HomeMy WebLinkAbout#1 REPORT for Waterfall Creek Round 7 1
City of King Cove, Alaska
Overview of the City’s Power Generation System
(September 2013)
1.0 Summary & Purpose
This memo provides a summary of the City’s current power generation system and
our projected future power demands and financial expectations. The memo also
presents a current summary of the City’s expectations for our second hydroelectric
facility, Waterfall Creek, which is now anticipated to come on-line in November
2014.
Furthermore, this memo serves as a technical reference in support of: 1) requesting
an $800,000 grant from the FY15 AEA Renewable Energy Grant Fund (round #7) for
the Waterfall Creek hydro project; and, 2) supporting the City’s loan request for up
to $1.5 million from the Alaska Municipal Bond Bank for the project. Note that the
City is not willing to enter into new debt beyond $1.5 million at this time, primarily
due to our remaining existing debt of approximately $850,000 on our Delta Creek
hydro facility, which requires an annual payment of $145,000.
2.0 City’s Power Generation System
The City of King Cove has owned and operated energy power production facilities,
including an underground distribution system, for over five decades. The City has
two major components to its power generation system. These include the Delta
Creek hydroelectric facility, an 850 kWh run-of-the-river project constructed in
1994, and a diesel plant with four CAT diesels that can generate approximately up to
2.5 megawatts (MW).
The Delta Creek hydro facility cost $5.7 million and was funded through a
combination of grants from the State of Alaska, U.S. Dept of Energy, Aleutians East
Borough, and the City of King Cove and $1.9 million in debt via the U.S. Department
of Agriculture/Rural Development. The City was fully responsible for the
permitting, design, contracting and construction management of this facility. The
prestigious American Consulting Engineering Council awarded the Delta Creek
project the 1995 Grand Award for its “Excellence in Engineering Design.”
A new diesel plant was constructed and brought on-line in 2008 to compliment the
Delta Creek hydro facility. This facility, including a new fuel tank farm with a
capacity of 150,000 gallons, costing about $3.2 million and was funded through a
combination of grants, cash and in-kind services by the State of Alaska/AEA, Denali
Commission, and City of King Cove. There is no debt on the diesel plant.
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A significant component of the new diesel plant included an upgraded SCADA
control system. This new system has integrated the controls and relationship of
these two power generation systems, as well as significantly increasing the amount
of hydro energy from Delta Creek through better telecommunications and visual
monitoring. The hydro facility is located about 6 miles north of the diesel plant.
The City also has a recoverable waste heat system, which was designed and
constructed as part of the new diesel plant in 2008. An extension of this system was
completed in 2012. The Alaska Energy Authority, Denali Commission, and City of
King Cove combined financial resources for these two projects, which cost about
$500,000.
Recoverable heat is provided to adjacent facilities including the new King Cove
School (40,000 s.f.), Clinic (10,000 s.f.), and Aleutian Housing Authority multi-
housing units (12 units). This system is currently displacing about 25,000 gallons of
diesel fuel on an annual basis and is likely to increase another 10,000 gallons.
2.0.1 Other Power Generation System in King Cove
Peter Pan Seafoods is located in King Cove. It is one of the largest, year-round
seafood processors in Alaska and has the claim of being the largest “wild” salmon
processor in North America. They employ over 500 transient processor workers for
about 6 months of year. All of their employees live in housing provided by the
company.
Peter Pan has its own diesel power generation facilities. Their peak load during key
processing times can reach over 3,500 kWh/day (compared to an rare peak day for
the City of 1,000 kWh/day). The company has consistently indicated a desire to
purchase any “surplus” hydroelectric power the City may have available,
particularly with the new Waterfall Creek hydro coming online. The initial concept
is that this surplus hydro could be used to supply all/some of their domestic
demands for their bunkhouses, apartments, laundry facilities, and mess hall. During
the concept design phase for the Waterfall Creek project, our engineers evaluated
this annual demand to be in range of 600,000 to 800,000 kWh.
3.0 Current System
3.0.1 Demand
Table 1 summarizes the last five years of total power generation from the City’s
system. Note the current, 3-year average demand is 5.08 megawatts (MW) and 5-
year average is 4.88 MW.
The current, 3-year average split has been hydro 53% (2.68 MW) and diesel 47%
(2.40 MW). The past 5-year average has been about 50/50. This ratio has been
similar for the 18 years that Delta Creek hydro has been in operation.
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Recent control upgrades installed in 2010/2011 will continue to improve our hydro
production. In FY12, the hydro produced about 58% (3.02 MW) of our annual
demand. However, a glitch in a control password caused our FY13 performance to
dip back to a 55% diesel and 45% hydro production. Notwithstanding this issue, the
City expects the FY12 performance level will become the new baseline prior to
bringing Waterfall Creek online.
For every 100,000 kWh shift in power generation from diesel to hydro, the City
saves about 7,000 gallons of diesel fuel, which has a current cost of about $30,000.
3.0.2 Financial Performance – Electric Revenue Fund
Table 2 is a summary of the City’s electric fund for the last four years (FY10-13).
Annual fund revenues are about $1.33 million. About 50% of the revenues are from
residential, commercial, and harbor customers with another 30% from the City
facilities. The other 20% in revenue comes from harbor accounts and recoverable
heat sales.
On the expenditure side, fuel costs are more than 50% of the annual expenditures.
Personnel costs account for about 15-20% of annual fund expenditures. Debt
service on the Delta Creek hydro is about 10%.
Between FY10-13, the City’s diesel power system used an annual average of 192,000
gallons of diesel fuel to produce an annual average of 2.5 MW of power. As noted
above, for every 10,000 kWh shift from diesel to hydro, there is a corresponding
decrease in demand of about 7,000 gallons of fuel.
The City has only two customer rate classes, including $.30/kWh for all residential,
public, and commercial users and $.35/kWh for all marine vessels. These new rates
have been in effect since January 1, 2012. Both of these rates are among the lowest
of any communities or harbors throughout rural Alaska. The influence of our lower
hydro generation costs is clearly responsible for this cost structure. Otherwise,
these rates would likely be in the range of $.48 to $.52/kWh.
Prior to FY12, the City had only one rate of $.26/kWh. This rate had been increased
from $.20/kWh two years earlier. The City was also more a year in the arrears for
our reporting and receiving of State PCE payments. Both of these issues have been
subsequently resolved and the City’s electric fund became financially solvent by the
end of FY12.
3.0.3 Future Demand
Table 3 provides a forecast of power generation demand for the current fiscal year
(FY14) and the next four years (FY15-18). Note that table 3 indicates that Waterfall
Creek is expected to be on-line by the end of 2014 (FY15).
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Total MW demand in FY14 is assumed to be 4.86 MW. This is similar to FY13, which
experienced about a 7% decline in demand compared to FY12. About one -third of
this decline was due to a number of large fishing vessels relocating to Dutch Harbor
when their new boat harbor recently opened. Another one-third of the demand
reduction is due to a range of energy efficiency measures, like replacing all street
and harbor lights throughout King Cove with LED lights.
For FY15-18, a conservative .005% annual increase in total generation demand is
assumed.
The ratio of hydro to diesel demand for FY14 is assumed to be similar to FY12.
Then, starting in FY15 and based on the assumption that Waterfall Creek will come
online in December 2014, the City expects to have over 60% (3MW) of our power
production from hydro (Delta Creek at 2.8 MW and Waterfall Creek at .20 MW).
For FY16-18, the total amount of hydro, with the addition of Waterfall Creek, should
increase up to 3.4 to 3.5 MW (Delta Creek at 2.9 to 3 MW and Waterfall Creek at .5
MW). The ratio of hydro to diesel is expected to be approximately 70% hydro and
30% diesel.
Starting in FY16, the City expects to have between 400,000 and 500,000 kWh of
surplus energy to sell to Peter Pan from Waterfall Creek (primarily), but also some
summer months’ surplus from Delta Creek. The City anticipates the cost of this
power to be $0.15/kWh and generate approximately $60,000 to $75,000 in annual
revenue.
Waterfall Creek energy production is assumed to be .5 MW in FY16-18. This amount
of hydro energy will replace approximately 35,000 gallons of diesel annually, saving
about $150,000 at today’s cost.
Tables 4A1 (with Waterfall Creek) and 4B1 (without Waterfall Creek) provide
financial forecasts for the City’s electric fund for FY14 through FY18. Note the
growing disparity between the electric fund balances (with and without Waterfall
Creek) during these five years. The FY14 fund balance difference is $45,000, in
FY16 it is $285,000, and FY18 it is $735,000.
The amount of diesel fuel at continuing escalating costs is the significant cost
variable creating this cost difference. This fact continues to be the most significant
justification for bringing Waterfall Creek online as soon as possible. See the
footnotes at the end of this report, which further explains the cost assumptions in
these two tables.
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3.0.4 Waterfall Creek Status
The City is currently getting ready to construct Waterfall Creek. This creek is
another tributary of Delta Creek and will be a similar run-of-the-river facility. The
amount of annual energy expected from Waterfall Creek is about one-third of the
Delta Creek (1MW compared to 3MW). The current schedule is for the City to be
ready to bid the project in early 2014 and have it completed and on-line by
November 2014.
The project will consist of a concrete diversion and intake structure, 4500’ HDPE
penstock pipeline, 16”x40” metal powerhouse on a concrete slab, Pelton impulse
turbine and induction generator, remote-automated control system, and 5,000’
access road.
Revised Cost Estimate
Waterfall Creek is now expected to cost $5.5 million. This cost estimate was
provided to the City on September 3, 2013 by AMCI/RR, an independent
construction cost estimating firm in Anchorage. Prior to this revised estimate, the
City was using its September 2012 project cost estimate of $4.3 million. This $1.2
million cost increase came as a surprise to the City. Consequently, the City is now
expeditiously seeking additional funding to keep the project on schedule and
financially viable.
The City anticipates the following funding for the project:
o FY13 AEA/Renewable Energy grant $ 200,000
o FY14 AEA/Renewable Energy grant 2,600,000
o FY 15 AEA/Renewable Energy grant 800,000
Subtotal 3,600,000
o City of King Cove – cash 400,000
o City of King Cove – long term debt 1,500,000 Subtotal 1,900,000
TOTAL $5,500,000
Per this revised cost estimate, the City is applying for a FY15 AEA Renewable Energy
grant of $800,000. Also, the City was approved for up to $1.5 million debt for the
Waterfall Creek project from the Alaska Municipal Bond bank on August 28, 2013.
Amount of Renewable Energy
The initial hydrology estimates for Waterfall Creek suggested that up to 1.4 MW of
energy could come from this source. However, in order to satisfy ADF&G Title 16
(Fish Habitat) permit concerns, the City agreed to reduce the amount of water we
would use from the creek by 24%, which equates to a lesser energy expectation of
1.07 MW.
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However, this 1.07 MW needs to be put into further perspective, including the
following considerations:
1) Using Waterfall Creek flow data, monthly estimates of energy generation
expectations were prepared for two annual scenarios, consisting of 1.07 MW
and 850,000 kWh. See following table 5A. Note that about 70% of the
available energy occurs between May and October. This table suggests that if
1.07 MW of energy are produced, the City’s system will use about 600,000
kWh (1.07 MW – 482,000 (surplus) = 588,000).
If 850,000 kWh are produced, the City’s system will use about 510,000 kWh
(850,000 – 340,000 (surplus) = 510,000). Note the assumptions for this
amount of Waterfall Creek energy from the following #2 discussion.
Furthermore, note the City’s system demand summary in Appendix 1. These
data summarize the last three years of kWh produced by our diesel system,
beyond what our Delta Creek hydro provides. These three years are a
representative sample of current system energy demands, mix of diesel-to-
hydro generation and available surplus. The total of the “average” column at
the far right indicates that up to 2.4 MW of diesel generated energy is
available to be replaced with Waterfall Creek hydro. This 2.4 MW amount
was used in table 5A (third column).
The purpose for developing these two energy scenarios and assumptions was
to analyze the financial risk to help guide the City’s determination of how
much debt is viable to assume for Waterfall Creek. Part of this assessment
was to consider the range of surplus energy, and resulting revenue, the City
can reasonably expect to sell Peter Pan Seafoods.
2) A review of earlier Delta Creek planning/design assumptions, primarily the
expected monthly energy generation amounts, were compared to the actual
kWh produced monthly for these last few years and indicate about a 80%
ratio of projected –to- actual kWh. Consequently, using 1.07 MW x 80% =
850,000 kWh.
3) In summary, if the Waterfall Creek hydro produces:
a) 1.07 MW – there should be approximately 600,000 kWh
available to the City’s system, which will replace about 42,000
gallons of diesel fuel, and have between 400,000 to 450,000
kWh to sell Peter Pan Seafoods.
b) 850,000 kWh – there should be approximately 500,000 kWh
available to the City’s system, which will replace about 35,000
gallons of diesel fuel, and have between 300,000 and 350,000
kWh to sell Peter Pan Seafoods..
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4) Additionally, there could be another 100,000 to 200,000 kWh surplus hydro
energy from Delta Creek to sell Peter Pan Seafoods.
REPORT NOTES & ASSUMPTIONS
TABLE 4A1 – With Waterfall Creek coming fully online in November 2014
Revenue – $50,000 conservative amount used for “surplus power sales” at this
point. City anticipates this may reach annual maximum of $75,000 based on the sale
of 500,000 kWh @ $0.15/kWh.
Expenditure – summary of major cost components and variables
Fuel cost assumptions are: FY14 142,000 gallons
FY15 130,000 “
FY16 105,000 “
FY17 100,000 “
FY18 100,000 “
These annual gallons represent the projected decline in required diesel fuel
with Waterfall Creek coming online and Delta Creek’s performance reaching
its FY12 level of 3.02 MW. Table 3 is the basis for the future energy
estimates by source (i.e. diesel and hydro).
For the last three years (FY11-13), the City used an average of 170,000
gallons a year for its diesel system. Thus, the FY14 projected demand of
142,000 gallons is suggesting a comparative year to FY12.
Annual fuel cost escalation increases of between 5 to 10% have been used.
Debt – Current annual debt of $145,000 is used for FY14, increasing to
$200,000 in FY15 (partial debt funds assumed to be used in spring/summer
of 2014), and $265,000 for FY16-18, which adds the new/additional debt of
$120,000 for the MAXIMUM $1.5 million Waterfall Creek debt.
Annual repair & replacement fund of $50,000 (i.e. dedicated/separate
funding for major cost items like a new turbine runner, major repairs, etc. – a
“mini” depreciation fund)
Other category for FY14 & FY15 – part of the $400,000 cash contribution the
City has committed to the project
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Fund Balance – continues the steady and then-accelerating increase with Waterfall
Creek coming fully online in FY16. The prospects of a $500,000 fund balance by
FY18 would be a significant long-term energy sustainability step for King Cove
TABLE 4B1 – Without Waterfall Creek
Revenue – no “surplus power sales” removes $50,000 to $75,000 of revenue for the
electric fund.
Expenditure – summary of major cost components and variables
Fuel cost assumptions are: FY14 170,000 gallons
FY15 170,000 “
FY16 170,000 “
FY17 170,000 “
FY18 170,000 “
Uses the 170,000 gallons average from the last three years (FY11-13).
Annual fuel cost escalation increases of between 5 to 10% have been used.
Debt – Current annual debt of $145,000 would remain, but no new debt.
Annual repair & replacement fund would remain at current $30,000.
Other category for FY14 & FY15 – would be reduced by $50,000.
Fund Balance – would start to decline, due primarily to the increased amount of
diesel with escalating costs. Negative fund balances would be likely by FY16 and
becoming significantly worse over time. Significant rate increases would be likely
with minimal to no prospects for long-term energy sustainability for King Cove. The
projected $700,000 CHANGE is fund balance (comparing Table 4A1 to 4B1) is
staggering.