HomeMy WebLinkAboutLake Elva Reconnaissance Study 19795 W ~ ROBER ~ W. ,..R~!_HE~FORD A~S'?CfATES
A . Consu!tin{J Eng ine-srs ~ · ANCHORAGE,ALASKA
PROPOSAL
tONNAISSANCE STUDY FOR HYDROELECTRIC
AT LAKE ELVA NEAR DILLINGHAM AND ON
KISARILIK RIVER NEAR BETHEL
APAOOS/F
RECEIVED.
/>J,ASKA POWER AUTHORIT'(
PROPOSAL
RECONNAISSANCE STUDY FOR HYDROELECTRIC DEVELOPMENT
AT LAKE ELVA NEAR DILLINGHAM AND ON THE
KISARILIK RIVER NEAR BETHEL
Presented To
STATE OF ALASKA
ALASKA POWER AUTHORITY
Prepared By:
ROBERT W. RETHERFORD ASSOCIATES
CONSULTING ENGINEERS
ANCHORAGE, ALASKA
ARCTIC DISTRICT OF
INTERNATIONAL ENGINEERING COMPANY, INC.
August 6, 1979
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I.
II.
Ill.
IV.
v.
VI.
APPENDIX
TABLE OF CONTENTS
STUDY OBJECTIVE
BACKGROUND & EXPERIENCE
STUDY PLAN
1
3
10
A. Data Collection 10
B. Site Reconnaissance & Geological Studies 11
C. Power Requirement Forecast 12
D. Evaluation of Hydroelectric Resources 12
E. Evaluation of Thermal Generation Resources 14
F. Wind Power Potential 14
G. J nterconnection Potential 15
H. Conservation Measures 15
I. Analysis of Alternative Development Programs 15
J. Cost Estimates 16
K. Economic Analysis 16
L. Final Report 17
ORGANIZATION & MANAGEMENT PLAN 18
KEY PERSONNEL 19
BUDGET 22
COMPANY BROCHURES
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SECTION I
STUDY OBJECTIVE
Electrical Power requirements of Dillingham, Aleknagik Nelsonville
Kanakanak, and the rural area between these villages is provided by
Nushagak Electric Cooperative (N EC) in Dillingham. NEC is a
distribution type Rural Electrification Administration (REA) Borrower.
All power is generated by diesel electric generating units located in the
City of Dillingham.
Power for the City of Bethel is provided by privately owned and operated
Bethel Utilities Corporation. Approximately 20 villages in the area are
served by Alaska Villages Electric Cooperative (AVEC), another REA
distribution borrower. With few exceptions these villages are electrically
isolated from other village, with each having its own diesel powered
generating units. Remaining villages in the general area are served
mainly by small individually owned generating units in the 3 kW range.
As the price of petroleum fuels continues to escalate and as the supply
becomes less secure, the need to identify and use other sources of
electrical power. becomes ever more urgent. This study will evaluate
alternative to diesel generation for both the Dillingham and Bethel
areas. The objective will be to consolidate the results of previous
studies, analyze more promising alternatives in greater depth than
previous studies have done, and recommend a course of action for the
Alaska Power Authority. If one or more alternatives or combinations of
alternatives appears to be technically, economically and environmentally
feasible, an outline plan will be prepared for future action. In the
case of hydroelectric projects the study report will present an outline
plan for satisfying license application requirements of the Federal Energy
Regulatory Commission ( FERC).
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The study will consider available energy alternatives such as hydro-
electric potential, pulp, geothermal, wind 1 interconnection and conservation,
and assess their viability to meet area needs. Diesel generation will be
established as the economic yardstick against which other alternatives
will be evaluated. It is anticipated, without precluding detailed
consideration of other promising alternatives 1 that the major efforts of
the study will be directed toward hydroelectric production.
This proposal is submitted in response to a request for proposals issued
by Alaska Power Authority. The title of the RFP and the proposal are
not fully descriptive of the project. A study 1
11 Bristol Bay Energy and
Electrical Power Potential 11 performed by Robert W. Retherford Associates
for the United States Department of the Interior, Alaska Power
Administration 1 has just been released in the client in draft form. That
study addressed, in the Dillingham area 1 many of the items in the
original RFP. Therefore the scope of the study in the Dillingham area
was modified by addendum. As modified 1 the study in the Dillingham
area will concentrate upon a more detailed follow-up analysis of the
hydroelectric potential of lakes Grant, Elva, and Tazimina, and the
potential of interconnecting Naknek 1 Dillingham 1 and other villages in
the area.
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SECTION II
BACKGROUND AND EXPERIENCE
Robert W. Retherford Associates ( RWRA) has provided engineering
services in Alaska for over a quarter of a century. The resulting
knowledge gained of the state, its power systems, geography, weather 1
needs and potential has created a diversified, broad service engineering
firm.
In June 1979 Robert W. Retherford Associates become the Arctic District
of International Engineering Company, Inc. (I ECO), an internationally
recognized consulting engineering firm. I ECO has extensive experience
in energy development and has a staff which includes specialists in
every area of the field. These resources will be available during the
study for assistance in specialized phases of the work and for overall
review. However, it is anticipated that the majority of the work will be
done in Alaska by the Anchorage office staff.
One element of our broad experience in the Alaska energy field, which
will be described in detail later, is our intimate knowledge of the energy
situation in the vicinity of Dillingham and Bethel, having conducted or
participated in numerous projects in those geographic areas. As is
indicated in the RFP, studies conducted by Robert W. Retherford
Associates have brought to public attention many of the possibilities for
conservation of or alternate sources for energy which are to be
considered in greater detail in this study.
In 1977 we participated in a cost of service study for the Alaska Public
Utilities Commission which included all the AVEC villages of the study
area. We have produced power cost studies, construction work plans,
and hydroelectric feasibility studies for Nushagak Electric Cooperative
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at Dillingham. An example of our familarity with power requirement and
supply in the Bethel area is 11 A Regional Electric Power System for the
Lower Kuskokwin Vicinity 11 produced by RWRA in 1975 for the United
States Department of Interior, Alaska Power Administration.
The 11 Bristol Bay Energy and Electric Power Potential 11 study and 11 City
of Unalaska Electrification Study 11 recently completed by Robert W.
Retherford Associates and currently released to the clients in draft
form, are representative of Robert W. Retherford Associates efforts in
studies similar to this proposed study for the Dillingham and Bethel
areas.
Robert W. Retherford Associates has extensive experience serving the
needs of utilities throughout Alaska, especially REA financed coopera-
tives, but our experience is by no means limited to those areas. Listed
below is a representative summary of our experience and qualifications.
Planning Services -Planning comes before doing. Common sense and
regulatory agencies require it. The smallest and the largest electrical
associations in the state are aided by the firm's specialized capability in
preparing rate studies, two-year plans, long-range plans, power cost
studies, power supply studies, financial studies, and the myriad
feasibility studies needed before directions can be set. We also assist
numerous state and federal agencies in their fact-finding needs. Recent
examples of such planning services include:
• Feasibility studies for establishing an electric cooperative at lliamna 1
1976-1978.
• 11 Bristol Bay Energy and Electrical Power Potential 11 study performed
for the Alaska Power Administration. This report, which has just
been submitted in draft form 1 is a complete study of energy sources
and uses. It includes historical and projected data, and recommenda-
tions for future power supply for the area.
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• 11 Waste Heat Capture Study" for State of Alaska, Department of
Commerce, Division of Energy & Power Development, 1978.
• 11 North Slope Natural Gas Transport Systems and Their Potential
Impact on Electric Power Supply and Uses in Alaska'' for Alaska
Power Administration, 1977.
• 11 A Regional Electric Power System for The Lower Kuskokwim
Vicinity 11 for Alaska Power Administration, 1975.
• 11 Long Range Plan" for Matanuska Electric Association, Inc.,
1978-1979.
• "Preliminary Appraisal Report, Hydroelectric Potential for Angoon,
Craig, Hoonah, Hydaburg, Kake, Kasaan 1 Klawock, Klukwan,
Pelican, Yakutat" for Alaska Power Authority, 1977.
• "City of Unalaska Electrification Study 11 for the City of Unalaska,
supported by a grant from the State of Alaska, Department of
Community & Regional Affairs, is a comprehensive analysis of
power needs and possible sources in the Unalaska area. This
study has just been released to the client in draft form.
Diesel Power -Robert W. Retherford Associates has performed feasibility
studies, environmental studies 1 planning, design 1 and construction
management of diesel engine generators from small systems for bush
communities up to and including Alaska's largest two diesel-electric
plants at Kodiak and Glennallen.
Hydroelectric Power -I nvo!vement in Alaska's hydroelectric power
potential spans twenty years. Retherford Associates participated in the
conception 1 design and construction supervision of the Cooper Lake
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Hydroelectric Project which went into operation on the Kenai Peninsula
in 1959. The Firm made preliminary engineering and cost estimates
under contract with the General Electric Company on a proposed de
transmission system for the Snettisham Project near Juneau, and has
completed several Definite Project Reports for Hydroelectric Power: One
for a hydroelectric project at Terror Lake to serve Kodiak Island, and
most recently, a report and application for FERC license, for the Solomon
Gulch Hydroelectric Project near Valdez. This latter project will supply
power for Copper Valley Electric from Valdez to the Glennallen area.
RWRA recently completed construction documents and the project is now
under construction. Preliminary estimates of hydroelectric potential
have also been made for Lake Elva near Dillingham, Eagle River near
Anchorage, Nenana River near Healy, the Kisaralik River near Bethel,
and numerous other sites throughout the state. Following is a
representative sample of Robert W. Retherford Associates• involvement
in Alaska hydroelectric projects:
Definite Project Reports and License Applications
• Cooper Lake Project -Kenai Peninsula
• Terror Lake Project -Kodiak Island
• Solomon Gulch Project -Valdez
• Chester Lake Project -Metlakatla
• Tyee Lake Project -Petersburg & Wrangell (under preparation)
Hydroelectric Project Design and Construction Supervision
• Cooper Lake Project
• Solomon Gulch Project (present time)
Hydroelectric Appraisal Reports
• Nenana River near Healy
• Eagle River near Anchorage
• Lake Elva near Dillingham
• Kisaralik River near Bethel
• Ten Villages in Southeast Alaska
• Bristol Bay Region (under preparation)
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Hydro Project Rehabilitation Studies
• Purple Lake near Metlakatla
• Blind Slough near Petersburg
• Salmon Creek near Juneau
Unique Energy Source -In keeping with the economic and environmental
benefits of utilizing all natural sources of energy, Retherford Associates
has proposed an innovative scheme to derive energy from the Trans-Alaska
Pipeline crude oil flow from Thompson Pass to Valdez through a pressure
reducing turbine. This energy could supplement the Solomon Gulch
Hydroelectric Project. The concept has received approval from the
Alyeska management and further studies for detailed designs are underway.
Challenges of the Alaskan Bush Robert W. Retherford Associates
continues to emphasize work in the Alaskan bush where high transpor-
tation costs for fuel, extreme temperatures and small, isolated population
centers unite to challenge the basic human need for reliable, economically
feasible energy.
For instance, a study completed for the Alaska Power Administration
would link ten villages in a forty-mile radius of Bethel with an econom-
ically feasible electric power transmission system. An uncommon solution,
a Single Conductor Ground Return system, (SCGR), is proposed to be
built over tundra, permafrost, numerous lakes and the Kuskokwim River
which requires spans up to 2,000 feet and clearances of 60 feet or
more. These villages now rely on small diesel generators fueled by oil
that must be delivered over water during the short summer season.
Study results indicate that the SCGR system can be applied to much
greater geographic areas and reach even more remote villages economically.
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Innovative Designs -Alaska's vast distances, untamed terrain and
waterways, and extreme weather conditions have required uncommon
solutions for uncommon problems. The engineers of Retherford Associates
have met and continue to meet that challenge. Our knowledge of the
state, its power systems, geography, weather, and potential have
created a diversified broad-service engineering firm dedicated to helping
meet Alaska's electric energy needs. Some examples include:
• Prototype designs for transmission lines spanning distances of
nearly a mile over the rugged terrain of Southcentral Alaska;
• Tower designs adapted for muskeg and permafrost;
• Solid-state controlled power systems for isolated, unattended
communications sites;
• Submarine cables in 365-foot deep inlet waters lashed by some of
the strongest and highest tides in the world, and
• Generating plants constructed on the challenging permafrost zones
of Alaska.
Robert W. Retherford Associates, the Arctic Division of International
Engineering Company, Inc. maintains in Anchorage a staff experienced
in a broad range of disciplines and intimately familiar with Alaska
conditions. International Engineering Company (IECO) is a wholly
owned subsidiary of Morrison-Knudsen Company, Inc. (M-K), a world
wide construction company which has worked in Alaska for nearly forty
years. I ECO has an impressive record of accomplishments in the
planning, design and construction management of projects in the fields
of water resources 1 transportation, and industrial facilities. I ECO has
engineered hydroelectric plants with a total of 37,000,000 kW 1 ranging
from very small installations to some of the world's largest.
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Recently I ECO conducted a study of the feasibility of burning wood
waste in conjunction with geothermal steam to produce electricity. The
concept involves increasing the temperature of geothermal steam by
burning wood waste.
The combination of the Robert W. Retherford Associates and I ECO
offices provides the client with the benefits of a local staff knowledgeable
in the unique conditions of Alaska, backed up by the best technical
talents of an international engineering organization.
The project team has total capability to perform the required technical
services and we welcome the opportunity to become involved in the
project.
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SECTION Ill
STUDY PLAN
General
The reconnaissance study will include economic feasibility 1 engineering
feasibility 1 environmental assessment and review of alternate energy
resources. The study will comply in all respects to the scope of study
outlined in the RFP unless modified by mutual consent. The draft
report of preliminary findings, exclusive of stream gaging information 1
will be completed by December 15, 1979, or 4 calendar months after
award of contract, whichever is later. The final report will be completed
within 30 days of collecting the required full~year of stream flow
information.
The work plan is described in the following items:
A. Data Collection
The study will collect known data on power requirements, existing
utility systems, .and the area's energy resources. The data will include:
o Utility operating and financial reports to the Federal Energy
Regulatory Commission and internal management.
o Consultants' reports.
o Regional and site-specific studies prepared for the Alaska State
Legislature, Alaska Department of Commerce and Economic
Development, Alaska Power Administration, U.S. Army Corps of
Engineers, U.S. Forest Service, U.S. Geological Survey 1 and
other agencies.
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• Land classification and status.
• Wind information.
• Streamflow records compiled from existing gauges by the U.S.
Geological Survey, and climatic records of the U.S. Weather Bureau.
• Regional and subregional economic data prepared by the U.S.
Bureau of the Census, the Alaska Departments of Labor, Commerce
and Economic Development, Revenue, and Community and Regional
Affairs, and the University of Alaska.
• Environmental data prepared by the Alaska Department of Fish and
Game and Environmental Conservation, U.S. Wildlife Service, U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, U.S. Forest Service, and other
agencies.
Many of these data are now in our library. The proposed team members
have participated in many of these studies and in other studies of
similar nature.
8. Site Reconnaissance & Geological Studies
PhysiCal site reconnaissances will be conducted for the most promising
hydroelectric or other alternate energy sources, and transmission routes.
The reconnaissance will be conducted by a two-man team consisting of
an engineer and a geologist. This team will spend approximately
5-6 days in each of the study areas.
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C. Power Regui rement Forecast
Power requirements for the Bethel area will be forecast through 1995 1
based on the area•s recent historical population growth and economic
development and expected future trends as updated from existing records
and publication. Information concerning factors expected to or likely to
cause future loads to depart from historical trends will be collected by
examining published data and operating records 1 and application of
sound engineering and economic judgment. Power requirements for the
Dillingham area will be obtained from the 11 Bristol Bay Energy and
Electrical Power Potential 11 study being completed by RWRA for the
Alaska Power Administration.
D. Evaluation of Hydroelectric Resources
Review of Collected Data -Data collected on hydroelectric resources
and site-specific development schemes as identified in section A
above will be reviewed to determine their technical and economic
usefulness in the present study. Data and project concepts
determined by the engineer to have potential significance will be
selected for further analysis. The intent will be to analyze data
to identify any potential problem areas 1 construction materials and
site suitabjlity. The analysis will determine probable strength
parameters and recommendations for locations of dams 1 powerhouses
and waterways. Particular attention will be addressed to potential
dam seepage and stability of structures under seismic loading. In
the Dillingham area 1 the study will be a follow-up to the Bristol
Bay Study and will be limited to a more detailed analysis of Lakes
Elva, Grant, and Tazimina unless other alternatives become obvious.
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Hydrologic Studies
Coordinate with the USGS the placement of stream gages as required.
(Funding, installation, and data collection are not included).
We will collect all previous streamflow and precipitation data available
at representative locations and derive a typical set of monthly flow
data for each. Other water resource needs will be considered
when estimating average annual output of each hydroelectric power
facility. These data will be used in reservoir operation studies
utilizing available computer programs. The results of these studies
will be displayed graphically. Reservoirs will be sized to meet
present and future loads as forecast.
We propose to use probable maximum precipitation charts and
synthetic triangular unit hydrographs (computer programs) to
compute probable maximum floods, which data will be used to
determine spillway sizes.
Conceptual Layout and Design
Based upon field surveys and geotechnical investigations, conceptual
designs will be prepared for the most favorable sites (up to a total
of 3). The type of dam selected will be the most suitable for the
specific site with safety a paramount consideration. Each dam type
will also be selected on the basis of economics, which in turn will
depend upon availability of materials, construction considerations,
etc. Appurtenant structures, including penstocks, intakes, and
spillways will be sized to meet hydrological and other criteria.
Hydraulic and electric machinery will be chosen for optimal operation.
The types, sizes, and number of turbine/generator units will be
determined based upon heads, flows, and operational requirements.
The reasons behind the selections will be explained in the text.
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Transmission voltages will be recommended based upon economic
and engineering evaluation of both near-term and long-term
conditions.
E. Evaluation of Thermal Generation Resources
Thermal generation will be approached as follows:
• Diesel only alternatives will be developed for comparison with
hydro.
• Use of diesel fueled supplementary generation and reserve capacity
will be examined; electrical integration of utility and industrial
power systems will be evaluated for this pu-rpose if applicable.
• Analysis of the thermal generation alternatives will address in
general terms system efficiencies which may be expected from
waste heat utilization. The analysis will take into account
characteristics of existing diesel plants of the study areas.
F. Wind Power Potential
Published wind information for the area will be examined. Available
wind characteristics will be compared to requirements of state of the art
wind generating equipment so that potential for wind powered generation
within the area may be assessed. (For the Dillingham area a preliminary
analysis has already been done in the Bristol Bay Study).
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G. Interconnection Potential
Potential for interconnection of load centers will be examined to determine
technical advantages of such interconnections. Specific attention will be
addressed to possible economics of scale which might be realized by
replacing several isolated power plants with one or more large plants
and a transmission system. Such interconnection has been addressed in
previous RWRA reports (Bristol Bay Study and Lower Kuskokwim study).
The concept will be examined in greater detail in this study.
H. Conservation Measures
Conservation measures such as generation dispatch, waste heat utilization,
etc. which allow more energy to be recovered from each gallon of diesel
fuel consumed will be discussed.
I. Analysis of Alternative Development Programs
Program Formulation -Following determination of system power
requirements, area resources, and evaluation of individual projects,
alternative system development programs will be formulated. These
programs will be based on one or more individual generation-
transmission projects. Each of the alternative programs will be set
equal in terms of its ability to satisfy system load growth through
1995. Each of the alternative programs will include only technically
and economically feasible projects. This formulation of alternative
programs will enable the subsequent economic analysis to identify
the projects and project scheduling options which will result in
least long-term cost to the system.
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Environmental and Safety Review -An environmental review will be
made of each alternative production site and transmission route to
identify major areas of environmental concern. The review will
assess the environmental impact of the power project and any
institutional constraints. It will identify fishery and wildlife
resources which may be impacted by the proposed development and
discuss possible mitigation measures and their impact on project
economics. The study will identify areas where controlled release
of water from hydroelectric projects can enchance existing fisheries.
The review will assess the safety hazard, if any, introduced or
eliminated by the development of a particular project. The hazards
to health and safety due to thermal power plant development will
be briefly discussed. Criteria developed for sizing spillways
(See D above) will be outlined.
J. Cost Estimates
Cost estimates for the more promising resources will be prepared on the
basis of current estimated costs for construction. In addition to
construction costs, the total estimate will include such non-construction
items as interest during construction, engineering, and administration
costs. Separate estimates of annual costs of operation, maintenance,
and other annual expenses will also be made.
K. Economic Analysis
Based upon the foregoing studies and estimates, the cost of power and
energy for the most suitable power development will be determined.
Economics will be based on interest rates of 2, 5, 7, and 9 percent
over a 35 year term. The data will be presented in a form which will
allow APA to determine the benefits of the power and energy to the
study area.
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L. Final Report
The final report will include, but not be limited to, the items enumerated
under Section II, paragraph B Scope of Study, as contained in the
Request for Proposal. It will include an outline plan for satisfying the
license application requirements of the Federal Energy Regulatory
Commission for hydroelectric sites recommended for development.
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SECTION IV
ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT PLAN
The study will be conducted by Robert W. Retherford Associates, the
Anchorage Office of International Engineering Company, Inc. The project
will be directed and conducted by personnel from the Anchorage office
with the exception of select specialized assistance from the San Francisco
office. Following is a list of anticipated task assignments:
Project Manager
Hydrologic Studies
Geotechnical Investigations
Electrical Equipment
Conceptual Design
Cost Estimates
Economic Analysis
Environmental Report
Hydraulic Equipment
Energy Alternatives
Wind Power
Dora L. Gropp, PE (or)
Frank Bettine, EIT (Anchorage)
Richard Burg, EfT (Anchorage)
R. M. Retherford, Geologist
(C.C. Hawley Assoc., Anchorage)
Allen W. Showalter, PE (Anchorage)
Carl H. Steeby, PE (Anchorage)
Tom Barber (San Francisco)
Dale D. Steeby (Anchorage)
Richard Burg, E IT (Anchorage)
Delancey Smith (San Francisco)
Dora L. Gropp, PE (Anchorage)
Dr. Tunis Wentink, Jr. (Alaska Geophysical
Institute)
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SECTION V
KEY PERSONNEL
The following list of key personnel who will be involved in the work is
provided as an example of the breadth and depth we have to offer for
this project:
Dora L. Gropp, Electrical Engineer -Either Mrs. Gropp or Frank
Bettine will serve as project manager. Mrs. Gropp has over ten
years experience in all phases of the electric utility. With Siemens
in Germany; and Brown & Root, Robert W. Retherford Associates,
and as an independent consultant in Alaska, she has performed
design, quality review, planning, and system studies for numerous
clients. Mrs. Gropp has recently served as project manager for
two significant studies: a long range plan for Matanuska Electric
Association and a comprehensive study of ''Bristol Bay Energy and
Electrical Power Potential. 11
Frank J. Bettine, Electrical Engineer -Mr. Bettine has conducted
engineering design and investigations for several electrical utilities
in Alaska. · His most recent assignments have been project manager
for an electrification study for the City of Unalaska, and economic
analysis of a single-conductor transmission line near Bettles.
C. H. Steeby, Hydroelectric Engineer -Mr. Steeby has over
25 years of experience in the investigation, planning, design and
construction management of major projects, including hydroelectric
installation, dams, tunnels, penstocks, surge tanks, spillways,
transmission lines, distribution lines, and sewage treatment plants.
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A. W. Showalter, Electrical Engineer Mr. Showalter has an
extensive background in all phases of the electric utility industry.
His experience covers thermal, hydro, and diesel generators,
contract administration, project supervision, technical and manage-
ment advisor to small and large utilities, and transmission, distri-
bution and substation design.
Richard Burg, Civil Engineer -Mr. Burg has considerable experience
in the fields of hydrologic and environmental assessment. His most
recent responsibilities were the preparation of probable maximum
flood and spillway flood design for the Solomon Gulch project near
Valdez and the environmental report, Exhibit W for the Terror
Lake project on Kodiak Island. His current assignment is to
provide the hydrologic studies and environmental report for the
Tyee Lake project in Southeast Alaska.
R. M. Retherford, Geologist -Mr. Retherford has a Masters Degree
in Geology and has done geologic field work in Alaska exclusively
since 1972. His hydroelectric experience includes geologic inves-
tigations at Solomon Gulch, Terror Lake, and Chester Lake and
Tyee projects near Valdez, Kodiak, Metlakatla, and Wrangell
respectively.
Dale Steeby, Mathematician -will perform the economic analysis of
each project to be studied. He has had considerable experience in
preparing power cost studies for REA cooperatives. His most
recent power cost studies have been for the Copper Valley Electric
Association, the Kodiak Electric Association, and the Naknek
Electric Association.
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Tom Barber, Estimator -has many years of engineering and
construction experience with I ECO and M-K 1 including extensive
dam and hydroelectric work. He will be able to call upon the M-K
organization for up-to-date information on construction technology
and costs. M-K is presently involved in several projects in Alaska
and maintains a permanent office in Anchorage.
DeLancey Smith, Turbines -will provide technical expertise for
recommendations of turbines and associated equipment. Mr. Smith's
experience since 1942 includes the design 1 field installation,
laboratory and field testing of hydraulic turbines and associated
equipment.
Dr. Tunis Wentink, Jr. -Dr. Wentink is with the Geophysical
Institute, University of Alaska, Fairbanks. He will provide advice
and assistance in cataloguing and analyzing the potential for
wind-power generation within the area.
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SECTION VI
BUDGET
The budget estimate for the project is summarized below. The total
project budget will be spent in Alaska except for approximately
80 man-hours of engineering support from the San Francisco office.
Item
BETHEL AREA
Personnel Costs
Professional Staff
Support Staff
Consultants
Robert M. Retherford, Geology
Dr. Tunis Wentink, Wind
Other Direct Costs
Travel, Per diem, Printing, etc.
Subtotal
DILLINGHAM AREA
Personnel Costs
Professional Staff
Support Staff
Consultants
Robert M. Retherford, Geology
Other Direct Costs
Travel, Per diem, Printing, etc.
Subtotal
TOTAL PROJECT BUDGET
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Man-Hours
490
200
120
60
540
320
240
Rate
$50
33
44
55
50
33
44
Cost
$24,500
6,600
5,280
3,300
5,000
$44,680
27,000
10,560
10,560
6,500
$54,620
$99,300
APAOOS/H
APPENDIX
COMPANY BROCHURES
YOU ARE WARMLY INVITED to become
acquainted with our organization. On
these pages we present our capabilities,
resources and highlights of twenty years
of work in Alaska.
========================================================
INSIDE
A BRIEF OVERVIEW: ELECTRIFYING ALASKA
SCOPE OF SERVICES
OFFICES, PEOPLE AND EQUIPMENT
STAFF
PROJECTS
ROBERT W. RETHERFORD ASSOCIATES t CONSULTING ENGINEERS
========~=============================================== 6917-6927 OLD SEWARD HIGHWAY
ANCHORAGE, ALASKA 99502
t P.O. BOX 6410
(907) 344-2585
A DIVISION OF INTERNATIONAL ENGINEERING COMPANY, INC.
A BRIEF OVERVIEW
ELECTRIFYING
The service and growth in Alaska of Robert W. Retherford Associates coin-
cides with the development and expansion of rural and urban electrification in
the state.
Robert Retherford began working in Alaska in 1950 for Chugach Electric
Association, and established his own firm of consulting engineers in 1954. It
was during these early years that communities such as Kotzebue, Glennallen t
Naknek and Dillingham were organizing their first community-wide electrifica-
tion programs; and others, such as the Matanuska Valley and the Kenai
Peninsula were outgrowing their original systems and needed professional help
in expanding.
Small, individually owned generators meeting one-family or one-business needs
were common. Often these owners found themselves supplying power to
nearby homes and businesses. In the more populated areas of Southcentral
and Southeast Alaska a few small, privately owned power companies served
entire communities, but seldom reached out more than one or two miles.
Electricity in the smaller villages was sporadic. Having a light bulb in one's
house was more often a symbol of pride than of sufficient and reliable illumin-
ation.
In these isolated villages residents sometimes obtained power by running
primitive lines to privately-owned diesel generators -usually a part of the
general store. Depending on legal restrictions government agencies sometimes
could or could not share their power facilities with the communities.
As communities outgrew their original systems and needed engineering help to
expand or combine existing facilities, many turned to Chugach Electric Asso-
ciation for help. Chugach was a new utility having just incorporated as a
cooperative of REA in 1949.
As Chugach's Chief Engineer, Robert Retherford found that the engineering
needs of the communities were urgent and endless. Finally, in 1954, he
opened his own firm and gave his full attention to rural electrification in
Alaska. Over the succeeding twenty five years Retherford Associates has
served the needs of electric utilities from their first power studies through
years of growth and expansion.
The resulting knowledge gained of the state, its power systems, geography,
weather and potential created a diversified broad-service engineering firm
dedicated to helping meet Alaska's electrical energy needs.
In 1979, our 25th anniversary year, Robert W. Retherford Associates was
acquired by, and became a Division of, International Engineering Company,
Inc., San Francisco, California.
Diversity Marks Activities
Some highlights of the firm's activities are described below ..
Planning Services -Planning comes before doing. Common sense and regula-
tory agencies require it. The smallest and the largest electrical associations
in the state are aided by the firm's specialized capability in preparing rate
studies, two-year plans, long-range plans, power cost studies, power supply
studies, financial studies, and the myriad feasibility studies needed before
directions can be set. State and federal agencies are also assisted in their
fact-finding needs.
On-Site Energy System -An advanced on-site energy system using small gas
turbines was recently completed for the University of Alaska -Anchorage. It
supplies light, power and climate control and is designed to maximize energy
conservation by interconnecting and coordinating with the local electric utility.
Diesel Power -Alaska's two largest diesel power plants, at Kodiak and Glenn-
allen, were completed in 1977. Retherford Associates provided the power cost
studies, ·environmental reports, plant designs and construction management
for these multi-million dollar power plants.
Hydroelectric Power -Involvement in Alaska's hydroelectric power potential
spans twenty four years. Retherford Associates participated in the conception,
design and construction supervision of the Cooper Lake Hydroelectric Project
which went into operation on the Kenai Peninsula in 1960. The Firm made
preliminary engineering and cost estimates under contract with the General
Electric Company on a proposed D.C. transmission system for the Snettisham
Project near Juneau, and has completed Definite Project Reports and Applica-
tions for License to construct three other projects; Terror Lake to serve
Kodiak Electric Association Consumers, Solomon Gulch Project for Copper
Valley Electric Association, inc. and the Chester Lake Project to serve the
Metlakatla Indian Community. The Solomon Gulch Project is now (1979)
under construction and scheduled to be on-line in early 1981 to serve the
service area from Valdez to Glennallen and beyond. A Definite Project
Report and Application for License to Construct the Tyee Lake Hydroelectric
Project for Petersburg-Wrangell is now in progress. We have prepared recom-
mendation studies for rehabilitation of the Salmon Creek Hydroelectric Project
near Juneau and the Purple Lake Hydroelectric Project near Metlakatla. Reth-
erford Associates performe d design and construction supervision for the dam
and penstock repair and spillway enlargement for the Blind Slough Project
for the City of Petersburg and preliminary estimates of hydroelectric potential
for Lake Elva near Dillingham, Eagle River near Anchorage, Nenana River near
Healy and the Kisaralik River near Bethel, as well as numerous smaller projects
in southeast Alaska and Kodiak Island.
Unique Energy Source -In keeping with the economic and environmental
benefits of utilizing all natural sources of energy, Retherford Associates has
proposed an innovative scheme to derive energy from the Trans-Alaska Pipe-
line crude oil flow from Thompson Pass to Valdez through a pressure reducing
turbine. This energy could supplement the Solomon · Gulch Hydroelectric
Project. The concept has received approval from the Alyeska management and
further studies for detailed designs are underway.
Challenges of the Alaskan Bush -Retherford Associates continues to empha-
size work in the Alaskan bush where high transportation costs for fuel,
extreme temperatures and small, isolated population centers unite to challenge
the basic human need for reliable, economically feasible energy.
For instance, a study conducted for the Alaska Power Administration would
link ten villages in a forty-mile radius of Bethel with an economically feasible
electric power transmission system. An uncommon solution, a Single Con-
ductor Ground Return system, (SCGR), is proposed to be built over tundra,
permafrost, numerous lakes and the Kuskokwim River which requires spans
up to 2,000 feet and clearances of 60 feet or more.· These villages now rely
on small diesel generators fueled by oil that must be delivered over water
during the short summer season. Study results indicate that the SCGR
system can be applied to much greater geographic areas and reach even more
remote villages economically.
Innovative Designs -Alaska1s vast distances, untamed terrain and waterways,
and extreme weather conditions have required uncommon solutions for un-
common problems. Innovative approaches to Alaska 1s electrical needs mark
Robert W. Retherford Associates• more than twenty years in Alaska. The
engineers of Retherford Associates have provided Alaska reliable service with:
Prototypal designs for transmission lines spanning distances of nearly a
mile over the rugged terrain of South Central Alaska;
Tower designs adapted for muskeg and permafrost;
Solid-state controlled power systems for isolated, unattended communica-
tions sites;
Submarine cables in 365-foot deep inlet waters lashed by some of the
strongest and highest tides in the world, and
Generating plants constructed on the challenging permafrost zones of
Alaska.
R. W. Retherford Associates is an electrical engineering firm offering complete
engineering services from initial feasibility studies to final design and con-
struction management.
The Firm specializes in:
Transmission and distribution system planning
Generation planning
Power, load, system protection and voltage regulation
studies
Rate studies and feasibility analyses
It provides preliminary and final design and supervises construction for:
Diesel electric and gas turbine generating plants
Hydroelectric generating plants
Transmission lines
Submarine cable systems
Distribution systems
Substations
Building electric systems
Control and telemetering systems
In addition, the firm has related mechanical, civil and geological engineering
capabilities in:
Gas transmission and distribution systems
Compressor stations, regulating stations and storage
facilities
Power plant fuel systems
Mechanical control systems
Feasibility studies of pipelines and other energy
transport
Multiple-use energy applications such as on-site energy
systems
Sewage systems and sewage treatment
Foundations and structures
Hydraulics
Dams
Subterrene excavation
Geology and hydrology
OFFICES I PEOPLE AND
Robert W. Retherford Associates has practiced in Alaska as a professional
engineering firm since 1954. The firm•s offices are located in two one-story
buildings at 6917-6927 Old Seward Highway, Anchorage, Alaska.
It has a full-service staff of electrical 1 civil, mechanical and construction
engineers; field crews for surveys and construction management; a drafting
department and general office staff.
Equipment for work in the field includes: highway and four-wheel drive ve-
hicles; off-highway vehicles; marine transport (120 h. p. 24-foot fiberglass
survey boat); electrical test gear for field measurements including electronic
survey equipment; and shop test work.
Office equipment includes a Wang 720C computer with input-output writer,
flatbed plotter and marksense card reader, and a Datapoint 5500 Computer for
data management. In addition, a number of large computer programs are in
the files of Alaska Data Systems for use on their IBM 360-40 computer system.
STAFF =================================~===============·===============~
ROBERT W. RETHERFORD
Registered
Alaska
Professional Engineer:
Texas
Arkansas
No. 309E
No. 31181
No. 3691
Idaho
North Dakota
Kansas
No. 643
No. 1468
. No. 6402
University of Idaho, B.S.E.E. 1941
Affiliations: Institute of Electrical & Electronic Engineers
Alaska Society of Professional Engineers
National Society of Professional Engineers
Robert Retherford establishes policy and provides overall technical direction
to the firm's activities. He is also actively concerned with quality assurance
for all job-projects of the firm.
His comprehensive experience in the power industry includes design, con-
struction, operations, economics and rate analysis as primarily applied to
power studies, transmission and distribution systems, diesel, small gas tur-
bine and hydroelectric power plants.
Robert Retherford specializes in studies involving design, construction and
economic feasibility; rate analysis; complete electrical engineering systems;
and environmental impact statements. He serves as expert witness for elec-
trical associations and municipalities appearing before the Alaska Public Util-
ities Commission, and as advisor to other state agencies.
His highly creative design capability is geared towards finding uncommon
solutions for establishing reliable and economically feasible power under Alas-
kan weather and geographic conditions. Innovative designs include a guyed
and hinged portal-type transmission tower for permafrost and muskeg condi-
tions, gravity stabilized transmission structures for three phase conventional
and single wire ground return transmission lines, special foundations for
transmission structures exposed to 35-foot tides, tidal bores, and heavy ice
blocks driven by 12 knot currents, and a shielded low-profile substation
design for improved appearance, sophisticated relaying and reduced costs.
Robert Retherford 1s work for Rural Electrical Cooperatives spans thirty-nine
years, including seventeen years in Idaho, Oregon and Washington. As a
partner in the firm of Howard Zenier and Associates, Vancouver, Washington,
1944 to 1950 he participated in numerous transmission and distribution proj-
ects throughout the Northwest.
As Systems Engineer for Chugach Electric Association, Anchorage, he partici-
pated in the accomplishment of the diesel electric and steam electric generat-
ing facilities, transmission lines and distribution systems of this rapidly
growing suburban utility. In 1954 Robert Retherford established the present
firm.
Special Recognitions
1960-1968 -Member of the Board of Engineers and Architects Examiners for
the State of Alaska.
1974 -Mason Lazelle Award for 11 0utstanding Contribution to the Electrifica-
tion of Alaska. 11 Presented by the Alaska Rural Electric Cooperative Associa-
tion (ARECA).
1972 -Named 11 Engineer of the Year 11 by the Alaskan Chapters of six major
engineering associations.
1959 -Milton Hunt McGuire Engineering Achievement Award Presented by the
Northwest Public Power Association in Recognition of 11 ••• Outstanding engi-
neering achievements and his valuable contributions in advancing the public
interest by furthering rural electrification in Alaska. 11
DWANE L. LEGG, P.E. -Director of Engineering Management
Registered Professional Engineer:
Alaska
New Mexico
Colorado
No. 3974E
No. 4396
No. 11488
New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, B.S.E.E. 1961
Twenty-four credits completed towards Master of Science
in Engineering Management.
Affiliations: National Society of Professional Engineers
Alaska Society of Professional Engineers
American Management Associations
Dwane Legg has extensive experience in design, operation, and management
of electrical utilities. As Director of Engineering Management at Retherford
Associates, he is responsible for manpower scheduling, contract preparation,
budget administration, and select areas of quality control.
He applies his engineering and management background to the preparation of
long range plans, two year work plans, financial forecasts, power cost studies
and power feasibility studies for various clients, and training of junior staff
members.
As Associate Engineer for Anchorage Municipal Light and Power Department
he directed a staff of seven in planning, engineering and scheduling of
distribution and transmission design. He reviewed municipal subdivision
platting activity, prepared subdivision agreements and handled service area
questions before the Alaska Public Utilities Commission. He also participated
in long-range system planning and in preparations for rate hearings before
the APUC.
As General Manager for the Raton Public Service Company, New Mexico, he
held administrative, financial, purchasing and engineering responsibility for
this electric utility with 12 MW coal fired generating capacity serving 3400
consumers with 30,000,000 kWh net annual generation. He instituted a con-
struction work order system, improved the purchasing and accounting sys-
tems, updated personnel policies, and negotiated purchase of REA facilities to
eliminate overlapping service areas. He participated in rate and distribution
system studies performed by consultants and then implemented the recommen-
dations.
As principal Test Engineer for ARF Products, Inc., Raton, New Mexico, he
designed test fixtures, devised and wrote production test plans and super-
vised testing procedures for production line testing of VHF two-way communi-
cation systems and analytical laboratory instruments.
Earlier work experience includes Flight Test Engineer for the Apollo Project 1
North American Aviation 1 White Sands 1 New Mexicoi and Engineer-in-charge-
of various rocket and satellite tracking facilities at White Sands Missile Range,
Elmendorf A. F. B., American Samoa and sites in Australia.
Mr. Legg is a licensed private pilot 1 amateur radio operator, and holds an
FCC 2nd class radio telephone license.
BERTA M. MARSHALL -General Manager
Berta Marshall, as General Manager is responsible for financial matters,
accounting, contracts and general office administration.
She maintains close liaison with clients to assure that the record-keeping and
cost accounting performed for them contains the accurate allocation of costs so
vital for their use with property records and regulatory matters.
Berta Marshall has managed offices for Borden Foods Division of Borden,
Inc., and Timpte, Division of Ohio Brass, both in Phoenix, Arizona. She has
extensive experience in job cost accounting, accounts receivable billing and
collections, accounts payable, payroll and personnel supervision.
DORA GROPP -Director of Quality Control
Registered Professional Engineer:
Alaska No. 4029-E
Ansbach, Germany No. Ill 12-2056 and P15
Siemens Technical lnstitute1 Germany 1 B.S.E.E.1 1965
Dora Gropp has experience in design, estimating and contract administration
in both Germany and in the United States.
Her experience with RWRA includes design and design review, specification
writing and review 1 project scheduling for substations 1 generating plants 1
electric systems and transmission lines 1 and system planning studies.
As Director of Quality Control, she has overall responsibility for the Quality
Control Program. She assigns quality control procedures and assigns specific
personnel to review each engineering task to insure that all engineering and
technical output is of the highest quality and accuracy.
In 1975-76 she was the electrical engineer and acting project engineer for a
4 MW diesel generating plant for Copper Valley Electric Association in Glen-
nallen1 Alaska. This project included design and construction management for
the installation of a power house addition with two diesel engine generators 1
switchgear, station service and auxiliary equipment. Parallel to this project
she was the electrical design engineer for a 13 MW diesel generating plant for
Kodiak Electric Association in Kodiak, Alaska.
As Project Engineer for Siemens AG, Erlangen, Germany 1 she had major res-
ponsibilities in design 1 estimating and contract administration for electrical
substations and switchgear up to 220 kV 1 including all equipment, structures 1
buildings, supervisory control and auxiliary power.
While assigned to the division 11 medium voltage 3-30 kV 11 , she worked mostly
with metalclad switchgear for generating plants and distribution. This in-
cluded engineering and design of generator-switchgear and protection for
domestic and foreign application. During this time she designed the switch-
gear and protection for a heat/power plant for the Municipal Power Association
in Munich, a waste incineration power plant for the Municipal Power Association
in Frankfurt/Main, and for a power plant for the Municipal Power Association
in Quito/Peru.
While assigned to the division 11 Energy Distribution 11 1 her major responsibility
was engineering and design of high voltage substations and switchgear,
220/110/10 kV for various domestic utilities and the Electrical Supply Board of
Ireland. She also conducted studies and prepared plan's for a 220/110/10 kV
electrical transmission and distribution system for a major municipal power
company.
Mrs. Gropp came to the United States in 1969 and resumed her engineering
career in 1973 as Senior Planning and Scheduling Engineer in Anchorage for
Brown & Root, Inc. Her responsibilities included determination, establishment
and monitoring of field progress, scheduling policy, and reporting, used in
the construction of a 40 MW electrical power generation and transmission
system at Prudhoe Bay, Alaska.
During 1976/77 Mrs. Gropp determined requirements and conducted a geophysical
survey of the Alaskan Arctic Plain for Alaskan Arctic Gas.
As a consulting engineer, she also prepared feasability studies for snow-and
ice-aggregate road construction for AAG, power cost studies for commercial
clients and electrical design for commercial buildings.
Mrs. Gropp is fluent in German and has a working knowledge of the French
language.
CARL H. STEEBY -Civil Engineer
Registered Professional Engineer:
Alaska No. 456E
Arkansas No. 1936
Missouri No. E-11468
University of Kansas, B.S.C.E. 1952
Affiliations: American Society of Civil Engineers
National Society of Professional Engineers
Alaska Society of Professional Engineers
Water Pollution Control Federation
U.S. Committee on Large Dams
Carl Steeby specializes in civil engineering design related to hydroelectric
power; transmission and distribution line design; and sewage systems and
sewage treatment plants.
His current hydroelectric assignments include:
* Project Engineer for the design and construction of the Solomon Gulch
Hydroelectric Plant near Valdez, Alaska for the Copper Valley Electric
Association 1 Inc. The salient features of the project are:
*
*
115 foot high asphaltic faced rockfill dam.
450 foot wide agee type concrete spillway.
Two 48-inch diameter by 3800 feet long power penstocks.
Powerhouse containing two 6 MW vertical Francis type turbine-
generator units.
Project Engineer on preparation of Definite Project Report and a FERC
License Application on the Tyee Lake site near Wrangell, Alaska for the
Thomas Bay Power Commission.
Participating as a principal engineer in a Bristol Bay, Alaska power sur-
vey; responsible for the hydroelectric potential appraisal of the region for
the Alaska Power Administration.
Recent Hydroelectric Assignments:
*
*
Enlarging the spillway and repairing the penstock and rockfilled dam at
Crystal Lake in Southeast Alaska for the City of Petersburg. To meet
special environmental requirements these repairs made innovative use of
aluminum plate facing as an impervious membrane to replace the existing
concrete face.
Preparing a definite project report and REA loan application for construc-
tion of a sixty-foot rockfill dam at Metlakatla.
*
*
*
*
*
Making a preliminary appraisal of hydroelectric sources for ten villages in
Southeast Alaska.
Participating as a principal engineer in a major update and reevaluation of
the hydroelectric potential at Terror Lake on Kodiak I stand.
Preliminary appraisal of the hydroelectric potential of Tyee Lake for the
Thomas Bay Power Commission of Petersburg-Wrangell, Alaska.
Rehabilitation study of the Salmon Creek Hydroelectric Project near Juneau
for Alaska Electric Light and Power Company.
Preparation of a "Definite Project Report and Application for License 11 to
the Federal Power Commission to construct the Solomon Gulch hydroelec-
tric project near Valdez. This report includes a power cost study,
meteorological and hydrological study, field surveys, geology and founda-
tion investigation, preliminary design of the dam, penstock, powerhouse,
pressure reducing turbine in the Trans-Alaska Oil Pipeline transmission
system and an environmental impact analysis. This project is currently
under construction.
Other Hydroelectric Experience
Other hydroelectric experience in Alaska includes highway relocation 1 five-
mile tunnel, intake structure, penstock, and surge tank construction super-
vision for the Eklutna, Alaska hydroelectric project as an engineer for the
Bureau of Reclamation; project engineer for the contractor on the construction
and installation of equipment for the Eklutna powerhouse; hydroelectric power
survey of Kodiak I stand; preliminary evaluation of the Terror Lake hydro-
electric potential on Kodiak Island; preliminary estimates of hydroelectric
potential of Lake Elva near Dillingham, Eagle River near Anchorage, Nenana
River near Healy and the Kisarali k River near Bethel; a hydroelectric poten-
tial survey of Annette Island and construction supervision of the Cooper Lake
hydroelectric project as resident engineer for Retherford Associates.
Other Experience
During his employment with Retherford Associates from 1955 to 1963 as a staff
engineer, Mr. Steeby designed and supervised construction of distribution
lines, transmission lines, substations, and diesel power plants for several
REA cooperatives in Alaska. He was also the project engineer on the master
plans for two U.S. Air Force Bases in Alaska.
As facilities engineer for the University of Arkansas he was in charge of
campus streets 1 storm drainage 1 potable water, sewerage and electrical facil-
ities. During this one year of employment he was responsible for the conver-
sion of 2400 volt overhead electrical system to 13000 volt underground and the
installation of a major storm drainage sewer network.
He became Superintendent of Sewage Treatment for Kansas City, Missouri, as
the city was inaugurating a new treatment program and the construction of
three treatment plants. He formed a school for sewage treatment plant opera-
tors which provided trained personnel for each plant as it was completed. In
this position he supervised the operation of the treatment plants, reviewed
plans and specifications, prepared budgets, and was in charge of the flood
control works (pumping stations, etc.) along the Missouri and Blue Rivers
within the City of Kansas City, Mo. When he left, Kansas City sewage treat-
ment costs were among the lowest in the nation.
On his return to Retherford Associates in 1973, Carl Steeby was assigned to
create a civil engineering division with special emphasis on hydroelectric
projects.
He also has extensive experience in surveying, welding, foundations, geol-
ogy, scuba diving, and personnel administration.
ALLEN W. SHOWALTER -Electrical Engineer
Registered Professional Engineer:
Alaska No. 3614E
Washington No. 11702
Washington State University, B.S.E.E. 1960
Affiliations: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
NSPE
ASPE
Allen Showalter's work with electrical utilities in both the United States and
foreign countries provides him with an extensive background in all phases of
the utility industry.
His experience includes design, installation and maintenance of thermal,
hydro, and diesel generators; contract administration; project supervision;
technical and management advisor to small and large utilities; transmission,
distribution and substation design, and rehabilitation of distribution systems.
Among Mr. Showalter•s projects for R. W. Retherford Associates are:
Design of a major 138 kV switching station including 138 kV, future
provisions for 230 kV, 45 MVA substation, and 138/230 kV transmission
lines. This assignment also included upgrade of design of an aluminum
tower for increasing the voltage from 138 kV to 230 kV.
Assisted in design and supervised the construction, testing and commis-
sioning of a 965 kW unit and 2620 kW unit addition to diesel-electric
generating facilities in Valdez for Copper Valley Electric Association.
Upon completion of construction he supervised testing and commissioning
of two 2620 kW units in Copper Valley Electric Association•s Glennallen
plant expansion.
Assisted in design, and supervised testing and commissioning of a three-
unit 13,000 kW addition to the Kodiak Electric Association diesel power
plant.
Design, construction, superv1s1on, and start-up of two 900 kW peaking
turbines for Kotzebue Electric Association.
Presently completing the electrical design portion of a 12 MW hydro-
electric plant for Copper Valley Electric Association at Valdez, Alaska.
Other experience includes:
Technical advisor to the Alaska Public Utilities Commission as Utilities
Engineer.
Electrical Engineer for the construction contractor of the Thane Sub-
station, Juneau. This is the receiving station for the Snettisham Hydro-
electric Project.
Contract Managing Engineer in Vietnam for a USA I D pilot rural electrifi-
cation project, pole treatment plant, a national power survey and a
construction contract for a two-unit 120 MW thermal power plant. Also
advisor to the Vietnam Power Company.
Service Engineer for Westinghouse in the Large Rotating Apparatus
Group where he was involved with installation and service, including
generator rewind, for Westinghouse clients.
MICHAEL D. HALL -Civil Engineer
Registered Professional Engineer:
Alaska No. 3006-E
Registered Professional Land Surveyor:
Alaska No. 3336-S
University of Alaska, B.S.C.E. 1967
18 Credits of post-graduate engineering study
Affiliations: American Society of Civil Engineers
Michael Hall has eleven years of comprehensive civil engineering design and
construction experience throughout Alaska. His work with the State Depart-
ment of Highways, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Bureau of Land Manage-
ment, and the Engineering Division, National Weather Service has developed
broad experience with the most remote areas and extreme climate conditions of
the state.
With R. W. Retherford he is involved in civil engineering design and construc-
tion supervision for various projects, including electrical transmission lines,
roads, and hydroelectric facilities.
He recently completed duties as project engineer on a 60 mile long 138 kV
transmission line in interior Alaska. He is presently involved in all civil
engineering phases of the Solomon Gulch hydroelectric project.
As Chief of the Facilities Design Section, Alaska Region, National Weather
Service, Mr. Hall was responsible for engineering design related to installa-
tion, construction, and rehabilitation of weather service facilities throughout
Alaska.
As civil engineer with the Alaska State Office, Bureau of Land Management,
his principal duties were design, planning, and contract administration.
With the Alaska District, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, he worked as a civil
engineer for both the design and construction branches on civil and military
projects.
His work with the Alaska Department of Highways included construction
surveying and road and highway design.
FRANK J. BETTINE -Electrical Engineer
E.l. T. Oklahoma, 1970
Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, B.S.E.E., 1970
University of Oklahoma, Norman, M.S. E. E., 1978
Mr. Bettine performs engineering calculations,
assists project engineers in various capacities.
tion, and the subject of his Master's Thesis, is
Emphasis on Grounding in Arctic Conditions.
ground system analyses, and
One of his areas of specializa-
Power System Grounding, with
Additional engineering related job experience includes employment as an
electrician while attending Oklahoma State University, and a Graduate Assis-
tant Teaching Position while attending the University of Oklahoma.
During a 6-year tour of duty with the U.S.A.F., Mr. Bettine served as a
Weapons-System Officer in the Phantom F-4E aircraft, and logged over 1500
hours which includes 185 combat missions in South East Asia.
RICHARD W. BURG, JR. -Civil Engineer
E.I.T. Washington/ 1977
University of Washington 1 B.S.C.E.1 1977
Richard Burg assists with structural and foundation design; dam 1 road 1 and
penstock design; environmental impact statements; and construction inspec-
tion.
As a Staff Engineer for R and M Consultants 1 Inc. 1 he assisted in geotech-
nical engineering/ surveying 1 environmental/sanitation engineering 1 structural
engineering and engineering property determination.
Additional Alaska experience includes the following summer employment during
his college studies: With Tippetts-Abbott-McCarthy and Stratton he worked
on expansion of the Port of Anchorage. With Arctic Environmental Engineers
he assisted in the design and construction supervision of water treatment
facilities throughout Alaska. With R and M Consultants 1 Inc. he assisted in
measuring and outlining drainage basins along the Alcan Highway and in
general highway work.
Education -
Affiliations -
DAV! D W. ROZOF -Engineering Technician
Three years Electrical Engineering,
Michigan State University
Senior Level Engineering Courses,
Colorado State University
Past Vice Chairman Rocky Mountain Electric League
Underground Committee
Mr. Rozof has 12 years experience with various municipal and public electric
utilities. This includes 1\ years as Electrical Engineer for the City of
Westerville, Ohio, 4 years as Assistant Electrical Superintendent for the City
of Loveland, Colorado, and 4~ years as Electrical Engineer and Division Land
Agent for Montana -Dakota Utilities Company.
His experience has included underground and overhead distribution design,
roadway lighting and signalization design, specification writing, bid evalua-
tion, and plan review. He has been responsible for engineering planning,
load forecasting and filing required state and federal reports.
Mr. Rozof performs distribution 1 metering 1 and relaying designs i voltage drop
calculations and component selection for various clients; and provides various
support roles for registered engineers.
DALE STEEBY
University of Alaska, B.S., Mathematics, 1974
Alaska Secondary Teaching Certificate
Numerous Datapoint Schools
Computer Services
Dale Steeby has overall responsibility for Computer Services. This includes
in-house computer support to the accounting and engineering departments, as
well as sale and lease of hardware and software to other clients within
Alaska.
He assists in the preparation of engineering studies and performs as resident
inspector of transmission line, distribution line and substation construction.
He has six years experience in steel fabrication and welding as a welder and
supervisor for Cardwell Manufacturing Company, Kansas, and welder for
Automatic Welding Company of Anchorage.
Education -
Affiliations -
ALBERT L. SWANK -Senior Designer
E .I. T. and Civil P. E. Examination Application
Approval 3/79
Colleges Credit (2 years) -
California State Polytechnic College
University of Alaska
Colleges Non-Credit (R&D)
San Jose City College
University of Chicago
Stanford
University of California Berkeley
University of California Santa Barbara
American Concrete Institute
Albert Swank has seven years of comprehensive research and development
experience in the pure sciences combined with the preparation of publications
and issuance of publication rights.
He has 3 years of general drafting experience and 7 years of comprehensive
civil and mechanical design experience throughout Alaska.
He has been responsible for the design of specialized soil testing apparatus
and established the design criteria for the private development of roads
and drainage projects in the Anchorage bowl. As design engineer for
consultants and agencies, has conducted the general design of roads, storm
drains, water utilities, sewer utilities, airports, sewage treatment plants,
H & V systems, buildings, waste heat recovery, water treatment plants and
general instrumentation and control systems.
Mr. Swank has had extensive management experience from construction through
engineering office management combined with proposal presentation and project
cost estimation.
With R. W. Retherford Associates he is involved in civil engineering design and
mechanical design of hydroelectric facilities and diesel generation facilities.
CRAIG J. THOMPSON -Electrical Engineer
E. I. T. Alaska, 1977
University of Alaska, B.S.E.E., 1976
Craig Thompson served as a field engineer for a comprehensive cost of ser-
vice study of forty-seven Alaskan villagesi designs overhead and under-
ground electrical distribution systemsi and performs engineering calculations
for various engineering projects.
His Alaskan experience, while in college, included summer work as a field
construction supervisor for Alaska Village Electric Cooperative. While work-
ing for AVEC, in numerous Alaskan villages, he supervised tank farm instal-
lations, generator installations, and distribution line construction.
STEPHEN C. DREW -Consulting Associate
. Electrical Engineer
Registered Professional Engineer:
Alaska No. 3924-E
University of Alaska, B.S.E.E. 1968
Cold weather construction and operations in remote places have been a way of
life for Stephen Drew, a twenty-five year Alaskan resident. R. W. Rether-
ford Associates calls upon this extensive experience for field engineering and
construction management services.
His work with the firm includes participating in developing and installing fuel
storage spill prevention systems, locating faulted underground cables, and
designing a heating system to thaw permafrost under controlled conditions at
a proposed pipeline pumping station. He has also conducted voltage drop
studies, short circuit studies and systems mapping, and prepared REA loan
applications, and an on-site survey of the existing and future power needs of
47 small villages in Alaska serviced by AVEC.
Some of his recent work has been with medium-sized diesel generation plants.
As Resident Engineer for a major expansion of the Kotzebue plant and instal-
lation of a 1000 kW unit at Dillingham, he worked with plant personnel and
local hires supervising all phases of material procurement, construction,
troubleshooting and final acceptance. The overall efficiency of both plants
was increased by applying all available methods for waste heat recovery.
Stephen Drew has seen construction from both sides of the fence. As a
construction electrician with a commercial wiring contractor in Fairbanks, he
has over 2000 hours working in the trade. His three-year Navy tour found
him a junior officer in charge of several construction projects done by the
Sea Bees. During the summer Antarctic construction year of 1971 he was in
charge of the electricians and utilities group for all new construction at
McMurdo Station. Following the Antarctic assignment, he spent ten months in·
construction and public works as a shops engineer for Naval Forces, Viet
Nam. He worked closely with scattered Navy groups, providing men and
materials for new construction and base camp maintenance.
Stephen Drew is an accomplished pilot and aircraft owner. He holds a com-
mercial pilot's certificate with an instrument rating, a certified flight instruc-
tor's rating for instrument flight and a single engine seaplane rating. He has
more than 700 hours of flying experience; all but fifty hours have been
dealing with Alaska weather, navigation, fuel logistics and bush air strips.
EDWIN N. FISHER -Consulting Associate 1
Mechanical Engineer
Registered Professional Engineer:
Alaska No. 1432E
University of Nebraska, B.S.M.E. 1959
M.S. (Heat Transfer 1 Metallurgy) 1964
University of Alaska, M.S. (Engineering Management) 1969
Affiliations: American Society of Mechanical Engineers
American Society of Heating, Ventilating
and Air-Conditioning Engineers
Pi Tau Sigma
Sigma Tau
Sigma Xi
Edwin Fisher provides special project and consulting services in mechanical
engineering and management to R. W. Retherford Associates.
His responsibilities with Retherford Associates in the past five years include:
Mechanical design, including waste heat recovery and ambient air cooled
foundation systems for $650 1 000 power plant addition 1 Kotzebue Electric Asso-
ciation.
Mechanical design for $5,200,000 power plant addition, Copper Valley Electric
Association.
Mechanical design, including fuel storage and transfer line, for $450,000
power plant addition, Nushagak Electric Cooperative.
Project Coordinator for University of Alaska -Anchorage Engineering Data
Book, which provides data about the greater Anchorage area needed in long-
range planning and design for the Anchorage campus.
On-Site Power Generation Study for the University of Alaska -Anchorage
campus. This study is the basis for construction of $1,500,000 self-contained
heating-cooling-electricity system interconnected with the local electric utility.
Study to determine feasibility of a LPG pipeline from the North Slope to
interior Alaska.
Design of oil spill containment systems constructed at Port Lyons and Kodiak,
Alaska.
Feasibility study of a pressure reducing turbine to recover energy from the
Trans-Alaska pipeline crude oil flow from Thompson Pass to Valdez.
Establishment of a Department of Gas Pipeline Safety for administering the
Federal Gas Pipeline Safety Standards for the Alaska Public Utilities Com-
mission.
As a consultant to Alyeska Pipeline Service Company he was the principal
investigator for a "Heat Balance Investigation Report, Alyeska Fairbanks Hot
Pipe Test Section,11 and served as consultant for snow and ice work pad
design 1 fuel gas pipeline design, and the 11 Final Report of Cold Pipeline
Performance in Permafrost at Barrow, Alaska. 11
As principal investigator for the Alaska Public Utilities Commission he in-
spected and made recommendations for upgrading the Barrow gas distribution
system.
Edwin Fisher•s extensive experience in natural gas distribution and trans-
mission includes design 1 construction, operation 1 policy development, rate
analysis and marketing.
As Vice-President of Development and Assistant to the President and Secre-
tary of Alaska Pipeline Company 1 parent company of Anchorage Natural Gas
Corporation, his responsibilities included conducting studies in such areas as
renewable and nonrenewable resources, Alaska-wide markets, transportation
and other service industries to help determine long-range planning for pos-
sible ventures in Alaska.
As Assistant Professor of Mechanical Engineering at the University of Alaska,
he conducted courses in civil and mechanical engineering, participated in the
design construction and operation of a low temperature laboratory, and in the
design and administration of research projects.
Edwin Fisher•s early experience includes the design, service and installation
of heating 1 ventilating and air-conditioning control systems throughout Alaska
for Honeywell Company.
Patents:
United States Patent No. 3,868,694, 11 Deployable System for Containing Oil
Spills 11
•
United States Patent Pending 1
11 1mproved Heat Accumulating and Exchange
Device 11 •
Canadian Patent 11 Notice of Allowance,H 11 Deployable System for Containing Oil
Spills".
Canadian Patent 11 Notice of Allowance, 11 11 Heat Accumulating and Exchange
Device for Apparatus Cooled by Liquid Coolant 11 •
Professional Articles:
11 Engine Preheating With Saved Heat: Something for Nothing?11 , The Northern
Engineer, Vol. 5, No. 3, Fall, 1973. University of Alaska, Fairbanks.
CONRAD R. HILPERT -Consulting Associate
Mechanical Engineer
Registered Professional
Alaska
Illinois
Oklahoma
Pennsylvania
Engineer
No. ME4565
No. 18072
No. 21139E
No. 8714
Pennsylvania State College, B . S.M. E . 1942
M . S. M . E . 1948
M. E. 1953
Oklahoma State University, Ph. 0. 1972
Affiliations: National Society of Professional Engineers
American Society of Mechanical Engineers
American Institute of Industrial Engineers
Sigma Xi
Society for Experimental Stress Analysis
Society of Automotive Engineers
Conrad Hilpert•s 35 years of professional experience provides a rich back-
ground in developing innovative designs for mechanical systems, and testing
and implementing these designs for everyday performance.
He has extensive experience in engineering machine and mobile equipment
systems, and mechanical, hydrokinetic, hydrostatic, power transmission and
control systems for transport, basic and manufacturing industries. Some of
his work included basic research on arctic mobility of vehicles over arctic
terrain, cold weather starting, cold weather maintenance. Also he did re-
search on permafrost cutting, ripping, excavating, snow and ice mechanics
and construction. Much of U.S. heavy equipment uses Hilpert1s patents and
designs.
His work with R. W. Retherford includes:
The solution of oil consumption and contamination problems in multi-
megawatt diesel generators;
Cooling problems, failure analysis and control systems;
Energy conversion and conservation, heat recovery, and power gener-
ation efficiency improvement;
Failure analysis, prevention and design improvement in large machinery,
structures and prime movers.
His industrial engineering background includes extensive organization manage-
ment and implementation of incentive, compensation and reward policies.
Dr. Hilpert has served as principal of his own consulting engineering firm;
Chief Engineer for Research and Development, Twin Disc, Inc., Rockford,
Illinois; Engineer in Charge of Hodgkins Proving Grounds for International
Harvester Company; and Project Engineer, Engineer Research and Develop-
ment Laboratories, Fort Belvoir, Virginia.
For two years he was Visiting Professor of Mechanical Engineering at Carnegie-
Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. He currently is and has been
for many years a faculty member at the annual Creative Problem Solving
Institute of the New York State University at Buffalo.
Patents:
Granted more than 30 U.S. patents, primarily on control systems and vehicle
and machinery drive. The latest (1977) is a variable capacity hydrokinetic
torque converter of high efficiency and great simplicity (assigned to a large
excavator builder).
Special Awards:
Recipient of Archibald T. Colwell Merit Award of the Society of Automotive
Engineers.
Registered Land Surveyor:
Alaska 451S
Oregon 571
Idaho 867
JACK LUNDEN -Consulting Associate,
Land Surveyor, Field
Engineer
Jack Lunden provides
Retherford Associates.
Alaska in 1954.
survey and field engineering services to R. W.
He has been associated with the Firm since coming to
His responsibilities with the Firm have taken him by helicopter, track vehicle,
snowshoes and rubber boat to near inaccessible areas of Alaska. He has
conducted preliminary survey work for hydroelectric projects; served as
resident engineer for survey, staking and construction of distribution and
transmission lines in the Interior, Southeast and Southcentral Alaska, and
developed numerous inventory and pole numbering systems for up to 800 miles
of line.
Jack Lunden is a licensed helicopter pilot and frequently utilizes this skill to
save time and more efficiently cover his projects.
Before coming to Alaska, he served as party chief or resident engineer on
distribution and transmission line projects involving more than 2200 miles of
line in the Northwest United States.
ROBERT M. RETHERFORD -Consulting Associate
Geologist
University of Colorado, B.A. (Geology) 1970
M.S. (Geology) 1972
Affiliations: Alaska Geological Society, Trans-Alaska
Section Committee
Robert M. Retherford provides comprehensive 11 in-house 11 geological services
and coordinates the work of geological consulting firms.
His activities have included coordinating the work of renowned consulting
geologist Fred Jones for the initial geologic investigation of the Solomon Gulch
hydroelectric site near Valdez. He also established the fly-in camp, super-
vised diamond core drilling operations and seismic and soil studies and
assisted Fred Jones in writing the final geologic report.
As a geologist with R & M Consultants Robert Retherford participated in
studies for the Trans-Alaska Pipeline including basic geology and soils,
thermal erosion (permafrost), hydrology erosion, and soil classification sta-
bility. He supervised and logged drilling operations on preliminary soil
investigations on the North Slope and was responsible for foundation investi-
gations in remote areas of the state including a small earth-fill dam site near
Dillingham.
He has experience in the use and limitations of soil sampling using truck,
track, heliportable and man powered drills with split spoons, Shelby Tubes
and refrigerated diamond coring.
Experience in sanitation problems includes methods of coping with on-site
sewage systems in shaHow or impermeable soil. He has conducted soil investi-
gations and recommended a sanitary system for a forty-acre subdivision in the
Anchorge hillside area.
Robert Retherford's experience with C. C. Hawley and Associates, Economic
Geologists, includes acting as camp manager, chief claim staker and field
geologist for reconnaisance explorations for base metals in the Southern
Brooks Range; co-managing the geophysics program for the same exploration
using Radem, shootback, scintillometers, magnetometers and self-potential
units; and mapping coal resources in the Beluga area.
His electrical field engineering experience includes all positions on crews
surveying transmission lines, hydroelectric projects, submarine cables and
substations, clearing right-of-ways, and inspecting towers.
The projects reported below indicate the breadth and scope of the firm's work
in Alaska. The list is not inclusive. The firm is built on a program which
emphasizes special attention to engineering problems that are typically Alaskan.
TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION LINES AND SUBSTATIONS
Chugach Electric Association
Twenty-six miles 138 kV trans-
mission line, one 138 kV
switching station, one 45 MVA
138 kV to 38.5 kV sub-station
(1974-1976).
Design of miscellaneous sub-
stations, system wide (1970).
52 mile 138 kV transmission
line. Required designing new
type guyed aluminum trans-
mission tower for use over
muskeg and permafrost terrain
(1968).
115 kV and 34.5 kV transmis-
sion lines and 16 ~WA substa-
tion addition(l965).
80 mile 115 kV transmission
line, Kenai to Anchorage, and
two 15,000 kVA substations
(1962).
Forty mile 14.4/24.9 kV dis-
tribution system, Rabbit Creek
to Portage (1958).
34.5-7.2/12 kV 3750 kVA sub-
station, Sand Lake (1958).
300 kVA substation addition
(1954)
Design
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Canst.
Supv.
X
X
X
X
X
X
Project
Cost
$ 3,750,000
$ 140,000
$ 2,000,000
$ 810,000
$ 4,000,000
$ 400,000
$ 75,000
$ 75,000
Matanuska Electric Association
Twenty-four mile 115 kV trans-
mission line from Teeland to
Willow (1978).
Replacement of existing 17 mile
34 kV transmission line with a
115 kV transmission line from
Herning to Teeland (1976-77).
Relocation of existing electri-
cal facilities along Eagle River
Road to accommodate highway
widening (1976).
Relocation of existing electri-
cal facilities, Peters Creek
to Eklutna, to accommodate
highway widening (1976).
Twenty-four mile 14.4 kV trans-
mission line, eight mile 34.5
kV line, .25 mile 115 kV line,
and four substations rated at
10,000 kVA, 3750 kVA, 1550 kVA
and 500 kVA (1975).
10 ~NA low profile 115-7.2/12.5
kV substation using shielded
high voltage cable, submersible
circuit reclosers and switching
equipment, all housed in small
fiberglass enclosures to provide
minimum visual impact and ground
level operation conditions (1974).
10 MVA Pippel substation, modifi-
cations to other substations,
transmission and distribution
lines (1970).
Golden Valley Electric Association
Sixty mile 138 kV transmission
line, Johnson Road to Delta
Junction (1976-1978).
Twelve mile 138 kV transmission
line, North Pole to Fairbanks
(1976).
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Cohst.
Supv.
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Project
Cost
$ 2,000,000
$ 1,100,000
$ 250,000
$ 450,000
$ 1,200,000
$ 200,000
$ 340,000
$ 5,000,000
$ 1,200,000
Relaying protection design for
138 kV and 69 kV transmission
system (1972).
Fifteen mile 69 kV transmission
line, Fairbanks to Eielsen
(1972).
Plant substation (1954).
Kodiak Electric Association
Underground cable laid jointly
with city water supply line to
Monashka Bay (1972).
Four mile 69 kV transmission
line, 5 MVA substation and 10
~NA substation (1966).
Homer Electric Association
Addition of 30 MVA 69 kV/115 kV
transformer, and increase to
115 kV switching and intertie
equipment, Soldotna substation
(1977-78).
Two 115 kV transmission circuits,
4.5 miles each to Soldotna sub-
station (1978).
7.5 MVA dual voltage substation
(1970).
25 kV distribution Circuits
(1969).
5 MVA substation, 6000 amp.,
480 volts bus (1969).
Sixty mile 69 kV transmission
line and 5 MVA substation (1968).
Sixty-five mile 69 kV transmis-
sion line, Kenai to Kasilof
(1960).
One hundred twenty mile 14.4/25
kV distribution system, Homer
to Clam Gulch, Soldotna and
Sterling (1956-1958).
Design
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Const.
Supv.
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X·
Project
Cost
(report)
$ 300,000
$ 70,000
$ 150,000
$ 275,000
$ 600,000
$ 800,000
$ 290,000
$ 110,000
$ 87,000
$ 1,200,000
$ 1,000,000
$ 705,000
Nushagak Electric Association
Twenty-five mile 7.2 kV distri-
bution line, Dillingham to
Aleknagik (1961).
Naknek Electric Association
Twenty-five mile 7.2/12.5 kV
distribution system (1960).
Copper Valley Electric Association
Forty mile 14.4/25 kV distribu-
tion system (1959).
Kotzebue Electric Association
Three mile 2.4/4.16 kV distri-
bution system (1956).
Design
X
X
X
X
Con st.
Supv.
X
X
X
X
SUBMARINE CABLE SYSTEMS
Homer Electric Association
$
$
$
$
Project
Cost
241,000
236,000
300,000
100,000
Design, supervise construction of 22,000 foot 25 kV sub-marine cable across
Kachemak Bay in water to depths of 365 feet (1974-1975).
Value of project: $450,000
Kodiak Electric Association
Locate, supervise repair of damaged submarine cable -Kodiak to Woody Island
(1972).
Design and supervise installation of 6700 foot, 15 kV submarine cable in water
depths to 125 feet from Kodiak to Woody Island (1970).
Chugach Electric Association
Locate faults in major oil filled high voltage cable in Cook Inlet (1972)
(1973) (1975).
Design and supervise 22,000 foot submarine cable route across Knik Arm. In-
cluded marine survey, selection of high voltage submarine cable, supervision
of cable laying, embedment, termination and testing. Circuits consisted of
four single conductor, 138 kV solid dielectric, copper wired armored cables
jet ploughed to 12 foot depths below the bottom of the 90 foot deep inlet
(1968).
Dl ESEL ELECTRIC GENERATION
Copper Valley Electric Association
Major addition to Glennallen
Power Plant. Includes 6000
square feet addition to diesel
generator building, traveling
bridge crane, two 2624 kW diesel
generating units, 40,000 gallon
fuel storage addition, 7,500
kVA step-up substation, 16
miles of 24.9 kV line, 55
miles of single to three phase
line conversion, and six sub-
stations to serve Alyeska Pipe-
line loads (1974-1977).
One 965 kW and one 2620 kW
diesel generating units, 1800
sq. ft. building additions and
40,000 gal. fuel storage at
Valdez (1974-1975).
1928 kW diesel generator, 3000
kVA substation and 3000 sq. ft.
building added to existing
Valdez plant (1973).
Two-unit 640 kW diesel genera-
tion plant at Glennallen (1959).
Kodiak Electric Association
Turn key responsibility for
20,000 kW diesel generation
plant expansion. Includes
power cost study, site selec-
tion, environmental reports and
appearances at public hearings,
major equipment specifications,
purchase of pre-cast concrete
building and supervision of
instruction program (1974 -
1977).
2050 kW and 2665 kW package type
diesel units with control and
switchgear added to the system
(1969).
Design
X
X
X
X
X
X
ConsL
Supv.
X
X
X
X
X
Project
Cost
$ 5,200,000
$ 1,090,000
$ 650,000
$ 250,000
$ 6,700,000
$ 7,000,000
Two 2050 kW package type diesel
units added to the system (1966).
Two unit 1600 kW diesel genera-
tors added to power plant (1958).
North Slope Borough
Design and supervise construc-
tion of 2500 kW gas turbine
generator in a four month period
to relieve serious power short-
age. Turbine will tie into plans
for new facilities to maximize
use of waste heat to heat nearby
public facilities. Modular hous-
ing unit for generator pre-fab-
ricated in Anchorage and air-
lifted to Barrow. Eighteen
square foot piling supported
deck constructed to house gen-
erator in housing unit (1976).
Design and supervise construc-
tion of a new generation and
distribution system for
Anaktuvik Pass. New facilities
are to maximize utilization of
existing equipment and will be
accomplished using local man-
power of the community (1976 -77).
Kotzebue Electric Association
Addition of power plant build-
ing, 1000 kW diesel unit with
switchgear and exhaust heat
recovery equipment, and heat
transfer exchangers to add heat
to the community central water
system. Special foundation
treatment stabilized permafrost
condition by providing a heat
sink utilizing minimum energy
expenditure in a high fuel cost
area. Construction management
techniques utilized local man-
power, skills and equipment
(1974-1975).
X
X
X
X
X
Con st.
Supv.
X
X
X
X
X
$
$
Project
Cost
690,000
500,000
$ 1,100,000
$ 100,000
$ 650,000
1000 kW diesel unit added to
existing plant (1960).
Two unit generation plant and
three mile 2.4/4.16 kV distri-
bution system (1956).
Nushagak Electric Cooperative
Addition of 1000 kW generator,
expansion of existing generat-
ing plant, rebuilding of main
distribution substation, con-
version of the city's distribu-
tion system to a higher, more
efficient voltage, construction
of a headquarters building with
parts storage and vehicle repair
facilities. A waste heat system
will heat the new headquarters
building (1976 -77).
Addition of 750 kW diesel unit
with switchgear. Included re-
moval of old fuel storage tanks,
installation of 1/4 mile oil
pipeline and new fuel storage
with modern spill prevention
equipment. Upgraded old power
plant with cooling system mani-
fold and building heating system
using excess heat from engines.
Construction management techni-
ques fully utilized local man-
power, skills and equipment (1973).
850 kW diesel generation expan-
sion (1961).
Homer Electric Association
600 kW diesel electric genera-
tion plant expansion (1970).
Two unit 1200 kW diesel genera-
tion plant expansion (1958).
9olden Valley Electric Association
Two 2750 kW diesel package type
units with switchgear substation
Design
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Const.
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
Project
Cost
375,000
300,000
950,000
450,000
280,000
650,000
400,000
600,000
Const. Project
Design SUJ2V. Cost
and control installed at the
University of Alaska power plant
site (1969).
Naknek Electric Association
Addition of three 440 kW and X X $ 1,430,000
one 1000 kW diesel units to
existing plant, 2000 kVA trans-
former to existing substation,
and a 500,000 gallon fuel stor-
age tank (1977).
500 kW diesel generation expan-X X $ 120,000
sion (1965) .
Three unit 1050 kW diesel gen-X X $ 426,000
erator plant (1960).
Nome Light and Power Utilities
2100 kW diesel generation expan-X X $ 500,000
sion (1963).
HYDROELECTRIC PROJECTS
Petersburg Municipal Power and Light
Design and supervise repair of rock-filled dam and penstock on Crystal Lake
and enlarge spillway to meet PFC safety requirement. Includes use of aluminum
plate facing as an impervious membrane to avoid use of solvents that could
contaminate potable water and endanger fish hatchery downstream (1977).
Value of Project: $339,000.
Metlakatla Indian Community
Prepare Definite Project Report and loan application to REA for constructing
and financing 60-foot high rock filled dam with single. unit 2500 kW installed
capacity (1977-1979).
Value of Project: $3,000,000
Alaska Power Authority
Preliminary appraisal of hydroelectric sources for 10 villages in Southeast
Alaska: Klukwan, Yakutat, Hoonah, Pelican, Angoon, Kake, Klawock, Kasaan,
Craig and Hydaburg. Study includes data collection, evaluation of existing
systems, power requirement forecast, hydro sources, and feasibility (1977).
Value of Study: $40,000.
Co_pper Valley Electric Association
Prepare project report and application for license to the Federal Power Com-
mission to construct 20,000 kW hydroelectric project and related facilities at
Solomon Gulch, near Valdez. Includes hydrology and geology studies; prelim-
inary design of dams, penstocks, powerhouse and transmission systems; and
environmental report (1974-1976).
Value of project: $20,000,000.
Above project has resulted in related proposal to supplement the hydroelectric
energy with energy derived from the Trans-Alaska Pipeline crude oil through a
pressure reducing turbine in the crude oil line in the drop between Thompson
Pass and the Valdez terminal.
Kodiak Electric Association
Terror Lake 30,000 kW Hydroelectric Project to supply Kodiak Island. Original
report and application for license submitted to Federal Power Commission in
1966. Update and re-evaluation of original report to be completed in 1977-1978.
Value of project: $36,000,000.
General Electric Company
Preliminary engineering and cost estimates for D.C. overhead transmission
lines for Snettisham Hydroelectric Project, Juneau. (1969)
Chugach Electric Association
Design and supervise construction of 15,000 kW Cooper Lake Hydroelectric
Project (as partner with North Pacific Consultants)(l962).
Value of Project: $8,000,000.
ON-SITE ENERGY SYSTEMS
University of Alaska
Design on-site generation system with waste heat recovery. Project includes
two 11 Energy tlodules", each consisting of an 800 kW gas turbine generator,
waste heat boiler, gas fired standby boiler, steam absorption chiller, hot and
chilled water circulation system, switchgear and controls. Project resulted
from an extensive study of the University's energy needs. (1975 -76).
Value of project: $1,500,000.
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ANALYSES
Alaska Power Administration
Review and estimate impact on Alaska Electric systems of the proposed alter-
nate routes for the natural gas transport system from the North Slope of
Alaska to the continental U.S. Report is part of environmental impact state-
ment being prepared by the Bureau of Land Management, Department of Interior,
with the Alaska Power Administration. (1975-76).
Chugach Electric Association
Review impact of forty-two mile transmission line from Point MacKenzie to Reed
Substation around Knik Arm (1974).
Copper Valley Electric Associatio~
Review impact of Solomon Gulch hydroelectric project near Valdez and trans-
mission line from Valdez to Glennallen (1974).
ENGINEERING STUDIES
(The studies below are listed as an example of scope and variety of services
offered.)
Two-Year Work Plan. (Numerous clients)
Long-Range Plan and Economic Forecast. (Numerous clients)
Financial Forecast and Loan Applications. (Numerous clients)
Power Cost Study. (Numerous clients)
Power Supply Study. (Numerous clients)
Rate Study. (Numerous clients)
Sectionalizing Study. (Numerous clients)
Feasibility Study for a Submarine Cable. (Numerous clients)
Feasibility Study for an On-Site Energy System. (Numerous clients)
Comprehensive Cost of Service Study For Forty-seven Villages in Alaska Village
Electrical Cooperative. (Alaska Public Utilities Commission, 1977)
Feasibility of Interconnecting Ten Small Villages Within a Forty Mile Radius
of Bethel. (Alaska Power Administration, 1975)
Feasibility of North Slope Transmission System. (British Petroleum, 1975)
Standby Diesel Power Alternatives.
1975)
(Glacier Highway Electric Association,
Automation Feasibility Study, Generation Plant. (Kotzebue Electric Associa-
tion, 1971)
Waste Heat Capture Study (State of Alaska, Dept. of Commerce and Economic
Development, Division of Energy and Power Development, 1978)
MANUALS
Alaska Public Utilities Commission
Natural Gas Pipeline Safety Inspection Manual
University of Alaska-Anchora~
Prepare and coordinate data collection and cataloging
for an Engineering Data Book.
Sixth Revision -February, 1979
.NAL~
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IECO is ...
. . . one of the leading engineering-design organizations in the United States. Established
in 1945, International Engineering Company, Inc., also known as IECO, functions as an
independent consulting engineering organization, providing a broad range of services
to governmental and private-sector clients throughout the world .
. . . a MORRISON-KNUDSEN COMPANY, a worldwide group of engineering, construction,
and development companies. Among the scores of subsidiaries and affiliated companies
are Morrison-Knudsen International Company, Inc.-worldwide contractors and engi-
neers-and The H. K. Ferguson Company-engineers and builders for industry. The
M-K companies work together, and also independently provide their own specialized
services. They constitute a complete planning-engineering-construction-management
team that has the resources, as well as the experience and capability to design and build
almost any type of project, almost anywhere.
~ INTERNATIONAL ENGINEERING COMPANY, INC. ~ Worldwide Design and Consulting Engineers
~ THE H. K. FERGUSON COMPANY ~ Engineers/Builders f or Industry
~ MORRISON-KNUDSEN INTERNATIONAL COMPANY, INC. ~ Worldwide Contractors and Eng i neers
and other Morrison-Knudsen Companies
ECO has ...
. . . been responsible for some 350 major engineering projects in 50 countries throughout
the world. The project inventory comprises 57 dams; power plants producing over 40,000
MW of electrical energy; 18,400 km of transm ission lines; 10,000 km of irrigation systems
serving 14.5 million hectares of farmland; 27,500 km of highways; 7,700 km of railroads
and railroad el ectrification systems ; 45 major tunnels; material handling systems capable
of moving over 100 million tons per year; marine terminals and port installations for large
bulk carriers; and airports ranging from secondary and regional to major international
facilities. Add to that a host of mines and mineral processing plants, townsites, urban
development programs, and detailed environmental studies, and IECO can be summed up
in a single phrase: world-wide professional engineering.
2
We are ...
. . . some 500 highly trained professionals:
• engineers in the basic disciplines of civil, structural, electrical, mechanical, and mining,
• plus the more specialized fields of hydroelectric power development, high-voltage ac
and de transmission, railroad electrification, marine structures, airport design, geo-
technology, traffic engineering, and quality assurance,
together with agronomists, geologists, hydrogeologists, economists, computer pro-
grammers, and others.
By combining our varied fields of training and experience, we provide consulting and
design services for a broad range of projects .
. . . located
in our San Francisco headquarters; design offices in Boise, Denver, Phoenix, Houston, and
New London; and a score of project and affiliated offices throughout the world.
3
IECO provides a broad range of SERVICES
in any combination up to complete project management
4
Conceptual Development
• Master Planning
• Feasibility Studies
• Cost and Benefit Analyses
• Environmental Studies
Financial Planning
• Computerized Cash Flow Analyses
• Risk and Sensitivity Analyses
• Development of Financing Programs
• Coordination with Financing Institutions
• Preparation of Financing Prospectuses
Field Investigations
• Land Surveys
• Topographic Mapping
• Engineering Geology and Soils Investigations
• Geophysics and Rock Mechanics
These services are provided in any combination de-
sired up to complete project management. By joining
with other M-K companies, a full range of construc-
tion services also can be provided, thus making it
possible to offer a turnkey combination of services
from conceptual development through all phases of
engineering, procurement, and construction to proj-
ect startup. Our desire is to provide each client with
the best combination of services to meet the needs
of his particular project.
• Ground-water Studies
• Slope Stability Analyses
• Site and Route Selection
Engineering
• Preliminary Engineering
• Detail Design
• Specifications
• Cost Estimates
Project Implementation
• Bid Invitation and Evaluation
• Procurement
• Quality Assurance
• Construction Management
• Operation and Maintenance Manuals
• Personnel Training Programs
• Testing and Startup
IECO's engineering is reinforced by a complete
range of support capabilities. Quality assurance ser-
vices are provided on all projects to assure technical
coordination · and code compliance, promote produc-
tion efficiency, and prepare quality documentation.
A broad range of advanced computer programs has
been developed to support design engineering and
project implementation. IECO's computer system
serves both as a facility to utilize these programs and
to prepare data, specifications, reports, and graphics.
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1 for PROJECTS in the fields of
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Water Resources
• Dams, including earthfill, rockfill, concrete
gravity, arch, and buttress
• Irrigation headworks and distri bution systems.
• Drainage systems
• Pipelines and pumping plants
• Agricultural development
Power Generation, Transmission,
and Distribution
• Hydroelectric power plants
• Geothermal plants
• Pumped-storage facilities
• High-voltage and extra-high-voltage ac and de
transmission lines
• Substations and distribution systems
• National and regional power systems
Railroad Design and Electrification
• Line selection and relocation
• Power supply systems
• Electrification
• Signaling and communications
• Terminals, yards, and maintenance facilities
• Bridges, tunnels, and appurtenant structures
Marine Facilities
• Piers, docks, and breakwaters
• Harbors and ports
• Terminals
• Bulk handling facilities
Airports
• Commercial and general aviation airports
• Hangars, terminals, and air cargo facilities
• Runways, taxiways, and lighting systems
• Parking garages and access roads
Highways
• Highways, ranging from roads to freeways
• Bridges, overpasses, and interchanges
• Tunnels and appurtenant structures
• Traffic engineering
Mineral Resources
• Mineral processing facilities
• Util ities and auxiliary structures
• Transportation facilities
• Materials handling installations
• Tailings disposal systems
• Slurry handling systems
Geotechnical Services
• Soils and foundation engineering
• Rock mechanics
• Engineering geology
• Engineering geophysics
• Ground-water geology and hydrology
• Dam safety analyses
Municipal Projects
• Housing and residential development
• Urban planning
• Streets and parking facilities
• Utilities and water systems
• Wastewater treatment facilities
Specialized Services
• Baseline environmental studies
• Environmental analyses
• Financial planning
• Procurement of equipment and materials
• Construction planning
• Project management
5
Project Locations
ABU DHABI
Highways
AFGHANISTAN
Dams
Power Plants
Tunnels
Transmission &. Distribution Systems
Irrigation &. Drainage Systems
Highways &. Bridges
Industrial Facilities
Townsite Developments
Agricultural Development
Flood Control Facilities
ALGERIA
Irrigation &. Drainage Systems
Agricultural Development
AUSTRALIA
Port Developments
Railroads
BANGLADESH
Dams
Power Plants
Navigation Locks
Tunnels
Irrigation & Drainage Systems
Flood Control Projects
Reclamation Projects
Irrigation Pumping Developments
Water and Power Master Plans
Ground Water Developments
Water Transfer Facilities
Transmission & Distribution Systems
Fish Culture
BOLIVIA
Irrigation & Drainage Systems
Power Systems
BRAZIL
Dams
Power Plants
Irrigation &. Drainage Systems
Port Facilities
Tunnels
Railroads
Mining Operations
Industrial Facilities
Thermal Plants
Transmission &. Distribution Systems
Tailings Disposal Facilities
Hi~hways
Locomotive Repair Facilities
CANADA
Dams
Power Plants
Transmission Lines
Tunnels
Railroads
CHILE
Highways &. Bridges
Tunnels
Tailings Disposal Facilities
Dams
CHINA
Harbors
Highways
Railroads
Bridges
6
COSTA RICA
Dams
Power Plants
ECUADOR
Hydroelectric Development
Transmission Systems
Airports
EGYPT
Industrial
EL SALVADOR
Highways
ENGLAND-FRANCE
Underwater Tunnels
ETHIOPIA
Highways
FRANCE
Tailings Disposal Facilities
GUATEMALA
Dams
Power Plants
Port & Harbor Facilities
Townsite Developments
GUYANA
Highways
HAITI
Irrigation &. Drainage Systems
HONDURAS
Irrigation & Drainage Systems
Dams
Power Plants
INDIA
Dams
Power Plants
Tunnels
Navigation Locks
INDON1!SIA
Industrial Plants
Marine Facilities
Water Supply Systems
Agricultural Developments
IRAN
Irrigation & Drainage Systems
Basin Developments
Highways & Bridges
ITALY
Dams
•
IVORY COAST
Railroads
LEBANON
Airports
MAURITIUS
Rural Development Training
MEXICO
Power Plants
Water Supply Systems
Irrigation Pipelines
NICARAGUA
Hydropower Studies
Sewage Facilities
Malecons
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PANAMA
Hydroelectric Developments
Irrigation & Drainage Systems
Ground-Water Developments
Cadastral Surveys
PARAGUAY
Dams
Power Plants
PERU
Dams
Tunnels
Irrigation & Drainage Systems
Water Supply Systems
Basin Developments
Ground Water Developments
Tailings Disposal Facilities
PHILIPPINES
Fisheries
Power Systems
PORTUGAL
Highways & Viaducts
SANTO DOMINGO
Computer Studies
SAUDI ARABIA
SINGAPORE
Airports
SOUTH AFRICA
Railroad Electrification
SOUTH KOREA
Dams
Power Plants
Transmission Lines
Basin Surveys
Irrigation & Drainage Systems
Railroads
SPAIN
Tailings Disposal Facilities
Flood Control Facilities
SRI LANKA
Dams & Power Plants
Flood Control Facilities
Reclamation Developments
SUDAN
Power Systems
SWITZERLAND
Dams
TAIWAN
Highways
Water Supply
Dams & Power Plants
THAILAND
Highways
TUNISIA
Dams
Irrigation & Drainage Systems
Water Supply & Treatment Facilities
Ground Water Developments
TURKEY
Dams
Power Plants
Transmission Lines
Tunnels
Irrigation & Drainage Systems
Basin Developments
Ground Water Developments
UNITED STATES
Dams
Power Plants
Tunnels
Pumping Plants
Railroads
Railroad Electrification
Streets & Highways
Airport Facilities
Marine Facilities
Water Resources Developments
Water Supply Systems
Sewage & Solid Waste Facilities
Irrigation & Drainage Systems
Underground Storage Tanks
Transmission & Distribution Systems
Tailings Disposal Facilities
Geothermal Developments
Diesel Locomotive Repair Facilities
Metropolitan Transportation
Facilities
Parking Facilities
Bridges
Recreational Developments
Land Development
VENEZUELA
Vehicular Tunnels
Expressways
ZAIRE
Transmission & Distribution Systems
Bridges
Buildings
Sanitary Facilities
7
Water Resources
For three decades, IECO has been a leader in the
planning and design of water resources projects
tor power generation; irrigation, drainage, and
flood control; water storage; and other uses.
These projects have been the cornerstone tor
agricultural, industrial, urban, and general
economic development in many areas of the world.
Application of the latest engineering concepts
and designs for dams of all types-earthfill, rock-
fill, concrete gravity, arch, and buttress-is a
tradition with IECO. Many of these dams have been
designed for multiple purposes, while others have
one paramount purpose such as the generation of
hydroelectric power. Multipurpose projects
include the Yuba River Development in California
which comprises three concrete dams, 16 km of
tunnels, and two power plants to provide hydro-
electric power, flood control , and water for
irrigation and recreation. The principal feature is
the 197-meter-high New Bullards Bar Dam, one
of the highest double-curvature arch dams in the
United States, and winner of the 1970 Grand
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Principal feature of the Yuba River Development in
California Is the 197-meter-high New Bullards Bar Dam.
The 140-meter-long diversion dam for the Abadla
Irrigation Project in Algeria provides irrigation water
for agricultural crops on the fringes of the Sahara Desert.
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Conceptor Award of the Consulting Engineers
Council of the United States.
Entire river basins also have been studied and
developed for multipurpose water utilization.
Not long after it was founded, IECO began studies
of soil and water resources in the Helmand River
Basin, an arid region in southern Afghanistan.
These studies led to the design of the Boghra
Diversion Dam to regulate river flow into a 288-km-
long canal system, and then to the design of the
rock-earthfill Arghandab Dam. The key project in
the program was the Kajakai Dam, a 98-meter-high
rockfill dam with an ultimate storage capacity of
2.7 billion cubic meters of water for irrigation and
AT LEFT -Second largest pumping
plant on the California Aqueduct is
the 315,000-hp, nine-unit Wind Gap
Pumping Plant.
BELOW-Taming the Helmand River
for agricultural purposes and power-
production in Afghanistan is the
98-meter-high Kajakai Dam and its
new three-unit 50-MW powerhouse
and transmission system.
hydroelectric power generation. Other projects
designed over the years included diversion dams
and canal systems that have increased the total
land area for irrigated agriculture to more than
500,000 hectares.
On the fringe of the Sahara Desert in southwest-
ern Algeria, the IECO-designed Abadla Irrigation
Project provides water to previously barren lands.
The project encompasses a concrete diversion
dam, 180 km of irrigation canals and pipelines, 110
km of drainage canals, and some 4,000 structures
that include regulators, gates, and siphons. In
addition to complete engineering design, soil
conditions were investigated, drainage and crop
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The 215-meter-long concrete spillway for the Karnafuli
Dam in Bangladesh has 16 steel gates to permit the
passage of up to 17,000 ems of water. Other aspects
of the project are a 120 MW-powerhouse and a
1,500-km power distribution network.
capabilities were studied, and farmers were trained
in appropriate agricultural techniques.
A master plan was prepared for virtually the
entire delta area of Bangladesh. Involving some 10
million hectares, the master plan identified
irrigation, drainage, flood control, and power
projects, and provided cost estimates and
development priorities. Later a comprehensive
irrigation, drainage, and flood control plan for
southeastern Bangladesh was prepared. Feasibility
studies and preliminary designs were completed
for three high-priority projects that will provide
dry-season irrigation water for 90,400 hectares,
improve drainage, and control flooding. The largest
of these projects-the Muhuri Irrigation Project-
includes a sea dike with a large regulator across
the estuary of the Feni River to eliminate salt water
intrusion and store river water for irrigation.
In Indonesia, technical advisory services are
being provided for a nationwide irrigation,
reclamation, and land development program
designed to increase rice production by more than
50%. The project involves some 160,000 hectares
on the major islands of the country. For the project,
IECO is providing a team of agricultural specialists
and engineers.
Providing water to meet the growing needs of
populated areas in the western United States has
been the objective of numerous engineering
projects. One such project will augment supplies
for several Colorado cities by transporting water
from the western to the eastern slopes of the Rocky
Mountains. Comprising a diversion dam, a
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27,700-hp pumping plant and a 12-km long
pipeline, the Windy Gap Project will divert some
72 million cubic meters of spring and early summer
runoff from the Colorado River into an existing
water system for transfer through the mountains.
Another water transfer system in the western
United States is the California Water Project which
conveys surplus water from northern California,
where most of the rainfall occurs, to southern
California, a distance of some 1,100 km. For the
project, IECO provided detailed design of the
315,000-hp, nine-unit Wind Gap pumping plant,
which has a maximum capacity of 125 ems at 158
meter head.
The utilization of the heat from hot geothermal
well water for a Total Energy Recovery System for
Agribusiness was the objective of a study for the
Federal Energy Research and Development
Administration.
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Water Resources Projects
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I Area Estimated
Served Cost Purposes•
LOCATION AND PROJECT (Hectares) ($Million)
I AFGHANISTAN
Arghandab Basin (2 Projects) 80,000 27.1 I,D
Boghra 14,000 18.0 I,P
Chakhansur Basin 284,000 18.3 I,FC,P
Darweshan 18,000 N/A I,D
Kajakai Dam Gates 61,000 4.6 I, FC, P
I Marja and Shamalan 30,000 N/A I,D
Sera) 20,000 N/A I,D
Tarnak 26,000 N/A I
Upper Helmand Valley 46,000 45.0 I
ALGERIA
Abadla 10,000 41.0 I,FC,WS
Setlf 22,000 144.0 I
BANGLADESH
Brahmaputra Flood Embankment 240,000 9.3 D. FC
Coastal Embankment 1,336,000 143.2 D,FC, LR
Dacca-Narayanganj-Demra 8 ,300 3.2 I,D,FC
Halda 41,000 38.0 I,D,FC
lchamati 8,000 10.0 I,D, FC
Khulna 465,000 N/A I,D
Little Feni-Noakhali-Regulator 129,000 3.8 D,FC,LR
Master Plan-National 8,800,000 2,069.9 I,D,FC,P
Meghna-Muhuri Water Transfer 486,000 206.0 FC
Muhuri 48,000 45.0 I,D,FC
Northwestern Districts 186,000 N/A I,D
Sangu 50,000 N/A I,D
Southern Rajshahi 67,000 NIA I,D,FC
BOLIVIA
Mairana 3,200 2.4 I,D
GUATEMALA
Xaya-Pixcaya N/A 15.0 WS
HAm
Artibonite 12,000 4.3 I,FC
HONDURAS
Choluteca 16,000 32.8 I,P
INDONESIA
Sederhana 160,000 20.0 I, LR
PERU
Chira-Piura 120,000 52.7 I
Chira Valley 41,000 54.2 I
lcaValley 56,000 170.4 I,D
Linda Chara (Peru & Ecuador) 31,000 74.0 I, p
Pisco Valley 32,000 143.7 I, D, FC, P
PiuraValley 44,000 61.0 I,D, FC
San Lorenzo Draina~ 8.500 1.6 D
San Lorenzo-Rio Ouoroz 45,000 23.5 I
TUNISIA
I El Haouaria 1,500 2.5 I,D
Oued Nebaana 5,700 38.0 I
Upper Medjerda Basin (3 Projects) 5,500 38.0 I,D
TURKEY
Amik Lake 122,000 84.3 FC
I Devall Basin (2 Projects) 64,000 45.2 I, D, P
Kon~a-Cumra Basin 205,000 247.0 I,P
Cey an Basin (28 Projects) 401 ,000 285.6 I, FC, P
Sakarya Basin 26,000 N/A I,D
Seyhan Basin (8 Projects) 156,000 348.9 I, p
UNITED STATES
I California
Yuba Basin 63,000 143.0 I, FC, P
Wind Gap Pumping Plant N/A 28.0 WS
Colorado
Windy Gap N/A 25.0 ws
I Nevada
Duck Valley 10,000 5.0 I, 0, LA
"' -Irrigation LR -Land Reclamation
D -{)rainage WS -Water Supply
I FC-Fiood ontrol P -Power
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Electrical Power Generation ...
Transmission ... and Distribution
IECO continues to build upon its many years of
experience in electrical power generation, trans-
mission, and distribution. Current and recent
work includes the world's largest hydroelectric
project and the longest extra-high-voltage direct-
current transmission system.
Pioneering in the development of new engineer-
ing concepts and designs for power generation and
transmission projects is a tradition with IECO. In
British Columbia, Canada, the Nechako-Kitimat
Project reversed the flow of a river and delivered
water to the Kemano Power Plant, the largest
underground hydroelectric station at the time of its
construction. Located in a 216-meter long,
36-meter high excavation, the power plant has an
installed capacity of 896 MW from eight gen-
erators. Other major aspects of the project were
the earth-rockfill Kenney Dam, two 16-km water
tunnels, and a 287-kV transmission line over
rugged terrain.
For the Yuba River Development in California,
the New Colgate Power Plant incorporated a num-
ber of unique features, including the world's largest
impulse turbines ... each having a 5.4-meter
diameter runner and a capacity of 225,000
horsepower.
For many years, IECO has played a major role in
the development of the hydroelectric potential of
the Rio Grande Basin, one of the principal sources
of power for the major urban centers of Brazil. The
work has included four hydro projects with a com-
bined capacity of more than 2,500 MW. Largest of
these is Furnas, a rockfill dam with an eight-unit
powerhouse capable of producing 1,200 MW.
Because of the magnitude of its capacity and its
central location, the Furnas Project was the focal
point for interconnecting isolated power systems
in this region. This entailed some 2,600 km of 345-
kV transmission lines, nine new substations, and
the expansion of several existing substations.
Engineering services also were provided for new
and expanded electrical distribution systems in
four of the country's largest cities.
Design has commenced on the world's largest
hydroelectric power development, the $5 billion
ltaipu Project on the Parana River between Brazil
and Paraguay. Its Francis turbines will turn 18
generators, each producing 700 MW for a total
output of 12,600 MW, which is equivalent to the
total generating capabilities of both Brazil and
Paraguay (at the outset of the project). ltaipu will
encompass a concrete hollow-gravity dam, 176
meters high and 2.25 km long, together with rock-
fill wing dams, 4.28 km in length, and a spillway
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The eight unit, 896-MW Kemano Power plant in British
Columbia, Canada, was the largest underground hydro station
at the time of its construction .
capable of discharging water at a rate of 58,000
ems.
Among other projects is South America's highest
concrete arch dam, the 170-meter-high Amaluza
Dam on the Paute River in Ecuador. The Paute
Project will comprise three dams and three power-
houses, with a combined potential of 1,260 MW.
Other aspects of the work include some 850 km
of 138 and 230 kVtransmission lines, six sub-
stations, and an overall communication system.
As the demand for electrical power grows,
hydroelectric plants are being modernized and
expanded, and new power plants added to dams
basically intended for irrigation and flood control.
An example is the Pine Flat Dam on the Kings
River in California, where a powerhouse com-
prising three 55-MW generators is to be added.
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Sl ching 1,700 km across central Africa, the lnga-Shaba
E -High-Voltage, Direct-Current Transmission System in
Z e includes advanced thyristor conversion and inversion
stations: At lnga to transform from alternating to direct
c'nt, and at the Shaba terminus to change back to
a/ nating current.
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The expansion of the Brownlee
Powerhouse in Idaho requires
the addition of one 225-MW
generating unit to the existing
four 90-MW units.
One of the three proposed low-head power plants at
Idaho Falls that will utilize bulb turbine technology.
In Idaho, the powerhouse of the Brownlee Dam,
originally designed for four 90-MW generators with
provisions for two additional generators of like
capacity, is being expanded by the installation of
one 225-MW generator of the latest design.
Changing economics of power production have
aroused interest in the generation of power at"
existing low-head dams and dam sites through
the utilization of contemporary turbine technology ..
At Idaho Falls, feasibility studies have been com-
pleted for the installation of three 7.2-MW bulb
turbine/ generators that will replace six old
vertical-shaft Kaplan turbines.
In many instances, hydro power development
sites are some distance from the center of power
consumption. Such is the case in Zaire, where the
world's longest extra-high-voltage, direct-current
transmission system has been designed to transmit
power from the lnga hydro power development
on the lower Zaire (formerly Congo) River to
copper producing plants in Shaba, some 1700 km
distant. Highly advanced in design, the lnga-Shaba
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system's double mono-polar lines will operate at
-+-500 kV and transmit 520 MW in the first stage
and 1,120 MW in the final stage.
National and regional engineering and economic
studies are being undertaken to determine the op-
timum means of producing vitally needed electrical
power in many areas of the world. An example is a
comprehensive plan for the long-term development
of the electrcal power system for Luzon, the larg-
est island of the Philippines. Geothermal, hydro-
electric, pumped storage, nuclear, fossil fuel, and
other systems were examined, and an optimum
plan developed for power generation and transmis-
sion that would integrate the several existing sys-
tems on the island. Another study was completed
for Nicaragua: identifying power resources
throughout the country, evaluating their develop-
ment from a technical and economic as well as an
environmental basis, and recommending an overall
power development program. Consideration was
given to the hydroelectric development of several
rivers, a pumped storage site near the capital,
and electrical interties with neighboring countries.
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ABOVE-This 500-kV, 170 km line
will provide power to Rio de Janeiro .
AT LEFT -The 12,600-MW ltaipu
Hydroelectric Project on the Parana
River between Brazil and Paraguay
will produce as much power as the
total output of both countries at the
outset of the project.
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Dams & Hydro Projects
Transmission and Distribution Systems
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LOCATION AND PROJECT
TRANSMISSION
AFGHANISTAN
Helmand Basin
Kaja_k _ai ___ ~.
BANGLADESH
Provincial Network
BRAZIL
Boa Esperance System
Central
Furnas System
Furnas System Expansion
Parana Power SysleiTI
Weatem Parana Power System
CANADA
Kemano-Kitlmat
Newfoundland .~L;::ab:.:r=ad:.:Oo:.'--
ECUADOR
Paule
PANAMA
Bayano
TUNISIA
Oued Nebaana
TURKEY
Sati)'8t' -----
ZAIRE
tng&-Shabo
UNITED STATES
Arizona. Big Riwer
C&tllomia, Oroviii&-TIIeflh8ilto Bus Lilla
DISTRIBUTION
AFGHANISTAN
BANGLADESH
BRAZIL
Belo Hortzonte. Curtllba. Porto Alegre,
Rio de Janetro & Saq Paulo
GUATEMALA
Santo Tomas
UNITED STATES
Atizona, Big RiYil
California. McC1allan Air Force 8aee
HawaY. Prl~vllle Reeort
AFGHANISTAN
Helmand Basin
SUBSTAnONS
_ Laallkargah Kandahar
BANGLADESH
Karnalull
Provincial NeiWOI'k
BRAZIL
Boa Eeperanca
Central
FumiiS System
llullnga
___ P_•_~_n_a_S)'st __ e~m _____ _
CANADA
__ _:K.::ema=n:.::o ·--------
ECUADOR
Paule
PANAMA
Beyano
SRI LANKA
Gal O)'a & Wala:.. ___ G:_a_n.::ga:.:._ __ ~-
ZAIRE
tnga-Shaba
UNITED STATES
Arizona, Big Rtv.,
Calilomia, Big Creek
Tri-O am
W!odGap
Yuba
Idaho, Snake River
Voltage (kV)
44
t15
132
69 to 230
138 to 230
345
345
66 to 220
33 to 132
287
±600 de
138
230
161
l!O
161
±500 de
69
230
Voltage, (kV)
44
115
154
66-132 __ _
69-230
138-230
345
138
66-132-220
287
138
230
161
46
230 ac
±500 de
69
230
115
230
6()-230
230
-
Length (km)
40
200
t•30
1.380
240
1,900
740
1,770
1,800
77
1 740
870
700
94
31
435
1700
42
35
Number
5
2
l
4-S
4-4
f-3
8
1
4-3-4
8
8
2
2
4
3
1
3
1
t.-1
2
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Transportation
Whatever the mode of
transportation, IE CO has the
worldwide experience and
capability to Study, Plan,
Design, and Manage projects
for all types of facilities.
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RAILROAD PROJECTS BASIC IECO SERVICES LENGTH ESTIMATED I
Fe as. Study I PROJECT
LOCATION Reconn. Constr. COST Study/ Preliminary Final Super-
Planning Design Design vision (kilometers) ($million) I AUSTRALIA
Cooke Point Terminal Facilltlea • • N/A 12
BRAZIL
Aguas Claras • • • 18 4.2 I Pico-Congonhas • : 47 12
Aguas Claras-lblrlte • 23 5.5
Fabrlca-Congonhas • : • • 15 2
Vilo ria Port Te rminal • • 40 N/A
Fabrlca-Aiegria • • 95 18
Jangada Spur Llna • : • 11 2.8 I Tubarao Port Tarmlnal and Connection Line • • • 15 5.8
EFVM Electrification • • 550 180
Locomotive Repair Shop Complex • • N/A 10
Teresa Cristina Electrification • • 150 40
National Electrification Voltage Study • N/A N/A
Rolling Stock Maintenance Study • • N/A N/A I CANADA
Elk River • • 73 20
ENGLAND-FRANCE
Channel Tunnel • • 51 235 I IVORY COAST
Iron Ore Haul Railroad • 375 57
SAUDI ARABIA
Riyadh-Jeddah • • 1,600 135 I SOUTH AFRI CA
Sishen-Saidanha Railroad Electrification • • • 860 50
SOUTH KOREA
Railroad Survey • 160 18 I ZAIRE
Matadi Bridge • • N/A N/A
UNITED STATES
Arizona I Black Mesa & Lake Powell • • • • 125 50
SAP Coronado Station R.R . • • 80 30
California
Norden Tunnel Ventilation • • 2 0.2
Western Pacific Re location : • 45 20
Eel River Bridges Rehabilitation • • • N/A 4
Eel River Line Relocation • : 140 140 I Metro Railway Shop and Terminal • • N/A 15
Port of Oakland • N/A 0.5
Colorado
Fountain Craek Bridge • • • N/A 0.2
Chacra-Gienwood Relocation • • • 13 1.4
DOT Test Track Electrification • • 30 N/A I W.R. Grace Railway • • • 35 18
Idaho • • Huntington Bridge & Relocation • N/A 2
Ballard Mine • • • 8 N/A
Idaho-Washington • Camas Prairie Relocation 21 14 I I ndiana
Tunnel Enlargement • • • 1.5 3
Kansas to California • • Railroad Electrification 2,700 200
Montana
Libby Una Change • • 143 60
Nebraska I Diesel Locomotive Repair Facilities • • N/A 11
New Mexico
Con-Paso Railroad • • 176 83
Oregon
John Day Relocation • • 4
Tennessee I Tunnel Enlargement • • • 3
Utah
Great Salt Lake Crossing • • • • 20 45
D&RGW Tunnel • • 2 6
Washington • Cascade Tunnel Ventilation • • • 13 0.4
Rocky Reach Line Change • • 71 10 I Wyoming • 18 Crow Lease Spur • 29
TOTAL over owr
7,730 Km . $1,500 million
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Railroad Design and Electrification
IECO's railroad design capabilities are based
on experience that is older than the organization
itseff. Building upon M-K's many years of railroad
work throughout the world, IE CO has developed
broad and specialized design capabilities
in such fields as railroad electrification, signaling,
and communications. Professional staff members
experienced in all phases of railroad design,
operation, and economics provide services for
projects that include traffic studies, new trackage,
relocation, electrification, power supply systems,
tractive power systems, signaling and com-
munications, terminals and yards, shop facilities,
bridges, tunnels, and appurtenant structures.
Completely new railroad systems have been
designed, some of them to provide specialized
bulk-handling service for new mines or power gen-
erating facilities. Among them is a 300-km railroad
for moving some 10 million tons of coal per year to
a power plant site in the central Rocky Mountain
area. At a number of other locations in the western
United States, railroad branch lines are being de-
signed to provide service to new coal mining
operations.
In this same region, railroad relocation projects
have involved several hundred kilometers of track
together with bridges, tunnels, and other structures.
The relocation of only 13-km of mainline track in
Colorado required the design of a 154-meter-long
plate girder bridge, two smaller steel-and-concrete
bridges, and a prestressed concrete overpass.
IECO's experience in railroad electrification and
in electrical power systems is extensive. Among re-
cent projects is the design of the first 50-kV electri-
fied railroad, twice the voltage of any previous
traction system. A completely new railroad, the
Black Mesa & Lake Powell, was designed to deliver
30,000 tons of coal per day to a new power plant at
Page, Arizona. It incorporates many unique fea-
The world's longest 50-kV electrified
railroad, the 860-km iron-ore railroad
of the South African Iron and Steel
Industrial Corp., Ltd.-ISCOR.
tures, including new concepts in catenary design.
Traction power is supplied by a single substation
located at one end of the 125-km line.
Engineering is being provided to other railroads
for the introduction of modern high-voltage alternat-
ing-current electrification. A 50-kV system is being
designed for an 860-km line that will link iron
mines with a deep-water port at Saldanha Bay on
South Africa's west coast. In Brazil, a study has
been completed for electrification of a 540-km
Ore trains cross this 1.8-km access bridge to reach one of Brazil's newest iron-ore ports, Sepetiba Bay.
19
Railroads cvminued
At North Platte, Nebraska, Union Paci fic's eleven-track
running-repair facility for diesel locomotives.
double-track railroad that is being upgraded to
handle 100 million tons of iron ore per year. Else-
where i n Brazil, a study has been conducted for a
coal-haul railroad that will serve as a pilot project
for the country's National Railway Network. Electri-
fication studies also have been undertaken for sev-
eral major railroads in the United States.
Other railroad projects include maintenance and
repair shops, car loading and unloading stations,
terminals, yards, and appurtenant structures of all
types. An eleven-track facility capable of repairing
400 diesel locomotives per month and servicing
another 300 per day was designed for Union Pacific
Railroad . Comparable repair and maintenance
facilities have been designed in a number of over-
seas countries. Railroad car loading and unloading
and terminal facilities have been designed for
major iron-ore ports in Brazil. Engineering also has
been provided for urban transit systems such as
the San Francisco Municipal Railway , where a
1 00,000-square meter maintenance, storage, and
terminal facility has been designed for a new fleet
of rail vehicles.
MARINE PROJECTS
Location
Au .. ralla
PortHedland
Bangladeah
Brazil
Poi .,IUbu
Rio de Janeiro
=~Bay
Viloria
EOJPI
Alexandria
Project
Cooke Point Iron Ore Port
Dredger Management Contract
~~~e~~~ng;~a~!,~~~dl~na~i~~i~ities and Port
Duas lrmas Port and Bra-Handling Facilities
Port and Ore-Hand ling Facilities
Port and Ore-Handling Fac ilities
Bulk Handling Facilities and Port
Estimated Cost
($Million)
12.0
3.0
200.0
8.0
26.0
40.0
35.0
NJA ----------------------------------------------------------
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Guatemala
Santo Tomas Harbor, Port and Community ----------------------------India
Hlrakud
Rihand River
lndonMia
Gf81ik
PalembMg
Nicaragua
Managua
Navi gation Locks
Traffic Transfer Fa cilities
Port and Fueling Facilities
Urea Plant Port
Waterfront Improvements
5 .0
80.0
0.165
18.0
38.0
11 .0
--------------------~-------------------United State•
Califomla
. Oakland
San Francisco
San Francleco
Oregon
Portland
Port Ore-Handling Facilities
Bay Area Development
LASH Facilities
Ash Grove Barge Unloading Facilities
---------------~-------------------
.2..4 NIA
1.3
0.2
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Marine Facilities
Expanding seaborne trade, coupled with the
development of larger and different types of
vessels, has created a need for new and enlarged
marine facilities. IECO, active in engineering ma-
rine facilities throughout its history, has responded
to this growing demand with advanced designs for
ports and harbors, shoreside facilities and deep-
water terminals, bulk handling systems, and other
installations.
Marine facilities, coupled with railroad terminal
and materials-handling installations, have been
designed for many of the world's leading exporters
of ores and mineral products. At Port Hedland in
western Australia, a deep-water port and railroad
terminal were designed for Mount Newman Iron
Ore Company to provide for the export of 10 million
tons of iron ore per year. Another marine project
is a 6-million-ton-per-year shipping terminal at
Rio de Janeiro; it comprises separate ore and coal
handling facilities, together with railroad-car load-
ing and unloading installations.
For Brazil's growing exports of iron ore, engineer-
ing services have been provided for a number of
port installations. Among them is a deepwater port
in Sepetiba Bay on an island that has been con-
nected to the mainland by a 1.8-km railroad bridge.
With an initial shipping capacity of 10 million tons
of ore per year in vessels up to 300,000 dwt, it
comprises railroad-car unloading, stockpile,
reclaim, and shiploading facilities. A detailed
engineering study for the expansion of the port of
Vitoria to 20 million tons of ore per year led to an
investigation of an alternative site at Tubarao,
AT RIGHT-Port facilities being constructed for the Samarco
project In Brazil will have an initial capability of handling
7 million tons of iron concentrate and pellets.
BELOW-At the LASH (lighter-aboard-ship) terminal in
San Francisco, these 30-ton cranes can be used to load
containers aboard LASH vessels and container ships.
which has become one of the world's largest iron
ore ports. Initial work included a breakwater and
two finger piers, as well as railroad terminal facili-
ties, ore and also coal handling installations, a
powerhouse, and substations. Plans were devel-
oped for expanding Tubarao's capability to handle
greater tonnages and also produce iron ore pellets
for export. A recent port project is that at Point Ubu
for handling iron ore concentrate and pellets of the
Samarco project at an initial rate of 7 million tons
per year. The installation, which comprises an
845-meter-long causeway, breakwater, and steel
pier, is designed to accomodate 150,000 dwt
vessels iritially and up to 250,000-ton ships at a
later phase.
On the receiving end of the worldwide seaborne
ore trade, new and expanded marine facilities are
being designed. Among them is an installation to
receive raw material and ship the product of a large
iron-ore reduction, or sponge iron, plant being
planned for Alexandria, Egypt. It would consist of
a causeway, trestle, and a pier capable of berthing
ore carriers up to 160,000 dwt.
Other engineering projects have included port
facilities for Indonesia's leading cement producer
and for a major fertilizer plant, mixed cargo ports
in Guatemala and elsewhere, and LASH (lighter-
aboard-ship) and container port facilities for San
Francisco.
21
.Airports
Based on more than 25 years of project experience,
IECO is planning and designing airports to meet
present and future needs through a full range of
services in engineering as well as economics,
including air transport economic studies, plans
and forecasts, and air route market studies.
Recent and current projects in the western
United States have ranged in size and complexity
from municipal airport master planning and de-
signing related support facilities to regional airport
stUdies , site selection, and statewide airport
systems plans. International projects have included
preliminary design and engineering studies for the
international airport at Beirut, Lebanon ; airport
terminal design concept for Santiago, Chile; and
airports in Ecuador and Singapore.
In recent years, the development of major
petroleum reserves in Ecuador and the consequent
economic growth have placed heavy demands
upon existing airport facilities. Since the expansion
of the country's two international airports, one at
the port city of Guayaquil and the other at the 2,700-
meter-high capital city of Quito, is restricted by
geography and urban encroachment, the govern-
ment has authorized the preparation of an airport
development program that includes existing , as well
as new, sites. When carried out, the plan will pro-
vide the two cities with domestic and international
22
ABOVE-Airport runways continue to be extended
to handle larger aircraft and greater volumes of ·
traffic at international airports and smaller
municipal airports throughout the West.
AT RIGHT-Planning and design services have
been provided for expansion of Boise Municipal
Airport in 33 contracts since 1948.
AT RIGHT-sky Harbor International Airporl
Phoenix, Arizona, where /EGO Is providing
engineering services for runway and taxijw
extensions and access road relocations, study
the feasibility of relocating a taxiwa
accommodate larger aircraft, and preparing
environmental impact statement for the relocation
of a residential area bordering these facilitll
air transport services for the balance of the century.
In order to permit Singapore International Air-
port to keep pace with growing air travel and
accomodate new wide-bodied aircraft, a group of
companies, with IECO as the engineering subcon-
tractor, was retained for an expansion and modern-
ization program. Included was a new hangar with
a clear span of 136 by 113 meters and a contiguous
six-story administration building.
In the United States, planning and design ser-
vices have been provided for several expansions
of the Boise Air Terminal in 33 contracts since
1948. Engineering, as well as an environmental
impact assessment, has been p rov i ded f or an
expansion of the Sky Harbor International Airport
in Phoenix. In addition, a long-range study was
completed for an intercontinental-type regional
airport and multimodal transportation corridor
between Phoenix and Tucson. As a result of the
study, an area of 200 sq km was set aside for the
future airport. In another study, a state airport
system plan was developed for Arizona. Through-
out California and in other western states, plann i ng
and design services have been provided for new
and expanded municipal, county, and regional air-
ports. Also, preliminary designs and plans have
been made for V/STOL (vertical/short take-off and
landing) facilities at central locations in Los An-
geles and San Francisco.
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AIRPORT PROJECTS
Location Airport Project Esti mated Cost
($Million)
Cfllte
Santiago Pudahuel International Terminal Design Competition 20.0
Ecuador
Quito/Guayaquil Mariscal Sucre/Simon Bolivar Site Selection and Master Plan 500.0
Lebanon
Beirut Bei rut International Preliminary Airport Design NIA
Sino a .,ore Paya Lebar International Facility Design and Engineering 25.0
Unhecf States
Arizona
Bagdad Bagdad Munici pal Environmental Assessment and Design 1.0
Coolidge Coolidge Munici pal Master Plan N/A
Phoenix Sky Harbor International Runway E xtension and Facilities 3.7
Phoenix Sky Harbor International Environmental Impact Statement NJA
Phoenix/ International Jetport Study Site Selection and Land Bank Study NIA Tucson Area
Queen Creek Queen Creek Special Air Cargo Faci lity 0.8
State Statewide Plan Airport Systems Plan NIA
California
Hollister Hollister Municipal Special Air Cargo Facility 3.6
Los Angeles Metroport DesiQn Concept N/A
Modesto Modesto Airport Facility Design 0.2
Oceano Oceano County Master Plan 0.2
Paso Robles Paso Robles County Master Plan , Design and 3.5
Construction Supervisi on
I Sacramento McClellan AFB Facility Design and Engineering 2.0
Salinas Salinas Munici pal Facility Design 0.3
San Francisco Pier 42 Omniport Design Concept 50.0
San Luis Obispo San Luis Obispo County Master Plan 0.9
Idaho
Boise Boise Air Termi nal Master Plan , Design and 6.5
Constr uction Supervision
(33 contracts)
Lewiston Lewiston-Nez Perce County Master Pian and Design 1.8
Southern Region Regional Site Se lection Airport Site Selec1ion Study NJA
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23
Highways
IECO's experience in highway and highway-related
projects is extensive and broad, ranging from
urban streets to divided multi-lane freeways,
and including bridges, overpasses, interchanges,
tunnels, and related structures. Planning, traffic
studies, route locations, economic studies, and
environmental impact reports, as well as a full
range of engineering services are provided.
In Colorado, engineering work, largely in
difficult mountainous terrain, comprises some
230 km of highways, 60 bridges, and countless
appurtenant structures. Many of these projects are
for the Colorado Department of Highways, to which
the Denver Area Office has been under contract
continuously for over 15 years. Among the more
significant recent projects is a 30-km segment of
four-lane divided highway over the 3,000-meter-
high Vail Pass. In order to protect the fragile alpine
terrain and facilitate construction during short
seasons, this spectacular route required the design
of precast, post-tensioned segmental concrete
box-girder bridges with precast concrete piers.
Another feature is the first use of the multi-tiered
precast concrete panel-and-tie-back retaining wall
system developed by the Denver Area Office. To
the west of Vail Pass, design was completed on two
segments of interstate highway along the Colorado
Across the Snake River in Idaho, the Walters Ferry
Bridge, a 209 -meter-long prestressed concrete and
steel girder structure with 20.7-meter spans.
24
A 34-km segment of interstate
hi ghway along the Colorado River
In the vicinity of Glenwood
Springs includes two river
crossings , 11 grade separation
structures, seven Interchanges,
a 300-meter long twin-bore
tunnel, and related structures.
The interstate highway near Yuma, Arizona, comprises 9 km
of divided roadway through Telegraph Pass.
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River in the vicinity of Glenwood Springs. Other
work in the state includes several projects in the
Denver area: a key express highway interchange
combined with a railroad overpass, an urban seg-
ment of interstate highway, and a highway reloca-
tion project that included a river crossing, an
interchange, and appurtenant structures.
In Arizona, highway engineering projects include
arterial roads and city streets in Yuma and Phoe-
nix; city parking facilities; a transportation plan for
Flagstaff; new and relocated state highways ; ex-
tensions of three interstate highways, including
9 km through rugged Telegraph Pass near Yuma ;
and a study of road needs throughout the vast
Navajo Indian Reservation in northern Arizona and
parts of Utah and New Mexico.
Considerable design work also has been done in
Idaho for primary, secondary, and interstate high-
ways, including 1-90 through Spokane, Washington,
and across northern Idaho. One segment will
comprise an elevated four-lane divided highway
structure that will thread its way through Wallace,
passing over a river and two railroads.
Overseas, design work has included the viaduct,
approach highway, and related structures for the
bridge across the Tagus River in Lisbon ; and high-
ways, bridges, tunnels, and appurtenant structures
in Afghanistan, Brazil, Chile, Ethiopia, Thailand,
Venezuela, and Zaire. Recent IECO projects have
included participation in the design of the 375-km
North-South Freeway in Taiwan, engineering for a
four-lane divided highway in El Salvador to link
the capital city with an international airport, and
In Usbon, Portugal, design was
completed for the viaduct, approach
highway, and appurtenant structures
for the Tagus River Bridge.
A "highway in harmony with its environment," is how a leading
engineering magazine referred to Interstate Highway 70 over
Vail Pass in Colorado. BELOW-the Bighorn Bridge, one of
eight precast, segmental, post-tensioned, concrete box
girder bridges totalling 1,650 meters in length that were
recipients of the 1977 Award of Excellence of the American
Concrete Institute, Rocky Mountain Chapter.
The Vail Pass highway featured the first use of the recently
developed multi-tiered, precast concrete panel-and-tie-back
retaining wall system.
designing segments of a six-lane divided highway
that will join Iran's capital city of Tehran and the
port city of Bandar-e-Shahpur. The 41Q-km
Iranian Highway Project is a turnkey project in
which M-K subsidi aries and a joint venture partner
will design, construct, procure supplies, and
turn over the completed highway to the Iranian
government.
25
Mineral Resources
For many years, IECO has been providing engi-
neering services for mineral resources projects.
Included have been the design of mineral pro-
cessing installations, specialized services for
mining operations, and engineering of all types of
support facilities and infrastructures required for
these operations.
Engineering services have been provided to the
iron mining industry for almost 20 years. In Brazil
clients have included mining firms as well as steel-
makers. At Picarrao, engineering was provided for
a new iron ore beneficiation plant and ancillary
facilities. Another assignment was for detail design
of the 10-million-ton-per-year Aguas Claras benefi-
ciation plant, including crushing, screening, and
sampling, plus stockpile, reclaim, and railroad
loadout facilities. The Samarco pelletizing and
shipping complex at Point Ubu on the coast of
Brazil is the responsibility of an IECO joint venture.
Facilities will include a 5-million-ton-per-year pel-
26
The 2-million-ton-per-year iron ore benefication plant at
Picarrao, Brazil includes (from left to right) a load-out station,
single-boom stacker, tailings thickener, double-boom stacker,
and concentrator building.
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l onesia's appetite for cement continues
to grow, much of it being produced by the
'sik plant in eastern Java.
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letizing plant, slurry and product storage and re-
claim facilities, a lime preparation plant, and port
installations.
Many types of support facilities have been de-
signed for these mineral projects, including elec-
trical transmission lines, distribution systems, and
substations; water supply and distribution systems;
settling basins, slurry ponds, and tailings dams;
and wastewater treatment plants.
In the Middle East and elsewhere, increasing at-
tention is being focused on iron-ore reduction
plants based on the availability of low-cost natural
gas for the removal of oxygen. These plants will
transform high-grade ores and pellets into metallic
sponge iron for use in steelmaking operations. In
Egypt, economic and engineering studies have
been made for a 1.6 million-ton-per-year sponge
iron plant and port facility at Alexandria.
Development of Chile's Rio Blanco copper de-
posit, situated at an altitude of 3,700 meters in the
avalanche-prone Andes, was made possible by
housing all facilities underground in huge caverns
constructed by M-K, with IECO providing special-
ized engineering services. In Montana, a primary
crushing plant and conveying system was engi-
neered to handle ore from Anaconda's huge
Berkeley open pit copper mine.
Indonesia's appetite for cement continues to
grow, much of it being produced by the Gresik
plant in eastern Java. Engineering, procurement,
and construction services were provided for the
original plant and two expansion programs by
IECO, H.K. Ferguson, and M-K International. An-
nual capacity reached 500,000 metric tons, with
design underway for a 1-million ton addition. In
other overseas countries, cement, limestone, ag-
gregate, and other industrial mineral projects have
been undertaken.
In the United States, western coal and oil shale
deposits are being examined with growing .interest.
IECO is active in both fields, providing engineering
services, designing transportation systems, and
participating with M-K on large programs that in-
clude one of the oil-shale industry's first full-scale
efforts. Support facilities being designed include
water pipelines and treatment facilities, dams and
reservoirs, powerlines, communication networks,
and community facilities.
For many years, I ECO has been actively engaged
in designing tailings dams and ponds. Projects
The Samarco pelletizing and shipping complex on the
coast of Brazil will include a 5-mil/ion-ton-per-year
pelletizing plant, slurry and product storage and
reclaim, a lime preparation plant, and a port installation.
This 4,000-ton-per-hour crushing plant processes copp.er
ore from Anaconda's huge open-pit mine at Butte, Montana.
in mis specialized field have been carried out in
North and South America and in Europe for such
clients as Kennecott Copper, Monsanto, and FMC
in the United States; Penarroya in France; Austu-
rienne de Mines in Spain; Disputada, Minera An-
dina, and El Teniente in Chile; and CVRD in Brazil.
Also designed was a solar evaporation and min-
erals recovery pond complex on the shore of
Great Salt Lake in Utah.
27
Geotechnical Services
Indispensable to project planning and to estab-
lishing design and construction criteria are geo-
technical investigations performed by IECO's
team of specialists. Geotechnical services are
provided both as a part of a complete engineering
design project and as a separate service.
I ECO has a fully staffed Geotechnical Depart-
ment, providing a complete range of services, in-
cluding soils and foundation engineering, rock
mechanics, engineering geology, geophysics,
ground-water geology, hydrology, and seismology.
The capabilities of this staff are augmented by the
application of computerized techniques and the
use of mathematical models to facilitate interpre-
tation and application of data obtained from test
borings, geophysical surveys, remote sensing,
geological mapping, and laboratory and in-situ
rock and soils testing.
Current and recent projects, where geotechnical
services are being provided, include five major
hydroelectric projects in the United States and
overseas; water supply and irrigation projects in
the United States, Algeria, and Afghanistan; the
lnga-Shaba extra-high-voltage, direct-current
Advanced geotechnical techniques are utilized for safety investigations
of dam structures. For Pacoima Arch Dam and its abutments, extensive
exploratory drilling, borehole photography, seismic surveys, rock
mechanics, and stereographic projection techniques were required.
28
Assessment of ground-water conditions is
essential for the design of excavations and
foundations as well as water development
projects such as this one In Afghanistan. I
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lotechnical factors are
lflllly Important in the
design and construction
l arge underground ex-
ations, such as this
ern for copper ore
neflcation facilities at
the Rio Blanco Mine in 11/e.
transmission line in Zaire; coal-haul railroads in
the United States; iron ore processing plants and
shipping installations in Brazil; coal mining and
handling facilities in the western United States; one of
America's first major oil shale developments;
tailings dams in the United States and overseas ;
highways in the U.S. and abroad ; and safety
investigations of dams in earthquake-prone areas
of California.
With broad geotechnical capability and exten-
sive experience in designing dams, IECO is
well qualified to undertake dam safety assign-
ments. New geotechnical investigation techniques
ophys1cal techniques are often used to supplement other exploration
rhods for rapid determination of subsurface conditions. The seismic
refraction method was used to map the bedrock profile along the pro-f ed Windy Gap pipeline alignment In Colorado.
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have been adopted, computer programs for stabil-
ity analysis developed, and structural and hydraulic
model tests conducted for the investigation and
analysis of all types of dams. Generally, several
different stability and stress analysis techniques
are used, as with the Ross High Dam in Washing-
ton, where results obtained by the three-dimen-
sional finite element method were checked with
comprehensive structural model tests and trial
load analyses.
IECO's project for the restoration of earthquake-
shaken Pacoima Arch Dam in southern California
was judged the "most outstanding consulting en-
gineering achievement of 1976" by the Consulting
Engineers Association of California. The project
comprised the investigation, analysis, and design
of remedial measures and called for new and un-
usual engineering techniques, including the appli-
Design of cut slopes and rock bolting patterns
is necessary for many projects requiring deep
excavations, such as this coal storage cone
for the Stansbury Coal Mine in Wyoming.
Soils investi gations followed by pile loading tests are
required for the design of pile structures such as those for
highway bridges and marine facilities .
cation of borehole photographic methods, utiliza-
tion of several three-dimensional stress-analysis
techniques, application of dynamic response an-
alysis, abutment stability determination utilizing
modern rock mechanics and recently developed
stereographic projection techniques, and the de-
sign of an extensive system of post-tensioned ten-
dons of high-strength steel cables to stabilize the
dam's abutments.
Work continues on the investigation and analysis
of other dam structures in earthquake-prone
regions.
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Municipal Projects
On the municipal as well as the regional/eve/,
IE CO provides a broad range of engineering, de-
sign, and planning services including site prep-
aration work; residential, commercial, and
community development; urban and regional
planning; and public works projects such as
streets and roads, parking facilities, utilities,
water supply and distribution systems, sewage
lines, and wastewater treatment plants.
Municipal projects, large and small, are carried
out for governmental bodies and private firms
throughout the western United States and abroad,
much of it undertaken by IECO area offices in
Boise, Denver, and Phoenix.
The Hartford Corporate Center is a 57-acre
development in Phoenix.
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The wastewater treatment plant at Coolidge, Arizona,
was designed to serve a population of 8,000 persons
and be readily expanded to double that capacity.
Streets and roads have been designed for cities
throughout the western United States.
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Specialized Services
In addition to its broad-based engineering and de-
sign services, IE CO provides a wide range of spe-
cialized services, among them environmental
studies, financial planning, procurement, and con-
struction planning and project management.
• Environmental studies are provided either as
part of an overall engineering program or as an
individual service for a specific project. Included
are in-depth baseline environmental studies of ex-
isting pre-project conditions, full environmental
analyses, and statements of environmental impact
for proposed projects. An example is the Upper
South Platte River Environmental Study of alterna-
tive development plans for a multipurpose water-
supply project in Colorado.
Other examples are an environmental study
made for the new Interstate Highway over Vail Pass
in Colorado, and studies of the impact of the huge
ltaipu Reservoir on wide expanses along the Pa-
rana River between Brazil and Paraguay. For the
highway, baseline conditions were identified and
examined, and alternative highway locations were
studied and ranked on the basis of quantified envi-
ronmental factors. Design concepts for embank-
ments and highway structures were developed and
examined with regard to environmental consider-
ations . For the power project, in-depth floral and
faunal investigations, as well as archeological and
social factors were fully analyzed , and the project
modified to minimize environmental effects.
• Financial planning services range from cash
flow and economic projections for determining the
economic and commercial feasibility of a project,
to structuring optimum financing packages and
providing assistance in obtaining project financ-
ing. IECO has a capable staff for directly assisting
clients in negotiating with private, institutional, and
government credit agencies to meet investment re-
quirements, secure commitments from national and
international credit institutions, and help the par-
ties with loan documents. These services have
been a vital factor in the success of a number of
large projects.
• Complete procurement services are provided
under the "single-contract, single-responsibility"
concept from purchasing through delivery at the
project site. I ECO is prepared to assume responsi-
bility for an entire procurement program that in-
cludes writing specifications, providing assistance
in financing, and purchasing on a worldwide basis,
followed by establishing shipping routes and
schedules, inspecting and expediting at the plant
as well as departure and arrival ports, and main-
taining continuous contact with vendors and ship-
pers to ensure compliance with contract terms.
Millions of dollars worth of equipment and materials
for projects throughout the world have been
procured under this program.
• Construction planning and project management
services are provided by professionals thoroughly
experienced in engineering as well as construc-
tion. Services are provided to the extent desired by
the client, but the general practice is to establish a
management team that provides the client with
project continu ity and responsibility from design
through construction and start-up. As they are de-
veloped, plans and specifications are reviewed and
coordinated for quality assurance. Construction
estimates and schedules are developed from the
"bottom up" by utilizing detailed, up-to-date cost
and delivery commitments available from many on-
going projects within the M-K organization. A con-
tract strategy is established, and bids are solicited
and evaluated for the client. Cost control and
scheduling control procedures are established,
monitored, and coordinated ; and on-site supervi-
sion is provided.
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On the preceding pages, we have described
what we have done, and what services we
provide. We are ready to apply these capabil-
ities, based on three decades of engineering
experience, to meet your requirements for
your project. Our desire is to provide you with
the best combination of services to meet your
needs, whether they be for specialized stud-
ies, or for complete project management.
We are ready to serve you from any of the
following locations-
INTERNATIONAL ENGINEERING
COMPANY, INC.
SAN FRANCISCO HEADQUARTERS
220 Montgomery Street
San Francisco, California 94104
Telephone: (415) 544-1200
Telex: 470040 (ITT); 278362 (RCA); 34376 (WUD)
NORTHWEST DISTRICT OFFICE
1451 Hartman Street
Boise, Idaho 83704
Telephone: (208) 375-5232
MIDWEST DISTRICT OFFICE
1777 So. Bellaire Street, Suite 100
Denver, Colorado 80222
Telephone: (303) 757-8586
SOUTHWEST DISTRICT OFFICE
2966 West Clarendon Avenue
Phoenix, Arizona 85017
Telephone: (602) 263-8638
GULF COAST DISTRICT OFFICE
7739 San Felipe, Suite 200
Houston, Texas 77063
Telephone: (713) 780-1404
EASTERN DISTRICT OFFICE
Union Station
New London, Connecticut 06320
Telephone: (203) 447-3154
And abroad in such cities as-
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Kinshasa, Zaire
Bangkok, Thailand
Kabul, Afghanistan
Dacca, Bangladesh
Bechar, Algeria
Guatemala City, Guatemala
Quito, Ecuador
Managua, Nicaragua
San Salvador, El Salvador
Asuncion, Paraguay
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A MORRISON-KNUDSEN COMPANY
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