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KONI-ADQ-CAEC Kodiak Middle School 2012-EE
Kodiak Middle School 200 Benny Benson Blvd Kodiak, Alaska 99615 AkWarm ID No. KONI-ADQ-CAEC-02 Submitted by: Central Alaska Engineering Company Contact: Jerry P. Herring, P.E., C.E.A. 32215 Lakefront Drive Soldotna, Alaska 99669 Phone (907) 260-5311 akengineer@starband.net June 30, 2012 CENTRAL ALASKA ENGINEERING COMPANY KODIAK MIDDLE SCHOOL ENERGY AUDIT REPORT AkWarm ID No. KONI‐ADQ‐CAEC‐02 PAGE i OF iv CENTRAL ALASKA ENGINEERING COMPANY KODIAK MIDDLE SCHOOL ENERGY AUDIT REPORT AkWarm ID No. KONI‐ADQ‐CAEC‐02 PAGE ii OF iv CENTRAL ALASKA ENGINEERING COMPANY KODIAK MIDDLE SCHOOL ENERGY AUDIT REPORT AkWarm ID No. KONI‐ADQ‐CAEC‐02 PAGE iii OF iv AEE ...................................................................................................................... Association of Energy Engineers AHFC ........................................................................................................... Alaska Housing Finance Corporation AHU .............................................................................................................................................. Air Handling Unit ARIS ............................................................................................................... Alaska Retrofit Information System ARRA .................................................................................................. American Recovery and Reinvestment Act ASHRAE .................................. American Society of Heating, Refrigeration, and Air-Conditioning Engineers BPO .................................................................................................................................... Building Plant Operator BTU ......................................................................................................................................... British Thermal Unit CAEC ......................................................................................................... Central Alaska Engineering Company CCF .................................................................................................................................... Hundreds of Cubic Feet CFL ......................................................................................................................................... Compact Fluorescent CFM ...................................................................................................................................... Cubic Feet per Minute DDC ........................................................................................................................................ Direct Digital Control Deg F .......................................................................................................................................... Degrees Fahrenheit DHW ........................................................................................................................................ Domestic Hot Water ECI .............................................................................................................................................. Energy Cost Index EEM .............................................................................................................................. Energy Efficiency Measure EMCS ........................................................................................................... Energy Management Control System EPA ................................................................................................................... Environmental Protection Agency EUI .................................................................................................................................... Energy Utilization Index HR(s) .............................................................................................................................................................. Hour(s) HP ........................................................................................................................................................... Horsepower HPS ........................................................................................................................................ High Pressure Sodium HVAC ................................................................................................. Heating, Ventilation, and Air-Conditioning IES ....................................................................................................................... Illuminating Engineering Society IGA ..................................................................................................................................... Investment Grade Audit kBtu ................................................................................................................ Thousands of British Thermal Units KIBSD ....................................................................................................... Kodiak Island Borough School District kWh .................................................................................................................................................... Kilowatt Hour LED ......................................................................................................................................... Light Emitting Diode ORNL .................................................................................................................... Oak Ridge National Laboratory SF ............................................................................................................................................................. Square Feet SIR ............................................................................................................................... Savings to Investment Ratio SP ...................................................................................................................................................... Simple Payback W ....................................................................................................................................................................... Watts CENTRAL ALASKA ENGINEERING COMPANY KODIAK MIDDLE SCHOOL ENERGY AUDIT REPORT AkWarm ID No. KONI‐ADQ‐CAEC‐02 PAGE iv OF iv This Investment Grade Audit (IGA) was performed using American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) funds, managed by Alaska Housing Finance Corporation (AHFC). IGA’s are the property of the State of Alaska, and may be incorporated into AkWarm-C, the Alaska Retrofit Information System (ARIS), or other state and/or public information systems. AkWarm-C is a building energy modeling software developed under contract by AHFC. This material is based upon work supported by the Department of Energy under Award Number DE- EE0000095. This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof. This energy audit is intended to identify and recommend potential areas of energy savings, estimate the value of the savings and approximate the costs to implement the recommendations. Any modifications or changes made to a building to realize the savings must be designed and implemented by licensed, experienced professionals in their fields. Lighting recommendations should all be first analyzed through a thorough lighting analysis to assure that the recommended lighting upgrades will comply with State of Alaska Statute as well as Illuminating Engineering Society (IES) recommendations. Central Alaska Engineering Company bears no responsibility for work performed as a result of this report. Payback periods may vary from those forecasted due to the uncertainty of the final installed design, configuration, equipment selected, and installation costs of recommended Energy Efficiency Measures (EEMs), or the operating schedules and maintenance provided by the owner. Furthermore, EEMs are typically interactive, so implementation of one EEM may impact the cost savings from another EEM. Neither the auditor, Central Alaska Engineering Company, AHFC, nor any other party involved in preparation of this report accepts liability for financial loss due to EEMs that fail to meet the forecasted payback periods. This energy audit meets the criteria of a Level 2 IGA per the American Society of Heating, Refrigeration, Air-conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE). The life of the IGA may be extended on a case- by-case basis, at the discretion of AHFC. CENTRAL ALASKA ENGINEERING COMPANY KODIAK MIDDLE SCHOOL ENERGY AUDIT REPORT AkWarm ID No. KONI‐ADQ‐CAEC‐02 PAGE 1 OF 26 This report presents the findings of an investment grade energy audit conducted for: Kodiak Island Borough School District Contact: Gregg Hacker 200 Benny Bensen Blvd. Kodiak, AK 99615 Email: ghacker01@kibsd.org Alaska Housing Finance Corporation Contact: Rebekah Luhrs 4300 Boniface Parkway Anchorage, AK 99510 Email: rluhrs@ahfc.us This audit was performed using ARRA funds to promote the use of innovation and technology to solve energy and environmental problems in a way that improves the State’s economy. This can be achieved through the wiser and more efficient use of energy. The purpose of the energy audit is to identify cost-effective system and facility modifications, adjustments, alterations, additions and retrofits. Systems investigated during the audit included heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC), interior and exterior lighting, motors, building envelope, and energy management control systems (EMCS). The July 2008 – June 2010 average annual utility costs at this facility are as follows: Electricity $ 139,069 Fuel Oil $ 61,118 Total $ 200,187 Energy Utilization Index: 106.6 kBtu/sf Energy Cost Index: 3.29 $/sf The potential annual energy savings are shown on the following page in Table 1.1 which summarizes the Energy Efficiency Measures (EEM’s) analyzed for Kodiak Middle School. Listed are the estimates of the annual savings, installed cost, and two different financial measures of return on investment. Be aware that the measures are not cumulative because of the interrelation of several of the measures. The cost of each measure for this level of auditing is considered to be + 30% until further detailed engineering, specifications, and hard proposals are obtained. CENTRAL ALASKA ENGINEERING COMPANY KODIAK MIDDLE SCHOOL ENERGY AUDIT REPORT AkWarm ID No. KONI‐ADQ‐CAEC‐02 PAGE 2 OF 26 PRIORITY LIST – ENERGY EFFICIENCY MEASURES Rank Feature Improvement Description Annual Energy Savings Installed Cost1 Savings to Investment Ratio, SIR2 Simple Payback (Years)3 1 Clothes Dryer Change to a multi - Cycle Dryer Including Air drying with humidity control option $7 $900 2.75 121.5 2 Ventilation Add Variable Frequency Drives. Add temperature control loop to control fan speed $5,247 $19,000 2.49 3.6 3 HVAC And DHW Remove and replace Burners and Burner Controls on (2) Boilers $3,903 $35,063 2.36 9.0 4 Other Electrical: Vending Machines - Cold Pop Replace with 2 Vending Machines and Improve Clock Timer or Other Scheduling Control, Other Controls $170 $710 2.29 4.2 5 Setback Thermostat: Kodiak Middle School Implement a Heating Temperature Unoccupied Setback to 60.0 deg F for the Kodiak Middle School space $7,860 $52,583 2.03 6.7 6 Occupancy Room Light & Daylight Controllers 42 Rooms Remove Manual Switching and Add new occupancy and daylight sensor $10,555 $63,000 1.09 6.0 TOTAL, cost- effective measures $27,743 $171,256 1.81 6.2 7 Refrigeration: Refrigerator K-12E Replace with Refrigerator $10 $2,500 0.65 248.1 8 Building Window Replace existing single pane windows with triple pane, low-E, argon window $615 $18,181 0.59 29.6 9 Lighting: Classroom T- 12 4' 40W Replace with 8 FLUOR T8 4' F32T8 32W Standard Instant High Efficiency Electronic and Controls retrofit $66 $22,640 0.57 343.9 10 Air Tightening Perform air sealing to reduce air leakage by 3%. $461 $10,000 0.43 21.7 11 Lighting: Lower Hall Emergency Lights Replace with 5 FLUOR T8 4' F32T8 28W Energy-Saver Instant High Efficiency Electronic $202 $12,000 0.36 59.5 12 Lighting: Classroom 2 Bulb T12 4' Replace with 64 FLUOR (2) T8 4' F32T8 32W Standard Instant High Efficiency Electronic and Remove Manual Switching and Add new Occupancy Sensor $1,132 $68,500 0.36 60.5 13 Lighting: Classroom T12 4' 40W Replace with 168 FLUOR T8 4' F32T8 32W Standard Instant High Efficiency Electronic and Remove Manual Switching and Add new Occupancy Sensor $1,505 $116,465 0.35 77.4 CENTRAL ALASKA ENGINEERING COMPANY KODIAK MIDDLE SCHOOL ENERGY AUDIT REPORT AkWarm ID No. KONI‐ADQ‐CAEC‐02 PAGE 3 OF 26 PRIORITY LIST – ENERGY EFFICIENCY MEASURES Rank Feature Improvement Description Annual Energy Savings Installed Cost1 Savings to Investment Ratio, SIR2 Simple Payback (Years)3 14 Lighting: Gym Temp Lights 2 Bulb 95 W Replace with 16 FLUOR (2) T8 8' F96T8/HO 86W Standard Instant High Efficiency Electronic and Remove Manual Switching and Add new Occupancy Sensor $263 $38,800 0.33 147.3 15 Lighting: Class Room Flour T8-4' 32W Replace with 573 FLUOR T8 4' F32T8 32W Standard Instant High Efficiency Electronic and Remove Manual Switching and Add new Occupancy Sensor $5,132 $374,000 0.24 72.9 16 Lighting: Lower Hall Lights Replace with 20 FLUOR T8 4' F32T8 32W Standard Instant High Efficiency Electronic and Remove Manual Switching and Add new Occupancy Sensor $179 $54,200 0.18 302.6 17 Lighting: Occupancy Room Light Controllers 42 Rooms Replace with 111 FLUOR (3) T8 4' F32T8 30W Energy- Saver (2) Instant High Efficiency Electronic $924 $100,800 0.09 109.1 TOTAL, all measures $38,231 $989,342 0.54 25.9 Table Notes: 1. Cost estimates were generated using the Program Demand Cost Model for Alaskan Schools, 12th Edition, Updated 2011, developed for the State of Alaska DOE, Education Support Services/Facilities. Renovations Projects Manual provides information on school renovation costs. 2. Savings to Investment Ratio (SIR) is a life-cycle cost measure calculated by dividing the total savings over the life of a project (expressed in today’s dollars) by its investment costs. The SIR is an indication of the profitability of a measure; the higher the SIR, the more profitable the project. An SIR greater than 1.0 indicates a cost-effective project (i.e. more savings than cost). Remember that this profitability is based on the position of that Energy Efficiency Measure (EEM) in the overall list and assumes that the measures above it are implemented first. 3. Simple Payback (SP) is a measure of the length of time required for the savings from an EEM to payback the investment cost, not counting interest on the investment and any future changes in energy prices. It is calculated by dividing the investment cost by the expected first-year savings of the EEM. CENTRAL ALASKA ENGINEERING COMPANY KODIAK MIDDLE SCHOOL ENERGY AUDIT REPORT AkWarm ID No. KONI‐ADQ‐CAEC‐02 PAGE 4 OF 26 With all of these energy efficiency measures in place, the annual utility cost can be reduced by $38,231 per year, or 19.1% of the buildings’ total energy costs. These measures are estimated to cost $989,342, for an overall simple payback period of 25.9 years. If only the measures are implemented with an SIR > 1.0, the annual utility cost can be reduced by $27,743 per year, or 13.9% of the buildings’ total energy cost. These measures are estimated to cost $171,256 for an overall simple payback period of 6.2 years. Table 1.2 below is a breakdown of the annual energy cost across various energy end use types, such as Space Heating and Water Heating. The first row in the table shows the breakdown for the building as it is now. The second row shows the expected breakdown of energy cost for the building assuming all of the retrofits in this report are implemented. Finally, the last row shows the annual energy savings that will be achieved from the retrofits. Annual Energy Cost Estimate Description Space Heating Space Cooling Water Heating Lighting Refriger ation Other Electrical Cooking Clothes Drying Ventilation Fans Total Cost Existing Building $68,104 $0 $12,850 $36,238 $3,898 $44,453 $16,888 $414 $17,791 $200,637 With All Proposed Retrofits $61,973 $0 $14,167 $16,282 $3,888 $44,154 $16,888 $407 $4,648 $162,407 SAVINGS $6,131 $0 -$1,317 $19,957 $10 $299 $0 $7 $13,143 $38,231 CENTRAL ALASKA ENGINEERING COMPANY KODIAK MIDDLE SCHOOL ENERGY AUDIT REPORT AkWarm ID No. KONI‐ADQ‐CAEC‐02 PAGE 5 OF 26 While the intent of many Energy Efficiency Measures is to increase the efficiency of fuel-burning and electrical equipment, an important factor of energy consumption lies in the operational profiles which control the equipment usage. Such profiles can be managed by administrative controls and departmental leadership. They determine how and when equipment is used, and therefore have a greater impact on energy savings potential than simple equipment upgrades alone. Significant energy cost savings can be realized when EEMs are combined with efficient minded operational profiles. Operational profiles may be outlined by organization policy or developed naturally or historically. These profiles include, but are not limited to; operating schedules, equipment set-points and control strategies, maintenance schedules, and site and equipment selection. Optimization of operational profiles can be accomplished by numerous methods so long as the intent is reduction in energy-using equipment runtime. Due to the numerous methods of optimization, energy cost savings solely as a result of operational optimization are difficult to predict. Quantification, however, is easy to accomplish by metering energy usage during and/or after implementation of energy saving operational profiles and EEMs. Optimization of site selection includes scheduling and location of events. If several buildings in a given area are all lightly used after regularly occupied hours, energy savings can be found when after-hour events are consolidated and held within the most energy efficient buildings available for use. As a result, unoccupied buildings could be shut-down to the greatest extent possible to reduce energy consumption. Operational behaviors which can be combined with equipment upgrades are operating schedules and equipment control strategies including set-points. Occupancy and daylight sensors can be programmed to automatically shut-off or dim lighting when rooms are unoccupied or sufficiently lit from the sun. Operating schedules can be optimized to run equipment only during regular or high-occupancy periods. Also, through a central control system, or with digital programmable thermostats, temperature set-points can be reduced during low-occupancy hours to maximize savings. In addition, domestic hot water circulation systems and sporadically used equipment can be shut-down during unoccupied hours to further save energy. In general, having equipment operating in areas where no occupants are present is inefficient, and presents an opportunity for energy savings. Operational profiles can also be implemented to take advantage of no or low cost EEMs. Examples include heating system optimizations (boiler section cleaning, boiler flush-through cleaning, and completing preventative maintenance on outside air damper and temperature reset systems) and tighter controls of equipment set-backs and shut-downs (unoccupied zones equipment shut-down, easier access to and finer control of equipment for after-hours control). In a large facility management program, implementation of these measures across many or all sites will realize dramatic savings due to the quantity of equipment involved. Changes to building operational profiles can only be realized while simultaneously addressing health, safety, user comfort, and user requirements first. It is impractical to expect users to occupy a building or implement operational behaviors which do not meet such considerations. That said, it is quite practical for management groups to implement administrative controls which reduce losses brought about by excess and sub-optimum usage. CENTRAL ALASKA ENGINEERING COMPANY KODIAK MIDDLE SCHOOL ENERGY AUDIT REPORT AkWarm ID No. KONI‐ADQ‐CAEC‐02 PAGE 6 OF 26 This comprehensive energy audit covers the 60,876 square foot Kodiak Middle School, depicted below in Figure 2.1, including classrooms, gymnasium, restrooms, administrative offices and IT department. Utility information was collected and analyzed for two years of energy use by the building. This information was used to analyze operational characteristics, calculate energy benchmarks for comparison to industry averages, estimate savings potential and establish a baseline to monitor the effectiveness of implemented measures. An excel spreadsheet was used to enter, sum, and calculate benchmarks and to graph energy use information (refer to Appendix A for the Benchmark Report). The Annual Energy Utilization Index (EUI) is expressed in Thousands of British Thermal Units/Square Foot (kBtu/sf) and can be used to compare energy consumption to similar building types or to track consumption from year to year in the same building. The EUI is calculated by converting annual consumption of all fuels used to Btu’s then dividing by the area (gross conditioned square footage) of the building. EUI is a good indicator of the relative potential for energy savings. A comparatively low EUI indicates less potential for large energy savings. Building architectural, mechanical and electrical drawings were utilized to calculate and verify the gross area of the facility. The gross area was confirmed on the physical site investigation. Refer to Section 6.0 of this report for additional details on EUI issues. CENTRAL ALASKA ENGINEERING COMPANY KODIAK MIDDLE SCHOOL ENERGY AUDIT REPORT AkWarm ID No. KONI‐ADQ‐CAEC‐02 PAGE 7 OF 26 After gathering the utility data and calculating the EUI, the next step in the audit process was to review the drawings to develop a building profile which documented the building age, type, usage, and major energy consuming equipment or systems such as lighting, heating, ventilation and air condition (HVAC), domestic hot water heating, refrigeration, snow-melt, etc. The building profile is utilized to generate, and answer, possible questions regarding the facility’s energy usage. These questions were then compared to the energy usage profiles developed during the utility data gathering step. After this information is gathered, the next step in the process is the physical site investigation (site visit). The site visit was completed on July 12, 2011 and was spent inspecting the actual systems and answering specific questions from the preliminary review. Occupancy schedules, O&M practices, building energy management program, and other information that has an impact on energy consumption were obtained. Photos of the major equipment and building construction were taken during the site visit. Several of the site photos are included in this report as Appendix D. The post-site work includes evaluation of the information gathered during the site visits, developing the AkWarm-C Energy Model for the building, researching possible conservation opportunities, organizing the audit into a comprehensive report, and making recommendations on mechanical, electrical and building envelope improvements. CENTRAL ALASKA ENGINEERING COMPANY KODIAK MIDDLE SCHOOL ENERGY AUDIT REPORT AkWarm ID No. KONI‐ADQ‐CAEC‐02 PAGE 8 OF 26 Central Alaska Engineering Company (CAEC) began the site survey after completing the preliminary audit tasks noted in Section 2.0. The site survey provided critical input in deciphering where energy opportunities exist within the facility. The audit team walked the entire site to inventory the building envelope (roof, walls, windows and doors, etc.), the major equipment including HVAC, water heating, lighting, and equipment in kitchens, offices, gymnasium, and classrooms. The site survey was used to determine an understanding of how the equipment is used. The collected data was entered into the AkWarm-C Commercial© Software (AkWarm-C), a building energy modeling program developed for Alaska Housing Finance Corporation (AHFC). The data was processed by AkWarm-C to model a baseline from which energy efficiency measures (EEMs) could be considered. The model was compared to actual utility costs to ensure the quality of baseline and proposed energy modeling performed by AkWarm-C. The recommended EEMs focus on the building envelope, HVAC systems, water heating, lighting, and other electrical improvements that will reduce annual energy consumption. EEMs are evaluated based on building use and processes, local climate conditions, building construction type, function, operational schedule, existing conditions, and foreseen future plans. Energy savings are calculated based on industry standard methods and engineering estimations. When new equipment is proposed, energy consumption is calculated based on the manufacturer’s information where possible. Energy savings are calculated by AkWarm-C. Implementation of more than one EEM often affects the savings of other EEMs. The savings may in some cases be relatively higher if an individual EEM is implemented in lieu of multiple recommended EEMs. For example, implementing reduced operating schedule for specific inefficient lighting systems will result in a greater relative savings than merely replacing fixtures and bulbs. Implementing reduced operating schedules for newly installed efficient lighting will result in a lower relative savings, because there is less energy to be saved. If multiple EEM’s are recommended to be implemented, the combined savings is calculated and identified appropriately. Cost savings are calculated based on the historical energy costs for the building. Cost estimates were generated using the Program Demand Cost Model for Alaskan Schools, 12th Edition, Updated 2011, developed for the State of Alaska DOE, Education Support Services/Facilities. Renovations Projects Manual provides information on school renovation costs. The Geographic Area Cost Factor dated April 2011 for the Kodiak Middle School has an index of 112.4 and was used in this report. Installation costs include design, labor, equipment, overhead and profit for school renovation projects and used to evaluate the initial investment required to implement an EEM. These are applied to each recommendation with simple paybacks calculated. In addition, where applicable, maintenance cost savings are estimated and applied to the net savings. The costs and savings are applied and a Simple Payback (SP) and Savings to Investment Ration (SIR) are calculated. These are listed in Section 7.0 and summarized in Table 1.1 of this report. The SP is based on the years that it takes for the net savings to payback the net installation cost (Cost divided by Savings). The SIR is calculated as a ratio by dividing the break even cost by the initial installed cost. The lifetime for each EEM is estimated based on the typical life of the equipment being replaced or altered. The energy savings is extrapolated throughout the lifetime of the EEM. The total energy savings is calculated as the total lifetime multiplied by the yearly savings. CENTRAL ALASKA ENGINEERING COMPANY KODIAK MIDDLE SCHOOL ENERGY AUDIT REPORT AkWarm ID No. KONI‐ADQ‐CAEC‐02 PAGE 9 OF 26 The analysis provides a number of tools for assessing the cost effectiveness of various improvement options. These tools utilize Life-Cycle Costing, which is defined in this context as a method of cost analysis that estimates the total cost of a project over the period of time that includes both the construction cost and ongoing maintenance and operating costs. Savings to Investment Ratio (SIR) = Savings divided by Investment Savings includes the total discounted dollar savings considered over the life of the improvement. When these savings are added up, changes in future fuel prices (usually inflationary) as projected by the Alaska Department of Energy are included in the model. Future savings are discounted to the present to account for the time-value of money (i.e. money’s ability to earn interest over time). The Investment in the SIR calculation includes the labor and materials required to install the measure. An SIR value of at least 1.0 indicates that the project is cost-effective - total savings exceed the investment costs. Simple payback is a cost analysis method whereby the investment cost of a project is divided by the first year’s savings of the project to give the number of years required to recover the cost of the investment. This may be compared to the expected time before replacement of the system or component will be required. For example, if a boiler costs $50,000 and results in a savings of $5,000 a year, the payback time is 10 years. If the boiler has an expected life to replacement of 20 years, it would be financially viable to make the investment since the payback period of 10 years is less than the project life. The Simple Payback calculation does not consider likely increases in future annual savings due to energy price increases. As an offsetting simplification, Simple Payback does not consider the need to earn interest on the investment (i.e. it does not consider the time-value of money). Because of these simplifications, the SIR figure is considered to be a better financial investment indicator than the Simple Payback measure. CENTRAL ALASKA ENGINEERING COMPANY KODIAK MIDDLE SCHOOL ENERGY AUDIT REPORT AkWarm ID No. KONI‐ADQ‐CAEC‐02 PAGE 10 OF 26 All results are dependent on the quality of input data provided. In this case the site investigation was limited to observable conditions. No testing or destructive investigations were undertaken. Although energy-conserving methods are described in the EEMs, in some instances several methods may also achieve the identified savings. Detailed engineering is required in order to develop the EEMs to a realizable project. This audit and report are thus intended to offer approximations of the results achievable by the listed improvements. This report is not intended to be a final design document. The design professional or other persons following the recommendations shall accept responsibility and liability for the results. An accurate model of the building performance can be created by simulating the thermal performance of the walls, roof, windows and floors of the building. The HVAC system and central plant are modeled as well, accounting for the outside air ventilation required by the building and the heat recovery equipment in place. The model uses local weather data and is trued up to historical energy use to ensure its accuracy. The model can be used now and in the future to measure the utility bill impact of all types of energy projects, including improving building insulation, modifying glazing, changing air handler schedules, increasing heat recovery, installing high efficiency boilers, using variable air volume air handlers, adjusting outside air ventilation and adding cogeneration systems. For the purposes of this study, Kodiak Middle School was modeled using AkWarm-C energy use software to establish a baseline space heating and cooling energy usage. Climate data from the city of Kodiak, Alaska was used for analysis. From this, the model was be calibrated to predict the impact of theoretical energy savings measures. Once annual energy savings from a particular measure were predicted and the initial capital cost was estimated, payback scenarios were approximated. Project cost estimates are provided in the Section 7.0 of this report reviewing the Energy Efficiency Measures. Limitations of the AkWarm-C Commercial© Software are reviewed in this section. The AkWarm-C model is based on typical mean year weather data for Kodiak, Alaska. This data represents the average ambient weather profile as observed over approximately 30 years. As such, the fuel oil and electric profiles generated will not likely compare perfectly with actual energy billing information from any single year. This is especially true for years with extreme warm or cold periods, or even years with unexpectedly moderate weather. The heating and cooling load model is a simple two-zone model consisting of the building’s core interior spaces and the building’s perimeter spaces. This simplified approach loses accuracy for buildings that have large variations in cooling/heating loads across different parts of the building. AkWarm-C does not model HVAC systems that simultaneously provide both heating and cooling to the same building space (typically done as a means of providing temperature control in the space). The energy balances shown were derived from the output generated by the AkWarm-C simulations. CENTRAL ALASKA ENGINEERING COMPANY KODIAK MIDDLE SCHOOL ENERGY AUDIT REPORT AkWarm ID No. KONI‐ADQ‐CAEC‐02 PAGE 11 OF 26 The original structure of Kodiak Middle School was a single story structure which now has grown to a tri-level facility. The first part of the school was built in mid 1950’s as an elementary school. Then architecturally, the building was tripled in size by the addition of a two story section in mid-1980. This new expanded structure was converted to a middle school. This building has been continually renovated, improved structurally and modernized to meet the ever changing demands of an educational institution. Renovation and upgrading projects affecting this report include the following. redesign of the structure to meet current seismic standards, redesigning the roof insulation system, providing for a higher quality roof assembly, upgrading the power distribution buss from 600 to 2,000 Amp, modernizing the two oil fired boilers and burner control systems, upgrading and replacing windows to triple pane. updating kitchen appliances and kitchen ventilation system, updating the utility capacity and instrument air drying system, updating the domestic hot water system The school is typically used for teaching and training students from 8AM to 5PM during the weekdays. However, other rental uses including a number of after school programs are accommodated. Lunch is prepared and served in the modern kitchen. There are additional after hour supervised activities utilizing portions of the school’s facilities, such as athletics and the gym, extracurricular activities occasionally in the evenings using common room and classroom areas. There are a reported 575 full time students and staff using the building. A portion of the building is used year round by IT department maintaining computers and higher technology equipment used by the KIBSD. The major activity of the building is the 9AM to 4PM teaching hours of the student body. Janitorial services are typically from 5PM and concluded by 11PM. The janitorial staff operates the lights as convenient. Typically, all building lights are turned on while janitorial tasks are being undertaken. The building’s ventilation equipment is designed to be shut down when students vacate the building by 5PM each school day. The baseboard circulating hot water heating system is set back to maintain 65oF room temperature after normal school hours. After the janitorial staff completes their work, all building lights are turned off except those lights designated as minimum safety lights which are on a 24/7 light circuit. As architectural drawings were available for this audit, shell insulation values were modeled using the information from the drawings. No destructive testing was completed for the audit to verify insulation values. The following are the assumptions made for the AkWarm-C building model: Exterior walls of the building have triple paned metal framed windows in place and have an estimated U-factor of 0.42 Btu/(hr-ft2-oF). Most of these windows appear to be in good condition. A few were noted to have broken seals causing condensation stains between the panes. There are single pane windows in the old section of the building attached to the high school. These windows are good candidates for replacement to more modern efficient windows. CENTRAL ALASKA ENGINEERING COMPANY KODIAK MIDDLE SCHOOL ENERGY AUDIT REPORT AkWarm ID No. KONI‐ADQ‐CAEC‐02 PAGE 12 OF 26 The exterior walls of the school consist of 8-inch poured concrete walls, strapped with 2x4 studs on 16 inch centers with fiberglass batt insulation in place having an estimated R-11 value. The concrete walls form the exterior of the building from the ground level to the bottom of a fabricated soffit. The concrete wall height varies between 9 to 20 feet. The 9 foot high section corresponds to the single story sections. The 20 foot section corresponds to the 2 story sections of the building. The soffit extends from the roof’s edge outward forming a box beam and eve around building. The soffit has decorative steel facing around the building. The soffit forms a roof extension of an average of 3 feet and encloses an average of 9 square feet. The roof system of the school was renovated. The existing insulation thickness is an average equivalent of 5.5 inches of EPS foam over a seal coated ¾ inch thick solid wood sheathing with a sheet metal protective outer cover. The older portion of the school complex was constructed using 4x8 inch thick solid T&G wood. The overall roof structure has been modeled with a R-44.5 value. The floor/foundation of the building is a concrete slab-below grade configuration. The school was constructed on a hill with the school terraced into that hill. Approximately 2,050 SF (8%) of the school’s outer wall is buried below grade. The concrete slab edge is not insulated nor is that portion of the wall that is below grade externally insulated. All doors on this building are commercial grade, metal framed and insulated doors that are either half- windowed or solid. At the Kodiak Middle School, heat is provided to the main building by one of the two 2.7 Million Btu/hr fuel oil fired sectional boilers. The second identical boiler is maintained in stand-by mode. Hot water, the primary heat transfer medium, is circulated throughout the building by a series of circulation pumps. The hot water is circulated to the baseboard systems, to the unit heaters, to the air handling units, and to a side-arm Domestic Hot Water (DHW) maker. There are (3) larger pumps located in the boiler room totaling 25 BHP. The heating plants used in the building can be described as follows: Boiler 1 Year Installed 1987 Fuel Type: Fuel Oil Input Rating: 2,600,000 Btu/Hr Rated Efficiency: 84% Heat Distribution Type: Hydronic Boiler Operation: All year Boiler 2 Year Installed 1987 Fuel Type: Fuel Oil Input Rating: 2,600,000 Btu/Hr Rated Efficiency: 84 % Heat Distribution Type: Hydronic Boiler Operation: All year CENTRAL ALASKA ENGINEERING COMPANY KODIAK MIDDLE SCHOOL ENERGY AUDIT REPORT AkWarm ID No. KONI‐ADQ‐CAEC‐02 PAGE 13 OF 26 The DHW heater is located in the boiler room. Two pumps are utilized to deliver DHW. One pump circulates boiler heated water to a side-arm hot water maker. Up to 200,000 Btu/Hr is used by the DHW maker. City water is supplied to the hot water maker at a temperature between 40 oF and 45 oF at a regulated pressure between 40 psi and 50 psi. The heated DHW is continuously circulated around the building and supplies the boys and girls showers, kitchen, restrooms, teacher’s lounges, and the classroom sinks. A recirculation pump assures hot water is continually moving heated water around the DHW loop which conserves water, not energy. Eight major air handling systems bring in outside air to the building, mixes the fresh air with recirculated air then returns the mixed air to the individual rooms and hallways. In addition, the school is equipped with (4) Terminal Fan Units which circulate air within the near spaces. During school hours, the air handling units are circulating air through rooms, mixing return room air with outside air and then back to the rooms. The heat exchangers at the AHU’s are sized to warm only the makeup air. Most of the school’s heat is furnished by the room’s baseboard hydronic system and unit heaters. Each student is provided between 5 and 15 CFM of fresh air. Most of the fresh air is taken into the system through mixing chambers located at the air handling units described above. During cooler winter months, minimum outside air is taken into the system. During warmer months, the outside air volumes are increased dramatically to cool the rooms and hallways. During the cooler months, smaller blower motors are utilized by the air handling units. During warmer periods, larger electric blower motors are automatically switched into service on the same air handlers, thus providing higher fan speeds and substantially higher air volumes with a two speed system. In addition to higher fresh air volumes and at certain air temperatures, relief fans automatically start thus powering uncomfortably warm humid air to atmosphere through relief vents which open as the relief fans start. Relief vents and doors open when relief fans start up. The air volume to each room is controlled from the modulating registers within individual rooms. Four of the eight AHU’s are equipped with this two fixed speed motor arrangement. During colder winter months, the fan speeds are low. As the ambient temperatures increase, larger amounts of outside air are required for cooling and the higher speed motors are utilized. The fixed motor speed necessitates air control devices at the rooms. The room air controls regulate flow as a function of the room air temperature. Energy is not efficiently utilized limited by the single synchronous speed of the motors. Efficiency and energy utilization would be optimized if the speed of these motors were adjustable to the load (demand control). Variable speed drives are now an economical method to balance the fan speed to the load and discontinue the practice of requiring the air flow to ride the fan curve. The kitchen, gym and showers utilize different control strategies. The kitchen area has one level of ventilation when exhaust fans are operating and another when the exhaust fans are off. Whenever the cooking ranges begin to be used, the ventilation hoods are started manually. When the exhaust fans begin, outside air requirements greatly change. The air handlers switch to a higher speed and outside air heating demands increase. CENTRAL ALASKA ENGINEERING COMPANY KODIAK MIDDLE SCHOOL ENERGY AUDIT REPORT AkWarm ID No. KONI‐ADQ‐CAEC‐02 PAGE 14 OF 26 For the kitchen, two air intake rates are provided while school is in session. First a 1,250 CFM air rate is used when no exhaust fans are running, then starting ventilation hoods doubles the amount of air flow by kicking up the air handler speed. The outside air heating radiator requires greater hot water so a ¼ HP hot water booster pump is started. After school hours, the ventilating fans and pumps are stopped. The gym has a more robust air handling system and is operated at different speeds for different loads. Larger numbers of people require greater ventilation. Normal use of the gym is 8,000 CFM and under game conditions or warmer periods, the rate is ramped up to 12,000 CFM. The gym ventilation system operating hours and settings are hand selected as needed. There is a shower/dressing room which has separate heating and ventilation requirements from the rest of the school. Each of the girls and boys locker rooms have a ½ HP supply fan moving 2,000 CFM. The supply air is heated to 70 oF. A heat recovery heat exchanger collects air from both locker rooms and this air is used to heat incoming fresh air. Excess air is removed from the building with the use of exhaust fans located throughout the building and relief air dampers and fans. The building ventilation system is controlled with a hybrid DDC system with pneumatically controlled end devices. There are several types of light systems throughout the building. Lighting and controls upgrade opportunities provide good investment opportunities in the building. There are 39 fixtures used as safety lights which operate continuously. These low efficiency lights should be considered to be the first fixtures to be replaced. The T12 lighting systems remaining in the building are good candidates for replacement to new Energy-Saver T8 systems. There have been recent advances in LED technology making it a viable option to replace the outside HPS systems. Several EEM’s are provided in this report reviewing the lighting system upgrade recommendations. There are several large plug loads throughout the building. This includes the commercial kitchen equipment, computers with monitors, copy machines, vending machines, clothing dryer, washing machine, refrigerators, microwave ovens and coffee pots. There is an energy load for charging stations for IPAD’s and other portable computer devices. There is a 100 amp 3 phase breaker between the middle school and the high school. Another 3 phase 60 amp breaker feeds a load within the KIBSD maintenance area of the old elementary school. The miscellaneous building plug loads are estimated in the AkWarm-C at 0.30 Watts/SF. CENTRAL ALASKA ENGINEERING COMPANY KODIAK MIDDLE SCHOOL ENERGY AUDIT REPORT AkWarm ID No. KONI‐ADQ‐CAEC‐02 PAGE 15 OF 26 Following the completion of the field survey a detailed building major equipment inventory was created and is attached as Appendix C. The equipment listed are considered to be the major energy consuming items in the building whose replacement or upgrade could yield substantial energy savings. An approximate age was assigned to the equipment if a manufactured date was not shown on the equipment’s nameplate. As listed in the 2011 ASHRAE Handbook for HVAC Applications, Chapter 37, Table 4, the service life for the equipment along with the remaining useful life in accordance to the ASHRAE standard are also noted in the equipment list. Where there are zero (0) years remaining in the estimated useful life of a piece of equipment, this is an indication that maintenance costs are likely on the rise and more efficient replacement equipment is available which will lower the operating costs of the unit. Maintenance costs should be reduced with the replacement of aging systems and system reliability should show improvement. CENTRAL ALASKA ENGINEERING COMPANY KODIAK MIDDLE SCHOOL ENERGY AUDIT REPORT AkWarm ID No. KONI‐ADQ‐CAEC‐02 PAGE 16 OF 26 Tables provided in Appendix A, Energy Benchmark Data Report, represent the electric and fuel oil energy usage for the surveyed facility from January 2009 to December 2010. Kodiak Electric Association provides the electricity under their commercial rate schedule. The fuel oil usage profile shows the predicted fuel oil energy usage for the building. As actual usage records were available, the model used to predict usage was calibrated to approximately match actual usage. Fuel oil is sold to the customer in units of gallons, which contains approximately 138,000 BTUs of energy. The electric utility bills for consumption in kilowatt-hours (kWh) and for maximum demand in kilowatts (kW). One kilowatt-hour is equivalent to 3,413 Btu’s. The consumption (kWh) is determined as the wattage times the hours it is running. For example, 1,000 watts running for one hour, or 500 watts running for two hours, is a kWh. The maximum demand is simply the sum of all electrical devices on simultaneously. For example, ten, 100 watt lights running simultaneously would create a demand of 1,000 watts (1 kW). Demand is averaged over a rolling window, usually 15 minutes. Thus, the facility must be concerned not only with basic electricity usage (consumption) but also the rate at which it gets used. The basic usage charges are shown as generation service and delivery charges along with several non-utility generation charges. Identify your school’s major equipment, know when it is used and work with staff to adjust time and duration of use. Also, consider using smart thermostats, relays, timers, on/off switches, and circuit breakers to shut down non-essential equipment and lights before starting equipment which draws a large amount of power. Relays or timers can prevent two large loads from being on at the same time. Peak demand can be best managed if first understood when it occurs. Know your school’s peak months, days and hours. Billing information can be used to acquire your benchmark data on the demand load and cost for the school building. Demand costs can be managed by scheduling times of the day when your electric usage is lowest to run equipment that uses the most power. You may want to pay special attention to equipment such as pumps, electric water heaters, 5-horsepower and larger motors, electric heat and commercial appliances. Most equipment has an identification tag or nameplate that lists the kW, or demand. Some tags may only list the amperage (amps and voltage the equipment uses). You can still use this information to figure the approximate usage rate in kilowatts. Multiply amps by volts and divide by 1,000 to get kilowatts. To help manage demand load and cost, install a special meter that records 15 minute load profile information, allowing you to view the electric power consumption over time. This data can help in determining when the peak loads occur. CENTRAL ALASKA ENGINEERING COMPANY KODIAK MIDDLE SCHOOL ENERGY AUDIT REPORT AkWarm ID No. KONI‐ADQ‐CAEC‐02 PAGE 17 OF 26 The average billing rates for energy use are calculated by dividing the total cost by the total usage. Based on the electric and fuel oil utility data provided, the fiscal years 2009 and 2010 costs for the energy and consumption at the surveyed facility are summarized in Table 6.1 below. 2009 2010 Average Electric 0.16 $/kWh 0.16 $/kWh 0.16 $/kWh Fuel oil 2.36 $/gallon 2.35 $/gallon 2.36 $/gallon Total Cost $197,369 $203,004 $200,187 ECI 3.24 $/sf 3.33 $/sf 3.29 $/sf Electric EUI 49.3 kBtu/sf 51.3 kBtu/sf 50.3 kBtu/sf Fuel oil EUI 54.0 kBtu/sf 58.5 kBtu/sf 56.3 kBtu/sf Building EUI 103.3 kBtu/sf 109.8 kBtu/sf 106.6 kBtu/sf Data from the U.S.A. Energy Information Administration provides information for U.S.A. Commercial Buildings Energy Intensity Using Site Energy by Census Region. In 2003, the U.S.A. average energy usage for Education building activity is shown to be 83 kBtu/sf. Data from the ARRA funded utility benchmark survey for the subject fiscal years completed on 13 schools in the KIBSD computed an average EUI of 106.8 kBtu/sf, and an average ECI of 4.2 $/sf, with an average building size of 37,608 square feet. Over the analyzed period, the surveyed facility was calculated to have an average EUI of 106.6 kBtu/sf. This means the surveyed facility uses a total of 28.4% more energy than the US average and 0.2 % less energy than the KIBSD average on a per square foot basis. CENTRAL ALASKA ENGINEERING COMPANY KODIAK MIDDLE SCHOOL ENERGY AUDIT REPORT AkWarm ID No. KONI‐ADQ‐CAEC‐02 PAGE 18 OF 26 At current utility rates, the Kodiak Island Borough School District is modeled to pay approximately $200,637 annually for electricity and other fuel costs for the Kodiak Middle School. Figure 6.1 below reflects the estimated distribution of costs across the primary end uses of energy based on the AkWarm-C computer simulation. Comparing the “Retrofit” bar in the figure to the “Existing” bar shows the potential savings from implementing all of the energy efficiency measures shown in this report. Figure 6.2 below shows how the annual energy cost of the building splits between the different fuels used by the building. The “Existing” bar shows the breakdown for the building as it is now; the “Retrofit” bar shows the predicted costs if all of the energy efficiency measures in this report are implemented. $0 $50,000 $100,000 $150,000 $200,000 $250,000 Existing Retrofit Ventilation and Fans Space Heating Refrigeration Other Electrical Lighting Domestic Hot Water Cooking Clothes Drying Annual Energy Costs by End Use CENTRAL ALASKA ENGINEERING COMPANY KODIAK MIDDLE SCHOOL ENERGY AUDIT REPORT AkWarm ID No. KONI‐ADQ‐CAEC‐02 PAGE 19 OF 26 Figure 6.3 below addresses only Space Heating costs. The figure shows how each heat loss component contributes to those costs; for example, the figure shows how much annual space heating cost is caused by the heat loss through the Walls/Doors. For each component, the space heating cost for the existing building is shown (blue bar) and the space heating cost assuming all retrofits are implemented (yellow bar) are shown. The tables below show the AkWarm-C estimate of the monthly fuel use for each of the fuels used in the building. For each fuel, the fuel use is broken down across the energy end uses. Electrical Consumption (kWh) Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Lighting 23396 21321 23396 22642 23396 11666 7930 13917 22642 23396 22642 17452 Refrigeration 2180 1986 2180 2110 2180 1976 1992 2061 2101 2171 2101 2113 Other Electrical 25111 22884 25111 24333 25229 21942 21743 23043 24292 24999 24171 23934 Cooking 10105 9209 10105 9779 10105 9779 0 10105 9779 10105 9779 10105 Clothes Drying 248 226 248 240 248 240 0 248 240 248 240 248 Ventilation Fans 11220 10224 11220 11850 15159 3912 0 5868 14670 12473 10717 7469 DHW 3288 2997 3288 3182 3288 3182 3288 3288 3182 3288 3182 3288 Space Heating 7689 7021 7656 7377 7644 7244 7443 7456 7318 7612 7407 7694 Space Cooling 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Fuel Oil #1 Consumption (Gallons) Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec DHW 192 174 196 195 198 273 494 383 211 204 190 192 Space Heating 2857 2737 2533 2132 2412 762 179 403 1539 2088 2429 2904 CENTRAL ALASKA ENGINEERING COMPANY KODIAK MIDDLE SCHOOL ENERGY AUDIT REPORT AkWarm ID No. KONI‐ADQ‐CAEC‐02 PAGE 20 OF 26 Energy Utilization Index (EUI) is a measure of a building’s annual energy utilization per square foot of building. This calculation is completed by converting all utility usage consumed by a building for one year, to British Thermal Units (Btu) or kBtu’s, and dividing this number by the building square footage. EUI is a good measure of a building’s energy use and is utilized regularly for comparison of energy performance for similar building types. The Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) Buildings Technology Center under a contract with the U.S. Department of Energy maintains a Benchmarking Building Energy Performance Program. The ORNL website determines how a building’s energy use compares with similar facilities throughout the U.S. and in a specific region or state. Source use differs from site usage when comparing a building’s energy consumption with the national average. Site energy use is the energy consumed by the building at the building site only. Source energy use includes the site energy use as well as all of the losses to create and distribute the energy to the building. Source energy represents the total amount of raw fuel that is required to operate the building. It incorporates all transmission, delivery, and production losses, which allows for a complete assessment of energy efficiency in a building. The type of utility purchased has a substantial impact on the source energy use of a building. The EPA has determined that source energy is the most comparable unit for evaluation purposes and overall global impact. Both the site and source EUI ratings for the building are provided to understand and compare the differences in energy use. The site and source EUIs for this building are calculated as follows. (See Table 6.4 for details): Building Site EUI = (Electric Usage in kBtu + Fuel oil Usage in kBtu) Building Square Footage Building Source EUI = (Electric Usage in kBtu X SS Ratio + Fuel oil Usage in kBtu X SS Ratio) Building Square Footage where “SS Ratio” is the Source Energy to Site Energy ratio for the particular fuel. Energy Type Building Fuel Use per Year Site Energy Use per Year, kBtu Source/Site Ratio Source Energy Use per Year, kBtu Electricity 900,457 kWh 3,073,261 3.340 10,264,690 #1 Oil 25,876 gallons 3,415,584 1.010 3,449,740 Total 6,488,845 13,714,431 BUILDING AREA 60,876 Square Feet BUILDING SITE EUI 107 kBtu/SF/Yr BUILDING SOURCE EUI 225 kBtu/SF/Yr * Site - Source Ratio data is provided by the Energy Star Performance Rating Methodology for Incorporating Source Energy Use document issued March 2011. CENTRAL ALASKA ENGINEERING COMPANY KODIAK MIDDLE SCHOOL ENERGY AUDIT REPORT AkWarm ID No. KONI‐ADQ‐CAEC‐02 PAGE 21 OF 26 The Energy Efficiency Measures are summarized below: Clothes Drying Measures Ventilation System Measures Heating/Cooling/Domestic Hot Water Measure Rank Location Description of Existing Efficiency Recommendation 1 Change to a multi - Cycle Dryer Including Air drying with humidity control option Installation Cost $900 Estimated Life of Measure (yrs)15 Energy Savings ($/yr) $7 Breakeven Cost $2,475 Savings-to-Investment Ratio 2.7 Simple Payback (yrs) 122 Auditors Notes: The dryer operates in an area which is maintained above 70 oF. There is sufficient energy to dry clothes at low or no heat. This replacement is not recommended at this time. When the existing dryer malfunctions then replace the dryer with an energy star rated machine. Rank Description Recommendation 2 Classroom temperature is maintained at comfort level by varying quantity of fresh air circulating during warm periods Add variable frequency drives to ventilation system motors then control air flow by increasing motor speed as temperature rises Installation Cost $19,000 Estimated Life of Measure (yrs)15 Energy Savings ($/yr) $5,247 Breakeven Cost $47,340 Savings-to-Investment Ratio 2.5 Simple Payback (yrs) 4 Auditors Notes: Adding motor speed control eliminates the inefficiency that is incurred when using fixed speed motors. Using variable speed, the fan speed will match the requirements for fresh air as a function of room temperature set point. Currently a larger fixed speed motor is installed than is required thus causing the control system to pinch flow back which is a waste of the electrical power consumed by the oversized motor. This method of control saves considerable energy. Rank Recommendation 3 Remove and replace Burners and Burner Controls on (2) Boilers Installation Cost $35,063 Estimated Life of Measure (yrs)20 Energy Savings ($/yr) $3,903 Breakeven Cost $82,858 Savings-to-Investment Ratio 2.4 Simple Payback (yrs) 9 Auditors Notes: New intelligent burner control systems have been developed which limit waste energy of the current boilers and are capable of increasing overall efficiency of the boilers by 3%. Webster Engineering has developed the Temp A Trim boiler controls for the size boilers in use at the Kodiak Middle School. CENTRAL ALASKA ENGINEERING COMPANY KODIAK MIDDLE SCHOOL ENERGY AUDIT REPORT AkWarm ID No. KONI‐ADQ‐CAEC‐02 PAGE 22 OF 26 Other Electrical Measures Night Setback Thermostat Measures Refrigeration Measures Rank Location Description of Existing Efficiency Recommendation 4 Vending Machines - Cold Pop 2 Vending Machines near the Common Room operate 24/7 during school Year Install a Vending Controller to monitor occupancy and turn the Vending machine off when the school is not occupied Installation Cost $710 Estimated Life of Measure (yrs)7 Energy Savings ($/yr) $170 Breakeven Cost $1,628 Savings-to-Investment Ratio 2.3 Simple Payback (yrs) 4 Auditors Notes: Vending machine controller plugs into power outlet and the vending machine plugs into the controller. The occupancy sensor determines when the school is not occupied. During times when people are not around the controller switches from on to off. The pop machine remains powered down until persons come into the area. The controllers are packaged and cost under $300 and does not require special installation. Rank Building Space Recommendation 5 Kodiak Middle School Implement a Heating Temperature Unoccupied Setback to 60 deg F for the Kodiak Middle School space. Installation Cost $52,583 Estimated Life of Measure (yrs)15 Energy Savings ($/yr) $7,860 Breakeven Cost $106,546 Savings-to-Investment Ratio 2.0 Simple Payback (yrs) 7 Auditors Notes: There are economic reasons why the thermostatic controller set points should be setback during off peak use hours. However one important control data input concerns the water dew point of the air. The water dew point of the inside air varies with the seasons. Currently, there is no humidity measuring instruments normally available to or monitored by the control system or staff and this data is needed before choosing the ideal “setback” temperatures which varies with the season. As outside air temperatures rise, the inside air dew point also rises. The staff is likely to complain about mildew and mold smells if the temperature is dropped below the dew point and condensation occurs. In keeping with this mildew and mold concern, it is recommended that the control system monitor the water dew point within the building to select how far back the temperature can be set during low use periods. If the water dew point is above 70 oF, then set up the temperature not back. If the water dew point is 50 oF or below then reduce the setback temperature control toward 60oF. Other parameters relating to the building setback temperature include warm-up time required to reheat the building and preventing any water pipes near the building perimeter from freezing. During extreme cold periods, reducing the setback temperature limit and time appropriately is required to prevent possible problems. Rank Location Description of Existing Efficiency Recommendation 7 Refrigerator K-12E Refrigerator with Seasonal Shutdown Replace with energy star refrigerator Installation Cost $2,500 Estimated Life of Measure (yrs)7 Energy Savings ($/yr) $10 Breakeven Cost $1,620 Savings-to-Investment Ratio 0.6 Simple Payback (yrs) 248 Auditors Notes: During the audit in the summer recess, some refrigerators were noted to be plugged and in operation, but not in use. As this is a cost free measure, simply unplug refrigeration units during summer months that are not in use. Any unnecessary refrigerators are recommended to be removed as they operate on a 24/7 schedule. Also, all refrigerators over 10 years old should be replaced with new energy star rated units which provide less than a 5 year payout in energy savings. CENTRAL ALASKA ENGINEERING COMPANY KODIAK MIDDLE SCHOOL ENERGY AUDIT REPORT AkWarm ID No. KONI‐ADQ‐CAEC‐02 PAGE 23 OF 26 Lighting Measures The goal of this section is to present lighting energy efficiency measures that may be cost beneficial. It should be noted that replacing current bulbs with more energy-efficient equivalents will have a small effect on the building heating and cooling loads. The building cooling load will see a small decrease from an upgrade to more efficient bulbs and the heating load will see a small increase, as the more energy efficient bulbs give off less heat. Rank Location Existing Condition Recommendation 6 Occupancy Room Light Controllers 42 Rooms FLUOR T8 4' F32T8 32W with Manual Switching Remove Manual Switching and Add new occupancy sensor, daylight sensor and programmable start ballast Installation Cost $63,000 Estimated Life of Measure (yrs)7 Energy Savings ($/yr) $10,555 Breakeven Cost $68,451 Savings-to-Investment Ratio 1.1 Simple Payback (yrs) 6 Auditors Notes: This EEM is recommending the existing T-8 classroom light systems be upgraded with new occupancy sensors, daylight sensors and programmable start ballasts for better control and reduced time when not needed. Rank Location Existing Condition Recommendation 9 Classroom T-12 4’ 8 FLUOR T12 4' F40T12 40W Standard Magnetic with Manual Switching Replace with 8 FLUOR T8 4' F32T8 32W, Remove Manual Switching and Add new occupancy sensor daylight sensor and programmable start ballast Installation Cost $22,640 Estimated Life of Measure (yrs)7 Energy Savings ($/yr) $66 Breakeven Cost $12,868 Savings-to-Investment Ratio 0.6 Simple Payback (yrs) 344 Auditors Notes: This EEM is recommending the existing 40-Watt T12 lights in the building be replaced with 32 Watt Energy Saver T8 bulbs and programmable start ballasts. Additionally, these lights should be installed with occupancy and daylight sensors for better control and reduced time when not needed. Rank Location Existing Condition Recommendation 11 Lower Hall Emergency Lights 5 FLUOR T12 4' F40T12 40W Standard Magnetic with Manual Switching Replace with 5 FLUOR T8 4' F32T8 32W, Remove Manual Switching and Add new occupancy sensor, daylight sensor and programmable start ballast Installation Cost $12,000 Estimated Life of Measure (yrs)7 Energy Savings ($/yr) $202 Breakeven Cost $4,364 Savings-to-Investment Ratio 0.4 Simple Payback (yrs) 59 Auditors Notes: Refer to EEM # 9 above for similar note. Rank Location Existing Condition Recommendation 12 Classroom T12 4' 64 FLUOR (2) T12 4' F40T12 40W Standard Magnetic with Manual Switching, Clock Timer or Other Scheduling Control Replace with 64 FLUOR T8 4' F32T8 32W, Remove Manual Switching and Add new occupancy sensor, daylight sensor and programmable start ballast Installation Cost $68,500 Estimated Life of Measure (yrs)7 Energy Savings ($/yr) $1,132 Breakeven Cost $24,450 Savings-to-Investment Ratio 0.4 Simple Payback (yrs) 61 Auditors Notes: Refer to EEM # 9 above for similar note. CENTRAL ALASKA ENGINEERING COMPANY KODIAK MIDDLE SCHOOL ENERGY AUDIT REPORT AkWarm ID No. KONI‐ADQ‐CAEC‐02 PAGE 24 OF 26 Rank Location Existing Condition Recommendation 13 Classroom T12 4' 40W 168 FLUOR T12 4' F40T12 40W Standard Magnetic with Manual Switching Replace with 64 FLUOR T8 4' F32T8 32W, Remove Manual Switching and Add new occupancy sensor, daylight sensor and programmable start ballast Installation Cost $116,465 Estimated Life of Measure (yrs)7 Energy Savings ($/yr) $1,505 Breakeven Cost $40,465 Savings-to-Investment Ratio 0.3 Simple Payback (yrs) 77 Auditors Notes: Refer to EEM # 9 above for similar note. Rank Location Existing Condition Recommendation 14 Gym Temp Lights 2 Bulb 95 W 16 FLUOR (2) T12 8' F96T12/HO 95W Energy- Saver Magnetic with Manual Switching Replace with 16 FLUOR (2) T8 8' F96T8/HO 86W Remove Manual Switching and Add new occupancy sensor, daylight sensor and programmable start ballast Installation Cost $38,800 Estimated Life of Measure (yrs)7 Energy Savings ($/yr) $263 Breakeven Cost $12,845 Savings-to-Investment Ratio 0.3 Simple Payback (yrs) 147 Auditors Notes: Refer to EEM # 9 above for similar note. Rank Location Existing Condition Recommendation 15 Class Room Flour T8-4' 32W 573 FLUOR T12 4' F40T12 40W Standard Magnetic with Manual Switching Replace with 64 FLUOR T8 4' F32T8 32W, Remove Manual Switching and Add new occupancy sensor, daylight sensor and programmable start ballast Installation Cost $374,000 Estimated Life of Measure (yrs)7 Energy Savings ($/yr) $5,132 Breakeven Cost $90,954 Savings-to-Investment Ratio 0.2 Simple Payback (yrs) 73 Auditors Notes: Refer to EEM # 9 above for similar note. Rank Location Existing Condition Recommendation 16 Lower Hall Lights 20 FLUOR T12 4' F40T12 40W Standard Magnetic with Manual Switching Replace with 64 FLUOR T8 4' F32T8 32W, Remove Manual Switching and Add new occupancy sensor, daylight sensor and programmable start ballast Installation Cost $54,200 Estimated Life of Measure (yrs)7 Energy Savings ($/yr) $179 Breakeven Cost $9,831 Savings-to-Investment Ratio 0.2 Simple Payback (yrs) 303 Auditors Notes: Refer to EEM # 9 above for similar note. Rank Location Existing Condition Recommendation 17 Occupancy Room Light Controllers Remaining Rooms 111 FLUOR (3) T12 4' F40T12 40W Standard (2) Magnetic with Manual Switching Remove Manual Switching and Add new occupancy sensor, daylight sensor and programmable start ballast Installation Cost $100,800 Estimated Life of Measure (yrs)7 Energy Savings ($/yr) $924 Breakeven Cost $8,835 Savings-to-Investment Ratio 0.1 Simple Payback (yrs) 109 Auditors Notes: Refer to EEM # 6 above for similar note. CENTRAL ALASKA ENGINEERING COMPANY KODIAK MIDDLE SCHOOL ENERGY AUDIT REPORT AkWarm ID No. KONI‐ADQ‐CAEC‐02 PAGE 25 OF 26 Window Measures Air Sealing Measures Rank Location Size/Type, Condition Recommendation 8 School Building Window Single, Glass Certified U-Value: 1.40 Solar Heat Gain Coefficient including Window Coverings: 0.52 Replace existing window with triple pane, low-E, argon window Installation Cost $18,181 Estimated Life of Measure (yrs)20 Energy Savings ($/yr) $615 Breakeven Cost $10,697 Savings-to-Investment Ratio 0.6 Simple Payback (yrs) 30 Auditors Notes: This EEM is intended to replace existing single pane windows in the section of building attached to the high school where the single pane windows are still in place. Rank Location Existing Air Leakage Level (cfm@50/75 Pa)Recommended Air Leakage Reduction (cfm@50/75 Pa) 10 Building Shell Air Tightness estimated as: 0.56 CFM/SF of above- grade shell area at 75 Pascals Perform air sealing to reduce air leakage by 3% Installation Cost $10,000 Estimated Life of Measure (yrs)10 Energy Savings ($/yr) $461 Breakeven Cost $4,284 Savings-to-Investment Ratio 0.4 Simple Payback (yrs) 22 Auditors Notes: This EEM is intended to tighten the building shell to reduce natural infiltration and heat loss. Air tightening task should include caulking all penetrations on exterior, replace door weather stripping where needed, assure all windows close tightly. Using the latest infrared thermography can allow maintenance staff to identify air and heat leaks. The air handling units have mixing boxes where outside air is mixed with recirculating room air. The separation between outside air and recirculating air should be checked for air leaks and resealed. CENTRAL ALASKA ENGINEERING COMPANY KODIAK MIDDLE SCHOOL ENERGY AUDIT REPORT AkWarm ID No. KONI‐ADQ‐CAEC‐02 PAGE 26 OF 26 Through inspection of the energy-using equipment on-site and discussions with site facilities personnel, this energy audit has identified several energy-saving measures. The measures will reduce the amount of fuel burned and electricity used at the site. The projects will not degrade the performance of the building and, in some cases, will improve it. Several types of EEMs can be implemented immediately by building staff, and others will require various amounts of lead time for engineering and equipment acquisition. In some cases, there are logical advantages to implementing EEMs concurrently. For example, if the same electrical contractor is used to install both lighting equipment and motors, implementation of these measures should be scheduled to occur simultaneously. The Alaska Housing Finance Corporation (AHFC) Alaska Energy Efficiency Revolving Loan Fund (AEERLF) is a State of Alaska program enacted by the Alaska Sustainable Energy Act (Senate Bill 220, A.S. 18.56.855, “Energy Efficiency Revolving Loan Fund”). The AEERLF will provide loans for energy efficiency retrofits to public facilities via the Retrofit Energy Assessment for Loan System (REAL). As defined in 15 AAC 155.605, the program may finance energy efficiency improvements to buildings owned by: a. Regional educational attendance areas; b. Municipal governments, including political subdivisions for municipal governments; c. The University of Alaska; d. Political subdivisions of the State of Alaska, or e. The State of Alaska Refer to the Retrofit Energy Assessment for Loans manual which can be obtained from AHFC for more information on this program. CENTRAL ALASKA ENGINEERING COMPANY KODIAK MIDDLE SCHOOL ENERGY AUDIT REPORT APPENDIX A Appendix A Energy Benchmark Data Report Kodiak Middle SchoolEnergy Audit ReportFirst Name Last NameMiddle NamePhoneRobert Tucker 486‐9342State ZipAK 99615Monday‐FridaySaturday Sunday Holidays7 am to 5 pm 000 Average # of Occupants During 575 Renovations / NotesDateNonePART II – ENERGY SOURCES Heating Oil Electricity Natural Gas Propane Wood Coal $ /gallon $ / kWh $ / CCF $ / gal $ / cord $ / tonOther energy sources? 1. Please check every energy source you use in the table below. If known, please enter the base rate you pay for the energy source.2. Provide utilities bills for the most recent two‐year period for each energy source you use. Contact PersonEmailBtucker@kodiakak.usMailing AddressCity710 Mill Bay RdKodiakPrimary Operating HoursDetailsFacility AddressFacility CityFacility ZipKodiak Island, AKKodiak, AK99615Building TypeCommunity PopulationYear BuiltMixed6,6261985Building Name/ Identifier Building UsageBuilding Square FootageKodiak Middle School Education MS60,876Kodiak Island Borough Regional Education Attendance 03/07/11REAL Preliminary Benchmark Data FormPART I – FACILITY INFORMATIONFacility OwnerFacility Owned ByDateSeptember 26, 2011Appendix A Kodiak Middle SchoolEnergy Audit ReportKodiak Middle SchoolBuiding Size Input (sf) =60,8762009 Natural Gas Consumption (Therms)2009 Natural Gas Cost ($)2009 Electric Consumption (kWh)879,0402009 Electric Cost ($)138,5122009 Oil Consumption (Therms)32,9032009 Oil Cost ($)58,8582009 Propane Consumption (Therms)2009 Propane Cost ($)2009 Coal Consumption (Therms)2009 Coal Cost ($)2009 Wood Consumption (Therms)2009 Wood Cost ($)2009 Thermal Consumption (Therms)2009 Thermal Cost ($)2009 Steam Consumption (Therms)2009 Steam Cost ($)2009 Total Energy Use (kBtu)6,290,5012009 Total Energy Cost ($)197,369Annual Energy Use Intensity (EUI)2009 Natural Gas (kBtu/sf) 2009 Electricity (kBtu/sf)49.32009 Oil (kBtu/sf) 54.02009 Propane (kBtu/sf) 2009 Coal (kBtu/sf) 2009 Wood (kBtu/sf) 2009 Thermal (kBtu/sf) 2009 Steam (kBtu/sf) 2009 Energy Utilization Index (kBtu/sf)103.3Annual Energy Cost Index (ECI)2009 Natural Gas Cost Index ($/sf)2009 Electric Cost Index ($/sf)2.282009 Oil Cost Index ($/sf)0.972009 Propane Cost Index ($/sf)2009 Coal Cost Index ($/sf)2009 Wood Cost Index ($/sf)2009 Thermal Cost Index ($/sf)2009 Steam Cost Index ($/sf)2009 Energy Cost Index ($/sf)3.24September 26, 2011Appendix A Kodiak Middle SchoolEnergy Audit Report2010 Natural Gas Consumption (Therms)2010 Natural Gas Cost ($)2010 Electric Consumption (kWh)915,3602010 Electric Cost ($)139,6262010 Oil Consumption (Therms)35,5882010 Oil Cost ($)63,3782010 Propane Consumption (Therms)2010 Propane Cost ($)2010 Coal Consumption (Therms)2010 Coal Cost ($)2010 Wood Consumption (Therms)2010 Wood Cost ($)2010 Thermal Consumption (Therms)2010 Thermal Cost ($)2010 Steam Consumption (Therms)2010 Steam Cost ($)2010 Total Energy Use (kBtu)6,682,9622010 Total Energy Cost ($)203,004Annual Energy Use Intensity (EUI)2010 Natural Gas (kBtu/sf)2010 Electricity (kBtu/sf)51.32010 Oil (kBtu/sf)58.52010 Propane (kBtu/sf)2010 Coal (kBtu/sf)2010 Wood (kBtu/sf)2010 Thermal (kBtu/sf)2010 Steam (kBtu/sf)2010 Energy Utilization Index (kBtu/sf)109.8Annual Energy Cost Index (ECI)2010 Natural Gas Cost Index ($/sf)2010 Electric Cost Index ($/sf)2.292010 Oil Cost Index ($/sf)1.042010 Propane Cost Index ($/sf)2010 Coal Cost Index ($/sf)2010 Wood Cost Index ($/sf)2010 Thermal Cost Index ($/sf)2010 Steam Cost Index ($/sf)20010 Energy Cost Index ($/sf)3.33Note:1 kWh = 3,413 Btu's1 Therm = 100,000 Btu's1 CF ≈ 1,000 Btu'sSeptember 26, 2011Appendix A Kodiak Middle SchoolEnergy Audit ReportKodiak Middle SchoolElectricityBtus/kWh =3,413Provider Customer # Month Start Date End Date Billing Days Consumption (kWh) Consumption (Therms) Demand Use Electric Cost ($) Unit Cost ($/kWh) Demand Cost ($)KEA 5254900 Jul‐08 7/1/2008 7/31/20083154,0801,846$9,682$0.18$836.89KEA 5254900 Aug‐08 8/1/2008 8/31/20083175,1202,564$13,285$0.18$1,134.45KEA 5254900 Sep‐08 9/1/2008 9/30/20083081,0402,766$14,254$0.18$1,173.92KEA 5254900 Oct‐08 10/1/2008 10/31/20083172,6402,479$11,626$0.16$1,147.15KEA 5254900 Nov‐08 11/1/2008 11/30/20083073,4402,507$11,572$0.16$982.04KEA 5254900 Dec‐08 12/1/2008 12/31/20083187,0402,971$13,748$0.16$1,261.01KEA 5254900 Jan‐09 1/1/2009 1/31/20093181,1202,769$12,000$0.15$1,209.30KEA 5254900 Feb‐09 2/1/2009 2/28/20092872,3202,468$10,838$0.15$1,179.81KEA 5254900 Mar‐09 3/1/2009 3/31/20093168,7202,345$10,364$0.15$1,169.38KEA 5254900 Apr‐09 4/1/2009 4/30/20093079,9202,728$11,549$0.14$1,185.71KEA 5254900 May‐09 5/1/2009 5/31/20093174,0002,526$11,030$0.15$1,218.37KEA 5254900 Jun‐09 6/1/2009 6/30/20093059,6002,034$8,563$0.14$745.72KEA 5254900 Jul‐09 7/1/2009 7/31/20093162,0002,116$8,962$0.14$692.19KEA 5254900 Aug‐09 8/1/2009 8/31/20093163,8402,179$9,580$0.15$1,075.49KEA 5254900 Sep‐09 9/1/2009 9/30/20093082,3202,810$12,025$0.15$1,158.95KEA 5254900 Oct‐09 10/1/2009 10/31/20093180,1602,736$11,716$0.15$1,179.81KEA 5254900 Nov‐09 11/1/2009 11/30/20093080,8802,760$11,827$0.15$1,199.32KEA 5254900 Dec‐09 12/1/2009 12/31/20093177,9202,659$11,481$0.15$1,229.26KEA 5254900 Jan‐10 1/1/2010 1/31/20103176,8002,621$11,823$0.15$1,231.98KEA 5254900 Feb‐10 2/1/2010 2/28/20102882,8002,826$12,597$0.15$1,205.67KEA 5254900 Mar‐10 3/1/2010 3/31/20103180,0802,733$12,305$0.15$1,275.98KEA 5254900 Apr‐10 4/1/2010 4/30/20103085,2802,911$13,788$0.16$1,227.44KEA 5254900 May‐10 5/1/2010 5/31/20103178,3202,673$12,811$0.16$1,246.49KEA 5254900 Jun‐10 6/1/2010 6/30/20103064,9602,217$10,712$0.16$1,060.69Jul ‐ 08 to Jun ‐ 09 total:879,04030,0020$138,512$13,244Jul ‐ 09 to Jun ‐ 10 total:915,36031,2410$139,626$13,783$0.16$0.15Jul ‐ 09 to Jun ‐ 10 avg:Jul ‐ 08 to Jun ‐ 09 avg:September 26, 2011Appendix A Kodiak Middle SchoolEnergy Audit Report$0$2,000$4,000$6,000$8,000$10,000$12,000$14,000$16,000010,00020,00030,00040,00050,00060,00070,00080,00090,000100,000Electric Cost ($)Electric Consumption (kWh)Date (Mon ‐Yr)Kodiak Middle School ‐Electric Consumption (kWh) vs. Electric Cost ($)Electric Consumption (kWh)Electric Cost ($)September 26, 2011Appendix A Kodiak Middle SchoolEnergy Audit ReportKodiak Middle SchoolOilBtus/Gal =132,000Provider Customer # Month Start Date End Date Billing Days Consumption (Gal) Consumption (Therms) Demand Use Oil Cost ($) Unit Cost ($/Therm) Demand Cost ($)100.120.605 Jul‐08 7/1/2008 7/31/2008311,6702,205$6,7183.05100.120.605 Aug‐08 8/1/2008 8/31/20083100$00.00100.120.605 Sep‐08 9/1/2008 9/30/2008303,7094,896$13,3572.73100.120.605 Oct‐08 10/1/2008 10/31/2008312,4563,242$7,9022.44100.120.605 Nov‐08 11/1/2008 11/30/2008302,6153,452$6,8111.97100.120.605 Dec‐08 12/1/2008 12/31/2008312,8663,784$5,9891.58100.120.605 Jan‐09 1/1/2009 1/31/2009311,0001,320$1,5161.15100.120.605 Feb‐09 2/1/2009 2/28/2009282,6443,490$4,4871.29100.120.605 Mar‐09 3/1/2009 3/31/2009312,9923,949$4,4161.12100.120.605 Apr‐09 4/1/2009 4/30/2009303,0704,052$4,3551.07100.120.605 May‐09 5/1/2009 5/31/2009311,9042,514$3,3061.32100.120.605 Jun‐09 6/1/2009 6/30/20093000$00.00100.120.605 Jul‐09 7/1/2009 7/31/2009311,9412,562$4,1151.61100.120.605 Aug‐09 8/1/2009 8/31/20093100$00.00100.120.605 Sep‐09 9/1/2009 9/30/2009302,4343,213$5,4151.69100.120.605 Oct‐09 10/1/2009 10/31/2009312,7113,578$6,2371.74100.120.605 Nov‐09 11/1/2009 11/30/2009303,1624,174$7,2741.74100.120.605 Dec‐09 12/1/2009 12/31/2009313,2574,299$7,5291.75100.120.605 Jan‐10 1/1/2010 1/31/20103100$00.00100.120.605 Feb‐10 2/1/2010 2/28/2010283,6004,752$8,3281.75100.120.605 Mar‐10 3/1/2010 3/31/20103100$00.00100.120.605 Apr‐10 4/1/2010 4/30/2010303,6184,776$8,9581.88100.120.605 May‐10 5/1/2010 5/31/20103100$00.00100.120.605 Jun‐10 6/1/2010 6/30/2010306,2398,236$15,5241.88Jul ‐ 08 to Jun ‐ 09 total:24,92732,9030$58,858$0Jul ‐ 09 to Jun ‐ 10 total:26,96135,5880$63,378$0Jul ‐ 08 to Jun ‐ 09 avg:1.77Jul ‐ 09 to Jun ‐ 10 avg:1.76September 26, 2011Appendix A Kodiak Middle SchoolEnergy Audit Report$0.00$2,000.00$4,000.00$6,000.00$8,000.00$10,000.00$12,000.00$14,000.00$16,000.00$18,000.0001,0002,0003,0004,0005,0006,0007,0008,0009,000Oil Cost ($)Oil Consumption (Therms)Date (Mon ‐Yr)Kodiak Middle School ‐Oil Consumption (Therms) vs. Oil Cost ($)Oil Consumption (Therms)Oil Cost ($)September 26, 2011Appendix A CENTRAL ALASKA ENGINEERING COMPANY KODIAK MIDDLE SCHOOL ENERGY AUDIT REPORT APPENDIX B Appendix B AkWarm Short Report Energy Audit – Energy Analysis and Cost Comparison AkWarm Commercial Audit Software Kodiak Middle School Page 2 APPENDIX B ENERGY AUDIT REPORT – PROJECT SUMMARY – Created 1/26/2012 12:13 PM General Project Information PROJECT INFORMATION AUDITOR INFORMATION Building: Kodiak Middle School Auditor Company: Central Alaska Engineering Company Address: 722 Mill Bay Rd Auditor Name: Jerry Herring, PE, CEA City: Kodiak Auditor Address: 32215 Lakefront Drive Soldotna, Alaska 99669 Client Name: Gregg Hacker Client Address: 200 Benny Bensen Blvd Kodiak, AK 99615 Auditor Phone: (907) 260-5311 Auditor FAX: Client Phone: (907) 486-9342 Auditor Comment: Client FAX: (907) 539-5230 Design Data Building Area: 60,876 square feet Design Heating Load: Design Loss at Space: 2,016,038 Btu/hour with Distribution Losses: 2,016,038 Btu/hour Plant Input Rating assuming 82.0% Plant Efficiency and 25% Safety Margin: 3,073,229 Btu/hour Note: Additional Capacity should be added for DHW load, if served. Typical Occupancy: 575 people Design Indoor Temperature: 72 deg F (building average) Actual City: Kodiak Design Outdoor Temperature: 13 deg F Weather/Fuel City: Kodiak Heating Degree Days: deg F-days Utility Information Electric Utility: Kodiak Electric Assn - Commercial - Lg Natural Gas Provider: None Average Annual Cost/kWh: $0.155/kWh Average Annual Cost/ccf: $0.000/ccf Annual Energy Cost Estimate Description Space Heating Space Cooling Water Heating Lighting Refrige ration Other Electri cal Cooking Clothes Drying Ventilatio n Fans Service Fees Total Cost Existing Building $68,104 $0 $12,850 $36,238 $3,898 $44,45 3 $16,888 $414 $17,791 $0 $200,637 With Proposed Retrofits $61,973 $0 $14,167 $16,282 $3,888 $44,15 4 $16,888 $407 $4,648 $0 $162,407 SAVING S $6,131 $0 -$1,317 $19,957 $10 $299 $0 $7 $13,143 $0 $38,231 Energy Audit – Energy Analysis and Cost Comparison AkWarm Commercial Audit Software Kodiak Middle School Page 3 APPENDIX B $0 $50,000 $100,000 $150,000 $200,000 $250,000 Existing Retrofit Ventilation and Fans Space Heating Refrigeration Other Electrical Lighting Domestic Hot Water Cooking Clothes Drying Annual Energy Costs by End Use Energy Audit – Energy Analysis and Cost Comparison AkWarm Commercial Audit Software Kodiak Middle School Page 4 APPENDIX B PRIORITY LIST – RECOMMENDED ENERGY EFFICIENCY MEASURES Ran k Feature Recommendation Annual Energy Savings Installed Cost SIR Payback (Years) 1 Cooking and Clothes Drying - ClothesDryer Change to a multi - Cycle Dryer Including Air drying $7 $900 2.75 121.5 2 Ventilation Add Variable Frequency Drives. Add temperature control Loop to control fan speed. $5,247 $19,000 2.49 3.6 3 HVAC And DHW Remove and replace Burners and Burner Controls on (2) Boilers $3,903 $35,063 2.36 9 4 Other Electrical: Vending Machines - Cold Pop Replace with 2 Vending Machines and Improve Clock Timer or Other Scheduling Control, Other Controls $170 $710 2.29 4.2 5 Setback Thermostat: Kodiak Middle School Implement a Heating Temperature Unoccupied Setback to 60.0 deg F for the Kodiak Middle School space. $7,860 $52,583 2.03 6.7 6 Lighting: Occupancy Room Light Controllers 42 Rooms Remove Manual Switching and Add new Occupancy Sensor $10,555 $63,000 1.09 6 7 Refrigeration: Refrigerator K-12E Replace with Refrigerator $10 $2,500 0.65 248.1 8 Window/Skylight: School Building Window Replace existing window with triple pane, low-E, argon window. $615 $18,181 0.59 29.6 9 Lighting: Classroom T12 3' 30W Replace with 8 FLUOR T8 4' F32T8 32W Standard Instant HighEfficElectronic and Controls retrofit $66 $22,640 0.57 343.9 10 Air Tightening Perform air sealing to reduce air leakage by 3%. $461 $10,000 0.43 21.7 Energy Audit – Energy Analysis and Cost Comparison AkWarm Commercial Audit Software Kodiak Middle School Page 5 APPENDIX B PRIORITY LIST – RECOMMENDED ENERGY EFFICIENCY MEASURES Ran k Feature Recommendation Annual Energy Savings Installed Cost SIR Payback (Years) 11 Lighting: Lower Hall Emergency Lights Replace with 5 FLUOR T8 4' F32T8 28W Energy-Saver Instant HighEfficElectronic $202 $12,000 0.36 59.5 12 Lighting: Classroom 2 Blb T12 4' Replace with 64 FLUOR (2) T8 4' F32T8 32W Standard Instant HighEfficElectronic and Remove Manual Switching and Add new Occupancy Sensor $1,132 $68,500 0.36 60.5 13 Lighting: Classroom T12 4' 40W Replace with 168 FLUOR T8 4' F32T8 32W Standard Instant HighEfficElectronic and Remove Manual Switching and Add new Occupancy Sensor $1,505 $116,465 0.35 77.4 14 Lighting: Gym Temp Lights 2 Bulb 95 W Replace with 16 FLUOR (2) T8 8' F96T8/HO 86W Standard Instant StdElectronic and Remove Manual Switching and Add new Occupancy Sensor $263 $38,800 0.33 147.3 15 Lighting: Class Room Flour T8-4' 32W Replace with 573 FLUOR T8 4' F32T8 32W Standard Instant HighEfficElectronic and Remove Manual Switching and Add new Occupancy Sensor $5,132 $374,000 0.24 72.9 16 Lighting: Lower Hall Lights Replace with 20 FLUOR T8 4' F32T8 32W Standard Instant HighEfficElectronic and Remove Manual Switching and Add new Occupancy Sensor $179 $54,200 0.18 302.6 Energy Audit – Energy Analysis and Cost Comparison AkWarm Commercial Audit Software Kodiak Middle School Page 6 APPENDIX B PRIORITY LIST – RECOMMENDED ENERGY EFFICIENCY MEASURES Ran k Feature Recommendation Annual Energy Savings Installed Cost SIR Payback (Years) 17 Lighting: Occupancy Room Light Controllers 42 Rooms Replace with 111 FLUOR (3) T8 4' F32T8 30W Energy-Saver (2) Instant HighEfficElectronic $924 $100,800 0.09 109.1 TOTAL $38,231 $989,342 0.54 25.9 ENERGY AUDIT REPORT – ENERGY EFFICIENT RECOMMENDATIONS 1. Building Envelope Insulation Rank Location Existing Type/R-Value Recommendation Type/R- Value Installed Cost Annual Energy Savings Exterior Doors – Replacement Rank Location Size/Type/Condition Recommendation Installed Cost Annual Energy Savings Windows and Glass Doors – Replacement Rank Location Size/Type/Condition Recommendation Installed Cost Annual Energy Savings 8 Window/Skylight : School Building Window Glass: Single, Glass Certified U-Value: 1.40 Solar Heat Gain Coefficient including Window Coverings: 0.52 Replace existing window with triple pane, low-E, argon window. $18,181 $615 Air Leakage Rank Location Estimated Air Leakage Recommended Air Leakage Target Installed Cost Annual Energy Savings 10 Air Tightness estimated as: 0.56 cfm/ft2 of above-grade shell area at 75 Pascals Perform air sealing to reduce air leakage by 3%. $10,000 $461 2. Mechanical Equipment Mechanical Energy Audit – Energy Analysis and Cost Comparison AkWarm Commercial Audit Software Kodiak Middle School Page 7 APPENDIX B Rank Recommendation Installed Cost Annual Energy Savings 3 Remove and replace Burners and Burner Controls on (2) Boilers $35,063 $3,903 Setback Thermostat Rank Location Size/Type/Condition Recommendation Installed Cost Annual Energy Savings 5 Kodiak Middle School Existing Unoccupied Heating Setpoint: 65.0 deg F Implement a Heating Temperature Unoccupied Setback to 60.0 deg F for the Kodiak Middle School space. $52,583 $7,860 Ventilation Rank Recommendation Cost Annual Energy Savings 2 Add Variable Frequency Drives. Add temperature control Loop to control fan speed. $19,000 $5,247 3. Appliances and Lighting Lighting Fixtures and Controls Rank Location Existing Recommended Installed Cost Annual Energy Savings 6 Occupancy Room Light Controllers 42 Rooms 111 FLUOR (3) T12 4' F40T12 40W Standard (2) Magnetic with Manual Switching Remove Manual Switching and Add new Occupancy Sensor $63,000 $10,555 9 Classroom T12 3' 30W 8 FLUOR T12 4' F40T12 40W Standard Magnetic with Manual Switching Replace with 8 FLUOR T8 4' F32T8 32W Standard Instant HighEfficElectronic and Controls retrofit $22,640 $66 11 Lower Hall Emergency Lights 5 FLUOR T12 4' F40T12 40W Standard Magnetic with Manual Switching Replace with 5 FLUOR T8 4' F32T8 28W Energy-Saver Instant HighEfficElectronic $12,000 $202 12 Classroom 2 Blb T12 4' 64 FLUOR (2) T12 4' F40T12 40W Standard Magnetic with Manual Switching, Clock Timer or Other Scheduling Control Replace with 64 FLUOR (2) T8 4' F32T8 32W Standard Instant HighEfficElectronic and Remove Manual Switching and Add new Occupancy Sensor $68,500 $1,132 Energy Audit – Energy Analysis and Cost Comparison AkWarm Commercial Audit Software Kodiak Middle School Page 8 APPENDIX B 13 Classroom T12 4' 40W 168 FLUOR T12 4' F40T12 40W Standard Magnetic with Manual Switching Replace with 168 FLUOR T8 4' F32T8 32W Standard Instant HighEfficElectronic and Remove Manual Switching and Add new Occupancy Sensor $116,465 $1,505 14 Gym Temp Lights 2 Bulb 95 W 16 FLUOR (2) T12 8' F96T12/HO 95W Energy- Saver Magnetic with Manual Switching Replace with 16 FLUOR (2) T8 8' F96T8/HO 86W Standard Instant StdElectronic and Remove Manual Switching and Add new Occupancy Sensor $38,800 $263 15 Class Room Flour T8-4' 32W 573 FLUOR T12 4' F40T12 40W Standard Magnetic with Manual Switching Replace with 573 FLUOR T8 4' F32T8 32W Standard Instant HighEfficElectronic and Remove Manual Switching and Add new Occupancy Sensor $374,000 $5,132 16 Lower Hall Lights 20 FLUOR T12 4' F40T12 40W Standard Magnetic with Manual Switching Replace with 20 FLUOR T8 4' F32T8 32W Standard Instant HighEfficElectronic and Remove Manual Switching and Add new Occupancy Sensor $54,200 $179 17 Occupancy Room Light Controllers 42 Rooms 111 FLUOR (3) T12 4' F40T12 40W Standard (2) Magnetic with Manual Switching Replace with 111 FLUOR (3) T8 4' F32T8 30W Energy-Saver (2) Instant HighEfficElectronic $100,800 $924 Refrigeration Rank Location Existing Recommended Installed Cost Annual Energy Savings 7 Refrigerator K- 12E Refrigerator with Seasonal Shutdown Replace with Refrigerator $2,500 $10 Other Electrical Equipment Rank Location Existing Recommended Installed Cost Annual Energy Savings Energy Audit – Energy Analysis and Cost Comparison AkWarm Commercial Audit Software Kodiak Middle School Page 9 APPENDIX B 4 Vending Machines - Cold Pop 2 Vending Machines with Other Controls Replace with 2 Vending Machines and Improve Clock Timer or Other Scheduling Control, Other Controls $710 $170 Cooking/Clothes Drying Rank Recommended Installed Cost Annual Energy Savings 1 Change to a multi - Cycle Dryer Including Air drying $900 $7 ------------------------------------------ AkWarmCalc Ver 2.1.4.1, Energy Lib 2/2/2012 CENTRAL ALASKA ENGINEERING COMPANY KODIAK MIDDLE SCHOOL ENERGY AUDIT REPORT APPENDIX C Appendix C Major Equipment List CENTRAL ALASKA ENGINEERING COMPANYKIBSD MIDDLE SCHOOL QUANTITY ITEMLOCATIONFUNCTION TYPE MOTOR SIZE EFFICIENCYASHRAE SERVICE LIFEESTIMATED REMAINING USEFUL LIFENOTES1Fuel Xfer Pump Day Tank Pump Fuel Oil Transfer Day Tank Fill0.50.8253Upgrade Motor1Boiler1 Fuel Pmp Boiler RoomFuel Pump Boiler Feed0.50.8303Upgrade Burner Control1Boiler2 Fuel Pmp Boiler RoomFuel Pump Boiler0.50.85303Upgrade Burner Control1HW Cir Pump21 Boiler RoomCirc HW Circ Pump100.83253Upgrade Motor1HW Cir Pump22 Boiler RoomCirc HW 10 Beyond Service Life1DHw Cir Pump23 Boiler RoomCirc HW 50.85300Beyond Service Life2Compressor201 Boiler Room Control Air Air Compressor 7.50.85209Up Grade Motor1DHW Re Circ 2 Boiler RoomCir DHW In2Line0.250.77209Unknown1100A Fan Mtr Fan Room A Hi Speed 11,000 cfm HVACAHU100.82200 Up Grade New VFD & Mtr1100B Fan Fan Room A Low Speed 7300 cfm HVACAHU30.81200 1105A Relief Fan Fan Room A Relief 5,500 cfmHVACFan Motor0.750.76200Beyond Service Life1201 Fan Mtr Fan Room B So. Class RmHVACAHU50.82200Unknown1205 Relief Fan Fan Room B HVACFan Motor 200 Up Grade New VFD & Mtr1301 Fan Mtr 4P Fan Room E Gym 12,000 cfm/7955 cfm HVACAHU Motor (2 SP)100.82 20 0 Up Grade New VFD & Mtr1 305 Relief Fan Fan Room E Gym 6000 cfm HVAC Fan Motor 0.750.77 20 0 Up Grade New VFD & Mtr2401A & B Fan Room E Locker Room Supply Fans HVAC Fan Motor 0.750.77 20 0 Up Grade New VFD & Mtr1404 Exhaust Fan Fan Room E 4000cfm HVAC Fan Motor 30.8 20 0 Up Grade New VFD & Mtr1405 Make Up Air Fan Room E 4000cfm Make Up Air HVAC HVAC 30.8 20 0 Up Grade New VFD & Mtr1410 HW Pump Fan Room E 13 gpm HVAC Motor 0.250.8 20 0 Up Grade New VFD & Mtr2502 AHU Fan Room C 8400/5570 cfm (2 Speed) HVAC AHU ( 2 Spd) 7.5/30.83 20 0 Up Grade New VFD & Mtr2506 A&B Fan Room C Part B Lvl 2 2Relief Fans HVACFan Motor 0.750.75200 Up Grade New VFD & Mtr1601 AHU Fan Rm C Common Area 3000cfm HVACAHU20.8200 Up Grade New VFD & Mtr1605 Relief Fan Fan Rm C Common Area 3000cfm HVACFan Motor 0.750.73200 Up Grade New VFD & Mtr1702 Fan AHU Fan RM C KitchenAir 2500/1250 cfm HVAC AHU Motor(2 SP)1.5/.750.79/0.71 20 0 Up Grade New VFD & Mtr1Relief Fan #3 Fan RM C KitchenAir Exhaust HVAC Fan Motor 0.750.71 20 0 Up Grade New VFD & Mtr1 Exhaust Fan RM C KitchenAir Exhaust HVAC Fan Motor 10.75 20 0 Up Grade New VFD & Mtr1Exhaust Fan #2 Fan RM C Kitchen Air Exhaust HVAC Fan Motor 1.50.8 20 0 Up Grade New VFD & Mtr1HW Booster Pmp Fan RM C KitchenAir Outside Air Heater HVAC HW Circ Pump 0.250.75 25 1 1KEF22 EXT Fan Fan Rm C Exhaust Fan HVAC Roof Fan 30.81 20 0 Up Grade New VFD & Mtr2 801 FanSect Fan Rm D 11500/7600 cfm HVACAHU Motor (2 SP)15/50.8 20 0 Up Grade New VFD & Mtr2 804 A&B Rel Fan Fan Rm D First Flr HVAC 5750 cfm ea. HVAC Fan Motor0.750.76100 Up Grade New VFD & MtrMAJOR EQUIPMENT INVENTORY 2/5/2012APPENDIX C CENTRAL ALASKA ENGINEERING COMPANYKIBSD MIDDLE SCHOOL QUANTITY ITEMLOCATIONFUNCTION TYPE MOTOR SIZE EFFICIENCYASHRAE SERVICE LIFEESTIMATED REMAINING USEFUL LIFENOTES1MS2CP208 Grundfos Circ Pump 43275 ; Rm M9 HVAC HW Circ Pump 0.10.65 25 1 Up Grade New VFD & Mtr1MS2CUV2100 Storage Room 1St Flr HVAC Rm Air Handler 0.0830.65 20 01MS2CUV2109 Entry by Main Office HVAC Rm Air Handler 0.0830.65 20 01MS2CUV2140 In Commons by Main Office HVAC Rm Air Handler 0.10.65 20 03MS2CUV's Second Flr, 2 201,224,2225 HVAC Rm Air Handler 0.10.65 20 012 MS2 Ex Fans Ex Fans 201,thru 211,216 HVAC Exh Fans 0.1670.65 20 02 MS2 Ex Fans EXH Fans 212,213,2 HVAC Exh. Fans 0.250.65 20 02MS2EX FANS EXF FANS 214,215 HVAC EXH Fans 10.75 20 01MS2EF2KILN KILN EXHAUST FAN HVAC EXH Fans 10.75 20 0 MAJOR EQUIPMENT INVENTORY 2/5/2012APPENDIX C CENTRAL ALASKA ENGINEERING COMPANY KODIAK MIDDLE SCHOOL ENERGY AUDIT REPORT APPENDIX D Appendix D Site Visit Photos CENTRAL ALASKA ENGINEERING COMPANY KODIAK MIDDLE SCHOOL ENERGY AUDIT REPORT APPENDIX D 1. West View Entry 1 2. SW View Entry 6 Showing Tri Level Architecture 3. Entry 2 Looking East 4. N View Gymnasium Entry 5 , 4 and 2 Most Northerly CENTRAL ALASKA ENGINEERING COMPANY KODIAK MIDDLE SCHOOL ENERGY AUDIT REPORT APPENDIX D 5. East Door 3 6. East View Refrigoration Compressor and 211 Door 7. Typical Window Thickness 8. Single Pane Window Typical CENTRAL ALASKA ENGINEERING COMPANY KODIAK MIDDLE SCHOOL ENERGY AUDIT REPORT APPENDIX D 9. Propane Tank Farm 10. ISD Maintenance Entry 11. Air Compressor Set 12. 10 HP Primary Hot Water Circulation Pumps CENTRAL ALASKA ENGINEERING COMPANY KODIAK MIDDLE SCHOOL ENERGY AUDIT REPORT APPENDIX D 13. Refrigerated Air Dehydration 14. Unit Heater Typical 15. Fuel Oil Day Tank 16. Side Arm Insulated Hot Water Heater CENTRAL ALASKA ENGINEERING COMPANY KODIAK MIDDLE SCHOOL ENERGY AUDIT REPORT APPENDIX D 17. 5 HP DHW Recirculation Pump 18. Close up of 5 HP Recirculation Pump 19. Overall View of 2.66 Million BTU Fuel Oil Fired Boiler 20. 10 ton Refrigerator Compressor CENTRAL ALASKA ENGINEERING COMPANY KODIAK MIDDLE SCHOOL ENERGY AUDIT REPORT APPENDIX D 21. Air Handler Motor Drive 22. Kitchen Hood Ventilator 23. Kitchen Serving Warmer for Pre-cooked Meals RTE 24. Kitchen Baking Oven CENTRAL ALASKA ENGINEERING COMPANY KODIAK MIDDLE SCHOOL ENERGY AUDIT REPORT APPENDIX D 25. 6 Burner Range With Second Exhaust Fan 26. Kitchen Refrigerator 27. Classroom Lighting 28. Emergency Lighting