HomeMy WebLinkAboutTDX Power Ref 9 Sand Point High Penetration Wind System Supplement
How
Innovus
Products
Enable
Hybrid
Microgrids
Hybrid
Microgrids
A
hybrid
Microgrid
or
power
system
is
a
collection
of
energy
sources
and
sinks
on
an
electrical
network
that
is
isolated
from
the
larger
grid,
such
as
on
an
island
or
in
a
remote
community.
This
is
often
referred
to
as
a
“microgrid”.
Energy
sources
typically
include
diesel
generators,
solar
photovoltaic
(PV)
panels,
and
wind
turbines.
Energy
sinks
typically
include
the
primary
distribution
to
the
village
or
island
that
serves
residences,
schools,
and
commercial
facilities;
and
sometimes
a
secondary
load,
such
as
a
resistive
water
heater,
which
is
used
to
absorb
excess
energy
that
may
be
available
for
various
reasons.
Sometimes
a
hybrid
power
system
includes
some
form
of
energy
storage
such
as
lead-‐acid
batteries,
which
can
act
as
both
a
source
and
sink.
Renewable
Intermittency
The
most
significant
challenge
in
high
penetration
hybrid
microgrids
today
is
renewable
energy
sources
vary
with
the
renewable
resource
(wind
or
sunshine),
and
can
change
output
very
rapidly
during
normal
operation.
For
example,
if
a
PV
array
is
one
of
the
active
sources,
the
net
load
can
suddenly
increase
if
a
large
cloud
passes
between
the
sun
and
the
PV
array.
The
same
is
true
in
wind
powered
microgrids.
A
rapid
drop
in
wind
velocity
will
cause
the
net
load
to
increase.
To
continue
to
serve
the
load,
you
need
to
have
the
capability
to
quickly
provide
the
same
amount
of
power
as
the
PV
or
wind
system
from
a
different
source.
This
usually
means
you
need
to
have
spinning
reserve
on
the
diesel
genset(s),
which
often
means
running
them
at
low
load,
or
use
energy
storage
to
meet
the
demand
until
the
cloud
passes.
In
addition
to
the
issue
of
operating
reserve,
renewable
intermittency
can
cause
stability
issues
in
microgrids,
especially
when
the
renewable
penetration
level
is
high.
In
systems
with
conventional
gensets,
the
sudden
large
load
changes
can
lead
to
large
frequency
excursions
as
the
engine
governor
works
to
restore
speed
control.
They
can
also
lead
to
phase
angle
oscillations
between
the
generator
rotor
and
the
power
grid.
This
typically
limits
renewable
penetration
to
around
50%
of
the
peak
load
without
taking
other
costly
measures
to
maintain
stability.
8 of 24 TDX Power Ref 9 Sand Point High Penetration Wind System - Supplement
Challenge
Low
Diesel
Loading
A
further
challenge
with
the
integration
of
renewables
into
a
conventional
diesel
generation
system
is
that
fixed-‐speed
diesel
gensets
run
more
efficiently
and
with
fewer
maintenance
issues
when
run
at
high
load
relative
to
their
rating.
Because
their
synchronous
generator
is
directly
connected
to
the
microgrid,
they
must
run
at
a
constant
speed
regardless
of
load
in
order
to
maintain
fixed
frequency
AC.
The
lower
the
load
on
the
genset,
the
poorer
the
combustion,
which
results
in
low
efficiency
and
causes
maintenance
problems
like
wet
stacking
and
coking.
The
more
renewable
power
is
serving
the
load,
the
less
“net
load”
(system
load
minus
renewable
contribution)
is
on
the
diesel
genset,
exacerbating
the
low-‐loading
problem.
Challenge
-‐
Integration
An
additional
challenge
with
most
hybrid
microgrids
is
that
all
of
the
components
are
from
different
suppliers,
and
making
them
all
work
together
requires
significant
expertise
and
cost.
This
has
been
a
limiting
factor,
in
many
cases,
to
the
integration
of
renewable
energy
sources
in
microgrids
that
would
otherwise
be
well
served
by
renewable
energy.
Many
microgrid
locations
have
high
diesel
fuel
cost,
but
also
significant
sun
and/or
wind
resources,
and
the
utility
could
significantly
reduce
the
levelized
cost
of
energy
(LCOE)
for
its
customers
with
renewable
energy.
Solution
–Innovus
Power’s
IP
MVS
600
The
Innovus
Power
IP
MVS
600
with
GridGenius
and
PowerBridge
solves
many
of
the
most
significant
challenges
with
hybrid
microgrids,
making
diesel
generation
work
well
with
a
variety
of
renewable
sources
for
the
first
time.
Let’s
start
with
a
description
of
the
IP
MVS
600.
With
the
IP
MVS
600,
the
diesel
genset
connects
to
the
microgrid
through
a
full
power
converter,
which
rectifies
the
output
of
the
genset
to
DC,
then
back
to
fixed
frequency
AC.
This
decouples
the
speed
of
the
genset
from
the
output
frequency
of
the
converter,
which
means
it
can
run
at
the
optimum
speed
for
any
given
load.
Because
the
IP
MVS
600
uses
a
full
power
converter,
its
output
frequency
is
set
by
the
inverter
rather
than
the
speed
of
the
engine,
and
can
therefore
be
more
tightly
controlled.
Because
the
inverter
is
locked
to
the
grid
frequency,
phase
angle
oscillations
cannot
occur.
Settings
in
the
converter
can
be
0
50
100
0 5 10 15 20Power
[kW]Hour
of
Day
Load Wind Net
Load
9 of 24 TDX Power Ref 9 Sand Point High Penetration Wind System - Supplement
adjusted
for
optimal
performance
during
a
transient
event
for
a
variety
of
power
system
configurations,
which
can
substantially
improve
the
stability
of
the
microgrid.
This
typically
enables
higher
levels
of
renewable
penetration
in
microgrids
compared
to
conventional
generators,
which
can
improve
the
economics
of
your
renewable
energy
investment
and
lower
your
levelized
cost
of
energy.
There
are
also
significant
additional
benefits
from
using
a
full
power
converter
in
a
microgrid.
For
example,
if
the
IP
MVS
600
needs
to
synchronize
with
another
energy
source,
it
can
do
it
very
quickly
and
easily,
without
the
need
for
additional
synchronizing
switchgear.
The
converter
controls
observe
the
voltage
waveform
on
the
grid,
and
if
it’s
within
a
specified
range,
synchronize
and
connect.
This
operation
is
trivial
compared
to
a
fixed
speed
genset,
which
must
finely
adjust
the
governor
speed
to
synchronize
with
another
source.
The
Innovus
power
converter
can
also
supply
or
sink
reactive
power,
even
when
the
diesel
genset
is
off,
making
it
very
useful
for
maintaining
voltage
stability
and
VAR
support.
The
Innovus
power
converter
uses
a
modular
design
where
capability
can
be
expanded
simply
by
adding
additional
modules.
This
architecture
is
at
the
heart
of
the
GridGenius
and
PowerBridge
products.
PowerBridge
PowerBridge
is
a
system
of
components
that
enables
diesel-‐off
operation
in
a
hybrid
microgrid.
It
consists
of
an
additional
module
in
the
IP
MVS
600
power
converter
for
protection,
an
ultracapacitor
bank
with
enough
capacity
to
provide
full
rated
power
(600
kW)
for
seconds
to
10’s
of
seconds
(depending
on
size
of
capacitor
bank),
and
a
stabilizing
load
to
absorb
excess
power
when
needed.
In
comparison
to
lead-‐acid
batteries,
ultracapacitors
have
significant
advantages:
1. They
can
handle
high
current,
which
means
they
can
be
charged
and
discharged
quickly.
2. They
have
a
much
higher
cycle
life,
which
means
they
last
longer
and
require
less
servicing.
3. They
have
a
higher
round-‐trip
efficiency,
which
means
less
energy
is
wasted.
The
ultracapacitors
are
directly
connected
to
the
converter’s
DC
bus
(no
power
converter
required)
via
the
protection
module.
Energy
flows
between
the
ultracap
bank
and
the
DC
bus
as
the
bus
voltage
rises
and
falls
with
changing
conditions.
Similarly,
energy
flows
from
the
DC
bus
to
the
stabilizing
load,
usually
a
resistive
water
heater,
through
the
stabilizing
load
controller.
10 of 24 TDX Power Ref 9 Sand Point High Penetration Wind System - Supplement
The
inverter
controller
supports
the
AC
bus
according
to
the
system
configuration
(island
or
parallel
operation,
droop
or
isochronous/constant
voltage).
If
the
renewable
power
increases
significantly,
the
inverter
will
detect
this
and
consume
power
by
sending
it
to
the
DC
bus,
causing
its
voltage
to
rise.
If
the
ultracapacitors
are
not
fully
charged,
they
will
sink
the
excess
energy.
If
the
ultracapacitors
are
fully
charged,
the
stabilizing
load
controller
diverts
energy
to
the
stabilizing
load.
By
taking
advantage
of
the
inverter
controls
that
are
already
required
for
the
VSG,
PowerBridge
seamlessly
maintains
frequency
and
voltage
stability
in
the
microgrid
without
the
typical
complexity
of
a
hybrid
microgrid.
Another
significant
advantage
to
PowerBridge
is
that
even
when
the
diesel
engine
is
off,
the
inverter
is
online
supporting
the
microgrid.
This
means
that
other
“grid-‐connect”
inverters
that
require
a
source
to
synchronize
to
(e.g.
many
PV
inverters)
can
continue
to
operate
even
when
the
engine
is
off.
GridGenius
GridGenius
is
a
microgrid
system
controller
that
orchestrates
all
energy
sources
and
sinks
in
a
hybrid
microgrid.
It
can
be
used
in
a
variety
of
system
architectures,
including
Innovus
and
non-‐Innovus
gensets,
and
allows
a
microgrid
operator
to
easily
migrate
from
diesel-‐only,
to
integration
of
low-‐
penetration
renewable
sources,
to
integration
of
high-‐penetration
renewables
with
PowerBridge
in
order
to
obtain
diesel-‐off
operation.
11 of 24 TDX Power Ref 9 Sand Point High Penetration Wind System - Supplement
In
a
system
with
only
genset
sources,
GridGenius
determines
the
optimum
dispatch
to
maximize
system-‐
wide
fuel
efficiency.
For
example,
if
a
system
has
a
fixed-‐speed
genset
and
a
IP
MVS
600,
and
the
average
load
plus
operating
margin
exceeds
the
rating
of
the
IP
MVS
600,
GridGenius
will
set
the
fixed-‐
speed
genset
to
a
base
load
where
it
is
very
efficient,
and
operate
the
IP
MVS
600
in
peak
shaving
mode
at
relatively
low
load
since
it
can
easily
run
this
way
with
high
efficiency.
The
combined
fuel
efficiency
of
both
gensets
is
maximized
this
way.
If
a
system
has
low-‐penetration
renewable
sources,
GridGenius
will
dispatch
the
gensets
to
maximize
renewable
contribution.
With
a
IP
MVS
600
in
the
system,
lightly
loaded
gensets
are
no
longer
a
concern.
If
the
average
net
load
plus
an
operating
margin
can
be
carried
by
one
IP
MVS
600,
it
will
dispatch
the
IP
MVS
600
only,
which
can
run
down
to
10%
of
its
rated
power
with
high
efficiency
and
no
maintenance
problems.
If
the
net
load
is
greater,
it
will
dispatch
another
genset
to
an
efficient
base
load
and
peak
shave
with
the
IP
MVS
600.
If
a
system
has
high-‐penetration
renewable
sources,
PowerBridge
can
be
added
to
the
system,
allowing
GridGenius
to
run
the
system
with
all
diesel
gensets
off.
In
order
to
turn
the
diesels
off,
the
average
renewable
power
must
be
greater
than
or
equal
to
the
average
load
for
a
sustained
period.
With
renewable
energy
sources
typically
used
in
microgrids,
curtailment
of
renewable
energy
is
often
not
an
option.
This
means
that,
on
average,
there
is
excess
energy
that
must
be
consumed
due
to
the
conservation
of
energy
principle.
Once
the
ultracapacitors
in
PowerBridge
are
fully
charged,
the
stabilizing
load
controller
signals
GridGenius
that
excess
energy
is
available
for
consumption
by
a
secondary
or
dispatchable
load.
If
the
renewable
power
suddenly
drops
(e.g.
due
to
a
cloud
passing
over
the
PV
array,
or
a
sudden
drop
in
wind),
PowerBridge
supplies
the
load
from
the
energy
storage
until
a
genset
can
be
brought
online,
which
is
dispatched
by
GridGenius.
PowerBridge
ensures
that
the
load
is
reliably
supplied
even
when
the
gensets
are
off,
and
GridGenius
ensures
that
the
overall
system
is
operating
optimally.
Genset
Paralleling
Genset
paralleling
in
conventional
diesel
plants
is
accomplished
with
additional
controls
that
tie
into
the
governor
and
voltage
regulator
of
the
genset.
Various
strategies
are
used
to
share
real
and
reactive
power
among
the
running
units.
With
the
Innovus
IP
MVS
600,
paralleling
is
much
simpler
in
most
system
configurations.
The
simplest
case
is
a
system
with
only
Innovus
gensets.
Because
each
Innovus
genset
uses
a
full
power
converter,
synchronizing
and
load
sharing
is
trivial.
One
genset
is
designated
as
the
master,
running
in
Island
mode
and
forming
the
microgrid
voltage
and
frequency.
The
remaining
gensets
are
designated
as
slaves,
and
run
in
Grid
mode.
They
synchronize
to
the
master,
and
GridGenius
sets
the
real
and
reactive
power
level
of
each
unit
to
whatever
desired
distribution.
Power
can
be
shared
with
either
droop
control,
or
isochronous/constant
voltage
control.
If
the
master
goes
away
(e.g.
trips
on
a
fault),
GridGenius
will
detect
this
and
designate
a
different
VSG
as
the
master
without
dropping
the
load.
0
50
100
150
200
0 5 10 15 20Power
[kW]Hour
of
Day
Load Wind
Excess energy
to PowerBridge
Comment [JWM1]: I
don’t
think
this
graphic
fits
in
this
section.
Which
step
is
GridGenius?
(I
think
the
answer
is
that
GridGenius
isn’t
a
step
in
this
list
at
all
–
it’s
another,
almost
independent
thing
you
can
do
at
any
point
in
the
process.)
12 of 24 TDX Power Ref 9 Sand Point High Penetration Wind System - Supplement
If
the
IP
MVS
600
is
running
in
a
system
with
conventional
fixed-‐speed
gensets
equipped
with
paralleling
gear,
parallel
operation
can
be
obtained
several
ways.
If
a
fixed-‐speed
genset
is
already
running,
the
IP
MVS
600
starts
up,
synchronizes
with
the
fixed-‐speed
generator,
and
GridGenius
then
determines
the
optimal
distribution
of
real
and
reactive
power.
This
results
in
a
base
load
command
for
the
fixed-‐speed
genset
and
peak
shaving
for
the
IP
MVS
600.
If
the
IP
MVS
600
is
running
(in
Island
mode)
and
more
power
is
needed,
the
fixed-‐speed
genset
is
started,
it
syncs
with
the
IP
MVS
600
using
its
paralleling
gear,
and
GridGenius
then
determines
the
optimal
distribution
of
real
and
reactive
power
in
the
same
way.
13 of 24 TDX Power Ref 9 Sand Point High Penetration Wind System - Supplement
Summary
The
following
table
summarizes
the
high-‐level
features
of
a
hybrid
microgrid,
and
which
Innovus
Power
products
enable
that
feature.
Desired
Microgrid
Feature
Required
Innovus
Product
Higher
fuel
efficiency,
lower
genset
maintenance,
low-‐penetration
renewable
energy
source(s)
IP
MVS
600
Microgrid
controller,
optimum
diesel
genset
dispatching
(including
non-‐Innovus
gensets),
renewables
dispatching/curtailing
GridGenius
High-‐penetration
renewables,
diesel-‐off
capability
IP
MVS
600
+
PowerBridge
As
this
document
explains,
many
of
the
challenges
of
integrating
a
hybrid
power
system
are
greatly
reduced
with
the
use
of
Innovus’
suite
of
hybrid
microgrid
products.
14 of 24 TDX Power Ref 9 Sand Point High Penetration Wind System - Supplement
44093
South
Grimmer
Blvd.,
Fremont
CA
94538
September
14,
2015
Mr.
John
Lyons
General
Manager
TDX
Power
Inc
Ref:
Innovus
Power
Letter
Of
Support
Dear
John,
Thank
you
for
the
consideration
of
the
Innovus
Power
IP
MVS
600
high
penetration
wind
platform.
We
are
very
excited
to
be
a
partner
to
TDX
Power
for
the
San
Point
Alaska
project.
We
fully
support
TDX
Power
and
the
use
of
the
Innovus
IP
MVS
600
high
penetration
wind
platform
for
the
Sand
Point
project
proposed.
Innovus
Power
will
provide
all
services
under
contract
with
TDX
Power.
Sincerely,
Steve
Levy
Vice
President
Sales
Innovus
Power
Inc.
+1.408.460.3141
15 of 24 TDX Power Ref 9 Sand Point High Penetration Wind System - Supplement
Innovus Power Proprietary‐All Rights Reserved‐May 2015Microgrid Power PlatformsDelivering the Lowest Levelized Cost of Distributed Energy 16 of 24TDX Power Ref 9 Sand Point High Penetration Wind System - Supplement
2Innovus Power Proprietary‐All Rights ReservedINNOVUS POWERWho are we? We are a leading technology provider of Distributed Generation Solutions based in the San Francisco Bay AreaWhat’s our Background?We were founded in 2013 and acquired key IP and assets in 2012. Our technology roots come from Marine Diesel Electric Propulsion systems we started on in 2002. We have a robust patent portfolio and proprietary technologiesWhat do we do? Our power platform solutions enable grid operators to realize substantial performance gains in power surety, grid stability, network scalability and fuel efficiency resulting in the lowest Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE).17 of 24TDX Power Ref 9 Sand Point High Penetration Wind System - Supplement
3Innovus Power Proprietary‐All Rights ReservedInnovus Power - Experienced Leadership Marc HoffmanCEOCEO Glacier BayDivision President Renaissance Mark Operating Director Arsenal CapitalVP of Operations Allied Signal Aircraft EnginesGeneral Manager GE Power GenBS Mat Science Engineering, Cornell UniversityDr. Mark PrestonCTOVP Technology Vestas Americas COO Mega Watt SolarVP Engineering & Technology Glacier Bay VP Engineering Northern Power Systems Sr. Mgr. GE Corp R&D and UTC18 patents in power electronics, sensors, motorsPhD EE, University of Sussex, UK Steve LevyVP Sales & Bus DevVP of World Sales Advanced Energy RenewablesDir of Channel & Government Division SatcomDir Bus Dev & Engineering Northrop Grumman EMC, Oracle, Tandem and Storage Technology along with three Silicon Valley startupsBS Management and Marketing, Cal State FullertonLance BrownVP Marketing & Project MgmtVP Business Development Glacier Bay TechDirector of Glacier LabManaging Director Spectre Power BoatsOwner / President Santa Cruz YachtsBS Engineering Management, Industrial Tech, Cal Poly 18 of 24TDX Power Ref 9 Sand Point High Penetration Wind System - Supplement
23 of 24TDX Power Ref 9 Sand Point High Penetration Wind System - Supplement
24 of 24 TDX Power Ref 9 Sand Point High Penetration Wind System - Supplement