HomeMy WebLinkAboutBSNC-OME-RSA Public Works 2012-EE1
Richard S. Armstrong, PE, LLC
Mechanical/Electrical Engineer
Comprehensive Energy Audit
of
Nome Public Works Building
Project # BSNC-OME-RSA-03
Prepared for:
The City of Nome
November 5, 2011
Prepared by:
Richard S. Armstrong, PE, LLC
2321 Merrill Field Drive, C-6
Anchorage, AK 99501
and
Energy Audits of Alaska
P.O. Box 220215
Anchorage, AK 98522
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Performed by: __________________________
James Fowler, PE, CEA
CEA #1705
Reviewed by: __________________________
Richard Armstrong, PE, CEM
CEA #178, CEM #13557
1. Executive Summary 4
2. Audit and Analysis Background 9
3. Acknowledgements 10
4. Building Description & Function 11
5. Historic Energy Consumption 13
6. Interactive Effects of Projects 13
7. Loan Program 14
Appendix A: Photos 15
Appendix B: AkWarm-C Report 19
Appendix C: Equipment Schedules 24
Appendix D: Building Plan 27
Appendix E: Lighting Plan 30
Appendix F: Mechanical Schematic 33
Appendix G: Additional, Building-Specific EEM detail 34
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REPORT DISCLAIMERS
The information contained in this report, including any attachments, is intended
solely for use by the building owner and the AHFC. No others are authorized to
disclose, copy, distribute or retain this report, in whole or part, without written
authorization from Richard S. Armstrong, PE, LLC, 2321 Merrill Field Drive, C-6,
Anchorage, Ak 99501. Additionally, this report contains recommendations that,
in the opinion of the auditor, will cause the owner to realize energy savings over
time. All recommendations must be designed by a registered engineer, licensed
in the State of Alaska, in the appropriate discipline. Lighting recommendations
should all be first analyzed through a thorough lighting analysis to assure that the
recommended lighting upgrades will comply with State of Alaska Statue as well
as IES recommendations.
Payback periods may vary from those forecast due to the uncertainty of the final
installed design, configuration, equipment selected, and installation costs of
recommended Energy Efficiency Measures (EEMs), or the operating schedules
and maintenance provided by the owner. Furthermore, EEMs are typically
interactive, so implementation of one EEM may impact the cost savings from
another EEM. Neither the auditor, Richard S. Armstrong, PE, LLC, AHFC, or any
other party involved in preparation of this report accepts liability for financial loss
due to EEMs that fail to meet the forecasted payback periods.
This audit meets the criteria of an Investment Grade Audit (IGA) per the
Association of Energy Engineers definition, and is valid for one year. The life of
the IGA may be extended on a case-by-case basis, at the discretion of the
AHFC.
IGA’s are the property of the State, and may be incorporated into AkWarm-C, the
Alaska Energy Data Inventory (ARIS), or other state and/or public information
system.
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1. Executive Summary
This Comprehensive Energy Audit is performed in connection with AHFC’s
Retrofit Energy Assessment for Loans (REAL) program.
Subject Building:
Nome Public Works Building
404 West 8th
Nome, AK 99762
Building Owner:
The City of Nome
102 Division Street
Nome, AK 99762
Building contacts:
Alan Maxwell, Building Inspector
907-304-3399 mobile
amaxwell@nomealaska.org
Jerry Krier, Maintenance supervisor
907-304-3398 mobile
The site visit to subject building occurred on September 9th, 2011.
Buildings
The Public Works building was constructed in 1982. It consists of vehicle
warm storage and repair bays, as well as several offices on the first and
second floors. The third floor has been converted to storage space, a
wood shop and a paint shop.
Plans and equipment schedules were not available for this building. The
plans and schedules found in the appendix’s of this report were created
from on-site measurements and observations made during the survey.
Building shell details including roof and floor construction, insulation
values and structural configuration were pieced together from
conversations with the building Maintenance Lead, as well as auditor
observations.
The building was constructed on a concrete slab poured over 2” of rigid
insulation on an un-cooled gravel bed. Walls are stud construction, with
wood ceiling joists and (presumably) trusses finished with gypsum in the
inside. Exterior siding is metal up to the barn-style roof line, then what
appears to be cedar above that on the gable ends. The two windows in
the building appear to be original, double pane, wood frame, the four
overhead doors have recently been replaced and are in very good
condition. Overall the interior and exterior of this building, considering its
age, is in average condition.
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Energy Consumption and Benchmark Data
This building shares an electric meter with its neighbor to the east, the Fire
Station (BSNC-OME-RSA-02). Electricity usage was apportioned to this
building based on its square footage and occupancy.
Benchmark data - annual consumption only – for electricity and fuel oil
was provided by Central Alaska Engineering Company. The two annual
data points provided, were distributed across 12 months by the auditor, to
estimate a seasonal curve and reasonable monthly usage. Summarized
values for energy consumption are shown in Table 1 below:
Table 1
2009 2010
Consumption Cost Consumption Cost
Electricity ‐ kWh 77,376 $ 6,293 78,208 $ 6,462
Fuel Oil ‐ gallons 6,980 $ 33,048 6,463 $ 27,440
Totals $ 39,341 $ 33,902
A benchmark measure of energy use relative to other similar function
buildings in the area is the Energy Use Index (EUI), which takes the total
annual energy used by the facility divided by the square footage area of
the building, for a value expressed in terms of kBTU/SF. This number can
then be compared to other buildings to see if it is average, higher or lower
than similar buildings in the area. Likewise, the Energy Cost Index (ECI) is
the cost of all energy used by the building expressed in $/SF of building
area. The comparative values for the subject building are shown in Table
2 below. As observed, the EUI and ECI are slightly below average, but
consistent with other buildings in Nome.
Table 2
Subject
Building
Average of (4) similar
buildings in Nome Fire Station
Energy Use Index (EUI) ‐ kBTU/SF 111 124 111
Energy Cost Index (ECI) ‐ $/SF $3.54 $4.38 $3.63
Various Energy Efficiency Measures (EEMs) have been analyzed for this
building to determine if they would be applicable for energy savings with
reasonably good payback periods. EEMs are recommended for reasons
including: 1.) they have a reasonably good payback period, 2.) for code
compliance, 3.) life cycle replacement or 4.) reasons pertaining to
operations, maintenance and/or safety. For example, where a lighting
upgrade is recommended from T-12 lamps with magnetic ballasts to T-8
lamps with electronic ballasts, then the entire facility should be re-lamped
and re-ballasted to maintain a standard lighting parts inventory, regardless
6
of the payback. An individual storage room that is infrequently used may
not show a very good payback for a lighting upgrade, but consistency and
ease of maintenance dictates a total upgrade.
Specific EEMs recommended for this facility are detailed in the attached
AkWarm Energy Audit Report in Appendix B. Each EEM includes
payback times, estimated installation costs and estimated energy savings.
The higher priority items are summarized below:
Lighting Upgrades: As part of a lighting upgrade conducted
by the city of Nome, this building has been upgraded to T8
fixtures with 32 watt lamps (in offices and storage areas)
with electronic ballasts. The high bay areas have been
retrofitted with T5 fixtures, also with electronic ballasts. At
the next re-lamp, all the T8-32 watt lamps should be
replaced with 28 watt, energy saver lamps which result in a
4% reduction in light output, but a 12% reduction in energy
consumption.
Lighting Control Upgrades: Occupant controls can sense the
presence of workers, and turn the lights on at a pre-
determined level, and then turn the lights off after a
programmed time period of no occupancy. It is
recommended to install motion sensing occupancy sensors
in the existing duplex switch boxes for all offices, corridors
and stairwells, and to install ceiling mounted, dual
technology sensors where obstacles may interfere with line-
of-sight sensors, such as in lavatories, vehicle bays and
some storage areas; the second technology in these sensors
activates lighting based on sound. Occupancy sensors could
reduce power consumption by 60-90%.
Exterior Lighting Upgrades: The exterior high pressure
sodium lights operate during periods of darkness, which is
about half of the year. It is estimated that the use of LED
exterior lights can reduce the power consumption by 60%-
80% and extend bulb replacement frequency to 5-10 years.
Setback Thermostats in vehicle bays and offices. It is
recommended that lockable setback thermostats be installed
and programmed for occupied temperatures of 72 deg F,
and unoccupied temperatures of 55 deg F. This has an
estimated payback in this building of between 2 months an
1.4 years, depending on the size of the zone.
Headbolt Heater Controls: There are retrofit headbolt heater
receptacles that replace standard duplex receptacles. They
contain an integrated microprocessor and thermometer that
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cycles power on and off in response to the outside air
temperature. Energy savings is typically 50%. The (8)
headbolt heaters around the subject buildings utilize duplex
receptacles, and are therefore retrofit-able. Payback on this
retrofit is less than 1 year.
Plumbing fixtures: All toilets, urinals and faucets should be
retrofitted or be replaced with energy efficient models. This
audit does not include water usage and AKWarm does not
allow for the modeling of this, but a typical low flow plumbing
fixture retrofit will result in 30%-66% water savings over a
pre-1992 fixture, and will payback in less than 3 years. See
Appendix G-1.
HVAC: The HVAC system in these buildings is in need of an
upgrade. The 82% efficient, oil fired boiler appears to be
original equipment, which means it is 30 years old and
approaching its end of life (EOL). At EOL, it should be
replaced with a new, high efficiency model (83-88%
efficient). Additionally, variable frequency drive (VFD)
control should be provided for the main hydronic circulator
pump, or alternatively, replace the pump at EOL with one
that has built-in VFD pressure sensing and control. The
payback will be between 1 and 5 years. See Appendix B,
item 5.
Some of the hydronic piping is un-insulated, and although it
is in conditioned space, it should be insulated – especially
after set-back thermostats are installed. See Appendix G-2.
The water supply re-circulation pump should be retrofitted
with a timer to enable a seasonal shut down during the
summer months. See Appendix G-3
Ventilation: There is no ventilation or make-up air in the
building. Given the low occupancy (3 people, who are rarely
in the building for an entire day) and recurring overhead door
openings, the addition of a full ventilation system is not cost
effective or essential. The first and second floor offices
should be retrofitted with a small heat recovery ventilator
(HRV) similar to those installed in the Nome Rec Center.
See Appendix G-4.
Make-up air should be provided by a retrofitted air handler
supplied with a hydronic coil, which would be actuated when
the exhaust blowers in the vehicle bays are turned on.
There is not a measurable energy savings resulting from
implementation of these recommendations (since the vehicle
exhaust fans are so seldom used), but air quality will
8
improve and the building will be brought closer to
compliance with building codes.
Exit Signs: Most of the exit signs in the building are un-lit
and do not have power readily available. In many cases it
did not appear that emergency lighting would illuminate them
sufficiently to meet egress requirements. Where there is
ample ambient light (5 ft candles) to utilize a glow-in-the-dark
sign it should be used ($60 ea). Where there is insufficient
ambient light, self luminous signs should be used (available
with 10 or 20 year battery life, costing from $150-$200 ea).
See Appendix G-5 for EEM.
Building Shell: There are two holes in the metal siding that
should be repaired, and an exhaust vent that should have
screening installed. See Appendix G-6.
In addition to EEMs, various Energy Conservation Measures (ECMs) are
recommended since they are policies or procedures that are followed by
management and employees that require no capital outlay. Examples of
recommended ECMs for this facility include:
1. Turning lights off when leaving a room that is not controlled
by an occupancy sensor.
2. All man-doors, roll-up doors and windows should be
properly maintained and adjusted to close and function
properly.
3. Turn off computers, printers, faxes, etc. when leaving the
office.
The 20 recommendations in this report estimate to save $14,530/year,
with an installed cost of $25,691. The combined payback on this
investment is 1.8 years. This does not include design or construction
management services,
These figures include the estimated incremental cost difference ($10,000)
between a high efficiency boiler replaced at EOL, and a straight across
replacement. For budgetary and planning purposed, the full cost of a
boiler replacement is estimated to be $50,000 to 100,000.
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2. Audit and Analysis Background
Program Description: This audit included services to identify, develop,
and evaluate energy efficiency measures for the subject building. The
scope of this project included evaluating the building shell, lighting, other
electrical systems, and heating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC)
equipment. Measures were based on their payback period, life cycle
replacement or for reasons pertaining to maintenance, operations and/or
safety.
a. Audit Description and Methodology: Preliminary audit
information was gathered in preparation for the site survey,
including benchmark utility consumption data, floor and lighting
plans, and equipment schedules, where available. A site visit is
then performed to inventory and evaluate the actual building
condition, including:
i. Building envelope (walls, doors, windows, etc)
ii. Heating, ventilating, and air conditioning
iii. Lighting systems and controls
iv. Building specific equipment
v. Plumbing Systems
b. Benchmark Utility Data Validation: Benchmark utility data
provided through AHFC’s initial phase of their REAL program is
validated, confirming that electrical and gas meter numbers on the
subject building match the meters from which the energy
consumption and cost data were collected. If the data is inaccurate
new benchmark data is obtained. In the event that there are
inconsistencies or gaps in the data, the existing data is evaluated
and missing data points are interpolated.
c. Method of Analysis: The information gathered prior to the site visit
and at the site visit is entered into AkWarm-C, an energy modeling
software program developed specifically for Alaska Housing
Finance Corporation (AHFC) to identify forecasted energy
consumption which can then be compared to actual energy
consumption. AkWarm-C also has some pre-programmed EEM
retrofit options that can be analyzed with projected energy savings
based on occupancy schedules, utility rates, building construction
type, building function, existing conditions, and climatic data
uploaded to the program based on the zip code of the building.
When new equipment is proposed, energy consumption is
calculated based on manufacturer’s cataloged information.
Energy cost savings are calculated based on the historical energy
costs for the building. Installation costs include the labor and
equipment required to implement an EEM retrofit, but design and
construction management costs are excluded. Costs are derived
from one or more of the following: Means Cost Data, industry
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publications, experience of the auditor, local contractors and/or
equipment suppliers. Haakensen Electric, Proctor Sales and
Pioneer Door, all in Anchorage were consulted for some of the
lighting, boiler and overhead door (respectively) retrofit costs.
Maintenance savings are calculated, where applicable, and are
added to the energy savings for each EEM.
The costs and savings are considered and a simple payback period
and return on investment (ROI) is calculated. The simple payback
period is based on the number of years that it takes for the savings
to pay back the net installation cost (Net Installation costs divided
by Net Savings.) In cases where the EEM recommends
replacement at EOL, the incremental cost difference between the
standard equipment in place, and the higher efficiency equipment
being recommended is used as the cost basis for payback
calculation. The SIR found in the AKWarm report is the Savings to
Investment Ratio, defined as the breakeven cost divided by the
initial installed cost.
A simple life-time calculation is shown for each EEM. The life-time
for each EEM is estimated based on the typical life of the
equipment being replaced or altered. The energy savings is
extrapolated throughout the life-time of the EEM. The total energy
savings is calculated as the total life-time multiplied by the yearly
savings.
d. Limitations of the Study: All results are dependent on the quality
of input data provided, and may only act as an approximation. In
some instances, several methods may achieve the identified
savings. This report is not intended as a final design document. A
design professional, licensed to practice in Alaska and in the
appropriate discipline, who is following the recommendations, shall
accept full responsibility and liability for the results. Budgetary
estimates for engineering and design of these projects in not
included in the cost estimate for each EEM recommendation, but
these costs can be approximated at 15% of the cost of the work.
3. Acknowledgements: We wish to acknowledge the help of numerous
individuals who have contributed information that was used to prepare this
report, including:
a. Alaska Housing Finance Corporation (Grantor): AHFC provided
the grant funds, contracting agreements, guidelines, and technical
direction for providing the audits. AHFC reviewed and approved
the final short list of buildings to be audited based on the
recommendation of the Technical Service Provider (TSP).
b. The City of Nome (Owner): The City of Nome provided building
sizing information, two years energy billing data, building schedules
and functions, as well as building age.
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c. Central Alaska Engineering Company (Benchmark TSP):
Central Alaska Engineering Company compiled the data received
from the City of Nome and entered that data into the statewide
building database, called the Alaska Retrofit Information System
(ARIS).
d. Richard S. Armstrong, PE, LLC (Audit TSP): This is the TSP
who was awarded the projects in the Arctic Slope Regional
Corporation, Bering Straits area, and the Nana area. The firm
gathered all relevant benchmark information provided to them by
Central Alaska Engineering Company, cataloged which buildings
would have the greatest potential payback, and with the building
owner, prioritized buildings to be audited based on numerous
factors, including the Energy Use Index (EUI), the Energy Cost
Index (ECI), the age of the building, the size of the building, the
location of the building, the function of the building, and the
availability of plans for the building. They also trained and assigned
their selected sub-contractors to the selected buildings, and
performed quality control reviews of the resulting audits. They
prepared a listing of potential EEMs that each auditor must
consider, as well as the potential EEMs that the individual auditor
may notice in the course of his audit. Richard S. Armstrong, PE,
LLC also performed some of the audits to assure current
knowledge of existing conditions.
e. Energy Audits of Alaska (energy auditor): This firm has been
selected to provide audits under this contract. The firm has two
mechanical engineers, certified as energy auditors and/or
professional engineers and has also received additional training
from Richard S. Armstrong, PE, LLC to acquire further specific
information regarding audit requirements and potential EEM
applications.
4. Building Description and Function:
The site visit and survey of subject building occurred on September 7th,
2011. This building has 4800 square feet on its first floor, 2/3 of which is
high bay vehicle storage and shops. The second floor has 1130 square
feet, and consists of offices and parts storage. The third floor has 4416
square feet used for warm storage, a wood shop and a paint shop. The
total building has 10,346 square feet.
The building is constructed on a 4” concrete slab, poured over 2” of rigid
foam (R-10) on a gravel bed. The walls are 2x8 studs 16” OC, with R-25
fiberglass batting, finished on the inside with gypsum over 1” Thermax
insulation board, sheathed on the outside with plywood and finished with
metal siding. The ceiling of the second floor (originally there was no third
floor in use) has 24” (R-76) of fiberglass batting between joists. The
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ceiling of the third floor has 6” of fiberglass batting (R-19). The long sides
(east and west sides) of third floor, originally unfinished, have been
studded and furred out to eliminate the barn-roof angle, and 2” of rigid
expanded polystyrene insulation fastened to the inside, and left exposed.
The gable ends have the same rigid insulation added, also exposed. The
woodshop and paint shop have been finished with gypsum. The entire
ceiling of the third floor has been finished with gypsum.
Benchmark utility data, including fuel oil and electricity were provided by
Central Alaska Engineering Company and the City of Nome utilities
department.
Building details are as follows:
a. Heating System: Heat is supplied to by a Weil McLain 385 MBH,
74% efficient, oil fired, cast iron, sectional boiler. Heat is provided
to rooms by one circulation pump supplying hydronic baseboard
finned tube heaters that are valve-controlled by low voltage zone
thermostats, as well as (5) vertical hydronic unit heaters in the
vehicle bays and (2) horizontal unit heaters on the third floor. The
vertical UH’s are running wild (i.e. glycol flow is controlled only by
the circulation pump at the boiler, with no secondary control at the
UH), fan-controlled by local, low voltage zone thermostats. The (2)
UH’s on the third floor are also fan-controlled by a zone thermostat,
but have also been retrofitted with a fluid valve controlled by the
same thermostat
b. Ventilation: There is no ventilation in this building other than door
openings and exhaust fans. There are no provisions make-up air.
c. Plumbing Fixtures: There is one toilet, one urinal and one lavatory
sink in the building. All fixtures are manually operated and appear
to be pre-1992, so consume approximately three times the water
that new fixtures consume. See Appendix G-1 for EEM
recommendations.
d. Domestic Hot Water: Hot water is provided by a Bock, oil fired, 32
gallon hot water heater located in the boiler room.
e. Head Bolt Heaters: There are (8) duplex outlet, head bolt heaters
attached to this building. Employees use the heaters during the
work day. Heavy equipment is kept inside the building, or during
the Iditarod (when the building is used for sleds, machines, etc.) it
is moved across the street to a vacant lot with a separately metered
head bolt heater “bull rail”.
f. Interior Lighting: This building, with the exception of the generator
room uses T-8 lamps with electronic ballasts in offices and storage
areas, and T5 high bay fixtures in the vehicle bay. There are
several ceiling mounted CFL’s as well – primarily in hallways and
staircases. The old HPS lighting and a single metal halide fixture
has been retained and are functional in the vehicle bay, but are no
longer used. They will not work with the recommended occupancy
sensors. There are no occupancy sensors or incandescent lights in
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the building. The generator room still has T12 fixtures with
magnetic ballasts.
g. Exterior Lighting: Exterior lighting consists of two High Pressure
Sodium (HPS) wall packs which appear to have 200 watt lamps,
and a single HPS, 100 watt light over a man-door. All appear to be
controlled by photocell sensors.
h. Building Shell: As described previously, the building has a barn-
style roof, which acts as the third floor walls. The overhead doors
and door openers were replaced within the last two years with R-
14.5 doors and Liftmaster openers. They are still in excellent
condition, but there has been damage to the door seals. There is
also damage to the building’s siding, these penetrations should be
repaired, and the overhead door sealing should be repaired. See
Appendix G-6.
5. Historic Energy Consumption: Energy consumption is modeled within
the AkWarm-C program. The program analyzes twelve months of data.
Because only two data points (two years) of annual utility benchmark data
was provided, this data was graphed into a reasonable seasonal curves to
create two years of twelve monthly data points, which were then averaged
and input into AKWarm-C.
Energy consumption was analyzed using two factors: the Energy Cost
Index (ECI) and the Energy Use Index (EUI). The energy cost index takes
the average cost of gas and electrical energy over the surveyed period of
time (typically two years) and averages the cost, divided by the square
footage of the building. The ECI for this building is $3.54/SF, the average
ECI for four similar buildings benchmarked in Nome is $4.38/SF.
The energy use index (EUI) is the total average electrical and heating
energy consumption per year expressed in thousands of BTUs/SF. The
average of the 2009 and 2010 EUI for this building is 111 kBTU/SF; the
average EUI for four similar buildings benchmarked in Nome is 124
kBTU/SF.
6. Interactive Effects of Projects: The AkWarm-C program calculates
savings assuming that all recommended EEM are implemented. If some
EEMs are not implemented, savings for the remaining EEMs will be
affected, in some cases positively, and in others, negatively. For example,
if the fan motors are not replaced with premium efficiency motors, then the
savings for the project to install variable speed drives (VFDs) on the fans
will be increased.
In general, all projects were evaluated sequentially so that energy savings
associated with one EEM would not be attributed to another EEM as well.
For example, the night setback EEM was analyzed using the fan and
heating load profile that will be achieved after installation of the VFD
project is completed. By modeling the recommended projects
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sequentially, the analysis accounts for interactive effects between the
EEMs and does not “double count” savings.
Interior lighting, plug loads, facility equipment, and occupants generate
heat within the building. When the building is in cooling mode, these
contribute to the overall cooling demands of the building; therefore lighting
efficiency improvements will reduce cooling requirements on air
conditioned buildings. Conversely, lighting efficiency improvements are
anticipated to increase heating requirements slightly. Heating penalties
are included in the lighting project analysis that is performed by AkWarm.
7. Loan Program: The Alaska Housing Finance Corporation (AHFC) Alaska
Energy Efficiency Revolving Loan Fund (AEERLF) is a State of Alaska
program enacted by the Alaska Sustainable Energy Act (senate Bill 220,
A.S. 18.56.855, “Energy Efficiency Revolving Loan Fund). The AEERLF
will provide loans for energy efficiency retrofits to public facilities via the
Retrofit Energy Assessment for Loan System (REAL). As defined in 15
AAC 155.605, the program may finance energy efficiency improvements
to buildings owned by:
a. Regional educational attendance areas;
b. Municipal governments, including political subdivisions of municipal
governments;
c. The University of Alaska;
d. Political subdivisions of the State of Alaska, or
e. The State of Alaska
Native corporations, tribal entities, and subsidiaries of the federal
government are not eligible for loans under this program.
15
Appendix A
Photos
Looking from the North, roll-up door replaced window on second floor
Retrofitted high bay T5 fixtures shown, as well as old HPS wall packs still
retained
16
New overhead doors and door openers
Damaged overhead door seals
17
Retrofitted third floor roll-up door insulation
Rigid EPS, typical of 3rd
floor Insulation; note un-
insulated heat piping
18
Aerial View of downtown center of Nome and the (4) buildings audited
Fire Station
Recreation Center
Public Works Building
(subject building)
City Hall and Senior Center
NORTH
Appendix B
Energy Audit – Energy Analysis and Cost Comparison
AkWarm Commercial Audit Software
Nome Public Works
Page 1
ENERGY AUDIT REPORT – PROJECT SUMMARY – Created 10/18/2011 9:05 PM
General Project Information
PROJECT INFORMATION AUDITOR INFORMATION
Building: Nome Public Works Auditor Company: Energy Audits of Alaska
Address: 404 West 8th Auditor Name: James Fowler
City: Nome Auditor Address: P.O. Box 220215
Anchorage, AK 99522
Client Name: Alan Maxwell
Client Address: 404 West 8th
Nome, AK 99762
Auditor Phone: (206) 954‐3614
Auditor FAX: ( ) ‐
Client Phone: (907) 304‐3399 Auditor Comment:
Client FAX:
Design Data
Building Area: 10,346 square feet Design Heating Load: Design Loss at Space: 197,180 Btu/hour
with Distribution Losses: 231,976 Btu/hour
Plant Input Rating assuming 82.0% Plant Efficiency and 25%
Safety Margin: 353,622 Btu/hour
Note: Additional Capacity should be added for DHW load, if
served.
Typical Occupancy: 2 people Design Indoor Temperature: 72 deg F (building average)
Actual City: Nome Design Outdoor Temperature: ‐27 deg F
Weather/Fuel City: Nome Heating Degree Days: 14,371 deg F‐days
Utility Information
Electric Utility: Nome Joint Utilities Systems ‐
Commercial ‐ Lg
Natural Gas Provider: None
Average Annual Cost/kWh: $0.357/kWh Average Annual Cost/ccf: $0.000/ccf
Annual Energy Cost Estimate
Description Space
Heating
Space
Cooling
Water
Heating Lighting Other
Electrical Cooking Clothes
Drying
Ventilation
Fans
Service
Fees
Total
Cost
Existing
Building
$36,551 $0 $1,109 $9,335 $10,709 $0 $0 $0 $36 $57,977
With
Proposed
Retrofits
$29,962 $0 $1,089 $4,452 $7,761 $0 $0 $0 $36 $43,477
SAVINGS $6,589 $0 $20 $4,883 $2,948 $0 $0 $0 $0 $14,530
Appendix B
Energy Audit – Energy Analysis and Cost Comparison
AkWarm Commercial Audit Software
Nome Public Works
Page 2
$0
$20,000
$40,000
$60,000
Existing Retrofit
Service Fees
Space Heating
Refrigeration
Other Electrical
Lighting
Domestic Hot Water
Annual Energy Costs by End Use
Appendix B
Energy Audit – Energy Analysis and Cost Comparison
AkWarm Commercial Audit Software
Nome Public Works
Page 3
PRIORITY LIST – RECOMMENDED ENERGY EFFICIENCY MEASURES
Rank Feature Recommendation Annual Energy
Savings
Installed
Cost
SIR Payback
(Years)
1 Setback Thermostat:
High Bay Vehicle bay
(2 rooms)
Implement a Heating
Temperature Unoccupied
Setback to 55.0 deg F for
the High Bay Vehicle bay
space.
$1,638 $400 61.45 0.2
2 Setback Thermostat:
Storage, third floor
shops ‐ typically
unoccupied (5
rooms)
Implement a Heating
Temperature Unoccupied
Setback to 55.0 deg F for
the Storage, third floor
shops ‐ typically
unoccupied space.
$2,932 $1,000 44.00 0.3
3 Setback Thermostat:
Offices ‐ regularly
occupied (5 rooms)
Implement a Heating
Temperature Unoccupied
Setback to 55.0 deg F for
the Offices ‐ regularly
occupied space.
$672 $1,000 10.09 1.5
4 Other Electrical:
Head bolt heater ‐
duplex outlets
Remove Manual Switching
and Add new Other
Controls
$2,475 $1,600 9.42 0.6
5 HVAC And DHW Replace at EOL with higher
efficiency boiler;
incremental difference
estimated at $10,000
$3,516 $10,000 6.78 2.8
6 Lighting: Interior
High Bay ‐ T5, add 1
occ sensor per room
Remove Manual Switching
and Add new Occupancy
Sensor
$1,275 $1,200 6.52 0.9
7 Refrigeration: Refer
in break room
At EOL, replace with
Energy Star Residential
unit
$72 $75 5.89 1
8
See
appe
ndix
G‐3
Other Electrical:
Water supply re‐circ
pump
Improve Manual Switching
‐ Add seasonal shut down
timer
$179 $500 5.51 2.8
9 Lighting: Interior ‐
T8‐4SM no control's
change
At next re‐lamp, replace 32
W lamps with 8 FLUOR (4)
T8 4' F32T8 28W Energy‐
Saver StdElectronic
$75 $96 4.73 1.3
10 Lighting: Interior ‐
T8‐2SM's, multiple
occ sensors per
room
At next re‐lamp, replace 32
W lamps with 41 FLUOR
(2) T8 4' F32T8 28W
Energy‐Saver and Remove
Manual Switching and Add
new Occupancy Sensor
$759 $2,046 2.28 2.7
Appendix B
Energy Audit – Energy Analysis and Cost Comparison
AkWarm Commercial Audit Software
Nome Public Works
Page 4
PRIORITY LIST – RECOMMENDED ENERGY EFFICIENCY MEASURES
Rank Feature Recommendation Annual Energy
Savings
Installed
Cost
SIR Payback
(Years)
11 Lighting: Interior ‐
T8‐2SM's, single occ
sensor in switch (typ
unoccupied rooms)
At next re‐lamp, replace 32
W lamps with 25 FLUOR
(2) T8 4' F32T8 28W
Energy‐Saver and Remove
Manual Switching and Add
new Occupancy Sensor
$350 $1,050 2.04 3
12 Lighting: Interior ‐
T8‐4SM's in rooms
requiring only 1 occ
sensor
At next re‐lamp, replace 32
W lamps with 2 FLUOR (4)
T8 4' F32T8 28W Energy‐
Saver and Remove Manual
Switching and Add new
Occupancy Sensor
$84 $324 1.60 3.8
13 Lighting: Exterior Replace with 2 LED 72W
Module StdElectronic
$309 $1,200 1.53 3.9
14 Lighting: Interior ‐
T12‐2SM, add occ
sensor
Replace with 2 FLUOR (2)
T8 4' F32T8 28W Energy‐
Saver Instant StdElectronic
and Remove Manual
Switching and Add new
Occupancy Sensor
$70 $350 1.23 5
15 Lighting: Exterior Replace with LED 25W
Module StdElectronic
$97 $600 0.96 6.2
16 Lighting: Interior ‐
existing CFL's, add
occ sensors (typ
unoccupied)
Remove Manual Switching
and Add new Occupancy
Sensor
$28 $350 0.49 12.5
Appe
ndix
G‐1
Plumbing Fixtures: 1
W.C., 1 lavatory, 1
urinal
Replace all fixtures with
low flow versions with
proximity sensing on/off
valves
Appe
ndix
G‐2
Heating pipe
insulation
Insulate all heating pipes
Appe
ndix
G‐4
Building Ventilation Add HRV for offices No energy
savings; building
code compliance,
air quality and
comfort issue
Estimated
cost
installed
$4000
24
Appendix C – Mechanical Equipment Schedules
SCHEDULES COMPILED FROM ON‐SITE NAMEPLATE OBSERVATION ‐ WHERE
ACCESSIBLE, OTHERWISE ESTIMATED
EXHAUST FAN SCHEDULE
SYMBOL
MOTOR
MFGR/MODEL
estimated
CFM
estimated
MOTOR DATA
HP/VOLTS/PH REMARKS
EF‐1 unknown 1500 .5/208/1
Vehicle exhaust ‐ west wall,
north
EF‐2 unknown 1500 .5/208/1
Vehicle exhaust ‐ west wall,
south
EF‐3 unknown 150 90W/115/1 Paint room
EF‐4 unknown 150 90W/115/1 Wood shop
PUMP SCHEDULE
SYMBOL MFGR/MODEL
estimated
GPM
MOTOR DATA
HP/VOLTS/PH REMARKS
CP‐1 Grundfos UPC 50‐160 45 1.5/208/3
main circulating pump for
hydronics
CP‐2 Grundfos UP 15‐18 SF 5 .74/115/1 water supply circ pump
BOILER SCHEDULE
SYMBOL MFGR/MODEL
MOTOR DATA
HP/VOLTS/PH REMARKS
B‐1
Weil McLain BL‐576‐
SW 1/115/1
2.92 GPH input, 335 gross MBH
output, 82% efficient, cast iron
sectional
UNIT HEATER SCHEDULE
SYMBOL MFGR/MODEL CFM
MOTOR DATA
HP/VOLTS/PH REMARKS
UH‐1 Modine V‐279S‐01 2500 .5/115/1 Vertical, high bay, hydronic
UH‐2 Modine V‐279S‐01 2500 .5/115/1 Vertical, high bay, hydronic
UH‐3 Modine V‐279S‐01 2500 .5/115/1 Vertical, high bay, hydronic
UH‐4 Modine V‐279S‐01 2500 .5/115/1 Vertical, high bay, hydronic
UH‐5 Modine V‐279S‐01 2500 .5/115/1 Vertical, high bay, hydronic
Appendix B
Energy Audit – Energy Analysis and Cost Comparison
AkWarm Commercial Audit Software
Nome Public Works
Page 5
PRIORITY LIST – RECOMMENDED ENERGY EFFICIENCY MEASURES
Rank Feature Recommendation Annual Energy
Savings
Installed
Cost
SIR Payback
(Years)
Appe
ndix
G‐5
Exit Signs Where there is ample
ambient light (5 ft candles)
to utilize a glow‐in‐the‐
dark sign it should be used
($60 ea). Where there is
insufficient ambient light,
a self luminous signs
should be used (available
in 10 year and 20 year
versions, from $150‐$200
ea)
No energy
savings; building
code compliance,
maintenance and
safety issue
Appe
ndix
G‐6
Building Shell ‐ Siding Repair two siding
perforations and add
screening over exhaust
vent
unknown
TOTAL $14,530 $25,691 1.8
25
UH‐6 Trane UHH‐044A‐A 815 .1/115/1
Retrofitted with valve
controlled by tstat; but no CP
end switch and no bypass
UH‐7
Trane UHSA‐
126S8AAAF 1760 .17/115/1
Retrofitted with valve
controlled by tstat; but no CP
end switch and no bypass
HOT WATER GENERATOR SCHEDULE
SYMBOL MFGR/MODEL GALLONS
MOTOR DATA
HP/VOLTS/PH ELEMENT SIZE
HW‐1 Bock model 32E 32 2.5A/115/1
oil fired hot water heater;
estimated R‐6
PLUMBING FIXTURES
SYMBOL FIXTURE
estimated
GPF QUANTITY REMARKS
P‐1 W.C. 3 1 manually operated
P‐4 Urinal 1.5 1 manually operated
P‐5 Lavatory ‐ 1 manually operated
26 Appendix C – Lighting Schedule LIGHTING FIXTURES SYMBOL FIXTURE DESCRIPTION MOUNTING LAMPS TYPE HEIGHT NUMBER WATTS A T8‐4 Florescent, T8 lamps, electronic ballast surface ceiling 4 32 B T8‐2 Florescent, T8 lamps, electronic ballast surface ceiling 2 32 C Surface mount incandescent lamp, ceiling/wall mount fixture n/a n/a ‐ ‐ D Wall pack metal halide, magnetic ballast surface 9' 1 200 E Wall pack HPS ‐ Interior, magnetic ballast surface 20' 1 200 F T5‐4 Florescent, T5‐HO lamps, electronic ballast surface high bay ceiling 4 54 G T12‐2 Florescent, T12 lamps, magnetic ballast surface ceiling 2 40 H Surface mount Compact florescent lamps, ceiling/wall mount fixture surface ceiling 1 15
27 Appendix D Building First Floor Plan
28 Appendix D Building Second Floor Plan
29 Appendix D Building Third Floor Plan
30 Appendix D Building First Floor Lighting Plan
31 Appendix D Building Second Floor Lighting Plan
32 Appendix D Building Third Floor Lighting Plan
33 Appendix F – Mechanical Schematic
34
Appendix G
Additional, Building-Specific EEM details
G-1: Plumbing fixtures: All toilets, urinals and faucets should be retrofitted or be
replaced with energy efficient models. Faucet fixtures should have proximity sensing
on/off controls. This audit does not include water usage and AKWarm does not allow
for the modeling of it, but a typical faucet retrofit will result in 30% water savings and
will payback in under 3 years. Installing 2-level flush toilets (.9 gallons per flush for
liquids, 1.6 gallons for solids) typically saves 33% water, and pays back in under 2
years. Low flow urinals can save up to 66% of water used, and typically pay back
within 3 years.
G-2: Install pipe insulation: Even in conditioned spaces, heat delivery pipes should
be insulated. This becomes more important after set-back thermostats are installed, as
reduction in room temperatures create additional load on the boiler when piping is un-
insulated.
35
G-3: Water supply re-circulation
seasonal shut down: This water supply
re-circulation pump appeared to be
running 24/7/365. Retrofitting with a
365 day timer such as the one shown
below, to turn the pump off during the
summer months, would save 20%
energy, $179/year, and result in a 3 year
payback. See item 7 in the AKWarm
report in Appendix B.
36
G-4: Ventilation: Retrofitted heat recovery ventilators have been added to several
other buildings in Nome that were also constructed without ventilation. This should be
done to provide fresh air to the offices in this building. See catalog example below
(Lifebreath 155Max). There are (2) vehicle bay exhaust blowers. Normally make-up air
would be provided so that when the vehicle exhaust blowers are turned on, the building
is not de-pressurized, which increases air infiltration and boiler heat load. On-site
personnel stated that the blowers are used for less than 1 hour every few months.
Given the low usage, it is not cost effective or reasonable to add a make-up air unit at
this time. If these blowers are used more often, the addition of make-up air units
should be re-considered.
One of two vehicle bay exhaust blowers
37
Sample HRV – Model 155MAX:
38
G-5: Exit Signs: Most of the exit signs in the building are un-lit and do not have power
readily available. In many cases it did not appear that emergency lighting would
illuminate them sufficiently to meet egress requirements. Where there is ample ambient
light (5 ft candles) to utilize a glow-in-the-dark sign it should be used ($60 ea). Where
there is insufficient ambient light, a self luminous signs should be used (available in 10
year and 20 year versions, from $150-$200 ea). Where power is already available, the
existing lit signs should be replaced with LED-lit signs which require no bulb changes
for 10 years, and consume 10% of the energy of incandescent units. Typical payback
for LED exit signs is less than 6 months.
39
G-6: Siding perforations in need of repair: See photo in Appendix A for OH door
re-sealing locations.
South side of building
North side
of building
East side of building,
underside of soffit
40
G-7: Thermal/fire barrier: 2009 IBC 2603.4 building code requires a minimum of
½” GWB or equivalent cover inside exposed foam insulation.
Third floor