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Shovel-Ready
Energy Infrastructure
Projects in Alaska
Shovel-Ready Energy Infrastructure Projects in Alaska April 2020
Alaska Energy Authority Page 2 of 20
OVERVIEW
Created in 1976 by the Alaska Legislature, the
Alaska Energy Authority (AEA) is a public
corporation of the State of Alaska governed by
a board of directors with the mission to
“reduce the cost of energy in Alaska.” AEA is
the state's energy office and lead agency for
statewide energy policy and program
development. AEA accomplishes this mission
through its core services: Owned Assets, Power
Cost Equalization, Rural Energy Assistance,
Energy Technology Programs, Grants and
Loans, and Energy Planning.
This document is a catalog of Shovel-Ready
Energy Infrastructure Projects in Alaska within
AEA’s capability to manage. Each project
provides significant benefit to the
communities in which they are targeted.
Infrastructure projects of larger scope provide
a corresponding greater benefit to more than
a single community and have a long-term
positive impacts on the state economy.
This catalog of energy projects ready for
funding and capable of near term deployment
has been within the AEA portfolio for varying
periods of time as funding priorities have
shifted from time to time. All projects have
been carefully engineered and that
engineering kept up to date in the event
funding were to become available. Each
project can be developed once clearances are
given and funding is available
We wish to make clear that the organization of
this catalog is purposeful. Projects are
aggregated into “by category of energy”
spheres and are prioritized within each sphere.
Our listing of these projects within each
sphere will be able to advance to construction
as expediently as practical. Project completion
is harder to calculate but sooner construction
completions are rated more positively for
priority.
PROGRAM SUMMARY
CATEGORY NUMBER OF PROJECTS COST ($ MILLION)
Railbelt (Transmission) 3 $955
Hydroelectric 9 $6 Billion
Rural Power System Upgrades 20 $35
Bulk Fuel Upgrades 50 $100
Biomass/Heat 7 $10
Wind 9 $114
Totals 98 $7.21 Billion
The following pages include in depth descriptions of the six categories listed in the above table.
Shovel-Ready Energy Infrastructure Projects in Alaska April 2020
Alaska Energy Authority Page 3 of 20
RAILBELT
3 PROJECT GROUPS, TOTAL $955.2 MILLION
Over the past decade the Railbelt Utilities have
spent nearly $1 billion on generation assets in
the region. Many facilities were largely justified
through the respective utilities local area
planning criteria, as such little attention was
given to the transmission of this generation
portfolio throughout the interconnected
system which could take maximum advantage
of the construction of these newer, higher
efficiency units which replaced or caused the
retirement of less efficiency generators. In
2014, largely in recognition of this fact, AEA
contracted for completion of a region-wide
transmission plan. This plan, completed in
2017 identified a host of prioritized projects
which, if constructed, would relieve
transmission congestion that currently exists
on the transmission system, most importantly
unconstraining the Bradley Lake Hydroelectric
Facility, while at the same time, satisfying the
requirements set out in the reliability
standards in place for the railbelt region of the
State. Below is a summary of the transmission
plan results. It describes in a prioritized fashion
the unmet needs of the interconnected bulk-
power system.
LEVEL 1 PROJECTS (KENAI PENINSULA)*
PRIORITY PROJECT DESCRIPTION COST ($ MILLION)
1** Soldotna-Quartz Creek Upgrade Soldotna-Quartz Line to 230kV $52
1 Bernice Lake-Beluga HVDC 100 MW HVDC Intertie $185.3
2 25 MW/14MWh BESS Anchorage Area Battery $30.2
3 Bradley-Soldotna 115kV Line New Line and Bradley/Soldotna Substations $65.5
4 University-Dave's Creek 230kV Reconstruct existing line $57.5
5 University-Dave's Creek Substations Convert stations for 230 kV operation $34.6
6 Dave's Creek-Quartz Creek Upgrade line to Rail Conductor, Quartz Sub $15.0
Sub-Total $440.1
*Level 1 Projects constitute the host of projects most directly required to fully unconstraine the
Bradley Lake Hydroelectric Facility.
**In 2019 the Swan Lake Fire prompted discussions on potential realignment and upgrades to
the Soldotna to Quartz Creek Transmission Line on the Kenai Peninsula. That project is listed
here as priority 1 in Level 1 Projects.
SUMMARY
Shovel-Ready Energy Infrastructure Projects in Alaska April 2020
Alaska Energy Authority Page 4 of 20
LEVEL 2 PROJECTS (SOUTHCENTRAL)
PRIORITY PROJECT DESCRIPTION COST ($ MILLION)
1 Fossil Creek Substation New 115 kV substation $10.7
2 Eklutna Hydro Substation New 115 kV substation $9.7
Sub-Total $20.4
LEVEL 3 PROJECTS (NORTH)
PRIORITY PROJECT DESCRIPTION COST ($ MILLION)
1 Lorraine-Douglas Lorraine-Douglas 230 kV line and Stations $129.3
2 Douglas-Healy New 230 kV line operated at 138 kV $243.6
3 Healy-Fairbanks Convert 138 kV to 230 kV $106.8
4 Communications Upgrade Upgrade communication infrastructure $15.0
Sub-Total $494.7
Total Transmission Upgrade Estimate $955.2
The host of projects within each of the above three tables were identified by applying the current
Transmission Planning Standards contained within the reliability standards which are in place for
the Railbelt.
At the time of the transmission plan completion, the benefits ascribed to the above host of
projects resulted in a cost to benefit ratio in total of 3.4:1. It is important to note that these
analysis would need to be updated however it is highly unlikely that any significant movement,
one direction or the other with respect to the costs/benefits would be seen.
Shovel-Ready Energy Infrastructure Projects in Alaska April 2020
Alaska Energy Authority Page 5 of 20
HYDROELECTRIC
9 PROJECTS, TOTAL $6 BILLION
As Alaska’s largest source of renewable energy, hydropower supplies more than 20 percent of
the state’s electrical energy in an average water year. There are nearly 50 operating utility-scale
hydroelectric projects in Alaska. The majority of Alaska’s existing hydro projects are located in
the southeast and southcentral regions of Alaska.
LEVEL 1 PROJECTS
ELFIN COVE CROOKED CREEK HYDROELECTRIC – $3 MILLION
Sponsor Community of Elfin Cove
Description 160 kW run of river project serving Community
of Elfin Cove. The project would replace
powerplant diesel usage. Estimated fuel savings
$240,000 annually.
Status Design and licensing phase.
THAYER CREEK HYDROELECTRIC (ANGOON) – $18 MILLION
Sponsor Kootznoowoo Incorporated
Description 850 kW run of river hydroelectric project on
Thayer Creek serving the community of Angoon.
The project would replace powerplant diesel
usage and substantial amount of community
heating oil. Estimated fuel savings ~$1,200,000
per year.
Status Design and licensing phase.
SUMMARY
Shovel-Ready Energy Infrastructure Projects in Alaska April 2020
Alaska Energy Authority Page 6 of 20
LEVEL 2 PROJECTS
GRANT LAKE HYDROELECTRIC (RAILBELT REGION) – $53 MILLION
Sponsor Homer Electric Association
Description Grant Lake would be a 5 MW storage project
serving Ketchikan region. Estimated equivalent
fuel savings $4,000,000 annually. License from
FERC and in final design.
Status Design and licensing phase.
MAHONEY LAKE HYDROELECTRIC (KETCHIKAN REGION) – $75 MILLION
Sponsor City of Saxman
Description Mahoney Lake would be a 9.6 MW storage
project serving Ketchikan region. Estimated fuel
savings $7,500,000 annually. This project has
license from FERC.
Status Design and licensing phase.
SUSITNA-WATANA HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT (RAILBELT REGION) – $5.6 BILLION (2014$)
Sponsor Alaska Energy Authority
Description Susitna-Watana would be a 609 MW (maximum)
storage project serving the railbelt region of
Alaska. The project can replace ~60 percent of
the natural gas usage of the railbelt region and
create 23,000 direct and indirect jobs during
construction.
Status Design and licensing phase. The State of Alaska
has spent $193 million advancing this project
and is through two-thirds of the licensing
process.
Shovel-Ready Energy Infrastructure Projects in Alaska April 2020
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SWEETHEART LAKE HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT (JUNEAU REGION) – $188 MILLION (2014$)
Sponsor Juneau Hydropower Inc.
Description Sweetheart Lake would be a 19.8 MW storage
project serving Juneau region. Estimated fuel
savings $20,750,000 annually. This project has
license from FERC and is in final design.
Status Design and licensing phase.
LEVEL 3 PROJECTS
INDIAN RIVER HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT (TENAKEE SPRINGS) – $4.8 MILLION
Sponsor City of Tenakee Springs
Description Indian River is a 180 kW run-of-river
hydroelectric project serving the community of
Tenakee Springs. Project would replace
community diesel generation with hydroelectric.
Estimated fuel savings $104,000 annually. This
project could be completed within one year
once construction.
Status Ready for construction.
KNUTSON CREEK HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT (PEDRO BAY) – $5 MILLION
Sponsor Pedro Bay Village Council
Description This project is a 200 kW run of river hydroelectric
project serving Pedro Bay. The project will
replace community diesel generation by
hydroelectric. Estimated fuel savings $120,000
annually. This project is in final design.
Status Design and licensing phase.
Shovel-Ready Energy Infrastructure Projects in Alaska April 2020
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OLD HARBOR HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT (OLD HARBOR) – $10 MILLION
Sponsor Alaska Village Electric Cooperative
Description This project is a 525 kW diversion hydro serving
the Alaska native community of Old Harbor.
Estimated fuel savings $220,000 annually. Project
would replace a portion of community diesel
generation with hydroelectric.
Status Design and licensing phase.
Shovel-Ready Energy Infrastructure Projects in Alaska April 2020
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RURAL POWER SYSTEM UPGRADE
20 PROJECTS @ $1.75 MILLION = $35 MILLION
Electricity powers lighting, communications,
heat, and is necessary to operate infrastructure
that supports safe and healthy living
conditions. In Alaska’s rural communities
electricity is often generated by a small local
“system” (generation and distribution) using
diesel fuel, and that power is three to five
times more than power in urban parts of the
state.
Upgrades may include efficiency
improvements, powerhouse upgrades or
replacements, line assessments, lines to new
customers, demand-side improvements, heat
recovery and repairs to generation and
distribution systems. It is not uncommon to
see a significant increase in fuel savings.
Rural Power System Upgrade (RPSU) projects
range from maintenance and improvement to
full system replacements.
Using an average upgrade project cost of
$1.75 million and a 20 year expected life span
the yearly funding level required to meet the
need for rural power systems is approximately
$16 million dollars. This assumes all power
systems being at the expected point in their
life span, which is not the case. To bring the
required 20 projects up to the necessary life
cycle expectancy would require about $35
million.
AEA is has currently contracted to inventory
and assess all eligible rural power systems.
This effort will compile over 200 data points
on each community power system including
generation, distribution, and heat recovery. For
the first time complete 3D imaging of each
powerhouse will be captured enabling an
enhanced ability for remote assistance and
training.
TYPICAL POWERHOUSE
BEFORE
SUMMARY
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RPSU-Eligible Communities
PRIORITY PROJECT COST ($ MILLION)
1 Aniak $1.75
2 Atka $1.75
3 Beaver $1.75
4 Buckland $1.75
5 Chefornak $1.75
6 Chenega Bay $1.75
7 Chuathbaluk $1.75
8 Crooked Creek $1.75
9 Elfin Cove $1.75
10 Golovin $1.75
11 Karluk $1.75
12 Kokhanok $1.75
13 Koliganek $1.75
14 Levelock $1.75
15 Manokotak $1.75
16 McGrath $1.75
17 Napakiak $1.75
18 Ouzinkie $1.75
19 Pedro bay $1.75
20 Pelican $1.75
Sub-Total $35
2 1 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Shovel-Ready Energy Infrastructure Projects in Alaska April 2020
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BULK FUEL UPGRADE
50 PROJECTS @ $2 MILLION = $100 MILLION
Rural Alaska is energized primarily by diesel
for power generation and heating. Gasoline is
used for transportation. Many villages are
located either along rivers or on the coast, so
fuel is primarily delivered by barge. Where
barge delivery is unavailable or uneconomic,
air tankers and in a few cases tanker trucks
deliver fuel. Delivery is seasonal and limited by
sea or river ice, water levels, or ice road
availability. Villages of a few hundred people
must store hundreds of thousands of gallons
of fuel to meet their annual energy needs.
Many of rural Alaska’s bulk fuel facilities were
built in the 1950s and 1960s. They were not
built to national standards and aren’t
compliant with today’s health and safety
regulations. Some of them are at the end of
their useful lives. This infrastructure, however,
continues in service until upgraded or
replaced, in some cases posing serious risks. In
recent years, AEA’s Bulk Fuel Upgrade (BFU)
program has shifted emphasis from new
construction to repairs. In many cases, existing
bulk fuel tanks can be re-used if they are
appropriately refurbished. Repair projects
focus on minimizing risk, using local workers,
and replacing piping, pumps, valves, and tanks
when necessary.
Using an average upgrade project cost of $2
million and a 40 year expected lifespan (20
year design life span), the yearly funding level
required to meet the need for rural bulk fuel
facilities is approximately $40 million dollars.
This assumes all bulk fuel facilities being at the
expected point in their life span, which is not
the case. To bring the required 50 projects up
to the necessary life cycle expectancy would
require about $100 million dollars.
TYPICAL BULK FUEL FACILITY
BEFORE
SUMMARY
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BFU-Eligible Communities
LEVEL 1 PROJECTS
PRIORITY PROJECT DESCRIPTION COST ($ MILLION)
1 Holy Cross (3) Native Corp / City / Utility Bulk Fuel Facilities $6
2 Nondalton City Bulk Fuel Facility $2
3 Shaktoolik (2) Utility / Native Corp Bulk Fuel Facilities $4
4 Togiak Native Corp Bulk Fuel Facility $2
5 Nunapitchuk (2) Native Corp / City Bulk Fuel Facilities $4
6 Noatak Tribal Bulk Fuel Facility $2
7 Shungnak Tribal Bulk Fuel Facility $2
8 Scammon Bay Native Corp Fuel Facility $2
9 Newtok (2) Native Corp / Utility Bulk Fuel Facilities $4
10 Ekwok City Bulk Fuel Facility $2
11 Shageluk (2) Native Corp / City Fuel Facilities $4
12 Marshall (2) Utility / City Bulk Fuel Facility $4
13 Minto (2) Utility / Native Corp Fuel Facilities $4
14 Goodnews Bay City Bulk Fuel Facility $2
15 Birch Creek Tribal Bulk Fuel Facility $2
16 Nulato City Bulk Fuel Facility $2
17 Chalkyitsik Native Corp Fuel Facility $2
18 Venetie Tribal Bulk Fuel Facility $2
19 Allakaket City Bulk Fuel Facility $2
20 Rampart Tribal Bulk Fuel Facility $2
21 Russian Mission (2) Native Corp / City Bulk Fuel Facilities $4
Sub-Total $60
11 2 3 14 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 12 13 4 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
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BFU-Eligible Communities
LEVEL 2 PROJECTS
PRIORITY PROJECT DESCRIPTION COST ($ MILLION)
1 Fort Yukon (2) Native Corp / Tribal Fuel Facility $4
2 Klawock Utility Bulk Fuel Facility $2
3 Hydaburg Utility Bulk Fuel Facility $2
4 Ambler Tribal Bulk Fuel Facility $2
5 Kivalina (2) Utility / City Bulk Fuel Facility $4
6 Beaver Tribal Bulk Fuel Facility $2
7 Mountain Village Native Corp Fuel Facility $2
8 Craig Utility Bulk Fuel Facility $2
9 St. Paul Native Corp Fuel Facility $2
10 Togiak City Bulk Fuel Facility $2
11 Coffman Cove Utility Bulk Fuel Facility $2
12 Noatak Tribal Bulk Fuel Facility $2
13 Eek Native Corp Fuel Facility $2
14 Oscarville Native Corp Fuel Facility $2
15 Thorne Bay Utility Bulk Fuel Facility $2
16 Platinum Tribal Bulk Fuel Facility $2
17 Hughes City Bulk Fuel Facility $2
18 Kobuk City Bulk Fuel Facility $2
Sub-Total $40 1 2 4 5 6 7 8 3 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Shovel-Ready Energy Infrastructure Projects in Alaska April 2020
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BIOMASS/HEAT
7 PROJECTS, TOTAL $9.7 MILLION
Alaska's primary biomass fuels are wood, sawmill waste, fish by products and municipal waste.
Wood remains an important renewable energy sources for Alaskans. More than 100,000 cords of
wood are burned in the form of chips, cordwood, and pellets annually. Wood-heating systems in
Alaska are creating local jobs and reducing the cost of building heat in rural communities
throughout the state.
LEVEL 1 PROJECTS
HAINES SCHOOL AND POOL (CHIP) – $1.8 MILLION
Sponsor Haines Borough
Description The proposed biomass district energy system is
designed to provide heat to the Haines School
and Pool, Administration Building, Library,
Vocational Education building (Voc-Ed), Garage,
and future Greenhouse, with the school and pool
is the baseline scenario.
Status Ready for construction.
KAKE (CHIP) – $3.5 MILLION
Sponsor Organized Village of Kake
Description The proposed biomass district energy system is
designed to provide heat to the Haines School
and Pool, Administration Building, Library,
Vocational Education building (Voc-Ed), Garage,
and future Greenhouse, with the school and pool
is the baseline scenario.
Status Design and licensing phase.
SUMMARY
Shovel-Ready Energy Infrastructure Projects in Alaska April 2020
Alaska Energy Authority Page 15 of 20
MENTASTA CLINIC (CHIP) – $200,000
Sponsor Mentasta Tribal Council
Description This project would be a small containerized Chip
System that would heat the Health Clinic and
possibly some adjacent buildings. The
community currently has an operating chip
system so there is great confidence this project
would also be successful.
Status Ready for construction.
LEVEL 2 PROJECTS
CRAIG HIGH SCHOOL (CHIP) – $770,000
Sponsor Craig City School District
Description This project is to construct a wood chip heating
plant at Craig High School. The wood heating
system is expected to include a wood fuel
delivery system, biomass boilers, and heat
exchangers to be integrated into the existing
heating system of Craig High School.
Status Ready for construction.
KLAWOCK MALL (CORDWOOD) – $845,000
Sponsor Klawock Heenya Corporation
Description Construct a cordwood heating system, including
a large wood shed to heat two thirds of the
Klawock Bell Tower Mall. The other one third is
the AC Grocery Store and they are using the heat
from the refrigeration units. The Biomass system
could be backup heat for the grocery store.
Status Conceptual design.
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NORTHWAY SCHOOL BIOMASS – $1.32 MILLION
Sponsor Alaska Gateway School District (Tok)
Description This project will construct a woodchip heating
system for the Northway School, the garage, and
the teacher housing duplex. The project is
estimated to offset approximately 90 percent of
the fuel use.
Status Ready for construction.
LEVEL 3 PROJECT
KETCHIKAN HIGH SCHOOL (PELLET) – $1.25 MILLION
Sponsor Ketchikan Gateway Borough
Description This project will construct a pellet heating system
for the new clinic, tribal office, community
building, and water treatment plant. Project
design was completed through a grant from the
United States Forest Service.
Status Ready for construction.
Shovel-Ready Energy Infrastructure Projects in Alaska April 2020
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WIND
9 PROJECTS, TOTAL $114.2 MILLION
In Alaska, there are abundant wind resources available for energy development. High costs
associated with fossil fuel-based generation and improvements in wind power technology makes
this clean, renewable energy source attractive to many communities. Today wind energy accounts
for 2.4 percent of the state’s total energy production and that percentage is growing. Since 2012,
Alaska’s wind energy capacity has increased 400 percent.
LEVEL 1 PROJECT
FIRE ISLAND WIND FARM EXPANSION – $75 MILLION
Sponsor Cook Inlet Regional Inc.
Description Expansion of the Fire Island Wind farm from 17.6
MW to 52.8 MW with the installation of 22 more
GE 1.6 MW wind turbines. Cook Inlet Regional
could sell the power to any of the south-central
Alaska utilities. This project would help to
stabilize electrical costs in Southcentral Alaska.
Status Ready for construction.
LEVEL 2 PROJECTS
CHEFORNAK, KIPNUK, AND PILOT POINT BATTERY ENERGY STORAGE – $2.4 MILLION
Sponsor Village of Chefornak, Native Village of Kipnuk,
and Native Village of Pilot Point
Description Currently Chefornak, Kipnuk, and Pilot Point have
fully operational wind turbines installed in their
communities. Battery energy storage will increase
wind energy utilization and reduce the need to
curtail wind energy production.
Status Ready for construction.
SUMMARY
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IGIUGIG WIND – $1.0 MILLION
Sponsor Igiugig Village Council
Description Installation of two 25 kW turbines. The turbines
will be used in conjunction with the community
in-river hydrokinetic turbine. Fuel offset will be
7,044 gallons of diesel per year.
Status Design and licensing phase.
KONGIGANAK, KWIGILLINGOK, AND TUNTUTULIAK TURBINE UPGRADES – $4.8 MILLION
Sponsor Native Village of Kongiganak, Native Village of
Kwigillingok, and Native Village of Tuntutuliak
Description Incorporate more efficient rotor and nacelle
upgrades for 15 wind turbines to increase
efficiency and power output of existing turbines.
This project would also add a 500 kW solar array
to each system.
Status Design and licensing phase.
KWETHLUK WIND AND SOLAR WITH ELECTRIC THERMAL STORAGE UNITS – $4.2 MILLION
Sponsor Village of Kwethluk
Description Install three 100kW wind turbines, a 500 kW solar
array and 50-70 electric thermal storage units.
The projected diesel displacement for this project
is 70,000 gallons of diesel fuel at the power plant
and 20,000 gallons of heating fuel.
Status Design and licensing phase.
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LEVEL 3 PROJECTS
DUTCH HARBOR AND UNALASKA WIND-DIESEL PROJECT – $11.6 MILLION
Sponsor Dutch Harbor and City of Unalaska
Description Install 2MW capacity wind turbines and battery
energy storage near the water treatment plant.
Dutch Harbor is the largest fishing port in North
America with a very high industrial load. This
project would offset 270,000 gallons of diesel per
year.
Status Ready for construction.
KOTZEBUE ELECTRIC ASSOCIATION WIND FARM EXPANSION – $7.0 MILLION
Sponsor Kotzebue Electric Association
Description The utility will install two more EWT 900 kW wind
turbines and expand battery energy storage. This
project is expected to displace 300,000 to
400,000 gallons of diesel fuel annually, thus
lowering the cost of energy in the community.
Status Design and licensing phase.
NOME WIND TO HEAT – $400,000
Sponsor Nome Joint Utility System
Description Nome will be purchasing an electric boiler to
utilize excess wind produced from their Banner
Peak Wind Farm. The boiler will be used to heat
the school and potentially the hospital and rec
center in the future. The expected cost savings
from diesel displacement for the school district
would be $71,000 per year.
Status Ready for construction.
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STEBBINS AND ST. MICHAEL WIND FARM EXPANSION – $7.8 MILLION ($2021)
Sponsor Alaska Village Electric Cooperative
Description Installation of a single 900 kW turbine. Fuel offset
will be 160,000 gallons of diesel per year. The
project will also include the installation of an
electric boiler in the St. Michael pump house, and
will account for another 5,000 gallons of diesel
displacement. The wind farm expansion project
will serve both Stebbins and St. Michael.
Status Design and licensing phase.