HomeMy WebLinkAboutHRR Tri-Valley School 2012-EEManaging Office
2400 College Road 3105 Lakeshore Dr. Suite 106A 4402 Thane Road
Fairbanks, Alaska 99709 Anchorage, Alaska 99517 Juneau, Alaska 99801
p. 907.452.5688 p. 907.222.2445 p: 907.586.6813
f. 907.452.5694 f. 907.222.0915 f: 907.586.6819
www.nortechengr.com
ENERGY AUDIT – FINAL REPORT
TRI-VALLEY SCHOOL
280 Suntrana
Healy, Alaska
Prepared for:
Mr. Justin Mason
PO Box 280
Healy, Alaska
Prepared by:
David C. Lanning PE, CEA
Steven Billa EIT, CEAIT
July 9, 2012
Acknowledgment: "This material is based upon work supported by the Department of
Energy under Award Number DE-EE0000095.”
ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING, HEALTH & SAFETY
Anch: 3105 Lakeshore Dr. Ste 106A, 99517 907.222.2445 Fax: 222.0915
Fairbanks: 2400 College Road, 99709 907.452.5688 Fax: 452.5694
Juneau: 4402 Thane Road, 99801 907.586.6813 Fax: 586.6819
info@nortechengr.com www.nortechengr.com
F:\00-Jobs\2011\2602 F - AHFC Grade Audits\50-300 Doyon Other Region\50-360 Denali Borough SD\50-364 Tri Valley School\Reports\Final\2012.07.09 Final
AHFC Report HRR Tri-Valley School.Docx
i
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................. 2
2.0 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................. 6
2.1 Building Use ......................................................................................................... 6
2.2 Building Occupancy and Schedules ..................................................................... 6
2.3 Building Description ............................................................................................. 6
3.0 BENCHMARKING 2010 UTILITY DATA ....................................................................... 11
3.05 Energy Balance ................................................................................................. 12
3.1 Total Energy Use and Cost of 2010 ................................................................... 13
3.2 Energy Utilization Index of 2010 ......................................................................... 14
3.3 Cost Utilization Index of 2010............................................................................. 15
3.4 Seasonal Energy Use Patterns .......................................................................... 16
3.5 Future Energy Monitoring ................................................................................... 17
4.0 MODELING ENERGY CONSUMPTION ........................................................................ 18
4.1 Understanding How AkWarm Models Energy Consumption ............................... 19
4.2 AkWarm Calculated Savings for the Tri-Valley School ....................................... 20
4.3 AkWarm Projected Energy Costs after Modifications ......................................... 21
4.4 Additional Modeling Methods ............................................................................. 22
5.0 BUILDING OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE (O & M) .............................................. 23
5.1 Operations and Maintenance ............................................................................. 23
5.2 Commissioning .................................................................................................. 23
5.3 Building Specific Recommendations .................................................................. 23
Energy Audit-Final Report
Tri-Valley School
Healy, Alaska
F:\00-Jobs\2011\2602 F - AHFC Grade Audits\50-300 Doyon Other Region\50-360 Denali Borough SD\50-364 Tri Valley School\Reports\Final\2012.07.09 Final
AHFC Report HRR Tri-Valley School.Docx
ii
APPENDICES
Appendix A Recommended Energy Efficiency Measures .......................................... 25
Appendix B Energy Efficiency Measures that are NOT Recommended ..................... 34
Appendix C Significant Equipment List ...................................................................... 36
Appendix D Local Utility Rate Structure ..................................................................... 38
Appendix E Analysis Methodology ............................................................................ 40
Appendix F Audit Limitations ..................................................................................... 41
Appendix G References ............................................................................................. 42
Appendix H Typical Energy Use and Cost – Fairbanks and Anchorage ..................... 43
Appendix I Typical Energy Use and Cost – Continental U.S. ................................... 44
Appendix J List of Conversion Factors and Energy Units .......................................... 45
Appendix K List of Acronyms, Abbreviations, and Definitions .................................... 46
Appendix L Building Floor Plan ................................................................................. 47
Appendix M Energy Balance for Denali Borough School District Buildings in Healy ... 48
Energy Audit-Final Report
Tri-Valley School
Healy, Alaska
F:\00-Jobs\2011\2602 F - AHFC Grade Audits\50-300 Doyon Other Region\50-360 Denali Borough SD\50-364 Tri Valley School\Reports\Final\2012.07.09 Final AHFC
Report HRR Tri-Valley School.Docx
2
1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
NORTECH has completed an ASHRAE Level II Energy Audit of the Tri-Valley School, a 61,431
square foot facility, with a 2,780 square foot Maintenance Shop and a 1,867 square foot Boiler
Building located East of the school. The audit began with benchmarking which resulted in a
calculation of the energy consumption per square foot. A site inspection was completed on
December 5, 2011 to obtain information about the lighting, heating, ventilation, cooling and
other building energy uses. The existing usage data and current systems were then used to
develop a building energy consumption model using AkWarm.
Once the model was calibrated, a number of Energy Efficiency Measures (EEMs) were
developed from review of the data and observations. EEMs were evaluated and ranked on the
basis of both energy savings and cost using a Savings/Investment Ratio (SIR). While these
modeling techniques were successful in verifying that many of the EEMs would save energy,
not all of the identified EEMs were considered cost effective based on the hardware, installation,
and energy costs at the time of this audit.
While the need for a major retrofit can typically be identified by an energy audit, upgrading
specific systems often requires collecting additional data and engineering and design efforts that
are beyond the scope of the Level II energy audit. The necessity and amount of design effort
and cost will vary depending on the scope of the specific EEMs planned and the sophistication
and capability of the entire design team, including the building owners and operators. During
the budgeting process for any major retrofit identified in this report, the building owner should
add administrative and supplemental design costs to cover the individual needs of their own
organization and the overall retrofit project.
The following table, from AkWarm, is a summary of the recommended EEMs for the Tri-Valley
School. Additional discussion of the modeling process can be found in Section 3. Details of
each individual EEM can be found in Appendix A of this report. A summary of EEMs that were
evaluated but are not currently recommended is located in Appendix B.
PRIORITY LIST – ENERGY EFFICIENCY MEASURES (EEMs)
Rank Feature/
Location Improvement Description
Estimated
Annual
Energy
Savings
Estimated
Installed
Cost
Savings to
Investment
Ratio, SIR
Simple
Payback
(Years)
1 Ventilation
Reduce Outside Air to
ASHRAE standards. Put
restroom exhaust fans on
occupant sensors along with
lights, Reduce locker room
exhaust with variable speed
motor and appropriate
humidistat controls while
complying with current building
standards of ventilation for
locker rooms.
$38,137 $15,000 34 0.4
Energy Audit-Final Report
Tri-Valley School
Healy, Alaska
F:\00-Jobs\2011\2602 F - AHFC Grade Audits\50-300 Doyon Other Region\50-360 Denali Borough SD\50-364 Tri Valley School\Reports\Final\2012.07.09 Final AHFC
Report HRR Tri-Valley School.Docx
3
PRIORITY LIST – ENERGY EFFICIENCY MEASURES (EEMs)
Rank Feature/
Location Improvement Description
Estimated
Annual
Energy
Savings
Estimated
Installed
Cost
Savings to
Investment
Ratio, SIR
Simple
Payback
(Years)
2
Setback
Thermostat:
School
Implement a Heating
Temperature Unoccupied
Setback to 62.0 deg F for the
School space.
$7,983 $5,000 21 0.6
3 Lighting: Boiler
Building
Replace with FLUOR CFL,
Spiral 15 W $16 $5 19 0.3
4 Lighting: 139 Replace with FLUOR CFL,
Spiral 15 W $15 $5 19 0.3
5
Setback
Thermostat:
Maintenance
Shop
Implement a Heating
Temperature Unoccupied
Setback to 62.0 deg F for the
Maintenance Shop space.
$396 $300 18 0.8
6 HVAC And DHW
Utilize coal boiler 100%, plumb
coal heat to elementary but
keep old boilers for standby,
consult a design engineer to
evaluate proper heating
distribution.
$90,734 $100,000 14 1.1
7
Other Electrical:
Head Bolt
Heaters
Add new Clock Timer or Other
Scheduling Control $1,173 $1,200 14 1.0
8
Lighting: Hallway
102 103, 115,
116A, 116B,
T145, H107, 163,
164
Replace with 151 FLUOR (2)
T8 4' F32T8 25W Energy-
Saver Instant StdElectronic
$1,026 $1,208 5.3 1.2
9
Lighting:
Maintenance
Shed
Replace with 9 FLUOR (2) T8
4' F32T8 25W Energy-Saver
Instant StdElectronic
$54 $72 4.6 1.3
10 Lighting: 160-
Gym Add new Occupancy Sensor $1,019 $3,000 4.0 2.9
11 Lighting: C141
Replace with 4 FLUOR (2) T8
4' F32T8 25W Energy-Saver
Instant StdElectronic
$16 $32 3.1 2.0
12 Lighting: C141
Replace with 12 FLUOR (4) T8
4' F32T8 25W Energy-Saver
(2) Instant StdElectronic
$96 $192 3.1 2.0
13 Lighting: 92, 93
Replace with 8 FLUOR (2) T8
4' F32T8 25W Energy-Saver
Instant StdElectronic
$32 $64 3.1 2.0
14 Lighting: 98, 99
Replace with 5 FLUOR T8 4'
F32T8 25W Energy-Saver
Instant StdElectronic
$9 $20 2.9 2.2
15
Lighting: Front
Offices, V104,
V105
Replace with 7 FLUOR (2) T8
4' F32T8 25W Energy-Saver
Instant StdElectronic
$26 $56 2.9 2.2
Energy Audit-Final Report
Tri-Valley School
Healy, Alaska
F:\00-Jobs\2011\2602 F - AHFC Grade Audits\50-300 Doyon Other Region\50-360 Denali Borough SD\50-364 Tri Valley School\Reports\Final\2012.07.09 Final AHFC
Report HRR Tri-Valley School.Docx
4
PRIORITY LIST – ENERGY EFFICIENCY MEASURES (EEMs)
Rank Feature/
Location Improvement Description
Estimated
Annual
Energy
Savings
Estimated
Installed
Cost
Savings to
Investment
Ratio, SIR
Simple
Payback
(Years)
16
Lighting: 102,
103, 104, 106,
108, 109, 110,
114, 120, 121,
122, 123, 124,
125, 127, 128,
130, 131, 132,
133, 134, V106,
144, 168A & B,
169 A & B
Replace with 219 FLUOR (2)
T8 4' F32T8 25W Energy-
Saver Instant StdElectronic
$811 $1,752 2.9 2.2
17
Lighting: 101,
117, 118, 119,
130, 131, 132,
133, 134, V106,
Commons
Replace with 76 FLUOR (4) T8
4' F32T8 25W Energy-Saver
(2) Instant StdElectronic
$563 $1,216 2.9 2.2
18
Lighting: 95, 96,
97, 98, 99, 112,
113, 123, H100,
V100, 137A,
137B, 135, 136,
129, 139, 140,
Commons, H106,
H108, 161, 165
Replace with 109 FLUOR (3)
T8 4' F32T8 25W Energy-
Saver Instant StdElectronic
$606 $1,308 2.9 2.2
19 Lighting: 142
Replace with 8 FLUOR (4) T8
4' F32T8 25W Energy-Saver
Instant StdElectronic
$59 $128 2.9 2.2
20 Lighting: 95, 96,
97
Replace with 3 FLUOR (10) T8
4' F32T8 25W Energy-Saver
(5) Instant StdElectronic
$56 $120 2.9 2.2
21
Lighting: Boiler
Building Outdoor
Lights
Replace with 6 LED 50W
Module StdElectronic $732 $4,920 2.2 6.7
22 Lighting: Exterior
Recessed
Replace with 8 LED 27W
Module StdElectronic $514 $3,652 2.1 7.1
23 Lighting: Boiler
Building
Replace with 5 FLUOR (4) T8
4' F32T8 25W Energy-Saver
Instant StdElectronic
$307 $1,000 1.9 3.3
24 Lighting: Exterior
Parking/Sidewalk
Replace with 10 LED 50W
Module StdElectronic $885 $8,200 1.6 9.3
25 Lighting: Exterior
Wall Pack
Replace with 14 LED 50W
Module StdElectronic $1,239 $11,480 1.6 9.3
26 Lighting: 148,
149, 150
Replace with 26 FLUOR (4) T8
4' F32T8 25W Energy-Saver
Instant StdElectronic
$1,024 $5,200 1.2 5.1
TOTAL, cost-effective measures $147,527 $165,130 13 1.1
Energy Audit-Final Report
Tri-Valley School
Healy, Alaska
F:\00-Jobs\2011\2602 F - AHFC Grade Audits\50-300 Doyon Other Region\50-360 Denali Borough SD\50-364 Tri Valley School\Reports\Final\2012.07.09 Final AHFC
Report HRR Tri-Valley School.Docx
5
As oil prices continue to rise, Tri-Valley should take advantage of the savings associated with
completely utilizing coal heat. Retrofits in this report reflect the impact of full utilization of the
coal boiler.
The primary cost savings is repair and maintenance of the coal boiler at maximum use and
efficiency. This alone has the potential to save about $90,000/yr.
Modeled Building Energy Cost Breakdown
These charts are a graphical representation of the modeled energy usage for the District Office.
The savings associated with completely utilizing coal heat is reflected in Envelope Air Losses,
Ceiling, Window, Wall/Door, and Floor.
The chart breaks down energy usage by cost into the following categories:
• Envelope Air Losses—the cost to provide heated fresh air to occupants, air leakage, heat lost in
air through the chimneys and exhaust fans, heat lost to wind and other similar losses.
• Envelope
o Ceiling—quantified heat loss transferred through the ceiling portion of the envelope.
o Window—quantified heat loss through the window portion of the envelope.
o Wall/Door—quantified heat loss through the wall and door portions of the envelope.
o Floor—quantified heat loss through the floor portion of the envelope.
• Water Heating—energy cost to provide domestic hot water.
• Fans—energy cost to run ventilation, and exhaust fans.
• Lighting—energy cost to light the building.
• Refrigeration—energy costs to provide refrigerated goods for the occupants.
• Other Electrical—includes energy costs not listed above including cooking loads, laundry loads,
other plug loads and electronics.
Detailed improvements for ventilation, air leakage, lighting and other cost effective measures
can be found in Appendix A.
Envelope Air
Losses
$146,841
51%
Ceiling
$20,521
7%
Window
$8,665
3%
Wall/Door
$21,433
7%
Floor
$28,274
10%
Water
Heating
$17,690
6%
Fans
$1,598
1%
Lighting
$32,452
11%
Refriger-
ation
$1,572
1%
Other
Electrical
$9,029
3% Cooking
$107
0%
Existing Building Energy Cost
Breakdown $ 288,183
Envelope Air
Losses
$54,750
19%
Ceiling
$11,502
4%
Window
$5,521
2%
Wall/Door
$12,422
4%
Floor
$17,023
6%
Water
Heating
$6,279
2%
Fans
$702
0%
Lighting
$22,922
8%
Refriger-
ation
$1,572
1%
Other
Electrical
$7,856
3%
Cooking
$107
0%
Savings
$147,527
51%
Retrofit Building Energy Cost
Breakdown $ 140,656
Energy Audit-Final Report
Tri-Valley School
Healy, Alaska
F:\00-Jobs\2011\2602 F - AHFC Grade Audits\50-300 Doyon Other Region\50-360 Denali Borough SD\50-364 Tri Valley School\Reports\Final\2012.07.09 Final AHFC
Report HRR Tri-Valley School.Docx
6
2.0 INTRODUCTION
NORTECH contracted with the Alaska Housing Finance Corporation to perform ASHRAE
Level II Energy Audits for publically owned buildings in Alaska. This report presents the findings
of the utility benchmarking, modeling analysis, and the recommended building modifications,
and building use changes that are expected to save energy and money.
The report is organized into sections covering:
• description of the facility,
• the building’s historic energy usage (benchmarking),
• estimating energy use through energy use modeling,
• evaluation of potential energy efficiency or efficiency improvements, and
• recommendations for energy efficiency with estimates of the costs and savings.
2.1 Building Use
Tri-Valley School is used as a Pre-Kindergarten-12 school and is composed of classrooms,
offices, and two gymnasiums. Adjacent to the building is a Boiler Building and a Maintenance
Shop that are both heated by the school’s heating system.
2.2 Building Occupancy and Schedules
The building is occupied by an average of 175 students and 30 staff members during the school
year from middle of August to the end of May. Students primarily occupy the building from 8:00
am to 3:30 pm Monday through Friday and faculty occupies the building from 7:00 am to 4:30
pm.
2.3 Building Description
Tri-Valley school is a wood framed two story building on a concrete slab foundation with an
insulated perimeter, originally constructed in 1971. Five additions were made to Tri-Valley
School:
• The wood shop, welding shop, and music room were added in 1972
• Misc. classrooms were added in 1976
• The cafeteria and commons area were added in 1979
• High school classrooms were added in 1985
• The elementary and multipurpose room were added in 1999
Located east of the school are a concrete Boiler Building and a wood framed Maintenance
Shop.
Energy Audit-Final Report
Tri-Valley School
Healy, Alaska
F:\00-Jobs\2011\2602 F - AHFC Grade Audits\50-300 Doyon Other Region\50-360 Denali Borough SD\50-364 Tri Valley School\Reports\Final\2012.07.09 Final AHFC
Report HRR Tri-Valley School.Docx
7
Building Envelope
Building Envelope: Walls
Wall Type Description Insulation Notes
Above-grade wall 1 6-inches of concrete 3-inches of rigid foam 5,988 square feet
Above-grade wall 2 6-inches of concrete blocks,
2x6 studs 6-inches of fiberglass 3,610 square feet
Above-grade wall 3 Metal 2x6 studs 6-inches of fiberglass 9,127 square feet
Above-grade wall 4 Wood 2x8 studs 6-inches of fiberglass 11,860 square feet
Boiler Building walls 8-inches of concrete blocks 1.5-inches of rigid
foam 3,276 square feet
Maintenance Shop walls Wood 2x8 studs 8-inches of fiberglass 2,466 square feet
Building Envelope: Floors
Floor Type Description Insulation Notes
School Floor Insulated slab 2-inches of rigid foam -
Boiler Building Floor Uninsulated slab None -
Maintenance Shop Floor Uninsulated slab None -
Building Envelope: Roof
Roof Type Description Insulation Notes
School Roof Hot roof framed with wood
trusses.
7.5-inches of rigid
foam -
Boiler Building Roof Cold roof framed with wood
trusses.
12-inches of fiberglass
batt. -
Maintenance Shop Roof Cold roof framed with wood
trusses.
8-inches of fiberglass
batt. -
Energy Audit-Final Report
Tri-Valley School
Healy, Alaska
F:\00-Jobs\2011\2602 F - AHFC Grade Audits\50-300 Doyon Other Region\50-360 Denali Borough SD\50-364 Tri Valley School\Reports\Final\2012.07.09 Final AHFC
Report HRR Tri-Valley School.Docx
8
Heating and Ventilation Systems
The building is heated with two different systems. The majority of the school along with the
Boiler Building and the Maintenance Shop utilize the first heating system consisting of
unmetered heat from a coal boiler and fuel oil boiler burning #1 fuel which are located in the
Boiler Building. This heating system also provides unmetered heat to the District Office Building
located west of the school (see Appendix M Energy Balance for Denali Borough School District
Buildings in Healy).
The elementary section of the school utilizes the second heating system which is located in the
elementary wing and consists of two oil fired boilers that use #1 fuel oil. Heat is distributed to
three air handling units located in the elementary section of the school.
Primary means of heating the classrooms are baseboard-heating systems combined with VAVs
located in the ceiling in each space. Each VAV incorporates a heating coil that heats the air
dispensed in the space. Siemens controllers are used to control the system.
Within Tri-Valley School there are nine air-handling units (AHUs) that provide ventilation:
Building Envelope: Doors and Windows
Door and Window
Type Description Estimated
R-Value Notes
Door Type 1 Metal: EPS core 5.0 422 square feet
Door Type 2 Metal: EPS core: Full Lite glass 3.0 79 square feet
Building Envelope: Doors and Windows
Door and Window
Type Description Estimated
R-Value Notes
Door Type 3 Metal: EPS core: Half Lite glass 3.0 63 square feet
Garage Doors Sectional: Polystyrene Core:
1-1/2 inches 5.6 324 square feet
Window Type 1 Aluminum: Double Pane:
>3/8 inch glass spacing 1.2 1190 square feet
Window Type 2 Aluminum: Triple Pane:
<3/8 inch glass spacing 1.4 402 square feet
Window Type 3 Wood: Double Pane:
>3/8 inch glass spacing 2.0 400 square feet
Window Type 4 Aluminum: Single Pane 0.8 109 square feet
Energy Audit-Final Report
Tri-Valley School
Healy, Alaska
F:\00-Jobs\2011\2602 F - AHFC Grade Audits\50-300 Doyon Other Region\50-360 Denali Borough SD\50-364 Tri Valley School\Reports\Final\2012.07.09 Final AHFC
Report HRR Tri-Valley School.Docx
9
AHUs-1,2,3,4 all have the capacity to vary the air flow volume use a variable speed motor.
• High School Section
o AHU-1 provides ventilation and heat to classrooms and the library. This unit
runs from 7 am to 9 pm. Minimum outside air (OSA) is set to 25% (1870 CFM).
o AHU-2 provides ventilation and heat to the office area and classrooms. This
unit runs from 7 am to 9 pm. Minimum outside air (OSA) is set to 25% (3970
CFM).
o AHU-3 provides ventilation and heat to the kitchen and cafeteria. This unit runs
from 7 am to 9 pm. A CO2 sensor is installed to maintain a CO2 level of 800
ppm. This AHU is interlocked with EF-7. During the visit OSA was set to 30%
(1170 CFM).
o AHU-4 provides ventilation and heat to the gymnasium. This unit runs from
7 am to 9 pm. A CO2 sensor is installed to maintain a CO2 level of 800 ppm.
During the visit OSA was set to 20% (2210 CFM).
o AHU-5 provides ventilation and heat to the men’s and women’s locker rooms.
This unit runs from 7 am to 9 pm. Minimum outside air (OSA) is set to 68%
(3750 CFM).
o AHU-6 provides ventilation and heat to classrooms and the library. This unit
runs from 7 am to 9 pm. During the visit OSA was set to 50% (2000 CFM).
• Elementary Section
o AHU-1 provides ventilation and heat to the small gym. This unit runs from
7 am to 9 pm. During the visit OSA was set to 50% (3500 CFM).
o AHU-2 provides ventilation and heat to the classrooms. This unit runs from
7 am to 9 pm.
o AHU-3 provides ventilation and heat to the boiler room. This unit is controlled
by a thermostat.
Air Conditioning System
No air conditioning system is installed in this building.
Energy Management
A DDC controller is installed in Tri-Valley School and is able to control the temperature settings
of the AHUs and can be used as an energy management system.
Lighting Systems
Lighting consists of fluorescent ceiling mounted fixtures with T8 lamps (1-inch diameter, 4-foot
long). The gym lighting consists of ceiling mounted fixtures with 250 watt HID lamps and was
currently being converted to fluorescent high bay fixtures with T5 lamps (5/8-inch diameter, 4-
foot long).
Energy Audit-Final Report
Tri-Valley School
Healy, Alaska
F:\00-Jobs\2011\2602 F - AHFC Grade Audits\50-300 Doyon Other Region\50-360 Denali Borough SD\50-364 Tri Valley School\Reports\Final\2012.07.09 Final AHFC
Report HRR Tri-Valley School.Docx
10
Domestic Hot Water
A heat exchanger is used to provide domestic hot water to the main section of the building and
does not circulate as it only produces hot water as it is called for. Domestic hot water in the
elementary portion of the school is provided by an electric hot water heater which recirculates to
ensure that hot water is readily available.
Energy Audit-Final Report
Tri-Valley School
Healy, Alaska
F:\00-Jobs\2011\2602 F - AHFC Grade Audits\50-300 Doyon Other Region\50-360 Denali Borough SD\50-364 Tri Valley School\Reports\Final\2012.07.09 Final AHFC
Report HRR Tri-Valley School.Docx
11
3.0 BENCHMARKING 2010 UTILITY DATA
Benchmarking building energy use consists of obtaining and then analyzing two years of energy
bills. The original utility bills are necessary to determine the raw usage, and charges as well as
to evaluate the utility’s rate structure. The metered usage of electrical and natural gas
consumption is measured monthly, but heating oil, propane, wood, and other energy sources
are normally billed upon delivery and provide similar information. During benchmarking,
information is compiled in a way that standardizes the units of energy and creates energy use
and billing rate information statistics for the building on a square foot basis. The objectives of
benchmarking are:
• to understand patterns of use,
• to understand building operational characteristics,
• for comparison with other similar facilities in Alaska and across the country, and
• to offer insight in to potential energy savings.
The results of the benchmarking, including the energy use statistics and comparisons to other
areas, are discussed in the following sections.
Energy Audit-Final Report
Tri-Valley School
Healy, Alaska
F:\00-Jobs\2011\2602 F - AHFC Grade Audits\50-300 Doyon Other Region\50-360 Denali Borough SD\50-364 Tri Valley School\Reports\Final\2012.07.09 Final AHFC
Report HRR Tri-Valley School.Docx
12
3.05 Energy Balance
In order to benchmark utility data and model District Office in AkWarm, it was necessary to
determine the overall system energy balance in an unmetered system and the amount of heat
coming into this building. The energy balance enabled allocation of coal, oil and electricity
generated heat among the five different heated sections/buildings.
a) See Appendix M for Energy Balance diagram for Tri-Valley buildings.
b) Energy consumption for the three buildings is assumed to be the same rate per square
foot since no utility data is available to apportion coal heat between the buildings.
c) District Office AkWarm modeling provided the total energy consumption. This total
consumption was used as a constraint on other values.
d) Electric output is the heat value of electricity used in the building.
e) One mmBTU is comparable to about 7.5 gallons of fuel oil.
Energy Balance of Denali Borough School District Buildings in Healy
Tri-Valley
School (b) Elementary
Boiler Building
(b)
Maintenance
Shop (b)
District Office
(c)
Output
Oil 1,302 5,977 135 mmBTU/Yr
Coal 3,602 mmBTU/Yr
Electric (d) 1,895 452 71 106 94 mmBTU/Yr
Total 1,895 1,754 9,650 106 229 mmBTU/Yr
Consumption
Oil 5,390 1,302 203 302 217 mmBTU/Yr
Coal 3,249 122 182 49 mmBTU/Yr
Electric (d) 1,895 452 71 106 94 mmBTU/Yr
Total 10,534 1,754 396 590 360 mmBTU/Yr
Net Energy -8,639 0 9,254 -484 -130 mmBTU/Yr
Area 49,609 11,822 1,867 2,780 3,550 Sq. Ft
Energy/SF 212,340 148,353 212,340 212,340 101,408 BTU/SF/YR
Energy Audit-Final Report
Tri-Valley School
Healy, Alaska
F:\00-Jobs\2011\2602 F - AHFC Grade Audits\50-300 Doyon Other Region\50-360 Denali Borough SD\50-364 Tri Valley School\Reports\Final\2012.07.09 Final AHFC
Report HRR Tri-Valley School.Docx
13
3.1 Total Energy Use and Cost of 2010
The energy use profiles below show the energy and cost breakdowns f or Tri-Valley School. The
total annual energy used was 13,274 mmBTU which cost $ 289,472. These charts show the
portion of use for a fuel type and the portion of its cost.
The above charts indicate that the highest portion of energy use and portion of cost is fuel oil.
Fuel oil consumption correlates directly to space heating and domestic hot water while electrical
use can correlate to lighting systems, plug loads, and HVAC equipment. The energy type with
the highest cost often provides the most opportunity for savings.
Electric
2,524
19%
Oil
7,197
54%
Coal
3,553
27%
Energy Use Total (mmBTU) in 2010
Electric
$124,356
43% Oil
$150,312
52%
Coal
$14,804
5%
Energy Cost Total ($) in 2010
Energy Audit-Final Report
Tri-Valley School
Healy, Alaska
F:\00-Jobs\2011\2602 F - AHFC Grade Audits\50-300 Doyon Other Region\50-360 Denali Borough SD\50-364 Tri Valley School\Reports\Final\2012.07.09 Final AHFC
Report HRR Tri-Valley School.Docx
14
3.2 Energy Utilization Index of 2010
The primary benchmarking statistic is the Energy Utilization Index (EUI). The EUI is calculated
from the utility bills and provides a simple snapshot of the quantity of energy actually used by
the building on a square foot and annual basis. The calculation converts the total energy use
for the year from all sources in the building, such as heating fuel and electrical usage, into
British Thermal Units (BTUs). This total annual usage is then divided by the number of square
feet of the building. The EUI units are BTUs per square foot per year.
The benchmark analysis found that the Tri-Valley School has an EUI of 201,000 BTUs per
square foot per year.
The EUI is useful in comparing this building’s energy use to that of other similar buildings in
Alaska and in the Continental United States. The EUI can be compared to average energy use
in 2003 found in a study by the U.S. Energy Information Administration of commercial buildings
(abbreviated CBECS, 2006). That report found an overall average energy use of about 90,000
BTUs per square foot per year while studying about 6,000 commercial buildings of all sizes,
types, and uses that were located all over the Continental U.S. (see Table C3 in Appendix I).
In a recent and unpublished state-wide benchmarking study sponsored by the Alaska Housing
Finance Corporation, schools in Fairbanks averaged 62,000 BTUs per square foot and schools
in Anchorage averaged 123,000 BTUs per square foot annual energy use. The chart below
shows the Tri-Valley School relative to these values. These findings are discussed further in
Appendix H.
201,000
62,000
123,000
0
50000
100000
150000
200000
250000
Btu/ Sq. Ft Annual Energy Use Index (Total Energy/ SF)
Tri Valley School Fairbanks Schools Anchorage Schools
Energy Audit-Final Report
Tri-Valley School
Healy, Alaska
F:\00-Jobs\2011\2602 F - AHFC Grade Audits\50-300 Doyon Other Region\50-360 Denali Borough SD\50-364 Tri Valley School\Reports\Final\2012.07.09 Final AHFC
Report HRR Tri-Valley School.Docx
15
3.3 Cost Utilization Index of 2010
Another benchmarking statistic that is useful is the Cost Utilization Index (CUI), which is the cost
for energy used in the building on a square foot basis per year. The CUI is calculated from the
cost for utilities for a year period. The CUI permits comparison of buildings on total energy cost
even though they may be located in areas with differing energy costs and differing heating
and/or cooling climates. The cost of energy, including heating oil, natural gas, and electricity,
can vary greatly over time and geographic location and can be higher in Alaska than other parts
of the country.
The CUI for Tri-Valley School is about $4.38/SF. This is based on utility costs from 2010 and
the following rates:
Electricity at $ 0.17 / kWh ($ 4.98 / therm)
# 1 Fuel Oil at $ 2.77 / gallon ($ 2.08 / therm)
Coal at $ 65.00 / ton (delivery price) ($ 0.42 / therm)
The Department of Energy Administration study, mentioned in the previous section (CBECS,
2006) found an average cost of $2.52 per square foot in 2003 for 4,400 buildings in the
Continental U.S (Tables C4 and C13 of CBDES, 2006). Schools in Fairbanks have an average
cost for energy of $2.42 per square foot while Anchorage schools average $2.11 per square
foot. The chart below shows the Tri-Valley School relative to these values. More details are
included in Appendix H.
$4.38
$2.42
$2.11
$0.00
$0.50
$1.00
$1.50
$2.00
$2.50
$3.00
$3.50
$4.00
$4.50
$5.00
Annual Energy Cost Index (Total Cost/ SF)
Tri Valley School Fairbanks Schools Anchorage Schools
Energy Audit-Final Report
Tri-Valley School
Healy, Alaska
F:\00-Jobs\2011\2602 F - AHFC Grade Audits\50-300 Doyon Other Region\50-360 Denali Borough SD\50-364 Tri Valley School\Reports\Final\2012.07.09 Final AHFC
Report HRR Tri-Valley School.Docx
16
3.4 Seasonal Energy Use Patterns
Energy consumption is often highly correlated with seasonal climate and usage variations. The
graphs below show the electric and fuel consumption of this building over the course of two
years. The lowest monthly use is called the baseline use. The electric baseline often reflects
year round lighting consumption while the heating fuel baseline often reflects year round hot
water usage. The clear relation of increased energy usage during periods of cold weather can
be seen in the months with higher usage.
Fuel oil consumption is based on Energy Balance and AkWarm modeling of 2010 utility data.
Coal consumption is based on Energy Balance and AkWarm modeling of 2010 utility data.
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
70000
80000
Jul-09Sep-09Nov-09Jan-10Mar-10May-10Jul-10Sep-10Nov-10Jan-11KWH Electrical Consumption
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
Jul-09Sep-09Nov-09Jan-10Mar-10May-10Jul-10Sep-10Nov-10Jan-11Gallons Estimated Fuel Consumption
0
20
40
60
80
100
Jul-09Sep-09Nov-09Jan-10Mar-10May-10Jul-10Sep-10Nov-10Jan-11Tons Estimated Coal Consumption
Energy Audit-Final Report
Tri-Valley School
Healy, Alaska
F:\00-Jobs\2011\2602 F - AHFC Grade Audits\50-300 Doyon Other Region\50-360 Denali Borough SD\50-364 Tri Valley School\Reports\Final\2012.07.09 Final AHFC
Report HRR Tri-Valley School.Docx
17
3.5 Future Energy Monitoring
Energy accounting is the process of tracking energy consumption and costs. It is important for
the building owner or manager to monitor and record both the energy usage and cost each
month. Comparing trends over time can assist in pinpointing major sources of energy usage and
aid in finding effective energy efficiency measures. There are two basic methods of energy
accounting: manual and automatic. Manual tracking of energy usage may already be performed
by an administrative assistant: however if the records are not scrutinized for energy use, then
the data is merely a financial accounting. Digital energy tracking systems can be installed. They
display and record real-time energy usage and accumulated energy use and cost. There are
several types which have all of the information accessible via Ethernet browser.
Currently, unmetered heat is being transferred to the District Office building making it difficult to
quantify the amount of energy being used in Tri Valley School. An easy way to monitor energy
use in terms of heat for Tri Valley School would be to set up a BTU meter at the supply and
return lines leaving the Tri Valley Boiler Building. Totalized BTU data can be collected monthly
to help evaluate energy supplied from the coal boiler.
Energy Audit-Final Report
Tri-Valley School
Healy, Alaska
F:\00-Jobs\2011\2602 F - AHFC Grade Audits\50-300 Doyon Other Region\50-360 Denali Borough SD\50-364 Tri Valley School\Reports\Final\2012.07.09 Final AHFC
Report HRR Tri-Valley School.Docx
18
4.0 MODELING ENERGY CONSUMPTION
After benchmarking of a building is complete and the site visit has identified the specific systems
in the building, a number of different methods are available for quantifying the overall energy
consumption and to model the energy use. These range from relatively simple spreadsheets to
commercially available modeling software capable of handling complex building systems.
NORTECH has used several of these programs and uses the worksheets and software that
best matches the complexity of the building and specific energy use that is being evaluated.
Modeling of an energy efficiency measure (EEM) requires an estimate of the current energy
used by the specific feature, the estimated energy use of the proposed EEM and its installed
cost. EEMs can range from a single simple upgrade, such as light bulb type or type of motor, to
reprogramming of the controls on more complex systems. While the need for a major retrofit
can typically be identified by an energy audit, the specific system upgrades often require
engineering and design expertise beyond the scope of standard Level II energy audit.
Based on the field inspection results and discussions with the building owners/operators,
auditors developed potential EEMs for the facility. Common EEMs that could apply to almost
every older building include:
• Reduce the envelope heat losses through:
o increased building insulation, and
o better windows and doors
• Reduce temperature difference between inside and outside using setback thermostats
• Upgrade inefficient:
o lights,
o motors,
o refrigeration units, and
o other appliances
• Reduce running time of lights/appliances through:
o motion sensors,
o on/off timers,
o light sensors, and
o other automatic/programmable systems
The objective of the following sections is to describe how the overall energy use of the building
was modeled and the potential for energy savings. The specific EEMs that provide these overall
energy savings are detailed in Appendix A of this report. While the energy savings of an EEM is
unlikely to change significantly over time, the cost savings of an EEM is highly dependent on the
current energy price and can vary significantly over time. An EEM that is not currently
recommended based on price may be more attractive at a later date or with higher energy
prices.
Energy Audit-Final Report
Tri-Valley School
Healy, Alaska
F:\00-Jobs\2011\2602 F - AHFC Grade Audits\50-300 Doyon Other Region\50-360 Denali Borough SD\50-364 Tri Valley School\Reports\Final\2012.07.09 Final AHFC
Report HRR Tri-Valley School.Docx
19
4.1 Understanding How AkWarm Models Energy Consumption
NORTECH used the AkWarm model for evaluating the overall energy consumption at Tri-Valley
School. The AkWarm program was developed by the Alaska Housing Finance Corporation
(AHFC) to model residential energy use. The original AkWarm is the modeling engine behind
the successful residential energy upgrade program that AHFC has operated for a number of
years. In the past few years, AHFC has developed a version of this model for commercial
buildings.
Energy use in buildings is modeled by calculating energy losses and consumption, such as:
• Heat lost through the building envelope components, including windows, doors, walls,
ceilings, crawlspaces, and foundations. These heat losses are computed for each
component based on the area, heat resistance (R-value), and the difference between
the inside temperature and the outside temperature. AkWarm has a library of
temperature profiles for villages and cities in Alaska.
• Window orientation, such as the fact that south facing windows can add heat in the
winter but north-facing windows do not.
• Inefficiencies of the heating system, including the imperfect conversion of fuel oil or
natural gas due to heat loss in exhaust gases, incomplete combustion, excess air, etc.
Some electricity is also consumed in moving the heat around a building through
pumping.
• Inefficiencies of the cooling system, if one exists, due to various imperfections in a
mechanical system and the required energy to move the heat around.
• Lighting requirements and inefficiencies in the conversion of electricity to light; ultimately
all of the power used for lighting is converted to heat. While the heat may be useful in
the winter, it often isn’t useful in the summer when cooling may be required to remove
the excess heat. Lights are modeled by wattage and operational hours.
• Use and inefficiencies in refrigeration, compressor cooling, and heat pumps. Some units
are more efficient than others. Electricity is required to move the heat from inside a
compartment to outside it. Again, this is a function of the R-Value and the temperature
difference between the inside and outside of the unit.
• Plug loads such as computers, printers, mini-fridges, microwaves, portable heaters,
monitors, etc. These can be a significant part of the overall electricity consumption of
the building, as well as contributing to heat production.
• The schedule of operation for lights, plug loads, motors, etc is a critical component of
how much energy is used.
AkWarm adds up these heat losses and the internal heat gains based on individual unit usage
schedules. These estimated heat and electrical usages are compared to actual use on both a
yearly and seasonal basis. If the AkWarm model is within 5 % to 10% of the most recent 12
months usage identified during benchmarking, the model is considered accurate enough to
make predictions of energy savings for possible EEMs.
Energy Audit-Final Report
Tri-Valley School
Healy, Alaska
F:\00-Jobs\2011\2602 F - AHFC Grade Audits\50-300 Doyon Other Region\50-360 Denali Borough SD\50-364 Tri Valley School\Reports\Final\2012.07.09 Final AHFC
Report HRR Tri-Valley School.Docx
20
4.2 AkWarm Calculated Savings for the Tri-Valley School
Based on the field inspection results and discussions with the building owners/operators,
auditors developed potential EEMs for the facility. These EEMs are then entered into AkWarm
to determine if the EEM saves energy and is cost effective (i.e. will pay for itself). AkWarm
calculates the energy and money saved by each EEM and calculates the length of time for the
savings in reduced energy consumption to pay for the installation of the EEM. AkWarm makes
recommendations based on the Savings/Investment Ratio (SIR), which is defined as ratio of the
savings generated over the life of the EEM divided by the installed cost. Higher SIR values are
better and any SIR above one is considered acceptable. If the SIR of an EEM is below one, the
energy savings will not pay for the cost of the EEM and the EEM is not recommended.
Preferred EEMs are listed by AkWarm in order of the highest SIR.
A summary of the savings from the recommended EEMs are listed in this table.
Description Space
Heating
Water
Heating Lighting Refrigeration Other
Electrical Cooking Ventilation
Fans Total
Existing
Building $225,734 $17,690 $32,452 $1,572 $9,029 $107 $1,598 $288,183
With All
Proposed
Retrofits
$101,218 $6,279 $22,922 $1,572 $7,856 $107 $702 $140,656
Savings $124,517 $11,411 $9,530 $0 $1,173 $0 $896 $147,527
Savings in these categories do not reflect interaction with other categories. So, for example, the
savings in lighting does not affect the added space heating cost to make up for the heat saved
in replacing less-efficient lights with more-efficient lights that waste less heat.
Energy Audit-Final Report
Tri-Valley School
Healy, Alaska
F:\00-Jobs\2011\2602 F - AHFC Grade Audits\50-300 Doyon Other Region\50-360 Denali Borough SD\50-364 Tri Valley School\Reports\Final\2012.07.09 Final AHFC
Report HRR Tri-Valley School.Docx
21
4.3 AkWarm Projected Energy Costs after Modifications
The AkWarm recommended EEMs appear to result in significant savings in space heating. The
energy cost by end use breakdown was provided by AkWarm based on the field inspection and
does not indicate that all individual fixtures and appliances were directly measured. The current
energy costs are shown below on the left hand bar of the graph and the projected energy costs,
assuming use of the recommended EEMs, are shown on the right.
This graphical format allows easy visual comparison of the various energy requirements of the
facility. In the event that not all recommended retrofits are desired, the proposal energy savings
can be estimated from visual interpretation from this graph.
Energy Audit-Final Report
Tri-Valley School
Healy, Alaska
F:\00-Jobs\2011\2602 F - AHFC Grade Audits\50-300 Doyon Other Region\50-360 Denali Borough SD\50-364 Tri Valley School\Reports\Final\2012.07.09 Final AHFC
Report HRR Tri-Valley School.Docx
22
4.4 Additional Modeling Methods
The AkWarm program effectively models wood-framed and other buildings with standard
heating systems and relatively simple HVAC systems. AkWarm models of more complicated
mechanical systems are sometimes poor due to a number of simplifying assumptions and
limited input of some variables. Furthermore, AKWarm is unable to model complex HVAC
systems such as variable frequency motors, variable air volume (VAV) systems, those with
significant digital or pneumatic controls or significant heat recovery capacity. In addition, some
other building methods and occupancies are outside AkWarm capabilities.
This report section is included in order to identify benefits from modifications to those more
complex systems or changes in occupant behavior that cannot be addressed in AkWarm.
Tri-Valley School currently provides unmetered heat to the Tri-Valley School and District Office.
One of the strengths of AkWarm is using actual utility data to help calibrate the model. However,
in order to model Tri-Valley School in AkWarm, it was necessary to separate the amount of heat
generated by the coal and oiler boilers coming to the District Office. An energy balance was
performed to estimate this energy use. AkWarm models of the School and District Office and
2010 utility data provided constraints to the energy balance which in turn helped provide
calibration and understanding of the overall system of the Elementary and High School were
modeled together as one school.
Energy Audit-Final Report
Tri-Valley School
Healy, Alaska
F:\00-Jobs\2011\2602 F - AHFC Grade Audits\50-300 Doyon Other Region\50-360 Denali Borough SD\50-364 Tri Valley School\Reports\Final\2012.07.09 Final AHFC
Report HRR Tri-Valley School.Docx
23
5.0 BUILDING OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE (O & M)
5.1 Operations and Maintenance
A well-implemented operation and maintenance (O & M) plan is often the driving force behind
energy savings. Such a plan includes preserving institutional knowledge, directing preventative
maintenance, and scheduling regular inspections of each piece of HVAC equipment within the
building. Routine maintenance includes the timely replacement of filters, belts and pulleys, the
proper greasing of bearings and other details such as topping off the glycol tanks. Additional
benefits to a maintenance plan are decreased down time for malfunctioning equipment, early
indications of problems, prevention of exacerbated maintenance issues, and early detection of
overloading/overheating issues. A good maintenance person knows the building’s equipment
well enough to spot and repair minor malfunctions before they become major retrofits.
Operations and Maintenance staff implementing a properly designed O & M plan will:
• Track and document
o Renovations and repairs,
o Utility bills and fuel consumption, and
o System performance.
• Keep available for reference
o A current Building Operating Plan including an inventory of installed systems,
o The most recent available as-built drawings,
o Reference manuals for all installed parts and systems, and
o An up-to-date inventory of on-hand replacement parts.
• Provide training and continuing education for maintenance personnel.
• Plan for commissioning and re-commissioning at appropriate intervals.
5.2 Commissioning
Commissioning of a building is the verification that the HVAC systems perform within the design
or usage ranges of the Building Operating Plan. This process ideally, though seldom, occurs as
the last phase in construction. HVAC system operation parameters degrade from ideal over time
due to incorrect maintenance, improper replacement pumps, changes in facility tenants or
usage, changes in schedules, and changes in energy costs or loads. Ideally, re-commissioning
of a building should occur every five to ten years. This ensures that the HVAC system meets
the potentially variable use with the most efficient means.
5.3 Building Specific Recommendations
During the visit, the coal fired boiler was inoperable due to a broken auger that dispenses coal
into the boiler. If the coal boiler is not able to run, Tri-Valley School and District Office are forced
to rely completely on #1 heating fuel to heat the buildings. The District should institute an
operation and maintenance program (O&M) to make sure the coal boiler operates at top
efficiency.
Energy Audit-Final Report
Tri-Valley School
Healy, Alaska
F:\00-Jobs\2011\2602 F - AHFC Grade Audits\50-300 Doyon Other Region\50-360 Denali Borough SD\50-364 Tri Valley School\Reports\Final\2012.07.09 Final AHFC
Report HRR Tri-Valley School.Docx
24
APPENDICES
Energy Audit-Final Report
Tri-Valley School
Healy, Alaska
F:\00-Jobs\2011\2602 F - AHFC Grade Audits\50-300 Doyon Other Region\50-360 Denali Borough SD\50-364 Tri Valley School\Reports\Final\2012.07.09 Final AHFC
Report HRR Tri-Valley School.Docx
25
Appendix A Recommended Energy Efficiency Measures
A number of Energy Efficiency Measures (EEMs) are available to reduce the energy use and
overall operating cost for the facility. The EEMs listed below are those recommended by
AkWarm based on the calculated savings/investment ration (SIR) as described in Appendix E.
AkWarm also provides a breakeven cost, which is the maximum initial cost of the EEM that will
still return a SIR of one or greater.
This section describes each recommended EEM and identifies the potential energy savings and
installation costs. This also details the calculation of breakeven costs, simple payback, and the
SIR for each recommendation. The recommended EEMs are grouped together generally by the
overall end use that will be impacted.
A.1 Temperature Control
31 Programmable thermostats should be installed and/or programmed in the Tri-Valley School
and the Maintenance Shop. Programmable thermostats allow for automatic temperature
setback, which reduce usage more reliably than manual setbacks. Reduction of the nighttime
temperature set point in the classrooms and miscellaneous offices will decrease the energy
usage.
Rank Building Space Recommendation
2 School- 30 Thermostats
Implement a Heating Temperature
Unoccupied Setback to 62.0 deg F for the
School space.
Installation Cost $5,000 Estimated Life of Measure (yrs) 15 Energy Savings (/yr) $7,983
Breakeven Cost $106,721 Savings-to-Investment Ratio 21 Simple Payback yrs 1
Tri-Valley School already has programmable thermostats installed. Programming these thermostats may be
cheaper than the installation cost estimate if no outside contracting help is needed to program.
Rank Building Space Recommendation
5 Maintenance Shop- 1 Thermostat
Implement a Heating Temperature
Unoccupied Setback to 62.0 deg F for the
Maintenance Shop space.
Installation Cost $300 Estimated Life of Measure (yrs) 15 Energy Savings (/yr) $396
Breakeven Cost $5,292 Savings-to-Investment Ratio 18 Simple Payback yrs 1
Energy Audit-Final Report
Tri-Valley School
Healy, Alaska
F:\00-Jobs\2011\2602 F - AHFC Grade Audits\50-300 Doyon Other Region\50-360 Denali Borough SD\50-364 Tri Valley School\Reports\Final\2012.07.09 Final AHFC
Report HRR Tri-Valley School.Docx
26
A.2 Electrical Loads
A.2.1 Lighting
The electricity used by lighting eventually ends up as heat in the building. In areas where
electricity is more expensive than other forms of energy, or in areas where the summer
temperatures require cooling; this additional heat can be both wasteful and costly. Converting
to more efficient lighting reduces cooling loads in the summer and allows the user to control
heat input in the winter. The conversion from T12 (one and a half inch fluorescent bulbs) to T8
(one inch), T5 (5/8 inch), Compact Fluorescent Lights (CFL), or LED bulbs provides a significant
increase in efficiency. LED bulbs can be directly placed in existing fixtures. The LED bulb
bypasses the ballast altogether, which removes the often irritating, “buzzing” noise that
magnetic ballasts tend to make.
Incandescent lamps are very inefficient and any instance should be replaced with more efficient
compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs).
Rank Location Existing Condition Recommendation
3 Boiler Building INCAN A Lamp, Halogen 60W with Manual
Switching
Replace with FLUOR CFL,
Spiral 15 W
Installation Cost $5 Estimated Life of Measure (yrs) 7 Energy Savings (/yr) $16
Breakeven Cost $94 Savings-to-Investment Ratio 19 Simple Payback yrs 0
Rank Location Existing Condition Recommendation
4 139 INCAN A Lamp, Halogen 60W with Manual
Switching
Replace with FLUOR CFL,
Spiral 15 W
Installation Cost $5 Estimated Life of Measure (yrs) 7 Energy Savings (/yr) $15
Breakeven Cost $93 Savings-to-Investment Ratio 19 Simple Payback yrs 0
Energy Audit-Final Report
Tri-Valley School
Healy, Alaska
F:\00-Jobs\2011\2602 F - AHFC Grade Audits\50-300 Doyon Other Region\50-360 Denali Borough SD\50-364 Tri Valley School\Reports\Final\2012.07.09 Final AHFC
Report HRR Tri-Valley School.Docx
27
The primary lighting in Tri-Valley School is fluorescent fixtures with T8 lamps. While this type of
lighting is already efficient, further energy can be saved by replacing the 32 watt T8s with 25
watt T8 lamps. This energy efficient style T8 will result in a little less light compared to normal
32 watt T8s. This decrease in light should not be an issue as the majority of rooms in the school
had lighting levels greater than recommended levels. Rooms that had low levels of lighting
were not retrofitted at this time.
In Appendix B is a list of rooms that did not immediately pay off to switch to 25 watt T8s.
Although the retrofits did not pay off at this time, it is recommended that 25 watt T8s replace the
existing 32 watt T8s when the end of the lamp life of the current lighting has been reached.
Rank Location Existing Condition Recommendation
8
Hallway 102 103,
115, 116A, 116B,
T145, H107, 163,
164
151 FLUOR (2) T8 4' F32T8 32W Standard
Instant StdElectronic with Manual Switching
Replace with 151 FLUOR (2) T8
4' F32T8 25W Energy-Saver
Instant StdElectronic
Installation Cost $1,208 Estimated Life of Measure (yrs) 7 Energy Savings (/yr) $1,026
Breakeven Cost $6,354 Savings-to-Investment Ratio 5.3 Simple Payback yrs 1
Rank Location Existing Condition Recommendation
9 Maintenance Shed 9 FLUOR (2) T8 4' F32T8 32W Standard
Instant StdElectronic with Manual Switching
Replace with 9 FLUOR (2) T8 4'
F32T8 25W Energy-Saver
Instant StdElectronic
Installation Cost $72 Estimated Life of Measure (yrs) 7 Energy Savings (/yr) $54
Breakeven Cost $332 Savings-to-Investment Ratio 4.6 Simple Payback yrs 1
Rank Location Existing Condition Recommendation
11 C141 4 FLUOR (2) T8 4' F32T8 32W Standard
Instant StdElectronic with Manual Switching
Replace with 4 FLUOR (2) T8 4'
F32T8 25W Energy-Saver
Instant StdElectronic
Installation Cost $32 Estimated Life of Measure (yrs) 7 Energy Savings (/yr) $16
Breakeven Cost $99 Savings-to-Investment Ratio 3.1 Simple Payback yrs 2
Rank Location Existing Condition Recommendation
12 C141
12 FLUOR (4) T8 4' F32T8 32W Standard
(2) Instant StdElectronic with Manual
Switching
Replace with 12 FLUOR (4) T8
4' F32T8 25W Energy-Saver (2)
Instant StdElectronic
Installation Cost $192 Estimated Life of Measure (yrs) 7 Energy Savings (/yr) $96
Breakeven Cost $595 Savings-to-Investment Ratio 3.1 Simple Payback yrs 2
Energy Audit-Final Report
Tri-Valley School
Healy, Alaska
F:\00-Jobs\2011\2602 F - AHFC Grade Audits\50-300 Doyon Other Region\50-360 Denali Borough SD\50-364 Tri Valley School\Reports\Final\2012.07.09 Final AHFC
Report HRR Tri-Valley School.Docx
28
Rank Location Existing Condition Recommendation
13 92, 93 8 FLUOR (2) T8 4' F32T8 32W Standard
Instant StdElectronic with Manual Switching
Replace with 8 FLUOR (2) T8 4'
F32T8 25W Energy-Saver
Instant StdElectronic
Installation Cost $64 Estimated Life of Measure (yrs) 7 Energy Savings (/yr) $32
Breakeven Cost $198 Savings-to-Investment Ratio 3.1 Simple Payback yrs 2
Rank Location Existing Condition Recommendation
14 98, 99 5 FLUOR T8 4' F32T8 32W Standard
Instant StdElectronic with Manual Switching
Replace with 5 FLUOR T8 4'
F32T8 25W Energy-Saver
Instant StdElectronic
Installation Cost $20 Estimated Life of Measure (yrs) 7 Energy Savings (/yr) $9
Breakeven Cost $57 Savings-to-Investment Ratio 2.9 Simple Payback yrs 2
Rank Location Existing Condition Recommendation
15 Front Offices, V104,
V105
7 FLUOR (2) T8 4' F32T8 32W Standard
Instant StdElectronic with Manual Switching
Replace with 7 FLUOR (2) T8 4'
F32T8 25W Energy-Saver
Instant StdElectronic
Installation Cost $56 Estimated Life of Measure (yrs) 7 Energy Savings (/yr) $26
Breakeven Cost $160 Savings-to-Investment Ratio 2.9 Simple Payback yrs 2
Rank Location Existing Condition Recommendation
16
102, 103, 104, 106,
108, 109, 110, 114,
120, 121, 122, 123,
124, 125, 127, 128,
130, 131, 132, 133,
134, V106, 144,
168A & B, 169 A &
B
219 FLUOR (2) T8 4' F32T8 32W Standard
Instant StdElectronic with Manual Switching
Replace with 219 FLUOR (2) T8
4' F32T8 25W Energy-Saver
Instant StdElectronic
Installation Cost $1,752 Estimated Life of Measure (yrs) 7 Energy Savings (/yr) $811
Breakeven Cost $5,010 Savings-to-Investment Ratio 2.9 Simple Payback yrs 2
Rank Location Existing Condition Recommendation
17
101, 117, 118, 119,
130, 131, 132, 133,
134, V106,
Commons
76 FLUOR (4) T8 4' F32T8 32W Standard
(2) Instant StdElectronic with Manual
Switching
Replace with 76 FLUOR (4) T8
4' F32T8 25W Energy-Saver (2)
Instant StdElectronic
Installation Cost $1,216 Estimated Life of Measure (yrs) 7 Energy Savings (/yr) $563
Breakeven Cost $3,478 Savings-to-Investment Ratio 2.9 Simple Payback yrs 2
Energy Audit-Final Report
Tri-Valley School
Healy, Alaska
F:\00-Jobs\2011\2602 F - AHFC Grade Audits\50-300 Doyon Other Region\50-360 Denali Borough SD\50-364 Tri Valley School\Reports\Final\2012.07.09 Final AHFC
Report HRR Tri-Valley School.Docx
29
Rank Location Existing Condition Recommendation
18
95, 96, 97, 98, 99,
112, 113, 123,
H100, V100, 137A,
137B, 135, 136,
129, 139, 140,
Commons, H106,
H108, 161, 165
109 FLUOR (3) T8 4' F32T8 32W Standard
Instant StdElectronic with Manual Switching
Replace with 109 FLUOR (3) T8
4' F32T8 25W Energy-Saver
Instant StdElectronic
Installation Cost $1,308 Estimated Life of Measure (yrs) 7 Energy Savings (/yr) $606
Breakeven Cost $3,741 Savings-to-Investment Ratio 2.9 Simple Payback yrs 2
Rank Location Existing Condition Recommendation
19 142 8 FLUOR (4) T8 4' F32T8 32W Standard
Instant StdElectronic with Manual Switching
Replace with 8 FLUOR (4) T8 4'
F32T8 25W Energy-Saver
Instant StdElectronic
Installation Cost $128 Estimated Life of Measure (yrs) 7 Energy Savings (/yr) $59
Breakeven Cost $366 Savings-to-Investment Ratio 2.9 Simple Payback yrs 2
Rank Location Existing Condition Recommendation
20 95, 96, 97
3 FLUOR (10) T8 4' F32T8 32W Standard
(5) Instant StdElectronic with Manual
Switching
Replace with 3 FLUOR (10) T8
4' F32T8 25W Energy-Saver (5)
Instant StdElectronic
Installation Cost $120 Estimated Life of Measure (yrs) 7 Energy Savings (/yr) $56
Breakeven Cost $343 Savings-to-Investment Ratio 2.9 Simple Payback yrs 2
Rank Location Existing Condition Recommendation
23 Boiler Building
5 FLUOR (2) T12 8' F96T12/HO 95W
Energy-Saver Magnetic with Manual
Switching
Replace with 5 FLUOR (4) T8 4'
F32T8 25W Energy-Saver
Instant StdElectronic
Installation Cost $1,000 Estimated Life of Measure (yrs) 7 Energy Savings (/yr) $307
Breakeven Cost $1,896 Savings-to-Investment Ratio 1.9 Simple Payback yrs 3
Rank Location Existing Condition Recommendation
26 148, 149, 150 26 FLUOR (2) T12 8' F96T12 75W
Standard Magnetic with Manual Switching
Replace with 26 FLUOR (4) T8
4' F32T8 25W Energy-Saver
Instant StdElectronic
Installation Cost $5,200 Estimated Life of Measure (yrs) 7 Energy Savings (/yr) $1,024
Breakeven Cost $6,326 Savings-to-Investment Ratio 1.2 Simple Payback yrs 5
Energy Audit-Final Report
Tri-Valley School
Healy, Alaska
F:\00-Jobs\2011\2602 F - AHFC Grade Audits\50-300 Doyon Other Region\50-360 Denali Borough SD\50-364 Tri Valley School\Reports\Final\2012.07.09 Final AHFC
Report HRR Tri-Valley School.Docx
30
Lighting in the gym is already being switched to efficient fluorescent high bay fixtures with T5
lamps. To make energy consumption in the gym even less, occupancy sensors should be
installed to ensure that lighting is turned off when unoccupied.
The existing exterior lights use high amounts of wattage and should be replaced. A common
retrofit for exterior lighting is LED wall packs. These fixtures will allow for similar levels of light a
much lower energy use.
Rank Location Existing Condition Recommendation
10 160-Gym
30 FLUOR (6) T5 45.2" F54W/T5 HO
Standard (3) StdElectronic with Manual
Switching
Add new Occupancy Sensor
Installation Cost $3,000 Estimated Life of Measure (yrs) 15 Energy Savings (/yr) $1,019
Breakeven Cost $11,917 Savings-to-Investment Ratio 4.0 Simple Payback yrs 3
Rank Location Existing Condition Recommendation
21 Boiler Building
Outdoor Lights
6 HPS 200 Watt StdElectronic with Manual
Switching
Replace with 6 LED 50W
Module StdElectronic
Installation Cost $4,920 Estimated Life of Measure (yrs) 20 Energy Savings (/yr) $732
Breakeven Cost $10,650 Savings-to-Investment Ratio 2.2 Simple Payback yrs 7
Rank Location Existing Condition Recommendation
22 Exterior Recessed 8 HPS 100 Watt StdElectronic with Manual
Switching
Replace with 8 LED 27W
Module StdElectronic
Installation Cost $3,652 Estimated Life of Measure (yrs) 20 Energy Savings (/yr) $514
Breakeven Cost $7,512 Savings-to-Investment Ratio 2.1 Simple Payback yrs 7
Rank Location Existing Condition Recommendation
24 Exterior
Parking/Sidewalk
10 HPS 150 Watt StdElectronic with
Manual Switching
Replace with 10 LED 50W
Module StdElectronic
Installation Cost $8,200 Estimated Life of Measure (yrs) 20 Energy Savings (/yr) $885
Breakeven Cost $12,927 Savings-to-Investment Ratio 1.6 Simple Payback yrs 9
Rank Location Existing Condition Recommendation
25 Exterior Wall Pack 14 HPS 150 Watt StdElectronic with
Manual Switching
Replace with 14 LED 50W
Module StdElectronic
Installation Cost $11,480 Estimated Life of Measure (yrs) 20 Energy Savings (/yr) $1,239
Breakeven Cost $18,096 Savings-to-Investment Ratio 1.6 Simple Payback yrs 9
Energy Audit-Final Report
Tri-Valley School
Healy, Alaska
F:\00-Jobs\2011\2602 F - AHFC Grade Audits\50-300 Doyon Other Region\50-360 Denali Borough SD\50-364 Tri Valley School\Reports\Final\2012.07.09 Final AHFC
Report HRR Tri-Valley School.Docx
31
A.2.2 Other Electrical Loads
Head bolt heaters use a considerable amount of energy when vehicles are left plugged in
continuously and having the head bolt heaters on for the entire day is not always necessary.
Installing a timer to alternate the head bolt heaters will help decrease energy usage. When the
temperature is above 20°F all of the outlets will be off, when the temperature is between -20°F
and 20°F half of the outlets will be on and rotate on half hour cycles through the day, and at
below -20°F all the outlets will be on.
A.3 Building Envelope: Recommendations for change
A.3.1 Exterior Walls
No EEMs are recommended in this area because additional insulation is not economical at this
time.
A.3.2 Foundation and/or Crawlspace
No EEMs are recommended in this area because additional insulation is not economical at this
time.
A.3.3 Roofing and Ceiling
No EEMs are recommended in this area because the roofs already have sufficient amounts of
insulation and additional insulation is not economical at this time.
A.3.4 Windows
No EEMs are recommended in this area. An upgrade to the existing windows to better insulated
fiberglass windows was considered but was not economical.
A.3.5 Doors
No EEMs are recommended in this area. An upgrade to the existing doors to better insulated
doors was considered but was not economical.
Rank Location Existing Condition Recommendation
7 Head Bolt Heaters 18 Head Bolt Heaters with Manual
Switching
Add new Clock Timer or Other
Scheduling Control
Installation Cost $1,200 Estimated Life of Measure (yrs) 20 Energy Savings (/yr) $1,173
Breakeven Cost $17,137 Savings-to-Investment Ratio 14 Simple Payback yrs 1
Typical strategies for head bolts are:
• Above 20 F, turn head bolts off
• Temperature lower than 20 F but higher than -20 F, turn head bolts to cycle ½ time on
• Temperature lower than -20 F, turn head bolts on full time
Energy Audit-Final Report
Tri-Valley School
Healy, Alaska
F:\00-Jobs\2011\2602 F - AHFC Grade Audits\50-300 Doyon Other Region\50-360 Denali Borough SD\50-364 Tri Valley School\Reports\Final\2012.07.09 Final AHFC
Report HRR Tri-Valley School.Docx
32
A.4 Building Heating System / Air Conditioning
A.4.1 Heating and Heat Distribution
Tri Valley School and District Office obtain coal from Usibelli Coal Mine for free, only having to
pay for shipping and processing costs. This presents a huge potential for cost savings. During
the visit, the coal boiler was inoperable due to a broken auger. Denali Borough School District
should implement a structured maintenance program in order to ensure that the coal boiler is
always running to avoid from having to use #1 fuel oil. The following chart represents savings
associated with heating Tri-Valley School with coal.
The Elementary portion of Tri-Valley School currently only uses #1 fuel oil. The existing coal
boiler appears to be large enough to handle the entire Tri-Valley school, but it is recommended
to consult a design engineer to evaluate that proper piping sizes are implemented to allow for
efficient heat distribution. The existing boilers in the Elementary should be kept for standby in
the instance that the coal heat cannot provide enough heat to the Tri-Valley School. There
should also be an implementation of the ability to close off the Elementary section from Coal
heat in the event that the coal boiler cannot adequately supply heat to the original heated
section of Tri-Valley School. The AkWarm was modeled estimating the existing Elementary
boilers taking 20% of the heating load, with coal at 80% of the heating load. A supplemental
cost of $10,000 dollars a year in maintenance fees is added to support this heating
recommendation.
A.4.2 Air Conditioning
No EEMs are recommended in this area because there are no air conditioning units present in
Tri-Valley School.
Rank Recommendation
6 Utilize coal boiler 100%, plumb coal heat to elementary but keep old boilers for standby, consult a
design engineer to evaluate proper heating distribution.
Installation Cost $100,000 Estimated Life of Measure (yrs) 20 Energy Savings (/yr) $90,734
Breakeven Cost $1,433,785 Savings-to-Investment Ratio 14 Simple Payback yrs 1
Energy Audit-Final Report
Tri-Valley School
Healy, Alaska
F:\00-Jobs\2011\2602 F - AHFC Grade Audits\50-300 Doyon Other Region\50-360 Denali Borough SD\50-364 Tri Valley School\Reports\Final\2012.07.09 Final AHFC
Report HRR Tri-Valley School.Docx
33
A.4.3 Ventilation
Based on field observations, the AHUs in Tri-Valley School bring in more outside air than
current ASHRAE standards require. Outside air that is brought into the building during the winter
months has to be heated to avoid cooling down the building. The outside air should be set to a
level that meets minimum ASHRAE standards to avoid heating unnecessary air. The OSA for
all AHUs for this calculation was estimated to total 15,000 CFM before the retrofit and 8,000
CFM after the retrofit. The AHUs are controlled with a DDC system and it is recommended that
a design engineer and control contractor rebalance the system and ensure that current OSA
amounts are at ASHRAE standards. It may be necessary to replace old CO2 sensors as they
tend to have eventually have a different baseline and inaccurately read the actual concentration
of CO2, or drift, over time.
The locker room exhaust fan (EF-8) runs at 3700 cfm. This exhaust fan should be reduced to
meet ASHRAE minimum requirements of 0.50 cmf/ft2 for locker rooms.
A.4.4 Air Changes and Air Tightening
No EEMs are recommended in this area because of the difficulty of quantifying the amount of
leaking air and the savings. However, using a blower door test with an infra-red camera, the
location of significant leaks can be determined and repaired.
Rank Recommendation
1
Reduce Outside Air to ASHRAE standards. Put restroom exhaust fans on occupant sensors along with
lights, Reduce locker room exhaust with variable speed motor and appropriate humidistat controls while
complying with current building standards of ventilation for locker rooms.
Installation Cost $15,000 Estimated Life of Measure (yrs) 15 Energy Savings (/yr) $38,137
Breakeven Cost $509,136 Savings-to-Investment Ratio 34 Simple Payback yrs 0
Energy Audit-Final Report
Tri-Valley School
Healy, Alaska
F:\00-Jobs\2011\2602 F - AHFC Grade Audits\50-300 Doyon Other Region\50-360 Denali Borough SD\50-364 Tri Valley School\Reports\Final\2012.07.09 Final AHFC
Report HRR Tri-Valley School.Docx
34
Appendix B Energy Efficiency Measures that are NOT Recommended
As indicated in other sections of the report, a number of potential EEMs were identified that
were determined to be NOT cost effective by the AkWarm model. These EEMs are not
currently recommended on the basis of energy savings alone because each may only save a
small amount of energy, have a high capital cost, or be expensive to install. While each of
these EEMs is not cost effective at this time, future changes in building use such as longer
operating hours, higher energy prices, new fixtures or hardware on the market, and decreases
in installation effort may make any of these EEMs cost effective in the future. These potential
EEMs should be reviewed periodically to identify any changes to these factors that would
warrant re-evaluation.
Although these upgrades are not currently cost effective on an energy cost basis, the fixtures,
hardware, controls, or operational changes described in these EEMs should be considered
when replacing an existing fixture or unit for other reasons. For example, replacing an existing
window with a triple-pane window may not be cost effective based only on energy use, but if a
window is going to be replaced for some other reason, then the basis for a decision is only the
incremental cost of upgrading from a less efficient replacement window to a more efficient
replacement window. That incremental cost difference will have a significantly shorter payback,
especially since the installation costs are likely to be the same for both units.
The following measures were not found to be cost-effective:
Rank Feature/Location Improvement Description
Annual
Energy
Savings
Installed
Cost
Savings to
Investment
Ratio, SIR
Simple
Payback
(Years)
27 Lighting: Maintenance
Shed
Replace with 14 FLUOR (2)
T8 4' F32T8 25W Energy-
Saver Instant StdElectronic
$244 $1,862 0.8 7.6
28 Lighting: 152 Replace with 2 FLUOR CFL,
Spiral 26 W $1 $10 0.6 9.7
29 Lighting: H106
Replace with FLUOR (2) T8
4' F32T8 25W Energy-Saver
Instant StdElectronic
$11 $133 0.5 12
30 Lighting: 127, 128,
T145, H107
Replace with 3 FLUOR (2) T8
F32T8 30W U-Tube Energy-
Saver Instant StdElectronic
$40 $600 0.4 14
31 Lighting: 104, V102,
H105
Replace with 7 FLUOR (2) T8
F32T8 30W U-Tube Energy-
Saver Instant StdElectronic
$61 $1,400 0.2 22
32 Window/Skylight:
Sngl alum other
Replace existing window with
U-0.30 vinyl window $79 $6,023 0.2 76
33 Window/Skylight: Dbl
Alum >3/8" Other
Replace existing window with
U-0.30 vinyl window $442 $55,867 0.1 126
34 Window/Skylight: Dbl
Alum >3/8" South
Replace existing window with
U-0.30 vinyl window $77 $9,863 0.1 128
35 Lighting: 201, 202,
203, 204, 205
Replace with 24 FLUOR (2)
T8 4' F32T8 25W Energy-
Saver Instant StdElectronic
$4 $192 0.1 51
Energy Audit-Final Report
Tri-Valley School
Healy, Alaska
F:\00-Jobs\2011\2602 F - AHFC Grade Audits\50-300 Doyon Other Region\50-360 Denali Borough SD\50-364 Tri Valley School\Reports\Final\2012.07.09 Final AHFC
Report HRR Tri-Valley School.Docx
35
36 Lighting: Penthouse
1, Penthouse 2
Replace with 10 FLUOR (2)
T8 4' F32T8 25W Energy-
Saver Instant StdElectronic
$2 $80 0.1 50
37 Lighting: 2nd Floor
Storage and Mech.
Replace with 6 FLUOR (2) T8
4' F32T8 25W Energy-Saver
Instant StdElectronic
$1 $48 0.1 53
38 Window/Skylight: Trp
Alum <3/8" Other
Replace existing window with
U-0.30 vinyl window $154 $22,238 0.1 140
39 Lighting: ST 143
Replace with FLUOR (2) T8
4' F32T8 25W Energy-Saver
Instant StdElectronic
$0 $8 0.1 85
40 Lighting: M1 129
Replace with FLUOR (4) T8
4' F32T8 25W Energy-Saver
(2) Instant StdElectronic
$0 $16 0.1 93
41 Lighting: Elementary
AHU 1 & 2
Replace with 8 FLUOR (2) T8
4' F32T8 25W Energy-Saver
Instant StdElectronic
$1 $64 0.1 100
42 Lighting: 90, Jan 111,
162
Replace with 10 FLUOR (2)
T8 4' F32T8 25W Energy-
Saver Instant StdElectronic
$1 $80 0.1 100
43 Lighting: Maintenance
Shed 2nd Floor
Replace with 31 FLUOR (2)
T8 4' F32T8 25W Energy-
Saver Instant StdElectronic
$2 $248 0.1 100
44 Window/Skylight: Dbl
Wd >3/8 Other
Replace existing window with
U-0.30 vinyl window $68 $18,835 0.1 270
45 Window/Skylight:
Boiler Building
Replace existing window with
U-0.30 vinyl window $12 $3,315 0.1 280
46 Lighting: 147, 149,
146
Replace with 5 FLUOR (2) T8
4' F32T8 25W Energy-Saver
Instant StdElectronic
$5 $665 0.1 140
47 Lighting: 151, 170,
171, 146
Replace with 6 FLUOR (2) T8
4' F32T8 25W Energy-Saver
Instant StdElectronic
$2 $798 0.1 360
48 Lighting: Maintenance
Shed 2nd Floor
Replace with 13 FLUOR (2)
T8 4' F32T8 25W Energy-
Saver Instant StdElectronic
$2 $1,729 0.1 740
Energy Audit-Final Report
Tri-Valley School
Healy, Alaska
F:\00-Jobs\2011\2602 F - AHFC Grade Audits\50-300 Doyon Other Region\50-360 Denali Borough SD\50-364 Tri Valley School\Reports\Final\2012.07.09 Final AHFC
Report HRR Tri-Valley School.Docx
36
Appendix C Significant Equipment List
HVAC Equipment
Equipment Manufacturer Model No. Notes
Coal Boiler
Boiler Building Burnham 4HW 993 Estimated Input Rating: 7,200,000 BTU/hr
Main Boiler
Boiler Building Burnham HFW 563-A3450EF Estimated Input Rating: 5,235,000 BTU/hr
Elementary Boilers
(qty: 2) Weil McLain 78 Estimated Input Rating: 982,000 BTU/hr
Circ Pump 1 (qty: 2) Grundfos TP80-240 110 gpm
Circ Pump 2 Taco FL-2507 205 gpm
Circ Pump 3 Baldor JP 40-160 3/4 hp
Circ Pump 4 Grundfos TP 80-160 105 gpm
Circ Pump 5 (qty: 4) Grundfos UPC 80-160 set on speed 3
Circ Pump 6 Baldor 84Z01009 2 hp, 60 gpm
Circ Pump 7 Baldor 84Z01009 2 hp, 60 gpm
Circ Pump 8 Baldor 84Z01013 5 hp, 60 gpm
Circ Pump 9 Baldor 84Z01013 5 hp, 60 gpm
HS AHU-1 Supply Dayton 3KV83G 7.5 hp, 1866 rpm
HS AHU-1 Return AO Smith G39076801 5 hp, 656 rpm
HS AHU-2 Supply AO Smith 7850030103 25 hp, 1740 rpm
HS AHU-2 Return AO Smith E Plus 15 hp, 1750 rpm
HS AHU-3 Supply n/a n/a 5 hp
HS AHU-3 Return AO Smith E102 2hp, 1745 rpm
HS AHU-4 Supply AO Smith G39077301 10 hp, 1760 rpm
HS AHU-5 Supply Man Ei Severe Duty 5 hp, 1745 rpm
HS AHU-6 Supply AO Smith B39076701 3 hp, 1745 rpm
Elem. AHU-1 Baldor M3311T 7.5 hp, 1755 rpm
Elem. AHU-2 Baldor M3218T 5 hp, 1740 rpm
Elem. AHU-3 n/a n/a 3/4 hp
Energy Audit-Final Report
Tri-Valley School
Healy, Alaska
F:\00-Jobs\2011\2602 F - AHFC Grade Audits\50-300 Doyon Other Region\50-360 Denali Borough SD\50-364 Tri Valley School\Reports\Final\2012.07.09 Final AHFC
Report HRR Tri-Valley School.Docx
37
Lighting
Location Lighting Type Bulb Type Quantity KWH/YR Cost/YR
Hallway 102 103, 115, 116A, 116B,
T145, H107, 163, 164 Fluorescent T8 151 28,829 $ 4,901
102, 103, 104, 106, 108, 109, 110,
114, 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125,
127, 128, 130, 131, 132, 133, 134,
V106, 144, 168A & B, 169 A & B
Fluorescent T8 219 24,649 4,190
160- Gym Fluorescent T5 30 21,622 3,676
95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 112, 113, 123,
H100, V100, 137A, 137B, 135, 136,
129, 139, 140, Commons, H106,
H108, 161, 165
Fluorescent T8 109 18,140 3,084
101, 117, 118, 119, 130, 131, 132,
133, 134, V106, Commons Fluorescent T8 76 17,108 2,908
148, 149, 150 Fluorescent T8 26 13,626 2,316
94, Commons Metal Halide 250 W 24 13,131 2,232
Exterior HPS 150 W 14 10,354 1,760
Exterior HPS 150 W 10 7,396 1,257
Exterior HPS 200 W 6 5,897 1,002
Exterior HPS 100 W 8 3,971 675
Maintenance Shop Fluorescent T12 14 3,517 598
Boiler Building Fluorescent T12 5 3,321 565
92, 93, V101, C104, RAMD 101 Fluorescent CFL 23 2,420 411
142 Fluorescent T8 32 1,763 300
Maintenance Shop Fluorescent T8 9 1,615 275
Energy Consumption calculated by AkWarm based on wattage, schedule, and an electricity rate of $0.17/kWh
Plug Loads
Equipment Location Manufacturer KWH/YR Cost/YR
Head Bolt Heaters Exterior n/a 13,799 $ 2,346
4 Full Size Refrigerators Kitchen varies 8,000 1,360
Laptops (qty: 79) Classrooms varies 7,726 1,313
Steam Table Kitchen n/a 7,066 1,201
Heat Trace varies n/a 5,094 866
Computer Towers (qty: 31) School varies 4,850 825
Computer Monitors (qty: 30) Classrooms varies 2,347 399
Water Cooler/Heater Office n/a 2,192 373
Mini Fridges Classrooms varies 1,250 213
Coffee Maker Office Bunn 900 153
Hand Dryers Restrooms n/a 772 131
Smart Boards Classrooms Smart Board 741 126
Energy Consumption calculated by AkWarm based on wattage, schedule, and an electricity rate of $0.17/kWh
Energy Audit-Final Report
Tri-Valley School
Healy, Alaska
F:\00-Jobs\2011\2602 F - AHFC Grade Audits\50-300 Doyon Other Region\50-360 Denali Borough SD\50-364 Tri Valley School\Reports\Final\2012.07.09 Final AHFC
Report HRR Tri-Valley School.Docx
38
Appendix D Local Utility Rate Structure
The information in this section was provided directly from the local utility or gathered from the
local utility’s publicly available information at the time of the audit. All language used in this
section was provided by the local utility and believed to be current at the time of the audit.
Energy use terms, specific fees, and other specific information are subject to change. Updated
rate structure information should be gathered from the utility during future discussion of rates,
rate structures and utility pricing agreements.
Golden Valley Electric Rate Structure:
RATE TYPE(EX GS-1 General Service) Effective Rates***
Customer Charge $20.00
Utility Charge $0.08712 / kWh $0.19655 / kWh
***The effective rate is all of the charges totaled together and divided by the kilowatt hour used.
GVEA offers five different rates to its members, depending on the classification of the service
provided. The rates are divided into two categories: Residential and General Service (GS).
Eighty-five percent of the electric services on GVEA's system are single-family dwellings,
classified under the Residential rate. The four General Service rates apply to small and large
power users that do not qualify for the Residential rate.
The General Service rates break down as follows:
GS-1 General Service Services under 50 kilowatts (kW) of demand per billing
cycle
GS-2(S) Large General Service
Secondary
Services 50 kW and higher of demand per billing cycle
GS-2(P) Large General Service
Primary
Services at primary voltage
GS-3 Industrial Service Services at transmission voltage
Customer Charge
A flat fee that covers costs for meter reading, billing and customer service.
Utility Charge (kWh charge)
This charge is multiplied by the number of kilowatt-hours (kWh) used in a monthly billing period.
It covers the costs to maintain power plants and substations, interest on loans as well as wires,
power poles and transformers.
Energy Audit-Final Report
Tri-Valley School
Healy, Alaska
F:\00-Jobs\2011\2602 F - AHFC Grade Audits\50-300 Doyon Other Region\50-360 Denali Borough SD\50-364 Tri Valley School\Reports\Final\2012.07.09 Final AHFC
Report HRR Tri-Valley School.Docx
39
Fuel and Purchased Power
This charge is based on a combination of forecasted and actual power costs. The monthly
charge allows Golden Valley to pass on increases and decreases in fuel and energy purchases
to our members. It is calculated quarterly and multiplied by the kilowatt-hours used each month.
Regulatory Charge
This charge of .000492 per kWh is set by the Regulatory Commission of Alaska (RCA). Since
November 1, 1992, the Regulatory Commission of Alaska has been funded by a Regulatory
Charge to the utilities it regulates rather than through the State general fund. The charge,
labeled "Regulatory Cost Charge." on your bill, is set by the RCA, and applies to all retail
kilowatt-hours sold by regulated electric utilities in Alaska.
Energy Audit-Final Report
Tri-Valley School
Healy, Alaska
F:\00-Jobs\2011\2602 F - AHFC Grade Audits\50-300 Doyon Other Region\50-360 Denali Borough SD\50-364 Tri Valley School\Reports\Final\2012.07.09 Final AHFC
Report HRR Tri-Valley School.Docx
40
Appendix E Analysis Methodology
Data collected was processed using AkWarm energy use software to estimate current energy
consumption by end usage and calculate energy savings for each of the proposed energy
efficiency measures (EEMs). In addition, separate analysis may have been conducted to
evaluate EEMs that AkWarm cannot effectively model to evaluate potential reductions in annual
energy consumption. Analyses were conducted under the direct supervision of a Certified
Energy Auditor, Certified Energy Manager, or a Professional Engineer.
EEMs are evaluated based on building use, maintenance and processes, local climate
conditions, building construction type, function, operational schedule and existing conditions.
Energy savings are calculated based on industry standard methods and engineering
estimations. Each model created in AkWarm is carefully compared to existing utility usage
obtained from utility bills. The AkWarm analysis provides a number of tools for assessing the
cost effectiveness of various improvement options. The primary assessment value used in this
audit report is the Savings/Investment Ratio (SIR). The SIR is a method of cost analysis that
compares the total cost savings through reduced energy consumption to the total cost of a
project over its assumed lifespan, including both the construction cost and ongoing maintenance
and operating costs. Other measurement methods include Simple Payback, which is defined as
the length of time it takes for the savings to equal the total installed cost and Breakeven Cost,
which is defined as the highest cost that would yield a Savings/Investment Ratio of one.
EEMs are recommended by AkWarm in order of cost-effectiveness. AkWarm first calculates
individual SIRs for each EEM, and then ranks the EEMs by SIR, with higher SIRs at the top of
the list. An individual EEM must have a SIR greater than or equal to one in order to be
recommended by AkWarm . Next AkWarm modifies the building model to include the installation
of the first EEM and then re-simulates the energy use. Then the remaining EEMs are re-
evaluated and ranked again. AkWarm goes through this iterative process until all suggested
EEMs have been evaluated.
Under this iterative review process, the savings for each recommended EEM is calculated
based on the implementation of the other, more cost effective EEMs first. Therefore, the
implementation of one EEM affects the savings of other EEMs that are recommended later.
The savings from any one individual EEM may be relatively higher if the individual EEM is
implemented without the other recommended EEMs. For example, implementing a reduced
operating schedule for inefficient lighting may result in relatively higher savings than
implementing the same reduced operating schedule for newly installed lighting that is more
efficient. If multiple EEMs are recommended, AkWarm calculates a combined savings.
Inclusion of recommendations for energy savings outside the capability of AkWarm will impact
the actual savings from the AkWarm projections. This will almost certainly result in lower
energy savings and monetary savings from AkWarm recommendations. The reality is that only
so much energy is consumed in a building. Energy savings from one EEM reduces the amount
of energy that can be saved from additional EEMs. For example, installation of a lower wattage
light bulb does not save energy or money if the bulb is never turned on because of a schedule
or operational change at the facility.
Energy Audit-Final Report
Tri-Valley School
Healy, Alaska
F:\00-Jobs\2011\2602 F - AHFC Grade Audits\50-300 Doyon Other Region\50-360 Denali Borough SD\50-364 Tri Valley School\Reports\Final\2012.07.09 Final AHFC
Report HRR Tri-Valley School.Docx
41
Appendix F Audit Limitations
The results of this audit are dependent on the input data provided and can only act as an
approximation. In some instances, several EEMs or installation methods may achieve the
identified potential savings. Actual savings will depend on the EEM selected, the price of
energy, and the final installation and implementation methodology. Competent tradesmen and
professional engineers may be required to design, install, or otherwise implement some of the
recommended EEMs. This document is an energy use audit report and is not intended as a
final design document, operation, and maintenance manual, or to take the place of any
document provided by a manufacturer or installer of any device described in this report.
Cost savings are calculated based on estimated initial costs for each EEM. Estimated costs
include labor and equipment for the full up-front investment required to implement the EEM.
The listed installation costs within the report are conceptual budgetary estimates and should not
be used as design estimates. The estimated costs are derived from Means Cost Data, industry
publications, local contractors and equipment suppliers, and the professional judgment of the
CEA writing the report and based on the conditions at the time of the audit.
Cost and energy savings are approximations and are not guaranteed.
Additional significant energy savings can usually be found with more detailed auditing
techniques that include actual measurements of electrical use, temperatures in the building and
HVAC ductwork, intake and exhaust temperatures, motor runtime and scheduling, and infrared,
air leakage to name just a few. Implementation of these techniques is the difference between a
Level III Energy Audit and the Level II Audit that has been conducted.
Disclaimer: "This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the
United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor
any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability
or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus,
product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned
rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name,
trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement,
recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. The
views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the
United States Government or any agency thereof."
Energy Audit-Final Report
Tri-Valley School
Healy, Alaska
F:\00-Jobs\2011\2602 F - AHFC Grade Audits\50-300 Doyon Other Region\50-360 Denali Borough SD\50-364 Tri Valley School\Reports\Final\2012.07.09 Final AHFC
Report HRR Tri-Valley School.Docx
42
Appendix G References
Although not all documents listed below are specifically referenced in this report, each contains
information and insights considered valuable to most buildings.
Alaska Department of Education and Early Development; Education Support Services/Facilities.
(1999). Alaska School Facilities Preventative Maintenance Handbook. Juneau, AK: Alaska
Department of Education and Early Development.
Alaska Housing Finance Corportation. (2010). Retrofit Energy Assessment for Loans. AHFC.
ASHRAE. (1997). 1997 ASHRAE Handbook: Fundamentals. Atlanta, GA: ASHRAE.
ASHRAE. (2007). ASHRAE Standard 105-2007 Expressing and Comparing Building Energy
Performance. Retrieved from ASHRAE: www.ashrae.org
ASHRAE. (2007). ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2007 Energy Standards for buildings Except Low-Rise
Residential Buildings. Retrieved from ASHRAE: www.ashrae.org
ASHRAE. (2010). ASHRAE Standard 62.1-2010 Ventilaton for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality.
Retrieved from ASHRAE: www.ashrae.org
ASHRAE. (2010). ASHRAE Standard 62.2-2010 Ventilation and Acceptable Indoor Air Quality in
Low Rise Residential Buildings. Retrieved from ASHRAE: www.ashrae.org
ASHRAE RP-669 and SP-56. (2004). Procedures for Commercial Building Energy Audits. Atlanta,
GA: ASHRAE.
Coad, W. J. (1982). Energy Engineering and Management for Building Systems. Scarborough,
Ontario, Canada: Van Nostrand Reinhold Company.
Daley, D. T. (2008). The Little Black Book of Reliability Management. New York, NY: Industrial
Press, Inc.
Federal Energy Management Program. (2004, March 3). Demand Controlled Ventilation Using CO2
Sensors. Retrieved 2011, from US DOE Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy:
http://www.eere.energy.gov/femp/pdfs/fta_co2.pdf
Federal Energy Management Program. (2006, April 26). Low-Energy Building Design Guidelines.
Retrieved 2011, from Department of Energy; Federal Energy Management Program:
http://www.eren.doe.gov/femp/
Institute, E. a. (2004). Variable Speed Pumping: A Guide to Successful Applications. Oxford, UK:
Elsevier Advanced Technology.
International Code Council. (2009). International Energy Conservation Code. Country Club Hills, IL:
International Code Council, Inc.
Leach, M., Lobato, C., Hirsch, A., Pless, S., & Torcellini, P. (2010, September). Technical Support
Document: Strategies for 50% Energy Savings in Large Office Buildings. Retrieved 2011,
from National Renewable Energy Laboratory: http://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy10osti/49213.pdf
Thumann, P.E., C.E.M., A., Younger, C.E.M., W. J., & Niehus, P.E., C.E.M., T. (2010). Handbook of
Energy Audits Eighth Edition. Lilburn, GA: The Fairmont Press, Inc.
U.S. Energy Information Administration. (2006). Commercial Building Energy Consumption Survey
(CBECS). Retrieved 2011, from Energy Information Administration:
http://www.eia.gov/emeu/cbecs/
Energy Audit-Final Report
Tri-Valley School
Healy, Alaska
F:\00-Jobs\2011\2602 F - AHFC Grade Audits\50-300 Doyon Other Region\50-360 Denali Borough SD\50-364 Tri Valley School\Reports\Final\2012.07.09 Final AHFC
Report HRR Tri-Valley School.Docx
43
Appendix H Typical Energy Use and Cost – Fairbanks and Anchorage
This report provides data on typical energy costs and use on selected building in Fairbanks and
Anchorage, Alaska for comparative purposes only. The values provided by the US Energy
Information Administration CBECS study included a broader range of building types for the
Continental U.S. are not necessarily good comparatives for buildings and conditions in Alaska.
An assortment of values from CBECS may be found in Appendix I.
The Alaska data described in this report came from a benchmarking study NORTECH and other
Technical Services Providers (TSPs) completed on publicly owned buildings in Alaska under
contract with AHFC. This study acquired actual utility data for municipal buildings and schools
in Alaska for the two recent full years. The utility data included costs and quantities including
fuel oil, electricity, propane, wood, steam, and all other energy source usage. This resulted in a
database of approximately 900 buildings. During the course of the benchmarking study, the
comparisons made to the CBECS data appeared to be inappropriate for various reasons.
Therefore, this energy use audit report references the average energy use and energy cost of
Anchorage and Fairbanks buildings as described below.
The Alaska benchmarking data was evaluated in order to find valid comparison data. Buildings
with major energy use information missing were eliminated from the data pool. After detailed
scrutiny of the data, the most complete information was provided to NORTECH by the
Fairbanks North Star Borough School District (FNSBSD) and the Anchorage School District
(ASD). The data sets from these two sources included both the actual educational facilities as
well as the district administrative buildings and these are grouped together in this report as
Fairbanks and Anchorage schools. These two sources of information, being the most complete
and reasonable in-state information, have been used to identify an average annual energy
usage for Fairbanks and for Anchorage in order to provide a comparison for other facilities in
Alaska.
Several factors may limit the comparison of a specific facility to these regional indicators. In
Fairbanks, the FNSBSD generally uses number two fuel oil for heating needs and electricity is
provided by Golden Valley Electric Association (GVEA). GVEA produces electricity from a coal
fired generation plant with additional oil generation upon demand. A few of the FNSBSD
buildings in this selection utilize district steam and hot water. The FNSBSD has recently (the
last ten years) invested significantly in envelope and other efficiency upgrades to reduce their
operating costs. Therefore a reader should be aware that this selection of Fairbanks buildings
has energy use at or below average for the entire Alaska benchmarking database.
Heating in Anchorage is through natural gas from the nearby natural gas fields. Electricity is
also provided using natural gas. As the source is nearby and the infrastructure for delivery is in
place, energy costs are relatively low in the area. As a result, the ASD buildings have lower
energy costs, but higher energy use, than the average for the entire benchmarking database.
These special circumstances should be considered when comparing the typical annual energy
use for particular buildings.
Energy Audit-Final Report
Tri-Valley School
Healy, Alaska
F:\00-Jobs\2011\2602 F - AHFC Grade Audits\50-300 Doyon Other Region\50-360 Denali Borough SD\50-364 Tri Valley School\Reports\Final\2012.07.09 Final AHFC
Report HRR Tri-Valley School.Docx
44
Appendix I Typical Energy Use and Cost – Continental U.S.
Released: Dec 2006
Next CBECS will be conducted in 2007
Table C3. Consumption and Gross Energy Intensity for Sum of Major Fuels for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003
All Buildings* Sum of Major Fuel Consumption
Number of
Buildings
(thousand)
Floorspace
(million
square feet)
Floorspace
per Building
(thousand
square feet)
Total
(trillion
BTU)
per
Building
(million
BTU)
per
Square
Foot
(thousand
BTU)
per
Worker
(million
BTU)
All Buildings* 4,645 64,783 13.9 5,820 1,253 89.8 79.9
Building Floorspace (Square Feet)
1,001 to 5,000 2,552 6,789 2.7 672 263 98.9 67.6
5,001 to 10,000 889 6,585 7.4 516 580 78.3 68.7
10,001 to 25,000 738 11,535 15.6 776 1,052 67.3 72.0
25,001 to 50,000 241 8,668 35.9 673 2,790 77.6 75.8
50,001 to 100,000 129 9,057 70.4 759 5,901 83.8 90.0
100,001 to 200,000 65 9,064 138.8 934 14,300 103.0 80.3
200,001 to 500,000 25 7,176 289.0 725 29,189 101.0 105.3
Over 500,000 7 5,908 896.1 766 116,216 129.7 87.6
Principal Building Activity
Education 386 9,874 25.6 820 2,125 83.1 65.7
Food Sales 226 1,255 5.6 251 1,110 199.7 175.2
Food Service 297 1,654 5.6 427 1,436 258.3 136.5
Health Care 129 3,163 24.6 594 4,612 187.7 94.0
Inpatient 8 1,905 241.4 475 60,152 249.2 127.7
Outpatient 121 1,258 10.4 119 985 94.6 45.8
Lodging 142 5,096 35.8 510 3,578 100.0 207.5
Retail (Other Than Mall) 443 4,317 9.7 319 720 73.9 92.1
Office 824 12,208 14.8 1,134 1,376 92.9 40.3
Public Assembly 277 3,939 14.2 370 1,338 93.9 154.5
Public Order and Safety 71 1,090 15.5 126 1,791 115.8 93.7
Religious Worship 370 3,754 10.1 163 440 43.5 95.6
Service 622 4,050 6.5 312 501 77.0 85.0
Warehouse and Storage 597 10,078 16.9 456 764 45.2 104.3
Other 79 1,738 21.9 286 3,600 164.4 157.1
Vacant 182 2,567 14.1 54 294 20.9 832.1
This report references the Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey (CBECS), published by the U.S.
Energy Information Administration in 2006. Initially this report was expected to compare the annual energy
consumption of the building to average national energy usage as documented below. However, a direct comparison
between one specific building and the groups of buildings outlined below yielded confusing results. Instead, this
report uses a comparative analysis on Fairbanks and Anchorage data as described in Appendix F. An abbreviated
excerpt from CBECS on commercial buildings in the Continental U.S. is below.
Energy Audit-Final Report
Tri-Valley School
Healy, Alaska
F:\00-Jobs\2011\2602 F - AHFC Grade Audits\50-300 Doyon Other Region\50-360 Denali Borough SD\50-364 Tri Valley School\Reports\Final\2012.07.09 Final AHFC
Report HRR Tri-Valley School.Docx
45
Appendix J List of Conversion Factors and Energy Units
1 British Thermal Unit is the energy required to raise one pound of water one degree F°
1 Watt is approximately 3.412 BTU/hr
1 horsepower is approximately 2,544 BTU/hr
1 horsepower is approximately 746 Watts
1 "ton of cooling” is approximately 12,000 BTU/hr, the amount of power required to
melt one short ton of ice in 24 hours
1 Therm = 100,000 BTU
1 KBTU = 1,000 BTU
1 KWH = 3413 BTU
1 KW = 3413 BTU/Hr
1 Boiler HP = 33,400 BTU/Hr
1 Pound Steam = approximately 1000 BTU
1 CCF of natural gas = approximately 1 Therm
1 inch H2O = 250 Pascal (Pa) = 0.443 pounds/square inch (psi)
1 atmosphere (atm) = 10,1000 Pascal (Pa)
BTU British Thermal Unit
CCF 100 Cubic Feet
CFM Cubic Feet per Minute
GPM Gallons per minute
HP Horsepower
Hz Hertz
kg Kilogram (1,000 grams)
kV Kilovolt (1,000 volts)
kVA Kilovolt-Amp
kVAR Kilovolt-Amp Reactive
KW Kilowatt (1,000 watts)
KWH Kilowatt Hour
V Volt
W Watt
Energy Audit-Final Report
Tri-Valley School
Healy, Alaska
F:\00-Jobs\2011\2602 F - AHFC Grade Audits\50-300 Doyon Other Region\50-360 Denali Borough SD\50-364 Tri Valley School\Reports\Final\2012.07.09 Final AHFC
Report HRR Tri-Valley School.Docx
46
Appendix K List of Acronyms, Abbreviations, and Definitions
ACH Air Changes per Hour
AFUE Annual Fuel Utilization Efficiency
Air Economizer A duct, damper, and automatic control system that
allows a cooling system to supply outside air to reduce
or eliminate the need for mechanical cooling.
Ambient Temperature Average temperature of the surrounding air
Ballast A device used with an electric discharge lamp to cause
the lamp to start and operate under the proper circuit
conditions of voltage, current, electrode heat, etc.
CO2 Carbon Dioxide
CUI Cost Utilization Index
CDD Cooling Degree Days
DDC Direct Digital Control
EEM Energy Efficiency Measure
EER Energy Efficient Ratio
EUI Energy Utilization Index
FLUOR Fluorescent
Grade The finished ground level adjoining a building at the
exterior walls
HDD Heating Degree Days
HVAC Heating, Ventilation, and Air-Conditioning
INCAN Incandescent
NPV Net Present Value
R-value Thermal resistance measured in BTU/Hr-SF-̊F (Higher
value means better insulation)
SCFM Standard Cubic Feet per Minute
Savings to Investment Ratio (SIR) Savings over the life of the EEM divided by Investment
capital cost. Savings includes the total discounted dollar
savings considered over the life of the improvement.
Investment in the SIR calculation includes the labor and
materials required to install the measure.
Set Point Target temperature that a control system operates the
heating and cooling system
Simple payback A cost analysis method whereby the investment cost of
an EEM is divided by the first year’s savings of the EEM
to give the number of years required to recover the cost
of the investment.
ACH Air Changes per Hour
Energy Audit-Final Report
Tri-Valley School
Healy, Alaska
F:\00-Jobs\2011\2602 F - AHFC Grade Audits\50-300 Doyon Other Region\50-360 Denali Borough SD\50-364 Tri Valley School\Reports\Final\2012.07.09 Final AHFC
Report HRR Tri-Valley School.Docx
47
Appendix L Building Floor Plan
Floor plan provided by Denali Borough School District
Energy Audit-Final Report
Tri-Valley School
Healy, Alaska
F:\00-Jobs\2011\2602 F - AHFC Grade Audits\50-300 Doyon Other Region\50-360 Denali Borough SD\50-364 Tri Valley School\Reports\Final\2012.07.09 Final AHFC
Report HRR Tri-Valley School.Docx
48
Appendix M Energy Balance for Denali Borough School District Buildings in Healy