HomeMy WebLinkAboutBartlett Hospital Biomass Energy System Prelim Feasibility Report Final Fairbanks EconomicDevCorporation 08-27-2018-BIO
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Preliminary Feasibility Report Version: Final Bartlett Regional Hospital
Date Modified: August 27, 2018 Juneau, Alaska
Fairbanks Economic Development Corporation
Table of Contents
1.0 Executive Summary ........................................................................................................................... 1
2.0 Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 4
2.1 Fairbanks Economic Development Corporation ........................................................................... 4
2.2 Bartlett Regional Hospital Opportunity ........................................................................................ 4
3.0 Facilities Overview ............................................................................................................................ 4
3.1 Bartlett Central Plant .................................................................................................................... 4
3.2 Bartlett Facilities ........................................................................................................................... 5
3.3 Wildflower Court Facilities ............................................................................................................ 5
4.0 Energy Use and Cost ......................................................................................................................... 6
4.1 Historic Energy Use ....................................................................................................................... 6
4.2 Heating Demand Models .............................................................................................................. 8
5.0 Fuel Options, Costs, Requirements ................................................................................................. 11
5.1 Wood Fuel Specification and Processing Discussion .................................................................. 12
6.0 Evaluated Biomass System Options ................................................................................................ 14
6.1 Option 1 – Biomass Boiler Serving Hospital ................................................................................ 14
6.2 Alternative 1 – Connection to Wildflower Court ........................................................................ 16
6.3 Alternative 2 – Bartlett Central Plant Combined Heat & Power ................................................. 18
6.4 Alternative 3 – Biomass Boiler Plant Combined Heat & Power .................................................. 20
7.0 Grants and Incentives ..................................................................................................................... 21
7.1 USFS Wood Innovations Grant .................................................................................................... 21
7.2 USDA Rural Development Community Facilities Program .......................................................... 21
7.3 Opportunities with Third‐Party Ownership ................................................................................ 21
8.0 Economic Analysis ........................................................................................................................... 22
8.1 Project Costs ............................................................................................................................... 22
8.2 Project Benefits ........................................................................................................................... 23
8.3 Economic Summary .................................................................................................................... 24
9.0 Permitting and Emissions ................................................................................................................ 25
9.1 Air Permitting .............................................................................................................................. 25
9.2 Greenhouse Gas Emissions ......................................................................................................... 26
10.0 Conclusions and Recommendations ............................................................................................... 27
11.0 Assumptions .................................................................................................................................... 29
12.0 Forest Conditions & Fuel Availability .............................................................................................. 29
13.0 Biomass Technology ........................................................................................................................ 31
Preliminary Feasibility Report Version: Final Bartlett Regional Hospital
Date Modified: August 27, 2018 Juneau, Alaska
Fairbanks Economic Development Corporation
13.1 Biomass‐Fired Steam Boilers ....................................................................................................... 31
13.2 Backpressure Steam Turbines ..................................................................................................... 32
Appendix A – Site / Building Layouts and Connection Schematics
Appendix B – Capital Cost Estimates
Appendix C – Cash Flow and Fuel Sensitivity Analyses
Appendix D – Site Visit Photos
Preliminary Feasibility Report Version: Final Bartlett Regional Hospital
Date Modified: August 27, 2018 Juneau, Alaska
Fairbanks Economic Development Corporation 1
1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Fairbanks Economic Development Corporation has commissioned pre‐feasibility studies for community
heating projects that could utilize high‐efficiency, low‐emission, wood‐fired systems. Bartlett Regional
Hospital has a steam heating system served by two large steam boilers, utilizing over 200,000 gallons of
fuel oil per year. This study evaluates the potential to use local, renewable biomass energy to meet the
heating demands of the hospital, thereby offsetting fossil fuel consumption, reducing operating costs,
reducing net greenhouse gas emissions, and keeping resources spent on energy within the local
economy.
One main biomass system option with several alternates was evaluated in this study. An overview of
the biomass option and each alternate is provided below.
Option 1 – Biomass Boiler Serving Hospital: A 6.0 mmBtu/hr biomass steam boiler would be
installed in a new boiler plant. Steam would be provided at 65 psig to the header in the existing
central plant via direct buried, pre‐insulated piping. This system would cover approximately
90% of the hospital’s heating demands.
Alternative 1 – Connection to Wildflower Court: A steam‐to‐hot water heat exchanger would
be installed in the hospital’s boiler room. This would feed an underground hot water loop to
inject heat from the biomass system into the Wildflower Court hydronic system. Adding this to
Option 1 would allow the biomass system to cover approximately 90% of the combined Hospital
and Wildflower Court heating demands.
Alternative 2 – Bartlett Central Plant Combined Heat & Power: A 50 kW single‐stage
backpressure steam turbine would be installed in parallel with the existing PRVs in the central
plant. The electric output of the system would be based on the low pressure steam demands of
the facility.
Alternative 3 – Biomass Plant Combined Heat & Power: An 60 kW single‐stage backpressure
steam turbine would be installed in the biomass plant. The biomass boiler for Option 1 would
be rated for 300 psig steam, and would provide 275 psig steam to the turbine and a parallel PRV
station. The turbine would reduce the steam pressure in order to provide 65 psig to the existing
central plant steam header. The electric output of the system would be based steam demands
of the facility.
A summary of the economic performance of each option is presented in Table ES 1. Options presented
in this study were analyzed with inclusion of $250,000 in potential grant funding. This level of grant
funding should be able to be achieved regardless of project ownership, and additional grant funding may
be available. The 20‐year cash flow analyses were developed using energy price indices based on
Department of Energy forecasts. Analyses use a real discount rate of 3%.
Table ES 1: Economic Summary
Biomass Option
A‐Total
Estimated
Capital Cost
B‐Assumed
Grant
Funding
C‐First Year
Net
Operating
Savings
Simple
Payback
(A‐B)/C
20‐Year
Benefit/Cost
Ratio
20‐Year
Net
Present
Value
Option 1 $2,951,190 $250,000 $242,359 12.2 2.4 $3,768,707
Alternative 1 $3,153,487 $250,000 $275,044 11.5 2.5 $4,418,864
Alternative 2 $3,457,878 $250,000 $251,978 13.7 2.1 $3,417,480
Alternative 3 $3,519,285 $250,000 $252,662 13.9 2.0 $3,368,596
Note: Fuel pricing assumed is the 2018 average of $2.35/gallon for fuel oil and $60/ton wood chips. See Section 4.
Preliminary Feasibility Report Version: Final Bartlett Regional Hospital
Date Modified: August 27, 2018 Juneau, Alaska
Fairbanks Economic Development Corporation 2
Conclusions and Recommendations: The installation of a biomass system presents Bartlett Regional
Hospital with the opportunity to reduce energy costs, utilize a locally‐sourced renewable form of energy,
reduce net greenhouse gas emissions, help mitigate current forest residual handling issues, and keep
dollars spent on energy within the local economy. There is one main biomass option that has been
evaluated in this study, and then three individual alternatives that have been considered. Any or all of
the alternatives could be added to the main option.
The main option, Option 1, would include a 6.0 mmBtu/hr biomass steam boiler in a new boiler plant
near the existing central plant. This system would replace 90% of the hospital’s heating demand with
locally sourced wood fuel. This option is approximately $3,000,000 prior to any grant funding, and
would provide annual operating savings on the order of $240,000 at current fuel oil pricing, and
anticipated wood fuel costs. When assuming a minimum of $250,000 in grant funding, this option
provides a simple payback on the order of 12‐13 years. The largest driver of the economics for the
project is the cost of fuel oil, and it is recommended that Bartlett consider the sensitivity analysis in
Appendix C that shows how the savings will vary with changes in fuel oil and wood energy costs.
Alternative 1 would add a hot water loop to inject heat into Wildflower Court’s hydronic heating system.
Adding this Alternative does not require increasing the biomass boiler system size, and the biomass
system would cover 90% of the combined heating demand of the two facilities. This Alternative
provides improved overall economics for the biomass system with a capital cost on the order of
$200,000, while increasing annual operating savings by approximately $30,000.
Alternative 2 involves adding a 50 kW backpressure steam turbine and generator at the Hospital’s
central plant in parallel with the existing PRVs. This unit would generate electricity as steam pressure is
reduced to serve the majority of the Hospital’s heating demand. This alternative could be considered
regardless of whether a biomass system was pursued. This cost for this Alternative is on the order of
$500,000, and it provides on the order of $10,000 in operating savings by generating approximately 5%
of the annual electric demand for the Hospital.
Alternative 3 involves adding a 60 kW backpressure steam turbine and generator in the biomass plant.
This requires increasing the pressure rating of the biomass boiler to allow production of ~275 psig
saturated steam, and the turbine and a parallel PRV station would reduce this to distribution pressure.
This unit would generate electricity following the load served by the biomass plant. This cost for this
Alternative is on the order of $500,000, and it provides on the order of $10,000 in operating savings by
generating approximately 6% of the annual electric demand for the Hospital.
Additional benefits provided through the use of renewable biomass energy at the hospital include:
Net reduction of greenhouse gas emissions by approximately 1,922 – 2,166 metric tonnes
annually,
Support of the local economy through the purchase of $187,000 – $213,000 of locally sourced,
renewable wood fuel,
Increased heating system redundancy,
A diversification in heating fuels to allow for mitigation of fossil fuel cost volatility,
Capacity to add additional facilities or future expansions while still covering the majority of
added thermal load,
o Even with a 50% increase in covered thermal demand, the same biomass system should
be able to cover approximately 80% of the added load,
Creating markets for low‐value woody biomass to provide outlets for local wood residuals and
opportunities for forest management activities to reduce pests and disease, prevent fires, and
manage for ecological diversity, soil health, and water quality.
The following are recommended considerations as Bartlett decides whether to pursue a biomass option.
Preliminary Feasibility Report Version: Final Bartlett Regional Hospital
Date Modified: August 27, 2018 Juneau, Alaska
Fairbanks Economic Development Corporation 3
It is strongly recommended that staff visit several modern biomass boiler installations of
different vendors to develop a detailed understanding of the systems and their capabilities.
A third‐party owner of the system could provide access to increased options for incentive
funding, and may be attractive for the Hospital. Depending on the potential owner, there are
options available that could fund nearly 50% of the project cost.
o Please note that any third‐party operator would need to profit from the project, and
thus, some of the overall benefits would accrue to the potential third‐party.
o There may be an opportunity for an integrated operation that both processes and
delivers the wood fuel, as well as operates the biomass system.
The largest driver of the economics for the project is the cost of fuel oil, and it is recommended
that Bartlett consider the sensitivity analysis in Appendix C that shows how the savings will vary
with changes in fuel oil and wood energy costs.
It is strongly recommended that a key next step for the hospital in pursuing a biomass option be
to verify the wood fuel availability and cost in detail. Wood fuel availability is currently being
evaluated in detail by Alaska’s Division of Forestry. The USFS has provided guidance for fuel
sources and pricing assumptions for use in this report, and the assumptions should be examined
in detail upon completion of the wood resource study by Alaska’s Division of Forestry.
Please note that there are some potential funding opportunities that may be enhanced for CHP
systems, in which case, addition of Alternative 2 or 3 to the overall project could improve
incentive opportunities and project economics.
Capital costs in this report are based on competitive bidding of the project and receiving
multiple competitive bids. This region of Alaska may have limited bidders for this project
depending on the market at the time of bidding, and this should be understood when
considering capital costs. If the project is pursued, it is recommended that a suite of potential
bidders be identified and cultivated well in advance of any bidding.
The following are items for consideration that are unrelated to a biomass option.
The existing boilers are understood by the Hospital to be significantly larger than required for
their current loads, and the load modeling identified this as well. The addition of steam or
feedwater metering and logging would provide useful information regarding overall seasonal
efficiency of the existing boilers to inform future decisions regarding investments in the central
plant infrastructure.
o Hospital staff does an excellent job of tracking boiler operations (daily fuel use, daily
make‐up water use, and key operating parameters), and tuning the boilers on a regular
basis. An O2 trim system and updated boiler control from Cleaver Brooks are being
installed currently which will reduce boiler cycling to improve overall efficiency.
Sub‐metering of key electric loads could be a useful tool for identifying opportunities for energy
and cost savings. Approximately 30% of the electric cost for the Hospital is from demand
charges, and sub‐metering could assist with identifying opportunities for reducing demand
charges.
Preliminary Feasibility Report Version: Final Bartlett Regional Hospital
Date Modified: August 27, 2018 Juneau, Alaska
Fairbanks Economic Development Corporation 4
2.0 INTRODUCTION
2.1 FAIRBANKS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
Fairbanks Economic Development Corporation (FEDC) has commissioned pre‐feasibility studies for
community heating projects that could utilize high‐efficiency, low‐emission, wood‐fired systems. Sites
to receive these studies were selected by the Alaska Wood Energy Development Task Group (AWEDTG)
based on submitted statements of interest. Sites for consideration included schools, public facilities and
buildings, and buildings owned and operated by not‐for‐profit organizations, federally recognized tribes,
ANCSA corporations, commercial enterprises, and for‐profit entities. AWEDTG has selected community
projects based on its goal to identify cost‐effective heating projects that will displace fossil fuels with
wood and wood residues. This study was developed under FEDC guidance by Wilson & Wilson
Engineering Services Corporation.
2.2 BARTLETT REGIONAL HOSPITAL OPPORTUNITY
Bartlett Regional Hospital (Bartlett) is a hospital serving a northern region of Southeast Alaska with
approximately 55,000 residents. The hospital is licensed for 57 inpatient beds with an additional 16
residential beds in its substance‐abuse treatment facility. The hospital’s current facility was primarily
built in 1965, and is approximately 139,000 square feet. The facility has a steam heating system served
by two large steam boilers, utilizing over 200,000 gallons of fuel oil per year.
There is also an independent nursing care facility, Wildflower Court, adjacent to the hospital.
Wildflower Court is approximately 60,000 square feet and has 61 beds. The facility has a hot water
heating system and used over 27,000 gallons of fuel oil in 2017.
This study evaluates the potential to use local, renewable biomass energy to meet the heating demands
of the hospital, thereby offsetting fossil fuel consumption, reducing operating costs, reducing net
greenhouse gas emissions, and keeping resources spent on energy within the local economy.
3.0 FACILITIES OVERVIEW
3.1 BARTLETT CENTRAL PLANT
The hospital’s central plant includes two Cleaver Brooks model CBI‐101‐500‐150 boilers, installed in
2004. These boilers are each rated for 500 hp (16.7 mmBtu/hr) with a maximum working pressure of
150 psig. The boilers operate in a lead‐lag configuration. The lead boiler is set to maintain a pressure
range of 62 – 65 psig, while the lag boiler maintains a pressure range of 55 – 60 psig. Anecdotal
information provided by plant staff indicated that the lead boiler rarely, if ever, leaves low‐fire, even
during the winter, and must cycle frequently to meet steam demand. The boilers provide steam to a
common header, which serves the hospital. The majority of steam passes through a set of parallel
pressure reducing valves (PRVs), dropping steam pressure to 7 psig. Remaining steam is utilized at the
higher pressure.
There are two condensate receivers at the facility, one in the central plant and the other in a nearby
mechanical room. Condensate is pumped from the receiver tanks to a deaerator tank in the central
plant. Each of the condensate receivers is fed by gravity. The receivers then pump condensate to the
deaerator (DA) tank in the central plant. The DA tank is a Cleaver Brooks Spraymaster. The DA tank is
fed with 7 psig steam from the low pressure header. There are two Grundfos feedwater pumps driven
by 7.5 hp motors providing approximately 175 psig feedwater to the boilers.
Fuel oil for the boilers is stored in a single 20,000 gallon underground tank. There is an OMNTEC
monitoring system on the tank. The fuel level is read daily on this system, and recorded on the daily log
Preliminary Feasibility Report Version: Final Bartlett Regional Hospital
Date Modified: August 27, 2018 Juneau, Alaska
Fairbanks Economic Development Corporation 5
for Boiler 1. This provides daily fuel use records that can be used to evaluate daily fuel use on days
when there aren’t any deliveries.
Detailed daily logs are kept in the central plant. The daily log is filled out once per day with the time
noted. The logs include records for testing of key safety devices, blowdown, chemical treatment, key
pressures, key temperatures, key boiler data, fuel tank level, and makeup water readings. The central
plant does not have steam or feedwater metering.
The facility is implementing an upgrade to the Cleaver Brooks boilers, with installation this summer
season of the latest Hawk control system and O2 trim. This new control system will allow the boilers to
have a wider range of firing rates, and should limit boiler cycling to improve overall system efficiency.
Daily records show that the lead boiler in the winter currently cycles around 36 times per day in the
winter and 110 times per day in the summer. The lag boiler cycles about 21 times per day on average
year‐round. These cycles have a significant impact on the overall efficiency of the central plant. For the
purposes of this report, the boilers as configured during the period of fuel use records that were
provided is assumed to be 80% on a seasonal basis. This is assumed to be a conservative value for the
purpose of estimating wood energy demand and project economics.
3.2 BARTLETT FACILITIES
Bartlett’s overall facility is 139,000 square feet, and includes operating rooms, beds, clinics, laundry,
kitchen, office, and utility spaces. Steam loads on the central plant include space heating, domestic hot
water, snowmelt system for the helipad, humidification in critical areas, and sterilization. Domestic hot
water is fed from exchange with steam through shell and tube heat exchangers. The laundry and
kitchen are served with 180°F domestic hot water, and the remainder of the facility loads are fed at
120°F, blended down from 180°F. The laundry utilizes domestic hot water fed from the steam plant for
washers, but its dryers are electric.
The majority of loads utilize steam at 7 psig, with higher pressure steam utilized for sterilization, two air
handler units, and a hydronic heating loop. There are five sterilization units, ranging in maximum steam
demand between 158 and 310 pph. These units are run during day shift only. Plant staff have
estimated that about 80% of steam is utilized at the lower pressure. All heating loads of for the main
facility are served by the central plant boilers, there are no other heat sources that are in use. The
facility has an integrated BMS that allows staff to manage and monitor facility performance. There is
web‐based login, and a central computer and monitoring station is located adjacent to the central plant.
The fuel oil tank for the central plant also serves the emergency generator. The unit is powered by a
997 kW Caterpillar engine, and is rated to provide 900 kW, 480V 3ph. Anecdotal information from
facility staff indicates the generator is very rarely needed for backup power. The unit is tied to four
priority service areas through automatic transfer switches. The main service to the overall facility enters
the facility in a room adjacent to the central plant. The main metered service is 480V, 3ph, 4000A, and
this serves the overall facility.
3.3 WILDFLOWER COURT FACILITIES
Wildflower Court nursing care facility is adjacent to the hospital, with a central boiler room on the near
side to the hospital, approximately 375 feet from the Bartlett boiler room. Wildflower Court is served
by two hot water boilers, firing on fuel oil. A Buderus GE515/12 hot water boiler, rated for 1.8
mmBtu/hr, covers all of the facility’s demands. The second boiler is an older Burnham boiler, rated for
1.7 mmBtu/hr, and serves solely as backup. The hot water boiler system serves the space heating,
domestic hot water, and kitchen needs. A small electric hot water heater provides higher temperature
water for the laundry.
Prelimina
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Preliminary Feasibility Report Version: Final Bartlett Regional Hospital
Date Modified: August 27, 2018 Juneau, Alaska
Fairbanks Economic Development Corporation 7
Table 1: Bartlett Heating Degree Day & Fuel Use Summary
Calendar
Year
Heating
Degree
Days1
Delivered
#2 Fuel Oil
(gallon)
Delivered
#1 Fuel Oil
(gallon)
Heat Input
(mmBtu)
Estimated
Heat
Output2
(mmBtu)
2015 7384 208,332 4,856 29,405 23,524
2016 7385 219,894 965 30,476 24,381
Average 214,113 2,910 29,940 23,952
Note 1: The average annual heating degree days for Juneau for the time period 1981 – 2010 as
reported by the National Climatic Data Center was 8,351.
Note 2: Heat output is estimated using a boiler efficiency of 80%.
Fuel use for Wildflower Court was provided for the calendar year 2017. A summary of fuel use is
presented in Table 2.
Table 2: Wildflower Court Heating Degree Day & Fuel Use Summary
Calendar
Year
Heating
Degree
Days1
Delivered
Fuel Oil #2
(gallon)
Delivered
Fuel Oil #1
(gallon)
Heat Input
(mmBtu)
Estimated
Heat
Output2
(mmBtu)
2017 8605 27,678 ‐ 3,820 3,056
Note 1: The average annual heating degree days for Juneau for the time period 1981 – 2010 as
reported by the National Climatic Data Center was 8,351.
Note 2: Heat output is estimated using a boiler efficiency of 80%.
The average estimated heat output for 2015 and 2016 Bartlett, and the 2017 estimated heat output for
Wildflower Court are used in the economic analysis of this study.
4.1.2 Electric
Bartlett provided billing history for its electric service for the main facility meter, which includes the
boiler plant, for the time period August 2006 to September 2017. Electric service is provided by Alaska
Electric Power and Light. The meter for the main facility falls under the Large Commercial with Demand
rate schedule. AELP provided its future rates as of August 1, 2018, which show a reduction from past
rates. The rates as of August 1st will be $0.0592/kWh (peak) and $0.0555/kWh (off‐peak). The demand
charges will be $13.85/kW (peak) and $8.82/kW (off‐peak). The average energy charge based on actual
billings in 2017 is used for the economic analysis of this study since this is the value that was in place
upon publication of the 2018 NIST future projections. The demand charge offset for turbine options was
also modeled based on 2017 demand charge peak and off‐peak rates to also match up with the 2018
NIST projections.
A chart of electric use and billed electric demand for calendar year 2016 is presented in Figure 2.
Electric use and demand is fairly consistent throughout the year, with monthly electric use ranging from
approximately 420,000 – 490,000 kWh and monthly billed demand ranging from approximately 820 –
915 kW.
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emand for th
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ied: August 2
Average Heat
s the daily ave
course of a 24‐
or the facility
n which the a
g the biomass
Load Duration
s the daily ave
course of a 24‐
eating deman
he domestic w
27, 2018
ting Demand
rage. Actual h
‐hour period.
based on the
average heati
s boiler system
n Curve Mode
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ospital
Alaska
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Figure
Note: Estimated
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Report
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AE estimates
ng demand fo
Table 4: W
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: Total heating
: Base heating
els for the com
of a biomass
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27, 2018
hot water use
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Demand Sum
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ospital
Alaska
10
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Prelimina
Fairbanks
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The centr
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uel Oil, gallon
uel Oil, gallon
uel Oil, gallon
uel Oil, gallon
od Pellets
en Wood Chips
Report
evelopment C
ure 6: Bartlet
d heating dem
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ONS, COST
ently uses #2
el oil used in t
rtlett in recen
gallon. This
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facility, and t
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and represents
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$60
27, 2018
d Duration C
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‐hour period.
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Juneau, A
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($/mmBtu)
$18.75
$30.99
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ospital
Alaska
11
a very
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Preliminary Feasibility Report Version: Final Bartlett Regional Hospital
Date Modified: August 27, 2018 Juneau, Alaska
Fairbanks Economic Development Corporation 12
The market for wood residuals for fuel in Juneau is not yet well developed, but wood resources exist
that are currently under‐utilized or treated as waste materials. Alaska Department of Natural
Resources, Division of Forestry, is currently completing a study of the wood resource availability for
energy in Juneau, AK. The evaluation has focused on three main sources, which include:
residuals currently being disposed of as a waste product in Juneau
resources sustainably available for harvest from lands in and around Juneau that are both
accessible and available
residuals from ongoing or future logging, forest products, or fuel processing efforts in nearby
communities or areas (i.e. Hoonah, Haines, etc.)
Fuel availability and forest conditions are discussed further in Section 12.0. A representative cost of $60
per ton for green wood chips is used in this study. Evaluation of potential wood fuel costs should be
revisited once the wood study is available from the Division of Forestry. Please note that the Division of
Forestry study is not examining pricing. Appendix C includes a sensitivity analysis for each option that
shows how varying fuel prices impact project economics.
5.1 WOOD FUEL SPECIFICATION AND PROCESSING DISCUSSION
Modern biomass combustion systems can utilize a variety of wood fuels with a wide range of moisture
content. Systems of the sizes considered in this study are typically capable of using wood residuals with
moisture content of 10‐55% (wet basis), depending on a number of factors including species. The
recommendation for this facility is that the biomass boiler system be setup to be fuel flexible, and able
to handle as wide of a variety of fuel as possible. The following discussion identifies some key
considerations for fuel flexibility, and a recommended range of fuels that should be able to be accepted
by the system.
The following are the basic recommended specifications/requirements for the biomass energy system to
ensure fuel flexibility for this project:
Moisture content: ~8 ‐ 55% moisture content wet basis
o Green chipped wood is perfectly acceptable for the type of recommended system
o This range is intended to include pellets or low moisture content wood residuals
(pallets, etc.) as acceptable options
The vendors should employ flue gas recirculation or grate construction that can
allow for the boiler to be operated on lower moisture content fuel without
overheating of grates or refractory.
Sizing: 2.5” minus, ground or chipped
o Over sized pieces are unavoidable in processing of wood residuals, particularly low‐
value residuals. Overs removal should be a requirement of the system, and there are
relatively simple systems available to ensure overs are removed. Please note that it is
highly recommended that the fuel provider have their own fuel screening system (either
secondary screening of material, or as part of the initial chipping/grinding process. The
intent with overs removal at the facility is that a small percentage of the fuel would be
overs, and this is in place to prevent jamming. Large percentages of overs will result in
significant labor onsite, and should be avoided.
Delivery vehicle options: The facility should be setup to accept deliveries from both walking
floor trailers and dump trucks. The design of the building and fuel receiving area should ensure
that the facility staff does not have to move chips around onsite. This requires access that
allows a walking floor trailers or dump trucks to empty directly into storage with automated
reclaim. Below‐grade storage with adequate overhang of the storage/reclaim area, and suitably
high overhead doors to allow dump truck access is recommended at this level of evaluation.
Preliminary Feasibility Report Version: Final Bartlett Regional Hospital
Date Modified: August 27, 2018 Juneau, Alaska
Fairbanks Economic Development Corporation 13
Fuel processing: Wood fuel from low‐value residuals is manufactured in different ways and
from a variety of feed stocks resulting in a wide range of potentially available products.
Typically, wood residuals are either processed by a wood chipper or grinder. Chips are produced
by equipment with knives which cleanly slice or shear through wood. Options include drum or
disc chippers. Ground fuel is produced by pulverizing wood using hammers or blunt force.
Options include horizontal grinders, hammermills, and tub grinders. Chips are sometimes
preferred to grindings for smaller systems because chips are smoother and flow better.
Grindings tend to be stringy and “fuzzy” which increases the chances of bridging. Chipped fuel is
generally more consistent in size, however both fuels can be screened to help eliminate over‐
sized pieces. With the proper handling system, either fuel will work well.
o The fuel handling and biomass combustion system envisioned for this project will handle
a wide variety of material, and the following are recommendations for what to look for
when setting up or evaluating the fuel supply:
Ground or chipped material should be stored under cover to avoid extremely
high moisture content material.
Wood stored in round form and then chipped or ground into covered storage or
directly into a delivery vehicle is a model that has been demonstrated to be
successful for this scale of wood boiler in Europe, the US, and AK. Figure 7
shows the operations of the Saint Benedict Center in Massachusetts where the
facility accepts and stores roundwood (logs) from local land clearing operations.
The facility purchased and refurbished a used grinder for $90,000, and grinds
their fuel into a covered storage area on a monthly basis. The unit shown has a
throughput rate of approximately 40 tons per hour, which is more than
adequate to serve the potential demand for Bartlett Hospital. Galena, AK is
another example of an operation that chips roundwood for boiler fuel.
Figure 7: Roundwood Processing for Boiler Fuel
Preliminary Feasibility Report Version: Final Bartlett Regional Hospital
Date Modified: August 27, 2018 Juneau, Alaska
Fairbanks Economic Development Corporation 14
6.0 EVALUATED BIOMASS SYSTEM OPTIONS
One main biomass system option with several alternates was evaluated in this study. An overview of
each option is provided below. The biomass systems were sized and evaluated based on the heating
demand models described in Section 4.0.
Option 1 – Biomass Boiler Serving Hospital: A 6.0 mmBtu/hr biomass steam boiler would be
installed in a new boiler plant. Steam would be provided at 65 psig to the header in the existing
central plant via direct buried, pre‐insulated piping. This system would cover approximately
90% of the hospital’s heating demands.
Alternative 1 – Connection to Wildflower Court: A steam‐to‐hot water heat exchanger would
be installed in the hospital’s boiler room. This would feed an underground hot water loop to
inject heat from the biomass system into the Wildflower Court hydronic system. Adding this to
Option 1 would allow the biomass system to cover approximately 90% of the combined Hospital
and Wildflower Court heating demands.
Alternative 2 – Bartlett Central Plant Combined Heat & Power: A 50 kW single‐stage
backpressure steam turbine would be installed in parallel with the existing PRVs in the central
plant. The electric output of the system would be based on the low pressure steam demands of
the facility.
Alternative 3 – Biomass Plant Combined Heat & Power: An 60 kW single‐stage backpressure
steam turbine would be installed in the biomass plant. The biomass boiler for Option 1 would
be rated for 300 psig steam, and would provide 275 psig steam to the turbine and a parallel PRV
station. The turbine would reduce the steam pressure in order to provide 65 psig to the existing
central plant steam header. The electric output of the system would be based steam demands
of the facility.
6.1 OPTION 1 – BIOMASS BOILER SERVING HOSPITAL
An advanced combustion biomass steam boiler firing wood chips rated at 6.0 mmBtu/hr and 150 psig
would be installed in a new boiler plant on the hospital property. The biomass boiler would operate as
the lead boiler for Bartlett directly offsetting fuel oil use by the two central plant boilers.
The biomass boiler would provide steam at 65 psig to the header in the existing boiler plant via direct
buried, pre‐insulated underground piping. A general connection schematic for Option 1 is provided in
Appendix A. The biomass boiler would operate year‐round as the lead boiler. One fuel oil boiler would
be kept on standby, operating in the same manner as the lag boiler in the current lead‐lag sequence by
maintaining a pressure range of 55 – 60 psig. The second fuel oil boiler would be taken offline. Should
the biomass boiler be taken offline or fail to meet the steam demands of the facility, steam demand
would be met by the standby fuel oil boiler. The existing deaerator tank would be utilized to provide
feed water to the biomass boiler as well as the fuel oil boilers. A small condensate receiver tank and
pump in the biomass boiler plant would send any condensate back to the existing condensate return
system in the central plant. Feed water, steam supply, and condensate return would be connected to
the central plant from the biomass plant via underground pre‐insulated piping. Thermal losses from the
insulated piping to the ground add a small increase in heating demand to the biomass system. These
additional losses are presented in Table 6.
Preliminary Feasibility Report Version: Final Bartlett Regional Hospital
Date Modified: August 27, 2018 Juneau, Alaska
Fairbanks Economic Development Corporation 15
Table 6: Option 1 – Underground Piping Summary
Description Biomass‐
Hospital Units
Total length of pipe (one‐way) 225 ft
Annual days of operation 365 days
Heat loss 11,670 Btu/hr
Annual heat loss 102 mmBtu
Note: Heat loss is based on a steam temperature of 312°F and a boiler feed water
temperature of 220°F.
A new 2,925 ft2 biomass boiler plant would be constructed along the southern edge of the hospital’s
property, as shown in Appendix A. The boiler plant would be constructed at grade, with a below grade
wood storage bunker. The new boiler plant would house the new biomass boiler system, wood storage
and handling equipment, emission control technology, condensate return and other ancillary steam
equipment.
Please note that several site options were reviewed with the hospital, and this potential site was
identified as the preferred one to carry for the study at this time. Should a project move forward,
further consideration of the most advantageous location is recommended. It is worth noting that there
are some adjacent property owners, AELP and a private land owner, that have property that is able to be
accessed directly from Egan Drive, and is in reasonably close proximity to the existing hospital central
plant. Should site constraints be a driving factor for consideration of a project, it may be worth
discussing options with one or more of the adjacent landowners.
Wood fuel would be fed to the boiler by an automated wood reclaim and handling system. There are a
multiple styles of reclaim systems. Examples include a system consisting of a series of hydraulically
powered rakes installed at the bottom of the bunker which pull chips onto a belt or vibrating conveyor,
or a traversing screw conveyor which travels the length of the storage bunker, pulling chips to a belt
conveyor. The system will have the ability to removed oversized material prior to reaching the metering
bin of the biomass boiler. The storage bunker would be approximately 600 ft2. During a peak winter
week, this would be expected to provide three days of storage. During a typical winter week this would
be approximately four to five days of storage. The storage bunker should be designed to accept delivery
of wood chips via walking floor trailers and dump trucks. Overhead doors would provide access to the
bunker for the trailers and dumps. It is recommended that an overhang be provided to allow the
delivery vehicle to access more of the below‐grade storage. A site plan and conceptual boiler plant
layouts are provided in Appendix A.
This report assumes that the boiler system would include a fixed‐grate combustion system, requiring ash
to be raked to a collection system for automated removal on a regular basis. With anticipated fuel and
ambient levels of particulate matter (PM) in Juneau, an electrostatic precipitator (ESP) is assumed to be
included for control of PM emissions for conservatism. Stack modeling is recommended, and would
allow Bartlett to determine whether an ESP is required to meet National Ambient Air Quality Standards
(NAAQS) under worst‐case conditions. Please note that neither modeling nor an ESP would be required
by the state, since an air quality permit would not be needed. Air permitting is discussed further in
Section 9.0.
Advanced wood chip combustion systems should be sized to ensure that the majority of the runtime is
within the unit’s most efficient operating range, typically 20% to 100% of the rated capacity. Heating
demand coverage for the biomass unit is evaluated based on the models developed in Section 4.0.
Heating demand coverage by the biomass boiler is presented in Figure 8 and Figure 9. These figures
show the biomass boiler covering approximately 99% and 98% of annual heating demand of the
hospital, respectively. In order to account for uncertainties in the load models, peak hourly demands,
Prelimina
Fairbanks
and poten
Option 1 b
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flu
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ab
6.2 A
The biom
connected
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ry Feasibility
s Economic De
ntial down tim
biomass unit
Note: Estimated
uctuates above
stimated heati
bove and below
ALTERNATIVE
ass boiler sys
d just with th
m’s peak load
Report
evelopment C
me for the bio
is used for pu
Figure 8:
d heating dem
e and below th
Figure 9:
ing demand rep
w throughout t
1 – CONNECT
stem identifie
e existing Ba
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Ve
Date Modif
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omass system
urposes of ec
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and represents
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Option 1 – 20
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rtlett Hospita
s more therm
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m, a value of 9
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015 LDC and
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27, 2018
90% coverage
ysis in this stu
Biomass Cov
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Juneau, A
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ospital
Alaska
16
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be
ver
Preliminary Feasibility Report Version: Final Bartlett Regional Hospital
Date Modified: August 27, 2018 Juneau, Alaska
Fairbanks Economic Development Corporation 17
boiler is able to cover the vast majority of the added thermal demand. Wildflower Court is the largest
adjacent thermal energy user to the Hospital, and is fed from a central hot water system, making it a
prime target for connection.
In order to feed Wildflower Court, a steam‐to‐hot water heat exchanger would be installed in the
existing Bartlett central plant. This would feed an underground hot water loop to inject heat from the
biomass system into the Wildflower Court hydronic system. The heat exchanger heat to the hot water
loop to 200°F (adjustable). A variable speed pump would circulate water through 4” supply and return
pre‐insulated direct buried piping to the Wildflower Court boiler room, where it would be injected into
the hydronic system through closely‐spaced tees and a primary secondary piping arrangement. The
primary boiler at Wildflower court would be operated in standby mode, and would fire if supply water
temperature fell below the set point temperature. A connection schematic for Alternative 1 is provided
in Appendix A.
An agreement and system would need to be worked out in order to bill Wildflower Court for energy
provided from the biomass system. Wildflower Court is a private, non‐profit corporation that is
separately owned and operated from the Bartlett Regional Hospital. The two entities have an
established working relationship with a history of leasing agreements for mutual benefit. Given that the
hospital would be providing hot water, not steam, and Wildflower Court has its own boiler system, this
arrangement would likely be able to avoid regulation as a utility. A thermal energy metering system
consisting of a flow meter and two temperature sensors with a totalizer that tracks the delivered
thermal energy on a rolling basis would be a low‐cost way to track the energy provided. The flow meter
should be placed on the return heating water line coming back from Wildflower Court, and the
temperature sensors would measure the supply and return temperatures to Wildflower Court. This type
of metering system could be integrated into the existing BMS system, or, simply have a totalizer display
that can be manually logged daily or on a recurring basis. For the purposes of this report, this
Alternative is simply considered based on its initial costs and the savings provided.
Additional losses for underground piping between the hospital and Wildflower Court are presented in
Table 7.
Table 7: Alternative 1 – Underground Piping Summary
Description
Hospital‐
Nursing
Care
Units
Total length of pipe (one‐way) 375 ft
Annual days of operation 365 days
Heat loss 14,805 Btu/hr
Annual heat loss 130 mmBtu
Note: Heat loss for the Hospital‐Nursing Care loop is calculated based on a hot water supply
temperature of 200°F and a return temperature of 180°F. Depending on the operating
performance of Wildflower Court, the temperature delta may be able to be increased, and
lower temperature supply water may also be able to be used.
Heating demand coverage by the biomass boiler is presented in Figure 10 and Figure 11. These figures
show the biomass boiler covering approximately 99% and 99% of the combined annual heating demand
of the hospital and nursing care facility, respectively. The assumed coverage of the combined load for
the purposes of this analysis is 90%.
Prelimina
Fairbanks
Es
ab
Es
ab
6.3 A
There are
facility, an
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Si
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stimated heati
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Report
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Figure 10: A
ing demand rep
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Figure 11: A
ing demand rep
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2 – BARTLET
at which back
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27, 2018
nd Biomass C
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Alaska
18
lett
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Preliminary Feasibility Report Version: Final Bartlett Regional Hospital
Date Modified: August 27, 2018 Juneau, Alaska
Fairbanks Economic Development Corporation 19
o Note that steam engines could also be considered with reasonably similar performance
characteristics.
All options considered are thermally‐led (no dumping of heat to the atmosphere)
The turn‐down of the turbine is assumed to be 25%. Below this level of turn‐down (steam flow)
the turbine will trip out and require a manual restart.
o This constraint may lead to feasibility‐level turbine sizing that is some value less than
the maximum steam flow or maximum boiler steam output.
The first potential point of power generation is in the existing central plant, where there is a PRV station
that anecdotally sees approximately 80% of the load at the hospital. There, the steam is reduced from
65 psig to 7 psig for subsequent distribution to the hospital demands. A backpressure steam turbine
could be installed in parallel with the pressure reduction infrastructure. The shaft power provided by
this steam pressure reduction through a single‐stage turbine could be on the order of 14 kW/1,000 lbs
steam. This is a project that could be considered regardless of the consideration of a biomass boiler
system. Based on the thermal loads for the system, and typical losses, this system could be expected to
generate on the order of 245,000 kWh/yr using a single stage backpressure steam turbine sized at 50
kW.
For this alternative, a 50 kW backpressure steam turbine and generator would be installed at the central
plant in parallel with the PRVs. The backpressure steam turbine acts like a pressure reducing valve,
reducing the steam pressure as it is expanded through a turbine, generating electricity in the process.
Electricity is generated proportionally to the steam flow. Sizing of the backpressure steam turbine is
dependent upon the range of steam flows expected. A backpressure steam turbine will generally
operate down to 25% of its rating. When steam flow is less than 25% of the rated input, the turbine will
automatically shut down and steam would be bypassed through the PRV station. Typically a manual
restart of the turbine would be required after a shutdown. Floor space in the central boiler plant is
limited making the siting of the turbine and generator within the central plant difficult. It is anticipated
that the system could be installed in a mechanical room on the roof of the central plant. The skid, which
includes the turbine and generator, for this type of unit would be on the order of 8’ x 4’. The existing
electrical infrastructure at the facility is located adjacent to the central plant, and could accommodate
this system. A general steam connection schematic for Alternative 2 is provided in Appendix A.
The system would be setup to ensure that all electricity was used onsite to maximize the value of the
electric generated. AELP is not able to purchase power back from the system. An application to AELP
with a small nominal fee would be required, and would need to include a one‐line electrical diagram
showing the relays and shutoffs for isolating the unit from the grid.
Models of the turbine‐generator electric output based on the heating demands developed in Section 4.0
are presented in Figure 12. Based on these models, the turbine‐generator would provide approximately
245,000 kWh. A small percentage of steam passing through the turbine would be condensed, increasing
steam load on the boiler system. With a 50 kW turbine, wood use would increase by approximately 66
tons, annually. The model was also used to estimate the demand charges that could be avoided over
the course of a year. This value was reduced by 25% for the purposes of developing economics for this
report since it is not possible to accurately predict what the turbine output will be for this thermal load
following system when the peak 15 minute demand hits in a given month.
Prelimina
Fairbanks
F
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Figure 12: Al
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kWh. A small
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ually. The mo
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Report
evelopment C
lternative 2 –
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Preliminary Feasibility Report Version: Final Bartlett Regional Hospital
Date Modified: August 27, 2018 Juneau, Alaska
Fairbanks Economic Development Corporation 22
following are some examples of grants specifically available for non‐profits and/or Tribes that could be
directly applicable to this project.
7.3.1 Rural Energy for America Program (REAP)
REAP is administered by the USDA and provides grant and/or loan funding to for‐profit businesses for
energy projects in rural areas. Grant funding of up to $500,000 per project can be used to cover up to
25% of total project costs. Because Bartlett Hospital is not a for‐profit business, it would not qualify
directly for this grant, but the potential exists for a creative ownership model for a biomass plant which
could allow the project to qualify for this program.
7.3.2 DOE Tribal Energy Grant Program
The DOE Tribal Energy Grant Program provides up to $1,000,000 for renewable energy projects, and has
funded biomass thermal and combined heat and power (CHP) projects in the past. Bartlett Hospital
would not qualify for this opportunity, but the potential exists for a creative ownership model with a
Tribal partner to allow the project to qualify for this program.
7.3.3 Value Added Producer Grant
This provides up to $250,000 for working capital expenses related to producing a value‐added
agricultural product. This program can fund working capital expenses including processing costs,
marketing and advertising costs, and some inventory and salary expenses. This grant could be targeted
by a potential fuel supplier for the project that is also a landowner sustainably harvesting their own
forest land. This program may be able to fund the initial years of roundwood inventory and processing
costs for the project as well as staff costs for initial years. The funds cannot be used to purchase
equipment or for construction activities.
8.0 ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
Project capital costs, operating costs, and economic benefits are discussed in this section. The biomass
option and alternates are compared to the existing systems of Bartlett Hospital. Operating and
maintenance cost presented for each option represent the estimated incremental increase in cost
compared to the existing system, not the absolute cost.
8.1 PROJECT COSTS
8.1.1 Capital Cost Estimates
Estimated capital costs for each option are presented in Table 8. Capital cost estimates include all
equipment, labor, material, and professional services associated with the installation of each option.
Cost estimates were established using budget quotes from manufacturers and service providers, and bid
results from similar projects. A detailed capital cost estimate for each option is provided in Appendix B.
Table 8: Estimated Capital Cost Summary
Biomass Option Additional Cost
with Alternate
Total Estimated
Capital Cost
Option 1 ‐ $2,951,190
Option 1 / Alternative 1 $202,297 $3,153,487
Option 1 / Alternative 2 $506,688 $3,457,878
Option 1/ Alternative 3 $568,095 $3,519,285
Preliminary Feasibility Report Version: Final Bartlett Regional Hospital
Date Modified: August 27, 2018 Juneau, Alaska
Fairbanks Economic Development Corporation 23
8.1.2 Operating and Maintenance Costs
Estimated operating and maintenance costs for the system options are presented in Table 9. These are
estimated O&M costs that are over and above the cost to run the existing fuel oil‐fired systems.
Biomass combustions systems use more electricity than comparably sized fuel oil boilers primarily due
to a relatively higher amount of air required for combustion, the need for backend emission controls for
particulate matter, and for motor use associated with fuel handling. The electric cost listed in the table
is the estimated electric use for the biomass system that is over and above the use of the existing
system.
The combustion of wood fuel produces ash which must be removed from the boiler room. The amount
of ash produced is dependent upon the wood fuel chosen. Wood with high bark content could have ash
contents as high as 6%, however, wood fuels sourced from large diameter wood and mill residuals are
typically in the range of 0.5 – 1.5%. An ash content of 1.0% is used in this study. The biomass system
options considered in this study would be expected to produce 31 – 35 tons of ash on an annual basis. It
is anticipated that ash from the boiler would be landfilled, and a cost of $70 per ton is carried to cover
cost of disposal. As an alternative to landfilling, wood ash can be used as a liming agent and soil
amendment. The wood ash is an ideal component for mixing with compost, and incorporating this
resource with composting businesses such as Juneau Composts could provide a sustainable alternative
for at least a portion of the wood ash produced.
The values identified for the annual cost for maintenance and wear parts are for the newly implemented
biomass options. These include sensor eyes, chains, belts, and other parts that customarily wear or
require occasional replacement, as well as routine maintenance items.
Costs are carried for increased staff time for managing the biomass system that are over and above
current maintenance. This study has included 7 hours per week for staff time to cover tasks such as:
daily walkthrough of the boiler plant, monitoring biomass fuel storage, changing filters, blowing down
the system, ash raking as required, and other types of routine maintenance. Biomass system options
would not require around‐the‐clock monitoring. Systems would include diagnostic and alarm systems to
notify operators of any system problems.
Table 9: Estimated Operating and Maintenance Costs
Biomass Option
Additional
Electric
Cost
Ash
Removal
Cost
Maintenance
& Staff Time
Total O&M
Cost
Option 1 $4,090 $2,170 $24,600 $30,860
Option 1 / Alternative 1 $4,980 $2,450 $24,600 $32,030
Option 1 / Alternative 2 $4,090 $2,250 $27,100 $33,440
Option 1/ Alternative 3 $4,090 $2,300 $27,100 $33,490
8.2 PROJECT BENEFITS
An annual energy use profile for each biomass option is compared against the energy use of the existing
systems. A summary of the energy use profile is presented in Table 10.
Preliminary Feasibility Report Version: Final Bartlett Regional Hospital
Date Modified: August 27, 2018 Juneau, Alaska
Fairbanks Economic Development Corporation 24
Table 10: Annual Energy Profile
Biomass Option
Existing System Biomass System
Fuel Oil Use
(gallon)
Biomass
Coverage
Wood Chip
Use
(ton)
Fuel Oil Use
(gallon)
Electric
Generation
(kWh)
Option 1 216,960 90% 3,094 21,696 ‐
Option 1 / Alternative 1 244,638 90% 3,506 24,464 ‐
Option 1 / Alternative 2 216,960 90% 3,214 21,696 245,000
Option 1/ Alternative 3 216,960 90% 3,284 21,696 315,000
A summary of the estimated first year net operating savings for each option as compared to the existing
system is presented in Table 11. Net operating savings are based on the O&M costs presented in Table
9 and the annual energy profile presented in Table 10. Sensitivity analyses showing how the net
operating savings is affected by varying fuel prices is provided in Appendix C. Net operating savings for
Alternative 1 includes savings from offsetting fuel at Wildflower Court. For purposes of this study, all of
the fuel savings generated for Wildflower Court are contributed to the project.
Table 11: First Year Net Operating Savings Summary
Biomass Option
Existing
System Biomass System First Year
Net
Operating
Savings
Fuel Oil
Cost
Wood Chip
Cost
Fuel Oil
Cost
Additional
O&M Cost
Electric
Generation
Value
Option 1 $509,856 $185,652 $50,986 $30,860 ‐ $242,359
Alternative 1 $574,899 $210,336 $57,490 $32,030 ‐ $275,044
Alternative 2 $509,856 $192,834 $50,986 $33,440 $19,381 $251,978
Alternative 3 $509,856 $197,023 $50,986 $33,490 $24,305 $252,662
Note: The estimated annual values of demand charge offsets for Alternatives 2 and 3 are $3,824/yr and $4,302/yr,
respectively.
8.3 ECONOMIC SUMMARY
A summary of the economic performance of each option is presented in Table 12. Options presented in
this study were analyzed with inclusion of $250,000 in potential grant funding. This level of grant
funding should be able to be achieved regardless of project ownership, and additional grant funding may
be available. All options show a benefit/cost ratio greater than 1.0 and a positive net present value,
indicating the options would generate enough discounted cash flow to repay the investment over a 20‐
year period.
The 20‐year cash flow analyses were developed using energy price indices based on Department of
Energy forecasts, and provided in the National Institute of Standards and Technology’s (NIST) 2018
Annual Supplement to NIST Handbook 135. Pro‐forma cash flow analyses and escalation rates are
provided in Appendix C. Analyses use a real discount rate of 3%.
Preliminary Feasibility Report Version: Final Bartlett Regional Hospital
Date Modified: August 27, 2018 Juneau, Alaska
Fairbanks Economic Development Corporation 25
Table 12: Economic Summary
Biomass Option
A‐Total
Estimated
Capital Cost
B‐Assumed
Grant
Funding
C‐First Year
Net
Operating
Savings
Simple
Payback
(A‐B)/C
20‐Year
Benefit/Cost
Ratio
20‐Year
Net
Present
Value
Option 1 $2,951,190 $250,000 $242,359 12.2 2.4 $3,768,707
Alternative 1 $3,153,487 $250,000 $275,044 11.5 2.5 $4,418,864
Alternative 2 $3,457,878 $250,000 $251,978 13.7 2.1 $3,417,480
Alternative 3 $3,519,285 $250,000 $252,662 13.9 2.0 $3,368,596
Note: Fuel pricing assumed is the 2018 average of $2.35/gallon for fuel oil and $60/ton wood chips. See Section 4.
9.0 PERMITTING AND EMISSIONS
9.1 AIR PERMITTING
Air quality permitting is regulated by the Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC). DEC
regulation section 18 AAC 50 pertains to Air Quality Control. Per these regulations, a minor air quality
permit is required if a wood boiler’s potential to emit (PTE) of any of the pollutants listed in Table 13 is
exceeded. The estimated PTE of a 6.0 mmBtu/hr biomass unit is also presented in this table with two
approaches to boiler emission controls. A boiler of this size would not exceed any of the limits, and
therefore a minor air quality permit would not be required. While air quality modeling is not required,
this report strongly recommends that air quality modeling be completed during project design. This way
the system is specifically designed to ensure it will not result in National Ambient Air Quality Standards
(NAAQS) being exceeded, even under worst‐case conditions. If the modeling determines that backend
control is needed in order to meet NAAQS under worst‐case conditions, then it is recommended that a
dry electrostatic precipitator (ESP) be added to the system regardless of state or federal regulations to
provide the needed emission rate as determined by modeling. The cost of an ESP is carried in this report
given the proximity of the system to a vulnerable population and for conservatism. An ESP is identified
in Table 13 as providing an emission rate of 0.07 lb/mmBtu of particulate matter, which is the federal
limit required for systems over 10 mmBtu/hr of fuel input. It is worth noting that detailed stack
modeling of biomass systems with cyclones will often show that NAAQS are not exceeded under worst‐
case conditions for sensitive receptors, depending on local ambient air quality and conditions, stack
design, and site topography.
Preliminary Feasibility Report Version: Final Bartlett Regional Hospital
Date Modified: August 27, 2018 Juneau, Alaska
Fairbanks Economic Development Corporation 26
Table 13: Potential to Emit Limits
Criteria
Pollutant
Typical
Emissions
Factors
with
Cyclone
(lb/mmBtu)
Typical
Emissions
Factors
with ESP
(lb/mmBtu)
Potential to
Emit (PTE)
Limit for
Permitting
(ton/yr)
Estimated
PTE of 6.0
mmBtu/hr
Boiler
(ton/yr)
Estimated
PTE of 6.0
mmBtu/hr
Boiler with
ESP
(ton/yr)
PM‐10 0.2 0.07 15 7.5 2.6
NOX 0.22 0.22 40 8.3 8.3
SO2 0.025 0.025 40 0.9 0.9
Lead 4.80E‐05 4.80E‐05 0.6 0.0 0.0
CO 0.25 0.25 100 9.4 9.4
PM‐2.5 0.04 0.014 10 1.5 0.5
Note 1: Emissions factors for pollutants are based on a mix of the EPA’s AP‐42 factors for
wet wood and past experience with stack testing. The typical values are provided for
systems with mechanical collectors and systems with an ESP with an established total
filterable PM limit of 0.07 lb/mmBtu input. Please note that PM 2.5 values are based on
experience with testing showing that the PM 2.5 fraction of the total PM is significantly
lower than shown by standard AP‐42 numbers. A value of 20% of PM 10 is used here to
identify the PM 2.5 fraction.
9.2 GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS
By displacing fuel oil used for heating, installation of the biomass system options presented in this study
would result in a reduction of Bartlett’s (and Wildflower Court’s) annual net Scope 1 and Scope 2
greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 1,923 – 2,166 metric tonnes of CO2 equivalent. A summary of net
greenhouse gas emissions for each biomass option is presented in Table 14. Although combustion of
wood releases CO2, the use of wood fuel ultimately provides a net reduction in GHG emissions
compared to fossil fuel as long as the fuel is sourced in a sustainable manner. The accounting in this
report directly follows that used by the voluntary carbon markets for sale of carbon credits and
reporting of Scope 1, Scope 2, and Scope 3 GHG emissions. Please see the Climate Registry for details.
Factors for CO2 equivalent values presented in this report are obtained from the Climate Registry and
include CO2, as well as CH4 and N2O adjusted for their 100‐year global warming potentials relative to
CO2. These values are listed in Table 16.
Table 14: Greenhouse Gas (CO2 equivalent) Emission Summary
Biomass Option
Existing System Biomass System Total
Reduction in
Scope 1 & 2
CO2
Equivalent
Emissions
(tonnes/year)
Scope 1 Fuel Oil
CO2 Equivalent
Emissions
(tonnes/year)
Scope 1
Biomass CO2
Equivalent
Emissions
(tonnes/year)
Scope 1 Fuel
Oil CO2
Equivalent
Emissions
(tonnes/year)
Scope 2
Electric CO2
Equivalent
Emissions
(tonnes/year)
Option 1 2,222 62 222 16 1,923
Option 1 / Alternative 1 2,505 70 251 19 2,166
Option 1 / Alternative 2 2,222 64 222 (44) 1,980
Option 1/ Alternative 3 2,222 65 222 (61) 1,995
Note: Table 16 contains the assumptions used to develop the values in this table. 1 tonne = 1,000
kg.
Preliminary Feasibility Report Version: Final Bartlett Regional Hospital
Date Modified: August 27, 2018 Juneau, Alaska
Fairbanks Economic Development Corporation 27
10.0 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
The installation of a biomass system presents Bartlett Regional Hospital with the opportunity to reduce
energy costs, utilize a locally‐sourced renewable form of energy, reduce net greenhouse gas emissions,
help mitigate current forest residual handling issues, and keep dollars spent on energy within the local
economy. There is one main biomass option that has been evaluated in this study, and then three
individual alternatives that have been considered. Any or all of the alternatives could be added to the
main option.
The main option, Option 1, would include a 6.0 mmBtu/hr biomass steam boiler in a new boiler plant
near the existing central plant. This system would replace 90% of the hospital’s heating demand with
locally sourced wood fuel. This option is approximately $3,000,000 prior to any grant funding, and
would provide annual operating savings on the order of $240,000 at current fuel oil pricing, and
anticipated wood fuel costs. When assuming a minimum of $250,000 in grant funding, this option
provides a simple payback on the order of 12‐13 years. The largest driver of the economics for the
project is the cost of fuel oil, and it is recommended that Bartlett consider the sensitivity analysis in
Appendix C that shows how the savings will vary with changes in fuel oil and wood energy costs.
Alternative 1 would add a hot water loop to inject heat into Wildflower Court’s hydronic heating system.
Adding this Alternative does not require increasing the biomass boiler system size, and the biomass
system would cover 90% of the combined heating demand of the two facilities. This Alternative
provides improved overall economics for the biomass system with a capital cost on the order of
$200,000, while increasing annual operating savings by approximately $30,000.
Alternative 2 involves adding a 50 kW backpressure steam turbine and generator at the Hospital’s
central plant in parallel with the existing PRVs. This unit would generate electricity as steam pressure is
reduced to serve the majority of the Hospital’s heating demand. This alternative could be considered
regardless of whether a biomass system was pursued. This cost for this Alternative is on the order of
$500,000, and it provides on the order of $10,000 in operating savings by generating approximately 5%
of the annual electric demand for the Hospital.
Alternative 3 involves adding a 60 kW backpressure steam turbine and generator in the biomass plant.
This requires increasing the pressure rating of the biomass boiler to allow production of ~275 psig
saturated steam, and the turbine and a parallel PRV station would reduce this to distribution pressure.
This unit would generate electricity following the load served by the biomass plant. This cost for this
Alternative is on the order of $500,000, and it provides on the order of $10,000 in operating savings by
generating approximately 6% of the annual electric demand for the Hospital.
Additional benefits provided through the use of renewable biomass energy at the hospital include:
Net reduction of greenhouse gas emissions by approximately 1,922 – 2,166 metric tonnes
annually,
Support of the local economy through the purchase of $187,000 – $213,000 of locally sourced,
renewable wood fuel,
Increased heating system redundancy,
A diversification in heating fuels to allow for mitigation of fossil fuel cost volatility,
Capacity to add additional facilities or future expansions while still covering the majority of
added thermal load,
o Even with a 50% increase in covered thermal demand, the same biomass system should
be able to cover approximately 80% of the added load,
Preliminary Feasibility Report Version: Final Bartlett Regional Hospital
Date Modified: August 27, 2018 Juneau, Alaska
Fairbanks Economic Development Corporation 28
Creating markets for low‐value woody biomass to provide outlets for local wood residuals and
opportunities for forest management activities to reduce pests and disease, prevent fires, and
manage for ecological diversity, soil health, and water quality.
The following are recommended considerations as Bartlett decides whether to pursue a biomass option.
It is strongly recommended that staff visit several modern biomass boiler installations of
different vendors to develop a detailed understanding of the systems and their capabilities.
A third‐party owner of the system could provide access to increased options for incentive
funding, and may be attractive for the Hospital. Depending on the potential owner, there are
options available that could fund nearly 50% of the project cost.
o Please note that any third‐party operator would need to profit from the project, and
thus, some of the overall benefits would accrue to the potential third‐party.
o There may be an opportunity for an integrated operation that both processes and
delivers the wood fuel, as well as operates the biomass system.
The largest driver of the economics for the project is the cost of fuel oil, and it is recommended
that Bartlett consider the sensitivity analysis in Appendix C that shows how the savings will vary
with changes in fuel oil and wood energy costs.
It is strongly recommended that a key next step for the hospital in pursuing a biomass option be
to verify the wood fuel availability and cost in detail. Wood fuel availability is currently being
evaluated in detail by Alaska’s Division of Forestry. The USFS has provided guidance for fuel
sources and pricing assumptions for use in this report, and the assumptions should be examined
in detail upon completion of the wood resource study by Alaska’s Division of Forestry.
Please note that there are some potential funding opportunities that may be enhanced for CHP
systems, in which case, addition of Alternative 2 or 3 to the overall project could improve
incentive opportunities and project economics.
Capital costs in this report are based on competitive bidding of the project and receiving
multiple competitive bids. This region of Alaska may have limited bidders for this project
depending on the market at the time of bidding, and this should be understood when
considering capital costs. If the project is pursued, it is recommended that a suite of potential
bidders be identified and cultivated well in advance of any bidding.
The following are items for consideration that are unrelated to a biomass option.
The existing boilers are understood by the Hospital to be significantly larger than required for
their current loads, and the load modeling identified this as well. The addition of steam or
feedwater metering and logging would provide useful information regarding overall seasonal
efficiency of the existing boilers to inform future decisions regarding investments in the central
plant infrastructure.
o Hospital staff does an excellent job of tracking boiler operations (daily fuel use, daily
make‐up water use, and key operating parameters), and tuning the boilers on a regular
basis. An O2 trim system and updated boiler control from Cleaver Brooks are being
installed currently which will reduce boiler cycling to improve overall efficiency.
Sub‐metering of key electric loads could be a useful tool for identifying opportunities for energy
and cost savings. Approximately 30% of the electric cost for the Hospital is from demand
charges, and sub‐metering could assist with identifying opportunities for reducing demand
charges.
Preliminary Feasibility Report Version: Final Bartlett Regional Hospital
Date Modified: August 27, 2018 Juneau, Alaska
Fairbanks Economic Development Corporation 29
11.0 ASSUMPTIONS
The key assumptions and values used in this study are presented in Table 15 and Table 16.
Table 15: Key Assumptions and Values
Assumption Value Unit Source
#1 fuel oil higher heating value 135,000 Btu/gal Assumption
#2 fuel oil higher heating value 138,000 Btu/gal Assumption
Fuel oil boiler efficiency 80% percent Assumption
Wood chip moisture content 40% percent Assumption
Wood chip higher heating value 10.0 mmBtu/ton Assumption
Biomass boiler efficiency 70% percent Assumption
Saturated steam enthalpy, 7 psig 1,158 Btu/lb Assumption
Saturated steam enthalpy, 65 psig 1,183 Btu/lb Assumption
Saturated steam enthalpy, 275 psig 1,203 Btu/lb Assumption
Water enthalpy, 212F 180 Btu/lb Assumption
Average 2018 fuel oil cost $2.35 $/gal Records
Average wood chip cost $60 $/ton Assumption
Average electric energy charge 2017 – prior to 8/1/18 $0.0635 $/kWh Records
General inflation rate 2.7% percent Assumption
Real discount rate 3% percent Assumption
Note: The electric rates as of August 1st are $0.0592/kWh (peak) and $0.0555/kWh (off‐peak). The demand
charges are $13.85/kW (peak) and $8.82/kW (off‐peak). NIST 2018 shows a 5% reduction in electric costs by 2019
compared to baseline years, and thus, for the purposes of this report, the year 1 value for electric energy charge
was carried.
Table 16: GHG Assumptions and Values
Assumption Value Unit Source
CO2 emitted during combustion of #2 Oil 73.96 kg/mmBtu EPA
CH4 emitted during combustion of #2 Oil 0.003 kg/mmBtu EPA
N2O emitted during combustion of #2 Oil 0.0006 kg/mmBtu EPA
CO2 emitted during combustion of Wood 93.8 kg/mmBtu The Climate Registry
CH4 emitted during combustion of Wood 0.0093 kg/mmBtu The Climate Registry
N2O emitted during combustion of Wood 0.0059 kg/mmBtu The Climate Registry
CO2 emitted due to use of Electricity (includes line losses) 0.24 kg/kWh EPA
CH4 emitted due to use of Electricity (includes line losses) 0.000011 kg/kWh EPA
N2O emitted due to use of Electricity (includes line losses) 0.000002 kg/kWh EPA
CH4 100‐year Global Warming Potential 25 * CO2 IPCC
N2O 100‐year Global Warming Potential 298 * CO2 IPCC
12.0 FOREST CONDITIONS & FUEL AVAILABILITY
The Alaska Department of Natural Resources, Division of Forestry, is completing a study of the wood
resource availability for energy in Juneau, AK. The evaluation has focused on three main sources. These
include:
residuals currently being disposed of as a waste product in Juneau
Preliminary Feasibility Report Version: Final Bartlett Regional Hospital
Date Modified: August 27, 2018 Juneau, Alaska
Fairbanks Economic Development Corporation 30
resources sustainably available for harvest from lands in and around Juneau that are both
accessible and available
residuals from ongoing or future logging, forest products, or fuel processing efforts in nearby
communities or areas (i.e. Hoonah, Haines, etc.)
The following provides a basic summary of the initial results of the analysis. Please refer to the final
report from Mr. Nudelman for full details of the analysis. The Bartlett Hospital could use on the order of
3,200 green tons of wood residuals annually.
Wood Residuals Disposed of in Juneau: There are several main sources of residuals that are currently
generated in Juneau that are potentially available for wood energy. These include power line
maintenance, general road and public infrastructure maintenance, and land clearing. The general
finding from the study to date is that there are approximately 2,000 green tons (gross) of wood residuals
generated annually in the form of chips or grindings in the Juneau area. These are either given away,
disposed of at the “Stump Dump”, left onsite, or burned onsite. The major sources of these chips are
identified as Carlos Tree Service and Clark’s Tree Service. There are non‐chipped land clearing and other
infrastructure maintenance residuals that are taken to the Stump Dump. It is reported that there are
20,000 cy per year of wood residuals disposed of there in total. There may also be a significant amount
of roundwood or logs that are decked or left on development sites. This volume is difficult to quantify,
but could be accessed if there was an operation that had a chipper or grinder that could handle up to
24” logs. Land clearing for development has been occurring at a reasonably consistent pace according
to sources surveyed.
Sustainable Harvest of Local Wood Energy: There are three main land owners in the Juneau area that
have accessible and available areas that could potentially be sustainably harvested for the purposes of
wood energy on an ongoing basis. These are Goldbelt Corporation, Alaska Mental Health Trust, and the
City and Borough of Juneau. The lands of each were analyzed to determine what was accessible and
available for sustainable harvesting. Accessible and available refers to sites not restricted from
harvesting (i.e. not in a trust or easement restricting use), and accessible only when considering use of
conventional ground logging and skidding methods (i.e. road accessible, not over 35% slope, and not
requiring cabling). The three land owners have approximately 4,200 acres of available and accessible
forest land, with CBJ having the highest total of about 3,100 acres. If no other sources were considered,
selective and sustainable harvesting would need to be performed on approximately 50 acres annually to
serve the hospital need of 3,200 green tons per year. There is currently limited logging activity in
Juneau, and the cost or feasibility of this type of sustainable harvesting operation has not yet been
evaluated.
Residuals from the Southeast Region: There are small forest products operations in nearby
communities in Southeast. Icy Straits Lumber in Hoonah produces green chips as a byproduct of their
operations. The annual volume available is on the order of 400,000 board feet or approximately 750
green tons. Haines Borough is currently pursuing purchase of a grinder or chipper that will handle up to
24” logs in order to process roundwood for use in boilers for heating. There is also a large 10‐year
timber sale by the U of A under consideration near Haines. If this comes to fruition, new access to the
Haines State Forest will be inevitable, resulting in new State sales. This combination of processing
infrastructure, and the potential to procure roundwood as a by‐product of a timber sale offers
significant potential for obtaining wood residuals for energy.
It is strongly recommended that a key next step for the hospital in pursuing a biomass option be to
verify the wood fuel availability and cost in detail. As identified, wood fuel availability is currently being
evaluated in detail by Alaska’s Division of Forestry, and the final results of this effort should be reviewed
in detail. The USFS has provided guidance for fuel sources and pricing assumptions for use in this report,
Preliminary Feasibility Report Version: Final Bartlett Regional Hospital
Date Modified: August 27, 2018 Juneau, Alaska
Fairbanks Economic Development Corporation 31
and pricing assumptions should be examined in detail upon completion of the wood resource study by
Alaska’s Division of Forestry.
13.0 BIOMASS TECHNOLOGY
This section describes the basic technologies available for the type of facility analyzed in this report.
13.1 BIOMASS‐FIRED STEAM BOILERS
Biomass steam boilers of the style presented in this study are package or modular style boilers, typically
sized in the range of 3 – 25 mmBtu/hr. Systems at this size range are well suited for medium to large
scale operations, like hospitals, schools, and industrial applications. These systems are designed to
handle a wide range of wood fuels, with acceptable moisture contents generally ranging from 10 – 55%.
Acceptable wood sources could be either bole or whole tree chips, trimmings, mill residuals, or even
bark. Biomass boiler sizing is vital to optimal performance. Typical systems will turn down to 20% or
25% of the rated output capacity. Below this point, boiler efficiency and emissions can suffer
significantly. Biomass boilers do not need to be sized to cover intermittent peak demands to maximize
their benefit, provided there is additional heating capacity available. Over‐sizing biomass boilers relative
to steam loads should be avoided.
The general layout of modern systems consists of a wood storage and handling/metering system,
combustion chamber, boiler, and an emissions control system. Wood fuels are stored in an at‐grade or
below‐grade bunker with an automated reclaim system, which extracts wood from the floor of the
bunker to a conveyor system. Conveyance systems can be equipped with screening capabilities, which
remove oversized piece from the wood fuel stream. The wood fuel is supplied to the metering bin, from
which wood is fed into the combustion chamber by a stoker auger. The system meters wood
proportionally to the steam load to maintain performance. The stoker and metering system is equipped
with fire suppression equipment, which activate upon detection of elevated temperatures within the
metering system.
The combustion chamber consists of heat retaining refractory walls and roof, and a perforated grate
system, which allows for air flow through the fuel bed. Grate systems can be fixed, requiring ash to be
raked to the collection system on a regular basis, or a reciprocating, stepped system which automatically
push ash to the ash collection system for removal. Once the wood fuel enters the combustion chamber,
it goes through a multi‐stage combustion process. The first major step is the evaporation of any
moisture content within the wood fuel. The solid wood fuel is then converted to combustible gases
through a pyrolysis and gasification process. Finally, the combustible gases and remaining carbon are
oxidized, or combusted, converting the potential energy into usable heat. Sufficient oxygen or air flow,
residence time, and temperature are critical for complete conversion of wood energy and minimization
of emissions. Modern combustion systems provide staged air flow and sufficiently large combustion
zones to create optimal conditions for efficient and low‐emission conversion of wood energy to heat.
Hot combusted gases pass through a fire‐tube or water‐tube boiler, transferring heat to the pressurized
water section and generating steam for use in the facility. The flue gases exit the boiler and pass
through an emissions control system, where heavy particulate is removed from the flue, before exiting
the stack.
The most common emission control technologies used at this scale are cyclones or multi‐clones,
baghouses, and electrostatic precipitators (ESPs). Cyclones and multi‐clones use centrifugal force to
separate particulate from the flue gases. The flue stream enters the cyclone body at high velocity, and
heavier particulate drops out of the bottom of the cyclone while the cleaned gases exit through the top,
removing 60 – 90% of all particulate. Baghouses utilize a fabric filter to remove particulate, and can
Preliminary Feasibility Report Version: Final Bartlett Regional Hospital
Date Modified: August 27, 2018 Juneau, Alaska
Fairbanks Economic Development Corporation 32
remove up to 99% of particulate matter. Baghouses are often staged after a cyclone unit, which
removes larger particles first and lessens fire hazard potential. ESPs utilize electric fields to remove
particulate from the flue gas to collector plates. ESPs operate by first imparting a positive charge on
particulate matter and then passing the stream by a series of negatively charged plates, collecting the
particles. ESPs can remove up to 99% of particulate matter.
13.2 BACKPRESSURE STEAM TURBINES
A backpressure steam turbine converts the thermal energy of steam into mechanical energy through the
use of a rotary turbine. High pressure steam enters the turbine through a nozzle where it is expanded
(pressure reduced) and exits at high velocity against the turbine blades, turning the rotor. Exhaust
steam pressure is controlled to satisfy the requirements of downstream demands. In the case of
saturated steam, a small percentage condenses in the process, and is returned to the boiler. Steam
turbines can be used for several applications, including driving an electric generator to produce
electricity.
For combined heat and power (CHP) applications with biomass energy of the scale considered here, it is
important that the use of backpressure steam turbine be thermally‐led. This means that the steam flow
through the turbine is proportional to the steam demand for thermal applications. This allows for all of
the thermal energy in the exhaust steam to be utilized, improving overall efficiency of the CHP system,
and generating electricity economically. For electrically‐led systems, steam in excess of the thermal
demand must be condensed, and the thermal energy is wasted. Operating a steam turbine‐generator in
this manner does not make sense economically in the vast majority of cases at the scale considered
here.
A common application of backpressure steam turbines is as a substitute for pressure reducing valves or
stations (PRVs). PRVs are used to reduce steam pressure in cases where it is produced at a higher
pressure than that required by its end user. This is often the case in situations where there are multiple
end uses that require steam at different pressures. A backpressure steam turbine and generator can be
used to perform the same function as the PRVs while producing some electrical power.
Preliminary Feasibility Report Version: Final Bartlett Regional Hospital
Date Modified: August 27, 2018 Juneau, Alaska
Fairbanks Economic Development Corporation
Appendix A
Site / Building Layouts and Connection Schematics
A.1: Site Plan
A.2: Boiler Plant Elevation View
A.3: Boiler Plant Layout
A.4: Option 1 – Connection Schematic
A.5: Alternative 1 – Connection Schematic
A.6: Alternative 2 – Connection Schematic
A.7: Alternative 3 – Connection Schematic
SCALE
Feet
50 0 25 50
For Reference:
WB-65
20-yd Dump Wilson & Wilson Engineering Services, Corp.Date:Site LayoutBartlett Regional HospitalA.1 7/24/2018Note: Identified site layout shows one potential option for
accommodating a central plant that is approximately 2,900 ft2. This
specific location would require relocation of a small bulk commodity
storage area and a storage shed, as well as coordination with any
future renovations to the neighboring facility. Other options exist in
and around the Bartlett site, and the most beneficial option should
be identified through additional coordination with hospital
stakeholders.
The access is adequate for the larger possible trucks that could be
used for delivery. A WB-65 truck (50' trailer) is able to make the
turns shown to access the site. Access will also be adequate for
standard dump trucks.
26'
33'-6"
Note: Building height is needed to accommodate delivery
by dump trucks as well as walking floor trailers.
This drawing is a conceptual drawing for the purposes of
showing a general biomass system arrangement. Equipment
selection, sizing, and arrangement will vary depending on the
engineer, manufacturer and contractor installing the biomass
system.Wilson & Wilson Engineering Services, Corp.Date:Biomass Plant Elevation ViewBartlett Regional HospitalA.2 7/24/2018
ElectrostaticPrecipitatorBiomassBoilerStackAncillaryEquipmentOversBin65'
45'
Elev: -10'-0"
Elev: 0'-0"SteamTurbine(Alt 3)Elev: -14'-0"
Elev: 0'-0"
Elev: 0'-0"
Note: This drawing is a conceptual drawing for the purposes of
showing a general biomass system arrangement. Equipment
selection, sizing, and arrangement will vary depending on the
engineer, manufacturer and contractor installing the biomass
system. Please note that other automated wood reclaim
equipment could also be installed with this type of building
arrangement such as a traveling auger.Wilson & Wilson Engineering Services, Corp.Date:Biomass Plant LayoutBartlett Regional HospitalA.3 7/24/2018
Notes:
1.This drawing is a conceptual layout for the purposes of showing
biomass system options.
2.Final design and layout will change based on equipment selected,
designer, and site conditions.
Option 1 - Connection Schematic
Sequence of Operations:
1.The 6.0 mmBtu/hr biomass boiler will be controlled to provide a 65 psig supply steam to the main header in the
central plant.
2.One of the existing fuel oil boilers will be operated in standby mode, maintaining a pressure range of 55 - 60
psig. The second fuel oil boiler would be disabled.
CB-2
16.7 mmBtu/hr
Fuel Oil
Boiler
CB-1
16.7 mmBtu/hr
Fuel Oil
Boiler
Condensate
Return Tank
Deaerator
Tank
PRV
PRV
65 psig Steam
7 psig Steam
to Higher Pressure
Steam Loads
to Lower Pressure
Steam Loads
65 psig Steam
from Biomass
Boiler Plant
Low Pressure
Steam
6.0
mmBtu/hr
Biomass
Boiler
Condensate
Return Tank
Condensate Return
to Central Plant
Condensate Return
Feed Water from
Central Plant
Deaerator Tank
65 psig Steam to
Central Plant
Steam Header
65 psig Steam
Boiler Feed Pump
Existing Central Plant
Condensate Return
from Biomass Plant
to Biomass
Boiler Plant
Existing Condensate
Return
Biomass Boiler Plant Wilson & Wilson Engineering Services, Corp.Date:Option 1 - Connection SchematicBartlett Regional HospitalA.4 7/24/2018
Alternative 1 - Connection Schematic
Notes:
1.This drawing is a conceptual layout for the purposes of showing
biomass system options.
2.Final design and layout will change based on equipment selected,
designer, and site conditions.
Sequence of Operations:
1.The 6.0 mmBtu/hr biomass boiler will be controlled to provide a 65 psig supply steam to the main header in the
central plant.
2.One of the existing fuel oil boilers will be operated in standby mode, maintaining a pressure range of 55 - 60
psig. The second fuel oil boiler would be disabled.
3.Control valve V1 will open to allow steam to flow to the heat exchanger to maintain the supply temperature set
point when flow is present. P1 will be sited in and provide hot water to the Wildflower Court boiler room. The
pump's VFD will vary the flow to maintain the set point temperature for Wildflower Court.
CB-2
16.7 mmBtu/hr
Fuel Oil
Boiler
CB-1
16.7 mmBtu/hr
Fuel Oil
Boiler
Deaerator
Tank
P1
PRV
PRV
Steam-to-Hot Water
Heat Exchanger
65 psig Steam
7 psig Steam
to Condensate
Return Tank
to Higher Pressure
Steam Loads
to Lower Pressure
Steam Loads
Low Pressure
Steam
65 psig Steam
Hot Water Return from
Nursing Care Facility
VFDV1Condensate
Return Tank
Existing Central Plant
6.0
mmBtu/hr
Biomass
Boiler
Condensate
Return Tank
Condensate Return
to Central Plant
Condensate Return
Feed Water from
Central Plant
Deaerator Tank
65 psig Steam to
Central Plant
Steam Header
to Biomass
Boiler Plant
65 psig Steam
from Biomass
Boiler Plant
Condensate Return
from Biomass Plant
Existing Condensate
Return
T1Hot Water Supply to
Nursing Care Facility
Biomass Boiler Plant Wilson & Wilson Engineering Services, Corp.Date:Alternative 1 - Connection SchematicBartlett Regional HospitalA.5 7/24/2018
Option 3 - Connection Schematic
Notes:
1. This drawing is a conceptual layout for the purposes of showing
biomass system options.
2. Final design and layout will change based on equipment selected,
designer, and site conditions.
Sequence of Operations:
1. The 6.0 mmBtu/hr biomass boiler will be controlled to provide a 65 psig supply steam to the main header in the
central plant.
2. One of the existing fuel oil boilers will be operated in standby mode, maintaining a pressure range of 55 - 60
psig. The second fuel oil boiler would be disabled.
3. Steam will be supplied from the header to a 50 kW backpressure steam turbine. The turbine will maintain an
exhaust steam pressure of 7 psig. A valve will be operated to allow steam to bypass the turbine to a pressure
reducing valve when steam loads are not sufficient to operate the turbine.
CB-2
16.7 mmBtu/hr
Fuel Oil
Boiler
CB-1
16.7 mmBtu/hr
Fuel Oil
Boiler
Deaerator
Tank
50 kW
Backpressure
Turbine
Low
Flow
Bypass
PRV
PRV
65 psig Steam
7 psig Steam
65 psig Steam 7 psig Steam
to Higher Pressure
Steam Loads
to Lower Pressure
Steam Loads
Low Pressure
Steam
65 psig Steam
Condensate
Return Tank
Existing Central Plant
Biomass Boiler Plant
6.0
mmBtu/hr
Biomass
Boiler
Condensate
Return Tank
Condensate Return
to Central Plant
Condensate Return
Feed Water from
Central Plant
Deaerator Tank
70 psig Steam to
Central Plant
Steam Header
to Biomass
Boiler Plant
65 psig Steam
from Biomass
Boiler Plant
Condensate Return
from Biomass Plant
Existing Condensate
Return Wilson & Wilson Engineering Services, Corp.Date:Option 3 - Connection SchematicBartlett Regional HospitalA.6 7/24/2018
Alternative 3 - Connection Schematic
Notes:
1.This drawing is a conceptual layout for the purposes of showing
biomass system options.
2.Final design and layout will change based on equipment selected,
designer, and site conditions.
Sequence of Operations:
1.The 6.0 mmBtu/hr biomass boiler will be controlled to provide a 275 psig supply steam to a backpressure
steam turbine. The turbine will maintain an exhaust steam pressure of 65 psig, supplied to the main header in
the central plant. A valve will be operated to allow steam to bypass the turbine to a pressure reducing valve
when steam loads are not sufficient to operate the turbine.
2.One of the existing fuel oil boilers will be operated in standby mode, maintaining a pressure range of 55 - 60
psig. The second fuel oil boiler would be disabled.
CB-2
16.7 mmBtu/hr
Fuel Oil
Boiler
CB-1
16.7 mmBtu/hr
Fuel Oil
Boiler
Deaerator
Tank
PRV
PRV
65 psig Steam
7 psig Steam
to Higher Pressure
Steam Loads
to Lower Pressure
Steam Loads
Low Pressure
Steam
to Biomass
Boiler Plant
65 psig Steam
Condensate
Return Tank
Existing Central Plant
6.0
mmBtu/hr
Biomass
Boiler
Condensate
Return Tank
Condensate Return
to Central Plant
Condensate Return
Feed Water from
Central Plant
Deaerator Tank
65 psig Steam
from Biomass
Boiler Plant
Condensate Return
from Biomass Plant
Existing Condensate
Return
Biomass Boiler Plant
50 kW
Backpressure
Turbine
PRV
65 psig Steam to
Central Plant
Steam Header Wilson & Wilson Engineering Services, Corp.Date:Alternative 3 - Connection SchematicBartlett Regional HospitalA.7 7/24/2018
Preliminary Feasibility Report Version: Final Bartlett Regional Hospital
Date Modified: August 27, 2018 Juneau, Alaska
Fairbanks Economic Development Corporation
Appendix B
Capital Cost Estimates
B.1: Option 1 – Capital Cost Estimate
B.2: Alternative 1 – Capital Cost Estimate
B.3: Alternative 2 – Capital Cost Estimate
B.4: Alternative 3 – Capital Cost Estimate
Appendix B Bartlett Regional Hospital
Juneau, Alaska
Line Item Cost
6.0 mmBtu/hr biomass biomass steam boiler, 150 psig trim, wood handling equipment,
electrostatic precipitator stack, installed 1,050,000$
Sub-Total 1,050,000$
Boiler Manufacturer Bid Bond and Insurance 3% 31,500$
Total Boiler Manufacturer Contract 1,081,500$
Line Item Cost
Site work for biomass plant 120,000$
2,925 ft2 pre-engineered building, including, foundation, slab ($200/sf)585,000$
Concrete walls for wood chip bunkers (65 cy) 42,250$
Balance of plant (mechanical, insulation, controls, electrical, etc.) 260,000$
Underground piping to central plant ($350/lf) 78,750$
Sub-Total 1,086,000$
Contractor bond, insurance, overhead, and profit 25% 271,500$
Total General Contract 1,357,500$
Line Item Cost
Project Sub-Total (Boiler and General Contract) 2,439,000$
Professional Services 3 10% 243,900$
Contingency 10% 268,290$
Total Project Cost 2,951,190$
Notes:
2 - Costs are approximate. Estimate is based on competitive bidding.
3 - Professional Services includes engineering, permitting, legal, and project management.
1 - Assumes that biomass boiler system and general contract are bid separately. Assumes the biomass boiler is a
fixed-grate stoker system. Including project contingencies, ADD approximately $300,000 - $400,000 for a
moving-grate system with fully-automated ash removal.
Capital Cost Estimate
Option 1 - Biomass Boiler Serving Hospital
Biomass Boiler Contract1
General Contract
Total Project Cost2
B.1
Appendix B Bartlett Regional Hospital
Juneau, Alaska
Line Item Cost
6.0 mmBtu/hr biomass biomass steam boiler, 150 psig trim, wood handling equipment,
electrostatic precipitator stack, installed 1,050,000$
Sub-Total 1,050,000$
Boiler Manufacturer Bid Bond and Insurance 3% 31,500$
Total Boiler Manufacturer Contract 1,081,500$
Line Item Cost
Site work for biomass plant 120,000$
2,925 ft2 pre-engineered building, including, foundation, slab ($200/sf)585,000$
Concrete walls for wood chip bunkers (65 cy) 42,250$
Balance of plant (mechanical, insulation, controls, electrical, etc.) 280,000$
Underground piping to central plant ($350/lf) 78,750$
Underground piping to Wildflower Court ($250/lf) 93,750$
Connection costs at Wildflower Court boiler room 20,000$
Sub-Total 1,219,750$
Contractor bond, insurance, overhead, and profit 25% 304,938$
Total General Contract 1,524,688$
Line Item Cost
Project Sub-Total (Boiler and General Contract) 2,606,188$
Professional Services 3 10% 260,619$
Contingency 10% 286,681$
Total Project Cost 3,153,487$
Notes:
2 - Costs are approximate. Estimate is based on competitive bidding.
3 - Professional Services includes engineering, permitting, legal, and project management.
1 - Assumes that biomass boiler system and general contract are bid separately. Assumes the biomass boiler is a
fixed-grate stoker system. Including project contingencies, ADD approximately $300,000 - $400,000 for a
moving-grate system with fully-automated ash removal.
Capital Cost Estimate
Alternative 1 - Connection to Wildflower Court
Biomass Boiler Contract1
General Contract
Total Project Cost2
B.2
Appendix B Bartlett Regional Hospital
Juneau, Alaska
Line Item Cost
6.0 mmBtu/hr biomass biomass steam boiler, 150 psig trim, wood handling equipment,
electrostatic precipitator stack, installed 1,050,000$
Sub-Total 1,050,000$
Boiler Manufacturer Bid Bond and Insurance 3% 31,500$
Total Boiler Manufacturer Contract 1,081,500$
Line Item Cost
Site work for biomass plant 120,000$
2,925 ft2 pre-engineered building, including, foundation, slab ($200/sf)585,000$
Concrete walls for wood chip bunkers (65 cy) 42,250$
Balance of plant (mechanical, insulation, controls, electrical, etc.) 260,000$
Underground piping to central plant ($350/lf) 78,750$
50 kW backpressure steam turbine and generator (installed) 175,000$
Turbine plumbing, controls, electrical interconnection, mechanical room 160,000$
Sub-Total 1,421,000$
Contractor bond, insurance, overhead, and profit 25% 355,250$
Total General Contract 1,776,250$
Line Item Cost
Project Sub-Total (Boiler and General Contract) 2,857,750$
Professional Services 3 10% 285,775$
Contingency 10% 314,353$
Total Project Cost 3,457,878$
Notes:
2 - Costs are approximate. Estimate is based on competitive bidding.
3 - Professional Services includes engineering, permitting, legal, and project management.
1 - Assumes that biomass boiler system and general contract are bid separately. Assumes the biomass boiler is a
fixed-grate stoker system. Including project contingencies, ADD approximately $300,000 - $400,000 for a
moving-grate system with fully-automated ash removal.
Capital Cost Estimate
Alternative 2 - Bartlett Central Plant Combined Heat & Power
Biomass Boiler Contract1
General Contract
Total Project Cost2
B.3
Appendix B Bartlett Regional Hospital
Juneau, Alaska
Line Item Cost
6.0 mmBtu/hr biomass biomass steam boiler, 300 psig trim, wood handling equipment,
electrostatic precipitator stack, installed 1,075,000$
Sub-Total 1,075,000$
Boiler Manufacturer Bid Bond and Insurance 3% 32,250$
Total Boiler Manufacturer Contract 1,107,250$
Line Item Cost
Site work for biomass plant 120,000$
2,925 ft2 pre-engineered building, including, foundation, slab ($200/sf)585,000$
Concrete walls for wood chip bunkers (65 cy) 42,250$
Balance of plant (mechanical, insulation, controls, electrical, etc.) 260,000$
Underground piping to central plant ($350/lf) 78,750$
60 kW backpressure steam turbine and generator (installed) 185,000$
Turbine plumbing, controls, electrical interconnection, parallel PRV station 170,000$
Sub-Total 1,441,000$
Contractor bond, insurance, overhead, and profit 25% 360,250$
Total General Contract 1,801,250$
Line Item Cost
Project Sub-Total (Boiler and General Contract) 2,908,500$
Professional Services 3 10% 290,850$
Contingency 10% 319,935$
Total Project Cost 3,519,285$
Notes:
2 - Costs are approximate. Estimate is based on competitive bidding.
3 - Professional Services includes engineering, permitting, legal, and project management.
1 - Assumes that biomass boiler system and general contract are bid separately. Assumes the biomass boiler is a
fixed-grate stoker system. Including project contingencies, ADD approximately $300,000 - $400,000 for a
moving-grate system with fully-automated ash removal.
Capital Cost Estimate
Alternative 3 - Biomass Boiler Plant Combined Heat & Power
Biomass Boiler Contract1
General Contract
Total Project Cost2
B.4
Preliminary Feasibility Report Version: Final Bartlett Regional Hospital
Date Modified: August 27, 2018 Juneau, Alaska
Fairbanks Economic Development Corporation
Appendix C
Cash Flow and Sensitivity Analyses
C.1: Option 1 – Fuel Cost Sensitivity Analysis
C.2: Alternative 1 – Fuel Cost Sensitivity Analysis
C.3: Alternative 2 – Fuel Cost Sensitivity Analysis
C.4: Alternative 3 – Fuel Cost Sensitivity Analysis
C.5: Option 1 – 20‐Year Cash Flow Analysis
C.6: Alternative 1 – 20‐Year Cash Flow Analysis
C.7: Alternative 2 – 20‐Year Cash Flow Analysis
C.8: Alternative 3 – 20‐Year Cash Flow Analysis
C.9: Annual Supplement to NIST Handbook 135 – Table Ca‐4: Projected fuel price
indices (excluding general inflation), by end‐use sector and fuel type. Census Region
4
Appendix CSensitivity AnalysesOption 1 - Biomass Boiler Serving HospitalBartlett Regional HospitalJuneau, Alaska242,359$ $1.00 $1.50 $2.00 $2.35 $2.50 $3.00 $3.50 $4.00$30$71,578 $169,210 $266,842 $335,185 $364,474 $462,106 $559,738$657,370$40$40,636 $138,268 $235,900 $304,243 $333,532 $431,164 $528,796$626,428$50$9,694 $107,326 $204,958 $273,301 $302,590 $400,222 $497,854$595,486$60($21,248) $76,384 $174,016 $242,359 $271,648 $369,280 $466,912$564,544$70($52,190) $45,442 $143,074 $211,417 $240,706 $338,338 $435,970$533,603$80($83,132) $14,500 $112,132 $180,475 $209,764 $307,396 $405,028$502,661$90($114,074) ($16,442) $81,190 $149,533 $178,822 $276,454 $374,087$471,719$100($145,016) ($47,384) $50,248 $118,591 $147,880 $245,513 $343,145$440,777$110($175,958) ($78,326) $19,306 $87,649 $116,939 $214,571 $312,203$409,835$120($206,900) ($109,268) ($11,635) $56,707 $85,997 $183,629 $281,261$378,893$130($237,842) ($140,209) ($42,577) $25,765 $55,055 $152,687 $250,319$347,951$140($268,784) ($171,151) ($73,519) ($5,177) $24,113 $121,745 $219,377$317,009$150($299,725) ($202,093) ($104,461) ($36,119) ($6,829) $90,803 $188,435$286,0673,768,707$ $1.00 $1.50 $2.00 $2.35 $2.50 $3.00 $3.50 $4.00$30($431,557) $1,650,928 $3,733,413 $5,191,153 $5,815,898 $7,898,384 $9,980,869$12,063,354$40($905,706) $1,176,779 $3,259,265 $4,717,004 $5,341,750 $7,424,235 $9,506,720$11,589,206$50($1,379,855) $702,631 $2,785,116 $4,242,856 $4,867,601 $6,950,087 $9,032,572$11,115,057$60($1,854,003) $228,482 $2,310,968 $3,768,707 $4,393,453 $6,475,938 $8,558,423$10,640,909$70($2,328,152) ($245,666) $1,836,819 $3,294,559 $3,919,304 $6,001,790 $8,084,275$10,166,760$80($2,802,300) ($719,815) $1,362,670 $2,820,410 $3,445,156 $5,527,641 $7,610,126$9,692,612$90($3,276,449) ($1,193,963) $888,522 $2,346,262 $2,971,007 $5,053,493 $7,135,978$9,218,463$100($3,750,597) ($1,668,112) $414,373 $1,872,113 $2,496,859 $4,579,344 $6,661,829$8,744,315$110($4,224,746) ($2,142,260) ($59,775) $1,397,965 $2,022,710 $4,105,195$6,187,681$8,270,166$120($4,698,894) ($2,616,409) ($533,924) $923,816 $1,548,562 $3,631,047 $5,713,532$7,796,018$130($5,173,043) ($3,090,557) ($1,008,072) $449,668 $1,074,413 $3,156,898 $5,239,384$7,321,869$140($5,647,191) ($3,564,706) ($1,482,221) ($24,481) $600,265 $2,682,750$4,765,235$6,847,720$150($6,121,340) ($4,038,854) ($1,956,369) ($498,630) $126,116 $2,208,601 $4,291,087$6,373,572Price of Fuel Oil ($/gallon)Price of Wood Chips ($/ton)First Year Net Operating Savings Sensitivity Analysis20-Year Net Present Value Sensitivity AnalysisPrice of Fuel Oil ($/gallon)Price of Wood Chips ($/ton)C.1
Appendix CSensitivity AnalysesAlternative 1 - Connection to Wildflower CourtBartlett Regional HospitalJuneau, Alaska275,044$ $1.00 $1.50 $2.00 $2.35 $2.50 $3.00 $3.50 $4.00$30$82,976 $193,064 $303,151 $380,212 $413,238 $523,325 $633,412$743,499$40$47,920 $158,008 $268,095 $345,156 $378,182 $488,269 $598,356$708,443$50$12,865 $122,952 $233,039 $310,100 $343,126 $453,213 $563,300$673,387$60($22,191) $87,896 $197,983 $275,044 $308,070 $418,157 $528,244$638,331$70($57,247) $52,840 $162,927 $239,988 $273,014 $383,101 $493,188$603,275$80($92,303) $17,784 $127,871 $204,932 $237,958 $348,045 $458,132$568,220$90($127,359) ($17,272) $92,815 $169,876 $202,902 $312,989 $423,076$533,164$100($162,415) ($52,328) $57,759 $134,820 $167,846 $277,933 $388,021$498,108$110($197,471) ($87,384) $22,703 $99,764 $132,790 $242,877 $352,965$463,052$120($232,527) ($122,440) ($12,353) $64,708 $97,734 $207,821 $317,909$427,996$130($267,583) ($157,496) ($47,409) $29,652 $62,678 $172,766 $282,853$392,940$140($302,639) ($192,552) ($82,465) ($5,404) $27,622 $137,710 $247,797$357,884$150($337,695) ($227,608) ($117,521) ($40,460) ($7,433) $102,654$212,741$322,8284,418,864$ $1.00 $1.50 $2.00 $2.35 $2.50 $3.00 $3.50 $4.00$30($309,575) $2,038,577 $4,386,728 $6,030,435 $6,734,880 $9,083,032 $11,431,184$13,779,336$40($846,766) $1,501,386 $3,849,538 $5,493,244 $6,197,690 $8,545,842 $10,893,993$13,242,145$50($1,383,956) $964,196 $3,312,348 $4,956,054 $5,660,500 $8,008,651 $10,356,803$12,704,955$60($1,921,146) $427,006 $2,775,158 $4,418,864 $5,123,309 $7,471,461 $9,819,613$12,167,765$70($2,458,336) ($110,184) $2,237,967 $3,881,674 $4,586,119 $6,934,271 $9,282,423$11,630,575$80($2,995,526) ($647,375) $1,700,777 $3,344,483 $4,048,929 $6,397,081 $8,745,233$11,093,384$90($3,532,717) ($1,184,565) $1,163,587 $2,807,293 $3,511,739 $5,859,890 $8,208,042$10,556,194$100($4,069,907) ($1,721,755) $626,397 $2,270,103 $2,974,548 $5,322,700 $7,670,852$10,019,004$110($4,607,097) ($2,258,945) $89,206 $1,732,913 $2,437,358 $4,785,510 $7,133,662$9,481,814$120($5,144,287) ($2,796,136) ($447,984) $1,195,722 $1,900,168 $4,248,320 $6,596,472$8,944,623$130($5,681,478) ($3,333,326) ($985,174) $658,532 $1,362,978 $3,711,130 $6,059,281$8,407,433$140($6,218,668) ($3,870,516) ($1,522,364) $121,342 $825,787 $3,173,939 $5,522,091$7,870,243$150($6,755,858) ($4,407,706) ($2,059,555) ($415,848) $288,597 $2,636,749 $4,984,901$7,333,05320-Year Net Present Value Sensitivity AnalysisPrice of Fuel Oil ($/gallon)Price of Wood Chips ($/ton)First Year Net Operating Savings Sensitivity AnalysisPrice of Fuel Oil ($/gallon)Price of Wood Chips ($/ton)C.2
Appendix CSensitivity AnalysesAlternative 2 - Bartlett Central Plant Combined Heat PowerBartlett Regional HospitalJuneau, Alaska251,978$ $1.00 $1.50 $2.00 $2.35 $2.50 $3.00 $3.50 $4.00$30$84,788 $182,420 $280,052 $348,395 $377,684 $475,317 $572,949$670,581$40$52,649 $150,281 $247,913 $316,256 $345,546 $443,178 $540,810$638,442$50$20,510 $118,142 $215,775 $284,117 $313,407 $411,039 $508,671$606,303$60($11,629) $86,003 $183,636 $251,978 $281,268 $378,900 $476,532$574,164$70($43,768) $53,865 $151,497 $219,839 $249,129 $346,761 $444,393$542,025$80($75,906) $21,726 $119,358 $187,700 $216,990 $314,622 $412,254$509,886$90($108,045) ($10,413) $87,219 $155,561 $184,851 $282,483 $380,115$477,747$100($140,184) ($42,552) $55,080 $123,422 $152,712 $250,344 $347,976$445,608$110($172,323) ($74,691) $22,941 $91,283 $120,573 $218,205 $315,837$413,469$120($204,462) ($106,830) ($9,198) $59,144 $88,434 $186,066 $283,698$381,330$130($236,601) ($138,969) ($41,337) $27,005 $56,295 $153,927 $251,559$349,191$140($268,740) ($171,108) ($73,476) ($5,134) $24,156 $121,788 $219,420$317,052$150($300,879) ($203,247) ($105,615) ($37,273) ($7,983) $89,649 $187,281$284,9133,417,480$ $1.00 $1.50 $2.00 $2.35 $2.50 $3.00 $3.50 $4.00$30($727,757) $1,354,728 $3,437,213 $4,894,953 $5,519,698 $7,602,184 $9,684,669$11,767,154$40($1,220,249) $862,237 $2,944,722 $4,402,462 $5,027,207 $7,109,693 $9,192,178$11,274,663$50($1,712,740) $369,746 $2,452,231 $3,909,971 $4,534,716 $6,617,202 $8,699,687$10,782,172$60($2,205,231) ($122,745) $1,959,740 $3,417,480 $4,042,225 $6,124,710 $8,207,196$10,289,681$70($2,697,722) ($615,237) $1,467,249 $2,924,988 $3,549,734 $5,632,219 $7,714,705$9,797,190$80($3,190,213) ($1,107,728) $974,758 $2,432,497 $3,057,243 $5,139,728 $7,222,213$9,304,699$90($3,682,704) ($1,600,219) $482,266 $1,940,006 $2,564,752 $4,647,237 $6,729,722$8,812,208$100($4,175,195) ($2,092,710) ($10,225) $1,447,515 $2,072,261 $4,154,746$6,237,231$8,319,717$110($4,667,686) ($2,585,201) ($502,716) $955,024 $1,579,770 $3,662,255 $5,744,740$7,827,225$120($5,160,177) ($3,077,692) ($995,207) $462,533 $1,087,278 $3,169,764 $5,252,249$7,334,734$130($5,652,669) ($3,570,183) ($1,487,698) ($29,958) $594,787 $2,677,273$4,759,758$6,842,243$140($6,145,160) ($4,062,674) ($1,980,189) ($522,449) $102,296 $2,184,781 $4,267,267$6,349,752$150($6,637,651) ($4,555,166) ($2,472,680) ($1,014,941) ($390,195) $1,692,290 $3,774,776$5,857,26120-Year Net Present Value Sensitivity AnalysisPrice of Fuel Oil ($/gallon)Price of Wood Chips ($/ton)First Year Net Operating Savings Sensitivity AnalysisPrice of Fuel Oil ($/gallon)Price of Wood Chips ($/ton)C.3
Appendix CSensitivity AnalysesAlternative 3 - Biomass Boiler Plant Combined Heat PowerBartlett Regional HospitalJuneau, Alaska252,662$ $1.00 $1.50 $2.00 $2.35 $2.50 $3.00 $3.50 $4.00$30$87,567 $185,199 $282,831 $351,173 $380,463 $478,095 $575,727$673,359$40$54,730 $152,362 $249,994 $318,336 $347,626 $445,258 $542,890$640,522$50$21,892 $119,524 $217,156 $285,499 $314,789 $412,421 $510,053$607,685$60($10,945) $86,687 $184,319 $252,662 $281,951 $379,583 $477,215$574,847$70($43,782) $53,850 $151,482 $219,824 $249,114 $346,746 $444,378$542,010$80($76,619) $21,013 $118,645 $186,987 $216,277 $313,909 $411,541$509,173$90($109,457) ($11,825) $85,807 $154,150 $183,440 $281,072 $378,704$476,336$100($142,294) ($44,662) $52,970 $121,313 $150,602 $248,234 $345,866$443,498$110($175,131) ($77,499) $20,133 $88,475 $117,765 $215,397 $313,029$410,661$120($207,968) ($110,336) ($12,704) $55,638 $84,928 $182,560 $280,192$377,824$130($240,806) ($143,174) ($45,541) $22,801 $52,091 $149,723 $247,355$344,987$140($273,643) ($176,011) ($78,379) ($10,036) $19,253 $116,885 $214,517$312,149$150($306,480) ($208,848) ($111,216) ($42,874) ($13,584) $84,048 $181,680$279,3123,368,596$ $1.00 $1.50 $2.00 $2.35 $2.50 $3.00 $3.50 $4.00$30($744,540) $1,337,945 $3,420,430 $4,878,170 $5,502,916 $7,585,401 $9,667,886$11,750,372$40($1,247,732) $834,754 $2,917,239 $4,374,979 $4,999,724 $7,082,210 $9,164,695$11,247,180$50($1,750,923) $331,562 $2,414,048 $3,871,787 $4,496,533 $6,579,018 $8,661,503$10,743,989$60($2,254,114) ($171,629) $1,910,856 $3,368,596 $3,993,341 $6,075,827 $8,158,312$10,240,797$70($2,757,306) ($674,821) $1,407,665 $2,865,404 $3,490,150 $5,572,635 $7,655,121$9,737,606$80($3,260,497) ($1,178,012) $904,473 $2,362,213 $2,986,959 $5,069,444 $7,151,929$9,234,414$90($3,763,689) ($1,681,203) $401,282 $1,859,022 $2,483,767 $4,566,252 $6,648,738$8,731,223$100($4,266,880) ($2,184,395) ($101,910) $1,355,830 $1,980,576 $4,063,061 $6,145,546$8,228,032$110($4,770,072) ($2,687,586) ($605,101) $852,639 $1,477,384 $3,559,870 $5,642,355$7,724,840$120($5,273,263) ($3,190,778) ($1,108,292) $349,447 $974,193 $3,056,678 $5,139,164$7,221,649$130($5,776,454) ($3,693,969) ($1,611,484) ($153,744) $471,002 $2,553,487 $4,635,972$6,718,457$140($6,279,646) ($4,197,160) ($2,114,675) ($656,935) ($32,190) $2,050,295 $4,132,781$6,215,266$150($6,782,837) ($4,700,352) ($2,617,867) ($1,160,127) ($535,381) $1,547,104 $3,629,589$5,712,07520-Year Net Present Value Sensitivity AnalysisPrice of Fuel Oil ($/gallon)Price of Wood Chips ($/ton)First Year Net Operating Savings Sensitivity AnalysisPrice of Fuel Oil ($/gallon)Price of Wood Chips ($/ton)C.4
Appendix CCash Flow AnalysisOption 1 - Biomass Boiler Serving HospitalBartlett Regional HospitalJuneau, AlaskaExisting System Annual Fuel Oil Cost Annual Wood Chip Cost Annual Fuel Oil Cost Added O&M Cost Value of Electric Generated Project Cost $2,951,190 $1509,856$ 185,652$ 50,986$ 30,860$ -$ 242,359$ (2,701,190)$ (2,458,831)$ Grants Received $250,000 $ 2 525,152$ 185,652$ 52,515$ 30,860$ -$ 256,125$ -$ 248,665$ Project Costs Incurred $2,701,190 $3591,433$ 185,652$ 59,143$ 30,860$ -$ 315,778$ -$ 297,651$ Existing System: Fuel Oil Use216,960 gal/yr 4 642,419$ 185,652$ 64,242$ 30,860$ -$ 361,665$ -$ 330,975$ Biomass System: Wood Chip Use 3,094 ton/yr5662,813$ 185,652$ 66,281$ 30,860$ -$ 380,020$ -$ 337,643$ Biomass System: Fuel Oil Use 21,696 gal/yr 6 678,109$ 185,652$ 67,811$ 30,860$ -$ 393,786$ -$ 339,683$ Biomass System: Added O&M Cost $30,860 $/yr7713,799$ 185,652$ 71,380$ 30,860$ -$ 425,907$ -$ 356,690$ Biomass System: Electric Generation 0 kWh/yr 8 734,193$ 185,652$ 73,419$ 30,860$ -$ 444,262$ -$ 361,226$ 2018 Fuel Oil Price $2.35 $/gal9739,291$ 185,652$ 73,929$ 30,860$ -$ 448,851$ -$ 354,327$ Wood Chip Price $60 $/ton 10 744,390$ 185,652$ 74,439$ 30,860$ -$ 453,439$ -$ 347,523$ 2018 Electricity Price - prior to August 1 $0.06350 $/kWh11754,587$ 185,652$ 75,459$ 30,860$ -$ 462,617$ -$ 344,230$ Modeled Demand Charge Offset Value (2018) 0 $/yr 12 769,883$ 185,652$ 76,988$ 30,860$ -$ 476,383$ -$ 344,149$ Wood Chip Escalation Rate 0.0% percent13774,981$ 185,652$ 77,498$ 30,860$ -$ 480,971$ -$ 337,344$ Real Discount Rate 3.0% percent 14 785,179$ 185,652$ 78,518$ 30,860$ -$ 490,149$ -$ 333,768$ 15795,376$ 185,652$ 79,538$ 30,860$ -$ 499,326$ -$ 330,113$ 16 800,474$ 185,652$ 80,047$ 30,860$ -$ 503,915$ -$ 323,444$ 17810,671$ 185,652$ 81,067$ 30,860$ -$ 513,092$ -$ 319,742$ 18 815,770$ 185,652$ 81,577$ 30,860$ -$ 517,681$ -$ 313,206$ 19815,770$ 185,652$ 81,577$ 30,860$ -$ 517,681$ -$ 304,083$ 20 831,066$ 185,652$ 83,107$ 30,860$ -$ 531,447$ -$ 303,077$ 20-Yr Net Present Value 3,768,707$ Notes:1. All prices are presented in real terms (inflation adjusted).2. Fuel oil and electric costs are escalated based on energy price indices presented in the 2018 Annual Supplement to NIST Handbook 135 - Table Ca-4.3. Wood chip costs are not escalated above the rate of inflation.4. Depreciated value of capital expenditures at end of 20-year period are not considered. Net Operating Savings Capital Expenditures / Avoided Costs Present Value of Cash Flow Input Variables Value Units YearBiomass SystemC.5
Appendix CCash Flow AnalysisAlternative 1 - Connection to Wildflower CourtBartlett Regional HospitalJuneau, AlaskaExisting System Annual Fuel Oil Cost Annual Wood Chip Cost Annual Fuel Oil Cost Added O&M Cost Value of Electric Generated Project Cost $3,153,487 $1574,899$ 210,336$ 57,490$ 32,030$ -$ 275,044$ (2,903,487)$ (2,628,443)$ Grants Received $250,000 $ 2 592,146$ 210,336$ 59,215$ 32,030$ -$ 290,566$ -$ 282,103$ Project Costs Incurred $2,903,487 $3666,883$ 210,336$ 66,688$ 32,030$ -$ 357,829$ -$ 337,289$ Existing System: Fuel Oil Use244,638 gal/yr 4 724,373$ 210,336$ 72,437$ 32,030$ -$ 409,570$ -$ 374,815$ Biomass System: Wood Chip Use 3,506 ton/yr5747,369$ 210,336$ 74,737$ 32,030$ -$ 430,267$ -$ 382,286$ Biomass System: Fuel Oil Use 24,464 gal/yr 6 764,616$ 210,336$ 76,462$ 32,030$ -$ 445,789$ -$ 384,542$ Biomass System: Added O&M Cost $32,030 $/yr7804,859$ 210,336$ 80,486$ 32,030$ -$ 482,008$ -$ 403,674$ Biomass System: Electric Generation 0 kWh/yr 8 827,855$ 210,336$ 82,786$ 32,030$ -$ 502,704$ -$ 408,744$ 2018 Fuel Oil Price $2.35 $/gal9833,604$ 210,336$ 83,360$ 32,030$ -$ 507,878$ -$ 400,924$ Wood Chip Price $60 $/ton 10 839,353$ 210,336$ 83,935$ 32,030$ -$ 513,052$ -$ 393,212$ 2018 Electricity Price - prior to August 1 $0.06350 $/kWh11850,851$ 210,336$ 85,085$ 32,030$ -$ 523,400$ -$ 389,459$ Modeled Demand Charge Offset Value (2018) 0 $/yr 12 868,098$ 210,336$ 86,810$ 32,030$ -$ 538,923$ -$ 389,329$ Wood Chip Escalation Rate 0.0% percent13873,847$ 210,336$ 87,385$ 32,030$ -$ 544,097$ -$ 381,619$ Real Discount Rate 3.0% percent 14 885,345$ 210,336$ 88,535$ 32,030$ -$ 554,445$ -$ 377,550$ 15896,843$ 210,336$ 89,684$ 32,030$ -$ 564,793$ -$ 373,395$ 16 902,592$ 210,336$ 90,259$ 32,030$ -$ 569,967$ -$ 365,840$ 17914,090$ 210,336$ 91,409$ 32,030$ -$ 580,316$ -$ 361,633$ 18 919,839$ 210,336$ 91,984$ 32,030$ -$ 585,490$ -$ 354,231$ 19919,839$ 210,336$ 91,984$ 32,030$ -$ 585,490$ -$ 343,913$ 20 937,086$ 210,336$ 93,709$ 32,030$ -$ 601,012$ -$ 342,749$ 20-Yr Net Present Value 4,418,864$ Notes:1. All prices are presented in real terms (inflation adjusted).2. Fuel oil and electric costs are escalated based on energy price indices presented in the 2018 Annual Supplement to NIST Handbook 135 - Table Ca-4.3. Wood chip costs are not escalated above the rate of inflation.4. Depreciated value of capital expenditures at end of 20-year period are not considered.Input Variables Value Units YearBiomass System Net Operating Savings Capital Expenditures / Avoided Costs Present Value of Cash Flow C.6
Appendix CCash Flow AnalysisAlternative 2 - Bartlett Central Plant Combined Heat PowerBartlett Regional HospitalJuneau, AlaskaExisting System Annual Fuel Oil Cost Annual Wood Chip Cost Annual Fuel Oil Cost Added O&M Cost Value of Electric Generated Project Cost $3,457,878 $1509,856$ 192,834$ 50,986$ 33,440$ 19,381$ 251,978$ (3,207,878)$ (2,955,900)$ Grants Received $250,000 $ 2 525,152$ 192,834$ 52,515$ 33,440$ 18,800$ 265,163$ -$ 257,439$ Project Costs Incurred $3,207,878 $3591,433$ 192,834$ 59,143$ 33,440$ 18,412$ 324,428$ -$ 305,805$ Existing System: Fuel Oil Use216,960 gal/yr 4 642,419$ 192,834$ 64,242$ 33,440$ 18,412$ 370,315$ -$ 338,891$ Biomass System: Wood Chip Use 3,214 ton/yr5662,813$ 192,834$ 66,281$ 33,440$ 18,994$ 389,252$ -$ 345,845$ Biomass System: Fuel Oil Use 21,696 gal/yr 6 678,109$ 192,834$ 67,811$ 33,440$ 19,381$ 403,405$ -$ 347,981$ Biomass System: Added O&M Cost $33,440 $/yr7713,799$ 192,834$ 71,380$ 33,440$ 19,575$ 435,720$ -$ 364,909$ Biomass System: Electric Generation 245,000 kWh/yr 8 734,193$ 192,834$ 73,419$ 33,440$ 19,963$ 454,462$ -$ 369,520$ 2018 Fuel Oil Price $2.35 $/gal9739,291$ 192,834$ 73,929$ 33,440$ 20,350$ 459,439$ -$ 362,685$ Wood Chip Price $60 $/ton 10 744,390$ 192,834$ 74,439$ 33,440$ 20,544$ 464,221$ -$ 355,787$ 2018 Electricity Price - prior to August 1 $0.06350 $/kWh11754,587$ 192,834$ 75,459$ 33,440$ 20,544$ 473,399$ -$ 352,253$ Modeled Demand Charge Offset Value (2018) $3,824 $/yr 12 769,883$ 192,834$ 76,988$ 33,440$ 20,544$ 487,165$ -$ 351,938$ Wood Chip Escalation Rate 0.0% percent13774,981$ 192,834$ 77,498$ 33,440$ 20,738$ 491,947$ -$ 345,042$ Real Discount Rate 3.0% percent 14 785,179$ 192,834$ 78,518$ 33,440$ 20,738$ 501,125$ -$ 341,242$ 15795,376$ 192,834$ 79,538$ 33,440$ 20,738$ 510,302$ -$ 337,370$ 16 800,474$ 192,834$ 80,047$ 33,440$ 20,738$ 514,891$ -$ 330,489$ 17810,671$ 192,834$ 81,067$ 33,440$ 20,738$ 524,068$ -$ 326,582$ 18 815,770$ 192,834$ 81,577$ 33,440$ 20,738$ 528,657$ -$ 319,846$ 19815,770$ 192,834$ 81,577$ 33,440$ 20,738$ 528,657$ -$ 310,530$ 20 831,066$ 192,834$ 83,107$ 33,440$ 20,544$ 542,229$ -$ 309,226$ 20-Yr Net Present Value 3,417,480$ Notes:1. All prices are presented in real terms (inflation adjusted).2. Fuel oil and electric costs are escalated based on energy price indices presented in the 2018 Annual Supplement to NIST Handbook 135 - Table Ca-4.3. Wood chip costs are not escalated above the rate of inflation.4. Depreciated value of capital expenditures at end of 20-year period are not considered.Input Variables Value Units YearBiomass System Net Operating Savings Capital Expenditures / Avoided Costs Present Value of Cash Flow C.7
Appendix CCash Flow AnalysisAlternative 3 - Biomass Boiler Plant Combined Heat PowerBartlett Regional HospitalJuneau, AlaskaExisting System Annual Fuel Oil Cost Annual Wood Chip Cost Annual Fuel Oil Cost Added O&M Cost Value of Electric Generated Project Cost $3,519,285 $1509,856$ 197,023$ 50,986$ 33,490$ 24,305$ 252,662$ (3,269,285)$ (3,016,623)$ Grants Received $250,000 $ 2 525,152$ 197,023$ 52,515$ 33,490$ 23,575$ 265,699$ -$ 257,960$ Project Costs Incurred $3,269,285 $3591,433$ 197,023$ 59,143$ 33,490$ 23,089$ 324,866$ -$ 306,217$ Existing System: Fuel Oil Use216,960 gal/yr 4 642,419$ 197,023$ 64,242$ 33,490$ 23,089$ 370,753$ -$ 339,291$ Biomass System: Wood Chip Use 3,284 ton/yr5662,813$ 197,023$ 66,281$ 33,490$ 23,819$ 389,837$ -$ 346,365$ Biomass System: Fuel Oil Use 21,696 gal/yr 6 678,109$ 197,023$ 67,811$ 33,490$ 24,305$ 404,089$ -$ 348,571$ Biomass System: Added O&M Cost $33,490 $/yr7713,799$ 197,023$ 71,380$ 33,490$ 24,548$ 436,453$ -$ 365,522$ Biomass System: Electric Generation 315,000 kWh/yr 8 734,193$ 197,023$ 73,419$ 33,490$ 25,034$ 455,294$ -$ 370,196$ 2018 Fuel Oil Price $2.35 $/gal9739,291$ 197,023$ 73,929$ 33,490$ 25,520$ 460,369$ -$ 363,419$ Wood Chip Price $60 $/ton 10 744,390$ 197,023$ 74,439$ 33,490$ 25,763$ 465,200$ -$ 356,537$ 2018 Electricity Price - prior to August 1 $0.06350 $/kWh11754,587$ 197,023$ 75,459$ 33,490$ 25,763$ 474,378$ -$ 352,982$ Modeled Demand Charge Offset Value (2018) $4,302 $/yr 12 769,883$ 197,023$ 76,988$ 33,490$ 25,763$ 488,144$ -$ 352,646$ Wood Chip Escalation Rate 0.0% percent13774,981$ 197,023$ 77,498$ 33,490$ 26,006$ 492,976$ -$ 345,763$ Real Discount Rate 3.0% percent 14 785,179$ 197,023$ 78,518$ 33,490$ 26,006$ 502,153$ -$ 341,942$ 15795,376$ 197,023$ 79,538$ 33,490$ 26,006$ 511,331$ -$ 338,050$ 16 800,474$ 197,023$ 80,047$ 33,490$ 26,006$ 515,919$ -$ 331,149$ 17810,671$ 197,023$ 81,067$ 33,490$ 26,006$ 525,097$ -$ 327,223$ 18 815,770$ 197,023$ 81,577$ 33,490$ 26,006$ 529,685$ -$ 320,468$ 19815,770$ 197,023$ 81,577$ 33,490$ 26,006$ 529,685$ -$ 311,134$ 20 831,066$ 197,023$ 83,107$ 33,490$ 25,763$ 543,208$ -$ 309,784$ 20-Yr Net Present Value 3,368,596$ Notes:1. All prices are presented in real terms (inflation adjusted).2. Fuel oil and electric costs are escalated based on energy price indices presented in the 2018 Annual Supplement to NIST Handbook 135 - Table Ca-4.3. Wood chip costs are not escalated above the rate of inflation.4. Depreciated value of capital expenditures at end of 20-year period are not considered.Input Variables Value Units YearBiomass System Net Operating Savings Capital Expenditures / Avoided Costs Present Value of Cash Flow C.8
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This publication is available free of charge from https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.IR.85-3273-33Table Ca4. Projected fuel price indices (excluding general inflation), by enduse sector and fuel type.Census Region 4Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, WyomingProjected April 1 Fuel Price Indices (April 1, 2018 = 1.00)Sector and Fuel2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031 2032 2033ResidentialElectricity 0.99 0.97 0.98 1.00 1.02 1.04 1.06 1.08 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15 1.16Distillate Oil 1.05 1.20 1.31 1.37 1.40 1.42 1.42 1.43 1.44 1.46 1.47 1.49 1.50 1.52 1.53LPG 1.00 1.03 1.06 1.08 1.09 1.15 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.18 1.20 1.21 1.22 1.23 1.24Natural Gas 1.01 1.02 1.02 1.01 1.01 1.10 1.15 1.15 1.16 1.16 1.18 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19CommercialElectricity 0.97 0.95 0.95 0.98 1.00 1.01 1.03 1.05 1.06 1.06 1.06 1.07 1.07 1.07 1.07Distillate Oil 1.03 1.16 1.26 1.30 1.33 1.40 1.44 1.45 1.46 1.48 1.51 1.52 1.54 1.56 1.57Residual Oil 1.02 1.21 1.40 1.52 1.56 1.57 1.57 1.60 1.62 1.65 1.68 1.71 1.74 1.77 1.79Natural Gas 1.03 1.07 1.09 1.11 1.13 1.26 1.31 1.32 1.33 1.33 1.35 1.36 1.36 1.37 1.37Coal 0.98 0.96 0.95 0.94 0.93 0.91 0.91 0.89 0.88 0.87 0.85 0.97 1.02 1.01 1.02IndustrialElectricity 0.93 0.90 0.90 0.92 0.94 0.95 0.98 0.99 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.02 1.02Distillate Oil 1.04 1.17 1.28 1.33 1.37 1.39 1.41 1.42 1.43 1.45 1.47 1.49 1.50 1.52 1.53Residual Oil 0.99 1.14 1.22 1.21 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.19 1.21 1.22 1.25 1.27 1.29 1.31 1.33Natural Gas 1.06 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.16 1.18 1.21 1.23 1.24 1.24 1.25 1.26 1.26 1.26 1.26Coal 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98TransportationMotorGasoline 1.01 1.11 1.19 1.23 1.25 1.32 1.34 1.34 1.35 1.36 1.38 1.38 1.40 1.40 1.4139
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This publication is available free of charge from https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.IR.85-3273-33Table Ca4, continued. Projected fuel price indices (excluding general inflation), by enduse sector and fuel type.Census Region 4Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, WyomingProjected April 1 Fuel Price Indices (April 1, 2018 = 1.00)Sector and Fuel2034 2035 2036 2037 2038 2039 2040 2041 2042 2043 2044 2045 2046 2047 2048ResidentialElectricity 1.17 1.18 1.18 1.18 1.19 1.20 1.20 1.21 1.21 1.22 1.22 1.23 1.23 1.24 1.24Distillate Oil 1.55 1.56 1.56 1.59 1.60 1.61 1.62 1.63 1.64 1.64 1.65 1.65 1.65 1.66 1.67LPG 1.25 1.27 1.28 1.29 1.30 1.31 1.32 1.33 1.34 1.35 1.36 1.37 1.38 1.38 1.40Natural Gas 1.20 1.20 1.21 1.21 1.22 1.22 1.23 1.23 1.24 1.24 1.25 1.25 1.26 1.27 1.27CommercialElectricity 1.07 1.07 1.07 1.06 1.06 1.06 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.04 1.04 1.03 1.03 1.02 1.02Distillate Oil 1.59 1.60 1.60 1.63 1.64 1.65 1.66 1.67 1.68 1.68 1.68 1.69 1.68 1.69 1.69Residual Oil 1.81 1.84 1.85 1.89 1.91 1.94 1.96 1.98 1.99 2.00 2.00 2.01 2.00 2.00 2.01Natural Gas 1.37 1.38 1.39 1.39 1.40 1.41 1.41 1.42 1.43 1.43 1.44 1.45 1.46 1.47 1.48Coal 1.00 1.01 1.01 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.04 1.03 1.03 1.03 1.03IndustrialElectricity 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.98 0.98 0.97Distillate Oil 1.55 1.56 1.57 1.59 1.60 1.61 1.62 1.64 1.64 1.64 1.64 1.65 1.65 1.65 1.66Residual Oil 1.35 1.37 1.38 1.40 1.42 1.44 1.46 1.47 1.48 1.49 1.49 1.49 1.49 1.49 1.50Natural Gas 1.27 1.27 1.29 1.29 1.31 1.32 1.33 1.34 1.35 1.36 1.38 1.39 1.40 1.42 1.43Coal 0.97 0.97 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.96 0.95 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.96TransportationMotorGasoline 1.41 1.42 1.42 1.44 1.44 1.45 1.46 1.47 1.48 1.48 1.48 1.49 1.49 1.49 1.5040
Preliminary Feasibility Report Version: Final Bartlett Regional Hospital
Date Modified: August 27, 2018 Juneau, Alaska
Fairbanks Economic Development Corporation
Appendix D
Site Visit Photos
Appendix D – Site Visit Photos Bartlett Regional Hospital
Juneau, Alaska
1
Figure 1 ‐ East Elevation of Hospital
Figure 2 – Central Boiler Plant and Stacks
Appendix D – Site Visit Photos Bartlett Regional Hospital
Juneau, Alaska
2
Figure 3 – Boilers 1 & 2
Figure 4 – Boiler 1 Nameplate
Appendix D – Site Visit Photos Bartlett Regional Hospital
Juneau, Alaska
3
Figure 5 – Boiler 2 Nameplate
Figure 6 – Central Plant BMS Station
Appendix D – Site Visit Photos Bartlett Regional Hospital
Juneau, Alaska
4
Figure 7 – Condensate Receiver Adjacent to Maintenance Room
Figure 8 – Condensate Receiver in Central Plant
Appendix D – Site Visit Photos Bartlett Regional Hospital
Juneau, Alaska
5
Figure 9 – Feedwater Pumps from DA Tank
Figure 10 – Fuel Oil Tank Monitoring System
Appendix D – Site Visit Photos Bartlett Regional Hospital
Juneau, Alaska
6
Figure 11 – Electrical One‐Line Diagram
Figure 12 – Main Service Adjacent to Central Plant
Appendix D – Site Visit Photos Bartlett Regional Hospital
Juneau, Alaska
7
Figure 13 – Emergency Generator Motor Nameplate
Figure 13 – Wildflower Court Boiler Room Proximity to Central Plant (and Access to Potential Biomass
Boiler Plant Site)
Appendix D – Site Visit Photos Bartlett Regional Hospital
Juneau, Alaska
8
Figure 14 – Wildflower Court Boiler Main Boiler (New)
Figure 15 – Wildflower Court Backup Boiler
Appendix D – Site Visit Photos Bartlett Regional Hospital
Juneau, Alaska
9
Figure 16 – Southern Access to East Portion of Campus
Figure 17 – Access and View of Central Plant from Potential Biomass Boiler Plant Site (Facing
Northwest)
Appendix D – Site Visit Photos Bartlett Regional Hospital
Juneau, Alaska
10
Figure 17 – Potential Biomass Boiler Plant Site (Facing Southwest)
Figure 18 – Potential Biomass Boiler Plant Site (Facing Southeast)