HomeMy WebLinkAboutASRC-NUI-RSA OM Shops 2012-EE1
Richard S. Armstrong, PE, LLC
Mechanical/Electrical Engineer
Comprehensive Energy Audit
of
Nuiqsut Maintenance and Operation Shops
Project # ASRC-NUI-RSA-02
Prepared for:
The North Slope Borough
School District
October 11, 2011
Prepared by:
Richard S. Armstrong, PE, LLC
2321 Merrill Field Drive, C-6
Anchorage, AK 99501
and
Energy Audits of Alaska
P.O. Box 220215
Anchorage, AK 98522
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Performed by: __________________________
James Fowler, PE, CEA
CEA #1705
Reviewed by: __________________________
Richard Armstrong, PE, CEM
CEA #178, CEM #13557
1. Executive Summary 4
2. Audit and Analysis Background 10
3. Acknowledgements 11
4. Building Description & Function 12
5. Historic Energy Consumption 14
6. Interactive Effects of Projects 15
7. Loan Program 16
Appendix A: Photos 17
Appendix B: AkWarm-C Report 20
Appendix C: Equipment Schedules 26
Appendix D: Building Plan 30
Appendix E: Lighting Plan 31
Appendix F: Mechanical Schematic 33
Appendix G: Additional, Building-Specific EEM detail 34
Appendix H: Benchmark Data analysis 39
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REPORT DISCLAIMERS
The information contained in this report, including any attachments, is intended
solely for use by the building owner and the AHFC. No others are authorized to
disclose, copy, distribute or retain this report, in whole or part, without written
authorization from Richard S. Armstrong, PE, LLC, 2321 Merrill Field Drive, C-6,
Anchorage, Ak 99501. Additionally, this report contains recommendations that,
in the opinion of the auditor, will cause the owner to realize energy savings over
time. All recommendations must be designed by a registered engineer, licensed
in the State of Alaska, in the appropriate discipline. Lighting recommendations
should all be first analyzed through a thorough lighting analysis to assure that the
recommended lighting upgrades will comply with State of Alaska Statue as well
as IES recommendations.
Payback periods may vary from those forecast due to the uncertainty of the final
installed design, configuration, equipment selected, and installation costs of
recommended Energy Efficiency Measures (EEMs), or the operating schedules
and maintenance provided by the owner. Furthermore, EEMs are typically
interactive, so implementation of one EEM may impact the cost savings from
another EEM. Neither the auditor, Richard S. Armstrong, PE, LLC, AHFC, or any
other party involved in preparation of this report accepts liability for financial loss
due to EEMs that fail to meet the forecasted payback periods.
This audit meets the criteria of an Investment Grade Audit (IGA) per the
Association of Energy Engineers definition, and is valid for one year. The life of
the IGA may be extended on a case-by-case basis, at the discretion of the
AHFC.
IGA’s are the property of the State, and may be incorporated into AkWarm-C, the
Alaska Energy Data Inventory (ARIS), or other state and/or public information
system.
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1. Executive Summary
This Comprehensive Energy Audit is performed in connection with AHFC’s
Retrofit Energy Assessment for Loans (REAL) program.
Subject Building:
Nuiqsut Maintenance and Operation Shops
1105 First Ave
Nuiqsut, AK 99789
Building Owner:
North Slope Borough Public Works (NSB)
Building contact:
Gordon Brown, building manager
907-480-1583 mobile
907-480-6223 office
Gordon.brown@north-slope.org
George Wood, maintenance supervisor
George.wood@north-slope.org
The site visit to subject building occurred on August 15th and 16th, 2011.
Buildings
This group of buildings consists of a large building (Public Works building)
used for offices, overnight accommodations, vehicle storage and light
maintenance, a smaller machine and heavy maintenance shop (Heavy
Equipment Shop, or HES) and a connecting corridor (Hallway).
Plans and Equipment Schedules
Plans and equipment schedules could not be located for these buildings.
The plans and schedules found in the Appendix’s were created from on-
site measurements and observations made during the survey. Building
shell details including roof and floor construction, insulation values and
structural configuration were pieced together from conversations with the
building Maintenance Lead, as well as auditor observations - but many
areas were not accessible, so best judgment was used.
Benchmark data from Nortech Engineering indicates a build date of 1983.
There does not appear to have been any significant upgrades or additions
to the structure, electrical, or mechanical systems, with the exception of
the windows, which look newer than 28 years old. The facility was
converted to natural gas in the third or fourth quarter of 2009. At that time
the oil fired boiler burners were converted to dual fuel (oil and gas)
burners and gas fired unit heaters were added in the heavy equipment
shop (HES). There have been occasional interruptions to the gas supply,
so the oil fired unit heaters have been retained in the HES, and one boiler
is held in reserve for use with fuel oil only (even though both have dual
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fuel burners). Considering its age, the building is in average condition with
the exception of the plumbing. There are recurring sewage/waste water
and plumbing problems in the public works building which forces the use
of the second floor space, which might otherwise be restricted for energy
savings.
Energy Consumption and Benchmark Data
Benchmark data provided by Nortech Engineering only included electricity
usage. These buildings also used fuel oil (FO) and natural gas (NG)
during the benchmark period. Nuiqsut was converted building by building,
from FO to NG during the end of 2009 and into 2010. It is not clear when
this building was converted. Furthermore, the FO and NG consumption
data provided by Kuukpik Corporation (the Native Corp managing FO
usage and billing in Nuiqsut under contract to NSB) and the NG usage
provided by NSB are inconsistence and subject to serious question.
Appendix H contains the work performed to obtain a reasonable set of
benchmark data so as to be able to perform this audit.
There are 5 electric meters located on or within these buildings and 1 gas
meter; for the purposes of this audit, this group of buildings will be treated
as one building, and energy consumption will be combined for all the
buildings. Summarized data is displayed in Table 1 below:
Table 1
Average of Annual Costs
Consumption Cost
Electricity ‐ kWh 178,755 $ 54,325
Natural Gas (CCF) 31,779 $ 572
Total $ 54,897
A benchmark measure of energy use relative to other similar function
buildings in the area is the Energy Use Index (EUI), which takes the total
annual energy used by the facility divided by the square footage area of
the building, for a value expressed in terms of kBTU/SF. This number can
then be compared to other buildings to see if it is average, higher or lower
than similar buildings in the area. Likewise, the Energy Cost Index (ECI) is
the cost of all energy used by the building expressed in $/SF of building
area. The comparative values for the subject building are listed in Table 2
below:
Table 2
Subject
Building
Barrow
Average
Trapper School in
Nuiqsut
Energy Use Index (EUI) ‐ kBTU/SF 159 211 180
Energy Cost Index (ECI) ‐ $/SF $2.31 $1.68 $6.61
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Various Energy Efficiency Measures (EEMs) have been analyzed for this
building to determine if they would be applicable for energy savings with
reasonably good payback periods. EEMs are recommended for reasons
including: 1.) they have a reasonably good payback period, 2.) for code
compliance, 3.) life cycle replacement or 4.) reasons pertaining to
operations, maintenance and/or safety. For example, where a lighting
upgrade is recommended from T-12 lamps with magnetic ballasts to T-8
lamps with electronic ballasts, then the entire facility should be re-lamped
and re-ballasted to maintain a standard lighting parts inventory, regardless
of the payback. An individual storage room that is infrequently used may
not show a very good payback for a lighting upgrade, but consistency and
ease of maintenance dictates a total upgrade.
Specific EEMs recommended for this facility are detailed in the attached
AkWarm Energy Audit Report in Appendix B. Each EEM includes
payback times, estimated installation costs and estimated energy savings.
The higher priority items are summarized below:
Lighting Upgrades: The offices, corridors and storage
spaces in this facility almost exclusively have T12 lamps and
magnetic ballasts. They should be replaced with high
efficiency, 28 watt, T8 lamps and electronic ballasts. Typical
savings in power consumption varies from 30-50% with this
upgrade. The equipment bays use high pressure sodium
(HPS) lamps in combination with T12 fixtures; all should be
replaced with high-bay, T5 fixtures with 54watt, high output
lamps, which consume slightly less energy than the HPS
fixtures (and 30-50% less than the T12 lamps) but can be
put on occupancy controls (below) which result in significant
savings.
Lighting Control Upgrades: Occupant controls can sense the
presence of workers, and turn the lights on at a pre-
determined level, and then turn the lights off after a
programmed time period of no occupancy. Much of the
space in these buildings is intermittently and/or infrequently
occupied. It is recommended to install occupancy sensors in
the existing duplex switch boxes for offices and to install
ceiling mounted, dual technology sensors where obstacles
may interfere with line-of-sight sensors, such as in
lavatories, storage areas and the high bay vehicle bays. The
second mode in a dual technology occupancy sensor is
activated by sound. This could reduce power consumption
by 60-90%.
Exterior Lighting Upgrades: The exterior high pressure
sodium lights operate during periods of darkness, which is
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about half of the year. It is estimated that the use of LED
exterior lights can reduce the power consumption by 60%-
80% and extend bulb replacement frequency to 5-10 years.
Setback Thermostats in vehicle bays and offices. It is
recommended that lockable setback thermostats be installed
and programmed for occupied temperatures of 72 deg F,
and unoccupied temperatures of 55 deg F. This has an
estimated payback of between 2 an 8 years, depending on
the size of the zone.
Headbolt Heater Controls: There are retrofit headbolt heater
receptacles that replace standard duplex receptacles. They
contain integrated microprocessor and thermometer that
cycles power on and off in response to the outside air
temperature. Energy savings is typically 50%. Of the 27
headbolt heaters around the subject buildings, (5) utilize
duplex receptacles, and are therefore retrofit-able. (18) of
the other (22) are on a bull rail on the northeast side of the
public works building, and appear to be separately metered.
Plumbing fixtures: All toilets and faucets should be retrofitted
or be replaced with fixtures that have proximity sensing
on/off controls. This audit does not include water usage and
AKWarm does not allow for the modeling of this, but a typical
faucet retrofit will result in 30% water savings and will
payback in under 3 years. Installing 2-level flush toilets (.9
gallons per flush for liquids, 1.6 gallons for solids) typically
saves 33% water, and pays back in under 2 years.
Waterless urinals require more routine maintenance, but
save 100% of water used, and typically pay back within 3
years.
De-stratification Fans: In all high bay facilities air
stratification occurs due to the lower density of hot air; there
can be a 5 degree F to as much as 15 degree F difference
between the floor and ceiling air temperatures. De-
stratification fans mix the air and bring higher temperature air
down to where occupants are, and where the thermostat is.
De-stratifying as little as a 5 degree temperature difference
in a warehouse with a 20’ ceiling saves 12% in energy costs
of heating that space. Typical paybacks are less than 6
years. It is recommended that industrial de-strat fans be
added to the high bays in the public works building, where
there are now 2 residential-sized fans, and in the heavy
equipment shop which currently has 1 similar fan.
HVAC: The heating system in the public works building
appears to be as old as the building (28 years), and while it
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appears to be functional, it is nearing its end of life (EOL),
which is typically 30-35 years. At EOL, one boiler should be
replaced with (2) high efficiency, condensing NG fired boilers
such as Weil McLain Ultra Commercial 750 (efficiency rating
of 93% vs 82% for standard cast iron boiler). The
incremental cost difference between straight across
replacement of existing units versus replacing with (1)
equivalent boiler and (2) smaller condensing boilers is
estimated to be $40,000 (primarily costs associated with
plumbing, venting, etc.). The upgraded system would allow
further modulation at the low end of the building heat load
range, by bringing one boiler at a time on line (these boilers
have internal modulation that allows them to respond to heat
loads starting with as little as 20% load, up to 100% load).
As heating demand increases the first boiler increases
output to 100%, then the second small boiler is brought on
line, and finally the third, larger boiler, as required. The
strategy of retaining the large, third boiler as a dual fuel
backup dictates that it be replaced at EOL with a higher
efficiency, dual fuel model such as a Burnham 3-pass or
DeDetrich (both 88% efficiency rating vs 82%), for which
there is, again, no significant cost increment over a standard
cast iron boiler of similar size. The cost savings in AKWarm
reflects the calculated energy usage reduction from of the
higher efficiency models. While the incremental cost
difference at EOL is $40,000, for budgeting and planning
purposes, the total cost of replacing both boilers at EOL is
estimated to be $150,000 to $200,000.
The HES has a large horizontal furnace which satisfied a
significant portion of the building heat load and provided all
of the make-up air for the building - when it was operating. It
has been non-functional for a number of years, and the NG
burner that was purchased in 2011 to repair the unit, does
not fit in the physical space allocated. Consequently, all of
the heat is being provided by (4) gas fired unit heaters, but
there is no heat to the office or machine shop, and no
ventilation or make-up air. The furnace burner should be
replaced, and the unit heaters once again, used as a
supplemental heat source during high load periods, such as
when the overhead doors are open. See Appendix G-5 for
EEM recommendation.
Exit Signs: Most of the exit signs in the building are un-lit
and do not have power readily available. In many cases it
did not appear that emergency lighting would illuminate them
sufficiently to meet egress requirements. Where there is
ample ambient light (5 ft candles) to utilize a glow-in-the-dark
sign it should be used ($60 ea). Where there is insufficient
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ambient light, a self luminous signs should be used
(available with 10 or 20 year battery life, costing from $150-
$200 ea). Where power is already available, the existing lit
signs should be replaced with LED-lit signs which require no
bulb changes for 10 years, and consume 90% less energy
than florescent or incandescent versions. Typical payback
for LED exit signs is less than 6 months. See Appendix G-1
for EEM.
Building Shell: The overhead doors in the HES and on the
north side of the public works building are in poor condition;
when replaced, R-14.5 doors should be selected. This
reduces heat loss by 50%, which results in a small energy
savings over the current R-6.5 doors. The energy savings in
insufficient to justify door replacement before their EOL. For
budgetary and planning purposes, overhead door
replacement for these buildings will cost approximately
$5000 per door, installed.
In addition to EEMs, various Energy Conservation Measures (ECMs) are
recommended since they are policies or procedures that are followed by
management and employees that require no capital outlay. Examples of
recommended ECMs for this facility include:
1. Repair the waste/sewage plumbing problems.
2. Turning lights off when leaving a room that is not controlled
by an occupancy sensor.
3. All man-doors, roll-up doors and windows should be
properly maintained and adjusted to close and function
properly.
4. Turn off computers, printers, faxes, etc. when leaving the
office.
The 25 priority recommendations in the detailed report estimate to save
$6,100/year, with an installed cost of $122,210. The combined payback
on this investment is 20 years. This does not include design or
construction management services,
It should be noted that energy costs in Nuiqsut are artificially low, even by
NSB standards. The annual savings in Barrow would be over $24,000
and the payback on this investment using Barrow’s energy costs would be
5 years
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2. Audit and Analysis Background
Program Description: This audit included services to identify, develop,
and evaluate energy efficiency measures for the subject building. The
scope of this project included evaluating the building shell, lighting, other
electrical systems, and heating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC)
equipment. Measures were based on their payback period, life cycle
replacement or for reasons pertaining to maintenance, operations and/or
safety.
a. Audit Description and Methodology: Preliminary audit
information was gathered in preparation for the site survey,
including benchmark utility consumption data, floor and lighting
plans, and equipment schedules, where available. A site visit is
then performed to inventory and evaluate the actual building
condition, including:
i. Building envelope (walls, doors, windows, etc)
ii. Heating, ventilating, and air conditioning
iii. Lighting systems and controls
iv. Building specific equipment
v. Plumbing Systems
b. Benchmark Utility Data Validation: Benchmark utility data
provided through AHFC’s initial phase of their REAL program is
validated, confirming that electrical and gas meter numbers on the
subject building match the meters from which the energy
consumption and cost data were collected. If the data is inaccurate
new benchmark data is obtained. In the event that there are
inconsistencies or gaps in the data, the existing data is evaluated
and missing data points are interpolated.
c. Method of Analysis: The information gathered prior to the site visit
and at the site visit is entered into AkWarm-C, an energy modeling
software program developed specifically for Alaska Housing
Finance Corporation (AHFC) to identify forecasted energy
consumption which can then be compared to actual energy
consumption. AkWarm-C also has some pre-programmed EEM
retrofit options that can be analyzed with projected energy savings
based on occupancy schedules, utility rates, building construction
type, building function, existing conditions, and climatic data
uploaded to the program based on the zip code of the building.
When new equipment is proposed, energy consumption is
calculated based on manufacturer’s cataloged information.
Energy cost savings are calculated based on the historical energy
costs for the building. Installation costs include the labor and
equipment required to implement an EEM retrofit, but design and
construction management costs are excluded. Costs are derived
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from one or more of the following: Means Cost Data, industry
publications, experience of the auditor, local contractors and/or
equipment suppliers. Haakensen Electric, Proctor Sales and
Pioneer Door, all in Anchorage were consulted for some of the
lighting, boiler and overhead door (respectively) retrofit costs.
Maintenance savings are calculated, where applicable, and are
added to the energy savings for each EEM.
The costs and savings are considered and a simple payback period
and return on investment (ROI) is calculated. The simple payback
period is based on the number of years that it takes for the savings
to pay back the net installation cost (Net Installation costs divided
by Net Savings.) In cases where the EEM recommends
replacement at EOL, the incremental cost difference between the
standard equipment in place, and the higher efficiency equipment
being recommended is used as the cost basis for payback
calculation. The SIR found in the AKWarm report is the Savings to
Investment Ratio, defined as the breakeven cost divided by the
initial installed cost.
A simple life-time calculation is shown for each EEM. The life-time
for each EEM is estimated based on the typical life of the
equipment being replaced or altered. The energy savings is
extrapolated throughout the life-time of the EEM. The total energy
savings is calculated as the total life-time multiplied by the yearly
savings.
d. Limitations of the Study: All results are dependent on the quality
of input data provided, and may only act as an approximation. In
some instances, several methods may achieve the identified
savings. This report is not intended as a final design document. A
design professional, licensed to practice in Alaska and in the
appropriate discipline, who is following the recommendations, shall
accept full responsibility and liability for the results. Budgetary
estimates for engineering and design of these projects in not
included in the cost estimate for each EEM recommendation, but
these costs can be approximated at 15% of the cost of the work.
3. Acknowledgements: We wish to acknowledge the help of numerous
individuals who have contributed information that was used to prepare this
report, including:
a. Alaska Housing Finance Corporation (Grantor): AHFC provided
the grant funds, contracting agreements, guidelines, and technical
direction for providing the audits. AHFC reviewed and approved
the final short list of buildings to be audited based on the
recommendation of the Technical Service Provider (TSP).
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b. North Slope Borough (Owner): The NSB provided building sizing
information, two years energy billing data, building schedules and
functions, as well as building age.
c. Nortech Engineering (Benchmark TSP): Nortech Engineering
compiled the data received from the NSB and entered that data
into the statewide building database, called the Alaska Retrofit
Information System (ARIS).
d. Richard S. Armstrong, PE, LLC (Audit TSP): This is the TSP
who was awarded the projects in the Arctic Slope Regional
Corporation, Bering Straits area, and the Nana area. The firm
gathered all relevant benchmark information provided to them by
Nortech, cataloged which buildings would have the greatest
potential payback, and with the building owner, prioritized buildings
to be audited based on numerous factors, including the Energy Use
Index (EUI), the Energy Cost Index (ECI), the age of the building,
the size of the building, the location of the building, the function of
the building, and the availability of plans for the building. They also
trained their selected sub-contracted auditors, assigned auditors to
the selected buildings, and performed quality control reviews of the
resulting audits. They prepared a listing of potential EEMs that
each auditor must consider, as well as the potential EEMs that the
individual auditor may notice in the course of his audit. Richard S.
Armstrong, PE, LLC also performed some of the audits to assure
current knowledge of existing conditions.
e. Energy Audits of Alaska (energy auditor): This firm has been
selected to provide audits under this contract. The firm has two
mechanical engineers, certified as energy auditors and/or
professional engineers and has also received additional training
from Richard S. Armstrong, PE, LLC to acquire further specific
information regarding audit requirements and potential EEM
applications.
4. Building Description and Function:
The site visit and survey of subject building occurred on August 15th and
16th, 2011. The public works building has two stories, the second floor is
used for storage was formerly used as temporary living quarters. It has
19,291 square feet. The heavy equipment shop has one floor with a
mezzanine used as a mechanical room, it contains 4253 square feet. In
total, including the transit hallway, the buildings consist of 23,754 square
feet of space.
The smaller, heavy equipment shop (HES) is used for vehicle
maintenance, has a machine and weld shop, one office and a small room
for parts storage.
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A connecting hallway provides covered, conditioned space to transit
between buildings. One wall is lined with shelving used for storage.
An inspection of the exterior and interior of the building revealed that the
overall condition of the building, considering its age, is in average
condition. No building plans or equipment or lighting schedules were
available, so floor plans, dimensions, equipment and lighting schedules
included in this report were compiled from the site survey and from
conversations with on-site personnel. Benchmark data provided by
Nortech Engineering indicate the building was constructed in 1983.
The public works building and the hallway are constructed above grade,
on pilings, the heavy equipment shop is constructed on a passively cooled
concrete slab. All buildings appear to use 2x8 wall construction with
fiberglass batting (R-25), and have metal roof and siding. The facility
manager guessed that the ceilings and above grade floors had 12” of
fiberglass batting (R-38) and the insulated concrete slab had 8” of
expanded polystyrene foam insulation (R-40) underneath.
Benchmark utility data, including natural gas and electricity were provided
by NSB utilities department. Fuel oil data was provided by NSB
administration.
Building details are as follows:
a. Heating System – Public Works building: Heat is supplied by (2)
Burnham 1941 MBH dual fuel, cast iron sectional boilers. Heat is
provided by hydronic baseboard fin tube heaters in perimeter
rooms and interior offices, all with valves controlled by 24V zone
thermostats. Heat is provided to storage spaces and vehicle bays
via hydronic unit heaters which are valve and fan controlled by low
voltage zone thermostats. Additionally, there are (3) hydronic
heating ventilators with small (60-100W) fans in the stairwells and
vehicle bays, also valve and fan controlled by 24V zone
thermostats, with what appears to be a manual over-ride switch.
(2) air handlers utilizing hydronic coils heat the large, high bay
spaces on the South and West sides of the building. In addition to
the boiler, there are (3) 12” and (1) 72” baseboard electric heaters,
each with an integral thermostat.
b. Heating System – Heavy Equipment Shop (HES): The heating
system for the HES consists of (2) Modine 100 MBH and (2)
Modine 250 MBH, NG fired, horizontal unit heaters. Additionally,
there are (3) 118 MBH, Reznor, oil fired unit heaters retained as a
back-up for use during NG interruptions. All unit heaters in the
HES are controlled by zone thermostats. Additional heat would be
provided by a large, horizontal furnace if it was operable. The
furnace would provide make-up air, as well as heat to the office and
machine/weld shop. See EEM G-5.
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c. Ventilation System: Ventilation is provided to the high bay spaces
in the public works building through the (2) Trane air handlers. Air
handler heat is provided by hydronic coils valve-controlled by zone
thermostats. With its horizontal furnace inoperative, the HES has
no ventilation and no make-up air. There is a vehicle exhaust fan
(EF2) in the HES, and a second fan (EF1) ventilating the
machine/weld shop. There is a vehicle exhaust fan in the
equipment bay of the public works building which looks inoperable
(see Appendix G-6 for EEM). Each toilet room has an exhaust fan
assumed to be approximately 85 CFM. There is a residential
kitchen exhaust hood in the second floor living quarters.
d. Plumbing Fixtures: There are two lavatories downstairs in the
public works building and one bathroom upstairs, all have a toilet
and sink. The downstairs Men’s lav includes a urinal and the
upstairs includes a combination bathtub/shower. All fixtures are
manually operated. See Appendix G-7 for EEM recommendations.
e. Domestic Hot Water: Hot water is generated using a 82 gallon,
State, electric hot water heater, located in the boiler room.
f. Appliances: A clothes washer and clothes dryer are located on the
second floor of the public works building. The set appears to be
10-15 years old, and is used occasionally to wash employee
coveralls. A refrigerator, range/oven and microwave are located in
the upstairs living quarters. A second refrigerator and microwave
are located in the first floor lunch room. There are 6 personal
computers in use. See Appendix G-3 and G-4 for EEM
recommendations.
g. Head Bolt Heaters: There are (9) head bolt heaters along the
north and south sides of the HES building. (5) of these are duplex
receptacles suitable for retrofit, (4) are hard-wired into junction
boxes. There are (18) more hard-wired heaters on a “bull rail” on
the northeast side of the public works building, but they appear to
be metered separately, and have not been included in the AKWarm
model.
h. Interior Lighting: The entire building, with the exception of (1)
room, uses T-12 lamps with magnetic ballasts. The high bay
equipment bays use T-12 fixtures as well as high pressure sodium
(HPS) lamps with magnetic ballasts. There are no occupancy
sensors in the building.
i. Exterior Lighting: Exterior lighting consists of 100 W and 200 W
High Pressure Sodium (HPS) wall-pack lights on a photocell
sensor.
j. Upstairs Living Quarters: These quarters have not been used for
a number of years as living quarters. The space is currently used
as a second break room, and the bathroom is used regularly when
the first floor lavatory is inoperable due to sewage plumbing
problems. See Appendix G-3 for EEM recommendations.
5. Historic Energy Consumption: Energy consumption is modeled within
the AkWarm-C program. The program only analyzes 12 months of data,
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so where 24 months of data are available, the data is averaged to provide
more accuracy. The energy consumption data is presented and graphed
in the attached AkWarm-C program results.
Energy consumption was analyzed using two factors: the Energy Cost
Index (ECI) and the Energy Use Index (ECU). The energy cost index
takes the average cost of gas and electrical energy over the surveyed
period of time (typically 2 years) and averages the cost, divided by the
square footage of the building. Two years average electrical data was
used. But in this case, since consistent energy consumption data for fuel
oil and natural gas were not available (see Appendix H), a single 12 month
period of consumption was selected for natural gas. The resulting ECI for
this building is $2.31/square foot, the average ECI for all of the
benchmarked buildings in Barrow is $1.68/square foot, and the ECI for the
Trapper School in Nuiqsut is $6.61/square foot. The ECI for the Trapper
School contained 18 months of fuel oil usage, which is 10x higher in cost,
than natural gas – and fir this building, only natural gas was used.
The energy use index (EUI) is the total average electrical and heating
energy consumption per year expressed in thousands of BTUs/SF. The
average EUI for this building is 159 kBTU/SF 2009 and 2010; the average
EUI for all of the benchmarked buildings in Barrow is 211 kBTU/SF, and
the EUI for the Trapper School is 180kBTU/SF.
6. Interactive Effects of Projects: The AkWarm-C program calculates
savings assuming that all recommended EEM are implemented. If some
EEMs are not implemented, savings for the remaining EEMs will be
affected, in some cases positively, and in others, negatively. For example,
if the fan motors are not replaced with premium efficiency motors, then the
savings for the project to install variable speed drives (VFDs) on the fans
will be increased.
In general, all projects were evaluated sequentially so that energy savings
associated with one EEM would not be attributed to another EEM as well.
For example, the night setback EEM was analyzed using the fan and
heating load profile that will be achieved after installation of the VFD
project is completed. By modeling the recommended projects
sequentially, the analysis accounts for interactive effects between the
EEMs and does not “double count” savings.
Interior lighting, plug loads, facility equipment, and occupants generate
heat within the building. When the building is in cooling mode, these
contribute to the overall cooling demands of the building; therefore lighting
efficiency improvements will reduce cooling requirements on air
conditioned buildings. Conversely, lighting efficiency improvements are
anticipated to increase heating requirements slightly. Heating penalties
are included in the lighting project analysis that is performed by AkWarm-
C.
16
7. Loan Program: The Alaska Housing Finance Corporation (AHFC) Alaska
Energy Efficiency Revolving Loan Fund (AEERLF) is a State of Alaska
program enacted by the Alaska Sustainable Energy Act (senate Bill 220,
A.S. 18.56.855, “Energy Efficiency Revolving Loan Fund). The AEERLF
will provide loans for energy efficiency retrofits to public facilities via the
Retrofit Energy Assessment for Loan System (REAL). As defined in 15
AAC 155.605, the program may finance energy efficiency improvements
to buildings owned by:
a. Regional educational attendance areas;
b. Municipal governments, including political subdivisions of municipal
governments;
c. The University of Alaska;
d. Political subdivisions of the State of Alaska, or
e. The State of Alaska
Native corporations, tribal entities, and subsidiaries of the federal
government are not eligible for loans under this program.
17
Appendix A
Photos
View from the North, public works building on left, heavy equipment shop
on right and connecting hallway in between
View from South of heavy equipment shop; note that down vents are
exhausting onto the passive cooling fins
18
View from the South of public works building
Four electric sub-meters inside public works building
19
Aerial View of O & M Shops
Public works building
Connecting corridor
Heavy equipment shop NORTH
Nuiqsut Airport
Appendix B
Energy Audit – Energy Analysis and Cost Comparison
AkWarm Commercial Audit Software
Maintenance and Operations Shops
Page 1
ENERGY AUDIT REPORT – PROJECT SUMMARY – Created 10/11/2011 7:13 PM
General Project Information
PROJECT INFORMATION AUDITOR INFORMATION
Building: Maintenance and Operations Shops Auditor Company: Energy Audits of Alaska
Address: 1105 First Ave Auditor Name: James Fowler
City: Nuiqsut Auditor Address: P.O. Box 220215
Anchorage, AK 99520 Client Name: Gordon Brown, George Woods
Client Address: 1105 First Ave
Nuiqsut, AK 99789
Auditor Phone: (206) 954‐3614
Auditor FAX:
Client Phone: (907) 480‐6223 Auditor Comment:
Client FAX:
Design Data
Building Area: 23,754 square feet Design Heating Load: Design Loss at Space: 519,768 Btu/hour
with Distribution Losses: 602,999 Btu/hour
Plant Input Rating assuming 82.0% Plant Efficiency and 25%
Safety Margin: 919,205 Btu/hour
Note: Additional Capacity should be added for DHW load, if
served.
Typical Occupancy: 9 people Design Indoor Temperature: 70 deg F (building average)
Actual City: Nuiqsut Design Outdoor Temperature: ‐41 deg F
Weather/Fuel City: Nuiqsut Heating Degree Days: 20,370 deg F‐days
Utility Information
Electric Utility: Nuiqsut North Slope Borough Commercial Natural Gas Provider: Nuiqsut Natural Gas
Average Annual Cost/kWh: $0.080/kWh Average Annual Cost/ccf: $0.018/ccf
Annual Energy Cost Estimate
Description Space
Heating
Space
Cooling
Water
Heating Lighting
Other
Electrica
l
Cooking Clothes
Drying
Ventilation
Fans
Service
Fees
Total
Cost
Existing
Building
$5,013 $0 $0 $7,265 $2,336 $0 $67 $0 $0 $14,681
With
Proposed
Retrofits
$4,235
subtracted
$200 ‐ 396
$0 $0 $2,171
subtracted
200
$2,130 $0 $42 $0 $0 $8,578
SAVINGS $778 $0 $0 $5,094 $205 $0 $25 $0 $0 $6,100
Appendix B
Energy Audit – Energy Analysis and Cost Comparison
AkWarm Commercial Audit Software
Maintenance and Operations Shops
Page 2
$0
$2,000
$4,000
$6,000
$8,000
$10,000
$12,000
$14,000
$16,000
Existing Retrofit
Space Heating
Other Electrical
Lighting
Clothes Drying
Annual Energy Costs by End Use
Appendix B
Energy Audit – Energy Analysis and Cost Comparison
AkWarm Commercial Audit Software
Maintenance and Operations Shops
Page 3
PRIORITY LIST – RECOMMENDED ENERGY EFFICIENCY MEASURES
Rank Feature Recommendation Annual Energy
Savings
Installed
Cost
SIR Payback
(Years)
1 Setback Thermostat:
Storage and
warehouse
Implement a Heating
Temperature Unoccupied
Setback to 55.0 deg F for
the Storage and
warehouse space.
$105 $1,200 1.09 11.5
2 Setback Thermostat:
Equipment bays
Implement a Heating
Temperature Unoccupied
Setback to 55.0 deg F for
the Equipment bays space.
$47 $600 0.98 12.7
3 Lighting: Interior
lighting ‐ vestibules,
offices, bathrooms
utilizing retrofitted
OS in switch
Replace with 134 FLUOR
(2) T8 4' F32T8 28W
Energy‐Saver Instant
StdElectronic and Remove
Manual Switching and Add
new Occupancy Sensor
$1,054 $7,350 0.92 7
4 Lighting: Interior
lighting ‐
incandescent bulbs
Replace with 12 FLUOR
CFL, A Lamp 20W and
Remove Manual Switching
and Add new Occupancy
Sensor
$115 $810 0.91 7
5 Other Electrical:
Duplex Head bolt
heaters
Improve Manual Switching $137 $1,000 0.88 7.3
6 Lighting: Exterior
lighting ‐ 200W wall
packs
Replace with 8 LED 72W
Module StdElectronic
$848 $6,400 0.85 7.5
7 Lighting: Interior
lighting ‐ offices
Replace with 19 FLUOR (4)
T8 4' F32T8 28W Energy‐
Saver Instant StdElectronic
and Remove Manual
Switching and Add new
Occupancy Sensor
$496 $3,750 0.84 7.6
8 Lighting: Exterior
lighting ‐ 100W wall
packs
Replace with 11 LED 35W
Module StdElectronic
$646 $5,500 0.75 8.5
9 Lighting: Interior
lighting ‐ storage
areas, corridors
requiring ceiling
mounted, dual
technology OS
Replace with 103 FLUOR
(2) T8 4' F32T8 28W
Energy‐Saver Instant
StdElectronic and Remove
Manual Switching and Add
new Occupancy Sensor
$978 $19,050 0.33 19.5
Appendix B
Energy Audit – Energy Analysis and Cost Comparison
AkWarm Commercial Audit Software
Maintenance and Operations Shops
Page 4
PRIORITY LIST – RECOMMENDED ENERGY EFFICIENCY MEASURES
Rank Feature Recommendation Annual Energy
Savings
Installed
Cost
SIR Payback
(Years)
10 Setback Thermostat:
Offices, corridors,
stairwells
Implement a Heating
Temperature Unoccupied
Setback to 55.0 deg F for
the Offices, corridors,
stairwells space.
$29 $1,200 0.30 41.7
11 Other Electrical: De‐
Stratification Fan
Replace 2 high bay fans
with 2 Industrial grade
ceiling fans and Remove
Manual Switching and Add
new Clock Timer or Other
Scheduling Control
$64 $1,600 0.26 25
12 Setback Thermostat:
Overnight residences
Implement a Heating
Temperature Unoccupied
Setback to 55.0 deg F for
the Overnight residences
space.
$8 $600 0.16 76.2
13 Lighting: Interior
lighting ‐ storage
areas ‐ single lamp
T12
Replace with 100 FLUOR
T8 4' F32T8 28W Energy‐
Saver Instant StdElectronic
and Remove Manual
Switching and Add new
Occupancy Sensor
$370 $15,700 0.15 42.5
14 Lighting: Interior
lighting ‐ high bay
Replace with 20 FLUOR (4)
T5 45.2" F54W/T5 HO
Energy‐Saver HighLight
StdElectronic and Remove
Manual Switching and Add
new Occupancy Sensor
$321 $14,400 0.14 44.8
Appendix B
Energy Audit – Energy Analysis and Cost Comparison
AkWarm Commercial Audit Software
Maintenance and Operations Shops
Page 5
PRIORITY LIST – RECOMMENDED ENERGY EFFICIENCY MEASURES
Rank Feature Recommendation Annual Energy
Savings
Installed
Cost
SIR Payback
(Years)
15 HVAC And DHW At end of life (EOL),
replace B‐1 with (2)
smaller, condensing, high
efficiency boilers such as
that identified above, and
replace B‐2 with similar
sized, higher efficiency
version. These boilers
would modulate the
load, coming on‐line as
needed to meet the load
increase. (Use $40,000 as
installed cost; boilers are
not being replaced until
EOL and
there is not a significant
cost difference between
high efficiency
recommendations and std
boilers, but replacing 1
boiler with 2 boilers
requires additional
plumbing, piping, venting,
etc. estimated to be
approximately $40,000 –
actual estimated total
replacement cost is $150k‐
200k)
$63 $40,000 0.02 636.8
16 Lighting: Interior
lighting ‐ parts
storage room, with
T8's
Remove Manual Switching
and Add new Occupancy
Sensor; at next re‐lamp,
replace lamps with 15
FLUOR T8 4' F32T8 28W
high efficiency
$0 $150 0.00 Infinity
Appe
ndix
G‐1
Exit Signs Replace un‐lit Exit signs
with either glow‐in‐the‐
dark or self luminous LED‐
lit signs for safety reasons
negative $60 ea for
glow‐in‐
the‐dark;
$200 ea
for self
luminous
n/a n/a
Appe
ndix
G‐2
Inoperable window –
second floor living
quarters
Window falls out when
attempting to open, needs
to be repaired or replaced
for safety reasons
Maintenance item n/a n/a n/a
Appendix B
Energy Audit – Energy Analysis and Cost Comparison
AkWarm Commercial Audit Software
Maintenance and Operations Shops
Page 6
PRIORITY LIST – RECOMMENDED ENERGY EFFICIENCY MEASURES
Rank Feature Recommendation Annual Energy
Savings
Installed
Cost
SIR Payback
(Years)
Appe
ndix
G‐3
Appliances and
Living Quarters
Empty and unplug
refrigerator (there is a
second one in lunch
room), shut down and
keep unoccupied until
brought back into service
0 0
Appe
ndix
G‐4
Clothes washer and
Dryer
Replace at EOL with higher
efficiency, Energy Star
models
$25 0
Appe
ndix
G‐5
Horizontal furnace in
HES
Repair burner, bring back
on line for ventilation,
make‐up air and office
heat
Maintenance item n/a n/a n/a
Appe
ndix
G‐6
Vehicle Exhaust
system in PW south
equipment bay
Bring back to operable
state for safety reasons
Maintenance item n/a n/a n/a
Appe
ndix
G‐7
Plumbing Fixtures:
(3) W.C., (3)
lavatories, (1) urinal
Replace all fixtures with
low flow versions
Appe
ndix
G‐8
Sewage and waste
plumbing backup
Make repairs to remedy
problem (Maintenance
crew is working the
problem)
$400 n/a n/a n/a
Appe
ndix
G‐9
De‐Stratification
Fans in high bay
vehicle storage and
shop areas
Install total of 6 industrial
grade fans (add 4 more) in
both buildings.
$396 $2800 6.5
TOTAL $6,100 $122,110 0.3 20.0
26
Appendix C – Mechanical Equipment Schedules
ALL SCHEDULES COMPILED FROM ON‐SITE NAMEPLATE OBSERVATION ‐ WHERE ACCESSIBLE
AIR HANDLER SCHEDULE
SYMBOL MFGR/MODEL
FAN
CFM
MOTOR
DATA
HP/VOLTS/PH REMARKS
AH‐1 PW Trane Torrivent TVDB08AEOF3DRR04 3000 1.5/208/3 Vehicle storage bay ‐ south
AH‐2 PW Trane Torrivent TVDB10AEOC3KLL02 2000 1/208/3 vehicle storage bay ‐ west
HEAT VENTILATION SCHEDULE
SYMBOL MFGR/MODEL
FAN
CFM
FAN DATA
HP/VOLTS/PH REMARKS
HV‐1 PW unknown 100 60W/115/1 Located in stairwell
HV‐2 PW unknown 100 60W/115/1 Located in stairwell
HV‐3 PW unknown 100 60W/115/1 located in vehicle storage, north side of building
HV‐4 PW unknown 100 60W/115/1 located in vehicle storage, north side of building
DE‐STRATIFICATION FAN SCHEDULE
SYMBOL MOTOR MFGR/MODEL CFM
MOTOR
DATA
HP/VOLTS/PH REMARKS
DF‐1 PW unknown ‐ 60W/115/1 in South equipment storage bay
DF‐2 PW unknown ‐ 60W/115/1 office
DF‐3 PW unknown ‐ 60W/115/1 office
DF‐4 HES unknown ‐ 60W/115/1 in equipment bay
EXHAUST FAN SCHEDULE
SYMBOL MOTOR MFGR/MODEL CFM
MOTOR
DATA
HP/VOLTS/PH REMARKS
EF‐1 HES Marathon UVH145TTDR5326AA ‐ 1.5/208/3 Vehicle exhaust
EF‐2 HES Baldor M3116 ‐ 1/208/3 Welding/machine shop exhaust
EF‐3 PW Marathon ‐ .5/208/3 Vehicle exhaust ‐ South bay ‐ inoperable
EF‐4 PW unknown ‐ unknown Vehicle exhaust ‐ West bay ‐ not in use
EF‐5 PW unknown 85 60W/115/1 Bathroom exhaust
EF‐6 PW unknown 85 60W/115/1 Bathroom exhaust
EF‐7 PW unknown 85 60W/115/1 Bathroom exhaust
EF‐8 PW unknown 45 30W/115/1 Kitchen exhaust fan
PUMP SCHEDULE ‐ ALL PW
SYMBOL MFGR/MODEL GPM
MOTOR
DATA
HP/VOLTS/PH REMARKS
CP‐1 Marathon 3VK56T170552B 45 1.5/208/3 All circulating pumps located in PW boiler rm
CP‐2 Marathon 3VK56T170552B 45 1.5/208/3 All circulating pumps located in PW boiler rm
CP‐3 Marathon 3VK56T170552B 45 1.5/208/3 All circulating pumps located in PW boiler rm
CP‐4 Marathon 3VK56T170552B 45 1.5/208/3 All circulating pumps located in PW boiler rm
27
CP‐5 Marathon 3VK56T170552B 45 1.5/208/3 All circulating pumps located in PW boiler rm
CP‐6 Marathon 3VK56T170552B 45 1.5/208/3 All circulating pumps located in PW boiler rm
BOILER SCHEDULE ‐ ALL PW
SYMBOL MFGR/MODEL
MOTOR
DATA
HP/VOLTS/PH REMARKS
B‐1 Burnham 3‐pass, dual fuel 1/115/1
3‐pass, 1941 MBU input, 1553 MBH output,
80% efficient, cast iron sectional
B‐2 Burnham 3‐pass, dual fuel 1/115/1
3‐pass, 1941 MBU input, 1553 MBH output,
80% efficient, cast iron sectional
UNIT HEATER SCHEDULE
SYMBOL MFGR/MODEL CFM
MOTOR DATA
HP/VOLTS/PH REMARKS
UH‐1 PW Trane UHSA 60S Hydronic 815 .1/115/1 or equivelent
UH‐2 PW Trane UHSA 60S Hydronic 815 .1/115/1 or equivelent
UH‐3 PW Trane UHSA 60S Hydronic 815 .1/115/1 or equivelent
UH‐4 PW Trane UHSA 60S Hydronic 815 .1/115/1 or equivelent
UH‐5 PW Trane UHSA 60S Hydronic 815 .1/115/1 or equivelent
UH‐6 PW Trane UHSA 60S Hydronic 815 .1/115/1 or equivelent
UH‐7 PW Trane UHSA 60S Hydronic 815 .1/115/1 or equivelent
UH‐8 PW Trane UHSA 60S Hydronic 815 .1/115/1 or equivelent
UH‐9 PW Trane UHSA 60S Hydronic 815 .1/115/1 or equivelent
UH‐10
PW Trane UHSA 60S Hydronic 815 .1/115/1 or equivelent
UH‐11
PW Trane UHSA 60S Hydronic 815 .1/115/1 or equivelent
UH‐12
PW Trane UHSA 60S Hydronic 815 .1/115/1 or equivelent
UH‐13
PW Trane UHSA 60S Hydronic 815 .1/115/1 or equivelent
UH‐14
HES
Modine PDP250AE0130 NG
fired 2500 7.7A/115/1 250 MBU/hr input, 200 MBU/hr output
UH‐15
HES
Modine PDP250AE0130 NG
fired 2500 7.7A/115/1 250 MBU/hr input, 200 MBU/hr output
UN‐16
HES
Modine HD 100AS0111 NG
fired 1500 4.7A/115/1 100 MBU/hr input, 80 MBU/hr output
UN‐17
HES
Modine HD 100AS0111 NG
fired 1500 4.7A/115/1 100 MBU/hr input, 80 MBU/hr output
UH‐18
HES Reznor OUB95 Oil fired 1000 .14/115/1 118 MBU/hr input, 94 MBU/hr output
UH‐19
HES Reznor OUB95 Oil fired 1000 .14/115/1 118 MBU/hr input, 94 MBU/hr output
UH‐20
HES Reznor OUB95 Oil fired 1000 .14/115/1 118 MBU/hr input, 94 MBU/hr output
28
HOT WATER GENERATOR SCHEDULE ‐ PW
SYMBOL MFGR/MODEL GALLONS
NUMBER OF
ELEMENTS ELEMENT SIZE
HW‐1 State/6‐32‐30‐SFE 82 6 5000 W
RADIATION SCHEDULE ‐ ALL PW
SYMBOL MFGR/MODEL
LENGTH
(ft)
WATTS PER
FOOT
EFT‐1 unknown 6 250
EFT‐2 unknown 1 250
EFT‐3 unknown 1 250
EFT‐4 unknown 1 250
FURNACE ‐ HES
SYMBOL MFGR/MODEL FAN CFM
MOTOR DATA
HP/VOLTS/PH REMARKS
F‐1 unknown unknown .5/208/3
non‐operable, needs burner, also provides
make‐up air
PLUMBING FIXTURES ‐ ALL PW
SYMBOL FIXTURE GPF REMARKS
P‐1 W.C. 3 manually operated
P‐2 W.C. 3 manually operated
P‐3 W.C. 3 manually operated
P‐4 Urinal 1.5 manually operated
P‐5 Lavatory ‐ manually operated
P‐6 Lavatory ‐ manually operated
P‐7 Lavatory ‐ manually operated
P‐8 Bathtub/Shower ‐ manually operated
P‐9 Clothes Washer residential type, top loading
29 Appendix C – Lighting Schedule LIGHTING FIXTURES SYMBOL FIXTURE DESCRIPTION MOUNTING LAMPS TYPE HEIGHT NUMBER WATTS A Wall pack HPS ‐ Exterior, magnetic ballast surface 20' 1 200 B Wall pack HPS ‐ Exterior, magnetic ballast surface under soffit 1 100 C T12‐2 Florescent, T12 lamps, magnetic ballast surface ceiling 2 40 D T12‐2 Florescent, T12 lamps, magnetic ballast recess ceiling 2 40 E T12‐1 Florescent, T12 lamps, magnetic ballast surface ceiling 1 40 F T12‐4 Florescent, T12 lamps, magnetic ballast recess ceiling 4 40 G T8‐1 Florescent, T8 lamps, electronic ballast surface ceiling 1 32 I Incandescent wall mount fixture surface 7' 1 60 J Pendant HPS ‐ Interior, high bay, magnetic ballast hanging high bay 1 250 K T12‐4 Florescent, T12 lamps, magnetic ballast surface ceiling 4 40
30 Appendix D Building Fl oor Plan
31 Appendix E Lighting Plan – first floor See second floor mezzanine on next sheet
32 Appendix E Lighting Plan – second floor Second floor mezzanine
33 Appendix F – Mechanical Schematics Heavy Equipment Shop Public Works Building
34
Appendix G
Additional, Bulding-Specific EEM details
G-1: Exit Signs: Most of the exit signs in the building are un-lit and do not have
power readily available. In many cases it did not appear that emergency lighting
would illuminate them sufficiently to meet egress requirements. Where there is
ample ambient light (5 ft candles) to utilize a glow-in-the-dark sign it should be
used ($60 ea). Where there is insufficient ambient light, a self luminous signs
should be used (available in 10 year and 20 year versions, from $150-$200 ea).
Where power is already available, the existing lit signs should be replaced with
LED-lit signs which require no bulb changes for 10 years, and consume 10% of
the energy. Typical payback for LED exit signs is less than 6 months.
Above and below, un-lit exit signs typical of the entire building. Above, there is
insufficient ambient light for a glow-in-the-dark sign, so a self luminous, LED-lit sign
should be used. Below, there is sufficient ambient light to use a glow-in-the-dark sign.
35
G-2: Inoperable window: The window shown below is inoperable and should be
replaced as a maintenance item (it nearly fell out when opened),
G-3: Appliances and Living quarters: The refrigerator below should be unplugged,
the thermostat turned down and the space (second floor living quarters) left un-
occupied until it is needed in service. (there is a second refrigerator in lunch room on
first floor)
36
G-4: Appliances: Replace washer and dryer at EOL with higher efficiency models.
G-5: Horizontal furnace in HES: This furnace provides heated make-up air to the
HES building, as well as being the sole source of heat to the office and machine/weld
shop. The burner needs to be replaced (the maintenance lead is very aware of this).
37
G-6: Vehicle exhaust: The exhaust vent and blower shown below appears to be
inoperable. The flammable storage cabinet and vehicles with engines running in this
space suggest that this should be repaired.
G-7: Plumbing fixtures: All toilets and faucets should be retrofitted or be
replaced with fixtures that have proximity sensing on/off controls. This audit
does not include water usage and AKWarm does not allow for the modeling of
this, but a typical faucet retrofit will result in 30% water savings and will
payback in under 3 years. Installing 2-level flush toilets (.9 gallons per flush for
liquids, 1.6 gallons for solids) typically saves 33% water, and pays back in
under 2 years. Waterless urinals require more routine maintenance, but save
100% of water used, and typically pay back within 3 years.
G-8: Waste and sewage plumbing problems: Maintenance has been
attempting to remedy the chronic sewage overflow into the first floor shower
through “roto-rooter” solutions. This has been ineffective. The lack of building
plans and concrete floor make the correct solution difficult and expensive. But
this recurring problem forces use of the second floor bathroom and
subsequently, gives employees access to the living quarters – all of which
could be closed down, saving both lighting heating costs year round.
38
G-9: Install industrial grade de-stratification fans in high bay vehicle storage and
shop areas: De-strat fans typically save from 12%-23% in high-ceiling space-heating
costs, depending on the temperature difference at the ceiling and at floor level, and
the ceiling height. For a 5 degree F temperature difference between the floor and 20
foot ceiling (most high ceiling spaces have a larger temperature difference), a 12%
savings in energy cost for that space should be realized. It is recommended existing
fans be removed, and 3 fans be installed in the HES, 1 in the west storage bay of the
public works building, and 2 in the south bay of the public works building. Estimated
cost for (6) fans is $4200. In this audit the heating costs for the high bay areas are not
available apart from the overall building costs, but high bay areas make up 30% of the
total area of these buildings. So a reasonable estimation of annual savings, based on
proportional square footage is 12% of 30% of the total of $11,000 space heating
energy costs, this equals $396/yr. Payback is 10 years.
39
Appendix H
Benchmark Utility Data Analysis and Determination
Nortech Engineering only provided 2009 and 2010 electricity consumption data, This
building also used fuel oil (FO) and Natural Gas (NG) during the benchmark period.
NATURAL GAS
NG usage data was obtained from NSB Administration and Finance Utility Billing. The
raw data is in Table 3 below. As observed, the data is suspect. Table 5 is the result
of a process to try to glean good benchmark data from the data provided.
Table 3 Table 4 Table 5
Raw Data from NSB (CCF)
Pick out legitimate‐
looking data points
(CCF)
Construct
reasonable
seasonal curve,
interpolate the
missing points
Date Meter Reading Usage Month Usage Month Usage
1/26/2010 1,607,100
28‐Jan‐10 1,639,700 32,600
24‐Feb‐10 2,085,600 445,900
31‐Jul‐10 709 ‐2,084,891
31‐Aug‐10 3,631 2,922 Sept Sept 1200
30‐Sep‐10 35,360 31,729 Oct Oct 2150
Nov Nov 3000
31‐Dec‐10 44,011 8,651 Dec 8651 Dec 3500
31‐Jan‐11 48,782 4,771 Jan 4711 Jan 4711
28‐Feb‐11 63,281 14,499 Feb Feb 4900
31‐Mar‐11 57,789 ‐5,492 Mar Mar 3800
30‐Apr‐11 61,111 3,322 Apr 3322 Apr 3322
31‐May‐11 62,610 1,499 May 1499 May 1499
30‐Jun‐11 64,385 1,775 June 1775 June 1775
31‐Jul‐11 65,618 1,233 July 1233 July 1233
30‐Aug‐11 66,246 628 Aug 628 Aug 628
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
Sept Nov Jan Mar May July
Table 4
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
Sept Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug
Table 5 ‐with interpolated data points
40
FUEL OIL
Fuel Oil data was obtained from Kuukpik Corporation’s (the NSB contracted to manage
FO delivery to Nuiqsut) sales receipts to the subject building/Department. It too, is
suspect. The raw data for 2009 is shown in Table 6 below. These are individual oil
deliveries, and they include truck and heavy equipment re-fueling, as well as heating oil
deliveries.
Deliveries over 300 gallons were selected as a filter to eliminate truck re-fueling
(understanding that there are very few 290 gallon truck tanks – but the conclusion does
not change). The Monthly totals were tabulated in the right column, converted to
MMBTU’s, and plotted in Table 7 below.
Table 6 – Raw data from Kuukpik
10/3/2011
Kuukpik
Fuel
10:50 AM Sales Detail
DMS
Date
Receipt
#
Receipt
Type
Full
Name
Qty
Sold
MONTHLY
TOTALS
(gallons)
1/5/2009 12428 Sales
NSB-
DMS 585.00 585.00
1/8/2009 12587 Sales
NSB-
DMS 25.81
1/9/2009 12604 Sales
NSB-
DMS 31.67
1/9/2009 12603 Sales
NSB-
DMS 1640.53 1,640.53
1/15/2009 12918 Sales
NSB-
DMS 812.50 812.50
1/22/2009 13308 Sales
NSB-
DMS 520.71 520.71
1/27/2009 13618 Sales
NSB-
DMS 1046.00 1,046.00
1/28/2009 13643 Sales
NSB-
DMS 1573.42 1,573.42
1/28/2009 13619 Sales
NSB-
DMS 1866.43 1,866.43
1/31/2009 13872 Sales
NSB-
DMS 7158.00 7,158.00
1/31/2009 13829 Sales
NSB-
DMS 250.63
2/3/2009 13954 Sales
NSB-
DMS 644.15 644.15
2/3/2009 13993 Sales
NSB-
DMS 140.42
2/3/2009 13992 Sales
NSB-
DMS 202.43
2/3/2009 13959 Sales
NSB-
DMS 644.15 644.15
2/9/2009 14359 Sales
NSB-
DMS 14.31
2/10/2009 14403 Sales
NSB-
DMS 24.68
2/10/2009 14426 Sales
NSB-
DMS 19.86
2/11/2009 14452 Sales
NSB-
DMS 1051.00 1,051.00
2/12/2009 14507 Sales
NSB-
DMS 1990.28 1,990.28
2/12/2009 14495 Sales
NSB-
DMS 4.60
41
2/12/2009 14492 Sales
NSB-
DMS 23.70
2/18/2009 14686 Sales
NSB-
DMS 25.75
2/20/2009 14827 Sales
NSB-
DMS 460.33 460.33
2/21/2009 14889 Sales
NSB-
DMS 460.33 460.33
2/21/2009 14888 Sales
NSB-
DMS 52.57
2/21/2009 14898 Sales
NSB-
DMS 1.56
2/26/2009 15161 Sales
NSB-
DMS 37.37
2/27/2009 15202 Sales
NSB-
DMS 27.50
2/27/2009 15207 Sales
NSB-
DMS 24.44
2/27/2009 15210 Sales
NSB-
DMS 22.59
2/27/2009 15175 Sales
NSB-
DMS 50.00
2/27/2009 15178 Sales
NSB-
DMS 1.00
2/27/2009 15201 Sales
NSB-
DMS 1833.80 1,833.80
3/4/2009 15437 Sales
NSB-
DMS 179.09
3/4/2009 15436 Sales
NSB-
DMS 98.80
3/6/2009 15506 Sales
NSB-
DMS 14.75
3/7/2009 15626 Sales
NSB-
DMS 1077.81 1,077.81
3/18/2009 16082 Sales
NSB-
DMS 10.14
3/18/2009 16120 Sales
NSB-
DMS 905.42 905.42
3/18/2009 16095 Sales
NSB-
DMS 50.01
3/19/2009 16166 Sales
NSB-
DMS 60.16
3/20/2009 16237 Sales
NSB-
DMS 535.31 535.31
3/21/2009 16257 Sales
NSB-
DMS 7.85
3/26/2009 16488 Sales
NSB-
DMS 1853.35 1,853.35
3/27/2009 16539 Sales
NSB-
DMS 250.08
4/13/2009 17274 Sales
NSB-
DMS 62.58
4/13/2009 17287 Sales
NSB-
DMS 870.86 870.86
4/13/2009 17285 Sales
NSB-
DMS 996.22 996.22
4/14/2009 17328 Sales
NSB-
DMS 336.48
4/18/2009 17504 Sales
NSB-
DMS 3188.44 3,188.44
4/20/2009 17540 Sales
NSB-
DMS 566.70 566.70
4/22/2009 17624 Sales
NSB-
DMS 824.80 824.80
4/29/2009 17895 Sales
NSB-
DMS 534.42 534.42
5/1/2009 17955 Sales
NSB-
DMS 5.00
5/6/2009 18163 Sales
NSB-
DMS 35.01
5/14/2009 18438 Sales
NSB-
DMS 46.26
5/14/2009 18437 Sales
NSB-
DMS 88.65
42
5/28/2009 18849 Sales
NSB-
DMS 1014.00 1,014.00
6/18/2009 19589 Sales
NSB-
DMS 1.00
6/18/2009 19578 Sales
NSB-
DMS 10.10
6/20/2009 19623 Sales
NSB-
DMS 56.31
6/22/2009 19692 Sales
NSB-
DMS 41.56
6/22/2009 19675 Sales
NSB-
DMS 12.15
6/23/2009 19743 Sales
NSB-
DMS 6.70
6/23/2009 19745 Sales
NSB-
DMS 26.11
6/23/2009 19742 Sales
NSB-
DMS 59.50
6/23/2009 19732 Sales
NSB-
DMS 24.19
6/23/2009 19741 Sales
NSB-
DMS 26.60
6/24/2009 19781 Sales
NSB-
DMS 34.71
6/24/2009 19769 Sales
NSB-
DMS 30.01
6/26/2009 19809 Sales
NSB-
DMS 26.24
6/26/2009 19804 Sales
NSB-
DMS 31.02
6/29/2009 19944 Sales
NSB-
DMS 41.07
6/30/2009 19995 Sales
NSB-
DMS 1011.00 1,011.00
6/30/2009 20009 Sales
NSB-
DMS 23.27
6/30/2009 19964 Sales
NSB-
DMS 42.93
6/30/2009 19988 Sales
NSB-
DMS 11.19
7/1/2009 20021 Sales
NSB-
DMS 66.57
7/2/2009 20087 Sales
NSB-
DMS 23.07
7/2/2009 20084 Sales
NSB-
DMS 34.02
7/6/2009 20154 Sales
NSB-
DMS 26.69
7/6/2009 20153 Sales
NSB-
DMS 53.00
7/6/2009 20182 Sales
NSB-
DMS 56.96
7/7/2009 20252 Sales
NSB-
DMS -1.00
7/7/2009 20251 Sales
NSB-
DMS 81.15
7/7/2009 20250 Sales
NSB-
DMS 1.00
7/8/2009 20272 Sales
NSB-
DMS 23.71
7/8/2009 20270 Sales
NSB-
DMS 20.37
7/9/2009 20300 Sales
NSB-
DMS 11.19
7/9/2009 20295 Sales
NSB-
DMS 59.39
7/10/2009 20356 Sales
NSB-
DMS 45.17
7/10/2009 20358 Sales
NSB-
DMS 23.15
7/13/2009 20450 Sales
NSB-
DMS 36.37
7/13/2009 20448 Sales
NSB-
DMS 29.25
43
7/13/2009 20445 Sales
NSB-
DMS 42.65
7/14/2009 20483 Sales
NSB-
DMS 29.69
7/15/2009 20520 Sales
NSB-
DMS 65.03
7/15/2009 20523 Sales
NSB-
DMS 432.32 432.32
7/16/2009 20546 Sales
NSB-
DMS 23.81
7/17/2009 20583 Sales
NSB-
DMS 86.46
7/17/2009 20568 Sales
NSB-
DMS 10.00
7/18/2009 20616 Sales
NSB-
DMS 22.05
7/18/2009 20613 Sales
NSB-
DMS 75.73
7/21/2009 20698 Sales
NSB-
DMS 33.28
7/21/2009 20707 Sales
NSB-
DMS 12.31
7/22/2009 20739 Sales
NSB-
DMS 705.60 705.60
7/22/2009 20730 Sales
NSB-
DMS 15.71
7/22/2009 20753 Sales
NSB-
DMS 24.86
7/22/2009 20751 Sales
NSB-
DMS 28.58
7/22/2009 20748 Sales
NSB-
DMS 22.27
7/24/2009 20819 Sales
NSB-
DMS 60.00
7/24/2009 20812 Sales
NSB-
DMS 76.11
7/27/2009 20911 Sales
NSB-
DMS 44.00
7/27/2009 20913 Sales
NSB-
DMS 10.00
7/27/2009 20936 Sales
NSB-
DMS 47.22
7/27/2009 20918 Sales
NSB-
DMS 488.38 488.38
7/28/2009 20959 Sales
NSB-
DMS 31.34
7/28/2009 20968 Sales
NSB-
DMS 5.00
7/28/2009 20966 Sales
NSB-
DMS 30.84
7/28/2009 20962 Sales
NSB-
DMS 29.42
7/29/2009 21000 Sales
NSB-
DMS 645.18 645.18
7/29/2009 21022 Sales
NSB-
DMS 40.76
7/29/2009 21017 Sales
NSB-
DMS 84.76
7/29/2009 21006 Sales
NSB-
DMS 60.00
7/29/2009 21015 Sales
NSB-
DMS 15.78
7/30/2009 21035 Sales
NSB-
DMS 5.00
7/31/2009 21065 Sales
NSB-
DMS 25.06
7/31/2009 21086 Sales
NSB-
DMS 53.67
7/31/2009 21077 Sales
NSB-
DMS 31.95
7/31/2009 21066 Sales
NSB-
DMS 21.81
8/1/2009 21110 Sales
NSB-
DMS 718.69
44
8/1/2009 21128 Sales
NSB-
DMS 603.60
8/3/2009 21195 Sales
NSB-
DMS -603.60
8/3/2009 21197 Sales
NSB-
DMS -718.69
8/3/2009 21176 Sales
NSB-
DMS 21.42
8/3/2009 21194 Sales
NSB-
DMS 65.01
8/5/2009 21250 Sales
NSB-
DMS 26.04
8/6/2009 21286 Sales
NSB-
DMS 63.00
8/10/2009 21424 Sales
NSB-
DMS 23.72
8/10/2009 21447 Sales
NSB-
DMS 974.98 974.98
8/11/2009 21486 Sales
NSB-
DMS 35.10
8/13/2009 21577 Sales
NSB-
DMS 23.27
8/13/2009 21552 Sales
NSB-
DMS 1673.97 1,673.97
8/17/2009 21677 Sales
NSB-
DMS 22.15
8/17/2009 21655 Sales
NSB-
DMS 26.03
8/18/2009 21695 Sales
NSB-
DMS 99.18
8/20/2009 21753 Sales
NSB-
DMS 5.47
8/20/2009 21752 Sales
NSB-
DMS 60.81
8/21/2009 21772 Sales
NSB-
DMS 40.04
8/21/2009 21771 Sales
NSB-
DMS 33.26
8/24/2009 21904 Sales
NSB-
DMS 25.52
8/24/2009 21893 Sales
NSB-
DMS 30.00
8/24/2009 21908 Sales
NSB-
DMS 22.42
8/24/2009 21907 Sales
NSB-
DMS 10.00
8/26/2009 21953 Sales
NSB-
DMS 25.46
8/26/2009 21948 Sales
NSB-
DMS 26.13
8/28/2009 22039 Sales
NSB-
DMS 202.50
8/28/2009 22025 Sales
NSB-
DMS 21.48
8/31/2009 22076 Sales
NSB-
DMS 10.00
9/1/2009 22109 Sales
NSB-
DMS 94.94
9/4/2009 22244 Sales
NSB-
DMS 10.00
9/8/2009 22321 Sales
NSB-
DMS 41.73
9/8/2009 22329 Sales
NSB-
DMS 30.74
9/9/2009 22351 Sales
NSB-
DMS 1293.09 1,293.09
9/9/2009 22344 Sales
NSB-
DMS 33.41
9/9/2009 22364 Sales
NSB-
DMS 25.05
9/9/2009 22363 Sales
NSB-
DMS 308.46 308.46
9/10/2009 22376 Sales
NSB-
DMS 15.87
45
9/10/2009 22395 Sales
NSB-
DMS 75.98
9/15/2009 22517 Sales
NSB-
DMS 10.00
9/18/2009 22581 Sales
NSB-
DMS 34.96
9/19/2009 22640 Sales
NSB-
DMS 35.07
9/21/2009 22672 Sales
NSB-
DMS 24.90
9/24/2009 22754 Sales
NSB-
DMS 57.66
9/24/2009 22745 Sales
NSB-
DMS 999.41 999.41
9/24/2009 22742 Sales
NSB-
DMS 24.64
9/25/2009 22796 Sales
NSB-
DMS 45.45
9/25/2009 22777 Sales
NSB-
DMS 34.06
9/28/2009 22844 Sales
NSB-
DMS 62.39
9/28/2009 22849 Sales
NSB-
DMS 26.58
9/28/2009 22837 Sales
NSB-
DMS 24.23
9/29/2009 22889 Sales
NSB-
DMS 2.00
9/30/2009 22901 Sales
NSB-
DMS 58.00
9/30/2009 22899 Sales
NSB-
DMS 30.00
10/1/2009 22941 Sales
NSB-
DMS 70.27
10/1/2009 22947 Sales
NSB-
DMS 40.01
10/6/2009 23100 Sales
NSB-
DMS 95.03
10/6/2009 23116 Sales
NSB-
DMS 42.01
10/6/2009 23110 Sales
NSB-
DMS 20.06
10/8/2009 23179 Sales
NSB-
DMS 55.00
10/8/2009 23191 Sales
NSB-
DMS 666.77
10/9/2009 23213 Sales
NSB-
DMS 59.79
10/12/2009 23279 Sales
NSB-
DMS 33.39
10/12/2009 23284 Sales
NSB-
DMS -666.77
10/12/2009 23283 Sales
NSB-
DMS 27.01
10/12/2009 23282 Sales
NSB-
DMS 24.19
10/13/2009 23312 Sales
NSB-
DMS 23.25
10/14/2009 23342 Sales
NSB-
DMS 4.00
10/14/2009 23332 Sales
NSB-
DMS 29.78
10/15/2009 23353 Sales
NSB-
DMS 34.18
10/16/2009 23374 Sales
NSB-
DMS 26.58
10/20/2009 23446 Sales
NSB-
DMS 33.22
10/21/2009 23477 Sales
NSB-
DMS 32.76
10/21/2009 23476 Sales
NSB-
DMS 257.98
10/21/2009 23485 Sales
NSB-
DMS 55.80
46
10/21/2009 23479 Sales
NSB-
DMS 75.00
10/22/2009 23518 Sales
NSB-
DMS 30.25
10/22/2009 23495 Sales
NSB-
DMS 21.27
10/23/2009 23533 Sales
NSB-
DMS 45.73
10/27/2009 23679 Sales
NSB-
DMS 68.34
10/27/2009 23647 Sales
NSB-
DMS 10.06
10/30/2009 23785 Sales
NSB-
DMS 1.00
10/30/2009 23802 Sales
NSB-
DMS 44.01
10/31/2009 23872 Sales
NSB-
DMS 16.04
10/31/2009 23851 Sales
NSB-
DMS 68.30
11/2/2009 23913 Sales
NSB-
DMS 19.58
11/2/2009 23904 Sales
NSB-
DMS 34.38
11/3/2009 23958 Sales
NSB-
DMS 717.70 717.70
11/3/2009 23963 Sales
NSB-
DMS 62.14
11/3/2009 23948 Sales
NSB-
DMS 209.00
11/3/2009 23932 Sales
NSB-
DMS 39.93
11/3/2009 23935 Sales
NSB-
DMS 21.92
11/4/2009 23979 Sales
NSB-
DMS 936.22 936.22
11/5/2009 24011 Sales
NSB-
DMS 22.95
11/5/2009 24025 Sales
NSB-
DMS 74.67
11/5/2009 24010 Sales
NSB-
DMS 34.78
11/5/2009 24005 Sales
NSB-
DMS 26.06
11/5/2009 24009 Sales
NSB-
DMS 781.81 781.81
11/9/2009 24156 Sales
NSB-
DMS 24.01
11/10/2009 24182 Sales
NSB-
DMS 18.68
11/10/2009 24177 Sales
NSB-
DMS 24.46
11/12/2009 24209 Sales
NSB-
DMS 20.51
11/13/2009 24278 Sales
NSB-
DMS 56.57
11/13/2009 24291 Sales
NSB-
DMS 22.87
11/17/2009 24425 Sales
NSB-
DMS 18.08
11/17/2009 24426 Sales
NSB-
DMS 341.03 341.03
11/17/2009 24427 Sales
NSB-
DMS -103.50
11/17/2009 24424 Sales
NSB-
DMS 10.35
11/21/2009 24619 Sales
NSB-
DMS 13.16
11/23/2009 24653 Sales
NSB-
DMS 26.43
11/23/2009 24655 Sales
NSB-
DMS 47.29
11/24/2009 24703 Sales
NSB-
DMS 23.42
47
11/24/2009 24691 Sales
NSB-
DMS 81.94
11/25/2009 24748 Sales
NSB-
DMS 23.10
11/28/2009 24878 Sales
NSB-
DMS 14.93
12/1/2009 24924 Sales
NSB-
DMS 68.81
12/1/2009 24922 Sales
NSB-
DMS 541.51 541.51
12/2/2009 24967 Sales
NSB-
DMS 28.91
12/2/2009 24984 Sales
NSB-
DMS 19.70
12/3/2009 25015 Sales
NSB-
DMS 37.68
12/3/2009 25011 Sales
NSB-
DMS 51.74
12/4/2009 25043 Sales
NSB-
DMS 67.98
12/4/2009 25074 Sales
NSB-
DMS 21.82
12/5/2009 25164 Sales
NSB-
DMS 19.83
12/7/2009 25175 Sales
NSB-
DMS 71.98
12/8/2009 25084 Sales
NSB-
DMS 59.43
12/8/2009 25096 Sales
NSB-
DMS 49.35
12/9/2009 25247 Sales
NSB-
DMS 52.33
12/29/2009 25950 Sales
NSB-
DMS 4.87
12/29/2009 25929 Sales
NSB-
DMS 40.34
12/29/2009 25928 Sales
NSB-
DMS 25.20
12/29/2009 25949 Sales
NSB-
DMS -5.00
12/29/2009 25956 Sales
NSB-
DMS 4.56
12/29/2009 25940 Sales
NSB-
DMS 54.54
12/29/2009 25946 Sales
NSB-
DMS 5.00
12/30/2009 26003 Sales
NSB-
DMS 10.12
12/30/2009 25979 Sales
NSB-
DMS 40.02
12/30/2009 25967 Sales
NSB-
DMS 76.05
12/31/2009 26076 Sales
NSB-
DMS 48.86
12/31/2009 26017 Sales
NSB-
DMS 29.98
48
Table 7
Fuel Oil was phased out, and NG phased in sometime during 2009. Looking at Table 7
above, it would appear, if the data points selected are building FO deliveries, that this
occurred mid-2009. The NG data in Table 3 does not support this mid-2009
conversion, but to determine reasonableness, table 8 was created. It is an
extrapolation of what FO consumption might look like without the phase-over to NG.
When the total MMBTU’s in Table 8 below is compared to the NG usage, and
compared to the only other building in Nuiqsut that has accurate FO consumption data
(Trapper School), there is 3x difference in the total MMBTU’s consumed (this building
is higher). The resulting EUI is also, of course, 3x higher.
As a result of this analysis, table 3 was chosen as the utility data to use in this report,
and in AKWarm.
Table 8 – extrapolated FO usage
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
JanfebmaraprmayjunejulyaugseptoctnovdecMMBtu ‐"actual" 2009
MMBtu ‐"actual" 2009
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
JanfebmaraprmayjunejulyaugseptoctnovdecMMBtu ‐projected year without NG
MMBtu ‐projected year
without NG