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Wood-Peat Municipal Solid Waste Agricultural Byproducts Alaska Bioenergy Program Quarterly Report Jul 1992-Sept 1992
wood - peat municipal solid waste agricultural byproducts Alaska Bioenergy Program Quarterly Report July 1992 - September 1992 Alaska Energy Authority TABLE OF CONTENTS I. TASK FORCE ACTIVITIES... ccccssessseereescnessetesseessscesssensseeseeesseesseaereeseseeasseseeeees 2 ll. INFORMATION AND TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE. .........ccccceeseeceseeeneeeneeeeteetessenseneeneees 2 lll INTERAGENCY AND INDUSTRY CONTACTS & PROJECT DEVELOPMENT............... 3 IV. INDUSTRY ACTIVITIES IN ALASKA. .......cccccscsseeseeseseesesseeesseneeesseseseeeeeeeaseaceesaetecaenenee 9 A. Tongass National Forest... B. State and Private Forest La C. Rural Economic Development APPENDICES Appendix A Quarterly Project Status Reports State of Alaska Bioenergy Technical Assistance Program Small Commercial Wood-Fired Boiler Demonstration Fairbanks Waste-to-Energy Sitka Co-Generation South Tongass Wood-Waste Appendix B Alaska Bioenergy News No. 31 and mailing list Appendix C Project Development Correspondence and Information * Biomass and Rural Economic Development Strategy Recommendations * Letter to Senator Stevens Requesting Program Support * Japan Densified Biomass Fuel Industry, Letters of Inquiry Appendix D Federal FY92 Bioenergy Technical Assistance Grant Application Appendix E Current Industry-Related News Articles TASK FORCE ACTIVITIES The Pacific Northwest and Alaska Regional Biomass Utilization Task Force did not convene this quarter. The Alaska Program did provide periodic project updates and project articles to the Regional Program consultant for reporting to DOE and use in Biologue. We have made preparations to meet with Mike Voorhies, USDOE, Office of Conservation and Renewables, Washington DC., and Bob Wilson, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, in Sitka on October 2. The visit to Alaska is part of a national program evaluation of the Regional Bioenergy Programs. Rick Rogers will meet the Federal representatives in Sitka to discuss program activities in Alaska, and meet with officials from the City- Borough of Sitka, Sheldon Jackson Community College and Alaska Pulp Corporation concerning waste-to-energy projects and opportunities. In July we prepared a letter to Senator Stevens in support of the regional biomass programs. A copy of that letter is attached in appendix C. We completed a questionnaire for a national inventory of renewable electric generation resources being compiled by the U.S. DOE, as requested by Pat Fox. We reviewed and commented on the draft report prepared by Dwight Bushnell of Oregon State University which summarizes the results of the waste fuel characterization and combustion research conducted for the Regional Program. The grant amendment for our grant year July 1, 1992 - June 30, 1993 was approved by Bonneville Power in late June. A copy of the grant agreement is found in appendix D. INFORMATION AND TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE This quarter we distributed over 500 copies of the Bioenergy News to private companies involved in the forest products and solid waste industries; Native corporations; universities; federal, state and local agencies; the Alaska state legislature and media throughout Alaska. A copy of the newsletter and mailing list can be found in appendix B. This issue contained the following: e Asummary of solid waste management efforts and project plans for facility upgrading and installation of a small back-pressure steam turbine at the Sitka Waste-to-Energy facility Page 2 e Asummary of solid waste management planning efforts and evaluation of waste-to-energy options in the Fairbanks North Star Borough e The evaluation of wood-fired heating opportunities for the Alaska Gateway School District in Tok e« Asummary of the recent OMNI report on densified log combustion, f sponsored by the Oregon Department of Energy, U.S.E.P.A. and Bonneville power e Announcement of several conferences including the upcoming wood i combustion conference scheduled for the Boston area in October INTERAGENCY AND INDUSTRY CONTACTS & PROJECT DEVELOPMENT This quarter we continued to work towards implementating Biomass energy development projects in Alaska, with emphasis on two municipal solid waste development projects in Sitka and Fairbanks, a wood waste development project in Southeast Alaska, and an institutional wood heating project at a school in Tok, Alaska. § We continued to work on development of the Sitka steam turbine project, which will provide for co-generation at the existing city owned waste-to- energy facility. A detailed description of the Sitka co-generation project is found in appendix A. This quarter the primary activity related to this project was formalizing the grant agreement with the City-Borough of Sitka. This quarter we approved a grant agreement with the Fairbanks North- Star Borough to implement the waste-to-energy evaluation project. A detailed description of the project is found in appendix A. To promote and develop a wood-fired power plant in Southeast Alaska, we coordinated with the U.S. Forest Service and Senator Stevens' office conceming a possible capital contribution through the U.S. Forest Service budget. We also secured matching funding to proceed with the project feasibility study, using funds from a legislative appropriation to AEA for power project development. A detailed description of this project called the South Tongass Wood-waste project, is found in appendix A. The scope of this project has been modified to include an evaluation of a broader array of project sites, including Thome Bay, Ketchikan, Metlakatla and Craig-Klawock. Previously the project was to explore the Thorne Bay option only. Page 3 We prepared draft funding proposal documents for the Alaska Gateway School District for submittal to the Alaska Science and Technology Foundation and the Alaska Division of Business Development. The school district is seeking capital funds to develop a wood-fired boiler at the school. We also continued to provide technical assistance to a local mill owner in Tok concerning the processing and handling of mill residues for use as a boiler fuel. This quarter we had preliminary discussions on energy options with Ron Hanson, a consulting engineer representing Channel Landfill in Juneau. Channel Landfill is the owner and operator of a private solid waste incineration and landfill operation in Juneau. They currently operate two 35 ton per day (TPD) Consumat,, modular solid waste incinerators. They are planning for an additional 50 TPD unit. Currently none of these units employ energy recovery. Channel is seeking assistance in developing markets for steam and/or power that could make the installation of heat recovery boilers possible. We expect more detailed information from Channel in the future. We have discussed potential wood waste and solid waste power development projects in Alaska with several independent project developers from the lower 48 including Wheelebrator, Biomass One, Power Engineers, and North American Resource Recovery, Inc. We discussed marketing surplus hog fuel from Alaska with NRG Energy, an operator of several wood waste fired plants in California. Several Alaska mills are experiencing residue disposal difficulties. We provided information on municipal waste combustion and energy recovery in Alaska to the publishers of Solid Waste and Power Magazine. The magazine publishes an annual directory of solid waste-to-energy facilities. We assisted Bureau of Indian Affairs staff in Phoenix, Arizona, in evaluating the potential for a co-generation system for the White Mountain Apache sawmill, and referred them to appropriate contacts in the Western Region. We provided Lignetics, an Idaho based wood pellet manufacturer, with information on the potential for developing a wood pellet industry in Alaska. We also received feedback on our Japan wood pellet marketing inquiry from Mr. Takeji Shibata, President of the Japan Society of Wood- based Molded Fuels Manufacturers. A copy of our initial inquiry concerning pellet markets in Japan and Mr. Shibata's response are Page 4 attached in appendix C. Mr. Shibata does not expect a significant demand for wood pellets in Japan unless oil prices rise or standard of living in Japan increases significantly. Since 1981, demand for wood fuels has decreased about 10% annually. Certainly not good news for entrepreneurs seeking new overseas markets for densified wood fuels or appliances. This quarter we worked with two consultants to the Kenai Peninsula Borough, who are working to develop a timber marketing and salvage plan for distressed timber on the Kenai Peninsula. A spruce bark beetle epidemic has resulted in significant mortality there. In-woods slash can exacerbate the spread of the beetle, and there may be opportunities for using logging and processing residues from salvage operations for energy. Alaska Bioenergy Program List of Contacts OATE CONTACT DESCRIPTION June June 24 Gene Miller, USFS, Juneau South Tongass Wood Waste June 25 Bob Valdeghta, Seward Energy recovery from wood waste at Seward sawmill June 25 Lee Spratt, Alaska Wood-fired boiler monitoring data Correctional Industries, Sutton June 26 Bob Malisch, Alaska Gateway New estimates on oil consumption for new School District, Tok Tok school duly July 6 Gene Wheeler, State and South Tongass Wood Waste Private Forestry, Anchorage July 6 Lutsi Raad, Dept. of Civil Waste stream characterization, request for Engineering, University of MSW assessment Fairbanks July 7 John Dean, Anchorage Same as above Page 5 July 7 July 9 July 10 July 10 July 10 July 15 July 15 July 15 July 15 July 15 July 15 July 15 July 20 July 21 July 21 Phil Rupple, North American Resource Recovery, Inc., New Jersey Lynn Marino, DEC, Village Safe Water program, Anchorage John Kumin, Kumin and Associates, Architects, Anchorage Mike Jens, Management Analysis Co., Anchorage Jack Humphries, Augusta, ME Dwayne Gibson, Senator Stevens’ Office, Washington, D.C. John Bruns, Metlakatla Indian Timber Enterprises, Metiakatla Mike Jens. Management Analysis Co., Anchorage Bill Pollack, Division of Business Development, Anchorage Chad Converse, US Forest Service, State and private Forestry, Anchorage Mike Jens. Management Analysis Co., Anchorage Chad Converse, US Forest Service, State and private Forestry, Anchorage Mike Jens. Management Analysis Co., Anchorage Jim Howard, USFS PNW Lab, Portland Larry Farrel, Keith Walking Floors, Portland ? Status of Fairbanks WTE evaluation and names of contacts with North Star Borough Information on small scale MSW combustion for rural Alaska Tok school wood heat Tok school wood heat Gasifiers close coupled with internal combustion engines for power generation South Tongass Wood Waste Status of new sawmill and wood waste disposal options Tok school wood heat Department of Commerce matching grant program for economic development for funding Tok school wood-fired boiler Project information for Senator Stevens’ office, South Tongass Wood Waste Tok school wood heat Project information for Senator Stevens’ office, South Tongass Wood Waste Tok school wood heat South Tongass Wood Waste Information on markets for walking floors in Alaska Page 6 July 22 July 22 July 23 July 29 July 29 July 34 July 31 August 4 August 12 August 14 August 17 August 18 August 18 August 26 August 27 Steve Hagen, Ketchikan Pulp Co., Ketchikan Tom Stevenson, Ketchikan Public Utilities Chad Converse, US Forest Service, State and private Forestry, Anchorage Mike Jens. Management Analysis Co., Anchorage Alex Kochkin, Consultant to Kenai peninsula Borough Chris Maisch, Forestry Director, Tanana Chiefs Conference, Fairbanks Frank Seymour, DCED, Juneau Bruce Spensor, New Hampshire Kirk Kroll, Power Engineers, Boise Paul Mcintosh, Deputy Supervisor, USFS, Ketchikan Joyce 7, WSEO, Olympia Shawn Grouse, Fairbanks North Star Borough Paul Macintosh, Deputy Supervisor, USFS, Ketchikan and Gene Wheeler, State and Private Forestry, Anchorage Paul Mcintosh, Deputy Supervisor, USFS, Ketchikan Paul Mcintosh, Deputy Supervisor, USFS, Ketchikan South Tongass Wood Waste South Tongass Wood Waste Project information for Senator Stevens’ office, South Tongass Wood Waste Tok school wood heat Wood waste for energy on Kenai Peninsula Louisiana Pacific OSB plant proposal for Fairbanks, railroad negotiations for freight rates on logs and chips from the interior Louisiana Pacific OSB plant proposal Information on fuel drying for a 15 mW plant in New Hampshire. Referred to John Rude at Radar and Steve Hagen at Ketchikan Pulp Interested in South Tongass project as independent power producer. New subsidiary, CSD, includes several of design staff from EP! South Tongass Wood Waste Recycling initiatives in Alaska Fairbanks waste to energy study South Tongass Wood Waste South Tongass Wood Waste South Tongass Wood Waste Page 7 September September 2 September 2 September 3 September 8 September 8 September 8 September 8 September 8 September 10 September 11 September 11 September 11 September 11 September 11 September 14 September 14 September 15 Dick Smith, City-Borough of Sitka Laura Noggle, Solid Waste and Power Magazine, Kansas City, MO Bob Cross, Regional Sales Manager, Wheelebrator Ken Frazie, Boise Kirk Kroll, Power Engineers Unlimited Mike Currin, Klukwan Forest Products, Ketchikan John Bruns, Metlakatla Indian Timber Enterprises, Metlakatla Roger Kolb, International Power Systems, Anchorage NRG Energy, CA Chris Maisch, Forestry Director, Tanana Chiefs, Fairbanks Larry Schmit, BIA, Phoenix Roger Kolb, International Power Systems, Anchorage Gerald Fleischman, Idaho OWR, Boise Dave Swanson, Westem Area Power Administration, Boulder Elaine Hantz, Anchorage Alex Sifford, Oregon Department of Energy, Salem Charlie Nash, LaGrande, OR Project status, Sitka W-T-E, steam turbine- generator Update on Alaska W-T-E projects for annual data base summary Project potential for W-T-E in Fairbanks Gasifier for South Tongass wood waste IPP interested in Alaska projects Timber development, infrastructure and power systems in Soviet Far East Status of new tribal sawmill and residue production Incinerator design and fabrication for North Slope Native Association Prospects for bz. -1g surplus Alaska wood waste to central Califomia markets (Stockton Port) Upper Tanana timber harvest activity Potential for co-generation at White mountain Apache Sawmill Possible assistance to White mountain Apache sawmill on their Idaho facility tour Possible assistance to White mountain Apache sawmill on their Idaho facility tour Possible assistance to White mountain Apache sawmill Residential wood combustion Emission data for residential wood stoves and product information Status of Kenai Peninsula timber harvest Page 8 September 21 September 22 September 22 September 24 September 28 Septemner 28 Ron Hanson, Juneau Channel landfill's incinerators and opportunities for energy recovery Mike Vorhees, DOE, DOE program review and Sitka visit Washington, D.C. Margaret Drum, Alaska "Tralchemy” small scale waste-to-energy unit Health Project, Anchorage for rural Alaska application Dan Golden, Deputy Director, Opportunities for rural economic DNR, Forestry development by using wood for energy and development of a forest management pian to attract industry to South-central and Interior Alaska Norlyn Van Beek Problems with salt in wood feedstocks and Souix Center, lowa opportunities for densified wood fuels in Ketchikan Keith Cluckey Densification of urban waste and project Couer d' Alene Fiber Fuels, opportunities in Alaska. Couer d' Alene, Idaho IV. INDUSTRY ACTIVITIES IN ALASKA A. Tongass National Forest Timber supply issues continue to cause uncertainty over the future harvest level of the Tongass National Forest. The Tongass Land Management Plan (TLUMP) is currently under revision. The plan establishes land use designations on the forest including the level of land dedicated to long term forest management. The document is expected to be completed by late fall. A report by The Irland Group entitled "Timber Demand Scenarios for the Tongass National Forest, 1991-2010", provides additional focus on timber supply and market issues related to the TLUMP revision. The document states that the markets for Alaska’s forest products are so large that the industry will not be constrained by market size or long-term growth trends. The report supports the State's position that the marketing concepts in the draft TLUMP, addressing the congressional requirement to seek market demand, were off target. Page 9 State and Private Forest Lands The Kenai Peninsula Borough in continuing with accelerated efforts to promote the sale and salvage of beetle infested spruce on the Kenai Peninsula. The state administration has made support of these efforts a top priority. Rural Economic Development The Alaska and Federal governments have entered into a cooperative venture to form the Alaska Rural Development Council. This is in response to an initiative by the Bush administration to promote collaborative intergovernmental partnerships to promote rural economic development with existing resources. AEA Executive Director, Ron Garzini and Alaska Bioenergy Program manager Rick Rogers will attend the kick off meeting of this group in early October. AEA hopes to promote the concept of fuel "import substitution" as a rural economic development strategy, using both indigenous wood and coal resources. Page 10 APPENDIX A Quarterly Project Summary Reports State of Alaska Bioenergy Technical Assistance Program Small Commercial Wood-Fired Boiler Demonstration Fairbanks Waste-to-Energy Sitka Co-Generation South Tongass Wood-Waste Page 11 Project Summary Report Title: State of Alaska Bioenergy Technical Assistance Program rief ripti These are the "core" activities of the Alaska Bioenergy Program, which promote the development of biomass resources for energy production through information transfer and technical assistance, facilitate project development and comment on state policies related to the use of biomass for energy.. Identification Number DE-FG79-84-BP 14984, A014 rante Alaska Energy Authority, P.O. Box 190869, Anchorage, AK 99519-0869 Project Manager Rick Rogers, 907/561-7877 Department of Commerce and Economic Development, Alaska Energy Authority, Anchorage, AK 99519-0869 Regional Bioenergy Program Funds Current year: $75,000 plus $90,000 for special projects described separately Cumulative through FY 92 : $811,297 Cost Sharing Alaska Energy Authority: Cumulative through Federal FY 92, $196,458 Expanded Description See project objectives and approach for expanded project description. Need Addressed One of Alaska's largest energy challenges is the high cost of fuel oil, particularly in rural areas. Biomass has the potential to provide altematives to this conventional fuel. Alaska's location often makes it difficult to receive information on product development, new trends in industry and items that are pertinent to its economy and infrastructure. The Bioenergy Technical Assistance Program provides an in-state biomass center for receiving and distributing this information. Awareness of biomass opportunities improves the economics of use in related industries. This program supports State policies which influence the use of biomass as an energy resource. Page 12 Project Objectives The Alaska State Program objectives include the following: 1) to promote the efficient and environmentally sound use of biomass for energy and other applications in Alaska; 2) to assist in resolving institutional barriers to biomass production and use. This includes education and information to policy makers who can influence resolutions to institutional problems; 3) to direct program activities and information towards self-sustaining biomass production and consumption activities. This includes an emphasis on economics, environmental and technical feasibility for industry and municipal projects; 4) to clarify major, environmental resource recovery and use issues and to seek solutions to environmental problems; 5) to continue technology transfer to target users. Economic, environmental and technical feasibility for industry and municipal projects are emphasized in these objectives, and 6) to continue development and operation of a state-wide institutional framework to promote biomass development issues. Approach Activities under the State Technical Assistance Program are divided into the following work areas: 7 Task Force and Policy Group Participation - Attend regional meetings, participate in regional planning activities, and support the regional program through effective communication of in-state bioenergy activities, goals and policies. Development and evaluation activities for the regional program are also included in this section. : Information and Technology Transfer - Emphasis is to increase public awareness of opportunities to use biomass as an energy resource. The goal here is to maintain an effective network of information on technologies, resource management techniques and other topics applicable to the private and public sectors. * Technical Assistance - Identification of biomass use barriers and assistance to industry and public agencies in developing biomass use opportunities are the major goals in this area. 7 Interagency Coordination - Determining common interests in the development of biomass use opportunities is emphasized. Coordination also helps define common problems among agencies in project implementation. Successful interagency planning improves likelihood of project success. 5 Institutional Barriers - This area focuses on identifying state regulatory requirements and procedures that affect the development and use of forest and mill residues, non-commercial stands of timber, and municipal solid waste as energy options. This area also includes identification of environmental impacts and tradeoffs associated with using biomass energy fuels, and recommending solutions consistent with state environmental policies and laws. 7 Field Projects - As part of this year's project activities, the Alaska program will complete the installation of a wood waste fired boiler at the Page 13 Maior Milestones Alaska Correctional Industries greenhouse complex in Sutton. Performance will be monitored and project results will be published in a final report after a mutually agreed-upon performance period. Status: See project report. The Alaska program will prepare an analysis on wood heating options for facilities in the Alaska Gateway School District in the Eastem Interior of Alaska. Status: Report completed, AEA assisting school district in evaluating financing options. The program will evaluate export opportunities for densified wood fuels produced from wood residues in Alaska. Status: Ongoing. An update of the programs permit guidebook will be prepared to assist project developers with regulatory issues. Status: Deferred based on recommendation of program management consultant. All work is on-going with accomplishments reported in quarterly reports. Results A full reporting of the status and results of this program are detailed in the text of the quarterly report. Prepared: Rick Rogers, Development Specialist Amended: September 24, 1992 Page 14 Project Summary Report Title Small Commercial Wood-Fired Boiler Demonstration rief cription This is a demonstration of a wood-fired boiler system for institutional heating. The project includes the design, installation, performance monitoring and reporting for a small commercial wood-fired boiler project. The project is located at the Alaska Correctional Industry's agricultural complex, within the Alaska Department of Correction's minimum security facility, Palmer Correctional Facility, Sutton, Alaska. Identification Numt DE-FG79-84-BP14984, A011 Grantee Alaska Energy Authority PO Box 190869 Anchorage, AK 99519-0869 Project Manager Rick Rogers, 907/561-7877 Department of Commerce and Economic Development, Alaska Energy Authority, Anchorage, AK 99519-0869 Regional Bioenergy Program Funds $25,000 Cost Sharing Match AEA cash (boilers and equipment) $20,000.00 Alaska Correctional Industries cash (parts and $17,339.89 materials) Alaska Correctional Industries (inmate labor) $4,457.84 Alaska Correctional Industries (in kind, staff labor) $44,543.54 Total Match $86,341.27 Expanded Description The project was established to demonstrate the effective use of wood as an institutional heating fuel. In summer and fall of 1990, AEA contacted numerous local governments, school districts and public facilities managers to locate a site for the project. Based on the availability of wood Page 15 fuels, willingness to participate and provide matching support and overall project economics, the Alaska Correctional Industries agricultural complex in Sutton, Alaska, was chosen for the project. AEA and Alaska Correctional Industries have jointly managed this project, using contractual expertise for boiler sizing and mechanical room layout. Two 350 MBh cordwood fired boilers and a 3,000 gallon accumulator tank were installed in a newly constructed boiler house in spring and summer of 1991. Annual fuel oil offsets from 8,000 to 10,000 gallons per year are anticipated. The project will include monitoring of fuel consumption and boiler performance over a twelve month period and reporting on findings. The project will also include a pro-active effort to publicize the project in the media and provide tours of the facility to parties interested in establishing similar systems in other facilities. Need Addressed In many areas of Alaska, markets for lower quality timber are nonexistent. Timber harvesting and land clearing residues have become an environmental liability, contributing to burgeoning landfills or air quality problems through open burning. Fuel oil is shipped to rural Alaska at great expense, exporting cash that might otherwise stay in the local economy. The use of locally based woody fuels for energy projects can contribute to the environmental and economic well being of rural Alaska. The wood-boiler demonstration is intended to promote the use of locally harvested wood fuels as a replacement for fossil fuels from outside the local economy. Project Obiecti Specific objectives are as follows: 1) to reduce the volume of wood harvesting residue left on federal/state lands 2) to identify institutional or commercial users interested in altematives to using fuel oil for space heating 3) to develop a transportation plan for moving fuel wood to end-user markets 4) to purchase and install wood boilers at one or more project sites Approach This project will begin with an investigation of wood residue availability, characterization of fuel quality, and an examination of transportation, environmental and economic issues that would affect the outcome of the project. This part of the project will include contacts with regulatory agencies to get input on permit requirements, performance criteria of wood-fired boilers and other information that would influence equipment selection decisions. The next phase of the project will be identification of specific sites for small-commercial wood- fired boiler applications. This will be followed by a survey of potential sites, presentation of project plans to potential users; gathering cost, weather and heat load data, evaluating equipment, and doing project cost estimates. Data will be submitted to the Regional Task Force for approval and recommendation. Page 16 Upon approval, actual design work and equipment selection will be initiated and bids for materials and installation will be solicited. While ordering and design are underway, program staff will decide on monitoring and performance evaluation criteria for the systems. Installation will be followed by assistance with start up, assistance in developing an operation and maintenance plan, and a 12 month performance monitoring period. Results Project construction is complete and the wood-fired boilers are operating as the primary heat source for the facility. Facility management and operating personnel are extremely satisfied with the system. A monitoring system has been developed and AEA purchased a surplus 2,000 pound floor scale, a moisture meter and 3 hour-meters. With these tools, operation and fuel consumption will be recorded to obtain information useful for other potential project developers. The monitoring period will extend for one (1) year into November of 1992. In January AEA prepared media materials to publicize the project. A press release was sent to Alaska news outlets, and the Govermor's media office used a state satellite system and a recording phone line to transmit video pictures and audio interviews provided by the Energy Authority to interested broadcast stations. The Associated Press sent out a short story on its wire. Stories were run in at least the two major Anchorage newspapers, and video aired on the Rural Alaska Television Network reaching viewers in approximately 200 small communities. Staff also heard reports that stories had aired on some radio stations. The project was also highlighted in the Energy Authority's Annual Report. The project has generated increased interest in institutional wood heating throughout the state. It is displacing over 8,000 gallons of fuel oil annually at the correctional facility. Maior Milestones Milestone Status Investigation of resource availability and delivery infrastructure Complete Site identification Complete Heat load analysis and system design Complete Materials list, bids and orders Complete Shipment Complete Boiler house plan preparation and submittal to fire Marshall Complete Earthwork and foundation Complete Boiler house construction Complete Plumbing, heat distribution and electrical Complete Boiler installation Complete Monitoring Ongoing Final report June 1993 Prepared: Rick Rogers, Development Specialist Amended: September 25, 1992 Page 17 Project Summary Report Title Fairbanks Waste-to-Energy Brief description This project is to prepare a comprehensive solid waste management plan for the Fairbanks North Star Borough, including a thorough evaluation of waste-to-energy as a Solid waste disposal option. Identi ion c AEA contract 2800559 Grantee Alaska Energy Authority Funds passed through to: = Fairbanks North-Star Borough PO Box 190869 410 Cushman Street Anchorage, AK 99519-0869 Fairbanks, AK 99701 Project Manager Rick Rogers, 907/561-7877 Department of Commerce and Economic Development, Alaska Energy Authority, Anchorage, AK 99519-0869 Regional Bioenergy Program Funds $25,000 Cost Sharing Match Fairbanks North-Star Borough, Minimum per AEA contract $150,000 Total Match $150,000 Note: Total match likely to be higher. This is the minimum required in agreement between AEA and FNSB. Expanded Description The Fairbanks North Star Borough (FNSB), with solid waste management responsibilities for Fairbanks and outlying areas, has been struggling to find a solution to a very difficult solid waste management problem. The Borough currently operates a bale and landfill facility that will be completely full in four to five years. While efforts have been made to select a site for a new landfill, wetlands regulations, shallow water tables, discontinuous permafrost and other siting difficulties have delayed any final determination of a suitable site. Page 18 The Borough assembly has been approached by several experienced, private firms interested in developing a waste-to-energy facility in Fairbanks. Proposals have varied from modular mass bum units, to retrofits of coal spreader stokers for dedicated dRDF combustion and fluidized bed combustion with a front end material recycling facility. Power production estimates for the waste-buming facilities have ranged as high as 7.5 mW. Conceptual siting indicates a location adjacent to the city's wastewater treatment plant may be logical, as sludge solids could be processed and this facility's 1 mW load could be directly served. Ballpark figures for tipping fees of around $70/ton have been aired by potential developers. Landfilling in compliance with new federal regulations is likely to be costly, and a WTE facility may have favorable economics. Fairbanks is certainly the most promising prospect for the development of a sizable WTE facility in Alaska. The Alaska bioenergy program's support of the Borough's efforts to evaluate WTE on equal footing with landfilling is in keeping with current DOE emphasis on development and commercialization of biomass energy facilities. While it is uncertain whether WTE will be the preferred alternative, support for the study will ensure this option is given a fair consideration and could lead to the development of a multi-million dollar WTE facility with up to 7.5 mW of capacity. Need Addressed Where appropriate from an economic and environmental perspective, waste-to-energy is an attractive solid waste disposal altemative which recovers useful energy from an otherwise wasted resource. Because landfilling has been the solid waste disposal alternative of choice in Alaska, WTE often is overlooked as a serious altemative. For example, the FNSB has initiated landfill siting without concluding that landfilling is the most cost effective altemative. Providing support to evaluate WTE along with other solid waste disposal options, promotes the development of this resource where appropriate. Project Objectives Specific objectives are as follows: 1) to ensure WTE is evaluated as a solid waste disposal option for the FNSB 2) to promote the recovery of energy from MSW in those instances where it is environmentally and economically beneficial to do so 3) to promote least cost planning of solid waste disposal altematives that considers the environmental and economic benefits of recovering energy from waste 4) to encourage other communities in the Pacific Northwest and Alaska to evaluate WTE as a solid waste disposal altemative Approach AEA will grant funds to FNSB in support of the comprehensive solid waste plan. FNSB will be required to include an in depth evaluation of WTE as a solid waste disposal altemative. The analysis will include : e An evaluation of the Borough's current and projected waste stream quantities and heat content Page 19 A thorough evaluation of mass burn, RDF with dedicated combustor and RDF for co-firing in existing power boilers as solid waste to energy alternatives A description of the public involvement in the planning and evaluation process from early stages on An evaluation of the markets for power and steam sales (and fuel sales in the case of RDF production for use at existing facilities), and an estimation of sales and revenue streams from these sources Recommended environmental mitigation strategies including front end material separation and processing, hazardous and problem waste removal, combustion optimization, flue gas control technologies and ash disposal A discussion of environmental constraints, permitting requirements and public acceptance issues A description of how Borough recycling programs would affect waste-to-energy economics and availability of fuel supply An economic analysis of waste-to-energy options including tipping fees required and anticipated power and/or steam sales A cost and benefit comparison with other solid waste disposal alternatives such as landfilling Results Rick Rogers met with the FNSB RFP evaluation team in Fairbanks, May 21, 1992, to educate team members of waste-to-energy technologies and issues, and to outline what AEA expected as a condition of awarding a grant to assist with the solid waste plan. AEA entered into a grant agreement with the FNSB on August 10, 1992. FNSB has selected a consulting contractor in response to an RFP issues early summer. Dames and Moore was initially selected to complete the study. A procurement appeal has resulted in cancellation of the Dames and Moore award and the award of the project to CH2M. The contract has not been finalized. Maior Milestones Milestone Status AEA and FNSB enter into grant agreement Completed 8/10/92 Professional Services Contract signed Delayed Solid waste plan under preparation Delayed Initial formal consultant review Dates pending FNSB-CH2M contract Mid project formal consultant review Dates pending FNSB-CH2M contract Draft report submitted Dates pending FNSB-CH2M contract AEA and peer review of draft Dates pending FNSB-CH2M contract Final report submitted Dates pending FNSB-CH2M contract Final report June 1993 Prepared: Rick Rogers, Development Specialist Amended: September 25, 1992 Page 20 Project Summary Report Title Sitka Co-Generation Brief description This is a demonstration of a small back-pressure steam-turbine installation at the waste-to- energy facility in Sitka, Alaska. Identification Number AEA contract 2800559 Grantee Alaska Energy Authority Funds passed through to: — City-Borough of Sitka PO Box 190869 304 Lake Street Anchorage, AK 99519-0869 Sitka, AK 99835 Project Managers Rick Rogers, 907/561-7877 Dick Smith, 907/747-3294 Department of Commerce and Economic City-Borough of Sitka Development, Alaska Energy Authority, Anchorage, AK 99519-0869 $25,000 Cost Sharing Match City-Borough of Sitka $580,000 Total Match $580,000 Note: Total match includes improvements to the facility in addition to the steam turbine- generator including emissions controls and design improvements. Expanded Description This project is aimed at promoting the environmentally sound and efficient use of MSW for energy through increased energy recovery efficiency and cost effective operation of an existing waste-to-energy facility. The project will also serve to demonstrate the use of a small-scale back pressure turbine, that has direct application at facilities generating steam from other biomass fuels such as wood waste and hospital waste. Page 21 The City-Borough of Sitka owns a mass burn municipal solid waste incinerator which disposes of 25 tons of MSW and sewage sludge per day. The facility is operated by Sheldon Jackson Community College and recovers steam for heating campus facilities via a district heating system. Boilers are currently rated to 150 psig and are operating at 30 psig, producing an average of 4,000 pounds of saturated steam per hour. The incinerator produces steam for 166 hours per week. Preliminary estimates indicate a 100 kW in-house demand for power. Increasing steam pressures to 150 psig and installing a back pressure turbine would result in power savings of about $23,160 annually, reducing power purchases and demand charges for 289,500 kWh annually. 30 psig exhaust steam would be available to meet the existing campus heating requirements. The City-Borough has identified several other capital improvements for the facility, including adding a larger capacity electrostatic precipitator to provide redundancy in the flue gas handling system, and other state-of-the-art pollution control systems. In addition to the energy production benefits, the turbine-generator project will reduce the costs of operating the facility, improving the ability of the City-Borough to finance the implementation of these other air quality related improvements. Specific recommendations for facility improvements are contained in the attached draft report entitled Incinerator Operating Measures Study, prepared for the City-Borough by RW Beck and Associates. Page 18 of the draft summarizes cost payback estimates for the turbine-generator portion of the project proposed for regional funding. Needs Addressed Where appropriate from an economic and environmental perspective, waste-to-energy is an attractive solid waste disposal altemative which recovers useful energy from an otherwise wasted resource. To remain competitive with other solid waste disposal altematives, and to provide the level of environmental controls demanded by regulatory agencies and the public, waste-to-energy facilities must operate efficiently and use state-of-the-art emissions control technologies. Older plants require capital upgrades to remain competitive. This project adresses both the need for upgraded environmental controls and improved operating efficiency through better energy recovery. Recovery of electrical energy from low pressure steam using a back pressure turbine-generator is an energy production strategy with potential applications throughout the Pacific Northwest and Alaska. Small sawmills, waste-to-energy facilities, hospitals and industrial facilities that require low pressure steam, are all potential sites for this energy recovery technology. This project meets the need of demonstrating this small scale technology in a region of the country in which steam turbines have typically been on a much larger scale. As power rates in the Pacific Northwest and Alaska escalate, the number of cost effective applications for these small scale systems is likely to increase. Project Obiectives Specific objectives are as follows: 1) to promote the upgrade of existing waste-to-energy facilities to improve energy efficiency and reduce environmental impacts 2) to promote the recovery of energy from MSW in those instances where it is environmentally and economically beneficial to do so Page 22 3) to promote the recovery of electrical energy from low pressure steam by using small scale back-pressure steam turbines at other facilities throughout the Pacific Northwest and Alaska Approach AEA will grant funds to the City-Borough of Sitka in support of capital improvements to the community's existing waste-to-energy facility. These capital improvements will include the installation of a back pressure turbine to recover electrical energy from steam currently produced for district heating. The City-Borough will also allow access to parties interested in touring the facility, and facilitate technology transfer by documenting the selection, installation, start-up and performance of the steam turbine-generator system. Results AEA entered into a grant agreement with the City-Borough of Sitka on August 10, 1992. The Clty-Borough is in the planning phase of the project. Maior Mil Milestone Status AEA and City-Borough of Sitka enter into Completed 8/10/92 grant agreement Project Plan Developed by Sitka October 1 - 31 Procurement and tum key contract to be determined in project plan Equipment procurement and shipping to be determined in project plan Installation to be determined in project plan Startup and shakedown to be determined in project pian Final inspection by AEA to be determined in project pian Begin performance monitoring to be determined in project pian End performance monitoring 12 months from date of monitoring start Final report June 30, 1994 Prepared: Rick Rogers, Development Specialist Amended: September 25, 1992 Page 23 Project Summary Report Title South Tongass Wood-Waste This is a feasibility study to evaluate the potential for developing a power plant fired with surplus wood residues from several industrial sources in Southeast Alaska. Identification Numt DE-FG79-84-BP 14984, A014 Grantee Alaska Energy Authority PO Box 190869 Anchorage, AK 99519-0869 Project Manager Rick Rogers, 907/561-7877 Department of Commerce and Economic Development, Alaska Energy Authority, Anchorage, AK 99519-0869 Regional Bioenergy Program Funds $40,000 Cost Sharing Match AEA cash, contractual services $33,839 AEA personal services, electrical and mechanical engineers $2,370 AEA overhead 7 $3,791 Total Match ~ $40,000 Expanded Description Several sawmills and log sorting facilities in Southem Southeast Alaska are producing wood residues in excess of their ability to properly dispose of this material. The practices of open buming, landfilling and the use of silo bumers without adequate emissions control devices are all being discouraged by regulatory agencies. Preliminary estimates indicate that mills in Ketchikan, Metlakatia, Annette, and Kaasan are collectively producing sufficient residue to provide fuel for 3 mW of baseload power. Page 24 Electrical power for the communities of Thome Bay, Craig and Klawock is produced by diesel fired generators. The community of Ketchikan uses primarily hydroelectric power, although load projections indicate that additional diesel-fueled capacity will be needed to meet demand within the next few years. Metlakatla uses a mix of hydroelectric and diesel power. This project will evaluate the prospects for developing a power plant that uses these surplus wood residues to produce power for local utility use. A detailed description of the evaluation is described under the heading of approach below. Need Addressed The project addresses the need for power production altematives to costly diesel fuel in Southeast Alaska communities, the need for improved wood waste disposal practices, and the need to use local fuel resources for local needs as an economic development strategy. Project Obiecti Specific objectives are as follows: 1) to encourage the development of a facility to fully utilize wood waste being produced by wood processors in Southem Southeast Alaska at a regional generation facility. 2) to provide adequate information conceming project development to encourage independent power producers, local electric utilities, wood processors and public agencies to participate in developing a wood-waste fired generation facility. 3) to reduce dependency on non-renewable fuel resources imported into the Southem Southeast Region of Alaska. 4) to determine the long term wood residue supply anticipated for the Southem Southeast Alaska Region that could be available for energy production. 5) To encourage local economic development through the use of “import substitution" of fuels for power production. Approach The scope of work proposed for this project is to complete a feasibility study for a wood-waste- fired electrical generation facility located in a South Tongass community. The study will be tailored to seek altemate energy markets for the wood-waste on a regional basis, providing a regional wood-waste disposal facility and utility power in the location offering the highest feasibility and public benefit. 1. Analysis of Fuel Supply The fuel supply analysis will investigate both short and long term (20 year) wood fuel availability to the project from a multitude of sources including sort yard waste, landing slash, and off-island residue deliverable by barge. Estimates of the quantity, characteristics, and cost of prepared fuels from all sources will be included. The long term fuel supply analysis will include factors such as the level of harvest activity on the Tongass National Forest, potential for future competitive markets for wood waste and possible changes in the flow and production of logs and wood waste over the next 20 years. Page 25 2. Siting The study will recommend a proposed site for the facility with considerations for: fuel delivery cost and storage; site development costs; make up water; cost to access power grid; power sales and proximity to market for steam and transmission line; environmental impacts including air quality, water quality and noise; proximity to fuel supply from uplands and tidewater; land ownership and land use designations; utility participation and cooperation; and public acceptance. 3. Concept Design Electrical A concept design that maximizes power sales from the facility, while recognizing the superiority of diesel generators in load following will be prepared. Remote diesels with automated dispatch may be necessary to serve peak loads. Plant design, cost estimates and performance criteria, suitable for use in preparing of an RFP for independent power producers will be prepared. Mechanical A mechanical concept design including fuel handling, preparation and storage, boiler feed water system, boiler design, flue gas control and ash handling will be prepared. The concept design will also consider the viability of co-firing portions of the municipal waste stream. The concept design will include cost estimates and performance criteria suitable for use in preparing an RFP for independent power producers. 4. Environmental Analysis This portion of the project will address environmental issues including: stack emissions and Clean Air Act compliance; ash-fill siting and design criteria (or alternative means of ash disposal); air emissions from fuel dryer, if applicable; and water quality impacts. The study will also discuss the avoided impacts of reduced landfilling, open buming, fuel oil transport and storage, and generation of power via diesel intemal combustion units. If determined to be necessary for permitting and if adequate funds are available, the study will include the collection of baseline air quality data. 5. Economic and Financial Analysis The study will include an economic and financial analysis of the project which includes estimates of capital cost, operations and maintenance costs, and fuel costs for the life of the project. This analysis will address the level of State and Federal funding needed to arrive at a target kWh power rate. The target power rate will be a rate determined to be competitive with alternative costs of wholesale power. The economic analysis can be used for comparative studies with hydro and diesel power generation, as well as serve as a decision document for obtaining public and private project financing. Results AEA has recently secured matching funds for this project and is in the process of developing an RFP for professional services to implement the study. Page 26 Major Milestones Milestone Secure matching funding Draft RFP and review Advertise for Professional Services Proposal deadline Select Consultant, Finalize Agreement Consultant Submits Work Plan Feasibility Study underway Consultant progress report #1 Consultant progress report #2 Draft Report Submittal and Peer Review Final report Prepared: Rick Rogers, Development Specialist Amended: September 30, 1992 Page 27 Status Completed October 30, 1992 November 15, 1992 December 15, 1992 January 1, 1993 January 21, 1993 February 1, 1993 March 15, 1993 May 1, 1993 June 15, 1993 July 15, 1993 APPENDIX B ¢ Alaska Bioenergy News No. 31 and mailing list Page 28 Alaska Energy Authority Bioenergy News No. 31 August 1992 Alaska Energy Authority PO Box 190869 Anchorage, AK. 99516 (907) 561-7877 (office) (907) 561-8584 (fax) As a participant in the Pacific Northwest and Alaska Regional Bioenergy Program, The Alaska Energy Authority promotes the use of biomass resources for energy thru technical assistance and information transfer. Biomass resources include wood, peat, Sitka to Upgrade Waste-to-Energy Facility, Add Power Generation In 1985, the City-Borough of Sitka, Alaska, began operating the state's first community based waste-to-energy facility. One of the smallest of its kind in the nation, the Sitka facility incinerates 25 tons of municipal solid waste (MSW) and sewage sludge per day, 5 days per week. Due to a growing waste stream and a need to control operating costs, the facility will undergo improvements this summer to increase plant capacity, improve redundancy, eliminate the summer backlog of refuse on the tipping floor and produce electrical power for in-house use. The current system has two modular incinerators and heat recovery boilers, each capable of processing 25 tons per day of refuse and producing 4,000 pounds of 150 psig steam per hour. The facility supplies the nearby Sheldon Jackson Community College with steam for district heating. In spite of the fact that there are two boilers, only one boiler can be operated at a time because there is only one electrostatic precipitator (ESP), an electronic devise than controls emissions of particulate matter. In the summer months, waste backs up on the tipping floor because of the ESP's limitation. Upgrades to the facility will improve its operations by installing a second ESP, essentially doubling the effective plant capacity. In addition, with financial and technical assistance from the Pacific Northwest and Alaska Regional Bioenergy Program and the Alaska Energy Authority, a back-pressure steam turbine-generator will be installed to produce up to 90 KW of electrical power for in-house consumption. With the plant now paying just under $0.08/KWH for power and with a 100 KW demand, the back pressure turbine will reduce plant operating costs by reducing power payments and make more efficient use of the energy recovered from the solid waste. Sheldon Jackson Community College, the facility's operator, will do most of the construction work in-house. This is expected to keep improvement costs down, and should result in a favorable pay back on the turbine-generator. With the extra capacity, the facility will be able to keep up with the increased summer waste quantities, which result in part from requirements of MARPOL Annex V, an international treaty requiring port communities to accept ship borne Alaska Energy Authority Bioenergy News waste. In winter months, when demand for steam is higher and waste quantities are reduced, the facility could fire the excess Capacity with urban wood waste or possibly shredded tires. Due in part to the small size of the facility, the Sitka waste-to-energy plant makes an ideal test bed for new technologies in solid waste incineration. The facility is of pilot scale, yet can serve to test actual operations of developing technologies in a real commercial setting. In past years, the facility has cooperated with Church and Dwight Co. in evaluating the use of bicarbonate of soda in acid gas and organic emission control. The community is currently discussing options for cooperating with Air Products and Chemicals Inc. of Allentown, PA, in demonstrating an oxygen enrichment process for the co-firing of MSW and sewage sludge. The process, developed by Air Products and Chemicals for the National Renewable Energy Lab (NREL) in Golden, Colorado, adds oxygen to combustion air, avoiding the derating of boilers typically associated with co- firing high moisture sludge. The City-Borough of Sitka continues to cut the leading edge in waste-to-energy operations in Alaska, as it upgrades its facility to meet the environmental and operational challenges of the nineties. Fairbanks to Evaluate Waste-to-Energy Disposal Options The Fairbanks North Star Borough has solid waste management authority for a 7,500 square mile area in interior Alaska, including the cities of Fairbanks and North Pole, a military base, and several smail communities and rural households. The currently operating bale and landfill facility accepts approximately 200 tons of solid waste per day and has a limited life span. The Borough is currently developing a solid waste management plan to guide, plan, and implement its solid waste disposal activities over the next 20 to 40 years. The pian will - include time specific actions and capital improvement needs to address the Borough's solid waste issues. This summer and fall, with financial and technical assistance from the Pacific Northwest and Alaska Regional Bioenergy Program and the Alaska Energy Authority, the Borough intends to conduct an evaluation of waste-to-energy as part of this overall No. 31 August 1992 planning effort. Several developers of waste-to- energy facilities have approached the Borough with the hope of developing a facility, and have indicated that recovering energy from waste may be an attractive solid waste management option. The Borough hopes to determine the most cost- effective altemative of waste disposal through the management planning effort. Waste-to-energy, landfilling and recycling all present unique design and operations challenges in this community, located just 120 miles due south of the arctic circle. Solid waste arrives on the tipping floor in frozen chunks at -40 to -60 Fahrenheit during winter months, requiring thawing prior to combustion and proving formidable to all but the most robust shredders. Ice fog, a common occurrence in sub-zero winter weather, is exacerbated by emissions from combustion facilities and by wet cooling towers. The community is also a non-attainment area for carbon monoxide emissions during winter months, making permitting of a waste- disposal combustion facility all the more difficult. Landfilling has its own special challenges with soil conditions that include discontinuous permafrost, lenses of permanently frozen soil that are problematic if thawed. High water tables add to the problem. Recyclable materials must travel over 350 miles by rail to the nearest deep water port in Anchorage, and then more than 1,000 additional miles by sea to markets. As a result, many recyclable materials are worth less than their freight costs to distant markets. These challenges call for a rational, integrated approach to solid waste management in the Borough, and have prompted the Borough to conduct a thorough evaluation of all the altematives, including waste-to-energy. By this fall the community should have a clearer idea of the feasibility of waste-to- energy as a solid waste disposal option. Landfill Gas Directory Available The 1991-92 Methane Recovery from Landfill Yearbook is available from the Govemmental Advisory Association, Inc., 177 East 87th Street, Suite 404, New York, New York, 10128. The publication covers 157 planned or operating landfill gas facilities in the U.S. and lists location, status, startup dates, electricity generation capacities, landfill statistics, and equipment brands used. The publication may be ordered by mail, telephone (212/410-4165) or fax (212/410-6607) and costs $275 including U.S. postage. The cost to non-profit Page 2 Alaska Energy Authority Bioenergy News organizations is $225. A companion disk containing site-specific information on all projects in dBase IV format for IBM compatible PC's is also available for $175. From SERBEP Update, February, 1992. Alaska Gateway School District Considers Wood Heating in New Facility Plans This summer, the Alaska Gateway School District will begin construction of a new 75,000 square foot public school facility in the interior Alaskan community of Tok. The district is currently evaluating the option of heating the facility with a combination of local sawmill waste and whole tree chips. The Alaska Energy Authority recently prepared a report for the School District, evaluating wood chips as an alternative to fuel oil for heating the facility. That report estimated that the wood heating altemative would save at least $21,135 dollars in annual fuel costs. Those savings would be even higher if local timber harvest and milling activities increase as anticipated, lowering the cost of wood fuel. In 1990, the community of Tok was threatened by a major wildfire that killed almost a million acres of white spruce forest adjacent to the community. The fire came so close to town that many residents evacuated. The remote community has limited economic activity, particularly in winter months, and salvaging and using this fire-killed timber would improve employment conditions and keep energy dollars in the local economy. Local sawmilling activity is currently limited to small operations serving local needs, and it is estimated that 54% of the 1,039 green tons of wood fuel that would be required annually to heat the school could come from local mill residues, with the remaining coming from low quality logs. The Energy Authority's evaluation for the School District included a number of _ technical recommendations for the proposed project: on-site wood fuel storage below grade to minimize problems with fuel lumping in extreme cold; a wood-fired boiler rated at 4.125 million Btw/hour with fully-automated controls and de-ashing; on-site storage of roundwood with chipping on demand to the chip storage cellar, No. 31 August 1992 and a redundant, oil-fired boiler for peaking and disruptions. Most challenging to the project is the development of a chip production and delivery infrastructure from scratch. A local sawmill owner has shown interest in providing both chipped pole timber and mill slabs under contract. If developed, the project would be the first institutional facility in Alaska to be heated with a fully automated wood chip fired boiler. Densified Logs Show Improvement in Air Emissions in Oregon Tests A recent study of the air emissions resulting from buming densified logs in residential wood stoves has shown these fuels emit less harmful emissions than traditional cordwood. The tests, conducted in homes in Klamath Falls, Oregon, were sponsored by the Pacific Northwest and Alaska Regional Bioenergy Program, the Oregon Department of Energy and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The tests were intended to evaluate the “in-home” performance of both conventional and EPA certified wood stoves when buming densified logs as opposed to regular cord wood. In past "in home" tests, wood pellet buming appliances have been found to significantly reduce emissions compared with cordwood stoves, and the new generation of EPA certified wood stove proved less polluting than older conventional certified stoves. However, both of these cleaner buming options require owners of conventional wood stoves to purchase new appliances at considerable expense, and not all homeowners can afford this investment. The densified logs were tested to see if this option could provide a significant short-term reduction in air emissions until the conventional stoves are gradually replaced by other forms of clean buming heat including pellet buming appliances and EPA certified cordwood stoves. The tests, conducted by OMNI Environmental Services, Inc. of Beaverton, Oregon, evaluated five Phase |i EPA certified wood stoves and four conventional stoves in nine Klamath Falls househokis. Two brands of densified logs were bumed in the tests, the Eco-Log produced from douglas fir and the Pres-to-Log, produced from ponderosa pine, douglas fir and westem larch. Both products are densified from planer shavings and sawdust, are 4.25 inches in Page 3 Alaska Energy Authority Bioenergy News diameter, and have moisture contents from 8% to 10%. This study concluded the following: o An average 52% reduction in particulate emissions was achieved using the Pres-to- logs, and 24% using the Eco-Logs. 0 Carbon monoxide emissions were reduced by 27% using the Pres-to-Logs and 22% using the Eco-Logs. 0 Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) emissions were reduced 39% using the Pres- to-Logs and 37% using the Eco-Logs. o The emission reduction percentages were similar for both types of stoves (conventional and EPA phase II certified). 0 Wood stove efficiency was not significantly improved by using the densified logs. The study concludes that the limited in-home tests indicate densified logs could prove effective as a temporary or permanent emissions control strategy in heavily woodsmoke-polluted airsheds. The authors urge caution in adopting such a strategy because emissions performance may vary Significantly from brand to brand of densified log due to such factors as fuel composition, particle size, compaction, log size and the type of manufacturing process used. The tests found that the feed stock composition affected performance, while these other factors were not evaluated. As densified logs can cost over twice that of cordwood for the same energy output, the economic feasibility of the long term use of densified logs as a pollution abatement strategy becomes questionable. The logs could provide an altemative to out right bans on burning during high pollution episodes. Copies of the study report entitled In-Home Demonstration of the Reduction of Woodstove Emissions from the Use of Densified Logs, are available from Mr. Pat Fox, Bonneville Power Administration, Box 3621, Portland, OR 97208, Phone: 503/230-3449. No. 31 August 1992 Meetings and Conferences Wood Energy and Recycling, Traini ourse for State and Federal Foresters September 14-17, 1992, Vergennes, Vermont, contact C.T. Donovan Associates, Inc., Burlington, Vermont, Ph: 802/658-9385. Biobased Products EXPO "92 October 6-9, St. Louis, Missouri. Contact Agricultural Research Institute, 9650 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, Maryland, 20814-3998. Ph: (301) 530-7122. National Biofuels Conf 1 Exhibiti “Waste Wood Combustion for Energy” October 20-22, Newton, Massachusetts. Contact Dona Loso, National Biofuels Conference, P.O. Box 5665, 22 Church Street, Burlington, Vermont 05402, Ph: 802/658-9385. Ash-V, Sth Intemational Conference on Ash Management and Utilization November 17-18, 1992, Arlington, VA. Contact Richard Will, the Coordinate Group, Inc., Ph: 800/627-8913 or 703/347-4500 or via fax at 703/349- 4540. November 30 and December 1, 1992, and December 2, 1992, Seattle, WA. Contact Jay Gruenfeld Associates, Inc., Ph: 206/242-3551, fax 206/242- 6175. Liquid Fuels from Renewable Sources December 13-14, Nashville, TN. Contact Jon Hiler, American Society of Agricultural Engineers at 2950 Niles Road, St. Joseph, MI, 49085. Ph: 616/429- 0300. Page 4 Afognak Native Corporation Mr. Jim Carmichael General Manager P.O. Box 1277 Kodiak, AK 99615 Ahtna Inc. P.O. Box 649 Glennallen, AK 99588 Alaska Center for Intemational Business Mr. Eric Downey 4201 Tudor Center Drive Anchorage, AK 99508 Alaska Correctional Industries Mr. Wally Roman, Manager P.O. Box T Juneau, AK 99811-2000 Alaska Gateway School District Mr. Spike Jorgenson, Superintendent P.O. Box 226 Tok, AK 99780 Alaska Health Project Ms. Kristine Benson Health Specialist 1818 W. Northem Lights Bivd., Suite 103 Anchorage, AK 99517 Alaska Natural Energy institute Mr. Greg Spry P.O. Box 83876 Fairbanks, AK 99708 91Q4\TJ1518L(1) DISTRIBUTION LIST QUARTERLY ENERGY NEWSLETTER August 31, 1992 Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station Mr. Ed Packee University of Alaska Fairbanks, AK 99775 Alaska Business Monthly Ms. Judy Fuerst P.O. Box 241288 Anchorage, AK 99524-1288 Alaska Correctional Industries Mr. Leland Spratt Production Manager P.O. Box 919 Paimer, AK 99645 Alaska Forest Association 111 Stedman Street, Suite 200 Ketchikan, AK 99901 Alaska Gateway Schoo! District Mr. Bob Malisch District Engineer P.O. Box 226 Tok, AK 99780 Alaska Journal of Commerce Or. Gene Rutledge, Editor P.O. Box 4-9007 Anchorage, AK 99509 Alaska Power & Telephone Mr. Vern Neitzer Vice President P.O. Box 459 Skagway, AK 99840 Alaska Public Utilities Commission Mr. Mike Tavella Utilities Engineer 1016 West 6th Avenue, Suite 400 Anchorage, AK 99501 Alaska Pulp Corporation Mr. Ed Oetken P.O. Box 1050 Sitka, AK 99835 Alaska Reclamation Center P.O. Box 200147 Anchorage, AK 99520-0147 Alaska Ruralite Magazine Mr. Ken Dollinger, Editor P.O. Box 557 Forest Grove, OR 87116 Alaska Timber Corp. Ms. Karen head P.O. Box 69 Klawock, AK 99925 Alaska VOTECH, Forestry Department Or. Robert Kesling, Chairperson P.O. Box 1728 Seward, AK 99664 Aleutian/Pribilof Islands Association 401 E. Fireweed Lane #201 Anchorage, AK 99503-2111 91Q4\TJ1518L(1) DISTRIBUTION LIST QUARTERLY ENERGY NEWSLETTER August 31, 1992 Alaska Pulp Co. Roy Martin P.O. Box 591 Wrangell, AK 99929 Alaska Pulp Corporation Mr. Gary Bowen P.O. Box 1050 Sitka, AK 99835 Alaska Reforestation Council Mr. Earl Stephens P.O. Box 242081 Anchorage, AK 99524-2081 Alaska Science and Technology Foundation Mr. John W. Sibert Executive Director 550 W. 7th Avenue, Suite 360 Anchorage, AK 99501-3555 Alaska Village Electric Cooperative Ms. Paula Anderson Member Services Representative 4831 Eagle Street Anchorage, AK 99503 Albertson, Doug EPI 4006 Industrial Avenue Coeur 'd Alene, ID 83814 Allen, Mr. Lee Star Route A P.O. Box 6762 Palmer, AK 99645 Altemative Energy Division Energy, Mines & Natural Resources Ms. Jody Barclay 580 Booth St., 7th Floor Ottowa K1AOE4, CANADA Anchorage Air Pollution Control Agency P.O. Box 196650 Anchorage, AK 99519-6650 Anchorage Municipal Light & Power Ms. Linda Weiford 1200 East First Anchorage, AK 99501 Arctic Bibliographer Rasmuson Library University of Alaska Fairbanks, AK 99775-1011 Arctic Slope Regional Corporation P.O. Box 129 Barrow, AK 99723 Ausman, Earle Polarconsuilt 1503 W. 33rd Avenue, Suite 310 Anchorage, AK 99503 Bering Straits Corporation P.O. Box 1008 Nome, AK 99762 91Q4\TJ1518L(1) DISTRIBUTION LIST QUARTERLY ENERGY NEWSLETTER August 31, 1992 American Forest Resource Alliance Rose Marie Watkins Director of Coalitions 1250 Connecticut Ave. NW, Suite 200 Washington, D.C. 20036 Anchorage Community College Director of Energy Programs 533 Providence Drive Anchorage, AK 99508 ARCO Alaska Inc. Mr. David W. Hanson Permit Coordinator 700 G Street Anchorage, AK 99510-0360 Arctic Environmental Information & Data Center Ms. Margaret Arend 707 A Street Anchorage, AK 99501 Armstrong R&D Corp. Mr. Peter Cheeseman P.O. Box 2000 Armstrong, Ontario POT 1A0 CANADA Badger State Industries Mr. Dan Clark 2565 East Johnson Street P.O. Box 7925 Madison, WI 53707 Bio-Mass Energy Mr. Nortyn Van Beek 322 North Main Sioux Center, IA 51250 Biomass Users Network P.O. Box 33308 Washington, D.C. 20033 Biomass Users Network Private Bag 7768 Causeway, Harare ZIMBABWE Biorealis Systems, Inc. Mr. Robert Crosby P.O. Box 772773 Eagle River, AK 99577 Blatchford, Edgar Commissioner Dept. of Community & Regional Affairs P.O. Box B Juneau, AK 99811 Brand, Stephen Thermogenics, Inc. 3620 Wyoming Blvd. Albuquerque, NM 87111 Bristol Bay Native Association Richard E. See Economic Planner Bristol Bay Native Association P.O. Box 310 Dillingham, AK 99576 Browning Timber, Inc. Mr. Waune Browning, President 579 Highway 141 White Saimon, WA 98672 91Q4\TJ1518L(1) DISTRIBUTION LIST QUARTERLY ENERGY NEWSLETTER August 31, 1992 Biomass Users Network Dr. Woraphat Arthayukti 84 Soi Rajakroo Paholyothin Road Bangkok 10400, THAILAND Biomass Users Network P.O. Box 1800-2100 Guadalupe San Jose, COSTA RICA Biotec R&D, Inc. Mr. Kent Herman P.O. Box 55632 North Pole, AK 99705 Bonneville Power Administration Mr. Patrick Fox, RMG P.O. Box 3621 Portland, OR 97208 Braswell, Mr. Allen P.O. Box 327 Delta Junction, AK 99737 British Columbia Forest Service Mr. Viggo Holm 1450 Government Street Victoria, B.C. CANADA V8W 3E7 Buck Handling Systems Mr. Don Gomer 1040 Arrowsmith Eugene, OR 97402 Builders Supply 8375 Old Dairy Road Juneau, AK 99801 Burfoot, Dan P.O. Box 301 Tok, AK 99780 Calista Corporation 601 West Sth Avenue, Suite 200 Anchorage, AK 99501-2225 Camahan, Mr. John 3201 "C" Street, Suite 602 Anchorage, AK 99503 Channel Sanitation Corporation Mr. Jerry Wilson General Manager P.O. Box 1267 Juneau, AK 99802 Chilkoot Lumber Co. Haines Lumber Mill Haines, AK 99827 Chugach Electric Association, Inc. Mr. Phil Steyer P.O. Box 196300 Anchorage, AK 99519-6300 91Q4\TJ1518L(1) DISTRIBUTION LIST QUARTERLY ENERGY NEWSLETTER August 31, 1992 Bureau of Land Management Mr. Kent Tresidder 1300 NE 44th Avenue P.O. Box 2965 Portland, OR 97208 Bushnell, Dwight OSU Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Corvallis, OR 97331-6001 Cant Products, inc. 2205 Cole Road Hom Lake, MS 38637 Carroll, Hatch & Associates, Inc. Mr. John Vranizan Box 8583 Portland, OR 97207 Chase, Mr. Craig 4532 133rd Avenue SE Bellevue, WA 98006 Chugach Alaska Corporation Mr. Paul Tweiten Timber Manager 3000 A Street Anchorage, AK 99503 Chugach National Forest Planning Department 201 E. 9th Avenue, Suite 206 Anchorage, AK 99501 Chukchi Community College P.O. Box 297 Kotzebue, AK 99752 Coeur d'Alene Fiber Fuels Mr. Jock Dudley 3550 W. Seltice Way Coeur d"Alene, ID 83814 Commerce & Economic Development Alaska Dept. of, Division of Business Development Mr. Frank Seymour P.O. Box D Juneau, AK 99811 Commerce & Economic Development Alaska Dept. of, Division of Ecomonic Development Mr. Paul Fuhs, Director P.O. Box D Juneau, AK 99811 Community & Regional Affairs Alaska Dept. of State of Alaska Mr. Bob Shipley 949 East 36th Avenue, No. 403 Anchorage, AK 99508 Cook Inlet Region, inc. P.O. Box 93330 Anchorage, AK 99509 Cooperative Extension Service Mr. Tony Gasbarro University of Alaska-Fairbanks Fairbanks, AK 99775 91Q4\TJ1518L(1) DISTRIBUTION LIST QUARTERLY ENERGY NEWSLETTER August 31, 1992 Citifor, Inc. Mr. Bob Rice Vice President 701 5th Avenue, #7272 Seattle, WA 98104-7090 Columbo, Nick P.O. Box 966 Delta Junction, AK 99737 Commerce & Economic Development Alaska Dept. of, Division of Business Development Mr. Jim Wiedeman 3601 C Street, Suite 724 Anchorage, AK 99503 Community & Regional Affairs Alaska Dept. of Ms. Ginny Moore, Librarian 949 East 36th, Room 400 Anchorage, AK 99508 Community Economic Development Corp. Mr. Walley Powers 1577 C Street, Suite 304 Anchorage, AK 99501 Cooperative Extension Service Mr. Don Quarberg General Delivery Delta Junction, AK 99737 Cooperative Extension Service Ms. Karin Holser Extension Assistant 2221 E. Northem Lights Bivd., Suite 240 Anchorage, AK 99508-4143 Cooperative Extension Service Ms. Catherine Brown 9112 Mendenhall Mall Road Juneau, AK 99801 Copper River Native Association Atna' T’Aene Nene’ Drawer H Copper Center, AK 99573 Corrections, Dept. of Mr. Walley Roman Correctional Industries Manager P.O. Box T Juneau, AK 99811 Craig School District Mr. John Holst Superintendent P.O. Box 800 Craig, AK 99921 Davis, Dr. Neil 375 Miller Hill Road Fairbanks, AK 99709 Delta Junction, City of Mr. Emory Bohan, Mayor P.O. Box 229 Delta Junction, AK 99737 DNR, Forestry State of Alaska Big Lake Area Office Box 520455 Big Lake, AK 99652 91Q4\TJ1518L(1) DISTRIBUTION LIST QUARTERLY ENERGY NEWSLETTER August 31, 1992 Cooperative Extension Service Ms. Michele Peep 1514 South Cushman Fairbanks, AK 99701 Corrections, Dept. of Ms. Kathy Christy Facilities Planner 2200 East 42nd Avenue Anchorage, AK 99508 Craig, City of Mr. Tom Briggs Public Works Director P.O. Box 23 Craig, AK 99921 Davis, Dr. Neil 3802 Roche Road Friday Harbor, WA 98250 Delta Barley Farmers Ms. Pam Rule P.O. Box 1134 Delta Junction, AK 99737 Delta Woodcutters Association Ms. Vonda Chapman, Secretary 5271 Spangler Road Delta Junction, AK 99737 ONR, Forestry Tok Area Office P.O. Box 10 Tok, AK 99780 DNR-RES Allocation Dr. M. Welbourn P.O. Box 107005 Anchorage, AK 99510 Doyle, Mr. Grant Member, Alaska Energy Authority Board of Directors P.O. Box 81183 Fairbanks, AK 99708-1183 Dumont Stoker Corp. John Dumont Jr. P.O. Box 149 Monmouth, ME 04259 Electric Power Research Institute Ms. Cindy Farrar P.O. Box 10412 Palo Alto, CA 94303 Energeo Mr. Charles Sanders 235 Montgomery St., Suite 820 San Francisco, CA 94104 Energy & Environment Research Center Mr. William Hauserman P.O. Box 8213 Grand Forks, ND 58202 ENSTAR Mr. Dave Webb P.O. Box 6288 Anchorage, AK 99502 91Q4\TJ15184(1) DISTRIBUTION LIST QUARTERLY ENERGY NEWSLETTER August 31, 1992 DOT/PF Sharon Mcleod Everette Director, Technology Transfer 2301 Pegar Road Fairbanks, AK 99709-5316 Doyon Limited Mr. Norman Phillips 201 First Avenue Fairbanks, AK 99701 Ektlutna, Inc. Mr. Lee Stephan, Vice President 510 L Street #200 Anchorage, AK 99501-1949 Electric Power Research Institute Mr. Evan Hughs P.O. Box 10412 Palo Alto, CA 94303 Energy, Mines & Resources Canada Mr. Joe Robert, Chief Bioenergy Supply Technology 580 Booth Street Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0E4 CANADA ENFOR Mr. J. Richardson 351 St. Joseph Bivd. Hull, Quebec K1A 1G5 CANADA Environaid Mr. Dan Bishop 12175 Mendenhall Loop Road Juneau, AK 99801 DISTRIBUTION LIST QUARTERLY ENERGY NEWSLETTER August 31, 1992 a Environmental Conservation, Alaska Dept. of Mr. Dick Marcum P.O. Box O Juneau, AK 99811-1800 Environmental Conservation, Alaska Dept. of Mr. Glenn Miller P.O. Box O Juneau, AK 99811-1800 Environmental Conservation, Alaska Dept. of Ms. Allison Talley, Librarian P.O. Box O Juneau, AK 99811 Environmental Conservation, Alaska Dept. of Mr. Jon Stone P.O. Box O Juneau, AK 99811-1800 Environmental Protection Agency 701 C Street Anchorage, AK 99503 EPA, Air Programs Mr. Chris James 1200 Sixth Avenue Seattle, WA 98101 ESA Process Equipment, inc. Mr. Eric Smith, President 3004 N.E. 155th Avenue Vancouver, WA 98665 91Q4\TJ1518L(1) Environmental Conservation, Alaska Dept. of Mr. Bill MacClarence 3601 C Street, Suite 1334 Anchorage, AK 99503 Environmental Conservation, Alaska Dept. of Southcentral Regional Office Mary Ann See & Ron Godden 3601 C Street, Suite 1350 Anchorage, AK 99503 Environmental Conservation, Alaska Dept. of Mr. Pete McGee Regional Supervisor 1001 Noble St., Suite 350 Fairbanks, AK 99701 Environmental Conservation/Air Quality Alaska Dept. of State of Alaska Mr. Leonard Verrelli P.O. Box O-MS 1800 Juneau, AK 99811 Environmental Recycling, Inc. Mr. Larry Kelly 1100 W. Bamette St., #102 Fairbanks, AK 99701-4540 EPA Carol R. Purvis Air & Energy Research Lab MO-63 Research Triangle Park, NC 27711 Estes, Dave 236 Irwin Street Juneau, AK 99801 Eyak Corp. P.O. Box 340 Cordova, AK 99574 Fairbanks North Slope Borough Mr. Don Moore Public Works Executive Director P.O. Box 1267 Fairbanks, AK 99707 Fish & Game, Alaska Dept. of Division of Game, SERO Mr. Donald E. McKnight Regional Supervisor P.O. Box 20 Douglas, AK 99824 Forestry Services Lab Mr. Jim Howard, Project Leader Box 3890 Portland, OR 97208 Galea, Mr. John Forestry Consultant 5814 S. Tongass Highway Ketchikan, AK 99901 Goldbelt Corporation 801 W. 10th, Suite 300 Juneau, AK 99801 Golden Valley Electric Association Ms. Vayla Colonel Ms. Becky Gray P.O. Box 1249 Fairbanks, AK 99707 91Q4\TJ1518L(1) DISTRIBUTION LisT QUARTERLY ENERGY NEWSLETTER August 31, 1992 Fairbanks Industrail Development Corp. Mr. Ron Ricketts Executive Director 520 5th Avenue, Suite 410 Fairbanks, AK 99701 Fiber Fuels Institute Mr. John Fisher, President 5013 Miller Trunk Highway Duluth, MN 55811 Foresters and Managers, Inc. Mr. Clare Doig 6541 Sexton Rd. N.W., Suite F Olympia, WA 98502-9551 Frontiersman Mr. Jim Springer P.O. Box M Wasilla, AK 99687 Gillam, Hank 104 2nd Avenue Fairbanks, AK 99701 Golden Associates, Inc. Mr. Keith Mobley 139 E. 51st Avenue Anchorage, AK 99503 Governor, State of Alaska Ms. Nancy Bames Executive Secretary P.O. Box A Juneau, AK 99811-0101 ’ Great Lakes Govemors, Council Mr. Frederic Kuzel Project Director 35 E. Wacker Drive, Suite 1850 Chicago, IL 60601 Gumley, Tony Fischer Brothers Firewood Svc. 300 W. Swanson Wasilla, AK 99654-6827 Hanson, Ronak G. Hanson Engineering 4117 Birch Lane Juneau, AK 99801 Harman, Mr. Dave City Engineer P.O. Box 329 Petersburg, AK 99833 Heinze, Mr. Harold Commissioner Dept. of Natural Resources 400 Willoughby Avenue Juneau, AK 99811 Hoener, Todd Director Housing Services Tanana Chiefs Conference, Inc. 122 1st Avenue Fairbanks, AK 99701 Homer Electric Association Mr. Sam Matthews 3977 Lake Street Homer, AK 99603 91Q4\TJ1518L(1) DISTRIBUTION LIST QUARTERLY ENERGY NEWSLETTER August 31, 1992 Gulkona Community Corp. Mr. Lyle Hennager P.O. Box 930 Delta Junction, AK 99737 Hamilton, Ms. Joy General Delivery Shageluk, AK 99665 Hargesheimer, Mr. John clo FPE Roen 560 E. 34th, Suite 300 Anchorage, AK 99503 HC! Publishing Mr. Mike Hilts 410 Archibald Street Kansas City, MO 94111 Hill, Mr. Dan Greshnel Loop Road HCR-01 Box 6224 #3 Palmer, AK 99645 Homan, Mr. Frank 523 Harris Street Juneau, AK 99801 Homer Electric Association Mr. Jim Elson P.O. Box 5280 Kenai, AK 99611 DISTRIBUTION LIST QUARTERLY ENERGY NEWSLETTER August 31, 1992 Hope, Ms. Nancy 1403 Edgecumbe Drive Sitka, AK 99835 House Research Agency Aalska State Legislature Mr. Brad Pierce P.O. Box Y Juneau, AK 99801 Institute of Northem Forestry Mr. George Sampson 308 Tanana Drive Fairbanks, AK 99701 Interior Regional Housing Authority 828 27th Avenue Fairbanks, AK 99701 Inand Group Dave Maass Weston Building 7 N. Chestnut Street Augusta, ME 04330 ITT Rayonier, inc. P.O. Box 7596 Ketchikan, AK 99901 Jacoby, Steven Office of the Governor Office of Management & Budget Division of Governmental Coordination P.O. Box AW Juneau, AK 99811 91Q4\TJ15184(1) Horvath, Mr. Hunter 565 W. Sth Colville, WA 99114 Idaho Department of Water Resources Mr. Gerald Fleischman 1301 N. Orchard Street Boise, ID 83720 Institute of Northem Forestry 201 E. 9th Avenue, Suite 105 Anchorage, AK 99501 Interior Services Mr. Ralph Bartlett 400 Sanduri Fairbanks, AK 99701 Islands Community College 1101 Sawmill Creek Boulevard Sitka, AK 99835 Jacobson, Alan TSS Consultants P.O. Box 1079 Meadow Vista, CA 95722 Janke, Mr. Joe 9690 Hiland Eagle River, AK 99577 r DISTRIBUTION LIST QUARTERLY ENERGY NEWSLETTER August 31, 1992 Jenks, Doug Pyro Industries 695 Pease Road Burlington, WA 98233 Juneau, City & Borough of Ms. Cindy Johnson Solid Waste Management Specialist 155 South Seward Street Juneau, AK 99801 Kavilco Inc. Mr. Loui Thompson Kasaan, AK 99901 Kenai, City of Tom Wagoner 210 Fidaigo Kenai, AK 99611 Kenai Peninsula Community College 34820 College Drive Soldotna, AK 99669-9732 Ketchikan Community College 7th and Madison Ketchikan, AK 99901 Ketchikan Gateway Borough Mr. Fred Monrean City Engineer 344 Front Street Ketchikan, AK 99901 91Q4\TJ1518L(1) Juneau, City & Borough of Mr. Bob Johnson Public Works Director 155 S. Seward Street Juneau, AK 99801 K & K Recycling, Inc. Mr. Bermie Kari P.O. Box 10687 Fairbanks, AK 99710 Kawerak, Inc. P.O. Box 948 Nome, AK 99762 Kenai peninsula Borough Mr. Ken Brown Public Works Director 144 N. Binkley Soldotna, AK 99669 Kerr, Cal Box 111293 Anchorage, AK 99511 Ketchikan Gateway Borough Mr. William Jones Planning Director 344 Front Street Ketchikan, AK 99901 Ketchikan Public Library Ms. Judy Steams 629 Dock Street Ketchikan, AK 99901 Ketchikan Pulp Company Mr. Walt Bagalka Chief Contract Manager P.O. Box 6600 Ketchikan, AK 99901 Klawock Heenya Corp. P.O. Box 25 Klawock, AK 99925 Koch, Peter President Wood Science Laboratory, Inc. 942 Little Willow Creek Road Corvallis, MT 59828 Kodiak Island Borough Ms. Linda L. Freed Planning Director 710 Mill Bay Road Kodiak, AK 99615 Koncor Forest Products Mr. John L. Sturgeon President 3501 Denali Anchorage, AK 99503 Kumin, John Kumin & Associates, Architects 3000 A Street, Suite 202 Anchorage, AK 99503 Kuskokwim Native Association P.O. Box 106 Aniak, AK 99557 91Q4\TJ1518L(1) DISTRIBUTION LIST QUARTERLY ENERGY NEWSLETTER August 31, 1992 Ketchikan pulp Company Mr. Tom Hogan Senior Engineer P.O. Box 6600 Ketchikan, AK 99901 Klukwan Forest Products Vice President of Operations P.O. Box 34659 Juneau, AK 99803-4659 Kodiak Community College P.O. Box 946 Kodiak, AK 99615 Kodiak Island Borough Mr. Ray Camardeila Facilities Coordinator 710 Mill Bay Road Kodiak, AK 99615-6340 Koniag, Inc. 4300 B Street Anchorage, AK 99503 Kuskokwim Community College P.O. Box 368 Bethel, AK 99559 LA Dept. of Forestry Mr. Mike Buchart P.O. Box 3334 Baton Rouge, LA 70821 = ab {x Langr, Ken Norther States Power 100 N. Barstow Street EauClaire, WI 54701 Library, State of Alaska Reference Librarian P.O. Box G Juneau, AK 99811 Listen, Mr. Bob RFD #1 Box 210 Bamstead, NH 03218 Lowe, Mr. Royce P.O. Box 33806 Juneau, AK 99803 Maniilaq Association P.O. Box 256 Kotzebue, AK 99752 Mat-Su Loggers Association Mr. Dit Wemer Star Route B, Box 7221 Palmer, AK 99645 Matanuska-Susitna Borough Mr. Roy Carison Public Works Director 350 E. Dahlia Avenue Palmer, AK 99645-6488 91Q4\TJ1518L(1) DISTRIBUTION LIST QUARTERLY ENERGY NEWSLETTER August 31, 1992 Lawrence & Craig Ms. Linda Craig P.O. Box 10142 Portland, OR 97210-0142 Lignetics, Inc. Mr. William Pickering P.O. Box 1706 Sandpoint, ID 83864 Loiselle, Bob 10624 Starlight Court Juneau, AK 99801 Lumbrecht Forest Hank Goetz P.O. Box 1 Grennough, MT 59836 Martin, Mr. Robert Chairman, Alaska Energy Authority Board of Directors 9354 River Court Way Juneau, AK 99801-1276 Matanuska Electric Association Mr. Bruce Scott Ms. Judy Inabinette P.O. Box 2929 Palmer, AK 99645 Matanuska-Susitna Borough Planning Department Mr. John Duffy, Director P.O. Box 1608 Paimer, AK 99645 DISTRIBUTION LIST QUARTERLY ENERGY NEWSLETTER August 31, 1992 Matanuska-Susitna Community College P.O. Box 899 Palmer, AK 99645 McDaniels, Drew Pyro Industries, Inc. 695 Pease Road Burlington, WA 98233 Mechanical Sales, Inc. Mr. Mark Pennington 941 East Dowling Road, Suite 304 Anchorage, AK 99518 Menasha Corporation Lands and Timber Operations Mr. Ron Eckfield Chief Forester P.O. Box 588 North Bend, OR 97459 Metiakatla Power & Light Mr. Gordon Thompson Box 359 Metlakatla, AK 99926 Miles, Tom Jr. 5475 SW Arrowwood Portland, OR 97225 Minnesota Dept. of Public Service Narvei Somdahi, P.E. Manager, Conservation/Altemate 900 American Center 150 East Kellogg Boulevard St. Paul, MN 55101 91Q4\TJ1518L(1) McCauley, Sharon Office of the Governor OMB P.O. Box AM Juneau, AK 99811 McGrath Light and Power Mr. Tom Harris P.O. Box 309 McGrath, AK 99627 Menasha Corp. Mr. Chris Maisch 520 5th Aenue Fairbanks, AK 99701 Metlakatla Indian Community Mr. John Bruns, Forester Box 360 Metlakatia, AK 99926 Michigan State University David Nicholls Dept. of Forestry 208 Natural Resources Bivd. East Lansing, MI 48824-1222 Military & Veterans Affairs, Aalska Dept. of Mr. Roger Patch, Director of Facilities P.O. Box 5-549 Fort Richardson, AK 99505 Minnesota Dept. of Public Service Energy Division Mr. Rick Korinek 790 American Center Bidg. 150 East Kellogg Boulevard St. Paul, MN 55101 Ga ~s ed Mitkof Lumber Co. Inc. Mr. Pat Ford P.O. Box 89 Petersburg, AK 99833 Morbark Northwest, Inc. Mr. Mike Duke P.O. Box 608 Toledo, WA 98591 Municipality of Anchorage Solid Waste Services Mr. Ken DeForest Operations Manager P.O. Box 196650 Anchorage, AK 99519-6650 Murphy, Dr. Joyce Member, Alaska Energy Authority Board of Directors 12531 Old Seward Highway Anchorage, AK 99515 Nana Regional Corporation P.O. Box 49 Kotzebue, AK 99752 NATAS Ms. Kathy Jackson P.O. Box 2525 Butte, MT 59702 National Wood Energy Association 777 N. Capital Street, Suite 805 Washington, D.C. 20002 91Q4\TJ1518L(1) DISTRIBUTION LisT QUARTERLY ENERGY NEWSLETTER August 31, 1992 Montana ONRC, Energy Division 1520 E. 6th Avenue, 3rd Floor Helena, MT 59620 Municipality of Anchorage Mr. Peter Poray P.O. Box 6-650 Anchorage, AK 99687 Municipality of Anchorage Mr. Mike Bieger Public Works Director P.O. Box 6-650 Anchorage, AK 99519-6650 Muska, John 545 NW 31st Corvallis, OR 97330 Nanilchik Native Association Mr. Bruce Oskulkoff 2600 Cordova, Suite 204 Anchorage, AK 99503 National Center for Appropriate Technology Ms. Rose Sullivan P.O. Box 3838 Butte, MT 59702 Native Village of Fort Yukon Mr. Pat Stanley P.O. Box 126 Fort Yukon, AK 99740 Native Village of Fort Yukon Mr. Terry Brady P.O. Box 126 Fort Yukon, AK 99740 Natural Resources, Alaska Dept. of Division of Forestry Mr. Bob Dick P.O. Box 107005 Anchorage, AK 99510 Natural Resources, Alaska Dept. of State of Alaska Mr. Dave Wallingford Division of Forestry, SERO P.O. Box 7-005 Anchorage, AK 99510 Nickerson, Andrew 3915 Camino Lindo San Diego, CA 92122-2009 Northem Light Larry Dobson 1385 33rd Avenue S. Seattle, WA 98144 Northwest Public Power Bulletin Mr. Rick Kellog, Editor P.O. Box 4576 Vancouver, WA 98662-0576 O'Connell, Russ CONEG 400 N. Capitol St., Suite 382 Washington, DC 20001 91Q4\TJ1518L(1) DISTRIBUTION LIST QUARTERLY ENERGY NEWSLETTER August 31, 1992 Natural Resoruces, Alaska Dept. of Division of Forestry Mr. Les Fortune 3726 Airport Way Fairbanks, AK 99701 Natural Resources, Alaska Dept. of Division of Forestry, SERO Mr. Jim McAllister 400 Willoughby Avenue Juneau, AK 99801 NEOS Corporation 3569 Mt. Diablo Bivd., Suite 200 LaFayette, CA 94549 North American Energy Services Mr. Will Evans, Superintendent _ Clo Tacoma Pubiic Utilities Steam Plant No. 2 1171 Taylor Way Tacoma, WA 98421 Northwest Enviro Services Mr. Stan Barankiewicz 1813 E. 1st Avenue Anchorage, AK 99501 NRG Resource Recovery Ms. Renee Jakubiak 1221 Nicollet Mall, Suite 800 Minneapolis, MN 55403 Oak Ridge National Labs Lynn Wright P.O. Box 2008 Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6352 - Ogden Martin Systems of Marion, Inc. 4850 Brooklake Road, NE Brooks, OR 97305 OMB-KGC 3601 C Street, Suite 370 Anchorage, AK 99503 Oregon Department of Forestry Mr. Paul Bell 2600 State Street Salem, OR 97310 Organized Village of Kake P.O. Box 316 Kake, AK 99830 Pacific Generation Inc. Mr. Kirk Humphries 500 NE Multnomah Street #900 Portland, OR 97232-2039 Pastro, Mr. Anthony J. P.O. Box 83812 Fairbanks, AK 99708 Peratrovich, Nottingham and Drage 1506 W. 36th Avenue Anchorage, AK 99503 91Q4\TJ1518L(1) DISTRIBUTION LIST QUARTERLY ENERGY NEWSLETTER August 31, 1992 Olds, Glenn A. Commissioner Dept. of Commerce & Economic Development P.O. Box D Juneau, AK 99811 Oregon Department of Energy Mr. Alex Sifford 625 Marion Street, NE Salem, OR 97310 Oregon State University Dr. Dwight Bushnell Department of Mechanical Engineering Rogers Hall, Room 204 Corvallis, OR 97331 Pacific Energy Systems Mr. Daniel Jones P.O. Box 7 Portland, OR 97207 Paimer Correctional Center Mr. Art Schmidt, Superintendent P.O. Box 919 Palmer, AK 99645 Pease, Dave Editorial Director Forest industries 655 N.W. Canyon Drive Redmond, OR 97756 Petawawa National Forestry institute Mr. Jeff Monty, Director Technology Transfer and Operations Chalk River, Ontario KOJ 1J0 CANADA DISTRIBUTION LIST QUARTERLY ENERGY NEWSLETTER August 31, 1992 Petersburg, City of Mr. Eli Lucas Public Works Director P.O. Box 329 Petersburg, AK 99833 PNW Research Station Ms. Susan Willits Timber Quality Research P.O. Box 3890 Portland, OR 97208 Port Graham Corp. Mr. Pat Norman Port Graham, AK 99603 Prince Edward Isiand Forestry Branch Mr. Paul McKnight Department of Energy & Forestry P.O. Box 2000 Charlottetown, Prince Edward Isiand C1A 7N8& CANADA Radar Companies Mr. Duane Powell P.O. Box 20128 Portland, OR 97220 Recycling Council of Ontario Ms. Irene Fedun, Librarian 489 College Street, Suite 504 Toronto, Ontario M6G 1A5 CANADA Resource Management Mr. Ted Smith P.O. Box 1026 Willow, AK 99688 91Q4\TJ1518L(1) Pine, Mr. George Box 3 Tok, AK 99780 Pope & Talbot Mr. Mike Niebuhr P.O. Box 850 Spearfish, SD 57783 Price-Chen Intemational, Inc. The Alaska Pacific Trading Co. P.O. Box 462 Anchorage, AK 99510 Prince William Sound Comm. College P.O. Box 97 Valdez, AK 99686 RCN Engineering Mr. Ron Nienas 8430 Rosalind Street Anchorage, AK 99507 Resource Development Council Ms. Becky Gay 121 W. Fireweed Lane #250 Anchorage, AK 99503-2035 Resource Recovery Report Mr. Frank McManus Editor and Publisher 5313 - 38th Street NW Washington, D.C. 20015 . Robinson, Mr. George Drawer 1120 Kenai, AK 99611 Rural Alaska Power Association Ms. Dianne Rabb P.O. Box 100214 Anchorage, AK 99510 Rutledge, Pete P.O. Box 3657 Palmer, AK 99645 Sealaska Corporation Mr. Rick Harris One Sealaska Plaza - S400 Juneau, AK 99801 Seley Corporation Mr. Steve Seley P.O. Box 5380 Ketchikan, AK 99901 Severson, Mr. Gordon J. 3201 Westman Circle Anchorage, AK 99508 Shaan Seet, Inc. P.O. Box 90 Craig, AK 99921 91Q4\TJ1518L(1) DISTRIBUTION LIST QUARTERLY ENERGY NEWSLETTER August 31, 1992 Ruby, Michael G. Envirometrics, inc. 4803 Fremont Avenue North Seattle, WA 98103-6527 Rural Cap Mr. Conrad Zipperian P.O. Box 200908 Anchorage, AK 99520 Satellite Systems Unlimited Mr. Bob Walker 35543 Spur Highway Soldotna, AK 99669 Seasoned Chips Ltd., Inc. Mr. Bill Campbell, President P.O. Box 27418 Philadelphia, PA 19118 SERI Ralph Overend 1617 Cole Bivd. Golden, CO 80401-3393 Seward, City of Mr. Everett P. Diener Mr. Ron Garzini, City Manager P.O. Box 167 Seward, AK 99664 Shee Atika, Inc. P.O. Box 1949 Sitka, AK 99835 Sheldon Jackson Incinerator Plant Mr. Roy Levine, Supervisor 801 Lincoln Street Sitka, AK 99835 Shepard, Mr. Mark P.O. Box 953 Slana, AK 99586 Sitka, City & Borough of Mr. Jerry Simpson Public Works Director 304 Lake Street, Room 104 Sitka, AK 99835 Smith, Ted P.O. Box 1026 Willow, AK 99688 Solid Waste Services Municipality of Anchorage Mr. Bill Kryger P.O. Box 196650 Anchorage, AK 99519-6650 South Central Timber Development Mr. Joseph R. Henri 255 East Fireweed Lane Anchorage, AK 99503 Southeast Pellet Stoves P.O. Box 6200 Ward Cove, AK 99901-6200 91Q4\TJ1518L(1) DISTRIBUTION LIST QUARTERLY ENERGY NEWSLETTER August 31, 1992 Sheldon Jackson Junior College Forestry Program Box 479 Sitka, AK 99835 Shepard, Ms. Marlene P.O. Box 360 Craig, AK 99921 Sitka, City and Borough of Mr. Larry Harmon City Engineer 304 Lake Street Sitka, AK 99835 Soldotna, City of Mr. David Bunnell Public Works Director 177 North Birch Street Soldotna, AK 99669 Soloy, Mr. Chris P.O. Box 872801 Wasilla, AK 99687 Southeast Conference Mr. Jim Kohler 124 W. Sth Street Juneau, AK 99801 Southwest Municipal Conference 3300 Arctic Bivd., Suite 203 Anchorage, AK 99503 DISTRIBUTION LIST QUARTERLY ENERGY NEWSLETTER August 31, 1992 Spenard Builders Supply Stastny, Mr. J. Shelby 104 Smith Street Office of the Govemor Sitka, AK 99835 OMB P.O. Box AM, Room 445 Juneau, AK 99811 State and Private Forestry State Publications Distribution Mr. Paul Forward, Director and Data Access Center 201 E. 9th Avenue, Suite 206 Alaska State Library Anchorage, AK 99501 Mr. Lou Coatney P.O. Box G Juneau, AK 99811 Stysick, Gary Sylva Energy Systems Inc. Alaska Rural Investments Mr. Terry Guenell P.O. Box 6961 519 Richard Street Ketchikan, AK 99901 Thunder Bay, Ontario P7A 1R2 CANADA Tacoma Public Utilities Tacoma Refuse Utility Mr. Mark Gamble Mr. Walt Forsiund Thermal Plant Manager 747 Market Street, Suite 408 P.O. Box 11007 Tacoma, WA 98402 Tacoma, WA 98411 Tanana Chiefs Conference, Inc. TBI Water Systems Chris Maisch, Forestry Director 4225 E. Joseph 1302 21st Avenue Spokane, WA 99207 Fairbanks, AK 99701 Tennessee Valley Authority The Irland Group Mr. Phillip C. Badger Forestry Consultants Program Director, Biomass Mr. Lioyd C. Irland Muscle Shoals, AL 35660 7 North Chestnut Street Augusta, ME 04330 The Tatitlek Corporation Thermogenics, inc. Ms. Mary Gordoaoff, President Mr. Stephen C. Brand Box 650 3620 Wyoming Bivd., NE Cordova, AK 99574 Suite 207 Albuquerque, NM 87111 91Q4\TJ1518L(1) Thome Bay, City of Ginny Tiemey City Administrator P.O. Box 19110 Thome Bay, AK 99919 Tollman, Ed Copper Valley Construction Box 165 Glennallen, AK 99588 Trends Publishing, Inc. National Press Building Washington, D.C. 20045 TVA/SERBEP Mr. Phil Badger CEB IC-M Muscle Shoals, AL 35660 U.S. Forest Service Mr. Michael Barton Regional Forester P.O. Box 21628 Juneau, AK 99802-1628 U.S. Forest Service Mr. Conrad Reinecke Information & Education Office P.O. Box 1628 Juneau, AK 99801 UAS - Ketchikan C.L. Chesire 7th & Madison Ketchikan, AK 99901 91Q4\TJ1518L(1) DISTRIBUTION LIST QUARTERLY ENERGY NEWSLETTER August 31, 1992 Timberline, Inc. Mr. Reed Oswalt Box 722 Kodiak, AK 99615 Transportation and Public Facilities, Alaska Dept. of Mr. Rod Platsky 2301 Peger Road Fairbanks, AK 99709 Tumer, Neil Southem Engineering & Equipment Co. P.O. Drawer 270 95 - 3rd Street N.E. Graysville, AL 35073 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Ms. Irene Alexakos 3200 Hospital Drive Juneau, AK 99801 U.S. Forest Servic Mr. Gene Miller P.O. Box 21628 Juneau, AK 99802-1628 U.S.D.A. Forest Service Mr. Les Paul Box 1628 Juneau, AK 99802 Underwater Construction, Inc. Mr. Chuck Moris 8740 Hartzell Road Anchorage, AK 99507 University, Alaska Pacific Department of Natural Resource Mr. Richard Myers 4101 University Drive Anchorage, AK 99508 University of Alaska-Anchorage Engineering Department 2651 Providence Drive Anchorage, AK 99508 University of Alaska-Fairbanks School of Engineering Mr. Ron Johnson 306 Tanana Drive Fairbanks, AK 99775-0661 University of Alaska-Fairbanks The Northem Engineer Geophysical Institute Fairbanks, AK 99701 University of Alaska-Fairbanks Utilities Department, Powerplant Mr. Farhad Mamarzadeh Fairbanks, AK 99775-1660 University of Alaska-Juneeu Forestry Programs 11120 Glacier Highway Juneau, AK 99803 University of Idaho Dr. Alton Campbell College of Forest Resources Moscow, ID 83843 91Q4\TJ1518L(1) DISTRIBUTION LIST QUARTERLY ENERGY NEWSLETTER August 31, 1992 University, Alaska Pacific Management Science Mr. Christopher R. Low Associate Professor 4101 University Drive Anchorage, AK 99508 University of Alaska-Anchorage School of Engineering Or. David Junge 3211 Providence Drive Anchorage, AK 99508 University of Alaska-Fairbanks Geophysical Institute Or. William J. Stringer Associate Professor University of Alaska-Fairbanks Fairbanks, AK 99775 University of Alaska-Fairbanks Utilities Operations Mr. Jerry England 802 South Chandalar Drive Fairbanks, AK 99775-1660 University of Alaska-Fairbanks Dr. James Drew, Dean School of Agriculture Resources Management 103 Arctic Health Building Fairbanks, AK 99775-0080 University of Idaho Mr. Richard Folk College of Forest Resources Department of Forest Products Moscow, ID 83843 University of idaho Physical Piant Moscow, ID 83843 DISTRIBUTION LIST QUARTERLY ENERGY NEWSLETTER August 31, 1992 USDA Forest Products Lab Mr. Andy Baker 1 Gifford Pinchot Drive Madison, WI 53705 USDA Forest Service, R-6 Mr. Robert Lease P.O. Box 3623 Portland, OR 97203 Valdeghta, Bob Associate Consultants Investment Enterprises Box 1267 Seward, AK 99664 Valley Sawmill Mr. Greg Bell 6231 Old Seward Highway Anchorage, AK 99502 Vermont State Energy Office Mr. Norm Hudson State Office Building Montpelier, VT 05602 Walkinshaw, Rob 2438 Tulik Drive Anchorage, AK 99517 Washington State Energy Office Mr. Jim Kerstetter 809 Legion Way, SE Olympia, WA 98504-1211 91Q4\TJ1518L(1) USDA Forest Service Anchorage Forestry Sciences Lab Mr. Jim LaBau 210 East 9th Avenue, Suite 303 Anchorage, AK 99501 USDA Forest Service Mr. Wallace Watts 201 E. 9th Avenue, Suite 201 Anchorage, AK 99501 Valdez, City of Public Works Director Mr. Lee Schlitz P.O. Box 307 Vakiez, AK 99686 Van Oss, Mr. Jim HCR 48750 East End Road Homer, AK 99603 VRCA Environmental Services 6700 Arctic Spur Road Anchorage, AK 99518-1550 Washington State ONR Mr. John Bergvall Forest Analyst MS:EV-31 Olympia, WA 98504 Washington Timberland Management Mr. Gary Hansen, President P.O. Box 130 Union, WA 98592 DISTRIBUTION LIST QUARTERLY ENERGY NEWSLETTER August 31, 1992 Washington Water & Power John Steigers Fuel Supply Coordinator E. 1411 Mission P.O. Box 3727 Spokane, WA 99220 Westwood Forest Products Matt LeBlanc 829 51st Street East Saskatoon, Saskatchewan CANADA S7K 5C6& Williams, CPT Ryan Energy Officer 21st CSG/DEB Elmendorf AFB, AK 99506-5000 World Trade Center Mr. Albert Chang 4201 Tudor Center Drive, Suite 105 Anchorage, AK 99508 Wrangell, City of P.O. Box 531 Wrangell, AK 99929 Young, Mr. Joe Box 42 Tok, AK 99780 91Q4\TJ1518L(1) Weiber, Ward Pouch 340044 Deadhorse, AK 99734 Will Burt Co. ‘Rodney Webner 169 South Main Street Orrville, MO 44667-0900 Wiltsee, George Appel Consultants Inc. 10438 Larwin Avenue Chatsworth, CA 91311-2058 Wrangell, City of Mr. Ken Davidson Public Works Director P.O. Box 531 Wrangell, AK 99929 Wrangell Forest Products, Ltd. Mr. Winston Smith P.O. Box 621 Wrangell, AK 99929 Yukon Flats People Speak Gwitcha-Gwitchen-Ginkhye P.O. Box 98 Fort Yukon, AK 99740 The Honorable Albert P. Adams Alaska State Senator P.O. Box 333 Kotzebue, AK 99752 The Honorable Sam Cotten Alaska State Senator P.O. Box 296 Eagle River, AK 99577 The Honorable Richard I. Eliason Alaska State Senator P.O. Box 143 Sitka, AK 99835 The Honorable Paul A. Fischer Alaska State Senator P.O. Box 784 Soldotna, AK 99669 The Honorable Rick Halford Alaska State Senator P.O. Box 190 Chugiak, AK 99567 The Honorable Lloyd Jones Alaska State Senator 352 Front Street Ketchikan AK 99901 The Honorable Jalmar M. Kerttula Alaska State Senator P.O. Box 1009 Palmer, AK 99645 MASTERS/LEGOUT1) The Honorable Virginia M. Collins Alaska State Senator 3111 C Street, Suite 510 Anchorage, AK 99503 The Honorable Jim Duncan Alaska State Senator P.O. Box 020690 Juneau, AK 99802 The Honorable Shirley Craft Alaska State Senator 119 N. Cushman, Suite 201 Fairbanks, AK 99701 The Honorable Steve Frank Alaska State Senator 1125 Sunset Drive Fairbanks, AK 99709 The Honorable Lyman Hoffman Alaska State Senator P.O. Box 763 Bethel, AK 99559 The Honorable Robin Taylor Alaska State Senator P.O. Box 1441 Wrangell, AK 99929-1441 The Honorable Curt Menard Alaska State Senator 165 E. 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Sharp Alaska State Representative 1015 3rd Avenue Fairbanks, AK 99701 The Honorable Fran Ulmer Alaska State Representative 1700 Angus Way Juneau, AK 99801 News Director Alaska Broadcasting Network 9200 Lake Otis Parkwa Anchorage, AK 9950 News Editor American Public Power Association 2301 M Street, NW Washington, DC 20037 News Editor Associated Press 750 W. 2nd Ave., Room 102 Anchorage, AK 99501 News Editor Chilkat Vall P.O. Box 63' Haines, AK 99827 News Editor Cooke Cablevision/Sitka 208 A Lake Street Sitka, AK 99835 News Editor Fairbanks Daily News Miner P.O. Box 70710 Fairbanks, AK 99707 Mr. Mark Turner Homer News 3482 Laniees Street Homer, AK 99603-7948 MASTERS/MEDIAL(1) News Editor All Alaska Weekly P.O. Box 70970 Fairbanks, AK 99707 Ms. Kim Fararo Anchorage Daily News P.O. Box 149001 Anchorage, AK 99514-9001 News Editor Bristol Bay Times P.O. Box 1129 Dillingham, AK 99576 News Director Chugiak/E.R. Star 16941 N. Eagle River Loop Eagle River, AK 99577 News Editor Daily Sitka Sentinel P.O. Box 799 Sitka, AK 99835 News Editor Frontiersman/Vall 1261 Seward Meridi Wasilla, AK 99687 News Editor Island News P.O. Box 19430 Thorne Bay, AK 99919 News Editor . Juneau Empire 3100 Channel Drive Juneau, AK 99801-7814 News Editor KBBI-AM 3913 Kachemak Way Homer, AK 99603 News Editor KCHU-700 AM P.O. Box 467 Valdez, AK 99686 News Editor Ketchikan Daily News P.O. Box 7900 Ketchikan, AK 99901 News Director KFSK Radio P.O. Box 149 Petersburg, AK 99833 News Director KHNS Radio P.O. Box 1109 Haines, AK 99827 News Director KIFW-TV P.O. Box 299 Sitka, AK 99835 MASTERS/MEDIAL/1) News Director KAKM-TV 2677 Providence Drive Anchorage, AK 99508-4668 News Director KBRW-AM P.O. Box 109 Barrow, AK 99723 Mr. Bob King KDLG-AM P.O. Box 670 Dillingham, AK 99576 News Director KFQD 9200 Lake Otis a Anchorage, AK 9950 News Director KHAR Radio P.O. Box 111566 Anchorage, AK 99511 Mr. Pete Van North KIAK P.O. Box 73410 Fairbanks, AK 99707 News Director KIMO-TV 2700 E. Tudor Road Anchorage, AK 99507 News Director KINY-AM/TV 1107 8th, Suite 2 Juneau, AK 99801 Mr. Roger Skold KJNP-AM/FM P.O. Box O North Pole, AK 99705 News Director KNOM-AM P.O. Box 988 Nome, AK 99762 News Director KOTZ-AM P.O. Box 78 Kotzebue, AK 99752 News Director KRBN-FM 716 Totem ig Ketchikan, 99901 News Director KSTK Radio P.O. Box 1141 Wrangell, AK 99929 News Director KTOO-TV 224 4th Street Juneau, AK 99801 MASTERS/MEDIAL(1) Mr. Chris Jarvis KJNO Radio 3161 Channel Drive, Suite 2 Juneau, AK 99801 News Editor KLAM AM P.O. Box 60 Cordova, AK 99574 News Director Kodiak Daily Mirror 1419 Selig Street Kodiak, RK 99615 News Director KPXR-FM 3700 Woodland Dr., Suite 300 Anchorage, AK 99502 News Director KSKA Alaska Pacific University 4101 University Drive Anchorage, 99504 News Director KTKN-AM 526 Steadman Ketchikan, AK 99901 News Director KTUU-TV P.O. Box 74730 Fairbanks, AK 99707 News Director KTUU-TV P.O. Box 102880 Anchorage, AK 99510 Mr. Alex Epstein News Director KTVF-TV P.O. Box 950 Fairbanks, AK 99707 Mr. Wayne Maloney News Director KYAK Radio 2800 E. Dowling Road Anchorage, 99507 News Editor Mukluk News P.O. Box 90 Tok, AK 99780 News Editor Northwest Public Power Bulletin P.O. Box 4576 9817 N.E. 54th Street Vancouver, WA 98662 Mr. John Watkins Pacific Builder & Engineer 3000 ae Way, #200 Bellevue, W. 98004 News Editor Pet Pilot P.O. Box 930 Petersburg, AK 99833 MASTERS/MEDIAL({1) News Director KTVA-TV P.O. Box 102200 Anchorage, AK 99510 News Director KUAC FM-TV University of Alaska Fairbanks, AK 99775-1420 Ms. Rhonda McBride News Director KYUK Radio P.O. Box 468 Bethel, AK 99559 News Editor Northland News P.O. Box 70710 Fairbanks, AK 99707 Ms. Marilyn Patterson Director, Constituent Relations Office of the Governor P.O. Box A Juneau, AK 99811 News Editor Peninsula Clarion P.O. Box 4330 Kenai, AK 99611 Mr. Bob Nicholl Petroleum Information P.O. Box 2278 Anchorage, AK 99510 News Editor — Seattle Post Intelligencer P.O. Box 70 Seattle, WA 98111 News Editor Seward Phoenix Log P.O. Box 89 Seward, AK 99664 News Editor The Aleutian Eagle 3933 Geneva Place Anchorage, AK 99503 News Director News Director The Nome Nugget P.O. Box 610 Nome, AK 99762 Mr. Jeff Berliner United Press International The Daily News Building P.O. Box 14-9001 Anchorage, AK 99514-9001 Ms. Mary Pat Murphy Director Media Support Center P.O. Box Juneau, AK 99811 MASTERS/MEDIAL({1) News Editor Seattle Times P.O. Box 70 Seattle, WA 98111 News Editor Skagway News P.O. Box 1898 Skagway, AK 99840 News Editor The Delta P P.O. Box 98: Delta Junction, AK 99737 News Editor The Tundra Drums P.O. Box 868 Bethel, AK 99559 Mr. Christopher Bergesen Vice President Utility Data Institute, Inc. 1700 K Si Suite 400 Washington, D.C. 20006 News Editor Wi Sentinel P.O. Box 798 Wrangell, AK 99929 News Editor Alaska Journal of Commerce Alaska Public Affairs Journal 3710 Woodland Park Drive, Suite 2100 Anchorage, AK 99517 Ms. Diane Rabb - Executive Director Rural Alaska Power Association P.O. Box 100214 Anchorage, AK 99510 MASTERS/MEDIAL/1) APPENDIX C Project Development Correspondence and Information e Biomass and Rural Economic Development Strategy Recommendations e Letter to Senator Stevens Requesting Program Support e Japan Densified Biomass Fuel Industry, Letter of Inquiry and response Page 29 MEMORANDUM State of Alaska TO: Ron Garzini DATE: September 9, 1992 hr Dave Denig-Chakroff FILE NO: Re FROM: Rick Rogers SUBJECT: Energy and Rural Economic Development As discussed this morning, the following summarizes my thoughts and recommendations for further development of rural Alaskan economies by promoting projects that use indigenous fuels such as wood, coal and solid waste. Using local fuels for energy production in rural Alaska has many direct and indirect benefits including: job creation; keeping energy dollars in the local economy; promoting “local hire" for fuel procurement for the life of the facility; serving as a catalyst in the development of resource exports; making communities more seif sufficient; reducing future state and federal energy subsidies; reducing the liability associated with tank farms and fuel spills; and reducing environmental impacts of solid waste disposal. To illustrate, we have been promoting a project in Tok that would use local sawmill residues and chipped logs to heat a new 75,000 square foot school. The project would employ a state-of-the-art, fully automated wood-fired boiler to provide heat to the school. Depending on the level of sawmill activity in the Tok area, the school district will save from $21,000 to $33,000 annually by substituting fuel oil with wood fuels. However, the school district's lack of discretionary capital means that without outside funding assistance, the school will use the status quo, fuel oil. This would be a lost opportunity for benefiting the local economy, the environment, and helping rural Alaskans help themseives. That particular project would require $500,000 in capital funds, a portion of which may be available from Federal sources. Consider these benefits of a state capital contribution to this project: e Promote "local hire” well into the next century e Direct fuel savings through fuel substitution (long-term savings for State operating budget) Additional net economic benefit to the community through import substitution Eliminate open burning of mill residues and associated air quality problems Create a local wood fuel procurement business Minimize fuel oil transport and storage risks (tank farms, our $200 million liability) Facilitate expansion of the timber industry Support “value added” processing in the timber industry Enhance markets for public and private timber Reduce logging residuals and associated beetle infestation risks Make productive use of fire-killed timber and mill waste Expand Alaska's engineering capabilities to include experience with solid fuels This is an example of a small project with far reaching benefits. There are numerous possibilities throughout the state for similar projects using locally-produced resources to produce electrical power and/or heat. While we have fostered inter-agency support for such projects from agencies such as DNR, DCRA, DEC, and the U.S. Forest Service, the lack of discretionary funds within these agencies has hampered the ability to capitalize such projects. There are some funds available from Federal programs, aimed at pollution prevention, rural economic development, renewable energy and new coal technologies. However, Federal agencies are putting increased emphasis on matching contributions from funding recipients. Some states and Canadian provinces have capitalized the development of local fuel resources with great success. The Canadian Province of Prince Edward Island has developed an entire industry based on the use of indigenous wood fuels for energy production, and includes dozens of successful installations. These were facilitated by the endowment from the PEI Energy Corporation, which provided capital assistance for conversions from oil to wood. The attached sheet shows the results of efforts by the state of Minnesota to promote locally produced wood fuels. As of 1986, over 100 public institutions in Minnesota were heated with wood. Given adequate resources, the Alaska Energy Authority could foster the development of projects that meet rural Alaska's energy needs while contributing to the economic stability and self sufficiency of communities. | would recommend the efforts be focused on adapting commercially proven technologies to rural Alaskan conditions, thus avoiding some of the pitfalls of past state efforts in promoting more developmental renewable energy technologies. Initially, supporting projects in rural communities with at least some industrial base and infrastructure, such as Tok, will increase project visibility, and provide the needed experience to move the technologies to more isolated roadiess communities with greater construction, operation and maintenance difficulties. A $750,000 capital appropriation would provide adequate seed money for AEA to facilitate the development of two or three projects that could serve as models for an expanded indigenous solid fuel program. Additionally, we could work towards a system that provides incentives for projects which use local resources, or show a contribution to future stability of communities. For example, a funding formula for state-funded capital projects, such as the new Tok school, would provide additional capital funds for design innovations that demonstrate future savings in O&M and the use of local fuel resources. This would in effect be encouraging local hire for the life of the facility. The state could serve as a leader in using local fuel resources for state owned facilities in Alaska. For example, the University of Idaho campus, in Moscow, is heated with wood waste from a central physical plant. This decision to convert to wood fuel was based on that state's commitment to use local fuels and support its local timber processing industry. States successfully using local energy resources have the common thread of aggressive public sector participation in the initial development of these projects. By helping rural communities meet their own energy needs with local resources, the Alaska Energy Authority would be making an important step towards developing the self sufficiency of communities. Attachment: Fiber Fuel Facts from Minnesota DNR OSv13-392 23:40 ZS 8e7 633 $435 SY¥LJA ENERGY TB 33 GROWTH of COMMERCIAL WOOD ENERGY USE in MINNESOTA 90, ' 1970-1975 1976-1980 1981-1985 Nov, 1984 Now. 1986. Source: Dept. of Natural Resources, Div. of Forestry \‘ OF FIBER FUEL USE ON MINNESOTA'S ECONOMY TOTM., ABDOLTIONM. ECONGHIC ACTIVITY GENERATED th os. 01.90 fowrce: Dept. of Energy and Econosic 0 >) Policy Analysis input“Oeteut Model Alaska Energy Authority A Puolic Corporation July 29, 1992 The Honorable Ted Stevens United States Senate 222 West 7th Avenue, #2 Anchorage, AK 99513-7569 and via Washington D.C. Fax, 202/224-2354 Dear Senator Stevens, | would like to thank you for your continued support for the Regional Biofuels Programs and your current efforts to include the South Tongass Wood-Fired Power Plant project in the Forest Service FY93 appropriation. Once again we would like to ask for your assistance with respect to the Regional Biofuels program. Congressional language to continue funding the Regional Biofuels Programs is contained in the current Senate Energy and Water Appropriations bill, under the heading of Solar and Renewable Energy Programs. However, the House version of the bill contains no such language. Strong support from the Senate in conference committee will be important to maintain this most productive program. The Regional Biofuels Program through the Pacific Northwest and Alaska Region, administered by Bonneville Power Administration, has been very supportive in funding and promoting projects in Alaska. It is this program that is currently providing the Alaska Energy Authority with the resources to: O initiate the South Tongass wood-fired power pliant project proposal © assist in the installation of a steam turbine at the Sitka waste-to-energy facility © assist the Fairbanks North-Star Borough in evaluating waste-to-energy as a solid waste disposal option o demonstrate wood-fired boilers at the Palmer Correctional facility O PO.BoxAM Juneau, Alaska 99811 (907) 465-3575 > AAR Be annALn FAs Ca re RA eee Ae AN EUN NALA TAN £44 7077 Senator Stevens Page 2 July 24, 1992 o assist the Alaska Gateway School District in Tok in evaluating a wood-fired boiler for their new school 0 assist numerous businesses and individuals in Alaska concerning the use of waste and biomass for energy recovery. Your support in promoting this program and ensuring the conference report contains appropriate supportive language for the Regional Bioenergy Programs is most appreciated. Suggested language to maintain the program at current levels is enclosed. Sincerely, Ronald A. Garzini, Interim Executive Director Enclosure as stated. cc: John Katz, Special Council, State/Federal Relations, Washington D.C. Senator Stevens Page 3 July 24, 1992 Suggested Conference Report Language, Appropriations for Energy and Water Development for fiscal year ending September 1993. Solar and Renewable Energy Programs, Regional Biofuels Program Funding. The managers have agreed to provide $4,500,000 to continue the existing regional biofuels program with continuing emphasis on demonstrating and transferring technologies to the private sector. The Department is directed to allocate all funds directly to the regional biofuels programs with no region receiving less than 18% of the total program funding, or not less than their FY 1992 funding level, which ever is higher. These regional programs include activities related to technology transfer, technical assistance and industry support, resource assessment and development, matching local resources to local energy needs or opportunities. In addition, managers note that the existing focus on direct combustion technologies, biomass based liquid fuels development, and waste- to-energy applications should be continued. August 20, 1992 Alaska Energy Authority 701 East Tudor Road P.O. Box 190869 Anchorage, Alaska 99578-0869 Takeji Shibata, President Japan Society of Wood-based Moided Fuels Manufacturers 3-9-3, Inari, Shimada-shi, Shizuoka Prefecture Dear Mr. Rick Rogers: — Forgive me for taking so long time to answer your letter because of my unexpected car accident. The following is a reply to your letter dated June 15. 1. Regarding sawmill residues for pellet production in Japan: Production of sawmill residues has been decreased because of reduction of Japanese internal lumbering production. It is due to increase of lumber products import from the U.S., Russia and Asian countries and also reduction of new houses construction. psa Ia not much consumption of sawmill residues for pellet production in japan. wy of sawmill residues is about 1,000 yen ($8.00) per one cubic meter 2. Almost all of the new residential construction have no pellet stoves. They almoet have electric or gas stoves. The firewoods are used for the imported stoves. They do not use wood pellet. 3. | Common heating fuels in northem part of Japanese cities are gas or oll. 4. There le no regulation for exhaust fumes at individual residence. Each of us are taking care of air pollution. 5. Since 1961, wooden fuel demand has been decreasing by around 10% every year due to import cheap oll fuel. The above is my answer to your questions. However, I'd like to have eome comments here. For increase of wooden fuel use in , | can think of two factors. One is that Japanese people should live in affluence. The other, If ee ly rises, wooden fuel Including wood pellet will be used as intial and greenhouse heating. "4 The ex-factory price of pellet in Japan Is 20,000 - 30,000 yen ($160-$240) per ton. Sincerely yours, Takeji Shibata 1 ‘ " RECEIlvep Alaska Energy Authority 701 EOST Tudor Road PO Box 190869 ALASKA ENERGY AUTHORITY Anchorage, Alaska 99519-0869 AUG 24 1990 1992€8A208 Yy? -QYV-2R AAS Re 3 TAO - 3 HAAR RBRAL RAH BSR F A tft 8 iF ” -- , GRABROROARL TEA LRRD, CBBPARANALLBSRUABLE . at. CHREOPICOWT CORRAL LIFST. 1. 3. 4. 5. Ab y BREAN AHRICOWT AAMRORERSRYLTRTBNST. MRECOMLEORMYLTATWSLL LS. PAUA, QL, MMT YTLE POMAMRARAP ML THSRY, AKAORATONAEDMYLTATS D. COROAAMORERPRILTETWS,. LPL. XV y bRGAOAAMARESLEOTEEVOTKHIZ. . AAHROGBMISMR1 mM? 4$LO1. OOOMRETT. - HRMECOND » }RPOSILHUERY. BM. FADAK-THAKBHCHS. MAAZL—T (BF) OMAIHERALTIS. KL y hlsHo THE, LA KNBHTCD-BORBMRMIH ARIST MTHS. RECS SEAAZOMMEAMIT. SACTHEL TIS. 198 1FURGMFER< MASNRELROAKRARANBBLE 1 0 CANARD ERITHS. ALI MMCONTEMERNS LRH, AKYKRAOBRCSWCHEBARCLSS VPP), 22, BMF RRLEV PS VES, PRES COMBRACARARAD SPAMMING TS CWE BWST. AKCBISNL » LOLOL Mls 1 bY SR 2 AA~3AATtT. HZROCREL KZSRESRHORLIF. BA June 15, 1992 Mr. Takeji Shibata President Japan Society of Wood-based Molded Fuels Manufacturers 3-9-3, Inari Shimoda-shi Shizuoka Prefecture 427 JAPAN Dear Mr. Shibata: The Alaska Energy Authority is investigating the potential for marketing densified wood pellet fuels in Northern Japan. The growth in sales of wood pellet fuels for use in residential pellet stoves in the U.S. has been dramatic. This growth has been in response to restrictions on the use of conventional wood burning stoves due to air emissions (pellet fuels burn much cleaner and can meet emissions standards), and also due to convenience and aesthetics associated with burning pellet fuels. The production of this product has not been established in Alaska due to our limited market base (our population is only 550,000), and the availability of low cost natural gas. However, if a viable market for Alaska produced wood pellets was developed in Japan, this industry could become established in Alaska, making use of otherwise wasted sawmill residues and low-quality timber, providing @.clean burning renewable fuel domestically and overseas. Our interest is to investigate the market for densified wood pellets in Japan. Mr. Gregory Wolf of the Alaska State Office of International trade in Tokyo, has provided me with an article you authored entitled Wood-based Densified Fuels which appeared in Farming Japan, Vol. 20 - No. 1, 1986. In this article you discuss the trend away from Ogalite and towards kerosene, electricity and gas for domestic heating, siting the consumer demands for more convenience. The U.S. has seen similar trends away from firewood, with the modern automated domestic pellet burning appliance gaining favorable consumer acceptance. | was most interested to read in the article of the aborted plans in 1981 to import pellet fuels from the U.S. for horticultural green house heating, and the difficulty in expanding markets for pellet fuels. | would be interested in getting an update on the current marketing situation for these pellets. In the U.S., the growth in pellet sales to commercial and institutional markets has also been slow. The most dramatic growth in pellet fuel sales has been in the residential sector. In April of 1991 there were an estimated 110,000 residential pellet stoves installed in the U.S. The following year an estimated 50,000 additional stoves were sold, increasing the inventory by 45% in one year. High quality pellets, containing no more than 1% ash, have gained dramatic consumer acceptance in the residential market, due to convenience and aesthetics. Currently residential users are typically paying from $120 to $140 U.S. per short ton, which is higher in cost per unit of energy than available natural gas or oil fuels. American consumers tend to have an appreciation for a hearth in the home, and the pellet stove provides this without the inconvenience or pollution associated with firewood. Has this residential market driven by the appeal of the visible flame developed with similar success in Japan ? We would be interested in your perspective on the current wood pellet industry in your country, and the potential for importing of densified wood residues to help meet demand. Information on the current quantity of wood pellets produced in Japan, and data on sales volume and price in residential, commercial and industrial sectors would be most heipful. Following are some additional questions we have: What are the available quantities and costs of sawmill residues for pellet production in Japan. Is their a shortage of sawmill residue for densified fuel production ? Are fireplaces common in new residential construction and do home buyers have a preference for a home hearth ? What are common heating fuels and prices in Northern Japan cities ? Are there serious air quality concerns that are limiting the use of fireplaces, wood stoves or charcoal stoves ? Do you feel conditions have changed sufficiently since 1981 to warrant importing of densified fuels ? Any information and insight you can provide would be most appreciated. | can be contacted by fax at 907-561-8584. With advanced notice | can have a translator available to further discuss this topic on the phone, 907-561-7877. We appreciate any help you can provide in obtaining this information as weil as any insight you might have with regard to the international trade of this product. Sincerely, Rick Rogers Development Specialist Attachment: General information on wood pellets and pellet stoves. cc: Bennette Brooks, DCED, Office of International Trade, Anchorage. Frank Seymour, Division of Business Development, Juneau. Alaska Energy Authority A Puolic Corporation 74278 & BHR, San RET BT 3 BRAM ACRRE RSH RBA, Vek =e: SSRIs? CMH RORBBVEL LET. ET. ROSH, TIRAMNTAVH-CHPRHALARCKRAMNL » bRESERT ST RHEE MN THOET. KBB TIESANL oy HAE-TFCOMADKH, AHXL y PR FORMED MPR MIL TEE UR PMH ZRMIC HS ERROR RE Ab - TORR (XL bRRELDS EO UPMRISIRA SID, PRM ABMLMIRT) M. XL 7 RA OARS, Z LCRA CH SCUVSA SBS OMMLTAELK. FIAAOMPBRORMSHTHETL, (ADK VESSHA), EMRRAABAFLEVOT MRAMHNL >» FOMMISMIZLTRH ECA. UML, BRIBOTTIRZAMAHNL » FOR FETE THB ORB CERES, CDK CERMEUSRACERRAM OFA CRRCE SCE WET. CHICK, KOMMRICRA, RENE CRBERAACBET SIO cAMcCeET. TC TPS, RSHORNIZ, BACH SRRAHOMB*METSEVSL CLOTS. FIAAHRRRBEBE, RAHEOZLAY) -DVIKAS, MMO (AMRARRE) £15722 BeRoTPEVELK. 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Alaska 99814 (907) 465-3575 mae RAR RAM ss Aa APPENDIX D Federal FY92 Bioenergy Technical Assistance Grant Application Page 30 APPL;CATION FOR : FEDERAL ASSISTANCE 1 Gairertnecial — i" Tree or qugeteeeog | 1.) 95 5: C7 Ty care neceren ev stare Saas pple Gareter D Gana i ae N/A © Consiructon : © Conewucuon 7 4 ALAGKA ENERGY 4 OATE RECHIVED GY FEDERAL AGENCY | Fenere! denutier )_Non-Conserucnon | | £D pref aytetructic DE-FG 79-848P14984 A013 Lege! Neme. Organizational Unit Alaska Energy Authority Department of Commerce & Economic Development Address (grve city, county, state. and 2p code}: Name end telephone number of the person to be contacted on matiers 701 East Tudor Road, 2nd Floor (ts eppkcation (grve area code) “ P.O. Box 190869 Patricia Woodell Anchorage, Alaska 99519-0869 (907) 561-7877 - 6 EMPLOVER IOENTIICATION NUMBER (Ree 7. TYPE OF APPLICANT: (enter appropnate letier m box) A] = ee Tel Toe) | Se SS er ee C. Muncpel J. Prete Uneversty 0. Township K Indien Tribe € weernee L indadust F. ineermumcpal M4 Prom Cxgenzsnsn G. Soecial Oigerics " Otner (Soectyy Bonneville Power Administration 11. CESCRIPTIVE TITLE OF APPLICANTS PROJECT: “ sammtececemecrorme | Tt TME Pacific Northwest and Alaska Bioenergy Program 12 AREAG AFFECTED GY PROJECT (cities, counties, states. ote. State of Alaska Technical Assistance Program Statewide 16. 1 APPLICATION SUBJECT TO REVIEW Sy STATE EXECUTIVE OROGR 12372 PROCESS? & YES TES PREAPPLICATION APPLICATION WAS MADE AVALABLE TO THE STATE @ABCUTIVE CROGR 12372 PROCESS FOR REVIEW ON: ® PROGRAM 1G NOT COVERED BY £0. 12372 (On Progaas HAs NOT BEEN SELECTED GY STATE FOR REVIEW 18. TO THE GEST OF MY KNOWLEDGE AND CELI. A11L BALA G1 THES APPLICATIONPREAPPLICATION ARE TRUE A00B CORRECT, THE SOCUMGNT HAS GEN OULY chs Mot Users Larcher 4 is 4 , Prescnded by OMB Cxcuias 4-102 *Includes 33,000 in carryover and be > $90,000 in pass through project Authorized for Local Reproduction funds. STATE OF ALASKA FEDERAL FY92 BIOENERGY TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE- GRANT APPLICATION DE-FG79-84BP 14984 A013 Submitted By: State of Alaska Department of Commerce and.Economic Development Alaska Energy Authority 701 E. Tudor P.O. Box 190869 Anchorage, Alaska 99619-0669 Submitted To: Pat Fox, Program Manager Pacific Northweet and Alaska Bioenergy Program Bonneville Power Administration P.O. Box 3621, RMG Portland, Oregon 97208 April 27, 1992 FY91GRNT.DOC State of Alaska Federal FY92 Bioenergy Technical Assistance Grant Application TABLE OF CONTENTS Il. IFOCUCTION oe essessssssececsssesececsesesesscsessscsesesscsesesesscsssesessssesscesesecssscsesesscsess A Department of Commerce and Economic Development B. Rural-Urban Energy Development Strategies. Cc. Economic Development Strategies and Biomass Use. Il. Program HiStOFy ..........cssscsssscsssssssessssecsssecsesscsecsssecscsecsesessessseesecsssessssessssecsesess A 1979-1963 Research and Development, Wood Gasification ............scsessssssesssssssees B Alaska Bioenergy Program, 1984-1991 ...........scsssssessseee PUDHC IMPOPTTIARION,........cccssessssssessessesecsesesessecsssececersecscsesscsesesesseseessees Investigation of Site Specific Biomass Development Opportunities Technology Transfer and Technical Assistance FY91GANT.DOC- ii- State of Alaska Federal FY92 Bioenergy Technical Assistance Grant Application I. Introduction A. D if Com it el in The Alaska Bioenergy Program is administered by the Alaska Energy Authority. The Energy Authority is a public corporation within the Department of Commerce and Economic Development, yet it is separate from and independert of the State. The Authority constructs, acquires, finances and operates hydroelectric and other power production projects. The Energy Authority's statutory responsibilities include evaluation of small hydro, wind, biomass, geothermal and other alternative energy opportunities. its‘ energy development activities tie in with the Department's overall goals of strengthening and diversifying Alaska's economy. The Department's major energy goal is providing energy and power to citizens of the State at the lowest, reasonable, economic, social and environmental cost. Finding solutions to high energy prices in Alaska's rural areas is one of the biggest challenges facing residents of the State. High transportation costs for heating and electrical generation fuels result in high retail fuel costs for rural communities. in many cases, rural energy costs represent close to 30 percent of annual income. Local use of wood energy, primarily for heating, provides an altemative solution to high rural energy costs. Many rural communities are located in or neer wooded areas that provide an adequate fuel supply to support conversion to wood-based energy systems. Labor intensive activites, which support the production and sale of woody biomass, have the potential to keep cash in local economies. Biomass harvesting is aleo consistent with traditional, rural life styles. The urban, *Railbek® area of Alaska includes Anchorage, the Kenai Peninsula, the Matanuska- Susitna Valley and the geographical areas to the north, including the city of Fairbanks. Use of biomass as a power generation fuel faces stiff competition in the Raiibelt, due to low-cost natural gas. in Faisbanks, coal provides the primary fuel used for electrical generation, however opportunities for using municipal solid waste, and wood waste continue to expand. Development of a residential pellet fuel and appliance industry in Alaska has the potential to duplicate the successful growth of that industry in weet coast cities. Many Raelibe communities are looking at alternatives to landfilling municipal solid waste. Several land fills will be closing within the next 5 years, with no immediate prospects for development of new sites. Opportunities for using municipal solid waste (MSW) for energy are receiving increasing attention in urben Alaska. This is caused, in part, by increasing awareness of environmental impacts and regulatory changes associated with landfills and rising tipping fees. in the case of Southeast Alaska, limited landfill space is causing communities to take a hard look at energy recovery options. In many mid-size communities, however, low MSW volumes require that FY91GRNT.doe -1- planners consider the economics of waste to energy facilities. Bark disposal problems at Southeast Alaska's pulpmills, chipmills, sawmills and log sort yards have raised a whole new set of environmental issues that will affect program direction in the years to come. These conditions indicate that identification of site-specific biomass opportunities may be the best approach for promoting commercial scale use. In many cases, Alaskans must consider scaled-down applications to suit smail, local volumes of biomass fuel. There is continued interest in establishing a forest products industry that is based on the White Spruce and Paper Birch resources in Interior Alaska. Establishing markets for lower grade timber resulting from the harvest and processing of these resources would enhance the viability of such operations. Alaska's White Spruce forests require careful management of residual siash and cull logs, which can serve as brood stock for bark beetles if left untreated. Chipping residue is one means of reducing the threat of increased timber mortality caused by beetle infestations. Green chip and wood waste markets play a key role in the success of such an industry. ang Veveroomem Actviles In the late 1970's, the State of Alaska and the U.S. Department of Energy co-funded a multi-year, wood gasification project. Costing well over one million dollars, this project focused on the development of combustion equipment that would produce low BTU gas using wood chips as a feedstock fuel. The project consisted of two major phases: (1) the purchase and modification of an off-the-shell-gasifier, and (2) the fabrication of a larger unit, designed to power a 250 kilowatt generator. This project was aimed at providing a solution to high, rural energy costs in wooded areas of the state. In 1963, the State of Alaska funded a separate research and development project. This effort included the fabrication of a wood combustor designed to fire a 3 kilowatt free-piston Stirling Engine. Like the earlier project, the State's goal was to produce low cost electricity for rural Alaskans through the use of woody biomass. ioenergy Frogram a Si Alaska has been awarded annual Department of Energy grants under the Pacific Northwest and Alaska Regional Bioenergy Program during this seven yeer period, from 1984 through 1991. The following summarizes program activities and accomplishments: In 1964 the Alaska Program initiated a quarterly newsletter titled “Bioenergy News." Published in May, August, November and February the newsletter provides current information on bicenergy- related activities within and outside of Alaska. The 29th issue of the quarterly publication was distributed in February, 1992, with a distribution of over 500. ° Investigation of Site Specific Biomass Development Opportunities. The Alaska program has completed the following projects using both in-house resources and contractors. 1985: ° Valley Sawmill Project ° Charcoal Plant Feasibility ° Analysis Juneau-Sitka Waste Wood Assessment s Wrangell Forest Products plant expansion study Biomass Inventory and Disposal Costs on State Agricultural Lands Estimation of Potential Timber Volume in the Tanana Valley Available for Wood Chip Fuel Biomass Permit Handbook Biomass Resource Assessment . 1987: . Biomass Conversion Opportunities : Biomass Resource Assessment Update. 1988: ° Ft. Wainwright Woodchipe/Coal Air Quality Analysis 1969: , Use of Mixed Fuels in Direct Combustion Systems 1990: ° Toxic and Hazardous Emissions Associated with Co-firing fuels in Direct Combustion Systems ° Metiakatia Wood Waste Disposal Options ° Alaska Sawmill and Pulp Mill Residue Assessment ° Municipal Solid Waste: A Resource Assessment for Energy Recovery in Alaska. : The design and installation of a wood-fired boiler system at the Alaska Correctional industies agricultural complex at the Paimer Correctional Facility in Sutton. On-going activities for the current flecal year include assisting the Alaska Gateway School District in evaluating wood fuels for heating a proposed new school in Tok and an investigation into the feasibility of exporting densified biomass fuels to Japan. The Alaska program has continually provided a highly visible, proactive technical assistance service to agencies, individuals and private industry. Assistance has been provided in several FY91GANT.doo -3- areas including: biomass resource availability; marketing assessments for biomass fuels and biomass-derived power and steam; evaluation of waste disposal options; information on appropriate technologies; and permitting and regulatory matters. The program promotes these services through its quarterly newsletter, Bioenergy News, and by attending conferences and trade association meetings. The program has maintained contacts with industry and agencies involved with timber management, harvesting and processing; solid waste management; air quality issues; the utility industry; and potential biomass fuel Csers, including public and commercial facilities. : Long-Term Objectives for the Development of Blomass Resources The Alaska Bioenergy Program supports the following regional program goals and objectives : ° To promote the efficient and environmentally sound use of biomass for energy and other applications in Alaska. . ° To assist in resolving institutional barriers to biomass production and use. This includes educating and providing information to policy makers who can influence resolutions to institutional problems. 7 To promote self sustaining biomass production and consumption activities in Alaska. This includes assistance to communities and businesses in determining economic, environmental and technical feasibility of projects. ° To clarify environmental resource recovery and use issues and to seek solutions to environmental problems. ° To continue technology transfer to the forest products and solid waste disposal industries. Economic, environmental and technical feasibility for industry and municipal projects are emphasized in this objective. ° To continue development and operation of a statewide institutional framework to Promote biomass development issues. The Alaska Bioenergy Program will continue working towards meeting these objectives in the coming year. To provide a framework for this, objectives are linked to specific, potential user Groups or areas: ° Baral Areas - to promote biomass to energy use by providing low-cost fuel supply ahematives to diesel and to stimulate the local economy through the sale of biomass products, primary for heating fusis. 7 Public and Private institutions - to encourage the development of small and mid-sized commercial wood heating projects in institutional buildings. ° Industry - to promote the use of biomass for energy by increasing industry access to technical, financial and other information; and to identify waste for energy opportunities which result from disposal of wood harvesting or sawmill waste. ° Municipaiities - to promote the use of biomass as a residential or commercial energy fuel, assist in providing environmentally-sound alternatives to disposal of wood waste FYS1GANT.doe -4- and municipal solid waste in municipal land fills and explore opportunities for co-burning biomass and other fuels. IV. Statement of Work This statement of work covers the period July 1, 1992 - June 30, 1993. These dates correspond with the State of Alaska's fiscal year. In the coming fiscal year, the Alaska Program will continue to participate in the core activities described in previous amendments to this grant. These activities, which are listed below, incorporate the responsibilities that have traditionally been required by the Bonneville Power Administration. annual and national planning meetings, writing statements of work for regional Requests for Proposal, and general support for Bonneville Power Administration's position in the National Program. Participating in Task Force and/or policy group meetings Assisting in the preparations for the annual, National Bioenergy Conference Participating in working committees with other Task Force members for the purpose of planning and executing regional strategies to promote the use of biomass as an energy resource Preparing materials or plans for the annual, Northwest Region planning meeting Reviewing and providing written comments on regional Requests for Proposal and participating in regional evaluation committees Briefing Bonneville Power Administration Program Manager and the Regional Task Force on in-state policies, activities and technical information of interest to the Regional Program 2 Infermation and Technology Transfer Information and technology transfer activities are aimed at specific target audiences that have strong potential for initiating biomass to energy development projects. Technology transter activities include research and publication of data on biomass resource availabilty and on opportunities for using biomass as an energy resource. They also include supporting state and local planning efforts that match biomass energy resources with potential consumers. FY91GRNT.doo FY91GRNT.doc Deliverables Monitoring and reporting on biomass energy conversion projects or applications that are initiated in-state. Reports will be included in quarterly project reports to Bonneville Power Administration. Attending trade association or other meetings of forest products or waste management organizations, promoting the Regional Program at these meetings through displays or distribution of information, and reporting on meeting results in the quarterty project reports. Publishing a quarterly newsletter for the forest products and waste management industries in Alaska. Supplying information and articles for publication in BIOLOGUE, the Program Yearbook, journals and trade association publications. Providing project reports and other program information to state and federal agencies for distribution. Publishing an annual report describing Alaska Program activities and accomplishments during the past fiscal year. Continuing to serve as the regional technical information center for biofuels co- firing and toxic and hazardous emissions associated with co-firing of mixed fuels. oo Technical Assistance Activities in this area promote the use of biomass fuels by providing direct assistance or specialized research support to companies, individuals or municipalities interested in exploring new projects or expanding existing biomass energy facilities. Work in this area includes assessment of resources, markets, economics, and technologies applicable to specific projects. Assistance with permit information, financing, and state and federal statutes and regulations is also provided. A description of technical assistance requests and key technical assistance activities will be provided in each quarterly project report to Bonneville Power Administration. The Program will promote its technical assistance services and actively seek Opportunities to provide support to companies, municipalities, individuals, organizations and others interested in developing biomass energy projects. A report on these efforts will be provided in each quarterly project report to Bonneville Power Administration. 4. Interagency Coordination This area includes developing and maintaining contacts with state and federal agencies to promote mutual awareness of goals and activities that affect the Bioenergy Program. Interagency coordination focuses on contacts with Task Force members, members of other Regional Bioenergy Programs, and in-state land management, environmental and economic development agencies. Deliverables - Interagency contacts and coordination activities will be described in quarterty Project reports to Bonneville Power Administration. : Letters will be written to agencies responsible for resource planning, permitting, economic development or other activities. These letters will recommend incentives or comment on activities that affect the development and use of biomass resources. - Coordination with other agencies on projects of mutual benefit or coordination of information resources that affect the development and use of biomass projects. 5. Institutional Barriers This area focuses on identifying state regulatory requirements and procedures that affect the development and use of forest and mill residues, non-commercial stands of timber, and municipal solid waste as energy options. This area also includes identification of environmental impacts and tradeoffs associated with using biomass energy fuels, and recommending solutions consistent with state environmental policies and laws. : Activities mitigating institutional barriers will be included in quarterly project reports to Bonneville Power Administration. Information will include: - Review and comment on new state or federal regulations affecting the use of biomass as an energy resource. : Description of state legisiation, policies or procedures that affect the use of biomass as an energy resource. : A summery of contacts with organizations, agencies, or individuals in this work area, Field Projects Sutton Wood-Fired Bolter As part of this year's project activities, the Alaska Program will complete the 12 month monitoring phase of the wood-fired boiler demonstration project initiated in 1990. The system monitoring will provide information on system performance, operation and FY91GRNT.doe -7- FY91GRNT.doo maintenance costs, and fuel savings. This information will be included in a final report on the project. The report will be distributed to local governments, school districts, public facility design and management personnel, and other potential small commercial and institutional wood fuel users. Oeliverables Quarterly Project Status Summaries on the progress of this project will be Provided to Bonneville Power Administration as part of the quarterly reports. - A final project report written for potential users of similar smail commercial wood- fired systems, including a proactive technology transfer effort through publicity and distribution. Tok School Woed Heat Development As part of Federal FY 91 activities, the Alaska Program is currently developing a pre- feasibility study to evaluate a whole tree chip-fired heating system in the proposed new school in Tok, Alaska. Local sawmill owners, the superintendent of the school district, the school district engineer and the facility design architect have all expressed an interest in using wood fuels. information on resource availability; estimated fuel consumption and costs; system design options; capital and O&M costs; and contribution to the local economy will provide decision makers and facility design personnel with an improved understanding of the wood fuel option and determine the viability of such a system based on its merits. Project results will be published in a final report, and distributed to school board members; facility design personnel; local chamber of commerce officiais; timber management and regulatory agencies; local sawmill owners and loggers; and owners of local standing timber resources. Providing project economics and school district support are favorable, the program will continue work in FY 92 to facilitate development of this project, including evaluating financing altematives. $ 17,000 of carry over funds would be committed to assist the school district with the capital investment necessary to develop the project. Deliverables : Quarterly Project Status Summaries on the milestones and progress of this project will be provided to Bonneville Power Administration as part of the Quarterly reports. - An Annual Report summarizing project results and providing a description of the Project will be published upon completion. Interior Rali-BeR Wood-Weste The Alaska Bioenergy program has supported past efforts to evaluate and develop potential markets for low quality timber. and wood-waste in the raiibelt interior region of the state. A 1986 report entitled Estimation of Potential Timber Volume in the Tanana Valley Available for Wood Chip Fuel, evaluated standing timber volumes and estimated fuel chip production costs in the Fairbanks area. A 1986 test burn at the Fort Wainwright evaluated the feasibility of co-firing wood chips with coal at area power piants. -8- FY91GRNT.doo Since the time of those studies, improved overseas demand for softwood round logs has resulted in increased timber harvest activity on private lands, particularty in the Nenana area, SO miles south of Fairbanks. Rough estimates indicate that from 6,000 to 10,000 bone dry tons of non-exportable pole timber is currently in log decks in the Nenana area. This material constitutes a fire hazard and has the potential to contribute to the spread of bark beetles. The forest products industry in the interior of Alaska is in its infancy, and has significant growth potential. The establishment of residual wood fuel production and delivery infrastructure and markets earty on in the industry's development, will encourage the use of this material to meet the regions growing energy needs. The Alaska Bioenergy program has the opportunity to promote the use of this material for fuel through a cooperative effort with the forestry division of the Tanana Chiefs Conference, Inc. This cooperative effort will include the following: ° a resource assessment to evaluate the current and anticipated availability of non- export logs for cordwood or fuel chips “ ° an estimate of the cost and availability of cordwood and chips produced from this resource by a proposed Alaska Native owned wood fuel enterprise - Quarterly Project Status Summaries on the progress of this project will be Provided to Bonneville Power Administration as part of the quarterly reports. final project report written to make project findings available to potential and end users of this wood fuel resource. i FY91GRNT.doo Thorne Bay Wood Waste Project Description Thorne Bay, Alaska, is an island community of approximately 700 residents on Prince of Wales Island in Southeast Alaska. Once a logging camp for Operations supporting the Ketchikan Pulp Company's (KPC) timber harvest operations, the community obtained the status of a city in 1982. The majority of residents rely on the activities of KPC for their livelihoods. The majority of logs harvested by KPC are transported to Thome Bay via road or water to the Thorne Bay sort yard, which sorts and scales approximately 200 MMBF of logs annually. Wood waste from this sorting activity poses an ever increasing disposal difficulty. Open buming and landfilling for over 20 years have contributed to poor air quality, possible groundwater contamination and problems with spontaneous combustion. The landfill is due to fill up late in 1992, and it is unclear what disposal requirements and costs will be for a new landfill. ° The community is also having a MSW landfilling crisis, and will have to close its existing municipal landfill, which is located on Federal land, by July of 1993. This may present an Opportunity for co-firing wood-waste and MSW. The City of Thorne Bay owns and operates its own electric utility, served by diesel generators. increasing loads necessitate the need for more power production capacity. Thome Bay is not interconnected to other communities, although the Alaska Energy Authority (AEA) has proposed a 31 mile line extension to the intertied communities of Klawock and Craig in its 1992 state capital budget appropriation request, a project estimated at a cost of $3 to $4 million. The Energy Authority, and Alaska Power and Telephone, a private utility serving Craig, have conducted separate evaluations of a 4.5 Mw hydroelectric site at Black Bear lake and two other hydro sites near Hydaburg. Those projects, f developed, could serve Thome Bay via the proposed Thome bay to Klawock line. The Alaska Bioenergy program has promoted the concept of a stand-alone wood-waste fired power plant in Thome Bay, to serve Thome Bay, Craig and Klawock via the Proposed intertie. The concept has received strong support from City officials and community members in Thome Bay, the U.S. Forest Service and the Department of Environmental Conservation. Further evaluation of the wood waste project concept will allow equitable comparisons of costs and environmental impacts between the alternative power generation sources, diesel and hydro. Qverali Project Scope AEA's development concept for this project is in line with emphasis towards privatization of power systems. Phase | will entail a feasibility and project concept phase that will answer important Questions conceming siting, fuel availability, plant size and specifications, power sales, permit requirements, air emissions control, and ash disposal. Phase |! will involve evaluating study information to determine the level of agency Participation required to move the project forward, and the extent of private sector interest in developing the project. The state will need to contribute capital for intertie -10- FY91GRNT.doo construction. Additional state participation will likely take the form of a guaranteed Power purchase agreement. Phase lil will include securing public funding, developing power sales agreements, preparing an RFP based on the build, own and operate concept, and selecting of private project participants. Phase IV will involve the actual construction, start up and operation of the facility. Phase | We The scope of work proposed for this project is to complete phase |, the feasibility study. Portions of the study may be prepared by AEA, U.S. Forest Service and Department of Environmental Conservation staff, although it is anticipated that much of the work will be completed by a contractor. The study will be tailored to seek alternate energy markets for the wood-waste on a regional basis in the event financing for the Thome Bay- Klawock transmission line does not materialize. 1. Analysis of Fuel Supply The fuel supply analysis will investigate both short and long term (20 year) wood fuel availability to the project from a multitude of sources including sort yard waste, landing slash, and off-isiand residue deliverable by barge. Estimates of the quantity, characteristics, and cost of prepared fuels from all sources will be included. The long term fuel supply analysis will include factors such as the level of harvest activity on the Tongass National Forest, potential for future competitive markets for wood waste (such as Kraft Pulp markets for cedar logs), and possible changes in the flow of logs over the Next 20 years. 2. Siting The study will recommend a proposed site for the facility with considerations for: site development costs; make up water, cost to access transmission line; environmental! impacts including air quality, water quality and noise; proximity to fuel supply from uplands and tidewater; land ownership and land use designations; and proximity to market for steam. 3. Concept Design Electrical A concept design that maximizes power sales from the facility, while recognizing the superiority of diesel generators in load following will be prepared. Remote diesels with automated diepeich may be necessary to serve peak loads. Plant design, cost estimates and performance criteria, suitable for use in preparing of an RFP for independent power producers will be prepared. Mechanical A mechanical concept design including fuel handling, preparation and storage, boiler feed water system, boiler design, flue gas control and ash handling will be prepared. The concept design will also consider the viability of co-firing portions of the municipal waste stream. The concept design will include cost estimates and performance criteria suitable for use in preparing an RFP for independent power producers. -11- FY91GRNT.doo 4. Environmental Analysis This portion of the project will address environmental issues including: stack emissions and Clean Air Act compliance; ash-fill siting and design criteria (or alternative means of ash disposal); air emissions from fuel dryer, if applicable; and water quality impacts. The study will also discuss the avoided impacts of reduced landfilling, open burning, fuel oil transport and storage, and generation of power via diesel internal combustion units. If determined to be necessary for permitting and if adequate funds are available, the study will include the collection of baseline air quality data. 5. Economic Analysis The study will include an economic analysis of the project which includes estimates of Capital cost, operations and maintenance costs,and fuel costs for the life of the project. This analysis will address the level of State and Federal funding needed to arrive at a target Kwh power rate. The target power rate will be a rate determined to be competitive with alternative costs of wholesale power. The economic analysis can be used for comparative studies with hydro and diesel power generation. Proposed Budget Preliminary budget estimates and pending leveraged funding for the phase | feasibility study are as follows. The Energy Authority will confirm a minimum 1 to 1 ratio of leveraged funds to the $40,000 in regional program funds before project begins. Wii eel oa alll ee | for Stud Evaluation ve Foe eee | em conmtouten [ emrecren [Feces | cash contribution [ eerwnevs | Peteccar | | cash contribution Resources 1. Alaska. Department of Environmental Conservation through City of Thome Bay, pending. - 2. This pending contribution would be in addition to matching funds pledged to the Bioenergy program on optional form 60. 3. The Alaska Bloenergy Program Manager will manage the project. Personal services and travel costs for this position are funded through the grant funds from BPA under the Bioenergy Program. Indirect costs associated with this position are paid for by AEA as contributing matching funds in support of the BPA grant. -12- FY91GRNT.doc Deliverables Quarterly Project Status Summaries on the progress of this project will be Provided to Bonneville Power Administration as part of the quarterly reports. A final project report including discussion of items 1 through 5 as outlined in the phase | scope of work. ° Fairbanks Waste-to-Energy Project description The Fairbanks North Star Borough (FNSB), with solid waste management responsibilities for Fairbanks and outlying areas, has been struggling to find a solution to a very difficult solid waste management problem. The Borough currently operates a bale and landfill facility that will be completely full in four to five years. While efforts have been made to select a site for a new landfill, wetlands regulations, shallow water tables, discontinuous permafrost and other siting difficulties have delayed any final determination of a suitable site. The Borough has been disappointed with efforts by two local firms to reduce volume entering the landfill by the production of dROF fuels. These poorly capitalized efforts have not successfully diverted any significant quantities of waste from the landfill. Results of recycling efforts have been dismal, with markets for most materials unable to justify shipment. For example, currently corrugated cardboard is a break even Proposition, with a $60 per ton shipping cost to Smurfit in the Northwest. In addition to the Borough's MSW problems, the city-owned Fairbanks Municipal Utility System's waste water treatment facility has no approved means of disposing of sewage sludge. Sludge is being bek press dried and stockpiled, and is a separate but equally difficuk waste disposal problem that could benefit from a waste-to-energy (WTE) facility. The Borough assembly has been approached by several experienced, private firms interested in developing a waste-to-energy facility in Fairbanks. Proposals have varied from modular mass burn units, to retrofits of coal spreader stokers for dedicated dROF combustion and fluidized bed combustion with a front end material recycling facility. Power production estimates for the waste-burning facilities have ranged as high as 7.5 Mw. Conceptual siting indicates a location adjacent to the city's wastewater treatment plant may be logical, as sludge solids could be processed and the facility's 1 Mw load could be directly served. Ballpark figures for tipping fees of around $70/ton have been aired by potential developers. Landfilling in compliance with new federal regulations is likely to be costly, and a WTE facility may have favorable economics. Fairbanks is Certainly the most promising prospect for the development of a sizable WTE facility in Alaska. Power production in Fairbanks is primarily coal-fired (78%), with power plants owned by Golden Valley Electric Association and Fairbanks Municipal Utility Systems. Wholesale power is also wheeled across AEA's Anchorage-Fairbanks Intertie from Chugach Electric Association in Anchorage. The Fairbanks utilities also maintain diesel standby capacity. Both of the Fairbanks electrical utilities have indicated a willingness to purchase power from a WTE facility, although no firm prices or power sales agreements have been developed. While surplus power is available to the Fairbanks utilities from the -13- FY91GRNT.doo Anchorage-Fairbanks line, the utilities are interested in locally-generated power to reduce dependence on this vital link. In addition to this incentive, several of these utilities' thermal plants are aging, and new capacity would be welcome. On the downside, Fairbanks is a non-attainment area for carbon monoxide emissions. The federal Clean Air Act will mandate the use of oxygenated transportation fuels by fall of 1992. The ability to permit a new point source for CO in Fairbanks is uncertain; however, if a WTE facility were to offset coal combustion this would not become asnajor factor. Ice fog is also a problem in winter months, and could be adversely affected by steam cooling towers and stack emissions. The Alaska bioenergy program's support of the Borough's efforts to evaluate WTE on equal footing with landfilling is in keeping with current DOE emphasis on development and commercialization of biomass energy facilities. While it is uncertain whether WTE will be the preferred alternative, support for the study will ensure this option is given a fair consideration and could lead to the development of a multimillion dollar WTE facility with up to 7.5 Mw of capacity. “ Scope of Work DOE funding received for this project would be passed through to the FNSB in the form of a $25,000 grant. The funds would contribute to the preparation of a comprehensive solid waste plan to identify the most cost-effective method or combination of methods for dealing with disposal of solid waste. The total cost of the study is estimated at $150,000, and would include a review of waste-to-energy, landfilling, composting and recycling technologies. . The grant to the FNSB will be conditional on the Borough including evaluation of mass bur and RDF technologies with energy recovery alternatives in the larger study. In addition FNSB would be required to submit status reports on the project to AEA, and include AEA input in the proposal preparation, evaluation and report review stages. A $25,000 contribution from the Regional Bioenergy Program would ensure that the waste-to-energy option is given a thorough evaluation, and would lend support and credibility of WTE as an economic, environmentally and technologically sound option for solid waste disposal. As landfilling has been the traditional ‘status quo’ for solid waste disposal in Fairbanks, it is likely that further delays in an evaluation will result in a new landfill “by default. To promote WTE, it is important that the process move forward quickly. -14- FY91GRNT.doo Proposed Budget Preliminary budget estimates are as follows: | ______——~*FundingSource _—s«itf Source | ——s—Dollars—| Regional Bioenergy Program Grant to NSO for $25,000 eS Services for Stud Boroug Services for Stud Alaska Bioenergy Program Grant Existing Administration, Resources YTO cts DDO * * The Alaska Bioenergy Program Manager will manage the project. Personal services costs for this position would be funded through the July 1992 - June 1993 grant request to BPA. Indirect costs associated with this position are paid for by AEA as contributing matching funds in support of the BPA grant. Proposed Project Milestones The following project milestones are included in the Fairbanks WTE project time line, appendix 2. 1. Obtain resolution or other confirmation of the FNSB appropriation of funds towards the solid waste management planning project. (6/01/92). 2. Prepare and initiate grant to FNSB with specific requirements for WTE evaluation. (7/01/92). 3. AEA to provide input to FNSB during development of solid waste pian. (7/01 - 9/01). 4. Draft report issued and comments prepared by AEA and peer review. (9/01-9/15/92). 5. Final report submitted by FNSB to AEA. (10/01/S2). Deliverables : Quarterly Project Status Summaries on the progress of this project will be provided to Bonneville Power Administration as part of the quarterly reports. - A final report of solid waste management recommendations as prepared for FNS8. -15- FY91GRNT.doo Sitka Waste-to-Energy Co-generation Project description This project is aimed at promoting the environmentally sound and efficient use of MSW for energy through increased energy recovery efficiency and cost effective operation of an existing waste-to-energy facility. The project will also serve to demonstrate the use of a small-scale back pressure turbine, that has direct application at facilities generating steam from other biomass fuels such as wood waste and hospital waste. The City-Borough of Sitka owns a mass burn municipal solid waste incinerator which disposes of 25 tons of MSW and sewage sludge per day. The facility is operated by Sheldon Jackson Community College and recovers steam for heating campus facilities via a district heating system. Boilers are currently rated to 150 psig and are operating at 30 psig, producing an average of 4,000 pounds of saturated steam per hour. The incinerator produces steam for 166 hours per week. Preliminary estimates indicate a 100 Kwh in-house demand for power. Increasing steam pressures to 150 psig and installing a back pressure turbine would resuk in power savings of about $23,160 annually, reducing power purchases and demand charges for 289,500 Kwh annually. 30 psig exhaust steam would be available to meet the existing campus heating requirements. The City-Borough has identified several other capital improvements for the facility, including adding a larger capacity electrostatic precipitator, to provide redundancy in the flue gas handling system, and other state-of-the-art pollution control systems. In addition to the energy production benefits, the turbine-generator project will reduce the costs of operating the facility, improving the ability of the City-Borough to finance the implementation of these other air quality related improvements. Specific recommendations for facility improvements are contained in the attached draft report entitied incinerator Operating Measures Study, prepared for the City-Borough by RW Beck and Associates, appendix 3. Page 18 of the draft summarizes cost payback estimates for the turbine-generator portion of the project proposed for regional funding. Scope of Work $25,000 in funds from the Regional Bioenergy Program would be passed through to the City-Borough of Sitka via a grant agreement conditional on successful completion of the turbine-generator installation and start-up. The project will include system design, financing, installation and start up of a smail steam turbine-generator rated at approximately 50 Kw, including all associated wiring and controle. Under the grant agreement between AEA and the City-Borough of Sitka, AEA will have the opportunity to provide input in the design phase, and final payment will be conditional upon successful completion and operation of the project. The City will be required to maintain records on operations, maintenance and plant electricity purchases, which will be used to promote similar cost-effective power production from low pressure steam at other facilities. -16- FY91GRNT.doc Proposed Bud Preliminary budget estimates are as follows: Regional Bioenergy Program Turbine- $25,000 Generator purchase (partia City-Borough of Sitka $ 205,000 * The Alaska Bioenergy Program Manager will manage the project. Personal services costs for this position are funded through the grart from BPA under the Bioenergy Program. Indirect costs associated with this position are paid for by AEA as contributing matching funds in support of the BPA grant. Proposed Project Milestones The following project milestones are included in the Sitka WTE co-generation project time line, appendix 3. 1. Obtain written resolution or other confirmation from Sitka of funding commitment for the turbine installation project. (Completed, see attached). 2. Prepare and initiate gramt to Sitka for $25,000 towards purchase of a turbine a oo eee eee 3. Review Sktka's project development plan for project. (8/01/92). 4. Procurement and tum key contract. (9/01-10/31). 5. Procurement and shipping, Sitka. (10/31-03/15/93). 6. Installation. (09/1 5-03/30/93). 7. Start up and shakedown. (4/01/93-4/15/93) 8. Final inspection by AEA (5/01/93). 9, Performance monitoring (5/93-4/94). 10. Project final report (6/94). -17- Deliverables : Quarterly Project Status Summaries on the progress of this project will be Provided to Bonneville Power Administration as part of the quarterly reports. A final project summary to be used to transfer similar technology to other applicable projects in the Pacific Northwest and Alaska. Reporting The Alaska Program will provide quarterly project reports to Bonneville Power Administration. These reports will describe activities and progress in completing the deliverables described in the paragraphs above. The Annual Report will summarize Program activities, as well as evaluate issues and problems the Program has experienced over the past year. The Arinual Report will list ail publications and reports completed from Program inception to date. Quarterly accounting reports will be prepared by Alaska Energy Authority's accounting section. The new Financial Status Report and the Request for Advance or Reimbursement forms will be used in accordance with current program procedures. Deliverables FY91GRNT.doo - Quarterly project reports will be sent to the Bonneville Power Administration Project Manager no later than the last day of September, December, March and June. : Quarterly accounting reports will be sent to the Bonneville Power Administration Project Manager no later than the last. day of October, January, April and the September following completion of the grant period on June 30, 1993. - An extension will be requested for the April-June 1993 accounting period to allow for year-end accounting transactions (processing in July and August) to be included in the final quarter's Financial Status Report. - The Annual Report will be sent to the Bonneville Power Administration project manager no later than August 31, 1993. Conclusion The program will work to facilitate project development for targeted areas of opportunity. Strong emphasis will be placed on technology and information transfer in the coming year. The Pacific Northwest and Alaska Bioenergy Program has a strong research foundation that can benefit the forest products and waste disposal industries. This year's effort will be focused on communicating the availability of information and technical assistance services to potential users. The FY92 program will focus resource, market and feasibility assessments on specific subject areas which have considerable potential for project development. These inciude development of MSW-to-Energy in Fairbanks, wood-waste to energy in Thome Bay, identitying wood-waste markets in the railbelt interior, and promoting and supporting the -18- FY91GRNT.doo development of a wood-fired boiler project in Tok. The program will suppor development of a back pressure steam turbine project at the MSW incineration facility in Sitka, and work to identify and develop additional! projects with attractive economics and environmental benefits. “e -19- APPENDIX | Financial Description This Appendix presents an overall summary of how new federal funding, carry over funding and state match will be budgeted for the July 1, 1992-June 30, 1993 grant period. Budget estimates are summarized in the table below: Project Carry Qver = New Federal State Match Program Administration $75,000 $44,960 Tok School, Wood Heat $17,000 Interior Railbelt Wood Waste $10,000 (Nenana) Technical Assistance $ 6,000 Thome Bay Wood Waste ; $40,000 Fairbanks MSW to Energy $25,000 Sitka Co-Generation $25,000 Total $33,000 $165,000 $44,960 New Federal Funding New federal funding will be used to cover labor, labor overhead and travel costs associated with administering the Alaska program. Program administration covers not only management of core activities described on pages 5-7, but also oversight of and research assistance on the projects described on pages 7-17. Travel activities are described in more detail in optional form 60 attachment |, and generally include three areas: (1) attendance at regional task force and annual planning meetings, (2) travel to the annual, national bioenergy conference and to industry meetings, and (3) in-state travel in support of specific biomass projects and technical assistance requests. Carry Over Funding At the time of this application, the Alaska program has one final quarter to complete in the budget period for the current grant yeer. Based on expenditures to date and projected remaining costs for the final quarter, federal carry over funds are estimated at $33,000. Carty over funds ere available as a result of the following: (1) labor and labor overhead charges to the program were lees than anticipated in the current grant year, (2) the travel requirements in support of regional task force meetings that would have resulted in substantial out-of-state travel costs were less than expected, and (3) a September 23, 1991, revised OS 60 request to expend $9,129 in carry over funds from the FY91 grant year are still pending BPA's approval. At this time, we would like to request Bonneville Power's approval to carry over $33,000 in FY91 funding. This amount includes the $9,129 that is still pending from our earlier request. Carry over funds will be used to support the activities described in the summary budget above, and in more detail on pages 8-9 and in optional form 60 attachment |. FY91GRNT.doo -20- In September, 1992, when the Energy Authority completes its fiscal year-end accounting adjustments, a revised Optional Form 60 will be prepared. This budget revision will show actual carry over funds available for use in FY92, and the $33,000 estimate will be adjusted accordingly. State Match An in-kind match of $44,960 in overhead support services will be based on a contribution in state funds from the Energy Authority's Rural Programs Directorate. As in the previous year, funds for in-kind match will be set aside from a state appropriation that supports the Energy Authority's technical assistance activities in rural areas of the state. The Energy Authority's overhead rate is established at the beginning of each state fiscal year (July 1), and it is based on previous years’ general administrative costs, adjusted to reflect current-year projections. General administrative expense (indirect costs) is composed of two elements: (1) payroll costs associated with accounting, word processing and administrative staff supporting the bioenergy program, and (2) non-payroll costs such ag office rent, telephone, postage, office supplies, general legal services and general Board of Directors travel. A fixed percentage rate is applied to the Development Specialist I's direct payroll and direct labor overhead charges as these charges are generated each month. The Energy Authority's Fy92 overhead rate for the bioenergy program will be 68%, similar to last year's. This comes to a total contribution of $44,960 against $75,000 in new federal funds. Since a minimum match of $37,500 is required by the program, the effective over head rate is 57%. Summary The following Option Form 60 provides a line tem breakdown of how new federal funds, carry over funds and state match will be used during the coming grant period. For easy reference, each line is labeled to show how the proposed use of funds ties into the table above. FY91GRNT.doo -21- APPENDIX E Current Industry-Related News Articles Page 31 Winter gas plan finds foes in Vailey The Associated Press Barbara Lacher said at a meeting this from filling up with non-oxygenated PALMER — A bid to force Bay week. gas, while there. stations just north of Anchorage to sell The oxygenated fuel must be sold in But Mat-Su assembly members only oxygenated fuel this winter jg Anchorage ‘and Fairbanks from Nov. 1 strongly protested that Valley resi- drawing fire from some members of to March 1 in order for those cities to dents shouldn’t be held financially the Matanuska-Susitna Borough As- meet federal clean-air standards. The responsible for environmental prob- sembly. gas io - additive that reduces ee Ce a ial ‘n carbon monoxide emissions. “Jt is the municipality 0 nchorage Bg er assembly me ee push But oil companies say they will ship and the Fairbanks, borough that are in ing the fuel ‘yhich burns cleaner than the fuel throughout the state except the jeopardy of losing, their federal funds normal gasoline but costs up to Kenai Peninsula to reduce their distri- if they don’t comply,” Lacher said. tents a gallon more bution costs. “That does not mean the Mat-Su bor- ; : Anchorage Mayor Tom Fink urged ough must comply.” “7 think that this assembly should oil companies to sell only oxygenated ‘Assemblywoman Mary Geist has take a position that the more expen- fuel in the Valley because many resi- suggested a meeting with Fink and sive gas not be the only gas produced dents commute into Anchorage to work other mayors in the Southcentral Clean for this community,” Assemblywoman and to discourage Anchorage residents Air Authority. Wood-derived Ethanol Could Cut Pollution and Oil Imports Wood and Wastepaper Could Fill Your Tank Th YOU TIVE in Phoenix, Denver, or con Milwaukee, vou may already be droog car with fiel derived from Middle Pastern otband Midwestern enn Focediee an pollution in about 25 Majer cities The recent federal clean atr lec dation means that people in these Nhe hase even mere clean-burn toy toebowithin five vears \ casoline ethanol blend, gasohol, concednee beth an pollution problems hootecanel the country’s dependence cov torenyumail Phe blended fuel which P10 percent ethanal, has the added whvontaye ob emitting, less carbon diox- wh ayas thatcontributes to global Commony, than gasoline alone \ithonssh mostot the ethanol in obobnow comes trom fermenting Cop enam, saentists are eyeing, the Tonted States Lane supply of wood reload Wastes as raw materials that wohl be converted to ethanol accord tig te Phomas fetiries. a microbtotogist voth the FOS Department ot | \eeuttames borest Products | B-Wolfgang Hoffmann Poboratony in Madisen and the | University of Wisconsin Madison bac: The United States could turn a year’s supply of its excess paper waste— about 50 million tons — into enough ethanol to cut | tonology departinent oil imports by about 2 percent, says microbiologist Thomas Jeffries. | | stimed on page Forest Health Management Plan Western Kenai Peninsula & Kalgin Island Message from the State Forester The spruce bark beetle has killed trees on more than 700,000 acres on the Kenai Peninsula since 1970, and the number of infested acres is rising steadily. The Division of Forestry could take the easy way out and let nature take its course, but this might be the most expensive approach in the long run. Allowing the infesta- tion to continue its spread could re- sult in catastrophic fires, damage to fisheries, loss of attractive scenery, injuries and damage caused by fall- ing trees, and reduced value of for- ested lands. One of the division's most important responsibilities is to help landowners protect their forests from pests, dis- ease and fire. Although we have the technical expertise to do this, we are asking the public to guide us in how and where to best use our expertise. We understand the many roles that forests play in the lives of Alaskans, from aesthetic, to economic, to recre- ational. We also know that strate- gies for preventing or suppressing beetle activity vary depending on many factors such as location, own- ership, objectives for the forest and the level of infestation. Asa way to involve the public in developing strategies and alterna- tives for improving forest health on the Kenai we have formed a Forest Health Working Group. The division will use the advice and information from this group, as well as from the public, in preparing a Forest Health Management Plan for the western Kenai Peninsula and Kalgin Island. I encourage you to work with us in this effort to restore our forests to a healthy condition. 77 ~ L626 “ce CA Malcolm R. “Bob” Dick Alaska State Forester Who will prepare the management plan? Planning Team: Division of For- estry and U.S. Forest Service staff with expertise in forestry, entomol- ogy, natural resource management, geograhic information systems and public information. Planning team members will write the plan. Policy Group: Major land owners and managers within the planning area. Policy group members generally have the authority to choose what options and recommen- dations (if any) to implement on land they own or manage. Members are: Bob Dick, DNR, State Forester Dan Doshier, Kenai National Wildlife Refuge Manager Marty Epstein, University of Alaska, Land Management Director Don Gilman, Kenai Peninsula Borough Mayor Carl Marrs, Cook Inlet Region, Inc. Bruce Oskolkoff, Ninilchik Native Association President Dick Troeger, Kenai Peninsula Borough Planning Director Working Group: An advisory committee of state and federal agen- cies, land managers, private land- owners and others interested in for- est health on the Kenai. The work- ing group will meet regularly throughout the spring. The public is encouraged to attend and participate see Management Plan, page 2 Forest Health Management Plan The Alaska State Legislature appro- priated $450,000 to the Division of Forestry in 1991 to develop a “forest pest infestation management plan.” Recognizing that pest problems are often a symptom of poor forest health, the division plans to look at ways to improve the condition of forests in general, as a means of preventing and suppressing infesta- tions. The division is beginning on the Kenai Peninsula, but hopes to expand the effort to other parts of the state. The first step in this project is to complete a Forest Health Manage- ment Plan for the western Kenai Peninsula and Kalgin Island. The plan will identify: * areas infested by the spruce bark beetle, * causes of the infestation, * effects on the forest, and * prevention and suppression options for landowners. Specific actions will be the responsi- bility of individual landowners and managers. The plan will be com- pleted by July 1, 1992. What would you like to see in this newsletter? We welcome your suggestions or requests for information. Do you have something to submit—a short article, suggested readings, an opinion? Please send it to: Pete Buist Department of Natural Resources Division of Forestry P.O. Box 107005 Anchorage, Alaska 99510-7005 What's bugging Alaska's forests? ead (si Beetle facts and figures ® Spruce bark beetles most often infest Sitka, white and Lutz spruce (white/Sitka hybrid). They attack black spruce only rarely. © Because beetles live in the thin phloem (growing) layer between the bark and the wood, the wood is un- damaged by the beetles and useable for for construction for some time. ® Beetles emerge from infested trees and fly to new host trees from mid-May until mid-July (when tem- peratures are above 60° F). They lay eggs in galleries constructed be- neath the bark in the phloem tissue. © During the past 25 years spruce bark beetle outbreaks have resulted in the loss of an estimated two bil- lion board feet of timber in Alaska. © Fast growing, healthy trees are more resistant to beetle attacks than slow growing, unhealthy trees. ® Spruce beetles are present wher- ever there are spruce forests. When conditions are right populations may outgrow the supply of down trees and move into nearby living trees, especially mature spruce stands. © A large, downed spruce tree may contain more than 100 beetles per square foot of bark. © Human activities such as fire suppression and improper disposal of slash enhance conditions for beetle outbreaks; as do such natural occurances as blown down, fire scorched and flood damaged trees. Management Plan Continued from page 1 in the public comment period sched- uled for each meeting. Members are: Jim Peterson, DNR, Div. of Forestry Chris Titus, DNR, Division of Parks Dan Golden, Departmient of Com- merce & Economic Development Mike Wiedmer, Department of Fish & Game, Habitat Division Ted Spraker, Fish & Game, Wildlife Conservation Dan Doshier, Kenai National Wild- life Refuge John Mohorcich, Kenai Peninsula Borough Land Management Mike Franger, Cook Inlet Region, Inc. Carl Propes, University of Alaska, Land Management Cliff Eames, Alaska Center for the Environment Drew Pesnel, Klukwan Forest Products Mike Swan, Soldotna Glen Payment, Nikiski Nancy Hillstrand, Homer The Public: Members of the public are invited to talk with the Project Manager or to attend and speak at any Working Group meeting. What is Forest Health? What is a healthy forest? What does it look like? Is it just a stand of green trees? Well, maybe not, de- pending on what you want from it. Is your objective to create a privacy screen for your home, grow Christ- mas trees, provide habitat for moose, protect a riparian or wilderness area, sell firewood, produce lumber, or create a recreation area? A healthy forest is one that meets the objectives we have for it. A de- sired condition of forest health is one in which influences on a given forest unit do not threaten the manage- ment objectives for it now or in the future. From the Project Manager... As the Division of Forestry begins work on the Forest Heaith Mar ment Plan, we encourage everyone to share ideas and concerns with us. Public participation is the theme of our project. I am anxious to hear from Alaskans with the practical knowledge and expertise needed to make this a workable plan. The division encour- ages agencies, organizations, profes- sionals and the general public to participate in gathering information, developing alternatives and working toward reasonable solutions. My sincere thanks to the many people who are more than just inter- ested in the plan. Many of you have given generously of your time and ideas. I hope to see and hear from even more of you at open houses, meetings and work sessions in the next few months. If you would like more information, or would like to offer suggestions, please contact me. Pete Buist, Project Manager Departmentof Natural Resources Division of Forestry P.O. Box 107005 Anchorage, Alaska 99510-7005 762-2506 or (800) 770-2257 A forest is, of course, more than just trees. It is a complete ecosystem. It may include a variety of terrains, trees, plants, animals and fish. All the resources of a forest are interde- pendent and play a role in determin- ing its health. As we work together on the Forest Health Management Plan, it is im- portant to remember that forest health means different things to different people and in different circumstances. As with many other definitions that make life compli- cated and interesting—one size does not fit all. Spruce Bark Beetle Infestation Since 1970, spruce bark beeties have killed trees on 700,000 acres—about 35 percent of forested land on the Kenai Peninsula. This map shows areas infested at some time between 1970 - a and 1990, as detected in Nikiski i : eas Chugach National Forest aerial surveys. Aerial sur- ‘ : veys show only red tops, trees attacked one year earlier and now dead, not ~" Sooper ‘ ” : . = e Ny : Soldotna \ volume of timber affected. Kalgin Island 5 the level of infestation or the f By, ® Eastern boundary for Forest Health Management Plan. Protect your trees from spruce bark beetles 1. Maintain the health of your trees; 3. Avoid importing infested material, beetles prefer to breed in weak- such as firewood containing live ened or wind-thrown trees. Fertil- beetles, to your homesite or lot. ize and water each tree early in the growing season to help pro- mote tree vigor. 4. During home construction, avoid damaging trees with mechanical equipment, placing excess soil over 2. Remove damaged or downed trees tree roots, or altering drainage. to eliminate sources of infestation. These trees should be split or de- barked immediately to help dry out the material. Forest Health Management Plan for the Western Kenai Peninsula and Kalgin Island Open Houses The Division of Forestry and Working Group mem- bers will be present to provide information listen to your comments on the Forest Health Management Plan for Western Kenai Peninsula and Kalgin Island. There will also be information on: * the srpuce bark beetle infestation on the Kenai ¢ what you can do to prevent or suppress a beetle infestation on your property * how to keep your trees or forest healthy Anchorage Homer Loussac Library High School Wednesday, May 6 Monday, May 11 4:00 to 8:00 4:00 to 8:00 Soldotna Ninilchik Division of Forestry School Cafeteria Mile 92.5 Sterling Hwy. Thursday, May 14 Wednesday, May 13 4:00 to 8:00 5:00 to 8:30 Department of Natural Resources Division of Forestry P.O. Box 107005 Anchorage, AK 99510-7005 Working Group Meetings Tuesday, April 7 Wednesday, April 29 Cook Inlet Aquaculture Assn. Kalifornsky Beach Road, Kenai Wednesday, May 13 Kenai Peninsula Borough Assembly Chambers Wednesday, May 27 Cook Inlet Aquaculture Assn. Kalifornsky Beach Road, Kenai all meetings 9:00 to 4:00 The public is invited to all Working Group meetings. A public comment period is scheduled for the begin- ning of each meeting. rin ANC HOLage Uatly NOWS Sunday, AUYGUS! 9U, Lye SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENT Spotted owl may not need virgin forest after all By ELLIOT DIRINGER wh Francisco Chronic te Ina challenge to the convention al wisdom that northern spotted owls need virgin forest to survive, hielogists scouring California’s vast redwood empire are discover ing the birds thriving even in areas once heavily logged Although government research have little doubt that the owl ns threatened in most of its eo rem. Pacifie Northwest range, new evi dence being hered in “second Hrowth™ fore ts that this may not be the » in the fast- sprouti Iwoods of California's Nerth Coas' Amid all the furor over owl protections that have put millions of acres off limits to logging and have contributed to a nationwide debate over the Endangered Spe ‘ Act, hardly anyone has noticed that the official census of spotted owls inhabiting California forests tS Securing In just five vears, the number of known owl “territories” listed by the state Department of Fish and has from 785° to 1 Although many of the newly overed territories expected, Gane jumped are in Cold growth’ forests, nearly half are on logged over redwood stands owned be timber compa- nies The companies. which have done much of the research with their own biologists. hope to ease log ging restrictions by proving that the owl should noe longer be listed as threatened in the ba) million nerve redwood belt But wildlife offie: y if could take a decade or longer to make that case BRIAN GADBERY 1 105 Angeles be: In California's second-growth forests, spotted owl numbers are soaring. “It's one thing to say you can find a lot of breeding owls in those stands now,” said biologist John Bart, who heads the spotted owl recovery team of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the agency that red the owl threatened two 's ago. “That doesn't necessari- n you'll find owls in those stands the future.” The real question, said Bart, is whether the timber companies can be kept from stepping up their logging rates and chasing the birds away The surprising discovery of so many owls in second-growth for- ests adds a new dimension to the understanding of a bird that in a few short years has risen from obscurity to become the nation’s leading symbol of environmental conflict. Most people know the owl as a reclusive creature that can thrive only in the shelter afforded by undisturbed ancient forests. What researchers are finding, however, is that the owl, far from shy, is easily wooed with a well-practiced “hoot,” and it can make do in forests that are anything but vir- gin Given a choice, the owl would prefer roosting in old growth, usu- ally defined as stands 200 years old or older. But it can also adapt to second-growth forests with the right characteristics, said Fish and Game biologist Ted Wooster “In the areas where they have no Cadillacs,"’ said Wooster, “they're doing quite well with a Ford." So far, however, that appears to be true only along the lush North Coast, where the redwood-domi- nated forests regenerate quickly and, if properly “‘managed,"’ can reproduce many of the “old growth" features favored by the owl within a matter of decades. Most critical to the owl are large trees for nesting, multiple layers of forest canopy and plenty of rotting logs on the ground to sup- port the mice, wood rats and other rodents that the birds feed on. Those conditions begin to emerge after 40 years of regrowth and are well established in 70- year-old stands. But they are espe- cially prevalent in areas where a few older trees were left standing and small clear cuts are _inter- spersed with wooded patches to create a “mosaic” effect. In Oregon and Washington, where large clear cuts were stan- dard practice for years and the trees do not grow back as fast, second-growth stands look very different. : “If you walk through an 80- year-old stand in the redwood zone ... it's going to look like an old forest,"" said Bart, of the Fish and Wildlife Service. “If you wal through an 80-year-old plante Douglas fir stand in Oregon, it’s going to look like an overgrown Christmas tree plantation, like a bunch of telephone poles with some foliage on top.” Not surprisingly, he said, scien- tists searching those stands for spotted owls usually come up emp- ty-handed The owl fight, consequently, re- mains largely a fight to preserve old growth, and most of that is in the hands of the federal govern- ment. Since the owl was declared threatened, court rulings have barred logging on millions of acres of federal land in California, Ore- gon and Washington. The news about owls in second- growth redwood is not likely to sway the outcome of the larger debate. California's redwood belt, while vast, represents less than 10 percent of the northern spotted owl range. Word of the owls’ habitation in second-growth forest has been slow to spread in part because the re searchers have been so busy track ing birds in the field that they have yet to publish their data in a scientific journal The timber industry, however, is eager to get the word out. The Georgia-Pacific Corporation, which owns 195,000 acres in California, recently issued a press release boasting that it had located 131 owls in second-growth stands. Environmentalists, who have championed the owl as part of an all-out campaign to save the re maining old-growth ecosystems, reject any notion that the new findings justify loosening controls on logging. On the contrary, said Louis Blumberg of the Wilderness Soci- ety, there is growing evidence that the overall owl population is slip- ping faster than earlier believed. Anchorage Daily News Saturday, September 26, 1992 B7 ———— — NORTHWEST Marbled murrelet to be added to threatened list Ry SCOTT SONNER " voted Brees WASTING TON lod murrelet thern sp The will join ted owl on list of SI Ss next sring. her log ‘rietions in the ss old prowth for administration aid Priday Kish jee. under copbt ob oa federal will declare the robin- eabird th don woafter reviewing the of its population for than four years, Interi- or Departinent spokesman Steve Goldstein said Weosre joing to list it as he told The As ' un eon the UES Vile Sery and Wild the court ied tater Hretened wetted Pre fer additions the stage cutbacks in Harvest. in the re bien set tingbes view the rem redet os WM horith in misiny eases: coastal nest ihe as sth tere geted for protection of the owl Federal scientists for the Fish and Wildlife Service regional headquarters in Portland, Ore., concluded in June that the murrelet had become threatened in the Northwest primarily be- cause of extensive logging of its habitat. Murrelets also are found in Alaska, but the service said their status there was not well enough understood to be included in the listing proposal The Bush administration spent much of the last month in U.S. District Court in Seattle and the 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals in San Francisco trying to post- pone a formal decision Goldstein, chief spokes- man for Interior Secretary Manuel Lujan, indicated the listing would be made reluc- tantly. Lujan has been a loud critic of what he calls over-protection of the spot- ted owl since it was declared threatened in June 1990. as @ This is a case where environmental groups are using the courts to achieve their own purposes without regard to people’s jobs, families and communities. 9 — Steve Goldstein, Interior Department “This is a case where en- vironmental groups are us- ing the courts to achieve their own purposes without regard to people's jobs, fam- ilies and communities,” Goldstein said. “President Bush wants to ensure that the Endangered Species Act is used as a shield, not a sword,” he said. “At present, activist judges are making scientific- based decisions." Conservation groups first asked the Fish and Wildlitf: Service to protect the murre- let in January 1988. In June 1991, the service proposed that the bird be protected as a_ thfeatened species. The service was sup- posed to announce its final decision last June, but gave itself a six-month extension, The Sierra Club Legal De- fense Fund went to court to force a speedy decision, and US. District Judge Barbara —_—__ Rothstein of Seattle agreed the six-month extension was “arbitrary and capricious.” She ruled Friday the list- ing decision would have to be made Monday The federal scientists in Portland said in June there are roughly 5,000 murrelets in Washington and 2,000 each in Oregon and Califor- nia. Canada already has listed the bird as a threatened spe- cies in British Columbia and the state of California has declared it endangered. Most of the murrelets live in forests hundreds of years old within 50 miles of the Pacific Coast. The vast ma- jority nest within 25 miles of the coast. Logging and other natural disturbances have left the region with less than one-fifth of the forests that covered western Washington and Oregon in the mid-1800s, the service said Since then, the total acres of old-growth have fallen from about 25 million acres to an estimated 3.4 million acres. Harvests have been concentrated at the lower elevations and the coastal ranges, ‘generally equating with the range of the mar- bled murrelet,” the service said. Land the government al- ready has targeted for pro- tection of the northern spot- ted owl would protect about two-thirds of the suitable marbled murrelet habitat managed by the Forest Ser- vice. In addition to logging, the murrelet has been falling victim to gill-net fishing, oil spills and predators. One study in British Columbia showed that gill nets killed approximately 8 percent of the bird's fall population along Vancouver Island. Predators like great horned owls, hawks, ravens and peregrine falcons have the most luck snatching murrelet eggs and chicks in the more fragmented forests, the service said. Without additional protec- tion, the Forest Service had planned logging across near- ly one-third of the bird's known occupied sites in the four national forests in Washington and Oregon with the most murrelets — Mount Baker-Snoqualmie, Olympic, Siuslaw and Siski- you. The scientists said there is a gap in the distribution of the bird's population at the southern end of its range in California, apparently be- cause of extensive clear-cut- ting of forests during the first half of the century Breeding populations — especially between Washington's Olympic Pen- insula and Tillamook Coun- ty in Oregon — ‘‘may have been eliminated through loss of their nesting habitat,” the service said. Some murrelet activity has been sited in forests younger than the 200 years typical of old growth, but those stands were immedi- ately adjacent to large old- growth stands and no nests were found, the service said “Mature second-growth does not appear to support breeding when it occurs iso- lated from older forest or, residual (fragmented) older forest growth stands,” the service said in the draft rule.