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HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Alaska State Energy Conservation Plan Report- FEA 1977THE ALASKA STATE ENERGY CONSERVATION PLAN REPORT "FEDERAL ENERGY ADMINISTRATION by. the Division of Energy & Power, Development Department of Commerce &. Economic. Development STATE OF ALASKA H. Phillip Hubbard, Commissioner William C. McConkey, Director April 5, 1977 INTRODUCTION Title III, Part C of the Energy Policy and Conservation Act, signed into law on December 22, 1975 by President Ford, requires that the Federal Energy Administration (FEA) establish procedures and guidelines for the development and implementation of comprehensive State energy conservation plans. FEA has met this requirement by establishing the State Energy Con- servation Program, a voluntary program by which participating states may receive federal financial and technical assistance to develop and imple- ment a State Energy Conservation Plan. For this aid, a State plan must be designed to achieve the specific reduction in energy consumption of five percent in 1980, and must also contain a minimum of five specific energy conservation actions. FEA has established a set of guidelines for participating states to follow in the development of their State Energy Conservation Plan Reports. These guidelines were published in the Federal Register on October 28, 1976. As a participant in the State Energy Conservation Program, the State of Alaska is required to submit an Energy Conservation Plan Report to FEA by March 28, 1977, unless an extension of time is granted by FEA upon request. The contents of this document constitute the Alaska State Energy Con- servation Plan Report. This Report has been prepared by the Division of Energy and Power Development of the State Department of Commerce and Economic Develop- ment and is being submitted to the Region X Office of the Federal Energy Administration by the Honorable Jay S. Hammond, Governor, State of Alaska. Upon approval of this Report by FEA, the State of Alaska will begin implemen- tation of the State Energy Conservation Plan. GENERAL OUTLINE OF PLAN REPORT Part I: General Information Part I of the Plan Report is the same coversheet used for most State grant programs. Part II: Project Approval Information A checklist of project approval information containing ten items that i must be answered by the State. Part III: Budget Information An estimated budget for the implementation of the State Energy Con- servation Plan for calendar year 1977 including all non-FEA funding (such as other Federal funds, state and local funds, and private grant funds). i Part IV: Program Narrative le Part IV is the most important and comprehensive part of the Plan Report because it details all the necessary information for the State Plan. Part IV is divided into four sections: IV-A. Plan Intent; IV-B. Plan Summary (estimated energy savings and cost of implementation); IV-C. Program Mea- sure Descriptions; and IV-D. Environmental Residuals. These sections are described as follows: IV-A, Plan Intent: 1. A brief statement which provides an overview of the philosophy and approach taken by the State in the development and implemen- tation of their proposed plan. i 2. A proposed State energy conservation goal, consisting of a re- duction, as a result of the implementation of the State Energy I Conservation Plan, of 7.48% in the total amount of energy con- ® sumed in the State for the year 1980 from projected energy con- a IV-B. IvV-C. sumption in the State for that year. The proposed reduction is based upon the total estimated energy savings for each pro- gram measure of this Plan and on the agreed upon projections of total energy consumption by the State for 1980. Plan Summary: A summary sheet which provides an overall look at the estimated energy savings and the estimated costs of implementation for each program measure. Description of Program Measures: Program Measure Title. A narrative statement detailing the nature of the program meas- ure. A listing of milestones consisting of those specific activities scheduled to be initiated and/or completed in a certain quarter (1977-78) or year (1979-80). A detailed description of the estimated energy savings for each program measure, to include: a. estimated energy savings in BTU's for 1980; b. the methodology used; c. the sources of numerical data, any assumptions, and the actual calculations used; and d. the manner in which the State will assess actual energy savings. A detailed description of the estimated cost of implementation annually for each program measure for calendar years 1977, 1978, 1979, 1980. IV-D. Environmental Residuals: A detailed description of the increase or decrease of @ environmental residuals expected from the implementation of the State Energy Conservation Plan, and an indication of how ' these environmental factors were considered in the selection of program measures. Part V: Assurances This part deals with the assurances that the State must adhere to in accordance with Federal law and/or regulations. Approved by GAO PART I B-181254 (R0356) FEA-U516-S-1 GENERAL INFORMATION Expires 12-31-78 3. STATE. NUMBER APPLICA 77022401 TION ——————— 1OENTI. >. DATE Year month day FIER ASSIGNED is 77 -2-24 OF. ACTION 3s APPLICATION (Mark ep (~) NOTIFICATION OF INTENT (Opt) ) REPORT OF FEDERAL ACTION ‘4 LEGAL APPLICANT/RECIPIENT Division of Energy and Power Development PLOYER IDENTIFICATION NO. 923-600-118 Department of Commerce and Economic Dev. 5, +. KUMBER igi !e Io lois} 7th Floor, MacKay Building gum jeme Title III, Part C, 338 Denali Street Federat | State Energy Conservation _ Anchorage, Alaska 99501 cu)” | programs, P.L. 94-163 | 7. TITLE ANO DESCRIPTION OF APPLICANT'S PROJECT - & TYPE OF APPLICANT/RECIPIENT An State H=Commumity Action Agency . Eevee cadtiee. er State Energy Conservation Plan Report | duince KoGtner” (Specify): (Implementation Phase) Fi Steal District G-Soecial Purpeve — Distret Enter appropriate letter A! ‘9. TYPE OF ASSISTANCE ‘AeBasic Grant Deinsurance é ESerenents Grant €-Otner Enter appre: —r (io anea OF PROJECT IMPACT (Names of cities, counties, li. ESTIMATEO NUM- = 12. TYPE OF APPLICATION States, ete.) | SER OF PERSONS | donee CRevision E-Augmentation BENEFITING Renewal O-Continuation | iewation acer appropriate Letter (All State of Alaska 13. PROPOSED FUNDING 14, CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS OF: TS. TYPE OF CHANGE (For ite or 188) po» APPLICANT PROIECT | Aeinerense Ooilars = F=OtRer (Specify): S tatewide | g-Deerease Ooitars Ceincresse Ouration O-Decrense Curation "90 | 16. PROJECT START 17. PROJECT | Cacameatiatien, DATE Year month day | OURATION | Enter appre 20! 1977-0S-01 | F__ Months prate letter(e) |i || 9 | 18. ESTIMATED DATE TO Year month day | 19. EXISTING FEDERAL JOENTIFICATION NUMBER = BE SUBMITTED TO | 1. _ToraL mo | _FEDERALAGENCY ® 19 77-04-0S 5 2a. FEDERAL AGENCY TO RECEIVE REQUEST (Name, City, State, Z/P code) Zi. REMARKS ADDED Federal Energy Administration - Seattle, WA | ve a |. To the Dest of my Lnowiedge and belief, . B. If required by OMB Circular 4-35 thie ‘application wes suamitted, pursuant te in. No ree Response | ate in trie sreappiieation/apolication are | Hrvctions thereun, fe ‘Toprepriate clearingnouses and ail responses are attached: sponse THE | true and correct, the document has been j APPLICANT | duly suthornzed by the governing boty ot o iy CERTIFIES | et aucant ante eplcatt il com | State_of Alaska A-95 THAT | with the tached ammanens of te easel} cD clearinghouse = Lo B. SIGMATURE © CATE SIGNED a. TYPED NAME ANG TITLE CERTIFYIN' + . Year month day pera | William C. McConke B | Severe | : y lutte (. Pre 19 77-04-05 2a. AGENCY ZS APPLICA. Year month dav RECEIVED 19 27, ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICE ZB. FEDERAL APPLICATION s || IDENTIFICATION & as. aporess | 30. FEDERAL GRANT : i || IDENTIFICATION 3 31. ACTION TAKEN 32. FUNDING ; Year month day 34. Yesr month day | STARTH Z | O © swanoed [2 FEDERAL 3 00 | 33. ACTION DATED _19 Ste N15 | | JS CONTACT FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMA. 16. emt | seectes [a appear 80 OE ON (Name amd telephone number) enone a - | Cle rerurneo Fone. svare 20 CATE 19 = | AMEXOMENT 00 37. REMARKS AODED 3) Ge oereaneo “a | § Loe eee 00 | Yes Ne a ) 8. Im taming edove action, any comments tecerwed from clearinghouses were con- | 3. FEDERAL AGENCY A-9S OFFICIAL - | Sacred. It Stoney resoonse 18 due uncer prensens of Part 1, OMB Circular 4-35, (Name and telepnene no.) FEDERAL AGENCY | IU Res been ov os being mace. STATE of ALASKA ° John Halterman State-Federal Coordinator Division of Policy, Development and Planning Office of the Governo FROM: ohn L. Umlauf, Director Transportation Planni Department of Highways DATE : /\ a ivision SUBJECT: COERORAMDY March 14, 1977 1.D. 77022401 Alaska State Engery Conservation Plan The Department of Highways strongly supports the Alaska State Energy Conservation Plan prepared by DCED's Division of Engergy and Power Development but suggests that one potential conflict in the program measures be resolved. The program to enforce the statute that limits the use of State vehicles to authorized business activities is in conflict with the concept of making such vehicles available for employee vanpool ing where all expenses, including maintenance, depreciation, and insurance, would be paid for by the riders. The Department's planning activities examine the many factors that influence the selection of transportation projects, such as cost, air condition, among others. Department's on-going, multi-faceted planning efforts. quality, land use, congestion, energy conservation, safety, and road The ability of DECD to concentrate on one of these factors exclusively - energy conservation - will complement the Our office is committed to pursue achievement of the transportation measures listed within our capability and community goals. A primary reason for our support of the program derives from the effective coordination effforts that the energy conservation office has undertaken to date. We have been pleased to contribute our expertise to this work. OULU: PBE: jf Attachment #1 (<<) Sy WS, elr7 (Ll Poy POLIoy Os SVEL Opa, & PLANAR MENT HIG . STATE OF ALASKA /-—— OFFICE OF THE GOVERNOR STATE POLICY DEVELOPMENT AND PLANNING POUCH AD — JUNEAU 99811 PHONE 465-3512 March 22, 1977 Mr. William C. McConkey Director Division of Energy and Power Development Department of Commerce and Economic Development 338 Denali Street Anchorage, Alaska 99501 Subject: State Energy Conservation Plan State I.D. No. 77022401 Dear Mr. McConkey: The State Clearinghouse has completed its review of the subject proposal and has no objections. However, comments received from the Department le of Highways point to a minor conflict with its car pooling efforts and your proposal to strongly enforce regulations prohibiting the private use of State vehicles. I've included the Department's comments for your information. This letter satisfies the review requirements of OMB Circular A-95. John Halterman State-Federal Coordinator Attachment Attachment #1 (4) ) Approved by GAO PART Il U-516-S-1 tate Alaska Date 4-5-7 __ B-181254 (R0356) Expires 12-31-78 PROJECT APPROVAL INFORMATION Item 1. Does this assistance request require State, local, Name of Governing Body regional, or other priority rating? Priority Rating Yes X No Item 2. Does this assistance request require State, or local Name of Agency or advisory, educational or health clearances? Board Yes X No (Attach Documentation) Item 3. Does this assistance request require clearinghouse (Attach Comments) review in accordance with OMB Circular A-95? X Yes____No Item 4. Does this assistance request require State, local, Name of Approving Agency regional or other planning approval? xX Date Yes __—___No Item 5. Is the proposed project covered by an approved compre- Check one: State Cc hensive plan? Local Cc X Regional Cc Yes_-__No Location of Plan Item 6. Will the assistance requested serve a Federal Name of Federal Installation installation? Yes X No Federal Population benefiting from Project Item 7. Will the assistance requested be en Federal land or Name of Federal Installation installation? Location of Federal Land Yes X No Percent of Project Item 8. Will the assistance requested have an impact or effect See instructions for additiono! information to be on the environment? X provided. Yes No see attached implementation plan Item 9, Number of: Will the assistance requested cause the displacement Individuals of individuals, families, businesses, or forms? Families X Businesses Yes No Farms Item 10. Is there other related assistance on this project previous, See instructions for additions! information to be pending, or anticipated? X provided, Yes No -[= swezbozd styj zoy etTqeoTTdde FON :UOTIZONAISUOD xx *spuny yaa pezTzoyqne zeyR20 SbutpntTouT spunz zeyjO TTe 03 zSezez spuny WH43-NON ‘€9T-~76 “T’d ‘0 34ed ‘TII ST3ITL ‘30v woT}eATSesuUOD pue Aot{tog ABzeuy ayy Aepun pezTzoyzne spunz ey} OF eyez spung WaT + PART Ill — BUDGET INFORMATION BUDGET PERIOD *5/1/77- SECTION A - BUDGET SUMMARY want Program, Estimated Unobligated Funds =6 | = sss Nw or Revised Budget Aetiiy Catalog No, | Federal NON- ‘FEA Total Fmplenentation | = YY). WALD Hf 129,000 5 186,600 _|s315,600 ee Le a . age I Sa SECTION B — BUDGET CATEGORIES ———— (ay) FEA* ragaceeae be i Ww i a Pel [s__ 39,939 es b. Fringe Beneits 10,176 . | oo: «Tae 9,755 So. es 4. Enionen 3,285 a a suis | 15250 Ss | 4. conracta 24,360 ee AF 24369 | |. consneton ** -0- el bot 30,968 a | Total Direct Charges | ~——«.'19, 733 oo 119,733 1 sel cgi 9,267 _. 9,267 [mms e900 eee 7, Progip tncome SN/A 5 N/A a STATE ENERGY CONSERVATION PLAN REPORT xIndirect charges negotiated between ‘the State of Alaska and HEW are based on 8.37% of funds administered in-house ‘and 5.27% of follow-through monies. BL-TE-2T sexta el (9S€0a) PSZTST-a LL-S-y Sava NOLIWMOANT La5dnd eyseLy SLYLS ow Aq pescrddy III Davd T-S-9TS-0 PART IV PROGRAM NARRATIVE IV-A Plan Intent IV-B Plan Summary (Cost of Implementation and Energy Savings) IV-C Description of Program Measures IV-D Environmental Residuals PART IV-A PLAN INTENT 1. Philosophy 2. Energy Conservation Goal 1. Philosophy The need for energy conservation in Alaska is paramount. An energy crisis has existed in the state for Many years, Tong before the Arab oil embargo of 1973 and the resulting energy problems that affected the rest of the nation. Alaska's energy crisis has been primarily monetary in nature, in that Alaskans have traditionally paid a high price for the energy they use. Availability has also been a serious problem. Fuel shortages, especially in the outlying areas of the state, have caused many crises and emergencies. Unfortunately, a lack of funds has limited the State's ability to implement an effective statewide energy conservation program. The State Energy Conservation Program, created by the Energy Policy and Conservation Act (EPCA) of 1975, and administered by FEA, provides the State of Alaska with an excellent opportunity to carry out such a program effectively. The Program measures described in this Réport represent the State of Alaska's Plan to reduce the rate of energy consumption in the state. The implementation of this Plan will significantly help the State in its efforts to alleviate Alaska's energy problems through the promotion of energy conservation. Due to Alaska's size, remoteness and high cost of living, the implemen- tation of a statewide energy conservation program will be a very expensive undertaking. Since the bulk of federal funding for this program will be distributed on a basis of the resident population of the participating states, and Alaska's population is the smallest in the nation (excluding the territories), Alaska will receive the smallest share of the 50 states. Because of the tremendous expense involved and the amount of funds available, the State is somewhat limited in the number of statewide program measures that it is capable of implementing. In proposing the program -10- measures for the State Plan, the Alaska State Division of Energy and Power Development felt that it is more important to plan a few effective program measures than to attempt to implement numerous measures that could not conceivably be carried out adequately under the conditions of the State Energy Conservation Program. The Alaska State Energy Conservation Program has two primary objectives: 1) to reduce the rate of energy consumption in the state by 1980 to the greatest extent feasible based on available financial resources; and 2) to promote an energy conservation ethic for all Alaskans. The program measures outlined in this Report constitute the means by which the State plans to meet these objectives. -11- 2. Energy Conservation Goal The goal of the Alaska State Energy Conservation Program is to reduce the amount of energy consumed in the state in 1980 by the greatest amount feasible under existing social, political, economic, environmental, climatic, geographic, and other conditions. Through implementation of the program mea- sures described in the State Energy Conservation Plan, the State of Alaska Proposes to achieve a reduction of 7.48% in the total amount of eneray con- sumed in the state for the year 1980 from the projected energy consumption in the state for that year. Estimated energy savings resulting from the implementation of the pro- gram measures planned by the State have been calculated by Mark Fryer and Associates, Anchorage, Alaska, under contract to the State Division of Energy and Power Development. The results of these calculations reflect a total projected savings in energy of 21.8274 x 1012 Btu's for the year. 1980: This figure represents 7.48% of the total amount of projected energy consumption in the state in 1980 of 291.7 x 1012 Btu's, as determined by FEA. A chart explaining the breakdown of the total amount of estimated energy savings according to each program measure is Provided below: Program Measure: Estimated Energy Savings: Thermal Efficiency Standards 20.4200 x 1012 Btu's Lighting Efficiency Standards 0.2339 x 1022 Btu's Carpools, Vanpools, etc. 0.8820 x 1012 Btu's State of Alaska Energy Conservation Program (including procurement practices) 0.1615 x 10!2 Btu's Operation Outreach and FEA Workshops (combined) 0.1300 x 1022 Btu's Total Estimated Savings 21.8274 x 1012 Btu's 424 ep er Since FEA will determine the final 1980 energy conservation goal for Alaska, the State recommends that FEA seriously take into account the impact of local economic, climatic, geographic and other unique factors that affect the State's ability to conserve energy. A large percentage of the energy consumed in Alaska is "immune consumption," or consumption over which the State has no influence for conservation. Such immune consumption includes energy consumed by the Federal Government (especially the Military) and that consumed by commercial airlines (jet fuel). -13- Ap@Dyed by GAO B-181254 (R0356) Expires 12-31-78 STATE ALASKA DATE __ 4/5/77 PART IV-B -- PLAN SUMMARY ESTIMATED COST OF IMPLEMENTATION 1980 n_$000' PROGRAM MEASURES ESTIMATED ENERGY 1977 1978 1979 980 oS 1. Thermal Efficiency 420 0 Standards ee 31.98 73.50 50.00 2. Lighting Efficiency 12 | Standards 0.2339 x 10 31.98 73.50 50.00 r 3. Energy Efficient Pro- (included under State curement Standards for of Alaska Energy 16.59 10.00 5.00 State Government Conservation Program : 4. Carpool, Vanpool, Public 12 | transportation measures 0.8820 x 10 123.00 142.00 165.00 5. Right-turn-on-red N/A N/A N/A N/A T2~ 6. * Outreach _ 0.130 x 10 99.06 132.00 ** 95.00 x (inc. FEA Workshops ) 7. State of Alaska Energy _ 0.1615 x 1012 9.49 27.50 19.00 Conservation Program (incl. Procurement FEA Workshops (included under 3.50 38.00 ** 25.00 ** Outreach TOTAL 21.8274 x 1012 315.60 496.50 409.00 * List all other program measures included in the proposed State Energy Conservation Plan. ** Note: in the total figures indicated. It was assumed that supplemental program funding would be available for 1978 and 1979. However, since estimates of 1979 and 1980 authorizations for the original This has been included TLA_aAter_n State Conservation Program are not available, we have not included this possible additional funding in our pro- jections. PART IV-C DESCRIPTION OF PROGRAM MEASURES A. Mandatory Program Measures: 1. Thermal Efficiency Standards 2. Lighting Efficiency Standards 3. Program Measures to Promote the Availability and Use of Carpools, Vanpools and Public Transportation. 4, Energy Efficient Procurement Practices for State Government 5. Right Turn on Red Program Measure B. Additional Program Measures: 1. Operation Outreach Program 2. State of Alaska Energy Conservation Program 3. FEA Workshops Program -15- A. MANDATORY PROGRAM MEASURES 1. Thermal Efficiency Standards The thermal efficiency standards program measure is very similar in nature to the lighting efficiency standards measure. Both program measures are concerned with energy conservation in buildings, and will require the enactment of statewide building codes. Also, the FEA Guidelines refer to sections of the ASHRAE Standard 90-75 as minimum criteria for both program measures. Since both measures concern the same key issues and will in- volve the same people, they will be closely coordinated during the imple- Mentation phase. Therefore, to avoid duplication in this Report, the description of the strategy which the State plans to follow in implementing both the lighting and the thermal efficiency standards is provided only in the thermal effic- jency standards section. To clarify the fact that both program measures are being described in this section, reference is made to lighting and thermal efficiency standards. During the actual process of establishing the lighting and thermal efficiency standards, the State will treat both program measures separately where necessary, and will use the minimum criteria outlined in the FEA Guidelines as a guide in determining the applicability and stringency for each set of standards. The minimum criteria for each program measure, along with a listing of milestones for both, are presented in this section of the Report. The detailed description of estimated energy savings and estimated costs of implementation are provided in separate sections. To aid in understanding the similarities and differences between the lighting and thermal efficiency standards program measures, Exhibit #1 identi- fies each program with respect to types of buildings covered and standards -16- -ZI- un“ #OOqpueH uel d uoLzeAvasuoy Abuauz 83e7S, *‘yOoGsDuNOS YR4 *Z AUWINLOA 40 HZ abed wou x Building Classification New Buildings Existing Build- ings Lighting Efficiency Standards Scope of Coverage All new "public" buildings above a "certain size as determined by the State." All existing “public build- ings above a "certain size as determined by the State." (Note: No difference be- tween "renovat- ed" and other existing build- ings is given, although it may be useful to make this dif- ferentiation when writing the State stand- ards). Mandatory Minimum Standards ASHRAE 90-75 Section 8 No mandatory standard given Thermal Efficiency Standards and Insulation Requirements Scope of Coverage All new build- ings, with certain speci- fied exceptions. Only "Renovated buildings are covered. (The State must de- fine "renovated.") Mandatory Minimum Standards Non-residen- tial-ASHRAE 90-75, Section 4-9 Residential- HUD minimum property standards or ASHRAE 90-75, Section 4-9 No mandatory standard given saunseay weuboug spurpuezys [euusy] pue spuepueys Buljybi7 JO uostuedwo) * T# LIGIHX3 applied. (This chart was Prepared by FEA and was included in the "State Energy Conservation Plan Handbook" Volume 2 of the Sourcebook for the State Energy Conservation Program). The minimum criteria for thermal efficiency standards, as outlined in the FEA Guidelines, are as follows: (a) They must be in place and ready for implementation with respect to all buildings other than exempted buildings throughout all political subdivisions of the State by January 1, 1978, unless an extension has been granted by FEA; (b) They must take into account the exterior envelope physical char- acteristics, HVAC system selection and configuration, HVAC equipment performance and service water heating design and equipment selection; (c) For all new non-residential buildings, they shall be no less strin- gent than a standard consistent with provisions of Sections 4-9 of ASHRAE 90-75; (d) For all new residential buildings, they shall be no less stringent than the HUD Minimum Property Standards, or a standard consistent with the provisions of Sections 4-9 of ASHRAE 90-75; and (e) For renovated buildings, they shall: (a) apply to those buildings determined by the State to be renovated buildings; and (b) contain the elements deemed appropriate by the State regarding thermal efficiency standards for renovated buildings. The minimum criteria for lighting efficiency standards, as outlined in the FEA Guidelines, are as follows: (a) They must be in place and ready for implementation throughout all political subdivisions of the State by January 1, 1978, unless an exten- sion has been granted by FEA; -18- (b) They must apply to all public buildings, above a certain size, as determined by the State; (c) For new public buildings, they must be no less stringent than a standard consistent with the provisions of Section 9 of ASHRAE 90-75; and (d) For existing public buildings, they must contain the elements deemed appropriate by the State. The central tasks involved in the successful completion of these program measures are: (a) The enactment of Statewide energy conservation related building codes; and (b) The extensive training and dissemination of information necessary to implement, operate and enforce the program. Considering the complexity of the entire building code enactment and en- forcement process, especially in the State of Alaska, and the fact that the establishment of energy efficient building standards is a relatively new area, not only in Alaska, but nationwide, the adoption of these program measures will not be an easy endeavor. However, the substantial energy conservation benefits that can be realized by this accomplishment seem to clearly justify the nec- essary efforts. The actual steps that must be taken to accomplish the aforementioned tasks have been planned by the D.E.P.D., and are outlined below. 1. Perform Impact Analysis of Energy Standards Thoroughly assessing the impact of proposed energy efficient buil- ding standards with respect to potential energy savings, building econ- omics, selected industries and industry participants, and building habitability is an important first step in establishing the necessary base of knowledge to formulate and enact enabling legislation, and to establish and enact specific code regulations. Realizing the importance -19- of this endeavor, the D.E.P.D. has already taken action to accomplish this task. As part of a contract with the D.E.P.D., L.E. Breeding, P.E. of Anchorage, has performed an impact assessment and evaluation of ASHRAE 90-75 and the HUD Minimum Property Standards for Alaskan application. The document prepared by Mr. Breeding was submitted to the D.E.P.D. in January, 1977. This study, along with a document prepared for FEA by Arthur D. Little, Inc., entitled An Impact Assessment of ASHRAE 90-75, will provide valuable assistance to the State in its efforts to adopt energy efficient building regulations. 2. Develop a Detailed Plan and Assemble Key Advisory Groups The D.E.P.D. has established a general strategy for the State to follow in developing lighting and thermal efficiency standards and in formu- lating a legislative proposal which will lead to the establishment of the necessary building codes. It is also currently in the process of form- ulating a list of organizations and agencies that will be requested to select representatives to serve on advisory committees which will assist the State in implementing this strategy. The advisory committees will consist of representatives both from organizations which are knowledgeable in the formulation and implementation of building codes and from various other organizations that will be directly affected by lighting and thermal efficiency standards. Two advisory committees, or working groups, will be formulated. They will be: (1) A technical advisory committee consisting of building officials, architects, engineers, developers, builders, etc. whose responsibility will include setting forth recommendations on the specific standards that are suitable for the State. (2) A building code advisory committee consisting of financiers, -20- appraisers, realtors, representatives from various government agencies, etc., whose responsibility will include setting forth recommendations on specific steps to be taken for standards imple- mentation, recommendation of possible financial incentives, and determination of methods of enforcement. Members of the advisory groups will compose a Lighting and Thermal Efficiency Standards Study Committee, headed by William C. McConkey , Director of the Division of Energy and Power Development, who will be responsible for coordinating the efforts of the two advisory groups. 3. Develop Lighting and Thermal Efficiency Standards and a Legislative Proposal After a list of members for the key advisory groups has been final- ized, the D.£.P.D. will call an organizational meeting of the Lighting and Thermal Efficiency Standards Study Committee. The LTES Study Com- mittee will then begin the tasks of developing the building standards and formulating a proposal which will be submitted to the legislature. In developing the standards, the LTES Study Committee will use as guidelines the minimum criteria outlined by FEA, which pertain to the stringency and applicability of the standards. After a set of preliminary recommendations on the building standards and their enactment has been established by the LTES Study Committee, they will be submitted to the Public for review by way of Regional Hearings. Based upon the input received at the Public Hearings, the LTES Study Committee will formulate final recommendations to be submitted to the Governor. Upon his review, Governor Hammond will then submit a proposal to the legislature requesting the enactment of the Lighting and Thermal Efficiency Standards. An organizational chart and timetable outlining this process is pro- -21- vided in Exhibit #2. 4. Enact Enabling Legislation ® Without enabling legislation, the mandatory requirement for these program measures obviously cannot be met. The D.E.P.D. anti- cipates the submission of a proposal to the legislature for adop- tion of the Lighting and Thermal Efficiency Standards to be made at the beginning of the 1978 legislative session. Because of the comprehensive steps that will be taken to assure maximum public input into the development of the standards and the formulation of a legislative proposal, the D.E.P.D. does not foresee a serious problem in acquiring legislative approval of the adoption of energy conservation related building codes. Based upon this assumption, the D.E£.P.D. anticipates that the Lighting and Thermal Efficiency Standards will be in place and ready for implementation le by July 1, 1978. 5. Provide Training and Education Since the area of energy conservation related building standards has been relatively unexplored in the past, the establishment of a technical training and education program is very important. The D.E.P.D. plans to initiate such a program during the early stages of the implementation phase and continue it as long as necessary. The D.E.P.D. will sponsor a series of technical workshops that will train and educate code officials, architects, engineers, builders, devel- opers, contractors, financiers, legislators, building owners and i others that will be directly affected by the building standards. 6. Managing Ongoing Operations e The final step in the process of effectively implementing the Lighting and Thermal Efficiency Standards Program will be the manage- -22- EXHIBIT #2 Organization and Timetable for Implementation of Lighting and Thermal Efficiency Standards 9... 15, 1977 Organizational Meeting Working Group #1 Tech. Advisory Committee September 1, 1977 Alaska Lighting and Thermal Efficiency Standards Study Committee October, 1977 Recommendations A.L.T.E. S.S.C. November 1,1977 Final Recommendations j January 20, 1977 Governor's Proposal Legislature | -23- ment of ongoing operations after the building standards become effective. This will involve enforcement of the standards and monitoring and evaluating the program measures. Methods of en- forcement will be determined by the Lighting and Thermal Efficiency Standards Study Committee during the development stage of the program. The D.E.P.D. is currently in the process of determining how the pro- gram measures will be monitored and evaluated. Although the FEA Guidelines require that the Lighting and Thermal Efficiency Standards be in place and ready for implementation by January 1, 1978, the D.E.P.D. feels that it will be impossible to meet this deadline. The complex nature of these program measures and the fact that both legislation and a comprehensive training and education program will be required make the process of seeking implementation a time-consuming effort. Because of the nec- essary time required to develop the building standards and to formulate a legislative proposal for their enactment, it will be impossible to submit a proposal to the legislature during the 1977 session, which ends in May. Legis- lative action, therefore, cannot take place until after the Alaska Legislature convenes for the 1978 session next January. Consequently, the earliest pos- sible date for implementation of the Lighting and Thermal Efficiency Standards anticipated by the D.E.P.D. is July 1, 1978. Based upon this justification, the D.E.P.D. is requesting FEA to grant the State of Alaska a six month extension on the date of implementation of these program measures. Despite the fact that the establishment of statewide Lighting and Thermal Efficiency Standards is not anticipated before July 1, 1978, the State of Alaska may realize significant energy savings much sooner, as a result of a somewhat similar action that may be taken in the near future by the Municipality of Anchorage, Alaska's largest community. The Anchorage General Assembly presently has before it a proposed ordinance to amend its current building codes by adding regulations for energy conservation in new building design, -24- specifically, the ASHRAE 90-75 Standard. The proposed ordinance calls for the application of the provisions of ASHRAE 90-75 to "the construction, alter- ation, and repair of any building or structure within the Municipality." The proposed ordinance calls for the standards to become effective four months after its enactment. The adoption of an energy conservation related building standard, such as ASHRAE 90-75, by the Municipality of Anchorage would make a considerable contri- bution to the State's efforts to reduce the rate of energy consumption within the building sector. With a population of 175,000, the City of Anchorage accounts for nearly half of Alaska's total population. A large portion of the State's building activity occurs in the Anchorage area. Considering the rapid rate at which Anchorage is growing, this building activity will continue to increase. The D.E.P.D. actively supports the proposed ordinance to incorporate ASHRAE 90-75 into the Anchorage Municipal Codes. The adoption of this ordinance will represent a major step in helping the State achieve its goal of reducing the rate of statewide energy consumption. The D.£.P.D. plans to recommend to other Alaskan communities, especially the larger ones, such as Fairbanks, Juneau and Ketchikan, that they also take steps to incorporate energy conservation re- lated building standards into their existing municipal codes. A listing of milestones for both the Thermal Efficiency Standards and Lighting Efficiency Standards Program measures is provided on the following page. -25- — LIG...1G ] CIE. ST: DS 2 GRRee eetASI oc 3 e @ Calendar ter of Year: 6-30-77 9-30-77 12-31-77 3-31-78 6-30-78 9-30-78 12-31-78 1979 1980 Organiza- Prelimin- i Governor's |Legisla- j Standards Manage tional meet-| ary recom- i proposal tive become ongoing . ing of L.T. | mendations to Legis- | Action effective operations ) E.S. Study completed lature (July 1) (enforce- Committee by L.T.E.S. i (January) ment, mon- (May 15) Study Con- itoring, mittee evaluation) (September) CALCULATIONS OF ESTIMATED ENERGY SAVINGS FOR MANDATORY THERMAL EFFICIENCY STANDARDS* INTRODUCTION: The Federal Energy Administration suggests methodology for compu- tation of energy savings due to mandatory thermal efficiency standards in buildings. The application of these methods of calculation to savings of energy due to space heat in Alaskan buildings is of questionable accuracy. The natural climatic conditions produce 65 degrees F. heating indicies ranging from around 6,500 (in southeastern Alaska) to 20,000 (in Arctic Alaska). Since the bulk of Alaska's space heating energy is expended in the Anchorage Area, and since that area is fairly modern and contains buildings constructed to design typical of the northern tier of states, it is felt that the suggested methodology will produce, though inaccurate, a reasonable range of calculated savings. The following are calculations based on Federally suggested method- ology. The calculated savings in energy due to mandatory thermal efficiency standards during the year 1980 is 20.420 x 1012 BTU/year. ASSUME: All buildings fall into the following categories: 1. Residential: Single family, low density, low rise, high rise, hotels and motels. 2. Commercial: Offices, service stations, garages, stores and other mercantile buildings. 3. Institutional: Educational, religious, hospitals, etc. 4. Other: Warehouses, amusement and recreational structures, etc. Fossil Fuel Efficiency = 65% Electrical Energy Efficiency = 30% 7 Prepared by Mark Fryer & Associates, Anchorage, Alaska -27- Accrued savings from reduced illumination standards are included in the calculated savings of this section. (See lighting energy savings predictions). No direct data available to establish base information required to satisfy equation parameters. The method postulated in the report ("expedient method") is satis- factory for purpose of estimating savings for State's plan. The tabled values used for predicting energy savings via the "expedient method" are correct. New residential additions are evenly distributed over the 1970-1980 period (i.e., 10% of new additions occur each year over the 10-year period). Non-residential construction (offices and retail) are apportioned on the basis of personal income. Schools are apportioned on the basis of residential population. Hospitals are apportioned on the basis of’ residential population, as are "other" structures. ALL new additions are evenly distributed over the 10-year (1970- 1980) period. Residential renovation rate equals 50% of the removal rate. Non-residential renovation rate equals 15% of new construction volume each year. Residential average construction size: 1 Family - 1,600 Square Feet. Low Density - 3 Units @ 1,200 Square Feet (3,600 Square Feet Total). Low Rise - 20 Units @ 900 Square Feet (18,000 Square Feet Total). High Rise - 50 Units @ 900 Square Feet (45,000 Square Feet Total). -28- fon-residential total square feet per Table 2. Unit energy savings per Tables A-1 through A-10. 25% of new construction for savings in residential renovation; 50% for non-residential renovation. Distribution by Table 4. Programs initiated by July 1, 1978. BASIC EQUATIONS: (1) (2) New Buildings: Ey = Nn (An) (Eu - E'u) Ey = (BTU/YR.) Energy Savings for New Construction of Type "N". Ny = (Number) of New Buildings of Type "N" Constructed During Year. Ay = Average Area of Building Type "N" (Square Feet). Ey = (BTU/Sq.-Ft.-Year) Unrestrained Energy Use. E'y = (BTU/Sq.-Ft.-Year) Energy Use Under New Standards. Renovated Buildings: Ex = Np (Ag) Fr (Ey - E'y) Values correspond to values of (1) above with Fp = (a decimal factor) degree in which new standards apply to renovated buildings. Assumed 0.25 x removal rate = FR (residential); 0.15 (Ay) = Fp (non- residential). (3) Savings Related to Energy Type: ET = Es (F/Ep + £/Eg) Er = (BTU/YR.) Savings on Raw Source Basis. Es = (Ey + Ep) (BTU/YR.) Savings in New and Renovated Buildings. F = Proportion of Buildings Supplied by Fossil Fuel. Er = 0.65 or Fossil Fuel Efficiency. E = Proportion of Buildings Supplied by Electricity. Ee = 0.3 or Electrical Efficiency. -29- (4) Ey = Eru + & As Above. m 4 u Ery = Energy Savings from New Thermal Efficiency Standards. m rc u Energy Savings from New Lighting Standards. -30- WESTERN REGION: ALASKA: ALASKA NEW RESIDENTIAL: PRELIMINARY DATA (34,805,000 total population and $144,700 ,000,000 total personal income. (300,000 total population and $1,400,000,000 total personal income). TOTAL WESTERN REGION 1% of Western Region population. 1970 1% of Western Region personal income. ALASKA (BY POPULATION) NUMBER OF UNITS Single Family = 8,543,000 Low Density = 1,.379,000 NUMBER OF UNITS 85,430 @ 1,600 S.F./Unit = 136,688,000 S.F. Total 13,790 @ 3,600 S.F. = Low Rise = 1,757,000 49,644,000 S.F. Total 17,570 @ 18,000 S.F. = 316,260,000 S.F. Total High Rise = 263,000 2,630 @ 45,000 S.F. = 118,350,000 S.F. Total NEW RESIDENTIAL - ALASKA SQUARE FEET SINGLE YEAR FAMILY LOW DENSITY _LOW RISE HIGH RISE TOTAL 1970 136,688,000 49,644,000 316,260,000 118,350,000 620,900,000 1971 141,641,600 53,733,600 330,786,000 132,435,000 658,596,200 1972 146,595,200 57,823,200 345,312,000 146,520,000 696,250,040 1973 151,548,800 61,912,800 359,838,000 160,605,000 733,904,600 1974 156,502,400 66,002,400 374,364,000 174,690,000 771 ,558,300 1975 161,456,000 70,092,000 388,890,000 188,775,000 809,213,000 1976 166,409,600 74,181,600 403,416,000 202,860,000 846,867,200 1977 =: 171,363,200 78,271,200 417,942,000 216,945,000 884,521,400 1978 =176,316,3800 82,360,800 432,468,000 231,030,000 922,175,560 1979 =181,270,400 86,450,400 446,994,000 245,115,000 959 829,800 1980 186,224,000 90,540,000 461,520,000 259,200,000 997,484,000 =31= NEW NON-RESIDENTIAL - ALASKA (10® SQUARE FOOT) YEAR OFFICE RETAIL SCHOOLS HOSPITALS OTHER TOTAL 1970 6.8 7.6 8.57 2.10 14.15 39.22 1971 7.3 8.3 8.97 2.21 14.88 41.66 1972 7.8 9.0 9.38 2.33 15.61 44.12 1973 8.3 9.7 9.78 2.44 16.35 46.57 1974 8.8 10.4 10.19 2.55 17.08 49.02 1975 9.3 11.1 10.59 2.67 17.81 51.47 1976 9.8 11.8 10.99 2.78 18.54 53.91 1977 10.3 12.5 11.40 2.89 19.27 56.36 1978 10.8 13.2 11.80 3.00 20.01 58.81 1979 11.3 13.9 12.21 3.12 20.74 61.27 1980 11.8 14.6 12.61 3.23 21.47 63.71 RESIDENTIAL RENOVATION (50% OF REMOVAL RATE) SQUARE FOOT SINGLE YEAR FAMILY LOW DENSITY LOW RISE HIGH RISE TOTAL 1970 1,629,600 667,800 5,616,000 2,250,000 10,163,400 1971 3,259,200 1,335,600 11,232,000 4,500,000 20,326,800 1972 4 ,888 ,800 2,003,400 16,848 ,000 6,750,000 30,490,200 1973 6,518,400 2,671,200 22,464,000 9,000 ,000 40,653,200 1974 8,148,000 3,339,000 28 ,080 , 000 11,250,000 50,817,000 1975 9,777,600 4,006,800 33 ,696 ,000 13,500,000 60,980,400 1976 11,407,200 4,674,600 39,312,000 15,750,000 71,143,800 1977 13,036 ,800 5,342,400 44,928,000 18,000,000 81,307,200 1978 14,666,400 6,010,200 50,544,000 20,250,000 91,470,600 1979 16,296 ,000 6,678,000 56,160,000 22,500,000 101,634,000 1980 17,925,600 7,345,800 61,776,000 24,750,000 111,796,400 NON-RESIDENTIAL RENOVATION 15% OF NEW CONSTRUCTION (10® SQUARE FOOT) YEAR OFFICE RETAIL SCHOOLS HOSPITALS OTHER TOTAL 1970 0.0750 0.105 0.0608 0.0165 0.1095 0.3668 1971 0.150 0.210 0.1215 0.0330 0.2190 0.7335 1972 0.225 0.315 0.1823 0.0495 0.3285 1.1003 1973 0.300 0.420 0.2430 0.0660 0.4380 1.4670 1974 0.375 0.525 0.3038 0.0825 0.5475 1.8338 1975 0.450 0.630 0.3645 0.0990 0.6570 2.2005 1976 0.525 0.735 0.4253 0.1155 0.7665 2.5673 1977 0.600 0.840 0.4860 0.1320 0.8760 2.9340 1978 0.675 0.945 0.5468 0.1485 0.9855 3.3008 1979 0.750 1.050 0.6075 0.1650 1.0950 3.6675 1980 0.825 7.155 0. 6683 0.1815 1.2045 4.0343 -32- Single Family Low-Density Low-Rise High-Rise OFFICES RETAIL SCHOOLS HOSPITALS OTHER RESIDENTIAL UNIT ENERGY Fr = 0.25 (Residential) Fr = 0.50 (Non-Residential) FROM TABLE 4: BUILDING TYPE SUPPLIED (%) SAVINGS (1,000 BIU/FI .2-YEAR) FROM FROM FROM FROM SAVINGS A-1 A-2 A-3 A-4 (DIFFERENCE ) 100.4 92.9 7.50 100.4 92.9 7.50 297.7 162.7 135.0 297.7 162.7 135.0 NON-RESIDENTIAL UNIT ENERGY SAVINGS (1,000 BTU/FT.¢ - YEAR) SAVINGS 6 (A-5) 107.3 (A-6) 141.3 7 (A-7) 168.9 (A-8) 105.8 3 (A-9) 75.2 (A-10) 78.1 7 (A-3) 162.7 (A-4) 135.0 .6 (Average) 128.5 (Average) 115.05 WESTERN REGION FOSSIL FUEL ELECTRICALLY SUPPLIED (%) RESTDENTIAL Single Family 78% 22% Low Density 78% 22% Low Rise 94% 6% High Rise 94% 6% NON-RESTDENTIAL Office 64% 36% Retail 64% 36% School 64% 36% Hospital 60% 40% Other 75% 25% Er = 65% Ee = 30% -33- ENERGY SAVINGS FOR TOTAL NEW CONSTRUCTION IN 1980 (1) Ey = Ny (Ay)(Ey - Ey') UNIT ENERGY TOTAL NEW AREA SAVINGS (1,000 TOTAL SAVINGS (108 S.F.) BIU/FT2-YR) (1012 BTUsyR.) BUILDING TYPE (N) BUILT (Ny x Ay) (Ey - Ey') (En) RESIDENTIAL Single Family 12.38 7.50 0.093 Low Density 10.22 7.50 0.077 Low Rise 39.32 135.00 5.308 High Rise 35.21 135.00 4.753 SUB-TOTAL 10.231 NON-RESIDENTIAL Office 1.25 141.3 0.177 Retail 1.75 105.3 0.184 Schools 1.0] 78.1 0.079 Hospitals 0.28 135.0 0.038 Other 6.12 . 115.05 0.704 SUB-TOTAL 1.182 GRAND TOTAL NEW CONSTRUCTION ENERGY SAVINGS (1012 BTU/YR.) (1980) = 11.413 -34- RENOVATED CONSTRUCTION IN 1980 ENERGY SAVINGS FOR TOTAL UNIT ENERGY TOTAL_NEW AREA SAVINGS. (1,000 TOTAL, SAVINGS (108 S.F.) BTU/FT2-YR) (10!¢ BTusyR.) BUILDING TYPE (N) (Np x Ap) (Fr (Ey - Ey) . ER RESIDENTIAL (Fp = 0.25) Single Family 4.074 1.875 0.008 Low Density 1.670 1.875 0.003 Low Rise 14.040 33.750 0.474 High Rise 5.625 33.750 0.190 SUB-TOTAL 0.675 NON-RESIDENTIAL (Fp = 0.50) Office 0.1875 70.65 0.013 Retail 0.2625 52.65 0.014 Schools 0.1519 39.05 0.006 Hospitals 0.0413 67.50 0.003 Other 0.2738 57.52 0.016 SUB-TOTAL 0.0520 GRAND TOTAL RENOVATED ENERGY SAVINGS (10!4 BTusyR.) (1980) = 0.727 -35- RAW SOURCE SAVINGS SAVINGS RAW FOSSIL RAW FUEL TOTAL_ ENERGY SAVINGS SAVINGS ELEC. BUILDING TYPE (1012 Btu) (1012 BTU) (1012 BTU) RESIDENTIAL Single Family 0.1010 0.1212 0.0741 Low Density 0.0800 0.0960 0.0587 Low Rise 5.7820 8.3617 1.1564 High Rise 4.9430 7.1483 0.9886 SUB-TOTAL 10.9060 15.7272 2.2778 TOTAL ENERGY SAVINGS FROM RESIDENTIAL SECTOR RELATED TO RAW SOURCE = 18.005 x 1012 BTU/YR. (1980) NON-RESTDENTIAL Office 0.1900 0.1871 0.2280 Retail 0.1980 0.1950 0.2376 Schools 0.0850 0.0837 0.1020 Hospitals 0.0410 0.0378 0.0547 Other : 0.7200 0.8308 0.6923 SUB-TOTAL 1.2340 1.3344 1.3146 TOTAL SAVINGS RELATED TO RAW SOURCE - NON-RESIDENTIAL SECTOR = 2.6490 x 1012 BTU/YR. (1980) GRAND TOTAL ENERGY SAVINGS FROM MANDATORY THERMAL EFFICIENCY STANDARDS: 20.654 x 10!2 BTU/YR. (1980)* * Note: This figure includes savings as a result of mandatory lighting standards. -36- Assessment of Actual Energy Savings The purpose of assessing the actual energy savings resulting from implementation of each program measure in 1980 is to provide the State with a means of determining the effect that each program measure had on attain- ing the energy conseration goal for the entire program, and, by totalling these results, to determine the success of the overall program. It will be possible for the State to quantify program measure results in terms of Btu's saved to some degree of accuracy. However, it would be misleading to compare these actual results to the estimated energy savings that were calculated at the beginning of the program. The calculations of estimated energy savings were based on numerous projections and assumptions, which may prove to be totally inaccurate. Many factors will affect actual energy consumption in the state in the next few years. Such factors include: population trends; economic development; annual heating degree days; alter- nate energy resource development; and implementation of additional national, as well as state, energy conservation programs which are not planned at this time. Since some of these factors were not considered by FEA in projecting statewide energy consumption in 1980 for Alaska, a comparison between actual savings and projected savings will be meaningless. The final comparison, therefore, for each program measure, must be between the actual energy consumed with the program measure and the estimated energy that would have been consumed without the program measure in 1980, with all other factors being equal. Portions of this Report describe, for each program measure, the general step by step procedures that the State will follow in assessing actual energy savings. -37- Assessment of Actual Energy Savings for Thermal Efficiency Standards To determine the actual energy savings in 1980 resulting from implemen- tation of the thermal efficiency standards Program measure, the State shall use the following method: Step 1: Step 2: Step 3: Step 4: Determine the total square footage of buildings existing in 1980 that were affected by the standards (newly con- structed and renovated). Determine the amount of energy (in Btu's) that was con- sumed in 1980 to heat those buildings. Estimate the amount of energy (in Btu's) that would have been consumed in 1980 for heating the same buildings if they were not built according to the standards. Calculate the difference. The difference will represent the energy saved, in (Btu's), as a result of the thermal efficiency standards program measure. -38- Thermal Efficiency Standards Estimated Costs of Implementation (in $000's) Contributor 1977 only) Total State of Alaska (Personal Services) (6.00) Local Government (Personal Services) (2.50) -39- 2. Lighting Efficiency Standards The description of the manner in which the State plans to implement the Lighting Efficiency Standards Program Measure, along with a listing of milestones, has already been included under the Thermal Efficiency Standards section of this Report. Therefore, to avoid repetition, this sec- tion refers only to the estimated energy savings and estimated cost of im- plementation associated with the Lighting Efficiency Standards Program Measure. This information is provided on the following pages. -40- CALCULATIONS OF ENERGY SAVINGS FOR MANDATORY LIGHTING EFFICIENCY STANDARDS* Introduction: The Federal Energy Administration's suggested methodology for computations of energy savings due to mandatory lighting efficiency standards has been used and calculations made in accordance with these suggested methods. The result of the analysis is to forecast an energy savings in the year 1980, of .2339 x 1012 BTU/year. Assumptions: Basic assumtions regarding certain factors required for estimated predicted savings in energy are as follows: The factors of savings indicated in Table 11 of the S.R.I. report are assumed correct for existing buildings but the factors for new buildings are assumed to be uniformly 0.65 except hospitals are assumed to have a factor of 0.7. The estimated operating hours per year for the five building categories as presented in Table 22 of the report are assumed reasonable. Formula (1) is assumed to indicate the desired quantity, energy savings (E,), when programs are implemented. From the S.R.1I. report 1 the commercial square footage available in Alaska in 1970 may be calculated by: Sq. Ft. = Ps + Pr x Commercial Buildings (sq. ft.) Where Ps = Pr = 0.0087 for Alaska From the report data, in 1970 there were 43,069,200 square feet of commercial space in Alaska. It is felt this estimated figure did not accu- rately reflect the actual 1970 condition but could probably be used as an esti- mate of 1975 commercial square feet available. It is also assumed (due to the lack of more definitive data) the propor- tion of each category of commercial space is the same as presented in the S.R.I. * Prepared by Mark Fryer and Associates, Anchorage, Alaska -41- report data. Therefore, the percentage of each type of space is: Offices - 18% Retail - 19% Schools - 22% Hospitals - 5% Other - 36% If the same estimated percentage population five year increase of 40% (or annual 7% increase) as denoted in the Waarvik® report is applied, the esti- mated State civilian population in 1980 would be 531,000. If, as it has been presumed for this report, the commercial square feet of building space in the State of Alaska in 1975 was a total of 34,069,200! , with the 1975 population being 379 ,286° the resultant square feet of commercial space per capita in 1975 was 89.82. If it is assumed in 1980 an equal per capita commercial square footage is available, the total 1980 commercial square footage in the State of Alaska would be 47,696,844 square feet. This figure compares very favorably with the S.R.I. projected available aggregate commercial square footage available in 1980 of 50,703,600 square feet. For the purposes of estimation in the following calcu- lations, a 1980 figure of 48,000,000 square feet will be used. Summary of Assumptions: Table 1 APPROXIMATE ENERGY CONSERVATION REDUCTION POTENTIAL FOR COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS (1975 = 1.00) Existing New Office Buildings (Type 1) 0.8 0.65 Retail Stores (Type 2) 0.7 0.65 Schools (Type 3) 0.8 0.65 Hospitals (Type 4) 0.8 0.70 Other (Type 5) 0.8 0.65 -42- OQ 7 oO oO —~ a — ~~ ww u u m oO =~ _ ~ a F,() C,(i) En(i) 3.33 = To assess T) = Tz = Ts = Table 2 ESTIMATED OPERATING HOURS PER YEAR Office Buildings 3500 Retail Stores 4000 Schools 2500 Hospitals 8760 Other 4000 3.33 Pr + Ps $ T30 D- Fe CD Ce (i) be (1) + B - Fae, (4) En(i)} asl Energy saved within the State (102 BTU/year) Operating hour factor = old operating hours 3 new operating hours for building type i (See Table 2) Regional population State of Alaska population Reduced lighting in existing buildings of type i (See Table 1) Fraction of existing building of type i complying with reduced lighting operations Total lighting energy (1022 BTU/year) expended in existing build- ings of type i if no conservation were implemented Reduced lighting in new buildings of type i (See Table 1) Fraction of new buildings of type i constructed to reduce lighting standards (See Table 1) Total lighting energy (1012 BTU/year) in new buildings of type i if no conservation were implemented Factor to correct for 30 percent generating efficiency. the results of shorter operating hours, assume: Ty = 0.9 (mandated 10% reduction in hours) Ta = 1.0 (no reduction in hours) 0.8 (mandated 20% reduction in hours) If no other changes were made, the following percentage savings would result for each building type: -43- Offices (Type 1) 10% Retail Stores (Type 2) - 10% Schools (Type 3) - 0% Hospitals (Type 4) - 0% Other (Type 5) - 20% or based on proportional square footage of each type, a net percentage energy savings of 6.05% of unrestrained lighting energy consumption would result. If reduced operating hours were not mandated, then T; would equal 1.0 for all building types. The following estimates are based on no reduction in operating hours. The following tables indicate expected values for the years 197u through 1980: Tabte 3 PROJECTED COMMERCIAL SQUARE FEET (SQ. FT.) 1977 1978 1979 1980 Offices 7,060 ,500 7,560 ,000 8,082,000 8,640,000 Retail Stores 7,452,750 7 5980 ,000 8,531,000 9,120,000 Schools 8,629,500 9,240 ,000 9,878 ,000 10,560 ,000 Hospitals 1,961,250 2,100,000 2,245 ,000 2,400,000 Other 14,121,000 15,120,000 16,164,000 17,280,000 TOTAL 39,225,000 42 ,000 ,000 44 ,900 ,000 48 ,000 ,000 Table 4 UNRESTRAINED ENERGY USE (10228TU/YEAR) 1977 1978 1979 1980 Offices 0.115 0.123 0.132 0.141 Retail Stores 0.138 0.148 0.158 0.169 Schools 0.127 0.136 0.145 0.155 Hospitals 0.069 0.074 0.079 0.084 Other 0.253 0.271 0.290 0.310 TOTAL 0.702 0.752 0.804 0.859 If it is assumed full implementation of conservation measures were in force by July 1, 1978 and 10% of existing square footage is remodeled under the new programs each year and it is also assumed all new construction is -44- built following the new standards, Table 5 represents the annual savings ® resulting from the new programs. Table 5 ESTIMATED ENERGY SAVINGS 1978 Offices 0.0087 Retail Stores 0.0075 Schools 0.0049 Hospitals 0.0031 Other 0.0189 1979 0.0228 0.0340 0.0242 0.0123 0.0491 (1012 BTu/YEAR) 1980 0.0325 0.0524 0.0358 0.0949 0.0949 -_ ee TOTAL 0.0431 0.1424 0.2339 Note the yearly totals do not add but indicate only the energy savings per year so that by 1980 with 25% of the existing commercial building square footage in compliance and all new construction complying with the conserva- tion measures an expected savings of 0.2339 x 1012 BTU/year can be expected to be’saved. This results in an over-all percentage savings compared to predicted unrestrained energy consumption in 1980 of approximately 27%. Remember, this figure relates only to energy consumed in commercial building lighting in both public and private sectors of the economy. -45- SUMMARY As was mentioned earlier, the information presented in the SR.I. report would not appear to accurately reflect conditions in the State of Alaska. However, the data provide a relatively good basis for calculating a rough approximation of energy savings due to lighting conservation programs. As is shown by performing calculations using some reasonable assumptions, the amount of energy which could be saved may be substantial. Without hard accurate data, however, a firm conclusion would be difficult to make. It would be suspected the estimated 27% over-all lighting energy saved would be offset to a degree by loss of heat generated by the lights and transmitted to the space. This heat would have to be made up by increas- ed space heating. Again, without firm data, it would be difficult to predict how the projected lighting savings would be offset by this increased space heating requirement. RECOMMENDATIONS It is recommmended a comprehensive survey be made to determine critical factors related to the proposed lighting conservation methods. Data needed include type and area of commercial square feet available, light- ing energy consumed by type of occupancy and heating systems breakdown for types of space. This data should be collected on a regional base if -46- a regional energy savings prediction is desired. It is felt an allo- cation of calculated energy use based on a direct population ratio without sufficiently accurate data, does not fully account for the ethnic, cultural and economical differences throughout Alaska. It is further recommended the conservation measures included in the S.R.1. report regarding mandatory lighting practices be applied as part of an over-all energy conservation program relating to the special conditions (vast area, widely varying daylight hours, intermingled cultures, differing regional lifestyles) encountered in the State of Alaska. -47- BIBLIOGRAPHY Stanford Research Institute, "Methodology for Estimating Energy Savings For State Conservation Plans" (April 1976). American Society of Heating, Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Engineers, "Standard 90-75 Workbook" (November 1975). Federal Energy Administration, "Lighting and Thermal Operations" Conservation Paper Number 18 (1975). Kent Miller and Oliver Scott Goldsmith, “Energy Consumption in Alaska, Estimate and Forecast" (January 1977). Mavis Waarvik, "State of Alaska Current Population Estimates by Census Divisions" (July 1975). -4g- Assessment of Actual Energy Savings for Lighting Efficiency Standards To determine the actual energy savings in 1980 resulting from imp1ement- ation of the lighting efficiency standards program measure, the State shall perform the following steps: Step 1: Step 2: Step 3: Step 4: Determine the total square footage of buildings existing in 1980 that were affected by the standards (newly con- structed and renovated). Determine the amount of energy (in Btu's) that was con- sumed in 1980 for lighting those buildings. Estimate the amount of energy (in Btu's) that would have been consumed in 1980 for lighting the same buildings if they were not built according to the Standards. Calculate the difference. The difference will represent the energy saved in Btu's, as a result of the lighting efficiency standards program measure. -49- Lighting Efficiency Standards Estimated Costs of Implementation (in $000's) Contributor 1977 on] State of Alaska (Personal Services) (6.00) Local Government (Personal Services) (2.50) -50- 3. Program Measures to Promote the Availability and Use of Carpools, Vanpools and Public Transportation The minimum criteria outlined in FEA's Guidelines for Carpool, Vanpool and Public Transportation Program Measures are: (a) The State must have at least one of the following actions in place and ready to implement by January 1, 1978, in at least one urbanized area with a population of 50,000 or more within the State or in the largest urbanized area within the State if that State does not have an urbanized area with a population of 50,000 or more: 1. 2. 10. a carpool/vanpool matching and promotion campaign; park-and-ride lots; preferential traffic control for carpoolers and transit patrons; preferential parking for carpools and vanpools; variable working schedules; improvements in transit level of service; exemption of carpools and vanpools from regulated carrier status; parking taxes, parking fee regulations, or surcharge on parking costs; full cost parking fees for State and/or local govern- ment employees; urban area traffic restrictions; -51- ll. geographical or time restrictions on automobile use; or 12. area or facility tolls. (b) The Program measures must be coordinated with the relevant Metropolitan Planning Organization unless no Metropolitan Planning Organization exists in the urbanized area, and not be inconsistent with any applicable Federal requirement. The main intent of this mandatory program measure is to reduce urban Passenger transportation energy use by adopting specific Programs, policies, and procedures that stimulate automobile and van ride sharing and use of public transportation as an alternative to the single occupant vehicle. The potential for achieving a significant amount of statewide energy savings through implementation of these Program measures in Alaska is minimal because of the absence of large urbanized areas in the State. Anchorage, with a population of 175,000, is the only true urban center in Alaska. According to statistics Prepared by the Alaska Department of Highways, 62% of all vehicle-miles travelled in the state occur in rural areas. Furthermore, due to the size, remoteness and other geo- graphic conditions that exist in Alaska which prohibit an extensive intrastate highway system, major modes of transportation in the State are air and marine travel. Aircraft fuel consumes 50.9% of the energy used for transportation in Alaska. Considering these unique factors, the implementation of Program measures to promote the availability and use of carpools, vanpools and public transportation in Alaska will achieve a proportionately smaller amount of energy savings (as compared to other program measures) than will occur in most other states. Nevertheless, because a potential for eneray savings does exist -52- in this area, and because such program measures are required by FEA, the State of Alaska plans to implement Program measures to promote the availability and use of carpools, vanpools and public transportation as part of its Energy Conservation Program. Since the greatest potential for achieving energy savings through implementation of these program measures lies in Alaska's ony urbanized area, the State plans to focus its attention on the Anchorage area. Two program measures suggested in the FEA Guidelines, a carpool/ vanpool matching campaign and improvements in transit level of service, have recently been implemented in Anchorage. A major portion of this section of the Plan Report is devoted to describing the nature of these program measures, and specifying how the State plans to use the resources provided by the Federal/State Energy Conservation Program to promote them. The remainder of this section will discuss the future Prospects of implementing additional carpool, vanpool and public transportation re- lated program measures in the state. The Anchorage Carpooling Demonstration Project On May 19, 1976, The Anchorage Metropolitan Area Transportation Study (AMATS) Policy Committee included the Anchorage Carpooling Program in the TSME. It was decided that funding for this Program should come from urban systems funds. A request for $54,800 was submitted to FHWA in Juneau as a first year budget for the carpooling program. The Alaska Department of Highways has described the Anchorage Car- pool Program as a short range program designed to improve auto occupancy and overall traffic conditions in the Anchorage area. The existing traffic facilities are being overburdened with the increasing number of cars. Demand for more parking in the downtown area is increasing at the same rate. Unless relief can be brought to these conditions serious traffic problems will occur. -53- The Anchorage Carpool Program was born out of three factors: 1. Outlying arterials which feed into major arterials leading to and from the CBD are operating at maximum capacity during morning and evening rush hours. 2. Shortage of convenient parking for non-CBD employees created by all day parkers. 3. Strong indication from auto Occupancy survey for high improvement potential in auto occupancy rate. Carpooling, along with mass transit, is considered the most viable alter- native to providing improvements to the above conditions. The two phases of the carpooling program are identified as: 1. Program planning and research, 2. Operations. The planning and research phase are the responsibility of the AMATS staff and the operations phase is the responsibility of the Municipal Traffic Engineering Division. The planning and research phase has been completed and the program is presently in the operations phase. The actual tasks to be conpleted during the operations phase are the overall responsibility of the Anchorage Capool Manager who was placed in the fall of 1976. The actual implementation of the program began on February 1, 1977. A description of the Anchorage Carpooling Demonstration Project is pro- vided on the following pages. This description was prepared by the Alaska Department of Highways. Also included is an implementation plan as prepared by the carpoool manager. This Plan describes the strategy for implementation of the program during calendar year 1977. Although the primary purpose of the Anchorage Carpooling Demonstration Project is to relieve problems of traffic congestion and parking, one of the results of the program will be a reduction in fuel consumption by motor vehicles in the Anchorage area. Consequently, the D.£.P.D. plans to actively -54- ANCHORAGE CARPOOLING DEMONSTRATION. PROJECT ADMINISTRATIVE ACTION ' ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT NON-MAJOR ACTION DETERMINATION STATE OF ALASKA DEPARTMENT OF HIGHWAYS Submitted in accordance with the U. S. Department of Trans- portation, Federal Highway Administration, Program Manual, Volume 7, Chapter 7, Section 2. Attachment #2 (4) 1) Location and Description of Project AMATS proposes a carpool program as a new element within its planning Function. This program will be a joint effort with the Municipality of Anchorage and the State Department of Highways. Other communities which have developed or are considering carpool programs will be surveyed in order to ascertain the points of success and failure. Such communities include Seattle, Wash.; Portland, Oregon; Erie, Pa.; Greensboro, N.C.; Topeka, Kan.; Lexington, Ky.; Knoxville, Tenn.; and Boise, Idaho. Statistics show 278,700 automobile work trips occurring daily in the Anchorage area with 58,500 (21%) of those trips downtown oriented. 25% of those downtown trips (14,800) occur between the hours of 7-9 a.m. and 4:30- 6:00 p.m. Recent figures show the auto occupancy rate during morning and evening commuting hours to be 1.3 persons per vehicle. Improvement in this ratio of occupants per vehicle will result in an overall benefit to the ! transportation system and its efficiency. (a) Market Area The prime consumers to which the carpool program will be directed are the downtown commuters. With the present parking and traffic situation of heavy congestion, the central business district would be most conducive to the success of a ride sharing program. In addition, major employment centers such as the Airport, the University/Hospital complex, and the Northern Lights Retail Shopping area should also receive the benefits of ride sharing. Efforts of commuter pooling will be directed toward daily commuters and employers, seeking participation from both. (b) Program Strategy and Methodology In order to meet the objective of the carpooling program, a methodology or strategy for implementation must be developed. Such a strategy will contain the following five elements: 1. Promotion 2. Incentives 3. Matching 4. Education 5. Evaluation attachment #2 (ii) £ ee « sell the carpooling program as a viable trans- portation alternative to the commuter. Unless the commuter/worker is aware of the program, uses the riding maching service, and realizes the benefits, most likely he will continue to drive alone. Active support and promotion will be sought from the political, governmental, and business leadership of the community. Areawide promotion on television, radio, newspaper, along with printed brochures will be extensively used. The success or failure of a carpooling program will depend largely on the incentives provided to carpoolers - Incentives such as assigned or reserved parking spaces; sliding scale parking rates for carpoolers; knowledge and publicity of economic costs and savings; prizes, awards and recognition; free People Mover bus passes for use by carpooling families. If possible merchandise or service discounts from downtown businessmen will be explored. The advantage of removing parking from streets during early morning commuter parking hours will be explored as a disincentive to all day parkers. The element of ride matching provides the commuter with the cost/convenience aspect of the pooling program. Commuters who live in the same general area or along a similar travel route, and who work in the close proximity within the downtown area will produce the most effective and efficient carpool. Matching will be developed with two methods: computer matching through the U.T.P.S. package and manual matching by transportation staff personnel. A variety of solicitation methods will be utilized such as newspaper newsletters, phone bill mailouts, and public contact. Short application/informational forms will be mailed into a central screening point for prospective car- poolers and will be matched with compatible commuters. The education element will better acquaint the public with the implications of present and future traffic conditions in Anchorage. Improved public awareness of alternative transportation concepts to the single rider private automobile will enable such programs as carpooling to be more successful. An informed public will make better decisions, which in turn will benefit the overall transportation system. Presentatii will be made to business and civic groups as well as neighborhood Community Councils. Federal, State and local governments will also receive a major focus of attention. Possible use of take home vehicles as carpools will be explored. Attachment #2 {ici) 2) - 3) The element o£ evaluation will permit adminis- trators to measure the effectiveness of the program after the initial year of operation. Logical criteria for evaluation will allow for improvement in the carpooling system and permit changes during the anticipated second and succeeding years of operation. (c) Management The Municipality Transportation Planning Section will have the responsibility of planning and organizing the carpooling program. Assistance will be provided by the Municipality Traffic Engineer's Office and State Department of Highways, A.M.A.T.S. Planning Section. (d) Long Term Implication Throughout the initial year of the carpooling system, maximum efforts will be directed towards establishing a viable, continuing program of ride sharing which can be built upon in future years. (Graph No. I.) The true success of such a program depends upon the continued use of carpools over many years. In addition, other alternative forms of transportation such as bus transit will be stressed. A flexible work hours program for major business and govern- ment offices also presents similar advantages for reducing peak hour vehicles in concentrated areas, and such programs will likewise be encouraged. Purpose of the Project The purpose of the carpooling program is as follows: to increase the auto occupancy rate from its present level of 1.3 occupants per vehicle to 1.5 occupants per vehicle during peak commuter hours within the initial year of operation. An improvement of .2 persons per auto trip would mean approximately 1,000 less vehicles converging and leaving the downtown area between the hours of 7-9 a.m. and 4:30-6:00 p.m. Probable Impacts of the Proposal The proposed program, when completed, will produce a better awareness of the needs and benefits of carpools. (a) Air Quality Impacts Air quality will not be adversely affected by implementation of this project. The reduction of vehicles stimulated by this program will help to offset the increasing number of vehicles used in Anchorage. Attachment #2 (iv) = a v a we 4) 5) (b) Social lnnpacts The re-education of people toward carpooling will take some time. Several people will readily accept it while the majority will require time and incentives. The use of disincentives such as parking removal will be explored. Public reaction will be considered in deciding whether this disincentive will be retained. There will be no relocation of families or businesses if this project is implemented. (c) Water Quality Impacts Water quality will not be adversely affected by implementation of this program. (d) Noise Impacts Implementation of this program could result in the lowering of noise levels. (e) Impacts on Fish and Wildlife Resources The project will not affect the pattern of behavior of fish or wildlife species or their breeding, nesting or feeding grounds. Section 4(f) and Section 6(f) Involvement The proposed project does not involve any parks, recreation areas, wildlife refuges or historical sites. Public Involvement The Anchorage A-95 Metropolitan Clearinghouse has completed its review of the project. No adverse comments were received. The Environmental Coordinator has analyzed the proposal and evaluated the apparent concerns of the proposed project and has concluded that the project will not require the preparation nor circulation of the Notice to Intent to Develop. In addition, public hearings and the opportunity for a public hearing will not be necessary. (Federal-aid Highway Program Manual, Volume 7, Chapter 7, Section 5, Paragraph 6C). Attachment (v) 6) Basis of Environmental Assessment This project does not constitute a major action and will not adversely affect the environment of the areca involved while providing safety and economic benefits to the road user. This proposal meets the criteria set forth in Volume 7, Chapter 7, Section 2, Paragraph 10, e of the Federal Aid Highway Program Manual, and therefore requires neither a Negative Declaration or an E.1.S. Attachment #2 (vi) ane POUCH 6-650 \\ ANCHORAGE, ALASKA 99502 Municipality fo CAaAP)\ 007) 274-2525 oO { ae, i || \y Ses AY }} \ EHS Y) GEORGE M. SULLIVAN Anchorage DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION Traffic Engineering Division HQRAGE CAR POQL PLAN pe er January 3, 1977 PEs! ACH The basic strategy of this plan is to take the fullest advantage of the few factors that favor car pooling in Anchorage, Cold winter weather, which makes cars harder to start drive and park, is favorable to the car pool effort. Another favorable fac- tor is a_small number of people who will readily join a pool if given the opportunity. These people will deed little persuasion, and will respond favorably when first contacted, This group is very small, but large enough to form an enthusiastic nucleus of a good matching system, The municipal car pool matching program should begin as soom as it can be made ready, to take the fullest advantage of winter. The matching system should be tested and ready to go before the promotion begins, to avoid discouragment of the enthusiastic nucleus of support. ty) MAYOR BPpromotion of car pooling at the institutional level will be most successfull if the idea has already found some visible participants, and if employers and community opinion leaders are already aware of the effort and its objectives, (CAR POOL LAUNCH) Phase One of the plan will heavily promote car pooling and the Anchorage matching system. A large portion of our mass media effort will go into the first week. This approach will reach almost everyone¥can be attracted by media alone. At the same time, the larger majority will learn of the personal and public advantages of car pooling and the Anchorage car pooling progran, Our matching system will be most effective if we bring in our most willing applicants as quickly as possible, so that the file will contain the highest number of possible matches. If the same number of applications were received over a much longer time; the matching would take longef for each applicant and the matches would be less ideal, The reputation of the service will profit if the applicants are well matched in the shortest possible time, (CAR POOL EXPANTION ) Phage Two will be more difficult because we will be trying to interest less enthusiastic individuals and employers who will re~ Quire persuasive incentives. This group is not going to be con- vinced to join or form car pools by a mass media campaign, so the Attachment #3 (;) media effort will just remind the public that there is an effec— tive car pool service, which is good for the applicant and the community. The main effort in Phase Two, will be to create car pools where the incentives are highest, and in large centers of employment. We will identify keg individuals who are organ= ization leaders, willing to assist our efforts to establish new car pools. . We are realistic enough not to expect a massive influx of applicants in Phase One, but we will have enough success— fully operating pools to demonstrate the workings of the car pool system to skeptics. our efforts will be understood by those we contact in Phase Two, because the heavy media campaign in Phase One will tell them what we are trying to do. In the latter part of Phase Two, we will begin contact— ing one person in each pool to up date the file, locate open— ings, and assist pools which are having trouble. This pro— cedure will also provide the project with an excelent basis for evaluation, We will use what we learn in planing Phase Three. (CREATING INCENTIVES) Phase Theee of this plan will refine and continue ongoing activities, but the emphasis will be on the establishment of incentives to car pool. From the beginning of the project we will try to create incentives, but by Phase Three, possible incentives will have been examined and a proposal incorpor— ating the best of them have been prepared. This element of the project will require cooperation with professional plann- ers and elected officials, It will also require citizen in- put, and must be flexible. Phase Three will also be a time of up dating, re-evalu- ating, and determining the project future. The media effort will be increased to reflegt the return of colder weather, This second media campaign will focus on available incentives, and will be commensurate with remainang available funds. ( SCHEDULE ) PHASE ONE....-2e-ee-ebruary One, through February Twenty-Five (car pool assistant and matching system must be ready by February One) (Media campaign, and printed materials must be ready by January Twenty*First ) PHASE TWO....eeeeeeharch One, through June Twenty—Fourth PHASE THREE........duly Five Attachment #3 (<<) support the program from an energy conservation standpoint. The description of the carpool program lists five elements that are contained in the program strategy. These are: Promotions, incentives, matching, education and evaluation. The D.E.P.D. plans to become involved in two of these: promotion and education. Using funds provided by the Federal/State Energy Conservation Program, the D.E.P.D. will assist the Anchorage Carpool Manager in co-sponsoring a public information and educ- ation campaign that will be aimed at promoting the program. This campaign will take the form of newspaper ads, radio and television publicity, printing and distribution of brochures, signs and posters, and a_ series of present- ations made to local business and civic groups. In addition to FEA funding and the funds already allocated to promotional and educational activities in the carpool project budget, additional funds will be sought from state agencies, such as the Department of Environmental Conservation. Improvements in the Anchorage Public Transit System's Level of Service The utilization of high occupancy public transit vehicles is an effective method of improving urban transportation. An efficient public transit system not only alleviates traffic congestion and parking problams, but it is also an effective way to conserve energy by reducing automobile travel. A transit bus attains from 6 to 16 times the Passenger miles per gallon fuel rate (depending on the load factor) than does the average commuter automobile. The Anchorage Public Transit System has recently begun implementation of a program to improve the level of service that its bus system, the People . Mover, provides the people of the Anchorage area. The Transit Manager has out- lined the measures that are currently being implemented. These are presented below: "1. A system of daily ridership reporting by route and schedule number -55- is being implemented now. This will provide us with information to evaluate daily response to schedules by time element. Periodic appraisals of this information will allow transit management personnel the opportunity to revise routes and/or schedules for better utilization of driver person- nel and equipment. 2. In conjunction with the Planning Department and the Urban Observatory, the present route structure is now being evaluated. The input from these two groups will be integrated with in-house studies by a “temporary assigned" Route Supervisor. Attainable results should be: (a) Identification of routes and schedules as to - heavy, medium, and light ridership. Peak period buses will be added to heavy ridership lines. The light ridership lines will be restructured. (b) Development of criteria for establishing - 1. Needs and identification of headways for a commuter service in connection with employment. 2. General transportation needs that will benefit the under- privileged, the house wives, the general public. 3. Bus shelters have been erected on all present routes. Installation of One hundred (100) bus shelters has been planned over a three-year period. In the first planning year fourty-four shelters have been set in place. Twenty-five additional units have been scheduled for each of the next two years. Passenger information regarding routes and sched- ules will be installed in each shelter. 4. Maintenance has been analysed and the following steps have been under- taken to update the program: (a) A maintenance superintendent has been appointed with (1) authority, (2) responsibility, (3) accountability for equipment maintenance and safety. -56- (b) Preventive maintenance schedules have been established. (c) A check list is turned in to maintenance daily by the drivers with known deficiencies noted. (d) Computer records are maintained for the purpose of cost reporting and cost control by unit. Cost per mile has been established for each vehicle by maintenance component. 5. A safety program has been instituted by: (a) Establishing improved procedures for reporting and investi- gating accidents. (b) Setting up an Accident Review Board whose function is to review each accident and advise management of their opinion as to whether the accident was preventable or non-preventable. (c) Driver discussions on safe driving techniques and defensive driving. (d) Identification of a disciplinary course of action for accident repeaters. Other action being considered for implementation in the next year are: 1. A public enlightenment program so that the general public and the Present ridership have a better understanding of transportation service provided by the People Mover. 2. A review of our fare structure and the methods used in collecting and recording revenue. 3. Establish a marketing and sales promotion program for adding rider- ship to the transit system. 4. Develop a cost control program that will enable transit Management to plan better at the system level and ultimately at the route and sched- ule level. These records will include all facets of the system including administration and maintenance. -57- Long term plans up to five (5) years will include: 1. The planning necessary to provide Park-and-Ride lots. 2. Commuter express services. 3. In conjunction with (2) above, shuttle service related to dense living areas and lower income sections will be instituted. 4. Bus turnouts will be planned and established with the assistance and cooperation of other departments and agencies at the local and State level. 5. A new study will be commenced to evalauate the feasibility of CBD shuttle service in conjunction with fringe parking areas. This shuttle service will also be developed in conjunction with carpooling." One of the major capital improvements planned for 1977’ is the purchase of additional buses. The Transit System plans to add a total of 12 buses to its fleet by December, 1977. This represents an increase of 46% over the number of buses operating in December, 1976. Furthermore, in an effort to promote energy conservation and fuel economy, the new buses added to the fleet will all be diesel-powered, rather than gasoline-fired, vehicles. A primary goal of the Anchorage Public Transit System is to significantly increase the number of bus riders in the Anchorage area in 1977. Figures for 1976 indicate that approximately 875,000 people rode the bus in 1976. Pro- jected ridership for 1977 has been set at approximately 1,328,000. This rep- resents an increase of almost 52% of the 1976 figure. Not only will a signifi- cant increase in ridership help reduce automobile trips, but it will also increase the load factor per bus, resulting in a more efficient passenger mileage rate. The D.E.P.D. plans to assist the Anchorage Public Transit System in achieving its goal of attaining a 52% increase in bus ridership by launching a public information, education and promotion campaign which will be aimed at motivating people in the Anchorage area to take the bus more often. Whereas -58- improvements in the level of service, such as increases in the number of buses and bus schedules, greater Frequency in bus stops, and an expansion in areawide coverage, will Provide some stimulus, the ultimate challenge is to persuade people to make more frequent use of this service. By infor- ming the public of the many benefits inherent in substituting bus travel for automobile travel, an effective Promotion campaign can provide the necessary additional motivation. The program measures to promote the Anchorage Carpooling Demonstration Project and the Anchorage Public Transit System's program to improve its level of service will be closely coordinated with the appropriate local person- nel and agencies that are associated with these programs. These include: the Anchorage Carpool Manager, the Anchorage Municipal Traffic Engineering Division, the Anchorage Municipal Public Information Office, the Anchorage Public Transit System Manager, the Anchorage Public Transportation Planning Division, and the Anchorage Metropolitian Area Transportation Study (AMATS) staff. Plans are currently being made to formulate a committee for the purpose of coordinating the activities of various state and local agencies that will be involved in the promotion campaign. Prospective members include: From the State Level: 1. The State Energy Conservation Coordinator from the D.E.P.D.> 2. a representative from the Department of Environmental Con- servation, Anchorage District; 3. a representative from the Department of Highways, Anchorage District; anc 4. a representative from the Cook Inlet Air Resources Management District. From the local level: 1. the Anchorage Carpool Manager; 2. the Public Transit Manager; 3. the Municipal Public Information Officer; and -59- 4. a representative from the Municipal Transportation Planning Division. In a further effort to promote transportation-related energy con- servation program measures in the Anchorage area, the State Energy Con- servation Coordinator of the D.E.P.D. has been Placed on the AMATS Tech- nical Committee. The purpose of the Technical Committee is to make recommendations to the AMATS Policy Committee on Program measures that will Promote the development and implementation of an effective transportation plan for the Anchorage area. Prospects for Additional Carpool, Vanpool and Public Transportation Programs in Alaska To determine the potential for implementing additional program measures to promote the availability and use of carpoools, vanpools and public trans- portation in the state, the D.E.P.D. requested the Transportation Planning Division of the Department of Highways to prepare a report addressing this subject. The report, entitled "Discussion of Proposed FEA Program Measures for Transportation-related Energy Conservation", was prepared by Peter Eakland, Transportation Planning Division, and was completed in January, 1977. The report is separated into three sections which discuss the following issues: 1. Overview of transportation energy useage in Alaska and constraints on improving energy conservation; 2. State programs in transit, carpooling and vanpooling; and 3. Information on each of the program measures contained in para. 420.35 (b) (1) of the FEA Guidelines. Information on the prospects for future transit, carpool and vanpool Programs in Alaska, as discussed in Section 2 of this report, are outlined below: -60- "The State programs at this time consist primarily of responding to technical assistance requests from localities, though State revenue sharing for publicly operated transit systems @ $5 per capita does exist. No state-wide goals have been set or will be | set, because of the emphasis on responding to local priorities and needs. An exception could be the use of state-owned vehicles for vanpool operations. a. transit The State receives approximately $25,000 from the Federal govern- ment annually for the Support of transit planning activities in non-urbanized areas (less than 50,000 population). The money is used to develop short-range transit development programs for small communities, coordinate Planning for Federal programs, and com- pile a state-wide inventory of transit services and needs. In the development of new transit systems, the primary concern is impro- ving mobility. For existing systems, the emphasis is on improving efficiency and service. In addition to the Planning funds mentioned above, the State has received approximately $120,000 for the past two years to be used by private non-profit corporations for the transport purchase of vehicles to the elderly and the handicapped. This program is designed to improve mobility and by increasing trip-making produces no energy savings. However, the program en- courages coordination of agencies providing similar services, so that improved efficiency is promoted during planning phases. Future goals for the State program will be to Provide through new legislation incentives for transit development. Two ideas under development are providing a Percentage of the local match required for Federal capital grants and allocating operating subsidies on the basis of level of service provided. -61- b. carpooling/vanpooling Federal legislation provides 90% Federal funding for carpooling demonstration programs in urban and urbanized areas. Local areas initiate the projects and provide the local match. The Highway Department provides technical assistance as required and pro- cesses the grant application, since Federal-aid construction funds are used. The Anchorage program, which was approved ‘by FHWA on August 31, 1976 for a total cost of $54,800, is the only existing program in Alaska. Eventually, the State would like to see programs in the State's other urban areas---Juneau, Ketchikan, and Fairbanks. Possibly, the State could centralize the computer matching task or administer a program on behalf of these areas. In vanpooling, the State will take a more active role than in car- pooling because of the need for solving state-wide problems related to the role of the Alaskan Transportation Commission, group insur- ance, vanpool contracts, and the potential use of state vehicles. State involvement will depend to a large extent on local interest in implementing vanpool programs." A listing of milestones for the carpool, vanpool and public transport- ation program is provided on the following page. -6§2- “£9- LISTING OF MILESTONES FOR CARPOOL, VANPOOL AND PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION PROGRAMS: Calendar Quarter or Year: 6-30-77 _ 9-30-77 12-31-77 3-31-78 6-30-78 9-30-78 12-31-78 1979 1980 *Begin im- | Begin *Plan for 1978 i *Plan for |*Plan for | *Plan for plementa- | Phase III | promotional cam- 1979 pro- {1980 pro- {1981 pro- tion of of Anchor- | paign (DEPD) motional motional motional 1977 pro- | age Carpool campaign campaign campaign motional Project Installation of (DEPD) (DEPD) (DEPD) campaign (July 5) 25 additional for Anch- bus shelters in Installa- orage car- | Increase Anchorage com- tion of pool and number of | pleted (Dec. 31) 25 addi- public bus tional bus transit schedules | Total of 12 new shelters in programs in Anchor- | buses added to Anchorage (DEPD) age toa People Mover completed (May) total of fleet (by Dec- (December 23 ember 31) 31) Completion | (by July) of Phase II of Anchorage Carpool Project (June 24) Evaluation of 1977 Anchorage Carpool Demon- stration Pro- ject; and plans for its contin- uation | *The promotional campaigns for the Anchorage Carpool and Public Transit Programs will be closely coordinated with the Public Information and Education Campaign, which is discussed under the "Additional Program Measures" section of this report. CALCULATIONS OF ESTIMATED ENERGY SAVINGS FOR CARPOOL, VANPOOL AND PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION PROGRAM MEASURE* INTRODUCTION: The Federal Energy Administration's suggested methodology for calculations of energy savings due to carpools, vanpools and public transportation program measures was reviewed. The methodology was found to be inaccurate when applied to Alaska. The firm of R & M Consultants, Inc. was contracted to analyze energy savings due to carpool, vanpool and public transportation program measures. Their analysis, portions of which are contained herein, reflects a calculated energy savings during the year 1980 of 0.882 x 10! Btu/yr. The following is the analysis of energy savings due to carpool, vanpool and public transportation program measures as determined by R & M Consultants, Inc. . " \..we feel the national guidelines provided for implementing this proposed energy reduction program through carpools, etc., are not applicable for Alaska. The national program is addressed to major urban areas and in particular to home/work trips as these were found on a national basis to be the least efficient type of travel to date. The data required in the guidelines for use in estimating the amount of energy consumed are too sophisticated for Alaska, and are based on much larger communities than can be found in Alaska including Anchorage. In fact, the under 250,000 population cities for which some ‘average' national data is provided are qualified as being bedroom communities to larger cities which, of course, is again not comparable, particularly at *Prepared by Mark Fryer and Associates, Anchorage, Alaska. -64- that magnitude to any situation in Alaska. Also, urban traffic in Alaska, as estimated from the Department of Highways' annual 'TA-1 Tables,' Shows that Alaska's urban vehicle-miles of travel is historically less than 40% of the state's annual total traffic. This means any proposed energy reduction program of this type would be addressed to only 40% of the state's travel. While this is perhaps a more realistic approach for Alaska, since a total statewide effort at this time would be too costly to implement, the reduced study area would likewise require larger reductions on a smaller percentage of Alaska's travel in order to achieve a significant reduction. The guidelines require local information on car Occupancy, particu- larly as related to work trips and other corresponding traffic statistics including volume data and trip lengths for both the past and at 1980. Other desirable data include fuel consumption rates for various types of vehicles used on these work trips and the corresponding variable con- sumption rates at different levels of car occupancy. A7%s0 required are the actual average total number of annual working days in the study area and the activities of the car left at home that is not participating in the carpooling. There are presently only two cities in the state that may have some of the basic data required to estimate the efficiency of any proposed carpooling, etc., type program. One is at Anchorage through the Department of Highways' comprehensive highway study known as AMATS and the other is at Fairbanks through the FMATS study. Base study year data for these cities are 1968 for Anchorage and 1969 for Fairbanks with updated data either sparse or non-existing or requiring some special extra effort to retrieve. While the original intent of these comprehensive studies was to update the data on a con- tinuous basis, for various reasons this has not been done too efficiently with all of the original data. According to the TA-1 tables and the 1968 AMATS studies, Anchorage had approximately 28% of all the 1968 traffic in Alaska, 33% of all the registered vehicles and roughly 39% of the total state population. With that in mind, we selected the Anchorage area for this study and reviewed all of the AMATS data we could obtain in the time allotted to see if there was a practical way by which we could estimate automobile gasoline means for reducing the gasoline consumption rate and the total fuel consumed in 1980. Working with graphs of population, registered vehicles, annual vehicle miles of travel and other standard combinations of the above, we estimated the total 1980 fuel consumption in Anchorage to be over 93,000,000 gallons, which corresponds to roughly 1/3 of the state's total annual vehicle miles of travel for that year. This compares to a total 1968 fuel consumption in Anchorage of over 20,000,000 gallons which represented 28% of the total state's automobile gasoline used that year. The total state consumption was estimated at 286,000,000 gallons for 1980. For converting vehicle miles of travel to gasoline, we used the state's average rate of 13.95 miles per gallon, which we understand was based on a one-of-a-kind statewide mail out survey conducted in 1971 by the Highway Department. Another detailed study is badly needed to verify this rate on a regional basis and by automobile type, etc. Unfortunately, no readily available summaries on vehicle miles of travel in Anchorage since the 1968 inventory appear to have been compiled; -66- consequently, a check on our traffic projection was not possible at this time. However, a 1971 update by AMATS noted a 30% increase in Anchorage traffic since 1968 which agrees with the curve we used for projecting total 1980 traffic in Anchorage. Using the AMATS data, we then projected the 1968 work/home trips and estimated that approximately 27,000,000 gallons would be consumed on this type of travel in Anchorage in 1980. (1968 work trips in Anchorage consumed 5,800,000 gallons). The Anchorage (AMATS) study area comprised approximately 250 square miles (excluding Eagle River). As it didn't seem practical at this time to try to address a program that would include the whole Anchorage area, we attempted to find the fuel con- sumption for just the downtown 'core' area (CBD) and the military bases as this area comprised roughly 31% of the 1968 Anchorage population and also represented approximately 12% of the total state's 1968 population. Our estimate of total fuel consumption in 1980 for this core area is approximately 18,600,000 gallons which represents 20% of the total AMATS travel in 1980. The 1968 car occupancy inventory study in AMATS was the only one that has ever been conducted in the tate to our knowledge with the exception of the one done for FMATS in 1969. The 1968 AMATS work trip occupancy ratio was found to be 1.19 persons per car with an overall 1.74 occupancy rate for Anchorage. As it doesn't seem practical to assume a doubling of the occupancy rate for any extended period as a viable solution, we assumed a 25% improvement in the work/home trips and came up with a possible 1,400,000 gallon savings in 1980 in the core area alone. If this same improvement were applied to all of Anchorage, a possible savings of over 7,000,000 gallons could be saved in 1980. -67- (Occupancy would improve from 1.19 to 1.50). It is proposed that the improvement in car occupancy would be the combined result of carpooling, vanpooling, or increased transit service, aS no one method in itself could produce the desired reductions..." EB. = 126,000 BTU/GAL,X7,000 000 GAL. SAVED = 12 = 0.882 x!O BT B50) -68- Assessment of Actual Energy Savings for Carpool, Vanpool and Public Transportation Program Measures A. Carpool Programs To determine the actual energy savings resulting from the implementation of carpool programs, the State will use the following methods outlined below: (This will be done for each community in which a carpool program exists in 1980). Step 1: Step 2: Step 3: Step 4: Step 5: Step 6: Step 7: Step 8: Step 9: Estimate the total number of vehicles being used for car- pooling (from local data). Estimate the total number of vehicles involved in car- pooling as a result of the program (i.e., separate out those vehicles that would be involved in carpooling volun- tarily, without the program. ) Determine the auto/occupancy rate per carpool vehicle (from local data). Determine the auto/occupancy rate per non-carpool vehicle (from local data). Calculate the number of people involved in carpooling. Determine the number of additional vehicles that would be used for home/work trips without the carpool program. Determine the average miles per year per vehicle for home/ work trips (from local data). Determine the total additional miles that would be travelled for home/work trips without the program. Determine the total amount of gas consumed by the additional home/work trips. (Divide total miles by average m.p.g. rate (from local data)). 502 Step 10: Convert gallons saved into Btu's to determine total savings from the program measure. B. Improvements in Transit Level of Service The program to provide improvements in the transit level of service in the Anchorage area is being sponsored by the Municipality of Anchorage. The Municipality will be monitoring the effectiveness of the program annually. However, since the main purpose of the program is not to reduce energy con- sumption per se, the results of the program will not be measured in terms of energy saved, but rather in terms of increased ridership. As explained previously in this Report, the State's input into this pro- gram, as part of the State Energy Conservation Program, is to support the Anchorage Public Transit Division's efforts to increase bus ridership by assisting in the implementation of a promotional campaign. The specific effect that such a campaign will have on increasing the ridership of the People Mover Bus System in 1980 will be extremely difficult to single out. ,Consequently, the actual energy savings resulting from this aspect of the carpool, vanpool and public transportation program will not be measured. -70- Carpool, Vanpool, and Public Transportation Program Measures Estimated Costs of Implementation (in $000's) Contributor (1977 only) Total “Municipality of Anchorage 123.3 (incl. matching FHWA grant) (54,800) Alaska Dept. of Environ. Conservation (under EPA matching grant) (10,000) Municipality of Anchorage (50,000) N/A 142.4 nn ae N/A 165. A N/A 150.d gist 4. Mandatory Standards and Policies Affecting the Procurement Practices of the State and its Political Subdivisions to Improve Energy Efficiency The requirements for this program measure, as outlined in the FEA Guide- lines are: (a) With respect to State procurement and with respect to procurement of political subdivisions to the extent determined feasible by the State, the standards and policies shall be in place and ready for implementation by January 1, 1978, unless an extension has been granted by FEA; and (b) they shall contain the elements deemed appropriate by the State to improve energy efficiency through the procurement practices of the State and its political subdivisions. Under the Constitution of the State of Alaska, the State cannot control the procurement practices of its political subdivisions. Therefore, the energy conservation related policies outlined in this section apply only to the pro- curement practices of the State. However, the D.E.P.D. does plan to provide the State's political subdivisions with suggested standards and recommend- ations for their adoption at the local level. Two areas in which significant energy savings can be realized by the adop- tion of energy efficient procurement policies are State motor vehicles and facilities. Consequently, the State will focus its attention on establishing energy efficient procurement standards and policies in these two areas during the early stages of the Program's implementation phase. As plans for the est- ablishment of energy efficient standards for the State's procurement of addi- tional items are formulated, they will be added to the State Energy Conserv- ation Plan as supplemental program measures. Since this program measure concerns State government policies regarding energy conservation, it is described further in the section of the Report entitled "State of Alaska Energy Conservation Program", under “Additional -72- in new building construction are adopted. In a further effort to achieve energy savings in the area of State pro- curement, the Division of General Services and Supply, Department of Admin- istration, has initiated a program of "Energy Awareness in Purchasing." This program initially will include making Purchasing supervisory personnel and all Purchasing Agents aware of potential savings in energy through acquisitions of products recommended by the National Association of State Purchasing Officials (NASPO), National Institute of Governmental Purchasing Agents (NIGPA), private sources and State Agencies. The Division of General Services and Supply is currently in the process of developing a uniform plan for further implementation of this program. A listing of milestones for the State Procurement Program Measure is provided on the following page. The estimated cost of ‘implementation is also included in this section of the Report. The calculations of estimated energy savings, however, are not included in this section, but rather in the section entitled "State of Alaska Energy Conservation Program," under "Additional Pro- gram Measures." Since energy efficient procurement practices are included in the revised State of Alaska Energy Conservation Program, the energy savings resulting from them are included in the calculations for the overall estimated energy savings that will be affected by the implementation of the State Program. -74- Programs." The State of Alaska Energy Conservation Program, initiated in January, 1976, focuses on the two areas of State motor vehicles and buildings. The program is primarily concerned with the employment of energy conservation practices in the operations and maintenance of State motor vehicles and buildings. The D.E£.P.D. is recommending that the program be amended to in- clude adoption of energy efficient standards which shall be incorporated into the State's policies regarding the procurement and leasing of motor vehicles and the procurement of new State facilities. To avoid duplication, this section of the Report briefly describes the State's plans to adopt mandatory energy efficient standards and policies affecting its procurement practices. A more detailed description of the State's plans regar- ding the procurement of State motor vehicles and facilities is provided in the section that discusses the State of Alaska Energy Conservation Program. Plans to adopt energy efficient motor vehicle procurement and leasing policies include the formulation of a committee by March 1, 1977, which will establish the necessary standards and policies. Members of the committee will include representatives from the D.£.P.D., the Department of Highways, and the Division of General Services and Supply, Department of Administration. A policy to include energy efficient standards which affect the procure- ment of new State facilities has already been implemented, as of February 1. Loyd. The Commissioner's Office of the Department of Public Works recently pre- pared a set of design standards which are to be used as guidelines for the construction of new State facilities. Included in this set of design standards is ASHRAE Standard 90-75, "Energy Conservation in New Building Design." The Department of Public Works has adopted a policy whereby all new facilities procured by the Department will be designed in accordance with the provisions of ASHRAE 90-75, until alternate design standards regarding energy efficiency =73- Energy Efficient Procurement Practices Estimated Costs of Implementation (in $000's) Contributor 1977 only) State of Alaska (Personal Services) (6.00) -76- -G/- OO tac so D> LISTING OF MILESTONES FOR STATE PROCUREMENT PROGRAM: 6-30-77 9-30-77 12-31-77 3-31-78 6-30-78 9-30-78 12-30-78 1979 1980 Develop Incorpor- Standards Evaluation Procure- Procure- {Procure- uniform ate stan- in place of stan- ment of ment of ment of plan for dards into | and ready dards and 1979 motor 1980 motor }1981 motor "Energy motor ve- for imple- policies vehicles vehicles |vehicles Awareness hicle pro- | mentation (Fall) (Fall) (Fall) in Pur- curement (October) chasing" and Evaluation Program leasing Begin pro- of stan- (D.G.S.S) policies curement dards and ) of 1978 policies Establish motor ve- (Summer) standards hicles for motor (November) vehicles D.O.H. I State motor vehicle life - cycle cost study complete 5. Right Turn on Red Program Measure A fifth mandatory program measure required in the State Energy Con- servation Plan is the establishment, by the State, of a traffic law or regulation which permits the operator of a motor vehicle to make a right turn at a red light after stopping. The minimum criteria outlined by FEA for this program measure are: (a) The regulation must be included in the State's motor vehicle code and be ready for implementation throughout all political sub- divisions unless an extension has been granted by FEA; and (b) The regulation must permit the operator of a motor vehicle to make a right turn at a red traffic light after stopping, except where specifically prohibited by a traffic sign. The intent of this program measure is to reduce vehicle energy use by reducing delay and the waste of gasoline resulting from engine idling at signalized intersections. The minimum criteria for this required program measure has already been met by the State of Alaska. A regulation permitting the operator of a motor vehicle to make a right turn at a red light after stopping was added to the Alaska Administrative Code, Title 13, Section 10, on December 31, 1969, and reads as follows: "Vehicular traffic facing a steady red signal alone may not enter the intersection and shall stop before entering the crosswalk on the near side of the intersection or, if none, then before entering the intersection and shall remain standing until a signal to pro- ceed is shown; this traffic may, after stopping, cautiously proceed to make a right turn from a one-way or two-way roadway into a two- way roadway or into a one-way roadway carrying traffic in the dir- age ection of the right turn, or it may make a left turn from a one- way or two-way roadway into a one-way roadway carrying traffic in the direction of the left turn, provided that the movements in this subsection are not allowed if a sign posted by state or local authority prohibits these movements, or if the movement is controlled by a green arrow signal. Vehicular traffic making such a turn shall yield the right-of-way to another vehicle and/or to a ped- estrian lawfully within the intersection or an adjacent crosswalk at the time the signal is exhibited." Since the minimum criteria for this program measure were met prior to December 22, 1975 (the date the Energy Policy and Conservation Act (EPCA) was enacted), the State is not required to describe in detail the nature of the program measure nor provide a listing of milestones. -78- B. ADDITIONAL PROGRAM MEASURES 1. Operation Outreach Program One of the most important aspects of any energy conservation program is the involvement of the public in an overall effort to make more efficient use of energy resources. Until recently, Americans were accustomed to having an abundant and cheap supply of energy. This situation has resulted in the existence of a waste mentality on the part of most Americans and a tradition of bad habits regarding the use of energy resources. This trad- ition must come to an end. Americans must be made aware of the reality and seriousness of the present energy crisis. They must be motivated to adopt energy conservation habits and begin a new tradition of using our energy resources wisely. In an effort to encourage Alaskans to adopt energy conservation habits, the Alaska State Division of Energy and Power Development is implementing the Operation Outreach Program. Operation Outreach is a public information, education and assistance program that will, under the direction of the D.E.P.D., inform Alaskans of the need to conserve energy, motivate them to make more efficient use of energy resources, and assist them in accomplishing this goal. Operation Outreach is composed of various interreleated projects and activities that have as their primary objective the promotion of an energy conservation ethic for the citizens of Alaska. Although similar in many respects, each program measure within Operation Outreach is unique in its nature and approach. The projects and activities that make up Operation Qutreach could conceivably have been presented as separate program measures within this Report. However, since they each serve as a means to the same end, they are presented as parts of one program measure. A detailed de- scription of each of the projects and activities within Operation Outreach, along with a listing of milestones for each (where applicable), is presented in this section. -79- The D.E.P.D. began implementation of the Operation Outreach Program in 1976. However, due to a lack of funds and manpower, the program has had minimal effect thus far. The Federal/State Energy Conservation Program will provide the State with the funds needed to effectively carry out the many outreach activities described in this report. A portion of this funding will be used to place a full-time Outreach Director in the office of the D.E.P.D., who will provide the leadership, coordination and additional man- power whicn is necessary to successfully achieve the objectives of this program measure. A. The Energy Conservation Advocates Project The Energy Conservation Advocates Project is a volunteer-oriented grant program funded by ACTION (the Federal Agency for Volunteer Service) and administered by the Alaska State Division of Energy and Power Develop- ment. The goal of the Project, as stated in the mission statement of the Project Narrative, is "to develop workable volunteer-oriented energy conservation programs in Alaskan communities which will educate, assist and motivate Alaskans in meeting the ongoing demands of the energy crisis." The Project was initiated on September 30, 1976 when ACTION approved a grant application submitted by the Division of Energy and Power Develop- ment. The total project period will last 18 months, expiring March 31, 1978. The first three months, October 1 through December 31, 1976, were devoted to the development of a project narrative including a listing of goals and objectives, and the recruitment of the first two, of a total of six, professional volunteers. The six volunteers will serve as program planners and coordinators during the 15-month implementation period. All six volunteers will work out of the office of the Division of Energy and Power Development under the direction of D.E.P.D. personnel. The programs that the Energy Conservation Advocates will be involved in focus on three areas: public information and education programs on -80- energy conservation and alternative sources of energy; a series of home winterization workshops; and the organization of community energy con- servation projects which involve Alaskan youth. (These are listed as the goals for the Project in the Project Narrative). The information and education programs will be presented to schools and organizations throughout the state. They will address such topics as the energy crisis and its ramifications, energy conservation techniques, and the prospects for developing alternate energy sources in the future. The home winterization workshops will be conducted in various communities throughout the state. They will demonstrate home winterization techniques and will inform citizens of the benefits that can result, both in terms of energy conserved and family budget dollars saved. The workshops will be closely coordinated with current Federal home weatherization programs, such as those sponsored by FEA and CSA (Community Services Administration). The youth. involvement programs will utilize the resources of Alaska's young people in locally designed and volunteer-oriented energy conservation projects related to their community's energy problems. The actual implementation of the Energy Conservation Advocates Project began on January 3, 1977, with the placement of the first two professional volunteers. These volunteers will work for a 12-month period, ending on December 31, 1977. An additional four volunteers will be recruited and placed by April 1, 1977 and will serve until March 31, 1978, at which time the Project will expire. Although the Energy Conservation Advocates Project will terminate on March 31, 1978, it is anticipated that the activities and programs initiated during the life of the Project will continue indefinitely. Continued involvement is the purpose of the program. A cadre of local volunteers in communities throughout the state will be developed and -81- organized as a resource to address various problems associated with energy issues. These volunteers, as members of their communities, will continue to be in a position of offering skills gained from project experience. Future funding will be sought from state, federal and private sources to carry out volunteer projects. A listing of specific goals and objectives of the Energy Conservation Advocates Project, along with a timetable of major milestones, is pro- vided on the following pages. -82- ENERGY CONSERVATION ADVOCATES PROJECT A LISTING OF GOALS AND OBJECTIVES MISSION STATEMENT TO DEVELOP WORKABLE VOLUNTEER-ORIENTED ENERGY CONSERVATION PROGRAMS IN ALASKAN COMMUNITIES WHICH WILL EDUCATE, ASSIST AND MOTIVATE ALASKANS IN MEETING THE ONGOING DEMANDS OF THE ENERGY CRISIS. -83- Goal 1: ® To design and develop a comprehensive project imple- mentation plan. June 30, 1977 (April 29, 1977)* Objectives: a. Identification of state, federal and local agency and organizational programs related to energy. March 31, 1977 (February 15, 1977)* b. The completion of the implementation plan for Goal #2, the Public Education and Information Program. March 31, 1977 c. The completion of the implementation plan for Goal #3, the Home Winterization Plan. June 30, 1977 (April 29, 1977)* d. The completion of the implementation plan for Goal #4, the Alaskan Youth Involve- ment Program. June 30, 1977 (April 29, 1977)* fe e. Six private financial aid and in-kind support sources will be contacted for pro- ject implementation. June 30, 1977 (April 29, 1977)* * Dates in parentheses represent actual periods of accomplishment in those cases where the accomplishment of an objective will occur before the end of the calendar quarter. -84- Goal 2: To implement Public Education and Information Programs @ on energy conservation and alternatives. March 31, 1977 Objectives: a. Identification of existing Public Energy Education Programs and materials. March 31, 1977 (February 15, 1977)* b. Preparation of Public Education Programs which will utilize mult-media techniques. June 30, 1977 (April 29, 1977)* c. The recruitment and training of 15 volun- teers to deliver the Public Education Programs jin communities. September 30, 1977 d. Presentation of 35 Public Energy Education Programs in Alaskan communities. December 31, 1977 e. The recruitment and training of a total of 30 volunteers to deliver the Public Education Programs in communities. December 31, 1977 f. Presentation of a total of 75 Public Energy le Education Programs in communities. March 31, 1977 -85- Goal 3: To institute a comprehensive Home Winterization @ Program throughout the State. March 31, 1978 Objectives: a. Identification of key target areas for Winterization Programs. June 30, 1977 (April 29, 1977)* b. Deliver 15 seminars and lectures on Energy Efficiency in Home Building and Design to related organizations. March 31, 1978 c. Catalog necessary materials avail- able for Winterization Projects. June 30, 1977 (April 29, 1977)* d. Establishment of volunteer groups in 10 communities to undertake Home Winter- ization Project. September 30, 1977 e. Completion of Home Winterization Pro- jects in 10 communities. December 31, 1977 f. Recruit and train a minimum of 2 vol- _ unteers in each of the 10 communities le listed above to provide general assist- ance and information on Home Winterization. December 31, 1977 (November 30, 1977)* -86- Goal 4: To involve 750 Alaskan youth in projects related @ to community energy problems. March 31, 1977 Objectives: a. Identification of various youth organizations in 10 communities which are willing to participate in specific youth-oriented energy conservation projects. March 31, 1977 b. Implementation of 5 youth-oriented energy conservation projects in the State, involving a total of 300 youth volunteers. December 31, 1977 c. Implementation of a total of 10 youth-oriented energy conservation projects in the State involving a total of 750 youth volunteers. March 31, 1978 -87- B. Public Information and Education Campaign The Public Information and Education Campaign is a program aimed at promoting the idea of energy conservation to Alaskans through the pub- lication and distribution of written materials and the utilization of mass media techniques. The campaign will be directed by the Alaska State Division of Energy and Power Development, with assistance from the Public Infor- mation Office of the Alaska Department of Commerce and Economic Development. The need for a public information and education program on energy con- servation in Alaska is vitally important. Thus far, the majority of written information on energy conservation distributed in Alaska has consisted of materials published by FEA. Although helpful, these materials are general in nature and in many cases do not address specific energy problems that are unique to Alaska. Various tips on energy conservation included in these materials are inapplicable to Alaskans because of unique geographic, social and economic conditions that do not exist elsewhere in the United States. Consequently, an effort must be made to distribute written information to Alaskans which addresses specific energy needs and suggests ways in which Alaskans can help solve their energy problems. The use of mass media techniques as a means of public education on energy conservation in Alaska has also been quite limited. A lack of funds has prevented the implementation of an effective mass media campaign. A plan for the implementation of the Public Information and Education Campaign for 1977 has been developed by the Division of Energy and Power Development and the Information Officer of the Alaska Department of Commerce and Economic Development. A major theme of the campaign is to encourage Alaskans to conserve energy by informing them of the dollar savings that can be achieved through the adoption of energy conservation measures. -88- The dissemination of information on energy conservation to the Alaskan public will be achieved through the publication and distribution of written materials, such as brochures and posters, the printing of newspaper articles and the production of radio and television messages and programs. A chart outlining the Public Information and Education Campaign for 1977, inclu- ding a timetable is provided on the following page. Plans for implementation of the Public Information and Education Cam- paigns for 1978, 1979 and 1980 will be developed prior to the start of each respective year. The nature of each yearly plan will depend upon such criteria as the amount and availability of funds and the effectiveness of the previous year's campaign. -89- -06- TIMETABLE FOR 1977 - PUBLIC INFORMATION AND EDUCATION CAMPAIGN (FUNDING: ) Jan. Feb. March April May June July August Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Ww Ideas, concepts Ideas Prelim. Final production and scripts concepts, scripts, scripts, wenn nnn en----------------- distribution as-------------------------- - contract arrange work with scheduled with studio with CCBI shooting schedule schedule find talent Radio Ideas, concepts Ideas, Prelim. Final scripts, production and scripts concepts, scripts, work With = +++ 2-2-2 ------------------- distribution as-------------------------- - scripts, arrange studio, scheduled with studio contract studio find talent with CCBI time Brochures Concept, Concept, Prelim. Final copy, Makeup, = ------------------ distribution----------------------------- - research, research, draft, typing, print 2 ready for draft order makeup distribution graphics, order paper Posters Purchase Winners © request for chosen Print = ------------------ distribution----------------------------- - printing Cartoon Fillers: Ideas to Workup and Ideas to Workup & artist distribute ° artist distribute Tips Columns X x X x x X x x X x x x Artilces: Bldg. season Hot weather -Winterization- -Holiday- Releases: = --~---~---------------------------------------------------- continuous as appropriate---------------------------------------------------- - Interviews: C. School Programs The importance of teaching young people about the energy crisis cannot be overemphasized. The energy problems that will face future generations of Americans will be critical. Tomorrow's leaders must be prepared to make important energy decisions that will face them in the years to come. Energy awareness must become a way of life, and an under- standing of America's energy future must be instilled in the minds of today's youth. . Realizing the importance of such an endeavor, the Alaska State Division of Energy and Power Development has begun a vigorous program of creating energy awareness in Alaska's schools. The various methods by which this program will be implemented are described in the following pages. Through effective implementation of these school programs, the D.E.P.D. will help prepare young Alaskans to cope with the crucial energy issues that will face them in their lives. 1. School Presentations on Energy Conservation - In the fall of 1976, the D.E.P.D. began a series of presentations on energy conservation to secondary students in the Anchorage School District. Suited for either a classroom setting or a general school assembly, the presen- tations consist of a film or slide presentation on energy, a talk on energy conservation, alternative sources of energy and energy-related projects and activities that are taking place in Alaska, and a question and answer period. At each presentation the students are given various handouts, some of which are intended to be taken home to their parents. Teachers are encouraged to make use of the presentations as a basis for classroom discussions on energy. The Alaska Division of Energy and Power Development anticipates that over 1,000 students will have attended the presentations by the -91- end of this academic year. Plans for next year include giving presentations to elementary as well as secondary students. The goal for the 1977-78 school year is to give presentations on energy con- servation to a total of 3,000 students in the Anchorage School District. 2. Energy Contests - Beginning in March 1977, the D.E.P.D. will be sponsoring city-wide school energy contests in Alaska's three largest communities, Anchorage, Fairbanks and Juneau. The contests will be run at three different academic levels: elementary, junior high, and high school. For each level, a different kind of contest will be sponsored. Elementary students will participate in a poster contest on energy conservation. Students at the junior high level will compete in a contest to create an energy character and an energy conservation slogan for Alaska. High school students will make three-dimensional exhibits on energy. Winners will be chosen in each community and at each level of competition, totalling nine contest winners in all. The nine contest winners will be invited to have lunch with the Governor. Additional awards will include the use of the winning posters, slogans and char- acters by the D.E.P.D. in its Public Information and Education Campaign. And, the winning energy exhibits will be displayed on a statewide basis. Also, as an added incentive, all entrants will be given a certificate of participation. The D.E.P.D. plans to continue sponsoring school energy contests each year. School contests not only provide students the opportunity to become involved in an energy project, but they also foster energy awareness in the home and the community. -92- 3. Development of Energy-Related Curriculum - Traditionally, the subject of energy has primarily been a part of the science cur- riculum., Students are taught the basics about energy - where it comes from, how it works, and the different forms of energy that can be applied to man's needs. Energy has been a somewhat spec- jalized field, and most students finish school with little more than a basic understanding of how energy affects their daily lives. With the sudden emergence of the energy crisis, the impact that energy imposes on our environment has been greatly magnified. Energy has swiftly become one of the major social, economic and political issues of our time, and will continue to be for years to come. It is imperative that the subject of energy becomes an integral part of science, social studies, home economics, business, vocational and other curricula in America's schools. Students must be taught not only the scientific aspects of energy but its social, economic, environmental and political ramifications as well. The D.E.P.D. recognizes a need for increased energy education in Alaska's schools. Although many schools have already begun to promote energy education, the D.E.P.D. plans to encourage further development of energy-related curriculum in all of Alaska's School Districts. In an effort to begin implementation of the school curriculum development program, the D.E.P.D. has begun written correspondence with many of the state's school districts. Educational materials, as well as letters promoting energy education in the classroom, have been sent to school districts throughout the state. More materials will be distributed as they become available. The response thus far has been quite enthusiastic, and the D.E.P.D. anticipates widespread in- clusion of energy education into the plans for curriculum development -93- of Alaska's school systems in the months and years to come. In addition, the D.E.P.D. plans to participate in various meetings ® and conferences at which curriculum development is discussed and planned. The annual Alaska Teacher's Conference, held each Spring, and various curriculum development conferences will provide good opportunities for promoting energy education. As a further step toward promoting energy education in the schools, the State Energy Conservation Coordinator represents the D.E.P.D. on the Alaska Committee for Environmental Education (know as the CommittEE). The CommittEE is a group of representatives from federal, state and local agencies working to coordinate the environmental education effort statewide. The CommittEE meets once a month to discuss and plan activ- ities and programs that promote environmental education in the schools. A listing of milestones for the School Program, outlining some of the major activities tnat will take place during the years 1977-80, is presented on le the following page. -94- -S6- OO staccato > e = S @ LISTING OF MILESTONES FOR SCHOOL PROGRAM: * Calendar Quarter or Year: 6-30-77 9-30-77 12-31-77 3-31-78 6-30-78 9-30-78 12-31-78 1979 1980 School Energy | Begin Plan Partici- School en- Begin Plan School pre- Contests school school pate in ergy con- school school sentations. (March-April) | presenta- energy State Tea- | tests end presen- energy tions contests | chers Con-]| (April 30) tations contests | Attend State Participate (Continues ference (Continues Teachers Con- in Outdoor through (March) Participate | through May, ference Week, Anchor- | May, 1978) in Outdoor 1978) (March) age (May 9 - Partici- Week, Anch- 13) pate in orage (May) Participate Science in Science Fair, An- | End School Fair, Anchor- chorage presenta- age, (March) (March) tions (May) School energy Begin contests school en- (March-April) ergy con- tests, Participate (March 1) in Outdoor Week, Anchor- age (May) Attend curric- culum develop- ment conferences (as scheduled) * Many of the activities within the scope of the School Program cannot be planned at this time, as they will have to be coordinated with the schedules of various school districts which are planned on an annual basis. D. Seminars and Group Presentations An effective way to communicate energy conservation to the public is through the use of seminars and group presentations. The D.E.P.D. plans to sponsor numerous seminars and group presentations during the implemen- tation phase of the State Energy Conservation Program. Although some of the presentations will address general audiences, such as homeowners, the majority of them will be given to specific groups. These groups or special publics, include government agencies, businesses, home builders, housing authorities, professional organizations, civic groups and others. The presentation of seminars to special groups such as these will provide the D.E.P.D. with the opportunity to address the energy topics and problems that are of special concern to each organization. The general content of the seminars will include audio-visual pre- sentations, such as films and slide talks, speeches, demonstrations and group discussions. Many of the seminars will be co-sponsored by the D.E.P.D. and the Cooperative Extension Service of the University of Alaska. In addition to these seminars and group presentations, the D.E.P.D. plans to participate in the U.S. Energy Research and Development Administration's Citizens' Workshops on Energy and the Environment Program. Initiated in 1973, the Citizens' Workshops on Energy and the Environment is an ERDA public information program for American civic leadership. Although the program is presented chiefly by college and university faculty members under subcontract with ERDA prime contractors, the D.E.P.D. has been selected by the Northwest College and University Association for Science (NORCUS), one of ERDA's prime contractors, to sponsor the program in Alaska. The D.E.P.D. will be provided with a sum of $1,160 to pay the incre- mental costs associated with presenting the workshops within the state for -96- the remainder of fiscal year 1977. An additional $2,000 will be available for fiscal year 1978. Although only 20 presentations per year are required contractually, the D.E.P.D. anticipates sponsoring 30-40 workshops during a one-year period. The D.E.P.D. will receive a variety of materials and services to support it's efforts to implement the program. These include: An Energy-Environment Simulator and maintenance service, promotional materials and press kits, and nandbooks for distribution to workshop participants. In addition, the D.E.P.D. will have access to a library of approximately 500 slides on energy. The D.E.P.D. will begin sponsoring Citizens' Workshops on Energy and the Environment in Alaska in March, 1977. The participation by the D.E.P.D. in this program will provide a significant contribution to the effectiveness of Operation Outreach. A description of the program, as provided by NORCUS in its brochure entitled "Citizens' Workshops on Energy and the Environment", is included on the following page. The nature of this program precludes a listing of major milestones. Since most of the seminars and group presentations will be presented to specific groups, they will have to be planned so as to coordinate with the scheduled meetings of the various organizations. For obvious reasons this could not be done more than a month or two in advance. =97- eee a a ai ee Citizen's Workshops are educational programs that give citizens an oppor- tunity to learn more about energy and environmental needs and problans. Participants get a chanee to try their hand at solving some o€ the energy- environment problems facing the nation today by using an Eneryy-Environment Simulator. The Energy-Environment Simulator is a specially designed analog computer that simulates real-world conditions. Fneryy resources, enerdy demands, and environmental effects are programmed into the electronic device. As the clock speeds time by at the rate of a century a minute, participants mist make decisions about the allocation of eneray resources. They do this by turning dials on remote panels in response to the changing situation. The simulator constantly translates these conmands into new conditions. The sequence continues until all the fossil fuels are exhausted - and the game ends. The workshops have as many as three parts: (1) a slide orientation dealing with the basic facts related to energy problems; (2) a decision-waking game played by participants using the Eneryy-invironment Simulator to Observe the effects of a wide range of decisions involving energy use and environmental. protection; and (3) a feedback session where questions raised by the program are discussed. Fach workshop iny last from 1 to 3 hours, depending upon the type of program and the amount of time it takes for the discussion. Abbreviated programs can be arranged, however where time is limited, as in some service clubs that mect during the noon hour, the program may sinply consist of a brief discussion and a demonstration of the RBnergy-Envi. ronment Simulator. Any organization may plan a workshop, which will be scheduled when equipment and personnel are available. The ideal number is 25-30 | participants, which gives cach person a chance to work with the Fneryy- Environment Simulator. “More participants can be accommodated, however, and the program has been conducted for as imny as 1600. There is no cost for participating in workshops but: occasional ly a sponsoring oryanization may be asked to pay the Workshop leader's transportation and expenses. Citizen's Workshops are operated for the Fnergy Research and Development Administration by selected educational and research institutions. The activities of these institutions are coordinated in the west and midwest by the Northwest College and University Association of Science in Richland, Washington. Workshops are important to ERDA to improve public understanding of the problems involved in energy decisions. This program, with other ERDA public information programs, provides a broad perspective on energy problems and possible solutions, as well as their effects on the environment. The Citizen's Workshops are concerned with the total energy picture and nuclear power is discussed only as one of several alternative energy sources. Local organizations wishing to sponsor a workshop are askexi to provide a suitable place for the workshop and to support the program by encouraging its members to participate. ‘The sponsor is also asked to assist in publicity arrangements such as contacting the media, scheduling interviews with the workshop conductor , and arranging local coveraye. Attachment #4 (<) E. Rural Energy Conservation Program As part of its Operation Outreach Program, the D.E.P.D. plans to implement an aggressive energy conservation campaign in rural Alaska. The energy problems experienced by the people in Alaska's rural villages are both unique and severe. The need for energy conservation is paramount. Although adoption of energy saving habits will] not solve all of the energy problems of Alaska's villages, it will certainly help lighten the burden. The D.E.P.D. plays a major role in dealing with the energy problems of rural Alaska. The villages of rural Alaska face higher fuel bills than anywhere else in the United States. Stove oi] costs an average of $1.00 per gallon and frequently rises to well over $2.00 per gallon when, by necessity, it must be flown into a remote village. The price of gasoline is over $1.00 per gallon in many villages. In addition to high fuel prices, villages are hampered by late barge delivery, lack of bulk storage for fuel, remoteness, severe climatic con- ditions, lack of money and insufficient planning. The D.E.P.D. has worked in the areas of fuel and bulk storage training for native people, teaching them energy planning, safety and conservation methods. It has also created opportunities for villages to obtain needed bulk storage, and, in rural Alaska's behalf, to secure funds for fuel, storage facilities. and transpor- tation during fuel shortage emergencies. The fuel crises in rural Alaska occur frequently, averaging over 30 per year. They must be met quickly and effectively. Emergency measures range from getting gasoline to a tiny village of 100 people for use in their subsistence walrus hunting, to assisting a town of 3,500 during an electrical fuel shortage emergency. The specific energy problems in rural Alaska vary from village to village, -98- depending on the circumstances. But one overriding problem exists in all of Alaska's rural villages: people of low economic means are faced with extremely high fuel costs. A partial solution to this dilemma is making energy conservation techniques that are understandable, workable and effec- tive available to rural Alaskans. Special training is required for those working with rural people. Special techniques must also be employed in vil- lages where money is scarce, and where materials are primitive and hard to get. Such techniques include banking tundra around a house for insulation, building Arctic entryways, installing simple weatherstripping and estab- lishing primitive methods for keeping floors warm when the temperature drops to as low as 60° below zero. Energy conservation in rural Alaska can save money and precious fuel, and therefore alleviate many hardships and help minimize fuel shortage emerg- encies. The obvious need for good energy saving practices is repeatedly demonstrated by the continued construction of poorly insulated homes and the widespread negligent waste of fuel throughout rural Alaska. While energy conservation cannot solve the problems of late barges and lack of sufficient bulk storage, it can alleviate a cost and use factor that has drastically affected the lives of rural Alaska. The tremendous expense involved in travelling to Alaska's rural villages, most of which can be reached only by air, severely limits the amount of direct contact (training sessions, seminars, etc.) that D.E.P.D. personnel can have with each village. Consequently, most rural energy conservation training sessions will be conducted during visits prompted by community energy emergencies. Because of this fact, a listing of milestones cannot be prepared for the Rural Energy Conservation Program. The distribution of written materials (brochures, flyers, etc.) promoting energy conservation, however, can be accomplished on a much more widespread basis. This aspect -99- of the Rural Energy Conservation Program is included as part of the Public Information and Education Program, described previously in this Report. F. Community Energy Inventory Project During the planning phase of the State Energy Conservation Program, a series of energy supply, demand and cost files for all Alaskan communities was compiled by the D.E.P.D. These files will constitute the basis for the implementation of the Community Energy Inventory Project. The Community Energy Inventory Project will aid the D.E.P.D. in imple- menting the State Energy Conservation Program in several ways. The purposes of the Project are: 1. to help the 0.£.P.D. deal more knowledgeably with community energy crises; 2. to assist the D.E.P.D. in responding to requests for energy related information from other agencies; 3. to provide data for various other community related energy conserva- tion projects that the D.E.P.D. is involved in; and 4. to help the State determine which communities have a potential for developing alternative sources of energy to reduce their dependence on fossil fuels. The major tasks that were accomplished during the planning phase were the collection of energy consumption data for all Alaskan communities with a population of 25 or more, assessment of possible local alternative energy sources available to each community and identification of data deficiencies and future information needs. The energy supply, demand and cost files will provide the D.E.P.D. with valuable information during the implementation of various energy conservation activities. They will be especially useful for the Energy Conservation -100- Advocates Project and the Rural Energy Conservation Program. Since the information will be used on an as needed basis, a listing of milestones ® in not applicable for this Project. -101- CALCULATIONS OF ESTIMATED ENERGY SAVINGS FOR OPERATION OUTREACH AND FEA WORKSHOPS PROGRAM MEASURES* INTRODUCTION The Alaska State Energy Conservation Plan consists of eight (8) “program measures." Five measures are mandatory and three are voluntary. Of the three voluntary measures, two are basically educational in nature: Operation Outreach and the FEA Workshops Program. These two programs comprehensively touch the whole of the Alaskan population, from rural area to urban primary school, from private home-owner to industry. It is our opinion that the Operation Outreach and the FEA Workshops Program Measures should be handled collectively insofar as estimating the 1980 energy savings. In order to make the calculations, a set of assumed conditions were laid out. They fall into two areas of energy conservation: motor vehicle purchase and increased thermal efficiency of existing non-government buildings. The total estimated energy savings calculated for these program measures is 0.13 x 1012 BTU/year. ASSUMPTIONS: The selection of motor vehicles: 1. Approximately 26,000 motor vehicles will be purchased in 19791 (based on an expansion of 5% annually in motor vehicle sales from the 1976 level of about 23,000). 2. The projected number of registered vehicles on the road in 1979 should be about 276,000 (projected at 5% annual growth from 1975 data).! * Prepared by Mark Fryer and Associates, Anchorage, Alaska 1 Based on Registration of new motor vehicles, State Department of Revenue. -102- 3. The replacement rate is then about 9 1/2% annually. 4. The State Educational Program affects the selection of 10% of the automobiles sold in 1978, 1979 and 1980. 5. The driving habits of that same 10% of vehicle owners will be affected in such a manner as to be energy conserving. Additionally, 5% of the motor vehicles not replaced during this period will be subjected to driving patterns that are energy conserving. 6. With no program, each motor vehicle would consume 802.4 gallons of fuel/year (1975 record data). - CALCULATED ENERGY SAVINGS FROM MOTOR VEHICLE USE AND PURCHASE PATTERN MODIFICATION PURCHASE SELECTION NEW VEHICLES PURCHASE 1980 GALLONS PURCHASED AFFECTED OF FUEL SAVED 1978 25,357 2,535 203 ,408 1979 26,625 2,625 213,639 1980 27,956 2,795 112,079* SUB-TOTAL 529,126 Gallons (529 x 10°) (120 x 103) = 0.0635 x 10!2 stuyyr (1980) * Since 1980 is the base year of record, only 50% of the 1980 auto sales may be calculated. DRIVING HABITS If the modification of driving habits affects 15% of the motor vehicles driven during 1980 (27,600 vehicles), this reduces the fuel consumption from 22.0 x 10° gallons, to an estimated 21.7 x 10°, We presume that of the 5% existing vehicles, a 2 1/2% savings will be realized (276,830 gallons). 12 3 (277 x 10) x (120 x 10°) = 0.33 x 10 ~ BTU/YR (1980) -103- = 0.0635 x 102 + 0.033 x 101? = 0.0965 x 10/2 BTU/YR. SAY: 0.1 x 1012 BTU/YR. (1980) BUILDINGS: 1. 10% of the occupant-owned residences will be affected by the program. 2. 5% of other non-institutional buildings will be affected by the program. 3. Each affected residential unit will receive energy conservation modifications and/or extended maintenance costing $300.00 between the start of the program and 1980. 4. ach non-residential unit affected by the program will receive energy conservation modifications costing on the average of three- quarters of a cent per square foot. 5. The assumed payback for investment is three years. 6. Fuel costs‘$4.50 per million BTU. ENERGY SAVINGS CALCULATIONS Single Family Residences: (186 x 10° sq. ft.) ($0.00625/sq. ft.) (10%) u $116,250.00 Multi-Family Residence: 6 (214 x 10 sq. ft.) ($0.0066/sq. ft.) (5%) $267,630.00 Other Non-Institutional: (63.7 x 10°) ($0.0075/sq. ft.) (5%) $ 23,887.00 TOTAL OF INVESTMENT $407,767.00 ANNUAL DOLLAR FUEL SAVINGS = (1/3) ($407,767) $ 35,922.00 a -104- CALCULATED ENERGY SAVINGS FOR 1980 = ($135,922) = ($4.5 per 10° BTU) = .03 x 10/2 prusyr. (1980) GRAND TOTAL OF OPERATION OUTREACH AND FEA WORKSHOPS PROGRAMS: 0.10 x 102 Btusyr. + 0.03 x 102% pTuvyr. = 0.13 x 1022 Btusyr. (1980) -105- Assessment of Actual Energy Savings for Operation Outreach and FEA Workshops Program Measures The nature of these program measures makes an assessment of actual energy savings in Btu's a very difficult, perhaps impossible, task. Although the D.£.P.D. will measure the effectiveness of these program measures in terms of the number of people affected by the outreach activities, it will be impossible to accurately determine the extent to which energy consumption is reduced as a result of this exposure. One method by which the effect of an outreach program can be measured is by conducting a statewide survey. However, the results of a survey are of questionable accuracy. Furthermore, the tremendous expense involved in con- ducting an adequate statewide survey in Alaska may tend to rule out this approach. Another method, which is also of questionable accuracy , for which the actual energy savings from Operation Outreach and the FEA Workshops Program Measures can be determined is through a general process of elimination. This process is outlined below: A. Compute the difference between actual Statewide energy consump- tion in 1980 and the amount projected for that year before the Program was implemented. The result will represent a rough estimate of the total energy savings effected from implemen- tation of all energy conservation programs during the years 1977-80. B. Total the energy savings resulting from the implementation of all energy conservation program measures for which actual assessments are made (including the measures described in this Plan). C. The difference between total estimated energy savings (from A) -106- and total "measurable" energy savings (from 8) will represent the energy savings resulting from those programs for which actual energy savings were not calculated. ergy savings resulting from the Operation Outreach and FEA Workshops The en However, it will be diffi- cluded in this figure. Program Measures will be in without making certain vague esti- cult to narrow this figure down any further mates and assumptions. -107- Operation Outreach Estimated Costs of Implementation (in $000's) . Contributor Year FEA Non-FEA (1977 only) Total 1977 50.96 48.10 State of Alaska 99.06 (Personal Services) (15.10) ACTION (33.00) 1978 100.00* 32.0 132.00 a ————————————————— 1979 75.00* 20.0 95.00 —— | 1980 -0- 25.0 25.00 a * Note: It was assumed that Supplemental Program funding would be available for 1978 and 1979. This has been included in the total figures. However, since estimates of 1979 and 1980 authorizations for the original State Conservation Program are not available, we have not included this possible additional funding 71 in our projections. -108- 2. State of Alaska Energy Conservation Program On December 15, 1975, Governor Hammond ordered the implementation of the State of Alaska Energy Conservation Program. The official starting date of the program was January 1, 1976. The primary purpose of the program is to reduce energy consumption by the State Government in two major areas - State motor vehicles and State buildings. The methods outlined in the State of Alaska Energy Conservation Program to reduce fuel consumption in the area of motor vehicles involve: (a) elimin- ating all unofficial and unnecessary use of State motor vehicles by outlining proper usage policies; and (b) instituting and enforcing energy conservation maintenance and operation practices which are suggested in the program narra- tive. The primary method by which a reduction in energy consumption in State buildings is to be achieved is by eliminating unnecessary energy usage in State-leased and State-owned buildings through the adoption of rules and pro- cedures regarding employee use and implementation of energy efficient building maintenance and operation procedures, all of which are outlined in the program narrative. In addition, the program stresses the importance of creating an awareness among all State employees of the need for energy conservation. Energy conserv- ation Coordinators (ECC's) were appointed in all State departments by each respective department head. Duties of the ECC's include: (a) serving as a liaison between his/her respective department and the D.E£.P.D.; (b) ensuring that all conservation measures outlined in the program are being implemented; (c) distributing informational material on energy conservation among depart- mental personnel; and (d) submitting scheduled progress reports to the D.E.P.D. The Division of Energy and Power Development is responsible for monitoring the effectiveness of the State of Alaska Energy Conservation Program. The -109- D.E.P.D. has evaluated the accomplishments of the program during its first year of implementation and has determined that the program has fallen short of achieving the potential success of which it is capable. Major reasons for this include: 1. lack of active correspondence and direction from the D.E.P.D. to the ECC's; 2. inadequate support from various agencies responsible for imple- menting specific measures of the program; 3. decentralization of responsibility for administration and enforce- ment of certain portions of the program; and 4. absence of additional measures that can significantly reduce energy consumption in the areas of State motor vehicles and buildings (e.g., energy efficient procurement and leasing policies). Based upon the results of its evaluation, the D.E.P.D. is proposing that a revised State of Alaska Energy Conservation Program be adopted. The D.E.P.D. has prepared a description of the revised program, which is included in this section of the Report. The D.£.P.D. plans to recommend to Governor Hammond that he order implementation of the revised State of Alaska Energy Conservation Program as soon as possible. The revised version of the program which is being proposed is quite sim- ilar in nature to the existing program. However, two major additions have been made. These are: 1. the adoption of policies by the Department of Highways and the Division of General Services and Supply, Department of Administration, which promote energy conservation in the procurement and leasing of State motor vehicles; and 2. the adoption of a policy by the Department of Public Works which pro- motes energy conservation in the procurement of new State facilities. -110- A description of the revised State of Alaska Energy Conservation Program @ ' which is being proposed is provided on the following pages. -111- STATE OF ALASKA ENERGY CONSERVATION PROGRAM I. PURPOSE STATE MOTOR VEHICLES it, RULES AND PROCEDURES FOR MOTOR VEHICLE USAGE, OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE, AND EMPLOYEE TRAVEL A. Administration and Enforcement B. Monitoring C. Motor Vehicle Usage D. Motor Vehicle Operations and Maintenance E. Employee Travel Ill. ENERGY EFFICIENT MOTOR VEHICLE PROCUREMENT AND LEASING POLICIES A. B. Implementation Plan Administration and Enforcement -112- I STATE OF ALASKA ENERGY CONSERVATION PROGRAM MOTOR VEHICLES PURPOSE The purpose of the State Motor Vehicles Energy Conservation Program is to reduce fuel consumption in State-owned and State-leased motor vehicles by: A. B. Eliminating all unofficial and unnecessary use of State motor vehicles. Instituting and enforcing energy conservation maintenance and operation practices. Establishing energy efficient procurement and leasing policies. Of particular concern are employee misuse of lightweight State vehicles and lax departmental policies governing their use. Il. RULES AND PROCEDURES FOR MOTOR VEHICLE USAGE, OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE, AND EMPLOYEE TRAVEL Administration and Enforcement 1. Each department head, including the Superintendent of the Alaska Unorganized Borough School District, Directors of the Pioneer Homes and the Alaska State Housing Authority are responsible for the enforcement of this portion of the Energy Conservation Program. The Alaska Court System and the University of Alaska are urged to adopt the program voluntarily. 2. Each department head shall designate a departmental Energy Conserv- ation Coordinator (ECC) whose name, title, and location shall be recorded by the D.E.P.D. Duties of the ECC are: (a). Initiate, coordinate, evaluate and ensure that all conserv- ation measures are implemented and effectively carried out. (b). Serve as liaison between the department and the D.E.P.D. Actions taken, effectiveness of actions, and additional energy conservation ideas will be reported to D.E.P.D. -113- C. 3. All departmental personnel should be oriented to the following: (a). Increased awareness that the energy crisis in the United States has not passed and will remain a very serious problem for years to come. (b) Energy savings are directly related to dollar savings. Adherence to energy conservation guidelines by all State employees will also result in needed reductions in State spending. (c) Employee comments and suggestions are actively solicited by the D.E.P.D. Monitoring 1. The D.E.P.D. will have over-all responsibility for monitoring the effectiveness of this portion of the program. This will be achieved by the following methods: (a) Communication with the Energy Conservation Coordinators (ECC's). .(b) Receipt of fuel consumption statistics from the Department of Highways. (c) Unannounced site visits to verify compliance with motor vehicle usage and conservation measures. 2. Each ECC will be responsible for assuring ‘compliance by: (a).. Monitoring departmental vehicle usage practices. (b). Use of any other methods which may be deemed necessary to assure compliance. Motor Vehicle Usage 1. Statutes Defining Use Statutes defining usage limitations of State owned motor vehicles have been in force for several years. The Attorney General's Office has interpreted the law to mean that long-term State-leased vehicles also fall within the scope of the statutes. -114- Section 44.68.010 Use of State-owned vehicles: State-owned vehicles may be used only in the conduct of State business. No State officer or employee may use or permit the use of a State- owned vehicle except in the conduct of State business. Section 44.68.020 Rules Regarding the Use of State-owned vehicles: The Department of Highways shall Prescribe rules which: (a) define what is the use of State-owned vehicles in the conduct of State business and distinguish this use from mis- appropriation for private use; (b) prescribe use governing the storage of State-owned vehicles in those locations where storage space, under the jurisdiction of the Department of Highways, is available for storage of State-owned vehicles; (c) provide for the marking of State-owned vehicles as property of the State and for the use of distinctive license tags for State-owned vehicles. Section 44.68.030 Exemptions: Sections 10-40 of this chapter do not apply to the use of vehicles by the Governor. Section 44.68.040 Violations: A State officer or employee who violates Section 10-40 of this chapter or a rule adopted under Section 10-40 of this chapter is subject to dismissal from State employment upon hearing as provided for other dismissals for cause. The following are rules and regulations prescribed by the Commissioner, Department of Highways, for the use of State-owned vehicles: -115- Definition of Use 1.A. The use of State operated vehicles for such purposes as attending to personal affairs, attendance at luncheons or other social engagements, or for transportation between perm- anent domiciles and permanent duty stations will not be con- sidered official business. Official and non-official business must not be mingled. 1.B. Individuals other than those on official State business shall not be permitted to travel in State operated vehicles except when authorized by the Executive Officer of the using Department. Any such authorization shall be for trips involving special circumstances that justify an exception to the general policy of not permitting travel in State vehicles of other than State employees on official business. 1.C. Employees engaged in field work or work not confined to a permanent duty station and involving use of a vehicle in the discharge of said duties, the nature of which precludes the possibility of scheduling for regular work hours, may be author- ized by Department Executive Offices, or persons destonated by them, to use State operated vehicles between place of employ- ment or garage and employee's domicile when it is in the best interest of the State that official travel start from or end at the employee's domicile, rather than at his place of employment or garage, or when leaving for or returning from an official trip outside regular work hours or outside regular equipment pool hours. -116- Exceptions defined in item 1.C. above are further refined to include only State employees who are: (i) On 24 hour call; (ii) Involved with providing for the public safety, medical care, or maintenance and operation of public buildings and highways; and (iii) Require the vehicle for performance of his or her work. Each department head will authorize each exception and follow the reporting procedure outlined in the next section. 2. Motor Vehicle Inventory Each department shall take an inventory of State-owned and State- leased subcompacts, compacts, sedans, stationwagons, pickups, and light vans used by the department. Motor vehicles will be listed by vehicle class (i.e. sedans) and location and the following information will be provided for each vehicle. (a) License plate number and status (owned or leased); (b) Division; (c) Name and title (if applicable) of individual to whom vehicle has been assigned plus justification for such assignement; (d) Primary use of vehicle; and (e) If employee misuse of vehicle has been found, detail corrective action. Each department shall prepare a report describing departmental poli- cies and procedures regarding motor vehicle usage, employee travel and use of rent-a-car while traveling. The inventory and policy descriptions shall be received by the D.E.P.D. Motor Vehicle Operation and Maintenance 1. Motor Vehicle Operation -117- Ill. (a) Check tires for proper inflation. (b) Avoid lengthy warm-ups, but drive slowly until engine is warm. (c) Do not idle engine unnecessarily. (d) Avoid jerky acceleration and quick stops. (e) Adhere to posted speed limits. (f) If engine is not running properly, report the problem to the appropriate authority. 2. Motor Vehicle Maintenance (a) Establish motor vehicle maintenance schedule and provide mech- anism to ensure it is actually serviced at the Proper time. (b) Tire pressure and rear wheel alignment and filters should always receive attention during maintenance. Employee Travel 1. Substitute the use of the telephone for traveling when ever possible. State employees should avail themselves of such phone services as con- ference calls and long distance direct dialing whenever possible. 2. Prohibit unnecessary car rentals when traveling and encourage the use of bus, limousine and taxi services when in-town travel is limited in nature. ENERGY EFFICIENT MOTOR VEHICLE PROCUREMENT AND LEASING POLICIES Implementation Plan As an additional measure to increase energy conservation in the area of State motor vehicles, energy efficient standards and policies affecting the motor vehicle procurement and leasing practices of the State shall be adopted. These policies shall be in place and ready for implementation -118- before the 1978 motor vehicles replacement program is implemented. The adoption of energy efficient motor vehicle procurement and leasing policies will be achieved by the following methods: 1. Formulation of a committee, by March 1, 1977, to establish energy efficient policies regarding the procurement and leasing of motor vehicles by the State. This committee shall include representatives from the Division of Energy and Power Development, the Department of High- ways and the Division of General Services and Supply. Duties of the committee shall include: (a.) Establishing categories of motor vehicle usage purposes which will aid the Department of Highways and the Division of General Services and Supply in determining the type of vehicle that will best suit the needs of the agency requesting the vehicle. The results of the life-cycle costing study being conducted by the Department of Highways shall be used to help determine these cat- egories. (b.) Establishing minimum energy-efficient standards for those motor vehicle types that fall under the categories of usage pur- poses for which energy-efficient standards are applicable. (c) Determining the methods by which these standards shall be enforced. 2. Energy-efficient standards for motor vehicles shall be established by June 30, 1977. 3. Energy-efficient standards and policies regarding State procurement and leasing practices shall be in place and ready for implementation by October 31, 1977. -119- B. Administration and Enforcement The Department of Highways and the Division of General Services and Supply will be responsible for the administration and enforcement of this portion of the energy conservation program. Specifically, the Department of Highways will be responsible for enforcing the standards regarding the pur- chasing of State vehicles, and the Division of General Services and Supply will be responsible for enforcing the standards for all leased vehicles. -120- IT. IIl. IV. STATE OF ALASKA ENERGY CONSERVATION PROGRAM STATE BUILDINGS PURPOSE ENERGY EFFICIENT PROCUREMENT POLICY FOR STATE BUILDINGS A. Design Standards B. Administration and Enforcement BUILDING AND OPERATION MAINTENANCE A. Administration and Enforcement B. Procedures EMPLOYEE OPERATION AND USE A. Administration and Enforcement B. Monitoring C. Rules and Procedures -121- I. | PURPOSE The purpose of the State Buildings Energy Conservation Program is to: A. Reduce the State of Alaska's consumption of energy (electrical and heating fuels) and expenditure of energy dollars by constructing new State buildings that are energy-efficient, and by eliminating unnecessary energy usage in existing State-leased and State-owned buildings. B. Increase awareness and concern among State employees of the continuing energy crisis and the need for effective energy conservation. C. Encourage voluntary adoption of energy conservation measures in the home as well as at work. TI. ENERGY EFFICIENT PROCUREMENT POLICY FOR STATE BUILDINGS A. Design Standards The Commissioner's Office of the Department of Public Works recently prepared a set of design standards which are to be used as guidelines for the construction of new State facilities. Included in this set of design standards is ASHRAE Standard 90-75, "Energy Conservation in New Building Design." As a means of promoting energy conservation in the area of State Buildings, the Department of Public Works has adopted a policy of including energy efficient standards in its procurement of new State facilities. B. Administration and Enforcement As of February 1, 1977, al] new buildings constructed or procured by the Department of Public Works will comply with the minimum or maximum provisions of ASHRAE Standard 90-75, until alternate design standards regarding energy efficiency in new building construction are adopted by the Department of Public Works. Buildings within the scope of enforcement of the Department of Public Works include administrative and office buildings, court buildings, school buildings, and health facilities. Buildings constructed by the University of -122- Alaska are not within this scope of jurisdiction. However, the University of Alaska is urged to comply with the policy adopted by the Department of Public Works. III, BUILDING OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE A. Administration and Enforcement At the present time, the operation and maintenance of State-owned buildings is the responsibility of the various departments or agencies that accupy the buildings. The Division of General Construction and Maintenance, of the Depart- ment of Public Works, is responsible for maintaining multi-purpose buildings, such as the State Office Building in Juneau. Consequently, it will be the respons- ibility of each respective department or agency to enforce the operation and maintenance procedures outlined in the next section that will Promote energy conservation in State-owned buildings. Personnel responsible for operating and maintaining State-leased buildings and buildings within the jurisdiction of the University of Alaska are urged to comply with these procedures. B. Procedures 1. Space Heating (a) Heat buildings to no more than 68°F in winter when occupied. (b) Weekends and holidays when buildings are not in use, lower temperatures. (c) Draw drapes over windows or close thermal shutters when day- light is not available and when building is unoccupied. (d) Establish heating-cooling plant and air filter maintenance schedule. (e) Check for leaks around doors and windows and repair when found-- caulking, weatherstripping, etc. (f) Heated garages should be kept at lowest possible thermostat settings. -123- 2. Space Cooling (a) Cool building to no less than 72°F when occupied. (b) Do not cool building when it is unoccupied. Water -- Heating and Cooling (a) Lower hot water temperature in lavatories to minimum levels. (b) Repair leaking hot water faucets. Lighting (a) Reduce lighting levels in buildings according to Lighting Level Guidelines. (b) Establish light fixture and lamp cleaning and replacement schedule. (c) Reduce outside lighting to minimal levels to be considered safe -- outside building lights, parking lot, etc. (d) Eliminate unnecessary flood and display lighting. (e) Utilize daylight as much as possible. General Electrical (a) Set specific hours for operation of building. Janitorial Service (a) Arrange janitorial services so that one section or one floor is cleaned at a time. (b) Reschedule cleaning to overlap more with normal hours or when daylight is available and sufficient for the task. (c) All lights must be turned off when work is finished. -124- TABLE 1 RECOMMENDED MAXIMUM LIGHTING LEVELS g FOOTCANDLE TASK OR AREA LEVELS Hallways or corridors 10 +5 Measured average, minimum 1 footcandle Work and circulation areas surrounding work stations 30+ 5 Measured average Normal office work, such as reading and writing (on task only), store shelves and / general display areas, etc. 50 + 10 Measured at work station Prolonged office work which is somewhat difficult vis- ually (on task only) 75 + 15 Measured at work station Prolonged office work which is visually difficult and critical in nature (on task . only) 100 + 20 Measured at work station Industrial tasks ANSI-A11.1-1973 as maximum Notes: * These levels are recommended when work stations are occupied; otherwise consideration should be given to turning lights off or to switching to 30 footcandles if other workers remain nearby. For tasks requiring levels higher than 50 footcandles, switching to lower levels is desirable if the work changes to less critical tasks. Illumination at the task should be reasonably free of veiling refle- ctions and body shadows. Refer to Table A-2 for guidance in deter- mining visual difficulty of office tasks. # American National Standards Institute A-11.1-1973, June 1973, Practice for Industrial Lighting. @ Measure of Recommended Lighting Levels: Light levels can be determined with portable illumination meters such as a photovaltiac cell connected to a meter calibrated in footcandles. The light meter should be calibrated to a basic basic accuracy of + 15% over a range of 30 to 500 footcandles and + 20% from 15 to 30 footcandles. The meter should be color corrected (according to the CIE Spectral Luminous Efficience curve) and cosine corrected. -125- TABLE 1 (continued) @ Measurement of Recommended Lighting Levels (continued) Measurements refer to average maintained horizontal footcandles, at the task or in a horizontal plane 30" above the floor. Measurements of work areas and non-working areas should be made at representative points, corridors, and circulation areas. An average of several readings may be necessary. Daylight should be excluded or corrected for during i]]umin- ation level readings for a determination of level when the system is operated without available daylight. -126- TABLE 2 TABLE OF RELATIVE VISUAL TASK DIFFICULTY FOR COMMON OFFICE TASKS Instructions for Using Table A-1 to Determine Visual Difficulty for Typical Office Tasks As a guide in evaluating the degree of visual difficulty for office work, Table A-1 may be used as a reference. Using the concept that visual difficulty for this kind of work is not only a function of the intrinsic characteristics of the task and the lighting system, but also of the length of time the task must be performed. The Table can be used as follows: Multiply the difficulty rating, as shown in the Table, for each task performed at a given workplace, by a single worker, times the number of decimal hours per day it is performed (i.e., 3 hours, 15 minutes =3.25 decimal hours). Add the products for each task. If the sum is greater than 40, provide 75 fc on the workstation. If the sum is greater than 60, provide 100 fc on the workstation. Multiply the difficulty factors by 1.5 if the operator is over 50 years of age, or if he has uncorrectable eyesight problems. Visual Difficulty Task Description Rating 1. Large Black object on White Background 1 2. Book or Magazine, Printed Matter 8-Point or Larger 2 3. Typed Original 2 4. Ink Writing (script) 3 5. Newspaper Text 4 6. Shorthand Notes, Ink 4 7. Handwriting (script) in No. 2 Pencil 5 8. Shorthand Notes, No 3 Pencil 6 9. "Washed-Out" copy from Copying Machine 7 -127- TABLE 2 Ccontinued) Visual Difficulty Task Description Rating 10. Bookkeeping 8 1l. Drafting 8 12. Telephone Directory 12 13. Typed Carbon, Fifth Copy 15 Note: Table A-1 is presented as a reasonable guide to relative task difficulty. It has been derived by judgement in interpreting data from Table 1, "Values of Relative Visibility and Footcandles Required for Various Visual Tasks to be Equal in Visibility", from an article by S. K. Guth, "Lighting Research", American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Volume 23, Page 362, October 1962, and from Report No. 1 of the IES Committee on Recommendation for Quality and Quantity of Illumination, Illuminating Engineering, August 1958, Page 422. -128- TABLE 3 RECOMMENDED ELECTRIC LIGHTING LEVELS FOR MATERIALS HANDLING AND STORAGE APPLICATIONS Levels shown are average maintained horizontal footcandles, measured four feet above the floor. NOMINAL FOOTCANDLE EQUIVALENT LEVEL FOOTCANDLE TASK (see note 1) RANGE Bulk Storage, (active, medium ) 10 8 - 12 Bulk Storage (inactive) 5 4-6 Bulk Storage, Aisles 15 12 - 18 Bin Storage (active) 15 12 - 18 Bin Packing 30 24 - 36 Weighing and Marking 30 24 - 36 Inspection 50/75 40-60/60-90 Parcel Post Packing 30 24 - 36 Bin Replenishment Holding 5 4-6 Bin Assembly 15 12 - 18 Shipping and Receiving (bulk) 10 8 - 12 Shipping and Receiving, Inspection and Check 50 40 - 60 Flammable Storage 10 8 - 12 Truck Wells 3 2.4 - 3.6 Truck Docks (see note 2) 15 12 - 18 Rail Docks (see note 2) 5 4-6 Rail Dock Entrances (see note 2) 15 12 - 18 MHE Shop 30 24 - 36 -129- TABLE 3 (continued) NOMINAL FOOTCANDLE EQUIVALENT LEVEL FOOTCANDLE TASK (see note 1) RANGE Battery Charging 30 24 - 36 Shop Storage 5 4-6 Exterior Packing 10 8 - 12 Exterior Truck Maneuvering 3 2.4 - 3.6 Exterior Storage 0.2 0.16 - 0.24 Exterior Security Lighting 0.2 0.16 - 0.24 Notes: 1. These are levels to be achieved for a task when Personnel are present. When personnel are absent, lighting should be switched off or be reduced to a level suitable only for safety requirements. Supplement the truck and rail dock general lighting with bracket- mounted lighting that can be directed into the interior of the truck or rail car. These bracket lights should have local switching and should be turned off when not in use. Specific tasks within the areas described may require substan- tially different levels of lighting. See, for example, Table A for Office Work. -130- IV. B. EMPLOYEE OPERATION AND USE Administration and Enforcement 1. rm Each department head, including the Superintendent of the Alaska Unorganized Borough School District, Directors of the Pioneer Homes and the Alaska State Housing Authority are responsible for the enforce- ment of this portion of the energy conservation program. The Alaska Court System and the University of Alaska are urged to adopt the pro- gram voluntarily. Each department head shall designate a departmental Energy Conserv- ation Coordinator (ECC), whose name, title and location shall be furn- ished to the D.E.P.D. Duties of the ECC are: a. Initiate, coordinate, evaluate and ensure that all con- servation measures are implemented and effectively carried out. b. .Serve as a liaison between the department and the D.E.P.D. Actions taken, effectiveness of actions, and additional energy conservation ideas will be reported to the D.E.P.D. 3. All departmental personnel should be oriented to the following: a. Increased awareness that the energy crisis in the United States has not passed and will remain a very serious problem for years to come. b. Energy savings are directly related to dollar savings. Adher- ence to energy conservation guidelines by al] State employees will also result in needed reductions in State spending. c. Employee comments and suggestions are actively solicited by the D.E.P.D. Monitoring 1. The D.E.P.D. will have over-all responsibility for monitoring the -131- effectiveness of this portion of the program. This will be achieved by the following methods: ® a. Communication with the Energy Conservation Coordinators (ECC's) b. Receipt of energy consumption statistics from other sources. c. Unannounced site visits to verify compliance with the energy conservation measures. 2. Each ECC will be responsible for assuring compliance through: a. Site inspections; b. Cooperation with security personnel who will monitor building heat and light settings; c. Contact with building maintenance engineers and janitorial personnel; and d. Use of other methods which may be deemed necessary to assure compliance. le C. Rules and Procedures 1. Space Heating a. Make certain heat sources are not blocked by furniture, rugs or drapes. b. Keep draperies and shades open in sunny windows, and close them at the end of every business day to prevent heat loss through the windows. c. Wear appropriate clothing to fit the seasons of the year. d. Do not tamper with thermostat settings. e. Move desks and work stations from cold surfaces (any non-insulated i walls, windows, etc.) and from drafty areas whenever possible. 2. Lighting @ a. Utilize natural light as much as possible by opening curtains during the day. -132- 3. b. a. Switch lights off when not in use. If out of the office more than 20 minutes, turn lights out -- particularly during lunch and when leaving at the end of the day. General Electrical Turn off electrical equipment when not in use -- i.e. type- writers, dictation equipment, etc. -133- CALCULATIONS OF ESTIMATED ENERGY SAVINGS FOR STATE OF ALASKA ENERGY CONSERVATION PROGRAM* INTRODUCTION The State has had a program in effect since January, 1976 to conserve energy in the area of State government. This program concentrates on two major areas: 1. Operation, maintenance and usage policies regarding State buildings. 2. Operation, maintenance and usage policies regarding State motor vehicles. The State Division of Energy and Power Development is proposing that the State of Alaska Energy Conservation Program be revised to include, in addi- tion to the above: 1. Energy efficient standards and policies regarding the pro- curement of new State facilities. 2. Energy efficient standards which affect the State's policies regarding the procurement and leasing of motor vehicles. Since there are four (4) measures which constitute the revised State of Alaska Energy Conservation Program, each measure was analyzed separately for purposes of calculating the estimated energy savings resulting from this pro- gram. The combined results reflect a total estimated energy savings of 0.1615 x 1012 BTU/year in 1980 for the State of Alaska Energy Conservation Program. The breakdown is as follows: Savings from operation, maintenance and 0.1145 x 10/2 BTU/YR usage policies for State buildings. * Prepared by Mark Fryer and Associates, Anchorage, Alaska -134- Savings from operation, maintenance and = -0- * usage policies for State motor vehicles. Savings from State facilities procure- = -0- ** ment policies. 0.0470 x 1022 BtusyrR. Savings from State motor vehicle procure- ment and leasing policies. Total Savings 0.1615 x 10/2 prusyr. * See explanation on page 140 ** See explanation on page 141 -135- CALCULATION OF ESTIMATED ENERGY SAVINGS AS _A RESULT OF OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE POLICIES OF STATE BUILDINGS While it is recognized many facets of building systems lend themselves to energy conservation, only two aspects will be calculated for the Purposes of this report: lowering building temperatures and reducing lighting opera- ting hours. A. It will be shown an average 7 degree Fahrenheit reduction in building temperature will yield an estimated energy savings of 0.1078 x 1012 BTU. in 1980. The State leased and owned a total of 7.72 million square feet of space as of January, 1977 (from telephone conversations with the State Department of Administration and the State Department of Public Works). If 7% annual growth is assumed by 1980, the State will be operating 9.46 million square feet of space. If it is also assumed 50% of the operated space is affected by the lower temperature standard and the number of degree days is decreased by 19%, the percentage difference = (1.0 new number of degree day - old number of degree days) x 100. Where: New number of degree days = 11,000 Old number of degree days = 13,548 For the purposes of these estimations an average heating consumption for all space will be assumed to be 120,000 BTU/sq. ft. Therefore, energy savings wil] be calculated from: ES =A, Fe D4 Cy Where: E. = Energy savings in 1980 (10/2 stu) Ss A. = Total space in 1980 (sq. ft.) -136- mn u Decimal fraction indicating affected area Dg = Decimal fraction indicating degree day change OQ u Heating energy consumed per sq. ft. of space (BTU/sq. ft.) Substituting into this equation yields: E. = (9.46 x 10°) (9.5) (0.19) (120,000) E. = 0.1078 x 10!2 gtu -137- B. It will be shown an estimated 0.0067 x 1012 Btu may be saved in 1980 by reducing operating hours of lighting in State buildings. Basic assumptions include: 1. Policies and enforcement result in the effective reduction of lighting operation (by switching, shorter work day, absolute fixed hours of operation per day, etc.) in offices of 10%, in schools of 10% and in other occupancies such as warehouse, recreational facilities, etc. of 20%. 2. Projected State facilities for the years 1978 through 1980 are as follows: TABLE 1 PROJECTED AREA (SQ. FT.) le 1978 1979 . 1980 . Offices 1,735,725 1,857,225 1,987,230 Schools 1,570,935 1,680,900 1,798,560 Other 4,170,960 4,462,930 4,775,330 3. The mandatory standards for lighting and thermal efficiency are in effect and therefore estimated savings for 1980 are in addi- tion to values calculated under those programs. -138- Offic Schoo Other Reduc Esl ilz Where Es Ty = Or as TABLE 2* ESTIMATED ENERGY SAVINGS (1012 BTU) ACCRUING FROM MANDATORY LIGHTING STANDARD WITHOUT REDUCED OPERATING HOURS FOR LIGHTING FOR COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS 1978 1979 1980 es 0.0087 0.0228 0.0325 Is 0.0049 0.0242 0.0358 0.0189 0.0491 0.0949 ing equation (1)* for each catagory; 2 T (energy saved as calculated, and modified for State =f ! buildings only) Additional energy savings as a result of reduced lighting operating hours in State buildings (1012 BTU) 1.0 - (old operating hourse = new operating hours) stipulated in number 1. of assumptions: TABLE 3 OPERATING HOUR FACTOR te Offices 0.10 Schools 0.10 Other 0.20 See "Calculations of Energy Savings for Mandatory Lighting Efficiency Standards" section as prepared by Mark Fryer & Associates -139- Therefore for offices (correcting for State buildings): E, = (0.10) ( % of 1980 office space for State) (0.0325) or E. = (0.10) (0.23) (0.0325) = 0.00075 x 10! pty Similarly for schools: E, = (0.10) (0.17) (0.0358) = 0.00061 x 1012 Btu And Others: E. = (0.20) (0.28) (0.0949) = 0.0053 x 10/2 Btu s The total added estimated energy savings will be the sum of those three numbers or 0.0067 x 1012 Btu Please note this figure should be added to the estimated energy savings as a result of mandatory lighting standards with the same caution as offered at the end of that report section. -140- \ CALCULATION OF ESTIMATED ENERGY SAVINGS AS A RESULT OF OPERATION, MAINTENANCE AND USAGE POLICIES REGARDING STATE MOTOR VEHICLES For the purposes of this report, the energy savings resulting from this program were deemed negligible in relation to the other facets of the State's Conservation Program. The usage aspect is included in the calculation of energy savings as a result of State motor vehicle procurement policies since one assump- tion was an improved employee/vehicle ratio. -141- CALCULATION OF ESTIMATED ENERGY SAVINGS DUE TO REVISED POLICIES REGARDING PROCUREMENT OF STATE FACILITIES The energy savings from this program will not be calculated separately. The results, however, are included in the calculated energy savings from mandatory lighting standards and mandatory standards for thermal efficiencies. In addition, even though a State program to require all new buildings constructed by the State of Alaska conform to ASHRAE 90-75 went into effect February, 1, 1977, no separate calculation was made to determine estimated energy savings accruing from this program until July 1, 1978. It was felt the facilities built in 1977 would not become functional until around January 1, 1978 and therefore the six months of operation of these structures under the new program would not contribute signi- ficantly to the estimated energy savings calculated for all commercial buildings, public and private, from July 1, 1978 (the projected date of implementation of mandatory lighting and thermal energy standards.) -142- CALCULATION OF ESTIMATED SAVINGS DUE TO REVISED POLICIES REGARDING PROCUREMENT AND LEASING OF STATE MOTOR VEHICLES The estimated energy savings resulting from the establishment of energy efficient policies regarding the procurement and leasing of State motor vehi- cles is calculated to be 0.0470 x 10! sTu/YR for 1980. The calculations, including assumptions , are provided below: The government uses 25,000 BBL/DAY (1974) (AMATS Study) AMATS civilian government employees = 11,096 (1968) AMATS project civilian government employees = 23,867 (1980) * From Jim Fredrickson (Division of Energy and Power Development). TOTAL DEPARTMENT EMPLOYEES TOTAL NUMBER OF TOTAL NUMBER OF STATE OF ALASKA STATE-OWNED STATE LEASED GOVERNMENT VEHICLES ; VEHICLES 7,026 1,030 130 Assuming an unrestrained growth of 7% annually (to match popu- lation projections) the condition of 1980 is projected: TOTAL DEPARTMENT EMPLOYEES TOTAL NUMBER OF TOTAL NUMBER OF STATE OF ALASKA STATE-OWNED STATE LEASED GOVERNMENT VEHICLES VEHICLES 9,854 1,344 183 Unrestrained growth yields an employee/vehicle ratio of 6.03 * From memo over Clarissa Quinlan's signature dated June 24, 1976 -143- For purposes of study, conservatively estimate an effectiveness of conservation efforts to yield an employee/vehicle ratio of 7.0 (an improvement of roughly 15%). Based on this assumption and accepting as given the 1980 total employees figure of 9,854, the vehicular situation in 1980 would be: TOTAL DEPARTMENT EMPLOYEES TOTAL NUMBER OF TOTAL NUMBER OF STATE OF ALASKA STATE-OWNED STATE LEASED GOVERNMENT VEHICLES VEHICLES 1,854 1,239 169 —_—_— VEHICULAR ACQUISITIONS NUMBER OF NUMBER OF VEHICLES VEHICLES YEAR (UNRESTRAINED) (RESTRAINED) DIFFERENCE 1976 1,165 1,165 0) 1977* 1,246 1237 9 1978* 1,334 1,289 45 1979 1,427 1,345 82 1980 1,527 1,408 119 * Program instituted October 31, 19/7. ASSUMPTIONS REGARDING INDIVIDUAL VEHICLES: All vehicles are of mid-weight class (2250-2799#) and as such have the following characteristics: Miles/Gallon = 19 Average Miles/Year = 20,090 Fuel Consumption = 1,050 Gallons/Year u Energy Consumption = 132 x 108 BTU/Year (Energy Consumption based on 126,000 BTU/Gallons) Ay = Ap = 2.4% By = By = 2.4% Ty = Tz = 43,000 BTU/Dollar My = Mo = 34,000 BTU/Dollar -144- FLEET CHARACTERISTICS UNRESTRAINED RESTRAINED Total Fleet Size 1,527 1,408 Purchased in 1980 100 60 P, = 58,000 BTU/Dollar SUBSTITUTING INTO EQ. 2: 1.4 (43,000) + 2.4(24,000)+(00 -2, 4-2.4)58,000 é,= —— | ore) €;= 57,064 BTU/DOLLAZL SUBSTITUTING INTO EQ. 1: oo 1627 (6000 ) (57, O64) ™ 1.D €,%, = 0,402 x10!" BTL eS) = 1,498 (6000) (67,064) LB 66) = 0.371 xio” BTU E,=5/'= 20,000 MILES/AUTO (126,000 BTU /aAt.,) [D MILES /GALLOK doug E,=&,= 1.32 x 108 BTU/AUTO, En(F) = (0.402-0.a7)(jp% BTU)+O,. 202 -0.182(io!2 aru) E5(P) = 0.0470 x Jol ary -145- Assessment of Actual Energy Savings for State of Alaska Energy Conservation Program A. State Buildings (including energy efficient procurement, operation, maintenance and usage policies) To determine the actual energy savings in 1980 resulting from implementa- tion of the State of Alaska Energy Conservation Program for State buildings, the State will follow the general procedures outlined below: Step 1: Determine the total square footage of State buildings existing in 1980. Step 2: Calculate the energy consumed in those buildings in 1980. Step 3: Estimate the energy that would have been consumed in those buildings in 1980 without the program. Step 4: Calculate the difference. The result will represent the actual energy savings resulting from the State of Alaska Energy Conservation Program for State Buildings. However, when totalling the energy savings from each program measure to determine the overall savings from the entire Program, the State must adjust this figure to account for the fact that a portion of these savings will already be included in total savings resulting from the lighting and thermal efficiency standards. B. State Motor Vehicles (including energy efficient procurement, operation, maintenance and usage policies) To determine the actual energy savings in 1980 resulting from implemen- tation of the State of Alaska Energy Conservation Program for State motor vehicles, the State will perform the following steps: Step 1: Determine the average m.p.g. (miles per gallon) rate of all State lightweight motor vehicles in 1980. Step 2: Determine the average m.p.g. rate of all State lightweight motor vehicles in 1976. -146- Step 3: Calculate the total amount of gasoline consumed by State lightweight motor vehicles in 1980 (total miles divided by average m.p.g., 1980 rate). Step 4: Calculate the total amount of gasoline that would have been consumed by State lightweight motor vehicles in 1980 at the 1976 m.p.g. rate (total miles divided by average m.p.g., 1976 rate). Step 5: Calculate the difference. The difference will represent a rough estimate of the savings resulting from this program measure. However, a portion of the savings will be due to the fact that the fuel efficiency of new motor vehicles procured during the years 1977-80 will be greater than that of the vehicles which existed in 1976, because of technological improvements in the manufacturing of motor vehicles. Con- sequently, to arrive at a more accurate figure, the State must account for this factor. -147- State of Alaska Energy Conservation Program Estimated Costs of Implementation (in $000's) Contributor Year FEA Non-FEA 1977 onl Total Pees Cen ps 1977 8.49 1.00 State of Alaska 9.49 (Personal Services) (1.00) 1978 10.00 17.50 27.50 1979 -0- 19.00 19.00 fe. i 1980 -0- 20.00 20.00 { a es -148- 3. FEA Energy Conservation Workshop Program The adoption of energy conservation programs by individual busi- nesses and industrial firms can significantly reduce the rate of energy consumption in the commercial and industrial sectors. Until recently, energy management programs were not an important consideration by most businesses. However, the recent escalation of energy costs has prompted many firms to take a serious look at energy conservation as a means of reducing operation costs and increasing profits. The sooner Alaskan businesses and industrial firms begin to imple- ment energy conservation programs, the sooner the State of Alaska can achieve its goal of reducing the rate of statewide energy consumption. Owners and managers must be motivated to adopt energy management programs as soon as possible. Government should not only help provide this motiva- tion, but should offer assistance as well. The FEA Energy Conservation Workshop Program is an effective means of providing this motivation and assistance. It will increase awareness of the benefits of conserving energy and will outline the necessary steps that must be taken to achieve energy savings by individual businesses and industrial firms. The Alaska Division of Energy and Power Development endorses the FEA Energy Conservation Workshop Program. It plans to actively support and promote the FEA workshops that will be held in Region X. In addition, the D.E.P.D. plans to supplement the FEA Workshop Program by sponsoring additional workshops within the state. Involvement in the FEA. Energy Conservation Workshop Program by the State of Alaska is seen in six areas, outlined below: 1. Invitation Lists After receiving from FEA the invitation lists for the 17 work- shops that are tentatively planned for Region X, the D.E.P.D. will review -149- them for correctness and will make recommendations to FEA of those companies that are the most appropriate invitees for the workshops. 2. Invitational Letters Upon receiving a final mailing list from FEA, the D.E.P.D. will mail out invitational letters in advance of FEA-contractor mailings of invitational materials. The State letter will be a general invi- tation and a notice to the recipient that further information is to come from the contractor, including details of the workshop and a registration form. 3. Phone Follow-Up After the D.E.P.D. is notified by FEA of the response from in- vitees to the invitations, it will telephone the companies to help insure adequate attendance at the workshops. For those companies that have registered for the workshops, the D.E.P.D. will simply place a call to confirm their plans to attend. For those invitees that have not responded, or indicate that they do not plan to attend, the D.E.P.D. will contact them by phone to encourage their attendance and to further explain the benefits of the workshops. 4. Host Selection The D.E.P.D. will help select a host company for each workshop held in the state. The role of the host company will be to help kick- off the workshop with a few words of endorsement at the opening of the session. 5. Participation in the Workshop For the workshops that will be held in the State, the D.E.P.D. will have a representative in attendance. As a representative of the host state, this person will welcome all invitees to the workshop and will provide any additional assistance requested by the contractor who is sponsoring the workshop. -150- 6. State Workshops In addition to participating in the FEA Energy Conservation Workshop Program, the D.E.P.D. plans to sponsor supplementary work- shops within the state. Because of Alaska's remoteness, most of the FEA workshops planned for Region X will be held outside the state. The high transportation costs involved in attending the workshops planned for Idaho, Oregon and Washington may tend to minimize the opportunity for some Alaskan businesses and industrial firms to attend. Furthermore, since FEA plans to limit the attendance of each workshop to 20-30 participants, in order to maximize effectiveness, many organ- izations in Alaska will be unable to benefit from the sessions. For these reasons, and because of the potential that the energy conservation workshops program has in helping to reduce the rate of statewide energy consumption, the D.E.P.D. considers it an important in- clusion into its State Energy Conservation Plan. The D.E.P.D. plans to seek assistance from FEA in planning and implementing its own workshop program. The concept of sponsoring energy conservation workshops is a new one. The strategies and procedures used in implementing such a program will determine its success or failure. Since FEA has taken the lead in this area, it will be in a position to offer valuable information that will assist the States in effectively implementing their own energy conservation workshop programs. The D.E.P.D. does not plan to begin sponsoring state workshops until after the 1977 FEA Workshop Program has been completed. Consequently, no state workshops will be held until 1978. A listing of milestones for the FEA Energy Conservation Workshop Program is provided on the following page. -151- -2S1- OO Ate ato > 6-30-77 IN 449 Seattle (Feb.11) BS 34] Portland (Mar.17) IN 242 Portland (Apr.7) BO 309 Seattle (Apr.12) VP 049 Portland (Apr.19) VP 160 Spokane (Apr. 20) VP 131 Seattle (Apr.21) VP 159 Tacoma (Apr.22) BO 382 Portland (May 5) BF 383 ey ay (May 14 9-30-77 IN 274 Boise (July 20) In 275 Pocatello (July 22) LISTING OF MILESTONES FOR FEA WORKSHOP PROGRAM: 12-31-77 IN 258 Seattle (Oct.5) IN 243 Portland (Oct.7) Plan for 1978 State Workshops Calendar Quarter or Year: 3-31-78 State Workshops 6-30-78 State Workshops 9-30-78 State Workshops 12-31-78 State Workshops Plan for 1979 State Workshops 1979 1980 State State Workshops | Workshops Plan for 1980 State Workshops FEA Workshops Program Estimated Costs of Implementation (in $000's) Contributor Year FEA Non-FEA 1977 only) Total 1977 - 683 -0- N/A - 683 1978 30.0* 8.0 N7A 38.00 SS ner Se ee Se eee re ee Cee ane eae Ren 1979 15.0* 10.0 N/A 25.00 oh yt SH 1980 -0- 12.0 N/A 12.00 * Note: It was assumed that Supplemental Program funding would be available for 1978 and 1979. This has been included in the total figures. However, since estimates of 1979 and 1980 authorizations for the original State Conservation Program are not available, we have not included this possible additional funding in our projections. -153- PART IV -D ENVIRONMENTAL RESIDUALS The State does not anticipate any adverse affects on the environment resulting from the implementation of the State Energy Conservation Plan. This concern was considered by the State in its selection of the program measures described in this Report. The five mandatory program measures, required by FEA, were described in the State Energy Conservation Program proposal which was circulated throughout all state agencies by way of the A-95 Clearinghouse process before the start of the Program's planning phase. The State Department of Environmental Conservation reviewed and approved these proposed program measures from an environmental standpoint. The additional program measures, originally selected by the Division of Energy and Power Development, have also been reviewed and approved by the Department of Environmental Conservation. In accordance with FEA Guidelines, and to assure compliance with the intent of the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA), the State has pre- pared a detailed description of the increase or decrease in the environmental residuals expected from implementation of the Plan. This description, including computations of the residuals, is provided on the following pages. -154- a U-516-S-1 State Alaska Date 4-5-77 R 4 by GAO PART V B-181254 (RO356) t Expires 12-31-78 Sa bbe aaa The applicant hereby assures and certifies that they will comply with the regulations, policies, guidelines, and requirements including OMB Circular No. A-95 and Federal Management Circulars Nos. 74-4, (Cost Principles Applicable to Grants and Contracts with State and local governments) and 74-7, (Uniform Adminstrative Requirements for Grants-in-Aid to State and local governments), as they relate to the application, acceptance and use of Federal funds for this Federally assisted project. Also the applicant assures and certifies with respect to the project that: 1. It possesses legal authority to apply for the grant; that a resolution, motion or similar action has been duly adopted or passed as an official act of the applicant's governing body, if necessary, authorizing the filing of the application, including all understandings and assurances contained therein, and directing and author- izing the person identified as the official representa- tive of the applicant to act in connection with the application and to provide such additional information as may be required. .2. It will comply with Title VI of the Civili Rights Act of 1964 (P.L. 88-352) and in accordance with Title VI of that Act, no person in the United States shall, on the ground of race, color, or national origin, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be other- wise subjected to discrimination under any program or activity for which the applicant received Federal financial assistance and will immediately take any measures necessary to effectuate this agreement. 3. It will comply with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (42 USC 2000d) prohibiting employment discrimination where (1) the primary purpose of a grant is to provide employment or (2) discriminatory employment practices will result in unequal treatment of persons who are or should be benefiting from the grant-aided activity. 10. ll. u-516-S-1 f It will comply with requirements of the provisions of the Uniform Relocation Assistance and Real Property Acquisitions Act of 1970 (P.L. 91-646) which provides for fair and equitable treatment of persons displaced as a result of Federal and federally assisted programs. It will comply with the provisions of the Hatch Act which limit the political activity °f employees. It will comply with minimum wage and maximum hours pro- visions of the Federal Fair Labor Standards Act, as they apply to hospital and educational institution employees of State and local governments. It will establish safeguards to prohibit employees from using their positions for a purpose that is or gives the appearance of being motivated by a desire for private gain for themselves or others, particularly those with whom they have family, business, or other ties. It will give the grantor agency or the Comptroller General through any authorized representative the access to anc the riaqnt to examine all recoras. pooks. vapers. or docu- ments related to the grant. It will comply with all requirements imposed by the Federal grantor agency concerning special requirements of law, pro- gram requirements, and other administrative requirements approved in accordance with Federal Management Circular 74-7. It will comply with the provisions of the State energy conser- vation plan guidelines (41 FR 48325-48333, November 3, 1976) and the Energy Policy and Conservation Act (Pub. L. 94-163) to include all the required program measures, unless waived in whole or in part by FEA. The funds will be spent solely for the implementation of State energy conservation plans.