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Home My WebLink AboutAlaska Power Authority Kluk Wan Proposed Walker Lake Hydro Project 1988HAS 022 c.2 Alaska Power Authority Klukwan Proposed Walker Lake Hydroelectric Project Reconnaissance Findings and Recommendations 1 July 1988 ; • ·ICLUWAN PROPOSED WALKER LAlCE HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT RECONNAISSANCE FINDINGS ARD RECOMMENDATIONS DATE HAS 022 c 2 . ISSUED TO HIGHSMITH 42·222 - TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Surt111ary............................................... 1 Background...................................................... 3 E1ectrical Energy Forecasts..................................... 5 Existing Energy Use.......................................... 5 Forecasts..................................................... 6 Description of Proposed Hydroelectric Alternatives •••••••• ~ ••••••••.•.••••••.••••••••••••.••••••• 8 Financial Analysis of Hydroelectric Alternatives •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••..••••••••..••..•• 10 Conclusions and Recommendations .•••••••.•••••••.•••••.•••••.•.•• 11 Appendix A Appendix B Appendix C Addendum 3053/866/1 Optimized Diesel Concept and Cost Estimate •••••••••••.•••••..•••••••••.••••••• 12 ut; 1 i ty Costs ••••••.•••••••••••• •.• ••••••••..•••.• 15 Hydroelectric Generation ••.••••••••••••.••••••.•• 17 Ott Water Eng neers, Inc. February 1988 i Alaska TABLE OF CHARTS AND FIGURES Page Figure l Map of Klukwan/Haines Region .......................... ii Figure 2 Flow Duration Curve .....•.••.•..•••••.••••••.•..•.... 20 Table 1 -Comparison of Retail Electricity Prices .••••.••.••.••• 3 Table 2-Monthly Residential Use-1986 Data •••.•••.•.••••••.•• 6 Table 3-Walker Lake Hydro Project ••••••••••••••.•••••••••••.•• 8 Table 4-Financial Analysis of Alternatives •••••.•••••••.•••••• 10 3053/866/2 ",} - .: .. 0 .c: .. u i ... u tU ""' tU 0 c ...... .. • 0 u • • ,. tU :a -~0 .., 0 0 Q. r:-~· -0 ... • Cl • Q. j~ •fb .-'---.. __.. _; ;..__.. .... ----L -.~ .. 0 10 f '; .. ./ <C • • • 0 I .. 0 0 .. ,L • : . ~ . r~ _-:;.-"-::::-·._ ... u i .. u .. ... .. 0 .. • Q IJ .. .. :11: .. 0 .. • ,. .. <C ... • .. " ... <C • ... '0 "' • 01 • .. ' ...... -: ..::.· "';! . .! e .. \ : -~~~~-~-- ..r I ~ ' EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The community of Klukwan has expressed an interest in a hydroelectric project to supply it with a less expensive source of power at a more stable cost. This interest led to analysis of a proposed hydroelectric project at Walker Lake, eight miles west of Klukwan. The community's energy needs are presently met by diesel generators. Under contract to the Power Authority, a reconnaissance level feasibil- ity analysis was performed with three alternative configurations, each configuration with the potential to supply Klukwan alone (Option A) or to supply Klukwan and Haines (Option B). All alternatives using Op- tion A were economically infeasible. The current estimated price of electricity in Klukwan is 22 cents per kilowatt-hour (KWH), while the price in Haines is 17 cents. For the three alternatives under Option B, the costs per KWH for Haines and Klukwan are 27 cents, 30 cents and 20 cents, respectively. Consequently, only Alternative 3, Option B, at 20 cents per KWH is marginally feasible. Three major considerations not addressed in the study greatly affect the feasibility of any project at Walker Lake designed to serve the two co~m~unities with power. The first concern is whether a permit for a transmission line across the Chilkat Eagle Preserve would even be considered by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Secondly, if a permit could be obtained, the line would most likely need to be underground which waul d make the cost prohibitive. Routing the 1 i ne around the Preserve appears to be infeasible, because of the cost and the elec- trical characteristics of a long line; for example, the charging cur- rents and voltage losses are difficult to overcome when the line is connecting small loads and/or generating plants. Another potential difficulty is the time and expense of obtaining rights-of-way. A third major consideration is whether Haines Light and Power (HL&P} would purchase the power if it could be delivered. As of March 31, 1988, HL&P entered into a contract with Onsite Energy/Haines for the purchase of wood-fired, steam-generated power to meet its net power requirements. The purchase price has a base rate of 6.7527 cents per KWH, which is equal to HL&P's avoided fixed diesel generation costs and current fuel costs. The only provision within the contract allowing HL&P to purchase power from other generation sources is for purchase from generators of rated capacity less than 100 KW as required by law, or if Onsite is unable to meet HL&P's net requirements. An alternative solution for Klukwan proposed by Power Authority staff is connecting Klukwan to Haines via an intertie. As a much larger utility, HL&P can employ greater economies of scale and has the potential to provide Klukwan with a reliable, less expensive source of power than appears could be generated by the proposed hydro project. 3053/866/3 1 Before alternative solutions for supplying power to Klukwan are pursued, a firm picture of utility costs and operations must be obtained. Operating costs and revenues must be analyzed to develop a cost-based rate structure for Klukwan. The utility presently charges a flat fee to a11 consumers for electrical service, and the fee does not appear to be covering the costs of operation. Rate structures that are not respon- sive to changes in utility operating costs drain the financial resources of the utility. If Klukwan were using a cost-based rate structure, the community could also apply for Power Cost Equalization {PCE) assistance to help consumers with power costs, and to provide the utility with higher revenues to meet its operating costs. 3053/866/4 2 BACKGROUND Electrical energy needs in Klukwan are supplied by two Caterpillar diesel generators with a total installed capacity of 530 KW. Reliabil- ity has been seriously affected by lack of funds for fuel, spare parts, and rna in tenance personne 1 . No records exist of generation or fue 1 usage, and all estimates are based on numbll!rs provided by a volunteer operator. Space is available for waste heat recapture equipment; and with limited effort and expense, the power plant could be brought back into acceptable condition. Appendix A provides technical details and cost estimates for waste heat recapture installation in Klukwan. Klukwan charges a flat rate of $40.00 per month for electricity for all consumers. Power Authority staff has estimated the cost of power for Klukwan to be 22 cents per KWH. Due to the lack of reliable accounting data, the estimates are EXTREMELY rough. Except for fuel costs, the estimates are based on Power Authority experience with similar small utilities --not on accounting data from Klukwan. (See Appendix 8). The average energy generation for the community is 56,171 KWH per month. The average consumption per residential consumer in Klukwan is 1,086 KWH per month. The average cost for running the utility is $12,000 per month. Revenues from consumers add up to $2,000 per month. With a negative cash flow of $10,000 per month, the utility is not self- supporting. From Power Authority experience, twenty-two cents per KWH is an inexpen- sive electricity price for a small utility similar to Klukwan. It would not be surprising to find that after a year of financial records, the actual cost in Klukwan is much higher. For comparison, the table below lists the 1986 residential cost and total monthly generation of various small utilities around the state. TABLE 1 COMPARISON OF RETAIL ELECTRICITY PRICES Utility Tenakee Springs THREA (5 villages) Haines Yakutat Wrangell Cordova Glennallen Kodiak Klukwan Residential* Price {¢/KWH) 39.0 34.5 16.6 17.3 14.0 21.1 20.5 16.8 ???? *Alaska Electric Power Statistics, November 1987. 3053/866/5 3 Monthly * Residential Consumption {KWH) 21,667 328,000 249,250 137,000 431,250 415,000 290,000 1,578,000 56' 171 These utilities can afford to spread their costs over a much larger rate base, yet their prices are high. It is extremely doubtful that a small diesel utility with Klukwan's experience could approach their prices. Twenty-two cents per KWH for Klukwan is a conservative estimate of costs. In addition, as some of Klukwan 1 s consumers decrease their con- sumption, fixed costs will be spread over a smaller amount of electric- ity, and the cost per kilowatt-hour is likely to increase. It is ex- pected that consumers will decrease their consumption if they are charged the true costs of power in Klukwan, as it is quite a bit higher than what they are paying now. The current $40.00 charge covers only 182 KWH per month per consumer, if twenty-two cents per KWH is a correct estimate. 3053/866/6 4 ELECTRICAL ENERGY FORECASTS Historical Energy Production The only data available on historical electrical energy production in Klukwan is: Year - 1982 1983 1984 1985 Total Production Not Metered Not Metered 505,000 KWH (Estimated) 674,050 KWH (Estimated) Of the total energy production, the load variation (monthly percent of annual production) falls in the following pattern: January February March April May June 9.5% 8.1% 8. 5t; 7 .6t; 6.9% 8.4t; July August September October November December 7.5% 8.2t; 8.2t; 8.6% 8.o,; 10.7% The annual load curve is an estimate based on the annual residential load curve for Hoonah, as information is not available for Klukwan. To- tal generation is derived from comparison of the number of residents in Klukwan to the number of residents in Hoonah. Existing Energy Use Klukwan's consumers use an unusually large amount of electricity com- pared to other rural Alaska co11111unities. The utility's sales averaged 56,171 KWH per month between August 1984 and January 1985. That amount is equivalent to 1,086 KWH per customer per month. Table 2 shows the average monthly residential use for various cities in Alaska. The table shows Klukwan's electricity use to be quite high. 3053/866/7 5 TABLE 2 MONTHLY RESIDENTIAL USE • 1986 DATA Average Residential Community Utility Use (KWH) Tenakee Springs TSE 228 5 Villages THREA 473 Juneau AEL&P 1,000 (includin) electric heat Haines HL&P 480 Wrangell WML&P 460 Yakutat YPI 564 Anchorage AML&P 598 Anchorage CEA 727 Klukwan -·----1,086 {1984 data) Not all consumers use 1,000 KWH per month. The distribution in elec- tricity use is quite large. Some consumers use very little; other use an incredible amount. Consumption data betwee'n August 1984 and January 1985 shows that four of Klukwan's 55 residential consumers aver- age over 2,500 KWH per month, sixteen consumers averaged between 500 and 1,000 KWH per month, and 29 consumers .... just over half --used less than 1,000 KWH per month. Forecasts Klukwan's consumers are using more energy than would normally be expected, if a progressive rate structure were instituted instead of a flat fee. Demand should decrease if a progressive structure is insti- tuted. For the purpose of this analysis, 750 KWH per month per consumer was assumed as an estimate of consumption. This is the amount presently allowed for claims under the Power Cost Equalization {PCE) program and is somewhat less than average consumption in Anchorage and Juneaut but is substantially higher than other sma 11 co~m~unities in Southeast Alaska. Given the 55 residential consumers and an average of 750 KWH per month, one finds an average of 41,250 KWH estimated 1 oad on the utility. This forecast in itself may be overly optimistic due to the 750 KWH/consumer/month assumption. One might assume a lower consumption per month of about 650 KWH/month which would be slightly more in line with similarly sized communities in southeast Alaska. If one then as- sumes a relatively small rate of growth (for example, one percent per year), one would arrive at the following forecasts: 3053/866/8 6 Year 1987 1992 1997 2002 3053/866/9 Energy Forecast (Assuming 750 KWH/mo) KWH 41,250 45,570 47,890 50,330 7 Energy Forecast (Assuming 650 KWH/mo) KWH 35,750 37,570 41,500 43,620 DESCRIPTION OF PROPOSED HYDROELECTRIC ALTERNATIVE The proposed hydroelectric development at Walker Lake would be located approximately eight miles west of Klukwan. Walker Lake is one mile long and on a branch of the Little Salmon River where the proposed power house would be located. A 7.9-mile, 34.5 kV transmission line would run from the powerhouse to supply the community of Klukwan (Option A). If Haines were intertied (Option B) to absorb excess power from the hydro project, an additional 12-mile transmission would be required. Technical backup on the hydro power computations is available in Appen- dix C. Design detail is available in the the Walker Lake Hydropower Project by Ott Water Engineers, February 1988. Table 3 is a summary of pertinent aspects of the different hydropower design alternatives: TABLE 3 WALKER LAKE HYDRO PROJECT OPTION A OPTION B AlTERNATIVES: 1 2 1 2 3 - Capacity (KW) 270 250 1,000 920 1,000 Cost ($000) 4,005 4,579 7,425 7,622 10,779 Energy Avai 1 574 605 2,875 2,673 5,429 (MWH) • The energy available is the average annual energy based upon the average monthly flows derived from stream gage data collected for portions of 1985, 1986 and 1987 by the Division of Geologic and Geophysical Survey (DGGS) within the Alaska Department of Natural Resources (DNR). A flow duration curve deve 1 oped from the data determined the project • s hydro- power potential. There is no Alternative 3 under Option A because the increased cost of construction would not be justified to serve only the Klukwan energy demand. Alternative 1, Options A and 8, utilizes a diversion dam in Walker Creek below the outlet of Walker lake. This alternative would require diesel generation for support to meet peak demand. Alternative 2, Options A and B, incorporates a storage capacity with two dams at Walker lake, giving the hydro project the capacity to meet peak energy demand without diesel support. 3053/866/10 8 Alternative 3, Option 8, has the same layout as that for Alternative 2, however with the addition of a diversion and intake structure on the Little Salmon River. A pipeline would then carry water from the river to Walker Lake. Larger pipe would carry the greater total flow to the powerhouse. Additional road and a bridge for access to the Little Salmon River would be necessary for this alternative. 3053/866/11 9 FINANCIAL ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES To assess the project's financial feasibility, Power Authority staff performed a preliminary financial analysis assuminq bond financing with an interest rate of 8.25 percent and a 30-year amortization period. A general inflation rate of 4.5 percent is used during the 20-year plan- ning period. The results indicated that the only alternative to show marginal feasibility was Option B, Alternative 3. Costs include debt service for the proposed alternatives and their respective operation and maintenance costs. Table 4 summarizes the results of the financial analysis. Both alterna- tives under Option A are infeasible as the length of time for the costs of power to be comparable to diesel costs are in excess of 20 years. Alternatives 1 and 2 under Option 8 are infeasible as their costs of power remain in excess of diesel costs eleven to fourteen years. With a projected cost crossover at six years, Alternative 3 under Option B is the only potentially, financially viable scenario of those proposed. Any cost increases from transmission line rerouting or design would most likely make this alternative infeasible also. Klukwan Haines Option A A lternat1 ve 1 Alternat1ve 2 Option B Alternative 1 Alternative 2 Alternative 3 3053/866/12 TABLE 4 FINANCIAL ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES Energy Cost Cents Per KWH 1990 1995 23 18 30.19 33.82 23.14 10 29 23 29.66 33.35 22.70 Project Crossover Years 20+ 20+ 11 14 6 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS With current cost estimates only one of the proposed hydroelectric alternatives is marginally economically and financially feasible. The hydroelectric proposal does not take into account: 1) the highly questionable possibility of crossing the Chilkat Eagle Preserve; 2) the high cost of an underground cable if a crossing permit is obtained; 3) the low probability of a technically feasible transmission line if the Preserve cannot be crossed. It also assumes that Haines is willing and able to purchase a 11 excess power from the hydro project that is not useable by Klukwan. Staff foresee the plausible options for Klukwan as a scenario for upgrading the present system and optimizing the system with waste heat recovery, or pursuing an analysis of a transmission line intertying Klukwan with Haines. The costs incurred by the Power Authority for the 1987 construction of an intertie between Craig and Klawock on Prince of Wales Island are transferrable to this project. At $90,000 per mile for an overhead line plus $80,000 for mobilization and demobilization, the estimated project cost is $1,160,000. Minimal to light clearing should be necessary, as an intertie would follow the highway. Further studies of alternatives should be suspended until at least one year of operating data is collected for Klukwan. Without this informa- tion, it is impossible to determine the true avoided cost of diesel generation for the community. Also, a cost-based rate structure must be developed to provide adequate revenues to cover operating expenditures. Generation and consumption data should be collected to determine the rate of consumption, pinpoint efficiency problems and develop forecasts of future energy needs. Conservation programs might be initiated to lessen the impact on the utility and the portion of the consumers who have high electricity usage. With the additional data, PCE assistance may be available to reduce the cost of power to consumers, and provide sufficient revenue for the utility to maintain the system. During the period of additional data collection, the comunity might want to continue the stream gaging program. At this point in time, the Power Authority has no funds for pursuing a feasibility study or assist- ing in construction of a hydro project at Klukwan. 3053/866/13 11 APPENDIX A OPTIMIZED DIESEL GENERATION THROUGH WASTE HEAT RECOVERY Work on the feasibility of waste heat for Klukwan was completed for the Alaska Power Authority by Raj Bhargava and Associates in April 1985 in a report titled Rural Energy Construction Program 1984-1985, 42 Villages Waste Heat Recovery and Analysis for Conservationn. The report reviewed various villages and recommended some of them for construction of waste heat systems. Klukwan was fifth out of eleven villages in the cate- gory 11 1. Recommended Installations,.. when considering the number of years for simple pay-back (7.8 years) with a project cost savings of $34,267 per year. System Description There are three potential buildings which could use waste heat from the diesel system. The foll~i~g is a description of each building and an estimate of the fuel oil used. BUILDING NAME: Fire Station OWNER: Village of Klukwan Current Use: Fire Station Type of Construction: Wood frame, plywood siding Size: Approximately 1,200 square feet General Condition: Fair -poor Estimated Annual Fuel Oil Consumption: 1,000 gallons Type of Heating System: Wood stove to keep from freezing Plans for Future Use: As present BUILDING NAME: Elementary school OWNER: Chatham School District Current Use: New school {1985) Type of Construction: Wood frame, plyWood siding Size: Approximately 18,200 square feet General Condition: New Estimated Annual Fuel Oil Consumption: 15,000 gallons Type of Heating System: 2 boilers for baseboard. Separate hot water heater. Plans for Future Building Use: Village School BUILDING NAME: Tribal House, Assembly Hall OWNER: Village of Klukwan Current Use: Assembly Hall, City Hall Type of Construction: Log house and wood frame/plywood addition Size: Approximately 1,920 square feet General Condition: Fair. Some improvements needed. Estimated Annual Fuel Oil Consumption: 2,530 gallons Type of Heating System: Wood stove and boiler with board and coil for hot water. Plans for Future Building Use: As present 3053/866/14 12 Conceptual Design and Capital Cost Design of the waste heat recovery system would include installation of a common cooling manifold and heat recovery equipment in the power plant. In addition, a horizontal core radiator with a two·speed motor would be constructed outside the power plant. District heating lines between the power plant and the school would be constructed. The 1 i ne wou 1 d be connected to the boiler return 1 i ne through a heat exchanger. The Tribal House waul d be connected to the system by a branch line and would include the installation of two cabinet unit heaters in the building. The Fire Hall would require the installation of one unit heater and a connection with the Tribal House by way of two one-inch lines. Waste Heat Cost Estimate (1985 $} Description A. Outside Work B. Power plant C. Fire Hall D. Tribal House E. School SUBTOTAL F. Design, Construction Management and Administration (25%) SUBTOTAL G. Contingencies (20%) TOTAL Economic Pay-Back Costs ( $} s 80,300 47,670 7,380 11,460 21,330 $168,140 s 42,000 s2to,t4o s 42 00 $252,000 The 42-Vfllage report estimated that approximately 11,800 ga 11 ons of fuel per year would be saved by the waste heat recovery system. This savings would be due to the heat provided to the three buildings in- cluded in the conceptual design. In addition to the fuel savings. there would also be electrical savings due to the removal of the engine- driven fan motor, and the installation of new pumps. It is expected that there would be a net savings of 7.1 KW for the entire year or about 62,195 KWH (7.1 x 8,260 hours/year). Therefore, the overall cost savings would be the following: Description Fuel (11,800 gal x $1.06/gal) Electricity (22,195 KWH * $0.22/KWH) Total Savings 3053/866/15 13 Savings s 12,500 s 13,682 $ 26,182 Therefore~ simple pay-back would occur in ($252t000/$26,182/year) or 9.6 years. 3053/866/16 14 Labor Costs APPENDIX B UTILITY OPERATING COSTS Tasks requiring labor include maintaining the generators and dis- tribution system, reading meters, collecting bills, maintaining account- ; ng records, and perfonni ng the necessary paperwork and admi ni strati ve tasks. It is estimated that these tasks will require two or three part-time employees. We recommend that there be one power plant operator. It is difficult to estimate the amount of time required to maintain the plant, but for purpose of this cost projection, two half- time people will be assumed. The cost per half-time person is assumed to be $30,000 per year including benefits, taxes, etc. Total labor costs are, therefore, $2,500 per month. (Remember, $2,500/month does not mean that the operators will take home that amount. Much of the expense pays for benefits and taxes.) Expense -$2,500/month. Operating Supplies -. Operating supplies include lube, oil, filters, repairs, rags, pens, pencils, etc. This category does not include major overhauls or cata- strophic break-downs. It only includes the on-going maintenance and repair of the diesels and distribution system. Expense -2.0¢/KWH Accounting Consultants. To properly run the utility, Klukwan will need an accountant to set up the system, to perform periodic audits, and to troubleshoot problems. Expense -$450/month. Fuel Costs The most obvious generating expense is the fuel cost. Klukwan's records show that the power plant efficiency is only 7.95 KWH per gallon. The fuel pr1ce 1s $1.06/gallon; thus, the fuel cost is 13.33t/KWH. Expense -13.33t/KWH. 3053/866/17 15 Miscellaneous Miscellaneous costs include insurance, a reserve for major breakdowns, etc. These costs are real and will undoubtedly be required, but without detailed accounting records they are difficult to estimate, roughly $550/month. Expense -$550/month. Total Cost The total of the above estimates is shown below. Fixed Costs Labor Accounting Miscellaneous TOTAL $2,500 $ 450 $ 550 $3,500/month Variable Costs Operation and Maintenance Fuel 2.00¢/KWH 13. 33¢/KWH 15.33¢/KWH Average consumption between August 1984 and January 1985 was 56,171 KWH per month. Therefore, the average cost per KWH for that period is estimated to be: $3,500/56,171 KWH+ 15.33¢/KWH ~ 22.0¢/KWH Klukwan's true electricity cost is estimated to be, very roughly, twenty-two cents per KWH. That is, it costs the co11111unity of Kl ukwan 22¢ for every kilowatt·hour it generates --whether or not consumers actually pay that amount. 3053/866/18 16 Methodology APPENDIX C HYDROELECTRIC GENERATION The report Feasibility Studies for Small Scale Htdropower Additions, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, July 1979, was utihzed to estimate the plant size and annual generation in Klukwan. Hydrologic information was collected by the Division of Geologic and Geophysical Survey (DGGS), Department of Natural Resources (ONR). OGGS a 1 so completed standard flow duration computations which were utiHzed with the feasibility report to size the hydro project. Walker Lake Analysis The Corps• report illustrates that the efficiency of an impulse turbine is relatively flat at about 90 percent over a wider range of capacity (40 percent to 93 percent of rated capacity} than a Francis turbine. The Francis turbine maintains about an 88 percent efficiency over a range of capacity between 70 percent and 90 percent of rated capacity. Therefore, an impulse turbine was selected for the analysis. The overall efficiency of the generator, turbine, and associated machinery was taken to be 0.86. OGGS collected stream flow data and calculated a flow duration curve. Figure 1 i 11 ustrates the curve. If one assumes that Q50~ may be the best design discharge (Q50~ • 5.7 cfs}, then the power equation is as follows: P=* Where P • Power in KW Q • Discharge in cfs (Q501 • 5.7 cfs} H • Net head in feet (assumed 700 ft) E • Efficiency of machinery (0.86 assumed} The power that would be generated is 291 KW. This is very close to the size of the two existing diesel generation units which are 265 KW each. If we then establish that the lowest capacity at which we would wish to operate the generator was 30 percent of rated capacity and the highest possible was 115 percent of rated capacity, then we would have the following operational capabilities: 3053/866/19 17 % Time Flow is Capacity Discharge Equaled or Description Available (CFS) Exceeded 30% Rated Capacity 87 KW 1.71 94 100% Rated Capacity 291 KW 5.70 50 115% Rated Capacity 335 KW 6.55 46 If one assumes that when the flow is so high that the plant will have too much back-water in the system to operate, then one might eliminate three percent of the time available. This would reduce the 94 percent and 46 percent to 91 percent and 43 percent of the time that the qenera- tors could be operational in a year. The remaining time would need to be picked up by diesel generation. The information above indicates that 91 percent of the time one could guarantee 87 KW being available to produce electricity, and that up to 46 percent of the time one could guarantee 335 KW of capacity. If we compute the area under the curve which is the cross hatched area in Figure 2, we will obtain the average annual inflow which is available for power generation. We approximated the area by sectioning it off into rectangles and triangles with the following computation: A 1 = 6.55 (0.46 • 0.03) A 2 = t (b) (h) (6.55 -1.7) (0.94 -0.46) A 3 = (1.7 · 1) (0.94 • 0.46) Total Discharge Available for Power Production = 2.82 = 1.16 = 0.33 4.31 cfs If we return to the power equation and use the total number of hours in a year (8760), then we can calculate the average annual energy. Energy = (QHE x 8760)/11.8) or E • [(4.31) (700) (.86) (8760)]/11.8 E • 1,926,200 KWH This is the average annual energy which the plant would be capable of producing. It can be compared to the estimated 1985 energy consumption of 674,050 KWH, or about one-third of the capability of the plant. The 1,926,000 KWH figure may be somewhat misleading, since some of the higher discharge levels may be producing large quantities of energy when they are not needed. The calculation indicates that there is enerqy physically available. If we use only the lowest capacity of 87 KW available for the year (8760 hours), then we find that the production would be 762,120 KWH which still exceeds the total 1985 consumption. We should also note that the 87 KW would be available 91 percent of the time. 3053/866/20 18 We could down-size the generation plant, but it is unlikely that would increase efficiency. Efficiency is relatively flat equalling 90 percent between 40 and 93 percent and slowly decreasing on each end. Therefore, no substantial efficiency advantage is expected to be incurred by decreasing the plant size at this level of study. There might be some cost savings with a smaller plant, but it is expected to be minimal. Therefore, an installed capacity of 290 KW and a capability of producing 1,926,000 KWH will be assumed for this study. Any revisions are expect- ed to occur in the design stage. 3053/866/21 19 -• ... u -• 0 -... (Flow Ia Equ•llecl or Exceeclecl) , 0 ::c zr.::.---T--"f' o;__r~ .....;2;--:o:....-~3 o;;__;:4;,;;:c_..;~~o~-Tsc;__.;..._..;s:,:;:c_:a:,:5:.,__;"~o:....., _ _;";:.:s:.,__-4=9e "':: _1 oc ~ ~ .J e •. a 6--t------t----~---+--+---~~--~--+-~ 5 .. +------+--+--+-+---t---1--+---1 Lt-----+---+----t-+----1---+--+---1 ALASKA POWIR AUTHORITY Walker Lake Outlet Flow Duration Curve June 1887 • .7 •. 6 -.4 -.3 ~-t-~~1!----r---r--t----t---t---t-~~--~--~--~~----~----~-2 100 •• __ 1v0 __ 9 .8 7 -· __ T 6 •• -· s .. _ _, 4 •• __ 4 •• 3 z .. .2 10. _10 9 •. __ 9 8 •. __ 8 7 •• --1 6 .• ..s '· __ 5 4 .. .!l L • .J 2 .. •• 2 Figure 2 Flow-Dur•tlon Curve: W•lker L•ke Outlet Lot•Probeblllt' (All Flowe) RBCOHHAISSAHCB LBVBL PBASIBILITY STUDY nLDR LAD BYDROPODR PllOJBCT 1IBAJl ta.ODU I ALIBD . Prepared for: &laaka Power Aatbority P.o. Boa: 1101•1 &Dcborage 1 &la•ka 11111 Prepared by: ott water BD9ineer•1 Inc. •••• aa•ine•• Park Blvd. ancborage 1 Alaaka 11103 June 1988 A1132.01 TABLB OJ' CO!I'l'lftS SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PROJECT DESCRIPTION • . • • • • • • • • • • • • • Alternative 1 -Walker creek Diversion • . • Alternative 2 -Walker Lake Dam • • • • • • • Alternative 3 -Walker Lake Dam with Little Salmon River Diversion • • . • • Power Loads and Power costs • • • • • • • • . . . . . . . . . . . . . POWER GENERATION • • Hydrology • . • • • . • • Power Generation and Use • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PROJECT COSTS • • • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PROJECT FEASIBILITY Other Issues • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . APPENDIX A Field Trip Report APPENDIX B Cost Breakdowns . . . 1 3 4 4 5 6 7 9 9 9 11 12 12 KLUDU BYDROPOWIR PBASIBILITY REPORT SUKKARY AND CONCLUSIQNS Three alternative project configurations were considered for each of two options: A. service to Klukwan only, and B. service to Klukwan and Haines. The three alternatives are: o Diversion from Walker Creek o Dam and Diversion from Walker Lake o Dam and Diversion from Walker Lake with Diversion from Little Salmon River into Walker Lake. Cost and power generation analyses were performed on all alternatives under both options. Capital costs were converted to annual costs and added to the estimated operation and Maintenance (O&M) costs. The average annual generation was also computed for each alternative and option. These values were divided into their respective annual coats to obtain project costs per kilowatt hour. All alternatives serving electricity to Klukwan only (Option A) were infeasible. Klukwan (Option B) Alternatives 1, 2, and 3 serving Haines and had costs of $0.27, $0.30 and $.20/kwhr, reapecti vely, which are close to the price of diesel-generated energy in IUukwan ($0.22/kwhr) and Haines ($0.17/kwhr). Alternative 3, Option B, appears to be marginally feasible, especially if escalation of energy costa are taken into account. In addition, residents between Klukwan and Haines who are without power would receive electric service for the first time. -1- The major areas of uncertainty in this reconnaissance level feasibility are listed below: o Lack of flow data. o Added benefit from storaqe at Walker Lake. This would require a small operations study. o Lack of actual loads and load curves at Haines and Klukwan. o Whether a dam at the southeast end of Walker Lake is necessary. o Soils data at powerhouse, dams, and pipeline routes. These items should be concentrated on durinq any further study of the project's feasibility. Further study would be appropriate to refine the project configuration, cost estimate, and explore the market for energy in Haines. -2- •, INTRODUCTIOI The purpose of this study is to provide a reconnaissance level economic feasibility study for the Walker Lake Hydropower Project. This study is based on one site visit, which took place on November 20, 1987 and was limited in scope due to weather conditions. see Appendix A. Other data used in the report consisted of data from previous studies and hydrology supplied by the Alaska Department of Natural Resources. The cost estimates relied heavily on previous projects recently completed in southeast Alaska. This report does not evaluate the financial feasibility of the project, nor does it investiqate the feasibility of alternatives for providinq the necessary infrastructure for operatinq a plant. This report was completed by Ott Water Enqineers, Inc. (OTT) under a subcontract with FryerjPressley Enqineerinq, Inc. who are under an open-ended contract with the Alaska Power Authority. -3- PRQJBC1 DISCRifTIOH Three project alternatives were investigated and are listed below: 1. Walker Creek Diversion 2. Walker Lake Dam 3. Walker Lake Dam with Little Salmon River Diversion Each project would have different costs and energy generating capabilities. The three alternatives were evaluated under the following load options: A. Supply the load at Klukwan only. B. Supply Klukwan, plus sell extra power to Haines. The loads supplied under each of these options are explained in a later section. ALTBRHaTIVB 1 • WALKBR CRIBK DIVBRS%0. The pertinent characteristics of this alternative are shown on Table 1. This alternative would consist of a diversion structure located about 3,000 feet downstream of the outlet to Walker Lake at an approximate elevation of 1150 feet MSL. See Figure 1. The diversion would consist of a gravity dam about a-feet high and 100-feet long, constructed of cyclopian concrete (large rocks and concrete) , and would contain a 36-inch sluice gate near the intake. The intake would have a trashrack only. No provisions have been incorporated in any of the alternatives for fish screening. From the intake, a low-pressure pipeline would run along the side of the hill to maintain a small pressure in the pipe. This pipe would transition to the penstock which would run down hill to the powerhouse. -4- The powerhouse would be located at an approximate elevation of 400 feet MSL on the left bank of the Little Salmon River just upstream of the present bridge (see Figure 1). The powerhouse site contains enough level area for a powerhouse and switchyard. The powerhouse foundation might need crushed rock fill as it appears the drainage in this area is relatively poor. The powerhouse would consist of a concrete foundation which would incorporate a tailrace channel and support a prefabricated metal building. Its size for Options A and B would be 512 and 988 square feet, respectively. The powerhouse would contain the main control board and supervisory equipment, turbine, generator, and overhead travelling crane. It would also contain provisions for remote control from Klukwan or Haines. The road from the Klehini River Bridge to the powerhouse would require upgrading. Major upgrade would be required of the logging road which extends from the Klehini River Road to a point near the planned diversion site. See Figure 1. About .7 miles of new road would be required from the end of the logging road to the diversion site. Under Option A, the transmission line would run from the powerhouse site to Klukwan, a distance of about 7.9 miles, as shown on Figure 1. Under Option B, an additional 12 miles of transmission line would be required from Klukwan to Haines. A new substation would also be required in Klukwan to accept the power. ALTBRIIA'flft 2 -DLDa LAD DAK This alternative involves providing two small dams on Walker Lake to provide extra storage for powerplant operation. Storage would be required to meet peak loads, especially in the winter time. Under Alternative 1, there will be periods during which the power generation of the hydro unit would have to be supplemented by -5- standby diesel power. This alternative would eliminate or reduce the need for supplemental diesel power. The two dams would be located at the outlet of the lake and at the extreme southeast tip of Walker Lake. The need for the second dam and its required height remains to be determined since the site could not be visited during the field trip. The intake structure would be located at the southeast end of the lake as shown on Figure 1. The low-pressure pipeline would have a diameter of 14-inches under Option A and 24-inches under Option B. It would run from the intake structure at the southeast tip of the lake to a point adjacent to the Alternative 1 diversion. At this point, it would follow the Alternative 1 pipeline alignment. Both the penstock and the powerhouse would be located in the same area as described for Alternative 1. Alternative 1. The powerhouse size would be the same as The road rehabilitation would be the same as Alternative 1, with the exception of the requirement for 1 mile of additional road to access the two dam sites and intake structure. The length of the transmission line would also remain the same as Alternative 1. ALTBRDTIVB 3 -DLDa LAD DU 1fiTB LiftLB SALIIOB RIVBR DIVERSION The layout for Alternative 3 project is shown on Figure 1, and the project characteristics are given in Table 1. Alternative 3 is the same aa Alternative 2 with the addition of a diversion and intake structure at an elevation of approximately 1250 feet mean sea level on the Little Salmon River. The diversion structure was assumed to be of the same size and construction as the diversion described in Alternative 1. An 18-inch pipeline would carry water from the Little Salmon River to Walker Lake, and would be buried in the access road for most of its length. The remainder of the -6- project would be the same as Alternative 2 with the exception of a larger diameter low-pressure pipe and penstock to carry the greater flow from Walker Lake to the powerhouse. This alternative would double the powerplant capacity over that of Alternative 2. An additional 0.8 miles of road and a bridge would be required to access the Little Salmon River diversion. Option A of Alternative 3 was not analyzed because the additional cost would not justify the very small increment of energy to serve Klukwan only. Alternative 3 would only be attractive if it could supply power to a larger load (i.e., Haines). POR1l LOADS UD POR1l COSTS The Alaska Power Authority (APA) in their June 1987 Klukwan Feasibility Report, estimated an average of 750 kwh per month, per consumer would be realized. This would result in an average monthly demand of 50,330 kwh per month in the Year 2002. This is equivalent to 603,960 kwh in a year. This demand was spread over 12 months using an allocation curve found in the report by Raj Bhargava and Associates (April 1985). This load curve is based on a residential energy load curve developed tor Hoonah, Alaska and is shown in the table below: January F41bruary March April May June July August Septem:ber october -7- 9.5t B.1t B.5t 7.6t 6.9t 8.4t 7.5t 8.2t 7.9t 8.6t November December 8.ot 10.8% The above figures were used in evaluatinq the feasibility of each alternative. -8- lllli'JIIMXVI ' .1Wl'J!IRNill'J a 1IALDR UUtB Dill omCif A omCIJ a capacity (kw) 270 1000 250 920 Gross Head (feet) 750 750 780 780 MaXi:DJm Flow ( cfs) 5.6 19.9 5.0 17.8 Diversia'I,IIntake 1 1 2** 2** I..ati Pressure Pipeline Diameter ( .irdles) 14 24 14 24 !.eJ:¥;Jth (feet) 7020 7020 9660 9660 Penstock Diameter ( .irdles) 14 24 14 24 !.eJ:¥;Jth (feet) 2150 2150 2150 2150 PoWe%t.lcuse Size (feet) 16 X 32 26 X 38 16 X 32 26 X 38 Roads New (miles) 0.7 0.7 1.7 1.7 Rehabilitated (miles)* 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 (6.0) (6.0) (6.0) (6.0) Transmissicll Line !.eJ:¥;Jth (miles) 7.9 19.9 7.9 19.9 Voltage (kv) 34.5 34.5 34.5 34.5 * 3.1 mil• of major rehabllitatia1 of logging reads. 6.0 mil• of m:i.ra: rahabilitatiat. AIJl'BRNA'1'IVE 3 'Sti.I.iJBR lAD [W( Wl'DI LI'r1'LB S3WDI ~XvERSigf OniCII A OniOHB 1900 780 36.7 3** 30 15470*** 30 2150 30 X 44 2.5 3.1 (6.0) 19.9 34.5 ** 2 daD:& at W8.lker taka. c.. of whicb CDlt:ai.ns an irltaka structure. *** Incl\.daa 5810 feet of 18-i.nc::b pipe frail Little Sall'IQ"l River Diversion to Walker taka. each section of the flow duration curve which was then summed to produce the average annual energy. The average annual enerqy was then distributed to each month over the year based on the average monthly flows. This produced an average monthly power generation available which was compared with a load for each month. For all alternatives, the average monthly power generation equalled or exceeded the average monthly load. However, there may be times when peak daily and hourly demand will exceed the capacity of the unit and the backup diesel generators would have to be used for Alternative 1, Option A. Even though the plant capacity for Alternative 2 is less than Alternative 1, more enerqy would be generated in Alternative 2 since the peak demand could be met by using stored water in Walker Lake. Under Option B, the total amount of enerqy generated by the plant was assWDed to be used by Klukwan and Haines. Table 2 shows the average annual enerqy produced by each of the alternatives and their options. T.ULB 2 AVJIU.GB UJIIUAL DIIIRG1' GDIIIDHD AVJIU.GB UJIIUAL OP!IQJI BIIIBCJY umn Alternative 1 A 574 B 2875 Alternative 2 A 605 B 2673 Alternative 3 A N/A B 5429 -10- PROJECT COSTS The project cost estimates were based on the project characteristics outlined in Table 1 and on the quanti ties of concrete and excavation required for similar projects. Estimates in southeast Alaska also reflect unit costs for a project under construction and for another hydropower feasibility performed by OTT. Both projects are in southeast Alaska. specific cost data and quantities are presented in Appendix B. The following general assumptions were made in computing the project costs: o Concrete, crushed rock, and riprap are available in Haines. o The low-pressure pipeline could be buried in standard soil (i.e., no rock excavation required). o Temporary access roads would be constructed to install the above-ground penstock. o No costs would be incurred tor land rights for the project or the transmission lines. o The cost calculation did not take into account a buried transmission line which might be required in or near the Chilkat Eaqle Preserve. This could significantly increase the transmission line costs. The costs did account tor raptor proof pole and cross-arm arranqements. Table 3 shows the estimated cost of each project alternative and option, includinq enqineerinq costs. -11- APPBHDIJ: A PIBLD TRIP RBPORT -14- WALKER LAKE HYDRO FIELD OBSERVATION REPORT A1132.01 o Temperature: 30• F o Snowing, about 1 to 2 feet of snow on the ground at the powerhouse site November 19, 1987, 10:30 am In the area just upstream of the bridge I took several pictures of the powerhouse site along the Little Salmon River. In the area just above the left overbank is the location of the powerhouse. There are cottonwoods and alders along the left overbank which varies from about 20 to about 60 feet in width. The· powerhouse would be located in the flat area above the flood plain on the left bank. There are some large cottonwood trees in this area up to three to four feet in diameter. This site could be marshy in the spring and summer months. It is a level area which forms a triangle. Two sides of the triangle are formed by the Little Salmon River and the base of the hill to the Northwest. The other side of the triangle is along the road which crosses the Little Salmon River. Foundations could be a problem due to the possible swampy nature of this area. There are no fir trees growing in this area only alders and cottonwoods. I've taken several pictures from the bridge looking to the east. The bridge is a high point. The road drops about 6 to 8 vertical feet to a low point where a small stream passes under the road through a culvert. This stream probably drains the marshy area that lies in the northeast corner of the trianglular area. Stan Carrick, from the Department of Natural Resources said that he thinks the powerhouse site consists of alluvium rather than -1- marshy material. If the alluvium is several feet thick it probably would not be a problem for the powerhouse foundation. This is being dictated from the top of the road at the low point mentioned above. There is definitely a creek running through this area. There seems to be two channels coming together at a point just upstream of the road. One comes from north of the road entering perpendicular to the road and the other comes from a point east-northeast of the road. Both seem to be draining this flat area. The hill above the powerhouse site does not seen to be particularly steep. From the road the slope appears to have from 50 to so percent slopes. The hill is heavily forested. I can't see any evidence of slides where the penstock would be coming down the hill. There seems to be some bare spots on the slope near the River although, it is difficult to tell through the falling snow. After taking off from the bridge site we flew up the Little Salmon River and then up Walker Creek to Walker Lake. The visibility was about a 1/4 of a mile and it was snowing rather heavily. since the weather might close in at any time, the pilot did not want land and let us inspect the site or maintain the stream gage at the lake. I was not able to inspect the dam sites at the creek's exit from the lake or at the southeast end of the lake. As we flew back down the Little Salmon River, I was able to see the penstock route. It appears that the dam would be very easy to construct. The first portion of the low-pressure pipeline route is along a relatively flat portion on top of a ridge. However, the furthest downstream third of the low pressure pipeline appears to get into steeper terrain as it arrives at the end of the ridge near where the penstock starts. The penstock would run straight down the hill. -2- The Little Salmon River is in a canyon from the bridge to upstream past where the project is located. The only exception to this is in a short area around the confluence with Walker Creek. It appeared from the helicopter that the diversion location on the Little Salmon River is in a steep canyon. Getting the pipeline out for this canyon and building the diversion dam could be difficult and expensive. -3- PROJECT DISCRIPTIOH Three project alternatives were investigated and are listed below: 1. Walker Creek Diversion 2. Walker Lake Dam 3. Walker Lake Dam with Little Salmon River Diversion Each project would have different costs and energy generating capabilities. The three alternatives were evaluated under the following load options: A. Supply the load at Klukwan only. B. Supply Klukwan, plus sell extra power to Haines. The loads supplied under each of these options are explained in a later section. ALTIRDTIVB 1 -nLDR CUIK DIVBRSIOB The pertinent characteristics of this alternative are shown on Table 1. This alternative would consist of a diversion structure located about 3,000 feet downstream of the outlet to Walker Lake at an approximate elevation of 1150 feet MSL. See Figure 1. The diversion would consist of a gravity dam about a-feet high and 100-feet long, constructed of cyclopian concrete (large rocks and concrete), and would contain a 36-inch sluice gate near the intake. The intake would have a trashrack only. No provisions have been incorporated in any of the alternatives for fish screening. From the intake, a low-pressure pipeline would run along the side of the hill to maintain a small pressure in the pipe. This pipe would transition to the penstock which would run down hill to the powerhouse. -4- 70------, ------------r -r -- ~\ ·.\ 60 ~~ -- \1 .\ 50-i---\\ :\ I --~ LITTLE SALMON AND WALKER LAKE <AllTERNA TIVE 3) 0~------~--------+-------~--------r-------~ 0 20 40 80 80 100 PERCENT EXCEEDANCE FIGURE 2 LAKE HYDROPOWER PROJECT FLOW DURATION CURVES JOB NUMBER : A1132.01 DATE: FEBRUARY 1988 The powerhouse would be located at an approximate elevation of 400 feet MSL on the left bank of the Little Salmon River just upstream of the present bridge (see Figure l). The powerhouse site contains enough level area for a powerhouse and switchyard. The powerhouse foundation might need crushed rock fill as it appears the drainage in this area is relatively poor. The powerhouse would consist of a concrete foundation which would incorporate a tailrace channel and support a prefabricated metal building. Its size for Options A and B would be 512 and 988 square feet, respectively. The powerhouse would contain the main control board and supervisory travelling crane. equipment, turbine, generator, and overhead It would also contain provisions for remote control from Klukwan or Haines. The road from the Klehini River Bridge to the powerhouse would require upgrading. Major upgrade would be required of the logging road which extends from the Klehini River Road to a point near the planned diversion site. See Figure 1. About .7 miles of new road would be required from the end of the logging road to the diversion site. Under Option A, the transmission line would run from the powerhouse site to Klukwan, a distance of about 7.9 miles, as shown on F iqure 1. Under Option B, an additional 12 miles of transmission line would be required from Klukwan to Haines. A new substation would also be required in Klukwan to accept the power. ALTBRD'flft 2 -WALDa LAD DAK This alternative involves providing two small dams on Walker Lake to provide extra storage for powerplant operation. Storage would be required to meet peak loads, especially in the winter time. Under Alternative 1, there will be periods during which the power generation of the hydro unit would have to be supplemented by -5- standby diesel power. This alternative would eliminate or reduce the need for supplemental diesel power. The two dams would be located at the outlet of the lake and at the extreme southeast tip of Walker Lake. The need for the second dam and its required height remains to be determined since the site could not be visited during the field trip. The intake structure would be located at the southeast end of the lake as shown on Figure 1. The low-pressure pipeline would have a diameter of 14-inches under Option A and 24-inches under Option B. It would run from the intake structure at the southeast tip of the lake to a point adjacent to the Alternative 1 diversion. At this point, it would follow the Alternative 1 pipeline alignment. Both the penstock and the powerhouse would be located in the same area as described for Alternative 1. Alternative 1. The powerhouse size would be the same as The road rehabilitation would be the same as Alternative 1, with the exception of the requirement for 1 mile of additional road to access the two dam sites and intake structure. The length of the transmission line would also remain the same as Alternative 1. AL'l'BRD'IIVB 3 -DLDa LAD DAII WITH Lift'LB sALKO• RIVBR DIVERSION The layout for Alternative 3 project is shown on Figure 1, and the project characteristics are given in Table 1. Alternative 3 is the same aa Alternative 2 with the addition of a diversion and intake structure at an elevation of approximately 1250 feet mean sea level on the Little Salmon River. The diversion structure was assumed to be of the same size and construction as the diversion described in Alternative 1. An 18-inch pipeline would carry water from the Little Salmon River to Walker Lake, and would be buried in the access road for most of its length. The remainder of the -6- project would be the same as Alternative 2 with the exception of a larger diameter low-pressure pipe and penstock to carry the greater flow from Walker Lake to the powerhouse. This alternative would double the powerplant capacity over that of Alternative 2. An additional 0.8 miles of road and a bridge would be required to access the Little Salmon River diversion. Option A of Alternative 3 was not analyzed because the additional cost would not justify the very small increment of energy to serve Klukwan only. Alternative 3 would only be attractive if it could supply power to a larger load (i.e., Haines). POOR LOADS UD POOR COSTS The Alaska Power Authority (APA) in their June 1987 Klukwan Feasibility Report, estimated an average of 750 kwh per month, per consumer would be realized. This would result in an average monthly demand of 50,330 kwh per month in the Year 2002. This is equivalent to 603,960 kwh in a year. This demand was spread over 12 months using an allocation curve found in the report by Raj Bhargava and Associates (April 1985). This load curve is based on a residential energy load curve developed for Hoonah, Alaska and is shown in the table below: January 9.5, February 8.1, March 8.5, April 7.6, May 6.9, June 8.4, July 7.5, August 8.2, September 7.9, October 8.6, -7- November December 8.0% 10.8% The above figures were used in evaluating the feasibility of each alternative. -a- POUR GIDQTIOH The amount of energy generated in each alternative was computed from flow duration curves for Walker Creek, project characteristics (shown on Table 1), and the energy demand data explained above. HYDROLOGY The flow duration curves for the three alternatives were developed from flow measurements taken at a stream gage in Walker Creek near the lake outlet. The flow duration curve at this gage was computed by Alaska Department of Natural Resources based on flow records from part of 1985, most of 1986, and part of 1987. See Figure 2. The curves for Alternatives 1 and 3 were developed by multiplying the curve at the gage by the ratio of the drainage areas. Because of this short period of hydrologic record, the analysis of the average annual power generation should be considered to be only approximate. Only part of a year's data on the Little Salmon River was available. Therefore, this data was not used. POOR GBDRA'l'IOB UD os• The amount of energy which could be generated based on these flow duration curves was computed as follows. The flow duration curve was divided into a number of vertical sections. The average flow in each section was multiplied times the net head and turbine efficiency based on a standard 3-jet impulse turbine efficiency curve. The net head was derived from the powerhouse and diversion elevations from USGS quadrangle sheets and pipe head loss calculations. The fraction of the year represented in each section of the divided flow duration curve was then multiplied by the average power generated. This gave the energy generated in -9- POUR (jiDATIOI The amount of energy generated in each alternative was computed from flow duration curves for Walker creek, project characteristics (shown on Table 1) , and the energy demand data explained above. HYDROLOGY The flow duration curves for the three alternatives were developed from flow measurements taken at a stream gage in Walker Creek near the lake outlet. The flow duration curve at this gage was computed by Alaska Department of Natural Resources based on flow records from part of 1985, most of 1986, and part of 1987. See Figure 2. The curves for Alternatives 1 and 3 were developed by multiplying the curve at the gage by the ratio of the drainage areas. Because of this short period of hydroloqic record, the analysis of the average annual power generation should be considered to be only approximate. Only part of a year's data on the Little Salmon River was available. Therefore, this data was not used. The amount of energy which could be generated based on these flow duration curves was computed as follows. The flow duration curve was divided into a number of vertical sections. The average flow in each section vas multiplied times the net head and turbine efficiency baaed on a standard 3-jet impulse turbine efficiency curve. The net head was derived from the powerhouse and diversion elevations from USGS quadrangle sheets and pipe head loss calculations. The fraction of the year represented in each section of the divided flow duration curve was then multiplied by the average power generated. This gave the energy generated in -9- -(/) u.. (.) - 3: 0 ..J u.. 70 \ '·\ 60 ~~ ·.\ \I .\ "\ 50 ,- I 40 t \ 30 -~, ----------r ~ r -. - -----"------,--------~ LITTLE SALMON AND WALKER LAKE (AllTERNATIVE 3J 0~------~--------+--------+--------r-------~ 0 20 40 60 80 100 PERCENT EXCEEDANCE FIGURE 2 R LAKE HYDROPOWER PROJECT FLOW DURATION CURVES ~------------------------~ JOB NUMBER: A1132.01 DATE: FEBRUARY 1 988 f-r~ APPBHDIX B COST BUAltDODS -15- OPTION Alternative 1 A B Alternative 2 A B Alternative 3 A B TABLI 3 ALTBRNATIVI COSTS ANNUAL COST O'JI COS'l'S ($1000) ($1000) 4005 70 7425 110 4579 70 7622 125 N/A N/A 10779 150 'l'O'l'AL ANNUAL COS'l'S ($1000) 426 770 477 802 N/A 1107 Annual operation and maintenance costs are based on OTT's past experience on similar projects. Project capital costs were converted to annual costs using a discount rate of 8 percent and a project life of 30 years. These annual costs were added to the O&M costs to produce total annual costs. Table 3 shows the estimated capital, O&M, and total annual costs. PROJECT FEASIBILITY The total estimated annual costs in Table 3 for each alternative were divided by the average annual energy generated shown in Table 2. Results are shown in Table 4. The costs per kilowatt hour are compared to the cost of alterative energy sources such as diesel. According to Alaska Power Authority (1987), the cost of diesel generation in Klukwan would be $0.22/kwhr and in Haines is $0.17/kwhr. From Table 4, diesel generation would be preferred to Alternatives 1A and 2A. If the escalation of energy and O&M costs were considered, then Alternative 38 is marginally feasible at $0.20/kwhr. This analysis also assumes that the total energy generated by Alternative 38 could be used in the Klukwan/Haines area. OTDR ISSUBS This study addresses only the economic feasibility which determines whether the project will be able to pay for itself over its lifetime. It doe• not address the financial feasibility which determine• whether funds for the project are available. The financial fea•ibility for this project would need to be determined at a later date. The Alaska Electric Light and Power would need to be contacted about the possibility of selling the project power in Haines. -12- TABLB 4 ANNUAL COSTS PER KILOWATT-BOOR AVBRAGB COSTS OPTION PBR KILQWATT HOUR Alternative 1 A $0.74 B $0.27 Alternative 2 A $0.79 B $0.30 Alternative 3 A N/A B $0.20 References Alaska Power Authority, "Draft Klukwan Feasibility Report", June 1987. Raj Bhargava Associates, Rural Energy Construction Program, 1984- 1985, 42 Villages Waste Head Recovery Evaluation and Analysis for Conservation", April 1985. -13- Oct ~acer Engineers,Inc. Alaska Power Authority Alaska Power Authority WALKER LAKE PROJECT SU~~y OF DETAILED COST ESTIMATE (1988 Dollars) ***** (ALTERNATIVE 1, OPTION A:) FERC A/C ~0. Description Amount($) 330 Land and Land Rights 0 330.5 Mobilization and Logistics 122,000 331 Structures and Improvements 161,590 332 Reservoirs, Dams and Waterways 1,132,212 333 Turbines and Generators 220,000 334 Accessory Electrical Equipment 85,000 335 His..;. Mechanical Equipment 16,000 336 Roads, Railroads and Bridges 440,500 350 Land and Land Rights 0 352 Transmission Struct. and Improv. n/a 353 Substation Equipment 48,000 355 Poles and Fixtures 232,600 356 Overhead Conductors and Devices 209,000 359 Line Clearing, Mob, and Demob. 60,000 SUBTOTAL, ESTIMATED COSTS 2,726,902 Contingency Allowance * 25.0' 681,725 TOTAL ESTIMATED DIRECT COST 3,408,627 Engineering and Administration* 17.5' 596,510 TOTAL CONSTRUCTION COST $4,005,137 ------- *Covering environmental studies and licensing (5,), design and specification (6,), legal and financial fees (1.5') and construction management (5%). -1 . 1.0-F.ob-33 Ott ~ater Engir.eers,Inc. Alaska Power Authority ~O .. Fe~·!3 wALKER LAKE PROJECT ALTERNATIVE NO. 1A DETAILED COST ESTIMATE ( 19 8 8 Do 11 a r s) FERC Description Quan-Unit Unit Amount($) A/C ~0. tity Price 330 LAND A...~D LAND RIGHTS .01 Land Rights -Generation Plant 0 L.S. $0 0 _ .................... ___ Subtotal -A/C No. 330 -Land and Land Rights 0 ................................. 330 . 5 MOBILIZATION AND LOGISTICS .51 Temp Const Roads for Penstock 1.00 Mile $50,000 50,000 .52 Open Storage and Helipads 1 L.S. $8,000 8,000 .53 Covered Storage & Office 1 L.S. $7,000 7,000 .54 Construction Power 1 L.S. $6,000 6,000 .55 Temporary water System 1 L.S. $3,000 3,000 .56 Construction Surveys 1 L.S. $24,000 24,000 .57 Subsistence 400 Days $60 24,000 -----------· Subtotal -A/C No. 330.5 -Mobilization and Logistics 122,000 ------------ 331 STRUCTURES AND IMPROVEMENTS 331 .1 POwERHOUSE .11 Clearing 1.00 Acre $5,000 5,000 .12 Excavation 160 C.Y. $25 4,000 .13 Concrete (including reinforcing) 85 C.Y. $650 55,250 .14 Misc. Metals 1,500 Lb. $3.00 4, 500 .15 Partition walls 1 L.S. $3,000 3,000 .16 Furnishings and Fixtures 1 L.S. $2,000 2,000 .17 Pre-eng'd Metal Superstructure 512 S.F. $45.00 23,040 .18 HVAC and Plumbing 1 L.S. $12,000 12,000 .19 Grounding Grid 1 L.S. $12,000 12,000 ..,. ___ ..................... Subtotal -Powerhouse 120,790 ................ ---.... -...... 331 .2 POYERHOUSE SITE/SWITCHYARD . 21 Fill 100 C.Y . $10 1,000 . 22 Crushed Rock Surfacing so C.Y . $20 1,000 .23 Drainage 1 L.S. $10,000 10,000 .24 Chain Link Fencing 150 L.F. $30 4,500 .25 16-foot Double Gate 1 Each $1,000 1,000 .26 Foundations 12 C.Y. $600 7,200 -..... -'* ... -... -......... Subtotal -Powerhouse Site/Switchyard 24,700 ..................... --... - 1 - Ott ~ater Engineers,Inc. Alaska Power Authority FERC A/G No. 331 . 3 .31 .32 .33 . 34 .35 332 332 .1 .11 . 12 .13 .14 .15 .16 .17 .18 332 .3 332 .31 . 311 .312 . 313 .314 .315 .316 . 317 . 318 WALKER LAKE PROJECT ALTE&~ATIVE NO. lA DETAILED COST ESTIMATE (1988 Dollars) Description Quan-Unit tity KLUKWAN SUBSTATION Crushed Rock Surfacing 70 C.Y. Drainage 1 L.S. Chain Link Fencing 150 L.F. 16-foot Double Gate 1 Each Foundations 12 C.Y. Unit Price $20 $2,000 $30 $1,000 $600 Subtotal -Powerhouse SitejSwitchyard Subtotal -A/C No. 331 -Structures and Improvements RESERVOIRS, DAMS AND WATERWAYS DAM AND SPILLWAY ON WALKER CK. Diversion and care of Water 1 L.S . $20,000 Clearing 1.0 Acre $5,000 Common Excavation 150 C.Y. $15 Rip-Rap 357 C.Y. $35 Mass Concrete 176 C.Y. $400 Structural Concrete 20 C.Y. $650 Miscellaneous Metals 1,200 Lb. $4.00 Sluice Gate 1 L.S. 15000 Subtotal -Dam and Spillway WATERWAYS INTAKE AT WALKER CREEK Bedding Material 12 C.Y. $25 Riprap 25 C.Y. $15 Concrete (Including reinforcing) 20 C.Y. $650 Trashrack & Stru. Steel 1,800 Lb. $3.00 Steel Pipe, 14 inch diameter 70 L.F. $70.00 14-inch diameter Gate 1 L.S. $6,000 Misc . Steel 600 Lb. $3 Revegetation and Erosion Control 0.4 Acre $2,500 Subtotal -Intake & U. Penstock - 2 - 10-reb-38 Amount($) 1,400 2,000 4,500 1,000 7,200 .. -.................... 16,100 ..... --............ --.... 161,590 -------............ 20,000 5,000 2,250 12,507 70,400 13 '000 4,800 15,000 ------------ 142,957 ----...................... 300 375 13 '000 5,400 4' 900 6,000 1,800 1,000 ________ ......... 32,775 ---·--·--· ... - Ott ~ater Engineers,Inc. Alaska Power Authority WALKER LAKE PROJECT ALTERNATIVE NO. lA DETAILED COST ESTIMATE (1988 Dollars) 10-Feb-88 FERC A/G No. Description Quan- tity Unit Unit Amount($) 334 ACCESSORY ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT .01 Excitation, switchgear, station service, controls and protective relays 1 .02 Supervisory controls 1 .03 Communication Equipment 1 L.S. L.S. L.S. Price $40,000 $25,000 $20,000 Subtotal · A/C No. 334 -Accessory Elect. Equip. 335 MISCELLANEOUS MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT .01 5-ton Overhead Crane .02 Miscellaneous Equipment 1 1 Each L.S. $8,000 $8,000 Subtotal · A/C No. 335 -Misc. Mechanical Equipment 336 ROADS, RAILROADS AND BRIDGES .01 Upgrade Existing Logging Road .02 New Road to Dams .03 Grade and surface exist. P.H. road 3.10 0.70 6.00 Mile Mile Mile $50,000 $65,000 $40,000 Subtotal -A/C No. 336 -Roads, Railroads and Bridges 350 LAND AND LAND RIGHTS .01 353 353 .1 .11 .12 353 . 2 . 21 . 22 Land Rights -Transmission Facil. 0 L.S. Subtotal · A/C No. 330 -Land and Land Rights SUBSTATION EQUIPMENT AND STRUCTURES SWITCHYARD Transformer (4.16/34.5kV) Switches, Breakers and Misc. Equip Subtotal · KLUKWAN SUBSTATION Transformer (34.5kV/12.47kV) Switches, Breakers and Misc. Equip Subtotal · 1 1 L.S. L.S. Valker Lake Switchyard 1 1 L.S. L.S . Klawock Substation Subtotal -A/C No. 353 -Substation Equipment -4 . $0 $12,000 $12,000 $12,000 $12,000 40,000 25,000 20,000 85,000 8,000 8,000 16,000 155,000 45,500 240,000 440,500 0 0 12,000 12,000 24,000 12,000 12.000 2:..coo 48,000 Ott Water Engineers,Inc. Alaska Po~er Authority WALKER LAKE PROJECT ALTERNATIVE NO. lA DETAILED COST ESTIMATE (1988 Dollars) FERC Description Quan· Unit A/C No. tity 332 .32 LOW PRESSURE PIPELINE (Walker Lk. to Top of Penstock) .321 Clearing 6.5 Acre .322 Trench Excavation and Backfill 7,020 L.F. .323 Bedding Material 1, 700 C.Y. .324 Steel Pipe, 14 inch diameter 7,020 L.F. .325 Revegetation and Erosion Control 6.5 Acre Subtotal · Intake & Upper Penstock 332 .33 Penstock 332 .331 Above-ground Penstock (2,150' long) .332 Clearing (40' ~ide) .333 Additional Tree Removal .334 Excavation . 335 Concrete in Anchor Blocks . 336 Structural Steel .337 Steel Penstock, 14 inch diameter .338 Expansion Joints .339 Revegetation and Erosion Control Subtotal - 332 .34 Tailrace .341 Excavation .342 Rip-Rap Subtotal - Subtotal • A/C No. 332 333 TURBINES AND GENERATORS .01 Furnish 360 HP Single-jet impulse turbine, including inlet valve, controls and governor .02 Furnish 270 kW generator .03 Install turbine-generators 2.0 Acre 1 L. S. 30 C.Y . 60 C.Y . 4,000 Lb. 2,150 L.F. 6 Each 2.0 Acre Above-ground Penstock 140 70 Tailrace -Res., Dams 1 1 1 C.Y. C.Y. and W'ways Each Each L.S. Unit Price $5,000 $15 $20 $70.00 $2,500 $8,000 $10,000 $25.00 $650 $3.00 $80.00 $3,000 $2,500 $20.00 $25.00 $100,000 $80,000 $40,000 Subtotal -A/C No. 333 -Turbines and Generators -3 • lO-Feb-83 A.mount ($) 32,500 105,300 34,000 491,400 16,250 .. -.............. -... ""' .. 679,450 ----·--·---- 15,794 10,000 750 39,000 12,000 172.000 18,000 4,936 ---........ ~ -.. - 272.:.80 _____ .,._,,. ___ 2,300 l. 7 so .. --............ ~ -..... :...550 ___ ,..,.,.,. _____ l,l32.2l2 ·---·--~~'" .... :~o ' ~Q ~0 ·o _,.1) ' :0 220 ::o 0tt Water Engineers,Inc. Alaska Power Authority FERC A/C No. 355 355 .1 .11 .12 .13 356 356 .1 .11 .12 .13 .14 359 .01 . 02 WALKER LAKE PROJECT ALTERNATIVE NO. lA DETAILED COST ESTIMATE (1988 Dollars) Description POLES &~D FIXTURES POWERHOUSE TO KLUKWAN, 34.5 kV Poles Guys, Anchors & other material Installation Subtotal · A/C No. 355 OVERHEAD CONDUCTORS AND DEVICES POWERHOUSE TO KLUKWAN & HAINES, Conductors Insulators Hardware and Miscellaneous Installation Subtotal · A/C No. 356 Quan- tity 1 1 7.9 Unit L.S. L.S. Mile -Poles and Fixtures 34.5 kV, 20 miles 1 L.S. 1 L.S. 1 L. S. 7.9 Mile . Overhead conductors, LINE CLEARING, MOBILIZE AND DEMOBILIZE Mobilize and Demobilize 1 L.S . Light Clearing 4 Acre 10-Feb-23 Unit Amount($) Price $32,000 32,000 $11,000 11 t 000 $24,000 189,600 .......... -..... -... -"" ...... 232,600 -...................... ,. ,... ,. ... $16,000 16,000 $24,000 24,000 $11' 000 11,000 $20,000 158,000 .. -.................. -..... etc 209' 0.00 .... .......... -......... --- $40,000 40,000 $5,000 20,000 -............... -.. -...... Subtotal · A/C No. 359 . Clearing, Mob, and Demob. 60,000 -5 - Ott Water Engineers,Inc. Alaska Power Authority Alaska Power Authority WALKER LAKE PROJECT SU~~y OF DETAILED COST ESTIMATE (1988 Dollars} ***** (ALTEru~ATIVE 1, OPTION B:) FERC A/C No. Description 330 Land and Land Rights 330.5 Mobilization and Logistics 331 Structures and Improvements 332 Reservoirs, Dams and Waterways 333 Turbines and Generators 334 Accessory Electrical Equipment 335 Misc. Mechanical Equipment 336 Roads, Railroads and Bridges 350 Land and Land Rights 352 Transmission Struct. and Improv. 353 Substation Equipment 355 Poles and Fixtures 356 Overhead Conductors and Devices 359 Line Clearing, Mob, and Demob. SUBTOTAL, ESTIMATED COSTS Contingency Allowance * 2S.Ot TOTAL ESTIMATED DIRECT COST Engineering and Administration* 17.5t TOTAL CONSTRUCTION COST Amount($) 0 133.000 241,760 1,910,841 510,000 240,000 23,000 505,500 0 n/a 117.000 707,000 607,000 60,000 5,055,101 1,263,775 6,318,876 1,105,803 $7,424,679 *Covering environmental studies and licensing (5t), design and specification (6t), legal and financial fees (1.5%) and construction management (5%). -1 - 10-Feb-88 Ott ~acer Engineers,Inc. Alaska Po~er Authority wALKER LAKE'PROJECT ALTE~NATIVE NO. lB DETAILED COST ESTIMATE (1988 Dollars) FERC A/C No. Description Quan- tity Unit Unit Amount($) Price 330 ~~D AND LAND RIGHTS .01 330 .5 .51 .52 .53 .54 .55 .56 .57 331 331 .l .11 .12 .13 .14 .15 . 16 . 17 .18 .19 331 .2 . 21 .22 .23 .24 .25 . 26 Land Rights -Generation Plant 0 L.S. Subtotal -A/C No. 330 -Land and Land Rights HOBILIZATION AND LOGISTICS Temp Canst Roads for Penstock Open Storage and Helipads Covered Storage & Office Construction Power Temporary Water System Construction Surveys Subsistence 1.00 1 1 l 1 1 500 Mile L.S. L.S. L.S. L.S. L.S. Days $0 $50,000 $10,000 $8,000 $7,000 $4,000 $24,000 $60 Subtotal -A/C No. 330.5 -Mobilization and Logistics STRUCTURES AND IMPROVEMENTS POWERHOUSE Clearing Excavation Concrete (including reinforcing) Misc. Metals Partition Walls Furnishings and Fixtures Pre-eng'd Metal Superstructure HVAC and Plumbing Grounding Grid Subtotal - POWERHOUSE SITE/SYITCHYARD Fill Crushed Rock Surfacing Drainage Chain Link Fencing 16-foot Double Gate Foundations Subtotal - 1. 60 220 150 1,500 1 1 988 1 1 Powerhouse 160 80 1 200 1 16 Acre C.Y. C.Y. Lb. L.S . L.S . S.F. L.S. L.S. C.Y. C.Y. L.S. L.F. Each C.Y . $5,000 $25 $650 $3.00 $3,000 $2,000 $45.00 $12,000 $12,000 $10 $20 $10,000 $30 $1,000 $600 Powerhouse Site/Switchyard -1 - 0 0 50,000 10,000 8,000 7,000 4,000 24,000 30,000 133 '000 8,000 5,500 97,500 4,500 3,000 2,000 44,460 12,000 12,000 188,960 1,600 1,600 10,000 6,000 1,000 9,600 29,800 Oct ~ater Engineers,Inc. Alaska Power Authority FERC A/C No. 331 . 3 .31 .32 .33 .34 .35 332 332 .1 .11 . 12 .13 .14 .15 .16 .17 .18 332 .3 332 .31 . 311 . 312 . 313 .314 .315 .316 .317 .318 WALKER LAKE PROJECT ALTERNATIVE NO. lB DETAILED COST ESTIMATE (1988 Dollars) Description Quan-Unit tity KLUKWAN SUBSTATION Crushed Rock Surfacing 100 C.Y. Drainage 1 L.S. Chain Link Fencing 200 L.F. 16-foot Double Gate 1 Each Foundations 20 C.Y. Unit Price $20 $2,000 $30 $1,000 $600 Subtotal -Powerhouse SitejSwitchyard Subtotal . A/C No. 331 -Structures and Improvements RESERVOIRS, DAMS AND WATERWAYS DAM AND SPILLWAY ON WALKER CK Diversion and care of Yater 1 L.S . $20,000 Clearing 1.0 Acre $5,000 Common Excavation 150 C.Y. $15 Rip-Rap 357 C.Y. $35 Mass Concrete 176 C.Y. $400 Structural Concrete 20 C.Y. $650 Miscellaneous Metals 1,200 Lb. $4.00 Sluice Gate 1 L.S. 15000 Subtotal -Dam and Spillway WATERWAYS INTAKE AT WALKER CREEK Bedding Material 20 C.Y . $25 Riprap 25 C.Y. $15 Concrete (Including reinforcing) 30 C.Y. $650 Trashrack & Stru. Steel 3,000 Lb. $3.00 Steel Pipe, 24inch diameter 70 L.F. $100.00 24-inch diameter Gate 1 L.S. $10,000 Misc. Steel 1,000 Lb. $3 Revegetation and Erosion Control 0.4 Acre $2,500 Subtotal -Intake & u. Penstock • 2 - lO·reb·S3 Amount($) 2,000 2,000 6,000 1,000 12,000 .............. -........ __ 23,000 ---··-----...... 241,760 ----------...... 20,000 5,000 2,250 12,507 70,400 13.000 4,800 15,000 ------------ 142,957 ------------ 500 375 19,500 9,000 7,000 10,000 3,000 1,000 -··---... --.. -- 50,375 ______ ,., _____ O:c ~ater Engineers,Inc. Alaska Power Authority WALKER LAKE PROJECT ALTE~~ATIVE NO. lB DETAILED COST ESTIMATE (1988 Dollars) FERC Description Quan-Unit A/C No. tity 332 .32 LOW PRESSURE PIPELINE (Walker Lk. to Top of Penstock) .321 Clearing 8.9 Acre .322 Trench Excavation and Backfill 9,660 L.F. .323 Bedding Material 3,000 C.Y. .324 Steel Pipe, 24 inch diameter 9,660 L.F. .325 Revegetation and Erosion Control 8.9 Acre Subtotal -Intake & Upper Penstock 332 .33 Penstock 332 .331 Above-ground Penstock (2,150' long) .332 Clearing (40' wide) .333 Additional Tree Removal .334 Excavation .335 Concrete in Anchor Blocks .336 Structural Steel . 337 Steel Penstock, 24 inch diameter .338 Expansion Joints .339 Revegetation and Erosion Control Subtotal - 332 . 34 Tailrace . 341 Excavation . 342 Rip-Rap Subtotal - Subtotal -A/C No. 332 333 TURBINES AND GENERATORS .01 Furnish 1200 HP Multi-jet impulse turbine, including inlet valve, controls and governor . 02 Furnish 1001) k\l generator .03 Install turbine-generators 2.0 Acre 1 L.S. 40 C.Y. 100 C.Y. 8,000 Lb. 2,150 L.F . 6 Each 2.0 Acre Above-ground Penstock 240 110 Tailrace -Res., Dams 1 1 1 C.Y . C.Y . and Y'ways Each Each L. S. Unit Price $5,000 $20 $20 $100.00 $2,500 $8,000 $10,000 $25.00 $650 $3.00 $130.00 $4,000 $2,500 $20.00 $25.00 $230,000 $200,000 $80,000 Subtotal -A/C No. 333 -Turbines and Generators -3 - LO-Feb-88 Amount($) 44,353 193,200 60,000 966,000 22,176 __ ... _ .. ____ .,..,..,. 1,285,729 ____ .. .,. ______ 15,794 10,000 1,000 65,000 24,000 279,500 24,000 4.936 .. -~ -..... - 424,230 --.. -..... ....... -... 4.800 2. 7 50 -.... ~ .. "' * ........... ".550 ........... ¥_..~.~--... 1,910 .341 ... .. .. .. ~ .. . ~ 3) '000 ~=J )00 3 J' )00 s:.J.)OO ~~ter Engineers,Inc. Alaska Power Authority FERC A/C No. 334 .01 . 02 .03 335 .01 .02 336 .01 .02 .03 350 .01 353 353 .1 . 11 .12 353 . 2 .21 .22 WALKER LAKE PROJECT ALTERNATIVE NO. lB DETAILED COST ESTIMATE (1988 Dollars) Description Quan-Unit tity ACCESSORY ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT Excitation, switchgear, station service, controls and protective relays l L.S . Supervisory controls 1 L.S. Communication Equipment 1 L.S. Unit Price $140,000 $80,000 $20,000 Subtotal · A/C No. 334 -Accessory Elect. Equip. MISCELLANEOUS MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT 5-ton Overhead Crane 1 Each $15,000 Miscellaneous Equipment 1 L.S. $8,000 Subtotal · A/C No. 335 -Misc. Mechanical Equipment ROADS, RAILROADS AND BRIDGES Upgrade Existing Logging Road 3.10 Mile New Road to Dams 1. 70 Mile Grade and surface exist. P.H. road 6.00 Mile Subtotal -A/C No. 336 · Roads, Railroads and LAND AND LAND RIGHTS Land Rights · Transmission Facil. 0 L.S. Subtotal · A/C No. 330 -Land and Land Rights SUBSTATION EQUIPMENT AND STRUCTURES SYITCHYARD Transformer (4.16/34.5kV) 1 L.S . Switches, Breakers and Misc. Equip 1 L.S. $50,000 $65,000 $40,000 Bridges $0 $30,000 $30,000 Subtotal -Yalker Lake Switchyard KLUKWAN SUBSTATION Transformer (34.5kV/12.47kV) 1 L.S. Switches, Breakers and Misc. Equip 1 L.S. Subtotal -Klawock Substation Subtotal -A/C No. 353 -Substation Equipment -4 - $27,000 $30,000 lO·Feb ~~ Amount($) 140,000 80,000 20,000 --... ---··---.. 240,000 ----------.. - 15,000 8,000 ................... _____ 23,000 ................ _ ... ___ 155,000 110,500 240,000 .......... ___ .. ___ 505,500 ___ .. ___ ............ 0 ..................... -..... 0 .......... ,.. ... ___ .,._. 30.000 30,000 60,000 27,000 30,000 57,000 117.000 Occ ~acer Engineers,lnc. Alaska Power Authority FERC A/C ~Jo. 355 355 .1 .11 .12 .13 356 356 .1 . 11 . 12 .13 .14 359 . 01 .02 UALKER LAKE PROJECT ALTERNATIVE NO. 18 DETAILED COST ESTIMATE (1988 Dollars) Description POLES &~D FIXTURES POWERHOUSE TO KLUKWAN & HAINES, Poles Guys, Anchors & other material Installation Subtotal -A/C No. 355 OVERHEAD CONDUCTORS AND DEVICES POUERHOUSE TO KLUKWAN & HAINES, Conductors Insulators Hardware and Miscellaneous Installation Subtotal · A/C No. 356 34.5 Quan- tity kV, 20 1 1 20 Unit miles L.S. L.S. Mile -Poles and Fixtures 34.5 kV, 20 miles 1 L.S . 1 L.S . 1 L.S. 20 Mile . Overhead conductors, LINE CLEARING, MOBILIZE AND DEMOBILIZE Mobilize and Demobilize 1 L.S . Light Clearing 4 Acre LO-:eb-3~ Unit Amount($) Price $80,000 80,000 $27,000 27,000 $30,000 600,000 ------------ 707,000 ------.. --·-- $40,000 40,000 $60,000 60,000 $27,000 27,000 $24,000 480,000 ---------........ etc 607,000 ------... ----· $40,000 40,000 $5,000 20,000 ____ ..... _. ... _.., ..... Subtotal -A/C No. 359 -Clearing, Mob, and Demob. 60,000 - 5 - FERC Alas~a Powec Authocity Alaska Power Authority WALKER LAKE PROJECT SU~~y OF DETAILED COST ESTIMATE (1988 Dollars) ***** (ALTE&~ATIVE 2, OPTION A:) A/C No. Description Amount($) 330 Land and Land Rights 330.5 Mobilization and Logistics 331 Structures and Improvements 332 Reservoirs, Dams and Waterways 333 Turbines and Generators 334 Accessory Electrical Equipment 335 Misc. Mechanical Equipment 336 Roads, Railroads and Bridges 350 Land and Land Rights 352 Transmission Struct. and Improv. 353 Substation Equipment 355 Poles and Fixtures 356 Overhead Conductors and Devices 359 Line Clearing, Mob, and Demob. SUBTOTAL, ESTIMATED COSTS Contingency Allowance * 25.0t TOTAL ESTIMATED DIRECT COST Engineering and Administration* 17.5t TOTAL CONSTRUCTION COST 0 127,000 161,590 1,523,099 215,000 85,000 16,000 440' 500 0 n/a 48,000 232,600 209,000 60,000 3,117,789 779,447 3,897,237 682,016 $4,579,253 *Covering environmental studies and licensing (St), design and specification {6\), legal and financial fees {1.5\) and construction management (5%). - 6 - ~c-:eers. Ir.c. Alaska Power Authority WALKER LAKE PROJECT ALTERNATIVE NO. 2A DETAILED COST ESTIMATE (1988 Dollars) ... :_; • : ":2 :J • : ":r FERC A/C No. Description Quan- tity Unit Unit Amount($) Price 330 UU~D ~~D UU~D RIGHTS .01 330 .5 .51 .52 .53 .54 .55 .56 .57 331 331 .1 .11 . 12 .13 . 14 . 15 .16 .17 .18 . 19 331 . 2 .21 .22 . 23 .24 .25 .26 Land Rights -Generation Plant 0 L.S. Subtotal -A/C No. 330 ~ Land and Land Rights HOBILIZATION A.."i'D LOGISTICS Temp Const Roads for Penstock Open Storage and Helipads Covered Storage & Office Construction Power Temporary Water System Construction Surveys Subsistence 1.00 1 1 1 1 1 400 Mile L.S. L.S. L.S. L.S. L.S. Days $0 $50,000 $10,000 $8,000 $7,000 $4,000 $24,000 $60 Subtotal -A/C No. 330.5 -Mobilization and Logistics STRUCTURES AND IMPROVEMENTS POWERHOUSE Clearing Excavation Concrete (including reinforcing) Misc. Metals Partition Walls Furnishings and Fixtures Pre-eng'd Metal Superstructure HVAC and Plumbing Grounding Grid Subtotal - POWERHOUSE SITE/SWITCHYARD Fill Crushed Rock Surfacing Drainage Chain Link Fencing 16-foot Double Gate Foundations Subtotal - 1.00 160 85 1,500 1 1 512 1 1 Powerhouse 100 50 1 150 1 12 Acre C.Y . C.Y. Lb . L.S . L. S. S.F. L.S. L.S . C.Y. C.Y. L.S . L.F. Each C.Y. $5,000 $25 $650 $3.00 $3,000 $2,000 $45.00 $12,000 $12,000 $10 $20 $10,000 $30 $1,000 $600 Powerhouse SitejSwitchyard -1 - 0 0 50,000 10,000 8,000 7,000 4,000 24,000 24,000 127,000 5,000 4,000 55,250 4' 500 3,000 2,000 23,040 12,000 12,000 120,790 1,000 1,000 10,000 4,500 1,000 7,200 24,700 FERC A/C 331 332 '332 No. . 3 .31 .32 .33 .34 .35 . 2 .21 .22 .23 .24 .25 .26 .27 .28 .29 .210 332 . 3 332 .31 .311 .312 . 313 .314 .315 . 316 .317 .318 Alaska Power Au:hority UALKER LAKE PROJECT ALTERNATIVE NO. 2A DETAILED COST ESTIMATE (1988 Dollars) Description Quan-Unit tity KLGKWAN SUBSTATION Crushed Rock Surfacing 70 C.Y. Drainage 1 L.S. Chain Link Fencing 150 L.F. 16-foot Double Gate 1 Each Foundations 12 C.Y. Unit Price $20 $2,000 $30 $1,000 $600 Subtotal -Powerhouse SitejSwitchyard Subtotal -A/C No. 331 -Structures and Improvements RESERVOIRS, DAMS AND WATERWAYS DAM AND SPILLWAY AT LAKE( 2 ROCKFILL DAMS) Diversion and care of Water 1 Clearing 3.0 Common Excavation 1,156 Dumped Rockfill 1,896 Compacted Rockfill 1,200 Rip-Rap (incl. channel eros cntrl) 300 Concrete (Spillway) 66 Sluice Gates 2 Outlet Piping (3' Dia.) 250 Outlet Channel Exc. 5,867 L.S. Acre C.Y. C.Y. C.Y. C.Y. c. y. L.S. L.F. C.Y. Subtotal -Dam and Spillway WATERWAYS INTAKE AT WALKER LAKE Bedding Material Rip rap Concrete {Including reinforcing) Trashrack & Stru. Steel Steel Pipe, 14 inch diameter 14-inch diameter Gate Misc. Steel Revegetation and Erosion Control 12 25 20 1,800 70 1 600 0.4 C.Y. C.Y. C.Y. Lb. L.F. L.S . Lb. Acre Subtotal -Intake & U. Penstock -2 • $25,000 $5,000 $10 $15 $50 $35 $650 $15,000 $100 $5 $25 $15 $650 $3.00 $70.00 $6,000 $3 $2,500 Amount($) 1,400 2,000 4' 500 1,000 7,200 -----... ·-··-- 16,100 ... -..... ---........... 161,590 -----.... --...... -.. 25,000 15,000 11,556 28,444 60,000 10,500 42' 611 30,000 25,000 29,333 277.444 300 375 13 '000 5,400 4,900 6,000 l,SOO 1,000 32.775 ~a:er Enginee~s.Inc. Aiaska ?ower Authori WALKER LAKE PROJECT ALTERNATIVE NO. 2A DETAILED COST ESTIMATE (1988 Dollars) FERC Description Quan-Unit A/C No. tity 332 .32 LOW PRESSURE PIPELINE (Walker Lk. to Top of Penstock) .321 Clearing 8.9 Acre .322 Trench Excavation and Backfill 9,660 L.F. .323 Bedding Material 2,400 C.Y. .324 Steel Pipe, 14 inch diameter 9,660 L.F. .325 Revegetation and Erosion Control 8.9 Acre Subtotal -Intake & Upper Penstock 332 . 33 Penstock 332 .331 Above-ground Penstock (2,150' long) .332 Clearing (40' wide) 2.0 Acre .333 Additional Tree Removal 1 L.S. .334 Excavation 30 C.Y. .335 Concrete in Anchor Blocks 60 C.Y. .336 Structural Steel 4,000 Lb. .337 Steel Penstock, 14 inch diameter 2,150 L.F. .338 Expansion Joints 6 Each .339 Revegetation and Erosion Control 2.0 Acre Subtotal -Above-ground Penstock 332 . 34 Tailrace .341 Excavation 140 C.Y. . 342 Rip-Rap 70 C.Y . Subtotal -Tailrace Subtotal -A/C No. 332 -Res., Dams and W'ways 333 TURBINES AND GENERATORS .01 Furnish 330 HP Single-jet impulse turbine, including inlet valve, controls and governor .02 Furnish 250 kW generator .03 Install turbine-generators 1 1 1 Each Each L.S. Unit Price $5,000 $15 $20 $70.00 $2,500 $8,000 $10,000 $25.00 $650 $3.00 $80.00 $3,000 $2,500 $20.00 $25.00 $100,000 $75,000 $40,000 Subtotal -A/C No. 333 · Turbines and Generators -3 - ~ ')-;.-j-: 3 Amount($) 44,500 144,900 48,000 676,200 22,250 ......... ________ 935,850 ----·--........... 15,794 10,000 750 39,000 12,000 172,000 18,000 4,936 _ .............. _ ...... ___ 272, L80 -·----~-... 2,800 l. 750 --·----............ L,550 ---.. --.. ~-·-- 1,523.099 ----.. --........... 100. ~00 75.J)0 .:.o.coo 215.000 Jc::: :.:a:::er FERC A/C No. 334 .01 .02 .03 335 .01 .02 336 .01 .02 .03 350 . 01 353 353 .1 . 11 .12 353 .2 .21 . 22 ir:eers.rnc. Alaska Power Authority wALKER LAKE PROJECT ALTERNATIVE NO. 2A DETAILED COST ESTIMATE (1988 Dollars) Description Quan-Unit tity ACCESSORY ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT Excitation, switchgear, station service, controls and protective relays 1 L.S. Supervisory controls 1 L.S. Communication Equipment 1 L.S. Unit Price $40,000 $25,000 $20,000 Subtotal -A/C No. 334 -Accessory Elect. Equip. MISCELLANEOUS MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT 5-ton Overhead Crane 1 Each $8,000 Miscellaneous Equipment 1 L.S. $8,000 Subtotal -A/C No. 335 -Misc. Mechanical Equipment ROADS, RAILROADS AND BRIDGES Upgrade Existing Logging Road 3.10 Mile $50,000 New Road to Dams 0.70 Mile $65,000 Grade and surface exist. P.H. road 6.00 Mile $40,000 Subtotal · A/C No. 336 -Roads, Railroads and Bridges LAND AND LAND RIGHTS Land Rights -Transmission Facll. Subtotal · A/C No. 330 - SUBSTATION EQUIPMENT AND STRUCTURES SWITCHYARD Transformer (4.16/34.5kV) Switches, Breakers and Misc. Equip 0 L. S . Land and Land Rights 1 1 L.S . L. S. Subtotal -Walker Lake Switchyard KLUKWAN SUBSTATION Transformer (34.5kV/12.47kV) Switches, Breakers and Misc. Equip Subtotal - 1 1 L. S. L.S . Klawock Substation Subtotal -A/C No. 353 -Substation Equipment -4 - $0 $12,000 $12,000 $12,000 $12,000 Amount($) 40,000 25,000 20,000 ___ .......... -.... 85,000 _..,_ ... ________ 8,000 8,000 -----------· 16,000 -·-------· .. - 155,000 45,500 240,000 ___ .,. .. .,...,._.., __ ,.. 440,500 .. -...... --........... 0 ... ---.................. - 0 -.................. --... 12,000 12.000 24.000 12.000 12,000 24,000 48.000 FERC A/C No. 355 355 .1 .11 .12 .13 356 356 .1 .11 .12 .13 .14 359 . 01 .02 i.neers, Ir:.c. Alaska Power Authority wALKER LAKE PROJECT ALTERNATIVE.NO. 2A DETAILED COST ESTIMATE (1988 Dollars) Description Quan-Unit tity POLES AND FIXTURES POwERHOUSE TO KLUKwAN, 34.5 kV Poles 1 L. s. Guys, Anchors & other material 1 L.S. Installation 7.9 Mile Subtotal -A/C No. 355 -Poles and Fixtures OVERHEAD CONDUCTORS AND DEVICES POwERHOUSE TO KLUKwAN, 34.5 kV Conductors 1 L.S. Insulators 1 L.S. Hardware and Miscellaneous 1 L.S. Installation 7.9 Mile Subtotal -A/C No. 356 -Overhead conductors, LINE CLEARING, MOBILIZE AND DEMOBILIZE Mobilize and Demobilize 1 L.S . Light Clearing 4 Acre Unit Price $32,000 $11,000 $24,000 $16,000 $24,000 $11' 000 $20,000 etc $40,000 $5,000 Subtotal -A/C No. 359 -Clearing, Mob, and Demob. -s - Amount($) 32,000 11 '000 189,600 .,. ____ .. ____ ..... 232,600 ...... _,...,..., ____ .. .,. 16,000 24,000 11,000 158,000 _____ ,. ............... 209,000 __ ... _________ 40,000 20,000 .......... _ .. ______ 60,000 ... -............ --,. ....... Ott ~ater Engineers,Inc. Alaska Power Authority Alaska Powe~ Authority WALKER LAKE PROJECT SUMMARY OF DETAILED COST ESTIMATE {1988 Dollars) ***** (ALTERNATIVE 2, OPTION B:) FERC A/C No. Description 330 Land and Land Rights 330.5 Mobilization and Logistics 331 Structures and Improvements 332 Reservoirs, Dams and Waterways 333 Turbines and Generators 334 Accessory Electrical Equipment 335 Misc. Mechanical Equipment 336 Roads, Railroads and Bridges 350 Land and Land Rights 352 Transmission Struct. and Improv. 353 Substation Equipment 355 Poles and Fixtures 356 Overhead Conductors and Devices 359 Line Clearing, Mob, and Demob. SUBTOTAL, ESTIMATED COSTS Contingency Allowance * 25.0' TOTAL ESTIMATED DIRECT COST Engineering and Administration* 17.5' TOTAL CONSTRUCTION COST Amount($) 0 1331000 241,760 2,045,328 510,000 240,000 23,000 505,500 0 n/a 117,000 707,000 607,000 60,000 5,189,588 1,297,397 6,486,985 1,135,222 $7,622,208 *Covering environmental studies and licensing (5,), design and specification (6,), legal and financial fees (1.5') and construction management (5%}. 10-Feb-88 Ott ~ater Engineers,Inc. Alaska Power Authority WALKER LAKE PROJECT ALTERNATIVE NO. 28 DETAILED COST ESTIMATE (1988 Dollars) 10-Feb-88 FERC A/C No. Description Quan- tity Unit Unit Amount($) Price 330 LAND AND LAND RIGHTS .01 330 .5 .51 .52 .53 .54 .55 .56 .57 331 331 .1 .11 .12 .13 . 14 . 15 . 16 .17 .18 .19 331 .2 .21 .22 .23 . 24 .25 .26 Land Rights -Generation Plant 0 L.S. Subtotal -A/C No. 330 -Land and Land Rights MOBILIZATION AND LOGISTICS Temp Const Roads for Penstock Open Storage and Helipads Covered Storage & Office Construction Power Temporary Water System Construction Surveys Subsistence 1.00 1 1 1 1 1 500 Mile L.S. L.S. L.S. L. S. L.S. Days $0 $50,000 $10,000 $8,000 $7,000 $4,000 $24,000 $60 Subtotal -A/C No. 330.5 -Mobilization and Logistics STRUCTURES AND IMPROVEMENTS POWERHOUSE Clearing Excavation Concrete (including reinforcing) Misc. Metals Partition Walls Furnishings and Fixtures Pre-eng'd Metal Superstructure HVAC and Plumbing Grounding Grid Subtotal · POWERHOUSE SITE/SWITCHYARD Fill Crushed Rock Surfacing Drain&&• Chain Link Fencing 16-foot Double Gate Foundations Subtotal · 1.60 220 150 1,500 1 1 988 1 1 Powerhouse 160 80 1 200 1 16 Acre C.Y. C.Y. Lb . L.S . L.S . S.F. L.S. L.S. C.Y. C.Y. L.S. L.F. Each C.Y. $5,000 $25 $650 $3.00 $3,000 $2,000 $45.00 $12,000 $12,000 $10 $20 $10,000 $30 $1,000 $600 Powerhouse Site/Switchyard - 1 - 0 0 50,000 10,000 8,000 7,000 4,000 24,000 30,000 133 '000 8,000 5.500 97. 500 4,500 3.000 2,000 44,460 12.000 12.000 188.~60 1.600 ~ -soo :) ~00 -s ~.oo l )00 ~.600 29.goo Ott Water Engineers,Inc. Alaska Power Authority FERC A/C ~0. 331 . 3 . 31 .32 .33 .34 .35 332 332 .2 .21 .22 .23 .24 .25 .26 .27 .28 .29 .210 332 . 3 332 .31 . 311 . 312 . 313 .314 . 315 . 316 .317 .318 WALKER LAKECPROJECT ALTERNATIVE NO. 2B DETAILED COST ESTIMATE (1988 Dollars) Description Quan· Unit tity KLUKW&~ SUBSTATION Crushed Rock Surfacing 100 C.Y. Drainage 1 L.S. Chain Link Fencing 200 L.F. 16-foot Double Gate 1 Each Foundations 20 C.Y. Unit Price $20 $2,000 $30 $1,000 $600 Subtotal · Powerhouse Site/Switchyard Subtotal · A/C No. 331 . Structures and Improvements RESERVOIRS, DAMS AND WATERWAYS DAM AND SPillWAY AT LAKE( 2 ROCKFIU DAMS) Diversion and care of Water 1 L.S. $25,000 Clearing 3.0 Acre $5,000 Common Excavation 1,156 C.Y. $10 Dumped Rockfill 1,896 C.Y. $15 Compacted Rockfill 1,200 C.Y. $50 Rip-Rap (incl. channel eros cntrl) 300 C.Y. $35 Concrete (Spillway) 66 C.Y. $650 Sluice Gates 2 L.S. $15,000 Outlet Piping (3' Dia.) 250 L.F. $100 Outlet Channel Exc. 5,867 C.Y. $5 Subtotal • Dam and Spillway WATERWAYS INTAKE AT WALKER LAKE Bedding Material 20 C.Y . $25 Rip rap 25 C.Y . $15 Concrete (Including reinforcing) 30 C.Y . $650 Trasbrack & Stru. Steel 3,000 Lb. $3.00 Steel Pipe, 24 inch diameter 70 L.F . $100.00 24-incb diameter Gate 1 L.S . $10,000 Misc. Steel 1,000 Lb. $3 Revegetation and Erosion Control 0.4 Acre $2,500 Subtotal -Intake & U. Penstock . 2 - iO-Feb-88 Amount($) 2,000 2,000 6,000 1,000 12,000 ...... -.............. -- 23,000 -------.............. 241,760 ............................ 25;000 15,000 11' 556 28,444 60,000 10,500 42' 611 30,000 25,000 29,333 ---····----- 277 '444 ---·-.. -· ........... 500 375 19.500 9.000 7,000 10,000 3,000 1.000 ____ ,.. __ ,., ..... _ .. 50.375 .. ...... --... --.... ,.. Ott Water Engineers,Inc. Alaska Power Authority wALKER LAKE·PROJECT ALTERNATIVE NO. 2B DETAILED COST ESTIMATE (1988 Dollars) FERC A/C No. 332 .32 .321 .322 .323 .324 .325 Description LOw PRESSURE PIPELINE (walker Lk. Clearing Trench Excavation and Backfill Bedding Material Steel Pipe, 24 inch diameter Revegetation and Erosion Control Quan· tity to Top of 8.9 9,660 3,000 9,660 8.9 Unit Penstock) Acre L.F. C.Y. L.F. Acre Subtotal -Intake & Upper Penstock 332 .33 332 .331 .332 .333 . 334 . 335 . 336 . 337 . 338 .339 Penstock Above-ground Penstock (2,150' long) Clearing (40' wide) Additional Tree Removal Excavation Concrete in Anchor Blocks Structural Steel Steel Penstock, 24 inch diameter Expansion Joints Revegetation and Erosion Control 2.0 1 40 100 8,000 2,150 6 2.0 Acre L.S . C.Y . C.Y . Lb . L.F . Each Acre Subtotal -Above-ground Penstock 332 .34 .341 .342 Tailrace Excavation Rip-Rap Subtotal - 240 110 Tailrace C.Y. C.Y. Subtotal-A/C No. 332-Res., Dams and ~·ways 333 TURBINES AND GENERATOltS .01 Furnish 1200 HP Multi-jet impulse turbine, including inlet valve, controls and governor .02 Furnish 920 kW generator . 03 Install turbine-generators 1 1 1 Each Each L.S . Unit Price $5,000 $20 $20 $100.00 $2,500 $8,000 $10,000 $25.00 $650 $3.00 $130.00 $4,000 $2,500 $20.00 $25.00 $230,000 $200,000 $80,000 Subtotal -A/C No. 333 -Turbines and Generators • 3 • 10-Feb-88 Amount:($) 44,353 193,200 60,000 966,000 22,176 1,285,729 15,794 10,000 1,000 65,000 24,000 279,500 24,000 4,936 424,230 4, BOO 2,750 7,550 2,045,328 230,000 200,000 80,000 510,000 Ott ~ater Engineers,Inc. Alaska Power Authority WALKER LAKE PROJECT ALTERNATIVE NO. 2B DETAILED COST ESTIMATE (1988 Dollars) 10-Feb-33 FERC A/C No. Description Quan- tity Unit Unit Amount($) 334 ACCESSORY ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT .01 Excitation, switchgear, station service, controls and protective relays 1 . 02 Supervisory controls 1 . 03 Communication Equipment 1 L.S . L.S . L.S. Price $140,000 $80,000 $20,000 Subtotal -A/C No. 334 -Accessory Elect. Equip. 335 MISCELLANEOUS MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT .01 5-ton Overhead Crane .02 Miscellaneous Equipment 1 1 Each L.S. $15,000 $8,000 Subtotal -A/C No. 335 -Misc. Mechanical Equipment 336 ROADS, RAILROADS AND BRIDGES .01 Upgrade Existing Logging Road .02 New Road to Dams .03 Grade and surface exist. P.H. road 3.10 1. 70 6.00 Mile Mile Mile $50,000 $65,000 $40,000 Subtotal -A/C No. 336 • Roads, Railroads and Bridges 350 LAND AND LAND RIGHTS .01 353 353 .1 . 11 . 12 353 . 2 . 21 .22 Land Rights -Transmission Facil. 0 L.S. Subtotal -A/C No. 330 -Land and Land Rights SUBSTATION EQUIPMENT AND STRUCTURES S'WITCHYARD Transformer (4.16/34.5kV) Switches, Breakers and Misc. Equip 1 1 L. S • L. S . $0 $30,000 $30,000 Subtotal -Walker Lake Switchyard KLUK'WAN SUBSTATION Transformer (34.5kV/12.47kV) Switches, Breakers and Misc. Equip Subtotal - 1 1 L. S • L.S. Klawock Substation Subtotal -A/C No. 353 -Substation Equipment - 4 - $27,000 $30,000 140,000 80,000 20,000 240,000 15,000 8,000 23,000 155,000 110,500 240,000 505,500 0 0 30,000 30,000 60,000 27.000 30.000 57.000 117 '000 Ott water Engineers,Inc. Alaska Power Authority FERC A/C No. 355 355 .1 .11 .12 .13 356 356 .1 .11 . 12 .13 .14 359 .01 .02 WALKER LAKE PROJECT ALTERNATIVE NO. 2B DETAILED COST ESTIMATE (1988 Dollars) Description POLES AND FIXTURES POWERHOUSE TO KLUKWAN & HAINES, Poles Guys, Anchors & other material Installation Subtotal -A/C No. 355 OVERHEAD CONDUCTORS AND DEVICES POWERHOUSE TO KLUKWAN & HAINES, Conductors Insulators Hardware and Miscellaneous Installation 34.5 Quan- tity kV, 20 1 1 20 Unit miles L.S. L.S. Mile -Poles and Fixtures 34.5 kV, 20 miles 1 L.S. 1 L.S . 1 L.S. 20 Mile Subtotal -A/C No. 356 -Overhead conductors, LINE CLEARING, MOBILIZE AND DEMOBILIZE Mobilize and Demobilize 1 L.S. Light Clearing 4 Acre 10-Feb-88 Unit Amount($) Price $80,000 80,000 $27,000 27,000 $30,000 600,000 ................ ____ .,._ 707,000 -----------... $40,000 40,000 $60,000 60,000 $27,000 27,000 $24,000 480,000 ---------··· etc 607,000 ------------ $40,000 40,000 $5,000 20,000 ..................... -.. Subtotal -A/C No. 359 -Clearing, Mob, and Demob. 60,000 ·-·--------- - 5 - Ott Water Engineers,Inc. Alaska Power Authority Alaska Power Authority WALKER LAKE PROJECT SUMMARY OF DETAILED COST ESTIMATE (1988 Dollars) ***** (ALTERNATIVE 3, OPTION B:) FERC A/C No. Description 330 Land and Land Rights 330.5 Mobilization and Logistics 331 Structures and Improvements 332 Reservoirs, Dams and Waterways 333 Turbines and Generators 334 Accessory Electrical Equipment 335 Misc. Mechanical Equipment 336 Roads, Railroads and Bridges 350 Land and Land Rights 352 Transmission Struct. and Improv. 353 Substation Equipment 355 Poles and Fixtures 356 Overhead Conductors and Devices 359 Line Clearing, Mob, and Demob. SUBTOTAL, ESTIMATED COSTS Contingency Allowance * 25.0t TOTAL ESTIMATED DIRECT COST Engineering and Administration* 17.5' TOTAL CONSTRUCTION COST Amount($) 0 193,000 303,900 3,092,759 920,000 420,000 40,000 602,500 0 n/a 205,000 787,000 715.000 60,000 7,339,159 1, 834,790 9,173,949 1,605,441 $10.779.390 *Covering environmental studies and licensing (5,), design and specification (6,), legal and financial fees (1.5') and construction management (5,}. 10-Feb-88 Ott Water Engineers,Inc. Alaska Power Authority WALKER LAKE PROJECT ALTERNATIVE NO. 38 DETAILED COST ESTIMATE (1988 Dollars) 10-Feb-33 FERG A/G No. Description Quan· tity Unit Unit Amount($) Price 330 LAND AND LAND RIGHTS .01 330 .5 .51 .52 .53 .54 .55 .56 .57 .58 331 331 .1 .11 .12 .13 .14 .15 .16 . 17 .18 . 19 331 .2 .21 . 22 .23 .24 .25 .26 Land Rights · Generation Plant 0 L.S. Subtotal -A/C No. 330 -Land and Land Rights HOSILIZATION AND LOGISTICS Temp Const Roads for Penstock Open Storage and Helipads Covered Storage & Office Construction Power Temporary Water System Construction Surveys Bridge across Walker Ck Subsistence 1.00 1 1 1 1 1 1 800 Mile L.S. L.S. L.S. L.S. L.S. L.S. Days $0 $50,000 $10,000 $10,000 $10,000 $5,000 $30,000 $30,000 $60 Subtotal -A/C No. 330.5 -Mobilization and Logistics STRUCTURES AND IMPROVEMENTS POWERHOUSE Clearing Excavation Concrete (including reinforcing) Misc. Metals Partition Walls Furnishings and Fixtures Pre-eng'd Metal Superstructure HVAC and Plumbing Grounding Grid Subtotal - POWERHOUSE SITE/SWITCHYARD Fill Crushed Rock Surfacing Drainage Chain Link Fencing 16-foot Double Gate Foundations Subtotal • 2 300 200 2,000 1 1 1,320 1 1 Powerhouse 200 100 1 200 1 20 Acre C.Y. C.Y. Lb. L.S. L.S. S.F . L.S. L.S . C.Y. C.Y . L.S. L.F. Each C.Y. $5,000 $25 $650 $3.00 $3,000 $2,000 $45.00 $15,000 $15,000 $10 $20 $10,000 $30 $1,000 $600 Powerhouse Site/Switchyard -1 - 0 0 50,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 5,000 30,000 30,000 48,000 193,000 10,000 7,500 130.000 6,000 3,000 2,000 59,400 15,000 15,000 247,900 2,000 2,000 10,000 6,000 1.000 12,000 33,000 Ott Water Engineers,Inc. Alaska Power Authority FERC A/C No. 331 .3 .31 .32 .33 .34 .35 332 332 .1 .11 .12 .13 .14 .15 .16 .17 .18 332 .2 .21 .22 .23 . 24 . 25 . 26 . 27 .28 .29 . 210 WALKER LAKE PROJECT ALTERNATIVE NO. 3B DETAILED COST ESTIMATE (1988 Dollars) Description Quan-Unit tity KLUKWAN SUBSTATION Crushed Rock Surfacing 100 C.Y. Drainage 1 L.S. Chain Link Fencing 200 L.F. 16-foot Double Gate 1 Each Foundations 20 C.Y. Unit Price $20 $2,000 $30 $1,000 $600 Subtotal -Powerhouse Site/Switchyard Subtotal -A/C No. 331 -Structures and Improvements RESERVOIRS, DAMS AND WATERWAYS DAM AND SPILLWAY ON LITTLE SALMON Diversion and care of Water 1 L.S. $20,000 Clearing 1.0 Acre $5,000 Common Excavation 150 C.Y. $15 Rip-Rap 357 C.Y. $35 Mass Concrete 176 C.Y. $400 Structural Concrete 20 C.Y. $650 Miscellaneous Metals 1,200 Lb. $4.00 Sluice Gate 1 L.S. 15000 Subtotal -Dam and Spillway DAM AND SPILLWAY AT LAKE( 2 ROCKFILL DAMS) Diversion and care of Water 1 L.S. $25,000 Clearing 3.0 Acre $5,000 Common Excavation 1,156 C.Y. $10 Dumped Rock£111 1,896 C.Y . $15 Compacted Rockfill 1,200 C.Y . $50 Rip-Rap (incl. channel eros cntrl) 300 C.Y . $35 Concrete (Spillway) 66 C.Y . $650 Sluice Gates 2 L.S. $15,000 Outlet Piping (3' Dia.) 250 L.F. $100 Outlet Channel Exc • 5,867 C.Y. $5 Subtotal -Dam and Spillway -2 - 10-Feb-88 Amount($) 2,000 2,000 6,000 1,000 12,000 ................... _ .. __ 23,000 ......... -................... 303,900 ___ .., ................ __ 20,000 5,000 2,250 12,507 70,400 13,000 4,800 15,000 ................................ 142,957 ------.. ----- 25,000 15,000 11' 556 28,444 60,000 10,500 42.611 30,000 25,000 29,333 ........................... - 277,444 ------------ Occ Water Engineers,Inc. Alaska Power Authority FERC A/C No. 332 . 3 332 . 31 . 311 .312 . 313 .314 .315 .316 .317 .319 '3110 . 3111 332 .32 .321 .322 .323 . 324 .325 .326 . 327 .328 332 .33 .331 . 332 .333 .334 .335 WALKER LAKE PROJECT ALTE&~ATIVE NO. 3B DETAILED COST ESTIMATE (1988 Dollars) Description WATERWAYS Quan- tity Unit INTAKE ON LITTLE Clearing SALMON RIVER & PIPELINE TO WALKER LAKE Bedding Material Pipe Backfill Rip rap Concrete (Including reinforcing) Trashrack & Stru. Steel Hi dnsty poly., 18" Dia. (instld) 18-inch diameter Gate Misc. Steel Revegetation and Erosion Control 2 Acre 143 C.Y. 1119 C.Y. 15 C.Y. 40 C.Y. 2,000 Lb. 5,810 L.F. 1 Each 1,000 Lb. 0.4 Acre Subtotal -Intake & U. Pipeline INTAKE AT WALKER LAKE Bedding Material Rip rap Concrete (Including reinforcing) Trashrack & Stru. Steel Steel Pipe, 30 inch diameter 30-inch diameter Gate Valve Misc. Steel Revegetation and Erosion Control 20 25 30 10,500 70 1 1,000 0.4 C.Y. C.Y. C.Y. Lb . L.F. Each Lb . Acre Subtotal · Intake & U. Penstock LOW PRESSURE PIPELINE (Walker Lk. Clearing Trench Excavation and Backfill Bedding Material Steel Pipe, 30 inch diameter Revegetation and Erosion Control to Top of 8.9 9,660 4,000 9,660 8.9 Penstock) Acre L.F . C.Y. L.F. Acre Subtotal -Intake & Upper Penstock -3 • lO·t'eb-88 Unit Amount($) Price $5,000 $25 $15 $35 $650 $3.00 $55.00 $4,000 $3 $2,500 $25 $15 $650 $3.00 $130.00 $15,000 $3 $2,500 $5,000 $25 $20 $130.00 $2,500 10,000 3,586 16,784 525 26,000 6,000 319,550 4,000 3,000 1,000 390,446 500 375 19,500 31,500 9,100 15,000 3,000 1,000 79,975 44,353 241,500 80,000 1,255,800 22,176 1,643,829 Ott Water Engineers,Inc. Alaska Power Authority WALKER LAKE PROJECT ALTERNATIVE NO. 3B DETAILED COST ESTIMATE (1988 Dollars) FERC A/C No. 332 .34 332 . 341 .342 .343 .344 .345 .346 .347 .348 .349 Description Penstock Above-ground Penstock (2,150' long) Clearing (40' wide) Additional Tree Removal Excavation Concrete in Anchor Blocks Structural Steel Steel Penstock, 30 inch diameter Expansion Joints Revegetation and Erosion Control Quan- tity 2.0 1 so 120 11,000 2,150 6 2.0 Unit Acre L.S. C.Y. C.Y. lb. L.F. Each Acre Unit Price $8,000 $10,000 $25.00 $650 $3.00 $175.00 $4,500 $2,500 Subtotal -Above-ground Penstock 332 .35 .351 .352 Tailrace Excavation Rip-Rap Subtotal - 370 179 Tailrace C.Y. C.Y. Subtotal-A/C No. 332-Res., Dams and W'ways 333 TURBINES AND GENERATORS .01 Furnish 3000 HP Multi-jet impulse turbine, including inlet valve, controls and governor .02 Furnish 2300 kW generator .03 Install turbine-generators 1 1 1 Each Each L.S. $20.00 $25.00 $450,000 $350,000 $120,000 Subtotal -A/C No. 333 -Turbines and Generators 334 ACCESSORY ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT .01 Excitation, switchgear, station service, controls and protective relays 1 .02 ·Supervisory controls 1 .03 Communication Equipment 1 L.S. L.S. L.S. $260,000 $140,000 $20,000 Subtotal -A/C No. 334 -Accessory Elect. Equip. 335 MISCELLANEOUS MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT .01 10-ton Overhead Crane .02 Miscellaneous Equipment 1 1 Each L.S. $30,000 $10,000 Subtotal -A/C No. 335 -Misc. Mechanical Equipment - 4 - l0-Feb-8S Amount($) 15,794 10,000 1,250 78,000 33,000 376,250 27 '000 4,936 546,230 7,407 4,471 11,878 3,092,759 450,000 350,000 120,000 920,000 260,000 140,000 20,000 420,000 30,000 10,000 40,000 Ott Water Engineers,Inc. Alaska Power Authority FERC A/C No. 336 .01 .02 .03 . 04 .OS 350 .01 353 353 .1 .11 .12 353 . 2 .21 .22 355 355 .1 .11 . 12 .13 356 356 .1 .11 .12 .13 .14 YALKER LAKE PROJECT ALTERNATIVE NO. 3B DETAILED COST ESTIMATE (1988 Dollars) Description Quan-Unit tity ROADS, RAILROADS AND BRIDGES Upgrade Existing Logging Road 3.10 Mile New Road to Dams 1. 70 Mile New Road to Little Salmon Diversn 0.8 Mile 60-foot Prefab . Bridge Installed 1.00 Each Grade and surface exist. P.H. road 6.00 Mile Unit Price $50,000 $65,000 $65,000 $45,000 $40,000 Subtotal • A/C No. 336 -Roads, Railroads and Bridges LAND AND LAND RIGHTS Land Rights · Transmission Facil. 0 L.S. $0 Subtotal · A/C No. 330 . Land and Land Rights SUBSTATION EQUIPMENT AND STRUCTURES SWITCHYARD Transformer (4.16/34.5kV) 1 L.S. $55,000 Switches, Breakers and Misc. Equip 1 L. S. $55,000 Subtotal -Walker Lake Switchyard KLUKWAN SUBSTATION Transformer (34.5kV/12.47kV) 1 L.S. $45,000 Switches, Breakers and Misc. Equip 1 L.S. $50,000 Subtotal -Klawock Substation Subtotal -A/C No. 353 -Substation Equipment POLES AND FIXTURES POWERHOUSE TO KLUKYAN & HAINES, 34.5 kV, 20 miles Poles 1 L. S. $80,000 Guys, Anchors & other material 1 L.S . $27,000 Installation 20 Mile $34,000 Subtotal • A/C No. 355 -Poles and Fixtures OVERHEAD CONDUCTORS AND DEVICES POWERHOUSE TO KLUKWAN & HAINES, 34.5 kV, 20 miles Conductors 1 L.S. $68,000 Insulators 1 L. S. $80,000 Hardware and Miscellaneous 1 L.S. $27,000 Installation 20 Mile $27,000 Subtotal • A/C No. 356 -Overhead conductors, etc - 5 - 10-Feb-88 Amount($) 155,000 llO, 500 52,000 45 '000 240,000 -----·------ 602,500 --·----.. --... - 0 ..................... ____ 0 ---·-------- 55,000 55,000 ____ .......... -.... - 110 '000 --.... -.. "' ....... "" ... - 45,000 50.000 ... -... -.... -......... - 95,000 ___ ..................... _ 205,000 ................ -...... - 80,000 2 7. 000 680,000 .............................. 787.000 ... ... -..... -.......... -- 68,000 80.000 2 7. 000 540,000 .......................... _ 71 s. 000 -""' ...... --~ -....... Ott Water Engineers,Inc. Alaska Power Authority 10-Feb-83 FERC A/C No. 359 .01 .02 ~ALKER LAKE·PROJECT ALTERNATIVE NO. 3B DETAILED COST ESTIMATE (1988 Dollars) Description Quan-Unit tity LINE CLEARING, MOBILIZE AND DEMOBILIZE Mobilize and Demobilize 1 L.S. Light Clearing 4 Acre Unit Amount($) Price $40,000 $5,000 40,000 20,000 Subtotal -A/C No. 359 -Clearing, Mob, and Demob. 60,000 • 6 -