HomeMy WebLinkAboutKipnuk 2012-VEEP
EENNEERRGGYY AAUUDDIITT
PPOOSSTT IINNSSTTAALLLLAATTIIOONN RREEPPOORRTT
Results and Recommendations from
Energy Audit of Kipnuk
For VEEP Grants
City of Kipnuk, Alaska
June 20, 2012
Prepared By: Prepared For:
Ameresco, Inc.
6643 Brayton Drive
Anchorage, AK 99507
Alaska Energy Authority
City of Kipnuk
Alaskan Village Post Installation Report Energy Audit of City Buildings
Ameresco VEEP Audit - City of Kipnuk
Page i Kipnuk, AK
TTAABBLLEE OOFF CCOONNTTEENNTTSS
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND PREFACE .................................................................................. 1
1.0 BUILDING DESCRIPTIONS ............................................................................................ 2
1.1 KIPNUK CITY OFFICE (KANGANAK OFFICE BUILDING) ............................................... 2
1.2 KIPNUK POWER PLANT ........................................................................................... 4
1.3 KIPNUK SCHOOL .................................................................................................... 6
2.0 UTILITIES ....................................................................................................................... 8
2.1 ELECTRICITY ......................................................................................................... 8
2.1.1 Electricity Usage Profiles ......................................................................... 8
2.2 FUEL ..................................................................................................................... 8
3.0 OPERATIONS/MAINTENANCE PRACTICES ................................................................ 9
4.0 ENERGY CONSERVATION OPPORTUNITIES ............................................................ 10
4.1 KIPNUK CITY OFFICE HEATING SYSTEM REDESIGN – INITIAL REPORTING ................ 10
4.2 ADDITIONAL ECOS FUNDED – INITIAL REPORTING ................................................. 12
4.3 ECOS NOT FUNDED ............................................................................................ 12
5.0 FINAL COSTING AND CHANGES FROM INITIAL REPORTING .................................. 13
5.1 CHANGES FROM INITIAL REPORTING ..................................................................... 13
5.2 FUNDING ALLOCATION SUMMARY TABLES ............................................................. 13
AAPPPPEENNDDIICCEESS
APPENDIX A – VEEP PROJECT COSTS & EXPECTED SAVINGS ...................................... A-1
APPENDIX B – ECO CALCULATION RESULTS – NOT FUNDED ......................................... B-1
APPENDIX C – EQUATIONS USED IN CALCULATIONS ...................................................... C-1
APPENDIX D – POST INSTALLATION PHOTOS ................................................................... D-1
Alaskan Village Post Installation Report Energy Audit of City Buildings
Ameresco VEEP Audit - City of Kipnuk
Page 1 Kipnuk, AK
EEXXEECCUUTTIIVVEE SSUUMMMMAARRYY AANNDD PPRREEFFAACCEE
This Post Installation Report summarizes the results of an Ameresco Energy Audit of the City of Kipnuk,
the initial energy savings measures identified and proposed, and any changes that may have occurred
throughout the installation process. The City of Kipnuk is a recipient of an Alaska Energy Authority
(AEA) Village Energy Efficiency Program (VEEP) grant of $150,000.
Ameresco engineers conducted an energy audit of the City of Kipnuk on October 22, 2010. The table
below shows the buildings audited and their respective square footages.
City of Kipnuk - Building Summary
Building Category Square Footage
City Office Public Building 2,000
The audit identified existing types, conditions, operating modes, and energy consumption profiles for a
variety of buildings, facilities and systems. The audit also identified all cost-effective system and facility
modifications, adjustments, alterations, additions, and retrofits. Systems investigated during the audit
included heating, ventilation, interior and exterior lighting, process exhaust, domestic hot water, motors,
building envelopes, utility metering systems, and energy management control systems (EMCS). Options
for advanced electric meter systems were considered if they did not already exist. Ameresco also
explored opportunities for on-site energy production, both non-renewable and renewable.
The table below shows the results of Ameresco’s audit and potential calculation savings, allocated by
grant. See Appendix A for more detailed calculation results. Project costs include costs incurred from the
site visit, engineering time, materials cost, and labor cost, as well as Ameresco’s markup. It is important
to note that the simple paybacks (SPBs) have been determined according to ECO type. For example, the
SPB for an electrical ECO is calculated using only the annual kWh savings, even though the equivalent
annual fuel gallon monetary savings is reported.
VEEP ECOS - PROJECT COSTS & EXPECTED SAVINGS - KIPNUK
ECO Cost Savings SPB
REDESIGN BUILDING HEATING SYSTEM $140,882.65 $ 9,139.73 15.41
C01 - THERMOSTAT UPGRADE $ 2,753.74 $ 1,302.09 2.11
AVAILABLE FUNDING $ 6,363.62
* Remaining funding applied to the City of Kotlik
TOTAL GRANT $150,000.00
KIPNUK PROJECT TOTAL $143,636.39 $10,441.82 13.15
Alaskan Village Post Installation Report Energy Audit of City Buildings
Ameresco VEEP Audit - City of Kipnuk
Page 2 Kipnuk, AK
11..00 BBUUIILLDDIINNGG DDEESSCCRRIIPPTTIIOONNSS
11..11 KKIIPPNNUUKK CCIITTYY OOFFFFIICCEE ((KKAANNGGAANNAAKK OOFFFFIICCEE BBUUIILLDDIINNGG))
Description: The Kipnuk City Office building houses the Kipnuk Traditional Council office as well as
several other City offices, including the Kipnuk Light Plant. There is also a multipurpose area for larger
meetings and gatherings.
General Conditions: The building is in fair condition overall. The mechanical room is not much more
than a storage room at this point. Many improvements could be made to the building envelope as well.
Pictures of general conditions found during the field audit immediately follow this building description.
Building Envelope: The standing seam exterior and roof are in good condition and do not appear to
have any major faults. Windows are in fair condition; some need to be caulked, and others are broken
and have been replaced with plastic. The mechanical room ceiling has deteriorated in many areas. Roof
access does not seal properly, and this creates a sizeable escape for conditioned air.
Heating: Building heating is provided mainly by a series of unit and space heaters distributed throughout
the building. The multipurpose area is heating by a King Electric unit heater designed for warehouses and
garages with ceilings over 10 feet high. Although the installation meets the minimum requirement of
mounting 6 feet above the floor, this is a potential fire hazard due to how closely it is mounted to the
ceiling, and the air inlet is blocked. This heater remains on constantly. A second, much smaller unit
heater provides heating to a large cubicle-style office area. Baseboards, though functional, do not appear
to be providing much heat to the building. Two Airtherm electric unit heaters provide heating for the
Kipnuk Light Plant office section of the building along with a TPI corporation electric wall heater. The
mechanical room houses a collection of no longer functional equipment including 2 Burnham boilers, 3
Trane air handlers, and a Bock domestic water heater. There is also a heat exchanger system with water
coming from the Kipnuk Power Plant. The water comes into the building at 140 degrees Fahrenheit, but
by the time it is being distributed, the water has reached 115 degrees. Recently the AEA replaced the
Alaskan Village Post Installation Report Energy Audit of City Buildings
Ameresco VEEP Audit - City of Kipnuk
Page 3 Kipnuk, AK
generators with more efficient models, thus decreasing the amount of available waste heat for the
building; this calls for more electric heating to supplement the building requirements.
Controls: Zone temperatures are controlled by mechanical thermostats.
Lighting: Interior lighting consists mainly of T8 fluorescent fixtures with electronic ballasts.
Domestic Water: An 80 gallon American Water Heater Group electric water heater provides the
building with domestic hot water.
Building Photos: Kipnuk City Office
Airtherm King Electric Unit Heater American Water Heater Grp – Domestic Water Heater
Blocked Boiler Stack and Ceiling Deterioration Defunct Burnham Boilers
Alfa Laval Heat Exchanger “Repaired” Windows
Alaskan Village Post Installation Report Energy Audit of City Buildings
Ameresco VEEP Audit - City of Kipnuk
Page 4 Kipnuk, AK
11..22 KKIIPPNNUUKK PPOOWWEERR PPLLAANNTT
Description: The Kipnuk Power Plant is independently owned by the City.
General Conditions: The building is in good condition overall. The standing seam exterior and roof are
in good condition with no noticeable faults. The generators appear to be in good condition and are
functioning properly, although some are beginning to show their age. There are a total of 3 generators,
but only one is currently running. This larger generator seems to be able to handle the village load, but
the 2 smaller generators are available if they need to be turned on.
Loading: At the time of the audit, demand loading was about 240 kW. According to the operator, this is
about average; the peak load may increase somewhat, but not much beyond 300 kW.
Alaskan Village Post Installation Report Energy Audit of City Buildings
Ameresco VEEP Audit - City of Kipnuk
Page 5 Kipnuk, AK
Building Photos: Kipnuk Power Plant
Power Plant Demand Power Control Panel
Meters Generator Control Panels
Alaskan Village Post Installation Report Energy Audit of City Buildings
Ameresco VEEP Audit - City of Kipnuk
Page 6 Kipnuk, AK
11..33 KKIIPPNNUUKK SSCCHHOOOOLL
Description: The Kipnuk School houses elementary through high school age students. The school is
divided into wings – a high school section, and an elementary and middle school section. The building
also contains a cafeteria and gym.
General Conditions: The building is in good condition and is probably the best maintained facility in the
village. Structurally, the building appears to have no major defects, and the exterior and roof and in good
condition. The HVAC and other mechanical equipment are in good condition and appear to be well-
maintained.
Pictures of general conditions found during the field audit immediately follow this building description.
Building Envelope: The building appears to be in good condition. Doors seal properly and have
adequate weather-stripping. Windows are double-pane clear glass and are in good condition.
Heating: Two Burnham model PF-505 boilers provide the building with heating. A combustion analysis
showed these boilers to be running at 76.2% efficiency with 9.2% oxygen.
Lighting: Interior lighting mainly consists of T8 fluorescent fixtures with electronic ballasts.
Domestic Water: Two oil-fired Bock water heaters provide the school with domestic hot water. One of
these water heaters is a model 361E ASME and holds 91 gallons. The other is a model 71E and holds 68
gallons.
Alaskan Village Post Installation Report Energy Audit of City Buildings
Ameresco VEEP Audit - City of Kipnuk
Page 7 Kipnuk, AK
Building Photos: Kipnuk School
Burnham Boilers Bock Water Heaters
Alaskan Village Post Installation Report Energy Audit of City Buildings
Ameresco VEEP Audit - City of Kipnuk
Page 8 Kipnuk, AK
22..00 UUTTIILLIITTIIEESS
22..11 EELLEECCTTRRIICCIITTYY
The City of Kipnuk purchases its electricity from the Kipnuk Light Plant. The Light Plant bills
Traditional Council for electricity use, but the bills are paid via a credit system; the Council does not
directly pay for electricity.
Kipnuk Light Plant kWh Rate $ 0.32
Average Cost of Power Adjustment Rate
(in 2009, this was a charge January – October,
and a credit November - December)
$ 0.2640
Average kWh and Fuel Rate
(W hat Customer Pays & Used for Calculations) $ 0.6056
22..11..11 EElleeccttrriicciittyy UUssaaggee PPrrooffiilleess
Kipnuk City Office Electric Usage
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
18,000
FebruaryMarchAprilMayJuneJulyAugustSeptemberOctoberNovemberDecemberMonthTotal kWh
22..22 FFUUEELL
City buildings within the village of Kipnuk typically purchase their fuel (stove oil) from the Kugkaklik
Ltd native store, usually in quantities of 200 gallons. The Kipnuk Light Plant purchases its fuel for
electricity generation from Crowley Petroleum Distribution in two bulk shipments each year. The
shipment in August of 2010 was for 100,000 gallons.
Average Kugkaklik Fuel Rate (December 2008 – Decem ber 2009) $ 6.72
Crowley Fuel Rate (August 2010) $ 3.4384
Alaskan Village Post Installation Report Energy Audit of City Buildings
Ameresco VEEP Audit - City of Kipnuk
Page 9 Kipnuk, AK
33..00 OOPPEERRAATTIIOONNSS//MMAAIINNTTEENNAANNCCEE PPRRAACCTTIICCEESS
The village has a number of designated maintenance personnel that seem to possess the basic skills
required to clean and maintain selected equipment. From Ameresco’s observations, if the equipment
should fall into disrepair, the staff does not have the training or experience to repair the equipment per the
manufacturer’s requirements and tends to piece together the equipment to maintain operation. Over time,
the systems no longer function as required, which currently appears to be the case of most equipment and
systems with in the village.
Operations and maintenance is one area in energy services where improvement and training costs are
lower than equipment replacement costs, and the energy efficiency return is high. During the site audit,
Ameresco found that outside of general cleaning, most of the equipment is not maintained to meet
standard manufacturers’ recommendations. Dirty filters, boilers in disrepair, systems altered, and control
systems disconnected are a result of limited funding and lack of system training. This results in excessive
energy use, premature equipment failure, and employee and resident discomfort. An annual system check
by a qualified burner service technician to perform services such as boiler cleaning, boiler tune ups,
system check out, and control system reviews will not only extend the overall life of the equipment, but
improve occupant comfort as well as increase and maintain long term energy efficiency.
Alaskan Village Post Installation Report Energy Audit of City Buildings
Ameresco VEEP Audit - City of Kipnuk
Page 10 Kipnuk, AK
44..00 EENNEERRGGYY CCOONNSSEERRVVAATTIIOONN OOPPPPOORRTTUUNNIITTIIEESS
The village of Kipnuk is unique among many of its peers in that the Energy Conservation Opportunities
(ECOs) suggested by Ameresco are not all relatively simple retrofits. ECOs are therefore described in
greater detail in this report than previously submitted reports. Please Note: Section 4 applies to the initial
proposal and the ECOs identified during that stage of the Kipnuk project. There are some ECOs included
in this section that were not performed, or the scope of work may have changed. Section 4 is for reference
only. See Section 5 for updated project information.
VEEP – INITIAL PROPOSAL (FINAL AUDIT REPORT)
ECO Cost Savings SPB
REDESIGN BUILDING HEATING SYSTEM $ 146,750.00 $ 9,139.73 16.06
C01 - THERMOSTAT UPGRADE $ 750.00 $ 1,302.09 0.58
DESIGN/AUDIT $ 2,500.00
AVAILABLE FUNDING $ -
* Available funding allocated for travel expenses, shipping, additional labor, etc
TOTAL $ 150,000.00 $ 10,441.82 14.37
44..11 KKIIPPNNUUKK CCIITTYY OOFFFFIICCEE HHEEAATTIINNGG SSYYSSTTEEMM RREEDDEESSIIGGNN –– IINNIITTIIAALL RREEPPOORRTTIINNGG
As detailed in Section 1.0 of this report, the heating system at the Kipnuk City Office is currently in
considerably poor condition. The majority of building heating is supplied by a series of electrical unit
heaters; all of these were running at full capacity at the time of the audit. The sizes of these unit heaters
are displayed below:
King Unit Heater (Model KFUH2430-1) 30 kW
Small Unit Heater (Unknown Model) 5 kW
TPI Corporation Wall Mounted UH 3 kW
TOTAL 38 kW
TOTAL 129.69 MBH
Note: The King electric unit heater is designed for warehouse usage and is a safety hazard in its current
installation.
This ECO proposes replacing these electric unit heaters with properly sized fuel oil boilers. Ameresco
recommends replacing these unit heaters with two 125 MBH units with AFUE ratings of 88%. The results
of savings calculations are displayed as follows:
Current Energy Use
Annual kWh 57,226.90
Annual Equivalent mmBtu 195.32
Annual Gallons Fuel Needed 4,152.90
Alaskan Village Post Installation Report Energy Audit of City Buildings
Ameresco VEEP Audit - City of Kipnuk
Page 11 Kipnuk, AK
Proposed Energy Use
Annual mmBtu 209.27
Annual Gallons Fuel Needed 1,494.76
Summary
Electric Savings (kWh) 57,226.90
Electric Generation for Heat (Gallons) 4,152.90
Electric Generation for Heat ($) $14,279.32
Fuel Needed for Boilers (Gallons) 1,494.76
Fuel Needed for Boilers ($) $10,044.79
Fuel Savings (Gallons) 2,658.13
Fuel Savings ($) $4,234.52
TOTAL SAVINGS ($) $4,234.52
The prior savings calculation is based on the current utility structure in the village. The Kipnuk Light
Plant currently makes bulk purchases of fuel from Crowley Petroleum Distribution, Inc. at a rate of
$3.4383/gallon, while the rest of the village purchases its fuel oil in smaller bundles from Kugkaklik Ltd
Native Store at a rate of $6.72/gallon. Ameresco recommends that the Kipnuk City Office arrange its
own fuel agreement with Crowley or combine fuel purchases with the Kipnuk Light Plant. If the City
Office is able reach a similar agreement with Crowley, the savings will be as follows:
Summary
Electric Savings (kWh) 57,226.90
Electric Generation for Heat (Gallons) 4,152.90
Electric Generation for Heat ($) $14,279.32
Fuel Needed for Boilers (Gallons) 1,494.76
Fuel Needed for Boilers ($) $5,139.59
Fuel Savings (Gallons) 2,658.13
Fuel Savings ($) $9,139.73
TOTAL SAVINGS ($) $9,139.73
At a total project cost of $147,500, this project will have a simple payback (SPB) of 16.14 years.
Heating System Redesign
Building
Number
of
Boilers
to
Install
Boiler
AFUE
Rating
Total Cost
Electric
kWh
Savings
Fuel
mmBtu
Savings
Total
mmBtu
Savings
Equivalent
Fuel
Gallons
Savings
Annual
kWh
Cost
Savings
Annual
Equivalent
Fuel Cost
Savings
Total
Annual
Savings
Simple
Payback
City
Office 2 88.00% $146,750.00 57,226.90 209.27 -29.40 2,658.13 $0.00 $9,139.73 $9,139.73 16.06
Alaskan Village Post Installation Report Energy Audit of City Buildings
Ameresco VEEP Audit - City of Kipnuk
Page 12 Kipnuk, AK
44..22 AADDDDIITTIIOONNAALL EECCOOSS FFUUNNDDEEDD –– IINNIITTIIAALL RREEPPOORRTTIINNGG
C01 – Thermostat Upgrade
This ECO proposes replacing the outdated mechanical thermostats with 7-day programmable thermostats.
The programmable thermostats would allow a building’s HVAC system to be scheduled to operate in
comfortable conditions while occupied and allow for night set-backs.
44..33 EECCOOSS NNOOTT FFUUNNDDEEDD
The following are potential ECOs for the village of Kipnuk, if more funding were to become available.
At the time of the audit, not enough funding was available to complete these projects.
B01 – Door Weather-stripping Upgrade
This ECO proposes applying weather stripping to exterior door perimeters to reduce air infiltration into
the buildings. Many building doors have existing weather stripping material which is worn or missing.
B02 – Thermal Insulation Upgrade
This ECO proposes installing blown-in roof insulation on existing building envelopes to reduce energy
consumption. Insulation can be added to roofs to increase or renew their insulating ratings (R-value).
E01 – Street Lighting Upgrade
This ECO proposes upgrading the existing 150-watt high pressure sodium (HPS) street lighting fixtures to
more efficient 40-watt light-emitting diode (LED) fixtures. Village demand would be decreased at night,
and savings would be realized in fuel savings from electricity generation.
M01 – Domestic Hot Water Heater Upgrade
This ECO proposes replacing existing electric or fuel oil tank-type water heaters with fuel oil
instantaneous Toyotomi OM-128 models. Standby losses will be eliminated, as there is no need to
continuously heat tanks of water until they are needed. Where electric water heaters are replaced,
additional savings will come from the cost of generating electricity.
Alaskan Village Post Installation Report Energy Audit of City Buildings
Ameresco VEEP Audit - City of Kipnuk
Page 13 Kipnuk, AK
55..00 FFIINNAALL CCOOSSTTIINNGG AANNDD CCHHAANNGGEESS FFRROOMM IINNIITTIIAALL RREEPPOORRTTIINNGG
Due to the brief nature of these contracts and the high cost of travel to and from the villages, audits were
conducted a quickly and efficiently as possible. Once engineers have left the villages, communication is
strained at best, and gathering additional information is difficult. Because of this, assumptions must be
made during the initial ECO assessments and project cost estimates. Occasionally, Ameresco engineers
have found that previously identified projects have been externally funded from another source, but this
information usually comes too late in the process. As a result of all these factors, some previously
identified projects have been modified or abandoned. Final project costs and expected annual savings can
be found in Appendix A. ECOs that were categorized as “Not Funded,” whether in the initial stages of the
proposal or during construction, can be found in Appendix B.
55..11 CCHHAANNGGEESS FFRROOMM IINNIITTIIAALL RREEPPOORRTTIINNGG
Heating System Redesign
Installed as planned. See Section 5.2 and Appendix A for updated cost information.
C01 – Programmable Thermostat Upgrade
Installed as planned. See Section 5.2 and Appendix A for updated cost information. Note: The savings on
this ECO relies on proper HVAC scheduling. If the settings are tampered with, the savings will not be
realized.
55..22 FFUUNNDDIINNGG AALLLLOOCCAATTIIOONN SSUUMMMMAARRYY TTAABBLLEESS
VEEP ECOS - PROJECT COSTS & EXPECTED SAVINGS - KIPNUK
ECO Cost Savings SPB
REDESIGN BUILDING HEATING SYSTEM $140,882.65 $ 9,139.73 15.41
C01 - THERMOSTAT UPGRADE $ 2,753.74 $ 1,302.09 2.11
AVAILABLE FUNDING $ 6,363.62
* Remaining funding applied to the City of Kotlik
TOTAL GRANT $150,000.00
KIPNUK PROJECT TOTAL $143,636.39 $10,441.82 13.15
APPENDIX A
VEEP PROJECT COSTS
& EXPECTED SAVINGS
Building Number of
Boilers to Install
Boiler AFUE
Rating Total Cost
Electric
kWh
Savings
Fuel mmBtu
Savings
Total
mmBtu
Savings
Equivalent
Fuel
Gallons
Savings
Annual kWh
Cost
Savings
Annual
Equivalent
Fuel Cost
Savings
Total
Annual
Savings
Simple
Payback
City Office 2 $0.88 $140,882.65 57,226.90 209.27 -29.40 2,658.13 $0.00 $9,139.73 $9,139.73 15.41
C01 - PROGRAMMABLE THERMOSTAT UPGRADE
Building
# of
Thermostats
Installed
Cost Per
Thermostat Total Cost
Electric
kWh
Savings
Fuel mmBtu
Savings
Total
mmBtu
Savings
Equivalent
Fuel
Gallons
Savings
Annual kWh
Cost
Savings
Annual
Equivalent
Fuel Cost
Savings
Total
Annual
Savings
Simple
Payback
City Office 2 $1,376.87 $2,753.74 0.00 27.13 27.13 193.76 $0.00 $1,302.09 $1,302.09 2.11
HEATING SYSTEM REDESIGN
APPENDIX A - VEEP PROJECT COSTS & EXPECTED SAVINGS - KIPNUK
Note: The reported simple paybacks are based on the type of ECO listed. For example, electrical ECOs only use the Annual kWh Cost
Savings column to calculate the SPB, even though the Annual Equivalent Fuel Cost Savings is still reported.
APPENDIX B
ECO CALCULATION
RESULTS – NOT
FUNDED
B01 - WEATHERSTRIPPING
Building # of Doors
Price Per
Door Total Cost
Electric
kWh
Savings
Fuel
mmBtu
Savings
Total
mmBtu
Savings
Equivalent
Fuel
Gallons
Savings
Annual kWh
Cost Savings
Annual
Equivalent
Fuel Cost
Savings
Simple
Payback
City Office 4 $560.00 $3,136.00 0.00 7.54 7.54 53.88 $0.00 $362.11 8.66
B02 - THERMAL INSULATION UPGRADE
Building Current
Insulation
Proposed
Insulation Total Cost
Electric
kWh
Savings
Fuel
mmBtu
Savings
Total
mmBtu
Savings
Equivalent
Fuel
Gallons
Savings
Annual kWh
Cost Savings
Annual
Equivalent
Fuel Cost
Savings
Simple
Payback
City Office R-20 R-38 $8,680.00 0.00 11.32 11.32 80.83 $0.00 $543.20 15.98
C01 - THERMOSTAT UPGRADE
Building # of Thermo-
stats Installed
Cost Per
Thermostat Total Cost
Electric
kWh
Savings
Fuel
mmBtu
Savings
Total
mmBtu
Savings
Equivalent
Fuel
Gallons
Savings
Annual kWh
Cost Savings
Annual
Equivalent
Fuel Cost
Savings
Simple
Payback
City Office 2 $290.00 $750.00 0.00 27.13 27.13 193.76 $0.00 $1,302.09 0.58
E01 - STREET LIGHTING UPGRADE
Building Current
Fixture
Proposed
Fixture Total Cost
Electric
kWh
Savings
Electric kW
Savings
Equivalent
mmBtu
Savings
Equivalent
Fuel
Gallons
Savings
Annual kWh
Cost Savings
Annual
Equivalent
Fuel Cost
Savings
Simple
Payback
Whole Village 150W HPS 40W LED $35,910.00 14,454.00 39.60 49.33 1,048.91 $2,504.88 $7,048.69 14.34
M01 - DOMESTIC WATER HEATER UPGRADE
Building
# of Water
Heaters to
Replace
New Water
Heater
Efficiency
(AFUE)
Total Cost
Electric
kWh
Savings
Equivalent
Fuel
mmBtu
Savings
New Fuel
mmBtu
Use
Equivalent
Fuel
Gallons
Savings
Annual kWh
Cost Savings
Annual
Equivalent
Fuel Cost
Savings
Simple
Payback
City Office 1 88.00%$2,240.00 3,475.33 11.86 12.13 165.58 $0.00 $1,112.70 2.01
APPENDIX B - ECO CALCULATION RESULTS - NOT FUNDED - KIPNUK
Note: The reported simple paybacks are based on the type of ECO listed. For example, electrical ECOs only use the Annual kWh Cost Savings column to
calculate the SPB, even though the Annual Equivalent Fuel Cost Savings is still reported.
APPENDIX C
EQUATIONS USED IN
CALCULATIONS
ECO Equations
B01 1. Door Leakage Area (in2) = Door Area x Door Leakage Factor
2. Specific Infiltration (CFM/in2) = [ (Stack Coefficient x ΔT) + (Wind Coefficient x [Wind Speed]2 )]1/2
3. ΔT = Heating Setpoint Temp - Bin Temp
4. Air Infiltration (CFM) = Specific Infiltration x Door Leakage Area
5. Heat Loss Rate (Btu/hr) = 1.08 x Air Infiltration x ΔT
6. Heating Load (mmBtu) = Heat Loss Rate x Bin Hours / 1,000,000
7. Energy Savings = Baseline - Proposed
Note: This ECO was completed using the RETscreen program.
B02 Note: This ECO was completed using the RETscreen program.
Inputs are R-values reported in the appendices as well as the insulation square footage
C01 Note: This ECO is based on bin data, occupancy, heating peak loads, boiler efficiency, and an assumed night setback
Baseline Usage = (Peak Load x Occupied Load Profile x All Hours) / Boiler Eff.
ECM Usage = [(Peak Load x Occupied Load Profile x Occupied Hours)
+ (Peak Load x Unoccupied Load Profile x Unoccupied Hours)] / Boiler Eff
mmBtu Saved = Baseline Usage - ECM Usage
E01 1. Baseline Demand (kW) = (Existing Fixture Wattage) x (Qty) X (12 Months) / (1,000)
2. Baseline Usage (kWh) = (Baseline Demand) x (Fixture Hours)
3. Proposed Demand (kW) = (Proposed Fixture Wattage) x (Qty) X (12 Months) / (1,000)
4. Proposed Usage (kWh) = (Proposed Demand) x (Fixture Hours)
5. Annual Energy Savings = (Baseline Energy Usage) - (Proposed Energy Usage)
6. Annual Cost Savings = (Energy Savings) x (Energy Cost)
M01 1. Annual Energy Usage (mmBtu) = (41,045 Btu/Day) x (Total Days/Yr) x (Total Heaters) / (Energy Factor or Thermal Efficiency
2. Annual Energy Usage (kWh) = (12.03 kWh/Day) x (Total Days/Yr) x (Total Heaters) / (Energy Factor or Thermal Efficiency
3. (Commercial Type Heaters) Annual Standby Losses (mmBtu) = (Btu/Hr) x (24 Hrs/Day) x (Total Days/Yr) x (Total Heaters) / (1,000,000
4. (Electric Type Heaters) Annual kW Use = System kW x 12
5. (Commercial Type Heaters) Total Annual Energy Usage (mmBtu) = Annual Energy Usage + Annual Standby Losses
6. Annual Savings = Baseline Conditions - Proposed Conditions
REDESIGN 1. Heat Loss Rate (mmBtu/hr) = MBLC x (Heating Temp Setpoint - Mean Bin Temp)
2. Heat Load (MBH) = Heat Loss Rate x 1000
3. MBH-hr = Heat Load x Bin Heating Hours / (kW/ton)
4. Fuel Used (mmBtu) =[(MBH-hr) / Efficiency] / 1000
5. mmBtu Saved = (mmBtu)Existing - (mmBtu)Proposed
APPENDIX C - EQUATIONS USED IN CALCULATIONS - KIPNUK
APPENDIX D
POST INSTALLATION
PHOTOS
APPENDIX D – POST INSTALLATION PHOTOS – KIPNUK
Mechanical Room Access Existing Boiler
New Boiler Installation Project Completion