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HomeMy WebLinkAboutKobuk-Shungnak Single Wire Ground Return Transmission Line Final Report 1984KOBUK-SHUNGNAK SINGLE WIRE GROUND RETURN TRANSMISSION LINE FINAL REPORT as Srapcl BS ee Zia * aioe mT Pinon Sea ava ie THOMAS D. HUMPHREY, P.E. COMPANY P.O. BOX 4-2543 ANCHORAGE, ALASKA 99509 KOBUK-SHUNGHAK SINGLE WIRE GROUND RETURN TRANSMISSION LINE FINAL REPORT Prepared For: State of Alaska Department of Commerce & Economic Development 3601 C Street Suite 722 Anchorage, Alaska 99503 Prepared By: Thomas D. Humphrey, P. E. Company Vincent McClelland, Editor PO Box 4-2543 Anchorage, Alaska 99509 May, 1984 Tnis report has been preparea by Tnomas D. Humphrey, P. E. Coinpany to satisfy contract obligations between the State or Alaska and Raj Bhargava Associates. Lit IV TABLE OF CONTENTS Drisoduetion . « e « sew se we Project Descr A. B. Cc. D. E. FP. Location & Climate. ...... Environmental . ......e- Naturai Systeiis & Impacts... Sociai and Economic Systems. . . Public HearinysS. ......s... Time Periow ana Phases ..... Design Suiiary . 2. 2. «2 2 ew ew ow A. B. Cc. dD. E. Q ae G. H. I. J. Description of the System ... One Line Diagram . . ...... Structures . 2. 2. «6 ee ee ee Conductor. . « «ee ceeecee Voltage & Electrical Characterist Pranc WLANGLOLINGES) 0. 6, 6 © 0.0) Ground Grids . . . 2 « « © « ee Clearances .. «© © es es we wo ANIGHOUS elo elite icicle iis ile omit ioe Vibration Dampers. . . 2... ee. Design Calculations ........ A. B. Cc. Dd. S E. Soil Conductivity Tests. .... Structure Overturn Calculations. Conauctor Selection. . ..... SAGe «© 6 © © © ew ww ew we ww Baln Bolt. « «© ss sb we 8 8 Planning & Construction Teciniques. Routing of Line & ROW Procedure. Timber Cruise & Harvest. .... i lption ana General History. Pole Treatinent, Preparation & Transport. Ground Grid Installation.... . Drilling of Corner & Anchor Holes. Installation of Rebar Anchors. . Erection & Stringing Line. ... Transformers, Cutouts, & Bird Balls. 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Mobilization, Demobilization ana Lippe by devote (Celtel ey SG Go mG) G0 ODO obo iG oo) o ot OS SUMMAGY | o/c) ol] io) ce) fe) fe) lier Coll foil] fot tol lier [ust] tol iets ret] sell on OO al.) Grolind Grids iii) 3) /o) |=) |e) \ou) 6) s) tet fer [oor] sail sy | 21 Pill fo) 10.0 2) RAVE | GFOSSINGS..) 6) leslie Loci el ole ioilen esi siienclusle OL EX | Slum Liye) ie! Ilo «| 6) pl tel| coo) le) |e) [rel lie] elie of Kel [Ker | ce] tal fe) [jay te1)) fo} |S Appenaix A. Route Aligmuent and Staking Sheets B. Structure Diagrans C. Right-or-Way Agreements D. Corresponaence & Pernits E. Kobuk Distribution System F. Maintenance Suinmary ABSTRACT In 1981, a grant from the State or Alaska, through the Department of Commerce and Economic Development, Division of Energy and Power Development, providea funding for a feasibility study of a single-wire ground return (SWGR) transmission Line (Phase 1), construction of the line (Phase II) and observation of the line for one year (Phase III). This document is a summary and cost analysis of the planning, design, construction, operation, and waintenance of the Kobuk-Shungnak Single Wire Ground Return Project funded by the State of Alaska. Ynis report is intended to serve as a construction manual as well as a report on the pertinent events of this project. As this was an experimental project using new and untried ideas and construction techniques, lessons have been learned which are presented and associated with cost savings for any future projects of the same type. This report is written for the "non-technical" reader and is not intended as a detailed design manual. Page 1 I. INTRODUCTION AS presented in the request for proposals prepared by the State Division of Energy and Power Development, the Single Wire Ground Return (SWGR) transmission line concept naterializea from the State's recognition of the need to reduce distillate petroleum fuel consumption and electric power costs in rural Alaska, Providing electrical power to the small remote communities in rural Alaska has always been relatively expensive. The small size of the generating units required and the smail amount of electrical energy produced for each village make the costs for fuel and operation and maintenance disproportionately high te even the smaller of the more conventional electric utility systems in the state. Fuel cost increases, as well as the total cost of electricity, have made the aiftference even more dramatic. Yet, in spite of increasing costs, the need and desire for electrical energy in even the smallest, most remote conmunity has been increasing. Modern communications, satellite television and the increased productivity and comfort brought by affordable electric appliances requires the presence ot an adequate and cependable electric power suppiy. One method of providing electric power to smaller cowaunities, while at the same time consolidating generating facilities, is to take advantage of system Giversities, economies of scale, optimal generating unit size and to racilitate the use of alternate energy sources, is the electric transmission line. Conventional transmission lines, however, are too expensive to construct and maintain to be cost effective in rurai Alaska. The transmission line system developed to supply power from Shungnak to Kobuk in Northwest Alaska demonstrates a very low-cost reliable Page 2 system constructed largely of local material, with local labor, without the use or heavy machinery usually associated with powerline construction. The system built has the capacity to operate as a SWGR system Or &@S a conventional two wire single phase system. As the line nas been operating since February, 1982, the project has successtully demonstratea that not only does the SWGR concept work, but that construction of an inexpensive, reliable two wire system can also be built in rurai Alaska by use ot flexible foundationless tower structures, Tnis Finai report will not only provide the reader with a recap of the project, put will allow the reader to follow the trials ana errors the project team went through in aeveloping, building, and monitoring the system. In this light, the report will hopefully serve as the basis ana guide for future electrical transmission facilities in rural Alaska. Page 3 LL Proyect Description and General History } HL A. Location & Climate Kobuk and Snhungnak are small Eskimo villages, roughly 11 miles apart, located on the north shores.of tne Kobuk River in the upper reaches of the Kobuk-Selawik lowlanas (see Figure 1). Access to these villages is by air or boat from Kotzebue, approximately 150 miles to the west, Or by air rrom Fairbanks. This area of tne Kobuk River, 30 miles north o£ the Arctic Circle, is considered navigable. Tne continental arctic climate of this region is characterized by low mean annual temperatures and precipitation and large seasonai temperature variations. Continuous permafrost extends to depths greater than 300 feet in some areas. The thaw bulb underlying the Kobuk River is narrow. Whether this thaw bulb penetrates the permafrost or not is unknown, Page 4 Figure 1. Area map reprinted from Kobuk Community and Regional Affairs Community Profile. Page 5 Climatic information is summarized in the following table: KOBUK SHUNGNAK Mean Annual Precipitation Lda" 16.2" Mean Annuai Snowrall 56" 79.9" Heating Degree Days 16,079 15,539 Freezing Degree Days 6,607 6,300 Maxinui Annual . Precipitation 61.7 50.6 Minimum Mean Winter Temp (F) -24 —9i3) Minimum Mean Summer Tenp (F) 42 48.4 Nipimum Extreme Temp. (F) -68 =61 Maximum Mean Winter Temp (F) 1 Sed, Maximum liean Sunimer Temp (F) 6S 68.6 Maximum Extreme Temp (F) 90 90 Ice Season Break-Up (Span) 5/71-5/29 5/12-5/29 Average 5/18 5/22 Freeze-Up (Span) 10/9-11/12 10/7-10/25 Average 10/21 10/16 Maximum sunlight (and Civil Twilight) in the area is 24 hours/day from mid-May to August lst and 6 hours/day in December. Page 6 5. Environiental Since the entire area surrounding Kobus and Shungnak ilies within the tlood plain and terrace of the Kobuk River, special consideration was given to topographic, geologic, ana soil information. The two comiunities lie within the upper reaches of the Kobuk-Selawik lowlands, with elevations ranging from one hundred fifty feet to three thousanac feet. The tloou plains and terraces are composed of deep silty and sandy water-laia sediments. Rising to the north to the base of the Schwatka Mountains, periglacial deposits underlie moderately dissected terraces. Along the Kobuk River as weli as some or tne feeder streams, natural levees have built up. An oxbow lake was formed north of Kopuk when the Kobuk River changed course to flow south of Kobuk. The soil in the area is poorly drained due to the permafrost tables beneath the surface. With the exception of some forests in well arained soils on floodplains and natural levees along streams, vegetation is of the tundra type category. This type of vegetation was found along the right-of-way selected for the powerline. Kobuk was built on a natural levee of the Kobuk River and within a thaw bulb of the river. Although permafrost exists in the surrounding area, there is none directly beneath the village, as indicated by fine grainea soils found at both ends of the runway as well as between the Page 7 River ana the oxbow lake. Gravel can be found along bars and beaches end may exist beneath tne oxbow lake. Ice lenses or strata may be coucaineu in the fine grained svii, which is very susceptible to frost. The soil coula flow or collapse if these ice lenses were to melt. Due to ice jails on the Kopuk River, the community of Kobuk is subject to severe rlooding and bank erosion. In 1973, a large ice jam caused the entire community to be flooded. To the west of Kobuk, the community of Shungnak is located on a4 bluff above the Kobuk River. The river bluff, rising sixty feet and Supporting aimoest the entire community, causes land form reiief of Over fifty feet. The surrounding area rarely exceeds two hundreca feet above sea level. Harginal deposits of aeolian silt and sand exposed in the plurfs overlay glacial deposits of silt, sand and gravel. Unlike Kobuk, no serious pank erosion problems exist in Shungnak since thick permafrost and a spruce forest make a fairly stable slip-off slope. The environmental areas studied in relation to the construction of the Kobuk-Stuangnat SWGR transmission line included natural systems (land, water, air, and animal populations), and social and economic systems (economy, subsistence, archaeology, and recreation). Further information was gathered concerning the type of forest in the area, Page 8 the potential cultivatable land, data relating to weather, and data relating to earthquakes and floods. Cc. Natural Systems & Impacts Land: The dominant type of vegetation and tundra plants are sedges, lichens, mosses, shrubs, grasses, and low growing alpine plants at higher elevations. These plants are used by caribou and other wildlife for forage and brouse. The dominant trees in the slow growing ana scattered forests include white spruce, paper birch, and cottonwood. The Kobuk River floodplain supports bottomland spruce and poplar forests while north of Kobuk, an upland spruce, hardwood forest Can ve round on the upper pliuffs. The slip off slope at snumgnak is covered by a clinax forest and wet tundra extends north of the village. The impact upon the environment due to construction of the powerline was mitigated in a number of ways. The X-frames used to support the cable "float" atop the ground although they settle slightly during the summer. Construction took place during the winter months and existing cat tracks and snowmobile trails were used to minimize damage to the tundra. All trees and shrubbery were removed to ensure a twenty foot wide lineal corridor for the transmission line. Ground cover was left intact and there was very little damage to the vegatation of the area. No soils considered "cultivatable" are found in the area. The soils Page 9 are poorly drained and have a peaty surface layer. Individual gardens have been successful only because the soil has been properly mulched and carea for. The area is within seismic risk zone three. An earthquake of wagnitude 6.0 or greater could occur, in all liklihood causing major structural damage. Water: Kobuk and Shungnak both use the Kobuk River for drinking water. Due to a silty bottom, the Kobuk River silts up during heavy rains and spring runoff. The quality of the surface water in the area is excellent. The existence of the transmission line has no impact on the Kobuk River. The line crusses Wesley Creek and Dahl Creek but poses no siltation or erosion problems because the stress were frozen during construction, no digging was done, and no heavy equipment was utilized in crossing streams. Stream or groundwater quality were not erfected. Air: The impact upon the air quality and weather is negligible. Little impact is made upon the air space. The poles are spaced 600 to 700 feet apart, with the transmission line 35+ feet high. The line Sags to approximately 22 feet at the lowest point between poles. This height meets the National Electric Safety Code. The line was raised to 35 feet above the ground where it crosses the road from Dahl Creek Landing to Bornite to ensure the line would not interfere with mining equipment moving up the road. Page 10 Animal Populations: The transmission line is not in an area inhabited by any endangered Species, Tne migratory habits ot the caribou hercs in the area will not be effected by the transmission line, which is high enough to ailiow animais to pass beneath. The moose population possibiy rubbing velvet on the poles will cause no damage to the poles. D. Social and Economic Systens Economy: The residents of Kobuk and Shungnak rely on subsistence activities for their livelihood. The mineral reserves in the area, including large copper deposits, are currently being explored. Asbestos with associatea jade anda placer gold are already being mined. To facilitate these mining activities, a road has been proposed between Dahli Creek & Shingnak. The communities have the potential to become Supply points and communication centers for the mining activities since the Kobuk River is navigable. Kobuk's population is approximately fifty four persons. Employers in the area include the Bureau of Land Management, a private flight operation at Dahl Creek, DOT, and area mining companies. Temporary employment was provided during construction of the transmission line and electrical system and a permanent position has been created to read the roughly 32 meters, operate a standby generator, and act on behalf of Kobuk Valley Electric. Page ll Subsistence: During the summer months, tish camps are set up along the Kobuk River, which provides sheefish, whitcfisn ana saimon. Hunting caribou and moose and trapping are main winter activities. Snowiiachines are the primary moae of transportation auring the winter, although dog sledding is gaining in popularity. The fishing, hunting and trapping activities of the local residents is not impacteu by the transmission line. . The average annuel snowfall of sixty inches produces an average snow cover of one foot throughout the season. Although the snow depth is not excessive, the guy wires were clearly markea to avoid accidents by pesple travcling the line (now called the Northline Trail by locals). Archaeology: Two archaeologic sites exist along the left bank or the Kobuk River across from Shungnak and the community of Kobuk is noted as an historically significant village and listed on the Alaska Heritage Resources Survey. It is not, however, considered a potential archaeological site. The National Register of Historic Places does not list Kobuk or any site near Kobuk, The transmission line is not near these archaeologic sites. The State Historic Preservation Office has reviewed and approved the project as seen in Appendix D. E. Public Hearings During the entire course of the project contact with the public was Page 12 maintained. One task of Phase I was to identify local support for the SWGR systen and identify potential owners/operators. To meet this goai, public meetings were held in Snungnak and Kobuk on the 7th and 8th of January 1980, respectively. At each meeting, the concept of the SWGR was explained and questions were answered. Questions ranged from employiient opportunities to the safety of the ground grids. Neither community meeting produced serious objections. Twenty-nine people attended the Shungnak meeting and twelve people attended the Kobuk meeting. Other public hearings were held in both communities to appraise the public cf the nature and progress of the project, as well as to obtain information om Local preferences, concerns, ald conditions. No insurmountable objections were received during these hearings. The availability of local labor was also ascertained at the meetings. Local labor was preferred to keep income from the construction in the area and to provide actual on the job experience in line maintenance. Use oi local labor also reduces the cost of the project by savings in transportation and subsistance costs. Page 13 F. Time Period and Phases Tne following is a synopsis or planning, construction, and maintenance events for the SWGR project. PHASE I (Contract 1): Planning and Design 12/79 and throughout the project Public Hearings 12/79 - 6/80 PHASE II (Contract 1): Timber cruise and logging 6/80 - 7/80 Survey and pole preparation 9/80 Install ground grids 9/80 - 10/80 Poles out on location, cut R/W 12/60 Drill corner and anchor holes 1/81 - 3/8) PHASE I (Contract 2): Install rebar anchors, install hardware, build line 10/81 - 2/82 PHASE II (Contract 2): MAINTENANCE: 2/82 - 6/84 PHASE III (Contract 1): FINAL REPORT: 6/84 Page 14 III Design Sunmary A. Description of the System The baSic characteristics of the system are as follows: 1a h. Operating voltage: 7200V (single phase); 15kv insulation. Conductor minimum vertical ground clearance: 18 feet. Peak electrical deme@nd at Kobuk roughly 40KW. Generating capacity at Shuncnak 210KW. Kobuk distribution system voltege 7200V. General safety code requirement: NESC, NEC. Pole grade: local timber. . Distance of line from Kobuk distribution system to Shungnak powerhouse 55,176+ feet or 10.454+ miles. Right-or-way width: 100 feet along majority of line. Number of conductors: 2 Conductor size: No. 4-2/5 AWAC Alumoweld-Aluminun Conductor, Guy wire type and size: 5/16" extra high strength. B. One Line Diagram As illustrated in the One-Line Diagram presented in Figure 2 the Alaska Village Electric Cooperative in Shungnak generateS power Page 15 YL got METER ——_—________ 250 PMP MAIN BREScER \ 252m “RPNS FORMER ON yoeun AVEC POAERHOUSE SHUNGNEK ae EE Oe Ee } ELEcTaODE ELECTRODE GROUND GRID GROUND GAD CAUNGNREE CORE <t— —_t— 12.45 MILES L KOBUK-SHUNGNAK S.W.G.R. TRANSMISSION SYSTEM CIRCUIT DIAGRAM FIGURE: 2 at 460 volts. This power is "stepped up" by a 50kva transformer to 7200 volts and then transmitted roughly 10.5 miles to Kobuk‘where it is stepped down by a single 25kva transformer run throuch a fuse box ana 200 amp transfer switch (in the standby generator building), stepped back up to 7200 volts through a 25kva transformer, and then stepped back aown by individual transformers feeding homes and community buildings in the village. “C. Structures Two basic criteria were established in determining the design of the systcni: demonstration of the single wire ground return concept; and, the Gaesign and Genonstration of a powerline which could be built utilizing appropriate technology methods, local materials and local labor in arctic conditions. Since the project was experimental in nature, a high degree of flexibility was allowed during actual construction while ideas were tested. The X-frame structure used for the line allowed for the installation of two conductors enabling the demonstration of the SWGR concept while also allowing the line to be operated as a conventional two wire single phase system. Since cost was the ultimate consideration in this project, the X-frame structure was a natural selection. The timber needed to construct Page 17 X-trame structures was obtained locally as was the labor required during procurenent, preparation, and construction of the structures. constructea. The u The drawings in Appendix A present the structures a averaye Span was 600 reet. A curved conduit top brace connecting the two poles was not used, resulting in; a cost reduction (by using a Simpler rlat iron saddle type connection), fewer components, Simplified construction, and resulted in a stabler, less indeterminate structure. Because of the size of timber available from local forests, the minimum size pole used was 35 foot, class 7. During the first year of operation of the line unusually nigh wind velocities (estimated gusts over 100 inph) caused a section of the line (goles 91 ~ 75) to overtucn, This problaa was immediately corrected by installing rebar anchors (4 foot) in the ground. These were connectea to eye bolts installed through the butts of both legs of the X-trame. This problem has not reoccurred. Wind load calculations can be found in Chapter IV. It is estimated that installation of these X-frames is a fraction of the installation costs of conventional single pole systems requiring extensive drilling and involving future pole jacking and leaning problems, Page 18 D. Conductor Two aiunaweld (AWAC) #4, 2/5 (2 aluminum, 5 alumaweld) conductors were usea. Ice and wind loading will be reduced due to the smaller diameter. There are four advantages to using the two wire system: 1. While de-energizing tne electrode field for experimental or aintenance purposes, the continuity of power to Kobuk is ensured. 2. The alternate conductor can be used as a neutral or a third leg in a 3 phase systen. 3. Increases the reliability of the system since power may not be interrupted by electricai or physical failure of one conductor. 4. Two conuuctors aliows comparison between the electrical qualities of a srouna return and a conventional line. There are several interrelated criteria which dictate the selection of the proper conductor to be used in the construction of the power line: lower height; span; weight of the line, including loading from ice, wind and temperature; strength of the line; and economics. The lower height was selected at 34'3",yielding a maximum allowable sag of 16' (although the anticipated sag is no more than 7.4'). Span length was set as long as possible for greatest economy. Conductor loading was Page 19 selected for a heavy loading district, which includes 0.50 inch radial thickness of ice around the conductor, horizontal wind pressure of 4 los/rt2, and a temperature or OOF. Required strength 1S Gependent on a 7.4' sag and a satety factor of 2 under heaving loading conditions. Operating costs (line losses and maintenance) and construction costs comprise the economics of the project. Ez. Voltage and Electrical Characteristics A criteria for design and construction of the transmission line was the desire to keep the line within the 15KV class of construction. The line was ultimately constructed as a 15KV transmission line. Tnere were several reasons for this decision: clearance height is increased by two feet for lines over 15KV, which necessitates 40' poles or even high conductor tension; since line voltages are related to the length of the line, the preferred voltage for the line is 7200V; the current carrying capability of one conductor is tar in excess of the expected requirements; standard stock transformers, insulators, etc., could be used; and safety at lower voltages is increased, especialiy around the ground grid due to the voltage gradient. Ee Transformers Due to the demonstration aspect of the project, a 50kva single phase overhead transformer (rated at 14,400V) with a dual voltage switch for Page 20 7200V was used in Shungnak to ailow for possible future testing and operations at 14400 volts. G. Grouna Grids The inherent problems of designing an appropriate ground grid were compounded by the need to demonstrate ground return in permafrost, where grounding is considered to be particularily difficult. Ground resistivity tests were conducted at Kobuk and Shungnak to ensure good contact could be made with high resistivity soils. As @ result of resistance anc resistivity testing, the ground grid in Kobuk was located on the northwest side of town to avoid trails; the ground grid in Shungnak was located in an old river bed about 2000 ft. upstream Irom Shungnak. In both cases, local residents were involved in the selection of the site. To ensure optimum performance of the ground grids, the following precautions were taken: 1. 30-f00t copper sectional ground rods were placed ina triangular configuration 30 feet apart at each location; 2. all ground rod connections were welded for a strong permanent connection; Page 21 3. the ground grid was surrounded by a fence with warning signs to reduce the potential hazard created by a downed powerline. Originaliy two tests were conducted in Shungnak and three were conaucted in Koouk. The test results are summarized in Chapter IV. H. Clearances The transmission iine was Gesigned to allow for a minimum of twenty feet clearance above the ground at all locations under any loading circumstances, Rigid vertical clearance of rigid live parts above the ground as quotec from the National Electrical Safety Code (1981 edition)are as rollows: Nature ot Surface Below Live Parts 750V_ to 25KV_ (ft) Where live parts overhang roads, streets 18 Other land traversed by vehicles such as cultivated land, grazing land, forest, etc. 18 Page 22 Ali the poles used to construct the line are between 34 and 45 feet ensuring that, allowing for sag increases and settlement, the minimums above were adhered to. oe Ancnors Three types of anchors were installed along the transmission line: 1. Two foot plate anchors were used at pole number 3 where peat conditions exist. 2. Six inch expansion anchors were used at all other permafrost free locations. 3. Ten foot, 3/4 inch rebar anchors were instalied in all permatrost areas. Although the rebar anchors tended to bena over in the active 1-3 foot layer of rrost during the first two freeze-thaw cycles, they were a tremendous cost saving success. In order to mitigate the slack caused by this benaing, automatic guy strand vises were installed on the guys, allowing the guys to be tightened periodically. Installation of these anchors is described in Chapter V. J. Vibration Dampers Major portions of the transmission line route between Kobuk & Shungnak Cross open areas of flat exposed tundras subject to frequent and sometimes very high (80-90 mph) winds. As these winds frequently Page 23 cause severe vibration problems Preforned SVD 01303 vibration dampers were installed on ail spans. Page 24 IV Design Calculations A. Soil Conductivity Tests One of our tasks was to deSign a ground grid with acceptable performance. Of particular concern was the demonstration of ground return in a permafrost area where grounding is considered to be particulariy difficult. Ground resistivity tests were conducted and are discussed in the Phase I report. Resistivities at the selected locations were low enough to warrant construction of the line. As noted in a U.S. Army Corps of Engineers report: The problem of electric earth grounding in cold regions is primarily one of making good contact with high resistivity soils. - . - eThe fact is that the resistance of frozen soils can be ten to a huncred times higher than in the unfrozen state. Tests at Shungnak indicated a resistivity of 17,200 ohm/m3,. Caiculation ot Resistance to Ground (for one ground rod)7: R= _P (ln 4L - 1) P = 17,260 £/cm3 2nL a L = 30 ft. = 914 cm. R= 20.2 OHM a = 5/8" = 1.58 cm. Six multiple ground rods would theoretically reduce this to 20%, or less than 54. If we are fortunate to achieve an earth resistance of Page 25 less than 5/vat each site, the total grouna return resistance would be roughly equal to the total line resistance. Tests on well casing at Kobuk indicate that the resistivity is considerably less at lower depths. Actual resistance is lower than the theoretical calculated above. Field investigation and tests confirmed the depth of year-round groundwater as determined by existing wells and resistivity tests for Gifierent depths. Electrode Resistance Test Results Powerhouse Electrode Waterplant Electrode Hd Test 1A I ~ >10,000 Test 2A E 250 Test 3AB in parailel E 250 Test 4AB in parailel E 250 Test SABC F 500 Test 6ABC G >10,000 Test 7ABC H >10,000 Note: 10,000 OHH is the maximum scale on the Megger used. The low reading of 250 OHM is probably due to the waterpipe traveling close to the ground grid. The second test was conducted near the river, above the ice level, where ground rods were sunk eight feet into the soil. With three electrodes spaced on a one hundred foot line, the resistance of a Page 26 single ground rod was 446 OHM, Three electrode tests in Kobuk were conducted along a line betweerr the school ana a casea PHS test well. In the first test, the school well was used as the test electrode, yielding a resistance of <.01 OH. The seconu test, yielding a resistance of >10,000 OHH, utilized a 10' x 5/8" copper-clad ground rod driven three feet deep. The last test, using the PHS cased well as-the test electrode, yielded a resistance or <.01 OHM. Because ot the test results in Shungnak, furtner tests were made to test upstream sites. Tests were made on a biuff 20 feet from the slew area (Tést 1), a wide spot in the slew (Test 2), and another’ site close to Test site 2 (Test 3). Tne results are summarized below: Probe spacing (a) ft. 25 30 30 30 Resistance (R) OHH fe 4 4 50 Resistivity (P)=PAR OHii -crm 359,000 980 17,200 287,000 By Structure Overturn Calculations The following are overturn calculations performed for wind loading Page 27 8% ebeg ainjonIzAZS awerg-x +:¢ aInbry wears 2 Via" SvauNS 2ti0h BNBY9IFY 37g OK M $M = 0 =F, x 30 ft. - (CG +W) 10 ft. + Fp x 15 ft. 0 = Fon x 30 - 1500 x i0 + Fp x 15 ie. 30 Fo, + 15 Fp = 15000 2 Fy, + Fp = 1000 mW . Wind Surface Area of Wire = 2 Pp ee x 600 ft.] A = 37.5 fe" for 2 wires Drag coefficient for wire cylinder Say 1.0 = Cy Drag force D on wire For = D = Cy(pV2/2)A For For 2 For 0.0437 Fp = Cy ee JA for poles (2 of them) ae x V’ x 1/2) 30 x 0.75 x 2 Fp = 0.052V" Cy (pV2/2)A for wire 0.075 2 1.0 [ 32.2 * Vv" x 1/2] 37.5 £t. " = 1.0 (¢ 1Eop 2 2 (0.0437V7) + 0.052V" = 1000 v = 1000 0.1394 V = 85 ft/sec Fo = 1000 = 7173 J 58 mph Page 29 Cc. Conuuctor Selection Selection of the proper conductor is based on a complicated combination wnich relates: 1. tower height; 2. Span; 3. weight of the line, inciuaing loading fron a) ice, b) wind, c) temperature; 4. strenyth or the line; 5. economics. Tower height nas peen selecteu at @ minimum of 34.3', which yielded a aesicn sag ot 7.4'. Span _iength shoula be as long as possiple for the greatest economy. Conauctor loading was selected ror a heavy loading district. Loading includes 0.50-inca radgial thickness of ice around the conductor; horizontal wina pressure ot 4 pounds per square foot; and a temperature of OOF. for this example. Reguireu strengtn of the line is the parameter to be calculated. It includes sag and a safety factor. Maximum allowable sag was already calculated at 7.4' anda safety factor of 2 under heavy loading conditions. Page 30 Econouic considerations include operating costs (line losses and maintenance) and construction cost, Calculation Exalyp, Oo The general equation for maximum stress in pounds (based on parabolic assumptions) on the line is: T=ws s2 + l6u2 8a where w = weight of cable and load, pounds/fit. (from manufacturer) s a span length maximum sag Assuming: 1. The longest span is desirable; 2. Sag is limited by the tower height at 7.4 ft. as determined earlier. The constraints are: 1. Conauctor strength; 2. Conductor weight. Alumowelida #4 Awg 2/5 (2 Aluminum, 5 Alumoweld) Distribution Conductor was selected over #1 and Alumoweld 7 No. 8 [use of two Alumaweld (AWAC) #4, 2/5 (2 aluminum, 5 alumoweld) conductors instead of one AWAC #1, 2/5 conductor]. The weight to strength ratio of these conductors is very similar. The combined strength of the two #4, 2/5 conductors slightly exceeds the single #1, 2/5 conductors for a Similar span, the #4 conductor has a sag close to the #1, but at half the tension. The smaller diameter of the #4 conductor also reduces Page 31 ice and wind loading. The cost of these conductors, as with shipping, is calculated by weight. The cost per 100 ibs. with the total weight for 22 miles of #4, 2/5 is slightly less than 11 miles of #1, 2/5. 1. Breaking tension: 16,500 lbs.; working tension*: 8,000 ibs. 2. Weight: .34 lbs./it. *Design shoula allow a safety factor of 2 under heavy loading conditions. Solve ror T, tor several values of S: Caiculation A: w 034 lbs./tt. + .31 lbs./it. (factor added for neavy 265 Ibs./ft. loading conditions) 800 rt. Ss Resuit: T = 7,032 lbs. Caiculation B: w= .65 ibs. s = 8650 it. Result: T = 7,938 lbs. Note: These calculations are sufficient for estinating spans and acceptable conductors, however, the actual caiculations used to determine sag ana tension under different loading conditions and temperatures are more complicated. This data is available from the manufacturer's computer. ond Or Te Information on both Alumoweld No. 1 Awg 2/5 and No. 4 Awg 2/5 Distribution Conductor and Alumoweld 7 no. 8's ground wire is collected here for comparison: Page 32 Breaking Load Weight/m Resistance/m Cost* Alunoweld No. 1,2/5: 16,500 lbs 340 ibs/in 0197 fii = $310/im Alumoweld No. 4,2/5: 16,895 lbs 169 lbs/m $170/iu Alumoweld 7 no. 8: 16,500 ips 262 Lbs/m 045 fia $226/m *F.0.B. Copperweid Plant, Glassport, Pennsylvania Support structures carry the conductor at a typical height of 35.8 feet, ailowing 15.8 to 17.8 feet of allowable sag. The Code requires that the iainimum clearance be met under the worst expected loading conditions. The manutacturer's data shows that under heavy loading conditions, spans between 600 and 700 feet are periwissable. E. Hain Bolt The tensile force on the bolt is equivalent to that exerted by the nut, aS no conductor or guy tension is transferred pole to pole through this bolt. This 3/4" bolt has a minimum tension strength of 18,350 lbs. With a safety factor of 2, there is sufficient strength to hold 2 power poles together. The shear force on the bolt is equivalent to the force applied at the location of the bolt, required to maintain the pole at a 17.50 angle to vertical. Page 33 Vv Plannina and Construction Techniaues This Chapter is a step by step guide prepared to document the actual construction of the SWGR line. Triais and errors during the construction are exposed and alternative solutions presented. A. Routing of Line and Right-of-Way Procedure The right-of-way for the proposed transmission line fron Shungnak to Kobuk was selected to minimize the need for extensive tree clearing, negate aesthetic and environmental impacts, and avoid all native allotinents (See Figure 3). Using input from public hearings, local residents, government oificials, aerial photographic reconnaissance, extensive field review, and reference publications, such as "Environmental Criteria for Electric Transmission Systems", an accessible right-of-way was selected from rour possible alternatives. The selection process was an unusually long and expensive one due to the presence of native allotments along the route. An initial survey between Kobuk and Shungnak was performed and following the survey, allotments were located on the survey map from official BLM records and allotment owners were contacted to secure right-of-way grants authorizing the construction of the line. This proved to be a very frustrating exercise because some of the Page 34 cE e8eq — S.N.G.F LINE ROUTE — NATIVE ALLOTMENTS (APP ROY.IM ATE) @ CORNEA AND STORM GUY LZCETIONS DRAWN’ \a> , CHECYED, ViMEC| FER 1984 owners of record were deceased, others refused to allow for the right-oir-way without substantial compensation, and others never responded to inquiries. Even more frustrating was the fact that many ot the ailotiments were not surveyea and were not located as depictea on BL records. In addition, rights-of-way across allotments would have reguirea approval by the Bureau of Indian Affairs, a process estimated to take two years. Following severai days of rield reconnaissance, interviews and field trips with allotment holders and knowledgeable residents, .ali allotments within the selected area between Kobuk and Shungnak were locatea in tne field. Frequently these allotments were not as depicted on orficiai BLN maps and status plats, in one instance by more than a mile. Based on this information and the survey data generated, a right-of-way was iaentiried and re-surveyed. The selected right-of-way avoided all allotments, minimized required clearing, is in compliance with FAA stipulations, is not visible from the Kobuk River, is not visually obtrusive from Kobuk or Shungnak, is readily accessible, and follows a route which would be acceptable for any future road alignment contemplated. Subsequent to the right-of-way survey, public hearings were scheduled and held in both Kobuk and Shungnak to present the alignment. No adverse comments or objections to the route were received. The route Page 36 has since been named the Northline Trail by local residents, after Northline Electric Company, who constructed the line, and is used as a snowmachine trail between the two villages. Tne majority of the lana traversea was under the management jurisdiction of the Bureau of Land Management. Virtually all the lana had been selectea by the two Native village corporations, Kodvukment, Inc. ana Isingnakment, Inc. These two corporations had merged with the regionai corporation, NANA Corporation, which has since received title to the lana from the BLM. Both NANA Corporation and the BLii authorized the right-of-way construction of the transmission line. These letters of non-objection and right-of-way documents are included in Appendix C. The transmission line right-ot-way entered the Townsite of Shungnak enroute to AVEC's generation facility as shown in Appendix C. A right-of-way permit was issued by the BLM townsite trustee following the adoption of the resolution authorizing this right-of-way by the Shungnak City Council (also in Appendix C). Authorization for a right-of-way on the Village of Kobuk's land was obtained from the Kobuk Council and is included in Appendix C. As the Northline Trail avoids all individual allotments, the right-of-way did not require individual allottee approval or BIA Page 37 concurrance, The only other authorizations necessary were obtained trom the FAA and the State of Alaska, Historic Preservation Officer (See Appendix D). It Shoulda be pointed out that the right-of-way was rercuted from its original survey in order to be in compliance with FAA's setback Stipulation. The right-of-way setback stipulation was, in fact, exceeded by fifty feet ror a total setback of 8304+ feet from the end or the Kopuk Airstrip. B. Timper Cruise anda Harvest With spans of four to seven huncrea feet between X-frame structures approximately 180 poles were required for the transmission line. These poles had to be a minimum of thirty-five reet in height, with a top diameter of five inches to meet minimum specifications. As no reliable, accurate data concerning the forest resources of the Kobuk area were available, an informal timber cruise was conducted over a4 period of two days on the thirty mile stretch of the Kobuk River, north of Kobuk. The timber cruise, conducted with the use of a secant scale-slope correction clinometer, revealed that there was an abundance of trees meeting these specifications. The trees were found in four different stands; two within six river miles of Kobuk on the Kobuk and Kogoluktuk River in T18N, R9-1OE, KRM, & T17N, R1OE, KRM, and two Page 38 along a side channel of the Kobuk River just south of the Mauneluk River in T17N, R11E, KRN. All trees meeting the height and diameter requirements were estimated to be between one hundred and two hundred years old. The most limiting factor in locating available trees for harvest was the presence of native allotments, which were to be avoided. BLM recoras and status plat information were transferred to timber cruise maps to avoia these allotments; however, the allotments were frequently not located in the field as depicted on the official plats. In situations where unmapped allotments were found, local residents were consulted prior to harvesting in order to make certain no trees were cut on these allotments. The presence of the mapped and unmapped allotments substantially reduced the amount of available timber for harvest; however, the forester in charge of the timber cruise is confident that no trees were cut on allotments or in areas restricted by the BLM permit dated June 12, 1980 (Appendix D). In the spring ot 1981, during seasonal high water, the 183 local white spruce trees were marked, cut, skinned, and floated down the Kobuk River to the Dahl Creek boat landing, a point roughly half way between Kobuk and Shungnak. Two 5-man crews, using chain saws, chain saw ginches; and four skiffs, accomplished the task. The City of Kobuk's John Deere 450 was utilized to pull the new poles from the river. The harvest was completed prior to July 1, as required by BLM. All stipulations of BLM's letter permit and timber sale contract were Page 39 adhered to. Cc. Pole Treatment, Preparation and Transport Poles were sorted by length and size in pairs and elevated from the ground to air dry. The butts were then treated with three coats of creosote. Insulator and center bolt holes were drilled, and contact surfaces flattened with a chainsaw. Transport of the poles was accomplished with the village John Deere 450 tractor and a 30 foot sled on metal runners. The operation was conducted in December after the ground was sufficiently frozen and covered with snow to prevent damage to the tundra and ground cover. De. Ground Grid Installation Following the soils resistivity tests, perrormed in Kobuk and Shungnak as described in Chapter III, ten 30-foot sectional ground rods were installed 30 feet apart with a gas jackhanmer. These were cadwelded to 1/0 non-shielded copper cable all of which was buried approximately one toot. The grids at both locations were fenced off and marked with high voltage danger signs. The copper grid cable running up a single pole within this fence was covered with a plastic guard. Page 40 E. Drilling of Corner and Anchor Holes A "Simco" hydraulic drill rig was utilized for Grilling 14 inch holes for the single pole corner structures. A gin pole and chainsaw winch assembly on tne John Deere 450 was used to erect the poles. Smaller portabie "Minute Man" drili rigs were used to drill six inch anchor holes in permafrost free areas. Expanding plate anchors were installed in these for storia and corner guys. Ali hole Grilling was done during the winter months to minimize damage to the tundra while transporting the drill rig behind the John Deere 450 bulldozer. The drilling operation was extremely expensive, time consuming, and frustrating. This was primarily due to the extremely cold weather during this construction period and the difficulty of drilling 6-foot holes in frozen clay. Due to this and the difficulty of transporting the equipment across the tundra and expense ot airlifting the equipment to Kobuk, it is recommended that any future projects eliminate or severely limit the amount of drilling necessary to complete the project. The biggest cost savings would come from using a guyed X-frame or tripod on ail corners, thereby eliminating the need to drill for single corner poles. Page 41 F. Installation or Rebar Ancnors Due to the extremely Girficuit and expensive nature or ariliing in periiatrost areas, a rebar anchor was developed for these approximately 50 anchor Locations. Using &@ gas jackhammer, two 5-root sections of 3/4 inch rebar were joined together and pounded into the grouna as illustrated, G. Erection and Stringing Line X-fIrame structures were assembled at respective pole locations and erected with a chainsaw winch and gin pole as illustrated. The structures were erected in 1/2 - 3/4 mile sections and held up with temporary rope guys tied off to three foot rebar stakes. These 1/2 to 3/4 mile sections of X-frames (located between stormguyed deadends or corner locations) were strung with wire by placing wire in pulleys on the A-frames, pulling, tensioning, and sagging it before tying them Page 42 oii on the X-fraie insulators. The temporary guys were then removed, the structures being supported by the conductor. Page 43 Chain Saws and Chain Saw Winches 3 legged gin pole with pullies A frame secured with temporary i ropes on rebar stakes Chainsaw winch secured By temporary 4' stake Due to unusually nigh (100 mph gusts) winds trom the east during the winter of 1981-1982, a section or iine blew over. To correct this problem, 4-Loo0t, 3/4 inch rebar putt anchors were installed on buti degs or all A-irrames along nortu-south alignments. This adequately corrected the problem. Photo of "butt anchor" installed on both legs of structures susceptible to wind damage. Page 45 H Traneroriners. Curonts and Rirdh=lis All transformer locations as describea in Chapter III, Section B with the exception of the 50kva transformer in Shtmgnak were fused with 3 ap fuses. In addition, cutouts were installed at both pole 87 and l, to control the ground return system vs. the overhead neutral. Figure 2 on page 16 illustrates the fuse positions to acconiplish this switch. Birdbalis were installed petween structure 3 and 5 for airplane safety. Page 46 VI. Cost bata Item Cost Phase I (Contract 1) Public Hearings, Planning & Design $ 35,000 Phase II (Contract 1) Survey, timber harvest, survey, pole preparation, ground grids, transport poles, cut r/w, crill corner and anchor holes . 297,000 Phase I (Contract 2) Install rebar anchors, install harcware, erect and string line 150,000 Phase II (Contract 2) Maintenance 22,100 Phase III (Contract 1) Fina. Report 32000 $507,100 Overall Cost: 10.45 niies + $507,100 = $48,500 per mile Page 47 VII Performance and Maintenance A. History The SWGR line nas proved to be a reliable system that functions well either as a single wire or two wire system. Considering the extreme climatic condition under which the system was built and now operates, the low budget, the extent of local labor used, and experimental nature ot its key components, it has been very successrul overall. The history of the SWGR maintenance is a sad one as the majority of the money the State allocated was spent on emergency situations that should not have occurred. Due to the experimental nature of the structures, anchors, and concept, the line required almost immediate maintenance attention primarily in the form of personal training and tightening or structure guying following the seasonal freeze-thaw cycles, Despite numerous warnings to the State that serious problems would arise in the event these guys were not tightened during the critical first year of operation, maintenance monies were not released for almost two years after the construction was complete. AS predicted, when the guys slackened due to structures settling and rebar anchors pulling horizontally through the top 2-3 feet of seasonal frost, a corner structure broke resulting in very costly repairs. Page 48 Other unnecessary and unfortunate emergency trips were made to Kobuk-Shungnak by the contractor before the iaintenance contract was issueu. Yuese liuciudeu two trips cto Shungnak to turn on the tein breaker Supplying power to Kobuk after the AVEC operator had forgetrully left it orf after generator maintenance. Another emergency trip to Shungnak was required after an insulator was shot and broken. In short, if training and routine maintenance of the line had been authorized immediately following the construction of the line, the naintenance proolems experienceG would have been eliminated ana maintenance monies woulda not have been exhausteu. The maintenance contract was Lileily issued in June or 1983 ana since that time a service manual nas been prepared, men in Kobuk have been trained, all the guys tightened, structures straightened and minor problems corrected. A sumiary of this maintenance is included in Appendix F. Specitic maintenance recoimendations for the critical components follow: Page 49 B. x-Franes These structures are essentially maintenance free other than visual and/or random Checks to make sure the boics are tight. The structures do settle slightly into the tundra (3" - 12"), however this is not a laintenance problem. (See Appendix B for ali structure diagrams) Cc. Anchors and Guys Firm stationary anchors ana tight guys are critical to the reliable Operation of the transmission line. The rebar anchors installed along the majority of the line pull horizontally through the top two to three feet or seasonal frost (the area above the permafrost). Due to this characteristic of the anchors and the X-firames tendency to settle, the guy wires must be tightened periodically, especially Guring the first two years of operation. D. Maintenance Recommendations The service tmanual prepared for the line gives a thorough breakdown of key maintenance items and the recommendations contained therein should be adhered to. At a minimum, the line should be inspected bi-annually, all guys should be tight, and structures straight. Page 50 VIII Recoimendeu Construction and Estimated Costs This chapter summarizes ali tne cost saving techniques and methoas learnea auring the course of constructing the line. The second part of the chapter embodies a construction cost guesstimate of building another X-frame line unaer the same conditions. Cost Saving Items 1. The most expensive construction cost of the project was Grilling pole and anchor noles in the permafrost. A tremendous cost saving would be realizea by using guyed X-rrames or tripods at ali corner locations and continue using rebar anchors tor anchoring guys. 2. All X-irame legs snoula be anchored with 4' - 5' rebar "butt anchors", As described earlier, if these had been installed during construction a section of line would not have blown over. Installation of these anchors prior to the actual erection of the line would eliminate the need for the "butt wires" holding the two legs together and would facilitate the erection of the structure. 3. All native allotments should be located in the field with the allottee and avoided. As BLM records are frequently inaccurate and the BIA has very restrictive regulations concerning these Page 51 allotments, a great deal of time and expense can be saved by acconplishing this before routing and surveying the line. 4. Generally, minimizing the use of heavy machinery and Maximizing the use of local labor is very economical and efticient. This also provices the community with an obvious direct benefit as jobs are scarce in these rural communities. 5. Light weight steel telescoping sectional poles could possibly be usea ror tne construction of this system. These would be particularly applicavle in areas where no local timber is availabie. Be Estimatea Construction Cost Any cost estimate made at a conceptuai stage shoulc be allowed a large margin for error. Standard procedure for cost estimates is to break the job into ail its components, cailed units, and then apply a labor and material cost to each unit. The sum of the units is then taken together with other costs such as transportation and freight, and finally a percentage for overheaG and profit. Conventional power lines (R.E.A. specifications) have a standardized system of unit costs. Since the flexible xX-frame being recommended by this report has only been built once, a somewhat more general approach is being taken toward estimating its cost. Page 52 1. Labor Previous cost experience on the Kobuk-Shuncnak line included a high percentage or unskilled locai labor. Under Alaska State iaw, a local government bocy, such as a village, are exempt from Davis-Bacon wage laws and other contractor laws. On future village interties it is not very likely the normal electrical contractors and Davis Bacon regulations will be set aside. In view Or tnis, for the purposes of cost estimation, we will assure that all work would pe done by a licensed and bonded outside electrical contractor employing oniv certified linemen vaid "Davis Bacon" scale wages. In 1982, the prevailing "Davis-Bacon" wage rate for lineman is as follows: SS Straight time basic wage $ 25.15 Fringe Benefits (1) 5.45 Employer Costs (2) 8.66 $ 39.26 (1) Fringe benefits include standard union benefits, e.g. pension, health and welfare, training, etc. (2) Employer costs are FICA, ESC, workman's comp, other insurances, etc. Rural Alaskan construction projects are always worked a minimum of 6 ten hour days per week. This overtime has an additional impact on the cost. A composite rate can be formulated as follows: Page 53 40 S.7. hours @39.26 = $1,570.40 20 O.T. hours @52.89 = ] 80 $2,748.20 2,748.20/60 = $45.80/hour (1982 dollars) 2. WNaterials Since the majority of any ruture lines will be comprised or taugential structures, spaceu at 6 per mile, a reasonably celiable estimate coula be based for all tangential structures plus a factor for deadenus. Terminations and river crossings over about 900' have to be handled individually. Page 54 36 Flexible A-Freme Tangential Sixucture (Estimated in 1982 dollars) Quan bescription Wt Unit Pricei Ext $ Ext wt 2 35/6 prearilileu, treatec pole 700 62.352 164.70 14C0 2000 Alumoweld 16% 262/ii 287.91/ii3 570.80 520 L Pole top-sadale-assi. 60 125.00/ea4 125.00 60 2 Post top insulator- horiz. . 30 53.00/ea5 106.00 60 J; Post top insulator- vert. 25 32.10/ea5 32.10 25 3. Clamps 1 6.00/ea5 18.00 3 Lot Misc hardware, bolts, etc. 6 15.004 15.00 6 2 Rebar anchors 10 4.00/ea4 8.06 26 3 Danipers 12 35.00/ea4 105.00 36 1143.80 2130 1 Unit prices are F.0.B. Seattle or Anchorage. 2 Cascade, Seattle quotation for 200 pentatreated, predrillea, gained, 35 ft., class 6 poles delivered f.0.B. Seattle dock. 40 ft., class 6 poles were 120.80/ea, 885 lbs. 3 Copperweld Bimattalics, manufacturers jist prices 50,000+ foot quantity, F.O.B. Reno, Nevada. 4engineers estimate 5A.B. Chance, list prices C903-1402, 32.10; C903-1602, 53.00; C903-9510, 6.00. Page 55 3. Freignt Transportation modes for freight typically involve both barge and air. In order to show typical costs for freight, the Bethel area was selected. The following are typical rates, based on 35' poles, 1982 season; Barge: Seattle to Bethel, Foss, 8.83/106 ibs., earliest sailing May 10, last sailing, August 30. Barge: United Transportation, Bethel to Eek - 4.03/C, Bethel to Tuluksek - 3.78/C, Bethel to Kasigluk - 3.78/C. Air Commercial: Wien, Anchorage to Bethel - 31.20/C, Anchorage to Eek - 52.30/C, Anchorage to Tuluksak - 52.30/C, Anchorage to Kasigluk - 52.30/C. Air Charter: A.I.A. Hercules 44,000 ibs nominal, Anchorage to Bethel - $12,540 or 28.50/C (offloading not included). The minimum barge rate for material offloaded at the nearest village would total 12.85/C. Cost per structure would be 12.85 X 21.3 = $273.70. Air freight runs about four times the cost of barge freight. Actual costs would run somewhere between since not all material would be barge shipped and the contractor would have to charge interest on barge shipped material costs for Page 56 upwards of three months since the contractor would not be reimbursed until material was on site, For purposes of this estimate, costs are developed as follows: Assuming the poles and conductors are shipped by barge 12.85 X 19.2 = $246.72. Interest of 2% per month is included at 734.70 X -06 = $44.08. And the remainder of the freight is shipped by air commercially or 52.3 X 2.1 = $109.83. The cost of freight per structure would total $400.63. 4, Transportation - Personnel 1 Wien Air Alaska fares (1982 prices) Anchorage - Bethel RT $292.00 Bethel - village within 70 miles 62.00 + Assuming 6 round trip (RT) air fares per 7-10 mile segment, 354.00 X 6 + 7 = $303.42/mile. 5. Labor Using the estimated man hours from the Kobuk-Shungnak line experience and converting these hours to a per unit basis for Page 57 three phase, the following estimate is presented: ktention Structure Assembly 4 hrs. each 4 Structure Delivery 2 hrs. each 2 Structure Erection 12 hrs. each 12 Conductor Installation 20 hrs./ii _39,6 J 57.6 Cost per structure would average 57.6 X 45.80 = $2,638.08 (1982 doliars) 6. Equipment Rental Various methods of construction could be used to erect a flexible X-frame powerline. For instance, the Kobuk project used 2 snowmachines, 1 small cat and 40 ft. sled, 1 gas fired jackhanmer, Chain saws and chain saw winches. Although a helicopter was not used extensively, helicopter rates are included in the event the location required one. Typical rental rates (in 1982 dollars) include: Page 58 Snow machine (Alpine) $ 45/day Rotary jackhanuuer 3 25/day Chain saw winch $ 25/day Helicopter (1000 ib) $260/hr. Helicopter (4000 lb) $2000/nr. For purposes of this estinate $600/day and 1/2 day per structure are reasonable estimates for the use of a helicopter. This works out to $450/hour, or a cost of 600 x 1/2 x 8 - $2400 per nile. For a helicopter to be economical, every hour it works should save about 20 man hours. 7. Right-ort-Way Clearing Right-of-way clearing is very difficult to estimate as some locations require extensive clearing while others do not require any. For the purposes or this estimate, a cost of $2,000 per mile is reasonable. 8. Camp Costs Room and board is estimated at 7 man-days per structure at $75 (1982 basis) or $525 per structure or $4200 per mile. Page 59 9. Mobilization, Denobilization & Incirect Costs Hopilization includes all the costs ot organizing men, material, toois, ana eyuipment to the job site. Indirect costs include job site telephone, etc. Mobilization is estimated at 8% and demobilization at 3%, including indirect job costs, 10. Sunary To arrive at a cost per mile (in 1962 dollars), the costs discussed above on a per mile basis are presented: iiaterial 1143.80 x 8 $ 9,150.40 Labor 2638.08 x & 21,104.64 Freight 400.63 X 8 3,204.96 Travel 303.46 x 6 2,427.36 Eguipment Rental 2,400.00 Roon & Board 4,200.00 Right-or-way Clearing 2,000.00 Liob & Deiob (11%) 1,219,45 Sub Total $45,706.81 Engineering, Surveying, Right- of-Way Procurement and project coordination (15%) — 6,856.02 Sub Total $52,562.83 Allowance for inflation, contingencies (15%) 1,864.42 — $60,447 Approximately $60,500 per mile. 11. Ground Grias and Terminals Botn the Kobuk and Shungnak ground grids cost approximately $40,000. Page 60 A reasonable cost estimate in 1982 dollars is $40,000 per terminal (until this cost is further defined). 12. River Crossings River crossinys are not incluaea in the above cost estimates and have to be dealt with on an inaividual case by case basis. For use as our example, a 1580 toot river crossing requiring a clearance limit of 40 foot is estimated as follows: Frou the manuracturer's table of sag data presented in the conceptual design section, under heavy loaded conditions, we could evpect a sag of at least 40 reet, if we allow for location at a point 15 feet above mean high water level ana 10 feet pole setting deptn. Required poles will be at least 75 feet high. Anything over 40 feet usuaily inciudes a penalty charge of $120 per foot. To get a 75 root, class 3 pole to an area like Bethel would probably cost: Page 61 Pole (FOB Seattle) Barse cost, 306U ib. 08.63 35 foot overaye @$150.rt. Wh te ee 4, Helicopter time for pole to move from Betiiel to site: 2 nr @1,060 Total river crossing costs wouid exceea: aterial: (4) 75' poles 7 (4) 40' poles 600G' 16% Aluacwela Misc. cross arnis, etc. Labor: Dig anda set 8 poles, string éna tension conauctors, 500 man-hours @45.86 Uther Costs: Estimated @30% TOTAL ay ann aa Yo arvevervy 270.00 —52250,00 $ 6,520.00 —21000.00 $ 8,520.00 $34,080.00 1,000.00 1,572.00 —21000,00- $38,652.00 $22,900.00 18,465,600 $e0 ,017.60 Estimated total river crossing costs: $80,000.00 Tnese river crossing expenses apply to navigable river crossings only. Crossing a smaller river involves a much shorter span length and woulda cost less. Other river crossings under about 900 feet use standard structures with no significant cost impact. Page 62 Is Sunwiary The Koouk-Snungnak single wire ground return transmission line was a success. The project was successful because it proved tilt the single wire grounu return concept worked in the arctic but, more important, it proveau that the construction of a conventional single phase line tying two remote villages to a sinyle power source is not only teasiple, but relatively inexpensive. In summarizing the project the author woulda iike to point to the various reasons for tne project's success anu summarize various reconmendations for future projects of this type. The triumpiu or the project is most apparent wien one reviews certain Characteristics of energy in rural "bush" Alaska. To begin with, most Alaskan villages nave smail electric loads and are served by sail inefficient fossil-fueled generating plants. Power supply systens Sharing a common generation facility such as Kobuk anda Shungnak now enjoy a major advantage in that diesel generators become more efficient and thererore consuine less fuel as their size increases. As the already high fuel prices for rural Alaska rise in the future, this will become more and more important. Another very important realization is the fact that building conventional 3-phase electric transmission systems in arctic/tundra/permatrost conditions is far more difficult and expensive than constructing the system described herein. This is Page 63 primarily due to the tremendous expense of drilling pole holes or other foundation wethods required by a conventional system in the permafrost, as well as the fact that the line developed here can be built using a high percentage or iocal labor and local resources. Tnis is particularily valuable in Light of high unemployment rate rural Alaska faces. As far es long range energy planning for rural Alaska, it is very apparent that any alternative energy Sources, such as the proposed hydroelectric racility on Cosiios Creek near Kopuk and Shungnak is depenaent on an economicaily viable electric transmission system tying wore than one village into the eneruy source. A suimiary Of cost saving recommendations for future projects of this type is presented in hopes that future projects will benefit. The most expensive unnecessary construction cost incurred was Grilling pole anchor holes and pole holes in permafrost. These could be eiiminated using guyed X-frames or tripods and rebar anchors. Rebar anchors should be used to secure all X-frame legs in place. This would eliminate the very real potential of having the structures blown over as weil as eliminate the need for a butt wire securing both legs of the X-frames. Any future lines should eliminate the ground grids which are fairly Page 64 expensive and use two wires creating a conventional system. The use of two wires is more efficient, does not add significantly to the cost, is safer, and allows for additional customers in between points without the installation of a sophisticated and expensive ground grid. Prior to any survey and staking work, native allotments should be located in the field with the allottee. Tnis will save considerable time, effort, and resurvey costs resulting from use of inaccurate BLH maps. The denonstratea development of an aifordable transmission system will hopefully provide the incentive and economic justification to aevelop alternative energy sources sSucnun as small hyaroelectric projects as well as provide interties between villages saving fuel, reducing Operation and maintenance costs, hopefully resulting in more efficient systems and holding the cost of electricity in these rural areas down. Page 65 ROUTE ALIGN? LEGEND POE TYPE XP 7 KG KP 2 Xm xe j Xe 2 Xe 1 XP | Xe 2 ry ®QQOOGIDOODO w KorouK Roe GPOUND GPIO KOBUK-SHUNGNAK S.W.G.R. |x 500! 1/o¢c/e' LEGEND DEt ALE. TYPE QO 1 G3 x~4 Oeiie Xm 4 ie . m4 I Stile YPRMPcK Nem P \ i : Soa! 08 ANY \ \ Din caese \ | 7D KOBUK-SHUNGNAK S.W.GR._ {'=x S00! 4/2>/l LEGEND POLE PAE TYPE 2 xe / @) XP} 5 ee CO xp 1 NORTH X™1 @) @ e> Ooo ot o a SSPE IOLEND OF TREES Oe, KOBUK-SHUNGNAK S.W.G.R. {lx 500! 1/16/85 : 2 LEGEND POLE # PLE TYPE @) Xe 1 ® XP 1 (@s) XAS © KES | @) XAS KES © XP% NORTH Go0' @) Soo DIACH HILL | LEGEND ©@Hoo00! N OLE TIPE Xo 7 Xm { Xe | KA f XA KA 4 Ye | TOP OF HILL ZERRE MRL CEES KOBUK-SHUNGNAK S.W.G.R. {'\%S00! 1/°0/e1 KOBUK-SHUNGNAK S. W. GR. jiles ea0! ‘6/8° KOBUK-SHUNGNAK S.W.GR. {'~ S00! ‘/16/ 2 7 ZONT: PPGE & OOOOOOHSGO # % rOLE TYPE XA 4 Xe 1 XP 1 KP 4 Xe 4 Km 4 Xm 4 xm] KOBUK-SHUNCINAK S.W.G.R. {ll S00! 1/fo/@1 3 {a3 S00! 1/16/24 Pole & OOOOOOO®H POLE TYPE xT Xe 4 eal Xh® XA xP KP2, x4 KOBUK-SHUNGNAK S.W.GR. . Aa ~ LEONPRD Dolgles ae BLOT MENT LEGEND POLES = POLE TYPE. @) X> 4 (@) Km | @%) XA 1 YR% (75) Xe] @) Ke @) Xe | Km 4 X> 1 KOBUK-SHUN‘SNAK S.W.G.R. |! S00! 1136/01 10 ¥ Ww 4k g & 2 we ©OOODOOO ¥ NORTH CONT, PPGE 12 KOBUK-SHUNGNAK S.W.G._R. * @©OHOOQOOOs “Poe TYPE | Xm 4 rm 4 Xe 4 he 1 Xm %> XA KPO Xt ete EST) MPRKEZ / FENCED TONN SHIP CORNER j GPEIND GRID - DOAMPCe ChEE “o'+ Beat OF BLOG, KOBUK-SHUNGNAK S.W.G.R eee ans ieee oO {2 500! 1/ 16/2) (2 [== | Cr AGE »7 abd S a = = ( a — —=z - _ 0 PLAN VIEW AO \ § < i / < | IN \ p> — g =f == \ 8 SZ - £ >} POLE TOP_PIN Aeeo EMR / : SE OX. A-AY || 2 [INSULAR BN TYPE It aS 1? xX Be | 1 2 [PIN POLE TOR |! xis! hell UY SRAND 1/4! | | I RROLT MACHINE S/O xREODU (ey | 2 [GUY CLAY RS | t [WASHER SCUKRE CURVED SxAnG ERA] | | [NU Fe | | 2 [PRE RVED GASLE TE |_| [BOUT MACH.. 24" XREQD LE: Lap EE or | TWACHER FLARE CURVED, Uh xif epee eee ee | | 1 [bece WA >i | REVSA: Tele EXPERIMENTAL 'SnGR! LINE CONSTRUCTION Pt 12.2 PRIMARY @- AAGE A- FRAME. CONSTRUCTION OF TO 57° ANGLE SNSLE PRMARY SUPRORT ft gennte-—--- Ay F mY gk ai : 20° why [REVDON: 1/2/a BPERMENTAL 'GnGR! UNE CONSTRUCTION 49 -L KN PRIMARY 2 PHASE VERTICAL COWSTRIUCTION S°TO GO? (MAK - ANGLE) Zit I 1 v Sf < “f} eer Sess | AS eKIKKEKE * Y . ee le: J ~ by eX Arica J Vey CMe? / (?-) is } a ne en fet N/ EE I \ 45RD! ic EWE. NOTE: 4EA “FF ~ ANCHOR ArsoM* > RQ L MATERA O | MITE RIAN IS KN IN@ULATOR DEAD Dp END Tt CLAMP. DEADEN D FRAN TYE Pe PHGLE THIMBLE EYELET */e! _ UPT PLATE PHOLE ee be SLRENS , 2/e! x >! __ vA BYEROT #/e' = _ - 4 [LOK Ne HER Sol _ 4+ |Nuo fe eee 4 [LINE CLAMP REVIGSoOHN: /e/Ai EXPERIMENTAL | SNGR' UNE CONSTRELCTION ‘he PREMARN (4 FHA E VERT CAL CONSTRELICTION G0°TO 90° ANELE CONERGE TO CNIE AKCHOR MATE RYAL INU LATOR -oLISPEN ACH VEAD EY DEAD BHD <sTKAIN CLAMP [ANGLE THIMO@LE EYELET | s/e ii “EYER ~ ei ale! EYENOT ise eel LIFT PAB Ere [ lalla Ue <LR EWS 34/o »~ Ill ak WASHER 5/e@ | UNE CRAM REDON : (eye EXPERIMENTAL 'GNGR! LINE CONSTRUCTION 1%. KN PRIMARY — PH AE. A- FRAME CONSTRIICTION - PEAID EHD (ROUBLE) | __ 7/18 TEM] NO | MATERIAL RIiMEA TAL "SNe ’ 7 VERTICAL CONSTRUCTION OF 70 6" PANSLE SiINaLE PRIMMe urproer | S INSULATOR AW TPE BN POLE TO Tot BOT, MACHINE 37287 rate heat na sentences eo WASHER tan CURMED FUR 9/e Lak WASHER wei NOS “S7ei BN VERTCAIL - _| PRKEPURMED APCe me FOE. ee dt LINE CON STRUC RN PRAT eS OE GROIN LEVEL y» NOTE: SEE “F-! FOR SNCHOR AGM | TEM] NO | MATERIAL 2 SPUT CONPUIT (AS, SCREWS CUTOLST CLAMP, CEADEND STRAIN ANGLE THMSLE 7LES 1 | CUTOUT BRACKET Z| BOLTS, MACHINE 5/e8 1 2 | NSASHER , Oe, QCURVED s/e PERIMENTAL GWNGRT ‘AL KN PRMAZY 2-FHASE BRTCAL COSTED Oo PEAD END (GNGLE) GROIHD GRID TAP OFF SCTE USE ITH | | 4 XF-1 AGSM UNI | TEH|NO | MATERIAL TEM | No] MATERIAL |& [WEIS AEN a Sa 6 | DEAD END (VE)STRAN CAMA | { [PIN, POLE Ter S | ANGLE TiNBLE EYE-ET Bout, VACHINE e610 xX 12 2KV PRIMARY 2-PHAGE SNGLE LUXE AP EXPESMENTAL looNG Re! Lt =S) | Anion ait GROND LEVEL” YZ il \% eee YA NOTE: | \\ < USE WITH ZEA Vy XF +1 ASEM UNI Zh AYGLE THIMALE EYLETS 5/6! Lol PT PLAST SCREENS , 3/61 XS! OVAL EYERBOUT 6/01 * LOCK WASHER se! PPP Ps] p/p SLPBRIMENTAL 'ONGR! LINE GoNcTRUCTION "Bee KV PRIMARY 2 PRASE VERTICAL COHSTRUCTION DPEbD EXD NOTE * FROIJECTION OF BNCHOR RODS LROVE EARTH WAY BE INCRESSED TO A MAX, OF 2""iIN CULTIVATED FIELDS CR — ST RER LLCATION _ NHERE NECESSARY TO PREVENT PUR NG OF THE ROD EYE APPROX APTER - oe —) ww / ee : / S2ZE OF We 3 TO BE ohVE fs jen (ean) he UNEX- ANCHOR THA Y/R lH lau sreeNP ic |_| ee ce PREFORMED MEAD ENP GLY | [ || | ANCHOR ROD 5/e"xX9! THN Bre sa EAPERIMENTAL |QNER. Bl EV PRIMARY 2 PHASE VERTICAL CONE RUCTION Gur | LINE CORSTRLCTION BL KV PRIMARY 2PHAOE VERTICAL COHSTRUCTION TRALEFORMER AT PEA>DPREYW EXPERIMENTAL IGN.G.R.! LUHE CONSTRUCTION APPENDIX C np. per: tonne RIGHT-OP-WAY AGRELUENTS —- : wah | Aree WARA (LGU0NAL CORPORATION, ING. POST OFFICE BOX 49 / KOTZEBUE, ALASKA 99752 / TELEPHONE (907) 442-3301 January 10, 1980 of Mr. Roger Bolstad BLM Area Manager Fairbanks District Office P.Q. Box 1150 Fairbanks, AK 99707 Dear Mr. Bolstad: I am writing this .etter in support of the proposed single wire ground return transmission line connecting the villages of Kobuk and Shunenak. This project, funded by the State Division of Energy and Power Nevelopment, would be con- structed almost entirely upon land to be conveyed to NANA, with the exception of individual native allotments. Please accept this letter as our support to this project. Due to the nature of this work and the importance of providing power to the peopie of Kopuk. we would appreciate your prompt consideration of this matter. Thank you. Sincerely yours, NANA REGIONAL CORPORATION, INC. | La, dr —~ ohn W. Schaeffe resident JWS/des \ Member Villages: Ambler, Buckland, Candie, Deering, Kiana, Kivalina, Kobuk, Kotzebue, Noatak, Noorvik, Selawik, Shungnak i : a) > 604 Ry wr, a Ut NAAR: RIGHT-OF-WAY AGREEMENT SINGLE WIRE GROUND RETURN DEMONSTRATION PROJECT WHDREAS Une State o1 ALaSka, Department of Commerce and Economic Development, Division of Energy and Power Development is in the process of implementing a Single Wire Ground Return Demonstration Project in the Shungnak, Alaska area, and WHEREAS it is expected to be of immediate benefit to the people of Kobuk that such a project be constructed, and WHEREAS it may be future benefit to the peoples of numerous other communities which could receive electrical power from an extension of this transmission line and the application of its principles to their areas, and WHEREAS it may be of -benefit to facilities adjacent or near to the line, and WHEREAS the power transmission line for such a project will travel across a portion of the lands encompassed by the NANA Corporation, therefore: The NANA Corp. its successor, heirs or assignees grants to the State of Alaska, Division of Energy and Power Development (DEPD) its successors, heirs or assignees, a 100 foot wide transmission line corridor between the city of Shungnak and the city of Kobuk across NANA Corp. lands subject to the following provisions: BG The corridor will follow approximately the path shown on attached "Exhibit A". au This agreement will expire ten years from the date of signature by the parties or at any time it is legally deter- mined that the line has ceased to function as an electric trans-— mission line. Ss NANA Corp., its members or designees will be accessed no charge for any costs attributed to the transmission line con- structed within the corridor, however, participation may be required for charges for line extensions, grounding points or terminations. 4. This agreement in no way infringes on NANA Corporation's use and ownership of the land except that NANA Corp. agrees to permit DEPD the right of ingress and egress along the corridor for activities required for construction, operations and main- tanence of the line and agrees not to construct or use of cause to be constructed or used anything which would affect the safety and integrity of the line or prevent DEPD's ingress and egress. No other interest or use of the land is implied nor a conveyed. 5. DEPD agrees to effect removal of the line within 120 days of the expiration of this agreement. PNVIRORMUNTAL SERVICES 6. DEPD has budgeted for and anticipated being responsible for the operation of the line for approximately one year follow- ing construction. At that time an effort will be made to deter- mine how best to devote any remaining value of the line to the public interest. DEPD recognizes NANA Corporation's interest in the line and will consider Negutactiviis VL LCianSfer of This agreement can be parties. NANA CORPORATION Pn. See NANA Corp. an interested party in any in tho line ownership. in the line. amended upon written consent of both | Signature {) [ROUEN a Title Date iv fio STATE OF ALASKA aye WAL Date Date APPROVED Department of Administration Date (NVIRONMENTAL SERVICES h IN REPLY REFER TO United S_ ses Department of the Inv or 2600 (260) AK-026-TSO-009 BUREAU OF LAND MANAGEMENT Fairbanks District Office P.O. Box 1150 Fairbanks, Alaska 99707 AG1920273;- Ms. Ciarisse Quinian \e SLY, é Alaska Department of Commerce o A and Economic Development ws 338 Denali Street 1 <9 Uw Anchorage, Alaska 99501 St Dear Ms. Quinlan: In reference to your letter requesting a right-of-way for a transmission line between Kobuk and Shungnak, the following is provided for your information. ar The subject lands lie within T. 17 N., R. 8 and 9 E., and T. 18 N., R. 8 and 9 E., Kateel River Meridian. All of the lands have been validly erlerted by the NANA Regional Corporation and the villages of Kobuk and Shungnak. b. There are no known valid existing rights along the proposed transmission line route. Gs The Decision Interim Conveyance (DIC) has already been issued for the village of Kobuk and will be issued for the village of Shungnak within the next several months. Due to a policy of not incumbering native selected lands after the DIC is issued, the Bureau of Land Management will not be able to proceed with a right-of-way permit on the lands in question. d. Based on the importance of this project to the area and on information received from you, including letters of non- objection from NANA Regional Corporation and the Department of Commerce and Economic Development, the Bureau of Land Management has no objections to the proposed transmission line. If we can be of further assistance, please contact this office. Sincerely, s 7 Doge ch od jh Yo od USE oAE FE Lf f Roger Bolstad Arctic-Kobuk Area Manager a NANA Regional Corporation Box 49 Kotzebue, Alaska 99752 RECEIVED JAN 4 9 1980 UNITED STATES ES naa D3PARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Bureau of Land Management XO 1 a a 701 "C" Street - Box 13 CM ya Anchorage, Alaska 99513 Vie rie ac. sf Re a TRUSTEE PERMIT from the TOWNSITE TRUSTEE FOR SHUNGNAK TOWNSITE to the NORTHLINE ELECTRIC COMPANY WHEREAS the NORTHLINE ELECTRIC COMPANY has requested a Right of Way Permit for the construction of a demonstration power line across Lots 2, 3, 11, and 12, Block 9, Tract "C" and across Richard Street in U.S. Survey 4417, Shungnak Townsite; and WHEREAS the city of Shungnak has agreed to the granting of the permit by resolution dated December 21, 1980; and WHEREAS title to the land is stiil vested in the U.S. Government; NOW THEREFORE, George E.M Gustafson, Townsite Trustee for Shungnak Townsite, HEREBY issues a trustee permit to the NORTHERN ELECTRIC COMPANY for a power line Right of Way across Lots 2, 3, 11, and 12, Block 9, Tract "C'" and across Richard Street as shown on attachment "A" submitted with the request and on file in this office. Effective Date: January 13, 1981 cc: City of Shungnak Shungnak, AK 99773 A ' he AmoA Atteac RICHARD SU-1B y 15 na NO3 [l, NO2 NOT 100 ww 1383s 100° SU-IA di sae renee) Ur lbees STREET 500° PRI = SU-i TO SU-Ia " STORE FUEL NOS ; 70 - 5 x 4 < < = SU-IE Se Pad vr ir = New = re NATIVE = STORE = ARCH NOI No2 185° 70" ure — a a KV GE Cik STREET VAS 700" PRI, SU-1 TO SU-13 ”\ ure 32 ee 33 * 03 i = L , . No = 40° \ 135 Ae. L J it 10, 8S? qo 6e RIGHT-OF-WAY AGREEMENT KOBUK ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM WHEREAS, the Village of Kobuk and the State of Alaska, Department OL Commerce and Ecunuiic Deveiopuent, Dawistow. ol: Energy ‘and Power Development are in the process of implementing an electrical distribution system in Kobuk. WHEREAS it is expected to be of immediate benefit to the people of Kobuk that such a project be constructed, and WHEREAS it may be future benefit to the peoples of numerous other communities which could receive electrical power from an extension of this transmission line and the application of its principles to their areas, and WHEREAS it may be of benefit to facilities adjacent or near to the line, and WHEREAS the distribution line for such a project will travel across a portion of the lands encompassed by the NANA Corporation,.therefore: The NANA Corp. its successor, heirs or assignees grants to the City of ¥ch»*, its successors, heirs-or assignees, a 10-foot wide transmission line corridor within the City of Kobuk across NANA Corn. lands subject to the following provisions: ale The corridor will follow approximately the path shown on attached "Exhibit A". 2. This agreement will expire ten years from the date of signature by the parties or at any time it is legally deter- mined that the line has ceased to function as an electric trans- mission line. 3% NANA Corp., its members or designees will be accessed no charge for any costs attributed to the transmision line con- structed within the corridor, however, participation may be required for charges for line extensions, grounding points or terminations. Right-of-Way Page 2 4. This agreement in no way infringes on NANA Corporation's use and ownership of the land except that NANA Corp. agrees to permit City of Kobuk the right of ingress and egress along the corridor for activities required for construction, onerations and inaintenancé of th® line and agrees not io construct or use of cause to be constructed or used anything which would affect the safety and integrity of the line or prevent City of Kobuk's ingress and egress. No other interest or use of the land is implied nor conveyed. Cm City of Kobuk agrees to effect removal of the line within 120 days of the expiration of this agreement. re City of Kobuk has budgeted for and anticipated being responsible for the operation of the line for approximately one year following construction. At that time an effort will be made to determine how best to devote any remaining value of the line to the public interest. City of Kobuk recognizes NANA Corporation's interest in the line and will consider NANA Corp. an interested party in any negotations or transfer of ownership in the line. NANA CORPORATION CITY OF KOBUK | Se) Pa love: ah “a, Signature S3jgnature Tre sen ee brane Title itle Date U/1-/ ¢o Date! | Vii ii Oo 4 ¢ \ ¢ Resolution of the City Council of Kobuk Date Deu | | A LG oO Whereas, the local governing body of Kobuk desires to participate in the Kobuk electrical system project, and, Whereas, the local governing body of Kobuk is entitled to reserve land under” Seo. I4-G-of the Aldska Native Claims Settlement Act, ahd; Whereas, the exact location of said 14-C reconveyed land has NOT yet been determined by the local governing body of Kobuk and NANA Regional Corporation. Therefore, the local governing body of Kobuk, does NOT have any objections to having the proposed distribution line cross any property the City will get title to on the accompanying map (Document #1). The City Council understands that it is granting a 10 foot easement. This 10 foot easement will be granted-to the State Division of Energy and Power Development orginally, and later on will be transferred to the electric company (co-op) in Kobuk. Passed at a meeting of the City of Kobuk on ate il SOs rs by a vote of 4 for and against. Signed: Dee a [ho Rt Vinrteee -_ Cee ple g Be frp Al ee APPENDIX D CORRES PONDENCE AND PERMITS JAY S. HAMMOND, GOVERNOR DEPARTS AYT OF MALURAL RESOURCES / . ‘ 619 Varehouse Dr., Suite 210 DIVISION OF PARKS Anchorage, Alaska 99501 January 7, 1980 Re: . 3130-2 (Dept. of Commerce & Economic Development) Dale Russnel] Dept. of Commerce & Economic Development Division of Energy and Power Development 338 Denali Street Anchorage, Alaska 99501 Dear Nr. Russnell: This office has reviewed a project consisting of a powerline to be routed from Shungnak to Kobuk. It is our understanding that the powerline is to be routed “sing tripods which will be set upon the ground surface and that no surface disturbance will be considered as part cf the project Doug Reger of this office has reviewed the project with Lynne Minton of Environmental Services, Ltd., and obtained the above descriptions of the project. We do not have any conflicts with this project based on the assumption that no subsurface dis- turbance will be permited as part of the project. db Ley Deputy SHO liam S. Hanable — Historic Preservation Officer cc: Lynne Ninton Environmental Services, Ltd. 835 W. 9th Avenue Anchorage, Alaska 99501 DR:clk | FEDEPAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION Se ee Seite ane, TIG oi Ss AFRONAUTICAL STUDY NO _ NOTICE OF PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION OR ALTERATION 80-AAL~16-0E Vow either retu: ‘Nie form or a IvFe B CLASS cee or ixaue 9 separete acknowledgement. (KJ ew construction [LX] rermactent e (Months) A. The propesed atructure: ; ALTERATION TEMPORAPY 3) starting 3/15/8 CO Doos not require « notice te FAA. | 2. MAME AMID ADDRESS OF INDIVIDUAL, COMPANY, CORPORATION, ETC. PROPOSING. X) Would not exceed any obstructicn THE CONSTRUCTION OR ALTERATION (Number, Street, Cits, State and Zip Code) stendere * Parl ee en not be r 5 DSbould be obstruction ( — markad | State of Alaska . ann Cee a tq. Division of Energy & Power Development [Obstruction marking and Lighting ara _/th Floor macKay Bldg. \ a nm the a | 338 Denali Street Scar gt a ic a . , Anchorage, Alaska 99501) B. FCC () was [) was not advised. Cari: Dale Rusnell a ERIS YATION EXPIRES —_ se in LELL | fileS® OTHERWISE EXTENDED] | *“"“Sprovided fo "A Frame" REVISED OR TERAUNA male parieei PRAPRSRTATT and configuration of power tructure or transmission ine is closer than 62 625 fee Yom the™ approach wh end or 335 ect from the*tenterliné of Kobuks airstrip. 3 COMPLETE | LUESCRIPTION oF SttuctU modified . TM or TV station cand assigned frequency: | ionuntsiien ‘line in vicinity of FAA facilities ax app opriate Transmission line structures will consist of "A frame" structures no greater than 30 feet in-height. ISSUING OFFICE: Alaska Region JEWING OFFICE! /Kix Peatfi L 4, LOCATION OF STRUCTURE iv. A COORDINATES (To nearest xcvond) B. NEAREST CITY OR TOWN, AND STATE | LATITUDE LONGITUDE Kobuk ‘| T - ‘| ‘| ~ | (1) DISTANCE FROM 48 (2) DIRECTION FROM 4B 3 | 54 [34K 156 $1 Bow | 500 Feet MILES North ce Cc. NAME OF NEAREST AIRPORT, HELIPORI, OR SEAPLANE BASE (1) DISTANCE FROM NEACTST POINT OF = (2) DIRECTION FROM | NEAREST RUNWAY ' AIRPORT Kobuk Airstrip Approx. 1100 East D. DESCRIPTION OF LOCATION OF SITE WITH RESPECT TO HIGHWAYS, STREETS, AIRPORTS, PROMINENT TERRAIN FEATURES, EXISTING STRUCTURES, EIC. (Attach a hiyhway, xtrect. or any other appropriate map or acaled drawing xhowing the relationxhip of conetruction ate to ncarcet Girport(s). If more space is required, continue on @ scparate shect of puper und attach to this notice.) | 4 | A. ELEVATION OF SITE ABOVE MEAN SEA LEVEL . | 145 feet A. BEGINNING — 2/15/80 The proposed transmission line will be directly to the east of the end of the Kobuk airstrip. See map. 5. HEIGHT AND ELEVATION (Compicte A, B and ( to the nearest foot) | 6. WORK SCHEDULE DATES HEIGHT OF STRUCTURE INCLUDING APPURTENANCES AND LIGHTING *. (iy any) ABOVE GROUND, OR WATER IF SO SITUATED 30 feet . B. END C. OVERALL HEIGHT ABOVE MEAN SEA LEVEL (A + B) 175 feet 7/18/80 | | YES | NO 7. OBSTRUCTION MARKED AND/OR LIGHTED IN AC- A. MARKED xX CORDANCE WITH CURRENT FAA ADVISORY CiR- CULAR 70/7460-1, OBSTRUCTION MARKING AND BIH ANIATION! RED) OBSTRUCTION! LIGHTS x | LIGHTING C. HIGH INTENSITY WHITE OBSTRUCTION LIGHTS A : . D. DUAL LIGHTING SYSTEM x and correct to the best of my knowledge. . I HEREBY CERTIFY that all of the above statements made by me are true, complet DATE TEL. NO. (Give arca TYPED NAME/TITLE OF PERSON FILING NOTICE SIGNATURE . to code) ynne Minton-Consultant - oe Coe ee ee 1/27/80 07-276-4216 Hovironmental Services Ltd. - wat a Notice is required by Part 77 of the Federal Aviation Regulations (14 C.F.R. Part 77) pursuant to Section 1101 of the Federal Aviation Act of 1958. as amended (49 U.S.C. 1101). Persons who knowingly and willfully violate the Notice requirements of Part 77 are subject to a fine (criminal penalty) of not more than $500 for the first offense and not more than $2,000 for subsequent offenses, pursuant to Section 902(a) of the Federal Aviation Act of 1958, as amended (49 U.S.C. 1472(a)). FAA Form, 7460-1 (1-76) surERSEDES PREVIOUS EDITION DO NOT REMOVE CARBONS 3 mes | | | FEDERAL AVIATION AtyiISTSATION —---—- NOTICE OF PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION OR ALTERATION a eee eee, tei RRC dinahe AIR BEEN IRimreneenie ne ata eeepc tosaie te f0-AAL-1.7-CE 1. NATURE OF STRUCTURE eT Pit aed et eT ry ana de — ee —--- FAA « er return thin form or A. TYPE B. Class Cc SPOROSED neie oF issue a separate acknowledgement. . 7 Pe a TIME APL X_] new consteuction ZN) PERMANENT (Months A. The proposed structure: ALTERATION [_Jrimporaey 3) starting 3/15/8 (Does sot require a notice to FAA. PrWould not exceed any obstruction 2. NAME AND ADDRESS OF INDIVIDUAL, COMPANY, CORPORATIAN, ETC. PROFOSING Se serdl CT IPSEC OF ase epelnices standard of Pa ad would pot be THE CONSTRUCTION OR ALTERATION (Number, Street, CWS y and Zip Code) a bazard to air navigation. r 4 DSbould be obstruction ( masked CO lighted per FAA Advisory Circwar 70,7601, Cho State of Alaska pr) 2 Obsatructi king and lightin eden af Fnergy & Power Newelapnent ; fo Obstruction, marking’) sad |iishing TO a - i Fiootr Mackay Bidz. Ci Requires supplamental notice. 338 Denali Street Use FAA form enclosed. a orare, Alaska 9950L-—:- a B. FCC () was {Jj was not advised. Anch ; 47 [rls BETERMINATION E, RES ATTH: Dale Rusnell eee NER eT wie LLL ee S OTHERWISE EXTENDEL ENDED! | "&4*5"A Frame" structures = a... | REVISED OR TERMINATED | of either side must not be 1 CONPICAE RSCaON Gr SIKeCIUAe iraciay frei Tainted Bae nt: [kocer than O35. feet frop tranxmission line im vicinity of FAN facilities as appeupreate). the runway centerline. 11 Transnissim line structures vill consist of “A franc" structures no greater than 30 feet-in height. How- ever, the line will be buried in the area immediately Rae Sri adjacent to the Dahl Creek airstrip. Alaska Region -REYIEWING OFFICER CALLS Pps 4. LOCATION OF STRUCTURE Ba T es 7 635 A. COORDINATES (74 nearest second) B. NEAREST CITY OR TOWN, AND STATE ; Assoicated city Dahl Creek) LATITUDE | LONGITUDE Bormite (Assoi ye ‘| ‘| ry ‘| . “| (1) DISTANCE FROM 48 | (2) DIRECTION FROM 4B 65 156 j38N 2455 154 7W iz aes lNorth East . C. NAME OF NEARESI AIRPORT, HELIPORT, OR SEAPLANE BASE (1) WiStarsce FROM NEAREST POINT OF ] (2) DIRECTION FROM NESREST RUNWAY AIRPORT Dehl Creck West D. DESCRIPTION OF LOCATION OF SITE WITH RESPECT TO HIGHWAYS, STREETS, AIRPORTS, PROMINENT TERRAIN FEATURES, EXISTING STRUCTURES, EITC. (Altuch @ highway, strect, or any other appropriate map or scaled drawing xhowing the relationship of construction site to nearcat airport(s). If more xpuce ix required, continue on a acparate sheet of paper and attach to this notice.) The powerline proposed will be directlytoo the west of the agistrip buried underground so as not to interfere with air traffic-See Map 5. HEIGHT AND ELEVATION (Complete A, B and © to the nearcat foot) | 6. WORK SCHEDULE DATES A. ELEVATION OF SITE ABOVE MEAN SEA LEVEL 260 Feet A. BEGINNING me era pase el mani tesa, MN A a C. OVERALL HEIGHT ABOVE MEAN SEA LEVEL (4 + B) 260 Feet * 7-15-80 YES NO 7. OBSTRUCTION MARKED AND/OR LIGHTED IN AC- A. MARKED conoanct wh cumin aa aovion’ 8. | ation Ho GHTUCTON TE rs LIGHTING C. HIGH INTENSITY WHITE OBSTRUCTION LIGHIS x I D. DUAL LIGHTING SYSTEM x I HEREBY CERTIFY that all of the above statements made by me are true, complete, and correct to the best of my knowledge. ° DATE TEL. NO. (Give arca | TYPED NAME/TITLE OF PERSON FILING NOTICE SIGNATURE ae Lynne Minton-Consultant~. 1/27/80 907-276-4216 |Environmental Services Ltd. Notice is required by Part 77 of the Federal Aviation Regulations (14 C.F.R. Part 77) pursuant to Section 1101 of the Federal Aviation Act of 1958. as amended (49 U.S.C. 1101). Persons who knowingly and willfully violate the Notice requirements of Part 77 are subject to a fine (criminal penalty) of not more than $500 for the first offense and mot more than $2,000 for subsequent otenses, pursuant to Secticn 902(a) of the Federal Aviation Act of 195£, as amended (49 U.S.C. 1472(a)). FAA Form 7460-1 (1-7e) SUPERSEDES FREVIOUS EDITION DO NOT REMOVE CARBONS | i ¥ x United States Department of the Interior 2600 (260) AK-026-TSO-009 BUREAU OF LAND MANAGEMENT Fairbanks District Office P.O. Box 1150 Fairbanks, Alaska 99707 JUN 12 1980 Mr. Karl Reiche RAJ BHARGAVA Associates 301 East Fireweed Lane Anchorage, Alaska 99503 Dear Mr. Reiche: In reference to your letter concerning a permit to cut timber on the Kobuk River to be used in the construction of the Kobuk to Shungnak transmission line, the following information is provided. ‘aa The subject lands lie within T. 17 N., R. 9 E., KRM, entire township); |T. |.17 Ni, Ra 10 E.,| Sections | I-20; TL. 17 Ne, (Ra LL E., Sections 13, 14, 23, 24 and T. 17 N., R. 12 E., Section 19. The land within T. 17 N., R. 12 E., KRM has been selected by the State of Alaska and the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) at this time, cannot authorize trees to be cut within this township. All of the remaining lands have been validly selected by the Village of Koduk and/or NANA Regional Corpora-- tion and will be conveyed through the ANSCA conveyance schedule. Until that time the BLM has interim management of these lands. iby Based on the information received from you, including a letter from NANA Regional Corporation allowing the sale of timber from their selected lands, the BLM has no objection to this proposed sale with the following provisions requested by the Alaska.Department of Fish and Game. : \ Cl e+ La No héavy equipment (tracked or wheeled vehicles) wiht be A x o < used in,skidding trees from the cutting erean ‘to y in sl fi Kogaluktfk and Kobuk Rivers. se | % x CS al * AN y SN § 2. All cubtink Of logs on the Kogaluktuk and Kabuk Rivers y AMA be accep tiehet prior to ay 1, Ee \ \ sf Enclosed is a vigndgor of your thee insees contract “Gith\attached\ stipulations. If you have any further SS bTQns , please don "Whesitate’ _to contact this office. ». & ~~ nN ee | 22 My Pais . ; i a. . Sincerely,“ “SONS < es Zz LY pacer, SS ’ © Fee . Me LL ae Ties le hy Rage) Bolstad Ped Ves y “a Arctic-Kobuk Area Maffager -- % THE. : a. *~... Enclosure & - rid eon ch : iP) |S "r Wiig | Contract Number Gonuner t008) UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR BUREAU OF LAND MANAGEMENT AK-026-TSO-009 Issuing Office CONTRACT FOR THE SH SALE THES AK-026 OF VEGETATIVE RESOURCES Tuis CONTRACT is made and entered into the ]] dayof June + 19g0 , under the authority of Executive Order (L.U. Lands) or the Act of August 28, 1937 (50 Stat. 874) as amended, (43 U.S.C. Sec. 118la—f), re- lating to the revested Oregon and California Railroad and reconveyed Coos Bay Wagon Road grant lands, or under the Act of July 31, 1947 (61 Stat. 681) as amended, (30 U.S.C. Secs. 601-604), relating to other lands under the juris- diction of the Bureau of Land Management, and the regulations as set forth in 43 CFR Group 5400, between the UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, hepeinafter called Government, acting through the Bureau of Land Management, and of Northline Electric Company , hereinafter called Purchaser. WITNESSETH, That the parties hereto do mutually agree as follows: Sec. 1. Vegetative Resources Sold. Government hereby sells to Purchaser and Purchaser hereby buys from Govern- ment, under the terms and conditions of the contract, the vegetative resources listed in Sec. 2 within the area de- scribed below comprising the contract area and situated in the County of State of alaska , and described as follows: ‘TOWNSHIP RANGE [_section SUBDIVISION(S) 17 9 ea. of IKateel Rive 17 10 ea. of K|.R. 17 Jil ea. of KI.R. 13, 14, 23, 24 | Sec. 2. Total Purchase Price. (a) Purchaser agrees to pay Government as the total purchase price for the vegetative resources sold hereunder, the sumof 25¢/f£t dollars ($875.00 ). UANTITY KIND OF VEGETATIVE RESOURCE won Specified) White SPruce (100) 35' trees All vegetative resources in the contract area in excess of the negotiable securities are furnished in lieu of # surety bond, ‘quantity listed above are reserved to Government. such cash or negotiable securities shall be returned to (b) The total purchase price shall be paid in full on or Purchaser. before the date this contract jigned by the Authorized Officer. Payment hereunder shall be made by cash, money Sec. 4. Time for Extraction, Cutting, and Removal. Pur- order, bank draft, or check made payable to the Bureau of chaser may commence cutting, extraction, and removal of Land Management. vegetative resources sold under this contract on the date this contract is signed by the Authorized Officer. Purchaser's Sec. 3 Bond. A performance bond shall be filed by Purchaser right to cut, extract, and remove such vegetative resources on of before the date the contract is signed by the Authorized shall expire ¢ ) months after such Office in the sum of date; evided) ne J» 128] jon ol Bs may be granted as “6 ) which bond shall be forfeited to the amount provided 1n'43 CFR Subpart! $442. ‘of the damages determined by the Authorized Officer if all the tet, i, desediond sch ipeaiiad i — provisions of contract are not faithfully and fully per formed by Purchaser. If the amount of the damages exceed the amount of the bond, Purchaser hereby agrees to pay the excess. Upon satisfactory performance of all provisions of this contract, the bond shall - cancelled, or if cash or obligations of the parties hereto shall be subject to the Standard Provisions set forth in Secs. 6 through 16 and to any Special Provisions contained under Sec. 17 om the reverse hereof. PURCHASER, sign here UNITED STATES OF AMERICA latte Chan »_ Lp brbtcd (Name of Firm) v (Name) De P theyre, Peidiit __ (bnen name) X (ify {UGX Arcbinmy Ar Mids Lif fe a . (Address) « a T (Date) ae) STANDARD PROVISIONS Sec. 6. Definitions Used in this Contract: (a) “Authorized Officer"? means any employee of the Bureau of Land Management to whom has been delegated the authority to take i contract. tative Sec.7. Passage vf Title and Risk of Loss. Title to the vegetative resource sold under this contract remain in Govern- ment and shall not pass to Purchaser until such ve e been severed or extracted. Ri ing title, except t be construed to rel ther party from liability for any breach of contract ‘or any wrongful or negligent act. Sec. 8. Violations, Suspension, and Cancellation. If Pure chaser violates any of the provisions of this contract, the Authorized Officer may, by written notice, suspendany further operations of Purchaser under this contract, except such ope: remedy any violations. If Purchaser fails to violations within thirty (30) days after receipt of the suspension notice, the Authorized Officer may, by written notice, cancel this contract and take appropriate action to recover all damages suffered by Govern- ment by reason of such violation. Sec. 9. Fire Prevention and Slash Disposal. Purchaser shall take such measures for the prevention and suppression of fire fon the contract area and other adjacent Government lands or other Government connection with oper contract as by applicable laws and regu! However, when in the opinion of the Authorized Officer, weather and other condi tions affecting fire incidence and control make speci precautions necessary to protect the contract area and Government lands, Purchaser shall take such additional or other fire prevention and control me: by the Authorized Office: accordance with # plan approved by the Authorized Officer. Sez. 10. Trespass. If in connection with operations under this contract Purchaser, his contractors, the employees of any of them, cuts, injures, or removes ‘any Government materials, other ‘than the vegetative resources sold under thi ct, Purchaser shall be liable for damages under le law. Purchaser shall pay Govern: ment for such 8 after written demand therefor by the Authorized Officer. Sec. 11. Responsibility for Damage Su/fe Cost, or Ex- pense Incurred by Government. Purchaser shall be liable for any damage suffered, cost, or expense incurred by Government arising out of any operations under this contract wi such damage, cost, or expe results from tractors, tors, oF the employees of any of them. Purchaser shall pay Government for such damage, cost, or expense after written demand therefor by the Authorized Officer. Sec.12. Discla er of Warranty. Government expressly jarranty of the fitness of the ve purpose of Purchase sold hereunder are accepted is’? without any warranty of merchantability by Government. Any warranty as to the quantity or quality of the vegetative resources sold hereunder is expressly disclaimed by Government. Sec. 13. Simultaneous Use of Contract Area by Others. If the Authorized Officer determines that other use of the con- tract area will not seriously interfere the operations of Purchaser, he may-issue permits, or contracts for the Simultaneous use of the contract Sec. 14. Equal Opportunity Clause. During the performance of this contract the Purchaser agre: follow: (a) The Purchaser will not discriminate ageinst any employee or applicant for employment because of race, creed, color, or national origin. The Purche: will take affirmative action to ensure that applicants are employed, and that em- ployees are treated during employment, without regard to thi race, creed, color, of national origin. Such action shall include, but’ not be limited to the following: ¢ grading, demotion, nsfer; recruitment ‘or other forms for taining, including apprenticeship. The Purchaser agrees to post in conspicuous places, available to employees and applicants for employ- to be provided by the Authorized Officer setting ‘compensation; will, in all solicitations or adverti placed by or on behalf of the Purc state that all qualified applicants will receive consid for employment without regard to race, creed, color, or national origin. (c) The Purchaser will send to sentative of workers with which he has « collective bargaining agreement or other contract or understanding, # notice, to be Provided by the agency Authorized Officer, advising the labor union or workers’ representative of the Purchaser's commit- ments under Sec. 202 of Executive Order No. 11246 of September 24, 1965, conspicuous places « for employment. (4) The Purchaser will comply with all provisions of Exec: Order No. 11246 of September 24, 1965, and of the rules, regulations, and relevant orders of the Secretary of Labor. (e) The Purchaser will furnish all information and reports required by Executive Order No. 11246 of September 24, 1965, and by rules, reguli and orders of the Secretary of Labor, or pursuant thereto, and will permit access to his books, records, and accounts by the contracting agency and the Secretary of Labor for purposes of investigation to ascertain compliance with such rules, regulations, and orders. (OQ In the’ event of the Purchaser's noncompliance with the nondiscrimination clauses of thi tract or with any of such rules, regulations, or orders, this contract may be cancelled, terminated or suspended in whole or in part and the Porchase may be deciered ineligibie ior iuther Gures nem contracts in accordance with procedures authorized in Fxec- utive Urder No. 11246 of September 24, 1965, sanctions may be imposed and remedies invoked in Executive Order No. 11246 of September 24, 1965, or by rule, regulation, or order of the Secretary of Labor, or as otherwise provided by law. (g) The Purchaser will include the provisions of Para- graphs (a) through (g) in every subcontract or purchase order unless exempted by rules, regulations, or orders of the Secretary of Labor issued pursuant to Sec. 204 of Executive Order No. 11246 of September 24, 1965, so that such provi- sions will be binding upon each subcontractor or vendor. The Purchaser will take such action with respect to any sub- contract or purchase order as the contracting agency may direct as a means of enforcing such provisions including sanctions for noncompliance: Provided, bowever, That in the event the Purchaser becomes involved in, or is threatened ith, litigation with # subcontractor or vendor as @ result of such direction by the contracting agency, the Purchaser may request the United States to enter into such litigation to protect the interests of the United ch labor union or repre- nd shall post copies of the notice in ble to employees and applicants See. 15. Officials Not to Benefit to, Congress, or Resident Commissioner, after his of appointment, or either before or after he has qualified and during his continuance in office, and no officer, agent, or employee of the Department of the Interior, except as provided in 43 CFR 7.4(a)(1), shall be admitted to any share or part in this contract or derive any benefit that may arise therefrom; ions of Sec. 3741 of the Revised Statutes of the nded (41 U.S.C. Sec. 22), and Secs. 431, 432, and 433, Title 18, U.S.C. relating to contracts, enter into and form a part of this contract so 3 the same may be applicable. An appeal may be taken from any decision of any subordinate official to the Director of the Bureau of Land Management, and from the Director's decision to the Secretary of the Interior pursuant to the Rules of Practice (43 CFR Part 1840). 5 Sec. 17. Special Provisions. Purchaser shall comply with the following special provisions unless otherwise author- ized, in writing, by the Authorized Officer: 1. No heavy equipment (tracked or wheeled vehicles) will be used in skidding trees from the cutting areas to the Koaaluktuk and Kobuk Rivers. 2. All raftina of loas on the Koaaluktuk and Kobuk Rivers will be accomplished prior to July 1, 1980. re) TENT VREGIONAINCORRORIONNINGS POST OFFICE BOX 49 / KOTZEBUE, ALASKA 99752 / TELEPHONE (907) 442-3301 May 29, 1980 Mr. Thomas D. Humphery Northline Electric Company 301 East Fireweed Anchorage, Alaska 99502 - Dear Mr. Humphery: NANA Regional Corporation Incorporated agrees to the Bureau of Landmanagement suggested price of $.25 per linear foot for the logs to be hervestc2 at Kobuk for the power line pro- ject from Shungnak. These logs are to come from lands pre- viously selected by the Kobuk Village Corporation as previously agreed to. ~~ Sincerely, gu ohn Schaeffer resident Member Villages: Ambler, Buckland, Candle, Deering, Kiana, Kivalina, Kobuk, Kotzebue, Noatak, Noorvik, Selawik, Shungnak Form 02-006 REPLY MEMO St-te of Alaska TT MESSAGE REPLY i , [ je Ei €. eae ten Ig oO DATE ho Ik ~ \ Wl nee b Bid ee Poy You x eA wan ds z. Sl Me CI a (+ Oct 31 G74 lL. tHe Deer Lot Oct 2 1224 Pa a Kiesvol{ te Daus 3. Buy 2, 979 leh Dow's LZ Webbe - LAP ee | es L227 ae Cov ee te hdew Wes ld ~eou Ges Nt rane Gots xg “a ot L. £24 a hasnt 2. séN NO WHITE K COP! cy CARBON INTACT. 1, WRITE REPLY. 2. DETACH STUB, KEEP PINK COPY. RETURN WHITE COPY TO SENDER. > n & \ SUBJECT: TO: UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE RURAL ELECTRIFICATION ADMINISTRATION WASHINGTON, D.C. 20250 oct 3 1 1979 Proposed Service to Village of Kobuk by Division of Energy and Power Development Mr. Dale W. Kusneil, ¥. 4. Chief, Power Development Department of Commerce and Economic Development 338 Denali Street Anchorage, Alaska 99501 Pursuant to our telephone conversation of September 19, 1979, and to your letter of October 3, 1979, we would offer no objections to the Alaska Village Electric Cooperative (AVEC) providing service to a proposed line to be owned, financed, built, and maintained by the Department of Commerce and Economic Development. This project is to be served as just another commercial load of the Shungnak system and the AVEC system is to have no responsibility nor obligation other than the furnishing of electric energy at the point of interconnection which will be made and metered at the low side of the step-up transfciuer which supplies tne transmission circuit. The Department of Commerce and Economic Development will be responsible for all permits, construction, and operation for that portion of the system beyond the point of interconnection including those facilities within the village of Kobuk on the load side of the single wire ground return line and the step-down transformer. The Rural Electrification Administration reaffirms its position with respect to AVEC involvement in this scheme as expressed in our letters of March 20, 1979, to Mr. Loyd Hodson of AVEC and the letter of August 2, 1979, to Mr. Charles R. Webber of your office. Copies of these letters are enclosed. WILLIAM E. DAVIS Acting Director Western Area - Electric Enclosures q October 3, 1979 Mr. William Davis, Acting Director Western Area Electric Rural Electrification Administration U. S. Department of Agriculture Roca 4053-South Agricultural Bldg. Washington, D.C. 20250 Dear Mr. Davis: Pertinent to our phone conversation of September 19, 1979, enclosed find a schenatic of the Single-Wire-Ground-Return scheme proposed for serving the village of Kobuk from the Alaska Village Electric Co-operative system at SImmgnak. The scheme will utilize a point-to-point transmission line with no intermediate taps, provided of course, that suitable low- resistance ground connections can be established and maintained at each end. The project will be served as just another commercial load of the Simmgnak system. It will be subject to the same load characteristic restrictions as any other load on the system. There is ample generating capacity and fuel storage at Shumgnak to serve this additimal load. No oblication beyond that of a certificated utility to e consumer is assumed by AVEC. The project is to demonstrate a concept which appears to hold promise for significantly lowering the cost of transmission lines in rural Alaska. If the concept, or elements therein, prove feasible it would greatly enhance the viability of the AVEC system as well as bring the amentities of electric living to other small Alaskan commmities. We are aware that utilizing the earth as a circuit (return) conductor is a violation of the current National Electric Safety Code (NESC). We have requested and expect to be granted a waiver from the Alaska State Board of Electrical Examinors for this project. tir. W. Davis Oct. 5, 1979 Page Two We are also aware that REA has had some experience in single-wire- eround-retum distrihition systems We would he mast interested in any mem net an fh information that you have wich wouid assist us in this piuj ject. Perhaps you have design data and reports or analyses of problems that might be of use to us. Although we feel our application differs from what we know of your experience, we are anxious to learn all we can. We feel that this project is a pioneering effort to bring affordable electric energy to rural Alaska in much the same manner and spirit as REA brought power to rural America in the late 1930's. In addition, our effort is complimentary to President Carter's rural initiative program. For these reasons, we expected that REA would want to participate. We find it inexplicable that you should, in effect, obstruct the project. We respectfully request that the Rural Electrification Administration withdraw its objecticn voiced in the March 20, 1979, letter from Ralph J. Cartzendafner, Chief, Engineering Branch, Western Area Electric to Loyd Hodson, Manager, Alaska Village Electric Cooperative, Inc. and permit AVEC to supply power fron its Shumgnak facility for this demon- stration project. Sincerely, i Dale W. Rusnell, P. E. Chief, Power Development cc: Robert W. Feragen, Administrator Loyd I. Hodson, AVEC Charles R. Webber Clarissa Quinlan fe ‘Masia 27 Viliacsa ey MAR 2 0 TSF: — Hive arryit tereriven ‘> ibane Alaska Village clectric Conperative, Inc. 4831 Lazle Stree . : Anchoraye, Alasé PI O - Jo sh 15, ua ite les of e@ conversation of Mar We Revherford's nlan vo build 7 2 ground return distrivatioa Line between the villazes of Shum: Kopuk. as I noir out on the teleshons, nce this is non~2t2 construction, it cannot be fiasaced with. loan fu la j the construction dogs noi work satisfactorily it cannot be rci with I loan funds. This is in reference to cur telen wherein we dis i Mr. Rethcrford has bo 1 ceveral occasions that tho proposed construction will n not scot t. 4.5.C. reyquircients. Pleaso refer to Rale Ho. 21534 and Rule fia. 25206. e 3 + cr O 2 oe iC As you know, any non-standard con N.E.S.C. is a violation of your L: inadble with your Insursnce Carrie of non-standard construction. t reract. Also, you ¢ eoacones ig injured by the use We could not permit you to sunply of Kepux with the us eround return line, since you would not refercnee srouni tied into a tre wi ng transformer. Theret » ¥ou will not be able to operate an effectively grounded syste within the village. i If we can boa of further assistance, please advire. sebynet aes oF eo Uaiier RALPH J. CARTZIIDAFUZR yA CC Chief, Enzincerine Branch ‘western Area - Llectric AUB 2 1979 Construction between Shungnak and Kobuk, horthwest Alaska ta Chavles Q, Webber, Commissicner alaska vepartment of Commerce and Economic Development Pouch D Juneau, Alaska 99811 Your letter of July 19 to Mr. James M. McCutchen mentioned your interest in using a single-wire ground return (SHGR) power line to interconnect the villages of Shungnak and Kobuk in northwest Alaska. On several occasions, the Rural Electrification Administration has made its position on tne use of the ground return system known to both Mr. ®. W. Retherford and to Mr. Loyd Hodson. A copy of the most recent Jetter to Hr. Hodson on this subject is enclosed. Essentially, REA will not finance any construction which violates the National Electrical Safety Code (NESC) even though a state code may be jess restrictive in some respects. ‘se wourd require that Uie provisions of the more restrictive code be followed in case of a conflict. The specific violations of the NESC which would be involved with the construction proposed by Mr. Retherford are of Rules 21584 and 252C5 of the 1977 edition of the WESC. We are somewhat puzzled by the claim of eneray conservation if the proposed line is to be built with the inverted hairpin H-frame type of structure with the taut V string of suspension insulators ‘supporting the single conductor which has been pronosed in the past. This requires two poles per structure rather than one plus a large curved aluminum tube as the interconnect structural member. Tne conductor is held by a taut V string of suspension insulators rather than a single pin or post-type insulator as in conventional construction. The elimination of the neutral conductor would not, ja our opinion, make up for the additional structural costs of the more complicated assemblies proposed. We do not understand the basis for the claim of improved reliability either, since a conductor break can drop the entire line where the structures are supported longitudinally only by the conductor between thei. Mr. Charles R. Webber We will, however, be pleased to discuss the proposal further with Ms. Quinlan and Mr. Hodson, as you suggested, at your convenience. WILLIAM E. DAVIS WILLIAM £. DAYIS Acting virector Western Area - Electric Enclosure oS {ime United States Rural Washington 3} Department Electrification D.C. of Agriculture Administration 20250 MAY ° 2 1980 SUBJECT: Service to Single Wire Ground Return Line TO: Mr. Karl Reiche, Project Manager Raj Bhargava Associates 301 East Fireweed Lane Anchorage, Alaska 99503 This is in response to your letter of April 29 with reference to the sale of power to facilities owned and operated by the State of Alaska, serving the village of Kobuk. On October 31, 1970, Mr. William E. Davis of REA wrote to Mr. Loyd Hodson of the Alaska Village Electric Cooperative, Inc. (AVEC) and to Mr. Dale W. Rusnell, Chief, Power Development of the Alaska Department of Commerce and Economic Development, pointing out that REA would have no objection to AVEC providing service to the proposed line which was to be owned, financed, built, operated and maintained by the Department of Commerce and Economic Development. It was further understood that the line was to be.served as a commercial load of the Shungnak system and that the AVEC system was to have no responsibility nor obligation other than the furnishing of electric energy at the point of interconnection which was to be made and metered at the low side of the step- up transformer which supplies the transmission circuit. The Department of Commerce and Economic Development was to be responsible for all permits, construction, and operation for that portion of the system beyond the point of interconnection, including the facilities within the village on the load side of the single wire ground return line and the step-down transformer. Mr. Davis further suggested to Mr. Hodson that he secure the concurrence of AVEC's insurance carrier for its limited participation in this project and that his attorneys carefully review any implication of a joint effort on the part of AVEC in this scheme. The Rural Electrification Administration reaffirms this position with respect to AVEC involvement in this scheme in that it should be limited to serving this line as another commercial load of the Shungnak system and subject to the limitations outlined above. CHARLES M. PHILPOTT Manager, Western Area - Electric Distribution Systems Division MEMORANUVUM otate Ol AldSka. TO: FROM: Clarissa Quinlan, Director pate: June 2, 1980 ee Division of Energy and Power Development FILE NO Department of Commerce and Economic Development TELEPHONE NO: 465-4870 Dale W. Cheek, Director SUBJECT: Single Line Power Wage and Hour Division Transmission Ground Departiwent Of Labor Return. Shungnax to » Kobuk The Department of Labor, Electrical Inspection Staff and Attorneys from the Department of Law have reviewed the request to build an experimental single ground return transmission line from Shungnak to Kobuk of 14.4 KV. ~ Under authority of Chapter 7, Article 700 of the National Electri- cal Code the Department will grant permission to build this experi- mental system. The Department of Labor, Electrical Inspection Staff will make at least one inspection on the contruction phase and will monitor the system after it has become operational for the remainder of the year. I expect that your Division will work closely on this project with Mr. Don Cather, Chief Mechanical Inspection Section, Department of Labor. DWC/jep cc: uMr. Tom Humphrey, P.E. Mr. Don Cather 02-001 A(Rev.10/79) 5 ALASKA POWER AUTHORITY 333 WEST 4th AVENUE - SUITE 31 - ANCHORAGE, ALASKA 99501 Phone: (907) 277-7641 October 3, 1980 (90 7):276-27115 mr. baie kusnel] Division of Energy and Power Development Department of Commerce and Economic Development 338 Denali Street Anchorage, Alaska 99501 Subject: Transmission Line Demonstration Project Dear Mr. Rusnell: My staff has investigated various alternatives for the ownership of a single- wire-ground-return (SWGR) transmission line which your department is having con- structed between Shungnak and Kobuk, Alaska. The alternatives considered included the following: 1. Selling or giving the line to AVEC after one-year of successful operation. 2. Sale of the line to the City of Kobuk or to a Co-op formed by City residents: 3. Transfer of ownership to the Alaska Power Authority. Each alternative assumes that the Vine will onerate effectively, either with tne ground return concept or witha secoid wire above ground. Aiso; it is assumed: that it will be more economical to obtain power from existing generators in Shungnak than to build a new power plant in Kobuk. If the demonstration project shows either assumption is incorrect, then the question of ownership becomes moot. After studying each of the alternatives listed above, we conclude that the best approach will be’ for the City of Kobuk to purchase the transmission line after the line has been successfully operated for a period of one year. If Kobuk is unwilling or unable to purchase the line for an acceptable price, based on the net benefits ac- cruing to Kobuk, then transfer of ownership to the Alaska Power Authority should be considered. Because of our potential involvement, we would appreciate being kept informed of the progress being made on this project. In return, if the Power Authority can be of any assistance to you, please don't hesitate to ask. Sincerely, Eric P. Yould Executive Director cc: Utom Humphrey Northline Electric Box 4-2543 Anchorage, Alaska 99509 Lloyd Hodson, General Manager, AVEC i John Farleigh, Executive Director, APUC Raj Bhargava 301 East Fireweed lane go c Alaska Village Electric Co-operative, inc. Lp 4831 EAGLE STREET, ANCHORAGE, ALASKA 99503 3 TELEPHONE: (907) 2776632 wa wey November 17, 1980 Mr. Tom Humphrey Northline Electric Company P.O. Box 4-2543 - Anchorage, Alaska 99509 Subject: Shungnak/Kobuk Service Dear Mr. Humphrey: In accordance with our discussions of November 14, 1980, Alaska Village Electric Cooperative is agreeable to sell electric power at our Shungnak power plant location to Northline Electric Company under our GS-2 Schedule. Please note that the end vlock on this rate including current fuel surcharges effectively does represent average power production costs. We further understand that you may use the power in conjunction with an experimental tie line/distribution system serving the Village of Kobuk. Alaska Village Electric Cooperative is pleased to assist in extending service to additional Alaska Village consumers and will cooperate in achieving this objective. Sincerely, oyd M. Hodson General Manager cc: Alaska Public Utilities Conmission Alaska Power Authority OoOrcriuicn wnt) A enan 116 Minnie Street Fairbanks, Alaska 99701 (907) 452-6288 February 29, 1980 Raj Bhargava Associates 301 East Fireweed Lane Anchorage, Alaska 99501 Attis= KarlReichexza > Re: SWGR Systems Ref: Your letter of January 21, 1980 Gentlemen: Speaking as a body, the State Board of Electrical Examiners favors the installation of a single wire ground return system within the geographical area you describe. The basic problem confronting our board is that Title 18 of the Alaska Statutes adopts the NESC as the minimum standard for our state. The legislature has not, at this time, delegated authority to any board or body, to adopt ammendments to this standard. The State of Alaska, by funding this project, has in effect committed a crime against itself. Should any injury or property damage result from this installation for any reason, the liability of our state government could be unimaginable. We suggest that this project should not be constructed without the knowledge and concurrence of our state legislature or until the law is ammended to allow an appropriate authority to legally modify the code. Sincerely, , Seer \ _ ee | / Tr; mer, Chairman ard of Electrical Examiners cc: C.R. Webber, Dept. of Commerce JT/1s APPENDIX E KOBUK DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM ee manson ariinegennipesin ts ee. 100 200 300 400 [a pr SCALE IN FEET VILLAGE OF KOBUK -— ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM USS3788 ‘VILLAGE OF KOBUK , ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM BASED ON ORIGINAL MAP 11/14/80 SHEET: E~ APPELIDIA F MAINTENANCE SUMMARY KOBUK-SHUNGNAK PA SWGR TRANSMISSION LINE {~ a\\ MAINTENANCE REPORT March 14, 1984 Maintenance work on the Single Wire Ground Return Line has been completed and the line is in excellent condition. The line should not require any additional attention, (with the exception of item 2 below) until late next fall (when sufficient snow has fallen to access the line) when an inspection trip is recommended. A service manuel detailing what should be accomplished during this visual inspection has been prepared and reviewed with the Kobuk Valley Electric representative, Elmer Ward, and the Kobuk Village Council. This report itemizes the maintenance work that was completed during the term of the maintenance contract. The maintenance items discussed do not include any of the work preformed during emergency trips completed prior to the issuance of the maintenance contract by the State. The following work was preformed: A. Specific Work: 1. All storm guys were tightened. Due to settling of A-frames into the tundra, these storm guys (on pole 12, 17, 44, 51, 59, and 80) were extremely loose. This situation was corrected. 2. Two 2-foot plate anchors were installed at pole #3. The existing “eight-way expansion anchors" are creeping out of the ground and the pole had a severe bend in it. Due to the excessive ice content of the fill material jackhammered out of the anchor hole, these two holes were only partially refilled and the guys were not converted to the new anchors. The City has a gravel stockpile and a front end loader that can be hired this spring to finish backfilling these holes. The guys on pole #3 were tensioned to straighten the pole and we do not feel we have an emergency condition at this time. The anchor holes must be filled this spring and the guys converted to avoid a catastrophic failure of pole #3 when the existing anchors continue to creep this coming summer. 3. A pole band, two rebar anchors, two guys, guy guards, and vibration dampers were installed at pole number 37. This pole was damaged due to a catastrophic failure resulting from slack guys. This is fully repaired now and should not require any further attention in the near future, De 4. We received complaints that the wire between poles 2 and 3 was too low as it crosses the Dahl Creek Road. This appears to have been caused by the addition of fill material to the road last summer and slack guys at poles 1 and 3. The tensioning of guys at poles #1 and 3 appears to have alleviated this problem. 5. A new anchor was installed at pole #76. Instead of converting the guy to the new anchor, the guy was attached to both anchors in tandem. This should adequately repair a potentially hazardous situation. 6. Vibration dampers were installed at pole #87. 7. A random check of main bolts and top pin bolts and a visual inspection from the ground of the nuts and bolts on all structures revealed that these will not require additonal tightening. Service Manuel & Training A service manuel was prepared and has been submitted to the State. Mr. Ward of Kobuk has been trained to preform all the maintenance items in the manuel and is familiar with the manuel. The manuel has also been reviewed by the village council. Inventory An inventory was preformed. All line material and supplies have been located in the Kobuk generator house. The inventory is recorded in the Service Manuel. Semi-Annual Inspection Trip A final semi-annual inspection trip was accomplished during the first part of March, The line is in excellent shape. Rebar Anchors During the semi-annual trip all four foot rebar anchors that were installed as temporary anchors during the construction of the line were jack hammered below ground level. This was required due to the severe safety hazard the anchors poised to winter travelers along the line.