Loading...
HomeMy WebLinkAboutAlaska Bioenergy Program Annual Report July 1990- June 1991 AUESIE -MEGY ALMIOLIEY o~ Alaska Bioenergy Program Annual Report July 1990 - June 1991 Alaska Bioenergy Program Annual Report July 1990 - June 1991 Prepared by: Rick Rogers Bioenergy Development Specialist Department of Commerce and Economic Development Alaska Energy Authority Table of Contents INTRODUCTION irrsseverscccootsooneoscarossvovsavsesanscnsensensvasvvs vsovsnvssnvovacevsazeaseousseghanayeuvense¥eeguqueusavenve0sevaz¥tes 1 1990-91 PROGRAM ACTIVITIES .. Project Development Technical Assistance and Business Development Initiating Interest in Developing an Alaskan Wood Pellet Industry Interior Alaska Forest Product Industry Development Kenai Peninsula Beetle Killed Timber Salvage Developing Markets for Wood Fuels in Tok Area. Assisting with Regulatory Issues Municipal Solid Waste.. -WOWWWNNND eS Rural Utilities .... -4 Institutional Relations .4 Public Education........ 5 Resource Assessment--Evaluating the Resource Base... wd INDUSTRY TRENDS 000... eesecssesesesesestenssesesesestsuesescsesesesnsusseseseasseseaeacavevesesescaeacacacaeeeaeeeaseeeseasacecs 6 ALASKA BIOENERGY PROGRAM REPORTS AND PUBLICATIONS... wT PUDIICALIONS LISTING ........ccceeseeesetctsteeseseseseneseeetseseseeteteeeeeene .7 Summary of Alaska Bioenergy Program Reports and Publications. 8 Resource Studies wd Biomass Inventory and Disposal Costs on State Agricultural LANAS 0... eeceseseesesestsesescscsescsesesesesssescscscscatsesessssensaeseaesesestsueaeaeecacaeaeseaeers 9 Recovery and Use of Wood Waste Generated in the City- Boroughs of Juneau and Sitka..... Assessment of Biomass Resources in Alaska... Alaska Sawmill and Pulp Mill Residue Assessment.. Municipal Solid Waste: A Resource Assessment for Energy Recovery in Alaska.. Energy Conversion Studies _ Use of Mixed Fuels in Direct Combustion Systems .........ccceceseeseeeeeees 11 Toxic and Hazardous Emissions Associated with Co-firing Mixed Fuels in Direct Combustion Systems Wood Chip/Coal Burn at Fort Wainwright Estimation of Potential Timber Volume in the Tanana Valley Available for Wood Chip FUCI 0... ecceesesesestetseseseseeeeeeteteteneeneees 13 Plant Site Power Generation Study for Wrangell Forest Products....... 13 Marketing Studies...........cccccssssseseseseseseseeseseenesneneseeenees .13 Valley Sawmill Wood Residue Marketing Study. Charcoal Plant Prospectus .13 ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE. .......sccsssssesssssessessessesssecsessessessessesnesscsuessesussusseeseeueeueeueenenseaenneanes 14 Participating Organizations, Pacific Northwest and Alaska Regional Bioenergy INTRODUCTION Alaska is a state with vast natural resources including oil, gas, coal and timber. All of these fuels are used for heating and the production of electricity, with natural gas being the predominant energy resource. Alaska also has abundant hydroelectric resources. Biomass fuels--wood, municipal solid waste and agricultural waste--are also available for energy production in many parts of the state. These fuels offer Alaskan communities the opportunity to use local energy resources, rather than costly imported fossil fuels for heating and electricity. Use of biomass fuels for energy offers many communities alternatives to local environmental problems. Landfills, for example, can be reduced in size and rate of use by incinerating municipal solid waste. Disposal of waste wood in energy conversion facilities improves the forest environment by reducing fire hazards and controlling insect infestation. ALASKA BIOENERGY PROGRAM Goal: © To promote the use of biomass for energy and other application in Alaska. Objectives: QO To assist in resolving regulatory, permitting, land ownership or other problems that affect the production or use of biomass as an energy resource. © To support public agency and private industry ventures that use biomass for energy. © To address environmental issues related to the recovery and use of biomass energy resources. © _To familiarize potential users with biomass production and combustion technologies. © Develop a state agency network to support biomass as an energy resource. The purpose of the Alaska Bioenergy Program is to promote the use of biomass fuels for energy. This is accomplished by supporting public and private sector projects using biomass fuels. This Annual Report provides information on Program activities in 1990-91 and describes efforts that have been made towards achieving Program goals. 1990-91 PROGRAM ACTIVITIES Project Development Last December, the Alaska Bioenergy Program and the Alaska Department of Corrections entered into a cooperative project to design and construct a wood- fired heating system for a 9,500 square foot greenhouse and shop facility at the Palmer Correctional Facility in Sutton. A cordwood fired heating system was designed. The system is under construction, and is scheduled for test firing in September of 1991. The system will use two 350,000 Btu cordwood gasification boilers, a 3,000 gallon accumulator tank and electric controls to automatically switch the system to oil heat during peak loads. Similar systems could be installed in institutions throughout the state. School administrators looking to lower energy costs in rural Alaska have shown interest in the Department of Correction's system. The project will displace over 8,000 gallons of #2 fuel oil annually, and serve to demonstrate this technology to others interested in using wood fuels in Alaska. In addition to the Department of Corrections project, the Alaska Bioenergy Program has been active in encouraging development of institutional wood-fired heating systems throughout the state. Several school districts and other public and private facilities have been contacted regarding the use of local wood resources for heating applications. Technical Assistance and Business Development The Alaska Bioenergy Program provides technical assistance to new and developing industries as well as existing and potential users and suppliers of biomass fuels. Such assistance takes many forms including: interpretating regulatory requirements and acquiring permits; identifiying project financing alternatives; providing information about appropriate energy conversion and fuel processing and handling technologies; locating markets for biomass derived energy or fuels; and using regional and national networks to put Alaskans in touch with leaders in the development of biomass energy resources in other states. Initiating Interest in Developing an Alaskan Wood Pellet Industry This past year the Alaska Bioenergy Program played an active role in assisting a dozen different firms in evaluating the potential to produce and market wood-waste derived fuel pellets in Alaska. Following attendance of a two day wood pellet manufacturing and marketing workshop sponsored by the Fiber Fuels Institute and touring densified fuel production facilities, we actively sought industry interest in pellet production in Alaska. We evaluated markets and estimated the current number of pellet appliances currently in use in the state. If marketing hurdles can be overcome, the residential wood-pellet industry in Alaska could provide new opportunities for sawmill and urban wood waste disposal while offering consumers an attractive clean burning alternative to cordwood or fuel oil. Interior Alaska Forest Product Industry Development We assisted two firms seeking to establish timber harvesting and forest product manufacturing facilities in Interior Alaska. One of these firms is interested in identifying potential markets for bark and fines resulting from chipping operations. The second firm requested assistance in siting a sawmill on the Yukon river with consideration for energy markets using wood waste. Kenai Peninsula Beetle Killed Timber Salvage We provided information on both appropriate technologies and potential markets for thermal and electrical energy derived from bark and fines resulting from a proposed chipping operation on the Kenai Peninsula. The area has been hit hard by an epidemic of Spruce Bark Beetles. Developing Markets for Wood Fuels in Tok Area We took an active role in identifying potential markets for low grade logs = and mill residues in Tok. This included providing technical information on fuel densification and combustion and seeking markets for wood fuels in public institutions such as the Alaska Gateway School District. Assisting with Regulatory Issues We worked with several established forest products firms in southeast and southcentral Alaska, helping them with regulatory issues related to wood waste disposal, combustion and ash management. This included providing information on: o leachates from wood waste, bark and wood ash © air toxins associated with the combustion of wood containing chlorine from salt water storage and transport oO necessary permits for landfilling wood waste Municipal Solid Waste We provided assistance to two barge transportation firms evaluating the feasibility of developing regional solid waste disposal facilities in coastal Alaska. The firms were interested in hauling MSW to a centralized waste- to-energy facility. Rural Utilities We provided several rural utilities with technical information related to production of power from solid biomass fuels. We continue to evaluate small scale technologies aimed at developing reliable power from locally derived biomass fuels in remote areas of the state. Institutional Relations The development of biomass energy facilities can have a direct impact on forest management, waste disposal, air quality, energy costs, employment and economic development. The Alaska Bioenergy Program continually fosters cooperative working relationships with numerous state and federal agencies concerned with these aspects of biomass energy use. This interagency emphasis provides opportunities for biomass energy development. In addition, these contacts can prove useful to potential project developers who may be looking for interagency support or require assistance in permit acquisition. Public Education Familiarity with harvesting, fuel preparation and combustion technologies promotes the use of biomass as a fuel resource. One of the primary objectives of the Alaska Bioenergy Program is to assist potential users in identifying suitable technologies and determining the feasibility of proposed bioenergy projects. The Program provides the public with information on biomass projects in other states and reports on in-state industry trends. The quarterly Bioenergy News, serves over 400 readers in Alaska and other states. This year, Bioenergy News covered a variety of topics including activities in the forest products industry, solid waste management issues, air quality regulatory changes, new publications available to interested readers, new and developing technologies, case studies of biomass energy projects and other information of interest to potential project developers. Copies of Bioenergy News, mailed out quarterly at the end of February, May, August and November are available from the Alaska Energy Authority free of charge. Resource Assessment--Evaluating the Resource Base Biomass inventories of commercial forest lands provide a meaningful data base that can be used to develop commercial timber and wood waste harvesting plans. Availability of stable wood supplies, location, and access to wood at a reasonable cost all affect the use of wood biomass as an energy resource. The Regional Bioenergy Program has sponsored several biomass inventory projects in Alaska. These include assessments of residue volumes in Southeast Alaska, in Fairbanks, and on state agricultural lands in Southcentral Alaska. This year we prepared a report estimating the total wood and bark residues produced by Alaska's sawmills and pulp mills. The report includes estimates of the amount of residues being landfilled, incinerated without energy recovery and used as an industrial fuel. We also prepared a draft resource assessment of Municipal Solid Waste and opportunities for energy recovery in Alaska. The report includes information on waste quantities and characteristics, and unique opportunities and challenges to the development of waste-to-energy in Alaska. The final report is scheduled for publication in September, 1991. INDUSTRY TRENDS Current events in the forest products and waste disposal industries affect the potential for developing biomass energy resources. The following paragraphs summarize significant events occurring in 1990-91. The Forest Products industry in Alaska continues to experience relatively strong overseas demand, however, prices for lumber and logs are off from the previous highs of 1989-90. Prices for dissolving pulp on the world market are significantly lower than the previous year. Timber shortages in the Pacific Northwest resulting from withdraws of commercial timber for spotted owl habitat have increased interest in White Spruce from interior Alaska. Several Pacific Northwest pulp and paper producers are exploring supplies of chips from both interior and coastal regions of the state. Concern over Spruce Bark Beetle epidemics in Southcentral and Interior White Spruce stands intensified as that epidemic continued unchecked. A wildfire in the Cooper's Landing area, an area with extreme fire danger as a result of the beetle infestation, brought home the reality of the risks this beetle killed forest presents to the local community. Timber management on the Tongass National Forest was altered significantly through passage of the 1990 Tongass Timber Reform Act. The Act included: © reduction in timber available for harvest by 1 million acres © elimination of guaranteed harvest quotas oO renegotiation of two long standing 50 year term timber sale contracts o reduction of federal road construction credits In spite of the Tongass Timber Reform Act revisions, environmental groups continue to delay timber harvest activities through legal channels. A revised Alaska Forest Practices Act was passed into law, increasing the state's regulatory influence over forestry operations on state, municipal and private lands. Draft regulations are currently in the public review process. Municipalities throughout the state continue to grapple with difficulties in disposing of municipal solid waste. Proposed implementation of the Clean Air Act revisions and pending new federal landfill regulations have added to uncertainty about disposal alternatives. Coastal communities have been affected by the increase in refuse generated by off-shore activities in the fishing and cruise ship industries. International restrictions on ocean dumping are putting 6 more pressure on coastal solid waste facilities. Regional solutions are being explored for both solid waste reduction, recycling and disposal. The State Department of Environmental Conservation has begun to develop cooperative agreements with municipalities, formalizing plans to achieve compliance with solid waste regulations. ALASKA BIOENERGY PROGRAM REPORTS AND PUBLICATIONS Publications Listing Alaska Bioenergy Program Annual Report, Alaska Energy Authority, Department of Commerce and Economic Development; Anchorage, Alaska Alaska Charcoal Production and Feasibility Study, Theodore Smith, Resource Management; Willow, Alaska; 1985 Alaska Sawmill and Pulp Mill Residue Assessment, Rick Rogers, Alaska Energy Authority, Department of Commerce and Economic Development, May, 1991 Bioenergy News, Quarterly Newsletter; Alaska Bioenergy Program, Alaska Energy Authority, Department of Commerce and Economic Development; Anchorage, Alaska Biomass Conversion Opportunities, Calvin Kerr and Patricia Woodell; Alaska Energy Authority, Department of Commerce and Economic Development; Anchorage, Alaska; 1987 Biomass Inventory and Disposal Costs on State Agricultural Lands, Barbara Hansen; Division of Forestry, Alaska Department of Natural Resources; Anchorage, Alaska; 1988 Biomass Permit Handbook, Patricia Woodell; Alaska Energy Authority, Department of Commerce and Economic Development; Anchorage, Alaska; 1986 Biomass Resource Update, Patricia Woodell; Alaska Energy Authority, Department of Commerce and Economic Development; Anchorage, Alaska; 1987 Estimation of Potential Timber Volume in the Tanana Valley Available for Wood Chip Fuel, Allen Richmond; School of Agriculture and Land Resources Management, University of Alaska; Fairbanks, Alaska; 1986 Metlakatia Wood Waste Options, Calvin Kerr and Patricia Woodell; Alaska Energy Authority, Department of Commerce and Economic Development; Anchorage; September 1989 Publications Listing (continued) Municipal Solid Waste: A Resource Assessment for Energy Recovery in Alaska, Rick Rogers, Alaska Energy Authority, Department of Commerce and Economic Development, September, 1991 1987 Emission Testing Boiler #6, Coal, Coal and Wood, Coal and Waste Oil United States Army, Environmental Hygiene Agency; Aberdeen Proving Grounds, Maryland; 1988 Plant Site Power Generation Study for Wrangell Forest Products, Carroll Hatch and Associates; Portland, Oregon; 1985 Recovery and Use of Wood Waste Generated In the City-Boroughs of Juneau and Sitka, Daniel Bischop; Environaid; Juneau, Alaska; 1985 Small Sawmill Residue Utilization Demonstration, Calvin Kerr; Kerr and Associates; Anchorage, Alaska; 1985 Statewide Blomass Resource Assessment, Barbara Hansen and Patricia Woodell; Division of Forestry, Department of Natural Resources and Alaska Energy Authority, Department of Commerce and Economic Development; Anchorage, Alaska; 1986 Toxic and Hazardous Emissions Associated with Co-Firing Mixed Fuels in Direct Combustion Systems, David C. Junge, Ph D; School of Engineering, University of Alaska Anchorage; Anchorage, Alaska; June 1990 Use of Mixed Fuels in Direct Combustion Systems, David C. Junge, Ph D; School of Engineering, University of Alaska Anchorage; Anchorage, Alaska; 1989 Summary of Alaska Bioenergy Program Reports and Publications The Alaska Bioenergy Program has supported a variety of research projects over the past several years. The goal of these projects is to promote the use of biomass as an energy resource by providing information on resource availability, combustion technologies, environmental impacts, and other matters that may affect the use of biomass for energy. Copies of these studies are available from the Alaska Energy Authority or can be borrowed through the state-wide library network. Resource Studies Biomass Inventory and Disposal Costs on State Agricultural Lands For businesses outside the forest products industry, installation of wood/energy facilities is a major financial and technological commitment. The availability of a stable, reasonably priced, long-term fuel supply has a significant affect on business or community decisions to purchase wood- fired equipment. The purpose of the biomass inventory was to identify wood volumes on state-owned lands classified for agricultural disposal. In addition to quantifying wood resources, the project underscored the importance of alternative uses for waste timber from land clearing, rather than continuing with past practices of berming and burning. Communities and businesses in the Yukon and Southcentral areas of the state can use this resource inventory along with timber data from private lands to identify long-term wood supplies for commercial wood-burning facilities. Recovery and Use of Wood Waste Generated in the City-Boroughs of Juneau and Sitka The purpose of this resource study was to estimate volumes of wood waste from municipal land clearing over a 15-year period for the boroughs of Juneau and Sitka. Results are published in the report Recovery and Use of Wood Wastes Generated in the City-Boroughs of Juneau and Sitka, written by Environaid, May 1985. Wood waste estimates in Juneau and Sitka led to consideration of using wood waste and municipal solid waste (MSW) as energy fuels. The study suggested potential disposal markets and offered the boroughs alternative strategies for long-term waste management. The study considered co-firing as one solution to limited landfill space and other environmental problems resulting from disposal of stumps, brush and construction waste. Assessment of Biomass Resources in Alaska The report entitled Statewide Biomass Resource Assessment (1986), presents an overview of Alaska data that estimates biomass volumes and potential energy of that biomass. Wood biomass, agricultural, animal and municipal solid wastes are included in this review. The report provides information on interior and coastal Alaska standing timber inventories, fire-killed timber and land clearing residue. It also estimates energy potential from landfills in Anchorage, Fairbanks, and larger communities in Southeast Alaska. An analysis of Alaska crop volumes and livestock is included in this report, along with calculations for estimating energy potential from agricultural waste. The report Biomass Resource Update (1987), is a continuation of the research work described above. It provides additional wood inventory data and presents a model for calculating the cost of moving different species of Alaska timber from point of harvest to energy production sites. While the earlier assessment focused on landfills in larger Alaska communities, the update provides an inventory of permitted landfills and population figures for smaller communities throughout the state. This inventory provides insight into the potential for using municipal solid waste as an energy resource in remote and scattered locations. The update presents data from the most recent annual report of the National Agricultural Statistics Service and reviews energy conversion calculations used to estimate energy potential from animal waste. The 1991 report entitled Alaska Sawmill and Pulp Mill Residue Assessment, provides estimates of residue yield from the state's sawmills and pulp mills, and estimates the percentage of these wastes being used as an industrial fuel. The report also provides a methodology for estimating residue yields from small, cant, dimensional and pulp mills in Alaska. The 1991 report entitled Municipal Solid Waste: A Resource Assessment for Energy Recovery in Alaska, provides information on waste volumes, characteristics and seasonal variability of municipal solid waste in Alaska. The report also describes various energy recovery technologies from MSW, and evaluates opportunities in Alaska for recovering energy from the municipal solid waste stream. The report includes a bibliography of 39 publications for further information on the subjects of energy recovery from waste and solid waste issues in Alaska. 10 Energy Conversion Studies Use of Mixed Fuels in Direct Combustion Systems Coal-burning facilities like Fort Wainwright and the University of Alaska in Fairbanks face important cost, operational and environmental considerations in converting from use of single fuels to two dissimilar fuels. The combustion of biomass and fossil fuels in new, as well as existing facilities, requires a careful analysis of co-firing technologies and their impacts on community environments. Larger communities and businesses in Southeast Alaska and many parts of rural Alaska have the potential to co-fire dissimilar fuels for energy production. In addition to reducing the amount of land required for solid waste disposal, the possibility of using more than one fuel--for example, wood and municipal solid waste--improves the likelihood of stable fuel supplies. Use of local biomass can offset importation of expensive fossil fuels, and can stimulate local economies through wood harvesting and fuel preparation activities. Interest in co-firing biomass and fossil fuels has led to the Alaska Bioenergy Program's research in evaluating co-burning technologies. This research, completed in June 1989, provides information on co-firing systems currently in operation and identifies operational problems associated with fuel handling, combustion and environmental controls. The project also examines the economics of converting existing single fuel plants to co-fired plants. Because of the small size of many Alaskan communities, the scale of available technologies for co-firing fuels is also of interest. This study assists businesses and communities in decisions on purchasing new facilities or retrofitting existing equipment to co-burn biomass and fossil fuels. Toxic and Hazardous Emissions Associated with Co-firing Mixed Fuels in Direct Combustion Systems Increasing public concern about emissions associated with combustion facilities has had a significant effect on the development of biomass-fueled projects, particularly those using municipal solid waste as a fuel source. Some communities have rejected incineration as a viable solution to solid waste disposal out of concern for air quality and fears of toxic emissions. 11 In Alaska, where waste streams are relatively small, co-firing of mixed fuels has the potential to provide sufficient fuel quantities otherwise not attainable from a single source. Comprehensive information about emissions associated with co-firing of various fuels is limited. As a follow on to the study described previously, this report identifies the toxic and hazardous air pollutants resulting from co-firing, and provides a limited data base on expected emissions of these pollutants from coal, oil, wood, municipal solid waste, and refuse derived fuel. Hazardous pollutants considered in the study include heavy metals and products of incomplete combustion including dioxins and furans. Control techniques including improved combustion efficiency and tail-end emissions control are described. The measurement of toxic and hazardous pollutants, as well as state and federal statutes and regulations dealing with these pollutants, are discussed. Readers are provided with a list of phone numbers for contacting regulatory officials about air pollutants. Wood Chip/Coal Burn at Fort Wainwright The Fort Wainwright project had three objectives: (1) to identify operational considerations associated with burning dissimilar fuels, (2) to determine changes in stack particulate levels caused by the introduction of wood, and (3) to estimate the delivered price per ton of wood chips to Fairbanks power plants. Testing occurred in two phases. The first phase determined the optimum mixture of wood chips to coal based on stoker capability and boiler response. The second phase involved testing stack emissions at optimum and lower chip/coal ratios. About 730 tons of both wet and dry chips were burned in the Fort Wainwright tests. Project results showed that the ratio of wood chips to coal should not exceed 20% by weight, in order for satisfactory steam loads to be maintained on the boiler. Particulate emissions stayed within acceptable limits during the co-firing tests. 12 Estimation of Potential Timber Volume in the Tanana Valley Available for Wood Chip Fuel In 1986, the Alaska Bioenergy Program sponsored a University of Alaska Fairbanks wood residue inventory on private, military and state lands within a sixty mile radius of the city. Like the agricultural lands inventory, the purpose of this project was to identify waste wood available for energy use in commercial facilities. The coal-fired co-generation plant at the U.S. Army base, Fort Wainwright, was the impetus for this resource inventory. the Army's interest in co-firing wood chips with coal raised the question of long-term wood availability for use in commercial energy facilities in the Fairbanks area. Plant Site Power Generation Study for Wrangell Forest Products The purpose of this study was to examine the potential for co-burning Wrangell Forest Product's sawmill waste and the City's municipal solid waste as part of a plant expansion study for the mill in Wrangell. The project contractor, Carroll, Hatch and Associates, presented four cost and project scenarios to support alternatives for expansion of the present wood-fired co-generation system. At the time the study was completed, it was determined to be less expensive for the mill to purchase electricity from Wrangell than to expand existing co-generation facilities. Expansion plans were put on hold. Project results are described in a publication titled Plant Site Power Generation Study for Wrangell Forest Products (1985) by Carroll, Hatch and Associates, August 1985. Marketing Studies Valley Sawmill Wood Residue Marketing Study This study reviewed sawmill production economics and identified urban Southcentral Alaska markets for sawmill waste. The study evaluated the economics of Valley Sawmill's rough cut dimension lumber operation and made recommendations for reducing cutting waste. 13 The study also considered the marketing value of each type of residue produced in a small sawmill operation. Potential markets for each type of residue were identified, along with possible distribution systems. The project report is designed for use by small sawmill operators in Alaska and can be used as a guide for marketing residue. Project results are described in a publication titled Small Sawmill Residue Utilization Demonstration, written by Kerr and Associates, December 1985. Charcoal Plant Prospectus The Alaska Charcoal Production Feasibility Study identified wood resource volumes, charcoal plant equipment costs, siting criteria, and potential domestic and export markets for charcoalized, briquetted wood. Although the contractor determined that the fuel supply was adequate, the economics of locating a plant in Willow (including high equipment and transportation costs) reduced the feasibility of such a project. ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE Alaska is a member of a five-state program called the Pacific Northwest and Alaska Regional Bioenergy Program. The region also includes the states of Washington, Idaho, Oregon and Montana. The Regional Program is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy and administered by Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) in Portland, Oregon. BPA provides funds to participating states and supports activities that promote the use of biomass for energy in the region. The Regional Program began in 1978. A regional task force composed of twelve state and federal agencies assists Bonneville Power Administration in meeting the Program's goals and objectives. Each year the task force identifies research, demonstration and application projects that support Program objectives and recommends projects to Bonneville Power Administration for funding consideration. On the state level, the Alaska Bioenergy Program is administered by the Alaska Energy Authority. The Energy Authority is a public corporation of the State of Alaska. 14 PARTICIPATING ORGANIZATIONS PACIFIC NORTHWEST AND ALASKA REGIONAL BIOENERGY PROGRAM State Departments and Offices Alaska Energy Authority PO Box 190869 Anchorage, AK 99519 Idaho Department of Water Resources Bureau of Energy Statehouse Boise, ID 93720 Oregon Department of Energy 625 Marion St., NE Salem, OR 97310 Oregon Department of Forestry 2600 State St. Salem, OR 97310 Energy Division Montana Department of Natural Resources and Conservation 32 S. Ewing Helena, MT 59602 Washington State Energy Office 400 E. Union Ave. First Floor, ER-11 Olympia, WA 98504 Washington State Department of Natural Resources Olympia, WA 98504 15 Federal Agencies Bonneville Power Administration PO Box 3621 Portland, OR 94208 Bureau of Land Management PO Box 2965 Portland, OR 97208 Environmental Protection Agency Region X 1200 Sixth Ave. Seattle, WA 98101 US Forest Service Region 6 PO Box 3623 Portland, OR 97208 USFS Pacific Northwest Forest Sciences Laboratory PO Box 3890 Portland, OR 97208