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CIRI-SXQ-CAEC Soldotna City Hall 2012-EE
ENERGY AUDIT REPORT Soldotna City Hall 177 North Birch Soldotna, AK 99669 CAEC Project No. CIRI‐SXQ‐CAEC‐07 May 2012 SUBMITTED BY: PRIMARY CONTACT: 22010 SE 51st Street 32266 Lakefront Drive Issaquah, WA 98029 Soldotna, Alaska 99669 Phone (425)281‐4706 Fax (425)507‐4350 Phone (907) 260‐5311 Fax (907) 260‐5312 Email: andrew.waymire@siemens.com Email: akengineer@starband.net CONTACT: Andrew Waymire, C.E.M. CONTACT: Jerry P. Herring, P.E., C.E.A. REPORT DISCLAIMER Privacy The information contained within this report, including any attachment(s), was produced under contract to Alaska Housing Finance Corporation (AHFC). IGAs are the property of the State of Alaska, and may be incorporated into AkWarm-C, the Alaska Retrofit Information System (ARIS), or other state and/or public information systems. AkWarm-C is a building energy modeling software developed under contract by AHFC. This material is based upon work supported by the Department of Energy under Award Number DE- EE0000095. This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof. Limitations of Study This energy audit is intended to identify and recommend potential areas of energy savings, estimate the value of the savings, and provide an opinion of the costs to implement the recommendations. This audit meets the criteria of a Level 2 Investment Grade Audit (IGA) per the American Society of Heating, Refrigeration, Air-conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) and the Association of Energy Engineers (AEE), and is valid for one year. The life of the IGA may be extended on a case-by-case basis, at the discretion of AHFC. In preparing this report, the preparers acted with the standard of care prevalent in this region for this type of work. All results are dependent on the quality of input data provided. Not all data could be verified and no destructive testing or investigations were undertaken. Some data may have been incomplete. This report is not intended to be a final design document. Any modifications or changes made to a building to realize the savings must be designed and implemented by licensed, experienced professionals in their fields. Lighting upgrades should undergo a thorough lighting analysis to assure that the upgrades will comply with State of Alaska Statutes as well as Illuminating Engineering Society (IES) recommendations. All liabilities for upgrades, including but not limited to safety, design, and performance are incumbent upon the professional(s) who prepare the design. Siemens Industry, Inc (SII) and Central Alaska Engineering Company (CAEC) bear no responsibility for work performed as a result of this report. Financial ratios may vary from those forecasted due to the uncertainty of the final installed design, configuration, equipment selected, installation costs, related additional work, or the operating schedules and maintenance provided by the owner. Furthermore, many ECMs are interactive, so implementation of one ECM may impact the performance of another ECM. SII and CAEC accept no liability for financial loss due to ECMs that fail to meet the forecasted financial ratios. The economic analyses for the ECMs relating to lighting improvements are based solely on energy savings. Additional benefits may be realized in reduced maintenance cost, deferred maintenance, and improved lighting quality. The new generation lighting systems have significantly longer life leading to long term labor savings, especially in high areas like Gyms and exterior parking lots. Lighting upgrades displace re-lamping costs for any fixtures whose lamps would otherwise be nearing the end of their lifecycle. This reduces maintenance costs for 3-10 years after the upgrade. An overall improvement in lighting quality, quantified by numerous studies, improves the performance of students and workers in the built environment. New lighting systems can be designed to address all of the above benefits. Table of Contents REPORT DISCLAIMER.....................................................................................................................................2 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY..............................................................................................................................5 2. AUDIT AND ANALYSIS BACKGROUND.......................................................................................................8 3. Soldotna City Hall....................................................................................................................................11 4. ENERGY COST SAVING MEASURES..........................................................................................................20 Appendix A – Major Equipment List ...........................................................................................................29 Appendix B – Lighting Inventory.................................................................................................................30 Appendix C – IR Pictures / Heat Loss Signature..........................................................................................31 Appendix D – REAL Utility Data...................................................................................................................33 Siemens Industry, Inc. Soldotna City Hall Energy Audit Report AkWarm ID No. CIRI‐SXQ‐CAEC‐07 Page 5 of 39 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This report was prepared for the City of Soldotna using ARRA funds as part of a contract for: City of Soldotna Alaska Housing Finance Corporation Contact: Kyle Kornelis Contact: Rebekah Luhrs 177 North Birch P.O. Box 10120 Soldotna, Alaska 99669 Anchorage, Alaska 99510 Phone (907) 262‐9107 Phone (907)330‐8141 Email: kkornelis@ci.soldotna.ak.us Email: rluhrs@ahfc.us The scope of the audit focused on Soldotna City Hall. The scope of this report is a comprehensive energy study, which included an analysis of building shell, interior and exterior lighting systems, HVAC systems, and plug loads. Based on electricity and fuel oil prices in effect at the time of the audit, the annual predicted energy costs for the buildings analyzed are as follows: $20,310 for Electricity $5,777 for Natural Gas The total energy costs are $26,088 per year. Table 1.1 below summarizes the energy efficiency measures analyzed for the Soldotna City Hall. Listed are the estimates of the annual savings, installed costs, and two different financial measures of investment return. Table 1.1 PRIORITY LIST – ENERGY EFFICIENCY MEASURES Rank Feature Improvement Description Annual Energy Savings Installed Cost Savings to Investment Ratio, SIR1 Simple Payback (Years)2 1 Lighting Replace with 4 FLUOR CFL, Reflector 23W R25 $218 $263 10.05 1.2 2 Lighting Replace with 5 FLUOR CFL, Spiral 42 W $551 $723 9.23 1.3 3 Lighting Replace with 15 FLUOR CFL, Reflector 23W R25 $257 $988 3.16 3.8 4 Lighting Replace with 4 FLUOR CFL, Plug-in 18W Quad Tube StdElectronic $112 $289 2.46 2.6 5 Lighting Replace with 8 120W Induction $859 $14,201 1.16 16.5 TOTAL, cost-effective measures $1,996 $16,463 1.80 8.2 The following measures were not found to be cost-effective: Siemens Industry, Inc. Soldotna City Hall Energy Audit Report AkWarm ID No. CIRI‐SXQ‐CAEC‐07 Page 6 of 39 Table 1.1 PRIORITY LIST – ENERGY EFFICIENCY MEASURES Rank Feature Improvement Description Annual Energy Savings Installed Cost Savings to Investment Ratio, SIR1 Simple Payback (Years)2 6 Lighting Replace with 2 FLUOR (2) T8 4' F32T8 32W Standard Instant StdElectronic $32 $496 0.77 15.7 7 Lighting Replace with 4 FLUOR (2) T8 4' F32T8 32W Standard Instant StdElectronic $63 $994 0.77 15.7 8 Lighting Replace with 3 FLUOR (2) T8 4' F32T8 32W Standard Instant StdElectronic $47 $747 0.77 15.8 9 Lighting Replace with 8 FLUOR (4) T8 4' F32T8 32W Standard (2) Instant StdElectronic $87 $2,563 0.41 29.6 10 Lighting Replace with 11 40W Induction $287 $14,401 0.38 50.1 11 Lighting Replace with 21 FLUOR (4) T8 4' F32T8 32W Standard (2) Instant StdElectronic $212 $6,726 0.38 31.8 12 HVAC And DHW Boiler replacement HW Reset $3,271 $149,090 0.34 45.6 13 Lighting Replace with 51 FLUOR (4) T8 4' F32T8 32W Standard Instant StdElectronic $418 $16,333 0.31 39.0 14 Lighting Replace with 4 FLUOR (2) T8 4' F32T8 32W Standard Instant StdElectronic $15 $987 0.18 66.7 15 Setback Thermostat: City Hall Implement a Heating Temperature Unoccupied Setback to 62.0 deg F for the City Hall space. $334 $56,523 0.08 169.2 16 Lighting Replace with 11 FLUOR (2) T8 4' F32T8 32W Standard Instant StdElectronic $0 $2,734 0.00 999.9 TOTAL, all measures $6,763 $268,058 0.38 39.6 Table Notes: 1 Savings to Investment Ratio (SIR) is a life‐cycle cost measure calculated by dividing the total savings over the life of a project (expressed in today’s dollars) by its investment costs. The SIR is an indication of the profitability of a measure; the higher the SIR, the more profitable the project. An SIR greater than 1.0 indicates a cost‐effective project (i.e. more savings than cost). Remember that this profitability is based on the position of that Energy Efficiency Measure (EEM) in the overall list and assumes that the measures above it are implemented first. 2 Simple Payback (SP) is a measure of the length of time required for the savings from an EEM to payback the investment cost, not counting interest on the investment and any future changes in energy prices. It is calculated by dividing the investment cost by the expected first‐year savings of the EEM. With all of these energy efficiency measures in place, the annual utility cost can be reduced by $6,763 per year, or 25.9% of the buildings’ total energy costs. These measures are estimated to Siemens Industry, Inc. Soldotna City Hall Energy Audit Report AkWarm ID No. CIRI‐SXQ‐CAEC‐07 Page 7 of 39 cost $268,058, for an overall simple payback period of 39.6 years. If only the cost‐effective measures are implemented, the annual utility cost can be reduced by $1,996 per year, or 7.7% of the buildings’ total energy costs. These measures are estimated to cost $16,463, for an overall simple payback period of 8.2 years. Table 1.2 below is a breakdown of the annual energy cost across various energy end use types, such as Space Heating and Water Heating. The first row in the table shows the breakdown for the building as it is now. The second row shows the expected breakdown of energy cost for the building assuming all of the retrofits in this report are implemented. Finally, the last row shows the annual energy savings that will be achieved from the retrofits. Table 1.2 Annual Energy Cost Estimate Description Space Heating Space Cooling Water Heating Lighting Refrigera tion Other Electrical Cooking Clothes Drying Ventilatio n Fans Service Fees Total Cost Existing Building $9,256 $0 $745 $13,23 6 $0 $1,232 $0 $0 $981 $637 $26,088 With All Proposed Retrofits $7,080 $0 $0 $9,394 $0 $1,232 $0 $0 $981 $637 $19,325 SAVINGS $2,176 $0 $745 $3,842 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $6,763 Siemens Industry, Inc. Soldotna City Hall Energy Audit Report AkWarm ID No. CIRI‐SXQ‐CAEC‐07 Page 8 of 39 2. AUDIT AND ANALYSIS BACKGROUND 2.1 Program Description This audit included services to identify, develop, and evaluate energy efficiency measures at the Soldotna City Hall. The scope of this project included evaluating building shell, lighting and other electrical systems, and HVAC equipment, motors and pumps. Measures were analyzed based on life‐cycle‐cost techniques, which include the initial cost of the equipment, life of the equipment, annual energy cost, annual maintenance cost, and a discount rate of 3.0%/year in excess of general inflation. 2.2 Audit Description Preliminary audit information was gathered in preparation for the site survey. The site survey provides critical information in deciphering where energy is used and what opportunities exist within a building. The entire site was surveyed to inventory the following to gain an understanding of how each building operates: • Building envelope (roof, windows, etc.) • Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning equipment (HVAC) • Lighting systems and controls • Building‐specific equipment • Water consumption, treatment (optional) & disposal The building site visit was performed to survey all major building components and systems. The site visit included detailed inspection of energy consuming components. Summary of building occupancy schedules, operating and maintenance practices, and energy management programs provided by the building manager were collected along with the system and components to determine a more accurate impact on energy consumption. Details collected from Soldotna City Hall enable a model of the building’s energy usage to be developed, highlighting the building’s total energy consumption, energy consumption by specific building component, and equivalent energy cost. The analysis involves distinguishing the different fuels used on site, and analyzing their consumption in different activity areas of the building. Soldotna City Hall is classified as being made up of the following activity areas: 1) City Hall: 11,676 square feet Siemens Industry, Inc. Soldotna City Hall Energy Audit Report AkWarm ID No. CIRI‐SXQ‐CAEC‐07 Page 9 of 39 In addition, the methodology involves taking into account a wide range of factors specific to the building. These factors are used in the construction of the model of energy used. The factors include: • Occupancy hours • Local climate conditions • Prices paid for energy 2.3. Method of Analysis Data collected was processed using AkWarm© Energy Use Software to estimate energy savings for each of the proposed energy efficiency measures (EEMs). The recommendations focus on the building envelope; HVAC; lighting, plug load, and other electrical improvements; and motor and pump systems that will reduce annual energy consumption. EEMs are evaluated based on building use and processes, local climate conditions, building construction type, function, operational schedule, existing conditions, and foreseen future plans. Energy savings are calculated based on industry standard methods and engineering estimations. Our analysis provides a number of tools for assessing the cost effectiveness of various improvement options. These tools utilize Life‐Cycle Costing, which is defined in this context as a method of cost analysis that estimates the total cost of a project over the period of time that includes both the construction cost and ongoing maintenance and operating costs. Savings to Investment Ratio (SIR) = Savings divided by Investment Savings includes the total discounted dollar savings considered over the life of the improvement. When these savings are added up, changes in future fuel prices as projected by the Department of Energy are included. Future savings are discounted to the present to account for the time‐value of money (i.e. money’s ability to earn interest over time). The Investment in the SIR calculation includes the labor and materials required to install the measure. An SIR value of at least 1.0 indicates that the project is cost‐effective—total savings exceed the investment costs. Simple payback is a cost analysis method whereby the investment cost of a project is divided by the first year’s savings of the project to give the number of years required to recover the cost of the investment. This may be compared to the expected time before replacement of the system or component will be required. For example, if a boiler costs $12,000 and results in a savings of $1,000 in the first year, the payback time is 12 years. If the boiler has an expected life to replacement of 10 years, it would not be financially viable to make the investment since the payback period of 12 years is greater than the project life. The Simple Payback calculation does not consider likely increases in future annual savings due to energy price increases. As an offsetting simplification, simple payback does not consider the need to earn interest on the investment (i.e. it does not consider the time‐value of money). Because of these simplifications, the SIR figure is considered to be a better financial investment indicator than the Simple Payback measure. Siemens Industry, Inc. Soldotna City Hall Energy Audit Report AkWarm ID No. CIRI‐SXQ‐CAEC‐07 Page 10 of 39 Measures are implemented in order of cost‐effectiveness. The program first calculates individual SIRs, and ranks all measures by SIR, higher SIRs at the top of the list. An individual measure must have an individual SIR>=1 to make the cut. Next the building is modified and re‐ simulated with the highest ranked measure included. Now all remaining measures are re‐ evaluated and ranked, and the next most cost‐effective measure is implemented. AkWarm goes through this iterative process until all appropriate measures have been evaluated and installed. It is important to note that the savings for each recommendation is calculated based on implementing the most cost effective measure first, and then cycling through the list to find the next most cost effective measure. Implementation of more than one EEM often affects the savings of other EEMs. The savings may in some cases be relatively higher if an individual EEM is implemented in lieu of multiple recommended EEMs. For example implementing a reduced operating schedule for inefficient lighting will result in relatively high savings. Implementing a reduced operating schedule for newly installed efficient lighting will result in lower relative savings, because the efficient lighting system uses less energy during each hour of operation. If multiple EEM’s are recommended to be implemented, AkWarm calculates the combined savings appropriately. Cost savings are calculated based on estimated initial costs for each measure. Installation costs include labor and equipment to estimate the full up‐front investment required to implement a change. Costs are derived from Means Cost Data, industry publications, and local contractors and equipment suppliers. 2.4 Limitations of Study All results are dependent on the quality of input data provided, and can only act as an approximation. In some instances, several methods may achieve the identified savings. This report is not intended as a final design document. The design professional or other persons following the recommendations shall accept responsibility and liability for the results. Siemens Industry, Inc. Soldotna City Hall Energy Audit Report AkWarm ID No. CIRI‐SXQ‐CAEC‐07 Page 11 of 39 3. Soldotna City Hall (Photo From Google Maps) 3.1. Building Description The 11,676 square foot Soldotna City Hall was constructed in 1986, with a normal occupancy of 20 people. The number of hours of operation for this building average 6.4 hours per day, considering all seven days of the week. Soldotna City Hall included the office of the City Manager, City Clerk, Finance, and Planning and Zoning. Description of Building Shell The exterior walls are constructed of a strapped masonry wall with 3.5” brick face, 5/8” gypsum wall board, and a 2x6 studded frame. The Roof of the building is constructed concrete paver edging, rigid insulation with latex cement toping, single membrane roofing surface, and plywood sheathings. The Floor/Foundation of the building is constructed slab concrete. Typical windows throughout the building are typically aluminum frames with double pane glass. Doors are full glass at the main entrance and metal on most side entrances. Siemens Industry, Inc. Soldotna City Hall Energy Audit Report AkWarm ID No. CIRI‐SXQ‐CAEC‐07 Page 12 of 39 Description of Heating and Cooling Plants The Heating Plants used in the building are: Weil‐Mclain Nameplate Information: Weil‐McLain Mod LGB06 MBH in/out: 650/457.4 Fuel Type: Natural Gas Input Rating: 1,300 MBH total (2 Boilers) Steady State Efficiency: 70 % Idle Loss: 10 % Heat Distribution Type: Water Boiler Operation: All Year Notes: Boiler Piping goes to 4 Zones Space Heating and Cooling Distribution Systems Hot water from two (2) 650 MBH boilers is distributed by three (3) circulations pumps throughout the building to a variety of terminal devices. Two (2) air handling units serve the heating and ventilation needs of most of the building. AHU‐1 is controlled by a DDC system while AHU‐2 was not operating at the time of the walkthrough and is controlled by a pneumatic system. Baseboards, radiant heating and unit heaters also contribute to space heating. Perimeter heating is controlled by a Johnson Controls pneumatic system. AHU‐1 is controlled by a DDC system No cooling systems currently exist in the building. Domestic Hot Water System Domestic hot water is provided by a State 30 gallon gas‐fired domestic hot water heater and is circulated by a fractional horsepower pump. Waste Heat Recovery Information Siemens Industry, Inc. Soldotna City Hall Energy Audit Report AkWarm ID No. CIRI‐SXQ‐CAEC‐07 Page 13 of 39 No waste heat recovery system exists. Description of Building Ventilation System Fresh air is served by the two (2) air handling units. Two exhaust fans also ventilate the bathrooms. Lighting Lighting primarily consists of 34 watt, T12 linear fluorescent lamps with magnetic ballasts. Some screw‐in incandescent lamps are used in the assembly room. Also, some areas of the basement have been retrofitted with 32 watt, T8 linear fluorescent lamps during renovations. Exterior lighting consists of metal halide and high pressure sodium lamps of various wattages. Plug Loads Typical office plug loads existing. Plug loads consist of computers, monitors, printers, copy machines and standard kitchenette appliances. Major Equipment The equipment list, available in Appendix A, is composed of major energy consuming equipment which through energy conservation measures could yield substantial energy savings. The list shows the major equipment in the building and pertinent information utilized in energy savings calculations. 3.2 Predicted Energy Use 3.2.1 Energy Usage / Tariffs The electric usage profile charts (below) represents the predicted electrical usage for the building. If actual electricity usage records were available, the model used to predict usage was calibrated to approximately match actual usage. The electric utility measures consumption in kilowatt‐hours (kWh) and maximum demand in kilowatts (kW). One kWh usage is equivalent to 1,000 watts running for one hour. One KW of electric demand is equivalent to 1,000 watts running at a particular moment. The basic usage charges are shown as generation service and delivery charges along with several non‐utility generation charges. The natural gas usage profile shows the predicted natural gas energy usage for the building. If actual gas usage records were available, the model used to predict usage was calibrated to approximately match actual usage. Natural gas is sold to the customer in units of 100 cubic feet (CCF), which contains approximately 100,000 BTUs of energy. The propane usage profile shows the propane usage for the building. Propane is sold by the gallon or by the pound, and its energy value is approximately 91,800 BTUs per gallon. Siemens Industry, Inc. Soldotna City Hall Energy Audit Report AkWarm ID No. CIRI‐SXQ‐CAEC‐07 Page 14 of 39 The fuel oil usage profile shows the fuel oil usage for the building. Fuel oil consumption is measured in gallons. One gallon of #1 Fuel Oil provides approximately 132,000 BTUs of energy. The following is a list of the utility companies providing energy to the building and the class of service provided: Electricity: Homer Electric Assn (Homer) ‐ Commercial ‐ Sm Natural Gas: Enstar Natural Gas ‐ Commercial ‐ Sm The average cost for each type of fuel used in this building is shown below in Table 3.1. This figure includes all surcharges, subsidies, and utility customer charges: Table 3.1 – Average Energy Cost Description Average Energy Cost Electricity $ 0.1383/kWh Natural Gas $ 0.73/ccf 3.2.1.1 Total Energy Use and Cost Breakdown At current rates, City of Soldotna pays approximately $25,661 annually for electricity and other fuel costs for the Soldotna City Hall. Figure 3.1 below reflects the estimated distribution of costs across the primary end uses of energy based on the AkWarm© computer simulation. Comparing the “Retrofit” bar in the figure to the “Existing” bar shows the potential savings from implementing all of the energy efficiency measures shown in this report. Figure 3.1 Annual Energy Costs by End Use Siemens Industry, Inc. Soldotna City Hall Energy Audit Report AkWarm ID No. CIRI‐SXQ‐CAEC‐07 Page 15 of 39 Figure 3.2 below shows how the annual energy cost of the building splits between the different fuels used by the building. The “Existing” bar shows the breakdown for the building as it is now; the “Retrofit” bar shows the predicted costs if all of the energy efficiency measures in this report are implemented. Figure 3.2 Annual Energy Costs by Fuel Type Figure 3.3 below addresses only Space Heating costs. The figure shows how each heat loss component contributes to those costs; for example, the figure shows how much annual space heating cost is caused by the heat loss through the Walls/Doors. For each component, the space heating cost for the Existing building is shown (blue bar) and the space heating cost assuming all retrofits are implemented (yellow bar) are shown. Figure 3.3 Annual Space Heating Cost by Component Siemens Industry, Inc. Soldotna City Hall Energy Audit Report AkWarm ID No. CIRI‐SXQ‐CAEC‐07 Page 16 of 39 The tables below show AkWarm’s estimate of the monthly fuel use for each of the fuels used in the building. For each fuel, the fuel use is broken down across the energy end uses. Note, in the tables below “DHW” refers to Domestic Hot Water heating. Electrical Consumption (kWh) Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Lighting 7174 8807 9664 9352 7538 7295 7538 7538 9352 6293 9352 7174 Other_Electrical 639 746 818 792 818 792 818 818 792 575 792 639 Ventilation_Fans 610 556 610 591 610 591 610 610 591 610 591 610 DHW 298 271 298 288 298 288 298 298 288 298 288 298 Space_Heating 1250 2728 2993 2897 2993 2897 2993 2993 2897 1250 2897 1250 Space_Cooling 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Natural Gas Consumption (ccf) Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec DHW 33 30 33 32 33 32 33 33 32 33 32 33 Space_Heating 1022 1133 1050 660 410 162 61 89 286 574 1065 1019 Siemens Industry, Inc. Soldotna City Hall Energy Audit Report AkWarm ID No. CIRI‐SXQ‐CAEC‐07 Page 17 of 39 3.2.2 Energy Use Index (EUI) Energy Use Index (EUI) is a measure of a building’s annual energy utilization per square foot of building. This calculation is completed by converting all utility usage consumed by a building for one year, to British Thermal Units (Btu) or kBtu, and dividing this number by the building square footage. EUI is a good measure of a building’s energy use and is utilized regularly for comparison of energy performance for similar building types. The Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) Buildings Technology Center under a contract with the U.S. Department of Energy maintains a Benchmarking Building Energy Performance Program. The ORNL website determines how a building’s energy use compares with similar facilities throughout the U.S. and in a specific region or state. Source use differs from site usage when comparing a building’s energy consumption with the national average. Site energy use is the energy consumed by the building at the building site only. Source energy use includes the site energy use as well as all of the losses to create and distribute the energy to the building. Source energy represents the total amount of raw fuel that is required to operate the building. It incorporates all transmission, delivery, and production losses, which allows for a complete assessment of energy efficiency in a building. The type of utility purchased has a substantial impact on the source energy use of a building. The EPA has determined that source energy is the most comparable unit for evaluation purposes and overall global impact. Both the site and source EUI ratings for the building are provided to understand and compare the differences in energy use. The site and source EUIs for this building are calculated as follows. (See Table 3.4 for details): Building Site EUI = (Electric Usage in kBtu + Gas Usage in kBtu + similar for other fuels) Building Square Footage Building Source EUI = (Electric Usage in kBtu X SS Ratio + Gas Usage in kBtu X SS Ratio + similar for other fuels) Building Square Footage where “SS Ratio” is the Source Energy to Site Energy ratio for the particular fuel. Table 3.4 Soldotna City Hall EUI Calculations Energy Type Building Fuel Use per Year Site Energy Use per Year, kBTU Source/Site Ratio Source Energy Use per Year, kBTU Electricity 146,854 kWh 501,211 3.340 1,674,046 Natural Gas 7,922 ccf 792,208 1.047 829,442 Total 1,293,419 2,503,487 BUILDING AREA 11,676 Square Feet BUILDING SITE EUI 111 kBTU/Ft²/Yr BUILDING SOURCE EUI 214 kBTU/Ft²/Yr * Site ‐ Source Ratio data is provided by the Energy Star Performance Rating Methodology for Incorporating Source Energy Use document issued March 2011. Siemens Industry, Inc. Soldotna City Hall Energy Audit Report AkWarm ID No. CIRI‐SXQ‐CAEC‐07 Page 18 of 39 3.3 AkWarm© Building Simulation An accurate model of the building performance can be created by simulating the thermal performance of the walls, roof, windows and floors of the building. The HVAC system and central plant are modeled as well, accounting for the outside air ventilation required by the building and the heat recovery equipment in place. The model uses local weather data and is trued up to historical energy use to ensure its accuracy. The model can be used now and in the future to measure the utility bill impact of all types of energy projects, including improving building insulation, modifying glazing, changing air handler schedules, increasing heat recovery, installing high efficiency boilers, using variable air volume air handlers, adjusting outside air ventilation and adding cogeneration systems. For the purposes of this study, the Soldotna City Hall was modeled using AkWarm© energy use software to establish a baseline space heating and cooling energy usage. Climate data from Soldotna was used for analysis. From this, the model was be calibrated to predict the impact of theoretical energy savings measures. Once annual energy savings from a particular measure were predicted and the initial capital cost was estimated, payback scenarios were approximated. Equipment cost estimate calculations are provided in Appendix D. Limitations of AkWarm© Models • The model is based on typical mean year weather data for Soldotna. This data represents the average ambient weather profile as observed over approximately 30 years. As such, the gas and electric profiles generated will not likely compare perfectly with actual energy billing information from any single year. This is especially true for years with extreme warm or cold periods, or even years with unexpectedly moderate weather. Siemens Industry, Inc. Soldotna City Hall Energy Audit Report AkWarm ID No. CIRI‐SXQ‐CAEC‐07 Page 19 of 39 Figure 3.4 Difference in Weather Data Soldotna, AK Weather Data -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 12/3/2009 1/22/2010 3/13/2010 5/2/2010 6/21/2010 8/10/2010 9/29/2010 11/18/2010 1/7/2011 2/26/2011 DateDry Bulb Temperature (F)Actual Dry Bulb (F)TMY3 Dry Bulb (F) • The heating and cooling load model is a simple two‐zone model consisting of the building’s core interior spaces and the building’s perimeter spaces. This simplified approach loses accuracy for buildings that have large variations in cooling/heating loads across different parts of the building. • The model does not model HVAC systems that simultaneously provide both heating and cooling to the same building space (typically done as a means of providing temperature control in the space). The energy balances shown in Section 3.1 were derived from the output generated by the AkWarm© simulations. Siemens Industry, Inc. Soldotna City Hall Energy Audit Report AkWarm ID No. CIRI‐SXQ‐CAEC‐07 Page 20 of 39 4. ENERGY COST SAVING MEASURES 4.1 Summary of Results The energy saving measures are summarized in Table 4.1. Please refer to the individual measure descriptions later in this report for more detail. Calculations and cost estimates for analyzed measures are provided in Appendix C. Table 4.1 Soldotna City Hall, Soldotna, Alaska PRIORITY LIST – ENERGY EFFICIENCY MEASURES Rank Feature Improvement Description Annual Energy Savings Installed Cost Savings to Investment Ratio, SIR Simple Payback (Years) 1 Lighting Replace with 4 FLUOR CFL, Reflector 23W R25 $218 $263 10.05 1.2 2 Lighting Replace with 5 FLUOR CFL, Spiral 42 W $551 $723 9.23 1.3 3 Lighting Replace with 15 FLUOR CFL, Reflector 23W R25 $257 $988 3.16 3.8 4 Lighting Replace with 4 FLUOR CFL, Plug-in 18W Quad Tube StdElectronic $112 $289 2.46 2.6 5 Lighting Replace with 8 120W Induction $859 $14,201 1.16 16.5 TOTAL, cost-effective measures $1,996 $16,463 1.80 8.2 The following measures were not found to be cost-effective: 6 Lighting Replace with 2 FLUOR (2) T8 4' F32T8 32W Standard Instant StdElectronic $32 $496 0.77 15.7 7 Lighting Replace with 4 FLUOR (2) T8 4' F32T8 32W Standard Instant StdElectronic $63 $994 0.77 15.7 8 Lighting Replace with 3 FLUOR (2) T8 4' F32T8 32W Standard Instant StdElectronic $47 $747 0.77 15.8 9 Lighting Replace with 8 FLUOR (4) T8 4' F32T8 32W Standard (2) Instant StdElectronic $87 $2,563 0.41 29.6 10 Lighting Replace with 11 40W Induction $287 $14,401 0.38 50.1 11 Lighting Replace with 21 FLUOR (4) T8 4' F32T8 32W Standard (2) Instant StdElectronic $212 $6,726 0.38 31.8 12 HVAC And DHW Boiler replacement HW Reset $3,271 $149,090 0.34 45.6 13 Lighting Replace with 51 FLUOR (4) T8 4' F32T8 32W Standard Instant StdElectronic $418 $16,333 0.31 39.0 14 Lighting Replace with 4 FLUOR (2) T8 4' F32T8 32W Standard Instant StdElectronic $15 $987 0.18 66.7 Siemens Industry, Inc. Soldotna City Hall Energy Audit Report AkWarm ID No. CIRI‐SXQ‐CAEC‐07 Page 21 of 39 Table 4.1 Soldotna City Hall, Soldotna, Alaska PRIORITY LIST – ENERGY EFFICIENCY MEASURES Rank Feature Improvement Description Annual Energy Savings Installed Cost Savings to Investment Ratio, SIR Simple Payback (Years) 15 Setback Thermostat: City Hall Implement a Heating Temperature Unoccupied Setback to 62.0 deg F for the City Hall space. $334 $56,523 0.08 169.2 16 Lighting Replace with 11 FLUOR (2) T8 4' F32T8 32W Standard Instant StdElectronic $0 $2,734 0.00 999.9 TOTAL, all measures $6,763 $268,058 0.38 39.6 4.2 Interactive Effects of Projects The savings for a particular measure are calculated assuming all recommended EEMs coming before that measure in the list are implemented. If some EEMs are not implemented, savings for the remaining EEMs will be affected. For example, if ceiling insulation is not added, then savings from a project to replace the heating system will be increased, because the heating system for the building supplies a larger load. In general, all projects are evaluated sequentially so energy savings associated with one EEM would not also be attributed to another EEM. By modeling the recommended project sequentially, the analysis accounts for interactive affects among the EEMs and does not “double count” savings. Interior lighting, plug loads, facility equipment, and occupants generate heat within the building. When the building is in cooling mode, these items contribute to the overall cooling demands of the building; therefore, lighting efficiency improvements will reduce cooling requirements in air‐conditioned buildings. Conversely, lighting‐efficiency improvements are anticipated to slightly increase heating requirements. Heating penalties and cooling benefits were included in the lighting project analysis. Siemens Industry, Inc. Soldotna City Hall Energy Audit Report AkWarm ID No. CIRI‐SXQ‐CAEC‐07 Page 22 of 39 4.3 Building Shell Measures No building shell improvements are recommended at this time. Primarily Envelope Measures such as windows, doors, weather stripping, and insulation are only considered cost effective if there is a visible deficiency which is noted during the audit. However it is recommended that any time the facility replaces doors or windows that it uses a replacement with a high efficiency rating. Also when renovating or constructing additions to the facility a energy cost analysis should be taken when determining if a material with a greater R‐value should be used instead of that of the code requirements. Siemens Industry, Inc. Soldotna City Hall Energy Audit Report AkWarm ID No. CIRI‐SXQ‐CAEC‐07 Page 23 of 39 4.4 Mechanical Equipment Measures 4.4.1 Heating/Cooling/Domestic Hot Water Measure Observations – Existing Boiler Operations During low load times (warm winter weather) the boiler cycles on and off often to maintain water supply temperature setpoints. Recommendations Siemens recommends applying hot water reset technology to mitigate energy consumption. The water temperature required to heat a building varies with outdoor temperature. In very cold weather, the heating water temperature needs to be hot. As the outdoor temperature increases, the heating water temperature can be reduced. Most building operators do not manually adjust their temperature controls to maximize system efficiency. Resetting hot water supply temperature to match the anticipated heating load can result in considerable energy savings, increased boiler efficiency, and greater occupant comfort 4.4.2 Ventilation System Measures (There were no improvements in this category) 4.4.3 Night Setback Thermostat Measures Observations – Existing Boiler Operations Currently, daytime building temperature set points are maintained during the nighttime. This means the building is being heated to comfortable temperature even during unoccupied periods. Recommendations Siemens recommends applying a night setback control strategy. The control system would be programmed to set the building temperature to 62 deg F during unoccupied periods such as nights and weekend. This control strategy would save considerable heating energy as the boilers would not have to run as often during these unoccupied periods. Rank Recommendation 12 Boiler replacement HW Reset Installation Cost $149,090 Estimated Life of Measure (yrs)20 Energy Savings (/yr) $3,271 Breakeven Cost $51,136 Savings‐to‐Investment Ratio 0.3 Simple Payback yrs 46 Auditors Notes: Rank Building Space Recommendation 15 City Hall Implement a Heating Temperature Unoccupied Setback to 62.0 deg F for the City Hall space. Installation Cost $56,523 Estimated Life of Measure (yrs)15 Energy Savings (/yr) $334 Breakeven Cost $4,252 Savings‐to‐Investment Ratio 0.1 Simple Payback yrs 169 Auditors Notes: Siemens Industry, Inc. Soldotna City Hall Energy Audit Report AkWarm ID No. CIRI‐SXQ‐CAEC‐07 Page 24 of 39 Siemens also recommends replacing the pneumatic controls on AHU‐2 with a DDC system in order to better control heating. Siemens Industry, Inc. Soldotna City Hall Energy Audit Report AkWarm ID No. CIRI‐SXQ‐CAEC‐07 Page 25 of 39 4.5 Electrical & Appliance Measures 4.5.1 Lighting Measures The goal of this section is to present any lighting energy conservation measures that may also be cost beneficial. It should be noted that replacing current bulbs with more energy‐efficient equivalents will have a small effect on the building heating and cooling loads. The building cooling load will see a small decrease from an upgrade to more efficient bulbs and the heating load will see a small increase, as the more energy efficient bulbs give off less heat. Observations Most areas of the Soldotna City Hall have inefficient 34W T12 lamps with magnetic ballasts. Exterior building and parking lot lighting consists of metals halide fixtures of varying wattages. Recommendations Replace lower efficiency fluorescent lamps and magnetic ballasts with second generation T‐8 fluorescent lamps and electronic ballasts. T‐12 and T‐8 lamps fit into the same size sockets, so some of the existing fixtures can be easily retrofitted with the latest lamp and ballast technologies. In areas with old and inefficient fixtures, replace the fixture with a new, efficient and aesthetically pleasing fixture. Electronic ballasts use less energy and reduce flicker, glare, noise, and heat output. Older T12 magnetic ballasts may also contain PCB’s that cannot be disposed of in ordinary waste streams. The proper disposal of these PCB ballast is a maintenance cost that is eliminated when fixtures are retrofitted with new electronic ballast. It is also recommended that the existing exterior metal halide fixtures be replaced with more energy efficient and longer lasting induction lighting fixtures. 4.5.1a Lighting Measures – Replace Existing Fixtures/Bulbs Rank Location Existing Condition Recommendation 16 11 FLUOR (2) T12 4' F40T12 34W Energy‐Saver Magnetic with Manual Switching Replace with 11 FLUOR (2) T8 4' F32T8 32W Standard Instant StdElectronic Installation Cost $2,734 Estimated Life of Measure (yrs)15 Energy Savings (/yr) $ Breakeven Cost $ Savings‐to‐Investment Ratio 0.0 Simple Payback yrs 1000 Auditors Notes: 103.17/fix Siemens Industry, Inc. Soldotna City Hall Energy Audit Report AkWarm ID No. CIRI‐SXQ‐CAEC‐07 Page 26 of 39 Rank Location Existing Condition Recommendation 14 4 FLUOR (2) T12 4' F40T12 34W Energy‐Saver EfficMagnetic with Manual Switching Replace with 4 FLUOR (2) T8 4' F32T8 32W Standard Instant StdElectronic Installation Cost $987 Estimated Life of Measure (yrs)15 Energy Savings (/yr) $15 Breakeven Cost $180 Savings‐to‐Investment Ratio 0.2 Simple Payback yrs 67 Auditors Notes: 103.17/fix Rank Location Existing Condition Recommendation 13 51 FLUOR (4) T12 4' F40T12 34W Energy‐Saver Magnetic with Manual Switching Replace with 51 FLUOR (4) T8 4' F32T8 32W Standard Instant StdElectronic Installation Cost $16,333 Estimated Life of Measure (yrs)15 Energy Savings (/yr) $418 Breakeven Cost $5,088 Savings‐to‐Investment Ratio 0.3 Simple Payback yrs 39 Auditors Notes: 132.94/fix Rank Location Existing Condition Recommendation 11 21 FLUOR (4) T12 4' F40T12 34W Energy‐Saver (2) Magnetic with Manual Switching Replace with 21 FLUOR (4) T8 4' F32T8 32W Standard (2) Instant StdElectronic Installation Cost $6,726 Estimated Life of Measure (yrs)15 Energy Savings (/yr) $212 Breakeven Cost $2,566 Savings‐to‐Investment Ratio 0.4 Simple Payback yrs 32 Auditors Notes: 132.94/fix Rank Location Existing Condition Recommendation 10 11 MH 70 Watt StdElectronic with Manual Switching Replace with 11 40W Induction Installation Cost $14,401 Estimated Life of Measure (yrs)27 Energy Savings (/yr) $287 Breakeven Cost $5,528 Savings‐to‐Investment Ratio 0.4 Simple Payback yrs 50 Auditors Notes: 543.43/fix Rank Location Existing Condition Recommendation 9 8 FLUOR (4) T12 4' F40T12 34W Energy‐Saver (2) Magnetic with Manual Switching Replace with 8 FLUOR (4) T8 4' F32T8 32W Standard (2) Instant StdElectronic Installation Cost $2,563 Estimated Life of Measure (yrs)15 Energy Savings (/yr) $87 Breakeven Cost $1,050 Savings‐to‐Investment Ratio 0.4 Simple Payback yrs 30 Auditors Notes: 132.94/fix Siemens Industry, Inc. Soldotna City Hall Energy Audit Report AkWarm ID No. CIRI‐SXQ‐CAEC‐07 Page 27 of 39 Rank Location Existing Condition Recommendation 8 3 FLUOR T12 8' F96T12/HO 110W Standard Magnetic with Manual Switching Replace with 3 FLUOR (2) T8 4' F32T8 32W Standard Instant StdElectronic Installation Cost $747 Estimated Life of Measure (yrs)15 Energy Savings (/yr) $47 Breakeven Cost $575 Savings‐to‐Investment Ratio 0.8 Simple Payback yrs 16 Auditors Notes: 103.17/fix Rank Location Existing Condition Recommendation 7 4 FLUOR (2) T12 4' F40T12 34W Energy‐Saver Magnetic with Manual Switching Replace with 4 FLUOR (2) T8 4' F32T8 32W Standard Instant StdElectronic Installation Cost $994 Estimated Life of Measure (yrs)15 Energy Savings (/yr) $63 Breakeven Cost $766 Savings‐to‐Investment Ratio 0.8 Simple Payback yrs 16 Auditors Notes: 103.17/fix Rank Location Existing Condition Recommendation 6 2 FLUOR (2) T12 4' F40T12 34W Energy‐Saver Magnetic with Manual Switching Replace with 2 FLUOR (2) T8 4' F32T8 32W Standard Instant StdElectronic Installation Cost $496 Estimated Life of Measure (yrs)15 Energy Savings (/yr) $32 Breakeven Cost $383 Savings‐to‐Investment Ratio 0.8 Simple Payback yrs 16 Auditors Notes: 103.17/fix Rank Location Existing Condition Recommendation 5 8 MH 250 Watt StdElectronic with Manual Switching Replace with 8 120W Induction Installation Cost $14,201 Estimated Life of Measure (yrs)27 Energy Savings (/yr) $859 Breakeven Cost $16,519 Savings‐to‐Investment Ratio 1.2 Simple Payback yrs 17 Auditors Notes: 736.84/fix Rank Location Existing Condition Recommendation 4 4 INCAN A Lamp, Std 60W with Manual Switching Replace with 4 FLUOR CFL, Plug‐in 18W Quad Tube StdElectronic Installation Cost $289 Estimated Life of Measure (yrs)7 Energy Savings (/yr) $112 Breakeven Cost $710 Savings‐to‐Investment Ratio 2.5 Simple Payback yrs 3 Auditors Notes: ~30/fix Siemens Industry, Inc. Soldotna City Hall Energy Audit Report AkWarm ID No. CIRI‐SXQ‐CAEC‐07 Page 28 of 39 4.5.1b Lighting Measures – Lighting Controls (There were no improvements in this category) 4.5.2 Refrigeration Measures (There were no improvements in this category) 4.5.3 Other Electrical Measures (There were no improvements in this category) 4.5.4 Cooking Measures (There were no improvements in this category) 4.5.5 Clothes Drying Measures (There were no improvements in this category) Rank Location Existing Condition Recommendation 3 15 INCAN A Lamp, Std 100W with Manual Switching Replace with 15 FLUOR CFL, Reflector 23W R25 Installation Cost $988 Estimated Life of Measure (yrs)15 Energy Savings (/yr) $257 Breakeven Cost $3,119 Savings‐to‐Investment Ratio 3.2 Simple Payback yrs 4 Auditors Notes: 27.30/fix Rank Location Existing Condition Recommendation 2 5 MH 150 Watt StdElectronic Replace with 5 FLUOR CFL, Spiral 42 W Installation Cost $723 Estimated Life of Measure (yrs)15 Energy Savings (/yr) $551 Breakeven Cost $6,669 Savings‐to‐Investment Ratio 9.2 Simple Payback yrs 1 Auditors Notes: ~60/fix Rank Location Existing Condition Recommendation 1 4 INCAN A Lamp, Std 100W with Manual Switching Replace with 4 FLUOR CFL, Reflector 23W R25 Installation Cost $263 Estimated Life of Measure (yrs)15 Energy Savings (/yr) $218 Breakeven Cost $2,639 Savings‐to‐Investment Ratio 10.1 Simple Payback yrs 1 Auditors Notes: 27.30/fix Siemens Industry, Inc. Soldotna City Hall Energy Audit Report AkWarm ID No. CIRI‐SXQ‐CAEC‐07 Page 29 of 39 Appendix A – Major Equipment List Boilers Make Model MBH in MBH out B-1 Weil-McLain LGB06 650 457.4 B-2 Weil-McLain LGB06 650 457.4 AHUs CFM HP % Eff AHU-1 12,000 3 82% AHU-2 3,300 2 78% Pumps HP GPM Head (ft) CP-1 1.5 42.5 40 CP-2 1.5 42.5 40 CP-3 0.5 19 33 HWP-1 0.05 1 9 DHW Heaters Make Model Gallons Fuel DHW Heater-1 State CV 30 NRT4 H 30 Natural Gas Unit Heaters Quantity CFM HP Length GPM UH-1 1 1,760 0.17 6 4.1 UH-2 1 543 0.05 14 15 UH-3 1 1,214 0.125 3 1.5 UH-4 1 280 0.04 3 0.4 Cabinet Unit Heaters Quantity CFM HP Length GPM CUH-1 1 300 0.033 21.9 1.3 CUH-2 1 300 0.033 21.9 1.3 CUH-3 1 12 0.7 Base Boards Quantity btu/LF Length GPM BB-1 12 1,260 126 19.2 BB-2 5 1,910 41.5 13.6 BB-3 2 1,040 12 2.4 Exhaust Fans CFM HP EF-1 466 0.25 est hp EF-2 220 0.1 est hp Siemens Industry, Inc. Soldotna City Hall Energy Audit Report AkWarm ID No. CIRI‐SXQ‐CAEC‐07 Page 30 of 39 Appendix B – Lighting Inventory 100W Incandescent 150 W MH 1x4x1 T12 1x4x2 T12 (34W) 1x4x2 T8 23W CFL 250 W MH 2x4x2 T12 (34W) 2x4x4 T12 (34W) 2x4x4 T8 60 W Incandescent 70W MH Grand Total Assembly 11 4 11 26 Exterior 8 11 19 Hallways 5 3 8 15 31 Meeting Rooms 4 8 3 15 Offices 6 2 49 29 86 Restrooms 4 4 4 2 4 18 Storage 1 11 8 20 Grand Total 25 5 4 19 8 4 8 2 78 47 4 11 215 Siemens Industry, Inc. Soldotna City Hall Energy Audit Report AkWarm ID No. CIRI‐SXQ‐CAEC‐07 Page 31 of 39 Appendix C – IR Pictures / Heat Loss Signature Poor insulation around main entrance and windows. Siemens Industry, Inc. Soldotna City Hall Energy Audit Report AkWarm ID No. CIRI‐SXQ‐CAEC‐07 Page 32 of 39 Side door is poorly insulated. Siemens Industry, Inc. Soldotna City Hall Energy Audit Report AkWarm ID No. CIRI‐SXQ‐CAEC‐07 Page 33 of 39 Appendix D – REAL Utility Data First Name Last Name Middle Name Phone Kyle Kornelis 262‐9107 State Zip AK 99669 Monday‐ Friday Saturday Sunday Holidays 8:00 ‐ 5:00 Average # of Occupants During 13 Renovations Date PART II – ENERGY SOURCES Heating Oil Electricity Natural Gas Propane Wood Coal $ /gallon $ / kWh $ / CCF $ / gal $ / cord $ / ton xx Other energy sources? City of Soldotna Municipal 03/09/11 REAL Preliminary Benchmark Data Form PART I – FACILITY INFORMATION Facility Owner Facility Owned By Date Building Name/ Identifier Building Usage Building Square Footage Soldotna City Hall Office 11,676 Building Type Community Population Year Built Mixed 4,021 1986 Facility Address Facility City Facility Zip 177 N Birch Soldotna 99669 Contact Person Email kkornelis@ci.soldotna.ak.us Mailing Address City 1. Please check every energy source you use in the table below. If known, please enter the base rate you pay for the energy source. 2. Provide utilities bills for the most recent two‐year period for each energy source you use. Soldotna Details 177 N. Birch Primary Operating Hours Siemens Industry, Inc. Soldotna City Hall Energy Audit Report AkWarm ID No. CIRI‐SXQ‐CAEC‐07 Page 34 of 39 Soldotna City Hall Buiding Size Input (sf) =11,676 2009 Natural Gas Consumption (Therms)7,460.00 2009 Natural Gas Cost ($)7,852 2009 Electric Consumption (kWh)143,600 2009 Electric Cost ($)25,979 2009 Oil Consumption (Therms) 2009 Oil Cost ($) 2009 Propane Consumption (Therms) 2009 Propane Cost ($) 2009 Coal Consumption (Therms) 2009 Coal Cost ($) 2009 Wood Consumption (Therms) 2009 Wood Cost ($) 2009 Thermal Consumption (Therms) 2009 Thermal Cost ($) 2009 Steam Consumption (Therms) 2009 Steam Cost ($) 2009 Total Energy Use (kBtu)1,236,107 2009 Total Energy Cost ($)33,831 Annual Energy Use Intensity (EUI) 2009 Natural Gas (kBtu/sf) 63.9 2009 Electricity (kBtu/sf)42.0 2009 Oil (kBtu/sf) 2009 Propane (kBtu/sf) 2009 Coal (kBtu/sf) 2009 Wood (kBtu/sf) 2009 Thermal (kBtu/sf) 2009 Steam (kBtu/sf) 2009 Energy Utilization Index (kBtu/sf)105.9 Annual Energy Cost Index (ECI) 2009 Natural Gas Cost Index ($/sf)0.67 2009 Electric Cost Index ($/sf)2.23 2009 Oil Cost Index ($/sf) 2009 Propane Cost Index ($/sf) 2009 Coal Cost Index ($/sf) 2009 Wood Cost Index ($/sf) 2009 Thermal Cost Index ($/sf) 2009 Steam Cost Index ($/sf) 2009 Energy Cost Index ($/sf)2.90 Siemens Industry, Inc. Soldotna City Hall Energy Audit Report AkWarm ID No. CIRI‐SXQ‐CAEC‐07 Page 35 of 39 2010 Natural Gas Consumption (Therms)7,418.00 2010 Natural Gas Cost ($)7,513 2010 Electric Consumption (kWh)147,400 2010 Electric Cost ($)24,309 2010 Oil Consumption (Therms) 2010 Oil Cost ($) 2010 Propane Consumption (Therms) 2010 Propane Cost ($) 2010 Coal Consumption (Therms) 2010 Coal Cost ($) 2010 Wood Consumption (Therms) 2010 Wood Cost ($) 2010 Thermal Consumption (Therms) 2010 Thermal Cost ($) 2010 Steam Consumption (Therms) 2010 Steam Cost ($) 2010 Total Energy Use (kBtu)1,244,876 2010 Total Energy Cost ($)31,822 Annual Energy Use Intensity (EUI) 2010 Natural Gas (kBtu/sf)63.5 2010 Electricity (kBtu/sf)43.1 2010 Oil (kBtu/sf) 2010 Propane (kBtu/sf) 2010 Coal (kBtu/sf) 2010 Wood (kBtu/sf) 2010 Thermal (kBtu/sf) 2010 Steam (kBtu/sf) 2010 Energy Utilization Index (kBtu/sf)106.6 Annual Energy Cost Index (ECI) 2010 Natural Gas Cost Index ($/sf)0.64 2010 Electric Cost Index ($/sf)2.08 2010 Oil Cost Index ($/sf) 2010 Propane Cost Index ($/sf) 2010 Coal Cost Index ($/sf) 2010 Wood Cost Index ($/sf) 2010 Thermal Cost Index ($/sf) 2010 Steam Cost Index ($/sf) 20010 Energy Cost Index ($/sf)2.73 Note: 1 kWh = 3,413 Btu's 1 Therm = 100,000 Btu's 1 CF ≈ 1,000 Btu's Siemens Industry, Inc. Soldotna City Hall Energy Audit Report AkWarm ID No. CIRI‐SXQ‐CAEC‐07 Page 36 of 39 Soldotna City HallNatural GasBtus/CCF =100,000Provider Customer #Month Start Date End Date Billing Days Consumption (CCF) Consumption (Therms) Demand Use Natural Gas Cost ($) Unit Cost ($/Therm) Demand Cost ($)Enstar NGC5776 Dec‐08 12/16/2008 1/14/2009281,409 1,409 $1,467 $1.04Enstar NGC5776 Jan‐09 1/14/2009 2/16/2009321,329 1,329 $1,384 $1.04Enstar NGC5776 Feb‐09 2/16/2009 3/18/2009321,067 1,067 $1,114 $1.04Enstar NGC5776 Mar‐09 3/18/2009 4/16/200928601 601 $632 $1.05Enstar NGC5776 Apr‐09 4/16/2009 5/19/200933388 388 $413 $1.06Enstar NGC5776 May‐09 5/19/2009 6/12/200923260 260 $280 $1.08Enstar NGC5776 Jun‐09 6/12/2009 7/15/200933171 171 $193 $1.13Enstar NGC5776 Jul‐09 7/15/2009 8/12/200927156 156 $173 $1.11Enstar NGC5776 Aug‐09 8/12/2009 9/14/200932175 175 $193 $1.10Enstar NGC5776 Sep‐09 9/14/2009 10/15/200931280 280 $301 $1.08Enstar NGC5776 Oct‐09 10/15/2009 11/17/200931723 723 $759 $1.05Enstar NGC5776 Nov‐09 11/17/2009 12/16/200929901 901 $943 $1.05Enstar NGC5776 Dec‐09 12/16/2009 1/14/2010 28 972 972 $845 $0.87Enstar NGC5776 Jan‐10 1/14/2010 2/16/2010 32 1,116 1,116 $969 $0.87Enstar NGC5776 Feb‐10 2/16/2010 3/17/2010 31 802 802 $700 $0.87Enstar NGC5776 Mar‐10 3/17/2010 4/14/2010 27 601 601 $534 $0.89Enstar NGC5776 Apr‐10 4/14/2010 5/19/2010 35 415 415 $372 $0.90Enstar NGC5776 May‐10 5/19/2010 6/15/2010 26 209 209 $194 $0.93Enstar NGC5776 Jun‐10 6/15/2010 7/20/2010 35 341 341 $308 $0.90Enstar NGC5776 Jul‐10 7/20/2010 8/19/2010 29 255 255 $314 $1.23Enstar NGC5776 Aug‐10 8/19/2010 9/15/2010 26 218 218 $284 $1.30Enstar NGC5776 Sep‐10 9/15/2010 10/21/2010 36 325 325 $370 $1.14Enstar NGC5776 Oct‐10 10/21/2010 11/18/2010 27 1,095 1,095 $824 $0.75Enstar NGC5776 Nov‐10 11/18/2010 12/15/2010 27 1,069 1,069 $1,799 $1.68Dec ‐ 08 to Nov ‐ 09 total:7,460 7,460 0$7,852 $0Dec ‐ 09 to Nov ‐ 10 total:7,418 7,418 0$7,513 $0$1.07$1.03Dec ‐ 08 to Nov ‐09 avg:Dec ‐ 09 to Nov ‐ 10 avg: Siemens Industry, Inc. Soldotna City Hall Energy Audit Report AkWarm ID No. CIRI‐SXQ‐CAEC‐07 Page 37 of 39 Soldotna City Hall ‐ Natural Gas Consumption (Therms) vs. Natural Gas Cost ($)05001000150020002500300035004000Jan‐09Feb‐09Mar‐09Apr‐09May‐09Jun‐09Jul‐09Aug‐09Sep‐09Oct‐09Nov‐09Dec‐09Jan‐10Feb‐10Mar‐10Apr‐10May‐10Jun‐10Jul‐10Aug‐10Sep‐10Oct‐10Nov‐10Dec‐10Date (Mon ‐ Yr)Natural Gas Consumption (Therms)05001000150020002500300035004000Natural Gas Cost ($)Natural Gas Consumption(Therms)Natural Gas Cost ($) Siemens Industry, Inc. Soldotna City Hall Energy Audit Report AkWarm ID No. CIRI‐SXQ‐CAEC‐07 Page 38 of 39 Soldotna City HallElectricityBtus/kWh =3,413Provider Customer #Month Start Date End Date Billing Days Consumption (kWh) Consumption (Therms) Demand Use Electric Cost ($) Unit Cost ($/kWh) Demand Cost ($)HEA 64882 Jan‐09 12/2/2008 1/5/2009 33 15,840 541 $3,330 $0.21HEA 64882 Feb‐09 1/5/2009 2/3/2009 28 13,120 448 $2,800 $0.21HEA 64882 Mar‐09 2/3/2009 3/3/2009 30 12,120 414 $2,591 $0.21HEA 64882 Apr‐09 3/3/2009 4/2/2009 29 11,560 395 $2,026 $0.18HEA 64882 May‐09 4/2/2009 4/30/2009 28 10,640 363 $1,886 $0.18HEA 64882 Jun‐09 4/30/2009 6/1/2009 31 11,600 396 $2,002 $0.17HEA 64882 Jul‐09 6/1/2009 7/2/2009 31 10,760 367 $1,914 $0.18HEA 64882 Aug‐09 7/2/2009 7/30/2009 28 9,400 321 $1,707 $0.18HEA 64882 Sep‐09 7/30/2009 9/1/2009 31 11,240 384 $1,995 $0.18HEA 64882 Oct‐09 8/31/2009 9/30/2009 30 10,560 360 $1,660 $0.16HEA 64882 Nov‐09 9/30/2009 11/2/2009 32 13,800 471 $2,095 $0.15HEA 64882 Dec‐09 11/2/2009 12/3/2009 31 12,960 442 $1,973 $0.15HEA 64882 Jan‐10 12/3/2009 1/4/2010 31 12,800 437 $1,728 $0.14HEA 64882 Feb‐10 1/4/2010 2/2/2010 28 12,120 414 $1,671 $0.14HEA 64882 Mar‐10 2/2/2010 3/2/2010 30 11,600 396 $1,593 $0.14HEA 64882 Apr‐10 3/2/2010 3/31/2010 29 11,800 403 $1,863 $0.16HEA 64882 May‐10 3/31/2010 5/4/2010 34 13,160 449 $2,019 $0.15HEA 64882 Jun‐10 5/4/2010 6/1/2010 27 10,400 355 $1,660 $0.16HEA 64882 Jul‐10 6/1/2010 7/2/2010 31 11,120 380 $1,779 $0.16HEA 64882 Aug‐10 7/2/2010 8/2/2010 30 11,040 377 $1,771 $0.16HEA 64882 Sep‐10 8/2/2010 9/1/2010 29 11,720 400 $1,880 $0.16HEA 64882 Oct‐10 9/1/2010 10/1/2010 30 12,840 438 $1,923 $0.15HEA 64882 Nov‐10 10/1/2010 11/2/2010 31 14,400 491 $2,141 $0.15HEA 64882 Dec‐10 11/2/2010 12/2/2010 30 14,400 491 $4,281 $0.30Jan ‐ 09 to Dec ‐ 09 total:143,600 4,901 0 $25,979 $0Jan ‐ 10 to Dec ‐ 10 total:147,400 5,031 0 $24,309 $0$0.18$0.16Jan ‐ 10 to Dec ‐ 10 avg:Jan ‐ 09 to Dec ‐ 09 avg: Siemens Industry, Inc. Soldotna City Hall Energy Audit Report AkWarm ID No. CIRI‐SXQ‐CAEC‐07 Page 39 of 39 Soldotna City Hall ‐ Electric Consumption (kWh) vs. Electric Cost ($)020004000600080001000012000Jan‐09Feb‐09Mar‐09Apr‐09May‐09Jun‐09Jul‐09Aug‐09Sep‐09Oct‐09Nov‐09Dec‐09Jan‐10Feb‐10Mar‐10Apr‐10May‐10Jun‐10Jul‐10Aug‐10Sep‐10Oct‐10Nov‐10Dec‐10Date (Mon ‐ Yr)Electric Consumption (kWh)050010001500200025003000Electric Cost ($)Electric Consumption (kWh)Electric Cost ($)