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HomeMy WebLinkAboutSEA-AEE-Wrangell High School 2012-EE Wrangell High School Wrangell Public Schools Funded by: Final Report December 2011 Prepared by: Energy Audit Table of Contents Section 1: Executive Summary 2  Section 2: Introduction 6  Section 3: Energy Efficiency Measures 9  Section 4: Description of Systems 16  Section 5: Methodology 19  Appendix A: Energy and Life Cycle Cost Analysis 22  Appendix B: Utility and Energy Data 30  Appendix C: Equipment Data 35  Appendix D: Abbreviations 39  Audit Team The energy audit is performed by Alaska Energy Engineering LLC of Juneau, Alaska. The audit team consists of:  Jim Rehfeldt, P.E., Energy Engineer  Jack Christiansen, Energy Consultant  Brad Campbell, Energy Auditor  Loras O’Toole P.E., Mechanical Engineer  Will Van Dyken P.E., Electrical Engineer  Curt Smit, P.E., Mechanical Engineer  Philip Iverson, Construction Estimator  Karla Hart, Technical Publications Specialist  Jill Carlile, Data Analyst  Grayson Carlile, Energy Modeler Wrangell High School 1 Energy Audit (December 2011) Section 1 Executive Summary An energy audit of the Wrangell High School was performed by Alaska Energy Engineering LLC. The investment grade audit was funded by Alaska Housing Finance Corporation (AHFC) to identify opportunities to improve the energy performance of public buildings throughout Alaska. The Wrangell High School is a 58,096 square foot building that contains commons, classrooms, offices, a music room, a gym, a kitchen, a library, locker rooms, storage, and mechanical support spaces. The following summarizes our assessment of the building: Building Assessment Envelope Energy conscious decisions were incorporated in the selection of features of the exterior envelope. These include: non-aluminum framed windows and window curtain walls, arctic entries, and a judicious number of windows throughout the building. Interior features such as lower ceilings and a sensible amount of lighting in interior spaces also support a reasonably energy efficient design. A large portion of the exterior walls also use wood framing, which is significantly superior to metal studs without a thermal break. Some opportunities to increase the energy efficiency of the building envelope were identified. The gym wall construction consists of a concrete block wall with 4” metal studs attached to the exterior surface on 24” centers, 4” rigid batt insulation between the studs, and a vertical wood siding on the exterior. The insulation value of the concrete block is R-1. Although the wall is insulated between the metal studs, there is no thermal break between the metal studs and the concrete, or the metal studs and the outside air. Due to the high thermal conductivity of the metal studs, this decreases the overall insulation value of the wall to R-5. Optimum energy efficiency targets for a newly constructed wall are R-26. The siding on the gym wall is in poor condition. Energy Efficiency Measure 12, Section 3, recommends increasing the insulation when the siding is replaced. The Inverted Roof Membrane Assembly (IRMA) on the gym and surrounding flat roof spaces. This style of roof typically has a membrane set on the roof deck, covered with 5” thick rigid insulation, and a fabric cloth layer, then topped with stone ballast or roofing paver. The 5” thick rigid insulation provides an insulation value of R-20 (assuming expanded polystyrene foam); however, it has been determined that the IRMA is a flawed system that is particularly ineffective and inefficient in Southeast Alaska. This is because the IRMA allows water to flow between the layers of insulation to the waterproof membrane below before it flows to the roof drains. This presents a two-fold problem. First, the expanded foam eventually becomes waterlogged and loses some of its insulating properties. Secondly, any outdoor temperature water moving through the foam against the warm roof surface below will remove heat as it travels to the roof drain. In a climate such as Wrangell’s, imagine the number of days per year that the roof and underside of the ceiling is being cooled to the temperature of the rain water. That number is simply the number of rainy days per year. Consideration of the replacement of these roof sections with a tapered roof system buildup to optimum insulation levels, supported by a life cycle cost analysis, is outlined in Section 3, Energy Efficiency Measure 17. The exterior doors are not thermally broken and weather stripping is in poor condition. Weather stripping should be replaced and, when replaced, exterior doors should include thermal breaks. Wrangell High School 2 Energy Audit (December 2011) Heating & Ventilation Systems The building is heated by two electric boilers as the primary heat source and two fuel oil boilers as supplemental sources. The hydronic heating system serves heat to nine air handling unit systems, fan coil units, domestic hot water heating systems, and perimeter hydronic systems. The electric boilers supply heat at a much lower cost than the fuel oil boilers and they require less maintenance. The building hydronic heating pumps are variable speed pumps that modulate their energy consumption with heating load. The boiler systems and associated equipment appear to be well maintained and are providing good service. A control upgrade project in 2007 converted the high school pneumatic controls to a DDC system, improving performance and efficiency. The building utilizes constant flow air handling systems to deliver conditioned air within the building envelope. The rate at which air is delivered is based on the square footage of the spaces and is not currently controlled to decrease the delivery rate when fewer occupants are in a space. The gym is a good example. This space is available for use 74 hours per week under the current schedule. It is often minimally occupied. Energy will be saved if the ventilation exchange rate is reduced during periods of low occupancy. There is a significant amount of damaged duct insulation throughout the building. Energy will be saved if the duct insulation is repaired. The remainder of the heating and ventilating systems appear to be in good condition; however fairly simple improvements can be made to improve its effectiveness and efficiency. These are outlined in Section 3, Energy Efficiency Measures. Lighting Interior lighting consists primarily of T12 fluorescent fixtures throughout the school and metal halide pendant fixtures in the gymnasium. Exterior lighting consists primarily of high pressure sodium lighting. The additional heat produced by the T12 fluorescent fixtures is beneficial toward heating the building. Since the building is primarily heated with electricity, there is no incentive to upgrade the interior lighting. The current maintenance plan of replacing the T12 fixtures with more efficient T8 fixtures only as the ballasts fail is a responsible approach to phasing in the newer and more efficient T8 fixtures. Summary It is the assessment of the energy audit team that the building is energy efficient for its period of construction. The main missing feature that is a stable of today’s high performance buildings is variable flow ventilation systems that reduce air flow when cooling loads are low. Other areas of poor performance are lack of sufficient roof insulation as a result of the IRMA systems and the exterior walls of the gym. Wrangell High School 3 Energy Audit (December 2011) Energy Efficiency Measures (EEMs) All buildings have opportunities to improve their energy efficiency. The energy audit revealed numerous opportunities in which an efficiency investment will result in a net reduction in long-term operating costs. Behavioral and Operational EEMs The following EEMs require behavioral and operational changes in the building use. The savings are not readily quantifiable but these EEMs are highly recommended as low-cost opportunities that are a standard of high performance buildings. EEM-1: Weather-strip Doors EEM-2: Replace Broken Window EEM-3: Insulate Walls and Ceiling EEM-5: Optimize SF-8 (Commons) HVAC System EEM-6: Seal Fan System Access Doors High and Medium Priority EEMs The following EEMs are recommended for investment. They are ranked by life cycle savings to investment ratio (SIR). This ranking method places a priority on low cost EEMs which can be immediately funded, generating energy savings to fund higher cost EEMs in the following years. Negative values, in parenthesis, represent savings. 25-Year Life Cycle Cost Analysis Investment Operating Energy Total SIR High Priority EEM-6: Isolate Standby Boiler $500 $4,100 ($91,400) ($86,800) 174.6 EEM-7: Optimize SF-3 (Gym) HVAC System $41,700 $0 ($178,000) ($136,300) 4.3 Medium Priority EEM-8: Replace Aerators $1,500 $0 ($4,400) ($2,900) 2.9 EEM-9: Optimize SF-2 HVAC System $10,700 $0 ($18,400) ($7,700) 1.7 EEM-10: Upgrade Motors to Premium Efficiency $16,900 $0 ($25,900) ($9,000) 1.5 EEM-11: Optimize SF-9 (Music) HVAC System $8,200 $0 ($11,900) ($3,700) 1.5 EEM-12: Increase Gym Wall Insulation $103,100 $0 ($143,200) ($40,100) 1.4 EEM-13: Optimize 1st Fl. Classrooms HVAC System $13,300 $0 ($17,000) ($3,700) 1.3 Totals* $195,900 $4,100 ($490,200) ($290,200) 2.5 *The analysis is based on each EEM being independent of the others. While it is likely that some EEMs are interrelated, an isolated analysis is used to demonstrate the economics because the audit team is not able to predict which EEMs an Owner may choose to implement. If several EEMs are implemented, the resulting energy savings is likely to differ from the sum of each EEM projection. Wrangell High School 4 Energy Audit (December 2011) Summary The energy audit revealed numerous opportunities for improving the energy performance of the building. It is recommended that the behavioral and high priority EEMs be implemented now to generate energy savings from which to fund the medium priority EEMs. Another avenue to consider is to borrow money from AHFCs revolving loan fund for public buildings. AHFC will loan money for energy improvements under terms that allow for paying back the money from the energy savings. More information on this option can be found online at http://www.ahfc.us/loans/akeerlf_loan.cfm. Wrangell High School 5 Energy Audit (December 2011) Section 2 Introduction This report presents the findings of an energy audit of the Wrangell High School located in Wrangell, Alaska. The purpose of this investment grade energy audit is to evaluate the infrastructure and its subsequent energy performance to identify applicable energy efficiencies measures (EEMs). The energy audit report contains the following sections: Introduction: Building use and energy consumption. Energy Efficiency Measures: Priority ranking of the EEMs with a description, energy analysis, and life cycle cost analysis. Description of Systems: Background description of the building energy systems. Methodology: Basis for how construction and maintenance cost estimates are derived and the economic and energy factors used for the analysis. BUILDING USE The Wrangell High School is a 58,096 square foot building that contains commons, classrooms, offices, a music room, a gym, a kitchen, a library, locker rooms, storage, and mechanical support spaces. The high school is operated by 21 staff and attended by 110 students. The facility is scheduled in the following manner: Classes, Offices, Library 7:30 am – 4:00 pm (M-F) Commons, Gym 8:00 am – 10:00 pm (M-F) 10:00 am – 2:00 pm (Saturday) Building History 1984 – Original Construction Phase I 1985 – Original Construction Phase II 2007 – Renovation Phase I 2008 – Renovation Phase II 2011 – Electric Boiler Installation Wrangell High School 6 Energy Audit (December 2011) Energy Consumption The building energy sources include an electric service and a fuel oil tank. Electricity is the primary source for the majority of the heating loads and domestic hot water while two fuel oil boilers serve as a back-up heat source. The following table and charts show annual energy use and cost before the electric boilers were installed in 2011. Insufficient data since the installation exists for this analysis. Annual Energy Consumption and Cost Source Consumption Cost Energy, MMBtu Electricity 374,419 kWh $42,600 1,300 28% Fuel Oil 24,008 Gallons $88,800 3,300 72% Totals $131,400 4,600 100% Electricity This chart shows electrical energy use from 2007 to 2010. The electric boilers were installed in 2011 and data is not available for the increased electrical demand of the high school. The effective cost— energy costs plus demand charges—is 11.4¢ per kWh. Fuel Oil This chart shows heating energy use from 2007 to 2010. The chart compares annual use with the heating degree days (a measurement of the demand for energy to heat a building). A year with a higher number of degree days reflects colder outside temperatures and a higher heating requirement. Wrangell High School 7 Energy Audit (December 2011) Cost of Heat Comparison This chart shows a comparison of the current cost of fuel oil heat and electric heat. The comparison is based on a fuel oil conversion efficiency of 70% and an electric boiler conversion efficiency of 95%. Electric heat is currently less expensive than fuel oil heat. Wrangell High School 8 Energy Audit (December 2011) Section 3 Energy Efficiency Measures The following energy efficiency measures (EEMs) were identified during the energy audit. The EEMs are priority ranked and, where applicable, subjected to energy and life cycle cost analysis. Appendix A contains the energy and life cycle cost analysis spreadsheets. The EEMs will be grouped into the following prioritized categories: Behavioral or Operational: EEMs that require minimal capital investment but require operational or behavioral changes. The EEMs provide a life cycle savings but an analysis is not performed because the guaranteed energy savings is difficult quantify. High Priority: EEMs that require a small capital investment and offer a life cycle savings. Also included in this category are higher cost EEMs that offer significant life cycle savings. Medium Priority: EEMs that require a significant capital investment to provide a life cycle savings. Many medium priority EEMs provide a high life cycle savings and offer substantial incentive to increase investment in building energy efficiency. Low Priority: EEMs that will save energy but do not provide a life cycle savings. BEHAVIORAL OR OPERATIONAL The following EEMs are recommended for implementation. They require behavioral or operational changes that can occur with minimal investment to achieve immediate savings. These EEMs are not easily quantified by analysis because they cannot be accurately predicted. They are recommended because they offer a life cycle savings, represent good practice, and are accepted features of high performance buildings. EEM-1: Weather-strip Doors Purpose: The high school exterior steel doors do not seal and are missing weather stripping. Energy will be saved if doors are properly weather-stripped to reduce infiltration. Scope: Replace weather stripping on exterior doors. EEM-2: Replace Broken Window Purpose: A 2’ x 5’ window in the commons area is broken and covered only with a single plexi- glass sheet. Energy will be saved if the single pane is replaced with a double pane glazing unit. Scope: Repair broken window. Wrangell High School 9 Energy Audit (December 2011) EEM-3: Insulate Walls and Ceiling Purpose: A 40 square foot section of ceiling space and 60 square foot section of wall space are currently uninsulated in the northeast maintenance storage space of the school. Energy will be saved if the walls are insulated to optimum levels of fill. Scope: Install wall insulation in uninsulated wall stud cavities. EEM-4: Optimize SF-4 (Gym Locker) HVAC System Purpose: SF-4 is a constant volume ventilation system supplying conditioned air to the gym locker rooms, wrestling room, storage rooms, and adjacent rooms. Energy will be saved if the exhaust air damper control is changed from modulating in sequence with the outside air damper to modulating the damper to maintain neutral building pressure. EEM-5: Seal Fan System Access Doors Purpose: Many of the fan systems have access doors that do not seal tightly and are leaking. Sealing the access doors will reduce air leakage. Scope: Fix the latches and seals on access doors so they close tightly. HIGH PRIORITY The following EEMs are recommended for implementation because they are low cost measures that have a high savings to investment ratio. The EEMs are listed from highest to lowest priority. Negative values, in parenthesis, represent savings. EEM-6: Isolate Standby Boiler Purpose: Only one fuel oil boiler needs to be kept online as a backup to the electric boilers. Circulating hot water through the other fuel oil boiler causes heat loss of 0.5% of the input rating of the boiler due to it acting as a heat sink. Energy will be saved if the standby fuel oil boiler is isolated from the system. Scope: Shut down and isolate the standby fuel oil boiler. Switch the lag and standby boilers semi-annually. Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR $240 ($5,820) ($5,580) $500 $4,100 ($91,400) ($86,800) 174.6 Wrangell High School 10 Energy Audit (December 2011) EEM-7: Optimize SF-3 (Gym) HVAC System Purpose: SF-3 is a constant volume ventilation system supplying conditioned air to the gymnasium. Energy will be saved if the system is converted to variable flow that turns down when the gym is lightly occupied. Also, the controls can be optimized by sequentially controlling the mixing dampers and heating coil to maintain room setpoint, with a CO2 sensor override of the mixing dampers. Scope: Perform the following modifications to the SF-3 system: - Install VFDs on SF-3 and RF-11 and modify the controls to modulate fan speed with cooling requirements in the gym. - Modify the supply air temperature control to sequentially modulate the mixing dampers and automatic valve to maintain room setpoint. Provide CO2 sensor override of the mixing dampers to control CO2 levels. - Modify the controls to modulate the exhaust air damper with gym pressure Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR $0 ($11,350) ($11,350) $41,700 $0 ($178,000) ($136,300) 4.3 MEDIUM PRIORITY Medium priority EEMs will require planning and a higher level of investment. They are recommended because they offer a life cycle savings. The EEMs are listed from highest to lowest priority. Negative values, in parenthesis, represent savings. EEM-8: Replace Aerators Purpose: Energy and water will be saved by replacing the lavatory aerators and showerheads with low-flow models. Scope: Replace lavatory aerators and showerheads with water-conserving fixtures. Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR $0 ($280) ($280) $1,500 $0 ($4,400) ($2,900) 2.9 Wrangell High School 11 Energy Audit (December 2011) EEM-9: Optimize SF-2 (2nd Floor Classrooms) HVAC System Purpose: SF-2 is a constant volume ventilation system supplying conditioned air to the second floor classrooms. The system supplies a minimum of 2,660 cfm of outside air, an amount that is sufficient for ventilating the entire school. The system also provides make-up air for exhaust fans EF-1 (Toilets), EF-5 (Science), EF-6 (Fume Hood) and EF-7 (Fume Hood). Of these only EF-1 is operating continuously. Energy will be saved if the minimum outside air percentage is reduced to 10% and RF-4 is rebalanced to return more air to SF-2. Scope: Perform the following modifications to the SF-1 system: - Modify the SF-2 control sequence to decrease the minimum outside air percentage to 10% - Rebalance RF-4 to return more air to SF-1 - Modify the controls to modulate the exhaust air damper with building pressure Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR $0 ($1,170) ($1,170) $10,700 $0 ($18,400) ($7,700) 1.7 EEM-10: Upgrade Motors to Premium Efficiency Purpose: The equipment inspection identified thirteen motors that could be upgraded with premium efficiency models to save energy. They are: - P-1 10 HP from 82.0% to 91.7% efficiency - P-2 10 HP from 82.0% to 91.7% efficiency - AC-1 2 HP from 71.0% to 86.5% efficiency - SF-1 10 HP from 85.5% to 91.7% efficiency - SF-3 7.5 HP from 88.5% to 91.0% efficiency - SF-4 5 HP from 86.5% to 89.5% efficiency - SF-8 3 HP from 85.5% to 89.5% efficiency - RF-1 5 HP from 87.0% to 89.5% efficiency - RF-4 3 HP from 86.0% to 89.5% efficiency - RF-9 1 HP from 84.0% to 85.5% efficiency - RF-10 1.5 HP from 84.0% to 86.5% efficiency - RF-11 5 HP from 86.5% to 89.5% efficiency - RF-12 2 HP from 84.0% to 86.5% efficiency Scope: Replace identified motors with premium efficiency motors. Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR $0 ($1,650) ($1,650) $16,900 $0 ($25,900) ($9,000) 1.5 Wrangell High School 12 Energy Audit (December 2011) EEM-11: Optimize SF-9 (Music) HVAC System Purpose: SF-9 is a constant volume ventilation system supplying conditioned air to the music room. The system is currently supplying 60° F air to the room. Energy will be saved if the system is optimized by sequentially controlling the mixing dampers and heating coil to maintain room setpoint, with a C02 sensor override of the mixing dampers. Scope: Perform the following modifications to the SF-9 system: - Modify the supply air temperature control to sequentially modulate the mixing dampers and automatic valve to maintain room setpoint. Provide a CO2 sensor override of the mixing dampers to control CO2 levels. - Modify the controls to modulate the exhaust air damper with room pressure Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR $0 ($760) ($760) $8,200 $0 ($11,900) ($3,700) 1.5 EEM-12: Increase Gym Wall Insulation Purpose: The gym wall assembly consists of concrete and metal stud construction without a thermal break. The walls have an estimated R-5 insulation value. An optimal R-value by current construction standards is R-26. Energy will be saved if the insulation level of the walls is increased. The construction of the walls allows for adding exterior foam insulation and new siding. Scope: The siding on the gym wall is rotting and at the end of its service life. When the siding is replaced, a minimum of 4” of exterior foam insulation should be installed. This analysis includes the cost of installing insulation at the time of a re-siding project. Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR $0 ($9,130) ($9,130) $103,100 $0 ($143,200) ($40,100) 1.4 EEM-13: Optimize SF-1 (1st Floor Classrooms) HVAC System Purpose: SF-1 is a constant volume ventilation system supplying conditioned air to the first floor classrooms. The system supplies a minimum of 2,950 cfm of outside air, which is sufficient for ventilating the entire school. Energy will be saved if the SF-1 controls are modified to decrease the minimum outside air percentage to 10%. Scope: Perform the following modifications to the SF-1 system: - Modify the SF-1 control sequence SF-1 to decrease the minimum outside air percentage to 10% - Rebalance RF-1 to return more air to SF-1 - Modify the controls to modulate the exhaust air damper with building pressure Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR $0 ($1,090) ($1,090) $13,300 $0 ($17,000) ($3,700) 1.3 Wrangell High School 13 Energy Audit (December 2011) LOW PRIORITY Low priority EEMs do not offer a life cycle energy savings and are not recommended. EEM-14: Upgrade Exterior Lighting to LED Purpose: The existing perimeter parking lot lighting consists of metal halide and high pressure sodium fixtures. These fixture styles are less efficient than LED lighting and the lamp life is much shorter. Scope: Replace these existing exterior lights with LED lights. Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR $250 ($2,420) ($2,170) $36,900 ($200) ($38,000) ($1,300) 1.0 EEM-15: Optimize SF-8 (Commons) HVAC System Purpose: SF-8 is a constant volume ventilation system supplying conditioned air to the commons. The system also provides make-up air for EF-4 (kitchen hood). EF-4 is operating continuously 5:00 am to 1:00 pm. Most of the time, the fan could operate at reduced capacity and still remove cooking odors and moisture. Energy will be saved if the EF-4 motor is replaced with a 2-speed motor so it can operate at low speed except when cooking activities warrant full speed exhaust. In addition, change the exhaust air damper control from modulating in sequence with the outside air damper to modulating the damper to maintain neutral building pressure. Scope Replace the EF-4 motor with a 2-speed motor and controller and change the exhaust air damper control so it modulates to maintain the building at neutral pressure. Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR $0 ($2,010) ($2,010) $41,700 $0 ($31,500) $10,200 0.8 EEM-16: Replace Gym Lights Purpose: Existing gym lighting utilizes 30 pendant-mounted metal halide lamps to support school- hour class activities and after-school sports and community events. Similar light levels could be achieved with multi-lamp T5 lighting. Energy will be saved if the 30 metal halide light fixtures were replaced with 6-bulb T5 units; however, the heat produced with the existing fixtures is beneficial toward heating the building. Scope: Replace metal halide lights with 6-bulb T5 units. Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR ($100) ($890) ($990) $28,000 ($1,600) ($14,000) $12,400 0.6 Wrangell High School 14 Energy Audit (December 2011) EEM-17: Replace Gym Roof Purpose: The high school gym utilizes a base layer of foam that was approximately 5” thick on the underside of the pavers. The 5” thickness would normally produce an insulation value of R-20 with the use of the expanded polystyrene foam; however, the IRMA roof system is de-rated by approximately 50% as outlined in the executive summary. This results in an overall roof insulation value of only R-10 for 11,796 square feet of roofing. The gym roofing should be replaced with a tapered roof system similar to that used in the school re-roofing project, but with an optimum insulation value of R-46. Scope: Replace the gym IRMA roof system with R-46 tapered roof system. The energy savings will not offset the cost of replacing the entire roof assembly. When the roof requires replacement, the new assembly should include R-46 insulation under the roof membrane. Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR $0 ($8,090) ($8,090) $314,300 $0 ($126,900) $187,400 0.4 Wrangell High School 15 Energy Audit (December 2011) Section 4 Description of Systems ENERGY SYSTEMS This section provides a general description of the building systems. Energy conservation opportunities are addressed in the Energy Efficiency Measure section of the report. Building Envelope R-value Component Description (inside to outside) Existing Optimal Exterior Walls 5/8” Gyp. bd, 2”x6” stud, R-19 batt, ½” plywood, siding R-20 R-26 Gym Walls 8” concrete block, 4” metal studs w/4” semi rigid batt, siding R-5 R-26 Gable Roof 24” o.c. trusses w/ R-38 batt, 5/8” gyp. bd. R-38 R-46 Flat Roof ¾” plywood sheathing, IRMA buildup (5” rigid foam, paver) R10 R-46 Floor Slab 4” Concrete slab-on-grade R-10 R-10 Foundation 8” concrete w/ 2” perimeter insulation board R-10 R-20 Windows Vinyl double pane windows R-1.5 R-5 Doors Steel & Aluminum doors w/ non-thermally broken frames R-1.5 R-5 Heating System The building is heated by two electric boilers as the primary heat source and two fuel oil boilers as backup heat sources that provide heat to nine air handling unit systems, fan coil units, and perimeter hydronic systems. The heating system has the following pumps:  P-1 & P-2 are boiler circulation pumps  EBHRP-1 is the heating loop return pump for electric boiler EB-1  EBHRP-2 is the heating loop return pump for electric boiler EB-2  P-6 is a domestic hot water heating pump  HWRP-1 is the domestic hot water recirculating pump  HWRP-2 is the domestic hot water recirculating pump for the gymnasium Wrangell High School 16 Energy Audit (December 2011) Ventilation Systems Area Fan System Description 1st Floor SF-1 13,800 cfm 10 HP constant volume air handling unit consisting of a mixing box, filter section, primary heating coil, supply fan, and return fan (RF-1) 2nd Floor SF-2 13,300 cfm 10 HP constant volume air handling unit consisting of a mixing box, filter section, primary heating coil, supply fan, and return fan (RF-4) Gymnasium SF-3 16,500 cfm 7.5 HP constant volume air handling unit consisting of a mixing box, filter section, primary heating coil, supply fan, and return fan (RF-3) Gym Lockers SF-4 7,000 cfm 5 HP constant volume air handling unit consisting of a mixing box, filter section, primary heating coil, supply fan, and return fan (RF-12) Commons SF-8 5,500 cfm 3 HP constant volume air handling unit consisting of a mixing box, filter section, primary heating coil, supply fan, and return fan (RF-10) Music SF-9 2,600 cfm 1.5 HP constant volume air handling unit consisting of a mixing box, filter section, primary heating coil, supply fan, and return fan (RF-9) First Floor RF-1 10,850 cfm 5 HP constant volume fan Art Room 129 Exhaust RF-2 1,050 cfm ½ HP constant volume fan Dust Room 130 Exhaust RF-3 960 cfm ½ HP constant volume fan 2nd Floor RF-4 8,100 cfm 3 HP constant volume fan Science Room 220 Exhaust RF-5 1,460 cfm ½ HP constant volume fan Science Room 222 Exhaust RF-6 1,250 cfm ½ HP constant volume fan Dark Room Exhaust RF-7 240 cfm 1/6 HP constant volume fan Music RF-9 2,600 cfm 1 HP constant volume fan Commons RF-10 4,400 cfm 1.5 HP constant volume fan Gymnasium RF-11 13,600 cfm 5 HP constant volume fan Gym Lockers RF-12 6,000 cfm 2 HP constant volume fan Toilet Exhaust EF-1 930 cfm ¼ HP constant volume exhaust air fan Art Room 129 Exhaust EF-2 250 cfm 1/40 constant volume exhaust air fan Paint Spray Booth Art Rm 129 EF-3 1,170 cfm ½ hp constant volume exhaust air fan Kitchen Hood Room 103 EF-4 1,625 cfm ½ hp constant volume exhaust air fan Store Room 221 Exhaust EF-5 750 cfm 1/3 HP constant volume exhaust air fan Fume Hood Room 221 EF-6 670 cfm ½ HP constant volume exhaust air fan Fume Hood Room 220 EF-7 1,100 cfm ½ HP constant volume exhaust air fan Mechanical Room 111 EF-8 1,000 cfm ¼ HP constant volume exhaust air fan Animal Cage Exhaust Rm 222 EF-9 100 cfm 1/50 HP constant volume exhaust air fan Commons EF-10 600 cfm 1/3 HP constant volume exhaust air fan Gymnasium EF-11 1,500 cfm ½ HP constant volume exhaust air fan Gym Lockers EF-12 1,060 cfm ½ HP constant volume exhaust air fan Wrangell High School 17 Energy Audit (December 2011) Domestic Hot Water System The domestic hot water heating system serving the high school consists of one 50-gallon State Select 4500-watt direct hot water heater that is not currently used, and one Amtrol 80-gallon indirect hot water heater. The gym and pool locker rooms are served by four JASS 120-gallon indirect hot water heaters. Automatic Control System The building has a DDC system to control the operation of the heating and ventilation systems. Energy can be saved through further optimization of fan system scheduling combined with a retro- commissioning of the air handler systems. Lighting Interior lighting consists primarily of T12 fluorescent fixtures throughout the school and metal halide pendant fixtures in the gymnasium. Exterior lighting consists primarily of high pressure sodium lighting. Because the additional heat produced by the T12 fluorescent fixtures is beneficial toward heating the building, the current maintenance plan of replacing the T12 fixtures with more efficient T8 fixtures only as the ballasts fail is a responsible approach to phasing in the newer and more efficient T8 fixtures. Electric Equipment Equipment for commercial food preparation is located in the kitchen. Wrangell High School 18 Energy Audit (December 2011) Section 5 Methodology Information for the energy audit was gathered through on-site observations, review of construction documents, and interviews with operation and maintenance personnel. The EEMs are evaluated using energy and life cycle cost analyses and are priority ranked for implementation. Energy Efficiency Measures Energy efficiency measures are identified by evaluating the building’s energy systems and comparing them to systems in modern, high performance buildings. The process for identifying the EEMs acknowledges the realities of an existing building that was constructed when energy costs were much lower. Many of the opportunities used in modern high performance buildings—highly insulated envelopes, variable capacity mechanical systems, heat pumps, daylighting, lighting controls, etc.— simply cannot be economically incorporated into an existing building. The EEMs represent practical measures to improve the energy efficiency of the buildings, taking into account the realities of limited budgets. If a future major renovation project occurs, additional EEMs common to high performance buildings should be incorporated. Life Cycle Cost Analysis The EEMs are evaluated using life cycle cost analysis which determines if an energy efficiency investment will provide a savings over a 25-year life. The analysis incorporates construction, replacement, maintenance, repair, and energy costs to determine the total cost over the life of the EEM. Future maintenance and energy cash flows are discounted to present worth using escalation factors for general inflation, energy inflation, and the value of money. The methodology is based on the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Handbook 135 – Life Cycle Cost Analysis. Life cycle cost analysis is preferred to simple payback for facilities that have long—often perpetual— service lives. Simple payback, which compares construction cost and present energy cost, is reasonable for short time periods of 2-4 years, but yields below optimal results over longer periods because it does not properly account for the time value of money or inflationary effects on operating budgets. Accounting for energy inflation and the time value of money properly sums the true cost of facility ownership and seeks to minimize the life cycle cost. Construction Costs The cost estimates are derived based on a preliminary understanding of the scope of each EEM as gathered during the walk-through audit. The construction costs for in-house labor are $60 per hour for work typically performed by maintenance staff and $110 per hour for contract labor. The cost estimate assumes the work will be performed as part of a larger renovation or energy efficiency upgrade project. When implementing EEMs, the cost estimate should be revisited once the scope and preferred method of performing the work has been determined. It is possible some EEMs will not provide a life cycle savings when the scope is finalized. Wrangell High School 19 Energy Audit (December 2011) Maintenance Costs Maintenance costs are based on in-house or contract labor using historical maintenance efforts and industry standards. Maintenance costs over the 25-year life of each EEM are included in the life cycle cost calculation spreadsheets and represent the level of effort to maintain the systems. Energy Analysis The energy performance of an EEM is evaluated within the operating parameters of the building. A comprehensive energy audit would rely on a computer model of the building to integrate building energy systems and evaluate the energy savings of each EEM. This investment grade audit does not utilize a computer model, so energy savings are calculated with factors that account for the dynamic operation of the building. Energy savings and costs are estimated for the 25-year life of the EEM using appropriate factors for energy inflation. Prioritization Each EEM is prioritized based on the life cycle savings to investment ratio (SIR) using the following formula: Prioritization Factor = Life Cycle Savings / Capital Costs This approach factor puts significant weight on the capital cost of an EEM, making lower cost EEMs more favorable. Economic Factors The following economic factors are significant to the findings. Nominal Interest Rate: This is the nominal rate of return on an investment without regard to inflation. The analysis uses a rate of 5%. Inflation Rate: This is the average inflationary change in prices over time. The analysis uses an inflation rate of 2%. Economic Period: The analysis is based on a 25-year economic period with construction beginning in 2010. Fuel Oil Fuel oil currently costs $3.70 per gallon for a seasonally adjusted blend of #1 and #2 fuel oil. The analysis is based on 6% fuel oil inflation which has been the average for the past 20-years. Electricity Electricity is supplied by Wrangell Municipal Light & Power. The building is billed for electricity under their Large Commercial rate. Electric rates have been stable in Wrangell with inflation less than 1%. This trend will continue as long as surplus power from Tyee Lake is available. Large Power Interruptible Electricity ($ / kWh ) Block Rate 1st Block 70,000 $0.107 2nd Block $0.103 Customer Charge $13.50 Wrangell High School 20 Energy Audit (December 2011) Summary The following table summarizes the energy and economic factors used in the analysis. Summary of Economic and Energy Factors Factor Rate or Cost Factor Rate or Cost Nominal Discount Rate 5% Electricity $0.114/kWh General Inflation Rate 2% Electricity Inflation 1% Fuel Oil Cost (2012) $3.70/gal Fuel Oil Inflation 6% Wrangell High School 21 Energy Audit (December 2011) Appendix A Energy and Life Cycle Cost Analysis Wrangell High School 22 Energy Audit (December 2011) Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Energy and Life Cycle Cost Analysis 25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907.789.1226 Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us Building Name Basis Economic Study Period (years) 25 Nominal Discount Rate 5%General Inflation 2% Energy 2011 $/gal Fuel Inflation 2012 $/gal Fuel Oil $3.70 6% $3.92 Electricity $/kWh (2011)$/kW (2011)Inflation $/kWh (2012)$/kW (2012) w/ Demand Charges $0.107 $0.00 1% $0.108 $0.00 w/o Demand Charges $0.107 -1% $0.108 - EEM-6: Isolate Standby Boiler Energy Analysis Boiler Input MBH Loss %Loss MBH Hours, exist Hours, new kBtu η boiler kWh B-1 3,988 0.50% 20 8,760 0 -174,679 95% -53,890 Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost Construction Costs Shutdown and isolate fuel oil boiler 0 1 ea $500 $500 Annual Costs Switchover standby boiler 1 - 25 4 ea $60.00 $4,086 Energy Costs Electric Energy 1 - 25 -53,890 kWh $0.108 ($91,363) Net Present Worth ($86,800) EEM-7: Optimize SF-3 (Gym) HVAC System Energy Analysis Fan Case CFM ΔP η, fan BHP η, motor kW Hours kWh SF-3 Existing -16,500 1.625 55%-8 91%-6 2,700 -16,977 Optimized 10,000 1.25 55%4 91%3 2,700 7,915 RF-11 Existing -13,600 1.00 55%-4 90%-3 2,700 -8,755 Optimized 9,500 0.75 55%2 90%2 2,700 4,587 -5 -13,231 Ventilation SA CFM MAT T,room MBH Hours kBtu η boiler kWh SF-3 Existing -16,500 60 68 -143 2,700 -384,912 95% -118,749 Optimized 10,000 65 68 32 2,700 87,480 95%26,988 -297,432 -91,760 Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost Construction Costs Modify CO2, SAT, and EAD controls 0 1 ea $7,500 $7,500 Install VFD 0 2 LS $7,500 $15,000 Commissioning 0 1 LS $1,000 $1,000 Estimating contingency 0 15%$3,525 Overhead & profit 0 30%$8,108 Design fees 0 10%$3,513 Project management 0 8%$3,092 Energy Costs Electric Energy 1 - 25 -104,991 kWh $0.108 ($177,998) Net Present Worth ($136,300) Wrangell High School 23 Energy Audit (December 2011) Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Energy and Life Cycle Cost Analysis 25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907.789.1226 Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us Building Name EEM-8: Replace Aerators Energy Analysis Fixture Existing Proposed Uses/day Days Water,Gals % HW kBTU kWh Showerhead 20.0 10.0 10 60 -6,000 80% -3,203 -939 Lavatories 0.3 0.2 330 180 -10,692 80% -5,707 -1,673 -16,692 -2,611 Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost Construction Costs Replace lavatory aerators 0 20 ea $35 $700 Replace showerhead 0 24 ea $35 $840 Energy Costs Electric Energy (Effective Cost)1 - 25 -2,611 kWh $0.108 ($4,427) Net Present Worth ($2,900) EEM-9: Optimize SF-2 HVAC System Energy Analysis Fan Case CFM ΔP η, fan BHP η, motor kW Hours kWh RF-4 Existing -8,100 1.00 55%-2 88%-2 1,620 -3,200 Optimized 9,000 1.10 55%3 88%2 1,620 3,911 711 Ventilation SA CFM MAT T,room MBH Hours kBtu η boiler kWh SF-2 Existing -13,300 63.5 70 -93 1,620 -151,253 95% -46,663 Optimized 13,000 65 70 70 1,620 113,724 95%35,085 -37,529 -11,578 Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost Construction Costs Modify SF-2 controls 0 1 LS $4,000 $4,000 Rebalance RF-4 0 1 LS $1,000 $1,000 Commissioning 0 1 LS $1,000 $1,000 Estimating contingency 0 15%$900 Overhead & profit 0 30%$2,070 Design fees 0 10%$897 Project management 0 8%$789 Energy Costs Electric Energy 1 - 25 -10,867 kWh $0.108 ($18,423) Net Present Worth ($7,800) Gallons per Use Wrangell High School 24 Energy Audit (December 2011) Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Energy and Life Cycle Cost Analysis 25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907.789.1226 Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us Building Name EEM-10: Upgrade Motors to Premium Efficiency Energy Analysis Equip Number HP ηold ηnew kW Hours kWh RF-9 1 1 84.0% 85.5% -0.01 1,620 -18 RF-10 1 1.5 84.0% 86.5% -0.03 1,620 -45 RF-12 1 2 84.0% 86.5% -0.04 2,920 -109 AC-1 1 2 71.0% 86.5% -0.23 2,920 -675 SF-8 1 3 85.5% 89.5% -0.09 1,620 -145 RF-4 1 3 86.0% 89.5% -0.08 1,620 -127 RF-11 1 5 86.5% 89.5% -0.11 1,620 -181 SF-4 1 5 86.5% 89.5% -0.11 1,620 -181 RF-1 1 5 87.0% 89.5% -0.09 1,620 -151 SF-3 1 7.5 88.5% 91.0% -0.14 1,620 -227 SF-1 1 10 85.5% 91.7% -0.46 1,620 -749 P-1/P-2 2 10 82.0% 91.7% -1.45 8,760 -12,678 -2.8 -15,287 Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost Construction Costs HP Replace motor 1 0 1 LS 940 $940 Replace motor 1.5 0 1 LS 955 $955 Replace motor 2 0 2 LS 970 $1,940 Replace motor 3 0 2 LS 1,080 $2,160 Replace motor 5 0 3 LS 1,290 $3,870 Replace motor 7.5 0 1 LS 1,690 $1,690 Replace motor 10 0 3 LS 1,790 $5,370 Energy Costs Electric Energy 1 - 25 -15,287 kWh $0.108 ($25,917) Net Present Worth ($9,000) EEM-11: Optimize SF-9 (Music) HVAC System Energy Analysis Ventilation SA CFM MAT T,room MBH Hours kBtu η boiler kWh SF-9 Existing -2,600 60 70 -28 1,620 -45,490 95% -14,034 Optimized 2,600 65 70 14 1,620 22,745 95%7,017 -22,745 -7,017 Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost Construction Costs Modify SF-2 controls, Add CO2 control 0 1 LS $4,000 $4,000 Commissioning 0 1 LS $600 $600 Estimating contingency 0 15%$690 Overhead & profit 0 30%$1,587 Design fees 0 10%$688 Project management 0 8%$605 Energy Costs Electric Energy 1 - 25 -7,017 kWh $0.108 ($11,896) Net Present Worth ($3,700) Wrangell High School 25 Energy Audit (December 2011) Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Energy and Life Cycle Cost Analysis 25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907.789.1226 Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us Building Name EEM-12: Increase Gym Wall Insulation Energy Analysis Component Area R,exist R,new ΔT MBH kBtu η boiler kWh Wall 6,448 5 26 30 -31.2 -273,732 95% -84,449 Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost Construction Costs Install wall insulation 0 6,448 sqft $9 $58,032 Estimating contingency 0 15%$8,705 Overhead & profit 0 30% $20,021 Design fees 0 10%$8,676 Project management 0 8%$7,635 Energy Costs Electric Energy 1 - 25 -84,449 kWh $0.108 ($143,172) Net Present Worth ($40,100) EEM-13: Optimize SF-1 (1st Floor Classrooms) HVAC System Energy Analysis Fan Case CFM ΔP η, fan BHP η, motor kW Hours kWh RF-1 Existing -10,850 1.00 55%-3 90%-3 1,620 -4,191 Optimized 12,975 1.25 55%5 90%4 1,620 6,265 EF-4 Existing -1,625 0.63 50% -0.3 80%0 1,620 -483 Optimized 825 0.63 50%0 80%0 1,620 245 1,836 Ventilation SA CFM MAT T,room MBH Hours kBtu η boiler kWh SF-1 Existing -13,800 63.4 70 -98 1,620 -159,261 95% -49,134 Optimized 13,800 65 70 75 1,620 120,722 95%37,244 -38,539 -11,890 Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost Construction Costs Modify SF-1 controls 0 1 LS $4,000 $4,000 Install 2-spoeed motor on EF-4 0 1 LS $2,500 $2,500 Commissioning 0 1 LS $1,000 $1,000 Estimating contingency 0 15%$1,125 Overhead & profit 0 30%$2,588 Design fees 0 10%$1,121 Project management 0 8%$987 Energy Costs Electric Energy 1 - 25 -10,054 kWh $0.108 ($17,044) Net Present Worth ($3,700) Wrangell High School 26 Energy Audit (December 2011) Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Energy and Life Cycle Cost Analysis 25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907.789.1226 Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us Building Name EEM-14: Upgrade Exterior Lighting to LED Energy Analysis Type # Fixtures Lamp Lamp, watts Fixture Watts Lamp Lamp, watts Fixture Watts Savings, kWh WallPak 46 HPS 70 95 LED -40 -11,081 WallPak 2 HPS 100 128 LED -60 -596 Cobra Head 13 HPS 250 295 LED -106 -10,762 -22,439 Lamp Replacement Type # Fixtures Lamp # Lamps Life, hrs Lamps//yr $ / lamp $ / Replace WallPak 46 HPS -1 24,000 -8.40 $42 $15 WallPak 2 HPS -1 24,000 -0.37 $32 $15 Cobra Head 13 HPS -1 24,000 -2.37 $50 $60 WallPak 46 LED 1 60,000 3.36 $125 $15 WallPak 2 LED 1 60,000 0.15 $190 $15 Cobra Head 13 LED 1 60,000 0.95 $200 $60 Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost Construction Costs Replace WallPak: 70 watt HPS with LED 0 46 LS $525 $24,150 Replace WallPak: 100 watt HPS with LED 0 2 LS $525 $1,050 Replace Cobra Head: 250 watt HPS with LED 0 13 LS $900 $11,700 Annual Costs Existing lamp replacement, 70 watt HPS 1 - 25 -8.40 lamps $57.00 ($8,148) Existing lamp replacement, 100 watt HPS 1 - 25 -0.37 lamps $47.00 ($292) Existing lamp replacement, 250 watt HPS 1 - 25 -2.37 lamps $110.00 ($4,444) LED board replacement, 40 watts 1 - 25 3.36 LED board $140.00 $8,005 LED board replacement, 60 watts 1 - 25 0.15 LED board $205.00 $510 LED board replacement, 106 watts 1 - 25 0.95 LED board $260.00 $4,201 Energy Costs Electric Energy 1 - 25 -22,439 kWh $0.108 ($38,042) Net Present Worth ($1,300) Existing Replacement Wrangell High School 27 Energy Audit (December 2011) Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Energy and Life Cycle Cost Analysis 25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907.789.1226 Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us Building Name EEM-15: Optimize SF-8 (Commons) System Energy Analysis Fan Case CFM ΔP η, fan BHP η, motor kW Hours kWh SF-8 Existing -5,500 1.50 55%-2 88%-2 1,620 -3,260 Optimized 3,500 1.25 55%1 88%1 1,620 1,729 RF-10 Existing -4,400 1.00 55%-1 90%-1 1,620 -1,700 Optimized 9,500 0.75 55%2 90%2 1,620 2,752 0 -478 Ventilation SA CFM MAT T,room MBH Hours kBtu η boiler kWh SF-8 Existing -5,500 60 68 -48 1,620 -76,982 95% -23,750 Optimized 3,500 65 68 11 1,620 18,371 95%5,668 -58,612 -18,082 Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost Construction Costs Modify CO2, SAT, and EAD controls 0 1 ea $7,500 $7,500 Install VFD 0 2 LS $7,500 $15,000 Commissioning 0 1 LS $1,000 $1,000 Estimating contingency 0 15%$3,525 Overhead & profit 0 30%$8,108 Design fees 0 10%$3,513 Project management 0 8%$3,092 Energy Costs Electric Energy 1 - 25 -18,561 kWh $0.108 ($31,467) Net Present Worth $10,300 EEM-16: Replace Gym Lights Energy Analysis Lamp Lamp, watts Fixture Watts Lamp Lamp, watts Fixture Watts kW Hours kWh MH 400 460 T5 310 357 -3.1 2,664 -8,272 Lamp Replacement # Fixtures Lamp # Lamps Life, hrs Replace/yr $/lamp replace 30 MH -1 20,000 -4.00 $30 30 T5 6 30,000 2.66 $24 Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost Construction Costs Replace 400 watt MH with T5 Fluorescent 0 30 LS $525 $15,750 Estimating contingency 0 15%$2,363 Overhead & profit 0 30%$5,434 Design fees 0 10%$2,355 Project management 0 8%$2,072 Annual Costs Existing lamp replacement, 400 watt MH 1 - 25 -4.00 replacements $60.00 ($4,082) New lamp replacement, T5 1 - 25 2.66 replacements $54.00 $2,449 Energy Costs Electric Energy 1 - 25 -8,272 kWh $0.108 ($14,024) Net Present Worth $12,300 Fixtures 30 Existing Replacement Savings Wrangell High School 28 Energy Audit (December 2011) Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Energy and Life Cycle Cost Analysis 25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907.789.1226 Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us Building Name EEM-17: Replace Gym Roof Energy Analysis Component Area R,exist R,new ΔT MBH kBtu η boiler kWh Roof 11,796 10 46 30 -27.7 -242,608 95% -74,847 Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost Construction Costs Replace roof insulation 0 11,796 sqft $15 $176,940 Estimating contingency 0 15% $26,541 Overhead & profit 0 30% $61,044 Design fees 0 10% $26,453 Project management 0 8% $23,278 Energy Costs Electric Energy 1 - 25 -74,847 kWh $0.108 ($126,893) Net Present Worth $187,400 Wrangell High School 29 Energy Audit (December 2011) Appendix B Energy and Utility Data Wrangell High School 30 Energy Audit (December 2011) Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Billing Data 25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907-789-1226 Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us Wrangell High School ELECTRIC RATE Electricity ($ / kWh )Block Rate 1st Block 70,000 $0.107 2nd Block $0.103 Customer Charge $13.50 ELECTRICAL CONSUMPTION AND DEMAND 2007 2008 2009 2010 kWh kWh kWh kWh Jan 46,704 39,840 38,360 35,640 40,136 Feb 39,480 37,150 34,320 35,040 36,498 Mar 37,200 36,410 33,720 34,440 35,443 Apr 39,000 35,520 33,600 32,640 35,190 May 37,560 27,120 29,040 28,920 30,660 Jun 20,040 18,600 15,360 13,800 16,950 Jul 18,720 18,120 15,240 15,840 16,980 Aug 16,680 24,960 21,840 22,800 21,570 Sep 33,480 34,860 32,040 32,310 33,173 Oct 42,360 36,720 36,480 34,640 37,550 Nov 37,350 32,400 35,640 33,240 34,658 Dec 38,010 36,520 33,480 34,440 35,613 Total 406,584 378,220 359,120 353,750 374,419 Average 33,882 31,518 29,927 29,479 31,202 ELECTRIC BILLING DETAILS Month Energy Total Energy Total % Change Jan $4,105 $4,118 $4,295 $4,308 4.6% Feb $3,672 $3,686 $3,905 $3,919 6.3% Mar $3,608 $3,622 $3,792 $3,806 5.1% Apr $3,595 $3,609 $3,765 $3,779 4.7% May $3,107 $3,121 $3,281 $3,294 5.6% Jun $1,644 $1,657 $1,814 $1,827 10.3% Jul $1,631 $1,644 $1,817 $1,830 11.3% Aug $2,337 $2,350 $2,308 $2,321 -1.2% Sep $3,428 $3,442 $3,549 $3,563 3.5% Oct $3,903 $3,917 $4,018 $4,031 2.9% Nov $3,813 $3,827 $3,708 $3,722 -2.7% Dec $3,582 $3,596 $3,811 $3,824 6.3% Total $ 38,426 $ 38,588 $ 40,063 $ 40,225 4.2% Average $ 3,202 $ 3,216 $ 3,339 $ 3,352 4.2% Cost ($/kWh) $0.107 $0.114 5.8% 2009 2010 Electrical costs are based on the current electric rates. Large Power Interruptible Month Average Wrangell High School 31 Energy Audit (December 2011) Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Annual Electric Consumption 25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907-789-1226 Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us Wrangell High School 0 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 30,000 35,000 40,000 45,000 50,000 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov DecElectric Use (kWh)Month of the Year Electric Use History 2007 2008 2009 2010 $ 0 $ 500 $ 1,000 $ 1,500 $ 2,000 $ 2,500 $ 3,000 $ 3,500 $ 4,000 $ 4,500 $ 5,000 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov DecElectric Cost (USD)Month of the Year Electric Cost Breakdown 2010 Wrangell High School 32 Energy Audit (December 2011) Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Annual Fuel Oil Consumption 25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907-789-1226 Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us Wrangell High School #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! Year Fuel Oil 2,007 21,974 2,008 24,452 2,009 25,355 2,010 24,249 0 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000 8,000 9,000 0 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 30,000 2007 2008 2009 2010 Degree DaysGallons of Fuel OilYear Annual Fuel Oil Use Fuel Oil Degree Days Wrangell High School 33 Energy Audit (December 2011) Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Billing Data 25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907-789-1226 Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us Annual Energy Consumption and Cost Energy Cost $/MMBtu Area ECI EUI Fuel Oil $3.70 $38.16 58,096 $2.26 79 Electricity $0.114 $35.08 Source Cost Electricity 374,419 kWh $42,600 1,300 28% Fuel Oil 24,008 Gallons $88,800 3,300 72% Totals $131,400 4,600 100% Annual Energy Consumption and Cost Consumption Energy, MMBtu $33.00 $34.00 $35.00 $36.00 $37.00 $38.00 $39.00 Fuel Oil ElectricityCost $ / MMBtuCost of Heat Comparison Wrangell High School 34 Energy Audit (December 2011) Appendix C Equipment Data Wrangell High School 35 Energy Audit (December 2011) MotorUnit IDLocationFunction Make Model Capacity HP / Volts / RPM / Effic NotesB 1 Boiler Room Fuel Oil BoilerWeil McLain 16863350 MBTUB 2 Boiler Room Fuel Oil BoilerWeil McLain 16863350 MBTUEB 1 Boiler Room Electric BoilerPrecision PCW3-3600-480-160 1260 MBTU 480 V/ 360 KWEB 2 Boiler Room Electric BoilerPrecision PCW3-3600-480-160 1260 MBTU 480 V/ 360 KWP 1 Boiler Room Boiler Circulation PumpTACO F14007E5GAJIL0A10 HP/ 208 V/ 1770 RPM/ 82%P2 Boiler Room Boiler Circulation PumpTACO F14007E5GAJIL0A10 HP/ 208 V/ 1770 RPM/ 82%P 6 Boiler Room Domestic Hot Water Heating TACO 0010-F31/8 HP/ 115 VHWRP 1 Boiler Room Dom. Hot H2O Recirculation Pump TACO 113-B41/8 HP/ 115 V/ 1725 RPMHWRP 2 Mechanical Room 255 Dom. Hot H2O Recirculation PumpAC 1 Boiler Room Control Air Compression Quincy FFJ-3252 HP/ 208 V/ 1725 RPM/ 71%SF 1 Boiler Room First Floor VentPACE A30 AFS113800 cfm 10 HP/ 208 V/ 1750 RPM/ 85.5%SF 2 Mechanical Room 218 Second Floor VentPACE A30 AFS113300 cfm 10 HP/ 208 V/ 1750 RPM/ 85.5%SF 3 Mechanical Room 409 Gym 304 VentPACE A33 AFS116500 cfm 7.5 HP/ 208V/ 1750 RPM/ 88.5%SF 4 Mechanical Room 255 Gym Locker VentPACE U-30 AF7000 cfm 5 HP/ 208 V/ 1745 RPM/ 86.5%SF 8 Mechanical Room 409 Commons Area VentPACE A 18 AFS1 5500 cfm 3 HP/ 208 V/ 1750 RPM/ 85.5%SF 9 Mechanical Room 406 Music Area VentPACE U18B2600 cfm 1.5 HP/ 208 V/ 1745 RPM/ 86%RF 1 Boiler Room First Floor VentPACE B-18 AFS1 10850 cfm 5 HP/ 208 V/ 1750 RPM/ 87%RF 2 Fan Room 238 Art Room 129PACE U-11 FC1050 cfm 1/2 HP/ 115 V/1725 RPM/62%RF 3 Fan Room 238 Dust Room 130PACE U-12B11150 cfm 1/2 HP/ 115 V/1725 RPM/62%RF 4 Mechanical Room 213 Second FloorPACE B-18AFS18100 cfm 3 HP/ 208 V/ 1750 RPM/ 86%RF 5 Fan Room 238 Science Room 220 Exhaust PACE U-13FC1460 cfm 1/2 HP/ 115 V/1725 RPM/62%Wrangell High School - Major Equipment InventoryWrangell High School 36 Energy Audit (December 2011) MotorUnit IDLocationFunction Make Model Capacity HP / Volts / RPM / Effic NotesWrangell High School - Major Equipment InventoryRF 6 Fan Room 238 Science Room 222 Exhaust PACE U-12FC1250 cfm 1/2 HP/ 115 V/1725 RPM/62%RF 7 Fan Room 238 Dark Room ExhaustPACE U-6FC240 cfm 1/6 HP/ 115 VRF 9 Mechanical Room 406 Music Room ExhaustPACE U-18B2600 cfm 1 HP/ 208 V/ 1745 RPM/ 84%RF 10 Mechanical Room 409 Commons ExhaustPACE U-22AF4400 cfm 1.5 HP/ 208 V/ 1750 RPM/ 84%RF 11 Mechanical Room 409 Gym 304 ExhaustPACE 40 SWSI AF 13600 cfm 5 HP/ 208 V/ 1745 RPM/ 86.5%RF 12 Mechanical Room 255 Gym Locker Room Exhaust PACE A-20 AFSI 5000 cfm 2 HP/ 208 V/ 1745 RPM/ 84%EF 1 Fan Room 238 ToiletsPACE U12-B1930 cfm 1/4 HP/ 115 V/ 1725 RPM/47%EF 2 Kiln Room 131 Kiln Room 131Jenn Air B1-CW250 cfm 1/40 HP/ 115 VEF 3 RoofPaint Spray BoothGreenheck Cube 10-31170 cfm 1/2 HP/ 115 V/1725 RPM/62%EF 4 RoofKitchen Hood 103Greenheck Cube 14-51625 cfm 1/2 HP/ 115 V/1725 RPM/62%EF 5 Fan Room 238 Storage Room 221PACE U-9FC750 cfm 1/3 HP/ 115 V/1725 RPM/60%EF 6 Fan Room 238 Fume Hood Storage 221PACE U-9FC670 cfm 1/2 HP/ 115 V/ 1750 RPMEF 7 Fan Room 238 Fume Hood Science 220PACE U-11FC1100 cfm 1/2 HP/ 115 V/ 1750 RPMEF 8 Boiler Room Boiler RoomPACE U-11 FC1000 cfm 1/4 HP/ 115 V/47%EF 9 Science 222 Animal Cages Science 222 PACE DD150 T-V 100 cfm 1/50 HP/ 115 VEF 10 Mechanical Room 409 Commons Toilet Exhaust PACE U-13F600 cfm 1/2 HP/ 115 V/1725 RPM/62%DHWT 1 Boiler Room Domestic Hot WaterState Select E5652DDRT 50 gallon 4500 Watts / 240 V/ 90% Not in serviceDHWT 2 Boiler Room Domestic Hot WaterAmtrol WH580ZCDW 80 gallon indirect water heaterDHWT 3Domestic Hot WaterJass 120 DW120 gallon indirect water heaterDHWT 4Domestic Hot WaterJass 121 DW121 gallon indirect water heaterDHWT 5Domestic Hot WaterJass 122 DW122 gallon indirect water heater Wrangell High School 37 Energy Audit (December 2011) MotorUnit IDLocationFunction Make Model Capacity HP / Volts / RPM / Effic NotesWrangell High School - Major Equipment InventoryDHWT 6Domestic Hot WaterJass 123 DW123 gallon indirect water heaterEF 11 Mechanical Room 410 Gym Storage 412PACE U-13F1500 cfm 1/2 HP/ 115 V/1725 RPM/62%EF 12 Mechanical Room 255 Gym LockerPACE SCF-85AMI 1060 cfm 1/2 HP/ 115 V/1725 RPM/62%EB 1 HRPBoiler Room Heating Return PumpTACO 24-00-701/2 HP/ 115 V/ 3450 RPM/62%EB 2 Boiler Room Heating Return PumpTACO 24-00-701/2 HP/ 115 V/ 3450 RPM/62%KitchenRefrigeratorHobant Q1115 V/ 7.3 AKitchenFreezerHobant QF1115 V/ 12 AKitchenStoveno dataKitchenDishwasherJacksonKitchenOvenVolcan VC4ED1205 KWKitchenRefrigeratorTRUE T-231/3 HP compressorWrangell High School 38 Energy Audit (December 2011) Appendix D Abbreviations AHU Air handling unit BTU British thermal unit BTUH BTU per hour CBJ City and Borough of Juneau CMU Concrete masonry unit CO2 Carbon dioxide CUH Cabinet unit heater DDC Direct digital controls DHW Domestic hot water EAD Exhaust air damper EEM Energy efficiency measure EF Exhaust fan Gyp Bd Gypsum board HVAC Heating, Ventilating, Air- conditioning HW Hot water HWRP Hot water recirculating pump KVA Kilovolt-amps kW Kilowatt kWh Kilowatt-hour LED Light emitting diode MBH 1,000 Btu per hour MMBH 1,000,000 Btu per hour OAD Outside air damper PSI Per square inch PSIG Per square inch gage RAD Return air damper RF Return fan SIR Savings to investment ratio SF Supply fan UV Unit ventilator VAV Variable air volume VFD Variable frequency drive Wrangell High School 39 Energy Audit (December 2011)