HomeMy WebLinkAboutDPAC Life Cycle Cost Analysis - Final
Energy and Life Cycle Cost Analysis
Final Report
June 17, 2008
Dimond Park Aquatic Center
Juneau, Alaska
Prepared for:
Jensen Yorba Lott, Inc.
and
City & Borough of Juneau
Prepared by:
Alaska Energy Engineering LLC
25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: (907) 789-1226
Juneau, Alaska 99801 alaskaenergy@earthlink.net
Alaska Energy Engineering LLC
Dimond Park Aquatic Center 1 Life Cycle Analysis
Section 1
Introduction
This report presents an energy and life cycle cost analysis for the Dimond Park Aquatic Center. The
intent of the analysis is to evaluate energy conservation measures and optimize the building energy
systems over a 25-year period.
The energy and life cycle cost analysis is performed by Jim Rehfeldt, P.E. of Alaska Energy
Engineering LLC as a subconsultant to the prime architectural firm of Jensen Yorba Lott, Inc.
METHODOLOGY
Life Cycle Cost Analysis
Optimization of the building energy systems uses a methodology based on the National Institute of
Standards and Technology (NIST) Handbook 135 – Life Cycle Cost Analysis. Handbook 135
establishes methodology and criteria for evaluating energy projects in federal facilities. This method
determines the total cost of an energy conservation measure over the life of the building. Total cost
includes construction, replacement, maintenance and repair, and energy costs that are discounted over
time to account for inflation and the time value of money.
Economic Factors
Economic factors are critical to the findings of the life cycle cost analysis. There are numerous
sources for these factors and differences of opinion abound. For this reason, the factors should be
closely scrutinized.
• Nominal Interest Rate: This is the nominal rate of return on an investment without regard to
inflation. The analysis uses a rate of 5.0% which is a conservative estimate of the interest rate
on bonds that will be sold to finance the project.
• Inflation Rate: This is the average inflationary change in prices over time. The analysis uses
an inflation rate of 3.0% which is the consumer price index average of the past 25-years.
• Real Discount Rate: This is the actual rate of return when the inflation rate is considered.
The analysis uses a real discount rate of 2.43% which is a calculated value derived from the
nominal interest rate and the inflation rate.
• Economic Period: This is the period of time in which costs are considered. The analysis is
based on a 25-year economic period with construction beginning in 2009.
Energy Sources and Costs
Fuel Oil
Fuel oil currently costs the CBJ $3.89 per gallon for a seasonally adjusted blend of #1 and #2 fuel oil.
On average, fuel oil prices have risen 31% per year for the past 2-years, 16% per year over the past 5-
years, and 6.3% per year for the last 15-years. The analysis assumes fuel oil inflation will inflate at
6% per year for the next 25 years. The cost of fuel oil is predicted to be today’s cost of $3.89 per
gallon inflated at 6% to $4.12 per gallon in 2009.
Alaska Energy Engineering LLC
Dimond Park Aquatic Center 2 Life Cycle Analysis
Electricity
Electricity is supplied by Alaska Electric Light & Power Company (AEL&P). AEL&P is a privately
owned utility regulated by the Regulatory Commission of Alaska. Power generation facilities utilized
by AEL&P include both hydroelectric and diesel plants. Currently, the hydroelectric plants generate
most of the electricity and the diesel plants provide backup.
The Aquatic Center will be billed for electricity use under AEL&P’s Rate 34, Large Government
which charges for both electrical consumption (kWh) and peak electric demand (kW). Electrical
consumption is the amount of energy consumed and electric demand is the rate of consumption.
AEL&P determines the electric demand by averaging demand over a continuously sliding fifteen
minute window. The highest fifteen minute average during the billing period determines the peak
demand. The following table lists the current electric charges:
AEL&P Large Government Rate
Charge 1 On-peak (Nov-May) Off-peak (June-Oct)
Energy Charge per kWh 4.93¢ 4.62¢
Demand Charge per kW $11.53 $7.35
Service Charge per month $99.24 $99.24
Over recent history, electricity inflation has been less than 1% per year, which has lagged general
inflation. However, the winter of 2007/2008 is the first extended period where AEL&P had to
supplement with diesel generation. This caused a rate increase of 1.4¢ per kWh. The rising cost of
fuel oil will increase electric heating loads, placing more demand on the electric generation system.
AEL&P is developing the Lake Dorothy Hydroelectric Facility Phase 1 to increase their hydroelectric
capacity. The power from Lake Dorothy will be more expensive than power from the existing
hydroelectric facilities. It is assumed that the community will consume most of the Lake Dorothy
Phase 1 power in the early years of the Aquatic Center’s life and that the blended generation cost will
raise electric rates 1.5¢ per kWh.
As fuel oil prices increase due to inflation, more heating loads will convert from fuel oil to electricity.
This will place additional demands on the electrical generation and distribution system, causing
increases in the cost of supplying electricity. If heating loads grow to the point where diesel
generation is needed, electricity prices could increase substantially. In essence, Juneau’s future
electricity prices are tied to fuel oil inflation. Because Juneau will have a base of inexpensive
hydropower from existing facilities, the electricity inflation rate is assumed to be 5%, which is
slightly lower than fuel oil inflation.
Summary of Economic and Energy Factors
Factor Rate or Cost Factor Rate or Cost
Nominal Discount Rate 5.5% Electricity Current rate + 1.5¢/kWh
General Inflation Rate 3.0% Electricity Inflation 5.0%
Real Discount Rate 2.4% Fuel Oil Cost (2009) $4.12/gal
Fuel Oil Inflation 6.0%
Alaska Energy Engineering LLC
Dimond Park Aquatic Center 3 Life Cycle Analysis
Section 2
Heating System Optimization
HEATING SYSTEM SCHEMES
The analysis compares an electric boiler hydronic heating scheme, a fuel oil boiler hydronic heating
scheme, a ground source heat pump scheme (GSHP), and a hybrid GSHP scheme where the GSHP
system is downsized and is supplemented by an electric boiler and electric domestic hot water heater.
The GSHP schemes consist of water-to-water heat pumps supplying hydronic heat for most of the
building and water-to-air heat pumps supplying heated air in the smaller support spaces.
All the heating schemes are analyzed with the same ventilation scheme which consists of two air
handling units; one for the natatorium and the second for the remaining spaces. Each system is a
mixed air system with a heat recovery core and heating coil.
A GSHP system suing water-to-air heat pumps throughout the building was also considered. Such a
system would require three heat pumps for the natatorium and one for the rest of the building. This
scheme was not pursued because the heat pumps are not manufactured with integral heat recovery
cores. The building will have a continuous ventilation rate of 13,000 cfm. The energy penalty
associated with exhausting this large quantity of air without heat recovery makes it highly unlikely
this system will have the lowest life cycle cost.
Electric Boiler Scheme
This scheme consists of two electric boilers and a variable speed primary/secondary hydronic heating
system. The system supplies hydronic heating water for air-heating of the natatorium, in-floor radiant
heating of the locker rooms, and air or water heating of the remaining spaces. The pools are heated by
the hydronic heating system using separate heat exchangers for each pool. Domestic hot water is
produced by two indirect hot water tanks heated by the hydronic heating system.
Fuel Oil Boiler Scheme
This scheme is similar to the electric boiler scheme except three fuel oil boilers are used instead of the
electric boilers.
Ground Source Heat Pump (GSHP) Scheme
This scheme consists of a ground source heat pump system that extracts heat from the ground to heat
the building. The GSHP scheme has an array of closed-loop vertical wells connected to water-to-
water heat pumps that generate hydronic heat and domestic hot water and water-to-air heat pumps for
conditioning smaller support spaces.
The vertical well field will require 135 wells, each 250’ deep. The wells will be spaced 10’ apart and
each will contain a 1” HDPE pipe loop. The well field was sized based on 200 feet of well per ton of
heating load, which is less than established “rules of thumb”. The results of a soil thermal
conductivity test—currently in progress for the Juneau Airport Terminal—is likely to support this
reduction in the size of the well field. Water circulating through the well field gains heat from the
ground. The heat pumps remove this heat from the water and use a compressor/condenser cycle to
generate heated water.
Alaska Energy Engineering LLC
Dimond Park Aquatic Center 4 Life Cycle Analysis
The heating system will use two commercial-grade heat pumps with reciprocating compressors and
shell and tube heat exchangers (see attachment). The heated water is stored in a heating storage tank.
The heated water supplies the same hydronic heating system as the two previous systems. However,
the heating supply temperature is 110°F rather than 190°F for boilers, so heating coils and pool heat
exchangers will need to be larger to transfer the same amount of heat.
Domestic hot water is generated by a two domestic hot water heat pumps (DHWHP) that are also
coupled to the ground loop. The DHWHPs will produce hot water that is stored in an two electric hot
water heaters that provide backup if a heat pump fails.
Hybrid Scheme
This scheme reduces the construction costs of the GSHP scheme by reducing the capacity of the
water-to-water heat pumps and adding an electric boiler to supply supplemental heat. Compared to
the GSHP scheme, the hybrid scheme:
• reduces the capacity of the well field and the heating heat pumps by 44%.
• adds an electric boiler to supply supplemental heat when the heating load exceeds the
capacity of the heat pumps.
ENERGY ANALYSIS
The following table provides an annual energy cost comparison of the schemes.
Annual HVAC Energy Cost Comparison
Component Electric Boiler Fuel Oil Boilers GSHP Hybrid
Heating $143,000 $183,000 $35,000 $40,000
Domestic Hot Water 68,000 77,000 22,000 28,000
Fans 30,000 25,000 29,000 30,000
Pumps 4,000 3,000 10,000 8,000
Total Cost $245,000 $287,000 $96,000 $106,000
Heating and domestic hot water costs vary significantly between the boiler and GSHP schemes. The
following factors contribute the most to the findings:
• The GSHP scheme is most efficient at converting purchased energy into heat.
1. The heating heat pumps are 350% efficient at converting electricity to heat. This means
that for each purchased BTU, the system extracts 2.5 BTUs from the ground and delivers
3.5 BTUs to the building.
2. The domestic hot water heater heat pump is 270% efficient.
3. The combined efficiency of 320%
• The hybrid scheme is slightly less efficient due to electric boiler supplementation of the
heating load and electric hot water heater supplementation of the domestic hot water load.
1. The heating heat pump and boiler have a seasonal efficiency of 310%.
2. The domestic hot water heat pump and hot water heater is 210% efficient.
3. The combined efficiency of 270%
Alaska Energy Engineering LLC
Dimond Park Aquatic Center 5 Life Cycle Analysis
• The electric boiler scheme has lower energy costs than the fuel oil boiler scheme because
electricity is a lower cost energy source. Fuel oil at $4.21 per gallon and a conversion
efficiency of 77% results in 13.8¢ per kWh of delivered heat. This is much higher than the
current cost of electricity.
Electric Costs: Demand charges can be a significant component of an electric bill. An electric heating
system is highly dynamic and likely to have proportionally higher demand charges than a fuel oil
heating system. The analysis determined that the fuel oil system has an effective rate of 8.5¢ per
kWh. To account for higher demand charges, the electric rate for the GSHP scheme is set at 9.5¢ per
kWh and 9.7¢ per kWh for the hybrid scheme. The electric boiler scheme has greater demand than the
GSHP scheme, so it will have the highest demand charges at 10.5¢ per kWh.
Fan Energy: While the ventilation systems are the same for each scheme, the energy costs vary. The
electric boiler, GSHP, and hybrid schemes have higher fan energy costs because electricity is more
expensive (see preceding paragraph). The GSHP and hybrid schemes also have higher fan energy
costs because the heating coils have more rows and a higher pressure drop to deliver heat with cooler
heating water.
Pumping Energy: The GSHP and hybrid schemes have higher pumping costs associated with water
flow through the well field. This cost partially offsets the energy cost savings.
The fuel oil scheme is estimated to consume 63,200 gallons of fuel oil per year. For comparison, fuel
oil consumption at Augustus Brown Pool averages 40,000 gallons per year. The Dimond Park Center
has more than double the pool and building area but is predicted to consume only 58% more fuel.
This is likely due to a more efficient envelope, better control of outside air, and a more efficient
heating plant.
LIFE CYCLE COST ANALYSIS
The life cycle cost analysis determined that the hybrid scheme has the lowest life cycle cost. The
following table shows the life cycle cost comparison.
Life Cycle Cost Comparison, $K
Cost Electric Boilers Fuel Oil Boilers GSHP Hybrid
Construction $1,900K $1,800K $3,800K $3,100K
Maintenance 45K 120K 110K 100K
Energy 6,200K 8,100K 3,400K 3,800
Total Cost $ 8,100K $ 10,000K $ 7,300K $ 7,000
The hybrid scheme has the lowest life cycle cost of $7.0M, which is 14% lower than the electric
boiler scheme. It will return an initial investment at 5% plus an additional $1.1M over the 25-year
economic period. The GSHP scheme has the second lowest life cycle cost and the lowest energy
costs. The fuel oil boiler scheme has the highest life cycle cost, primarily due to higher energy costs.
The project cost estimate includes $1,900K for the cost of the electric boiler scheme. The hybrid
scheme will require an additional investment of $1.2M ($3,100K for hybrid minus $1,900K for the
electric boiler scheme).
Alaska Energy Engineering LLC
Dimond Park Aquatic Center 6 Life Cycle Analysis
Construction Costs
• In comparing the GSHP and hybrid schemes, the hybrid scheme has a lower installed cost,
but requires supplemental electric heat whenever heating and domestic hot water loads
exceed the capacity of the ground source heat pump system.
• The cost of coupling to the ground is highly dependent upon an experienced contractor
willing to come to Juneau and install the well field. The cost estimate was derived from a
quote from a Seattle-based contractor.
• Three separate ground loops are included in the heat pump schemes for redundancy.
• A cooling well was drilled at the adjacent New High School site which indicates that the site
is highly suited for a vertical well field. Initial findings indicate that the site has a high water
table and soils suitable for a high rate of thermal conductivity.
• If the GSHP or hybrid schemes are selected, a test well is recommended to provide a well log
for bidding purposes.
Maintenance Costs
• The fuel oil boiler scheme has the highest maintenance costs due to the effort required to
clean and tune the boilers.
• The GSHP and hybrid schemes also have high maintenance costs because the heat pumps are
specialized equipment that will likely require a repair technician. The NOAA facility will
also install the same type of heat pump, so local expertise may be available.
• The electric boiler scheme has the lowest maintenance costs because the boilers require little
maintenance.
Energy Costs
• The lower energy costs of the GSHP scheme are due to high system efficiency (320%) and
the lower cost of electric energy.
• The slightly higher energy costs of the hybrid scheme are because supplemental electric heat
reduces the system efficiency to 270%.
Alaska Energy Engineering LLC
Dimond Park Aquatic Center 7 Life Cycle Analysis
Section 3
Energy Conservation Measures
INTRODUCTION
An energy and life cycle cost analysis is provided to optimize the energy systems of the Aquatic
Center. The analysis focuses on the building envelope and pool covers using heating costs based on a
hybrid GSHP system.
The construction, maintenance and energy costs of each ECM are summarized at the end of this
section. In addition, life cycle cost spreadsheets are appended to the end of this report.
BUILDING ENVELOPE OPTIMIZATION
Walls
The proposed wall assembly, from inside to outside, is 5/8” gypsum board, 8” metal studs bonded to
4-3/8” of EPS insulation, exterior sheathing, and metal siding. This assembly has an R-17 rating.
An optimization analysis determined that exterior insulation will increase the life cycle cost of the
wall system. However, adding exterior insulation to the wall system may be beneficial to reducing
thermal bridging and preclude condensation within the wall system. The analysis did not determine
the thickness of insulation required to preclude condensation within the wall system.
Wall Insulation Optimization
$0
$1,000
$2,000
$3,000
$4,000
$5,000
$6,000
$7,000
R-5 R-10 R-15Life Cycle Cost
Alaska Energy Engineering LLC
Dimond Park Aquatic Center 8 Life Cycle Analysis
Roof
The roof assembly, from outside to inside, consists of metal decking, gypsum substrate board,
polyisocyanurate insulation, gypsum cover board, and a PVC membrane.
An optimization analysis of the thickness of the polyisocyanurate insulation determined that a 6”
thickness is optimal. This results in an R-39 assembly.
Roof Insulation Optimization
Translucent Wall Panels
The natatorium will have translucent wall panels to provide day lighting. The manufacturer, Kalwall,
makes panels with R-10 and R-20 insulating values. The analysis determined that the R-10 panel has
the lowest life cycle cost. The analysis did not evaluate whether the R-10 panel will cause water to
condense on the inside during cold weather.
Translucent Wall Panels
$0
$20,000
$40,000
$60,000
$80,000
R-27 R-39 R-52Life Cycle Savings$0
$40,000
$80,000
$120,000
$160,000
$200,000
R-10 R-20Life Cycle Cost
Alaska Energy Engineering LLC
Dimond Park Aquatic Center 9 Life Cycle Analysis
Floor Perimeter Insulation
The building will be constructed with 8” concrete stem walls. An optimization analysis determined
that a 2” thickness of extruded polystyrene insulation (R-10) is optimal.
Floor Perimeter Insulation
Floor Slab Insulation (No In-floor Heat)
The floor of the Aquatic Center will be mostly a slab on grade. Historically, slab on grade floors are
not insulated. The site has a high water table which increases heat loss to the ground, possibly
offering economic incentive to insulate the floor.
An optimization analysis determined that a 2” thickness of extruded polystyrene insulation (R-10) is
optimal.
Floor Slab Insulation (No In-floor Heat)
$0
$1,000
$2,000
$3,000
$4,000
R-5 R-10 R-15Life Cycle Savings$0
$2,000
$4,000
$6,000
$8,000
R-5 R-10 R-15Life Cycle Savings
Alaska Energy Engineering LLC
Dimond Park Aquatic Center 10 Life Cycle Analysis
Locker Room Floor Slab Insulation (In-floor Heat)
The floor of the Locker Room will be slab on grade with in-floor heat. An optimization analysis
determined that a 3” thickness of extruded polystyrene insulation (R-15) is optimal.
Locker Room Floor Slab Insulation (In-floor Heat)
Competitive Pool Basin Insulation
The competitive pool will have a concrete basin with an average depth of 7’. An optimization analysis
determined that a 4” thickness of extruded polystyrene insulation (R-20) is optimal.
Competitive Pool Basin Insulation
$0
$1,500
$3,000
$4,500
$6,000
R-10 R-15 R-20Life Cycle Savings$27,000
$28,000
$29,000
$30,000
$31,000
R-10 R-20 R-30Life Cycle Savings
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Dimond Park Aquatic Center 11 Life Cycle Analysis
Recreation Pool Basin Insulation
The recreation pool will have a concrete basin with an average depth of 3’. An optimization analysis
determined that a 4” thickness of extruded polystyrene insulation (R-20) is optimal. This is the same
thickness as the competitive pool, but the result is due to two offsetting factors. The recreation pool is
warmer, which increases heat loss, but it is also shallower and has more ground to insulate it from the
ground water, which reduces heat loss.
Competitive Pool Basin Insulation
POOL HEAT LOSS OPTIMIZATION
Covering the pools during night and holiday hours when they are not in use will reduce evaporative
heat loss. The analysis assumes the covers will be used regularly from 10:00 pm to 5:00 am and will
reduce evaporation by 50% (highly conservative).
The optimization analysis determined that pool covers with mechanical operators and a wall mounted
storage system will provide a life cycle savings of $117,000.
$14,000
$16,000
$18,000
$20,000
$22,000
R-10 R-20 R-30Life Cycle Savings
Alaska Energy Engineering LLC
Dimond Park Aquatic Center 12 Life Cycle Analysis
Section 4
Summary
The following table summarizes the construction, maintenance, and energy costs of the ECMs. The
costs are based on quantities taken from the schematic design documents, which may vary as design
progresses.
Energy Conservation Measure Summary (Savings in parenthesis)
Energy Conservation Measure Construction Maintenance Energy Total
Hybrid GSHP System 9 $1,200,000 $56,000 ($2,300,000) ($1,100,000)
Envelope
Walls: 2” exterior XPS 1 $19,300 $0 ($19,100) $ 200
Roof: 6” XPS 2 $102,000 $0 ($158,000) ($56,000)
Translucent Wall Panels: R-10 3 $115,000 $0 $23,000 $138,000
Perimeter Insulation: R-10 4 $2,900 $0 ($6,100) ($3,200)
Floor Slab Insulation (w/o in-floor heat): R-10 5 $33,000 $0 ($39,000) ($6,000)
Locker Floor Insulation (w/ in-floor heat): R-15 6 $5,600 $0 ($11,000) ($5,400)
Competition Pool Insulation: R-20 7 $16,000 $0 ($46,000) ($30,000)
Recreation Pool Insulation: R-20 7 $18,000 $0 ($39,000) ($21,000)
Pool Covers 8 $39,000 $0 ($156,000) ($117,000)
1. Based on adding 2” XPS to baseline R-17 wall assembly.
2. Based on adding 6” XPS to uninsulated roof.
3. Based on adding R-10 translucent wall panels to an R-27 wall assembly (assumes 2” XPS exterior insulation will be added
to the walls to preclude condensation in the wall cavity).
4. Based on adding 2” XPS to uninsulated footings
5. Based on adding 2” XPS to uninsulated floor slab.
6. Based on adding 3” XPS to uninsulated floor slab.
7. Based on adding 4” XPS to uninsulated concrete pool basin.
8. Based on placing covers on pools during night and holiday periods.
9. Based on replacing an electric boiler heating scheme with a hybrid ground source heat pump scheme.
Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Life Cycle Cost Analysis
25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907.789.1226
Juneau, Alaska 99801 alaskaenergy@earthlink.net
Dimond Park Aquatic Center
Basis
25 Study Period (years) 1.9% Real Discount Rate 6.0% Fuel oil inflation
5.0% Nominal Discount Rate 3.0% General Inflation 5.0% Electricity Inflation
Walls Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost
R-22 Construction cost 13,580 sqft 0.94 12,765
Electricity cost 1 - 25 -4,907 kWh 0.097 -11,902
Life Cycle Cost $860
R-27 Construction cost 13,580 sqft 1.42 19,284
Electricity cost 1 - 25 -7,861 kWh 0.097 -19,067
Life Cycle Cost $220
R-32 Construction cost 13,580 sqft 2.30 31,234
Electricity cost 1 - 25 -10,208 kWh 0.097 -24,760
Life Cycle Cost $6,470
June 17, 2008
Year
0
0
0
Roof Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost
R-27 Construction cost 29,329 sqft 2.17 63,644
4" polyiso Electricity cost 1 - 25 -49,062 kWh 0.097 -119,002
Life Cycle Cost -$55,360
R-39 Construction cost 29,329 sqft 3.48 102,065
6" polyiso Electricity cost 1 - 25 -65,062 kWh 0.097 -157,811
Life Cycle Cost -$55,750
R-52 Construction cost 29,329 sqft 5.20 152,511
8" polyiso Electricity cost 1 - 25 -72,292 kWh 0.097 -175,347
Life Cycle Cost -$23,000
Windows Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost
R-10 Construction cost 3,500 sqft 32.83 114,905
Electricity cost 1 - 25 9,302 kWh 0.097 22,562
Life Cycle Cost $137,470
R-20 Construction cost 3,500 sqft 51.94 181,790
Electricity cost 1 - 25 1,725 kWh 0.097 4,184
Life Cycle Cost $185,970
Year
0
0
Year
0
0
0
Page 1
Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Life Cycle Cost Analysis
25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907.789.1226
Juneau, Alaska 99801 alaskaenergy@earthlink.net
Dimond Park Aquatic Center
Basis
25 Study Period (years) 1.9% Real Discount Rate 6.0% Fuel oil inflation
5.0% Nominal Discount Rate 3.0% General Inflation 5.0% Electricity Inflation
June 17, 2008
Wall Perimeter Insulation Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost
R-5 Construction cost 1,935 sqft 1.22 2,361
Electricity cost 1 - 25 -1,800 kWh 0.097 -4,366
Life Cycle Cost -$2,010
R-10 Construction cost 1,935 sqft 1.48 2,864
Electricity cost 1 - 25 -2,512 kWh 0.097 -6,093
Life Cycle Cost -$3,230
R-15 Construction cost 1,935 sqft 2.57 4,973
Electricity cost 1 - 25 -2,875 kWh 0.097 -6,973
Life Cycle Cost -$2,000
Year
0
0
0
Floor Insulation (No In-floor Heat)Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost
R-5 Construction cost 23,094 sqft 0.94 21,708
Electricity cost 1 - 25 -10,631 kWh 0.097 -25,786
Life Cycle Cost -$4,080
R-10 Construction cost 23,094 sqft 1.42 32,793
Electricity cost 1 - 25 -16,244 kWh 0.097 -39,400
Life Cycle Cost -$6,610
R-15 Construction cost 23,094 sqft 1.98 45,726
Electricity cost 1 - 25 -19,904 kWh 0.097 -48,278
Life Cycle Cost -$3,000
Locker Room Floor Insulation (In-floor Heat)Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost
R-10 Construction cost 2,820 sqft 1.42 4,004
Electricity cost 1 - 25 -3,596 kWh 0.097 -8,722
Life Cycle Cost -$4,720
R-15 Construction cost 2,820 sqft 1.98 5,584
Electricity cost 1 - 25 -4,531 kWh 0.097 -10,990
Life Cycle Cost -$5,410
R-20 Construction cost 2,820 sqft 3.17 8,939
Electricity cost 1 - 25 -5,122 kWh 0.097 -12,424
Life Cycle Cost -$3,000
0
0
0
Year
0
0
0
Year
Page 2
Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Life Cycle Cost Analysis
25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907.789.1226
Juneau, Alaska 99801 alaskaenergy@earthlink.net
Dimond Park Aquatic Center
Basis
25 Study Period (years) 1.9% Real Discount Rate 6.0% Fuel oil inflation
5.0% Nominal Discount Rate 3.0% General Inflation 5.0% Electricity Inflation
June 17, 2008
Competition Pool Insulation Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost
R-10 Construction cost 5,055 sqft 1.48 7,481
Electricity cost 1 - 25 -14,860 kWh 0.097 -36,044
Life Cycle Cost -$28,560
R-20 Construction cost 5,055 sqft 3.20 16,176
Electricity cost 1 - 25 -19,079 kWh 0.097 -46,277
Life Cycle Cost -$30,100
R-30 Construction cost 5,055 sqft 4.55 23,000
Electricity cost 1 - 25 -21,027 kWh 0.097 -51,002
Life Cycle Cost -$28,000
0
0
Year
0
Recreation Pool Insulation Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost
R-10 Construction cost 5,724 sqft 1.48 8,472
Electricity cost 1 - 25 -11,786 kWh 0.097 -28,587
Life Cycle Cost -$20,120
R-20 Construction cost 5,724 sqft 3.20 18,317
Electricity cost 1 - 25 -15,889 kWh 0.097 -38,539
Life Cycle Cost -$20,220
R-30 Construction cost 5,724 sqft 4.55 26,044
Electricity cost 1 - 25 -17,952 kWh 0.097 -43,543
Life Cycle Cost -$17,000
Pool Covers Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost
Add Covers Construction cost 1,935 sqft 20.15 38,990
Electricity cost 1 - 25 -64,332 kWh 0.097 -156,040
Life Cycle Cost -$117,050
Year
0
0
Year
0
0
Page 3
Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Life Cycle Cost Analysis
25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907.789.1226
Juneau, Alaska 99801 alaskaenergy@earthlink.net
Dimond Park Aqautic Center
Electric Boiler Heating Scheme
Basis
25 Study Period (years) 3.0% General Inflation
5.0% Nominal Discount Rate 6.0% Fuel Inflation
1.9% Real Discount Rate 5.0% Electricity Inflation
Construction Costs Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost
Hydronic Heating System
Heating Plant
Primary Loop
Electric boilers 2 ea 64,250.00 128,500
Boiler control panel 1 ea 3,220.00 3,220
Primary piping, pumps, and appurtenances 2 ea 7,700.00 15,400
Secondary loop
Secondary pumps 2 ea 4,050.00 8,100
Secondary piping and appurtenances (boiler room) 1 lot 20,000.00 20,000
Pool shell and tube heat exchanger 2 ea 8,850.00 17,700
L l t i i 600 kW 1 75 000 00 75 000
June 17, 2008
Year
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Larger electric service, 600 kW 1 ea 75,000.00 75,000
Building Loop
Hydronic piping loop 1 lot 76,000.00 76,000
Cabinet unit heaters 2 ea 1,970.00 3,940
Unit heaters 4 ea 1,095.00 4,380
Radiant heat zone valves and manafolds 2 ea 1,150.00 2,300
Radiant slab piping 14,380 lnft 2.85 40,983
Domestic Hot Water System
300 gallon indirect HW heater, hw pump, piping, etc. 2 ea 5,125.00 10,250
Ventilation System
AHU-1: 36,400 cfm w/ RF and heat recovery 36,400 cfm 4.00 145,600
AHU-2: 9,900 cfm w/ RF and heat recovery 9,900 cfm 4.75 47,025
Exhaust fans, 250 cfm 4 ea 770.00 3,080
Ductwork, Natatorium 7,000 lbs 10.05 70,350
Ductwork, Ancilliary spaces 11,500 lbs 7.15 82,225
Ductwork, flexible 150 lnft 9.05 1,358
Diffusers and grilles 1 lot 8,600.00 8,600
Motor operated dampers 1 lot 6,000.00 6,000
Volume dampers 40 ea 75.00 3,000
2" rigid insulation 1,300 sqft 3.95 5,135
2" duct lining 1,000 sqft 3.35 3,350
Controls
Microprocessor and programing 1 lot 42,500.00 42,500
DDC system 33,556 sqft 7.10 238,248
Thermostats 12 ea 127.00 1,524
Thermostats w/ guard 4 ea 148.00 592
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Page 4
Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Life Cycle Cost Analysis
25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907.789.1226
Juneau, Alaska 99801 alaskaenergy@earthlink.net
Dimond Park Aqautic Center
Electric Boiler Heating Scheme
June 17, 2008
Construction Costs Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost
Miscellaneous
Test and balance 200 hrs 150.00 30,000
Commission HVAC systems 1 lot 25,000.00 25,000
Premium time 840 hrs 70.00 58,800
CONTINGENCIES
Subcontractors OH&P 15% 176,724
General Contractor OH&P 30% 406,465
Estimating contingency 10% 176,135
Total Construction Costs $1,937,000
Annual Costs Qty Unit Base Cost Present Value
Replacement Costs
Pipe mounted pumps: one $1600 pump every 8 years 1 - 25 2 ea 200.00 7,755
Indirect HW heaters 12 -12 2 ea 5,125.00 8,025
Year
0
0
0
0
0
Years
0
0
Indirect HW heaters 12 12 2 ea 5,125.00 8,025
Maintenance Costs
Boiler maintenance: 2 @ 4 hrs/ea 1 - 25 8 hrs 50.00 7,755
Pump maintenance: 2 @ 4 hrs/ea 1 - 25 8 hrs 50.00 7,755
Hot water tank maintenance: 2 @ 2 hrs ea 1 - 25 4 hrs 50.00 3,877
Miscellaneous parts 1 - 25 1 lot 500.00 9,693
Total Annual Costs $45,000
Energy Costs Qty Unit Base Cost Present Value
Fuel Oil 1 - 25 0 gals 4.12 0
Electricity 1 - 25 2,331,000 kWh 0.1050 6,151,571
Total Energy Costs $6,152,000
$8,134,000
Years
Present Worth
Page 5
Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Life Cycle Cost Analysis
25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907.789.1226
Juneau, Alaska 99801 alaskaenergy@earthlink.net
Dimond Park Aqautic Center
Fuel Oil Boiler Heating Scheme
Basis
25 Study Period (years) 3.0% General Inflation
5.0% Nominal Discount Rate 6.0% Fuel Inflation
1.9% Real Discount Rate 5.0% Electricity Inflation
Construction Costs Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost
Hydronic Heating System
Heating Plant
Fuel Oil System
3,000 gallon buried tank 1 ea 20,000.00 20,000
Containment piping 20 lnft 41.00 820
Connections 4 ea 87.00 348
Trenching 20 cuyd 13.00 260
Primary Loop
Fuel oil boilers 3 ea 21,200.00 63,600
Boiler stacks 3 ea 3,200.00 9,600
Bil t l l 1 3 220 00 3 220
0
0
0
0
0
June 17, 2008
Year
0
0
0
Boiler control panel 1 ea 3,220.00 3,220
Primary piping, pumps, and appurtenances 3 ea 7,700.00 23,100
Secondary loop
Secondary pumps 2 ea 4,050.00 8,100
Secondary piping and appurtenances (boiler room) 1 lot 20,000.00 20,000
Pool shell and tube heat exchanger 2 ea 8,850.00 17,700
Building Loop
Hydronic piping loop 1 lot 76,000.00 76,000
Cabinet unit heaters 2 ea 1,970.00 3,940
Unit heaters 4 ea 1,095.00 4,380
Radiant heat zone valves and manafolds 2 ea 1,150.00 2,300
Radiant slab piping 14,380 lnft 2.85 40,983
Domestic Hot Water System
300 gallon indirect HW heater, hw pump, piping, etc. 2 ea 5,125.00 10,250
Ventilation System
AHU-1: 36,400 cfm w/ RF and heat recovery 36,400 cfm 4.00 145,600
AHU-2: 9,900 cfm w/ RF and heat recovery 9,900 cfm 4.75 47,025
Exhaust fans, 250 cfm 4 ea 770.00 3,080
Ductwork, Natatorium 7,000 lbs 10.05 70,350
Ductwork, Ancilliary spaces 11,500 lbs 7.15 82,225
Ductwork, flexible 150 lnft 9.05 1,358
Diffusers and grilles 1 lot 8,600.00 8,600
Motor operated dampers 1 lot 6,000.00 6,000
Volume dampers 40 ea 75.00 3,000
2" rigid insulation 1,300 sqft 3.95 5,135
2" duct lining 1,000 sqft 3.35 3,350
Controls
Microprocessor and programing 1 lot 42,500.00 42,500
DDC system 33,556 sqft 7.10 238,248
Thermostats 12 ea 127.00 1,524
Thermostats w/ guard 4 ea 148.00 592
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Page 6
Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Life Cycle Cost Analysis
25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907.789.1226
Juneau, Alaska 99801 alaskaenergy@earthlink.net
Dimond Park Aqautic Center
Fuel Oil Boiler Heating Scheme
June 17, 2008
Construction Costs Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost
Miscellaneous
Test and balance 200 hrs 150.00 30,000
Commission HVAC systems 1 lot 25,000.00 25,000
Premium time 840 hrs 70.00 58,800
CONTINGENCIES
Subcontractors OH&P 15% 161,548
General Contractor OH&P 30% 371,561
Estimating contingency 10% 161,010
Total Construction Costs $1,771,000
Annual Costs Qty Unit Base Cost Present Value
Replacement Costs
Pipe mounted pumps: one $1600 pump every eight years 1 - 25 3 ea 200.00 11,632
Indirect HW heaters 12 -12 2 ea 5,125.00 8,025
0
0
0
0
Year
Years
0
0
0
Indirect HW heaters 12 12 2 ea 5,125.00 8,025
Maintenance Costs
Boiler maintenance: 3 @ 20 hrs/ea 1 - 25 60 hrs 50.00 58,159
Pump maintenance: 3 @ 4 hrs/ea 1 - 25 12 hrs 50.00 11,632
Hot water tank maintenance: 2 @ 2 hrs ea 1 - 25 4 hrs 50.00 3,877
Miscellaneous parts 1 - 25 1 lot 1,000.00 19,386
Fuel monitoring calibration 1 - 25 4 hrs 100.00 7,755
Total Annual Costs $120,000
Energy Costs Qty Unit Base Cost Present Value
Fuel Oil 1 - 25 63,200 gals 4.12 7,421,399
Electricity 1 - 25 323,000 kWh 0.0850 690,043
Total Energy Costs $8,111,000
$10,002,000Present Worth
Years
Page 7
Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Life Cycle Cost Analysis
25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907-789-1226
Juneau, Alaska 99801 alaskaenergy@earthlink.net
Dimond Park Aqautic Center
Ground Source Heat Pump Heating Scheme
Basis
25 Study Period (years) 3.0% General Inflation
5.0% Nominal Discount Rate 6.0% Fuel Inflation
1.9% Real Discount Rate 5.0% Electricity Inflation
Construction Costs Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost
SITE WORK
Closed loop vertical well field
Vertical ground exchange wells
Mob/Demob to/from barge lines 2 rt 4,000.00 8,000
Shipping 1 lot 10,000.00 10,000
Drill rig transportation and down time 10 days 5,000.00 50,000
Per Diem; 3 people, 70 days 180 days 175.00 31,500
Drill cased hole, install 1" HDPE loop, remove casing, backfill 33,333 lnft 20.00 666,660
Grout plug at surface 135 holes 100.00 13,500
Exterior piping
June 17, 2008
0
0
0
0
0
0
Year
pp g
Excavate and backfill trench and wells 870 cuyd 11.00 9,570
Install 4" HDPE, SDR 11 mains in trench 2,520 lnft 15.00 37,800
Install 2-1/2" HDPE, SDR 11 in trench 360 lnft 12.00 4,320
Install 2" HDPE, SDR 11 in trench 720 lnft 10.00 7,200
Install 1-1/2" HDPE, SDR 11 in trench 720 lnft 7.60 5,472
Install 1" HDPE, SDR 11 in trench 4,500 lnft 6.10 27,450
Connect supply and return to well 135 ea 125.00 16,875
POOL BUILDING
Hydronic Ground Source System
Source manifold
6" HDPE SDR 11 manifold 40 lnft 55.70 2,228
4" HDPE SDR 11 ground loop piping 50 lnft 37.20 1,860
Manifold valves, gauges, appurtenances 1 ea 3,500.00 3,500
Source pumps, 250 gpm @ 114' head, 15 HP, VFD 3 ea 6,000.00 18,000
Expansion tank, separator, glycol mixing tank 1 job 6,000.00 6,000
Insulated hydronic HDPE piping, supports, seismic 150 lnft 35.00 5,250
Hydronic Heating System
1,080 MBH water-to-water heat pump 2 ea 170,000.00 340,000
Load pumps, 260 gpm @ 48' head, 7.5 HP, VFD 2 ea 5,500.00 11,000
Heating storage tank, 500 gallons 1 ea 4,000.00 4,000
Pool plate and frame heat exchanger 2 ea 20,000.00 40,000
Larger electric service, 425 kW 1 ea 40,000.00 40,000
Building Loop
Hydronic piping loop 1 lot 56,000.00 56,000
Cabinet unit heaters 2 ea 1,970.00 3,940
Unit heaters 4 ea 1,095.00 4,380
Radiant heat zone valves and manafolds 2 ea 1,150.00 2,300
Radiant slab piping 14,380 lnft 2.85 40,983
Domestic Hot Water System
204 MBH water-to-water heat pump 2 ea 25,000.00 50,000
3" HDPE WWHP piping 90 lnft 37.20 3,348
Manifold piping, valves and gauges, HW pumps 2 ea 4,000.00 8,000
300 gallon electric HW tank 2 lot 7,500.00 15,000
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Page 8
Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Life Cycle Cost Analysis
25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907-789-1226
Juneau, Alaska 99801 alaskaenergy@earthlink.net
Dimond Park Aqautic Center
Ground Source Heat Pump Heating Scheme
June 17, 2008
Construction Costs Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost
Ventilation System
AHU-1: 36,400 cfm w/ RF and heat recovery 36,400 cfm 4.10 149,240
AHU-2: 9,900 cfm w/ RF and heat recovery 9,900 cfm 5.00 49,500
Exhaust fans, 250 cfm 4 ea 770.00 3,080
Ductwork, Natatorium 7,000 lbs 10.05 70,350
Ductwork, Ancilliary spaces 11,500 lbs 7.15 82,225
Ductwork, flexible 150 lnft 9.05 1,358
Diffusers and grilles 1 lot 8,600.00 8,600
Motor operated dampers 1 lot 6,000.00 6,000
Volume dampers 40 ea 75.00 3,000
2" rigid insulation 1,300 sqft 3.95 5,135
2" duct lining 1,000 sqft 3.35 3,350
Controls
Microprocessor and programing 1 lot 42,500.00 42,500
DDC system 33,556 sqft 7.25 243,281
0
0
0
0
0
Year
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Csyse ,556 sq 5 ,8
Thermostats 12 ea 127.00 1,524
Thermostats w/ guard 4 ea 148.00 592
Miscellaneous
Test and balance 216 hrs 150.00 32,400
Commission HVAC systems 1 lot 2,750.00 2,750
Premium time 840 hrs 70.00 58,800
CONTINGENCIES
Subcontractors OH&P 15% 346,173
General Contractor OH&P 30% 796,198
Estimating contingency 10% 345,019
Total Construction Costs $3,795,000
Annual Costs Qty Unit Base Cost Present Value
Replacement Costs
DHWHP 15 - 15 1 ea 25,000.00 18,499
Ground loop and load pumps 12 - 12 4 ea 6,500.00 20,357
Maintenance and Repair Costs
Water-to-water heat pumps (4 @ 8 hrs ea) 1 - 25 32 hrs 55.00 34,120
Hot water tank maintenance: 2 @ 2 hrs ea 1 - 25 4 hrs 50.00 3,877
Miscellaneous parts 1 - 25 1 lot 1,500.00 29,079
Total Annual Costs $106,000
Energy Costs Qty Unit Base Cost Present Value
Fuel Oil 1 - 25 0 gal 4.12 0
Electricity 1 - 25 1,405,000 kWh 0.095 3,354,706
Total Energy Costs $3,355,000
$7,256,000Present Worth
0
0
0
Years
Years
0
0
0
0
0
0
Page 9
Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Life Cycle Cost Analysis
25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907-789-1226
Juneau, Alaska 99801 alaskaenergy@earthlink.net
Dimond Park Aqautic Center
Hybrid Ground Source Heat Pump Heating Scheme
Basis
25 Study Period (years) 3.0% General Inflation
5.0% Nominal Discount Rate 6.0% Fuel Inflation
1.9% Real Discount Rate 5.0% Electricity Inflation
Construction Costs Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost
SITE WORK
Closed loop vertical well field
Vertical ground exchange wells
Mob/Demob to/from barge lines 2 rt 4,000.00 8,000
Shipping 1 lot 10,000.00 10,000
Drill rig transportation and down time 10 days 5,000.00 50,000
Per Diem; 3 people, 30 days 150 days 175.00 26,250
Drill cased hole, install 1" HDPE loop, remove casing, backfill 18,800 lnft 20.00 376,000
Grout plug at surface 78 holes 100.00 7,800
Exterior piping
0
0
0
0
0
June 17, 2008
Year
0
pp g
Excavate and backfill trench and wells 750 cuyd 11.00 8,250
Install 2-1/2" HDPE, SDR 11 in trench 1,900 lnft 12.00 22,800
Install 2" HDPE, SDR 11 in trench 720 lnft 10.00 7,200
Install 1-1/2" HDPE, SDR 11 in trench 720 lnft 7.60 5,472
Install 1" HDPE, SDR 11 in trench 1,500 lnft 6.10 9,150
Connect supply and return to well 78 ea 125.00 9,750
POOL BUILDING
Hydronic Ground Source System
Source manifold
4" HDPE SDR 11 ground loop piping 90 lnft 37.20 3,348
Manifold valves, gauges, appurtenances 1 ea 3,500.00 3,500
Source pumps, 250 gpm @ 114' head, 15 HP, VFD 2 ea 6,500.00 13,000
Expansion tank, separator, glycol mixing tank 1 job 6,000.00 6,000
Insulated hydronic HDPE piping, supports, seismic 150 lnft 35.00 5,250
Hydronic Heating System
1,080 MBH water-to-water heat pump 1 ea 195,000.00 195,000
Electric boiler 1 ea 64,250.00 64,250
Load pumps, 260 gpm @ 52' head, 7.5 HP, VFD 2 ea 6,500.00 13,000
Heating storage tank, 300 gallons 1 ea 3,200.00 3,200
Pool plate and frame heat exchanger 2 ea 20,000.00 40,000
Larger electric service, 600 kW 1 ea 55,000.00 55,000
Building Loop
Hydronic piping loop 1 lot 56,000.00 56,000
Cabinet unit heaters 2 ea 1,970.00 3,940
Unit heaters 4 ea 1,095.00 4,380
Radiant heat zone valves and manafolds 2 ea 1,150.00 2,300
Radiant slab piping 14,380 lnft 2.85 40,983
Domestic Hot Water System
204 MBH water-to-water heat pump 2 ea 25,000.00 50,000
3" HDPE WWHP piping 90 lnft 37.20 3,348
Manifold piping, valves and gauges, HW pumps 2 ea 4,000.00 8,000
300 gallon HW tank 2 lot 7,500.00 15,000
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Page 10
Alaska Energy Engineering LLC Life Cycle Cost Analysis
25200 Amalga Harbor Road Tel/Fax: 907-789-1226
Juneau, Alaska 99801 alaskaenergy@earthlink.net
Dimond Park Aqautic Center
Hybrid Ground Source Heat Pump Heating Scheme
June 17, 2008
Construction Costs Qty Unit Base Cost Year 0 Cost
Ventilation System
AHU-1: 36,400 cfm w/ RF and heat recovery 36,400 cfm 4.10 149,240
AHU-2: 9,900 cfm w/ RF and heat recovery 9,900 cfm 5.00 49,500
Exhaust fans, 250 cfm 4 ea 770.00 3,080
Ductwork, Natatorium 7,000 lbs 10.05 70,350
Ductwork, Ancilliary spaces 11,500 lbs 7.15 82,225
Ductwork, flexible 150 lnft 9.05 1,358
Diffusers and grilles 1 lot 8,600.00 8,600
Motor operated dampers 1 lot 6,000.00 6,000
Volume dampers 40 ea 75.00 3,000
2" rigid insulation 1,300 sqft 3.95 5,135
2" duct lining 1,000 sqft 3.35 3,350
Controls
Microprocessor and programing 1 lot 42,500.00 42,500
DDC system 33,556 sqft 7.35 246,637
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Year
0
0
Csyse ,556 sq 5 6,6
Thermostats 12 ea 127.00 1,524
Thermostats w/ guard 4 ea 148.00 592
Miscellaneous
Test and balance 216 hrs 150.00 32,400
Commission HVAC systems 1 lot 2,750.00 2,750
Premium time 840 hrs 70.00 58,800
CONTINGENCIES
Subcontractors OH&P 15% 283,982
General Contractor OH&P 30% 653,158
Estimating contingency 10% 283,035
Total Construction Costs $3,113,000
Annual Costs Qty Unit Base Cost Present Value
Replacement Costs
DHWHP 15 - 15 1 ea 25,000.00 18,499
Ground loop and load pumps 12 - 12 4 ea 6,500.00 20,357
Maintenance and Repair Costs
Boiler maintenance: 1 @ 4 hrs/ea 1 - 25 4 hrs 50.00 3,877
Water-to-water heat pumps (3 @ 8 hrs ea) 1 - 25 24 hrs 55.00 25,590
Hot water tank maintenance: 2 @ 2 hrs ea 1 - 25 4 hrs 50.00 3,877
Miscellaneous parts 1 - 25 1 lot 1,500.00 29,079
Total Annual Costs $101,000
Energy Costs Qty Unit Base Cost Present Value
Fuel Oil 1 - 25 0 gal 4.12 0
Electricity 1 - 25 1,573,000 kWh 0.097 3,834,908
Total Energy Costs $3,835,000
$7,049,000
0
0
Years
Years
Present Worth
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Page 11
Installation, Operation and Maintenance Manual IOMM THR
Group: Chiller
Part Number: 350243601
Effective: March 2002
Supercedes: New
THR Reciprocating Templifiers
THR 040E to THR 210E, Packaged Water Heater
500 to 3000 MBH
R-22, R134a
50/60 Hz