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Home My WebLink AboutSEA-AEE-JNU Dzantiki Heeni Middle School 2012-EE Dzantik’I Heeni Middle School Juneau School District Funded by: Final Report December 2011 Prepared by: Energy Audit Table of Contents Section 1: Executive Summary 2 Section 2: Introduction 6 Section 3: Energy Efficiency Measures 9 Section 4: Description of Systems 16 Section 5: Methodology 18 Appendix A: Energy and Life Cycle Cost Analysis 21 Appendix B: Utility and Energy Data 30 Appendix C: Equipment Data 37 Appendix D: Abbreviations 40 Audit Team The energy audit is performed by Alaska Energy Engineering LLC of Juneau, Alaska. The audit team consists of:  Jim Rehfeldt, P.E., Energy Engineer  Jack Christiansen, Energy Consultant  Brad Campbell, Energy Auditor  Loras O’Toole P.E., Mechanical Engineer  Will Van Dyken P.E., Electrical Engineer  Curt Smit, P.E., Mechanical Engineer  Philip Iverson, Construction Estimator  Karla Hart, Technical Publications Specialist  Jill Carlile, Data Analyst  Grayson Carlile, Energy Modeler Dzantik’i Heeni Middle School 1 Energy Audit (December 2011) Section 1 Executive Summary An energy audit of the Dzantik’i Heeni Middle School was performed by Alaska Energy Engineering LLC. The investment grade audit is funded by Alaska Housing Finance Corporation (AHFC) to identify opportunities to improve the energy performance of public buildings throughout Alaska. Dzantik’i Heeni Middle School is a 93,600 square foot building that contains classrooms, offices, commons, gymnasium, and mechanical support spaces. The following summarizes our assessment of the building: Envelope The walls are considerably below current insulation standards. Since a high percentage of the gross wall area is comprised of windows, the cost of upgrading the walls will not provide a life cycle savings. The roof is below current insulation standards. There is no economical method for adding insulation to the roof. The first floor windows are single pane Plexiglas units. The estimated R-0.5 insulation factor is 1/10 the R-5 optimal value for new construction, and as a result these windows are significantly contributing to the heat loss of the building envelope. The second floor windows are double pane units with an estimated R-2 insulation factor. The windows are below current R-5 standards but there is no economical upgrade option. Exterior doors are not thermally broken. Future exterior door replacement selection should include this feature. There are no arctic entrances on the side entrances to the building. These entrances are used regularly, allowing air to infiltrate into the building during high traffic periods. Heating System The fuel oil boiler heating system is in good condition, however fairly simple improvements can be made to improve its effectiveness and efficiency. These are outlined in Section 3, Energy Efficiency Measures. The building has an electric boiler with the same capacity as the fuel oil boilers that is not being operated. The electric boiler could operate during periods when the building electric use is below peak to reduce the building heating costs. Main pumps P-2A/B and P-3A/B generate constant flow in the distribution system, but variable flow in the boilers. This is backwards from typical systems where the intent is to provide constant flow in the boilers and variable flow to the building. In this system, constant boiler flow was provided by recirculation pump P-1 and boiler pumps P-5A/B. However, they have been manually shut off for a long time. The lack of constant flow through the boiler sis likely contributing to short-cycling operation of the boilers. Dzantik’i Heeni Middle School 2 Energy Audit (December 2011) Variable flow through the boilers and short-cycling are related operational issues. Pump P-1 was designed to operate when a boiler is enabled to ensure flow through the boilers. “Blend” pumps P- 5A/B are intended to operate when the respective oil boiler is operating, to provide additional boiler flow and reduce the potential for thermal shock. Each boiler also has a manual valve which is essential to isolate the lag boiler and increase flow through the lead boiler. This arrangement would improve boiler operation and reduce short-cycling. Instead of the designed piping arrangement, the ideal arrangement would be a primary/secondary piping system where boiler pumps create full flow through each boiler when they are enabled. While this will provide more stable boiler operation, converting the system will be expensive and not likely to save energy. Thus, it is recommended that the boiler pumps and motorized valves be operated as originally designed. Ventilation System The building ventilation systems consist of two air handling units – one for the gym and one for all remaining spaces, two large return fans, a general exhaust fan, a fume hood fan, and smaller space ventilation fans in the electric and boiler rooms. Return fans RF-1A and RF-1B are returning a small fraction of the air back to AHU-1. This causes the system to bring in more outside air than required at a great energy penalty. The modulating controls for the return fan are not working properly. Recommend that the control sequence be changed from return air flow monitoring to a pressure control that maintains a slightly positive pressure in the fan room. The doors between the school and the gym were propped open during the energy audit. This is allowing air flow between the two systems, creating pressure imbalances. For optimal operations, the door should not be propped open. Lighting Interior lighting primarily consists of T12 and T8 fixtures, a few T5 fluorescent fixtures, and high pressure sodium and metal halide lighting in the gym. Exterior lighting consists primarily of high pressure sodium fixtures. Several exterior lights on the back of the building were broken and could present a potential safety risk. Retrofits of the T12 lighting to T8 are ongoing as the school district has resources for the job. These retrofits are likely needed due to future phase-outs of T12 lamp manufacturing. Lighting generates useful heat that contributes to the heating requirement. A lighting retrofit to more efficient T8 lamps will result in less lighting-generated heat, so the boilers will need to make up the difference. As such, the lighting upgrade will not generate sufficient energy savings to offset the cost of conversion because a high percentage of the lighting energy saving is made-up by the boiler to heat the building. Dzantik’i Heeni Middle School 3 Energy Audit (December 2011) Energy Efficiency Measures (EEMs) All buildings have opportunities to improve their energy efficiency. The energy audit revealed several opportunities in which an efficiency investment will result in a net reduction in long-term operating costs. Behavioral and Operational EEMs The following EEMs require behavioral and operational changes in the building use. The savings are not readily quantifiable but these EEMs are highly recommended as low-cost opportunities that are a standard of high performance buildings. EEM-1: Weather-strip Doors EEM-2: Insulate Walls Above Ceilings High and Medium Priority EEMs The following EEMs are recommended for investment. They are ranked by life cycle savings to investment ratio (SIR). This ranking method places a priority on low cost EEMs which can be immediately funded, generating energy savings to fund higher cost EEMs in the following years. Negative values, in parenthesis, represent savings. 25-Year Life Cycle Cost Analysis Investment Operating Energy Total SIR High Priority EEM-3: Isolate Standby Boiler $200 $0 ($89,000) ($88,800) 445.0 EEM-4: Operate Electric Boiler $5,000 ($14,700) ($491,400) ($501,100) 101.2 EEM-5: Disconnect HW Heater Elements $200 $0 ($13,300) ($13,100) 66.5 EEM-6: Install Pipe Insulation $100 $0 ($2,500) ($2,400) 25.0 EEM-7: Replace Aerators and Showerheads $1,200 $0 ($19,700) ($18,500) 16.4 EEM-8: Replace Transformers $3,900 $0 ($57,700) ($53,800) 14.8 EEM-9: Replace Library Single Pane Window $600 $0 ($4,300) ($3,700) 7.2 EEM-10: Optimize Gym HVAC System $53,300 $1,900 ($230,600) ($175,400) 4.3 EEM-11: Install DHW Pump Control $300 $0 ($1,100) ($800) 3.7 Medium Priority EEM-12: Install Entry Heaters $9,600 $0 ($27,300) ($17,700) 2.8 EEM-13: Install Modulating Burners $42,000 $11,600 ($122,900) ($69,300) 2.7 EEM-14: Replace 1st Floor Single Pane Windows $542,600 $0 ($1,078,800) ($536,200) 2.0 EEM-15: Convert to Variable Flow Pumping $33,500 $5,800 ($60,600) ($21,300) 1.6 EEM-16: Upgrade Motors to Premium Efficiency $24,400 $0 ($35,700) ($11,300) 1.5 EEM-17: Install Heat Recovery System $169,800 $17,400 ($235,900) ($48,700) 1.3 Totals* $886,700 $22,000 ($2,470,800) ($1,562,100) 2.8 *The analysis is based on each EEM being independent of the others. While it is likely that some EEMs are interrelated, an isolated analysis is used to demonstrate the economics because the audit team is not able to predict which EEMs an Owner may choose to implement. If several EEMs are implemented, the resulting energy savings is likely to differ from the sum of each EEM projection. Dzantik’i Heeni Middle School 4 Energy Audit (December 2011) Summary The energy audit revealed numerous opportunities for improving the energy performance of the building. It is recommended that the behavioral and high priority EEMs be implemented now to generate energy savings from which to fund the medium priority EEMs. Another avenue to consider is to borrow money from AHFCs revolving loan fund for public buildings. AHFC will loan money for energy improvements under terms that allow for paying back the money from the energy savings. More information on this option can be found online at http://www.ahfc.us/loans/akeerlf_loan.cfm. Dzantik’i Heeni Middle School 5 Energy Audit (December 2011) Section 2 Introduction This report presents the findings of an energy audit of Dzantik’i Heeni Middle School located in Juneau, Alaska. The purpose of this investment grade energy audit is to evaluate the infrastructure and its subsequent energy performance to identify applicable energy efficiencies measures (EEMs). The energy audit report contains the following sections: Introduction: Building use and energy consumption. Energy Efficiency Measures: Priority ranking of the EEMs with a description, energy analysis, and life cycle cost analysis. Description of Systems: Background description of the building energy systems. Methodology: Basis for how construction and maintenance cost estimates are derived and the economic and energy factors used for the analysis. BUILDING USE Dzantik’i Heeni Middle School is a 93,600 square foot building that contains offices, classrooms, commons, a gym, and mechanical support spaces. The current population is 450 students and 50 staff. School Use The building is scheduled in the following manner for the academic year: Offices: 8:00 am - 5:00 pm (M-F) 10 months per year Commons: 7:00 am - 8:30 pm (M-F) 150 students 8:30 am - 12:00 pm (M-F) 30 students 12:00 pm - 1:00 pm (M-F) 225 students 1:00 pm - 5:00 pm (M-F) 30 students 5:00 pm - 8:00 pm (M-F) 15 students Classrooms: 8:00 to 4:00 (M-F) Gym: 7:00 to 12:00 (M-F) 30 students 12:00 to 1:00 (M-F) 75 students 1:00 to 4:30 (M-F) 30 students Community Use: 5:00 pm to 9:00 pm (M-F); 9 am to 5 pm (Sat); 12 pm to 5 pm (Sun) Community Use Community schools used the building for 1,736 hours in 2010-11 school year. The gym was used 760 hours and the academic areas (classrooms, commons, library, etc.) the remaining hours. Dzantik’i Heeni Middle School 6 Energy Audit (December 2011) Building History The building has not been remodeled since it was constructed in 1994. Energy and Water Consumption The building energy sources include an electric service and a fuel oil tank. Fuel oil is used for the majority of the heating loads while electricity serves all other loads, including domestic hot water and a limited amount of space heating. The following table shows annual energy use and cost. Annual Energy Consumption and Cost Source Consumption Cost Energy, MMBtu Electricity 741,565 kWh $74,888 2,530 39% Fuel Oil 29,056 Gallons $99,371 3,946 61% Totals - $174,259 6,476 100% Electricity This chart shows electrical energy use from 2007 to 2010. Electricity use dropped in May 2008 when electric rates increased temporarily due to an avalanche. The avalanche disrupted power from Juneau’s primary hydroelectric generation facility, causing the utility to generate power with more expensive diesel generators. Conservation efforts put into effect after the avalanche have caused post-avalanche use to be less. There has been a slight upward trend in energy use but the use is still considerably below pre- avalanche levels. The effective cost—energy costs plus demand charges—is 10.1¢ per kWh. Dzantik’i Heeni Middle School 7 Energy Audit (December 2011) Fuel Oil The following chart shows heating energy use from 2007 to 2010. The chart compares annual use with the heating degree days which is a measurement of the demand for energy to heat a building. A year with a higher number of degree days reflects colder outside temperatures and a higher heating requirement. Annual fuel oil use has varied by less than 10% over the past five years. The current cost of fuel oil (August 2011) is $3.23 per gallon. Assuming a fuel oil conversion efficiency of 70% and an electric boiler conversion efficiency of 95%, oil heat at $3.23 per gallon equates to electric heat at 10.8¢ per kWh. Since the current cost of electricity is 10.1¢ per kWh, electric heat will be less expensive than fuel oil heat if demand charges are minimized. Water Water consumption averages 396,000 gallons per year. Dzantik’i Heeni Middle School 8 Energy Audit (December 2011) Section 3 Energy Efficiency Measures The following energy efficiency measures (EEMs) were identified during the energy audit. The EEMs are priority ranked and, where applicable, subjected to energy and life cycle cost analysis. Appendix A contains the energy and life cycle cost analysis spreadsheets. The EEMs will be grouped into the following prioritized categories: Behavioral or Operational: EEMs that require minimal capital investment but require operational or behavioral changes. The EEMs provide a life cycle savings but an analysis is not performed because the guaranteed energy savings is difficult quantify. High Priority: EEMs that require a small capital investment and offer a life cycle savings. Also included in this category are higher cost EEMs that offer significant life cycle savings. Medium Priority: EEMs that require a significant capital investment to provide a life cycle savings. Many medium priority EEMs provide a high life cycle savings and offer substantial incentive to increase investment in building energy efficiency. Low Priority: EEMs that will save energy but do not provide a life cycle savings. BEHAVIORAL OR OPERATIONAL The following EEMs are recommended for implementation. They require behavioral or operational changes that can occur with minimal investment to achieve immediate savings. These EEMs are not easily quantified by analysis because they cannot be accurately predicted. They are recommended because they offer a life cycle savings, represent good practice, and are accepted features of high performance buildings. EEM-1: Weather-strip Doors Purpose: Energy will be saved if doors and windows are properly weather-stripped to reduce infiltration. All exterior steel doors have damaged or missing weather-stripping. Scope: Replace weather- stripping on all doors. EEM-2: Insulate Walls Above Ceilings Purpose: Energy will be saved if insulation is added to the inside of the exterior walls above the ceiling. Air infiltration is occurring, resulting in considerable heat loss and issues with cold spaces. Insulating the walls will reduce the air infiltration. Scope: Insulate the exterior walls above the ceiling to minimize infiltration and heat loss. Dzantik’i Heeni Middle School 9 Energy Audit (December 2011) HIGH PRIORITY The following EEMs are recommended for implementation because they are low cost measures that have a high savings to investment ratio. The EEMs are listed from highest to lowest priority. Negative values, in parenthesis, represent savings. EEM-3: Isolate Standby Boiler Purpose: The building operates the two fuel oil boilers throughout the school year. The standby boiler stays hot and acts as a heat radiator. Energy will be saved if the standby boiler is isolated. Scope: Delay turning on the standby boiler until October 15 and turn off the lead boiler by March 31. Isolate the standby boiler by closing the valve in the heating supply to minimize convection currents within the boiler. Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR $0 ($3,140) ($3,140) $200 $0 ($89,000) ($88,800) 445.0 EEM-4: Operate Electric Boiler Purpose: The electric boiler is currently not in service. The boiler is on AEL&P’s interruptible rate, which offers a ~10% savings over fuel oil heat. Energy costs will be less if the boiler is returned to service and operated whenever AEL&P has surplus power. Scope: Return the electric boiler to service and operate it whenever AEL&P has surplus hydroelectric power. Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR ($760) ($17,340) ($18,100) $5,000 ($14,700) ($491,400) ($501,100) 101.2 EEM-5: Disconnect HW Heater Elements Purpose: The electric domestic hot water heater in the boiler room uses three 4.5 kw heating element stages. The recovery rate of the heater exceeds hot water demand, therefore excess elements are contributing to the electrical demand charges during peak hours. Energy costs will be reduced if one of the heating element stages is disconnected. If the recovery rate is still is sufficient, disconnect a second element, which will reduce the peak demand from 13.5 kw to 4.5 kw. Scope: Disconnect one or two of the hot water heater elements. Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR $0 ($680) ($680) $200 $0 ($13,300) ($13,100) 66.5 Dzantik’i Heeni Middle School 10 Energy Audit (December 2011) EEM-6: Install Pipe Insulation Purpose: A section of domestic hot water pipe is uninsulated in the boiler room. Energy will be saved if this section of domestic hot water pipe is optimally insulated. Scope: Install insulation on uninsulated domestic hot water piping . Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR $0 ($130) ($130) $100 $0 ($2,500) ($2,400) 25.0 EEM-7: Replace Aerators and Showerheads Purpose: Energy and water will be saved by replacing the lavatory aerators and the showerheads with low-flow models. Scope: Replace lavatory aerators and showerheads with water-conserving fixtures. Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR $0 ($1,000) ($1,000) $1,200 $0 ($19,700) ($18,500) 16.4 EEM-8: Replace Transformers Purpose: The electrical room uses a 300 kVA transformer and the diesel generator room uses a 15 kVA transformer. Energy will be saved if these less-efficient transformers are replaced with energy efficient models that comply with NEMA Standard TP 1-2001. Scope: Replace less-efficient transformers with a NEMA Standard TP 1-2001compiant model. Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR $0 ($2,940) ($2,940) $3,900 $0 ($57,700) ($53,800) 14.8 EEM-9: Replace Library Single Pane Window Purpose: An outside window in the 2nd floor library was broken and repaired with Plexiglas. The estimated R-0.5 insulation factor of the Plexiglas is 1/10 the R-5 optimal value for new construction. Energy will be saved if the Plexiglas in the window is replaced with a double pane glazing unit. Scope: Replace single pane Plexiglas with a double pane insulating glazing unit. Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR $0 ($150) ($150) $600 $0 ($4,300) ($3,700) 7.2 Dzantik’i Heeni Middle School 11 Energy Audit (December 2011) EEM-10: Optimize Gym HVAC System Purpose: The Gym AHU-2 is a constant flow system supplying a fixed amount of ventilation air. Converting the unit to variable flow will reduce fan energy when the gym does not require cooling, which is the majority of the time. Adding demand control ventilation will vary the outside air with occupancy, which will significantly reduce the heating load. Scope: Convert AHU-2 to DDC controls. Install a VFD to modulate the fan speed, and automatic damper to modulate air flow to the gym, and a CO2 sensor to modulate the outside air. Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR $100 ($8,550) ($8,450) $53,300 $1,900 ($230,600) ($175,400) 4.3 EEM-11: Install DHW Pump Control Purpose: Energy will be saved if the hot water recirculating pump is only operating as needed. Scope: Install a temperature sensor on the hot water recirculating pump. Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR $0 ($60) ($60) $300 $0 ($1,100) ($800) 3.7 MEDIUM PRIORITY Medium priority EEMs require planning and a higher level of investment. They are recommended because they offer a life cycle savings. The EEMs are listed from highest to lowest priority. Negative values, in parenthesis, represent savings. EEM-12: Install Entry Heaters Purpose: The main entryways do not have a heating unit, so the interior doors of the arctic entry are left open to prevent space freezing. This negates the benefits of the arctic entry, increasing infiltration into the building. Installing cabinet unit heaters in the arctic entrance will allow the arctic entrance to function properly, reducing infiltration. Scope: Install cabinet unit heaters in the entryway spaces. Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR $0 ($960) ($960) $9,600 $0 ($27,300) ($17,700) 2.8 Dzantik’i Heeni Middle School 12 Energy Audit (December 2011) EEM-13: Install Modulating Burners Purpose: The boilers have low-hi-low fire burners that fire on low, shift to high fire and then turn off once the setpoint is reached. Energy will be saved if modulating burners are installed to match boiler output with the load. Scope: Install modulating Weishaupt burners on the boilers with control panel. Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR $600 ($4,340) ($3,740) $42,000 $11,600 ($122,900) ($69,300) 2.7 EEM-14: Replace 1st Floor Single Pane Windows Purpose: The first floor windows and doors consist of aluminum frames and single-pane Plexiglas. The estimated R-0.5 insulation factor of the Plexiglas is 1/10 the R-5 optimal value for new construction. As a result these units are significantly contributing to the building heating load. Energy will be saved if the single pane glazing in the first floor windows and doors is replaced with double pane glazing units. Scope: Replace single pane Plexiglas with triple pane insulated glazing units with thermally broken frames. Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR $0 ($38,060) ($38,060) $542,600 $0 ($1,078,800) ($536,200) 2.0 EEM-15: Convert to Variable Flow Pumping Purpose: The hydronic heating system has two sets of heating pumps for the building. Energy will be saved if the main heating pumps P-2A and P-2B are converted to variable flow. Scope: Install VFDs to control pumps P-2A and P-2B and implement a control strategy for variable flow of the hydronic heating system. Replace the three-way valves serving AHU-2 and the five largest reheat coils to two-way valves. Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR $300 ($3,090) ($2,790) $33,500 $5,800 ($60,600) ($21,300) 1.6 EEM-16: Upgrade Motors to Premium Efficiency Purpose: Energy will be saved if less-efficient motors are upgraded to NEMA Premium® motors. Scope: Replace the following motors with NEMA Premium® motors. AHU-1: 75 HP (2) RF-1A/RF-1B: 10 HP AHU-2: 20 HP EF-1: 10 HP P-2A/P-2B: 10 HP P-3A/P-3B: 2 HP Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR $0 ($1,820) ($1,820) $24,400 $0 ($35,700) ($11,300) 1.5 Dzantik’i Heeni Middle School 13 Energy Audit (December 2011) EEM-17: Install Heat Recovery System Purpose: Exhaust fan EF-1 discharges 12,240 cfm from the building to the outside without heat recovery. The boiler room and electric room have high internal heat gain that is not beneficial to the building. Energy will be saved if this heat is recovered and used to preheat the outside air flow to AHU-1. Scope: Install a heat recovery coil in the EF-1 exhaust duct and increase the size of the EF-1 motor and starter. Install a heat recovery fan coil unit in the boiler room and electrical room. Install a heat recovery fan coil unit in the storage room to draw air from the outside air plenum and preheat it with the recovered heat. Install a piping loop between all equipment to provide a complete heat recovery system. Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR $900 ($7,940) ($7,040) $169,800 $17,400 ($235,900) ($48,700) 1.3 LOW PRIORITY Low priority EEMs do not offer a life cycle energy savings and are not recommended. EEM-18: Install Domestic Hot Water Heat Pump Purpose: Energy will be saved if the heat generated from the boiler room was utilized to heat domestic hot water. Scope: Install a domestic hot water heat pump in the boiler room. Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR $300 ($700) ($400) $12,300 $5,800 ($13,700) $4,400 0.6 EEM-19: Upgrade Hand Dryers Purpose: Existing hand dryers in lavatories and locker rooms have integral heater units. Modern efficient hand dryers simply use high speed air for drying without the use of heating elements. Energy will be saved if existing hand dryers are replaced with units that do not have heating elements. Scope: Replace hand dryers with forced air-only units. Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR $0 ($270) ($270) $13,500 $0 ($5,300) $8,200 0.4 Dzantik’i Heeni Middle School 14 Energy Audit (December 2011) EEM-20: Reduce Exhaust Air Flow Purpose: Continuous high volume fixed flow exhaust rates are utilized in the Art and Food Prep Rooms to remove unwanted fumes. Energy will be saved if the exhaust flow is decreased or eliminated when the spaces are not occupied or when activities within the spaces do not require exhausting of the room air. Scope: Reduce or eliminate exhaust air from the Art and Food Prep Rooms. This EEM was not analyzed because the savings will not offset the high cost of converting the exhaust system to variable flow. EEM-21: Install Thermal Storage Purpose: If the electric boiler is returned to service to supply heat off-peak hours (EEM-8), it can store heat at night and on the weekend at 6.1¢ per kWh. This stored heat can then be used during occupied periods to heat the building. The adjacent storage room offers space for thermal storage tanks that could store heat to heat the building during occupied hours. Scope: Install thermal storage in the storage room adjacent to the boiler room. Program the DDC controls so that electric boiler recharges the storage off-peak. A preliminary analysis determined that this EEM will not generate sufficient savings to offset the high cost of thermal storage and controls. Dzantik’i Heeni Middle School 15 Energy Audit (December 2011) Section 4 Description of Systems ENERGY SYSTEMS This section provides a general description of the building systems. Energy conservation opportunities are addressed in the Energy Efficiency Measure section of the report. Building Envelope R-value Component Description (inside to outside) Existing Optimal Exterior Walls ½” Gyp. Bd, 6” steel studs, R-19 batt, shingle panel R-9 R-26 Below Grade Walls ½” Gyp. Bd, R-11 batt, 8” concrete, 2” fabric-faced insulation panel R-25 R-20 Roof 5/8” Gyp. Bd, R-30 batt w/ steel purlins R-25 R-46 Floor Slab Concrete slab-on-grade R-10 R-10 Perimeter 2” fabric-faced insulated concrete footing R-10 R-15 Windows 1st Floor Aluminum; single pane plexiglass R-0.5 R-5 Windows 2nd Floor Aluminum; double pane R-2 R-5 Doors Metal frame w/o thermal break (plexiglass glazing units) R-2 R-5 Heating System The building is heated by two fuel oil boilers and one electric boiler that provide heat to two air handling unit systems. The heating system has the following pumps: CP-1 maintains heating water in the boiler header. The pump is secured and does not operate. CP-2A and CP-2B circulates heating water to the building heating units. CP-3A and CP-3B circulates heating water to the AHU-1 heat coils. CP-5A and CP-5B maintain minimum flow through the boilers. These pumps are secured and do not operate. CP-6 is the glycol make-up pump. Dzantik’i Heeni Middle School 16 Energy Audit (December 2011) Ventilation Systems Area Fan System Description Building AHU-1 Building ventilation system with mixing box, filters, heating coil, and supply fan Gym AHU-2 Gym ventilation system with mixing box, filters, heating coil, and supply fan Boiler Room CF-1 Wall-mounted propeller fan that supplies combustion and cooling air to the boiler room. The fan is secured and does not operate. Building RF-1A and RF-1B Wall-mounted propeller fans that return air to AHU-1 for reuse Building EF-1 Centrifugal utility fan that exhausts air from toilets, janitors, closets, and science life skills rooms Fabrication Room EF-2 Utility exhaust fan for the fume hood in the fabrication room Electrical Room EF-3 and EF-4 Local exhaust fans for electrical room cooling Domestic Hot Water System An electric hot water heater supplies the fixtures. The water conservation efficiency of the lavatory aerators and the showerheads can be improved. Automatic Control System The building was originally constructed with a pneumatic control system. A DDC system was added to allow remote control and monitoring of the system, with the pneumatics retained for operating damper and valve actuators. Lighting Interior lighting consists of T12 and T8 fluorescent lighting, incandescent spot lighting, metal halide, and high pressure sodium lighting fixtures. The lighting is manually controlled with minimal use of occupancy sensors throughout the building. Exterior lighting consists of high pressure sodium lighting with integral photocell control. Electric Equipment Commercial kitchen equipment for food warming is located in the food prep area. There are also household appliances, including refrigerators, microwaves, and stoves, in the life skills rooms. Dzantik’i Heeni Middle School 17 Energy Audit (December 2011) Section 5 Methodology Information for the energy audit was gathered through on-site observations, review of construction documents, and interviews with operation and maintenance personnel. The EEMs are evaluated using energy and life cycle cost analyses and are priority ranked for implementation. Energy Efficiency Measures Energy efficiency measures are identified by evaluating the building’s energy systems and comparing them to systems in modern, high performance buildings. The process for identifying the EEMs acknowledges the realities of an existing building that was constructed when energy costs were much lower. Many of the opportunities used in modern high performance buildings—highly insulated envelopes, variable capacity mechanical systems, heat pumps, daylighting, lighting controls, etc.— simply cannot be economically incorporated into an existing building. The EEMs represent practical measures to improve the energy efficiency of the buildings, taking into account the realities of limited budgets. If a future major renovation project occurs, additional EEMs common to high performance buildings should be incorporated. Life Cycle Cost Analysis The EEMs are evaluated using life cycle cost analysis which determines if an energy efficiency investment will provide a savings over a 25-year life. The analysis incorporates construction, replacement, maintenance, repair, and energy costs to determine the total cost over the life of the EEM. Future maintenance and energy cash flows are discounted to present worth using escalation factors for general inflation, energy inflation, and the value of money. The methodology is based on the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Handbook 135 – Life Cycle Cost Analysis. Life cycle cost analysis is preferred to simple payback for facilities that have long—often perpetual— service lives. Simple payback, which compares construction cost and present energy cost, is reasonable for short time periods of 2-4 years, but yields below optimal results over longer periods because it does not properly account for the time value of money or inflationary effects on operating budgets. Accounting for energy inflation and the time value of money properly sums the true cost of facility ownership and seeks to minimize the life cycle cost. Construction Costs The cost estimates are derived based on a preliminary understanding of the scope of each EEM as gathered during the walk-through audit. The construction costs for in-house labor are $60 per hour for work typically performed by maintenance staff and $110 per hour for contract labor. The cost estimate assumes the work will be performed as part of a larger renovation or energy efficiency upgrade project. When implementing EEMs, the cost estimate should be revisited once the scope and preferred method of performing the work has been determined. It is possible some EEMs will not provide a life cycle savings when the scope is finalized. Dzantik’i Heeni Middle School 18 Energy Audit (December 2011) Maintenance Costs Maintenance costs are based on in-house or contract labor using historical maintenance efforts and industry standards. Maintenance costs over the 25-year life of each EEM are included in the life cycle cost calculation spreadsheets and represent the level of effort to maintain the systems. Energy Analysis The energy performance of an EEM is evaluated within the operating parameters of the building. A Trane Trace 700 computer model is sued to analyze interactive EEMs, while hand calculations are used for localized EEMs. Energy savings and costs are estimated for the 25-year life of the EEM using appropriate factors for energy inflation. Prioritization Each EEM is prioritized based on the life cycle savings to investment ratio (SIR) using the following formula: Prioritization Factor = Life Cycle Savings / Capital Costs This approach factor puts significant weight on the capital cost of an EEM, making lower cost EEMs more favorable. Economic Factors The following economic factors are significant to the findings.  Nominal Interest Rate: This is the nominal rate of return on an investment without regard to inflation. The analysis uses a rate of 5%.  Inflation Rate: This is the average inflationary change in prices over time. The analysis uses an inflation rate of 2%.  Economic Period: The analysis is based on a 25-year economic period with construction beginning in 2010. Fuel Oil Fuel oil currently costs $3.20 per gallon for a seasonally adjusted blend of #1 and #2 fuel oil. The analysis is based on 6% fuel oil inflation which has been the average for the past 20-years. Dzantik’i Heeni Middle School 19 Energy Audit (December 2011) Electricity Electricity is supplied by Alaska Electric Light & Power Company (AEL&P). The building is billed for electricity under AEL&P’s Rate 24, Large Government with Demand. This rate charges for both electrical consumption (kWh) and peak electric demand (kW). Electrical consumption is the amount of energy consumed and electric demand is the rate of consumption. AEL&P determines the electric demand by averaging demand over a continuously sliding fifteen minute window. The highest fifteen minute average during the billing period determines the peak demand. The following table lists the electric charges, which include a recent 24% rate hike: AEL&P Large Government Rate Charge 1 On-peak (Nov-May) Off-peak (June-Oct) Energy Charge per kWh 6.11¢ 5.73¢ Demand Charge per kW $14.30 $9.11 Service Charge per month $99.24 $99.24 Over recent history, electricity inflation has been less than 1% per year, which has lagged general inflation. An exception is the 24% rate hike that was primarily due to construction of additional hydroelectric generation at Lake Dorothy. This project affords the community a surplus of power which should bring electric inflation back to the historic rate of 1% per year. Load growth from electric heat conversions is likely to increase generating and distribution costs, especially if diesel supplementation is needed. Combining these two factors contribute to an assumed electricity inflation rate of 3%. Summary The following table summarizes the energy and economic factors used in the analysis. Summary of Economic and Energy Factors Factor Rate or Cost Factor Rate or Cost Nominal Discount Rate 5% Electricity Current rates General Inflation Rate 2% Electricity Inflation 3% Fuel Oil Cost (2012) $3.42/gal Fuel Oil Inflation 6% Dzantik’i Heeni Middle School 20 Energy Audit (December 2011) Appendix A Energy and Life Cycle Cost Analysis Dzantik’i Heeni Middle School 21 Energy Audit (December 2011) Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Energy and Life Cycle Cost Analysis 25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907.789.1226 Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us Dzantik'I Heeni Middle School Basis Economic Study Period (years) 25 Nominal Discount Rate 5%General Inflation 3% Energy 2011 $/gal Fuel Inflation 2012 $/gal Fuel Oil $3.52 6% $3.73 Electricity $/kWh (2011)$/kW (2011)Inflation $/kWh (2012)$/kW (2012) w/ Demand Charges $0.060 $12.14 3% $0.062 $12.50 w/o Demand Charges $0.104 -3% $0.107 - EEM-3: Isolate Standby Boiler Energy Analysis Boiler Input MBH Loss %Loss MBH Hours, exist Hours, new kBtu η boiler Gallons B-1 2,590 0.75% 19 5,760 3,600 -41,966 72%-421 B-2 2,590 0.75% 19 5,760 3,600 -41,966 72%-421 39 -83,931 -842 Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost Construction Costs Stage boiler operation 0 2 ea $100 $200 Energy Costs Fuel Oil 1 - 25 -842 gal $3.73 ($89,014) Net Present Worth ($88,800) EEM-4: Operate Electric Boiler Energy Analysis FO use, gal % shifted FO Savings Elec kBtu kWh 29,056 -95% -27,603 2,599,669 802,021 Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost Construction Costs Return electric boiler to service 0 1 ea $5,000 $5,000 Annual Costs Electric boiler maintenance 1 - 25 1 ea $200.00 $3,857 Fuel oil boielr maintenance 1 - 25 -16 ea $60.00 ($18,512) Energy Costs Water 1 - 25 kgals $10.960 $0 Electric Energy 1 - 25 kWh $0.062 $0 Electric Demand 1 - 25 kW $12.50 $0 Electric Energy (Interruptible Rate) 1 - 25 802,021 kWh $0.107 $2,427,874 Fuel Oil 1 - 25 -27,603 gal $3.73 ($2,919,291) Net Present Worth ($501,100) Dzantik’i Heeni Middle School 22 Energy Audit (December 2011) Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Energy and Life Cycle Cost Analysis 25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907.789.1226 Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us Dzantik'I Heeni Middle School EEM-5 Disconnect HW Heater Elements Energy Analysis kW, exist kW, exist kW Savings 13.5 9 -4.5 Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost Construction Costs Disconnect HW Heater Elements 0 2 ea $60 $120 Monitor HW Load 0 2 ea $60 $120 Energy Costs Electric Demand 1 - 25 -54 kW $12.50 ($13,273) Net Present Worth ($13,000) EEM-6: Install Pipe Insulation Energy Analysis Service Size Length Bare BTUH Insul BTUH Factor kBtu η HW Heater kWh DHW 1.50 15 42 6 100% -4,730 68%-2,039 Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost Construction Costs Pipe Insulation 1/2"0 15 lnft $5 $75 Energy Costs Electric Energy 1 - 25 -2,039 kWh $0.062 ($2,477) Net Present Worth ($2,400) EEM-7: Replace Aerators and Showerheads Energy Analysis Fixture Existing Proposed Uses/day Days Water,Gals % HW kBTU kWh Showerhead 20.0 15.0 15 180 -13,500 80% -7,206 -2,112 Lavatories 0.3 0.2 700 180 -22,680 80% -12,106 -3,548 -36,180 -5,660 Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost Construction Costs Replace lavatory aerators 0 21 ea $35 $735 Replace showerhead 0 12 ea $35 $420 Energy Costs Water 1 - 25 -36 kgals $10.960 ($7,795) Electric Energy (Effective Cost)1 - 25 -5,660 kWh $0.107 ($11,918) Net Present Worth ($18,600) Gallons per Use Dzantik’i Heeni Middle School 23 Energy Audit (December 2011) Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Energy and Life Cycle Cost Analysis 25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907.789.1226 Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us Dzantik'I Heeni Middle School EEM-8: Replace Transformers Energy Analysis Location kVA ηold ηnew KW kWh Gen Room 15 95.8% 98.1% -0.3 -3,022 Elec Room 300 97.7% 99.0% -3.9 -34,164 -4.2 -37,186 Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost Construction Costs Replace transformer, kVA 15 0 1 LS $3,900 $3,900 Replace transformer, kVA 300 0 1 LS $22,800 $22,800 Annual Costs 1 - 25 $50.00 $0 Energy Costs Electric Energy 1 - 25 -37,186 kWh $0.062 ($45,175) Electric Demand 1 - 25 -51 kW $12.50 ($12,521) Net Present Worth ($31,000) EEM-9: Replace Library Single Pane Window Energy Analysis Component Area R,exist R,new ΔT MBH kBtu η boiler Gallons Windows 10 0.50 2.25 28 -0.4 -3,815 68%-41 Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost Construction Costs Replace window glazing unit 0 10 sqft $55 $550 Energy Costs Fuel Oil 1 - 25 -41 gal $3.73 ($4,285) Net Present Worth ($3,700) Dzantik’i Heeni Middle School 24 Energy Audit (December 2011) Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Energy and Life Cycle Cost Analysis 25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907.789.1226 Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us Dzantik'I Heeni Middle School EEM-10: Optimize Gym HVAC System Energy Analysis Ventilation Savings SA CFM % OSA Exist OSA CFM % Reduce New OSA CFM 24,000 20% 4,800 90% 480 Tave Trm MBH Hours kBtu η boiler Gallons 40 64 -112 1,620 -181,399 68% -1,926 Fan Savings Case CFM ΔP η, fan BHP η, motor kW Hours kWh Existing -24,000 2.5 55% -17 93% -14 1,620 -22,304 New 16,000 2.0 55%9 93%7 1,620 11,895 -6 -10,408 Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost Construction Costs Install VFD 0 1 LS $9,000 $9,000 Convert AHU-2 to DDC; add CO2 sensor, pressure sensor, VFD control 0 1 LS $15,000 $15,000 Gym VAV damper 0 1 LS $2,000 $2,000 Controls 0 1 LS $4,000 $4,000 Estimating contingency 0 15%$4,500 Overhead & profit 0 30% $10,350 Design fees 0 10%$4,485 Project management 0 8%$3,947 Annual Costs VFD maintenance 1 - 25 1 LS $100.00 $1,928 Energy Costs Electric Energy 1 - 25 -10,408 kWh $0.062 ($12,645) Electric Demand 1 - 25 -58 kW $12.50 ($14,213) Fuel Oil 1 - 25 -1,926 gal $3.73 ($203,701) Net Present Worth ($175,300) EEM-11: Install DHW Pump Control Energy Analysis Watts Hours, ex Hours, new kWh 92 6,480 756 -527 Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost Construction Costs Install timer/ thermostat 0 1 ls $300 $300 Energy Costs Electric Energy (Effective Cost) 1 - 25 -527 kWh $0.107 ($1,109) Net Present Worth ($800) Dzantik’i Heeni Middle School 25 Energy Audit (December 2011) Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Energy and Life Cycle Cost Analysis 25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907.789.1226 Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us Dzantik'I Heeni Middle School EEM-12: Install Entry Heaters Energy Analysis Infiltration Estimate CFM # Entrances Tinside Toutside MBH Hours kBtu η boiler Gallons 250 2 65 40 -14 1,800 -24,300 68%-258 Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost Construction Costs Install cabinet unit heater 0 2 ea $4,800 $9,600 0$0$0 0$0$0 Annual Costs 1 - 25 $60.00 $0 1 - 25 $60.00 $0 1 - 25 $50.00 $0 Energy Costs Water 1 - 25 kgals $10.960 $0 Electric Energy 1 - 25 kWh $0.062 $0 Electric Demand 1 - 25 kW $12.50 $0 Electric Energy (Effective Cost)1 - 25 kWh $0.107 $0 Fuel Oil 1 - 25 -258 gal $3.73 ($27,288) Net Present Worth ($17,700) EEM-13: Install Modulating Burners Energy Analysis Annual Gal % Savings Savings, Gal 29,056 -4.0% -1,162 Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost Construction Costs Install modulating burner 0 2 LS $21,000 $42,000 Annual Costs Burner maintenance 1 - 25 2 ea $300 $11,570 Energy Costs Fuel Oil 1 - 25 -1,162 gal $3.73 ($122,918) Net Present Worth ($69,300) EEM-14: Replace 1st Floor Single Pane Windows Energy Analysis Component Area R,exist R,new ΔT MBH kBtu η boiler Gallons Windows 2,350 0.50 3.0 28 -109.7 -960,680 68% -10,200 Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost Construction Costs Replace window glazing unit 0 2,350 sqft $130 $305,500 Estimating contingency 0 15% $45,825.00 Overhead & profit 0 30% $105,397.50 Design fees 0 10% $45,672.25 Project management 0 8% $40,191.58 Energy Costs Fuel Oil 1 - 25 -10,200 gal $3.73 ($1,078,793) Net Present Worth ($536,200) Dzantik’i Heeni Middle School 26 Energy Audit (December 2011) Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Energy and Life Cycle Cost Analysis 25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907.789.1226 Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us Dzantik'I Heeni Middle School EEM-15: Convert to Variable Flow Pumping Energy Analysis From Trace Energy Model KWH, ex kW, ex kWh, new kW, new Total, kW Total, kWh 738,122 239 697,913 235 -4 -40,209 Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost Construction Costs Install 10 HP VFD's 0 2 ea $7,000 $14,000 Remove 3-way valve 0 1 ea $2,000 $2,000 Replace AHU-2 3-way valve with 2-way 0 1 ea $4,000 $4,000 Replace 5 largest RHC 3-way valves with 2-way 0 5 ea $700 $3,500 Controls 0 1 ea $10,000 $10,000 Estimating contingency 0 15%$5,025 Overhead & profit 0 30% $11,558 Design fees 0 10%$5,008 Project management 0 8%$4,407 Annual Costs VFD and control maintenance 1 - 25 1 LS $300.00 $5,785 Energy Costs Electric Energy 1 - 25 -40,209 kWh $0.062 ($48,848) Electric Demand 1 - 25 -48 kW $12.50 ($11,799) Net Present Worth $4,600 EEM-16: Upgrade Motors to Premium Efficiency Energy Analysis Equip Number HP ηold ηnew kW Hours % Load kWh P-3A/3B 2 2 80.8% 86.5% -0.17 1,620 100%-276 RF-1A/B 2 10 85.7% 91.7% -0.90 1,620 45%-653 EF-1 1 10 85.7% 91.7% -0.45 1,620 100%-725 P-2A/2B 2 10 85.7% 91.7% -0.90 6,480 100%-5,801 AHU-2 1 20 88.5% 93.0% -0.67 1,620 100%-1,088 AHU-1 2 75 91.7% 95.4% -4.14 1,620 50%-3,354 -7.2 -11,895 Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost Construction Costs HP Replace motor 2 0 2 LS 800 $1,600 Replace motor 10 0 5 LS 1,600 $8,000 Replace motor 20 0 1 LS 2,800 $2,800 Replace motor 75 0 2 LS 6,000 $12,000 Energy Costs Electric Energy 1 - 25 -11,895 kWh $0.062 ($14,451) Electric Demand 1 - 25 -87 kW $12.50 ($21,296) Net Present Worth ($11,300) Dzantik’i Heeni Middle School 27 Energy Audit (December 2011) Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Energy and Life Cycle Cost Analysis 25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907.789.1226 Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us Dzantik'I Heeni Middle School EEM-17: Install Heat Recovery System Energy Analysis Heat Recovery EF-1 CFM T,ex T,osa n MBH Hours kBtu η boiler Gallons 12,240 70 40 25% -99 1,620 -160,613 68%-1,705 Transformer Location kVA ηnew kW kBtu η boiler Factor Gallons Elec Room -300 99.0% -3.0 -89,667 68% 33% -314 Boiler Room # Boilers Input MBH Loss kBtu η boiler Factor Gallons -1 2,590 1% -167,832 68% 25% -446 Fan Energy System CFM ΔP η, fan BHP Hours kWh HR AHU 15,000 1.50 55% 6.44 1,620 7,778 EF-1 12,240 0.75 55% 2.63 1,620 3,174 BR Fan Coil 1,200 1.50 55% 0.51 1,620 622 Elect Fan Coil 400 1.50 55% 0.17 1,620 207 11,782 Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost Construction Costs Heat recovery AHU to preheat OSA 0 1 ea $54,000 $54,000 Heat recovery loop and pump 0 1 ea $17,000 $17,000 Boiler room fan coil unit 0 1 ea $6,400 $6,400 Electric room fan coil unit 0 1 ea $6,200 $6,200 EF-1 heat recovery coil, larger motor and starter 0 1 ea $20,000 $20,000 Estimating contingency 0 15% $15,540 Overhead & profit 0 20% $23,828 Design fees 0 10% $14,297 Project management 0 8% $12,581 Annual Costs AHU maintenance 1 - 25 1 LS $500.00 $9,642 Fan coil maintenance 1 - 25 1 LS $250.00 $4,821 Pump maintenance 1 - 25 1 LS $150.00 $2,892 Energy Costs Electric Energy (Effective Cost)1 - 25 11,782 kWh $0.107 $24,809 Fuel Oil 1 - 25 -2,465 gal $3.73 ($260,705) Net Present Worth ($48,700) Dzantik’i Heeni Middle School 28 Energy Audit (December 2011) Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Energy and Life Cycle Cost Analysis 25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907.789.1226 Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us Dzantik'I Heeni Middle School EEM-18: Install Domestic Hot Water Heat Pump Energy Analysis Fuel Oil Fixture Proposed Uses/day Days Water,Gals % HW kBTU η heater kWh Lavatories -0.2 1,000 180 -36,000 80% -19,215 92%-6,121 Sinks -0.5 75 365 -13,688 80% -7,306 92%-2,327 -49,688 -26,521 -8,449 Electricity Fixture kBTU COP kWh Lavatories 19,215 4 1,408 Sinks 7,306 4 535 26,521 1,943 Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost Construction Costs Install DHW Heat Pump 0 1 LS $9,000 $9,000 Estimating contingency 0 5%$450 Overhead & profit 0 30%$2,835 Annual Costs DHWHP Maintenance 1 - 25 1 LS $300.00 $5,785 Energy Costs Electric Energy (Effective Cost)1 - 25 -6,506 kWh $0.107 ($13,699) Net Present Worth $4,400 EEM-19: Upgrade Hand Dryers Energy Analysis Uses/Day Days kWh, ex kWh, new Savings, kWh 700 180 0.025 0.005 -2,520 Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost Construction Costs Replace air dryers 0 18 LS $750 $13,500 Annual Costs 1 - 25 $60.00 $0 Energy Costs Electric Energy (Effective Cost) 1 - 25 -2,520 kWh $0.107 ($5,306) Net Present Worth $8,200 Dzantik’i Heeni Middle School 29 Energy Audit (December 2011) Appendix B Energy and Utility Data Dzantik’i Heeni Middle School 30 Energy Audit (December 2011) Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Billing Data 25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907-789-1226 Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us Dzantik'i Heeni Middle School ELECTRIC RATE Electricity ($ / kWh )0.0611 0.0592 Demand ( $ / kW )14.30 9.11 Customer Charge ( $ / mo )99.24 99.24 Sales Tax ( % )0.0% 0.0% ELECTRICAL CONSUMPTION AND DEMAND kWh kW kWh kW kWh kW kWh kW Jan 83,920 252.8 74,690 241.1 61,120 226.1 64,650 217.7 71,095 Feb 89,920 240.0 82,420 241.0 67,730 216.7 78,430 226.0 79,625 Mar 84,640 230.4 75,610 224.9 68,120 216.1 70,210 221.4 74,645 Apr 89,760 232.8 67,880 230.9 66,900 217.3 67,210 231.2 72,938 May 99,200 230.4 56,940 228.8 64,350 224.2 71,580 234.0 73,018 Jun 71,920 229.6 38,750 179.4 58,410 227.3 59,630 228.0 57,178 Jul 25,360 74.4 14,430 101.8 20,740 95.7 32,920 123.6 23,363 Aug 27,520 92.0 8,210 36.5 22,260 76.4 24,880 55.3 20,718 Sep 57,120 233.6 41,440 221.8 41,750 220.0 51,780 218.1 48,023 Oct 73,120 238.4 74,440 228.6 68,840 228.5 71,680 240.4 72,020 Nov 78,320 248.8 72,880 227.4 71,660 225.0 78,140 235.3 75,250 Dec 81,670 241.1 70,030 231.0 72,570 223.8 70,510 236.0 73,695 Total 862,470 677,720 684,450 741,620 741,565 Average 71,873 212 56,477 199 57,038 200 61,802 206 61,797 Load Factor 46.4%38.8%39.1%41.2%204 ELECTRIC BILLING DETAILS Month Energy Demand Cust & Tax Total Energy Demand Cust & Tax Total % Change Jan 3,734 3,233 99 7,067 3,950 3,113 99 7,162 1.4% Feb 4,138 3,099 99 7,336 4,792 3,232 99 8,123 10.7% Mar 4,162 3,090 99 7,352 4,290 3,166 99 7,555 2.8% Apr 4,088 3,107 99 7,294 4,107 3,306 99 7,512 3.0% May 3,932 3,206 99 7,237 4,374 3,346 99 7,819 8.0% Jun 3,569 2,071 99 5,739 3,643 2,077 99 5,820 1.4% Jul 1,267 872 99 2,238 2,011 1,126 99 3,237 44.6% Aug 1,360 696 99 2,155 1,520 504 99 2,123 -1.5% Sep 2,551 2,004 99 4,654 3,164 1,987 99 5,250 12.8% Oct 4,206 2,082 99 6,387 4,380 2,190 99 6,669 4.4% Nov 4,378 3,218 99 7,695 4,774 3,365 99 8,238 7.1% Dec 4,434 3,200 99 7,734 4,308 3,375 99 7,782 0.6% Total $ 41,820 $ 29,878 $ 1,191 $ 72,889 $ 45,313 $ 30,787 $ 1,191 $ 77,291 6.0% Average $ 3,485 $ 2,490 $ 99 $ 6,074 $ 3,776 $ 2,566 $ 99 $ 6,441 6.0% Cost ($/kWh)$0.106 59% 40% 2% $0.104 -2.1% Electrical costs are based on the current electric rates. 2009 2010 2010 AEL&P Electric Rate 24 On-Peak Nov-May Off-peak Jun-Oct Month 2007 2008 2009 Average Dzantik’i Heeni Middle School 31 Energy Audit (December 2011) Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Annual Electric Consumption 25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907-789-1226 Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us Dzantik'i Heeni Middle School 0 20,000 40,000 60,000 80,000 100,000 120,000 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov DecElectric Use (kWh)Month of the Year Electric Use History 2007 2008 2009 2010 0.0 50.0 100.0 150.0 200.0 250.0 300.0 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov DecElectric Demand (kW)Month of the Year Electric Demand History 2007 2008 2009 2010 Dzantik’i Heeni Middle School 32 Energy Audit (December 2011) Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Electric Cost 25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907-789-1226 Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us Dzantik'i Heeni Middle School 2010 $ 0 $ 1,000 $ 2,000 $ 3,000 $ 4,000 $ 5,000 $ 6,000 $ 7,000 $ 8,000 $ 9,000 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov DecElectric Cost (USD)Month of the Year Electric Cost Breakdown 2010 Electric Use (kWh) Costs Electric Demand (kW) Costs Customer Charge and Taxes 0.0 50.0 100.0 150.0 200.0 250.0 300.0 0 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 60,000 70,000 80,000 90,000 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Electric Demand (kW)Electric Use (kWh)Month of the Year Electric Use and Demand Comparison 2010 Electric Use Electric Demand Dzantik’i Heeni Middle School 33 Energy Audit (December 2011) Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Annual Fuel Oil Consumption 25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907-789-1226 Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us Dzantik'i Heeni Middle School Year Fuel Oil Degree Days 2,007 27,351 9,282 2,008 29,694 9,093 2,009 31,340 9,284 2,010 27,838 9,013 5,000 6,000 7,000 8,000 9,000 10,000 0 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 30,000 35,000 2007 2008 2009 2010 Degree DaysGallons of Fuel OilYear Annual Fuel Oil Use Fuel Oil Degree Days Dzantik’i Heeni Middle School 34 Energy Audit (December 2011) Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Annual Water Consumption 25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907-789-1226 Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us Dzantik'i Heeni Middle School Year Water 2,007 420,000 2,008 384,000 2,009 396,000 2,010 384,000 Average 396,000 300,000 320,000 340,000 360,000 380,000 400,000 420,000 440,000 2007 2008 2009 2010Gallons of WaterYear Annual Water Use Dzantik’i Heeni Middle School 35 Energy Audit (December 2011) Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Billing Data 25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907-789-1226 Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us Annual Energy Consumption and Cost Energy Cost $/MMBtu Area ECI EUI Fuel Oil $3.52 $36.31 93,600 $1.92 69 Electricity $0.104 $32.15 Source Cost Electricity 741,565 kWh $77,300 2,530 39% Fuel Oil 29,056 Gallons $102,300 3,950 61% Totals -$179,600 6,480 100% Annual Energy Consumption and Cost Consumption Energy, MMBtu Dzantik’i Heeni Middle School 36 Energy Audit (December 2011) Appendix C Equipment Data Dzantik’i Heeni Middle School 37 Energy Audit (December 2011) MotorLocation Function Make Model Capacity HP / Volts / RPM / Effic NotesC-1 Boiler Room Vent FanPACEPM 183500 CFM 1 HPRF-1A Fan Room Return FanPACEPM 6646000 CFM 10 HPRF-1B Fan Room Return FanPACEPM 6646000 CFM 10 HPEF-1 Fan Room General Exhaust PACEU36 AF 12240 CFM 5 HPEF-2 Fabrication Room Fume HoodKEWANEE 5-23302-CA 750 CFM 1/2 HPEF-3 Electrical Room CoolingPENNZ-10300 CFM 130 WattEF-4 Electrical Room CoolingPENNZ-8150 CFM 105 WattAHU-1 B236HeatingPACEP54105000 CFM 75 HPAHU-2 A102HeatingPACEP4024000 CFM 20 HPFan Room TransformerField7486100 KVAFan Room TransformerField7486100 KVAFan Room TransformerField7480100 KVAP-1 Boiler Room Head Circulation Taco12243N1-4.3 65 GPM 1/4 HP/ 115 V/ 1725 RPMP2-A Boiler Room East, West Wing Heat TacoCM2510-9.25 360 GPM 10 HP/ 480 V/ 1760 RPM/ 89.5%P-2B Boiler Room East, West Wing Heat TacoCM2510-9.25 360 GPM10 HP/ 480 V/ 1760 RPM/ 89.5% Discharge P. 49 PSIP-3A Boiler Room AHU - 1 HeatCoil Taco CM2007-5.8 130 GPM 2 HP/ 480 V/ 1730 RPM/ 78%P-3B Boiler Room AHU - 1 HeatCoil Taco CM2007-5.8 130 GPM 2 HP/ 480 V/ 1730 RPM/ 78% Discharge P. 26 PSIP5-AB Boiler Room Boiler Circulation Taco 5AS5JXFSE-3749 37 GPM 1/6 HP/ 120 V NOT USEDP-6 Boiler Room Glycol MakeUp Jacuzzi 5RP2-5 9 GPM 1/2 HP/ 115 V/ 1725 RPMP-7 Boiler Room Hot Water Bell and Gosset NBF 22 12 GPM 92 WP-8 Under Ground Fuel 10 GPM 1/3 HP/ 208 VUnit IDDzantiki Heeni Middle School - Major Equipment InventoryDzantik’i Heeni Middle School 38 Energy Audit (December 2011) MotorLocation Function Make Model Capacity HP / Volts / RPM / Effic NotesUnit IDDzantiki Heeni Middle School - Major Equipment InventoryP-9 Elevator Return Sump Drain29 GPM 1/3 HPB-1B Boiler Room Building Heat Weil Mclain 9882176 MBHBoiler Room BurnerGorden Piatt WR 8.4-0-20B-1A Boiler Room Building Heat Weil Mclain 9882176 MBHBoiler Room BurnerGorden Piatt WR 8.4-0-20B-2 Boiler Room Electric Boiler Clever Brooks CWB-202 576 kWWH-1 Boiler Room Oil, Water Heat A.V. Smith COP600-850 600 gal/816 GPHBoiler RoomBurnerPowerflame CR1-0 CR1-0FH-1Fume HoodMain Electric XFMRSquare D20KVAGenerator Room Backup power generation Perkins40 KWGenerator Room XRMRSquare D15 KVAWH-2 Boiler Room Domestic Hot Water A O Smith BRE 80A 80 gal/13.5 KWElevator Room Hydrolic Pump DoverEP-80-203 stage/4.5 KW Each/ 140 degreesDzantik’i Heeni Middle School 39 Energy Audit (December 2011) Appendix D Abbreviations AHU Air handling unit BTU British thermal unit BTUH BTU per hour CBJ City and Borough of Juneau CMU Concrete masonry unit CO2 Carbon dioxide CUH Cabinet unit heater DDC Direct digital controls DHW Domestic hot water EAD Exhaust air damper EEM Energy efficiency measure EF Exhaust fan Gyp Bd Gypsum board HVAC Heating, Ventilating, Air- conditioning HW Hot water HWRP Hot water recirculating pump KVA Kilovolt-amps kW Kilowatt kWh Kilowatt-hour LED Light emitting diode MBH 1,000 Btu per hour MMBH 1,000,000 Btu per hour OAD Outside air damper PSI Per square inch PSIG Per square inch gage RAD Return air damper RF Return fan SIR Savings to investment ratio SF Supply fan UV Unit ventilator VAV Variable air volume VFD Variable frequency drive Dzantik’i Heeni Middle School 40 Energy Audit (December 2011)