HomeMy WebLinkAboutReconnaissance Survey for Hydroelectric Turbine Sites 2009TERR AS .
TERRESTRIAL AND SEA FLOOR MAPPING
Reconnaissance Survey for
Hydroelectric Turbine Sites
YUKON RIVER AT RUBY, ALASKA
May 20,2009
Version 3.0
Prepared for
The Yukon River Inter-Tribal Watershed Council
Prepared by:
TerraSond Ltd.
1617 S . Industrial Way, Suite 3
Palmer, AK 99645
Phone : (907) 745-7215
Web Site: www.terrasond .com
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0 GEODESY & NAVIGATION .......................................................................................................... 1~1
1.1 GEODETIC NETWORK .................................................................................................................... 1-1
1.1.1 Monument H-1 2009 .......................................................................................................... 1-2
1.1.2 Monument H-2 2009 .......................................................................................................... 1-3
1.1.3 Monument RBY A ............................................................................................................... 1-4
1.2 NAVIGATION ................................................................................................................................. 1-5
1.3 TERRESTRIAL SURVEY .................................................................................................................. 1-5
2.0 HYDROGRAPHY ........................................................................................................................... 2~7
2.1 ACQUISITION OF HYDROGRAPHIC DATA .......................................................................................... 2-8
2. 1. 1 Acquisition of Muftibeam data ............................................................................................ 2-8
2. 1.2 Acquisition of Side Scan Sonar ........................................................................................ 2-11
2.2 HYDROGRAPHIC PROCESSING ..................................................................................................... 2-13
2. 2. 1 Application of Control Information .................................................................................... 2-13
2.2.2 Muftibeam Echosounder Processing ............................................................................... 2-13
2.2.3 Vessel Editor .................................................................................................................... 2-14
2.2.4 Raw Data Conversion ...................................................................................................... 2-14
2.2.5 Navigation Editor .............................................................................................................. 2-14
2.2.6 Attitude Editor ................................................................................................................... 2-15
2.2. 7 Sound Velocity Editor ....................................................................................................... 2-15
2.2.8 GPS Tide Computation and Merge .................................................................................. 2-15
2.2.9 Subset Editor .................................................................................................................... 2-16
2.2.10 Caris BASE Surlaces ....................................................................................................... 2-16
2. 2. 11 Processing of Side Scan Sonar ....................................................................................... 2-17
2.3 HYDROGRAPHIC PRODUCTS ........................................................................................................ 2-18
2.3.1 Bathymetric DEM gridded dataset and imagery .............................................................. 2-18
2.3.2 Acoustic Intensity Mosaic ..................................................................................................... 2-21
2.3.3 Hazard for Construction and Danger to Navigation List .................................................. 2-22
2.4 IMPORTANT NOTE ....................................................................................................................... 2-26
3.0 HYDROKINETICS ....................................................................................................................... 3-27
3.1 ACQUISITION AND PROCESSING OF DISCHARGE MEASUREMENT.. .................................................. 3-28
3.2 ACQUISITION AND PROCESSING OF CURRENT MAGNITUDE IMAGERY .............................................. 3-29
4.0 PLANNING INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT .................................................................... 4-31
5.0 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ........................................................................... 4~36
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MAY 2010
TABLE OF APPENDICES
A GEODETIC INFORMATION
8 CURRENT MAGNITUDE IMAGES
C DVD-PROCESSED DATA
D FLEDERMAUS DIGITAL PRESENTATION
E 2009 TURBINE PLACEMENT POSTER
LIST OF TABLES
Tobie One
Tobie Two
Tobie Three
Table Four
Table Five
Table Six
Table Seven
Monument H-1 2009
Monument H-2 2009
Monument RBY A
List of Terrestrial Survey Points
Technical information for the Teledyne Odom ES3 MBES
Technical information for the lmagenix Yellow/in Side-Scan Sonar
List of Obstructions interpreted from the MBES and SSS data sets
LIST OF GRAPHICS
Graphic A-
Graphic B-
Graphic C-
Graphic 0-
Graphic E-
Graphic F-
Graphic G-
Graphic H-
Graphic/-
Graphic J-
Graphic K-
Graphic L-
Graphic M-
Graphic N-
Graphic 0-
Graphic P-
Graphic Q-
Graphic R-
GraphicS-
Graphic T-
Graphic U-
Graphic V-
Graphic W-
Graphic X-
Graphic Y-
Graphic Z-
Graphic AA-
Graphic BB-
Graphic CC-
Graphic DO-
Graphic EE-
Graphic FF-
Graphic GG-
Project area, vicinity of Ruby, AK
Location of H-1 2009
Monument H-1 2009
Location of H-2 2009
Monument H-2 2009
Location of RBY A
Monument RBY A
Bathymetric contours generated from the MBES survey
Teledyne Odom ES3 Multibeam Echosounder Sonar
Preprocessed MBES Matrix as acquired in the field
Acquisition of Sound Velocity Profile measurement
Navigation tower requiring innovative solutions for remote survey operations
Ruby Tribal Council Jon Boat as survey vessel of opportunity
lmagenix Side Scan Sonar
Side scan sonar coverage area
Image of Bathymetric Surface (scaled by depth)
Acoustic Intensity Mosaic Image
Geologic Interpretation of the Riverbed near the project site
Charted vs. Uncharted boundary for Dangers and Hazards
Average discharge behavior on the Yukon River (Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4204}
Obstruction locations over project area
Zone of Avoidance due to Danger to Navigation obstructions in the vicinity of the 2008 deployment site
AOCP Transect lines for current velocity measurements across the Yukon River
Ship track line from the ADCP referencing both the geodetic navigation and the bottom tracking navigation
Current Magnitude for Transect G illustrating the current distribution across the alveus
Processed current magnitude images for the nearest three transects to the Power Junction Box
Processed current magnitude for Line A as it flows into the project area of interest
Original choice for 2009 Turbine Site A while in the field
Processed Bathymetry showing locations of infrastructure positions
Slope Analysis with Anchor Sites and Zone of Caution
Image from the Fledermaus Presentation for the profile demonstrated in Graphic CC
Drawing of the TerraSond recommendation for positioning of the anchors and turbine
Image from ESRI Presentation for the river including general geomorphology
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1-2
1 3
J 4
1·6
29
2-12
2 25
11
1·?
1-2
1 3
1 3
1-4
.14
2-7
2-8
2-9
2-10
210
211
2-11
2-12
2 20
2-21
2-22
2-23
2 24
2 25
2-2S
3-27
3-28
3-30
4 31
4-31
4-32
4-33
4-34
4-34
4-35
4-35
MAY 2010
PROJECT SUMMARY
On May 20, 2009, TerraSond Ltd. (TerraSond) mobilized under contract for Yukon River Inter-
Tribal Watershed Council (YRITWC) to Ruby, Alaska. The contract specified the recording,
processing, analysis, and presentation of remotely sensed data for the purpose of interpreting
the physical characteristics for an In-river Hydrokinetic Power Conversion Proof-of-Concept
Project. TerraSond acquired measurements along a 350 m (288,301 m2 ) stretch of Yukon River.
The purpose of this project was to identify optimum candidate sites for turbine placement.
The scope of the field effort included establishing a local terrestrial geodetic network, measuring
discharge flow, measuring current velocity, measuring bathymetric, and subsurface riverbed
reflectivity.
TerraSond calculated a Minimally Controlled Geodetic Network for Ruby. Two new monuments
were established in the vicinity of the survey area. Simultaneous static GPS measurements
were acquired on each monument and incorporated into the control network (H-1 2009, H-2
2009, and RBY A). The Geodetic network was originally measured in WGS84 space and
controlled by holding RBY A fixed as the published NGS value. The values initially used for H-1
2009 and H-2 2009 were an average of multiple OPUS solutions, however, these values were
slightly deformed in the final computation of the relationships of the Geodetic Network. The
primary monument used as the base station transmitting real time kinematic (RTK) corrections
is H-1 2009. River elevation was measured each day with RTK corrected GPS receivers in
order to measure river stage and to calculate the gradient of the river. The river level receded 68
em during the acquisition period of this project. The river elevation at the start of project was
established as the project datum. All depth values in this report reference this datum, all
elevations reference the WGS84 ellipsoid. The relationship of the project vertical datum is
55.000 m above the WGS84 ellipsoid.
The final calculated position for H-1 2009 is:
LAT: N 64° 44' 24.82019"
LONG: W 155° 29' 30.75642"
ELEVATION: 61.1 m (WGS84 Ellipsoid)
TerraSond relied heavily upon the infrastructure of Ruby and the support of the Ruby Tribal
Council in order to accomplish our project goals. TerraSond surveyed a Jon Boat owned by the
Ruby Tribal Council and established a precision survey vessel of opportunity. TerraSond
deployed a roving pole mounted Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler, a pole mounted Multibeam
Echosounder, a towed Side Scan Sonar, and various Global Positioning System Equipment.
The compass and the heading of the ADCP were calibrated and the moving bottom of the
Yukon River was measured. Four across river current velocity profiles were measured along the
primary line (Line D) and TerraSond computed a discharge value (11 ,300 m3 /s) at the beginning
of the project. Seven across-river roving transects were acquired for with the ADCP at an
interval distance of 45.72 m separation.
The bathymetric survey yielded an interpolated surface with consistent and predictable topology
across the entire alveus. Only the southern portion of this surface was interpreted for Dangers
to Navigation (DtoN) or Hazards for Construction (HforC). The area south of the thalweg was
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acquired with significant overlap and can be considered to be a fully ensonified riverbed. The
portion north of the Thalweg was acquired without overlap and approximately 75% of the
surface area was ensonified. Although obstructions were identified in this zone, the portion north
of the thalweg has not been interpreted for DtoN nor HforC. The minimum depth measured of
the alveus was 2.8 m with a maximum depth in the thalweg was of 13.7 m.
The Side Scan Sonar (SSS) acoustic imagery yielded a mosaic image of the river bed. The area
acquired for this project is coincident with the contiguous bathymetric data and includes the
southern portion of the survey area. Individual records from the SSS were analysis for
obstructions and were used in the interpretation of the riverbed geology. A normalized
composite of the SSS records was assembled to produce a mosaic image of the riverbed. This
composite imagery demonstrates more motion artifact then desired due to the instability of the
towed fish in the turbulent environment of the Yukon at this site. Although of low aesthetic
quality, the mosaic and the products from the SSS were critical for the identification of DtoN,
HforC, and for the geologic interpretation. The confidence associated with targets and geologic
interpretation was very high when correlated with the bathymetric geomorphology surface.
The delivered products from this effort included:
Terrestrial Survey Monuments (Three)
Discharge Computation
Current Transect Images (Seven)
Sound Velocity Measurements
River Temperature Measurements
Digital Elevation Model
Side Scan Mosaic Image
Obstruction List
Interpretation of the above products resulted in:
Generalized Geologic Interpretation for Turbine Riverbed Anchor Infrastructure
Hazards for Construction Obstruction List
Danger to Navigation Obstruction list
Optimum Siting for each Riverbed Anchor
Optimum Siting for the Turbine Placement
Slope Analysis for Turbine Riverbed Anchor Infrastructure and Cable Placement (pending)
Significant obstructions were interpreted from the various datasets and their characteristics
were correlated. Both DtoN and HforC were identified and charted. Obstruction classification
was beyond the scope of this work, however, all sub-surface obstructions are assumed to be
natural. TerraSond recommends avoidance for all obstructions identified during this survey.
TerraSond finds significant hydrokinetic power available in the Yukon River at Ruby, Alaska and
recommends future development of this resource. We find no significant man-made
infrastructure, geographic, or geologic obstruction which would preclude this site from future
development for hydrokinetic power conversion activity. Although obstructions exist within the
project boundaries, it is the opinion of TerraSond that no obstacles were identified that cannot
be avoided, remediated, or otherwise overcome through skillful engineering.
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1.0 GEODESY & NAVIGATION
TerraSond was contracted to establish a persistent geodetic network in the vicinity of the Ruby ,
AK. TerraSond was tasked with identifying the most advantageous space for repeatable
measurements as well as identifying the best space for communicating the physical
characteristic information regarding this survey area. TerraSond used a minimally constrained
solution which included three monuments . The position of those monuments was first
referenced aga inst CORS GPS sites within an OPUS solution. The final network solution held
the NGS airport monument RBY A constant while calculating a best fit solution for the newly
established monuments. TerraSond indentified insignificant shift between the spatial references
and ultimately migrated the positions by sub-decimeter quantities.
TerraSond recovered one existing monument (RBY A) and established two new survey
monuments (H-1 2009 , H-2 2009). The horizontal project datum is UTM, zone 5, meters , in
projection NAD83.
The river elevation at the start of project was established as the project datum . All depth values
in this report reference this datum , all elevations reference the WGS84 ellipsoid. The
relationship of the project vertical datum is 55.000 m above the WGS84 ellipsoid.
1.1 Geodetic Network
TerraSond calculated a Minimally Controlled Geodetic Network for the Ruby area . Simultaneous
static GPS measurements were acquired on each monument and incorporated into the control
network (H-1 2009, H-2 2009, and RBY A). The Geodetic network was measured with GPS
receivers in WGS84 space and each monument was originally assigned an assumed value.
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1-1 MAY 2010
The measured values were later recalculated and the assumed values were replaced with the
final network calculated positions. The Minimally Controlled Geodetic Network was controlled by
holding RBY A fixed as the published NGS value. The values used for H-1 2009 and H-2 2009
in the network were an average of multiple OPUS solutions. The relationships between the
monuments were calculated and corrected to best conform with the static GPS measurements
in order to establish the final Geodetic Network positions.
1.1.1 Monument H-1 2009
The primary monument for this project used as the base station transmitting real time kinematic
(RTK) corrections is H-1 2009. H-1 2009 was used as the source for all positional RTK
corrections distributed by the base station GPS receiver. H-1 2009 was located within the
boundary of a public park area adjacent to the river along River Rd.
Graphic B-Location of H-1 2009
Graphic C • Monument H-1 2009
TerraSond Survey Monument H-12009
Horizontal Vertical
Geodetic UTM Zone 5 (NAD83) WGS84 Local (m)
latitude Longitude Northing (m) Easting (m) Elli pso id (m ) local (m )
N 64° 44' 24.82019" w 155° 29' 30.75642" 7181837.428 381375.267 61.106 6.106
Description: 3 1/4" Aluminum domed cap on 3/4 rebar. Set fluch with grade. Powerline support pole
bearing N40W@9.4 ft. Cap ~19ft N-NW of road shoulder.
Table One Monument H-1 2009
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1-2 MAY2010
1.1.2 Monument H-2 2009
TerraSond established survey monument H-2 2009 in the proximity of a power pole at the tee
intersection of River Rd. and Yuki St. within the Town of Ruby.
Graphic D -Location of H-2 2009
Graphic E -Monument H-2 2009
TerraSond Survey Monument H-2 2009
Horizontal Vertical
Geodetic UTM Zone 5 (NAD83) WGS84 Local (m)
Latitude longitude Northing (m) Easting (m) Ellipsoid (m) Local (m)
N 64• 44' 20.49927" w 155• 29' 51.94198" 7181714.782 381089.959 61.184 6.184
Description:
3" Aluminum domed cap on 3/4 rebar set ~o.l ft below grade.
Table Two Monument H-2 2009
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1 .1.3 Monument RBY A
RBY A is located near the northeast portion of the Ruby Airport on the North side of the runway .
Graphic F-Location of RBY A
NGS Monument RBY A
Horizontal Vertical
Geodetic UTM Zone 6 (NAD83) WGS84 USGS
Latitude Longitude Northing (m) Easting (m) Ellipsoid (m) Local(m)
N 64• 43' 48.85107" w 155° 27' 47.12007" 7180670.994 382701.872 206.583 151.583
Description: THE STATION IS A NONSTANDARD NGS 0 .083 m (0.271 ft) DIAMETER BY 0.914. m (3.0 ft) LONG
STAINLESS STEEL PIPE FLARED AT THE BASE. THE STATION IS LOCATED 39.2 m (128.5 ft) 206
DEGREES MAGNETIC AZIMUTH FROM A WIND SOCK, 63.1 m (207.0 ft) 166 DEGREES MAGNETIC
AZIMUTH FROM THE AWAS STRUCTURE, AND 45.4 m (149.0 ft) 271 DEGREES MAGNETIC AZIMUTH
FROM THE SECOND RUNWAY LIGHT SOUTHWEST OF THE TAXIWAY ON THE NORTH SIDE OF THE
RUNWAY.
Table Three Monument RBY A
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1-4 MAY2010
1.2 Navigation
All vessel navigation was processed and distributed by Coda F-185 (F-185). The F-185
measures GPS position , heading, orientation and distributes a processed vessel trajectory. The
vessel navigation and orientation was recorded in Hysweep Acquisition software during
operations.
Real Time Kinematic (RTK) corrections were used for vessel navigation and recorded as the
positioning for all sensors utilized during this survey. This can be a more precise system of
measurement than uncorrected GPS and is expected to significantly increase accuracy. This
system utilizes the additional information of the carrier signal, and, when properly processed,
will include the Carrier-Phase Enhancement in the final position .
RTK uses the GPS satellite's carrier as its signal, not the messages contained within. The
improvement possible using this signal is over a thousand times as fast as a typical GPS
receiver. This corresponds to a 1% accuracy of 19 em using the L 1 signal, and 24 em using the
lower frequency L2 signal. When the two signals are correctly aligned, the generally accepted
error estimation is 20 em. RTK corrections were transmitted to the vessel navigation and
recorded by the acquisition software during all survey activity.
TerraSond used a temporary value for the base station location during the broadcasting of the
RTK correctors. This base station value was not correct (per the post-processed geodetic
network result for H-1 2009) and TerraSond accounted for the migration of the measurements
positions for all products distributed with this report.
1.3 Terrestrial Survey
The terrestrial survey measurements were accomplished utilizing a Trimble SPS881 GPS
receiver fixed to a variable-height staff. All data acquisition was accomplished while receiving
RTK position corrections from the base station. The positions were evaluated and processed
with Trimble Geomatics Office Ver. 1.63.
A perspective modeler for the YRITWC requested that TerraSond measure the river gradient
and a single transect on each bank of the river for future modeling purposes.
The river gradient was measured to be 0.580 m over the river distance of 10,525 m.
River elevation was measured each day with RTK corrected GPS receivers in order to measure
river stage and to calculate the gradient of the river. The river level receded 40 em (1.3 ft) over
the 4 day period of MBES acquisition.
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Ruby Terrestial Survey Shots
UTM zone 5 (NAD83) Vertical
Point Northing (m) Easting(m) Ellipsoid (m) Discription
2 3927323.99 1406381.7 61.015 H·2
1000 3928176.01 1407836.82 54.872 ws
1001 3927836.04 1407254.5 54.869 ws
1002 3927407.85 1406353.88 54.878 ws
1003 3927400.55 1406319.2 54.775 ws
500 3927741.14 1407311.48 60.921 CHK H-1
1004 3927844.29 1407249.61 54.641 WS
1005 3927402.79 1406319.21 54.672 ws
1006 3927374.07 1406249.51 54.653 ws
501 3927741.13 1407311.47 60.918 CHK H-1
1007 3927846.52 1407243.48 54.489 ws
1008 3927396.67 1406293.29 54.486 WS
1009 3927376.25 1406247.23 54.489 WS
1010 3927374.53 1406244.36 54.489 WS
502 3927741.17 1407311.47 60.948 CHK H-1
1011 3927856.38 1407243.09 54.426 WS
1012 3927393.33 1406285.56 54.413 ws
1013 3937812.94 1419639.68 54.723 WS
1014 3937806.05 1419633 54.711 ws
1015 3937824.89 1419650.45 54.705 WS
1016 3940850.43 1416962.68 54.815 ws
1017 3940852.9 1416965.17 54.799 WS
1018 3940835.41 1416953.72 54.812 WS
1019 3929869.25 1404719.67 54.395 WS
1020 3929863.89 1404720.81 54.058 H20
1021 3929870.3 1404718.06 54.416 RND
1022 3929883.75 1404715.37 55.109 RND
1023 3929915.05 1404709.59 56.426 RND
1024 3929902.99 1404711.39 55.775 OH
1025 3929927.66 1404706.63 56.848 RND
1026 3929937.83 1404704.24 57.450 RND
1027 3929938.94 1404704.94 57.523 BRK
1028 3929937.5 1404704.23 57.331 HW
1029 3928877.38 1394363.71 54.195 ws
1030 3928875.91 1394357.24 54.164 ws
1031 3928878.48 1394379.36 54.195 ws
1032 3925607.96 1395347.45 54.173 ws
1033 3925609.52 1395357.63 54.185 ws
1034 3925609.62 1395356.7 54.191 ws
1035 3927457.76 1406744.74 62.742 PO
1036 3927541.49 1406949.89 61.982 PO
1037 3927703.96 1407307.65 62.650 PO
1038 3927312.83 1407529.36 87.584 PO
1039 3927244.75 1407059.5 77.188 PO
1040 3927111.51 1407040.05 78.845 PO
1041 3927063.2 1407054.45 78.805 PO
1042 3927143.88 1406981.66 77.939 PO
1043 3927193.23 1406964.09 77.401 PO
1044 3927154.36 1407015.42 78.979 PO
1045 3927254.61 1406815.73 71.705 PO
2000 3927779.93 1405441.2 0.000 ANCHOR
2001 3927159.77 1405725.36 61.760 J-BOX
Table Four List of Terrestrial Survey Points
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2.0 HYDROGRAPHY
Graphic H-Bathymetric contours generated from the MBES survey
TerraSond was tasked with the responsibility of acquiring , processing , and presenting remotely
sensed geophysical measurements of the YRITWC Hydrokinetic Power Conversion project at
Ruby, AK. The survey area included 288,301 m2 of the Yukon River. Data acquisition
methodology was designed to better describe the physical character of the site for the purpose
of evaluating Hydrokinetic Power Conversion , planning future development, and assessing
potential hazards during development of the site.
The vessel used for all operations was the Ruby Tribal Council 18 ft aluminum Jon Boat. The
geophysical instrumentation deployed during this project included a pole mounted Teledyne
Odom ES3 multibeam echosounder (MBES), a pole mounted lmagenix Yellowfin side scan
sonar (SSS), and all navigation was recorded using positions from RTK corrected F-185 Inertial
Navigation System . The mobilization crew consisted of the project Geophysicist and a Survey
Technician. The vessel mobilization took place at on the shore of the Yukon River in the Village
of Ruby.
The Hydrographic data set includes both the Multibeam and the Side Scan Sonar products. The
mapping effort of the MBES establishes the precision and accurate foundation for which the
Side Scan mosaic can be draped. Both surveys were controlled through the use of RTK
corrected GPS as described in Section 1.2. The precision of the MBES which utilizes a ray-
tracing algorithm is far superior for across track measurements then the Side Scan Sonar which
only controls the nadir position at ping transmission. For this reason, the Side Scan Sonar which
presents a continuous analog record of the acoustic magnitude may have some error in the
PROJECT No 2009-021
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position of identified objects. Side Scan Sonar products may have been spatially shifted
reasonable distances in order to match with the multibeam bathymetry.
TerraSond acquired a precise high density bathymetric data set that was be used as a base
DEM surface for multiple products. The project goals for the MBES data were geomorphology of
the riverbed baseline, a reference surface acquired prior to development, and for numerical
modeling purposes. Object detection and geologic interpretation< 2m2 was beyond the scope
of this project.
Side Scan Sonar imagery was acquired for this project in order to collaborate with bathymetric
data and to image the riverbed . Terrasond acquired high scan imagery of the riverbed in the
southern portion of the project area. The acquisition area included a contiguous ensonification
of the thalweg south to the cliff face. This is the area described by YRITWC to be the area of
interest for construction of the Hydrokinetic Power Conversion project. The area of overlap
between the Sides Scan Sonar and the Multibeam Echosounder defines the area that
TerraSond interpreted HforC and DtoN, all areas outside this zone did not undergo the rigorous
investigation for obstructions. The hydrographic data did identify objects, geologic features, and
obstructions both within the area defined for interpretation as well as the area excluded from the
interpretation. TerraSond produced a normalized mosaic image of the Side Scan Sonar data for
an overall image of the riverbed.
2.1 Acquisition of Hydrographic data
Graphic 1-Teledyne Odom ES3 Multlbeam Echosounder Sonar
2.1 .1 Acquisition of Multibeam data
The Multibeam Echosounder (MBES) calibration and acquisition of main scheme MBES data
occurred May 23 -25, 2009. TerraSond acquired bathymetric point data with Teledyne Odom
ES3 Multibeam Echosounder sonar and recorded that information using HySweep Integrated
Acquisition Software. An Odom Digibar Pro acoustic velocimeter was used to measure the near
field speed of sound at the sonar face. An additional Odom Digibar Pro acoustic velocimeter
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was used to measure the speed of sound throughout the water column via manual casts
performed intermittently throughout the survey effort.
The MBES calibration test accounts and corrects for electronic tim ing errors, roll, pitch , and yaw
bias. TerraSond accomplished the MBES calibration acquisition acco rding to the industry
standards .
Multibeam Echosounder
5 PECIFICATIONS
Sonar Type
Sonar Operation Frequency
Beam W idth , Across Track
Beam Width , Along Track
Number of Beams
Swath Coverage
Max Ping Rate
Teledyne Odom ES3
240Khz
0.75 , 1.5 , and 3.0 degre es
0.75 , 1.5 , and 3.0 degrees
120,240,480
120 degrees
14Hz @ 20m Range
Table Five Technical information for the Teledyne Odom ES3 MBES
TerraSond performed a calibration of the MBES using radio corrections broadcast from the H-1
2009 RTK base station over a subsurface river bed feature.The 240 kHz acoustic data was
acquired along the topography of the thalweg lines throughout the main scheme survey area
with irregular line spacing resulting in 66 main scheme survey lines . An additional 2 cross lines
were recorded as part of the quality control procedure exercised by TerraSond to ensure limited
directiona l bias in our data. This bathymetric project resulted in a full ensonification of the river
bed for the area south of and including the thalweg. The area north of the thalweg was not fully
ensonified and a non-overlap 50% coverage methodology was exercised. The area where
infrastructure was being considered for the project development was fully ensonified and
products and interpretations applicable for riverine construction were fully ensonified. The
rema ining cross river section was acquired only for modeling purposes, general information , and
a holistic understanding of the water body .
GraphicJ -Preprocessed MBES Matrilr as acquired In the field
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The southern zone was acquired with significant swath overlap which allowed for a confident
interpretation of the riverbed. Sound velocity measurements were acquired at 1 Hz at the face of
the MBES transducer face in order to allow for proper beam forming . Sound velocity
measurements were accomplished by manual cast and measured the entire water column
during MBES operations in order to ensure accurate depth measurements.
GraphicK-Acquisition of Sound Velocity Profile measurement
Non-systematic line acquisition was exercised in the shallow portions of the river in an attempt
to achieve maximum coverage and reduce holidays as the swath area geometry decreased .
Similar strategy was used along the cliff face in order to safely approach near the cliff face
without striking sub-surface obstructions .
Graphic L -Navigation tower requiring Innovative solutions for remote survey operations
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All vessel position and attitude were calculated with a Coda Octopus F-185. The F-185 consists
of two GPS antenna and an inertial motion unit (IMU). The GPS antennas have a primary
(L 1/L2) antenna and an additional secondary antenna (L 1) co-located no less than 1 m apart
creating a fine baseline. The F-185 IMU was co-located on the pole arm attached to the Ruby
Tribal Council vessel. The trajectory of the vessel was computed by the F-185 and recorded by
the acquisition software.
The RTK corrected GPS navigation was recorded and displayed in Hypack during vessel
operations . The offsets and lever arms associated with the primary GPS phase center and the
IMU were computed within HySweep and referenced to the CRP of survey vessel.
Graph/eM-Ruby Tribal Council Jon Boat as survey vessel of opportunity
Offsets from CRP to Sonar Acoustic Center of the MBES were computed in Hysweep and a
real-time acoustic coverage was computed and displayed for the survey crew.
2 .1.2 Acquisition of Side Scan Sonar
Graphic N-tmagenfx Side Scan Sonar
On May 26, 2009, the Ruby Tribal Council Jon Boat was mobilized for side scan sonar
operations . An lmagenix Yellowfin model 372 was towed on !he starboard side of th~ v~ssel.
The side scan sonar acquisition frequency was 330 kHz nom1nal, 50 m range, result1ng m an
PRoJECT No 2009-021
2-11 MAY2010
across-track resolution of 10 em (4 in). Navigation was corrected by real-time kinematic
broadcast from the H-1 2009 base station. Data was acquired using Hysweep 2009 software.
Frequency (dual simultaneous)
Horizontal Beam Width (HOM)
Range Resolution
Interface
Towing Speed (max safe)
Towfish Material Aluminum
Maximum Operating Depth
Tow Cable Type
lmagenix Yellowfin Side-Scan Sonar
SPECIFICATIONS
Choice of either 260 kHz I 330 kHz I 770 kHz nominal
260kHz: 2.2" X 75", 330kHz: 1.8" X 60", 770kHz: 0.7" X 30"
Range Scale/1000
Analog Telemetry
3 knots
Aluminum
300m
Coaxial
• Does not meet NOAA Shallow Water Survey Specification-Min 3 pings on a 1-meter target at 100 meters range.
Table Six Technical information for the lmagenlx Yellowfln Side-Scan Sonar
The Side Scan Sonar data was acquired parallel to the river channel geomorphology resulting in
300% coverage. Nine main scheme lines were acquired within the survey area. Cross lines
were not possible due to the maneuverability of the vessel under the influence of the flow of the
river and the orientation of the side scan sonar.
PROJECT No 2009-021
2-12 MAY 2010
2.2 Hydrographic Processing
T erraSond exercises a systematic methodology regarding data transfer from the field,
processing, editing, and the development of hydrographic products. This rigorous protocol
ensures product integrity throughout the processing path.
Prior to processing, the entire field project was uploaded to our server system and included in
the regular twice/day backup and daily replication scheme. The data was distributed and
organized by the Processing Department prior to further development.
2.2.1 Application of Control Information
On June, 5 2009, the TerraSond Survey Department in Palmer, AK received the raw Terrestrial
Survey data. The Base station established on H-1 2009 utilized a temporary assumed position
(based off of a preliminary Ultra-Rapid OPUS Solution) during the broadcast of GPS corrections
(reference Section 1.2). For this reason all raw data acquired under RTK conditions was
assumed to be inaccurate as recorded by the acquisition software once the geodetic network
reference space was established. This methodology is a commonly practiced technique and
resulted in no loss of final processed data precision. The associated navigational error was
consistent, systematic, and recoverable.
All survey records require the assumed position error to be compensated for through a global
position shift for all points measured. The temporary horizontal (WGS84) and vertical (WGS84)
position was shifted from the temporary assumed space measurement to the processed
network position computed by TerraSond.
The 3-dimensional shift was applied to the terrestrial survey in Trimble Geomatics Office suite.
The vertical position for each point in the Bathymetric OEM surface was adjusted in Caris HIPS.
The Horizontal shift for each point in the Bathymetric OEM surface was accomplished in Trimble
Terramodel. The Acoustic Intensity Mosaic image was shifted using Chesapeake Technologies
SonarWiz.
The Ruby, AK geodetic control Network calculated a trivial shift for the H-1 2009 monument
from the Ultra-Rapid OPUS solution. The value for the data migration was well within the
standard deviation for error within our measurement systems. For this reason, no migration of
the MBES, SSS, or ADCP data was necessary for this project.
2.2.2 Multibeam Echosounder Processing
The MBES calibration (commonly called a "Patch Test"} acquired on May 23, 2009 was
processed for the identification of temporal latency and MBES orientation errors. This effort was
accomplished using the Caris HIPS and SIPS calibration tool and the correction values were
entered into vessel configuration file for CARIS Hydrographic Information Processing System
(HIPS) version 6.1.
PROJECT No 2009-021
2-13 MAY2010
On June 5, 2009, the TerraSond Processing Department in Palmer, AK received the raw MBES
data and associated acquisition records for final processing. HIPS version 6.1 was used for all
data processing and adjustments necessary to produce final bathymetric products. The Caris
HIPS workflow is designed to ensure that all edits and corrections made to the raw data, and all
computations performed with the data followed a specific order and were saved separately from
the raw data to maintain the integrity of the raw acquisition data. TerraSond uses well defined
procedures during HIPS processing; all actions are tracked to ensure that no steps are omitted
or performed out of sequence.
2.2.3 Vessel Editor
The first component of the HIPS processing workflow requires establishment of a framework in
which recorded navigation, vessel motion, raw (unprocessed) depths and vessel draft are
referenced to a common position. The HIPS Vessel Editor is an application used for viewing and
editing the position and calibration of sensors installed on the vessel. This information is stored
in the HIPS Vessel File (HVF). The HVF is divided into a number of distinct sections, each
describing one type of sensor. The sections are time-tagged and multiple entries can be defined
for different time periods. The HVF is based on a three-dimensional coordinate system which
locates equipment within an X-Y -Z axis using a reference point on the vessel as the point of
origin. The reference point for this survey is co-located with the motion sensor which is installed
at the vessel's approximate center of gravity; the point at which the least amount of motion is
experienced. The position of the multibeam echosounder transducer as well as the static draft
(waterline) of the vessel is recorded in the HVF with respect to the reference point. Static draft
values were measured on a daily basis for entry in the HVF to track changes in vessel draft
caused by loading and fuel consumption. During data acquisition, RTK GPS positioning was
referenced from the X-Y-Z coordinate of the GPS antenna phase center to the motion sensor
within the vessel coordinate system. All recorded navigation data is referenced to the RP.
Therefore, the X-Y-Z coordinates of the GPS antenna phase center need not be entered in the
HVF.
2.2.4 Raw Data Conversion
CARIS HIPS was used to create a folder structure organized by the project, vessel, and Julian
day to store data. Raw MBES data was converted from its native Hypack format, *.hsx files, into
CARIS HIPS using the CARIS conversion wizard module. The wizard was used to create a
directory for each line separating the *.hsx files into sub-files which contain individual sensor
information. All data entries were referenced using the time associated with the *.hsx file to
relate the navigation, azimuth, heave, pitch, roll, and slant range sensor files.
2.2.5 Navigation Editor
Navigation data was reviewed using the CARIS Navigation Editor. The review consists of a
visual inspection of plotted fixes noting any navigation gaps in the data. Additionally, vessel
speed, distance between navigation fixes and course made good are examined for anomalies. If
PROJECT No 2009-021
2-14 MAY 2010
any anomalies are detected, the processor may choose to reject or interpolate the affected
areas. The data in this project displayed no anomalies with respect to navigation.
2.2.6 Attitude Editor
Attitude data was reviewed using the HIPS Attitude Editor. The review consists of a visual
inspection of the heave, pitch, roll and GPS (ellipsoidal) height which are displayed
simultaneously in a graphical representation using a common x-axis scaled by time. The
Attitude Editor, like the Navigation Editor, is used to identify anomalies and has the ability to
interpolate or reject the affected areas. The data in this project displayed no anomalies with
respect to attitude.
2.2.7 Sound Velocity Editor
Each sound velocity profile, or cast, was examined using the HIPS Sound Velocity Editor for
potential outliers prior to its application in HIPS. Erroneous sound velocity changes will cause a
concave or convex distribution of soundings. This artifact is caused by the sound velocity
correction required for the outer beam forming computation. The data in this project displayed
no anomalies with respect to sound velocity.
The sound speed adjustment in HIPS uses slant range data, applies motion correctors to
determine launch angles, and adjusts for range and ray-bending resulting in a sound speed-
corrected observed-depths file. It is recommended that sound velocity correction be executed
before cleaning the data.
2.2.8 GPS Tide Computation and Merge
Upon review of navigation, attitude, and sound velocity, the vessel positioning was converted
from of local datum heights to water level and subsequently to the final CORS space datum. In
our case, the tide and GPS tide was the variation of the vessel vertical motion from the position
of the base station offset. These processes are referred to as the computation of GPS Tide and
Merge. The full formula for GPS Tide is shown below.
GPS Tide= GPS (ellipsoidal) Height-Datum Height-Heave· Waterline Offset
Where:
• GPS height = RTK ellipsoidal heights referenced to the vessel RP
• Heave = time-tagged measurements of the vessel's vertical motion recorded by the motion
sensor and referenced to the vessel RP
• Waterline offset = time-tagged waterline levels referenced to the vessel RP and measured daily
by the Hydrographer
PROJECT No 2009-021
2-15 MAY2010
• Datum Height: The distance from the ellipsoid to project datum (USGS Stream Gage Datum).
Once post-processing of the static GPS network was completed (as described in Section 1.1 ), a
trivial value of 0.007 mm was calculated as the shift from assumed position to the post
processed geodetic network height. An additional and cumulative shift of 55.001 m was applied
to bring the surface from WGS84 Ellipsoid to the local river surface datum. Finally, the HIPS
Merge process was conducted on the dataset. Merge is the process of calculating final positions
and depths for soundings, based on all relevant inputs such as observed depths, navigation
information, vessel dynamics such as gyro, heave, pitch and roll, and tide.
2.2.9 Subset Editor
Following final processing and quality assurance of draft and GPS tide applications, several
area-based editing processes in CARIS HIPS Subset Editor were performed during the office
review of survey soundings. During subset editing, the processor was presented with two and
three-dimensional views of the soundings and a moveable bounding box to restrict the number
of soundings being reviewed. Using the two-dimensional window, soundings were viewed from
the south (looking north), from the west {looking east) and in plan view {looking down). These
perspectives, as well as controlling the size and position of the bounding box, allowed the
operator to compare lines, view features from different angles, measure features, query
soundings and change sounding status flags. Soundings were also examined in the three-
dimensional window that could be rotated on any plane. Vertical exaggeration was increased as
required to amplify trends or features. While HIPS does not allow for the deletion of any
sounding, spurious soundings (noise) were flagged as rejected during subset editing. Soundings
flagged as rejected are excluded from any final bathymetric product.
2.2.1 0 Caris BASE Surfaces
The CARIS HIPS Bathymetry Associated with Statistical Error (BASE) Surface is a 30,
georeferenced image of a multi-attributed, digital terrain model. To build a BASE surface, HIPS
assigns a set of gridded nodes at user-defined spacing and bounding coordinates. Each grid
node is assigned a depth value based on nearby sounding values. All BASE Surfaces use
range weighting to determine how a sounding is applied to a node. Range weighting is based on
distance; soundings close to a node are given greater weight than soundings further away.
Additionally, all BASE surfaces created for this project use a weighting scheme based on a
beam's intersection with the river bed; soundings formed by the outer beams are weighted less
in the algorithm than more reliable nadir beams. BASE surfaces can be used to identify areas
requiring further cleaning as well as comprise the final bathymetric product.
Once the sounding dataset was cleaned and all corrections were applied, a 1.0 meter resolution
BASE surface was created for use in development of bathymetric products. Points identified to
be the shoal point of an object above the ambient river bed interpreted to be rocks or other
anomalous features were designated, exported, and appended to the gridded OEM surface in
order to minimize the height attenuation of obstructions common to surface generation.
PROJECT No 2009-021
2-16 MAY 2010
2.2.11 Processing of Side Scan Sonar
All main scheme lines were processed and evaluated for Danger to Navigation and Hazard for
Construction obstructions. Select lines were used during mosaic production. The software used
to process this data was Chesapeake Technologies SonarWiz Map 4.04.0052 (SonarWiz).
SonarWiz.MAP software was used to create a folder structure organized by Julian day to store
data. Side scan raw data (.hsx) files were imported into SonarWiz.MAP using the
SonarWiz.MAP Import Side Scan Files function, which converted the sonar files into
SonarWiz.MAP compatible *.csf format. SonarWiz.MAP does not permit raw data manipulation
during processing. All raw data is maintained in the original, unmodified, format to ensure data
integrity.
TerraSond uses well defined procedures during side scan data processing and all actions are
tracked to ensure that no steps are omitted or performed out of sequence. After conversion,
vessel navigation data was visually evaluated for inconsistent, erratic, or unrealistic changes in
speed, distance, and course made good. The side scan lines were opened in the
SonarWiz.MAP Bottom Track Editor where towfish altitude was manually digitized; this is the
process of digitizing the floor or removing the water column from the record. The final process
applied to the side scan sonar data was the application of XY offsets to represent the tow point
with respect to the central reference point (CRP) of the vessel to correctly position the data
geographically.
The side scan record was carefully examined for significant obstructions and classified as
contacts in the slant-range corrected record. Significant contacts included, but were not limited
to, contacts with a shadow length indicating a contact height of 1.0 m or greater. Contacts were
digitized using the contact tool in SonarWiz.MAP Side Scan Digitizer View. Each contact was
automatically assigned a unique identifier based on the date, time, and channel (port or
starboard). Once identified, the contact's length and width were measured with the Measure
Length and Measure Width tools and the contact shadow length was measured using the
Measure Shadow tool. SonarWiz.MAP automatically calculates contact height once the shadow
length is measured. SonarWiz.MAP generated an image of each digitized target and included a
corresponding text file containing all recorded information specific to the contact and placed the
contact in the project folder.
Contacts were then exported as targets to an ESRI shape file. This information was then
spatially referenced with MBES data for evaluation and reporting. The product of target
classification was obstacle detection, identification, and positioning in the form of an Obstruction
List.
Select lines with the best representation of river bed coverage and meaningful albedo were
selected to contribute to the acoustic intensity mosaic image.
PROJECT No 2009-021
2-17 MAY2010
2.3 Hydrographic Products
While the HIPS workflow allows for application of vertical changes in order to perform datum
transformations and adjustments, the software does not allow for horizontal migration.
The horizontal projection of the dataset is UTM, NAD83, Zone 5 and all soundings are vertically
referenced to local river height during 11 ,300 m3/s discharge conditions. All units are expressed
in meters.
The horizontal shift of the mosaic and the bathymetric MBES surface (OEM) by the processed
Geodetic Network space correction factor was the final processing step in the processing flow.
2.3.1 Bathymetric DEM gridded dataset and imagery
The regular gridded Digital Elevation Model surface is a critical product. This surface is the
foundation for all charting and positioning, and it is the reference surface for the obstruction list
as well as the Side Scan Sonar deliverables. This surface was considered in each interpretation
and during the generation of all location positions.
The sole origin for this digital OEM is the Multibeam Echosounder point file. The high density
data from the MBES is often too large to manage by most software suites. TerraSond reduces
the data through the process of surface generation in Caris HIPS software.
The number of points in the original post processed and post edited surface that was used to
generate the OEM was 32,002,560 points. The number of points in the final OEM product
distributed with this report is 695,113 points (produced as a regular grid with 1m resolution).
There is a small loss of detail that develops as we reduce the data that makes up the surface of
the OEM product. This toss is directly related to the node spacing established in the final
surface. The exact location of loss is not known nor controlled. During regular gridding,
TerraSond will not have control of the data that is reduced. We will not be able to confirm that
the most shoal depth of an obstruction is the exported grid point nor if it is properly represented
in the OEM. For this reason all values for shoal height are conservative and were exported as a
shoal biased grid. For the reasons stated above, we cannot verify more vertical precision in the
OEM obstructions depths finer than sub meter precision. The horizontal precision is accurate to
1.0 m and obstruction identification resolution is 2 m3 .
The OEM surface was generated from referencing a maximum footprint size 5x5 grid cells with
a minimum of 6 nearest neighbors. The OEM product grid spacing was 1.0 meter distance.
This surface was interpolated in order to maintain the high level of detail necessary for
obstruction detection and interpretation. TerraSond filled the holidays present in the 1.0 m
surface grid with information by applying a Triangular Interpolated Network function contained in
the Caris processing software. This process allowed for the generation of a contiguous image.
PROJECT No 2009-021
2-18 MAY 2010
This process was particularly vital for the northern portion of the MBES information, however,
several trivial holidays were identified in the post processing data after the editing of the data
had been accomplished.
The geodetics for the output file are UTM zone 5 projected as NAD83 and the units are meters
for the horizontal dimension. The vertical dimension (positive axis up) is also in units of meters
and is based upon the datum of the Yukon River stage at the start of project (11 ,300 m3 /s
discharge).
This surface was included in the Fledermaus Digital Product bundle and distributed on both the
TerraSond FTP site and included in the DVD data distribution which accompanies this report.
Two images with different color scales have been generated from this OEM. Both are the same
except for the inclusion of the color purple in the spectrum. All images which do not include the
purple in the color scale spectrum are suitable visualization with common 30 glasses for an
enhanced visualization and interpretation by the viewer. The files that included purple in the
color scale spectrum are intended for finer differentiation of depth and digital distributions, but
do not visualize well through 30 glasses.
PROJECT No 2009-021
2-19 MAY2010
PROJECT No 2009-021
lO
ll
u ., ..
ll
Graphic P· Image of Bathymetric Surface (scaled by depth)
2-20 MAY2010
-
-
-
-
....
...
-
-
...
...
,..
...
...
-
-
-
2.3.2 Acoustic Intensity Mosaic
The Acoustic Intensity Mosaic is a compilation of selected Side Scan Sonar lines which best
visualize the riverbed spatially and through the albedo spectrum. The lines are assembled as a
stack of linear image files processed with Automatic Gain Control algorithm. The compilation
was digitally compiled in SonarWiz.MAP and the seams were digitally muted through the cover-
up software option.
There are lineations in the mosaic which can be attributed to the image boundaries and should
be recognized as artifacts of the images when viewing this mosaic. Two sources of lineation
artifacts are present in the mosaic; image boundaries and nadir stitching .
Graphic Q-Acoustic Intensity Mosaic Image
PROJECT No 2009-021
2-21 MAY2010
TerraSond used the products from each geophysical sensor to production interpretations of the
physical characteristics of the Yukon River and the Riverbed within the project site.
These interpretations enabled TerraSond to make educated recommendations to the YRITWC
about the project site when planning for the installation and deployment of the Hydrokineti c
lnstream Turbine.
TerraSond evaluated the geomorphology of the alveus, albedo of the side scan intensities,
analyzed the moving bottom information , and referenced the current flow regime when
interpreting the geologic substructure needed for the deployment of the 2009 Turbine Anchors.
2.3.3 Hazard for Construction and Danger to Navigation List
TerraSond referenced the side scan sonar imagery of the river bed for obstruction targets .
These targets were processed and recorded in Chesapeake SonarWiz Software and displayed
in ESRI ArcMap for correlation with other geophysical sensor data . Classification of the targets
was beyond the scope of the project. All obstructions are assumed to be naturally occurring and
TerraSond recommends avoidance as the coping strategy .
The Obstruction Target List is a composite table from multiple surveys and the interpretation of
obstructions from those data. The terminology of the obstructions list is not consistent with the
terminology found in NOS Hydrographic Surveys Specifications and Deliverables , NOAA, Dept.
of Commerce, 2009. The criteria were modified by the Project Hydrographer to a more stringent
project specific standard .
One criterion stated in the NOS Hydrographic Surveys Specifications and Delivera bles
regarding Danger to Navigation is stated as:
"Depths from the present survey which are found to be significantly shoaler then the charted
depths or features , and are navigationally significant (typically depths of 11 fathoms (fms) (66ft)
or less)."
PROJECT No 2009-021
2-22 MAY2010
....
.....
-
-
-
,...
A typical standard for obstruction interpretation for navigation charting is :
"1.0 m proud of the seafloor in depths < 11 fms or 10% of depth in depths >11 fms"
The s~andard used for this project only considered the project area from the thalweg south to
the chff shore (left bank}. Obstructions were identified in the more northern zone, however,
complete coverage was not obtained through the sonar activity and TerraSond could not clear
any portion of that northern zone for DtoN and HforC. TerraSond recommends that the entire
zone north of the thalweg be treated as uncharted and to contain Dangers to Navigation and
Hazards for Construction.
GraphicS-
The specific criteria used to classify and differentiate between Danger to Navigation and Hazard
for Construction obstructions were not easily determined for this project area. Typically, for
Alaskan Rivers, the United States Geologic Survey (USGS} has established a well documented
yearly average for a river and TerraSond references that information when assessing the
probability of a vessel encountering an obstruction under the river surface. That information was
not available without a direct tie to the historic USGS activity datum for the project area in Ruby.
TerraSond estimated that the water level for the 2009 Survey event was accomplished as a high
water event as depicted in Graphic T . The expectation is that the water level will drop
significantly at various times during the summer season . TerraSond allowed for a 3m drop in
river stage at the Ruby site to define a low flow water line level. TerraSond estimated an
additional maximum keel depth of 4m for river traffic. The distinction depth between a
designation of Danger to Navigation is any obstruction within 7 m depth of the project datum .
PROJECT No 2009-021
2-23 MAY2010
Any obstruction below that datum has been classified as a Hazard for Construction and does
not necessarily need to be avoided during vessel operations.
800.000
700.000
Q z
0
f&l 600.000
en
ffi
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t:i 500.000
~
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u 400000 i!!: •
~ a:
~ 300.000
!11 c
w
C)
~ 200.000
w
~
100.000
0
J
EXPLAHATlON
'1\*on-.t c.macb (No. 18)
'1\*on RMir-While-(No. 25)
'1\*on -.t o-(NIL 35)
'1\*on-.t &gle (No. 37)
'1\*on -... ~ Vllege (NIL 43)
'1\*on -111-(No. 64)
'1\*on --Kd8g (No. 87)
'1\*on -.t Pilat s.tlan (Na. 68)
--
J J
---
A s 0
' '
N
...
0
Graphic T-Average discharge behavior on the Yukon River (Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4204)
The criteria used for obstruction classification for this project:
Obstructions 1.0 m proud of the seafloor in depths < 7 m are classified as Dangers to
Navigation. The obstructions 1.0 m proud of the seafloor in depths > 7 m are classified as
Hazards for Construction.
The Obstruction List is a combination of targets and contacts identified in data from:
• Multi beam Echosounder Sonar Survey
• Side Scan Sonar Survey
PROJECT No 2009-021
2-24 MAY2010
-
Obst ruction List
Contact 1D SSS Target Dis covery Northin g m EasUng m Lat~ude Lon~ude Depth m Hazard Classification Volume m Description ,... HfoC 01 4 197-0459 Sidescan 7181713.2489 380793.9078 64.7389090 -155.5039720 NIA Hazard for Construction N/A Obstruction Area, Possible Rocks.
Hlo<C02 7 197-0459 Sidescan 7181724.2906 380790.8509 64.7390070 -155.5040450 NIA Hazard for Construction NIA Obsbu:tion Area , PossibkJ Rocks.
Hlo<C 03 1192 0452 Sidescan 7181717.0469 380789.4413 64.7389600 -155.5040000 NIA Hazard for Construction NJA Obstruction twa, Possible Rocks.
Hfo<C 04 2187~5 Sidescan 7181757.7917 380860.1978 64.7393318 -155.5026180 NIA Hazard for Construction NJA Obstruction
Hlo<C 05 Not Seen in SSS Multibeam 7181704.4730 380706.8500 64.7387994 -155.5057911 8 .003 Hazard for Construction 21 .764 Obstruction
Hlo<C06 1197-(1459 Both 7181714.2170 380786.0750 64.7389148 -155.5041370 8.346 Hazard for Construction 2 .434 Obstruction Area, Possible Rocks.
Hlo<C07 2 197-(1459 Both 7181725.0870 380764.1810 64.7390116 -155.5041658 9.511 Hazard for Construction 6 .202 Obstruction Area, Possible Rocks.
DtoN 08 NotSeeninSSS MuRibeam 7181730.1780 380934.3220 64.7391104 -155.5010398 6.861 Danger to Navigation 1.206 Obstruction
Hlo<C 09 3192 0452 Both 7181732.9280 380732.7420 64.7390636 -155.5052715 10.230 Hazard for Construction 3 .214 Obstruction
Hlo<C 10 No1~inSSS Mutlibeam 7181743.8230 380772.3240 64.7391754 -155.5044501 10.197 Hazard lor Construction 6 .078 Obs1rucllon
Hlo<C 11 Nots-,inSSS Multibeam 7181746.3170 380957.5900 64.7392634 -155.5005650 8.074 Hazard for Coostruction 1.897 Obatrucllon
Hlo<C 12 6197-(1459 Both 7181748.3150 380899.5630 64.7392607 -155.5017841 10.295 Hazard for Construction 2 .586 Possibly sandbags
HlorC 13 Not Seen in SSS Muttibesm 7181757.8730 380795.8600 64.7393097 -155.5039679 9 .822 Hazard for Construction 5.748 Obstruction
Hlo<C 14 No1 Saon in 555 Multibeam 7181763.3510 380848.3740 64.7393774 -155.5028706 11.572 Hazard for Construction 1.335 Obstruction
Hlo<C 15 Nots-inSSS Multibeam 7181790.9450 380642.6800 64.7395518 -155.5072093 11 .049 Hazard for CoostrucUon 7.084 Obstrucllon
HforC 16 Not Seen lnSSS Multibeam 7181792.4580 380890.4640 64.7396532 -155.5020117 10.785 Hazard for Construction 14.151 Obatrucllon
Hfo<C 17 NotSeenlnSSS Multibeam 7181736.2390 380762.5600 64.7391039 -155.5046487 10.742 Hazard for Construction 1.704 Obstruction
Hlo<C 18 Nots-insss Multibeam 7181732.7250 380761.7110 64.7390721 -155.5046635 10.546 Hazard for Construction 3 .286 Obstruction
DtoN 19 3 197-0459 Both 7181710.5200 380792.2940 64.7388839 -155.5040034 6.732 Danger to Navigation 16.947 Obstruction Area, Possib6e Rocks.
DtoN20 Not Seen in SSS Multibeam 7181708.0190 380791 .8540 64.7388613 -155.5040106 6.063 Danger to Navigation 29.419 Obstructton Area, Possibte Rocks.
DtoN 21 5197-(1459 Both 7181709.4950 380803.0180 64.7388785 -155.503me 5.693 Danger to N avigation 13.711 Obstruc:don Area, Possible Rocks.
DtoN2.2 Part of large outcrop Boll> 7181704.7650 380800.7610 64.7388353 -155.5038210 5.185 D~~ to Nalliga1ioo 247.430 Obstruction Area, Possible Rocks.
Table Seven List of Obstructions Interpreted from the MBES and SSS data sets
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Graphic V -
P ROJECT N o 2009-021
2-25 MAY 2010
2.4 Important note
TerraSond understands that the information gathered for this project is intended to facilitate the
planning of river construction projects and that our data may contribute to safe river operations.
This data is not to be used for navigational purposes. This data should not be used to replace
any publication distributed by NOAA or the Department of Transportation nor does TerraSond
assume any responsibility for safe navigation or safe marine operations. The distributions of any
obstruction data recorded during May, 2009 may or may not contain valuable information
regarding vessel navigation.
For that reason, TerraSond recommends avoiding contact locations where navigation may be at
risk, but does not guarantee that additional unobserved or uninterpreted hazards are within the
boundaries of this project. TerraSond does not guarantee that interpreted obstructions are
persistent or that potential obstructions will be present at a future date. Natural/manmade
hazards in this project area are dynamic and are known to be spatially transitory.
The use of products provided by TerraSond is only valid for the moment of acquisition and all
forecasts, assumptions, or logical conclusions are wholly the responsibility of the user. The use
of such products in conjunction with the products of agencies which are responsible for safe
navigation (i.e. NOAA, DOT, USAGE, USCG, etc.) is highly recommended.
PRoJECT No 2009-021
2-26 MAY2010
-
-
-
....
3.0 HYDROKINE TICS
TerraSond was tasked with the responsibility of acquiring, processing, and presenting remotely
sensed hydrokinetic measurements at the YRITWC Hydrokinetic Power Conversion Project Site
at Ruby, AK. The survey area included seven transect sites across the Yukon River. TerraSond
selected a primary line {Line D) in the vicinity of the historical 2008 turbine deployment site and
planned three additional lines upriver and three lines down river 45.75 m {150ft) distance apart.
Two types of data were gathered to better describe the hydrokinetic character of the river for the
purpose of evaluating Hydrokinetic Power Conversion . The primary line {0 m offset), Line D,
was used to measure the discharge. All lines were measured with the int ention of evaluating the
across profile current velocity and flow regime . Terrestrial survey extension of the primary
transect continued up onto the shore in order to enable future modeling of the channel under
various water levels .
The vessel used for all operations was the Ruby Tribal Council Jon Boat after it was measured
as a survey vessel of opportunity. The geophysical instrument deployed during this project
included a pole mounted Teledyne RDI 1200kHz Sentinel Workhorse Acoustic Doppler Current
Profiler {ADCP). All navigation was distributed as RTK corrected from a Trimble SPS881 GPS
Receiver and heading was distributed by the Coda Octopus F-185 Inertial Navigation System .
The mobilization crew consisted of a Geophysicist and a Survey Technician. The vessel
mobilization took place on the Yukon River bank.
PROJECT No 2009-021
3-27 MAY2010
On May 22, 2009, TerraSond acquired QAQC files measuring moving bed and magnetic
heading calibrations. The heading required an offset of 17.59° (between GPS and ADCP
orientation) and the moving bed test was positive.
~-
--Ship Track 3 -TRDI __
... TRek
"{Ref: BT) --{Ref: GGA) "{Ref: VTG)
841.5------------::=-r-----.......... -----1
. !621. -----------------~-----------------------------------~-----------------~
.If:
'C
Cl
. . . .
. . . . . . . .
z 1)400. -----------------~-----------------------------------~-----------------~
u c
:!
. : . . . . " . . i5 180.1 -----------------~------------------~----------------~-----------------~
-40.
·1128.6
. .
-628.4 ·128.2
Distance Eaat (m)
. . . . . . .
Jn.o an.2
Graphic X-Ship track line from the ADCP referencing both the geodetic navigation and the bottom tracking
navigation
Graphic above demonstrates the moving bottom impact in the thalweg portion of the river during
the record of an ADCP transect. Both the south (left) shore and the north (right) shore have
slower river current speeds and the riverbed does not demonstrate a rate of change from the
geodetic navigation. Only in the thalweg does the data reveal deviation from the geodetic
transect. This information was acquired for reference of future modeling efforts and in order to
support future sediment transport studies.
3.1 Acquisition and processing of Discharge Measurement
TerraSond acquired four transect measurements along the Primary Transect Line (Line D) in
compliance with USGS methodology for discharge measurements using ADCP sensors. All
measurements were within acceptable tolerance. The software used to acquire and compute
the discharge measurement was WinRiver II.
The four transects measured by TerraSond to be used for the discharge computation had a
standard deviation of 1.94%. The discharge value computed by WinRiver II from those
measurements reported a Total Q of 11 ,334.58 m~s. TerraSond referenced published data in
order to verify our measurements while in the field.
PRoJEcT No 2009-021
3-28 MAY2010
-
Station Number: 0
Station Name: YRITWC
Party: DSO, ZM
Boat/Motor:
Gage Height: 0.000 m
Area Method: Avg . Course
Nav. Method: DGPS
MagVar Method : Model (0.0°)
Depth Sounder: Not Used
Performed Diag. Test: YES
Performed Moving Bed Test: NO (recorded in a different file)
Performed Compass Test: NO (recorded in a different file)
Meas. Location: Ruby, AK
Width: 843.8 m
Area: 7697.7 m2
G.H.Change: 0 .000 m
ADCP Depth: 0 .152 m
Shore Ens.:10
Bottom Est: Power (0.1667)
Top Est: Power(0.1667)
Meas. No: 1
Date: 05/22/2009
Processed by: DSO
Mean Velocity: 1.4 7 m/s
Disch arge: 11 ,300 m3/s
Index Vel.: 0.00 m/s Rating No.: 1
Project Name: ruby_test_O-Odegmagtrian .mmt
Software: 2 .05
Screening Thresholds:
BT 3-Beam Solution: YES Max. Vel.: 2 .84 m/s Type/Freq.: Broadband/1200kHz
WT 3-Beam Solution: NO Max. Depth: 13.8 m Serial #: Firmware: 51.35
BT Error Vel.: 0.10 m/s Mean Depth: 9.12 m Bin Size: 25 em Blank: 50 em
WT Error Vel.: 1.07 m/s*% Meas.: 82.27 BT Mode: 5 BT Pings: 1
BT Up Vel.: 0.30 m/s* Water Temp.: None WT Mode: 1 WT Pings: 1
WT Up Vel.: 2.57 m/s* ADCP Temp.: 7.4 oc WV : 254
Use Weighted Mean Depth: YES
3.2 Acquisition and processing of Current Magnitude Imagery
TerraSond acquired a single transect across the river at 7 locations throughou t the project site
at intervals of 45.75 m. This data was inten ded to display the flow distribution and help
characterize the flow behavior. The data was processed while in the field and evaluated to
target turbine candidate sites (reference section 4.0).
PROJECT No 2009-021
3-29 MAY 2010
The current measurements were acquired while under vessel power and velocity standards
maintained vessel at course made good < 50% of the river current velocity. Heading was
distributed by the Coda F-185 while the navigation was distributed by Trimble SPS881 corrected
by RTK radio signal. Bottom tracking was acquired to help correlate with bathymetry and allow
for alternative navigation comparisons.
The extent of each transect was limited by the river bank slope. Of particular note, the north
(right) bank had a very gentle slope and limited the length of each measurement as we
approached the right shore. Each transect measured the current velocity across as much of the
alveus as possible and captured the entire thalweg.
The processing of the ADCP transect information was initially filtered in WinRiver II software .
The current magnitude presentation was later processed with MA Tlab numerical processing
software at the TerraSond Processing Center in Palmer, AK. The products presented in this
report have a horizontal three cell moving average applied to the data.
Current Magnitude, Line G
Graphic Y· Current Magnitude for Transect G Illustrating the current distribution across the alveus
This transect is a good representation of the characteristic flow behavior in the Yukon River at
Ruby. The thalweg is interpreted to hold a heavy concentration of the river's power and the flow
distribution is mostly contiguous and predictable with river bed geomorphology. The peak flow is
focused at the range of 300 m from the start of line near the cliff which makes up the left shore.
3-30 MAY 2010
,...
-
-
4.0 PLANNING INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT
The primary goal for this project was to help identify candidate sites for the deployment of the
YRITWC hydrokinetic turbine. After the acquisition of the geophysical data, but while still in the
field, TerraSond presented minimally processed products to YRITWC project manager for
resources assessment. The primary consideration was where was the nearest persistent high
energy current regime to the junction box.
Current Magnitude, Line D
E
I
' -Current Magnitude, Line C
!
I
1100 toO 800
Current Magnitude, Line B
I
I
_.,.,
GraphlcZ-Processed current magnitude images for the nearest three transects to the Power Junction Box
TerraSond interpreted the river to have a significant zone of reduced velocity in the zone
nearest to the Junction Box. As the flow of the river approaches the cliff face a zone of resistant
flow is encountered in the river which slows the near shore current at the left bank. This zone
experiences two conflicting forces, first originates from a small tributary effluent just upriver of
the cliff face, and the second is the impact with that constriction point of the cliff structure. The
cliff is acts as a significant redirection, and Line B (of the lines measured) is a very good
example of current attenuation at the left bank. The river rebounds and quickly and recovers
from the left bank retardation of the current force as is presented in the Graphic Z presentation.
Curnnl Magnllude, Line A
GraphicAA • Processed current magnitude for Line A as it flows Into the project area of Interest
PROJECT No 2009-021
4-31 MAY 2010
In Graphics Z and AA, the highest energy can be found in the 300 to 400 m range across the
river. The YRITWC was not targeting this zone for the placement of the 2009 turbine
deployment. This zone was perceived to have significant river use conflicts and the highest
energy zone was a possible hazard for the turbine infrastructure. TerraSond was directed to
target energy sources of 2.0 m/s or higher which were persistent and near the Junction Box
Infrastructure and outside of the primary traffic areas for vessel transit.
Although the 2.0 m/s surface current contour was expected to migrate with river stage,
TerraSond's interpretation of the river dynamic was that the upriver portion of this compression
zone be highly mobile and would be strongly dependent upon river stage. The down river
portion of the compression zone would infill with a more predictable consistent contour due to
the dispersed flow.
TerraSond used the discharge measurements to develop a description of the persistence for the
2.0 m/s contour along Primary ADCP transect line (Line D). This analysis of the persistence of
the surface flow was disappointing; there was a significant laterally migration range between the
2.0m/s contour along this line even with consistent discharge. Terrasond selected a target
turbine site that was consistently at 2.0 m/s contour. The location for the Turbine Site A was
selected to be located at N 64° 44' 24.5527", W 155° 30' 16.1235" and the riverbed site for the
Sandbag Anchor deployment was selected to be located at N 64° 44' 24.8239", W 155° 30'
14.0574".
PRoJEcr No ~21
4-32 MAY2010
-
...
TerraSond participated in the deployment of the Sandbag Anchor and establishing the Debris
Diversion Device on that anchor system. TerraSond provided vessel piloting and navigation
services to the YRITWC during these operations. The hydrokinetic turbine was not installed
while TerraSond personnel were on site.
TerraSond was notified in the July, 2009 that the Turbine Site A location was outside of the
radius of the power cable infrastructure available to YRITWC project . TerraSond was asked to
reevaluate data for an equivalent site more near the Power Junction Box. No equivalent site
was identified within the radius constraints of the power cable, however, 2009 Turbine Site B
was selected based upon the processed data from the May expedition. The power difference
between Site A and Site B was-0.20 m/s velocity reduction (from -2.1 m/s to -1.9 m\s).The
2009 Turbine Site B was placed 153m along ADCP Line C from the start of line. The location
was 180m from the Electrical Junction Box (2D distance).
Graphic CC-Processed Bathymetry showing locations of infrastructure positions
The 2009 Turbine site was selected upon the power potential and the vicinity from the junction
box, however, this site also needed to be acceptable for the placement of riverine anchors. The
YRITWC requested an analysis of the river that would be adequate for two large concrete
anchors. YRITWC provided TerraSond with the length of sub-river tether from the anchor to the
turbine barge . TerraSond referenced the HforC and the DtoN list for obstructions in the vicinity
of the anchor proposed locations. TerraSond identified that the geologic substrate for both the
Left and the right anchor location was solid rock separated by acoustically absorptive
unconsolidated sediment. A slope analysis was conducted over the proposed anchor sites and
both locations demonstrated slope < 5% .
PROJECT No 2009-021
4-33 MAY 2010
2IIJ 2'10 2'20 ZIJ
Graphic DO-Slope Analysis with Anchor Sites and Zone of Caution
GraphicEE-Image from the Fledermaus Presentation for the profile demonstrated in Graphic CC
TerraSond computed the positions for each anchor location as would be referenced from a GPS
antenna on the bride of the barge vessel that was intended to deploy the anchors and
distributed those positions to the YRITWC along with a series of maps and charts for reference .
TerraSond assembled the information from this project into a static model for YRITWC in order
to help facilitate project planning and as a communication device for the public. This model is
presented as a Digital 30 presentation in Fledermaus and 1View4D . This work has also been
translated into Google Earth Files and is available in that medium for presentation and
dissemination .
PROJECT No 2009-021
4-34 MAY20 10
-
....
-
Graphic GG-Image from ESRI Presentation for the river including general geomorphology
.....
PROJECT No 2009-021 ,....
4-35 MAY2010
-
This p age intentionally left blank.
PRoJEcT No 2009-021
4-36 MAY 2010
5.0 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
TerraSond believes that the Yukon River Inter-Tribal Watershed Council (YRITWC) In-river
Hydrokinetic Power Conversion Proof-of-Concept Project at Ruby has significant potential to
produce seasonal power for the community through contribution to the existing power grid
infrastructure. Not only has the development of this project lead the nation's effort to include
non-traditional hydrokinetic power conversation into existing power infrastructure, but the
YRITWC has exercised significant discipline in accomplishing this installation utilizing only
readily accessible equipment available to isolated village populations. This project has mastered
many of the challenges associated with deploying the hydrokinetic power conversion technology
in remote Alaskan communities.
Onsite innovation, overcoming infield problems, and experiencing the tribulations of this project
has the YRITWC informed the remaining hydrokinetic community for future projects of this
nature. This effort has displayed an opportunity for the vibrant hydrokinetic community of Alaska
to observe, appreciate, and avoid future issues when dealing with the natural river systems and
remote locations similar to Ruby, AK.
The success of this project and dynamic understanding of the resource available for power
generation has not yet been fully described nor quantified. Much of the necessary data
accomplished during the 2009 data acquisition effort described in this report was accomplished
with the effort described in this report in mind. A significant effort remains to be accomplished in
the form of products which will describe and quantify the potential for hydrokinetic conversion
opportunity at Ruby.
The project described within this report accomplished the primary goal; the acquisition,
processing and interpretation necessary to best site a surface mounted turbine with connection
to the Ruby power infrastructure.
During the 2009 effort, TerraSond acquired information that was intended to be used to inform a
Kinetic Flow Model of the Yukon River resource. This modeling exercise was intended to be
applicable beyond the measurement event of the acquisition survey. The information that can
be extracted from existing data for this purpose is:
• Riverbed Roughage
• Geomorphology (Bathymetry and OEM)
• Discrete Current Measurements
• Riverbank Transect
• River Gradient
All measurements are associated with a specific River Discharge
In addition to the discrete current measurements accomplished during the project described in
this report, TerraSond is aware of a long term current velocity record of the entire water column
at the Turbine site (acquired during much of the 2009 field season). TerraSond recommends
continuing this effort through 2010 in order to capture an entire season's energy me~surement.
TerraSond recommends the processing of this a power record for both seasons 1n order to
quantify the velocity information, and ultimately, the natural power potential for the project site.
PROJECT No 2009-021
5-37 MAY2010
T erraSond believes that the resource potential for the 2009 and 201 0 field season could be
processed and used to model the Yukon behavior under a diverse range of model conditions.
A comparison of the natural resource with the electric power production that is available to the
community grid at Ruby has yet to be accomplished. The continuation of the measurement
described above would be a component in this comparison
This effort would require a simultaneous measurement of the resource in phase (as described in
the previous paragraph) with the electric power-received record. TerraSond understands that
this goal was attempted during the field season of 2009, however, cable transmission integrity
issues developed in this unique high energy environment. TerraSond recommends a cable
easement evaluation and planning strategy which will inform the YRITWC about options for
submerged power transmission cable routing, protective shielding strategies, and anchoring
methodologies. Terrasond believes that his effort will not require additional data acquisition, but
will require professional software and personnel with expertise in cable route planning.
The YRITWC project considered surface turbine infrastructure, however, a thorough resource
assessment may consider the generation of the electric power under variations in the
technology and the seasonal scenarios. TerraSond recommends extending the same moored
ADCP measurement of the Yukon River resource through a winter season.
Information has been acquired, but not evaluated for submerged turbine power production for
this project site. Nor does the current YRITWC project include subsurface technology
deployment methodologies in its proof-of-concept project. In conjunction with the work
mentioned above, TerraSond believes that an evaluation of this site for extended season and
winter power conversion could be accomplished through the modeling efforts described above.
TerraSond is not recommending this site for winter power production, not enough information
exists to support or discourage this concept. T erraSond does believe that a measurement of the
river current velocities through a winter season would inform and quantify the power production
potential for the site and appropriately complete the evaluation.
Alaska academic researchers are currently leading efforts in the lnstream Hydrokinetic Industry
in pursuit of processing methodologies and quantify turbulent current indicators and variables
from ADCP information. TerraSond does believe that the Yukon River at Ruby would provide a
unique and non-similar environment (to other turbulence research sites) for the efforts pursued
by this Alaska Research Group. If desired, TerraSond would acquire information with the ADCP
instrumentation listed above under the direction, standards, and criteria of the turbulence
research. This accomplishment would have benefit for the State of Alaska as it would continue
and diversify the body of knowledge for turbulent behavior in the power generating river systems
of Alaska. This information will be used to increase the meaningfulness of river models
projecting the life expectancy and survivability, and ultimately, contribute to the evaluations of
overall cost benefit of Hydrokinetic Projects in Alaskan Riverine systems.
In conclusion, if each of the recommendations listed above were funded and supported,
TerraSond believes that the Yukon River Inter-Tribal Watershed Council In-river Power
Conversion Proof-of-Concept Project at Ruby would be able to be evaluated in quantifiable
terms as a comparison of natural resource per the power generation cost benefit over variations
in season length, extreme river conditions, and for turbine technologies.
PROJECT No 2009-021
5-38 MAY2010
This recommended effort would primarily be a processing and modeling effort with several long
term data acquisition programs with minimal infield man power expectations. The foundation for
the products has already been accomplished through the 2009 survey, however, additional
resource assessment measurements will be required in order to accomplish and deepen the
understanding of the resource and identify its relationship with power generation.
For long term or permanent and persistent hydrokinetic power conversion site, TerraSond
recommends a reconnaissance of the vicinity of Ruby for sites that present with additional
natural power, quality substrate for anchoring, and areas that are conducive for bottom lay
cables. TerraSond has not accomplished this investigation, however, our supplemental
information does indicate that sites with this description may exist in the immediate vicinity of
Ruby. The Proof of concept site may not be the most ideal for low infrastructure deployment
areas or as a site for peak performance.
PROJECT No 2009-021
5-39 MAY2010
This page intentionally left blank.
PROJECT No 2009-021
5-40 MAY 2010
APPENDIX A
GEODETIC INFORMATION
D.,.A T ASHEETS http://www .ngs.noaa.gov I cgi-bi nlds _ radius.prl
'2
The NGS Data Sheet
See file dsdata.txt for more information about the datasheet.
DATABASE = ,PROGRAM= datasheet, VERSION 7.85
<
.L National Geodetic Survey, Re;:rieval Date MAY 8, 2010
DH9335 ***********************************************************************
DH9335 PACS
DESIGNATION -
PID
STATE/COUNTY-
USGS QUAD
This is a Prlmary
RBY A
Control Station.
DH933
DH9335
DH933
DH9335
DH9335
DH9335
AK/YUKON-KOYUKUK CE~SUS
RUBY C-5
JH9335 *CURRENT SURVEY CONTROL
DH9335
DH9335* ADJUSTED
DH9335*
NAD
NAVD 88 198.57 {meters} 651.5 (feet} GPS 03S
DH9335
JH9335
DH9335
DH9335
DH9335
DH9335
DH9335
DH9335
DH9335
DH9335
X
y l, (meters)
z 5, 745,121.826 (meters)
LAPLACE CORR-
E::..LIP HEIGHT-
GEOID HEIGHT-
HORZ ORDER B
EL::..P ORDER THIRD
1.18 (seconds)
206.583 (meters)
8.14 (meters)
CLASS I
DH9335.Thls mark is at Ruby Airport (RBY)
DH9335
C0!'1P
CO!vJP
DEFLEC09
(0 /04/06) ADJUS'I'ED
GEOID09
DH9335.The hor1zontal coordinates were established by GPS observations
DH9335.and adjusted by the R + !'1 CONSU::..TANTS INCORPORATED in May 2006.
DH9335
DH9335. rr,e
DH9335.
DH9335
orthometric height was determined by GPS observations and a
solution model.
DH9335.GPS derived orthometric for airport stations des as
DH9335.PACS or SACS are published to 2 decimal 'I'his ma1ntains
DH933S.centimeter relative accuracy between the PACS and SACS. It does
DH9335.not indicate centimeter accuracy relative to other marks which are
DH9335.part of the NAVD 88 network.
DH933
JH9335.The X, Y, and Z we.re computed from the position and the ell ht.
DH9335
DH9335.The ::..aplace correction was computed from DEFLEC09 der1ved deflections.
DH9335
DH9335.The el height was determined by GPS observations
is referenced to NAD 83. DH9335.and
DH9335
DH9335.The
DH9335
DH9335;
DH9335;SPC
DH9335;UTz1
DH9335
DH9335!
geoid
AK 5
05
was determined by GEOID09.
North
-1,196,032.341
-7,180,670.994
Elev Factor
0.99996768
0.99996768
X
X
X
East
430,294.498
382,701.871
Units Scale Factor Converg.
Scale Factor
0.99995947
0.99976846
M~ 0.99995947 -1 19 23.3
MT 0.99976846 2 13 39.5
Combined Factor
0.99992715
0.99973615
DH9335!SPC AK 5
DE9335! UTt'-'1 05
Dt:933S
DH9335i---------------------------------------------------------------------[
5/8/2010 2:56PM
DATASHEETS http: i !www .ngs.noaa.gnv 1Cgi-bin!ds radiu~·P!;L
2 of2
9
~JE9 '7 :o . ~ 3
SUFESCSEDED
supe cont~ol is available fo Lh s i
~J •• NATIOt-.:AL SPATIAL A'JDRES : 5vvLM8 Ol 06 0 (NAD 83)
MA::ZKER: D'J = SU"'VEY DI
SETTING: 7 SET INTO TOP PLFE IN70 GROUND
STFJ,;PING: RBY 00
MARK LOGO: NGS
PROJECTION: RECESSED 6 CENT
HISTORY
: B BAR 1'1AGNST n.1BEDLJED MONUtv'.ENT
NAY EClLD, BUT TYF2 COMMONLY
SURFACE ION
THE S LOCATION \r4AS REPORTED AS SUITASLE
SATELL~TE OSSERVATIONS -Ma 12, 2005
PT~l: .8 rs
Cor.d11:
-200 0 2 MON~M2NTED
Report By
RH1CON
STATION DESCRIPTION
BY R M CONSULTANTS INCORPORATED 2005
LOCATED ALONG NORTH ~DE RUNWAY AT
'AIRPORT !N RUBY, ALASKA. OWNERSH! STATE ALASKA, C/0
AIRPORT MANAGER, 30: FEGER ROAJ, FA!HBANKS AK 9
9 -4 L-FAX NUMBER 907-4 l-2 0.
THE vr-HAS TRANSPORTATION AND LODGING
THE STATION FROM TEE MERRELINE A. KANGAS ELEHENTARY AND
ALASKA, FOLLO\'J "'HE .IURPORT ROAC
RUBY
OF THE A~RPORT APRON, PROCEED SOUTHWESTERLY
3 'ALONG THE TAXIWAY TO THE RUNWAY, AND FOLLOW A D ROAD
335'PARALLELS RUNW.A.Y ON NOR::'S IDE, \'JESTERI~Y FOR 0.0 MILES
WHICH LAY l'.PPOXH1ATELY 00' NOREl OF THE NOPe':-~! EDGE OF
5!
'THE STl\TION
(3.0
A NONST.i\NDARD NGS 0.083 i'/ (0. I ) DIAYJE:'ER BY 0.914
STAINLES STEEL PIPE FLARED AT THE BASE. THE s~ATION
M (l 8. FT) 206 DEGREES MAGNETI AZIMUTH WIND
, ·' N (20 .0 FT) 1 6 DEGREES MAGNETIC AZIMUTH FRO~ AWAS
3 'STRUCTURE:, AND 45.4 !VI ( 49.0 FT) 271 :VIAGNETIC .i\ZI!'1UTH
DH9335'THE SECOND RUNWAY IGHT SOUTHWEST THE TAXIWAY ON THE NORTH ICE 0
CH9335 'THE RUNVJAY. THIS STATIO?\ DESIGNATED ?,S THE PRI!'fiARY ?.IRPORT CONTROL
DH 33 'STATION.
complete.
00:00:0
5/1\/20 l () 2:56 p
APPENDIX B
CURRENT MAGNITUDE IMAGES
Current Magnitude, Line G
0 100 200 300 400 500 eoo 700 900
Current Magnitude, Line F
0 100 200 300 400 500 eoo 700 800 900
Current Magnitude, Line E
100 200 300 400 500 600 700 900
OIIIMce(m)
Current Magnitude, LineD
0
g II
1 11;)1
15-r-
0 100 lao JOG 400 500 800 700 800 900
Current Magnitude, Line C
100 200 300 400 500 800 700 800
Current Magnitude, Line B
100 200 300 400 500 800 700 800
Didwlce(m)
l 1
Current Magnitude, Line A
0 300 o400 500 800 700
Current Magnitude, Local recommendation
l
I
100 o400 500 eoo
DiiiMce(m)
I • ?~~\
APPENDIX C
DVD-PROCESSED DATA
-
-
0
)(
l
"(
I
APPENDIX D
-
presentation
f\edermaus
\enasond, Ud
w
t
<I(
APPENDIX E
2009 TURBINE PLACEMENT POSTER