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HomeMy WebLinkAboutSEA-AEE-JNU Mendenhall Valley School 2012-EE Mendenhall River School Juneau School District Funded by: Final Report February 2012 Prepared by: Energy Audit Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Addendum 25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907.789.1226 April 15, 2012 Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us to: Energy Audit Recipient subject: Flow Down Requirements project: AHFC Energy Audits – Sealaska Region The energy audits that we provided were funded the U.S. Department of Energy. We are required to include with the audit the following Acknowledgement and Disclaimer. Please add this Addendum to your final energy audit report. Acknowledgment: "This material is based upon work supported by the Department of Energy under Award Number DE-EE0000095 Disclaimer: "This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof. Thank you. by: Jim Rehfeldt, P.E. Table of Contents Section 1: Executive Summary 2  Section 2: Introduction 6  Section 3: Energy Efficiency Measures 8  Section 4: Description of Systems 14  Section 5: Methodology 17  Appendix A: Energy and Life Cycle Cost Analysis 20  Appendix B: Energy and Utility Data 28  Appendix C: Equipment Data 35  Appendix D: Abbreviations 39  Audit Team The energy audit is performed by Alaska Energy Engineering LLC of Juneau, Alaska. The audit team consists of:  Jim Rehfeldt, P.E., Energy Engineer  Jack Christiansen, Energy Consultant  Brad Campbell, Energy Auditor  Loras O’Toole P.E., Mechanical Engineer  Will Van Dyken P.E., Electrical Engineer  Curt Smit, P.E., Mechanical Engineer  Philip Iverson, Construction Estimator  Karla Hart, Technical Publications Specialist  Jill Carlile, Data Analyst  Grayson Carlile, Energy Modeler Mendenhall River School 1 Energy Audit (February 2012) Section 1 Executive Summary An energy audit of the Mendenhall River Elementary School was performed by Alaska Energy Engineering LLC. The investment grade audit was funded by Alaska Housing Finance Corporation (AHFC) to identify opportunities to improve the energy performance of public buildings throughout Alaska. Mendenhall River Elementary School is a 58,669 square foot building that contains commons, classrooms, offices, a music room, a gym, a kitchen and cafeteria, a library, storage, and mechanical support spaces. Building Assessment The following summarizes our assessment of the building. Envelope The building envelope of Mendenhall River Elementary School appears to be providing good service and is well maintained. The school is very simplistic in its design, which has added to its longevity. However, the building is not completely without envelope issues. These include the following:  Roof Insulation: The roof was originally designed with only 5” of rigid insulation, providing an R-20 assembly, way below the current R-56 standard. Although the opportunity presented itself to increase the insulation when the roof was repaired in 1999, no additional insulation was added. We recommend that additional roof insulation be installed when future roofing projects are performed.  Roof Overhang: The classroom bay windows have very little roof overhang above them. As a result, the window frames are exposed to more moisture than the remaining building windows. The bay windows are in good condition; however, the bottom sill and trim pieces are difficult to maintain due to a constant exposure to moisture.  Exterior Doors: Exterior doors are not thermally broken. Future exterior door replacement selection should include this feature. Weather stripping is in poor condition and should be replaced. Heating System The building has a fuel oil boiler and an electric boiler. Currently the fuel oil boiler is operating and the electric boiler is shut down. The hydronic heating system varies flow through the boilers. Modern designs typically use constant flow through the boilers. The remainder of the fuel oil boiler heating system appears to be in good condition; however fairly simple improvements can be made to improve its effectiveness and efficiency. These are outlined in Section 3, Energy Efficiency Measures. Mendenhall River School 2 Energy Audit (February 2012) Ventilation Systems The building has seven air handling unit systems and 23 individual exhaust fans. The school utilizes a heat wheel to reclaim heat from exhaust air. The heat wheel efficiency is low; more efficient models are now manufactured. The outside air dampers on fans F-6 and F-7 are completely closed. As a result, these fan systems are not adequately ventilating their respective classrooms, which are the end wings of the building. CO2 monitoring determined that the wings have CO2 levels of 1200-1500 ppm, much higher than the desired level of 800 ppm. We recommend that the outside air dampers be repaired and operated properly on these systems. The number of exhaust fans in the building is excessive and most of them are manually controlled by multiple staff members. As a result, they are often left on for extended periods when they are not needed. While EF-1 and EF-2 are automatically controlled to operate when the building is occupied, operation of EF-3 thru EF-22 can be improved. Suggested modifications include utilizing the heat wheel for more of the toilet exhaust and recovering heat from server room exhaust. They are discussed in Section 3, Energy Efficiency Measures. Lighting Interior lighting consists primarily of T12 fluorescent fixtures and metal halide lighting. Exterior lighting consists primarily of high pressure sodium fixtures. No recommendations are made for the conversion of interior lighting to more efficient fixtures because the heat generated by the current lighting fixtures is less expensive than heat produced by the boiler system at current fuel and electric rates. Summary The overall energy performance of Mendenhall River Elementary School at 58 kBtu/sqft is slightly less than the 66 kBtu’s/sq ft average of all the Juneau buildings. Now that the audit team has nearly completed reviews of most of the buildings under this program, we can look at a more useful metric for measuring energy data in the Juneau School District – kBtu/student. This quantifies how much energy is required per student educated at a particular building. Riverbend Elementary School Constructed 1997 19,744 kBtu/student JDHS High School Renovated 2002 17,340 kBtu/student Thunder Mountain High School Constructed 2006 16,340 kBtu/student Dzantiki Heeni Middle School Constructed 1992 12,480 kBtu/student Mendenhall River Elementary School Constructed 1984 7,913 kBtu/student This data shows that newer buildings such as JDHS, Riverbend Elementary, and Thunder Mountain use over twice as much energy/student as Mendenhall River Elementary School. The audit team has not quantified the reason for this, but believes it is tied to tightness of construction, sizing of systems, and systemic inefficiencies that result from system sizing criteria that penalizes energy efficiency. Mendenhall River School 3 Energy Audit (February 2012) Energy Efficiency Measures (EEMs) All buildings have opportunities to improve their energy efficiency. The energy audit revealed several opportunities in which an efficiency investment will result in a net reduction in long-term operating costs. Behavioral and Operational EEMs The following EEMs require behavioral and operational changes in the building use. The savings are not readily quantifiable but these EEMs are highly recommended as low-cost opportunities that are a standard of high performance buildings. EEM-1: Weather-strip Doors EEM-2: Energy Star Appliances High and Medium Priority EEMs The following EEMs are recommended for investment. They are ranked by life cycle savings to investment ratio (SIR). This ranking method places a priority on low cost EEMs which can be immediately funded, generating energy savings to fund higher cost EEMs in the following years. Negative values, in parenthesis, represent savings. 25-Year Life Cycle Cost Analysis Investment Operating Energy Total SIR High Priority EEM-3: Reduce Arctic Entries Temperatures $100 $0 ($16,900) ($16,800) 169.0 EEM-4: Operate Electric Hot Water Heater $200 $0 ($27,700) ($27,500) 138.5 EEM-5: Replace Lavatory Aerators $600 $0 ($29,600) ($29,000) 49.3 EEM-6: Operate Electric Boiler $5,000 ($4,100) ($237,000) ($236,100) 48.2 EEM-7: Install Program Clocks on Exhaust Fans $1,500 $0 ($54,500) ($53,000) 36.3 EEM-8: Operate Boiler on Low Fire $500 $1,000 ($16,400) ($14,900) 30.8 EEM-9: Install Exhaust Fan Timer Switches $1,500 $0 ($35,000) ($33,500) 23.3 EEM-10: Install Pipe Insulation $2,200 $0 ($22,300) ($20,100) 10.1 Medium Priority EEM-11: Optimize Ventilation Systems $83,500 $0 ($206,100) ($122,600) 2.5 EEM-12: Boiler/Electric Rm Heat Recovery $45,800 $2,000 ($101,100) ($53,300) 2.2 EEM-13: Upgrade Transformers $36,800 $0 ($45,400) ($8,600) 1.2 Totals* $177,700 ($1,100) ($792,000) ($615,400) 4.5 *The analysis is based on each EEM being independent of the others. While it is likely that some EEMs are interrelated, an isolated analysis is used to demonstrate the economics because the audit team is not able to predict which EEMs an Owner may choose to implement. If several EEMs are implemented, the resulting energy savings is likely to differ from the sum of each EEM projection. Mendenhall River School 4 Energy Audit (February 2012) Summary The energy audit revealed numerous opportunities for improving the energy performance of the building. It is recommended that the behavioral and high priority EEMs be implemented now to generate energy savings from which to fund the medium priority EEMs. Another avenue to consider is to borrow money from AHFCs revolving loan fund for public buildings. AHFC will loan money for energy improvements under terms that allow for paying back the money from the energy savings. More information on this option can be found online at http://www.ahfc.us/loans/akeerlf_loan.cfm. Mendenhall River School 5 Energy Audit (February 2012) Section 2 Introduction This report presents the findings of an energy audit of the Riverbend Elementary School located in Juneau, Alaska. The purpose of this investment grade energy audit is to evaluate the infrastructure and its subsequent energy performance to identify applicable energy efficiencies measures (EEMs). The energy audit report contains the following sections:  Introduction: Building use and energy consumption.  Energy Efficiency Measures: Priority ranking of the EEMs with a description, energy analysis, and life cycle cost analysis.  Description of Systems: Background description of the building energy systems.  Methodology: Basis for how construction and maintenance cost estimates are derived and the economic and energy factors used for the analysis. BUILDING USE Mendenhall River Elementary School is a 58,669 square foot building that contains commons, classrooms, offices, a music room, a gym, a kitchen and cafeteria, a library, storage, and mechanical support spaces. The elementary school is operated by 50 staff and attended by 430 students. The facility is occupied in the following manner:  Teachers 7:30 am – 3:00pm (M-F)  Students 8:00 am – 2:30 pm (M-F)  Gym 8:00 am – 11:00 pm 7 days/week as needed for community use Building History  1982 – Original Construction  1999 – Roof Replacement Mendenhall River School 6 Energy Audit (February 2012) Energy Consumption The building energy sources include an electric service and a fuel oil tank. Fuel oil is used for the majority of the heating loads and domestic hot water while electricity serves all other loads. Electricity can be used for building heat if the electric boiler is returned to service. The following table shows annual energy use and cost. Annual Energy Consumption and Cost Source Consumption Cost Energy, MMBtu Electricity 407,378 kWh $46,600 1,400 41% Fuel Oil 14,396 Gallons $50,700 2,000 59% Totals $97,300 3,400 100% Electricity This chart shows electrical energy use from 2008 to 2011, during which time the electrical consumption has been steady. The electric boiler was turned off in 2008 at the request of AEL&P following the avalanche. The effective cost—energy costs plus demand charges—is 11.4¢ per kWh. Fuel Oil This chart shows heating energy use from 2008 to 2011. The chart compares annual use with the heating degree days which is a measurement of the annual heating requirement. A year with a higher number of degree days reflects colder outside temperatures and a higher heating requirement. It is not known why fuel oil demand increased as much as it did in 2010. Cost of Heat Comparison This chart shows a comparison of the current cost of fuel oil heat and electric heat. The comparison is based on a fuel oil conversion efficiency of 70% and an electric boiler conversion efficiency of 95%. Electric heat is currently less expensive than fuel oil heat. Mendenhall River School 7 Energy Audit (February 2012) Section 3 Energy Efficiency Measures The following energy efficiency measures (EEMs) were identified during the energy audit. The EEMs are priority ranked and, where applicable, subjected to energy and life cycle cost analysis. Appendix A contains the energy and life cycle cost analysis spreadsheets. The EEMs are grouped into the following prioritized categories:  Behavioral or Operational: EEMs that require minimal capital investment but require operational or behavioral changes. The EEMs provide a life cycle savings but an analysis is not performed because the guaranteed energy savings is difficult quantify.  High Priority: EEMs that require a small capital investment and offer a life cycle savings. Also included in this category are higher cost EEMs that offer significant life cycle savings.  Medium Priority: EEMs that require a significant capital investment to provide a life cycle savings. Many medium priority EEMs provide a high life cycle savings and offer substantial incentive to increase investment in building energy efficiency.  Low Priority: EEMs that will save energy but do not provide a life cycle savings. BEHAVIORAL OR OPERATIONAL The following EEMs are recommended for implementation. They require behavioral or operational changes that can occur with minimal investment to achieve immediate savings. These EEMs are not easily quantified by analysis because they cannot be accurately predicted. They are recommended because they offer a life cycle savings, represent good practice, and are accepted features of high performance buildings. EEM-1: Weather-strip Doors Purpose: While the school exterior single-wide door weather stripping is in good shape, the double doors do not seal well against the center mullions and are missing weather stripping in places. Energy will be saved if the double doors are properly weather-stripped to reduce infiltration. Scope: Replace weather stripping on exterior double doors. EEM-2: Energy Star Appliances Purpose: Many of the appliances in the school are not Energy Star rated. Energy will be saved if these units are replaced with Energy Star rated units at the end of their useful life. Scope: Replace non-Energy Star rated appliances with Energy Star rated units at the end of their useful life. Mendenhall River School 8 Energy Audit (February 2012) HIGH PRIORITY The following EEMs are recommended for implementation because they are low cost measures that have a high savings to investment ratio. The EEMs are listed from highest to lowest priority. Negative values, in parenthesis, represent savings. EEM-3: Reduce Artic Entries Temperatures Purpose: The nine arctic entryways use a cabinet fan heater to heat and dry each entrance. The thermostat to these units controls operation of the heater and a Low/Med/High selector switch controls the fan speed. The thermostats were set at-or-above 65°F. Energy will be saved if programmable thermostats are installed and the entryway thermostat setpoints are lowered to 55°F in all nine arctic entryways. Scope: Lower the entryway thermostat setpoints to 55°F in all nine arctic entryways. Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR $0 ($600) ($600) $100 $0 ($16,900) ($16,800) 169.0 EEM-4: Operate Electric Domestic Hot Water Heater Purpose: The boiler room contains both an electric and an indirect domestic hot water heater of similar size. Currently the school uses the indirect hot water heater during the school year while the boiler system is operating. In the summer months when the boiler is turned off the electric hot water heater is used. Energy will be saved if domestic hot water is heated with lower cost electricity and a few of the stages are disabled to reduce demand charges. Scope: Disable the fuel oil boiler and operate the electric hot water heater. Disable a few of the stages to reduce demand charges. Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR $0 ($1,340) ($1,340) $200 $0 ($27,700) ($27,500) 138.5 EEM-5: Replace Lavatory Aerators Purpose: Energy and water will be saved by replacing the lavatory aerators with low-flow models. Scope: Replace lavatory aerators with water-conserving fixtures. Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR $0 ($1,510) ($1,510) $600 $0 ($29,600) ($29,000) 49.3 Mendenhall River School 9 Energy Audit (February 2012) EEM-6: Operate Electric Boiler Purpose: The 420 kW electric boiler is currently disabled. The boiler remains on AEL&P’s interruptible electric heat rate which sells power at a 10 percent savings to fuel oil. Energy costs will be reduced if the electric boiler is operated as the primary boiler to heat the school building. Scope: Operate the electric boiler as the primary boiler for the school and utilize the fuel oil boiler to supplement the remaining heat load when necessary. Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR ($240) ($8,360) ($8,600) $5,000 ($4,100) ($237,000) ($236,100) 48.2 EEM-7: Install Program Clocks on Exhaust Fans Purpose: Exhaust fans EF-7 in the janitor’s closet and EF-19 and EF-20 in the west central wing are manually controlled by staff to run through the day and evening; however, they are frequently left on continuously. Energy will be saved if program clocks are installed on these fans so they only operate when necessary. Scope: Install program clocks on the following exhaust fans: - Janitors Closet Room J251 EF-7 400 cfm - West Central Wing Restroom Room 202 EF-19 400 cfm - West Central Wing Restroom Room 203 EF-20 400 cfm Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR $0 ($1,920) ($1,920) $1,500 $0 ($54,500) ($53,000) 36.3 EEM-8: Operate Boiler on Low Fire Purpose: The fuel oil boiler has a low fire setting. Energy will be saved if the boiler is kept on the low fire setting when heating loads are moderate. When outside temperatures drop and loads increase, switch to the high fire setting. Scope: Operate the boiler on high fire during cold weather—roughly November to February— and on low fire during other times when it can supply the heating load. Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR $60 ($580) ($520) $500 $1,000 ($16,400) ($14,900) 30.8 Mendenhall River School 10 Energy Audit (February 2012) EEM-9: Install Exhaust Fan Timer Switches Purpose: Many of the school’s exhaust fans are only used intermittently and controlled by manual switches. They are reportedly often left on when no longer needed. Energy will be saved if timers are installed so that the fans will shut themselves off. Scope: Install timer switches on the following exhaust fans: - Copy Room EF-6 - Kitchen Prep EF-8 - PE Storage EF-9 - Nurse’s RR EF-14 - Lounge EF-15 - Conference EF-16 Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR $0 ($1,240) ($1,240) $1,500 $0 ($35,000) ($33,500) 23.3 EEM-10: Install Pipe Insulation Purpose: A significant amount of boiler and domestic hot water piping insulation is missing or was never installed. Energy will be saved if these sections of piping are optimally insulated. Scope: Install pipe insulation on the following: - 15’ of 1-½” fan coil supply pipe in the gym fan room (ECW Room 455) - 2’ of ¾” fan coil supply pipe in the gym fan room (ECW Room 455) - 80’ of 1-¼” domestic hot water pipe in the boiler room - 10’ of 1-½” domestic hot water pipe in the boiler room - 10’ of ¾” domestic hot water pipe in the boiler room - Boiler Expansion Tank – approximately 60 square feet of surface area Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR $0 ($790) ($790) $2,200 $0 ($22,300) ($20,100) 10.1 Mendenhall River School 11 Energy Audit (February 2012) MEDIUM PRIORITY Medium priority EEMs will require planning and a higher level of investment. They are recommended because they offer a life cycle savings. The EEMs are listed from highest to lowest priority. Negative values, in parenthesis, represent savings. EEM-11: Optimize Ventilation Systems Purpose: The building utilizes constant flow heating and ventilation units to supply conditioned air to interior spaces during the normal operational schedule, after school hours for activities, and as needed on weekends. Overall, the building is over-ventilated. Energy will be saved by properly ventilating the building. The heat recovery wheel serving F-3 has very poor performance. In addition, the exhaust air flow from Toilets 353/359 is excessive. Energy will be saved by replacing the wheel with a new unit, reducing the exhaust air flow from Toilets 353/359, and adding the exhaust from Toilets 154/155 to the heat recovery wheel. Scope: Optimize the ventilation systems as follows and commission all air handling units to perform as a properly integrated system when completed: F-1 (Gym), F-2 (Admin), F-5 (Commons): Increase MAT from 60°F to 64°F. F-3 (West Center Wing): Increase MAT from 58°F to 65°F. F-4/EF-2 (Heat Recovery Wheel). - Replace Heat Recovery Wheel. - Decrease Toilets 353/359 exhaust from 700 to 350 cfm. - Eliminate EF-3 and EF-4 and duct exhaust to the EF-2 heat recovery wheel. Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR $0 ($7,280) ($7,280) $83,500 $0 ($206,100) ($122,600) 2.5 EEM-12: Install Boiler and Electrical Room Heat Recovery Purpose: A significant amount of heat is generated in the boiler room and by two transformers in the electrical room. This heat is exhausted from the building. Energy will be saved if this is heat is recovered and transferred to the gym. Scope: Install a heat recovery unit in the boiler room. Circulate warm boiler room air through the hot side of the unit and cool gym air through the cold side. Install an exhaust fan to transfer warm electrical room air to the gym. Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR $120 ($3,220) ($3,100) $45,800 $2,000 ($101,100) ($53,300) 2.2 EEM-13: Replace Transformers Purpose: The existing transformers are not TP-1 rated. Energy will be saved if these less-efficient transformers are replaced with energy efficient models that comply with NEMA Standard TP 1-2001. Mendenhall River School 12 Energy Audit (February 2012) EEM-13: Replace Transformers Purpose: The existing transformers are not TP-1 rated. Energy will be saved if these less-efficient transformers are replaced with energy efficient models that comply with NEMA Standard TP 1-2001. Scope: Replace the following less-efficient transformers with NEMA Standard TP 1-2001 compliant models: - (2) 75 kVA - (3) 30 kVA Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR $0 ($2,310) ($2,310) $36,800 $0 ($45,400) ($8,600) 1.2 LOW PRIORITY Low priority EEMs do not offer a life cycle energy savings and are not recommended. EEM-14: Upgrade Motors to Premium Efficiency Purpose: The equipment inspection identified six motors that could be upgraded with premium efficiency models to save energy. They are: - F-1 5 HP - F-2 3 HP - F-4 1 ½ HP - F-5 1 ½ HP - F-6 5 HP - F-7 5 HP Scope: Replace identified motors with premium efficiency motors. Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR $0 ($240) ($240) $6,900 $0 ($4,800) $2,100 0.7 EEM-15: Variable Speed Pumping Purpose: The boiler system currently utilizes fixed speed/constant horsepower pumps to deliver heat throughout the building. These pumps do not vary energy consumption with heating load. Energy will be saved if the fixed speed pumps are replaced with variable frequency rated pumps and VFD’s were installed to control their operation. Scope: Replace hydronic heating pumps with variable speed rated pumps and install VFD’s to control their operation. This EEM will not offer a life cycle savings due to the modest size of the pumps and relatively low cost electricity. Mendenhall River School 13 Energy Audit (February 2012) Section 4 Description of Systems ENERGY SYSTEMS This section provides a general description of the building systems. Energy conservation opportunities are addressed Section 3, Energy Efficiency Measures. Building Envelope R-value Component Description (inside to outside) Existing Optimal Exterior Wall 5/8” Gyp. bd, 2”x6” stud, R-19 batt, ½” plywood, siding R-19 R-26 Roof 24” o.c. trusses, 5” rigid insulation roof buildup, 5/8” gyp. bd. R-20 R-54 Floor Crawlspace Foundation 8” concrete w/ 2” perimeter insulation board R-10 R-20 Windows Single pane aluminum frame w/double pane storm windows R-1.5 R-5 Doors Steel doors w/ non-thermally broken frames R-1.5 R-5 Heating System The building can be heated by one fuel oil boiler and one electric boiler to provide heat to seven air handling unit systems, fan coil units, and perimeter hydronic systems. Currently the fuel oil boiler is operating and the electric boiler is shut down. The heating system has the following pumps:  PU-1 supplies boiler loop water to the gym (F-1).  PU-5 supplies boiler loop water to the commons (F-5).  PU-6 supplies boiler loop water to the domestic hot water heater.  PU-7 is the domestic hot water recirculation pump.  PU-8 supplies boiler loop water to the west half of the school.  PU-9 is a spare.  PU-10 supplies boiler loop water to the east half of the school. Mendenhall River School 14 Energy Audit (February 2012) Ventilation Systems Area Fan System Description East Center Wing Gym F-1 12,000 cfm 5 hp constant volume air handling unit consisting of an outside air damper, heating coil, mixing box, filter section, and supply fan East Center Wing Administration F-2 7,000 cfm 3 hp constant volume air handling unit consisting of an outside air damper, heating coil, filter section, and supply fan Library/Classrooms F-3 12,000 cfm 5 hp constant volume air handling unit consisting of an outside air damper, heating coil, filter section, and supply fan West Center Wing Heat F-4 3,100 cfm 1 ½ hp constant volume air handling unit consisting of an outside air damper, heating coil, filter section, and supply fan East Center Wing Commons F-5 3,000 cfm 1 ½ hp constant volume air handling unit consisting of an outside air damper, heating coil, filter section, and supply fan West Wing Classrooms F-6 11,000 cfm 5 hp constant volume air handling unit consisting of an outside air damper, heating coil, filter section, and supply fan East Wing Classrooms F-7 11,000 cfm 5 hp constant volume air handling unit consisting of an outside air damper, heating coil, filter section, and supply fan Multipurpose Room EF-1 18,000 cfm 5 hp constant volume fan supplying return air to F-1 and relief air West Center Wing Room 208 EF-2 2,200 cfm 3/4 hp constant volume exhaust fan for heat wheel system West Wing Room 154 EF-3 400 cfm 1/10th hp constant volume exhaust fan West Wing Room 155 EF-4 400 cfm 1/10th hp constant volume exhaust fan West Center Wing Rm J20 EF-5 400 cfm 1/10th hp constant volume exhaust fan East Center Wing Rm 261 EF-6 400 cfm 1/10th hp constant volume exhaust fan East Center Wing Rm J251 EF-7 400 cfm 1/10th hp constant volume exhaust fan East Center Wing Rm 258 EF-8 400 cfm 1/10th hp constant volume exhaust fan East Center Wing Rm 256 EF-9 400 cfm 1/10th hp constant volume exhaust fan East Center Wing Rm 271 EF-10 180 cfm 1/50th hp constant volume exhaust air fan East Center Wing Rm S270 EF-11 180 cfm 1/50th hp constant volume exhaust air fan East Center Wing Rm ST266B EF-12 100 cfm 1/50th hp constant volume exhaust air fan East Center Wing Rm ST266A EF-13 100 cfm 1/50th hp constant volume exhaust air fan Mendenhall River School 15 Energy Audit (February 2012) Ventilation Systems, continued Area Fan System Description East Center Wing Rm T267 EF-14 100 cfm 1/50th hp constant volume exhaust air fan East Center Wing Rm 265 EF-15 400 cfm 1/10th hp constant volume exhaust fan East Center Wing Rm 264 EF-16 400 cfm 1/10th hp constant volume exhaust fan East Wing Rm 104 EF-17 400 cfm 1/10th hp constant volume exhaust fan East Wing Rm 105 EF-18 400 cfm 1/10th hp constant volume exhaust fan West Center Wing Rm 202 EF-19 400 cfm 1/10th hp constant volume exhaust fan West Center Wing Rm 203 EF-20 400 cfm 1/10th hp constant volume exhaust fan Crawlspace EF-21a 290 cfm 65 watt constant volume exhaust fan Crawlspace EF-21b 290 cfm 65 watt constant volume exhaust fan West Center Wing Rm 208 EF-22 400 cfm 1/10 hp constant volume exhaust fan Domestic Hot Water System Domestic hot water is heated by an indirect hot water heater and an electric hot water heater. The indirect hot water heater is used throughout the entire school year while the boiler is operating. During summer break the boiler and the indirect hot water heater are turned off, at which time the electric hot water heater is placed on line to meet the domestic hot water demands of the school. Automatic Control System The building has a very limited DDC system to provide basic control functions for the operation of the heating and ventilation systems. Energy can be saved through further optimization of fan system scheduling combined with a retro-commissioning of the air handler systems. Lighting Interior lighting consists primarily of T12 fluorescent fixtures and metal halide lighting. Exterior lighting consists primarily of metal halide lighting. Because lighting operational hours are controlled by staff, operational costs for lighting with existing infrastructure are kept to a minimum. Much of the energy that is saved by newer, more efficient lighting fixtures is in the form of heat. No recommendations were made for the conversion of interior lighting to more efficient fixtures because the heat generated by the current lighting fixtures is less expensive than heat produced by the boiler system at Juneau fuel and electric rates. Electric Equipment Commercial equipment for food preparation is located in the kitchen prep area. Mendenhall River School 16 Energy Audit (February 2012) Section 5 Methodology Information for the energy audit was gathered through on-site observations, review of construction documents, and interviews with operation and maintenance personnel. The EEMs are evaluated using energy and life cycle cost analyses and are priority ranked for implementation. Energy Efficiency Measures Energy efficiency measures are identified by evaluating the building’s energy systems and comparing them to systems in modern, high performance buildings. The process for identifying the EEMs acknowledges the realities of an existing building that was constructed when energy costs were much lower. Many of the opportunities used in modern high performance buildings—highly insulated envelopes, variable capacity mechanical systems, heat pumps, daylighting, lighting controls, etc.— simply cannot be economically incorporated into an existing building. The EEMs represent practical measures to improve the energy efficiency of the buildings, taking into account the realities of limited budgets. If a future major renovation project occurs, additional EEMs common to high performance buildings should be incorporated. Life Cycle Cost Analysis The EEMs are evaluated using life cycle cost analysis which determines if an energy efficiency investment will provide a savings over a 25-year life. The analysis incorporates construction, replacement, maintenance, repair, and energy costs to determine the total cost over the life of the EEM. Future maintenance and energy cash flows are discounted to present worth using escalation factors for general inflation, energy inflation, and the value of money. The methodology is based on the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Handbook 135 – Life Cycle Cost Analysis. Life cycle cost analysis is preferred to simple payback for facilities that have long—often perpetual— service lives. Simple payback, which compares construction cost and present energy cost, is reasonable for short time periods of 2-4 years, but yields below optimal results over longer periods because it does not properly account for the time value of money or inflationary effects on operating budgets. Accounting for energy inflation and the time value of money properly sums the true cost of facility ownership and seeks to minimize the life cycle cost. Construction Costs The cost estimates are derived based on a preliminary understanding of the scope of each EEM as gathered during the walk-through audit. The construction costs for in-house labor are $60 per hour for work typically performed by maintenance staff and $110 per hour for contract labor. The cost estimate assumes the work will be performed as part of a larger renovation or energy efficiency upgrade project. When implementing EEMs, the cost estimate should be revisited once the scope and preferred method of performing the work has been determined. It is possible some EEMs will not provide a life cycle savings when the scope is finalized. Mendenhall River School 17 Energy Audit (February 2012) Maintenance Costs Maintenance costs are based on in-house or contract labor using historical maintenance efforts and industry standards. Maintenance costs over the 25-year life of each EEM are included in the life cycle cost calculation spreadsheets and represent the level of effort to maintain the systems. Energy Analysis The energy performance of an EEM is evaluated within the operating parameters of the building. A comprehensive energy audit would rely on a computer model of the building to integrate building energy systems and evaluate the energy savings of each EEM. This investment grade audit does not utilize a computer model, so energy savings are calculated with factors that account for the dynamic operation of the building. Energy savings and costs are estimated for the 25-year life of the EEM using appropriate factors for energy inflation. Prioritization Each EEM is prioritized based on the life cycle savings to investment ratio (SIR) using the following formula: Prioritization Factor = Life Cycle Savings / Capital Costs This approach factor puts significant weight on the capital cost of an EEM, making lower cost EEMs more favorable. Economic Factors The following economic factors are significant to the findings. Nominal Interest Rate: This is the nominal rate of return on an investment without regard to inflation. The analysis uses a rate of 5%. Inflation Rate: This is the average inflationary change in prices over time. The analysis uses an inflation rate of 2%. Economic Period: The analysis is based on a 25-year economic period with construction beginning in 2010. Fuel Oil Fuel oil currently costs $3.80 per gallon for a seasonally adjusted blend of #1 and #2 fuel oil. The analysis is based on 6% fuel oil inflation which has been the average for the past 20-years. Mendenhall River School 18 Energy Audit (February 2012) Electricity Electricity is supplied by Alaska Electric Light & Power Company (AEL&P). The building is billed for electricity under AEL&P’s Rate 24. This rate charges for both electrical consumption (kWh) and peak electric demand (kW). Electrical consumption is the amount of energy consumed and electric demand is the rate of consumption. AEL&P determines the electric demand by averaging demand over a continuously sliding fifteen minute window. The highest fifteen minute average during the billing period determines the peak demand. The following table lists the electric charges, which includes a 24% rate hike that was recently approved: AEL&P Small Government Rate with Demand Charge 1 On-peak (Nov-May) Off-peak (June-Oct) Energy Charge per kWh 6.11¢ 5.92¢ Demand Charge per kW $14.30 $9.11 Service Charge per month $99.24 $99.24 Over recent history, electricity inflation has been less than 1% per year, which has lagged general inflation. An exception is the recent 24% rate hike that was primarily due to construction of additional hydroelectric generation at Lake Dorothy. This project affords the community a surplus of power which should bring electric inflation back to the historic rate of 1% per year. Load growth from electric heat conversions is likely to increase generating and distribution costs, especially if diesel supplementation is needed. Combining these two factors contribute to an assumed electricity inflation rate of 3%. Summary The following table summarizes the energy and economic factors used in the analysis. Summary of Economic and Energy Factors Factor Rate or Cost Factor Rate or Cost Nominal Discount Rate 5% Electricity $0.084/kWh General Inflation Rate 2% Electricity Inflation 3% Fuel Oil Cost (2012) $3.80/gal Fuel Oil Inflation 6% Mendenhall River School 19 Energy Audit (February 2012) Appendix A Energy and Life Cycle Cost Analysis Mendenhall River School 20 Energy Audit (February 2012) Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Energy and Life Cycle Cost Analysis 25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907.789.1226 Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us Building Name Basis Economic Study Period (years) 25 Nominal Discount Rate 5%General Inflation 2% Energy 2012 $/gal Fuel Inflation 2012 $/gal Fuel Oil $3.80 6% $4.03 Electricity $/kWh (2011)$/kW (2011)Inflation $/kWh (2012)$/kW (2012) w/ Demand Charges $0.061 $10.62 3% $0.063 $10.94 w/o Demand Charges $0.114 -3% $0.117 - EEM-3: Reduce Arctic Entries Temperatures Energy Analysis Component Area R-value ΔT Hours MBH kBtu η boiler Gallons Wall 500 19.0 -10 6,480 -0.3 -1,705 68%-18 Door 378 2.0 -10 6,480 -1.9 -12,247 68%-130 -2.2 -13,952 -148 Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost Construction Costs Turn down thermostats 0 9 LS $15 $135 Energy Costs Fuel Oil 1 - 25 -148 gal $4.03 ($16,914) Net Present Worth ($16,800) EEM-4: Operate Electric Hot Water Heater Energy Analysis Fuel Oil Boilers Annual Gal η boiler Heat kBtu % Fuel Oil Boiler kBtu η boiler Annual Gal Savings, gal 300 68% 28,254 15% 4,238 68% 45 -255 Electric Boiler % Electric kBtu η boiler kWh kW 85% 24,016 95% 7,409 -9 Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost Construction Costs Disable indirect hot water tank/enable electic hot water tank 0 4 hrs $60 $240 Energy Costs Electric Energy (Effective Cost) 1 - 25 7,409 kWh $0.117 $24,659 Electric Demand 1 - 25 -108 kW $10.94 ($23,223) Fuel Oil 1 - 25 -255 gal $4.03 ($29,114) Net Present Worth ($27,400) Mendenhall River School 21 Energy Audit (February 2012) Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Energy and Life Cycle Cost Analysis 25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907.789.1226 Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us Building Name EEM-5: Replace Lavatory Aerators Energy Analysis Fixture Existing Proposed Uses/day Days Water,Gals % HW kBTU kWh Lavatories 0.3 0.2 1,440 198 -51,322 80% -27,393 -8,029 -51,322 -8,029 Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost Construction Costs Replace lavatory aerators 0 17 ea $35 $595 Energy Costs Water 1 - 25 -51 kgals $10.960 ($11,057) Electric Energy (Effective Cost)1 - 25 -8,029 kWh $0.117 ($18,531) Net Present Worth ($29,000) EEM-6: Operate Electric Boiler Energy Analysis Fuel Oil Boilers Annual Gal η boiler Heat kBtu % Fuel Oil Boiler kBtu η boiler Annual Gal Savings, gal 14,400 68% 1,356,192 15% 203,429 68% 2,160 -12,240 Electric Boiler % Electric kBtu η boiler kWh 85% 1,152,763 95% 355,637 Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost Construction Costs Return electric boiler to service 0 1 ea $5,000 $5,000 Annual Costs Electric boiler maintenance 1 - 25 4 hrs $60.00 $4,086 Fuel oil boiler maintenance 1 - 25 -8 hrs $60.00 ($8,173) Energy Costs Electric Energy (Effective Cost) 1 - 25 355,637 kWh $0.115 $1,160,413 Fuel Oil 1 - 25 -12,240 gal $4.03 ($1,397,463) Net Present Worth ($236,100) Gallons per Use Mendenhall River School 22 Energy Audit (February 2012) Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Energy and Life Cycle Cost Analysis 25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907.789.1226 Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us Building Name EEM-7: Install Program Clocks on Exhaust Fans Energy Analysis Fan Case CFM ΔP η, fan BHP η, motor kW Hours kWh EF-7 Existing -400 0.25 40% -0.04 70%0 1,152 -48 EF-19 Optimized -400 0.25 40% -0.04 70%0 1,152 -48 EF-20 Existing -400 0.25 40% -0.04 70%0 1,152 -48 0 -145 Ventilation SA CFM MAT T,room MBH Hours kBtu η boiler Gallons EF-7 Existing -400 40 70 -13 1,152 -14,930 68%-159 EF-19 Optimized -400 40 70 -13 1,152 -14,930 68%-159 EF-20 Existing -400 40 70 -13 1,152 -14,930 68%-159 -44,790 -476 Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost Construction Costs Install program clocks 0 3 ea $500 $1,500 Energy Costs Electric Energy 1 - 25 -145 kWh $0.063 ($179) Fuel Oil 1 - 25 -476 gal $4.03 ($54,297) Net Present Worth ($53,000) EEM-8: Operate Boiler on Low Fire Energy Analysis Annual Gal % Savings Savings, Gal 14,396 -1.0% -144 Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost Construction Costs Institute low/high contorl strategy 0 1 LS $500 $500 Annual Costs Low/High control operation 1 - 25 1 hrs $60.00 $1,022 Energy Costs Fuel Oil 1 - 25 -144 gal $4.03 ($16,436) Net Present Worth ($14,900) Mendenhall River School 23 Energy Audit (February 2012) Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Energy and Life Cycle Cost Analysis 25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907.789.1226 Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us Building Name EEM-9: Install Exhaust Fan Timer Switches Energy Analysis Fan Case CFM ΔP η, fan BHP η, motor kW Hours kWh EF-6 Existing -400 0.25 40% -0.04 70%0 576 -24 EF-8 Optimized -400 0.25 40% -0.04 70%0 576 -24 EF-9 Existing -400 0.25 40% -0.04 70%0 576 -24 EF-14 Optimized -100 0.25 40% -0.01 70%0 576 -6 EF-15 Existing -400 0.25 40% -0.04 70%0 576 -24 EF-16 Optimized -400 0.25 40% -0.04 70%0 576 -24 0 -127 Ventilation SA CFM MAT T,room MBH Hours kBtu η boiler Gallons EF-6 Existing -400 40 70 -13 576 -7,465 68%-79 EF-8 Optimized -400 40 70 -13 576 -7,465 68%-79 EF-9 Existing -400 40 70 -13 576 -7,465 68%-79 EF-14 Optimized -100 40 70 -3 576 -1,866 68%-20 EF-15 Existing -400 60 70 -4 576 -2,488 68%-26 EF-16 Optimized -400 62 70 -3 576 -1,991 68%-21 -28,740 -305 Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost Construction Costs Install timer switch 0 6 ea $250 $1,500 Energy Costs Electric Energy 1 - 25 -127 kWh $0.063 ($157) Fuel Oil 1 - 25 -305 gal $4.03 ($34,841) Net Present Worth ($33,500) EEM-10: Install Pipe Insulation Energy Analysis Service Size Length Bare BTUH Insul BTUH Factor kBtu η boiler Gallons Heating 0.75 2 74 11 25% -276 68%-3 Heating 1.50 15 126 15 25% -3,646 68%-39 Heating Ex Tank 30 250 30 25% -14,454 68%-153 DHW 0.75 10 25 4 25% -460 68%-5 DHW 1.25 80 38 5 25% -5,782 68%-61 DHW 1.50 10 42 6 25% -788 68%-8 -195 Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost Construction Costs 3/4"0 12 lnft $5 $60 1-1/4"0 80 lnft $7 $560 1-1/2"0 25 lnft $8 $200 Expansion tank 0 1 ls $400 $400 Estimating contingency 0 15%$183 Overhead & profit 0 30%$421 Design fees 0 10%$182 Project management 0 8%$161 Energy Costs Fuel Oil 1 - 25 -195 gal $4.03 ($22,277) Net Present Worth ($20,100) Mendenhall River School 24 Energy Audit (February 2012) Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Energy and Life Cycle Cost Analysis 25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907.789.1226 Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us Building Name EEM-11: Optimize Ventilation Systems Energy Analysis Fan Case CFM ΔP η, fan BHP η, motor kW Hours kWh E-3 Existing -400 0.50 40% -0.1 70% -0.1 1,620 -136 E-4 Existing -400 0.50 40% -0.1 70% -0.1 1,620 -136 0 -272 Ventilation SA CFM MAT T,room MBH Hours kBtu η boiler Gallons F-1 Existing -12,000 62 70 -104 1,620 -167,962 68%-1,783 Optimized 12,000 64 70 78 1,620 125,971 68%1,338 F-2 Existing -7,000 62 70 -60 1,620 -97,978 68%-1,040 Optimized 7,000 64 70 45 1,620 73,483 68%780 F-5 Existing -3,000 62 70 -26 1,620 -41,990 68%-446 Optimized 3,000 64 70 19 1,620 31,493 68%334 -76,982 -817 F-3/F-4 Heat Recovery SA CFM MAT T,room MBH Hours kBtu η boiler Gallons F-4 Existing -3,100 50 70 -67 1,620 -108,475 68%-1,152 Optimized 3,300 60 70 36 1,620 57,737 68%613 E-3/E-4 Existing -800 40 70 -26 1,620 -41,990 68%-446 -92,729 -985 Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost Construction Costs Modify controls 0 6 pts $1,000 $6,000 Replace E-3 and E-4 with exhaust grille 0 1 LS $1,000 $1,000 Replace heat wheel 0 1 LS $20,000 $20,000 Rebalance E-2, F-4 0 1 LS $5,000 $5,000 Exhaust duct to heat wheel 0 1 LS $15,000 $15,000 Estimating contingency 0 15%$7,050 Overhead & profit 0 30% $16,215 Design fees 0 10%$7,027 Project management 0 8%$6,183 Energy Costs Electric Energy 1 - 25 -272 kWh $0.063 ($335) Fuel Oil 1 - 25 -1,802 gal $4.03 ($205,736) Net Present Worth ($122,600) Mendenhall River School 25 Energy Audit (February 2012) Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Energy and Life Cycle Cost Analysis 25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907.789.1226 Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us Building Name EEM-12: Install Boiler/Electric Room Heat Recovery Energy Analysis Boiler Room Heat Recovery Boiler gph Jacket Loss MBH Hours Loss, kBtu Factor Recovery, kBtu η boiler Gallons 18 -1.0% -24 6,480 -157,371 40% -62,949 84%-541 Fan Energy MBH ΔT CFM ΔP η, fan # Fans Hours kW kWh 24 12 1,874 1.50 35%2 6,480 1.9 12,210 Electrical Room Transformer heat kVA ηold MBH Hours Loss, kBtu Factor Recovery, kBtu η boiler Gallons 150 98.0% -10 8,760 -89,667 70% -62,767 84%-540 Fan Energy MBH ΔT CFM ΔP η, fan # Fans Hours kW kWh 10 12 790 1.00 35%1 8,760 0.3 2,319 Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost Construction Costs 2,000 CFM HRV 0 2,000 cfm $8 $16,000 Ductwork and grilles 0 1 LS $4,000 $4,000 800 cfm exhaust fan 0 800 cfm $1 $800 Ductwork and grilles 0 1 LS $2,500 $2,500 Remove louver and patch exterior wall 0 1 LS $500 $500 Electrical 0 2 LS $1,000 $2,000 Estimating contingency 0 15%$3,870 Overhead & profit 0 30%$8,901 Design fees 0 10%$3,857 Project management 0 8%$3,394 Annual Costs HRV maintenance 1 - 25 2 hrs $60.00 $2,043 Energy Costs Electric Energy 1 - 25 14,529 kWh $0.063 $17,945 Electric Demand 1 - 25 20.1 kW $10.94 $4,330 Fuel Oil 1 - 25 -1,081 gal $4.03 ($123,373) Net Present Worth ($53,200) Mendenhall River School 26 Energy Audit (February 2012) Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Energy and Life Cycle Cost Analysis 25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907.789.1226 Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us Building Name EEM-13: Upgrade Transformers Energy Analysis Number kVA ηold ηnew KW kWh 3 30 96.8% 98.4% -1.4 -12,614 2 75 97.4% 98.7% -2.0 -17,082 -3.4 -29,696 Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost Construction Costs Replace transformer, kVA 30 0 3 LS $4,400 $13,200 Replace transformer, kVA 75 0 2 LS $6,500 $13,000 Overhead & profit 0 30%$7,860 Project management 0 8%$2,725 Energy Costs Electric Energy 1 - 25 -29,696 kWh $0.063 ($36,678) Electric Demand 1 - 25 -41 kW $10.94 ($8,747) Net Present Worth ($8,600) EEM-14: Upgrade Motors Energy Analysis Equip Number HP ηold ηnew kW Hours kWh F-4 1 1.5 79.1% 86.5% -0.08 1,620 -134 F-5 1 1.5 79.1% 86.5% -0.08 1,620 -134 F-2 1 3 81.4% 89.5% -0.18 1,620 -294 F-1 1 5 83.3% 89.5% -0.23 1,620 -375 F-6 1 5 83.3% 89.5% -0.23 1,620 -375 F-7 1 5 83.3% 89.5% -0.23 1,620 -375 -1.0 -1,686 Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost Construction Costs HP Replace motor 1.5 0 2 LS 955 $1,910 Replace motor 3 0 1 LS 1,080 $1,080 Replace motor 5 0 3 LS 1,290 $3,870 Energy Costs Electric Energy 1 - 25 -1,686 kWh $0.063 ($2,082) Electric Demand 1 - 25 -12 kW $10.94 ($2,685) Net Present Worth $2,100 Mendenhall River School 27 Energy Audit (February 2012) Appendix B Energy and Utility Data Mendenhall River School 28 Energy Audit (February 2012) Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Billing Data 25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907-789-1226 Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us Mendenhall River Elementary School ELECTRIC RATE Electricity ($ / kWh )0.0611 0.0592 Demand ( $ / kW )14.30 9.11 Customer Charge ( $ / mo )99.24 99.24 Sales Tax ( % )0.0% 0.0% ELECTRICAL CONSUMPTION AND DEMAND kWh kW kWh kW kWh kW kWh kW Jan 66,320 165 69,760 182 62,800 182 68,960 181 34,038 Feb 76,640 163 79,720 180 74,800 171 76,960 182 44,448 Mar 70,800 169 77,160 178 74,320 182 79,360 181 44,883 Apr 73,800 163 71,040 179 73,200 182 74,280 182 38,395 May 25,400 164 16,840 162 19,960 178 14,960 36 38,848 Jun 11,480 40 8,040 28 9,160 40 7,080 35 25,300 Jul 10,440 41 8,240 36 8,640 40 8,600 33 11,793 Aug 66,320 168 57,440 169 47,720 181 45,400 163 9,675 Sep 79,160 162 63,200 162 70,680 167 64,200 161 35,523 Oct 79,480 161 80,600 178 72,880 177 81,840 169 43,000 Nov 92,520 166 79,240 181 84,600 182 90,480 184 40,760 Dec 79,600 181 78,480 182 76,880 182 72,800 182 40,718 Total 375,010 382,570 491,460 380,470 407,378 Average 31,251 131 31,881 129 40,955 142 31,706 126 33,948 Load Factor 32.7% 33.9% 39.5% 34.4% 132 ELECTRIC BILLING DETAILS Month Energy Demand Cust & Tax Total Energy Demand Cust & Tax Total % Change Jan 2,006 2,259 99 4,365 1,985 2,235 99 4,319 -1.0% Feb 3,035 2,254 99 5,388 2,558 2,145 99 4,802 -10.9% Mar 3,418 2,281 99 5,798 2,573 2,101 99 4,773 -17.7% Apr 3,197 2,269 99 5,565 2,019 2,011 99 4,129 -25.8% May 3,411 2,225 99 5,736 2,036 1,952 99 4,088 -28.7% Jun 2,107 1,356 99 3,562 1,473 1,239 99 2,811 -21.1% Jul 930 834 99 1,863 593 239 99 931 -50.0% Aug 673 585 99 1,357 671 386 99 1,156 -14.8% Sep 2,966 1,360 99 4,426 2,263 1,247 99 3,609 -18.5% Oct 3,367 1,357 99 4,823 2,341 1,348 99 3,788 -21.5% Nov 2,475 2,254 99 4,828 2,255 2,115 99 4,469 -7.4% Dec 2,443 2,182 99 4,724 2,481 2,102 99 4,682 -0.9% Total $ 30,028 $ 21,216 $ 1,191 $ 52,435 $ 23,247 $ 19,120 $ 1,191 $ 43,557 -16.9% Average $ 2,502 $ 1,768 $ 99 $ 4,370 $ 1,937 $ 1,593 $ 99 $ 3,630 -16.9% Cost ($/kWh)$0.107 53% 44% 3% $0.114 7.3% Electrical costs are based on the current electric rates. 2010 2011 2010 AEL&P Electric Rate 24 On-Peak Nov-May Off-peak Jun-Oct Month 2008 2009 2010 Average Mendenhall River School 29 Energy Audit (February 2012) Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Annual Electric Consumption 25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907-789-1226 Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us Mendenhall River Elementary School 0 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 60,000 70,000 80,000 90,000 100,000 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov DecElectric Use (kWh)Month of the Year Electric Use History 2008 2009 2010 2010 0 50 100 150 200 250 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov DecElectric Demand (kW)Month of the Year Electric Demand History 2008 2009 2010 2010 Mendenhall River School 30 Energy Audit (February 2012) Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Electric Cost 25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907-789-1226 Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us Mendenhall River Elementary School 2011 $ 0 $ 1,000 $ 2,000 $ 3,000 $ 4,000 $ 5,000 $ 6,000 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov DecElectric Cost (USD)Month of the Year Electric Cost Breakdown 2010 Electric Use (kWh) Costs Electric Demand (kW) Costs Customer Charge and Taxes 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 0 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 60,000 70,000 80,000 90,000 100,000 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Electric Demand (kW)Electric Use (kWh)Month of the Year Electric Use and Demand Comparison 2010 Electric Use Electric Demand Mendenhall River School 31 Energy Audit (February 2012) Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Annual Fuel Oil Consumption 25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907-789-1226 Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us Mendenhall River Elementary School Year 2008 2009 2010 2011 Average Fuel Oil - Heat 13,448 11,727 17,983 14,424 14,396 Degree Days 9,282 9,093 9,284 9,013 0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000 14,000 16,000 18,000 20,000 2008 2009 2010 2011 Degree DayGallonsYear Annual Fuel Oil Use Fuel Oil ‐ Heat Degree Days Mendenhall River School 32 Energy Audit (February 2012) Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Annual Water Consumption 25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907-789-1226 Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us Mendenhall River Elementary School Year Water 2007 408,000 2008 360,000 2009 372,000 2010 360,000 0 50,000 100,000 150,000 200,000 250,000 300,000 350,000 400,000 450,000 2007 2008 2009 2010Gallons of WaterYear Annual Water  Use Mendenhall River School 33 Energy Audit (February 2012) Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Billing Data 25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907-789-1226 Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us Annual Energy Consumption and Cost Energy Cost $/MMBtu Area ECI EUI Fuel Oil $3.52 $36.31 58,669 $1.66 58 Electricity $0.114 $35.32 nterruptible Electric H $0.107 $32.95 Source Cost Electricity 407,378 kWh $46,600 1,400 41% Fuel Oil 14,396 Gallons $50,700 2,000 59% Totals $97,300 3,400 100% Annual Energy Consumption and Cost Consumption Energy, MMBtu $0.00 $5.00 $10.00 $15.00 $20.00 $25.00 $30.00 $35.00 $40.00 Fuel Oil Electricity Interruptible Electric HeatCost $ / MMBtuCost of Heat Comparison Mendenhall River School 34 Energy Audit (February 2012) Appendix C Equipment Data Mendenhall River School 35 Energy Audit (February 2012) MotorHP / Volts / RPM / EfficB-1 Boiler Room Fuel Oil BoilerWeil Mclain H-1086 2040 MBHB-2 Boiler Room Electric BoilerPrecision W-1 1430 MBH 480 V/240 KWF-1 E Central Wing 455 GymAir Care 271-LP 12,000 CFM 5 HP/ 480 V/ 1740 RPM/ 87.5%F-2 E Central Wing 455 AdministrationPace A20-AFS1 7,000 CFM 3 HP/ 480 V/ 1750 RPM/ 86.5%F-3 W Central Wing 208 Library / Classrooms Pace 27DWD1 12,000 CFM 5 HP/ 480 V/ 1750 RPM/ 89.5%F-4 W Central Wing 208 Reclaimed HeatGreenheck 50B-18-15 3,100 CFM 1 1/2 HP/ 480 V/ 1750 RPM/ 84%F-5 E Central Wing 455 CommonsAir Care 121-1-LP 3,000 CFM 1 1/2 HP/ 480 V/ 1750 RPM/ 84%F-6 Fan Room 6 West Wing Classrooms Pace 22AF 11,000 CFM 5 HP/ 480 V/ 1750 RPM/ 87.5%F-7 Fan Room 7 East Wing Classrooms Pace 22AF 11,000 CFM 5 HP/ 480 V/ 1740 RPM/ 87.5%EF-1 Multi Purpose Room Relief/Return Pace Plug Fan 18,000 CFM 5 HP /480 V/1740 RPM/ 87.5%EF-2W Central Wing 208Heat WeelGreenheck SCB 187 2,200 CFM 3/4 HP/ 480 V/ 1725 RPM/ 76%EF-3 W Wing 154 Rest RoomPace DD-450 GV 400 CFM 1/10 HP/ 115 VEF-4 W Wing 155 Rest RoomPace DD-450 GV 400 CFM 1/10 HP/ 115 VEF-5W Central Wing J201Janitor RoomPace DD-450 GV 400 CFM 1/10 HP/ 115 VEF-6 E Central Wing 261 Copy RoomPace DD-450 GV 400 CFM 1/10 HP/ 115 VEF-7 E Central Wing J251 Janitors RoomPace DD-450 GV 400 CFM 1/10 HP/ 115 VEF-8 E Central Wing 258 Kitchen Preparation Pace DD-450 GV 400 CFM 1/10 HP/ 115 VEF-9 E Central Wing 256 P.E. StoragePace DD-450 GV 400 CFM 1/10 HP/ 115 VEF-10 E Central Wing 271 Server RoomPace DD-250 GV 180 CFM 1/50 HP/ 115 VEF-11E Central Wing S-270Server RoomPace DD-250 GV 180 CFM 1/50 HP/ 115 VEF-12E Central Wing ST-266BRest RoomPace DD-150 GV 100 CFM 1/50 HP/ 115 V Mendenhall River Elementary School- Major Equipment InventoryCapacityNotesUnit IDLocation Function Make Model Mendenhall River School 36 Energy Audit (February 2012) MotorHP / Volts / RPM / Effic Mendenhall River Elementary School- Major Equipment InventoryCapacityNotesUnit IDLocation Function Make ModelEF-13E Central Wing ST-266ARest RoomPace DD-150 GV 100 CFM 1/50 HP/ 115 VEF-14E Central Wing T-267Nurse Rest RoomPace DD-150 GV 100 CFM 1/50 HP/ 115 VEF-15 E Central Wing 265 LoungePace DD-450 GV 400 CFM 1/10 HP/ 115 VEF-16 E Central Wing 264 ConferencePace DD-450 GV 400 CFM 1/10 HP/ 115 VEF-17 E Central Wing 104 Rest RoomPace DD-450 GV 400 CFM 1/10 HP/ 115 VEF-18 E Central Wing 105 Rest RoomPace DD-450 GV 400 CFM 1/10 HP/ 115 VEF-19 W Central Wing 202 Rest RoomPace DD-450 GV 400 CFM 1/10 HP/ 115 VEF-20 W Central Wing 203 Rest RoomPace DD-450 GV 400 CFM 1/10 HP/ 115 VEF-21A Crawl Space Crawl SpaceTradewind AF 7M 290 CFM 65 Watt/ 115 VEF-21B Crawl Space Crawl SpaceTradewind AF 7M 290 CFM 65 Watt/ 115 VEF-22 W Central Wing 208 Custodial Storage Exhaust Pace DD-450 GV 400 CFM 1/10 HP/ 115 VPU-1 E Central Wing 455 Gym Heat and Vent B&G37.5 GPM 1/6 HP/ 480 V/PU-2 E Central Wing 455 Not UsedB&GPU-3 E Central Wing 455 Not UsedB&GPU-4 E Central Wing 455 Not UsedB&GPU-5 E Central Wing 455 Commons Heat and Vent B&G10 GPM 1/6 HP/ 115 V/ 1750 RPMPU-6 Boiler Room Water HeaterTeel 1P965C 27 GPM 1/6 HP/ 115 V/ 1750 RPMPU-7 Boiler Room Hot Water Recirculation B&G NBF-22 10 GPM 1/6 HP/ 115 V/ 1750 RPMPU-8 Boiler Room West WingB&G PD 37 50 GPM 3/4 HP/ 480 V/ 1750 RPM/ 76%PU-9 Boiler Room Back UpB&G PD 37 50 GPM 3/4 HP/ 480 V/ 1750 RPM/ 76%PU-10 Boiler Room East WingB&G PD 37 35 GPM 3/4 HP/ 480 V/ 1750 RPM/ 76% Mendenhall River School 37 Energy Audit (February 2012) MotorHP / Volts / RPM / Effic Mendenhall River Elementary School- Major Equipment InventoryCapacityNotesUnit IDLocation Function Make ModelPU-11 Boiler Room Sump PumpPaco PIP-700 36 GPM 1/3 HP/ 115 VDHW-1 Boiler Room Indirect Domestic Hot WaterSuperstarSSU-119C 120 GallonDHW2 Boiler RoomElectric Hot Water HeaterRheem 1009E 00221 119 Gallon 36KW/ 98% EfficientT-1 Electrical Room Transformer Square D 7573 HB 75 KVA 80 Degree Temperature Rise Non TP RatedT-2 Electrical Room Transformer Westinghouse T83-C-07114 75 KVA Non TP RatedT-3 Fan 7 Room Transformer Westinghouse DT-3 30 KVA Non TP RatedT-4 Supply Room Transformer Westinghouse DT-3 30 KVA Non TP RatedT-5 Fan Room 6 Transformer Westinghouse DT-3 30 KVA Non TP RatedAC-1 Boiler Room Air Compressor Manchester CRNF-0516 150 Gallon 2 HP/480 V/1725 RPM/ 80% Two Motors Mendenhall River School 38 Energy Audit (February 2012) Appendix D Abbreviations AHU Air handling unit BTU British thermal unit BTUH BTU per hour CBJ City and Borough of Juneau CMU Concrete masonry unit CO2 Carbon dioxide CUH Cabinet unit heater DDC Direct digital controls DHW Domestic hot water EAD Exhaust air damper EEM Energy efficiency measure EF Exhaust fan Gyp Bd Gypsum board HVAC Heating, Ventilating, Air- conditioning HW Hot water HWRP Hot water recirculating pump KVA Kilovolt-amps kW Kilowatt kWh Kilowatt-hour LED Light emitting diode MBH 1,000 Btu per hour MMBH 1,000,000 Btu per hour OAD Outside air damper PSI Per square inch PSIG Per square inch gage RAD Return air damper RF Return fan SIR Savings to investment ratio SF Supply fan UV Unit ventilator VAV Variable air volume VFD Variable frequency drive Mendenhall River School 39 Energy Audit (February 2012)