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HomeMy WebLinkAboutWind Capabilities Briefing Book 2004WIND CAPABILITIES BRIEFING BOOK Headquarters: 182 Mad River Park Waitsfield, VT 05673 West Coast Office: 33 New Montgomery, Suite 1280 San Francisco, CA 94105 www.northernpower.com nw Northern A Distributed Energy Systems Company Introduction Northern is a full service engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) contractor with a multidisciplinary staff of over 90, over half holding engineering or technical degrees. Northern draws upon a wide range of thoroughly tested technologies, from wind turbines and photovoltaics (PV), to reciprocating engines and microturbines. We maintain an “open technology” approach, offering our customers unbiased advice on power generation options. Northern has installed more than 800 systems in 40 countries on all seven continents. The depth of our experience in the wind industry includes expertise in wind feasibility assessment, wind farm pre-development, wind turbine design and engineering, and the development of power electronics for variable speed direct drive wind turbines. From our start in the early 1970s refurbishing small Jacobs turbines, to our current work on research and development of a 1.5 MW direct-drive variable-speed permanent magnet drive train, Northern’s experience has spanned the wind industry. Northern is a founding member of the American Wind Energy Association (AWEA) and regularly presents at major industry conferences on wind project feasibility, turbine performance and turbine design and engineering. We have installed wind turbines throughout the world, including the South Pole, the Sahara Desert and the National Renewable Energy Laboratory’s National Wind Test Site at Golden, Colorado. Northern’s turbines on Antarctica have successfully operated for more than 15 years in winds up to 88.5 m/s (198 mph) and temperatures as low as -80° C (-112° F). We have been a pioneer in matching appropriate turbine technology to Installation of Northern’s NorthWind 100™ Turbine National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Boulder, CO specific project site conditions, and we regularly partner with the leading turbine manufacturers in the world including NEG Micon, Vestas and GE Wind among others. Our power electronics group has significant experience in designing and testing power conversion hardware and software for a variety of generation system and wind turbines. Current wind projects include pre-development services for an 80 MW wind farm in Nebraska for Cargill Dow, engineering and wind resource assessment services for a 60 MW wind farm in East Haven, Vermont, pre-development services for a 24 MW aggregated wind power project for farmers in southwest Minnesota, and preliminary investigation of wind power and other renewable energy options for the DestiNY USA project in Syracuse, New York. Installation of Northern’s North Wind 100 Turbine National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Boulder, CO In addition to the integration of wind turbines into large electric grids, Northern is the world’s leader in the design and installation of high-penetration wind-diesel hybrid power systems. Our 525 kW wind-diesel hybrid system installed at an industrial facility in Alaska was the first commercially viable project of its kind. Northern has an unparalleled track record in the renewable energy industry, recently underscored when former U.S. Assistant Secretary of Energy, Dan Reicher, joined the company as Executive Vice President. Our customers have included Bechtel, Chevron, Flour Daniel, Cargill Dow, Hydro-Québec, PG&E, Siemens A.G., Newfoundland and Labrador Hydro, SNC Lavalin, Suncor, various branches of the U.S. Armed Forces, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, and the National Science Foundation, as well as state and local governments. Table of Contents Wind Project Feasibility and Development Steps Northern’s Phased Approach to Project Development Relevant Project Experience Engineering and wind resource assessment services for a 60 MW Wind Farm Renewable Energy and Wind Feasibility Study for the U.S. Navy Wind Feasibility Study for an 80 MW Wind Farm WindPACT Three-Year $5.8 million Turbine Development Program for the U.S. Department of Energy Commercial High-Penetration Wind-Diesel Hybrid Power System in Alaska Wind-Diesel Power Systems for Nuclear Test Ban Treaty Monitoring Sites Feasibility Study for Wind Power Integration for a Local Utility Product Briefs Northern in the News Key Wind Power Personnel Company Overview Overview of Northern’s Broader Engineering Capabilities Section 1 Section 2 Section 3 Section 4 Section 5 Section 6 Section 7 Section 8 NORTHERN POWER SYSTEMS | UONDeS ( Wind Project Feasibility and Development Steps In order to determine the feasibility, cost and payback period for a wind project, a great deal of information is required about factors such as the available wind regime and site conditions, potential transmission and interconnection issues, local regulations, incentives and rebates that may be in place, potential financing options and many other issues. Typically, Northern works with clients by following a project development schedule that includes the following: 1) Feasibility Preliminary site assessment o Wind resource assessment o Transmission availability/interconnection o Land availability and cost o Siting assessment Review of electrical supply, transmission, utility interface and/or end user information General review of construction, permitting and interconnection issues Identification of appropriate financial and development model 2) Pre-development Review of development hurdles and benchmarks Installation of site-specific wind resource monitoring equipment Cost of Energy modeling for a variety of turbines and configurations Community relations and stakeholder outreach Permitting and environmental impact analysis Power purchase agreement Capacity payment vs. energy-based payment Scheduling and balancing mechanisms Liability for transmission interruptions Time-differentiated pricing o Technical negotiation support Interconnection Study Final engineering cost estimate o Geotechnical engineering o Site logistics o Collection system o Substation/interconnection o Turbine pricing Financial validation and ownership structure discussions Production Tax Credit (PTC), state incentive review and “green tag” monetization Determination of project viability ° ° ° ° Beyond the pre-development stage, Northern would act as an engineering/construction manager to handle a number of subcontractors. The next stages are: 3) Project Engineering e Turbine vendor selection ¢ Site layout and turbine siting e Engineering design o Geotechnical testing Foundation requirements Access road(s) Maintenance infrastructure Substation(s) Weather/seasonality/logistics/crane access o Interconnection e Finalize financial and tax structure e Permitting review and support including expert testimony e Risk management oooo0o°0 4) Construction and Commissioning e¢ Consultant and subcontractor selection and management e Ongoing community relations e Utility relations e = Infrastructure o Land clearing and access roads o Maintenance buildings o Foundations Tower erection & turbine installation Collection system, substation(s), interconnection & SCADA installation Commissioning 5) Operation e Technical operations and maintenance ¢ Training of local support and maintenance personnel e Financial/contract management and control ¢ Community relations Northern typically takes the role of Team Leader and can act as the project manager. We work closely with the project owner to maximize internal expertise from an engineering, finance and project management perspective to minimize costs and maximize the probability and long-term success of the project. We offer a full-range of services and we have a proven record of working effectively with utilities, developers, regulators and the leading manufacturers to provide technical support and serve as an Engineering, Procurement and Construction (EPC) contractor to the developer. NORTHERN POWER SYSTEMS Northern’s Phased Approach to Project Development Northern strongly believes that a project under consideration should pass through “development screens” with clear milestones to challenge functional viability, quantify client benefits and efficiently utilize capital. Typically, Northern works with clients by following a project development schedule that includes the following: Project Screen Ill Phase Ill Pre-Development * Analysis of new meteorological data * Final engineering cost review for installation * Determine Cost of Energy for several turbines * Stakeholder outreach * Define financial and tax structure * Permitting review Screen Il Phase Il Feasibility * On-site assessment * Site anemometry * Build business case * Identify and recommend specific project scope Phase! Screening/Fatal Flaw Analysis * Explore options * Identify potential solutions * Rough feasibility assessment Schedule: 4-12 months Go/No Milestone: Close Financing Schedule: 6 months — 1 year and Initiate Construction Go/N Milestone: Accurate Wind O'NO Data and Defined Schedule: up to 2 months Development Plan Milestone: Define Viable Options ” @ 9 = ° s ) NORTHERN POWER SYSTEMS Relevant Project Experience Northern has installed wind turbines on all seven continents in various wind regimes. The projects summarized here demonstrate the range of engineering and project management capabilities that are required for successfully implementing smaller-scale and large-scale wind power systems. e Engineering and wind resource assessment services for a 60 MW Wind Farm e Renewable Energy and Wind Feasibility Study for the U.S. Navy e Wind Feasibility Study for an 80 MW Wind Farm e WindPACT Three-Year $5.8 million Turbine Development Program for the U.S. Department of Energy ¢ Commercial High-Penetration, Wind-Diesel Hybrid Power System in Alaska e Wind-Diesel Power Systems for Nuclear Test Ban Treaty Monitoring Sites e Feasibility Study for Wind Power Integration for a Local Utility Engineering Services and Wind Resource Assessment for 60 MW Wind Farm East Haven, Vermont In November 2001 Northern Power Systems was contracted by East Mountain Development Company (EMDC) to perform wind farm engineering and development activities for a proposed 60 MW wind farm in East Haven, Vermont. This proposed wind farm is located on the property of an abandoned mountain top radar installation in complex mountainous terrain, and the project involves many complex logistical and construction components atypical of most wind farms. The mountainous terrain is remote and experiences significant icing. Utility interconnection and site/civil work will be extensive. Northern’s contract with EMDC includes a comprehensive wind resource assessment program on three separate mountains. In addition, Northern is providing engineering services, including turbine micro-siting, wind farm output modeling, and technical consulting. When complete, the EMDC wind farm will be the largest wind generation plant in the Eastern United States. The project demonstrates Northern’s experience with wind resource assessment programs and wind farm development. Reference Information: Mr. Matthew Rubin EMDC, LLC 26 State Street Montpelier, VT 05602 Phone: (802) 223-7141 Renewable Energy and Wind Feasibility Study for the U.S. Navy North Island Naval Air Station, Navy Auxiliary Landing Field, San Clemente Island, California Northern Power Systems is currently under contract with the North Island Naval Air Station (NASNI) to conduct a renewable energy feasibility study for the Navy Auxiliary Landing Field (NALF) on San Clemente Island (SCI). NALF-SCI is a Navy-owned and operated island located 75 miles northwest of San Diego, California. SCI is a Navy range and instrumentation test site under the command of NASNI. The island is approximately 21 miles long with a surface area of approximately 57 square miles. The island is tasked to support aviation and surface units of the operating forces of the Pacific Fleet. SCI has an existing wind farm consisting of three 225 kW NEG Micon wind turbines. Two of these wind turbines became operational in March 1998 and the third machine became operational in October 1999. The Navy currently has environmental approval for installation of a total of four wind turbines at SCI. Under this renewable energy assessment contract, Northern is evaluating options to expand the existing wind farm and install additional renewable energy components on the Island. This effort includes a review of renewable energy options, the development of rough order-of-magnitude costs for design, construction and maintenance, and list advantages and disadvantages for each option. Work under this contract involves assessment of the following renewable energy options for SCI: ¢ Installation of one medium sized (225 kW to 300 kW) wind turbine at the existing wind farm site e Installation of one large sized (500 kW to 900 kW) WT at the existing wind farm site e Installation of a small (50 kW to 150 kW) photo-voltaic (PV) system e Power quality (power factor) improvements at the SCI power plant e Improved load control on the SCI grid e Annual maintenance costs Renewable energy options will be rated based on a set of criteria including, advantages, disadvantages and cost effectiveness. In addition, the compatibility of each option with existing components and systems now at the Island is being analyzed, including turbine software protocol. When complete Northern will provide the Navy with a report detailing the overall assessment of concept options, their rank in terms of cost effectiveness (i.e., $/kW), and their advantages and disadvantages. Reference Information: Mr. Brian Cable NAVFACCO, NCBC. 90 Attn: Code 2711 1000 23% Ave. Port Hueneme, CA 93043-4304 Phone: (805) 982-1207 Wind Feasibility Study for an 80 MW Wind Farm in Nebraska Northern recently completed a comprehensive wind feasibility study for Cargill Dow as Phase | of a project designed to provide clean energy for a major bio-plastics manufacturing facility. The client's goals for the project are to replace fossil fuel-based electricity with competitively priced wind power, and realize the public relations rewards of “doing the right thing” by causing a large wind farm to be built, acting as developer, investor, or prime mover. As part of overall services, Northern delivered an Interactive Engineering and Financial Model as a decision-making tool to help the client determine appropriate next steps for Phase II, due diligence review, and Phase III, project development. We created the Base Case Sensitivity Location B Wind Site: Preferred Wind Site: -_— IRR: XX-8.3% Location A NPV10: $XX-6.6 MM Leverage: XX-7% Turbine A: Preferred Wind Turbine: _| > IRR: XX-4.4% Turbine B NPV10: $XX-3.7 MM Base Case Return: Leverage: X-4% br IRR: XX.X% — NPV10: SXXX MM Lower Power Price: Base Power Price: Leverage: XX% ($0.0XX-$0.01/kWh) $0.0XX/kWh s > IRR: XX-13.2% (20038) NPV10: $XX-17 MM Leverage: XX-19% rasraue: DSCRXX-0.2:1 : IRR: XX+6.5% aR _— > NPVIO: $xx+1.6 MM OXF DSR) Leverage: XX+8% Model based on a wind resource assessment, investigation of regulatory considerations, a review of transmission and interconnection issues and analysis of various project ownership structure options and financing options. As a result, Cargill Dow received a complete package detailing energy resources, technology options, financing and ownership options to be used in evaluating future energy investments. The study supported the proposal that a wind project in Nebraska could be economically competitive; pricing would be comparable to other locations in the Midwest (3-5 cents per kWh). Northern is currently discussing Phase II of the project with the client. Reference Information: Mr. Jeffrey Kolstad Chief Scientist Cargill Dow LLC 12700 Whitewater Drive Minnetonka, MN 55343 Phone: (952) 984-3073 Fax: (952) 984-3386 Email: Jeff_Kolstad@cargilldow.com WindPACT Three-Year $5.8 million Turbine Development Program for the U.S. Department of Energy The objective of this program is to identify, design and test a MW-scale wind turbine drive train with the lowest overall lifecycle cost for the National Renewable Energy Lab (NREL). The Department of Energy awarded Northern this prestigious contract through a competitive bid process with other leading turbine manufacturers. It is indicative of the continued high regard NREL has for Northern’s design and engineering capabilities. To carry out the program, Northern has assembled a team including General Dynamics, TIAX (Arthur D. Little) and Cantarey Reinosa of Spain. Northern has focused on a permanent magnet direct drive configuration as the optimal configuration for future large- scale turbine design, and is leading the effort to develop and analyze the cost-benefits of producing a 1.5 MW size turbine. Northern has already delivered a preliminary design and cost and performance modeling as part of Phase |. Phase II will include detailed design engineering and Phase III will include prototype manufacture and testing to demonstrate technical and economic viability. The project is designed to directly result in increased commercialization potential through analysis of industry needs and trends, mitigation of technical risks and acceleration of product development time to market. Reference Information: Mr. Alan Laxson National Renewable Energy Laboratory 1617 Cole Boulevard Golden, CO 80401-3393 Phone: (303) 384-6944 or Email: alan_laxson@nrel.gov Installation, Long-Term Testing And Analysis Of Two 600 kW Wind Turbines NREL Advanced Research Turbine Program, Boulder, Colorado The Advanced Research Turbine (ART) highlights Northern Power Systems’ experience and expertise with large wind turbines, as well as our continued involvement in innovative turbine research and development. Under this program Northern Power Systems is a subcontractor to the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). The overall goal of the ART program is to advance the fundamental understanding of wind turbine technology. Northern Power Systems’ initial scope of work involved disassembling two 600 kW Westinghouse turbines at the Makani Uwila wind farm on Oahu Island, Hawaii, and transporting those turbines to the NREL-run National Wind Technology Center (NWTC) in Boulder, CO. At the NWTC, Northern Power Systems refurbished the turbines with new towers and upgraded subsystems. Under the current phase of the project, Northern has a long-term contract to provide technical services to operate the ART turbines and carry out testing under NREL’s direction. Advanced Research Turbine Project, Boulder, CO A number of subsystem changes were made by Northern at the NWTC that highlight the company’s technical familiarity with large turbine components. The rotor brake system on one of the turbines was modified for quick-stop capabilities and its SCADA-based data acquisition system was fully overhauled. The original Siemens control system on the second ART turbine, now identified as the Controls Advanced Research Turbine (CART) was completely replaced with a new NREL-designed PC-based operating system built by Northern Power Systems. In addition, the CART turbine’s hydraulic pitching mechanism was replaced with an electro-mechanical pitching system. The Westinghouse turbines were chosen for this project because of their robust design, which includes a bedplate ideal for testing interchangeable components and turbine control strategies. Many of the tests performed under the ART project are those that wind turbine manufacturing companies would be unlikely to undertake due to technical risk, cost, and complexity. Current work involves both advanced component development testing and full turbine system research. As the two turbines are functionally identical, one of them serves as a baseline for comparing modifications made to the second machine. The following mechanical and electrical research has been performed on the ART test bed: e Long-term Inflow and Structural Testing (LIST) for studying loads and fatigue on turbine components ¢ Development and installation of a lightweight flexible rotor e Research with combined turbine and meteorological SCADA-based controls during unsteady aerodynamic conditions e Variable speed controller for testing variable speed operations Northern Power Systems currently has two full-time technicians dedicated to modification, analysis, and overall maintenance of the ART turbines at the NWTC. Northern Power Systems has met and continues to meet these challenges, successfully participating in an advanced wind turbine technology program that is playing a valuable role in bringing wind energy generation to the forefront in the United States. For example, research in the behavior of the ART turbines in response to large wind vortex structures has advanced our understanding of structural loading on wind turbines, and the results of this research have led to modifications in the models used to design wind turbines. Reference Information: Mr. David Simms National Wind Technology Center, NREL 18200 State Highway 128 Boulder, CO 80303 Phone: (303) 384-6942 Fax: (303) 384-6901 Email: david_simms@nrel.gov Commercial High-Penetration Wind-Diesel Hybrid Power System Tanadgusix Corporation (TDX), St. Paul Island, Alaska In March 1999, Northern Power Systems commissioned a turnkey, high penetration wind-diesel hybrid power system on the island of St. Paul, Alaska. The success of the TDX project has distinguished Northern Power Systems as a world leader in utility-scale wind-diesel systems, and demonstrates our ability to design and build complex, high quality power systems in logistically challenging environments. Although the 225 Vestas turbine that Northern installed in this project is smaller than the current industry standard, there is nothing fundamentally different about the installation of this utility- scale turbine than the latest generation megawatt-scale turbines. High-Penetration Wind Diesel Hybrid Power System, St. Paul Island, Alaska The impetus for a high-penetration wind-diesel hybrid system was to reduce the overall energy costs for the POSS Camp - a nearby industrial facility - electrical and heating loads, while maintaining reliable, utility-grade electricity. The high-penetration configuration allows the POSS camp to maximize the energy contribution from the wind, as the system is able to operate in a “wind-only” mode during times that the wind turbine output exceeds the facility's load requirements. Limiting the diesel run-time in this manner has resulted in long-term energy cost savings. During times when the wind turbine’s output exceeds the electric load at the POSS Camp, the excess energy is diverted to a secondary load. Northern Power Systems designed and installed the entire power system for this project from the ground up, including interconnection. The power system includes: One 225 kW Vestas V27 Wind Turbine Two 150 kW Volvo Diesel Generators One 300 kVA Synchronous Condenser with a Synchronous Condenser Controller (SCC) One 5000 gallon thermal storage tank with 446 kW secondary load controlled by a system Frequency Regulator One Supervisory wind-diesel controller (WDC) A Remote monitoring and control system Northern Power Systems has continued to provide long-term support for TDX and we have been very successful in training a local utility staff to operate this advanced power system. Reference Information: Mr. Bruce Levy TDX Power Corporation Two West Market Street, Suite 400 West Chester, PA 19382 Phone: (610) 918-8581 Fax: (610) 918-8583 Email: bruce@tdxpower.com Wind-Diesel Power Systems for Nuclear Test Ban Treaty Monitoring Sites Lake Vanda and Mt. Newall, Antarctica The Lake Vanda and Mt. Newall power systems are a marquee project for Northern Power Systems, demonstrating our company’s ability to successfully design, build, install, and maintain a complex project in a remote and harsh environment for a military client. Northern Power Systems was awarded the contract for this project on a sole- source basis because, in the opinion of the USAF, we were the only company that had the capability and proven experience to take on a project of its scope and degree of difficulty. Remote Wind-Photovoltaic-Diesel Hybrid Power System, Mt. Newell, Antarctica Prior to contracting with Northern Power Systems, the original power systems at these sites had never successfully operated for an entire winter. Northern Power Systems followed a rigorous design process to ensure these systems met GSP and USAF specifications. This process included: Preliminary Design Review (PDR), Critical Design Review (CDR), and Final Design Review (FDR) procedures. Each of the power systems for this project is housed in a custom steel shelter. The shelters and the power systems are designed to withstand wind speeds in excess of 200 miles per hour. The hybrid power system at the telecommunications repeater system atop Mt. Newell consists of a 3,300-watt photovoltaic array, a single Lister Petter diesel generator, and one of Northern Power Systems’ Antarctica-proven HR3 wind turbines. (Six of Northern's HR3 wind turbines have supplied reliable power to the remote telecommunication center on Antarctica’s Black Island for over ten years.) The rigorous design specifications, coupled by the multiple power generation sources, make Mt. Newell's hybrid power system arguably one of the most sophisticated remote power systems ever built. Both the Lake Vanda and Mt. Newell sites are over 100 miles from the nearest manned base (McMurdo Station) and consequently, the sites are only accessible by helicopter. As a result, following acceptance testing, the systems (together weighing over 85,000 pounds) were meticulously marked, disassembled, and packed into loads no larger than 2,000 pounds (the helicopter lift limit). After the disassembled power systems were shipped to the McMurdo Station, they were then flown, one lift at a time, to their respective sites in the Antarctic interior. The project was completed on time, according to schedule. Since commissioning in early 2000 the Lake Vanda and Mt. Newell power systems have operated successfully through two entire Antarctic winters. Reference Information: Mr. Norm Ruotanen Geophysical Services and Products 401 Cypress Street, Suite 426 Abilene, TX 79601 Phone: (915) 677-1933 Fax: (915) 677-4015 Email: gsp@abilene.com Feasibility Study of Wind Power Integration for a Local Utility Northern has extensive modeling and optimizing experience for a variety of utilities and power producers. For the Yukon Electric Corporation, a major Provincial Utility, Northern reviewed the technical and financial feasibility of adding wind power and energy storage to existing diesel electrical systems. The feasibility study considered available wind turbine technology, technical and logistical feasibility, the economics of a variety of system architectures and sensitivity variables, and environmental and social factors. The Feasibility Study was based on Northern’s extensive project experience, in-house wind resource data analysis software and the results of analyses performed with two computer models, HOMER and Hybrid2. Levelized Cost of 15 OS80 Rah O.525 O50 O.aTs oes O.ass 0.400 ‘Oss O380 os 000 No. of Viengnet 15-fitt Fuel Price ($4) Wteres! Rime = 7 Prod Cap. Cost = 230504 $ Opbonal Energy = 0.13 san 65 7o 75 60 85 50 Wind Speed (mea) Levelized cost of energy overlaid with optimum number of wind turbines as a function of wind speed and fuel price. The factors considered in the analysis of available wind turbine technology were presence of the manufacturer in North America, commitment of the manufacturer to cold weather application, reliability, availability of service, and logistics of shipping and installation. The economic analysis of the project was done using conservative capital cost estimates based on formal quotes, Northern’s experience in realizing projects in remote locations, and Northern-supplied components and EPC services. Primary consideration was given to the minimization of on-site work, achieved by pre-assembling the wind-diesel integration equipment in a customized shipping container in Vermont. Capital cost analysis included changes to the power plant and distribution system, as well as wind turbine purchase and installation, wind-diesel integration equipment purchase and installation, engineering, and project management costs. A number of sensitivities were considered including the average annual wind speed, the capital cost of the additional system components, the interest rate, the fuel price, fuel inflation rate, and the value of secondary energy. Using the sensitivity values considered to be most likely or most conservative, including the most conservative annual average wind speed estimate of 5.96 m/s, the optimum system contains 6 wind turbines and has a COE of $0.499 (with $0.101 from the wind component), with a carbon savings of 104 metric tons per year. Reference Information: Mr. John Maissan, P. Eng. Director, Technical Services Yukon Energy Phone: (867) 393-5347 Email: john.maisson@yec.yk.ca NORTHERN POWER SYSTEMS NORTHERN POWER SYSTEMS Northern’s NW 1.5/70’s unique design dramatically improves the turbine’s operating life and reduces downtime. www.northernpower.com The NorthWind NW1.5/ 70™ Northern Power Systems™ began as a business that rebuilt and reinstalled old wind generators during the revival of the wind industry in the 1970s. Over time, Northern engineers studied the existing technology and developed new, more reliable designs. This pioneer involvement earned Northern a reputation as a company capable of handling the most difficult wind applications. Northern has remained a leader in the wind business by serving markets where wind is cost-effective, and by continuously adding new technologies to our repertoire. Northern's capabilities and innovative turbine designs have been proven in the harshest environments on earth. Our NW100/20 Cold Weather Turbine, won the prestigious R&D 100 Award for the year 2000, presented by R&D Magazine. Today, wind is fully competitive with traditional electricity generation technologies. A growing number of corporations and utilities are using wind power for its environmental benefits and stable, long-term power costs. Northern has extended its competencies into the wind farm business, offering comprehensive engi- neering, procurement, and construction services to wind energy developers in the global market. Our experience, our established relationships with utility PRODUCT OVERVIEW providers, and our reputation in the wind power industry place us in the ideal position to implement large-scale wind power projects. Northern Power Systems is taking wind power in new directions. In cooperation with world-class generator manufacturer, Cantarey Reinosa, and leading edge generator designers at General Dynamics, Northern Power is developing a new breakthrough in wind turbine design — the NorthWind 1.5/70. This unique 1.5 MW design uses patented, direct drive, permanent magnet generator technology, which eliminates the gearbox and other high-wear components, dramatically improving operating life and reducing downtime. The NW1.5/70 is being This revolutionary |.5 MW design uses patented,direct drive, permanent magnet generator technology, which eliminates the gearbox and other high-wear components. >> Northern Power Systems designs, builds and installs ultra-reliable electric power system solutions for industrial, commercial and government customers worldwide. Since our founding in 1974, we have installed over 800 systems in 40 countries on all seven continents. Headquarters: Northern Power Systems 182 Mad River Park Waitsfield, VT 05673 USA Phone: 877-496-2955 Fax: 802-496-2953 California Office: Northern Power Systems 33 New Montgomery Street, Suite 1280 San Francisco, CA 94105 USA Phone: 415-543-6110 Fax: 415-543-6105 www.n orthernpower. com Copyright, 2003, Northern Power Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Northern Power Systems, the Yellow N Logo and ‘power without limits’ are trademarks of Northern Power Systems, Inc. pdb_NW1.5_1.0let oJ Northern A Distributed Energy Systems Company developed by Northern Power with support from the U.S. DOE-funded National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). Direct Drive Simplicity The NW1.5/70 design combines proven wind turbine subsystems with a unique permanent magnet syn- chronous generator design from one of the world’s leading technology developers. The direct drive con- figuration benefits from a minimum amount of mov- ing and wearing parts leading to improved reliability over conventional designs and greater annual energy production. Some of the key design features of the NW1.5/70 include: * No gearbox in the drivetrain for improved efficiency and reliability + Single bearing design for compact layout and fewer moving parts Project Status With major support from the US Department of Energy's WindPACT Program, the Northern Power Systems-led team is conducting an intensive project to develop a commercial megawatt-scale turbine design. The NW1.5/70 turbine described herein rep- resents the culmination of these efforts. wind turbine provi effective, highly reliable renewable energy in demand- ing environments. www.northernpower.com Simplicity by Design Designed specifically for extreme weather in isolat- ed grid and distributed generation applications, the NW100/19 is a state of the art, village-scale wind turbine. Northern Power Systems has drawn on 30 years of experience to engineer a wind turbine that provides cost-effective, highly reliable renewable energy in demanding environments. Meeting the needs of small utilities and independent power producers, the NW100/19 has the following features: Simplicity High reliability and low maintenance were the focus in developing the NW 100/19. The design integrates industry proven robust components with innovative design features to maximize wind energy capture in severe and remote locations. The turbine features a minimum of moving parts and vulnerable subsys- tems to deliver high system availability. The uncom- plicated rotor design allows safe, efficient turbine operation. * Direct drive gen- erator eliminates the drivetrain gearbox * Dual fail-safe disk brake and electro- dynamic braking system eliminates blade brakes The North Wind® NW100/19 PRODUCT OVERVIEW Serviceability All service activities can occur within the tubular tower or nacelle housing, providing complete pro- tection from severe weather conditions. Designated work areas provide ample room to perform service activities. Power Quality The most common generator utilized in the wind industry is a gear driven asynchronous (induction) generator. Induction generators must be connected to a stable voltage source for excitation and reac- tive power (VAR) support. While large power grids can easily provide this support, power quality and system stability is compromised in distributed gen- eration and village systems where the power grid is typically “soft and unbalanced.” Northern has solved this issue with the NW 100/19. Our synchronous, variable speed direct drive gener- ator and integrated power converter increases energy capture, while eliminating current in-rush during control transitions. This turbine can be connected to large power grids and remote wind-diesel configura- tions without inducing surges, effectively providing grid support rather than compromising it. System Description The variable speed, stall controlled turbine rotor assembly consists of three fiberglass reinforced plastic (FRP) blades bolted to a rigid hub, which mounts directly to the generator shaft. This simple, robust design eliminates the need for rotating blade tips, blade pitch systems, and speed increasing gearboxes. Using a state-of-the-art airfoil design increases the blade’s aerodynamic efficiency and renders them insensitive to surface roughness caused by dirt build-up and insects. The advanced FRP-resin infusion molding process ensures a high-quality blade while the cold chamber tested root connection guarantees it will meet extreme temperature require- ments. mete nme ake tet aeciomeeenent eee ON cele = = = Integral web-based SmartView™ monitoring system The direct drive generator is a salient pole synchronous machine designed specifically for high reliability applications. Electrical output of the generator is converted to high quality AC power that can be synchronized to conventional or weak isolated grids. The advanced power conversion system also eliminates the inrush currents and poor power factor of conventional wind turbines. The variable speed direct drive generator/converter system is tuned to operate the rotor at the peak performance coefficient, and also allows stall point rotor control to contend with wide variation in air density found in the target applications. The safety system consists of a spring applied, pressure released disk brake mounted on the generator shaft for emergency conditions, and an electrodynamic brake system that provides both normal shutdown and emergency braking backup functions. NW100/19 Power Curve Standard Density 32 oo Electrical Power [kW] o> ry 0 5 10 15 20 25 Wind Speed [m/s] NW 100/19 Annual Energy Production ‘Standard Density Average Wind Speed [m/s] NW 100/19 Technical Specifications Design Specifications Turbine Class Design Life Design Standards Performance Nominal Power Rating Rated Wind Speed Cut-In Wind Speed Cut-Out Wind Speed Survival Wind Speed General Configuration Rotation Axis Orientation Yaw Control Number of Blades Hub Type Drive Train Power Regulation Rotor Diameter Swept Area Speed Range Speed @ rated power Structural Configuration Power Regulation Rotor Rotation Pitch Angle Coning Blades Airfoil Material Lightning Protection Drive Train Configuration Tilt Angle Generator Type Insulation Class Generating Speed Generator Rating Speed Control Grid Connection Grid Tolerance Electrical Output IEC WTGS Class S 30 year In accordance with IEC 61400-1 100 kw 15 m/s (34mph) 4 mls ( 9mph) 25 m/s (S6mph) 56 mis (157mph) Horizontal Upwind Active 3 Rigid Direct Drive Variable Speed Stall 19..m 284 m2 45-69 RPM 63.5 RPM Flange Mounted Blades, Rigid Hub Variable Speed Stall Clockwise (Viewed from Upwind) -0.75° @ tip, nominal o $819, $820, $821 Series Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic (FRP) Standard Integrated System Variable Speed Direct Drive 4" Salient Pole Synchronous NEMA H 45-69 RPM 100 kW w/ 1.15 Service Factor Caliper Brake, Dynamic Brake +/- 10V; +/- 0.5 Hz 480 VAC, 3 phase, 50/60 Hz Power Factor Compensation >0.99 PF at rated Braking Systems Mechanical Brake Electro-Dynamic Brake Yaw System Type Damping system Yaw Drive Yaw Bearing Tower Type Hub Height Material Corrosion Protection Service Environment Tower Nacelle Controller Type Functions Remote Control/ Monitoring Software Power Electronics Main Shaft Disc Brake w/ Dual Spring Applied Calipers Parking and emergency backup Active Upwind Adjustable Friction Electrically Driven Planetary Gearbox Slew Ring Tubular 25/30/35 m (82/98/115 ft) Steel Marine Paint Fully Enclosed, Ladder Way Fully Enclosed Northern WTGS-1 00 Controller, Microprocessor- based Complete Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition Integrated SmartView™ Access IGBT Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) Converter Environmental Specifications Temperature Operating Range Lightning Protection Icing Seismic Loading -46°C to 50°C (-50°F to 122°F) In Accordance with IEC 61024-! Ice cover to 30 mm (1.2 in) Zone 4 Packages available for specific site condition such as coastal environment. Masses Rotor 761 Kg (1,680 Ibs) Nacelle (excluding rotor) 6325 Kg (13,950 Ibs) Tower (25m) 6500 Kg (14,330 Ibs) Northern Power Systems reserves the right to alter turbine specifications at any time. >> Northern Power Systems designs, builds and installs ultra-reliable electric power system solutions for industrial, commercial and government customers worldwide. Since our founding in 1974, we have installed over 800 systems in 45 countries on all seven continents. Headquarters: Northern Power Systems 182 Mad River Park Waitsfield, VT 05673 USA Phone: 877-496-2955 Fax: 802-496-2953 California Office: Northern Power Systems 33 New Montgomery Street, Suite 1280 San Francisco, CA 94105 USA Phone: 415-543-6110 Fax: 415-543-6105 www.northernpower.com Copyright, 2004, Northern Power Systems, Inc. Alll rights reserved Northern Power Systems, the Yellow N Logo and ‘power without limits’ are trademarks of Northern Power Systems, Inc. pdb_NW100_19_I.|tab nN Northern A Distributed Energy Systems Company Development The NW100/19 turbine was developed by Northern with support from cooperating agencies within the U.S. government, including the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA); the National Science Foundation (NSF); the Department of Energy (DOE); and the DOE-funded National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). Siemens- Westinghouse acted as a subcontractor to Northern in developing the innovative direct drive generator subsystem. Turbine certification testing was carried out at the National Renewable Energy Laboratories National Wind Test Site at Rocky Flats, CO. This resulted in a Type Testing Conformity Statement for safety, loads, performance, noise, and power quality. In addition, in February 2004, the NW 100/19 became the first wind turbine to receive a design conformity state- ment through Underwriters Laboratories (UL) to IEC 61400-1. Northern wind turbines installed at the South Pole and the Antarctic coast have operated in more extreme conditions than any other turbines, includ- ing winds to 88.5 m/s (198 mph) and temperatures to -80°C (-112°F) This experience gained in harsh, remote conditions has been incorporated into key NW100/19 design decisions affecting configuration, materials selection, performance characteristics, and deployment procedures. Northern’s NorthWind HR3 simple, reliable design is engineered to operate unat- tended in harsh environ- ments where system avail- ability must exceed 99%. www.northernpower.com The NorthWind® HR3™ high-reliability wind tur- bine from Northern Power Systems supplies power for telecommunications, radar, pipeline control, navi- gational aids, cathodic protection, and water pump- ing on all seven continents. The HR3 is engineered to operate unattended in harsh environments where system availability must exceed 99%. As sole power source, the HR3 provides primary power for high-reliability applications having loads up to 1000 watts continuous where wind speeds average over 6m/s (14-15 mph). In larger capacity TelePower™ and MicroGrid™ systems, the HR3 complements photovoltaic arrays and fuel-fired generators. The HR3 is a reliable, low-cost choice at sites where the installation, fueling, operating, and maintenance costs of alternative sources of power are high. For over a decade, Northern Power Systems has installed HR3 wind turbines in the north and south polar regions, and these systems have compiled exceptional operating records. Since January of 1985, the National Science Foundation’s Black Island satellite earth station has been powered by a hybrid MicroGrid power system which includes HR3 tur- bines as key system components.A 3.2kW North Wind HR3 turbine installed at the onset of the 1998 winter season at the Amundsen-Scott South Pole Research Station has been operating reliably in temperatures as low as -99 degrees F. Northern Power Systems’ NorthWind HR3 PRODUCT OVERVIEW Simple, Reliable Design Generator Assembly The generator, a three-phase, twelve pole alternator, produces 3kW at 250 rpm. The AC voltage is recti- fied to DC voltage for battery charging. The Lundel- type rotor consists of two, six fingered castings, opposed on the alternator shaft, with a solenoid- type field coil wound around the steel core between them. The long life and efficiency of the Lundel configuration has been confirmed by its almost universal use in the trucking industry. Saddle Assembly The alternator, rotor, and VARCS are mounted on the saddle. The HR3 tail, attached to the saddle, ori- ents the system to changes in wind direction. The saddle rotates freely on a large yaw bearing for smooth operation and long life. Multiple slip rings and collector brushes assure maximum power to the load and are easily accessible for maintenance. Features Passive Rotor Control The HR3's Variable Axis Rotor Control System (VARCS) includes a torsion spring against which the rotor and generator tilt to control RPM and power in any wind speed. It provides both overspeed con- trol and a maintenance shut down mechanism while allowing the use of a fixed pitch rotor assembly and a fixed tail assembly. The VARCS eliminates the need for a mechanical brake. >> Northern Power Systems designs, builds and installs ultra-reliable electric power system solutions for industrial, commercial and government customers worldwide. Since our founding in 1974, we have installed over 800 systems in 40 countries on all seven continents. Headquarters: Northern Power Systems 182 Mad River Park Waitsfield, VT 05673 USA Phone: 877-496-2955 Fax: 802-496-2953 California Office: Northern Power Systems 33 New Montgomery Street, Suite 1280 San Francisco, CA 94105 USA Phone: 415-543-6110 Fax: 415-543-6105 www.northernpower.com Copyright, 2003, Northern Power Systems, Inc. Alll rights reserved. Northern Power Systems, the Yellow N Logo and ‘power without limits’ are trademarks of Northern Power Systems, Inc. pdb_NWHR3_1.0let nN Northern A Distributed Energy Systems Company Field Proven Electrical System A direct drive, slow speed Lundel alternator elimi- nates the need for a gearbox. Pulse-width modula- tion of the alternator field provides continuous volt- age regulation. The charging voltage is field adjustable within 1% to allow for the precise matching of sys- tem output to load and battery requirements. High Performance Materials High strength alloy steel resists embrittlement and will not fracture at any temperatures encountered in nature. Construction features full penetration, stress- relieved welds. The VARCS spring is cryogenically treated to tolerate extremes of cyclic loading. Corrosion resistant materials including copper-free aluminum alloys are used throughout the turbine and have been carefully selected to prevent galvanic reac- tions. C-Lam Wood Composite Blades C-Lam Wood Composite Blades combine the superi- or flexibility and fatigue resistance of natural wood fibers with the durability of penetrating epoxy resins and two-part urethane coatings. Leading edge protec- tion is state of the industry and helicopter proven. Benefits Reliability NorthWind HR series turbines have logged more than 2.5 million hours of operation—many at sites near both the North and South Pole—with system availability exceeding 99%. Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF) estimates are greater than 105,000 hours. Maintainability Preventative maintenance is required only once each year. Design life is 25 years. Electronic components are mounted at ground level for easy accessibility. Rugged, Simple Design With just three moving assemblies, the HR3 was engineered for substantial safety. Survivability Installed HR series turbines have survived winds in excess of 90 m/s (190 mph) and temperatures below -75 degrees F. System design loading accommodates three inches of radial ice on all parts of the machine. Ice build-up within this range does not restrict tur- bine rotation, and blade flexibility encourages shed- ding. Sealed construction and weather-tight fittings are field proven. Ease of Installation An HR3 and tower can be installed in one day with- out a crane. Both are readily transportable to remote sites. Cost Savings The HR3 can provide highly reliable power without any fuel costs at remote installations. HR3 systems require much less maintenance than comparable diesel-based power systems. VARCS System = Reliability The VARCS spring and the pitch-hinge mechanism are matched with the characteristics of the HR3 rotor and alternator. This one simple, durable mecha- nism combines the critical functions of rotor speed control, high wind protection, automatic reset, and manual shutdown. As dynamic pressure on the rotor disc increases in winds over 26 mph (12 m/s), the rotor/alternator assembly pitches back from the hor- izontal to the vertical axis. The degree of pitch-back governs the rotational speed of the turbine and is regulated by the VARCS spring. The rugged spiral tor- sion spring, mounted on the saddle assembly, resists pitch-back and resets the machine automatically as wind speed decreases. Technical Description SmartView™ A Powerful Standards-Based Generation Asset Management Solution OVERVIEW Benefits Northern Power System's SmartView SCADA solu- * Convenient and cost-effective remote access tion is a system of hardware and software that pro- + Easy to use AT A GLANCE... vides the capability to monitor and control geo- z a ; nee e oem + Flexible communications options lorthern’s SmartView oo . graphically distributed assets from anywhere in the software offers customers + Predictive, preventative maintenance world. SmartView specializes in aggregating data fleet-level and local a . indicati for rapi from many sources and providing access to that patiy indication\cliproblems forrapid monitoring, flexible response data in a flexible, standards-based way. graphical interface * Secure and safe remote operation a ‘ Features connectivity, real-time * Enhances system performance data acquisition, web * Fleet-level and local monitoring of acter and Ray ther geographically distributed assets * Reduces cost to maintain and operate distributed/remote assets key features. + Flexible graphical interface connectivity including Web browser + Real-time data acquisition using the OPC Data Access standard * Historical data, alarms and events, and trending using the ODBC standard + Execution of supervisory control using dual-phase commit * Automated alarm report- ing via email and pager * Automated data reporting >»> www.northernpower.com Site 1 [Generator switchgear Any standard field bus protocol eet etc.) S On site generator ae Ga PLC System Site 2 Microturbine f£ RTU ‘Any standard field bus protocol (Modbus, K Sequence, etc.) SmartView system architecture System Architecture The SmartView SCADA system is made up of up to four products, depending on the needs of the application. Each site is equipped with a Remote Terminal Unit (RTU), which is the hardware platform designed for the needs of a particular application. It can be anything from an embedded single-board computer to an industrial site computer. SmartView Site Manager runs on the RTU, and is connected directly to the I/O devices. Site Manager collects data continuously and stores it locally in a database. If a local human-machine interface is required, SmartView HMI can be installed to locally view real time, alarm, trend, event, and historical data for the site. The centralized Gateway resides at Northern Power Systems, and runs the SmartView Web application, which collects the data and pres- ents it to the User with a browser-based HMI. Using the Internet or a Fleet Operating Center Production User Production User Gateway Server! Data Server Enterprise User modem, the RTU at each remote site connects to the centralized Gateway and updates the Gateway database with Tag Reports on a periodic basis, or with Event Reports on a report-by-exception basis. If a customer has more than one site, SmartView fleet Manager pres- ents summary information for all sites in the fleet, or for a group of sites specific to a user. The user can drill down to a particular site to view real-time data (updated as fast as possible over its data connec- tion), acknowledge alarms, perform a trend study, reset a fault, or even change a set point, securely and reliably. Flexible The architecture of SmartView was designed to permit maximum flex- ibility. This means that a Remote Terminal Unit (RTU) running SmartView Site Manager can communicate with virtually any control or sensing device using a standard field bus. Whether it's an engine controller, a power meter, or a PLC, SmartView communicates with the device by using an OPC Server, which converts that protocol into o> AS dedi ened cel Si SS || Elle Edit Yiew Favortes Tools Help | | saBack » => - & (2) | Qsearch (ayFavortes Address [ _http://smartview|nps-gateway.com/FleetMap.asp pela ad wen 8 ee aS BS La a Ge time vi me — Historic Data }@ Niko Hotel: 564 kWE ome Bi Sia S fe Pokka Beverage: 217 we y ; ’ 2 gat Timestamp: | 12:04:22 Scan Time (ms): | 141 Local intranet a common software language. Once the data has been written to the database, any ODBC-compliant application can access that data Versatile SmartView was designed from the start to accommodate a wide vari- ety of users, from plant operators to fleet managers. Local screens with real-time data, alarms, and trends provide the Production user with the information needed to make critical decisions. At the same time, summary data is collected by the remote RTUs at the individual remote sites and passed to the Gateway to provide the Enterprise user with performance data reports for management decisions. Users can monitor the performance of a remote system through the SmartView Web website, with multiple password-protected levels of access. The versatility of SmartView assures that any information in a system can be made available to any authorized user, no matter where they are COMMUNICATIONS OPC Data is brought into SmartView Site Manager using an OPC Server. An OPC Server can support different market segments by adding soft- ware drivers to support a wide variety of field bus protocols including * Modbus Serial * Modbus RTU * Modbus Open >> Bb Eek ened uis File Edit Yiew Favorites Tools Help | seBack ~ > ~ @ (2) | search fajravorites Bristory | Gr S W-G8 | | Address fa http://smartview.nps-gateway.com/FieetSummary.asp ad NORTHERN (Smariview Poy [Rooreltig baal) eee Historic Data eae] PERCE EL SE | etter 12:03:28 Scan Time (ms): |141 \€] {EE Local intranet j Fleet Summary — web browser HMI. * AutomationDirect K Sequence + AllenBradley Ethernet * GE Fanuc SNP * BACnet * Many more Any of these drivers could be used, even simultaneously, to bring data into the SmartView system. ODBC Real-time data, trends, historic data, events and alarms are stored in an ODBC-compliant SQL database. This data can then be accessed and displayed using the SmartView application suite, or by any commercial HMI application that supports ODBC standards, without concern for proprietary formatting. THE HUMAN MACHINE INTERFACE (HMI) With its standards-based architecture, there is a great deal of flexibility in how data is displayed with the SmartView system. Local Interface In many cases, the customer will want HMI capability to view site sys- tem data locally. For example, an on-site generation customer can con- nect the SmartView RTU directly to the LAN in the building for local data access. In this case, SmartView HMI can be run from the 2 Plant agli Cog 2 "] cog3|"] Bor |"| Pert | Alarms| events: Pe ea Genset 1 01 Cooler EE | EE ‘Status: Buning Panel Switch. Active Moces: Genset 2 HE. EEE Status: Panel Switch Active Modes: Genset 3 EEE 5 ME» Status: Panel Switch: Active Modes 215) x} Steam Bypass Cond. Engine Exhaust Time Active Time Cleared | Time Acked SmartView RTU, or on a PC connected to the LAN anywhere in the facility. The SmartView RTU can also be accessed across the LAN by third party HMI packages that support ODBC data standards, to allow integration of the SmartView data into an existing system. Northern can provide whatever local HMI solution meets the needs of the customer. Gateway Access A key advantage of SmartView over other SCADA packages is that it specializes in monitoring fleets of remote power systems. Since data is aggregated in the gateway, the User can view summary information about their Fleet by connecting to the gateway via SmartView Web, or connect directly to a particular site. Here is one typical scenario of how SmartView can be used. A user browses to the SmartView Web website, and logs into the sys- tem. Pending authorized access, they are directed to a graphical page that displays summary information about their fleet, such as a map with an overlay of user sites. From there, the user can browse to the Fleet Summary page, where they can filter their fleet data in logical groupings, called Collections. For example, they may want to view only their wind farms, or only the sites in a particular state When a user wants to drill down on a particular site, the SmartView Fleet Manager at the Gateway and Site Manager at that site RTU establish a connection that enables the HMI application to be updated continually, as fast as the connection permits. This could be directly over the Internet, or through a modem connection to an ISP, or directly to the RAS Server at Northern. a> Plant | Cog 1 "| cog2| "| cog 3 “| pop |"| Perf | Alarms JEvents: Tea) Genset 1 oil Cooler ese |. [J cogen unit 1: Mechanical Detail Status < Natural Gas < oes Exhaust Manifold TZHH maj] LILI x ~ psig Lube Oil Gallery local HMI access CONTROL * Two clients cannot simultaneously control the same thing SmartView is capable of executing supervisory control functions, such * The same client who completed the arm must perform the 5 z operation as commanding a generator on or off, resetting a fault condition, or acknowledging an alarm. Control is executed in a highly secure two- * A lost connection will not result in a vulnerable control tag phase procedure, called Arm and Operate. In this procedure, a particu- These are essential qualities of a reliable SCADA system. lar tag is first locked or armed for operation for a defined period of N time, pending authorization. Once the arm has been issued to the EARS AND EVENTS client, the client can either execute the write (operate) or cancel. If Alarms and Events are defined in the RTU, and are triggered using any for some reason the client does neither, the arm will time out and expression supported by SQL, including arithmetic expressions and release. If the operate is successful, a confirmation message is returned many common functions. The expression can be a boolean or digital to the client. expression that evaluates to true or false, or by a numeric or analog is expression that evaluates to a value, setpoint or limit. If that expres- The Arm and Operate procedure insures: P Pt sion changes from one scan to the next, a record is stored in the * Only authorized access for control ea ea See Tait) Time Online (Hours) Energy Produced (kWh) Inst, Wind Speed (m/s) ° Wind turbine overview — local HMI access Event Table on the RTU. All alarms are events but not all events are alarms. Alarms are managed by the Alarm Page, a dedicated table in the SmartView Site Manager database on the RTU where each record corresponds to one active alarm. Time stamps are recorded when an Alarm occurs, is cleared, and when it is acknowledged. The SmartView HMI can display this table directly to inform the user of the alarm sta- tus of the site. The SmartView Site Manager can also generate an automatic service call via pager or email notification. When any event, alarm or otherwise, changes state, an event report can automatically be generated from the SmartView Site Manager on the RTU to SmartView Web on the gateway. In this way, any time an event changes or an alarm becomes active, the gateway will be updat- ed and the alarm will be displayed to the next user to access the fleet information via web browser from anywhere in the world. This capa- bility is called report-by-exception which ensures the quickest notifica- tion of changes or anomalies to the system. TRENDS Any tag can be configured to have a trend, which is stored in a table in the database. The HMI can display any trend in a flexible charting tool that has the following features: * Multi-pen strip chart + Two Y axis scales * Pen color and line type assignment for each variable + Y-axis assignment for each variable + Drag box zoom >> Northern Power Systems designs, builds and installs ultra-reliable electric power system solutions for industrial, commercial and government customers worldwide. Since our founding in 1974, we have installed over 800 systems in 45 countries on all seven continents. Headquarters: Northern Power Systems 182 Mad River Park Waitsfield, VT 05673 USA Phone: 877-496-2955 Fax: 802-496-2953 California Office: Northern Power Systems 33 New Montgomery Street, Suite 1280 San Francisco, CA 94105 USA Phone: 415-543-6110 Fax: 415-543-6105 www.northernpower.com Copyright, 2003, Northern Power Systems, Inc. All rights reserved Northern Power Systems, the Yellow N Logo and ‘power without limits’ are trademarks of Northern Power Systems, Inc pdb_smartview_|.0tab a Northern NORTHERN MID(MAX(CONCAT (times. AVG(Gen_PhA_Cur) AVG(Gen_PhC_Cur) ‘AvG(Gen_Rated_kW) MID(MAX(CONCAT (times. AVG(Gen_Volt) MID(MAX(CONCAT (times. MID(MAX(CONCAT (times. ee a ead 3 ert Pe (Boone Pstart ||| lindo. -te..| Femcroset e..| FEcosote | (vsualsour..| Syeineneu... | Caimeserver.. | tract -m. Historic Data — web browser HMI + Print plot + Save settings Tag data can also be displayed together with Event and Alarm data. HISTORIC DATA The flexibility of SmartView allows data to be col- lected and stored in whatever configuration is nec- essary for the application. If local access is impor- tant, the local database can be configured to store multiple-time-based tables for real-time data, maxi- mum trending capability, as well as long-term statis- tical information. If data redundancy is important, the data can be uploaded to the gateway database, which operates on a RAID platform and insures against data loss due to hard disk failure, on a peri- odic basis. If a small, low-cost RTU is more impor- tant, an embedded single board computer with only non-volatile memory can be used to primarily move data to the gateway. In short, SmartView can be configured to meet the most demanding data and [i tecalitranet fe}smarve [Ee 2s7em cost requirements. REPORTS Reporting is a critical function for any SCADA sys- tem. SmartView can be configured to provide reports in a variety of formats and mediums. A Web-based Report can be generated as needed using the Historic Data page. On this page, the User can define a custom database query using a graphi- cal interface, view the data in a plot, or save the data to a file. Any desired periodic report can be generated in SmartView and sent to a user via email or fax, including: + Load profile + Energy generation summary * Cost of energy * Generation efficiency * Many more NORTHERN POWER SYSTEMS CONTACT: Amy Klinger Northern Power Systems 802-496-2955, ext. 289 aklinger@northernpower.com Chris Prew Tiziani & Whitmyre 781-793-9380 cprew@tizinc.com www.northernpower.com Northern a) Ont PRESS RELEASE Northern Power Systems to Negotiate on $8.3 Million NREL Contract to Develop an Advanced, Direct-drive Wind Turbine for Low-wind Speed Sites Funding is catalyst for developing new power generating turbines for widespread use WAITSFIELD,VT - April 6, 2004 - Northern Power Systems, a subsidiary of Distributed Energy Systems Corp. (NASDAQ: DESC), has been selected to negotiate for a cooperative research agreement with the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) to develop a 2 Megawatt (MW) direct drive wind turbine for low wind speed sites. One of 2! public-private partnerships designed to expand the potential of U.S. wind development through technology advances, the contract negotiation is for one of only two full system development awards. U.S. Deputy Secretary of Energy Kyle McSlarrow made the announcement recently at the wind industry's Global WINDPOWER 2004 Conference in Chicago. The wind energy project is proposed at a value of approximately $8.3 million over a four-year period. The contract award is subject to negotiation of final funding levels and project work scope by the DOE's National Renewable Energy Laboratory, which will oversee the contract. Under the terms of the award, Northern plans to design, build, erect and test a 2 MW wind turbine capable of more cost-effective energy production at low wind speeds. The effort extends the work Northern has done in collaboration with NREL to develop permanent magnet, direct-drive, variable-speed drive train tech- nology for use in MW-class wind turbines under the DOE WindPACT Program. "This opportunity to partner again on wind turbine R&D with the DOE will enable Northern Power Systems to continue to advance the state of the art in wind turbine design," noted Clint "Jito" Coleman, president of Northern. "We believe there is strong market potential for wind turbines optimized for low wind speed applications," Coleman added. In a recent press release announcing the DOE's new industry partnerships, McSlarrow said, "The Nation's vast wind energy resources can play a much larger role in our energy supply portfolio." He continued, "These industry and university partnerships will help develop next generation wind technology and open the door to wind power at many locations around the country that otherwise would not be cost-competitive.” "This new initiative is indicative of the strong support of the DOE for wind energy and a commitment to work with innovative companies to tap the nation’s wind energy potential," noted Coleman. "We believe this effort will contribute to the accelerated development of a commercial wind turbine that will be well suited to low-wind sites, many of which are readily accessible to a utility transmission grid," Coleman added. >> Northern Power Systems designs, builds and installs ultra-reliable electric power system solutions for industrial, commercial and government customers worldwide. Since our founding in 1974, we have installed over 800 systems in 40 countries on all seven continents. The company is a wholly owned sub- sidiary of Distributed Energy Systems Corp. Headquarters: Northern Power Systems 182 Mad River Park Waitsfield, VT 05673 USA Phone: 877-496-2955 Fax: 802-496-2953 California Office: Northern Power Systems 33 New Montgomery Street, Suite 1280 San Francisco CA 94105 USA Phone: 415-543-6110 Fax: 415-543-6105 www.northernpower.com Copyright, 2004, Northern Power Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Northern Power Systems, the Yellow N Logo and ‘power without limits’ are trademarks of Northern Power Systems, Inc. pr_doe_lowwind_l.Ilet J Northern A Distributed Energy Systems Company About Northern Power Systems, Inc. Northern Power Systems, Inc. designs, builds and installs reliable power solutions for commercial, industrial, government, and military customers. The company also conducts research and development in the areas of renewable energy, distributed generation and hydrogen technology. Since its founding in 1974, Northern has installed over 800 systems in 45 countries on all seven continents. Northern Power Systems, Inc. is head- quartered in Waitsfield, Vermont and employs 100 people with engineering, fulfillment, and customer-support capabilities. The company is a wholly owned operating unit of Distributed Energy Systems Corp. For more information, visit www.northernpower.com. About Distributed Energy Systems Corp. Distributed Energy Systems Corp. (Nasdaq: DESC) creates and delivers products and solutions to the emerg- ing decentralized energy marketplace, giving users greater control over their energy cost, quality, and reliabili- ty. As the parent company of Proton Energy Systems, Inc. (www.protonenergy.com) and Northern Power Systems, Inc., Distributed Energy Systems delivers a combination of practical, ready-today energy solutions and the solid business platforms for capitalizing on the changing energy landscape. For more information, visit www.distributed-energy.com. This press release contains forward-looking statements for purposes of the safe harbor provisions under The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Statements contained herein concerning Northern's and Distributed Energy's goals, guidance, revenue projections and other statements that are not statements of historical fact may be deemed to be forward-looking information. Without limiting the foregoing, words such as “anticipates”, “believes”, “could”, “estimate”, “expect”, “intend”, “may”, "might", “should”, “will”, and “would” and other forms of these words or similar words are intended to identify forward-looking information, Northern's and Distributed Energy's actual results may differ materially from those indicated by these forward-looking statements as a result of various important factors. Northern Power Systems and Distributed Energy each disclaim any obligation to update these forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause results to differ materially from those contained in Northern's and Distributed Energy's forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, our failure to complete development of our products, failure of our products to achieve commercial acceptance, our inability to expand our production facilities, manufacture our products at commercially acceptable costs or establish distribution relationships, the impact of competitive products, failure to realize the anticipated benefits of the Distributed Energy/Northern merger, and other factors detailed in Distributed Energy's Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2003, and other filings Distributed Energy may make from time to time with the SEC. Breteler. mm ey Wire tits] ‘oe Btls : 2 Phenerig Independent R&D Organizations = I-1 | AVS/Semicon SW ¥ Pd Teel) $1 Research Pca Development ais eee Ae Pe ome) ‘¥)) | ae ay pv Pam < — a B&D ft eae R&D 100 Awards Winners Reveal 21st Century Technologies This year’s winning products are more intelligent, environmentally safer, and more cost-effective than their competitors, giving you a look at the continuing technological improvements in our world, he 2000 R&D 100 Awards marks the 38" consecutive year that the editors of R&D Magazine and a select group of technology specialists have chosen the top 100 products introduced into the marketplace over the past year. R&D 100 winning products are chosen for their “technological sig- nificance” over competing products and tech- nologies. So what features does a “technologically sig- nificant" product need to have to win an R&D 100 Award? Thirty-eight years ago the winners includ ed nine laser products—lasers had just been invented and a host of applications were being developed—so strong technology definitely has a role in the selection process. Other 1963 ; winners included six plastic materials, three fuel cells, two “interesting instruments,” and six “promising products” so win- ners are not restricted to a nar- row range of technologies. If any- thing, this year's winners have become more environmentally conscious, more biological, more intelligent, and smaller than those selected in 1963. They also include no less than eight plastic materials—a technology that obviously continues to grow. This year’s R&D 100 winners include a device that generates “free” electric power at the South Pole, a product that's used to safely replace damaged spinal disk elements, a material that enables “solid-state” actuation of control surfaces for aircraft, a foam that detoxifies nerve agents, overhead lights that “talk” to the visually impaired, and even sensors that detect knife failures in tools that slice 28 potatoes/sec into franch fries. How's that for variety? Winners in 1963 included six products from General Electric, two from IBM, and two from Dow Chemical. This year's winners include four from Nalco Chemical, one from IBM, and one from Dow Chemical so old and new companies alike con- tinue to win. Because it was a brand new pro gram, winners in 1963 were restricted to US industrial organizations, Winners this year repre- sent the truly global R&D community with non-US winners coming from Russia, New Zealand, Japan, England, Germany, and Switzerland, along with numerous universities and government labs This year’s winners truly represent the “best of the best.” We congratulate those who won on their magnificent accomplishments. We invite you to read about these products in this year’s expanded coverage. Wind Turbine Operates in Severe Conditions Many remote towns and villages, particularly in cold climate locations, are not connected to major utility clec- trical grids. They rely on local grids powered by diesel generators. This can be an expensive and environmentally hazardous alternative because it uses considerable amounts of fuel that must be shipped in and stored. The North Wind 100/20 Wind Turbine was created to combat these problems The state-of-the-art wind turbine has 20-m diameter blades and 100- kw capacity, providing enough electricity for 25 to 50 average homes. [t was specifically designed for reliable operation and easy maintenance under severe cold or other harsh operating conditions. The turbine has a direct-drive generator that eliminates the need for a gearbox——which would require heating for lubrica- tion oil to remain effective at extreme low tempera tures. Gearbox oil requires changing, filtering, leak repair, and monitoring, which can be problematic in harsh weather. Until now, direct drives were cost-pro- hibitive for large turbines, With recent advances in power electronics, though, slow speed electrical gen- eration can be converted/inverted into high-quality, utility-grade power, The North Wind 100/20 matches a50- to 63-rpm generator to a low and variable-speed turbine instead of using gears to mesh to an 1800-rpm generator, Other adaptations for the extreme weather require- ments include an enclosed tower with stairs and a con- trol panel allowing maintenance to be done without exposure to the weather. The turbine can be tilted into position after assembly, so no crane is required for assembly. Blade brakes, which tend to have problems in adverse conditions, were replaced with a simple, fail-safe, combination of electrodynamic and disc brakes. The turbine was created by researchers at the DOE's National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Gold- en, Colo., with help from Norther Power Systems Inc., Waitsfield, Vt., NASA, Moffett Field, Calif., and the National Science Foundation, Arlington, Va. www.nrel.gov Write in 2096 Solid State Aerospace Actuator Noise and vibrations can be bothersome and reduce the structural life of aircraft, naval, automo- live, and civil engineering components. This can cost millions of dollars in repairs and maintenance. A new rigid, lightweight piezoceramic actuator can be placed on practically any structure, ¢ven ones with apprecia- ble curves, to eliminate these effects. The NASA Lan- gley Research Center Macro-Fiber Composite Actuator (LaRC-MFC) is a low-cost, high perform- ance and endurance device, with 50 to 100% greater force and motion output than any similar, previously available, solid-state actuator. The LaRC-MFC actuators are self contained, ready to use encapsulated devices. They are com- posed of three basic parts: a sheet of aligned piezoce- ramic fibers, a pair of thin polymer films etched with a conductive electrode pattern, and an adhesive matrix material. This combination is cost effective to produce in small quantities and extremely low-cost to produce in larger quantities. Final assembly of the actuator is simple and only requires an adhesive, such as a struc- tural epoxy, and the application of heat and pressure. The device ts reliable, uniform, and stable in opera tion. The actuators can also be used to provide high www.rdmag.com fidelity dynamic strain and vibration measurements, Creat- ed by researchers at NASA Lan- gley Research Center, Hamp- ton, Va., the LaRC-MFC can be used for moveable, aerodynamic control surfaces for reducing drag. NASA-Langley is already using the actuator in several advanced aerospace applica- tions. The LaRC-MFC is being evaluated to control vibrations in extremely large, lightweight, deployable spacecraft structures. Struts can be used to form the frame work of extremely large, vibration free orbiting antennae and telescope mirrors, which would theoret- ically be large enough and stable enough, duc to these actuators, to see planets orbiting other stars- www.nasa.gov Write in 2098 Device Avoids Cable Noise Silence is golden. Especially for the capabilities of the Model 6430 Sub-Femtoamp Remote Source R&D Magazine. September 2000 97 THE NORTH WIND NW100/20 Simplicity by Design One North Wind Road - Waitsfield, VT 05673-0999 Tel: 802-496-2955 - Fax: 802-496-2953 WebSite Address: www.northernpower.com RENEWABLE ENERGY A) ED, REVIEW ISSUE 2002-2003 PLUS DIRECTORY OF SUPPLIERS Wind power * Biomass Solar electricity Solar thermal * Ocean energy world market share was 15.2%, according to BTM Consult. Equally innovative, but commercially much less successful, is Lagerwey the Windmaster. The 2 MW, LW 72-Zephyros prototype of the only Dutch supplier of large wind turbines was erected early in 2002 near Rotterdam. However, the series product will be sold under the auspices of a new owner. According to Michiel van Schaik, the new general manager of the company (speaking in mid-June 2002) the sale of Lagerwey is to be concluded shortly - amongst four potential takeover parties, Jeumont Industrie and ABB are the most widely rumoured names. The latter developed the innovative permanent magnet generator, inverter and all additional systems to connect the LW 72 to the grid. Jeumont so far has only six 750 kW J48 turbines operational at Widehem (near Dunkirk, France). It is working on a larger 1.5 MW J70/J77 prototype, to be installed before the end of the year. Permanent magnet generators Unlike Enercon, the 750 kW Lagerwey series and the Spanish 1.5 MW MTorres TWT 1500, the majority of newcomers do now prefer a permanent magnet generator (PMG) solution. Among potential PMG advantages are a simplified generator design, and by drive technologies. The study has been funded by the US Department of Energy’s (DOE) National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). As part of the plans, General Dynamics will design the PMG, and NPS will serve as co-ordinator and system integrator. The plan is to build the first prototypes by the second quarter of next year. Testing and certification is planned for completion later in 2003. Rotor current control ... an opportunity for the US market? The German generator manufacturer Weier is a pioneering company that developed the asynchronous rotor current control (RCC) generator nearly a decade ago. During gusty wind conditions the system enables a maximum increase in nominal rotor speed of +10%. This is achieved by an instant increase in generator slip, as a response to a wind gust hitting the rotor. The system is activated by power electronics that typically react a hundred times faster than the hydraulics that activate and operate the blade pitch system. Vestas of Denmark is so far the only wind turbine supplier that has adapted and commercialized the system, with immense success. The Vestas trade name is OptiSlip®, and the technology has been introduced in various Vestas turbines ranging in size from 600 kW to 1.65 MW. In 2000, Vestas followed the dominant industry comparison, superior partial load efficiency characteristics. A surprising newcomer in the direct drive segment is US-based Northern Power Systems (NPS) who presented a new 1.5 MW design featuring patented PMG technology, the NorthWind 1.5/70 at Hamburg. The turbine is intended for land-based applications, and addresses the need to optimize rotor size across a range of wind regimes. The mechanical design seeks to minimize part count and O&M costs through the use of a single main bearing solution, as other recent direct drive designs have done. Among the similarities is a compact and easy-to-transport PMG with a 3.8 metre diameter, and a single ‘main shaft’ bearing that supports the generator rotor (rotating part) and the rotor assembly. The huge (and relatively costly) single main bearing solution not only simplifies the design, but also offers easy access to essential controls in the rotor hub. NPS development partners include General Dynamics, a US-based aerospace technology company, and Cantarey Reinosa of Spain. The latter is at the moment a main contractor for the Lagerwey LW 52 ring generator manufacture. The consortium already conducted a comparative drivetrain concept study, which evaluated gear-driven induction, gear-driven permanent magnet, and direct AS trend and introduced full-range variable speed (OptiSpeed™) in the 850 kW, 1.75 MW and 2 MW models. After even Vestas had changed to variable speed, the days of the relatively simple OptiSlip or RCC technology seemed numbered. Full-range variable speed simply offers too many advantages, such as power output limitation on demand and programmable grid support functions. That picture may, however, soon change. The main reason for this is a disputed patent on variable speed (VS) operation, which is currently in the hands of GE Wind Energy. It effectively bans all other suppliers of variable speed systems entrance to the lucrative US market with these products. Manufacturers from all over the world are searching for solutions to circumvent the variable speed patent, especially after the recent extension of the PTC for wind energy. Vestas has already chosen to develop a 1.8 MW OptiSlip version of the V80 turbine for the US market. Weier therefore appears in an excellent position to make a delayed hit with its ready-to-use RCC system, serving other customers eager to become active in the US. Desalination Companies in different parts of the world are working on wind-powered water desalination solutions. They PROJECT PROFILE PROJECT PROFILE * CALIFORNIA BOTTLING PLANT With utility rates rising and reliability from an aging grid decreasing, many companies in the US are seeking to take control over their power supply through on-site generation. And, a growing amount of hardware specifically designed for on-site generation has enabled smaller facilities to enjoy the benefits once realized only by much larger energy consumers. James McNamara and Jan Tierson describe one small-scale CHP installation and its integrated controls strategy, and a hybrid wind-diesel system installed at a remote site in Alaska. CHP powers California bottling plant okka USA, a subsidiary Pp: Coca-Cola Bottling Company, located about 80 km north of San Francisco, USA, received an integrated control strategy to address a key operational challenge. Pokka had recently in has experienced an increas annual electricity costs of over 50%, due to rate in i California. To reduce operating Pokka was forced to production to off-peak shifts, which was workforce. costs, move more disrupting — its Pokka had also experienced 24 power the previous two years. The cost of failures in failures was the production line downtime to these power substantial, from lost output, safety hazards and scheduling disruptions. The solution, provided by Northern Power Systems, was to install a complete, turnkey CHP system consisting of a 1.3 MW natural engine generator producing electricity for the manufacturing — facility parallel with the utility grid. Heat from the engine and gas-fired set in exhaust system is converted into hot water for use in the plant’s pasteurization process. Above all, the system was designed to maximize energy cost savings and to provide uninterrupted electricity to critical process loads during utility outages. GENERATOR CONTROL The integrated project utilizes an control system comprising: @ a supervisory programmable logic controller (PLC) @ a generator power controller © remote terminal unit with The 1.3 MW, self-contained CHP system installed at Pokka USA. touch-screen human iterface software t-based a mucroproces: utility multifunction relay ® associated sensing and control elements. Generator control has two operating modes: cogeneration and standalone. Cogeneration In this mode, the controls establish a minimum (around 5%) forward power flow from the utility with the ge’ tor furnishing all electrical energy in excess of that minimum, up to the rating of the Any power demand above the sum of the generator. Cogeneration and On-Site Power Production march-april 2003 | 53. PROJECT PROFILE minimum import plus the generator rating is met by increased power flow from the utility. Standalone In this mode, the genset provides power to the critical loads of the facility, separated from the utility service. When an anomaly occurs on the utility distribution system, the utility tie-breaker is tripped by the protective relaying, and the generator control mode transitions to independent operation. When the utility distribution is restored to acceptable parameters, the genset is synchronized with the utility service, paralleled and ramped up to the proper loading by the control system. Whenever the generator is operated separately from the utility service, itis operated in a frequency and voltage control mode. Whenever the generator is operated in parallel with the utility service, it is operated in a load and power factor control mode. This control strategy complements a__ protective relaying strategy consistent with a safe and viable generator interconnection with the utility distribution. The central controls enable the system to be dispatched as a function of time of day, day of the week, increasing or decreasing load, real-time signals, combined and electrical efficiency or some price thermal combination of these. The entire system can also be monitored and dispatched remotely through the integrated SCADA system. PROTECTION FEATURES Protective functions must be present to prevent adverse affects on the utility grid. features These must be 54 | march-april 2003 Cogeneration and On-Site Power Production designed to meet the specific requirements of each distribution system. The major objectives are that — the distributed resource (DR) contribution to a fault on the distribution system is limited, that the generator does not adversely affect distribution system protection co- ordination, and that the DR does not conflict with utility fault clearing schemes. Most distribution systems faults are temporary, and can be cleared by interrupting power and extinguishing an arcing fault. Utilities typically employ reclosing schemes in which the power source i interrupted and __ restored usually within a period of several cycles to several ‘onds. When the distribution is interrupted, the DR must come off-line to extinguish the fault and preclude the utility from reclosing the generator while out of synchronization, which can destroy or damage generation and/or distribution equipment. The Pokka system is designed to come off-line within 6-8 cycles when the distribution is interrupted, and to remain off-line until acceptable utility parameters are again detected. Is CRITICAL LOAD SUPPORT Equipped with a digital utility multi-function relay, — the system is capable of detecting a utility failure within several AC cycles and supporting a defined critical load (in this case the highest volume bottling line) during — the outage. Should a utility outage occur during normal operation of the generator, the utility multifunction relay opens the utility tie-breaker, separating the critical load bus from the rest of the plant and failed utility. The generator Although in many ways smaller on-site generation projects can be simpler than their larger counterparts, the controls sophisticated. Functional requirements still include: B utility protection for interconnection plant protection synchronizing and paralleling critical load support heat-recovery control emissions control engine control and alarming dispatch control data collection While this functionality may be found in some hardware, the varying requirements of each job and each location's interconnection requirements are best met \ by an integrated controls performance and continues to power critical loads after the separation. The controls will monitor for, detect, and verify stable utility voltage and automatically synchronize and re-close the utility tie-breaker, returning to normal grid parallel operation. Should the generator be stopped, but on standby, while the utility outage occurs, the engine would be — started — and dispatched to power critical loads. REMOTE TERMINAL UNIT Local full-size colour touch- sereen display is provided. Particular emphasis is placed on display design to make and operation screen Smaller projects requirements can be just as combination of off-the-shelf strategy. In most cases, a systems integrator that brings together best-in- class components, the knowledge of existing and new power technologies, and the experience gained in real-world projects offers the best approach to integrated controls strategy implementation. REDUCED CAPITAL COSTS The most immediate benefits are reduced capital cost and seamless commissioning and maintenance in the field. By integrating the various controls elements for the different systems, duplication and redundancy are eliminated, which significantly lowers installed costs. Because the integrated control system is designed by a controls engineer who fully understands the behaviour, navigation and effective, the unfamiliar. By integrating the SCADA into the — overall controls, all monitored values are available via an OPC server for system and utility status monitoring by other systems in the _ plant. Generator and utility status can be monitored by other proc controllers in the plant. The system integrator is able to better support the generator, responding to warnings or alarms faster and without depending on plant operators. Data reporting features allow the facility operators to assess economic performance of the Although simple even — for $s collection — and system, many need sophisticated controls too prescribed use of the entire system — including all intended and unintended operation modes — users realize maximum performance, ease of operation and safety. During the life of the system, this also means one service call for maintenance. OPTIMIZED DATA AND INFORMATION FLOW An integrated controls strategy also optimizes the flow of data and information and facilitates communication with the building automation system through a single gateway. It enables the remote collection and analysis of operational data in order to detect operational problems, optimize performance and automatically generate reports. A single controller ensures the complete and fast exchange of operational data between all components necessary, allowing the system to be run at maximum efficiency and ensuring the proper response of the entire system to alarm and trip conditions. An integrated SCADA solution provides the capability to monitor and control geographically distributed assets from anywhere in the world. While many disparate monitoring solutions exist, an integrated SCADA system will allow aggregating of data from many sources and provide access to that data in a flexible, standards-based way. The key capabilities of an integrated SCADA solution are: @ fleet-level and local monitoring of geographically distributed assets @ flexible graphical interface connectivity including web browser @ real-time data acquisition using the OPC Data Access standard @ historical data, alarms and events, and trending using the ODBC standard @ execution of supervisory control using dual-phase commit @ automated alarm reporting via e-mail and pager @ automated data reporting. IMPROVED PROTECTION FROM GRID INSTABILITY It is possible to derive still higher value from an on- site CHP system by configuring the electrical connection such that site critical loads are uninterrupted during utility power outage, enhancing the payback of the project. Intelligent integration of protective Cogeneration and On-Site Power Production march-april 2003 | 55. PROJECT PROFILE relays and circuit breakers with the CHP control system make the critical load support concept work. Where it is designed and installed as part of the integrated controls package, the economics of installing a facility critical load bus tend to be more favourable than they would be for an isolated effort. The critical loads support approach has particular advantages in that it affords more sensitive protection to isolate from the utility in the event of a utility fault condition. Most importantly, when the critical load system is separate from the grid, it takes a large portion of the customer load off-line with it. This enables the utility distribution feeder to support a load larger than it could support on its own means, and larger than it could support without the presence of the critical load support system. PROJECT PROFILE Northern power systems has installed 800 power systems in 40 countries since its formation in 1974, including many renewables-based hybrid systems. Tanadgusix Corporation (TDX), an Alaskan, native corporation, wanted to disconnect POSS Camp, one of its manufacturing facilities, from the local power grid. Located on the remote island of St. Paul in the Bering Sea, the airport/industrial facility would need power to support a host of airline offices, equipment repair sites, and storage facilities. TDX commissioned Northern Power Systems to design and install an on-site, wind-diesel hybrid power system. Two primary considerations drove the power system design process: reducing overall energy costs for the POSS Camp electrical and heating loads, and maintaining reliable, utility-grade service. Northern Power Systems met these design goals with a high penetration/no storage wind-diesel configuration. High penetration is defined as a high percentage of wind power capacity versus peak load, a system architecture which maximizes the energy contribution of the wind. When wind turbine output exceeds facility load requirements, the diesel engines are shut off. Limiting diesel run-time in this manner increases long-term energy cost savings. St. Paul’s abundant wind resource ensures significant periods of wind-only power production. Power quality must be maintained during normal fluctuations in wind energy output. Small stand-alone power systems typically use batteries to buffer variations in wind and facility loads, as well as to provide energy storage. In larger systems, battery storage is generally not cost-effective. Northern provided ener- gy storage and electrical stability in the TDX system by diverting excess wind energy to a secondary load, consisting of multiple, three-phase resistive heaters switched in binary sequence. The resistive heaters are mounted in a large insulated water tank from which a hydronic loop heats the offices and shop spaces of the TDX facility. The secondary load controller (SLC) switches elements of the binary load on or off to match the total electrical load demand to the power being generated. The SLC acts as the prime bus frequency control during operation at high levels of wind power penetration. This subsystem enhances overall system economics by significantly reducing heating fuel requirements. Utility-sized wind turbines generally employ The 225 kW wind turbine — part of a hybrid wind-diesel power system installed at POSS Camp, Alaska three-phase induction generators, which must be connected to a stable voltage source for excitation and reactive power support. Normally, this source is the utility grid. In the TDX power system, a proprietary Northern synchronous condenser package, complete with auto start controls and a three-phase AC-synchronous alternator coupled with an AC pony motor, provides the required reactive power and load synchronization. Integration of state-of-the- art control technology with traditional, rugged, rotating equipment delivers clean, uninterrupted three-phase AC output. Northern's master controller monitors and manages the operation of all the power system components. As required by conditions, the controller will stop/start the diesel gensets and/or wind turbine, maintain the shelter environment and respond to all alarm functions. Northern’s ‘RemoteView’ software allows the system to be monitored and controlled from off-site locations via telecommunications links. All controls andswitchgear are utility-grade and built to National Electric Code specifications to ensure system protection and personnel safety. Nii Seen eee eRe ae 56 | march-april 2003 Cogeneration and On-Site Power Production system variables are continuously recorded, pre-formatted data-watch files allow quick display of key parameters. Economic parameters can be checked at a glance, allowing Pokka to monitor and confirm the performance of their investment. COGENERATION AND HEAT RECOVERY Existing natural gas-fired boilers produce steam, which is fed to three separate heat exchangers to produce hot water for pasteurizing juice products. Hot water produced at the genset from the engine jacket and exhaust — is circulated through __ the building to the process locations, where it is fed in parallel to the secondary (hot water) side of these existing steam to hot water heat exchangers. The added heat from cogeneration directly offsets steam loading on the existing boilers. A bypass valve on this cogen secondary water loop is modulated to control pressure drop across the process water- to-water heat exchangers. Even if there is marginal hot water demand in the plant, the unit can still produce full electrical output, bypassing the process water systems and rejecting heat via a radiator mounted on the cogen package. This system is fully automated using the integrated system PLC. SYSTEM RESULTS In all, the system will deliver approximately 70% of the Pokka’s electricity and 30% of its hot water needs. The cost savings associated with this particular design will be significant. Converting the waste heat to hot water is expected to reduce — the facility’s boiler gas bill by 25%. The power generated on- site — both for basie and standby power — will cost an average of 6-7 US cents/kWh, which is roughly 8 cents/kWh less than utility power. Overall, the new system is expected to reduce Pokka’s annual energy bill by at least US$600,000. At the same time, the cogen system is more than 70% fuel-efficient, compared to the 30-35% delivered efficiency of utility power. Not only will such efficiency reduce the facility’s green- house gas emissions by over 45%, it will qualify the project for a $600,000 incentive from the California Public Utility Commission (CPUC) Self- Generation Incentive Program — a state-funded programme Cogeneration and On-Site Power PROJECT PROFILE implemented in 2001 to encourage on-site generation to reduce peak demand and avoid the rolling blackouts such as those experienced during the state’s energy crisis that year. The CPUC incentive will reduce the capital expense of the project by 30%. Coupled with the energy cost savings, the system’s payback period will be roughly two and a half years. James McNamara is a Sales Engineer and Jan Tierson is the Lead Electrical Engineer, both with Distributed Generation, Northern Power Systems, Waitsfield, Vermont, USA. Fax: +1 802 496 2953 e-mail: jmcnamara@ northernpower.com and jtierson@northernpower.com Production march-april 2003 | 57 IMPO JUNE 2002 CoversTory ls Power’s Next Generation On-Site? As power interruption becomes less tolerable to manufacturers, the option of generating efficient back-up power at the point of use begins to make sense. By Clint “Jito” Coleman Contributor simple as they once were. In today’s manufacturing and processing plants, where systems are almost com- pletely operated by computers, plant managers face more complex concerns regarding the power that fuels their facil- i ndustry’s electric-power needs are not ities. Issues of power quality and reliabil- ity can now have serious impact on a company’s bottom line, as deviations in Manufacturers looking for off-grid power sources may eventually turn to wind power. It’s the fastest growing segment of the energy industry, with yearly investments in excess of $4 billion. The benefits are many. utility power, voltage, harmonics or out- ages can completely derail a production sequence. The bad news is that while power needs are increasing, the quality of the power we receive is decreasing The good news is there is an easy-to- implement, practical and economical way of overcoming this imbalance in the form of on-site generation. On-site generation does not mean unplugging from the grid. Utilities, in fact, do a tremendous job providing com- munities and busin: with nearly around-the-clock power — power that is recognized as being available 99.99% of the time. Unfortunately, that percentage still means power will be unavailable 01% of the time, or about 52 minutes per year. For operations with stringent performance requirements, this amount of downtime can be devastating. An on- site generation system installed to aug- ment utility-generated power can reduce that 52 minutes to 30 seconds of down- time per year. That means production can run 99.9999% of the time plant manage- ment needs it to, providing “six 9s” of reliability Delivering uninterruptible power Industry has long been aware of the importance of uninterruptible power sources (UPS). Plant managers are find- ing, however, that the lifecycle cost and upkeep of these devices — typically, diesel-engine-powered generators — is high, based on the amount of service they provide. These systems are essen- tially insurance policies that never work except during a loss of power. Those who implement them have a fairly large capi- tal outlay with no return on investment gained from reduced operating costs. In practice, that means the back-up power capabilities are bought and paid for, but almost never used. And when they are, it’s typically for bare-bones needs, not for sustaining normal production. By contrast, on-site genera- tion offers the same level of power guarantee as the traditional UPS, but pro- vides additional value to manu- facturing compa- nies in the form of protection from long-term outage. On-site generation goes beyond a stan- dard UPS system by also reducing the cost of elec- tricity, providing higher efficiency and reducing emissions when compared to util- ity power. At the same time, gen- erating power on-site and using long-term gas contracts can provide a hedge inst electric price volatility by decreasing dependency on the utility and its price fluctuations. What is on- site generation and how does it work? On-site generation is a process by which a facility, rather than purchasing its power from an electric utility, will pro- duce its own electricity at the point where the power is used. A typical on- stem consists of an engine (gener- ally a reciprocating engine), which drives a generator to produce electricity. In by generating on site , >>, > oy Microturbine installations like those pictured in this enhanced image are generally used in hotels and office buildings, but can be adapted for greater industrial loads. They reduce energy costs power during peak utility hours and by recovering waste heat to offset heating and/or cooling loads. most systems, auxiliary equipment is used to recover or reject the heat pro- duced by the engine. That heat can then be used to heat or cool a building or to supply process heat for manufacturing operation: While diesel has been the fuel of choice for equipment used to provide uninterruptible power, new applications www.impomag.com IMPO JUNE 2002 CoverSTORY Continued from page 16 A propane-fueled, combined heat and power (CHP) system that was custom- designed for a coffee-roasting company in Waterbury, VT. fueled by natural gas are becoming more common. Gas microturbines are finding greater acceptance due to the fact that, in addition to providing extended run time and higher performance, the increased heat of combustion offers a cleaner burn. Hydrogen generators, fueled by natural gas, also offer a cleaner alternative by producing hydrogen that can be com- bined with oxygen by a fuel cell to gen- erate electricity and water. Fuel-cell technology is showing a great deal of promise for future applications. Renewable sources of energy such as wind and solar (photovoltaic) power are also gaining in use. The knowledge that has been gained from various general- use installations is now being adapted for use with specific, on-site systems Though the use of renewable sources of energy for on-site generation is not pro- lific in today’s industrial and commercial applications, municipal and state legisla- tors are beginning to offer incentives to businesses to reduce greenhouse-gas emissions, especially in geographic areas where solar and wind conditions are optimal. Photovoltaic and wind-turbine technologies, when blended with on- demand generation from fossil fuels, can create dramatic environmental improve- ments while increasing power quality and reliability, and meeting economic objectives. Is on-site generation for you? To determine if on-site generation appropriate for your operation, there are three needs to assess. If a facility requires one or more, it is a likely candi- date. The needs are: Essential need for power reliability. Because power failure is generally not seen as a direct cost to a manufacturing plant, it’s often difficult for finance exec- utives within a company to articulate the cost of a power outage. But there are many tangible costs that can and should be duction, lost product and, perhaps most importantly, lost customer confidence. Even a brief disruption can shut down an tire day’s output. Companies that can financially quantify the value of increased power reliability are the most likely to see the benefits of diminished, if not eliminated, downtime. ® On-site need for heat. In plants that require heat for processes such as pas- teurization or sterilization, combined heat and power (CHP) systems can be used effectively. CHP, also known as. cogeneration, can be a natural extension of on-site generation. In most cases, it improves the economic benefit of the project by as much as 25% by using the heat produced by on-site power genera- tion. Less-critical uses for such heat include space heat- ing and domestic hot water. @ Need to reduce electrici- ty costs. If you have low gas prices and high electricity prices, on-site makes the most economic sense to implement on a cost-per-kilowatt-hour basis. Even in today’ relative- ly low-priced power markets, the economics of on-site are increasingly winning the day. Another factor to consider is the desire for increased effi- ciency. A plant using a cogen- eration power system, for example, can reach an 80% efficiency level in terms of fuel consumption versus the traditional utility use of fuel, which is closer to 25% This also has an environ- mental benefit, in that the total overall greenhouse gas emissions of the plant will be reduced. There are several states that offer incentives to companies to implement more efficient power systems. In California, for example, such incentives can reduce a pro- ject’s upfront cost by as much as 30%, If return on investment isn’t a good-enough reason to consider on-site cogeneration, the move may be motivated by safety concerns. For example, in facilities that use exother- mic processing such as smelt- ing, roasting and chemical processing, the danger of fire from as little as a 20-cycle power dropout demands that power be absolutely continu- ous. In this case, a CHP sys tem might consist of a 9SkW propane-fueled generator, pro- viding 208v, three-phase power to a critical load panel, which is also served by the utility. The generator would culated: idle workers, reduced pro- This mechanized photovoltaic array maximizes the solar resource by following the sun's progress east to west. ‘A 350kW industrial power station uses up to three fully paralleled gensets (a combination engine/generator) to meet the local grid load for an island-based community power station. Cogeneration can be a natural extension of on-site genera- tion. In most cases, if improves the economic benefit of the project by as much as 25%. operate full time during production. In tained by the generator. the event of an outage or anomaly as Until now, most companies have short as two cycles, the utility-side viewed the power that supplies their cuit breaker would open and the critical operations as separate, assuming that electrical load would be seamlessly sus- consistent power was a given. But to compete in today’s digitally driven marketplace, compa- nies must revise that thinking. The new energy paradigm is that power generation is inte- gral to mission-critical processes and instrumental in helping companies achieve strategic objectives. On-site generation, while not a panacea for every energy need, offers benefits over other power options, includ- ing reduced operating expens- es, minimized risk and reduced pollution. The rapid payback of capi- tal investment in on-site gen- eration opens cogeneration technology to a wide swath of industry, including mid-sized operations. Because these systems can be used as a reg- ular part of production, they generate not just power, but a regular return on investment as well. Q Clint “Jito” Coleman is president and CEO of Northern Power Systems, Waitsfield, VT. The company specializes in providing power-generation systems for industrial applications, espe: cially in harsh environments With more than 25 years experience in the field of dis- tributed energy, Coleman has designed wind turbines as large as 250kW, and hundreds of renewable power systems worldwide. During Coleman's eight-year tenure as presi- dent, Northern Power Systems has substantially increased both its workforce and revenues. In April 2002, Coleman was chosen as Vermont's Small Business Person of the Year by the U.S. Small Business Administration. www.impomag.com INVESTOR'S BUSINESS DAILY FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 22, 2002 INTERNET & TECHNOLOGY Firms Harness Sun, Wind Power Running Remote Sites Some of the newest gear can run for several years without any human help BY DOUG TSURUOKA INVESTOR'S BUSINESS DAILY High-tech monitoring de- vices can be plunked any- where. Gadgets for detect- ing nuclear tests, for in- stance, can be set up on ice floes. Trouble arises in supplying power to such remote sites. Batteries don’t last long, and no power lines exist in places like the North Pole. It’s a nagging problem. And it’s given birth to a new technology that pow- ers high-tech devices in re- mote areas. By harnessing solar and wind power to generate electricity, several firms are developing remote power gear that can run for years without human help. “The challenge lies in pro- viding a power source that’s totally stand-alone,” said Clint Coleman. He’s presi- dent of Northern Power, a small, privately held firm that develops solar- and wind-powered technologies. It’s based in Whitfield, Vt. Technology break- throughs mean it’s getting easier to adapt these remote- site energy devices for hes a “tt This facility on a 6,700-foot mountain in Antartica monitors for compliance with the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty. The site uses solar and wind technology developed by Northern Power. homes and businesses. Another firm in the busi- ness is Shott Applied Power Corp., a Rockland, Calif.- based provider of solar gen- erating tech. Solar And Wind Power Big companies like Gener- al Electric Co. , along with makers of industrial auto- mation devices, also are in the business. GE, for exam- ple, is doing R&D on super- efficient +microgenerators that run on fuel cells, though they aren't ready for market yet, says GE Power Systems spokesman Dennis Murphy. Fuel cells are powerful batteries that use chemi- cals to make electricity. The market for these de- vices is small but growing. For example, the business of providing solar energy to remote sites is growing 15% a year, says Mary Shaffner, a spokeswoman for Shott Applied Power. Worldwide sales for these solar devices were over $2 billion last year. Some of the biggest con- sumers of the technology are governments. Two years ago, Northern Power provided two solar- wind power-generating units to the U.S. Air Force for use in Antarctica. The units power two seis- mic monitors made by Dal- las-based Geophysical Ser- vices and Products Co. The sites check to see if other nations are comply- ing with the Nuclear Test Ban Treaty. The remote power unit is so rugged, it keeps running in temperatures as low as -70 F and in winds of over 200 mph. The power unit heats the containers that shield moni- toring devices from cold. There's also a diesel-based emergency generator if solar and wind power fail. The technology addressed a specific problem. “Crews couldn't get to these sites for months at a time,” said Continued on Next Page Continued From Previous Page Jonathan Lynch, Northern Power's director of technology. “And many sites never made it through the Ant- arctic winter. But our tech gets around this.” Northern Power can use satellite links to monitor this power system from data centers inthe U.S. Lynch says the company has used the technology to power offshore lighthouses and beacons run by the U.S. Coast Guard. And telecoms use it to power phones in places where there are no utilities. Other big users are companies that operate oil and natural gas pipelines. Fear of terrorist attacks and other damage to pipelines is creating a mar- ket for remote sites and the technolo- gy that powers them. This is especially true in the Caspi- an Sea region, where oil firms work- ing with Russia and Central Asian governments finished building a major oil pipeline last year. With Northern Power's help, the pipeline operators built a string of remote power sites. “The Challenge lies in providing a power source that’s totally stand-alone.” Clint Coleman, president, Northern Power Northern Power's Coleman thinks the solar, wind and other technolo- gies could help consumers seeking al- ternative or backup energy systems. "You can translate what we learned in the Caspian and Antarctic to civil- ian use,” Coleman said. The use of solar and wind power de- vices for homes is spotty in the U.S., which trails Europe and Japan in that area. Home-Based Systems But Coleman says more people will use the technology as it improves. Prices are falling for home-based solar and wind systems, which used to cost well over $20,000. Altair Energy LLC, a Golden, Colo.- based maker of solar energy systems, is pushing photovoltaics, which make electricity from sunlight, as a way to power homes in scenic parts ofthe Southwest without electricity. "It can cost lower than $10,000 to do a remote energy-efficient house. But it all depends on your energy needs,” said Pat Saito, an Altair Ener- gy spokeswoman. . Investor’s Business Daily ©) Copyright 2002 NORTHERN POWER SYSTEMS Key Personnel Northern is a full service engineering, procurement and construction contractor with a multidisciplinary staff of over 90, two-thirds of whom hold engineering or technical degrees. Approximately 30 staff members are regularly involved in projects related to wind energy. The following individuals are group leaders in directing and carrying out the range of wind energy engineering and project management that Northern provides to its public and private sector clients. Jito Coleman: President of Northern Power since 1994, Mr. Coleman has been a noted leader in wind energy engineering since 1976, with a broad range of experience in power ratings from 1 kW to 1.5 MW. He holds several patents related to wind turbine design. Gary Norton: Director of Project Management, has been active in the wind energy field since 1979. He was the project manager on five wind farm projects as Director of Field Services for Enertech Corporation and has managed a number of major wind turbine R&D contracts with the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). Jonathan Lynch: Director of Engineering, has been involved in all facets of the Company's system controller development for its wind turbine, isolated power, and telecom business areas since 1980. He directs Northern’s wind turbine design and engineering group, including development of the NW100/19 and NW1.5/70 direct drive turbines, and has been responsible for technical direction of numerous R&D projects funded by agencies such as NREL, National Science Foundation, and NASA. Garrett Bywaters: Senior Engineer, has 10 years experience designing, testing and analyzing performance of wind turbines including Northern’s NW100/19 and NW1.5/70 direct drive turbines. He has managed the program leading to certification of the NW100 turbine by Underwriter’s Laboratories (UL). Mr. Bywaters is a graduate of University of Massachusetts Mechanical Engineering Wind Program and holds masters degrees in mechanical engineering and mathematics. Garth Johnson: Senior Wind Turbine Technician, manages the day-to-day activities of Northern’s technical services contracts at the National Wind Technology Center at NREL. Mr. Johnson has been a wind turbine technician since 1992 and has been responsible for operation of a wind farm of 600 kW turbines and maintenance of the Boeing 3.2 MW Mod-5 turbine in Hawaii. Lawrence Mott: Technical Director for Northern’s Renewable Integration Group, has 15 years of experience in the wind industry including senior positions with wind turbine manufacturer Atlantic Orient Corporation and NRG Systems. Lawrence is responsible for oversight of wind feasibility, wind integration and hybrid renewable projects at Northern. Ed Linton: Senior Engineer with Northern, has over 20 years of wind industry experience including over a decade with US WindPower in Massachusetts and California. At Northern Power he has been lead electrical engineer on a number of innovative projects including the 525 kW high penetration wind/diesel system on St. Paul Island, AK and the development of a Universal Wind/Diesel Controller for NREL. Ed serves as Technical Leader for the Onsite Generation Group, developing wind and hybrid power systems, switchgear, power conversion components and controls. Brendan Taylor: Energy Technology Lab Engineer, has extensive experience performing wind feasibility studies and executing complete engineering procurement and installation packages. This activity has included the use of complex modeling and simulation packages such as Hybrid2, which he helped develop at the Renewable Energy Research Lab (RERL) as part of receiving his masters degree from the Mechanical Engineering Wind Program at the University of Massachusetts. Jeff Petter: Senior Research and Development Engineer. Mr. Petter is manager of the Power Electronics Group and has significant experience designing and overseeing the implementation of advanced power conversion systems for a range of applications. Prior to joining Northern Power Systems, he was president of Impulse Electronics and engineering manager at Dynapower Corp. Mr. Petter has wind power experience in designing the dynamic brake and field winding power converter for the North Wind 100 and the main power converter and controls for the 10 kW AOC/Windlite NREL project. Dan Costin: Structural Design Engineer. Dr. Costin has over 15 years of experience in the design of wind turbines, gearboxes and aircraft structures and is currently working on development of the NW100/19 and NW1.5/70 direct drive turbines. Prior to joining Northern, he was a senior manager at Atlantic Orient Corporation and was project manager for design and engineering of the 10 kW AOC/Windlite NREL turbine development project. He has a Ph.D. in Engineering Mechanics from the University of Texas at Arlington. Peter Mattila: Business Development Manager. Mr. Mattila has extensive experience with permanent magnet machine technology that he applies as coordinator of the 1.5 MW direct-drive wind turbine generator development program. This program is a cooperative venture between Northern and General Dynamics. Prior to joining the company he was Director of Business Development at MagneMotion, maker of permanent magnet motors for specialized applications, and marketing manager at Kaman Electromagnetics. ” O =. “ POWER SYSTEMS NORTHERN i NORTHERN We design, build and install ultra-reliable electric power systems for industrial, commercial, and government customers worldwide 30 years of experience in on-site power systems 800 systems installed in 45 countries on all 7 continents 100+ employees: over 50% with engineering degrees Oldest renewable system supplier in U.S. Wide range of generation technologies ato DBTRIBUTED CONVENTIONAL GENERATION o& Proton 2J Northern DBTRIBUTED DBTRIBUTED HYDROGEN RENEWABLE PRODUCTION GENERAT This presentation contains forward-looking statements for purposes of the safe harbor provisions under The Private Secunties Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Statements Contained herein concerning Distributed Energy's goals, guidance, revenue projections, and other statements that are not statements of histoncal fact may be deemed to be forward-looking information. Without limiting the foregoing, words such as ‘anticipates’, “Delieves’, “could”, ‘estimate’, “expect’, “intend’, ‘may’, ‘might’, “should, “wil, and would” and other forms of these words or similar words are intended to identity forward-looking information. Distributed Energy's actual results may differ materially from those indicated by these forward-looking statements as a result of various important factors. Distnbuted Energy disclaims any obligation to update these forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause results to differ matenally from those contained in Distnbuted Energy's forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, our failure to complete development of our products, failure of our products to achieve commercial acceptance, our inability to expand our production faciities, manufacture our products at commercially acceptable costs or establish distnbution relationships, the impact of competitive products, failure to realize the anticipated benefits of the Northern merger, and other factors detailed in Proton Energy Systems Inc.'s Form 10-Q for quarter ended September 30, 2003, Distributed Energy's joint proxy statement/prospectus dated November 4, 2003, and other filings Distributed Energy may make from time to time with the SEC. Proton Energy Systems, founded in 1996 and based in Wallingtord, CT Manufactures proton exchange membrane (PEM) industrial hydrogen generators (electrolyzers) Fuel cell-related products Proton's PEM-based electrochemical products are employed in hydrogen-generating devices and in regenerative fuel cell systems * Power Technology Group — Vermont; 25 engineers — Wind turbine technology — Power system architecture — Power electronics ¢ Hydrogen Technology Group — Connecticut; 20 engineers — Hydrogen generation systems — Advanced cell stacks — Military applications Industrial Infrastructure Manufacturing Commercial / institutional facilities (office buildings, hotels, Baku-Tbilsi-Ceylon Pipeline Co. + —_Pokka Beverage, a Coca-Cola company hospitals) Bechtel * SC Johnson Fluor Daniel + Green Mountain Cottes Roasters Caspian Pipoline Consortium ‘SNC Lavalin Commercial & Institutional Facilities ATA&T/ENTEL © Equity Office British Telecom + Woods Hole Research Center Lockheed-Martin * Artists for Humanity New York State Police * Southern California Edison (SCE) Siemens AG U.S. Cellular Distributed Generation Sprint PCS * Public Service Company of Colorado Essex Junction Wastewater Treatment Monhegan Plantation Power District Tanadgusix Corporation Manufacturing (food/beverage, pharmaceutical, plastics, semiconductor) Industrial infrastructure (transportation, pipeline, telecom) Remote installations (military, geophysical, isolated community) Remote Installations + National Science Foundation * US. Air Force * U.S. Navy EPC = Engineer, Procure and Construct In-house Capabilities Engineering Reciprocating Procurement Dept Engines a Project Management Construction Management Installation and Commissioning Gas Turbines H2 Systems * Integrated System Design Fuels: * Heat Recovery & , Sa /, — Natural Gas Thermal Energy Management wee - BioGas * Energy Storage =) Prepare. * Control Systems - ; R Generation Technologies: seat Pao — Recips * Data Acquisition and Monitoring ~ - Gas Turbines — MicroTurbines ¢ Environmental Enclosures — Sterling Engines * Reduce energy costs « Reduce energy price volatility * Improve power quality * Enhanced reliability * Decrease environmental impact * Increased efficiency - CHP entree 3E a Green House Gas Reductions for C&l Customers Equity Office Properties SC Johnson One Market Plaza, San Francisco Racine, Wisconsin * 3 5OOkW gas fired engine generators with * 3.5 MW gas turbine with heat heat recovery for steam generation recovery steam generator + 1% commercial office building to quality + Turbine burns methane gas for 30% state incentive program from neighboring landfill + 1% on-site power system approved by PGE to parallel with the downtown * 50% reduction in Green network grid House Gas emissions Where power is unavailable or is of insufficient quality and reliability, Northern helps customers develop their own power supply. Generally, these systems: * Are low voltage * Generate power and/or store energy * Are sometimes connected to existing Pokka Beverage (division of Coca Cola North America) grid for uninterrupted power American Canyon, CA +1 MW gas fired engine generator provides continuous power to production facility in parallel with the utility grid * Fast switch isolates critical loads from utility outages within 3 cycles * Telecommunication Applications Northern's key differentiator is + Microwave and Cellular ; + Fiber optic regeneration sites power system architectures * Radio and TV repeaters N = * Designed to meet customer needs and limitations * Oil and Gas Pipelines and Platforms \ * Adapted to site environments ee ean * Maximizes power systems values * SCADA * Minimizes life cycle cost *Telecommunications: oM fiabil *Cathodic protection jeximize reliability j * Minimize maintenance * Military and Scientific j * Provide remote operation and control * Monitoring 7 * Minimize environmental impact * Communications * Operations Sa E project TelePower System for Remote Satellite Station in Antarctica Customer: National Science Foundation Caspian Pipeline Consortium (CPC) ; Black Island, Antarctica Power Need: Sea, | Power Ne Power for 1500 km pipeline traveling i : Reliable power for year-round satellite through remote and difficult terrain if communication to U.S. McMurdo Station and the outside world 113 power systems along the pipeline, each containing Northern's GridTie™ technology A hybr Te ot4 for remote monitoring and control brid, TelePower system consisting NorthWind® HAS wind turbines, 3 diesel gensets, a 10 kW PV array, and a 24 VDC battery bank Qutcome: Outcome: Ultra: reli power, eee A low-impact solution for this fragile ecosystem inmertacs fo-eecn main ine block wali with no sacrifice of system reliability US. Air Force Burnt Mountain, Alaska Power Need: System that could withstand extreme cold and provide reliable power to equipment that monitors compliance with Nuclear Test Ban Treaty Northern's Solution: Solar diesel hybrid system with battery backup Quicome: Despite lightning strikes, extreme cold, and high winds, the system has operated continuously since its installation Tanadgusix (TDX) Corp. ‘St. Paul Island in the Bering Sea Power Need: Needed to reduce cost of utility-grad power for airport/industrial complex on island community ‘Northern's Solution: High-penetration, wind/diesel on-site power system Qutcome: Limits diesel run-time and eliminates the need for expensive battery backup Rooftop photovoltaic for | Woods Hole Research Center Cape Cod, Massachusetts Power Need: Renewable power for energy independent research facility Grid-connected, 26.4 kW roottop photovoltaic system Qutcome: System enables center to generate almost 37,000 kWh of completely renewable energy * Mature technology and industry * CO, Emissions: 0 Ib/MWh * Localized supply and control of energy * Levelized cost of energy * Wind: 3 to 10 cents/kwhr * Solar: 25 cents/kwhr South Coast Air Quality Management District Diamond Bar, California Power Need: Renewable power for electric vehicle charging station Grid-connected, 29 kW photovoltaic (PV) system Qutcome: Over 25 year period, system expected to prevent emission of about 2 million pounds of C02; system also provides AC electric power to local grid, offsetting power use by plant Develop new products and Services Evaluate and enable emerging DG technologies Provide real-world demonstration site to showcase new technologies and system capabilities DOE National Labs jabroored sa Ee.D 100 Aserd for technclogoal National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) excellence in 2000 * Evaluation of emerging DG technologies California Energy Commission (CEC) including electrolysers, fuel cells, microturbines, Power Systems Engineering Research Center (PSERC) sterling engines, energy storage technologies * Product development efforts: — System controls NASA — Energy management software — Advanced power electronics ~ Advanced DG network architectures — Advanced Wind Turbine technology Consortium for Electric Reliability Technology Solutions A system of hardware and software that provides the capability to monitor and control geographically distributed assets from anywhere in the world The NorthWind 100 provides cost-effective, highly reliable renewable energy: Local or browser-based HMI : 1 Developed by Northern with NASA, NSF, DOE and NREL Certification testing is being carried out at the NREL test site in CO Fleet-level monitoring Standards-based design Local and remote execution of manual control Automated alarm notification Automated data reporting Designed to meet needs of small utilties and independent power producers Has operated in more extreme conditions than any other turbine Market Break-Through sta ao Ww direct * Collaboration with General Dynamics * The first of its kind to integrate a permanent magnet generator * Will eliminate production and maintenance costs associated with gear boxes * Testing and certification scheduled for 2003, EPC & Systems Integration Northem’s MicroGrid system architecture combines: + System-networkable power technology * Advanced control capabilities * Comprehensive energy management and communication lelsaialaa) NORTHERN POWER SYSTEMS n © = © .e@ Northern's NorthWind 100/19 wind turbine provides cost-effective, highly reliable renewable energy in demanding environments. www.northernpower.com Simplicity by Design Designed specifically for extreme weather in remote village power and distributed generation applications, the NW 100/19 is a state of the art, utility-scale wind turbine. Northern Power Systems has drawn on 25 years of experience to engineer a wind turbine that provides cost-effective, highly reli- able renewable energy in demanding environments. Designed to meet the needs of small utilities and independent power producers, the NW100/19 has the following features: Simplicity High reliability and low maintenance were the focus in developing the NW 100/19. The design integrates industry proven robust components with innovative design features to maximize wind energy capture in severe and remote locations. The turbine features a minimum of moving parts and vulnerable subsys- tems to deliver high system availability. The uncom- plicated rotor design allows safe, efficient turbine operation. * Direct drive gen- erator eliminates the drivetrain gearbox * Dual fail-safe disk brake and electro- dynamic braking system eliminates blade brakes The NorthWind NW100/19™ PRODUCT OVERVIEW Serviceability All service activities can occur within the tubular tower or nacelle housing, providing complete pro- tection from severe weather conditions. Designated work areas provide ample room to perform service activities. Power Quality The most common generator utilized in the wind industry is a gear driven asynchronous (induction) generator. Induction generators must be connected to a stable voltage source for excitation and reac- tive power (VAR) support. While large power grids can easily provide this support, power quality and system stability is compromised in distributed gen- eration and village systems where the power grid is typically “soft and unbalanced.” NPS has solved this issue with the NW100/19. Our synchronous, variable speed direct drive generator GENERATOR YAW SYSTEM and integrated power converter increases energy capture, while elimi- nating current in-rush during control transitions. This turbine can be connected to large power grids and remote wind-diesel configurations without inducing surges, effectively providing grid support rather than compromising it. System Description The variable speed, stall controlled turbine rotor assembly consists of three fiberglass reinforced plastic (FRP) blades bolted to a rigid hub, which mounts directly to the generator shaft. This simple, robust design eliminates the need for rotating blade tips, blade pitch systems, and speed increasing gearboxes. Using a state-of-the-art airfoil design increases the blade’s aerodynamic efficiency and renders them insensitive to surface roughness caused by dirt build-up and insects. The advanced FRP-resin infusion molding process ensures a high-quality blade while the root connection guaran- tees it will meet extreme temperature requirements. The direct drive generator is a salient pole synchronous machine designed specifically for high reliability applications. Electrical output of the generator is converted to high quality AC power that can be synchronized to conventional or weak isolated grids. The advanced power conversion system also eliminates the inrush currents and poor power factor of conventional wind turbines. The output complies with IEEE 519-1992 power quality specifications. The variable speed direct drive generator/converter system is tuned to operate the rotor at the peak performance coefficient, and also allows stall point rotor control to contend with wide variation in air density found in the target applications. The safety system consists of a spring applied, pressure released disk brake mounted on the generator shaft for emergency conditions, and an electrodynamic brake system that provides both normal shutdown and emergency braking backup functions. NW100/19 Power Curve ‘standard atmosphere 110 Electrical Power [kW] od 88S38a8ss Wind Speed [mps] NW100/19 Energy Production ‘Standard atmosphere 250 Energy [MWHrs] ee 88 5 6 7 8 9 10 Average Wind Speed [mps] NW 100/19 Technical Specifications Design Specifications Turbine Class Design Life Design Standards Performance Nominal Power Rating Rated Wind Speed Cut-In Wind Speed Cut-Out Wind Speed Survival Wind Speed General Configuration Rotation Axis Orientation Yaw Control Number of Blades Hub Type Drive Train Power Regulation Rotor Diameter Swept Area Speed @ rated power Structural Configuration Power Regulation Rotor Rotation Pitch Angle Coning Blades Airfoil Material Lightning Protection Drive Train Configuration Tilt Angle Generator Type Insulation Class Generating Speed Generator Rating Generator Output Speed Control Grid Connection Grid Voltage Grid Frequencies IEC WTGS Class | 30 year In Accordance with IEC 1400-1 100 kW 13 m/s (29mph) 4 m/s ( 9mph) 25 m/s (S6mph) 70 m/s (1S7mph) Horizontal Upwind Active 2 Rigid Direct Drive Stall 19.1. m 284 m2 45-69 RPM 68.5 RPM Flange Mounted Blades, Rigid Hub Variable Speed Stall Clockwise (Viewed from Upwind) -0.75° @ tip, nominal o $819, S820, S821Series Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic (FRP) Standard Integrated System Variable Speed Direct Drive 4 Salient Pole Synchronous NEMA H 45-69 RPM 100 kW w/ 1.15 Service Factor 575 VAC IGBT Controller 480 VAC std: 380-30kW available 50/60 Hz Braking Systems Mechanical Brake Electro-Dynamic Brake Yaw System Type Damping system Yaw Drive Yaw Bearing Tower Type Hub Height Material Corrosion Protection Service Environment Tower Nacelle Controller Type Functions Remote Control/ Monitoring Software Power Electronics Power Quality Main Shaft Disc Brake w/ Dual Spring Applied Calipers Parking and emergency backup Active Upwind Adjustable Friction Electrically Driven Planetary Gearbox Slew Ring Tubular 25/30/35 m (82/98/115 ft) Steel Marine Paint Fully Enclosed, Ladder Way Fully Enclosed Northern WTGS-100 Controller, Microprocessor-based Complete Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition Integrated SmartView™ Access IGBT Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) Converter IEEE 519-1992 Environmental Specifications Temperature Operating Range Lightning Protection Icing Seismic Loading ~46°C to 50°C (-50°F to 122°F) In Accordance with IEC 61024-1 Ice cover to 30 mm (I in) Zone 4 Packages available for specific site condition such as coastal environment. Masses Rotor 761 Kg (_ | 680 Ibs) Nacelle (excluding rotor) 6325 Kg (13 950 Ibs) Tower (25m) 6500 Kg (14 330 Ibs) Northern Power reserves the right to alter turbine specifications at any time. >> Northern Power Systems designs, builds and installs ultra-reliable electric power system solutions for industrial, commercial and government customers worldwide. Since our founding in 1974, we have installed over 800 systems in 40 countries on all seven continents. Headquarters: Northern Power Systems 182 Mad River Park Waitsfield, VT 05673 USA Phone: 877-496-2955 Fax: 802-496-2953 California Office: Northern Power Systems 33 New Montgomery Street, Suite 1280 San Francisco, CA 94105 USA Phone: 415-543-6110 Fax: 415-543-6105 www.northernpower.com Copyright, 2003, Northern Power Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Northern Power Systems, the Yellow N Logo and ‘power without limits’ are trademarks of Northern Power Systems, Inc. pdb_NW100_19_I.Olet NORTHERN POWER SYSTEMS Development The NW100/19 turbine was developed by NPS with support from cooperating agencies within the U.S. government, including the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA); the National Science Foundation (NSF); the Department of Energy (DOE); and the DOE-funded National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). Siemens-Westinghouse acted as a subcontractor to NPS in developing the innovative direct drive generator subsystem. Turbine certification testing is being carried out at the National Renewable Energy Laboratories National Wind Test Site at Rocky Flats, CO. This testing is near completion and will result in a Type Testing Conformity Statement, which validates the turbine safety systems and structural design. Turbine testing also includes Type Characteristic Measurements that prove the performance and acoustic signature of the turbine. NPS wind turbines at the South Pole and the Antarctic coast have operated in more extreme conditions than any other turbines, including winds to 198 mph (88.5 m/s) and temperatures to -1 12°F (-80°C.) This experience gained in harsh, remote conditions has been incorporated into key NW 100/19 design decisions affecting configuration, materials selection, performance characteristics, and deployment procedures. For further information contact: Lawrence Mott Northern Power Systems Waitsfield, VT 05673 (802) 496-2955 x-239 Imott@northernpower.com Overview of Northern’s Broader Engineering Capabilities Founded in 1974, Northern Power Systems has installed more than 800 systems in 40 countries on all seven continents. We have long-term experience in project management, from preliminary site assessment and economic modeling, through design and fabrication, to system installation, commissioning and personnel training. As a technology-neutral Engineering, Procurement and Construction (EPC) contractor, we are able to offer customized solutions that are optimized for each application. Northern draws upon a wide range of thoroughly tested technologies, from wind turbines and photovoltaics (PV), to reciprocating engines and microturbines. Several of our projects summarized on the following page demonstrate the range of engineering and project management capabilities that are required for implementing on-site power solutions. J Northern soumecee On-Site Power Generation Projects Northern Power Systems designs and develops solutions that meet the specific power needs of commercial and industrial customers. Our systems help businesses lower power costs, increase power quality, and reduce environmental impact. Cost Savings | MW On-Site Distributed Generation project for Pokka Beverage, a division of Coca- Cola, North America demonstrates Northern's ability to design and engineer a combined heat and power system for a large, industrial customer that maximizes cost savings and pro- tects critical site loads from utility outages. The project took advantage of state incentives equal to 30% of total capital cost. Energy Cogeneration and uninterrupted power for Equity Office’s |.5 million square-foot office Efficiency complex demonstrates Northern's ability to design and engineer a combined heat and power system to maximize energy efficiency and space utilization in premium commercial facilities. This project is the largest of its kind to interconnect to a utility network grid. Power On-Site Distributed Generation for Green Mountain Coffee Roasters highlights our abil- Reliability ity to engineer and install a low-maintenance, grid-tied combined heat and power system to meet customer's need for high reliability and efficiency. Turnkey Turnkey installation for SC Johnson of a 3.3 MW gas turbine, CHP system fueled by burning Project methane gas from a nearby landfill shows Northern's ability to design, install, and commission Management highly reliable power systems for large-scale sites, while ensuring system compliance with local utility interconnection standards and emissions regulations. Engineering Greenhouse gas/CO) reduction analysis for Johnson & Johnson/McNeil facilities in US, & Financial Canada, and Puerto Rico highlights our ability to investigate and analyze typical and a-typical Analysis ways to meet customer needs. Reviewed on-site generation, fuel cells, wind, solar, and ground source heat pump installation as a way to reduce CO, emissions. Wind Feasibility Study for an 80 MW wind farm for Cargill-Dow highlights our ability to deliver a complete package detailing energy resources, technology options, financing and ownership options to be used as an investment decision-making tool. Renewable 26.4 kW Photovoltaic System for Woods Hole Research Center demonstrates how our Energy engineers derive the optimal match of PV panels, inverters, and mounting technology to build- Solutions ing's layout and loads to yield cost-savings over standard solar design. Project Team Development of an advanced sustainable energy system for a new green building for the Leadership School of Forestry & Environmental Studies at Yale University highlights Northern's ability to review the full range of generation options from CHP and fuel cells to wind and solar as part of integrating a new building into a large complex of existing utility infrastructure. Northern Power Systems 182 Mad River Park Waitsfield, Vermont 05673 | 802-496-2955 info @northernpower.com NORTHERN POWER SYSTEMS power without limits 182 Mad River Park | Waitsfield, Vermont 05673 | T 802-496-2955 | F 802-496-2953 | www.northernpower.com