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HomeMy WebLinkAboutMicro hydro Dev AK 4 of 4 1980APPLICATIONS FOR MINOR PROJECTS There is a form for applying for licenses for minor projects (new or existing), 1.5 MW or less in capacity. This application format requires information about the applicant, the project location and description, the proposed mode of operation (run -of -river or peaking), U.S. lands involved, and the date construction will begin and end if a license is issued. Required supplements to the application form include a report describing the environmental setting in the project area, environmental impacts expected from the project, and measures proposed to mitigate adverse environmental impacts. Comments from Federal and state agencies with affected resource management responsibilities must be obtained and attached. PROCESSING TIMES The time needed by the Commission staff to issue a permit or license depends upon: (1) the extent to which the submitted application complies with the regulations, (2) the viability and sensitivity of the proposed action, (3) the number of protests about the proposal received by the Commission during the public notice period, and (4) the minimum notice periods imposed by certain statutory requirements. In very general terms, assuming most favorable circumstances, experience has shown that minimum processing times would be about as follows: Permits - 5 to 9 months Minor projects (under 1.5 MW) - 4 to 7 months Exemptions - 6 months EXEMPTIONS FROM LICENSING In 1978, Congress granted the Commission discretionary authority to exempt conduit hydro facilities in whole, or in part, from licensing requirements. Conduit hydro projects are those which generate electric power utilizing the head available in various man-made water conveyance systems built for other primary purposes, such as irrigation, domestic water supply, industrial uses, etc. The conveyances may be pipelines, canals, flumes, etc. An application must be filed with the Commission in order to obtain the exemption. The application requirements are similar to the minor project application. The project must not require construction of a dam to provide the head necessary for power generation. Waters to be used for power generation must be received from the system and discharged back into the system. The powerhouse cannot be on Federal land. Lastly, the project capacity cannot exceed 15 MW. The application consists of an initial statement, three exhibits and an environmental report. The initial statement identifies the applicant and locates the project. Exhibit A provides a description of the related conduit, the purposes for which it is used and the purpose for which the power from the conduit hydroelectric facility will be used. Exhibit B describes, in technical detail, the facility and the proposed mode of operation. Exhibit L is a drawing of facility structures and equipment showing plan, elevation and profile views of the power plant and any dam to which the plant would be attached. The environmental report must describe the environmental setting o the facility; the expected environmental impacts and proposed measures to protect and enhance the environmental resources and to mitigate adverse impacts; a description of alternative means of obtaining an amount of power equivalent to that to be provided by the proposed facility; and steps taken in consultation with affected Federal, state and local agencies during preparation of the environmental report. If the Commission has not taken specific action upon the exemption application within 90 days after notifying the applicant that its application is accepted for filing, the application may be considered granted. If exemption is denied, the application will be treated as the basis for an application for license. Some additional information may be required. UPDATE FERC advises that recent legislation may qualify micro -hydro developers for an exemption from licensing under the Federal Power Act. The above discussions are extremely brief and, because of the site -specific nature of hydroelectric projects, and recent legislative changes, probably will not answer all questions. Additional information may be obtained by contacting: Mr. William Kopfler, Chief Hydropower Licensing Branch Federal Energy Regulatory Commission 333 Market Street, 6th Floor San Francisco, CA 94105 (415) 764-7137 or Ronald A. Corso, Director Division of Hydropower Licensing Federal Energy Regulatory Commission 825 North Capitol Street N.E. Washington, D.C. 20426 (202) 357-5321 PERMITS REQUIRED BY THE U.S. ARMY CORPS OF FOR HYDROPOWER DEVELOPMENT Hydropower development must satisfy the requirements of Section 10 of the River and Harbor Act of 1899 and Section 404 of the Clean Water Act of 1977. Both sections of law are administered by the Corps of Engineers under its permit program and require developers to follow procedures described below. Other Federal and State permits are normally required of hydropower development, but only Corps of Engineers requirements are discussed below. I. Section 10 permits. Corps responsibilities for permit requirements under Section 10 of the River and Harbor Act of 1899 involve activities affecting navigable waters and include considerations of the overall public interest for navigation, water quality, fish and wildlife, recreation, general environment, and other needs of people. Normally the provisions of Section 10 are satisfied through the licensing process of the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) for power projects and no separate permit is needed from the Corps of Engineers. Section 4(e) of the Federal Power Act provides for approval of plans of hydro -power projects by the Chief of Engineers, Corps of Engineers, and Secretary of the Army from the standpoint of navigation. However, nonpower portions of a power project may require a separate Corps Section 10 permit and developers must apply to the Corps of Engineers for a permit prior to construction. II. Section 404 permits. Section 404 of the Clean Water Act of 1977 requires a Corps of Engineers permit for discharge of dredged or fill material into navigable waters. For power projects which require FERC licensing, the Corps specifies the need for a Department of Army Section 404 permit in response to FERC's request for review of a license application. When so informed, a power project developer must apply to the Corps of Engineers for a permit to discharge dredge material or place fill in the water. The above discussions are extremely brief and, because of the site -specific nature of hydroelectric projects, probably will not answer all questions. Additional information may be obtained by contacting: Tom White, Hydropower Coordinator U.S. Army Corps of Engineers North Pacific Division P.O. BOX 2870 Portland, OR 97208 (503) 221-2088 ALASKAN PERMITS APPLICABLE TO MICRO -HYDRO INSTALLATIONS In Alaska, the number of permits required for a micro -hydro facility depends on the size of the project. The following is a list of permits from various State and Federal agencies that the Alaska micro -hydro project developer should be aware of. If there is any question about any of the permits or the permit approval process, contact Gail Green at the Anchorage Permit Information and Referral Center (PIRC), 338 Denali Street, Room 1206, Anchorage, Alaska 99501, (279- 0254). The PIRC also operates a Juneau phone number (465- 2615). The PIRC accepts collect phone calls at either number. 1. Department of Natural Resources (DNR) permits: The State of Alaska DNR has review and approval responsibilities for the following permits: o Water Rights Permits; o Dam Safety Permits; o Right -of -Way of Easement Permits; and, o Special Land Use Permits. For information, contact the: Department of Natural Resources Division of Forest, Land & Water Management 941 Dowling Street Anchorage, Alaska 99502 (349-4524) 2. Department of Fish and Game (DFG) permits: The State of Alaska DFG has review and approval responsibilities for Anadromous Fish Project Permits and Fishways Obstruction/Fish Passage Permits. For information, contact the: Department of Fish and Game 333 Raspberry Road Anchorage, Alaska 99502 (344-0541) 3. Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC) permits: Permits for the discharge of water pollutants into navigable waters may be required. For information, contact the: Department of Environmental Conservation 338 Denali Street Anchorage, Alaska 99501 (274-5527) 4. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers permits: For structures or work in or affecting navigable waters or the discharge of dredged material or fill in navigable waters, a permit may be required from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. For further information, contact the: Army Corps of Engineers P.O. BOX 7002 Anchorage, Alaska 99510 (279-4123 or 752-4742) 5. U.S. Forest Service permits: Special Use Permits from the appropriate National Forest may be required for micro -hydro projects located within National Forests or involving waters originating in National Forests. Contact the local office of the affected National Forest. 6. U.S. Bureau of Land Management (BLM) permits: Right -of -Way permits may be required from the BLM. For information, contact the: Department of the Interior Bureau of Land Management 437 E Street Anchorage, Alaska 99501 (279-0254) 7. Local or municipal permits: Micro -hydro project developers should always check with any local or municipal government serving the proposed project site to determine whether any local or municipal land use, building, flood control, or other permits may be required. ALASKAN SOURCES OF FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE There are several State of Alaska programs currently available to help finance the purchase and installation of energy conservation devices and alternative energy equipment by Alaskans. 1. The Alternate Technology and Energy Revolving Loan Fund Through this fund, the State of Alaska provides loans (of up to $10,000) at 5 percent interest for the purchase and installation of alternative energy systems, including micro -hydro facilities. The duration of repayment may not exceed 20 years. For detailed information or application forms for the Loan Program, contact the Division of Business Loans, Department of Commerce and Economic Development. Juneau: Pouch D Juneau, Alaska 99811 (465-2510) Anchorage: 201 E. 9th Avenue, Suite 103 Anchorage, Alaska 99501 (274-6693) Fairbanks: 675 7th Avenue Fairbanks, Alaska 99701 (452-8182) 2. The Residential Fuel Conservation Tax Credit The State of Alaska provides a tax credit for Alaskan residents of 10 percent of a taxpayer's expenses for residential fuel conservation capital improvements paid or accrued, subject to a maximum credit of $200. The cost of installing alternate sources of power generation such as wind, hydro -electric generators, solar, and geothermal facilities and systems is eligible for the credit. However, the credit is available only if the alternate source of energy becomes the primary source of energy for the taxpayer. For detailed information contact the Alaska Department of Revenue, Pouch S, Juneau, Alaska 99811 (465-2300). 3. The Business Energy Conservation Tax Credit A person engaged in a trade or business is allowed a State business tax credit of 35 percent for the purchase, construction and installation of an alternative energy system or an energy conservation improvement (to a maximum credit of $5,000). The alternative energy system must provide at least 10 percent of the average thermal, electrical, or mechanical energy needs of the building for which the system has been installed. For detailed information contact the Alaska Department of Revenue, Pouch S, Juneau, Alaska 99811 (465-2300). 4. The Northern Technology Grants Program The State of Alaska offers grants of up to $5,000 to develop and encourage the use of low cost, small-scale technologies appropriate to Alaska. Micro -Hydro proposals qualify under the program. For further information contact the Alaska Council on Science and Technology, Pouch AV, Juneau, Alaska 99811 (465-3510). 5. The Alaska Renewable Resources Corporation The Alaska Renewable Resources Corporation is a public corporation that promotes the development and sustained use of Alaska's renewable resources through capital investments. Contact the Alaska Renewable Resources Corporation at Box 1647, Juneau, Alaska 99802 (465-4616). ALASKAN MICRO -HYDRO VENDORS/CONSULTANTS/EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURERS Francis Soltis Alaska Wind and Water Power Co. P.O. Box G Chugiak, AK 99567 Loran Baxter 3737 Coventry Drive Anchorage, AK 99507 Lou Butera Alaska Department of Natural Resources Division of Forest, Land & Water Management 941 Dowling Street Anchorage, AK 99502 Davis Construction & Engineers P.O. Box 42360 Anchorage, AK 99509 Edward Nygard 1652 Glacier Avenue Juneau, AK 99801 Robert Swanson S and S Electric P.O. Box 10-317 Anchorage, AK 99511 Charles Zimbicki Star Route C, Box 289 Palmer, AK 99645 Ralph Hoover TCC Doyon Building 1st & Hall Street Fairbanks, AK 99509 Jay Mesplay Inlet Consulting Engineers 529 W. 76th Avenue Anchorage, AK 99502 Carl Steepy Rutherford & Associates P.O. Box 6401 Anchorage, AK 99510 Tom Humphrey Raj Bhargaua Associates 301 East Fireweed Anchorage, AK 99503 This list does not constitute endorsement by the State of Alaska or the U.S. Department of Energy. PACIFIC NORTHWEST MICRO -HYDRO VENDORS/CONSULTANTS/EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURERS Appropriate Technologies, Inc. 370 Wheeler Seattle, WA 98109 Appropriate Technologies, Inc. George Smith 255 B Street P.O. Box 1016 Idaho Falls, ID 83401 R.W. Beck 6 Associates Richard Lofgren 200 Towerr Building 7th Avenue and Olive Way Seattle, WA 98101 Boeing Engineering and Construction P.O. Box 3707 MS. 8C-12 Seattle, WA 98124 Border Electric Company Kenneth Hurley Route 1 Blaine, WA 98230 Bovay Engineers, Inc. George Wallace East 808 Sprague Avenue Spokane, WA 99202 Doug Campbell P.O. Box 587 Deming, WA 98244 Canyon Industries Daniel New 5346 Mosquito Lake Road Deming, WA 98244 Cascade Patterns George Maxfield 1309 Glenwood Drive Mt. Vernon, WA 98273 E.C.O. Systems Gilbert McGee P.O. Box 8114 Spokane, WA 99203 Center 4 Engineering 523 S. 7th Street P.O. Box, Drawer A Redmond, OR 97756 Century West Engineers P.O. Box 1174 Bend, OR 97701 CH2M Hill, Inc. R.W. Gillette 1500 114th Avenue Southeast Bellevue, WA 98004 Clean Energy Products Ed Kennell 3534 Bagley North Seattle, WA 98103 Dependable Turbines Ltd. Bob Prior 1244 Boundary Road Vancouver, B.C. V5K4T6 Douglas Water Power Co. Douglas Pegar 615 - 14th Street Oregon City, OR 97045 Energy Leaders Warren Coombs P.O. Box 5189 Salem, OR 97304 Energy Technology & Conservation Ralph Morrill & Associates, Inc. 795 SW Hanson Street Corvallis, OR 97330 Electric Equipment, Inc. Jack Witherspoon P.O. Box 542 Twin Falls, ID 83301 Engineering and Design Associates Stanley Reed 6900 SW Haines Road Tigard, OR 97223 Engineering - Science, Inc. 33638 Pacific Highway South Federal Way, WA 98003 Envirosphere Diane Trainer 10800 NE 8th Street Suite 175 Bellevue, WA 98004 Dave Faddis P.O. Box 88 Marblemount, WA 98267 Lloyd Fery 11022 Rainwater Lane SE Aumsville, OR 97325 Gordon G. Foster Box 92 Northport, WA 99157 Gordon and Cross Engineers 260 South Fifth Street Tacoma, WA 98402 Gil Hagan Box 11 Cambridge, ID 83610 Harstad Associates, Inc. 1319 Dexter Avenue North P.O. Box 9760 Seattle, WA 98109 Guy Immega Lasqueti Island British Columbia, Canada Independent Power Developers, Inc. Bill Delp Rt. 3, Box 174-H Sandpoint, ID 83864 Allen Kachelmeier 520 - 21st Bellingham, WA 98225 Roy W. Johnson 1819 12th Avenue Seattle, WA 98122 George Lemmon Box 218 Hagerman, ID 83332 LeRoy Somer, Inc. 405 W. University Drive Arlington Heights, IL 60004 Little Spokane Hydro Michael Johnson P.O. Box 82 Chattaroy, WA 99003 Roger Mackaness Rt. 1, Box 1780 Corbett, OR 97019 Vic Marks Mayne Island British Columbia, Canada VON 2JO Meinikheim Machines Felix Meinikheim P.O. Box 5 Banks, ID 83602 Mountain Energy Systems, Ltd. John Volkman Box 2327 Sun Valley, ID 83353 National Tank and Pipe Co. Steve McLaughlin P.O. Box 7 10037 Southeast Mather Road Clackamas, OR 97105 Pumps and Power, Limited P.O. Box 2048 Vancouver, British Columbia Canada Rancher's Irrigation, Inc. Paul Garff 150 Main Street Gooding, ID 83330 Red Wheel Water Works John Galloway Rt. 2, 444D Monroe, OR 97456 Schuchart and Associates Harry Hosey 9725 - 3rd Avenue Seattle, WA 98115 Short Stoppers Electric Mert Hunking Rt. 4, Box 471B Coos Bay, OR 97420 Slotta Engineering Associates, Inc Larry Slotta 1540 NW Dixon Street Corvallis, OR 97330 Small Hydro -Electric Systems and Equipment Bill Kitching 15220 SR 530 Arlington, WA 98223 Small Hydro-Electrics of Canada, Ltd. Craig Murphy Box 54 Silverton, British Columbia Canada VOG 2BO Snake River Pottery Aldrich Bowler Star Route, Box 15 Bliss, ID 83314 Tudor Engineering Co. Peter Patterson 1401 Dexter Horton Building 701 Second Avenue Seattle, WA 98104 Tom Childs and Associates 1317 Commercial Street Bellingham, WA 98225 Dale VanSchoiack P.O. Box 2176 Pasco, WA 99302 R. Lloyd Wallace Rural Route 1, Box 577 Sandpoint, ID 83864 Washington Water Research Center John Cassidy 202 Albrook Lab Washington State University Pullman, WA 99164 Westermen, Terry 6705 SW 201st Aloha, OR 97005 Wind Act Carl Rounds 274 - 3rd Avenue Stayton, OR 97383 This listing does not constitute endorsement by the State of Alaska or the U.S. Department of Energy. August 1980 FEDERAL ASSISTANCE OPPORTUNITIES FOR MICRO -HYDRO FACILITIES A. Financial Assistance for Development The Federal Government has developed programs and is developing new programs which can provide financial assistance to hydro -electric project developers and for small-scale mechanical energy systems using water power as an energy source. The following is a description of financial assistance opportunities available for micro -hydro (less than 100 kilowatt) electrical and mechanical energy system construction projects. The President's Rural Energy Initiative Program for Small Hydropower Development This Program is a multi -agency cooperative effort to provide financial assistance to stimulate the development of small hydropower projects. The Department of Energy's (DOE) Hydroelectric Resource Development Division in Washington, D.C., coordinates this Program, working closely with the Regional Offices of DOE. The DOE contact in Region X (Alaska, Idaho, Oregon, and Washington) is: Small -Scale Hydropower Program Manager U.S. Department of Energy, Region X 1992 Federal Building 915 Second Avenue Seattle, Washington 98174 (206) 442-2820 Other agencies participating in the Small Hydropower Development element of the Rural Energy Initiative Program include the Rural Electrification Administration (REA), the Farmers Home Administration (FmHA), Community Services Administration (CSA), the Urban Development Action Grant Office of the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), and the Economic Development Administration (EDA) of the Department of Commerce. All agencies participating in the Rural Energy Initiative Program have or are developing financial assistance programs to stimulate the more rapid use of potential small hydropower sites. The micro -hydro project developer should be aware, however, that these financial assistance opportunities are primarily for small hydropower projects in the 100 kw to 15,000 kw range, and for projects that would use dams which are in place at this time. In other words, the financial assistance provided through the Rural Energy Initiative, with the exception of the FmHA loan programs, is aimed at the small hydropower project developer, not the micro -hydro project developer. Because some attendees at the summer 1980 micro -hydro workshops may have interests in larger-than-100 kw projects, a limited amount of information on the Rural Energy Initiative Program opportunities is provided in an attachment. Agency contacts are also listed. 2. The DOE Appropriate Technology Small Grants Program The Appropriate Technology Small Grants Program is a regionally -managed national program offering small grants of up to $50,000 to individuals, small businesses, non-profit organizations, Indian Tribes and Alaskan Native villages and organization, educational institutions, and State and local agencies, to encourage the development, demonstration, and promotion of small-scale energy technologies. Proposals are solicited during an annual sixty-day solicitation period. In 1979, about 8 percent of all proposals in Region X involved micro -hydro facilities. Three of the forty-one proposals selected to receive grants in 1979 were micro -hydro -related. In the recently completed 1980 cycle of grant -making, over 8 percent of the 4,000 Region X applications involved micro -hydro projects. About ten percent of the 212 projects selected to -date in 1980 are micro -hydro facilities or projects. To -date, $289,000 in financial assistance for micro -hydro projects has been provided by the Region X Appropriate Technology Small Grants Program. To be placed on the mailing list to receive a Grant Application Form and associated information for the 1981 Region X Program, contact: Appropriate Technology Program Manager U.S. Department of Energy, Region X 1992 Federal Building 915 Second Avenue Seattle, Washington 98174 (206) 442-1746 The Small Business Administration (SBA) Energy Loan Program and Business Loan Programs SBA Energy and Business Loan Programs can provide direct and guaranteed loans for the purchase of, construction of, or conversion to, renewable resource energy supply systems. Applicants must be eligible small businesses, including small farms that are operated as small businesses, and meet the SBA eligibility requirements. The Energy Loan Program also provides loans for small businesses selling or manufacturing renewable energy resource - related services or equipment, including micro -hydro consulting services or equipment. A Fact Sheet describing the Energy Loan Program and the locations of Regional contacts are provided in an attachment. 4. The Farm Credit Administration Federal Land Bank Program The Farm Credit Union administers a national system of Federal Land Banks which serve farmers and rural communities. These banks operate essentially as normal commercial banks, and their loans can, and have, been made for a variety of renewable energy resource projects. Inquiries should be directed to the local Farmers Bank, or to: Ronald Olson, Director Farm Credit Administration 490 L'Enfant Plaza East Southwest Washington, D.C. 20578 (202) 755-2170 Rural Electrification Administration Special Programs Rural electrical cooperatives have received grants from the Rural Electrification Administration for projects associated with micro -hydro power planning and development. These opportunities are limited. For information contact: Harlan Severson Assistant to the Administrator Rural Electrification Administration U.S. Department of Agriculture Room 4324, South Agriculture Building Washington, D.C. 20250 (202) 447-5606 6. The National Consumer Cooperative Bank The National Co-op Bank, established by Congress in August 1978, is a unique mixed -ownership Federal Government corporation established to provide credit and technical assistance to not -for -profit cooperatives owned and controlled by their member -users. The initial capital of the Co-op Bank has been provided by purchases of Co- op Bank stock by the U.S. Treasury. It is expected that cooperatives will purchase those stocks and the Treasury will be repaid. Cooperatives which borrow from the Co-op Bank will be required to purchase stock. In this manner, the Co-op Bank will become a self- supporting institution. The Co-op Bank offers special opportunities to micro - hydro project developers with an interest in forming small user -owned electrical cooperatives serving a group of neighboring farms, ranches, homesteads, or residences, for example. Typically, Co-op Bank loans are made at market interest rates; however, if the cooperative seeking financial assistance serves low- income owner/users, special low -interest loans are made by the Co-op Bank. The Co-op Bank is authorized to spend up to ten percent of its assets on energy production cooperatives. In addition, the Co-op Bank is required. to make a "best effort" to provide at least 35 percent of all of its loans to low-income cooperatives. Local groups contemplating the formation of an energy production cooperative should assure that their program depends on locally available resources to a great degree, that the program would serve the immediate needs of the member -users, and that technologies are used which are appropriate to the particular area and situation of the cooperative. The potential cooperative members should also remember that cooperatives are business ventures, designed to provide needed services or products to members at a lower cost than traditional means. Loans from the Bank are made only to cooperatives which demonstrate cost-effective work programs, based on an adequate amount of research and planning, and a reasonable ability to meet credit requirements. For further information, contact: The National Consumer Cooperative Bank 2001 S Street Northwest Washington, D.C. 20009 Phone (Toll free) 1-800-424-2481 A brief fact sheet describing the Co-op Bank in more detail is attached. 7. Unsolicited Proposals Many Federal agencies have procedures which permit individuals, small businesses, educational institutions, governmental agencies, and non-profit organizations to apply for financial assistance without participating in a specific program. When a proposer submits a project proposal solely on his/her own initiative and not in response to a formal "request" or within the framework of a specific loan or grants program, the proposal is considered an "unsolicited proposal." The public may submit such proposals at any time of the year, often using any desired format, in the hope of attracting the interest of the appropriate Federal agency. Some Region X micro -hydro project developers or owners have had success in recent months in attaining modest amounts of financial assistance from various Headquarters Offices of the Department of Energy to carry out: public education activities, testing of unusual micro - hydro systems, or publication of user -guides for micro - hydro facilities. To submit an Unsolicited Proposal to the Department of Energy, contact the DOE Region X Appropriate Technology Program Manager and request a "Guide for the Submission of Unsolicited Proposals." For more specific information contact: Dolores Ammons Unsolicited Proposal Branch Procurement and Contracts Directorate U.S. Department of Energy Washington, D.C. 20545 (202) 376-9200 B. Financial Assistance for Inventions and Experimentation In addition to the financial assistance opportunities described previously, a number of agencies of the Federal Government have a special interest in the development of new and improved micro -hydropower -related technology and systems. Programs which have a specific interest in inventions and experimentation associated with micro -hydropower include: 1. The Department of Energy Appropriate Techology Small Grants Program Approximately one-third of Region X Appropriate Technology Small Grants have been research and technology development - related. Of the 24 micro -hydro projects funded to -date in Region X, seven are technology development -oriented. Information on this Program, including contacts, was provided on a preceding page. 2. The Department of Energy Energy -Related Inventions Program This Program provides grants and contracts to provide financial assistance to small businesses and individuals with promising energy -related inventions. Information regarding this Program is provided in an attachment. 3. The Rural Electrification Administration Engineering Innovation Program The Engineering Branch of the Electric Division of the Rural Electrification Administration conducts technical evaluations of energy -conserving inventions with agricultural applications. Hydropower use for novel purposes (water heating, pumping, etc.) or hydropower facilities of a novel design are of interest to this Office. If inventions stimulate Department of Agriculture interest, the Rural Electrification Administration may make loans to agricultural cooperatives, which, in turn, would offer the inventor funding for research, prototype testing and demonstration, and marketing. The contact for Region X is: R.J. Cantzendafner Director, Western Engineering Branch Department of Agriculture 14th Street and Independence Avenue SW Washington, D.C. 20250 (202) 447-5117 The Department of the Interior Engineering Research Program The Department of the Interior is interested in novel energy applications related to water resources development, including micro -hydropower. The Department of the Interior awards research contracts, evaluates innovations, and considers demonstration projects for financial assistance. Contact: Howard Cohan, Chief Engineering and Research Division Department of the Interior P.O. Box 25007 Denver Federal Regional Center Denver, CO 80225 (303) 234-3303 5. The Small Business Administration Energy Loan Program While these SBA loans may not typically be used to finance research and development efforts, they may be used to help small businesses market inventions related to micro -hydropower equipment, technologies, and systems. More detailed information on this Program is provided in an attachment. 6. The following laboratories of the U.S. Department of Energy have an active interest in research and development related to small and micro -hydro technology development and the environmental effects of hydropower. For information contact: Edward Alberscher Associate Director Public Relations Oak Ridge National Laboratory P.O. Box X Oak Ridge, TN 37830 (605) 483-8611 Richard Blackledge Director, Public Affairs Idaho National Engineering Lab. 550 2nd Street Idaho Falls, ID 83401 (208) 526-1317 C. Technical Assistance In addition to the sources of financial assistance described on the preceding pages, the following offer a variety of technical assistance services to micro -hydro project developers in Region X. 1. The Department of Energy Regional Office The DOE Region X Office in Seattle offers technical evaluations of proposed micro -hydro projects and systems at no charge to the public through the Appropriate Technology Program. Information on this program, including contacts, was provided on a preceding page. 2. Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) BPA provides limited technical assistance services to micro -hydro project developers (especially those interested in utility inter -tie issues and procedures). To request technical assistance from the BPA, contact: Perry Reams Bonneville Power 1002 NE Holladay P.O. Box 3621 Administration Street Portland, OR 97208 (503) 234-4458 3. Alaska Power Administration (APA) APA has an interest in and provides services associated with micro -hydropower use in Alaska. For information and/or assistance, contact: Don Shira, Chief Planning Division Alaska Power Administration P.O. Box 50 Juneau, AK 99802 (907) 586-7405 4. The Idaho Operations Office The Idaho Operations Office operates many of the Department of Energy Hydropower Programs for other units of the DOE. A staff of specialists in the areas of small and micro -hydropower operate these DOE programs and can offer the public a limited amount of technical assistance and information about hydropower development. Contact: Hydropower Program U.S. Department of Energy Idaho Operations Office 550 Second Street Idaho Falls, ID 83401 (208) 526-9180 Also, the Hydropower Program Office publishes a bimonthly Small Hydro Bulletin, which keeps those working in the small and micro -hydro subject area up-to-date on loan and grant programs, Federal Energy Regulatory Commission activities relating to hydropower, regional hydropower activities, conferences, and workshops, and the results of research and studies in all aspects of hydropower development. To get on the mailing list for this Bulletin, contact: RoseMarie Peterson Hydropower Programs EG&G Idaho, Inc. Idaho Falls, ID 83401 (208) 526-0242 Note that Ms. Peterson welcomes contributions of any news items, activities, planned meetings and conferences, or other information regarding small and micro -hydro development for possible publication in the Small Hydro Bulletin. 5. Energy Extension Service Your local Energy Extension Service agents may also be able to assist you with microhydro development. To find your nearest agent/Office, contact your State Energy Office. 6. Agricultural Extension Service Local and county agricultural extention agents and offices can often provide useful information relating to the development and/or use of micro -hydropower facilities and resources. The address and telephone number of the agent in your county are listed in your telephone directory. 7. Western Solar Utilization Network (Western SUN) Staff of the Technical Services Division of the Western SUN in Portland can provide limited technical and general assistance to micro -hydro project developers. Contact the following Western SUN staff: Lee Johnson, Director Technical Services Division Western SUN 921 Southwest Washington Street, Suite 160 Portland, OR 97205 (503) 241-1222 David Rozell, Coordinator State Solar Offices Western SUN 921 Southwest Washington Street, Suite 160 Portland, OR 97205 (503) 241-1222 D. Federal Tax Incentives Congress has provided tax incentives to encourage energy conservation and the more rapid development of renewable energy resources. These tax incentives include energy credits for individual taxpayers, investment credits for businesses using renewable resources, and various other incentives. 1. First, business tax credits are available to all eligible taxpayers, and apply to turbines, generators, powerhouses, penstocks, fish passageways, reconstruction of dams, fish ladders, and many other facilities associated with micro -hydro and small hydro installations. 2. Further, the Crude Oil Windfall Profits Tax Act of 1980 allows a special business alternative energy tax credit for investments in hydropower facilities, in addition to the normal business tax credit. The new special tax credit is available for projects where there is no existing capacity and also for those where capacity is added to existing capacity. It is available at sites using existing dams and for projects involving new or existing manmade or natural water flows (e.g., rivers, creeks, irrigation ditches, conduits, flumes, etc.) which involve no dam. 3. To determine how any of these incentives apply to your particular situation, and to obtain additional specific Federal tax information, you may wish to contact the Internal Revenue Service Office in your area. ASSISTANCE PROVIDED BY AGENCIES PARTICIPATING IN THE PRESIDENT'S RURAL ENERGY INITIATIVE FOR SMALL HYDROPOWER DEVELOPMENT m for f udies NS OFFICE What Is It? Do you — • Want to borrow up to $50,000 to study the feasibility of developing a hydroelectric project? Know of a dam on which construction was complete by April 20, 1977, and which is not being used to generate electric power? • Want to know if it might be technically and economically feasible to develop a small hydroelectric power project (more than 100 kilowatts but less than 15,000) at the dam (or to obtain licensing for a project for which there is already a favorable feasibility study)? • Want to understand the steps necessary in developing a small hydroelectric power project? whose purpose is to put more hydroelectric power on line, thus reducing our dependence on fossil fuels and other nonrenewable energy sources while Increasing our reliance on a nonpolluting and inexhaustible energy source - water. Initially the program will make loans to qualified applicants in two categories: • Loans for up to 90 percent of the cost of a study to determine the feasibility of under- taking a small hydroelectric project at an existing dam. • Loans for up to 90 percent of the cost of licensing or getting necessary approval for those applicants whose proposals are supported by favorable feasibility studies. Regulations limit the loans to a S50,000 maximum. All loans made must have a reasonable probability of being repaid. A special feature of this program is that loans may be forgiven if a project is determined not to be feasible or if construction cannot be initiated. Then you need to know more about the Department The Small Hydroelectric Program was established by of Energy's Small Hydroelectric Loan Program, Title IV, Small Hydroelectric Power Projects, of the Public Utilities Regulatory Policies Act of 1978, called the likelihood of work being completed as Title IV in this brochure. proposed. This information includes: Who Qualifies? You may, if you are a U.S. citizen. Individuals and organizations of all types may qualify. Only agencies of the federal government are specifically excluded. Your proposal will be evaluated for technical merit and you will be asked to provide financial, environmental, and administrative information so that the Department of Energy can assess the technical and economic feasibility of the project. What's Required? In order to evaluate proposals fairly, the Department of Energy has determined specific types of information that every applicant must supply. Many of the requirements apply to feasibility study and licensing loan applicants alike. All applicants must provide financial scheduling, and administrative information as on aid in determining • A list of key personnel and major contractors and consultants who are proposed to be involved in the work. • A description of the proposed schedule for completing the feasibility study or under- taking the licensing requirements, including a schedule for completion of individual major tasks. • Financial data about the applicant, about the anticipated costs of the proposal, and about how the loan would be repaid. • An explanation of the basis on which you have obtained, or plan to obtain, access to the project site, so that you can do the work and eventually operate the project. In addition, you may be asked to supply additional information to ensure fair consideration of your loan request. More details about the type and format of required information may be found in the Applicant's Information Kit, which is available from your Department of Energy regional office. See the listing in "Is More Information Available?" Specific requirements for the type of loan requested (feasibility study or licensing application) also are imposed. These requirements are summarized below. FEASIBILITY STUDY LOAN APPLICANTS — You must give a narrative description of the site. To the extent that information is available, you should describe the physical characteristics and condition of the dam or dams and any associated structures. You should describe any reservoirs that will be part of your project. You must make a preliminary estimate of power potential and average annual power generation. In order to show that your proposal appears to be economically viable, you must also identify the most likely customers for the power that would be produced and make a preliminary estimate about the selling price of power or the value of the power to the developer. The narrative must also include any other information that may aid in understanding the setting in which your project will be built, with particular attention to any potential environmental issues or problems. For example, are }here r. _ rnrp nr a+nrin nnoro.� enonjPc nrpmnt in Is More Information Available? More detailed information on the Loan Program for Small Hydroelectric Projects is available in the Applicant's Information Kit. This kit is available from the ten regional offices of the U.S. Department of Energy shown on the adjacent map. Each office has a representative for small hydroelectric projects. Representatives' names, addresses, and telephone numbers are listed in the illustration. Or you may contact A.E. Hymer, Hydroelectric Loan Program, Department of Energy, 550 Second Street, Idaho Fails, ID 83401, telephone (208) 526-9180. Licensing information is available from the regional engineers of the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission. Their names and addresses are: Aarne Kauranen, Regional Engineer Federal Energy Regulatory Commission 730 Peachtree Building, Room 500 Atlanta, GA 30308 (404) 881-4134 the area of your project? Is the dam located on a scenic river or in a wildlife preserve? LICENSING LOAN APPLICANTS — You must submit a feasibility study whose content satisfies the loan program requirements. Specific feasibility study requirements are given in the Applicant's Information Kit. Briefly, your feasibility study must verify and expand on the financial projections that feasibility loan applicants must provide, must also describe the expected configuration and capacity of your proposed hydroelectric plant, and must assess technical and economic considerations as well as the environmental impact of your project. Does The Site Have Potential? A guide for small hydroelectric development has been prepared that provides a means of doing a quick preliminary evaluation to determine if the site has sufficient potential to warrant further consideration. Bernard D. Murphy, Regional Engineer Federal Energy Regulatory Commission 31st Floor, Federal Building 290 South Dearborn Street Chicago, IL 60604 (312) 353.6171 Lenard B. Young, Regional Engineer Federal Energy Regulatory Commission 819 Taylor Street Fort Worth, TX 76101 (817) 334.2631 James D. Hebson, Regional Engineer Federal Energy Regulatory Commission 26 Federal Plaza, 22nd Floor New York, NY 10007 (242) 264-3687 Eugene Neblett, Regional Engineer Federal Energy Regulatory Commission 555 Battery Street San Francisco, CA 94111 (415) 556-3581 REGIONS AND REGIONAL OFFICES FOR THE LOAN PROGRAM FOR SMALL HYDROELECTRIC PROJECTS 10 SAN FRANCISCO 10 0 V 11, O o¢ .'9 Region 1 John DeTore U.S. Department of Energy Analex Building, Room 700 150 Causeway Street Boston, MA 02114 617-223.5287 Region 2 Wayne Belgrave/Edward Fedak U.S. Department of Energy 26 Federal Plaza, Room 3206 New York, NY 10007 212-264-4835 Region 3 Ed Gray/Joe DiBiase U.S. Department of Energy 1421 Cherry Street, 10th Floor Philadelphia, PA 19102 215-597.3606 Region 4 Charles Mierek/Bill Rankin U.S. Department of Energy 1655 Peachtree Street, NE, 8th Floor Atlanta, GA 30309 404-881-2389 DENVER e n DALLAS e KANSAS CITY Puerto Rico, Virgin Canal Zone American Samoa, Guam. Trusl Territory 01 the Pacilic Islands Region 5 Hugh Gardner/David Stein U.S. Department of Energy 175 W.Jackson Boulevard Room A-333 Chicago, IL 60604 312.353-8565 Region 6 Darrel Greenwell U.S. Department of Energy P.O. Box 35228 2626 West Mockingbird Lane Dallas, Texas 75235 214-729-7736 Region 7 Winfield Hull/Dwain Skelton U.S. Department of Energy 324 East 11th Street Kansas City, MO 64106 816-374-3116 Region 8 Clarence Council U.S. Department of Energy P.O. Box 26247 Belmar Branch 1075 South Yukon Street Lakewood, CO 80226 303-234.2472 Region 9 Region 9 John Crawford/Bill Gough U.S. Department of Energy 333 Market Street, 7th Floor San Francisco. CA 94105 415-556-7084 Region 10 Dan Betts/Bob Hackman U.S. Department of Energy 1992 Federal Building 915 Second Avenue Seattle. WA 98174 206-399-2820 RURAL ELECTRIFICATION ADMINISTRA?ION Assistance available: Loans and Loan Guarantees Eligibility requirements: (1) Project sponsor must be a cooperative, public body, or private utility. (Strong preference for co-ops or for projects supplying power to co-ops.) (2) Project would serve rural area (defined as an area not within boundaries of city, village, or borough with more than 1500 population). (3) Alternative source of electricity is not available at comparable cost. Specifications and limitations: (1) Standard interest rate on loans is (2) A 25: interest rate may be available (a) cases of extreme hardship, (b) electric systems with average fewer per mile, and 5`. . for consumer density of two or (c) plant/revenue ratio of 9 or more (distribution system plus general plant, divided by annual gross revenue excluding power cost). (3) Maximum repayment period is 35 years. (4) Guarantee covers 100` of loan. REA contact: For more information contact Mr. William Telaar, Energy Resources Engineer Power Supply, Electrical Standards Division USDA - REA 12th and Independence Avenue Washington, D.C. 20250 (202) 447-3807 REA PRESENTATION FOR SMALL HYDROELECTRIC WORKSHOPS Thomas B. Heath It is a pleasure to have this opportunity to present to you the Rural Electrification Administration Program to assist development of small hydro- electric projects. For those of you who may not be familiar with our Program, our congres- sional mandate is the furnishing of electric service in sections of rural America. During a more than 40-year history, REA has provided to the Electric Program financing assistance totalling over 30 billion dollars. This has been provided through our approximately 1000 electric utility borrowers. Of that large amount loaned, only $44,000 has been written off as bad debts. I mention these impressive figures to put into persepective what REA brings to the field covered by this workshop today. We have a long history of suc- cussfully meeting certain needs within the electric industry. We have a large number of highly successful borrowers, both large and small. We are therefore convinced that REA can provide the technical skills and the neces- sary money to assist these REA-financed systems to develop a significant number of small to combine our resources with other agencies, state and federal, for maximum effect. Any of our present borrowers are eligible to participate in our Hydro- electric Program. We can provide financing for feasibile projects in either existing dams or new dams. We are able to consider virtually any size feasi- ble project. REA will assist the prospective borrowers in applying to DOE for feasi- bility and licensing loans and will provide financing for construction of those projects shown to be feasible. We will provide guidance on permitting and licensing. We will accommodate our procedures to the greatest extent possible to those of other agencies so that an applicant will not have two procedures to follow to accomplish one purpose. For example, REA will attempt to use (consistent with its statutory duties) FERC or DOE documents and pro- cedures to meet its environmental responsibilities. We have recently furn- ished DOE our thoughts on information REA will require in a feasibility study for a porposed small hydroelectric generation project. REA will make avail- able to qualified borrowers, insured loan funds for the initiation of studies and licensing of small hydroelectric projects, and REA will utilize the in- sured/guaranteed Loan Program for any resulting project. REA has participa- ted in a memorandum of understanding among the following: the U.S. Depart- ment of Housing and Urban Development, the U.S. Department of Commerce, the U.S. Department of the Interior, the U.S. Department of Defense, the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission and the Community Services Administration. This memorandum concerned "the development of small-scale hydroelectric resources in rural areas". There is coordination and cooperation in this matter. REA is participating in a broad range of new initiatives concerning energy. REA is not limited to either small scale hydro or to existing dams, but it does appear that these type projects are likely to be the first developed. REA has participated in the identification of 43 hydro sites, with a potential electric capacity of approximately 100 MW which appear to merit feasibility studies. REA will be responsive to our borrowers' reports and will expedite loans where feasibility is demonstrated. I am sorry I could not be with you today to answer any questions you may have. So that we may reach our mutual goal of getting more supplemental energy sources "on line", please contact me as needed. Thomas B. Heath, Director Energy Management & Utilization Division U.S. Department of Agriculture Rural Electrification Administration Washington, D.C. 20250 Telephone - 202-447-6065 FARMERS HOME ADMINISTRATION Assistance available: Loan Guarantees Eligibility requirements: (1) Private organizations or public bodies' development bonds. (2) Project must improve or stabilize economic conditions. (3) Project area has less than 50,000 population and less thar 100 people per square mile. (4) Project must be owned at least 51°: by U.S. citizen(s). Specifications and limitations: (1) $50 million maximum guarantee. (2) Projects must have 10°: equity minimum. (3) Maximum repayment period is 30 years for permanent fixtures, 15 years for equipment. (4) Maximum repayment period is 40 years for community facilities. (5) Loan guarantees cannot be given for tax exempt securities. Assistance available: Loans Eligibility requirements: (1) Project sponsor may be either private or public body. Public bodies receive priority. (2) Project must improve or stabilize economic conditions. (3) Public body's project must be for community facilities, i.e., infrastructure for industrial development. (4) Project area has less than 50,000 population and less than 100 people per square mile. (5) Project must be owned at least 51`,: by U.S. citizen(s). (6) Alternative funding is not available at reasonable rates. Specifications and limitations: (1) Projects must have 100: equity minimum. (2) Interest rate for public bodies financing community facilities is 59. (3) Interest rate for private organizations is set by FmHA. (4) Maximum repayment period is 30 years for permanent fixtures, 15 years for equipment. (5) Maximum repayment period is 40 years for community facilities. (6) Very modest funding available in FY 80. FmHA contacts: —fir information and application forms, contact the local FmHA county supervisor. FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL AND MICRO - HYDROELECTRIC PROJECTS MARCH, 1980 FARMERS HOME ADMINISTRATION UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE N.W. REGION CONSISTING OF ALASKA IDAHO OREGON WASHINGTON PRESENTOR This presentation will be delivered by different Farmers Home Adminstration representatives each time. See the last page of the presentation for names of Farmers Home Administration represen- tatives. Farmers Home Administration can pro- vide financial assistance, in the form of loans, in the development of small hydroelectric projects. These loans can be made under three loan programs all of which have specific eligibilty require- ments. Following is a brief description of those loan programs: COMMUNITY FACILITY LOANS FOR HYDROELECTRIC PROJECTS The authority for Hydroelectric financing is contained in Section 306(a) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act. Hydroelectric projects would come under the general category of essen- tial community facilities. The authority for all electric and telephone facilities, however, has been specifically withheld in the Secretary's Delegation of Authority to the Farmers Home Administration. FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL AND MICRO — HYDROELECTRIC PROJECTS MARCH, 1980 Page 2 Early in November 1979, at the request of Assistant Secretary of Agriculture, Alex Mercure, a revised Delegation and Federal Register documents were prepared. That Delegation was signed by him on December 6 and forwarded for signature by Secretary Bergland. On January 9 it was returned to Farmers Home Administration with instructions to prepare an Impact Analysis Statement. We are hopeful that authority to finance Hydroelectric projects will be finalized by June 1. The revised Delegation of Authority, when it is executed, will permit Farmers Home Administration to make community facility loans at 5% interest to public bodies and nonprofit organizations for hydroelectric generating facilities. Eligible loan purposes would include the restoration of previously deactivated dams and hydroelectric genera— tors. This would also permit the construction of new facilities, as well as the repair and enlargement of existing plants. Projects must be in rural areas and towns of less than 10,000 people. Farmers Home Administration has recently conducted a general survey of low —head hydroelectric dams which are in use or have the potential to be upgraded to operating facilities. This information has been sent to the Department of Energy to assist their program planning. Who May Receive Assistance? Loans are available for public entities such as municipalities, counties, and special purpose districts. Nonprofit corporations may also receive loan assistance when adequate plans for loan payments are made. In addition, borrowers must: 1. Be unable to obtain needed funds from other sources at reason— able rates and terms. 2. Have legal authority to borrow and repay loans, to pledge security for loans, and to construct, operate, and maintain the facilities or services. 3. Be financially sound, and able to organize and manage the faci— lity effectively. 4. Base the project on taxes, assessments, revenues, fees, or other satisfactory sources of money sufficient to pay for operation, maintenance, and reserve, as well as retire the debt. 5. Be consistent with available comprehensive and other develop— ment plans for the community, and comply with Federal, State, and local laws. FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL AND MICRO - HYDROELECTRIC PROJECTS MARCH, 1980 Page 3 How May Funds Be Used? To construct, enlarge, extend, or improve fire stations, libraries, hospitals, clinics, community buildings, industrial parks, or other com- munity facilities that provide essential service to rural residents, and to pay necessary costs connected with such facilities. Borrowers may also use the money for roads, bridges, utilities, and other improvements or to acquire interest in land, leases, and rights - of -way necessary to the development of the facility. Interim commercial financing will normally be used during construc- tion, and FmHA funds will be available when the project is completed. If interim financing is not available or if the project costs less than $50,000, multiple advances of FmHA funds may be made as construction progresses. What Are The Terms? The maximum term on all loans is 40 years. However, no repayment period will exceed any statutory limitation on the organization's borrowing authority nor the useful life of the improvement or facility. What Is The Interest Rate? The interest rate is currently 5 percent on the unpaid principal. What Security Is Required? All loans will be secured to adequately protect the interest of the Government. Bonds or notes pledging taxes, assessments, or revenues will be accepted as security if they meet statutory requirements. A mortgage may also be taken on real and personal property when State laws permit. Where Will Applicants Obtain Technical Help? The Farmers Home Administration will assist the applicant in making, the first determinations regarding engineering feasibility, economic soundness, cost estimates, organizations, financing, and management matters in connection with the proposed improvements. If financing is provided, the Farmers Home Administration will make periodic inspections to see that funds are used as agree upon. FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL AND MICRO - HYDROELECTRIC PROJECTS MARCH, 1980 Page 4 When And How Is Application Made? Applications may be obtained at the local county offices of the Farmers Home Administration. Names and addresses of persons to contact in Alaska, Idaho, Oregon, and Washington are shown on the last page of this presentation. Are Grant Funds Available? Loan funds are limited. Applications should be filed early. BUSINESS AND INDUSTRIAL LOANS Business and Industrial Loans (B & I) can be guaranteed for the develop- ment of small hydroelectric projects. It is essential that the pro- posed project show the creation and/or saving of jobs in rural areas. Business and industrial loans may be made in any area outside the boundary of a city of 50,000 or more and its immediately adjacent urbanized areas with population density of more than 100 persons per square mile. Priority will be given to applications for projects in open country, rural communities, and towns of 25,000 and smaller. Farmers Home Administration assistance is provided in the form of a loan guarantee whereby the agency contracts to reimburse the lender for a maximum of 90 percent of principal and interest. Lenders are respon- sible for making and servicing qualitiy loans. Applicants apply for loans through private lenders. In some special cases where a guaranteed loan is not available, FmHA may directly make and service the loan. Who May Borrow? Any legal entity, including individuuals, public and private organi- zations, and federally recognized Indian tribal groups. HOW MAY LOAN FUNDS BE USED? The basic purposes include developing or financing business or industry, increasing employment, and controlling or abating pollution. Within this framework, uses include, but are not limited to: FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL AND MICRO - HYDROELECTRIC PROJECTS MARCH, 1980 Page 5 1. Financing business and industrial construction, conversion, acquisition, and modernization. 2. Financing purchase and development of land, easements, equip- ment, facilities, machinery, supplies, or materials, and cer- tain custom feed lots. 3. Supplying working capital. What Is The Guarantee? It is an assurance to protect the investor, and may cover up to 90 percent of the principal advanced, including protective advances, and accrued interest. The guarantee fee is 1 percent of the principal loan amount multiplied by the percent of guarantee. It is a one-time fee paid by the lender who may pass it on to the borrower. Is Collateral Required? Yes it must be of such nature that, when considered with the integrity and ability of the project management, the soundness of the project, and the applicant's prospective earnings, repayment of the loan will be reasonably assured. Must The Applicant Provide Equity? The applicant will be required to provide sufficient cash or other assets as reasonable assurance of a successful project. Ordinarily a minimum of 10 percent equity will be required. More equity may be required depending upon the credit factors. What Is The Repayment Schedule? Final maturity will not exceed: 1. 30 years for land, buildings, and permanent fixtures; 2. 15 years for machinery or equipment; or the life of the machi- nery equipment, whichever is shorter; 3. 7 years for working capital. Interest will be due at least annually after the loan is closed. OTHER CONDITIONS: 1. 50 million dollar maximum guarantee. FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL AND MICRO - HYDROELECTRIC PROJECTS MARCH, 1980 Page 6 2. Project must have 10 percent equity minimum. 3. At least 51 percent of the project must be owned by U.S. citizen(s). Interest Rate: For guaranteed loans, the interest rate will be determined between the lender and the borrower. FmHA can, under very restrictive conditions make insured loans. The interest rate would be computed on cost of Treasury borrowing plus an increment to cover administrative costs. Currently the insured interest rate is 121/2 percent. If loans are made to public bodies, nonprofit organizations and Indian Tribes to finance com- munity facilities essential to the business or industry the rate would be 5 percent. Availability Of Loan Funds Loan funds are limited. Applications should be filed early and there can be a waiting period. Where And How Are Applications Filed? Applicants should contact their local lender first. If the local lender can make the loan without a guarantee, they should do so. If a FmHA guarantee is needed, the applicant and/or local lender should contact FmHA. The names of persons to contact are shown on the last page of this presentation. AGRICULTURAL LOANS FmHA can make loans to farmers and ranchers to purchase and improve farms and ranches and to develop non -farm enterprises. Loan funds could be used to develop a micro - hydroelectric project where the electricity is used on the farm or, for a non -farm enterprise, where the generated electricity is used off the farm. The farmer could, for instance, sell the generated electricity to a local power company. This would be a non -farm enterprise. The income from the non -farm enterprise, in this FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL AND MICRO - 11YDROF.LECTRIC PROJECTS MARCH, 1980 Page 9 Names of persons to contact are on the last page of this presentation. Availability Of Loan Funds: Loan funds are extremely limited. There will usually be a waiting period for loans. Applications should be made as early as possible. The Farmers Home Administration is the credit agency of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. We provide financial assistance in the general areas of Agriculture, Housing, Community Facilities, and for Business and Industrial Development. We have a network of County and District Offices that can serve rural areas because they are located in or near the rural communities. We don't have all the answers and we cannot provide financial assistance for everything that you might want to deve- lop, but we probably know who can assist you if we can't. Our County, District, and State Office Staffs are available to help you. Questions and Inquiries should be directed to: ALASKA Jack Roderick P.O. Box 1289 Palmer, AK 99645 (907) 745-2176 Frank Muncy P.O. Box 1289 Palmer, AK 99645 (907) 745-2176 Darwin R. Betts P.O. Box 1289 Palmer, AK 99645 (907) 745-2176 State Director Chief, Business & Industry and Community Programs Chief, Farmer Programs and Rural Housing FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL AND MICRO - HYDROELECTRIC PROJECTS MARCH, 1980 Page 10 IDAHO Joe T. McCarter State Director Room 429, Federal Building 304 N. Eighth St. Boise, Idaho 83702 (208) 384-1730 Randall Johnson Chief, Community Programs Room 429, Federal Building 304 N. Eighth St. Boise, Idaho 83702 (208) 384-1730 Ray Peterson Room 429, Federal Building 304 N. Eighth St. Boise, Idaho 83702 (208) 384-1730 Chief, Business & Industry Ken Oliason Chief, Farmer Programs Room 429, Federal Building 304 N. Eighth St. Boise, Idaho 83702 (208) 384-1730 OREGON Kenneth K. Keudell Federal Building, Room 1590 1220 SW Third Ave. Portland, OR 97204 (503) 221-2731 Larry D. Spindler Federal Building, Room 1590 1220 SW Third Ave. Portland, OR 97204 (503) 221-2731 Bud Fischer Federal Building, Room 1590 1220 SW Third Ave. Portland, OR 97204 (503) 221-2731 State Director Chief, Community Programs Chief, Business & Industry FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL AND MICRO - HYDROELECTRIC PROJECTS MARCH, 1980 Page 11 William N. Young Federal Building, Room 1590 1220 SW Third Ave. Portland, OR 97204 (503) 221-2731 WASHINGTON Keith Sattler 301 Yakima St., Room 319 Wenatchee, WA 98801 (509) 663-4353 John L. Wilson 301 Yakima St., Room 319 Wenatchee, WA 98801 (509) 663-4353 Martin E. Wold 301 Yakima St., Room 319 Wenatchee, WA 98801 (509) 663-4353 Ray L. Toll 301 Yakima St., Room 319 Wenatchee, WA 98801 (509) 663-4353 Chief, Farmer Programs State Director Chief, Community Programs Chief, Business & Industry Chief, Farmer Programs HDUSING AND UREA'; DE1'ELODMEr` Assistance available: Grants Eligibility requirements: (1) Project located in community designated "distressed" by HUD. (2) Project would revitalize the city's economic base or reclaim deteriorated neighborhoods. (3) Project must have private, state, or local funding. Specifications and limitations: (1) Private funding should be at least 2.5 times the HUD grant. (2) 5400 rrillion available annually through 1980. SID^ rillion reserved for small cities, i.e., under 50,000 population and not central city of SMSA. (3) Grant applicant must be municipality or urban county, which passes grant funds to the developer. (�) Awards are made quarterly. U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT URBAN DEVELOPMENT ACTION GRANT PROGRAM NILE PAULL EDWARD MOGER In recent months, the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development has received inquiries concerning the use of Urban Development Action Grants, commonly referred to as UDAG, to stimulate energy conservation or energy supply projects that conserve or displace gas fuel. These projects are of particular interest, not only because they are in the national interest in respect to conservation of scarce fuels, but because they can be of importance to distressed urban areas in stabilizing energy costs, making such areas more attractive to commercial and industrial facilities and in helping to alleviate the hardship of escalating energy costs upon low and moderate income persons. Because these an similar projects may involve technical, financial, legal, and policy considerations different from those involved in typical manufacturing, commercial and housing projects to which UDAG funding has been dedicated to date, housing and urban development must solicit additional inforamtion as part of the application process. Otherwise, energy projects such as small hydroelectric projects shall be applied for as Dart of the nor-.ial large and small cities action grant cycles or rounds and shall be subiect to the normal JDAG procedural requirements such as citizen participation, environmental and historic, A-95. and HUD area c`fice and central office reviews. Before speaking about specific guidelines for UDAG applications on energy conservation and small nydro- electric arciects let me talk about the normal UD+G prograr so tr.at yo, will have a setter perspective a^_:ut the progra: JDAG was created under Section 119, Housing and Community Development Act of 1977, Public Law P5-128 as amended, 'he purpose of the proara.. is to assist the Beverly distressed cities and urban counties, to revitalize local economics and reclaim deteriorated neignborn000s through a combination of public and private investments and projects of maximum benefits to :ow and moderate income persons and members of minority groups. Priorit,- will be given projects with prospects of recapturing the communities financial investment for recycling in other economic development activities. The Private sector financial commPtment must oe secured by the community prior to start of a project :o be funded with action prints. Generally, -.rojects should take no more than four years to complete. No additional funding will be provided in years_ fcllowina that in wnicn a project was approved, although additional action grant funding may be available to support different projects during the 'ife of the program. Elioibie applicants are urban counties and cities, including those participating in the community development clock grant program in cooperation with urban counties, provided that they have demonstrated results in proaidino housing for low and moderate income persons and equal opportunity in housing and employment for low and moderate income persons and members of minority groups and have met minimum criteria that indicate physical and economic distress. These criteria include the age of housing stock, per capita income, population outmigration, unemployment, poverty, and job lag in retailing and manufacturing. Interested communities must request the determination of eligibility from the HUD are offices before applications can be submitted. Of each year's appropriations, at least 25. will be set aside for small communities with population fo 50,000 or under. Action grant funding is not based on formula or entitlement. Rather, funding will be based on a "reasonable balance" or residential, commercial, or industrial projects. At least lU criteria will be considered in the selection of projects for funding. The primary criterion will be the comparitive degree of physical and economic distress among all applicants. Applications will be accepted throughout the year during the first month of each quarter and awards will be announced during the last month. Funding nationally for FY '80 is $675,000,000. Urban Development Action Grant Program Page 2 This gives you a brief description of the UDAG program Now let me give you some specific guidelines as applicable to energy conservation projects. I will not go into these in-depth since we have a hand-out for you on our current guidelines. These guidelines were developed in collaboration with the Department of Energy. I previously mentioned that on energy projects we must solicit additional information as part of the application process. This additional information consists of - technical and economic feasibility studies - evidence that the project does not provide undue energy subsidies to any customer or class of customers - the ratio of scarce fuel savings to UDAG dollars requested - a description of any community -wide energy conservation plan or programs undertaken by the applicant and the relationship, if any, of the project to such plan or program. More specifically, the factors to be addressed in the technical and economicfeasibility studies for small scale hydro projects will include - the project description - a phased development plan and the financial information should include - the estimates of annual kilowatt hours of electricity produced - itemized project costs - cost per kilowatt hour of electricity produced - revenue from the electricity sold based on a market survey, letter of intent or electricity sales contract - projected rate of return over a 20-30 year period, both with and without UDAG assistance requested and - benefit to cost ratio over a 20 to 30 year period. The application should also include an environmental and legal review of the project identifying potential environmental and legal issues. We also need to know the status of all federal, state and local licensing requirements. These requirements are discussed in more detail in the hand-outs that are available to you. The hand-outs also identify people in the Department of Energy that can provide you with technical assistance. In summary, let me emphasize that the small hydra projects are of great interest to us because they may be of importance to distressed areas as well as a potential to conserve scarce fuel. However, I must point out that the primary goal of UDAG is to assist severly distressed communities with maximum benefits to low and moderate income families. All UDAG applications will be competing on a national basis and approved by our headquarters office. Therefore, we in the areas office will not be able to tell applicants haw well they may rate. However, if any community wishes to apply, they should contact the HUD area office in their jurisdiction. We will be able to inform them on their eligibility and also assist them in their applica- tion. You will note that our handout states that all questions should be directed to the central HUD UDAG staff. However, any questions that you may have, I will answer if I can, and will get the answers for you on those I cannot. This is our first workshop so, hopefully, we will learn together. HUD AREA OFFICES Anchorage Area Office/HUD ATTN: Pete McGee, CPD Division Director 334 West Fifth Avenue Anchorage, Alaska 99501 Portland Area Office/HUD ATTN: John Bonham, CPD Division Director 520 Southwest Sixth Avenue Portland, Oregon 97204 Seattle Area Office/HUD ATTN: Chuck Bickley, CPD Division Director 1321 Second Avenue, Arcade Plaza M/S 427 Seattle, Washington 98101 _ COMMUNITY SERVICES ADMINISTRATION Assistance available: Grants* and Planning Assistance** Eligibility requirements: (1) Community Action Program must be in place and must approve the project. (2) Non-profit sponsors only. (3) Project would assist low-income people. Specifications and limitations: (1) Grant would fund project director to coordinate efforts to get project development funds. (2) Planning assistance would be aimed at (a) completing applications for financial assistance to develop hydro project, (b) planning steps to be taken in retrofitting a dam, and (c) developing plan for use of hydropower output. CSA contact: For more information contact the local Community Action Agency or Community Development Corporation, or contact Mr. Dick Saul Community Services Administration Room 334 1200 - 19th Street Northwest Washington, D.C. 20EO6 (202) 632-6503 *Availability of grants will depend on unresolved Fy 80 appropriations. **Planning assistance provided through the International Science and Technology Institute, under contract to CSA. COMMUNITY SERVICES ADMINISTRATION SMALL HYDROELECTRIC DEVELOPMENT ROLF GRUEN ENERGY PROGRAM MANAGER The Community Services Administration has been involved in energy conservation programing for low-income people for over five years. The agency's involvement in the Rural Energy Initiatives is part of that continuing role to be a contributor to efforts that Can respond to the needs of low-income individuals who live in rural areas. The Community Services Administration's involvement in the Rural Hydropower Initiative will be in the areas of planning assistance and technical assistance. Availability of grants will be contingent on FY80 appropriation. In the areas of planning, the Community Services Administration intends to fund the Interrational Science and Technology Institute to provide assistance which would be directed toward: a) completing applications for financial assistance to work on hydro projects; b) Planning steps to De taken in retrofitting a dam; c) developing a local plan for use of hydropower output. .n addition, the agency plans to provide funds for local staff to coordinate efforts to get Drc ect develovie^t funds. Tne National Center for Appropriate Technology ,.'1CAT) a Comr.,;m it_e Services Ads;in7s- tration grantee, will also be coordinating and facilitating assistance in the promotion of r=-trofitting small nydroelectric dams and possible research in its output capacity. Those parties interested in the grants and planning assistance must meet the `031owinc criteria: 1. A Community Action Program must be in place and must approve the project; 2. Sponsors must be a non-profit agency; _. Project must be oriented toward assisting low-income people. yommunityServices Administration Contact: Mr. Dick Saul Community Services Admi r,i stration 1200-19th Street Northwest, Room 334 Washington, D.C. 20506 (202) 632-6503 or Mr. Rolf Gruen Community Services Administration Region X 1321 Second Avenue Seattle, Washington 98101 (206) 442-7194 ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ADMINISTRATION Assistance available: Loans and Loan Guarantees Eligibility requirements: (1) Project sponsor may be private or public, profit or non-profit operators of industrial or commercial facilities. (2) Project must be located in EDA-designated redevelopment area. (3) Project must promote economic development and create/retain jobs, either directly or indirectly. (4) Dam must be non -federally owned. (5) Project is unable to obtain financing from other sources on terms which would allow the project to be undertaken successfully. (6) Electricity from project cannot be sold to electric utility grid or to serve residential users. Specifications and limitations: (1) Guarantee covers 90`- of loan. (2) Assistance is limited to W_ of the cost of the fixed assets acquired. (3) Projects must have at least 15`: equity. (4) Maximum repayment period is 25 years. Assistance available: Grants* Eligibility requirements: (1) Project sponsors must be public bodies, Indian Tribes, or non- profit organizations. (2) Project must be located in EDA-designated redevelopment area. (3) Project must directly or indirectly improve opportunities for establishing or expanding industrial or commercial facilities or otherwise assist in job -creation. (4) Electricity from project cannot be sold to electric utility grid or to serve residential users. (5) Dam must be non -federally owned. Specifications and limitations: Maximum grant cannot exceed 500: of total project costs. •Enactment of pending legislation is required to authorize grants to hydroelectric projects. ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ADMINISTRATION PARTICIPATION IN THE LOW HEAD HYDRO INITIATIVE AGENCY SPEAKER THE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT REPRESENTATIVES FOR ALASKA CLYDE COURTNAGE FOR IDAHO AL AMES FOR OREGON TOM CURRENT FOR WASHINGTON FRANK MCCHESNEY The Economic Development Administration has committed to spend $60 million in support of the Administration's low -head hydro initiative. The Agency has signed a memorandum of understanding with eight other agencies for the three-year effort to develop up to 100 low -head dams. The first step in this undertaking is to identify and evaluate potential rural dam sites. This first step is the responsibility of the Army Corps of Engineers and the Department of Energy and is already in progress. When the assessment process is completed, EDA will participate in funding a number of these projects. The funding can be provided in several ways. The assistance may come in the form of grants, low interest direct loans, loan guarantees, or in some combination of grants and loans. The EDA commitment to the low -head hydro program was predicated on new legislation, which will expand the agency's functions and budget. The proposed budget expansion is particularly significant. The new act would establish a brand new guarantee loan program with an annual funding level of $1.8 billion. In addition, the agency's present grant program would be expanded to an annual rate of $560 million and the existing direct loan authority increased to $191 million. Other sections of the act create a new fund to sub- sidize the interest rates for certain classes of borrowers. The Administration has been forecasting that the new National Public Works and Econom- ic Development Act would emerge from the House -Senate conference committee about February 1 and be signed into law by February 15. That timetable has been delayed by other congress- ional business. Therefore, the specific EDA procedures and requirements that will be used to select individual low -head hydro projects under the new legislation have not been appro- ved. The agency selection criteria such as preferred project size, EDA regional alloca- tions, grant to loan funding mix, and investment dollar per job created will be available shortly after our legislation is signed by the President. While the criteria are not available at this time, our representative will be prepared to discuss them if Congress acts before the workshop convenes. ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT REPRESENTATIVES ALASKA Clyde Courtnage Federal Office Building and Courthouse 701 C. St. Room E 556 P. 0. Box 44 Anchorage, Alaska 99513 (907) 271-5009 IDAHO Al Ames American Reserve Bldg. 2404 Bank Drive Suite 304 Boise, Idaho 83705 (208) 334-1521 OREGON Tom Current Federal Office Bldg. Room 611 1220 S.W., 3rd Portland, Oregon 97204 (503) 221-3078 WASHINGTON Frank McChesney 915 2nd Ave. Room 1824 Seattle, Washington 98174 (206) 442-7556 SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION PROGRAMS FACT SHEET NO. 29 U.S. Small Business Administration Office of Public Communications SMALL BUSINESS SOLAR. ENERGY AND ENERGY CONSERVATION LOAN PROGRAM THE PROGRAM Small Business energy loans are available to start, continue or expand small businesses that are developing, manufacturing, selling, installing or servicing specific solar energy and energy conservation measures. Loans may also be made for engineering, architectural, consulting or other pro- fessional services connected with these specific energy measures. Energy loans are not available to firms for installing or undertaking energy conservation measures in their own plants or offices. For this pur- pose, small firms may apply under SBA's regular business loan program. ELIGIBILITY Small firms engaged in the following energy production or conservation activities are eligible: - Solar energy production. - Solar thermal energy equipment. - Photovoltaic cells and related equipment.. - Hydroelectric power equipment. - Wind energy conversion equipment. - Equipment primarily used to produce energy from wood, biological waste, grain, or other biomass sources. - Equipment for industrial cogeneration of energy, heating, or production of energy for industrial waste. - Products or services using devices that will increase the energy efficiency of existing equipment, or im- prove operation of systems that use fossil fuels and are on the Energy Conservation Measures List of the Secretary of Energy or approved by SBA upon evidence of enerqy savings. These primarily include insulation procedures, and procedures concerned with heating, cooling, and lighting in residential, commercial and industrial buildings. USE OF PROCEEDS Proceeds of these loans may be used to purchase land for plant construction, for buildings, machinery, equipment, furniture, fixtures, facilities, supplies, materials, or working capital. Ge;iArally, energy loan funds cannot be used for research and development, tinder special circumstances, however, up to 30 percent of a loan may be apm ove, for such purposes. AMOUNT, TERMS AND INTEREST RATES Direct, or SBA share of immediate participation loans may not exceed $350,000. Loans under the SBA/bank guaranty program may not exceed $500,000 or 90 percent of the total loan, whichever is less. Repayment period is a maximum of 15 years and interest rates are the same as for regular business loans. A direct loan cannot be made if an immediate participation loan is available and an immediate participation loan cannot be made if a guaranteed loan is available. The maximum size of a loan available to any one borrower will include all other SBA business (but not disaster) loans outstanding with the applicant and all its affiliates. COLLATERAL Although there are no statutory requirements with security for these loans, an applicant must pledge available and give such personal guarantees as may pledge collateral when available may be sufficient REQUIREMENTS FOR LOAN APPROVAL respect to collateral or whatever collateral is be required. Refusal to reason for decline. Loans must be sound enough to reasonably assure repayment, but may have a greater acceptable risk than SBA's regular business loans. Since greater risk is associated with these loans, more emphasis is placed on the technical validity of the product or process; the technical qualifications of the applicant's principals and employees; the quality of the product or service; and the financial status of the firm. Loan funds must not be otherwise available on reasonable terms. HOW TO APPLY Contact your bank or the nearest SBA field office. Issued by: Office of Public Communications FACT SHEET NO. 29 JANUARY 1980 $9.030 SMALL BUSINESS ENERGY LOANS FEDERAL AGENCY: SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION AUTHORIZATION: Small Business Act, as amended, Section 7(1), Public Law 95-315, 15 U.S.C. 636 OBJECTIVES: To assist small business concerns to finance plant con- struction, expansion, conversion, or startup; and the acquisition of equipment facilities, machinery, supplies or materials to enable such concerns to manufacture, design, market, install or service specific energy measures. TYPES OF ASSISTANCE: Direct Loans; Guarsnteed/Insured Loans. Up to 15 years for repayment S350,000 limit os direct loans, SSW,000 or 90 percent limit oo guaranteed loans. Cash working capital limited to 25 percent of loan total. Research and development expenses lim. Ited to 30 percent of loan total. Any combination of cash working capital and R&D expenses cannot exceed 30 percent of loan total. Internal rate for direct sat by statute. Interest rates same as for 7(a) loans. ELIGIBILITY REQUIREMENTS: Applicant Eligibility: Must be a small business concern as described in SBA regulations. Most furnish evidence of being engaged in an eligible energy measure. State, local government not eligible. Beneficiary Eligibility: Same as Applicant Eligibility. Credentials/Documentation: Balance sheets, income statements, col- lateral schedule, use of proceeds, income projections are needed to support repayment ability and security of loan. Personal guaranty tray be required, therefore personal financial statements anc neces- Stu APPLICATION AND AWARD PROCESS: Preapplieation Coordination: Preapplication interviews are held to ac- quaint applicant with program and establish general eligibility and creditability. Discussions as to procedures and steps which should be taken to obtain fantnc,al assistance are undertaken. Application Procedure: Applications are filed with nearest SBA field office on SBA Form 4 provided for this purpose. Award Procedure: Applicant is notified of approval by authorization letter from SBA District Office. Deadlines: None. Range of Approval/Disapprova) Time: 3 to 90 days depending on type ofloan. Appeals: Frequent for reconsideration of a declined application may be made within 6 months of last agency action number. A new ap- plication is required. Renewals: Not applicable. ASSISTANCE CONSIDERATIONS: Formula and Matching Requirements: Not applicable. Length and Time Phasing of Assistance: Not applicable. POST ASSISTANCE REQUIREMENTS: Reports: Semi -Annual and Annual Financial Statement. Audits: Not applicable. Records: Not applicable. FINANCIAL INFORMATION: Account Identification: 73-415440-3-376. Obligations: FY 78 SO; FY 79 est $5.000,000 (Direct), $1,000,000 (Guarantee); and FY 80 est $15,5W,000 (Direct) $33,5W,000 (Guarantee). Range and Average of Financial Assistance: Information not yet avail- able. PROGRAM ACCOMPLISHMENTS: Program implemented in Janu- ary 4, 1979, information not yet available. REGULATIONS, GUIDELINES, AND LITERATURE: SBA Rules & Regulations. INFORMATION CONTACTS: Regional or Local Office: Initial contact should be with the district offices listed in Appendix IV of the Catalog. Headquarters office: Office of Financing, Small Business Adminis- tration 1441 L St., N.W. Washington, DC 20416. Telephone (202) 653-6570. Contact: Glenn John. RELATED PROGRAMS: 11.301, Economic Development - Business Development Assistance; 59.003, Economic Opportunity Lorams for Small Businesses; 59.012, Small Business Loans. EXAMPLES OF FUNDED PROJEC`rS: Not applicable. CRITERIA FOR SELECTING PROPOSALS: Not applicable. SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION REGIONAL OFFICE Region to (Alaska, Idaho, Oregon, Washington) 710 2nd Ave., 5th Floor Dexter Horton Bldg. Seattle, WA 98104 (206) M2-011I DISTRICT OFFICES Radon 10 1016 West 6th Ave., Suite 2W Anchorage Legal Center Anchorage, AK 99501 (907) 272-5561 503 3d Ave. Fairbanbs, AK 99701 (907) 452-5561 216 North lith St, Room 408 Boise, ID 83701 (208) 342-2711 921 Southwest Washington St. Portland, OR 97205 (503) 221-2000 Courthouse Bldg., Room 651 Spokane, WA 99210 (S09) 456-0I11 THE NATIONAL CONSUMER CO-OP BANK National Consumer Cooperative Bank 2001 S Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20009 Tvll Free: (800) 424-2461 '71` e Congress finds that user -owned cooperatives are a proven method for broadening ownership and control of the eco- nomic organizations, increasing the number of market participants, narrowing price spreads, raising the quality of goods and services available to their membership and building bridges between producers and consumers and their members and patrons. The Congress also finds that consumer and other types of self-help cooperatives have been hampered in their formation and growth by lack of access to adequate cooperative credit facilities and lack of technical assistance, Therefore, the Congress finds a need for the establishment of a National Consumer Cooperative Bank which will make available necessary financial and technical assistance to cooperative self-help endeavors as a means of strengthening the Nation's economy." Public Law 95:351 What is the National Consumer Cooperative Bank? The National Consumer Cooperative Bank (NCCB) is a major new national source of credit providing financial and technical assistance to existing and emerging con- sumer cooperatives. The NCCB consists of two parts: the Bank and the Office of Self -Help Development and Technical Assistance. The NCCB was established by an act of the 95th Congress and signed into law by Pres- ident Carter on August 20, 1978. What Will it Do? The Bank will make loans to eligible cooperatives at prevailing interest rates. Initially, the Federal govern- ment (U.S. Treasury) will provide the capital for these loans. It is authorized to invest up to $3Do million in the Bank over five years. The Bank may borrow up to ten times this amount, or $3 billion, from other capital sources. The Office of Self -Help Development and Technical Assistance will provide capital advances and technical assistance to cooperatives that are just forming or expanding, especially those that serve or include low- income members. For the first three years of opera- tion (1979-1981), the Self -Help Development Fund is authorized to receive up to $75 million from the U.S. Treasury. Where Will the NCCB be Located? The central Headquarters of the NCCB is located in Washington, D.C. As the NCCB develops, branch of- fices will be established in other parts of the country at the direction of the Board of Directors. Who is Eligible to Borrow from the NCCB? Consumer cooperatives will be eligible to borrow money from the NCCB if they: • are chartered or operated on a cooperative, not -for - profit basis; • produce or supply goods. services. or facilities for the benefit of their members as consumers: • have a voluntary, open membership policy; • observe one member, one vote principles. A corporation owned by cooperatives (wholesale or federation of cooperatives) is also eligible to borrow from the NCCB if it meets the above requirements While credit unions are not eligible to borrow from NCCB, they may be eligible to receive technical assistance if their membership is mainly low-income. How Will the NCCB Decide Who Will Receive Loans and/or Technical Assistance? The Bank will decide whether to make a loan or pro- vide technical assistance by looking at the following factors: Organizational Structure For existing cooperatives, there must be competent management which is democratically controlled by the members. A new cooperative just getting organized will be judged on the likelihood of its developing an effec- tive structure and on the experience of its leaders. The strength of membership support, education and partici- pation will also be considered. Financial Structure. A cooperative must present enough financial informa- tion to allow the Bank to decide if the loan is sound and will be fully repaid. This normally includes balance sheets, income statements, future projections, etc. New cooperatives must submit a proposed financial plan. The experience of the cooperative's leadership must also be detailed. Ability to Repay. Loan requests are analyzed to make sure there is rea- sonable certainty that the cooperative can repay the loan and still have enough working capital to operate on a sound basis. Expectation of Demand. There should be reason to believe that there will be continuing demand for the cooperative's products or services. Collateral. Collateral may be required in order to get a loan. The type and amount required depends on the strength and weakness of other credit factors. How Will the NCCB Help Eligible Organizations? Under Title I, the NCCB will make loans at prevailing market rates. It will pay close attention to how well an organization meets the eligibility criteria. The Board of Directors of the Bank must try to make sure that at least 35 percent of the loans go to: a) cooperatives with a majority of low income members, and/or b) other cooperatives, if the loan will finance products or services used primarily by low-income persons. No more than 10 percent of the loans may be made to cooperatives with products or services that are used by members who are also the primary producers. And after October 1, 1983, no more than 30 percent of the bans may be made for housing. Under Title II, the Office of Self -Help Development and Technical Assistance may provide capital advances and technical assistance to cooperatives unable to meet the loan criteria under Title I. These cooperatives are likely to: • serve low-income people • have special needs or problems or • be emerging cooperatives with no financial history. The capital advances may be provided at lower interest rates than those charged under Title I. A capital advance from the Self -Help Development Fund will not require purchase of Bank stock, as does a loan from the Bank. What Technical Assistance Will be Available? The Office of Self -Help Development and Technical Assistance will make available information and services concerning the organization, financing and manage- ment of cooperatives. One of the many important functions of the technical assistance arm of the Office will be to act as a source of information regarding existing funding and technical assistance programs available through government agencies and other organizations. This will help the NCCB to extend its resources to serve more cooperatives. It is anticipated that technical assistance will be available to all cooperatives on an ability -to -pay basis, and that those cooperatives unable to pay would still be eligible to receive technical assistance. How Does the NCCB Operate? The Board of Directors, consisting of 15 members ap- pointed by the President of the United States and con- firmed by the Senate, establishes operating policy for the Bank. The Board is charged with selecting a Presi- dent for the Bank who will be responsible for day -today management of the Bank. The Director of the Office of Self -Help Development and Technical Assistance is ap- pointed by the President of the United States, subject to Senate confirmation. Who Owns the Bank? The NCCB is a mixed -ownership government corpora- tion. The U.S. Treasury, which will provide the initial capital for the NCCB, will share the ownership of the NOCB with cooperative shareholders until the govern- ment investment is repaid. Once this happens, the NOCB will be owned and operated by the cooperative shareholders. How Will Cooperatives Assume Control of the Bank? When a loan is made by the Bank to a cooperative, the cooperative will purchase stock in the Bank as part of the loan agreement. An eligible cooperative may also purchase stock in the Bank without taking out a loan. When stock owned by cooperatives totals $3 million, three of the Board members will be replaced by mem- bers elected by cooperative shareholders. When stock owned by cooperatives totals $10 million, three more Board members will be replaced by shareholder -elected members. This process will continue until all but one Board member has been elected by shareholders. The remaining member will continue to be appointed by the President of the United States from among proprietors of small business concerns. (Information taken from National Consumer Cooperative Bank brochure.) THE DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ENERGY -RELATED INVENTIONS PROGRAM The NBS/DOE Energy -Related Inventions Program What it is and how it works U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Bureau of Standards National Engineering Laboratory U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY To Federal Nonnuclear Energy Research and De- velopment Act of 1974 (Public Law 93-577) established a comprehensive national program for research and development of all potentially beneficial energy sources and utilization technologies. This program is conducted by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). An Important part of this program is encouraging Innovation in the development of energy technology. To help DOE carry out this responsibility, the Act di- rects the National Bureau of Standards (NBS) to eval- uate all promising nonnuclear energy -related inven- tions, particularly those submitted by independent in- ventors and small companies for the purpose of ob- taining direct grants for their development from DOE. NB5 has established an Office of Energy -Related Inven- tions (GERI) to do these evaluations. This leaflet contains answers to questions most frequently asked about the program. What is the purpose of the Energy -Related Inventions Program? The purpose of the program Is to provide an op- portunity for independent inventors and small busi- nesses with promising energy -related inventions to obtain Federal assistance in developing and com- mercializing their inventions. NBS evaluates the inven- tions and recommends those considered sufficiently promising to DOE for support. DOE determines whether and how the recommended inventions should be supported and takes the necessary support action. DOE expects to support almost all NBS-recommended inventions. Although individual grant or contract awards have exceeded $100,000, the average award is for $70,000. What qualifies as an invention? A description of any new concept, device, ptod- uct, material, or industrial process may be submitted. The Invention need not be patented. The invention should be well described on paper; drawings are encouraged but need not be done pro- fessionally. Claims should be set forth clearly, point- Ing out how the invention is unique, how perform - Cover; Leonardo do Vinci's drawing of designs for windmills. once and costs are advantageous over similar Items on the market or in development, and how the inven- tion will affect national energy objectives. The basis for the claims (for example, calculations or test data) must be included. No models or samples of materials should be sub- mitted unless specifically requested during the evalua- tion. NBS will not test your invention. How do 1 know if my invention qualifies as energy -related? If use of the Invention would result in saving en- ergy, more efficient use of energy, or increasing energy supplies from nonnuclear sources, the Invention would be considered energy -related under this program; in- ventions concerned with the production or use of nuclear energy are not. If you have any doubts, sub- mit the invention for evaluation and let NBS decide. How will my invention he evaluated? First, the submission will be reviewed to deter- mine whether it is acceptable for evaluation. It will not be acceptable, for example, if it is not energy - related; if it deals with the production or use of nu- clear energy; if the description and basis for claims are not clear and complete; or if there are obvious technical flaws as in the case of perpetual motion machines. If the submission is acceptable, First -Stage evalua- tion is conducted in which brief technical opinions are obtained, usually independently, from OERI staff eval- uators, other Government scientists or engineers, or consultants or contractors outside Government. The opinions are reviewed and integrated by an OFRI staff engineer and a decision made as to the invention's potential. If the invention is rated as "promising," the Second -Stage evaluation is initiated. ("Promising" means the invention seems to be technically feasible, to have significant energy conservation or supply po- tential, and to be economically and commercially practical.) In the Second -Stage evaluation a more in-depth analysis is conducted, and a formal report prepared. If, during the Second -Stage evaluation, the finding of "promising" is confirmed, the disclosure and evalua- tion results are forwarded with a recommendation of Government support to the DOE Inventions Program Office. No testing is performed either in First- or Second -Stage evaluation. How long does evaluation take? The time will vary depending upon the subject area, the adequacy of the disclosure, as well as the volume of requests under consideration. Target proc- essing times, however, are as follows: • You should be notified by letter that your disclosure is acceptable or not acceptable within 4 weeks after .submission. • First -Stage evaluation should take from 11- 16 weeks after submission. If your invention is not accepted for Second -Stage evaluation, you will receive a letter discussing the evalu- ation results. • Second -Stage evaluation should require an additional B-16 weeks. Whether or not a recommendation is made to DOE, you will receive a letter enclosing a copy of the Second -Stage report. What occurs within DOE if my invention is recommended? Within DOE the Invention is assigned to an inven- tion coordinator within the Invention Support Division. The coordinator will ask you to submit a preliminary proposal describing the support you are seeking, in- cluding the work to be done. You will also be asked who will perform the work, how much it will cost, and what you hope to achieve as a result. The invention description and your preliminary proposal will be reviewed by those in the DOE tech- nical program most closely related to your invention. Their review will consider whether your preliminary proposal is a technically valid way of developing your invention and if the costs are reasonable and com- mensurate with the potential benefits. The invention coordinator will weigh the NOS conclusions, your preliminary proposal, the review by the DOE technical program, and the availability of funds in arriving at feasible options for supporting your invention. The coordinator will discuss these options with you, and if the decision is made to sup- port the development of your invention, will develop a statement of work in collaboration with you that de- scribes what will be done with support provided un- der the program. What type of assistance may be provided by DOE? DOE is prepared to offer one -time -only assistance. Support in each case is decided on the basis of in- dividual merit and need. The primary method of sup- port is by grant award, but assistance has included contracts and testing of the invention at one of the DOE facilities. Many of the inventions that NBS has recommended to DOE are beyond the development stage and require' assistance in market surveys or the preparation of financial or business plans. DOE may provide this type of support by a grant or through ar- rangements with non-profit technology innovation centers. DOE cannot provide funds for what is normally considered capital costs, such as for production tooling. DOE has an agreement with the Small Business Ad- ministration (SBA) that provides for the SBA to give particular attention to loan requests from inventors recommended under this program in order to meet such capital needs. Howcan I be sure the Government will respect my rights as an inventor? Government procedures for handling invention disclosures have been established to safeguard the proprietary rights of the inventors. During NBS evalua- tion, the disclosures are kept under strict control with access restricted to personnel of the Office of Energy - Related Inventions (OERO and to those selected by the Office to assist in evaluation of the disclosures. All personnel of the OERI and other government evalua- tors are required to sign statements that advise them of the procedures and 18 U.S.C. 1905, which provides for criminal penalties that may be imposed on a gov- ernment employee for unauthorized release of con- fidential information, including trade secrets. Special provisions are included in evaluation contracts that require evaluators to adhere to security provisions established by OERI. These provisions provide safe- guards against evaluators participating in an evaluation where there is or may be a conflict of interest. The government, however, cannot withhold in- formation in a disclosure when a request is made un- der the Freedom of Information Act, 5 U.S.C. 552, un- less the information comes within one of the exemp- tions specified in the Act. If, for example, a disclosure contains information that is identified as a trade secret, the information does come within the exemp- tion set out in Section (b) (4) of the Act and the re- quest will be denied. Submission to NBS for evaluation does not consti- tute public disclosure. The inventor does not lose any rights to his invention in the evaluation process. What is the DOE's patent policy regarding the rights to inventions? The DOE patent policy is geared to provide patent incentives to individual inventors and small businesses under the inventors' program. One way of supporting this policy is by DOE waiving the Govern- ment's right to title in grants for the development of NBS-evaluated inventions. A special class waiver has been established for the program to apply where individual inventors or small companies receive grants under $100,000. Requests for waivers from other sup- port recipients will be considered individually. When waivers are granted, the patent provisions do not normally include any background patent rights pro- visions. How do I submit my invention to be evalualedf To submit an energy -related invention to NBS for evaluation, write to: Office of Energy -Related Inventions National Bureau of Standards Washington, D.C. 20234 Ask for an Evaluation Request Form (NBS-1019). Fill out the form and return it with a description of your invention and the material needed to support your claims. Anyone may submit an invention to NBS and have it evaluated. There is no fee, and no obliga- tion —financial or otherwise —is incurred by the in- ventor. January 1980 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY OFFICE OF PUBLIC AFFAIRS WASHINGTON, DC 20585 DOE FACTS� ENERGY -RELATED INVENTIONS PROGRAM INTRODUCTION Where in the Federal Government can the individual inventor or small businessman obtain technical and financial assistance for his energy -related idea? There's a unique program at the U.S. Department of Energy which appropriately addresses this important need. It's called the "Energy -Related Inventions Program" and it assists the individual inventor in developing and marketing his energy -related idea. The Federal Government's role is that of technical advisor and financial backer. The Energy -Related Inventions Program is prepared to offer one-time assistance, usually amounting to one year of financial and technical backing. Assistance is negotiated directly with the inventor or small businessman. HOW DOES AN INVENTOR QUALIFY? The inventor begins by asking the National Bureau of Standards to evaluate his idea. He does this by filling out NBS Evaluation Request Form 1019 (sample copy attached) and submitting it to the Bureau. NBS examiners ask three key questions in their evaluation process: 1. Is the invention technically competent and unique? 2. Will it save a significant amount of energy or is it a new source of energy? 3. Does it have a reasonable chance of becoming a commercial success if given the appropriate governmental assistance? - MORE - - 2 - Every inventor who applies for an evaluation will get one. At this writing, NBS has evaluated 11,500 inventions. Half of these are serious candidates for recommendations to DOE. IT'S STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Every inventor wants to know whether the idea he submits to the Federal Government for evaluation will be kept confidential. The answer is an emphatic 'yes". All such material sent to the Federal evaluators is considered as "privileged correspondence" and held in strict confidence. Every person associated with the Energy -Related Inventions Program is required to sign a non -disclosure statement in which he pledges not to discuss anything concerning an inventor's idea. PATENT RIGHTS There is no requirement that an invention be patented or even patentable in order for the invention to be evaluated. The program does not get involved in the patent process. Application for and granting of patents must be worked out between the inventor and the U.S. Patent Office. The program does provide for waiving the government's right to title in inventions supported by DOE when the invention is submitted by an individaul inventor or small company. ALLOW SIX MONTHS FOR NBS EVALUATION The NBS requires about six months for the thorough evaluation of an inventor's idea. At the conclusion of a successful evaluation, NBS forwards its recommendation to DOE -- along with the inventor's original materials -- for consideration of a grant to be awarded by DOE. At this writing, 119 inventions have been referred to DOE for consideration of financial and technical assistance. WHAT HAPPENS AT DOE? The following procedures are followed at DOE: 1. The Department advises the inventor that it has received his idea and NBS's recommendations with regard to the invention. 2. DOE officials explain to the inventor the procedures the Department will follow in considering his idea for grant - and technical assistance. - MORE - - 3 - Up to the present, the DOE has awarded 57 grants or contracts. Total money awarded to date is $3,859,140. Applications have been received from inventors in every state and U.S. territory. SUCCESS STORIES A motorless garbage disposal, a solar -powered tobacco - curing barn, an insulating window shade, and a high - efficiency water heater are among the most recent ideas selected by DOE for financial assistance. The novel garbage disposal -- developed by Los Angeles engineer Donald Verley -- uses the force of faucet water to power its cutters. It's designed to use no more water than it takes to flush food waste through a conventional disposal that is powered by an electric motor. Under a $26,000 DOE grant, the developers, Piranha Products Co. of San Diego, are working on a plan to market the device. Joe W. Fowler, a Reidsville, N.C. engineer -farmer, received $54,980 in DOE funds to develop his tobacco barn that is a heavily -insulated trailer -like structure using solar energy and recycling waste heat to reduce the amount of propane gas needed for the curing process. The insulating window shade is being developed by Thomas P. Hopper, a Guilford, Conn. architect, under a $50,707 grant. The multi -layered shade fits conventional windows and rolls up tightly to fit in a small space when not in use. It has reflective surface coatings with dead air space between layers to reduce heat loss through windows in winter and to reduce the amount of heat entering in summer. The high -efficiency water heater has recently been tested in operation under a $72,000 grant to Harry E. Wood of New Orleans. Wood's heater brings the flame in direct contact with the water supply piping rather than through an intermediary heating coil. This is said to raise heat transfer efficiency to 98 percent -- 10 to 20 percent higher than"that of conventional heaters. TO SUM UP ... AND ELABORATE The Energy -Related Inventions Program -- established by 'The Federal Non -Nuclear Energy Research and Develop- ment Act of 19740 -- provides for invention evaluation by the Office of Energy -Related Inventions of the National Bureau of Standards (NBS) with successful evaluation leading to a recommendation to the U.S. Department of - MORE - - 4 - Energy for consideration of government support. The purpose of this program is to assist individual inventors and small businesses in their efforts to develop and market energy -related inventions. Within DOE, each case is decided on the basis of individual merit and need. If DOE decides to support the inventor, support can include: a grant, a contract, or direct assistance of a business or technical nature. At the conclusion of this support period, if success- ful, the inventor should be in a position to: I. Compete effectively in obtaining contracts from other sources, including existing government programs, to permit further development of the invention. 2. Assemble -- with confidence of success -- the people and capital necessary to produce and market products derived from the invention through a business enterprise in which the inventor is a major participant. 3. Negotiate mutually beneficial arrangements with an existing company that will develop the inventor's product for commercialization. WHOM TO CONTACT Persons wishing to have their inventions evaluated may write to: Office of Energy -Related Inventions, National Bureau of Standards, Washington, D.C. 20234. They should include in their letters a request for NBS Form 1019 (see sample copy attached). Further information regarding the Energy -Related Inventions Program may be obtained from the Office of Energy -Related Inventions, National Bureau of Standards, Washington, D.C. 20234. Telephone: 301/921-3694. The news media contact is DOE's Press Services Division, Office of Public Affairs, Mail Stop-8G-031, Forrestal Building, Washington, D.C. 20585, Telephone: 202/252-5806. - DOE - News Media Contact: Bob White, 202/252-5806 November 1979 OERI Copy Ne5-1019 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 1791 "Town, auwtwu or stayo..Ros FWbw VISChed'nsvua onsarosuMnn the DER l copy of this form anc other oss.-riptrve material of mvwniion to Office of Energy-Relstod Inventions Narionel Bureau of Standards Washington. D. C. 20234 Energy -Related Invention Evaluation Request /I/eoa prerf er type d/erlamreraml Name and sdoress of Inventor This box is for oNhca use only Telephone No Date ER No Gasadiouon Name and adpress of Owner, if orherent from Some Tach Category Analyst Date Telephone No Reouest a being submmed by /check wh,hl ❑ inventor ❑ owner ❑ other Name and address of Subminer. If not Inventor or owner Other /sdenrlfyl Sin Of ierrtper>r wtvplved hkvire: No. d ampAiyees/J Dish+ lssr tar. N/Nifrrotel Noof a+rployesa J gross /awl yea' The name w the of thin ewerccn is: Stage of invention dovebpthem (Check to nOicato steps corrwerad and Icahn status highest number checked wilt rndrcare mrnnr status) is Concept Defwution 1. Concept OM96opnwm 2 0 Lab. Tast 3, C3 Eng'g Design 4. ❑ Working Model i. Prototype DrAski or t B. Prototype Test 7. ❑ Production B. ❑ Limned 9. C I4odunrbn and Mktg. Eng'g. Rod./Mktg Patent Status D. C Not patentable 1. 0 Not applied for 2 ❑ Daic"un Docurnem "Fam 3. ❑►ham applied for 4. C Patent gramed IPamm Not, 1 Check the rtern below that most nearly desdnbes why you am requesting evaluation: [' 1. Iwish the U.S. Governirnm to provisos funds to suoport development of the invention or new concept. Suppon is first needed for M1 ❑ 2 Dw ic, e t a comolats. I need assistance to tirmg my invention or produm into full utilim,on. Asaistance is needed in. /chock which. ever aoWias/ Ci General Marketing Business Management ❑ Other ❑ 3. 1 on1Y desire an opinion Mat the disclosure dastsibn a tsclhmtslly valid invi mfon. This riforrnvi n is for. ❑ use in workating O use in obtaining private dwelopmem suppon ❑ other fspacdy m draclofufei 4. The Small Business Admirimman suggested I request aveluston from NBS to connection with a ban application O S. Dow fapecov, C: Yes G No Was the wlWntgn Doom described to Other agencies of the Gmemment? /lf yes. diatuss in drscfosure.i C Yes C No Mae the wM/itgn boon dfsclo{ed to any Drivels comoantaa, patent attormeyi. atc 7 //r y,a. hdam fi, in durclosare.i MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDING f have read the Program Description and Statement of Policy on pages 1 and 2 of this form. As the owner, or with the authority from the owner who is listed on Page 3, [have attached (or previously submitted) a disclosure of the identified invention for the purpose of evaluation by the National Bursa of Standards (NBS)pursuant to Section 14 of Public Law 93-577. 1 understand that to protect property rights an appropriate legend should be applied to the title page or first page of the disclosure, and that if the disclosure is so marked, the Government will consider all information that is in fact (a) trade secret or (b) commercial or financial information that is privileged or confidential, as coming within the exemption set out in 5 U.S.C. 552(b) (4). Accordingly, 1 have checked directly below, the box which is appli- cable to this disclosure. Yes No ❑ ❑ The appropriate legend has been applied to the disclosure. ❑ ❑ Please apply the appropriate legend to the previously submitted disclosure to which this request pertains, ❑ ❑ The legend is not required because the disclosure does not contain such information. i oleo understand that NBS will evaluate the invention described in the invention disclosure on the following conditions: (a) The Governirnentwill, in the evaluation process, restrict access to the disclosure to those persons, within or without the Government, who have a need for purposes of administration or evaluation and will restrict their use of disclosure information to such purposes. (b) The disclosure will not be returned and may be retained as a Government record. k► The Government may make additional copies of the disclosure if required to facilitate the review process. (d) The acceptance of the disclosure does not, in itself, imply a promise to pay, a recognition of novelty or originality, or a contractual relationship such as would render the Government liable to payfor use of the information in the disclosure. (e) The provisions of this Memorandum of Understanding shall also apply to additions to the disclosure made by me incidental to the evaluation of the disclosure. Date 64nature 6otus Printed a Typed Name (0iiwW. Business or Company A"MAenratlw, Many Aaeraay, Nrarasted Perry, ate.) 4 MICRO -HYDRO A BIBLIOGRAPHY By Beth Moore UNDER THE DIRECTION OF JOHN S. GLADWELL MAY 1979 $1.50 MICRO -HYDRO Interest in energy self-sufficiency continues to grow. In particular we at the Institute have noticed an increasing awareness of and curiosity about the practicality of very small (micro -hydro) hydroelectric develop- ments. A great deal has been written about the subject of micro -hydro. But when questions began to be asked of us, we found that there did not exist a comprehensive bibliography that we could offer. To help solve that problem and fill the void we decided to prepare this publication. We harbor no belief that this bibliography is complete. Thus we will want to update the publication in time. We therefore, request that anyone who has references that he/she feels should be included, share them with us. In the meantime, we hope this bibliography assists those interested in micro -hydro. If the Institute can be of further assistance, please let us know. WAiE R Por I DAHO John S. Gladwell Director Idaho Water Resources Research Institute University of Idaho Moscow, Idaho 83843 cl979 I. RELATED TEXTS ALTERNATIVE NATURAL ENERGY SOURCES Davis, A.J. and Schubert, R.P., (Van Nostrand Reinhold Co.), 1974, pp• 87-97. A selected chapter in the book discusses assessing stream potential, dam type and location, the water wheel and hydraulic ram. Van Nostrand Reinhold Co. $6.95 Div. of Litton Ed. Publ., Inc. 135 W. 50th St. New York, NY 10020 APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY SOURCEBOOK Darrow, K. and Pam, R., (VITA), 1976, pp• 154-163. A practical book that deals with water technology for village and small community use. VITA $4.00 3706 Rhode Island Ave. Mt. Rainier, MD 20B22 BRITISH WATERMILLS Syson, L., (B.T. Batsford), 1965, 176 pp. B.T. Batsford Ltd. 4 Fitzhardinge St. London W1H OAH England CLOUDBURST 2 Marks, V. (ed), (Cloudburst Press), 1976, 128 pp. This book is very similar to its first counterpart, Cloudburst 1, and contains 3 articles on hydraulic rams. Cloudburst Press $4.95 Dept. C-2 Mayne Island, B.C. VON 2 JO Canada 1 CLOUDBURST - A HANDBOOK OF RURAL SKILLS AND TECHNOLOGY Marks, V. (ed), (Cloudburst Press), 1977, 128 pp. A handbook that focuses on rural survival skills including the building of dams and water wheels. Cloudburst Press Dept. C-1 Mayne Island, B.C. VON 2 JO, Canada DESIGN OF SMALL DAMS $4.95 Add $.25 for handling charges Dept. of the Interior, (Government Printing Office), 1973, 816 pp. A civil engineering type text that discusses the design and construction of earth fill dams ranging in size from medium to large. Superintendent of Documents $12.65 U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402 DISCOVERING WATERMILLS Vince, J.N.T., (Shire Publications), 1970, 56pp. Shire Publications, Ltd. Cromwell House Church St. Princes Risborough Aylesbury, Bucks, HPJ7 9AJ England EARTH, WIND, SUN AND WATER: THE ENERGY ALTERNATIVES Thekaekara, M.P. (ed), (Publisher Unknown), , 103 pp. Institute of Environmental Sciences $8.00 Mt. Prospect, IL 60056 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF ENERGY Lapedes, D.N. (ed), (McGraw-Hill, Inc.), 1976, 785 pp. An excellent source book of energy information --an energy dictionary McGraw Hill New York, NY 10016 3 ENERGY BOOK M1: NATURAL SOURCES AND BACKYARD APPLICATIONS Prennis, J. (ed), (Running Press), 1975, _gyp. Running Press 38 S. 19th St. Philadelphia, PA 19103 $4.00 ENERGY BOOK R2: MORE NATURAL SOURCES AND BACKYARD APPLICATIONS Prennis, J. (ed), (Running Press), 1977, PP• Running Press 38 S. 19th St. Philadelphia, PA 19103 $9.80 ENERGY ENVIRONMENT AND BUILDING Steadman, P., (Cambridge University Press), 1975, pp. 213-220. In Chapter 12, Steadman includes a list of small hydraulic turbine manufacturers and a small scale water power bibliography. Cambridge University Press New York, NY 10016 $16.95 ENERGY FOR RURAL DEVELOPMENT: RENEWABLE RESOURCES AND ALTERNATIVE TECHNOLOGIES FOR DEVELOPING COUNTRIES National Academy of Science, (N.A.S.), 1976, 301 pp. A report issued to summarize the status of alternative energy systems tested or manufactured. Applications of hydro power are presented. Commission on International Relations Free (JH 215) National Academy of Sciences 2101 Constitution Ave., N.W. Washington, D.C. 20418 ENERGY FOR SURVIVAL, THE ALTERNATIVE TO EXTINCTION Clark, W., (Doubleday), 1974, pp. 330-340. This text introduces some very general philosophies and ideas con- cerning water power development in relation to current'alternatives. Doubleday $4.95 Garden City New York, NY 11530 ENERGY PRIMER Merrill, R. and Gage, T. (eds.), (Portola Institute), 1974, pp. 100-119. Saunders outlines a methodology for assessing stream potential and harnessing it by a variety of systems from dams and water wheels to sluices and turbines. An excellent review of water power related literature follows. Whole Earth Truck Store $5.50 558 Santa Cruz Ave. Menlo Park, CA 94025 HANDBOOK OF APPLIED HYDRAULICS Davis, C.V., (McGraw-Hill), 1952, P. An excellent text that covers all facets of applied hydraulics and focuses in on hydro power application. McGraw-Hill $23.50 New York, NY 10016 HARNESSING WATER POWER FOR HOME ENERGY McGuigan, D., (Garden Way Publishing Co.), 1978, 101 pp. This book covers all sizes, shapes and types of small scale hydro units from their mechanism to installation and operation. Garden Way Publ. Co. $4.95 Charlotte, VT 05545 HANDBOOK OF HOMEMADE POWER Mother Earth News, (Bantam Books), 1974, 367 pp. This publication contains C.D. Bassett's five -part article on hydro power originally printed in Popular Science, 1947. In addition, it contains plans for a water wheel. Mother Earth News PO Box 70 Hendersonville, NC 28739 $2.20 HOME ENERGY HOW-TO Hand, A.J., (Harper and Row), 1977, pp. 222-239. Chapter 11 discusses various hydro -electric systems and presents a good general reference list. Whole Earth Truck Store 558 Santa Cruz Ave. Menlo Park, CA 94025 HYDRO POWER $9.95 Conservation Tools and Technology, (Conservation Tools and Technology), , 72 pp. A general text intended to develop the use of micro -hydro systems in England. Conservation Tools and Technology $3.40 143 Maple Road Surbiton Surrey KT6, 40H England HYDRO POWER McKillop, A., (Wadebridge Ecological Centre), 74pp. This book contains a number of reprints of useful designs by C.D. Bassett and lightly considers legal problems encountered with developing a dam and hydro system. Wadebridge Ecological Centre t1.50 Molesworth Street Wadesbridge, Cornwall England HYDRO ELECTRIC ENGINEERING PRACTICE Brown, J.G. (ed), (Gordon and Breach), 1958, 3 volumes. These volumes are intended as a technical reference source for civil engineers. Gordon and Breach Vol. 1 $50.00 New York, NY 10016 Vol. 2 $30.00 Vol. 3 $25.00 3 HYDRO ELECTRIC HANDBOOK Craeger, W.P. and Justin, J.D., (John Wiley and Son), 1950, PP. An excellent reference book covering the subject quite thoroughly. John Wiley and Son $18.50 New York, NY 10016 HYDRO POWER ENGINEERING Doland, J.J., (Roland Press Co.), 1954, P. A general text for civil engineers. Roland Press Co. New York, NY 10016 IT'S IN YOUR POWER Diamond, S. and Lorris, P.S., (Rawson Associates Publishers, Inc.1 1978, pp. 105-119. Chapter 6 entitled "Earth and Water" presents a discussion of general information pertaining to the field. Rawson Associates Publishers, Inc. New York, NY 10017 LIVING WITH ENERGY Alves, R., (Penguin Books), 1978, P. This text contains an excellent bibliography section listing pro- fessionals, institutions, designers and agencies involved in the water power field. Penguin Books $14.95 625 Madison Ave. New York, NY 10022 NATURAL SOURCES OF POWER Ball, R.S. (Constable and Co., Ltd.), 1908, P. A text that deals specifically with wind and water power. Constable and Co., Ltd.. Price subject to 10 Orange St. change London WCZH 7EG England 4 NEW LOW-COST SOURCES OF ENERGY FOR THE HOME Clegg, P., (Garden Way Publishing), 1975, 250 pp. Garden Way Publishing Co. Paperback $6.95 Dept. EE Hardback $9.95 Charlotte, VT 05445 THE NEW UNESCO SOURCE BOOK FOR SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY UNESCO, (UNESCO), 1973, 254 pp. A book for science teachers that supplies information on how to construct a model hydraulic ram and water wheel --just for practice. UNIPUB Inc. $12.00 PO Box 433 Murray Hill Station New York, NY 10016 OTHER HOMES AND GARBAGE Leckie, J., Masters, G., Whitehouse, H., Young, L., (Sierra), 1975, 300 pp. The chapter that is oriented toward water supply discusses solar distillation of water, water wells, pumps and water purification. Whole Earth Truck Store 558 Santa Cruz Ave. Menlo Park, CA 94025 POWER FROM WATER PRACTICAL WATER POWER ENGINEERING Taylor, W.T., (Van Nostrand), 1925, P. A practical text that explains how to assess energy potential from small streams, discusses power unit site selection, and storage options (reservoir and canal) for small to medium sized under- takings. Van Nostrand Reinhold Co. 135 W. 50th St. New York, NY 10020 PRODUCING YOUR OWN POWER Stoner, C.H. (ed), (Rodale Press, Inc.), 1975, pp. 61-102. One chapter in the book dealing with small water power is essen- tially a reprint of "Low Cost Development of Small Water Power Sites"-- a VITA booklet. Whole Earth Truck Store $3.95 558 Santa Cruz Ave. Menlo Park, CA 94025 RADICAL TECHNOLOGY Boyle, G. and Harper, P. (eds.), (Pantheon Books), 1976, pp. 89-91. $9.95 A very general text that presents some interesting ideas concerning hydro power application on the pages noted above. Pantheon Books $5.95 Div. of Random House, Inc. 201 E. 50th St. New York, NY 10022 Paton, T.A.L., (Leonard Hill (Books) Limited), 1961, 210 pp. An outline of developments in water power from small scale to large hydro -electric plants of the present. Leonard Hill (Books) Limited $8.50 Eden Street London, N.W.1 England POWER PLANTS Zerban, A.H., and Nye E.P. (International Textbook Co.), 1952, gyp. Chapter 12 of this text discusses hydraulic power plants. International Textbook Co., Ltd. Price subject to change 450 Edgware Rd. London W2 1EG England SMALL SCALE POWER GENERATION United Nations, (United Nations), 1967, P. A discussion of water and wind power alternatives. United Nations New York, NY 10017 SMALL SCALE POWER SOURCES Doyle, R. and Fraenkel, P., (Intermediate Technology Publications), P. Intermediate Intermediate Technology - $18.00 Publications, Ltd. 9 King St. London WC2E 8HN England SOFT -TECH Baldwin, J. and Brand, S. (eds.), (Penguin Books), 1958, 175 pp An excellent resource book that includes information on how -to - construct and where -to -locate parts for a selected assortment of projects. Penguin Books $5.00 625 Madison Ave. New York, NY 10022 SURVIVAL SCRAPBOOK #3: ENERGY Szcelkun, (Schoken Books), 1974, 110 pp. The book focuses on various community and individual uses of small scale alternative energy. Whole Earth Truck Store $3.95 558 Santa Cruz Ave. Menlo Park, CA 94025 TREATISE ON MILLS AND MILLWORK Fairbairn, W., (Longmans, London), 1861, P. This publication discusses watermills in detail and is available through your local library. Longmans (Dorchester) Price subject to change. Friary Press Ltd. Dorchester, Dorset England VILLAGE WATER SUPPLY: ECONOMICS AND POLICY IN THE DEVELOPING WORLD Saunders, R.J. and Warford, J.J., (John Hopkins University Press), 1976, 279 pp. A discussion of the socio-economic and administrative problems associated with rural area water supply and sanitation. World Bank 1818 H. St., N.W. Washington, D.C. 20433 Paperback $6.00 Hardback $17.50 VILLAGE TECHNOLOGY HANDBOOK VITA, (VITA), 1970, pp. 1-145. Chapter 1, Water Resources, encompasses developing water resources, water lifting and transport, water storage and power to water purification. VITA $9.00 3706 Rhode Island Ave. Mt. Rainier, MD 20822 WATER POWER DEVELOPMENT - VOL. 1 Mosonyi, E., (VDR, Verlag), 1960, P. Volume 1 of this two section text, Low -Head Water Plants, includes a section on "Midget Power Plants." Hungarian Academy of Sciences Budapest, Hungary WATER SUPPLY FOR RURAL AREAS AND SMALL COMMUNITIES Wagner, E. and Lanoix, J., (World Health Organization), 1971, 327 pp. A book that informs a small community how to plan and manage a water supply system with sanitation considerations. Whole Earth Truck Store $17.60 558 Santa Cruz Ave. Menlo Park, CA 94025 WATER SUPPLY ENGINEERING Babbitt, H.E., and Doland, J.J., (McGraw-Hill), 1949, 637 pp. A general hydrologic and civil engineering text. McGraw-Hill $2.00 New York, NY 10016 A I THE WHOLE MOTHER EARTH WATER WORKS c/o Edward Barberie PO Box 104 Green Springs, WV 26722 WINDMILLS AND WATERMILLS Reynolds, J., (Praeger Publishers), 1970, 191 pp. This book examines overshot, undershot, breastshot, floating, tide and vertical -axis water wheels. Numerous applications such as grain grinding, water lifting, pumping, etc. are presented. Whole Earth Truck Store 558 Santa Cruz Ave. Menlo Park, CA 94025 YOUNG MILL-WRIGHT AND MILLER'S GUIDE $8.95 Evans, 0., (Technology and Society Services, 1870), reprinted 1972, 400 pp. A classic book written in 1870 that is oriented toward the use of water wheels for such things as grinding and equipment operation. Different types of wheels are discussed, as well as mechanism and construction. Metastasis PO Box 128 Marblemount WA 98267 $21.00 II. PERIODICALS, PAMPHLETS, BOOKLETS AND CIRCULARS B.Y.S. CROSS -FLOW TURBINES Adam, C., (N.I.O.C. and S.A.T.A.), 1974, 51 pp. A technical paper illustrating how to construct cross -flow turbines in the 10 to 40 kw range. Clemens Adams $10.00 9320 Arbon Switzerland ELECTRICITY FOR THE FARM Anderson, F., (Macmillan Co.), 1915, P. A good, general article for those who want to produce inex- pensive power via the water wheel with a DC generator. A WOODEN OVERSHOT WHEEL Bass, G., In Cloudburst -A Handbook of Rural Skills and Technology, Marks, V. (ad), (Cloudburst Press), 1977. F. 64-68. Cloudburst Press 85 S. Washington St. Seattle, WA 98104 BUILDING ON OVERSHOT WHEEL Bassett, C.D., (Reprint in Mother Earth News), March, 1972, pp. 28-31. Mother Earth News PO Box 70 Hendersonville, NC 28739 DAMS TURN WATER INTO KILOWATTS Bassett, C.D., (Popular Science), June, 1947, pp. 202-203. WATER WHEEL DELIVERIES OVER 3 H.P. Bassett, C.D., (Popular Science), July, 1947, pp. 194-197. YOUR OWN WATER POWERPLANT-PART 1 and PART 2 Bassett, C.D., (Popular Science), Part 1: April, 1947, pp. 186-189, Part 2: May, 1947, pp. 180-184. SMALL EARTH DAMS -CIRCULAR 467 Brown, L.N., (California Agricultural Extension), 1965, 23 pp. The circular supplies the reader with general information and practical suggestions --assuming the reader will apply this to his own interest. California Agricultural Extension Free 90 University Hall University of California Berkeley, CA 94720 POWER FROM SMALL STREAMS Crowley, C.A., (Popular Mechanics), Part 1: September, 1970, pp. 466-473, Part 2: October, 1970, pp. 626-630. ELECTRIC LIGHT AND POWER FROM SMALL STREAMS Daniels, A.M., (U.S.D.A. Yearbook), 1920, pp. 221-223. U.S.D.A. Washington, D.C. 20250 POWER FOR THE FARM FROM SMALL STREAMS Daniels, A.M., (U.S.D.A.), 1925, P. U.S.D.A. Washington, D.C. 20250 KILOWATT COUNTER Friend, Gil, (A.S.E., No. 19), December, 1975, -Pp. A consumer's guide to energy concepts, quantities and uses. A.S.E. $2.00 Rt. 2, Box 90A Milaca, MN 56353 A WOODEN OVERSHOT WHEEL Gilmoun, D., In Cloudburst -A Handbook of Rural Skills and Technology, Marks, V., (ed), (Cloudburst Press), 1977, pp. 69-74. Cloudburst Press 85 S. Washington St. Seattle, WA 98104 CROSSFLOW TURBINE Haimerl, L.A., (In Water Power), January, 1960, _gyp Ossenberger-Turbinen fabrik F.W.E. Stapenhorst 285 Labrosse Ave. Point Claire, Quebec H9R IA3 Canada THE VILLAGE MILL IN EARLY NEW ENGLAND Hamilton, E.P., (Sturbridge Village Books), 1964, 23 pp. A charming booklet that recreates the history and use of old watermills through photos and drawings. Sturbridge Village Books $ .23 Sturbridge, MA 01566 7 I3 LOW-COST DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL WATER POWER SITES Hamm, H.W., (VITA), 1975, 43 pp• This booklet provides guidelines for assessing individual power needs and available power potential, as well as, plant location, selection, construction and installation. A detailed set of instructions is included for constructing a Michell type reaction turbine. VITA $2.00 3706 Rhode Island Ave. Mt. Rainier, MD 20822 POWER DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL STREAMS Harris and Rice, (Rodney Hunt Machine Co.), 1920, P. Rodney Hunt Machine Co. Orange, MA 01364 HINTS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL WATER-POWER-LEFFEL PAMPHLET "A" James Leffel and Co., (James Leffel and Co.), , 8pp. A pamphlet that presents the information necessary for people to assess their streams' energy potential. The James Leffel and Co. 426 East St. Springfield, OH 45501 Free HYDROELELTRIC POWER FROM A HOPPES HYDROELECTRIC UNIT -BULLETIN H-49 James Leffel and Co., (James Leffel and Co.), _, gyp. The James Leffel and Co. 426 East St. Springfield, OH 45501 TURBINE WATER WHEELS -BULLETIN 36 James Leffel and Co., (James Leffel and Co.), _, _gyp. The James Leffel and Co. 426 East St. Springfield, OH 45501 HYDRAULIC RAM FORCES WATER TO PUMP ITSELF Kaufman, A.W., (Popular Science Monthly), October, 1948, pp. 231-233. A HYDRAULIC RAM FOR VILLAGE USE Kindel, E.W., (VITA), 1970, 15 pp. This pamphlet provides a clear understanding of ram mechanism, construction, installation, adjustment and design. VITA Publications Service 3706 Rhode Island Ave. Mt. Rainier, MD 20822 $1.00 CONSTRUCTION OF MILL DAMS Leffel, J., (History of Technology Ser., Vol. 1), 1972, Reprinted from the 1881 edition. The James Leffel Company 426 East St. Springfield, OH 45501 $12.00 HAND -MADE HYDRO POWER Langhorne, H.F., (A.S.E., No. 28), October, 1977, pp. 7-11. MICRO -HYDRO: CIVIL ENGINEERING ASPECTS Mansell, D., Atkins, G. and Kiek, S., (PNG Univ. of Technology), 11 pp. This article identifies problems encountered in developing small scale water power for the engineer and layman. Problems include: low water flow calculations, construction of channels and flumes, and soil instabilities associated with earth dam construction. Don Mansell Civil Engineering Dept. PNG Univ. of Technology Box 793, Lae Papua, New Guinea HYDRAULIC RAMS Marier, D., (Alternative Sources of Energy, No. 1), This article presents a general and interesting discussion of the topic. MEASURING WATER FLOW Marier, D., (A.S.E., No. 1), July, 1971, pp. 8-10. A.S.E. Rt. 2, Box 90A Milaca, MN 56353 THE MICHELL TURBINE Marks, V., (ed) In Cloudburst -A Handbook of Rural Skills and Technology, (Cloudburst Press), 1977, pp. 64-68. Cloudburst Press 85 S. Washington St. Seattle, WA 98104 WATER WHEEL DESIGN Marks, V., (ed) In Cloudburst -A Handbook of Rural Skills and Technology, (Cloudburst Press 19 7, pp. 7- 1. Cloudburst Press 85 S. Washington St. Seattle, WA 981G4 A DO -IT YOURSELF, AXIAL -FLOW, LOW -HEAD TURBINE Meinikheim, F.,(A.S.E., No. 28), October, 1977, pp. 4-6 A.S.E. Rt. 2, Box 90A Milaca, MN 56353 A WORKING PELTON WHEEL . Meinikheim, F., (A.S.E., No. 28), October, 1977, pp. 12-15 A.S.E. Rt. 2, Box 90A Milaca, MN 56353 FREE HEAT TURNS WONDER WHEEL Miller, H.L., (A.S.E., No. 28), October, 1977, pp. 16-17. Miller generates power from the Minto Wheel by creating a small solar temperature gradient that in turn drives the wheel. A.S.E. Rt. 2, Box 90A Milaca, MN 56353 THE BANKI_ WATER TURBINE -BULLETIN SERIES NO. 25 Mockmore, C.A. and Merryfield, F., (Oregon State College Experimental Station), 1949, 27 pp. This publication discusses the theory of the Banki turbine and provides instructions for the construction of a cross -flow runner. Bulletin Series No. 25, 1949 $ .50 School of Engineering Oregon State University 219 Covell Hall Corvallis, OR 97331 WATER POWER Oates, T., (The Mother Earth News, No. 24), 1973, pp. 62-64. This article describes how Oates installed and generated his own hydroelectric power with a sluice and water wheel system. The Mother Earth News PO Box 70 Hendersonville, NC 28739 7 10 A DESIGN MANUAL FOR WATER WHEELS Ovens, W.G., (VITA), 1975, 71 pp. This booklet outlines the selection and design of a water wheel based on specific needs. Applications are discussed at length toward the end of the booklet. An excellent water wheel reference list is disclosed in the bibliography. VITA Publication Services 3706 Rhode Island Ave. Mt. Rainier, MD 20822 $4.00 PONDS FOR WATER SUPPLY AND RECREATION; AGRICULTURE HANDBOOK NO. 387. Soil Conservation Service, (U.S. Dept. of Agriculture), _, 55 pp. This handbook supplies any interested party with basic information required to build your own earth -fill dam from assessing water needs to construction technique. Superintendent of Documents $1.25 U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402 HAND PUMPS FOR VILLAGE WELLS Spangler, C., (VITA), 1975, 14 pp. This pamphlet outlines simple, but clear design arrangements for the piston and diaphram hand pumps. VITA 3706 Rhode Island Ave. Mt. Rainier, MD 20822 $1.50 CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS, TURBINES AND PROPELLERS Spannhake, W., (M.I.T. Press), 1934, P. A highly technical article. M.I.T. Press Cambridge, MA 02142 91F:1103to21111tin"IfliK"XIM3i3X11UP Technical Service Bureau, Inc., Technical Bulletin, ( ), PP• VITA 3706 Rhode Island Ave. Mt. Rainier, MD 20822 U.S.D.A. WATER SUPPLY SOURCES FOR THE FARMSTEAD AND RURAL HOME MKMER5-BULLETIN NO. 7 U.S.D.A., (U.S.D.A.), 1975, P. U.S.D.A. Washington, D.C. 20250 1 KW RIVER GENERATOR VITA, (VITA), , P. A booklet in Village Technology Plans. VITA $ .50 3706 Rhode Island Ave. Mt. Rainier, MD 20822 USING WATER RESOURCES VITA, (VITA), 1977, 143 pp. This booklet is an excerpt from the Village Technology Handbook that deals specifically with water resource development, water lifting and transport, storage, power generation and, finally, purification. VITA 3706 Rhode Island Ave. Mt. Rainier, MD 20822 WATER TURBINES Wilson, P.M., (H.M.S.O.), 1974, P. An introductory booklet. A MANUAL ON THE HYDRAULIC RAM PUMP Watt, S.B., (Intermediate Technology Development Group), 1974, 37 pp• This booklet illustrates how to design and construct a ram pump, how to choose a location site and how to install, adjust and maintain parts. International Scholarly Book Services $3.00 PO Box 555 Forest Grove, OR 97116 FARM WATER POWER Warren, G., (U.S. Department of Agriculture), 1931, _pp. U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20403 THE OWNER -BUILT HYDROELECTRIC PLANT WATER POWER In Access Catalog, Vol. 1, No. 7, pp. 12-15. (A.S.E., No. 14), 1974, pp. 17-21. This article is reprinted from Hydraulic Engineering, 1899, and contains plenty of information for the construction of water wheels. A.S.E. $1.50 Rt. 2, Box 90A Milaca, MN 56353 WATER POWER FOR YOUR HOME (Popular Science), May, 1977, P. 11 III. MANUFACTURERS A. Hydraulic Rams and Pumps Akins Manufacturing 312 N. Hightower St. Thomaston, GA 30286 (404) 647-8941 This company introduces the Foster Hydraulic Ram that will pump water from a flowing stream up to 300 feet above itself without the use of outside power. Chu Backi Goshi Kaisha (CECOCO) PO Box 8 Ibaraki City Osaka, Japan This company produces hydraulic rams ranging in capacity from 25 to 100 litres/minute that operate with a minimum of .5 meters of water head. Green and Carter Vulcan Iron Works Kingsworthy Winchester, Hampshire England This company manufactures "Vulcan" hydraulic rams. Grundfos Pumps Corporation 2555 Clovis Ave. Clovis, CA 93612 This corporation deals in low energy water pumps. John Blake, Ltd. Box 43, Royal Works Accrington, Lancanshire BB5 5LP England The John Blake, Ltd. company manufactures nine models of the "Hydram" hydraulic ram that will pump water to heights of several feet from a head of 3.5 feet at 1.5 to 40 gallons/ minute. If the reader sends information concerning his spe- cific needs to the company, a quotation will be sent back in response. 12 O'Brouk Windmill Sales Rt. 1, 12th St. North Benton, OH 44449 (216) 584-4681 This company distributes "Davey" hydraulic rams that will pump water to an elevation 5 to 10 times the supply head at a rate of 3 to 14 gallons/minute. Costs range from $200 to $300. Rife Hydraulic Engine Mfg. Co. Box 367 Millburn, NJ 07041 This company manufactures three types of rams ranging between $300 to $3,000 in cost. Write them and they will supply you with a manual of information for $ .50. Small Hydraulic Engines PO Box 1 Greenspring, WV 26722 This company provides the design specifications for the "Greenspring" High Capacity Design Barberie Hydraulic Ram Water Pump. Information also includes instructions for proper installation and operation. Waterwonder Ram Pumps UP Mfg. Box 97A Forest City, NC 28043 This company advertises that Waterwonder Ram pumps 5000 gpd without electricity from a spring, creek or lake. An infor- mation leaflet is available for $1.00. B. Turbines AB Bofors-Nohab S-46101 Trollhatan Sweden This company offers access to hydraulic turbines and related equipment as well as technical solutions, economic informa- tion and advice for project implementation concerning hydro- power generation. Balaju Yantra Shala (P) Ltd. Balaju Katmandu, Nepal BYS manufactures 9 different small cross -flow turbines that are used primarily for driving machines in Nepal. Send one dollar for further details. Barber Hydraulic Turbines Ltd. Barber Point PO Box 340 Point Colborne, Ontario Canada L3K 5W1 Barber investigates and plans small hydro power sites, de- signs dams and is currently developing a "Mini -Hydro" unit to output 20 kw. Bell Hydroelectric 3 Leatherstocking St. Cooperstown, NY 13326 (607) 547-5260 James Bell manufactures a variety of cross -flow turbines individually or to order with outputs from 2 kw. He sup- plies a cost estimate for a given site and turbine details for $2.00. C. Dumont and Cie Pont de Ste. Uze 26240 St. Vallier Drome, France Dumont and Cie manufacture Francis, Pelton and Kaplan tur- bines with access to related equipment. Canyon Industries 5346 Mosquito Lake Rd. Deming, WA 98244 Canyon produces "Hydromite", a miniturbine that outputs 150 to 700 watts with a flow of 30 to 40 cfm and a head of 15 to 34 feet. Send $1.00 to Canyon for further details. x xxxxxxxx x Cumberland General Store Rt. 3, Box 479 Crossville, TN 38555 Cumberland is a distributor for the Leffel Hoppes unit. x xxxxxxxx x Escher Wyss Limited CH-8023 Zurich Switzerland This company just recently started manufacturing "Mini-Straflo" turbines that output from 400 kw. x xxxxxxxx x GSA Associates 223 Katonah Ave. Katonah, NY 10536 (914) 232-8165 Grover designed, manufactures and installs a new version of the Francis turbine as well as Kaplan turbines that output 3 to 25 kw. For more information, send $1.00. x xxxxxxxx x Gilbert Gilkes and Gordon Ltd. Kendal Westmorland, England This group distributes the "Hydec" impulse turbine as well as a variety of Francis and Pelton turbines to order. x xxxxxxxx x Intermediate Technology Development Group Limited 9 King St. London WC2E 8HN England This company distributes propeller turbines and Pelton Wheels with an output range from 5 to 50 kw. x x x x x x x x x x The James Leffel and Co. 426 East St. Springfield, OH 45501 Leffel has manufactured water power equipment for 110 years. Presently they manufacture turbines and "The Hoppes Unit" (a small hydro unit) as well as engineer or consult any size water power installation. x xxxxxxxx x Judd Distributing Co. 8600 Lake City Way, N.W. Seattle, WA 98115 Judd distributes water turbines with an output of up to 3 kw and range in price from $400 to $1,000. x xxxxxxxx x Jyoti Ltd. R.C. Dutt Rd. Baroda - 390 005, India Jyoti manufactures a variety of "Micro-Hydel" turbine sets with outputs from 25 to 1000 kw. x xxxxxxxx x K.G.W. Fack, S681 01 Kristinehamn, Sweden This company sells various propeller type turbines with outputs from 100 kw. x xxxxxxxx x Natural Power Inc. New Boston, NH 03070 (603) 487-2456 This group manufactures electric alternator governors. x xxxxxxxx x Niagra Water Wheels, Ltd. Box 326 Bridge Station Niagra Falls, NY 14305 (416) 744-7418 This company deals with the design, manufacturing and instal- lation of small to medium sized water power units. Their service includes production of new or rebuilt turbines. x xxxxxxxx x 13 14 Northeast Hydro Co., Inc. Main Office, Box 127 Clement Rd. Hudson, NH 03051 (603) 883-0020 This company will service repair and install small or large scale hydropower units. They have a Turbine Division and an underwater dam repair division known as "The Dam Divers". Officine Buehler Taverne Canton Ticino Switzerland This company manufactures a variety of small water turbines and governors. * R R f t f e# Ossenberger-Turbinen fabrik F.W.E. Stapenhorst 285 Labrosse Ave. Point Claire, Quebec H9R 1A3 Canada (514) 695-2044 Stapenhorst is the North American representative for Ossenberger turbines which manufacture the Michell, (Banki) cross -flow tur- bine primarily suited for a small community's use. Information is supplied freely upon request from Ossenberger-Turbinen fabrik, D-8832 Weissenberg i. Bay, PO Box 425, Bayern, Germany or their Canadian representative. Speedright Equipment Ltd. PO Box 169 Levin, New Zealand This group manufacturers a small turbine set. Woodward Governor Company 5001 N. 2nd St. Rockford, IL 61101 This company manufactures mechanical governors. C. Water wheels Alaska Wind and Water Power PO Box G Chugiak, AK 99567 (907) 688-2896 Francis Soltis' company offers engineering assistance and installation of a complete range of manufactured Pelton wheels and turbines. Send $2.00 for his brochure. Canyon Industries PO Box 2543 Bellingham, WA 98225 This group produces a propellor type water wheel that generates 12 volt D.C. power. Elektro G.m.B.H. St. Gallerstrasse 27 Winterthur, Switzerland Elektro manufactures a wide range of Pelton wheels as well as a small Francis turbine that is higher in price than the av- erage U.S. model, but of higher quality. They have no U.S. distributors. Independent Power Developers, Inc. Sandpoint, ID 59853 (208) 263-2166 Bill Delp installs complete independent power units any place and also consults. His company manufactures a small Pelton wheel and a packaged, complete system. An information packet is available for $2.00 upon request. Land and Leisure (Services) Ltd. Priory Lane St. Thomas, Launceston Cornwall, England Land and Leisure sells both Pelton wheels and propeller -type turbines as complete units or the runner by itself. Meinikheim Machines PO Box 5 Banks, ID 63602 (208) 793-2555 Felix Meinikheim custom makes Pelton wheel hydroelectric plants and electronic governors for the same. He also consults on hydro plant design and will make'parts on order. National Center for Alternative Technology Machynlleth, Powys, Wales This group sells design plans for a 10 ft. diameter wooden water wheel for $1.00 Paul Dillow 2742 Victoria Drive Alpine, CA 92001 Dillow sells design plans for aluminum water wheels from 4 to B foot diameters for $10 each. Pumps and Power, Ltd. PO Box 2048 Vancouver 6, B.C., Canada P. and P. manufactures water wheels and will accept special orders. Pumps, Pipes and Power Kingston Village Austin, NV 89310 (702) 964-2483 Although concerned with irrigation practices, this group manu- factures and installs Pelton wheels with an output of 15 kw operating under 450 feet of head. x rt � • e + � :t � x Small Hydroelectric Systems and Equipment PO Box 124 Custer, WA 98240 (206) 366-7203 William Kitching and Associates manufacture and install 3 types of Pelton wheels available as complete units, the wheels them- selves or any component part. Technical sheets are available for $5.00 per set upon request. Westward Mouldings Limited Greenhill Works Delaware Rd. Gunnislake, Cornwall England This group manufactures a variety of fiber glass water wheels that output a range of 3.6 to 5 kw and cost between $1,200 to $4,800. IV. INDEPENDENT INSTALLATIONS Eldrich Bowler Snake River Pottery Bliss, ID 83314 Bowler is self-sufficient for his trade since he installed and modified a propeller turbine. Christopher Fried Box 366, Rt. 1 Elysburg, PA 17824 Fried owns a nine acre farm with small pond and stream. He claims to have harnessed the stream's flow and is offering assistance to those installing their own hydro units. x x + + :t � . � • .t Bill Daniels Rt. 1, Box 285 Olympia, WA 98502 Daniels has generated electricity from a local spring and is using. hot water for heating greenhouses, hydroponics and as a source for residual heat. + # * * # # # 1F k rt Dave Giles Salmon River Lodge Shoup, ID 83469 Giles operates a small Pelton wheel with a 18 kw to 25 kw generator. 15 16 Gary Skeem (Portneuf River) McCammon, ID 83250 Skeem utilized fifteen feet of natural head by installing a Sampson type turbine and 25,000 watt generator. x ,tf x:t�• ��:t John C. Sargent Box 385 Duvall, WA 98019 Sargent has installed a small scale hydropower unit on his property. Charles A. Zimbicki Star Rt. C, Box 289 Palmer, AK 99645 Zimbicki built a hydraulic ram pump from plumbing fittings and has designed an undershot water wheel for a small stream. V. CONSULTANTS, PROFESSIONALS AND VOLUNTEERS OFFERING HELP Vincent Allen Associates 291 High Street Epping, Essex England This group offers consulting services for the development of small hydro power. Patrick G. Crandall 1938 S. Paumer Tucson, AZ 85713 Crandall planned to incorporate batteries in the use of turbines and water wheels. George S. Erskine Box 3060 Eureka, CA 95501 Erskine's expertise is retrofitting existing non -generating dams for hydroelectric power generation. Dan Howell Wind -Sun Energy Store 423 Avenue A Horsham, PA 19044 Howell has completed a small water power experiment in New Jersey. • :t :t • + x x ,t f rt Guy Imnega Lasqueti Island British Columbia, Canada Immega is a professional in the small hydro power field and offers his services as a consultant. Elmer. Jorgensen 1302 East N. Grand St. Springfield, IL 62701 Jorgensen claims to have a new design for hydro power gener- ation. Fluid Energy Systems, Inc. 2903 Ocean Park Blvd. Santa Monica, CA 90405 (213) 882-5062 F.E.S., Inc. is a multidisciplinary consulting firm providing engineering, managerial, financial planning and administrative consulting service to clients concerned with energy resource development and recovery. Kent D. Kieswelter 44226 S.E. 78th St. Snoqualmie, WA 98065 Kieswelter advertised his idea for a totally submerged gener- ator in Alternative Sources of Energy, August, 1977, (No. 27). Low Impact Technology 34 Martin St. South Melbourne Victoria, Australia L.I.T. deals in the alternative energy field as a consultant, distributor and installation firm. Bruce R. Montgomery Rt. 1, Box 2821 Belleview, FL 32620 Montgomery completed two science projects related to water power -- both designs have advanced to state level. Richard Olson RD 6, Box 42 Morgantown, WV 26505 Olson has experimented with adaptations of water wheels and turbines. Eric Strattsma, Manager Aero-Sun and Water Power, Co. Box 1269 Ashland, OR 97520 Strattsma may be a valuable source for new ideas. Glenn Twombly 17975 Willow Creek Rd. Occidental, CA 95465 Twombly advertises himself as an "alternative technology consultant" and is interested in the cross -application of various technologies to create new systems. VI. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION SOURCES AERO 417 Stapleton Bldg. Billings, MT 59101 A newsletter presenting information on old windmills, fifty-five gallon drums, plumbing and various other topics. Alternative Consumer Energy Society 4800 Oak Grove Dr. Pasadena, CA 91103 A guide and access to alternative energy technology, including low-cost materials and hardware, technical consulting and educa- tional facilities. e :t � � • � x � � x Alternative Energy Directory AEPCO, PO Box 26507 Albuquerque, NM 87125 A reference pamphlet for the location of booklets, catalogs, publications and hardware suppliers all related to the energy field. A.S.E. Rt. 2 Box 90A Milaca, MN 56353 A quarterly magazine that emphasizes alternative technologies for scientists, experimenters and energy conscious societies. AN ALTERNATIVE TECHNOLOGY EQUIPMENT DIRECTORY Eccli, E., ( ),.1975, P. John Roby 3703 Nassau Drive San Diego, CA 92115 Appropriate Technology Intermediate Technology Development Group 9 King St. Covent Garden London WC2E 8HN England A quarterly journal that presents problems, ideas and solutions concerning intermediate technology in developing countries. A BIBLIOGRAPHY OF LOW-COST WATER TECHNOLOGIES Bateman, G., (Intermediate Technology Development Group), 1974, 39 pp. An annotated bibliography listing references for water sources, its access, storage, transportation and treatment. International Scholarly Book Service $3.00 PO Box 555 Forest Grove, OR 97116 17 18 The Center for Environmental Research School of Architecture and Applied Arts University of Oregon Eugene, OR 97403 Attn: Steve Baker / John Reynolds A research center developing new energy technologies while test- ing and evaluating existing ones. * * * * * * * * * * COMING AROUND --SOURCE LIST OF APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY L. deMoll, (RAIN), , _pP- RAIN 2270 NW Irving St. Portland, OR 97210 ELECTRIC POWER PLANT INTERNATIONAL A yearly publication that lists the addresses of alternator and inverter manufacturers worldwide. Thismaybe available at your local library. Electric Power Plant International Cleve Road Leatherhead Surry, England Energy Probe 43 Queen's Park Crescent East $1.00 Toronto, Ontario (416) 978-7014 Canada E.P. has a good energy information library and provides contacts. ********** A DESIGN MANUAL FOR WATER WHEELS Ovens, W.G., (VITA), 1975, 71 pp. The bibliography for this booklet contains references for water wheel design, construction, use, history and materials required for home assembly. Available for a small fee. VITA 3706 Rhode Island Ave. Mt. Rainier, MD 20822 ECO-TECH, THE WHOLE EARTHER'S GUIDE TO THE ALTERNATIVE SOCIETY de Ropp, S., (Dell Publishing Co.), 1975, Dell Publishing Co. New York, NY 10017 Edmund Scientific Co. 605 Edscorp Bldg. Barrington, NJ 08007 Edmund Scientific is a resource for numerous books and various materials on alternative energy. THE ENERGY INDEX: A SELECT GUIDE TO ENERGY INFORMATION SINCE 1970 Environmental Information Center, Inc., ( ), , _---PP- Energy Reference Dept. 124 E. 39th St. New York, NY 10016 ********** ENERGY INFORMATION LOCATOR: 05 This 187 page book will help anyone locate directories, newsletter; journals, energy centers, information centers and publishers in- volved in the energy field. Environment Information Center, Inc. Energy Reference Dept. 124 E. 39th St. New York, NY 10016 ENERGY: WHO'S DOING WHAT? This free booklet contains a list of U.S. citizen groups, compa- nies and non-profit organizations involved in the energy field. Park Project on Energy Interpretation National Recreation and Park Assoc. 1601 N. Kent St. Arlington, VA 22209 Exploring Energy Choices $ .75 Energy Policy Project Ford Foundation PO Box 23212 Washington, D.C. + + + + + + + + + + Intermediate Technology Development, Ltd. 9 King St. London, WCZ 8HN England E.F. Schumaker's appropriate technology group. + + + + + + + + + + RAIN 2270 NW Irving Portland, OR 97210 "A directory of Environmental Information Research in the Pacific Northwest." - RAIN ++++++++++ SPECTRUM: AN ALTERNATIVE TECHNOLOGY EQUIPMENT DIRECTORY Eccli, E. (ed), (A.S.E.), , 64 pp. A.S.E. Rt. 2 Box 90A Milaca, MN 56353 + + + + + + + + + + TAICH News Technical Assistance Information Clearing House 200 Park Ave. So. New York, NY 10003 $2.00 A 4 page newsletter published 5 to 6 times a year providing information on worldwide agencies working on technical assis- tance and appropriate technology in developing countries. ++++++++++ Total Environmental Action Box 47 Harrisville, NH 03450 Attn: Bruce Anderson This source provides information on current energy and en- vironmental publications or workshops. ++++++++++ Tree Farm Energy, Inc. RD S3 Slippery Rock, PA 16057 A non-profit energy group that supplies various information con- cerning small hydro power systems. United Nations Environmental Programme PO Box 30552 Nairobi, Kenya This publication presents many nations' problems and solutions to earth and water resource use. ++++++++ U.S. Water Resources Council 2120 L. St., NW Washington, D.C. 20037 The official water study group that publishes volumes of material each year concerned with ongoing research and current problems in the water field. + + + + + + + + Volunteers in Technical Assistance 3706 Rhode Island Ave. Mt. Rainier, MD 20822 The title and numerous lists of worldwide publications speak for themselves. + + + + + + + + 19 N 0 T E S IDAHO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH INSTITUTE Located on the U of I campus, the Institute administers and coordinates statewide and regional programs of multidisciplinary research in water and related land resources. Studies are performed by university researchers for public and private organizations. Among the areas of research in which the Institute seeks to make contributions are: LWATER AND PEOPLE Social and economic aspects of development, preservation, recreation, health, municipal needs, wild and scenic rivers. hWATER AND AGRICULTURE Irrigation, fish farming, soil conservation, groundwater, evapotranspiration, runoff. hWATER AND ENVIRONMENT Fish and wildlife, watershed management, water quality control, erosion and sedimentation, flooding, aesthetics. LWATER AND ENERGY Hydroelectric power, cooling water requirements and uses, alternate energy sources, siting criteria. hWATER AND PUBLIC POLICY Water law, resource planning and management, water rights, public involvement, public institutions. FOR MORE INFORMATION please contact: Director Idaho Water Resources Research Institute University of Idaho Moscow, Idaho 83843 1208) 885-6429 Idaho Water Resources Research Institute VUniversityof Idaho