HomeMy WebLinkAboutCIRI-ANC-CAEC MOA Fire Station 11 2012-EE
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ENERGY AUDITS OF ALASKA FIRE STATION #11
June 22, 2012 Page 2 of 48
Project # CIRI-ANC-CAEC-49
Prepared for:
The Municipality of Anchorage
Fire Station #11
16630 Eagle River Rd
Anchorage, AK 99577
Audit performed by:
Energy Audits of Alaska
P.O. Box 220215
Anchorage, AK 98522
Contact: Jim Fowler, PE, CEA#1705
Jim@jim-fowler.com
206.954.3614
Prime Contractor:
Central Alaska Engineering Company
32215 Lakefront Drive
Soldotna, AK 99699
Contact: Jerry Herring, PE, CEA #1484
AKEngineers@starband.net
907.260.5311
ENERGY AUDITS OF ALASKA FIRE STATION #11
June 22, 2012 Page 3 of 48
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Executive Summary 5
2. Audit and Analysis Background 13
3. Acknowledgements 15
4. Building Description & Function 16
5. Historic Energy Consumption 18
6. Interactive Effects of Projects 18
7. Loan Program 18
APPENDICES
Appendix A: Photos 20
Appendix B: AkWarm-C Report 26
Appendix C: Equipment Schedules 31
Appendix D: Additional, Building-Specific EEM detail 35
Appendix E: Specifications supporting EEM’s 37
Appendix F: Benchmark Data 42
ENERGY AUDITS OF ALASKA FIRE STATION #11
June 22, 2012 Page 4 of 48
REPORT DISCLAIMERS
This audit was performed using American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA)
funds, managed by the Alaska Housing Finance Corporation (AHFC).
This energy audit is intended to identify and recommend potential areas of energy
savings, estimate the value of the savings and approximate the costs to implement the
recommendations. Any modifications or changes made to a building to realize the
savings must be designed and implemented by licensed, experienced professionals in
their fields. Lighting recommendations should all be first analyzed through a thorough
lighting analysis to assure that the recommended lighting upgrades will comply with
State of Alaska Statute as well as Illuminating Engineering Society (IES)
recommendations. Energy Audits of Alaska, LLC and Central Alaska Engineering
Company bear no responsibility for work performed as a result of this report.
Payback periods may vary from those forecasted due to the uncertainty of the final
installed design, configuration, equipment selected, and installation costs of
recommended Energy Efficiency Measures (EEMs), or the operating schedules and
maintenance provided by the owner. Furthermore, EEMs are typically interactive, so
implementation of one EEM may impact the cost savings from another EEM. Neither
the auditor, Central Alaska Engineering Company, AHFC, or any other party involved in
preparation of this report accepts liability for financial loss due to EEMs that fail to meet
the forecasted payback periods.
This audit meets the criteria of an Investment Grade Audit (IGA) per the Association of
Energy Engineers definition, and is valid for one year. The life of the IGA may be
extended on a case-by-case basis, at the discretion of the AHFC.
IGA’s are the property of the State, and may be incorporated into AkWarm-C, the
Alaska Energy Data Inventory (ARIS), or other state and/or public information system.
AkWarm-C is a building energy modeling software developed under contract by AHFC.
This material is based upon work supported by the Department of Energy under Award
Number DE-EE0000095. This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored
by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government
nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or
implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness,
or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or
represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to
any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark,
manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement,
recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency
thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state
or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof.
ENERGY AUDITS OF ALASKA FIRE STATION #11
June 22, 2012 Page 5 of 48
1. Executive Summary
Building Owner:
Municipality of Anchorage
3640 East Tudor
Anchorage, AK 99507
Building contact:
Jeff Bayless
Senior Captain
907-841-8554
baylessje@muni.org
Alaska Housing Finance Corporation
P.O. Box 10120
Anchorage, AK 99510-1020
Contact: Rebekah Luhrs
Energy Specialist
907-330-8141
rluhrs@ahfc.us
Guidance to the reader:
The Executive Summary is designed to contain all the information the building
owner/operator should need to determine how the subject building’s energy
efficiency compares with other similar use buildings, which energy
improvements should be implemented, approximately how much they will cost
and their estimated annual savings. Sections 2 through 7 of this report and the
Appendices, are back-up and provide much more detailed information should
the owner/operator, or their staff, desire to investigate further.
This audit was performed using American Recovery and Reinvestment act
(ARRA) funds to promote the use of innovation and technology to solve energy
and environmental problems in a way that improves the State’s economy. The
audit and this report are pre-requisites to access AHFC’s Retrofit Energy
Assessment Loans (REAL) program, which is available to the building’s owner.
The purpose of the energy audit is to identify cost-effective system and facility
modifications, adjustments, alterations, additions and retrofits. Systems
investigated during the audit included heating, ventilation, and air conditioning
(HVAC), interior and exterior lighting, motors, building envelope, and energy
management control systems (EMCS).
ENERGY AUDITS OF ALASKA FIRE STATION #11
June 22, 2012 Page 6 of 48
The site visit to this building occurred on April 24th, 2012.
Fire Station #11 is a small station located in Eagle River. The building’s first
floor houses an apparatus bay, 11 residence dorm rooms, a dining room,
kitchen, TV and training room, exercise room and several offices. The small
second floor consists of storage rooms and the boiler room.
The date of the original building construction is unknown. The earliest plans
available are dated 1999, and show a major interior remodel and renovation,
including the building’s electrical and mechanical systems, as well as the
addition of several feet to the west side of the apparatus bay. In 2010 the TV
and exercise rooms were added, and the lighting in the north wing of the facility
was upgraded. No other major modifications are known to have been made.
Energy Consumption and Benchmark Data
On site personnel stated that some prior arrangement had been made between
Enstar and MEA to provide free or reduced rate Natural gas and electricity for
this building. This has not been verified, so the consumption and costs identified
during the benchmark phase of this program are used for this audit. Benchmark
utility data for 2009 and 2010 is summarized in Tables 1 and 2 below.
Table 1
2009 2010
Consumption Cost Consumption Cost
Electricity ‐ kWh 143,280 $ 24,653 169,120 $ 20,012
Natural Gas ‐ Therms 10,593 $ 11,104 10,886 $ 8,845
Totals $ 35,757 $ 28,857
A benchmark measure of energy use relative to other similar function buildings
in the area is the Energy Use Index (EUI), which takes the total annual energy
used by the facility divided by the square footage area of the building, for a value
expressed in terms of kBTU/SF. This number can then be compared to other
buildings to see if it is average, higher or lower than similar buildings in the area.
Likewise, the Energy Cost Index (ECI) is the cost of all energy used by the
building expressed in $/SF of building area. Comparative values are shown in
Table 2 below.
Table 2 – 2009 & 2010 Average EUI and ECI
Fire Station
#11
Fire Station
#12 & Dispatch
Fire Station #1
and
Administration
Public Order &
Safety Buildings
in Continental US
Energy Use Index
(EUI) ‐ kBTU/SF 171 267 225 116
Energy Cost Index
(ECI) ‐ $/SF $3.47 $5.33 $2.94 n/a
** Data retrieved from the US Energy Administration database, these figures are for “Places of
Public Order & Safety, the most relevant category tracked by the USEA.
ENERGY AUDITS OF ALASKA FIRE STATION #11
June 22, 2012 Page 7 of 48
Evaluation of energy consumption & benchmark data
As observed in Table 1 above, consumption of electricity increased by 18% (25,
840 KWh) from 2009 to 2010, while natural gas (NG) consumption was
constant. Using the electrical EUI of 57 kBTU/square foot from Chart 1 below,
the 1140 square feet of space added in 2010 accounts for 19,040 of the
additional 25,840 KWh. A review of the consumption graphs in Appendix F
suggest that the addition of air conditioning capability from the two new rooftop
units (total of 4 Tons of cooling) may have contributed to the 2010 increase; it is
clear from the graph that summer electrical consumption in 2010 is significantly
higher than it was in 2009.
Table 2 shows that the subject building’s energy use per square foot falls well
below a very similar-use building, Fire Station #12, and significantly above Fire
Station #1. Possible reasons for this are addressed below.
As is typical for Alaskan buildings, a comparison to similar buildings in the
continental US shows Alaska buildings have a much higher EUI – which is to be
expected given the weather differences.
Additional analysis of the energy consumption of these three buildings follows:
Chart 1
Chart 1 above shows the subject building’s gas and electrical EUI compared to
the two other similar use buildings.
0 50 100 150 200
Fire Station #1 & Admin Bldg
Fire Station #11 (Eagle River)
Fire Station #12 & Dispatch
Natural Gas EUI
Electrical EUI
ENERGY AUDITS OF ALASKA FIRE STATION #11
June 22, 2012 Page 8 of 48
Natural gas consumption:
All three of the buildings have residence apartments, an apparatus bay, exercise
and TV rooms, kitchen, dining room and offices. The auditor also audited the
other two fire stations, and having done so, believes Fire Station #1’s excessive
NG consumption is due to its under-sidewalk snow melting and the fact that it
uses outside air (OSA) which must be heated, every time one of the overhead
doors is opened, rather than air scrubbers like the subject building. Fire Station
#12 is believed to have higher NG consumption due to occupancy and usage
differences: a large proportion of the building being used 24/7 (dispatch offices).
Electrical consumption:
Based on Chart 1, the subject building’s electrical consumption is in line with
Fire Station #1 but well below Fire Station #12. Fire Station #12 is believed to
be an outlier as a result of the large racks of communication equipment in the
small structure just north of Fire Station, which is presumed to be using electrical
power from the same meter.
Recommended Energy Efficiency Measures
Various Energy Efficiency Measures (EEMs) have been analyzed for this
building to determine if they would provide energy savings with reasonably good
payback periods. EEMs are recommended for reasons including:
1.) they have a reasonably good payback period
2.) for code compliance
3.) end of life (EOL) replacement
4.) reasons pertaining to efficient building management
strategy, operations, maintenance and/or safety
All the EEMs considered for this facility are detailed in the attached AkWarm-C
Energy Audit Report in Appendix B and in Appendix D. Each EEM includes
payback times, estimated installation costs and estimated energy savings.
The summary EEM’s that follow are the only EEM’s that are recommended
for this building. Others have been considered (See Appendix D-2) but are not
deemed to be justified or cost effective. The recommended EEM’s were
selected based on consideration from three perspectives: overall efficiency of
building management, reduction in energy consumption and return on
investment (ROI).
Efficient building management dictates, as an example: that all lights be
upgraded, that lamp inventory variations be minimized and that all appropriate
rooms have similar occupancy controls and setback thermostats - despite the
fact that a single or several rooms may have an unjustifiably long payback on
their individual lighting or controls upgrade.
ENERGY AUDITS OF ALASKA FIRE STATION #11
June 22, 2012 Page 9 of 48
Some of the summary EEM’s below contain individual EEM’s that are grouped
by type (i.e. all relevant lighting upgrades are summed and listed as a single
upgrade, all thermostat setback retrofits are grouped together and listed as a
single upgrade, etc.). They are prioritized as a group, with the highest ROI
(shortest payback) listed first. Table 3 at the end of this section summarizes
these EEM’s and Appendix B (the AkWarm-C detailed report) and Appendix D
provide additional detail pertaining to each individual recommendation.
A.) REFRIGERATION & REFRIGERATED VENDING MACHINES
There are two refrigerated beverage vending machines in this
building. It is recommended to add a VendingMiser (see
www.vendingmiser.com) to each machine. This EEM is found in
Appendix B-7.
Combined refrigeration EEM’s:
Estimated cost (incremental difference
for the freezer & refrigerator + VendingMiser) $ 500
Annual Savings $ 332
Payback 1.5 years
B.) HEADBOLT HEATER CONTROLS
There are headbolt heater controls which sense the ambient
temperature and modulate the current flow to a vehicle’s headbolt
heater. Savings are typically 40%-50% and the device is retro-
fittable into the 14 duplex outlets currently used for headbolt
heating. See Appendix E for a sample spec sheet and Appendix
B-6 for detail.
Headbolt heater ontrol EEM:
Estimated cost $ 3,500
Annual savings $ 1,963
Payback 1.8 years
C.) DESKTOP COMPUTERS
Desktop PC’s consume between 200 and 300 watts when in use.
Laptops consume between 50 and 100 watts when in use. It is
recommended to replace the 3 desktop PC’s with laptops at their
EOL. The incremental difference in cost is estimated to be $200
ENERGY AUDITS OF ALASKA FIRE STATION #11
June 22, 2012 Page 10 of 48
each and although the payback is at or slightly beyond the life
expectancy of a laptop, the recommendation is still made. See
Appendix B-12.
Personal Computer EEM:
Estimated cost $ 600
Annual savings $ 122
Payback 5 years
D.) SETBACK THERMOSTATS
It is recommended to replace the existing low voltage thermostats
in the building with 7-day digital programmable versions similar to
the digital units in the new exercise and TV rooms. Each
thermostat should be programmed for night time setback
temperatures of 55F where possible. Digital, programmable,
occupancy sensing thermostats should be used in each dormitory
room (see Appendix E for samples):
Appendices B-2, 5, 8 and 19 provide detail for this EEM.
Combined Setback Thermostat EEM’s:
Estimated cost $ 12,800
Annual Savings $ 2,216
Payback 5.8 years
E.) LIGHTING AND LIGHTING CONTROLS
The lighting in this building appears to have been upgraded.
There are some remaining savings to be obtained.
At the next building re-lamp, it is recommended to replace all 32
watt T8 lamps with 28 watt energy saver lamps. These lamps
consume 12% less power, with 2.9% less light output. The 2.9%
reduction is seldom noticeable, and the sample rooms tested in
this building had light levels well above the minimum
recommended level.
It is also recommended to replace the one remaining T12 fixture
with a T8 fixture with electronic ballast and replace the few
remaining incandescent bulbs with CFL bulbs.
It is recommended to add occupancy sensors in all rooms,
including the apparatus bay. The auditor was informed that the
ENERGY AUDITS OF ALASKA FIRE STATION #11
June 22, 2012 Page 11 of 48
apparatus bay lighting is on 24/7. Zoned, dual technology, ceiling
mounted sensors are recommended for this bay.
Finally, it is recommended to replace all exterior high intensity
discharge (HID) lighting (High Pressure Sodium, Mercury Vapor
and Metal Halide) with LED fixtures.
This EEM summarizes Appendix B-1, 3 4, B-9 through 11, B-13
through 18, B-20 and B-21. See Appendix E for more information
on occupancy sensors and energy saver 28 watt lamps.
Combined Lighting Control EEM’s:
Estimated cost $ 42,628
Annual Savings $ 4,517
Payback 9.4 years
A summary of the estimated cost totals and estimated annual savings
totals of the summary EEM’s listed above, is found in Table 3 below, and
again at the end of Appendix B.
Table 3
Combined total of recommended EEM’s
summarized above:
Estimated total cost $ 60,028
Annual Savings (including
maintenance savings) $ 9,150
Simple payback 6.6 years
Does not include design or construction management costs
In addition to EEM’s, various Energy Conservation Measures (ECM’s) are
recommended. ECM’s are policies or procedures to be followed by
management and employees that require no capital outlay. ECMs
recommended for this facility include:
1. Turn lights off when leaving a room that is not controlled by an
occupancy sensor.
ENERGY AUDITS OF ALASKA FIRE STATION #11
June 22, 2012 Page 12 of 48
2. All man-doors, roll-up doors and windows should be properly
maintained and adjusted to close and function properly.
3. Turn off computers, printers, faxes, etc. when leaving the office
and use a desk plug load management device similar to the
“Isola” product shown in Appendix E. This device turns off
selected pieces of equipment when the occupant leaves his or her
desk while leaving other selected equipment on.
4. Re-configure building occupants and activities to group un-
occupied offices, dormitories or other little used spaces into the
same HVAC zone so that zone’s energy consumption can be set
back to minimal levels.
5. Continual Re-commissioning: A building is a living mini-
ecosystem and its use changes. Re-evaluate building usage at
least quarterly and confirm that building set points, zones, lighting
levels, etc. are optimized for the current usage and occupancy.
6. Lamp replacement should be a scheduled, preventative
maintenance activity. Re-lamp the entire building or entire usage
zones (a zone of the building that has similar lighting usage, so
lamps have roughly the same lifetime) as part of a scheduled
preventative maintenance routine. This assures all lamps are the
same color temperature (e.g. 2700K, 3000K, etc.) which
enhances occupant comfort and working efficiency. It also
minimizes expense because it is more cost effective to order large
quantities of the same lamp, and more labor efficient to dedicate
maintenance staff to a single re-lamp activity in a building zone,
rather than replace individual lamps as they fail.
7. Replace HVAC filters regularly. Maintain optimal operation of all
dampers, actuators, valves and other HVAC components.
ENERGY AUDITS OF ALASKA FIRE STATION #11
June 22, 2012 Page 13 of 48
2. Audit and Analysis Background
Program Description: This audit included services to identify, develop, and
evaluate energy efficiency measures for the subject building. The scope of this
project included evaluating the building shell, lighting, hot water generation and
HVAC equipment. The auditor may or may not identify system deficiencies if
they exist. The auditor’s role is to identify areas of potential savings, many of
which may require more detailed investigation and analysis by other qualified
professionals.
a. Audit Description and Methodology: Preliminary audit information was
gathered in preparation for the site survey, including benchmark utility
consumption data, floor and lighting plans, and equipment schedules where
available. A site visit is then performed to inventory and evaluate the actual
building condition, including:
i. Building envelope (walls, doors, windows, etc)
ii. Heating, ventilating, and air conditioning
iii. Lighting systems and controls
iv. Building specific equipment
v. Plumbing Systems
b. Benchmark Utility Data Validation: Benchmark utility data provided
through AHFC’s initial phase of their REAL program is validated, confirming
that meter numbers on the subject building match the meters from which the
energy consumption and cost data were collected. If the data is inaccurate
or missing, new benchmark data is obtained. In the event that there are
inconsistencies or gaps in the data, the existing data is evaluated and
missing data points are interpolated.
c. Method of Analysis: The information gathered prior to the site visit and
during the site visit is entered into AkWarm-C, an energy modeling software
program developed specifically for AHFC to identify forecasted energy
consumption. The forecasts can then be compared to actual energy
consumption. AkWarm-C also has some pre-programmed EEM retrofit
options that can be analyzed with projected energy savings based on
occupancy schedules, utility rates, building construction type, building
function, existing conditions, and climatic data uploaded to the program
based on the zip code of the building. When new equipment is proposed,
energy consumption is calculated based on manufacturer’s cataloged
information.
Energy cost savings are calculated based on the historical energy costs for
the building. Installation costs include the labor and equipment required to
implement an EEM retrofit, but design and construction management costs
are excluded. Cost estimates are +/- 30% for this level of audit, and are
derived from one or more of the following: Means Cost Data, industry
publications, experience of the auditor, local contractors and/or equipment
suppliers. Brown Electric, Haakensen Electric, Proctor Sales, Pioneer Door,
ENERGY AUDITS OF ALASKA FIRE STATION #11
June 22, 2012 Page 14 of 48
and J.P. Sheldon, all in Anchorage, were consulted for some of the lighting,
boiler, overhead door and air handling retrofit and/or replacement costs.
Maintenance savings are calculated, where applicable, and are added to the
energy savings for each EEM.
The costs and savings are considered and a simple payback period and ROI
is calculated. The simple payback period is based on the number of years
that it takes for the savings to pay back the net installation cost (Net
Installation costs divided by Net Savings.) In cases where the EEM
recommends replacement at EOL, the incremental cost difference between
the standard equipment in place, and the higher efficiency equipment being
recommended is used as the cost basis for payback calculation. The SIR
found in the AkWarm-C report is the Savings to Investment Ratio, defined as
the annual savings multiplied by the lifetime of the improvement, divided by
the initial installed cost. SIR’s greater than 1.0 indicate a positive lifetime
ROI.
The life-time for each EEM is entered into AkWarm-C; it is estimated based
on the typical life of the equipment being replaced or altered.
d. Limitations of the Study: All results are dependent on the quality of input
data provided, and may only act as an approximation. Most input data such
as building and equipment usage, occupancy hours and numbers, building
and HVAC operating hours, etc. was provided to the auditor by on site
personnel.
In some instances, several methods may achieve the identified savings.
This report is not a design document. A design professional, licensed to
practice in Alaska and in the appropriate discipline, who is following the
recommendations, shall accept full responsibility and liability for the results.
Budgetary estimates for engineering and design of these projects in not
included in the cost estimate for each EEM recommendation, but these costs
can be approximated at 15% of the cost of the work.
ENERGY AUDITS OF ALASKA FIRE STATION #11
June 22, 2012 Page 15 of 48
3. Acknowledgements: We wish to acknowledge the help of numerous individuals
who have contributed information that was used to prepare this report, including:
a. Alaska Housing Finance Corporation (Grantor): AHFC provided the grant
funds, contracting agreements, guidelines, and technical direction for
providing the audits. AHFC reviewed and approved the final short list of
buildings to be audited based on the recommendation of the Technical
Service Provider (TSP).
b. The Municipality of Anchorage (Owner): MOA provided a review and brief
history of the benchmarked buildings, building selection criteria, building
plans, equipment specifications, building entry and coordination with on-site
personnel.
c. Central Alaska Engineering Company (Benchmark TSP): CAEC oversaw
the compilation of electrical and natural gas consumption data through their
subcontractor, Energy Audits of Alaska, LLC. CAEC also entered that data
into the statewide building database, called the Alaska Retrofit Information
System (ARIS). CAEC was awarded the auditing contract for this MOA
building.
d. Energy Audits of Alaska (energy auditor): This firm has been selected to
provide audits under this contract. The firm has two mechanical engineers,
certified as energy auditors and/or professional engineers and has also
received additional training from CAEC and other TSP’s to acquire further
specific information regarding audit requirements and potential EEM
applications.
ENERGY AUDITS OF ALASKA FIRE STATION #11
June 22, 2012 Page 16 of 48
4. Building Description and Function:
The site visit and survey of subject building occurred on April 24th, 2012. The
ambient outside temperature was 45F.
This is a single story building with a small mezzanine, totaling 10,647 square
feet, as calculated from plans. The first floor consists of a 4,373 square foot
apparatus bay and 5,380 square feet of offices, exercise and TV rooms, 11
dorm rooms and a kitchen and dining room. This building has a relatively low
occupancy, with typically 9-10 firemen in the facility when there are no fire calls.
The 894 square foot mezzanine is used as a game room, storage and contains
the boiler room.
Original building plans were not available for this building. If it is similar to the
other two fire stations audited, this building is presumed to be constructed on a
6” concrete slab, poured on grade. It has a fabricated steel structure with 2” of
“bag” insulation (with an integral vapor barrier) inside, furred out on its exterior
with 2”x4” metal studs and R-11 batt. The exterior siding is metal, the interior is
either exposed “bag” insulation or finished with gypsum. The apparatus bay
ceiling has exposed “bag” insulation with 5” of rigid foam covered with an EPDM
membrane. The roof on the 2010 addition appears to have 8” of rigid insulation.
Composite insulation values, as calculated by AkWarm-C are: Walls R-19.8, old
roof R36.1, 2010 roof R-43.5.
The windows in the old part of the building are double pane glass in wood
frames; the windows in the 2010 addition are double pane glass in vinyl frames.
They are all in good condition, especially considering their age.
Building details are as follows:
a. Heating, Cooling, Ventilation and Controls: Heat is
provided to the old part of the building, with the exception of
the apparatus bay, by two gas fired boilers which supply
hydronic baseboard radiators, the unit heaters and the
cabinet unit heaters. Heat is provided in the apparatus bay by
four gas fired infra red (IR) heaters and one hydronic vertical
unit heater. Heat and cooling is supplied to the TV and
exercise rooms (the 2010 addition) by two rooftop units
(RTU’s) – gas fired for heat and electric for cooling. There is
no cooling provided anywhere else in the building.
There is no ventilation other than that provided by the two
RTU furnaces. Air scrubbers, interlocked with overhead door
openings, are used in the apparatus bay to maintain air
quality when vehicles are moved in and out.
ENERGY AUDITS OF ALASKA FIRE STATION #11
June 22, 2012 Page 17 of 48
There is no central HVAC control system, instead there are
local, low voltage thermostats controlling local hydronic
valves (or fans in the case of the unit heaters) in the old part
of the building, the IR heaters in the apparatus bay, and the
RTU’s in the 2010 addition.
b. Appliances: There are four residential type refrigerators, two
gas fired range/oven combinations, two microwaves, two
dishwashers and a commercial clothes washer and dryer.
This building has 3 PC’s in use at various times of day.
c. Plumbing Fixtures: This building contains a total of (5)
toilets, (2) urinals, (3) lavatory sinks and (4) showers. The
toilets consume 1.6 gallons per flush (gpf), the urinals 1.0 gpf
and the shower heads appear to be 2.6 gallons/minute. See
Appendix D-1 for EEM recommendations.
d. Domestic Hot Water: Hot water for sinks and the kitchen is
provided by an 80 gallon indirect hot water generator.
e. Interior Lighting & Controls: Room lighting consists almost
entirely of T8 fixtures with electronic ballasts. The apparatus
bay utilizes T8 fixtures and T5 work lights mounted to work
benches. The only occupancy sensors in the building are in
the new exercise and TV rooms and in the dining
room/kitchen area. Appendix B details the recommendation
of completion of a full lighting upgrade. See Appendix E for
additional information on occupancy sensors. All exit signs in
the building are either LED or unlit, self-luminous.
f. Exterior Lighting: There are (10) 250 watt high pressure
sodium (HPS) wall pack lights on the exterior of this building,
(7) metal halide (MH) 250 watt parking lot pole lights, (1) 250
watt MH sign light, (1) HPS soffit light and (2) LED wall packs.
g. Building Shell: The building shell is described earlier; it
appears to be in above average condition inside and out, with
the possible exception of some of the interior “bag” insulation
(and therefore vapor barrier) being torn..
h. Motors: There are no motors larger than 1 HP in this
building.
ENERGY AUDITS OF ALASKA FIRE STATION #11
June 22, 2012 Page 18 of 48
5. Historic Energy Consumption: Energy consumption is modeled within the
AkWarm-C program. The program typically analyzes twelve months of data.
Two year’s worth of natural gas and electricity consumption were averaged then
input into AKWarm-C. This monthly data is found in Appendix F.
Energy consumption was analyzed using two factors: the Energy Cost Index
(ECI) and the Energy Use Index (EUI). The energy cost index takes the annual
costs of natural gas and electrical energy over the surveyed period of time (two
years) divided by the square footage of the building. The ECI for this building is
$3.47/SF, the ECI for two very similar fire stations, #1 and #12, are $2.94 and
$5.33 respectively.
The energy use index (EUI) is the total annual average electrical and heating
energy consumption expressed in thousands of BTU/SF. The average of the
2009 and 2010 EUI for this building is 171 kBTU/SF; the average 2009/2010
EUI for Fire Station #1 is 225 kBTU/SF and 267 kBTU/SF for Fire Station #12.
The average for “Places of Public Order and Safety” buildings across the US is
116 kBTU/SF as logged by the US Energy Information Administration. This
source data can be viewed at:
www.eia.gov/emeu/efficiency/cbecstrends/cbecs_tables_list.htm.
6. Interactive Effects of Projects: The AkWarm-C program calculates savings
assuming that all recommended EEM are implemented in the order shown in
Appendix B. Appendix D EEM’s are not included in the AkWarm-C model
unless referred to in the Appendix B EEM as “see also Appendix D-X”; in these
cases, the EEM is included in the AkWarm-C calculations. If some EEMs are
not implemented, savings for the remaining EEMs will be affected, in some
cases positively, and in others, negatively.
In general, all projects were evaluated sequentially so that energy savings
associated with one EEM would not be attributed to another EEM as well. By
modeling the recommended projects sequentially, the analysis accounts for
interactive effects between the EEMs and does not “double count” savings.
Interior lighting, plug loads, facility equipment, and occupants generate heat
within the building. When the building is in cooling mode, these contribute to the
overall cooling demands of the building; therefore lighting efficiency
improvements will reduce cooling requirements on air conditioned buildings.
Conversely, lighting efficiency improvements are anticipated to increase heating
requirements slightly. Heating penalties resulting from reductions in building
electrical consumption are included in the lighting analysis that is performed by
AkWarm-C.
7. Loan Program: The Alaska Housing Finance Corporation (AHFC) Alaska
Energy Efficiency Revolving Loan Fund (AEERLF) is a State of Alaska program
enacted by the Alaska Sustainable Energy Act (senate Bill 220, A.S. 18.56.855,
ENERGY AUDITS OF ALASKA FIRE STATION #11
June 22, 2012 Page 19 of 48
“Energy Efficiency Revolving Loan Fund). The AEERLF will provide loans for
energy efficiency retrofits to public facilities via the Retrofit Energy Assessment
for Loan System (REAL). As defined in 15 AAC 155.605, the program may
finance energy efficiency improvements to buildings owned by:
a. Regional educational attendance areas;
b. Municipal governments, including political subdivisions of municipal
governments;
c. The University of Alaska;
d. Political subdivisions of the State of Alaska, or
e. The State of Alaska
Native corporations, tribal entities, and subsidiaries of the federal government
are not eligible for loans under this program.
ENERGY AUDITS OF ALASKA FIRE STATION #11
June 22, 2012 Page 20 of 48
Appendix A - Photos
View from the west showing the 2010 addition in red.
The new exercise room
ENERGY AUDITS OF ALASKA FIRE STATION #11
June 22, 2012 Page 21 of 48
The new digital thermostats in TV and exercise rooms
Thermostats typical of the rest of the building’s rooms
ENERGY AUDITS OF ALASKA FIRE STATION #11
June 22, 2012 Page 22 of 48
Kitchen
Three of the four refrigerators
ENERGY AUDITS OF ALASKA FIRE STATION #11
June 22, 2012 Page 23 of 48
Typical dorm room
Mezzanine storage room used as game room
ENERGY AUDITS OF ALASKA FIRE STATION #11
June 22, 2012 Page 24 of 48
Boilers
Apparatus Bay
ENERGY
Ju
N
2010 a
AUDITS OF
ne 22, 2012
NORTH
addition
ALASKA
Aerial Vi
ew of Fire S
Fire
Station #11
e Station
F
1
n #11
FIRE STATION
Page 25 o
N #11
of 48
Appendix B – Detailed AkWarm-C report
Energy Audit – Energy Analysis and Cost Comparison
AkWarm Commercial Audit Software
Fire Station #11
Page 26
ENERGY AUDIT REPORT – PROJECT SUMMARY – Created 6/22/2012 5:13 PM
General Project Information
PROJECT INFORMATION AUDITOR INFORMATION
Building: Fire Station #11 Auditor Company: Energy Audits of Alaska
Address: 16630 Eagle River Rd Auditor Name: James Fowler
City: Eagle River Auditor Address: P.O. Box 220215
Anchorage, AK 99522 Client Name: Jeff Bayless
Client Address: 16630 Eagle River Rd
Eagle River, AK 99577
Auditor Phone: (206) 954‐3614
Auditor FAX:
Client Phone: (907) 841‐8554 Auditor Comment:
Client FAX:
Design Data
Building Area: 10,647 square feet Design Heating Load: Design Loss at Space: 276,043
Btu/hour
with Distribution Losses: 299,450 Btu/hour
Plant Input Rating assuming 82.0% Plant Efficiency and
25% Safety Margin: 456,478 Btu/hour
Note: Additional Capacity should be added for DHW load,
if served.
Typical Occupancy: 11 people Design Indoor Temperature: 70 deg F (building average)
Actual City: Eagle River Design Outdoor Temperature: ‐16.5 deg F
Weather/Fuel City: Eagle River Heating Degree Days: deg F‐days
Utility Information
Electric Utility: Matanuska Electric Assn. ‐ Commercial ‐
Lg
Natural Gas Provider: Enstar Natural Gas ‐ Commercial ‐
Lg
Average Annual Cost/kWh: $0.132/kWh Average Annual Cost/ccf: $0.911/ccf
Annual Energy Cost Estimate
Description Space
Heating
Space
Cooling
Water
Heating Lighting Refrige
ration
Other
Electric
al
Cooking Clothes
Drying
Ventilatio
n Fans
Service
Fees Total Cost
Existing
Building
$8,324 $1,242 $621 $6,546 $1,131 $9,280 $1,064 $0 $512 $1,473 $30,193
With
Proposed
Retrofits
$6,567 $1,203 $634 $2,492 $777 $7,235 $1,064 $0 $518 $1,473 $21,963
SAVINGS $1,757 $39 ‐$12 $4,054 $354 $2,045 $0 $0 ‐$6 $0 $8,230
Appendix B – Detailed AkWarm-C report
Energy Audit – Energy Analysis and Cost Comparison
AkWarm Commercial Audit Software
Fire Station #11
Page 27
$0
$5,000
$10,000
$15,000
$20,000
$25,000
$30,000
$35,000
Existing Retrofit
Service Fees
Ventilation and Fans
Space Heating
Space Cooling
Refrigeration
Other Electrical
Lighting
Domestic Hot Water
Cooking
Annual Energy Costs by End Use
Appendix B – Detailed AkWarm-C report
Energy Audit – Energy Analysis and Cost Comparison
AkWarm Commercial Audit Software
Fire Station #11
Page 28
PRIORITY LIST – RECOMMENDED ENERGY EFFICIENCY MEASURES
Rank Feature Recommendation Annual Energy
Savings
Installed
Cost
SIR Payback
(Years)
1 Lighting ‐ Combined
Retrofit: Apparatus
Bay: T8‐3lamp, OS
added to circuit
under previous EEM
** At next building re‐
lamp, replace (21) T8‐32
watt lamps with 21 FLUOR
(3) T8 4' F32T8 28W
Energy‐Saver Instant
StdElectronic and Remove
Manual Switching and Add
new Occupancy Sensor
$1,179 $190 38.19 0.2
2 Setback Thermostat:
Apparatus Bay
Implement a Heating
Temperature Unoccupied
Setback to 55.0 deg F for
the Apparatus Bay space.
$582 $500 14.99 0.9
3 Lighting ‐ Power
Retrofit: Exterior:
HPS‐100
Replace with LED 34W
Module StdElectronic
$40
+ $10 Maint.
Savings
$75 7.84 1.9
4 Lighting ‐ Power
Retrofit: Offices:
Incandescent, OS
added to circuit
under previous EEM
Replace with 2 FLUOR CFL,
A Lamp 15W
$30 $30 6.10 1
5 Setback Thermostat:
Mechanical and
Storage Rooms
Implement a Heating
Temperature Unoccupied
Setback to 50.0 deg F for
the Mechanical and
Storage Rooms space.
$263 $600 5.65 2.3
6 Other Electrical ‐
Controls Retrofit:
Head Bolt Heaters
Replace existing duplex
outlets with new controls
(www.iplc.com)
$1,963 $3,500 4.72 1.8
7 Refrigeration ‐
Controls Retrofit:
Refrigerated
Beverage Vending
machines
Add VendingMiser
(www.vendingmiserstore.c
om)
$332 $500 4.10 1.5
8 Setback Thermostat:
Residences and
Common Areas
Implement a Heating
Temperature Unoccupied
Setback to 55.0 deg F for
the Residences and
Common Areas space.
$1,354 $11,200 1.56 8.3
9 Lighting ‐ Power
Retrofit: Residential:
T8‐2lamp, OS not
needed
At next building re‐lamp,
replace (18) T8‐32 watt
lamps with 18 FLUOR (2)
T8 4' F32T8 28W Energy‐
Saver Instant StdElectronic
$19 $108 1.09 5.7
Appendix B – Detailed AkWarm-C report
Energy Audit – Energy Analysis and Cost Comparison
AkWarm Commercial Audit Software
Fire Station #11
Page 29
PRIORITY LIST – RECOMMENDED ENERGY EFFICIENCY MEASURES
Rank Feature Recommendation Annual Energy
Savings
Installed
Cost
SIR Payback
(Years)
10 Lighting ‐ Power
Retrofit: Residential:
T8‐1lamp, OS not
needed
At next building re‐lamp,
replace (1) T8‐32 watt
lamps with (1) FLUOR T8 4'
F32T8 28W Energy‐Saver
Instant StdElectronic
$1 $3 1.10 5.6
11 Lighting ‐ Combined
Retrofit: Apparatus
Bay: T8‐2lamp, add
OS
At next building re‐lamp,
replace (6) T8‐32 watt
lamps with 6 FLUOR (2) T8
4' F32T8 28W Energy‐
Saver Instant StdElectronic
and Remove Manual
Switching and Add new
Occupancy Sensor
$234 $1,536 0.94 6.6
12 Other Electrical ‐
Combined Retrofit:
Desktop Computers
Replace with 3 Laptops at
EOL @ incremental cost of
$200 ea and Improve
Manual Switching
$122 $600 0.93 4.9
13 Lighting ‐ Power
Retrofit: Exterior:
MH‐250, sign light
Replace with LED 80W
Module StdElectronic
$103
+ $50 Maint.
Savings
$2,000 0.90 19.5
14 Lighting ‐ Power
Retrofit: Exterior:
HPS‐250, wall pack
Replace with 10 LED 80W
Module StdElectronic
$1,025
+ $500 Maint.
Savings
$20,000 0.90 19.5
15 Lighting ‐ Power
Retrofit: Exterior:
MH‐250, parking lot
pole light
Replace with 7 LED 80W
Module StdElectronic
$717
+ $350 Maint.
Savings
$14,000 0.90 19.5
16 Lighting ‐ Combined
Retrofit:
Mechanical/Storage:
T8‐2lamp, add OS
At next building re‐lamp,
replace (12) T8‐32 watt
lamps with 12 FLUOR (2)
T8 4' F32T8 28W Energy‐
Saver Instant StdElectronic
and Remove Manual
Switching and Add new
Occupancy Sensor
$95 $672 0.87 7.1
17 Lighting ‐ Power
Retrofit: Residential:
T8‐2lamp, already
OS
At next building re‐lamp,
replace (24) T8‐32 watt
lamps with 24 FLUOR (2)
T8 4' F32T8 28W Energy‐
Saver Instant StdElectronic
$20 $144 0.84 7.3
Appendix B – Detailed AkWarm-C report
Energy Audit – Energy Analysis and Cost Comparison
AkWarm Commercial Audit Software
Fire Station #11
Page 30
PRIORITY LIST – RECOMMENDED ENERGY EFFICIENCY MEASURES
Rank Feature Recommendation Annual Energy
Savings
Installed
Cost
SIR Payback
(Years)
18 Lighting ‐ Power
Retrofit: Residential:
T12‐2lamp, 12", OS
added to circuit
under previous EEM
Replace with FLUOR (2) T8
4' F32T8 28W Energy‐
Saver Program
StdElectronic
$3
+ $10 Maint.
Savings
$220 0.50 75.4
19 Setback Thermostat:
Office Space
Implement a Heating
Temperature Unoccupied
Setback to 55.0 deg F for
the Office Space space.
$17 $500 0.43 29.9
20 Lighting ‐ Combined
Retrofit: Offices: T8‐
2lamp, add OS
At next building re‐lamp,
replace (3) T8‐32 watt
lamps with 3 FLUOR (2) T8
4' F32T8 28W Energy‐
Saver Instant StdElectronic
and Remove Manual
Switching and Add new
Occupancy Sensor
$22 $418 0.32 19.1
21 Lighting ‐ Combined
Retrofit: Residential:
T8‐2lamp, add OS
At next building re‐lamp,
replace (22) T8‐32 watt
lamps with 22 FLUOR (2)
T8 4' F32T8 28W Energy‐
Saver Instant StdElectronic
and Remove Manual
Switching and Add new
Occupancy Sensor
$110 $3,232 0.21 29.3
THE FOLLOWING EEM’S WERE CALCULATED OUTSIDE OF AkWARM-C. Savings will affect and
be affected by the EEM’s listed above, depending on their order of implementation.
See
Appe
ndix
D‐1
Plumbing Fixtures:
(5) 1.6 gpf W.C., (2)
urinals, (3) lavatory
faucets and (4)
showers
Retrofit all WC’s with 2‐
stage valves; replace
urinals with ultra‐low flow
versions; retrofit manual
lav faucets with proximity
sensing or timer valves
TOTAL $8,230
+ $920 Maint.
Savings
$60,028 1.52 7.3
Sample translation of the nomenclature used above:
** (item 1) At the next building re-lamp, i.e. when lamps were to be changed anyway, replace the 32 watt lamps with new
T8-28 watt energy saver lamps, at an incremental cost of $3 per lamp; also replace the existing manual switches with the
appropriate number and type of occupancy sensors. Occupancy sensors cost from $200 -$300 ea installed.
AkWarmCalc Ver 2.2.0.3, Energy Lib 5/18/2012
ENERGY AUDITS OF ALASKA FIRE STATION #11
June 22, 2012 Page 31 of 48
Appendix C – Equipment Schedules
ALL SCHEDULES COMPILED FROM PLANS OR ON‐SITE NAMEPLATE OBSERVATION, WHERE
ACCESSIBLE e= estimated
COOLING, HEATING, & ROOFTOP UNIT SCHEDULE
SYMBOL (QTY) MFGR/MODEL FAN CFM
MOTOR DATA
HP/VOLTS/PH REMARKS
RTU‐1 Trane 4YCC3024; 48 MBH heating, 2 Tons
cooling
800 .5/208/1
supply fan
80% efficient heating;
SEER of 13 cooling; new
in 2010
RTU‐2 Trane 4YCC3024; 48 MBH heating, 2 Tons
cooling
800 .5/208/1
supply fan
80% efficient heating;
SEER of 13 cooling; new
in 2010
RH‐1 (4) SpaceRay RSTP‐17; 175MBH n/a n/a gas fired infra red
radiant heaters
FAN SCHEDULE
SYMBOL (QTY) MOTOR MFGR/MODEL CFM
MOTOR DATA
HP/VOLTS/PH REMARKS
DS‐1 (4) Leading Edge destratification 250 e85w/115/1
VF‐1 Cook 100 SQN with HC 550 .167/115/1
installed 2007; appears
to be MAU
RH‐1A Broan 423001 190 85W/115/1 Range hood
RH‐1B Viking VXH3010 460 85W/115/1 Range hood
EF‐1 Penn Z8H 330 .03/115/1 mens toilet room
EF‐2 Penn Z8H 330 .03/115/1 womens toilet room
EF‐3 Penn Z5H 130 83w/115/1 decontamination room
EF‐4 Penn ZT 80 48w/115/1 public toilet room
BF‐1 Fantek FX6 160 87w/115/1 dryer booster fan
BOILER SCHEDULE
SYMBOL MFGR/MODEL
MOTOR DATA
HP/VOLTS/PH REMARKS
B‐1 Weil McLain OGS‐6‐PIN e.125/115/1
gas fired, 167 MBH input,
140 MBH output, 83.8%
efficient; Tekmar controller
B‐2 Weil McLain OGS‐6‐PIN e.125/115/1
gas fired, 167 MBH input,
140 MBH output, 83.8%
efficient; Tekmar controller
ENERGY AUDITS OF ALASKA FIRE STATION #11
June 22, 2012 Page 32 of 48
PUMP SCHEDULE
SYMBOL MFGR/MODEL GPM
MOTOR DATA
HP/VOLTS/PH REMARKS
CP‐1 Grundfos UPS 32‐160 28 .75/208/3
Main hydronic
circulation
CP‐2 Grundfos UPS 32‐160 28 .75/208/3 alternate
UNIT HEATER SCHEDULE
SYMBOL MFGR/MODEL CFM
MOTOR DATA
HP/VOLTS/PH REMARKS
CUH‐1 Modine CW; 4.8 MBH 250 .03/115/1 Vestibule 125
CUH‐1A Modine C‐2‐08; 12 MBH 250 .03/115/1 corridor 103
UH‐1 Modine HS‐24; 12 MBH 320 .04/115/1 Mezzanine storage 202
UH‐2 Modine HS‐24; 8 MBH 320 .04/115/1 Mezzanine storage 202
UH‐3 Modine HS‐24; 8 MBH 320 .04/115/1
Communications room
203
VUH‐4 Modine V42L: 18 MBH 960 .03/115/1 apparatus bay
KS‐1 Embassy HAV‐88; 8 MBH 90 2A/115/1
kickspace heater under
cabinets in Kitchen
HOT WATER HEATER SCHEDULE
SYMBOL MFGR/MODEL GALLONS
NUMBER OF
ELEMENTS ELEMENT SIZE
HWG‐1 Amtrol WHS80 ZCDW 80
indirect water
generator
PLUMBING FIXTURES
SYMBOL FIXTURE GPF QUANTITY REMARKS
W.C. w/PS 1.6 2 with proximity sensor
Urinal w/PS 1 1 with proximity sensor
W.C. 1.6 3 manually operated
Urinal 1 1 manually operated
Lavatory ‐ 3 manually operated
Shower 2.6 4 manually operated
EQUIPMENT SCHEDULES
ENERGY AUDITS OF ALASKA FIRE STATION #11
June 22, 2012 Page 33 of 48
SYMBOL FIXTURE QUANTITY
MOTOR DATA
HP/VOLTS/PH REMARKS
Commercial Washer ‐ UniMat 35 1 1.5 hrs/day use
Commercial Dryer ‐ Speed Queen 1 electric
Bench Grinder ‐ Delta 8" 1
Overhead Door Opener 6 .5/115/1
each door open for 2
min, 6x/day
AirHawk Air Scrubbers 4 1/115/1
inerlocked with MAU
and OH doors; run
approx 10 min after
door closes, 6x/day
PLUG LOAD SUMMARY
SYMBOL FIXTURE QUANTITY
MOTOR DATA
HP/VOLTS/PH REMARKS
DVD Player 1
Projector 1
Personal Printer 3 85w
Large TV 2 450w
Small TV 2
Microwave 2 1200w
Air Cleaner 1
Commercial Coffee 1
Laptop 1 60w
Communication Rack 1
Toaster 1
Battery Charger ‐ Dewalt 1
Fan 1
Power Drops 6 2.4Kw/120/1
to maintain battery and
brake pressure; 20A
Treadmill ‐ Nordic Track 2
Sound System 1
Elliptical 2
Stationary Bike 1
KITCHEN SCHEDULE
SYMBOL FIXTURE QUANTITY REMARKS
Dishwasher 2
normal household dishwasher; 4
loads/day
Full sized residential refrigerators, < 10 yrs 4 Appear to be Energy Star Models
Oven/Stove 2
gas; normal household oven w/stove top;
stove used 4 burners for 2 hrs/day;
36,000 MBH burners; electric pilot
LIGHTING SCHEDULE
ENERGY AUDITS OF ALASKA FIRE STATION #11
June 22, 2012 Page 34 of 48
FIXTURE TYPE DESCRIPTION LAMPS MOUNTING
NUMBER WATTS TYPE HEIGHT
Wall pack HPS ‐ Exterior, magnetic ballast 1 100 surface 10'
Pole Light HPS ‐ Exterior, magnetic ballast 1 250 Pole 28'
Wall pack Metal Halide ‐ Exterior, magnetic ballast 1 250 surface 10'
Recess can CFL, plug‐in 1 18 recess ceiling
T8‐1 Florescent, T8 lamps, electronic ballast 1 32 surface ceiling
T8‐2 Florescent, T8 lamps, electronic ballast 2 32 surface ceiling
T8‐3 Florescent, T8 lamps, electronic ballast 3 32 surface ceiling
T5‐1 Florescent T5, electronic ballast 1 54 surface ceiling
T5‐4 Florescent T5, electronic ballast 4 54 surface ceiling
T12‐2 Florescent T12, electronic ballast 2 40 surface ceiling
Incandescent floor, table and desk lamps 1 60 surface 4'
Exit Sign Self Illuminating Exit Sign, Interior wall 8'
Wall pack LED, Exterior 1 25 surface 10'
LARGE MOTOR SCHEDULE
Motor use & location (3
HP or larger) HP/Volts/Ph
Existing
Efficiency
Premium
Efficiency
Estimated
annual
usage (hrs)
Annual
Savings
Burn‐out
payback
(yrs/cost)
Replacement
payback (yrs/cost)
There are no motors 3 HP or larger in this facility
ENERGY AUDITS OF ALASKA FIRE STATION #11
June 22, 2012 Page 35 of 48
Appendix D
Additional, Building-Specific EEM details
Appendix D-1: Plumbing fixtures: All urinals should be retrofitted or be replaced with ultra low
flow models. The lavatory faucets should be retrofitted with proximity sensing on/off controls. All
toilets in this building are 1.6 gallons per flush and most have with manual valves, they should
be retrofitted with dual flush valves (see below). This audit does not include water usage and
AkWarm-C does not allow for the modeling of it, but a typical ultra low flow urinal (1 pint to ½
gallon per flush) can save up to 66% of water used, and typically pays back within 3 years,
depending on usage. Dual flush toilet valves will typically pay back within 1-3 years, depending
on usage. These payback periods are reduced by 66% or more if the fixture or valve is
replaced at its EOL rather than while it’s still functioning. For an EOL replacement, the cost
used is the incremental difference in cost between an ultra-low-flow fixture and a straight across
replacement with the same fixture.
ENERGY AUDITS OF ALASKA FIRE STATION #11
June 22, 2012 Page 36 of 48
Appendix D-2: Additional EEM’S considered but not recommended
Replacement of existing boilers with high efficiency, condensing units: The AkWarm-C
model was run a second time using boiler efficiencies of 94%. The total annual savings was
$246. There would also be some maintenance savings, but the existing boilers are only 13
years old. This said, it is clear that this is not an economically justifiable recommendation,
therefore it is not recommended.
Air Scrubbers – already installed
Motor replacements – no motors large enough to consider
De-stratification fans – already installed
Automatic Overhead door closers – The AkWarm-C model does not show enough savings;
NG consumption demonstrates that building management is keeping doors consistently closed.
Variable Frequency Drives (VFD’s) – no motors large enough to consider
ENERGY AUDITS OF ALASKA FIRE STATION #11
June 22, 2012 Page 37 of 48
Appendix E – Specifications supporting EEM’s
Lighting Controls
Occupancy sensors sense the presence of occupants, turn the lights on at a pre-determined
level, and then turn the lights off after a programmed time period of no occupancy. Line of sight,
motion sensing occupancy sensors can be installed in existing duplex switch boxes, as well as
on ceilings. Dual technology sensors are typically ceiling mounted in rooms, lavatories,
corridors, vehicle bays and storage areas where obstacles may interfere with line-of-sight
sensors. The second technology in these sensors activates lighting based on sound or changes
in position, and work even when a person is fully obscured by an obstacle. Zoned occupancy
controls are typically recommended for long corridors, large vehicle bays and large storage
areas with multiple switches and lighting zones. Zoned controls are designed to activate and de-
activate lighting by zone, by row, or even by fixture, based on the location of the occupant.
Occupancy sensors can reduce power consumption by 25-60%. Paybacks on occupancy
sensors range from 1 to 5 years, depending on the light fixture consumption and occupancy of
the room.
Lighting Management Systems (LMS) today have the capability to manage lighting based on a
wide variety of parameters including building usage, daylight conditions and occupancy. They
are retro-fittable, and can be stand alone or integrated into a building’s HVAC, alarm or other
control systems. Additionally, they can be easily re-configured as a building’s usage or
occupancy pattern changes.
Sample LMS systems and a sample high bay occupancy sensor (which could be used for zone
lighting control) follow.
ENERGY AUDITS OF ALASKA FIRE STATION #11
June 22, 2012 Page 38 of 48
Appendix E – Lighting Controls
ENERGY AUDITS OF ALASKA FIRE STATION #11
June 22, 2012 Page 39 of 48
ENERGY AUDITS OF ALASKA FIRE STATION #11
June 22, 2012 Page 40 of 48
Appendix E – Programmable digital thermostat with optional occupancy sensing,
wireless receiver and door sensor
ENERGY AUDITS OF ALASKA FIRE STATION #11
June 22, 2012 Page 41 of 48
Appendix E – Headbolt Heater controls
ENERGY AUDITS OF ALASKA FIRE STATION #11
June 22, 2012 Page 42 of 48
Appendix F – Benchmark Data
$0
$500
$1,000
$1,500
$2,000
$2,500
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
Jan‐09Mar‐09May‐09Jul‐09Sep‐09Nov‐09Jan‐10Mar‐10May‐10Jul‐10Sep‐10Nov‐10Natural Gas Cost ($)Natural Gas Consumption (Therms)Date (Mon ‐Yr)
Fire Station #11 ‐Natural Gas Consumption (Therms) vs. Natural Gas Cost ($)
Natural Gas Consumption (Therms)
Natural Gas Cost ($)
$0
$500
$1,000
$1,500
$2,000
$2,500
$3,000
$3,500
$4,000
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
16000
18000
Jan‐09Mar‐09May‐09Jul‐09Sep‐09Nov‐09Jan‐10Mar‐10May‐10Jul‐10Sep‐10Nov‐10Electric Cost ($)Electric Consumption (kWh)Date (Mon ‐Yr)
Fire Station #11 ‐Electric Consumption (kWh) vs. Electric Cost ($)
Electric Consumption (kWh)
Electric Cost ($)
ENERGY AUDITS OF ALASKA FIRE STATION #11
June 22, 2012 Page 43 of 48
REAL Preliminary Benchmark Data Form
PART I – FACILITY INFORMATION
Facility Owner Facility Owned By Date
MOA Municipal
Government/Subdivision
04/24/12
Building Name/ Identifier Building Usage Building Square Footage
Fire Station #11 Other 10,647
Building Type Community Population Year Built
Mixed 261,500
Facility Address Facility City Facility Zip
16630 Eagle River Rd Eagle River 99577
Contact Person
First Name Last Name Middle Name Email Phone
Cindy Liggett Liggettck@ci.anchorage.ak.us 343‐4599
Mailing Address City State Zip
Anchorage AK
Primary
Operating
Hours
Monday‐
Friday
Saturday Sunday Holidays
24/7 24/7 24/7 24/7
Average # of
Occupants
During
Operating
Hours
ENERGY AUDITS OF ALASKA FIRE STATION #11
June 22, 2012 Page 44 of 48
Fire Station #11
Buiding Size Input (sf) = 10,647
2009 Natural Gas Consumption (Therms) 10,593.00
2009 Natural Gas Cost ($) 11,104
2009 Electric Consumption (kWh) 143,280
2009 Electric Cost ($) 24,653
2009 Oil Consumption (Therms) 0.00
2009 Oil Cost ($) 0
2009 Propane Consumption (Therms) 0.00
2009 Propane Cost ($) 0.00
2009 Coal Consumption (Therms) 0.00
2009 Coal Cost ($) 0.00
2009 Wood Consumption (Therms) 0.00
2009 Wood Cost ($) 0.00
2009 Thermal Consumption (Therms) 0.00
2009 Thermal Cost ($) 0.00
2009 Steam Consumption (Therms) 0.00
2009 Steam Cost ($) 0.00
2009 Total Energy Use (kBtu) 1,548,315
2009 Total Energy Cost ($) 35,757
Annual Energy Use Intensity (EUI)
2009 Natural Gas (kBtu/sf) 99.5
2009 Electricity (kBtu/sf) 45.9
2009 Oil (kBtu/sf) 0.0
2009 Propane (kBtu/sf) 0.0
2009 Coal (kBtu/sf) 0.0
2009 Wood (kBtu/sf) 0.0
ENERGY AUDITS OF ALASKA FIRE STATION #11
June 22, 2012 Page 45 of 48
2009 Thermal (kBtu/sf) 0.0
2009 Steam (kBtu/sf) 0.0
2009 Energy Utilization Index (kBtu/sf) 145.4
Annual Energy Cost Index (ECI)
2009 Natural Gas Cost Index ($/sf) 1.04
2009 Electric Cost Index ($/sf) 2.32
2009 Oil Cost Index ($/sf) 0.00
2009 Propane Cost Index ($/sf) 0.00
2009 Coal Cost Index ($/sf) 0.00
2009 Wood Cost Index ($/sf) 0.00
2009 Thermal Cost Index ($/sf) 0.00
2009 Steam Cost Index ($/sf) 0.00
2009 Energy Cost Index ($/sf) 3.36
2010 Natural Gas Consumption (Therms) 10,586.00
2010 Natural Gas Cost ($) 8,845
2010 Electric Consumption (kWh) 169,120
2010 Electric Cost ($) 20,012
2010 Oil Consumption (Therms) 0.00
2010 Oil Cost ($) 0
2010 Propane Consumption (Therms) 0.00
2010 Propane Cost ($) 0
2010 Coal Consumption (Therms) 0.00
2010 Coal Cost ($) 0
2010 Wood Consumption (Therms) 0.00
2010 Wood Cost ($) 0
2010 Thermal Consumption (Therms) 0.00
2010 Thermal Cost ($) 0
2010 Steam Consumption (Therms) 0.00
2010 Steam Cost ($) 0
ENERGY AUDITS OF ALASKA FIRE STATION #11
June 22, 2012 Page 46 of 48
2010 Total Energy Use (kBtu) 1,635,807
2010 Total Energy Cost ($) 28,857
Annual Energy Use Intensity (EUI)
2010 Natural Gas (kBtu/sf) 99.4
2010 Electricity (kBtu/sf) 54.2
2010 Oil (kBtu/sf) 0.0
2010 Propane (kBtu/sf) 0.0
2010 Coal (kBtu/sf) 0.0
2010 Wood (kBtu/sf) 0.0
2010 Thermal (kBtu/sf) 0.0
2010 Steam (kBtu/sf) 0.0
2010 Energy Utilization Index (kBtu/sf) 153.6
Annual Energy Cost Index (ECI)
2010 Natural Gas Cost Index ($/sf) 0.83
2010 Electric Cost Index ($/sf) 1.88
2010 Oil Cost Index ($/sf) 0.00
2010 Propane Cost Index ($/sf) 0.00
2010 Coal Cost Index ($/sf) 0.00
2010 Wood Cost Index ($/sf) 0.00
2010 Thermal Cost Index ($/sf) 0.00
2010 Steam Cost Index ($/sf) 0.00
20010 Energy Cost Index ($/sf) 2.71
Note:
1 kWh = 3,413 Btu's
1 Therm = 100,000 Btu's
1 CF ≈ 1,000 Btu's
ENERGY AUDITS OF ALASKA FIRE STATION #11
June 22, 2012 Page 47 of 48
Natural Gas Btus/CCF =100,000
Month Billing Days Consumption (CCF) Consumption (Therms) Natural Gas Cost ($) Unit Cost ($/Therm)
Jan‐09 36 1957 1957 $2,044 $1.04
Feb‐09 29 1528 1528 $1,589 $1.04
Mar‐09 28 1374 1374 $1,431 $1.04
Apr‐09 30 1334 1334 $1,389 $1.04
May‐09 31 771 771 $808 $1.05
Jun‐09 30 365 365 $389 $1.07
Jul‐09 27 210 210 $229 $1.09
Aug‐09 35 223 223 $242 $1.09
Sep‐09 28 322 322 $345 $1.07
Oct‐09 30 467 467 $495 $1.06
Nov‐09 34 716 716 $752 $1.05
Dec‐09 28 1326 1326 $1,391 $1.05
Jan‐10 33 1810 1810 $1,564 $0.86
Feb‐10 29 1356 1356 $1,190 $0.88
Mar‐10 30 1174 1174 $1,031 $0.88
Apr‐10 33 1300 1300 $1,140 $0.88
May‐10 29 771 771 $681 $0.88
Jun‐10 29 428 428 $384 $0.90
Jul‐10 33 357 357 $328 $0.92
Aug‐10 27 264 264 $242 $0.92
Sep‐10 29 240 240 $302 $1.26
Oct‐10 34 644 644 $634 $0.98
Nov‐10 28 848 848 $789 $0.93
Dec‐10 30 1394 1394 $560 $0.40
Jan ‐ 09 to Dec ‐ 09 total: 10,593 10,593 $11,104
Jan ‐ 10 to Dec ‐ 10 total: 10,586 10,586 $8,845
Jan ‐ 09 to Dec ‐ 09 avg: $1.06
Jan ‐ 10 to Dec ‐ 10 avg: $0.89
ENERGY AUDITS OF ALASKA FIRE STATION #11
June 22, 2012 Page 48 of 48
Electricity Btus/kWh =3,413
Month Start Date End Date Billing Days
Consumption
(kWh)
Total Electric Cost
($)
Unit Cost
($/kWh)
Jan‐09 12/27/2008 1/26/2009 30 15080 $3,797 $0.25
Feb‐09 1/26/2009 2/24/2009 29 12160 $3,260 $0.27
Mar‐09 2/24/2009 3/24/2009 28 11920 $3,113 $0.26
Apr‐09 3/24/2009 4/26/2009 33 12480 $1,693 $0.14
May‐09 4/26/2009 5/26/2009 30 10040 $1,392 $0.14
Jun‐09 5/26/2009 6/27/2009 32 10960 $1,502 $0.14
Jul‐09 6/27/2009 7/27/2009 30 9120 $1,197 $0.13
Aug‐09 7/27/2009 8/25/2009 29 8840 $1,170 $0.13
Sep‐09 8/26/2009 9/27/2009 32 11000 $1,447 $0.13
Oct‐09 9/27/2009
10/26/200
9 30 12200 $2,407 $0.20
Nov‐09 10/26/2009
11/28/200
9 32 15000 $1,867 $0.12
Dec‐09 11/28/2009
12/27/200
9 29 14480 $1,807 $0.12
Jan‐10 12/27/2009 1/25/2010 29 15080 $1,736 $0.12
Feb‐10 1/25/2010 2/25/2010 31 15320 $1,746 $0.11
Mar‐10 2/25/2010 3/24/2010 27 12480 $1,442 $0.12
Apr‐10 3/24/2010 4/26/2010 33 14120 $1,492 $0.11
May‐10 4/26/2010 5/25/2010 29 11280 $1,202 $0.11
Jun‐10 5/25/2010 6/26/2010 32 13240 $1,391 $0.11
Jul‐10 6/26/2010 7/26/2010 30 12600 $1,339 $0.11
Aug‐10 7/26/2010 8/28/2010 33 15440 $3,050 $0.20
Sep‐10 8/28/2010 9/26/2010 29 13680 $1,555 $0.11
Oct‐10 9/26/2010
10/26/201
0 30 14880 $1,628 $0.11
Nov‐10 10/26/2010
11/28/201
0 33 15560 $1,722 $0.11
Dec‐10 11/28/2010
12/27/201
0 29 15440 $1,709 $0.11
Jan ‐ 09 to Dec ‐ 09 total: 143280 $24,653
Jan ‐ 10 to Dec ‐ 10 total: 169120 $20,012
Jan ‐ 09 to Dec ‐ 09 avg: $0.17
Jan ‐ 10 to Dec ‐ 10 avg: $0.12