HomeMy WebLinkAboutSEA-AEE-JNU Juneau Municipal Building 2012-EE
Municipal Building
City and Borough of Juneau
Funded by:
Final Report
October 2011
Prepared by:
Energy Audit
Table of Contents
Section 1: Executive Summary 2
Section 2: Introduction 5
Section 3: Energy Efficiency Measures 8
Section 4: Description of Systems 14
Section 5: Methodology 16
Appendix A: Energy and Life Cycle Cost Analysis 19
Appendix B: Electrical Data 26
Appendix C: Equipment Data 33
Appendix D: Abbreviations 35
Audit Team
The energy audit is performed by Alaska Energy Engineering LLC of Juneau, Alaska. The audit team
consists of:
Jim Rehfeldt, P.E., Energy Engineer
Jack Christiansen, Energy Consultant
Brad Campbell, Energy Auditor
Loras O’Toole P.E., Mechanical Engineer
Will Van Dyken P.E., Electrical Engineer
Curt Smit, P.E., Mechanical Engineer
Philip Iverson, Construction Estimator
Karla Hart, Technical Publications Specialist
Jill Carlile, Data Analyst
Grayson Carlile, Energy Modeler
City and Borough of Juneau Municipal Building 1 Energy Audit (October 2011)
Section 1
Executive Summary
An energy audit of the Municipal Building was performed by Alaska Energy Engineering LLC. The
investment grade audit was funded by Alaska Housing Finance Corporation (AHFC) to identify
opportunities to improve the energy performance of public buildings throughout Alaska.
The City and Borough of Juneau (CBJ) Municipal Building is a 20,936 square foot building that
contains offices, the Assembly Chambers, service spaces, utility spaces, public access restrooms, and
storage areas for support of municipal operations.
Building Assessment
The following summarizes our assessment of the building.
Envelope
Windows have been upgraded from the original units, but their selection and method of installation
falls short of current standards.
The main entries are single pane units with window curtains that have very poor weather stripping.
The utility man doors are not thermally broken, which causes them to conduct heat through the skin
to the outdoor. The public restroom access door weather stripping is missing.
The building perimeter and floor slab are not insulated, which was the standard when the building
was constructed. The walls are concrete without any insulation and the result is both a loss of
building efficiency and a poor working environment for staff operating around the perimeter of the
building.
The boiler room access door is acting as the combustion air intake to the space. This does not meet
code requirements.
Exterior doors are not thermally broken. Future exterior door replacement selection should include
this feature.
Heating System
The fuel oil boiler heating system is in fair condition; however, fairly simple improvements can be
made to improve its effectiveness and efficiency. Most of the terminal units have integral or manual
thermostats that do not provide tight thermal comfort of the building. An automatic control system for
the heating units is recommended to improve thermal comfort and efficiency.
Cooling Systems
As a result of unnecessarily high temperature setpoints on the multi-zone air handling unit,
insufficient zone control, and inadequate air exchange rates, multiple local cooling units are utilized
within the building to provide additional cooling in poor circulation zones. If the CBJ decides to
address the poor air circulation issue by installing a ventilation system, an effective and efficient
method of heat recovery could be utilized to transfer heat from the network and boiler rooms to
preheat incoming building air. This would also reduce the electrical load of the network space cooler
units.
City and Borough of Juneau Municipal Building 2 Energy Audit (October 2011)
Ventilation System
The building ventilation systems consist of a multizone air handling unit serving the Assembly
Chambers and public restrooms, toilet room exhaust fans, a general building exhaust fan located in
the basement, and operable windows. Insufficient ventilation is occurring within blocks of the
building interior that are isolated from the operable windows. As a result, air quality is poor in these
spaces.
Domestic Hot Water System
Hot water is produced by an electric hot water heater that is piped in parallel with an internal coil in
the boiler. This arrangement is not optimal as the flow is not being controlled to ensure it goes to the
less expensive energy source.
Lighting
Much of the lighting has been upgraded from the original T-12 to more efficient T-8 fluorescent
lamps in many of the interior spaces.
Further lighting upgrades are not recommended because an analysis determined the majority of the
fixture heat is useful toward heating the building. Other energy efficiency opportunities are outlined
in the Energy Efficiency Measures section of this report.
Energy Efficiency Measures (EEMs)
All buildings have opportunities to improve their energy efficiency. The energy audit revealed
numerous opportunities in which an efficiency investment will result in a net reduction in long-term
operating costs. Details are provided in Section 3 and Appendix A.
Behavioral and Operational EEMs
The following EEMs require behavioral and operational changes in the building use. The savings are
not readily quantifiable but these EEMs are highly recommended as low-cost opportunities that are a
standard of high performance buildings.
EEM-1: Adjust Photocell
EEM-2: Install Exhaust Fan EF-1 Timer in Public Restrooms
EEM-3: Install Exhaust Fan Timer in Employee Restrooms
EEM-4: Weather-Strip Doors
EEM-5: Isolate Unit Heater
EEM-6: Adjust AHU-1 Damper
EEM-7: Seal Penthouse Floor Opening
EEM-8: Seal Unnecessary Roof Top Penetrations
EEM-9: Install Controls for CP-3
EEM-10: Replace Thermostats
EEM-11: Replace Appliances with Energy Star Models
City and Borough of Juneau Municipal Building 3 Energy Audit (October 2011)
High and Medium Priority EEMs
The following EEMs are recommended for investment. They are ranked by life cycle savings to
investment ratio (SIR). This ranking method places a priority on low cost EEMs which can be
immediately funded, generating energy savings to fund higher cost EEMs in the following years.
Negative numbers, in parenthesis, represent savings.
Life Cycle Cost Analysis
Investment Operating Energy Total SIR
High Priority
EEM-12: Replace Aerators $400 $0 ($9,100) ($8,700) 22.8
EEM-13: Install Pipe Insulation $1,100 $0 ($17,200) ($16,100) 15.6
EEM-14: Adjust Boiler Thermostat $300 $0 ($2,300) ($2,000) 7.7
EEM-15: Perform Boiler Combustion Test $700 $2,300 ($7,300) ($4,300) 7.1
EEM-16: Add Wall and Roof Insulation $2,400 $0 ($15,900) ($13,500) 6.6
Medium Priority
EEM-17: Replace Time/Temp. Display $8,000 ($12,500) ($12,400) ($16,900) 3.1
EEM-18: Replace Entrance Glazing $7,400 $0 ($14,700) ($7,300) 2.0
EEM-19: Upgrade Motor $1,100 $0 ($1,700) ($600) 1.5
EEM-20: Water-conserving Fixtures $7,300 $0 ($8,100) ($800) 1.1
Total* $28,700 ($10,200) ($88,700) ($70,200) 3.4
*The analysis is based on each EEM being independent of the others. While it is likely that some
EEMs are interrelated, an isolated analysis is used to demonstrate the economics because the audit
team is not able to predict which EEMs the CBJ may choose to implement. If several EEMs are
implemented, the resulting energy savings is likely to differ from the sum of each EEM projection.
Summary
The energy audit revealed numerous opportunities for improving the energy performance of the
building. It is recommended that the behavioral and high priority EEMs be implemented now to
generate energy savings from which to fund the medium priority EEMs.
Another avenue to consider is to borrow money from AHFCs revolving loan fund for public
buildings. AHFC will loan money for energy improvements under terms that allow for paying back
the money from the energy savings. More information on this option can be found online at
http://www.ahfc.us/loans/akeerlf_loan.cfm.
City and Borough of Juneau Municipal Building 4 Energy Audit (October 2011)
Section 2
Introduction
This report presents the findings of an energy audit of the City and Borough of Juneau (CBJ)
Municipal Building located in Juneau, Alaska. The purpose of this investment grade energy audit is to
evaluate the infrastructure and its subsequent energy performance to identify applicable energy
efficiency measures (EEMs).
The energy audit report contains the following sections:
Introduction: Building use and energy consumption.
Energy Efficiency Measures: Priority ranking of the EEMs with a description, energy analysis,
and life cycle cost analysis.
Description of Systems: Background description of the building energy systems.
Methodology: Basis for how construction and maintenance cost estimates are derived and the
economic and energy factors used for the analysis.
BUILDING USE
The Municipal Building is a 20,936 square foot building that contains offices, the Assembly
Chambers, service spaces, utility spaces, public access restrooms, and storage areas for support of
municipal operations. The building is used in the following manner:
An office staff of 75 people normally occupy the building Monday to Friday from 7:00 to 5:00
pm. Visitors to many offices within the building are common as a normal part of operations.
Conference rooms are frequently used for meetings that bring additional people into the building,
including some evening and weekend meetings.
Meetings in the Assembly Chambers occur 3-4 nights per week, attendance varies widely.
The public toilets are heavily used in summer from 9 am to 9 pm and lightly used the rest of the
year on Monday through Friday from 8 am to 5pm.
History
Construction and energy efficiency changes to the building include:
1952 - Original Construction of the north-half of the Municipal Building.
1979 - Remodel of the Fire Hall (current south-half of Municipal Building).
2007 - Upgrade of windows.
2007 - Installation of tapered roof insulation system.
City and Borough of Juneau Municipal Building 5 Energy Audit (October 2011)
Energy and Water Consumption
The building energy sources include an electric service and a fuel oil tank. Fuel oil is used for the
majority of the heating loads while electricity serves all other loads, including domestic hot water and
a limited amount of space heating. The following table shows annual energy use and cost.
Annual Energy Consumption and Cost
Source Consumption Cost Energy, MMBtu
Electricity 304,000 kWh $28,300 1,037 50%
Fuel Oil 7,600 Gallons $26,000 1,032 50%
Totals - $54,300 2,069 100%
Electricity
The following chart shows electrical energy use from 2007 to 2010. Electricity use dropped in May
2008 when electric rates increased temporarily due to an avalanche. The avalanche disrupted power
from Juneau’s primary hydroelectric generation facility, causing the utility to generate power with
more expensive diesel generators. Conservation efforts put into effect after the avalanche have caused
post-avalanche use to be less. There has been a slight upward trend in energy use but the use is still
considerably below pre-avalanche levels.
The effective cost—energy costs plus demand charges—is 9.0¢ per kWh.
City and Borough of Juneau Municipal Building 6 Energy Audit (October 2011)
Fuel Oil
The following chart shows heating energy use from 2007 to 2010. The chart compares annual use
with the heating degree days which is a measurement of the demand for energy to heat a building. A
year with a higher number of degree days reflects colder outside temperatures and a higher heating
requirement.
Annual fuel oil use has varied by less than 10% over the past five years with the exception of 2008.
There is no known reason why consumption increased that year.
The current cost of fuel oil (August 2011) is $3.23 per gallon. Assuming a fuel oil conversion
efficiency of 70% and an electric boiler conversion efficiency of 95%, oil heat at $3.23 per gallon
equates to electric heat at 10.8¢ per kWh. Since the current cost of electricity is 9.0¢ per kWh, electric
heat would be less expensive than fuel oil heat.
Water
Water consumption averages 267,000 gallons per year.
City and Borough of Juneau Municipal Building 7 Energy Audit (October 2011)
Section 3
Energy Efficiency Measures
The following energy efficiency measures (EEMs) were identified during the energy audit. The
EEMs are priority ranked and, where applicable, subjected to energy and life cycle cost analysis.
Appendix B contains the energy and life cycle cost analysis spreadsheets.
The EEMs will be grouped into the following prioritized categories:
Behavioral or Operational: EEMs that require minimal capital investment but require operational
or behavioral changes. The EEMs provide a life cycle savings but an analysis is not performed
because the guaranteed energy savings is difficult quantify.
High Priority: EEMs that require a small capital investment and offer a life cycle savings. Also
included in this category are higher cost EEMs that offer significant life cycle savings.
Medium Priority: EEMs that require a significant capital investment to provide a life cycle
savings. Many medium priority EEMs provide a high life cycle savings and offer substantial
incentive to increase investment in building energy efficiency.
Low Priority: EEMs that will save energy but do not provide a life cycle savings.
BEHAVIORAL OR OPERATIONAL
The following EEMs are recommended for implementation. They require behavioral or operational
changes that can occur with minimal investment to achieve immediate savings. These EEMs are not
easily quantified by analysis because they cannot be accurately predicted. They are recommended
because they offer a life cycle savings, represent good practice, and are accepted features of high
performance buildings.
EEM-1: Adjust Photocell
Purpose: Energy will be saved if the photocell controlling the exterior lighting is adjusted to turn
the lights off during daylight hours. The lights were observed to be on during daylight
hours.
Scope: Adjust the photocell to turn the lighting off at dawn and on at dusk.
EEM-2: Install Exhaust Fan EF-1 Timer
Purpose: Energy will be saved if exhaust fan EF-1 that serves the public restrooms is controlled
by a timer. The fan currently operates continuously.
Scope: Install a time clock to control exhaust fan EF-1.
City and Borough of Juneau Municipal Building 8 Energy Audit (October 2011)
EEM-3: Install Exhaust Fan Timer
Purpose: Energy will be saved if the MIS toilet exhaust fan is controlled from a time clock. The
fan is currently controlled from the light switch, which is taped on so the fan operates
continuously. A time clock will allow the light to be turned off when the toilet is
unoccupied while maintaining good indoor air quality.
Scope: Install a time clock to control the MIS toilet exhaust fan.
EEM-4: Weather-strip Doors
Purpose: Energy will be saved if doors and windows are properly weather-stripped to reduce
infiltration. All exterior steel man doors, both public restroom access doors, and both of
the main entrances have damaged or missing weather-stripping.
Scope: Replace weather-stripping on all exterior doors.
EEM-5: Isolate Unit Heater
Purpose: Energy will be saved if the unit heater in the boiler room is secured. Currently, the coils
in the unit heater are continuously hot and the thermostat turns on the fan to supply the
heat to the room. When heat is not needed, convective heat loss from the coil occurs;
some of the heat loss may be useful, but a large percentage is not.
Scope: Isolate the unit heater with existing valving.
EEM-6: Adjust AHU-1 Damper
Purpose: Energy will be saved if the outside air damper on AHU-1 is adjusted so it seals tightly
when the unit is off.
Scope: Adjust the AHU-1 outside air damper so it seals tightly when the unit is off.
EEM-7: Seal Penthouse Floor Opening
Purpose: The oversized opening cut through the penthouse floor to provide an access for duct
work was never sealed. As a result, warm ceiling air from the second floor of the
municipal building passes freely to the penthouse.
Scope: Seal the space between the penthouse floor and the ducting.
EEM-8: Seal Unnecessary Roof Top Penetrations
Purpose: Multiple vents and roof top penetrations that are no longer used are still providing a
path for air flow from interior conditioned spaces. Plans identify these units as VU-1,
VU-2, and VU-3.
Scope: Seal all unnecessary penetrations
City and Borough of Juneau Municipal Building 9 Energy Audit (October 2011)
EEM-9: Install Controls for CP-3
Purpose: Pump CP-3 is currently controlled manually to supply heat to the radiant floor areas.
Controlling the pump from a room thermostat will improve thermal comfort and reduce
energy consumption caused by overheating the space.
Scope: Install a room thermostat to control pump CP-3
EEM-10: Replace Thermostats
Purpose: Energy will be saved if integral thermostats on the electric heaters in the offices and
main entryway are replaced with a wall-mounted model that is more accurate and
capable of unoccupied setback.
Scope: Replace the baseboard thermostats with programmable wall mounted thermostats and
program them with occupied/unoccupied setpoints.
EEM-11: Replace Appliances with Energy Star Models
Purpose: Energy Star appliances are the standard for high performance buildings. The building
has a few appliances that are not Energy Star compliant.
Scope: When appliances reach the end of their service life, replace them with Energy Star
compliant models.
HIGH PRIORITY
The following EEMs are recommended for implementation because they are low cost measures that
have a high savings to investment ratio. The EEMs are listed from highest to lowest priority. Negative
values, in parenthesis, represent savings.
EEM-12: Replace Aerators
Purpose: Energy and water will be saved by replacing the aerators on the sinks, lavatories, and
showerheads with low-flow models.
Scope: Replace aerators on sinks, lavatories, and showerheads with water-conserving fixtures.
Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs
Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR
$0 ($520) ($520) $400 $0 ($9,100) ($8,700) 22.8
EEM-13: Install Pipe Insulation
Purpose: Energy will be saved if heating and domestic hot water piping is insulated in the boiler
room and penthouse.
Scope: Install insulation on uninsulated heating and domestic hot water piping
Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs
Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR
$0 ($610) ($610) $1,100 $0 ($17,200) ($16,100) 15.6
City and Borough of Juneau Municipal Building 10 Energy Audit (October 2011)
EEM-14: Adjust Boiler Thermostat
Purpose: The boiler is currently cycling between 120°F and 128°F. Energy will be saved if the
boiler operating setpoints are changed so the boiler operates for a longer time during
each cycle. The boiler operating thermostat has an adjustable differential between on
and off setpoints. Setting it to a 30°F differential will increase the amount of time the
boiler operates each cycle, which improves seasonal efficiency.
Scope: Adjust the boiler thermostat differential as large as possible without compromising
heating performance. As a starting point, use differentials of 30°F in the winter and
40°F in the summer.
Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs
Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR
$0 ($80) ($80) $300 $0 ($2,300) ($2,000) 7.7
EEM-15: Perform a Boiler Combustion Test
Purpose: Operating the boiler with an optimum amount of excess air will improve combustion
efficiency. Annual cleaning followed by a combustion test is recommended.
Scope: Annually clean and perform a combustion test on the boiler.
Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs
Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR
$120 ($260) ($140) $700 $2,300 ($7,300) ($4,300) 7.1
EEM-16: Install Wall and Roof Insulation
Purpose: The west wall and ceiling of the penthouse are currently uninsulated. An optimal R-
value by current construction standards for walls is R-26 and ceilings is R-46. Energy
will be saved if the insulation level of the walls and ceiling are increased.
Scope: Install wall and ceiling insulation in the uninsulated portions of the penthouse.
Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs
Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR
$0 ($560) ($560) $2,400 $0 ($15,900) ($13,500) 6.6
City and Borough of Juneau Municipal Building 11 Energy Audit (October 2011)
MEDIUM PRIORITY
Medium priority EEMs require planning and a higher level of investment. They are recommended
because they offer a life cycle savings. The EEMs are listed from highest to lowest priority. Negative
values, in parenthesis, represent savings.
EEM-17: Replace ‘Time & Temp’ Display
Purpose: The roof top time and temp display unit utilizes multiple incandescent bulbs. This
fixture style is less efficient than LED lighting and the lamp life is much shorter.
Scope: Replace the existing exterior time & temperature display with an LED unit.
Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs
Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR
($720) ($710) ($1,430) $8,000 ($12,500) ($12,400) ($16,900) 3.1
EEM-18: Replace Entrance Glazing
Purpose: The storefront-style entry doors and windows on the west side have single pane glazing
units with aluminum frames. Energy will be saved if the single pane window and door
glazing is replaced with double pane glazing units.
Scope: Replace single pane glazing units in the outer entrance windows and doors with
insulating glazing units installed in the existing metal frames.
Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs
Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR
$0 ($520) ($520) $7,400 $0 ($14,700) ($7,300) 2.0
EEM-19: Upgrade Motor
Purpose: Energy will be saved if the motor in AHU-1 is upgraded to a NEMA Premium® motor.
Scope: Replace the motors in AHU-1 with a NEMA Premium® motor.
Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs
Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR
$0 ($100) ($100) $1,100 $0 ($1,700) ($600) 1.5
EEM-20: Install Water-Conserving Fixtures
Purpose: Water will be saved by replacing the plumbing fixtures in the public restrooms with
water-conserving fixtures.
Scope: Replace toilets and urinals in the public restrooms with water-conserving fixtures.
Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs
Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR
$0 ($460) ($460) $7,300 $0 ($8,100) ($800) 1.1
City and Borough of Juneau Municipal Building 12 Energy Audit (October 2011)
LOW PRIORITY
Low priority EEMs do not offer a life cycle energy savings and are not recommended.
EEM-21: Increase Wall Insulation
Purpose: The existing walls are an 8” thick concrete construction without insulation, which
provides an R-3 insulation value. An optimal R-value by current construction
standards is R-26. Energy will be saved if the insulation level of the walls is increased.
The construction of the municipal building would make exterior foam insulation w/
new siding a simple and cost effective approach.
Scope: Install a minimum of 4” of exterior foam insulation w/ new siding around perimeter of
building.
Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs
Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR
$0 ($7,430) ($7,430) $305,100 $0 ($210,700) $94,400 0.7
EEM-22: Computer Room Heat Recovery
Purpose: The computer room equipment generates a significant amount of heat that is discharged
outdoors, often while the boiler is consuming oil to produce heat. Energy will be saved
if this heat is recovered and transferred to the penthouse multizone air handling unit for
distribution throughout the rest of the building.
Scope: Install a run-around heat recovery hydronic loop connected to a fan coil unit in the
computer room and a hydronic coil in the multizone unit.
Analysis: A run-around coil cannot fully utilize the available heat because it only serves a portion
of the building. The energy savings would be much greater if the computer room
cooling system was designed to be fully integrated with the building heating and
ventilating system so the heat could be fully utilized.
Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs
Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR
$450 ($660) ($210) $32,500 $8,700 ($19,400) $21,800 0.3
City and Borough of Juneau Municipal Building 13 Energy Audit (October 2011)
Section 4
Description of Systems
ENERGY SYSTEMS
This section provides a general description of the building systems. Energy conservation
opportunities are addressed in the Energy Efficiency Measure section of the report.
Building Envelope
The following table summarizes the existing envelope.
Building Envelope
R-value
Component Description (inside to outside) Existing Optimal
Exterior Walls Gyp. Bd, 8” concrete wall w/ no insulation R-3 R-26
Below Grade Walls 8” concrete w/ no insulation R-5 R-20
Roof Tapered insulated roof w/average 6” foam insulation R-30 R-46
Floor Slab Concrete slab-on-grade R-10 R-10
Perimeter Uninsulated concrete footing R-4 R-15
Windows Vinyl; double pane R-2.5 R-5
Windows Wood; single pane R-1 R-5
Doors
Man door Metal frame w/o thermal break R-2 R-5
Entry doors Aluminum frame; single pane; no thermal break R-0.5 R-3
Public RR Entry Aluminum frame; double pane; no thermal break R-1.5 R-3
Heating System
The building is heated by a combination of hydronic heating units and a supply air multizone air
handling system. Both of these systems are supplied from the same fuel oil boiler unit. The heating
system has the following pumps:
Pump CP-1 circulates hydronic heating water to the perimeter hydronic heating system.
Pump CP-2 circulates hydronic heating water to ventilating units VU-1 and VU-2 (neither of
which is currently used).
Pump CP-3 circulates heating water to the radiant floor heating systems.
Pump CP-4 circulates domestic hot water throughout the building.
Pump CP-5 circulates heating water to the Management Information System (MIS) heaters.
Pump CP-6 circulates heating water to the multizone heating unit in the penthouse.
City and Borough of Juneau Municipal Building 14 Energy Audit (October 2011)
Ventilation Systems
The following table summarizes the ventilation systems in the building.
Ventilation Systems
Area Fan System Description
Assembly Chambers AHU-1 Multi-zone air handling unit consisting of a mixing box, filter
section, supply fan, hot deck with heating coil, cold deck, and
mixing dampers supplying mixed air to three zones
Offices VU-1, VU-2, & VU-3 Currently not operated
Public Rest Rooms EF-1 Common exhaust fan for public rest rooms
Office Toilet Rooms EF-1A & EF-1B Roof top exhaust fans for men’s and women’s restrooms
Building Air EF-2 General basement exhaust fan
Room 204 Toilet Room EF-2A Exhaust fan for staff toilet room
Domestic Hot Water System
An electric hot water heater supplies the fixtures. The aerators on the lavatories and the showerheads
are not water-conserving models.
Cooling Systems
There are three window air conditioning units – two in the server room and one in the Parks and
Recreation office on the second floor, and there is one ceiling mounted cooling unit in the server
room. In addition, there is a portable space cooler in the second floor support services office space
that was set at 74 degrees.
Automatic Control System
The building has local controllers for the heating plant and heating units.
Lighting
Interior lighting consists of T8 and some T12 fluorescent lighting fixtures, incandescent spot lighting
in the Assembly Chambers and several offices, and compact fluorescent lighting in the stairwells. The
lighting is manually controlled with minimal use of occupancy sensors throughout the building.
Exterior lighting consists of compact fluorescent and incandescent spot fixtures with integral
photocell control.
Electric Equipment
Multiple small kitchen appliances were located throughout the building. These included dorm-size
refrigerators, microwaves, and the stove in the Assembly kitchen.
City and Borough of Juneau Municipal Building 15 Energy Audit (October 2011)
Section 5
Methodology
Information for the energy audit was gathered through on-site observations, review of construction
documents, and interviews with operation and maintenance personnel. The EEMs are evaluated using
energy and life cycle cost analyses and are priority ranked for implementation.
Energy Efficiency Measures
Energy efficiency measures are identified by evaluating the building’s energy systems and comparing
them to systems in modern, high performance buildings. The process for identifying the EEMs
acknowledges the realities of an existing building that was constructed when energy costs were much
lower. Many of the opportunities used in modern high performance buildings—highly insulated
envelopes, variable capacity mechanical systems, heat pumps, daylighting, lighting controls, etc.—
simply cannot be economically incorporated into an existing building.
The EEMs represent practical measures to improve the energy efficiency of the buildings, taking into
account the realities of limited budgets. If a future major renovation project occurs, additional EEMs
common to high performance buildings should be incorporated.
Life Cycle Cost Analysis
The EEMs are evaluated using life cycle cost analysis which determines if an energy efficiency
investment will provide a savings over a 25-year life. The analysis incorporates construction,
replacement, maintenance, repair, and energy costs to determine the total cost over the life of the
EEM. Future maintenance and energy cash flows are discounted to present worth using escalation
factors for general inflation, energy inflation, and the value of money. The methodology is based on
the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Handbook 135 – Life Cycle Cost
Analysis.
Life cycle cost analysis is preferred to simple payback for facilities that have long—often perpetual—
service lives. Simple payback, which compares construction cost and present energy cost, is
reasonable for short time periods of 2-4 years, but yields below optimal results over longer periods
because it does not properly account for the time value of money or inflationary effects on operating
budgets. Accounting for energy inflation and the time value of money properly sums the true cost of
facility ownership and seeks to minimize the life cycle cost.
Construction Costs
The cost estimates are derived based on a preliminary understanding of the scope of each EEM as
gathered during the walk-through audit. The construction costs for in-house labor are $60 per hour for
work typically performed by maintenance staff and $110 per hour for contract labor.
The cost estimate assumes the work will be performed as part of a larger renovation or energy
efficiency upgrade project. When implementing EEMs, the cost estimate should be revisited once the
scope and preferred method of performing the work has been determined. It is possible some EEMs
will not provide a life cycle savings when the scope is finalized.
City and Borough of Juneau Municipal Building 16 Energy Audit (October 2011)
Maintenance Costs
Maintenance costs are based on in-house or contract labor using historical maintenance efforts and
industry standards. Maintenance costs over the 25-year life of each EEM are included in the life cycle
cost calculation spreadsheets and represent the level of effort to maintain the systems.
Energy Analysis
The energy performance of an EEM is evaluated within the operating parameters of the building. A
comprehensive energy audit would rely on a computer model of the building to integrate building
energy systems and evaluate the energy savings of each EEM. This investment grade audit does not
utilize a computer model, so energy savings are calculated with factors that account for the dynamic
operation of the building. Energy savings and costs are estimated for the 25-year life of the EEM
using appropriate factors for energy inflation.
Prioritization
Each EEM is prioritized based on the life cycle savings to investment ratio (SIR) using the following
formula:
Prioritization Factor = Life Cycle Savings / Capital Costs
This approach factor puts significant weight on the capital cost of an EEM, making lower cost EEMs
more favorable.
Economic Factors
The following economic factors are significant to the findings.
Nominal Interest Rate: This is the nominal rate of return on an investment without regard to
inflation. The analysis uses a rate of 5%.
Inflation Rate: This is the average inflationary change in prices over time. The analysis uses an
inflation rate of 2%.
Economic Period: The analysis is based on a 25-year economic period with construction
beginning in 2010.
Fuel Oil
Fuel oil currently costs $3.20 per gallon for a seasonally adjusted blend of #1 and #2 fuel oil. The
analysis is based on 6% fuel oil inflation which has been the average for the past 20-years.
Electricity
Electricity is supplied by Alaska Electric Light & Power Company (AEL&P). The building is billed
for electricity under AEL&P’s Rate 21D, Small Government with Demand. This rate charges for both
electrical consumption (kWh) and peak electric demand (kW). Electrical consumption is the amount
of energy consumed and electric demand is the rate of consumption. AEL&P determines the electric
demand by averaging demand over a continuously sliding fifteen minute window. The highest fifteen
minute average during the billing period determines the peak demand. The following table lists the
electric charges, which include a recent 24% rate hike:
City and Borough of Juneau Municipal Building 17 Energy Audit (October 2011)
AEL&P Small Government Rate with Demand
Charge 1 On-peak (Nov-May) Off-peak (June-Oct)
Energy Charge per kWh 6.43¢ 5.70¢
Demand Charge per kW $12.32 $8.24
Service Charge per month $27.16 $27.16
Over recent history, electricity inflation has been less than 1% per year, which has lagged general
inflation. An exception is the 24% rate hike that was primarily due to construction of additional
hydroelectric generation at Lake Dorothy. This project affords the community a surplus of power
which should bring electric inflation back to the historic rate of 1% per year. Load growth from
electric heat conversions is likely to increase generating and distribution costs, especially if diesel
supplementation is needed. Combining these two factors contribute to an assumed electricity inflation
rate of 3%.
Summary
The following table summarizes the energy and economic factors used in the analysis.
Summary of Economic and Energy Factors
Factor Rate or Cost Factor Rate or Cost
Nominal Discount Rate 5% Electricity Current rates
General Inflation Rate 2% Electricity Inflation 3%
Fuel Oil Cost (2012) $3.42/gal Fuel Oil Inflation 6%
City and Borough of Juneau Municipal Building 18 Energy Audit (October 2011)
Appendix A
Energy and Life Cycle Cost Analysis
City and Borough of Juneau Municipal Building 19 Energy Audit (October 2011)
Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Energy and Life Cycle Cost Analysis
25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907.789.1226
Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us
City and Borough of Juneau
Municipal Building
Basis
Economic
Study Period (years) 25 Nominal Discount Rate 5%General Inflation 3%
Energy 2011 $/gal Fuel Inflation 2012 $/gal
Fuel Oil $3.23 6% $3.42
Electricity $/kWh (2011)$/kW (2011)Inflation $/kWh (2012)$/kW (2012)
w/ Demand Charges $0.061 $10.62 2% $0.062 $10.83
w/o Demand Charges $0.102 -2% $0.102 -
Water 1000 gallons
$10.86
EEM-12: Replace Aerators
Energy Analysis
Fixture Existing Proposed Uses/day Days Water,Gals % HW kBTU kWh
Summer
Lavatories 0.33 0.15 750 90 -12,150 80% -6,485 -1,901
Winter
Lavatories 0.3 0.2 200 198 -7,128 80% -3,805 -1,115
-19,278 -3,016
Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost
Construction Costs
Replace lavatory aerators 0 10 ea $35 $350
Energy Costs
Water 1 - 25 -19 kgals $10.860 ($3,670)
Electric Energy (Effective Cost)1 - 25 -3,016 kWh $0.102 ($5,413)
Net Present Worth ($8,730)
Gallons per Use
City and Borough of Juneau Municipal Building 20 Energy Audit (October 2011)
Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Energy and Life Cycle Cost Analysis
25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907.789.1226
Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us
City and Borough of Juneau
Municipal Building
EEM-13: Install Pipe Insulation
Energy Analysis
Service Size Length Bare BTUH Insul BTUH Factor kBtu η boiler Gallons
Heating 0.75 16 74 11 15% -1,325 68%-14
Heating 1.00 10 90 12 15% -1,025 68%-11
Heating 2.00 17 154 15 15% -3,105 68%-33
Heating 3.00 22 221 19 15% -5,839 68%-62
Heating 4.00 16 279 23 15% -5,382 68%-57
DHW 0.50 20 21 4 15% -447 68%-5
DHW 0.75 20 25 4 15% -552 68%-6
DHW 1.00 20 31 5 15% -683 68%-7
-177
Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost
Construction Costs
Pipe Insulation 3/4"0 36 lnft $5 $180
Pipe Insulation 1"0 30 lnft $6 $180
Pipe Insulation 2"0 17 lnft $9 $153
Pipe Insulation 3"0 22 lnft $13 $286
Pipe Insulation 4"0 18 lnft $17 $306
Energy Costs
Fuel Oil 1 - 25 -177 gal $3.42 ($17,183)
Net Present Worth ($16,100)
EEM-14: Adjust Boiler Thermostat
Energy Analysis
Annual Gal % Savings Savings, Gal
4,800 -0.5% -24
Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost
Construction Costs
Replace boiler thermostat 0 1 LS $250 $250
Energy Costs
Fuel Oil 1 - 25 -24 gal $3.42 ($2,329)
Net Present Worth ($2,100)
EEM-15: Perform Boiler Combustion Test
Energy Analysis
Annual Gal % Savings Savings, Gal
7,500 -1.0% -75
Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost
Construction Costs
Purchase combustion analyzer 0 1 LS $700 $700
Annual Costs
Combustion test 1 - 25 2 hrs $60.00 $2,314
Energy Costs
Fuel Oil 1 - 25 -75 gal $3.42 ($7,278)
Net Present Worth ($4,260)
City and Borough of Juneau Municipal Building 21 Energy Audit (October 2011)
Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Energy and Life Cycle Cost Analysis
25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907.789.1226
Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us
City and Borough of Juneau
Municipal Building
EEM-16: Add Wall and Roof Insulation
Energy Analysis
Component Area R,exist R,new ΔT MBH kBtu η boiler Gallons
Wall 80 2 20 30 -1.1 -9,461 68%-100
Roof 80 3 20 30 -0.7 -5,957 68%-63
-1.8 -15,418 -164
Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost
Construction Costs
Install wall insulation 0 80 sqft $15 $1,200
Install ceiling insulation 0 80 sqft $15 $1,200
Energy Costs
Fuel Oil 1 - 25 -164 gal $3.42 ($15,887)
Net Present Worth ($13,500)
EEM-17: Replace Time and Temperature Display
Energy Analysis
Display Replacement
Option Watts Hours kW kWh
Existing -1,200 8,760 -1.2 -10,512
New 150 8,760 0.2 1,314
-1.1 -9,198
Lamp Replacement
Option # lamps Life, hours Lamps/yr Cost
Existing 80 3,000 234 $472
Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost
Construction Costs
Replace time and temperature display 0 1 LS $8,000 $8,000
Annual Costs
Existing lamp replacement 1 - 25 -1 ea $972.00 ($18,743)
Replace LED display 12 1 ea $8,000.00 $6,230
Energy Costs
Electric Energy 1 - 25 -9,198 kWh $0.062 ($10,031)
Electric Demand 1 - 25 -13 kW $10.83 ($2,392)
Net Present Worth ($16,900)
EEM-18: Replace Entrance Glazing
Energy Analysis
Component Area R,exist R,new ΔT MBH kBtu η boiler Gallons
Windows 74 0.75 2.0 20 -1.2 -10,804 68%-115
Door 24 0.75 2.0 20 -0.4 -3,504 68%-37
-1.6 -14,308 -152
Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost
Construction Costs
Replace window glazing unit 0 74 sqft $75 $5,550
Replace door glazing unit 0 24 sqft $75 $1,800
Energy Costs
Fuel Oil 1 - 25 -152 gal $3.42 ($14,743)
Net Present Worth ($7,400)
City and Borough of Juneau Municipal Building 22 Energy Audit (October 2011)
Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Energy and Life Cycle Cost Analysis
25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907.789.1226
Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us
City and Borough of Juneau
Municipal Building
EEM-19: Upgrade Motor
Energy Analysis
Equip Number HP ηold ηnew kW Hours kWh
AHU-1 1 3 81.4% 89.5% -0.18 6,552 -1,188
-0.2 -1,188
Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost
Construction Costs HP
Replace motor 3 0 1 LS 1,080 $1,080
Energy Costs
Electric Energy 1 - 25 -1,188 kWh $0.062 ($1,295)
Electric Demand 1 - 25 -2 kW $10.83 ($413)
Net Present Worth ($600)
EEM-20: Install Water-conserving Fixtures
Energy Analysis
Public
Fixture Existing Proposed Uses/day Days Water,Gals
Summer Toilets 1.6 1.1 300 95 -14,250
Urinals 1.0 0.5 300 95 -14,250
Rest of Year Toilets 1.6 1.1 50 270 -6,750
Urinals 1.0 0.5 50 270 -6,750
-42,000
Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost
Construction Costs
Replace toilets 0 5 ea $800 $4,000
Replace Urinals 0 3 ea $1,100 $3,300
Energy Costs
Water 1 - 25 -42 kgals $10.960 ($8,068)
Net Present Worth ($800)
EEM-21: Increase Wall Insulation
Energy Analysis
Component Area R,exist R,new ΔT MBH kBtu η boiler Gallons
Wall 11,300 4 23 10 -23.3 -204,432 68%-2,171
Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost
Construction Costs
Install wall insulation 0 11,300 sqft $27 $305,100
Energy Costs
Fuel Oil 1 - 25 -2,171 gal $3.42 ($210,653)
Net Present Worth $94,400
Gallons per Use
City and Borough of Juneau Municipal Building 23 Energy Audit (October 2011)
Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Energy and Life Cycle Cost Analysis
25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907.789.1226
Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us
City and Borough of Juneau
Municipal Building
EEM-22: Computer Room Heat Recovery
Energy Analysis
Fuel Oil
MBH CFM Tave Trm Hours MBH kBtu η boiler Gallons
30 350 32 70 1,350 -15 -19,751 68%-210
Electricity
Unit BHP kW Hours kWh
Pump 0.10 0.07 1,350 101
Fan Coil 0.25 0.19 1,350 252
0.26 352
Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost
Construction Costs
Fan coil unit 0 1 LS $6,500 $6,500
Hydronic piping 0 200 lnft $50 $10,000
Pump and appurtenance 0 1 LS $8,000 $8,000
Coil in multizone unit 0 1 LS $5,000 $5,000
Electrical 0 2 ea $1,500 $3,000
Annual Costs
Pump maintenance 1 - 25 1 LS $200.00 $3,857
Fan coil maintenance 1 - 25 1 LS $250.00 $4,821
Energy Costs
Electric Energy 1 - 25 352 kWh $0.062 $384
Electric Demand 1 - 25 3.13 kW $10.83 $595
Electric Energy (Effective Cost)1 - 25 kWh $0.062 $0
Fuel Oil 1 - 25 -210 gal $3.42 ($20,352)
Net Present Worth $21,800
City and Borough of Juneau Municipal Building 24 Energy Audit (October 2011)
Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Energy and Life Cycle Cost Analysis
25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907.789.1226
Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us
City and Borough of Juneau Municipal Building
Wall Heat Loss
Existing New Savings
Tosa Hours MBH MBH ΔkBtu
824000
77 22 0 0 0
72 66 0 0 0
67 136 0 0 0
62 288 0 0 0
57 648 23 3 12,678
52 1,226 60 8 63,965
47 1,211 98 13 102,672
42 1,157 135 18 135,822
37 1,423 173 23 213,450
32 1,073 210 27 195,939
27 533 248 32 114,711
22 335 285 37 83,022
17 224 323 42 62,817
12 176 360 47 55,096
7 131 398 52 45,280
2 66 435 57 24,965
-3 27 473 62 11,093
-8 12 510 67 5,322
-13 2 548 71 952
-18 0 585 76 0
1,127,785
Juneau
City and Borough of Juneau Municipal Building 25 Energy Audit (October 2011)
Appendix B
Electrical Data
City and Borough of Juneau Municipal Building 26 Energy Audit (October 2011)
Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Billing Data
25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907-789-1226
Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us
City and Borough of Juneau Municipal Building
ELECTRIC RATE
Electricity ($ / kWh )0.0611 0.0592
Demand ( $ / kW )14.30 9.11
Customer Charge ( $ / mo )99.24 99.24
Sales Tax ( % )0.0% 0.0%
ELECTRICAL CONSUMPTION AND DEMAND
kWh kW kWh kW kWh kW kWh kW
Jan 30,760 68.10 28,290 65.20 26,130 61.80 25,640 58.60 27,705
Feb 28,500 67.60 26,930 66.90 23,650 59.30 25,080 61.30 26,040
Mar 26,550 64.20 28,260 62.70 21,960 54.20 24,040 58.20 25,203
Apr 27,260 61.70 25,390 61.30 22,040 52.20 25,220 57.40 24,978
May 27,530 63.00 23,270 58.90 24,220 55.40 26,720 57.90 25,435
Jun 27,600 64.10 18,760 44.10 24,770 53.30 24,210 57.70 23,835
Jul 28,220 65.50 18,610 46.90 24,250 54.90 24,530 56.90 23,903
Aug 26,430 64.40 21,430 48.50 27,500 59.70 25,940 57.10 25,325
Sep 27,450 63.00 22,870 51.60 23,660 58.70 25,160 57.40 24,785
Oct 27,060 64.90 22,160 53.90 25,180 61.00 24,910 60.20 24,828
Nov 28,630 64.80 23,780 59.50 26,930 61.90 25,530 57.20 26,218
Dec 29,290 64.20 22,600 54.70 24,370 59.70 25,760 57.60 25,505
Total 335,280 282,350 294,660 302,740 303,758
Average 27,940 65 23,529 56 24,555 58 25,228 58 25,313
Load Factor 59%57%58%59%59
ELECTRIC BILLING DETAILS
Month Energy Demand Cust & Tax Total Energy Demand Cust & Tax Total % Change
Jan 1,597 884 99 2,580 1,567 838 99 2,504 -2.9%
Feb 1,445 848 99 2,392 1,532 877 99 2,508 4.8%
Mar 1,342 775 99 2,216 1,469 832 99 2,400 8.3%
Apr 1,347 746 99 2,192 1,541 821 99 2,461 12.3%
May 1,480 792 99 2,371 1,633 828 99 2,560 7.9%
Jun 1,513 486 99 2,098 1,479 526 99 2,104 0.3%
Jul 1,482 500 99 2,081 1,499 518 99 2,116 1.7%
Aug 1,680 544 99 2,323 1,585 520 99 2,204 -5.1%
Sep 1,446 535 99 2,080 1,537 523 99 2,159 3.8%
Oct 1,538 556 99 2,193 1,522 548 99 2,170 -1.1%
Nov 1,645 885 99 2,630 1,560 818 99 2,477 -5.8%
Dec 1,489 854 99 2,442 1,574 824 99 2,497 2.2%
Total $ 18,004 $ 8,404 $ 1,191 $ 27,599 $ 18,497 $ 8,473 $ 1,191 $ 28,161 2.0%
Average $ 1,500 $ 700 $ 99 $ 2,300 $ 1,541 $ 706 $ 99 $ 2,347 2.0%
Cost ($/kWh)$0.094 66% 30% 4% $0.093 -0.7%
Electrical costs are based on the current electric rates.
2009 2010
2010
AEL&P Electric Rate 24 On-Peak
Nov-May
Off-peak
Jun-Oct
Month 2007 2008 2009 Average
City and Borough of Juneau Municipal Building 27 Energy Audit (October 2011)
Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Annual Electric Consumption
25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907-789-1226
Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us
City and Borough of Juneau Municipal Building
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov DecElectric Use (kWh)Month of the Year
Electric Use History
2007
2008
2009
2010
0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
70.00
80.00
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov DecElectric Demand (kW)Month of the Year
Electric Demand History
2007
2008
2009
2010
City and Borough of Juneau Municipal Building 28 Energy Audit (October 2011)
Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Electric Cost
25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907-789-1226
Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us
City and Borough of Juneau Municipal Building 2010
$ 0
$ 500
$ 1,000
$ 1,500
$ 2,000
$ 2,500
$ 3,000
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov DecElectric Cost (USD)Month of the Year
Electric Cost Breakdown
2010
Electric Use (kWh) Costs
Electric Demand (kW) Costs
Customer Charge and Taxes
54.00
55.00
56.00
57.00
58.00
59.00
60.00
61.00
62.00
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Electric Demand (kW)Electric Use (kWh)Month of the Year
Electric Use and Demand Comparison
2010
Electric Use
Electric Demand
City and Borough of Juneau Municipal Building 29 Energy Audit (October 2011)
Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Annual Fuel Oil Consumption
25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907-789-1226
Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us
City and Borough of Juneau Municipal Building
Year Fuel Oil Degree Days
2007 6,730 9,282
2008 13,001 9,093
2009 8,327 9,284
2010 7,727 9,013
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
10,000
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
2007 2008 2009 2010 Degree DaysGallons of Fuel OilYear
Annual Fuel Oil Use
Fuel Oil
Degree Days
Page 4
City and Borough of Juneau Municipal Building 30 Energy Audit (October 2011)
Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Annual Water Consumption
25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907-789-1226
Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us
City and Borough of Juneau Municipal Building
Year Water
2007 300000
2008 264000
2009 252000
2010 252000
120,000
140,000
160,000
180,000
200,000
220,000
240,000
260,000
280,000
300,000
320,000
2007 2008 2009 2010Gallons of WaterYear
Annual Water Use
City and Borough of Juneau Municipal Building 31 Energy Audit (October 2011)
Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Billing Data
25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907-789-1226
Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us
Annual Energy Consumption and Cost
Energy Cost Area ECI EUI
Fuel Oil $3.42 20,936 $2.59 99
Electricity $0.093
Source Cost
Electricity 304,000 kWh $28,300 1,037 50%
Fuel Oil 7,600 Gallons $26,000 1,032 50%
Totals -$54,300 2,069 100%
Energy, MMBtu
Annual Energy Consumption and Cost
Consumption
City and Borough of Juneau Municipal Building 32 Energy Audit (October 2011)
Appendix C
Equipment Data
City and Borough of Juneau Municipal Building 33 Energy Audit (October 2011)
MotorUnit ID Location Function Make Model Capacity HP / Volts / RPM / Effic NotesBoiler Room Wells McClainBL-886-S-W 1974 MBHBoiler RoomBurnerCarlin701 CRO5.6 GPHAHU-1 PenthouseAir HandlingTrane Climate Change M-10 3900 CFM 3 HP/ 9.3 A/208 VVU-1 Not UsedVU-2 Not UsedVU-3 Not UsedEF-1A Bathroom 117-119 Exhaust Fan EmersonSDDD-128A 600 CFM 1 1/12 HP/ 1.7 A/115 VEF-1B Bathroom 113-114 Exhaust Fan EmersonSDDD-128A 505 CFM 1 1/12 HP/ 1.7 A/115 VEF-2 BasementExhaust FanPaceU-16 FEF-2A Bathroom 204 Exhaust Fan74 CFMEF-1 Public Rest Rooms Common Fan GreenheckCSP-A701 475 CFM4.4 ATimer 6am-11pm2nd Support Services Air Conditioner Air RoverXL60CA5 TONServer Room Air Conditioner Mitsubishi Mr. Slim PC A-A Y2GA 3.5 TON208/230BO2-AC2 Server Room Air Conditioner Kenmore580.752815 28,000 BTUWindow Well UnitBO2-AC3 Server Room Air Conditioner Kenmore580.752815 28,000 BTUWindow Well UnitBO2-AC 2nd Office Air Conditioner Kenmore580.752815 28,000 BTUWindow Well UnitCP-1 Boiler Room Perimeter Hydronic Grundfos C (UPS-SO-80/2F)5.7 AMP/ 610 WattsMain 3-speedCP-2 Boiler Room to VU-1 + VU2 Grundfos C (UPS-SO-80/2F)610 WattsParks & Rec, Not UsedCP-3 Boiler Room In Floor Radiant Grundfos U.P. 15-42.5 F.74 AMP/ .74 WattsCP-4 Boiler Room Domestic Hot Heater Grundfos U.P. 15-42.5 F.74 AMP/ .74 WattsCP-5 Boiler Room Server Room Grundfos U.P. 43-75 F2.15 AMP/ 215 WattsCP-6 Boiler Room Penthouse Multi Zone GrundfosU.P. 26-99 F2.15 AMP/ 215 WattsRoof Top Time + Date Clock Time-O-MaticIncandescent LampsSF-1 Electric Room Supply FanCook80 DBDB8 700 CFM0.5 HPMajor Equipment InventoryMunicipal BuildingCity and Borough of Juneau Municipal Building 34 Energy Audit (October 2011)
Appendix D
Abbreviations
AHU Air handling unit
BTU British thermal unit
BTUH BTU per hour
CBJ City and Borough of Juneau
CMU Concrete masonry unit
CO2 Carbon dioxide
CUH Cabinet unit heater
DDC Direct digital controls
DHW Domestic hot water
EEM Energy efficiency measure
EF Exhaust fan
Gyp Bd Gypsum board
HVAC Heating, Ventilating, Air-
conditioning
HW Hot water
HWRP Hot water recirculating pump
KVA Kilovolt-amps
kW Kilowatt
kWh Kilowatt-hour
LED Light emitting diode
MBH 1,000 Btu per hour
MMBH 1,000,000 Btu per hour
RF Return fan
SIR Savings to investment ratio
SF Supply fan
UV Unit ventilator
VAV Variable air volume
VFD Variable frequency drive
City and Borough of Juneau Municipal Building 35 Energy Audit (October 2011)