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Home My WebLink AboutSmall Hydro Devel.E.Ausman 2008polarconsult alaska, inc. Specializing in energyengineers surveyors energy consultants conservation systems.2008 Rural Energy ConferenceAlaska’s Hydro from Pico to Small, Past and PresentEarle Ausman, P.E.polarconsult alaska, inc.ENGINEERS - SURVEYORS - ENERGY CONSULTANTS1503 W. 33rd Avenue, Suite 310Anchorage, Alaska(907) 258-2420www.polarconsult.netearle@polarconsult.net polarconsult alaska, inc. Specializing in energyengineers surveyors energy consultants conservation systems.The Importance of Small Hydro¾Small hydro supplies 50 million households throughout the world & produces 47,997 MW.¾Europe, 1998, has 9,878 MW of small hydro. 17,400 plants of which 47% are over 60 years old. Small hydro results in over 20,000 people employed in Europe. polarconsult alaska, inc. Specializing in energyengineers surveyors energy consultants conservation systems.Small Hydro TerminologyPicoMicroMiniSmallOutput <5 kW <100 kW<1 MW<10 MWExample Rainbow Creek McRoberts AtkaSouthforkHigh Head Medium Head Low Head(>150 feet) (30-150 feet) (<30 feet)Pelton CrossflowFrancis Open FlumeTurgoTurgoPropellerMulti Jet Pelton Multi Jet Pelton KaplanFrancis Spiral CaseTurbine Types polarconsult alaska, inc. Specializing in energyengineers surveyors energy consultants conservation systems.The Potential of Hydro in AlaskaHYDRO POTENTIAL2007 RAILBELT PEAK DEMAND¾Alaska has 45,000 MW of environmentally developable hydro ¾Railbelt peak demand is approx. 850 MW¾THERE IS ENORMOUS ROOM FOR GROWTH… polarconsult alaska, inc. Specializing in energyengineers surveyors energy consultants conservation systems.The Potential of Hydro in Alaska¾In 1956, mostly small hydros provided ½ of Alaska’s Electricity.¾Today, hydros provide only 15% of the Railbelt’sElectricity.¾The least expensive electricity in the state comes from the 40 MW Eklutna Hydroelectric Project¾Today, there is only one grid-tied small hydro on the entire railbelt – the McRoberts Creek Project. polarconsult alaska, inc. Specializing in energyengineers surveyors energy consultants conservation systems.Rainbow Creek Pico Hydro Commissioned 19836” HDPE, semi-buried polarconsult alaska, inc. Specializing in energyengineers surveyors energy consultants conservation systems.Rainbow Creek Hydro Hand regulated single jet pelton with synchronous generator polarconsult alaska, inc. Specializing in energyengineers surveyors energy consultants conservation systems.Rainbow Creek Hydro Dual Burner Cook top – Electric/propane polarconsult alaska, inc. Specializing in energyengineers surveyors energy consultants conservation systems.Rainbow Creek Hydro THES Load Governor with 4 priority load banks polarconsult alaska, inc. Specializing in energyengineers surveyors energy consultants conservation systems.Small Run-of-River Micro Hydro McRoberts Creek Hydro¾Power: 100 kW nominal¾Supply: 100+ homes¾Pipeline: 4,200’ 12” HDPE¾Head: 466’ Gross¾Turbine: Pelton Wheel¾Distribution: 4,600’ of buried 7,200-volt single phase¾Built in 1990 for $2,500/kW polarconsult alaska, inc. Specializing in energyengineers surveyors energy consultants conservation systems.Small Run-of-River Hydro Case Study - McRoberts Creek HydroTO PALMER 5 MILES polarconsult alaska, inc. Specializing in energyengineers surveyors energy consultants conservation systems.Small Run-of-River Micro Hydro McRoberts Creek Hydro Refurbished Canyon 2 jet pelton w/ 3 phase induction motor operating as single phase polarconsult alaska, inc. Specializing in energyengineers surveyors energy consultants conservation systems.Small Hydro Case Study - McRoberts Creek HydroMcROBERTS CREEK LOW-IMPACT RUN-OF-RIVER HYDROPELTON TURBINE RUNNER polarconsult alaska, inc. Specializing in energyengineers surveyors energy consultants conservation systems.Small Hydro Case Study - McRoberts Creek HydroMcROBERTS CREEK LOW-IMPACT RUN-OF-RIVER HYDROACCESS / HIKING TRAIL AUGUST 2007 polarconsult alaska, inc. Specializing in energyengineers surveyors energy consultants conservation systems.Small Storage Mini Hydro Example - Chuniisax Creek Hydro – Atka, Alaska¾Power: 275 kW nominal¾Supply: Village of Atka¾Pipeline: 1,060’ 30” HDPE¾Head: 120’ Gross¾Turbine: Cross-flow Turbine polarconsult alaska, inc. Specializing in energyengineers surveyors energy consultants conservation systems.MCROBERTS CREEK OUTBURST FLOOD – AUGUST 2002Numerous Stands of 100-year-old Cottonwoods Completely ObliteratedATKA POWERHOUSE polarconsult alaska, inc. Specializing in energyengineers surveyors energy consultants conservation systems.MCROBERTS CREEK OUTBURST FLOOD – AUGUST 2002Numerous Stands of 100-year-old Cottonwoods Completely ObliteratedATKA 275-KW GENERATOR polarconsult alaska, inc. Specializing in energyengineers surveyors energy consultants conservation systems.MCROBERTS CREEK OUTBURST FLOOD – AUGUST 2002Numerous Stands of 100-year-old Cottonwoods Completely ObliteratedATKA 275-kW CROSSFLOW TURBINE polarconsult alaska, inc. Specializing in energyengineers surveyors energy consultants conservation systems.MCROBERTS CREEK OUTBURST FLOOD – AUGUST 2002Numerous Stands of 100-year-old Cottonwoods Completely ObliteratedMODEL CROSS-FLOW TURBINE polarconsult alaska, inc. Specializing in energyengineers surveyors energy consultants conservation systems.MCROBERTS CREEK OUTBURST FLOOD – AUGUST 2002Numerous Stands of 100-year-old Cottonwoods Completely ObliteratedTYPICAL RUNNER FOR A CROSS-FLOW TURBINE polarconsult alaska, inc. Specializing in energyengineers surveyors energy consultants conservation systems.Hydroelectric TurbinesMEDIUM-HEAD SMALL HYDRO FRANCIS TURBINEKETCHIKAN HYDROELECTRIC PLANT polarconsult alaska, inc. Specializing in energyengineers surveyors energy consultants conservation systems.Medium head Francis type pump with induction motor & draft tube polarconsult alaska, inc. Specializing in energyengineers surveyors energy consultants conservation systems.Hydroelectric Turbines¾Low head plants use reaction turbines similar to a propeller (generic term is propeller turbine)¾None currently in service in Alaska (to my knowledge) polarconsult alaska, inc. Specializing in energyengineers surveyors energy consultants conservation systems.Hydro References“Small Hydropower Handbook for British Columbia” from the Bureau of Energy, Mines and Resources, Canada. Office in Vancouver, B.C.“Guide on How to Develop a Small Hydropower Plant” from the European Small Hydropower Association (ESHA), esha@arcadis.be Tel: +32-2-546.19.45“Water Power Development”, Mosonyi“Hydroelectric Handbook”, Creager & Justin, John Wiley“Design of Small Dams”, US Department of Interior, Bureau of Reclamation“Hydro Review” Magazine, HCI Publications, info@hcipub.com polarconsult alaska, inc. Specializing in energyengineers surveyors energy consultants conservation systems.Hydro Material SourcesPipeHDPE – Ferguson Enterprises Inc. 907-273-2100Steel – Northwest Pipe Company, 1-800-989-9631TurbinesCanyon Hydro, Pelton & Francis, www.canyonhydro.comCornell Pump Co., Fixed Output Francis, 1-503-305-0014Osberger, Crossflow & Propeller, 1-804-360-7992, patzig@hts-inc.comControlsThomson Turbine Governors, wrt@jomaries.comThomson and Howe Energy Systems Inc., 1-604-427-4326Electric Power Systems, 907-522-1953GatesWaterman - Exeter, CA, 1-800-331-0508