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Dames & Moore Unalaska Geothermal 1986
Alaska Energy Authority LIBRARY COPY Dames & Moore UNA ond Dames & Moore | 375 she : SRPE | Anchorage, AK 99518-1657 “=~ | (907) 562-3366 July 28, 1986 Mr. David Denig-Chakroff Project Manager Alaska Power Authority P.O. Box 190869 701 East Tudor Road Anchorage, Alaska 99519-0869 RE: Proposal RFP No. APA-86-R-015 Unalaska Geothermal Feasibility Study Dear Mr. Denig-Chakroff: Dames & Moore in association with SAI Engineers Inc. and the Mesquite Group are pleased ‘to submit this proposal for the Unalaska Geothermal Feasibility study. This proposal represents an opportunity to extend Dames & Moore's long record of service assisting APA in developing Alaska's local energy resources. Like most of the energy resources of Alaska, the Makushin geothermal resource is abundant in its undeveloped state, but con- siderable obstacles impede its economic development. To surmount these difficulties we have assembled an outstanding team of firms and senior individuals knowledgeable about the resources, logistics and environmental conditions on the Aleutian Islands. Dames & Moore has more than 15 years experience on major conceptual design and siting projects throughout Alaska. Dames & Moore's plans for developing Chernofski Harbor is an example of such a project. The brochure sum- marizing these plans appears at the end of this proposal. Dames & Moore teamed with Republic Geothermal to conduct the previous APA studies for Unalaska's geothermal resource. The working group: from Republic has now formed the Mesquite Group, continuing the team effort. SAI Engineers will perform the geothermal engineering function. SAI has completed more geothermal project designs than any other company. They have considerable experience in transmission system design and in power systems engineering. SAI is currently completing generation projects in Anchorage and on the Aleutians (Shemya). The project team consists primarily of senior professionals. The phi- losophy behind this selection is that only very experienced and knowledgeable individuals will have the insight to bring this high poten- tial but unique resource into reality. The level of effort does not pro- vide any slack for coming up the the learning curve either with respect to the local conditions or with respect to geothermal resources in general. The professionals on the proposed team are already well up the curve. Dames & Moore Mr. David Denig-Chakroff S25 Alaska Power Authority July 28, 1986 Page 2 Management is the other key ingredient of the proposed team. Jim Hemming, Director of Dames & Moore's Alaska operations will assume the role of Project Director, providing oversight and guidance as well as a local point of contact. He will also serve as the Principal Investigator for environmental studies. Marvin Feldman, a Senior Economist at Dames & Moore's Economics group will serve as Project Manager. Marvin has had extensive experience on Alaska resource projects requiring creative blending of engineering, environmental and economic skills. This proposal is good for 60 days. We have reviewed the Professional Services Contract in Exhibit C in the RFP, and we are financially capable of complying with the stated provisions. On behalf of SAI Engineering and the Mesquite Group, Dames & Moore would like to thank APA for the opportunity to present this proposal. We look forward to working with you. Sincerely, AMES & MOORE J EH/pjr attachments TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 PROJECT CONCEPT... 2 ee 2.0 SCOPE OF WORK 2.1 Task Task Task Task Task Task Task Task 1 Wn auf 8 oe ee ew ew - Assessment of Available Geothermal Power Systems Capable of Utilizing Resource « ... eee eee Analysis of Transmission Line Requirments ... . Analysis of the Need for Roads, Docks, Airstrips and Other Support Facilities. ... Environmental Concerns. . . Evaluations of Potential for Using Plant Effluent Performance of Detailed Life-Cycle Cost Economic Analysis of Power System Alternatives... . - Formulation of Findings and Recommendations/ Preparation of Conceptual Design. . - Project Reporting . . . «6» eeee 3.0 MANAGEMENT PLAN . « « « © © 3.1 3.2 3.3 Study Organization and Management Schedule . 2. se ee & Project Administration . . .« « « « 4.0 QUALIFICATIONS AND EXPERIENCE . . « « « 4.1 4.2 4.3 5.0 COST mow . 1 2 3 Dames & Moore 2. « SAI Engineers, Inc. . Mesquite Group, Inc. . PROPOSAL « « « «+ © « « Proposal Price . « » « CommitmentS. « « « « « Financial and Business APPENDICES Information Chernofski Harbor Development Plan Samples of Accounting Statements MLF7/B1 . oe ee 1.0 PROJECT CONCEPT The geothermal resource of the Makushin reservoir offers an opportunity to provide Unalaska with a long-term reliable supply of electrical energy and heat. Development of this resource will represent a creative solution to the problem of meeting Alaska's energy needs though use of local resources. An extensive geothermal exploration project was conducted for the Alaska Power Authority be- tween 1982 and 1985 by the proposed project team. Concurrent and subsequent studies by APA itself and by others in the State and Federal agencies indicate that the geothermal resource discovered is TECHNICALLY capable of satisfying the long term energy needs of the area. Developing the resource in an ECONOMICALLY FEASIBLE manner presents a formidable challenge due to the remoteness of the site and to the difficult environmental conditions. Conceptual design of an economically feasible project is the primary purpose of the proposed study. To meet this challenge it will be necessary to solve a set of difficult transportation problems: ° transporting drilling and construction equipment and crews to the site ° transporting generating equipment to the site ° transporting electricity and perhaps heat to use points ° transporting operating crews to the generating site ° transporting or disposing of geothermal brines. These transportation problems must be solved in a coordinated and creative manner if the project is to prove economically feasible. Based on the explora tion program conducted by the Alaska Power Authority, the Makushin geothermal resource appears to be usable with a number of conversion technologies. The evaluation and ultimate selection of the geothermal plant cycle will consider diverse factors including resource characteristics, life cycle costs, operabil- ity, reliability, and economic size. Because of difficult access, transpor- tation methods could place a further constraint on plant size. For similar reasons, a remotely operated plant will be evaluated as will a fully staffed operation. Environmental concerns also present a challenge in developing the geothermal resource. Considerations related to brine disposal, road construction and MLF6/A ol transmission line impacts require knowledge and sensitivity to the local environment and the careful stewardship of Alaska's resources. Denig-Chakroff and others (1985) indicate that hydrologic studies and good brine qualities suggest that surface disposal of brine may be feasible. Environmental investi- gation to confirm this will be needed. If not feasible, onsite injection and ocean dumping will be evaluated. Solving these problems will require very close coordination within the pro- ject team and between the team and APA. It will also require a thorough assimi- lation of the knowledge accumulated over the previous studies. The proposed team is in an excellent position to accomplish these requirements. Dames & Moore and the Mesquite Group (formerly Republic Geothermal Technical Staff) have performed much of the previous resource investigation work. The team management and many of its members have a long history of working with APA and other Alaska state agencies. Dames & Moore has intimate familiarity with the natural environment and the geotechnical peculiarities of the Aleutians. SAI Engineers, Inc. has recent powerplant design and transmission line design experience in Alaska and the Aleutian Islands in particular. SAI Engineers has extensive experience in the planning and design of geothermal powerplants utilizing a variety of resources. SAI has completed more conceptual design studies than any other geothermal engineering fim. The Mesquite Group staff has extensive experience gained (at Republic Geothermal) in the evaluation of geothermal resources as well as design and production well drilling. The institutional setting provides the context within which a successful project concept must be developed. Future load growth and the terms of the resource lease provide important parameters affecting the economic feasibility of the project. The load forecast affects the size of the geothermal powerplant needed and the comparison between the life cycle costs of alternative generating s ystems. In general, higher load growth favors geothermal over alternative source with lower capital cost but higher fuel cost characteristics. Uncertainties regarding future load growth include the future of offshore oil and gas development in the bering Sea, development of the bottomfish resources and the willingness of fish processing plants, now self-generators, to tie into the utility system. While we recognize that the load forecast will be provided to the study team by APA, we note that the range of uncertainty and its effects MLF6/A 2, DAMES & MOORE on the economic viability of alternative geothermal system configurations. Recent developments at Unalaska indicate that the local fish processing plants are switching from self-generation to reliance on the local utility. Universal Seafood and the Surimi plant have just signed baseload purchase agreements. This is a positive factor in developing a feasible geothermal project. The local and regional native corporations are an important component of the institutional setting. The lease terms with the Aleut Corporation will affect the project economics and the optimal design of the generating plant. Transmission right-of-way selection will be subject to agreements with the Ounalaska Corporation. In addition to satisfying the terms of the lease, the conceptual design must take account of the traditional and subsistence uses of the transmission corridor and plant site. A further consideration which must be factored into the project concept is the desire on the part of some of the local community members to utilize the waste heat from the geothermal generation to support aquiculture and/or greenhouse developments. MLF6/A 1-3 2.0 SCOPE OF WORK The following subsections contain a detailed outline of the specific tasks to be completed by the consulting team. The numbering of the sections corresponds to the items listed on pages 7 and 8 of the RFP and are fully responsive to the objectives stated therein. 2.1 TASK 1: ASSESSMENT OF AVAILABLE GEOTHERMAL POWER SYSTEMS CAPABLE OF UTILIZING RESOURCE When considering the appropriate geothermal power systems for Unalaska several major factors must be evaluated: (a) resource characteristics and deve- lopment; (b) conversion technology/plant cycles; (c) system requirements; and (d) site access. For each of these factors the economic and environmental con- siderations are paramount. For this reason, a site visit by the project team will be undertaken at the very beginning of the project. 2.1.1 Resource Development The costs associated with resource development will be evaluated. A major factor is the transportation of drilling equipment to the site area and the number of production and reinjection wells to be drilled. In evaluating these areas, SAI will work closely with the Mesquite Group. Mesquite will help fami- liarize SAI Engineers with the relevant results of all of the previous studies of the Unalaska geothermal potential. In previous studies conducted for the Unalaska Geothermal Project, one pro- duction well with a diameter of 13-3/8" or 16" has been considered to depths of approximately 2,000 feet. Recognizing the considerable difficulties of transporting equipment and materials to the well site; our first task would be to include in the evaluations the possibilities of development of resource pro- duction using smaller diameter wells, say with a diameter of 9-5" or 7". It is recognized that a 16" diameter well may require a 21" diameter hole which in turn will require the transportation to the site of a large rig, whereas small er diameter wells may provide the opportunity to develop the resource at a lower total drilling cost. Thus, SAI and Mesquite will undertake to analyze the alternatives of drilling multiple, smaller diameter wells, say two or three pro- MLF6/A30 fea, duction wells with 9-3/8" diameter. The production rate per well will be lower than for 13-3/8" or 16" diameter wells but, in the aggregate, several 9-3/8" diameter wells may produce the total flow required for a 10 to 15 MW power plant at lower field development costs. Thus, geothermal production costs will be projected for various well drilling scenarios. Of course, the wells may have to be located on a larger pad or miltiple pads and the geothermal fluids will have to be collected through a gathering system all of which may increase facility cost but which may be offset by the higher cost of transporting and operating the larger drilling equipment. The reliability advantages of a larger number of wells will be evaluated. 2.1.2 Conversion Technologies The Makushin goethermal resource of Unalaska Island is of such quality that several types of energy conversion technologies will be considered. For this feasibility study the following technologies will be evaluated: (1) Single flash steam cycle. (2) Double flash steam cycle. (3) Binary cycle. (4) Total flow cycle. (5) A hybrid cycle employing flash steam in a turbine and the balance of the geothermal fluid in a binary cycle machine. In making the comparison of the conversion technologies the following will be carefully evaluated: (1) Experience of the equipment supplier in the manufacture of the type equipment under consideration. (2) Actual experience in geothermal applications of the equipment. This is a very important consideration since the application of unproven tech- nology could lead to less than optimal results. (3) Capital cost of the complete plant. MLF6/A30 2-2 (4) Operation and maintenance problems associated with each alternative type of power plant. (5) Reliability and difficulty of operation of each alternative type of plant. Reliability of operation is an important consideration in a small isolated power system. (6) The efficiency of resource utilization will be evaluated for each plant type. The effects of plant efficiencies will depend on the reservoir characteristics and contractual arrangement with the resource owner. The efficiency of resource utilization will certainly have an impact upon the amount of spent geothermal water to be disposed. (7) Downhole chemical inhibition of the production well to prevent scale formation in the well bore will be evaluated and included in the cost of the plant. The possibility of scaling was indicated during the testing of the slim bore test well in 1984, (8) Since purity of the steam is an important consideration in flash steam plants, and since chlorides are present in this resource, special features will be evaluated such as an efficient steam water separator and demister in the plant design. (9) Other factors to be considered included the icing potential of specific systems and the mainland fabrication of components to minimize site f abrication. 2.1.3 Utility System Requirements SAI Engineers will obtain electrical demand and energy forecasts for the Unalaska system from the Alaska Power Authority. For each of the forecast sce- narios, an optimum generation mix can be developed which will consider existing and planned diesel units and geothermal generation. In selecting the optimal size geothermal unit(s), SAI Engineers will analyze the daily and annual load duration curves, both historical and projected. The geothermal project will be sized in consideration of the economic factors of minimum daily loads, swing loads, and seasonal peaks. Other factors that effect MLF6/A30 2-3 the sizing of the geothermal project include the remaining useful life of the diesel units. SAI Engineers will evaluate all of these factors in sizing the geothermal plant to meet system requirements. 2.1.4 Site Access and Terrain Assuming a production well and facilities near the Republic Base Camp, possible access routes include one from tidewater up Makushin Valley to the saddle (between the Makushin Valley and Driftwood Bay) and then to the site, and one from tidewater up Driftwood Bay valley to the saddle and then to the site. The transmission line would likely follow the Makushin Valley to Unalaska Bay and then go submarine across to Unalaska. The terrain in the lower portion of both the Makushin and Driftwood Bay Valleys is formed by alluvium, which was deposited into shallow embayments of the sea. Both valleys were probably carved or modified by glacial erosion. It is likely that when each of the valleys (Driftwood Bay and Makushin Valley) were embayments of the sea, longshore drift caused a spit to form across the mouth of each bay. Of course, this would block or restrict drainage from the valley so that a lagoon or lake would form behind the spit. This is the general con- figuration now existing in Reese Bay on the north shoreline of the island a short distance east of Driftwood Bay. Material carried down the valleys by the streams draining the Makushin uplands gradually filled these “lakes” with sedi- ment to create the current configuration. The higher areas along the potential transportation routes are supported by various kinds of volcanic deposits. Some rock is included, but most of the volcanic material consists of various kinds of tephra; relatively fine-grained materials appear to dominate. In many areas, erosion has carved deep, steep- sided gullies in the volcanic deposits. The steep slopes appear stable; no evi- dence of significant landsliding along these gorges are apparent. There are, however, occasional small-scale, shallow slides that involved primarily the sur- face weathered zone and organic mat. In general terms then, any of the possible access routes will encounter three types of deposits: 1) in the upland areas, volcanic ejecta (tephra; pre- dominantly the finer-grained types); 2) in the valley bottoms, alluvium, prob- MLF6/A30 2-4 ably generally coarse material, since it was deposited by relatively high-energy streams; and 3) along the shorelines, where barge landings would have to be established, gravel and cobble beach sediments derived predominantly from local rocks and well-sorted by wave action. The existing road between tidewater of the Makushin Valley and Driftwood Bay is a one-lane dirt trail and, although it has been abandoned for a number of years, erosion damage in the upland areas has not been too severe. Only minor regrading and the addition of gravel surfacing would be needed to make this road serviceable for transport by normal truck and trailer equipment. The valley bottom portion of this old road has been more severely eroded. On the Driftwood Bay side, however, this erosion is limited to several culverts that have been bypassed by high flows. Generally, only minor repairs are needed; however, it is estimated that two 36-inch (or equivalent) culverts will be required to cross the relatively large (unnamed) stream just before the road starts to ascend from the valley floor. On the Makushin Valley side, the old road paralleled the river closely and channel changes subsequent to road construction have removed the major segments of the alignment. Extensive reconstruction for at least several miles would be needed for the Makushin Valley route option. The road from the valley bottom to the upland saddle on the Driftwood Bay side winds up the slope with no really acute corners and no switchbacks. Conversely, at the head of Makushin Valley, as the road climbs to the saddle from the east, there are several steep, narrow switchbacks that probably could not be traversed by semitrailer rigs. With respect to land transportation, the Driftwood Bay route is much better than the Makushin Valley route. However, one other factor should be considered --the shoreline at the mouth of Makushin Valley is well sheltered, whereas the Driftwood Bay shoreline is open to the north. While it is true that the domi- nant summer season storm direction is from the south or southwest, weather pat- terns and the specific weather forecast during barge loading and offloading operations should be considered. With respect to geotechnical considerations, any area along either the Driftwood Bay or Makushin Valley shorelines appears satisfactory for barge landing. MLF6/A30 2-5 2.2 TASK 2: ANALYSIS OF TRANSMISSION LINE REQUIREMENTS One of the challenges in the Unalaska Geothermal Feasibility Study is the evaluation of potential transmission arrangements and the selection of a corri- dor and system. SAI Engineers will work closely with the environmental and geotechnical staff of Dames & Moore during the evaluation and ultimate selection of a transmission line corridor. SAI's staff is well aware of the harsh weather conditions and the rugged terrain. The range of transmission facilities eval- uated will consider these conditions and any other environmental constraints. For the entire transmission line length and for particular segments, engi- neers on the team will consider overhead, undergound, and submarine facilities. For each feasible routing, appropriate access roads or other maintenance points will be identified. Transition points from overhead to underground to submarine will be identified along with any necessary protective devices (lighting arrestors, etc.) SAI Engineers will select a line voltage and ampere ratings consistent with optimum system requirements considering generation capacity and point of inter connection with the existing system. Evaluations of the alternative systems will include economic conductor sizing, access costs, foundation system costs, step up transformers at the site, substation costs at system interconnection, and costs associated with any tower transition structures. The costs will consider initial investment, operating and maintenance costs. In addition, spare cable inventory will be evaluated consistent with transmission reliability factors. Engineers on the project team will provide a recommended transmission line to connect the geothermal powerplant to the existing system. The selection pro- cedure will carefully consider economic, reliability, maintenance, and envirorm mental concerns. MLF6/A30 2-6 DAMES fh 2.3 TASK 3: ANALYSIS OF THE NEED FOR ROADS, DOCKS, AIRSTRIPS AND eee See eee ee eee, OTHER SUPPORT FACILITIES The Makushin resource on Unalaska is an excellent geothermal resource in several ways. The depth to the resource is relatively shallow, the well tests previously conducted indicate a potentially large reservoir capacity with high well productivity. The fluids appear to be clean when compared with geothermal resources in other fields. Although the Makushin resource has these attributes, it also offers a challenge in its utilization. The site investigated by the Alaska Power Authority is located on the flanks of Mt. Makushin, a dormant volcano approxi- mately fourteen air miles from Dutch Harbor. The access to the proposed plant area is quite limited, and a route from Dutch Harbor to the plant site traverses rugged terrain quite likely including a bay crossing. One of the major challenges of the Feasibility Study is to identify and evaluate the transportation opportunities available to support the construction and operation of a geothermal powerplant. The cost of building an all weather access road from some point along the shore of Broad Bay to the site will be compared with the alternatives which will include a route from Driftwood Bay. While the Driftwood Bay alternative can serve as a means of access for equipment transportation to the site, it would not solve the need for transportation of operation and maintenance personnel since the only access to Driftwood Bay is by air or across an extensive stretch of open water. If air transportation for operation and maintenance personnel proves feasible to Driftwood Bay, then it may also be feasible to the plant site itself. The least expensive alternative may be to develop a road from Driftwood Bay for delivery of construction supplies, materials, and equipment to the plant site and to build living quarters at the plant site to provide housing during bad weather in the winter. Delivery of equipment and materials for the construction of the power plant by helicopter would permit the elimination of the need for roads. However, this could restrict the size of generating units being considered because of available helicopter lift capacity which is typically a twenty thousand pound MLF6/A30 2-7 limit. Cost estimates for material movement by this method will be developed for comparison with other methods. A remotely controlled power plant is certainly possible with modern super- visory control systems and telecommunications systems. Estimates of these systems will be developed for comparison with a fully staffed powerplant. Such comparison mist consider possible extended outages of the unmanned plant, at least during the winter months when air transportation to the site is impossible for days at a time. Such outages would result from a lack of action by an Operator to correct problems which in an unattended plant would cause an auto- matic shut down. Reliable standby diesel capacity would be necessary to provide power during these outages possibly adding to the cost of power on the island. It may be that for the present, the plant could be remotely operated, since diesels are now supplying the demand of the system and, in the future, if load growth requires additional generation, either more standby diesels could be installed or attended operation of the geothermal power plant could be imple- mented. This would permit the deferral of the added expense of operator atter dance or added diesel backup for the geothermal plant. These alternatives would be evaluated and the least expensive alternative providing reliable operation would be selected. 2.4 TASK 4: ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS Land use and resource protection are important and sensitive issues in the Unalaska area. Anadromous fish values are particularly important because the primary industries of the area are commercial fishing and seafood processing. Extensive literature review by Dames & Moore in 1982 established that data on the existing environment of Unalaska Island is sparse (Republic Geothermal, Phase 1B Final Report, 1983). However, our subsequent environmental studies on the island catalogued the fish, wildlife and water quality baselines for the project. The results of our work suggest that anadromous fish and colony nesting marine birds are the most sensitive resources of the area and their protection will require mitigation planning during project development. Environmental issues that are likely to be significant when assessing the feasibility of the project include: MLF6/A30 2-8 ° The influence of the waste thermal fluids on surface water quality, surface water temperature and anadromous fish resources. ° The influence of construction of roads, transmission lines and a port on anadromous fish and marine bird resources. ° The influence of thermal vapors on local air quality. ° Permitting considerations. These issues are discussed below. 2.4.1 Mitigation of Thermal Fluid Impacts Pre-project studies established baseline water quality characteristics in the Makushin, Driftwood, and Glacier Valley River systems. Stream reaches affected by naturally occurring geothermal waters were identified and the upper Makushin River drainage contained the greatest natural geothermal impact with elevated levels of boron, aluminum, arsenic, chromium, iron, lead, and manga- nese. These elements are common in geothermal fluids. At high levels many of the elements listed above may be toxic to aquatic organisms. As a result, various project alternatives will be assessed to select those with the lowest potential impact and any required mitigation measures. Special attention will be directed to mitigation of impacts to immature and adult salmon and fish eggs in gravel spawning areas or to aquatic organisms that provide important food sources for rearing salmon. Dames & Moore aquatic biologists and hydrologists will work together with SAI Engineers in developing mitigation plans for dispo- sal of waste thermal fluids. Various cooling techniques, dilution, chemical treatments, and discharge scheduling are some of the options that may be con- sidered in mitigation plan development. 2.4.2 Mitigation of Construction Impact The primary concerns are the location or routing of project facilities in relation to sensitive fish or wildlife resources and the potential for soil ero sion from road, well pad, thermal fluid pipeline or transmission line construc- tion. Dames & Moore's environmental specialists will work with project engineers in the development of siting plans that will offer the maximum protection to MLF6/A30 2-9 Natural resource values. APA Best Management Practices and Erosion Control Procedures will be used to develop erosion control and revegetation plans and stream crossing guidelines for proposed road systems or pipeline. Based on our on-site experience, we assume that the rugged terrain in the project area will require the use of helicopters to set transmission line towers. The use of helicopters instead of surface vehicles would sharply reduce the potential for erosion during transmission line construction. The proximity of overhead transmission lines to colony nesting birds will also be considered in the siting process. There are no baseline data for marine intertidal and subtidal organisms for the project area. However, marine surveys by Dames & Moore diver biologists for the Unalaska airport in 1980 did not encounter any sensitive endangered, or uni- que commercial or threatened species. Even though potential port sites in Driftwood Bay or Makushin Bay are several miles from the Village of Unalaska, certain extrapolations regarding impacts and mitigation can be made without further field work. Some physical data will be added by the 1986 coastal engi=- neering studies of the Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys, but no marine biological surveys are included in that effort. Dames & Moore is currently handling the permit tracking process for the Bradley Lake Project. Permits that may be required on the Unalaska project are shown in Table 2.1. This subtask will require input from senior terrestrial, aquatic and marine biologists. 2.4.3 Mitigation of Air Quality Impacts Based on consideration of known geothermal resource areas around the world, Dames & Moore developed the best available control technology for geothermal power plants for EPA. In general, the primary emissions are particulates, hydrogen sulfide, and ammonia depending on the resource. The Unalaska scenario may require control based on a slate of options. First priority would be elimination of any potential human health effects and compliance with state and federal air quality standards. A screening level of modeling including extrapolation from existing local and regional meteorological MLF6/A30 2-10 data plus any geothermal vapor data from the Republic Geothermal exploration or current surveys by ADGGS may be required. Two senior Dames & Moore meteoro- logists would accomplish this task. Due to the limited budget, and because the RFP did not specifically request this screening, we have included this as an optional item. It is shown as such on the Manpower Loading (Table 3.1) and Budget (Table 5.1) Tabulations. This task will be conducted only at APA's instruction and provided that this optional budget indicated on Table 5.1 is authorized. 2.4.4 Permitting Considerations Dames & Moore has a long history of involvement in the acquisition of per- mits for major projects. Unlike most environmental consulting firms which emphasize studies with only secondary consideration of permitting, Dames & Moore includes an entire staff group which specializes in regulatory affairs, the development of permitting strategies, and assistance with agency interaction to facilitate project approval. We recognize that permit-related needs are the driving force behind most energy project-sponsored environmental studies and appreciate the close relationship between the permitting strategy adopted and the appropriate scope of investigations. Our permitting services will include the direct interaction of our team leader and with APA personnel during our development of the overall permitting strategy. Our efforts will be directed towards the confirmation that all necessary environmental permits have been identified (see Table 2-1 for prelimi- nary list); a review of the understanding of agency requirements, permit pro- cessing schedules, and permit interrelationships; and an evaluation (or suggestion) of approaches to be employed to deal with sensitive issues. Dames & Moore's past involvement in the acquisition of agency approvals for major Alaska projects has included permit acquisition strategy development, application preparation, accomplishment of supporting environmental investiga- tions, assistance with agency interaction, continuing permit processing moni- toring and strategy reevaluation, permit conditions negotiation assistance, and scoping and accomplishment of permit compliance monitoring studies. Our efforts emphasize the accomplishment of permit acquisition and compliance goals while minimizing time and expense. MLF6/A30 2-17 TABLE 2.1 PERMITS, STATUTES, AND REGULATIONS AFFECTING THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE UNALASKA GEOTHERMAL PROJECT STATUTE OR REGULATION Clean Water Act Section 404 Rivers and Harbors Act of 1899 (Sect.10) Rivers and Harbors Act of 1899 (Sect. 9) Fish & Wildlife Coordination Act Endangered Species Act of 1973, 50 CFR 17 Endangered Plant Permit 50 CFR 17.62 AGENCY U.S. Army Corps of Engineers U.S. Army Corps of Engineers U.S. Coast Guard U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service U.S. Fish & Wildlife Services Endangered Wildlife Permit 50 CFR 17.22 DESCRIPTION Permits for discharge of dredged or filled material into navigable waters or wetlands (includes wet tundra) Permits and stipulations for any structures or work including dredging and filling, in navigable waters and adjacent wet- lands Permits for construction of bridges and causeways in navigable waters Review proposed permits to be issued by Corps of Engineers or Coast Guard f or any work or structures in navigable waters or adjacent wetlands TIME FRAME 15 days after submittal there is a 30-day period for public comment, If no objections, permit issued within 90 days 15 days after submittal there is a 30-day period for public comment. If no objections, permit issued within 90 days. 90 days if no objection Variable Determination of threatened Variable or endangered species presence; Stipulations on disturbance level near sensitive areas if endangered species are present Marine Mammals Protection Act, Endangered Species Act, Fish & Wild- life Coordination Act of 1934 National Marine Fisheries Service Federal Water Pol- lution Control Act, 40 CFR 125 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency ‘Clean Air Act, 40 CFR 515-51 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Review proposed plans and permits for activities affecting nearshore and offshore marine resources Variable NPDES permits for discharge Must apply 180 days prior into navigable waters to discharge, 30 days for public comment PSD permits and standards 30 days for response from for new source air quality EPA. 30 days for public comment, 1 year maximm for final determination Alaska Statutes Title 16 Alaska Coastal Management Program Alaska Dept. of Fish & Game Office of Manage- ment and Budget Permits for crossing or 30 days work in Anadromous fish streams Consistency Certification 30 days DAMES © MOORE 2.5 TASK 5: EVALUATIONS OF POTENTIAL FOR USING PLANT EFFLUENT There is a strong interest from the Unalaska community, especially from Mayor Nancy Gross and the Alaska Department of Fish and Game to check out the potential for aquaculture development using waste heat from the geothermal fluids or from diesel generators. This heat would be used for warming water used for raising fish or shellfish. It could also be used to heat greenhouses. Such options will probably be contingent on the use of insulated pipelines to carry geothermal fluids to areas near tidewater. If pipelines are not part of the project, then options for aquaculture appear nil. The Dames & Moore Project Director, Jim Hemming is an aquaculture specialist who served last year on Governor Sheffield's Committee on Mariculture. He also owns a sea farm in the Homer area. Mr. Hemmings' specialized skills can be uti- lized as required when exhancement alternatives are considered. An evaluation of the potential uses of effluent from proposed geothermal power plant will be made and the benefits will be estimated. It must be recognized that the supply of effluent available may be greater than any poten tial demand for use in either aquaculture or green houses. This is due, in part, to potentially high transportation cost for the finished food products. These kinds of uses will be evaluated. It must also be recognized that a diesel power plant poses this same potential for heat recovery and utilization. The heat available from the equivalent diesel power plant will be less than from a geothermal power plant. However the diesel plant can be sited closer to the potential use points. All of these factors will be considered in the evaluation of waste heat utilization. 2.6 TASK 6: PERFORMANCE OF DETAILED LIFE-CYCLE COST ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF POWER SYSTEM ALTERNATIVES SAI will estimate the cost for alternatives such as geothermal power plant unit size, transmission route alternatives, and access route alternatives will be separable cost elements so that their impacts on power costs can be addressed separately. Detailed cost estimates for each alternative will be prepared taking into effect the cost factors unique to Unalaska, the particular site, and the construction methods considered appropriate. Heat recovery costs and bene- MLF6/A30 2-12) fits will also be separable elements so that their effects or lack thereof can be fully evaluated. Load growth considerations (from a report to be provided by APA) and their effects on the timing of generation additions will be evaluated as well as the effects of retirement of existing generating equipment. The condition of existing diesel generation will be evaluated to estimate the remaining life expectancy of that equipment. The requirement for an cost of these replacements will be considered in development of the life cycle costs of the geothermal generation and diesel generation alternatives. An economic model will be utilized to evaluate all economic considerations. The economic analysis will accomplish four purposes: 2.6.1 Definition of a diesel-only comparison case 2.6.2 Identification of geothermal component alternatives 2.6.3 Comparison of geothermal system alternatives under varying assumptions 2.6.4 Selection of the recommended geothermal system alternative for conceptual design in Task 7. Dames & Moore will use a discounted life cycle-cost computer model called ELFIN (Electric Financial model) to accomplish all four purposes of this task. This model is used for capital budgeting and regulatory purposes by some California utilities and by the California Public Utilities Commission and the California Energy Commission. D&M has substantial experience using it, and it is available on our VAX minicomputer system. For each year, ELFIN will compute capital, operating, maintenance, fuel and total system costs for generating and delivering the specified load requirements to the Unalaska distribution grid. The net salvage value of the system in the last year will be shown as a negative cost. Negative costs will also be shown for the value of direct use heat applications where appropriate. The costs for each year will be discounted back to the first year to permit comparison of the discounted life-cycle costs of the entire system. Life-cycle system costs will include the entire generating system. For geothermal systems they will include the cost of diesel peaking and backup MLF6/A30 2-43 units. For the reference diesel system, the costs will include only diesel generation. Both types of systems will account for the existing diesel generating equipment and allow for its maintenance and eventual replacement and expansion as required to meet the system load forecasts provided by APA. Each of the life-cycle system models will be identical in structure and, except for the sensitivity analyses, will utilize a uniform set of base-case assumptions. These assumptions will be selected by the Power Authority, or at APA's option, by the consultant with the approval of APA. The assumptions will include diesel fuel costs, fuel escalation rates, labor and capital equipment escalation rates, load growth forecasts, and changes in load duration charac- teristics over time (if needed). The analysis will be conducted in real terms unless otherwise specified by APA. Thus, inflation effects will be ignored and real discount and escalation rates will be assumed. 2.6.1 Diesel Base Case As noted above, the economic analysis will be conducted in four subtasks, each accomplishing a specific purpose. The first subtask 2.6.1 will be to define the life-cycle costs of the diesel comparison case. This task will be completed early in the course of the study and will provide an opportunity to refine the economic model and to allow the APA project manager the opportunity to evaluate and modify the base-case assumptions and to provide input into the model structure. Apart from reaching agreement on the assumptions, no addi- tional research will be required for this subtask, as SAI Engineering has in its files the necessary equipment costs. (Early completion of this task is com tingent on the availability of the APA-provided load forecast. Absent this forecast, we can work with preliminary load forecasts.) 2.6.2 Identification of Alternatives Subtask 2.6.2 will involve very close coordination between the economic and the engineering principal investigators to determine the set of components which produces the lowest cost option within each geothermal operating system corm figuration. The result of this subtask will be the life-cycle costs and the equipment requirements of several candidate geothermal system configurations. Configurations will be developed to optimize specified criteria such as minimum MLF6/A30 2-14 initial investment, minimum operating cost, maximum capacity flexibility, and minimum base-case life-cycle cost. This exercise is critical in that it reflects the synergy between the individual assessments contained in the first five tasks and helps to avoid the problems associated with suboptimization (optimizing a subsystem). 2.6.3 Sensitivity Analysis of Alternatives Task 2.6.3 will consist of the application of the sensitivity analyses to the “best-of-type" systems identified in the previous subtask. This will involve close coordination with the APA project manager to examine the effects of alternative sensitivity analyses on the selection of the optimal system con- figuration. For example, sensitivity analyses on diesel prices will indicate the point at which a low capital cost-high diesel load peaking requirements system becomes unattractive. Sensitivity analyses on the load forecast will indicate the robustness of the maximum generation flexibility alternative. The robustness of the low operating cost option versus the low capital cost option will be revealed through sensitivity analyses on discount rate. 2.6.4 Selection of Recommended System Based on these analyses and in consultation with the APA, an optimal geothermal system will be selected. This system will be compared with the base- case diesel alternative to determine whether a geothermal system can be recom mended. If recommended, the optimal geothermal system will be conceptually designed in Task 7. The refined costs developed in Task 7 will be used to rerun the economic model and compare it to the diesel base case. Sensitivity analysis runs will be used to define the threshold value for each of the sensitivity parameters (i.e., those values at which the geothermal alternative is no longer optimal). If, for some unforeseen reason, ELFIN is found to be inappropriate for this task, a computer model will be developed on a Lotus 1-2-3" IBMcompatible soft- ware. Dames & Moore already has a template for conducting the engineering- economic analysis of alternative electrical generating systems. This template allows the user to specify all of the fuel costs, capital and operating costs and escalation rates as parameters, facilitating sensitivity analyses. These MLF6/A30 2-15 analyses would be conducted on IBMcompatible personal computers with hard disks. If ELFIN is not used spreadsheets and templates can be transferred to APA in 1-2-3 or DIF format for analysis on other spreadsheet software. In the event that ELFIN is used, the results of the model runs but not the program could be provided to APA, unless APA pays a modest licensing fee to the Environmental Defense Fund, which created ELFIN and owns its rights. 2.7 TASK 7: FORMULATION OF FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS/PREPARATION OF CONCEPTUAL DESIGN Findings and recommendations will be summarized in a separate chapter of the report. If the conclusions are that a geothermal power plant is the recommended alternative, a conceptual design will be prepared as an adjunct to the feasibi- lity report. The conceptual design of the selected geothermal powerplant will consist of drawings, equipment, and system descriptions and estimates. The following drawings will be prepared: a. Process Flow Diagram/Heat Balance b. Schematic Plant Arrangement/Equipment Arrangement c. Single Line Metering and Relay Diagram (Optional, Budget Permitting) d. Transmission Line Routing Drawing e. Schematic Geothermal Wells and Collection/Disposal or Reinjection System Plan f. Access Roads In addition, engineers on the team will provide cost estimates for the recommended major equipment which may include turbine generator, condenser, cooling tower, major pumps, piping, production and injection wells. Electrical equipment will include switchgear, transformers, transmission line components. The project team will also provide preliminary estimates of all structures, site work, and drilling activities. 2.8 TASK 8: PROJECT REPORTING As noted throughout the above scope of work, the team views two-way com munication with APA as a crucial element in successfully achieving the objec~ tives of the program. This communication includes several elements: MLF6/A30 2-16 ° A project kickoff meeting and site visit; ° Weekly status briefings to the APA Project Manager; ° Draft Report; ° Conceptual Design; ° Final Report. The project will kickoff with a meeting between the APA Project Manager, Dames & Moore's Project Director (Jim Hemming), Project Manager (Marvin Feldman), and representatives of SAI and Mesquite. This meeting will assure that all parties have a mutually agreed-on understanding of the goals and methods of the project. The group will proceed to Unalaska and to the project site, ideally accompanied by the APA Project Manager. This trip will help gain valuable information on existing generating equipment and needs and on the site and transmission corridor conditions. In addition, it will provide an oppor tunity to cement relationships between the consulting team and APA. During the course of the project, Dames & Moore will provide the APA Project Manager with weekly briefings. These will be conducted in person in Anchorage by Jim Hemming and/or by telephone with Marvin Feldman. Monthly progress report memos will also be circulated to the team and to APA. Accounting reports to accompany billings will be facilitated by Dames & Moore's weekly JRS (Job Reporting System) Reports. These are described in Section 3.0 of this proposal. The draft and final reports will compile the information gained during the course of the project. A tentative outline of the report will be submitted to APA within two months of project start-up. Ten copies of the draft report and thirty copies of the final report plus a camera-ready master will be provided to APA. If a geothermal power system is recommended, SAI Engineers will provide a conceptual design of the recommended system. The content of this deliverable is described in Section 2.7 Dames & Moore takes pride in providing APA with reports which are well- documented, readable, and useful. Our understanding of APA's mission, our rela- tionships with individuals, and our knowledge of Alaska's environment and MLF6/A30 2-17 institutions all contribute to the quality of our reports. We intend to provide APA with sufficient documentation to support a decision on Unalaska geothermal development. If an economically feasible project is identified, the conceptual design will form the basis for initiating engineering design work. MLF6/A30 2-18 3.0 MANAGEMENT PLAN 3.1 STUDY ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT Efficient management of this feasibility study will be the key to success- fully identifying an economically viable geothermal project for Unalaska. Unlike more routine feasibility studies, the problem is not merely to identify an efficient engineering solution for the site from a few alternative options. Geothermal resources are inherently unique or at least nonstandard. The remote- ness of the site and the relatively small generating capacity mean that the plant and transmission facilities must be ideally matched to the conditions. Finding this ideal match will require close teamwork between engineers, econo- mists, and environmental professionals with intimate knowledge of the site. The Dames & Moore team is fortunate to be able to offer this type of coordinated expertise based on combined decades of experience in managing engineering- economic analyses and environmental studies in Alaska in the Bering Sea as well as Unalaska. Coupled with the previous experience gained on the previous Unalaska geothermal projects for APA of the Mesquite Group and the geothermal design capability of SAI Engineers, the team is ideally suited to meet the challenge presented by this study. Dames & Moore will act as prime contractor for the team, assuming the responsibility for project management as well as the environmental and economic analyses. SAI Engineers will perform the engineering design and costing of the powerplant, transmission systems and the related facilities. The Mesquite Group will serve as a consultant to the team in a small but pivotal role of resource evaluation. The Mesquite Group consists of the geothermal resource expertise of what was formerly the operating group from Republic Geothermal (which has ceased operations). The Mesquite Group brings the expertise gained on the previous APA studies of Unalaska geothermal resources into the proposed team. Dames & Moore offers the expertise gained over thirty engineering-economic and environmental studies in the bering Sea area, many on Unalaska and the Aleutians. The team organization is illustrated in Figure 3.1. The Project Director, Mr. James Hemming, will have overall contractual responsibility to the Alaska Power Authority and Dames & Moore for the project. He will monitor the project MLF7/B 3-1 APA PROJECT MANAGER D.Denig-Chakroff PROJECT DIRECTOR Jim Hemming Manager Alaska Operations D&M PROJECT MANAGER Marvin Feldman Senior Economist D&M ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCE GEOTHERMAL ANALYSIS CONCERNS EVALUATION ENGINEERING M. Feldman P.1. J.Hemming P.I. D.Campbel1 _— Senior Economist Mgr. Alaska Ops. President p : D&M resident SAI Dogon Mesquite Group UTILITY SYSTEMS EVALUATION POWER PLANT DESIGN A. Wiebold Chief M.E. SAI TRANSMISSION SYSTEM DESIGN N. Ingraham B. Hepponstal] V.P. SAI Chief E.E. SAI Figure 3.1: PROJECT ORGANIZATION UNALASKA GEOTHERMAL PROJECT Dames & Moore team activities through the project manager, Dr. Marvin Feldman, and will pro- vide guidance as required to assure that study objectives and contractual requirement are met. In addition, Mr. Hemming will serve as the principal investigator of the environmental studies. Based in Anchorage, Mr. Hemming will interface with the Alaska Power Authority on contractual and financial matters and will participate with the project manager overseeing the study scope, sche- dule, and performance. Mr. Hemming has previously directed many major complex, multidisciplinary projects in Alaska including site selection, geotechnical engineering, environmental permitting, and baselines for the Red Dog Mine proj- ect in northwestern Alaska, the Diamond Chuitna Coal Field EIS in Cook Inlet, Alaska, the Unalaska Island Geothermal Project environmental baseline data collection, and is currently a senior consultant to the Yukon Pacific Company for development of a trans-Alaska gas pipeline system. He has management experience in directing multi-organization participation and major studies and is experienced in interfacing with government agencies and public interest groups including local resource and management agencies. Mr. Hemming has more than 25 years of professional experience on Alaska projects. Dr. Marvin Feldman, a Senior Economist in Dames & Moore's Planning and Economic Studies group, will serve as Project Manager, coordinating the efforts of the engineering resource evaluation, economic and environmental components of the study. Dr. Feldman has a long record of service performing economic engi- neering studies for APA and other government agencies in Alaska. In keeping with the streamlined organization, he will also serve as the principal investi- gator for the economic feasibility studies. In addition to his Alaska experience, Dr. Feldman's academic training and practice in geology and natural resource economics have helped to prepare him for this role. His location in the S.F. Bay Area is fortuitous in that it will facilitate easy communication with SAI Engineers in nearby Santa Clara. SAI Engineers will provide the engineering design and cost analyses for all geothermal system components. Mr. Normal P. Ingraham, Vice President, Utility Systems at SAI, will serve as principal investigator for power system eval- uation. Mr. Burt Hepponstall, Chief Electrical Engineer, SAI, will lead the analysis of the transmission system alternatives. Mr. Arnold A. Weibold, Chief Mechanical Engineer, SAI, will lead the geothermal powerplant design effort. MLF7/B 32 SAI will rely on Don Campbell (President) and Skip Matlick (Senior Geologist) of the Mesquite Group, Inc. to help evaluate the geothermal resource potential and to help SAI translate the previous studies into conceptual designs. Mesquite, through its previous work on the Makushin Volcano, will provide the team con- tinuity with the previous studies, as well as a sense of the logistical dif- ficulties and possible solutions for this remote area. As is evident from the above, the concept in staffing the team has been to select a few senior level professionals with in-depth understanding of the problems to be encountered. This approach minimizes the time and effort needed to come up the learning curve, as well as enhancing the probability of solving the difficult problems to be encountered. Table 3.1 shows the breakdown of hours by individual and task. Although the number of hours which the project budget will buy is limited, APA will be receiving quality hours of highly experienced individuals. To ensure that the team is fully aware of the site conditions and to provide an opportunity for the consultants to meet the APA Project Manager, the project will kick off with a meeting of the project principals in Anchorage. The group (ideally accompanied by Dave Denig-Chakroff) will proceed to Unalaska and to the project site. At Unalaska the team will meet with City Manager Nancy Gross and, if appropriate, native corporation representatives and other members of the com munity. The team will proceed by helicopter to the potential plant site to obtain familiarity with the environment and to gain insight into the problems of site access for construction of the plant and transmission and other necessary facilities. Dames & Moore has established excellent working relationships with SAI Engineers and with the Mesquite Group's personnel through cooperation on pre- vious projects. As noted above, Dames & Moore served as a subcontractor to Republic on the previous APA study of Unalaska Geothermal. In that role Dames & Moore provided logistical and environmental input as well as serving a valuable local contact role as our office is located in Anchorage. Dames & Moore also has worked as subcontractor to SAI. MLF7/B 3=3 TABLE 3.1: UNALASKA GEOTHERMAL PROJECT MANPOWER LOADING (DIRECT LABOR HOURS) DAMES & MOORE kee rere nn nnn nnn nnn nnn nn nn nnn en nn nn nn nnn enn nnn nnn nn nn nn nn nn nnn nn rn nn nn nnn nnn nnn nn nn nn nn nnn nen n nner nn nn= > PROJECT STAFF: HEMMING FELDMAN KNECHT MCCANN MORSELL HOUGHTON DEARTH REWER UMENHOFER KRZNSKY CLER/ SUBTOT. POSITION: DIR/BIOL MGR/ECON ECON ECON AQ BIO MAR. BIO HYDROL AIR QUAL*AIR QUAL* GEOTECH SUPPORT DEM eevee ne e--eee---- 2 ee enone -- (none ene cane nn nner nn nnn n nnn n nn nnn nnn nnn nn nnn nnn n enn nn nnn nn nnn on nn nn nn nnn ne enn n ene -- = 22-22-22 - == 22 -----) TASK: (OPTION) (OPTION) 1. GEOTHERMAL SYSTEMS 40 40 2. TRANSMISSION 16 40 56 3. FACILITIES 24 35 59 4. ENVIRONMENTAL 40 40 4.1 FLUIDS 20 20 20 60 4.2 CONSTRUCTION : 20 20 20 60 4.3 AIR QUALITY(*) (20) (20) (40) 4.4 PERMITTING 40 40 5. HEAT USE 16 16 32 6. ECONOMICS 80 32 80 192 7. CONCEPTUAL DESIGN 0 8. REPORT PREPARATION 40 120 220 380 9. PROJECT MANAGEMENT 32 80 112 TOTAL D&M DL HOURS 148 316 32 80 80 40 20 (20)* (20)* 15 220 1,071 ¥ Optional service: see Section 2.4 PCT. FULL TIME EQUIVALENT ' 15% 38% 3% 8% 8% 4% 2% 0% 0% 8 19% (OVER 6 MONTHS 9/86-2/87) . SAI ENGINEERS INC. PROJECT STAFF (CONT.): POSITION: PI ENGR PHRPLT PHRPLT TRANSM PLT.CONST PI UTIL PWRPLT ENGINEER SAL RESOURCE GEOL DRILL EN eoreeeeeeeeeeee neon ene n---= hee renee ene nen rene nnn nen nnn nnn n nnn n nnn n nnn n nnn n nn nnn nn nnn nnn nn en nnn nn nn nn nnn nen nen n ne eneeeee) (2---+- eee eee eee oe +--+ eee TASK: 1, GEOTHERMAL SYSTEMS 120 40 120 140 90 40 630 2 a 2. TRANSMISSION 10 40 20 4“ 80 16 20 8 8 3. FACILITIES 20 40 2 82 16 190 8 4. ENVIRONMENTAL 12 FY ‘ 40 4.1 FLUIDS 0 4.2 CONSTRUCTION 0 4.3 AIR QUALITY 0 4.4 PERMITTING 0 5. HEAT USE 16 22 a 8 80 6. ECONOMICS 8 2 40 u 8 108 7. CONCEPTUAL DESIGN 16 22 2 2 40 12120 mu 360 8. REPORT PREPARATION 16 16 16 16 6 8 9. PROJECT MANAGEMENT 0 TOTAL SAI/MSQTE OL HOURS 9 212180 80 2 60 uo 282280 132 1,678 40 0 | PCT. FULL TIME EQUIVALENT % 18S 8s % SHES % mw 8 (OVER 6 MONTHS 9/86-2/87) WEMBRENO NEEDHAM WEIBOLD HEPPONSTL DULUDE INGRAHAM JOHNSTON STAFF DRAFTING SUPPORT SUBTOT. CAMPBELL MATLIK MESQUITE COOK FISHER SUBTOT. PROD.EN MESQUITE aii! > 80 192 16 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 & 0 80 224 3.2 SCHEDULE Six months--September 1986 through February 1987--have been scheduled for the feasibility study. Although tight, the schedule can be met because of the team's direct experience on Unalaska and its familiarity with site conditions. This greatly accelerates the study process, with less time being required to develop baseline information. It also reduces the field investigation time requirements, which is a benefit because it lowers the risk of inclement weather prolonging the site visit in Unalaska. Figure 3.2 presents a bar-chart depiction of the proposed work schedules. It begins on the first week of September with the kick-off meeting in Anchorage and the principals' site visit, and ends on March 1, 1987 with delivery of the Final Report. The draft final report will be submitted in mid January, 1987, to allow one month for APA review and two weeks to incorporate comments and prepare the Final Report. Accordingly, a total of approximately 41/2 months will be available for field work, analysis and draft preparation. 3.3 PROJECT ADMINISTRATION Dames & Moore has a variety of systems for budget and schedule control, com munications, and report production. These are described briefly below. 3.3.1 Budget and Cost Control Dames & Moore projects are set up with rigorous work plans to delineate individual staff persons' timetables and costs. The firm has a computer-based Job Reporting System (JRS) for recording, checking, and measuring job costs on a weekly basis. The accounting week ends on Fridays; by the following Wednesday, the Project Manager has a comprehensive record of the previous week's exper ditures of time and materials, by task and by staff person, as well as cumula tive expenditures to date. The JRS also includes a cost forecasting capability, which allows the manager to measure job progress in comparison to budgeted and remaining funds. An example of a typical JRS weekly report is attached. A computerized billing system is coupled to the JRS. Invoices are generated on a periodic basis summarizing the expenses incurred during the billing period. MLF7/B 3-4 1987 . GEOTHERMAL SYSTEMS 2. TRANSMISSION LINE 3. SUPPORT FACILITIES 4. ENVIRONMENTAL 5. HEAT USES 6. ECONOMIC ANALYSIS 7. CONCEPTUAL DESIGN 8. REPORT PREPARATION REPORT SUBMISSIONS: 1. PROGRESS (1) 2. ACCOUNTING 3. DRAFT FEASIBILITY 4. FINAL FEASIBILITY NOTES: SEPTEMBER OCTOBER NOVEMBER I DECEMBER JANUARY FEBRUARY a (APA Review iit (3) Dames & Moore 1. Includes also weekly telephone situation reports to APA Project Manager. 2. Includes report outline. 3. Includes conceptual design. Figure 3.2: PROJECT SCHEDULE UNALASKA GEOTHERMAL PROJECT The format of the billing statements can be tailored to the specific needs of each individual client. Both the JRS reports and the billing system provide continuous project cost documentation which can serve as a first level, real- time audit of project costs. 3.3.2 Communications The RFP calls for monthly status reports to be provided to the APA. To satisfy this requirement, which is the norm for our projects, we employ various comminications controls and documentation procedures to regulate the flow of information. Effective communications begin with a specific definition of the scope, cost, and schedule for each principal investigator (PI), for each work element in the scope of work. Management reports are based on the PIs following a prescribed set of guidelines whereby they inform the Project Manager on a weekly basis of their schedule and budgetary situation vis-a-vis the master schedule and budget (the Project Manager distributes appropriate information from the weekly JRS reports to the PIs, and prepares summaries for the Project Director so he stays apprised of the project's progress). From this information a monthly internal management report as well as the client's interim progress report are prepared. These indicate the schedule and budget status, a com parison of work accomplished versus work planned for the reporting period, an identification and explanation of unexpected conditions encountered and how they were dealt with during the period, a description of activities planned for the next week, and accounting and billing information. Dames & Moore's VAX minicomputer system provides for information exchange among all offices (via VAXMAIL). Memoranda, reports, texts, and computer data are communicated both to video and printer terminals and to the offices' word processing departments, which can send and receive text and tabular material for production of edited and formatted material. High-speed telecopies are used for text and graphics transmission. Microcomputers at work stations and remote locations (homes and in the field) are equipped with telecommunication modems, thereby enabling transmission of field-generated text and data via the VAXMAIL to Dames & Moore offices. Our subcontractors also have the capability to access the VAXMAIL system. MLF7/B 3-5 3.3.3 Report Production Each Dames & Moore office has high volume reproduction equipment for pro- ducing reports. Word processing and technical illustration facilities are well- equipped and staffed. As noted above, text prepared in one office can be transmitted and merged into other material at another office. MLF7/B 3-6 4.0 QUALIFICATIONS AND EXPERIENCE Information on the corporate and individual staff experience of the proposed Unalaska Geothermal Project study team is presented in the following section. For each firm in the team--Dames & Moore, SAI Engineers, and Mesquite Group--a set of the following types of information is provided: ° General firm experience; ° Project-relevant work experience; ° Resumes of staff experience. 4.1 DAMES & MOORE As a firm, Dames & Moore is one of the world's largest consulting organiza- tions providing services in the economic, environmental and applied earth scier- ces, with over 1,500 employees in offices in nearly 50 principal U.S. and foreign cities. One-half of the professional staff of over 700 hold advancei degrees in a wide range of technical fields. Our clients number more than 11,000 in over 100 countries. Gross revenues of the firm in its 1985-86 fiscal year were approximately $70 million. Dames & Moore has maintained an office and multidisciplinary staff in Anchorage for over a dozen years, where we have conducted more than 300 engi- neering, economic and scientific studies. These projects have included long- term environmental baseline studies, assessment, reclamation and monitoring of oil development impacts, facilities planning and economics for transportation systems, ports and mines, and work with and for numerous state and federal agen- cies and native organizations. Professionals in technical disciplines include oceanography and coastal engineering planning, economics, terrestrial and marine biology, geology and engineering geology and project management. Federal and State agencies, such as the Army Corps of Engineers, National Marine Fisheries Service, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Alaska Department of Fish & Game, Alaska Department of Natural Resources, Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation, and the Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities havepraised the firm for its comprehensive, unbiased approach and coverage, and its ability to resolve difficult issues. MLF7/C 4-1 The Planning and Economic Services Group (PES) in San Francisco has a long record in resource development activities in Alaska. The group focuses on natural resources, ranging from such energy developments as oil, gas, cogenera- tion and geothermal resources, to fisheries and such hard-rock minerals as coal and strategic metals. Logistic and transportation analysis is an essential com ponent of most resource supply questions. The recently completed Alaska Power Authority Feasibility Study for using coal of Northwestern Alaska in the villa ges of the region entailed a large element of transportation network analysis. Besides its work for APA in various hydroelectric projects, Dames & Moore has participated in APA's geothermal exploration work on Unalaska, where we pro- vided geotechnical and construction engineering input to Republic Geothermal during their initial investigations of the island's potential for geothermal resources. Dames & Moore also performed extensive geotechnical, environmental and planning work for the Alaska Department of Transportation on Unalaska for seaward extension of the Unalaska Airport runway. On the following pages, a number of relevant studies performed in the pro- ject region as well as elsewhere in Alaska are described. Resumes of the experience and backgrounds of the Dames & Moore staff to be assigned to this project are included in the latter part of this subsection. These include the following persons: Name, and Specialty Unalaska Project Assignment James Hemming (Partner) Project Director, Principal Sr. Arctic Biologist Investigator (P1), Environmental Studies Marvin Feldman Project Manager, PI, Sr. Economist Economic Studies Douglas Brewer (Associate) Air Quality Impact Analysis Air Quality Engineer Glenn Dearth Hydrological Analysis Water Resources Engineer David Erickson Terrestrial Biological Analysis Terrestrial Ecologist Theodore Hammer Geotechnical Analysis Arctic Engineer MLF7/C 4-2 Name, and Specialty Jonathan Houghton (Associate) Sr. Fishery Biologist Ronald Knecht Sr. Economist Thomas Krzewinski (Associate) Arctic Engineer Richard McCann Energy Economist Clifford Morrison Geologist John Morsell Sr. Ecologist Thomas Umenhofer (Associate) Sr. Meteorologist MLF7/C Unalaska Project Assignment Aquatic Biological Analysis Electrical Generation Geotechnical Analysis Energy Economics Analysis Geological Investigation Ecology Investigation Air Quality Analysis KEY CLIENT REFERENCES Mr. Brent Petrie Director/Rural Technical Support Alaska Power Authority 701 East Tudor Road P.0. Box 190869 Anchorage, Alaska 99519 Telephone: (907)561-7877 Mr. Kevin Banks Project Manager Minerals Management Service 949 East 36th Avenue Anchorage, Alaska 99501 Telephone: (907)261-4000 Mr. Edward Philips Petroleum Economist Alaska Dept. of Minerals & Energy Management 3601 'C' Street Pouch 7034 Anchorage, Alaska 99510 Telephone: (907)762-4286 4-3a Mr. Richard Careaga Former Planning Director City of Unalaska 1320 Garotto Court Modesto, California 95355 Telephone: (209)521-6814 Mr. Tom Arminski Permits & Lands Specialist Alaska Power Authority 701 East Tudor Road P.O. Box 190869 Anchorage, Alaska 99519 Telephone: (907)561-7877 SELECTED PROJECT EXPERIENCE WITHIN PROJECT AREA o Unalaska Geothermal Exploration: Project Environmental and Geotechnical Services For: Republic Geothermal/Alaska Power Authority (APA) (1982—$40,000) Dames & Moore conducted extensive literature reviews and field studies to complete an environmental base line that would provide useful data for location and design of proposed facilities, provide information required for acquisition of environmental permits and to establish an environmental data basis for assessment of project impacts. The data base included water quality, aquatic biology, wildlife, vegetation, and archaeology. o Unalaska Airport Extension: Environmental Coastal Processes and Geotechnical Engineering For: Alaska Dept. of Transportation and Public Facilities (ADOTPF) (1980—$1 ,600,000) A multidisciplinary study of site and ocean conditions, and design for a 2500-foot runway extension for the Unalaska Airport. The studies incor porated underwater geological, geophysical, oceanographic, marine biological and quarry investigations at the site, and engineering analyses incorporating rock testing, earthquake and tsunami studies, and computer analysis of slope stabilities. o Chernofski Harbor Development Plan For: ADOTPF (1981—$245,000) Dames & Moore developed a conceptual plan for a new port and community at Chernofski Harbor at the south end of Unalaska Island. o Aleutian Regional Airport Project For: City of Unalaska (1982--$50,000) A range of air traffic volumes to Unalaska was estimated based on our assessment of the potential for the bottomfish industry, and oil and gas exploration and development. Based on this assessment, we estimated the employment, population, and spending impacts that would result from a full- time, year-round fishing industry on Unalaska Island. The resulting air traffic was shown to severely tax the existing air facility by the early 1990's. MLF6/AP1 oO SELECTED PROJECT EXPERIENCE WITHIN PROJECT AREA (Cont.) North Aleutian Shelf Petroleum Technology Assessment For: U.S. Bureau of Land Mgmt., OCS (1980--$60,000) Dames & Moore conducted a series of technology and economic assessments of the Aleutian Shelf OCS lease sale areas to determine the technical and engineering requirements to produce and transport the potential oil and gas resources. Cumulative Economic Impacts of Bering Sea Petroleum Development For: Mineral Mgmt. Service, OCS (1982—$13,250) Dames & Moore calibrated, updated, and compared the economics of deve- loping four Bering Sea OCS lease sales in selected areas. Economic and employment impacts for isolated sales were compared to the impacts of deve- loping combinations of Bering Sea leases to determine the net effect of cor current development. Bering Sea Facility Siting Project Environmental and Economic Services For: Alaska Dept. Community and Regional Affairs (ADCRA) (1984--$125,000) The study was designed to analyze the regulatory processes addressing facility siting issues associated with major resource development projects, how local coastal management districts and other units of government or affected publics are involved in these processes, and to increase local involvement and influence in these processes. Utilizing a detailed knowledge of state and federal regulations and permit requirements, Dames & Moore deve- loped a detailed regulatory analysis of permit requirements for major energy facilities. This analysis focused on the state's coastal project review pro- cedures and federal and state permit requirements for oil and gas projects. MLF6/AP2 OTHER PERTINENT ALASKA EXPERIENCE ' o Kodiak Island Coastal Sensitivity For: Kodiak Island Borough (1985) Natural resource values occurring on the coastal fringe of Kodiak Island were identified and relative levels of sensitivity to impact from marine oil spills were mapped for the entire area. The project report is a basic part of the Kodiak Island oil spill contingency plan. o Pribilof Islands Harbor Feasibility and Environmental Assessment For: ADOTPF (1982 - $248,000) Due to the potential loss of their livelihood with the demise of the government controlled fur seal industry, the people of the Pribilof Islands are attempting to turn to commercial fishing as their primary occupation. Dames & Moore provided environmental and engineering services to locate and design new harbor facilities for the Tanadgusix Native Corporation and the Tanaq Native Corporation. o Economic Feasibility of the Construction of Port Facilities at Sitka For: ADOTPF (1982 - $45,000) Dames & Moore prepared a details economic feasibility analysis of a pro- posed $15 million port facility at Sitka. Based on the cargo projections to Sitka and beyond, port revenues were estimated and compared to the costs of building and operating a new port facility. Cargo projections for Sitka and all of Southeast Alaska were based on projected economic growth and the potential impact of new fisheries developments and mining ventures. Also included was an in-depth analysis of the potential growth of bottom-fish harvesting in the Gulf of Alaska. Sitka was further analyzed for its potential as a trans-shipment port for other Southeast cities. o Bristol Regional Power Plan Environ- mental Baseline and Assessment For: Stone & Webster/APA (1983 - $393,000) As part of the Bristol Bay regional power plan, Dames & Moore investigated the environmental aspects of a potential hydroelectric installations in the Iliamna Lake Watershed. Field investigations included aspects of aquatic and terrestrial biology, water chemistry, archelogy, socioeconomics, and aesthetics. Biological studies emphasized anadromous fish resources and habitat mapping. Input was provided to design engineers and at public scoping sessions during development of the project concept regarding environmental concerns and possible mitigation measures. An Environmental Report was prepared according to Federal Energy Regulatory Commission licensing guidelines. 4-6 o Bethel Area Power Plan Energy Forcasts For: Harza/APA (1982 - $59,600) As a subcontractor to Harza Engineering, we studied the feasibility of using coal for both electrical generation and space heating. This study involved evaluation of potential coal sources from Alaska, Canada, and the lower 48. Transportation economics and capacity of port facilities at Bethel were evaluated. Dames & Moore also assisted Harza Engineering in comparing the eco- nomics of using coal versus other types of energy sources using a linear programming cost alogrithm. o Newhalen Hydroelectric Feasibility Environmental Baselines For: Stone & Webster/APA (1982-84 - $274,000) As part of the Bristol Bay energy plan development, Dames & Moore conducted an intensive study of migration patterns of juvenile sockeye salmon the Newhalen River, a tributary of Lake Iliamna, Alaska. Acoustics and a specially designed netting system were used in 1982 to gather data upon which to base evaluations of impacts of a proposed hydroelectric facility. Net sampling using fyke nets and traps is planned again in 1983 to further define pattern of fry and smolt out-migration in the system. o Tazimina Hyrdoelectric Feasibility Environmental Assessment For: Stone & Webster/APA (1985-86 - $21,400) As part of Phase I feasibility level study, Dames & Moore investigated the environmental aspects of a proposed hydroelectric installation at Lower Tazimina Lake in the Tazimina River drainage, northeast of Iliamna, Alaska. Field investigations included aspects of aquatic and terrestrial biology, water che- mistry, archelogy, socioeconomics, and aesthetics. Biological studies empha- sized anadromous fish resources and habitat mapping. A major part of the study was the development of an Instream Flow model. o Assessment of Economic and Environmental Costs and Benefits of Lease Sale Stipulations for Exploratory Oil Drilling in the Beaufort Sea For: Alaska Division of Minerals & Energy Management (DMEM) (1982 - $145,000) Dames & Moore analyzed the economic and environmental impacts of eight alternatives for seasonal restrictions on petroleum exploration in the Beaufort Sea. A cash flow model was used to predict revenue impacts on the State of Alaska, the petroleum industry and the federal government. A quantitative biological model was used to estimate the relative degree of environmental pro- tection afforded by each of the alternative seasonal restrictions. The biologic and economic values were balanced within a specially designed decision analysis to identify the preferences and tradeoffs of key Alaskan decision-makers. 4-7 o Susitna Hydroelectric Energy Forecast For: Harza-Ebasco/APA (1985-86 - $30,000) Dames and Moore assisted Harza-Ebasco in comparing the economics of using coal and natural gas versus other types of energy sources during the Susitna Project FERC licensing process. o Susitna Hydroelectric Environmental Consultation For: Harza-Ebasco/APA (1985-86 - $10,000) Dames & Moore's senior wildlife biologist reviewed wildlife mitigation plans prepared by various Susitna Project subcontractors as -part of Harza-Ebasco's quality control system. o Susitna Hydroelectric Project Resource User Survey For: Institute of Social & Economic Research University (1985 - $10,800) A survey was conducted of urban and rural resource users of the Susitna Basin. The survey area included the Municipality of Anchorage, the Fairbanks North Star and Matanuska-Susitna Boroughs. Hunting, fishing, camping, boating, all-terrain vehicle use, berry picking, photography, and subsistence activity was recorded as input to the FERC licensing process for the Susitna Hydroelectric project. o Environmental Assessment St. George Island Rock Quarry Site For: Peratovich, Nottingham & Drage, Inc. (1984 - $7,500) An environmental assessment was prepared for a proposed rock quarry on St. George Island in an area immediately adjacent to major fur seal pupping areas and marine bird colonies. o Pribilif Island Transportation Study For: ADOTPF (1982 - $626,000) The aleut people of the Pribilof Islands are faced with a major change from an economy dominated by fur seal harvest and processing to one based primarily on a developing commercial fishery. This study evaluated the transporation needs of the Pribilof Island through the year 2000. Our client was the State of Alaska. es DAMES “4-8 o Diamond Chuitna Coal EIS For: Diamond Alaska Coal Company/EPA (1985-86 - $490,000) Dames & Moore prepared an Environmental Impact Statement for the the Diamond Chuitna Coal project to Cook Inlet Alaska consistent with current CEQ and NEPA guidelines. o Northwest Alaska Coal Assessment For: Alaska Power Authority (1981 - $250,000) Dames & Moore evaluated the technical and economic feasibility of replacing diesel fuel with coal on the Seward Peninsula and the Noatak and Ambler Districts. We estimated the potential coal resources within the area; developed feasibility scenarios for mining, transporting, and burning coal in small power plants. We forecasted local energy demands and compared the economics of using coal versus other types of energy resources to meet this demand. o Bradley Lake Hydroelectric Project Environmental Studies and Surveillance For: Bechtel Civil & Minerals, Inc. (1985-86 - $198,350) As a subcontractor to the construction manager, Dames & Moore provided an environmental review of project designs, provided a permit tracking system, environmental surveillance, environmental briefings for project personnel and conducted an anadromous fish study program on the Bradley River. o Economic Comparison of Port at Valdez and other Southcentral Alaska Ports For: City of Valdez (1979 - $19,200) Dames & Moore evaluated the relative economics of a Valdez container port compared to the ports of Whittier, Seward and Anchorage. Factors such as capi- tal investment, maintenance costs, ship travel time, tariffs, and the ultimate costs of goods to consumers were included in the assessment. Advantages and disadvantages of Valdez' ability to capture some of the South Central Alaska market were identified. o Yukon Pacific Natural Gas Pipeline Environmental & Geotechnical Services For: Yukon Pacific Corporation (ongoing - $29,280) Dames & Moore is providing environmental and geotechnical support for the preliminary design and right-of-way lease process for an 800 mile long natural gas pipeline from Prudhoe Bay to Alaska's south coast. 4-9 o Stream Use Assessment For: Alaska Dept. of Environmental Conservation (1985 - $125,000) A survey of stream users of streams influenced by placer mining was accomplished for twenty two streams in Alaska Circle Mining District. In addi- tion, an extensive field sampling program was conducted in the Birch Creek watershed. Sampling parameters included water quality, hydrology, sediment transport, fisheries, and invertebrates. User interviews including the greater Fairbanks area focused on mining, fishing, hunting, trapping, and potable water and boating. Recommendations for basin planning and mitigation were included in the report. o Air Quality Monitoring & Modeling Red Dog Mine Project For: Cominco Alaska Inc. (1981-86 - $50,000) Dames & Moore meteoroligists developed baseline weather and air quality data for the worlds largest zinc-lead mine. Subsequently, comprehensive models were developed that formed the basis for PSD permit aquisition. o Best Availabie Control Technology for Geothermal Power Plants For: Environmental Protection Agency (1984 - $90,000) Data from known geothermal resource areas around the world were reviewed: by Dames & Moore specialists and developed into a detailed report for the Environmental Protection Agency called the "Best Available Control Technology for Geothermal Power Plants". o Social and Economic Impacts of A Commercial Herring Fishery In the Bering Sea For: North Pacific Fishery Management Council (1978 - $50,000) Dames & Moore biologists and social scientists interviewed native sub- sistence fishermen, commercial fishermen, and fish processors in western Alaska. The result of this effort was a zoning plan for herring fisheries of the eastern Bering Sea that was designed to protect local subsistence fishermen. Our client was the North Pacific Fishery Management Council. o Trans Alaska Pipeline System For: Alyeska Pipeline Service Company (1970-86 - $11,000,000) Dames & Moore provided complete Arctic Civil and geotechnial engineering services for this 800 mile hot oil pipeline. Services included preliminary geologic assessments and route selection studies; data gathering geotechnical investigations; laboratory testing of soil and rock samples; design of pipeline foundation systems; slope stability studies and stabilization designs; road alignment and design studies; construction monitoring; design of rock cuts; site 4-10 selection and foundation designs for pump stations and the terminal; performance monitoring; and the design of remedial works: for areas of poor performance. o 1 Paso Natural Gas Pipeline For: £1 Paso Gas Company (1974-78 - $250,000) Dames & Moore carried out preliminary alignment studies and developed a conceptional design and construction scheme. The proposed 800 mile pipeline would have paralleled TAPS from Prudhoe Bay to Gravina Point. o Red Dog Mine Access Road Port & Mill Facility For: Cominco Alaska, Inc. (1979-86 - $500,000) Dames & Moore carried out the preliminary route selection studies for the 60 mile access road and geologically mapped several potential corridors. The site selection for the Port and Mill facilities entailed geotechnical investiga- tions of 3 potential port sites and 4 potential mill sites. The foundation work for the port and mill facilities is presently in progress. o Alaska Natural Gas Transportation System (ANGTS) For: Exxon Pipeline Co. & Alyeska Pipeline Service Company (1979-85 - $1,000,000) Under contract to the owners of TAPS, Dames & Moore carried out independent reviews of the ANGTS designs being advanced by Northwest Alaska Pipeline Company. The TAPS owners were concerned with potentioal interruption of oil flow by construction of or poor performance of the proposed parallel gas pipe- line. Studies included relignments, pad reuse studies, analysis of planned pipeline crossings, slope stability studies, and thermal compatability studies. 4-11 Curriculum Vitae ESSE SR oe Cae JAMES E. HEMMING Title Partner Manager, Alaska Operations Senior Arctic Biologist Expertise Management of interdisciplinary projects, environmental surveillance and monitoring, arctic and subarctic biology, commercial fishery evaluation, subsistence survey, aquatic and terrestrial habitat classification and inventory, remote sensing and aerial photography. Experience © Principal Investigator, Kuparuk 0i1 Field rehabilitation With Firm studies ° Project Manager, permitting and environmental services for Bradley Lake Hydroelectric Project, Homer, Alaska © Project Manager and Principal Investigator, Pt. .Thomson Natural Gas Field permitting and environmental services ° Project Manager, Prudhoe Bay Unit reserve pit environmen- tal study © Principal Investigator, Red Dog Mine Caribou Monitoring Program © Consultant, Resource User Survey, Susitna Hydroelectric Project ° Project Director, Beluga Coal Field Environmental Impact Statement © Large mammal consultant, Susitna Hydroelectric Project © Project Manager for Bristol Bay Energy Plan environmental studies ° Project Manager for biological baseline studies for the Alaska asbestos joint venture, Fortymile River, Alaska © Project Manager for environmental baseline studies for Cominco American Inc., Red Dog Mine, De Long Mountains, Alaska ° Project Manager for biological investigations of Homer Spit coastal area, Cook Inlet, Alaska e Project Manager for a review of effectiveness of natural resource protection during petroleum development on lands in Alaska ° Project Manager for biological baseline studies and directed the preparation of related portions of the EIS for the proposed Alaska Petrochemical Company refinery in Valdez, Alaska © Principal investigator ornithological investigations and studies of plant communities in Port Valdez, Alaska Dames & Moore James E. Hemming 2 Past Experience Professional Affiliations Honors Academic Background Joint State/Federal Fish and Wildlife Advisory Team, 1974-1977. Federal coordinator and co-chairman of the interagency team.:' As the senior Department of Interior representative, directed a team of 32 profes- sional biologists who were responsible for environmental monitoring and design review on the Trans-Alaska pipeline system. Bureau of Land Managment, Division of Pipeline, 1971- 1974. Staff biologist. Provided technical leadership and staff coordination related to protection of fish and wildlife resources along the trans-Alaska pipeline. Identified and evaluated fish and wildlife stocks and their habitat between Valdez Arm and Prudhoe Bay, Alaska. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, 1967-1971. Research leader for statewide caribou studies. Conducted research on various phases of caribou biology and developed cooperative research programs with other agencies in the United States and Canada. Arctic Health Research Center, 1963-1965. Served as research biologist in the Zoonotic Disease Section investigating animal-borne diseases and the zoogeography of Alaska birds. Atomic Energy Commission, 1961-1963. Consultant bio- logist on Project Chariot. Prepared scientific reports describing ornithological studies at Cape Thompson in northwestern Alaska. Montana State Forestry Department, 1959-1961. Served as a remote sensing specialist. Delineated forest types and classified forest age structures from black and white aerial photo imagery for all private and state lands in western Montana. The Wildlife Society Pacific Northwest Bird and Mammal Society The American Ornithologists' Union The Cooper Ornithological Society American Fisheries Society Arctic Institute of North America 1985 Board of Directors, National Wildlife Federation. 1974-1975 President Northwest Section of the Wildlife Society. 1974 Selected as exchange scientist to study ecosystems of northern Siberia. 1965-1967 University of Montana, M.S. in zoology. 1958-1961 University of Montana, B.S. in wildlife tech- nology. James E. Hemming 3 Technical Reports and Publications Hemming, J.E., N.A. Grave, C.V. MeVee, H.M. French, M.C. Brewer, and P.J. Webber. 1985. Environmental protection in permafrost terrain. Proceedings Fourth International Permafrost Conference. National Academy Press. Hanley, P.T., J.E. Hemming and J.W. Morsell. 1983. Handbook for management of oil & gas activities on lands in Alaska. U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, FWS/OBS-80/23. 64 pp. Hanley, P.T., Hemming, J.E. and J.W. Morsell, 1981. Natural resource protection and petroleum development in Alaska. U.S. Department of the Interior, FWS/OBS-80/22. Washington, D.C. 305 pp. Brown, J. and J.E. Hemming. 1980. Workshop on environmental protection of permafrost terrain. Northern Engineer 12(2): 30-36. Hemming, J.E., W.W. Wade, P.M. Knode and W.B. Driskell, 1980. Capacity analysis of the salmon fisheries industry. Municipality of Anchorage. 42 pp. Hemming, J.E. and D.E. Erikson, 1979. The birds of Port Valdez. Dames & Moore. Prepared for Alaska Petrochemical Company. 31 pp. Hemming, J.E. and D.E. Erikson, 1979. Plant communities of eastern Port Valdez. Dames & Moore. Prepared for Alaska Petrochemical Company. 15 pp. Hemming, J.E. and D.E. Erikson, 1979. The birds of Island Flats area, Valdez, Alaska. Dames & Moore. Prepared for the City of Valdez. 26 pp. Hemming, J.E., G.S. Harrison and S.R. Braund, 1978. The social and economic impacts of a commercial herring fishery on the coastal villages of the Arctic/Yukon/ Kuskokwim area. Dames & Moore. Prepared for the North Pacific Fishery Management Council. 186 pp. Hemming, J.£., J. Houghton and J.W. Morsell, 1978. Field validation of fish streams between the Canadian border and Delta Junction, Alaska. Dames & Moore. Prepared for Northwest Alaskan Pipeline Company. 15 pp. Hemming, J.£., 1978. Special measures to protect fish and wildlife during construction of the trans-Alaska Oil Pipeline. pp. 103-108. Proceedings 1977 BLM Surface Protection Symposium, Anchorage, Alaska. Klein, D.R. and J.£. Hemming, 1976. Resource development and related environmental problems in Arctic Alaska - Impact on fish and wildlife. p. 15-23. In Proceedings XXIII International Geographical Congress, Moscow, U.S.S.R. James E. Hemming 4 Hemming, J.E. and K.A. Morehouse, 1976. Wildlife Atlas: Trans-Alaska Oil Pipeline, Valdez to Prudhoe Bay. Joint State/Federal Fish and Wildlife Advisory Team Special Report Number 3, Anchorage, Alaska. 30 pp. Hemming, J.E., 1975. Alaskan problems and prospects, p. 11-14. In Proceedings First International Reindeer and Caribou Symposium, Fairbanks, Alaska. 551 pp. Hemming, J.E., 1975. Population and movement patterns of the Nelchina caribou herd. pp. 162-169. In Proceedings First International Reindeer and Caribou Symposium, Fairbanks, Alaska, 551 pp. Hemming, J.E., 1974. Accelerated development and wildlife in northern Alaska. pp. 38-42. In Man's impact on arctic and subarctic environments. Arctic Institute of North America in coop. with American Institute of Biological Sciences. 63 pp. Hemming, J.E., 1971. Distribution and movement patterns of caribou in Alaska. Alaska Department of Fish and Game. Game Technical Bulletin Number 1. 60 pp. Hemming, J.E., 1970. The caribou in Alaska. Alaska Depart- ment of Fish and Game, Wildlife Notebook Series. 2 pp. Hemming, J.E. and R.E. Pegau, 1970. Caribou report. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Fed. Aid in Wildl. Restoration, W-17-1, W-17-2, Juneau, Alaska. 42 pp. Hemming, J.E. and L.P. Glenn, 1969. Caribou project annual segment report. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Fed. Aid in Wildl. Restoration, W-15-R-3, W-17-1, Juneau, Alaska. 37 pp. . Hemming, J.£., 1969. Cemental deposition, tooth succession and horn development as criteria of age in Dall sheep. J. Wildl. Mgmt., 33(3):552-558. Hemming, J.E. and L.P. Glenn, 1968. Caribou project annual segment report. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Fed. Aid in Wildl. Restoration, W-17-1, Juneau, Alaska. 41 pp. Hemming, J.E., 1968. Copulatory behavior of the red-necked grebe on open water. The Wilson Bull., 80(3): 326-327. Hemming, J.E£., 1967. Mandibular dentition and horn develop- ment as criteria of age in the Dall Sheep, Ovis dalli Nelson. M.S. thesis. University of Montana, Missoula. 42 pp. Hemming, J.£., 1966. Notes on the status of some birds in southcentral Alaska. The Condor, 6862):163-166. James E. Hemming 5 Hemming, J.E., 1965. Unusual occurrences of birds in northern Alaska. The Murrelet, 46(1):6. Hemming, J.E., 1963. Winter record of the rusty blackbird near Anchorage, Alaska. Bull. Alaska Ornithological Society, 3:6. Title Expertise Experience with Firm Curriculum Vitae MARVIN L. FELDMAN Senior Economist Natural Resources Economics Energy Economics Water Resources Management Decision Analysis ALASKA NATURAL RESOURCES AND TRANSPORTATION DEVELOPMENT Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities o Port Development Plan and feasibility analysis for Chernofski Harbor on Unalaska Island (the Aleutian Island). After con- sidering marine transportation, socioeconomics, cultural issues, and fishing industry impacts, a phased conceptual plan was developed, including cost estimates for the development of a new fisheries-oriented port at Chernofski. Alaska Office of the Governor, Division of Policy Development and Planning o Evaluation of the economic and social impacts of the state oil and gas lease sales. Estimated the development potential and timing for four of the State of Alaska oil and gas lease sales. Included were estimates of potential exploration and development strategies, equipment and facilities requirements and capital investments. Further analysis assessed expected changes in local employment, population and personal income, and evaluated the impact on local long-term economic stabi- lity. Alaskan Department of Natural Resources, Division of Mineral and Energy Management o Assessed economic and environmental costs and benefits of lease sale stipulations for exploratory oil drilling in the Beaufort Sea. Analyzed economic and environmental impacts of eight alternatives for seasonal restrictions on petroleum exploration in the Beaufort Sea. A cash flow model was used to predict revenue impacts on the State of Alaska, the petro- leum industry, and the federal government. A quantitative biological model was used to estimate the relative degree of environmental protection afforded by the alternative seasonal restrictions. Alaska Power Authority o Northwest Alaska Coal resource assessment for the Seward Peninsula and Norton Sound Coast. Evaluated the technical and economic feasibility of replacing diesel fuel with coal on the Seward Peninsula and in the Noatak and Ambler districts. Potential coal resources within the area were estimated and feasibility scenarios for mining, transporting and burning Dames &nMoarre power plants developed. Analysis of factors affecting demand, supply and prices of Alaska Railbelt coal. The Susitna Hydroelectric project is in the design and FERC licensing stage. Coal production costs for competing Pacific Rim suppliers were estimated into the long term and compared with costs of Alaska coal delivered to Japan. Beluga mine mouth production costs were compared with the cost of Healy coal delivered to the Anchorage area on the Alaska Railroad. Kenai Peninsula Borough ° Coastal Development Plan for Homer Spit. Analyzed and evalu- ated proposed port and harbor development plans for Homer to determine the plans' feasibility and adequacy to support fish processing, tourism and recreation, public ferry systems, general cargo transportation and the impacts of oil and gas. Alaska Department of Community and Regional Affairs ° Bering Sea facility siting project. Analysis of regulatory processes which address facility siting issues associated with major resource development projects. Included methods by which local coastal management districts and other government units or affected publics are involved in these processes, and methods to increase local involvement and influence in these processes, Alaska State Legislature ° Economic and technical assessment of the marketability of Western Arctic Slope coals. Analysis of both domestic and Pacific Rim demand, and comparison of current market price to the cost of mining Arctic Slope coal at alternative develop- ment scales. This study represented the first comprehensive potential coal demand forecast for westward Alaska. U.S. Department of the Interior, Minerals Management Service, Pacific OCS Office ° Bering Sea OCS exploration and development monitoring study. Analysis of data and information relevant to OCS activities in the Bering Sea to provide an accurate assessment of the events, equipment, timing, employment, wages, locations, requirements, expenditures. Client Confidential fo} Assessment of the magnitude and timing of future exploration and development on Alaska's Beaufort Sea. Demand for support activities was estimated, and future activities and projects on the Beaufort Sea projected. The magnitude and timing of activities related to prior and forthcoming lease sales was estimated with reference to probable and indicated company plans. Strategic planning for exploring the St. George Basin. Preparation of a strategic planning report containing detailed information on selected geographic, siting, transportation, environmental, cultural, and political characteristics of the adjacent onshore areas of the St. George Basin lease sale. Past Experience Academic Background Professional Affiliations Information specific to Aleutian Island was assessed in view of support base requirements for exploration and development. OTHER RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT EXPERIENCE Utility Industry Client o Economic analysis of the competitive position of the U.S. Gulf Coast chlorine/caustic industry. Projection of the risk of load loss due to future electric rate increases. Central Arizona Water Control Study for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and the Water & Power Resources o Development of a mulitiattribute scheme for integrating direct benefits, and environmental and socioeconomic values in selecting candidate project plans. o Assessment of regional economic development impacts alter- native proposed plans. Pacific Gas and Electric Company o Development of an environmental regulations guide and assistance to cogenerators in obtaining necessary environmental approvals. Research Assistant, University of Wisconsin o Conducted a decision analysis to assist the Wisconsin energy office in selecting proposals for funding under the 1979 State Energy Conservation Plan. o Assistant-to-the-Editor of Land Economics. Research Associate, Washington State University o Coordinated a study of the economic impact of development of ground and surface water supplies for irrigation in easier Washington. Developed pumping cost and regional economic models, interfaced with the geohydrologic resources model of the area. B.S., Geology, City College of New York, 1965 M.S., Water Resources Management, University of Wisconsin, 1970 M.S., Agricultural Economics, University of Wisconsin, 1978 Ph.D., Natural Resources Economics, University of Wisconsin, 1979 Dissertation: "Portfolio-Multiattribute Utility Analysis; An Application to the 1979 Wisconsin State Energy conservation Plan" American Economics Association American Agricultural Economics Association The Institute for Management Sciences Operations Research Society of America International Association of Energy Economists Curriculum Vitae ESBS SEES ES TO DOUGLAS H. BREWER Position Manager, Western Region - Environmental Engineering and with Firm Air Quality Services. Expertise Air quality engineering. Chemical engineering. Wastewater treatment. Education B.S., chemical engineering, California State Polytechnic University. Registration Professional engineer, California. Professional Air Pollution Control Association. Affiliations Experience * Preparation of local, state and Federal air permits for wtih Firm coal-fired power plants, oil refinery projects, oil and gas production facilities, cogeneration plants, and other industrial facilities. This has included recent projects in California, Nevada, Alaska, Washington, and Hawaii. * Development of atmospheric emissions inventories and BACT justifications for coal-fired power plants, various mining and processing facilities, various oil refinery expansions, gas treatment facilities, onshore and offshore oil production plants, and LNG liquefaction and regasification facilities. * Preparation of solid waste inventories for various facilities to comply with regulations promulgated under the Resources Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA).- * Preparation of Spill Prevention Control and Countermeasure Plans for various industrial manufacturing facilities and oil refining facilities in compliance with RCRA and other regulations. * Project Manager for a variety of environmental projects including various air quality studies, preparation of environ- mental impact reports, a multidisciplinary review of the draft environmental impact statement for an OCS lease sale, and various studies relating to citizen complaints about local industries. * Preparation of formal testimony before various regulatory agencies. Dames & Moore Douglas H. Brewer (continued) Past Experience Publications * Preparation of environmental compliance audits for a major oil refining facility and marine terminal, and various clay mines and refractory brick production facilities. Environmental Engineer, Fluor Engineers * General process and environmental engineering for petroleum refineries, petrochemical plants, coal gasification plants and fertilizer plants. Supervision and preparation of Environmental Impact Reports, wastewater treatment plant design and atmospheric emission impact assessments. Research Technician, Kaiser Steel Corporation * Stack gas sampling, ambient air monitoring and laboratory analysis of air and wastewater samples. Research Technician, Los Angeles County Sanitation Department * Supervised construction, operation and sampling of various tertiary wastewater treatment pilot plants. Coauthor of articles on atmospheric dispersion of stack gases and a manual on the design of sour water strippers. * * * Curriculum Vitae ST LE GLENN D. DEARTH Title Project Engineer Expertise Water Resources Engineering Hydrology Hydraulic Analysis/Design Experience Responsible for hydrology investigations, hydraulic design, and computer modeling for water With Firm resources development and flood control projects. Joined Dames & Moore in 1985. Project Engineer e Analyses of the flood hydrology and spillway hydraulics for over 150 sediment control dams at the Black Mesa and Kayenta coal mines in Arizona. © Preparation of construction and reclamation erosion control plans for a twenty-six-mile oil pipeline in Santa Barbara County, California. © Preliminary design of the surface drainage system for a hazardous waste site closure plan. @ Review of the hydrologic and hydraulic analysis of a storm water control dam in Arizona and recommendation of structural improvements that will increase its spillway capacity in compliance with state regulations. Past Twelve years of experience in project management and water resources engineering for water Experience supply, irmgation, hydroelectric, and flood control projects. Water Resources Engineer, PRC Engineering, Sri Lanka © Development of irrigation water management and scheduling computer models for a 150,000-acre irrigation scheme in Sri Lanka. Modeled crop water requirements, reservoir operation and canal hydraulics. Senior Engineer, Engineering Science, Sri Lanka © Engineering analysis and computer modeling for a water supply and sewerage master plan in Sri Lanka. Calculated municipal, industrial and agricultural water demand. Analyzed ground-water basin and pipe network hydraulics. © Computer modeling of water supply network hydraulics and surface-water drainage canals in Medan, Indonesia. Project Manager, Tudor Engineering, San Francisco, California © Preparation of hydropower feasibility studies and license applications for more than forty projects in California, the Pacific Northwest, and Alaska. @ Manager for final design of River Outlet Powerhouse as part of Friant Hydroelectric Project in California. Assistant Department Manager, CH2M Hill, Portland, Oregon © Reservoir operation and generator sizing studies for city of Portland hydroelectric project. Analysis of hydrology, reservoir operation, energy generation and water quality impacts. © Manager of flood insurance studies for forty-three cities and counties in Oregon. Responsible for hydrologic analysis, river hydraulics modeling, report preparation and public involvement. Dames & Moore Academic Background Citizenship Countries Worked In Language Proficiency Professional Affiliations Registrations © Preparation of long-range energy development plans for rural villages in Alaska. Evaluated all forms of renewable energy and prepared a forty-year plan to reduce the use of oil. @ Physical model testing and final design of the concrete chute spillway for 200-foot-high North Powder Dam in Oregon. e Design and construction inspection for an earthfill dam forming a recreation reservoir in a residential subdivision. Prepared design drawings, specifications and state permit applications, and monitored construction to assure conformance to the design. © Hydrologic and hydraulic analysis of surface drainage alternatives, and preparation of an urban drainage master plan in Corvallis, Oregon. © Feasibility study for an interbasin transfer project to supplement the irrigation water supply for Butter Creek Irrigation District in Oregon. Conducted reservoir sizing and operation studies to maintain instream flow requirements for fish habitat, and to provide late season irrigation requirements. e Evaluation of surface-water development alternatives for providing livestock watering points in Somalia, East Africa. Determined technical feasibility, prepared cost estimates, and evaluated government capability for construction. operation, and maintenance. e Expert testimony at land use hearings for proposed floodplain gravel mining. Recommended procedures for minimizing impacts on flood hazards, and preventing scour near a natural gas transmission pipeline crossing the site. e Preliminary design for reconstruction of fish counting station located in the fish ladder at the Dalles Dam, Columbia River. B.S. (1973), civil engineering. Oregon State University United States United States, Sri Lanka, Indonesia, Somalia English American Society of Civil Engineers; U.S. Committee on Irrigation and Drainage: American Water Foundation. Civil engineering: Oregon, California tt? Curriculum Vitae AEE ED SETS He ey DAVID E. ERIKSON Title Terrestrial Ecologist Expertise Avian biology and ecology, aerial bird ad large mammal surveys, aerial photo interpretation for vegetation ad wetlands mapping, terrestrial and aquatic ecology Experience e Field investigator for the NPDES permit monitoring With Firm project for the saltwater treatment plant, Prudhoe Bay, Alaska. This project involves monitoring of impacts to fish and invertebrates from the intake and marine life return systems. e Principal Investigator for terrestrial habitat analysis for the Diamond Chuitna coal mine project enviornmental impact statement. e Project Manager for the comprehensive wetlands mapping project for the city of Homer, Homer, Alaska. e Project Manager for baseline studies for the Kake Break- water environmental monitoring project, Kake Alaska, involving benthic invertebrate sample analysis. e Project Manager for baseline benthic sampling and current studies for the Homer small boat harbor expansion project, Homer, Alaska. e Field investigator for underutilized fish survey project, Bristol Bay, Alaska. e Field investigator for terrestrial habitat mapping and freshwater stream surveys for the Knik Arm Crossing project. e Field investigator for fisheries studies on the Newalen River hydroelectric project, Bristol Bay, Alaska. e Field investigator for bird and marine mammal studies and terrestrial .habitat mapping for “the St. George Harbor project, Pribilof Islands, Alaska. e Field investigator for instream flow studies for small hydroelectric projects in the Puget Sound area, Washington. e Principal investigator for baseline wildlife biology and habitat studies for a proposed lead/zinc mine in north- west Alaska. e Field investigator for bird survey for Bradley Lake hydroelectric project, Kachemak Bay, Alaska. e Field investigator for environmental assessments of proposed hydroelectric projects at Tazimina Lake and Lake Elva, Bristol Bay region, Alaska; conducted botanical and habitat mapping studies and impact analyses. Dames & Moore David E. Erikson 2 Past Ex perience Field investigator for detailed biological studies of the Homer Spit coastal zone area including intertidal and subtidal marine biology, plankton, nearshore fish, and marine birds. Environmental input to the locations of possible facili- ties sites for the St. George Basin and North Aleutian shelf lease sale areas (Bering Sea) and the Cook Inlet and Shelikof Strait lease areas. Ecological input into possible envirormental constraints to petroleum development in the Bering Sea, with regard to fisheries, marine benthos, and seabirds, and marine manmals. Field investigator for endangered plant surveys in the western Brooks Range, Fortymile River area, and Iliamna Lake area. Field investigator for a survey of the Fortymile River for nest sites of the endangered peregrine falcon. Field investigator for research projects dealing with rocky, sandy, and muddy intertidal areas of Cook Inlet, Alaska. Principal investigator for biological baseline study relating to a proposed port expansion and a_ proposed refinery at Valdez, Alaska, including vegetation, birds, and marine biology. Arctic Institute of Biology, Fairbanks, 1977. Field investigator on shorebird migration study in lower Cook Inlet. Conducted ground and aerial bird surveys of migrating western sandpipers and dulins in route to western Alaska. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, 1976-1977. Project leader. Conducted an extensive reconnaissance of marine birds of lower Cook Inlet including distribution, abundance of seabird colonies, bald eagle nesting sites, food habits and delineation of coastal avian habitats. Completed 8,000 miles of aerial bird surveys. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services, 1975. Fishery biologist. Worked aboard R/V Curlew collecting physical, biological and chemical data on estuarine systems scheduled for timber development in the Tongass National Forest. Mapped critical habitat areas and nesting sites of the bald eagle. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Fishery Services, 1973- 1974. Biologist. Conducted primary limnological study of lakes on Annette Island Indian Reserve for the development of a sport fishery. David E. Erikson 3 Professional Affiliations Academic Background Publications e Alaska Department of Fish and Game, 1973. Fishery biologist. Monitored out-migrating red salmon smolt in the Kvichak River. Assisted in the compilation of red salmon commercial catch data for Bristol Bay. Analyze catch data of Japanese high seas salmon fishery to determine effect on Alaska stocks. e Alaska Department of Fish and Game, 1970-1972. Fishery technician. Worked on salmon enumeration projects, commercial catch sampling and salmon scale reading. Cooper's Ornithological Society American Ornithologist Union Wilson's Ornithological Society Pacific Seabird Group 1966-1967 University of Alaska, Fairbanks, Alaska. 1967-1971 University of Nevada, Reno, B.S. in wildlife biology. 1971-1972 University of Nevada, Reno, M.S. in biology. Erikson, D.E., 1977. Distribution, abundance, migration, and breeding locations of marine birds in lower Cook Inlet, Alaska. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Envirormental Studies of Kachemak Bay and lower Cook Inlet, Vol. VIII, 182 pp. Hemming, J.E. and D.E. Erikson, 1979. Birds of Port Valdez. Dames & Moore. Prepared for Alaska Petrochemical Company. Hemming, J.E. and D.E. Erikson, 1979. Plant communities of eastern Port Valdez. Dames & Moore. Prepared for Alaska Petrochemical Company. Hemming, J.£. and D.E. Erikson, 1979. The birds of the Island Flata area, Valdez, Alaska. Dames & Moore. Prepared for the City of Valdez. Lees, D.E., D.E. Erikson, W.B. Driskell, D.E. Boettcher, 1979, Intertidal and shallow subtidal habitats of eastrn Port Valdez. Dames & Moore. Prepared for Alaska Petro- chemical Company. Lees, D.E., J.P. Houghton, D.E. Erikson, W.B. Driskell, and D.E. Boettcher, 1980. Ecological studies of the intertidal and shallow subtidal habitats of lower cook Inlet. Dames & Moore. Prepared for National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration. : Erikson, D. 1980. Marine biology-Prudhoe Bay waterflood project EIS (Appendix E). Dames & Moore. Prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. David E. Erikson Lees, D., D. Erikson, W. Driskell, D. Boettcher, and M. Treesh, 1981. Biological investigations of Homer Spit coastal area. Dames & Moore. Prepared for the Kenai Peninsula Borough. Morsell, J., D. Erikson, L. Peterson, P. Knode, 1981. Lake Elva hydroelectric project-envirormental report. Dames & Moore. Prepared for R.W. Beck and Associates. Erikson, D., 1982. Bristol Bay regional power plan, preliminary environmental report; habitat mapping. Pre- pared for Alaska Power Authority by Dames & Moore, Anchorage, Alaska. Erikson, D., 1982. Bristol Bay regional power plan, preliminary enviornmental report; terrestrial communities. Prepared for Alaska Power Authority by Dames & moore, Anchorage, Alaska. Houghton, J., D. Erikson, W. Blaylock, and J. Christoffer- son, 1982. Environmental analysis of the St. George Harbor project, Zapadni Bay, Pribilof Islands, Alaska. Prepared for Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facili- ties by Dames & Moore, Anchorage, Alaska. Blaylock, W. and D. Erikson, 1983. Environmental baseline studies, Red Dog project; marine biology. Prepared for Cominco Alaska Inc. by Dames & Moore, Anchorage, Alaska. Erikson, D. and L. Hettinger, 1983. Environmental baseline studies, Red Dog project; terrestrial biology. Prepared for Cominco Alaska Inc. by Dames & Moore, Anchorage, Alaska. Erikson, D. 1983. Environmental baseline studies, Red Dog project; fall 1983 bear survey. “ Prepared for Cominco Alaska Inc. by Dames & Moore, Anchorage, Alaska. Erikson, D., 1983. Enviornmental baseline studies, Red Dog project; fall 1983 bird survey. Prepared for Cominco Alaska Inc. by Dames & Moore, Anchorage, Alaska. Erikson, D., 1983. Environmental baseline studies, Red Dog project; 1983 raptor survey. Prepared for Cominco Alaska Inc. by Dames & moore, Anchorage, Alaska. Erikson, D., 1983. Environmental baseline studies, Red Dog project; waterfowl and shorebird breeding survey. Prepared for Cominco Alaska Inc. by Dames & Moore, Anchorage, Alaska. David E. Erikson 5 Erikson, D., W. Blaylock, J.C. Wilson, 1984. Environmental monitoring study, Homer small boat harbor expansion. Prepared for the City of Homer, Homer, Alaska. Erikson, D., 1984. Environmental assessment of proposed rock extraction, north quarry stie St. George Island, Alaska. Prepared for Peratrovich, Nottingham and Drage, Inc. by Dames & Moore, Anchorage, Alaska. TATLE EXPERTISE EXPERIENCE WITH FIRM TAH.D 2/86 Curriculum Vitae BE EE er ECCT THEODORE A. HAMMER Project Engineer Geotechnical Engineering Water Resources Engineering Arctic Engineering Provides expertise in geotechnical and arctic engineering for a wide variety of projects. Joined Dames & Moore in 1981. © Design of water diversion ditches at the Cominco Red Dog Mine site. The more than two miles of ditches were designed using air photo landform interpretation supplemented with limited borehole data and a site visit to walk the ditch alignment. ° Landform interpretation for the conceptual design of a stable waste dump area on a slope for the Cominco Red Dog mine. ° Design of foundations for earth dams for the Cominco Red Dog Tailings Dam and Water Supply Dam. The design was accomplished using information obtained during a comprehensive geotechnical/geothermal investigation supplemented with landform interpretation from air photos. ° Design of foundations for mill site facilities at the Cominco Red Dog mine site. The design included 25 facilities with design conditions varying from lightly loaded unheated buildings to very settlement sensitive heated buildings. Deep ice-rich colluvium was present over portions of the site. Air photos were utilized to correlate subsurface conditions at locations without site specific borehole data. ° Design of foundations for the development of a seaport for the Cominco Red Dog Mine. Offshore facilities included cellular bulkheads and a sheetpile seawall, while onshore facilities included numerous heated and unheated buildings, a fuel tank farm and a large con- centrate storage building. ° Field project engineer for the Cominco port offshore drilling program which involved drilling and sampling from an anchored barge. The field program enabled Cominco to select the preferred port location and for- h Dames & Moore Anchorage TAH.D 2/86 mulate conceptual offshore facilities. Served as project manager/overseer of a geotechnical investigation at the Cominco Red Dog mine site, at which time subsurface conditions were investigated for the mill site and diversion ditches. Refrigerated coring techniques were utilized during the field program which was run on a 24-hour schedule using 2 drill rigs.. The field program was accomplished using helicopter support to move all equipment and person- nel. Served as a key geotechnical consultant for the Trans-Alaska Pipeline Systems (TAPS). Project involved geotechnical, arctic, and earthquake engi- neering for the planned construction of the Alaska Natural Gas Transportation System (ANGSI). Also per- formed stability and settlement analyses of thawing soils ‘in permafrost areas as part of the TAPS workpad assessment program, and recommended remedial measures to rectify instabilities. Performed a design review of a cellular bulkhead breakwater facility at the Fourth of July Creek Marine Industrial Park near Seward, Alaska. The review included 3 geotechnical investigations at the site, a review of design and construction data and stability analyses of the breakwater. A seismic risk assessment was also performed. Performed several foundation investigations for the construction of commercial buildings in the Anchorage area. Performed site assessments and geotechnical evalua- tions for southeast Anchorage elementary, junior and senior high schools. The project involved the assessment of five sites using near vicinity borehole information and air photos and performing geotechnical investigations at four sites. Performed on-site geotechnical design, construction Supervision and quality control for a pile supported foundation in permafrost for the Savoonga High School Building, Saint Lawrence Island, Alaska. Participated in a geotechnical investigation and per- formance of design for development of a sewage dispo- sal site for a subdivision in Anchorage. The project involved a cost comparison between connecting with existing city sewer and water lines and developing on- site facilities. Performed a site evaluation and risk assessment for a planned addition to the Anchorage courthouse. The potential for a seismic induced landslide was assessed. ° Performed a foundation investigation and design for a naval facility on Adak Island, Alaska. The study also included testing and design for an on-site sewage disposal facility. ° Performed post-construction monitoring of an all- season air. strip in a remote area in the Delong Mountains in Alaska. The cost effective design for the project specified a minimum construction cost with a positive monitoring plan. Project resulted in an inexpensive maintenance schedule for the air strip. ° Participated in preliminary geotechnical engineering studies to aid development of the Red Dog Mine in northwestern’ Alaska for Cominco Alaska, Inc. The ini- tial studies involved field investigations and office studies to support development of the nickel-zinc mine. Site selection studies were performed and a plan for the development of the mine, related facili- ties, transportation systems and a port were prepared. Once site selection was completed, geotechnical stu- dies were performed for mine site facilities and the development of a port. e Field engineer during a field investigation for the design of the foundation for an offshore structure in the Beaufort Sea. The project involved a geotechnical investigation at 3 potential island sites. PAST EXPERIENCE Civil Engineer (Geotechnical and Materials) for Siuslaw National Forest and Willamette Geotechnical, Inc. © Foundation and road design. ° Supervise various small geotechnical field projects. ° Infiltration studies. © Soil exploration and laboratory testing. © Road performance evaluation studies. Teaching and Research Assistant at Oregon State University © Teacher of soil mechanics laboratory. © Measure dynamic properties of naturally frozen Alaska ice, using cyclic triaxial and resonant column test equipment, for the development of design curves. ° Field studies for modeling constituents of a stra- tified lake. Junior High and High School Mathematics and Science Teacher. TAH.D : 2/86 -. ACADEMIC BACKGROUND CITIZENSHIP COUNTRIES WORKED IN LANGUAGE PROF ICIENCY PROFESSIONAL AFFILIATIONS REGISTRATION PUBLICATIONS TAH.D 2/86 B.S. (1972), Mathematics and biology with teaching cer- tification from Oregon State University B.S. (1979), Civil Engineering, Oregon State University M.S. (1984), Geotechnical Engineering, with minor in Water Resources (hydraulics), Oregon State University United States of America Australia, United States English American Society of Civil Engineers Alaska Geologic Society Professional Civil Engineer; State of Alaska Engineer in Training Certification from Oregon Krzewinski, Hammer, and Brittain, "Construction and Monitoring of an All-Season Airstrip in Rural Alaska". Presented at Third International Cold Regions Engineering Specialty Conference in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, April 4-6, 1984. Proceedings published in April 1984. Hammer, Ryan and Zirjacks; Section 2, "Ground Temperature Observations", one of nine sections published in the ASCE monograph entitled "Thermal Design Considerations in Frozen Ground Engineering", edited by T.G. Krzewinski and R.G. Tart, Jr.,*1985. Hammer, Krzewinski, Booth, "Ground Temperature Monitoring - Cominco's Red Dog Project". To be presented at the Fourth International Cold Regions Engineering Specialty Conference February 24-26, 1986. Curriculum Vitae JONATHAN P. HOUGHTON, Ph.D. TITLE Associate, Senior Fishery Biologist EXPERTISE Effects of Environmental Perturbations Salmonid Life History Marine Benthic Ecology EXPERIENCE WITH FIRM Project Manager o NPDES Monitoring program for Kuparuk (Alaska) Waterflood Project intake and marine like return system. o Effects of oil well drilling effluents on Alaska, California, and Atlantic marine biological communities (included labora- tory and in situ bioassays; stressed benthic impacts). o Biological baseline surveys for offshore oil exploration in Alaska (Harrison Bay, Beaufort Sea and Cook Inlet) and Balt Canyon; focused on benthos, demersal fish, and plankton. o Major third-party E.I.S. and subsequent seawater treatment plant marine life return system monitoring program for Prudhoe Bay, Alaska, waterflood project. o Preparation of workshop synthesis and report on statistical and technical design of a federal monitoring program to docu- ment effects of OCS oil and gas development in the Beaufort Sea. o Baseline and marine impact study for proposed port develop- ment in the southeast Chukchi Sea, Pribilof Islands, and Unalaska, Alaska, and the Strait of Georgia, Padilla Bay, and the Nisqually Reach of Puget Sound, Washington. Included marine benthic surveys and assessment of impacts of acciden- tal releases of petroleum hydrocarbons. o Baseline and biological effects study (multiyear) for nuclear power plant on major salmonid-producing river in northwest Washington (including expert testimony). o Multi-year survey of epibenthic communities in the Columbia River Estuary. o Preparation of environmental impact statements--effects of salmon enhancement via hatcheries, rearing ponds, gravel restoration, egg incubation boxes. o Baseline and effects study for four major oil or natural gas pipeline proposals, impact statements, and applications; included field survey of grayling habitat between Delta Junction, Alaska and the Yukon border. o Effects of hard rock mine development on marine and aquatic com munities in Southeast (Misty Fjords) and Northwest (De Long Mountains/Chukchi Sea) Alaska--included detailed field study of arctic anadromous fish and benthos in fresh and salt water. ocv2/50 Dames & Moore PAST EXPERIENCE ACADEMIC BACKGROUND PROFESSIONAL AFFILIATIONS PUBLICATIONS AND PAPERS ocv2/50 o Multi-year study of intertidal ecology of Lower Cook Inlet, Alaska (B.L.M.-sponsored 0.C.S. Environmental Assessment Program). o Ecological investigations (fish and benthos) in Knik Arm, Alaska, a dynamic glacial estuary. o Design of benthic monitoring program to assess the effects of ocean outfall (seafood processor waste) in south-central Alaska. o Baseline data collection (benthos) and impact assessment (marine biota) for multi-year Corps of Engineers Commencement Bay (Washington) Study (COBS I and II). o Salmonid outmigrant distribution and feeding in Commencement Bay (Washington) in relation to the proposed fill of Milwaukee Waterway. o Fisheries-related impacts of recreational, commercial, and residential developments in the Pacific Northwest. o Statistical analysis of Puget Sound NOAA/MESA benthic data base. o Conducted studies on setting and growth of marine fouling organisms. Graduate Research Associate, University of Washington College of Fisheries. o Conducted dissertation and related research on ecological conditions at a proposed nuclear power plant site. o Conducted studies on setting and growth of marine fouling organisms. A.B. Harvard University, biology major Ph.D. University of Washington, College of Fisheries Dissertation Title: Intertidal Ecology of Kiket Island, Washington, with emphasis on age and growth of Protothaca staminea and Saxidomus giganteus (Lamellibranchia: Veneridae) American Institute of Fisheries Research Biologists (currently Chapter Vice-Director); American Fisheries Society; National Shellfisheries Association; Pacific Fishery Biologists. Houghton, J.P., 1970. Intertidal Ecology, in: Q.J. Stober and E.0. Salo, "Biological Studies of Kiket Island Nuclear Power Site." Annual Report, 1970. Fisheries Research Institute, University of Washington, pp. 74-89. Houghton, J.P. and C.H. Hanson, 1971. Intertidal Ecology, in: "Biological Studies of Kiket Island Nuclear Power Site." Second Annual Report, 1971. Fisheries Research Institute, University of Washington, pp. 95-110. Houghton, J.P., 1973. Intertidal Ecology, in: Q.J. Stober and E.0. Salo, "Ecological studies of the proposed Kiket Island Nuclear Power Site." Final Report, 1973. Fisheries Research Institute, University of Washington, pp. 119-257. ocv2/50 Houghton, J.P., D.L. Mayer and C.H. Hanson, 1973. Biofouling Studies, in: Ibid. pp. 111-147. Houghton, J.P., 1976. Age, growth, and production of Protothaca staminea (Conrad) and Saxidomus giganteus (Deshayes) at Kiket Island, Washington. Presented at the National Shellfisheries Association Convention, Miami, Florida, June 22, 1976 (to be published in NSA Proceedings). Houghton, J.P., and M.A. Kyte, 1978. Shallow subtidal benthos of the Nisqually Reach, Puget Sound, Washington. Final report to the Weyerhaeuser Company, 88p. + Appendices. Houghton, J.P., D.L. Beyer, and E.D. Theilk, 1980. Effects of oil well drilling fluids on several important Alaskan marine organisms. Proc. Symposium Research on Environmental Fate and Effects of Drilling Fluids and Cuttings. Lake Buena Vista, Florida, January 21-24, 1980, pp. 1017-1041. Houghton, J.P., R.P. Britch, R.C. Miller, A.K. Runchal, and C.P. Falls, 1980. Drilling fluid dispersion studies at the lower Cook Inlet C.0.S.T. well. Proc. Symposium Research on Environmental Fate and Effect of Drilling Fluids and Cuttings. Lake Buena Vista, Florida, January 21-24, 1980, pp- 285-305. Lees, D.C. and J.P. Houghton, 1980. Effects of drilling fluids on benthic communities at the lower Cook Inlet C.0.S.T. well. Proc. Symposium Research on Environmental Fate and Effect of Drilling Fluids and Cuttings, Lake Buena Vista, Florida, January 21-24, 1980, pp. 309-346. Lees, D.C., J.P. Houghton, D.E. Erikson, W.B. Driskell, and D.E. Boettcher, 1980. Ecological studies of intertidal and shallow sub tidal habitats in lower Cook Inlet, Alaska. Final Report OCSEAP RU 417, May 1980. Houghton, J.P., K.R. Critchlow, D.C. Lees, R.D. Czlapinski, R.C. Miller, R.P. Britch, and J.C. Mills, 1981. Fate and effects of drilling fluids and cuttings discharges in lower Cook Inlet, Alaska and on Georges Bank. Final Report to NOAA/OMPA, Juneau, Alaska. Houghton, J.P., D. Eggars, C. Simenstad, W. Kinney, J. Cordell and G. Williams, 1981. Epibenthic invertebrates of the Columbia River estuary. Prepared for Pacific Northwest River Basins Commission, CREDDP Work Unit A-2.7. Vancouver, Washington. Zeh, J.E., J.P. Houghton and D.C. Lees, 1981. Evaluation of existing marine intertidal and shallow subtidal biologic data. EPA-600/7-81-036. 262 pp. Blaylock, W.M. and J.P. Houghton, 1981. Invertebrates. Volume IV. In Dames & Moore, Commencement Bay Studies Technical Report for U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Seattle District. Houghton, J.P. and L.A. Peterson, 1982. Fisheries and water quality conditions in the Wulik River system of the DeLong Mountains, Alaska: implications of proposed hard rock mine development. Proc. 33rd Alaska Science Conference, AAAS/AGU, Fairbanks. Morsell, J.M., J.P. Houghton, and K.R. Turco,. 1983. Ecology of Knik Arm, a turbid estuary in south-central Alaska. Proc. 34th Alaska Science Conference, AAAS/AGU, Whitehorse, Yukon Territory. ocv2/50 Houghton, J.P., 1984. Studies of Arctic Char life history in the Wulik River, northwest Alaska. Presented to 46th annual conference of Pacific Fishery Biologists, Ocean Shores, Washington March 19-21, 1984. Blaylock, W.M., J.P. Houghton, and D.C. Lees, 1984. Nearshore epibenthic and infaunal invertebrates of the southeast Chukchi Sea. Proc. 35th Alaska Science Conference, AAAS/AGU, Anchorage, Alaska. Houghton, J.P., D.A. Segar, and J.E. Zeh, 1984. Beaufort Sea Monitoring Program: Proceedings of a workshop (September 1983) and sampling design recommendations. Final Report pre- pared for NOAA/MMS Outer Continental Shelf Environmental Assessment Program, Juneau. 111 pp. In addition, has been the senior author of over 2,000 pages of biological analyses in environmental reports and impact statements for various Dames & Moore clients. Curriculum Vitae RONALD L. KNECHT, PE Title Senior Economist Expertise Utility Revenue Requirements and General Ratemaking Issues Electric Generation Economics, Especially Nuclear and Coal-Based Energy and Utility Planning and Related Computer Modeling Rate Design, Cost-of-Service Estimation and Avoided-Cost Pricing Regulatory Policy (Energy, Communications, Transportation) Experience Atlantic Richfield Company with Firm o Expert Witness before California Energy Commission; analyzed likelihood of large imports of economy energy from Southwest in 1990s, proposed policy for treatment of such resources in determining future generating needs, and proposed policies for certification for construction of "qualifying facilities"; CEC staff withdrew testimony I rebutted. Louisiana Power and Light Company o Comprehensive bibliography report on comparative nuclear- and coal-fired electric generating economics as estimated up to 1984. Previous UTILITY REVENUE REQUIREMENTS AND GENERAL RATEMAKING ISSUES Experience California Public Utilities Commission o Project Manager and Policy and Technical Expert, Ratemaking Phase, Diablo Canyon Nuclear Plant Cost and Ratemaking Review; also a member of CPUC staff that negotiated with utility and other parties toward an avoided-cost-type settlement of case and interim settlements; proposed trended ratebasing, target capacity factor risk allocation mechanism, interim revenue requirements, and avoided-cost pricing solution; also eval- uated project cost-effectiveness. o Project Manager and Technical Policy Witness, Palo Verde Nuclear Plant Cost and Ratemaking Review; proposed avoided- cost pricing mechanism, evaluated project cost-effectiveness, member of staff team that negotiated with utility on interim and ultimate settlements. o Revenue Requirements Policy and Technical Witness, and Results Sponsor, General Rate Cases of Pacific Gas & Electric Company and Sierra Pacific Power Company; proposed and analyzed com- bination of trended ratebasing and avoided-cost pricing for all new utility assets, accounting and other implementation, revenue requirements and financial effects, and sponsored total case revenue requirement proposal of staff. SFCV3/CV.1-CV.4 Dames & Moore o Project Manager and Policy and Technical Expert, Investigation of Trended Ratebasing for Telecommunications Utilities; pro- posed and analyzed trended ratebasing for all new utility assets, accounting implementation, and revenue requirement impact. o Policy and Technical Witness, San Onofre 2&3 Nuclear Plant Cost and Ratemaking Review; proposed and analyzed trended ratebasing and target capacity factor risk allocation mecha- nism and their implementations, revenue requirements and financial impacts, analyzed and rejected avoided-cost pricing, and analyzed project cost-effectiveness. o Primary Author, Staff Response to CPUC Proposal to Require Trended Ratebasing for Geysers 21 Geothermal Power Plant; ana- lyzed cost-effectiveness of plant under various ratemaking methods, showed superiority of TRB in terms of economic effi- ciency and equity, and recommended TRB be adopted. State of Pennsylvania Office of Consumer Advocate; Illinois Governor's Office of Consumer Services (three times); and other clients o Expert witness on including construction work in progress for current cash return; analyzed economic and policy problems raised, relationship to resource planning and construction management issues, and financial needs and alternatives; authored article on the subject in Electric Ratemaking jour- nal, generally opposing CWIP. Utah Power and Light Company o Explained and recommended ratemaking options involving fuel- cost balancing-account/test-year-estimate hybrids and sales balancing accounts. ELECTRIC GENERATION ECONOMICS, ESPECIALLY NUCLEAR AND COAL-BASED California Public Utilities Commission o Policy and Technical Witness, Nuclear Decommissioning Ratemaking Investigation; analyzed various ratemaking and financing methods for nuclear decommissioning and proposed one adopted by Commission. California Energy Commission o Comprehensive Report on Electric Generation Economics, Emphasizing Nuclear and Coal-Based Production; estimated sche- dule, capital costs, fixed-charge rates, capacity factors, discount rates, fuel costs, O&M costs, and total cost com- parison; received American Nuclear Society "Best Paper" Award. o Expert Witness, Economics of Sundesert Nuclear Project and Alternatives; estimated schedules, etc. as above. o Affiant, Federal Court Defense in "Nuclear Bills" suit; esti- mated nuclear and coal plant schedules, etc. as above. SFCV3/CV.1-CV.4 Education & Professional Registration State of Georgia Utility Consumer Counsel o Expert Witness before Georgia PSC in Georgia Power Company General Rate Case; estimated marginal costs of service, addressed policy issues, and proposed rate design. Senior Citizens Coalition of Northeast Minnesota o Expert Witness before Minnesota PSC in Minnesota Power and Light Company General Rate Case; estimated marginal costs of all services, addressed policy issues and proposed rate design. California Energy Commission o Member, Marginal Cost Pricing Project Overseeing Board of Economists. REGULATORY POLICY (ENERGY, COMMUNICATIONS , TRANSPORTATION) California Public Utilities Commission o Member, All Public Staff Management Committees: Energy (Gas and Electric) Utilities; Telecommunications; Major (Nuclear) Projects Review; and Personnel, etc. o Project Manager and Chief Policy Witness; major case reviewing general policy options for trucking regulation; recommended continued movement toward economic deregulation. o Policy and Technical Witness, Comprehensive Natural Gas Regulation Proceedings; served on management committee that drafted proposals on supply planning, transportation, obliga- tion to serve, rate design and ratemaking incentives; pre- sented and defended staff position on ratemaking incentives. California Energy Commission o Served eight months as Senior Advisor to a Commissioner; involved in all aspects of most major planning, policy and management issues before commission. New Mexico Public Service Commission o Consultant to Commission and Staff; presented proposals for comprehensive regulatory policy (theory of regulation), energy resource planning and pricing, and determination of revenue requirements (trended ratebasing, market-type pricing and use of balancing accounts and test-period projections). B.A., Mathematics, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, 1971. Graduate study in Civil Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign. Completed master's degree project study on comparative electric generating, economics and _ performance, emphasizing coal and nuclear technologies. Registered Mechanical Engineer in California. SFCV3/CV.1-CV.4 State of Georgia Consumer Counsel o Expert Witness, Generic Hearings by Georgia PUC on Power Generating Economics; estimated schedules, etc. as above. Council on Economic Priorities o Expert witness on economic and policy aspects of New York Public Service Commission's case to authorize or reject completion of Shoreham nuclear plant and set associated rates; estimated costs of completion and cancellation options. Intervenors Against Tyrone, Pilgrim 2 and Merom Generating Plants o Expert Witness, Planning Reviews in Wisconsin, Massachusetts and Indiana respectively; estimated schedules, etc. as above for proposed projects and alternatives; considered related resources planning technical and policy issues and recommended disapproval. ENERGY AND UTILITY PLANNING AND RELATED COMPUTER MODELING California Public Utilities Commission o Project Manager and Chief Policy and Technical Witness, Allen-Warner Valley; most extensive certificate review ever made by CPUC examined full range of alternatives to 2500 MWe coal-fired power plant system; complete economic, technical, policy and environmental review over more than a year, using sophisticated computer utility-system model for economic/ financial analysis; recommended approval of 2000 MWe, but only if staff's alternative coal source was used and conser- vation and renewable resources were developed simultaneously. o Policy and Technical Witness, Heber Geothermal, Solar 100 and U.S. Windpower Projects; evaluated cost-effectiveness and other economic policy and technical aspects; recommended approvals, with avoided-cost pricing condition on Heber. City of Philadelphia o Expert Witness in Review by Pennsylvania P.U.C. of Restart of Construction of Limerick #2 Nuclear Plant; evaluated need for unit, cost-effectiveness, risks and policy issues’ in completion/cancellation decision; recommended allowance of completion subject to only avoided-cost pricing for remaining expenditures. RATE DESIGN, COST-OF-SERVICE ESTIMATION AND AVOIDED-COST PRICING Windpower Association of Hawaii o Expert Witness before Hawaii Public Utilities Commission; addressed full range of issues in determining avoided costs and other contract terms. State of Minnesota Consumer Advocate o Expert Witness before Minnesota PSC in Northern States Power Company General Rate Case; estimated marginal costs of all services, addressed policy issues, and proposed complete rate design. SFCV3/CV.1-CV.4 Curriculum Vitae a THOMAS G. KRZEWINSKI TITLE Associate/Senior Engineer EXPERTISE Soil and Foundation Engineering Arctic Engineer Earthquake Engineering EXPERIENCE WITH FIRM Project Manager - Geotechnical Engineering Studies ° High resolution geophysical surveys conducted over-the-ice for lease block clearing in Harrison Bay, Beaufort Sea, Alaska. ° Consultant to Alyeska Pipeline in the areas of geotechnical engineering, arctic engineering, and earthquake engineering from 1973 to 1978 during design, construction, and operation of the Trans Alaska Crude Oi] Pipeline. ° Dynamic stability evaluation and subsequent design of earth fill dikes, reinforced earth roadways, fill slopes, and rock cuts at the Alyeska pipeline terminal in Valdez, Alaska. ° Evaluated the liquefaction potential of the soils and analyzed both the static and dynamic stability of slopes for the entire 800-mile route of the Trans Alaska Pipeline System. ° Development site-specific design earthquake characteristics based on a probabilistic determination of seismic risk at several locations along the route of the Trans Alaska Pipeline. ° Evaluation of thaw bulb stability and settlement of thawing soils in permafrost areas along the Trans Alaska Pipeline (hot oil). ° Evaluation of thermal techniques for maintaining or creating a permanently frozen soil foundation for faciltiies and elevated portsion of the Trans Alaska Pipeline. ° Site evaluations, construction field engineering, and quality control on numerous commercial, industrial, residential, and municipal building projects. ° Project manager on numerous small-scale and large-scale soils investigations and foundatin engineering projects in Alaska, Washington, and Idaho. ° Geotechnical investigations for stabilization of active landslides in Alaska, Washington, and Idaho. ; ° Principal investigator for a literature search and primary author of a state-of-the-art report on chilled gas pipelines in permafrost. ° Consultant to the owners of the Trans Alaska Pipeline System (TAPS) on issues related to the planned proximate construction of the Alaska Natural Gas Transportation System (ANGTS). TGK.D 2/86 Dames & Moore Alaska PAST EXPERIENCE ACADEMIC BACKGROUND REGISTRATIONS PROFESSIONAL AFFILIATIONS PUBLICATIONS TGK.D 2/86 Soils Technician and Assistant Engineer for Soils Engineering Services, Inc. (consultants) in Minneapolis, Minnesota ° Lab testing and in-place density testing for small- and medium-sized soils and foundation engineering projects in the midwest. ° Geotechnical design work for numerous small commmercial and residential buildings in the Twin Cities area of Minnesota. B.S. in Civil Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota. Course work completed for an M.C.E. at the University of Minnesota. Major area of study was soils and foundation engi- neering with minor studies in geology and materials engineering. Graduate studies at the University of Alaska in Anchorage, Alaska, in Arctic Engineering and Earthquake Engineering. Professional Civil Engineer, Alaska and Washington American Society of Civil Engineers Alaska Miners Association National Society of Professional Engineers Alaska Geological Society Alaska Pipeline Builders Association Earthquake Engineering Research Institute Donovan and Krzewinski, “Slope Stability Studies in a Cold Environment." Volume II of the Proceedings of the May 17-19, 1978, ASCE Applied Techniques for Cold Environments Specialty Conference held in Anchorage, Alaska. Krzewinski, Clarke, and Metz, "Present Condition (1980) of the TAPS Gravel Workpad." Proceedings - of the ASCE Specialty Conference on the Northern Community: A Search for a Quality Environment held in Seattle, Washington, April 8-10, 1981. Clarke, Krzewinski, and Metz, "The Trans Alaska Pipeline System Synthetically Insulated Workpad - An Evaluation of Present Conditions." Presented at the ASME Energy-sources Technology Conference and Exhibition in Houston, Texas, January 18-21, 1981. Currently being edited for publication. Heuer, Krzewinski, and Metz, "Special Thermal Design to Prevent Thaw Settlement and Liquefaction." Presented at the Fourth TGK .D 2/86 Canadian Permafrost Conference in Calgary, Alberta, Canada, March 2-6, 1981. Proceedings published in 1982. Metz, Krzewinski, and Clarke, “The Trans Alaska Pipeline System Workpad - An Evaluation of Present Conditions." Presented at the Fourth Canadian Permafrost Conference in Calgary, Alberta, Canada, March 2-6, 1981. Proceedings published in 1982. Krzewinski, Hammer, and Brittain, “Construction and Monitoring of an All-Season Airstrip in Rural Alaska". Presented at the Third International Cold Regions Engineering Specialty Conference in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, April 4-6, 1984. Proceedings published in April 1984. Krzewinski, Tart, “Thermal Design Considerations in Frozen Ground Engineering". Published by American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) 1985. Hammer, Krzewinski, Booth, "Ground Temperature Monitoring - Cominco's Red Dog Project". To be presented at the Fourth International Cold Regions Engineering Specialty Conference, February 24-26, 1986. Krzewinski, Stanley, Moore, "Geotechnical Investigation - Cominco's Red Dog Mine Facilities". To be presented at the Fourth International Cold Regions Engineering Specialty Conference, February 24-26, 1986. Curriculum Vitae RRR Bi A 7 RICHARD J. McCANN Title Staff Economist Expertise Energy and Resource Economics Utility Regulatory Policy Public Policy Analysis Experience o Need for power analysis for three cogeneration projects with Firm from project and utility engineering and economic data. Assessed competitive projects from technical specifications. Assessed financial impacts of projects on utility systems. Recommended action by applicant before California Energy Commission. o Forecasted geothermal energy prices and Pacific Gas and Electric Co. generation mix to 1996 for prospective buyer of geothermal steam source. Assessed comparative forecasts from PG&E, the California Energy Commission and other sources plus other impacts, political and regulatory, on future energy prices. o Calculated geothermal power-generation facility operating costs for Geothermal Public Power Line Project using California Energy Commission and California Public Utility Commission criteria. Past Research Assistant, University of Michigan Experience o Analyzed and modeled recent U.S. airline pricing behavior from Civil Aeronautics Board data base for comparison with Australian air routes. o Researched regulatory history and prospects for cellular radio telephones by the Federal Communications Commission and state public utility commissions. Project Coordinator, Washington State Democrats o Compiled and analyzed results of 1984 Washington presiden- tial caucus process through three tiers starting with 6,000 precincts. Academic B.S., Political Economy of Natural Resources, 1981, University of Background California, Berkeley. M.P.P., Institute of Public Policy Studies, 1985, University of Michigan. Dames & Moore Professional American Economic Association Organizations International Association of Energy Economists American Agricultural Economics Association Curriculum Vitae (ESR CLIFFORD A. MORRISON AITEE Assistant Geologist EXPERTISE Geotechnical Field Investigation Geotechnical Lab Testing Geological Investigation EXPERIENCE WITH FIRM Provides expertise in geotechnical field investigations and laboratory testing for a wide variety of projects. ° Evaluated areas around the Red Dog Mine using aerial photographs, drilling and lab testing to determine the most efficient design for diversion trenches. ° Conducted geotechnical field investigation involving core and refrigerated core drilling for the Red Dog Mill Site. ° Coordinated 1985 drilling programs for the Red Dog Port Site. ° Conducted geotechnical field investigation and lab testing for a foundation design for Alaska Distribu- tors ° Performed thermistor data reduction for Red Dog Mine ~ to determine seasonal variations of permafrost. ° Conducted geotechnical field investigation and lab testing for a foundation design for Motorola, Inc. © Responsible for installation of thermistor strings for numerous projects. ° Prepared a structural cross-section from numerous boreholes for the Red Dog Mine Port Site. ° Assisted in managing geotechnical lab. PAST EXPERIENCE Logging Geologist for Schlumberger ° Describe cuttings for well log. ° Perform cuttings gas, nitrates and resistivity tests on rock samples and drilling fluid. ° Prepare samples for onsite geologists and companies involved in drilling operations. CAM.A 4/86 Anchorage Dames & Moore ACADEMIC BACKGROUND CITIZENSHIP COUNTRIES WORKED IN LANGUAGE PROF ICIENCY CAM.A 4/86 Sample Processor for NL Baroid Industries ° Worked in and became familiar with computerized logging units above the Arctic Circle. ° Increased understanding of well site geology. Seismic Drilling Exploration for Helidrill Inc. ° Worked on helicopter-supported seismic exploration programs. Geological Field Mapping for University of Montana e Conducted mapping exercises in the overthrust belt in southwest Montana. Field techniques and interpre- tation of aerial photos were combined to determine structural aspects of the area. Field Assistant for Five Valleys Commission © Assisted hydrologist and compiled data for ground water analysis. Lab Assistant for University of Montana © Performed soil separate tests and geochemical analysis of ground water. © Evaluated and logged data. B.A. (1982), Geology, University of Montana Nuclear Densometer School (1985), Anchorage, Alaska United States of America United States English Curriculum Vitae (SRE TES SRS JOHN W. MORSELL Title Project Manager/Senior Ecologist Expertise Management of multi-disciplinary environmental impact assessment projects, ecology of northern regions, aquatic biology, assessment and mitigation of biological impacts. Experience ° Project Manager, Kuparuk Oil Field rehabilitation stu- dies and development of a habitat ranking system © Principal Investigator, Pt. Thompson Natural Gas Field permitting and environmental services ° Project Manager, Permitting of Solid Waste Disposal Site, Prudhoe Bay, Alaska ° Principal Investigator, Permit Tracking and Environmental Training Programs, Bradley Lake Hydroelectric Project, Homer, Alaska ° Project Manager, Anadromous Fish Monitoring Program, Bradley Lake Hydroelectric Project, Homer, Alaska © Project Manager, third-party environmental impact state- ment for Diamond Chuitna Coal Field and port near Anchorage, Alaska ° Project Manager and principal investigator for a series of environmental studies for the Knik Arm Crossing pro- ject, Anchorage, Alaska ° Project Manager for mine concepts analysis and a third party Environmental Impact Statement for the bulk sampling phase of the world-class Quartz Hill Molybdenum mine near Ketchikan, Alaska ° Consultant, relative to protection of fish resources during design and construction planning for the Alaska Natural Gas Transportation System © Project Manager and field investigator for an environmen- tal assessment of a proposed hydroelectric project near Dillingham, Alaska, with field emphasis on evaluation of aquatic resources. © Principal Investigator, an evaluation of natural resource protection and petroleum development én Alaska ° Project Manager and field investigator for a detailed program of environmental baseline collection and impact assessment relating to the City of Valdez port expansion project Past Experience: oe Alyeska Pipeline Service Company - environmental spe- cialist, 1974-1978. Wide variety of environmental responsibilities including impact assessment and reporting, field surveillance of construction activities, environmental engineering, environmental quality assurance, nuisance animal control, oil spill contingency planning, administration of contingency programs, and personnel training. Conducted numerous field surveys ith the delineation of biological resources Danja % Mibate and terrestrial habitats John W. Morsell Z: Awards Professional Affiliations Academic Background Publications University of Montana - teaching assistant, 1971-1973. e University of Montanta - research assistant, 1972. Conducted a study of small mammal distribution and energetics. Funded by the Coniferous Forest Ecosystem Study Group of the International Biological Program. e Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources - fishery research biologist, 1968-1971. Responsible for planning and executing applied sport fishery research projects. Major research effort involved a study of the factors affecting year-class stength in warm water fish popu- lations. Conducted routine limnological sampling of five study lakes. Partial responsibility for the management of a field research station. e@ University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee - teaching assistant, 1966-1968. e University of Wisconsin Laboratory of Limnology, 1965. Assisted on various aquatic research projects, partic- ularly in relation to telemetry of fish movements. . Fellowship from Center for Great Lakes Studies, University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee, 1966-1968. Ecological Society of America; Certified Senior Ecologist American Fisheries Society 1971-1973 University of Montana; graduate study, emphasis on mammalian ecology and behavior, wildlife biology, and statistics. 1966-1968 University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee; M.S. in zoology, emphasis on limnology and fishery biology. 1962-1966 University of Wisconsin; B.S. in zoology. Morsell, J. and D. Erikson, 1984. Reconnaissance of freshwater habitats potentially affected by the north approach corridors of the Knik Arm Crossing project. Dames & Moore. Prepared for the Alaska Bepartment of Transpor- tation and Public Facilities. Morsell, J., J. Houghton, and K. Turco, 1983. Marine biological studies - Knik Arm. Dames & Moore. Prepared for the Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities. Morsell, J., 1983. Ecology of Knik Arm, a turbid estuary in southcentral Alaska. Presented at 34th Alaska Science Conference, Whitehorse, Y.T. Oct. 1983. Hanley, P., J. Hemming, J. Morsell, T. Morehouse, L. Leask, and G. Harrison, 1981. Natural resource protection and petroleum development in Alaska. Dames & Moore. Prepared for U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Office of Biological Services. FWS/08S-80-22. John W. Morsell Morsell, J., J. Houghton, M. Bell, 1981. Fish protection strategies for the design and construction of the Alaska segment of the Alaska Natural Gas ‘Transportation System. Dames & Moore. Prepared for Northwest Alaskan Pipeline Company. Morsell, J., S. Parker, D. Erikson, L. Peterson, and P. Knode, 1981. Lake Elva hydroelectric project - Environ- mental Report. Dames & Moore. Prepared for R.W. Beck and Associates, Inc. Morsell, J., 1980. Terrestrial habitat mapping and evalua- tion for Prudhoe Bay Waterflood project EIS (Appendix L). Dames & Moore. Prepared for U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. Hemming, J., G. Harrison, D. Lees, J. Morsell, W. Wade, D. Jones, and C. Fahl, 1979. Environmental assessment - City of Valdez port expansion project. Dames & Moore. Prepared for City of Valdez. , Morsell, J., 1979. The mammals of Port Valdez. Dames & Moore. Prepared for Alaska Petrochemical Company. Morsell, J., 1979. Freshwater aquatic habitats of the Valdez area. Dames & Moore. Prepared for Alaska Petro- chemical Company. Morsell, J. and G. Perkins, 1979. Salmon fry dispersion in eastern Port Valdez. Dames & Moore. Prepared for Alaska Petrochemical Company. Hemming, J., J. Houghton, and J. Morsell, 1978. Field validation of fish streams between the Canadian border and Delta Junction. Dames & Moore. Prepared for Northwest Alaskan Pipeline Company. Morsell, J., 1971. Walleye fry-plankton relationship in Escanaba Lake. Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, Federal Aid Progress Report. Morsell, J., 1970. Food Habits and growth of young-of-the- year walleyes from Escanaba Lake. Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, Research Report #56. Morsell, J., 1968. Food habits and seasonal fat condition of the alewife, Alosa pseudoharengus, in Lake Michigan. M.S. thesis, University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee. Norden, C.R. and J. Morsell, 1968. Food habits of the alewife in Lake Michigan. Proceedings of the Eleventh Conference on Great Lakes Research 1968. Curriculum Vitae VAP iat Ramee OR APNE E AN ES eS eR RR ga ey en ee THOMAS A. UMENHOFER Title Associate/Senior Meteorologist Expertise Applied Meteorology/Environmental Engineering Atmospheric Dispersion Modeling Ambient Air Quality and Meteorological Monitoring Source Emission Inventory/Environmental Impact Assessment Air Quality Permitting of Utility and Industrial Sources Experience Principal Investigator/Project Manager with Firm ° Preparation of air quality impact analyses for air emission permitting of oil procesing facility in southern California. Development and negotiation of atmospheric dispersion modeling protocol for onshore and offshore oil transport (pipeline) and processing facilities in California. Critical review of modeling procedures and ambient air impacts for a municipal solid waste incinerator project in Los Angeles, California. Management of eleven ambient air monitoring stations for criteria and non-criteria pollutants located throughout southwest California. Evaluation of several mobile source dispersion models for use in Alaska to determine CO impacts near major highway. Past General Manager, Mid-Continent Air Quality Services, Experience Environmental Research & Technology, Inc., 1981-1985 ° Program management of multi-station air quality/meteorologi- cal monitoring programs, indoor air pollution measurement, inhalable particulate impact evaluation, fugitive dust emission evaluation, and RCRA environmental exposure infor- mation reporting. Supervisor, Meteorology/Air Quality, Sargent & Lundy Engineers, 1978-1981 ° Fugitive dust impact assessment for coal handling, environ- mental impact of cooling towers, and power plant impact assessment and siting. Research Meteorologist, University of Chicago, 1974-1977 ° Satellite and Mesometeorological Research Project, meteorological applications of satellite imagery in severe storm detection and prediction, development of design-basis tornado model, and tornado damage surveys. Instructor, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1983-1985 ° Lecturer for USEPA training courses in air quality meteorology and dispersion modeling. Dames & Moore it January 1986 53.11/Cv-3 Curriculum Vitae LE ERPS LSE THOMAS A. UMENHOFER (concluded) Academic B.S., Geography, Western Illinois University, 1972 Background M.S., Meteorology, Northern Illinois University, 1975 M.S., Environmental Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, (pending) Postgraduate Study, Environmental Geomorphology, University of Chicago Professional American Meteorological Society Affiliations Air Pollution Control Association Technical Association of Pulp and Paper Industry Citizenship United States Countries United States Worked In Language English Proficiency Publications Umenhofer, T.A., and D.J. Hultgren. “Environmental Considerations In a Multi-fuel Boiler Project," 1984 TAPPI Environmental Conference Proceedings, 1984. Umenhofer, T.A., and G.E. McVehil. "Assessment of Coal Dust Emissions from Power Plants for PSD Permit Applications", Proceedings of the 43rd Annual Meeting of the American Power Conference, 1981. Umenhofer, T.A., and P.N. Derezotes. "Atmospheric Effects of Cooling Towers", Proceedings of the 41st Annual Meeting of the American Power Conference, 1979 January 1986 53.11/CVv-3.1 Dames & Moore s QUALIFICATIONS OF SAI ENGINEERS, INC. The Unalaska Geothermal Feasibility Study (Project) is one that combines several diverse features unique to Unalaska because of its geographic setting, electric utility system, and availability of indigenous geothermal resources. As an island, Unalaska's electric system is isolated and serves a relatively small population. The island is presently served by diesel generation. SAI Engineers, Inc. has provided feasibility studies through final design and start up for geothermal systems utilizing both liquid and steam dominated resources. These projects have included economic analyses, resource develop- ment, and plant cycle selection. A recent example is the 3 MW Yang Ba Jing Geothermal Project in Tibet, People's Republic of China. This project, on line in 1986, presented interesting alternatives to SAI's staff. Given the plant site elevation of 4,500 M. and a water dominated resource, SAI considered plant cycles ranging from binary cycles (one with water as the working fluid) single and double flash. Other geothermal projects planned and designed by SAL Engineers range up to 110 MW. In evaluating the feasibility of geothermal development on Unalaska, com parisons with the alternate generation technologies must be made. The major alternative to geothermal generation on Unalaska is diesel. SAI's experience in diesel generation is extensive and includes the recent feasibility study and design of a diesel powerplant at Shemya AFB on Shemya Island, Alaska. For this project SAI evaluated financing alternatives as well as providing conceptual and final designs. The plant incorporates a waste heat recovery system for the base district heating system. A major consideration of the Unalaska Project is in the area of transmission from the plant site to the existing distribution system. SAI's transmission and distribution system experience is among the most extensive in the industry. The company has planned and designed systems including over forty substations. SAI has recently designed submarine cable crossings at voltages to 115 kW and numerous underground and overhead systems. Recent transmission and distribution system design has been completed at Shemya AFB, and at Elmendorf AFB, Alaska. In summary, the Unalaska Geothermal Feasibility Study requires experience in all phases of geothermal planning, economics, and plant cycles evaluation. SAI MLF6/A 4.2-1 Engineers brings that experience coupled with an extensive background in diesel powerplant and transmission line planning and design. Following are brief descriptions of SAI's corporate as well as its principal staff member's experience, project descriptions and references. MLF6/A 4.2-2 SAI ENGINEERS, INC. GENERAL SAI Engineers, Inc., has worldwide experience in the planning and design of geothermal projects. For more than fifteen years, SAI has designed power plants utilizing geothermal resources, including water dominated reservoirs and steam/water reservoirs. The power plants have ranged in size from 1.5 MW to 110 MW. SAI Engineers, Inc. has a record of successful operations on an international scale. Projects have been designed in Asia, Central America, and the United States. SAI's success in the international geothermal area is due to the firm's multi- lingual capability, worldwide experience of its key staff, and a commitment to excellence. CORPORATE SAI Engineers, Inc., is a corporation that was incorporated in 1969 under the laws of the State of California. The company specializes in the planning, design, and construction Management of geothermal power plants and_ electrical transmission systems. SAI's staff numbers seventy-five and includes professionals in electrical, mechanical, civil and structural engineering. The professional staff includes scientists specializing in geothermal power plant process design, construction managers and supervisors, and financial analysts. The officers of SAI Engineers, Inc., are: Robert J. Membreno, P.E., President William J. Dulude, P.E., Senior Vice President George M. Takahashi, P.E., Vice President Gordon A. Needham, Vice President James H. Wazlaw, Vice President 4.2-3 1. II. EXPERIENCE OF SAI ENGINEERS, INC. SIMILAR PROJECTS SAI Engineers, Inc., has worldwide experience in the planning and design of geothermal projects. For more than fifteen years, SAI has designed power plants utilizing geothermal resources, including water dominated reservoirs and steam/water reservoirs. The power plants have ranged in size from 1.5 MW to 110 MW. SAI Engineers, Inc. has a record of successful operations on an international scale. Projects have been designed in Asia, Central America, and the United States. SAI's success in the international geothermal area is due to the firm's mulit- lingual capability, worldwide experience of its key staff, and a commitment to excellence. SAI Engineers, Inc., specializes in geothermal development and is, therefore, committed to excellence in the geothermal industry. Early in its history, SAI recognized that geothermal resource development is an excellent addition to a country's economy because of the generation potential with a non-petroleum resource. During the past ten years, forty percent of the firm's revenues have been derived from geothermal projects. This has allowed SAI Engineers to assemble a staff with more geothermal experience than any other firm. For the past ten years, this staff has worked as a team for the design of geothermal power plants. In all disciplines -- electrical, mechanical, civil, and structural engineering, SAI's professional staff is the most experienced in the geothermal industry. 42-4 2. GEOTHERMAL POWER PLANTS DESIGNED BY SAI ENGINEERS, INC. NCPA Geothermal Project No. 1 NCPA Geothermal Project No. 2 Momotombo Geothermal Power Plant Yang Ba Jing Geothermal Power Plant M-S-R/Abril Geothermal Power Plant Chingshui Geothermal Power Plant 66 MW Power Plant 110 MW Power Plant 35 MW Power Plant 3 MW Power Plant 20 MW Power Plant 1.5 MW Power Plant 4.2=5 California, USA California, USA Nicaragua, Central America People's Republic of China California, USA Taiwan M-S-R/ABRIL GEOTHERMAL DEVELOPMENT 20 MW GEOTHERMAL POWER PLANT SONOMA COUNTY, CALIFORNIA SAI Engineers provided services for leasehold acquisition, design of roads and leasehold improvements, and drilling management services for this project. SAI is now developing a 20 MW geothermal power plant on the leasehold of the Modesto-Santa Clara-Redding (M-S-R) Public Power Agency. The power plant consists of a two unit (2 x 10 MW) turbine/generator with an H2S abatement system, a 13.8 kV to 115 kV step-up substation, and condensate reinjection system. The cost of the plant is estimated at $35,000,000. YANG BA JING GEOTHERMAL POWER PLANT, 3 MW PROVINCE OF TIBET PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA SAI Engineers provided engineering design for this project. Located at an elevation of 4,500 m. above mean sea level, the power plant is a dual flash system utilizing a hot water resource of 165°C. During the conceptual design phase of this project, SAI evaluated several conversion technologies including binary cycles, single flash, dual flash, and total flow. SAI provided all drawings and specifications. In addition to the power plant design, SAI Engineers provided design and specifications for the downhole well pumps. The cost of the plant is approximately $4,000,000. This project is significant in the geothermal industry because SAI Engineers is the first non-Chinese company to design a geothermal power plant in the People's Republic of China. 4.2-6 GEOTHERMAL RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM THE GEYSERS, CALIFORNIA CENTRAL CALIFORNIA POWER AGENCY (CCPA) SACRAMENTO, CALIFORNIA SAI provided planning, organization, and administration of geothermal resource acquisition, evaluation, development, and utilization for the Central California Power Agency. SAI provided advisory services for the acquisition, evaluation, and development of potential geothermal resources for electric energy generation. SAI negotiated geothermal resource development agreements with owners and/or developers of potential geothermal lands, evaluated resource viability. 110 MW GEOTHERMAL POWER PLANT NCPA GEOTHERMAL PROJECT NO. 3 THE GEYSERS, CALIFORNIA, USA SAI Engineers, Inc., provided the design criteria and conceptual designs for a 110 MW geothermal power plant, initially consisting of one 55 MW unit with provisions for expanding it to two 55 MW units. These services were provided to the Northern California Power Agency, Owner of the Project. Services Included: ° Preparation of documentation for governmental permits. The work included the development of conceptual design and analysis of all critical-system components and evaluation of the project environmental impacts. The following specific systems were developed. - Turbine/generator system - Heat dissipation system - Atmospheric emission control system - Water disposal system - Electric transmission system - Conceptual design of plant facilities and structures and development of design criteria, including structural design and performance criteria 4.2=7 FEASIBILITY STUDY MOMOTOMBO UNITS NO. 2 AND NO. 3 MOMOTOMBO, FIELD NO. 2 MANAGUA, NICARAGUA, CENTRAL AMERICA SAI Engineers analyzed the technical and economic feasibility of expanding the generation facilities at the Momotombo Geothermal Field beyond the programmed development of 35 MW capacity. This was done for the Instituto Nicaraguenese de Electricidad (a Nicaraguan governmental agency). Feasibility analysis, project implementation schedules, economic, and environmental impacts of the project, preliminary engineering design, and financial documents. Included evaluation of well tests and reservoir adequacy. 35 MW GEOTHERMAL POWER PLANT MOMOTOMBO UNIT NO. 1 MANAGUA, NICARAGUA, CENTRAL AMERICA SAI Engineers, Inc., provided engineering services for a 35 MW power plant at the Momotombo field for the Instituto Nicaraguense de Electricidad. Geothermal resource conditions dictated a two-flash steam separation for dual pressure turbine entry. SAI's engineering services included: ° Optimization of generation development program. Engineering Management consultation and bid document preparation for the contracting of equipment supply, construction, and installation of complete operational power plant with related 230 kV transmission. Engineering and supervision of site development work, including seismic and lava flow considerations. Development of power plant performance requirements in accordance with operational needs determined by owner and within financial obligations by Government of Nicaragua to Government of Japan under the terms of government-sponsored financing. ° This project was stopped because of the political situation in the country. However, prior to suspension of the work, the major equipment supply contracts had been awarded and some of the site work was complete. 4.2-8 66 MW GEOTHERMAL POWER PLANT NCPA GEOTHERMAL PROJECT NO. 1 SONOMA AND LAKE COUNTIES CALIFORNIA, USA Development of geothermal electric power project at The Geysers, California. Includes exploration drilling, field development, a power plant with two 33 MW units, and related 230 kV transmission interconnection. SAI's services included: ° Preparation of a project which includes participation by owner in resource development. Economic analyses and financial planning. Obtain exploration drilling permits, including related environmental approvals. Planning, permitting, and construction management of access roads and drill pads for drilling program and supervision of exploration drilling. Management and supervision of exploration drilling. Preliminary engineering for two 33 MW geothermal power plant and processing of requisite governmental approvals. 4.2=-9 TAIWAN GEOTHERMAL PROJECT CHINGSHUI GEOTHERMAL FIELD TAIWAN, REPUBLIC OF CHINA For the National Science Council in Taipei, Taiwan, SAI provided engineering services for the development of geothermal resources and the installation of a 1.5 MW optimized wellhead demonstration electric power plant. The purpose of the demonstration power plant is intended to provide operating experience and proof of design concepts prior to the scale up to a larger installation. A review and evaluation of well drilling, testing, and resource production methods currently employed. As a result of the evaluation, recommendation for future strategies and improvements in resource exploration and development techniques and procedures were made, A review and evaluation of preliminary work on power plant cycle optimization and power plant design concepts. As a result of this review and evaluation, a report of findings and recommendations was made detailing suggested methods for improving the preliminary design concepts and cycle arrangement. Also provided, were recommendations for detail design and operation of the demonstration plant. LUALUALEI GEOTHERMAL PROJECT OAHU, HAWAII, USA SAI provided consulting services for geothermal resource development of a 10,000-acre project area with the objective of developing electric power generation of approximately 160 MW to supply the Department of Defense loads. The project was owned by the US Navy. Services consisted of developing a request for proposals and related contractual arrangements for exploration and development of a potential geothermal resource in Hawaii. The exploration and development work was to be accomplished by private enterprise (non public funding). SAI coordinated with the local public utility for generation development, marketing of power, and potential project participation. 4,2-10 110 MW GEOTHERMAL POWER PLANT NCPA GEOTHERMAL PROJECT NO. 2 SONOMA AND LAKE COUNTIES CALIFORNIA, USA Development of a geothermal electric power project at The Geysers, California. Steam purchase contract negotiations, reservoir evaluation, and engineering for a power plant with two 55 MW units and related 230 kV transmission. Steam supply was by Shell Oil Company. The plant costs totaled $70,000,000. Prepare project documentation, including steam purchase agreement, economic analyses, and financing program. Process governmental permit applications, including related environmental approvals. Development of financing program and coordination with financing agencies. Siting and engineering design for the power plant and transmission tapline. Prepare bid and contract documentation for all engineered items of equipment, bid evaluation, and coordination of suppliers. Preparation of construction contract documents. Construction management. Operating manuals and assistance at start-up. 4,2-11 PROJECT: LOCATION: CLIENT: CONSTRUCTION: COST: DESCRIPTION: CLIENT CONTACT: Shemya AFB - Power Generation Facility Shemya Island, Alaska U.S. Army Corps of Engineers $28,000,000 Engineering, design, economic studies for a 6 MW diesel power plant and electrical distribution system. SAI provided all architectural and engineering design for this sizable project. Structural engineering and architectural design was provided for the design and layout of the facility which included modifications and addition to the 126 foot by 120 foot power house. This included the design of all foundations, structures, fuel system, and storage facilities. SAI provided all mechanical engineering for the specification of prime movers and the design of balance of plant. Electrical engineering was provided for generation at 13.8 kV and switching equipment to tie into the existing 2.4 kV distribution system. In addition, SAI designed the waste heat recovery system which recovers heat from the water jacket cooling system and is used for district heating. John Allender Corps of Engineers Alaska District Pouch 898 Anchorage, AK 99506 (907) 552-4239 4,2-12 1. III. QUALIFICATIONS OF PROFESSIONAL STAFF The staff of SAI Engineers, Inc., is among the most experienced in the geothermal industry. All of the lead engineers and key personnel are experienced in the design of geothermal power plants at worldwide locations. All of the lead engineers are graduates of leading universities and are licensed professional engineers. Some of the key staff are: Robert J. Membreno is President of SAI Engineers. Mr. Membreno is a Registered Professional Engineer and a graduate of Stanford University. He has more than thirty years of experience in the utility industry including fifteen years' experience in the planning and design of geothermal power plants in Asia, Central America, and the United States. Mr. Membreno has_ been instrumental in establishing public agencies' presence in the geothermal industry. He has instituted geothermal resource acquisition programs and has had negotiated resource sales/ purchase agreements for many public utilities. Edgar A. Martinez is Chief Structural Engineer with advanced degrees and certificates from the Catholic University. He has experience in the design of geothermal power plants in Asia, Central America, and the United States. Gordon A. Needham, Consulting Mechanical Engineer, has more than twenty years of experience in the geothermal industry. He has developed plant cycles for steam and hot water resources in Iceland, Taiwan, Central America and the United States. His projects include the Krafla Geothermal Power Plant, Magmax Binary Cycle Project, and the Yang Ba Jing Power Plant. Mr. Needham is a graduate of the California Maritime Academy. Mr. Needham is also an experienced diesel power plant engineer having served as Project Engineer and Mechanical Engineer on major projects including the 6 MW Shemya AFB, Alaska project and the 57 MW Anamax diesel powerplant in Arizona. William J. Dulude is a graduate of the California Polytechnic University and has thirty years of experience in the utility industry. His experience in the design and construction of geothermal power plants includes several in California as well as Asia and Central America. Mr. Dulude serves as Geothermal Project Construction Manager. 4,2-13 In addition, he served as Project Manager for the recently designed 6 MW diesel powerplant at Shemya AFB, Alaska. Arnold A. Wiebold, -SAI's Chief Mechanical Engineer, is a Registered Professional Engineer and has more than twenty years of experience in the power industry. He has served as Project Engineer for geothermal powerplants in California, Central America, and Asia as well as for geothermal drilling projects. These projects include both water and vapor dominated resources. Dr. Hugh Johnston, PhD., received his degrees from Stanford University. Dr. Johnston has over fifteen years of experience n the geothermal industry. He is a geothermal process and cycle development specialist having developed geothermal cycle designs for binary systems, dual flash systems, and steam dominated systems. His cycle designs have been used in geothermal power plants in California and New Mexico, USA, the Philippines, Nicaragua, and the People's Republic of China. Norman P. Ingraham, Vice President of SAI Engineers, has more than thirty years of experience in utility system planning, economics, and management. A well known figure in the public utility industry, Mr. Ingraham served as the first General Manager of the Northern California Power Agency, the first public utility to finance, construct, and operate a geothermal power plant in the United States. Burt Hepponstall, Chief Electrical Engineer, has significant experience in the planning and design of electric transmission systems. He has managed the design of overhead, underground, and submarine crossings of transmission systems to EHV levels. These projects are located in Alaska, British Columbia, California, and overseas locations. 462-14 2. GEOTHERMAL POWER PLANTS DESIGNED BY SAI ENGINEERS' STAFF NCPA Geothermal Project No. 1 NCPA Geothermal Project No. 2 NCPA Geothermal Project No. 3 Momotombo Geothermal Power Plant Yang Ba Jing Geothermal Power Plant M-S-R/Abril Geothermal Power Plant Chingshui Geothermal Power Plant Krafla Geothermal Power Plant TIWI Geothermal Power Plant BACA Geothermal Power Plant Roosevelt Hot Springs Power Plant Magmamax Geothermal Power Plant 66 MW Power Plant 110 MW Power Plant 110 MW Power Plant 35 MW Power Plant 3 MW Power Plant 20 MW Power Plant 1.5 MW Power Plant 70 MW Power Plant 110 MW Power Plant 50 MW Power Plant 20 MW Power Plant 10 MW Power Plant 4,2-15 California, California, California, Nicaragua, America People's of China California, Taiwan Iceland Republic of Philippines New Mexico, Utah, USA California, USA USA USA Central Republic USA the USA USA SAI ENGINEERS, INC. REFERENCES John Allender U.S. Corps of Engineers Alaska District Pouch 898 Anchorage, Alaska 99506 (907) 552-4239 D. R. Von Raesfeld City Manager City of Santa Clara 1500 Warburton Avenue Santa Clara, California 95050 (408) 984-3101 Charles S. Viss General Manager M-S-R Public Power Agency P. 0. Box 4060 Modesto, California 95352 (209) 578-1212 4,2-16 S Public Power Agency go 4, 4 Box 4060 * = Modesto, California 95352 * ~=——(209) 578-1212 APR 1& type RECEIVED 7 April 16, 1986 TO WHOM IT MAY CONCERN SAI Engineers, Inc. has aided M-S-R, other Central California joint power agencies and the Modesto Irrigation District in the implementation of development programs designed to use geothermal steam for the generation of electric power. SAI Engineers' contribution has helped to initiate these programs and allowed the programs to proceed toward successful implementation. ee yours, ches ee ’ nant ee So Viss General Manager, M-S-R Assistant General Manager, MID CSV/bc 4,2-17 Modgesto Irrigation District . City of Santa Clara . City of Redding Northern California Power Agency 180 Cirby Way, Roseville California 95678 MICHAEL W. McDONALD General Manager (916) 781-4203 April 21, 1986 TO WHOM IT MAY CONCERN Subject: NCPA Geothermal Project No. 2 This is to verify that SAI Engineers, Inc., of Santa Clara, California, was the Architect/Engineer and Construction Manager for the Northern California Power Agency's (NCPA) 110 MW geothermal project in the Geysers KGRA. SAI Engineers also performed all related activities necessary to insure successful completion of the project, including: licensing and permits; equipment specification and procurement; on-site field engineering; etc. NCPA Geothermal Project No. 2 has been in commercial operation for more than two full years. The generating plant has achieved 9C (plus) percent capacity factor during that period, and has the best on-line record of any geothermal facility in the Geysers. Final construction costs for Project No. 2 were less than $1,000/kW, which is competitive with geothermal plants of similar design and recent construction. Generally, NCPA has been very satisfied with Geothermal Project No. 2. Sincerely, Kagel Antes [Je ROGER A. FONTES Manager, Planning Engineering & Meinber Services RAF /F1 4.2-19 THE CITY OF SANTA CLARA “ee CALIFORNIA ear SANTA CLARA CA our! (406) 984 3101 April 14, 1986 To whom it may concern: This is to inform you that the City of Santa Clara has employed S.A.1. Engineers over the past several years in connection with numerous City projects. In particular, S.A.1. Engineers has aided the City of Santa Clara in the development of geothermal resources for power generation, both directly for the City, and indirectly for joint action agencies that the City has been associated with. We have been very pleased with the results obtained by this firm and its employees. Very truly yours, bik hea 4s City Manager / DRV:wh 4.2-18 SAI ENGINEERS, INC. RESUMES EXPERIENCE ROBERT J. MEMBRENO - PRINCIPAL IN CHARGE Mr. Membreno has thirty years' of experience in engineering management. The last fifteen years have been that of firm principal and chief executive officer. His major current activity is that of structuring geothermal project development and financing programs. Recent experience includes organization and direction fo the geothermal development program for the Northern California Power Agency, consultant to M-S-R Public Power Agency, Central California Power Agency, Modesto Irrigation District, and the City of Santa Clara. The functions discharged include evaluation of geothermal resources, contracting for steam reserves, development of finance programs, organization of exploration programs, facilities engineering and determination of costs of power from the development of geothermal generation at The Geysers KGRA. Geothermal development experience includes establishment of objectives and plans for power plant development of NCPA Projects No. 1, No. 2, and No. 3. Responsibilities included documentation for financing program, development of project schedules and preparation of program for the designs and construction of the NCPA power plants. Other geothermal projects include Momotombo No. 1, wherein responsibilities discharged include development of geothermal program, structuring of loan documentation for an international loan granted by the Government of Japan to the Government of Nicaragua to finance the complete 35 MW geothermal plant project; organization of design and construction programs; feasibility studies for the expansion of the program to 105 MW of geothermal plants; preparation of budgets for the conduct of geothermal exploratory work in Hohi, Japan, conducted by EPDC, a nationally owned company of Japan. EDUCATION PROFESSIONAL REGISTRATION MEMBERSHIP LANGUAGES ROBERT J. MEMBRENO (Con't) B.S. Electrical Engineering - Stanford Univerisity Industrial Management Certificate. Registered Professional Electrical Engineer, California Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers Geothermal Resources Council Fluent in Spanish, English, Portugese EXPERIENCE EDUCATION PROFESSIONAL REGISTRATION MEMBERSHIP ARNOLD A. WIEBOLD - LEAD MECHANICAL ENGINEER/ PROJECT ENGINEER Twenty years' experience in electrical generation facilities encompassing design, engineering management, construction and operations. Mr. Wiebold's recent responsibilities have included supervision of the engineering work on a 110 MW geothermal power plant in Northern California, NCPA Geothermal Project No. 2, management of the licensing activities for NCPA Geothermal Project No. 3, and supervision of engineering design for other geothermal units utilizing dry and flashed steam cycles. Activities have included licensing coordination, basic system design, equipment specification and evaluation, contract administration and construction coordination. Other recent professional experience includes project engineering management for nuclear reactors and supporting equipment for generating facilities in the U.S. and Mexico, and mechanical engineering supervision for two 350 MW coal-fired generating units in Montana. Mr. Wiebold has served as Mechanical Engineer and Project Engineer for the following geothermal projects: NCPA Geothermal Project No. 2, 110 MW Power Plant NCPA Geothermal Project No. 3, 110 MW Power Plant MSR Geothermal Development Program MSR Abril Geothermal Project, 12 MW Power Plant Yang Ba Jing Geothermal Project, 3 MW Power Plant Hohi Geothermal Drilling Project, Japan ©0000 0 B.S. Mechanical Engineering, University of Nebraska, 1961 Registered Professional Mechanical Engineer, California Geothermal Resources Council GORDON A. NEEDHAM - PROJECT MECHANICAL ENGINEER EXPERIENCE Mr. Needham has twenty-five years' experience in all phases of power plant planning and design. He has prepared economic analyses, cycle optimization, and process analyses for a variety of power plant types, including many with waste heat recovery systems. Among these projects are: ° Diesel power plants ranging in size from 3 MW to 57 MW. Many are designed with waste heat recovery systems for district heating and process applications. Gas-fired cogeneration and peaking power plants. These include combustion turbines and reciprocating engines and range in size from 350 kW to 25 MW. Steam power plants, including geothermal steam plants ranging in size from 3 MW to 110 MW. Mr. Needham has conducted feasibility studies for generation projects that include a waste fired power plant using high-tech industry wastes with supplemental gas firing and a third-party financing study for a 6 MW power plant project owned by the U.S. Air Force. Among the specific projects for which Mr. Needham provided engineering are: ° 3.8 MW Reciprocating Engine Cogeneration Project - California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo 11 MW Gas Turbine Cogeneration Project - City of Santa Clara EDUCATION LANGUAGE GORDON A. NEEDHAM (continued) Mr. Needham's geothermal experience includes: 35 MW Mombotombo Geothermal Power Plant - Nicaragua 3 MW Yang Ba Jing Geothermal Power Plant - People's Republic of China ° 110 MW NCPA No. 2 Geothermal Power Plant - California, USA 1.5 MW Geothermal Power Plant - Taiwan ° 35 MW Krafla Power Plant - Iceland ° 10 MW Magmamax Power Plant - California, USA In addition to these generation projects, Mr. Needham's experience includes the design of boiler installations, gas compression facilities, and chemical treatment systems for industrial waste projects. B.S., Marine Engineering, California Maritime Academy Fluent in English, some Spanish EXPERIENCE BURT R. HEPPONSTALL - LEAD ELECTRICAL ENGINEER Burt Hepponstall has twenty-seven years of experience in the design of electric power systems, including transmission and distribution for utility companies, industrial, and commercial projects. He is responsible for electrical engineering design and planning analyses for the transmission and distribution systems of several California utilities and industrial systems. These projects include the 60 kV-12 kV substation for Container Corporation of America, 60 kV-12 kV substation for the City of Santa Clara, and numerous electrical Projects for Bay Area industries. Burt Hepponstall's experience has included the design and design supervision of transmission and distribution systems up to EHV 500 kV systems: ° ARCO Waterflood Project, Prudhoe Bay, Alaska -- Supervision of electrical distribution system design, including substations, 20 miles of 69 kV pole-mounted and gas-filled transmission line section, 69 kV switchgear, relaying, and SCADA system. Distribution system planning for City of Jubail, Saudi Arabia -- System includes 54 MW of gas turbine capacity, 115 kV switchyard and tie lines, 34.5 kV and 13.8 kV overhead and underground distribution systems. ° Design of 345 kV and 138 kV substat:ion for Consolidated Edison's Orange and Rockland power plants. Design of converter substations for high-voltage DC project connecting Vancouver Island, Canada to mainland. Work included 230 kV AC switchyard layout and converter station building design. ° Designed 500 kV, 138 kV, and 12 kV switchyard protection and control systems for Portage Mountain Hydro Development, Canada. Mr. Hepponstall's geothermal experience includes: - MSR Abril Geothermal Project, 12 MW Power Plant - Yang Ba Jing Geothermal Project, 3 MW Power Plant EDUCATION REGISTRATION PROFESSIONAL SOCIETIES LANGUAGES BURT R. HEPPONSTALL (continued) B.S., Electrical Engineering, Universit:y of Ceylon Graduate Study, University of Santa Clara Registered Professional Electrical Engineer in California, Washington, Wyoming, British Columbia, England IEEE -- Senior Member IEE England -- Member Fluent in English, knowledge of Spanisa EXPERIENCE WILLIAM J. DULUDE - CONSTRUCTION MANAGER William J. Dulude has thirty-three years' professional experience as corporate officer, project and engineering management, construction Management, and design of utility and industrial facilities. Current responsibility is Manager of Operations. Recent experience includes project management of the design of 115 kV - 12 kV 110 MVA substation, including the design of a SCADA system, 115 kV overhead line, and 115 kV submarine and land cable instruction. Project management on the addition of 6 MW of diesel generation to an existing 12 MW diesel generating plant. Other experience includes corporate responsibility for project organization, preliminary engineering, and construction management of the NCPA 110 MW geothermal power plant in Northern California. Other professional experience included duties as chief electrical engineer for a multi--billion dollar airport complex in the Middle Hast, corporate sponsor responsible for the design and construction of a 57 MW diesel power plant, and project management on various large industrial power system studies and system improvement programs. Chief electrical engineer for 10 years in the United States and in the Philippines for a large West Coast consulting engineering firm. One and one-half years as Craft Superintendent and Field Design Engineering on the construction of Zirconium and Titanium Ore reduction plants. Mr. Dulude's geothermal experience includes: ° NCPA Geothermal Project No. 2, 110 MW Power Plant NCPA Geothermal Project No. 3, 110 MW Power Plant Yang Ba Jing Geothermal Project, 3 MW Power Plant MSR Abril Geothermal Project, 12 MW Power Plant Mombotombo Geothermal Project, 35 MW Power Plant © 0 0 Oo EDUCATION PROFESSIONAL REGISTRATION PROFESSIONAL MEMBERSHIPS CONTRACTOR'S LICENSE WILLIAM J. DULUDE (continued) Corporate activities as firm principal include organization and management of company operations. B.S., Electrical Engineering, California State Polytechnic University, 1952 Registered Professional Electrical Engineer in California, Arizona, and Montana Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers Construction Specification Institute General Engineering Contractor in State of California EXPERIENCE NORMAN P. INGRAHAM - VICE PRESIDENT Mr. Ingraham, a well known figure in the public power industry, has over thirty years’ experience in financing, planning, and design of! utility systems. Mr. Ingraham has served as Electric Superintendent of the City of Santa Clara's Electric Department which is a 320 MW municipal utility. In addition, he served as the first General Manager of the Northern California Power Agency, a group of twelve municipal utilities that purchases, generates, and transmits power in California. Prior to these positions, Mr. Ingraham served as an engineer with PG&E in the design of transmission and generatioa facilities. As Vice President of SAI, Mr. Ingraham is engaged in financial analyses and system planning for public utilities and industrial companies. He has conducted studies for the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) in the area of small generating systems and comparative costs of alternate energy systems. Mr. Ingraham has represented clients in the marketing plans of the Western Area Power Administration (WAPA). He has negotiated sales of surplus energy from utilities in the Northwest to California and has negotiated power purchase and interconnection agreements with PG&E and SCE on behalf of energy developers. Mr. Ingraham served as General Manager of the Northern California Power Agency (NGPA) and organized and directed the actions of NCPA which consists of eleven cities and one rural electric cooperative in California. As the Agency's first General Manager, his mandate was to provide for the eleven cities and cooperative the most economic power supply, to purchase electric capacity and energy from economic sources and/or develop generation and transmission for this purpose. He supervised rate actions for both purchase and sale of electric power and interconnections with other utilities. Mr. Ingraham has chaired and served on committees of the American Public Power Association and the California Energy Commission. EDUCATION PROFESSIONAL MEMBERSHIPS NORMAN P. INGRAHAM (continued) Mr. Ingraham served as Electric Superintendent of the Santa Clara Municipal Electrical Department, where he planned, organized, and directed the work of the Electric Department, including the installation, repair, and maintenance of the electrical distribution system for commercial, industrial, and residential customers. He developed plans and future needs of electric power of this utility which currently has a peak demand of 320 MW. For fourteen years, Mr. Ingraham served in positions from engineer to supervising engineer for the Pacific Gas & Electric Company and the City of Santa Clara. During this time, he performed and supervised the engineering and design of substations, transmission and distribution systems, and power plants. Bachelor of Electrical Engineering, University of Santa Clara Graduate School of Management, University of Santa Clara Member of Engineering Operating Committee of Western Systems Coordinating Council. Member of APPA Special Committee in association with FERC on Rate Procedures Chairman of Central Valley Project, Customer Technical Committee Mid Pacific Region of USBR, Department of Interior Member of State of California Energy Commission Geothermal Advisory Committee EXPERIENCE DR. HUGH JOHNSTON - PROCESS SCIENTIST Dr. Johnston has eighteen years of experience in engineering and research, principally in geothermal energy and nuclear power reactor areas, Dr. Johnston's geothermal experience includes developing heat balance and flow diagrams for both dry steam and flash steam power plants, design of H2S abatement facilities for the NPCA No. 2 Plant at The Geysers, including specificatioas of Stretford process primary (noncondensable gases) H2S abatement system, and both design and engineering of the hydrogen perioxide process secondary (condensate treatment) H2S abatement system. Performed economic analysis and financial projections for NCPA Projects No. 1 and No 2, and analyses of performance of major equipment hardware, and evaluating bids with respect to proces and plant economics. Dr. Johnston executed process studies for the TIWI 110 MW flash steam plant in the Philippines, the BACA 50 MW flash steam plant in New Mexico, the Krafla 60 MW flash steam plant in Iceland, the Momotombo Units 1, 2, and 3-35 MW flash steam plants in Nicaragua, and the NCPA Project No. 3 dry steam plant at The Geysers. Mr. Johnston performed detailed parametric analysis of both single and double flash steam plants. A summary of Dr. Johnston's geothermal. experience includes: ° TIWI Geothermal Power Plant, 110 MW, Philippines ° BACA Geothermal Power Plant, 50 MW, New Mexico, USA Krafla Geothermal Power Plant, 70 MW, Iceland © NCPA Geothermal Project No. 3, 110 MW, California, USA EDUCATION DR. HUGH JOHNSTON - PROCESS SCIENTIST (cont'd) Yang Ba Jing Geothermal Power Plant, 3 MW, People's Republic of China Momotombo Geothermal Power Plant, 35 MW, Nicaragua ° M-S-R/Abril Geothermal Power Plant, 12 MW, California, USA B.S., Physics, Stanford University Ph.D., Physics, Stanford University EXPERIENCE EDUCATION PROFESSIONAL REGISTRATION EDGAR A. MARTINEZ — LEAD STRUCTURAL ENGINEER Over twenty years' experience in project engineering design and management, especially in civil and structural engineering for transmission and distribution systems. Recent experience includes the design and design supervision of electric substation equipment support structures, foundations, and control building for the Cities of Santa Clara (Kifer Receiving Station), Alameda, Ukiah, and Lompoc, and for IBM. Mr. Martinez developed the structural design criteria, construction specifications, and reviewed the detailed design of the switchyard structures and foundations for two 110 MW geothermal power plants in Northern California. Other professional experience includes the design and design supervision of transmission lines, development of the first bridge design manual for the State of Delaware (1970), and bridge design and design of bulkheads and wharves for the State of Delaware. Mr. Martinez's geothermal experience ‘includes the overall civil/structural planning and design for the following: ° Mombotombo Geothermal Power Plant, Nicaragua ° NCPA Geothermal Project No. 2, 110 MW Power Plant ° NCPA Geothermal Project No. 3, 110 MW Power Plant ° yang Ba Jing Geothermal Project, 3 MW Power Plant M.S., Civil Engineering, Catholic University, Washington, D.C. B.S., Civil Engineering, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Nicaragua Diploma Building Construction Science, Centre Scientifique et Technique du Batiment, France Registered Professional Civil Engineer in California, Delaware, and Louisiana EDGAR A. MARTINEZ (Cont) PROFESSIONAL American Society of Civil Engineers MEMBERSHIPS American Society for Testing and Materials LANGUAGES Fluent in Spanish, English 1.0 MESQUITE GROUP, INC. 1.1 General Description of Firm Mesquite Group, Inc. is a California Corporation formed in October 1985 for the purpose of providing consulting and operating services to the geothermal exploration and development industry. The four principals of the company each have over nineteen years of industrial experience in engineering and/or operations management. Individually they possess specialized skills in management, reservoir engineering, production engineering, field operations supervision, data processing and technical computing. There are also four associates of the company available under permanent contract who have expertise in exploration and production geology, operations management, drilling management, engineering and supervision, reservoir engineering, and geochemistry. While most of these professionals had their early experience in the petroleum industry, they have each specialized for a number of years in geothermal exploration and development. Working at, or in close association with Republic Geothermal, Inc. over the last nine years, they developed a high regard for each other's capabilities. Upon Republic's restructuring in September 1985 as a property holding company, with no operations, the Mesquite Group was formed to take advantage of this newly available group of geothermal experts. The wide scope of experience represented allows the Group to offer a full spectrum of geothermal exploration and development services, ranging from initial surface exploration through field development and continuous operations. No other U.S. geothermal consultant can offer such a complete range of integrated services. Specifically, the Group will engage in all of the following activities: a. Surface and near-surface exploration - Design exploration data acquisition programs; conduct geological and geochemical field surveys, and measure subsurface temperature gradients; supervise contractors in gradient hole drilling, and geophysical surveying; interpret data obtained with respect to geothermal resource prospects; recommend well sites. b. Exploration and development well drilling - Design drilling programs; select/procure drilling contractors and materials; supervise drilling contractors conformance to programs. c. Open and _ cased-hole logging - Design and supervise logging programs, including mud logging; interpret data as to pressure, temperature, inflow zones, lithology, correlation with other wells, etc. d. Well completion, stimulation, and workover - Design and sup. rvise implementation of programs to gravel pack, install screens and liners, install down hole pumps, perforate zones behind casing, hydraulically fracture or acidize low-productivity/injectivity intervals, clean out scale and fill material, patch casing, isolate zones and abandon wells. 4.3-1 e. Testing and water treating factilities - lIlesign and supervise construction/installation of temporary facilities; supervise operations; provide temporary labor for test facility erection and operation. f. Test Data - Design testing programs; acquire or supervise the acquisition of transient pressure, temperature, flow rate, and chemical composition data from active (production/injection) and passive (observation) wells; interpret data in terms of reservoir parameters and wellbore characteristics. g- Data management - Develop data processing files and systems for manipulating and controlling technical resource and project cost data. h. Reservoir and well modeling - Interpret and integrate geologic and test data obtained into mathematical models for predicting long-term reservoir and well-performance; conduct parametric studies to investigate sensitivity to uncertainties; optimize field development plans; estimate reserves. i. Economics - Integrate geothermal resource performance predictions with economic parameters to produce present-value and rate-of-returm analyses; prepare and manage exploration, development, and operations budgets; prepare and present reports to clients, investors, and regulators. j. Field operations - Plan and supervise all aspects of continuous well production, water treating, and injection in order to supply steam and/or hot water to geothermal power plants. 1.2 Experience Summary Table 1 summarizes the experience of the Group during the last five years in major geothermal projects. Section A of the table shows those projects in which virtually all members of the Group participated as employees or associates of Republic. Section B lists Mesquite Group projects currently underway. 4,3-2 €=6°9 A. Name Table I MESQUITE GROUP, INC. MAJOR PROJECTS EXPERIENCE Description At Republic Geothermal, Inc. 1. 3. 6. Geothermal Well Stimulation Program Unalaska Geothermal Exploration General Exploration, Japan Nationwide Japan Geothermal Resources Survey Deep Drilling, Kyushu, Japan San Bernardino District Heating Project Extend oil and gas well stimulation technology to geothermal wells and demonstrate with eight major field experiments Locate and test geothermal resources of Unalaska Island, Alaska suitable for electric power generation Identify potential geothermal development prospects Identify potential geothermal development prospects Drill and test seven deep geothermal wells to assess Takigami resource for electricity generation Exploit low grade geothermal resource for district heating Sponsor/Owner Los Alamos National Laboratory/U.S. Department of Energy Alaska Power Authority Idemitsu Kosan, Ltd. Japanese Government (MITI) Idemitsu Kosan, Ltd. San Bernardino Water Department Services Rendered Prime contractor in charge of entire laboratory and field program Prime contractor in charge of entire exploration, drilling, testing, and evaluation program Prime contractor for nationwide exploration program, including 26 temperature gradient holes Consultant to goverment manage- ment team. Performed integration of all subcontractor data into regional models for multiple prospective areas Supervise drilling, design test facilities, evaluate test data Review data, recommend drill sites, supervise drilling 9m€° 7 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. Name Sperry Conversion System Calcium Carbonate Scale in Porous Media Unalaska Power Geothermal Chemistry East Mesa Exploration and Development Westmorland Exploration and Development Niland Exploration Description Construct and test gravity head binary conversion power plant Investigate mechanisms of scale formation in the field Assess geothermal power plant feasibility for Unalaska Island Recommended sampling and analysis techniques for geothermal fluids in handbook form Drill, test and evaluate geo- thermal reservoir and wells Drill, test and evaluate geo- thermal reservoir and wells Drill, test and evaluate geo- thermal reservoir and wells Table & (Cont'd) Sponsor /Owner U.S. Department of Energy Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory/U.S. Department of Energy Alaska Power Authority TerraTek/U.S. Department of Energy Republic Geothermal, Inc. (in-house properties) Republic Geothermal, Inc. (in-house properties) Republic Geothermal, Inc. (in-house properties) Services Rendered Drill large diameter well, evaluate well capacity, operate test site Prime contractor in charge of experimental apparatus, field operations, and interpretation Investigate various conversion installations at remote Alaska site Contributed approximately one- half of handbook text Drilled and tested seven producers and three injectors. Conducted long-term flow tests and inter- ference tests. Performed multiple well and reservoir simulations to predict future performance and reserves. Sold to Ormat Systems for commercial development. Drilled and tested four producers and two injectors. Optioned to others for commercial development Drilled and tested two producers. Conducted long-term flow tests. Evaluated scaling, plugging, and corrosion potential of hyper- saline brine. Sold to Parsons Corp. for commercial development. S-E°9 14. 155 Name Niland Development General Exploration Western U.S. B. At Mesquite 1. 2. Ormesa Geothermal Project Pacific Lighting Energy System Prospect Review Description Drill, test and evaluate geo- thermal reservoir and wells Identify multiple exploration drilling prospects Develop East Mesa field (production and injection wells) sufficient to support 30 MW power plant now being fabricated offsite Assess feasibility of PLES developing various geothermal fields in the Imperial Valley, California Table I (Cont'd) Sponsor/Owner Parsons Corp. Republic Geothermal, Inc. (in-house work) Ormat Systems, Inc. /BGI Pacific Lighting Energy Systems Services Rendered Drilled and tested three producers. Conducted long-term flow tests. Predicted future well and reservoir performance. Complete exploration of over 170,000 acres of RGI leases. Surface mapping; soil and fluid sampling; magnetotelluric, re- sistivity, gravity, seismic, side-scan radar, and satellite photo survey planning supervision and analysis; drilled and measured over 200 temperature gradient holes; interpreted all data; identified 13 major prospects. Assemble and organize East Mesa field resource data and develop- ment history data. Assist operator in planning, logistics, construc- tion, and operation of tests for each existing well to establish current field capacity. Assess filter requirements for spent brine injection. Review and summarize parameters of available resources and est- imate field costs for various development scenarios. Review and comment on reports of others. Formulate and recommend test programs and development plans. 9-€°4 3. _ Name Salton Sea Deep Drilling Project Cove Fort, Utah San Ardo Field Injection Water Brady Hot Springs, Nevada Description Drill, core, and sample fluids from 2000 meters of interval beyond the 300° depth Evaluate reservoir for electrical generation potential Develop high temperature in- strumentation for measuring pressure, temperature, rate, sampling, etc. Develop high temperature in- strumentation for measuring pressure, temperature, rate, sampling, etc. Evaluate suitability of oil field waste water for reinjection Develop leases in Brady Hot Springs field to support two power plants now under construction Table I (Cont'd) Sponsor /Owner U.S. Department of Energy, National Science Foundation, U.S. Geological Survey, etc. Energy Services Squire-Whitehouse Inc. Sandia National Laboratory Texaco Munson Geothermal, Inc./ EG&G Hydro, Inc./ HydraCo Enterprises Services Rendered Sample produced fluids. Advise on pressure, temperature, and sampling instruments - downhole and surface. Review resource data and prepare report. Consulting on geothermal applica- tions. Deployment of geothermal instrumentation. Sample, analyze, interpret and report on feasibility. Plan and supervise drilling, well testing and evaluation MESQUITE GROUP, Inc. P.O. Box 1283 136 West Whiting Avenue, Suite C Fullerton, CA 92632 DON A. CAMPBELL SUMMARY & KEY QUALIFICATIONS Geothermal experience includes nine years managing all aspects of geothermal engineering and operations for an independent exploration and development company. Also managed multiple client geothermal research and development contracts, with emphasis on high-temperature well stimulation, advanced energy conversion technology, and exploration well drilling and evaluation. Thirteen years oil and gas reservoir engineering experience with a major company; including thermal recovery research and operations, CO. miscible flood design, waterflood design and operat:ions, reservoir simulation, evaluation of producing properties, reserve estimates, and exploration prospect evaluation. Capabilities and experience encompass engineering and operations management, reservoir engineering, reservoir simulation, reserve estimates, economic analysis, report writing, and presentations. EXPERIENCE Mesquite Group, Inc. 9/85 - Present Fullerton, CA President - Chief Executive Officer Responsible for management and reservoir engineering aspects of geothermal exploration and development projects. Management duties for clients include supervision of employees and subcontractors for engineering and field operations during drilling, well testing, workovers, and evaluation activities. Reservoir engineering duties include design and interpretation of well tests, reservoir simulations, production and reserve estimates, and economic analyses/evaluations. Republic Geothermal, Inc. 9/76 - 9/85 Santa Fe Springs, CA Vice President - Production Responsible for well drilling, workovers, field operations, testing, reservoir evaluations, field development planning, facilities design, power plant design, construction supervision, economic analyses, and funding proposals. Also managéd multiple government and private entity research and development contracts, with emphasis on high-temperature well stimulation, advanced energy conversion technology, and exploration well drilling. 4.3-7 Staff included drilling, reservoir, production, chemical, and facilities engineers, computer and instrument technicians, drilling and production superintendents, and support and operating staffs. Shell 0i1 Company 9/63 - 8/76 Houston, Los Angeles, Ventura Senior Staff Reservoir Engineer - Head Office E&P Recommended major investments to E&P Executive Vice President and coordinated preparation of annual company forecasts of economic premises, reserve additions, production, costs and revenues. Represented E&P on major task force studying future world-wide direction of Shell's business (20 year plan). Division Reservoir Engineer - Midcontinent Production Division Supervised Division's reservoir engineering staff. Involved engineering and proposals for all enhanced recovery (C02 and thermal), waterflooding, primary development, unitization and deep gas projects for over 1200 Shell-interest fields, plus division wildcat and producing property evaluations, reserve reports, budgets, forecasting, etc. Originated billion dollar Wasson Field C02 flood/McElmo Dome C02 source project. Staff Research Engineer - Shell Development Company, E&P Research Liaison between Shell Canada and 40 million dollar in-situ recovery tar sands research program. Supervised technicians in constructing, operating, and interpreting over 100 scaled thermal vacuum model experiments. Applied thermal reservoir simulators (under development) and transient pressure test analysis programs to many U.S. and Canadian operating division problems. Region/Area Reservoir Engineering Coordinator - Western Region/Pacific Coast Area Recommended major investment proposals to Region/Area E&P VP's, and coordinated Region/Area Production Department computer activities and annual Reserve Reports. Completed special studies on California Geothermal potential, Texas/New Mexico deep gas fields, and Alaskan gas production potential. Developed economic and engineering models used for Alaskan North Slope and Gulf of Alaska lease sales bidding. Division Operations Group Leader - Coastal Division Responsible for reservoir engineering staff and activities related to Division's primary development activities. Also responsible for Division's business planning, annual reserve report, property evaluations, and wildcat justifications and evaluations. Project Engineer - Coastal Division Responsible for reservoir and operations engineering, geology, and petrophysics for first thermal recovery project in U.S. 4.3-8 Supervised drilling and completion of over 150 new wells plus operation of over 300 wells. EDUCATION Occidental College - B.S. Geology - 1962 Scripps Institution of Oceanography, U.C.S.D. - MS Fq., Oceanography - 1963 Special Courses: Reservoir Engineering, Society of Petroleum Engineers Advanced Reservoir Engineering, Oil and Gas Consultants International Basic and Advanced Reservoir Engineering, Shell Oil Company Basic and Advanced Production Geology and Petrophysics, Shell Oil Company Engineering Computing, Shell Oil Company Reservoir Simulation, Shell 0i1 Company E & P Economics, Shell Oil Company Principles of Management, Shell Oil Company Profession of Management Series, Shell 0il Company and Southern Methodist University PROFESSIONAL ASSOCIATIONS Society of Petroleum Engineers of AIME Geothermal Resources Council 4.3-9 MESQUITE GROUP, Inc. P.O. Box 1283 136 West Whiting Avenue Suite C Fullerton, CA 92632 JOSEPH "SKIP" MATLICK III SUMMARY & KEY QUALIFICATIONS Ten years experience in the exploration and development of geothermal resources in the western United States, Japan, Alaska, the western Pacific, and the Caribbean using geological, geochemical, and geophysical techniques. Participated in the discovery of seven geothermal reservoirs of commercial potential and the development of five geothermal reservoirs. Exploration experience in volcanic, metamorphic, and sedimentary provinces utilizing geological, geochemical and geophysical techniques. Published several articles discussing these projects and is a recognized expert on mercury soil gas method. Development geology includes siting, drilling, and evaluating wells, and interpreting lithology and electrical logs to construct subsurface development maps. Registered Geologist EXPERIENCE Mesquite Group, Inc. 9/85 - Present Fullerton, CA Associate Geologist Provides geological assessments and support of geothermal exploration and development projects. These include the planning, implementation, and interpretation of geological, geochemical and geophysical programs. Republic Geothermal, Inc. 6/75 - 9/85 Santa Fe Springs, CA Senior Geologist Responsible for interpretation and modeling of geological, geochemical and geophysical data to define and evaluate geothermal resources. Supervised compilation and interpretations of geological, geothermal, geochemical, mercury soil gas, and geophysical data on Mt. Makushin Geothermal Field, Unalaska Island, Alaska. Supervised the collection, reduction, synthesis and modeling of geological, geochemical, and geophysical data at Medicine Lake Highlands, California, Dixie Valley, Nevada, and fifteen regions of Japan. 4.3-10 EDUCATION Participated in geothermal development projects at East Mesa, Niland, and Westmorland in the Imperial Valley region of California. Subsurface electrical and lithogical logs were correlated to construct cross-sections, structural contour maps and isopach profiles. These projects were undertaken in wells drilled to 12,000 feet in highly faulted deltaic sedimentary environments. Geologist 6/75 - 4/79 Supervised and participated in numerous temperature gradient well drilling programs throughout the western United States. These wells were drilled to provide data required to determine optimum sites for geothermal wildcat wells. Participated in geothermal wildcat and development well drilling programs in California and Utah. These wells were drilled in order to locate and exploit geothermal resources. Participated and supervised geothermal exploration programs in Japan, Nevada, Geysers, Imperial Valley, Cascades, Utah, Oregon, and Idaho. These included collecting, analyzing, and interpreting water, rock, gas, and soil samples to define potential geothermal resources. University of Oregon - BS Geology - 1973 Arizona State University - MS Geology - 1975 Numerous special classes and seminars 4.3-11 MESQUITE GROUP, Inc. P.O. Box 1283 136 West Whiting Avenue, Suite C Fullerton, CA 92632 THOMAS L. COOK, JR. SUMMARY & KEY QUALIFICATIONS Twenty-six years oil and gas experience with major company and two large independents, including management of all phases of drilling and production operations, with responsiblity for multi-million dollar budgets and as many as 225 employees. Extensive expertise in drilling engineering and supervision throughout the western U.S. Three years geothermal experience with independent developer and contract drilling company in the western U.S. and Japan. Managed drilling and production operations. Capabilities and experience include well design, drilling supervision, and management of drilling and production operations. State Contractors License No. 410079 EXPERIENCE Mesquite Group, Inc. 9/85 — Present Fullerton, CA Associate Drilling Manager Responsible for geothermal drilling engineering and Management, including well design, cost estimates, operations reviews, and drilling supervision. Thomas L. Cook - Consulting Engineer 1/85 - Present Irvine, CA Consulting engineer for various oil and gas exploration and development projects. Aminoil USA 8/83 - 1/85 Huntington Beach, CA Manager of Production - Pacific Area Accountable for oil and gas operations in California. Managed drilling, production, construction, engineering and joint venture operations groups (225 employees). Controlled capital budget of $64,000,000/year and expense budget = $43,000,000/year. 4.3-12 Husky Oil Company 4/82 - 8/83 Santa Maria, CA Producing Manager — Pacific Region Accountable for all regional drilling and production activities (6,000 BOPD). Managed 45 company employees and 100+ contractor employees. Directed development of the Tulare Lake Field, Kings County. Republic Geothermal, Inc. 6/79 - 4/82 Santa Fe Springs, CA Vice President of Operations Manager of drilling and production operations in U.S., Japan, and Alaska. Handled joint venture negotiations, and contract management. Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer of Republic Drilling Company. Mobil Oil Corporation 7/57 - 6/79 Denver, Los Angeles, Anchorage, Santa Fe Springs Division Drilling Manager - Western Division Manager of drilling for all of West Coast and Alaska. Planned and directed drilling operations on and offshore. Drilling and Production Superintendent - California Area Planned and directed drilling operations throughout West Coast area and offshore California. Production Superintendent duties included management responsibility for 14,000 B/D of production. In addition: 1) participated in engineering study of East Coast offshore operations for Mobil Canada; 2) participated in three month onsite engineering task force study of Aramco drilling operations - Saudi Arabia. Division Drilling and Production Superintendeat - Alaska Supervised drilling and production operations in Cook Inlet (10,000 B/D) and North Slope areas. Drilling Superintendent - Coastal Area Supervised drilling operations in sensitive town lot areas, and on offshore floating exploration programs. Rebuilt drilling department. Drilling Engineer Various drilling, production, and construction assignments. Education University of California, Berkeley - BSPE - 1957 Military Service U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, 1951-1954. Fine] assignment: C/O Engr. Construction Co. (2nd Lt.) a ae39 MESQUITE GROUP, Inc. P.O. Box 1283 136 West Whiting Avenue, Suite C Fullerton, CA 92632 CARL E, FISHER SUMMARY _& KEY QUALIFICATIONS Geothermal experience includes eight years as production superintendent directly responsible for field employees and subcontractors engaged in facilities construction, well test operations, pump installations, well workovers and drilling operations support. Oil and gas experience includes thirteen years as a major oil company production foreman responsible for facilities construction and operation, installation and operation of all types of artificial lift, and general lease operations and maintenance. Capabilities and experience encompass direct supervision of field personnel and subcontractors in all aspects of geothermal and oil and gas production operations. EXPERIENCE Mesquite Group, Inc. 9/85 - Present Fullerton, CA Vice President - Operations Responsible for direct supervision of operators and subcontractors in execution of geothermal field development activities. Republic Geothermal, Inc. 9/77 - 9/85 Santa Fe Springs, CA Production Superintendent Responsible for construction of well testing and injection facilities. Supervised testing of exploration and development wells, well workovers and stimulations. Shell Oil Company 8/68 - 8/77 Houston, Los Angeles, Ventura Production Foreman Directly accountable for one of the larger operating units in Shell with forty people, including two Maintenance Foremen. Operated waterflood and high-volume deep artificial lift equipment including electric submersible pumps, rod pumps, hydraulic pumps and gas lift. 43-14 Division Training Specialist Developed division training programs and assist:ed field foremen in training of operating personnel. Maintenance Foreman Duties included maintenance and repair for all surface production equipment used in producing operations. This equipment comprised: fresh and waste water treatment facilities, steam generators, heater treaters, wash and stock tanks, pumping units, pipelines, and gas compressors. Field Operations Assistant Assisted foreman in operation of production unit which was relatively active in terms of drilling new wells, constructing new production handling facilities and installing steam generators for heavy-oil thermal operations. we Army 9/66 - 7/68 ietnam Drafted and spent sixteen months in Vietnam, Awarded usual military awards and ribbons, plus Army Commendation and Bronze Star Medals for service. Honorably discharged as a Specialist 5. EDUCATION San Jose State University - BA Social Science - 1964 4.3-15 MESQUITE GROUP, Inc. P.O. Box 1283 136 West Whiting Avenue, Suite C Fullerton, CA 92632 DONALD E. MICHELS SUMMARY & KEY QUALIFICATIONS Over the past twenty years he has gained a broad interdisciplinary background in geology, chemistry, materials science, engineering and experimental design. Eight years experience in measuring and defining the chemistries of geothermal brines which affect their producibility and industrial potential. These are especially valuable to the design stages of fluid production facilities, for assuring the workability of energy extraction systems and for troubleshooting. Capabilites include design and setup of field experiments and tests to acquire critical data, technical evaluations, proposal and report writing, and presentations. EXPERIENCE Mesquite Group, Inc. 9/85 - Present Fullerton, CA Associate Geochemist Provides chemical assessments and technical support for all aspects of geothermal fluid behavior in wellbores and surface facilities. These include scale deposition and control, two-phase flow modified by gases and dissolved salts, corrosion, brine processing, minerals recovery, brine disposal, environment, and troubleshooting. Don Michels Associates . 4/85 - Present Whitter, CA Consultant Geochemist Provides a full range of geochemical consultant services to clients in industry, government, and education. Republic Geothermal, Inc. 10/77 - 4/85 Santa Fe Springs, CA Manager, Geochemical Engineering Responsible for acquiring and interpreting all chemical data about produced geothermal liquids, gases, and scales. Acquired research contracts and interfaced with other engineers regarding drilling, well completion, materials selection, reservoir evaluation, power plant design, and environmental issues. 4.3-16 Idaho National Engineering Laboratory 12/73 - 9/77 Idaho Falls, ID Research Scientist for laboratory studies of mineral formation related to geothermal scales. Environmental Scientist for issues of nuclear waste management. Dow Chemical Company 7/68 - 11/73 Rocky Flats Plant Golden, CO Environmental Scientist studying emissions and dispersions of man-made radio elements. Materials Scientist developing ceramics and metals with special properties. National Academy of Sciences 5/67 - 7/68 National Research Council Washington, D.C. Executive Secretary to committees on: Resources and Man; Water; Geochemistry; and Rock Mechanics. Corning Glass Works 9/66 - 5/67 Corning, NY Scientist for developing low-expansion glass-ceramics and industrial refractory ceramics. EDUCATION Colorado School of Mines - BS Geological Engineer - 1959 Colorado School of Mines - MS Geochemistry - 1961 Colorado School of Mines - D.Sc. Geochemistry - 1956 PROFESSIONAL ASSOCIATIONS Member, Geothermal Resources Council Member, American Association for the Advancement of Science PUBLICATIONS Many papers, reports, and articles 4.3-17 MESQUITE GROUP, Inc. P.O. Box 1283 136 West Whiting Avenue, Suite C Fullerton, CA 92632 SUSAN PETTY SUMMARY & KEY QUALIFICATIONS Planned and managed national programs studying reservoir engineering methods from low to moderate temperature geothermal systems and the movement of injected fluid in fractured rock. Managed field testing and evaluation of geothermal wells for power generation. Provided technical assistance for the testing of small to large geothermal wells in Utah, Idaho, Colorado, Montana, California and British Columbia. Managed well testing operations from planning and design through equipment ordering and construction to final analysis and report preparation. Experienced in numerical modeling of fluid injection, particularly injection well clogging. Performed technical analysis on fracture stimulation projects at Raft River; Fenton Hill, NM; and the North Sea. EXPERIENCE Mesquite Group, Inc. 9/85 - Present Fullerton, CA Associate Reservoir Engineering/Hydrologist. Provides test planning, instrumentation planning, data collection and evaluation for geothermal and groundwater projects. Works with National Laboratories and clients on development of severe environment borehole instrumentation. Susan Petty Consulting 7/84 - Present Del Mar, CA Independent consultant Work with geothermal and petroleum industries in the area of reservoir evaluation and analysis, including surface and downhole instrumentation, field operations supervision, petroleum property evaluations, preparation of course manuals and teaching of drilling and wellbore technology for severe environments. Well Production Testing, Inc. 7/81 - 7/84 Carlsbad, CA Secretary/Treasurer and Reservoir Engineering Manager Managed reservoir assessment projects throughout the western U.S. and Canada. Supervised collection of reservoir data and performed analysis for resource evaluation. 4,3-18 EG&G Idaho, Inc. , 11/79 - 7/81 Idaho, Falls, ID Project Manager and Senior Scientist, Geothermal Reservoir Engineering Provided management of geothermal well testing at the Raft River Geothermal Project. Collected and analyzed well test data. Provided technical assistance on direct use and electrical generation projects including well test planning, pump sizing and selection, pump testing, and injection well design and siting. Department of Energy 1976 - 1979 Department of Defense and Environmental Protection Agency Trust Territories, Pacific Islands Consultant During graduate studies drilled and tested water wells on Enewetak Atoll for study of travel of radioactive isotopes. Drilled coral reef using diver operated underwater drilling equipment. Evaluated contamination of groundwater in Marianas, Caroline and Marshal Islands. Delaware Geological Survey 1975 - 1976 Newark, Delaware Project Manager Evaluated recharge to major aquifers in Delaware. Supervised siting, drilling, testing and evaluation of 58 wells. Assisted with siting of water wells in fractured crystalline rock and investigation of groundwater contamination from major landfill. Environmental Concern, Inc. 1973 - 1975 St. Michaels, Maryland Geologist Evaluated wetlands stabilization sites. EDUCATION Princeton University - BA Geology - 1973 University of Hawaii - MS - Hydrology - 1979 Special Classes and Seminars: Management Training Seminar, EG&G, Idaho, 1980 Technical Writing, EG&G, Idaho, 1980 Geothermal Reservoir Engineering, GRC, Sacramento, CA, 1981 (Presented section on testing low to moderate temperature wells.) PROFESSIONAL ASSOCIATIONS: Society of Petroleum Engineers of AIME, President San Diego’ Section, 1984 Geothermal Resources Council 4.3=19 MESQUITE GROUP, Inc. . P.O. Box 1283 136 West Whiting Avenue, Suite C Fullerton, CA 92632 ROBERT V. VERITY SUMMARY & KEY QUALIFICATIONS Nine years geothermal experience including test facility engineering, well completion design, testing, stimulation, workovers and pumping for geothermal wells. Ten years oil and gas production experience including field facilities engineering, well completion design, workovers, stimuletion and artificial lift for conventional on-shore and steam-enhanced oil production. Capabilities and experience encompass engineering and project management, technical supervision of engineers, direction of field operations, technical report writing and formal presentations. Registered Professional Engineer. MSME Stanford graduate. EXPERIENCE Mesquite Group, Inc. 9/85 - Present Fullerton, CA Vice President - Engineering Responsible for production engineering and related aspects of geothermal development projects for various clients. Republic Geothermal, Inc. 9/76 - 8/85 Santa Fe Springs, CA Manager — Production Engineering Responsible for production engineering aspects of Republic's own geothermal development projects and outside projects for which Republic was contracted to provide technical services. Duties included engineering and field supervision of geothermal well testing, stimulation, and pumping; completion design for deep, high-temperature wells, engineering analysis of production logs, wellbore flow and heat transfer. Managed stimulation treatment design and field experiment execution phases of U.S. Dept. of Energy-sponsored 5-year R&D program in geothermal well stimulation. i 4.3-20 Shell Oil Company 6/66 - 8/76 Houston, Los Angeles, Bakersfield, Ventura EDUCATION Senior Production Engineer Member of task force for field development planning in the Altamont oil field, Utah. Senior Production Engineer - Production Research Design and feasibility studies for in-situ thermal recovery processes in oil shale and tar sands. Production Engineer and Engineering Group Leader Design of well completions, workovers, stimulation and pumping for thermal oil recovery projects in the San Joaquin Valley, California. Facilities and Production Engineer Project engineer for design and construction of automated high-pressure waterflood plants for secondary oil recovery and hydraulic pumping systems for deep, high-capacity wells in the Ventura oil field, California. Stanford University - MS Mechanical Engineering -- 1966 University of Arizona - BS Mechanical Engineering - 1965 Special Classes and Seminars: Petroleum Engineering Review, University of Southern California, 1985 Pumping of Geothermal Brine, Geothermal Resources Council, Los Angeles, CA, 1984 (Presented one section of the course on downhole pumps) Managing People, The Wharton School, 1981 Two-Phase Flow in Pipes, Intercomp/Human Resources Development Corporation, Houston, TX, 1973 PROFESSIONAL ASSOCIATIONS Member of Society of Petroleum Engineers of AIME Member of Geothermal Resources Council 4.3-21 MESQUITE GROUP, Inc. P.O. Box 1283 136 West Whiting Avenue, Suite C Fullerton, CA 92632 STEPHEN H. WILLIAMS SUMMARY & KEY QUALIFICATIONS Twenty years experience in management of all aspects of scientific and commercial data processing. Design, development and administration of geothermal well and reservoir modeling, production data analysis, accounting, statistical analysis, project control, customer service, financial modeling, and security systems. EXPERIENCE Mesquite Group, Inc. 1985 - Present Fullerton, CA Vice President - Administration Responsible for all corporate administrative functions as well as all scientific and engineering data acquisition and analysis for clients' projects. Republic Geothermal, Inc. 1978 - 1985 Santa Fe Springs, CA Manager of Technical Services Responsible for corporate scientific data processing functions. Duties included design, development, and maintenance of numerous scientific data management systems, geothermal well and reservoir modeling systems, and systems for graphics presentation of scientific data. Southern California Edison 1978 - 1980 Rosemead, CA Data Processing Consultant Responsible for evaluation and improvement of data processing methodologies for a staff of 450 professional programmers and analysts. Also responsible for hardware and software security and integrity systems for a 1500-terminal online network. Iowa-Illinois Gas and Electric Co. 1968 - 1978 Davenport, IA Director of Data Processing Executive responsible for a staff of 60 and all corporate data processing. 4.3=22 Supervisor of Software Development In charge of application development, shareholder records, materials management, and various scientific and engineering applications. Staff Analyst to Director Responsible for benchmark hardware and software computer systems, and developing data processing standards and training program. University of Illinois 1965 - 1.968 Urbana, IL Supervisor, System Programming Supervised four systems programmers responsible for installation and operation of operating systems software and consulting to a staff of 120 programmers. , EDUCATION University of Illinois - MS Mathematics - 1965 University of Illinois - BS Mathematics - 1960 University of Michigan - Public Utility Executive Program - 1976 3.3-23 5.0 COST PROPOSAL 5.1 PROPOSAL PRICE The manpower loading schedule presented in Table 3.1, above, is the basis for our cost proposal. Billing rates, with supporting factors for fringe bene- fits, overheads and General and Administrative Expense, and fee were applied to the staffing schedule to yield total labor costs for the team. Materials, supplies, and outside services costs were then estimated and added to labor costs. Table 5.1 presents the consolidated cost proposal. The details of the table comprise the narrative of the budget, i.e., total costs by staff member are indicated for each firm on the team. The footnotes to the table provide a breakdown of billing rate factors and expense items. As indicated at the bot- tom, the total value of labor and expenses is estimated at $224,550, distributed as follows: Dames & Moore direct labor $ 79,323 SAI Engineers direct labor 106,848 ° Mesquite Group direct labor 14,320 Subtotal direct labor $200,491 Travel and per diem expenses 8,000 Report production expense 2,000 \f Computer, communications, etc. 8,000 , Subtotal expenses $ 18,000 s x 5% fee on subcontractor's labor 6,058 Total project cost $224,550 * ; Dames & Moore will not exceed this amount without the express authorization of the APA contracting officer or his representative. This offer is good for 60 days. We estimate that approximately $70,000 of this budget will be expended in Alaska, comprising the salaries and overheads of our Anchorage office staff plus travel and subsistence expenses in state. As will be noted in the table, Dames & Moore's fringe benefit and overhead rates are those presently in force in our contract with APA on the Bradley Lake hydro project (fringe benefits at 39.0 MLF7/D 5-1 percent of base salary and G&A/overhead at 105.0 percent of salary plus fringe). Our fee on our own labor cost is 10 percent on the loaded salary rate. Our handling fee for subcontractors' costs is 5.0 percent. All other terms and conditions of work shall be in conformance with our Standard Schedule of Charges, a copy of which is attached. 5.2 COMMITMENTS Dames & Moore will perform all financial responsibilities relative to per formance of the proposed contract, including submitting all vouchers, accounting for all funds, and making all disbursements. Samples of our standard accounting statements are attached. 5.3 FINANCIAL AND BUSINESS INFORMATION Dames & Moore's financial status for its 1984-85 fiscal year is presented in Table 5.2. Unaudited results for fiscal year 1985-86 indicate total fees earned of $68.4 million, total assets of $36.9 million, long-term debt of $684,000, and owner's equity of $25.3 million. The firm is fully capable of meeting its com mitment for project performance. MLF7/D 5-2 Table 5.2 DAMES & MOORE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS for the fiscal year ended March 29, 1985 Current Assets $30,665,000 Current Liabilities 16,917,000 Net Working Capital 13,748,000 Ratio of Current Assets to Current Liabilities 1.8 Total Assets 35,595,000 Long Term Debt - 3,246,000 Owners’ Equity 15,071,000 Fees Earned 56,979,000 Year End Backlog 24,929,000 BANK REFERENCES Mr. Ozelle Jones, Jr. Lloyds Bank California 612 South Flower Street Los Angeles, California 90017 Mr. James T. Booker Bank of America International Banking Officer 555 South Flower Street Los Angeles, California 90071 The firm has formal short-term lines of credit agreements with financial institutions totaling $16,500,000. SCHEDULE OF CHARGES AND GENERAL CONDITIONS DAMES & MOORE UNITED STATES AND CANADA The compensation to Dames & Moore for our professional services is based upon and measured by the following elements which are computed as set forth below. PERSONNEL CHARGES Charges for employees are computed by multiplying the total direct salary cost of our per- sonnel (expressed as an hourly rate) by a factor of 2.5. The total direct salary cost shall be a sum equal to the direct payroll cost (computed by dividing the annual payroll cost by 1,940 hours) plus 30 percent of same to cover payroll taxes, insurance incident to employment, sick leave and other employee benefits. The time of a partner or retained consultant devoted to the project is charged at an assigned billing rate. The 30 percent employee benefit factor is used for work performed by personnel assigned to offices in the United States and Canada. For work performed by personnel in our offices in other countries, it will vary depending on the employee benefits paid in the particular location. When outside the United States, employees’ and partners’ total direct salary cost will be increased by the premium customarily paid by other organizations for work at that loca- tion. Time spent in either local or inter-city travel, when travel is in the interest of the work, will be charged for in accordance with the foregoing schedule; when traveling by public carrier, a maximum charge of eight hours per day will be made. EQUIPMENT CHARGES Computer control of project costs will be billed at a rate of $1.25 per each $50 of job charges or fraction thereof. Other Dames & Moore equipment, if uved, will be billed at the rates noted in the Appendix. OTHER SERVICES AND SUPPLIES Charges for services, equipment and facilities not furnished directly by Dames & Moore, and any unusual items of expense not customarily incurred in our normal operations, are computed as follows: Cost plus 10 percent includes shipping charges, subsistence, transportation, printing and reproduction, long distance communication, miscellaneous supplies and rentals. Cost plus 15 percent includes surveying services, land drilling equipment, construction equipment, testing laboratories, contract labor. Cost plus 25 percent includes aircraft, watercraft, helicopter and marine drilling equip- ment and operation. BILLING Statements will be issued every four weeks, payable upon receipt, unless otherwise agreed. Interest of 14% per month (but not exceeding the maximum rate allowable by law) will be payable on any amounts not paid within 30 days, payment thereafter t:o be applied first to accrued interest and then to the principal unpaid eamount. Any attorney's fees or other costs incurred in collecting any delinquent amount shall be paid by t:he Client. In the event that the Client requests termination of the work prior to completion of a Teport, we reserve the right to complete such analyses and records as are necessary to place our files in order and, where considered by us necessary to protect our professional reputation, to complete a report on the work performed to date. A termination charge to cover the cost thereof in an amount not to exceed 30 percent of all charges incurred up to the date of the stoppage of the work may, at the discretion of Dames & Moore, be made. Rates are subject to change upon notification. ADMIN 2/G WARRANTY AND LIABILITY Dames & Moore warrants that our services are performed, within the limits prescribed by our Clients, with the usual thoroughness and competence of the engineering profession. No other warranty or representation, either expressed or implied, is included or intended in our proposals, contracts or reports. It is agreed that Dames & Moore h neither created nor contributed to the creation or existence of any hazardous, radioactive, toxic, irritant, pollutant, or otherwise dangerous substance or condition at the site, and our compensation hereunder is in no way commensurate with the potential risk of injury or loss that may be caused by exposures to such substances or conditions. Accordingly, Dames & Moore's liability for all actions, omissions, or negligence, whether active or passive, shall not exceed $100,000 for injury or loss arising out of (1) radiation, nuclear reaction, or radioactive contamination; and/or (2) any release or escape of toxic, irritant, pollutant, or waste gases, liquids, or solid materials. This limit may be increased up to $1,000,000 for injury or loss arising out of category (2) upon the Client's written request and agreement to pay an additional fee of 1/2% of any increase. Dames & Moore's liability for injury or loss not described above shall not exceed $100,000 for professional and $5,000,000 for all other actions, omissions, or negligence, whether active or passive. This limit may be increased up to $1,000,000 for professional liabi- lity upon the Client's written request and agreement to pay an additional fee of 1/102 of any increase. All limit increases must be requested before commencement of services. The Client agrees to defend, indemnify, and hold Dames & Moore harmless from any clai liability, or defense cost in excess of the limits determined above for injury or loss sustained by any party from exposures allegedly arising out of or related to Dames & Moore's performance of services hereunder. In the event the Client makes a claim against Dames & Moore, at law or otherwise, for any alleged error, omission or other act arising out of the performance of our professional services, and the Client fails to prove such claim, then the Client shall pay all costs, including attorney's fees, incurred by Dames & Moore in defending itself against the claim. LIABILITY LIMITS AUTHORIZED Environmental Impairment Liability** Professional Liability Limits Selected $ /00,6@5 $ 1020 2099 Annual Fees* $ a $ a> Client Consultant/Engineer Firm Name Dames & Moore Firm Address Signed By Title Date Dames & Moore Job No./Description *No fee for first $100,000 of limit selected. w*Non-nuclear seepage and pollution liability. SCHEDULE OF CHARGES — APPENDIX Dames & Moore EQUIPMENT AUTOMOTIVE Vehicle; per hour (maximum‘of 8;hours (per day) )jj sii. mos) wide Gime o ls ellen seine whe $ 4.00 Ne arte eat ster timer es eel iT InTime ates aed RIB ae Ree tt UT 2. ae SOIL Soil sampling and compaction control equipment, per shifthour ............. $ 5.00 Soll seumee tings andl centainess, por mmplg on ke ee ee ee $ 5.00 LABORATORY Soil, water and biologic testing equipment — peremployee, perhour ........... $ 10.00 Dynamic Testing Equipment will be quoted as required DIVING SCUBA: diving; Per Givers penidayl|| Lal eksl abs oi nest ueicukceucpetartert er antares perpen sit at sof aiiYe tio $100.00 REPORT PREPARATION Wel Peete Bait, Ser eee ee ee $ 10.00 ee eg er eee ear i a ee SO ENGINEERING COMPUTER SERVICES The use of Dames & Moore’s in-house computer facilities will be charged in accordance with the “Engineering Computer Applications Billing Schedule” (attached). Computer time and other services provided by outside vendors will be charged at cost plus 15%. Terminals, plotters, forms, and computer supplies will be charged at cost plus 15%. FIELD Because of the varied nature of equipment, location and use, these rates will be quoted as required. 115.4 (REV. 2.82) TABLE 5.1: UNALASKA GEOTHERMAL PROJECT: PROPOSAL PRICE ESTIMATE DAMES & MOORE LABOR COSTS PROJECT STAFF: HEMMING FELDMAN KNECHT MCCANN MORSELL HOUGHTON OEARTH BREWER UMENHOFER KRZNSKY CLER/ POSITION: DIR/BIOL MGR/ECON ECON ECON AQ BIO MAR. BIO HYOROL AIR QUAL AIR QUAL GEOTECH SUPPORT woee----- 22-22 ---------=-- (ener e enna anne nnn nn nnn nn nn nnn nnn nnn nnn nnn nee nn oo oon ooo one 2-22 += + 22 2-2-2 -- +--+ - +--+) Salary Rate per Hour: $30.77 $25.77 $29.39 $14.95 $28.35 = $27.32 $21.34 = $30.93 $29.90 $36.92 $10.77 Fringe Benefit Cost (1)(2): 12.00 10.05 11.46 5.83 11.06 10.66 8.32 12.06 11.66 14.40 4.20 Gen. & Admin. Cost (1)(2): 44.91 37.61 42.89 21.83 41.38 39.88 31.14 45.14 43.64 53.89 15.72 Fee (1)(2): 8.77 7.34 8.37 4.26 8.08 7.79 6.08 8.81 8.52 10.52 3.07 Total Billing Rate/Hour: $96.44 $80.78 $92.11 $46.87 $88.86 $85.64 $66.87 $96.95 $93.73 $115.73 $33.75 er re er er re wen eee eee Cpe rrr rr rn srr rr rr re re rs rer ee re ee ee ne no en ne nn nnn nn nn =) oer e eee TASK: (OPTION) (OPTION) 1. GEOTHERMAL SYSTEMS $0 $3,231 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 2. TRANSMISSION 0 1,292 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4,629 0 3. FACILITIES 0 1,939 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4,051 0 4. ENVIRONMENTAL 3,858 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.1 FLUIOS 0 0 0 eh tis 0 0 0 0 0 4.2 CONSTRUCTION 1,929 0 0 0 61,777 1,713 1,337 0 0 0 0 4.3 AIR QUALITY(*) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.4 PERMITTING 0 0 0 GO, - 3,555 0 0 0 0 0 0 5. HEAT USE 1,543 1,292 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 §. ECONOMICS 0 6,462 2,947 3,750 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1. CONCEPTUAL DESIGN 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8. REPORT PREPARATION 3,858 9,694 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7,426 9. PROJECT MANAGEMENT 3,086 = 6, 462 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 TOTAL D&M LABOR COSTS $14,274 $30,374 = $2,947 $3,750 $7,109 $3,426 «= $1,337 $1,939" $1,875* $8,680 $7,426 * Optional service: see Section 2.4 $19, 323 SAI ENGINEERING, INC. LABOR COSTS MESQUITE LABOR COSTS PROJECT STAFF (CONT.): MEMBRENO NEEDHAM WEIBOLD HEPPONSTL DULUDE INGRAHAM JOHNSTON STAFF DRAFTING SUPPORT CAMPBELL MATLIK COOK FISHER POSITION. PI ENGR PWRPLT PWRPLT TRANSM PLT.CONST PI UTIL PWRPLT ENGINEER RESOURCE GEOL DRILL EN PROD.EN son ee nnn ne ne nnn nnn nn nen en eee (nec en nen en eee nne nen renee nnn enn nnn nnn ener nen nn nnn naneneeeneenen en ---=> (nec e een nn nnn e rene nnn ne nee ne nee ed Salary Rate per Hour: $40.05 $34.06 $34.08 $34.08 $34.06 $34.08 $11.21 NA NA NA NA Fringe Benefit Cost (1)(2): NA NA NA NA NA NA NA (3) (3) (3) (3) Gen. & Admin. Cost (1)(2): $0.86 43.23 43.23 43.23 43.23 43.23 14.26 (3) (3) (3) (3) TOTAL Fee (1)(2): 9.09 1.73 1.73 1.13 1.73 1.13 2.55 SUBTOT. (3) (3) (3) (3) SUBTOT. ALL Total Billing Rate/Hour: $100.00 $85.00 $85.00 $85.00 $85.00 $85.00 $28.00 SAT $75.00 $56.00 $75.00 $63.00 MESQUITE FIRMS TA 1. GEOTHERMAL SYSTEMS $4,000 $10,200 $3,400 $0 $0 $3,400 $8,040 $7,840 $3,060 $1,120 $41,060 $1,800 $3,584 $1,800 $5,040 $12,224 $56,515 2. TRANSMISSION 1,000 0 0 3,400 0 1,700 0 2,466 = 2,720 448 11,732 600 448 0 0 1,068 = 18,702 3. FACILITIES 0 1,700 3,400 0 = 2,720 0 0 = 4,592 0 448 12,860 0 44g 0 0 448 19,297 4. ENVIRONMENTAL 0 0 = 1,020 0 0 0 1,608 0 0 202,780 0 0 0 0 0 6,598 4.1 FLUIDS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3,490 4.2 CONSTRUCTION 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6,756 4.3 AIR QUALITY 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.4 PERMITTING 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 = 3,555 5. HEAT USE 0 = 1,360 0 0 0 0 2,166 1,344 0 224 §,072 0 0 0 0 0 = 7,908 6. ECONOMICS 800 = 2,040 = 3,400 0 0 0 = 1,608 0 0 224 8,072 0 0 0 0 0 21,232 1. CONCEPTUAL DESIGN 1,600 2,720 2,720 = 2,080 0 0 2,680 4,032 4,080 672 20,544 0 0 0 0 0 20,544 8. REPORT PREPARATION 1,600 0 1,360 1,360 0 0 0 0 0 448 4,768 600 0 0 0 600 = 26, 346 9. PROJECT MANAGEMENT 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9,549 TOTAL SAI/MSQTE LBR COSTS $9,000 $18,020 $15,300 $6,800 $2,720 $5,100 $16,080 $20,272 $9,860 $3,696 $106,648 $3,000 $4,480 $1,800 $5,040 $14,320 $200,491 Exsessssssecscssrsssssszssesseeresszsssestseessessrsesesssssessss5s282s32523zss2szssrassssss2srsssesessersssssesTLessLsssesssssissssstssss=s=zsssszrssessssassrsersszrrszzzz35z22243 ‘SUMMARY : LABOR COSTS (FULLY LOADED): TOTAL EXPENSES DAMES & MOORE $79,323 $76 TRAVEL & PER DIEM (4) $8,000 SUBCONTRACTORS: REPORT PRODUCTION--COPYING 2,000 SAI $106,848 $111 COMPUTER, COMM., MISC. (5) 8,000 MESQUITE 14,320 $13 SUBTOTAL EXPENSES $18,000 SUBTOTAL LABOR $200,491 $200 FEE ON SUBCONTRACTORS (5.0%) 6,058 TOTAL LABOR & EXPENSES $224,550 NOTES: Factor Rates: (1) D&M (2) SAI (3) Mesquite (4) Travel and Per Diem on basis of one trip each for two D&M, one SAI, Fringe Benefits: 39.0% NA ) and one Mesquite employees, between California and Unalaska via Anchorage, Gen.& Admin: 105.0% 127.08 —} Lump Sum plus travel to site via helicopter, 6 hrs. @ $750. Per diem Fee: 10.08 10.08 } Quote calculated @ $125 for 15 person-days (5 persons x 3 days each). Chernofski Harbor Development Plan Chernofski Harbor Development Plan State of Alaska Department of Transportation & Public Facilities Chernofski Harbor Steering Committee: Kit Duke; Director, Central Division, Transportation, Plan- ning and Programming; Department of Transportation and Public Facilities; State of Alaska Larry Merculieff, President, Tanadgusix Village Corporation Kay Poland, Director, Office of Commercial Fisheries Devel- opment; Department of Commerce and Economic Develop- ment; State of Alaska Support Staff: Central Division, Transportation, Planning and Programming; Department of Transportation and Public Facilities Riley Snell, Deputy Director, Central Division A. Reed Gibby, Regional Planning Manager Gary Hennigh, Assistant Regional Planning Manager James B. Edwards, Southwest Alaska, Transportation Planner Murph O’Brien, Project Manager, October 1981- January 1982 Walt Downs, Project Manager, April - September 1981 Prepared by: Dames & Moore CCC Architects and Planners Andersen-Bjornstad-Kane-Jacobs Norgaard (USA) Inc. Mark I. Hutton & Associates Report produced and designed by CCC Architects and Planners. December, 1981 TABLE OF CONTENTS Oe nu . Introduction: A Conceptual Development Plan for Chernofski . Chernofski: A Natural Deepwater Harbor . Major Objectives of This Study . Reconnaissance Report: Harbor and Uplands Suited for Development . A Fisheries Development Scenario . The Development Plan . Development Phasing and Capital Costs . Steps Toward Implementation Page i) an > 14 16 1. INTRODUCTION: A CONCEPTUAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN FOR CHERNOFSKI This report is an overview of a conceptual development plan for Chernofski. The harbor is among the few protected nat- ural deepwater harbors in the Aleutian Islands. The plan is based on a reconnaissance of the natural features of the site and a reasonable projection of economic activity that could occur there. According to the plan, Chernofski would become a permanent community of about 600 people supported by fish processing and fishing. The site easily accommodates the industrial and community facilities required by a major re- mote fisheries development center. This report summarizes the major findings of a series of technical memoranda prepared in the course of the planning process. The individual papers in that series are listed inside the back cover. 2. CHERNOFSKI: A NATURAL DEEPWATER HARBOR Chernofski is a sheltered, natural deepwater harbor on Una- laska Island in the Aleutian Chain. It is approximately 70 air miles from the city of Unalaska and 860 air miles from An- chorage. Chernofski is a former Aleut village site, abandoned after a 1920 flu epidemic which decimated the population. During World War II, Chernofski was used as a U.S. military base; delapidated docks and quonset huts remain from that period. Land around the harbor is in private ownership. Tanadgusix Corporation (TDX), the native village corporation of St. Paul Island, has selected certain uplands at Chernofski under pro- visions of the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act of 1971 (the full village entitlement could not be fulfilled on St. Paul Island). A small amount of Chernofski uplands is owned by other private interests. Currently, the only commercial activi- ties at Chernofski are a sheep ranch and crab pot storage. Due to anticipated resource development in the Aleutian Is- lands, and constraints on existing communities on future growth, the Alaska Legislature appropriated money to the Department of Transportation and Public Facilities to study the potential for industrial development at Chernofski. This development plan is the result. ~ ° Dutch Harbor/Unalaska Unalaska Island x Chernofski Harbor Project Location So oe Chernofski Harbor Development Plan Norgaard (USA) Inc. Unalaska Island, Alaska DOT/PF 3. MAJOR OBJECTIVES OF THIS STUDY This planning study met three major objectives: 1. Investigation of the suitability of the harbor and uplands at Chernofski for industrial development. The physical characteristics of the harbor and uplands were assessed through a field reconnaissance by engi- neers and planners, and by a search of literature and published data. A detailed field engineering program, including laboratory analysis of soil samples, measure- ment of annual stream flows, evaluation of harbor currents and bathymetry, identification of significant anthropological resources, and related studies, was be- yond the scope of this project. These studies will be required prior to actual engineering design. 2. Identification of the most likely pattern of economic activi- ty to occur at Chernofski. Alternative development scenarios were examined, based on assumptions about the development potential of Chernofski. The two major development activities considered were fisheries and Outer Continental Shelf (OCS) oil exploration. The selected scenario focuses on incremental development of the rich fisheries resources of the Chernofski area, but also provides for OCS acti- vity and other incidental industries. 3. Preparation of a harbor development plan based on the above investigations. A community plan was prepared that matches the phy- sical characteristics of the site with the facilities required by the development scenario. 4. RECONNAISSANCE REPORT: HARBOR AND UPLANDS SUITED FOR DEVELOPMENT Chernofski has excellent development potential. There is deep water close to shore (for example, 36’ depths are found from 200 to 350 feet from the shoreline in Mutton Cove). The harbor is sheltered from waves; there is adequate area to turn and maneuver large vessels; no significant navigational hazards exist; and exposure to tsunamis is slight. Level, well-drained land exists at several locations near tide- water. The most promising of these for development purposes is at the north end of Mutton Cove. This area has approxi- mately 15 acres with good soil foundation conditions, and it is well situated for a processing waste outfall line. An alterna- tive buildable site is at the mouth of Chernofski Creek. This site is less desirable because water depth at shoreside is shal- low and dredging could be required. In addition, a break- water along the creek side might be necessary to prevent silt from refilling the dredged harbor. Ample fresh-water appears to be available from Pump Creek and Chernofski Creek. Pump Creek, the first choice for fresh- water supply because of its proximity to the preferred indus- trial site at Mutton Cove, was estimated to have a flow of 2,000 gallons per minute during the reconnaissance survey in June 1981. More detailed measurements of the year-round flow in Pump Creek are proposed. Two potential airstrip sites are available, although neither will allow a runway of more than 3,000 feet without major de- velopment efforts. The preferred site, in consideration of soil conditions and terrain, is the southwest side of the Chernof- ski Creek tidelands. ll ( O-> Water Source Level Land at Tidewater we Steep Slopes Shallows Alternative Airport Sites Development Suitability Chernofski Creek ©) > Dames & Moore 3900 cCC+ eet ABKY, Inc. Norgaard (USA)Inc. Chernofski Harbor Development Unalaska Island, Alaska Plan DOT/PF Pump Creek A good source of gravel for road and airstrip construction is available at Cutter Point; other borrow sites may be identified upon commencement of detailed engineering studies. a oe ‘ ‘ees Riek ag Rar asa ca ee en eee lt eK eC a7 a aS" oy oq, Pp Looking north from Cutter Point to Mutton Cove There appear to be no significant environmental constraints to development at Chernofski. Potential problems, such as dispersal of processing waste outfall, erosion of cut banks, damage to tundra vegetation, and disruption of salmon spawning, can be solved by construction planning and miti- gation measures. 5. A FISHERIES DEVELOPMENT SCENARIO The study team concluded that shore-based crab and fish processing, including a year-round bottomfish operation, is the most likely long-term economic prospect for Chernofski. After the judgement was made that crab and fish processing represents the most likely development potential for Chernof- ski, it was necessary to prepare a specific fisheries develop- ment scenario that could become the basis for a conceptual community plan. Preparation of a scenario began with a detailed assessment of availability of various fish stocks in the area. It was found that the fisheries resources of the Bering Sea, Aleutian Is- lands, and western Gulf of Alaska are more than adequate to supply a major fisheries port at Chernofski. Specifically, there are large numbers of Pacific cod, pollock, rockfishes, flounders, and Atka mackerel in the area near Chernofski. There are also known concentrations of king crab, tanner crab, and shrimp nearby that can be utilized, although the condition of these shellfish stocks is currently depressed. The Pacific halibut stocks and local salmon resources are sub- stantial (although not as large as other species) and available for harvest and processing at Chernofski. These resource levels were translated into projections of rea- sonable harvest volumes and processing plant capabilities. The facilities and services required iv susiain operations were derived from these estimated catch and processing levels. The production levels also became the basis for employment and population projections for the new community. The scenario assumes a gradual process of incremental growth. Five increments are identified -- designated A, B, C, D, and E. Activity at Chernofski begins (increment A) with a floating plant that processes only king crab during the short fall season. Ultimate development (increment E) is a major, year-round, shore-based fishing port that is a regional trans- shipment center for frozen fish products. Each increment, except E, also can be implemented independently. Annual Increment Product Tonnage Season Boats A crab 1,000 Sept. /Oct; 20 (80’-140") Feb.-June B° crab, salmon, 2,500 9-10 months 30 (80’-140") halibut Cc salt cod, 11,000 12 months 10 (80'-140") stockfish Db bottomfish 24,000 12 months 30 (80’-140’) & cumulative A-D, plus expanded shipping facilities *Increment B includes tonnage & boats shown in A; D includes those shown in C. Other economic development potential. Shore support for offshore oil exploration and development in the St. George and Navarin basins is also a possibility, but the study team considers this activity more likely to oc- cur at Dutch Harbor/Unalaska, which is closer to the lease sale areas and is a node of existing marine and air transportation systems. The oil industry is likely to make major demands upon the harbor and remaining useable waterfront at Unalaska, which could constrain future ex- pansion of the fishing industry there. Chernofski is the logi- cai piace io receive this “spiii over” deveiopment irom nearby Unalaska. Creation of a shore-based bottomfish industry at Chernof- ski could stimulate additional local economic activities of secondary importance. For example, the existing sheep ranch at Chernofski would benefit from both a cold storage facility and containerized marine transportation at Cher- nofski. Fish meal, a by-product of the processing plants, could support substantial local fur farming. 6. THE DEVELOPMENT PLAN Mutton Cove is the preferred location for industrial and com- munity development. This site offers deep water near shore; adequate harbor space; level land at tidewater and uplands with gentle slopes; a skeletal road system that follows many existing World War II roads; and proximity to the best outfall site. If oil support activity were to occur at Chernofski in addition to fish processing, this additional development could occur at Mailboat Cove. The plan envisions Chernofski evolving into a small year- round residential community. Initially, the community will depend on a labor force of natives and non-natives. As Aleuts are attracted to Chernofski from other villages in the chain and elsewhere, the community may acquire many of the so- ciocultural characteristics of a traditional Aleut community. Within the time frame of this planning study, Chernofski is expected to be a support settlement for remote industrial de- velopment, where the focus of community life is fishing and fish processing. A relatively high proportion of the direct labor force at Cher- nofski will always be transient. Because of its remoteness and relative lack of development, Chernofski is not likely to at- tract a total workforce of long-term residents. Also, a resident workforce typically receives higher wages than a nonresident workforce. Consequently, a large proportion of the labor force will be transients whe work under contracts of three to six months, like the present processing workforce at Dutch Harbor/Unalaska. It is also expected that a comparatively large proportion of Chernofski’s resident population will be employed. This means that there will be fewer non-working dependents in the population, such as housewives and school-age children, than is typical in other Alaskan Communities. Consequently, facilities will be provided for a largely adult population, par- ticularly during the early years. meee yrs CNN maya, batten * ate nf OZ pewnes we Hutte elicgny wil) Yi Wu ee as et WO, bora Pla tyne vif f wt ADA He ! my \ | \y th ‘ \ il yi / ! wilt; In Wt i: vl Wh ti, 4 ai Lb : Wy, ay ty Nth Nit adit \ "} My sey S yl h iy hh iar vii nM \\ as / tf, i 4 iil od ! Ly tly fl or . pati ( I i ' a ‘ if ' MUTTON COVE DEVELOPMENT y : nh ' A brief description of the major facilities of the new fishing port is provided below. Water - Initially, Pump Creek will provide fresh water for the fishing boats, processing plants, and community. The system will consist of intake and pumping facilities at Pump Creek, a 10 inch main trunk distribution line to the west side of Mutton Cove and a 125,000 gallon reservoir. In addition, a road following the same route will be built to facilitate instal- lation of the water line, to provide access to the pumping fa- cility for maintenance, and to begin the main road to the air- port site. Power to run the pumps will be provided by an elec- trical generating facility located at Observatory Point where diesel fuel will be stored a safe distance from the rest of the community. Transmission of power to the pump station will be via an aerial wire on poles following the road alignment. If additional water is required during later stages of develop- ment, it is available from Chernofski Creek. Electric Power - Generating units should be provided in a va- riety of sizes to allow selection of the most efficient operating combination to meet demand. Also, a mix of units is neces- sary to provide backup in case of breakdown. The initial in- stallation will consist of two 50 kw generators. Generators are located near the fuel storage facilities. Addi- tional! generating capacity will he added when necessarv. Air Transportation - During the early years of development, float plane service will adequately serve the community. Con- nections with larger commercial carriers will be provided through Unalaska, approximately 70 air miles from Chernof- ski. Float plane service will require a concrete ramp extending into the water from a paved apron. As activity increases and population grows, a small airport will be built for wheeled air- craft. The gravel utility runway will be approximately 3,000 feet in length, with a cleared zone at each end of 200 feet. It would be a nonprecision VFR strip with nonelectric markers. 10 The preferred runway site is the Chernofski Creek tide- lands. A brief study was made of the possibilities of upgrading nearby Fort Glenn Airfield on Unalaska Island. However, a local airstrip for feeder service at Chernofski would be re- quired, even if the Fort Glenn Airfield was improved. Processing Facilities - The processing facilities are located at the north end of Mutton Cove. Area requirements for each of the processing operations (crab, salmon, halibut, bottomfish) are based on available studies of optimum plant size and con- figuration for expected production levels. The plants are located to maximize common use of facilities. For example, the cold storage building is centrally located so that it can be used ef- ficiently by all processing operations. Processing Waste Disposal - During early stages of develop- ment, processing wastes will be collected on a barge and dumped at sea. Ocean dumping must occur in water at least 300’ deep. It is regulated by the U. S. Environmental Protec- tion Agency. Eventually, processing wastes will be disposed of through an outfall line that runs northwest from the processing area out tod sea. Waste material will be ground into particles that are '2 inch or smaller. The outfall will be located in deep water with sufficient current action to disperse the solids. This type of disposai is conirolied by the Alaska Department of Envi- ronmental Conservation. Docks - Mooring piers for fishing boats are located on the west shore of Mutton Cove. Vessels will raft up to three abreast on each side of the pier. A 60-foot width provides space for vehicle traffic and for working on gear. An offloading pier is located adjacent to the processing area for efficient product flow. The 75-foot width was chosen to al- low room for offloading on both sides simultaneously. Processing }}\: ( Faciliti 52 ntainer Yard id Generators Overall Development Plan Cheimofski Creek { J ae eek Hoorn Chernofski Harbor Development Plan O—~_-3 Norgaard (USA)Inc. Unalaska Island, Alaska DOT/PF 11 A “U” shaped freight dock provides an efficient circulation pattern for vehicles carrying container vans. In addition to the dock, two breasting dolphins and mooring dolphins are required. Community Facilities - As the community develops, facilities must be built to support the local population. These include housing, retail stores, a school, communication facilities, a building for municipal services, and recreational and en- tertainment facilities. Housing consists of dormitories for processing workers; duplex units for administrators, some fishermen and their families; and single-family homes built by individuals. In general, the land use plan for this upland de- velopment provides an efficient distribution of facilities, and provides for expansion as growth occurs. Development sites were chosen with reasonable slope, exposure, and accessi- bility. Where possible, community facilities are located close to- gether to minimize construction and operation costs, and to conserve energy. The planning demonstrates recognition of the need for people to move around easily on foot or by ve- hicle in all kinds of weather. The overall plan allows for development over time without undue disruption to existing development. Single Family Housing Looking North to Mutton Cove Development \< o "The A - Dormitories Gear Storage , 3 \\ = Ss out ‘ WAY MES ah ESS edn ite i * Floating Crab Processor ——' mh v School Se YS - Si tees nee Container Freight Dock Float Plane LZ Diesel Generators 2 : f Container Yard Mutton Cove Development eS Nees aN + \Water Source ‘\ ™, @ ° eso 86 Gat Chernofski Harbor Development Plan oe fcct Norgaard (USA) Inc. Unalaska Island, Alaska DOT/PF 13 7. DEVELOPMENT PHASING AND CAPITAL COSTS The conceptual plan provides a phased development process. Certain facilities are required for economic development of any type to occur. These are referred to as the “Basic Infra- structure.” Subsequent development phases correspond to the increments of activity specified in the fisheries scenario. The major additional facilities required by each of the incre- ments is shown in the table on page 16. Estimates of the capital cost of these facilities are also shown in the table on page 16. These costs are quoted in 1981 dol- lars. Estimates were derived from price quotations by Seattle vendors of material, supplies, towing and marine transporta- tion services, and labor. The Means Cost Index, an industry manual that tabulates construction costs from hundreds of jobs throughout the United States was also used. Construc- tion costs in the Seattle area were adjusted for Chernofski by multipliers developed by the United States Navy, State of Alaska, and others by comparing actual Aleutian Islands bids with Seattle bids for similar work. The final costs include 25 percent for contractor overhead and profit, and 15 percent for contingency. Facility Basic Infrastructure In Thousands Water $1,375 Roads 1,230 Electrical Distribution 130 Mooring Dock 5,625 Fuel Storage 400 TOTAL $8,760 14 Increment A Increment D Increment B Increment E Increment C 15 DEVELOPMENT PHASES AND CONSTRUCTION COSTS (1981 Dollars) Cold storage expansion Increment A ‘wit In Thousands Mooring Dolphins for Floatin Processor 5 2 @ $75,000 s_18 ; $ 150 Increment B 30,000 SF Building @ $150/SF $ 4,500 20,000 SF Yard Developed 50 Outfall for Waste Disposal 2,000 ft x $1,500/LF 3,000 Ice Machine and Storage 20T/day + 40T storage 500 Cold Store 5,000 SF for 500T @ $240/SF 1,200 Chill Store 1,000 SF prefab panels inside bldg 50 Living Units Dorms 78 units @ 256 SF x $77/SF 1,538 Single and Duplex Houses 9 units @ $160,000 1,440 Float Plane ConcreteRamp 100’ x 50’ 50 Increase Electrical Power Add generators 500 Increase Fuel Storage 250,000 gallons 400 Dock Crane Mobil unit 100 Roads to Housing 1.6 miles x $300,000/mi. 480 $13,808 Increment C 1,000 FT Mooring 750’ x 60’ @ $125/SF $ 5,625 40,000 SF Building @ $150/SF 6,000 20,000 SF Yard 50 Increase Electrical Power Add generators 500 Gear Storage Building 30’ x 250’ @ $105/SF 788 Increase Fuel Storage 250,000 gallons 400 Living Units Dorms 85 units @ 256 SF x $77/SF 1,676 Single and Duplex Houses 13 units @ $160,000 2,080 Increase Ice plant Add 20T/day + 40T storage 650 Roads to Housing 0.7 mile @ $300,000/mile 210 Road to Airport 1.8 mile @ $500,000/mile 900 Airport Runway pad and bridge 1,962 $20,841 Increment D 1,000 FT mooring 750’ x 60° @ $125/SF $ 5,625 48,000 SF building @ $150/SF 7,200 Cold Storage 22,000 SF for 2,200 T @ $240/SF 5,280 Increase waterstorage 175,000 gal. 300 Living units Dorms 141 units @ 256 SF x $77/SF 2,779 Single and duplex houses 118 @ $160,000 18,880 Airport Improvements Taxiways, Terminal, Apron, etc. 940 $41,004 Increment E Offloading dock 320’ x 75’ @ $125/SF $ 3,000 Freight dock 6,400 Container crane 9,000 Warehouse 100’ x 300’ @ $105/SF 3,150 40,000 SF for 4,000 T @ $240/SF_ 9,600 $31,150 16 8. STEPS TOWARD IMPLEMENTATION The initial step toward realizing the development of Chernof- ski is construction of the basic infrastructure. This infrastruc- ture consists of a fresh water supply system, service road, electrical distribution system, mooring dock, and fuel storage tankage — all estimated to cost approximately $8,760,000. This is the minimum infrastructure of facilities required to at- tract processors and other potential investors to the site; it is crucial to the ultimate success of the plan. Subsequent imple- mentation will depend heavily on the specific requirements and plans of private investors. Specific implementation steps which should be taken by TDX and other land owners at Chernofski Harbor include: © Solicitation of development proposals by prospective in- vestors and harbor tenants. ¢ Preparation of a financial plan for justification of public investment in the infrastructure requirements at Cher- nofski. ¢ Preparation of a private investment plan for potential pro- cessors and other investors. Action by the state could include consideration of financial assistance for construction of the basic infrastructure and other capital improvements at Chernofski. SUPPORTING TECHNICAL MEMORANDA Technical Title Memorandum Number 1. Uplands Capacity and Capability 2 Harbor Capacity and Capability 3. The Fisheries and Fishery Resources of the Chernofski Area 4. Scenario Development and Scale of Development 5. Economic Analysis 6. Development Requirements and Design Criteria 7 Estimated Employment, Population and Housing Implementation Additional Data Needs 10. Bibliography