HomeMy WebLinkAboutSEA-AEE-Sitka High School 2012-EE
Sitka High School
City and Borough of Sitka School District
Funded by:
Final Report
November 2011
Prepared by:
Energy Audit
Table of Contents
Section 1: Executive Summary 2
Section 2: Introduction 5
Section 3: Energy Efficiency Measures 8
Section 4: Description of Systems 13
Section 5: Methodology 17
Energy and Life Cycle Cost Analysis 19 Appendix A:
Utility and Fuel Data 26 Appendix B:
Equipment Data 32 Appendix C:
Abbreviations 37 Appendix D:
Audit Team
The energy audit is performed by Alaska Energy Engineering LLC of Juneau, Alaska. The audit team
consists of:
Jim Rehfeldt, P.E., Energy Engineer
Jack Christiansen, Energy Consultant
Brad Campbell, Energy Auditor
Loras O’Toole P.E., Mechanical Engineer
Will Van Dyken P.E., Electrical Engineer
Curt Smit, P.E., Mechanical Engineer
Philip Iverson, Construction Estimator
Karla Hart, Technical Publications Specialist
Jill Carlile, Data Analyst
Grayson Carlile, Energy Modeler
Sitka High School 1 Energy Audit (November 2011)
Section 1
Executive Summary
An energy audit of the Sitka High School was performed by Alaska Energy Engineering LLC. The
investment grade audit was funded by Alaska Housing Finance Corporation (AHFC) to identify
opportunities to improve the energy performance of public buildings throughout Alaska.
The Sitka High School is a 92,344 square foot building that contains offices, classrooms, commons,
two gym spaces with lockers and showers, industrial shops, and mechanical support spaces.
Building Assessment
The following summarizes our assessment of the building.
Envelope
Recent exterior remodel projects have provided a quality shell package for the building that appears
to be providing good service. These upgrades included siding, some front windows, and a tapered
insulation PVC roof system. The appearance of the building shell also speaks well of the maintenance
scheduling and performance efforts. Discussions with maintenance staff that assisted in the walk-thru
revealed that many preventive maintenance items that are often overlooked at other facilities, such as
the cleaning and washing of roofing, are routinely performed.
Exterior doors have poor weather stripping and are not thermally broken. Future exterior door
replacements should include this feature.
Several localized areas of paint and stucco ‘blistering’ are appearing on the building walls. This is
most likely caused by moisture being pushed through the building envelope from the interior, and the
stucco having an exterior paint applied to it which reduces its ability to ‘breath’.
Windows make up a significant portion of the building exterior square footage and are as much as
60% of the classroom exterior walls. Having an nominal value of only R-16, the wall insulation
package is inadequate by the current standards of R-26. The overall wall performance is significantly
de-rated, from R-16 to approximately R-7, due to the high percentage of glazing area and the poor
performance of the original windows that were not replaced during the remodel. Window upgrades
are expensive and not usually recommended because the life cycle cost analysis of those upgrades
does not show adequate return on investment; however, windows do not contribute as much exterior
square footage on average as they do in the Sitka High School. Reducing the height of the windows in
a future remodel from the average 7’ height in each of the classrooms to a 5’ height would
significantly improve building envelop performance with little compromise in natural lighting.
Heating System
The fuel oil boiler heating system is in good condition. A 2001 upgrade at the facility replaced the
steam system boilers with new non-condensing fuel oil cast iron boilers. This equipment appeared to
be working properly and was well maintained. ASHRAE projects a 35-year life for boiler systems.
The only mechanical discrepancy noted was that a ventilation actuator in the boiler room was found
disconnected.
Sitka High School 2 Energy Audit (November 2011)
Cooling Systems
The building utilizes three Mitsubishi Mr. Slim space coolers rated at 24,000 BTU/hr each for the
cooling of the computer lab spaces. These units are mounted on the east wing rooftop. The systems do
not capture the rejected heat for use within the building.
Ventilation System
The building ventilation systems consist of six supply fan units, five of which incorporate integral
return fans. Nine dedicated exhaust fans are utilized to remove up to 15,000 cfm that is not desirable
for reuse. The audit revealed that there are several opportunities for improving the efficiency with
which the supply and return fans are working together to conserve energy, as well as an opportunity
to balance the required amount of supply and exhaust air based on current building occupancy levels.
It is recommended that the building ventilation and exhaust requirements be recalculated, the control
sequences optimized, and the building retro-commissioned. The greatest potential for saving energy
in the building is through reducing excessive ventilation air and the subsequent heating load that
presents.
The combined ventilation air supply for the gym and auxiliary gym is 15,000 cfm. Within these
spaces there is 22.8 kW of metal halide pendant fixtures contributing heat. The ventilation air
requirement for the space is based on peak occupancy. The addition of a CO2 sensor to the space
would allow the amount of ventilation air and subsequent heating load to be reduced during lower
occupancy periods while ensuring optimal air quality.
The only mechanical discrepancy noted was that return fan RF-2 was operating without the belt guard
installed.
Lighting
Interior lighting consists of fluorescent lighting with T8 lamps and metal halide fixtures. Exterior
lighting consists of incandescent, metal halide, and high pressure sodium fixtures. The exterior
lighting utilizes both manual switching and photocell controls. During the audit all of the parking lot
lighting and several of the exterior lights were not responding properly to their photocell controls.
Lighting upgrades are not recommended to the interior spaces of the building because an analysis
determined the majority of that fixture heat is useful toward heating the building.
Energy Efficiency Measures (EEMs)
All buildings have opportunities to improve their energy efficiency. The energy audit revealed several
opportunities in which an efficiency investment will result in a net reduction in long-term operating
costs.
Behavioral and Operational EEMs
The following EEMs require behavioral and operational changes in the building use. The savings are
not readily quantifiable but these EEMs are highly recommended as low-cost opportunities that are a
standard of high performance buildings.
EEM-1: Weather-strip Doors
EEM-2: Caulk and Seal Windows
EEM-3: Insulate and Seal Crawl Space Access
EEM-4: Adjust Lighting Photocell
Sitka High School 3 Energy Audit (November 2011)
High and Medium Priority EEMs
The following EEMs are recommended for investment. They are ranked by life cycle savings to
investment ratio (SIR). This ranking method places a priority on low cost EEMs which can be
immediately funded, generating energy savings to fund higher cost EEMs in the following years.
Negative values, in parenthesis, represent savings.
25-Year Life Cycle Cost Analysis
Investment Operating Energy Total SIR
High Priority
EEM-5: Perform Boiler Combustion Test $700 $4,100 ($78,400) ($73,600) 106.1
EEM-6: Isolate Standby Boiler $1,500 $2,000 ($137,500) ($134,000) 90.3
EEM-7: Optimize VU-1A Aux Gym System $33,200 $3,400 ($356,800) ($320,200) 10.6
EEM-8: Optimize Classroom Air Handling Units $45,900 $1,700 ($458,700) ($411,100) 10.0
EEM-9: Replace Aerators $2,200 $0 ($17,300) ($15,100) 7.9
EEM-10: Install Boiler/Server Rooms Heat Recovery $122,800 $12,800 ($394,100) ($258,500) 3.1
Medium Priority
EEM-11: Replace Shop Door $10,400 $0 ($28,500) ($18,100) 2.7
EEM-12: Upgrade RF-3 Motor $1,300 $0 ($2,000) ($700) 1.5
Totals* $189,400 $24,000 ($1,473,300) ($1,259,900) 7.7
*The analysis is based on each EEM being independent of the others. While it is likely that some
EEMs are interrelated, an isolated analysis is used to demonstrate the economics because the audit
team is not able to predict which EEMs an Owner may choose to implement. If several EEMs are
implemented, the resulting energy savings is likely to differ from the sum of each EEM projection.
Summary
The energy audit revealed numerous opportunities for improving the energy performance of the
building. It is recommended that the behavioral and high priority EEMs be implemented now to
generate energy savings from which to fund the medium priority EEMs.
Another avenue to consider is to borrow money from AHFCs revolving loan fund for public
buildings. AHFC will loan money for energy improvements under terms that allow for paying back
the money from the energy savings. More information on this option can be found online at
http://www.ahfc.us/loans/akeerlf_loan.cfm.
Sitka High School 4 Energy Audit (November 2011)
Section 2
Introduction
This report presents the findings of an energy audit of the Sitka High School located in Sitka, Alaska.
The purpose of this investment grade energy audit is to evaluate the infrastructure and its subsequent
energy performance to identify applicable energy efficiencies measures (EEMs).
The energy audit report contains the following sections:
Introduction: Building use and energy consumption.
Energy Efficiency Measures: Priority ranking of the EEMs with a description, energy analysis,
and life cycle cost analysis.
Description of Systems: Background description of the building energy systems.
Methodology: Basis for how construction and maintenance cost estimates are derived and the
economic and energy factors used for the analysis.
BUILDING USE
The Sitka High School is a 92,344 square foot building that contains offices, classrooms, commons,
two gym spaces with lockers and showers, industrial shops, and mechanical support spaces.
Schedules
Lighting Schedules
6:30 am Doors open, lights on manually in commons areas
7:30 am Gym lights on
8:00 am Teachers control lighting in individual classrooms
8:50 am – 3:20 pm School hours
3:20 pm – 10:00 pm Evening lighting in Gym and Classrooms as needed
10:00 pm Custodial work completed and all lighting off
School Schedules
6:30 am Jazz Band
7:00 am – 8:00 am 50 students in commons areas
8:00 am – 8:50 am 125 students in commons areas
11:45 am – 12:20 pm Lunch. 200 students in commons areas, 50 students in gym
3:20 pm Commons and gym areas utilized as needed
Sitka High School 5 Energy Audit (November 2011)
Fan Schedules
School
Monday – Friday 5:30 am – 6:00 pm
Saturday – Sunday 7:00 am – 6:00 pm
Gymnasiums
Sunday – Saturday 6:00 am – 6:00 pm
Kitchen Schedules
6:00 am – 2:00 pm Monday – Friday for preparation of 200+ meals
Summer Schedule
Fans and boilers off
Classrooms open as needed
Gym open for basketball
Building History
1960 – Original Construction
1963 – Gym Addition
1974 – Additions and Alterations
1975 – Metal-Weld Shop HV Unit and EF-1, 2, 3
1977 – Art Shop AH-1 and Exhaust Fan E-1
1982 – Gym Addition HV, RF, and EF Systems
1985 – Exterior Modifications
1990 – Upgrade and Remodel Science Wing
1994 – Electrical and Mechanical Upgrades
2001 – Electrical and Mechanical Upgrades
Energy and Water Consumption
The building energy sources include an electric service and a fuel oil tank. Fuel oil is used for the
majority of the heating loads and the larger domestic hot water system while electricity serves all
other loads, including the smaller domestic hot water and a limited amount of space heating. The
following table shows annual energy use and cost.
Annual Energy Consumption and Cost
Source Consumption Cost Energy, MMBtu
Electricity 852,080 kWh $83,200 2,900 23%
Fuel Oil 73,077 Gallons $260,900 9,900 77%
Totals $344,100 12,800 100%
Sitka High School 6 Energy Audit (November 2011)
Electricity
This chart shows electrical
energy use from 2007 to
2010. The year-by-year
energy consumption is
fairly consistent and is
reflective of the building
use.
The effective cost—energy
costs plus demand
charges—is 9.8¢ per kWh.
Fuel Oil
This chart shows heating energy
use from 2007 to 2010 and
compares annual use with the
heating degree days (a
measurement of the demand for
energy to heat a building).
A year with a higher number of
degree days reflects colder
outside temperatures and a higher
heating requirement.
Fuel usage was substantially
higher in 2008 due to the
construction of the Performing
Arts building.
The current cost of fuel oil (August 2011) is $3.78 per
gallon. Assuming a fuel oil conversion efficiency of
70% and an electric boiler conversion efficiency of
95%, oil heat costs $38.99 per MMBtu. Since electric
heat at 9.8¢ per kWh costs $30.14 per MMBtu,
electric heat is less expensive than fuel oil heat.
Water
The water use is not metered and the cost is a fixed rate per month.
Sitka High School 7 Energy Audit (November 2011)
Section 3
Energy Efficiency Measures
The following energy efficiency measures (EEMs) were identified during the energy audit. The
EEMs are priority ranked and, where applicable, subjected to energy and life cycle cost analysis.
Appendix A contains the energy and life cycle cost analysis spreadsheets.
The EEMs will be grouped into the following prioritized categories:
Behavioral or Operational: EEMs that require minimal capital investment but require
operational or behavioral changes. The EEMs provide a life cycle savings but an analysis is
not performed because the guaranteed energy savings is difficult quantify.
High Priority: EEMs that require a small capital investment and offer a life cycle savings.
Also included in this category are higher cost EEMs that offer significant life cycle savings.
Medium Priority: EEMs that require a significant capital investment to provide a life cycle
savings. Many medium priority EEMs provide a high life cycle savings and offer substantial
incentive to increase investment in building energy efficiency.
Low Priority: EEMs that will save energy but do not provide a life cycle savings.
BEHAVIORAL OR OPERATIONAL
The following EEMs are recommended for implementation. They require behavioral or operational
changes that can occur with minimal investment to achieve immediate savings. These EEMs are not
easily quantified by analysis because they cannot be accurately predicted. They are recommended
because they offer a life cycle savings, represent good practice, and are accepted features of high
performance buildings.
EEM-1: Weather-strip Doors
Purpose: Energy will be saved if doors are properly weather-stripped to reduce infiltration. All
exterior steel doors have damaged or missing weather stripping.
Scope: Replace weather stripping on all doors.
EEM-2: Caulk and Seal Windows
Purpose: Vinyl windows in the weight room annex are not properly sealed. Energy will be saved
if windows are caulked and sealed to reduce infiltration.
Scope: Caulk around vinyl windows.
EEM-3: Insulate and Seal Crawl Space Access
Purpose: The exterior access to the crawlspace is leaky and improperly insulated. Energy will be
saved if the access is insulated and sealed to reduce infiltration.
Scope: Insulate and seal exterior crawlspace access.
Sitka High School 8 Energy Audit (November 2011)
EEM-4: Adjust Lighting Photocell
Purpose: Exterior lights did not shut off in daytime hours with automatic photocell control. This
included 4.5 kw of parking lot lamps that remained on throughout the entire school day.
Energy will be saved if the photocell control system is adjusted to control exterior light
operation hours properly.
Scope: Adjust photocell controls for proper exterior light operations.
HIGH PRIORITY
The following EEMs are recommended for implementation because they are low cost measures that
have a high savings to investment ratio. The EEMs are listed from highest to lowest priority. Negative
values, in parenthesis, represent savings.
EEM-5: Perform a Boiler Combustion Test
Purpose: Operating the boilers and fuel oil domestic hot water heater with an optimum amount
of excess air will improve combustion efficiency. Annual cleaning followed by a
combustion test is recommended.
Scope: Annually clean and perform a combustion test on both boilers and on the fuel oil hot
water heater.
Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs
Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR
$240 ($2,770) ($2,530) $700 $4,100 ($78,400) ($73,600) 106.1
EEM-6: Isolate Standby Boiler
Purpose: The lead boiler is capable of meeting the entire heating load. The standby boiler is not
isolated so flow continues to keep it hot. Circulating hot water through the standby
boiler results in jacket losses and flue losses as air flows through the boiler and up the
chimney. Energy will be saved by closing the heating return valve on the standby boiler
so it cools down.
A recommended operating procedure is to turn on one boiler when school starts, turn
the standby boiler on for the winter months and switchover monthly, and turn the first
boiler off once the weather warms in spring. This will minimize losses while operating
both boilers equally.
Scope: Isolate the standby boiler by closing the heating return valve.
Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs
Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR
$120 ($4,850) ($4,730) $1,500 $2,000 ($137,500) ($134,000) 90.3
Sitka High School 9 Energy Audit (November 2011)
EEM-7: Optimize VU-1A Aux Gym System
Purpose: The auxiliary gym is served by a constant volume system that varies ventilation air
with outside temperature rather than occupancy. Since the occupancy of the gym varies
widely—and is minimal throughout the school day—the controls can be modified to
reduce energy consumption.
Scope: Modify the system controls as follows:
- Balance minimum OSA flow
- Convert to DDC controls and optimize for demand controlled ventilation and room
setpoint control of mixing dampers and heating coil automatic valve.
- Remove return fan and install relief dampers
Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs
Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR
$200 ($12,630) ($12,430) $33,200 $3,400 ($356,800) ($320,200) 10.6
EEM-8: Optimize Classroom Air Handling Units
Purpose: The classroom air handing units (SF-2, SF-3, SF-4, SF-5, and SF-6) are controlled to
mix return and outside air to 55°F and then reheating it to a 60°F supply air
temperature. This control varies outside air with outside temperature and results in
over-ventilation and subsequent higher energy costs. In addition, the heat recovery cells
in SF-3 and SF-4 are not properly controlled—a condition that was not corrected from
the final inspection list.
Scope: Modify the control sequences to set the minimum outside air flow to meet occupancy
requirements and makeup exhaust air flow. Establish proper operation of the heat
recovery cells in SF-3 and SF-4. Retro-commission the systems.
Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs
Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR
$100 ($16,180) ($16,080) $45,900 $1,700 ($458,700) ($411,100) 10.0
EEM-9: Replace Aerators
Purpose: Energy will be saved by replacing the lavatory aerators and showerheads with low-flow
models to reduce the amount of heated water used.
Scope: Replace lavatory aerators and showerheads with water-conserving fixtures.
Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs
Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR
$0 ($610) ($610) $2,200 $0 ($17,300) ($15,100) 7.9
Sitka High School 10 Energy Audit (November 2011)
EEM-10: Install Boiler and Server Room Heat Recovery
Purpose: The boiler room and computer server room are adjacent spaces that generate a
significant amount of heat that is currently unrecovered. Energy will be saved if a heat
pump heat recovery system is installed to recover this heat and transfer it to the
gymnasium.
Scope: Install heat pumps in the gymnasium, boiler room, and server room with a heat
recovery loop to transfer the heat between the units.
Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs
Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR
$750 ($12,820) ($12,070) $94,200 $12,800 ($394,100) ($287,100) 4.0
MEDIUM PRIORITY
Medium priority EEMs require planning and a higher level of investment. They are recommended
because they offer a life cycle savings. The EEMs are listed from highest to lowest priority. Negative
values, in parenthesis, represent savings.
EEM-11: Replace Shop Door
Purpose: The 14’x12’ wood-shop door is an uninsulated steel unit with approximately 50%
single pane glass. Energy will be saved if this door is replaced with an insulated unit.
Scope: Replace uninsulated door with an insulated unit.
Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs
Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR
$0 ($1,010) ($1,010) $10,400 $0 ($28,500) ($18,100) 2.7
EEM-12: Upgrade RF-3 Motor
Purpose: The 5 HP motor in return fan RF-3 has a full load efficiency of only 80%. Energy will
be saved if this motor is replaced with a premium efficiency motor rated at 89.5% or
greater.
Scope: Replace RF-3 motor with premium efficiency motor.
Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs
Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR
$0 ($100) ($100) $1,300 $0 ($2,000) ($700) 1.5
Sitka High School 11 Energy Audit (November 2011)
LOW PRIORITY
Low priority EEMs do not offer a life cycle energy savings and are not recommended.
EEM-13: Upgrade Exterior Lighting
Purpose: The existing parking lot and perimeter lighting consists of metal halide fixtures on
photocells. These fixture styles are less efficient than LED lighting and the lamp life is
much shorter.
Scope: Replace these existing exterior lights with LED lights.
Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs
Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR
($760) ($1,610) ($2,370) $58,800 ($12,900) ($31,700) $14,200 0.8
EEM-14: Optimize SF-1 Gym HVAC System
Purpose: The main gym is served by a constant volume system that varies ventilation air with
outside temperature rather than occupancy. Since the occupancy of the gym varies
widely—and is minimal throughout the school day—the controls can be modified to
reduce energy consumption.
Scope: Modify the system controls as follows:
- Install a VFD to vary supply air flow with cooling requirements with a minimum of
50% flow.
- Install a pressure sensor to varying outside air with locker makeup air
requirements.
Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs
Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR
$100 ($320) ($220) $23,800 $1,700 ($200) $25,300 -0.1
EEM-15: Convert Hydronic Heating System to Variable Flow
Purpose: The heating system uses constant speed pumps that consume nearly constant energy as
heating loads vary. Converting to variable flow will allow energy use to modulate with
heating load.
Scope: Install variable speed drives on the heating pumps. Convert 3-way automatic valves at
the air handlers to 2-way valves. This EEM is not recommended because the savings
does not offset the cost of converting the system for variable flow.
Sitka High School 12 Energy Audit (November 2011)
EEM-16: Replace Windows
Purpose: Windows make up a significant portion of the building exterior and are as much as
60% of the classroom exterior walls. The overall wall performance is significantly de-
rated from the R-16 to approximately R-7 due to the poor performance of the original
windows that were not replaced during the 1999 remodel
Existing windows have an estimated insulation value of R-1.5 while new windows will
be greater than R-3. Additional energy would be saved if the height of the windows is
reduced from the average 7’ height to 4’ or 5’ height without there being a significant
compromise in natural lighting.
Scope: Replace original windows with smaller and more efficient units. This EEM is not
recommended because the savings does not offset the cost of replacing the windows.
Sitka High School 13 Energy Audit (November 2011)
Section 4
Description of Systems
ENERGY SYSTEMS
This section provides a general description of the building systems. Energy conservation
opportunities are addressed in the Energy Efficiency Measure section of the report.
Building Envelope
The following table summarizes the existing envelope.
Building Envelope
R-value
Component Description (inside to outside) Existing Optimal
Exterior Wall 5/8” Gyp. Bd, 2”x6” metal studs, R-19 batt, 2” EIFS foam, ½” stuccoR-16 R-26
Roof 5/8” Gyp. Bd, metal truss w/2” concrete, ave 6” insulated tapered
roof system with PVC R-25 R-46
Floor Slab 4” Concrete slab-on-grade R-10 R-10
Windows Aluminum and vinyl double-pane units throughout R-1.25 R-5
Doors Metal frame w/o thermal break R-2 R-5
Heating System
The building is heated by a fuel oil boiler and one electric boiler that provides heat to air handling and
hydronic units. The heating system has the following pumps:
CP-1A and 1B circulates heating water to the hydronic heating units.
CP-2A and 2B circulates heating water to the ventilation system heating coils.
CP-3 circulates heating water to the domestic hot water system.
Sitka High School 14 Energy Audit (November 2011)
Ventilation Systems
Area Fan System Description
Gym SF-1 Constant volume air handling unit consisting of a mixing box,
filter section, heating coil, and a supply fan
West Wing SF-2/RF-2 Constant volume air handling unit consisting of a mixing box,
filter section, supply fan, and return air fan
1st Floor North SF-3/RF-3 Constant volume air handling unit consisting of a heat
exchanger HX-1, heating coil, mixing box, filter section,
supply fan, and return air fan
1st and 2nd Floor North SF-4/RF-4 Constant volume air handling unit consisting of a heat
exchanger HX-2, heating coil, mixing box, filter section,
supply fan, and return air fan
East Wing SF-5/RF-5 Constant volume air handling unit consisting of a heating coil,
mixing box, filter section, supply fan, and return air fan
East Wing-South SF-6/RF-6 Constant volume air handling unit consisting of a heating coil,
mixing box, filter section, supply fan, and return air fan
Kitchen Make-Up Air MAF Constant volume full outside air unit consisting of a filter
section, heating coil, and supply fan
Aux Gym Fan VU-1A Constant volume air handling unit consisting of a heating coil,
mixing box, filter section, supply fan, and return air fan
Men’s Locker Room Fan VU-4 Return air from gym with filter section, heating coil, and
supply fan
Women’s Locker Room Fan VU-5 Return air from gym with filter section, heating coil, and
supply fan
Power Mechanics HV-1 Constant volume air handling unit consisting of a mixing box,
filter section, and supply fan
Wood Shop HV-2 /HV-3 Constant volume air handling unit consisting of a heating coil,
mixing box, filter section, supply fan, and return air fan
Metal Shop MAF Constant volume full outside air unit consisting of a filter
section, heating coil, and supply fan
Exhaust West EF-1 3,300 cfm 1 ½ hp exhaust unit mounted in Room 305
Exhaust East EF-2 1,400 cfm ¾ hp exhaust fan mounted in Room 401
Central Toilet Exhaust EF-3 350 cfm ¼ hp exhaust fan mounted on rooftop
Kitchen Exhaust EF-4 6,624 cfm 5 hp exhaust fan mounted on rooftop
Art Room Exhaust EF-5 1,100 cfm 3/4 hp exhaust fan mounted on rooftop
Fume Hood Exhaust EF-6 500 cfm ¼ hp exhaust fan mounted on rooftop
Cabinet EF-7 240 cfm ¼ hp exhaust fan mounted on rooftop
Electric Room 178 EF-8 360 cfm ¼ hp exhaust fan mounted on rooftop
Dishwasher EF-9 1000 cfm ¼ hp exhaust fan mounted on rooftop
Sitka High School 15 Energy Audit (November 2011)
Domestic Hot Water System
There are four domestic hot water circulation pumps that deliver domestic hot water to four locations
throughout the building. The water conservation efficiency of the lavatory aerators and the
showerheads can be improved to reduce the consumption rate of heated water.
Cooling Systems
The building utilizes three Mitsubishi Mr. Slim space coolers rated at 24,000 BTU/hr each for the
cooling of the computer lab spaces. These units are mounted on the east wing rooftop.
Automatic Control System
The building utilizes a DDC system that monitors and controls an all-electric control system
Lighting
Interior lighting consists fluorescent lighting with T8 lamps and metal halide fixtures.
Exterior lighting consists of incandescent, metal halide, and high pressure sodium fixtures. The
exterior lighting utilizes both manual switching and photocell controls. During the audit all of the
parking lot lighting and several of the exterior lights were not responding properly to their photocell
controls.
Electric Equipment
In addition to the electrical equipment used for the distribution of commercial power, the building
also has a back-up emergency diesel generator rated at 341 kw.
Commercial equipment for food preparation is located in the kitchen.
Sitka High School 16 Energy Audit (November 2011)
Section 5
Methodology
Information for the energy audit was gathered through on-site observations, review of construction
documents, and interviews with operation and maintenance personnel. The EEMs are evaluated using
energy and life cycle cost analyses and are priority ranked for implementation.
Energy Efficiency Measures
Energy efficiency measures are identified by evaluating the building’s energy systems and comparing
them to systems in modern, high performance buildings. The process for identifying the EEMs
acknowledges the realities of an existing building that was constructed when energy costs were much
lower. Many of the opportunities used in modern high performance buildings—highly insulated
envelopes, variable capacity mechanical systems, heat pumps, daylighting, lighting controls, etc.—
simply cannot be economically incorporated into an existing building.
The EEMs represent practical measures to improve the energy efficiency of the buildings, taking into
account the realities of limited budgets. If a future major renovation project occurs, additional EEMs
common to high performance buildings should be incorporated.
Life Cycle Cost Analysis
The EEMs are evaluated using life cycle cost analysis which determines if an energy efficiency
investment will provide a savings over a 25-year life. The analysis incorporates construction,
replacement, maintenance, repair, and energy costs to determine the total cost over the life of the
EEM. Future maintenance and energy cash flows are discounted to present worth using escalation
factors for general inflation, energy inflation, and the value of money. The methodology is based on
the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Handbook 135 – Life Cycle Cost
Analysis.
Life cycle cost analysis is preferred to simple payback for facilities that have long—often perpetual—
service lives. Simple payback, which compares construction cost and present energy cost, is
reasonable for short time periods of 2-4 years, but yields below optimal results over longer periods
because it does not properly account for the time value of money or inflationary effects on operating
budgets. Accounting for energy inflation and the time value of money properly sums the true cost of
facility ownership and seeks to minimize the life cycle cost.
Construction Costs
The cost estimates are derived based on a preliminary understanding of the scope of each EEM as
gathered during the walk-through audit. The construction costs for in-house labor are $60 per hour for
work typically performed by maintenance staff and $110 per hour for contract labor.
The cost estimate assumes the work will be performed as part of a larger renovation or energy
efficiency upgrade project. When implementing EEMs, the cost estimate should be revisited once the
scope and preferred method of performing the work has been determined. It is possible some EEMs
will not provide a life cycle savings when the scope is finalized.
Sitka High School 17 Energy Audit (November 2011)
Maintenance Costs
Maintenance costs are based on in-house or contract labor using historical maintenance efforts and
industry standards. Maintenance costs over the 25-year life of each EEM are included in the life cycle
cost calculation spreadsheets and represent the level of effort to maintain the systems.
Energy Analysis
The energy performance of an EEM is evaluated within the operating parameters of the building. A
comprehensive energy audit would rely on a computer model of the building to integrate building
energy systems and evaluate the energy savings of each EEM. This investment grade audit does not
utilize a computer model, so energy savings are calculated with factors that account for the dynamic
operation of the building. Energy savings and costs are estimated for the 25-year life of the EEM
using appropriate factors for energy inflation.
Prioritization
Each EEM is prioritized based on the life cycle savings to investment ratio (SIR) using the following
formula:
Prioritization Factor = Life Cycle Savings / Capital Costs
This approach factor puts significant weight on the capital cost of an EEM, making lower cost EEMs
more favorable.
Economic Factors
The following economic factors are significant to the findings.
Nominal Interest Rate: This is the nominal rate of return on an investment without regard to inflation.
The analysis uses a rate of 5%.
Inflation Rate: This is the average inflationary change in prices over time. The analysis uses an
inflation rate of 2%.
Economic Period: The analysis is based on a 25-year economic period with construction beginning in
2010.
Fuel Oil
Petro Marine Services currently supplies fuel oil at a price of $3.57 per gallon of heating fuel
(September, 2011). Fuel oil inflation historically averaged 6% per year prior to the rapid escalation
and de-escalation of prices over the past five years. The analysis assumes the fuel oil inflation will
once again continue to inflate at 6% per year.
Electricity
Electricity is supplied by the CBS Electric Department. Power generation facilities include Blue Lake
Hydro, Green Lake Hydro, and the Jarvis Street diesel plant. In 2008, the hydroelectric plants
generated 97.6% of the electricity with diesel supplementation of the remaining amount.
The building is billed under the General Services Rate, which charges for both electrical consumption
(kWh) and peak electric demand (kW). Electrical consumption is the amount of energy consumed and
electric demand is the rate of consumption. Electric demand is determined by averaging demand over
a continuously sliding fifteen-minute window. The highest fifteen-minute average during the billing
period determines the peak demand. The following table lists the current electric charges:
Sitka High School 18 Energy Audit (November 2011)
General Services Rate
Monthly Charge Rate
Energy Charge per kWh
First 500 kWh 14.17¢
501 to 10,000 kWh 9.03¢
10,001 to 100,000 kWh 8.50¢
Over 100,000 kWh 7.50¢
Demand Charge per kW
First 25 kW No charge
Over 25 kW $3.90
Over recent history, Sitka’s electricity inflation has been low, lagging general inflation. Even the
diesel supplementation of recent years has not resulted in a rate increase.
To reduce diesel supplementation, planning and preliminary design work is in progress to expand
Blue Lake Hydro to its maximum capacity. That expansion will include raising the dam by as much
as 83 feet, increasing power production of Blue Lake by over 50%. The Blue Lake project will be
funded by 30-year bonds at market rate. The utility’s existing debt will be refinanced so the Blue
Lake expansion will have a limited impact on rates over the next 20 years. However it is prudent to
plan for nominal electric inflation of 1% per year.
Even with the Blue Lake expansion, electric heating loads are likely to continue to place demands on
the hydroelectric generation facilities. Energy balance reports for Southeast Alaska communities
show that heating loads are 175% greater than the non-heating load. While most of the heating load is
currently met with fuel oil, only a small percentage of this large potential load needs to convert to
electricity to place demands on the electric grid. In essence, future electricity prices may be tied to
fuel oil inflation. The life cycle cost analysis uses an electric inflation of 3%, which is higher than
current predictions, to account for the impacts of future fuel oil to electric heat conversions.
Summary
The following table summarizes the energy and economic factors used in the analysis.
Summary of Economic and Energy Factors
Factor Rate or Cost Factor Rate or Cost
Nominal Discount Rate 5% Electricity Current rates
General Inflation Rate 2% Electricity Inflation 2%
Fuel Oil Cost (2012) $3.57/gal Fuel Oil Inflation 6%
Sitka High School 19 Energy Audit (November 2011)
Appendix A
Energy and Life Cycle Cost Analysis
Sitka High School 20 Energy Audit (November 2011)
Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Energy and Life Cycle Cost Analysis
25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907.789.1226
Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us
Sitka High School
Basis
Economic
Study Period (years) 25 Nominal Discount Rate 5%General Inflation 2%
Energy
2011 $/gal Fuel Inflation 2012 $/gal
Fuel Oil $3.57 6% $3.78
Electricity $/kWh (2011)$/kW (2011)Inflation $/kWh (2012)$/kW (2012)
w/ Demand Charges $0.086 $3.90 3% $0.089 $4.02
Effective Cost $0.980 -3% $0.102 -
EEM-5: Perform Boiler Combustion Test
Energy Analysis
Annual Gal % Savings Savings, Gal
73,100 -1.0% -731
Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost
Construction Costs
Purchase combustion analyzer 0 1 LS $700 $700
Annual Costs
Combustion test 1 - 25 4 hrs $60.00 $4,086
Energy Costs
Fuel Oil 1 - 25 -731 gal $3.78 ($78,408)
Net Present Worth ($73,600)
EEM-6: Isolate Standby Boiler
Energy Analysis
Boiler Input MBH Loss %Loss MBH Hours, exist kBtu η boiler Gallons
B-1 / B-2 6,707 -0.5% -34 3,600 -120,732 68% -1,282
Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost
Construction Costs
Change boiler operating sequence 0 1 LS $1,500 $1,500
Annual Costs
Isolate standby boiler 1 - 25 2 hrs $60.00 $2,043
Energy Costs
Fuel Oil 1 - 25 -1,282 gal $3.78 ($137,501)
Net Present Worth ($134,000)
Sitka High School 21 Energy Audit (November 2011)
Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Energy and Life Cycle Cost Analysis
25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907.789.1226
Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us
Sitka High School
EEM-7: Optimize VU-1A Aux Gym System
Energy Analysis
Fan Case CFM ΔP η, fan BHP η, motor kW Hours kWh
VU-1A Existing -6,000 1.50 55%-3 90%-2 4,800 -10,300
Optimized 6,000 1.75 55%3 90%3 4,800 12,017
EF-1A Existing -4,700 0.50 50%-1 87%-1 4,800 -3,044
Optimized 0 0.50 50%0 87%0 4,800 0
-0.3 -1,327
Ventilation SA CFM MAT T,room MBH Hours kBtu η boiler Gallons
VU-1A Existing -6,000 55 68 -84 4,800 -404,352 68%-4,293
Optimized 6,000 65 68 19 4,800 93,312 68%991
-311,040 -3,303
Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost
Construction Costs
Convert to DDC, optimize controls 0 1 ea $13,000 $13,000
Install pressure relief dampers 0 1 ea $700 $700
Adjusting and balancing 0 1 ea $2,000 $2,000
Remove return fan EF-1A 0 1 ea $3,000 $3,000
Estimating contingency 0 15%$2,805
Overhead & profit 0 30%$6,452
Design fees 0 10%$2,796
Project management 0 8%$2,460
Annual Costs
DDC Maintenance 1 - 25 1 LS $200.00 $3,405
Energy Costs
Electric Energy 1 - 25 -1,327 kWh $0.089 ($2,310)
Electric Demand 1 - 25 -3 kW $4.02 ($218)
Fuel Oil 1 - 25 -3,303 gal $3.78 ($354,243)
Net Present Worth ($320,200)
Sitka High School 22 Energy Audit (November 2011)
Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Energy and Life Cycle Cost Analysis
25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907.789.1226
Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us
Sitka High School
EEM-8: Optimize Classroom Air Handling Units
Energy Analysis
Ventilation SA CFM MAT T,room MBH Hours kBtu η boiler Gallons
SF-2 Existing -10,440 55 70 -169 3,240 -547,975 68%-5,818
Optimized 10,440 58 70 140 3,240 452,992 68%4,810
SF-3 Existing -7,870 55 70 -127 3,240 -413,081 68%-4,386
Optimized 7,870 58 70 105 3,240 341,480 68%3,626
SF-4 Existing -7,495 55 70 -121 3,240 -393,398 68%-4,177
Optimized 7,495 58 70 100 3,240 325,209 68%3,453
SF-5 Existing -9,410 55 70 -152 3,240 -493,912 68%-5,244
Optimized 9,410 58 70 126 3,240 408,301 68%4,335
SF-6 Existing -9,050 55 70 -147 3,240 -475,016 68%-5,044
Optimized 9,050 58 70 121 3,240 392,680 68%4,169
-402,719 -4,276
Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost
Construction Costs
Balance OAD for mn OSA position 0 5 ea $2,000 $10,000
Reprogram HRCs 0 2 ea $1,600 $3,200
Controls 0 1 ea $10,500 $10,500
Retro-commissioning 0 1 ea $5,000 $5,000
Estimating contingency 0 10%$1,000
Overhead & profit 0 30%$8,910
Design fees 0 10%$3,861
Project management 0 8%$3,398
Annual Costs
DDC Maintenance 1 - 25 1 LS $100.00 $1,703
Energy Costs
Fuel Oil 1 - 25 -4,276 gal $3.78 ($458,656)
Net Present Worth ($411,100)
EEM-9: Replace Aerators
Energy Analysis
Fixture Existing Proposed Uses/day Days Water,Gals % HW kBTU Gallons
Showerhead 20.0 10.0 5 180 -9,000 80% -4,804 -51
Lavatories 0.3 0.2 1,200 90 -19,440 80% -10,376 -110
η boiler -28,440 -161
68%
Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost
Construction Costs
Replace lavatory aerators 0 36 ea $35 $1,260
Replace showerhead 0 26 ea $35 $910
Energy Costs
Fuel Oil 1 - 25 -161 gal $3.78 ($17,289)
Net Present Worth ($15,100)
Gallons per Use
Sitka High School 23 Energy Audit (November 2011)
Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Energy and Life Cycle Cost Analysis
25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907.789.1226
Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us
Sitka High School
EEM-10: Install Boiler/Server Rooms Heat Recovery
Energy Analysis
Heat Recovery
Boiler gph Jacket Loss MBH
47 1.0% 65
Server, kW MBH
310
Heat Pump Heat
MBH COP Heat, MBH kBtu kWh η boiler Gallons
75 3 113 406,787 39,741 68% -4,319
Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost
Construction Costs
Gym heat pump 0 1 LS $20,000 $20,000
Heat pump electrical 0 1 LS $4,000 $4,000
Heat recovery pump and piping 0 1 LS $11,000 $11,000
Boiler room heat pump 0 1 LS $16,000 $16,000
Server room heat pump 0 1 LS $6,000 $6,000
Commissioning 0 1 LS $4,000 $4,000
Overhead & profit 0 30% $18,300
Design fees 0 10%$7,930
Project management 0 8%$6,978
Annual Costs
Heat pump maintenance 1 - 25 3 ea $250.00 $12,770
Energy Costs
Electric Energy 1 - 25 39,741 kWh $0.089 $69,200
Fuel Oil 1 - 25 -4,319 gal $3.78 ($463,289)
Net Present Worth ($287,100)
EEM-11: Replace Shop Door
Energy Analysis
Component Area R,exist R,new ΔT MBH kBtu η boiler Gallons
Overhead Door 168 0.75 5 15 -2.9 -25,019 68%-266
Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost
Construction Costs
Replace overhead door 0 168 sqft $35 $5,880
Estimating contingency 0 15%$882
Overhead & profit 0 30%$2,029
Design fees 0 10%$879
Project management 0 8%$774
Energy Costs
Fuel Oil 1 - 25 -266 gal $3.78 ($28,494)
Net Present Worth ($18,100)
Electric Load Boiler Savings
Sitka High School 24 Energy Audit (November 2011)
Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Energy and Life Cycle Cost Analysis
25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907.789.1226
Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us
Sitka High School
EEM-12: Upgrade RF-3 Motor
Energy Analysis
Equip Number HP ηold ηnew kW Hours kWh
RF-3 1 5 80.0% 89.5% -0.4 2,770 -982
Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost
Construction Costs HP
Replace motor 5 0 1 LS $1,290 $1,290
Energy Costs
Electric Energy 1 - 25 -982 kWh $0.089 ($1,709)
Electric Demand 1 - 25 -4 kW $4.02 ($336)
Net Present Worth ($800)
EEM-13: Upgrade Exterior Lighting
Energy Analysis
Type # Fixtures Lamp Lamp, watts Fixture Watts Lamp Lamp, watts Fixture Watts Savings, kWh
WallPak 10 MH 70 95 LED -40 -2,409
WallPak 10 MH 100 128 LED -60 -2,978
WallPak 18 MH 250 313 LED -150 -12,812
-18,199
Lamp Replacement
Type # Fixtures Lamp # Lamps Life, hrs Lamps//yr $ / lamp $ / Replace
WallPak 10 MH -1 12,000 -3.65 $42 $60
WallPak 10 MH -1 15,000 -2.92 $32 $60
WallPak 18 MH -1 15,000 -5.26 $40 $120
WallPak 10 LED 1 60,000 0.73 $125 $60
WallPak 10 LED 1 60,000 0.73 $190 $60
WallPak 18 LED 1 60,000 1.31 $190 $120
Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost
Construction Costs
Replace WallPak: 70 watt MH with LED 0 10 LS $1,050 $10,500
Replace WallPak: 100 watt MH with LED 0 10 LS $1,050 $10,500
Replace WallPak: 150 watt MH with LED 0 18 LS $1,050 $18,900
Overhead & profit 0 30% $11,970
Design fees 0 5%$2,594
Project management 0 8%$4,357
Annual Costs
Existing lamp replacement, 70 watt MH 1 - 25 -3.65 lamps $102.00 ($6,339)
Existing lamp replacement, 100 watt MH 1 - 25 -2.92 lamps $92.00 ($4,574)
Existing lamp replacement, 250 watt MH 1 - 25 -5.26 lamps $160.00 ($14,319)
LED board replacement, 40 watts 1 - 25 0.73 LED board $185.00 $2,300
LED board replacement, 60 watts 1 - 25 0.73 LED board $250.00 $3,107
LED board replacement, 80 watts 1 - 25 1.31 LED board $310.00 $6,936
Energy Costs
Electric Energy 1 - 25 -18,199 kWh $0.089 ($31,689)
Net Present Worth $14,200
Existing Replacement
Sitka High School 25 Energy Audit (November 2011)
Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Energy and Life Cycle Cost Analysis
25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907.789.1226
Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us
Sitka High School
EEM-14: Optimize SF-1 Gym HVAC System
Energy Analysis
Fan Case CFM ΔP η, fan BHP η, motor kW Hours kWh
SF-1 Existing -12,000 1.90 55%-7 93%-5 3,240 -16,951
Optimized 8,000 1.10 55%3 93%2 3,240 6,542
-3 -10,408
Additional Heating Load
kWh Factor kBtu η boiler Gallons
10,408 50% 17,757 68% 189
Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost
Construction Costs
Install VFD and controls 0 1 ea $14,000 $14,000
Estimating contingency 0 10%$1,400
Overhead & profit 0 30%$4,620
Design fees 0 10%$2,002
Project management 0 8%$1,762
Annual Costs
DDC Maintenance 1 - 25 1 LS $100.00 $1,703
Energy Costs
Electric Energy 1 - 25 -10,408 kWh $0.089 ($18,124)
Electric Demand 1 - 25 -29 kW $4.02 ($2,283)
Fuel Oil 1 - 25 189 gal $3.78 $20,223
Net Present Worth $25,300
Sitka High School 26 Energy Audit (November 2011)
Appendix B
Energy and Utility Data
Sitka High School 27 Energy Audit (November 2011)
Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Billing Data
25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907-789-1226
Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us
Sitka High School
ELECTRIC RATE
Electricity ($ / kWh )Demand ( $ / kW )
1-500 kWh $0.1417 First 25 kW $0.00
501-10,000 kWh $0.0903 Over 25 kW $3.90
10,001-100,000 kWh $0.0850
>100,000 kWh $0.0750
ELECTRICAL CONSUMPTION AND DEMAND
kWh kW kWh kW kWh kW kWh kW
Jan 78,720 244 80,640 252 71,440 241 75,920 242 76,680
Feb 82,640 251 81,600 250 88,320 249 84,480 244 84,260
Mar 71,200 251 82,560 237 74,080 246 74,080 249 75,480
Apr 89,840 244 86,400 241 80,240 250 73,440 242 82,480
May 79,840 246 74,240 246 71,280 242 80,000 242 76,340
Jun 58,720 174 63,200 218 55,600 221 52,400 226 57,480
Jul 36,240 118 27,840 102 34,240 129 32,080 126 32,600
Aug 47,520 185 38,800 174 47,680 187 46,240 194 45,060
Sep 83,280 244 80,080 235 78,160 236 70,800 232 78,080
Oct 82,560 247 77,840 242 76,320 243 82,320 249 79,760
Nov 85,600 254 84,960 257 87,680 242 73,920 244 83,040
Dec 86,320 255 82,720 243 77,680 242 76,560 245 80,820
Total 882,480 860,880 842,720 822,240 852,080
Average 73,540 226 71,740 225 70,227 227 68,520 228 71,007
Load Factor 44.5% 43.7% 42.3% 41.2% 226
ELECTRIC BILLING DETAILS
Month Energy Demand Total Energy Demand Total % Change
Jan $6,151 $842 $6,993 $6,532 $845 $7,377 5.5%
Feb $7,586 $873 $8,459 $7,260 $854 $8,114 -4.1%
Mar $6,376 $860 $7,236 $6,376 $873 $7,248 0.2%
Apr $6,899 $879 $7,778 $6,321 $845 $7,166 -7.9%
May $6,138 $845 $6,982 $6,879 $845 $7,723 10.6%
Jun $4,805 $764 $5,568 $4,533 $782 $5,315 -4.5%
Jul $2,989 $405 $3,394 $2,806 $392 $3,198 -5.8%
Aug $4,132 $633 $4,764 $4,009 $661 $4,670 -2.0%
Sep $6,722 $823 $7,545 $6,097 $807 $6,904 -8.5%
Oct $6,566 $851 $7,417 $7,076 $873 $7,949 7.2%
Nov $7,532 $848 $8,379 $6,362 $854 $7,216 -13.9%
Dec $6,682 $848 $7,529 $6,586 $857 $7,444 -1.1%
Total $ 72,576 $ 9,469 $ 82,045 $ 70,835 $ 9,488 $ 80,323 -2.1%
Average $ 6,048 $ 789 $ 6,837 $ 5,903 $ 791 $ 6,694 -2.1%
Cost ($/kWh) $0.097 88% 12% $0.098 0.3%
$0.086
2009 2010
Electrical costs are based on the current electric rates.
2010
General Service
Month 2007 2008 2009 Average
Sitka High School 28 Energy Audit (November 2011)
Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Annual Electric Consumption
25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907-789-1226
Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us
Sitka High School
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
80,000
90,000
100,000
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov DecElectric Use (kWh)Month of the Year
Electric Use History
2007
2008
2009
2010
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov DecElectric Demand (kW)Month of the Year
Electric Demand History
2007
2008
2009
2010
Sitka High School 29 Energy Audit (November 2011)
Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Electric Cost
25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907-789-1226
Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us
Sitka High School 2010
$ 0
$ 1,000
$ 2,000
$ 3,000
$ 4,000
$ 5,000
$ 6,000
$ 7,000
$ 8,000
$ 9,000
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov DecElectric Cost (USD)Month of the Year
Electric Cost Breakdown
2010
Electric Use (kWh) Costs
Electric Demand (kW) Costs
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
0
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
80,000
90,000
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Electric Demand (kW)Electric Use (kWh)Month of the Year
Electric Use and Demand Comparison
2010
Electric Use
Electric Demand
Sitka High School 30 Energy Audit (November 2011)
Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Annual Fuel Oil Consumption
25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907-789-1226
Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us
Sitka High School
#DIV/0!
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Year Fuel Oil Degree Days
2,007 74,698 6,665
2,008 83,915 6,420
2,009 70,523 7,639
2,010 63,173 7,360
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
0
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
80,000
90,000
2007 2008 2009 2010 Degree DaysGallons of Fuel OilYear
Annual Fuel Oil Use
Fuel Oil
Degree Days
Sitka High School 31 Energy Audit (November 2011)
Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Billing Data
25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907-789-1226
Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us
Annual Energy Consumption and Cost
Energy Cost $/MMBtu Area ECI EUI
Fuel Oil $3.78 $38.99 92,344 $3.89 139
Electricity $0.098 $30.14
Source Cost
Electricity 852,080 kWh $83,200 2,900 23%
Fuel Oil 73,077 Gallons $276,200 9,900 77%
Totals $359,400 12,800 100%
Annual Energy Consumption and Cost
Consumption Energy, MMBtu
Sitka High School 32 Energy Audit (November 2011)
Appendix C
Equipment Data
Sitka High School 33 Energy Audit (November 2011)
MotorLocation Function Make Model Capacity HP / Volts / RPM / Effic Notes2 Food Facilities Refrigeration Cold ZoneCZ65‐2A208V/ 3PH/ 35.9 A3 Food Facilities Walk in Cooler Cold Zone MPL-2CZ 120V/ 3PH5 Food Facilities Walk in Freezer Cold Zone Not Available 120V9 Food Facilities Mixer Varimixer W 60 3 HP 3 HP/ 208V/ 3 PH/ 8.7 A13 Food Facilities ProoferServolift/ Eastern1900 PH-73-U 120V/ 1PH/ 15.8 A16 Food Facilities Ware Washer Hobart AM-14T 2 HP 208V/ 3 PH/ 26 A19 Food FacilitiesHeated Pass-ThruTraulsen RHF 1-32 WP 120V/ 208V/ 1PH/ 7.5 A20 Food FacilitiesRefrigerated Pass-ThruTraulsen RHT 1-32 WPUT 1/3 HP 120V/ 1 PH/ 8.3 A24 Food Facilities Ventilator Autec AXDP 120V/ 1 PH25 Food Facilities Oven Southbend GS-22 108K BTU 120V/ 1 PH/ 7.9 A26 Food Facilities Braising Pan Market Forge 40-STGL 145K BTU 120V/ 6 A27 Food Facilities Kettle Market Forge F-60PE 208V/ 3 PH28 Food Facilities Utility Avtec EIDG 790K BTU 120V/ 208V/ 3 PH29 Food Facilities Oven Southbend GS-22 108K BTU 120V/ 7.9 A31 Food Facilities Fryer Frymaster MJHSO-2 80K BTU 120V/ 1 PH32 Food Facilities Range Southbend 1361 122K BTU 120V/ 208V/ 3 PH37 Food FacilitiesPass-Thru FreezerBeverage-Air CF5-1W-GS 1/3 HP/ 120V/ 1 PHSitka High School - Major Equipment InventoryUnit IDSitka High School 34 Energy Audit (November 2011)
MotorLocation Function Make Model Capacity HP / Volts / RPM / Effic NotesSitka High School - Major Equipment InventoryUnit ID38 Food FacilitiesHot Food DisplayMerco 1220-3-4D 120V/ 15.1 A39 Food Facilities Milk Cooler Beverage-Air ST34N 1/5 HP/ 120V/ 4.6 AH+J ShopMetal + WeldingNot AvailableNot Available 10,780 CFM 7 1/2 HP/ 976/ 60 A/ 3 PHVU-4 Gym Storage Gym GE SKH43MG131F 1/2 HP/ 120V/ 7.6 A/ 1725 RPMLow EfficencyP Hydronic H2O Gym Bell Gosset 1AA-60BF 1/3/ 25 RPM/ 6 Gallon Minimum 25' Head PressureVU-5 Gym Storage Gym Dayton 6K775A 1/2 HP/ 1725 RPM/ 115 V/ 8.6 AP Hydronic H2O Gym Bell Gosset 1AA-60BF 1/3/ 25 RPM/ 6 Gallon Minimum 25' Head PressureSF-1 Penthouse 305 GymScott SpringfieldHQ-125-AHU-12,000 12,000 CFM 5 HP/ 208V/ 3 PH/ 89.5%SF-2 Penthouse 305 West WingScott SpringfieldHQ-125-AHU- 10,440 CFM 7 1/2 HP/ 208V/ 3 PH/ 91%10,400' Head PressureSF-3 Penthouse 305 1st NorthScott SpringfieldHQ-80-AHU- 7,870 CFM 7 1/2 HP/ 208V/ 3 PH/ 91%7,900' Head PressureSF-4 Penthouse 305 1st+2nd SouthScott SpringfieldHQ-80-AHU- 7,495 CFM 7 1/2 HP/ 208V/ 3 PH/ 91%7,500' Head PressureSF-5 Penthouse 401 East Wing NorthScott SpringfieldHQ-100-AHU- 9,410 CFM 5 HP/ 208V/ 3 PH/ 91%9,400' Head PressureSF-6 Penthouse 401 East Wing SouthScott SpringfieldHQ-100-AHU- 9,050 CFM 7 1/2 HP/ 208V/ 3 PH/ 91%9,000' Head PressureRF-2 Penthouse 305 West WingScott SpringfieldNot Available 7,915 CFM 3 HP/ 208V/ 3 PH/ 89.5%RF-3 Penthouse 305 1st+2nd NorthScott SpringfieldNot Available 7,555 CFM 5 HP/ 208V/ 3 PH/ 80%RF-4 Penthouse 305 1st+2nd SouthScott SpringfieldNot Available 3,560 CFM 3 HP/ 208V/ 3 PH/ 89%RF-5 Penthouse 401 East NorthScott SpringfieldNot Available 8.750 CFM 3 HP/ 208V/ 3 PH/ 89.5%
Sitka High School 35 Energy Audit (November 2011)
MotorLocation Function Make Model Capacity HP / Volts / RPM / Effic NotesSitka High School - Major Equipment InventoryUnit IDRF-6 Penthouse 401 East Wing SouthScott SpringfieldNot Available 7,070 CFM 3 HP/ 208V/ 3 PH/ 89.5%EF-1 Penthouse 305 Exhaust WestAce GreenheckSFB-18-15-CW- 3,330 CFM 1 1/2 HP/ 208V/ 3 PH UBEF-2 Penthouse 401 Exhaust EastAce GreenheckNot Available 1,540 CFM 3/4 HP/ 208V/ 3 PHEF-3 Roof Central ToiletAce GreenheckNot Available 340 CFM 1/4 HP/ 120V/ 1 PHEF-4 Roof Kitchen ExhaustAce GreenheckCUBE-300HP-50-G 6,624 CFM 5 HP/ 208V/ 1 PHEF-5 Roof Hood/Art 109Ace GreenheckCUBE-140-HP-7 1,110 CFM 3/4 HP/ 208V/ 1 PHEF-6 Roof Fume HoodAce GreenheckCUBE-140-HP-4-X 500 CFM 1/4 HP/ 120V/ 1 PHEF-7 Roof CabinetAce GreenheckCUBE-100-4 240 CFM 1/4 HP/ 120V/ 1 PHEF-8 Roof Electrical 178Ace GreenheckGB-150-4-X 360 CFM 1/4 HP/ 120V/ 1 PHEF-9 Roof DishwasherScott SpringfieldCUBE-120V-4-X 1,000 CFM 1/4 HP/ 120V/ 1 PHMAF Penthouse KitchenScott SpringfieldHQ-60-AHU- 5,300 CFM 3 HP/ 208V/ 3 PH/ 89.55,300' Head PressureSaw Dust Constion TechSawdust RemovalNot AvailableNot Available 6,500 CFM 15 HP/ 208V/ 3 PH/P-21+B Boiler Room Fan SX5 Taco B+G CE 3010E3KAAO91D 1,150 RPM 5 HP/ 208V/ 3 PH/ 89.5P-1A+B Boiler RoomBuilding CirculationTaco B+G CE2008E3JAB838D 1,750 RPM 5 HP/ 208V/ 14.9 A/ 89.5P-3 Boiler Room Dom. HW Heat Taco B+G Not Available 1 1/2 HP/ 208V/ 3 PH/ Premium EfficencySUMP Boiler Room Elevator Hydromatic Weil 45 GPM 1/3 HP/ 120V/ 1 PHBoiler RoomDomestic Hot Water BoilerA.O. Smith EHASR .75-3 GPH 120V/ 5.5 ASecured Not WorkingSitka High School 36 Energy Audit (November 2011)
MotorLocation Function Make Model Capacity HP / Volts / RPM / Effic NotesSitka High School - Major Equipment InventoryUnit ID1 Boiler Room Hot Water Bell+Gosset Not Available1/12 HP/ 1725 RPM/ 115 V/ 1.75 A2 Boiler RoomBell+Gosset Not Available1/6 HP/ 1725 RPM/ 115 V/ 2.443 Boiler Room GymBell+Gosset Not Available1/12 HP/ 1725 RPM/ 115 V/ 1.75 A4 Boiler RoomHot Water ReciveBell+Gosset HUBNFI-E391/6 HP/ 115 V/ 4 ABoiler Room Genset Volvo Penta TAD1231GE341 KW/ 464 HPB-1 Boiler Room Boiler Weil Mclain 24905,500 MBHBoiler Room Burner Gordon Piatt FL-12-0-5047.5max/15.8minGPH208V/ 3 PH/ 13.9 AmpsB-2 Boiler Room Boiler Weil Mclain 20945,500 MBHBoiler Room Burner Gordon Piatt FL-12-0-5047.5max/16minGPH208V/ 3 PH/ 13.9 AmpsBoiler Room Oil Pump Baldor CL 35041/2 HP/ 7.4 A/ 1725 RPM/68% EfficiencyBoiler Room Oil Pump Baldor CL 35041/2 HP/ 7.4 A/ 1725 RPMH+V-1Power Mechanics3,8400 CFM 2 HP/ 910/H+V-2Construction Tech.2,000 CFM 1 HP/ 810/H+V-3Construction Tech.2,000 CFM 1 HP/ 810/VU-1A Auxillary Gym3,000 CFM 1.5 HP/ 860/
Sitka High School 37 Energy Audit (November 2011)
Appendix D
Abbreviations
AHU Air handling unit
BTU British thermal unit
BTUH BTU per hour
CBJ City and Borough of Juneau
CMU Concrete masonry unit
CO2 Carbon dioxide
CUH Cabinet unit heater
DDC Direct digital controls
DHW Domestic hot water
EAD Exhaust air damper
EEM Energy efficiency measure
EF Exhaust fan
Gyp Bd Gypsum board
HVAC Heating, Ventilating, Air-
conditioning
HW Hot water
HWRP Hot water recirculating pump
KVA Kilovolt-amps
kW Kilowatt
kWh Kilowatt-hour
LED Light emitting diode
MBH 1,000 Btu per hour
MMBH 1,000,000 Btu per hour
OAD Outside air damper
PSI Per square inch
PSIG Per square inch gage
RAD Return air damper
RF Return fan
SIR Savings to investment ratio
SF Supply fan
UV Unit ventilator
VAV Variable air volume
VFD Variable frequency drive
Sitka High School 38 Energy Audit (November 2011)