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Sub task 7 .. 1 0
Phase 1 Final Draft Report
Aquatic Studies Program
AOF & G I Su Hydro 1982
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ALASKA POWER AUTHORITY
SUSITNA HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT
Sub task 7 .. 1 0
Phase 1 Final Draft Report
Aquatic Studies Program
AOF & G I Su Hydro 1982
by
Alaska Department of Fish and Game
Susitna Hydro AQuatic Studies
2207 Spenard Road
Anchorage. Alaska 99503
tor
Acres American Incorporated
Uberty Bank Building, Main at Court
Buffalo, New York 14202
ARLIS
Alaska Resources
Library & Information Setvices
Anchorage, Alaska
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
LIST OF FIGURES..................................................... iii
L I ST 0 F TABLEs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ; X
LIST OF PLATES ................ I •••••••• I •••••••••••••••••••••••••••• xi i
LIST OF APPENDIX TABLES............................................. xi ii
1. INTRODUCTION ................................................... .
1.1 Background and Objectives ................................ .
1.2 Description of Study Area ................................ .
1.3 Methods .........................................•.........
2. FISHERIES AND HABITAT RELATIONSHIPS ........................... .
2.1 Introduction ............ ·-................................ .
2.2 Salmon Periodicity and Sonar Counts in
Relation to Discharge ...•...........•...................
2.3 Percent Incidence of Selected Fish Species
in Relation to Discharge ..........•.....................
2.4 Percent Trapping Incidence of Selected
Fish Species in Relation to Point Specific
Depth and Velocity ......•...............................
2.5 Bering Cisco Spawning Habitat Evaluation .............. ~···
2.6 Matrixes of Fishery and Physiochemical
O.bserva ti ons. ·-......................................... .
2.7 Chum and Sockeye Adult Salmon Observations
in Selected Sloughs in Relation to Mainstem
Discharge ... ,_ ........................................... .
2.8 Fisheries and Habitat Relationships in the
Proposed Impoundment Area .............................. .
2.8.1 Introduction .......•...............................
2.8.2 Water Quality ..................................... .
2.8.3 Substrate .......................................... .
2.8.4 Streamflow and Channel Morphology ................. .
2 .. 8.5 Conclus.ions ........................................ .
E-1-1
E-1-1
E-1-7
E-1-8
E-2-1
E-2-1
E-2-1
E-2-12
E-2-24
E-2-30
E-2-35
E-2-43
E-2-49
E-2-49
E-2-49
E-2-57
E-2-59
E-2-61
3. HABITAT RELATIONSHIPS.......................................... E-3-1
3.1 Introduction ............................................. .
3.2 Discharge and Turbidity Relationships .....•...............
3.3 Differences Between Surface Water Temperatures
at Matnstem Locations .................................. .
3.4 Diel Surface Water Temperature Fluctuations .............. .
3.5 Selected Slough Habitat Studies .......................... .
i
E-3-1
E-3-1
E-3-8
E-3-8
E-3-21
TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)
Page -
3.5.1 Introduction •••....•...............•.....•..•......
3.5.2 Relationships Between Water Quality
in the Mainstem River and Selected
Sloughs with Respect to Mainstem
Discharge ............. 0 •••••• e •••••••••• D. 1;1 ...... e • .e
3.5.3 Relationships Between Water Quality
Characteristics in Study Sloughs .....•...•......•
E-3-21
E-3-25
E-3-29
4. PREDICTIVE MODELS.............................................. E-4-1
4.1 I ntroducti o·n .............................................. .
4.2 Stage Analysis ...•.•.....•...••...••.•..•..•......•.......
4.3 Water Temperature Analysis •.•.......•..••...........•.....
4.4 Pre-project and Post-project Flow Comparisons ......•......
E-4-1
E-4-1
E-4-13
E-4-15
5. CONCLUSION..................................................... E-5-1
6. CONTRIBUTORS. . • • • . . • . . • . • . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . • • . . • . • . . . . . . • . . • . . • . . . E-6-1
7. ACKNO\~LEDGEMENTS .........•...•.•.•••.•••.•....•....••.......... E-7-1
8. REFERENCES..................................................... E-8-1
9. APPENDIX....................................................... E-9-1
i i
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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure E.1.1
Figure E.l. 2
Figure E.2.1
Figure E.2.2
Figure E. 2. 3
Figure E.2.4
Figure E.2.5
Figure E.2.6
Figure E.2.7
Figure E. 2.8
Figure E.2.9
Susitna River drainage basin ..................... .
Drainage map of the Susitna River
showing phase 1 study areas ...................... .
Hydrograph (discharge vs. time) for
May-September 1981 for the Susitna
River at Gold Creek, Sunshine, and
Susitna stations and for the Yentna
River near Susitna Station (USGS
1981) .............................................. .
Provisional periodicity for the
various life phases of chinook salmon
as it relates to discharge of the
Susitna River (USGS 1981} ........................ .
Provisional periodicity for the
various life phases of coho salmon
as it relates to discharge of the
Susitna River (USGS 1981} ........................ .
Provisional periodicity for the
various life phases of chum salmon
as it relates to discharge of the
Susitna River (USGS 1981) ........................ .
Provisional periodicity for the
.various life phases of pink salmon
as it relates to discharge of the
Susitna River (USGS 1981) ........•................
Provisional periodicity for the
various life phases of sockeye salmon
as it relates to discharge of the
Susitna River (USGS 1981) .............•.........•.
Sonar counts of adult chinook salmon at
each AA sonar site as compared to
discharge of the Susitna River (adapted
from USGS 1981 and ADF&G 1981a) .................. .
Sonar counts of adult coho salmon at
each AA sonar site as compared to
discharge of the Susitna River (adapted
from USGS 1981 and ADF&G 1981a) ................•..
Sonar counts of adult chum salmon at
each AA sonar site as compared to
discharge of the Susitna River (adapted
from USGS 1981 and Jl..DF&G 1981a) ................. ..
iii
Page
E-1-2
E-1-4
E-2-6
E-2-7
E-2-8
E-2-9
E-2-10
E-2-11
E-2-13
E-2-14
E-2-15
LIST OF FIGURES (Continued)
F i g u re E . 2 . 1 0
Figure E. 2 .11
Figure E.2.12
Figure E. 2.13
Figure E.2.14
Figure E.2.15
Figure E.2.16
Figure E.2.17
Sonar counts of adult pink salmon at
each AA sonar site as compared to
discharge of the Susitna River (adapted
from USGS 1981 and ADF&G 1981a) ................•..
Sonar counts of adult sockeye salmon at
each AA sonar site as compared to
discharge of the Susitna River (adapted
from USGS 1981 and ADF&G 1981a) ...............•...
Changes in the percent incidence of burbot
catch in the Talkeetna to Devil Canyon
reach of the Susitna River as it relates
to mainstem discharge of the Susitna
River at Gold Creek (adapted from USGS
1981 and ADF&G 1981f) ........................•....
Changes in the percent incidence of rainbow
trout catch in the Talkeetna to Devil Canyon
reach of the Susitna River as it relates
to mainstem discharge of the Susitna
River at Gold Creek (adapted from USGS
1981 and ADF&G 1981 f) ....•....•.............•.....
Changes in the percent incidence of chinook
salmon fry {age 0+) catch in the Talkeetna
to Devil Canyon reach of the Susitna
River as it relates to mainstem discharge
of the Susitna River at Gold Creek
(adapted from USGS 1981 and AOF&G 1981f) ......... .
Trapping incidence data for juvenile
chinook salmon versus point specific
depth and mean column water velocity
data collected in minnow traps at
habitat locations, 1981 (AOF&G 1981c
and d) .............................................. .
Trapping incidence data for rainbow
trout versus point specific depth
and mean column water velocity data
collected by trot lines at habitat
locations, 1981 (ADF&G 198lc and f) .............. .
Bering cisco spawning area on the
Susitna River at Sunshine, R.M. 78.0
to R.M. 79.0, October 13, 1981
(adapted from ADF&G 1981 f) ....................... .
iv
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E-2-16 -
E-2-17 -
E-2-18 -
E-2-19 -
E-2-20
E-2-27 -
E-2-28
E-2-32
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LIST OF FIGURES (Continued)
Figure E.2.18
Figure E.2.19
Figure E.2.20
Figure E.2.21
Figure E.3.1
Figure E.3.2
Figure E.3.3
Figure E.3.4
Figure E.3.5
Bering cisco spawning area on the
Susitna River at Montana Creek
(Sites 1 and 2), R.M. 76.0 to
R.M. 77.5, October 15, 1981
(adapted from ADF&G 1981f) .•...•.•..•.•.•.........
Bering cisco spawning area on the
Susitna River at mainstem West
Bank R.M. 75.0 October 13, 1981
(adapted from ADF&G 1981f) .......................•
Locatinn of selected habitat slough
sites along the Susitna River between
Talkeetna and Portage Creek (adapted
from ADF&G 1981a) ................................ .
Sampling design for identifying
habitat location and miscellaneous fish
habitat study sites in the Impoundment
study reach tributaries .•.....•.•.•.......•.......
Mainstem turbidity (Talkeetna to
Portage Creek reach) versus mainstem
discharge of the Susitna River at
Gold Creek (adapted from ADF&G 1981c
and USGS 1981) .................................... .
Slough turbidity (Talkeetna to
Portage Creek reach) versus mainstem
discharge of the Susitna River at
Gold Creek (adapted from ADF&G 1981c
and USGS 1981) ......•....•.•.............•.......•
Mainstem turbidity (downstream of
Talkeetna) versus mainstem discharge
of the Susitna River at Sunshine
(adapted from ADF&G 198lc and USGS
1981 ) ............................................ .
Slough turbidity (downstream of
Talkeetna) versus mainstem discharge
of the Susitna River at Sunshine
(adapted from ADF&G 1981c and USGS
1981 ) ............................................. .
Mainstem turbidity of the Susitna
River as a function of time at the
following sites: below Deshka River
(R.M. 31.0); above the Parks Highway
Bridge (R.M. 84.0); above Gold Creek
(R.M. 136.9) and above Jay Creek
( R. M. 203. 9) ....................................... .
v
E-2-33
E-2-34
E-2-46
E-2-50
E-3-2
E-3-3
E-3-4
E-3-5
E-3-7
LIST OF FIGURES (Continued)
Figure E.3.6
Figure E.3.7
Figure E.3.8
Figure E.3.9
Figure E.3.10
Figure E.3.11
Figure E.3.12
Figure E.3.13
Figure E.3.14
Figure E.3.15
Figure E.3.16
Mean daily mainstem surface water
temperature profile for the Susitna
River for June 20, 1981 .......•...................
Mean daily mainstem surface water
temperature profile for the Susitna
River for June 30, 1981 ..........................•
Mean daily mainstem surface water
temperature profile for the Susitna
River for July 17, 1981 ........••.................
Mean daily mainstem surface water
temperature profile for the Susitna
River for July 29, 1981 .............•....•........
Mean daily mainstem surface water
temperature profile for the Susitna
River for August 15, 1981. ...................... ..
Mean daily mainstem surface water
temperature profile for the Susitna
River for August 25, 1981. ...................... ..
Mean daily mainstem surface water
temperature profile for the Susitna
River for September 8 and 11, 1981 ......••........
Mean daily mainstem surface water
temperature profile for the Susitna
River for September 28, 1981 .•...•....•....•...•..
Comparison of weekly diel surface
water temperature variations in
Slough 21 and the mainstem Susitna
River at Portage Creek (adapted
from ADF&G 1981c) •••.................•......•....•
Comparision of weekly diel surface
water temperature variations in
Montana Creek and the mainstem
Susitna River at the Parks Highway
Bridge (adapted from ADF&G 1981c) ........•........
Susitna River gradient between Tal-
keetna and Portage Creek showing
positions of selected habitat study
sloughs (adapted from R&M 1982b) .................. .
vi
E-3-10 -·
E-3-11
-E-3-12
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E-3-13 -
E-3-14 -
E-3-15
E-3-16
E-3-17 -
E-3-18
E-3-19
E-3-22 -
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LIST OF FIGURES (Continued)
Figure E.3.17
Figure E.3.18
Figure E.4.1
Figure E.4.2
Figure E.4.3
Figure, E. 4. 4
Figure £.4.5
Figure E.4.6
Figure E.4.7
Planimetric map of Slough 8A ....•.....•..•.•......
Planimetric map of Slough 9 ...•...................
Comparison of the observed stage/
discharge relationship (ADF&G 1981c)
to the predicted WSEL/discharge
relationship (R&M 1982a, b) for the
Susitna River at Talkeetna Base
Camp (R.M. 101.0) ....•..............•.............
Comparison of the observed stage/
discharge relationship (ADF&G 1981c)
to the predicted WSEL/discharge
relationship (R&M 1982a, b) for the
Susitna River at the Mainstem 2
habitat 1 ocation (R.M. 114.4) ................... ..
Comparison of the observed stage/
discharge relationship (ADF&G 1981c)
to the predicted WSEL/discharge
relationship (R&M 1982a, b) for the
Susitna River at the Curry Fishwheel
Camp (R.M. 120.7) ................................. .
Comparison of the observed stage/
discharge relationship (ADF&G 1981c)
to the predicted WSEL/discharge
relationship (R&M 1982a, b) for the
Susitna River at the Curry habitat
location (R.M. 120.7) ..........•......•...........
Comparison of the observed stage/
discharge relationship (ADF&G 1981c)
to the predicted WSEL/discharge
relationship (R&M 1982a, b) for the
Susitna River at the Mainstem
Susitna-Inside Bend habitat location
Page
E-3-23
E-3-24
E-4-5
E-4-6
E-4-7
E-4-8
(R.M. 136.9) ...... _......... ..... .... .......... ... .. E-4-9
Comparison of the observed stage/
discharge relationship (ADF&G 1981c)
to the predicted WSEL/discharge
relationship (R&M 1982a, b) for the
Susitna River at Slough 168 (R.M. 138.0) ......... .
Comparison of the observed stage/
discharge relationship (ADF&G 1981c)
to the predicted WSEL/discharge
relationship (R&M 1982a, b) for the
Susitna River at Slough 19 (R.M. 140.0) .......•...
vii
E-4-10
E-4-11
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LIST OF FIGURES (Continued)
Page -
Figure E.4.8 Comparison of the observed stage/
discharge relationship (ADF&G 1981c)
to the predicted WSEL/discharge
relationship (R&M 1982a, b) for the
Susitna River at the Mainstem Susitna -
Island habitat location (R.M. 146 . 9 ) .............. E-4-12 -
Figure E. 4 . 9 Mean monthly pre-project (USGS 1977,
1978a, 1978b, 1979) and predicted ~~ (R&M 1982a, b) post-project power
(Case A scenario) discharge (cfs)
of the Susitna River at Gold Creek
for the period 1950-1978 .......•.................. E-4-20 -·
Figure E.4.10 Mean monthly pre-project (USGS 1977,
1978a, 1978b, 1979) and predicted -(R&M 1982a) post-project power
(Case A scenario) discharge (cfs)
of the Susitna River at Sunshine
for the period 1950-1978 ...•....•................. E-4-21 -
Figure E.4 .11 Mean monthly pre-project (USGS 1977,
1978a, 1978b, 1979) and predicted -(R&M 1982a) post-project power
(Case A scenario) discharge (cfs)
of the Susitna River at Susitna
Station for the period 1950-1978 ............•..... E-4-22
Figure E.4.12 Mean monthly pre-project (USGS 1978a)
and predicted (R&M 1982a) post--project power (Case A scenario)
discharge (cfs) of the Susitna
River at Gold Creek for the
years 1950-1964 and pro-·~
visional periodicity of adult
salmon spawning and passage ........•..........•... E-4-23
Figure E.4.13 Mean monthly pre-project (USGS 1977,
1978a, 1978b, 1979) and predicted
(R&M 1982a) post-project power
(Case A scenario) discharge (cfs)
of the Susitna River at Gold Creek
for the years 1965-1978 and pro-
visional periodicity of adult salmon .,.,
spawning and passage •.......................•.•... E-4-24
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viii
LIST OF TABLES
Table E.2.1
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Table E. 2. 2
Table E.2.3
Table E.2.4
Table E.2.5
Table E.2.6 -
Table E.2. 7
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Provisional USGS discharge data (cfs)
for the Susitna River at Gold Creek,
Sunshine, and Susitna Station and for
the Yentna River near Susitna Station
for the period of May -September,
1981 (USGS 1981) ..............•.........•..•....•.
Bering cisco spawning site evaluation
on the Susitna River, October 10-13,
1981 {adapted from ADF&G 1981c, f) •...............
Matrix of observed fish species and
physiochemical parameters for habitat
locations in the Yentna study reach
of the Susitna River, May-September,
1981 (adapted from ADF&G 1981a, c,
d, f, g) .......................................... .
Matrix of observed fish species and
physiochemical parameters for habitat
locations in the Sunshine study reach
of the Susitna River, May-September,
1981 (adapted from ADF&G 1981a, c,
d, f, g) ............ ;.. ..... -......................... .
Matrix of observed fish species and
physiochemical parameters for habitat
locations in the Talkeetna study reach
of the Susitna River, May-September,
1981 (adapted from ADF&G 1981a, c,
d, f, g) ......................................... .
Matrix of observed fish species and
physiochemical parameters for habitat
locations in the Gold Creek study reach
of the Susitna River, May-September,
1981 (adapted from ADF&G 1981a, c,
d, f, g) ................................ ~··········
Matrix of observed fish species and
phys i ochemi ca 1 parameters for habitat
locations in the Impoundment study reach
of the Susitna River, May-September,
1981 (adapted from ADF&G 1981a, c,
d, f, g) •••••• ·-···· ................................ .
ix
E-2-2
E-2-31
E-2-36
E-2-37
E-2-38
E-2-39
E-2-40
LIST OF TABLES (Continued)
Table E.2.8
Table E.2.9
Table E.2.10
Table E.2.11
Table E.2 .12
Table E.2.13
Table E.3.1
Table E.4.1
Matrix of observed fish species and
physiochemical parameters for the
selected habitat slough study sites
of the Susitna River, May-September,
1981 (adapted from ADF&G 1981a, c,
d,f,g) ........................................... e
Comparison of adult sockeye and chum
salmon escapement counts for Sloughs
SA, 9, 98, 19, and 21 (ADF&G 1981a)
to Susitna River discharge data (cfs)
at Gold Creek (USGS 1981) •.•..••••.•..•..•..•••••.
Arctic grayling hook and line catch
and effort at habitat location sites
in the lower mile of each tributary
in the Impoundment study area, 1981
(adapted from ADF&G 198lg) .•.•••.....•..•••....•••
Arctic grayling hook and line catch
and effort at miscellaneous fish
habitat sites between the mouth and
proposed impoundment elevations
(PIE) at each tributary in the
Impounpment study area, 1981
(adapted from ADF&G 1981g) •..•..•..•.••....•••.•.•
Arctic grayling hook and line total
catch by tributary between the mouth
and proposed impoundment elevations
(PIE) and month in the Impoundment
study area, 1981 (adapted from ADF&G
198lg) .................... ····~··············· ... .
Arctic grayling population estimates
for tributaries in the Impoundment
study area, 1981 (adapted from ADF&G
1981 g ) ............................................. .
Mainstem Susitna River surface water
temperatures, oc (ADF&G 1981c) for
various sites used in developing
Figures E.3.6-E.3.13, 1981 .............•...•.•••
Comparison of observed stage (ADF&G
1981c) to predicted water surface
elevation (WSEL) data (R&M 1982a, b)
at various Susitna River discharges,
cfs (USGS 1981), used in developing
Figures E .4 .1 -E.4 .8 •••.•••.••••..•......•••••.••
X
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E-2-51
E-2-52
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-E-2-54
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E-3-9
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E-4-3 -
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LIST OF TABLES (Continued)
Table E.4.2
Table E.4.3
Table E.4.4
Tab 1 e E.4 .5
Comparison of observed mean monthly
surface water temperatures, °C (ADF&G
1981c), to predicted mean monthly
surface water temperatures (Acres
1982) for the Susitna River ..........•............
Case A scenario mean monthly post-
project power discharge (cfs) for
the Susitna River at Gold Creek
(R&M 1982a) for the years 1950-
1978. • • • • a • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
Mean monthly pre-project discharge
(cfs) for the Susitna River at Gold
Creek (USGS 1977, 1978a, 1978b, 1979)
for the years 1950-1978 .•......•..•...••..•....•..
Comparison of mean monthly pre-project
(USGS 1977, 1978a, 1978b, 1979) and
predicted post-project power discharges
(cfs) (R&M 1982a), for the Susitna
River at Gold Creek, Sunshine and
Susitna Station over the period of
1950-1978 ....................................... ·-.
xi
E-4-14
E-4-16
E-4-17
E-4-19
LIST OF PLATES
Plate 1
Plate 2
Plate 3
Plate 4
Plate 5
Plate 6
Plate 7
Plate 8
Plate 9
Plate 10
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Gill net set at Slough West Bank
(R.~1. 65.6) ...................................... .
Baited fry trap set at Whiskers Creek .......•.....
Seining Jay Creek Slough .....•....................
Electrofishing in lower Jay Creek .........•.......
Arctic grayling with Flay anchor
tag .............................................. .
Confluence of Susitna River and
Kosina Creek in the Impoundment
study reach, showing mixing of
clear and turbid waters ..••...••...•....•..•....•.
Mouth of Slough 9 (mainstem
Susitna discharge 7,920 cfs),
October 14, 1981 ...•....•.••.•.•..••...........••.
View of head of Slough 168 (mainstem
Susitna River discharge 14,500 cfs),
September 9, 1981 ................................ .
View of mouth of Slough 168 (mainstem
Susitna River discharge 14,500 cfs),
September 9, 1981 ....•..•.•.....•.•.•...........•.
Aerial view of Slough 19 (mainstem
Susitna discharge 7,440 cfs),
October 15, 1981 .•...•......•......•....•.•.......
xii
E-2-22
E-2-25
E-2-56
E-2-58
E-2 -60
E-2-63
E-3-26
E-3-28
E-3-30
E-3-32
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LIST OF APPENDIX TABLES
Table EA-1
Table EA-2
Table EA-3
i
Table EA-4
Table EA-5
Table EA-6
Table EA-7
Table EA-8
Table EA-9
Table EA-10
Table EA-11
Table EA-12
Table EA-13
Table EA-14
Head pin elevations in Slough 8A surveyed October 7-10,
1981 ................................................... I •••• EA-2
Cross section elevations in transect 1 (first head) of
Slough 8A, surveyed October 10, 1981. Transect was
dewatered .........................................•........ EA-3
Cross section elevations in transect 2 (second head) of
Slough 8A, surveyed October 10, 1981. Transect was
dewatered ........•...•..................................... EA-4
Cross section elevations in transect 3 (third head) of
Slough 8A, surveyed October 10, 1981. Transect was
dewatered ...•.............................................. EA-5
Cross section elevations in transect 4 (fourth head) of
Slough 8A, surveyed October 10, 1981. Transect was
dew a tered.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . EA-6
Cross section elevations in transect 5 (fifth head) of
Slough 8A, surveyed October 11, 1981. Transect was
dewatered ................................................... EA-7
Cross section elevations in transect 6 (sixth head) of
Slough 8A, surveyed October 10, 1981. Transect was
dewatered ..........................•....................... EA-9
Cross section elevations in transect 7 (mouth) of Slough
8A, surveyed October 10, 1981. ............................. EA-10
Head pin elevations in Slough 9, surveyed October 12-14,
1981. ................................•...................... EA-11
Cross section elevations in transect 1 (head) of Slough 9,
surveyed October 14, 1981. Transect was dewatered ......... EA-12
Cross section elevations in transect 2 of Slough 9,
surveyed October 14, 1981. Transect was dewatered •........ EA-14
Cross section elevations in transect 3 of Slough 9,
surveyed October 14, 1981. ................................. EA-15
Cross section elevations in transect 4 of Slough 9,
surveyed October 14, 1981.................................. EA-16
Cross section elevations in transect 5 (mouth) of Slough
9, surveyed October 14, 1981 ............................... EA-17
xiii
-
LIST OF APPENDIX TABLES (Continued)
Table EA-15 Head pin elevations in Slough 168, surveyed September 9,
10, 16,and 17, 1981 ........................................ EA-18 -Table EA-16 Cross section elevations in transect 1 (mouth) of Slough
168, surveyed September 9, 1981. ........................... EA-20
Table EA-17 Cross section elevations in transect 2 of Slough 168,
surveyed September 17, 1981. ............................... EA-21
Table EA-18 Cross section elevations in transect 3 of Slough 168, -surveyed September 16, 1981. ............................... EA-22
Table EA-19 Cross section elevations in transect 4 of Slough 168,
surveyed September 16, 1981. ............................... EA-23
Table EA-20 Cross section elevations in transect 5 of Slough 168,
surveyed September 16, 1981. ............................... EA-24 -
Table EA-21 Cross section elevations in transect 6 of Slough 168,
surveyed September 16, 1981 ................................ EA-25 -
Table EA-22 Cross section elevations in transect 7 of Slough 168,
surveyed September 16, 1981 ....•...................•....•.. EA-26
Table EA-23 Cross section elevations in transect 8 of Slough 168,
surveyed on September 16, 1981. ............................ EA-27
Table EA-24 Cross section elevations in transect 9 of Slough 168,
surveyed on September 16, 1981. ............................ EA-28
Table EA-25 Cross section elevations in transect 10 of Slough 168,
surveyed September 16, 1981. ............................... EA-29
Table EA-26 Cross section elevations in transect 11 of Slough 168,
surveyed September 16, 1981 ................................ EA-30
Table EA-27 Cross section elevations in transect 12 of Slough 168,
surveyed September 16, 1981. ............................... EA-31
1able EA-28 Cross section elevations in transect 13 of Slough 168,
surveyed September 10, 1981 ...................•............ EA-32 -
Table EA-29 Cross section elevations in transect 14 of Slough 168,
surveyed September 10, 1981. ............................... EA-33
Table EA-30 Cross section elevations in transect 15 of Slough 168,
surveyed September 10, 1981 .....•.......................... EA-34
xiv
LIST OF APPENDIX TABLES (Continued) -
Table EA-31 Cross section elevations in transect 16 of Slough 168,
surveyed September 10, 1981. ............................... EA-35
Table EA-32 Cross section elevations in transect 17 (head) of Slough
168, surveyed September 9, 1981. Transect was dewatered ... EA-36
Table EA-33 Head pin elevations in Slough 19, surveyed September 25,
1981 ....................•.................................. EA-37
Table EA-34 Cross section elevations in transect 1 {mouth) of Slough
19. surveyed September 26, 1981. ........................... EA-38
Table EA-35 Cross section elevations in transect 2 of Slough 19,
surveyed September 26, 1981. ............................... EA-39
Table EA-36 Cross section elevations in transect 3 of Slough 19,
surveyed September 26, 1981. ............................... EA-40
Table EA-37 Cross section elevations in transect 4 of Slough 19, --surveyed September 26, 1981................................ EA-41
Table EA-38 Cross section elevations in transect 5 of Slough 19,
'~ surveyed September 26, 1981. ............................... EA-42
Table EA-39 Cross section elevations in transect 6 of Slough 19,
surveyed September 26, 1981 ................................ EA-43
Table EA-40 Cross section elevations in transect 7 of Slough 19,
surveyed September 26, 1981................................ EA-44
Table EA-41 Cross section elevations in transect 8 of Slough 19,
surveyed September 26, 1981. Transect was dewatered ....... EA-45
Table EA-42 Cross section elevations in transect 9 of Slough 19,
surveyed September 26, 1981 ................................ EA-46
Table EA-43 Cross section elevations in transect 10 {head) of
Slough 19, surveyed September 26, 1981. .................... EA-47
Table EA-44 Head pin elevations in Slough 21, surveyed August
24-27, 1981 ..•...•......•.............•.................... EA-48
Table EA-45 Cross section elevations in transect 1 {head) of Slough
21, surveyed September 5, 1981. Transect was dewatered .... EA-50
Table EA-46 Cross section elevations in transect 1-A (head) of Slough
21, surveyed September 5, 1981. Transect was dewatered .... EA-51
XV
LIST OF APPENDIX TABLES (Continued) -
Table EA-47 Cross section elevations in transect 1-B of Slough 21,
surveyed September 5, 1981. Transect was dewatered ........ EA-52
Table EA-48 Cross section elevations in transect 2 of Slough 21,
surveyed September 5, 1981. Transect was dewatered ........ EA-53
Table EA-49 Cross section elevations in transect 2-A of Slough 21,
surveyed September 5, 1981 ................................. EA-54
Table EA-50 Cross section elevations in transect 3 of Slough 21, -surveyed September 5, 1981 ...................... ; .......... EA-55
Table EA-51 Cross section elevations in transect 4 of Slough 21,
surveyed September 5, 1981 ................................. EA-56
Table EA-52 Cross section elevations in transect 5 of Slough 21,
surveyed August 25, 1981................................... EA-57
Table EA-53 Cross section elevations in transect 5-A of Slough 21,
surveyed August 25, 1981. ....••...................•..••...• EA-58
Table EA-54 Cross-section elevations in transect 6 of Slough 21,
surveyed August 25, 1981 .................•................. EA-59
Table EA-55 Cross section elevations in transect 7 of Slough 21.
surveyed August 25, 1981. .................................. EA-60
Table EA-56 Cross section elevations in transect 8 of Slough 21,
surveyed August 25, 1981 ................................... EA-61
Table EA-57 Cross section elevations in transect 9 of Slough 21,
surveyed August 25, 1981. .................................. EA-62
Table EA-58 Cross section elevations in transect 10 of Slough 21,
surveyed August 25, 1981. .................................. EA-63
Table EA-59 Cross section elevations in transect 11 of Slough 21,
surveyed August 25, 1981 •..............•........•.......... EA-64
Table EA-60 Cross section elevations in transect 12 of Slough 21,
surveyed August 25, 1981. .................................. EA-65
Table EA-61 Cross section elevations in transect 13 of Slough 21,
surveyed August 25, 1981 ..............................•..•. EA-66 -
xvi
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-i
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l. lNTRODUCfl ON
-
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background and Objectives
This report highlights and compares selected physical, chemical, and
biological data contained in a series of reports evaluating the feasibility of
the Susitna Hydroelectric (Su-Hydro) project. The feasibility study reports
were submitted to Acres American Inc. {Acres) by the Alaska Department of Fish
and Game {ADF&G) Su-Hydro Aquatic Studies Team and other project i nvesti-
gators. Acres was contracted in 1979 by the Alaska Power Authority (APA) to
assess the feasibility of the proposed two dam Susitna Hydroelectric project.
The feasibility assessment includes a five year, two-phase fish ecology study
program. Objectives established for this program are (Acres 1980):
1. describe the fishery and aquatic habitat resources of the Sus i tna
River (Figure E.1.1);
2.
3.
assess the impacts of development and operation of the Su-Hydro
project on these resources; and
propose mitigation measures to minimize adverse impacts.
The ADF&G Aquatic Studies Team was contracted by the APA under a Reimbursable
Services Agreement to begin the collection program directed at meeting the
first objective. The second and third objectives were subcontracted to
Terrestrial Environmental Specialists (TES) by Acres in 1980.
E-1-1
J
Map Area
;/ , ,.,
/ .,..,...------....
/
I
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' ......... ........ ,,
', ........ ..... , .......
' ' \
/
I
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Figure E.l.l. Susitna River drainage basin.
J
/
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',
' ' ' ' ........ ..... _ ---.... ' ' \
\
' ' ' I
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// fl'-..... / / ...... ______ .,
Drainage Boundary
.._ __ ,
I I
I I I ....., __ ...
-
-
The ADF&G data collection program (designed to meet objective one) was
initiated in November 1980. The ice-covered (November 1980-May 1981) portion
of the field data collection program was subdivided into two sections: 1)
Resident and Juvenile Anadromous Fish Studies (RJ), and Aquatic Habitat and
Instream Flow Studies (AH). During the open water field season (June
1981-0ctober 1981), the program was subdivided into three sections: Adult
Anadromous Fish Studies {AA), RJ, and AH.
Specific objectives of the AA, RJ, and AH sections based on a five year study
program are:
1. determine the seasonal distribution and relative abundance of adult
anadromous fish populations produced within the study area (Figure
E.1.2) (AA);
2. determine the seasonal distribution and relative abundance of
selected resident and juvenile anadromous fish populations within
the study area (RJ); and
3. characterize the seasonal habitat requirements of selected
anadromous and resident fish species within the study area {AH).
Following preliminary data reduction, field data collected by the ADF&G during
1980-1981 were summarized in a series of six reports (ADF&G 1981a, b, c, d, f,
g). Progress towards meeting the first ADF&G aquatic study objective included
the collection of escapement data which gave a description of the five adult
salmon populations which returned to the Susitna River during an odd-year
E-1-3
fTl
I .......
I ..p:.
~
N
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/
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l
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,-
SUSITNA RIVER DRAINAGE BASIN
~ 1981 Open Water Study Area
~ 1980-1981 Winter Study Area
.---i
1 1 River Drainage Study Area ___ ...
Figure E.1.2. Drainage map of the Susitna River showing phase 1 study areas.
-
-·
-
-
salmon run (ADF&G 1981a and b)*. AA field studies in 1981 did not include an
assessment of the seasona 1 distribution and relative abundance of eul achon
(Thaleichthys pacificus) or Bering cisco (Coregonus laurettae). Bering cisco,
not previously known to utilize this system, were observed spa\·-ming in the
Susitna River during 1981 (ADF&G 1981f).
Progress on the second aquatic study objective included describing the
distribution and abundance of selected resident and juvenile anadromous fish
observed over one year (ADF&G 1981d, f, g). Although some of this information
was quite detailed [e.g. information on Arctic grayling (Thymallus arcticus)
populations in the proposed impoundment area], other data were quite sparse
and did not permit definitive determinations of distribution or abundance.
For example, the extent, location, and duration of fresh-water rearing of
juvenile sockeye populations is largely unknown.
Progress towards addressing the third aquatic study objective was limited to a
first attempt at describing the aquatic resources of selected areas in the
Susitna River and characterizing the relationships between the fishery
resources and their aquatic habitats. The description of the aquatic habitat
relationships studied by AH in 1980-1981 are summarized in the AH report
(ADF&G 1981c).
To accomplish the three aquatic study objectives, additional information will
be required through succeeding years. Relationships between the fishery
* Salmon runs vary on a year to year basis (e.g. pink salmon escapement is
usually highest during even years).
E-1-5
resources and aquatic habitat which can presently be identified are
preliminary and are limited to those fish species/life stages and habitat
areas in which data on both fish distribution/abundance and aquatic habitat
characteristics are most complete. These relationships were not reported in
detail in the six ADF&G reports. Therefore, one of the objectives for
preparing this report is to present a better description of these
fishery/aquatic habitat relationships. Accordingly, the first chapter of this
report describes those fishery/aquatic habitat relationships which can be
developed given existing information.
A second objective of this report is to expand the discussions describing the
relationships between individual physical and chemical {physiochemical)
aquatic habitat parameters contained in the earlier AH report (ADF&G 198lc).
Accardi ngly, the second chapter describes the relationships observed between
individual aquatic habitat parameters (eg. temperature and turbidity) and
discharge. These are some of the obvious relationships which can be affected
by the installation and operation of the proposed dams.
A third objective of this report is to discuss some of the preliminary
physical computer mode1s which have been developed by Acres and their
subcontractors to predict postproject temperature and stage/discharge
relationships of the Susitna River downstream of the two dams. Comparisons
between predicted
characteristics are
and observed
included in
stage, temperature,
this chapter. Predicted
and
and
discharge
observed
discharge characteristics are also related to provisional periodicity data on
E-1-6
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~\
"''"
-
-
r-
1
adult anadromous salmon spawning activity. These data could also be used to
refine the existing models and identify additional data collection require-
ments.
It should be emphasized that this report should not be interpreted as an
impact analysis : a more thorough analysis of the six previously produced
ADF&G reports (ADF&G 198la, b, c, d, f, and g), this report, and other
documents (e.g. ADF&G 1974, 1976, 1977, 1978; ADNR 1977, 1979; R&M 1982a) by a
designated contractor is required. Also, note that the analysis and
summarization of information contained in this report is ~ intended to
substitute for the six individual ADF&G aquatic study summary reports.
1.2 Description of Study Area
The study area was 1 imited to the mainstem Susitna River and the mouths of
major tributaries (Figures E.1.1, E.1.2). The Susitna River is approximately
275 miles long from its sources in the Alaska Mountain Range to its point of
discharge into Cook Inlet. Its drainage encompasses an area of 19,400 square
miles. The mainstem and major tributaries of the Susitna River, including the
Chulitna, Talkeetna and Yentna Rivers, originate in glaciers and carry a heavy
load of glacial flour during the ice-free months (approximately May through
October). There are many smaller tributaries which are perennially clear.
Specific descriptions of the study sites and additional details are presented
in the AA, AH and RJ reports (ADF&G 1981a, b, c, d, f, g).
E-1 -7
Anadromous fish species inhabiting the Susitna River include eulachon, Bering
cisco, and five of the six species of Pacific salmon (chinook, Oncorhynchus
tschawytscha; coho, Q. kisutch; chum, Q. keta; sockeye, Q. nerka; and pink, Q.
gorbuscha). With the exception of sockeye salmon, the majority of upper Cook
Inlet salmon production occurs within the drainage (ADF&G 198lb).
Some of the important resident species found in the Susitna River drainage
include Arctic grayling, rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri), lake trout
(Salvelinus namaycush), burbot (Lata lata), Dolly varden (Salvelinus malma),
and round whitefish (Prosopium cylindraceum).
The principal impacts of the proposed Susitna Hydroelectric project on fish
species will likely result from changes in the natural flow regimes of the
river; of particular concern are: modification of seasonal instream flows*,
increased turbidity levels during winter months, and variation of thennal and
chemical parameters. The feasibility studies will ultimately provide the
basis for quantifying these impacts and evaluating mitigation options.
1.3 Methods
Data collection methods are discussed in the ADF&G Procedures Manual (ADF&G
198le) and AH, RJ and AA subject reports (ADF&G 1981a, b, c, d, f, g). Data
analysis techniques utilized in this report are discussed in the respective
sections.
* The quantity or flow of water which is present in a river or stream at a
given location and time constitutes the instream flow.
E-1-8
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2. FISHERIES PI·ID HABITAT RELATHliSHIPS
-i
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2. FISHERIES AND HABITAT RELATIONSHIPS
2.1 Introduction
This chapter describes several fishery/aquatic habitat relationships which can
presently be developed. These relationships are limited to those areas in
which data on both fish di !;itribution/abundance and aquatic habitat
characteristics are most complete. It should be noted, however, that
infonnation en all species and their corresponding habitats in the Susitna
River is still in a preliminary stage of development and analysis.
2.2 Salmon Periodicity and Sonar Counts in Relation to Discharge
Changes in discharge can influence fish behavior and activities (Hynes 1970;
Hocutt et al. 1980). Provisional discharge data (Table £.2.1) for the Susitna
River at Gold Creek, Sunshine (Parks Highway Bridge), arid Susitna Station
gaging sites, and the Yentna River gaging site (T.R.M. 10)*, for the period
May through September 1981, are presented as hydrographs (discharge versus
time plots) in Figure E.l.1
Figures £.2.2 -£.2.6 combine the Susitna River hydrographs with provisional
periodicity charts illustrating the known seasonal timing of spawning,
incubation, rearing, and passage for each of the five species of salmon
inhabiting the Susitna River in two reaches downstream of Devil Canyon (R.M. 0
-R.M. 84 and R.M. 84 -R.M. 149}.** The periodicity charts are based on a
combination of the data presented in the AA and RJ subject reports (ADF&G
*
**
Tributary river mile.
Susitna river mile.
E-2-1
~~
Table E.2.1. Provisional USGS discharge data (cfs) for the Susitna River at
Gold Creek, Sunshine, and Susitna Station and for the Yentna River
near Susitna Station for the period of May -September, 1981
(USGS 1981).
Susitna River Yentna River
Date Gold Creek Sunshine Susitna Susitna
810501 28,000 10,000
810502 35,000 10,000
810503 45,000 11 ,000
810504 60,000 12,000
810505 70,000 14,000
810506 70,000 17,000
810507 75,000 25,000 ""'' 810508 35,300 80,000 45,000
810509 56,600 95,000 50,000
810510 24,000 49,300 100,000 52,000 """ 810511 22,400 46,000 95,000 52,000
810512 20,000 42,800 85,000 50,000
810513 18,400 41,000 80,000 45,000
810514 19,100 41,000 80,000 . 40,000 """ 810515 21,800 44,700 85,000 40,000
810516 21,900 45,600 95,000 45,000
810517 20,700 44,600 110,000 45,000 -810518 19,100 42,000 100,000 50,000
810519 18,200 41,100 100,000 54,000
810520 17,000 39,400 100,000 58,100
810521 14,600 37,000 99,800 60,500 ~·
810522 12,700 34,000 91,100 50,900
810523 11 ,300 31,400 83,200 44,500
810524 10,800 32,700 '76 ,400 40,500
810525 11 '700 31,800 75,100 39,700
810526 13 ,300 34,500 78,700 43,300
810527 14,600 37,000 86,900 49,500
810528 16,400 40,500 94,900 52,900
810529 19,900 46,700 102,000 54,100
810530 20,500 48,400 105,000 55,700
810531 22,400 51,600 110,000 58,900 -810601 27,600 62,400 120,000 62,200
810602 23,400 57,200 122,000 60,900
810603 19,000 48,000 112,000 57,000
810604 17,000 44,800 103,000 53,200 -
810605 17,000 43,300 98,900 49,600
810606 19,100 46,600 98,000 48,000
810607 18,000 45,700 94,900 43,900 ~
810608 15,800 43,100 94,700 45,300
810609 16,700 44,300 94,300 46,600
810610 18,300 47,200 99,500 49,400 ~ 810611 16,200 43,700 97,200 44,500
810612 14,800 41,200 90,200 42,700
810613 14,000 40,200 89,000 42,900
---Data unavailable.
E-2-2
Table E.2.1 (Continued).
Susitna River Yentna River
!""" Date Go1d Creel< Sunshine Susitna Susitna
810614 14,200 40,900 89,700 44,600
810615 15,300 42,000 93,000 47,900
810616 18,200 47,400 98,800 50,900
810617 18,300 50,700 105,000 52,700
810618 17,400 51,100 113,000 58,600
810619 17,200 52,700 117,000 63,000
810620 16,600 53,100 121,000 66,600
810621 17,000 53,500 122,000 67,200
810622 16,800 53,600 122,000 65,500
810623 16,500 51,400 117,000 61,000
810624 16,600 51,900 116,000 60,500
810625 17,100 51,600 117,000 61,400 -810626 17,200 50,000 118,000 61,500
810627 18,000 49,000 117,000 60,500
810628 23,000 52,000 119,000 61,100
810629 24,100 56,000 127,000 57,900
810630 24,000 56,000 132,000 57,800
810701 21,800 51,000 131,000 49,200
810702 18,800 46,000 115,000 41,600
810703 16,200 43,000 103,000 38,500
810704 14,600 42,000 95,200 37,700
810705 13,900 42,000 91,600 38,300
810706 14,600 46,000 89,800 39,200
810707 16,900 50,000 92,600 42,700
810708 24,800 56,000 98,300 45,500
"""' 810709 24,900 68,000 108,000 43,400
810710 36,300 86,000 119,000 51,600
810711 49,100 100,000 183,000 76,700
810712 58,200 130,000 198,000 78,000
810713 49,300 115,000 189,000 68,300
810714 38,600 100,000 176,000 67,500
810715 32,200 99,000 174,000 78,400
810716 34,000 98,700 189,000 95,100
810717 38,400 98,500 200,000 95,300
810718 43,000 97,100 194,000 85,900
810719 43,500 97,100 189,000 79,000 ,_ 810720 43,000 96,800 186,000 76,900 :
i 810721 40,800 97,000 190,000 81,800 I
810722 35,900 90 '100 185,000 78,100
f""' 810723 33,100 87 '100 172,000 72,900
810724 34,200 86,500 168,000 69,200
810725 36,100 88,800 166,800 69,600
810726 37,500 90,200 176,000 78,700
f"""' 810727 36,300 86,500 173,000 75,500
810728 31,000 80,000 158,000 65,200
.....
-E-2-3
Table E.2.1 (Continued).
Susitna River Yentna River
Date Gold Creek Sunsfiine Susitna Susitna ~
810729 28,800 75,100 146,000 60,400
810730 28,100 76,000 142,000 58,400
810731 26,200 78,900 140,000 57,300
810801 33,100 78,800 134,000 53,800
810802 51,900 126,000 174,000 68,400
810803 49,500 116,000 223,000 83,200
810804 40,200 99,400 201,000 72,500
810805 32,300 85,600 171,000 65,000
810806 27,500 76,800 154,000 61,500
810807 26,200 72,500 146,000 60,000
810808 28,800 73,600 146,000 64,400
810809 40,400 84,600 161,000 77,500 -810810 42,600 92,300 176,000 79,300
810811 43,500 95,000 185,000 84,000
810812 42,400 96 ,500 190,000 91,900
810813 46,400 104,000 217,000 113 ,000
810814 51,300 110,000 227,000 97,800
810815 50,800 118,000 223,000 83,400
810816 48,400 117,000 228,000 69,100
810817 40,900 98,500 201,000 53,500
810818 32,900 81,600 161 ,000 43,900
810819 30,200 73,000 138,000 38,300
810820 34,200 76,400 132,000 36,600
810821 41,300 82,800 137,000 39,600
810822 41,700 84,700 142,000 36,400
810823 37,900 81,600 138,000 35,000 ~~
810824 33,400 74,700 130,000 33,600
810825 28,600 65,500 120,000 32,100
810826 25,600 61,500 113,000 32,300
810827 24,200 60,200 110,000 36,300 -810828 24,200 61,200 113,000 41,000
810829 23,900 62,100 116,000 45,400
810830 23,600 62,300 120,000 47,800 ~
810831 22,400 60,700 120,000 48,000
810901 21,500 58,800 117,000 48,200
810902 20,200 54,800 113,000 44,000
810903 18,300 49,200 106,000 38,900 ~-~
810904 16,600 44,400 97,800 37,200
810905 16,000 41,300 93,000 36,000
810906 15,700 40,800 90,100 36,500 -810907 15,800 40,500 90,500 39,200
810908 15,900 39,200 91,200 36,700
810909 14,500 37,000 84,900 31,000
810910 14,200 34,400 76,000 27,000 -
810911 14,300 34,200 69,800 24,500
E-2-4 -
Table E.2.1 (Continued).
"'""
Susitna River Yentna River -Date Gold Creek Sunshine Susitna Susitna
810912 14,100 34,600 67,100 23,300
F"" 810913 13,200 33,300 66,200 23,600
810914 12,700 31,800 63,500 22,700
810915 11,800 30,500 58,400 20,700
810916 11,300 29,000 54,200
810917 11 ,300 28,000 51,000
810918 10,800 27,000 48,000
810919 10,500 27,000 46,000
810920 11,400 28,000 44,000
810921 12,200 29,000 43,000
810922 11,600 27,000 45,000
810923 10,600 26,000 41,000
810924 10,400 24,000 38,000
810925 10,100 23,000 36,000
810926 9,560 22,000 35,000
"""' 810927 8,890 21,000 34,000
810928 20,000 33,000
810929 . 19,000 33,000
810930 19,000 32,000
811001 10,500 43,000
811002 10,300 42,000
811003 10,100 40,000
811004 9,800 39,000
811005 9,520 38,000
811006 9,380 37,000
811007 9,340 39,000
811008 9,760 42,000
811009 10,100 44,000
811010 9,700 47,300 -811011 8,820 42,500
811012 8,160 38,300
811013 7,620 34,400
811014 7,290 32,500
811015 7,440 33,100
,.. ---Data unavailable.
F"'
E-2-5
250
200
,-,
0
0
0
X
(/)
lL 150 0 .......
w
0
m a:
I <(
N I I 0 0'1 100 (/)
0
50
10 20
MAY
20
JUNE
10
JULY
10 20
AUGUST
PROVISIONAL USGS 1981
DISCHARGE DATA
Susitna River
Yentna River---------·
Susitna St•llion
Sunshine
Gold Crook
10 20
SEPTEMBER
Figure E.2.1. Hydrograph (discharge vs. time) for May-September 1981 for the Susitna River at
Gold Creek. Sunshine, and Susitna stations and for the Yentna River near Susitna
Station (USGS 1981}.
J
1"11
I
N
I
.......
··~
CHINOOK
t (/)<1i f~
12· ~~
f
€S
~~
~~ 12~
~it (/)~
~~
Q.
~
0 g 200
X
(JJ
"-8
w 100
C) a:
~
~
i5
Spawning *
Incubation •
Rearing
Adult Passage
Spawning *
Incubation*
Rearing
Adult Passage
* Data unavailable.
1
----Susilna Slalion (USGS 16294350)
·············•· Sunshine (USGS 152927110)
--Gold Creek (USGS 162911000)
6/15
6~15
9/2
9/7
USGS .19111
Proviaianal Data
Figure E.2.2. Provisional periodicity for the various life phases of chinook sal-
mon as it relates to discharge of the Susitna River (USGS 1981).
Consult ADF&G for further interpretation.
rr1
I
N
I
())
COHO
t ~~
f2• ~~
f
5
~~
~! f2~
~ ~---a.
§ 200
oX
U) ...
8
~ 100
~ :r
0
!a
D
Spawning •
lncuballon •
Rearing
Adull Paaeage
Spawning
Incubation •
Rearing
Adult Pauage
• Data unavailable.
----Sualtna Station (USGS 1629431ilil) 1: fl\
·········-···· Sunahlne (USGS 15292780) P"' 1\ } I
--Gold Creek (USGS 151!92000) 1 '\/V \
I ~ ~\
,, .......... '\ 11/i II. \"'
A ,, / \,..) yj\...._, 1\ 1\ \ ,u" I "V{h ,
{ /'...... 1\.A,/' ...... J .... " \. ....
I ..., .............. ~
6/27 9/1
8/ 1 10/2
7127 9 19
USGS, 1981
Provial.onal Data
Figure E.2.3. Provisional periodicity for the various life phases of coho salmon
as it relates to discharge of the Susitna River (USGS 1981}. CoA-
sult AOF&G for further interpretation.
J
rr1
I
N
I
1.0
····~
CHUM
L (/)l ~~
~· ~~
f
5
~~
~.~ 0~ 1-o
~;
~~
Q;
0
8 200
~
X
(/)
u.
8
Spawning
100
•
Incubation •
Rearing
Adull Passagu
Spawning
Incubation •
Rearing
Adull Passage
• Data unavailable.
Figure E.2.4.
1
6127
1/15
4/25 715
1 17
9/ 6
9/ 6
9/1Jj
USGS,1981
Provisional Data
DEC
Provisional periodicity for the various life phases of chum salmon
as it relates to discharge of the Susitna River (USGS 1981).
Consult ADF&G for further interpretation.
n1
I
N
I
Cl
PINK
0 c
2 200
X
Vl
IJ..
0
w 100
Cl a:
<(
J:
0
Vl
i5
0
t Spawning "
I; Incubation "
~· ~; Rearing
f AduU Passage
6 Spawning
~~ • ~! Incubation
oi? .....
f~ Rearing
;J
~~
0.
AduU Passage
" Dala unavailable.
----Susitna Stalion (USGS 15294350)
··········•···· Sunshine (USGS 15292780)
---Gold Creek (USGS 15292000)
"' f1 II
M"' '' Jl I \\1\1 I
I 1j 'f I
I ' ~\
• "·/' ':\ • 1_, '' r I ' r. ' , \ ~ ,, I '" I \,J i • i; f, \
i\1 \./ ,.1 :· ''\ •• • ... j~f~ 1.. \
I i ~· •t ~'\ \.
I :-: , .......... i ·····~ \ 1\..... :" ~ ..... , ...... ' ,.._
I -..,; -.... ' ..............
JAN FEB MAR AI'R
6127 9/2
8/ 9/4
4/25 /23
/16 8 20
USGS, 1961
-Provisional Data
NOV DEC
Figure E.2.5. Provisional periodicity for the various life phases of pink salmon
as it relates to discharge of the Susitna River (USGS 1981). Con-
sult ADF&G for further interpretation.
J
rn
I
N
I
-'
-'
SOCKEYE
t
~~
l:?· ~~
~
0 g 200
X
. (J]
u.
0
1'j 100
~
l:
()
(/)
i5
Spawning *
Incubation*
Rearing
]
----Susitna Station (USGS 15294~b0)
·••·····••·•·•• Sunshine (U3GS 15292790)
---Gold Creek (~SG~ 152?2000)
USGS, 191M
Provisional Data
f Adull Passage 6/23 9/4
6 Spawning 8/ 9/ 5
~~ ~~ Incubation*
0~ ~'-•
!; Rearing '
~~ Adult Passage 71 9/29 a: .
• Data unavailable.
Figure E. 2. 6. Provisional periodicity for the various life phases of sockeye sal-
mon as it relates to discharge of the Susitna River (USGS 1981).
Consult ADF&G for further interpretation.
1981a, b, d), field observations by Su-Hydro and other ADF&G personnel, and
review of drafts of these charts by Su-Hydro staff. The data presented in
these charts are in a preliminary stage of refinement and the ADF&G should be
consulted regarding their interpretation. Periodicity charts were not
developed for resident fish species due to insufficient data.
Generally, passage of adult salmon corresponded with the peak periods of the
hydrograph (Figures E.2.2 -E.2.6). Spawning of adult salmon occurred during
the waning of the peak flow periods. However, passage of adult salmon on a
day to day basis, as monitored by daily sonar counts of adult salmon (Figures
E.2.7-E.2.11), indicated that salmon movements decreased during periods of
highest flows and increased as flows subsided following major flow events.
Apparently, peak flows, with the corresponding increased water velocities,
discouraged passage and encouraged milling.
2.3 Percent Incidence of Selected Fish Species in Relation to Discharge
The percent incidence of catch for three fish species at habitat sites*
between Talkeetna and Devil Canyon were compared with mainstem Susitna River
discharge at Gold Creek from June through September 1981 (Figures E. 2.12 -
E.2.14). Percent incidence of catch equals the total number of habitat
locations where at least one individual of the target species was captured,
divided by the total number of habitat locations that were sampled during a
designated sampling period, multiplied by 100.
* See ADF&G 1981a, c, d, f and g for descriptions and listings of habitat
locations.
E-2-12
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
~""'
-
-
-
ADF&G SONAR
STATIONS
350
260
"' ... z ::> 210 0 SUSITNA STATION u
(AM 26) 0: .. z 140
0 / "'
70
75
60
"' ~ I
>-z ::> 45 0
YENTNA STATION u ,~-\J (TAM 4) 0: .. z 30
0
Ul
15
300
240
"' ,...
z 180 ::;)
0
SUNSHINE STATION u
a: (AM SOl .. 120 z
0
<J)
60
125
100
<J)
~
CHINOOK
/i
' !
l
1
200
0
0 ::
150 ::2 u
'" <:l
100 0: .. :r w
5
50
0 150 0
~
~ u
100
'" <:l a: .. :r u
50 ~
"
150 0
~
::2 u
100 -
50
150
'" (!1
0: .. z u
"' 5
0
0 ~
USGS GAGING
SITES
SUSITNA STAT\ON
(USGS 15294350)
(AM 26)
YENTNA RIVER
(USGS 15294345)
(TRM 10)
SUNSHINE
[USGS 15292780)
CAM 84j
TALKEETNA STATION 8
(AM 103) 0: .. z
0
75 ::2
100 u GOLD CREEK
(USGS 15292 OOOJ
[AM 137]
Figure E. 2. 7.
50
"'
25
·--·-
6/20 S/30 7/10 7120 7130 8/10 8/20 8/30 9/10
DATE
Daily Sonar-
Count Dischar-ge
( CFS x 1000)
w
<:l
0: .. z 50 u
<J)
5
Sonar counts of adult chinook salmon at each AA sonar
site as compared to discharge of the Susitna River
(adapted from USGS 1981 and ADF&G 1981a).
E-2-13
AOF&G SONAR
STATIONS
SUSITNA
{AM 26]
YENTNA
(TRM 4)
SUNSHINE
(RM 80)
TALKEETNA
cAM 103]
Figure E.2.8.
~'
z
5
()
0::
<: z
0
"'
"' z :;:,
0
()
0::
<: z
0
"'
0::
< z
0
"'
0::
<: z
0
"'
3000
2400
1800
1200
600
1500
1200
900
600
300
2500
2000
1500
1000
soo
250 -
200 -
150 -
100-
so
COHO
(~~
i
.-..... _ .. /\
' ' \ . .i
,·,
_.•"';,M_ ~ ;)
._..,...,-J
1 I I
\k
'
'·,j
1'1 I I
I \
r.J \
I
. A
!"l
'
\
\..:
6120 6/30 7! T-0 7/20 7130 8/TO 8/20 8/30 9/10
DATE
I-
I
Oa•~v Sonar
C.:ii.lnt
C)!~charge
( CFS x 1000 )
200
150 "'
50
150
so
150
G
c c
2
0
0
2
100 "' G
50
USGS GAGING
SITES
SciSITNA ST A liON
[USGS 15294350)
(RM 26)
SUNSHINE
iUSGS t 5292780)
(RM 84)
GOLD CREEK
cusc: 152920000)
(AM t37l
Sonar counts of adult coho salmon at each AA sonar site
as compared to discharge of the Susitna River (adapted
from USGS 1981 and ADF&G 1981a).
E-2-14
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
,...
-
-
-
-
ADF&G SONAR
STATIONS
"' f-z
~
0
SUS I TNA STA T!ON U
(RM 26) a: < z
0
"'
(/)
f-z
~
YENTNA STATION 8
(TAM 4) a:
SUNSHINE STATION
(RM 80)
< z
0
"'
"' f-z
~
TALKEETNA STATION 8
CAM 103) a: < z
0
"'
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
1000
.aoo
600
400
200
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
700
560
420
280
14{)
CHUM
: '·-~--..
8/20 6/30 7110 7/20 7130 8110 8/20 8/30 9110
DATE
Daily Sonar Count
DischarQe
( CFS x 1000 )
200
150
100
50
150
~ 100 a: <
i'5
"' i5
50
0
150
100 :f
()
50
150
100 ~
()
w
0 a:
50 ~
()
"' a
USGS GAGING
SITES
SUSITNA STA T!ON
(USGS 15294350)
(RM 26)
YENTNA RIVER
(USGS 1 5294345)
[TAM 10)
SUNSHINE
(USGS 15292780]
(AM 84]
GOLD CREEK
(USGS 1 5 292000)
CRM 137)
Figure E.2.9. Sonar counts of adult chum salmon at each AA sonar site
as compared to discharge of the Susitna River {adapted
from USGS 1981 and ADF&G 1981a).
E-2-15
ADF&G SONAR
STATIONS
SUSITNA STATION
[AM 261
YENTNA STATION
[TAM 4)
SUNSHINE STATION
[RM 80)
TALKEETNA STATION
[RM 103)
U)
1-z
5 u
"' <( z
0
"'
"' 1-z
:l
12,500
10,000
7500
5000
2500
3250
2600
0 1950 u
a:
<(
PINK
! \
} ~ _;
'
;.·--·· .•. \.
...... ····.\.
.........
5 1300
Cl) / •• -· .............. ..
"' 1-z
650
9000
7200
5 5400
u
0: < 5 3600
"'
1800
6/20 6/30 7/10 7120 7/30 8110 8/20 8/30 9/10
DATE
~--O.aily Sonar
Couni
Di~char(le
( CFS X 1000 )
200
150
100
50
150
100
50
0
150
100
50
50
0
0 =
U)
"-u
LIJ
'-' 0: < ::t: u
"' 0
0 g
"' u.. u
"' '-' a: <(
::t: u
>:! c
0
0 =
U) u.. u
w
'-' 0:
<(
::t: u >a c
0
0
0
~
USGS GAGING
SITES
SUS\TNA STATION
[USGS 1 5294350]
[AM 26]
YEN TNA RIVER
(USGS 15294345]
[TAM 10)
SUNSHINE
[\JSGS 15292780]
CAM 84)
GOLD CREEK
(USGS 15292000)
CAM 137)
Figure E.2.10. Sonar counts of adult pink salmon at each AA sonar
site as camp a red to discharge of the Sus i tna River
(adapted from USGS 1981 and ADF&G 1981a).
E-2-16
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
P""
'"""
~ ...
~Iii!!
""---
r-
-
"""'
-
-
ADF&G SONAR
STATIONS
SUSlTNA STATION
(RM 26)
YENTNA STATION
{TRM 4)
SUNSHINE STATION
(AM 60)
TALKEETNA STATION
(AM 103)
"' ,...
:z
32,500
26,000
6 19,500
(.)
J: < g 13,000
"'
6500
16,500
13,200
"' ,_
z
:J 9900 0
()
"' < z 6600 0
CD
3300
9000
7200
"' ,_
z
:J 5400 0
()
"' < z 3600 0
"'
1800
375
300
"' ,...
z
:J 225
0
0
"' < 150 z
0
(j)
75
Figure E.2.11.
SOCKEYE USGS GAGING
SITES
/""1
I 200
0
0
;:!
150
"' u.
() SUSITNA STATION
w (USGS 15294350) (!l
100 a: (RM 26) < J:
()
"' i5
50
150
0
0
;:!
'~ (f) u.. TOO () YENTNA RIVER H ,,
w (USGS 15294345) ~ I ·,
v'\j\J \ G (TRM 10] J: < J:
()
\/\ 50 !!!
0 -"' -\'-
' 0
150
0
0
/ ;:!
i I .. , 100 "' ! f u. SUNSHINE (.) \ /\ \/ \ (USGS 15292780)
\'-\ w
G CAM 84) "' \ 50 < a: ---~--()
"' i5
150
0
0
;:!
100 (j) u.
() GOLD GREEK
w (USGS 15292000)
(!l (RM 137) a: < 50 J:
0
(j)
i5
0
6/20 6130 7110 7120 7130 8110 8120 8130 9/10
DATE
Daily sOnar Discharge
Count ( CFS x iOOO )
Sonar counts of adult sockeye salmon at each AA sonar
site as compared to discharge of the Susitna River
(adapted from USGS 1981 and ADF&G 1981a).
E-2-17
IT1
I
N
I ......
co
100
6
o----<1 Discharge
BUR BOT ~ Percenl Incidence
6 80
;-"\
0
0
0 4
T"" 60
X
C/)
lL
8 3
w
Cl 40
a:
<
J:
0 2
C/) -0
20
1
May June July August September October
Figure E.2.12. Changes in the percent incidence of burbot catch in the Talkeetna to Devil Can-
yon reach of the Susitna River as it relates to mainstem discharge of the Susit-
na River at Gold Creek (adapted from USGS 1981 and ADF&G 198lf).
J
w
0
z
w
0
0
z
.....
z
w
0
a:
w
a.
.)
m
I
N
I
I-'
1.0
o--o Discharge
RAINBOW TROUT l!,')iS:yJ Percent Incidence
6
r"\
0
0
0 4 ....
)(
C/)
u.
8 3
w
CJ 40
0:
< :c 2 0
C/)
0
20
1
May June July August September October
Figure E.2.13. Changes in the percent incidence of rainbow trout catch in the Talkeetna to
Devil Canyon reach of the Susitna River as it relates to mainstem discharge of
of the Susitna River at Gold Creek (adapted from USGS 1Y81 and ADF&G 198lf).
w
0
z
w
0
0
z
1-
z
w
0
0:
w
0...
rn
I
N
I
N
0
J
6
.,....
0
0
0 4 ,...
X
en
1L
0 3 ~
w
(!)
a:
<
:I: 2 (J
en
0
1
May
CHINOOK SALMON
(AGE 0+)
June July August
00
<>----'> Discharge
F~:.c',~:,;J Percent Incidence
September October
Figure E.2.14. Changes in the percent incidence of chinook salmon fry tage 0+) catch in the
Talkeetna to Devil Canyon reach of the Susitna Kiver as it relates to mainstem
discharge of the Susitna River at Gold Creek (adapted from USGS 1981 and
ADF&G 19131 f) •
,}
w
0
z
LU
0
0
z
1-
z
LU
0
a:
w
a..
-
Burbot, rainbow trout, and juvenile chinook salmon {age class 0+)* were
selected for analysis because sampling techniques used to capture these
species remained consistent throughout the open water season. Accardi ngly,
the percent incidence figures reflect actual changes in fish distribution.
Percent incidence for each species was ca 1 cul a ted for minnow traps and trot
lines for each two week period between June and September 1981. An equivalent
number of study sites were sampled at mainstem {5), slough and side channel
(7), and tributary mouth (5) habitat locations. Discharge data used in this
analysis were recorded at the Gold Creek gaging station (USGS 1981). The
percent incidence for all three species may not represent actual fish
distribution for the June 1 through 15 and September 16 through 30 sampling
periods due to limited sampling efforts. Likewise, data collected during peak
discharge events may reflect gear efficiency rather than the influence of
discharge on the suitability of fish habitat.
Changes in the percent incidence of burbot catch appear to coincide with
similar changes in discharge (Figure E.2.12). Burbot were captured at fewer
locations during low flows resulting in a corresponding low percent incidence
of catch. The relative increases of both percent incidence of burbot catch
and discharge may indicate that additional suitable habitat is available at
higher flows. Burbot catches, during low flow conditions, were primarily
restricted to the mainstem Susitna and deeper slough and side channel
habitats. During higher flows, burbot were captured at a greater number of
habitat locations, including shallow side-channels, sloughs, and tributary
mouths.
*Age was determined by length/frequency and scale analysis (see ADF&G 1981d).
E-2-21
-
-
1""' 0:::
~ c
10 ,....., o::J
-+-'
V)
OJ
3
,_c
en
:;:::5
0
r-
tn
-+-'
10
-+-'
OJ
V)
-+-'
OJ c
•r--~
,......
Q)
-+-' -10
r-
0..
-
E-2-22
-
-
The percent incidence of rainbow trout catch illustrates an apparent inverse
relationship to changes in mainstem discharge (Figure E.2.13). Rainbow trout
were captured at a higher percentage of habitat locations during June and
September 1981 (when mainstem discharges at Gold Creek ranged from approx-
imately 10t000 to 20t000 cfs) than during July and August 1981 (when mainstem
discharges generally ranged from 20,000 to 50,000 cfs). The change in percent
incidence of catch could be explained by the migrational patterns of rainbow
trout. Habitats utilized seasonally by rainbow trout for overwintering,
spawning, and summer feeding vary (Scott and Crossman 1973; Morrow 1980).
During the winter, rainbow trout are only captured in isolated slough and
mainstem study sites, resulting in a low percent incidence of catch. As
spring approaches and fish begin to migrate to tributaries to spawn, the
rainbows are found in a greater range of study site habitats, corresponding to
a higher percent incidence of catch during this period. Once the spring
spawning migration is completed and the fish have relocated into the tribu-
taries for spawning and summer habitat, the fish are found at fewer study
sites, corresponding to a lower percent incidence of catch. As freeze-up
begins and the fish outmigrate from the tributaries, they are again found to
inhabit a greater range of study habitats, resulting in a higher percent
incidence of catch.
The percent incidence of catch of chinook salmon fry in the Talkeetna to Devil
Canyon reach of the Susitna River appears to be a function of fish growth
(Figure E.2.14). The percent incidence of catch of these fry is relatively
low in early June and increases at a steady rate through September regardless
of fluctuations in discharge. The average total length of age 0+ chinook
salmon increased from approximately 45 mm in early June to 75 mm in late
September (ADF&G 198ld). Therefore, it appears that as juvenile chi nook
salmon increase in length, they inhabit a greater variety and number of the
habitats sampled (e.g. includes areas having higher water velocities).
-
-
2.4 Percent Trapping Incidence of Selected Fish Species in Relation to -·
Point Specific Deoth and Velocity
Point specific data* are required to ascertain the degree and extent to which
specific habitat criteria (e.g. depth, velocity, substrate, water temperature,
etc.) are utilized by an individual fish species for each life phase (i.e.
spawning, incubation, rearing, and passage). These data provide the basis for
defining the types and ranges of habitat characteristics which are associated
with the continued existence of various 1 ife phases of a fish species. By
comparing point specific utilization criteria with hydraulic data (which
quantifies the wetted area having various point specific values at a range of
discharges), one can predict the potential impacts of various flow regimes on
fish habitat availability.
Point specific data (ADF&G 1981c) were collected at RJ fish trapping sites
during the 1980-1981 field season. Evaluation of substrate characteristics
was prevented when turbid water conditions were present. Fish trapping
locations were selected on the basis of professional biological judgment, the
primary objective being to select locations optimum for capturing fish as
-
-
-
-
-
opposed to selecting locations representing the range of habitat types present ~
* Data collected in the same vertical water column and depth (or mean depth
of the water column) as an organism or object of interest.
E-2-24
....
-
E-2-25
N
OJ
+-'
rtl .......
0..
-
-I
at the individual fish collection site. Accordingly, interpretation of 1981
observed relationships between trapping incidence and point selected depths
and velocities is limited to the distribution of depths and velocities
occurring at specific trap sites.
Analytical limitations resulting from this restricted sampling distribution
can be partially overcome from a statistical (or data analysis point of view)
by controlling for the given sampling distribution (the range over which the
parameters were actually sampled). However, interpretation of trapping
incidence as it might be affected by depth and velocity would then only be
valid from a statistical point of view.
Two exam~les of trapping incidence (juvenile chinook salmon captured in baited
minnow traps and rainbow trout captured on baited trotlines) versus point
specific depth and mean column velocity are presented q.s illustrations
(Figures E.2.15 and E.2.16)*. The sparse sampling effort in terms of the
larger depths and velocities (Figures E.2.15 and E.2.16) may indicate that a
narrow range of habitat types with these larger depths and velocities was
sampled. Generally, it appears that both juvenile chinook salmon captured in
minnow traps and rainbow trout on trotlines are collected in all of the depths
and velocities from which they are sampled (Figure E.2.15 and E.2.16).
However, this apparent relationship may only be a function of the limited
* Note that the top two graphs on both figures represent the total sampling
distribution of the appropriate gear in terms of depth and velocity. The
bottom two graphs represent the number of traps or trotlines in which at
least one individual of the appropriate species were collected.
E-2-26
m
I
N
I
N ........
775
(f) 620
11.
<!
£Y
1-465
J
0 z 310 z
H
:L
* 155
0
165
(f) 1 32
11.
<{
(Y
t-99
J
0 z 66 z
H
L:
* 33
TOTAL TRAPS SET
1360
(f) 1088
11.
<i
IY
N 2934 1-616 N 2443
3
0 z 544 z
H
I:
* 272
e
0.00 2.10 4.20 6.30 8. 40 10.50 0.00 121.7121 I. 40 2.10 2.60 3.50
SAMPLING DEPTH (ft.) SAMPLING VELOCITY (fl/s)
TRAPS WITH FISH
N = 660
0. 00 2 . I 121 4. 20 6. 30 B. 4121 10. 50
COLLECTION DEPTH Cft)
335
(f) 268
Q_
<(
n::
t-201
J
0
z 134 z
H
L:
* 67
121. 00 0. 70 I . 40 2 . I 0 2. 80 3. 50
COLLECTION VELOCITY Cfl/s)
FigurE.2.15. Trapping incidence data for juvenile chinook salmon versus point
specific depth and mean column water velocity data collected in minnow
traps at habitat locations. 1981 (ADF&G 198lc and d).
-I
rr1
I
N
I
N co
-... 1 1
TOTAL TRAPS SET
(f)
w z
H
..J
t-o
0::
I-
0. 00 I . 70 3. 40 5. 10 6. 80 8. 50
SAMPLING DEPTH Cfl)
t-o
~
1-
*
0~00 0.95 I .90 2.85 3.80 4.75
SAMPLING VELOCITY Cfl/s)
TRAPS WITH FISH
e . 00 1 . 10 3 . 40 s. 1 0 6. a0 a . sa .1J
COLLECTION DEPTH Cft)
16
(f)
w z
H 12
-'
t-o 8
l:k::
I-
"" 4
0
Figure E.2.16. Trapping incidence data for rainbow trout versus
and mean column water velocity data collected by
locations, 1981 (ADF&G 1981c and f).
0 . 00 0. s5 1 . se 2 . 65 3 . 60 4 . 75
COLLECTION VELOCITY Cfl/s)
point specific depth
trot lines at habitat
sampling distribution chosen. Without information on the distribution of
depths and mean column velocities in the habitats sampled, it is inappropriate
to conclude that these fish utilize a particular depth or velocity. These
data can however be viewed to represent the effectiveness of various types of
sampling gear to collect a particular species in the habitats sampled.
Improvements in this data base will be necessary to better define the ranges
of physical characteristics utilized by fish. Fish distribution and habitat
utilization field crews will be segregated in 1982. This will enable habitat
utilization crews to concentrate their efforts at specific sites and better
define the range of point specific habitat criteria utilized by fish (i.e.
-
sample with the primary objective of identifying fish habitat utilization """
rather than of catching fish). Sampling methods will be employed which permit
fish to be observed in the habitat they are occupying, that is techniques
which do not attract fish to sampling sites or at least reduce the extent to
which a technique will attract fish to a sampling site or to leave the habitat
originally occupied. These methods could include: direct visual observation,
electrofishing, seining, baited* and baitless (and possibly modified) minnow
traps, radio telemetry, and nets. In addition to perfecting these sampling
approaches, modifications to substrate evaluation techniques will be adopted
so that methods become more uniform and practical {in terms of application to
the Susitna River drainage).
* A series of baited minnow traps which are equally distributed along a
transect to ensure that a variety of habitats are sampled while at the
same time reducing the bias of baiting traps.
E-2-29
~
....
2.5 Bering Cisco Spawning Habitat Evaluation
Although Bering cisco were not previously known to occur in the Susitna River
system, spawning activities of these fish were observed by RJ/AH electro-
fishing crews downstream of Ta 1 keetna in 1981 (ADF&G 1981 f). Although four
major areas of spawning activity were located between R.M. 75 and R.M. 80, the
extent of Bering cisco spawning activity in other portions of the Susitna
River is unknown. A discussion of the life history of the Bering cisco and
1981 catch data are presented in the RJ subject report (ADF&G 1981f).
A preliminary habitat evaluation of these three spawning areas was undertaken
to begin understanding the habitat characteristics associ a ted with Bering
ci sea spawning. The results of the surveys are presented in Tab 1 e E. 2. 2 and
Figures E.2.17 to E.2.19. Bering cisco were observed to spawn in relatively
shallow water, riffle, and bank zone areas. Substrate used for spawning
ranged from silt/sand (particle sizes less than 1/16 11
) to cobble {particle
sizes 3 11 -6 11
), with gravel (particle sizes 111 -3 11
) and cobble being predominant.
Mean water column velocities and water depths were measured at the surveyed
spawning areas as described in Bovee and Cochnauer (1977), and ranged from 1.5
to 4.7 ft/sec. and 1.4 to 1.9 ft deep respectively. Surface water
temperatures ranged from 3.0 to 3.8°C.
The limited number of spawning sites evaluated {Table E.2.2 and Figures E.2.17
-E.2.19) may not represent the range of conditions characterizing Bering
cisco spawning habitat. Accordingly, continuation of these detailed studies
are planned for Phase II in 1982.
E-2-30
Table E.2.2. Bering cisco spawning site evaluation on the Susitna River, October 10-13, 1981 (adapted from ADF&G 1981c, f)~
Specific Mean Spawning Mean Spawning
Conduc-Dis~ Depth Velocity
Water tance solved
Temp. (umhos Oxygen Standard Standard
Site (OC) pH /em) (mg/1) (ft) Error ft/sec Error Substrate
Sunshine 3.8 7.0 127 12.3 1.50 0.08 1.50 0.12 40%:1"-3"gravel
(R.M. 78-79) 25%:3"-6"gravel
(combined riffle and (n=39) 20%:silt & sand
gravel bar zone) 10%:1/4"-1"gravel
Montana 1 3.0 7.0 131 13o4 1.38 0.16 2.23 0.27 30%:1"-3"gravel
n1 (R.M. 77-77.5) 30%:3"-6"gravel . I
N (gravel bar zone) (n=12) 20%: silt & sand I w 10%:1/4-1 11 gravel
Montana 2 3.3 6.8 128 12.6 1.64 0.09 1.66 0.12 30%: l"-3''gravel
~R.M. 76-77) 30%: 3''-6"grave 1
upper riffle zone) (n=18) 20%:silt & sand
10%:1/4"-1"gravel
Mainstem-West Bank 3.1 7.0 134 13.0 1.85 0.12 4.67 0.25 40%:1 11 -J"gravel
~R.M. 75.0) 20%:3"-6"gravel
gravel bar zone) (n=l2) 20%:sand & silt
10%:1/4"-l"gravel
.--
-
_.-ao'_..\
: -~\ 0.5/1.3* 1.111.4 2.0/3.0
. . . . \'• ~:::·
. ;?\0 ':::·. i7/1.9 12/2.7 1.813.4
. . .·~c. . . . ..
• • • -: . 1.0/2.2 1.5/2.8 1.8/3.8 . . .. . . . . . ::.....-.· ..
1.5/1.4 1.811.7
. .
1.0/0.8 1.5/0.8
0.710.7 1.711.2 2.3/1.2
.. .. . . . . . .. . , .. , 1.0/0.8 1.4/1.1 2.112.3 .... • . . . . .. . . . .. . .~ . : 1.1/0.8 1,9/1.3 2.2/1.5 co .. ·. . .0 .. . . :·-:
.'i .. =' > .... co .. 12/0.7 1.7/1.0 2.0/1.5 . ... . .•.
Cl . .. .. : .. . '• .. . . ... 1.111.0 2.0/1.3 2.5/1.4 . . ·.· · ... · . . .. . : ..
1.4/1.1 1.9/1.2 2.3/1.5
1.0/1.0 1.5/1.4 2.0/1.9
1.0/0.7 1.8/1.5 2.0/1.9
so' --.J
"'--~ cc
~
~ ·-~ (f)
• depth (ft) I velocity (ftlsecJ
Figure E.2.17. Bering cisco spawning area on the Susitna River at
Sunshine, R.M. 78.0 to R.M. 79.0, October 13, 1981
(adapted from ADF&G 198lf).
E-2-32
. .
. .
ill ; . : .. _:.: . . -.,_ ... . . . . .. . . .
• ._ • II • : • 4
80' 4( ) .... . .. .. . ; . . . . .. " . 0.6/0.8* 0.9/1.7 1.8/3.2 ... . " ..... ~ . . ..
41 ....... -~ ... ·.:: . . .
Cl •• tr 0.7/1.9 1.3/2.6 2.0/4.1 . . . : . . .
.• 5001 . . . . . a • • •
. .. 1.0/1.5 1.7/2.4 2.013.0
·' 1.0/12 1.5/2.0 2.112.3
' -~
0.911.3 1.6/1.3 1.811.8 ~
. . .. ..
, • tl ...
2500 ·:·: 1.4/1.7 1.7/2.2 2.0/2.5
I •-. . . .
., • e CJ :.::
.. . .... .. . .
41 .. ., :
... .. . .
...
4 ' ..... 0-. .
• 0 • .. :
0 'II ... .
~ .... .
1.411.3
1.0/2.1
1.5/12
1.8/1.1 2.0/1.5
1.8/1.4 2.311.9
1.5/2.3 2.112.5
Site 2
Riffle Zone
Site 1
Gravel Bar Zone
... 80' I * depth (ft) I velocity (ftlsec)
Figure E.2.18. Bering cisco spawning area on the Susitna River at Montana
Creek (Sites 1 and 2), R.M. 76.0 to R.M. 77.5, October 15,
1981 {adapted from ADF&G 198lf).
E-2-33
-
-
-
~
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
· . .... ! : • . .. , :. . . : .·. . . .. . . .... ·. . . ' . . . ':' . . : ·: ~:
... . . ,. .. . . .. .. . · ... . .. . . . .• . . .. ~ .... . . .. ·~· .. . . . ... . . . .. . :
gravel bar
gravel bar : .· ~~.
. . .
* depth (ft) I velocity (ftlsec)
. .: •· . . . ..
·~
• I •'• :: ... ... . . :·: ...
• .-• I ~ .:..= ......,_10-..f
.. ~:
. ::: * 1.513.6 2.5/4.5
1.5/4.5 2.3/5.8
1.5/4.5 1.9/5.4
1001
1.0/3.5 2.0/5.4
2.0/5.8
2.014.8 22/5.0
..
Figure E.2.19. Bering cisco spawning area on the Susitna River at
mainstem West Bank R.M. 75.0 October 13, 1981 (adapted
from ADF&G 1981f).
E-2-34
2.6 Matrixes of Fishery and Physiochemical Observations
Matrixes of the ranges of physiochemical parameters measured {ADF&G 1981c) and
life phases of fish* species (ADF&G 1981a, d, f, g) captured or observed
during the open water {May-September, 1981) field season at each general -
habitat evaluation study site**, grouped by river reach, are presented in
Tables E.2.3 to E.2.7. Selected habitat slough evaluation site** data are
presented in Table E.2.8. This information is intended for use as a general
indication of the relative changes in water quality over the five month
open-water sampling period in 1981 and to catalog fish species observed at the
time of sampling. The physiochemical data do not represent the full range of
seasonal habitat conditions used by the life stages of fish species included
in the matrix. Species lists for each location do not necessarily include all
species and life phases present at that location. Further study combined with
additional analysis data collected prior to 1981, will be required to define
patterns of fish occurrence and the habitat criteria associated with these
patterns.
Keeping these limitations in mind, some provisional conclusions can be derived
from these matrixes. Adult anadromous salmon species have not been observed
in the impoundment study reach, supporting the belief that hydraulic
characteristics of the Susitna River at Devil Canyon may act as a barrier to
salmon movement. The higher number of fish species present in the lower
*
**
Arctic 1 amprey (Lampetra japoni ca) may represent both anadromous and
resident forms {ADF&G 1981f).
Descriptions and locations of these sites are presented in the AA, AH,
and RJ subject reports (ADF&G 1981a, c, d, f, g).
E-2-35
-
-
-
-
-
-
ITI
I
N
I
w
0'1
1 --J
Table E.2.3. Matrix of observed fish species and physiochemical parameters for habitat locatiuns in the
Yentna study r~ach uf the Susitna.River, May-September, 1981 (adapted frum ADF&G 1981a, c,
d, f, g). Cunsult ADF&G fur futher interpretatiun.
HABITAT LOCATION
fhh Creek
A I exander Creek
SHeA
SHe B
Site C
Anderaon Creek
Kroto Slough Mouth
Halnstem Slough
Hld·Kroto Slough
Deshka River
Site A
Site B
Site C
Delta Island
little Willow Creek
l ADF&C 1!178
Anadromou&
X
X X
X X
X X X
X X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
X X X
X X X X
X X
X
X
X X X X
X
X X
X
X
X
---Data not collected,
X
X
FISH SPECIES
X X X
X X X
X
X
X
X
X
X X
X
X
X X X X
X
X
X X X
X
X X
X X X
Resident
X X
X X
X X
X X X
X X
X X
X X
X X
X X
X X
X X
X X
X
X
X X X X X X X X X
X X X X X X
X X X X X X
X X X X
X X X X X X
X
:: .. ...
.~
1 ....
•r • ... :a
... :I 0 ... ..
t: ... , .. ... ;a. .. " 4.~
!.1.6 ·-9.7
8,9 -10,2
9.0 -9,7
8,4 -9.6
8,, -11.3
8,3 -9.9
9.7 -12,0
9.8 -10,9
8.2-11.4
8.4 -H.5
8.5 -12.0
9.7 -10,6
9,9 -12.-
6,9-7,2
7' 1 6.~ 1-7.1
6.5 -7.9
6,8 -9,7
7.0 -9,2
7.3 -7.4
6.6 -7.~
6.0 -7.0
6.0 -6,9
7,6
5.5 -6.9
PHYSIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS
11't -118
78 -99
78 -96
76 -95
70 -123
80 -199
88 -137
94 -132
39 -80
29 -66
28 -~7
103 -118
34 -39
210.00 -230.00
1 .~o -29,oo
2.50 -36.00
,99 -2-.00
~.00 -190.00
18,00 -150.00
24.50 -225,00
21.00 -200.00
3.10 -90,00
1.60 -3.60
2 .oo -5.~0
110.00 -150.00
1.50 -28.00
12.~ -13.6
11.6 -1~.~
11.7 -15.~
12.3 -17.8
6.0 -1~.3
5.9 -16.8
3.6 -1~.9
8.9 -15.2
5.~ -15.8
3.9 -19.~
~.1-16.2
10.9 -13.2
2.0 -15.5
...
;."(
19.2 -21.0
11.0 -12.2
12.0 -15.5
12.5 -21.0
6.1 -21.~
10.1 -25.0
8.1 -. 15.8
13.7 -21.0
6.0 -18.0
6.0 -20.8
7.0 -22.~
15.~ -3~.0
12.0 -31.0
3
).; ...
O•r
•r 1J .. ,
!'~ ..... ..... oz.
fl" C•r ..
::~ ..... .,_,
I"Tl
I
N
I w .....
Tab I e E. 2 . 4.
HABITAT lOCATIOII
Matrix of observed fish species and physiochemical parameters for habitat locations in the
Sunshine study reach of the Susitna River, May-September, 1981 (adapted from ADF&G 1981a,
c, d, f, g). Consult ADF&G for further interpretation.
X X
X X X
Anadromoua.
X X X X
X X
X
X
fiSH SPECIES
X
X X X X
X
Re&ldent
X X X
X X X
X X
X
:J .. ... .. .. ·:::
1 .... _., .: ..... ~ ...
ii: ... ,
01;:
" .. .. u ....
.! ""' ....
f ....
fc :1! 4.-
2
ti
"' =-o-... ::::. u· 'ii-.. ..
i5 "' ...
8.9-12.1 6.9 -7.5
9.8 -12.9 6,4 -7.1
1.6-11.3 6,1 -7,0 a.o • 12.1 6.8 -7.6
PHYS I OCHEH I CAl PARAMETERS
f
" .. ..
tl ..
I c
t-.. f ~fi ,._ " p :J}' ... .. .:!t .. ~ ..
"' 1: it ...
:O:i II ... -'o ·~!;; ., ... .... .. -f-.. ..
$ " .i! < ...
67 -72 61.00 • 150.00 8.5 -1~.2 12,2 -17.4
24 • 36 ll.SO-ll2,00 6,4 • 12.'-10.ll -21.2
27 -~6 1.00 -1.90 9,0 -16.0 12.8 -16.0
68 -216 21.00 -210.00 6,"4 -10.8 10.2 -16,0
Ruol:ic Wlldern•••
Ka•hwltna River
Ca$well Creek
Slouyh-Weot B•nk
Sheep Creek Slough
Goo•e Creek
X X X X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X X
X X X X X X X
X X
X
X
X
X 9.3 -11.0 6.1-7.2 29 -47 2.20 -ll,OO 1.a -1o;o 12.0 -21.6
(!.ower) 1
GoO:io& Creek
(lower) 2
X X X
X X X
X X X
X X
X X X
X X X X
X X X X
X X X X X
X
X X
X X
X
X X
X X
X
X
X
9,2 -12.2
10.ll • 12.1
10.6 -12.1
10.5 -12.6
6.1 -7.1
6.0-7.1
6.8 -7.7
6.7 -8.0
18 -37 0.40 • ll.SO 6,3 -10,7 9.6 -17.8
HI -27 0.63 -3.ll0 7.3 -10,3 11.8 -18.6
56 -85 9.10-120.00 7.7 -11.0 ---
76 -"2 6.30 -255.00 1.2 -10,0 5.5 -16.ll
~ 'i .e. .. uu o-~ ·~ ... "" ~~ a. .. ...... o .. D.
tlc
C·~ .. .. .. .. ... .... o..-q
1,2
1,2
1,2
Goose Creek Slough
Hal n•tem·West Bank
Honl:ana Creek
Sun•hlne Camp
X X X X X X
X
X X X X X X X X X 1 ,2 ,3 10.0 -11.9 6.0 -6.7 21 -37 0.30 -1.70 10.9 -12.6 13.4 -18,6 1,2,3
fhhwheel
1 AOf&G 1976 2 AOF&G 1977 3 AOF&G 1978
X
---Data not collected.
.I
X X X X X X X X X ------------------
_I
rrl
I
N
I w
CX>
1 ]
Table E. 2. 5. Matrix of observed fish species and physiochemical parameters for habitat locations in the
Talkeetna study reach of the Susitna River, ~1ay-September, 1981 (adapted from ADF&G 1981a,
c, d, f, g). Consult ADF&G for further interpretation.
HABITAT LOCATION
Halnsteon 1
SunshIne Creek
Bl rch Creek 51 ough
Birch Creflk
C..che Creek Slough
C..che Creek
Whlske" Creek
Slough
Whiskers Creek
Slough 6A
Laoe Creek
Halosteon 2
~ AOF&G 1974
l AOF&G 1976
4 AOF&G 1977
AOF&G 1970
Anadroonouo
X X X X X
X X X X
X
X X X
X X X
X X X
X X
X X X
X
X
X X X X X X X
X X X
X X X X
X X
X X X
X X X X X
X
X
X X
---Data not collected.
fiSH SPECIES
X X X X X
X X X X X
X X X X X
X X X
X X X X
X X X X
Rnldent
X X X
X X X X
X X X
X X X
X X
X X X X X X X X
X X X
X X X X X X
X X X X X
X X X X X X X X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X X
X
X
X
1,2,3
1,2,'•
1,2,4
1,2,'•
1,2,4
10.3 -11.3
9.8 -10.9
9.4 -10.3
9.4-11.1
11.2 -12.3
5.0 -12.3
10.5 -11.6
10.7 -12.8
11.0
10.9
11.6
6.4 -7.5
5.6 -7.3
6.2 c 7.4
5.7 -7.2
6.2 -7.7
5.7-7.3
5.3 -6.6
5.1 -6.6
5.6 -7.1
6.4 -7.2
6.6 -7.4
PHYS I OCilEH I CAL PARAMETERS
78 -145
40 -65
67 -132
43 -100
57 -135
31 -304
18 -43
15 -31
42 -113
45 -65
98 -158
25.00 -170.00
1.60 -23.00
2.40 -95.00
0.50 - 7 .so oo.oo -270.00
0.60 -22.00
o.so -23,00
0.60 -3. 70
1.00 -22.00
0.60 -5.40
13.00 -135.00
f
I
7.7 -12.8
8.9 -15.5
8.4 -16.0
8.8 -15.4
4.9-14.1 s.s -11.9
7.6 -18.0
7.6 -16.2
4.8 -16.5
5.2 -9.8
5.3 -15.2
9.4 -10.0
8.0 -18.2
8.0 -20.0
9,0 -1!1.6 s.o -23.0
12.0 -24.5
10.0 -23.6
11.0 -23.0
7.0-22.4
7.0 -21.8
7.0 -18,0
1,2,3
1,2,4
1,2,4
1,2,4
f11
I
N
I w
\D
Table E.2.6. Matrix of observed fish species and physiochemical parameters for habitat locations in the
Gold Creek study reach of the Susitna River, t·1ay-September. 1981 (adapted from AOF&G 198la,
c, d, f, g). Consult AOF&G for further interpretation.
HABITAT lOC.,TION
Curry
Side Channe 1
Gravel Bar
Slou9h 8A
4th of July
Co·eek
Slough 10
Slough 11
Inside Bend
Indian River
Slough 20
Island
Portage Co•eek
Hell copter Si teo
Indian River 1
Indian River 2
Indian Rl ver 3a
Indian River 3b
Portage Creek 1
Portage Creek 2
Portage Creek 3a
Portage Creek 3b
~ ADF&G 1974
3 ADF&G 1976
4 ADF&G 1977
ADF&G 1978
Anadromous
X
X
X X
X X X X
X X X
X X
X
X
X
X X
X X X
X
X X X
X
X
X X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X X
X X
X X
X X
---Oat a not collected.
fiSH SPECIES
X
X X
X
X
X
Reo! dent
X X X X X X X
X X X X X X
X X X X
X X X X X X X
X X X X X
X X X X X X X X
X X X X X
X X X X
X X X X X X
X X X X X
X X X X X
X X X X X ·X X
X
J
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
.. u
1: ! . .... ·-. ..... _
'0 ..... ,. a .. x: c .. l;
2,3,4
2,3,4
2.3,4
2,3,4
2,3;4
2,3,4
c u
!!':
&-::
"D ...
!!
0 .. ..
i5
9.1 -10.9
9.5 • 10,3
9.6-11.0
8.8 -10.5
9. 2 -10.1
9.0 -11.5
9.3-10.7
10.4 -11.8
8,6 -10.6
10,3 -11.0
10.2 -11.9
9.5 -11.0
10,6 -12.3
6.8 -12.0
10.7
10,0 -11.8
10,2-12.1
10.3 -12.3
10.4
10,6 -12.3
7,2. 7,5
6.7 -7,6
7.3-7,8
6.8 -7,6
6.3 -6.7
7.0-7.8
6.8-7.1
7.0 -7.6
6.4 -7.4
6.9 -7,6
7,2 -7.5
6,6-7.1
5,6 -6,7
5,9 -6.8
6.8
6.0 -6.3
6.9
6.7 -6.9
7.2
6.1 -6.8
PHYS IOCifEHICAL PARAH.ETERS
96 -152
77 -129
104 -167
108 • 160
15 -31
101 -171
lh -222
92 -168
31 -49
39 -104
66 -150
55 -98
40 -52
38 -45
51
38 • 49
78 -158
72 -128
50
48 -82
23,00 -110.00
22.00 -93,00
7 .so -230.00 o. 70 -205,00
0,40 -30,00
1.50 -190,00
1.50 -98.00
9.00 -150,00
2.00 -15,00
1.50 -148.00
13.00 -140,00
2.30 -25.00
0,50 -1.80
1.00 • 2.40
o. 75 -2,20
0.75 -3,80 o. 25 -0,40
6.9 -15.0
8.1 • 16.3
0.6 -14.5
4.5 -16.4
2.0 • 15.0
2.7 -12.8
4.0 -9,7
1.8-11.8
5.4 -12.2
3.8 -11,5
2.7-11.7
2.9 -8.9
2.7-7,2
3.4 -7.9
4,G
3,3 -8.4
1.5 -9.4
1.5 -8.3
5,9
2.0 -7.0
8,8 -21.4
11.2 -26,0
3.6 • 19.8
3,0 -26.4
2,2·25.1
4.6 -24.2
5.3 -25.0
0,6 -23.4
3.0-17.6
4.2 -18.0
4.8 -15.4
4.6 -17.8
4.4 -13.6
4.1-19,2
2.9 -20.5
1.9-20.4
2.1 • 26.3
2.4 -23.8
2,4
3,4
2,3,4
2,3,4
1,3,4
IT1
I
N
I
~ a
Table E.2.7.
1
Natrix of observed fish species and physiochemical parameters for habitat locations in the
Impoundment study reach of the Susitna River, ~1ay-September, 1981 (adapted from ADF&G 1981a,
c, d, f, g). Consult ADF&G for further interpretation.
FISH SPECIES PHYSIOCHEHICAL PARAMETERS
]
-------~-----------;-----------------------r---r------------------~-------------------------------.---4
HABITAT I.OCATIOH
Susltna at Fog Creek
Fog Creek -Sec. 01
Fog Creek -Sec, 02
Fog Creek -Sec. Ol
Sus I tna at
T susena Creek
husena Creek •
Sec. 01
Sus I tna at
Deadman Creek
Deadman Creek -
Sec, 01
Sec, 02
Susltna at
Watana Creek
Watana Creek •
Sec. 01
Sus I tna at
Sec. 02
Sec. 03
Sec. 04
Sec. 05
Kosi na Creek
Koslna Creek -
Sec, 01
Sec, 02
Sec. 03
Sec. 04
Sec, 05
1 AOF&C 1978
---Data not collected,
Anadromou•
... .. . f tl
0 ... :i a ~ ·-~ ... &.
~ ~ 8 ~ c .... c ~ .,... +1 m c
L U C:: .,..
dl ~ .!1 IJ.
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
.X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Resident
X
X
X
X
X
X X
X X X
X
X
X
X
X
10.1 -11.6
10.0 -11.8
10.5 -11.6
9,8 -12,2
9.9 -13.2
9,9 -11.6
9.5 -12,6
9,, -12.6
9.6-11.7
9.5 -14.1
9.8 -13.9
9.7 -n.1
10.2 -11.7
9.7 -10.6
9,0 -12.1
9,1 -12.9
ll.9 -ll.6
9.2-ll.7
9. I -13.5
9.2 -13.6
7.'1 -7.5
7.3 -7,,
7.3-7,,
7.3-7.5
6,8-7,3
7.3-7.7
7.0 -7,5
7.0-7,3
7.5-7.7
7.1 -7,7
7.3-7.7
7.3 -7.7
7.6 -7.6
7.6 -7.7
6.8 -7.5
7.1-7.5
7.1-7.5
7,1-7.6
7.1 -7,5
7 .I - 7 ·"
73-90
68 -81
68 -81
106 -107
55 -71
100 -138
44 -79
44 -79
109 -132
101 -245
101 -2U
103 -246
149 -248
156 -247
106 -146
54 -68
53 -67
54 -67
54 -67
53 -68
0.34 -1.40
0.65 -1.10
0.60 -1.50
48.00 -125.00
0.60 -1.80
51.00 -130.00
0.68 -1.80
1.50 -2.30
58.00
1,30-9,80
1.30 -9.60
3.10
10.00 -HS.OO
0.50 -1.90
0,60 -1.50
1.50 -4,40
f
~
i ... .. ~ .. o ....
-~ ..
fl ..
't
.if
6. I -10.4
6,4 -9,4
6.4 -9.7
8.6 -10.0
7.5 -9.8
8.4 -12.6
7.6 -12.4
7.5 -12.4
8.0-11.7
1.5-11.3
1.9 -11.2
2. I -11.'1
8.3 -10.0
10.4 -11,4
3.3 -12.5
2.8 -12.3
2.7 -10.5
2.7-10.9
2.7-11.2
2.9 -11.5
~.
16.5 -22.0
17,0-19.2
16.8 -'19,0
12.5 -14.0
13.0 -15.0
11.4 -19.0
11.4 -19.0
11.4 -15.0
14.5 -16.0
1.3-18.0
3.7 -18.0
3.8 -19,0
16.5-21.5
19.0 -21,0
5.2 -24.0
5.0 -24.0
5.4 -23.5
5.3 -19.0
5.3 -28.0
6.8 -24.5
';;; u 'i. .c .. ....
0·~
•o-"0
.. :I ,., ... .c ..
Q. ... ...... oz.
:! c :·: ..... .... ... ..,
.. ,
fTl
I
N
I
..j:::,.
Tab 1 e E. 2 • 7 •
Su~ i tna at Jay Creek
Ja'f Creek •
Sec, 01
Sec. 02
Sec. 03
Sec. 0~
Sec. OS
Susitna at Coo6e Creek
Goose Creek ~
Sec. 01
Sec, 02
Sec. 03
Sec. 0~
Sec, 05
Susi tna at
Oshetna Ri vc r
Os.hetna River ~
Sec, 01
Sec. 02
Sec, 03
Sec. 0~
Sec. 05
1 AOF&G 1978
---Data not collected.
(continued).
Anadromou:r.
fiSH SPECIES
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
J
Resident
X
X
X
X X
X
9. I -12.3
9.9 -13.0
10.1 -13.1
10.0-13.1
10.1 -13.0
10,1 -13,2
8.5 -12,9
8.6 -11.1
8,8 -13.6
8.9 -13.5
8.6 -13.8
8.6 -13".6
9.3 -12,3
8,9 -12,0
9.~ -12.0
9.6 -12,1
9,5 -12.0
9.6 • 12.0
7,2-7.7
7.~ -7,9
7.5-7.8
7.5 -7.8
7.6 -7.8
7.5-?.7
7.3-7.7
7.0-7,5
7.1 -7 -~
7,0-7,4
7,0-7.~
7.0 -7.~
7,4 -7.6
7.2-7.6
7.2-7.6
7.2-7.6
7.2-7.6
7.2-7.6
PHYSIOCHfHICAL PARAMETERS
100 -170
12~ -175
128 -175
128 -17~
128 -174
128 -173
100 -152
~7 -66
~7 -6~
~7 -6~
48 -M
~8 -66
101 -152
69 -135
65 -135
65 -135
65 -no
65 -132
19.00 -155.00
0.60 -2.20
0.50 -8.60
0,60 -
23.00 -
0.40 -
0,35 -
0.35 -
0.32 -
0.35 -
5.~0
155,00
2.20
o.~o
I. 70
0.~0
2.60
2~.00 • 175.00
1. 20 -9,00
1.50
1.30 -19.00
1.90
1.20 -13.00
6.7-11.~
5.7-9,7
3.6 -9.~
~.o -8.3
~.2-8,5
~.3 -8.8
5.0 -13.7
5.~ -1~.~
~.3 -12.3
~.7 -n.~
~.9 -H.~
5.2 -14.6
G.l -12.3
7.0 -12,6
5.2 -10.7
5,8 -10.8
5.8 .. 11.0
6.0-11.5
10.7 -18.0
10.6 -18.0
11.0 -16.0
7.8-17,0
10.2 -2~.0
9.6 • 2~.0
6.0 -211.0
6,0 -21.5
6.2 -19,0
7.8-23.5
7.9 -21.0
7,7 -22.0
8.5 -20.0
7.8 -14.0
10,0 -18.5
10.0 -21.0
10,0 -22.5
10,0 .. 23.5
fT1
I
N
I
~
N
-j 1
Table E.2.8.
SlOUCH
8A
9
168
19
21
l 1
~latrix of observed fish species and physiuchemical parameters for the selected habitat slough
study sites of the Susitna Ri.ver, Nay-September, 1981 (adapted from ADF&G 1981a, c, d, f, g).
Consult AOF&G for further interpretation.
X X X
X X
X
X X X
" ·~ c
!l
::1 .... ., :;
. l!
X
X
X
X
X
FISH SPECIES*
Reo! dent
X X X X X X X X X
" ...
it
..
" ! . ....
~· '1-·~
"D 't~
" ...... r: .. :l
fc
4. ·~
2,4
1,214
1,2,,,4
1,.2,3,'1
1,2,3,•t
8.8 -10.5
10.6 • 11.4
10.8 -11.7
9.4 -10.4
10.1 -11.3
6.8 -1.6
6.8 -7.4
6.l! -7.1
6.5 -2.3
7.0-2.7
PHYSIOCIIEHICAL PARAMETERS**
108 -160
111 -145
6ft -72
121 -150
103 -226
o. 70 -205.00
0.60 -130.00
0.50 -43.00
O.ltO -2.50
O.ltO ~ 150.00
I
l
4.5 -16,1t
5.6 -14.2
4.8 -14.0
1.8 -9.8
2.4 -11.3
" L
" ....
:! ft ....
L ::;:
3,0 -26,1t
7 .s -20,1
l~
0 ·~ ·~ '0 .. " .....
.1:.14 ... .... ... ..
0 .. a.
fl c
<=·~ .. .... ......
L IJ ......
2,4
2,1t
2,3,4
2,3,4
2,4
* 1981 fishery dah for juvenile anadromous and resident fhh species were not collected in Sloughs 9, 168, 19, and 21. ** Physiochemical data for Sloughs 9, Hi8, 19, and 21 are based on throe oampllng vhtta. Slough BA was sampled on a routine bnh as a habitat location.
~ ADF&G 1974
AOF&G 1976 ~ AOf&G 1977
AOF&G 1978
reaches of the river suggest that a greater diversity of habitat types or more
favorable conditions are present in the downstream portion of the river. This
however does not infer that the existing habitats in the impoundment study
area cannot support anadromous fish populations. Several trends in physio-
chemical characteristics are also apparent: e.g. specific conductance values
are usually higher in the mainstem than in slough or tributary study sites; pH
values are higher in the impoundment study reach than in other study reaches.
2.7 Chum and Sockeye Adult Salmon Observations in Selected Sloughs in
Relation to Mainstem Discharge
Surveys of spawning grounds in the Susitna River and its sloughs were
conducted by AA personnel to enumerate adult salmon in these areas (Table
E.2.9). Table E.2.9 compares chum and sockeye salmon enumeration at Sloughs*
8A, 9, 98, 19, and 21 (Figure E.2.20) with discharge data for the mainstem
Susitna River at Gold Creek on the same day. These sloughs were selected for
comparing hydrologic characteristics with spawning activity because
physiochemical characteristics were evaluated in greater detail at these
locations than at other study sites. Additional discussions of these areas
are presented in Chapters 3 and 4 and the AA, AH, and RJ subject reports
(ADF&G 1981a, c, d, f). When mainstem flow is too low to enter the head
(upstream end) or mouth {downstream end) of a slough {values which are unique
* Sloughs, as defined in this study, are the side channel or adjacent
wetted habitats to the mainstem Susitna River which periodically receive
a portion of their surface water from the rna in stem Susitna River in
addition to other water sources (e.g. groundwater. intragravel and
surface water). The contribution of the mainstem Susitna River to the
surface water flow in each slough can vary from 0 to nearly 100%
depending on the Susitna River stage/discharge relationship to the
thalweg of the slough.
E-2-43
-
-
-
-
-
-·
-
Table E.2.9. Comparison of adult sockeye and chum salmon escapement counts
for Sloughs 8A, 9, 98, 19, and 21 (ADF&G 1981a) to Susitna River
discharge data (cfs) at Gold Creek (USGS 1981).
,-
Slough 8A
Survey Susitna River
Date Sockeye Chum Conditions Discharge
810807 0 16 Excellent 26,200
810820 0 0 Poor 34,200
810827 0 0 Poor 24,200
810904 177 620 Excellent 16,600
810912 105 311 Excellent 14,100
810921 38 7 Excellent 12,200
810927 9 0 Excellent 8,890"
Slough 9
Survey Susitna River
Date Sockeye Chum Conditions Discharge
810807 0 0 Poor 26,200
810811 0 5 Fair 43,500
810820 0 0 Poor 34,200
810823 0 0 Excellent 37,900 -810827 24,200
810904 10 260 Excellent 16,600
810916 6 71 Excellent 14,100
810920 10 16 Excellent 11,400
810927 0 2 Excellent 8,890
Slough 98
Survey Susitna River
Date Sockeye Chum Conditions Discharge
810807 26,200
810811 27 58 Excellent 43,500
810820 34,200
810823 47 90 Excellent 37,900
810827 81 71 Excellent 24,200
810904 71 49 Excellent 16,600
810916 62 26 Excellent 14,100
810920 54 7 Excellent 11 ,400
810927 35 0 Excellent 8,890
---Data unavailable.
E-2-44
-
Table E.2.9 {Continued). -
-·
Slough 19
Survey Susitna River
Date Sockeye Chum Conditions Discharge
810806 0 0 Excellent 27,500
810810 0 a Fair 42,600 -
810821 13 3 Excellent 41,300
810826 20 0 Excellent 25,600
810903 23 1 Excellent 18,300
810911 18 0 Excellent 14,300
810919 8 0 Excellent 10,500
810926 6 0 Excellent 9,560
""" !
"'""':
Slough 21
Survey Susitna River -Date Sockeye Chum Conditions Discharge
810806 0 0 Poor 27,500
810810 0 0 Poor 42,600 -810821 0 0 Poor 41,300
810826 1 169 Excellent 25,600
810903 26 274 Excellent 18,300 ~
810911 38 136 Excellent 14,300
810919 33 67 Excellent 105500
810926 3 0 Excellent 9,560 -
-
-
E-2-45
,-
-
-
-
I Devil Canyon : 7 Rivermiles
Fourth oC July Creek ""'( Slough 19
Sherman Creek
Indian River
Creek
\ Talkeetna: 26 Rivermileil
Figure E.2.20. Location of selected habitat slough sites along the
Susitna River between Talkeenta and Portage Creek
(adapted from ADF&G 1981a)
E-2-46
for each slough), surface water influence from the mainstem is effectively
eliminated and clear water base fl ovJs are still observed in the
sloughs. These base flows could originate from various. sources, including
tributaries, springs and groundwater inflow. Spring water could be fed by a
perched water table or from interstitial flow (flow of water through spaces in
the substrate) from the mainstem. Sloughs 8A, 9 and 21 have tributaries
contributing water to the base flow. Slough 19 originates from a large spring
at its head (upstream end). Sloughs 19 and 21 also have many areas of
upwelling throughout the stream bed, and Slough 21 has water seeping in along
the edges during periods of falling discharge of the mainstem Susitna River.
Observations of fish activity in these sloughs indicate that they provide the
most important salmon spawning habitat of the Susitna River habitats evaluated
during 1981 between Devil Canyon and Talkeetna (ADF&G 198la, c).
Peak spawning activity of sockeye salmon was observed to occur in the sloughs
during the last week in August and the first three weeks of September (ADF&G
1981a). Chum salmon peak spawning activity occurred during the last two weeks
of August and the first two weeks in September. Counts of spawning activity
were highest for chum salmon in Slough SA and highest for sockeye in Slough
11. One factor contributing to the large numbers of salmon spawning in these
sloughs may be the availability of holding areas at the mouth of the sloughs
in proximity to suitable spawning substrate within the main channel of the
sloughs. The level of spawning activity in Sloughs 9 and 9B (Table E.2.9) may
be attributed to the availability of spawning substrate as wel1 as flows
sufficient to provide access into the mouths of these sloughs from the
mainstem Susitna River. Flow levels in these two sloughs are augmented by
E-2-47
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
tributaries which contribute to the availability of suitable habitat within
the sloughs when the mainstem flow of the Susitna River decreases.
The limited spawning activity observed in Slough 19 (Table E.2.9) may be due
to limited access during lower flows of the mainstem Susitna River and to lack
of spawning substrate. During low discharges of the mainstem Susitna River,
access to the mouth of Slough 19 was limited to a depth of 0.3 feet on
September 26 when mainstem Susitna River discharge at the Gold Creek station
equalled 9,560 cfs. At high mainstem Susitna River discharges, a backwater
forms at the lower end of this slough. The deep deposits of silt near the
mouth of Slough 19 are characteristic when streamflows are insufficient to
flush fine sediments from this slough. The absence of spawning salmon
suggests that these deposits of deep silt are undesirable as spawning
substrates.
The relatively high number of spawning chum salmon and sockeye observed in
Slough 21 {Table E.2.9) may be primarily due to suitable spawning substrate
and maintenance of flows. These flows are maintained by groundwater and
tributaries, and provide adequate spawning habitat when mainstem flows of the
Susitna River are too low to flow into the slough. Spawning activity was
observed to peak long after mainstem flow of the Susitna River was completely
restricted from entering the head portion of the slough. {The flow within
Slough 21 is compared to corresponding mainstem discharges in Table E.5.7 of
the ADF&G subject report, ADF&G 198lc).
E-2-48
-
2.8 Fisheries and Habitat Relationships in the Proposed Impoundment Area
2.8.1 Introduction
This section compares data on Arctic grayling and habitats in eight major -
clearwater tributaries located in the study area upstream of Devil Canyon
(Impoundment reach) by RJ and AH personnel during the 1981 open water field
season.* Data from each tributary were collected between the tributary mouth
and the proposed impoundment elevations, PIE of the Watana (2185 ft msl) and
Devil Canyon (1455) Reservoirs (Figure E.2.21). Habitat study locations and
miscellaneous sampling site areas are i 11 ustrated in Figure E. 2.21. Deta i 1 ed
habitat descriptions of these study areas are presented in the AH and RJ -
subject reports {ADF&G 1981c, g).
2.8.2 Water Quality
Water quality data collected in the Impoundment study reach are presented in
Table E.2.7 {See Section E.2.6). No major differences are apparent in the
range of water quality data from various sites which might influence grayling
distribution and abundance in tributaries and the mainstem Susitna River.
Although increased turbidity levels in the Oshetna River, Jay Creek and Watana
Creek were at times associated with lower catch per unit effort, CPUE (Tables
E.2.10 and E.2.11) and total catch (Table E.2.12), population estimates
remained relatively high for the Oshetna River and Jay Creek (Table E.2.13).
* Arctic grayling were selected for analysis because of their importance as
a sport fish and the availability of sufficient data on this species.
E-2-49
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
~ Miscellaneous Habitat Study Site
Iii Habitat Location Sampling Site
---Proposed Impoundment Elevation
ver Susitna Rl
Figure E.2.21. Sampling design for identifying habitat location and
miscellaneous fish habitat study sites in the
Impoundment study reach tributaries.
E-2-50
Table E.2.10. Arctic grayling hook and line catch and effort at habitat location
sites in the lower mile of each tributary in the Impoundment study
area, 1981 (adapted from ADF&G 1981g).
TRIBUTARY
HABITAT LOCATION Ma~ June Jull August seet. TOTAL
Fog Creek Total Catch 14.0 17.0 11.0 4.0 5.0 51.0
Man Hours 1.8 3.9 2.6 1.8 2.5 12.5
CPU£ 8.0 4.4 4.3 2.3 2.0 4.1
Tsusena Creek Total Catch 23.0 19.0 74.0 18.0 1.0 135.0
Man Hours 5.0 3.4 8.3 5.5 0.5 22.6
CPUE 4.6 5.6 8.9 3.3 2.0 6.0
Deadman Creek Total Catch 53.0 69.0 27.0 4.0 0.0 153.0
Man Hours 7.5 9.0 3.5 2.2 1.4 23.6
CPUE 7.1 7.7 7.7 1.8 0.0 6.5
Watana Creek Total Catch 1.0 29.0 14.0 5.0 10.0 59.0
~1an Hours 3.3 5.4 4.3 2.0 3.1 18.1
CPUE 0.3 5.4 3.3 2.5 3.3 3.3
Kosina Creek Total Catch 119.0 79.0 87.0 17.0 33.0 335.0
Man Hours 16.6 7.3 6.8 3.0 2.8 36.5
CPUE 7.2 10.8 12.8 5.7 12.0 9.2
Jay Creek Total Catch 3.0 49.0 64.0 13.0 47.0 176.0
Man Hours 2.4 5.4 7.3 2.9 5.5 23.4
CPUE 1.3 9.1 8.8 4.6 8.6 7.5
Goose Creek Total Catch 121.0 76.0 36.0 32.0 2.0 267.0
r~an Hours 16.3 12.3 4.5 7.4 2.4 42.9
CPUE 7.4 6.2 8.0 4.3 0.8 6.2
Oshetna Creek Tota 1 Catch 4.0 43.0 50.0 46.0 7.0 150.0
~ian Hours 2.2 4.8 7.7 5.1 3.4 23.2
CPUE 1.8 9.1 6.5 9.0 2.1 6.5
TOTAL TOTAL CATCH 338.0 381.0 363.0 139.0 105.0 1,326.0
MAN HOURS 55.1 51.3 45.0 29.9 21.6 202.8
CPUE 6.1 7.4 8.1 4.6 4.9 6.5
E-2-51
~
-
-
"""'
-
"""'
-
-
~
-
-
-
-
-
F"
-
-
~
-
-
Table E.2.11. Arctic grayling hook and line catch and effort at miscellaneous
fish habitat sites* betvJeen the mouth and proposed impoundment
elevations (PIE) at each tributary in the Impoundment study
area, 1981 (adapted from ADF&G 1981g).
MISCELLANEOUS FISH HABITAT SITES
Tributary 1st Mile
Fog Creek Tota 1 Catch 21.00
Man Hours 4.16
CPUE 5.05
Tsusena Creek Total Catch
t~an Hours
CPUE
Deadman Creek Total Catch 37.00
t~an Hours 5.07
CPUE 7.30
~Jatana Creek Total Catch 21.00
Man Hours 4.50
CPUE 5.19
Kosina Creek Total Catch 57.00
Man Hours 11.46
CPUE 4.92
Jay Creek Total Catch 60.00
~1an Hours 6.35
CPUE 9.45
Goose Creek Total Catch 64.00
Man Hours 8.49
CPUE 7.54
Oshetna River Total Catch 59.00
Man Hours 7.91
CPUE 7.46
TOTAL TOTAL CATCH 319.00
MAN HOURS 47.50
CPUE 6.70
* Does not include fish habitat location sites.
** PIE for Fog and Tsusena Creeks = 1455 ft; all others = 2185 ft.
---Data unavailable.
E-2-52
Above Mile
1 to PIE**
186.00
19.56
9.51
357.00
32.16
11.10
81.00
7.41
10.93
51.00
6.16
8.28
297.00
22.07
13.96
972.00
87.41
11.12
Table E.2.12. Arctic grayling hook and line total catch by tributary between
the mouth and proposed impoundment elevations {PIE*) and month
in the Impoundment study area, 1981 (adapted from ADF&G 1981g).
CATCH
TRIBUTARY MAY JUNE JULY AUGUST SEPTE~iBER TOTAL
Fog Creek 22 17 23 5 5 72
Tsusena Creek 23 19 74 18 1 135
Deadman Creek 53 86 42 6 3 190
Watana Creek 1 49 16 172 28 266
Kosina Creek 136 246 143 67 187 779
Jay Creek 3 178 70 16 50 317
Goose Creek 121 136 82 37 6 382
Oshetna River 19 92 155 73 167 506
TOTAL CATCH 378 823 605 394 447 2,647
* PIE for Fog and Tsusena Creeks= 1455 ft; all other tributaries= 2185 ft.
E-2-53
-
-
-
-
~
~
-
....
-
·~
-
-
-
.....
-
-
-
Table E.2.13. Arctic grayling population estimates for tributaries in the
Impoundment study area, 1981 (adapted from ADF&G 1981g).*
POPULATION CONFIDENCE**
STREAM ESTIMATE INTERVAL
Fog Creek 176 115-369
Tsusena Creek 1,000 743-1,530
Deadman Creek 979 604-2,575
Kosina Creek 2,787 2,228-3,720
Jay Creek 1,089 868-1,462
Goose Creek 1,327 1,016-1,913
Oshetna River 2,017 1,525-2,976
* Watana Creek estimate is not included because the number of recaptures was
too low.
** Based on June through September recoveries.
E-2-54
Therefore, the lower catch values most likely resulted from the reduced
effectiveness of hook and line sampling in turbid water. Grayling recaptures
in Watana Creek were insufficient for calculating the population.
Grayling distribution and abundance in the Impoundment reach appeared to be
closely associated with surface water temperature. As water temperatures
in the tributaries increased in the spring, increased numbers of grayling were
observed migrating upstream into areas having pool type habitats [presumably
after spawning in the lo\'1er reaches of the tributaries, (Morrow 1980)].
Tagging studies indicate that a large number of these fish continued to
utilize these areas for rearing into the summer. As surface water
temperatures began to decrease in the late summer and early fall, lower
numbers of fish were observed in these upper stream habitats. CPUE also
decreased in most of these areas and tagged fish were observed to be migrating
downstream. The large decline in total catch (Table E.2.12) and lower CPUE
levels (Table E.2.10) in late summer and early fall indicate that fewer fish
were present.
In small shallow streams such as Goose and Jay Creeks, grayling began moving
downstream earlier in the season. Lower numbers of fish were captured in
these smaller streams in the late summer. Conversely, fish were observed in
the larger streams (e.g. Oshetna River and Kosina Creek) up until late
September, at which time it appeared as though a downstream migration of the
grayling was beginning. Thermographs were not placed in these streams, and
continuous water temperature records are not available for correlating
specific water temperatures with grayling migrations on different streams.
E-2-55
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-·
E-2-56
--------------
-
~""""
I
'
'
Installation of thermographs and intensive sampling at selected sites in 1982
may help substantiate these observations.
2.8.3 Substrate
Substrate composition at the habitat evaluation sites in the lower mile of
each tributary in the Impoundment study area are presented in Appendix EA of
the AH subject report (ADF&G l981c). Substrates in the 1 ower mile of each
tributary appear to be similar to the composition of substrate in the reach
above the lower mile up to the PIE. Therefore, substrate data presented for
the lower mile of each tributary appears to be representative for that
particular tributary up to the PIE (Watana Creek cannot be included in this
evaluation because it was not assessed above the lower mile).
Grayling have been observed to spawn over a wide variety of substrates with a
preference for sandy gravel (Morrow 1980). Although spawning has not been
observed in the Impoundment reach, it probably occurs to some extent in a 11
eight tributaries sampled, since suitable spawning habitat has been observed
in each stream. Assuming other conditions for spawning are favorable, it is
not likely that the availability of spawning substrate is the limiting factor
influencing grayling numbers in the upper Susitna and its tributaries.
Substrate relationships to food production (Reiser and Bjornn 1979) are
probably more important in influencing grayling distribution in these
tributaries.
E-2-57
~~~--------------
-
-
-
-
-
-
E-2-58
-
~
Q)
Q)
s... u
>,
rU
'J
s...
Q)
3:
0
...t::
Vl
4-
0 s...
+-' u
Q) ....... w
<;;t
Q)
+-'
ctl .......
0...
2.8.4 Streamflow and Channel ~1orphology
Streamflow and channel morphology may be the most important habitat character-
istics in determining grayling distribution and abundance in the Impoundment
study reach. High pool/riffle ratios with large deep pools and moderate
streamflow velocities appear to indicate preferred grayling habitat. Higher
CPUE occurred where these conditions were observed.
In the impoundment reach~ 1 arge deep streams such as the Oshetna River and
Kosina Creek appear to provide optimal fish habitat. Population estimates
listed in Table E.2.13 support this evaluation. Kosina Creek, in particular,
has a relatively high pool/riffle ratio and contains many large deep pools
which may be used as overwintering habitat. Goose and Jay Creeks, which also
have relatively high population estimates, are shallower and smaller than
Kosina Creek and the Oshetna River, and do not appear to have suitable
overwintering habitat.
In contrast to these streams~ lower Deadman and Tsusena Creeks are
characterized by few pools and long reaches of whitewater. The only habitat
which might be suitable for overwintering in either of these creeks are the
few pools located below their falls. With the exception of Fog Creek, which
was one of the smallest areas studied in the Impoundment reach (Table E.2.13),
population estimates were lowest in these two streams.
t~ean column water velocities were measured near observed grayling during the
1981 season. Based on both visual observations of fish and CPUE in habitats
where streamflow velocities in this range were measured, provisional data
E-2-59
-
-
-
....
-
-
E-2-60
-
indicate that grayling may prefer to reside in habitats where mean column
velocities are less than 2.0 ft/sec. Hook and line sampling may have biased
the data because it proved to be an ineffective capture method in higher
velocities.
Accurate visual observations were not possible in areas of high streamflow
velocities.
2.8.5 Conclusions
With one year of limited data it is difficult to determine quantitatively
the relationship between aquatic habitat and the distribution and abundance of
grayling in the eight major tributaries in the study area. Data limitations
include:
1. each of the streams in the study area was only sampled approximately
two days per month and many of the habitat characteristics measured
will have to be monitored more extensively to accurately
assess fisheries habitat, and
2. with respect to fisheries data, there is a certain amount of bias
associated with the primary method of capture (hook and line). In
some cases, such as in areas with high turbidities, alternative fish
capture techniques may improve catch rates.
Keeping these limitations in mind, some preliminary conclusions derived from
the 1981 data are:
E-2-61
1. changes in water
movements in and
respectively;
temperature appeared to influence grayling
out of streams in spring and late summer
2. grayling were genera11y more abundant in habitats with streamflow
velocities below 2.0 ft/sec;
3) channels with large deep pools and/or cutbanks appeared to provide
optimal habitat, large numbers of grayling were found in these
areas; and,
4) availability of spawning substrate did not appear to significantly
limit grayling distribution and abundance in the study area.
E-2-62
Plate 6. Confluence of Susitna River and Kosina Creek in the impoundment study reach, showning mixing of
clear and turbid waters.
-
3. HMITAT R£LATION9HPS
,...
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3. HABITAT RELATIONSHIPS
3.1 Introduction
This chapter discusses the relationships among specific physical aquatic
habitat parameters. The data used in developing these relationships were
originally reported in the AH, RJ and AA subject reports (ADF&G 1981a, b, c,
d, f). Included in this chapter are descriptions of how several
physiochemical parameters are related to discharge. These relationships can
potentially be affected by the proposed development of the two dams.
3.2 Discharge and Turbidity Relationships
Relationships between mainstem Susitna River discharge {USGS 1981) and
turbidity in the mainstem and sloughs (ADF&G 1981c) are shown in Figures E.3.1
-E.3.4. Figures E.3.1 and E.3.2 illustrate the relationships between
mainstem discharge measured at Gold Creek and turbidity in selected mainstem
and slough sites, between Talkeetna and Portage Creek. Figures E.3.3 and
E.3.4 illustrate the relationship between mainstem discharge measured at
Sunshine and turbidity in selected sites from the mainstem and sloughs, below
Talkeetna. Mainstem Susitna River turbidity generally increases with mainstem
discharge {Figures E.3.1 and E.3.3). Slough turbidity remains low as mainstem
discharge increases until a certain threshold mainstem discharge level (unique
for each slough) is attained; at that point, the turbidity in the slough
rapidly increases and mirrors the turbidity and discharge relationships
characterizing the mainstem (Figures E.3.2 and E.3.4). These relationships
E-3-1
250
200
.......
::;)
1-
z 150 .....
rTJ
I >-w
I 1-
N c
100 m
a:
:::>
1-
50
0
5
o Malnatem 2
• Melnatem at Curry
6 Susltne Side Channel
4 Su~ltna Gravel Bar
0 Malnatem lnalde Bend
8 Malnatem Island
0
10 15
•
6
4
0
0
20
•
•
~ D.
0 • 0
25 30 35 40
SUSITNA DISCHARGE AT GOLD CREEK ( C F S X 1 0 0 0)
0
0
Figure E. 3 .1. Mainstem turbidity (Talkeetna to Portage Creek reach) versus
mainstem discharge of the Susitna River at Gold Creek (adapted
from ADF&G 1981c and USGS 1981).
0
•
45 50
250
..... 200
:::>
1-
z ....,
160
>-
ITl 1-
I w
I c 100 w
m
a:
::l
1-60
0
5
J
• Slough OA
0 Slough 8A
& Slough 8
A Slough 10 0
• Slough 11
0 Slough 188
X Slough 10
* Slough 20
till Slo.ugh 21
®=O&OXI<il * 1<11
t=O&A
+
A
*
0
A 0
A • *
lit>~. e • .®. 0 'JI )lM
10 16 20 26 30 36 40 45
SUSITNA DISCHARGE AT GOLD CREEK (CFS X 1000)
F i g u re E. 3 . 2 . Slough turbidity (Talkeetna to Portage Creek reach) versus
mainstem discharge of the Susitna River at Gold Creek (adapted
from ADF&G 1981c and USGS 1981.
•
60
-::J
1-
z -
>-
1-
fT1 0 I w
I m .;:;.
a:
::>
.....
300
e Lower Dalla Iaiande
0 Rutlla Wlldarnau
... Malnalam Watt Bank
250 .6. Malntlam 1
200
150
100
50
0
20 30
Figure E.3.3.
•
.6. ...
• 0
0
40 50 60 70 80 90 100
SUSITNA DISCHARGE AT SUNSHINE (CFS X 1000)
Mainstem turbidity (downstream of Talkeetna) versus mainstem
discharge of the Sunshine River at Sunshine (adapted from-ADF&G
1981c and USGS 1981}.
J
110
300
250
......
::> 200
1-
z .....
>-150
t-
rn
I c w
I
Ul m
0: 100
::>
1-
50
0
e Kroto Slough Mouth
0 Mld-Kroto Slough
A Malnatem Slough
A Slough Weal Bank
• Sheep Creek Slough
0 Gooee Creek Slough
X Birch Creek Slough
* Cache Creek Slough
*
A
*
• 0
•
A A
!i. X
20 30
A
0
•
40
SUSITNA
*
0 *
0 • *
0 0
)(
*
A
0
i' ,. )( • • ••
60 60 70 80 90
DISCHARGE AT SUNSHINE (CFS X 1000)
Figure E.3.4. Slough turbidity (downstream of Talkeetna) versus mainstem
discharge of the Susitna River at Sunshine (adapted from
AOF&G 1981c and USGS 1981).
*
i 8
•
)(
•
100 110
are more easily observed in the reach of the Susitna River between Talkeetna
and Devil Canyon than in the reach between Cook Inlet and Talkeetna. Some
sloughs (e.g., Sloughs 6A and 19) retain low turbidities even at high mainstem
discharges due to localized conditions, e.g. clear water influx or no upstream
connection with the mainstem Susitna River*. Turbidity patterns at Slough 10
are similar to those in the mainstem because samples were actually collected
in the mainstem at or below the slough mouth.
Figure E.3.5 illustrates changes in mainstem Susitna River turbidity from June
through September 1981 at four sites: below the Deshka River (R.M. 31.0),
above the Parks Highway Bridge (R.M. 84.0), above Gold Creek (R.M. 136.9), and
above Jay Creek (R.M. 203.9). The points are connected to facilitate
comparisons between sites; however, it should be noted that few points are
plotted and that large variability may occur in turbidity for the time frame
shown. Generally, turbidity levels increase with increases in discharge and
this trend is followed throughout the length of the river (Figure E.2.1 and
Figure E.3.5). Additional data will be required to represent the various
peaks in discharge which were not represented with these data. Sites should
be sampled more frequently to better define the discharges at which sloughs
are affected by mainstem surface water influx and to determine if a difference
in turbidity exists between rising versus falling discharge levels. Samples
should be collected in both the mainstem Susitna River near the slough and
within the slough.
* See Section 2.7 and Chapter 4.
E-3-6
-
-
-
-
-
240
200
160 .-. ::> t-z
'-'
>-t-120 0
iii a: f1l ::> I 1-w
I 80 ........
40
6/18 6/30
F i g u re E. 3 . 5 .
.. q ..
.. ..
..
7/18 7/30 8/15
.
\ . . .. . . ..... , o~~~~ ..
8/30
DATE (1981)
-i --.. ]
0 • • • • .. o Below Deshka River, A.M. 31.0
•·-........ Above Parks Highway Bridge, A.M. 84.0
l::s·-·-·-6 Above Gold Creek, A.M. 136.9
o-----o Above Jay Creek, A.M. 203.9
'o
9/5 9/20 9/29
Mai nstem turbidity of the Susitna River as a function of time at
the following sites: below Oeshka River (R.M. 31.0); above the
Parks Highway Bridge (R.M. 84.0); above Gold Creek (R.M. 136.9)
and above Jay Creek (R.M. 203.9).
3.3 Differences Between Surface Water Temperatures at Mainstem Locations
Biweekly mean daily surface water temperatures of the mainstem Susitna River
at 11 sites between Alexander Creek (R.M. 10.0) and Devil Canyon (R.M. 152.0)
are listed in Table E.3.1 for the period from June 20 through September 27,
1981 (ADF&G 1981c). These data were used to construct temperature profiles
for the mainstem Susitna River (Figures E.3.6 -£.3.13). Surface water
temperatures for the Sus i tna River show significant variabi 1 i ty upstream to
downstream. This may be due to the effect of major tributaries (such as the
Chulitna, Talkeetna and Yentna Rivers) on the temperature regime of the
Susitna River. Inflow from these tributaries may also buffer Susitna River
temperatures. Higher winter temperatures are predicted for the reach of the
Susitna River between Talkeetna and Devil Canyon if the dams are built (Acres
1982). Inflows from the Chulitna9 Talkeetna, and Yentna Rivers may therefore
buffer this temperature alteration downstream from the respective confluences.
Additional data will be collected in 1982 to better define the relationships
between the Chulitna, Talkeetna, Yentna, and mainstem Susitna River
temperatures and to predict the influence of post-project temperatures
downstream of Talkeetna.
3.4 Diel Surface Water Temperature Fluctuations
Water temperatures in the Susitna River drainage fluctuate on both a temporal
and spatial basis. Variations in temperature over a 24 hour period are
referred to as diel fluctuations. Water temperature data for selected
thermograph sites (see ADF&G 198lc) were plotted (Figures E.3.14 to E.3.15) to
show diel fluctuations at representative sites. The plots show the one week
E-3-8
-
-
-
....
-
....
rr1
I w
I
'-0
1
Table E.3.1. ~1ainstemSusitna River surface water temperatures, oc (AOF&G 1981c), for various sites used in
developing Figures E.3.6 to E.3.13.
DATE (1981)
rl
rl
co LO s....
rl N QJ
0 0 co m ..c
RIVER ('J M rl N +"' +"' E
til til QJ
MAINSTEM SITE MILE QJ QJ >, >, :::1 :::1 +"' c: c: ..... ..... Cl Ol 0..
:::1 :::1 :::1 :::1 :::1 ::I QJ
r-::1 r-::1 r-::1 r-::1 <( <( Vl
·TEMPERATURE
Above Alexander Creek 10.1 10.1 7.1 8.6 8.1 7.1 7.1
Above Yentna River 32.3 13.4 8.5 11.1 10.5 8.2 9.5
Above little Willow Creek 50.5 7.8 10.0 9.4 7.3 8.7 6.9
Above Kashwitna River 61.2 7.3
Above Montana Creek 77.5 12.6 7.7 10.3
Sunshine (Parks Highway Bridge) 83.3 13.3 8.1
Talkeetna Base Camp 103.0 13.6 8.5 8.1 9.2 8.4
Above Fourth of July Creek 131.8 12.8 5.5 10.2 10.6 6.8 7.6 7.4
Above Gold Creek 136.8 9.3 6.9 8.5 6.3
Above Indian River 138.7 9.1 8.1 6.2 7.5 6.5
Above Portage Creek 148.8 10.0 10.1 7.1 9.6 7.3
---Data unavailable.
r-...
N
s....
QJ ..c
E
QJ
+"' 0..
QJ
Vl
2.4
2.6
2.4
5.4
1.8
2.5
0.2
1.2
1.4
-
OL-£-3
-
TEMPERATURE ( °C)
--0 en 0 01 .... ,
I . f
<..C c: -s ro ABOVE ALEXANDER CREEK !-0
I"T'' (AM 10) .
w .
0"\
~ ABOVE YENTNA RIVER ~ 0
Vl:S:: [AM 29)
c: ro
VIQ.l .-.::s
M-::so..
Q,JQ,l ABOVE LITTLE WILLOW CREEK .....
:::0 --' (RM 50)
--·'< < r.l3 .... '"'SQ.> ......
--t,::S ABOVE KASHWITNA RIVER ~ 0 VI -s M-(AM 61)
ro C....3 -!::
::SVI roc: -s ABOVE MONT ANA CREEK 1-0 N--t,
OQ.J (AM 78) ... (") en ro ...... :::j 1.0::£ m OOQ.J
...... M-SUNSHINE (PARKS BRIDGE) 1-0 ro -s (AM 84)
M-ro
3
"0 ro TALKEETNA BASE CAMP '1-0 -s .-Q.J (F!M 103)
M-
!::
-s ro 0
~ "0
ABOVE 4th OF JULY CREEK ~ ~ 0 -s
0 (RM 131) ::> ......, ..
iD
3 ro -1 -ll> ......, I 3
0 ABOVE GOLD CREEK '0
-s (RM 137) ll> ..
~
M-c: :::r ..
ro ll> ...
ABOVE INDIAN RIVER 1-~
(AM 139) c.. c ::>
Cll -~ .o -ABOVE PORT AGE CREEK 10
(X)
(AM 149)
-
-------------------------
ll-£-3
TEMPERATURE ( OC) -... ...
0 "' 0 c.n
, . I I'
......
1.0 s:::
ABOVE ALEXANDER CREEK 0 -s ~ ro (RM 10)
I'T1 .... .
w
.......
ABOVE YENTNA RIVER 0
'(RM 29)
tl'l::S::
S:::C'D
VIPJ ...... ;::::~
rl"
0 ;::10.. ABOVE LITTLE WILLOW CREEK ~
PJPJ (RM 50) ...... ;;c __,
...... '<
<
C'D3 -s PJ ABOVE KASHWITNA RIVER ~ ......
-t,;::l (RM 61}
OVI
"'Sri"
C'D
C.....3 s:::
;:I VI
C'DS::: ABOVE MONT ANA CREEK too 0 -s (RM 78) w-+>
OPJ en .. n =i C'D m """' ......
I.O:E
OOPJ SUNSHINE (PARKS -BRIDGE) 1-0 ...... rl" . ro (RM 84)
-s
rl"
C'D
3
"'0 TALKEETNA BASE CAMP 1-0 C'D (J:!M 103) -s
PJ
rl" s::: 0 -s ro
ABOVE 4th OF JULY CREEK !: 0 II>
"'0 (RM 131) 5' -s "' 0 ;
-+> 3 ...... -1
~
C'D 3
-+> ABOVE GOLD CREEK . ~
fRM 137) ... 0 ~ -s =
rl" a;
"' ;:I" 0 ro :::0 -ABOVE INDIAN RIVER . .._
(RM 139) c:
:::0
<1>
Co> p -· ABOVE PORT AGE CREEK ~ ~ (RM 149)
ZL-£-3
'""'
TEMPERATURE (O·C)
... -0 t7l 0 01 -...., I
t,Q
c
ABOVE ALEXANDER CREEK · Ia-0 -s
(1) [AM 10)
rrJ
w
00
Ia-ABOVE YENTNA RIVER 0 [AM 29)
c.n:::s:: c ro
VIQ.J
-'•::S
M-
Ia-0 ::so.. ABOVE LITTLE WILLOW CREEK Q.JQ.J (RM 50)
;;o _.
-'·'< < rD3 --:;Q.J
ABOVE KASHWITNA RIVER '" -+.::S (AM 61) OVI -se-t-ro
C...3 c ..... (/)
'<c ABOVE MONTANA CREEK !--s (AM 78) 1-' -+> ...... Q.J Ch .. n :::j ro m 1-'
~::E:
~ COQ.J SUNSHINE {PARKS BRIDGE) 1-' c-1" (RM 84) . (1)
-s
i!ii.i!alM M-ro
3
TALKEETNA BASE CAMP Ia-"'C ro [RM 103) -s Q.J
c-1" c ®:) -s ro ABOVE 4th OF JULY CREEK .3:3: 0
"'C (RM 131) II> Ill
-s 5"5'
0 "'"' -+> (DC) ...... 33 ..... -!-1 ro <DCD
~ -+> ABOVE GOLD CREEK • 33
(RM 137) '0'0
0 CD<D ...... -s IIlii>
c-1" s;s;
:::T CDCD
ro ,.., .. -ABOVE INDIAN RIVER ~ 00 ®
(AM 139) :::!:::!
t..t.. c:c: -<-<
1\)--9~
ASOVE PORT AGE CREEK Ia-coco 0
CAM 149) OOCX>
'iii.'M
....
..,., ......
<.0 c
ABOVE ALEXANDER CREEK ""'S (1) tAM 10J
I"T'' .
w
1.0
ABOVE YENTNA RIVER
lAM 29)
Vl3: s::: l'tl
t/) ~
-'•='
M"
ABOVE LITTLE WILLOW CREEK ::lO.
~~ {AM 50) ......
:::0 .......
-'•'< < (1)3
""'S~
ABOVE KASHWITNA RIVER ......
-+!::l (AM 61) OVl
""'SM"
l'tl
C-.3 s:::
....... t/)
'<S::: ABOVE MONT ANA CREEK ""'S (RM 78) N -t, (/)
1.0~ ~ ~ n
l'tl m .....
1.0~
[PARKS BRIDGE) co~ SUNSHINE ..... M" (AM 84) l'tl
""'S
M"
l'tl
3
TALKEETNA BASE CAMP "'0
l'tl (RM 103) ""'S
Ql
M" c
""'S
l'tl
"'0 ABOVE 4th OF JULY CREEK
(RM 131) ""'S
0 -+> ......
l'tl
ABOVE GOLD CREEK -+> {RM 137) 0 -s
c-r :::::s-
l'tl
ABOVE INDIAN RIVER
(RM 139)
ABOVE PORT AGE CREEK
(RM 149)
0
~
""'
~
~
~
0
5:: 1-~.
:l
"' g
3
-1
(I)
3
'0
(!) ...
"' E' ...
(I)
"' 0 !-:l
c.. =.
'<
I\:)
.fCI ....
«l
DJ ....,
TEMPERATURE {'OCJ
"' ....
0
•
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.tn
' -
i
' Md
' I -
""""
-
"""'
-
-
vt-E-3 -
TEMPERATURE ( OC)
~ --0 0'1 0 0'1
I -..,., ~ 0 ABOVE ALEXANDER CREEK
t.O {RM 10) s::::: I -;
rD
rrl .
w ABOVE YENTNA RIVER ~ 0 ,_. (RM 29)
0 .
(.1) 3:
0 s:::::ro ABOVE LITTLE WILLOW CREEK Vl Q.J CAM 50) -'•:::S
~ rl" ::so..
Q.JQ.J ...... :::c ......
-'•'< ABOVE KASHWITNA RIVER 1-< (RM 61) rD3 ...... -;Q.J ......
-t,;::s
OVl
-;rt
rD ABOVE MONTANA CREEK ::r:-3 {RM 78) s::::: en lC Vl
s:::::s::::: ~
Vl-; m rt.....,
Q.J ,_. (") SUNSHINE (PARKS BRIDGE) ~ tJ'T(O (RM 84) ::e: ,_. Q.J
L.O rt
COrD ...... , .
rl" TALKEETNA BASE CAMP 1-0
rD (RM 103)
3
"'C 0 rD
~ -; 3:::: Q.J '" rt ABOVE 4th OF JULY CREEK s· 0 s::::: CRM 131) .. -; e-rD 3
"'C -i
II> -; 3 0 "t:l .....,
ABOVE GOLD CREEK (!) 0
CRM 137) ;
E" rD ., _.
II> ....., "' 0 0 -; =
rt ABOVE INDIAN RIVER ")> 0
CRM 139) c ::r cc .... rD c·
~ -,0'1 -0 ABOVE PORT AGE CREEK r ~ (RM 149) I -
-
SL-£-3
TEMPERATURE (OC)
0 01 0 0'1
'l'dl1 "'T'T 1 I ......
tO c
-s ABOVE ALEXANDER CREEK 0 ('1) r (RM 10) -· rT'l ..
w
....... I ....... ABOVE YENTNA RIVER 0
(RM 29)
tn3:
C('l)
VlPJ ...... :;::)
('1-
ABOVE LITTLE WILLOW CREEK . 0 :;::)0..
PJPJ {RM 50) ......
::C.--'
-'•'< < I
('1)3 .....
-sPJ ABOVE KASHWITNA RIVER ......
~:::5 (RM 61) OVl
""SM-
('1)
::t::o3 c
tO Vl
ABOVE MONT ANA CREEK c c 1-Vl""S (RM 78) ("'!-~ en PJ ~ """' N("')
U"'('l) m
=E ....... PJ SUNSHINE (PARKS BRIDGE) 1.0 ('1-(RM 84) ooro
1-'""S
('1-
('1)
3
TALKEETNA BASE CAMP 0 -c 1-('1) (RM 103) --s
PJ 0 ('1-
c ;;: -s g, ('1)
ri
-c ABOVE 4th OF JULY CREEK 0
-s {RM 131)
0
~ ......
('1) (!)
~ ABOVE GOLD CREEK !-·; 0
0 {RM 137) ~ -s (!) ..
('1-0 ::1"
('1) ::l
ABOVE INDIAN RIVER 1-~ 0
(RM 139) IQ c
~
II:>
.0'1 ·-ABOVE PORT AGE CREEK 1-g; 0·
(RM 149) --
9L-E-3 -
-TEMPERATURE (°C)
... -01 c::> en ..., ..... I • tO c. -s
I ro ABOVE ALEXANDER CREEK
rT1 (RM 10) .
w . .....
N
ABOVE YENTNA RIVER
"" ~ (RM 29)
Vl~ c.ro VlQJ
-'•:::l
rl-
:::l c.. ABOVE LITTLE WILLOW CREEK
"" ® QJQJ {RM 50) -'• :::c __,
-'•'< < -rt>3 -sCJ ..... .. 0 (.ll:::l ABOVE KASHWITNA RIVER rt>Vl {RM 61) "0 rt'
c-t-rt>
~3
<:7 Vl
i't) c. ABOVE MONT ANA CREEK
""
0 > > ..... [AM. 78) COCJ
~ ["') (I)
QJI't) ::j
:::l m o..:::: QJ SUNSHINE: (PARKS BRIDGE)
"" ..... rl-
CAM 84) 1-'(l) -~ -s
..... rt'
1.0 ro
C03
..... "0 TALKEETNA BASE CAMP ~-~ 0 C'D --s (RM 103) 3:3: QJ
c-t' Q)Ql
I:: s·s· .... > mm C'D r 33 -"0 ABOVE 4th OF JULY CREEK -1-1 0 > CRM T31) CllC!l o· 33
""" '0'0 ...... CllCD ... ...
C'D ~,;:.
i::C -ABOVE GOLD CREEK .... ;; 0 ..... {RM 137) • fPfP
0
> 00
:I :I
rl-CI)C/l ::s-(!)Cil -ro '0'0
ABOVE INDIAN RIVER 1-iDiii 0
CAM 139) 33
C"C'
(!)Cil .....
-.ao f"~~ -_co
ABOVE PORTAGE CREEK p. coao 0 (RM 149) ao-
~
LL-£-3
.,,,,
TEMPERATURE (°C)
-...
0 (1! 0 !"
"Tl . . . -......
c.o s::::
-s ABOVE ALEXANDER CREEK ~ ('1)
(RM 10)
rr1 .
w
......
w
r ABOVE YENTNA RIVER
(AM 29) i-0
Vl ::s:: S::::('l)
V)QJ ...... ~
c-t-ABOVE LITTLE WILLOW CREEK 0 ~c.. • Q.>CJ (RM 50)
;;o ......
-'•'< <
('1)3 -sc.o ...... ABOVE KASHWITNA RIVER .. 0 -h::::l 0(1') (RM 61)
-se-t-
('1)
Vl3 ~ ('1)
"'C (f)
c-t-S:::: ABOVE MONT ANA CREEK -0 ('1) -s (RM 78) 3-h c-g., en ron ~ --sro m
N~
o::>CJ SUNSHINE (PARKS BRIDGE) .
~ c-t-(RM 84) ('1)
1-'""'S -1.0
o::> c-t-
1-'('1) . 3
"'C TALKEETNA BASE CAMP . 0 ('1) (RM 103) 0 -s
CJ ::::: c-t-"' s:::: 3" -s '(/>
('1) CD'
ABOVE FOURTH OF JULY CREEK ~ .0 3
"'C (AM 131) -t' -s Cl)
0 3
-h '0 ...... !1;
"' ('1) E" ABOVE GOLD CREEK ~0 ..
-h Cl)
0 (RM 137) "' -s 0
::1
c-t-C/l ;;;:r Cl)
('1) ·'0 -ABOVE INDIAN RIVER . .. 0 CD'
3 (AM 139) cr
Cl) ..
~ po ...
ABOVE PORT AGE CREEK 0 co ex>
(AM 149)
"""
SLOUGH 21 SUSITNA RIVER ABOVE PORT AGE CREEK
(RM 142) (RM 149)
18.8 3\-SEP 6 -,... AUG ,... AUG 31-SEP 6
u Sl.e u
v v
1!1.
a.. 7.8 ~ 18.8 ,..,
l: w e.8 w 8.8 1-1-
S.lil 8.8
I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I ,_,
121<488 , .. reae 121<488 1888 1888 2288
8.8 SEP 7-f3 12. SEP 7-13 -,...
8.8
,...
u u
v v 7.8
a.. ••• a..
l: :E -w S.lil w
1-1-
-4.8
I I I I· I I I I I I
Q.488 1888 1688 2288 uaea 1688 2288 fll!llW!'
9.8 SEP 14-20 11 .a SEP 14-20
" S.lil ,... 18.8 ~ u u v 7.8 v 8.8
a.. e.8 a.. 8.8
:E l:
f.LI 5.8 w 7.8 ~
1-1-
4.8
I I I I I I I
e.8
I I I t I I I
Q.488 llil88 18811 2288 (Hiillil 1888 !888 2298
~1·
8.8 SEP 21-27 SEP 21-27
'"' 7.8 " 7.lil u u
v v """ 1!1.8 e.8
a.. s.8 a.. s.a
l: l:
w 4.8 w t.a 1-!--3.B 3.B
I I I I I I I I I
B"'QIII 1888 1888 22B8 8-188 l&ea re• 2288
TIME TIME
~
Figure E.3.14. Comparison of weekly diel surface water
temperature variations in Slough 21 and the
mains tern Susitna River at Portage Creek (adapted
from ADF&G 1981c).
E-3-113
~·
_,
-
~
~
~
r-
-
MONT ANA CREEK SUSITNA RIVER AT PARKS HIGHWAY BRIDGE
(RM 76) CRM 84]
15 . .11 15-21 17 • .11 .JUN 15-21 JUN
"' 1-t.lil " 11!1.8 u u
v v
13.111 15.8
a.. 12.111 a.. 14.8
::t: ::t:
l.LJ 11 .a l.LJ 13.8 1-1-
18 . .11 12.8
I I l I I I
1888 1158111 2288 .... ·-18811
15.8 22-28 te.a
..I UN 22-28 JUN
"' 14.8 "' IS.a u u v 13.8 v 14.8
a.. 12.8 a.. 13.1l
::t: :L
l.LJ u .a l..LJ 12.8
1-r-
18.8 11.8
I l I I l
1888 1888 2288 1888 15811
13.8 JUN 29-..JUL 5 13.8
..I UN 29-.JUL 5
"' 12.a ,.,
12.8 u u v v II .Ill II .a
a.. ta.a a.. 18.8
::t: :L
l.LJ 9.8 w 9.8 r-1-
s.a 1!1.8
-I I I I I I I I I I
188lil 1 eaa 2288 a-tea 188111 teaa
H.a JUL 6-12 14.8 .JUL 6-12 G 13.a "' 13.8 u
v 12.8 v 12.8
a.. 11 .8 0. 11 . .a
:L :L
LLJ 18.a l.LJ 18.8
1-1-
a.a e.
I I I I I I I j I I
1114Btil laaG 18Btil 2288 111488 tasaa 181i18
TIME TIME
Figure E.3.15. Comparision of weekly diel surface water
temperature variations in Montana Creek and the
mainstem Susitna River at the Parks Highway
Bridge (adapted from ADF&G 1981c).
I I I
22M
I I I
2288·
I
22811
I I
2288
average of two hour intervals for a 24 hour period (i.e. each point equals the
average water temperature at a specific time of day for a seven day period).
The values on each temperature axis were selected to best reflect the range of
water temperatures recorded. Each temperature axis encompasses a 5°C span in
water temperature. Diel temperature fluctuations can differ in a slough from
those recorded in the mainstem (Figure E.3.14). Surface water temperatures in
Slough 21 during September 1981 significantly increased during the afternoon,
while the mainstem Susitna River temperature near Portage exhibited no
corresponding increase, and in some cases decreased slightly (these sites are
separated by 6 river miles). Slough temperature increases may be due to the
increased solar warming of the shallow water in the sloughs; the glacial
source of mainstem flows keeps water temperatures nearly constant. These data
were collected during a period when the slough head was dewatered; thus
mainstem water had little influence on slough temperatures. Slough water
temperatures would be expected to correspond more closely to mainstem
temperatures during periods of high discharge when mainstem flows enter the
slough.
Figure E.3.15 illustrates temperature regimes for Montana Creek and the
mainstem Susitna River at the Parks Highway Bridge for mid-June through
mid-July 1981. The timing of diel temperature fluctuations in Montana Creek
is similar to that in the mainstem; however, mainstem fluctuations are
dampened. It appears that the larger amount of water in the Susitna buffers
temperature change.
Diel temperature patterns may exert an influence fishery resources and the
productivity of aquatic habitats (Hocutt et al. 1980; \-lard and Stanford 1979;
E-3-20
-
~I
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Baxter and Glaude 1980). Depending upon the relationship between surface and
intragravel water temperatures, alteration of diel variations may influence
egg deve 1 opment and fry emergence (Reiser and Bj ornn 1979). Altering Sus itna
River temperatures may affect stocks of rearing fish in unknown ways. The
effects on productivity in the Susitna River are also unknown. Diel
temperature fluctuations may influence or be related to diel fluctuations in
productivity. However, because primary productivity was not evaluated during
the 1981 field season, it is unknown whether diel fluctuations occur in pro-
ductivity. Studies should be considered to define the relationship between
surface and intragravel water temperature fluctuations, as well as temperature
influence on productivity in the mainstem, sloughs, and major tributaries.
3.5 Selected Slough Habitat Studies*
3.5.1 Introduction
Comprehensive water quality and discharge data were collected on a cooperative
basis with the USGS at five selected slough habitat study sites between
Talkeetna and Devil Canyon (Sloughs 8A, 9, 168, 19, and 21, Figure E.2.20).
Figure E.3.16 illustrates stream gradient and relative elevation of each
slough between Talkeetna and Portage Creek. Planimetric and morphometric maps
of Sloughs 16B, 19, and 21 are included in the AH subject. report (ADF&G
1981c). Planimetric maps of Sloughs 8A and 9 are presented in this report
(Figures E.3.17 and E.3.18). These sites were selected because they
represented varied types of slough habitat and fishery activities as deter-
* Refer to Sections 2.6, 2.7 and the AH subject report (ADF&G 1981c) for
additional site description and background information.
E-3-21
.....
...J w 900 > LLJ
..J
<C 800 w
(./l
z
<C 700 w
:1E
LLJ > 0 600
CD <
1-w 500 w
lJ... -z
0 400
t=
<C > LLJ 300 ...J
LLJ
200
80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160
RIVER MILE
Figure E.3.16. Susitna River gradient between Talkeetna and
Portage Creek showing positions of selected
habitat study sloughs (adapted from R&M 1982b).
E-3-22
-
-
....
~
-
-
~
-
-
fT1
I w
I
N w
J -----i!l
~
••. :' ·: .. ~.· •• •••• • ......... • • ~ ··: • ...... ; ... :·~· •••• :·i:-.-·:.t ." .. -:: ....... : .. · ... :· .... , ........... • .. • :·· ........... ~ ... -T .... · ~ ~·· ··~ ... :-.: ... :.·:;·· ...... .
Susitno . River
7
~ ........ ;.::~--.. .:·-~···::·-~·· .. ···;··,·:: .. . ··=··'· : .. ::.;.::i:--~:·.·.: ., ... 1'".-,,·,·:. :-·.:·.:,...;:-.......... ~,.:,-••. : .... · .•
I --
Figure E.3.17. Planimetric map of Slough 8A.
SLOUGH 8A
& = ADF&G Temporary
Bench Mark
0 ~ R&M Temporary
Bench Mark
LAX =Lower River Cross
Section (below Devil
Canyon)
-------= A&M Transect
-----= ADF&G Transect
ADF&G Survey Date: Oct. 10-11, 1981
rrl
I w
I
N
.j::oo
5
R&M
LAX 31
4
-AIIIIf------Susima River
Figure E.3.~8. Planimetric map of Slough 9.
)
SLOUGH 9
& = AOF&G Temporary
Bench Mark
LAX = Lower River Cross
Section (below Devil
Canyon)
= R&M Transect
= ADF&G Transect
ADF&G Survey Date: Oct. 14, 1981
.!
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
mined from:
a) fishery, water quantity and quality baseline data collected by the
ADF&G (1974, 1977, 1978); and
b) a reconnaissance trip to the study area in June 1981 by ADF&G
Su-Hydro and USGS personnel .
Supplemental fishery and physiochemical data for these sloughs are presented
in Chapter Two. Water quality data analysis is preliminary and interpretation
is limited to three sets of data collected in the summer of 1981.
3.5.2 Relationships Between Water Quality in the Mainstem River and
Selected Sloughs with Respect to Mainstem Discharge
Mainstem and slough water quality data can be used to identify relationships
between these two systems. At high mainstem Susitna River flows, many of the
sloughs are essentially shallow branches of the mainstem. As mainstem
discharge drops, the flow of mainstem water into the sloughs is reduced until
mainstem surface water no longer enters the headwaters of the sloughs.*
Turbidity is one of the water quality parameters that can be used for
observing these discharge water quality relationships. Turbidity levels in
sloughs drop below mainstem levels when slough headwaters are no longer
interconnected with mainstem surface waters (Table E.5.8 in ADF&G 1981c).
This however does not preclude the possibility that mainstem flows enter
slough channels as intragravel seepage.*
* See Sections E.2.7 and E.3.2 for additional slough/mainstem relation-
ships.
E-3-25
E-3.;.26
s...
Q)
..0
0
+-' u
0
Vl
4-u_
0
N
0)
1'--
Q)
CTl s...
1'0
..!:: u
Ill
•r-
""0
s...
Q)
>
•r-
Ill ::s
V1
E
Q)
+-'
Ill s::
•r-
..!::
CTl ::s
0 .--
(/)
4-
0
..!::
+-' ::s
0
::E
Q)
+-'
1'0
r-
0..
-
-
-
-
During periods when the surface water in the sloughs is c1ear there can remain
some influence of mainstem turbidity at the mouth if a backwater area exists.
Another parameter which demonstrates mainstem/slough relationships is the
concentration of suspended trace metals. When mainstem discharge is high and
enters the sloughs, trace metal concentrations in the sloughs are high (Table
E.5.8 in ADF&G 1981c). At high mainstem flows in Sloughs 8A, 9, and 21,
slough trace metal concentrations essentially equal those measured in the
mainstem (Table £.5.8, ADF&G 1981c). At high mainstem flows, trace metal
levels in Sloughs 168 and 19 were somewhat lower than those measured in other
study sloughs and the mainstem river. This relationship may indicate that a
larger percentage of flow in Sloughs 168 and 19 originates from groundwater or
other sources. In spite of this, a positive correlation is still evident
between mainstem flows and trace metal concentrations in these sloughs when
slough inlets receive mainstem surface flows of the Susitna River. At low
mainstem discharges, trace metal concentrations in all sloughs are well below
concentrations in the mainstem. Trace metals are associated with suspended
sediment rather than with dissolved constituents (Table E.5.8 in ADF&G 1981c).
Thus, as slough turbidity drops, sediment-associated parameters such as trace
metal concentrations also drop. Other water quality parameters in the sloughs
during low mainstem flows do not vary significantly from those of the
mainstem.
* See Sections E.2.7, E.3.2 and Chapter 4 for additional slough/mainstem
relationships.
E-3-27
!Jli
w
I
N
00
Plate 8. View of head of Slough 168 (mainstem Susitna River discharge 14,500 cfs), September 9, 1981.
-
-
3.5.3 Relationships Between Water Quality Characteristics in Study
Sloughs
A brief overview of water quality data presented in the AH subject report
(ADF&G 1981c) for each of the five selected habitat study sloughs (Sloughs 8A,
9, 16B, 19, and 21) reveals intrinsic differences between water quality in
each of the sloughs. Water quality differences may be explained by dif-
ferences in morphology. For example, the turbidity in Slough 19, during high
mainstem discharge, is low compared to the other four sloughs. This can be
attributed to the source of water in Slough 19; it is the only slough that is
not connected to the mainstem at its head and is almost entirely spring fed.
The lower slough turbidity is likely the result of the lack of mainstem water
influence (See section 3.2 and Figure E.3.2).
Although water quality in Slough 19 appears to be independent of direct
mainstem influence, stage within this slough, is directly affected by the
mainstem Susitna at high flows. During high mainstem flows the stage of the
mainstem Susitna River acts as a hydraulic barrier at the slough outlet and a
large backwater forms in the lower end of the slough (See chapter 4). Under
these conditions, discharge data indicate that outflow from the slough is
essentially eliminated (Table E.5.8 in ADF&G 1981c). Eventually, the stage in
the mainstem Susitna drops enough to allow slough outflow. This and similar
backwater areas in other sloughs provide rearing areas for juvenile fish.
E-3-29
...,
I
w
I w
0
Plate 9. View of mouth of Slough 168 (mainstem Susitna River discharge 14,500 cfs), September 9, 1981.
-
-
Water quality characteristics of Slough 168 also differ from those of other
sloughs. The specific conductance and alkalinity are markedly lower in Slough
168 than in any of the other sloughs studied (Table E.5.8 in ADF&G 1981c).
Slough 168 also has the lowest turbidity (with the exception of Slough 19) and
the lm·Jest trace metal concentrations during both high and low mainstem flows,
of any other sloughs or the mainstem Susitna. It is suspected that this
occurs because the Indian River (approximately 1 mile upstream of Slough 168)
contributes a portion of the surface and subsurface flows in the slough.
Sloughs 8A, 9, and 21 all appear to behave similarly. During periods of high
discharge in the Susitna River, the water quality in each of these sloughs is
essentially the same as that in the mainstem. As discharge drops, a critical
mainstem discharge level is attained at which point the clearwater sources in
each slough becomes predominant. A backwater area forms at the mouths of
these sloughs during periods of high mainstem discharge.
Data for Slough 21 (presented in the AH subject report, ADF&G 198lc) indicate
that surface water diel temperatures ranged from 4.5 to 8.5°C while the
intragravel temperature remained constant at 3.0°C from August 27 to September
29, 1981. This temperature relationship is important to the fishery because
both larval devel~pment and emergence from the egg is dependent upon water
temperature in the substrate {Reiser and Bjornn 1979). Subsequent fry growth
and behavior would be dependent upon surface water temperatures (Reiser and
Bjornn 1979).
Because of the relative importance of slough habitats to the fishery resources
of the Susitna River, it will be important to further define relationships
E-3-31
Plate 10. Aerial view of Slough 19 (mainstem Susitna River discharge 7,440 cfs), October 15, 1981.
between mainstem discharges and slough water quality characteristics. Further
studies should be directed towards:
1) determining the actual sources and volumes of base flows in the
-sloughs;
-
-
2) studying a greater variety of sloughs with different
characteristics;
3) determining surface and intragravel water temperatures in the
sloughs and the factors which influence them;
4) determining concentrations of intragravel oxygen in the sloughs and
the factors which influence them; and
4) evaluating data collected by the ADF&G and other investigators
during and prior to 1981.
E-3-33
,...
\
....
i
-
,...
i
\
4. PfflJICTIV£ JVDliLS
-
4.0 PREDICTIVE MODELS
4.1 Introduction
This chapter discusses some of the preliminary computer models which have been
developed by Acres and their subcontractors to predict post-project
temperature and stage/discharge relationships in the Susitna River downstream
from the proposed two dam hydroelectric system. Included in this chapter are
comparisons between predicted and known (see ADF&G 1981c) stage, discharge and
temperature characteristics. Existing data can be used to refine the current
models and identify additional data collection requirements.
4.2 Stage Analysis
R&M Consultants, Inc., subcontractors to Acres American, Inc., applied the
HEC-2 hydraulic model (R&M 1982a, b) to forecast water surface elevations
(WSEL) in the Susitna River between Talkeetna and Devil Canyon at various
discharges. This model is likely to become a key decision making tool as
feasibility studies progress (e.g. what WSEL at specific sites, such as
sloughs, are associated with certain mainstem Susitna streamflows).
Therefore, it is important to establish confidence in the predictive
capabilities of the model.
The HEC-2 hydraulic model has been used to predict WSEL at approximately 70
mainstem cross sections for a range of mainstem discharges. Predicted
stage/discharge relationships can be compared with observed WSEL or stage data
E-4-1
collected by the AOF&G at eight mainstem sites between Talkeetna (R.M. 97.0)
and Devil Canyon (R.M. 152.0) during the 1981 summer field season (Table
E.4.1). Elevations at two of these sites, Sloughs 168 and 19, have been
referenced to the project (MSL) datum, thereby allowing WSEL datum to be
computed from their respective stage data. For each site, an observed gage
height or stage/ .discharge relationship was plotted using 1981 Susitna River
discharge data from the Gold Creek station (USGS 1981; Figures E.4.1 -E.4.8).
The observed stage/discharge rel ati onshi ps were compared to WSEL/di scharge
relationships predicted by the HEC-2 hydraulic model. Either the closest WSEL
datum for an R&M survey cross section (if within 0.1 mile of the mainstem
AOF&G site) or WSEL datum interpolated from the nearest upstream and
downstream cross sections (assuming a 1 inear drop in elevation between the
cross sections) were used for comparative purposes.
When comparing predicted WSEL/discharge relationships to observed gage height
or stage/discharge rel ati onshi ps, the characteristic to note is the relative
slope of each plot (Figures E.4.1-E.4.8). Several discrepancies between
predicted and observed values are apparent. The model generally predicts a
smaller than observed change in mainstem stage (or WSEL) when the discharge
values are below 20,000 cfs. Therefore, more of the river channel would
become dewatered for an incremental decrease in streamflow than the model
predicts. An exception is noted in the vicinity of Slough 19 where the
observed rate of changes in stage of the Susitna River, for discharge values
less than 20,000 cfs, is smaller than that predicted by the model. The model
also predicts that WSEL values at Sloughs 16B and 19 (for a given rnainstem
Susitna River streamflow) will be higher than actually observed at these sites
E-4-2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
;~
-
Table E.4.L Comparison of observ-ed stage (ADF&G 1981c) to predicted water
surface elevation (WSEL) data (R&M 1982a, b) at various Susitna
River discharges, cfs (USGS 1981), used in developing Figures
E.4.1-£.4,8.
OBSERVED PREDICTED
Location Stage Discharoe* WSEL Discharse*
Ta 1 keetna AA Fish Camp 362.7 9,990
(R.M. 101.0) 1.86 14,100 363.4 13,800
2.36 16,600 363.8 17,508
3.64 24,200 364.5 24' 107
5.18 35,900 365.3 35,540
7.14 51,900 366.8 53,566
Mainstem 2 1.46 10,600 468.4 9,990
(R.M. 114.4) 2.64 -14 ,600 469.5 13,800
3.07 17 ,400 470.3 17,508
4.36 28,800 471.9 24,107
5.82 38,400 473.5 35,540
6.16 43,000 476.4 53,566
Curry AA Fish Camp 0.00 10,500 516.6 9,990
(R.M. 120.0) 1. 52 13,900 517.1 13,800
2.16 17,200 517.5 17,508
3.63 24,000 518.4 24,107
5.16 36,300 519.3 35,540
6.07 58,200 521.2 53,566
~iainstem Susitna-Curry 521.8 9,700
(R.M. 120.7) 522.6 13,400
2.33 17,200 523.3 17,000
3.86 24,900 524.3 23,401
5.23 34,200 . 525.4 34,500
5.68 36 '100 527.2 51,998
Mainstem Susitna ~ 1.18 9560 684.0 9,700
Inside Bend 2.22 14,600 685.1 13,400
( R.M. 136.9) 2.51 16,200 685.8 17,000
2.88 18,800 687.0 23,401
688.1 34,500
689.9 51,998
Slouoh 168** 695.10 8,890 699.5 9,700 {R.~( 138.0) 695.80 10,400 700.4 13,400
696.00 10,800 701.1 17,000
696.10 11,300 702.0 23,401
696.50 11,800 702.9 34,500
697.00 14,500 704.4 51,998
697.40 15,900
---Data unavailable.
* Susitna River at Gold Creek.
** Stage as converted into project datum elevation~
E-4-3
Table E.4.1. (Continued).
. -
OBSERVED PREDICTED
Location Stage Discharge* WSEL Discharge*
Slough 19** 720.00 8,890 722.1 9,540
(R.M. 140.0) 720.30 9,560 723.0 13,178
720.30 10,100 723.7 16,720 ~
720.40 10,400 724.8 23,001
720.40 10,800 725.8 33,910
720.60 11,800 727.4 51,109 -721.20 15,700 I
722.80 16,000
Mainstem Susitna -Island 1.41 28,600 810.9 9,540 -
( R • ~1. 146 . 9 ) 2.39 33,400 812.0 13,179
3.23 38,400 812.8 16,720
3.66 43,000 814.2 23,001 -· 4.21 46,400 815.9 33,910
4.51 51,300 819.1 51,109 -'
---Data unavailable.
* Susitna River at Gold Creek.
** Stage as converted into project datum elevation.
-
-
-
E-4-4
-.....
-I 370 en ::
L6l > -0 -I
ID w
< 0
0
1-:: w w t\1 -1.1. 365
z 0 w 0 J: j:: w < J: > 1-w
-I 0 w z
La c;;
0 ::1
j WSEL Predictions I < (g u.. a: C)
::1 0 en 0
a: ~ w
1-< a:
3= 1-
0 <
w
"'~ 1-
0
0 361 w a: ~\l ~\l ~\l ll. ,r;::.~ <::I ~~ <;)• ~ ,r;:;
Discharge (CFS) at Gold Creek (USGS 15292000)
10.0
ll. :: <
0
-I w w
J:
3= 5.0 J: en
""" u:
< .....
z ~ 1-w 0 w ,... -::.::
-I ~ < 1-a:
1-< I Stage Data .....
1-w w
LJ..
......
w
0 < 1-en
1.0
'i::J\l 'i::J\l >.::,0 C) C) C) c· <;:::,• <;:::,• ' ~ ,>.::.
Discharge (CFS) at Gold Creek (USGS 15292000)
Figure E.4.1. Comparison of the observed stage/discharge
relationship (ADF&G 198lc) to the predicted .... WSEL/discharge relationship (R&M 1982a, b)
for the Susitna River at Talkeetna Base Camp
( R. M. 101.0).
"""' E-4-5
480
475
WSEL. Predictions I
Discharge (C~) at Gold Creek (USGS 15292000)
10.0
~
~
::E 5,0
ri. ....
~
:;: w r-en z < ::s
r-<
r-
I Stage Data
w w
~ ...... w
0 < r-
{/)
1.0
~~
.._<:::J•
<;:,<:;) <;:,<:;)
r;;:,? c? ~ .._c::i
Discharge (CFS) at Gold Creek (USGS 15292000)
Figure E.4.2. Comparison of the observed stage/discharge
relationship (ADF&G 1981c) to the predicted
WSEL/discharge relationship (R&M 1982a, b)
for the Susitna River at the Mainstem 2
habitat location (R.M. 114.4).
E-4-6
-
-
-
....
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
"""'
-
,."!~
-
..J
(/)
:iE
IJ.l > 0
c:l
<C
1-w w u..
z
Q
;-< > w
..J w
w
(.J
<C u.. a:
::::l
(/)
>a:
I.U
1-< ~
c
IJ.l
1-
0
·@ a: a..
1-w w u..
..J w c
0
:iE
N
' (.) w
J:
w
J:
1-
0
~
(/)
::::l
~ <q
0
C\1
::;
a:
1-
<C
530
525
10.0
5.0
j WSEL Predictions I
r::P ~ r;:;,~· ....
Discharge {CFS) at Gold Creek (USGS ·1 5292000)
I. Stage Data
Discharge (CFSJ at Gold Creek (USGS 15292000)
Figure E.4.3. Comparison of the observed stage/discharge
relationship (ADF&G 1981c) to the predicted
WSEL/discharge relationship (R&M 1982a, b)
for the Susitna River at the Curry Fish'wheel
Camp (R.M. 120.7).
E-4-7
z 0 Q w
1-:t:
<C w
::> :t:
WI-
-' w a
w ~ 0 >!) <C :;,
u.. (g a: (g
:;, ci
Cl) C\1
a:
~ ~
<C a:
:: 1-
0 <C w 1-g
0 w
if
> a:
5
0
1-w w u..
w a <C
1-
C/)
530
525
10.0
5.0
Figure E.4.4.
WSEL Predictions
~~
f:l9
.._C)
Discharge (CFS} at Gold Creek (USGS 15292000}
I Stage Data
s:;,O
. s:;,'?
.._<;;J
Discharge (CFS) at Gold Creek (USGS 15292000)
Comparison of the observed stage/discharge
relationship (ADF&G 198lc) to the predicted
WSEL/discharge relationship (R&M 1982a, b)
for the Susitna River at the Curry habitat
location (R.M. 120.7).
E-4-8
-
-
-
-
-
-·
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
....1 r:n
::l;
UJ >
0 .:.J co w·
<C 0
690
1-0 ~ ~ 685
'-" I
0 :z
~
UJ
0
ii5
~
1-
UJ
UJ u..
UJ
0
<C
1-r:n
10.0
5.0
F i gu re E. 4 . 5 .
]. WSEL Predictions ]
'>:;~
'::l
..... ~~·
Discharge {CFS)at Gold Creek {USGS 15292000)
Stage Data
'>:;~ '>:;~ ... c::;
Discharge (CFS) at Gold Creek (USGS 15292000)
Comparison of the observed stage/discharge
relationship (ADF&G 198lc) to the predicted
WSEL/discharge relationship (R&M 1982a, b)
for the Susitna River at the Mainstem
Susitna-Inside Bend habitat location
(R.M. 136.9).
E-4-9
1-
<( ,....
...J en
·:!;
1.1.1 > 0
a::l
<(
1-w
1.1.1 u.. .....
z
0
i=
<(
> 1.1.1
...J w
w
0
<(
u. a:
:::l
CJJ
a:
~
<(
3:
710
PREDICTED WSEL
,....
0 705
a:i
C")
~ a: .....
en
(0
z OBSERVED WSEL
" :::l
0
...J
UJ
701
~'>:) r::;'>::J 'Q~ '>:)~ '\
Discharge (CFS) at Gold Creek (USGS 15292000)
Figure E.4.6. Comparison of the observed stage/discharge
relationship (ADF&G 1981c} to the predicted
WSEL/discharge relationship (R&M 1982a, b)
for the Susitna River at Slough 168
( R • M • 138 . 0 } .
E-4-10
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
I""
1-
<( ,...
..I
(/) :::·
w ,... > 0 q co 0 ,... <( ':t
1-w ~ w
L.i. a: ._
""~
._
z 0) 0
i= J: <(
> 0 w ;:)
..I 0 w ..I
w (/)
0
<( u. ,.,., c:
:::!
(/)
c: w
1--<(
!i:
1"""'
-
-
730
725
_,
.-OBSERVED WSEl
721
r::Jt::) r::Jt::) r::Jc "'~ c~ !;:)
" -.,c·
Discharge (CFS) at Gold Creek (USGS 15292000]
Figure E.4.7. Comparison of the observed stage/discharge
rel ati onshi p (ADF&G 198lc) to the predicted
WSEL!discharge relationship (R&t·1 1982a, b)
for the Susitna River at Slough 19
(R.M. 140.0).
E-4-11
r::Jc r::J~
.... !;:)
-1
00 820
::!
w > 0
OJ
<( -1
1-w
w a
w 0
c.. ::!
C\1 815 z ' 0 0 i= w <( :I: > w w
-1 :I: w 1-
w 0
0 z
<( in c.. ::J o; 0) ::l
00 cd
I WSEL. Predictlona j
... a: w :i 1-
<( a:
== 0 1-
<( w
1-
0
0 w a: a..
co
§J?
>.;
Oiacharge {CFS) at Gold Creek (USGS 15292000)
10.0
0 z
<(
-1
5!2
<( 5.0 z
1-
(ij
::J ...... 00
::! C)
w cd
1-...
00
;?; :i <(
::! a:
1-'-'
<( Stage Data
......
1-w w c..
w
<:l
<(
1-
00
1.0
cr::.
c? '
>:P r::P c? c?
'-j ,<:::i
Discharge CCFS) at Gold Creek (USGS 15292000)
Figure E.4.8. Comparison of the observed stage/discharge
relationship (ADF&G 198lc) to the predicted
WSEL/discharge (R&M 1982a, b) for the Susitna
River at the Mainstem Susitna-Island habitat
location (R.M. 146.9).
E-4-12
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
(Figures E.4.6 and E.4.7). This discrepancy indicates that larger Susitna
River streamflow values, than are predicted by the model, will be required to
provide a specific stage at these locations.
It should be pointed out that observed discrepancies may be partly
attributable to the assumption used when interpolating specific WSEL datum at
various discharges for a given site, that is, elevation will drop linearly
between cross sections. It is also important to note that observations
indicate that stage at each site reacts in a unique fashion to changes in
mainstem Susitna River discharge. The implications of these comparisons are
significant, suggesting that it is difficult to predict reliable WSEL for
various discharges at mainstem study sites with the existing data base.
Accordingly, additional cross sections are required to calibrate the model or
a different approach is needed to predict accurate WSEL values for specific
mainstem discharges at particular locations.
4.3 Water Temperature Analysis
Acres has applied a model to predict pre-project and post-project mean monthly
surface water temperatures for the Susitna River reach between Talkeetna and
De vi 1 Canyon (Acres 1982). Predicted (Acres 1982) pre-project temperature
data* for June through September, are compared to the 1981 observed (ADF&G
1981c) mean monthly water temperatures for the same period for nearby sites
(Table E.4.2). Differences between observed and predicted temperatures
* Calibrated with 1981 climatic and Susitna River discharge data for the
open-water season (Trihey 1982).
E-4-13
* (/) )::> c.. 3:: -1
(1) c: c: 0 PJ ,_... -o tO ......... :::s r:::r
:::s <+ c: '< <+ n (1) Vl :::y CD
0 3 <+ 3 r:::r fTI
-o (1) . ...... -s """ (1) .
c+ N
ro .
c.
PJ ....... Temperature prediction for LRX 34 <+ on
c+ 0'1 co 0 (1) ("'") 0
PJ . . R.M. 130.5 3 3
~ ""'-~ 1-' -o ..-...-o
Ul 11) )::> PJ
ro -s Cl -s
c+ PJ ..., .......
co Observed temperature value for <+ 12'> Vl ..-... 0'1 t.D c (j} 0
~ . . R. ~1. 131.3 -s :::s
........ """ 0'1 N ltll-'
N Vl t.D 0 CO-t,
3 ......... ~
0 ;:c.no
:::s n ..._, 0"'
c+ -s .. Ul
~ Temperature prediction for LRX 47 (1) CD
1-' Ul ("i--s
-o 0'1 co 0 R.M. 137.2 0 <
CD . . . 1-' (1)
-s ....... " 0 t.D-o a.
fTl ..... co-s
I 0 N(l)3
""" 0.. ...__. 0. CD
I Observed temperature value for .....JeQ.I
....... 0 U1 co t.D -t,O:::S
"""
....., . . R.M • 136.8 oc+
~ U1 0'1 -sro3
-s * 0.0
(1) c+ :::s
n ::r3c+
0 CDCD:::Y
-s PJ ........
c. Ul::::l'<:
Temperature prediction for LRX 54 c:
Vl3Vl
U1 co t.D R.M. 140.8 ..... o c . . . c+::::l-s
t.D U1 t.D :::Sc+-t,
PJ :::y OJ __. n
A:J'<: CD
" U1 t.D Observed temperature value for ..... . . . <Vl:(
""" 0'1 1-' R.M. 138.7 (l)C:PJ
* -s-srt . -I, CD
OJ-s n
rnrt
(1)
:t:3
co Temperature prediction for LRX 61 PJ""' U1 t.D c+CD . . . R.M . 148.7 CD-s
""'-~ U1 co -sPJ
("i-c:
-s
(1)
....... Observed temperature value for Vl
0'1 co 0 .. . . . R.M . 148.8 0 ""'-~ 0
*
J
-
-
-
-
are minimal, suggesting that the model can be used to predict temperatures for
the open-water season when calibrated. However, these temperatures only
represent a portion of the 1981 open water season conditions for the mainstem
Susitna River and do not include temperatures for the ice covered season.
Therefore, year-round temperature data must also be collected to assess how
well the Acres temperature model can predict accurate year-round mainstem
surface water temperatures.
Temperature predictions are particularly important, because temperature
significantly affects the suitability of the mainstem Susitna River, its
associated sloughs, and side channel habitats to support various life phases
of fish species. Chum salmon, for example, could be highly impacted by
altered thermal regimes (Reiser and Bjornn 1979) because they use all three
habitats seasonally (ADF&G 1981a, d). As a result, the applicability
of the Acres temperature model to slough and side channel habitats should also
be studied.
4.4 Pre-project and Post-project Flow Comparisons
R&M Consultants calculated theoretical post-project monthly discharges for the
Susitna River at Gold Creek (Table E.4.3), Sunshine, and Susitna Station based
on the assumption that the proposed two dam system had gone into operation in
1950 (R&M 1982a). Historical discharge records (USGS 1977, 1978a, 1978b,
1979) for the Susitna River at Gold Creek (Table E.4.4), Sunshine, and Susitna
Station, were used to predict the outflow regimes {post-project discharges)
from the dams that would have provided optimum power production (Case A
scenario).
E-4-15
rr1
I .p.
I
--'
0)
Table E.4.3. Case A scenario mean monthly post-project discharge (cfs) for the Susitna River at Gold Creek (R&M
1982a) for the years 1950-1978.
YEAR OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG
1950 7736 9073 12669 10814 8961 7877 7931 10434 10176 8338 5773
1951 6967 7875 9414 8340 6614 6604 6355 10016 9362 7650 6111
1952 7464 10635 13130 11386 9173 8031 7856 8838 13752 9211 8027
1953 10094 11388 12930 10886 8992 7971 8195 11809 12915 7642 9453
1954 7476 9991 12729 11087 9173 7932 8031 13161 12866 8060 9628
1955 7006 10074 13274 11581 9573 8251 7998 10179 12109 8858 14554
1956 6843 9791 12529 10766 9143 8092 7972 12287 13255 15641 16005
1957 7698 10941 13371 11487 9673 8352 7993 11151 11989 8472 10243
1958 10104 11845 14487 11759 9480 8299. 8114 10518 10704 7992 9257
1959. 6972 7686 10229 11234 9480 8131 8103 13428 12095 9401 14602
1960 8451 10741 13430 11632 9625 8348 7967 10312 9259 8359 6411
1961 9686 10891 13923 12239 9926 8961 9231 11297 13741 10718 12031
1962 7700 10591 13329 11687 9673 8552 8281 8832 16353 14623 16462
1963 8616 10691 13229 11387 9673 8152 7793 11310 12406 15775 14713
1964 8341 10141 12723 10835 9139 7974 7878 8373 16524 14787 8482
1965 7082 9062 12440 10747 9033 8051 7941 9600 11602 9908 10868
1966 9097 9989 12861 11186 9473 8452 8356 10127 14134 8370 7412
1967 6876 7599 11735 11286 9573 8351 8056 10504 11886 12937 17240
1968 7589 10244 13284 11768 10073 9051 8491 10929 12927 13800 8329
1969 6793 7664 9304 10510 8896 7967 8091 9312 8547 6053 5164
1970 7172 8004 9519 8420 6801 6968 5875 6737 11552 9506 6034
1971 7144 7780 8987 8222 7128 7462 8403 8918 12834 8086 6732
1972 6900 7758 11879 12026 10201 8974 8291 13492 14059 14508 10628
1973 6630 9987 12694 10986 9372 8151 7851 8526 11066 6587 5581
1974 7060 7922 9300 7844 8798 7876 7859 10869 10046 7560 5682
1975 6916 7775 9304 8227 . 6515 7573 8173 11254 12710 14690 9124
1976 9631 9884 12310 10760 9123 8051 8050 11258 11496 6634 5271
1977 7194 8175 9717 8191 8160 8651 8260 11686 13729 11817 9834
1978 9231 11416 13819 11815 9841 8756 8283 8295 8865 7516 5777
.1 -J
SEP
4906
12518
6692
8148
6109
8159
14617
12789
4995
9909
11258
6466
12177
8131
5156'
12339
5355
14905
5032
4957
5151
5270
5634
4932
5413
9298
5070
5861
5071
rn . I
~
I
-' ......
-l l
Table E.4.4. Mean monthly pre-project discharge (cfs) for the Susitna River at Gold Creek (USGS 1977, 1978a, 1978b, 1979)
for the years 1950-1978.
YEAR OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB MAR APR f1AY JUN JUL AUG SEP
1950 6335 2583 1439 1027 788 726 870 11510 19600 22600 19880 8301
1951 3848 1300 1100 960 820 740 1617 14090 20790 22570 19670 21240
1952 5571 2744 1900 1600 1000 880 920 5419 . 32370 26390 20920 14480
1953 8202 3497 1700 1100 820 820 1615 19270 27320 20200 20610 15270
1954 5604 2100 1500 1300 1000 780 1235 17280 25250 20360 26100 12920
1955 5370 2760 2045 1794 1400 1100 1200 9319 29860 27560 25750 14290
1956 4951 1900 1300 980 970 940 950 17660 33340 31090 24530 18330
1957 5806 3050 2142 1700 1500 1200 1200 13750 30160 23310 20540 19800
1958 8212 3954 3264 1965 1307 1148 1533 12900 25700 22880 22540 7550.
1959 4811 2150 1513 1448 1307 980 1250 15990 23320 25000 31180 16920
1960 6558 2850 2200 1845 1452 1197 1300 15780 15530 22980 23590 20510
1961 7794 3000 2694 2452 1754 1810 2650 17360 29450 24570 22100 13370
1962 5916 2700 2100 1900 1500 1400 1700 12590 43270 25850. 23550 15890
1963 6723 2800 2000 1600 1500 1000 830 19030 26000 34400 23670 12320
1964 6449 2250 1494 1048 966 713 745 4307 50580 22950 16440 9571
1965 6291 2799 1211 . 960 860 900 1360 12990 25720 27840 21120 19350
1966 7205 2098 1631 1400 1300 1300 1775 9645 32950 . 19860 21830 11750
1967 4163 1600 1500 1500 1400 1200 1167 15480 29510 26800 32620 16870
1968 4900 2353 2055 1981 1900 1900 1910 16180 31550 26420 17170 8816
1969 3822 1630 822 724 723 816 1510 11050 15500 16100 8879 5093
1970 3124 1215 866 824 768 776 1080 11380 18630 22660 19980 9121
1971 5288 3407 2290 1442 1036 950 1082 3745 32930 23950 31910 14440
1972 5847 3093 2510 2239 2028 1823 1710 21890 34430 22770 19290 12400
1973 4826 2253 1465 1200 1200 1000 1027 8235 27800 18250 20290 9074
1974 3733 1523 1034 874 777 724 992 16180 17870 18800 16220 12250
1975 3739 1700 1603 1516 1471 1400 1593 15350 32310 27720 18090 16310
1976 7739 1993 1081 974 950 900 1373 12620 24380 18940 19800 6881
1977 3874 2650 2403 1829 1618 1500 1680 12680 37970 22870 19240 12640 .
1978 7571 3525 2589 2029 1668 1605 1702 11950 19050 21020 16390 8607
Observed mean monthly pre-project discharges are compared to predicted post-
project discharges for the Susitna River at Gold Creek, Sunshine and Susitna
Stations over the period 1950-1978 in Table £.4.5 and plotted as hydrographs
in Figures E.4~9 to £.4.11. Comparisons of observed pre-project and predicted
post-project discharges with the periodicity of adult salmon passage and
spawning for the Susitna River at Gold Creek are illustrated in Figures E.4.12
and E. 4.13.
These figures and tables illustrate that the observed pre-project Susitna
River streamflows at Gold Creek Station are altered by the proposed power
production flow regimes. During winter, flow is higher due to increased power
demand, while during summer, flow is reduced to refill the reservoir (Figure
E.4.9). As a result, normally observed high summer discharge events (floods)
are dampened or eliminated (Figures E.4.12 and E.4.13). Susitna River hydro-
graphs for Sunshine Station (downstream of the Talkeetna and Chulitna Rivers)
and at Susitna Station (downstream of the Yentna River) show predicted post-
project flows deviating in simi 1 ar ways from observed pre-project conditions
(Figures E.4.10 and E.4.11). However, differences between predicted post-
project and observed pre-project conditions of the mainstem Susitna River
decrease progressively downstream of the Talkeetna, Chulitna, and Yentna
Rivers.
Fish movement may be altered by changes in the flow regime (see Section 2.3).
Fish passage into sloughs can be obstructed if these habitats are dewatered.
Many sloughs between Talkeetna and Devil Canyon begin dewatering at their
heads when mainstem streamflows drop to approximately 20,000 cfs (at
E-4-18
....
-
-
-
,_
,_
-
~
"""'
-
-
Table E.4.5. Comparison of mean monthly pre-project (USGS 1977, 1978a, 1978b,
1979) and predicted post-project power discharges, cfs (R&M
1982a), for the Susitna River at Gold Creek, Sunshine and
Susitna Station over the period 1950-1978.
Gal d Creek Sunshine Susitna Station
Discharge* Discharge* Discharge*
Pre-Post-Pre-Post-Pre-Post-
Month Eroject Eroject** Eroject Eroject** eroject eroject**
OCT 5,664 7,810 13,775 15,921 29,822 31,967
NOV 2,465 9,504 5,835 12,874 12 ,577 19,616
DEC 1,776 12,019 4,195 14,438 8,177 18,419
JAN 1,456 10,658 3,492 12,695 7,874 17,078
FEB 1,234 9,010 2,943 109,959 7,006 14,782
MAR 1,111 8,130 2,620 9,637 6,295 13,314
APR 1,365 7,989 3,159 9,783 6,920 13,544
MAY 13,298 10,464 27,505 24,671 59,746 56,912
JUN 28,040 12,171 64,348 48,479 123,829 107,960
JUL 23,680 10,121 62,882 49,323 131,568 118,009
AUG 21,514 9,497 56,141 44,125 110 '242 98,225
SEP 13,254 7,804 32,494 27,044 65,674 60,225
* Susitna River
** Power flows (Case A Scenario)
E-4-19
co ,...
m ....
I
0
lO
0)
r-\
0
0
0 ....
X
(/)
1.1..
0 ._,
UJ
CJ a:
fTl <:
I :c
+:a 0 I ~ N
0 0
>-_.
:c
1-z
0
::E
z
<(
UJ
:E
30
25
20
15
pre -proJect flows
~ 10
post -proJect power flows
5
OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP
Figure E.4.9. Mean monthly pre-project (USGS 1977, 1978a, 1978b, 1979) and predicted (R&M
1982a, b) post-project power (Case A scenario) discharge (cfs) of the Susitna
River at Gold Creek for the period 1950-1978.
co ,.._
Q) .,...
I
0
ll)
Q) ....
......
0
0
0 ....
X
fJ)
LL
0
loJ
w
C) a:
<( rr1 J: I 0 -+:>
I !:2
N 0 _,
>-_.
J:
1-z
0
::::E
z
<( w
:E
) --J
60
50
40
pre -project flows
30
post -project power flows
20
10
OCT , NOV DEC JAN FEB MAR APR . MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP
Figure E.4.10. Mean monthly pre-project (USGS 1977, 1978a, 1978b, 1979) and predicted (R&M
1982a) post-project power (Case A scenario) discharge (cfs) of the Susitna
River at Sunshine for the period 1950-1978.
.1
co ,._
en ..-
I
0
lf)
en
r--.
0
0
0 ..-
X
(/) u_
0 .......
w
('J
0:
fl"1 <(
I I
.j::> 0 I ~ N
N 0
>-
_J
I
I-z
0
~
z
<(
w
:2:
150
125
100
75
pre -project flows
post -project power flows
50
25
Susitna River At Susitna Station
(AM 26)
0 L---~--~----~---L--~L---~--~----~---L----L----L--~~------~----~--------~
OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP
Figure E.4.11. Mean monthly pre-project (USGS 1977, 1978a, 1978b, 1979) and predicted (R&M
1982a) post-project power (Case A scenario) discharge (cfs) of the Susitna
River at Susitna Station for the period 1950-1978 .
J . . ~
nl
I
+:>
I
N w
J
0
0
0
X
(/)
LL
0
~
~
a::
<(
I
0
(/)
0
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
• •
1950 1951
Predicted
Postproject
Discharge
• • • • •
1952 1953 1954 1955 1956
Preproject
Discharge --
n
i! :,
'I lo .. r':
I I
(!
I ! (
I
I
I
1957 1958 1959
YEAR
---
Period of Adult
Salmon Passage
and Spawning
...
3 II ,.
•• •' •' .:
It •• II
II !~ : ...
I I I I
• I 1 I
I I
I :
I I
I l
• • 'I I, ..
'·i I, ,, •• -li I• •' II J: ,,
:~o i I
I I
i i :I I 1
~ :
i
I
I
1960 1961 1962 1963 1964
figure E.4.12. Mean monthly pre-project (USGS 1978a)and predicted (R&M 1982a) post-project
power (Case A scenario) discharge (cfs) of the Susitna River at Gold Creek for
the years 1950-1964 and provisional periodicity of adult salmon spawning and
passage.
l
JTI
I
+:>
I
N ..p.
0
0
0
X
(/)
1..1..
0
UJ
(!)
cr
<( :.c
0
({)
0
40
35
30
25
20
15
lO
5
0
•
Predicted
PostprnJect
Disch;trge
• • --• -
Preproject
Discharge
•
fl II II
ll ,,
" II
II
II ,,
" .,
~1
l l I .,
I I
I I
I I
I 1
•
n II IO
II
" tj
' I
I 1n u:
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
-
•
Period ol Adult
Salmon Passc~oe
and Spawnm9
• • •
1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978
Figure E.4.13.
YEAR
Mean monthly pre-project (USGS 1977, 1978a, 1978b, 1979) and predicted (R&M
1982a) post-project power (Case A scenario) discharge (cfs) of the Susitna
River at Gold Creek for the years 1965-1978 and provisional of adult
salmon spawning and passage.
F
'
-
Gold Creek), and at their mouths when flows drop to approximately 10,000 cfs
(see Section 2. 7 and ADF&G 198lc). Projected post-project average summer
discharges at Gal d Creek never exceed 15,000 cfs, and during the period of
major salmon passage (July-September) rarely exceed 10,000 cfs (Figures E.4.12
and E.4.13). This means a portion of the slough habitat would not be avail-
able for salmon spawning at these streamflows because salmon passage into the
sloughs would be hampered or eliminated. Periodic flood events have a
flushing effect on the mainstem its side channels, and sloughs. The extent to
which these periodic cleansing floods affect the fish habitat in the Susitna
River is not well known, but changes in flushing events may constitute an
impact to the fishery.
Investigations to obtain a better understanding of these observed and pre-
dicted relationships are planned for 1982.
E-4-25
r
~
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I""
I
i'
-
5. CONQLJSirn
-i
-
-
!"""
!
5. CONCLUSION
It is hoped that this report provided an introduction to the scope and types
of data collection programs presently being undertaken by the ADF&G as part of
the APA•s Su-Hydro Environmental Feasibility Studies.
Keeping in mind that this report .represents a partial synthesis of the 1981
fishery and aquatic habitat data collected, it is recommended that a
contractor be designated to analyze these and other relevant data as part of a
comprehensive aquatic studies impact analysis. All past and present reports
related to the fishery and aquatic habitat characterization of the Susitna
River should be included in this evaluation. New information should also be
incorporated into this analysis as it becomes available.
E-5-1
!!""'
I
-
-
r
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6. CDNTRIBUTO~
-
-
-
-
-
6. CONTRIBUTORS
AQUATIC HABITAT & INSTREAM FLOW
PROJECT LEADER
BIOMETRICIAN
CREW LEADERS
EDITORS
GRAPHICS COORDINATOR
DRAFTING
1. INTRODUCTION
2. FISHERIES AND HABITAT RELATIONSHIPS
Salmon Periodicity and Sonar Counts
in Relation to Discharge
Percent Incidence of Selected Fish
Species in Relation to Discharge
Percent Trapping Incidence of
Selected Fish Species in Relation
to Point Specific Depth and
Velocity
Bering Cisco Spawning Habitat
Evaluation
Matrixes of Fishery and Physio-
chemical Observations
Chum and Sockeye Adult Salmon
Observations in Selected Sloughs
in Relation to Mainstem Discharge
Fisheries and Habitat Relationships
in the Proposed Impoundment Area
E-6-1
Christopher Estes
A 11 en Bingham
Timothy Quane
Andrew Hoffmann
Christopher Estes
All~n Bingham
Camille Stephens
~Jendy Kirk
Carol Riedner
Kathy Sheehan
Camille Stephens
Sheryl Salasky
Christopher Estes
Allen Bingham
Staff
Drew Crawford
Kevin Delaney
Doug Lang
Andrew Hoffmann
Allen Bingham
Christopher Estes
Doug Lang
Staff
Timothy Quane
Christopher Estes
Joe Sautner
-
CONTRIBUTORS (Continued) -
3. HABITAT RELATIONSHIPS -Discharge and Turbidity Relationships Andrew Hoffmann
Allen Bingham
Differences Between Surface Water Staff -Temperatures at Mainstem Locations
Diel Surface Water Temperature Andrew Hoffmann
Fluctuations
Selected Slough Habitat Studies Andrew Hoffmann
Timothy Quane -
Christopher Estes
4. PREDICTIVE MODELS Doug Lang
Christopher Estes
5. CONCLUSION Staff
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
E-6-2
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7. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Many individuals representing s16te and federal agencies and the private
sector provided support to this project and resultant report. The authors
wish to especially thank T.W. Trent, L. Heckart, L. Bartlett, K. Delaney, B.
Barrett, D. Schmidt, B. Dieryck, K. Watson and the AH, RJ, AA and Biometrics
support staff (ADF&G); W. Trihey (ACRES); J. Baldridge (Arctic Environmental
Information and Data Center); and, D. Lehner-Welch (Soil Conservation
Service). The authors also wish to especially thank P. Skeers for typing.
Special acknowledgement and appreciation are also extended to the APA for
funding this first year of study.
E-7-1
8. ffFEPENcr:S
,....
r
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I
!
8. REFERENCES
Acres American, Inc. (Acres) 1980. Susitna Hydroelectric Project Plan of
Study. Prepared for the Alaska Power Authority. Anchorage, Alaska.
Acres American, Inc. (Acres) 1982. Susitna Hydroelectric Project feasibility
report. Volume 4. Appendix A. Hydrological Status. Prepared by Acres
for the Alaska Power Authority. Anchorage, Alaska.
Alaska Department of Fish and Game (ADF&G). 1974. An assessment of the
anadromous fish populations in the Upper Susitna River ~Jatershed between
Devil Canyon and the Chulitna River. Anchorage, Alaska.
1976. Fish and Wildlife studies related to the Corps of Engineers
Devil Canyon, Watana Reservoir Hydroelectric Project. ADF&G. Anchorage,
Alaska.
1977. ?reauthorization assessment of the proposed Susitna Hydroelec-
tric Projects: preliminary investigations of water quality and aquatic
species composition. ADF&G. Anchorage, Alaska •
---. 1978. Preliminary environmental assessment of hydroelectric develop-
ment on the Susitna River. Anchorage, Alaska.
1979. Preliminary final plan of study fish and studies proposed by
the ADF&G. ADF&G. Anchorage, Alaska.
E-8-1
-
REFERENCES (Continued) -
198la. Adult anadromous phase 1 final species/subject report. ADF&G
Su Hydro Aquatic Studies Program. Anchorage, Alaska. -
198lb. Adult anadromous phase 1 final stock separation feasibility
report. AOF&G Su Hydro Aquatic Studies Program. Anchorage, Alaska.
198lc. Aquatic habitat and instream flow phase 1 final draft subject
report. ADF&G Su Hydro Aquatic Studies Program. Anchorage, Alaska.
198ld. Juvenile
species/subject report.
Anchorage, Alaska.
anadromous fish study phase
AOF&G Su Hydro Aquatic
1 final draft
Studies Program.
1981e. Procedures manual. (Draft) ADF&G Su Hydro Jl.quatic Studies
Program. Anchorage, Alaska.
1981f. Resident fish investigation on the Jower Susitna River phase
1 final species/subject draft report. ADF&G Su Hydro Aquatic Studies
Program. Anchorage, Alaska.
-
....
-
-
-
1981g. Resident fish investigation on the upper Susitna River phase -
1 final species/subject draft report. ADF&G Su Hydro Aquatic Studies
Program. Anchorage, Alaska.
E-8-2
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-
-
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I
....
-
REFERENCES (Continued)
Alaska Department of Natural Resources (ADNR).
bibliography. ADNR. Anchorage~ Alaska.
1979. Susitna River Basin bibliography.
Anchorage~ Alaska.
1977. Susitna Basin
Supplement. AONR.
Baxter, R.M.~ and P. Glaude. 1980. Environmental effects of dams and
impoundments in Canada: experience and prospects. Canadian Bulletin of
Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. Bulletin 205.
Bishop, O.M. 1975. A hydrologic reconnaissance of the Susitna River below
Devils Canyon. A report prepared for Nat. Marine Fish. Serv. of NOAA,
Contract no. 03-4-208-302. Environaid~ Juneau, Alaska.
Bovee, K.D. and T. Gochnauer. 1977. Probability of use Criteria. U.S. Fish
and Wildlife Service. Instream Flow Group. Ft. Collins, Colorado.
Hocutt, C.H., J.R. Stauffer, J.E. Edinger, L.W. Hall~ and R.P. Morgan. 1980.
Powerplants -effects on fish and shellfish behavior. Academic Press .
New York, New York.
Hynes, H.B.N. 1970. The ecology of running waters. University of Toronto
Press. Toronto, Canada.
E-8-3
-
REFERENCES (Continued)
. ~
Morrow, J.E. 1980. The freshwater fishes of Alaska. Alaska Northwest
Publishing Company. Anchorage, Alaska. -,
R&M Consultants.
Morphology.
1982a. Susitna Hydroelectric Project. Appendix 8.9. River
Prepared for the A 1 ask a Power Authority. R&M Consultants.
Anchorage, Alaska.
1982b. Unpublished provisional data. R&M Consultants. Anchorage,
Alaska.
Reiser, O.W. and T.C. Bjornn. 1979. Habitat requirements of anadromous
sa lmonids. U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service. Pacific
Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station. General Technical Report.
PNW-96. Portland, Oregon.
Scott, W.B. and E.J. Crossman. 1973. Freshwater fishes of Canada. Bulletin
Fisheries Research Board of Canada. 19(4).
Trihey, W. 1982. Personal communication. Acres American Inc. Anchorage,
Alaska.
U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). 1977. Water resources data for Alaska water
year 1976. Report number USGS/WRD/H0-77/043. Anchorage, Alaska.
E-8-4
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
REFERENCES (Continued)
1978a. Surface water records of Cook Inlet Basin, Alaska, through
September 1975. Open fi 1 e report. Number 78-498. ll.nchorage, A 1 aska.
1978b. Water resources data for Alaska, water year 1977. Report
number USGS/WRO/HD-78/074. Anchorage, Alaska.
1979. Water resources data for Alaska, water year 1978. Report
number USGS/WRD/H0-80/007. Anchorage, Alaska.
1981. provisional discharge and water quality data to be published
in: Water Resources Data for Alaska, water year 1981. Anchorage,
Alaska.
Ward, J.V. and J.A. Stanford. 1979. The ecology of regulated streams.
Plenum Press. New York, New York.
E-8-5
9. .APPEND I X
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APPENDIX EA
Head Pin and Cross Section Elevations
-
-
-
"""' I
The following data consists of head pin and cross sectional elevations, measured
in feet, for five Susitna River sloughs (SA, 9, 168, 19 and 21) studied during
the 1981 field season (ADF&G 1981c). One table of head pin data exists for each
slough and one table of cross section elevation data exists for each transect in
each of the sloughs. There are different numbers of transects in each slough;
the break down was as follows: BA-7, 9-9, 168-17, 19-10, and 21-17. Two head
pins were established for each transect, one on each side of the stream channel.
The head pin tables include elevations for all head pins surveyed in each
slough. Left and right banks were determined looking upstream.
Headings for the head pin elevation tables are: Bench Mark, Elevation and True
Elevation. Bench Mark refers to the location (i.e. head pin, temporary bench
mark, or ground) where an elevation was determined. Elevation refers to the
height, in feet, of that particular location in reference to a temporary bench
mark established by the ADF&G prior to tying into R&M datum. True elevation
refers to the elevation of a location in reference to an R&M transect (feet
above mean sea level). Headings for the cross section tables are the same
except that Bench r~ark is replaced by Station. Station refers to the distance
from the head pin established as 0.0 feet.
The mainstem water surface elevations were determined at the head portions of
sloughs 8A, 9, 168 and 21 with the exception of transect 5 of Slough 8A where
the mainstem water surface elevation was not measured. At Slough 19, the
mainstem water surface elevation was determined at the mouth of the slough
because there is no head. The mainstem water surface elev~tions are listed in
the head pin elevation table for sloughs 168, 19 and 21. Water surface
elevations for sloughs SA and 9 are listed with the cross section elevations.
For the sake of brevity, abbreviations have been used in the tables. The
-abbreviations are as follows:
-
-
I
TBM
LBHP 1
RBHP
GB
LWS
RWS
LWE
RWE
R&M LRX 32
-temporary bench mark.
left bank head pin for transect number 1
right bank head pin
ground beside the head pin previously listed
left bank water surface
-right bank water surface
left bank waters edge
-right bank waters edge
lower river cross section (downstream of Devil
Canyon) number 32 established by R&M
consultants.
EA-1
-~
-
EA-2
-
-
Table EA-2. Cross section el~vJtiohs in transect 1 (first head) of
Slough 8A, surveyed October 10, 1981. Transect dewatered.
Station
0.0 LBHP 1
0.0 GB
7. 7 Bankfull
15.5
18.5
21.9
26.2
31.4
39.1
46.4
48.0 Mainstem RWS
50.2
52.6
54.9
57.4
59.0
65.0
67.1
68.8 Bankfull
78.0 GB
78.0 RBHP 1
Elevation
100.45
100.13
99.96
93.80
94.37
94.86
95.54
96.15
96.44
97.72
93.31
96.37
96.05
96.35
96.68
97.64
97.66
99.13
99.92
99.95
100.35
True Elevation
586.91
586.59
586.42
580.26
580.83
581.32
582.0b
582.61
582.90
584.18
579.77
582.83
582.51
582.81
583.14
584.10
584.12
585.59
586.38
586.41
586.81
Provisional mainstem Susitna River discharge recorded at Gold Creek on
October 10, 1981 was 9, 700 cfs (USGS 1981).
EA-3
Table EA-3. Cross section elevations in transect 2 (second head) of
Slough 8A, surveyed October 10, 1981. Transect was
dewatered.
Station Elevations True Elevation
0.0 LBHP 2 99.35 585.81
0.0 GB 98.96 585.42
11.3 99.31 585.77
21.1 98.69 585.15
26.6 Bankfull 98.61 585.07
37.2 97.85 584.31
48.5 97.34 583.80
57.4 97.14 583.60
70.8 97.45 583.91
77.8 96.74 583.20
88.3 97.30 583.76
95.2 97.57 584.03
103.4 94.41 583.87
116.8 97.85 584.31
125.5 97.77 584.23
131.3 97.31 583.77
137 0 9 97.03 583.49
150.9 97.19 583.65
166.3 97.31 583.77
170.5 97.04 583.05
137.8 97.45 583.91
194.1 97.04 583.50
199.9 96.74 583.20
207.0 97.11 583.57
233.2 97.11 583.57
247.6 97.05 583.51
257.6 96.83 583.29
269.4 97.16 583.62
264.3 96.86 583.32
300.0 Mainstem RWS 92.18 578.64
328.5 96.70 583.16
336.0 96.40 582.86
381.7 96.40 582.86
396.3 96.75 583.21
427.6 96.75 583.21
443.9 96.30 582.76
452.7 97.03 583.49
463.4 97.33 583.79
480.4 97.61 584.07
486.7 97.65 584.11
490.6 Bankfull 98.24 584.70
497.3 98.98 585.44
507.0 GB 99.77 586.23
507.0 RBHP 2 100.12 586.58
Provisional Susitna River mainstem discharge recorded at Gold Creek on
October 10, 1981 was 9,700 cfs (USGS 1981}.
EA-4
-
-
-
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~
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-
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Table EA-4. Cross section ei,~vations in transect 3 (third head) of
Slough 8A, surveyed October 10, 1981. Transect was
dewatered.
Station
0.0 LBHP 3
0.0 GB
11.8
21.5 Bankfull
24.6
26.4
34.5
45.0
48.3
52.4
56.4
61.7
70.6
81.2
86.0 Mainstem RWS*
91.4
99.7
107.6
111.6
116.0
119.1
121.5
123.4
125.8
129.0
131.2 BankfUll
138.2
147.1 GB
147.1 RBHP 3
Elevation
98.97
98.60
98.33
97.66
96.95
95.97
94.42
93.83
95.02
94.81
94.59
95.03
95.22
95.30
90.85
95.20
94.86
94.71
94.52
94.61
95.04
95.70
96.06
96.31
97.09
97.85
98.43
98 .. 69
99.02
True Elevation
585.43
585.06
584.79
584.12
583.41
582.43
580.88
580.29
581.48
581.27
581.05
581.49
581.68
581.76
577.31
581.66
581.32
581.17
580.98
581.07
581.50
582.16
582.52
582.77
583.55
584.31
584.89
585.15
585.48
Provisional mainstem Susitna River discharge recorded at Gold Creek on
October 10, 1981 was 9,700 cfs (USGS 1981).
* A right bank mainstem water surface elevation of 577.31 ft was
determined at 334° magnetic north at an unknown distance from transect
station 86.
EA-5
Table EA-5. Cross section elevations in transect 4 (fourth head) of
Slough 8A, surveyed October 10, 1981. Transect was
dewatered.
~
Station Elevation True Elevation ~
0.0 LBHP 4 96.97 583.43
0.0 GB 96.55 583.01
3.7 96.24 582.70
19.2 95.61 582.07
41.6 95.44 581.90
46.5 95.37 581.83
49.7 94.96 581.42
53.5 94.58 581.04
59.0 94.13 580.59
69.0 93.64 580.10 ,.,.,.
74.8 94.02 580.48
77.5 94.67 581.13
80.8 94.96 581.42 -116.7 94.93 581.39
145.9 95.09 581.55
146.0 Mainstem RWS 90.35 576.81
168.4 94.66 581.12
184.4 94.49 580.95
200.8 94.55 581.01
221.7 94.80 585.26 .....
228.8 95.11 581.57
233.2 95.31 581.77
236.0 95.68 582.14
237.4 96.38 582.84 ~
240.3 96.57 583.03
242.4 Bankfull 97.20 583.66
246.9 97.44 583.90 -255.0 98.22 584.68
259.9 GB 98.32 584.78
259.9 RBHP 4 98.73 585 .19 -
Provisional mainstem Susitna River discharge recorded at Gold Creek on
October 10, 1981 was 9,700 cfs (USGS 1981). ..,
-
-
EA-6
-Table EA-6. Cross section ef~vations in transect 5 (fifth head) of
Slough 8A, surveyed October 11, 1981. Transect was
dewatered.
""""
Station Elevation True Elevation
0.0 LBHP 5 96.62 583.08
0.0 GB 96.10 582.56
5.0 Bankfull 95.91 582.37
8.2 93.75 580.21
10.1 92.91 579.37
13.5 91.81 578.27
16.3 91.21 577.67
19.5 90.52 576.98
24.1 90.30 576.76
~ 28.8 91.07 577.53
31.1 90.40 576.86
34.8 90.04 577.50
39.3 89.60 576.06
45.7 88.53 574.99
47.3 88.82 575.28
50.4 88.51 574.97 -52.4 89.15 575.61
55.2 89.79 576.25
57.7 90.59 577.05
61.5 90.27 576.73
63.6 90.65 577.11
66.9 89.95 576.41
70.3 89.28 575.94
74.2 89.65 576.11
78.3 90.01 576.47
81.9 90.16 576.62
84.0 89.75 576.21
86.5 89.87 576.33
88.7 89.05 575.51
90.7 88.20 574.66
93.0 87.56 574.02
95.0 87.28 573.74
98.7 87.77 5.74. 23
:""' 100.9 88.71 575.17
102.3 89.10 575.56
104.2 89.45 575.91
106.1 89.31 575.77 -108.0 88.59 575.05
109.3 88.08 574.54
110.7 87.02 573.48
114.7 87.08 573.54
116.1 87.80 574.26
118.4 87.42 573.88
121.8 87.08 573.54
126.3 86.71 573.17
129.5 86.94 573.40
140.3 86.78 573.24
EA-7
Table EA-6. (Continued). -
-· Station Elevation True Elevation
147.8 87.15 573.61
153.3 87.13 573.59
,.,.,
156.0 87.49 573.95
164.0 87.68 574.14
170.6 88.12 574.58 -175.5 88.49 574.95
178.5 88.31 574.77
182.0 88.84 575.30 ·~ 185.5 88.28 574.75
187.3 88.20 574.66
188.7 88.63 575.09
194.9 88.66 575.12 ~
198.1 88.97 575.43
202.7 88.57 575.03
208.4 88.79 575.25
211.7 88.33 574.79
216.2 89.35 575.81
217.2 90.47 576.93
218.6 Bankfull 91.26 577.72 -
226.1 GB 91.76 578.22
226.1 RBHP 5 92.22 578.68
!""'!
Provisional mainstem Susitna River discharge recorded at Gold Creek on
October 11, 1981 was 8,820 cfs (USGS 1981). -
-
-
-
-
EA-8 -
-
-
-
Table EA-7o Cross section elevations in transect 6 (sixth head) of
Slough 8A, surveyed October 10, 1981o Transect was
dewateredo
Station
OoO LBHP 6
OoO GB
14 o 0 Bankfu 11
33o6
58o3
105 0 3
123o4
170o5
181.0 ~1a in stem RWS
194o5
222.5
240.3
257.3
269.1
278o4
286o9
291.2
294o3 Bankfull
298o4
304o0
309o0
314o1 GB
314o1 RBHP 6
Elevation
89o93
89o39
89o20
88028
87o61
87o36
86o98
87o01
82o56
86.57
86o93
87o31
86o84
86.73
87 0 77
88o63
88o93
90o11
90o69
91.34
91.91
91.81
92o31
True Elevation
576.39
575.85
575o66
574.74
574.07
573o82
573.44
573.47
569.02
573.03
573.39
573.77
573.30
573.19
574.23
575o09
575o39
576.57
447o15
577.80
578.37
578o27
578.77
Provisional mainstem Susitna River discharge recorded at Gold Creek on
October 10, 1891 was 9,700 cfs {USGS 1981)o
EA-9
Table EA-8. Cross section elevations in transect 7 (mouth) of Slough
8A, surveyed October 10, 1981. -
Station Elevation True Elevation
0.0 LBHP 7 80.10 566.56
0.0 GB 79.63 566.09
11.7 Bankfull 79.75 566.21
16.3 78.92 565.38
22.0 77.75 564.21
28.2 77.01 563.47
36.6 76.64 563.10
38.9 76.67 563.13
44.8 75.94 562.40
53.6 75.90 562.36
62.8 75.79 562.25 -100.5 LWE 74.61 561.07
100.5 LWS 74.65 561.11
112.4 74.30 560.76 ~
131.6 73.92 560.38
141.7 73.43 559.89
156.3 73.02 559.48
165.6 72.66 559.12 -
171.6 72.47 558.93
178.0 72.13 558.59
181.0 73.14 559.60 ~
183.1 RWE 74.58 561.04
183.1 RWS 74.67 561.13
185.8 76.26 562.72
190.6 Bankfull 82.01 568.47
194.1 GB 82.06 568.52
194.1 RBHP 7 82.54 569.00
IIBP,
Provisional mainstem Susitna River discharge recorded at Gold Creek on
October 10, 1981 was 9,700 cfs (USGS 1981).
~
-
I~
EA-10
-
-
-
-
-
Table EA-9. Head pin elevations in Slough 9, surveyed October 12-14,
1981.
Bench Mark Elevation True Elevation
TBM 100.00 608.33
LBHP 1 (Head) 100.16 608.49
GB 99.74 608.07
RBHP 1 (Head) 100.83 609.16
GB 100.31 608.64
LBHP 2 101.37 609.70
GB 100.96 609.29
RBHP 2 97.55 605.88
GB 97.15 605.48
LBHP 3 93.06 601.39
GB 92.51 600.84
RBHP 3 92.27 600.60
GB 91.76 600.09
LBHP 4* 91.84 600.17
GB 91.46 599.79
RBHP 4* 89.11 597.44
GB 88.71 597.14
LBHP 5 (Mouth) 89.37 597.70
GB 89.98 597.31
RBHP 5 (Mouth) 91.34 599.67
GB 90.78 599.11
R&~1 LRX 32 100.39 608.72
* Transect 4 was located on the R&M LRX 31.
EA-11
Table EA-10. Cross section elevation in transect 1 (Head) of Slough 9,
surveyed October 14, 1981. Transect was dewatered.
Station Elevation True Elevation
0.0 LBHP 1 100.15 608.48
0.0 GB 99.71 608.04
5.4 99.45 607.78
8.2 Bankfull 98.73 607.06
9.1 97.24 605.57
11.0 96.60 604.93
13.3 96.02 604.35
15.9 95.57 603.40
25.8 95.93 604.26
33.8 95.20 603.53
39.3 95.64 603.97
79.0 Mainstem R~/S 91.58 599.91
98.8 96.19 604.52
111.8 95.61 603.94
140.7 96.13 604.46
149.3 96.08 604.43
176.1 96.35 604.68
195.2 95.97 604.30
206.7 95.52 603.85
221.7 96.16 604.49
238.0 96.52 604.85
244.9 96.29 604.62
255.6 96.62 604.95
257.0 96.15 604.48
258.4 96.45 604.78
263.0 96.80 605.13
273.1 97.14 605.47
284.1 97.53 605.80
289.4 97.19 605.52
291.9 97.31 605.64
298.7 97.47 605.80
301.4 97.57 605.90
304.1 97.03 605.36
310.0 96.12 604.45
335.0 95.87 604.20
336.3 95.61 603.94
341.2 95.91 604.24
370.3 95.99 604.32
376.2 93.36 604.69
381.0 95.74 604.07
384.4 94.89 603.22
391.0 94.05 602.38
393.6 93.82 602.15
398.4 94.12 602.45
400.3 94.90 603.23
402.4 95.43 603.76
EA-12
~
~
-
~
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
.-
-
-
-
-
-'
Table EA-10. (Continued).
Station
404.2
410.8
413.0
414.5 Bankfull
418.3
423.0 GB
423.0 RBHP 1
Elevation
95.98
94.32
98.19
99.29
100.56
100.26
100.81
True Elevation
604.31
602.65
606.52
607.62
608.89
608.59
699.14
Provisional mainstem Susitna River discharge recorded at Gold Creek on
October 14, 1982 was 7,290 cfs (USGS 1981).
EA-13
Table EA-11. Cross section elevations in transect 2 of Slough 9,
surveyed October 14~ 1981. Transect was dewatered.
-
Station Elevation True Elevation
0.0 LBHP 2 101.37 609.70 -0.0 GB 100.93 609.26
8. 7 Bankfull 101.57 609.90
9.7 99.96 608.29 -12.0 98.96 607.29
16.1 96.59 604.92
19.8 94.82 603.15
23.2 93.94 602.27 ~'
25.0 93.81 602.14
26.5 93.37 601.70
33.0 93.62 601.95 ....
34.0 93.96 602.29
41.4 94.07 602.40
56.4 93.79 602.12
67.5 94.03 602.36
96.1 93.09 601.42
106.6 93.40 601.73
118.3 93.53 601.86 ~
133.4 93.32 601.65
141.7 93.39 601.72
147.3 93.85 602.18
154.1 93.87 602.20
161.8 93.28 601.61
174.1 93.33 601.66
186.3 93.77 602.10
195.3 93.93 602.26
200.9 93.72 602.05
206.1 93.91 602.24 -221.4 93.80 602.13
224.9 93.57 601.90
235.4 93.77 602.10
241.8 93.49 601.82
251.7 93.39 601.72
262.8 94.27 602.60
269.8 95.08 603.41
274.3 96.21 604.54
279.8 Bankfull 97.15 605.48
281.3 GB 97.13 605.46
281.3 RBHP 2 97.55 605.88
Provisional mainstem Susitna River discharge recorded at Gold Creek for
October 14, 1981 was 7,290 cfs (USGS 1981). ....
-
EA-14
-Table EA-12. Cross section ~Tevations in transect 3 of Slough 9,
surveyed October 14, 1981.
-
Station Elevation True Elevation
-0.0 LBHP 3 93.05 601.38
0.0 GB 92.49 600.82
3.1 Bankfull 92.35 600.66
11.2 91.40 599.73
22.8 91.38 599.71
28.2 90.95 599.28
37.6 90.87 599.20
47.0 90.02 598.35
49.6 89.61 597.94
52.0 89.95 598.28
56.0 89.69 598.02
65.4 89.93 598.26
69.7 90.13 598.46
75.4 89.47 597.80
81.5 88.64 596.97
89.4 88.50 596.83
100.6 88.27 596.60
113.5 87.48 595.81
124.6 87.04 595.37
138.5 86.58 594.91
163.3 86.58 594.91 -183.9 86.33 594.66
197.0 LWS 86.08 594.41
197.0 LWE 86.06 594.39
203.0 85.83 594.16
206.8 85.94 594.27
210.0 85.85 594.18
215.1 85.68 594.01
219.2 RWS 85.93 594.26
219.2 RWE 85.92 594.25
222.6 86.37 594.70 -227.3 86.21 594.54
238.7 86.95 595.28
242.0 88.98 597.31 -245.2 Bankfull 91.61 599.94
252.1 GB 91.75 600.08
252.1 RBHP 3 92.25 600.58
Provisional mainstem Susitna River discharge recorded for October 14, 1982
at Gold Creek was 7,290 cfs (USGS 1981).
~
EA-15
Tab 1 e EA-13. Cross section elevation in transect 4 of Slough 9, surveyed
October 14, 1981.
~
Station Elevation True Elevation
0.0 LBHP 4 91.84 600.17 -0.0 GB 91.44 599.77
3. 3 Bankfull 91.40 599.73
4.1 90.06 598.39 ~
11.5 87.95 596.68
12.8 85.61 593.94
22.0 84.73 593.06
26.0 LWS 84.21 592.54
26.0 LWE 84.21 592.54
31.0 84.06 592.39
33.6 84.15 592.48 -37.8 83.93 592.26
42.8 83.60 591.93
48.2 83.33 591.66
50.7 83.62 591.95
61.1 83.77 592.10
74.6 RWS 84.27 592.60
74.6 RWE 84.17 592.50 ....
83.9 84.37 592.70
98.1 84.59 592.92
105.7 84.34 592.67 .... 122.1 84.73 593.06
138.9 85.28 593.61
143.6 85.88 594.21
144.9 85.91 594.24 ~'
146.5 86.45 594.78
148.4 Bankfull* 87.36 595.69
159.0 87.40 595.73 ~
173.6 87.35 595.68
184.3 87.89 596.22
187.4 88.51 596.84
191.2 GB 88.73 597.06
191.2 RBHP 4 89.13 597.46
Provisional mainstem Susitna River discharge recorded at Gold Creek on
October 14, 1981 was 7,290 cfs (USGS 1981).
* Located in a flood plain.
""'
-
EA-16 -
....
-
Table EA-14. Cross section elevat~ons in transect 5 (Mouth) of Slough 9,
surveyed October 14, 1981.
Station
0.0 LBHP 5
0.0 GB
2 • 0 Bank fu 11
4.6
7.6
12.1
15.1
17.5
21.9
33.2
42.0
47.4
53.9
67.3
81.3
90.4
103.1
112.0
130.0
146.6
167.7
181.9
188.1
188.8 LWS
188.8 LWE
194.3
204.8
209.9
215.8 RWS
215.8 RWS
216.3
221.2
226.9
231.4 Bankfull
238.2 GB
238.2 RBHP 5
Elevation
89.37
88.96
88.89
87.96
87.31
86.47
85.65
85.00
85.34
85.74
85.31
84.99
85.39
84.21
83.28
83.06
83.14
82.89
83.02
83.21
83.00
82.78
82.70
82.41
82.34
81.94
81.99
82.31
82.39
82.33
82.42
82.98
85.37
90.65
90.74
91.34
True Elevation
597.70
597.29
597.22
596.29
595.64
594.80
593.98
593.33
593.67
594.07
593.64
593.32
593.72
592.54
591.71
591.39
591.47
591.22
591.35
591.54
591.33
591.11
591.03
590.74
590.67
590.27
590.32
590.64
590.72
590.66
590.75
591.31
593.70
598.98
599.07
599.67
Provisional mainstem Susitna River discharge recorded at Gold Creek on
October 14, 1981 was 7,290 cfs (USGS 1981).
EA-17
Table EA-15. Head pin elevations in Slough 168, surveyed September 9,
10, 16, and 17, 1981.
Bench Hark Elevation True Elevation
TBM 100.00 708.02
LBHP 1 (Mouth) 95.47 703.49
GB 94.96 702.98
RBHP 1 (Mouth) 93.30 701.32
GB 92.89 700.91
LBHP 2 95.96 703.98
GB 95.69 703.71
RBHP 2 95.28 703.30
GB 94.87 702.89
LBHP 3 96.24 704.26
GB 95.85 703.87
RBHP 3 96.22 704.24
GB 95.84 703.86
LBHP 4 96.25 704.27
GB 95.93 703.95
RBHP 4 96.58 704.60
GB 96.15 704.17
LBHP 5 96.31 704.33
GB 96.00 704.02
RBHP 5 96.54 704.56
GB 96.22 704.24
LBHP 6 96.60 704.62
GB 96.25 704.27
RBHP 6 95.89 703.91
GB 95.53 703.55
LBHP 7 96.97 704.99
GB 96.49 704.51
RBHP 7 96.57 704.59
GB 96.14 704.16
LBHP 8 96.76 704.78
GB 96.41 704.43
RBHP 8 97.37 705.39
GB 97.06 705.08
LBHP 9 97.52 705.54
GB 97.06 705.08
RBHP 9 96.86 704.88
GB 96.49 704.51
LBHP 10 96.71 704.73
GB 96.29 704.31
RBHP 10 97.52 705.54
GB 97.13 705.15
LBHP 11 98.54 706.56
GB 97.92 705.94
RBHP 11 97.24 705.26
GB 96.85 704.87
EA-18
-
...
~
'""1
IJH!!'
I
!
-
P""' I
.....
-
llf,;,jl!
-
....
Table EA-15. (Continued).
""'' Bench Mark Elevation True Elevation
LBHP 12 100.45 708.47
~,.. GB 100.01 708.30
RBHP 12 98.16 706.18
GB 97.75 705.77 ·-LBHP 13 100.04 708.06
GB 99.61 707.63
RBHP 13 98.85 706.87
GB 98.33 706.35
LBHP 14 99.09 707.11
GB 98.68 706.70
RBHP 14 98.58 706.60
r GB 98.23 706.25
' LBHP 15 103.20 711.22
GB 102.82 710.84
RBHP 15 98.79 706.81 -GB 98.42 706.44
LBHP 16 103.74 711.76
GB 103.19 711.21 -RBHP 16 98.89 706.91
GB 98.49 706.51
LBHP 17 (Head) 100.00 708.02
GB 99.61 707.63
RBHP 17 (Head) 100.65 708.67
GB 100.19 708.21
R&M LRX 49 125.38 733.40
Mainstem RWS*
on LRX 49 82.12 690.14
~lainstem LWS*
on LRX 49 93.82 701.84
* Left and right bank mainstem Sustina River water surface elevations on
R&M LRX 49 were surveyed on September 17, 1981.
EA-19
Table EA-16. Cross section elevations in transect 1 (Mouth) of Slough
16B, surveyed September 9, 1981.
-
Station Elevation True Elevation
0.0 LBHP 1 95.47 703.49 -0.0 GB 94.96 702.98
2.0 94.41 702.43
5.0 93.68 701.70 -7.0 92.79 700.81
10.0 92.53 700.55
12.0 92.28 700.30
16.0 91.72 699.74
19.0 91.30 699.32
22.0 91.02 699.04
25.0 90.80 698.82
30.0 90.56 698.58
35.0 90.36 698.38
40.0 90.02 698.04
45.0 89.78 697.80
50.0 89.64 697.66
56.0 LWS 89.22 697.24
56.0 LWE 89.42 697.44 ~~
59.0 89.27 697.29
62.0 89.03 697.05
64.0 88.89 696.91
66.0 88.86 696.88
68.0 88.73 696.75
70.0 88.70 696.72
72.0 88.60 696.62 ~
74.0 88.48 696.50
76.0 88.37 696.39
77.6 88.38 696.40 -78.5 88.63 696.65
79.8 RWS 89.21 697.23
79.8 RWE 89.13 697 .15
84.9 92.15 700.17 -95.3 92.89 700.91
95.3 GB 93.30 700.91
95.3 RBHP 1 93.30 701.32 ....
Provisional mainstem Susitna River discharge recorded at Gold Creek on
September 9, 1981 was 14,500 cfs (USGS 1981).
.....
~·
EA-20
-
Table EA-17. Cross section elevations in transect 2 of Slough 16B,
surveyed September 17, 1981.
Station
0.0 LBHP 2
0.0 GB
8.0 Bankfull
14.0
32.7
52.6 LWE
52.6 LWS
61.8
67.7
75.5
81.5 RWE
81.5 RWS
84.5 Bankfull
88.8 GB
88.8 RBHP 2
Elevation
95.96
95.69
94.47
93.29
91.01
89.19
89.22
88.69
87.95
88.46
89.02
89.22
94.62
94.87
95.28
True Elevation
703.98
703.71
702.49
701.31
699.03
697.21
697.24
696.71
695.97
696.48
697.04
697.24
702.64
702.89
703.30
Provisional mainstem Susitna River discharge recorded at Gold Creek on
September 17, 1981 was 11,300 cfs (USGS 1981).
EA-21
Table EA-18. Cross section elevations in transect 3 of Slough 16B,
surveyed September 16, 1981.
Station Elevation True Elevation
0.0 LBHP 3 96.24 704.26
0.0 GB 95.85 703.87
5.0 95.26 703.28
8.3 Bankfull 94.00 702.02
13.0 92.73 700.75
28.6 90.19 698.21
33.4 90.26 698.28
46.5 LWS 89.36 697.38
46.5 LWE 89.63 697.65
58.1 88.82 696.84
60.3 RWS 89.27 697.29
60.3 RWE 89.27 697.29
64.2 90.23 698.25
68.6 89.52 697.54
76.2
78.0 94.89 702.91
80.1GB 95.84 703.86
80.1 RBHP 3 96.22 704.24
Provisional mainstem Susitna River discharge recorded at Gold Creek in
September 16, 1981 was 11,300 cfs (USGS 1981).
---Data not collected.
EA-22
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-I
I
-
Table EA-19. Cross section elevations in transect 4 of Slough 168,
surveyed September 16, 1981.
Station
0.0 LBHP 4
0.0 GB
5.0
9.1 Bankfull
17.8
25.5 UJE
25.5 LWS
30.0
39.2
56.1
68.8 RWE
68.8 RWS
83.6
94.2
98.9
99.5 Bankfull
104.4 GB
104.4 RBHP 4
Elevation
96.25
95.93
95.48
94.69
92.72
90.04
90.03
89.48
89.89
89.89
89.92
89.90
90.38
92.45
94.12
95.85
96.15
96.58
True Elevation
704.27
703.95
703.50
702.71
700.74
698.06
698.05
697.50
697.91
697.91
697.94
697.92
698.40
700.47
702.14
703.87
704.17
704.60
Provisional mainstem Susitna River discharge recorded at Gold Creek on
September 16, 1981 was 11,300 cfs (USGS 1981).
EA-23
Table EA-20. Cross section elevations in transect 5 of Slough 16B,
surveyed September 16, 1981.
Station Elevation True Elevation
0.0 LBHP 5 96.31 704.33
0.0 GB 96.00 704.02
2.6 96.23 704.25
3.8 Bankfull 96.40 704.42
5.7 93.39 701.41
9.2 91.64 699.66
10.0 LWE 89.83 697.85
10.0 LWS 90.03 698.05
16.2 89.08 697.10
24.1 88.96 696.98
36.4 RWE 90.05 698.07
36.4 RWS 90.02 698.04
46.1 90.65 698.67
54.5 91.42 699.44
70.0 91.65 699.67
77.7 93.11 701.13
84.1 94.31 702.33
88.6 Bankfu 11 95.62 703.64
93.9 GB 96.22 704.24
93.9 RBHP 5 96.54 704.56
Provisional mainstem Susitna River discharge recorded at Gold Creek on
September 16, 1981 was 11,300 cfs (USGS 1981).
EA-24
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
....
'
-
Table EA-21. Cross section elevations in transect 6 of Slough 168,
surveyed September 16, 1981.
Station
0.0 LBHP 6
0.0 GB
1.4
2.9 Bankfull
4.5
8.1 LWS
8.1 LWE
16.2
23.0
29.8 RWS
29.8 RWE
41.5
61.6
70.8
77.7
81.8
86.7 Bankfull
90.4 GB
90.4 RBHP 6
Elevation
96.60
96.25
96.04
95.71
91.27
90.02
90.11
89.42
89.64
90.03
90.10
90.86
91.82
91.94
92.98
94.41
95.58
95.53
95.89
True Elevation
704.62
704.27
704.06
703.73
699.29
698.04
698.13
697.44
697.66
698.05
698.12
698.88
699.84
699.96
701.00
702.43
703.60
703.55
703.91
Provisional mainstem Susitna River discharge recorded at Gold Creek on
September 16, 1981 was 11,300 cfs (USGS 1981) .
EA-25
Table EA-22. Cross section elevations in transect 7 of Slough 168,
surveyed September 16, 1981.
Station Elevation True Elevation
0.0 LBHP 7 96.97 704.99
0.0 GB 96.49 704.51
3.0 96.27 704.29
4. 3 Bankfull 95.85 703.87
6.4 91.31 699.33
17.1 LWE 90.30 698.32
17.1 LWS 90.35 698.37
24.5 89.94 697.96
35.1 90.54 698.56
43.3 RWE 90.67 698.38
43.3 RWS 90.36 698.69
53.2 91.08 699.10
62.5 91.47 699.49
67.4 91.92 699.94
71.1 93.33 701.35
75.5 94.61 702.63
78.2 Bankfull 96.07 704.09
79.5 GB 96.14 704.16
79.5 RBHP 7 96.57 704.59
Provisional mainstem Susitna River discharge recorded at Gold Creek on
September 16, 1981 was 11,300 cfs {USGS 1981).
EA-26
-
-
.. )>
~
~
-
....
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1"""
-
-
-
Table EA-23. Cross section elevations in transect 8 of Slough 168,
surveyed September 16, 1981.
Station Elevations True Elevation
0.0 LBHP 8 96.76 704.78
0.0 GB 96.39 704.41
3.4 96.38 704.40
5.7 Bankfull 96.22 704.24
7.2 94.10 702.12
8.9 83.32 701.34
11.7 92.40 700.42
14.6 LWE 91.21 699.23
14.6 LWS 91.22 699.24
17.1 91.00 699.02
26.1 90.81 698.83
34.5 90.98 699.00
40.1 90.99 699.01
49.0 90.87 698.89
56.6 90.41 698.43
60.7 90.87 698.89
67.9 RWE 91.05 699.07
67.9 RWS 91.20 699.22
69.0 92.13 700.15
72.8 93.37 701.39
74.7 Bankfull 96.27 704.29
77.5 96.83 704.85
83.4 GB 97.06 705.08
83.4 RBHP 8 97.36 705.38
Provisional mainstem Susitna River discharge recorded at Gold Creek on
September 16, 1981 was 11,300 cfs (USGS 1981).
EA-27
Table EA-24. Cross section elevations in transect 9 of Slough 168, -surveyed September 16, 1981.
-
Station Elevation True Elevation
0.0 LBHP 9 97 .52. 705.54 ~·
0.0 GB 97.06 705.08
2.7 96.45 704.47
3.6 Bankfull 96.32 704.34 I'!!'W~
6.4 95.37 703.39
9.7 94.50 702.50
11.7 94.07 702.09
14.0 93.36 701.38 -16.6 92.43 700.45
19.6 91.65 699.67
26.1 91.31 699.33
27.2 LWE 91.18 699.20
27.2 LWS 91.22 699.24
31.7 91.05 699.07
40.2 90.96 698.98 -44.9 90.92 698.94
50.8 90.85 698.87
53.4 90.57 698.59 ~
58.6 90.50 698.52
60.0 90.29 698.31
63.9 90.34 698.36
68.0 90.55 698.57 -
69.6 R~/E 91.06 699.08
69.6 RWS 91.22 699.24
69.9 91.44 699.46 -71.4 92.28 700.30
72.6 Bankfull 95.42 703.44
74.3 96.52 704.54
"""" 76.6 96.79 704.81
79.0 GB 96.49 704.51
79.0 RBHP 9 96.86 704.88 -Provisional mainstem Susitna River discharge recorded at Gold Creek on
September 16, 1981 was 11,300 cfs (USGS 1981).
-
EA-28 -
-
-
-
~-
-~
-
Table EA-25. Cross section elevations in transect 10 of Slough 168,
surveyed September 16, 1981.
Station
0.0 LBHP 10
0.0 GB
1.6
2.0 Bankfull
4.0
5.6
7.3 LWE
7.3 LWS
11.0
16.1
22.9
25.6
26.9
30.7
33.8
37.1 RWE
37.1 RWS
44.7
50.0
55.1
60.3
61.9
64.5
67.0
69.1 Bankfull
70.5
72.0 GB
72.0 RBHP 10
Elevation
96.71
96.29
96.04
95.52
92.65
91.41
91.21
91.70
91.21
90.89
90.82
90.95
90.75
91.05
91.15
91.21
91.70
91.67
91.93
92.12
92.13
92.65
93.07
93.81
95.69
96.96
97.13
97.52
True Elevation
704.73
704.31
704.06
705.54
700.67
699.43
699.23
699.72
699.23
698.91
698.84
698.97
698.77
699.07
699.17
699.23
699.72
699.69
699.95
700.14
700.15
700.67
701.09
701.83
703.71
704.98
705.15
705.54
Provisional mainstem Susitna River discharge recorded at Gold Creek on
September 16, 1981 was 11,300 cfs (USGS 1981).
EA-29
~---------------
Table EA-26. Cross section elevations in transect 11 of Slough 168, -surveyed September 16, 1981.
-
Station Elevation True Elevation
0.0 LBHP 11 98.54 706.56 -0.0 GB 97.92 705.94
2.0 97.31 705.33
3.9 Bankfull 96.79 704.81 -4.3 93.86 701.88
7.8 92.53 700.55
11.4 92.13 700.15
15.0 LWE 91.66 699.68 ~
15.0 LWS 91.70 699.72
17.9 91.48 699.50
20.5 91.54 699.56 -. 26.6 91.30 699.32 '
30.7 91.47 699.49
33.5 RWE 91.63 699.65
33.5 RWS 91.70 699.72
39.9 92.04 700.06
46.1 92.37 700.39
51.0 92.61 700.63 -56.3 92.82 700.84
63.6 92.89 700.91
70.7 93.02 701.04
73.4 93.38 701.40 ....
75.4 94.34 702.36
77.3 95.07 703.09
79.9 95.54 703.56 -81.4 Bankfull 96.38 704.40
82.7 GB 96.85 704.87
82.7 RBHP 11 97.24 705.26 -
Provisional mainstem Susitna River discharge recorded at Gold Creek on
September 16, 1981 was 11,300 cfs (USGS 1981). -
-
EA-30
-Table EA-27. Cross section elevations in transect 12 of Slough 168,
surveyed September 16, 1981.
~
Station Elevation True Elevation -0.0 LBHP 12 100.45 708.47
0.0 GB 100.01 708.03
3.0 99.15 707.17 -6.0 Bankfull 97.81 705.83
7.0 95.64 703.66
9.5 94.64 702.66
15.8 93.19 701.21
I'-20.6 92.48 700.50
25.1 LWE 91.98 700.00
25.1 LWS 92.24 700.26
27.3 91.99 700.01
32.8 91.93 699.95
38.2 91.88 699.90
42.9 92.08 700.10 -47.5 92.11 700.13
51.1 91.98 700.00
54.2 RWE 92.19 700.21
I""', 54.2 RWS 92.23 700.25
57.1 92.39 700.41
59.8 92.73 700.75 -61.6 92.51 700.53
66.4 92.56 700.58
68.8 93.19 701.21
70.9 94.36 702.38
~ 71.2 Bankfull 96.73 704.75
76.0 GB 97.75 705.77
76.0 RBHP 12 98.16 706.18 -Provisional mainstem Susitna River discharge recorded at Gold Creek on
September 16, 1981 was 11,300 cfs (USGS 1981).
EA-31
Table EA-28. Cross section elevations in transect 13 of Slough 168, -Surveyed on September 10, 1981.
-
Station Elevation True Elevation
0.0 LBHP 13 100.04 708.06 -0.0 GB 99.61 707.63
2.0 Bankfull 99.19 707.21
3.5 97.70 705.72 -5.5 96.72 704.74
7.5 95.37 703.39
13.5 93.87 701.89
16.0 LWE 93.22 701.24 ~'
16.0 LWS
20.0 92.96 700.98
22.5 RWE
22.5 RWS 93.22 701.24
26.0 93.92 701.94
35.0 93.84 701.86
45.0 93.55 701.57 -55.0 93.39 701.41
61.0 LWE 92.80 700.82
61.0 LWS '""'1
65.0 92.61 700.63
68.0 92.56 700.58
71.0 92.65 700.67
74.5 92.63 700.65 -
76.0 92.70 700.72
79.0 92.72 700.74
83.0 92.78 700.80 """'l
84.8 R~~E 92.87 700.89
84.8 RWS
87.5 93.83 701.85 """ 89.0 98.04 706.06
91.0 Bankfull 98.57 706.59
92.3 GB 98.33 706.35
92.3 RBHP 13 98.85 706.87 -
Provisional mainstem Susitna River discharge recorded on September 10, 1981
at Gold Creek was 14,200 cfs (USGS 1981). -
---Data not collected.
-
-
EA-32 -
-
-
: -
-
....
.....
,_
-
-
-
-
-
Table EA-29. Cross section elevations in transect 14 of Slough 16B,
surveyed September 10, 1981
Station Elevation True Elevation
0.0 LBHP 14 99.09 707.11
0.0 GB 98.68 706.70
2.9 Bankfull 97.87 705.89
3.4 LWE 93.58 701.60
3.4 LWS 93.74 701.76
6.5 93.40 701.42
8.1 93.17 701.19
12.7 92.83 700.85
16.4 92.74 700.76
21.0 93.06 701.08
28.5 93.17 701.19
35.0 93.67 701.69
40.5 93.60 701.62
44.6 93.67 701.69
45.8 RWE 93.76 701.78
45.8 RWS 93.74 701.76
52.5 93.75 701.77
59.5 93.86 701.88
65.4 93.92 701.94
68.2 93.88 701.90
70.4 93.75 701.77
73.4 94.67 702.69
76.2 Bankfull 97.79 705.81
78.1 GB 98.23 706.25
78.1 RBHP 14 98.58 706.60
Provisional mainstem Susitna River discharge recorded at Gold Creek in
September 10, 1981 was 14,200 cfs (USGS 1981).
EA-33
Table EA-30. Cross section elevations in transect 15 of Slough 168, -Surveyed on September 10, 1981.
-
Station Elevation True Elevation
0.0 LBHP 15 103.20 711.22
0.0 GB 102.82 710.84
2.8 Bankfull 103.22 711.24
4.9 99.52 707.54
7.5 97.95 705.97
9.7 97.06 705.08
14.3 95.93 703.95
18.3 94.90 702.92
23.0 94.05 702.07
27.0 LWS 93.69 701.71
27.0 LWE 93.76 701.78
32.0 93.45 701.47
39.0 93.14 701.16
49.0 92.80 700.82
54.0 92.74 700.76
61.0 93.22 701.24
66.1 RWS 97.70 705.72
66.1 RWE 93.76 701.78 """' 67.4 94.32 702.34
70.2 Bankfull 98.09 706.11
73.9 GB 98.42 . 706.44
73.9 RBHP 15 98.79 706.81 -·
Provisional mainstem Susitna River discharge recorded at Gold Creek on
September 10, 1981 was 14,200 cfs (USGS 1981). ~
-
~'
EA-34 -
-
-
Tab 1 e EA-31. Cross section elevations in transect 16 of Slough 168,
surveyed September 10, 1981.
Station Elevation True Elevation
0.0 LBHP 16 103.74 711.76
0.0 GB 103.19 711.21
2.7 103.11 711.13
6.4 Bankfull 97.14 705. 16
15.4 95.89 703.91
21.3 94.38 702.40
26.6 94.30 702.32
30.5 LWS 94.11 702.13
30.5 LWS
36.7 93.94 701.96
49.9 93.67 701.69
53.0 93.72 701.74
68.3 R~IE 93.85 701.87
68.3 RWS 93.92 701.94
72.0 94.45 702.47
76.1 95.75 703.77
76.7 Bankfull 98.11 706.13
77.6 98.48 706.50
82.2 GB 98.49 706.51
82.2 RBHP 16 98.89 706.91
Provisional mainstem Susitna River discharge recorded at Gold Creek on
September 10, 1981 was 14,200 cfs (USGS 1981).
---Data not collected.
EA-35
Table EA-32. Cross section elevations in transect 17 (Head) of Slough
168 surveyed September 9, 1981. Transect was dewatered.
Station Elevation True Elevation
0.0 LBHP 17 100.00 708.02
0.0 GB 99.61 707.63
2.0 99.50 707.52
6.0 98.50 705.52
8.0 96.15 704.17
20.0 95.14 703.16
60.0 95.00 703.02
84.0 95.02 703.04
114.0 95.15 703.17
130.0 95.48 703.50
142.0 95.95 703.97
155.0 96.00 704.02
174.0 96.47 704.49
182.5 96.42 704.44
185.0 96.15 704.17
187.0 96.71 704.73
189.0 97.21 705.23
189.5 97.88 705.90
191.0 99.63 707.65
194.5 GB 100.18 708.20
194.5 RBHP 17 100.65 708.67
Provisional mainstem Susitna River discharge recorded at Gold Creek on
September 9, 1981 was 14,500 cfs (USGS 1981).
EA-36
-
-
-
-
-
-
Table EA-33. Head pin elevations in Slough 19, surveyed September 25,
1981.
,...,
Bench l\1ark Elevation True Elevation
TB~1 100.00 725.18
LBHP 1 (Nouth) 98.78 723.96
GB 98.42 723.60
RBHP 1 U1outh) 101.21 726.39
GB 99.75 724.93
LBHP 2 98.96 724.14
GB 98.54 723.72 -RBHP 2 100.19 725.37
GB 99.98 725.16
LBHP 3 99.66 724.84
P"' GB 99.25 724.43
RBHP 3 99.60 724.78
GB 99.20 724.38
LBHP 4 100.15 725.33
GB 99.77 724.95
RBHP 4 99.65 724.83
GB 99.36 724.54 -LBHP 5 99.41 724.59
GB 99.05 724.23
RBHP 5 100.26 . 725.44
GB 99.79 724.97
LBHP 6 99.81 724.99
GB 99.44 724.62
RBHP 6 100.47 725.65
~ GB 100. 14 725.32
LBHP 7 100.00 725.18
GB 99.50 724.68
RBHP 7 101.21 726.39 '-GB 100.82 726.00
LBHP 8 100.06 725.24
GB 99.82 725.00 -RBHP 8 99.79 724.97
' GB 99.35 724.53
LBHP 9 100.67 725.85
GB 100.23 725.41 fi""" RBHP 9 99.68 724.86
GB 99.21 724.39
LBHP 10 (Head) 100.14 725.32 ,.... GB 99.72 724.90
RBHP 10 (Head) 100.53 725.71
GB 100.05 725.23
R&~1 LRX 53 108.58 733.76 -r~a in stem RWS* 94.48 719.66
* The right bank mainstem Susitna River water surface elevation was -surveyed at a point adjacent to transect 1 on October 23, 1981.
EA-37
---------·--
Table EA-34. Cross section elevations in transect 1 (Mouth) of Slough
19~ surveyed September 26, 1981.
-
Station Elevation True Elevation
0.0 LBHP 1 98.78 723.96 -
0.0 GB 98.4-0 723.58
8.0 97.86 723.04
18.0 97.53 722.04
23.0 97.29 722.47
31.4 96.80 721.98
34.0 96.55 721.73
43.5 96.83 722.01 -
46.3 Bankfull 97.23 722.41
49.9 96.66 721.84
51.2 95.40 720.58 -53.4 94.95 720. 13
55.5 u~s 94.00 719.18
55.5 LWE 93.88 719.06 -56.0 93.74 718.92
56.5 93.68 718.86
57.1 93.61 718.79
57.5 93.73 718.91 -57.8 R~/S 93.92 719.18
57.8 RWE 94.63 719.10
59.1 94.63 791.81 -52.2 94.98 720.16
64.8 96.27 721.45
71.4 96.81 721.99
74.3 97.53 722.71
80.8 96.33 721.51
97.1 Bankfu11 97.04 722.22
101.5 98.97 724.15 -106.6 99.73 724.91
106.6 RBHP 1 100.20 725.38
Provisional mainstem Susitna River discharge recorded at Gold Creek on -
September 26, 1981 was 9,560 cfs (USGS 1981).
-
-
....
EA-38
1""'
-
-
-
I""'
Table EA-35. Cross section elevations in transect 2 of Slough 19,
surveyed September 26, 1981.
Station Elevation True Elevation
0.0 LBHP 2 98.95 724.13
0.0 GB 98.53 723.71
2.0 Bankfull 98.61 723.79
4.1 96.98 722.16
9.2 96.24 721.42
16.5 95.26 720.44
23.6 94.37 719.55
34.0 LWS 94.05 719.23
34.0 LWE 93.90 719.08
36.0 93.72 718.90
38.0 93.89 719.07
40.7 93.68 718.86
42.6 93.59 718.77
48.2 93.75 718.93
65.4 R~JS 94.06 719.24
65.4 RHE 93.80 718.98
62.6 94.61 719.79
71.5 94.50 719.68
78.9 95.18 720.36
87.0 96.42 721.60
99.7 96.70 721.88
102.9 98.11 723.29
111.5 98.66 723.84
113.1 Bankfull 99.88 725.06
115.3 GB 100.19 725.37
115.3 RBHP 2 100.01 725.19
Provisional mainstem Susitna River discharge recorded at Gold Creek on
September 26, 1981 was 9,560 cfs (USGS 1981).
EA-39
Table EA-36. Cross section elevations in transect 3 of Slough 19, ~
surveyed September 26, 1981.
~
Station Elevation True Elevation
0.0 LBHP 3 99.66 724.84 ~
0.0 GB 99.25 724.43
2.8 Bankfull 98.68 723.86
5.1 97.60 722.78 -7.4 97.24 722.42
9.1 95.99 721.17
20.4 94.92 720.10
27.5 u~s 94.08 719.26 -
27.5 LWE 93.88 719.06
32.0 93.55 718.73
35.0 93.40 718.58 ~
51.8 93.93 719.11
56.6 93.53 718.71
61.7 RWS 94.08 719.26
61.7 RWE 93.97 719.15
74.4 95.02 720.20
92.9 96.76 721.94
95.5 97.87 723.05
102.4 Bankfull 98.94 724.12
104.6 GB 99.20 724.38
104.6 RBHP 3 99.60 724.78 ....
Provisional mainstem Susitna River discharge recorded at Gold Creek on
September 26, 1981 was 9,560 cfs (USGS 1981). ·-
-
EA-40 -
,_
-
-
Table EA-37. Cross section elevations in transect 4 of Slough 19,
surveyed September 26, 1981.
Station Elevation True Elevation
0.0 LBHP 4 100.16 725.34
0.0 GB 99.79 724.97
2.3 Bankfull 99.21 724.39
9.6 97.77 722.95
11.0 97.69 722.87
16.4 95.56 720.74
21.0 94.62 719.80
23.2 L\>JS 94.34 719.52
23.2 LWE 94.20 719.38
27.6 93.79 718.97
31.2 93.63 718.81
37.8 93.81 718.99
41.9 RWS 94.35 719.53
41.9 RWE 94.26 719.44
47.5 94.84 720.02
52.6 96.71 721.89
54.7 Bankfull 98.83 724.01
57.2GB 99.38 724.56
57.2 RBHP 4 99.66 724.84
Provisional mainstem Susitna River discharge recorded at Gold Creek on
September 26, 1981 was 9,560 cfs (USGS 1981).
EA-41
Table EA-38. Cross section elevations in transect 5 of Slough 19,
surveyed September 26, 1981
Station Elevation True Elevation
0.0 LBHP 5 99.41 724.59
0.0 GB 99.09 724.27
2.2 Bankfull 98.95 724.13
3.0 97.50 722.68
7.5 96.62 721.80
10.1 95.73 720.91
10.6 95.15 720.33
11.6 LWS 94.97 720.15
11.6 U~E 94.91 720.09
13.9 94.60 719.78
15.2 94.46 719.64
18.1 94.43 719.61
19.2 94.79 719.97
22.2 RWS 94.98 720.16
22.2 R1~E 94.87 720.05
27.4 Dewatered 95.17 720.35
31.0 Dewatered 95.67 720.85
31.8 DevJatered 96.38 721.56
33.7 Dewatered 96.35 721.53
34.9 Dewatered 95.59 720.77
35.3 LWS 94.97 720.15
35.5 LWE 94.83 710.01
38.2 94.40 719.58
41.5 RWS 94.98 720.16
41.5 RWE 94.86 720.04
43.7 96.56 721.74
53.0 97.33 722.51
65.0 98.29 723.47
70.3 GB
70.3 RBHP 5 100.25 725.43
Provisional mainstem Susitna River discharge recorded at Gold Creek on
September 26, 1981 was 9,560 cfs (USGS 1981).
---Data not collected.
EA-42
-
~
~
-
-
-
~
~
-~
-
-
-
Table EA-39. Cross section e1evations in transect 6 of Slough 19,
surveyed September 26, 1981.
-
Station Elevation True Elevation
0.0 LBHP 6 99.81 724.99
0.0 GB 99.47 724.65
4.4 Bankfull 98.67 723.85 .-7.9 97.50 722.68
11.2 96.75 721.93
16.0 96.52 721.70
17.9 96.11 721.29
18.5 LWS 95.68 720.86
18.5 LWE 95.57 720.75
20.7 95.42 720.60
22.6 95.14 720.32
24.9 95.22 720.40
27.8 RWS 95.62 720.80
27.8 RWE
\~ 30.5 96.61 721.79
31.7 Bankfull 98.99 724.17
40.4 GB 100. 18 725.36 -40.4 RBHP 6 100.47 725.65
Provisional mainstem Susitna River discharge recorded at Gold Creek on -September 26, 1981 was 9,560 cfs (USGS 1981).
---Data not collected
EA-43 .....
Table EA-40. Cross section elevations in transect 7 of Slough 19,
surveyed September 26, 1981.
Station Elevation True Elevation
0.0 LBHP 7 100.00 725.18
0.0 GB 99.59 724.77
1. 9 Bankfull 99.07 724.25
6.8 97.67 722.85
10.4 96.44 721.62
17.8 LWS 96.07 721.25
17.8 U~E 95.97 721.15
21.2 Oewatered 96.13 721.31
19.3 Oewatered 96.10 721.28
26.3 Dewatered 95.95 721.13
28.6 RWS 96.12 721.30
28.6 RWE 95.98 721.16
30.3 96.59 721.77
31.4 98.23 723.41
33.4 Bankfull 100.28 725.46
36.0 GB 100.86 726.04
36.0 RBHP 7 101.21 726.39
Provisional mainstem Susitna River discharge recorded at Gold Creek on
September 26, 1981 was 9,560 cfs (USGS 1981).
EA-44
....
-
~.
-
-
-
·-
-
-
""""'
-
-
Tab 1 e EA-41. Cross section elevations in transect 8 of Slough 19,
surveyed September 26, 1981. Cross section was dewatered.
Station Elevation True Elevation
0.0 LBHP 8 100.06 725.24
0.0 GB 99.83 725.01
2.2 Bankfull 99.68 724.86
5.4 98.62 723.80
8.7 97.62 722.80
13.3 97.27 722.45
17.7 97.58 722.76
20.1 97.40 722.58
22.2 96.94 722.12
23.8 96.83 722.01
25.7 98.18 723.36
30.0 Bankfull 99.34 724.52
35.2 GB 99.36 724.54
35.2 RBHP 8 99.79 724.97
Provisional mainstem Susitna River discharge recorded at Gold Creek on
September 26, 1981 was 9,560 cfs (USGS 1981).
EA-45
Table EA-42. Cross section elevations in transect 9 of Slough 19,
surveyed September 26, 1981.
Station
0.0 LBHP 9
0.0 GB
2.4 Bankfull
2.8
5.2
5.7
9.1
10.1 LWS
10.1 LWE
13.5
15.6 R~!S
15.6 R~JE
18.7
22.0
23.7 Bankfull
26.6 GB
26.6 RBHP 9
Elevation
100.67
100.24
100.10
98.85
98.37
97.74
97.14
96.86
96.74
96.70
96.82
96.76
96.92
97.40
98.92
99.21
99.68
True Elevation
725.85
725.42
725.28
724.03
723.55
722.92
722.32
722.04
721.92
721.88
722.00
721.94
722.10
722.58
724.10
724.39
724.86
Provisional mainstem Susitna River discharge recorded at Gold Creek on
September 26, 1981 was 9,560 cfs (USGS 1981).
EA-46
~-
-
~I
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Table EA-43. Cross section elevations in transet 10 (Head) of Slough 19,
surveyed September 26, 1981.
Station
0.0 LHBP 10
0.0 GB
3.4 Bankfull
4.5
5.7 LWS
5. 7 L\~E
9. 6 R~~s
9. 6 RWE
16.5
12.2
13.5 Bankfull
16.1 GB
16.1 RBHP 10
Elevation
100.14
99.76
98.64
97.12
96.80
96.78
96.80
96.77
97.15
98.42
98.64
99.98
100.54 .
True Elevation
725.32
725.94
723.82
722.30
721.98
721.96
748.98
721.95
722.33
723.60
723.82
725.16
725.72
Provisional mainstem Susitna River discharge recorded at Gold Creek on
September 26, 1981 was 9,560 cfs (USGS 1981).
EA-47
Table EA-44. Head pin elevations in Slough 21 surveyed August 24-27, -
1981.
-
Bench ~1ark Elevation True Elevation
LBHP 1 (Head) 100.12 759.42 -
GB 99.49 758.79
RBHP 1 (Head) 97.33 756.63
GB 96.71 756.01 -LBHP 2 96.61 755.91
GB 96.20 755.50
RBHP 2 97.02 756.32 -GB 96.41 755.71
LBHP 1-A 98.00 757.30
GB 97.54 756.84
RBHP 1-A 101.17 760.47 -GB 100.64 759.94
LBHP 1-B 100.85 760.15
GB 100.30 759.60
RBHP 1-B 99.73 759.03
GB 99.34 758.64
LBHP 3 96.71 756.01
GB 96.25 755.55
RBHP 3 96.64 755.94
GB 96.09 755.39
LBHP 4 93.94 753.24 ~.
GB 93.49 752.79
RBHP 4 95.44 754.74
GB 94.87 754.17
LBHP 5 93.20 752.50
GB 92.92 752.22
RBHP 5 92.58 751.88
GB 92.15 751.45
HP 5-A 93.67 752.97
GB 93.12 752.42
LBHP 6 92.90 752.20
GB 92.42 751.72 """'
RBHP 6 92.56 751.86
GB 92.13 751.43
LBHP 7 93.47 752.77 ~
GB 93.04 752.34
RBHP 7 93.36 752.66
GB 92.77 752.07
LBHP 8 93.00 752.30 -
GB 92.57 751.87
RBHP 8 91.44 750.74
GB 90.92 750.22
LBHP 9 93.03 752.33
GB 92.62 751.92
RBHP 9 92.35 751.65
GB 91.93 751.23 """'
J!l"l";
EA-48 !!""\
Table EA-44. (Continued)
Bench Mark Elevation True Elevation
LBHP 10 93.23 752.53
""" GB 92.73 752.03
RBHP 10 92.27 751.57
GB 91.94 751.24
LBHP 11 91.68 750.98
GB 91.23 750.53
RBHP 11 92.08 751.38
GB 91.56 750.86
LBHP 12 91.94 751.24
GB 91.59 750.89
RBHP 12 92.30 751.60
GB 91.83 751.13
LBHP 13 (r1outh) 91.14 750.44
GB 90.77 750.07·
RBHP 13 ( t·1outh) 92.08 751.38
GB 91.67 750.97
r1ainstem R\~S* 92.92 752.23
Mainstem RWS** 92.12 751.42 -R&r1 LRX 56 100.00 759.30
* The mainstem water surface elevation was surveyed on September 27, 1981,
227 ft from the left bank head pin 13 at 282° from magnetic north.
r""!
** The mainstem water surface elevation was surveyed on October 23, 1981,
75 ft from the left bank head pin 13 at 290° from magnetic north.
EA-49
Table EA-45. Cross section elevations in transect 1 (Head) of Slough
21, surveyed September 5, 1981. Transect was dewatered.
Station Elevation True Elevation
0.0 LBHP 1 100.12 759.42
0.0 GB 99.52 758.82
22.0 98.88 758.18
34.0 92.22 756.52
40.0 96.56 755.86
50.0 95.02 754.32
61.5 94.51 753.81
69.0 95.23 754.53
75.5 95.00 754.30
79.0 94.42 753.72
81.9 94.75 754.05
96.0 94.71 754.01
105.0 95.73 755.03
123.0 96.40 755.70
135.6 96.55 755.85
139.3 95.94 755.24
155.8 96.68 755.98
159.1 GB 96.76 756.06
159.1 RBHP 1 97.37 756.67
Provisional mainstem discharge Susitna River recorded at Gold Creek on
September 5, 1981 was 16,000 cfs (USGS 1981).
EA-50
-
'~
"""
flli9lif1
~
....
....
""""
-
-
-
-
....
-
-
-
Table EA-46. Cross section elevations in transect 1-A (Head) of Slough
21, surveyed September 5, 1981. · Transect was dewatered.
Station Elevation True Elevation
0.0 LBHP 1-A 98.00 757.30 ~
0.0 GB 97.58 756.88
5.0 97.49 756.79
12.0 97.12 756.42
20.5 96.67 755.97
26.6 96.51 755.81
29.5 96.05 755.35
34.5 97.50 756.80
39.0 98.60 757.90
50.0 99.60 758.90
57.6GB 100.64 759.94
57.6 RBHP 1-A 101.17 760.47
Provisional mainstem Susitna River discharge recorded at Gold Creek on
September 5, 1981 was 16,000 cfs (USGS 1981).
EA-51
Table EA-47. Cross section elevation in transect 1-B of Slough 21,
surveyed September 5, 1981. Transect was dewatered.
Station
0.0 LBHP 1-B
0.0 GB
1.5
6.0
16.5
19.4
22.0
24.0
33.0
38.0
40.5
43.0
46.5
48.5
52.5
57.5
66.1
70.2
78.3 GB
78.3 RBHP 1-B
Elevation
100.85
100.26
99.07
98.09
97.69
98.00
97.28
97.76
97.19
97.53
97.22
97.55
96.76
97.14
96.69
96.20
96.37
98.24
99.36
99.74
True Elevation
760.15
759.59
758.37
757.39
756.99
757.30
756.58
757.06
756.49
756.83
756.52
756.85
756.06
756.44
755.99
755.50
755.67
757.54
758.66
759.04
Provisional mainstem Susitna River discharge recorded at Gold Creek on
September 5, 1981 was 16,000 cfs (USGS 1981).
EA-52
-
-
~
!
-
-
-
-·
-
~
-
-
Table EA-48. Cross section elevations in transect 2 of Slough 21.
surveyed Septembers. 1981. Transect was dewaterd.
Station Elevation True Elevation
0.0 LBHP 2 96.66 755.96
0.0 GB 96.25 755.55
3.0 96.04 755.34
13.0 95.15 754.45
16.0 94.30 753.60
17.3 93.59 752.89
21.0 92.95 752.25
44.0 92.82 752.12
59.5 93.09 752.39
78.5 93.77 753.07
95.2 94.55 753.85
103.0 95.42 754.72
109.7 GB 95.47 754.77
109.7 RBHP 2 96.08 755.38
Provisional mainstem Susitna River discharae recorded at Gold Creek on
September 5, 1981 was 16.000 cfs (USGS 198l).
EA-53
Table EA-49. Cross section elevations in transect 2-A of Slough 21,
surveyed September 5, 1981.
Station Elevation True Elevation
0. 0 LBHP 2 -A 97.00 756.30
0.0 GB 96.41 755.71
1.0 96.47 755.77
5.0 95.84 755.14
7.0 95.34 754.64
12.0 96.13 755.43
17.0 95.89 755.19
21.0 94.47 753.77
23.0 LWS
23.0 LWE 93.63 752.93
25.5 93.29 752.59
28.5 93.08 752.39
32.9 RWS
32.9 RWE 93.54 752.84
41.0 93.69 752.99
43.8 94.35 753.65
46.0 95.12 754.42
54.0 96.57 755.87
63.7 97.53 756.83
63.7 RBHP 2-A 98.04 757.34
Provisional mainstem Susitna River discharge recorded at Gold Creek on
September 5, 1981 was 16,000 cfs (USGS 1981).
---Data not collected
EA-54
-
....
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-'
-I
-
, ....
~
-
-
-
Table EA-50. Cross section elevations in transect 3 of Slough 21,
surveyed September 5, 1981
Station Elevation True Elevation
0.0 LBHP 3 96.71 756.01
0.0 GB 96.26 755.56
5.5 95.54 754.84
12.0 94.50 753.80
29.0 93.64 752.94
36.0 93.92 753.22
46.0 93.32 752.62
51.0 92.92 752.22
56.7 92.49 751.79
68.5 91.49 750.79
80.0 LWS
80.0 LHE 90.82 750.12
83.0 90.48 749.78
91.2 89.66 748.96
95.1 89.09 748.39
100.5 88.99 748.29
107.2 RWS
107.2 R~.JE 90.82 750.12
110.0 91.99 751.29
113.5 95.85 755.15
115.5 GB 96.07 755.37
115.5 RBHP 3 96.65 755.95
Provisional mainstem Susitna River discharge recorded at Gold Creek on
September 5, 1981 was 16,000 cfs {USGS 1981).
---Data not collected
EA-55
Tab 1 e EA-51. Cross section e1evations in transect 4 of Slough 21,
surveyed September 5, 1981.
Station Elevation True Elevation
0.0 LBHP 4 93.94 753.24
0.0 GB 93.49 752.79
3.0 93.54 752.84
9.0 93.08 752.38
12.2 92.23 751.53
16.0 91.54 750.84
25.0 On top of rocks 91.78 751.08
25.0 On the substrate 90.92 750.22
29.8 LWS
29.8 LWE 90.65 749.95
34.5 90.40 749.70
40.6 Dry 90.70 750.00
46.0 90.64 749.94
48.8 90.37 749.67
51.0 90.47 749.77
53.3 RWS
53.3 RWE 90.73 750.03
62.0 91.18 750.48
73.5 91.66 750.96
84.0 93.08 752.38
95.6 94.66 753.96
96.7 GB 94.84 754 .14
96.7 RBHP 4 95.44 754.74
Provisional mainstem Susitna River discharge recorded at Gold Creek on
September 5, 1981 was 16,000 cfs (USGS 1981).
---Data not collected.
EA-56
-
-
...,
-
!"""
-
"""!
~
-
-
-
-
-
·-
-
-
f""'
.....
-
Table EA-52. Cross section elevations in transect 5 of Slough 21,
surveyed August 25, 1981.
Station Elevation True Elevation
0.0 LBHP 5 93.20 752.50
0.0 GB 92.92 752.22
4.0 92.61 751.91
5.0 91.77 751.07
7.5 90.51 749.81
10.0 89.77 749.07
13.3 u~s
13.3 LWE 89.04 748.34
19.0 88.54 747.84
21.9 88.45 747.75
26.3 88.77 748.07
29.4 88.91 748.21
31.0 Dry 89.06 748.36
36.0 88.81 748.11
38.0 88.70 748.00
42.0 88.90 748.20
45.6 88.84 748.14
51.4 RWS
51.4 RHE 88.97 748.27
56.0 89.94 749.24
61.0 90.88 750.18
66.7 91.47 750.77
68.7 97.77 757.07
70.7 91.36 750.66
75.0 91.47 750.77
78.2 GB 92.13 751.43
78.2 RBHP 5 92.57 751.87
Provisional mainstem Susitna River discharge recorded at Gold Creek on
August 25, 1981 was 28,600 cfs (USGS 1981).
---Data not collected.
EA-57
Tab 1 e EJ\-53. Cross section elevations in transect 5-A of Slough 21,
surveyed August 25, 1981.
Station
0.0 LBHP 5-A
0.0 GB
3.0
6.0
8.0
14.4
19.0
23.5
27.0
32.4 LWS
32.4 LWE
36.0
39.0
41.2
43.9 R~JS
43.9 RWE
45.4
47.0
49.5
51.8 GB
51.8 RBHP 5-A
Elevation
92.58
92.14
91.94
91.54
90.98
91.09
90.34
90.45
89.04
88.32
87.12
86.85
87.29
88.33
90.93
91.77
92.81
93.16
93.68
True Elevation
751.88
751.44
751.24
750.84
750.28
750.39
749.64
749.75
748.34
747.62
746.42
7 46.15 .
746.59
747.63
750.23
751.07
752.11
752.46
752.98
Provisional mainstem Susitna River discharge recorded at Gold Creek on
August 25, 1981 was 28,600 cfs (USGS 1981).
---Data not collected.
EA-58
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
r
-
-
-
Table EA-54. Cross section elevations in transect 6 of Slough 21,
surveyed August 25~ 1981.
Station
0.0 LBHP 6
0.0 GB
7.0
12.0
20.0
29.0
36.0
46.0
56.0
64.0
69.0 LWS
69.0 U~E
73.0
76.0
79.0
83.0 lg. pile of rocks
86.0
90.0
92.3 R\tiS
92.3 RWE
95.5
98.0
99.0
100.2 GB
100.2 RBHP 6
Elevation
92.90
92.10
92.03
91.69
90.73
89.95
89.18
89.34
89.18
88.44
88.18
87.84
87.88
87.78
87.76
87.83
87.92
88.13
87.84
90.19
91.18
91.92
92.18
92.55
True Elevations
752.20
751.40
751.33
750.99
750.03
749.25
748.48
748.64
748.48
747.74
747.48
747.14
747.18
747.08
747.06
747.13
747.22
747.43
747.14
749.49
750.48
751.22
751.48
751.85
Provisional mainstem Susitna River discharge recorded at Gold Creek on
August 25, 1981 was 28,600 cfs (USGS 1981).
---Data not collected.
EA-59
Table EA-55. Cross section elevations in transect 7 of Slough 21, ...
surveyed August 25, 1981.
-
Station Elevation True Elevation
0.0 LBHP 7 93.47 752.77
0.0 GB 93.04 752.34
5.0 92.54 751.84
8.0 91.39 750.69 ~
14.0 88.48 747.78
16.0 88.37 747.67
17.5 88.49 747.79
22.2 90.05 749.35
27.0 90.83 750.13
35.0 91.11 750.41
54.5 90.45 749.75 ~
62.0 90.44 749.74
75.0 89.65 748.95
89.6 LWS -89.6 LWE 87.77 747.07
94.0 87.17 746.47
98.5 87.02 746.32
103.0 87.02 746.32 -104.0 87.13 746.43
105.0 87.11 746.41
107.0 87.23 746.53
109.5 87.09 746.39
114.3 RWS
114.3 R\~E 87.73 747.03
119.0 89.35 748.65 -119.7 91.98 751.28
124.5 95.52 754.82
126.1 GB 92.78 752.08
126.1 RBHP 7 93.37 752.67
Provisional mainstem Susitna River discharge recorded at Gold Creek on
August 25, 1981 was 28,600 cfs (USGS 1981).
---Data not collected. -
-
E.ll.-60 """
-
-
-
-
-
Table EA-56. Cross section e1evations in transect 8 of Slough 21,
surveyed August 25, 1981.
Station Elevation True Elevation
0.0 LBHP 8 93.00 752.30
0.0 GB 92.57 751.87
5.5 91.66 750.96
7.0 90.21 749.51
12.5 88.42 747.72
26.0 87.77 747.07
30.0* 87.19 746.49
39.3 LWS
39.3 LWE 86.86 746.16
43.0 86.60 745.90
49.0 86.23 745.53
55.0 86.44 745.74
59.5 86.45 745.75
66.5 86.39 745.69
72.5 86.28 745.58
79.4 Rl.~S
79.4 RWE 86.86 746.16
81.5 87.35 746.65
83.0 90.38 749.68
86.4 GB 90.92 750.22
86.4 RBHP 8 91.45 750.75
Provisional mainstem Susitna River discharge recorded at Gold Creek on
August 25, 1981 was 28,600 cfs (USGS 1981).
* Intragravel water was observed at this location.
---Data not collected.
EA-61
Table EA-57. Cross section elevations in transect 9 of Slough 21,
surveyed August 25, 1981. • -
Station Elevation True Elevation
0.0 LBHP "9 93.03 752.33 )'!'!!!
0.0 GB 92.60 751.90
5.0 91.96 751.26
7.0 89.72 749.02 ~
11.0 89.67 748.97
17.0 89.40 748.70
28.0 86.59 745.89
40.1 LWS
40.1 LWE 86.07 745.37
47.0 85.91 745.21
56.0 85.78 745.08
65.0 Dry 86.07 745.37
72.5 Dry 85.99 745.29
78.0 85.65 744.95 ~ 84.0 85.51 744.81
87.0 85.64 744.94
89.0 85.66 744.96
92.6 RWS ....
92.6 R\~E 85.91 745.21
95.1 85.99 745.29
98.0 87.74 747.04
"""" 102.5 91.92 751.22
105.4 GB 91.93 751.23
105.4 RBHP 9 92.36 751.66
~
Provisional mainstem Susitna River discharge recorded at Gold Creek on
August 25, 1981 was 28,600 cfs (USGS 1981). ----Data not collected.
-
-
-
-
EA-62
Table EA-58. Cross section elevations in transect 10 of Slough 21,
surveyed August 25, 1981.
-
Station Elevation True Elevation
0.0 LBHP 10 93.23 752.53
0.0 GB 92.72 752.02
6.0 90.36 749.66
11.0 88.66 747.96
15.0 88.45 747.75
20.0 86.54 745.84
22.6 LWS
( Sma 11 Channe 1 )
22.6 U~E 86.38 745.68
{Small Channe 1 )
25.7 RWS
{Small Channe 1 )
25.7 RWE 86.37 745.67
{Small Channel)
35.0 86.64 745.94
60.0 86.40 745.70
82.4 LWS
82.4 LWE 85.58 744.88
95.0 85.06 744.36
97.0 84.81 744.11
98.0 85.09 744.39
99.4 84.88 744.18
105.8 RWS
105.8 R~IE 85.60 744.90
109.0 86.34 745.64
113.5 91.81 751.11
116.1 GB 91.94 751.24
116.1 RBHP 10 92.28 751.58
Provisional mainstem Susitna River discharge recorded at Gold Creek on
August 25, 1981 was 28,600 cfs {USGS 1981).
---Data not collected
-
-
EA-63
Table EA-59. Cross section elevations in transect 11 of Slough 21,
surveyed August 25, 1981.
Station Elevation True Elevation
· 0. 0 LBHP 11 91.68 750.98
0.0 GB 91.25 750.55
3.0 90.99 750.29
4.0 89.74 749.04
5.5 89.28 748.58
7.5 89.55 748.85
15.0 88.26 747.56
17.5 87.19 746.49
19.1 LWS
19. 1 UlE 85.89 745.19
21.0 85.76 745.06
24.5 RWS
24.5 RWE 85.88 745.18
28.4 85.95 745.25
32.0 87.82 747.12
36.0 88.59 747.89
38.9 88.38 747.68
40.6 85.69 744.99
42.5 LWS
42.5 LWE 85.58 744.88
Staff gage 87.75 747.05
43.5 84.55 743.85
47.0 84.79 744.09
51.0 86.02 745.32
53.0 85.26 744.56
64.0 85.23 744.53
73.0 85.13 744.45
79.0 85.25 744.55
93.0 85.59 744.89
100.0 85.47 744.77
104.3 R~~s
104.3 RWE 85.55 744.85
108.0 90.18 749.48
111.0 91.41 750.71
112.2 GB 91.64 750.94
112.2 RBHP 11 92.08 751.38
Provisional mainstem Susitna River discharge recorded at Gold Creek on
August 25, 1981 was 28,600 cfs (USGS 1981).
---Data not collected.
EA-64
"""
-
""'"'
-
-
-
....
-
-
....
F"
-
-
r
Table EJl.-60. Cross section e~evations in transect 12 of Slough 21,
surveyed August 25, 1981.
Station Elevation True Elevation
0.0 LBHP 12 91.94 751.24
0.0 GB 91.60 750.90
3.0 91.26 750.56
6.5 88.42 747.72
17.0 89.27 748.57
11.5 88.06 747.36
27.5 88.88 748.18
32.5 88.14 747.44
40.0 88.82 748.12
43.5 88.36 747.66
47.0 LWS
47.0 LWE 85.40 744.70
49.5 84.14 743.44
54.5 84.46 743.76
72.0 84.70 744.00
79.0 84.87 744.17
92.0 84.60 743.90
103.5 84.74 744.04
108.6 RWS
108.6 RWE 85.43 744.73
115.0 91.42 750.72
117.4 GB 91.85 751.15
117.4RBHP 12 92.22 751.52
Provisional mainstem Susitna River discharge recorded at Gold Creek on
August 25, 1981 was 28,600 cfs (USGS 1981).
---Data not collected.
EA-65
Tab 1 e EA-61. Cross section elevations in transect 13 of Slough 21,
surveyed August 25, 1981.
Station Elevation True Elevation
0.0 LBHP 13 91.15 750.45
0.0 GB 90.78 750.08
2.0 90.74 750.04
7.0 86.72 746.02
13.5 85.77 745.07
20.0 86.42 745.75
42.0 85.78 745.08
66.0 86.21 745.51
82.0 86.41 745.71
86.2 LWS
86.2 LWE 85.43 744.73
94.0 83.85 743.15
108.5 84.14 743.44
120.0 84.80 744.10
127.5 84.18 743.48
134.5 84.97 744.27
134.7 RWS
134.7 RWE 85.43 744.73
138.0 91.47 750.77
141.5 GB 91.66 750.96
141.5 RBHP 13 92.00 751.30
Provisional mainstem Susitna River discharge
August 25, 1981 was 28,600 cfs (USGS 1981).
recorded at Gold Creek on
---Data not collected.
EA-66
~
~
I""'
~
~~
-
"""
"""!
""1
-
-