HomeMy WebLinkAboutSEA-AEE-Yakutat Junior and High School 2012-EE
Yakutat Junior and High School
Yakutat School District
Funded by:
Final Report
January 2012
Prepared by:
Energy Audit
Table of Contents
Section 1: Executive Summary 2
Section 2: Introduction 6
Section 3: Energy Efficiency Measures 8
Section 4: Description of Systems 12
Section 5: Methodology 15
Appendix A: Energy and Life Cycle Cost Analysis 18
Appendix B: Utility and Energy Data 25
Appendix C: Equipment Data 31
Appendix D: Abbreviations 34
Audit Team
The energy audit is performed by Alaska Energy Engineering LLC of Juneau, Alaska. The audit team
consists of:
Jim Rehfeldt, P.E., Energy Engineer
Jack Christiansen, Energy Consultant
Brad Campbell, Energy Auditor
Loras O’Toole P.E., Mechanical Engineer
Will Van Dyken P.E., Electrical Engineer
Curt Smit, P.E., Mechanical Engineer
Philip Iverson, Construction Estimator
Karla Hart, Technical Publications Specialist
Jill Carlile, Data Analyst
Grayson Carlile, Energy Modeler
Yakutat Junior and High School 1 Energy Audit (January 2012)
Section 1
Executive Summary
An energy audit of the Yakutat Junior and High School was performed by Alaska Energy Engineering
LLC. The investment grade audit was funded by Alaska Housing Finance Corporation (AHFC) to
identify opportunities to improve the energy performance of public buildings throughout Alaska.
The Yakutat Junior and High School facility is a 29,853 square foot building that contains commons,
classrooms, offices, a music room and auditorium, a gym, a weight room, a racquet ball court, a
welding shop, a library, storage, and mechanical support spaces.
Building Assessment
The following summarizes our assessment of the building.
Envelope
With the exception of the majority of the windows and doors, the building envelope of the Yakutat
Junior and High School is in good condition. The wood framed windows are past their useful life and
need to be replaced. Three wood frame window units have failed and do not close. Multiple windows
have been damaged and still need to be repaired. Repairs to other windows have used single pane
glazing instead of the more efficient double pane glazing that was originally installed. The original
double pane glass in the main entrance doors on the west side of the building was damaged and has
been replaced with single pane plexiglass that has air gaps along the top edge. These items are
discussed in further detail in Section 3, Energy Efficiency Measures.
Exterior doors are not thermally broken. Future exterior door replacement selection should include
this feature. Weather stripping is in poor condition and should be replaced.
The roof insulation package and membrane was replaced in 1997. Unfortunately this upgrade
incorporated only a 5 inch foam insulation layer over the new roof, resulting in a roof with an R-25
insulation value. This is far below the recommended optimum level of R-66 for the Yakutat climate.
Future roof replacements should target this optimum level.
There is no arctic entry in the north entrance to the school. This feature should be included on all
buildings in this climate as it significantly reduces the amount of outside air infiltration.
Heating System
Waste heat delivered from the power plant across the street supplies hydronic heat to the building. A
plate heat exchanger isolates the school from the power plant. The secondary side of the heat
exchanger provides heat to seven individual air handling unit systems, terminal units, and perimeter
hydronic systems located throughout the building. The power plant heating water was 167°F entering
the heat exchanger and 147°F leaving at the time of the inspection. Maintenance staff report that
supply temperatures can often be much lower, making it difficult to maintain building temperature
and domestic hot water supply temperature.
Yakutat Junior and High School 2 Energy Audit (January 2012)
Audit staff inspected the heat exchanger and pumping system at the power plant and noted that
several improvements could be made to the heating supply system on the power plant side to increase
the amount of heat available to the school while decreasing the amount of electricity to deliver it. The
heat exchanger is in an open, uninsulated space and as a result there is a significant amount of
ambient heat loss at the heat exchanger. During the inspection, air temperatures were in the single
digits in the heat exchanger space. The pumping and piping system for the secondary side of the heat
exchanger does not appear to be properly sized based on system pressure and pump selection.
Although the power plant heating loop design is outside of the scope of this audit, the potential
energy savings in both heat and electricity justifies an in-depth review of this system for optimization.
Maintenance staff reported that the heat exchanger is leaking when supply temperature drops below
160°F. During these times the school heating loop is losing water while the power plant heating loop
is ‘making water’. It is not uncommon for a heat exchanger to leak water between the primary and
secondary sides if gaskets are in need of repair/replacement and it is possible that water is being lost
from the school side to the power plant side through the heat exchanger. Compounding this problem
is the fact that the heating system expansion tank is isolated and not in use. Because the temperature
of the school heating system fluctuates so much, loop pressures on a fully charged system will also
fluctuate. An example of this would be if the school heating loop were filled and vented when the
temperature was only 120°F, once the building heating loop temperature was returned to 165°F there
would be no room for thermal expansion without an expansion tank. This can result in discharging the
pressure relief valves, and/or the heat exchanger leaking from the secondary side to the primary side.
This leakage would occur from secondary to primary side because the secondary reliefs lift at 50 psi
and the primary side is only operated at 30 psi. We strongly recommend that the expansion tank be
placed back in service and the heat exchanger gaskets inspected for damage.
Ventilation System
The ventilation systems were designed to develop a positive pressure within the building envelope,
however many of the AHU’s have failed, which has reduced outside air flow to the building to the
point that it is no longer making up the continuous exhaust rates in the building. As a result, the
building is under negative pressure — exhaust air flow must be made up through the doors, windows,
and building envelope leaks. This make-up air is often cold and is not properly distributed based on
occupancy of the rooms. The ventilation systems are the preferred method of maintaining adequate
indoor air quality throughout the building. We recommend that the ventilation systems be returned to
service and properly controlled to efficiently supply ventilation air to the building.
One area of particular concern is the gym and locker rooms. The air handling unit that normally
supplies 8,830 cfm of conditioned air to the gym space is too noisy and problematic to be operated
(ASU-2). In addition, the exhaust fan that services the gym lockers and showers has failed (EF-2e).
Under normal operating conditions ASU-2 would supply the gym with air that would then be pulled
into the locker rooms to meet the demand of the locker room exhaust fan. The amount of air
exhausted from the building by the locker room exhaust fans would be made up through the outside
air damper of ASU-2, ensuring that a supply of fresh air is always available to both of these spaces.
With ASU-2 secured and the locker room exhaust fan broken, gym air quality is suspect and the air
quality of the locker rooms is poor. We recommend that the locker room exhaust fan be returned to
service as soon as possible to improve locker room air quality. Modifications to ASU-2 are outlined
in Section 3, Energy Efficiency Measure (EEM) 9.
The weight room and racquet ball room are served by AHU-4 and AHU-5 respectively. Both of these
air handling units have also failed and remain out of service, hence there is no longer a supply of
fresh air to these spaces; air quality in these spaces is poor.
Yakutat Junior and High School 3 Energy Audit (January 2012)
The fume hood sashes in the science room are routinely left open. This provides a direct path for cold
air to infiltrate the building. This is especially problematic because the building is kept at a negative
pressure due to the number of inoperable air handling units. Staff report that the fume hoods are only
used approximately 1 hour per day, 1day per week, every other year when chemistry class is held.
Fume hood exhaust paths can be secured with a simple inflatable air bladder when not in use, or an
automatic damper system can be added to the power switch.
Duct insulation is damaged in many of the spaces. Energy will be saved if this insulation is repaired.
Control System
Combinations of pneumatic and electric operators are installed to control the heating and ventilation
system components. Throughout the building most automatic control functions have failed, resulting
in an inability to properly control the space heating and ventilating equipment. Maintenance staff is
manually controlling the outside air dampers for each of the operable AHU’s. There is no automatic
control of AHU air flow, damper adjustment, heating coil water flow, or even thermostat control
within the spaces. Overheating in spaces is controlled by opening windows to maintain comfortable
room temperatures. Variable supply temperatures from the power plant further add to the difficulty of
controlling space heat without controlling any of the system inputs.
Lighting
Although some T-12 lighting remains in the mechanical spaces, metal shop, teachers’ lounge, and the
Superintendent’s office, the remaining interior lighting consists primarily of T8 fluorescent fixtures
and recessed compact fluorescents. Exterior lighting consists primarily of metal halide and mercury
vapor lighting. Exterior lighting is controlled manually with a timer by staff and operational hours are
kept to a minimum. We recommend that maintenance staff upgrade the remaining interior T-12
fixtures to more efficient T-8 units, and upgrade the exterior fixtures to more efficient LED units.
Summary
The school receives heat at a flat rate cost regardless of use. It is billed for electrical use, including the
pumping of the heated water, in a conventional manner. Infrastructure and operations were reviewed
from the perspective of reducing operational costs for the school and making additional heat available
to other potential users of the power plant waste heat system where possible. It is the assessment of
the energy audit team that the majority of the building energy losses are due to building envelope
issues and the need to operate the AHU and EF systems with timer clocks. The need to return some
systems to operation will increase energy consumption – such as the gym locker room exhaust fan—
however the issue of air quality is too important to continue the current mode of operations in these
spaces.
Yakutat Junior and High School 4 Energy Audit (January 2012)
Energy Efficiency Measures (EEMs)
All buildings have opportunities to improve their energy efficiency. The energy audit revealed
numerous opportunities in which an efficiency investment will result in a net reduction in long-term
operating costs.
Behavioral and Operational EEMs
The following EEMs require behavioral and operational changes in the building use. The savings are
not readily quantifiable but these EEMs are highly recommended as low-cost opportunities that are a
standard of high performance buildings.
EEM-1: Weather-strip Doors
EEM-2: Add Interior Arctic Entry
EEM-3: Optimize Hydronic Heating System
Priority Ranked EEMs
The following EEMs are recommended for investment. They are ranked by life cycle savings to
investment ratio (SIR). Negative values, in parenthesis, represent savings.
25-Year Life Cycle Cost Analysis
Investment Operating Energy Total SIR
EEM-4: Install Pipe Insulation $1,300 $0 ($50,400) ($49,100) 38.8
EEM-5: Insulate Expansion Tank $500 $0 ($9,200) ($8,700) 18.4
EEM-6: Upgrade Motors $5,800 $0 ($91,400) ($85,600) 15.8
EEM-7: Insulate Domestic Hot Water Tank $500 $0 ($6,800) ($6,300) 13.6
EEM-8: Upgrade Exterior Lighting $17,700 ($400) ($96,700) ($79,400) 5.5
EEM-9: Optimize All Ventilation Systems $154,500 $8,500 ($785,400) ($622,400) 5.0
EEM-10: Upgrade T12 Interior Lighting $9,500 ($6,000) ($39,100) ($35,600) 4.7
EEM-11: Replace Single Pane Door Glazing $4,800 $0 ($14,100) ($9,300) 2.9
EEM-12: Install Occupancy Sensors $17,800 ($600) ($38,300) ($21,100) 2.2
EEM-13: Replace Single Pane Windows $2,100 $0 ($3,900) ($1,800) 1.9
Totals* $214,500 $1,500 ($1,135,300) ($919,300) 5.3
*The analysis is based on each EEM being independent of the others. While it is likely that some
EEMs are interrelated, an isolated analysis is used to demonstrate the economics because the audit
team is not able to predict which EEMs an Owner may choose to implement. If several EEMs are
implemented, the resulting energy savings is likely to differ from the sum of each EEM projection.
Summary
The energy audit revealed numerous opportunities for improving the energy performance of the
building. We recommend that the behavioral and higher ranked EEMs be implemented now to
generate energy savings from which to fund the other EEMs.
Another avenue to consider is to borrow money from AHFCs revolving loan fund for public
buildings. AHFC will loan money for energy improvements under terms that allow for paying back
the money from the energy savings. More information on this option can be found online at
http://www.ahfc.us/loans/akeerlf_loan.cfm.
Yakutat Junior and High School 5 Energy Audit (January 2012)
Section 2
Introduction
This report presents the findings of an energy audit of the Yakutat Junior and High School located in
Yakutat, Alaska. The purpose of this investment grade energy audit is to evaluate the infrastructure
and its subsequent energy performance to identify applicable energy efficiency measures (EEMs).
The energy audit report contains the following sections:
Introduction: Building use and energy consumption.
Energy Efficiency Measures: Priority ranking of the EEMs with a description, energy
analysis, and life cycle cost analysis.
Description of Systems: Background description of the building energy systems.
Methodology: Basis for how construction and maintenance cost estimates are derived and the
economic and energy factors used for the analysis.
BUILDING USE
The Yakutat Junior and High School facility is a 29,853 square foot building that contains commons,
classrooms, offices, a music room and auditorium, a gym, a weight room, a racquet ball court, a
welding shop, a library, storage, and mechanical support spaces. The following summarizes our
assessment of the building.
The school is operated by 9 staff and attended by 53 students. The facility is occupied in the
following manner:
Classroom/Offices 9:00 am – 5:00 pm (M-F)
Auditorium 9:00 am – 5:00 (M-F) and open for special events
Gym 8:00 am – 9:00 pm (M-Sat)
Building History
1971 – Original Construction
1986 – Classroom Addition
1997 – Roof Replacement
Yakutat Junior and High School 6 Energy Audit (January 2012)
Energy Consumption
The building energy sources include an electric service and hydronic waste heat supplied from the
community power plant across the street. Power plant waste heat is used for the majority of the
heating loads and domestic hot water while electricity serves all other loads.
Electricity
The following charts show the electrical energy use for the school building and the waste heat system
from 2008 to 2011. The effective cost—energy costs plus demand charges—is 45.6¢ per kWh.
Waste Heat
The waste heat system is not metered so there is no trend data available on the heating load trends for
the school.
Yakutat Junior and High School 7 Energy Audit (January 2012)
Section 3
Energy Efficiency Measures
The following energy efficiency measures (EEMs) were identified during the energy audit. The
EEMs are priority ranked and, where applicable, subjected to energy and life cycle cost analysis.
Appendix A contains the energy and life cycle cost analysis spreadsheets.
BEHAVIORAL OR OPERATIONAL EEMS
The following EEMs are recommended for implementation. They require behavioral or operational
changes that can occur with minimal investment to achieve immediate savings. These EEMs are not
easily quantified by analysis because they cannot be accurately predicted. They are recommended
because they offer a life cycle savings, represent good practice, and are accepted features of high
performance buildings.
EEM-1: Weather-strip Doors
Purpose: Exterior steel doors do not seal and are missing weather stripping. Several doors have
gaps of more than ½ inch. Energy will be saved if doors are properly weather-stripped to
reduce infiltration.
Scope: Replace weather stripping on exterior doors.
EEM-2: Add Interior Arctic Entry
Purpose: A significant amount of energy is lost through the north entry to the school because the
design did not incorporate an arctic entry. The existing design lends itself well to the
addition of an interior arctic entry without compromising building aesthetics. Energy will
be saved if an arctic entry is constructed inside the doorway to provide a secondary set of
double doors.
Scope: Install an interior set of double doors to create an arctic entry for the main building
entrance by the woodshop
EEM-3: Optimize Hydronic Heating System
Purpose: The hydronic heating system that supplies heat from the power plant to the school is not
optimized. The heat exchanger is uninsulated and located in an open space, resulting in a
large ambient heat loss. The distribution piping from the power plant to the school is
undersized, requiring additional pumping energy. Energy will be saved if the hydronic
heating system is properly sized and optimized during the design of the new hating plant.
Scope: Enclose and insulate the space around the heat exchanger. Right-size the pumps and
distribution piping during design of the new heating plant.
Yakutat Junior and High School 8 Energy Audit (January 2012)
PRIORITY RANKED EEMS
The following EEMs are recommended for implementation from highest to lowest priority based on
savings to investment ratio. Negative values, in parenthesis, represent savings.
EEM-4: Install Pipe Insulation
Purpose: Several sections of heating pipe in the boiler room and penthouse mechanical space are
uninsulated. Energy will be saved if these sections of piping are optimally insulated.
Scope: Install pipe insulation on uninsulated heating piping in the boiler room.
Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs
Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR
$0 ($1,780) ($1,780) $1,300 $0 ($50,400) ($49,100) 38.8
EEM-5: Insulate Boiler System Expansion Tank
Purpose: The size of the hot water expansion tank provides a large surface area for heat loss. The
tank is currently isolated but must be put back in service for the heating system to operate
properly and to help prevent damage to system components. Energy will be saved if this
tank is insulated to reduce heat loss before being put into service.
Scope: Insulate the expansion tank.
Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs
Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR
$0 ($320) ($320) $500 $0 ($9,200) ($8,700) 18.4
EEM-6: Upgrade Motors to Premium Efficiency
Purpose: The equipment inspection identified five motors that can be upgraded with premium
efficiency models to save energy. They are:
- AHU-1 1-1/2 HP - ASU-1 5 HP
- EF-5 3 HP - EF-6 3 HP
- REF-1 2 HP
Scope: Replace identified motors with premium efficiency motors.
Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs
Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR
$0 ($3,230) ($3,230) $5,800 $0 ($91,400) ($85,600) 15.8
EEM-7: Insulate Domestic Hot Water Tank
Purpose: The domestic hot water expansion tank has a large surface area for heat loss. Energy will
be saved if this tank is insulated to reduce heat loss.
Scope: Insulate the domestic hot water tank.
Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs
Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR
$0 ($240) ($240) $500 $0 ($6,800) ($6,300) 13.6
Yakutat Junior and High School 9 Energy Audit (January 2012)
EEM-8: Upgrade Exterior Lighting
Purpose: The existing exterior lighting consists of mercury vapor and metal halide fixtures. These
fixture styles are less efficient than LED lighting and the lamp life is much shorter. These
lights are controlled with a timer and are operating about 12 hours per day during the
school year.
Scope: Replace these existing exterior lights with LED lights.
Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs
Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR
($20) ($3,410) ($3,430) $17,700 ($400) ($96,700) ($79,400) 5.5
EEM-9: Optimize All Ventilation Systems
Purpose: The building utilizes fixed-flow heating and ventilation system units to provide
conditioned air to interior spaces during the normal operational schedule, after school
hours for activities, and as needed on weekends. Under most conditions the space
occupancy throughout the majority of these operational hours is well below the setpoint
of the air handling systems. This results in an unnecessarily high fuel and electric demand
to support school operations. Energy will be saved if modifications are made to the
respective air handling systems to reduce air flow when not needed.
Scope: Perform the repairs listed below and, when completed, commission all air handling units
to perform as a properly integrated system.
- Exhaust fans EF-1e (teacher’s lounge and original bathrooms) and EF-1 (west
hallway bathrooms): The fans currently operate continuously. Install an occupancy
sensor with a timer to operate the fans when needed during school hours.
- Gym Locker Exhaust: Exhaust fan EF-2e is currently not operating, which is
affecting air quality in the locker rooms. Return the fan to service and place it on an
occupancy sensor with timer delay.
- Gym (ASU-2): The gym fan should be returned to service to properly ventilate the
gym and locker rooms. The system presently does not have a time clock so it can
operate only during occupied hours, nor controls to modulate the outside air with the
occupancy of the space. As such, it will over-ventilate the gym. Install automatic
controls to schedule the system operation and a CO2 sensor to modulate the outside
air with occupancy. Modify the gym rooftop reliefs to be used for an exhaust path for
economizer cooling.
- Boiler Room Heat Recovery: Install a boiler room heat recovery system, consisting
of a cabinet fan and ductwork, to supply warm boiler room air to the gym and return
cooler gym air.
Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs
Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR
$500 ($27,710) ($27,210) $154,500 $8,500 ($785,400) ($622,400) 5.0
Yakutat Junior and High School 10 Energy Audit (January 2012)
EEM-10: Upgrade Remaining T12 Lighting to T8
Purpose: Although most of the building has been converted from original T12 lighting to more
efficient T8 units, several spaces have not yet been upgraded. Energy will be saved if the
T12 units in these spaces are replaced with T8 units. In addition, incandescent lamps in
the boiler room should be replaced with compact fluorescent units.
Scope: Replace T12 fixtures with T8 fixtures in the following spaces:
- Superintendent’s office
- Teacher’s Lounge
- Metal shop
Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs
Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR
($360) ($1,380) ($1,740) $9,500 ($6,000) ($39,100) ($35,600) 4.7
EEM-11: Replace Single Pane Door Glazing
Purpose: Single pane plexiglass is installed in two of the building entry doors. Energy will be
saved if the plexiglass is replaced with double pane energy efficient glazing.
Scope: Replace single pane plexiglass with energy efficient double pane glazing units.
Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs
Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR
$0 ($500) ($500) $4,800 $0 ($14,100) ($9,300) 2.9
EEM-12: Install Occupancy Sensors
Purpose: Lights for the gym locker and toilet rooms are on a manual switch and frequently remain
on even when rooms are unoccupied. Energy will be saved if occupancy sensors are
installed to minimize unnecessary lighting hours. We recommend that a 10-minute delay
time is used on the occupancy sensor.
Scope: Install an occupancy sensor to control locker and toilet room lighting.
Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs
Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR
($30) ($1,350) ($1,380) $17,800 ($600) ($38,300) ($21,100) 2.2
EEM-13: Replace Single Pane Window Glazing
Purpose: A single pane of safety glass was used to replace a broken double pane window in the
Superintendent’s office. Energy will be saved if the single pane glazing is replaced with
energy efficient double pane glazing.
Scope: Replace single pane glazing with an energy efficient double pane glazing unit.
Annual Costs Life Cycle Costs
Operating Energy Total Investment Operating Energy Total SIR
$0 ($140) ($140) $2,100 $0 ($3,900) ($1,800) 1.9
Yakutat Junior and High School 11 Energy Audit (January 2012)
Section 4
Description of Systems
ENERGY SYSTEMS
This section provides a general description of the building systems. Energy conservation
opportunities are addressed in Section 3, Energy Efficiency Measures.
Building Envelope
R-value
Component Description (inside to outside) Existing Optimal
Exterior Wall 5/8” Gyp. bd, 2”x6” wood stud, R-19 batt, siding R-19 R-30
Roof Metal pan decking, 5” foam tapered roof system R-25 R-60
Floor Slab 4” Concrete slab-on-grade R-10 R-10
Foundation 8” concrete w/ 2” perimeter insulation board R-10 R-20
Windows Wood windows w/ double pane glass R-1.5 R-5
Doors Steel doors w/ non-thermally broken frames R-1.5 R-5
Heating System
Waste heat delivered from the power plant across the street heats the school by heating a loop
circulating water through a plate heat exchanger located in the boiler room. The secondary side of the
heat exchanger provides heat to seven individual air handling unit systems, fan coil units, and
perimeter hydronic systems located throughout the building. The heating system has the following
pumps:
P-1-A is the heating water circulation pump for AHU-1
P-2B is the heating water circulation pump for the metal shop
HP-1B is the building loop circulation pump for ASU-1 & ASU-2
HP-1A is a back-up pump for HP-1B
P-3 is the domestic hot water tank heating loop pump
P-4 is a domestic hot water circulation pump
P-5 is a domestic hot water circulation pump
HP-1 is a hot water delivery pump delivering heat from the power plant
HP-2 is a hot water delivery pump delivering heat from the power plant
Yakutat Junior and High School 12 Energy Audit (January 2012)
Ventilation Systems
Area
Fan
System* Description
Original
Classrooms/Halls
ASU-1 6,300 cfm 5 hp constant volume multi-zone air handling unit
consisting of an outside air damper, heating coil, mixing box, filter
section, supply fan and return fan (REF-1)
Gym & Locker
Rooms
ASU-2 8,830 cfm 5 hp constant volume air handling unit consisting of a
heating coil, mixing box, filter section, and supply fan
New Classroom
Addition
AHU-1 3,060 cfm 1 ½ hp constant volume air handling unit consisting of a
heating coil, mixing box, filter section, and supply fan
Main Entry
Hallway
AHU-2 3,460 cfm 2 hp constant volume air handling unit consisting of a
heating coil, mixing box, filter section, and supply fan
Music/Auditorium AHU-3 3,195 cfm 2 hp constant volume air handling unit consisting of a
heating coil, mixing box, filter section, and supply fan
Weight Room AHU-4 540 cfm ¼ hp constant volume air handling unit consisting of a
heating coil, mixing box, filter section, and supply fan
Racquet Ball Room AHU-5 840 cfm 1/2 hp constant volume air handling unit consisting of a
heating coil, mixing box, filter section, and supply fan
Original
Classrooms/Halls
REF-1 6,300 cfm 2 hp constant volume fan supplying return air to ASU-1
Restroom/Teachers’
Lounge
EF-1e 670 cfm 1/6 hp constant volume exhaust fan
Locker Rooms EF-2e 1,080 cfm constant volume exhaust fan
New Restrooms EF-1 886 cfm 1/6 hp constant volume exhaust fan
Classroom Exhaust EF-2 80 cfm constant volume exhaust
Fitting Room EF-3 80 cfm constant volume exhaust
Janitor Closet EF-4 80 cfm constant volume exhaust
Welding Shop EF-5 3,200 cfm 3 hp constant volume exhaust air fan
Welding Shop EF-6 3,200 cfm 3 hp constant volume exhaust air fan
Welding Shop EF-7 600 cfm ¾ hp constant volume exhaust air fan
Fume Hood EF-8 Constant volume exhaust fan
Fume Hood EF-9 Constant volume exhaust fan
Range Hood EF-10 Constant volume exhaust fan
Range Hood EF-11 Constant volume exhaust fan
Range Hood EF-12 Constant volume exhaust fan
*Fan systems that are underlined in this list were not running at the time of the audit.
Yakutat Junior and High School 13 Energy Audit (January 2012)
Domestic Hot Water System
The primary domestic hot water heater is located in the boiler room and is a vertically mounted
indirect hot water heating unit. Maintenance staff reports that the domestic hot water system cannot
maintain temperature for more than about ten minutes. During the inspection the domestic hot water
heating loop supply pump P-3 was not in service. This pump is required for proper operation of the
domestic hot water system. In addition, the tank is uninsulated and air in the heating loops has been a
routine problem. We recommend that the heating core be removed and inspected for scale build-up
that reduces the heat transfer capabilities of the unit and that the tank be insulated.
Automatic Control System
The building has a failed and abandoned automated control system for the heating and ventilating
systems. All of the OAD’s and the ASU-1 multi-zone dampers are manually controlled. There is no
ability to individually control the heat in classrooms. The heat is constantly on and the windows are
opened when occupants get too warm.
Lighting
Although some T-12 lighting remains in the mechanical spaces, teachers’ lounge, and the
Superintendent’s office, the interior lighting consists primarily of T8 fluorescent fixtures and recessed
compact fluorescents. Exterior lighting consists primarily of metal halide and mercury vapor lighting.
Exterior lighting is controlled manually with a timer by staff and operational hours are kept to a
minimum. We recommend that maintenance staff upgrade the remaining interior T-12 fixtures to
more efficient T-8 units, and upgrade the exterior fixtures to more efficient LED units.
Electric Equipment
With the exception of residential-style kitchen appliances, there are no additional large electrical
appliances or equipment on site.
Yakutat Junior and High School 14 Energy Audit (January 2012)
Section 5
Methodology
Information for the energy audit was gathered through on-site observations, review of construction
documents, and interviews with operation and maintenance personnel. The EEMs are evaluated using
energy and life cycle cost analyses and are priority ranked for implementation.
Energy Efficiency Measures
Energy efficiency measures are identified by evaluating the building’s energy systems and comparing
them to systems in modern, high performance buildings. The process for identifying the EEMs
acknowledges the realities of an existing building that was constructed when energy costs were much
lower. Many of the opportunities used in modern high performance buildings—highly insulated
envelopes, variable capacity mechanical systems, heat pumps, daylighting, lighting controls, etc.—
simply cannot be economically incorporated into an existing building.
The EEMs represent practical measures to improve the energy efficiency of the buildings, taking into
account the realities of limited budgets. If a future major renovation project occurs, additional EEMs
common to high performance buildings should be incorporated.
Life Cycle Cost Analysis
The EEMs are evaluated using life cycle cost analysis which determines if an energy efficiency
investment will provide a savings over a 25-year life. The analysis incorporates construction,
replacement, maintenance, repair, and energy costs to determine the total cost over the life of the
EEM. Future maintenance and energy cash flows are discounted to present worth using escalation
factors for general inflation, energy inflation, and the value of money. The methodology is based on
the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Handbook 135 – Life Cycle Cost
Analysis.
Life cycle cost analysis is preferred to simple payback for facilities that have long—often perpetual—
service lives. Simple payback, which compares construction cost and present energy cost, is
reasonable for short time periods of 2-4 years, but yields below optimal results over longer periods
because it does not properly account for the time value of money or inflationary effects on operating
budgets. Accounting for energy inflation and the time value of money properly sums the true cost of
facility ownership and seeks to minimize the life cycle cost.
Construction Costs
The cost estimates are derived based on a preliminary understanding of the scope of each EEM as
gathered during the walk-through audit. The construction costs for in-house labor are $60 per hour for
work typically performed by maintenance staff and $110 per hour for contract labor.
The cost estimate assumes the work will be performed as part of a larger renovation or energy
efficiency upgrade project. When implementing EEMs, the cost estimate should be revisited once the
scope and preferred method of performing the work has been determined. It is possible some EEMs
will not provide a life cycle savings when the scope is finalized.
Yakutat Junior and High School 15 Energy Audit (January 2012)
Maintenance Costs
Maintenance costs are based on in-house or contract labor using historical maintenance efforts and
industry standards. Maintenance costs over the 25-year life of each EEM are included in the life cycle
cost calculation spreadsheets and represent the level of effort to maintain the systems.
Energy Analysis
The energy performance of an EEM is evaluated within the operating parameters of the building. A
comprehensive energy audit would rely on a computer model of the building to integrate building
energy systems and evaluate the energy savings of each EEM. This investment grade audit does not
utilize a computer model, so energy savings are calculated with factors that account for the dynamic
operation of the building. Energy savings and costs are estimated for the 25-year life of the EEM
using appropriate factors for energy inflation.
Prioritization
Each EEM is prioritized based on the life cycle savings to investment ratio (SIR) using the following
formula:
Prioritization Factor = Life Cycle Savings / Capital Costs
This approach factor puts significant weight on the capital cost of an EEM, making lower cost EEMs
more favorable.
Yakutat Junior and High School 16 Energy Audit (January 2012)
Economic Factors
The following economic factors are significant to the findings.
Nominal Interest Rate: This is the nominal rate of return on an investment without regard to inflation.
The analysis uses a rate of 5%.
Inflation Rate: This is the average inflationary change in prices over time. The analysis uses an
inflation rate of 2%.
Economic Period: The analysis is based on a 25-year economic period with construction beginning in
2010.
Electricity
Electricity is supplied by Yakutat Power, Inc. and is billed under the Large Power Interruptible rate as
follows:
ELECTRIC RATE
Large Power
Interruptible
Electricity ($ / kWh ) Block Rate
1st Block 1,000 $0.516
2nd Block 2,500 $0.491
3rd Block $0.456
Summary
The following table summarizes the energy and economic factors used in the analysis.
Summary of Economic and Energy Factors
Factor Rate or Cost Factor Rate or Cost
Nominal Discount Rate 5% Electricity $0.456/kwh
General Inflation Rate 2% Electricity Inflation 6%
Yakutat Junior and High School 17 Energy Audit (January 2012)
Appendix A
Energy and Life Cycle Cost Analysis
Yakutat Junior and High School 18 Energy Audit (January 2012)
Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Energy and Life Cycle Cost Analysis
25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907.789.1226
Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us
Yakutat Junior and High School
Basis
Economic
Study Period (years) 25 Nominal Discount Rate 5%General Inflation 2%
Energy
2011 $/gal Fuel Inflation 2012 $/gal
Fuel Oil $4.98 6% $5.28
Electricity $/kWh (2011)$/kW (2011)Inflation $/kWh (2012)$/kW (2012)
w/ Demand Charges $0.456 $0.00 6% $0.483 $0.00
w/o Demand Charges $0.456 -6% $0.483 -
EEM-4: Install Pipe Insulation
Energy Analysis
Service Size Length Bare BTUH Insul BTUH Factor kBtu η boiler Gallons
Heating 1.50 20 126 15 30% -5,834 68%-62
Heating 2.00 34 154 15 30% -12,420 68%-132
Heating 4.00 20 279 23 30% -13,455 68%-143
-337
Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost
Construction Costs
1-1/2"0 20 lnft $8 $160
2"0 34 lnft $9 $306
3"0 20 lnft $13 $260
Estimating contingency 0 15%$109
Overhead & profit 0 30%$250
Design fees 0 10%$109
Project management 0 8%$96
Energy Costs
Fuel Oil 1 - 25 -337 gal $5.28 ($50,370)
Net Present Worth ($49,100)
EEM-5: Insulate Expansion Tank
Energy Analysis
Service Area Uninsulated 1-1/2" Insul Factor kBtu η boiler Gallons
DHW 55 2,208 208 33% -5,782 68% -61
Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost
Construction Costs
Insulate DHW tank 0 1 ea $500 $500
Energy Costs
Fuel Oil 1 - 25 -61 gal $5.28 ($9,184)
Net Present Worth ($8,700)
Yakutat Junior and High School 19 Energy Audit (January 2012)
Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Energy and Life Cycle Cost Analysis
25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907.789.1226
Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us
Yakutat Junior and High School
EEM-6: Upgrade Motors to Premium Efficency
Energy Analysis
Equip Number HP ηold ηnew kW Hours kWh
AHU-1 1 1.5 79.1% 86.5% -0.08 8,760 -725
REF-1 1 2 80.8% 86.5% -0.09 8,760 -745
EF-5/EF-6 2 3 81.4% 89.5% -0.36 8,760 -3,176
ASU-1 1 5 83.3% 89.5% -0.23 8,760 -2,026
-0.8 -6,672
Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost
Construction Costs HP
Replace motor 1.5 0 1 LS 955 $955
Replace motor 2 0 1 LS 970 $970
Replace motor 3 0 2 LS 1,080 $2,160
Replace motor 5 0 1 LS 1,290 $1,290
Project management 0 8%$430
Energy Costs
Electric Energy 1 - 25 -6,672 kWh $0.483 ($91,413)
Net Present Worth ($85,600)
EEM-7: Insulate Domestic Hot Water Tank
Energy Analysis
Service Area Uninsulated 1-1/2" Insul Factor kBtu η boiler Gallons
DHW 57 1,735 250 33% -4,293 68% -46
Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost
Construction Costs
Insulate DHW tank 0 1 ea $500 $500
Energy Costs
Fuel Oil 1 - 25 -46 gal $5.28 ($6,819)
Net Present Worth ($6,300)
Yakutat Junior and High School 20 Energy Audit (January 2012)
Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Energy and Life Cycle Cost Analysis
25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907.789.1226
Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us
Yakutat Junior and High School
EEM-8: Upgrade Exterior Lighting
Energy Analysis
Type # Fixtures Lamp Lamp, watts Fixture Watts Lamp Lamp, watts Fixture Watts Savings, kWh
WallPak 9 MH 100 128 LED -60 -2,681
WallPak 10 MH 175 190 LED -90 -4,380
-7,061
Lamp Replacement
Type # Fixtures Lamp # Lamps Life, hrs Lamps//yr $ / lamp $ / Replace
WallPak 9 MH -1 15,000 -2.63 $32 $20
WallPak 10 MH -1 15,000 -2.92 $40 $20
WallPak 9 LED 1 60,000 0.66 $190 $20
WallPak 10 LED 1 60,000 0.73 $190 $20
Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost
Construction Costs
Replace WallPak: 100 watt MH with LED 0 9 LS $525 $4,725
Replace WallPak: 175 watt MH with LED 0 10 LS $525 $5,250
Estimating contingency 0 15%$1,496
Overhead & profit 0 30%$3,441
Design fees 0 10%$1,491
Project management 0 8%$1,312
Annual Costs
Existing lamp replacement, 100 watt MH 1 - 25 -2.63 lamps $52.00 ($2,327)
Existing lamp replacement, 150 watt MH 1 - 25 -2.92 lamps $60.00 ($2,983)
LED board replacement, 60 watts 1 - 25 0.66 LED board $210.00 $2,349
LED board replacement, 80 watts 1 - 25 0.73 LED board $210.00 $2,610
Energy Costs
Electric Energy 1 - 25 -7,061 kWh $0.483 ($96,734)
Net Present Worth ($79,400)
Existing Replacement
Yakutat Junior and High School 21 Energy Audit (January 2012)
Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Energy and Life Cycle Cost Analysis
25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907.789.1226
Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us
Yakutat Junior and High School
EEM-9: Optimize All Ventilation Systems
Energy Analysis
Fan Case CFM ΔP η, fan BHP η, motor kW Hours kWh
EF-1E Existing -670 0.75 55% -0.1 70% -0.2 8,760 -1,342
Optimized 670 0.75 55% 0.1 70% 0.2 1,728 265
EF-1 Existing -886 0.75 55%0 70% -0.2 8,760 -1,775
Optimized 886 0.75 55%0 70% 0.2 1,728 350
EF-2e Existing -1,080 0.75 55%0 70% -0.2 8,760 -2,163
Optimized 1,080 0.75 55%0 70% 0.2 1,728 427
ASU-2 Existing -8,830 1.75 55%-4 89%-4 8,760 -32,457
Optimized 8,830 1.75 55%4 93%4 1,728 6,127
0 -30,568
Ventilation SA CFM MAT T,room MBH Hours kBtu η boiler Gallons
ASU-2 Existing -8,830 65 68 -29 8,760 -250,617 68%-2,661
Optimized 8,830 66 68 19 1,728 32,958 68%350
-217,659 -2,311
Boiler Room Heat Gain
Loss MBH Hours, exist Hours, new kBtu η boiler Gallons
3 8,760 4,380 -13,140 68% -140
Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost
Construction Costs
Install ocucpancy sensor and timer control 0 6 ea $2,000 $12,000
Replace ASU-2 controls; add time clock and CO2 sensor control 0 1 LS $25,000 $25,000
Boiler room heat recovery fan, ductowrk, electrical 0 1 LS $30,000 $30,000
Commissioning 0 1 LS $20,000 $20,000
Estimating contingency 0 15% $13,050
Overhead & profit 0 30% $30,015
Design fees 0 10% $13,007
Project management 0 8% $11,446
Annual Costs
DDC Maintenance 1 - 25 1 LS $500.00 $8,514
Energy Costs
Electric Energy 1 - 25 -30,568 kWh $0.483 ($418,799)
Fuel Oil 1 - 25 -2,451 gal $5.28 ($366,622)
Net Present Worth ($622,400)
Yakutat Junior and High School 22 Energy Audit (January 2012)
Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Energy and Life Cycle Cost Analysis
25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907.789.1226
Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us
Yakutat Junior and High School
EEM-10: Upgrade Remaining T12 Interior Lighting
Energy Analysis
Electric Savings
Type # Fixtures Lamp Lamp, watts Fixture Watts Lamp Lamp, watts Fixture Watts Savings, kWh
Surface 30 2T12 80 92 2T8 -60 -1,728
Surface 6 4T12 160 184 4T8 -80 -1,123
-2,851
Additional Heating Load
kWh Factor kBtu η boiler Gallons
2,851 80% 7,783 68% 83
Lamp Replacement
Type # Fixtures Lamp # Lamps Life, hrs Lamps//yr $/lamp
Surface 30 2T12 -2 20,000 -13.14 $8
Surface 6 4T12 -4 20,000 -5.26 $8
Surface 30 2T8 2 36,000 7.30 $4
Surface 6 4T8 4 36,000 2.92 $4
Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost
Construction Costs
Replace 2T12 ballast and lamps with T8 0 30 LS $148 $4,440
Replace 4T12 ballast and lamps with T8 0 6 LS $156 $936
Estimating contingency 0 15%$806
Overhead & profit 0 30%$1,855
Design fees 0 10%$804
Project management 0 8%$707
Annual Costs
Existing lamp replacement, 2T12 1 - 25 -13.14 lamps $26.00 ($5,817)
Existing lamp replacement, 4T12 1 - 25 -5.26 lamps $42.00 ($3,759)
Lamp replacement, 2T8 1 - 25 7.30 lamps $18.00 $2,237
Lamp replacement, 4T8 1 - 25 2.92 lamps $26.00 $1,293
Energy Costs
Electric Energy 1 - 25 -2,851 kWh $0.483 ($39,063)
Fuel Oil 1 - 25 83 gal $5.28 $12,363
Net Present Worth ($35,600)
EEM-11: Replace Single Pane Door Glazing
Energy Analysis
Component Area R,exist R,new ΔT MBH kBtu η boiler Gallons
Door 27 0.50 2.0 25 -1.0 -8,870 68%-94
-1.0 -8,870 -94
Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost
Construction Costs
Replace door glazing unit 0 27 sqft $100 $2,700
Estimating contingency 0 15%$405
Overhead & profit 0 30%$932
Design fees 0 10%$404
Project management 0 8%$355
Energy Costs
Fuel Oil 1 - 25 -94 gal $5.28 ($14,089)
Net Present Worth ($9,300)
Existing Replacement
Yakutat Junior and High School 23 Energy Audit (January 2012)
Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Energy and Life Cycle Cost Analysis
25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907.789.1226
Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us
Yakutat Junior and High School
EEM-12: Install Occupancy Sensors
Energy Analysis
Room # Fixtures Lamp Lamp, watts Fixture Watts Hours, exist Hours, new Savings, kWh
Lockers 16 2T8 64 74 -2,106 936 -1,378
Toilets 14 2T8 64 74 -2,106 936 -1,206
Toilets 6 CFL 26 30 -2,106 936 -210
-2,793
Lamp Replacement
Type # Fixtures Lamp # Lamps Life, hrs Lamps//yr $/lamp $/Replace
Lockers 30 2T8 1 36,000 -0.98 $4 $15
Toilets 6 CFL 1 20,000 -0.35 $8 $10
Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost
Construction Costs
Install ocucpancy sensor and lighting controls 0 8 LS $1,250 $10,000
Estimating contingency 0 15%$1,500
Overhead & profit 0 30%$3,450
Design fees 0 10%$1,495
Project management 0 8%$1,316
Annual Costs
Existing lamp replacement, T8 1 - 25 -0.98 lamps $26.00 ($432)
Existing lamp replacement, CFL 1 - 25 -0.35 lamps $22.00 ($131)
Energy Costs
Electric Energy 1 - 25 -2,793 kWh $0.483 ($38,269)
Net Present Worth ($21,100)
EEM-13: Replace Single Pane Window Glazing
Energy Analysis
Component Area R,exist R,new ΔT MBH kBtu η boiler Gallons
Window 12 0.75 2.5 25 -0.3 -2,453 68%-26
-0.3 -2,453 -26
Life Cycle Cost Analysis Year Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost
Construction Costs
Replace door glazing unit 0 12 sqft $100 $1,200
Estimating contingency 0 15%$180
Overhead & profit 0 30%$414
Design fees 0 10%$179
Project management 0 8%$158
Energy Costs
Fuel Oil 1 - 25 -26 gal $5.28 ($3,896)
Net Present Worth ($1,800)
Yakutat Junior and High School 24 Energy Audit (January 2012)
Appendix B
Energy and Utility Data
Yakutat Junior and High School 25 Energy Audit (January 2012)
Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Billing Data
25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907-789-1226
Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us
Yakutat Middle/High School
ELECTRIC RATE
Electricity ($ / kWh )Block Rate
1st Block 1,000 $0.516
2nd Block 2,500 $0.491
3rd Block $0.456
ELECTRICAL CONSUMPTION AND DEMAND
2008 2009 2010 2011
kWh kWh kWh kWh
Jan 22,440 18,000 18,000 17,040 18,870
Feb 20,400 20,640 17,760 18,720 19,380
Mar 17,640 16,440 16,440 14,520 16,260
Apr 19,200 18,480 14,760 15,000 16,860
May 16,800 15,600 13,680 15,240 15,330
Jun 11,040 12,000 9,360 8,400 10,200
Jul 12,840 8,760 6,840 8,400 9,210
Aug 10,560 10,920 9,720 8,400 9,900
Sep 15,600 13,680 13,440 14,040 14,190
Oct 18,000 14,400 16,080 18,600 16,770
Nov 18,720 18,720 17,400 16,560 17,850
Dec 18,960 15,000 17,640 16,440 17,010
Total 202,200 182,640 171,120 171,360 181,830
Average 16,850 15,220 14,260 14,280 15,153
ELECTRIC BILLING DETAILS
2010 2011
Month Total Total % Change
Jan $8,210 $7,772 -5.3%
Feb $8,100 $8,538 5.4%
Mar $7,498 $6,623 -11.7%
Apr $6,732 $6,842 1.6%
May $6,239 $6,951 11.4%
Jun $4,269 $3,831 -10.3%
Jul $3,120 $3,831 22.8%
Aug $4,433 $3,831 -13.6%
Sep $6,130 $6,404 4.5%
Oct $7,334 $8,483 15.7%
Nov $7,936 $7,553 -4.8%
Dec $8,046 $7,498 -6.8%
Total $ 78,048 $ 78,157 0.1%
Average $ 6,504 $ 6,513 0.1%
Cost ($/kWh) $0.456 $0.456 0.0%
Large Power Interruptible
Month Average
Electrical costs are based on the current electric rates.
Yakutat Junior and High School 26 Energy Audit (January 2012)
Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Billing Data
25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907-789-1226
Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us
Yakutat Schools - Waste Heat System
ELECTRIC RATE
Electricity ($ / kWh )Block Rate
1st Block 1,000 $0.516
2nd Block 2,500 $0.491
3rd Block $0.456
ELECTRICAL CONSUMPTION AND DEMAND
2008 2009 2010 2011
kWh kWh kWh kWh
Jan 2,126 1,887 2,105 735 1,713
Feb 1,764 2,092 2,050 2,991 2,224
Mar 1,929 2,022 2,283 2,716 2,238
Apr 2,393 2,238 1,262 2,799 2,173
May 2,279 2,991 1,269 3,151 2,423
Jun 1,720 1,161 1,177 3,448 1,877
Jul 2,194 2,059 428 1,546 1,557
Aug 2,063 2,015 1,057 2,680 1,954
Sep 2,077 2,213 2,256 1,885 2,108
Oct 2,136 1,998 1,928 3,575 2,409
Nov 2,170 2,163 2,466 2,359 2,290
Dec 2,292 2,192 3,323 2,784 2,648
Total 25,143 25,031 21,604 30,669 25,612
Average 2,095 2,086 1,800 2,556 2,134
ELECTRIC BILLING DETAILS
2010 2011
Month Total Total % Change
Jan $1,034 $379 -63.3%
Feb $1,007 $1,364 35.5%
Mar $1,121 $1,239 10.5%
Apr $620 $1,277 106.0%
May $623 $1,437 130.6%
Jun $578 $1,573 172.1%
Jul $221 $759 243.7%
Aug $519 $1,222 135.5%
Sep $1,108 $926 -16.4%
Oct $947 $1,631 72.2%
Nov $1,211 $1,159 -4.3%
Dec $1,516 $1,270 -16.2%
Total $ 10,504 $ 14,235 35.5%
Average $ 875 $ 1,186 35.5%
Cost ($/kWh) $0.486 $0.464 -4.5%
Large Power Interruptible
Month Average
Electrical costs are based on the current electric rates.
Yakutat Junior and High School 27 Energy Audit (January 2012)
Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Annual Electric Consumption
25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907-789-1226
Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us
Yakutat Middle/High School
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov DecElectric Use (kWh)Month of the Year
Electric Use History - School Building
2008
2009
2010
2011
$ 0
$ 1,000
$ 2,000
$ 3,000
$ 4,000
$ 5,000
$ 6,000
$ 7,000
$ 8,000
$ 9,000
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov DecElectric Cost (USD)Month of the Year
Electric Cost Breakdown
2011
Yakutat Junior and High School 28 Energy Audit (January 2012)
Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Annual Electric Consumption
25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907-789-1226
Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov DecElectric Use (kWh)Month of the Year
Electric Use History - Waste Heat Pumping
2008
2009
2010
2011
$ 0
$ 200
$ 400
$ 600
$ 800
$ 1,000
$ 1,200
$ 1,400
$ 1,600
$ 1,800
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov DecElectric Cost (USD)Month of the Year
Electric Cost Breakdown - Waste Heat Pumping
2011
Yakutat Junior and High School 29 Energy Audit (January 2012)
Alaska Energy Engineering LLC
25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907-789-1226
Juneau, Alaska 99801 jim@alaskaenergy.us
Annual Energy Consumption and Cost
Energy Cost $/MMBtu Area ECI EUI
Electricity $0.456 $140.71 29,853 $4.51 55
Source Cost
Electricity 207,442 kWh $94,600 700 42%
Waste Heat 950,000 kBtu $40,000 950 58%
Totals $134,600 1,650 100%
Annual Energy Consumption and Cost
Consumption Energy, MMBtu
Yakutat Junior and High School 30 Energy Audit (January 2012)
Appendix C
Equipment Data
Yakutat Junior and High School 31 Energy Audit (January 2012)
MotorHP / Volts / RPM / EfficAHU 1 New Addition New Classroom Addition Trane Climate Changer 3060 CFM 1.5 HP/ 208 V/ 1745 RPM/ 78.5%AHU 2 Men's Restroom Main Hallway Trane Climate Changer 3460 CFM 2 HP/ 208 V/ 1745 RPM/80% Heater CoreAHU 3 Men's Restroom Music/Auditorium Trane Climate Changer 3195 CFM 2 HP/ 208 V/80%AHU 4 Janitor Closet Weight Room Trane Climate Changer 540 CFM 1/4 HP/ 120 V/47% Not RunningAHU 5 Above Racquet Ball Racquet Ball Trane Climate Changer 840 CFM 1/2 HP/ 120 V/62% Not RunningASU 1 Boiler Room Original Classroom/Halls Pace 6300 CFM 5 HP/ 208 V/ 1750 RPM/ 84%ASU 2 Boiler Room Gym/Locker Room Pace 8830 CFM 5 HP/ 208 V/ 1750 RPM/ 84% Not RunningEF 1 Boiler Room Restrooms/Teachers Lounge Pace U9F 670 CFM 1/6 HP/ 115 VEF 2 Boiler Room Showers/Lockers Pace 1080 CFM Not RunningEF 1 Men's Restroom Toilet Exhaust Porter 12A 886 CFM 1/6 HP/ 115 VEF 2 Classroom Exhaust 80 CFM Not FunctionalEF 3 Fitting Room Exhaust 80 CFM Not FunctionalEF 4 Janitor Exhaust 80 CFM Not FunctionalEF 5 Welding Shop Exhaust 3200 CFM 3 HP/ 208 V/ 1750 RPM/ 81.5% 1 hr/dayEF 6 Welding Shop Exhaust 3200 CFM 3 HP/ 208 V/ 1750 RPM/ 81.5% 2-3 days/weekEF 7 Welding Shop Exhaust 600 CFM 3/4 HP/ 208 V/ 1725 RPM/76%EF 8 Chemistry Room Fume HoodEF 9 Chemistry Room Fume HoodEF 10 Home Economics Range Hood 280 CFMEF 11 Home Economics Range Hood 280 CFM Not RunningEF 12 Home Economics Range Hood 280 CFM1 hr/day 1 day/week every other year1 hr/day 1 day/week every other yearYakutat Jr/Sr High School - Major Equipment InventoryCapacityNotesUnit IDLocation Function Make Model
Yakutat Junior and High School 32 Energy Audit (January 2012)
MotorHP / Volts / RPM / EfficYakutat Jr/Sr High School - Major Equipment InventoryCapacityNotesUnit IDLocation Function Make ModelP 1A Boiler Room AHU 1Grundfos UMC 50-80 E115 V/ 520 WP 2B Boiler Room Metal ShopGrundfos UMC 50-80 E115 V/ 520 WHP 1B Boiler Room Building Loop ASU 1+2 Taco 1635C3NI1/2 HP/ 208 V/ 1725 RPM/62%HP 1A Boiler Room BackupB+G1/2 HP/ 208 V/ 1730 RPM/62% Broken MountsP 4 Boiler Room Domestic Hot H2O Circulation B+G HB011/12 HP/ 115 V/ 1750 RPMP 3 Boiler Room Domestic Hot H2O Heating Loop B+G No Label P 5 Boiler Room Domestic Hot H2O Circulation Grundfos UP 25-64 SF115 V/ 180 WREF 1 Boiler Room ASU 1 ReturnPace 24 AF6300 CFM 2 HP/ 208 V/ 1760 RPM/80% Not Used1Power Generation BHeat Exchange Circulation Pump Goulds 36422 HP/ 208 V/ 3450 RPM//80% run 24/72Power Generation BHeat Exchange Circulation Pump Goulds 36422 HP/ 208 V/ 3450 RPM/80% run 24/7
Yakutat Junior and High School 33 Energy Audit (January 2012)
Appendix D
Abbreviations
AHU Air handling unit
BTU British thermal unit
BTUH BTU per hour
CBJ City and Borough of Juneau
CMU Concrete masonry unit
CO2 Carbon dioxide
CUH Cabinet unit heater
DDC Direct digital controls
DHW Domestic hot water
EAD Exhaust air damper
EEM Energy efficiency measure
EF Exhaust fan
Gyp Bd Gypsum board
HVAC Heating, Ventilating, Air-
conditioning
HW Hot water
HWRP Hot water recirculating pump
KVA Kilovolt-amps
kW Kilowatt
kWh Kilowatt-hour
LED Light emitting diode
MBH 1,000 Btu per hour
MMBH 1,000,000 Btu per hour
OAD Outside air damper
PSI Per square inch
PSIG Per square inch gage
RAD Return air damper
RF Return fan
SIR Savings to investment ratio
SF Supply fan
UV Unit ventilator
VAV Variable air volume
VFD Variable frequency drive
Yakutat Junior and High School 34 Energy Audit (January 2012)