HomeMy WebLinkAboutAPA1307Subtask 7.10
.Phase 1 Final Draft Report Vol~1
Aquatic Habitat &Instream Flow Project
ADF &G.I Su Hydro 1981
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ALASKA POWER AUTHORITY 1l{:25
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SUSITNA HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT (t:l1J
Ji D(13D7
Subtask 7.10
for
Acres American Incorporated
Liberty Bank Building.Main at Court
Bu.ffalo.New York 14202
by
Alaska Department of Fish and Game
Susitna Hydro AQuatic Studies
2207 Spenard Road
Anchorage.Alaska 99503
Phase 1 Final Draft Report Vol.1
Aquatic Habitat &Instream Flow Project
ADF &G I Su Hydro 1981
ARLIS
Alaska Resources
Library &InfonnatlOf1 ServIces
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
VOLUME ONE
Title Page
LIST OF FIGURES.........iii
LIST OF TABLES......................................................iv
LIST OF PLATES......................................................v
LIST OF APPENDIXES..................................................vi
1.SUMMARY .....•."•.•.......Co ••Co.•••• • • • •••• •••• • • • • • •••• • • • • • • • • ••E-1-1
2.INTRODUCTION E-2-1
3.OBJECTIVES ..-'".........................•...........E-3-1
4.STUDY DESCRIPTION AND RATIONALE ........•...;...................E-4-1
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4.1 Fisheries Habitat Evaluation ..•...........................
4.1.1 Point Specific Evaluation ................•.........
4.1.2 General Habitat Evaluation .......................•.
4.2 Selected Habitat Evaluation .......................•.......
4.2.1 Water Quality and Discharge
E-4-1
E-4-3
E-4-3
E-4-3
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5.
Data Collection ...............•....................E-4-4
4.2.2 Surveying and Discharge
Measurements E-4-4
STUDY APPROACH.................................................E-5-1
5.1 General Habitat Evaluation E-5-1
5.1.1 Methods ....•....................•..................E-5-1
5.1.1.1 Physiochemical E-5-1
5.1.1.2 Site Selection ~E-5-6
5.1.1.3 Winter Methods ~~..E-5-i2
5.1.2 F·indings E-5-12
5.1.2.1 Habitat Descriptions of Each
General Habitat Evaluation Study
Site by River Reach........................E-5-12
5.1.2.1.1 Yentna Reach E-5-15
5.1.2.1.2 Sunshine Reach E-5-23
5.1.2.1.3 Talkeetna Reach E-5-31
5.1.2.1.4 Gold Creek Reach E-5-38
5.1.2.1.5 Impoundm~nt Reach .........•..........E-5-51
5.1.2.2 Physiochemical Data for Each General
Habi tat Eva 1uati on Study Site...............E-5-65
5.1.2.3 Temperature Data E-5-65
5.1.2.4 Stage Dat~.........•........................E-5-65
5.1.2.5 Incidental Data~~Jf~E-5-183
.Alaska Resources
LIbrary &InJomtatlon ServIces
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TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)
Title
5.1.2.6 Point Specific Data .....•.•...••..••••......
5.1.2.7 Winter Data e •••••••••••••e ••
5.2 Selected Habitat Evaluation •.•.•......•.....•...•.....•..•
5 ..2 ..1 Me thods II ....a .,'II Cl ..
5.2.1.1 Physiochemical.til !11 III ..
5.281.2 Surveying 0 e..,..
5.2.1.3 Site Selecti·on ,.,.
5.2.2 Findingse u ••••••••
5.2.2.1 Site Descriptions •.•.•.••••..•.......•......
5.2.2.2 Morphometry Data .
5.2.2.3 Stage/Discharge Data ...•.•..................
5.2.2.4 Physiochemical Data •...•............•...•.•.
6.REFERENCES •••••.••••.•...•••.••.•.e ••••••••••••••••ID ••••••••••Il
7..CONTRIBUTORS II ..
8..ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS __• • _
VOLUME TWO
Page
E-5-183 ..
E-5-183
E-5-184
E-5-184
E-5-184
E-5-185
E-5-190
E-5-191
E-5-191
E-5-195
E-5-195
E-5-220
E-6-1
E-7-1
E-8-1
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9.APPEND IXES ..__.....•.........•...•......................e _ • • • • •EA-l
Part 1 -Appendixes EA-EH ............•..........•.•......••..•.EA-1
Part 2 -Appendixes EI-EJ ......•.•.•••.•............•.••..•..•.El-1
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LIST OF FIGURES
Fi gu re E.2.1
Figure E.3.1
Figure E.4.1
Figure E.4.2
Figure E.4.3
Figure E.5.1
Figure E.5.2
Figure E.5.3
Figure E.5.4
Figure E.5.5
Figure E.5.6
Figures E.5.7-
E.5.89
Fi gure E.5.90
Page
Susitna River drainage .......•.•........•.........E-2-3
Susitna River drainage showing Phase 1 study
areas... .. .••. .. .. . .. .. .... .. .. .. .. . .. .. . . .. . .. .. .E-3-2
Aquatic habitat and instream flow study
program components ............•.~E-4-2
Fisheries habitat evaluation components ......•....E-4-2
Selected habitat evaluation components ...........•E-4-5
Yentna study reach •................•.•....•.......E-5-7
Sunshine study reach ..•............•....~E-5-8
Talkeetna study reach .•..•.•..............•......•E-5-9
Gold Creek study reach .....•••.......•..•.........E-5-10
Impoundment study reach...........................E-5-11
Sampling design used in the Impoundment
study reach.......................................E-5-56
Physi ochemi cal parameters versus t"ime
(May-September~1981)for each general
habitat evaluation study site.....................E-5-66
Susitna River drainage basin.Thermograph
and staff gage locations~1981 ••...•....••••......E-5-150
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Figures E.5.91-Temperature (OC)versus time (May-September~
E.5.113 1981)for each thermograph site ..•.•..............E-5-151
Figures E.5.114-Stage versus time for AA fishwheel sites .•.......•E-5-178
E.5.117
Figures E.5.118-Waters edge location and head pin distance
E.5.120 for the selected habitat evaluation study
sites E-5-196
Figures E.5.121-Cross sectional profiles of the mouths and
E.5.136 head transects of the selected habitat
evaluation study sites ..........•.................E-5-199
Figures E.5.137-Morphometric maps of Sloughs 16B~19 and 21
E.5.139 of the selected habitat evaluation study ...•......E-5-215
Figure E.5.140 Comparison of intragravel and surface water
temperatures in Slough 21 ........•................E-5-234
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Table E.5.5
Table E.5.6
Table E.5.7
Table E.5.8
Page
General habitat evaluation parameters E-4-5
Selected habitat evaluation,USGS water
quality parameters .................•..............E-4-6
Substrate size classes •..•.......•.......•........E-5-4
Special study sites -Gold Creek reach E-5-48
Habitat locations in the Impoundment reach E-5-55
Location and period of record for thermo-
graphs installed in the Susitna River
drainage~Summer 1981............................E-5-149
Location of staff gages installed in the
Susitna River drainage.Summer 1981 E-5-174
Matrix of parameters used to select the
five selected habitat evaluation study
sites....................•...........•E-5-192
Selected habitat study hydraulic data E-5-218
USGS provisional water quality data summary E-5-221
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LIST OF PLATES
P1 ate 1.
Plate 2.
Plate 3.
Plate 4.
Plate 5.
Plate 6.
Plate 7.
Plate 8.
Plate 9.
Plate 10.
Hydro1ab instrument used to collect water
quality parameters ...........•.•......•.•....••...E-5-2
Hydro1ab.being used to measure water
quality parameters at Cache Creek ...............•.E-5-3
Grid used for substrate determination.............E-5-5
Velocity measurements being taken at a
gill net set at Mainstem Susitna~Curry E-5-13
Use of an ice auger for winter sampling ...•.••...•E-5-14
Rafts used for transportation in the
Impoundment study reach ...•.••....••.....:........E-5-54
\
Jay Creek slough E-5-62
Use of a Leitz B-2 survey level for
surveying in the selected habitat
study sloughs............................••.•.•••..E-5-187
Surveying a transect 1ine at Slough 8A............E-5-188
Use of an EDM distance finder for deter-
mining cross section profiles ...•••••.....•.......E-5-189
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LIST OF APPENDIXES*
PART 1
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Appendix EA.
Appendix EB.
Appendix EC.
Append ix ED.
Appendix EE.
Appendix EF.
Appendix EG.
Appendix EH .
Appendix E1.
Appendix EJ.
General habitat evaluation site planimetric
maps:.. . . .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... . . . .... . . . ..EA-l
Physiochemical data tables for each general
habitat evaluation study site .•••••...••••..•••••.EB-1
Temperature data tables for each thermograph
site -............EC-l
Stage data tables for AA fishwheel and sonar
sites.............................................ED-1
Cross section survey data of each selected
habitat evaluation study site.....................EE-1
Mainstem Susitna River discharge at Gold Creek
versus time (May-October,1981)...................EF-1
Methods supplement ......•...•...•.••.•••..•.••....EG-1
Incidental data EH-l
~ART 2
Point specific data ..••...•.......•...............EI-1
Winter data .......••........••.•...•......•.•..•..EJ-1
*Appendixes are presented in Parts 1 and 2 of Volume Two.
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1.SUMMARY
This fisheries habitat subject report was prepared by the Aquatic Habitat and
Instream Flow Study section of the Alaska Department of Fish and Game (ADF&G)
Aquatic Studies Program for the Alaska Power Authority as part of the
environmental feasibil ity assessment studies for the proposed Susitna River ..-\"'
Hydroelectric project.Data presented were collected by project personnel in
the winter,spring,summer and fall,1981.
fisheries and aquatic habitats of the Susitna River will be integrated into an
ADF&G Aquatic Studies Program Phase I Final Report.The Phase I Final Report
will be forthcoming in February 1982 .
E-l-l
2.INTRODUCTION
This initial Aquatic Habitat and Instream Flow (AH)report is one of a series
of subject reports representing first stage data reduction of Phase I
fisheries and habitat information collected in the winter,spring,summer and
fall,1981 by the Alaska Departm.~nt of Fish and Game (ADF&G)Susitna Hydro-
electric (Su-Hydro)Aquatic Studies Program personnel.Portions of the
information from this and the other Phase I subject reports (Adult Anadromous
Fisheries,AA;and Resident and Juvenile Anadromous Fisheries,RJ;reports)
will be synthesized and integrated into a Phase I Aquatic Studies Program
Final Report.The Phase I Final Report will be forthcoming in February 1982
and will present the relationships drawn from the respective ADF&G subject
reports above and reports of others containing information relevant to the
assessment of the proposed Susitna Hydroelectric project impacts on fisheries.
Realizing the need for these AH data by Acres American and its various sub-
contractors to enable them to meet their respective report deadlines,portions
of the data contained herein were previously distributed upon request in
preliminary form.
Existing information on the fishery resources and aquatic habitat within the
Susitna River drainage ranges from the most fundamental and general ized to
local ized and specific data on species managed by the Department in areas
where competition for these species is keen.It should be noted,however,
that information on all species in the Susitna River drainage,even those
studied in greatest detail during this first year of the Phase 1/11 study,is
still largely preliminary.Additional data must be collected on selected
E-2-1
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species and life phases present in the area,including data on their inter-
relationships with other species and with their physiochemical surroundings.
These data wi 11 be requi red for determi ni ng the impacts of the proposed Su
Hydro 'project on the fishery resources and evaluating its feasibility.This
will be discussed further in the February Aquatic Studies Report.
Prior to the initiation of the Phase I Su Hydro Aquatic Study Program,the
ADF&G collected baseline data on fisheries and habitat between 1974 and 1977
(ADF&G 1974, 1976, 1977,1978)to enable the ADF&G to design the necessary
study plan for determining the impacts of this proposed project on the fishery
resources.The five year comprehensive Plan of Study was submitted to the
Alaska Power Authority (APA)in December,1977 and included in the 197:8 ADF&G
report,Preliminary Environmental Assessment of Hydroelectric Development on
the Susitna River (ADF&G 1978).However,studies were not implemented
because funding was unavailable.In September 1979,the ADF&G agreed to
update and revise the 1977 Plan of Study,submittin'g it to the APA in November
1979 (ADF&G 1979).The APA approved portions of the study and provided
funding to the ADF&G under a Reimbursable Services Agreement to initiate Phase
I of the Phase 1/11'fisheries studies in July 1980.
The Susitna River (Figure E.2.1);s approximately 275 miles long from its
sources in the Alaska Mountain Range to its point of discharge into Cook
Inlet.Its drainage encompasses an area of 19,400 square miles.The mainstem
and major tributaries of the Susitna River,including the Chulitna,Talkeetna
and Yentna Rivers,originate in glaciers and carry a heavy load of glacial
flour during the ice-free months.There are also many smaller tributaries
which are perennially "s·ilt-free.The Susitna River and the major rivers
E-2-2
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Figure E.2.1.Susitna River drainage.
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enteri ng Kni k Arm represent approximately 70-80%of the total freshwater
entering Cook Inlet (Rosenberg et al.1967).
The proposed Susitna hydroelectric project w"ill have various impacts on the
aquatic environments of the Susitna River.The majority of the impacts on
fish species will likely result from changes in the natural regimes of the
river.Primary areas of concern are modification of seasonal instream flows,*
increased turbidity levels during winter months,and variation of thermal and
chemical parameters.Preliminary studies indicate that alterations of the
habitat may adversely affect the existing fish populatio.ns and render portions
of the drainage either non-productive or unavailable in future years (ADF&G
1978;1979.).
Continuously moving water,or current,is the distinguishing physical habitat
feature of the Susitna River and its tributari es.Instream flows i nfl uence
various physical and chemical parameters and biological organisms to create
particular aquatic environments in the Susitna"River Basin.These include
volume,velocity,temporal variation of flows,channel morphology (size,
shape,gradient,a.nd geologic material of channel),water quality (tempera-
ture,turbidity,dissolved gases,etc.),and stream load (bed load,suspended
solids,and other materials,such as watershed inputs,in transport).
Analogous chains of events follow any alterations of instream flow.The
altered stream will attempt to establish new equilibrium conditions;and this
*The flow of water which appears in the Susitna River at a given time con-
stitutes the "instream flow".
E-2-4
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dynamic process may lead to substantial changes in channel shape,wetted area,
substrate characteristics,water quality,etc.Moreover,these changes may be
felt as far downstream from the proposed dams as Cook Inlet (Bishop 1975).
It is important to remember that the complexity of the physical interactions
outl ined above is compounded by the fact that natural flows fl uctuate with
seasona land cl imati c vari ati ons.As a result,impacts produced by the
proposed dams will stem not only from the amount of flow modification but also
from the timing of the modification in relationship to normal seasonal flow
fluctuations.Reduction,elimination,or rescheduling of naturally recurring
high flows can have serious consequences on channel characteristics.An
increase in flow can also induce profound changes in the lotic environment
during naturally occurring low flows.
The physical conditions and interactions within the Susitna River Basin
discussed above,provide essential habitats for aquatic,riparian,and other
organisms.As a result,any alteration in the physical environment also
affects the associated biological populations.Although the data from this
and related Phase I and earlier reports will be used as the first step towards
identifying the potential impacts of proposed instream flow changes on the
Susitna fisheries,it should be apparent that instream flows can exert similar
".."profound effects on other aquatic organisms,as well as on riparian and
terrestrial wildlife,navigation and other instream flow related uses
(Erickson 1977;Stalnaker and Arnette 1976;Hinz 1977;Newell 1977;Martin
1977;Klarich and Thomas 1977;Judy and Gore 1978;MDFWP 1980;White et al.
1981;American Fisheries Society and American Society of Civil Engineers
1976a,b;Townsend 1975).
E-2-5
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.Instream flow may,therefore,be considered one of the most essential deter-
minants of aquatic habitat and hence fisheries productivity.Modifications of
naturally occurring seasonal instream flows will produce a variety of changes
in essenti a1 fi shery habitat areas such as spawning,incubation,rea ring,
overwintering,and passage habitats.Decreased flows in the late spring and
summer can for example lead to dewatering of sloughs.Increased flows in the
winter can wash away spawning substrate or destroy sheltering areas and
increase turbidity levels.Decreases and increases in flows which alter
stream productivity will modify food availability in rearing and overwintering
habitats.
In addition to modify-ing essential habitats,alterations to the Susitna flow
regimes can affect the seasonal behavior of fish species.Hynes (l970)dis-
cusses the important interrelationships between seasonal flow regimes,fish
movement,and human alterations of lotic environment.As a result,the
protection of fisheries resources requires not only that certain volumes of
instream flow be maintained throughout each life history stage,but also that
these specific flows be available at particular times of the year.
In summary,seasonal fluctuations in the physiochemical composition of the
aquatic habitat are apparently the major factors influencing distribution of
fish within the drainage.Any alterations resulting from the proposed hydro-
electric related project activities which will restrict or reduce quality or
quantity of required habitat will also reduce fish populations and associated
E-2-6
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members of the aquatic community.Conversely,alterations which will expand
--or improve quality or quantity of habitat will p·rovide the potential for
enhancing fish productivity.
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E-2-7
3.OBJECTIVES
To insure adequate information will be available for evaluating the potential
impacts of the proposed hydroelectric project on the fishery resources of the
Susitna River prior to determining project feasibility,a two-phase five year
data collection program has been initiated.
The following objectives were addressed in the Phase I ADF&G Aquatic Studies
ice-covered (December 1980-May 1981)and open water (June 1981 -October 1981)
field seasons ..The ice-covered study program was subdivided into two
secti ons:RJ,and AH.The open water program was subdi vi ded into three
sections:AA,RJ,and AH.
AA Study Section
OBJECTIVE 1.*Determine the seasonal di stributi on and
abundance of adult anadromous fish populations
within the study area (Figure 2).
relative
produced
Task 1.1
Task 1.2
Enumerate and characterize the runs of the adult
anadromous fish.
Determine the timing and nature of migration,milling
and spawning activities.
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*Objective one was not included as part of the ice-covered winter study
program .
E-3-1
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Figure E-3-1.Susitna River drainage sho\tJing Phase I study areas.
"""......_----,
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'BUSITNA RIVER DRAINAGE BASIN
.~1981 Open Waler ~ludlfAr~a
~1980-1981 Winter Study Area
.----I I River Drainage Study Area---...
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Task 1.3
Task 1.4
OBJECTIVE 2.
Task 2.1
Task 2.2
OBJECTIVE 3.
Task 3.1
Identify spawning locations within the study area
(i.e.subreaches of the mainstem sloughs and side
channels,tributary confluences,lakes and ponds,etc.)
and estimate their comparative importance.
Identify and determine methods,means and the feasi-
bil ity of estimating the Susitna River's contribution
to the Cook Inlet commercial fishery.
RJ Study Section
Determ'ine the seasonal distribution and relative
abundance of selected resident and juvenile anadromous
fish populations within the study area.
Identify spawning and rearing locations of the resident
species and the rearing locations of juvenile anadro-
mous species to estimate their comparative importance.
Record descriptive information on captured fish
(species,location of capture site,age class),and
discuss seasonal migration patterns of selected adult
resident species.
AH Study Section
Characterize the seasonal habitat requirements of
selected anadromous and resident species within the
study area.
Through direct field obiervations and measurements
identify the physical and chemical conditions which
appear to be influencing the suitability of various
habitat types for the speci es and 1ife hi story stages
of interest.
E-3-3
Task 3.2 Through direct field observations and measurements
characterize the physical and chemical parameters of
the various habitat types found in the study area.
It should be emphasized that this initial report is limi~ed to a presentation
of the first stage data reduction of the AH information.Therefore,the above
AH objectives will not be addressed in detail until relevant data'from the .....
other ADF&G reports and other cooperators are integrated with these data in
the February 1982 report.
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4.STUDY DESCRIPTION AND RATIONALE
•Phase I of the AH Study was subdivided into two segments (Figure E.4.1):1)
fishery habitat evaluations of the principal resident fish,and juvenile and
adult anadromous salmon sampling areas and included point specific and general
habitat evaluations;and 2)selected habitat evaluations of five sloughs which
are representative of other sloughs in the study area between Ta"'keetna and
Devil Canyon.
4.1 Fishery Habitat Evaluations
Fishery habitat evaluation studies were performed during the winter and summer
field seasons and were subdivided into point specific and general habitat
evaluations (Figure E.4.2).Data were collected by 15 biologists from the AH
and RJ projects assigned to five joint crews,four in the lower river and one
in the upper river.Crews in the lower river were based in semi-permanent
tent camps located at the Yentna,Sunshine and Talkeetna AA fishwheel sites
(Figure E.3.1;ADF&G 1981a)and at Gold Creek*.Each crew was self contained
and utilized a pickup truck,outboard jet powered riverboat and helicopter for
logistical support.The upper river crew utilized a truck,helicopter fixed
wing aircraft and river rafts for logistical support.Mobile camps were set
up and disassembled at each camp site each sampling period.
*Winter crews were housed in cabins at Gold Creek,Alexander Creek and
Talkeetna •
E-4-1
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SELECTED
HABITAT
EVALUATION
Figure E.4.1.Aquatic habitat and instream flow study program components.
Fi shery Habitat
Evaluations
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Velocity
Point
Specific
Evaluation
Depth Substrate
Water
Qual ity
General
Habitat
Evaluation
".
Hydrology Mapping
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4.1.1 Point Specific Evaluation
Velocity,depth,and sUbstrat~data were collected at the gear placement sites
(gps)(Appendix EG)to characterize the range of streamflow dependent charac-
teristics which appeared to be influencing the suitability of various habitat
types for the species and life stages of interest.Incidental velocity,
~depth,and substrate data were also recorded where fish were observed.
4.1.2 General Habitat Evaluation
.F""
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General habitat evaluations provided the necessary data to describe and map
the overall habitat characteri sticsof each RJ and AA study site.These data
were collected in the study area below Dev"il Canyon on a twice per month basis
with the exception of discharge.Data collected included the parameters
listed in Table E.4.1.
4.2 Selected Habitat Evaluation
The Selected habitat evaluation program was designed to evaluate the relation-
ships of mainstem hydraulic and water quality conditions to fisheries habitat
in slough areas between Talkeetna and Devil Canyon.The study was divided
,....into two segments:
(1)water quality and discharge data collection;and
(2)surveying and discharge measurements.
E-4-3
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4.2.1 Water Quality and Discharge Data Collection
....
The water qual ityand di scharge measurement data were collected on a coopera-
tive basis with the U.S.Geological Survey (USGS).One crew of two AH
bi 01 ogi sts and one USGS water quality speci ali st operated out of the Gol d
Creek semi -permanent lower river camp;,Logi sti cal support was provi ded by
train,fixed wing aircraft,helicopter,pickup truck and an inboard jet boat.
These data were collected to characterize ranges of water quality parameters
(Table E.4.2)and discharge within the five selected habitat evaluation study
sloughs.The sampling was conducted concurrently with the USGS's routine
sampling of the mainstem Susitna River at Gold Cre'ek in order to allow COIll-
parisons of the water quality parameters between the various sloughs and the
mainstem.Samples were obtained three times,one time per seasona,l low,
medium,and high flows.Two additional sampling trips with the USGS are
scheduled for the winter of 1981-82,to characterize low flow winter con-
ditions.
4.2.2 Surveying and Discharge Measurements
...",
Surveying techniques were employed to collect elevation data.One crew of
three biologists operated out of the Gold Creek and Talkeetna semi-permanent
lower river camps and a mobile tent camp.Logistical support was provided by ~
train,fixed-wing aircraft,helicopter,pickup truck,and an inboard jet boat.
Stage and di scharge measurements were also coll ected.These two types of
information were used to develop a physical description of each of the five
selected habitat evaluation study sloughs and identify,on a preliminary
basis,which flow regimes of the mainstem Susitna River would permit accessi-
E-4-4
bility to and from slough habitats by fish.In addition,the relationship
between intragravel and surface water temperatures were eval uated at one
slough through the use of thermographs.•
Table E.4.1.General habitat evaluation parameters.
.....Water Quality
temperature (air and
water)
pH
dissolved
oxygen
specific
conductance
turbidity
Hydrology
velocity
stage*
substrate
Mapping
photography
substrate
cover
pools
riffles
dimensions
(planimetric
and cross
sectionals*)
gear place-
ment sites
*Note:These parameters were not measured in the Impoundment reach.
Selected
Habitat
Evaluation,
Water
Qua 1ity Mapping Hydrology
Figure E.4.3Selected habitat evaluation components.
E-4-5
i I I
Table E.4.2.Selected Habitat evaluation,USGS water quality parameters,.
Physical and field parameters
Water temperature
Air temperature
Stream flow
Specific conductance,field
Specific conductance,lab
Dissolved oxygen
Percent oxygen saturation
pH field
pH 1ab
Alkalinity,field
A1ka 1in ity,1ab
Turbidity
Sediments,suspended
Sediments,discharge suspended
Solids,residue at 180°C
Solids,sum of constituents
Solids,dissolved
Solids,dissolved
Major Constituents
Hardness
Hardness,non carbonate
Bicarbonate,incremental titration
Carbonate incremental titration
Calcium,dissolved
Magnesium,dissolved
Sodium,dissolved
Sodium,percent
Sodium,adsorption ratio
Potassium,dissolved
Chloride,dissolved
Sulfate,dissolved
Fluoride,dissolved
Silica,dissolved
°C
°C
cfs
umho/cm
urnho/clll
mg/l
mg/l CaC0 3mg/l CaC0 3NTU
mg/l
tons/day
mg/l
mg/l
mgll
tons/
mg/l CaC0 3mg/l CaC0 3mg/l HC0 3mg/l C0 3mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
I11g/1
mg/l
mg/l
-
""'"
Nutrients
Nitrogen,total
Nitrogen,total as N0 3Nitrogen,dissolved
Nitrogen,total organic
Nitrogen,dissolved organic
Nitrogen,dissolved ammonia
Nitrogen,dissolved ammonia as NH 4Nitrogen,total ammonia
(all mg/l)
E.-4-6
.-
....
-
....
Table E.4.2 (Continued)
Nitrogen,ammonia +dissolved organics
Nitrogen,ammonia +total suspended organics
Nitrogen,ammonia +total organics
Nitrogen,total nitrate and nitrite
Nitrogen,dissolved nitrate and nitrite
Phosphorus,total
Phosphorus,total as P0 4Phosphorus,dissolved
Carbon,dissolved organic
Carbon,total suspended organic
Trace Metals (all ug/1)
Arsenic,total
Arsenic,total suspended
Arsenic,dissolved
Barium,total recoverable
Barium,suspended recoverable
Barium,dissolved
Cadmium,total recoverable
Cadmium,suspended recoverable
Cadmium,dissolved
Chromium,total recoverable
Chromium,suspended recoverable
Chromium,dissolved
Cobalt,total recoverable
Cobalt,suspended recoverable
cobalt,dissolved
Copper,total recoverable
Copper,suspended recoverable
Copper,dissolved
Iron,total recoverable
Iron,suspended recoverable
Iron,dissolved
Lead,total recoverable
Lead,suspended recoverable
Lead,dissolved
Manganese,total recoverable
Manganese,suspended recoverable
Manganese,dissolved
Mercury,total recoverable
Mercury,suspended recoverable
Mercury,dissolved
Nickel,total recoverable
Nickel,suspended recoverable
Nickel,dissolved
Selenium,total
Selenium,total suspended
Selenium,dissolved
E-4-7
•
I I I
Table E.4.2 (Continued)
Silver,total recoverable
Silver,suspended recoverable
Silver,dissolved
Zinc,total recoverable
.Zinc,suspended recoverable
Zinc,dissolved
~;
-
.-
-
.-,
--
-
5.STUDY APPROACH
5.1 General Habitat Evaluation
5.1.1 Methods*
5.1.1.1 Physiochemical
Dissolved oxygen,water and air temperature,pH,turbidity,stage and specific
conductance were measured twice monthly at each general habi tat eval uation
study site,except in the Impoundment reach,where these parameters were
measured monthly.Data were collected by a joint crew of AH/RJ biologists
utilizing customized riverboats as the primary means of transportation.
Dissolved oxygen,water temperature,pH,and specific conductance were
measured with a Hydrolab model 4041.Calibration of the meter was performed
immediately prior to departing for and returning from each sampling period and
whenever else deemed necessary.Turbidity samples were collected and stored
in 500 ml poly bottles in a cool and dark location until analysis.The
turbidity samples were analyzed using a Hach model 2100A turbidity meter.
Turbi dity sampl es were analyzed di rectly from the sampl e bottl es.No fil-
tration or dilution methods were used.Water temperatures were continually
recorded at several sites using Ryan Model J-90 thermographs.Stage data were
collected by installing staff gages at general habitat evaluation study sites
and AA fishwheeland sonar sites.
*Refer to Chapter 5.1.1.3 for a discussion of the 1980-81 winter ice-covered
field season methods.Specific methods are presented in Appendix EG.
E-5-1
Plate 1.Hydrolab instrument used to collect water quality parameters.
E--
IT1
I
<on
I
w
J'J ":
'-'-1
Plate 2.Hydrolab being used to determine water quality parameters at Cache Creek.
Stage data were recorded at least twice monthly at general habitat evaluation
sites and one or more times per day at AA sites.Stage data were not -,
collected in the Impoundment study reach.Substrate was categorized as shown
in Table E.5.1.Point w~ter velocities were measured with Marsh-McBirney
Model 201,Price AA,or pygmy flow meters using standard methods outl ined by
the respective manufacturers.
-i
Table E.5.1.Substrate size classes
Substrate Class Size Range (inches)Substrate Codes*
0 Organics
silt 1 Si lt -
sand 2 Sand
grave.l 1/4-3 {1/16 11 -1/14 11
,
~
3,4,5
1/4 11 _1 11
,1-3 11
rubble 3-5 6 3"-5 11 .-,
cobble 5-10 7 5"-10 11
boulders 10 8 greater than 1011
9 bedrock
*see Appendix EG
E-5-4
E-5-5
.....
E
(l)
.j-J
(l)
~
(l)
.j-J
Itls...
.j-J
Vl.c=.
Vl
5.1.1.2 Site Selection
The study area (Figure E.3.1)included the majority of the Susitna River
between the Denali Highway and Cook Inlet.For logistJcal and study purposes,
the river was divided into the five study reaches (Figures E.5.1-E.5.5)below:
(1)the Yentna reach (Figure E.5.1)extends from the mouth of the
Susitna River at Cook Inlet River (Mile,R.M.,0)to Little Willow
Creek (R.M.50.5);
(2)the Sunshine reach (Figure E.5.2)'extends from Rustic Wilderness
(R.M.58.1)to the Parks Highway Bridge (R.M.83.5),
(3)the Talkeetna reach (Figure E.5.3)extends from the Parks Highway
Bridge (R.M.83.5)to Curry (R.M.120.7),
(4)the Gold Creek reach (Figure E.5.4)extends from Curry (R.M.120.7)
to Portage Creek (R.M.148.8),and
(5)the Impoundment reach (Figure E.5.5)extends from Devil Canyon (R.M.
151)to the Denali Highway (R.M.281.0).
Eight to thirteen representative general habitat evaluation study sites were
selected for general habitat evaluation and resident and juvenile fisheries
studies in each of the five study reaches.Point specific and general habitat
E-5-6
...~'.
;'--
"
--..,..,
..~
r,,=i'-"":.__"
r ;-.--...
'"1-
~-
>-./
-ob~C -,
.".,...~.~.-,
-.....(
~'.
••":......-=,..-...,,-r~,,
-_.:~.-;.
........--'"
._;
.:.~_.
.-..I
:-,-
Figure E.5.1.Yentna study reach.
E-5-7
·,'.......,..~.
'-'"
"'t."•.
:~
~-..~..
..•~._-...
'•.J;'
-".~
'.
........o-f
...."..
Fi gu re E.5•2•Sunshine study reachoE_5_8
Fi gure E.5.3.Talkeetna study reach.
E-5-9
~~.
,,,,
,
.t•..'
7,
.:,.-'-..'
f
1.\
II ~'::!
'j i...."i ~
~.'t"'1~~~.:"!.,~
i
rn
I
01
I....o
Figure E.5.4.Gold Creek Study reach.
E-5-11
I'0,..
--~.-.
+-'
~
<lJ
E
"'0
~
::::l
oa.
E......
LO
W
<lJ
~
~
01
l.J...
data were collected at each of these sites.Data were also collected at the
AA sonar and fi'sh wheel sites,identified spawning sites and special study
areas.
5.1.1.3 Winter Methods
The methods used in the collection of AH data during the winter 1980-81
ice-covered field sampling period varied in several aspects from the summer
1981 sampling.The Hydrolab and Marsh-McBirney units used during the summer
period had not yet been purchased,thus other instruments were borrowed from
other ADF&G and u.s.Fish and Wildlife Service projects.Water quality and
quantity data were collected with a YSI-33 dissolved oxygen meter,a YSI-SCT
(salinity-conductivity-temperature)meter,a Digisense pH meter,a
Mars.h-McBirney Model 201 water velocity meter,and Price AA and Pygmy water
velocity meters.Turbidity was not measured.Snow machines and helicopters
were used to access study sites.In areas where open leads were not present,
ice augers were utilized to access water for sampling.
5.1.2 Findings
5.1.2.1 Habitat Descriptions of Each General Habitat Evaluation Study
Site by River Reach.
Representative general habitat evaluation study sites'were sampled twice
monthly to characterize their physiochemical parameters.A brief habitat
description of each general habitat evaluation study site,grouped by river
E-5-12
ITl
I
01
I
~
W
"',"-Ill"
.....-c-•
~:
.--
.,-c--'N"~""
N:::"'-~~'""
--.
Plate 4.Velocity measurements being taken at a gill net set at Mainstem Susitna -Curry.
...-........
Plate 5.Use of an ice auger for winter sampling.
E-5-14
reach,is presented below.Planimetric maps of each general habitat
evaluation study site are presented in Appendix EA.
5.1.2.1.1 Yentna Reach
(1)General description.
The Yentna reach (Figure E.5.1)extends from the mouth of the Susitna River at
Cook Inlet (R.M.0.0)to Little Willow Creek (R.M.50.5).There are 13
general habitat evaluation study sites in the Yentna reach including:
-Study Site River Mile GeographicCode*
Fish Creek 7.0 15N07W27AAC
Alexander Creek Site A 10.1 15N07W06DCA
Site B -2.0 Miles Upriver 16N07W32CCB
Site C -4.0 Miles Upriver 16N07W30ACD
Anderson Creek 23.8 17N07W29DDD
Kroto Slough Mouth 30.1 17N07W01DBC
Mainstem Slough 31.0 17N06W05CAB
Mid-Kroto Slough 36.3 18N06W16BBC
Deshka River Site A 40.6 19N06W35BDA
Site B -1.0 Miles Upriver 19N06W26BCB
Site C -3.5 Miles Upriver 19N06W14BCA
Lower Delta Islands 44.0 19N05W19ACB
Little Willow Creek 50.5 20N05W27AAD
*Refer to the ADF&G (1981b)Procedures Manual for a description of the
Geographic Code.
E-5-15
The geomorphology of the Susitna River varies in this reach.The Susitna
River above the confluence with the Yentna River forms a braided channel.
Below the Yentna River,the Susitna River forms a single meandering channel to
the head of Bell Island.At Bell Island,the Susitna River separates into two
braided channels and remains divided to the inlet.During all but the periods
of highest discharge,there are large sand and silt bars and log jams present.
The overall gradient for the reach is approximately 1 ft/mile (corresponding
to a drop of 50 feet in elevation in 43.5 miles).The surrounding area is low
in relief with meadows,muskeg and cottonwood present.The typical substrate
is silt and sand.
The Alexander and Deshka Rivers are heavily fished during the chinook and coho
salmon seasons.Many year round and seasonal homesites are located on these
systems.The only residents on the mainstem Susitna River are near Susitna
Station (R.M.25.4).The mainstem Susitna River ;s utilized primarily for
access to other areas of the river's drainage.
(2)Habitat descriptions of general habitat locations in the Yentna Reach.
Fish Creek
The study site (Appendix EA,Figure EA-I)is located at the confluence of Fish
Creek with the east channel of the mainstem Susitna River.Fish Creek is a
relatively narrow meandering muskeg-influenced creek which carries a heavy
silt load in spring.Depths in the study area vary from 2 feet to over 8 feet
near the confluence.A small lake outlet enters the lower portion of the
.E-5-16
llI"PJ!'i
~,
"""
.....
-
study area.Typical substrate in the study area is silt.Cover is provided
by cutbanks,riparian vegetation and high turbidity during the spring runoff.
This general habitat evaluation study site was eliminated after one s~mpli'ng
period due to logistical reasons.Adult chinook salmon have been reported in
the study site.
Alexander Creek
Alexander Creek,a relatively shallow,meandering muskeg influenced stream,is
located at river mile 10.1.There are three separate general habitat evalu-
ation study sites located on this creek.Adult salmon that have been reported
to utilize this system include chinook,coho,chum,pink and sockeye salmon.
Site A
Site A (Appendix EA,Figure EA-2)is located at the high water confluence of
Alexander Creek with the west channel of the mainstem Susitna River (R.M.
10.1).The creek at this site is relatively deep and wide with a uniform
cross section.The Susitna River interface extends upstream approximately 14
the length of the study site.The substrate was predominately composed of
silt throughout the sampling season.The west bank is a relatively high
cutbank with fallen trees providing cover.The east bank is sloping with
alder and willow providing cover under high discharge conditions.
·E-5-17
Site B
Site B (Appendix EA,Figure EA-3)on Alexander Creek is located 2.0 miles
upstream of the confluence.The creek in the study area is relatively
shallow,with substrate ,consisting of silt and mud.There is a low grass
covered mud island in close proximity to the northeast bank.Under high
discharge conditions,overhanging and fallen trees provided cover along
sloping banks.
Site C
Site C (Appendix EA,Figure EA-4)on Alexander Creek is located 4.0 miles
upstream of the confluence.During periods of high discharge,the creek in
this study site was relatively deep (3-5 feet)..Under these conditions,a
deep pool formed on the west bank of the lower portion of the study site.
Banks were both sloping and cut.Typical substrate consisted of mud,sand and
gravel.A small clearwater tributary,Granite Creek,entered the study area.
Under high discharge conditions,Granite Creek deposited a delta of sand and
gravel extending across 34 of Alexander Creek.Cover is provided by over-
hanging vegetation and submerged grasses.
Anderson Creek
The study site (Appendix EA,Figure EA-5)is located at the confluence of
Anderson Creek and the Susitna River.The geomorphology and the physio-
,chemistry of this site is greatly influenced by the Susitna River.The creek
mouth varies from 15 feet to 40 feet in width and is approximately six feet in
E-5-18
~,
.-
-
~,
depth under high discharge conditions.The width was reduced to approximately
five feet as the discharge dropped.Under high discharge -conditions,when
the flow of the creek was backed up by the Susitna River,velocities in the
study site were low (0-0.2 ft.sec.)and turbidities were high.As the
discharge dropped and the influence of the Susitna River 1essened,ve1ocities
increased sl i ght1y and turbidities dropped..The substrate and sl opi ng banks
consisted almost entirely of silt.During periods of high discharge,cover is
provided by overhanging alder.Adult coho,ch"inook,pink and sockeye salmon
have been observed in the study site.
Kroto Slough Mouth
The study site (Appendix EA,Figure EA-B)is located at the confluence of
Kroto Slough and the Yentna River,approximately 2.0 miles upriver from the
confluence of the Yentna River with the mainstem Susitna River (R.M.30.1).
The major influence on the slough in the study area ultimately depends on the
stage at the mid-Kroto Slough fork.Under low discharge conditions,the
majority of the flow from upper Kroto Slough is diverted by sandbars into the
Susitna River.As a result,the primary influence of the slough at the mouth
becomes dependent on tributaries that enter the slough below the fork~Under
high discharge conditions,the upper Kroto Slough flow is not entirely di-
verted,causing the influence of the slough at the mouth to be a mixture of
the two water sources.The slough in the study area is relatively shallow and
meandering.The width of the study area is approximately 200 feet with depths
varying depending on discharge.The north side of the study site consists of
a low cutbank and a large silt bar (50-100 feet in length).The southside
consists of a higher cutbank (5-8 feet)with no bars present until very low
E-5-19
discharges.The substrate consists entirely of silt~Under high discharge
conditions,when the banks were flooded,cover was provided by overhanging
willow a'hd alder.Overall the site was relatively stable,with the most
significant variable being water level fluctuation.Adult chinook,coho and
sockeye salmon have been observed in the study site.
Mainstem Slough
The study site (Appendix EA,Figure EA-7)is located in a side channel slough
of the Susitna River.The site has two different habitat types.The lower
portion of the study consists of a large back eddy (approximately 200 x 1000
feet)characterized by low velocities,silt deposits and depths ranging from 3
to 10 feet.Cover is provided by a debris jam at the lower end of the site
and vegetation along sloping banks.The slough in the upper portion of the
study site by contrast is relatively narrow,shallow,and fast running.
Substrate is typified by rubble.Under low discharge conditions,current in
the lower portion of the study site increased,eliminating the back eddy.
Adult salmon observed in the study site include chinook,coho,pink,chum and
sockeye salmon.
Mid-Kroto Slough
The study site (Appendix EA,Figure EA-B)is located where Kroto Slough forks
at river mile 36.3 of the Susitna River.The majority of the flow returns via
a fork to the Susitna River.Under low discharge conditions,sand bars
appeared in the vicinity of the fork.These sand bars diverted an even
greater percentage of the discharge into the Susitna River,causing the
E-5-20
~:
-
-
.....
i~
.-
downstream portion of the slough to be influenced primmarily by tributaries.
The slough at the study site is fairly wide (l00-200 feet)and fast running.
Substrate is predominantly silt with sand and gravel present in the vicinity
of the fork.There is a four foot silt cutbank on the east side of the
slough.the bank on the southwest side varies from 2-8 feet in height and has
not been eroded recently.During periods of high discharge,cover is provided
by bank vegetation and debris.Adult coho and chinook salmon have been
observed in the study site.
Deshka River
The Deshka River (Kroto Creek)is a relatively shallow,meandering river
influenced by adjacent muskeg habitats.There are three separate general
habitat evaluation study sites located on the Deshka River.Adult chinook,
coho,chum,pink and sockeye salmon have been reported to utilize this system.
Site A
Site A (Appendix EA,Figure EA-9)is located at the confluence of the Deshka
Ri ver wi th the rna i nstem Sus itna River.The study site geomorphology and
physiochemistry is heavily influenced directly by the mainstem Susitna River
and indirectly through a small slough that enters the study area on the east
bank of the Deshka River during periods of high discharge.The river in the
study site is relatively wide and deep with the substrate consisting almost
entirely of silt.Gear placement was along the west bank,which is steep and
wooded with many recreational cabins and small floating docks present.During
periods of high discharge,cover was provided by overhanging vegetation •
E-5-21
·Si te B
..
Site B (Appendix EA,Figure EA-IO)on the Deshka River is located 1.0 mile
upriver from the confluence.The river in the study site is relatively
shallow and meandering.The channel substrate is silt,with rubble present in
several areas of the banks.Gear placement is along the west bank which is
steep and wooded.Vegetation provided cover under high discharge conditions.
A year round homesite is located on the east bank.
Site C
Site C (Appendix EA,Figure EA-ll)on the Deshka River is located 3.5 miles
upriver from the confluence.The river in the study site is relatively
shallow and narrow.Under low discharge conditions,riffles developed on the
east side of the channel.Several holes are present on the west side of the
channel.Cover is provided along s10ping banks by debris and overhanging
vegetation.Substrate is composed of sand,silt and gravel.
Lower Delta Islands
The mainstem study site (Appendix EA,Figure EA-12)is located at the down-
stream side of the Delta Islands,at the confluence of center channel with the
mainstem Susitna River.The river from the west bank to mid-channel is
relatively wide,deep and fast flowing.There is a large debris jam present
on the west bank.The river in the vicinity of the east bank is re1atively
shallow and characterized by low velocities.A deep back eddy pool exists at
E-5-22
-
-
"""
the confluence.The west bank is sloping with overhanging vegetation pro-
viding cover.The east bank consists of a silt bar.The channel substrate
consists almost entirely of silt.Aside from water level fluctuations,the
site was relatively stable.The site was eliminated in mid-August for safety
reasons.Adult chinook and pink salmon have been observed in the study site.
Little Willow Creek
The study site (Appendix EA,Figure EA-13)is located at the confluence of
Little Willow treek with an east bank slough of the Susitna River (R.M.50.5).
The creek in the study area is 'a narrow (approximately 30 1 wide),meandering
clearwater stream,containing a relatively deep pool.Under high discharge
conditions,the substrate consisted almost entirely of silt.Under low
di scharge conditi ons,when the flow of the creek was no longer backed up by
the slough,velocities in the creek increased and the silt substrate was
replaced by sand.Cover is provided along sloping banks by debris and over-
hanging willows.Adult chinook,coho and chum salmon have been observed at
thi s site.
5.1.2.1.2 Sunshine Reach
(1)General description.
The Sunshine reach (Figure E.5.2)of the Susitna River extends from Rustic
Wilderness (R.M.58.1)to the Parks Highway Bridge (R.M.83.5).Ten general
habitat evaluation study sites were located within this reach.The Rabideux
.E-5-23
Creek site was eliminated due to logistical difficulties and establishment of
sites in four other tributaries of this reach.
codes of the study sites are presented below:
River miles and geographic
..
Study Site
Rustic Wilderness
Kashwitna River
Caswell Creek
Slough West Bank
Sheep Creek Slough Mouth
Goose Creek (Lower)1
Goose Creek (Lower)2
Mainstem West Bank
Montana Creek
Rabideux Creek
River Mile
58.1
61.0
63.0
65.6
.66.1
72.0
73.1
74.4
77.0
83.1
Geos raphi c Code
21N05W25CBD
21N05W13AAA
21N04W06BDD
22N05W27ADC
22N04W30BAB
23N04W31BBC
23N04W30BBB
23N05W13CCD
23N04W07ABA
24N05W16ADC
The reach varies in elevation from approximately 125 to 275 feet above mean
sea level and has an approximate gradient of 5.9 ft.mile (corresponding to a
150 foot drop in elevation over 25.4 river miles).This reach lies between
the foothills of the Talkeetna Mountains on the east and the marshy area below
the Alaska Range on the west.The river in the lower two thirds of this reach
is extensively braided with forested islands and non-forested bars between the
braids of the channel.The upper third of the reach narrows and the braiding
reduces until at the Parks Highway Bridge there is one channel.Above the
bridge the river begins to braid again.-l
~,
The Sunshine reach is the most accessible of the five study reaches.All of
the sites on the east side of the river are accessible by the present road
E-5-24
system.These roads are a combination of public and private and are e.ither
paved,gravel or four wheel drive trails.The sites on the west side are
accessible only by boat,helicopter andor snow machine.The Alaska Railroad
parallels the Susitna River throughout the reach at a distance of about 200 to
800 yards from the mainstem.Several private airstrips are present.
There are several homesites along this part of the river.The tributaries
entering from the east are popular salmon fishing areas with chinook taken in
the mid-summer and coho in the early fall.There is potential for future
agricultural development in this region:Very little hunting pressure was
observed.Recreational boating was associated with salmon fishing.
(2)Habitat Descriptions of General Habitat Study Locations in the Sunshine
,~
Reach.
Rustic Wilderness
-
.-
"'...
The Rustic Wilderness study site (Appendix EA,Figure EA-14)is located in an
east bank side channel of the Susitna River.It is located adjacent to a real
estate development of the same name.The dominant vegetation at this site is
spruce-birch forest with alder and willow present where the soil has been dis-
turbed.At high water,60-70%of the shoreline is densely vegetated.High
turbidity made determination of substrate difficult.The site was in a stable
area,with no significant change in habitat noted except the rise and fall of
water levels.
E-5-25
Kashwitna River
The Kashwitna River study site (Appendix EA,Figure EA-15)is located three
miles upstream from Rustic Wilderness,on the east bank of the Susitna River.
The Kashwitna River is a fast flowing,relatively stable meandering glacial
stream.The study site is located at the confluence of the stream with the
mainstem Susitna River.Under high discharges,the mouth of the stream
-divides into two channels separated by a gravel bar and an island.Only the
channel present during low discharges was sampled on a routine basis.Large
deposits of light colored,granular sand were observed deposited at the mouth
of a slough at the upper end of the site and on the bottom half of the gravel
bar separating the hi gh water channel s.The channel that was present only
duri ng periods of hi gh di scharges had bottom substrate of thi s same sand.
During periods of relatively high velocity,parts of the site maintained the
same deposits of large debris throughout the season,providing sources of
cover.Turbidity and overhanging riparian vegetation also provide sources of
cover.Logs a re embedded into the bank of the south side of the is 1and.
These logs protrude into the main channel providing cover.Adult coho and
pink salmon were observed in this study site.
Caswell Creek
,This study site (Appendix EAA,Figure EA-16)is located on the east bank of
the Susitna River at the confluence of Caswell Creek with the mainstem Susitna
River.The water in this creek is of lake and muskeg origin,resulting in its
brown appearance.The site is characterized by low velocities during high
stage conditions.The creek bottom was covered with silt until late in the
E-5-26
-
sampl ing season when the lowered stage and i nereased veloeities fl ushed the
silt from the channel exposing a gravel substrate.The banks were perpen-
dicular to the water surface and slightly undercut on the outside of the sharp
-bends.The creek,in the study site,can be characterized as relatively
stable and meandering with shrubs on the banks providing cover.Adult coho,
pink and sockeye salmon were observed in this site .
.-.
Slough -West Bank
Three study sites were established in a complex slough system on the west
bank of the Susitna River,and called Slough West Bank.The upper two study
sites were dropped because preliminary investigation determined that the lower
site woul d typify the habitat for thi s area.Li ttl e change was observed in
this site (Appendix EA,Figure EA-l7)until late summerearly fall when the
lowered discharge of the mainstem permitted a slight baekflow of the mainstem
Susitna River water into the slough.A bloom of algae was observed at that
time.Due to high turbidity,the substrate was not observable for most of the
season.Probing indicated the substrate to be primarily silt with embedded
gravel of undetermined size.During high discharges,overhanging riparian
vegetation provided cover along both banks.
Sheep Creek Slough
The study site (Appendix EA,Figure EA..,18)is located at the confluence of
Sheep Creek Slough and the mainstem Susitna River.Mainstem Susitna River
water is permitted through the head of this slough only under extremely high
discharge conditions.Even under these conditions,the influence of mainstem
E-5-27
water on the study site was minimal.Sheep Creek exerted the dominant water
influence on this site for the entire sampling season.The channel bottom was
silt laden throughout the entire sampling season.Overhanging riparian
vegetation provided cover along most of the north bank but was less extensive
on the southern bank,partially due to trampling by fishermen.Concurrent
with the low discharges at the end of the sampling season,a build up of sand
was observed at the confluence of the mainstem Susitna River and the slough.
Adult coho,chinook,pink and chum were observed at the study site.
Goose Creek (Lower)1
On the east side of the Susitna River,approximately six miles upstream from
the °mouth of Sheep Creek Slough,a study site (Appendix A,Figure 19)was
establ ished at the mouth of Goose Creek.Approximately 1-2 miles upstream
from the mouth of Goose Creek,a branch from Sheep Creek enters Goose Creek.
This results in the water at the mouth of Goose Creek to be a mixture of the
two water sources.Early in the sarnpl ing season a wedge of sand entered the
top of the site.The sand progressed rapidly downstream to cover the creek
bottom over the entire site.The lowered discharges and increased velocities
at the end of the season flushed the sand exposing a gravel substrate.The
mouth of the creek was stable in most respects.Adult coho, pink and chum
salmon were observed in this site.
Goose Creek (Lower)2
A second study site (Appendix EA,Figure EA-20)on Goose Creek is located
approximately one mile north of the main mouth of Goose Creek.This site is
E-5-28
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~,
~,
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-
--
....
-
located at the confluence of the mouth of a small braided channel off Goose
.Creek and a mainstem Susitna River slough.The creek substrate consists of
sand,which was deposited by the stream at the head of a large deep pool in
the slough.The stream water was slightly turbid for most of the season and
cleared at the end of the sampling season.The slough was turbid throughout
most of the sampling season.Once the mainstem Susitna River stage dropped at
the head of the slough,a gravel bar at the head of the slough blocked the
flow of mainstem Susitna River water entering the slough,allowing the slough
to clear.At the end of the sampling season,the mouth of the slough had a
riffle zone passing less than six inches of water.Cover in the stream
section is limited to riparian vegetation and a small amount of debris.Cover
in the slough is limited to a debris jam at the junction of the stream and the
slough,a deep pool and a few boulders.No significant change in the struc-
ture of the site was noted throughout the sampl ing season.Adult coho,pink
and chum salmon were observed in this site.
Mainstem -West Bank
Mainstem -West Bank is located 1.5 miles north of Goose 2,on the west bank
of the Susitna River.This study site (Appendix EA,Figure EA-21)is located
at the lower end of a complex slough system that is approximately two miles in
length and 0.5 nrile wide,including the islands and channels.The site was
turbid until it cleared toward the end of the sampling season when the dis-
charge of the Susitna River dropped,dewatering the head of the slough.A
gravel bar th'at divided the upper half of the site was submerged as the
discharge increased.Thin ice and low discharges were observed at the end of
the sampling season.Overhanging riparian vegetation was present along most
E-5-29
of the banks during high discharges.As the discharges decreased,the
vegetation provided cover only along the deeper west bank.At this time the
bottom was 100%gravel over most of the site.No adult salmon were observed
in this site.
Montana Creek
Two and a half miles north of the Mainstem-West Bank site,on the east bank of
the Susitna River,a study site was established at the mouth of Montana Creek
(Appendix EA,Figure EA-22).The channel shape and bedload at this site
appeared to be the most dynamic of the sites in the Sunshine reach.The upper
three-fourths of the site was low in turbidity throughout the entire sampling
season while the turbidity of the lower quarter was dependent on the influence
of the Susitna River.The geomorphology of the upper half of the site varied
mainly with the discharge of the creek,while in the lower half the channel
and substrate shifted as the discharge of the Susitna River varied.Cover
types were diverse at this site,including overhanging riparian vegetation
along both banks,scattered small pools,debris and isolated undercut banks.
The types of habitat available in the lower half of the site varied with the
level of the water.The substrate consisted mainly of gravel with some sand
present.The sand was deposited in areas of low velocities and between the
gravels of the bottom.Adult coho,chinook,pink,chum and sockeye salmon
were observed in this site.
E-5-30
....
~,
~.
5.1.2.1.3 Talkeetna Reach
(1)General description.
The Talkeetna reach (Figure E:5.3)encompasses the area along the Susitna
River between the Parks Highway Bridge (R.M.83.5)and Curry (R.M.120.7).
There are 11 general habitat evaluation study sites located in the Talkeetna
reach including:
Study Site
Mainstem 1
Sunshine Creek
Birch Creek Slough
Birch Creek
Cache Creek Slough
Cache Creek
Whiskers Creek Slough
Whi skers Creek
Slough 6A
Lane Creek
Mainstem 2
River Mi le
84.0
85.7
88.4
89.2
95.5
96.0
101.2
101.4
112.3
113.6
114.4
Geographic Code
24N05W10DCC
24N05W14AAB
25N05W25DCC
25N05W25ABD
26N05W35ADC
26N05W26DCB
26N05W03ADB
26N05W03AAC
28N05W13CAC
28N05W12ADD
28N04W06CAB
The Talkeetna reach can be divided into two distinct geomorphological areas;
the upper and lower areas.The confluence of the Susitna,Talkeetna and
Chulitna Rivers separates the upper and lower areas.The Susitna River in the
upper area is relatively straight to meandering with minimal braiding.The
approximate gradient of the upper area is 8.0 ft./mile (corresponding to a 175
foot drop in elevation over 22 miles).Typical substrate is gravel,rubble
E-5-31
and cobble with lesser quantities of sand,silt and boulders present.The
lower Susitna River portion,by comparison,is moderately braided.Silt is a
major substrate type with gravel and rubble present.The approximate gradient
over the lower area is 6.7 ft./miles (corresponding to a 100 foot drop in ele-
vation over 15 miles).The approximate gradient of the entire reach is 7.4
ft./mile.Vegetation over the entire reach is black spruce forest inter-
spersed with muskeg bogs,meadows,and stands of cottonwood,birch and aspen.
Access along this reach is limited.In the lower area,public access is
provided by unimproved roads into Cache and Sunshine Creeks and boat landings
at the Parks Highway Bridge and Talkeetna.Above Talkeetna,access is limited
to the railroad and other remote transportation means.Year-round and
seasonal homesites are located along the entire reach with year-round settle-
ments at Talkeetna,Cache Creek (R.M.96.0)and Chase.Recreational uses of
the river along this reach include hunting,fishing,boating,hiking and
camping.
(2)Description of general habitat study locations in the Talkeetna Reach.
Mainstem 1
Mainstem 1 (Appendix EA,Figure EA-23)is located at the confluence of
Sunshine Slough with the mainstem Susitna River.The mainstem Susitna River
has a major influence on the overall chemical and physical nature of the site.
The study site is a deep (15-25 feet)back eddy/pool type habitat.Sampling
gear placement was both on the steep east bank and an adjacent island.The
E-5-32
~,
-
.....
I '.1\
-
I~
substrate of the east bank is sand and silt interspersed with rubble,cobble
and large boul ders.Cover is provi ded along the steep bank by fallen and
overhanging trees.The island is predominantly silt.Shrubs occur above the
high water line and grasses provide cover along the gently sloping banks ..
Adult salmon that have been reported in the study site include chum,coho,
sockeye,chinook and pink salmon.
Sunshine Creek
The mouth of Sunshine Creek is located at two distinct sites depending on the
stage of Sunshine Slough (Appendix EA,Figure EA-24).Since the mouth of the
creek is the study site,two separate study areas are located at this general
habitat evaluation study site.Under high discharge conditions,the mouth of
Sunshine Creek is at an upper site.The upper area is a creek/slough
confluence system.The channel is relatively uniform in cross section
containing gravel and rubble overladen by 4-12 inches of silt and sand.Cover
is provided along the.sloping banks by ove'rhangtng trees and shrubs with
submerged vegetation present.All sampling gear placement was along the
northwest bank.The lower area is a slough/creek system that is predominately
influenced by Sunshine Creek during low discharge conditions and becomes a
branch of Sunshine Slough under high discharge conditions.This area is
sampled as the mouth of Sunshine Creek during periods of low discharge.The
stream at the lower area has a partially silted channel with gravel and rubble
present.Cover is provided along steep banks by overhanging and fallen trees.
The channel is partially obstructed by several log and debris jams.Adult
salmon that have been reported in the study site include coho and chinook
salmon.
E-5-33
Birch Creek Slough
The study site (Appendix EA,Figure EA-25)is located at the confluence of
Birch Creek Slough and the mainstem Susitna River.The primary influence on
this slough at the mouth ultimately depends on the stage of the mainstem
Susitna River at the head of Birch Creek Slough.During periods of low
mainstem Susitna River discharge,little or no flow passes through the head of
the slough,causing the primary influence of the slough at the mouth to be
dependent on Birch Creek.Under these conditions the water in the slough is
clear.During periods of high mainstem Susitna River discharge,flow enters
at the head of the slough.Under these conditions,the primary influence on
the slough at the mouth is dependent on the mainstem Susitna River.The
slough in the study site has a relatively uniform channel containing gravel
and rubble as substrate overladen by 6-12 inches of silt.Cover is provided
along steep banks by overhanging and fallen trees.Adult salmon that have
been reported in the study site include coho,chum,sockeye and pink salmon.
Birch Creek
The study site (Appendix EA,Figure EA-26)is located at the confluence of
Birch Creek and Birch Creek Slough.Under periods of high discharge,the site
is a pool type habitat.Cover is provided along sloping banks by overhanging
trees and shrubs and submerged vegetation.Under periods of low discharge,
riffles form in addition to the pools.The typical substrate in the study
area is gravel and rubble with sand and silt present.A seasonally used cabin
E-5-34
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-
,....
..-
....,
..-
is located at the mouth of the creek.Adult salmon that have been reported in
the study site include sockeye,coho,chum and pink salmon.
Cache Creek Slough
The study site (Appendix EA,Figure EA-27)is located at the confluence of.ot'
Cache Creek Slough and the mainstem Susitna River.Due to the proximity of
the site to the cdnfluence of the Chulitna and Susitna Rivers (so that
complete mixing of the rivers has not yet occurred)and its west bank
location,the site is heavily influenced by the Chulitna River.The slough in
the study site is braided with sand andsi1t bars present.Sand and si1t are
the major substrate types.Except during periods of very low discharge,at
which times the slough runs clear,the study area is primarily influenced by
slough water.Cover is provided along sloping banks by fallen and overhanging
trees and areas of submerged vegetation.Adult salmon that have been reported
in the study site include coho,chum,sockeye and pink salmon.
Cache Creek
The study site is (Appendix EA,Figure EA-28)located at ·the confluence of
Cache Creek and Cache Creek Slough.The portion of the creek in the study
site has low velocities.As a result,the dissolved oxygen levels fall below
saturation during the latter part of the salmon spawning runs.In addition,
specific conductances sharply rose during the spawning period.Cover is
provided by a broken beaver dam and fallen and overhanging trees along sloping
banks.Typical substrate is gravel and rubble overladen,in most areas,by
E-5-35
6-12 inches of sand and silt.Adult salmon that have been reported in the
study site include sockeye,coho,chum and pink salmon.
Whiskers Creek Slough
The study site (Appendix EA,Figure EA-29)is located at the confluence of
Whiskers Creek Slough and the mainstem Susitna River.The primary influence
on this slough depends on the stage of the mainstem Susitna River at the head
of Whiskers Creek Slough.During periods of low mainstem Susitna River
discharge,little to no flow enters the slough,causing the primary influence
of the slough at the mouth to be dependent on Whi skers Creek.Under these
conditions the slough runs clear.During periods of high mainstem Susitna
River discharge,flow is permitted through the slough.Under these conditions
the primary influence on the slough is dependent on the mainstelll Susitna
River.The slough in the study site is wide and shallow with a relatively
uniform cross section.Substrate is gravel,rubble and cobble with boulders
present.Extensive areas of the bed are covered with silt.Cover along the
sloping banks is limited,except for isolated areas of submerged vegetation.
Adult 'salmon that have been reported·in the study site include coho and
chinook salmon.
Whiskers Creek
The study site (Appendix EA,Figure EA-30)is located at the confluence of
Whiskers Creek and Whiskers Creek Slough.Whiskers Creek in the study area is
a relatively narrow,meandering stream containing many riffles and pools.
Cover is provided along sloping banks by overhanging and fallen trees and
E-5-3&
shrubs and areas of submerged vegetation.Typical substrate in the bed is
"...gravel and 'rubble partially silted over in areas.Aquati"c vegetation is
present in the channel.Adult salmon that have been reported in the study-site include coho and chinook salmon.
Slough 6A -,\
The study site (Appendix EA,Figure EA-31)is located at the confluence of
Slough 6A and the mainstem Susitna River.The slough receives very little
mainstem Susitna River influence due to a series of beaver dams crisscrossing
the slough between its head and mouth.The slough i"n the study area is a
relatively quiescent,muskeg influenced system having a relatively deep
uniformly shaped channel.Typi ca 1 bed substrate is si lt interspersed with
boulders,organic debris and aquatic vegetation.Cover is provided along
sl opi ng banks by overhangi ng trees and shrubs and submerged vegetati on,
boulders and debris.Adult salmon that have been reported in the study site
include chum salmon.
Lane Creek
The study site (Appendix EA,Figure EA-32)is located at the confluence of
Lane Creek and the mainstem Susitna River.The creek in the study site is
dynamic,constantly undergoing change in bed structure and geomorphology.The
,.....
creek is a re1 ative1y narrow,shall ow,fast runni ng,c1 earwater stream
containing many pools and riffles.Typical substrate in the creek bed is
gravel,rubble and cobble with sand,silt and boulders present in areas.
E-5-37
Aquatic vegetation is present in the channel.Cover is provided by
-
-
overhanging shrubs and trees,submerged vegetati on and i sol ated boul ders.
Adult salmon that have been reported in the study site include chinook,chum
and pink salmon.
Mainstem 2
The study site (Appendix EA,Figure EA-33)is located on the east bank of the
mainstem Susitna River,at the mouth of a side channel.During periods of low
mainstem Susitna River discharge,the head of the side channel dewaters
causing a large backeddy to form in the upper segment of the study area.The
study area has several sand/silt and gravel,rubble and cobble bars.Under.
high discharge conditions,cover is provided by overhanging and fallen trees
along a cutbank.Under low discharge conditions,the entire area contains
gravel,rubble and cobble substrate,with riffle zones present.Adult salmon
that have been reported in the study site include chinook,coho,pink,chum
and sockeye salmon.
5.1.2.1.4 Gold Creek Reach
(1)General description.
The Gold Creek reach (Figure E.5.4)of the Susitna River extends from Curry
(R.M.120.7 -elevation 507.6 feet above MSL)to Portage Creek (R.M.148.8 -
elevation 820.9 feet above MSL)and encompasses 28.1 river miles.The river
forms a single main channel although several small islands and gravel bars
divide the river in areas.Depending on the river stage,2-3 feet standing
E-5-38
,~
~,
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....,
waves are present in several places.Substrate varies from silt to bedrock
with the maJority of mainstem shoreline substrate being rubble and cobble.
The major substrate of sloughs and slow water areas is silt.River elevation
drops 313.4 feet in 28.1 river miles corresponding to an approximate gradient
of 11.2 ft./mile.
In the upper portion of this reach the river flows west.The banks are steep
thus having good drainage and support a dense spruce/hardwood forest.Below
Gold Creek (R.M.136.7)the river bends to flow south.Vegetation and banks
rema ins i mi 1ar.
Four principal tributaries empty into the Susitna River within this reach;
Fourth of July Creek,Gold Creek,Indian River and Portage Creek.They are
generally turbulent and their channels at the Susitna River confluence exhibit
noticeable changes in physical character as discharges vary.
Access to this area is limited.The Alaska RaiTroad follows the river closely
from Curry to Indian River.The stretch of the Susitna River above Indian
River is access"ible only by helicopter or boat.There is an unpaved runway
for landing fixed wing aircraft near the Gold Creek Bridge.A gold dredge is
operated on Gold Creek not far above the confluence with the Susitna River.
Many of the local residents hunt and fish in this area.Homesites dot the
entire stretch with small year round settlements near Sherman (R.M.130.8)and
Gold Creek (R.M.136.7).
E-5-39
,~
Twelve general habitat evaluation sites are located in the Gold Creek reach:
Study Site River Mil e Geographic Code
~
Mainstem Susitna -Curry 120.7 29N04WI0BCD
Susitna Side Channel 121.6 29N04WIIBBB
~
Mainstem Susitna -Gravel Bar 123.8 30N04W26DDD
Slough 8A 125.3 30N03W30BCD
~4th of July Creek 131.1 30N03~v03DAC
Slough 10 133.8 31N03W36AAC
Slough 11 135.3 31N02~v19DDD
Mainstem Susitna -Inside Bend 136.9 31N02W17CDA
Indian River 138.6 31N02W09CDA ...",
Slough 20jWaterfall Creek 140.1 31N02WIIBBC
Mainstem Susitna.Island 146.9 32NOIW27DBC
Portage Creek 148.8 32N01W25CDB
(2)Habitat descriptions of general habitat locations in the Gold Creek
Reach.
Mainstem Susitna -Curry (Su-Curry)
The lowest study site within this reach is a mainstem Susitna River eddy
opposite Curry.The study site (Appendix EA,Figure EA-34)is approximately
500 feet upriver from Curry and on the west bank of the Susitna River.Steep
sha 1e $trewn banks support dense overhangi ng alders and wi 11 ows.The lower
portion of the study area consists of large chunks of shale on the west bank
and gravel and rubble on the'bar.Due to a bend in the river above the sample
E-5-40
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-
site,eddies are constantly forming.Substrate at the upper portion of the
study site is mainly sand and silt.Build up and shifting of sand'and silt
occurred.Ground water percolated up from the bed in several of these sandy
~areas.Water clarity was influenced by the Susitna River.Under low
I
I
discharge conditions,when the Susitna River no longer entered the study area
from above,the sampl e si tewas reduced to a narrow in 1et.Under these con-
ditions,the direction of flow reversed 180 0
•Adult chum salmon have been
reported at the study site.
Susitna Side Channel (Su-Side Channel)
,-
The study site (Appendix EA,Figure EA-35)in this mainstem Susitna River side
channel/cut bank is lqcated one mile above Curry on the east bank of the
Susitna River.The railroad closely parallels the bank at the lower end of
this site.As floods began eroding the bank in July,1981,large boulders
were moved in by railroad personnel to stabilize the area.This altered the
bank and substrate of the lower 75 feet of the site~Depending on discharge,
the soil cut bank varied from 1-4 feet high and was undercut in several
pl aces.The bank supported a dense growth of overhangi ng ferns,hemlock,
alder and willow.Substrate varied from soil and silt to gravel and rubble.
Many debris piles and fallen trees occurred along the shoreline and caused
numerous small eddies and slack water ~reas.A clear narrow slough empties
into the mainstem from the east bank several yards above the site.Specific
conductance measurements were rarely stable because the clear and turbid
waters had not yet mixed.Adult chum salmon have been reported in the study
site.
E-5-41
Mainstem Susitna -Gravel Bar (Su-Gravel Bar)
This study site (Appendix EA,Figure EA-36),which is'located one mile below
Slough 8A,is a large,exposed gravel bar at the lower tip of an island that
separates the Susitna River main channel from a side channel.Substrate
within the sample area consists of sand,gravel and combinations thereof.
Sampl ing occurred on the west side of the gravel bar.The mainstem Susitna
River water is fast flowing with several small eddies along the shore.As
discharge increased,the gravel bar became submerged.During these periods,
sampling occurred at the lower tip of the aforementioned island.Sampling
gear was placed along a 3-4 foot high cut sand bank that supported overhanging
alders.Water at this location was shallow and slow"moving.Substrate was
100%sand and shifted radically in high water.At the upper (east)end of the
bank,ground water percolated up and,when the channel to this site was cut
off by shifting sands,springs were visible.The trapped water was clear
exhibiting relatively high specific conductances and dissolved oxygen levels
below saturation.Adult chum salmon have been reported in the study site.
Slough 8A
Slough 8A (Appendix EA,Figure EA-37)is a calm,relatively shallow,murky
slough.The substrate is mostly sand except at the upper end of the sample
area where two branches of clear water flow over gravel,rubble and cobble.A
thin silt layer covered the rocks in low to medium water levels.The lower
mud banks ~f the slough are covered with grass and equisetum;further from the
water the banks are covered with dense willows,alders and cottonwoods.The
E-5-42
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-,
~,
~'
-
turbidity of the slough varied with precipitation and the flux of mainstem
Susitna River water entering at the head of the slough.Adult salmon that
have been reported in the study site include coho,chum and sockeye salmon.
4th of July Creek
At 4th of July Creek (Appendix EA,Figure EA-38)sampling was conducted both
in the creek and in the mainstem Susitna River to a point 500 feet below the
mouth.The geomorphology of the creek from the mouth to a poi nt 200 feet
upstream changed radfta11y throughout the sampling season.Deposits of
shifting gravel and rubble in and above the mouth caused drastic rerouting of
creek channels.A large log jam occurred 100 feet above the mouth after the
first heavy rainstorm of the summer.Several deep holes existed in the creek
at the beginning of the summer.After the discharge dropped,the deep holes
were filled by gravel,leveling the bed.The substrate of the mainstem
Susitna River area sampled is mostly gravel and rubble.The banks are fairly
flat and support dense growths of willows,alders,and cottonwoods.Several
minor creek channels empty into the mainstem throughout the study area.The
mainstem water is turbid,but along the shore,water flows clearer due to the
creek's influence immediately upstream.Adult salmon that have been reported
at the study site include pink,chinook and coho salmon.
Slough 10
Slough 10 (Appendix EA,Figure EA-39)is a deep slow water slough with two
water sources:a clear tributary from the north and a narrow Susitna River
side channel from the northeast.At low water discharges,the Susitna River
E-5-43
side channel exhibits greatly reduced inflow.The sample area became less
turbid under these conditions.The west bank is steep with bedrock outcrops.
The east bank is a large sand and gravel bar that supports a sparse growth of
young willows and alders.The east bank of the clearwater tributary is flat
with dense brush.Substrate varies from sand to silt.When water levels were
in a state of flux,the san<;l and silt shifted radically within the site and
became 1ike quick sand.When'the discharge dropped,a sand bar (70 x 150
feet)formed at the confluence of the clearwater and silty slough water.From
the sand bar to the upper sample site boundary,specific conductance measure-
ments were unstable.Adult chinook and chum salmon have been reported in the
study site.
Slough 11
Slough 11 (Appendix EA,Figures EA-40)is relatively stable.The west bank,4
- 8 feet high,is flat and supports a dense growth of alders.The east bank
is 30 feet steep with birch and spruce trees.The lower section of Slough 11
is relatively wide,with slow moving water.Substrate is silt.The upper
area is narrow and riffled in places.Substrate varies from sand,gravel and
rubble to boulders (10 -13 inches).As discharges dropped toward the end of
this sampling season a large mud bar formed across the mouth of the slough and
Susitna River confluence.Adult salmon that have been reported in the study
site include coho,chum and sockeye salmon.
E-5-44
Mainstem Susitna -Inside Bend (Su-Gold)
The inside bend study site (Appendix EA,Figure EA-41)located 0.5 mile above
the Gold Creek Bridge is on a mainstem Susitna island.Sampling occurred on
the lower west side of the island.The mainstem Susitna River flowed fast,
deep,and turbid near this site.The shore of the study area is a raised
sand,gravel,rubble and cobble bank.Under high discharge conditions the
bank was flooded causing shifting of the bank substrate.Under extremely low
discharges,a gravel bar surfaced extending across the east channel of the
Susitna River almost to the east bank.Adult chinook salmon have been
reported in the study site.
Indian River
Sampling at Indian River was conducted from the mouth to a point approximately
500 feet upstream and along the mainstem Susitna River 200 feet downriver from
the mouth (Appendix EA,Figure EA-42).The mouth of Indian River was dynamic,
constantly undergoing change in bed structure and geomorphology.Deadfa 11 and '
debris were deposited on gravel bars throughout the area of the mouth
dependi ng on channel routing.Water flowed both deep and fast,and shallow
and slow.Substrate varied from sand to gravel and rubble.Susitna River
water below the Indian River mouth varied in turbidity as the two bodies of
water had not mixed completely.Adult salmon that have been reported in the
study site include coho,chinook and chum salmon.
E-5-45
Slough 20
Slough 20 (Appendix EA,Figure EA-43)contains diverse habitat.During medium
to high Susitna River discharges,the mainstem Susitna River feeds the head of
the slough at the upper end of the study site.A small clearwater tributary
empties into the slough 250 feet from the head of the s.lough.Also,several
nearby springs feed into the slough.Midway along the slough,Waterfall Creek
empties into it on the southeast bank.The study area contains deep pools,
deep slow moving water,shallow riffles,and water trickling through gravel,
rubble and cobble substrate.Substrates consists of sand,gravel,rubble,
cobble and combinations thereof.Under clearwater conditions,a thin layer of
glacial flour film was visible over the rubble and cobble areas.Both banks
a re vegetated by dense wi 11 ows and alders or dense cottonwoods and alders.
Bank heights vary from 0-4 feet.At the slough mouth,banks consist of sand
gravel and rubble.Adult chum and sockeye salmon were observed milling in the
small clearwater tributary at the head of the slough.
Mainstem Susitna'-Island (Su-Island)
The mainstem Susitna River island study site (Appendix EA,Figure EA-44)
located two miles below Portage Creek is relatively stable.Both sides of the
western tip of the island were sampled.The island is approximately 400 feet
in width at the widest point of the study area.During low discharges,the
wes tern tip of the is 1and is a 1a rge sand ba r.Both north and south banks
contain rubble and cobble.Vegetation on the island consists of dense stands
E-5-46
~-)
of alders.Although both mainstem Susitna River channels flow relatively
-fast,deep,wide and turbid,during low discharges the south channel appeared
•to be the main channel.
Portage Creek
.....
.....
.~
Portage Creek (Appendix EA,Figure EA-45)is the uppermost general habitat
evaluation study site sampled within this reach.Study area extends 475 feet
upstream from the creek mouth,380 feet down the Susitna from the creek mouth,
and 100 feet up the Sus i tna from the creek mouth.The creek wi dth at the
mouth is approximately 250 feet in medium to high discharges.The relatively
high steep·banks are densely vegetated with birch and alder.The creek
OCCLipi es one channel until it reaches two main ba rs that are present at the
mouth.Depending on the discharge of the creek,the two bars split into
several smaller bars causing a delta to form.Substrate shifted as the
geomorphology of the mouth changed.The substrate is composed of gravel in
the mainstem and near the mouth,and rubble and cobble in the creek and on the
highest part of the bars.The creek in the study area is rapid,clear,and
relatively deep (3 - 5 feet).Mainstem Susitna River water flow above the
creek forms a turbid eddy.Mainstem SusitnaRiver water below the mouth does
not yet mix with the creek-water,causing variable turbidities.Adult chinook
salmon have been reported at this study site •
(3)Special studies -helicopter surveys of Indian River and Portage Creek.
Three sites each along upper Indian River and upper Portage Creek were sampled
for general habitat evaluation studies.Sampling was conducted via helicopter
E-5-47
in early June,late August,and early October 1981.Sampl ing was not con-
ducted in July and August due to bad weather conditions.Sites I and II (the _
lower of the three sites)of both tributaries remained at the same locations
during each sample period.Sites IlIon both Indian River and Portage Creek
were relocated after the initial sampling period.
Tributary miles and geographical codes of sampling locations are shown in -
Table E.5.2.
Table E.5.2.Special study sites in the Gold Creek reach.
TRIBUTARY ~
HABITAT LOCATION MILE GEOGRAPHICAL CODE
'""'"Indian River
Site 1 2.7 32N 02W 28 DOC
Indian River ~
Site 2 7.2 32N 02W 11 DCC
Indian River ~
Site 3A -June 1981 13.5 33N 01W 27 DCC
Site 3B -Aug.&Oct.1981 12.0 32N 01W 04 BAS
Portage Creek
Site 1 4.5 32N OlE 08 CSA
~
Portage Creek
Site 2 9.2 33N OlE 26 DOC
II!IQiiI
Portage Creek a 22S~08W 34 DCCSite3A-June 1981 15.6 bSite3B-Aug.&Oct.1981 15.5 22S 08W 28 BAB ""~
a East ForkbNorthfork ~
c Fairbanks Meridian
E-5-48 -
"'"
-
..-
I
•Indian I
Site I is the lowest of the three sample sites on the upper Indian River.The
river in the lower 400 feet of this site forms a single channel.The river in
the upper 400 feet contains two small gravel bars that become bank extensions
under low discharge conditions.This shallow clearwater river flows fast over
a gravel,rubble and cobble substrate.The east bank is steep and densely
vegetated with spruce,birch,and cottonwood.The west bank is flat with
similar vegetation.A small side channel (approximately 12 feet in width)
rejoins the main channel at the lower site boundary.Thi s channel was dry
when the site was visited in October.
Indi an II
Indian River at site II forms a single,shallow channel with fast flowing
clearwater over a rubble and cobble substrate.A bar (approximately 100 feet
in length)divides the channel midway up the site.A small creek empties into
the river at the east bank above the bar.Both river banks are densely
populated with overhanging willows and alders.During.low discharges,riffles
appeared along this stretch of the river.
Indian III
The June location of site III differed from the August and October location.
When sampling in August and October,the June study site could not be located .
E-5~49
Thus a new representative site was establ ished nearby ..At the latter site,
the channel is braided and meandering.Both banks are low and vegetated.
Mid-channel bars lack vegetation,but have debris pile ups.Substrate is
gravel and rubble.At the upper end of the site,slow water from an upstream
beaver dam empties into the river.This water source is clear with a
red-brown tint.Substrate in this area is silt of a non-glacial origin.
Fallen trees and brush piles are scattered along the mud banks of the slow
water area.
Portage Creek I
The lowest site (I)on Portage Creek has two side channels to the east of the
main channel.In the main channel and nearest side channel,water is fast
flowing.The substrate consists of rubble and cobble.The farthest of the
channels has slow moving water with several clear pools.This channel
appeared to have been dammed below the study site by beaver.Banks are low in
relief with dense brush.
Portage Creek II
Portage Creek at site II has a fairly straight,main channel with two side
channels present.Flows are fast and uniform over a rubble and cobble
substrate.Low discharges in October dewatered the middle channel.The
depths of the east channel varied from three feet to less than a foot.Banks
are steep with bedrock outcrops.
E-5-50
'"""
Portage Creek III
,~
Site IlIon Portage Creek was the uppermost sit~sampled on this tributary.
Because of a waterfall below the original site III,the site was relocated
from the east fork to the north fork of Portage Creek.The latter site III
includes two small side channels;one on either side of the main channel.
Substrate is predominantly gravel,rubble and cobble.Small pools in the west
channel contain some sand substrate.Willow and alder provide bank cover.
5.1.2.1.5 Impoundment Reach
(1)General description.
The upper Susitna Ri ver from Devi 1 Canyon to the Oshetna Ri ver is a remote
wilderness area of high aesthetic and recreational value.Mountainous terrain
dominates the area with elevations ranging from 1000 feet near the basin floor
of Devil Canyon to over 6000 feet on various mountain peaks in the area.The
landscape varies from treeless alpine tundra at higher elevations to low lying
areas dominated by black spruce interspersed with muskeg bogs.Occasional
stands of cottonwood,birch and aspen are often found throughout the a rea,
especially at lower elevations.Access to the area is limited mostly to
aircraft however,portions are also accessible by boat launched at the Denali
Highway Bridge ..Kayakers have been known to float this entire reach through
Devil Canyon.
The watershed of the Susitna River above Devil Canyon includes several major
F""tributari'es of glacial origin.These streams carry a heavy load of glacial
E-5-51
Ii
flour during ice-free months.There are also many smaller tributaries which
normally run clear year round.The Susitna River from Devil Canyon to the
Oshetna River can be divided into two distinct geomorphological regions:
Portage Creek to Fog Creek and Fog Creek to Oshetna River.The river between
Portage Creek and Fog Creek forms one channel which lies in a deep valley
along most of this route.The average gradient is approximately 20 ft./mile.
From Fog Creek to the Oshetna River the channel is wider and often splits into
two or more channels with an average gradient of approximately 12 ft./mile.
~.
-
~,
According to a 1977 report by the Alaska District"of the Army Corps of
Engineers (1977)with updated surface elevations information provided by Acres
American (personal communication;Gill,1982)the two proposed impoundments in '""1
this area would inundate approximately 80 miles of the main river with a total
surface area of about 50,500 acres.This would include that portion of the
Susitna River from the proposed Devil Canyon dam site (R.M.152.0)to a point
approximately four miles upstream from the Oshetna River (R.M.231.0).The
proposed Devi 1 Canyon dam woul d create an impoundment 28 mil es long with a
surface area of 7,550 acres.The maximum probable flood elevation is pro-
""'"
jected at 1466 feet msl with a normal operating pool level of 1455 feet msl.
The proposed Watana Dam (R.M.182.0)would create an impoundment that would
extend for 54 mil es and cover 43,000 acres.The maximum probable flood
elevation of this impoundment is projected at 2,202 feet msl with a normal
operating pool level of 2,185 msl.
Due to the inaccessibility of the Devil Canyon area,and the lack of suitable
fisheries habitat,the study area was limited to that section of the Susitna
River from Fog Creek to the Oshetna River.Eight habitat locations were
E-5-52
~,
~
I
-
--
chosen within this area for general habitat evaluation studies.These sites
were located on the eight major tributaries in the proposed impoundment area.
The selection of these sites was based on preliminary studies done in 1977 by
the Alaska Department of Fish and Game for the U.S.Fish and Wildlife Service
(ADF&G,1977).These general habitat evaluation study sites,along with their
respective river mile and geographic code,are presented in Table E.5.3.
A11 study sites wi thi n the impoundment reach are 500 feet in 1ength with
alternating 500 foot non-study areas in between (Figure E.5.6).The initial
site at a general habitat evaluation location is always located at the mouth
ofa particular tributary and successive sites are numbered upstream to a
point not exceeding 4500 feet.This procedure essentially covers the lower
mile of each tributary.In most cases there are a maximum of five study
sites within each general habitat evaluation location.However,in some areas
it was not possible or necessary to have the maximum number of sites.In
these cases fewer sites were utilized.
Study sites were sampled on a monthly basis.However,various logistical
problems and adverse weather sometimes interfered with this schedule.In
add'ition to the regular sites listed in Table £.5.3,Sally Lake was sampled
for basic water qual ity data one time over the course of thi s season.Thi s
data is presented in Appendix EB,Table EB-54.
Access to all general habitat evaluation locations required initial helicopter
support.Where possible,rafts were used to gain access between areas.
E-5-53
-
l::o-,-
~
to
~
S-
O
C.
<n
C
to
S-
~
s..
~
""0
<:UVl ...
:::::I
<n
~.
4-
~-
Table E.5.3.General habitat evaluation sites in the Impoundment reach.
~#of
Stream
#of Approximate Miles
River Study Elevation To Be
Habitat Location Mile Sites At Mouth Inundated Gegraphic Code
*Fog Creek 173.9 3 1380 0.7 31N 04E 16 DBB
*Tsusena Creek 178.9 1 1460 mouth only 32N 04E 36 ADB
Deadman Creek 183.4 2 1510 2.3 32N 05E 26 COB
Watana Creek 190.4 5 1590 9.0 32N 06E 25 CCA
Kosina Creek 202.4 5 1690 4.0 31N 08E 15 BAB
Jay Creek 203.9 5 1710 3.0 31N 08E 13 BCC
Goose Creek (Upper)224.9 5 2030 1.5 30N l1E 32 DBC
Oshetna River 226.9 5 2050 2.0 30N 11 E 34 CCD
*Fog and Tsusena creeks are located in Devil Canyon impoundment.Rema i ni ng
r-six tributaries are in Watana impoundment.
,....
,
E-5-55
-
-
-
....."I
/
/
/
/
I
/
I
I
I
I
/
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
/
//
//
/
/
/
/
/
I
I,
\,
'......
RiverSusitnO
II Sampling Site
--Proposed Impoundment Elevation
Figure E,5.6.Sampling design used in the Impoundment study reach.-
E-5-56
"""
,.".,
-
-
Individual study sites were reached by hiking upstream from the mouth of each
tributary.Remote areas in the upper sections of selected streams also
required helicopter support.
(2)Descriptions of general habitat study locations in the Impoundment Reach.
Fog Creek
Fog Creek is located at river mile 173.9 on the ~outh side of the Susitna
River and is approximately 23 miles upstream from the proposed Devil Canyon
Dam.The stream would be inundated to a point approximately 0.7 miles up-
stream by the proposed impoundment.Three study sites (Appendix EA,Figures
EA-46 -EA-48)were established in the lower 2500 feet of the stream.
This clearwater stream is relatively narrow and shallow with widths ranging
from 50-75 feet and average depths of 1-2 feet.The stream habitat is
predominantly riffle with few pools and little cover present.Substrate
consists mostly of rubble and cobble.Most of the study area consists of one
stable channel except for the lower 500 feet where it becomes braided.Duril'Jg
peri ods of hi gh di scharge,many backwater areas were present.The stream
channel at the mouth was dynamic during the season due to the fluctuating
discharges of both the Susitna River and Fog Creek.
E-5-57
Tsusena Creek
Tsusena Creek is located at river mile 178.9 on the north side of the Susitna
River and lies approximately 28 miles upstream from the propose?Devil Canyon
Dam.Only the mouth of this stream will be affected by the proposed impound-
ment since it lies near the projected Devils Canyon impoundment elevation of
1455 feet.Therefore,only one study site (Appendix EA,Figure EA-49)was ""'"
.
established at this location.
The study site consists of a split channel with two distinct habitat types.
The east channel which is wide and fast-flowing is approximately 100 feet wide
with average depths of 2-4 feet.This section is characterized by riffles and -
whitewater areas with no prominent pool s or cover available.Substrate
consisted of cobble and large boulders.The west channel was'between 25-50
feet wide with average depth of 1-2 feet.This channel consisted of alter-
nating pool/riffle areas with some cover available along the bank.Substrates
consists of gravel and rubble.Both stream channels were stable and the
water remained extremely clear despite heavy rains during the summer.The
split channel resulted in the for-mation of two mouths with a large gravel bar
separating them.This area was dynamic throughout the season and was often
inundated by the high water of the Susitna.
Deadman Creek
Deadman Creek is located at river mile 183.4 on the north side of the Susitna .
River and lies approximately one mile upstream from the proposed Watana Dam.
Approximately 2.3 stream miles would be inundated by the proposed impoundment.
E-5-58 ~,
r
Because of,a deep canyon and large waterfall past the first half mile,access
to this area was limited and only two study sites (Appendix EA,Figures
EA-50 -EA-51)were established in the first 1500 feet of stream.
The study area of Deadman Creek is an extremely fast and turbulent whitewater
area with a relatively steep gradient resulting in few pools and little cover.
A large waterfall,which is presently a barrier to fish migration,is located
approximately 1.0 mile upstream from the mouth.The stream channel below the
falls is stable and is situated in a deep canyon for most of this length.
Channel widths are between 75-100 feet and average depths are 3-5 feet.
Substrates consist mostly of cobble and boulder.Above the falls stream
gradient is not as steep and many pools are present.The proposed impoundment
would inundate the waterfall and allow fish migration between Deadman Lake,
approximately 10 miles upstream,and the Susitna River.
WatanaCreek
Watana Creek is located at river mile 190.4 on the north side of the Susitna
River and is approximately eight miles upstream from the proposed Watana Dam.
About 9.0 stream miles would be inundated by the proposed impoundment.Five
study sites (Appendix EA,Figures EA-51 -EA-56)were established in the lower
4500 feet of stream.Due to high water and steep terrain study sites 4 and 5
were inaccessible after the month of June.
Watana Creek is a shallow meandering stream approximately 40-60 feet wide with
depths averaging 2-3 feet.It has a shallow gradient resulting in a moderate
flow with few pools interspersed between the predominent riffle areas.The
E-5-59
'.,
substrate consists mostly of gravel and rubble.The water was often turbid
during the summer because of heavy rains and unstable soils present upstream.
The stream channel itself was stable and did not appear to shift except at the
mouth where a dynamic multi-channel system was present during periods of high
flow.During low discharge periods only one main channel was present at the
mouth.
Kosina Creek
Kosina Creek is located at river mile 202.4 on the south side of the Susitna
River and lies approximately 20 miles upstream from the proposed Watana Dam.
About 4.0 stream miles would be jnundated by the proposed impoundment.Five
study sites (Appendix EA~Figures EA-57 -EA-61)were established in the lower
4500 feet of stream.
Kosina Creek is a deep and turbulent stream which is predominantly whitewater
interspersed with deep pools and shallower riffle areas which provide excel-
lent fish habitat.Average depths are 3-4 feet but there are several pools
which exceed 6-8 feet in depth.Substrates consist mostly-of sand~large
cobble and boulders.The stream channel is stable and is situated in a narrow
valley with a moderate gradient.It is often braided with total widths
frequent 1y ove r 200 feet.Asp 1it channel res ulted -j n the fo rma t i on of two
mouths approximately 150 feet apart with a large tree covered island separ-
ating them.The west channel ~which is the larger of the two~is predomi-
nantly whitewater and is about 125 feet wide.The east channel is slow
flowing and shallow with alternating pool/riffle areas.
E-5-60
~,
.....
-
Jay Creek
Jay Creek is located at river mile 203.9 on the north side of the Susitna
River and 1 ies approximately 22 miles upstream of the proposed Watana Dam.
About 3.0 stream miles would be inundated by the proposed impoundment.Five
study sites (Appendix EA,Figures EA-62 -EA-66)were established in the lower
~4500 feet of stream •.,
-
Jay Greek is a relatively narrow,shallow stream predominantly riffle with a
moderate flow.-It is between 40-60 feet wide with depths averaging 1-3 feet.
Substrate consists of gravel,cobble and rubble often embedded in sand.
Although the water is generally clear,unstable soils in upstream areas often
result in landslides which can change the water toa turbid condition within
minutes.The stream channel itself is stable.The channel splits about 100
feet from the Sus itna resulti ng in two di stinct mouths.These mouths are
influenced by the changing water level of the Susitna but the effects are
minimal.
Jay Creek Slough
-
Jay Creek Slough is located at river mile 204.0 on the north side of the
-Susitna River and lies approximately 22 miles upstream of the proposed Watana
Dam.The enti re slough woul d be inundated by the proposed impoundment.
Although this slough was not designated as a habitat evaluation site,it was
surveyed twice during the summer after initial sampling revealed that large
numbers of juvenile fish appear to utilize the slough as summer rearing
-habitat.
E-5-61
.......
.s -,
ItI.--
0..
E-5-62 -
Jay Creek Slough is a small,spring-fed system which enters the Susitna River
approximately 600 feet above the mouth of Jay Creek.It extends approximately
2500 feet from the Susitna River to its spring-fed source (Plate 7).The
slough consists of one main channel 5-10 feet wide with average depths of 1-3
feet.The substrate in the lower 1000 feet of the slough consists mostly of
mud and silt.In the upper areas more rock is exposed and the substrate
consists of gravel and cobble embedded in mud and silt.During periods of low
precipitation the water is clear and flows are negligible.With increasing
preci pitati on the water can become extremely turbid.Infl uence from the main
Susitna is minimal except during periods of extremely high flows when it may
flow through the slough.
Goose Creek (Upper)
Goose Creek is located at river mile 224.9 on the south side of the Susitna
River and 1ies approximately 43 miles upstream from the proposed Watana Dam.
About 1.5 stream miles would be inundated by the proposed impoundment.Five
study sites (Appendix EA,Figures EA-67 -EA-71)were established in the lower
4500 feet of stream.
Goose Creek is a narrow,shallow stream approximately 40-60 feet wide with
average depths of 2-3 feet.The habitat is predominantly riffle with a
moderate flow and few pools.Substrate consists of rubble,cobble and
boulders often embedded in sand.The stream channel and banks are stable and
the water usually remains clear even during periods of moderate rains.The
discharge of Goose Creek fluctuated considerably depending on rainfall.This
E-5-63
I I I
would often result in the formation of a braided channel at the mouth.The
mouth was also influenced significantly.by the water level of the Susitna --
River.During periods of high discharge,large amounts of silt and sand were
deposited at the mouth only to be washed away by the waters of Goose Creek
after the water level of the Susitna had receded....,..
Oshetna River
The Oshetna Ri ver is located at ri ver mil e 226.9 on the s,outh si de of the
Susitna River and 1 ies approximately 45 miles upstream from the 'proposed
Watana Dam.About 2.0 stream miles would be inundated by the proposed
impoundment.Five study sites (Appendix EA,Figures EA-72 -EA-76)were
established in the lower 4500 feet of stream.
The Oshetna River is a large,meandering stream approximately 100-125 feet
wide with average depths of 3-5 feet.Streamflow is slow to moderate with
alternating pool/riffle areas which provide excellent fish habitat.Substrate
consists mostly of rubble and cobble with some large boulders.The stream
channel is stable throughout the study area and contains many large gravel
bars.This stream is partially under glacial influence and the water was
often turbid even during periods of dry weather.
E-5-64
.....
-
5.1.2.2 Physiochemical Data for Each General Habitat Evaluation Study
"..,.Site
Dissolved oxygen,pH,water and air temperatures,turbidity and specific
conductance were measured twi ce monthly at each general habitat eva 1uati on
study site,except in the Impoundment reach,where these parameters were
measured monthly.The data are presented for each site in a graphical format
versus specific points in time (Figures E.5.7-E.5.89).The data are also-presented in tabular form in Appendix EB,Table EB-1 -EB-92.
5.1.2.3 Thermograph 'Data
Water temperature data were continually recorded at 29 sites in the study area
(Figure E.5.90,Table E.5.4)using Ryan Model J-90 thermographs.The data
were converted into daily means,calculated as the mean of 12,two hour point
temperatures.The temperature data for each thermograph site are presented as
a function of time (Figures E.5.94 E.5.113;Appendix EC,Tables
EC-1 -EC-23).
5.1.2.4 Stage Data
Stage data were collected at three AA fishwheel sites and each lower river
general habitat evaluation study site (Figure E.5.90,Table E.5.5).Data
collected at fishwheel sites are presented in Figures E.5.114-E.5.117 and
Appendix ED,Tables ED-1 -ED-4.Data collected at relatively stable general
habitat evaluation study sites are listed in Appendix ED,Tables ED-5 -ED-8.
E-5-65
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Fi gu re E.5.7.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-Sept2mber~1981)
for Alexander Creek -Site A
(R.M.10.1,Geographic Code 15N07W06DCA)
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Figure E.5.8.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September,1981)
for Alexander Creek -Site B
(R.M.10.1,Geographic Code 16N07W32CCB)
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Figure E.5.9.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September,1981)
for Alexander Creek -Site C
(R.M.10.1,Geographic Code 16N07W30ACD)
J J J 1 !J _i 9 J J J J t I J t I j ~
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t-::>
H f'\21i11i1 X t-25
O:J "'~n 1 xHt-x HIl::U x~3'01i1 )(<~v ,..X X
x::>
t-x x x
X x )(I-S0
) )))))) ))))) ) ))) ) )
./st ~~~~v ;:J~.§~~f-;)<J ./~3J~~~~#fQ<J fQtJ.:s t't'~
v ",.v·",."to·"",.,,'"to·"to-....,.to·,,-to·,,'
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Figure E.5.1O.Physi ochemi ca 1 parameters vers us time (t-lay-September.1981)
for Anderson Creek
(R.M.23.8,Geographic Code 17N07W29DDD)
It
'">-E 399 I ..I-0
H'a>II WZI"\
H 0206 x x >w-ItI-L ...J(!),
sJ x xU E o >-(J))C
~~103
x II)X E
x )C i==-
X X x 11)0 v x
Z 0
x H
0-0
U E 0 I;v
2.0,W 21
~~I.~x
x x x9SJ )C
I W«I"\x
Q.I-~U x
7.0 X x <C.WV 7x3Q.Ie1:
W
4.S ....I-0
rn
I
Ul
I 390 W 36
"-Ja >-~
t-:J
H '"200 ~~1 x
0:>!:k:«1"\IeHI-x H~U x
&!3100
x <C.~v I'")C
)C::>x x x x
l-x W
0 x l-S
)) )))))))))))) )) ) )
#~~~~~~~C!l ~C!l r3 J::J(}I-~~y~~~~C!l ~C!l Ib(}(/J:i .:s 'l''l'~"'l'llj
v'~.v'~.v ~.v'~.v'v ~.v'~.'v ~.v'~.v'
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Figure E.5.11.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September,1981)
for Kroto Slough Mouth
(R.M.30.1,Geographic Code 17N07WOIDBC)
J J .J J B J ~J
•••J )!J !.J )J J ~
)1 1 I )i 1 1 ]J 1 J )1 1
f"\
>-e 309 I"I-0
H'.....Cl>I)WZf"\
H 0208 >w-111 x xrL..JCD'x x
U E 0>-Q)x x
g ~103 X x )(II)X EXXXII)Qv,8
Z 0 HC-O
U E 0 6v
2.0.,W 21
~
'.5J "'~"1 X x
I W «f"\'X xQ.r~U X
x X <WV 7 X
7.0 30-
:t:
W
4.6...J r 0
rr1
I
01
I 300 3e"'.J ~......)0-
I-::J
H f"\200 X I-25
O::J x lk:«r'\J XHr)(H~U .x X~3100 «~v ...x x
;:)X :E
l-x Wxer s
) ))))) ) ))
,
)))))))) )
~~~~~~v ~y ~l;fj ~l;fj #,;;,<3 /'~~~~~y ~QJ ,~l;fj ,;;,tJ ,;;,<3:s ::l "?'"v t,.v ~.v ~.v ~.y'v ~.y'~.v ~.v·~.v·
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Figure E.5.12.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September,1981)
for Mid Kroto Slough
(R.M.36.3,Geographic Code 18N06W16BBC)
•
r.
>-E 30S 11I-0
H .......Q
>GI W z"1 x
H 0296 >W-II )(x
I-L -JW .......x XU E 0>-())
~~193
)C )C II)X E)C II)Ov 8
X )C
Z 0 H
C-O
U E e SV ~
2.9,W 21
Q:
:J '~1 )C•.5J X ~I-X
I W«"X
Q.I-O:::U )Cx«Wv7.e X 30.7
:I:I .lCW
4.S..J l-e
ITl
I
U1
I 390 38-.....I W
N >-0:::
l-X :::>
H r.200 I-2Sa:::>0:::«"HI-.lC Ho:::U
~3100 .x «WV 14l .lC x
.lC 0.x
::>x (iii :I:xl-x W
Iil I-3
J J ) ) ))) ) ))))))J )) )
~iJ~~~,;)"~":.::>t:!I ~t:!I ~I?J(}I'st ~iJ"~~<i)t><i)§1.I?J<3:s ""':3 "";j
"~."~.,,'~."~.""~."~."~.,,'~.,,'
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD.
Figure E.5.13.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September,1981)
for Mainstem Slough
(R.M.31.0,Geographic Code 17N06W05CAB)
\
I ~J ,i J )!j J )I I J j D
1 J i 1 ]J ))J i l
t"\r E 309 11roo0
H'-0>II Wzn xH0206>W-"jroo.c _J(!)'-xu e 0>-Q)x x
~~103 II)X E 8 x
x II)Ov
Z 0 x x x Ha-x au e a sv
2.0 ....W 2\
0:::::>11l x'.5J l:t:roo
I W«n x )(
Q.rool:t:U )(
x «Wv7.0 x x :3n.7 I xL
W
4.£i....J roo 0
rn
I
U1
I 300 86......W
W r l:t:t-::>
H t"\200 roo 250::>O!«A
Hroo Hl:t:U "l x~3100 <WV xxn.:::>1:)(
xroo w xaxxxroo3
))) ))))))) ) ))) )) ) )
#~~~~~v ~~Q),';}r:tJ ~~-tJ'4.#"y~~sY ,';}r:tJ ~r:tJ ";jtJ ";jtJJ::i ""I;j ";j ""v ~.v ~.v ~.v'~.v'v ~.v ~.v ~.v'~.v'
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Fig ure E.5.14 .Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September,1981)
for Deshka River -Site A
(R.M.40.6,Geographic Code 19N06W35BDA)
,.,.
>-E 3139 ,..I-U
H'0>•wz,.,.)CH0208>w-"1I-L ...JeD')(U E 0>01 )C~~1133 cnx e 8 x x x
cnovz0xxxHO-x x axU E e 6v
2.e,W 21 x~~..~x x•.SJ xIW«I"'\
D..I-~U x
7.e x <cwv 73a...
x L I xW
-4.6.J I-arn
I
01
I 3aa 36......W.j::loo >-~t-:J
H 1"\zee t-25
0:::>~~n 1 )CHI-H~U x~3 lea «~v ,..x •
::J x
l-xexxxxxxt-:3
)))))) ) ))))) )) )) ))
;-.::l~it ~v ~v ,:jf4 ,:jf4 ~~tJ I'.::l~~~~v ~v ,:jf4 ,:jfll ~tJ /bf/):;)l',.~J l',.
v ~.v'~.v'~.v'~.v'v ~.v ~.v'~.v ~.v'
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Figure E.5.15.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September,1981)
for Deshka River ...Site B
(R.M.40.6,Geographic Code 19N06W26BCB)
,~J I J j I B J t J j J J t ,J J
1 ])1 j --1 1 1 j i ]J
r..
>-E 309 I'"I-U
0 1H'>D ~Zn l X
H 0206 >W-III-.c....JW'X
U e 0>-0)X
~~103 I/)xe 8 x )(
I/)Ov
Z 0 X H
O-x )(X 0XU E 0 Eiv
2.0,W 21
a::
:J
1"'1
x x
9SJ 0::1-XIW«I"'I
Q.I-O::U x
7.e <CWv 7X:3:0-
X X 1:I X
W
lTl 4.6..J I-111
I
01
I
""-J 30e 3601W
>-0::
I-:J
H r..20e I-25
O:J 0::«1"'1 I~J X
HI-HIXU X~31ee
.:a:wv X0-
J L
I-W I X
0 X X X X x l-S
))))))) ) ))) )) ) ) ) ) )
~~sS ~~~v ~v ;§~.;:J4 ~~I-~~~~~~~~~~tJ ~~::s ::s ::s ""l'Gj Gj ::s ""v ~.v ~.v'~.v'~.V V ~.V ~.V ~.V ~"v'
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Figure E.5.16.'Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September,1981)
for Deshka River -Site C
(R.M.40.6,Geographic Code 19N06W14BCA)
x )(
)(
I"T1
I<.n
I
"'-J
O'l
r'\
~~30S
H'->8l
H 0208I-i.
U E
::>0oL 103
Z 0
0-
U E 0
V
2.0
9.5
I
D..
7.0
4.6
300
>-I-
H r'\200
C:JHI-m3 100
:J
I;-
a
lC X
x
x )(
11
0WZA>W-It..Jro,
0>-m
I/)x E 8I/)Ov
H
0
6
w 21
~
:Je::1-11W<{A
I-~U<{wv 7:3 a.
1:w
l-e
w 36
~
:JI-250:::<{A
H~U<CWV ,..a.
~w
l-S
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
)(
x
)(
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
~~~~~~~~~~~J ~J ~~~~
y'~.y'~.y'~.y'~.y'
SAMPLING PERIOD
-'--T-}---).) ) ) ) )
.;-y~y~~~y ~CD ~CD ~~~~
y'~.y'~.y'~.y'~.y'
SAMPLING PERIOD
Figure E.5.17.Physiochemical parameters versus tim~(May-September,1981)
for Lower Delta Islands
(R.M.44.0,Geographic Code 19N05W19ACB)
II'
,.~)~i J )j )J J j J .J J !1 J
J j j J 1 J J j J J ~J .~]1 1
f'\
>-e 309 11I-U
H'
o 1 x>•WZf'\
H 0208 >W-II X
I-L _J{!)'X )()(
U E 0>-Q)
)(
~~103 Vl X e 8VlOV
Z U Ho-x X x X )()(Q
U e 9 6v
2.0-,W 21
gj
11l
)(
OSJ Il::I-)(I W«f'\)(x
11.I-O!U
7.9 «Wv 7-1 )()(30..
~x W I )(
".6..J I-I2lrn
I
01
I
"300 W 38
">-O!I xI-::>H f'\200 I-2S
Q:J O!«f'\
HI-HO!U
~3100 <Wv 14 1 x )(a..x )(:J ::L
l-x W
0 x X x x x l-S
)))) ) ) )) )))) )
)))) )
.I ';::J~'Si .;)y .;)y .;)"~"~t;;Jt/}.I ~~~~y ~y ~"~r;,4'~:s :s ::i ,-,-'":l ::i ::i ,.,.'":l
y ~.y ~.y ~.y ~.y y'~.y'~.y ~.y ~.y'
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Figure E.5.18.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September,1981)
for Little Willow CreeK
(R.M.50.5,Geographic Code 20N05W27AAD)
t"\
>-E 309 .1I-0
H'8zn l>II x
H 020D >W-II x
I-.£...J<D .....x
U e O)l-CD xg~103 V>xe 8v>ov
Z 0 x x x H0-0
U E 0 Gv
2.Gh W 21
~
J•.5J lk:1-'"1 x
I W«I"\)(
D.I-O::U x
x X «w v 7 x
7.0 x x 30..
1:
W
•.6-1 I-0rrJ
I
Ul
I......31il0 W 3D
CO >-0::
I-::J
H t"\200 I-25O::J lk:«1"'1
HI-x HO::U
~3100 «~v I"'~x x
X x xJx1:
I-W
Iil l-S
)))))))))))) )) ) ) ) )
~~~~~~v ~v ~~~~~(;;J<8 I-~,;::t iJv iJv -t>~,;)~#1lJ<8~~~~~l'l'llj .:l l'
v ~'v'~'v ~"v"~'v v to'v to'v to"v to'v·
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Figure E.5.19.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September,1981)
for Rustic Wilderness
(R.M.58.1,Geographic Code 21N05W25CBD)
~J I J J J J 1 I J J t J J !J B ,
'J I )J l I I )J ]J )J
">-e 309 11I-0
o i xH'x>fl WZ"x x
H 0208 >W-II x x
1-.£...J(l),xU E 0>-Q)
~~103 II)X e 81I)0v
Z 0 HO-X X X X X X 0
U E 0 Iiv
2.0.,W 21
0:
:J•.5J D.::I-':JIW«"X
Il.I-Il:U X x
<cwv )()(
7.0 x x )(X 3Q.X XXXX1:w
IT1 ....6...1 I-.0
I
Ul
I......300 '81.0 W>-Il:
I-:>
H "200 I-25a:>0:::«1"'\·...i xHI-HCk:Um3100«Wv x X
Q.x
:J 1:x x X
l-x x Wx
0 x l-s
) ) ) ))) ) ))) ) )) ) ) ) ) )
!'~~~~~v ~v ~~v~~~!'~st sY ~~~~~Ib~1b<3:s S '"'"'!I '!I ""v ~.v ~.v'~..v·~.v v ~.v t..v',t..v't.'v'
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Figure E.5.20 .PhysiQ:hemical parameters versus time (May-September,1981)
for Kashwitna River
(R.M.61.0,Geographic Code 21N05W13AAA)
">-E 309 11I-U
H'-Q>II ~i:'i~"j xH0208XI-L ...It!)")CU E 0>-Ol )C
~~103
I/)X E
X
I/)Ov ,8 xZ0
)C H
O-x )C X X 0
U E 0 Iiiv
2.0-,W 21
~
~~11i ~•.SJ )C xJ:W«I"\XQ.I-O::U )C
«W V 7
x
7.0 x )C X 3Q.x )C x-:I:
W
rrl 4.6-1 I-III
I
01
I
CO 300 36aW
>-0::
I-::>
H "zra0 I-25
Q:J l:t:«1"\
HI-HD::U
~3 lrara 4:~v 11~x x x x
)C x
:J 1:
I-W
Gl )C x )C x l-S
)) )))) )) ))) ) ) ) ) ) ))
#::}~st ~'Y ~v ~G ~t4 ~fJJr3 #~it sY ~'Y ~G ~(Jj fJJr3 fJJ</J;S ;S ;S ""'!!;S ?'"v ~.'Y'~.V ~.V ~.V v'~.v ~.v ~.v ~.v'
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Fi gure E.5.2l.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September,1981)
for Caswell Creek
(R.M.63.0,Geographic Code 21N04W06BDD)
J I ,J J J J ,)1 ~J J J J J J I
1 »J 1 i J 1 -J i J j
f"\
>-E S99 ,..I-0
H'-0 IIJ x> •WZI"\
H 021/16 X >w-X
t-.L.....It!>,
U e D)-Q)
8~~~193 II)X E X
X lI)Ov x
Z 0
x H
0-0
U E 1/1 IiV
2.0,W 21
~
::J•.5J a::I-,..
I W«I"\7~xQ.I-a::u xxXx«wv X7.9 x 30.x
1:
W
4.S.J I-9
",
I
01
I 36COS99W~>-a::t-::>
H f"\299 X I-2Sa::>~<tl"\
HI-x HQ::U
~3199 <t~v '''l x x
::>X x
l-x W
Q l-S
)))) )) )))) ) ) ) ))) ) )
.t ~~::i ~"~~~~~~~;-~~~~"~t;,,::;,t;,4'~:s J J 'I''I'"j "j J 'r l'"J
v ".v ".v ~.v'".v v't..v t..v',t..'"t.'",'
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Figure E.5.22.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September,1981)
for Slough West Bank
(R.M.65.6,Geographic Code 22N05W27ADC)
\
('\
>-E 309 I'"t-0
H'0>II WZ('\
H ·02015 >w-111 )(
t-.I:.-JW'~)(xUE0>-Ol ~)(
~~103 CI)X e 8Cl)Ov
Z 0 x Ha-x x x x ao e 0 Sv
2.e-,w 21
~~"l )C
.05J I
I W..;(('\
:Ie x :Ie X
D..t-o:u
7.0 ~..;(wv 7 x
)()C 30...x x x 1:
W
4.S..1 I-0
I'TJ
I
01
I 300 36coWN>-!k:
I-:J
H ('\200 I-25
0:J !k:..;(('\I"'~X
HI-HO::U
~3100
-tWv x
0.)(x x
::>1:x
I-W
0 x x x x x ~l-S
) ) ) ))) )) )) ) ) ))) ) ))
~l'~~,.;)v ~,.;)rtJ ,.;)t:a ~(J I'~~~~~v ~Qj ~t:a tiJ()tiJ<3:s l'l'"J "J ,.'t'
v'to·v to·v t..v'to'v'v't..v t..v't.'v't.'",'
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Fi gure E.5.23.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September,1981)
for Sheep Creek Slough
(R.M.66.1,Geographic Code 22N04W30BAB)
J I i ,I m _I J J J J ...1 !)I I
]]1 ]1 ~J I »-J I I I !1
A
>-E:50a .1-4~U
H'-..0 x>D WZA i X )CH0208>W-It lC~.r:.,...j(!),)C
U e 0>-0):Ie~~103 II)x e 8II)Ou
Z 0 HO-x X .)(x 0
U E x x
V 'I EO
2.1:1-1 W 2t
~
:J•.SJ Ik:~1-4IW<{I'\
7~Q.t-~u :Ie X )(X
<WU x )(7.0 x X x x 30.x
X :Ie 1:
W
4.6...J I-m
I
CJl
I
CD 3a0 w 38W>-~
~:::>H A 2'1'1 ~25O:J Ik:<{n
H~H~U )Cm31'10 <~u 1-41 x x :Ie X
:J x XI-IJ.J
fa x x x x x l-S
)))))))) )) ) ))) )) ) )
~~~~~~y SS'~Q ~"~f);}<J ~~st ~~~s3'il'~Q f);}(J tb(J:s ,.,.'!l ,..
y ~.y'~.y'~.y'~.y'y ~.v·~.v·~.y ~.y'
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Figure £.5.24.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September,1981)
for Goose Creek -Site 1
(R.M.72.0,Geographic Code 23N04W31BBC)
J 1 J J ~I ,1 I I t ~.1 J I J J J J
j i I j 1 1 T I ]i
t"\
>-E 309 I'"I-0
H'0 X>•WZt"\~H 0205 >w-11 X
I-L ....J(!),x x
U E 0>-OJ~~103
II)X E 8xII)OV
Z 0
X X Ha-x a
U e e EOv
2.e.,W 21
Il::::>•.5J D!I-I'"J:W<tt"\,-'xD.I-a::u x xx'C(Wv x'.e x x x 30..
L
W
••&...1 l-e
ITl
I
01
I ,e0 3Bex>w01>-a::I-:>H t"\200 .1-25a:>Il::<tf'\
HI-Ha::u )C~3100
x )C <C ~v I.of~x x x::>x 1:I-W
0 x l-S
))))))))))) )) )))))
;-~l'~~.J!l ~(:j ~~(J ;-~~~~~~(:j ~rtI .,gJ ,fJ",-'1j
v ~.v'~.v'~'v'~.v'v·(,'v (,'v·~.v'~.v·
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Figure E.5.26.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September,1981)
for Goose Creek Lower -Site 2b
(R.M.73.1,Geographic Code 23N04W30BBB)
1"\
>-E 309 11I-0
H'C
11 ~)C>II WZI"\
H 0206 >W-)C x )()(xI--C ...J(!),
U E x 0>-0)
~~103 )(V')X E 8V')OV
Z 0
)()()(H
0-0
U E 0 EOv
2.0,W 21
~
~•.5J 0::1-1"1
I W«I"\
0-x )(I-O::U I )()(x x«Wv )C
7.0 )(X X 30..7x
::E I xW
4.6-1 I-0
rn
I
<.n
I 300 3600W
0'1 >-x 0::
I-::J
H 1"\200 )(I-25
O::J 0::<1"\
HI-Ho::u
~31'10
x x «wv I"'~X x x
0..x )C
::J ::E
I-W I )C
a x l-S
)) )} )J ) )
)) )))) ) )) )
.I /-'~~~v ~v ~Qj ~Qj (J.(j ~l'~~~v ~~Qj ~Qj I?JtJ I?JtJs:s ~\"".j ".j :s \"
v'~'v ~'v ~.v'~'v'v ~.v ~.v'~'v'~'v'
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Figure E.5.27.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September,1981)
for Mainstem West Bank
(R.M.74.4,Geographic Code 23N05W13CCD)
•t J J J j J ).1 J I )1 !
J ..]J j i --J 1 1 --""11
J ~.j J ..~
1"'\
>-E 309 '"I-0
H'-£)>II W z"1 x
H 0208 >W-It xI-L .....1m,x xUe0>-Q)E ~103
(l)xe 8(f)Qv
Z 0 Ha-x x Clu e
x x
v 0 &
2.0.,.21ILl
0:::::>•.5J fl:::1-I"IJ:w<t"x x x
Q.I-O::U x
7.0 «Wv 7.x x 30.
x x 1:
ILl
4.&-1 l-err1
I
01
I
(X)300 ILl 36.....>-0::t-:::>
H 1"'\209 I-2SCI:::>fl:::<t"
Ht-Ho::U I"'~x x~3.00
<:wv x
0.x
:::>1:
t-ILl
9 x x x x t-S
)))))) ) )))))))) ) ))
.t l'~~~~v ~;J4 ~r;,tg<8 ~.I ~~~~v ~v ~r;,~r;,1fJf3 1fJf3:s ,..,..llj J 'l',..
v'~.v ~.v ~.v'~.v v'~.v ~.v ~.v'~.v'
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Figure E.5.28.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September,1981)
for Montana Creek
(R.M.77.0,Geographic Code 23N04W07ABA)
r'\
>-E ;'09 ....I-I)
H'a> •
wz,.,xH0200>w-IIII-L ...JW'Ie
U E x 0>-CDg~10S x )(Ie (I)X e 8Cl)Ov
Z 0
x H
0-0
U E 8 6v
2.lih W 21
~
:Je.,]~I-''''1 )(:r:w<r'\
D.I-~U Ie X X
X x <wv 7 )(:Ie x7.0 :Ie )(30..-x 1:
ILl
4.6-J I-0lTl
I
U1
I
00 :3BB W :II'00 >-~
I-::>
H r'\20B I-2S0::>lC 0'::<,.,
HI-HO::U 1 :Ie
m31BB
)()(«~v 14 lC x x Ie
:J )(
)(
l-x W)(
0 .1-S
)))))))) )))) ))))) )
;-~~#~~~G ~ra §J.,;,,<8 !'~it ~~y>f4 ~G ,j 4',.,.".i
'"to',,'to',,'t-.,,'to''",,'~',,'(..'",'~'"t.'",'
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Figure E.5.29.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September,1981)
for Mainstem 1
(R.M.84.0,Geographic Code 24N05W10DCC)
J J .1 _J J )I I i I I !!J I J I ..,t 1
)i J 1 j t J ]J 1 I )J ••i 1
f"\
>-E 309 I'"t-0
H'-£)>II WZA
H 0206 >w-1'1 xt-L .JW'xUE0),Il
~~103
If)X e 8If)Ov
Z 0
X X X H
O-X X X 0
U E 0 Gv
2.0.,w 21
~"'~"I x x."J )(I W<A x
Q.t-ctU x
«Wv x x
7.0 x x :x 0-7x)C
x 1:w
4.6-'t-0rn
I
U1
I 300 3B00W
~>-~t-:::>
H f"\Z0lil t-250:::>ct::<A
Ht-HQ:U 141 x x
m31lillil
«Wv )()(
0-x
::J 1:x Xt-Wxxt-lil x )(x :3
))) ))) )
))))) ) )) )))
~:-)~~~v ~v .;:,f4 ~~t?Jf8 ~it !l ~v ~v v~.vf4 t?J~t?J4l:l :s .:l 'r ej 'r 'r
v'~'v'~'v'~'v'~'v'v ~'v'~'v'~'v'~i v'
/
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Fi gure E.5.30.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September,1981)
for Sunshine Creek
(R.M.85.7,Geographic Code 24N05W14AAB)
r\
>-E 309 I ...I-0
H'-0>II ILlZI"'I
H 0206 >1Ll-11I-J:::-...J (!)"I )(u e o >-IJ):Kg~103 )C )((I)X e
)()C (l)Ov 8
Z 0
)()(H0-0
U e 0 &V
2.0'"1 ILl 21
D::::>
1<1
)(OS]D::I-xJ:W~I"'I
Q.I-D::U xx x)C ~ILlV )()(
7.0 )()(X 30..7
)C 1:ILl
4.&-1 t-III/'TI
I
U"1
I
1.0 300 ILl 3Cl0>-D::I-::>H r\21a1a t-2S
0:>Ct:~1"'1
1<1
)CHI-HD::U x~3100 <t:Wu
)(l(0-x x )(
:>1:
t-ILl lC
a x x )()(t-3
)))) )) ) ) ))) ))) ) ) ))
.I !',;)~,;)v ~v ~fD ~fD ~":Jt3 .I ~Si~~~~ffD ":Jt/)1IJt/):l :l '9''9'~
v ~.v'~.v ~.v ~.v'v'~'v ~.v·~.v ~.v·
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Fi gure E.5.3l.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September:,1981)
for Bi rch Creek Slough .
(R.M.88.4,Geographic Code 25N05W25DCC)
J ~J 1 ~J J I J J ,J J J J
))]1 1 1 1 )1 j -)J 1 J ,1
r.
>-e :S09 ...t-0H'.0>II wz"H 0206 >W -"1 x x
t-L ...J(.!)'
U E 0>-Q)x
~~193
II)X e 8xx(1)0 v
Z 0
x Hxxa-x a
U E 0 &:v
2.0-,W 21
~
•.SJ «~"I x x xJ:w<"x x
Q.t-Q:U x xx<cw v 77.0 x x :J:Q.x
x 1:
W
4.5..1 t-eITl
I
U1
I
\D :sea w 36......>-0:::
t-:J
H r.200 t-2S
Q:J 0:::«1'\
I ..iHt-HO:::U x x~31a0 <CWV x
Q.x x
:J 1:xt-W
a x x x x x x t-S
)))))))) )} }} }}} } })
l-I"~~"~~,.~~~~(J ;-~i>~~~~d"4't:J"~,-,.l!I ,.
v·~.v'~.v·to'v to·v'v'to·v'to'v'to·v to·v'
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Figure E.5.32.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September~1981)
for Bi rch Creek
(R.M.89.2,Geographic Code 25N05W25ABD)
1"'\
>-E 309 I'"r-0
H .......0
II J )C )C>II WZI"'\
H 120£1 >w-)C
1-...JtD,
U E )(o >-lJ)
.~~11113 x x II)X e
X X x 1I)0v 8
Z 0 x H
0-0u e 0 Eiv
2.e..,w 21
0::
;:J•.5J O:::r-':~~J:W«I"'\
Q.r-O:::U x Xxx«wv x7.0 X )C X3a.Xx::E x
w
...S-J r-0ITI
I
U1
I
1O 30l/l W 36
N >-x ~
I-:J
H 1"'\20l/l )(X o:!<"25~XO:J x
Hr-x HIXU x x~3100 «~v ''''')C
X x x x:J 1:
I-W
3 1 )(
l/l l-
) ))))) ))))) )))) )) )
.;iJ~~~~"~";:J"4 ~0 ~G;J(J .;st ~~sY ~~0 .;:,0 t::J<3 t::J<8~:::l 'r 'r "J 'r
y ~.y'~.v ~.y'~.y y ~.y ~.......~.v ~'......
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Figure £.5.33.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September,1981)
for Cache Creek Slough
(R.M.95.5,Geographic Code 26N05W35ADC)
J J 8 J •J 1 )I J j J J J J ~]
1 1 I J ,•I )1 I ]1 1 J 1 ])1
'">-E 309 x 11I-0 x
H'-)C O·I x>II WZI"'I~i Z80 >W-I 1
...J(!)'-U e x 0>-Q)I x~~183
x IJ)xe 81J)0v
Z 0 H
iJ xO-x x a
U E 8 xv
2.8.,W 21
~::>•.SJ ~I-11:1:.W«I"'I 7~x x xDoI-~U x
lC X «Wv x7.8 30..xxxx1:x
x W
••G...J l-eIT!
I
U1
I
l.O 308 W 36
W >-0:::
t-::>
H '"200 ~2S~xO:::J (t<f"\)CHI-HO::U
~3188 «~v I"x xx x::>1:
l-x W
0 lC X X X X x l-S
) ) ) )))) )))) )) )))))
#l'#~Y ~~Qj ~r.tJ ~fi,)<J I'#SJ~~j>Y ~Qj ~Qj ~t;;J(J""";j
"";jv~.v'~.Y'~.v'~.v'Y'~.Y (..Y (..Y'(.'Y
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Figure E.5.34.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September,1981)
for Cache Creek
(R.M.96.0,Geographic Code 26N05W26DCB)
t"'\
>-E 309 15r0
H'0>•WZt"'\l X x
H 0206 >W-12 •rL ...JW')II xUe0>-0)
~~1'13
II)X e "(1)0 v
Z 0 Ha-x x x x )(au e e x x 8v
9.0.,W 21
~
::)"j x7SJ~r x
I W·«t"'\x x
Il.x r~U xx«wv x )(6.'11 x 30..7
x x ~x W
ITl ".6-1 r "I
U1
I
lO 3aa w 27+:0-'>-0::
'8l
x
l-::::>lC xHt"'\2aa r
0::::>~«t"'\:Ie X
Hr HO::U x
~3 laa <CWV x
a.."::::>:£r w
0 x x x x x x r a
) ) )) ) ))))) ) )) ) ) )) )
.t ~~~~~'"~'"vr',fj vr',fj ~1J;)<3 I-y~~~y'".,)'"vr',fj ~r',fj IJ;)<J ~~~~~\>'\>''!)~J \>''!)
"~."~."~."~.",''"~.",'~.'"~.'"~.",'
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Figure E.5.35.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September,1981)
for Whiskers Creek Slough
(R.M.101.2,Geographic Code 26N05W03ADB)
J J ,1 J ,J J 5 J J i J )t J J J
1 1 j ))J _1 ,)1 -)1 ]l j )
n
>-E 399 ISI-0
H'a>II WZI"\
H Ozea >W -12l )c xI-.J:...J(.!)'(.)e Q>-lD x
~~103 lI)X e iii
lI)OV
Z 0 Ho-x )(x )c 0u e
x x )(
v 0 8
9.B.,W 21
~I )(
:::>7.5J ~I-I"'J xJ:W«n x x )c
0-x )C I-~U)(«WV 7 x xa.&)(x 3Q.
x 1:
W
4.&-1 I-&
,rTJ
I
01
I 3e0 w 27
l.O
01 >-~18~x xI-
H nZ0e x xo:J 0::«1"\
HI-H~U
&!3100 «WV Q-l lCQ.
:::>:I:
l-x W
")()(x x x x l-e
)))) )))) ))))) )))) )
;-sF ~~~~~fD ~~(J ~~st ~~~~y>t:J IJ tIJ~,.llj
......t-.......t-.......t-.......t-............t-.......t-.......t-.......t-.......
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Figure [,5.36.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September,1981)
for Whiskers Creek
(R.M.101.4,Geographic Code 26N05W03AAC)
A
>-E 309 15t-0
H"-a :-> •
WZA
H 0280 >w-12 xt-..c...J(!)'u e 0>-()
~f U1I3 x )C If)x e gIf)Qv
Z 0 x Ho-x )C Do
U E B 6v
9.lih W 21
~~'.~x7.5J x
J:x W<A
Q.x t-~U x )C x
D.B <wv 7x30-xx1:x
W
4.6-1 I-litrn
I
01
I 27~30B W0"1 >-~It-::J'x
H A 2BGl ~!;("I.~O::J x )C x
HI-H!:k:U
m31litGl c:(~v Q )II
::>1:x
t-x W
lit x x x x x I-Gl
) )))) ) )) ))))))) ) ) )
.I l'y~sY s"~f4 ~0J f'J(}IJ !'~~~sY ~"t>f4 4'til?'l'
v '-'v ,-.v't.'v''-'v'v ~.v ~'v ~.v'~.v'
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Figure E.5.37.Physiochemical parameters versus tine (May-September,1981)
for Slough 6A
(R.M.112.3,Geographic Code 28N05W13CAC)
,I J )J I I t )e I ,J I ~J J J J
))1
f"\
>-Et-0 sasH"> •
H 0208
t-L
U E
::J 0Cl.Ili1I3
Z 00";'
U~iii
9.9
)-)
x x x
1
x
J 1 1 -J
x
J -1 I
J"11
I
CJ1
I
lO
""'-J
7.5
I
Do
G.IiI
•.6
'lila
>-I-
H f"\201i1
C::J
HI-m3 IIiIB
::)
I-
iii
x
x
x
x
x
x x x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
:Ie
x
x
);--;) ) ) )) )
.~~~...~:S'"~~~Q ~~_"fJ.(J~s ~-s )-~~~~
y'~.".~.".~.v"~.".
SAMPLING PERIOD
) ))))))))
I'~st~~~~~~#tIJ(J
y.~.y.~.".~.".~.,,'
SAMPLING PERIOD
Figure E.5.38.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September,1981)
for Lane Creek
(R.M.113.6,Geographic Code 28N05W12ADD)
r\
~E :l09 16t-0
H'0>II Wzn
H 0206 >W~12,xt--C ....J(!),
U e x o ~Ol
~~103 )It )()It I/)X E 9)(I/)Qv
Z 0 Ha-D
U E 0 6v
9.0.,W 2\
~
7.SJ ~~,.~x
I x x W ~n,oM x
Q.x t-o:u )It )Itx
15.0 <t w v 7 oM:J:a..
1:x
W
4.6...1 t-0
/TI
Ic..n
I S00 27I.D W
<Xl ~n::
t-::>
H n 200 ~1.~x0::>~.q:f'\x )It
Ht-x HO:U x
&!3 100 <cwv xa..9 x::>)It 1:
t-)It x )It W
0 x t-0
) ) ))) ) ) ) ))))))) ) ))
~#~~~v ~v ~~~~~fJ;:J(J ~~~~~sY sY ~~~~f1JrJ ~J ::l ::l 'l''l'l'j ::l ::l 't''l'l'j
y'~.y'to·y ~.v'to·v'v ~.v't.'v"~.v ~.,,'
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Figure E.5.39.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September,1981)
for Mainstem 2 .
(R.M.114.4,Geographic Code 28N04~06CAB)
)J ,J J J J ,1 J J !,1 J J I )J
j 1 i )J }J ]1 J I ))J -1
A •
>-E 309 15t-0
H'-Q
>•WZA
H 0208 >W-12
t-L _J(.!)'"gJ )(u e x 0>-0))()()()(g ~103 )()((I)X e XXX)((l)Ov
Z 0 H0-0Ue0v
9.0-,W 2\
lY
7.SJ X )("'~14j l(
X )(X IXIXW<{I'\
Q.t-Ck:U X )(
«w v 7 )(
e.0 30..)(
~
W
m 4.5..J t-0
I
U1
I
lO 300 W 27lO>-~.oj )(t-
H "20e X
Cl::l ~<{A )(
Ht-HCk:U x x
~3 '00 )(X «~V 9 X)(
:J )(L
t-X W
e t-e
)))))) )))) ) )) ) )) ) )
#~~~~~~'"~Cb .;)ftJ #'(J ;-~~~sY ~.t>QJ ~QJ fbtJ fbi3:)j '"'"Ilj
'"~.",'~.'"~.",'~.'"'"~.'"~.",'~.'"~.",'
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Figure E.5.40.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September,1981)
for Mainstem Susitna -Curry (Su-Curry)
(R.M.120.7,Geographic Code 29N04W10BCD)
("\
>-E 309 15I-0
H'..0>II WZ("\
H 0206 >w-12I-.£....J(!),
U E 0>-0)
9 1
x~~103
lC lC X II)X e )()(X lC
X lC II)OV
Z 0
x H0-0
U E 0 6v
9.0-,W 21
~"l lC7.5J lC X 0::1-
I )(w«("\lCxx0-x I-O::U )(x
<WV x )(6.0 30-7
L
W
rn 4.6...1 I-0
I
01
I.....390 27,a W )(
a >-0::
I-:J
H ("\200 I-18
1
O:J l:t:«1'"\)(
HI-HO::U x x x
~3100 <CWV )(
lC lC 0-9
::J x lC 1:
l-x W
0 I-0
)) ))) ))))) )
)))))))
#~~>::J~~>::Jv .,)~..,)~r8 ".J~##"~~>::Jv >::Jv ..,)~..;:Jb ".J~~.:s :s J ~~l>j J J ~~
v ".v ".v'~.v'~.v'v'1(,'v'~.v 1(,'v 1(,',,'
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Fi gure E.5.4L Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September,1981)
for Susitna Side Channel (Su-Channel)
(R.M.121.6,Geographic Code 29N04W11BBB)
J J J ..~J J }I J J J l J I ,J 1 ]
J I -1 1 1 J J 1 1 ))])))j
t''\"
>-e :saa 15I-0
1"-1'.0>f)WZA
H OzaD >w-12I--C x ..,J(!),
8 1
xUexx0>-0 x x~~le3 x x (f)xe x Xxx(f)Ov
Z 0 H
0-0u e a 6v
9.0-,W 21
~
x :J7.SJ x x x x 0::1-]x
I x x W«A xxxQ.I-O::U )(
D.0 «Wv x30.
I:•W
4.5-1 l-x
['T)
I
CJ1
I 300 27........W
0 >-0::........l-x ::>xHt"\zae I-1810::>~«A )(
HI-HO::U x x x x
~3100
x <WVxa.g
:J x 1:I-W I xxxl-·ee
))))))))))) ) ) ) )) ))
~~~~~iJY ~Y ~~~0 r/ra(J ~/'~~y.r ~v .;:,~~~t/tt:J(J"""v ~.Y'~.v ~.Y'~.v v'~.v ~.v'~.Y ~.Y'
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Figure E.5.42.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September,1981)
.for Mainstem Susitna -Gravel Bar (Su-Gravel Bar)
(R.M.123.8,Geographic Code 30N04W26DDD)
">-E 309 15I-0
H'a>II WZI"\
H 02015 >W -12I-.L l(x ....J(!),
U e )()(0>-Q)g~l()C
~~IB3 X :Ie )C en x e x x
enov x x
Z 0 H0-0
U E B 6v
9.e-,w 21
~~..~)C7.5J x
J:x X W«I"\)(1
11.)C x )(:Ie I-O::U l()()(
a.B «W v 7
3Q.l(
1:x
W
4.&-J I-B
rn
I
(J"l
I 3BB 27,xHW
0 >-0::
N h t"'\2li1B
::>x I-1111 x
a::>1l!:«1"\)C
HI-Ho::u x )(
~3IBB «~v g :I(
::>x :I:
I-W I x
B )(x l(:Ie l-e
)) )))))) )).J ))))) ))
#st ~~SS'~~fb ~fb ~~<J _!'~~~~~~~t:!J 4'IJ""'!l
",'t,.",-t,.",'t,.",'t,........",'t,.",'t,.",'t,-'"t,.",'
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Figure E.5.43.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September,1981)
for Slough SA
(R.M.125.3,Geographic Code 30N03W30BCD)
J J J ,I J J J 1 ,I ~J »j J t .,J I
1 J )]1 1 1 J J -}]J 1 1 I J }J I
rt.
>-E 309 15t-0
H'-0>II WZr\
H 0208 >W-12
t-L -J(!),o e 0>-l)
9 J x x x~~la3 II)X e )C )C x
1I)0v
Z 0 H
O-x x X X X 0
U E e x x 6v
a.e,w 2\
~
:J x75]o::t-1"'1:r:W«r\x XxxIt)(x x t-o::ux)(x x «Wv xe.a 30..7
1:w I X
4.6....1 t-e
rr1
I
U1
I 300 W 27 II-'.xa>-0::x
W t-::J
H rt.200 t-18
O::J O::«r\I x x
Ht-H~U
~~le0 «Wv ·x x
a..lil
:J ~
t-W I x
lil x x x x x x t-e
) )))) ))) ))J.))) ))) )
.;~~~~iY ~J';:J~§J.{}-i'4.sf ~:t ~~~(b ~(b #II:J{):i :s "".i ".i .:s "v t..v t..v'.t..v t..v v't..v t..v't..v t.'v'
•
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Figure E.5.44.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September,1981)
for Fourth of July Creek
(R.M.131.1,Geographic Code 30N03W03DAC)
">-E:309 ISI-0
H'..0>II WZI"'\
H 020C1 )(>W -12 J xI-..I:....Jro,U e )C 0>-Q)x
x )C )(x )()C~~103
)C V>X e iiixV>ov x
Z U H0-0u e "6V
9.a.,W 21
~
)C :)7.5J x x x x ~~,.~xJ:)C )C W«I"'\x0-I-~U x x
<wv 7 X
C1."30-)(
1:
W )(
fTI 4.5 ....I-"I
U1
I......:30"W 27a
+:>0 >-~I x
t--:>
H "20"I-llil
0:>~<I"'IHI-H~U
II J x x x
~3 I""
x <wv )(
)(0-x
:J x 1:
l-x WxI-:3 I x
Ii))C
) )) ))) )))} )))}})})
I-~~~~~v ~v -iJ~,;)"tl:Jt8 tl:Jt8 I-~~~sY sY ,;)r;,,;)r;,tl:Jt/J;tl:J<l::s ::i """v ~.v ~.v ~.v'~.v'v'~.v'~.v ~.v ~.v'
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Fi gu re E.5.45 .Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September,1981)
for Slough 10
(R.M.133.8,Geographic Code 31N03W36AAC)
I J 1 J J J J
"'
j J i J ,!J J J I
j ]J I )J -1 )}I i )I B J J J )
'"i:5:S99 16
H'.Q
>•)C WZrI
~1 296 )C x x x >W-12x..J(!)'.
U e x 0>-Q)gJ x
3 ~103
II)X E
x x x
II)OV )C x
Z 0 H
0-C
U E 0 6v
9.0-,W 21
Q!
:>7.SJ lk:1-I'"I x x x X x x W<{rI
0-X I-~U
71
x
6.0 O«WV x x x30-x x1:x
W
4.Ei..J I-0
fT1
I
<J1
I 300 27 I.....W x0;>-0::<J1 .....::J
H "'200 .....':~x
O::J Q!<{"x
HI-HQ!U x
~3 lrara «WV x
x 0-x
:>L x
I-W
e x )C x x x l-e
))) ) ) ) ))))} ) }))}I ))
I-~~~~::::J'Y sY ,J!j ~(:,fl;jt3 lJ I-~~~~~~~~Q ~{/J~.:i ~'l''l''l''l'l!l
'Y ~.'Y ~.'Y ~.'Y'~.'Y''Y'~''Y'~.'Y'~.'Y ~.v·
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Figure E.5.46.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September,1981)
for Slough 11
(R.M.135.3,Geographic Code 31N02WI9DDD)
">-e:l08 16t-U
H'a>II wz"H 0208 >W -121 ~t-L x ...J(!l ,xUex0>-CD x x x
~~103 x x x II)xe sax1I)0v
Z 0 H0-0U E e 6v
9.9.,4J 21
~~7.0J x x x x x on....I'"I x w~"
7J
x
Q.t-a:u x x
e.0 «wv x
30-x
1:w I x
IT!4.6-1 t-liS
I
<..n
I.....sae 2704J
O"t >-a:I x
t-=>H"200 I-Ie
a~~~I'\I x
Ht-x Ha:U x
~01'1'1
x «wv sa x
0-.
::J 1:
l-x X W
0 x I-e-l x
)))))) ) )))) ) )))) ))
.t st sf ~y ~~f!J ~ta fi:J~ro(J !'s1'~~~~t>f!J ~ra t!J(}4'J 'f''f',.
y'",.y'",.y'~.y ",.y'y ",.y ~.y ~.y ~.y
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Fi gure E.5.47.Physi ochemi ca 1 parameters versus time (~lay-September,1981)
for Mainstem Susitna ....Inside Bend (Su-Gold)
(R.M.136.9,Geographic Code 31N02W17CDA)
J I J I J J )I )J !J J ,J J ;J
j j j J 1 j I ]J ))J <J )1
A
>-E 30e 16t-0
H"-0>II WZA
H 0208 >W-12t-.£...J(!)"-9~x xU E 0>-l»)C
~~103 II>X E
)C
1I>0u xZ 0 )C HO-X X X lC lC aUEe 8v
9.0-,W 21
~::>7.SJ x ~~A '.~I x
0-x x )(I-~UlCl(<wu M lC X X
a.1iI 30..7 X1:
W
4.6...l I-"IT1
i
01 ,I 300 W 27
I-'
0 >-~
'-l t-::>
H A 200 t-18l x0::>n:::~A x
HI-H~U
ffi 3 100 «Wu x xa..9
:J L
I-W I l(
"l(x x x x l-ta
)) ))))) ) )) )) ) ))) ))
#~~~~~v ~v ~~~f4 4'f1)<J #~~.~~~~v ~oJ ~~f1)<J ":J<J::i J ::i ~~
v'~.v'~.v ~.v ~.v'v'~.v'~.v ~.v'~.v
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Fi gure E.5.48.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September,1981)
for Indian River
(R.M.138.6,Geographic Code 31N02W09CDA)
">-e 309 15t-0
H'..Cl>•LaJZ"
H 0208 >W-12t-L _J(!)"-I x xU E
0)-Q)X :lC
~~103 )(I/)X E Qxx-I/)OvXZ 0 X X HO-x a
U E 0 ev
9.0,LaJ 21
~
;:)7.SJ x X x ~t-11
I )(x x LaJ«"7~)(D..x t-~U x :lC«LaJv x8.0 :3Q.x x
:I::lCW
4.S""t-0
rn
I
U1
I 300 W 27
I-'
0 >-~
(Xl t-:::::>
H"200 t-18J x
a:::::>(}::«")(
Ht-)(H~U )(
m3100 «~v Q )(
)(
::::>1:I xt-W
0 )(
)(x t-0
) )) ) )) ))))) ) )))),) )
#~~.,)~.,)'V .,)'V ~~~f3.~()I-~s>~~v ~:0~~~t!)</J 4'J J J ~";j 1"1"
v ~.v ~.v ~.v ~.V 'V.~.V ~.v'~.v ~.v'
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Figure E.5.49.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September,1981)
for Slough 20
(R.M.140.1,Geographic Code 31N02W11BBC)
.~J J 1 I J ,...1 J J !J J j I I J
)I }J 1 J J J }1 ])j j j ]
t'\
>-E 309 15t-0
H"a>II WZt'\
~i 2815 >W -12l x x..J(!),
U e x 0>-Q)x x x
~~103
x U)X e gx)(x x U)ov
Z 0
)(H0-0ue8 6v
9.e,w 21
~::>7.SJ x x x x )(Q:t-11:r:x x W«t'\
7J
x
0-~Q:U x x
«Wv x x )(15.8 30-
1:
W I X
...s-!t-0
lTl
I
(n
I 300 27.......W
0 >-Q:
l.O t-::>
H t'\200 t-180::>~«t'\
QI
x
Ht-x HQ:U·x~3108 x <cwv x
0-
::>~I xt-x W
0 x t-B
)) )))) ) )))) ) ) ) ) )) )
;/st ~~~v ~v ~f4 ~f4 ~Ib(J I'#'~~~v ~~~f4 tJ:J(J ~s ,.,,.,l1j ,.,"J
v't..y t..v ~.v·t..v v·~.v·~.v·~.v·~.v·
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Figure E.5.50.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September,1981)
for Mainstem Susitna -Island (Su-Island)
(R.M.146.9,Geographic Code 32N01W27DBC)
"
A
>-E :S09 15I-0
H ......0>I)WZI'I
H 02raa >W-12
1-.£-It!)......I x x xU E 0>-lD x
~~103 II>X E
)C
X X 11>0 v "Z 0 X X HXXX0-0
U E 0 )6v
9.0..,W 21
~::>7.5J Q:tr '1J:X x X )C )C W~I"'\a..X I-Q:UX<wv 7l x )(
a.0 x )(:J:Q.x xL
W )(
4.6...1 l-e
rr1
Ic.n :srae 27IW.....>-Q:.....I-:>C>H 1"'\200 ~18~)(
0:>~~I"'\xHI-H~U
~3100 «~v ")(x )(
::>1:xl-x x W
0 )(x l-ra
)))))) )))) ))) )) )) )
;-~~~~~v ~v ~§!I ~;J!I 1fJ~t;,J(J I-~~~~~sY ~~~~~<3 fJJ<3;:):l :s 't''t'\"......~.......~.......~.......~.............~.......~.......~......~.......
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Fi gure E.5.51.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September,1981)
for Portage Creek
(R.M.148.8,Geographic Code 32N01W25CDB)
.l-
I J )!1 J J I J J J .1 t J B J J I CD
_J ])I )]1 ])].~
-I }J -]-]J ]J
r.
>-E 390 :'115I-0
H'Q>II WZI'"I~.2 2711J >W -12 1 x......l(!)'U E 0>Q)x x
~~1511J lI)X E Q
x
lI)Ov
Z 0 x Ho-x x x Q
U e 30 6v
8.'b W 21
~
x ::J7'J x x x 0:::1-I"I W«I'"I
Q.I-~U 7~x·«Wu x x
6.8 3a.xLW
l'Tl 6.2-1 I-0
Ir.n
I.....1511J W 31i1..........>-0:::I-~2°l xHr.120a::>~«I'"I x x x
HI-HO:::U
&13 Slil
«Wu I iiia.
:>1:I-W
0 x l(X X .....0
) ) ) ) ))))) )
~~~~~ftj t;;I<J ~l'~v ~ftj ~""II;)
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Figure E.5.52.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September,1981)
for Fog Creek -Site 1
(RwM.173.9,Geographic Code 31N04E16DBB)
A
>-e :JS0 16I-0
H'0>.,WZI"\
H 0270 >W -12l x )C
I-L _J{!),
U e Q>-Q):II:~~169 lI)X e QlI)Ov
Z 0 H
0-:II:)Ii )()C 0
U E 30 6v
8.e.,W 21
0:::
:J
"'J )()()Ii ~I-11
J:)(W<I"\
Q.I-O:::U 7~)C )(<wv6.8 3fi.)Ii )Ii
1:W
IT!6.2...1 I-0
I
01
I......160 :J0......W
I'\)>-0:::
t-::>
H A 120 I-20l )C )Ii )(O::J 0:::«1"\)C
HI-H~U
~3 60 <cwv 10a..
::>L
I-W
9 )C )Ii I-~
) )))))))))
~~~~V ~C'o (J .t ~~~V .;JII rg<3~I!j ~
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Figure E.5.53.'Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September,1981)
for Fog Creek -Site 2
(R.M.173.9,Geographic Code 31N04E16DBD)
j ..~1 ~~)J J I I 1 _J 1 ;J B J
)j J 1 )j )j t 1 J j j t ]
A
>-E :SS0 15I-0
H'"Q>I)llJZA I~i Z70 >lJJ -IZl )C...JW'"x
U e o >-l])lC
~~160 V>x e gV>ovZ0HO-X lC lC X 0
U e 30 6v
8.0.,llJ 21
~::>7.'J x lC lC Q::t-I'"I X W~A
Q.I-Q::U 7~x lC«wv8.8 30.lC X
1:
\JJ
&.2...1 I-0
rr1
I
U"1
I 180 llJ :S0........
........>-~
w I-::>
H A 120 I-29l )C )C0::>Q::~A lC XHI-H~U
~3 60 «~v 10
::>1:r:-llJ
0 X lC lC lC I-0
))) )))) )));-~~~;Ja r:,~~~~v ~(4 ~(J'l''l'
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Figure E.5.54.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September,1981)
for Fog Creek -Site 3
(R.M.173.9,Geographic Code 31N04E16DAD)
o
3a
20
x
)(
x
x
x
x
W
~
:JI-
Q::«f'\
H~U<cWv0..10
1:
W
I-
IS
0WZA>w-12..Jro,o >-(J)
(l)xe Q(l)Qv
H
0
6
W 21
Cl::>Q::I-1"1W«A
I-ct:u«Wv 730..
:I:W
I-0
x
x
)(
x
x
x
6.2
7.4
18a
8.0
6.S
a
A
~~390
H'>.G)
H 0270I-..r.
U E
::>0aL 160
Z 0
Q-
U j 30
:r:
Q.
>-I-
H A 120
O:JHI-mzct:\J 60
:>I-
fTI
I
<.I1
I..........
.j::o
) ----r-----J -.-) )
;-l"<jY ~ro i!:J{J
)T )--))
;-~~~v l'i!:Jt3
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Figure E,,5.55.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September,1981)
for Mainstem Susitna 50'upstream of Tsusena River
(R.M.178.9,Geographic Code 32N04E36ADB)
]I B )J ~,»,'I J )j J ;J )J 1 J
]]J 1 1 )1 1 1 J .~j j )
">-e 3S0 16t-U
H'-0 I x>II WZI"\
~1 210 >W-12
...J(!)'-I xUE0>-I])x x·~~160 I/)X E
I/)Ov g
Z 0 H
O-x x x x Q
U E 30 ev
8.0.,W 21
O!
:::J7.4J X lk:t-...
I X W«I"\
D..x I-O!U
7 J x X
0.8 X <Wv x x~o.
I:
W
lTl 6.2-l l-e
I
(J'l
I......180 30......W
(J'l >-0:
t-:J
H"12e t-20
O:J O!«f"I
HI-Ho:U I x x X&!3 60 <\rV Ie
X
::J I:
I-W
lil x x x x l-e
)))))) ))) )
#l"~~'<J ~tJ ~~~~v ~~(J."
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Figure E.5.56.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September,1981)
for Tsusena River -Site 1
(R.Mi 178.9,Geographic Code 32N04E36ADB)
">E SS0 ISt-0 O·H'->II WZ"
H 0270 >W-121 xt-.l:...1m,
U e 0>-Q)x x )C~f 168 (I)x e 8x(1)0 v
Z U Ie X x H
0-0u e 30 6v
8.B-,W 21
x x lk:
)C ::>7.'J x ~t-1"1 )C:r:Wet"ll..t-Q:U x
et w V 7
Ie :III
0.8 30...
.L
W
6.2...1 t-8
IT1
I
U1
I USli'l Sli'lI-'W
I-'>~m t-:::>)CH"128 t-2li'll )Ca:::>fl::<tn
Ht-H~U )Cx~3 68 4:~v lli'l lC
X::>I:
t-W
e l-II
)))))))) ))
~~t-sY ~'<I "J</J ~I"~v ~ro "J<J"'9'
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
,
Fi gure E.5.57.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September,1981)
for Mainstem Susitna 50'upstream of Deadman Creek
(R.M.183.4,Geographic Code 32N05E26CAA)
J ),,,J J ~J )I 1 J ,I l t I
J 1 }J I -)1.~1 1 1 j J
A
>-E 390 ISI-0
H'-0>r)WZI"\I X~1 270 >w-12
-J<D'-U e 0>-Q)gl )C x~~160
II)X e )C
II)Ov
Z 0 Ho-x )C 0
U E 30 )C )(8v
8.0-,W 21
n::
)C ::>7.4J ~I-11
JIxW«I"\x x
D.)C x I-~U
8.8 «w v 7 x x30-
1:
W
6.2-l I-0tTl
I
(]"I
I
,......18e w '0......>-n::I ".
.........
y
I-::>
H A 120 I-20l )(0::>n::«1"'\
HI-H~U x
~3 60 «~v Ie x x
::>1:
I-W
e )C x x x l-e
) ) ) )))))) )
#y~yV ~JQ ti)<J.~y~yV ~r:o ti)<J.,.,.
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Figure E.5.58.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September,1981)
for Deadman Creek -Site 1
(R.M.183.4,Geographic Code 32N05E26CDB)
f'\
>-e:390 16~0
H'Q>II
WZn 1 )C~.2 270 >W-12
_JeD'X
U e 0>-C&x3~160 U>xe $I x
lI>OV
Z 0 H
O-x X 0
u e 30 X X 6v
8.01 W 2\
a::
:J7.'J )C O::~I..,IJ:W<tf'\)C
Q.X X X ~Il:U
D.8 <tWv 7...1 X X X30...
L
W
6.2...J ~0rt1
I
U1
I
~180 W 30
~
CO >-Il:
~:J
H f'\120 ~20
O:J lk:<tf'\
H~HO::U
10 I X x
~3 60
«Wv X Xa.
::>:E
~W
0 X X X ~a
)) ) )))))));-~~sY ~f:J
tIoJtJ .I'ji ~v .;;,f:J tIoJt8't''t'
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Figure E.5.59.Physiochemical parameter ve'rsus time (May-September,1981)
for Deadman Creek -Site 2
(R.M.183.4,Geographic Code 32N05E26CAA)
J 1 ~J t I •J J J J ~_J )
)1 ).]J J !1 ]j ~j
">-e 390 15I-0
H'0>fl WZI'\
~1 270 >w-12-,x--1m,u e 0>-l»~~160 lJ)xe 9 1 x
x lJ)Ov
Z 0
)(H0-0u e 30 6v
8.'1,W 21
)(O!
)(:J7.'J lk:1-11J:W«I'\,I )(
Q.I-lk:U
8.8 «wv x
30.
1:W
6.2-1 '7 0
rr1
I
(.11
I 180 W 30I-'
I-'>-lk:
U)I-::J
H "120 I-20
O::J lk:«f)I xHI-Hlk:U xgnSS0«wv 10)(0.
:J 1:I-W
a I-a
)) )) ))) )) )
~l'~v ~C:1 .(J .;~~~v ~C:1 rJ:l 't'Ilj 't''!j
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Figure E.5.50.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September,1981)
for Mainstem Susitna 50·upstream of Watana Creek ~
(R.M.190.4,Geographic Code 32N06E25CCA)
f'\
>-e:SS 0 ISt-0
12J
xH'0>II WZf'\X~1 270 >W-xx.....It!),
U e 0>-CD~~160
X U)xe 9 1 x XxxU)Qv
Z 0 x H0-0
U E 30 6v
8.0.,W 21
x x ~
X ::>7.'J o:;t-I ...:r:x W<l:f'\
71·
)IiQ.x t-O::u x<WV x
8.8 3n.
L x
w X6.2-l t-0f'11
I
01
I 180 :30......WN>-IXat-=>H f'\120 t-20 I xa::>O::<l:f'\x
Ht-H~U x x
~3 60 «~v 10
:J 1:
t-W
0 x x x x t-0.J x
) )) )))))) );-j)~s'".~ro ~(J .;-l'~v ~ro §,Ji8,.,.
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Fi gure E.5.6l.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May -September,1981)
for Watana Creek -Site 1
(R.M.190.4,Geographic Code 32N06E25CCA)
B I J J .1 J J I I J 5 J J ,J j
-}i 1 J 1 -1 s J ]I j ]
f"\
>-E 39a 15I-0
H'
o 1 x
>D WZI'\
H 027a >W-12 x
I-io x ...j(!)'X
u e 0>-Q)x~~Isa
x lI>xe sa x
x x lI>Ov
Z 0 x H
0-0
U E 3a 8v
8.0,W 21
x ~x x :J
7.'J x n::1-I'"I X W«I'\
Q.t-~u
71
x x
<cWV x
8.8 3Q.
I:x
W X
6.2...1 I-"m
I
CJ1
I......lea w 30
N......>-n::
I-:J
H f"\120 I-2"IO:J Q::«f"I x x x x
HI-H~U
~3 6a <~v I"
::>1:
I-W I x
a I-") ))))) ))))
~~~~~~~(j #~~~'V ~ft1 ~()?'?'
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Figure E.5.62.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May -September,1981)
for Watana Creek -Site 2
(R.M.190.4,Geographic Code 32N06E25CAB)
A
>-E 3SEl IS II-0 )(
H'0>D WZA
H 027El >W -121 x
I-.L )(-!<D'x
U e o >-l])x~f 16El
)((I)x e x
x x II)OV g
Z 0 x H0-0
U e 3El Sv
8.a-,W 21
:II O!
X X :>
7"J
:lC )C £k:1-1"1
I W«"
7J
xQ.I-£k:U )l«wv )l
15.8 3Q.x
L
W I x
rr1 Iii.2.....l I-"I
U1
I
I-'18El W 30N
N >-~
I-:J
H A 120 I-20l x0::>O!«A )(x
HI-H~U x
~3 60
<WV 10Q.
J L
t-W I )(
liS l(x l(x t-liS
))))))))));:l'~V t>ftJ ~<3 ;.~~.yV ~(i;,{}~J '?'I!j
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Figure E.5.63.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September,1981)
for Watana Creek -Site 3
(R.M.190.4,Geographic Code 32N06E25BDC)
I 1 J J 1 i J J I J 1 J J I ~J
J j ---1 1 -I 1 }1 1 1 J j 1 )']I
">-E 390 ISI-U
H"0>II WZr'I
H 1270 )C >w -121 xt-'...J(J)'-
U e 0)1-l])x~~\60 lJ)Xe g)C lJ)OV
Z 0 H0-0
U E 30 6v
8.0,W 21
O!
)C :II:::>
7"J Ik:I-1-4IW«I"'I
D.t-Ik:U
7 I X
6.8 oe(Wv )C
:XQ.
1:W
6.2....1 l-Ii!f'TI
I
U1
I
I-'\80 IJ.J 30
I'\)>-Ik:w t-::>
H "120 I-201 )C
O:l 0:::«1"'1 )C
HI-HO!U
~3 60
«Wv 10Q.
::>1:
t-W
0 t-0
)))))) ) ) ) )
~~~~v ~~GJf/3 .;-~~~V ~~~:5 ~"'t'":)
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Figure E.5.64.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September,1981)
for Watana Creek -Site 4
(R.M.190.4,Geographic Code 32N06E25ACB)
1"'\
~~399
H'->10
H 0279
I-L
U E
::J 0o1..169
Z 0
0-
U ~30
)(
)(
15
o
WZI"'\>W-12
....j(!),-
0>-Q)
lI)xe ...
lI)Ov •Ho
6
)(
)(
o
20
30
x
x
x
x
w
Q!
::>
I-0:«1"'\
Ho:U<cwva.10
:I:
W
I-
W 21
Q!
:J
0:1-I"W«I"'\
I-Q!U«Wv
30.7
:I:
W
I-0
x
)(x
6.2
9
8.8
7.4
180
8.0
I
Q.
>-
I-
H 1"'\120
O:J
HI-
~3 60
::J'
'I-
JTl
I
U'I
I......
N
..j::>
))) ) )
.;ii'~v ~~i?<S
)---)) ))
.I'i'~v ~~tJ:I<S
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Figure E.5.65.Physiochemical parameters versus time(May-September,1981)
for Watana Creek -Site 5
(R.M.190.4,Geographic Code 32N06E25ABC)
J j ~l ,)J ,)J ,I J J .~_J --,J
])J 1 -i J 1 J '1 ]I
r.
>-e 390t-()
H'a>•WZI'\H 0270 >w-12;>C X.....c...J(,!),u e 0>-CD~~160 I/)X e g~>C
X I/)Ov x
Z 0
x x x H0-0
U E sav
8.e,llJ 21
~
x x ::J7.4J >C 0::....
J:W<I"\7~x
Do t-~u x
G.8 x <wv x3:Q.
1:xILl
f"T1 S.2..J ....
I
U1
I.-.180 3aNw
U1 >-~t-x ::J I x
H r.12a x ....20a:>~<I"'\
H ....H~U I xffi3sa«Ii v la 'x
x.::J I:I x....ILl
a x ....iii
))))))) )))
I'~~~~,.,11;)<3 .;-~~~~(:,11;)4J,-,-
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Figure E.5.66.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September,1981)
for Mainstem Susitna 50'upstream of Kosina Creek
(R.M.202.4,Geographic Code 31N08E15BAB)
f"\
>-E 39'1 16t-0
H'0>•WZf"\~)(
)(
~1 27'1 >w-12 )(
..J(!),
U e 0>-Q)~~lie I/)x E gj )(
!;I/)Ov x
Z U Ho-x x x x x 0
U E 3'1 ISv
8.0.,w 21
0:
x ::J7.1J x x I:]!;(n 11~J::Ie x
Q.x t-~u X
IS.S ~~v 7 x
x
:Ie
8.2-'I-arT1
I
(J"J
I
~Isa w 31/1
N
0\>-~I xt-=>H f"\12'1 I-2'1
O:J ~<1:I"'!I xHt-H(r·U )(~3 6'1 «~v 1'1 •)(
:::l L !:Iet-W
a x )(x x I-a
)) )) ))))) )
~l'~~:J0 fJJ<J #l'~~r::,fJ:J<J"l'
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Figure E,5.67.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September,1981)
for Kosina Creek -Site 1
(R.M.202.4,Geographic Code 31N08E15BAB)
_I J )~,J J J I I j J 1 J 1 })
}1 )J J ~))1 J t }}C~
r.
>-e 390 16~U
H'o J lC> •
WZr.
H 0210 >w-U!Ie X
~L ...J(!),
U E 0)-Q)I Ie Xa~16e II)x e(1)0 v sa
Z 0 Ho-x X X X x Q
U E 3e 8v
8.0.,I.IJ 2\
~
lC ::>
'4J x lC O::~11:r x W«r.
ll.x ~Q:::U '1 x x
«wv xD.8 :xc..
1:x
W X
&.2-1 ~0fTl
I
~I
'I lee ~eI-'wN>-~i"~x
H r.12e ~2e xO::J ~«I'\
H~HQ:::U x&!3 S0 <C ~v 10 x
:J :L I x......W
lit ......0
) )))))))) );-'it sY .;:J4 "'.JtJ .;.ff ~"V ~(b
"'.JtJto'"
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Figure E.5.68.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September~1981)
for Kosina Creek -Site 2
(R.M.202.4~Geographic Code 31N08E15BAC)
r\
>-E 390 ISr.-u
H'
o ]
)II
>•WZI'\
H 0270 >W-12 x
r.-..c ...lCD'x
U E 0>-m x~~160 lJ)X E glJ)Ov x
Z 0 H
O-x x x x x auE30 6v
8.e.,W 21
~x x ::l7<1J Q::r.-11Ix x w<tl'\
0..x I-n:u
71
)II )II
8.8 <tWv )II
30-
1:x
W )II
6.2..J r.-0
IT1
I
U1
I 180 30........W
N >-n:
OJ I-:::>
H r\120 r.-20l x0:::>~<tl'"l )II
Hr.-Hn:U x~3 60 <t~v 10 )II
:::>1:I xr.-w
0 x x x x r.-0
)) )) )) ) )) )
~~~~v ~f(J r;;,(}~§>~§>V ~f(;~s S l'l'dlj
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Figure E.5.69.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September,1981)
,for Kosina Creek -Site 3
(R.M.202.4,Geographic Code 31N08E15BCA)
l B B 1 .~a '_J J ]!J ;u I I ,.t )I
)1 j J -I J ))J ))1
f"\
>-E390 15I-UH.......o J )(>II WZf"\
H 0270 >W -12 X
I-L ...,Jro,,-u e 0>-m gJ x~~\60 I/)X e •I/)Qv x
Z 0 Ha-x x x x au e 30 6v
8.0-,W 21
~
x ::J7.'J x ~I-I"I x w.q:f"\
Q.x I-~U
7J
x x
6.8 «wv x3Q.
L
W I lC
6.2-1 I-0
/'11
I
(J1
I 180 W 30 I )(.....
N >-~
\.0 I-:::>
H f"\120 I-20
C:J ~<l:1"'\
HI-H~U I x~3 60 «~v 10 )(
::J I:I xt-W
0 t-e
))))))) ))).;.~+,:)v ~~f?)tJ ./~+~v ~~f?)f3-t':s ""
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Figure E.5.70.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September,1981)
for Kosina Creek -Site 4
(R.M.202.4,Geographic Code 31N08E15CBA)
,n
:*e 390 15t-U
H'a J )C>II Wzn
H 0270 >w-12 x
t-L -JeD,
U e 0>-0)gJ x~~150
II)X e xII)Qv
Z 0 Ho-x X x a
U E 30 x 6v
8.0-,IJJ 21
Q:
:J74Jxxon-I'"J:x W~n ,J xQ.x t-IX:U x
D.8 ~IJJV )C::x a..
L
IJJ I x_.-t-"1T1
I
01
I......180 IJJ 313w>-IX:a t-::J I x
H n 1213 t-20
O::J rt:~n
Ht-H IX:U ~x~3 613 <C ~v 10 x
:J x
t-IJJ
.Q x x x t-0
))) )))))))
~l'~v ~(:j I>J~.;~~~v ~(:j .fJ]"'9'
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Figure E.5.7l.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September,1981)
for Kosina Creek -Site 5
(R.M.202.4,Geographic Code 31N08E15CCA)
J }j I !J D J I I J ,)I J •)j ~
1 )))1 -I -j j J 1 J !t
">-e:SS 0 16I-U
H'0>II WZI'\
H 0270 >W-I2j )(
I-.c _J(!l'.lie Xoeo>-l])~~160 lie u>X e 8 x
x u>ov :It
XZ 0 X x H,Q .,..CloES0v
8.0-,W 21
)(~
x lie :J7.J x ~I-11J:)(W«I'\
7J
)(xQ.I-~U
e.a <tWv
X x
::En.)(
1:
W
B.2..J I-a
lT1
I
(J'J
I laa 30......W
UJ >-lie X ~I •......I-::J
H "120 I-20 )(Q::J n::<t 1'\JHI-H~U x x lie
~3 60 <~u la x
::J x 1:
l-x W
11l I-a
))))))))))
I ~~sY ~fD 1iJ~~~~~~(:,(J
""flj
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Figure E.5.72.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September,1981)
.for f:1ainstem Susitna 50 I upstream of Jay Creek
(R.M.203.9,Geographic Code 31N08E13BCC)
A>E SS0 1&t-U
~z"lH'x>II
H 0270 >W -12 x~L ..JC!l'xUe0>m x Ie~~160 Ie x lI>X E gxlI>Ov
Z U
Ie X H0-0
U e 30 8v
8.8.,:II W 21
x
lC Cl
lC ::>7.'J x 0::1-I"I W«n
Q.I-O::U 7~x x
0.8 <CWV x~a.x x1:
W
6.2..J l-e
IT1
I
U1
I 180 30.....W
W >-0::N ~:J
HA 120 t-21il
a:J 0::«"J x lCHI-HOI::U Ie x~3 60 <C ~v llil Ie
::>1:t-W
0 X Ie )(x l-e
))))))))})
~.y~~~fo .fJ'#~~;J:I tQ~""
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Figure E.5.73.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September,1981)
for Jay Creek -Site 1
(R.M.203.9,Geographic Code 31N08E13BCC)
.1 .B )J J I J I J J J -i J •1 J I 1 I
1 )J }.)1 1 -J )))J J i J )-I
A
>-E 391a ISt-U
H'a I )(>II WZA )(
H 0271a >W-12t-.r.-It!),
Iu e Q>-m )()(x3~ISla
)(x II)x exxx(1)0 v sa
Z 0 H0-0ue30 8v
8.a..,W 2\
'x x x ~x ::J7'J x rt:t-I'"I W<{A
Q.t-~u
7l
x,(«Wv xa,a 30-x x1:xW
6,2...J t-iiirn
Ic..n
I.....180 W :!I1a
W >-~w t-:::>H A 121a t-20a:::>n:<{A
.ftJ xHt-HlXU x
~3 61a
«WV x lC x0-
::J 1:
t-W
0 t-Ia
) ) ))))))))
I'~~~v ~rtJ f>J<S ~y~~v ~rtJ ~J 'l'J 'l''!l
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Figure E.5.74.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September,1981)
for Jay Creek -Site 2
(R.M.203.9,Geographic Code 31N08E13BCA)
•
">-e ~98 15t-U
H'-~ZA l>•X X X~.2 278 >w-12.JC!)'-xU E 0>-Q)
~~1108 x X en X e g x
X x x enovz0H
Q-0
U E S8 8v
8.8-,W 21
X X )C ~
x X :J
7.4J
~t-I'"J:W«I"\
Q.t-~U
D.S «wv 7l x x:en.x II«L x
W
6.2-1 I-8
rTJ
I
CJ1
I.188 W 30......>-~w
~t-:>
H '"128 t-21110:>~«I"\18~x
HI-H~U xm368
4:Wv x X
n.X:J 1:
I-W
Iil x x x x I-Iil
)) ) )
))~)) ))
#Si~§:Iv ~fQ ~tJ #~~4'~
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Figure E.5.75.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September,1981)
for Jay Creek -Site 3
(R.M.203.9,Geographic Code 31NOBE13BAC)
.J .,~~J 1 1 J t I •1 J 1 ;5 ~~
]J 1 J J ))1 )})l I ~J }1
A
>-E 390 15I-0
H"-
flz"i x>II )(
H 0270 >W-12
I-L ....lC!l"-X xU e 0>-Q)xg~160 x x (I)X Exxx(l)Ov Iii
Z 0 H
0-0
U E 30 6V
8.0-,W 21
x x ~x x x :J74JIk:I-11
J:W«A
Q.I-O::U
«Wv
7l
x X8.8 3D.X x1:X
W
6.2..J I-0
IT1
I
01
I 180 sa......Ww>-0::01 t-:J I X
HA 120 I-2B
O:J ~-«f"'I
10J
xHI-HO::U x
~3 a0
<CWv x
D.x
:J 1:I-W
e l-e
)))).)) ))))
~st ~.,;)~";1<8 #l'~"J:t "J~t''9'
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Figure E.5.76.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September,1981)
for Jay Creek -Site 4
(R.M.203.9,Geographic Code 31N08E13BAA)
f'\.
>.-e 3ge 16t-U
H'a I x :Ie>D WZn
H 021e >W-12t-L....J(J)'I :Ie :IeUea>-C»xE~168
)C :Ie II)X e g:Ie X X u>ovz0H
0-0
U E 3e 6v
8.e,w 21
x )C 0::
)C x :Ie :J7.'J ~t-...:r:W<Cn
Q.t-~u
'1«wv )C :Ie
8.8 3D.x )C
1::Ie
W
8.2...1 t-e
lTl
I
U'l
I 18e 3eI-'W
(.oj >-0:I0"1 I-:::>:Ie
H f'\.12"t-2aa:::>~«f'\.J x
Ht-HO:U )Cm3se«~v Ie )C
)C
:J :J:
I-W
")C x x
)C l-e
) )) ))) ))) )
~#~~~~JJ ~~~~v ~~fbI}'f''f'
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Figure E.5.77.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September,1981)
for Jay Creek -Site G
(R.M.203.9,Geographic Code 31N08E12DCB)
,
c.!J I j J
•••J !J I J J l )
j J t j i 1 J J 1 J ))J I I -~)1 1
">-E 390 15I-0
H'-Q>•WZI"t I X
H 0270 >W-12
I-L ..,J(J)'Q~X xUeQ>-0)g ~160 II)X e xx1I)0v xZ 0
x x x x H
0-0ue30 6v
8.0-,W 21
x Clxx:J74JxX~r ,.~X:r:W<tl"t
Q.I-C(U x«W V 7
x6.8 30-)C.
I:x
W
6.2-1 I-0
rr1
I
01
I 180 W '0I-'
(.oJ >-x C(I )C.....I-:J
H"120 I-20
O=>f'l~8 ~xHI-
g)3 60 «~V 10 x xx
:J x
l-x W
e l-e
)))) ))))))
~ii ~'v .;:,(-:j ~<8 ./~~~'v .,)CD ~(J~:s ~
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Figure E.5.78.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September,1981)
for Mainstem Susitna 50' upstream of Goose Creek (upper)
(R.M.~24.9,Geographic Code 30N11E32DBC)
">-E 390 15t-0
H'0 I lC>Il WZA
H 0270 >W-12
t-..c ..J ~,~x xu e 0>-Q)~~160 I/)XE g lC
1/)0 V xZ 0 HO-x )C x x 0
U E 30 x 6V
8.0,W 21
~
7.4J x "'~14~)C
J:)C )C W<l:A
XQ.x t-et::u)C c;(Wv 7e.8 ~a.)(lC
I:)(
W
6.2-1 t-0£Tl
I
0'1
I
t-'180 W 30w
00 >-et::
t-~~~lCH"120
Q::J et::<l:1"I
XHt-Het::U
~3 60 c;(~v 10 x lC
::))(
t-W
iii lC lC X X )(t-O
) ) ) ) )) }}} }.;~~sY ~~~(J .;-~~~v ~~~(J'l''l'
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Figure E.5.79.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September,1981)
for Goose Creek (upper)-Site 1
(R.M.224.9,Geographic Code 30NI1E32DBC)
I I J 5 J J J :1 J •I -J J J J J
..")-1 )']1 "1 1 J }1 ))-)J 1 j
.('\
>-e 390 ISr0
H'
o j )C>II W:Z;A
H 027111 >W-12 xr.I:..JUl'x
(J e 0>m~~IS0
II)X E g )C
11)0 v x
Z 0 Ho-x x x x Q
(J E 3111 x Sv
8.0-,w 21
Q:
::J
74J )(D:::r 1"1
J:)C W«A I )C
Q.)()(x rn:U x
6.8 <Wv
7 I~ll..)(
:I:)C )C
W
6.2..J I-"rn
I
U1
I 160 S0......Ww>-n:lO r ::J
H ('\120
b ..~)CQ::J n::.«A XHrHIXU
~3 S0 «~v 10 x
::J )(x
I-W
0 )()(r 0
))))))))))
~~~~V ~IQ (j ~~~v ~IQ r;;,<3'r ".i 'r
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERlOD
Figure E.5.80.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September,1981)
for Goose Creek (upper)-Site 2
(R.M.224.9,Geographic Code 30N11E32CDA)
1'\
>-e 380 15I-0
H'-
a j )(> •
WZI'\
H 0270 >w-12 xI-L ...,J(!),x
U e 0>-l])
~~16B cnXE lil xcnovx
Z 0 Ho-x x x x a
U E 3B x 8v
8.B,W 21
a:
:J7.4J x x Ct:1-I"'l xIw<tl'\XD.x x x I-Ct:u<wv8.8 :3:0..7l x
L :If:X
W
&.2-1 I-B,
'i rrrI
U1
I 18B 30I--'W
~>-Ct:a I-:>I x
H 1'\12B I-2Ba:>rt:<tl'\IB~:If:HI-HCt:U xm3SB
oe(Wv
0..x x:>~I-W
"x x x x x I-") ) ) ) )) )) ) )
I'#~~ro flJtJ .;-~~"~ro flJt3~~
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Figure E.5.81.Physiochemical parameters versus tim'(May-September,1981)
for Goose Creek (upper)-Site 3
(R.M.224.9,Geographic Code 30N11E32CDC)
J .~J .J J J I J.])J D J J J I J J
J -1 J }1 t )])J j '])~)B
A
>-E 390 1&I-U
I xH'0
>"WZI"\
H 0270 >w-']x
t-.I:....J(!),xU E o >-(J)g ~160 (l)XE lil X(l)Ov xZ 0 HO-X X X x a
U e 30 x 6v
8.0,W 21
IY
7.'J x "'~"~x:r:x x W«I"\x0-x lC t-IYU
e.8 «W v 7 x:J:n.
~x x
W
6.2-1 I-0
lTl
I
01
I IS0 W 30......
-i=>o >-IY......t-::>I x
H A 120 I-200::>1Y<tf"'l I x
HI-HIYU x
&13 60 <C W v 10n.I x x::>~
t-W
x x l-ta
))))))))))
~~~~v -,':;)14 ~~~~~~v ;::J"tJ (jjt'l''!)
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Figure E.5.82.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-Septemer,1981)
for Goose Creek (upp2r)-Site 4
(R.M.224.9,Geographic Code 29N11E05BBC)
/'\
>-E 390 IS....U
H'
o j x>II lJJZ/,\
H 027a >w-12 x.....c....Jc.D'XU E 0>-mg~160 lI>X e g xlI>Ou xZOHO-x x x X Q
U E sa x ev
8.a..,w 21
0:
74J x ~~"~x
I x X w</'\X
Q.x x ....Il:U
8.8 «wu x30.7 X XLw
rrl 6.2-1 I-0
I \Ul
I.....180 30.p.lJJ
N >-rt:....~~~xH/'\120
0::>0:</'\x
HI-HIl:U x~3 S0
c:(Wu.a.la x
:::l 1:x
I-W
0 x x x x x l-e
)) )
))) )
---------)))
#I"~v ,::J:J IJJ()./~~~~f4 '?()j ,.,'r
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Fi gure E.5.83.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September,1981)
for Goose Creek (upper)-Site 5
(R.M.224.9,Geographic Code 29NI1E05BCB)
I 8 ~~J J J J t ~J J i .J J I t )!
))J ..1 .)j J 1 1 J J 1 }]
1"'\
>-E 390 16....0
H'Q>II WZI"\XH0270>W -12
J.....r....J(!l ,
U e 0>-Q)X x
~~160 X (f)X e sa x(f)Ov
Z 0 x x x H
Q-O.
U E 3111 .6v
8.0,W 21
)c ~x x ::J7.4J x ~t-':J:r:W«I"\x
0..t-rtU<cwv x
8.8 311.x X
~
W
6.2..1 t-e
rrI
I
(j]
I 16111 X W 30
J--'>-~..j:::o t-:>w H 1"'\12111 t-20-1 X
O:J ~«I"\
H ....X HrtU
~3 60
X <4,JV 10~lC
ll.x lC
:J 1:....x W
0 ....0
))) ) )))) ))
I ~~~V .;J4 ",tJ ;-l'~V -!;)t::I (J
t't'Gj
SAMPI-ING PERIOD SAMPI-ING PERIOD
Figure E.5.84.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September,1981)
for Mainstem Susitna 50 11 upstream of Oshetna River
(R.M.226.9,Geographic Code 30N11E34CCD)
1"\
>-Esse ISI-0
H"-a>II WZf'l
~i 27ra >w-I2J x
...JW'x
U E 0>G~~160 Cl)X E sa :Ie
X Cl)OV X x
Z 0 x x Ho-x x 0
U E 30 8v
8.9,W 21
~x x :J
7"J x x ~I-':JIxWctl"\X
Q.I-~U x
8.8
oe(wv x x x:x a..
1:w
6.2-1 l-ra
I"T1
I
U'l
I
I-'ule w :S0
~>-~~I-:J
H 1"\120 I-2Q
O:J ~ctl"\
HI-Htl::U lra~x )(
~3 e0
<cwv x
a..x
::J :E x
I-W
"x x x x x I-"))))))) )
,);-~~~~ro tIrJ(}.;-~~v ~ro ti>,}(}'"~
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Figure E.5.85.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September,1981)
for Oshetna River -Site 1
(R.M.226.9,Geo~raphic Code 30NI1E34CCD)
~J J ,1 )~J 1 J j J J I J t I J )
]!1 )))-])}))t )
">-E 390 15t-0
H'Q>I)WZr.
H 0270 >W -12l :K )(
)Ct-L .....IW'U E 0>-m I
?5 ~160 ln X E Q )C x
)(lnOvZ0)(:K H
O-x x a
U E 30 6v
8.0,W 21
~x x )(:J
"']x a:::t-101
I x w<tr.7~D..t-a:::u x
<wv )(:K8.8 3D...:K~)C
W
6.2-1 t-.0
lTl
I
U1
I 180 30I--'W~>-a:::U1 t-:J
H"120 t-20 xQ:J a:::<t n J xHt-H·ct:U )C~3 60 «~v \0 )C )(
:J 1:t-W
0 x t-0
) ))))) )) ) )
~~~~~(:J ~./~~~v ~(:J r.:,<J~"3 ~
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Figure E.5.86.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September,1981)
for Oshetna River -Site 2
(R.M.226.9,Geographic Code 29N11E03BAB)
A
>-E 39B 15t-U
H'a>II WZI"'I
H 0270 >W-12l x xt-J:.....JW')C
U e 0>-m xi5~16B II)X e Q x
x II)au
Z u x x x Ho-x CI
U E 30 6v
8.0-,W 21
~x x x ::::>
74J x 0::1-I'"I x W<tl"'l 7~xQ..I-Ck:U
<CWV x x8.8 ::1:0-x xL
W
6.2-1 I-0
ITl
I
U1
I 16B 30......W
.po >-Ck:en t-~'OJHA120 )Ii
Q:)Il::<tl"'l
HI-HCk:U x
~3 6B <C ~v 10 )Ii x x
::::>L
l-x W
0 x x x )Ii I-0
)))) ))))) );-l',.')v ,:::ftJ rJ #,.')~~v ~f:J (;;Jt3.:s \"";i J J \"
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Figure E.G.87.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September,1981)
for Oshetna River -Site 3
(R.M.226.9,Geographic Code 29NLlE03BAC)
..:
I J 1 ,.J J J J J J I I .1 J J )J J ,I$
-j 1 1 1 ~J ))J -J J J .--J -]
r.
>-E 390 ISI-0
H'0>•WZr.
H 0270 >W -12l )C x
I-.!'......ltD,x
U e o >-(J)x~~160 V)XE"x
x V)Ov
Z 0 x x x Ho-x a
U e 30 6v
8.0.,W 21
0::x x :>x
7.4J
x ~I-I"I x W«r.7~)(D..I-Q!:U«wv x x8.8 30-x x
I:
W
6.2.J I-0m
I
01
I 180......W 30
~>-~j-.....I l-x
H r'\120 I-20 )(0::>o::::«r.
HI-HIl:U x
~3 60 «~u 10 x x
:J 1:
l-x W
0 x )()(x l-e
)))))) )) ))
~~~~v ~C::J fiJ<J #~~~v ~C::J ()~:s :s ~'!)
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Figure E.5.88.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September,1981)
for Oshetna River -Site 4
(R.M.226.9,Geographic Code 29N11E03ACB)
A
>.-e 39la 15I-0
H'-0>II WZA
H 021la >W-12l x x xI-L _J(!)......u e 0>-CD~~16a lI)XE 51 x x
x lI)Ov
Z 0 x )C HO-x )C 0
U E 30 6v
I8.8-,W 21
~x x ::J7.J x )C ~I-'1I)C W«A 1~)CQ.I-~U«Wv )C )C8.8 ~c..)C )C
1:
W
6.2....l I-
m
I
01
I le0 30......W
..f.::o :r ~
CO t-~j xHA120I-200:>~«A xHI-H~U )C~~60 «~v '0 x )C
::J L
I-W
a x l-e
)))))))) ) )
~':-'::J~sY .;::,(0 "'(}~~~~v .;::,(0 ",t8:i ,.,.
SAMPLING PERIOD SAMPLING PERIOD
Fi gure E.5.89.Physiochemical parameters versus time (May-September~1981)
for Oshetna River -Site 5
(R.M.226.9,Geographic Code 29N11E03ACC)
J J J J J J J ~j J I J J »J J J i ,J
Table E.5.4.Location and period of record for thermographs installed
in Susitna River drainage.Summer 1981 .
..-
PERIOD OF
LOCATION .R.M.T.R.M •RECORD GEOGRAPHIC CODES
.-
1.Alexander Creek 10.1 0.5 6/9-10/9 15N07W05CBC
2.Above Alexander Creek 10.1 6/6-7/15 15N07W05CDB
3.Yentna River 30.1 2.0 6/5-9/14 17N07W01CAB
4.Above Yentna River 32.3 6/6-10/9 17N06W07CDB
5.Deshka River 40.6 1.2 6/10-10/9 19N06W26CBB
~6.Abov'e Deshka Ri ver 40.6 --*19N06W35ACA
7.Little Willow Creek 50.5 1.0 6/24-9/30 20N05W23CBC
8.Above Little Willow Creek 50.5 6/24-9/29 20N05W27BAC
9.Kashwitna River 61.0 0.2 --*21N05W13AAA
10.Above Kashwitna River 61.2 8/30-9/27 21N05W13ABA
11.Montana Creek 77 .2 6/12-9/30 23N04W07AAB
12.Above Montana Creek 77 .5 6/12-8/29 23N04W06CAA
13.Sunshine (Park's Bridge)83.8 6/2-7/14 24N05W15BAD
14.Cache Creek Slough 95.5 --*26N05W35ADC
15.Talkeetna River 97.0 1.0 6/21-10/2 26N05W24BDA
i~16.Chulitna River 98.0 6/20-10/6 26N05W15DAA
17.Talkeetna Base Camp 103.0 6/20-10/7 27N05W26DDD
18.Fourth of July Creek 131.3 --*30N03W03DAC-19.Above Fourth of July Creek 131.3 6/16-9/28 .30N03W03DAB
20.Gold Creek 136.8 7/24-8/15 31N02W20BAA
21.Above Gold Creek 136.8 7/24-9/29 31N02W20BAA .
22.Indian River 138.7 7/18-9/29 31N02W09CDA.-23.Above Indian River 138.7 7/19-9/23 31N02W09DCB
24.Slough 19 (Intragravel)140.0 --*31NllW10DBB
25.Slough 19 140.0 8/27-9/15 31NllWlODBB
""""26.Slough 21 (Intragravel)142.0 8/27-9/29 31NllW02AAA
27.Slough 21 142.0 8/29-9/29 31NllW02AAA
28.Portage Creek 148.8 --*32N01W25CAC-29.Above Portage Creek 148.8 7/17-10/3 32N01W25CDA
.*no data collected
R.M.=River Mile
T.R.M.=Tributary River Mile
-i E-5-149
..
-----_.------
r.,.(
Figure E.5-~90-
Susitna -River •Thermograph anddra1nage.
_gage S1tes 1981.staff
-__E..~-=_u.12
r
r
r
[
r
[
r
r
[
[
[".rt,
t',:t
~
I
I
I
IE
r
L
1 j 1 1 1 j J 1 J 1 J J J l
213.13
f'\16.13
U
v 12.0
0-8.13
L
W 4.13t-
13.13/
213.13
rr1
I
c.n f'\16.13I
I-'Uc.n
v 12.13I-'
.,
0-8.0
L
W 4.13t-,
13.0
.-I .-1 1 1
JUN 1 JUN 15 JUN 29 JUL 13 JUL 27 AUG 113
,'.
J .--I-1 1 1 1
AUG 11 AUG 25 SEP 8 SEP 22 OCT 6 OCT 213
DATE
Figure E.5.91.Water temperature versus til:Je for Al~xander Creek (R.f:1.10.1,15N07W05'CBC).
.;
20.0
-01 16.0
U
v 12.0
Q..8.0
L
W 4.0I-
0.0
20.0
rn
I
01 16.0U1
I UI-'
U1
v 12.0N
Q..8.0
L
W 4.0I-
0.0
.-I .-I I -r
~UN 1 ~UN 15 ~UN 29 ~UL 13 ~UL 27 AUG 10
I---T-----------l I I I
AUG 1I AUG 25 SEP 8 SEP 22 OCT 6 OCT 20
DATE
Figure E.5.92.Water temperatures versus time for the mainstem Susitna River above Alexander
Creek (R.M.10.1,15N07W05CDB).
B J J )1 I J J I J ~~J )-~
J J 1 ---1 1 J J -1 'I
~
]
20.0
("'\16.0
U
v 12.0
(L 8.0
L
W 4.0~
0.0
20.0
ITJ
I
01 ("'\16.0I......U01
W v 12.0
0..8.0
L
W 4.0~
0.0
I ,---'-I I I -----,
~UN 1 ~UN15 ~UN 29 ~UL 13 ~UL 27 AUG 10
I ,I r-c -,-I
AUG 11 AUG 25 SEP 8 SEP 22 OCT 6 OCT 20
DATE
Figure E.5.93.Water Temperature versus time for the Yentna River (R.M.30.1,17N07WOICAB).
20.0
r\16.e
U
v 12.0
Q..8.0
L
W 4.0r-
0.0
20.0
fT1
I
r\16.001
I......U01
v 12.0+:0
0...8.0
L
W 4.0~
0.0
I --------T------------------T----n
-I I I
~UN 1 ~UN 15 ~UN 29 ~UL 13 ~UL 27 AUG 10
~-~
.....
----------I I ----------.-------T--- I I
AUG 1I AUG 25 SEP ~SEP 22 OCT 6 OCT 20
DATE
Figure E.5.94.Water temperature versus time for the mainstem Susitna River above the Yentna
River (R.M.32.3,17N06W07CDB).
".
]I i I J t ,I J J I j J J J J J J )
J }1 J J ---}--)j 1 ]]1 .~
20.0
'"16.0
U
v 12.0
0-8.0
L
W 4.0I-
0.0
20.0
m
I '"16.0U"1
I Ut-'
U"1 v 12.0U"1
0-8.0
L
W 4.0t-
0.0
1 I I I I -I
~UN 1 ~UN 15 ~UN 29 ~UL 13 ~UL 27 AUG 10 ~
I I r --------I I I
AUG 11 AUG 25 SEP 8 SEP 22 OCT 6 OCT 20
DATE
Figure E.5.95.Water temperature versus time for the Deshka River (R.M.40.6,19N06W26CBB).
20.0
1\16.0
U
v 12.0
0...8.0
L
W 4.0r-
0.0
20.0
fTl
I
1\16.0U'1
I U......
U'1
v 12.00'1
0..8.0
L
W 4.0r-
0.0
I ----I -I I I I
0UN 1 0UN 15 0UN 29 0UL 13 0UL 27 AUG 10
I I I I 1---------,
AUG 1I AUG 25 SEP'8 SEP 22 OCT 6 OCT 20
DATE
Figure E.5.96.Water temperature versus time for Little Willow Creek (R.M.50.5,20N05W23CBC).
J •J _J --1 )))i j I J J -~))J
1 1 j J 1 1 J J )1 I -1 J
I I I I I I
~UN 1 ~UN 15 ~UN 29 ~UL 13 ~UL 27 AUG 10
~"
20.0
r'\16.0
U
v 12.0
0....8.0
L
W 4.0.-
0.0
20.0
lTl
I
r'\16.0CJ1
I Ul--'
CJ1
v 12.0......
0....8.0
L
W 4.0.-
0.0
I I ----.--I -----1 I
AUG 11 AUG 25 SEP 8 SEP 22 OCT 6 OCT 20 •
DATE
Figure E.5.97.Water temperature versus time for the mainstem Susitna River above Little
Willow Creek (R.M.50.5,20N05W27BAC).
20.0
1"'\16.0
U
v 12.0
Q..8.0
L
W 4.0I-
0.0
20.0
ITt
I
1"'\16.0U1
I........UU1
v 12.0ex>
0-8.0
L
W 4.0I-
0.0
I I 1-----------T --I I
0UN 1 0UN 15 0UN 29 0UL 13 0UL 27 AUG 10
I I I ------ru I I ~
AUG 1I AUG 25 SEP 8 SEP 22 OCT 6 OCT 20
DATE
Figure E.5.98.Water temperature versus time for the mainstem Susitna River above Kashwitna
River (R.M.61.2,21N05W13ABA).
J J 1 t J J I ~J _J ))~-I )
J
20.0
r\16.0
U
v 12.0
0-8.0
L
W 4.0t-
0.0
20.0
I"T'I
I
r\16.0Ul
I UI-'
Ul v 12.0~
0-8.0
L
W 4.0t-
0.0
...)
1-··I I 1 -r---.·-··.1
,JUN 1 ,JUN 15 ,JUN 29 ,JUL 13 ,JUL 27 AUG 10
~
I 1 1 1 I I
AUG 1 1 AUG 25 SEP 8 SEP 22 OCT 6 OCT 20
DATE
]
Figure E.5.99.Water t~mperature versus time for Montana Creek (R.M.77.2,23N04W07AAB).
20.0
A 16.0
U
v 12.0
0..8.0
:L
W 4.0~
0.0
20.0
rn
I
A 16.0U1
I U......
0"1
v 12.00
0..8.0
:L
W 4.0t-
0.0
~
I I I I I I
0UN 1 0UN 15 0UN 29 0UL 13 '0UL 27 AUG 10
.-I I I I I
AUG 1I AUG 25 SEP 8 SEP 22 OCT 6 OCT 20
DATE
Figure E.5.100.Water temperature versus time for the mainstem Susitna River above Montana
Creek (R.M.77.5,23N04W06CAA).
I 1 1 )J J I 1 J J .I I ;J J J 1
1 ]-)1 1 1 i ]1 -)
20.0
r"\16.0
U
v 12.0
0..6.0
L
W 4.0.-
0.0
20.0
rn
I
r"\16.0(Jl
I U......
0'1
v 12.0......
0....8.0
L
W 4.0.-
0.0
/'
I I -----I I I I
0UN 1 0UN 15 0UN 29 0UL 13 0UL 27 AUG 10
I -,--I -T ,-~I
AUG 11 AUG 25 SEP 8 SEP 22 OCT 6 OCT 20
DATE
Figure E.S.IOI.Water temperature versus time for themainstem Susitna River at the Parks
Highway Bridge (R.M.83.8,24N05WI5BAD).
20.0
,......16.0
U
v 12.0
0..8.0
L
W 4.0~
0.0
20.0
['TJ
I
U1 ,......16.0I
~UO"l
N v 12.0
0-8.ra
Lw 4.0~
0.0
!I I I------T---I
JUN 1 JUN 15 JUN 29 JUL 1~JUL 27 AUG 10
I I I I I i
AUG 1I AUG 25 SEP 8 SEP 22 'OCT 6 OCT 20
DATE
Figure E.5.102.Water temperature versus time for the Talkeetna River (R.M.97.0,26N05W24BDA).
.I ,J J I ,J J ]J )J )1 )I j !
1 I J 1 1 }---1 1 )J J ]-1
------I I I I --,--P-------I
~UN 1 ~UN 15 ~UN 29 ~UL 13 ~UL 27 AUG 10
20.0
1\16.0
U
v 12.0
.
0..8.0
L
W 4.0.-
0.0
20.0
lT1
I
U"1 1\16.0I
I--'UenwV 12.0
0..8.0
L
W 4.0t-
..
~
.----------------,I ,I ,------
AUG 11 AUG 25 SEP 8 SEP 22 OCT 6 OCT 20
DATE
Figure E.5.103.Water temperature versus time for the Chulitna River (R.M.98.0,26N05W15DAA).
l---~---l--.---.------T--T---I I
~UN 1 ~UN 15 ~UN 29 ~UL 13 ~UL 27 AUG lei
20.0
f"\16.0
U
v 12.0
0...8.0
L:
W 4.0I-
0.0
20.0
I'T'I
I
f"\16.0c.n
I UI--'
O'l
v 12.0,.J::o
0...8.0
L:
W 4.0t--
0.eI
~
'-
I ---,--------._-------,---1-I I
AUG 1 1 AUG 25 SEP 8 SEP 22 OCT 6 OCT 20
DATE
Figure E.5.104.Water temperature versus time for the mainstem Susitna River at the AA
Talkeetna fishwheel camp (R.M.103,27N05W26DDD).
J J J J ,J .J t J i ~J 1 J J J ~J J
I 1--I 1 1 J -I '-1 ]j 1 J
I I ---r-I I I
0UN 1 0UN 15 0UN 29 0UL 13 0UL 27 AUG 10
20.0
"16.0
U
v 12.12'
0..8.0
:E
W 4.0I-
12'.0
20.12'
['TJ
I
U1 "16.0I......Uen
V 12.0U1
0..8.12'
L
W 4.0I-
0.12'
~~
I I II I I
AUG 1I AUG 25 SEP 8 SEP 22 OCT 6 OCT 20
DATE
Figure E.5.105.Water temperature versus time for the mainstem Susitna River above Fourth of
July Creek (R.M.131.3,~ON03W93DAB).
20.0
()16.0
U
v 12.121
CL 8.0
L
W 4.0t-
0.0
-
20.,0
ITI
I
(Jl ()16.0I
I-'U0"1
v 12.00"1
0..8.0
L
W 4.0t-
0.0
-----
~--~--r-·I I I I
~UN 1 ~UN 15 ~UN 29 ~UL 13 ~UL 27 AUG 10
I I I I I --1
AUG 1 I AUG 25 SEP 8 SEP 22 OCT 6 OCT 2121
DATE
Figure E.5.106.Water temperature versus time for Gold Creek (R.M.136.8,31N02W20BAA).
D J !J J J ,J I •J !I J 1 1 J 1 •
-;1 J 1 ]j ]I )
r-n .....---n--T---r--------·I I I I
JUN 1 JUN 15 JUN 29 JUL 13 JUL 27 AUG 10
20.0
r"\16.0
U
v 12.0
0...8.0
L
W 4.0l-
0.0
20.0
IT'1
I
r"\16.0c.n
I U......
'"v 12.0........
0...8.0
L:
W 4.0l-
0.0
~~~~
---
I I I I I I
AUG 11 AUG 25 SEP 8 SEP 22 OCT 6 OCT 20
DATE
Figure E.5.107.Water temperature versu~time for the mainstem Susitna River above Gold Creek
(R.M.136.8,31N02W20BAA).
__-r-
~
I I I I I . I
0UN 1 0UN 15 0UN 29 0UL 13 0UL 27 AUG 1/21
20.0
f'\16.0
U
v 12./21
Q 8.0
L
W 4.0r-
0.0
20.0
1TI
I
f'\16.001
I UI-'
O"l v 12.000
0...8./21
L
W 4.0r-
/21./21
---------------
I I --r-----------------T--I -'I -----
AUG 1 I AUG 25 SEP 8 SEP 22 OCT 6 OCT 20
DATE
Figure E.5.108.Water temperature versus tim8 for Indian River (R.M.138.7,31N02W09CDA).
J J !J I _J J J J I I I J J J J J J J
j 1 1
20.0
1"\16.0
U
v 12.0
0..8.0
L
WI-4.0
0.0
1 1 J j 1 j j j
~
J
<'"
I 1
20.0
rn
J..1"\16.0
..!...u
~v 12.0
0....8.0
L
WI-4.0
0.0
I I I I I I
~UN 1 ~UN 15·~UN 29 ~UL 13 ~UL 27 AUG 10
~
'-
I I I I I I
AUG 11 AUG 25 SEP 8 SEP 22 OCT 6 OCT 20
DATE
Figure E.5.109.Water temperature versus time for the mainstem Susitna River above Indian
River (R.M.138.7,31N02W09DCB).
20.0
r\16.0
U
v 12.0
0..8.0
~
W 4.0r-
0.0
20.0
(T'I
I
r\16.001
I U......
........v 12.0a
.0...8.0
~
W 4.0r-
0.0
I I I I ~~_~~m_~--'~~l-I
~UN 1 ~UN 15 ~UN 29 ~UL 13 ~UL 27 AUG 10
-------........
I I I I I '~r
AUG 11 AUG 25 SEP 8 SEP 22 OCT 6 .oCT 20
DATE
Figure E.5.110.Water temperature versus time for Slough 19 (R.M.140.0,31N11WIODBB).
-)t J I !1 I •)J ,J J 1 J I J J I
j 1 1 1 -)j 1 1 }J
20.0
fl 16.0
U
v 12.0
0...8.0
:L
W 4.0I-
0.0
20.0
rn
I
01 fl 16.0I
I-'U'.J......v 12.0
0-8.0
:L
W 4.0I-
0.0
1 1------J I r'-I
,JUN 1 ,JUN 15 ,JUN 29 ,JUL 13 ,JUL 27 AUG 10
I 1 J I T--n
-----J
AUG 11 AUG 25'SEP 8 SEP 22 OCT 6 OCT 20
DATE
Figure £.5.111.Intergravel temperature versus time for Slough 21 (R.M.142.0,31N11W02AAA).
20.0
A 16.0
U
v 12.0
Q..8.0
L:
W 4.0r-
0.0
20.0
lT1
I
(J'l A 16.0I......U""-J
v 12.0N
0...8.0
L:
W 4.0I-
0.0
I I I ~--m___I I I
~UN 1 ~UN 15 ~UN 29 ~UL 13 ~UL 27 AUG 10
I I I ,--I I
AUG 1I AUG 25 SEP 8 SEP 22 OCT 6!OCT 20
DATE
Figure E.5.112.Water temperature versus time for Slough 21 (R.M.142.0,31N11W02AAA).
1\!J ~I J )J J J s i 1 I J J J.)J ]
"1 J 1 "1 J J J J "1 J )1 }1 ")]i
1 1 I I I I
~UN 1 ~UN 15 ~UN 29·~UL 13 ~UL 27 AUG 1121
,I I I I ,---I
AUG 1 I AUG 25 SEP 8 SEP 22 OCT 6 OCT 20
DATE
~-----....,./
20.0
f\16.0
U
v 12.0
0...8.0
L'
W 4.0..-
0.0
20.0
rn
I
f\16.0U1
I UI-'......
v 12.0w
0-8.0
:L
W 4.0t-
0.0
Figure E.5.113.Water temperature versus time for the mainstem Susitna River above Portage
Creek (R.M.148.8,32N01W25CDA).
Table E.5.5.Location of staff gages installed in the Susitna River drainage.~
Summer 1981.
STAFF RIVER ~
LOCATION GAGE #MILE GEOGRAPHIC CODE
Fish Creek YEOllA 7.0 15N07W27AAC ~,
Alexander Creek Site A YE021B 10.1 15N07W06DCA
YE021A .,'
Alexander Creek Site B YE031A 10.1 16N07W32CCB
Alexander Creek Site C YE041A 10.1 16N07W30ACD ~
YE041B'
YE042A
Anderson Creek YE051B 23.8 17N07W29DDD -YE051A
Y~052A
Kroto Slough Mouth YE061A 30.1 17N07W01DBC
YE061B
YE061C
YE061D
Mid-Kroto Slough YE071A 36.3 18N06W16BBC
YE071B
YE072A
Mainstem Slough YE081A 31.0 17N06W05CAB ~
YE082A
YE083A
YE081B ~
YE082B
YE083A
Deshka River Site A YE091A 40.6 19N06W35BDA
,YE091B
YE092A
YE092B
Deshka River Site B YEl01A 40.6 19N06W26BCB ~
YEl01B
YEl01C
YE101D ....,
Deshka River Site C YElllA 40.6 19N06W14BCA
YElllB
YEl12A
Lower Delta Island YEl21A 44.0 19N05W19ACB ~"
YEl22A 44.0 19N05W19ADC
YE123A 45.0 19N05W17BCD
YE124A 45.0 19N05W17BCB ~
Little Willow Creek YE131A 50.5 29N05W27AAD
YE132A 50.5 29N05W23CBC
YE133A 50.5 29N05W27BAC
Rustic Wilderness SUOllA 58.1 2HlO5W25CBD
SUOllB
SUOllC
Kashwitna River SU021A 61.0 21N05W13AAA ~
SU022A
E-5-174 ~
"'''''
Table E.5.5 (Continued)
STAFF RIVER
LOCATION GAGE #MILE.GEOGRAPHIC CODE
Caswell Creek SU03lA 63.0 2lN04W06BDD
SU03lB
SU03lC
Slough West Bank SU04lA 65.6 22N05W27ADC
~SU04lB
SU04lC
Sheep Creek Slough SU05lA 66.1 22N04W30BAB
SU05lB
Goose Creek (Lower)1 SU06lA 72.0 23N04W3lBBC
SU06lB
Goose Creek (Lower)2 SU071A 73.1 23N04W30BBB
SU072A
SU073A
SU072B
~SU073B
SU073C
Mainstem West Bank SU08lA 74.4 23N05W13BCC
r-SU08lB
SU08lC
Montana Creek SU09lA 77 .0 23N04W07ABA
.-SU092A
,SU093A
Rabideux Creek SUlOlA 83.1 23N05W16DDA
Mainstem 1 TA011A 84.0 24N05WlODCC,..TA011B
Sunshine Creek TA021A 85.7 24N05W14AAB
TA02lB
Birch Creek Slough TA03lA 88.4 25N05W25DCC
TA03lB
Bi rch Creek TA04lA 89.2 25N05W25ABD-TA04lB
Cache Creek Slough TA05lA 95.5 26N05W35ADC
TA05lB
Whiskers Creek Slough TA071A 101.2 26N05W03ADB
TA071B
TA072A
Whiskers Creek TA08lA 101.4 26N05W03AAC
TA08lB
Slough 6A TA09lA 112.3 28N05W13CAC
TA09lB-TA092A
Lane Creek TAlOlA 113.6 28N05W12ADD
TAl02A
TAl03A
TAl03B
TAl03C
TAl04A
~Mainstem 2 TAlllA 114.4 28N04W06CAB
TAlllB
~E-5-l75
~,
Table E.5.5 (Continued)
"STAFF RIVER
LOCATION GAGE #MILE GEOGRAPHIC CODE
Mainstem Susitna -Curry GC011A 120.7 29N04W10BCD --GC011B
Susitna Side Channel GC021A 121.6 29N04WllBBB
GC021B
Mainstem Susitna -Gravel Bar GC031A 123.8 30N04W26DDD ~
GC031B '1
"-GC031C
Slough 8A GC041A 125.3 30N03W30BCD ~
IGC042A
Fourth of July Creek GC051A 131.1 30N03W03DAC
GC051B ...GC052A
GC052B
Slough 10 GC061A 133.8 31N03W36AAC
GC061B
GC061C
GC061D
Slough 11 GC071A 135.3 31N02W19DDD ~
I
GC072A
GC071B
Mainstem Susitna -Inside Bend GC081A 136.9 31N02W17CDA
GC081B
GC081C
Indian River GC091A 138.6 31N02W09CDA
GC091B
GC091C
GC091D
GC092A
GC092B
GC092C
GC092D
Slough 20 GC101A 140.1 31N02W11BBC
GC101B
GCI01C
GC102A ~
GC102B
Mainstem Susitna -Island GC1llA 146.9 32N10W27DBC
GC1l2A
GC112B
GC1l2C
GC1l2D
Portage Creek GC121A 148.8 32N01W25CDB
GC121B
GC121C
GC121D P'S'
GC121E
GC122A
GC122B
GCl22C
GC123A
E-5-176
"""
Table E.5.5 (Continued)
STAFF RIVER
LOCATION GAGE #MILE GEOGRAPHIC CODE·
~Sunshine Base Camp
Fishwheel EB 1 SBOllA 79.0 24N05W36BDC
SB012A
SB012B
Fishwheel EB 2 SB021A 81.0 24N05W25BAD
Fishwheel WB 2 SB031A 81.0 24N05W26BAA
Fishwheel WB 3 SB041A 81.0 24N05W23CCA
r Talkeetna Base Camp
East Bank Sonar TB011A 101.0 27N05W26DDA
Upper East Fishwheel TB021A 101.0 27N05W26DDD
Upper West Fishwheel TB031A 101.0 27N05W26DAC
1 Lower East Fishwheel TB041A 101.0 27N05W35AAA
Lower West Fishwheel TB051A 101.0 27N05W35AAB
West Bank Sonar TB061A 101.0 27N05W26DDB
Curry Base
In Front of Camp CB011A 120.0 27N04W16DBA
CBOllB-CBOllC
CBOllD
Lower East Fishwheel CB021A 120.0 29N04W16DBD
"""CB021B
I West Bank Fishwheel .CB031A 120.0 29N04W10BCC
E-5-177
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DATE
Fi9urC E:.5.114.,Stage versus time for the AA Sunshine fishwheel and sonar site (RM 79.0 t 24N05W36BDC).
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DATE
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o
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9/4 9/8
Fidurc E.5.115.Stage versus time for the AA Sunshine west bank fishwhecl site (RM 81.0,24N05~J23CCA).
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6/26 6/30 714 718 7/12 7/16 7120 7/24 7128 811
DATE
Figure E.5.116.Stage versus time for the AA Talkeetna fishwheel and sonar site (RM 101.0,.
27N05W26DDA).
J J J J J J I J J J j J .~1 1 l 1 J
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6/27 715 7/13 7121 7129 9/6 8/14 8/22 8/30 917 9/16 9/23
DATE
Figure E,5.117 Stage versui time for the AA Curry fishwheel sHe (R.~1.120.0,27N04W16DBA).
I ,~I J J I J fi )!I J l J ]J ~
5.1.2.5 Incidental Data
Incidental point specific and general habitat evaluation data were collected
by AA and AH personnel at identified salmon spawning areas,redds and other
special study areas (ADF&G 1981a,Appendix EH,Tables EH-1 -EH-6).Point
specifi c and general habitat eva 1uati on data were a 1so co 11 ected at known
Bering Cisco spawning areas.The latter of these data are included in the
1981 Resident and Juvenile Anadromous Fisheries Species/Subject Su Hydro
report (ADF&G 1981c).
5.1.2.6 Point Specific Data
Point specific data (depth,velocity and substrate)were collected at each
gear placement site.These data were collected to attempt to characterize the
range of these parameters associated with the various species and life stages
of fish in various habitats where they were captured.It should be noted that
some of the fishery gear (i.e.minnow traps,trot lines and burbot sets)were
baited and thus lured the fish into the habitat sampled.Point specific data
at gear placements are presented by gear type and fish species in Appendix EI.
5.1.2.7 Winter Data
Point specific and general habitat evaluation data were collected at several
sites selected for placement of the RJ sampling gear*.These data are
*Refer also to the 1981 RJ report (ADF&G 1981c).
E-5-183
presented in Table EJ-1,Appendix EJ.Collection of AH data was limited
because sampling equipment did not arrive until late spring.Equipment used,
was therefore borrowed.Unfortunately thi s equi pment proved,more often than
not,unsuited to the cold winter environment.As a result,the first winter
sampling season primarily served as a training phase for developing winter
techniques and defining equipment specifications which would be suited to the
cold environment.Winter 1981-82 sampling will generate data to augment the
data presented in this report.
5.2 Selected Habitat Evaluation
5.2.1 Methods
5.2.1.1 Physiochemical*
Water quality and discharge data were collected on a cooperative basis with
the USGS at five selected habitat evaluation study sites.Sampling was timed
to coincide with other USGS sampling of the mainstem Susitna River at the Gold
Creek bridge.A sampling site within each selected habitat evaluation study
site was chosen to ensure that a representative sample would be obtained in an
area where the s~mpling apparatus would operate most efficiently.USGS stan-
dard sampling procedures were followed.Discharge was measured using a Price
AA or pygmy flow meter.Five points along a transect,perpendicular to the
*Specific methods are presented in Appendix EG.
E-5-184
-
~,
'"'"
-
-
-
flow,were selected to divide the discharge into 20%increments.At each of
these points,a depth integrated water sampl e was collected using a DH-75
sampler.These five samples were then composited using a Il c hurn splitterll
,a
device that thoroughly mixes the samples.Portions were withdrawn and treated
appropriately for shipment to the USGS laboratory in Colorado for analysis of
nutrients,sediments,cations and trace metals listed in Table 2.Field
parameters (dissolved oxygen,specific conductance,pH,and temperature)were
measured using a Hydrolab Model 4041 at each of the five sampling points on
the transect.Substrate was categorized as shown in Table E.5.1.
Thermographs were placed in two sloughs (l9 and 21)to measure surface and
intragravel water temperatures.The intragravel thermographs were enclosed ;n
weighted fry traps and buried approximately one foot beneath the surface of
the substrate.Surface water temperature therrnographs were enclosed ;n
we.ighted fry traps and placed upon the substrate.Each was secured to the
shore using 1/4 inch wire cable.
5.2.1.2 Surveying Methods
Transects were surveyed to defi ne general hydraul ic characteri sti cs of the
selected habitat study sloughs.Transects were located at the head (upstream
confluence with the mainstem)and at the mouth (downstream confluence)of each
slough to relate mainstem water surface elevation to the sloughs.Transects
were also placed'to characterize major control points,pools and riffles.
Transects were marked on each bank with headpins consisting of four foot
secti ons of 1/2 inch rebar.A 1/2 inch four foot reba r secti on was also
E-5-185
installed to designate bench marks at each slough with the exception of Slough
21.A project benchmark (LRX-56)established by R&M Consultants was
referenced ~s the Slough 21 benchmark.Headpins and benchmarks were driven
into the ground~leaving approximately 3 inches above the surface in areas on
the bank that were located~where possible~above the high water mark.
Benchmarks were distinguished from headpins by capping them with a seal
stamped ADF&G.Standard surveying techniques using a Lietz B-2 level~rod~
and fiberglass tape~were employed to determine the cross sections~diagonal
and longitudinal distances between each head pin and head pin elevations.
Elevations were referenced to the ADF&G bench marks which were later
refer~nced to nearby project elevation datums previously established by R &M
Consultants.Cross sectional profiles were plotted for each transect to
illustrate the morphology of the channel.A Topcon DMS1 Electronic Distance
Measuring system and Raytheon DE-719-B depth sounder were modi fi ed for use
with a boat boom suspension system (Plate 10)for surveying deep water and
wide river stretches.
Substrate was photographed along each transect using a grid (Plate 3)to
characterize substrate types and were referenced to the left bank head p"in.
Photographs were labeled and filed for later reference.
Discharge was measured along one transect in each slough.A staff gage was
also installed at these discharge sites.Discharge and stage were determined
in order to begin a period of record from which to develop stage discharge
relationships with subsequent measurements.Staff gages were also installed
in the mainstemriver within the vicinity of the selected study slough
E-5-186
~-
I'Tl
I
01
I.......
CO
""-J
Plate 8.Use of a Leitz B-2 survey level for surveying in the selected habitat study sloughs.
"
-.,.,-'"
E-5-188
.".........
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,
.,
'.
,
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.
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""
Plate 10.Use of an EOM distance finder for detenmining cross section profiles.
locations to characterize whether the aquatic habitat of the sloughs was
influenced by changes in mainstem discharge.
•
5.1.2.3 Site Selection
The five selected habitat evaluation sites studied are sloughs located along
the Susitna River from approximately five miles downstream of Sherman (R.M.
131)to approximately four miles upstream of Indian River (R.M.138.5).These
sites with their respective river miles and geographic codes are presented
below:
Site River Mile Geographic Code
Slough 8A 125.5 30N 03W 30 BCD
Slough 9 129.0 30N 03W 16 ABC
USGS Mainstem Site @ Gold Creek Bridge 136.7 31N llW 20 BAC
Slough 16B 138.0 31N llW 17 ABO
Slough 19 140.0 3Hl llW 10 DBB
Slough 21 142.0 31N llW 02 AAA
The sites were selected to represent varied types of habitat and fishery
activities (spawning and rearing),as determined from fishery,water quantity
and quality baseline data collected by the ADF&G (1974,1978,1979),
di scuss ions with personnel from Acres Ameri can,Inc.and R & M Consul tants,
and by a reconnaissance trip to the study area in June,1981 by ADF&G Su Hydro
and USGS personnel.An additional objective was to select sites which would
characterize the general hydraulic conditions of sloughs in the river above
E-5-19O
the confluence of the Talkeetna River and below Devil Canyon.Table E.5.6
illustrates the parameters chosen in selecting the sites and how each slough
compared.
A comparative analysis of the parameters presented in Table E.5.6 indicates
that each slough is relatively unique.An overview of the sites illustrates
how slough 8A with a pH range of 7.0-7.5 and a specific conductance of 88-98
contrasted with slougr 168 which had a pH range of 6.2-7.2 and a conductivity
of 85 while both were sites of coho and chinook rearing.Slough 19 was
selected due to its relatively high range of specific conductance (140-150),
and its population of sockeye spawners and coho rearing fish.Additional
-chinook fry have not been observed in this slough whereas slough 21 (upstream)
and slough 16B (downstream)each supported chinook fry.Slough 9 was selected
because it supported hi gh numbers of coho spawners and numbers of sockeye
(spawners)and few salmonid fry.Slough 21 was chosen being a site of high
numbers of chum spawners with both chinook and coho fry.
5.2.2 Findings
5.2.2.1 Site Descriptions.
Slough 21 (Appendix EA,Figure EA-77)is a forked,open channel stream
approximately 0.5 miles in length with sloping 5 foot cutbanks.The main
source of water is generated from the mainstem Susitna River except during
periods of low discharge.At low discharge of the mainstem,the slough is fed
by a small,clearwater tributary entering the northeast channel of the slough.
This with ground water percolation maintains water in the main channel and
E-5-191
Table E.5.6.Matrix of parameters used to select the five selected
habitat evaluation study sites.
Chinook Coho Chum Sockeye Coho
Site RM Habitat Spawning Spawning Spawning Spawning Rearing Rearing pH Cond
8A 125.5 Backwater 0 0 ----+ +7.0-7.5 88-98
Open
9 129.0 Channel 0 +++-0 +7.0 N/A
Open
16B 138.0 Channel 0 0 -- --+ +6.2-7.2 60-85
rn
I
~Backwater
~19 140.0 Spring Fed 0 0 --++0 +7.1-7.8 140-150
~
Open
21 142.0 Channel 0 0 ++++ + +7.5 N/A
+++very hi gh
++high
+present
low
very low
o absent
N/A not available
J I t I I !)J I I ~I ;1 1 1 ,
-
.....
i"""
I
""'"I
r
northeast channel,while the northwest channel is dewatered.The substrate,
from the mouth upstream approximately 750 feet,is composed primarily of silt
sparsely interspersed with gravel and cobble.Above this portion in the main
channel and northeast channel the substrate is composed of silt,gravel and
rubble.It was in these channels that all spawning activity was observed.
,The northwest channel substrate consisted primarily of rubble and cobble
'I
interspersed with gravel.No fish were observed spawning in this site here
during the sampling period.The channel was also the first to dewater.The
northeast channel due to the contribution of a small tributary was never found
dewatered nor was the main channel of the slough.
Slough 19 (Appendix EA,Figure EA-78)is a spring fed stream backed up at its
mouth by the Susitna River which forms a pool for approximately half the
length of the slough.The slough is approximately 0.2 miles long and has the
unique feature of being completely spring fed.The banks are sloping five
foot cutbanks in the upper portion and generally sloping throughout the lower
portion.The substrate is composed of 100%silt with scant aquatic vegetation
from the mouth upstream approximately 200-300 feet.Above this the substrate
is primar"i.ly gravel with a layer of silt ending with cobble and rubble near
the head of the slough.Sockeye were observed spawning in the slough.Redds
were located by noting areas where the fish had fanned the silt to access the
underlying gravel.
Slough 16B (Appendix EA,Figure EA-79)is an unobstructed channel approxi-
mately 0.4 mile in length consisting of steep cutbanks along the entire length
on both sides which range from 1-5 feet in height.The substrate is fairly
E-5-193
I I
homogeneous throughout,consisting primarily of gravel and rubble.The main
source of flow is from the mainstem Susitna River which enters the head of the
slough discharging at the mouth.During periods of low mainstem discharge,
groundwater percolation contributes most of the water as the head of the
slough is dewatered,isolating the slough from the mainstem influence.
Although spawning was not observed during our surveys,a few chum salmon
carcasses were found in dewatered areas within the slough.
Slough 9 (Appendix EA,Figure EA-80)is an unobstructed channel approximately
1.2 mi 1es long havi ng s 1opi ng six-foot cutbanks and substrate composed of
gravel,rubble and cobble.The main source of water for the slough consists
of flow from the mainstem Susitna River except during periods of low dis-
charge:Two small tributaries,which are located on the northeast and
southeast banks,maintain flow in the slough during low discharge periods.
They provide the entire low flow discharge.
Slough 8A (Appendix EA,Figure EA-81),is approximately 1.8 miles in length.
The initial 1/4 mile from the mouth upstream is influenced by the mainstem
Susitna River.Except during periods of extreme low flows,a backwater area
is created in this strecth of the slough.Above this section,the flow is
unobstructed except for the middle section of the slough which contains beaver
dams.Slough 8A can be characterized as having sloping six-foot cutbanks and
six i1headsil which contribute flow from the mainstem except for periods of low
mainstem di scharge.Duri ng those peri ods,flow is generated through
groundwater percolation and release from beaver dams.Sockeye and chum salmon
were observed spawning in the lower stretches of the slough.Slougn 8A was
E-5-194
~,
-
....
the longest of the 5 sloughs sampled and exh"ibited the greatest diversity .
.-Transects were located only at the Ilhead ll and mouth of Sloughs 8 and 9 due to
their length .
.....
I
5.2.2.2 Morphometry Data
,"'"The survey data included·head-pin and cross section elevations,and longi-
tudinal,diagonal and hori~ontal distances.Waters edge locations and head-pin
distances are illustrated in Figures E.5.118-E.5.120.Cross sectional
--
profiles of the slough mouth and head portion were also plotted (Figures
E.5.121-E.5.136)to provide a basis for illustrating the stage required from
the mainstem to provide flow into the study sites.Head pin and cross section
elevations are presented in Appendix EE,Tables EE-1 -EE-16.Morphometric
maps (Figures E,5.137-E,5.139)were developed from the survey data in order to
characterize the potential availability of wetted habitat.
5.2.2.3 Stage/Discharge Data
Stream discharge and stage measurements were recorded from June to September,
1981.Table E,5.7 illustrates the mainstem and slough stage changes versus
time and discharge.Mainstem discharge,as determined from the USGS gaging
station at Gold Creek,is presented in Appendix EF,Figure EF-l.Together,
the two sets of data permit comparison of mainstem and study slough flows.
E-5-195
-.
u.J
t.!:I u.Je::c t.!:Iz:u.J l-e ::c-e u.J z:5Q.In --=3 In CI.-e u.J =3etI-=u.J eI-u.J et u.J I-et I-U ::C12 3 I-et 0 u.J Uu.J :i 31-::C u.JInl-I-V)
~~::c l-I-z:t.!:I Q.U.U.et ~=- -
0 u.J u.J =I-==I-...l ...l I-
~~
1 15.6 23.8 56.0 95.4 ~~~
2 7.4 28.9 52.6 88.9
3 20.8 13.8 46.5 81.1 I....I....
4 35.6 43.3 25.5 104.4 ~~~
5 57.5 32.5 3~8 93.8 ~....,
6 60.6 21.7 8.1 90.4
7 36.2 26.2 17.1 79.5
8 15.5 53.4 14.6 83.5
9 9.4·42.4 27.2 79.0
10 35.0 29.8 7.3 72.1 @ ~
11 49.2 18.6 15.0 82.8 @
12 21.8 29.1 25.1 76.0
13 7.5 68.8 16.0 92.3 ~
14 32.3 42.4 3.4 78.1
15 7.8 39.1 27.0 73.9
16 14.0·37.8 30.5 82.3 ~
17 dry 195.5
JlIi'l!!l"',
Figure £.5.118.Waters edge location and head pin distance for Slough 16
(R.M.139,31N11W17ABD).
£-5-196
)J -1 .1 1 J 1 1
----1 ]1 j 1 1 'j 1 J
CD
®I'I (IT'~
LJJ
(!J lLl
@ +~b-\'!~I 0 ;;I:C'z:lLl b 0 ::r:
>-4 lLl Z t-a..U')...........Cltt:~Vl a..>-4
CI LJJ IX:3
'hWt c:C t-O:::lLl Cl@t-LJJ c(lLl t-Oc:C t-
U :x:0 3 t-c:Ct-lLl Uj.,lLl t-o::(:3 ::r:lLl
Vl t-.t-3 Vl
~~~:J:X t-t-.z
(!J (!J a..LI-I.L c(
0::-t-4 .....0 W W IX:
®t-/rx c:::t-...J ...J t-~~
0 •HEADPIN
~1 48.8 2.4 55.5 106.7.......~2 .50.0 31.4 34.0 115.40-BENCH MARK
~......3 42.9 34.2 27.5 104.6!...DIRECTION OF FLOW ®4 15.3 18.7 23.3.57.3
I
5 28.8 30.0 11.6 70.4: Irr-TRANSECT NUMBER (j)6 12.6 9.3 18.6 40.5
c.n 7 7.4 10.8 17.8 36.0I
'.....
35.21.0 8 --dry --.......
®9 11.0 5.5 10.1 26.6
®10 6.6 :'3.9 5.7 16.2
@)
r 100 200,~I
scale feel
Figum E.5.1l911,~aters edge location and head pin distance for Slough 19 (R.M.140,31NllW10DBB).
IT'I
I
01
I......
lD
00
li-J'Z rill.:...
o ~HEADPIN
e =BENCH MARK
I =DIRECTION OF FLOW ~\rj\.~I til
iIC S Ii}Set>=TRANSECT NUMBER ...i!iil--=-I'l ...-a:i~~=-....i ~I :J:~
!i :i ~t:t:!e~'I--...w ~Qr:•~....
J-f 1 1 --dry --159.1
lA --dry --57.6
18 --dry --78.3
:!--dry --109.7
2A ~.8 9.9 Zl.O 63.7
3 8.3 27.2 80.0-U5.5
4 43.4 23.5 29.8 96.1
5 26.8 38.!lJ.3 78.2
5A 7.9 11.5 32.4 51.8
6 7.9 23.3 69.0 100.2
7 U.8 24.7 89.6 126.1
8 7.0 40.1 39.3 86.4
9 12.8 52-.5 40.1 105.4
10 10.3 8:U .22.6 116.1
II 1.9 85.2 19.1 112.2
12 8.8 61.6 47.0 117.4
U 6.8 40.S 86.2 141.5
Figure E.5.120 Waters edge location and head pin distance for Slough 21 (R,M.142,31NllW02AA).
~J I ';J .,~J 1 1 J I •I J J ~-
·-1 1 l j J 1 J J 1 -.j )j
10
I-
UI
UI
U.U I.tt bank
Z
ITl -.8
Ic.n :I:
,I
........I-
1..0 Q.1..0 W
Q
0
r*I h.oc;t pin
o high bonk
Survey Date
10 October.18S1i de".t.r."
I I I I I I I I I I I I I
O.80 100 150 200 250 300
HORIZONT AL DIST ANCE IN FEET
Fi9urG E:5.i2i
CROSS-SECTIONAL PROFILE OF SLOUGH 8A.;TRANSECT '#1.
(1 vertical foot equal.10 horizontal feeU
rlghl bank
r'J heed pin
C high benk
Survey Dele
10 Oelob.r.1881i dewelered
10'...
UJ
UJ
lL
Z-Ci
J:
1"'111 ...n leU lIank
II Q.
(}'I UJ
I 0r-.:la
0 0
I ' r I I ' I ' I I I ' I I I I I I I I r==='ioeo1001110200260300360400460600
HORIZONTAL DISTANCE IN FEET
Fi gurc Eo 5.'122
CROS8.-o:8ECTIONAL PROFILE OF SLOUGH 8A,TRANSECT #2.
C1 urllell '001 equall 10 horlunlal 'eel)
-
I J J I !J .J .._.1 J .~J J I I l ,•
J l 1 )]1 J 1 1 '1 ]1 i ])
10....
W
I
W
I u..
I
I Ulaft bank
rrr Z
I 1,1
f,Jl -0
I
N x:
0
I--'....
n.wa
0
Ii headpin
o high bank
Survey Data
10 09tobar.1881,dew.tared
•
r I I I I T'I I I I I I I
o 50 100 150 200 260 300
HORIZONT Al DIST ANCE IN FEET
Figllrp L!1.123
CROSS-SECTIONAL PROFILE OF SLOUGH 8A.:TRANSECT #3.
(1 vertical foot equals 10 horizontal feet)
10....
W
W
!LL.i
I ZI-I 6' IlT11 'J:'U .ett bankII01t-' I
'N 0..a WN
0
0
~head pin
o high bank
Survey Date
10 October.1861i dewlt.red,
right bank
I iii I i I I I iii I
o 60 100 160 200 260 300
HORIZONT Al 0181 ANCE IN FEET
Figure E,5.124
·CROSS-SECTIONAL PROFILE OF SLOUGH 8A.TRANSECT #4.
(1 vertical toot equals 10 horizontal tset)
I J ~J ,J J J J I I J ,I J I J j I B
]}1 1 1 -1 1 )I 1 -.1 )•-j
--It"bank
10
I-
W
W
u..
I zI-6m'
I ::J:U'1
I l-Na Q.w W
Q
'0
ri head pin
o high banj(
$~rvey Date
11 October,1881.dewat,rtd
right ballk
I I I I I I I I I 'I'Io60100160200260300
HORIZONTAL 015T ANCE IN FEET
Fi gure E,5.125
CROSS-SECTIONAL PROFILE OF SLOUGH SA.TRANSECT #6.
(1 vertical foot equall 10 horizontal feet)
~head pin
o high bank
$urvey Date
10 October.1&81,dew.t'red
.right bank
I 'I I I I I I I I I I·I .,
o 60 100 150 200 260 300
HORIZONTAL DISTANCE IN FEET
Figure E.5.126
CROSS-SECTIONAL PROFILE OF SLOUGH 8A,:TRANSECT #6.
(1 vertical foot equals 10 horl;r;ontal feet)
J I J I J ,)J J .~J J J J I J
1 i J j 1 1 })J J I )1 ]1
10....n I...banllW
W
U.
Z
(TJ !_.
6Ii
m 'J:'I I
M e-Ll
0-m
UJ
Q
0
~h.ad pin
a high bank
o water',adg.
8urvey Dat.
10 Octob.r.1881
I ··1 I 1 I I ·1 1 I I I 1 I
o 60 100 160 200 260 300
HORIZONT AL DISTANCE IN FEET
Fi gure E.5.,27
CROSS-SECTIONAL PROFILE OF SLOUGH 8A,TRANSECT #7.
(1 v.rtlcal foot equala 10 horizontal feet)
10...
W
W
La.UlaU bank
rl1 Zlc.n -6I'
~X
0\...
Q.
W
C
0
nh,ad pin
o high bank
$urv,y Data
14 Ootober,1881_dewa ••r.d
I 'I ' I ' I f I I I I I I I 'r I
o 60 100 150 200 260 300 350 400
,HORIZONTAL DISTANCE IN FEET
Fiqurc E.5.128.r
CROSS-SECTIONAL PROFILE OF SLOUGH 9.TRANSECT #1.
(1 vertloal foot ,quale 10 horizontal feet)
_J J J _I J ,J t J I I I J J J J I
»1 j }]~'lI
J J J ]»j ~.1 »-j
•
1 1
10
~
W U I.n ....,w
II..
Z-5ml
Ii J:01I:~N'd Q.......W
C
0
nha."p'n
[]h'gh ~.n"
OWl"'".4e,
lur"e¥Pa'a
14 Oc'o~."1"11 1.11 of,
I I I ' I I I I I I I I I
o 60 100 160 200 260 300
HORIZONTAL DI8T ANCE IN FEET
Figure E,5.129
CROSS-SECTIONAL PROFILE OF"SLOUGH 9,TRANSECT +6.
(1 v~rtloal foot .qual.10 horllontal f ••t)
10...
w H"..blnkW
LL.
Z ·a..JL-,.+.right bank
i -
~l .:1:...<til 0..
N W.a
co Q
0
f1 head pin
o water',edge
Survey Date
e September,1881••82 of,
,.
I I I I I I I I I I I I I
o 60 100 160 200 250 300
HORIZONTAL 018T ANCEIN FEET
Fi gure E.5.130
CROSS-SECTIONAL PROFILE OF SLOUGH 168,TRANSECT #1.
«1 verUoal foot equale 10 horizontal feeH
J J j ]J ]I J I I J i J J .J J J
i 1 ~.
J !J ]1 ]1 ~1 1 1 ...~J 1 J 1 .-j
10....
W
W
U-
rn Z Ulaft bank
Ii
~-6
Nl J:
0
\,C)....
Q.
W
Q
0
~head pin
o high bank
Survey Data
o September.1881.dewatarad •
r I I It I II I I I I I
o .50 100 150 ~OO 260 300
HORIZONTAL 018T ANCE IN FEET
Fi gur8 E.5.131
CROSS-SECTIONAL PROFILE OF SLOUGH 166,TRANSECT #17 ..
(1 vertical foot equal.10 horizontal feeU
~head pin
o high bank
o water',edge
Survey Date
26 Septell'lber.1881,.26 cf,
right bank
I I I I I I I I I I I I 1
o 60 100 150 200 260 300
HORIZONTAL DISTANCE IN FEET
Fi gurc E.5.132
CROSS-SECTIONAL PROFILE OF SLOUGH 19,TRANSECT #1.
(1 vertical foot equals 10 l1orlzontal feet)
I ,J J ,]j J )D J ,.J J J J J I
1 1 -j J 1 1 ---I --]--11,l
10
t-
W
i W
I
u..
z:±-IS
J:II Ie"bank
1/~.............Q.
W
0
0
r+J head pin
a hlg"bank
o water',edge
Survey Date
26 September.leSt
I ' I i I I I i I I I I I
o 60 100 160 200 260 300
HORIZONTAL DISTANCE IN FEET
fi gurc E,5.T33
CROSS-SECTIONAL PROFILE OF SLOUGH 1 Q.TRANSECT -#10.
(1 vertical foot equale 10 "orlJontal feet)
•
10
t-
W
W
U-nI."~.nk
Z-6I.rry
:J::IIc.rl
l-I
N 0-......
WN
0
0
r1 heaci pin
o high bank
Survey Oat,
6 September.1881;d,wltered
I I I I I I I I I I I I I
o 50 100 150'200 250 300
HORIZONTAL DI$TANCE IN FEET
Fi gu re E~5.134
CROSS-SECTIONAL PROFILE OF SLOUGH 21,TRANSECT".1-
(1 vertical 'oQt equals 10 horizontal feet)
J J J J !I I :.......J J ].....•,J ,!I ,-J
-,)}J }1 1 -j 1 }.~.-1 ....~
rt)he,d pin
a high bank
Survey Date
f5 Sept"mber.H~81i dewltered
I I I I I I I I I I I I I
o 60 100 150 200 250 300
HORIZONTAL DISTANCE IN FEET
Fiqura E.5.135
CROSS-SECTIONAL PROFILE OF SLOUGH 21,TRANSECT +-1-A.
(1 vertical foot equals 10 horizontal feet)
•
10
t-
W UleU b.nk
W
La..
I Zrni.-6Ii
.~x:N t-......
.p-o.wc
0
~h,ad pin
o .hlgh bank
o wat.r'.edge
Survey Oat.
20 Augu.t,1881
I I I I I I I I I I I I I
o 60 100 160 200 260 300
HORIZONTAL DIST ANCE IN FEET
Fi gur~E.5.T36
CROSS-SECTIONAL PROFILE'OF SLOUGH 21,TRANSECT #13 •
.(1 vertical foot equals 10 horizontal feet)
__J _J ~J •J I -)I t I !.--.•_.J .._.cl _I
AS3&"r------MJii.,..":a&:
Ij..,IB
r
...
Figure E~-S-.90
Susitna R:Thermograp~verddrainage.
gage s1tes l~~l.staff
__E-S-lS0
_._---~
rit'
r mm,_'}""..._ta "•Xl -nt·i$
,-
Table E.5.7.Selected habitat study hydraulic data ..
Mpinstem at
Slough Mainstem Slough Gold Creek
Slough 8A Gage Gage Discharge (cfs)Discharge (cfs)
6/25/81 N/A 1 N/A 6.36 17,100
7/21/81 N/A N/A 551.0 40,800
9/30/81 .56 N/A 2.76 N/A
10/9/81 .53 N/A N/A 10,100
10/10/81 .52 N/A N/A 9,700
-
Mainstem at
~Slough Mainstem Slough Gold Creek
Slough 9 Gage Gage Discharge (cfs)Discharge (cfs)
,'."..,.6/24/81 N/A N/A 2.86 ..16,600
7/21/81 N/A N/A 714.0 40,800
9/30/81 .70 N/A 1.46 N/A
10/12/81 .68 N/A N/A 8,160~10/13/81 .69 N/A N/A 7,620
10/14/81 .70 N/A 3.87-transect 5 7,290
10/14/81 .70 N/A 1.17-transect 3 7,290
10/15/81 .70 N/A N/A 7,440
~
-Mainstem at
Slough Gold Creek
Slough Mainstem Gage Discharge Discharge
Slough 168 Gage A B (cfs)(cfs)
~-
6/23/81 1.16 ..1.66 N/A .671 16,500
7/22/81 2.222 1.902 N/A 503.0 35,900-9/9/81 1.10 1.02 N/A .62 14,500
9/10/81 1.10 1.02 N/A N/A 14,200
9/16/81 1.07 .13 N/A 3 N/A 11 ,300
9/17/81 1.06 .13 1.44 N/A 11 ,300
9/18/81 1.06 .13 1.26 .56 10,800
9/24/81 1.06 N/A 1.16 N/A 10,400
9/27/81 1.03 N/A .52 N/A 8,890
f"""9/28/81 1.03 N/A .46 .325 N/A
9/29/81 1.02 N/A .30 N/A N/A
E-5-218
Table E.5.7.(Continued)
Mainstem at
Slough Gold Creek
Slough Mainstem Gage Di scharge Discharge
Slough 19 Gage A B (cfs)(cfs)
~.6/23/81 2.0 N/A N/A .227 16,500
transect 5
7/22/81 3.33+1.29 N/A N/A 0.000 35,900
transect 5 -8/5/81 3.33+.95 2.76 N/A N/A 32,300
8/25/81 3.33+.56 N/A N/A N/A 28,600
9/6/81 N/A 1.12 15,700 ~
9/15/81 1.16 .54 N/A N/A 11 ,800
9/18/81 1.10 .34 N/A N/A 10,800
9/24/81 1.10 .28 N/A N/A 10,400
9/25/81 1.10 .24 N/A .29 10,100
transect 1
9/26/81 1.09 .13 N/A .26 9,560
1.71 3 transect 1
9/27/81 1.07 0.00 N/A 8,890
9/28/81 1.06 N/A N/A N/A N/A
9/29/81 1.07 N/A 1.59 .23 N/A
transect 1
9/29/81 N/A N/A N/A .038 N/A
transect 5
Mainstem at
Slough Mainstem Slough Gold Creek
~Slough 21 Gage Gage Discharge (cfs)Discharge (cfs)
6/23/81 N/A N/A 3.2 near 16,500
transect 8
6/24/81 1.40 3 2.03 16,600
7/22/81 2.05 N/A 142.0 near 35,900
3 transect 10 ~
7/23/81 2~503 3.3+.2 33,700
8/5/81 3.0 32,300
8/27/81 N/A N/A .56 tributary 24,200
8/27/81 2.10-transect 5A 24,200
8/27/81 5.12-transect 7 24,200
9/5/81 N/A N/A 6.3-transect 11 16,000
9/6/81 1.13 1.83 15,700 ~
9/15/81 1.07 .86 11 ,800
9/17/81 1.06 .76 11 ,300
9/24/81 1.04 .49 10,400 F'ni
9/29/81 1.01 N/A .428 near N/A
transect 6
9/29/81 .N/A N/A 2.57-transect 11
1 N/A -Data not available.
2 New gage,previous gages were washed out.
3 Two gages were used as the mainstem water level was dropping.Gage B was ~;
located parallel to A but further offshore.
-E-5-219
5.2.2.4 Physiochemical Data
Water Quality
Provisional water quality data for the sloughs and mainstem Susitna River at
the Gold Creek USGS gaging station for June,July,and September 1981 have
been obtained from the USGS.These provisional data are presented in Table
E.5.8.A portion of the September 1981 sediment data for the mainstem Susitna
at Gold Creek are not presently available.
Thermographs
E-5-220
Table E.5.8.USGS provisional water quality data summary
Susitna River
Date a Slough Slough .Slough Slough Slough at
Parameter .8A 9 16B 19 21 Gold Creek
Physical and Field Parameters
*Water Temperature b °C June 15.5 14.2 14.0 c 10.7--
July 11.2 10.9 9.0 9.8 11.3 10.5
Sept.3.5 5.6 4.8 1.8 2.4 .4
Air Temperature °C June 21.0 20.1 ----23.0
July 16.0 14.0 15.5
Sept.8.0 7.5 --3.0
Streamflow (discharge)cfs June 6.4 2.9 .67 .23 3.2 16,800
July 551.0 714.0 503.0 .00 142.0 42,500
ITl Sept.2.8 1.5 .32 .04 .43 8,540r
U1
I
N *Specific Conductance field June 140 145 71 146 226N
I--'umho/cm July 117 124 72 127 130
Sept.135 113 64 150 205 172
a Sloughs were sampled on 3 consecutive days in each month as follows:
8A
June Z5
July 21
Sept 30
9
24
21
30
16B
23
22
28
19
23
22
29
21
24
22
29
b Parameters marked with an *are averages of transect point measurements.
c __data not available.
I )J J I )J !I _J J J J J J J _J J
-J ]1 1 )1 J )..~J -,1 1 ]
Table E.5.8 (Continued)
Susitna River
Slough Slough Slough Slough Slough at
Parameter Date 8A 9 166 19 21 Gold Creek
Specific Conductance Lab umho/cm June 153 158 70 143 233 141
July 118 124 71 132 132 114
Sept.132 113 64 162 217 170
*Dissolved Oxygen mg/l June 10.8 10.6 10.8 9.4 10.7 10.8
July 11.4 11.4 11.7 10.4 11.3 11.7
Sept.12.1 11.3 11.5 9.5 10.3
*Percent D.O.saturation June 108 ;103 107 76 98 104
July 104 105 102 90 105 104
Sept.94 93 88 98 76
ITJ *pH (field)June 6.9 6.8 6.4 6.5 7.0 7.4I
U1 July 7.7I----------N
N Sept.7.6 7.4 7.1 7.3 7.7 6.5
N
pH (lab)June 7.4 7.5 7.2 7.2 7.6 7.5
July 7.6 7.7 7.3 7.0 7.7 7.7
Sept.7.4 6.7 6.6 7.2 7.0 7.2
Alkalinity (field)mg/l CaC0 3 June --39 24 50 62
July 41 39 24 52 47 35
Sept.43 34 26 62 62
Alkalinity (lab)mg/l CaC0 3 June 47 33 24 52 63 45
July 41 39 24 52 47 35
Sept.42 36 26 62 '61 44
Turbidity NTU June .90 .60 .50
'.40 .40 100
July 130 130 43 2.5 150 170
Sept.1.1 .60 .60 .50 .50 5.5
Table E.5.8 (Continued)
Susitna River
Slough Slough Slough Slough Slough at
Parameter Date 8A 9 168 19 21 Gold Creek
Sediments,suspended mg/l June 1 2 1 1 5 327
July *220 *417 *107 8 *356
Sept.1 1 1 2 4
Sediments,discharge suspended June .02 .02 0 0 .04 14,800
tons/day July 327 804 145 0 136
Sept.0 0 0 0 0
Solids,residue at 180°C mg/l June 88 100 51 94 137 79
July 70 75 41 81 78 74
Sept.82 69 42 95 119 101
lTl
I
U1 ~olids,sum of constituents mg/l June 93 91 47 90 130 83I
N July 61 68 43 89 68 65N
W Sept.71 71 48 94 120 80
Solids,dissolved tons/day June 1.5 .78 .09 .06 1.1 3,580
July 104 145 55.7 .0 29.9 8,490
Sept..62 .28 .04 .01 .14 2,330
Solids,dissolved tons/acre-foot June .12 .14 .07 .13 .19 .11
July .10 .10 .06 .11 .11 .10
.Sept..11 .09 .06 .13 .16 .14
Percent suspended sedument June ------ ----70
fewer than .062 mm sieve July *84 *55 *54 --*81
diameter.Sept.
J J J B J )))J 1 J )j J J I l ,)
)1 )1 j I
Table E.5.8 (Continued)
Sus itna Ri ver
Slough Slough Slough Slough Slough at
Parameter Date 8A 9 16B 19 21 Gold Creek
Major Constituents
Hardness mgjl CaC0 3 June 57 56 32 69 83 57
July 48 50 30 61 54 51
Sept.54 45 30 72 77 60
Hardness,non-carbonate mgjl CaC0 3 June 10.0 23.0 8.0 17.0 20.0 12
July 7.0 11.0 6.0 9.0 7.0 16
Sept.12.0 9:0 4.0 10.0 16.0 16
Bicarbonate,incremental titration June
mgjl CaC0 3 July
IT'1 Sept.53 42 32.75 75
I
U1
I Carbonate,incremental titration JuneNr-J mgjl CaC0 3 July~Sept.0 0 0 0 0
Calcium,dissolved mgjl June 18 18 10 23 27 19
July 16 17 10 20 18 17
Sept.17 14 9.4 24 25 19
Magnesium,dissolved mgjl June 2.8 2.7 1.6 2.7 3.9 2.2
July 1.'9 1.9 1.3 2.6 2.1 2.1
Sept.2.8 2.4 1.6 3.0 3.5 3.0
Sodium,dissolved mgjl June 6.8 8.2 2.5 2.5 12.0 4.4
July 3.0 3.0 1.8 1.8 3.4 3.8
Sept.6.1 5.6 2.6 3.0 11.0 7.4
Sodium,percent mgjl June 20 24 14 7 23 14
July 12 11 11 6 12 13
Sept.19 21 15 8 23 21
Table E.5.8 (Continued)
Sus itna Ri ver
Slough Slough Slough Slough Slough at
Parameter Date 8A 9 16B 19 21 Gold Creek
Sodium,adsorption ratio June .4 .5 .2 .1 .6 .3
July .2 .2 .1 .1 .2 .2
Sept..4 .4 .2 .2 .5 .4
Potassium,dissolved mg/l June 1.5 1.4 .9 1.0 2.1 2.0
July 1.6 1.6 .9 1.6 1.9 1.6
Sept.1.1 .9 .9 1.1 2.1 1.5
Chloride,dissolved mg/l June 9.1 16 1.3 .9 20 5.6
fTl July 2.9 2.9 .9 .6 3.7 12I
U1 Sept.7.7 6.9.1.5 .9 17.0 11I
N
N Sulfate,dissolved mg/l June 11.0 9.0 4.7 13.0U1 14.0 17
July 1.0 11.0 6.0 14.0 3.1 1.0
Sept.6.0 5.0 5.0 9.0 10.0 5.0
.
Fluoride,dissolved mg/l June .0 .1 .1 .1 .1 .0
July .0 .0 .1 .0 .0 .1
Sept..1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1
Silica,dissolved mg/l June 9.7 11.0 10.0 10.0 11.0 5.5
July 6.6 6.6 6.2 10.0 6.6 6.2
Sept.0.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 11.0 6.1
!))J J I J ~J J J J )J ~J ~,
,j )J )j 1 ]]]}J ")j
Table E.5.8 (Continued)
Susitna River
Slough Slough Slough Slough Slough •at
Parameter Date 8A 9 16B 19 21 Gold Creek
Nitrogen,ammonia +dissolved June .52 .62 .65 .72 .58 .42
organics mg/l N July .54 .61 --.73 .57 .45
Sept..51 .58 .26 .62
.30 ..43
Nitrogen,ammonia +total June .09 .30 a .23 a .06
suspended organics July .01 .ll --a a a
mg/l N Sept..07 a .07 .01 .08 .02
Nitrogen,ammonia +total June .61 .92 .59 .95 .47 .48
organics mg/l N July .55 .72 .46 .71 .57 .43
Sept..58 .56 .33 .63 .38 .45
Nitrogen,total nitrate and June 1.3 .97 .33 1.3 .47 .06
ITI nitrite nig/l N July .21 .07 .29 1.4 .09 .09
I Sept.1.1 1.1 .33 1.4 .73 .17U1
I
N
N Nitrogen,dissolved nitrate and'June 1.3 .99 .36 1.3 .45 .06'-J
ni trite mg/l N July --.07 .33 1.5 .09 .10
Sept.1.0 1.1 .33 1.3 ..72 .17
Phosphorus,total mg/l P June <.05 <.01 <.01 <.01 <.01 .12
July .27 .48 .14 <.01 .38 .02
Sept.<.01 <.01 <.01 <.01 <.01 .02
Phosphorus,total mg/l P0 4 June .15 <.03 <.03 <.03 <.03 .37
July .83 1.5 .43 <.03 1.2 .06
Sept.----.------.06
Phosphorus,dissolvedmg/l P June .03 <.01 <.01 <.01 <.01 .02
July <.01 <.01 <.01 <.01 <.01 <.01
Sept.<.01 <.01 <.01 <.01 <.01 .01
Carbon,dissolved organic mg/l C June 1.9 2.1 1.4 1.3 2.0 2.8
July 13.0 9.0 3.3 6.2 6.0 18.0
Sept.1.5 1.7 1.9 2.2 1.1
J )J ~.....)J .!t ~J !)J J ~J ~r
J 1 1 1 )]
Table E.5.8 (Continued)
)J 1 1
ITl
I
1TI
I
N
N
00
Susitna River
Slough Slough Slough Slough Slough at
Parameter Date 8A 9 16B 19 21 Gold Creek
Carbon,total suspended organics June --.2 --.2 .2 .9
mg/l C July .2 .5 a a .3
Sept..1 .1 .1 .1 .1
Table E.5.8 (Continued)
Susitna River
Slough Slough Slough Slough Slough .at
Par'ameter Date 8A 9 16B 19 21 Gold Creek
Trace Metals
Arsenic,total ug/l As June 1 1 1 2 2 6
July 2 5 4 1 5 7
Sept.2 1 1 2 2
Arsenic,total suspended ug/l As June 0 0 0 1 1 5
July 0 3 2 0 3 5
Sept.1 0 0 1 1
"Arsenic,dissolved ug/l AS June 2 1 1 1 1 1
July 2 2 2 1 2 2
rT1 Sept.1 ~1 1 1I
CJ1
I
I'\:)Barium,total recoverable ug/l Ba June 0 0 0 0 100 200I'\:)
1.0 July 200 200 100 100 300 300
Sept.100 200 100 100 100
Barium,suspended recoverable June 0 0 0 0 100 200
ug/l Ba July 200 200 70 50 300 300
Sept.100 200 100 100 0
Barium,dissolved ug/l Ba June 90 0 0 0 0 0
July 40 40 30 50 40 0
Sept.0 0 0 0 100
Cadmium,total recoverable ug/l Cd June 0 0 2 0 <1 0
July 0 0 0 <1 0 5
Sept.0 0 0 0 <1
Cadmium,suspended recoverable June --0 2 0 0
ug/l July ----------4
Sept.0 0 0 0 <1
,I ,i 1 J j I I J ,1 J J J J .~.~
J 1 )i )1 -1 1 1 1 1 1 J I
Table E.5.8 (Continued)
Susitna River
Slough Slough Slough Slough Slough at
Parameter Date 8A 9 168 19 21 Gold Creek
Cadmium,dissolved ug/l Cd June <1 a a a 5 <1
July <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1
Sept.a a d a a
Chromium,total recoverable June a 10 a a a 40
ug/l Cr July 30 30 20 20 40 30
Sept.a 10 10 10 10
Chromium,suspended recoverable June a 10 a a a 40
ug/l Cr July 20 20 10 10 30 20
Sept.a 10 10 10 10
rrl Chromium,dissolved ug/l Cr June 10 a a a a a
I July 10 10 10 10 10 10U1
I Sept.a a a a a
Nw
0
Cobalt,total recoverable June 2 a a a 2 8
ug/l Co July 5 6 2 a 7 11
Sept.a a a a 1
Cobalt,suspended recoverable June --a a a 1
ug/l July ----------·11
Sept.a a a a 1
Cobalt,dissolved ug/l Co June <3 a a a 1 <3
July <3 <3 <3 <3 <3 a
Sept.a a a a a
Copper,total recoverable June 3 2 4 2 2 31 .
ug/l Cu July 20 23 10 3 23 190
Sept.6 4 5 4 4
Copper.suspended recoverable June 1 1 1
a a 27
ug/l Cu July 12 20 4 a 18 190
Sept.5 3 3 2 3
Table E.5.8 (Continued)
Susitna River
Slough Slough Slough Slough Slough at
Parameter Date 8A 9 168 19 21 Gold Creek
Copper,dissolved ug/l Cu June 2 1 3 2 2 4
July 8 3 6 7 5 5
Sept.1 1 2 2 1
Iron,total recoverable June 20 40 50 40 60 15,000
ug/l Fe July 13000 16000 5800 220 18000 19,000
Sept.20 90 280 260 100
Iron,suspended recoverable June 10 0 0 0 40 15,000
ug/l Fe July 13000 16000 5700 140 18000 19,000
Sept.10 60 260 250 90
rn
I
U1 Iron,dissolved ug/l Fe June 10 60 50 60 20 90I
N July 48 110 52 79 97 120w......Sept .10 30 20 10 10
Lead,total recoverable June 0 5 3 3 15 18
ug/l Pb July 3 3 3 3 2 47
Sept.4 1 1 2 4
Lead,suspended recoverable June 0 5 3 3 15 18
ug/l Pb July 0 1 3 2 0 47
Sept.2 0 0 0 0 '"
Lead,dissolved ug/l Pb June 0 0 0 0 0 0
July 3 2 0 1 5 0
Sept.2 3 4 3 5
Manganese,total recoverable June 10 10 10 0 0 250
ug/l Mn July 230 290 100 20 300 320
Sept.0 0 10 10 0
I )__~J D 1 J J )J J J I J )I J t J
]]1 1 1 J 1 ,J )1
Table E.5.8 (Continued)
Table E.5.8 (Continued)
Susitna River
Slough Slough Slough Slough Slough at
Parameter Date 8A 9 16B 19 21 Gold Creek
Selenium,total ug/l Se June 0 0 0 1 1 0
July 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sept.0 0 0 0 0
Selenium,total suspended ug/l Se June 0 0 0 0 1 0
July 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sept.0 0 0 0 0
Selenium,dissolved ug/1 Se June 0 0 0 1 0 0
July 1 0 0 1 0 00
Sept.0 0 0 1 1
Silver,total recoverable June 0 0 1 0 0 0
ITl ug/l Ag July 0 0 0 1 0 0I
01 Sept.0 0 0 0 0I
N
Ww Silver,suspended recoverable June 0 0 1 0 0 0
ug/l Ag July 0 0
0 1 0 0
Sept.0 0 0 0 0
Silver,dissolved ug/l Ag June 0 0 0 0 0 0
July 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sept.0 0 0 0 0
Zinc,total recoverable June 20 40 10 10 10 60
ug/l Zn July 80 60 20 10 60 120
Sept.20 30 30 10 20
Zinc,suspended recoverable June 10 30 0 0 10 50
ug/l Zn July 80 30 10 0 40 110
Sept.10 10 0 10 0
Zinc,dissolved ug/l Zn June 7 10 10 10 0 6
July 4 35 10 10 17 10
Sept.10 20 30 0 20
•J )J I I )~_J )I J !I I ~)
II>
J J J 1 1 1 1 ~I ))]1 J 1 )1
i -----i.-~j.,.......w-!"_~.,::;:1
'12 18 ...2.......-~~D ...Y;\;12 I;.-\-t 24_...:;__~_.~12.,".18 i '.,,,••6-
\
'.'.\\'.\\\'.;\-\y----'.-----;._--...".\
.q:'---~--~-~--~....,....~~--\\.,\.J."\_-~\'i +q .,\'t ..
S 1
2 ..\... S 3". \~'".,ep!'~'.';.\\L -e p !1 _1--_\\~_\\~--\:1 ..SeDI 14\.
..... .........,.......I.....'I I ......
-V1\-T---;-;~.;-01\--,i i ;;CJl\i;:1 01\i _.;-';-01\
I I ;,,-\ I I'I I ---~.--~-1-
_!;l i ~01!~:.-l!~!....!i i.-t ~o-~·-·--.----.-.-0-0 ..--.--.--/'.,0 ,,-~,0 I....
/.
;1 i i /'J 1 ;.---r--f -i i----I '1 -i-i i --,I 1 1 1----I,·',----1---,------I .--.,----.~.:',:!!__:_;f.-,f •
Surface wa ter tempera ture
rTJ
I
01
il.
iN
'W
-Po
...12 .18 . .24-~oID"'Y-.- ...'\_,.-24..._F1Z ",ft
....•~lt.,6-
\
'.,--.--,.~---T-----·--,-,--\.---.--\----\\_-\-\T---\'-\-------~-.----~--~--.__~--~i \"\,~\:\"\.--\::=:~__'\\._'i.--1'-:\\""\\_~.":\.\\::~..:-;~=\)\-:-\:~~~
'._'",\'\.\-_.-+~--Q-.._--~\I ~~.-\\\q I - \\--\-~...,--\.\Sept 12\~.\\\------',Sepl 13.\\~\\\ -\Se t 1.,'\ ---\-\-\-\\-\--.,----:--ti;--\-\\,\---i \:i --~;fj;\;\\~tn ,:\\\\Pi3;\.~.~-\__-.---~j=~~_~--r----l -\
\
I - I \ I 'f ~,.--I -----\--+---.\1 1 \.I -\ .1-\I I \ \I ----\-----I r I :
l;;1 1 ,:.;,..i~'-0--.-~;,~t ..,.&";~.-t .~--,,~---4 ~'"-~•I
--~---~:0 ::-~:0-D~:---;---!--~::':!1--~!:!r-:I _.-i !--1-::,. / :':'lJI f-j'-:..---------r-~"------l------'--I -_.-----.:----I·------:-.:-:--:..:-:------:------r---.,-:----1-----~--D------t----/,-rnor ----F~~--,~---.!r t--)--~,I I f --1,'-.r~:T-~-:-~=r=r:~-=1:---T~::-
Intergravel temperature
Fi\1ur8 E.5.l40 Comparison of intragravel and surface water temperatures in Slough 21.
-
6.REFERENCES
Alaska Department of Fish and Game (ADF&G).1974.An assessment of the
anadromous fi sh popul ati ons in the Upper Sus i tna River Watershed between
Devil Canyon and the Chulitna River.Anchorage,Alaska.pp.
1976.Fish and wildlife studies related to the Corps of Engineers
Devil Canyon,Watana Reservoir Hydroelectric Project.ADF&G.Anchorge,
Alaska.
1977.Preauthorization assessment of the proposed Susitna
-
-r
!
-
Hydroelectric Projects:preliminary investigatins of water quality and
aquatic species composition.ADF&G.Anchorage,Alaska.
1978.Preliminary environmental assessment of hydroelectric
development on the Susitna River.Anchorage,Alaska.172pp ..
1979.Preliminary final plan of study fish and studies proposed by
the ADF&G. ADF&G.Anchor~ge,Alaska.
1981a.Adult anadromous phase I final species subject report.
ADF&G Su Hydro Aquatic Studies Program.Anchorage,Alaska.
1981b.Procedures manual.ADF&G Su Hydro Aquatic Studies Program.
Anchorage.Alaska.
(
E-6-1
1981c.Resident and Juvenile anadromous phase I species subject
report.ADF&G Su Hydro Aquatic Studies Program,Anchorage,Alaska.
Alaska District U.S.Army Corps of Engineers ..1977.Plan of study for
Susitna hydropower feasibility analysis.Prepared under contract agree-
ment for the State of Alaska.197pp.
American Fisheries Society and American Society of Civil Engineers.1976a.
Instream flow needs.Volume 1.(Edited by J.F.Orsborn and C.H.Allman).
American Fisheries Society.Bethesda,Maryland.551pp.
1976b.Instream flow needs.Volume II.(Edited by J.F.Orsborn
and C.H.Allman).American Fisheries Society.Bethesda,Maryland.
657pp.
Bishop,D.M.1975.A hydrologic reconnaissance of the Susitna River below
Devils Canyon.A report prepared for Nat.Marine Fish.Servo of NOAA,
Contract no.03-4-208-302.Environaid,Juneau,Alaska.54pp.
Elser,A.A.,R.C.McFarland,and Dennis Schwehr.1977.The effect of altered
stream flow on the fi sh of the Yell owstone and Tongue rivers,Montana.
Technical Report no.8.Yellowstone Impact Study.Montana Dept.of
Natural Resources and Conservation.Helena.J80pp.
E-6-2
-
....,
~i
~,
-
-
.....
Erickson,M.L.1977.The effect of altered stream flow on water based recre-
ation in the Yellowstone River Basin,Montana Yellowstone Impact Study.
•Technical Report no.10.Montana Dept.of Natural Resources and Conser-
vation.Helena.125pp.
Hi nz,T.1977.The effect of altered stream flow on mi gratory bi rds of the
Yellowstone River Basin,Montana.Yellowstone Impact Study.Technical
Report no.7.r~ontana Dept.of Natural Resources and Conservation.
Helena.107pp .
Hynes,H.B.N.1970.The ecology of running waters.University of Toronto
Press.Toronto,Canada.555pp.
Judy,R.D.and J.A.Gore.1978.A predictive model of benthic invertebrate
densities for use in instream flow studies.Cooperative Instream Flow
Service Group.Ft.Collins,Colorado.
Klarich,D.A.and J.Thomas.1977.The effect of altered stream flow on the
water quality of the Yellowstone River Basin,Montana.Yellowstone
Impact Study.Technical Report no.3.Montana Dept.of Natural
Resources and Conservation.Hel~na.393 pp.
Martin,P.R.1977.The effect of altered stream flow on furbearing mammals
of the Yellowstone River Basin,Montana.Yellowstone Impact Study.
Technical Report no.6.Montana Dept.of Natural Resources and Conser-
vation.Helena.79pp.
E-6-3
-
Newell,R.L.1977.Aquatic invertebrates of the Yellowstone River Basin,
Montana.Yellowstone Impact Study.Technical Report no.5.Montana """
Dept.of Natural Resources and Conservation.Helena.109pp.
Rosenberg;D.H.,S.C.Burrell,K.V.Matarajan,and D.W.Hook.1967.Oceano-
graphy of Cook Inlet with special reference to the effluent from the
Collier Carbon.and Chemical Plant.Institute of Marine Science.Univer-
sity of Alaska,Fairbanks.Report No.R67-5.80pp.
Stalnaker,and C.B.Arnette.1976.Methodologies for determining instream
flows.Logan,Utah.
Townsend,G.H.1975.Impact of the Bennett Dam on the Peace -Athabasca
Delta.J.Fish.Res.Board.Canada.32:171-176pp.
E-6-4
DATA REDUCTION AND GRAPHICS COORDINATOR
DATA REDUCTION
-
-
7.CONTRIBUTORS
PROJECT LEADER AND EDITOR
REPORT COORDINATOR
BIOMETRICIAN
CREW LEADERS
DRAFTING
•Christopher Estes
Douglas Lang
Allen Bingham
Timothy Quane
Andrew Hoffmann
Camille Stephens
Tommy Withrow
Biometrics Staff
Wendy Ki rk
Carol Riedner
Kathy Sheehan
Leslie Pike
.-
1.SUMMARY
2.INTRODUCTION
3.OBJECTIVES
4.STUDY DESCRIPTION AND RATIONALE
5.STUDY APPROACH
General Habitat Evaluation
Methods
Findings
Habitat Descriptions-·Yentna ReachI
!Sunshine Reach
Talkeetna Reach
""'"Gold Creek Reach
Impoundment Reach
~Physiochemical Data
Selected Habitat Evaluation
E-7-1
._--_._-~--~--
Christopher Estes
Christopher Estes
AH Staff
AH Staff
AH Staff
AH Staff
AH Staff
AH Staff
AH Staff
Kathy Sheehan
Patrick Morrow
Douglas Lang
Sheryl Sal asky
Joseph Sautner
AH and Biometrics Staff
Andrew Hoffmann
Timothy Quane
Tricia Harris
Gary Kneuffer
r-
i
i
8.ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Many individuals representing state and federal agencies and the private
.sector provided support to this project.The authors wish to especially thank
T.W.Trent,L.Heckart,L.Bartlett,B.Dieryck,K.Delaney,B.Barrett,N.
Newcome,K.Watson,and the RJ,AA,and Biometrics support staff personnel
(ADF&G);R.George,L.Levine,D.Snyder,K.Johnson,and G.Solin (USGS);C.
Burger (U.S.Fish and Wildlife Service);W.Trihey,H.Dickinson,and P.
Skeers (Acres American);D.Schmidt (Terrestrial Environmental Specialists,
Inc.);and B.Drage,S.Bredthaur,and L.Griffiths (R&M Consultants).
Special acknowledgement and appreciation are also "extended to the Alaska Power
Authority for funding this first year of study.
E-8-1