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Ii(;Y(J5,,sg11-;;23no,(CfYOALASKAPOWERAUTHORITYSUSITNAHYOROELECTRICPRO.JECTPLANOFSTUOYFEBRUARY'ISBOARLISAlaskaResourcesLibrary&InfonnationServICesAnchorage,AlaskaARLISAlaskaResourcesLibrary&InformationServiceslUlchorage.AlaskaACRESAMERICANINCORPORATEOIi(;Y(J5,,sg11-;;23no,(CfYOALASKAPOWERAUTHORITYSUSITNAHYOROELECTRICPRO.JECTPLANOFSTUOYFEBRUARY'ISBOARLISAlaskaResourcesLibrary&InfonnationServICesAnchorage,AlaskaARLISAlaskaResourcesLibrary&InformationServiceslUlchorage.AlaskaACRESAMERICANINCORPORATEO ALASKAPOWERAUTHORITYALASKARESOURCESUBR,ARYu.s.DepartmentoftheInteliorFebruary4,1980ANOPENLETTERTOTHEPUBLICATLARGEANDTOALLINTERESTEDAGENCIESANDORGANIZATIONS.IamparticularlypleasedtoprovideforyourreviewandcommentthedetailedPlanofStudyfortheSusitnaHydroelectricProject.Thedocumentitselfisbothcomprehensiveandcomplex,sinceitdealswithaprogramwhich,ifcompleted,willhavefar-reachingimplicationsfortheStateofAlaska.Aseriesofstepshasbeentakenduringthepastyeartoidentifyallandselectoneofthosepublicagenciesandprivateconsultingfirmswithexperienceinthedevelopmentofmajorhydroelectricprojects.Yourassist-ance,particularlyintheselectionprocess,hasbeeninvaluable;andIextendtoyoutheappreciationoftheBoardofDirectorsoftheAlaskaPowerAuthority.GovernorJayHammondapprovedtherecommendationsoftheBoardofDirectorsandanagreementwassignedwithAcresAmericanIncorporatedonDecember21,1979,toundertakeamajorfeasibilitystudyleadingtothepreparationofalicenseapplicationtotheFederalEnergyRegulatoryCommission.AcreshashadextensiveexperienceinsuccessfulhydroelectricdevelopmentainnorthernregionsandhasassembledateamwhichdrawsheavilyuponthecontributionsofAlaskanfirmsandwhichincludesstrongrepresentationbyAlaskanNativeswhoseselectedlandsliewithinthepro-posedprojectarea.Asyoureviewtheattachedplan,Ihopeyouwillkeepinmindtwoimportantthoughts:1.Thefactthatafeasiblitystudyistobeundertakendoesnotneces-sarilymeanthatahydroelectricprojectofanykindwilleverbeconstructedontheSusitnaRiver.Itwillprovidethebasis,however,uponwhichaninformeddecisioncanbemadeastowhethertheStatecouldorshouldproceedinthematter.2.Thepublicationofthisplandoesnotpermanentlyfixthemannerinwhichtheproposedworkistobeaccomplished.Onthecontrary,Iregarditasadynamicdocumentwhichwill,Ihope,besteadilyimprovedwithyourassistance.Ithasalreadyundergoneanimportantmetamorphosisasaresultoftestimonyandcorrespondencereceivedduringthepastfourmonths,andIhavenodoubtthatfurthereditionswillberesponsivetoyoursuggestionsandcomments.ALASKAPOWERAUTHORITYALASKARESOURCESUBR,ARYu.s.DepartmentoftheInteliorFebruary4,1980ANOPENLETTERTOTHEPUBLICATLARGEANDTOALLINTERESTEDAGENCIESANDORGANIZATIONS.IamparticularlypleasedtoprovideforyourreviewandcommentthedetailedPlanofStudyfortheSusitnaHydroelectricProject.Thedocumentitselfisbothcomprehensiveandcomplex,sinceitdealswithaprogramwhich,ifcompleted,willhavefar-reachingimplicationsfortheStateofAlaska.Aseriesofstepshasbeentakenduringthepastyeartoidentifyallandselectoneofthosepublicagenciesandprivateconsultingfirmswithexperienceinthedevelopmentofmajorhydroelectricprojects.Yourassist-ance,particularlyintheselectionprocess,hasbeeninvaluable;andIextendtoyoutheappreciationoftheBoardofDirectorsoftheAlaskaPowerAuthority.GovernorJayHammondapprovedtherecommendationsoftheBoardofDirectorsandanagreementwassignedwithAcresAmericanIncorporatedonDecember21,1979,toundertakeamajorfeasibilitystudyleadingtothepreparationofalicenseapplicationtotheFederalEnergyRegulatoryCommission.AcreshashadextensiveexperienceinsuccessfulhydroelectricdevelopmentainnorthernregionsandhasassembledateamwhichdrawsheavilyuponthecontributionsofAlaskanfirmsandwhichincludesstrongrepresentationbyAlaskanNativeswhoseselectedlandsliewithinthepro-posedprojectarea.Asyoureviewtheattachedplan,Ihopeyouwillkeepinmindtwoimportantthoughts:1.Thefactthatafeasiblitystudyistobeundertakendoesnotneces-sarilymeanthatahydroelectricprojectofanykindwilleverbeconstructedontheSusitnaRiver.Itwillprovidethebasis,however,uponwhichaninformeddecisioncanbemadeastowhethertheStatecouldorshouldproceedinthematter.2.Thepublicationofthisplandoesnotpermanentlyfixthemannerinwhichtheproposedworkistobeaccomplished.Onthecontrary,Iregarditasadynamicdocumentwhichwill,Ihope,besteadilyimprovedwithyourassistance.Ithasalreadyundergoneanimportantmetamorphosisasaresultoftestimonyandcorrespondencereceivedduringthepastfourmonths,andIhavenodoubtthatfurthereditionswillberesponsivetoyoursuggestionsandcomments. PageTwoALASliAI-OWERAU'l'HORITYIhaveplannedpublicmeetingsforearlyMarchinAnchorage,Fairbanks,andTalkeetna.Ihopeyouwillplantoattendon~ofthosesessionsbe-causeIbelieveyouwillfinditinformative.Moreimportant,though,itwillofferarealopportunitytoinfluencethecourseoftheworkearlyinitsconduct.Ifyouareunabletoattend,yourideasarestillneeded;IhopeyouwilladdressthemtoNancyBlunck,PublicParticipationOfficerfortheAlaskaPowerAuthority.TheStatewillbenefitmuchfromacontinuinginteractiveprocess.Asyouwillnoteinreviewingtheplan,additionalpublicmeetingsandworkshopsarescheduled.Iwillkeepyouinformedastodatesandtimes,andIwillalsomakeitapointtoprovideyouwithprogressreportsanddescriptionsofvariousworkelementsfromtimetotime.Sincerely,"')~1\\.\.!~.\.~1.._.....-,,_..--"EricP.YouldExecutiveDirectorPageTwoALASliAI-OWERAU'l'HORITYIhaveplannedpublicmeetingsforearlyMarchinAnchorage,Fairbanks,andTalkeetna.Ihopeyouwillplantoattendon~ofthosesessionsbe-causeIbelieveyouwillfinditinformative.Moreimportant,though,itwillofferarealopportunitytoinfluencethecourseoftheworkearlyinitsconduct.Ifyouareunabletoattend,yourideasarestillneeded;IhopeyouwilladdressthemtoNancyBlunck,PublicParticipationOfficerfortheAlaskaPowerAuthority.TheStatewillbenefitmuchfromacontinuinginteractiveprocess.Asyouwillnoteinreviewingtheplan,additionalpublicmeetingsandworkshopsarescheduled.Iwillkeepyouinformedastodatesandtimes,andIwillalsomakeitapointtoprovideyouwithprogressreportsanddescriptionsofvariousworkelementsfromtimetotime.Sincerely,"')~1\\.\.!~.\.~1.._.....-,,_..--"EricP.YouldExecutiveDirector TheBureauofLandManagementhasofferedcoordinationandexplanationswhichwillbeusefulinsatisfyingcertainimportantpermitrequirements.StaffmembersofotherAlaskaagenciessuchastheDepartmentofEconomicDevelopment,DepartmentofCommerce,andtheDepartmentofEnvironmentalConservationhavekindlyfurnisheduswithstatisticaldataandwithvitalinformationregardingplansforthefutureinAlaska.TheFishandWildlifeServiceandtheNationalMarineFisheriesServicehaveofferedadvicetoourenvironmentalplannersasthebasisforunderstandingtheirrolesinoursatisfactionofFERCregulations.WehavebeenimpressedwiththeprofessionalismdisplayedbytheAlaskaPowerAuthorityindevisingtheprogramforpossibleselectionofaprivateengineeringfirmandespeciallyintheirimpartialityastheyscrupulouslyprovidedassistanceandadvicetothevariouscompetitorsinthisexcitingendeavor.OncetheoriginalversionofthisPlanofStudyhadbeensubmittedtotheAlaskaPowerAuthority,itwasreviewedwithcarebyorganizationsandindividualsnotedaboveandbynumerousothers.ManyindividualstookthetimetotestifytotheBoardofthePowerAuthority,andoffersofassistancehavecomefrommostof'them.ThisrevisedversionofthePlanincludesanewSectionA4whichdescribesthemannerinwhichsuchinputshavebeenhandledtodate.WegratefullyacknowledgethehelpsogenerouslygivenbyallthosementionedinSectionA4.Otherindividualsandgroupstoonumeroustomentionhavecontributedaswell.ToallwhohavesupportedtheAcreseffort,sincereappreciationisextended.WearedelightedtoknowthatsuchahighdegreeofcooperationexiststhroughouttheStateofAlaskaandwithintheorganizationsofothershavingintereststhere.Ourconfidenceinourabilitytosuccessfullyimplementthispashasbeenenhancedimmeasurablyasaresult.TheBureauofLandManagementhasofferedcoordinationandexplanationswhichwillbeusefulinsatisfyingcertainimportantpermitrequirements.StaffmembersofotherAlaskaagenciessuchastheDepartmentofEconomicDevelopment,DepartmentofCommerce,andtheDepartmentofEnvironmentalConservationhavekindlyfurnisheduswithstatisticaldataandwithvitalinformationregardingplansforthefutureinAlaska.TheFishandWildlifeServiceandtheNationalMarineFisheriesServicehaveofferedadvicetoourenvironmentalplannersasthebasisforunderstandingtheirrolesinoursatisfactionofFERCregulations.WehavebeenimpressedwiththeprofessionalismdisplayedbytheAlaskaPowerAuthorityindevisingtheprogramforpossibleselectionofaprivateengineeringfirmandespeciallyintheirimpartialityastheyscrupulouslyprovidedassistanceandadvicetothevariouscompetitorsinthisexcitingendeavor.OncetheoriginalversionofthisPlanofStudyhadbeensubmittedtotheAlaskaPowerAuthority,itwasreviewedwithcarebyorganizationsandindividualsnotedaboveandbynumerousothers.ManyindividualstookthetimetotestifytotheBoardofthePowerAuthority,andoffersofassistancehavecomefrommostof'them.ThisrevisedversionofthePlanincludesanewSectionA4whichdescribesthemannerinwhichsuchinputshavebeenhandledtodate.WegratefullyacknowledgethehelpsogenerouslygivenbyallthosementionedinSectionA4.Otherindividualsandgroupstoonumeroustomentionhavecontributedaswell.ToallwhohavesupportedtheAcreseffort,sincereappreciationisextended.WearedelightedtoknowthatsuchahighdegreeofcooperationexiststhroughouttheStateofAlaskaandwithintheorganizationsofothershavingintereststhere.Ourconfidenceinourabilitytosuccessfullyimplementthispashasbeenenhancedimmeasurablyasaresult. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTThisPlanofStudycouldnothavebeenproducedwithoutmajorcontributionsfromeachcorporatememberoftheAcresteam.Frequentcrosscountryjourneys,longhoursdevotedtopreparationofinputs,andanunusualdegreeofeffortfromvariousadministrativesupportstaffshavetogetherbeeninstrumentalincompletingtheassignedtask--andmuchoftheworkhasbeenanout-of-pocketexpenseforeachcorporatemember.Inadditiontothisenthusiasticsupport,however,anumberofotherindividualsandorganizationshavecooperatedfullyandadvisedsagely.TheAlaskaDistrict,U.S.ArmyCorpsofEngineers,hasmadeavailableforourperusalallofthematerialswhichhavebeencollectedtodateinsupportoftheirownfeasibilitystudyandsubsequentfieldexplorationprogram.ThegenuineinterestdisplayedbytheDistrictinprovidingthisinformationandinofferingmanyhoursofexplanationfromalreadybusystaffmembersisdeeplyappreciated.Agroupofconcernedcitizensandrepresentativesofenvironmentalgroupswaskindenoughtooffertheirtimetoexpressissueswhichtheyregardasimportant.Thesessionspentwith"themwasmosthelpfulaswepreparedplansforenvironmentalstudiesinparticularandforothertasksingeneral.TheAlaskaDepartmentofFishandGamehasmetwithusonanumberofoccasions.ThethoughtfuleffortsofthatorganizationindevelopingaprogramnecessarytoachieveprojectobjectivesandindiscussingwaysandmeanstoachieveitwithoutcompromisingADF&G'sownrequirementformaintainingobjectivityhavebeennecessaryandimportant.TheFederalEnergyRegulatoryCommissionhasbeenkindenoughtoprovideuswithadvanceinformationregardingpossibleregulatorychangessoontobepromulgated.Individualconsultantswhowouldserveasprincipalinvestigatorsforenvironmentalstudiesandotherswhohaveagreedtobecomecandidatesforexternalreviewboardshavebeenextremelyhelpfulinlayingoutthisplan.TheUniversityofAlaska,throughitsvariousinstitutesandindividualfacultymembers,hasmadeitsextensivecapabilitiesknowntousandhasofferedadviceandassistanceinplanningfortheiruse.TheAlaskaDepartmentofNaturalResourceshasprovidedaprogramtousfortheconductofcertainin-streamstudiesforourconsideration.DiscussionswithvariousutilitiesduringpriorvisitsinNovember1978,andsubsequentlyhavebeenhelpfultoourunderstandingofthepowermarket.TheAlaskaPowerAdministrationhasprovidedvaluableinformationaboutpowersurveys,transmissionlineplanning,anduniqueoperationalexperiencesatexistinghydroelectricprojectsundertheircontrolinAlaska.ACKNOWLEDGEMENTThisPlanofStudycouldnothavebeenproducedwithoutmajorcontributionsfromeachcorporatememberoftheAcresteam.Frequentcrosscountryjourneys,longhoursdevotedtopreparationofinputs,andanunusualdegreeofeffortfromvariousadministrativesupportstaffshavetogetherbeeninstrumentalincompletingtheassignedtask--andmuchoftheworkhasbeenanout-of-pocketexpenseforeachcorporatemember.Inadditiontothisenthusiasticsupport,however,anumberofotherindividualsandorganizationshavecooperatedfullyandadvisedsagely.TheAlaskaDistrict,U.S.ArmyCorpsofEngineers,hasmadeavailableforourperusalallofthematerialswhichhavebeencollectedtodateinsupportoftheirownfeasibilitystudyandsubsequentfieldexplorationprogram.ThegenuineinterestdisplayedbytheDistrictinprovidingthisinformationandinofferingmanyhoursofexplanationfromalreadybusystaffmembersisdeeplyappreciated.Agroupofconcernedcitizensandrepresentativesofenvironmentalgroupswaskindenoughtooffertheirtimetoexpressissueswhichtheyregardasimportant.Thesessionspentwith"themwasmosthelpfulaswepreparedplansforenvironmentalstudiesinparticularandforothertasksingeneral.TheAlaskaDepartmentofFishandGamehasmetwithusonanumberofoccasions.ThethoughtfuleffortsofthatorganizationindevelopingaprogramnecessarytoachieveprojectobjectivesandindiscussingwaysandmeanstoachieveitwithoutcompromisingADF&G'sownrequirementformaintainingobjectivityhavebeennecessaryandimportant.TheFederalEnergyRegulatoryCommissionhasbeenkindenoughtoprovideuswithadvanceinformationregardingpossibleregulatorychangessoontobepromulgated.Individualconsultantswhowouldserveasprincipalinvestigatorsforenvironmentalstudiesandotherswhohaveagreedtobecomecandidatesforexternalreviewboardshavebeenextremelyhelpfulinlayingoutthisplan.TheUniversityofAlaska,throughitsvariousinstitutesandindividualfacultymembers,hasmadeitsextensivecapabilitiesknowntousandhasofferedadviceandassistanceinplanningfortheiruse.TheAlaskaDepartmentofNaturalResourceshasprovidedaprogramtousfortheconductofcertainin-streamstudiesforourconsideration.DiscussionswithvariousutilitiesduringpriorvisitsinNovember1978,andsubsequentlyhavebeenhelpfultoourunderstandingofthepowermarket.TheAlaskaPowerAdministrationhasprovidedvaluableinformationaboutpowersurveys,transmissionlineplanning,anduniqueoperationalexperiencesatexistinghydroelectricprojectsundertheircontrolinAlaska. TABLEOFCONTENTSOpenLettertothePublicAcknowledgementTABLEOFCONTENTS-----------------------------------------------------iLISTOFTABLES--------------------------------------------------------iiLISTOFPLATES--------------------------------------------------------iiiPageAI-PROGRAMOBJECTIVES---------------------------------------------1-1A2-STUDYAPPROACHA3-BUDGETSUMMARY2-13-1A4-RESPONSETOPUBLICCOMMENT-------------------------------------4-1A5-DETAILEDACTIVITYDESCRIPTIONS---------------------------------5-1-Introduction-------------------------------------------A5.1A5.2A5.3A5.4A5.5A5.6A5.7A5.8A5.9A5.10A5.11A5.12A5.13A5.14-Task1:-Task2:-Task3:-Task4:-Task5:-Task6:-Task7:-Task8:-Task9:-Task10:-Task11:-Task12:-Task13:PowerStudies---------------------------------Surveys&SiteFacilities---------------------Hydrology-------------------------------------SeismicStudies-------------------------------GeotechnicalExploration----------------------DesignDevelopment----------------------------EnvironmentalStudies-------------------------Transmission----------------------------------ConstructionCostEstimatesandSchedules-----Licensing-------------------------------------MarketingandFinancing-----------------------PublicParticipationProgram------------------Administration--------------------------------5-15-25-255-505-795-1055-1295-1935-2895-3035-3135-3335-3635-379A6-POSTLICENSEAPPLICATIONSUBMISSIONACTIVITIES-----------------6-1A7-PROJECTSCHEDULES----------------------------------------------7-1A8-LOGISTICALPLAN------------------------------------------------8-1-i-TABLEOFCONTENTSOpenLettertothePublicAcknowledgementTABLEOFCONTENTS-----------------------------------------------------iLISTOFTABLES--------------------------------------------------------iiLISTOFPLATES--------------------------------------------------------iiiPageAI-PROGRAMOBJECTIVES---------------------------------------------1-1A2-STUDYAPPROACHA3-BUDGETSUMMARY2-13-1A4-RESPONSETOPUBLICCOMMENT-------------------------------------4-1A5-DETAILEDACTIVITYDESCRIPTIONS---------------------------------5-1-Introduction-------------------------------------------A5.1A5.2A5.3A5.4A5.5A5.6A5.7A5.8A5.9A5.10A5.11A5.12A5.13A5.14-Task1:-Task2:-Task3:-Task4:-Task5:-Task6:-Task7:-Task8:-Task9:-Task10:-Task11:-Task12:-Task13:PowerStudies---------------------------------Surveys&SiteFacilities---------------------Hydrology-------------------------------------SeismicStudies-------------------------------GeotechnicalExploration----------------------DesignDevelopment----------------------------EnvironmentalStudies-------------------------Transmission----------------------------------ConstructionCostEstimatesandSchedules-----Licensing-------------------------------------MarketingandFinancing-----------------------PublicParticipationProgram------------------Administration--------------------------------5-15-25-255-505-795-1055-1295-1935-2895-3035-3135-3335-3635-379A6-POSTLICENSEAPPLICATIONSUBMISSIONACTIVITIES-----------------6-1A7-PROJECTSCHEDULES----------------------------------------------7-1A8-LOGISTICALPLAN------------------------------------------------8-1-i- LISTOFTABLESTableNumberTit1eA3.1A3.2A3.3A3.4A3.5A3.6A3.7A3.8A3.9A3.1OA3.11A3.12A3.13A3.14A3.15A3.161.11.2A5.1A5.2A5.3A5.4A5.5A5.6A5.7A5.8A5.9CostEstimate,Task1 -PowerStudies-------------~---------3-2CostEstimate,Task2 -SurveyandSiteFacilities----------3-3CostEstimate,Task3 -Hydrology---------------------------3-4CostEstimate,Task4 -SeismicStudies---------------------3-5CostEstimate,Task5 -GeotechnicalExploration------------3-6CostEstimate,Task6 -DesignDevelopment------------------3-7CostEstimate,Task7 -EnvironmentalStudies---------------3-8CostEstimate,Task8 -Transmission------------------------3-9CostEstimate,Task9 -CostEstimatesandSchedules--------3-10CostEstimate,Task10-Licensing---------------------------3-11CostEstimate,Task11-MarketingandFinancing-------------3-12CostEstimate,Task12-PublicParticipation----------------3-13CostEstimate,Task13-Administration----------------------3-14EstimateSummary---------------------------------------------3-15EstimatedCostsbyQuarter-----------------------------------3-16BudgetSummary,Post-LicenseApplicationStudies(1979)------3-17ListofSourcesofWrittenPOSComments----------------------4-6ListofSourcesofVerbalPOSComments-----------------------4-7AnticipatedandRequiredDocumentation,ReviewandApproval--5-37ProposedHydrologicFieldDataCollectionProgram------------5-56ProposedApplicationofOne-DimensionalFlowModelstotheSusitnaRiver----------------------------------5-67ProposedGeotechnicalExploratoryProgram-1980-------------5-111ProposedGeotechnicalExploratoryProgram-1981-------------5-112TypicalLargeFrancisUnits----------------------------------5-176OutlinedSummaryoftheSocioeconomicScopeofWork-Phase1--5-207FERCLicenseApplicationExhibit-----------------------------5-316ProvisionalListofBondOfferingSupportDocuments----------5-356-ii-LISTOFTABLESTableNumberTit1eA3.1A3.2A3.3A3.4A3.5A3.6A3.7A3.8A3.9A3.1OA3.11A3.12A3.13A3.14A3.15A3.161.11.2A5.1A5.2A5.3A5.4A5.5A5.6A5.7A5.8A5.9CostEstimate,Task1 -PowerStudies-------------~---------3-2CostEstimate,Task2 -SurveyandSiteFacilities----------3-3CostEstimate,Task3 -Hydrology---------------------------3-4CostEstimate,Task4 -SeismicStudies---------------------3-5CostEstimate,Task5 -GeotechnicalExploration------------3-6CostEstimate,Task6 -DesignDevelopment------------------3-7CostEstimate,Task7 -EnvironmentalStudies---------------3-8CostEstimate,Task8 -Transmission------------------------3-9CostEstimate,Task9 -CostEstimatesandSchedules--------3-10CostEstimate,Task10-Licensing---------------------------3-11CostEstimate,Task11-MarketingandFinancing-------------3-12CostEstimate,Task12-PublicParticipation----------------3-13CostEstimate,Task13-Administration----------------------3-14EstimateSummary---------------------------------------------3-15EstimatedCostsbyQuarter-----------------------------------3-16BudgetSummary,Post-LicenseApplicationStudies(1979)------3-17ListofSourcesofWrittenPOSComments----------------------4-6ListofSourcesofVerbalPOSComments-----------------------4-7AnticipatedandRequiredDocumentation,ReviewandApproval--5-37ProposedHydrologicFieldDataCollectionProgram------------5-56ProposedApplicationofOne-DimensionalFlowModelstotheSusitnaRiver----------------------------------5-67ProposedGeotechnicalExploratoryProgram-1980-------------5-111ProposedGeotechnicalExploratoryProgram-1981-------------5-112TypicalLargeFrancisUnits----------------------------------5-176OutlinedSummaryoftheSocioeconomicScopeofWork-Phase1--5-207FERCLicenseApplicationExhibit-----------------------------5-316ProvisionalListofBondOfferingSupportDocuments----------5-356-ii- LISTOFPLATES1'1ateNumberTitleA2.1Tl.1T2.1B.1B.2T4.1T6.1T6.2T7.1Tl1.1Tl2.1Tl2.2A7.1A7.2A8.1A8.2SummarySchedule-------------------------------------------2-23/2-24LogicDiagram----------------------------------------------5-24LogicDiagram-FieldLogisticalSupport-------------------5-33ProposedDataCollectionStationsintheSusitnaBasin-1980-----------------------------------------------5-75/5-76ProposedDataCollectionStationsintheRailbeltArea-1980------------------------------------------------5-77/5-78Task4Schedule--------------------------------------------5-104Task6Schedule--------------------------------------------5-189/5-190AlternativeTunnelSchemes---------------------------------5-191/5-192Task7Schedule--------------------------------------------5-287/5-288LogicDiagram-ProjectFinancing----------------------------5-361/5-362LogicDiagram-PublicParticipationPlan------------------5-375/5-376FeedbackProvisions-PublicParticipationPlan------------5-377MasterSchedule-Sheet1----------------------------------7-3/7-4MasterSchedule-Sheet2----------------------------------7-5/7-6CampLocationPossibleRunwayLocation---------------------8-9/8-10CampFacilities--------------------------------------------8-12-iii-LISTOFPLATES1'1ateNumberTitleA2.1Tl.1T2.1B.1B.2T4.1T6.1T6.2T7.1Tl1.1Tl2.1Tl2.2A7.1A7.2A8.1A8.2SummarySchedule-------------------------------------------2-23/2-24LogicDiagram----------------------------------------------5-24LogicDiagram-FieldLogisticalSupport-------------------5-33ProposedDataCollectionStationsintheSusitnaBasin-1980-----------------------------------------------5-75/5-76ProposedDataCollectionStationsintheRailbeltArea-1980------------------------------------------------5-77/5-78Task4Schedule--------------------------------------------5-104Task6Schedule--------------------------------------------5-189/5-190AlternativeTunnelSchemes---------------------------------5-191/5-192Task7Schedule--------------------------------------------5-287/5-288LogicDiagram-ProjectFinancing----------------------------5-361/5-362LogicDiagram-PublicParticipationPlan------------------5-375/5-376FeedbackProvisions-PublicParticipationPlan------------5-377MasterSchedule-Sheet1----------------------------------7-3/7-4MasterSchedule-Sheet2----------------------------------7-5/7-6CampLocationPossibleRunwayLocation---------------------8-9/8-10CampFacilities--------------------------------------------8-12-iii- SECTIONAl-PROGRAMOBJECTIVESSECTIONAl-PROGRAMOBJECTIVES SECTIONAl-PROGRAMOBJECTIVESA.1.1-IntroductionThisPlanofStudywasoriginallypreparedbyAcresAmericanIncorporatedonSeptember11,1979inresponsetotheRequestforProposalissuedonJune25,1979,byMr.EricYould,ExecutiveDirectoroftheAlaskaPowerAuthority.AseriesofpresentationsbycompetingconsultingengineeringfirmsonSeptember27,1979,andpublictestimonyacceptedbytheBoardofDirectorsoftheAlaskaPowerAuthority(APA)onSeptember28,1979,precededtheselectionofAcresAmericanIncorporatedastherecommendedConsultanttotheStateofAlaskaintheeventtheStateshouldlaterchoosetoproceedontheSusitnaHydroelectricProjectwithoutfederalinvolvement.ByunanimousresolutiononNovember2,1979,theBoardrecommendedtoGovernorJayHammondthattheStateenterintoacontractwithAcresAmericanIncorporatedtoconductafeasibilitystudyandpreparealicenseapplicationtotheFederalEnergyRegulatoryCommission(FERC).Inresponsetosuggestionsfrominterestedcitizensaswellaspublicandprivateorganizationsandagencies,anumberofrevisionshavebeenmadetotheoriginalPlanofStudy(POS).Thisversionhasbeenpreparedforthepurposeofprovidinganopportunityforfurtherpublicreviewandcommentpriortoproceedingwithmajorportionsofthework.SubjecttotheapprovalofAPA,furtherrevisionswillbemadesubsequenttopublicmeetingstobeconductedinMarch1980andfromtimetotimethereafterinresponsetothelegitimateconcernsofinterestedindividualsandorganizations.CertainmajorchangesfromtheoriginalPOSaredetailedinsubsequentsections.Brieflystated,theseinclude:(i)Thepreparationofdemandforecastsisasensitiveandcrucialtask.Issuessuchaswhen--orevenif--aSusitnaProjectisneededcannotberesolvedwithoutsuchefforts.Toensuretotalobjectivityinforecastingandtoavoidanyquestionofconflictofinterest,theStateofAlaskahasenteredintoaseparatecontractwiththeInstituteofSocialandEconomicResearch(ISER)todevelopindependentforecasts.(ii)SignificantincreasesintheamountofeffortdevotedtoenvironmentalmattersandparticularlytofisherystudieshavebeenintroducedinresponsetocommentsfromtheAlaskaDepartmentofFishandGameandtheU.S.FishandWildlifeService.(iii)Toensureobjectivityintheconductofthepublicparticipationprogram,thepublicinformationofficerandhisorherassistantswillbeemployeesoftheAlaskaPowerAuthorityratherthanofAcresAmericanIncorporated.(iv)·Thelevelofeffortassociatedwithmarketingandfinancehasbeenreducedinthefirstphaseofthestudy,therebydeferringcertainfinancingsubtasksuntilinitialquestionsastoprojectviabilityandconcepthavebeenmorethoroughlyaddressed.1-1SECTIONAl-PROGRAMOBJECTIVESA.1.1-IntroductionThisPlanofStudywasoriginallypreparedbyAcresAmericanIncorporatedonSeptember11,1979inresponsetotheRequestforProposalissuedonJune25,1979,byMr.EricYould,ExecutiveDirectoroftheAlaskaPowerAuthority.AseriesofpresentationsbycompetingconsultingengineeringfirmsonSeptember27,1979,andpublictestimonyacceptedbytheBoardofDirectorsoftheAlaskaPowerAuthority(APA)onSeptember28,1979,precededtheselectionofAcresAmericanIncorporatedastherecommendedConsultanttotheStateofAlaskaintheeventtheStateshouldlaterchoosetoproceedontheSusitnaHydroelectricProjectwithoutfederalinvolvement.ByunanimousresolutiononNovember2,1979,theBoardrecommendedtoGovernorJayHammondthattheStateenterintoacontractwithAcresAmericanIncorporatedtoconductafeasibilitystudyandpreparealicenseapplicationtotheFederalEnergyRegulatoryCommission(FERC).Inresponsetosuggestionsfrominterestedcitizensaswellaspublicandprivateorganizationsandagencies,anumberofrevisionshavebeenmadetotheoriginalPlanofStudy(POS).Thisversionhasbeenpreparedforthepurposeofprovidinganopportunityforfurtherpublicreviewandcommentpriortoproceedingwithmajorportionsofthework.SubjecttotheapprovalofAPA,furtherrevisionswillbemadesubsequenttopublicmeetingstobeconductedinMarch1980andfromtimetotimethereafterinresponsetothelegitimateconcernsofinterestedindividualsandorganizations.CertainmajorchangesfromtheoriginalPOSaredetailedinsubsequentsections.Brieflystated,theseinclude:(i)Thepreparationofdemandforecastsisasensitiveandcrucialtask.Issuessuchaswhen--orevenif--aSusitnaProjectisneededcannotberesolvedwithoutsuchefforts.Toensuretotalobjectivityinforecastingandtoavoidanyquestionofconflictofinterest,theStateofAlaskahasenteredintoaseparatecontractwiththeInstituteofSocialandEconomicResearch(ISER)todevelopindependentforecasts.(ii)SignificantincreasesintheamountofeffortdevotedtoenvironmentalmattersandparticularlytofisherystudieshavebeenintroducedinresponsetocommentsfromtheAlaskaDepartmentofFishandGameandtheU.S.FishandWildlifeService.(iii)Toensureobjectivityintheconductofthepublicparticipationprogram,thepublicinformationofficerandhisorherassistantswillbeemployeesoftheAlaskaPowerAuthorityratherthanofAcresAmericanIncorporated.(iv)·Thelevelofeffortassociatedwithmarketingandfinancehasbeenreducedinthefirstphaseofthestudy,therebydeferringcertainfinancingsubtasksuntilinitialquestionsastoprojectviabilityandconcepthavebeenmorethoroughlyaddressed.1-1 (v)Somechangeshavebeenmadeinlogisticalandadministrativesupporteffortsbothtoaccommodatetheincreasedlevelofenvironmentalactivityandtoensureefficiencyandresponsivenessasthestudyprogresses.(vi)Tabulationshavebeenaddedforthepurposeofprovidingmoreexplicitdetailsregardingman-hoursandexpensestobeassociatedwitheachsubtask.(vii)Additionalefforthasbeenprescribedforin-streamflowstudiesdownstreamofTalkeetnainresponsetoconcernsexpressedbytheAlaskaDepartmentofNaturalResources.(viii)TheoriginalplantoconstructanairfieldattheproposedWatanacampsitehasbeendeferredinfavorofusinghelicopterstosupportfieldactivityduringthefirstyearandpossiblythroughoutthestudyperiod.ThisapproachofferstheadvantagesofreducingcapitalexpenditurespriortoreachinganinitialGO-NO-GOdecisionandofminimizingenvironmentalchangesinthecamparea.Becauseofthemagnitudeoftheproposedeffortandthediversityofskillsrequiredtoaccomplishit,AcresAmericanIncorporatedhasassembledagroupofsubcontractorswhowillcontributetosatisfactionoftheoverallprogramobjectives.MajorparticipantsintheAcresteamincludeR&MConsultants,Inc.;WoodwardClydeConsultants;TerrestrialEnvironmentalSpecialists,Incorporated;CookInletRegionIncorporated/HolmesandNarver,Incorporated;SalomonBrothers;andFrankMoolinAssociates.Thegestationperiodforgiantprojectstendstobelong.Wildburstsofenthusiasticeffortfollowedbyperiodsofgenuineapathy(ortotaldespair,dependinguponwhosevantagepointisselected)arecommon.DevelopmentoftheSusitnaRiverhassofarfollowedthatclassicpattern.Asearlyas1952,theBureauofReclamationpublishedareportidentifyingalargenumberofpotentialhydroelectricpowersitesinAlaska,notingpointedlythestrategicadvantagesenjoyedbytheSusitnaRiverbecauseofitsproximitytoAnchorageandFairbanks.Eventhen,DevilCanyonwasperceivedastheplacetoinstallalargedam.Itwas--andis--asteep,narrowrockwalledcanyonthroughwhichsiltladengrayishwatersswirlandchurnandturntowhitefrothastheyrushforthesea.UpdatesbytheBureauledtoproposedauthorizationin1961ofDevilCanyonandDenali--asitefarup-riverofDevilCanyon,astrideextensivewetlandsandmarshyareas,wheretheSusitnadrawsstrengthfromrelativeplaciditybeforeitattemptstheinevitableplungethroughmilesandmilesofcanyons.Anothergiantprojectwasunderactivecontemplationintheearlysixtiesanditsmindbogglingsize,togetherwiththeengineeringchallengesitoffered,wereespeciallyexcitinginabrandnewstateandduringthespacetechnologywarsthenbeingwaged.TheRamparthydroprojectwouldhavecreatedapoollargerthantheStateofConnecticutifithadeverbeenbuilt.1-2(v)Somechangeshavebeenmadeinlogisticalandadministrativesupporteffortsbothtoaccommodatetheincreasedlevelofenvironmentalactivityandtoensureefficiencyandresponsivenessasthestudyprogresses.(vi)Tabulationshavebeenaddedforthepurposeofprovidingmoreexplicitdetailsregardingman-hoursandexpensestobeassociatedwitheachsubtask.(vii)Additionalefforthasbeenprescribedforin-streamflowstudiesdownstreamofTalkeetnainresponsetoconcernsexpressedbytheAlaskaDepartmentofNaturalResources.(viii)TheoriginalplantoconstructanairfieldattheproposedWatanacampsitehasbeendeferredinfavorofusinghelicopterstosupportfieldactivityduringthefirstyearandpossiblythroughoutthestudyperiod.ThisapproachofferstheadvantagesofreducingcapitalexpenditurespriortoreachinganinitialGO-NO-GOdecisionandofminimizingenvironmentalchangesinthecamparea.Becauseofthemagnitudeoftheproposedeffortandthediversityofskillsrequiredtoaccomplishit,AcresAmericanIncorporatedhasassembledagroupofsubcontractorswhowillcontributetosatisfactionoftheoverallprogramobjectives.MajorparticipantsintheAcresteamincludeR&MConsultants,Inc.;WoodwardClydeConsultants;TerrestrialEnvironmentalSpecialists,Incorporated;CookInletRegionIncorporated/HolmesandNarver,Incorporated;SalomonBrothers;andFrankMoolinAssociates.Thegestationperiodforgiantprojectstendstobelong.Wildburstsofenthusiasticeffortfollowedbyperiodsofgenuineapathy(ortotaldespair,dependinguponwhosevantagepointisselected)arecommon.DevelopmentoftheSusitnaRiverhassofarfollowedthatclassicpattern.Asearlyas1952,theBureauofReclamationpublishedareportidentifyingalargenumberofpotentialhydroelectricpowersitesinAlaska,notingpointedlythestrategicadvantagesenjoyedbytheSusitnaRiverbecauseofitsproximitytoAnchorageandFairbanks.Eventhen,DevilCanyonwasperceivedastheplacetoinstallalargedam.Itwas--andis--asteep,narrowrockwalledcanyonthroughwhichsiltladengrayishwatersswirlandchurnandturntowhitefrothastheyrushforthesea.UpdatesbytheBureauledtoproposedauthorizationin1961ofDevilCanyonandDenali--asitefarup-riverofDevilCanyon,astrideextensivewetlandsandmarshyareas,wheretheSusitnadrawsstrengthfromrelativeplaciditybeforeitattemptstheinevitableplungethroughmilesandmilesofcanyons.Anothergiantprojectwasunderactivecontemplationintheearlysixtiesanditsmindbogglingsize,togetherwiththeengineeringchallengesitoffered,wereespeciallyexcitinginabrandnewstateandduringthespacetechnologywarsthenbeingwaged.TheRamparthydroprojectwouldhavecreatedapoollargerthantheStateofConnecticutifithadeverbeenbuilt.1-2 WhiletheRampartstudiesputtheSusitnaprojectinlimboforawhile,anumberoflongtimeAlaskansworriedabouttherisksofsuchaventure.Asfateandthoughtfulargumentwouldhaveit,Rampartisunlikelytobebuiltatanytimeinthiscentury.Susitnawasdelayedlongenough,though,toallowfordiscoveryanddevelopmentoftheneconomicalnaturalgasproduction.Bythetimethewarningsofenergydoomsayerswerebeginningtobeheardandfeltin1973,theSusitnaprojectonceagainbegantoappearattractive.TheBureauofReclamationupdateditsearlierstudiesin1974,recommendingafourdamsystem,andtheU.S.ArmyCorpsofEngineerslaunchedamajorpre-feasibilitystudywhichledtoarecommendationin1976bytheChiefofEngineersthattheSusitnaProjectbeauthorized.TheCorpsplanrecommendedtwohighdams,thefirstofwhichwouldbebuiltasamassiveearthfillgravitystructure810feetinheightattheWatanasitemorethan30milesupstreamofDevilCanyon.ThesecondCorpsdamwastobea635-foot-highthinarchconcretestructurewhichwouldsweepacrossthecanyonfromrockabutmenttorockabutment--essentiallythesameastheBureau'sDevilCanyonproposal.ByJune1978,theCorpsofEngineershadpreparedaplanofstudyrequiring24milliondollarsandofferingaprogramleadingtocompletionofadetailedfeasibilitystudy.FurtherinvestigationsbytheCorpsconfirmedtheadequacyoftheWatanasite,thoughtheydidrevealthatsomechangeswererequiredinparticularforthespillwayarrangement.Data,analysesandreportscollectedandpreparedbytheCorpsofEngineerswillbeusedthroughoutthecourseoftheworktobeundertakenbyAcresAmericanIncorporated.Evenso,itislikelythatnewloadforecastswilldifferfromthoseearlierofferedbytheCorpsofEngineers.Inaddition,expandedalternativesstudies,continuinggeotechnicalandseismicinvestigations,vigorouspublicinvolvement,andthoroughenvironmentalinventoriesandassessmentscansignificantlyaffecttherangeofconclusionswhichmightbederivedfromthework.Itfollowsthattheearlierdevelopmentplanmaynotnecessarilyprovetobetheoptimum.ThisPlanofStudydescribesaseriesoftasksandsubtasks,alongwithreasonsforthese,andprovidesinformationregardingorganizationalmatters.Anewconceptfordevelopment,ifdevelopmentisfoundappropriate,willbegintoemergebytheendofthefirstyearofstudy.A.1.2-PrimaryObjectivesofStudy(i)Establishtechnical,economicandfinancialfeasibilityoftheSusitnaProjecttomeetfuturepowerneedsoftheRailbeltRegionoftheStateofAlaska.(ii)EvaluatetheenvironmentalconsequencesofdesigningandconstructingtheSusitnaProject.(iii)FileacompletedlicenseapplicationwiththeFederalEnergyRegulatoryCommission.1-3WhiletheRampartstudiesputtheSusitnaprojectinlimboforawhile,anumberoflongtimeAlaskansworriedabouttherisksofsuchaventure.Asfateandthoughtfulargumentwouldhaveit,Rampartisunlikelytobebuiltatanytimeinthiscentury.Susitnawasdelayedlongenough,though,toallowfordiscoveryanddevelopmentoftheneconomicalnaturalgasproduction.Bythetimethewarningsofenergydoomsayerswerebeginningtobeheardandfeltin1973,theSusitnaprojectonceagainbegantoappearattractive.TheBureauofReclamationupdateditsearlierstudiesin1974,recommendingafourdamsystem,andtheU.S.ArmyCorpsofEngineerslaunchedamajorpre-feasibilitystudywhichledtoarecommendationin1976bytheChiefofEngineersthattheSusitnaProjectbeauthorized.TheCorpsplanrecommendedtwohighdams,thefirstofwhichwouldbebuiltasamassiveearthfillgravitystructure810feetinheightattheWatanasitemorethan30milesupstreamofDevilCanyon.ThesecondCorpsdamwastobea635-foot-highthinarchconcretestructurewhichwouldsweepacrossthecanyonfromrockabutmenttorockabutment--essentiallythesameastheBureau'sDevilCanyonproposal.ByJune1978,theCorpsofEngineershadpreparedaplanofstudyrequiring24milliondollarsandofferingaprogramleadingtocompletionofadetailedfeasibilitystudy.FurtherinvestigationsbytheCorpsconfirmedtheadequacyoftheWatanasite,thoughtheydidrevealthatsomechangeswererequiredinparticularforthespillwayarrangement.Data,analysesandreportscollectedandpreparedbytheCorpsofEngineerswillbeusedthroughoutthecourseoftheworktobeundertakenbyAcresAmericanIncorporated.Evenso,itislikelythatnewloadforecastswilldifferfromthoseearlierofferedbytheCorpsofEngineers.Inaddition,expandedalternativesstudies,continuinggeotechnicalandseismicinvestigations,vigorouspublicinvolvement,andthoroughenvironmentalinventoriesandassessmentscansignificantlyaffecttherangeofconclusionswhichmightbederivedfromthework.Itfollowsthattheearlierdevelopmentplanmaynotnecessarilyprovetobetheoptimum.ThisPlanofStudydescribesaseriesoftasksandsubtasks,alongwithreasonsforthese,andprovidesinformationregardingorganizationalmatters.Anewconceptfordevelopment,ifdevelopmentisfoundappropriate,willbegintoemergebytheendofthefirstyearofstudy.A.1.2-PrimaryObjectivesofStudy(i)Establishtechnical,economicandfinancialfeasibilityoftheSusitnaProjecttomeetfuturepowerneedsoftheRailbeltRegionoftheStateofAlaska.(ii)EvaluatetheenvironmentalconsequencesofdesigningandconstructingtheSusitnaProject.(iii)FileacompletedlicenseapplicationwiththeFederalEnergyRegulatoryCommission.1-3 A.l.3-SpecificObjectivesofStudyTomeettheprimaryobjectivesofthestudy,thefollowingspecificobjectivesareproposed:(i)DeterminethefutureelectricpowerandenergyneedsoftheSouthcentralRailbeltArea,baseduponindependentanalysisbyISER.(ii)AssessalternativemeansofmeetingtheloadrequirementsoftheRailbeltArea.(iii)PrepareanoptimaldevelopmentplanfortheSusitnaProjectwhereinpowercostsandprobableimpactsareminimized,safetyisenhanced,andfinancingisachievable.(iv)Establishadefinitiveestimateofthetotalcostofbringingpoweronline,togetherwithastatementofcashflowrequirements.(v)Evaluatethephysical,economic,andfinancialrisksoftheSusitnaProjectanddeterminewaysandmeanstoavoidorminimizetheirconsequences.(vi)Evaluateexistingenvironmentalandsocialfactorsastheynowexistintheproposedprojectarea,assesstheimpactsoftheproposedproject,enhanceenvironmentalvaluestotheextentpossible,andrecommendmitigatingmeasures.(vii)EstimatetheannualsystempowercostsintheSouthcentralRailbeltwithandwithouttheproject,studytheintegrationofSusitnapowerintotheRailbeltutilitysystems,andassesspowermarketability.(viii)PrepareacompletelicenseapplicationandfilethiswiththeFederalEnergyRegulatoryCommission.(ix)Ensurethattheneedsanddesiresofthepublicareknown,keepinterestedpartiesandthepUblicinformed,andaffordanopportunityforpublicparticipationinthestudyprocess.(x)Determineanoptimalprogramforachievingfinancing,includingresolutionofissuesregardingtax-exemptstatusofbondswhichmaylaterbeoffered.(xi)MinimizethecostsincurredbytheStateofAlaskainsuccessfullyachievingtheaboveobjectivesoralternativesinreachingtheearliestpracticableconclusionthatdevelopmentoftheSusitnaProjectisorisnotinthebestinterestsoftheState.(xii)MaximizeopportunitiesforequalemploymentopportunitiesforAlaskansandforinvolvingintheworkmembersofthoseNativeCorporationsintheregion.1-4A.l.3-SpecificObjectivesofStudyTomeettheprimaryobjectivesofthestudy,thefollowingspecificobjectivesareproposed:(i)DeterminethefutureelectricpowerandenergyneedsoftheSouthcentralRailbeltArea,baseduponindependentanalysisbyISER.(ii)AssessalternativemeansofmeetingtheloadrequirementsoftheRailbeltArea.(iii)PrepareanoptimaldevelopmentplanfortheSusitnaProjectwhereinpowercostsandprobableimpactsareminimized,safetyisenhanced,andfinancingisachievable.(iv)Establishadefinitiveestimateofthetotalcostofbringingpoweronline,togetherwithastatementofcashflowrequirements.(v)Evaluatethephysical,economic,andfinancialrisksoftheSusitnaProjectanddeterminewaysandmeanstoavoidorminimizetheirconsequences.(vi)Evaluateexistingenvironmentalandsocialfactorsastheynowexistintheproposedprojectarea,assesstheimpactsoftheproposedproject,enhanceenvironmentalvaluestotheextentpossible,andrecommendmitigatingmeasures.(vii)EstimatetheannualsystempowercostsintheSouthcentralRailbeltwithandwithouttheproject,studytheintegrationofSusitnapowerintotheRailbeltutilitysystems,andassesspowermarketability.(viii)PrepareacompletelicenseapplicationandfilethiswiththeFederalEnergyRegulatoryCommission.(ix)Ensurethattheneedsanddesiresofthepublicareknown,keepinterestedpartiesandthepUblicinformed,andaffordanopportunityforpublicparticipationinthestudyprocess.(x)Determineanoptimalprogramforachievingfinancing,includingresolutionofissuesregardingtax-exemptstatusofbondswhichmaylaterbeoffered.(xi)MinimizethecostsincurredbytheStateofAlaskainsuccessfullyachievingtheaboveobjectivesoralternativesinreachingtheearliestpracticableconclusionthatdevelopmentoftheSusitnaProjectisorisnotinthebestinterestsoftheState.(xii)MaximizeopportunitiesforequalemploymentopportunitiesforAlaskansandforinvolvingintheworkmembersofthoseNativeCorporationsintheregion.1-4 A.1.4-PrimaryAspectsforSusitnaProjectRequiringStudy(i)IntroductionAswithanymajorhydroelectricproject,thenumberofinvestigationsandsubstudiesrequiredtoachievetheprimaryobjectivesnotedinparagraphA.1.2aboveissignificant.EachoftheserequirementsisdescribedintermsofprecisetasksandsubtasksinSectionA5.Evenso,anumberofprimaryaspects,particularlyinsofarastheyaddressmajorconcerns,deservetobehighlighted.(ii)PowerStudiesWhilethisPlanofStudyhadnecessarilytobewrittenontheassumptionthatprojectfeasibilitywillinfactbedemonstrated,wearewellawareoftheimportanceofdemonstratingthataneedforsignificantincreasesinpowergeneratingcapacitydoestrulyexistintheRailbeltAreaandthatthisneedcanbestbesatisfiedbytheSusitnaProject.Indeed,itisclearthattheabsenceofneedorthediscoveryofabettermeansofsatisfyingitifitexistswillrepresentprimafacieevidencethatdevelopmentoftheprojectisnotinthebestinterestsoftheState.Powerstudieswillbeundertakentoexamineanddefinearangeofloadforecastsandtoassesspossiblealternativesorgroupsofalternativeswhichtogethercouldsatisfytheprojecteddemand.WewillavailourselvesofintimateknowledgeofAlaskaingeneralandtheRailbeltinparticularthroughemploymentoftheAlaskanofficeofWoodward-ClydeConsultants(WCC)toassistinconductingpowerstudies.LoadforecastswillbedevelopedindependentlybyISERandwillformthebasisuponwhichdemandcurvesandloaddurationcurvesareprepared.Thestudyofnon-hydroalternativesbyWCC(reviewedbyAcresThermalPowerDivision)andofhydroalternativesbyAcreswillbeenhancedthroughuseoftheGeneralElectricOptimumGenerationProgramSeries(sophisticatedcomputermodelsdesignedtopermitmultiyearanalysisofgenerationsystemmixes)whichwehavesuccessfullyusedinthepastforacomprehensivestudyofalternativestotheDickeyLincolnSchoolLakesProjectinNewEngland.(iii)FinancingPlanSuccessfulfinancingofgiantprojectsisinevitablyacomplexandtime-consumingtask.Ourownexpertiseinthisarea,asevidencedbyparticipationinthesuccessfulfinancingoftheChurchillFallsProjectwhereMr.J.G.Warnockmanagedtheteamresponsibleforbondsupportdocuments,willbeavailabletothefinancialconsultantsoftheSalomonBrothers.Thiswellknowninvestmentbankingfirmhasmanagedorco-managed655issuesoftax-exemptbondsinthetotalamountof$48.3billionsinceJanuary1,1974.Dr.C.P.Chapmanwillmanageriskanalysisstudies.Hisuniquecapabilitiesinthatareahavebeendemonstratedtimeandagainforlargeprojectsincludingsomeinsub-arcticenvironments.1-5A.1.4-PrimaryAspectsforSusitnaProjectRequiringStudy(i)IntroductionAswithanymajorhydroelectricproject,thenumberofinvestigationsandsubstudiesrequiredtoachievetheprimaryobjectivesnotedinparagraphA.1.2aboveissignificant.EachoftheserequirementsisdescribedintermsofprecisetasksandsubtasksinSectionA5.Evenso,anumberofprimaryaspects,particularlyinsofarastheyaddressmajorconcerns,deservetobehighlighted.(ii)PowerStudiesWhilethisPlanofStudyhadnecessarilytobewrittenontheassumptionthatprojectfeasibilitywillinfactbedemonstrated,wearewellawareoftheimportanceofdemonstratingthataneedforsignificantincreasesinpowergeneratingcapacitydoestrulyexistintheRailbeltAreaandthatthisneedcanbestbesatisfiedbytheSusitnaProject.Indeed,itisclearthattheabsenceofneedorthediscoveryofabettermeansofsatisfyingitifitexistswillrepresentprimafacieevidencethatdevelopmentoftheprojectisnotinthebestinterestsoftheState.Powerstudieswillbeundertakentoexamineanddefinearangeofloadforecastsandtoassesspossiblealternativesorgroupsofalternativeswhichtogethercouldsatisfytheprojecteddemand.WewillavailourselvesofintimateknowledgeofAlaskaingeneralandtheRailbeltinparticularthroughemploymentoftheAlaskanofficeofWoodward-ClydeConsultants(WCC)toassistinconductingpowerstudies.LoadforecastswillbedevelopedindependentlybyISERandwillformthebasisuponwhichdemandcurvesandloaddurationcurvesareprepared.Thestudyofnon-hydroalternativesbyWCC(reviewedbyAcresThermalPowerDivision)andofhydroalternativesbyAcreswillbeenhancedthroughuseoftheGeneralElectricOptimumGenerationProgramSeries(sophisticatedcomputermodelsdesignedtopermitmultiyearanalysisofgenerationsystemmixes)whichwehavesuccessfullyusedinthepastforacomprehensivestudyofalternativestotheDickeyLincolnSchoolLakesProjectinNewEngland.(iii)FinancingPlanSuccessfulfinancingofgiantprojectsisinevitablyacomplexandtime-consumingtask.Ourownexpertiseinthisarea,asevidencedbyparticipationinthesuccessfulfinancingoftheChurchillFallsProjectwhereMr.J.G.Warnockmanagedtheteamresponsibleforbondsupportdocuments,willbeavailabletothefinancialconsultantsoftheSalomonBrothers.Thiswellknowninvestmentbankingfirmhasmanagedorco-managed655issuesoftax-exemptbondsinthetotalamountof$48.3billionsinceJanuary1,1974.Dr.C.P.Chapmanwillmanageriskanalysisstudies.Hisuniquecapabilitiesinthatareahavebeendemonstratedtimeandagainforlargeprojectsincludingsomeinsub-arcticenvironments.1-5 (iv)IceEngineeringThestudyoficeengineeringhasnecessarilybeenanimportantpartofAcres'effortsforpastprojectsinrecentyears.OursuccessfulinvolvementinhydroelectricprojectsthroughoutNorthAmerica,withatotalinstalledcapacityofover14,000,000kW,isamatterofrecord.AssistanceiniceengineeringstudieswillbeprovidedaswellbyR&MwhosehydrologicinvestigationsofriversandstreamsthroughoutAlaskahasbeensignificant.Ourconceptualdesignsforminimizingtheproblemsassociatedwithfrazilice,icejams,iceshelvingandthelikewillbesubjectedtoexhaustivemodelingafterlicenseapplicationhasbeenmadeandduringthepreparationofdetaileddesigns.ProblemsassociatedwithpermafrostarealsofamiliartotheAcresorganization;ourstaffhasextensiveexperienceindevelopinguniqueandeffectivemethodsofdealingwithsuchproblemsinconnectionwithlargepowerprojectsinsubarcticregions.(v)EarthquakeEngineeringOfthemanypotentialrisksassociatedwiththeSusitnaProject,thoseassociatedwithseismicproblemsareprobablythemostsignificant.Certainly,nosingleareaofconcernislikelytohavemoreimmediatecatastrophicconsequencesiftheengineeringworkhasnotbeendonethoroughlyandwell.Notonlyisitimportanttodesignallstructurestosurviveunscathedintheeventofanearthquake,butitisalsoessentialtodeterminetheextenttowhichcreationofreservoirsontheSusitnaRiverwillitselfinduceearthquakes.Ourapproachtothisproblemistwofold:first,wehaveengagedtheWoodward-ClydeConsultantstoundertakeextensiveseismicstudies.WCChasoperatedinAlaskaforovertenyearsandhasamassedaconsiderabledatabaseongeologicalandgeotechnicalconditions,faulting,andseismicityoftheAnchorageandRailbeltAreas.WCChasalsohadextensiveseismicexperiencewithmajordamandpowerprojectselsewhere.Secondly,wehaverecommendedalistofeminentprofessionalengineerswhoseaccomplishmentsarerecognizedworldwideasthebasisforselectionbythePowerAuthorityofoneormoreexternalreviewboards.Theengineeringboardwouldbeprovidedfundsontheorderof$1millionwithwhichtoundertakeconfirmatoryoradditionalstudies.Acreswouldoffercoordinationservicesandadministrativesupport,whereappropriate,totheboard(s),butauthoritytoselect,remunerate,terminateandtodirecttheiractivitieswouldremainwiththePowerAuthority.(vi)ProjectManagement/ConstructionManagementInordertoprovideAlaskan-experiencedprojectandconstructionmanagementcapabilityinthePOSteam,Acreswillcombinewithitsin-houseresourcestheadditionalresourcesoftheFrankMoolinandAssociates,Inc.organization.ThiscompanypresentlyoperatesoutofFairbanks,Alaskaandprovidesexecutiveprojectandconstruction1-6(iv)IceEngineeringThestudyoficeengineeringhasnecessarilybeenanimportantpartofAcres'effortsforpastprojectsinrecentyears.OursuccessfulinvolvementinhydroelectricprojectsthroughoutNorthAmerica,withatotalinstalledcapacityofover14,000,000kW,isamatterofrecord.AssistanceiniceengineeringstudieswillbeprovidedaswellbyR&MwhosehydrologicinvestigationsofriversandstreamsthroughoutAlaskahasbeensignificant.Ourconceptualdesignsforminimizingtheproblemsassociatedwithfrazilice,icejams,iceshelvingandthelikewillbesubjectedtoexhaustivemodelingafterlicenseapplicationhasbeenmadeandduringthepreparationofdetaileddesigns.ProblemsassociatedwithpermafrostarealsofamiliartotheAcresorganization;ourstaffhasextensiveexperienceindevelopinguniqueandeffectivemethodsofdealingwithsuchproblemsinconnectionwithlargepowerprojectsinsubarcticregions.(v)EarthquakeEngineeringOfthemanypotentialrisksassociatedwiththeSusitnaProject,thoseassociatedwithseismicproblemsareprobablythemostsignificant.Certainly,nosingleareaofconcernislikelytohavemoreimmediatecatastrophicconsequencesiftheengineeringworkhasnotbeendonethoroughlyandwell.Notonlyisitimportanttodesignallstructurestosurviveunscathedintheeventofanearthquake,butitisalsoessentialtodeterminetheextenttowhichcreationofreservoirsontheSusitnaRiverwillitselfinduceearthquakes.Ourapproachtothisproblemistwofold:first,wehaveengagedtheWoodward-ClydeConsultantstoundertakeextensiveseismicstudies.WCChasoperatedinAlaskaforovertenyearsandhasamassedaconsiderabledatabaseongeologicalandgeotechnicalconditions,faulting,andseismicityoftheAnchorageandRailbeltAreas.WCChasalsohadextensiveseismicexperiencewithmajordamandpowerprojectselsewhere.Secondly,wehaverecommendedalistofeminentprofessionalengineerswhoseaccomplishmentsarerecognizedworldwideasthebasisforselectionbythePowerAuthorityofoneormoreexternalreviewboards.Theengineeringboardwouldbeprovidedfundsontheorderof$1millionwithwhichtoundertakeconfirmatoryoradditionalstudies.Acreswouldoffercoordinationservicesandadministrativesupport,whereappropriate,totheboard(s),butauthoritytoselect,remunerate,terminateandtodirecttheiractivitieswouldremainwiththePowerAuthority.(vi)ProjectManagement/ConstructionManagementInordertoprovideAlaskan-experiencedprojectandconstructionmanagementcapabilityinthePOSteam,Acreswillcombinewithitsin-houseresourcestheadditionalresourcesoftheFrankMoolinandAssociates,Inc.organization.ThiscompanypresentlyoperatesoutofFairbanks,Alaskaandprovidesexecutiveprojectandconstruction1-6 managementexperiencetotheenergyindustry.TheMoolinteamprovidesmanyyearsof"hands-on"experienceonvaryingsizesandtypesofprojects,includingrecentresponsibilityforconstructionoftheTrans-AlaskaPipeline,a$4.2billioneffort.Membersoftheorganizationprovideanunusual,multi-disciplined,combinationofenergy,industryandheavyconstructionexperience.Inaddition,conditionsuniquetoplanningmanagingandconstructingprojectsontheAlaskanscenearefamiliartoalloftheseindividuals.1-7managementexperiencetotheenergyindustry.TheMoolinteamprovidesmanyyearsof"hands-on"experienceonvaryingsizesandtypesofprojects,includingrecentresponsibilityforconstructionoftheTrans-AlaskaPipeline,a$4.2billioneffort.Membersoftheorganizationprovideanunusual,multi-disciplined,combinationofenergy,industryandheavyconstructionexperience.Inaddition,conditionsuniquetoplanningmanagingandconstructingprojectsontheAlaskanscenearefamiliartoalloftheseindividuals.1-7 SECTIONA2-STUDYAPPROACHSECTIONA2-STUDYAPPROACH SECTIONA2-STUDYAPPROACHA.2.1-DiscussionofProblemstobeResolved(i)IntroductionInformulatingalogicalapproachtostudyofamajorhydroelectricdevelopmentinarelativelyhostileclimateandenvironmentallysensitiveregion,itisnecessarytoidentifytheparticularproblemswhichmustbeaddressedandtoplacetheseinproperperspectivewiththemoreroutineelementsoftechnicalandeconomicfeasibilityassessment.Theobjectiveistoarriveatanoptimaldevelopmentwhichrecognizesandallowsforallconstraintsimposed,andaddressessuchvitalissuesasenvironmentalacceptabilityattheproperstagetoallowitbeconsideredadequatelythroughpublicparticipationandotherprocessestosatisfylicensingprocedures.Thefinancialviabilityoftheprojectis,ofcourse,alsoavitallyimportantconsiderationwhichliesbeyondthestricttechnicalandeconomicparametersoftheproposeddevelopment.Theapproachtakenintheoverallstudiesmustleadtoaconfidentdeterminationofthefinancibility(orotherwise)oftheproject.WehaveidentifiedanumberofpotentialproblemareasearlyinourplanningeffortsasthebasisforensuringthatthefinalPlanofStudywillprovideadequatemeasuresfordealingwiththem.(ii)OptimalDevelopmentMillionsofdollarshavebeenspenttodateinanefforttodeterminejustwhichofmanyconceptswillleadtooptimaldevelopment.Optimization,likebeauty,though,isintheeyesofthebeholder.TheBureauofReclamationselectedafour-damsystemtobeestab-lishedontheSusitnaRiver.TheCorpsofEngineershassucceededinobtainingauthorizationtoconductdetailedfeasibilitystudiesforatwo-damsystemwhichwouldprovideessentiallythesameamountofpowerasthatforfourdamsoflesserheight.TheCorpsapproachbenefittedfromtheBureauofReclamatiOnI,SworkandbuiItuponit.TheAcresapproachwillcontinuethatrefinementprocess.Insodoing,though,itmustaccountforcertainpotentialproblems:(a)LoadForecastAccuracyTherehasbeenanationwideslackeningofhistoricallyhighload-growthratesforelectricutilitysystemssincetheenergycrisisof1973.Itcannomorebeassumedthatthistrendwillcontinuethroughoutthenextdecadeortwothanitcanbeassumedthatlongertermhistoricalpatternswillonceagainassertthemselves.TheStatemust,nonetheless,developloadforecastsinwhoseaccuracyahighlevelofconfidencecanbeplaced.(b)AlternativestoSusitnaDevelopmentImplicitinthesearchforoptimaldevelopmentistheidentifi-cationofallreasonablealternatives.WemustacquirestrongandreasonablydefinitiveknowledgeofalternativestotheSusitnaProjectforsatisfyingprojectedloadforecasts.2-1SECTIONA2-STUDYAPPROACHA.2.1-DiscussionofProblemstobeResolved(i)IntroductionInformulatingalogicalapproachtostudyofamajorhydroelectricdevelopmentinarelativelyhostileclimateandenvironmentallysensitiveregion,itisnecessarytoidentifytheparticularproblemswhichmustbeaddressedandtoplacetheseinproperperspectivewiththemoreroutineelementsoftechnicalandeconomicfeasibilityassessment.Theobjectiveistoarriveatanoptimaldevelopmentwhichrecognizesandallowsforallconstraintsimposed,andaddressessuchvitalissuesasenvironmentalacceptabilityattheproperstagetoallowitbeconsideredadequatelythroughpublicparticipationandotherprocessestosatisfylicensingprocedures.Thefinancialviabilityoftheprojectis,ofcourse,alsoavitallyimportantconsiderationwhichliesbeyondthestricttechnicalandeconomicparametersoftheproposeddevelopment.Theapproachtakenintheoverallstudiesmustleadtoaconfidentdeterminationofthefinancibility(orotherwise)oftheproject.WehaveidentifiedanumberofpotentialproblemareasearlyinourplanningeffortsasthebasisforensuringthatthefinalPlanofStudywillprovideadequatemeasuresfordealingwiththem.(ii)OptimalDevelopmentMillionsofdollarshavebeenspenttodateinanefforttodeterminejustwhichofmanyconceptswillleadtooptimaldevelopment.Optimization,likebeauty,though,isintheeyesofthebeholder.TheBureauofReclamationselectedafour-damsystemtobeestab-lishedontheSusitnaRiver.TheCorpsofEngineershassucceededinobtainingauthorizationtoconductdetailedfeasibilitystudiesforatwo-damsystemwhichwouldprovideessentiallythesameamountofpowerasthatforfourdamsoflesserheight.TheCorpsapproachbenefittedfromtheBureauofReclamatiOnI,SworkandbuiItuponit.TheAcresapproachwillcontinuethatrefinementprocess.Insodoing,though,itmustaccountforcertainpotentialproblems:(a)LoadForecastAccuracyTherehasbeenanationwideslackeningofhistoricallyhighload-growthratesforelectricutilitysystemssincetheenergycrisisof1973.Itcannomorebeassumedthatthistrendwillcontinuethroughoutthenextdecadeortwothanitcanbeassumedthatlongertermhistoricalpatternswillonceagainassertthemselves.TheStatemust,nonetheless,developloadforecastsinwhoseaccuracyahighlevelofconfidencecanbeplaced.(b)AlternativestoSusitnaDevelopmentImplicitinthesearchforoptimaldevelopmentistheidentifi-cationofallreasonablealternatives.WemustacquirestrongandreasonablydefinitiveknowledgeofalternativestotheSusitnaProjectforsatisfyingprojectedloadforecasts.2-1 (c)AlternativesforDevelopmentoftheSusitnaRiverIntheeventthatnoalternativetoSusitnaDevelopmentisfoundtobesuperiorintermsoftechnical,economic,andenviron-mentalconsiderations,wewillneedtoassurethePowerAuthoritythattheCorpsofEngineersconceptorsomeotheristhemostappropriate.Thedayswhenasimpleeconomictestledtoplanselectionhavelongsincepassed.(iii)DataAcquisitionSignificantportionsofthetotalcostofthePlanofStudyaredevotedtotheacquisitionofadditionaldata.Fieldstudiesintheareasofsurvey,geotechnical,hydrology,environmental,seismicity,andtransmissionwilldemandabaseofsupportandpropermeansofsiteaccessandegressinadditiontotimeandequipmentforthepurpose.Certainimportantproblemareasinclude:(a)SeasonalandWeatherConstraintsMostdatacollectionwillhavetobeaccomplishedduringrela-tivelyshortsummerseasons,resultinginhighpeakloadsoncampfacilities(amajorconsiderationintheLogisticalPlaninSectionAB)andinparticularondemandsforcertainequipment(includingdrilling,specialsurvey,gaging,seismicinstruments)notnecessarilyingreatabundanceinAlaska--attheverytimethatotherprojectsintheStatesimultaneouslyrequirelikeitems.(b)StudyPeriodTherelativebrevityoftheproposed30monthstudyperioddoesnotallowfortrainingpersonneltooperateinarelativelyharshsub-arcticenvironment.(c)CoordinationoftheProgramThevarietyofinvestigationsconductedatthesametimeinthesamegeneralareaandsubjecttosevere,albeitimportapt,landuserestrictionsdemandsanunusualdegreeofcoordinationandmanagementofthedataacquisitioneffort(seealso(ix)below).(iv)FinancialRiskItmustberecognizedattheoutsetthatseveralaspectsoftheSusitnaHydroelectricProjectwillinevitablyimplysubstantialrisktopotentialinvestors.Itwillbenecessary,therefore,toaddressallrealandperceivedriskswithahighdegreeofintensity,limitingordisposingofasmuchoftheexposureaspossibletobuildarealisticlevelofconfidenceintheproject.Therewill,nodoubt,beresidualrisksforthepotentialinvestortoconsiderbutattitudestothesewillbesignificantlyaffectedbythewayinwhichtheAlaskaPowerAuthoritycandemonstratethatallpotentialproblemshavebeendiligentlyexaminedandfullyaddressed.2-2(c)AlternativesforDevelopmentoftheSusitnaRiverIntheeventthatnoalternativetoSusitnaDevelopmentisfoundtobesuperiorintermsoftechnical,economic,andenviron-mentalconsiderations,wewillneedtoassurethePowerAuthoritythattheCorpsofEngineersconceptorsomeotheristhemostappropriate.Thedayswhenasimpleeconomictestledtoplanselectionhavelongsincepassed.(iii)DataAcquisitionSignificantportionsofthetotalcostofthePlanofStudyaredevotedtotheacquisitionofadditionaldata.Fieldstudiesintheareasofsurvey,geotechnical,hydrology,environmental,seismicity,andtransmissionwilldemandabaseofsupportandpropermeansofsiteaccessandegressinadditiontotimeandequipmentforthepurpose.Certainimportantproblemareasinclude:(a)SeasonalandWeatherConstraintsMostdatacollectionwillhavetobeaccomplishedduringrela-tivelyshortsummerseasons,resultinginhighpeakloadsoncampfacilities(amajorconsiderationintheLogisticalPlaninSectionAB)andinparticularondemandsforcertainequipment(includingdrilling,specialsurvey,gaging,seismicinstruments)notnecessarilyingreatabundanceinAlaska--attheverytimethatotherprojectsintheStatesimultaneouslyrequirelikeitems.(b)StudyPeriodTherelativebrevityoftheproposed30monthstudyperioddoesnotallowfortrainingpersonneltooperateinarelativelyharshsub-arcticenvironment.(c)CoordinationoftheProgramThevarietyofinvestigationsconductedatthesametimeinthesamegeneralareaandsubjecttosevere,albeitimportapt,landuserestrictionsdemandsanunusualdegreeofcoordinationandmanagementofthedataacquisitioneffort(seealso(ix)below).(iv)FinancialRiskItmustberecognizedattheoutsetthatseveralaspectsoftheSusitnaHydroelectricProjectwillinevitablyimplysubstantialrisktopotentialinvestors.Itwillbenecessary,therefore,toaddressallrealandperceivedriskswithahighdegreeofintensity,limitingordisposingofasmuchoftheexposureaspossibletobuildarealisticlevelofconfidenceintheproject.Therewill,nodoubt,beresidualrisksforthepotentialinvestortoconsiderbutattitudestothesewillbesignificantlyaffectedbythewayinwhichtheAlaskaPowerAuthoritycandemonstratethatallpotentialproblemshavebeendiligentlyexaminedandfullyaddressed.2-2 (a)SuperpositionofaLargeProjectonaSmallSystemInthecaseofSusitna,averymajor,capital-intensiveprojectundertakingisbeingconsideredforadditiontoanexistingutilitybaseofrelativelylimitedfacilitiesandfixedassets.ThefinancialapproachmustthereforebeonthebasisofProjectFinancingwherefundingisraisedontheassuredrevenueandcashflowgenerated,usually,fromalongtermsalescontract,inthiscaseforpurchaseofpowerandenergy.(b)RiskofMeetingAnticipatedPowerOutputThenatureofthefinancingapproachhasabearingonmanyaspectsoftheoverallstudyplanforSusitna.Itrequires,forinstance,thathydrologicalandenergyassessmentsaremadewithaparticularlyhighlevelofconfidenceandthatrisksofshort-fallarecarefullyexamined.(c)DesignRisksAhighlevelofconfidencemustbeachievedintheadequacyofengineeringdesignandintheconstructioncostsinvolvedinmeetingtherequirementsimposed.Theestimatesshouldbeatalevelallowingforarelativelyhighlikelihoodofan·under-run"ontotalcostsincludingcontingencyprovisions.Themostcarefuljudgmentmustbeappliedtoassessinglikelyincreasesinmaterial,laborandequipmentcoststoallowforconfidentdefinitionofaprovisionforescalation.Constructionandcontractingpracticemustbedevelopedwhichavoidsoreveneliminatesover-runexposure.TheseandmanyotheraspectsoftheplanfordevelopmentmustbeallthemoreintentlyaddressedtomeettheneedofaprojectoftheextentofSusitna.(v)DesignProblemsOurownexperienceinplanning,design,andconstructionmanagementoflargeengineeringprojectsinNorthAmericaandparticularlyinsub-arcticenvironmentshasmadeusacutelyawareofcertaindesignproblemswhichmustbeaddressedearlyintheprocessoftotalprojectdevelopment.Theseinclude:(a)SeismicityTheSusitnaRiverflowsinaregionofknownhighseismicactivity.Acquiringknowledgeoftheprecisenatureandextentofthisactivitymustnecessarilybeapreludetodesigningearthquakeresistantprojectfeatures.Inaddition,thequestionoftheeffectoflargereservoirsontheSusitnaRiverinstimulatingearthquakesmustbestudiedinsomedetail.Becauseofthepotentialforcatastrophe, carefulandthoughtfulevaluationsofseismiceffortsbyothersappeartobenecessary.2-3(a)SuperpositionofaLargeProjectonaSmallSystemInthecaseofSusitna,averymajor,capital-intensiveprojectundertakingisbeingconsideredforadditiontoanexistingutilitybaseofrelativelylimitedfacilitiesandfixedassets.ThefinancialapproachmustthereforebeonthebasisofProjectFinancingwherefundingisraisedontheassuredrevenueandcashflowgenerated,usually,fromalongtermsalescontract,inthiscaseforpurchaseofpowerandenergy.(b)RiskofMeetingAnticipatedPowerOutputThenatureofthefinancingapproachhasabearingonmanyaspectsoftheoverallstudyplanforSusitna.Itrequires,forinstance,thathydrologicalandenergyassessmentsaremadewithaparticularlyhighlevelofconfidenceandthatrisksofshort-fallarecarefullyexamined.(c)DesignRisksAhighlevelofconfidencemustbeachievedintheadequacyofengineeringdesignandintheconstructioncostsinvolvedinmeetingtherequirementsimposed.Theestimatesshouldbeatalevelallowingforarelativelyhighlikelihoodofan·under-run"ontotalcostsincludingcontingencyprovisions.Themostcarefuljudgmentmustbeappliedtoassessinglikelyincreasesinmaterial,laborandequipmentcoststoallowforconfidentdefinitionofaprovisionforescalation.Constructionandcontractingpracticemustbedevelopedwhichavoidsoreveneliminatesover-runexposure.TheseandmanyotheraspectsoftheplanfordevelopmentmustbeallthemoreintentlyaddressedtomeettheneedofaprojectoftheextentofSusitna.(v)DesignProblemsOurownexperienceinplanning,design,andconstructionmanagementoflargeengineeringprojectsinNorthAmericaandparticularlyinsub-arcticenvironmentshasmadeusacutelyawareofcertaindesignproblemswhichmustbeaddressedearlyintheprocessoftotalprojectdevelopment.Theseinclude:(a)SeismicityTheSusitnaRiverflowsinaregionofknownhighseismicactivity.Acquiringknowledgeoftheprecisenatureandextentofthisactivitymustnecessarilybeapreludetodesigningearthquakeresistantprojectfeatures.Inaddition,thequestionoftheeffectoflargereservoirsontheSusitnaRiverinstimulatingearthquakesmustbestudiedinsomedetail.Becauseofthepotentialforcatastrophe, carefulandthoughtfulevaluationsofseismiceffortsbyothersappeartobenecessary.2-3 (b)IceItwillbenecessarytoensurethaticingproblemsdonotinter-ferewithoperationofthecompletedhydroelectricprojectaswellastodeterminehowdownstreamiceconditionswiththepro-jectwilldifferfromthosewithout.TheeffectoficeshelvinginthereservoirsoricejammingmlIstalsobeaddressed.(c)SlopeStabilityThenatureoftheprojectareaissuchthatproposedreservoirstendtobelongandnarrow.Landslides,avalanches,andsideslopefailuresareespeciallytobeguardedagainst.(d)SiltationItwillbenecessarytoconsidertherateatwhichsedimentloadfillsdeadstoragespaceintheupperreservoirofthesystem,sincetheriskoflosingenergyproductionduetolossesinactivereservoirstoragemustbeeliminated.Downstreamofanydams,theeffectofchangesinsedimentcontentwillrequireevaluationaswell.Inthelatterevaluation,itwillbeimportanttodeterminetheextenttowhichrelativelyclearersedimentstarvedsummerflowswillpickupadditionalloadfromtheriverbeddownstream.(vi)EnvironmentalImpactThereisnodoubtthatthelevelofefforttobeappliedtoenviron-mentalstudiesisnecessarilysignificant,becauselittleisknownofthetotalenvironmentalresourcesintheprojectareaandthesuperpositionofagiantprojectontheRailbeltwillhavesocialconsequenceswhichmustbedetermined.Certainproblemareasofnoteinclude:(a)CompleteCycleStudiesDefinitiveevaluationsintheenvironmentalareafrequentlyrequiresuccessivemulti-seasondataacquisitionefforts.Inthecaseofthefisheryresource,forexample,afiveyearprogramisindicated.Yet,licenseapplicationisscheduledlessthanthreeyearshence.(b)GettinguptoSpeedTheuniquenatureoftheenvironmentintheprojectareaisbeststudiedbythosewhohaveearliergainedfamiliaritywithsub-arcticregionsingeneralandAlaskainparticular.Theproperindividualsmustbeidentifiedlestlengthytrainingperiodsconsumevaluablestudytime.(c)RelationshipswithADF&GWerecognizethegreatexpertiseofADF&GincertainareasandwebelievecertainenvironmentalstudiescanbestbeaccomplishedifundertakendirectlybyADF&G.Evenso,itis2-4(b)IceItwillbenecessarytoensurethaticingproblemsdonotinter-ferewithoperationofthecompletedhydroelectricprojectaswellastodeterminehowdownstreamiceconditionswiththepro-jectwilldifferfromthosewithout.TheeffectoficeshelvinginthereservoirsoricejammingmlIstalsobeaddressed.(c)SlopeStabilityThenatureoftheprojectareaissuchthatproposedreservoirstendtobelongandnarrow.Landslides,avalanches,andsideslopefailuresareespeciallytobeguardedagainst.(d)SiltationItwillbenecessarytoconsidertherateatwhichsedimentloadfillsdeadstoragespaceintheupperreservoirofthesystem,sincetheriskoflosingenergyproductionduetolossesinactivereservoirstoragemustbeeliminated.Downstreamofanydams,theeffectofchangesinsedimentcontentwillrequireevaluationaswell.Inthelatterevaluation,itwillbeimportanttodeterminetheextenttowhichrelativelyclearersedimentstarvedsummerflowswillpickupadditionalloadfromtheriverbeddownstream.(vi)EnvironmentalImpactThereisnodoubtthatthelevelofefforttobeappliedtoenviron-mentalstudiesisnecessarilysignificant,becauselittleisknownofthetotalenvironmentalresourcesintheprojectareaandthesuperpositionofagiantprojectontheRailbeltwillhavesocialconsequenceswhichmustbedetermined.Certainproblemareasofnoteinclude:(a)CompleteCycleStudiesDefinitiveevaluationsintheenvironmentalareafrequentlyrequiresuccessivemulti-seasondataacquisitionefforts.Inthecaseofthefisheryresource,forexample,afiveyearprogramisindicated.Yet,licenseapplicationisscheduledlessthanthreeyearshence.(b)GettinguptoSpeedTheuniquenatureoftheenvironmentintheprojectareaisbeststudiedbythosewhohaveearliergainedfamiliaritywithsub-arcticregionsingeneralandAlaskainparticular.Theproperindividualsmustbeidentifiedlestlengthytrainingperiodsconsumevaluablestudytime.(c)RelationshipswithADF&GWerecognizethegreatexpertiseofADF&GincertainareasandwebelievecertainenvironmentalstudiescanbestbeaccomplishedifundertakendirectlybyADF&G.Evenso,itis2-4 imperativethatthenecessaryreview,evaluationandapprovalfunctionwhichADF&Gmustalsoperformbeobjective.Proceduresmustbeworkedouttopreservethisobjectivity.(d)InformationExchangeAsenvironmentaldataarecollectedandimpactsareassessed,itwillbenecessarytoensurethatprovisionsaremadeforinformationexchangeandforcontributionsfromthemanyinterestedindividualsandgroupswhoseparticularfocuswillbeonenvironmentalissues.(e)InterpretationsofNEPAAmajorbattlegroundintherecentpastbetweenprojectpro-ponentsandopponentshasbeentheNationalEnvironmentalPolicyAct.MajorprojectsinthepastwouldalmostcertainlytravelarouteofcourtlitigationtodeterminecompliancewiththeAct.ThelitigationhascenteredupontheEnvironmentalImpactStatement,FERCapplicationExhibitW.TherecentCouncilonEnvironmentalQuality'sRequirementsforEnvironmentalImpactStatementsshouldclarifythereviewprocessattheFederallevel;however,problemsstillexistinagencyinterpretationandbetweenthestateandfederalgovernments.(f)MitigationTheFishandWildlifeCoordinationActrequiresthatanappli-cantcoordinatewithFederalandStatefishandgameagenciestoprepareafishandwildlifeplan.Ameaningfulmitigationplanmustbebasedonup-to-dateinformation.Ataminimum,2yearsofdatashouldbeavailablepriortothedevelopmentofamitigationplan.Thisrequirementwillnotallowforacompletemitigationplantobesubmittedaspartofthelicenseapplica-tion.Consideringthepristinesettingoftheprojectareaandmigratoryandhabitatpatternsofsuchresourcesascaribouherdsandmoose,preparationofandagreementonthemitigationplanwillbeamajoreffortinprojectdevelopment.TheFERCmustresolvedisagreementsontheadequacyofthemitigationplanpriortoissuingalicense.Agreatdealoftimecanbeinvolvedintheseriesofcorrespondence,meetingsorformalhearingsifneededtoresolvetheconflict.(g)ConflictingorOverlappingAuthorityAlongthesesamelinesarecomplianceswiththeAnadromousFishActandtheEndangeredSpeciesAct.Astheseactsareadministeredbydifferentagencies(FishandWildlifeServiceandNationalMarineFisheriesService,respectively),approvalbyonedoesnotnecessarilyensureapprovalbytheother.Forexample,amethodoffishtransportation(ifrequired)aroundthedammaynotbeacceptabletobothagencies.Proposedoperationofthereservoirsmayalsofallintoconflictovermaintenanceofminimumdownstreamreleaseandfluctuatingreleasevolumes.2-5imperativethatthenecessaryreview,evaluationandapprovalfunctionwhichADF&Gmustalsoperformbeobjective.Proceduresmustbeworkedouttopreservethisobjectivity.(d)InformationExchangeAsenvironmentaldataarecollectedandimpactsareassessed,itwillbenecessarytoensurethatprovisionsaremadeforinformationexchangeandforcontributionsfromthemanyinterestedindividualsandgroupswhoseparticularfocuswillbeonenvironmentalissues.(e)InterpretationsofNEPAAmajorbattlegroundintherecentpastbetweenprojectpro-ponentsandopponentshasbeentheNationalEnvironmentalPolicyAct.MajorprojectsinthepastwouldalmostcertainlytravelarouteofcourtlitigationtodeterminecompliancewiththeAct.ThelitigationhascenteredupontheEnvironmentalImpactStatement,FERCapplicationExhibitW.TherecentCouncilonEnvironmentalQuality'sRequirementsforEnvironmentalImpactStatementsshouldclarifythereviewprocessattheFederallevel;however,problemsstillexistinagencyinterpretationandbetweenthestateandfederalgovernments.(f)MitigationTheFishandWildlifeCoordinationActrequiresthatanappli-cantcoordinatewithFederalandStatefishandgameagenciestoprepareafishandwildlifeplan.Ameaningfulmitigationplanmustbebasedonup-to-dateinformation.Ataminimum,2yearsofdatashouldbeavailablepriortothedevelopmentofamitigationplan.Thisrequirementwillnotallowforacompletemitigationplantobesubmittedaspartofthelicenseapplica-tion.Consideringthepristinesettingoftheprojectareaandmigratoryandhabitatpatternsofsuchresourcesascaribouherdsandmoose,preparationofandagreementonthemitigationplanwillbeamajoreffortinprojectdevelopment.TheFERCmustresolvedisagreementsontheadequacyofthemitigationplanpriortoissuingalicense.Agreatdealoftimecanbeinvolvedintheseriesofcorrespondence,meetingsorformalhearingsifneededtoresolvetheconflict.(g)ConflictingorOverlappingAuthorityAlongthesesamelinesarecomplianceswiththeAnadromousFishActandtheEndangeredSpeciesAct.Astheseactsareadministeredbydifferentagencies(FishandWildlifeServiceandNationalMarineFisheriesService,respectively),approvalbyonedoesnotnecessarilyensureapprovalbytheother.Forexample,amethodoffishtransportation(ifrequired)aroundthedammaynotbeacceptabletobothagencies.Proposedoperationofthereservoirsmayalsofallintoconflictovermaintenanceofminimumdownstreamreleaseandfluctuatingreleasevolumes.2-5 (h)HistoricPreservationConcernsExhibitVofthelicenseapplicationrequirestheapplicanttoshowconsultationwiththeAdvisoryCouncilonHistoricPreservationandtheStateHistoricPreservationOfficerandtopreserveandenhancethehistoricvaluesoftheprojectarea.Fieldsearcheswillalsobeconductedtoidentifysignificantculturalresources.Numerousproblemscouldbeassociatedwithculturalresourcessiteswithintheprojectarea.(vii)LicensingPriortoconstructingtheSusitnaHydropowerProject,extensivecoordinationandconsensusagreementsmusttakeplacebetweentheprojectdeveloperandnumerousFederalgovernmentagencies.Severalpermittingprocesseswillneedtoexecuted.However,thefocalpointoftheeffortswillmostprobablybethepreparationandactionrelativetotheFederalEnergyRegulatoryCommission(FERC)licenseapplication.Thelicensewouldallowtheapplicanttoconstructandeventuallyoperatetheproposedfacilityforaperiodofupto50years.Thelicensingprocessisfairlycomplexasnotedbythefactthatthecurrentaveragemajorlicensereviewtimeisapproximatelysevenyearsfromtimeofapplicationtoapproval.(a)ComplexityofReviewProcessThereasonforthelengthoftimeandcomplexityofreviewliesinthefactthattheFERCandthereviewingagencieshaveanumberofrequirementsunderexistingstatuteswhichmustbesatisfiedpriortotakingactionuponanapplication.Addi-tionally,thestatutes,undercertaincircumstances,provideconflictingauthoritiesbetweenreviewagenciesandtheFERC.(b)IntervenorsCompoundingthereviewdifficultyisthespecialstatusofintervenorsintheprocess.TheFERC'sauthorizationlawsandadministrativepracticegiveenormouspowerstotheprojectintervenortodelaytheprocesswithaseriesofhearingsonlegalquestionspertainingtoprojectlicensing.Essentially,theburdenofproofofcompliancewiththelistedstatuteswillfalluponthedeveloper.(c)LandRightsIssuesEvenatthisstageofprojectformulation,severalpitfallswithinthelicensingprocesscanbeforeseen.Landrightsforconstructionandaccesstotheprojectcouldbeaproblem,particularlywiththecomplexityoftheAlaskanativelandrights,anduseoffederallandsundertheFederalLandPolicyandManagementAct.Atthistime,theU.S.DepartmentsofInteriorandAgriculturearedevelopingregulationsforadministeringtheAct.AstheregulationswillberelativelynewduringplanninganddevelopmentoftheSusitnaproject,administrativeandlegalproblemsassociatedincompliancewiththeActcanbeexpected.2-6(h)HistoricPreservationConcernsExhibitVofthelicenseapplicationrequirestheapplicanttoshowconsultationwiththeAdvisoryCouncilonHistoricPreservationandtheStateHistoricPreservationOfficerandtopreserveandenhancethehistoricvaluesoftheprojectarea.Fieldsearcheswillalsobeconductedtoidentifysignificantculturalresources.Numerousproblemscouldbeassociatedwithculturalresourcessiteswithintheprojectarea.(vii)LicensingPriortoconstructingtheSusitnaHydropowerProject,extensivecoordinationandconsensusagreementsmusttakeplacebetweentheprojectdeveloperandnumerousFederalgovernmentagencies.Severalpermittingprocesseswillneedtoexecuted.However,thefocalpointoftheeffortswillmostprobablybethepreparationandactionrelativetotheFederalEnergyRegulatoryCommission(FERC)licenseapplication.Thelicensewouldallowtheapplicanttoconstructandeventuallyoperatetheproposedfacilityforaperiodofupto50years.Thelicensingprocessisfairlycomplexasnotedbythefactthatthecurrentaveragemajorlicensereviewtimeisapproximatelysevenyearsfromtimeofapplicationtoapproval.(a)ComplexityofReviewProcessThereasonforthelengthoftimeandcomplexityofreviewliesinthefactthattheFERCandthereviewingagencieshaveanumberofrequirementsunderexistingstatuteswhichmustbesatisfiedpriortotakingactionuponanapplication.Addi-tionally,thestatutes,undercertaincircumstances,provideconflictingauthoritiesbetweenreviewagenciesandtheFERC.(b)IntervenorsCompoundingthereviewdifficultyisthespecialstatusofintervenorsintheprocess.TheFERC'sauthorizationlawsandadministrativepracticegiveenormouspowerstotheprojectintervenortodelaytheprocesswithaseriesofhearingsonlegalquestionspertainingtoprojectlicensing.Essentially,theburdenofproofofcompliancewiththelistedstatuteswillfalluponthedeveloper.(c)LandRightsIssuesEvenatthisstageofprojectformulation,severalpitfallswithinthelicensingprocesscanbeforeseen.Landrightsforconstructionandaccesstotheprojectcouldbeaproblem,particularlywiththecomplexityoftheAlaskanativelandrights,anduseoffederallandsundertheFederalLandPolicyandManagementAct.Atthistime,theU.S.DepartmentsofInteriorandAgriculturearedevelopingregulationsforadministeringtheAct.AstheregulationswillberelativelynewduringplanninganddevelopmentoftheSusitnaproject,administrativeandlegalproblemsassociatedincompliancewiththeActcanbeexpected.2-6 (d)WaterResourceDevelopmentPlanSectionIO(a)oftheFederalPowerActrequiresthattheprojectbebestadaptedtoacomprehensivewaterresourcedevelopmentplanfortheprojectarea.InthecaseoftheSusitnaproject,compliancewillmeanthattheneedfortheprojectandallalternativestotheprojecthavebeencarefullystudiedtodeterminethatthisdevelopmentisindeedinthebestinterestsofthepublic.(e)NewRegulationsWehavedeterminedthatFERCwillshortlyissuenewproposed.draftregulationsforlicensingamajorhydroelectricproject.Itwillbenecessarytoreviewnewproceduresandrespondtorequiredchangeswhiletheplannedstudyisinprogress.(viii)ProblemsinPublicParticipationThereisadistinctdifferencebetweentheconceptsofpublicinfor-mationandpublicparticipation.Theformerisdesignedtoletthepublicknowwhatishappening(sometimes,unfortunately,toletthepublicknowonlywhattheplannerwantsittothinkishappening).Thelatternotonlyincludespublicinformationasasubset,butalsoprovidesameansforthepublictobecomeinvolvedinandinfluencethecourseofwork.ForaneffortaslargeastheSusitnaHydro-electricProjectandwithimpactsextendingeffectivelyintoperpetuity,publicparticipation--includingaccuratepublicinformation--isanimperative.Theattendantproblemsaresignificant~(a)ConflictingInterests.Takenalone,themotivationsandobjectivesofindividualsandorganizationswhohavebeeninvolvedtodateontheSusitnaProjectaregenerallysincereandrelativelyeasilyunderstood.Consideredcollectively,however,theyrepresentclearcon-flicts.Itfollowsthatitwillbevirtuallyimpossibletosatisfyeverydesire.Problemswillalmostcertainlyariseindeterminingwhathierarchyofconcernsistobeestablished.HowwillfederalinterestsinaccelerateddevelopmentofenergyresourcesbereconciledwiththoseofcitizenswhowouldpreservetheAlaskanqualityoflife?Ofrecreationalinterestsinpreservinganaturalriverwiththoseofconsumerswhoseekwaysandmeanstostabilizethecostofelectric.energy?Thefollowinglistofspecialinterestsisnotexhaustive:Utilityinterests,includingconcernsaboutabilitytomeetenergydemands,prospectsforrecoveryofcapitalinvestments,profitsforinvestors.Alaskannativegroups,particularlythosewhichhaveselectedlandsintheSusitnaRiverBasin.Fisheriesindustrieswhoseconcernsaboutimpactsonfuturecatch,particularlyofanadromousfish,havenotyetbeenfullyaddressed.2-7(d)WaterResourceDevelopmentPlanSectionIO(a)oftheFederalPowerActrequiresthattheprojectbebestadaptedtoacomprehensivewaterresourcedevelopmentplanfortheprojectarea.InthecaseoftheSusitnaproject,compliancewillmeanthattheneedfortheprojectandallalternativestotheprojecthavebeencarefullystudiedtodeterminethatthisdevelopmentisindeedinthebestinterestsofthepublic.(e)NewRegulationsWehavedeterminedthatFERCwillshortlyissuenewproposed.draftregulationsforlicensingamajorhydroelectricproject.Itwillbenecessarytoreviewnewproceduresandrespondtorequiredchangeswhiletheplannedstudyisinprogress.(viii)ProblemsinPublicParticipationThereisadistinctdifferencebetweentheconceptsofpublicinfor-mationandpublicparticipation.Theformerisdesignedtoletthepublicknowwhatishappening(sometimes,unfortunately,toletthepublicknowonlywhattheplannerwantsittothinkishappening).Thelatternotonlyincludespublicinformationasasubset,butalsoprovidesameansforthepublictobecomeinvolvedinandinfluencethecourseofwork.ForaneffortaslargeastheSusitnaHydro-electricProjectandwithimpactsextendingeffectivelyintoperpetuity,publicparticipation--includingaccuratepublicinformation--isanimperative.Theattendantproblemsaresignificant~(a)ConflictingInterests.Takenalone,themotivationsandobjectivesofindividualsandorganizationswhohavebeeninvolvedtodateontheSusitnaProjectaregenerallysincereandrelativelyeasilyunderstood.Consideredcollectively,however,theyrepresentclearcon-flicts.Itfollowsthatitwillbevirtuallyimpossibletosatisfyeverydesire.Problemswillalmostcertainlyariseindeterminingwhathierarchyofconcernsistobeestablished.HowwillfederalinterestsinaccelerateddevelopmentofenergyresourcesbereconciledwiththoseofcitizenswhowouldpreservetheAlaskanqualityoflife?Ofrecreationalinterestsinpreservinganaturalriverwiththoseofconsumerswhoseekwaysandmeanstostabilizethecostofelectric.energy?Thefollowinglistofspecialinterestsisnotexhaustive:Utilityinterests,includingconcernsaboutabilitytomeetenergydemands,prospectsforrecoveryofcapitalinvestments,profitsforinvestors.Alaskannativegroups,particularlythosewhichhaveselectedlandsintheSusitnaRiverBasin.Fisheriesindustrieswhoseconcernsaboutimpactsonfuturecatch,particularlyofanadromousfish,havenotyetbeenfullyaddressed.2-7 Downstreamresidentsconcernedespeci~llyaboutchangestheSusitnaProjectwillimposeupontheirwayoflife.ConsumersofelectricpowerintheSouthcentralRailbelt.Marketersofalternativeenergyresources.ConservationistswhoperceivetheSusitnaProjectaslikelytospurunwantedgrowth.Industrialandcommercialinterestswhoperceivestabiliza-tionofenergycostsasimportanttofutureprogress.WorkersinterestedinemploymentopportunitiesarisingdirectlyorindirectlyfromconstructionofdamsontheSusitna.AgencieschargedwithmaintenanceandpreservationofAlaskanwildlife,includinginparticulartheAlaskaDepartmentofFishandGameandtheFederalFishandWildlifeDepartment.RailbeltresidentswhoseekassurancesthataSusitnaProjectwillneitherinduceearthquakesnorfailcatastrophicallyifonedoesoccur.Andothers.(b)ImpactsonSchedulesAproperpublicparticipationprogramnecessarilyrequiresthatprovisionsbemadetopermittimeforreviewandcommentatvariouspointsasthestudydevelops.Accommodatingreviewtimerequirements,particularlyincaseswhereproceedingonanewtaskdependsuponafavorabledecisionhavingbeenmadeonresultsoftheprevioustask,canservetodelayscheduledcompletions.(c)ChangingtoAccommodatethePublicInterestTruepublicparticipationrequiresnotonlythatthepublicbeinformedandthattheybeallowedtooffercomment,butalsothattheirlegitimateinputsbeincorporatedinto thework.Thus,provisionsmustbemadetoproperlyaddressnewissuesastheyariseandtotakeactionwhererequired.Itisalmostinevitablethataneffectivepublicinvolvementprogramwillrequirethattheplanofstudybedynamic.Anincreasedriskthatcostswillbeincurredandscheduledcompletiontimeswillbeextendedasnewcoursesofactionarepursuedmustberegardedasaproblemarea.(d)CommunicationsinAlaskaThelargeareaoverwhichpowerwouldbedistributed,relativelyundevelopedroadnets,andremotenessofmanyoftheareastobe2-8Downstreamresidentsconcernedespeci~llyaboutchangestheSusitnaProjectwillimposeupontheirwayoflife.ConsumersofelectricpowerintheSouthcentralRailbelt.Marketersofalternativeenergyresources.ConservationistswhoperceivetheSusitnaProjectaslikelytospurunwantedgrowth.Industrialandcommercialinterestswhoperceivestabiliza-tionofenergycostsasimportanttofutureprogress.WorkersinterestedinemploymentopportunitiesarisingdirectlyorindirectlyfromconstructionofdamsontheSusitna.AgencieschargedwithmaintenanceandpreservationofAlaskanwildlife,includinginparticulartheAlaskaDepartmentofFishandGameandtheFederalFishandWildlifeDepartment.RailbeltresidentswhoseekassurancesthataSusitnaProjectwillneitherinduceearthquakesnorfailcatastrophicallyifonedoesoccur.Andothers.(b)ImpactsonSchedulesAproperpublicparticipationprogramnecessarilyrequiresthatprovisionsbemadetopermittimeforreviewandcommentatvariouspointsasthestudydevelops.Accommodatingreviewtimerequirements,particularlyincaseswhereproceedingonanewtaskdependsuponafavorabledecisionhavingbeenmadeonresultsoftheprevioustask,canservetodelayscheduledcompletions.(c)ChangingtoAccommodatethePublicInterestTruepublicparticipationrequiresnotonlythatthepublicbeinformedandthattheybeallowedtooffercomment,butalsothattheirlegitimateinputsbeincorporatedinto thework.Thus,provisionsmustbemadetoproperlyaddressnewissuesastheyariseandtotakeactionwhererequired.Itisalmostinevitablethataneffectivepublicinvolvementprogramwillrequirethattheplanofstudybedynamic.Anincreasedriskthatcostswillbeincurredandscheduledcompletiontimeswillbeextendedasnewcoursesofactionarepursuedmustberegardedasaproblemarea.(d)CommunicationsinAlaskaThelargeareaoverwhichpowerwouldbedistributed,relativelyundevelopedroadnets,andremotenessofmanyoftheareastobe2-8 affectedbytheSusitnaProjectcombinetocreateunusualpressuresoneffectivecommunications.Itfollowsthatanyproposedpublicparticipationprogrammustbedesignedtoaffordreasonableinvolvementopportunitiesevenforthosewhohavenopracticalmeanstoattendmeetingsormakeregularvisitstoinformationcentersinlargemetropolitanareas.(ix)ControlandCoordinationWehaveassembledateamwhoseindividualcorporatemembersbringstrongspecialskillstobearuponsatisfactionofthevariousprojectobjectives.Thedangerassociatedwithsuchanassemblageisthatcontrolandcoordinationproblemsincreaseincomplexityasaresult.Itbecomesimportantthen,thatearlystepsbetakenandproceduresestablishedsothatthesynergismpromisedbyputtingtheteamtogetherisnotlostthroughfailuresinmanagement.Twoareasinparticularareworthyofconsideration:(a)Planning,ControlandManagementoftheStudyItselfProvisionsmustbemadetoavoidcostlyredundanteffortsaswellastoensurethateachandeverytaskandactionisbudgetedforandaccomplished.(b)PlanningtheEventualConstructionProgramThematteroftimelyandefficientconstructibilityofaproposedmajorprojectcanbeanextremelycostlyproblemareaifitisnotattendedtothroughouttheplanninganddesignprocess.2-9affectedbytheSusitnaProjectcombinetocreateunusualpressuresoneffectivecommunications.Itfollowsthatanyproposedpublicparticipationprogrammustbedesignedtoaffordreasonableinvolvementopportunitiesevenforthosewhohavenopracticalmeanstoattendmeetingsormakeregularvisitstoinformationcentersinlargemetropolitanareas.(ix)ControlandCoordinationWehaveassembledateamwhoseindividualcorporatemembersbringstrongspecialskillstobearuponsatisfactionofthevariousprojectobjectives.Thedangerassociatedwithsuchanassemblageisthatcontrolandcoordinationproblemsincreaseincomplexityasaresult.Itbecomesimportantthen,thatearlystepsbetakenandproceduresestablishedsothatthesynergismpromisedbyputtingtheteamtogetherisnotlostthroughfailuresinmanagement.Twoareasinparticularareworthyofconsideration:(a)Planning,ControlandManagementoftheStudyItselfProvisionsmustbemadetoavoidcostlyredundanteffortsaswellastoensurethateachandeverytaskandactionisbudgetedforandaccomplished.(b)PlanningtheEventualConstructionProgramThematteroftimelyandefficientconstructibilityofaproposedmajorprojectcanbeanextremelycostlyproblemareaifitisnotattendedtothroughouttheplanninganddesignprocess.2-9 A.??.-ProposedApproachtoSolutionofProblems(i)IntroductionGiventhesizeandcomplexityoftheproposedproject,itshouldcomeasnosurprisethattheproblemareasnotedaboveandothersaswelldemandcarefullydeveloped,ofteninnovative,solutions.Ingeneralwebelieveacertainpervasivedisciplinemustbeapartofourapproachtotheprojectasawholeandtoeachofthenecessarytasksandsubtasksindividually.Brieflystated,werecognizeaseriesofstepsasvirtuallyuniversallyapplicable:(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)DefinetheproblemEstablishobjectivesDescribetheworknecessaryforachievingtheobjectivesatminimumcostAssignresponsibilitytotheappropriateteamorsubteamleadersEnsureeachleaderhassufficientqualifiedpersonstodotheworkMakethenecessaryphysicalresourcesandlogisticsupportavailableScheduletheactivitiestoensureresourcecommitmentsandoverallprojectscheduleareappropriateCollectthenecessarydataEvaluatethedataDrawconclusionsProvideexpertreviewDefinenewproblemsEstablishflexibleprocedurestopermitreschedulingandnewresourcecommitmentsasnecessarywhennewproblemsorscopechangesarise.Whilethesestepswillapplyingeneral,certainspecificcommentsasregardsproblemsidentifiedinparagraphA.1.1abovearenotedinsucceedingsubparagraphs.(ii)OptimalDevelopment(a)LoadForecastAccuracyThebusinessofpredictingthefutureinevitablyinvolvesvary-ingdegreesofuncertainty.WeplantoreducethisuncertaintytoanacceptablelevelthroughtheuseofprovenanalyticaleconometricmodelsdevelopedintheStateattheUniversityofAlaskapreciselytosupportthetypeofpredictiveeffortsrequired.ISERwillleadthiswork,supportedbyProfessorsT.L.HuskyandO.S.Goldsmith.ISERwillestablisharangeofforecaststogetherwithassumptionsassociatedwiththeirdevelopment.Thisapproachwill,ofcourse,allowustotesttheimplicationsofvariousgrowthscenariosonprojectviabilityandtiming,aswellaspermitevaluationofreasonablealternatives.2-10A.??.-ProposedApproachtoSolutionofProblems(i)IntroductionGiventhesizeandcomplexityoftheproposedproject,itshouldcomeasnosurprisethattheproblemareasnotedaboveandothersaswelldemandcarefullydeveloped,ofteninnovative,solutions.Ingeneralwebelieveacertainpervasivedisciplinemustbeapartofourapproachtotheprojectasawholeandtoeachofthenecessarytasksandsubtasksindividually.Brieflystated,werecognizeaseriesofstepsasvirtuallyuniversallyapplicable:(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)DefinetheproblemEstablishobjectivesDescribetheworknecessaryforachievingtheobjectivesatminimumcostAssignresponsibilitytotheappropriateteamorsubteamleadersEnsureeachleaderhassufficientqualifiedpersonstodotheworkMakethenecessaryphysicalresourcesandlogisticsupportavailableScheduletheactivitiestoensureresourcecommitmentsandoverallprojectscheduleareappropriateCollectthenecessarydataEvaluatethedataDrawconclusionsProvideexpertreviewDefinenewproblemsEstablishflexibleprocedurestopermitreschedulingandnewresourcecommitmentsasnecessarywhennewproblemsorscopechangesarise.Whilethesestepswillapplyingeneral,certainspecificcommentsasregardsproblemsidentifiedinparagraphA.1.1abovearenotedinsucceedingsubparagraphs.(ii)OptimalDevelopment(a)LoadForecastAccuracyThebusinessofpredictingthefutureinevitablyinvolvesvary-ingdegreesofuncertainty.WeplantoreducethisuncertaintytoanacceptablelevelthroughtheuseofprovenanalyticaleconometricmodelsdevelopedintheStateattheUniversityofAlaskapreciselytosupportthetypeofpredictiveeffortsrequired.ISERwillleadthiswork,supportedbyProfessorsT.L.HuskyandO.S.Goldsmith.ISERwillestablisharangeofforecaststogetherwithassumptionsassociatedwiththeirdevelopment.Thisapproachwill,ofcourse,allowustotesttheimplicationsofvariousgrowthscenariosonprojectviabilityandtiming,aswellaspermitevaluationofreasonablealternatives.2-10 (b)AlternativestoSusitnaDevelopmentDefinitionofreasonablealternativesdemandsthatamarriageofappropriatetechnicalknowledgeofeachalternativetointimateknowledgeofAlaskabeaccomplished.Acreshasstronghydro-electricexperienceaswellasalargethermalpowerdevelopmentgroup.WCC(Alaska)furnishescapabilitiesinanalysisofnon-hydroalternativesaswellasanAlaskanpresence.Ourintentionistostudythewidestpossiblerangeofalternativesandtotestvariouscombinationswhichmightsatisfyloadforecasts.Thistestingprocesswillbefacilitatedthroughtheuseofsophisticatedcomputermodelswhichwehaveusedinprioralternativestudiesofmajorhydroelectricprojects.(c)AlternativesforDevelopmentoftheSusitnaRiverWhilemuchtime,effortandthoughthasgoneintotheearlierCorpsofEngineersstudies,wewillnonethelesstakeafreshlookatpossiblealternativewaysofdevelopingtheSusitnaBasin.Thesestudieswillinclude,forexample,considerationofalongpowertunnelextendingdownstreamfromtheWatanasite.OurprojectteamincludesanumberofpersonnelwhoareskilledintheartofhydroelectricplanningandwehaveincludedaConceptPlanningteamwithinourFeasibilityStudiestaskforce.(iii)DataAcquistionWerecognizetherequirementforlargefieldinvestigatingteams.Itfollowsthatproperfieldsupportfacilitieswillbenecessary.OurlogisticsplanatSectionASprovidesdetailsinthatregard.ThematterofequipmentdemandsinAlaskaisaseriousone.Notonlymustthepropertype ofdrilling,measuring,instrumentingandsamplingdevicesbeavailablewhenandasneeded,butalsotheymustinmanycasesbemodifiedtopermituseinremotesub-arcticregions.R&MistheonlyorganizationofitskindinAlaska.R&M'sspecialsurveyinganddrillingequipmentandextensiveAlaskanexperiencecontributesmuchtoourconfidenceinourabilitytocompletetheproposedworkontimeandonschedule.Inaddition,mostotherprincipalinvestigatorshavehadextensiveexperienceinsub-arcticenvironmentsandallhavemadepreliminaryarrangementsforequipmentneeds.CoordinationwillbefacilitatedthroughtheestablishmentofanAlaskanprojectofficeheadedbyaseniorAcresengineerwhohashimselfledsimilareffortsinthepastformajorprojectsinCanada.(iv)FinancialRiskWehavechosentheinvestmentbankingfirmofSalomonBrotherswhosestrongexperienceintax-exemptbondingmatterswillbeextremelyimportantinpreparationofplansforsuccessfulprojectfinancing.Mr.J.G.Warnock'sownsuccessfulexperienceastheleaderofthebonddocumentationteamontheChurchillFallsprojectprovidesanimportantstrengthontheAcresteam.Thestudyeffortfor2-11(b)AlternativestoSusitnaDevelopmentDefinitionofreasonablealternativesdemandsthatamarriageofappropriatetechnicalknowledgeofeachalternativetointimateknowledgeofAlaskabeaccomplished.Acreshasstronghydro-electricexperienceaswellasalargethermalpowerdevelopmentgroup.WCC(Alaska)furnishescapabilitiesinanalysisofnon-hydroalternativesaswellasanAlaskanpresence.Ourintentionistostudythewidestpossiblerangeofalternativesandtotestvariouscombinationswhichmightsatisfyloadforecasts.Thistestingprocesswillbefacilitatedthroughtheuseofsophisticatedcomputermodelswhichwehaveusedinprioralternativestudiesofmajorhydroelectricprojects.(c)AlternativesforDevelopmentoftheSusitnaRiverWhilemuchtime,effortandthoughthasgoneintotheearlierCorpsofEngineersstudies,wewillnonethelesstakeafreshlookatpossiblealternativewaysofdevelopingtheSusitnaBasin.Thesestudieswillinclude,forexample,considerationofalongpowertunnelextendingdownstreamfromtheWatanasite.OurprojectteamincludesanumberofpersonnelwhoareskilledintheartofhydroelectricplanningandwehaveincludedaConceptPlanningteamwithinourFeasibilityStudiestaskforce.(iii)DataAcquistionWerecognizetherequirementforlargefieldinvestigatingteams.Itfollowsthatproperfieldsupportfacilitieswillbenecessary.OurlogisticsplanatSectionASprovidesdetailsinthatregard.ThematterofequipmentdemandsinAlaskaisaseriousone.Notonlymustthepropertype ofdrilling,measuring,instrumentingandsamplingdevicesbeavailablewhenandasneeded,butalsotheymustinmanycasesbemodifiedtopermituseinremotesub-arcticregions.R&MistheonlyorganizationofitskindinAlaska.R&M'sspecialsurveyinganddrillingequipmentandextensiveAlaskanexperiencecontributesmuchtoourconfidenceinourabilitytocompletetheproposedworkontimeandonschedule.Inaddition,mostotherprincipalinvestigatorshavehadextensiveexperienceinsub-arcticenvironmentsandallhavemadepreliminaryarrangementsforequipmentneeds.CoordinationwillbefacilitatedthroughtheestablishmentofanAlaskanprojectofficeheadedbyaseniorAcresengineerwhohashimselfledsimilareffortsinthepastformajorprojectsinCanada.(iv)FinancialRiskWehavechosentheinvestmentbankingfirmofSalomonBrotherswhosestrongexperienceintax-exemptbondingmatterswillbeextremelyimportantinpreparationofplansforsuccessfulprojectfinancing.Mr.J.G.Warnock'sownsuccessfulexperienceastheleaderofthebonddocumentationteamontheChurchillFallsprojectprovidesanimportantstrengthontheAcresteam.Thestudyeffortfor2-11 financialplanningwillbesharedequallybySalomonBrothersandAcres.Inaddition,wehaveplannedanextensiveriskanalysisprogramforensuringthatweidentifyandminimizevariousfinancialanddesignrisks.Certainspecialconsiderationspertain:(a)MultidisciplinaryInvolvementItwillbeclearthattodealadequatelywiththematteroffinancialriskithastobeconsideredfromverymanyviewpointsinevitablyinvolvingamultidisciplinaryapproach.Traditionally,engineersalonewereengagedintheearlyplanningandconsiderationofhydroelectricpowersiteswithotherinterests-suchasfinancial,insurance,laborrelations,etc.-joininginlaterwhenfeasibilityhadallbutbeenestablished.Suchaprocedurewasquitepracticablewhenhydro-electricsitesclearlyjustifieddevelopmentontheirownmerit,economicswerenotinquestion,andenvironmentalconstraintunheardof.Nowadays,despiterapidescalatingcostsoffuelgeneratedpoweralternatives,hydroelectricpowergenerationisoftenmarginalinpowersupplyeconomicsanddevelopmentfacesconstantuncertaintyastowhetheranyinstallationcouldbejustifiedatallinthefaceofenvironmentalconstraintandobjections.IntothisauraofuncertaintymajorprojectssuchasSusitnaarebeinglaunched.Itisclearthatonlythehigheststandardofmanagementanddedicationtoanultimatebeliefinproperdevelopmentofrenewableresourceswillleadsuchaprojecttoimplementation.Methodsandapproachesare,however,availableandwelltestedwhichwillassisttheprocessmarkedly.Basictothesuccessfulapproachisabroadinterdisciplinaryinvolvementfromthestart.Engineersmustbeeffectivelybackedupby~eamoffinancialspecialists,economicanalysts,environmentalists,insuranceexperts,constructionmanagers,laborrelationsspecialists,etc.Nolongerisitpracticalforasingleengineeringdisciplinetocarryaprojectfrominitialconcepttocommitmenttoconstructioninaprogramofrelativelyisolatedconcentrationonthephysicalaspectsofthesite.Weadvocate,therefore,acarefullyplannedcloseinvolvementoftheengineeringteamwithalltheotherdisciplinesandspecialistswhich,whenintegratedtoasumofeffortoverthepreliminaryphasesofaproject,canbuildthebasicconfidencewhichovercomestheapparentandgrowingconstraints.Fundamentaltotheapproachwerecommend,isacloseintegrationofengineering,financialandinsurancespecialityinputfromthestart.------(b)Technical/EconomicRelationshipstoPowerContractNegotiationsFundamentaltothesuccessofanyplantodeveloptheSusitnaprojectisthefocusofcontractforthesaleofenergyandcapacityfromthecompletedplant.Inordertoprovidethe2-12financialplanningwillbesharedequallybySalomonBrothersandAcres.Inaddition,wehaveplannedanextensiveriskanalysisprogramforensuringthatweidentifyandminimizevariousfinancialanddesignrisks.Certainspecialconsiderationspertain:(a)MultidisciplinaryInvolvementItwillbeclearthattodealadequatelywiththematteroffinancialriskithastobeconsideredfromverymanyviewpointsinevitablyinvolvingamultidisciplinaryapproach.Traditionally,engineersalonewereengagedintheearlyplanningandconsiderationofhydroelectricpowersiteswithotherinterests-suchasfinancial,insurance,laborrelations,etc.-joininginlaterwhenfeasibilityhadallbutbeenestablished.Suchaprocedurewasquitepracticablewhenhydro-electricsitesclearlyjustifieddevelopmentontheirownmerit,economicswerenotinquestion,andenvironmentalconstraintunheardof.Nowadays,despiterapidescalatingcostsoffuelgeneratedpoweralternatives,hydroelectricpowergenerationisoftenmarginalinpowersupplyeconomicsanddevelopmentfacesconstantuncertaintyastowhetheranyinstallationcouldbejustifiedatallinthefaceofenvironmentalconstraintandobjections.IntothisauraofuncertaintymajorprojectssuchasSusitnaarebeinglaunched.Itisclearthatonlythehigheststandardofmanagementanddedicationtoanultimatebeliefinproperdevelopmentofrenewableresourceswillleadsuchaprojecttoimplementation.Methodsandapproachesare,however,availableandwelltestedwhichwillassisttheprocessmarkedly.Basictothesuccessfulapproachisabroadinterdisciplinaryinvolvementfromthestart.Engineersmustbeeffectivelybackedupby~eamoffinancialspecialists,economicanalysts,environmentalists,insuranceexperts,constructionmanagers,laborrelationsspecialists,etc.Nolongerisitpracticalforasingleengineeringdisciplinetocarryaprojectfrominitialconcepttocommitmenttoconstructioninaprogramofrelativelyisolatedconcentrationonthephysicalaspectsofthesite.Weadvocate,therefore,acarefullyplannedcloseinvolvementoftheengineeringteamwithalltheotherdisciplinesandspecialistswhich,whenintegratedtoasumofeffortoverthepreliminaryphasesofaproject,canbuildthebasicconfidencewhichovercomestheapparentandgrowingconstraints.Fundamentaltotheapproachwerecommend,isacloseintegrationofengineering,financialandinsurancespecialityinputfromthestart.------(b)Technical/EconomicRelationshipstoPowerContractNegotiationsFundamentaltothesuccessofanyplantodeveloptheSusitnaprojectisthefocusofcontractforthesaleofenergyandcapacityfromthecompletedplant.Inordertoprovidethe2-12 adequatedebtserviceacontractualarrangementisnecessarywhichcallsfor"takeorpay"obligationsonthepartoftheenergypurchases.Thisandotherbasicelementsofthepowercontractcanhaveaprofoundeffectontheviabilityoftheproject.Itmightbesuggestedthatthisisnotanengineeringproblembutoneforthemarketing/utilitynegotiationteamalone.Butnotnecessarilyso;itistheengineerwhocancontributevitalknowledgetotheassessmentofthereliabilityofenergysupplyovertheyearsofthecontract.Healsohastobalancethevaluesofvariouscapacityfactorsfortheplannedplant.Hehastoassess,furthermore,thechangingrolethatmaybeattributedtothefacilitationastimepasses.Itisnecessarytoviewpowersystemplanningona"dynamicbasis."Economistsplaytheirsuccinctroletoo.Muchoftheforecast-ingoflikelymarketconditionsfallstotheirjudgment.Theyhavetoassesslikelyfuturevariationsinfuelandenergyaspectsofalternativegeneration.Costescalationonconstructionhasaheavybearingonahydroelectricprojectandisamenabletocarefuljudgmentbyeconomicspecialists.(c)RiskAssessmentandContingencyPlanningInordertoprotecttheprojectcapitalstructure,allowanceshavetobemadeforcontingencies,provisionsforescalationincostsandforacompletionguarantee.Thefirsttwooftheseitemsarebasicelementsofthecapitalcostbudgetwhilethethirdisusuallydealtwithasastandbyfinancingarrangement.Inarrivingatprudentallowancesforcontingenciesonverymajorprojects,itisbecomingincreasinglydesirabletodeter-minetheseasaresultofacarefullyconductedriskanalysis.Modernmethodsareavailable,whichhavebeenadequatelytestedonlargeundertakings,todeterminethelikelyconfidencelevelofestimatesbothofcostsandschedule(whichitselfhascostimplications).TheapproachplannedforSusitnawouldemployup-to-datetech-niquesofriskassessmentandcontingencyplanningwhichontheonehandwouldpermitthereductiontoaminimumof"realmoney"over-runallowancesandemploytothemaximumextentpossiblemeasurestomitigaterisk.Thestudycontributessubstantiallytothedeterminationofthe"residualrisk,"which,inaprojectofthenatureofSusitna,remainstobecoveredbyinsuranceorbyaconsciousacceptancebytheownerthatitwillbecoveredinsomeotherwayshouldadversecircumstancesprevail.Thecapacityoftheinternation-alinsurancemarketmethodtoassumegreaterlevelsofinsurancehasimprovedasthesizeofmajorprojectshasincreased.Thetypeofapproachrecommendedisintendedtoleadtothemostfavorablepracticablebasisforinsuranceprovisions.2-13adequatedebtserviceacontractualarrangementisnecessarywhichcallsfor"takeorpay"obligationsonthepartoftheenergypurchases.Thisandotherbasicelementsofthepowercontractcanhaveaprofoundeffectontheviabilityoftheproject.Itmightbesuggestedthatthisisnotanengineeringproblembutoneforthemarketing/utilitynegotiationteamalone.Butnotnecessarilyso;itistheengineerwhocancontributevitalknowledgetotheassessmentofthereliabilityofenergysupplyovertheyearsofthecontract.Healsohastobalancethevaluesofvariouscapacityfactorsfortheplannedplant.Hehastoassess,furthermore,thechangingrolethatmaybeattributedtothefacilitationastimepasses.Itisnecessarytoviewpowersystemplanningona"dynamicbasis."Economistsplaytheirsuccinctroletoo.Muchoftheforecast-ingoflikelymarketconditionsfallstotheirjudgment.Theyhavetoassesslikelyfuturevariationsinfuelandenergyaspectsofalternativegeneration.Costescalationonconstructionhasaheavybearingonahydroelectricprojectandisamenabletocarefuljudgmentbyeconomicspecialists.(c)RiskAssessmentandContingencyPlanningInordertoprotecttheprojectcapitalstructure,allowanceshavetobemadeforcontingencies,provisionsforescalationincostsandforacompletionguarantee.Thefirsttwooftheseitemsarebasicelementsofthecapitalcostbudgetwhilethethirdisusuallydealtwithasastandbyfinancingarrangement.Inarrivingatprudentallowancesforcontingenciesonverymajorprojects,itisbecomingincreasinglydesirabletodeter-minetheseasaresultofacarefullyconductedriskanalysis.Modernmethodsareavailable,whichhavebeenadequatelytestedonlargeundertakings,todeterminethelikelyconfidencelevelofestimatesbothofcostsandschedule(whichitselfhascostimplications).TheapproachplannedforSusitnawouldemployup-to-datetech-niquesofriskassessmentandcontingencyplanningwhichontheonehandwouldpermitthereductiontoaminimumof"realmoney"over-runallowancesandemploytothemaximumextentpossiblemeasurestomitigaterisk.Thestudycontributessubstantiallytothedeterminationofthe"residualrisk,"which,inaprojectofthenatureofSusitna,remainstobecoveredbyinsuranceorbyaconsciousacceptancebytheownerthatitwillbecoveredinsomeotherwayshouldadversecircumstancesprevail.Thecapacityoftheinternation-alinsurancemarketmethodtoassumegreaterlevelsofinsurancehasimprovedasthesizeofmajorprojectshasincreased.Thetypeofapproachrecommendedisintendedtoleadtothemostfavorablepracticablebasisforinsuranceprovisions.2-13 (v)DesignProblemsSpecialdesignproblemsdemandspecialattention,fortimeandeffortdevotedtotheirresolutionpriortoconstructionpayhandsomedividendsintermsofcorrectioncostsavoidedlaterandinterms,aswell,ofsecuringthenecessarydegreeofconfidenceonthepartofinvestors,environmentalinterests,Stateauthorities,andthepublicingeneral.(a)SeismicityWehavenotedearliertheimportanceofseismicitystudiesandofdesigningearthquakeresistantstructures.Soimportantdoweregardthisareathatwehaveplannedforexhaustiveinvesti-gationssupportedbymodernsophisticatedinstrumentation.Acreshasdealtwithseismicityissueswithgreatsuccessinthepastonanumberofmajorhydroelectricandotherpowerpro-jects.weewillconducttheseismicitystudiesfortheSusitnaProject,withcarefulreviewprovidedbytheAcresteam.Whiletheweeexpertiseinthisareaisunquestionable,wehavebeenparticularlycarefultoprovidethemeansandtheresourcestoseekconfirmationbyobjectiveexpertswhosedutieswillbeconductedquiteapartfromtheAcresteam.Wehavechosenanapproachwhichcallsuponaproposedexternalboard(orboards)tocommissionthoseconfirmatoryoradditionalstudieswhichtheyregardasessentialtorenderinganexpertopiniononhowwellourowndesignsareresponsivetoearthquakeconcerns.Fundsareavailableforthepurpose.(b)IceIcestudiesareprovidedforinthestudyprogramtoassessthecurrenticingconditionsfoundnaturallyintheSusitnabasinwithouttheproject.Fieldinvestigationsandsurveyswillalsoproducevitalinformation,includingappropriatein-streamhydrographicsurveysandfloodplanecross-sectionsdownstreamoftheproposeddamsites.Asdesignconceptsareevaluated,wewilldrawupontheexpertiseofmembersoftheAcresteamwhohavecounteredoperationalicingproblemsonpastprojects.Inthisregard,forexample,ourmechanicalengineeringstaffwillpayparticularattentiontothepossibilitythatfrazilicemayinterferewithgenerationflows.AseparateIceStudiesteamhasalsobeenincludedwithinourFeasibilityStudiesorganization.Thenatureandextentofthepotentialforicejammingandiceshelvinginthereservoirswillbedetailedandclosecoordinationwillbemaintainedwiththoseinvolvedinenvironmentalstudiestoensurethatimpactsoficeformationsonwildlifemigrationandsurvivalareunderstood.(c)SlopeStabilityFieldinvestigationsbyR&Mwillprovideasourceofdatafor2-14(v)DesignProblemsSpecialdesignproblemsdemandspecialattention,fortimeandeffortdevotedtotheirresolutionpriortoconstructionpayhandsomedividendsintermsofcorrectioncostsavoidedlaterandinterms,aswell,ofsecuringthenecessarydegreeofconfidenceonthepartofinvestors,environmentalinterests,Stateauthorities,andthepublicingeneral.(a)SeismicityWehavenotedearliertheimportanceofseismicitystudiesandofdesigningearthquakeresistantstructures.Soimportantdoweregardthisareathatwehaveplannedforexhaustiveinvesti-gationssupportedbymodernsophisticatedinstrumentation.Acreshasdealtwithseismicityissueswithgreatsuccessinthepastonanumberofmajorhydroelectricandotherpowerpro-jects.weewillconducttheseismicitystudiesfortheSusitnaProject,withcarefulreviewprovidedbytheAcresteam.Whiletheweeexpertiseinthisareaisunquestionable,wehavebeenparticularlycarefultoprovidethemeansandtheresourcestoseekconfirmationbyobjectiveexpertswhosedutieswillbeconductedquiteapartfromtheAcresteam.Wehavechosenanapproachwhichcallsuponaproposedexternalboard(orboards)tocommissionthoseconfirmatoryoradditionalstudieswhichtheyregardasessentialtorenderinganexpertopiniononhowwellourowndesignsareresponsivetoearthquakeconcerns.Fundsareavailableforthepurpose.(b)IceIcestudiesareprovidedforinthestudyprogramtoassessthecurrenticingconditionsfoundnaturallyintheSusitnabasinwithouttheproject.Fieldinvestigationsandsurveyswillalsoproducevitalinformation,includingappropriatein-streamhydrographicsurveysandfloodplanecross-sectionsdownstreamoftheproposeddamsites.Asdesignconceptsareevaluated,wewilldrawupontheexpertiseofmembersoftheAcresteamwhohavecounteredoperationalicingproblemsonpastprojects.Inthisregard,forexample,ourmechanicalengineeringstaffwillpayparticularattentiontothepossibilitythatfrazilicemayinterferewithgenerationflows.AseparateIceStudiesteamhasalsobeenincludedwithinourFeasibilityStudiesorganization.Thenatureandextentofthepotentialforicejammingandiceshelvinginthereservoirswillbedetailedandclosecoordinationwillbemaintainedwiththoseinvolvedinenvironmentalstudiestoensurethatimpactsoficeformationsonwildlifemigrationandsurvivalareunderstood.(c)SlopeStabilityFieldinvestigationsbyR&Mwillprovideasourceofdatafor2-14 evaluatingslopestability.TheextentofpermafrostinthedamandreservoirareasandtheresultingpotentialforslopeinstabilitywillbecarefullyinvestigatedbytheProjectTeam.ThecombinedexpertiseofR&MandAcreswillbedirectedtowardthedesignofcountermeasuresasappropriateandriskstudieswillconsidertheconsequencesofunanticipatedslopefailuresandsnowslides.(d)SiltationEarlierCorpsofEngineersstudieshaveindicatedthatthedepositionofsedimentintheWatanareservoirwillbeentirelyinthedeadstorageareathroughouttheproposedoperatingperiodfortheproject.Wewillconductnecessarystudiestoconfirmthoseearlierfindingsandtobetterdeterminetheexpectedrateofsiltation.Changesinsiltloadpatternsdownstreamofthedamswillalsobeexaminedfrombothenvironmentalandwaterqualitystandpoints.(vi)EnvironmentalImpactOuroverallapproachtoaproposedextensiveenvironmentalprogramreliesuponthecoordinationofaseriesofindividualstudiesconductedbyindividualswhoseentireprofessionalcareershavebeendevotedtoparticularsubjectareas.Anumberofconsultants,severalwithconsiderablesub-arcticand/orAlaskanexperienceinpertinentareasofstudy,willparticipateinthework.ThecoordinationeffortwillbeaccomplishedprimarilybyTESwhoseownstaffwillaugmenttheconsultants'efforts.Certainspecificmattershighlightedaboveasproblemswillberesolvedasfollows:(a)CompleteCycleStudiesTheprogramtobeconductedbyADF&Giscomprehensiveandwillprovidetheinformationnecessaryforimpactevaluation.Thefactthattheprogramextendsbeyondtheproposedpointforlicenseapplicationneednotrepresentadeterrent,becauseourdiscussionswithMr.RonaldCorsoofFERChaveindicatedthat,providedtheapplicationitselfdescribeswhatcontinuingstudieswillbeconducted,itcanbefiledbeforetheyarecompleted.(b)GettinguptoSpeedSelectionofconsultantsand,inappropriateareasofstudy,ofADF&GtoperformbaselinedataacquistionworkhasbeenaccomplishedbasedonthecriterionthateachofthePrincipalInvestigatorsmusthaveexperienceinsub-arcticenvironments,preferablyinAlaska.(c)RelationshipswithADF&GOurapproachtotheissueofensuringtheADF&Gmaintainsitsproperstatusasanobjectivereviewingandapprovingauthority2-15evaluatingslopestability.TheextentofpermafrostinthedamandreservoirareasandtheresultingpotentialforslopeinstabilitywillbecarefullyinvestigatedbytheProjectTeam.ThecombinedexpertiseofR&MandAcreswillbedirectedtowardthedesignofcountermeasuresasappropriateandriskstudieswillconsidertheconsequencesofunanticipatedslopefailuresandsnowslides.(d)SiltationEarlierCorpsofEngineersstudieshaveindicatedthatthedepositionofsedimentintheWatanareservoirwillbeentirelyinthedeadstorageareathroughouttheproposedoperatingperiodfortheproject.Wewillconductnecessarystudiestoconfirmthoseearlierfindingsandtobetterdeterminetheexpectedrateofsiltation.Changesinsiltloadpatternsdownstreamofthedamswillalsobeexaminedfrombothenvironmentalandwaterqualitystandpoints.(vi)EnvironmentalImpactOuroverallapproachtoaproposedextensiveenvironmentalprogramreliesuponthecoordinationofaseriesofindividualstudiesconductedbyindividualswhoseentireprofessionalcareershavebeendevotedtoparticularsubjectareas.Anumberofconsultants,severalwithconsiderablesub-arcticand/orAlaskanexperienceinpertinentareasofstudy,willparticipateinthework.ThecoordinationeffortwillbeaccomplishedprimarilybyTESwhoseownstaffwillaugmenttheconsultants'efforts.Certainspecificmattershighlightedaboveasproblemswillberesolvedasfollows:(a)CompleteCycleStudiesTheprogramtobeconductedbyADF&Giscomprehensiveandwillprovidetheinformationnecessaryforimpactevaluation.Thefactthattheprogramextendsbeyondtheproposedpointforlicenseapplicationneednotrepresentadeterrent,becauseourdiscussionswithMr.RonaldCorsoofFERChaveindicatedthat,providedtheapplicationitselfdescribeswhatcontinuingstudieswillbeconducted,itcanbefiledbeforetheyarecompleted.(b)GettinguptoSpeedSelectionofconsultantsand,inappropriateareasofstudy,ofADF&GtoperformbaselinedataacquistionworkhasbeenaccomplishedbasedonthecriterionthateachofthePrincipalInvestigatorsmusthaveexperienceinsub-arcticenvironments,preferablyinAlaska.(c)RelationshipswithADF&GOurapproachtotheissueofensuringtheADF&Gmaintainsitsproperstatusasanobjectivereviewingandapprovingauthority2-15 whileconcurrentlyundertakinginvestigatorytasksinvolvesauniqueconcept.EachofthefieldstudiesandreportstobeproducedbyADF&GwillbeproducedforandfundeddirectlybythePowerAuthority.NoneofourorganizationchartsorconceptsincludesADF&GasasubsidiaryorsubcontractortoAcres.ADF&G'sinvolvementisassumedtooccurinaccordancewiththefollowingscenario:(1)BaselinestudieswillbeperformedbyADF&Gforbiggameandfisheriesincludingdatacollection,analysisandinterpretation.(2)TESanditsconsultantsdeveloptheenvironmentalassessment.(3)ADF&GreviewsandcommentsuponTESworkandappropriatemodificationsarerecommended.(4)MitigationmeasuresareproposedbyTES(insomecasesrelyingondatafurnishedtoAPAbyADF&G).(5)ADF&Greviewsproposedmitigationplansandofferscomments.(6)TESupdatesearliersubmission.(7)ADF&Gapproves.ThisprocedurewillbefollowedasnecessarythroughouttheperiodpriortoFERClicenseapproval.(d)InformationExchangeOurapproachtoinvolvementofenvironmentalinterestsexternaltotheAcresteamincludesaseriesofeightworkshops,eachoneofwhichwillbepartiallyorfullydevotedtoenvironmentalmatters.Sixoftheworkshopsarescheduledinadvanceandtwoarefundedbutnotscheduled,topermitflexibilityinresponsetoissuesofopportunity.(e)InterpretationsofNEPAWewillmaintainourclosereviewofrecentCEQactionsaswellasourmonitorshipofFERClicenseprocessing.Weintendaswell,throughourAlaskaProjectOffice,tomaintaincontinuouscloseliaisonwithappropriateStateagencies.Stateagencieswillbeinvitedtoparticipateaswellinworkshopsessions.(f)MitigationThescenarioforseekingStateapprovalformitigationmeasureshasbeensummarizedinsubparagraph(c)above.Itisourinten-tiontohave,priortolicenseapplication,anagreed-uponapproachtopreparingamitigationplanduringthepost-applicationphase.Thelicenseapplicationwillincludeapreliminaryanalysisofmitigationalternativesanda proposedplanofactiontodevelopanactualmitigationplanduring2-16whileconcurrentlyundertakinginvestigatorytasksinvolvesauniqueconcept.EachofthefieldstudiesandreportstobeproducedbyADF&GwillbeproducedforandfundeddirectlybythePowerAuthority.NoneofourorganizationchartsorconceptsincludesADF&GasasubsidiaryorsubcontractortoAcres.ADF&G'sinvolvementisassumedtooccurinaccordancewiththefollowingscenario:(1)BaselinestudieswillbeperformedbyADF&Gforbiggameandfisheriesincludingdatacollection,analysisandinterpretation.(2)TESanditsconsultantsdeveloptheenvironmentalassessment.(3)ADF&GreviewsandcommentsuponTESworkandappropriatemodificationsarerecommended.(4)MitigationmeasuresareproposedbyTES(insomecasesrelyingondatafurnishedtoAPAbyADF&G).(5)ADF&Greviewsproposedmitigationplansandofferscomments.(6)TESupdatesearliersubmission.(7)ADF&Gapproves.ThisprocedurewillbefollowedasnecessarythroughouttheperiodpriortoFERClicenseapproval.(d)InformationExchangeOurapproachtoinvolvementofenvironmentalinterestsexternaltotheAcresteamincludesaseriesofeightworkshops,eachoneofwhichwillbepartiallyorfullydevotedtoenvironmentalmatters.Sixoftheworkshopsarescheduledinadvanceandtwoarefundedbutnotscheduled,topermitflexibilityinresponsetoissuesofopportunity.(e)InterpretationsofNEPAWewillmaintainourclosereviewofrecentCEQactionsaswellasourmonitorshipofFERClicenseprocessing.Weintendaswell,throughourAlaskaProjectOffice,tomaintaincontinuouscloseliaisonwithappropriateStateagencies.Stateagencieswillbeinvitedtoparticipateaswellinworkshopsessions.(f)MitigationThescenarioforseekingStateapprovalformitigationmeasureshasbeensummarizedinsubparagraph(c)above.Itisourinten-tiontohave,priortolicenseapplication,anagreed-uponapproachtopreparingamitigationplanduringthepost-applicationphase.Thelicenseapplicationwillincludeapreliminaryanalysisofmitigationalternativesanda proposedplanofactiontodevelopanactualmitigationplanduring2-16 post-applicationstudies.Thisapproachwillallowforthepreparationofaplanbasedonsounddataandalsoprovideanopportunityforinputbyappropriateagenciesbeforeadetailedplanisfinalized.(g)ConflictingorOverlappingAuthoritiesByseekingtheinvolvementofFederalandStateagenciesthroughoutthestudyperiodandespeciallyinworkshopsessions,weseektominimizeconflicts.(h)HistoricPreservationConcernsWewillschedulenecessaryconsultationsonhistoricpreserva-tionmatterswithappropriatefederalandstateagencies.Ourplanstoensurearcheologicalreconnaissancepriortositedisturbancewillalsocontributetooursatisfactionofproblemsinthisarea.(vii)LicensingParagraphA.2.1identifiednumerousdifficultieswhichcanoccurinobtainingaFERClicense.AlthoughthelisttouchesupontheproblemswhichappearapplicabletoSusitna,otherscanariseduringthelengthyprocess.OurapproachtothelicensingissuecallsfortheestablishmentofasmallteamwhoseentireeffortswillbedevotedtocoordinatingthepreparationofthetotalapplicationaswellastomaintainingfrequentcontactwithFERC.Whereasindividualexhibitswillbegenerallypreparedasoutputsofothertasks,thisfocalpointforlicensingworkwillprovidethemeanstominimizelaterinterventionsbyanticipatingsensitiveissuesinadvance.Ofparticularimpor-tancewillbetheimpactofnewdraftregulationswhentheyarepub-lished.Theearlyindicationsarethatsomecostsavingsmayaccrueasaresultofsimplificationsinprocedures.Evenso,thePlanofStudyisnecessarilybasedonsatisfactionofcurrentregulations.Wewillproposechangesatalaterdateifappropriate.ParticularlyimportantinthelicensingofalargeprojectsuchasSusitnaistheeffectiveschedulingofpreparatoryactivities.PlateA.2.1indicatesourproposedschedulingofallactivitieswhichweproposetoundertakepriortosubmissionofthelicenseapplication,andafterwards.TheessentialphilosophyofourproposedapproachistoinvolveFERCassoonaspossibleandtoinitiatecontactswithallconcernedlocal,stateandfederalagenciesandindividualswellinadvanceofthesubmission.YetthesubmissionmustrespondadequatelytotherequirementslaiddownbyFERC.Weconfidentlyprojecta30monthperiodtofullycompletethedataacquisitionrequirementsforsubmissionofacompliantlicenseapplicationtoFERC.WebasetheseprojectionsonourexperienceanddiscussionswithFERCstaff.LicenseactivitiesarediscussedindetailinTask10,SectionA5ofthisPOS.(viii)PublicParticipationTheoverallobjectivesofthepublicparticipationprogramaretwofold:tokeepthepublicfullyinformedandtoprovideameans2-17post-applicationstudies.Thisapproachwillallowforthepreparationofaplanbasedonsounddataandalsoprovideanopportunityforinputbyappropriateagenciesbeforeadetailedplanisfinalized.(g)ConflictingorOverlappingAuthoritiesByseekingtheinvolvementofFederalandStateagenciesthroughoutthestudyperiodandespeciallyinworkshopsessions,weseektominimizeconflicts.(h)HistoricPreservationConcernsWewillschedulenecessaryconsultationsonhistoricpreserva-tionmatterswithappropriatefederalandstateagencies.Ourplanstoensurearcheologicalreconnaissancepriortositedisturbancewillalsocontributetooursatisfactionofproblemsinthisarea.(vii)LicensingParagraphA.2.1identifiednumerousdifficultieswhichcanoccurinobtainingaFERClicense.AlthoughthelisttouchesupontheproblemswhichappearapplicabletoSusitna,otherscanariseduringthelengthyprocess.OurapproachtothelicensingissuecallsfortheestablishmentofasmallteamwhoseentireeffortswillbedevotedtocoordinatingthepreparationofthetotalapplicationaswellastomaintainingfrequentcontactwithFERC.Whereasindividualexhibitswillbegenerallypreparedasoutputsofothertasks,thisfocalpointforlicensingworkwillprovidethemeanstominimizelaterinterventionsbyanticipatingsensitiveissuesinadvance.Ofparticularimpor-tancewillbetheimpactofnewdraftregulationswhentheyarepub-lished.Theearlyindicationsarethatsomecostsavingsmayaccrueasaresultofsimplificationsinprocedures.Evenso,thePlanofStudyisnecessarilybasedonsatisfactionofcurrentregulations.Wewillproposechangesatalaterdateifappropriate.ParticularlyimportantinthelicensingofalargeprojectsuchasSusitnaistheeffectiveschedulingofpreparatoryactivities.PlateA.2.1indicatesourproposedschedulingofallactivitieswhichweproposetoundertakepriortosubmissionofthelicenseapplication,andafterwards.TheessentialphilosophyofourproposedapproachistoinvolveFERCassoonaspossibleandtoinitiatecontactswithallconcernedlocal,stateandfederalagenciesandindividualswellinadvanceofthesubmission.YetthesubmissionmustrespondadequatelytotherequirementslaiddownbyFERC.Weconfidentlyprojecta30monthperiodtofullycompletethedataacquisitionrequirementsforsubmissionofacompliantlicenseapplicationtoFERC.WebasetheseprojectionsonourexperienceanddiscussionswithFERCstaff.LicenseactivitiesarediscussedindetailinTask10,SectionA5ofthisPOS.(viii)PublicParticipationTheoverallobjectivesofthepublicparticipationprogramaretwofold:tokeepthepublicfullyinformedandtoprovideameans2-17 wherebythepubliccaninfluencethework.TheseobjectiveswillbesatisfiedingeneralbyconductingathoroughandenthusiasticpUblicinformationprogramwhichincludesmulti-mediaexposure,scheduledevents,resourcessetasidetocapitalizeonunforeseeninformationopportunities,andatotalcommitmenttoestablishmentofacontin-uouslyavailableandaccessibleinformationoffice;andtheprovisionfordynamicplanning.Itisthislatterfacetofthepublicparticipationprogramwhichdistinguishesitfrommoreconventionalapproaches.Simplystated,wehavebuiltintothestudyprocessaprovisionforincorporatingnewlyidentifiedactionsaswellasindependentreviewprocedures.Ourplanofstudyisanexcellentblueprintforlicensing.Publicinputandthesageadviceofindependentpanelsofexpertscannothelpbutimprovetheplan--andthus,thestudy--astheworkproceeds.Ourspecificapproachtoresolutionofpreviouslyidentifiedproblemsisasfollows:(a)ConflictingInterestsAseriesofmilestones,inc1udingallpub1icmeetingsandworkshops,willbecomethetriggerforpreparationofactionlists.Eachsubstantivecommentorconcernwillbetranslatedintoaspecificactionorwillberecommendedforrejectionbytheprojectmanager.Proposedactionswithsignificantimpactsontime,schedule,orconceptwillbereferredtoAPAforspe-cificapproval.Otheractionsoflesserapparentconsequenceswillberoutinelyprocessedandundertaken,withAPAkeptfullyinformed.Thosecommentsandconcernswhicharerecommendedforrejectionwillbereferredforconsideration(alongwithreasonsforrecommendingrejection)toAPAandtotheappropriateexternalreviewboard.(Notethatbothengineeringandenvironmentalreviewboardshavebeenproposed.)Theproposedactionsaswellasrecommendedrejectionswillrepresentthestudyteam'sbesteffortstoresolveconflictinginterestsandconcerns.Evenso,thereisnoreasonablewaytoensurethatallpubliclyexpresseddesireswillbesatisfied.Creationofanactionlistwillprovidethevehiclesothateveryconcernisatleastexplicitlyconsideredanddeliberationsofexternalreviewboardswillprovidefurtherrecourseforthosewhodisagreewiththepositiontakenbytheprojectmanager.(b)ImpactsonScheduleTheextensivepublicparticipationprogramdescribedindetailinTask12(SectionA5)andillustratedonplatesinthatsectionhasbeendesignedtopermitmaximumpublicreviewandcommentactivitieswithoutdisruptingtheprogressofthestudy.BypublishingmonthlyprogressreportsavailableforreviewatthePublicParticipationOffice,byconductingfrequentworkshopsopentothepublic,andbyallowingamplereviewperiodsforimportantreportspriortopublicmeetings,webelievethatitwillbepossibletomaintaintheagreedscheduleandensuremaximumpublicparticipation.(c)ChangingtoAccommodatethePublicInterestWhereasitisbothpossibleandpropertoplanforreviewperiodsundertheassumptionthattheproposedplanofstudy2-18wherebythepubliccaninfluencethework.TheseobjectiveswillbesatisfiedingeneralbyconductingathoroughandenthusiasticpUblicinformationprogramwhichincludesmulti-mediaexposure,scheduledevents,resourcessetasidetocapitalizeonunforeseeninformationopportunities,andatotalcommitmenttoestablishmentofacontin-uouslyavailableandaccessibleinformationoffice;andtheprovisionfordynamicplanning.Itisthislatterfacetofthepublicparticipationprogramwhichdistinguishesitfrommoreconventionalapproaches.Simplystated,wehavebuiltintothestudyprocessaprovisionforincorporatingnewlyidentifiedactionsaswellasindependentreviewprocedures.Ourplanofstudyisanexcellentblueprintforlicensing.Publicinputandthesageadviceofindependentpanelsofexpertscannothelpbutimprovetheplan--andthus,thestudy--astheworkproceeds.Ourspecificapproachtoresolutionofpreviouslyidentifiedproblemsisasfollows:(a)ConflictingInterestsAseriesofmilestones,inc1udingallpub1icmeetingsandworkshops,willbecomethetriggerforpreparationofactionlists.Eachsubstantivecommentorconcernwillbetranslatedintoaspecificactionorwillberecommendedforrejectionbytheprojectmanager.Proposedactionswithsignificantimpactsontime,schedule,orconceptwillbereferredtoAPAforspe-cificapproval.Otheractionsoflesserapparentconsequenceswillberoutinelyprocessedandundertaken,withAPAkeptfullyinformed.Thosecommentsandconcernswhicharerecommendedforrejectionwillbereferredforconsideration(alongwithreasonsforrecommendingrejection)toAPAandtotheappropriateexternalreviewboard.(Notethatbothengineeringandenvironmentalreviewboardshavebeenproposed.)Theproposedactionsaswellasrecommendedrejectionswillrepresentthestudyteam'sbesteffortstoresolveconflictinginterestsandconcerns.Evenso,thereisnoreasonablewaytoensurethatallpubliclyexpresseddesireswillbesatisfied.Creationofanactionlistwillprovidethevehiclesothateveryconcernisatleastexplicitlyconsideredanddeliberationsofexternalreviewboardswillprovidefurtherrecourseforthosewhodisagreewiththepositiontakenbytheprojectmanager.(b)ImpactsonScheduleTheextensivepublicparticipationprogramdescribedindetailinTask12(SectionA5)andillustratedonplatesinthatsectionhasbeendesignedtopermitmaximumpublicreviewandcommentactivitieswithoutdisruptingtheprogressofthestudy.BypublishingmonthlyprogressreportsavailableforreviewatthePublicParticipationOffice,byconductingfrequentworkshopsopentothepublic,andbyallowingamplereviewperiodsforimportantreportspriortopublicmeetings,webelievethatitwillbepossibletomaintaintheagreedscheduleandensuremaximumpublicparticipation.(c)ChangingtoAccommodatethePublicInterestWhereasitisbothpossibleandpropertoplanforreviewperiodsundertheassumptionthattheproposedplanofstudy2-18 willproceedasoriginallyprepared,thereisnowaytopredictwithcertaintytheextenttowhichactionsintroducedthroughthepublicparticipationprogramwillinfluenceschedulesandcosts.Tominimizeproblemswhichmayoccurinthisarea,wehavesoughttoinvolvethepublicimmediatelyuponcommencementofthestudyeffortandtoestablishcontinuouscoordinationproceduresforvariousinterestedagencies,withparticularattentiontothosechargedbystatutewithprotectionofenvironmentalresourcesandthosetobeinvolvedindistributionandsaleofelectricpower.Flexibilityhasbeenbuiltintotheplanofstudytoallowforaccommodatingareasonablenumberofchangestobeintroducedthroughthepublicinvolvementprogram.(d)CommunicationsinAlaskaInrecognitionoftheextensiveareawhichwouldbeservedbytheproposedproject,provisionshavebeenmadeinthepublicparticipationprogramtoallowforbroadinformationcoverageaswellasthewidestpossibleinvolvement.EachregularlyscheduledpublicmeetingisactuallyasetofthreemeetingstobeheldinAnchorage,Fairbanks,andTalkeetna.Atotalofeightworkshops,eachoneofwhichmayinvolveseparatesessionswithutilities,regulatoryagencies,andenvironmentalinterestorganizations,areplanned.Locationsforworkshopswillbechosenwithaviewtowardmaximizingpublicexposure.Indeed,thepublicparticipationplanisfoundedontheprincipleoftakingaggressiveactiontoseekpublicinvolvementratherthanpassivetoleranceofpublicinterests.Nomatterwhenorwheremeetingsarescheduled,though,itisinevitablethatsomeinterestedindividualswillsimplybeunabletoattend.Wewillhavebroadinformationcoverageandourproposedinformationofficewillreceivecommentsandsuggestionsatanytimeduringthecourseofthestudy.Actionsdevelopedasaresultoftheselatterinputswillbetreatedinafashionsimilartothoseintroducedduringorincidenttoformalmeetingsandworkshops.(e)RoleofAPAToensuretotalobjectivityintheconductofthisprogram,itwillbecarriedoutbyemployeesofthePowerAuthority.(ix)ControlandCoordinationAnumberofapproachestothedevelopmentofasuccessfullarge-projectmanagementplanhavebeentriedinthepast.Webelieve,fromthisexperience,thatsponsorsoflargeprojectsarebeginningtorecognizetheimportanceoffirstdevelopingaprogramplanningguideforthemanagementoftheseprojects.Thetendencyinthepasthasbeentoinundateaprojectwitharelativelylargenumberofplannersandmanagers.Thereisnothing2-19willproceedasoriginallyprepared,thereisnowaytopredictwithcertaintytheextenttowhichactionsintroducedthroughthepublicparticipationprogramwillinfluenceschedulesandcosts.Tominimizeproblemswhichmayoccurinthisarea,wehavesoughttoinvolvethepublicimmediatelyuponcommencementofthestudyeffortandtoestablishcontinuouscoordinationproceduresforvariousinterestedagencies,withparticularattentiontothosechargedbystatutewithprotectionofenvironmentalresourcesandthosetobeinvolvedindistributionandsaleofelectricpower.Flexibilityhasbeenbuiltintotheplanofstudytoallowforaccommodatingareasonablenumberofchangestobeintroducedthroughthepublicinvolvementprogram.(d)CommunicationsinAlaskaInrecognitionoftheextensiveareawhichwouldbeservedbytheproposedproject,provisionshavebeenmadeinthepublicparticipationprogramtoallowforbroadinformationcoverageaswellasthewidestpossibleinvolvement.EachregularlyscheduledpublicmeetingisactuallyasetofthreemeetingstobeheldinAnchorage,Fairbanks,andTalkeetna.Atotalofeightworkshops,eachoneofwhichmayinvolveseparatesessionswithutilities,regulatoryagencies,andenvironmentalinterestorganizations,areplanned.Locationsforworkshopswillbechosenwithaviewtowardmaximizingpublicexposure.Indeed,thepublicparticipationplanisfoundedontheprincipleoftakingaggressiveactiontoseekpublicinvolvementratherthanpassivetoleranceofpublicinterests.Nomatterwhenorwheremeetingsarescheduled,though,itisinevitablethatsomeinterestedindividualswillsimplybeunabletoattend.Wewillhavebroadinformationcoverageandourproposedinformationofficewillreceivecommentsandsuggestionsatanytimeduringthecourseofthestudy.Actionsdevelopedasaresultoftheselatterinputswillbetreatedinafashionsimilartothoseintroducedduringorincidenttoformalmeetingsandworkshops.(e)RoleofAPAToensuretotalobjectivityintheconductofthisprogram,itwillbecarriedoutbyemployeesofthePowerAuthority.(ix)ControlandCoordinationAnumberofapproachestothedevelopmentofasuccessfullarge-projectmanagementplanhavebeentriedinthepast.Webelieve,fromthisexperience,thatsponsorsoflargeprojectsarebeginningtorecognizetheimportanceoffirstdevelopingaprogramplanningguideforthemanagementoftheseprojects.Thetendencyinthepasthasbeentoinundateaprojectwitharelativelylargenumberofplannersandmanagers.Thereisnothing2-19 wrongwithlargenumbersofmanagersandplanners,whentheyareneeded,butwebelievethatthelargerandmorecomplexaproject,themoreimportantitbecomestohaveasmallgroupgeneratingtheplan.Ourexperienceonlargeprojectshasrevealedthatarela-tivelysmallnumberofplannersactuallypreparethespecificationsfortheplan.Thatis,duringapreliminaryplanningphase,theyshoulddevelopinconsiderabledetailthespecificelementsthattheprojectmanagerorconstructionmanagementcontractororthemanagementorganizationaretoprepareduringtheplanningperiod.Whetheralargeprojectislocatedinanareathatlackslocalservicesandthereforedependsuponoutsidesupport,orinanareawithanexisting,well-developedservicebase,anextensiveplanningeffortisrequiredtohandlethegreatnumberofparallelandsimilarorganizationconceptsrequiredtoeffectivelymanagetheproject.WearepreparedtoincludesuchaplanningeffortasaproductofthePOS.(a)Planning,ControlandManagementofthePOSClearly,thePOS,withfundsinexcessof$8millionalreadyallocatedandaneventualexpenditureofover$20million,qualifiesasalargeprojectanddictatestheneedforamorethancasualapproachtotheplanningandcontrol.Abusiness-orientedapproachwillberequiredtodeliver,costeffectively,thefinalproductsofthePOS.Effective"front-end"planningandth.eearlyinvolvementoftheprojectmanagementteamisakeydeterminantoftheproject'ssuccess.Cost/schedule/financialcontroldevelopmentandthepreparationofcorporate/administrativepoliciesandproceduresmustparallelandbeapartoffrontendplanninganddesign.Effectiveimplementationofthecontrolsandproceduresandtheparticipation,acceptanceandcommitmenttofollowthroughtoprojectcompletionmustbeincorporatedintotheprogram.Wearecommittedtoprovidetheseservicesthroughtheassignmentofarelativelysmallgroupofwell-qualifiedindividualstothePOSteam.Inparticular,theextensiveAlaskanexperienceinlargeprojectmanagementofferedbyFMAwillbevitalelementsinourplanning,controlandmanagementefforts.TheproposedscheduleforundertakingthisPOSispresentedinPlateA2.1.(b)PlanningtheEventualConstructionProgramCertainlythemulti-billiondollarconstructionphaseoftheSusitnahydropowerprojectqualifiesasa"giant"projectandcomescompletewiththemyriadofproblemsassociatedwith"giant"projects.Inthisrespect,theabilityofthePOSteamtoeffectivelyplanthismonumentalprojectmayprovetobethemostimportantproductofthe thePOS.TheAcres/Moolinteamprovidesauniquecombinationoftalentandconceptstosupportthisplanningeffort.2-20wrongwithlargenumbersofmanagersandplanners,whentheyareneeded,butwebelievethatthelargerandmorecomplexaproject,themoreimportantitbecomestohaveasmallgroupgeneratingtheplan.Ourexperienceonlargeprojectshasrevealedthatarela-tivelysmallnumberofplannersactuallypreparethespecificationsfortheplan.Thatis,duringapreliminaryplanningphase,theyshoulddevelopinconsiderabledetailthespecificelementsthattheprojectmanagerorconstructionmanagementcontractororthemanagementorganizationaretoprepareduringtheplanningperiod.Whetheralargeprojectislocatedinanareathatlackslocalservicesandthereforedependsuponoutsidesupport,orinanareawithanexisting,well-developedservicebase,anextensiveplanningeffortisrequiredtohandlethegreatnumberofparallelandsimilarorganizationconceptsrequiredtoeffectivelymanagetheproject.WearepreparedtoincludesuchaplanningeffortasaproductofthePOS.(a)Planning,ControlandManagementofthePOSClearly,thePOS,withfundsinexcessof$8millionalreadyallocatedandaneventualexpenditureofover$20million,qualifiesasalargeprojectanddictatestheneedforamorethancasualapproachtotheplanningandcontrol.Abusiness-orientedapproachwillberequiredtodeliver,costeffectively,thefinalproductsofthePOS.Effective"front-end"planningandth.eearlyinvolvementoftheprojectmanagementteamisakeydeterminantoftheproject'ssuccess.Cost/schedule/financialcontroldevelopmentandthepreparationofcorporate/administrativepoliciesandproceduresmustparallelandbeapartoffrontendplanninganddesign.Effectiveimplementationofthecontrolsandproceduresandtheparticipation,acceptanceandcommitmenttofollowthroughtoprojectcompletionmustbeincorporatedintotheprogram.Wearecommittedtoprovidetheseservicesthroughtheassignmentofarelativelysmallgroupofwell-qualifiedindividualstothePOSteam.Inparticular,theextensiveAlaskanexperienceinlargeprojectmanagementofferedbyFMAwillbevitalelementsinourplanning,controlandmanagementefforts.TheproposedscheduleforundertakingthisPOSispresentedinPlateA2.1.(b)PlanningtheEventualConstructionProgramCertainlythemulti-billiondollarconstructionphaseoftheSusitnahydropowerprojectqualifiesasa"giant"projectandcomescompletewiththemyriadofproblemsassociatedwith"giant"projects.Inthisrespect,theabilityofthePOSteamtoeffectivelyplanthismonumentalprojectmayprovetobethemostimportantproductofthe thePOS.TheAcres/Moolinteamprovidesauniquecombinationoftalentandconceptstosupportthisplanningeffort.2-20 A.2.3-ProposedProgramTheeffectiveresolutionoftheproblemstobedealtwithinmeetingtheoverallstudyobjectivesrequiresthedevelopment'ofacarefullyintegratedprogramofstudy,designandexploration.Thestudywillbeundertakeninaseriesofinterrelatedandinterdependenttasksasfollows:Task1Task2Task3Task4Task5Task6Task7Task8Task9Task10Task11Task12Task13-PowerStudies-SurveysandSiteFacilities-Hydrology-SeismicStudies-GeotechnicalExploration-DesignDevelopment-EnvironmentalStudies-Transmission-CostEstimatesandSchedules-Licensing-MarketingandFinance-PublicParticipation-AdministrationEachofthesetaskshasbeenbrokendownintoamanageablenumberofsubtasks(SeeSectionA5).Thelevelofeffortandtimingallowsforprogressivedeterminationofprojectfeasibilitywithminimumexpenditureoffunds.2-21A.2.3-ProposedProgramTheeffectiveresolutionoftheproblemstobedealtwithinmeetingtheoverallstudyobjectivesrequiresthedevelopment'ofacarefullyintegratedprogramofstudy,designandexploration.Thestudywillbeundertakeninaseriesofinterrelatedandinterdependenttasksasfollows:Task1Task2Task3Task4Task5Task6Task7Task8Task9Task10Task11Task12Task13-PowerStudies-SurveysandSiteFacilities-Hydrology-SeismicStudies-GeotechnicalExploration-DesignDevelopment-EnvironmentalStudies-Transmission-CostEstimatesandSchedules-Licensing-MarketingandFinance-PublicParticipation-AdministrationEachofthesetaskshasbeenbrokendownintoamanageablenumberofsubtasks(SeeSectionA5).Thelevelofeffortandtimingallowsforprogressivedeterminationofprojectfeasibilitywithminimumexpenditureoffunds.2-21 A.2.4-PotentialDifficultiesandAnticipatedMethodsofHandlingSeveraloftheproductsthataredevelopedasapartofTask13--ProgramAdministrationaregoingtobethebasicdocumentsthatwillimplementthepas.Tostresshowimportanttheyarewouldbetobelabortheobvious;theseproductsestab1ishthebasiccoursefortheprojectandwi11beusedtoenunciatestrategyandpolicydecisionsthroughoutthepas.Thekeytotheeffectivenessoftheseprogramsistheearlyimplementationandacceptancebyallmembersoftheprojectteam.Itisextremelyimportantthattheinterfaceandresponsibilitiesofeachofthesubcontractorsbespelledoutinexcruciatingdetail.Thisisbestdonebylistingthenumerousfunctionsthathavetobeperformedandthenmakingsurethateachofthesefunctionsisassignedtoaspecificteam.Thissoundssimple,butitrequiresaconsiderableeffortandanin-depthunderstandingofthescopeofworktotabulatealltherequiredfunctions.Workingwithgovernmentagenciesrequiressomespecialprecautions.Thereisatendency,whensubmittingplansofoperations,toproposeexaggeratedplansorsolutionstomakethemsoundasgoodaspossible.Theseplansmustbescrutinized,beforesubmission,forreasonablenessandcosteffective-ness,toensurethatconditionsthatcannotlaterbetoleratedarenotproposed.Itisequallyimportantthatthegovernmentagenciesalsoparticipateinthepreparationandreviewofsuchplanssothatconstraintsmaybeidentifiedandplannedfor.Thesubjectofconstraintsisofparticularimportancetotheplanningandestimatingphasesoftheproject.Constraints,ifadequatelyunderstoodintheearlystages,canbetolerated.Constraints,iftheycomeupafterthestartofconstruction,resultinbreaksincadence,workstoppages,poorutilizationofequipmentandmanpoweranddirectimpactstocostandschedule.Constraintscanappearintheformofgovernmentmandates,environmental/climaticconditions,anddesignchangesnecessitatedbythediscoveryofnewdataasconstructionproceeds.Regardlessoftheircause,everyeffortmustbemadeduringtheplanningstagestoidentifyconstraintsbyworkingdirectlywithgovernmentandotheragenciesandconvincingtheseagenciestoparticipatein,acceptandcommitthemselvestothiseffort.Inaddition,thecostandbenefitsofconstraintsmustbedeveloped,astheconstraintsarebeingidentified,toallowAPAandgovernmentofficialstofullyassesstheimpactsinvolved.Theremustalsobeacloserelationshipbetweentheplanningandtheobtain-ingofpermitsfromgovernmentagencies.IncludedintheProjectPlanningGuideshouldbeascheduleofsubmissionsthatidentifywhatpermitsarerequiredatwhatpointintimeandwheneachsubmissionwillbemade.Thiswillgoalongwaytowardseasingtheacquisitionofthemyriadofpermitsrequired.Theforegoingremarksarenecessarilygeneralinnature.SectionsA5,A6andASofthepasdescribeinsomedetailthepotentialdifficultiesforeseenatthistimeinspecificareasofthestudyandtheproposedmethodsofovercomingthem.2-22A.2.4-PotentialDifficultiesandAnticipatedMethodsofHandlingSeveraloftheproductsthataredevelopedasapartofTask13--ProgramAdministrationaregoingtobethebasicdocumentsthatwillimplementthepas.Tostresshowimportanttheyarewouldbetobelabortheobvious;theseproductsestab1ishthebasiccoursefortheprojectandwi11beusedtoenunciatestrategyandpolicydecisionsthroughoutthepas.Thekeytotheeffectivenessoftheseprogramsistheearlyimplementationandacceptancebyallmembersoftheprojectteam.Itisextremelyimportantthattheinterfaceandresponsibilitiesofeachofthesubcontractorsbespelledoutinexcruciatingdetail.Thisisbestdonebylistingthenumerousfunctionsthathavetobeperformedandthenmakingsurethateachofthesefunctionsisassignedtoaspecificteam.Thissoundssimple,butitrequiresaconsiderableeffortandanin-depthunderstandingofthescopeofworktotabulatealltherequiredfunctions.Workingwithgovernmentagenciesrequiressomespecialprecautions.Thereisatendency,whensubmittingplansofoperations,toproposeexaggeratedplansorsolutionstomakethemsoundasgoodaspossible.Theseplansmustbescrutinized,beforesubmission,forreasonablenessandcosteffective-ness,toensurethatconditionsthatcannotlaterbetoleratedarenotproposed.Itisequallyimportantthatthegovernmentagenciesalsoparticipateinthepreparationandreviewofsuchplanssothatconstraintsmaybeidentifiedandplannedfor.Thesubjectofconstraintsisofparticularimportancetotheplanningandestimatingphasesoftheproject.Constraints,ifadequatelyunderstoodintheearlystages,canbetolerated.Constraints,iftheycomeupafterthestartofconstruction,resultinbreaksincadence,workstoppages,poorutilizationofequipmentandmanpoweranddirectimpactstocostandschedule.Constraintscanappearintheformofgovernmentmandates,environmental/climaticconditions,anddesignchangesnecessitatedbythediscoveryofnewdataasconstructionproceeds.Regardlessoftheircause,everyeffortmustbemadeduringtheplanningstagestoidentifyconstraintsbyworkingdirectlywithgovernmentandotheragenciesandconvincingtheseagenciestoparticipatein,acceptandcommitthemselvestothiseffort.Inaddition,thecostandbenefitsofconstraintsmustbedeveloped,astheconstraintsarebeingidentified,toallowAPAandgovernmentofficialstofullyassesstheimpactsinvolved.Theremustalsobeacloserelationshipbetweentheplanningandtheobtain-ingofpermitsfromgovernmentagencies.IncludedintheProjectPlanningGuideshouldbeascheduleofsubmissionsthatidentifywhatpermitsarerequiredatwhatpointintimeandwheneachsubmissionwillbemade.Thiswillgoalongwaytowardseasingtheacquisitionofthemyriadofpermitsrequired.Theforegoingremarksarenecessarilygeneralinnature.SectionsA5,A6andASofthepasdescribeinsomedetailthepotentialdifficultiesforeseenatthistimeinspecificareasofthestudyandtheproposedmethodsofovercomingthem.2-22 JFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJFIMA MJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDTASKDEseRIPTION1980198119821983198419851-13MILESTONESCOMMENCESTUDYLOADFORECASTISUSITNABASINGO/NO-GOALTERNATIVESDEVELOPMENTSELECTIONDAMSELECTIONFEASIBILITYaLICENSESUBMISSIONLICENSE(I)IIBONDSIPOWERSTUDIESCOSTESTIMATESaSCHEDULESDATAREVIEW2345678910II1213SURVEYSaSITEFACIL1TIESHYDROLOGYSEISMICSTUDIESGEOTECHNICALEXPLORATIONDESIGNDEVELOPMENTENVIRONMENTALSTUDIESTRANSMISSIONLICENSINGMARKETINGaFiNANCINGPUBLICPARTICIPATION(4)ADMINISTRATIONCAMPSSURvkYSSELECTACCESSROUTE,ROADPERMITS,ROADCONSTRUCTIONCONTINUEDCAMPOPERATION~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~_·_-~--~·~'-~·--~1-rT"'-~T1--·I........CONTINUOUSCAMPOPERATIONI I I II ,,IDATAREVIEWISTAcLAIONISDATtC9LLEPTION,PROCESSINGaANAYSlpCONTINUEDMEASUREMENT/PROCESSING/ANALYSIS~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~---·"-rt'-I-r1-rT'-I'·~--··IJJCONTINUOUSPROCESSINGaSTUDIESI,IMONITORINGREFINEDDATAREVIEWPRELIMINARYEVALUATIONSYSTEM,EVALUATIONCONSULTING.tCONTINUEDMEASUREMENT/PROCESSING~~-A~~~-PR~OIGR~AIM~~I~~WIN-IT~R~I~~s~UM~MER~~~~~Jr~._-·~·-~··--rTl-rT~-~~--~·~"-_·REVIEW~LAN",REPORT.PR?GRAM.PLAN,PROGRAMR~PakTpJAN•CONTINUEDEXPLORATION(3),...._,,--·,-rt-,-rT---"","-_..DEVEL01pMENT~ELLTI~NDAlSELECTION•~EASIBILITYPROJECTDESIGNS/SPECIFICATIONSI-Io.....-+-"'!-""""'"""""""-;-+-""""'"-I--;-~~-I-""'I-~~~...- --t1-r.,.-I-~"-1-"'·- -~.......IJI.1I IIIMPACTEXH1IBITI EEXHIBITEEXHIBITEPl:ANNINGtPERFORMFIELDSTUDIESANALYSISSUPPLEMENT'"SUPPLEMENT,~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~*+~~~~~--","""-I-r,~t'''_~~~_''~''''''IIIPRELMI~ARY,CORRIDORSELECTIONROUTESELECTIONDESIGN,DESIGNS/SPECIFICATIONS""'I-"I""'""I'''''''''"'''''''I-'I'''''''''+.....,.....,...+-+-+-.....~-+-.....~.....,.....,.....+-r....,.+'.",.-~•--..·"'1-I-T1-rt'..-~.--~._...SdHEDULEaIDATAESTIMATESUPDATESASREQUIRED~---I-+~+--!~-I-+'"I"BO''!-'!'-!-~.....-~.-1-t,-1-ri-...-"---.",-mE....PREllMINARYIJI,IJI IDATA*....~+CONTINUEDDATAAQUISITION,EXHIBITSRESPONSESTOFERC1-o1-,"""",~--f'..-1m.- -'!"'.- -r""SUS"ITr-NA'."'........- -~--I-I-I-I"-I--f_..••-"'"·•.,-I-Ti -rt--~.I..-~.,"mE-TAXEXIEMP~IONIaALTERNATIVESDRAFTBONDINP0T~OIIMARKETISSUESRISKANALYSISRISKANALYSISDOCUMENTATIONLICENSEBONDOFFERINGSUPPORTB6AR~:N7L'"- -"'"·iII.--tt.,-ri1-~._.....-"""."..P~Jsywaylayf~-ttTETINGyWSIsywayPMyREVIEWCONTINUEDPROGRAM~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~-~._.......~-rl-I-~·--"""-~·-DEVELOP.IJ.II IPRO,CEDURE<~I-+-APPLYPROCEDURES+--+.....-+.-CONTINUEDASREQUIRED1-I""""'""-I--+-oI-I....,..-I--+-,....,-+--I-~!""""I'IIIIIIIIIIj"'-I-+-M.....,...-I-+-!"-+-+--I-.,.....,-~.........T"-rT..-,,"._......_...-ill..-LEGEND:'"REPRESENTSSUBTASKCOMPLETIONNOTES:(I)TENTATIVEBASEDONCOMPLETIONOFENVIRONMENTALSTUDIESANDPLANSFORINVESTIGATION(2)ACCESSTRACKCONSTRUCTIONISASSUMEDTOCOMMENCEIN1982FORPURPOSESOF"FAST-TRACK"PROJECTCOMPLETIONONLY.COSTSAREINCLUDEDINACTIVITIESUNDERTAKENAFTERSUBMISSIONOFLICENSEAPPLICATION.(3)GEOTECHNICALEXPLORATIONISASSUMEDTOCONTINUETHROUGH1988FORPURPOSESOF"FAST-TRACK"COMPLETION.COSTSAREINCLUDEDINACTIVITIESUNDERTAKENAFTERSU8MISSIONOFLICENSEAPPLICATION.(4)PM=PUBLICMEETING;WS=WORKSHOPSUSITNAHYDROELECTRICPROJECTPLANOFSTUDYPLATEA2.1'SUMMARYSCHEDULE*REVISED2-23/2-24JFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJFIMA MJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDTASKDEseRIPTION1980198119821983198419851-13MILESTONESCOMMENCESTUDYLOADFORECASTISUSITNABASINGO/NO-GOALTERNATIVESDEVELOPMENTSELECTIONDAMSELECTIONFEASIBILITYaLICENSESUBMISSIONLICENSE(I)IIBONDSIPOWERSTUDIESCOSTESTIMATESaSCHEDULESDATAREVIEW2345678910II1213SURVEYSaSITEFACIL1TIESHYDROLOGYSEISMICSTUDIESGEOTECHNICALEXPLORATIONDESIGNDEVELOPMENTENVIRONMENTALSTUDIESTRANSMISSIONLICENSINGMARKETINGaFiNANCINGPUBLICPARTICIPATION(4)ADMINISTRATIONCAMPSSURvkYSSELECTACCESSROUTE,ROADPERMITS,ROADCONSTRUCTIONCONTINUEDCAMPOPERATION~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~_·_-~--~·~'-~·--~1-rT"'-~T1--·I........CONTINUOUSCAMPOPERATIONI I I II ,,IDATAREVIEWISTAcLAIONISDATtC9LLEPTION,PROCESSINGaANAYSlpCONTINUEDMEASUREMENT/PROCESSING/ANALYSIS~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~---·"-rt'-I-r1-rT'-I'·~--··IJJCONTINUOUSPROCESSINGaSTUDIESI,IMONITORINGREFINEDDATAREVIEWPRELIMINARYEVALUATIONSYSTEM,EVALUATIONCONSULTING.tCONTINUEDMEASUREMENT/PROCESSING~~-A~~~-PR~OIGR~AIM~~I~~WIN-IT~R~I~~s~UM~MER~~~~~Jr~._-·~·-~··--rTl-rT~-~~--~·~"-_·REVIEW~LAN",REPORT.PR?GRAM.PLAN,PROGRAMR~PakTpJAN•CONTINUEDEXPLORATION(3),...._,,--·,-rt-,-rT---"","-_..DEVEL01pMENT~ELLTI~NDAlSELECTION•~EASIBILITYPROJECTDESIGNS/SPECIFICATIONSI-Io.....-+-"'!-""""'"""""""-;-+-""""'"-I--;-~~-I-""'I-~~~...---t1-r.,.-I-~"-1-"'·--~.......IJI.1I IIIMPACTEXH1IBITI EEXHIBITEEXHIBITEPl:ANNINGtPERFORMFIELDSTUDIESANALYSISSUPPLEMENT'"SUPPLEMENT,~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~*+~~~~~--","""-I-r,~t'''_~~~_''~''''''IIIPRELMI~ARY,CORRIDORSELECTIONROUTESELECTIONDESIGN,DESIGNS/SPECIFICATIONS""'I-"I""'""I'''''''''"'''''''I-'I'''''''''+.....,.....,...+-+-+-.....~-+-.....~.....,.....,.....+-r....,.+'.",.-~•--..·"'1-I-T1-rt'..-~.--~._...SdHEDULEaIDATAESTIMATESUPDATESASREQUIRED~---I-+~+--!~-I-+'"I"BO''!-'!'-!-~.....-~.-1-t,-1-ri-...-"---.",-mE....PREllMINARYIJI,IJI IDATA*....~+CONTINUEDDATAAQUISITION,EXHIBITSRESPONSESTOFERC1-o1-,"""",~--f'..-1m.--'!"'.--r""SUS"ITr-NA'."'........--~--I-I-I-I"-I--f_..••-"'"·•.,-I-Ti-rt--~.I..-~.,"mE-TAXEXIEMP~IONIaALTERNATIVESDRAFTBONDINP0T~OIIMARKETISSUESRISKANALYSISRISKANALYSISDOCUMENTATIONLICENSEBONDOFFERINGSUPPORTB6AR~:N7L'"--"'"·iII.--tt.,-ri1-~._.....-"""."..P~Jsywaylayf~-ttTETINGyWSIsywayPMyREVIEWCONTINUEDPROGRAM~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~-~._.......~-rl-I-~·--"""-~·-DEVELOP.IJ.II IPRO,CEDURE<~I-+-APPLYPROCEDURES+--+.....-+.-CONTINUEDASREQUIRED1-I""""'""-I--+-oI-I....,..-I--+-,....,-+--I-~!""""I'IIIIIIIIIIj"'-I-+-M.....,...-I-+-!"-+-+--I-.,.....,-~.........T"-rT..-,,"._......_...-ill..-LEGEND:'"REPRESENTSSUBTASKCOMPLETIONNOTES:(I)TENTATIVEBASEDONCOMPLETIONOFENVIRONMENTALSTUDIESANDPLANSFORINVESTIGATION(2)ACCESSTRACKCONSTRUCTIONISASSUMEDTOCOMMENCEIN1982FORPURPOSESOF"FAST-TRACK"PROJECTCOMPLETIONONLY.COSTSAREINCLUDEDINACTIVITIESUNDERTAKENAFTERSUBMISSIONOFLICENSEAPPLICATION.(3)GEOTECHNICALEXPLORATIONISASSUMEDTOCONTINUETHROUGH1988FORPURPOSESOF"FAST-TRACK"COMPLETION.COSTSAREINCLUDEDINACTIVITIESUNDERTAKENAFTERSU8MISSIONOFLICENSEAPPLICATION.(4)PM=PUBLICMEETING;WS=WORKSHOPSUSITNAHYDROELECTRICPROJECTPLANOFSTUDYPLATEA2.1'SUMMARYSCHEDULE*REVISED2-23/2-24 SECTIONA3-BUDGETSUMMARYSECTIONA3-BUDGETSUMMARY SECTIONA3-BUDGETSUMMARYSummariesofestimatedstudycostsandman-hoursforperiodsthroughsubmissionoftheFERClicenseapplication(June30,1982)andsubsequentlythroughreceiptoflicense(tentativelyestimatedasJanuary1985)arepresentedinTablesA.3.1throughA.3.16.ThesesummariesarepresentedbyTaskand,inTableA.3.15,quarter.Allcostsarein1979dollars,effectivethroughthefirstquarterof1980,withescalationbeyondthatdateassumedatarateof8.5percentperannum.Twoalternativesarepossibleafteralicenseapplicationhasbeensubmitted.Oneapproachwouldacceleratethe"online"dateforapotentialprojectbyadvancingdetaileddesignandassociatedactivitiessufficienttopermitstartingconstructionvirtuallyimmediatelyafteralicenseisreceived.Thesecondapproachfocusesonlyonthoseactivitiesessentialtoawardoflicense,deferringcommencementofconstructionuntilsometimethereafter.SectionA6describesbothalternatives.TableA.3.16providescostinformationforthesecond,moreconservative,alternative.3-1SECTIONA3-BUDGETSUMMARYSummariesofestimatedstudycostsandman-hoursforperiodsthroughsubmissionoftheFERClicenseapplication(June30,1982)andsubsequentlythroughreceiptoflicense(tentativelyestimatedasJanuary1985)arepresentedinTablesA.3.1throughA.3.16.ThesesummariesarepresentedbyTaskand,inTableA.3.15,quarter.Allcostsarein1979dollars,effectivethroughthefirstquarterof1980,withescalationbeyondthatdateassumedatarateof8.5percentperannum.Twoalternativesarepossibleafteralicenseapplicationhasbeensubmitted.Oneapproachwouldacceleratethe"online"dateforapotentialprojectbyadvancingdetaileddesignandassociatedactivitiessufficienttopermitstartingconstructionvirtuallyimmediatelyafteralicenseisreceived.Thesecondapproachfocusesonlyonthoseactivitiesessentialtoawardoflicense,deferringcommencementofconstructionuntilsometimethereafter.SectionA6describesbothalternatives.TableA.3.16providescostinformationforthesecond,moreconservative,alternative.3-1 SUSITHA HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT ~ALASKA POWER AUTHORITY Addendulll to pas OeceMber 18,1979- TABLE A 3.1 COST ESTIMATE ~TASK 1,POWER STUDIES Totals Consu ltant Subtask -~--..l.!..Q..L 1.03 1.0.~1.06 Manhours f..e.ili ~Manhours "70 ,.,74.,.28.1,750 Manhour Cost •1,700 S 2,500 S 19,000 S 26,000 S 2,500 $10,000 $61,700 01 sburselllents.1.300 ~3.000 ••000 19J!.2.000 12,300 Subtota 1 S 3,000 S 4,000 5 22,000 5 30,000 5 3,000 5 12,000 S 74 ,ODD J!:££.Man hours ".".70.1,200 2,790 Manhour Costs 5 22,200 S 26.700 .9,300 S 77,000 •5177,200 01 sbursolllonts 10.000 15.000 15.000 13.000 53.000 Subtotal $32,200 5 43,700 $6.,300 $90.000 5230.200 '", N 1,750.ill..Manhours 32.1,430 Manhour Cost $8.900 5 40,.00 $.9.300 Disbursements .!.L1.Q.Q..,600 ..2..t1..Q..Q.. Subtotal 510,000 $45,000 S 55,000 TOTAL MAN HOURS 4 ••".1,650 74.2,700 28.6,290 TOTAl COSTS 535,200 $.7,700 $96,300 $30,000 $136,000 512,000 $359,200 ·Includlng Alaska Office Expense SUSITHA HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT ~ALASKA POWER AUTHORITY Addendulll to pas OeceMber 18,1979- TABLE A 3.1 COST EST IHATE ~TASK I,POWER STUDIES Totals Consu ltant Subtask -~--..l.!..Q..L 1.03 1.0.~1.06 Manhours Costs ~Manhours "70 ,.,74.,.28.1,750 Manhour Cost 1,700 2,500 19,000 26,000 2,500 10,000 61,700 01 sburselllents·1,300 ~3,000 .,000 19J!.2,000 12.300 Subtota I 3,000 4,000 22,000 30,000 3,000 12,000 74 ,ODD J!:££.Man hours ".".70.1,200 2,790 Manhour Costs 22,200 •26,700 .9,300 •77,000 SI77,200 01 sbursolllonts 10,000 15.000 15,000 13,000 53.000 Subtotal •32,200 •43,700 •6.,300 •90,000 S230,200 '", N .ill..Manhours 32.1,430 1,750 Manhour Cost 8,900 40,.00 .9,300 Disbursements .!.L1.Q.Q..,600 ..2..t1..Q..Q.. Subtotal S10,OOO S45,OOO 55,000 TOTAL MAN HOURS 4 ••".1,650 74.2,700 28.6,290 TOTAl COSTS 05,200 $.7,700 $96,300 $30,000 $136,000 SI2,OOO $359,200 ·Includlng Alaska Office Expense SUSI'TlM HYtROElEClRIC PROJ£CT -ALASr.A Pl:JlIl£R AlJnC:RITY 1dd0n4_1(1 POS Dcc~18,1979 TA8l.EA 3.2 COST ESTItt\T£-TASl(2.SlRV£Y AND SITE FN:;llITIES Totals Consultant Subtask -~2.02 2.03 ~~~ ~--2:!!L ~~.2dL.~2.ill.-..1..:.1!....1.ill...~~Co<,. ~"""nhours ,.,'""'"".'"""860 " " 1"200 ""260 3.11~ M.lnhour 1;'.0$1'510,000 51,000 .500 51,000 52,600 522,000 S1~,000 30,000 $BOO .500 14,000 51,000 51 ,200 59,000 5110.600 Dlsbursl!OlIef'fts·-----------~3.000 ~.OOO ~,OOO ~--=.2!l!!.1,000 1.000 16.900 Subtotal 510,000 51,000 '500 51.000 53.000 52~,OOO 520.000 U5,COO 51,000 .500 I4,BOO 57,500 58.200 510,000 5127.500 ~Manhours '"1,'430 7.500 ••300 4,570 '00 '00 "4,290 25,275 M/:lnhour Cost 5:53.000 550,000 5262,000 5220,000 5160,000 $3,600 $4,000 $1,500 $ISO,ooo $884,100 Disbursements ---10.000 238.000 90.000 40.000 ~1.000 ~30.000 409.800 Subtotal 533,000 $60.000 $500..000 5310,000 5200..000 14,000 $5,000 $1,900 5180.000 51,293,900 ~Io!Ilnhours 53,500 31"",3<0 no 54,695 M3nhour Cost-1.870,200 513.000 59,000 $12,000 $8,000 1,912,200 Dlsburs_en1's 2.000 '.000 2.000 l.eoo ••eoo ""-Camp Facilities 1,901.900,-Fuel 400,000""-Food 200,000 2,501,900 ------------ Subtotal 54,372,100 $15,000 510.000 $14,000 59.800 54.421),900 OIRECT COSTS Local Lod.go 5382.500 AO, Transportaflon $510.000 $1.123,800 Subtotal 5892 ..500 SI,123,800 52,016,300 TOTAL MAMiOURS 53,500 1,230 400 210 310 1,505 8.130 6,730 5,430 '"'"365 200 209 4,545 83,145 TOTAL COSTS 55,264,600 51,166.800 516.000 510,500 515,000 563.000 $525,000 $330,000 5235,000 55,000 55.sop $16,500 51.500 $8,200 5190.000 51,858,600 ·Ineludlng Alaska Offlee Ellpensos SUSI'TlM HYtROElEClRIC PROJ£CT -ALASr.A Pl:JlIl£R AlJnC:RITY 1dd0n4_1(1 POS Dcc~18,1979 TABlE A 3.2 COST ESTItt\T£-TASl(2.SlRV£Y AND SITE FN;:llITiES Totals Consultant Subtask -~2.02 2.03 ~~~~~~~.2dL.~2.ill.-..1..:.1!....1.ill...~~Co<,. ~"""nhours ,.,'""'"".'"""860 ""1"200 ""260 3.11~ M.lnhour 1;'.0$1'510,000 51,000 .500 51,000 52,600 522,000 S1~,000 30,000 $BOO .500 14,000 51,000 51 ,200 59,000 5110.600 Dlsbursl!OlIef'fts·~3.000 ~.OOO ~,OOO ~-=.2!l!!.1,000 1.000 16.900 Subtotal 510,000 51,000 '500 51.000 53.000 52~,OOO 520.000 U5,COO 51,000 .500 I4,BOO 57,500 58.200 510,000 5127.500 .!!!!!Manhours '"1,'430 7.500 ••300 4,570 '00 '00 "4,290 25,275 M/:lnhour Cost 5:53.000 550,000 5262,000 5220,000 5160,000 $3,600 $4,000 $1,500 $ISO,ooo $884,100 Disbursements 10.000 238.000 90.000 40.000 ~1.000 ~30.000 409.800 Subtotal 533,000 $60.000 $500..000 5310,000 5200..000 14,000 $5,000 $1,900 5180.000 51,293,900 ~Io!Ilnhours 53,500 31"",3<0 no 54,695 M3nhour Cost-1.870,200 513.000 59,000 $12,000 $8,000 1,912,200 Dlsburs_en1's 2.000 '.000 2.000 l.eoo ••eoo ""-Camp Facilities 1,901.900,-Fuel 400,000""-Food 200,000 2,501,900 Subtotal 54,372,100 $15,000 510.000 $14,000 59.800 54.421),900 OIRECT COSTS Local Lod.go 5382.500 AO, Transportaflon $510.000 $1.123,800 Subtotal 5892..500 SI,123,800 52,016,300 TOTAL MAMiOURS 53,500 1,230 400 210 310 1,505 8.130 6,730 5,430 '"'"365 200 209 4,545 83,145 TOTAL COSTS 55,264,600 51,166.800 516.000 510,500 515,000 563.000 $525,000 $330,000 5235,000 55,000 55.sop $16,500 51.500 $8,200 5190.000 51,858,600 ·Ineludlng Alaska Offlee Ellpensos SUSITNA HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT -ALASKA POWER AUTHORITY M ......d_'to POS DoIc ••b...18.1919 TABLE l'l.3.3 COST EST IMATE _TASK 3.HYDROLOGY Totflls Consultflnt Subtos k --h!U-...h!!L-3.03 3.04 ~3.06 ....h!L--h!!....-....l=!!!-~"fI""~l"~·,-~ ACRES loC/l;nhours 60 no 3.210 140 1.800 "350 180 6,775 N/l;nhour Costs $2,100 $15.000 $81.200 $19,600 U8,I00 $2,000 $9,300 58,000 )191.900 01 sbu ..se.ents· - T..avel 1,200 1.700 1,000 1,500 1,700 1.000 8,100 -Consultants 7.500 5.000 12,500 COMputer Services 7,200 2.500 5,500 1,500 16.700 CODDun I cat Ions·300 1,000 '00 1.000 1.000 1,000 5,100 -Reproduction ~----2.Q..Q.-lQ..Q.~---~~~ Subtotal $4,400 515,000 $97,300 Sll,600 $61,300 $2,000 514,000 $10,500 $236,100 1!!!!Man hours n,3,440 13,930 480 850 1,050 830 320 1.710 22,745 Manllour Costs S5,600 S69,700 S468,900 516,800 S29,600 $37,100 S30,200 $11,800 S60 •.000 $129,700 '"•Oisburselllents, "'"-Cons ul tants 5,000 5,000 COMpute ..Se ..vlces 2,000 16,000 2,500 5,000 5,000 5,000 2,000 37.500 -COMMunlc/l;tlons '00 '00 1,700 1,500 1,000 1,000 '00 300 6,800 -Reproduction 200 3,000 1.000 '00 '00 500 '00 200 6,400 Laboratory 125.000 1,000 126,000 Equipment ------208.000 ------- ---------45.000 '253.000 Subtotal $6,100 $75,200 S825,600 S21,300 536,100 $43.600 $36,200 SI4,300 SI0~,OOO S 1,16-4,-400 Ol ..oct Fixed Wing Alrc ..afT $44,000 •S -4,000 S -48,000 COSTS"~He I I coptor 350.000 7,500 20,000 377.500 Subtotal $394,000 $1,500 S24,OOO U25,500 TOTAL MAHHOURS TOTAL COSTS •Including Alaska Off Ice Expenses '" S10,500 3,-440 S75,200 14,260 SI,234,600 3,750 $118,600 1,590 S67,700 2.850 SI04,900 '75 $45,700 350 SI-4,OOO 320 $14,300 1,890 SI-40,500 29,520 $1,826,000 SUSITNA HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT ALASKA POWER AUTHORITY M ......d_'to POS DoIc ••b.1"'18.1919 TABLE l'l.3.3 COST EST IMATE TASK '.HYDROLOGY Tot.,s Consult.nt Subtos k --h!U-...h!!L-3.03 3.04 ~}.06 ....h!L--h!!....-....l=!!!-~".""~l"~.,-Cosh, ACRES loC/l;nhours 60 no 3.210 740 1.800 ">50 180 6,775 N/l;nhour Costs $2,700 $15.000 $87.200 119,600 148,100 12,000 19,300 18.000 )19 '.900 Disbul"'so.ents--Tl"'avel 1.200 1.700 1,000 1.500 '.700 1.000 8.100 -Consultants 7.500 5.000 12,500 COMputer Services 7,200 2.500 5,500 1,500 16.700 CODDun I cat Ions·'00 1.000 .00 1.000 1.000 1.000 5,100 -Reproduction ~-1.Q.Q.-ill ~~~~ Subtotal $4.400 515.000 597,300 131.600 $61.300 52,000 514,000 510,500 $236,100 1!!!!Man hours 1>5 3,440 13.930 480 8>0 1.050 8>0 >20 1.710 :l2.745 MlInhour Costs 55.600 169,700 1468.900 516.800 529,600 $37,100 130.700 $11,800 S60 •.000 $129.700 '"•Disbursolllents, "'"Cons ul tants 5,000 5.000 Co ..put.1"'SOl"'vlcos 2,000 16.000 2.500 5,000 5.000 5.000 2.000 37.500 -Co ....unlcatlons '00 '00 1.700 1.500 1.000 1,000 '00 '00 6,800-Roproduct I on 200 3,000 1.000 '00 '00 500 '00 200 6,400 Laboratory 125,000 1.000 126.000 Equlpmont 208.000 45.000 '253.000 Subtot/l;1 $6,100 175,200 1825.600 121,300 136.100 $43.600 136.200 114,300 110~.000 11,164,400 Oll"'ect FI xed Wing Alrcl"'af't I 44.000 ••4,000 •48,000 ~He I I coptor 350.000 7,500 20,000 377.500 Subtotal 1394,000 $1,500 $24,000 $425,500 TOTAL MAHHOURS TOTAL COSTS -Including Aillska Off Ice Expenses '" 110.500 175,200 14,260 $1,234,600 3,750 $118.600 1,590 167,700 1104,900 '75 145.700 >50 114,000 '20 1,890 1140,500 29,520 $1,826,000 SUSITH~HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT -ALASKA POWER AUTHORITY Adll.Ad ....'to POS Ooce.ber le,1979 TABLE A 3.4 COST ESTIMATE -TASK 4.SEISMIC STUOIES To't"15 Con~SUb'tllSk -~~~-!.:..Q.L ~ ~ ~~~--!.:..!.L _'_0_'_'-~--!:.!.L ~~MlInhours Cos'ts ~MlInhours "110 ""80 220 60 lTO " " ,,,280 "-..0 1,620 MlInhour Cos't •900 $3.600 •900 •900 $2.700 $ 7 .200 $1,800 $3.600 •900 •900 $4,500 $9.000 •900 514.000 $51.800 01 sbur5e..en'ts·.!.Q.Q.~.!.Q.Q.~--lQ.Q.--!.Q.2..---.19.Q.-!9..Q..!.Q.Q..!.Q..Q.----1.Q..Q...L..Q..Q.Q..!.Q.Q.....!LQ.Q..Q...2..r1.Q.2. Sub'to'tlll $ I .000 $4,000 $1.000 $1.000 53.000 58.000 52.000 $4.000 $1.000 $1.000 $5,000 $10,000 $1.000 516.000 $58.000 ,CC Manhours 1.240 2.520 ..0 880 2,880 3.720 680 920 1,240 '"3,240 3,920 '"160 120 22.440 MllInhour Cos't $53.000 $158,000 $17.000 $37,000 $115,000 $128,000 $26,000 536,000 $51,000 $9,000 $127.000 $135,000 5 9,000 56.000 $4,500 •911.500 01sbursements --iz..Q..Q..Q.95,000 ---15.000 ~~2.t.Q.Q..Q......hQ.Q.Q.10,000 ---....!.Q..&Q..Q.~2.000 1,000 -.1B..Q.169.500 SUb'tO'tlil $57.000 $253,000 $17,000 $52,000 $120.000 $138.000 531,000 $40.000 $61,000 $9,000 5137.000 5143.000 $11,000 57.000 55,000 51.081.000 "", '" TOTAL MAHHOURS 1,270 2,630 "0 910 2.960 3.940 7<0 1.030 1,270 270 3.380 4,200 270 160 560 24.060 TOTAL COSTS SS8.000 $257.000 $18,000 $53.000 $123,000 $146,000 $}3.000 544,000 562.000 510.000 $142.000 $153,000 ·$12,000 57.000 $21,000 $1,139,000 .Including AlllSkli Office Expenses SUSITH~HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT -ALASKA POVER AUTHORITY Adll.Ad ....'to POS Ooce.ber ".1979 TABLE A 3.4 COST ESTIMATE -TASK ,,SEISMIC STUOIES To'tals Consul'tan't SUb'tllSk -~~~-!.:..Q.L ~~~~~--!.:..!.L -'-'-'-'-~--!:.!.L ~~Manhours Cos'ts ~Manhours "110 ""80 220 60 lTO ""140 280 "440 1,620 loIanhour Cos't 900 S3.600 900 900 S2.700 S 7 .200 S 1,800 S3.600 900 900 S<C,500 9.000 900 51<C.000 S51.800 01 sburse..ents·.!.Q.Q.~.!.Q.Q.~--lQ.Q.--!.Q.2..---.19.Q.-!9..Q..!.Q.Q..!.Q..Q.----1.Q..Q...L..Q..Q.Q..!.Q.Q.....!LQ.Q..Q...2..r1.Q.2. S ...bto'tal $I .000 S<I,OOO S 1.000 S 1.000 n.ooo 58.000 52.000 S<I.OOO S 1.000 S 1.000 $5,000 SIO,OOO S 1.000 516.000 S58.000 ,CC Manhours 1.2<C0 2.520 440 880 2,880 3.720 680 920 1,2<10 240 3,2<CO 3,920 240 160 120 22.<1<10 Manhour Cost S53.000 S158,000 S17.000 S:n ,DOD $115,000 S128,000 $26,000 S36,000 S51,000 S9,000 S 127.000 $135,000 9,000 56.000 H,500 911.500 DIsbursements --iz..Q..Q..Q.95,000 15.000 ~~2.t.Q.Q..Q......hQ.Q.Q.10,000 ....!.Q..&Q..Q.~2.000 1.000 -.1B..Q.169.500 S ...btotal S57.000 S253,OOO S17,000 $52,000 $120.000 $138.000 S3 1,000 HO,OOO S61,000 S9,000 5137.000 S143,000 S 11,000 S7.000 55,000 SI.081.000 "", '" TOTAL MAHHOURS 1,270 2,630 470 910 2.960 3.940 740 1.030 1,270 270 3.380 4,200 270 160 560 2<1.060 TOTAL COSTS SS8.000 S257.000 SI8,OOO $53.000 S123,000 S146,000 $}3.000 S4 4 ,ODD S62.000 S10.000 S142.000 S153,000 ·$12,000 57.000 S21,000 $1,139,000 .Including Alaska Office Expenses ~~~i§ §!~I~~i~'.u~.-'...~~IIa~;il;;iJI~}~i§~N."';:t~~~~~i~~,~I~~~i§8a0~...~N~~~a~~,,;!~~,~Ij~I~~~i§§51~~1§§~~~,;,;£~.;~~~~~I0~~i§§~I~~~§8&~:!~N"'E~-~-~~~~~I~.~~i§§~Ii,\*.~§§~aQl"'o·Na·,;,;0•~~~~~I0~~~§8~I0~~~§~'"8,;~e~~,;~<lI"'~I~~~~I~I~~i~8~I0~~i~~:;;;aNa"~~~~~~~I0~~i§§~I~8~1§§~~~~~EN~~N'~~E,;<~a,i,~I0*·~i8~~I0~§i§~i~•~SNa.;E'"o·I~a~§~I~~~i~~~I~~~i§§i5O't~E~~,;~;:t~,.;~<~I~I0N~~-~~i~.~Ii!.~~i§~E'"aa~o~~I0~·~i§§~I~~'l§,§.:;~."-:!~Eon~~~~I~~~i~~~I0~~i§§~~-~,;an.,;t~~I~~~i88~I~~,!i§~.::;••a~.;o'NN~~a a~I~~~i§§~I0~i§~~N~'",;af!'"~.~a~IB~~i~~~~I~0~~I~~~ji~~•.o~~.~F;:-'"~~~i~~~~i~II§i§Iil8~j;<;~H••••u22~~2 2g"fo •I..I I~Ie::00""j~I~j~I~l~IL3-7~~~i§§!~I~~i~'.u~.-'...~~IIa~;il;;iJI~}~i§~N."';:t~~~~~i~~,~I~~~i§8a0~...~N~~~a~~,,;!~~,~Ij~I~~~i§§51~~1§§~~~,;,;£~.;~~~~~I0~~i§§~I~~~§8&~:!~N"'E~-~-~~~~~I~.~~i§§~Ii,\*.~§§~aQl"'o·Na·,;,;0•~~~~~I0~~~§8~I0~~~§~'"8,;~e~~,;~<lI"'~I~~~~I~I~~i~8~I0~~i~~:;;;aNa"~~~~~~~I0~~i§§~I~8~1§§~~~~~EN~~N'~~E,;<~a,i,~I0*·~i8~~I0~§i§~i~•~SNa.;E'"o·I~a~§~I~~~i~~~I~~~i§§i5O't~E~~,;~;:t~,.;~<~I~I0N~~-~~i~.~Ii!.~~i§~E'"aa~o~~I0~·~i§§~I~~'l§,§.:;~."-:!~Eon~~~~I~~~i~~~I0~~i§§~~-~,;an.,;t~~I~~~i88~I~~,!i§~.::;••a~.;o'NN~~aa~I~~~i§§~I0~i§~~N~'",;af!'"~.~a~IB~~i~~~~I~0~~I~~~ji~~•.o~~.~F;:-'"~~~i~~~~i~II§i§Iil8~j;<;~H••••u22~~22g"fo•I..II~Ie::00""j~I~j~I~l~IL3-7 0 00~~1g~~l~~"~1~~"~l~"~~~1~g0M~~i0•0~::~N~m-,.O.~~ti~.;;~N~~~ ~~a-~,N~.N~~"tiUj~ ~:J:jl~~0;:§~§~I -:i"'i..i,-r~~H!\!·~i50!i~Na:l~~~I~~~H~~~pg~~~\Q~~~ ~~I~I~~~i~"~~~;"~~~'"'N;;'"a a!~I~~~H~§"~1~0§"~1~§~~~i~0§N~N'~~;n~~~a~";;..;;:;;~~~~.~~~I~~~1~~~~1~§~§"~i~§~0I-0~:::~I~~~~:R{Q~..N~W)!iM:.~~~~'.•~NI~sf~~H~~~p0g~Ma·~i~BC,~I!1§"~~~~~~~~~§,~~I=N;N,~~if:~I~~~~i~!i~~ng§5~"~N"'!~~a;;':~I~~~~~.~~H~M~~~~U~~•MN~"".;'"N~-E~..~ ~f~~H~§"~i~§~~p~§,~~~~"'N~m....~N!:::!~f~~H~~~~~.~~~ ~~~I>f~~H~~~1~.:;;~:~~N~!::!~N""~~~ ~•;;~I~~~p~~~p§~~~.S~~i:R~~N~~~a~..'0~o.".~.~~i~=:~.~H&IIIIII~~Il~Ij.,~5~.."~jj••~H,~,",.,.u~££~0'£~K~••~~"0:;:<;~~o0;£0ii0"i:i~ii5~I~I•15Jr~0~"Co0~;~I!~~I~I~Ig.00~I""~I~38..3-80 00~~1g~~l~~"~1~~"~l~"~~~1~g0M~~i0•0~::~N~m-,.O.~~ti~.;;~N~~~~~a-~,N~.N~~"tiUj~~:J:jl~~0;:§~§~I-:i"'i..i,-r~~H!\!·~i50!i~Na:l~~~I~~~H~~~pg~~~\Q~~~~~I~I~~~i~"~~~;"~~~'"'N;;'"aa!~I~~~H~§"~1~0§"~1~§~~~i~0§N~N'~~;n~~~a~";;..;;:;;~~~~.~~~I~~~1~~~~1~§~§"~i~§~0I-0~:::~I~~~~:R{Q~..N~W)!iM:.~~~~'.•~NI~sf~~H~~~p0g~Ma·~i~BC,~I!1§"~~~~~~~~~§,~~I=N;N,~~if:~I~~~~i~!i~~ng§5~"~N"'!~~a;;':~I~~~~~.~~H~M~~~~U~~•MN~"".;'"N~-E~..~~f~~H~§"~i~§~~p~§,~~~~"'N~m....~N!:::!~f~~H~~~~~.~~~~~~I>f~~H~~~1~.:;;~:~~N~!::!~N""~~~~•;;~I~~~p~~~p§~~~.S~~i:R~~N~~~a~..'0~o.".~.~~i~=:~.~H&IIIIII~~Il~Ij.,~5~.."~jj••~H,~,",.,.u~££~0'£~K~••~~"0:;:<;~~o0;£0ii0"i:i~ii5~I~I•15Jr~0~"Co0~;~I!~~I~I~Ig.00~I""~I~38..3-8 SUSITNA HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT -ALASKA PO~ER AUTHORITY TASK A 3.8 COST ESTIMATE -TASK 8.TRANSMISSION ~ 2,300 S76.800 ".500 2.300 S8 1 ,300 ~ 2,100 $68,500 10.500 $20,000 2,100 $99,000 Ad dend UM to POS DeeeMber 18,1979 Toters ~Menhour5 ~ 900 19.300 S28.000 $637.800 2.500 69,500 S22,OOO 900 19,300 S30,500 S729,300 SUSITNA HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT -ALASKA PO~ER AUTHORITY TASK A 3.8 COST ESTIMATE -TASK 8.TRANSMISSION 2,300 $8 1 ,300 2,100 10.500 $20,000 2,100 $99,000 Ad dend UM to POS DeeeMber 18.1979 Toters ~Menhours Costs 900 19,300 $28.000 $637,800 2,500 69.500 $22.000 900 19,300 $30,500 $729,300 w,,.... o Consu I tont ~ ~ SUSITHA HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT -ALASkA POWER AUTHORITY Add.nd ...."to pas Dec._b.r IS.1979 TASlE A 3.9 COST ESTINATE -TASk 9.COST ESTIMATES"SCHEDULES Totols Subtosk -9.01 ~~.2.:..Q..!.2.ill Mllnhours Costs Nanhours 225 5>.1,320 '95 '"3,455 Manhour Cos"ts $9,100 $18,100 $47,700 $31,800 $11,900 $118,600 01 sburs ....nts·--1Q£.~--1dQ..Q..2.d9.!t --L..!.9.9..~ Subtotel S10,OOO S20,OOO $53,000 $35,000 $13,000 $131,000 M/lInhours ,..6....54.17.1,550 Manhour Cost $9,400 $I,800 $14,900 $16,900 $5,300 $48,300 Disburselllents --!Q..!!.~~--4lQ.Q.-1.Q..Q.2..t29.! Subto"tal $10,000 $2,000 $16,000 $20,000 $6,000 $54,000 TOrAL MANHOURS 525 59.1,800 1,535 525 5,005 TOTAl COSTS $20,000 $22,0 0 0 $69,000 $55,000 $19,000 Ufl.5-..QOO Including AlaSka Office Expense w, >--'o Consu I tont IncludIng Alaskll Offlc&Expense SUSITNA HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT -ALASKA POWER AUTHORITY Addondu.to POS Deco.bo,.18.1979 TASK A 3.10 COST ESTIMATE -TASK 10.LICENSING Totols Consultant Subtask -~~~~~~~~~~Manhours Costs ~Manhours no "0 2'1.430 '15 2.430 "0 "...,'15 7,220 ~\anhou,.Cos1"S8.000 S22.000 ,.00 S50.000 S25.000 S85,OOO SZ2,OOO S4,500 S31,OOO 14,000 S252.400 01 sbu,.se~en1"s"1.000 3,000 '00 6,000 2,500 10,000 3.000 '00 4,000 1,000 31,100 L0901 Revlow ---10,000 ------------------------~ Subto1"a I S9,OOO 135,000 SI,OOO $56,000 S21,500 S95,OOO S25,OOO S5,OOO 135,000 $5,000 S293.500 TOTAL MANHOURS no "0 25 1,430 '15 2,430 630 130 ..,'"7,220 TOTAL '"COSTS S9,OOO $35,000 S 1,000 S56,OOO S27,500 S95,OOO $25,000 $5,000 S35,OOO S5,OOO S293,500,..... !--' Including Alaska Office Expenso SUSITNA HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT -ALASKA POWER AUTHORITY Addondu.to POS Deco.bo,.IB,1979 TASK A 3.10 COST ESTIMATE -TASK 10.LICENSING Totols Consultant Subtask _~~~~~~~10~08 ~~Manhours Costs ~Manhours no "0 2'1,430 '15 2,430 "0 "..85 '15 7,220 ~\anhou,.Cos1"$8,000 $22,000 ,.00 $50,000 $25,000 $85,000 SZ2,OOO $4.500 $31.000 14.000 $252,400 01 sbu"se~en1"s"1,000 3,000 '00 6,000 2,500 10,000 3,000 '00 4.000 1,000 31,100 Logol Revlow 10,000 ~ Subto1"a I $9.000 135.000 $1,000 $56,000 $21,500 195,000 $25,000 $5.000 135,000 15.000 $293,500 TOTAL MANHOURs no "0 25 1,430 '15 2,430 630 130 .85 '"7,220 TOTAL '"COSTS $9,000 $35,000 $1,000 $56,000 $27,500 $95,000 $25,000 $5,000 $35,000 $5,000 $293,500,..... !-' Including Alaska Office Expenso SUSITHA HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT -ALASKA POVER AUTHORITY Ad do Il-:!"'.t-o POS De.ee.b.er-Ill.1919 TABLE A 3.11 COST ESTIMATE -TASK It,MARKETING l FINANCING Totols ConsulTant SubTask -....!..!..!..!U --!.!ill ---!..!ill ~---!.!..!..Q..L ~~--!.!...:..Q.!~....!..h!.L ---!.!...:..!.L MlInhour-s ~ ~Hanhours 1,600 .00 270 370 16O 80 'SO "-3,nG Manhour-Cost S67,3GO $38.400 S10,500 S 14,500 S6,1 00 -S3,80G S 14 ,ODD S 1.800 S156.400 01 sbur-Sl,l.enTs 10,800 ~~...!d9..Q.~....!.z..?.Q.Q ~.!...d.Q..Q..-39.500 Subtota I $78.100 145,800 S15,OOO S19,OOO S10,OOO -S5,OOO S20,OOO S3,OOO -$195,900 .!!££Manhour COST &Olsbursu.onts S2,500 S2,500 FHA Mllnhour Cost \oN &Olsbur-soml,lnts S5,500 S5,500, 0-' '" SALOMON BROTHERS F..S21,400 S45,800 $71,300 S5,OOO S35,700 S179,200 TOTAL MANHOURS 3,770 TOTAL COSTS S99,500 S91,600 $17,500 S24,500 S10.000 -$76,300 S25,OOO 138,700 S383,I00 SUS.lTNA HYDROELECTRIC PO'llER PROJECT -ALASKA POWER AUTHORITY Add ••da."'0 POS TABLE A 3.12 Dec••b.r Ie.1979 COST ESTIMATE -TASK 12,PUBLIC PARTICIPATION To"'lIls Consul tan1"1 Au1"hor Ity Subtask -12.01 ~~~"'anhours ~ ~Mllnhours -1.285 1.140 285 2.710 Monhour Cost ,-$45,000 HO.OOO SIO.OOO S 95,000 Olsburseaents-121.500 14.800 ~64.500 206!900 Sub1"ota I SI21,500 S59.800 H6.100 S74.500 BOI,900 CIRI/HIN Manhours 170 \50 '20 Monhour Cos1"$6.000 $5,000 SI 1,000 Disburse.ents ~-!9..Q.---!.L.Q.Q..Q.. Sub1"o1"a I S7 ,000 $5.800 S12,800 ~Manhours 170 '00 470 Manhour Cost S6.000 S10,OOO SI6,OOO Disbursttll'lents 1,000 ~~ ",Subtotal $1.000 $11.500 S18.500, >-' '".ill..Manhours 1.270 '00 470 Manhour Cost $6.000 $10.000 S16,OOO Olsburse",ents 1 ,000 ~2.r2.Q..Q.. Sub1"otal $7.000 S 11,500 S18,500 ~"'anhours 170 \50 '20 "'anhour Cos1"S6,OOO S5,OOO SII,OOO DisburseMents 1,000 ---!Q..Q.~ Subtotal S7.000 $5,800 $12,800 !Wi Manhours 170 300 470 Monhour Cos1"s $6.000 S10,OOO $16,000 01 sbursements ~~~ Sub1"o1"a I S7 ,DOD $11.500 $18.500 TOTAL MANHOURS 4.660 TOTAL COST S121.500 $94,800 S92.200 $74.500 S383,000** Including Alasko Off Ice Expense **Other Public Participation Program costs in the amount of $220,000 are included in non~iscretionarY funds. SUS.lTNA HYDROELECTRIC PO'llER PROJECT _ALASKA PavER AUTHORITY Add ••da."'0 POS Dec:••b.r le.1979 TABLE A 3.12 COST ESTIMATE -TASK 12,PUBLIC PARTICIPATION To"'lIls Consul tan1"1 Au1"hor Ity Subtask -12.01 ~~~"'anhours Costs ~Mllnhours 1.285 1.140 285 2.710 Monhour Cost ,$45,000 HO.OOO SlO.OOO ,95,000 Disburseaents-121.500 14,800 ~64.500 206!900 Sub1"ota I $121.500 $59.800 H6.100 $74.500 5301.900 CIRI/HIN Manhours 170 \50 '20 Monhour Cos1"S6.000 S5,OOO SI 1.000 Disburse.ents ~-!9..Q.---.!.L.Q.Q..Q. Sub1"o1"a I 57 .000 S5.600 $12.800 ~Manhours 170 '00 470 Manhour Cost $6.000 $10.000 516.000 Disbursttll'lents 1,000 .!..dQ.!!..~ ",Subtotal $1.000 S11.500 $18.500, >-' '"TES Manhours 1.270 '00 470 Manhour Cost S6.000 SIO.OOO S16.000 Disburse",ents 1 ,000 ~2.r2.Q..Q.. Sub1"otal S7.000 S 11.500 518.500 FHA "'anhours 170 \50 '20 "'anhour Cos1"56.000 $5.000 511.000 DisburseMents 1,000 ---!Q..Q.~ Subtotal 57.000 S5.800 S12.800 !Wi Manhours 170 300 470 Monhour Cos1"s S6.000 $10.000 516.000 01 sbursements .L.Q.!!.Q.~~ Sub1"o1"a I 51 .000 S11.500 S18.500 TOTAL MANHOURS 4.660 TOTAL COST S121.500 S94,800 592.200 S74.500 5383.000** Including Alasko Off Ice Expense..Other Public Participation Program costs in the amount of $220,000 are included in non~iscretionarY funds. SUSITMA HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT -ALASKA POWER AUTHORITY "'dd."du.to POS TASK A 3 13 COST ESTIMATE -TASK 13,ADMINISTRATION Ooco.bor 18,'919 TO't8Is Consul'tant Sub'tlilsk -~13 ..02 13 ..03 ~13 ..05 ~~.ll..:E!-13,09·MliInhours Costs ~Ml:lnhours "SO ".40 1,940 15 140 15 1,150 4,825 Menhour Co,S'ts 11,300 SI,800 SI,500 $29,500 $68,000 S500 $26,000 $500 $45,100 S114,200 01 sburso.ents·--!Q.9..---iQ!!..--!Q.9..3.500 8,000 --~--10.70~36.000 Sub1"ota I S1.500 S1,200 S 1,700 $33,000 $76,000 S500 $29,000 S500 $65,800 $210.200 ~ManhQurs '0 '0 "93O 2,130 15 1,125 '0 .0 ","25 MenhQur Costs Sl,600 $2,000 S I,500 $29,700 $68,"00 S500 $36,000 SI,OOO $1,300 S142,OOO Olsburs ••o,,'ts ~~---.1Q9.~8,000 --~--..!.Q..Q.--!Q.Q.~ Sub'to1"1iI1 S 1,800 $2.200 $1,700 $33,200 $76,"00 $500 $40.000 S 1.200 SI.500 S158.500 B!!!."'e"hours 220 220 "'en hour Costs $10,000 SIO,OOO Olsbursoll'lon'ts -l.Q!!-1..Q!t Subtoh I SIO,700 S10,700 "".Ill MliInhours 1,880 I,B80,..... .to Menhour Costs $50,300 S50,300 Dlsburs'8l1lonts IS .BOO 15,800 Subtotel S66,100 S66,100 CIRI/H&N Ml:lnhours '00 30O MliInhQur Costs S15,OOO S15.000 Dr sbursolllon1"s 2.LQ.Q.Q......hQ.Q.Q. Subtotel $20,000 S20,OOO ~Mllnhours 4O "Ml:lnhour Costs S2,OOO S2,OOO Disbursements -.1.9..Q.--.l.Q.Q. Suhto'tal S2,200 S2,200 TOTAL MAN HOURS 11,690 TOTAL COSTS S3,300 $"."00 S3."00 $66.200 $152."00 $1.000 169,000 $1,700 S166,300 $467,700 Including AIIIska Office Expense SUSITMA HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT -ALASKA POWER AUTHORITy "'dd."du.to POS Ooco.bor 18,1919 TASK A 313 COST ESTIMATE -TASK 13,ADMINISTRATION To't8ls COIISUI 'tan't Sub'tesk -~13 ..02 13 ..03 ~13 ..05 ~~.ll..:E!-13,09·MliInhours Cos'ts ~Ml:lnhours "SO ".40 1,940 15 140 15 1,150 4.825 Menhour Co,STS 11.300 $1.800 $1,500 $29,500 $68,000 $500 $26.000 $500 $45,100 $174.200 01 sburso.onts·--!Q.9..---iQ!!..--!Q.9..3.500 8.000 .2.&QQ.10.70~36.000 Sub1"ota I S1.500 S1,200 S 1.700 $33,000 $76.000 $500 S29,OOO $500 S65.800 $210.100 ~ManhQurs '0 '0 45 93O 2,130 15 1,125 '0 .0 ","25 MenhQur Costs Sl,600 S2,OOO $1,500 $29,700 $68,"00 $500 S36.000 SI,OOO $1.300 $142,000 Olsburs ••o,,'ts ~~---.1Q9.~8.000 ~--..!.Q..Q.--!Q.Q.~ SubTo1"el S 1,800 S2,200 $1,700 $33,200 $76,"00 $500 $40.000 S 1,200 $1.500 $158.500 B!!!."'e"hours 220 220 "'en hour Costs $10,000 $10,000 Disbursoll'lon'ts -l.Q!!-1..Q!t Subtoh I $10.700 110.700 "".Ill MliInhours 1,880 1.880 ,..... .to Menhour Costs 150,300 150.300 Dlsburs'8l1lonts 15.800 15.800 Subtotel S66,100 $66,100 CIRI/H&N Ml:lnhours '00 30O MliInhQur Costs S15,OOO $15.000 Dfsbursolllon1"s 2.LQ.Q.Q.~ Subtotel 120,000 S20,OOO ~Mllnhours 4O "Ml:lnhour Costs S2,OOO $2,000 Dlsbursemonts -.1.9..Q.--.l.Q.Q. Suhto'tal 12,200 S2,200 TOTAL MAN HOURS 11,690 TOTAL COSTS 13.300 1"."00 S3.,,00 166.200 1152."00 11.000 S69,OOO I I,700 S166,300 $467,700 Including Alaska Of fico Expenso I!·EII 'I 'I~I~II 'I '~§.§3lJ~·~~ ~ ~~~~~~ ~I§~~'I~II~I8•~.3-15I!·EII 'I 'I~I~II 'I '~§.§3lJ~·~~~~~~~~~~I§~~'I~II~I8•~.3-15 SUSllltA trmIOELfCTRlC t"RO.I£CT -AlASKA PMR ,wnOUTY Table A 3.15 ESTlMlHl S1\IJ't COSTS BY Cj!!JN!!ER fddend ..to POS DeceatbDr'18.1919 Tu' .!:!2!..-111'1(.[)e:sQ"Iptlon '900 --'--,--'----'-__6 __ "8' 7 __8_- '987 --'--__'0__TorAlS ,Power Studies ,"1.400 ,95.800 ,155.000 ,61.000 ,,,,, , ,359.200,Survl¥s I.Site Facilities 2.691.350 1.304.550 1.348.350 339.950 "20.350 467.050 505.300 281."50 2.....150 2.....100 1.858.600,Hfdrologt 204.350 65.650 131.200 162.800 250.800 208,'"22".:550 206.650 204.:550 167.050 1.826.000,Seismic Studies ..2.800 189.100 290.200 166,100 28.100 117.500 1"6."00 9".100 32.800 29,3OlT"1.139.000,Goote<:hnlc:eI Explorlltlon ",500 570.000 654.500 In.500 491,200 712."00 693."00 152.500 67.500 "1.000 3.620.500 6 Des 19n Oo"olopmont -7,900 72.300 78,600 111.400 166.900 258.900 486.600 463.300 102.900 1.769.000 7 En"iron...onhl Studies 670.700 968,900 126.700 727,300 674,500 675,200 666,400 650,400 443.300 366.900 6.510.300 6 Transmission 12.100 45.700 47,700 47,600 36.400 109.350 129,650 135,550 135,.550 29,700 729,300•Construction CoST ESTimate &Schedulo ----48,600 13,200 13,200 46.600 63."00 185,000 '0 Ll cons In9 62.600 27.900 15.100 15,100 15,100 15.100 15,100 28.000 26.900 72.600 293.500 II Marketing &Financing ---39."00 39.400 46."00 111,900 94.700 51,300 383.100 l2 Public ParTicipatIon "'.>DO "',>DO 38,300 38,300 38,300 "',>DO "',>DO "',>DO "',>DO "',>DO 383.000 "Adml nIstrat ion 228,300 26,600 26.600 26,600 ",600 26,600 26.600 26,600 26,600 26.600 461,700 Subtotal ",052,400 3.341.000 3,505.950 1.848,850 2.132.150 2.625,200 2,764,000 2,231,450 1,844,050 1,239.150 25,584,200 "",.....Non-D Iscrot lonary AmounTS'" APA Adml n Istrat Ion 28.700 28,800 28.700 28,800 28.700 28,800 28.700 26,800 28,700 28,800 287,500 APA Public PartIcipation 22,000 22,000 22,000 22,000 22,000 22,000 22,000 22,000 22,000 22,000 220,000 ISER 15.000 15,000 - - - 30,000 Land Usc 9,000 ',000 9,000 ',000 9,000 ',000 ',000 9,000 ',000 9,000 90,000 AOF &G Coord Inator 19,000 19.000 19,000 19,000 19.000 19,000 19,000 19,000 19.000 16,500 187,500 llativll Insr.ector 12.000 12.000 12,000 12,000 12.000 12,000 12,000 12,000 12,000 12,000 120,000 ~"h·,.r.ill ="...Ie"20,000 180,000 200,000 200,000 200,000 200,000 1,000.000 Subtotal 105.700 105,800 90,700 90.800 110,700 270,800 290.700 290,800 290.700 288,300 1,935,000 Esclllotion 8-1/2%on Tasks I -13 0 70,996 149,003 117.864 181.233 283,522 362.084 343,643 326,397 250.308 2,085,050 SUbtotal 4,158,100 3,517,796 3,745,653 2,057,51"2,424,083 3,179,522 3.416.784 2,865,893 2,461,147 1,777,758 29.604.250 Cunulotlva Cash flow ..,158,100 7,675,896 11,421,549 13,479.063 15.903.1"6 19,082.668 22,499."52 25,365,345 27,826,492 29.604;250 ~ Januory 7.1980 SUSllltA trmIOELfCTRlC t"RO.I£CT -AlASKA PMR ,wnOUTY Table A 3.15 ESTlMlHl S1\IJ't COSTS BY Cj!!JN!!ER Tu• .!:!2!..-111'1(.[)e:sQ"Iptlon '900 --'--,--'----'-__6 __ "8' 7 __8_---'--__'0__TorAlS ,Power Studies ,"1.400 95.800 ,155.000 ,61.000 ,,,359.200,Survl¥s I.Site Facilities 2,691,350 1,304.550 1.348.350 339,950 "20.350 467.050 505.300 281,"50 2.....150 2.....100 1.858.600,Hfdrologt 204,350 65,650 131.200 162.800 250,800 208,800 22".:550 206,650 204,:550 167.050 1,826,000,Seismic Studies 42,800 189,100 290.200 168,100 28,100 117,500 1"6.400 9",100 32,800 29,3OlT"1,139,000,Goote<:hnlc:eI Explorlltlon ",500 570,000 654,500 In,sao 491,200 712."00 693,"00 152,500 67,500 41.000 3,620,500 6 Des 19n Oovolopmont 7,900 72,300 78,600 111,400 166.900 258.900 486,800 483,300 102.900 1,769,000 7 Environ...onhl Studies 670,700 968,900 126,700 727,300 674,500 675,200 666,400 650,400 443.300 366,900 6,510.300 6 Transmission 12,100 45.700 47,700 47,600 36,400 109,350 129,650 135,550 135,.550 29,700 729,300•Construction CoST ESTimaTe &Schedule 48,600 13,200 13,200 46.600 63."00 185,000 '0 Ll cons In9 62,600 27.900 15.100 15,100 15,100 15,100 15,100 28.000 26.900 72.600 293.500 II Marketing &Financing 39."00 39.400 46."00 111,900 94.700 51,300 383.100 l2 Public ParTicipatIon "'.>DO "',>DO 38,300 38,300 38,300 "',>DO "',>DO "',>DO "',>DO "',>DO 383.000 "Adml nI strat i on 228,300 26,600 26,600 26,600 ",600 26,600 26.600 26,600 26,600 26.600 461,700 Subtotal ..,052,400 3.341.000 3,505.950 1.848,850 2.132.150 2.625,200 2,764,000 2,231,450 1,844,050 1,239.150 25,584,200 "",.....Non-D Iscrot lonary AmounTS'" APA Adml n Istrat Ion 28.700 28,800 28,700 28,800 28.700 28,800 28.700 26,800 28,700 28,800 287,500 A?A Public PartIcipation 22,000 22,000 22,000 22,000 22,000 22,000 22,000 22,000 22,000 22,000 220,000 ISER 15.000 15,000 30,000 Land Usc 9,000 ',000 9,000 ',000 9,000 ',000 ',000 9,000 ',000 9,000 90,000 AOF &G Coord Inator 19,000 19.000 19,000 19,000 19.000 19,000 19,000 19,000 19.000 16,500 187,500 lliltivll Insr.ector 12.000 12.000 12,000 12,000 12.000 12,000 12,000 12,000 12,000 12,000 120,000 ~"h·,..r.ill ="...Ie"20,000 180,000 200,000 200,000 200,000 200,000 1,000.000 Subtotal 105.700 105,800 90,700 90.800 110,700 270,800 290.700 290,800 290.700 288,300 1,935,000 Esclllotion 8-1/2%on Tosks 1 -13 0 70,996 149,003 117.864 181.233 283,522 362.084 343,643 326,397 250.308 2,085,050 SUbtotal 4,158,100 3,517,796 3,745,653 2,057,51"2,424,083 3,179,522 3.416.784 2,865,893 2,461,147 1,777,758 29.604.250 CunulotlvB ClIsh flow ",158,100 7,675,896 11,421,549 13,479.063 15.903.1"6 19,082.668 22,499."52 25,365,345 27,826,492 29.604;250 ~ Januory 7.'980 TABLEA3.16-BUDGETSUMMARYPOSTLICENSEAPPLICATIONSTUDIES(1979)(CostdatacontainedwithinthistableappliestoworknecessarytosupportsuccessfulawardofalicensefromFERC.Activitiessuchasdetaileddesign,constructioncontractpackages,andworkonanaccessroaddiscussedaspartofa"FastTrack"systeminSectionA6wouldrequireadditionalexpenditures.)Non-discretionaryamounts(Includeprivatelandusepayments,NativeInspector,APAcoordination,andADF&Genvironmentalcoordinator)TaskNo.12345678910111213TaskNamePowerStudiesSurveys&SiteFacilitiesHydrologySeismicStudiesGeotechnicalExplorationDesignDevelopmentEnvironmentalStudiesTransmissionConstructionEstimates&SchedulesLicensingMarketingandFinancingPublicParticipationAdministrationSubtotalGrandTotal3-17Cost$3,025,000500,000100,0004,810,500430,000200,000250,000$100,000$9,415,500617,500$10,033,000TABLEA3.16-BUDGETSUMMARYPOSTLICENSEAPPLICATIONSTUDIES(1979)(CostdatacontainedwithinthistableappliestoworknecessarytosupportsuccessfulawardofalicensefromFERC.Activitiessuchasdetaileddesign,constructioncontractpackages,andworkonanaccessroaddiscussedaspartofa"FastTrack"systeminSectionA6wouldrequireadditionalexpenditures.)Non-discretionaryamounts(Includeprivatelandusepayments,NativeInspector,APAcoordination,andADF&Genvironmentalcoordinator)TaskNo.12345678910111213TaskNamePowerStudiesSurveys&SiteFacilitiesHydrologySeismicStudiesGeotechnicalExplorationDesignDevelopmentEnvironmentalStudiesTransmissionConstructionEstimates&SchedulesLicensingMarketingandFinancingPublicParticipationAdministrationSubtotalGrandTotal3-17Cost$3,025,000500,000100,0004,810,500430,000200,000250,000$100,000$9,415,500617,500$10,033,000 3-183-18 SECTIONA4-RESPONSETOPUBLICCOMMENTSECTIONA4-RESPONSETOPUBLICCOMMENT SECTIONA4-RESPONSETOPUBLICCOMMENTA.4.1-IntroductionTheoriginalversionofthisPlanofStudy(POS)wassubmittedtotheAlaskaPowerAuthorityonSeptember11,1979.Concurrentlywiththatsubmission,morethan50copiesweredistributedtocertainStateandFederalAgenciesaswellastopub1icinterestgroups.Twoopportunitiesforpub1ictestimonywereprovidedatAlaskaPowerAuthorityBoardMeetingsonSeptember28andNovember11,1979.Inaddition,writtencommentshavebeenreceivedthatresultedfromaseriesofface-to-facediscussionswithinterestedindividuals.Finally,PlansofStudysubmittedbyotherqualifiedengineeringfirmshavebeenreviewedwithaviewtowardidentifyingideaswhichcouldimprovetheoriginalproposedapproach.TheintroductiontoSectionAlhighlightedcertainmajorchangeswhichhavebeenincorporatedinthiseditionofthePlanofStudy.Thepurposeofthissectionistoprovideamoredetailedsummaryofcomments,responses,andactionstakensinceSeptember11,1979.Becauseastrongparticipationpro9ramhasbeenplannedfromthestart,itiscertainthatfurtherchangestothePOSwillbemadefromtimetotimetoensurethattheworktobeperformedisresponsivetotheneedsanddesiresofthepublic.Itfollowsthatthisplanis--andmustbe--adynamicdocument.EvenbeforethefirstPOSwasprepared,publicinvolvementhadcommenced.AmeetingwasheldinJuly1979intheofficesofAPAtopermitconcernedcitizenstofamiliarizeprospectiveconsultingfirmswithkeyissuesandconcerns.ThatfirstmeetingwasofvalueinformulatingtheoriginalPOS.AnnexAtothisSection,whichappearsonthefollowingpages,isamemorandumpreparedtodocumentthemannerinwhichpublicresponsehasbeenhandledsincethePOSwassubmittedinSeptember1979.4-1SECTIONA4-RESPONSETOPUBLICCOMMENTA.4.1-IntroductionTheoriginalversionofthisPlanofStudy(POS)wassubmittedtotheAlaskaPowerAuthorityonSeptember11,1979.Concurrentlywiththatsubmission,morethan50copiesweredistributedtocertainStateandFederalAgenciesaswellastopub1icinterestgroups.Twoopportunitiesforpub1ictestimonywereprovidedatAlaskaPowerAuthorityBoardMeetingsonSeptember28andNovember11,1979.Inaddition,writtencommentshavebeenreceivedthatresultedfromaseriesofface-to-facediscussionswithinterestedindividuals.Finally,PlansofStudysubmittedbyotherqualifiedengineeringfirmshavebeenreviewedwithaviewtowardidentifyingideaswhichcouldimprovetheoriginalproposedapproach.TheintroductiontoSectionAlhighlightedcertainmajorchangeswhichhavebeenincorporatedinthiseditionofthePlanofStudy.Thepurposeofthissectionistoprovideamoredetailedsummaryofcomments,responses,andactionstakensinceSeptember11,1979.Becauseastrongparticipationpro9ramhasbeenplannedfromthestart,itiscertainthatfurtherchangestothePOSwillbemadefromtimetotimetoensurethattheworktobeperformedisresponsivetotheneedsanddesiresofthepublic.Itfollowsthatthisplanis--andmustbe--adynamicdocument.EvenbeforethefirstPOSwasprepared,publicinvolvementhadcommenced.AmeetingwasheldinJuly1979intheofficesofAPAtopermitconcernedcitizenstofamiliarizeprospectiveconsultingfirmswithkeyissuesandconcerns.ThatfirstmeetingwasofvalueinformulatingtheoriginalPOS.AnnexAtothisSection,whichappearsonthefollowingpages,isamemorandumpreparedtodocumentthemannerinwhichpublicresponsehasbeenhandledsincethePOSwassubmittedinSeptember1979.4-1 4-24-2 ANNEXATOSECTIONA4TABLEOFCONTENTS1 -INTRODUCTION2 -COMMENTSONACRES'PLANOFSTUDY2.1-WrittenComments2.2-VerbalComments3 -ASSESSMENTOFHARZAPROPOSAL4 -ASSESSMENTOFIECOPROPOSAL4-3ANNEXATOSECTIONA4TABLEOFCONTENTS1 -INTRODUCTION2 -COMMENTSONACRES'PLANOFSTUDY2.1-WrittenComments2.2-VerbalComments3-ASSESSMENTOFHARZAPROPOSAL4-ASSESSMENTOFIECOPROPOSAL4-3 4-44-4 1 -INTRODUCTIONSincethesubmissiononSeptember11,1979,ofAcresproposedPlanofStudy(POS)fortheSusitnaHydroelectricProject,concernsandconstructivecriticismshavebeenvoicedbynumerousindividuals,groups,andagencies(seeTables1.1and1.2).ItisthepurposeofthisAnnextoaddresstheseconcernsandtodescribechangestothePOSwhereconsideredwarrantedorreasonsnochangesweremade.Also,asrequestedbytheAlaskaPowerAuthority(APA)thePOS'sproposedbyHarzaand1ECOhavebeenevaluatedwiththeintentionofextractingusefulcomponentswhichcouldimprovetheAcresPOS.4-51 -INTRODUCTIONSincethesubmissiononSeptember11,1979,ofAcresproposedPlanofStudy(POS)fortheSusitnaHydroelectricProject,concernsandconstructivecriticismshavebeenvoicedbynumerousindividuals,groups,andagencies(seeTables1.1and1.2).ItisthepurposeofthisAnnextoaddresstheseconcernsandtodescribechangestothePOSwhereconsideredwarrantedorreasonsnochangesweremade.Also,asrequestedbytheAlaskaPowerAuthority(APA)thePOS'sproposedbyHarzaand1ECOhavebeenevaluatedwiththeintentionofextractingusefulcomponentswhichcouldimprovetheAcresPOS.4-5 TABLE1.1:LISTOFSOURCESOFWRITTENPOSCOMMENTS1.ThomasTrent,DepartmentofFish&Game2.DaveSturdevant,DepartmentofEnvironmentalConservation3.DonMcKay,FishandWildlifeService4.PaulLowe,AlaskaCenterForEnvironment5.JohnAdams,FairbanksEnvironmentalCenter6.SuzanneWeller,TrusteesForAlaska7.PatWennekens,AlaskaConservationSociety8.LawrenceKimball,Dept.ofCommunityandRegionalAffairs9.ClarissaQuinlan,DivisionofEnergyandPowerDevelopment10.GaryHickman,U.S.FishandWildlifeService11.AlCarson,DepartmentofNaturalResources12.DavidHickok,UniversityofAlaska13.RobertCross,AlaskaPowerAdministration14.RobertMohn,AlaskaPowerAuthority4-6TABLE1.1:LISTOFSOURCESOFWRITTENPOSCOMMENTS1.ThomasTrent,DepartmentofFish&Game2.DaveSturdevant,DepartmentofEnvironmentalConservation3.DonMcKay,FishandWildlifeService4.PaulLowe,AlaskaCenterForEnvironment5.JohnAdams,FairbanksEnvironmentalCenter6.SuzanneWeller,TrusteesForAlaska7.PatWennekens,AlaskaConservationSociety8.LawrenceKimball,Dept.ofCommunityandRegionalAffairs9.ClarissaQuinlan,DivisionofEnergyandPowerDevelopment10.GaryHickman,U.S.FishandWildlifeService11.AlCarson,DepartmentofNaturalResources12.DavidHickok,UniversityofAlaska13.RobertCross,AlaskaPowerAdministration14.RobertMohn,AlaskaPowerAuthority4-6 TABLE1.2:LISTOFSOURCESOFVERBALPOSCOMMENTS1.RobertCross,AlaskaPowerAdministration2.ThomasStahr,AnchorageMunicipalLightandPower3.PaulLowe,AlaskaCenterforEnvironment4.PatriciaAnderson,PrivateCitizen5.BrianRogers,AlaskaStateLegislator6.AlCarson,DepartmentofNaturalResources7.DaveSturdevant,DepartmentofEnvironmentalConservation8.JohnAdams,FairbanksEnvironmentalCenter9.SuzanneWeller,TrusteesForAlaska10.PatWennakins,AlaskaConservationSociety11.TroySullivan,HighlakeLodge12.DonMcKay,U.S.FishandWildlifeService13.DaleRusnell,DepartmentofCommerce14.ChristopherEstes,AlaskaDepartmentofFishandGame15.ThomasTrent,AlaskaDepartmentofFishandGame4-7TABLE1.2:LISTOFSOURCESOFVERBALPOSCOMMENTS1.RobertCross,AlaskaPowerAdministration2.ThomasStahr,AnchorageMunicipalLightandPower3.PaulLowe,AlaskaCenterforEnvironment4.PatriciaAnderson,PrivateCitizen5.BrianRogers,AlaskaStateLegislator6.AlCarson,DepartmentofNaturalResources7.DaveSturdevant,DepartmentofEnvironmentalConservation8.JohnAdams,FairbanksEnvironmentalCenter9.SuzanneWeller,TrusteesForAlaska10.PatWennakins,AlaskaConservationSociety11.TroySullivan,HighlakeLodge12.DonMcKay,U.S.FishandWildlifeService13.DaleRusnell,DepartmentofCommerce14.ChristopherEstes,AlaskaDepartmentofFishandGame15.ThomasTrent,AlaskaDepartmentofFishandGame4-7 T1.1Comment:2 -COMMENTSONACRES'pas2.1-WrittenCommentsNumerousgroupsandagencieshavereviewedtheoriginalpasandhavedirectedwrittencommentstoAPA(seeTable1.1).Themannerinwhichtheyareaddressedinthisversionofthepasisdescribedbelow.Task1 -PowerStudiesTheloadforecastingandthefeasibilitystudyshouldbeseparated.Response:Theentirefeasibilitystudy,toincludetheelectricaldemandforecastandtheassessmentofalternatives,wasoriginallyconceivedasasinglepackagetobeconductedbythemostcapableengineeringteamavailable.Inaseparateaction,theAlaskalegislaturefundedanindependentstudythatincludedenergydemandforecastingfortheSusitnaProjectmarketarea.Duetotheexistenceofthisparallelandpotentiallyredundanteffortandbecauseofseveralcommentssuggestinganindependentdemandforecast,theforecastoriginallyprogrammedhasbeeneliminatedfromtheAcresplan.TheforecastdevelopedbytheInstituteforSocialandEconomicResearch(ISER)undercontracttothelegislaturewillbeadoptedforusebyAcresinTask1,PowerStudies.Subtask1.01hasbeenrewrittentoreflectthischange.T1.2Comment:Thereisaneedforacomprehensiveconservationstudy.Response:Theimportanceofconservationanditspotentialeffectondemandcannotbeunderstated.Thismatterwillbehandledinthefollowingmanner:(1)APowerAlternativesStudycoordinatedbytheAlaskaHousePowerAlternativesCommitteeincludesaspecificstudycontractwiththeAlaskaCenterforPolicyStudieswhichwillmanageananalysisof:-theendusesofenergyintheRailbeltArea- adeterminationofthepotentialforenergyconservationandtheuseofrenewableenergysources- adiscussionofthesocial,economicandpoliticalmeasuresnecessarytoachievetheconservationandrenewableenergypotential-workonconservationlegislationforthe1980session4-8T1.1Comment:2 -COMMENTSONACRES'pas2.1-WrittenCommentsNumerousgroupsandagencieshavereviewedtheoriginalpasandhavedirectedwrittencommentstoAPA(seeTable1.1).Themannerinwhichtheyareaddressedinthisversionofthepasisdescribedbelow.Task1 -PowerStudiesTheloadforecastingandthefeasibilitystudyshouldbeseparated.Response:Theentirefeasibilitystudy,toincludetheelectricaldemandforecastandtheassessmentofalternatives,wasoriginallyconceivedasasinglepackagetobeconductedbythemostcapableengineeringteamavailable.Inaseparateaction,theAlaskalegislaturefundedanindependentstudythatincludedenergydemandforecastingfortheSusitnaProjectmarketarea.Duetotheexistenceofthisparallelandpotentiallyredundanteffortandbecauseofseveralcommentssuggestinganindependentdemandforecast,theforecastoriginallyprogrammedhasbeeneliminatedfromtheAcresplan.TheforecastdevelopedbytheInstituteforSocialandEconomicResearch(ISER)undercontracttothelegislaturewillbeadoptedforusebyAcresinTask1,PowerStudies.Subtask1.01hasbeenrewrittentoreflectthischange.T1.2Comment:Thereisaneedforacomprehensiveconservationstudy.Response:Theimportanceofconservationanditspotentialeffectondemandcannotbeunderstated.Thismatterwillbehandledinthefollowingmanner:(1)APowerAlternativesStudycoordinatedbytheAlaskaHousePowerAlternativesCommitteeincludesaspecificstudycontractwiththeAlaskaCenterforPolicyStudieswhichwillmanageananalysisof:-theendusesofenergyintheRailbeltArea- adeterminationofthepotentialforenergyconservationandtheuseofrenewableenergysources- adiscussionofthesocial,economicandpoliticalmeasuresnecessarytoachievetheconservationandrenewableenergypotential-workonconservationlegislationforthe1980session4-8 (HB364).sourceofStudies.Thiseffortisexpectedtobeanimportantdatainput forconductofTask1,PowerTl.3Comment:(2)WorkbyISERincludesdevelopmentofarangeofelectricityuseprojectionsthroughtheyear2005.Theprojectionswillbeconstructedinsuchawaythatestimatesoftheimpactofvariousconservationmeasurescanbeintegratedintotheanalysis.Suchmeasureswouldderivefromstudiessuchasthatnotedat(1)above.(3)Conservationeffortscanalsoaffecttheshapeofdailyloadcurves.Reductionofpeakdemandatcertaincriticalhoursintheday,forexample,maypreventthetotalamountofrequiredgeneratingcapacityfromincreas-ingasrapidlyasitwouldundera"no-conservation"approach.Subtask1.02includesanassessmentofconservationeffortsonloadforecasts.InadditionSubtask1.03includesanassessmentofcertainforcedconservationeffectsinitsanalysisof"non-structural"alternatives.(4)ThePowerAlternativesStudyReport(Subtask1.06)willdocumentthefindingsinothersubtasksunderTask1andwillprovideinformationexplaininghowconservationeffortshaveenteredintothetotaldemandequation.ThestudyofalternativestotheSusitnaProjectandthefeasibilitystudyoftheprojectitselfshouldbeseparated.Response:Ithasbeendecidednottoseparatethesestudiesforseveralreasons:(1)Thecompetingengineeringfirmswereevaluatedonthebasisoftheirqualificationstoanalyzethefullrangeofalternatives.Acres,augmentedbyWoodwardClydeConsultants,hasbeenfoundtobehighlyskilledincarryingoutsuchevaluationsofpowersystemexpansionandisexpectedtoproducethecomprehensiveandcompletestudyresultsneeded.(2)ThealternativestudiesbeingconductedbyvariousgroupsandfirmsundercontracttotheAlaskaLegislaturewillprovidebothusefulbasedataandaneffectivecheckonAcres'results.(3)Thecostoftheoverallstudyprogramwillbeminimizedbyavoidingthecoordination,liaisonandduplicationofeffortinherentinasplitof"alterna-tives"and"projectfeasibility"studies.Tl.4Comment:ThePOSneedsconsiderationoflocallyorientedanddecentralizedpowersystemswithemphasisonrenewableresources.4-9(HB364).sourceofStudies.Thiseffortisexpectedtobeanimportantdatainput forconductofTask1,PowerTl.3Comment:(2)WorkbyISERincludesdevelopmentofarangeofelectricityuseprojectionsthroughtheyear2005.Theprojectionswillbeconstructedinsuchawaythatestimatesoftheimpactofvariousconservationmeasurescanbeintegratedintotheanalysis.Suchmeasureswouldderivefromstudiessuchasthatnotedat(1)above.(3)Conservationeffortscanalsoaffecttheshapeofdailyloadcurves.Reductionofpeakdemandatcertaincriticalhoursintheday,forexample,maypreventthetotalamountofrequiredgeneratingcapacityfromincreas-ingasrapidlyasitwouldundera"no-conservation"approach.Subtask1.02includesanassessmentofconservationeffortsonloadforecasts.InadditionSubtask1.03includesanassessmentofcertainforcedconservationeffectsinitsanalysisof"non-structural"alternatives.(4)ThePowerAlternativesStudyReport(Subtask1.06)willdocumentthefindingsinothersubtasksunderTask1andwillprovideinformationexplaininghowconservationeffortshaveenteredintothetotaldemandequation.ThestudyofalternativestotheSusitnaProjectandthefeasibilitystudyoftheprojectitselfshouldbeseparated.Response:Ithasbeendecidednottoseparatethesestudiesforseveralreasons:(1)Thecompetingengineeringfirmswereevaluatedonthebasisoftheirqualificationstoanalyzethefullrangeofalternatives.Acres,augmentedbyWoodwardClydeConsultants,hasbeenfoundtobehighlyskilledincarryingoutsuchevaluationsofpowersystemexpansionandisexpectedtoproducethecomprehensiveandcompletestudyresultsneeded.(2)ThealternativestudiesbeingconductedbyvariousgroupsandfirmsundercontracttotheAlaskaLegislaturewillprovidebothusefulbasedataandaneffectivecheckonAcres'results.(3)Thecostoftheoverallstudyprogramwillbeminimizedbyavoidingthecoordination,liaisonandduplicationofeffortinherentinasplitof"alterna-tives"and"projectfeasibility"studies.Tl.4Comment:ThePOSneedsconsiderationoflocallyorientedanddecentralizedpowersystemswithemphasisonrenewableresources.4-9 Response:Subtask1.03,IdentificationofPowerAlternatives,includesevaluationoflocallyorientedanddecentralizedpowersystems,includingthosewhichwouldutilizerenewableresources.Thecostperunitofelectricalenergyprovidedbyeachwillbedetermined.Subtask1.04,SelectionofViableExpansionSequences,willdeterminethetotalsystemcostswithandwithoutSusitnaandwillproduceapparentoptimumprograms(includingcombinationsofdecentralizedcontributors)forvariousdemandranges.ImpactassessmentsunderSubtask1.05willcomparetheenvironmentalconsequencesofdevelopingsuchapparentoptimums.AnimportantAlternativePowerSourceRiskAnalysiswillbeconductedinSubtask11.03,andtheconsequencesandprobabilitiesofpowerinterruptionsfromdecentralizedvs.largecentralizedsystemswillbeeva1uated.Tl.5Comment:AnoverallenergybudgetshouldbeconsideredforallalternativestotheSusitnaProject.Comment:Tl.6Response:Itisassumedthatthis"energybudgeting"meanstheconsiderationofenergyconsumedindevelopingandoperatingeachalternativepowersourceincomparisontotheenergyproducedbythesource.Thistypeofanalysisisnotconsideredausefulexerciseandhasnotbeenaddedtotheprogram.Energy,justlikeconcrete,steelormanpower,isaninputintheconstructionandoperationofaproject.Thevalueofallinputsisreflectedintheconstructionandoperationcostestimates.Similarly,thevalueofenergyoutputisreflectedinthecalculationofprojectbenefits.ThePOSdoesnotgivesufficientattentiontosystem-widecostswithandwithouttheSusitnaProject.Response:Subtask1.04,SelectionofViableExpansionSequences,hasasitsobjectivethedeterminationoftotalsystemcostswithandwithoutSusitnaforalternativeloadranges.Thedescriptionofthissubtaskhasbeenwrittentoclarifytheemphasiswhichwillbeplacedonthisimportantissue.Theveryrealcostsofenvironmentalconsequencescannotalwaysbemeasuredindollars.Thus,Subtask1.05isdesignedtoprovideameasureofimpactsassociatedwithapparentleastcostapproachestosatisfyingfuturedemand.Task2 -SurveysandSiteFacilitiesT2.1Comment:Thereisinadequateattentiontothelogisticsofgettingstudyteamsintothefield.Response:Thepointiswelltaken.Subsequenttothepreparationof4-10Response:Subtask1.03,IdentificationofPowerAlternatives,includesevaluationoflocallyorientedanddecentralizedpowersystems,includingthosewhichwouldutilizerenewableresources.Thecostperunitofelectricalenergyprovidedbyeachwillbedetermined.Subtask1.04,SelectionofViableExpansionSequences,willdeterminethetotalsystemcostswithandwithoutSusitnaandwillproduceapparentoptimumprograms(includingcombinationsofdecentralizedcontributors)forvariousdemandranges.ImpactassessmentsunderSubtask1.05willcomparetheenvironmentalconsequencesofdevelopingsuchapparentoptimums.AnimportantAlternativePowerSourceRiskAnalysiswillbeconductedinSubtask11.03,andtheconsequencesandprobabilitiesofpowerinterruptionsfromdecentralizedvs.largecentralizedsystemswillbeeva1uated.Tl.5Comment:AnoverallenergybudgetshouldbeconsideredforallalternativestotheSusitnaProject.Comment:Tl.6Response:Itisassumedthatthis"energybudgeting"meanstheconsiderationofenergyconsumedindevelopingandoperatingeachalternativepowersourceincomparisontotheenergyproducedbythesource.Thistypeofanalysisisnotconsideredausefulexerciseandhasnotbeenaddedtotheprogram.Energy,justlikeconcrete,steelormanpower,isaninputintheconstructionandoperationofaproject.Thevalueofallinputsisreflectedintheconstructionandoperationcostestimates.Similarly,thevalueofenergyoutputisreflectedinthecalculationofprojectbenefits.ThePOSdoesnotgivesufficientattentiontosystem-widecostswithandwithouttheSusitnaProject.Response:Subtask1.04,SelectionofViableExpansionSequences,hasasitsobjectivethedeterminationoftotalsystemcostswithandwithoutSusitnaforalternativeloadranges.Thedescriptionofthissubtaskhasbeenwrittentoclarifytheemphasiswhichwillbeplacedonthisimportantissue.Theveryrealcostsofenvironmentalconsequencescannotalwaysbemeasuredindollars.Thus,Subtask1.05isdesignedtoprovideameasureofimpactsassociatedwithapparentleastcostapproachestosatisfyingfuturedemand.Task2 -SurveysandSiteFacilitiesT2.1Comment:Thereisinadequateattentiontothelogisticsofgettingstudyteamsintothefield.Response:Thepointiswelltaken.Subsequenttothepreparationof4-10 T2.2Comment:theoriginalPOS,anumberofactivitieshavetakenplace.TheLogisticalPlan(SectionAS)hasbeenrevisedtoexpanddescriptionsoffieldsupportactivitiesandnewlyaddedPlatesA.S.1andA.S.2providesomefurtherinformationastocamplocationandlayout.TheoriginalPOShadforeseentheconstructionofanairfieldearlyinthefirstyearoffieldwork.ThisnewversionofthePOSnowincludesanewSubtask2.03,ResupplyandEmergencyService,whichprovidesforhelicoptersupportanddefersairfieldconstruction--perhapstothetimethatalicenseisawardedbyFERC.Itisplannedthatacoordinatoroflogisticefforts,includingbothpersonneltransportationandcampresupply,willbedesignatedpriortothetimethatthecampopens.Nonetheless,logisticalproblemsassociatedwithaccessandegressinaremoteregionwillrequireandreceivecontinuedattentionofProjectManagementthroughoutthecourseoftheStudy.ThePOSisweakinevaluationofexistingdataandlacksspecificjustificationforundertakingnewdataprograms.(ThiscommentalsoappliestoTasks3,4and5.)Response:WithrespecttoSiteSurveys,theproposedprogramhasbeenformulatedbyAcresafterassessmentofalltheexistingsurveyinformationwhichisavailabletoAcres.TheproposedprogramisconsideredtheminimumnecessaryforFERClicenseapplication.ThedatacollectionprogramsdescribedinTasks3,4,and5willbetailoredtoprovidethedatanotalreadyavailablefrompreviousinvestigatorsorotherresources.Subtasks3.01(ReviewofAvailableMaterial),4.01(ReviewofAvailableData)and5.01(DataCollectionandReview)havebeenspecificallyincludedinthePOStoprovideabasisfordevelopmentofcost-effectivedatacollectionprograms.Inshort,everyeffortwi11bemadetoensurethatadvantagehasbeentakenofworkbyothers.Task3 -HydrologyT3.1Comment:ThePOSrequiresmoreemphasisonhydrologicalandclimatologicaldatacollectionprograms.Response:Therelativedearthofhydrologicalandclimatologicaldataisamatterofconcern.PlatesT3.1andT3.2offergraphicdepictionsofproposeddatacollectionstations.Inaddition,theoriginalPOSwasdeficientinthatitdidnotproperlyaccountforimportanthydrologicalstudiesintheLowerSusitnaRiver.Subtask3.10hasbeenaddedtothenewPOStoprovideforsuchwork.4-11T2.2Comment:theoriginalPOS,anumberofactivitieshavetakenplace.TheLogisticalPlan(SectionAS)hasbeenrevisedtoexpanddescriptionsoffieldsupportactivitiesandnewlyaddedPlatesA.S.1andA.S.2providesomefurtherinformationastocamplocationandlayout.TheoriginalPOShadforeseentheconstructionofanairfieldearlyinthefirstyearoffieldwork.ThisnewversionofthePOSnowincludesanewSubtask2.03,ResupplyandEmergencyService,whichprovidesforhelicoptersupportanddefersairfieldconstruction--perhapstothetimethatalicenseisawardedbyFERC.Itisplannedthatacoordinatoroflogisticefforts,includingbothpersonneltransportationandcampresupply,willbedesignatedpriortothetimethatthecampopens.Nonetheless,logisticalproblemsassociatedwithaccessandegressinaremoteregionwillrequireandreceivecontinuedattentionofProjectManagementthroughoutthecourseoftheStudy.ThePOSisweakinevaluationofexistingdataandlacksspecificjustificationforundertakingnewdataprograms.(ThiscommentalsoappliestoTasks3,4and5.)Response:WithrespecttoSiteSurveys,theproposedprogramhasbeenformulatedbyAcresafterassessmentofalltheexistingsurveyinformationwhichisavailabletoAcres.TheproposedprogramisconsideredtheminimumnecessaryforFERClicenseapplication.ThedatacollectionprogramsdescribedinTasks3,4,and5willbetailoredtoprovidethedatanotalreadyavailablefrompreviousinvestigatorsorotherresources.Subtasks3.01(ReviewofAvailableMaterial),4.01(ReviewofAvailableData)and5.01(DataCollectionandReview)havebeenspecificallyincludedinthePOStoprovideabasisfordevelopmentofcost-effectivedatacollectionprograms.Inshort,everyeffortwi11bemadetoensurethatadvantagehasbeentakenofworkbyothers.Task3 -HydrologyT3.1Comment:ThePOSrequiresmoreemphasisonhydrologicalandclimatologicaldatacollectionprograms.Response:Therelativedearthofhydrologicalandclimatologicaldataisamatterofconcern.PlatesT3.1andT3.2offergraphicdepictionsofproposeddatacollectionstations.Inaddition,theoriginalPOSwasdeficientinthatitdidnotproperlyaccountforimportanthydrologicalstudiesintheLowerSusitnaRiver.Subtask3.10hasbeenaddedtothenewPOStoprovideforsuchwork.4-11 T3.2SeeT2.2Task4 -SeismicStudiesT4.1Comment:ThePOSrequiresasthoroughaseismicstudyaspossible.T4.2Comment:Response:Agreed.Comprehensiveandthoroughseismicstudiesareabsolutelyessential.TheentiretyofTask4isconcernedwiththisvitalissue.Evenso,therisksarejudgedtobeofsuchsignificancethattheproposedexternalreviewpanelistobeprovidedwithasumof$1,000,000forapplicationonthosefurtherstudiesdeemednecessarytoconfirmtheadequacyofseismicinvestigationsaswellastoundertakesuchotherconfirmatoryoradditionalworkasmayberequiredtoacceptconfidentlyortorefutestudyfindings.ThePOSshouldincludethedelineationofareassubjecttofloodingduetoseismicallyinduceddamfailures.Response:Theconcernislegitimateandmustbeaddressedbeforeaprojectiseverconstructed.Duringthefirst30months,downstreamhydrologywillbestudiedunderTask3andaerialphotographyandmappingwilltakeplaceasapartofTask2.OnceadevelopmentconceptbeginstoemergeunderTask6,BasePlanRiskAnalysisunderSubtask11.04willassesstheprobabilitiesandconsequencesofseismicfailuresandotherpossiblerisks.Subtask11.05providesforextensionandrevisionofthisinitialBasePlanRiskAnalysis.OncealicenseapplicationtoFERChasbeenmade,follow-onworkduringthelicensingprocessingperiodwillincludethesuggestedaerialdelineation.T4.3SeeT2.2Task5 -GeotechnicalExplorationT5.1SeeT2.2Task6 -DesignDevelopmentComment:T6.1Task6isveryambitiousandmaynotbeattainablewithintheproposedtimeframe.Response:ItisagreedthatconsiderableworkinTask6mustbe4-12T3.2SeeT2.2Task4-SeismicStudiesT4.1Comment:ThePOSrequiresasthoroughaseismicstudyaspossible.T4.2Comment:Response:Agreed.Comprehensiveandthoroughseismicstudiesareabsolutelyessential.TheentiretyofTask4isconcernedwiththisvitalissue.Evenso,therisksarejudgedtobeofsuchsignificancethattheproposedexternalreviewpanelistobeprovidedwithasumof$1,000,000forapplicationonthosefurtherstudiesdeemednecessarytoconfirmtheadequacyofseismicinvestigationsaswellastoundertakesuchotherconfirmatoryoradditionalworkasmayberequiredtoacceptconfidentlyortorefutestudyfindings.ThePOSshouldincludethedelineationofareassubjecttofloodingduetoseismicallyinduceddamfailures.Response:Theconcernislegitimateandmustbeaddressedbeforeaprojectiseverconstructed.Duringthefirst30months,downstreamhydrologywillbestudiedunderTask3andaerialphotographyandmappingwilltakeplaceasapartofTask2.OnceadevelopmentconceptbeginstoemergeunderTask6,BasePlanRiskAnalysisunderSubtask11.04willassesstheprobabilitiesandconsequencesofseismicfailuresandotherpossiblerisks.Subtask11.05providesforextensionandrevisionofthisinitialBasePlanRiskAnalysis.OncealicenseapplicationtoFERChasbeenmade,follow-onworkduringthelicensingprocessingperiodwillincludethesuggestedaerialdelineation.T4.3SeeT2.2Task5-GeotechnicalExplorationT5.1SeeT2.2Task6-DesignDevelopmentComment:T6.1Task6isveryambitiousandmaynotbeattainablewithintheproposedtimeframe.Response:ItisagreedthatconsiderableworkinTask6mustbe4-12 completedinafairlyshortspanoftime.Evenso,AcresassertsthatitcanbeaccomplishedtothedegreeofdetailnecessaryforFERClicenseapplication,providedtherequisitefieldprogramsareaccomplished.Itmustberememberedthattheeffortwi11notbeaimedatproducingdetaileddesigns,butrathertoinvestigatevariousalternativeprojectarrangementstoensurethattheoptimalplansareselected.Thelevelofdetailnecessaryatthisstageisreflectedintheman-timeandcostestimatesforthistask.Oncealicenseapplicationhasbeensubmitted,detaileddesigncancommence.Thedegreeofurgencyassociatedwithexpeditingsucheffort(seethe"FastTrack"approachinSectionA6)willlargelybedeterminedasaresultofthecompletionofTask1,PowerStudies.Task7 -EnvironmentalStudiesT7.1Commentsreceivedbyvariousenvironmentalagencieshavebeendiscussedatlengthwiththoseagencies,notablyADF&GandF&WS.ThePOShasbeenextensivelymodifiedtoreflectthesediscussions.AsmaybenotedinreviewofthemodifiedPOS,Task7,EnvironmentalStudies,hasmorethandoubledintermsoftextdealingwithitsdescriptionandtheresourcesdevotedtothetaskhavebeenincreasedfrom$4.8millionto$6.6million.Task8 -TransmissionT8.1Comment:Insufficientattentionhasbeenfocusedonthetransmissionsystemanditsenvironmentalimpacts.Response:ItisconsideredthatthePOSascurrentlyproposedisadequatetocovertransmissionaspectspriortoFERClicensesubmission.ConsiderationwillbegiventoanyadditionalenvironmentalstudieswarrantedduringtheperiodfollowingsubmissionoftheFERClicenseapplication.APAhasalsoinitiatedotherstudiesinconnectionwiththetransmissionintertie.AsmaybenotedinSubtask7.09,anumberofearlierstudiesaddressinganintertiebetweenAnchorageandFairbankswithorwithoutSusitnahavealreadybeenconducted.AsstatedincommentT2.2above,existingdatawillbeusedtothemaximumextentpossibletoavoidincurringunnecessarycostsforredundantwork.AstransmissionlinestudiesproceedunderTask8,thepublic4-13completedinafairlyshortspanoftime.Evenso,AcresassertsthatitcanbeaccomplishedtothedegreeofdetailnecessaryforFERClicenseapplication,providedtherequisitefieldprogramsareaccomplished.Itmustberememberedthattheeffortwi11notbeaimedatproducingdetaileddesigns,butrathertoinvestigatevariousalternativeprojectarrangementstoensurethattheoptimalplansareselected.Thelevelofdetailnecessaryatthisstageisreflectedintheman-timeandcostestimatesforthistask.Oncealicenseapplicationhasbeensubmitted,detaileddesigncancommence.Thedegreeofurgencyassociatedwithexpeditingsucheffort(seethe"FastTrack"approachinSectionA6)willlargelybedeterminedasaresultofthecompletionofTask1,PowerStudies.Task7 -EnvironmentalStudiesT7.1Commentsreceivedbyvariousenvironmentalagencieshavebeendiscussedatlengthwiththoseagencies,notablyADF&GandF&WS.ThePOShasbeenextensivelymodifiedtoreflectthesediscussions.AsmaybenotedinreviewofthemodifiedPOS,Task7,EnvironmentalStudies,hasmorethandoubledintermsoftextdealingwithitsdescriptionandtheresourcesdevotedtothetaskhavebeenincreasedfrom$4.8millionto$6.6million.Task8 -TransmissionT8.1Comment:Insufficientattentionhasbeenfocusedonthetransmissionsystemanditsenvironmentalimpacts.Response:ItisconsideredthatthePOSascurrentlyproposedisadequatetocovertransmissionaspectspriortoFERClicensesubmission.ConsiderationwillbegiventoanyadditionalenvironmentalstudieswarrantedduringtheperiodfollowingsubmissionoftheFERClicenseapplication.APAhasalsoinitiatedotherstudiesinconnectionwiththetransmissionintertie.AsmaybenotedinSubtask7.09,anumberofearlierstudiesaddressinganintertiebetweenAnchorageandFairbankswithorwithoutSusitnahavealreadybeenconducted.AsstatedincommentT2.2above,existingdatawillbeusedtothemaximumextentpossibletoavoidincurringunnecessarycostsforredundantwork.AstransmissionlinestudiesproceedunderTask8,thepublic4-13 wi11bekeptinformedastoprogressandpreliminaryfindings.Furthermore,toallayconcerninthisregard,thepreliminaryresultsofSubtask8.01,TransmissionLineCorridorScreening,willbeavailableforconsiderationatthesecondpublicmeetingscheduledinearly1981.Shouldtheinitialperceptionofinsufficiencyofattentionstillexistatthattime,thematterwillbereviewed;and,ifnecessary,thelevelofeffortwillbeincreased.Task10-LicensingNocomments.Task11-FinancingNocomments.Task12-PublicParticipationH2.1Comment:ThereisaneedforpublicinvolvementbeforethePOSisfinalized.HZ.2Comment:Response:ThissecondeditionofthePOSisbeingwidelydistributedforpub1icscrutinyandcomment.Thepub1icmeeting_scheduledtotakeplaceinearlyMarchwillprovideanopportunityforstrongpublicinvolvement.Indeed,noportionofthePOSwillberegardedashavingbeen"finalized"untilthatportionoftheprogramhasbeencompleted.ThePOSshouldmostcertainlybeadynamicdocument;anditwillchangethroughoutthecourseofthework,bothbecausetechnicaleffortsinoneSubtaskwillinfluencetheapproachtothenextandbecausepublicinput,particularlythroughtheunique"ActionList"program(seeSubtask12.05),willproducemeaningfulchanges.Thereisaneedforanindependentpublicinvolvementprogram.Response:Thepublicparticipationprogramhasbeenmodifiedinresponsetothiscomment.TheAlaskaPowerAuthorityhasengagedapublicparticipationofficerandstaffandwillberesponsibleforitsmanagement.Acreswillsupporttheprogramthroughitsinvolvementinallpublicmeetingsandworkshops,technicalinputsforactionlistworkandfor4-14wi11bekeptinformedastoprogressandpreliminaryfindings.Furthermore,toallayconcerninthisregard,thepreliminaryresultsofSubtask8.01,TransmissionLineCorridorScreening,willbeavailableforconsiderationatthesecondpublicmeetingscheduledinearly1981.Shouldtheinitialperceptionofinsufficiencyofattentionstillexistatthattime,thematterwillbereviewed;and,ifnecessary,thelevelofeffortwillbeincreased.Task10-LicensingNocomments.Task11-FinancingNocomments.Task12-PublicParticipationH2.1Comment:ThereisaneedforpublicinvolvementbeforethePOSisfinalized.HZ.2Comment:Response:ThissecondeditionofthePOSisbeingwidelydistributedforpub1icscrutinyandcomment.Thepub1icmeeting_scheduledtotakeplaceinearlyMarchwillprovideanopportunityforstrongpublicinvolvement.Indeed,noportionofthePOSwillberegardedashavingbeen"finalized"untilthatportionoftheprogramhasbeencompleted.ThePOSshouldmostcertainlybeadynamicdocument;anditwillchangethroughoutthecourseofthework,bothbecausetechnicaleffortsinoneSubtaskwillinfluencetheapproachtothenextandbecausepublicinput,particularlythroughtheunique"ActionList"program(seeSubtask12.05),willproducemeaningfulchanges.Thereisaneedforanindependentpublicinvolvementprogram.Response:Thepublicparticipationprogramhasbeenmodifiedinresponsetothiscomment.TheAlaskaPowerAuthorityhasengagedapublicparticipationofficerandstaffandwillberesponsibleforitsmanagement.Acreswillsupporttheprogramthroughitsinvolvementinallpublicmeetingsandworkshops,technicalinputsforactionlistworkandfor4-14 H2.3Comment:H2.4Comment:variousprojectbrochures,andinotherwaysasdesiredbyAPA.ItisconsideredinappropriatetomaketheprogramindependentofAPAitself,sincesuchanapproachwouldtendtolimitimportantdailyinteractionbetweenprojectandpublicparticipationstaffs.Thereisaneedtodemonstratehowpublicinputisaffectingtheplanofstudyaswellasfuturedecisions.Response:Subtask12.05(PrepareandMaintainActionList)hasbeendevisedtoimplementthisrequirement.MaintenanceoftheActionListwillprovideapositivesystemforensuringallissuesareaddressed,topermitup-to-datestatusreportsonprogressandproceduresforaddressingissues,andtoensurethatallnecessaryactionsarisingfromthepublicparticipationprogramareassignedbynametoteammembers.Theproposed"actionlist"isadmittedlynewanduntried.Evenso,APAiscommittedtomakingeveryreasonableefforttoensureitssuccess.Thereiseveryreasontobelievethatitwillmostcertainlydemonstratehowpublicinputisaffectingtheplanofstudyaswellasfuturedecisions.ThePOSdoesnotconsideranadequatedegreeofcoordina-tionwiththeMatanuska-SusitnaBorough.Response:Agreed.ThefirstversionofthePOSdidrefertoBoroughinterests,buttheemphasiswasnotsufficientlystrong.Subtask7.05,SocioeconomicAnalysisnowprovidesforcoordinationwiththeMatanuska-SusitnaBorough.OtherspecificcontactsandcoordinationwiththeMatanuska-SusitnaBorougharenotedinSubtasks7.07,LandUseAnalysisandSectionA8,LogisticalPlan.CoordinationbetweenAcresandMr.L.H.Kimball,DirectoroftheDivisionofCommunityPlanning,andwiththeMatanuska-SusitnaBoroughisplanned.H2.5Comment:TofurtherensureinputfromthevantagepointoftheBorough,atleastonepublicmeetingwillbescheduledtotakeplaceinthePalmer/Wasillaarea.ThetimeframeofthestudyistooshortforpublicdiscussionandinputonalternativestotheSusitnaproject.Response:Thetimeframeisshort,butanumberofmeasuresareprovidedtosatisfypublicparticipationneeds.TheproposedPOSincludesthreepublicmeetingsandeightworkshopsoverthe3D-monthstudyperiod.ThefirstpublicmeetinginMarch1980willprovideanopportunityforthepublictorecommendhowalternativesshouldbestudied,andthesecondinearly1981willprovidefor4-15H2.3Comment:H2.4Comment:variousprojectbrochures,andinotherwaysasdesiredbyAPA.ItisconsideredinappropriatetomaketheprogramindependentofAPAitself,sincesuchanapproachwouldtendtolimitimportantdailyinteractionbetweenprojectandpublicparticipationstaffs.Thereisaneedtodemonstratehowpublicinputisaffectingtheplanofstudyaswellasfuturedecisions.Response:Subtask12.05(PrepareandMaintainActionList)hasbeendevisedtoimplementthisrequirement.MaintenanceoftheActionListwillprovideapositivesystemforensuringallissuesareaddressed,topermitup-to-datestatusreportsonprogressandproceduresforaddressingissues,andtoensurethatallnecessaryactionsarisingfromthepublicparticipationprogramareassignedbynametoteammembers.Theproposed"actionlist"isadmittedlynewanduntried.Evenso,APAiscommittedtomakingeveryreasonableefforttoensureitssuccess.Thereiseveryreasontobelievethatitwillmostcertainlydemonstratehowpublicinputisaffectingtheplanofstudyaswellasfuturedecisions.ThePOSdoesnotconsideranadequatedegreeofcoordina-tionwiththeMatanuska-SusitnaBorough.Response:Agreed.ThefirstversionofthePOSdidrefertoBoroughinterests,buttheemphasiswasnotsufficientlystrong.Subtask7.05,SocioeconomicAnalysisnowprovidesforcoordinationwiththeMatanuska-SusitnaBorough.OtherspecificcontactsandcoordinationwiththeMatanuska-SusitnaBorougharenotedinSubtasks7.07,LandUseAnalysisandSectionA8,LogisticalPlan.CoordinationbetweenAcresandMr.L.H.Kimball,DirectoroftheDivisionofCommunityPlanning,andwiththeMatanuska-SusitnaBoroughisplanned.H2.5Comment:TofurtherensureinputfromthevantagepointoftheBorough,atleastonepublicmeetingwillbescheduledtotakeplaceinthePalmer/Wasillaarea.ThetimeframeofthestudyistooshortforpublicdiscussionandinputonalternativestotheSusitnaproject.Response:Thetimeframeisshort,butanumberofmeasuresareprovidedtosatisfypublicparticipationneeds.TheproposedPOSincludesthreepublicmeetingsandeightworkshopsoverthe3D-monthstudyperiod.ThefirstpublicmeetinginMarch1980willprovideanopportunityforthepublictorecommendhowalternativesshouldbestudied,andthesecondinearly1981willprovidefor4-15 publiccommentonthePowerAlternativesStudytobecompletedunderSubtask1.06.Betweenthesetwoevents,severalworkshopshavebeenscheduledandinterestedmembersofthepublicareinvitedtoobserveandtooffercommentsatthosetimes.Inaddition,informationmaterialsproducedinSubtask12.04willprovideforpublicreviewofongoingworkinthealternativesstudy.Publicinputwillbeacceptedandacteduponthroughoutthecourseofthework.Tofurtherenhanceopportunitiesforpublicdiscussionsandinput,afulltimepowersystemsplannerwillnowbeincludedonthestaffoftheAcresProjectOfficeinAnchorage.Hewillbeavailableforlocalresponsetoquestionsandcomments.Hisattendanceasaninvitedspeakerorparticipantinothergatheringsdealingwiththissubjectisalsoplanned.Task13-AdministrationT13.1Comment:ThereareconsiderablemanagementproblemsinherentincoordinatingasmanystudyparticipantsasareincludedinAcresPOS.Response:Thepointiswelltaken.ToprovideforheavyAlaskaninvolvementaswellastoensurethathighlyqualifiedfirmsareusedfortasksdemandinggreatexpertise,alargeteamhasbeenassembled.ExtensiveproceduresaredescribedinTask13formanagement,control,andcoordinationofdiverseconcurrentactivities.Evenso,thetaskwillnotbeaneasyone.Fortunately,however,Acresoffersexperienceinmanaginglargeteamsinthesuccessfulcompletionofgiantprojectsinsub-arcticregions.Inaddition,heavyreliancewillbeplacedontheskillsandknowledgeofFrankMoolin&Associates(whoseTransAlaskaPipelineSystemmanagementexperienceissubstantial).GeneralCommentsonthePOSComment:G.1The30-monthtimeframeofthestudyistooshortandshouldprovideamechanismforreview,redirectionandcontinuationofselectedprojectspost-FERClicenseapplication.Response:Itisclearthatstudyeffortshouldnotterminateuponsubmissionofthelicenseapplication.Indeed,certaincriticaltasks,particularlyintheenvironmentalarea,4-16publiccommentonthePowerAlternativesStudytobecompletedunderSubtask1.06.Betweenthesetwoevents,severalworkshopshavebeenscheduledandinterestedmembersofthepublicareinvitedtoobserveandtooffercommentsatthosetimes.Inaddition,informationmaterialsproducedinSubtask12.04willprovideforpublicreviewofongoingworkinthealternativesstudy.Publicinputwillbeacceptedandacteduponthroughoutthecourseofthework.Tofurtherenhanceopportunitiesforpublicdiscussionsandinput,afulltimepowersystemsplannerwillnowbeincludedonthestaffoftheAcresProjectOfficeinAnchorage.Hewillbeavailableforlocalresponsetoquestionsandcomments.Hisattendanceasaninvitedspeakerorparticipantinothergatheringsdealingwiththissubjectisalsoplanned.Task13-AdministrationT13.1Comment:ThereareconsiderablemanagementproblemsinherentincoordinatingasmanystudyparticipantsasareincludedinAcresPOS.Response:Thepointiswelltaken.ToprovideforheavyAlaskaninvolvementaswellastoensurethathighlyqualifiedfirmsareusedfortasksdemandinggreatexpertise,alargeteamhasbeenassembled.ExtensiveproceduresaredescribedinTask13formanagement,control,andcoordinationofdiverseconcurrentactivities.Evenso,thetaskwillnotbeaneasyone.Fortunately,however,Acresoffersexperienceinmanaginglargeteamsinthesuccessfulcompletionofgiantprojectsinsub-arcticregions.Inaddition,heavyreliancewillbeplacedontheskillsandknowledgeofFrankMoolin&Associates(whoseTransAlaskaPipelineSystemmanagementexperienceissubstantial).GeneralCommentsonthePOSComment:G.1The30-monthtimeframeofthestudyistooshortandshouldprovideamechanismforreview,redirectionandcontinuationofselectedprojectspost-FERClicenseapplication.Response:Itisclearthatstudyeffortshouldnotterminateuponsubmissionofthelicenseapplication.Indeed,certaincriticaltasks,particularlyintheenvironmentalarea,4-16 Comment:G.2mustcontinueifalicenseisevertobeawarded.SectionA6,Post-LicenseApplicationSubmissionActivities,hasbeenrevisedsothatthisnewPOSnowclearlydistinguishesbetweenthoseactivitieswhichwouldberequirediftheprojectweretobeexpedited("FastTrack")andthosenecessaryonlytosatisfyFERCneeds(LicenseOnly").SomeadditionstoSectionA6alsoincludeexpandeddescriptionsandlevelofeffortintheevnironmentalareaandincreasedactivityfordownstreamflowstudies.Priortocompletionofthefirst30monthsofwork,itmaybereasonablyanticipatedthatadetailedPlanofStudyforthefollowingphasewillbeprepared.Suchadocumentwillprovideforthesuggestedmechanism.Interagencycoordinatingmechanismsneedtoberefinedwithcleardelineationofhowinformationfromthevariousdisciplineswillbesynthesized.Response:NewsubtaskshavebeenaddedtoTask13totakespecificcognizanceoftheneedforinteragencycoordinatingmechanisms.Subtask13.11,ADF&GSupport,hasbeenpreparedtoprovideforcontinuousdailycontactandcoordinationwiththatAgencybylocatingkeyADF&Gpersonnelwithintheproposedprojectoffice.Subtask13.10,ProjectOfficeOperation,includestheproceduresforeffectinginteragencycoordination.Theseprocedureswillbeincorporatedintoanoverallprojectproceduresmanualwhichwillbecometheguideforusebyallprojectpersonnel.Appropriateportionsoftheproposedmanualwillbemadeavailableforcommentbythosewithwhomcoordinationistobeeffected,andthemanualwillbeupdatedfromtimetotimetoensurethatitprovidesforsatisfactionofallcoordinatingrequirements.G.3Comment:Thereisaneedforaformalinteragencyreviewcommittee.Response:Agreed.AsofthetimeofpreparationofthisversionofthePOS,aformalinteragencyreviewcommitteeisbeingformed.Itisanticipatedthat,bythetimeofthefirstpublicmeetinginearlyMarch,detailswillbeavailableastoitscompositionandfunctions.Subtask12.03alsoprovidesforatotalofeightscheduledcoordinationworksessionsforinteragencydiscussionsandresolutionofimportantissues.G.4Comment:Itisadvisabletoseparatetheplanninganddesignresponsibilities..Response:ThecontractwhichAPAandAcreshaveenteredintoprovidesonlyforthepreparationofafeasibilitystudyandlicenseapplicationtotheFERC.NocommitmenttoAcreshasbeenmadebeyondthisinitialplanningstage,sothatAPAretainstheoptionofengaginganotherconsulting4-17Comment:G.2mustcontinueifalicenseisevertobeawarded.SectionA6,Post-LicenseApplicationSubmissionActivities,hasbeenrevisedsothatthisnewPOSnowclearlydistinguishesbetweenthoseactivitieswhichwouldberequirediftheprojectweretobeexpedited("FastTrack")andthosenecessaryonlytosatisfyFERCneeds(LicenseOnly").SomeadditionstoSectionA6alsoincludeexpandeddescriptionsandlevelofeffortintheevnironmentalareaandincreasedactivityfordownstreamflowstudies.Priortocompletionofthefirst30monthsofwork,itmaybereasonablyanticipatedthatadetailedPlanofStudyforthefollowingphasewillbeprepared.Suchadocumentwillprovideforthesuggestedmechanism.Interagencycoordinatingmechanismsneedtoberefinedwithcleardelineationofhowinformationfromthevariousdisciplineswillbesynthesized.Response:NewsubtaskshavebeenaddedtoTask13totakespecificcognizanceoftheneedforinteragencycoordinatingmechanisms.Subtask13.11,ADF&GSupport,hasbeenpreparedtoprovideforcontinuousdailycontactandcoordinationwiththatAgencybylocatingkeyADF&Gpersonnelwithintheproposedprojectoffice.Subtask13.10,ProjectOfficeOperation,includestheproceduresforeffectinginteragencycoordination.Theseprocedureswillbeincorporatedintoanoverallprojectproceduresmanualwhichwillbecometheguideforusebyallprojectpersonnel.Appropriateportionsoftheproposedmanualwillbemadeavailableforcommentbythosewithwhomcoordinationistobeeffected,andthemanualwillbeupdatedfromtimetotimetoensurethatitprovidesforsatisfactionofallcoordinatingrequirements.G.3Comment:Thereisaneedforaformalinteragencyreviewcommittee.Response:Agreed.AsofthetimeofpreparationofthisversionofthePOS,aformalinteragencyreviewcommitteeisbeingformed.Itisanticipatedthat,bythetimeofthefirstpublicmeetinginearlyMarch,detailswillbeavailableastoitscompositionandfunctions.Subtask12.03alsoprovidesforatotalofeightscheduledcoordinationworksessionsforinteragencydiscussionsandresolutionofimportantissues.G.4Comment:Itisadvisabletoseparatetheplanninganddesignresponsibilities..Response:ThecontractwhichAPAandAcreshaveenteredintoprovidesonlyforthepreparationofafeasibilitystudyandlicenseapplicationtotheFERC.NocommitmenttoAcreshasbeenmadebeyondthisinitialplanningstage,sothatAPAretainstheoptionofengaginganotherconsulting4-17 G.5Comment:orgovernmentagencytoprovidedetaileddesignandconstructionmanagement.Evenso,costandscheduleimplicationswillariseifachangeismadeattheendofthefirst30monthsofwork.Thetimeandassociatedcostsinvolvedin"gettinguptospeed"andreviewingallpreviousactivitiesandconceptspriortoundertakingdetaileddesigncouldbesignificantiftheservicesofAcresareterminatedatthatstage.TheseandotherconsiderationswillbetakenintoaccountbytheAPABoardwhenitformu1atesareso1utionata 1aterdateonhowbesttoproceed.ThereisaneedtotailorthePOStotheneedsofthedecisionmaker.Comment:G.6Response:Allinformationdevelopedinthestudywillbedocumentedintheformofsummaryandcomprehensivereportswhichwillbeinthemostappropriateformforefficientusebydecisionmakers.Inaddition,Task11,MarketingandFinancing,providesforthepreparationofaprojectoverviewdocumentationwhichisintendedtoassistthedecisionmakerinassessingdiverseaspectsofthework.Indeed,thisrelativelyrecentinnovationinsupportofgiantprojectsisintendedtoplaceallthetechnical,commercial,economic,financial,contractual,environmental,andotheraspectsinproperperspectiveandtodemonstratehowvitalproblemsarebeingaddressed.TheintroductiontoTask11andSubtask11.01providesfurtherdetailsonprojectoverviewdocumentation.Theremustbeanacknowledgementofthestateliabilityprogram.Response:ThecontractbetweenAPAandAcreswasreviewed,priortoitsexecution,bylegalconsultantstotheAPABoardaswellasbyStateagenciesconcernedwiththesematters.Changesweremadetooriginaldrafts,andthefinalcontractisconsistentwithallthecommentsreceivedduringitspreparation.G.?Comment:Theoverallprogramisveryambitiousandmaynotbecompletedintheproposedtimeframe.Response:AcreshasassuredAPAthat,whilethestudywillrequireagreatdealofhardwork,theprogramcanbeaccomplishedintheproposedtimeframeprovidedunforeseencircum-stancesdonotarise.Achievementoftheprogramgoals,however,willrequirecontinuedcooperationfromallconcernedagenciesandorganizationsaswellasfromtheinterestedpublic.4-18G.5Comment:orgovernmentagencytoprovidedetaileddesignandconstructionmanagement.Evenso,costandscheduleimplicationswillariseifachangeismadeattheendofthefirst30monthsofwork.Thetimeandassociatedcostsinvolvedin"gettinguptospeed"andreviewingallpreviousactivitiesandconceptspriortoundertakingdetaileddesigncouldbesignificantiftheservicesofAcresareterminatedatthatstage.TheseandotherconsiderationswillbetakenintoaccountbytheAPABoardwhenitformu1atesareso1utionata 1aterdateonhowbesttoproceed.ThereisaneedtotailorthePOStotheneedsofthedecisionmaker.Comment:G.6Response:Allinformationdevelopedinthestudywillbedocumentedintheformofsummaryandcomprehensivereportswhichwillbeinthemostappropriateformforefficientusebydecisionmakers.Inaddition,Task11,MarketingandFinancing,providesforthepreparationofaprojectoverviewdocumentationwhichisintendedtoassistthedecisionmakerinassessingdiverseaspectsofthework.Indeed,thisrelativelyrecentinnovationinsupportofgiantprojectsisintendedtoplaceallthetechnical,commercial,economic,financial,contractual,environmental,andotheraspectsinproperperspectiveandtodemonstratehowvitalproblemsarebeingaddressed.TheintroductiontoTask11andSubtask11.01providesfurtherdetailsonprojectoverviewdocumentation.Theremustbeanacknowledgementofthestateliabilityprogram.Response:ThecontractbetweenAPAandAcreswasreviewed,priortoitsexecution,bylegalconsultantstotheAPABoardaswellasbyStateagenciesconcernedwiththesematters.Changesweremadetooriginaldrafts,andthefinalcontractisconsistentwithallthecommentsreceivedduringitspreparation.G.?Comment:Theoverallprogramisveryambitiousandmaynotbecompletedintheproposedtimeframe.Response:AcreshasassuredAPAthat,whilethestudywillrequireagreatdealofhardwork,theprogramcanbeaccomplishedintheproposedtimeframeprovidedunforeseencircum-stancesdonotarise.Achievementoftheprogramgoals,however,willrequirecontinuedcooperationfromallconcernedagenciesandorganizationsaswellasfromtheinterestedpublic.4-18 2.2-VerbalCommentsAcreshasbeenprovidedthetranscriptsofthehearingonSeptember28,1979,ontheSusitnaFeasibilityStudysothatallcriticismsofAcres'proposalmaybeconsideredinarrivingatafinalversionofthePOS(seeTable1.2).SeveralofthesecommentshavealreadybeenaddressedinSection2.1above.Theremainderaresummarizedanddiscussedbelow.Task1 -PowerStudiesTl.7Comment:Averydetailed,comprehensivestudyofalternativesisnecessary.Tl.8Comment:Response:Task1,PowerStudies,hasbeenmodifiedtoincreaseeffortsassociatedwiththestudyofalternativesinthefollowingmanner:(1)AfulltimepowersystemsplanningengineerhasnowbeenincludedontheAnchorageProjectOfficestaff.(SeealsocommentTl.8below.)(2)Asummaryofactivitiestobeundertakenconcurrentlybyothers(particularlythePowerAlternativesStudycoordinatedbytheAlaskaHousePowerAlternativesCommittee)isincludedinparagraphA.5.2(v).Theserelatedstudieswillbecloselymonitored,andfindingswillbeconsideredorincorporatedintheSusitnaalternativesstudies.(3)Asearliermentioned,ISERwilldevelopprojectionsofpossiblefutureenergyconsumptiontrends.CoordinationoftheSusitnaworkeffortwiththeISERworkiscoveredinSubtask1.01(anewsubtask).Inaddition,Subtask11.03providesforanalternativePowerSourceRiskAnalysis.Acres'POSisinadequateintermsofassessingalternativestotheSusitnadevelopment.Response:Thepointiswelltaken,andchangeshavebeenmadetotheoriginalPOStoaccountforit.(SeecommentTl.7intheprecedingparagraph.)ThelevelofeffortforthemodifiedstudyofalternativesisintendedtoconfirmwhetherornottheSusitnadevelopmentshouldbepursuedtosupplythefuturegrowthindemandforelectricityinAlaska.ItshouldbenotedthatapowersystemsplanningengineerhasbeenassignedfulltimetotheProjectOfficeinAlaskaduringtheconductofalternativestudies.Thisrepresentsasignificantincreaseintheeffortoriginally4-192.2-VerbalCommentsAcreshasbeenprovidedthetranscriptsofthehearingonSeptember28,1979,ontheSusitnaFeasibilityStudysothatallcriticismsofAcres'proposalmaybeconsideredinarrivingatafinalversionofthePOS(seeTable1.2).SeveralofthesecommentshavealreadybeenaddressedinSection2.1above.Theremainderaresummarizedanddiscussedbelow.Task1 -PowerStudiesTl.7Comment:Averydetailed,comprehensivestudyofalternativesisnecessary.Tl.8Comment:Response:Task1,PowerStudies,hasbeenmodifiedtoincreaseeffortsassociatedwiththestudyofalternativesinthefollowingmanner:(1)AfulltimepowersystemsplanningengineerhasnowbeenincludedontheAnchorageProjectOfficestaff.(SeealsocommentTl.8below.)(2)Asummaryofactivitiestobeundertakenconcurrentlybyothers(particularlythePowerAlternativesStudycoordinatedbytheAlaskaHousePowerAlternativesCommittee)isincludedinparagraphA.5.2(v).Theserelatedstudieswillbecloselymonitored,andfindingswillbeconsideredorincorporatedintheSusitnaalternativesstudies.(3)Asearliermentioned,ISERwilldevelopprojectionsofpossiblefutureenergyconsumptiontrends.CoordinationoftheSusitnaworkeffortwiththeISERworkiscoveredinSubtask1.01(anewsubtask).Inaddition,Subtask11.03providesforanalternativePowerSourceRiskAnalysis.Acres'POSisinadequateintermsofassessingalternativestotheSusitnadevelopment.Response:Thepointiswelltaken,andchangeshavebeenmadetotheoriginalPOStoaccountforit.(SeecommentTl.7intheprecedingparagraph.)ThelevelofeffortforthemodifiedstudyofalternativesisintendedtoconfirmwhetherornottheSusitnadevelopmentshouldbepursuedtosupplythefuturegrowthindemandforelectricityinAlaska.ItshouldbenotedthatapowersystemsplanningengineerhasbeenassignedfulltimetotheProjectOfficeinAlaskaduringtheconductofalternativestudies.Thisrepresentsasignificantincreaseintheeffortoriginally4-19 T2.3Comment:plannedforalternativesstudiesandwillensurethatpubliccommentsorquestionscanbeaddressedatanytimeonthisimportantissue.Task2-SurveysandSiteFacilitiesTheavailabilityofthe"HighlanderLodge"locatedsomefivemilesfromtheDevilCanyonsiteshouldbeconsideredinprovidingcampsforthefieldprograms.Response:Useofexistingcampfacilitieswillbeconsidered.Allsuchfacilitieswhichareavailableandshowntobeacosteffectivealternativewillbeutilizedtothefullestextentpossible.TableA.3.2nowincludesalineitemfor""lodgecostsintheeventthatuseoflodgesisfoundtobeinthebestinterestsofsuccessfulandeconomicalprojectcompletion.Task3 -HydrologyT3.3Comment:FulladvantageshouldbetakenoftheUniversityofAlaska'sknowledgeofrivericeconditions.T5.2Comment:Response:AcresintendstoretainexpertsfromtheUniversityofAlaskainassessingtherivericeproblemsontheSusitna.Task5 -GeotechnicalExplorationThereisaconcernonthecompetenceofR&MConsultantsInc.forajobofthismagnitude.Response:Thiscommentisapparentlybased'onAnchorageMunicipalLightandPower'sexperiencewithR&Monarecentjob.ItisAcres'understandingthatthecostoverrunonthisjobwasduetocircumstancesbeyondR&M'scontrol.Task6 -DesignDevelopmentT6.2Comment:Thereisaconcernthat-thetunnelschemeproposedbyAcresisnotfeasible.4-20T2.3Comment:plannedforalternativesstudiesandwillensurethatpubliccommentsorquestionscanbeaddressedatanytimeonthisimportantissue.Task2-SurveysandSiteFacilitiesTheavailabilityofthe"HighlanderLodge"locatedsomefivemilesfromtheDevilCanyonsiteshouldbeconsideredinprovidingcampsforthefieldprograms.Response:Useofexistingcampfacilitieswillbeconsidered.Allsuchfacilitieswhichareavailableandshowntobeacosteffectivealternativewillbeutilizedtothefullestextentpossible.TableA.3.2nowincludesalineitemfor""lodgecostsintheeventthatuseoflodgesisfoundtobeinthebestinterestsofsuccessfulandeconomicalprojectcompletion.Task3 -HydrologyT3.3Comment:FulladvantageshouldbetakenoftheUniversityofAlaska'sknowledgeofrivericeconditions.T5.2Comment:Response:AcresintendstoretainexpertsfromtheUniversityofAlaskainassessingtherivericeproblemsontheSusitna.Task5 -GeotechnicalExplorationThereisaconcernonthecompetenceofR&MConsultantsInc.forajobofthismagnitude.Response:Thiscommentisapparentlybased'onAnchorageMunicipalLightandPower'sexperiencewithR&Monarecentjob.ItisAcres'understandingthatthecostoverrunonthisjobwasduetocircumstancesbeyondR&M'scontrol.Task6 -DesignDevelopmentT6.2Comment:Thereisaconcernthat-thetunnelschemeproposedbyAcresisnotfeasible.4-20 Response:Thismaybetrue.Atthispointintime,thetunnelconceptisanunprovenschemewhichmustbestudiedinmoredetailtodeterminebothitseconomicandtechnicalfeasibility.Evenso,suchattractivefeaturesasreducedenvironmentalimpactandincreasedproductivityinwinterconstructionmonthsmakestudyofthisschemeaworthwhileundertaking.Task7-EnvironmentalStudiesT7.2Comment:ThereshouldbeastudyofthepossiblechangeinclimateduetotheformationofreservoirsontheSusitnaRiver.Response:AlthoughnotspecificallyhighlightedinAcres'pas,thisimpactontheregion'sclimatewillbeaddressedinbroadtermsinSubtask7.03,EvaluationofAlternatives.Asmaybededucedfromtheprecedingquestion,thereisapossibilitythatthetunnelschemewillbefoundfeasible.Inthatevent,ofcourse,reservoirsurfaceareawoulddecrease.Itfollowsthatmeaningfulstudyofpotentialimpactsonclimatedependsuponselectionofadevelopmentconceptanddelineationofproposedreservoirareas.InitialbroadevaluationsduringSubtask7.03wouldberefinedduringtheperiodfollowingsubmissionofthelicenseapplicationtoFERC.T7.3Comment:ThereisaconcernontheobjectivityoftheAlaskaDepartmentofFishandGameintheirparticipationinthestudy.Response:ADF&G,intheirroleasaStateagencyformonitoringandcontrollingenvironmentaldisturbances,areobviouslythebestqualifiedandequippedagencyforgatheringofbaselinedatafortheareasaffectedbytheproject.APAhas,therefore,contractedwithADF&Gtoundertakethiswork.AnyotherinvolvementbyADF&Gwillberestrictedtotheircustomaryroleofreviewandapprovalofenvironmentalassessments,proposalsformitigatingmeasures,andpermitapplications.Task8-TransmissionComment:T8.2Thereisaneedforastudyontheriskoftransmissionlineoutage.Response:Agreed.Thisneedwillbeaddressedintwoways:4-21Response:Thismaybetrue.Atthispointintime,thetunnelconceptisanunprovenschemewhichmustbestudiedinmoredetailtodeterminebothitseconomicandtechnicalfeasibility.Evenso,suchattractivefeaturesasreducedenvironmentalimpactandincreasedproductivityinwinterconstructionmonthsmakestudyofthisschemeaworthwhileundertaking.Task7-EnvironmentalStudiesT7.2Comment:ThereshouldbeastudyofthepossiblechangeinclimateduetotheformationofreservoirsontheSusitnaRiver.Response:AlthoughnotspecificallyhighlightedinAcres'pas,thisimpactontheregion'sclimatewillbeaddressedinbroadtermsinSubtask7.03,EvaluationofAlternatives.Asmaybededucedfromtheprecedingquestion,thereisapossibilitythatthetunnelschemewillbefoundfeasible.Inthatevent,ofcourse,reservoirsurfaceareawoulddecrease.Itfollowsthatmeaningfulstudyofpotentialimpactsonclimatedependsuponselectionofadevelopmentconceptanddelineationofproposedreservoirareas.InitialbroadevaluationsduringSubtask7.03wouldberefinedduringtheperiodfollowingsubmissionofthelicenseapplicationtoFERC.T7.3Comment:ThereisaconcernontheobjectivityoftheAlaskaDepartmentofFishandGameintheirparticipationinthestudy.Response:ADF&G,intheirroleasaStateagencyformonitoringandcontrollingenvironmentaldisturbances,areobviouslythebestqualifiedandequippedagencyforgatheringofbaselinedatafortheareasaffectedbytheproject.APAhas,therefore,contractedwithADF&Gtoundertakethiswork.AnyotherinvolvementbyADF&Gwillberestrictedtotheircustomaryroleofreviewandapprovalofenvironmentalassessments,proposalsformitigatingmeasures,andpermitapplications.Task8-TransmissionComment:T8.2Thereisaneedforastudyontheriskoftransmissionlineoutage.Response:Agreed.Thisneedwillbeaddressedintwoways:4-21 (1)Subtasks8.02,ElectricSystemsStudies,and8.04,Tower,HardwareandConductorStudies,willassessalternativetransmissionschemesandwillproduceestimatesastoreliability.(2)Subtasks11.03and11.04areriskanalyseswhichwillincludeassessmentofrisksandconsequencesassociatedwithoutages.Asnotedinanearliercomment,animportantconsiderationinweighingmajoralternativesofcentralizedanddecentralizedgeneratingsystemshastodowithrisksandconsequencesofoutages.GeneralCommentsG.BComment:Thetimeframeforthestudyistooshort.Comment:G.gResponse:IftheSusitnaprojectisproventobeeconomicallyfeasible,thefielddatacollectionprogramwillcontinueafterthe30-monthperiodpresentlyplanned.Asnotedinearliercomments,SectionA6nowprovidesfortwoalternativesforworkafterlicenseapplicationismade.Eveninthe"FastTrack"case,itisanticipatedthattheminimumperiodbeforeaconstructionstartonanyprojectfeaturewillbeatleastfiveyears.Itisanticipatedthatthepublicparticipationprogramwillcontinuethroughout.ThePOS'ssubmittedbyallthreeconsultantsshouldbecombinedintoasinglecomprehensiveplan.Response:ThemoredesirableaspectsoftheHarzaandIECOproposals,whereappropriate,havebeenreviewedandtakenintoaccountintherevisedPOS(seeSections3and4).Inaddition,theCorpsofEngineers'planofstudywasvaluableasareferencesourceinpreparationandsubsequentmodificationofthisPOS.G.10Comment:Acomprehensivefieldprogramisneeded.Response:Agreed.ThedatacollectionprogramsoutlinedinTasks2,3,5and7havebeendesignedtoensurethatthestatedneedissatisfied.ThismodifiedversionofthePOSnowincludessignificantlymoredescriptionsandresourcesforTask7,EnvironmentalStudies.Task2,SurveysandSiteFacilities,hasbeenchangedtoimprovefieldsupportservices.AnewSubtask3.10hasbeenaddedtoTask3toprovideforfurtherdownstreamflowstudiesontheSusitna.4-22(1)Subtasks8.02,ElectricSystemsStudies,and8.04,Tower,HardwareandConductorStudies,willassessalternativetransmissionschemesandwillproduceestimatesastoreliability.(2)Subtasks11.03and11.04areriskanalyseswhichwillincludeassessmentofrisksandconsequencesassociatedwithoutages.Asnotedinanearliercomment,animportantconsiderationinweighingmajoralternativesofcentralizedanddecentralizedgeneratingsystemshastodowithrisksandconsequencesofoutages.GeneralCommentsG.BComment:Thetimeframeforthestudyistooshort.Comment:G.gResponse:IftheSusitnaprojectisproventobeeconomicallyfeasible,thefielddatacollectionprogramwillcontinueafterthe30-monthperiodpresentlyplanned.Asnotedinearliercomments,SectionA6nowprovidesfortwoalternativesforworkafterlicenseapplicationismade.Eveninthe"FastTrack"case,itisanticipatedthattheminimumperiodbeforeaconstructionstartonanyprojectfeaturewillbeatleastfiveyears.Itisanticipatedthatthepublicparticipationprogramwillcontinuethroughout.ThePOS'ssubmittedbyallthreeconsultantsshouldbecombinedintoasinglecomprehensiveplan.Response:ThemoredesirableaspectsoftheHarzaandIECOproposals,whereappropriate,havebeenreviewedandtakenintoaccountintherevisedPOS(seeSections3and4).Inaddition,theCorpsofEngineers'planofstudywasvaluableasareferencesourceinpreparationandsubsequentmodificationofthisPOS.G.10Comment:Acomprehensivefieldprogramisneeded.Response:Agreed.ThedatacollectionprogramsoutlinedinTasks2,3,5and7havebeendesignedtoensurethatthestatedneedissatisfied.ThismodifiedversionofthePOSnowincludessignificantlymoredescriptionsandresourcesforTask7,EnvironmentalStudies.Task2,SurveysandSiteFacilities,hasbeenchangedtoimprovefieldsupportservices.AnewSubtask3.10hasbeenaddedtoTask3toprovideforfurtherdownstreamflowstudiesontheSusitna.4-22 G.IIComment:Thereshouldbeanexternalreviewofthebasicassumptions,methodologiesandfinalresultsoftheSusitnaStudy.G.I2Comment:Response:Externalreviewofthestudyisnecessary.Tothisend,threeexternalmechanismsareplanned:(1)Theproposedexternalreviewpanelofworld-renownedexpertswillprovideanecessarycheckonthebasicassumptions,methodologiesandstudyresults.(2)Thepublicparticipationprogramwillgivethepublictheopportunitytocommentonandinfluencethestudy.(3)ThestudyoftheprojectedloadgrowthofAlaskawillbeundertakenbytheInstituteofSocialandEconomicResearchasanexternalconsultant.ThefeasibilitystudyshouldbepostponeduntilthealternativestoSusitnaarefullyassessed.Response:IndicationstodatearethattheSusitnadevelopmentiseconomicallyattractiveandwillbeneededatanearlydatetosatisfytheelectricalloadgrowthofAlaska.Topostponethefeasibilitystudymayresultintheultimatedelayoftheprojectatthecostofhavingtodevelopmoreexpensivealternativesintheinterim,orevenofincurringshorttermpowershortagesrelativetothesmallpotentialsavingsinvolved.IfthefeasibilityoftheProjectcanbeestablished,thenitisdesirabletoobtaintheFERClicensewiththeminimumofdelay.Evenso,theproposedprogramhasbeendevisedtominimizeexpenditurespriortocompletionofalternativesstudieswhilestillaccomplishinglicensingoftheprojectattheearliestpossibledate.Inthislatterregard,forexample,theoriginalplantobuildanexpensiveairfieldduringtheinitialfieldinvestigationperiodhasnowbeenchangedinfavorofusinghelicoptersupportoffieldactivitywhilethestudyofalternativesisbeingaddressed.4-23G.IIComment:Thereshouldbeanexternalreviewofthebasicassumptions,methodologiesandfinalresultsoftheSusitnaStudy.G.I2Comment:Response:Externalreviewofthestudyisnecessary.Tothisend,threeexternalmechanismsareplanned:(1)Theproposedexternalreviewpanelofworld-renownedexpertswillprovideanecessarycheckonthebasicassumptions,methodologiesandstudyresults.(2)Thepublicparticipationprogramwillgivethepublictheopportunitytocommentonandinfluencethestudy.(3)ThestudyoftheprojectedloadgrowthofAlaskawillbeundertakenbytheInstituteofSocialandEconomicResearchasanexternalconsultant.ThefeasibilitystudyshouldbepostponeduntilthealternativestoSusitnaarefullyassessed.Response:IndicationstodatearethattheSusitnadevelopmentiseconomicallyattractiveandwillbeneededatanearlydatetosatisfytheelectricalloadgrowthofAlaska.Topostponethefeasibilitystudymayresultintheultimatedelayoftheprojectatthecostofhavingtodevelopmoreexpensivealternativesintheinterim,orevenofincurringshorttermpowershortagesrelativetothesmallpotentialsavingsinvolved.IfthefeasibilityoftheProjectcanbeestablished,thenitisdesirabletoobtaintheFERClicensewiththeminimumofdelay.Evenso,theproposedprogramhasbeendevisedtominimizeexpenditurespriortocompletionofalternativesstudieswhilestillaccomplishinglicensingoftheprojectattheearliestpossibledate.Inthislatterregard,forexample,theoriginalplantobuildanexpensiveairfieldduringtheinitialfieldinvestigationperiodhasnowbeenchangedinfavorofusinghelicoptersupportoffieldactivitywhilethestudyofalternativesisbeingaddressed.4-23 3 -ASSESSMENTOFHARIAPROPOSALTheproposalsubmittedbyHarzaConsultantstoAPAhasbeenassessedwiththeintentionofextractingthoseportionswhichcouldbeusedtoimprovetheAcresplan.Ingeneral,theHarzaplanofstudyissimilartothatofAcres.Manyoftheapparentdifferencesarearesultofdifferentemphasisinthepresentationoftheplansofstudy.ItisAcres'opinionthatallmajortasksproposedbyHarzaarealreadyincludedintheAcresPOS,wheretheyareorganizedandscheduledinacomparableormorecomprehensivemanner.Specificdifferencesintheproposalsarediscussedbelow.3.1-SpecificDifferencesintheProposals(a)HarzaproposedtoengageanAlaskanresidentwithathoroughbackgroundofAlaskanattitudes,customs,etc.,asthemanageroftheir"PublicInformationandParticipationProgram."Acresagreeswiththisapproachandhadintendedtodothesame.ThecurrentPOSnowreflectsthefactthatanAlaskanresidenthasnowbeenhiredbytheAlaskaPowerAuthorityasthePublicParticipationOfficer.(b)Harzarecommendstheformationofa"TechnicalAdvisoryCommittee"composedofrepresentativesofinterestedgroupsandagenciesfora"two-waycommunicationbetweentheprojectplannersandinterestedstateandfederalagencies."TheAcresPOSprovidesforaseriesofworkshopsdesignedtoprovide"two-waycommunications"assuggested.Inaddition,aformalinteragencyreviewcommitteeisintheprocessofbeingestablished.(c)Harza'sproposedmappingoftheSusitnaRiverappearstobemorecomprehensiveanddetailedthanthatofAcres.Acresresearchhasshownthataconsiderableamountofsurveydataisalreadyavailable.Aerialphotographyandsubsequentmappingisveryexpensive,andwillconsequentlybekepttotheminimumrequiredforeva1uatingprojectalternatives.Acresconsidersthattheirmappingprogramisadequatetoaugmenttheexistingdataenvisaged.Ifspecificdevelopmentschemesprovetobeattractiveinthisfeasibilitystudy,moredetailedmappinginthepost-FERClicenseperiodmaybenecessary.(d)Harzaproposestomakeacomprehensiveinventoryofexistinggeneratingfacilitiesandtransmissionlines.AlthoughthisisnotlistedasaspecificiteminAcresPOS,itwasintendedtoformpartofthegroundworkofSubtask1.04,Selection4-243 -ASSESSMENTOFHARIAPROPOSALTheproposalsubmittedbyHarzaConsultantstoAPAhasbeenassessedwiththeintentionofextractingthoseportionswhichcouldbeusedtoimprovetheAcresplan.Ingeneral,theHarzaplanofstudyissimilartothatofAcres.Manyoftheapparentdifferencesarearesultofdifferentemphasisinthepresentationoftheplansofstudy.ItisAcres'opinionthatallmajortasksproposedbyHarzaarealreadyincludedintheAcresPOS,wheretheyareorganizedandscheduledinacomparableormorecomprehensivemanner.Specificdifferencesintheproposalsarediscussedbelow.3.1-SpecificDifferencesintheProposals(a)HarzaproposedtoengageanAlaskanresidentwithathoroughbackgroundofAlaskanattitudes,customs,etc.,asthemanageroftheir"PublicInformationandParticipationProgram."Acresagreeswiththisapproachandhadintendedtodothesame.ThecurrentPOSnowreflectsthefactthatanAlaskanresidenthasnowbeenhiredbytheAlaskaPowerAuthorityasthePublicParticipationOfficer.(b)Harzarecommendstheformationofa"TechnicalAdvisoryCommittee"composedofrepresentativesofinterestedgroupsandagenciesfora"two-waycommunicationbetweentheprojectplannersandinterestedstateandfederalagencies."TheAcresPOSprovidesforaseriesofworkshopsdesignedtoprovide"two-waycommunications"assuggested.Inaddition,aformalinteragencyreviewcommitteeisintheprocessofbeingestablished.(c)Harza'sproposedmappingoftheSusitnaRiverappearstobemorecomprehensiveanddetailedthanthatofAcres.Acresresearchhasshownthataconsiderableamountofsurveydataisalreadyavailable.Aerialphotographyandsubsequentmappingisveryexpensive,andwillconsequentlybekepttotheminimumrequiredforeva1uatingprojectalternatives.Acresconsidersthattheirmappingprogramisadequatetoaugmenttheexistingdataenvisaged.Ifspecificdevelopmentschemesprovetobeattractiveinthisfeasibilitystudy,moredetailedmappinginthepost-FERClicenseperiodmaybenecessary.(d)Harzaproposestomakeacomprehensiveinventoryofexistinggeneratingfacilitiesandtransmissionlines.AlthoughthisisnotlistedasaspecificiteminAcresPOS,itwasintendedtoformpartofthegroundworkofSubtask1.04,Selection4-24 ofViableExpansionSequences,andhasbeenincludedinthecostestimateofthatitem.(e)Intheirproposal,HarzaemphasizestheirintentionofdevelopingaconceptofstageddevelopmentoftheSusitnaRiver.Theydescribesixmajorschemeswhichwillbeinvestigatedthoroughly.ThebasisoftheAcresPOSisessentiallythatthesubstantialamountofcompetentworkwhichhasalredybeendonebyUSBRandtheCorpsofEngineersshouldatthispointbeassumedtobecorrectandthattheCorps'mostrecentlyproposedschemeisnear-optimal.Acres'detailedproposalswere,therefore,developedonthebasisofthispreviouswork;andthePOSwi11refineandbuilduponitratherthanstartafresh.However,intheeventthattheAcresstudyofalternatives(Subtask6.03)indicatesthatotherdevelopmentschemesaremoredesirable,Acres'POSwillhavetobemodifiedtoincludeamorethoroughsearchandrefinementoftheoptimalplan.(f)Harza'sPOSincludestheuseofthe"WQRRS"computermodeldevelopedbytheCorpsofEngineerstoanalyzethewaterqualityinthereservoir(s)andtheSusitnaRiver.ItisAcres'opinionthatuseofthismodelwillnotproducemeaningfulresultswithoutextensivefielddataforitscalibration.Therefore,althoughsomeanalyticalmodelingofthethermalstratificationinthereservoirisplannedinthepre-FERClicenseapplicationperiod,refinedmodelingofthewaterqualityhasbeenreservedforthepost-FERClicenseapplicationperiodwhenadequatebasicdatawillbegintobecomeavailable.(g)Harzaproposestostudy"RiparianHabitats."Theobjectiveofthiswillbetocharacterizetheinterrelationshipsbetweenthemaintenanceofwillow/moosehabitatinthedownstreamfloodplainandseasonalfloodingcharacteristics.IncoordinationwithADF&GandDNR,AcreshasreviseditsoriginalPOStoadddownstreamflowstudies(Subtask3.10)andtochangetheenvironmentalprogramtosatisfythisrequirement.(h)Harzaproposesa"RecreationResourcesStudy"toinventoryandevaluatetherecreationresourceswithintheSusitnaRiverBasinforthepurposeofassessingtheimpactsthattheprojectmighthaveonthem.AlthoughitisnotspecificallydiscussedintheAcresproposal,itisintendedthatsuchastudywouldformthenecessarygroundworkforSubtask7.08,AnalysisofRecreationDevelopment.TheestimatedcostofthisSubtaskhasbeenincludedforthiswork.(i)Harzaproposestoassessthepotentialimpactofprojectalternativesontheaestheticandvisualresources,andtoidentifymeasurestoensurethatprojectworksblendwiththesurroundingenvironment.TwocomputerprogramsdevelopedbyHarzaforthispurposewillbeusedtoevaluatethevisualimpacts.4-25U,S,Depa-rtmentofthelntorilll:ofViableExpansionSequences,andhasbeenincludedinthecostestimateofthatitem.(e)Intheirproposal,HarzaemphasizestheirintentionofdevelopingaconceptofstageddevelopmentoftheSusitnaRiver.Theydescribesixmajorschemeswhichwillbeinvestigatedthoroughly.ThebasisoftheAcresPOSisessentiallythatthesubstantialamountofcompetentworkwhichhasalredybeendonebyUSBRandtheCorpsofEngineersshouldatthispointbeassumedtobecorrectandthattheCorps'mostrecentlyproposedschemeisnear-optimal.Acres'detailedproposalswere,therefore,developedonthebasisofthispreviouswork;andthePOSwi11refineandbuilduponitratherthanstartafresh.However,intheeventthattheAcresstudyofalternatives(Subtask6.03)indicatesthatotherdevelopmentschemesaremoredesirable,Acres'POSwillhavetobemodifiedtoincludeamorethoroughsearchandrefinementoftheoptimalplan.(f)Harza'sPOSincludestheuseofthe"WQRRS"computermodeldevelopedbytheCorpsofEngineerstoanalyzethewaterqualityinthereservoir(s)andtheSusitnaRiver.ItisAcres'opinionthatuseofthismodelwillnotproducemeaningfulresultswithoutextensivefielddataforitscalibration.Therefore,althoughsomeanalyticalmodelingofthethermalstratificationinthereservoirisplannedinthepre-FERClicenseapplicationperiod,refinedmodelingofthewaterqualityhasbeenreservedforthepost-FERClicenseapplicationperiodwhenadequatebasicdatawillbegintobecomeavailable.(g)Harzaproposestostudy"RiparianHabitats."Theobjectiveofthiswillbetocharacterizetheinterrelationshipsbetweenthemaintenanceofwillow/moosehabitatinthedownstreamfloodplainandseasonalfloodingcharacteristics.IncoordinationwithADF&GandDNR,AcreshasreviseditsoriginalPOStoadddownstreamflowstudies(Subtask3.10)andtochangetheenvironmentalprogramtosatisfythisrequirement.(h)Harzaproposesa"RecreationResourcesStudy"toinventoryandevaluatetherecreationresourceswithintheSusitnaRiverBasinforthepurposeofassessingtheimpactsthattheprojectmighthaveonthem.AlthoughitisnotspecificallydiscussedintheAcresproposal,itisintendedthatsuchastudywouldformthenecessarygroundworkforSubtask7.08,AnalysisofRecreationDevelopment.TheestimatedcostofthisSubtaskhasbeenincludedforthiswork.(i)Harzaproposestoassessthepotentialimpactofprojectalternativesontheaestheticandvisualresources,andtoidentifymeasurestoensurethatprojectworksblendwiththesurroundingenvironment.TwocomputerprogramsdevelopedbyHarzaforthispurposewillbeusedtoevaluatethevisualimpacts.4-25U,S,Depa-rtmentofthelntorilll: Theenvironmentalimpactassessmentsoftheproposeddevelopment,includingaestheticandvisualresources,willbeachievedbycompetentexpertsinaconventionalmannerundertheAcresPOS.(j)Harzaproposestodevelopa"ResourcesInventory"anda"ProjectDataManagementProgram."AlthoughthisapproachtotabulationofprojectdatahasnotbeenproposedspecificallyinAcres'POS,itisintendedthatacomparable,methodicalcatalogingofsuchdatawillbecarriedoutasnecessaryforthecompletedocumentationofstudyresults.(k)HarzaproposesaProjectSponsorwhowouldmaintainperiodicliaisonwithAPAandprovideacommunicationschanneltoHarzamanagementforevaluationoftheperformanceoftheprojectteamasawhole.AlthoughnotoriginallyproposedbyAcresasaformalpartoftheprojectteamstructure,suchacommunicationschannelhasbeenmadeavailableforAPAthroughtheProjectSponsortotheseniormanagementofAcres.4-26Theenvironmentalimpactassessmentsoftheproposeddevelopment,includingaestheticandvisualresources,willbeachievedbycompetentexpertsinaconventionalmannerundertheAcresPOS.(j)Harzaproposestodevelopa"ResourcesInventory"anda"ProjectDataManagementProgram."AlthoughthisapproachtotabulationofprojectdatahasnotbeenproposedspecificallyinAcres'POS,itisintendedthatacomparable,methodicalcatalogingofsuchdatawillbecarriedoutasnecessaryforthecompletedocumentationofstudyresults.(k)HarzaproposesaProjectSponsorwhowouldmaintainperiodicliaisonwithAPAandprovideacommunicationschanneltoHarzamanagementforevaluationoftheperformanceoftheprojectteamasawhole.AlthoughnotoriginallyproposedbyAcresasaformalpartoftheprojectteamstructure,suchacommunicationschannelhasbeenmadeavailableforAPAthroughtheProjectSponsortotheseniormanagementofAcres.4-26 4 -ASSESSMENTOFIECOPROPOSAL4.1-GeneralIECO'sproposedPOShasbeenreviewedindetail.EachtaskoutlinedbyIECOhasbeencriticallyandobjectivelyassessedandcomparedwiththosepreviouslyformu1atedbyAcres.Ingeneral,thetwoPOS'sarequitesimilar,althoughinmanyareasAcres'planprovidesmoredetail.SeveralTasksapparentlyconsiderednecessarybyIECOhavenotbeendetailedspecificallyinAcres'proposal.TheseTasksarediscussedbelow.4.2-TaskC-4-9-AquaticResources-UpperCookInletEstuaryInthistask,IECOproposedtodevelopamathematicalmodeloftheCookInletandtouseittoassessthepotentialimpactfromupstreamdevelopment.AlthoughAcresintendstoassesstheimpactontheestuary,itwi11bedonenotbymathematica1mode1butbymorere1iab1eandprovenempiricalmethods.ItisAcres'opinionthatatthisearlystageoftheproject,withoutadequatebasicdata,theuseofsuchasophisticatedtoolwouldnotprovidemeaningfulresults.4.3-TaskC-4-17-AirQualityandNoiseAspartofthisTask,IECOproposestoevaluatemeasurestominimizepotentialimpactstoairqualityandnoisethatcouldoccurduringtheconstructionofaSusitnaproject.AlthoughAcres'POSincludesanevaluationoftheimpactofalternativepowersources(thermalplantsinparticular)onairquality,thishasnotheenspecificallyaddressedwithrespecttoconstructionofhydroelectricprojectsontheSusitna.Suchimpacts,consideredminimalatthistime,willbeassessedinTask7,EnvironmentalStudies.4.4-TaskC-4-21-PublicSafetyThepurposeofthistaskwillbetodescribeanyimpactsresultingfromaccidentsandnaturalcatastropheswhichmightoccur,andprovideananalysisofthecapabilityoftheareatoabsorbpredictedimpacts.AlthoughsuchaworkitemhasnotbeenspecificallyincludedinAcres'POS,itisexpectedthatsuchimpactswouldhavetobedescribedforpublicmeetingsandworkshops,anditisconsideredthatsufficientfundsareincludedinTask12,PublicParticipation,tocoverthis.4-274-ASSESSMENTOFIECOPROPOSAL4.1-GeneralIECO'sproposedPOShasbeenreviewedindetail.EachtaskoutlinedbyIECOhasbeencriticallyandobjectivelyassessedandcomparedwiththosepreviouslyformu1atedbyAcres.Ingeneral,thetwoPOS'sarequitesimilar,althoughinmanyareasAcres'planprovidesmoredetail.SeveralTasksapparentlyconsiderednecessarybyIECOhavenotbeendetailedspecificallyinAcres'proposal.TheseTasksarediscussedbelow.4.2-TaskC-4-9-AquaticResources-UpperCookInletEstuaryInthistask,IECOproposedtodevelopamathematicalmodeloftheCookInletandtouseittoassessthepotentialimpactfromupstreamdevelopment.AlthoughAcresintendstoassesstheimpactontheestuary,itwi11bedonenotbymathematica1mode1butbymorere1iab1eandprovenempiricalmethods.ItisAcres'opinionthatatthisearlystageoftheproject,withoutadequatebasicdata,theuseofsuchasophisticatedtoolwouldnotprovidemeaningfulresults.4.3-TaskC-4-17-AirQualityandNoiseAspartofthisTask,IECOproposestoevaluatemeasurestominimizepotentialimpactstoairqualityandnoisethatcouldoccurduringtheconstructionofaSusitnaproject.AlthoughAcres'POSincludesanevaluationoftheimpactofalternativepowersources(thermalplantsinparticular)onairquality,thishasnotheenspecificallyaddressedwithrespecttoconstructionofhydroelectricprojectsontheSusitna.Suchimpacts,consideredminimalatthistime,willbeassessedinTask7,EnvironmentalStudies.4.4-TaskC-4-21-PublicSafetyThepurposeofthistaskwillbetodescribeanyimpactsresultingfromaccidentsandnaturalcatastropheswhichmightoccur,andprovideananalysisofthecapabilityoftheareatoabsorbpredictedimpacts.AlthoughsuchaworkitemhasnotbeenspecificallyincludedinAcres'POS,itisexpectedthatsuchimpactswouldhavetobedescribedforpublicmeetingsandworkshops,anditisconsideredthatsufficientfundsareincludedinTask12,PublicParticipation,tocoverthis.4-27 4.5-C-4-22-VisualResourcesIECOproposesaseparatetaskataconsiderablecost($70,000)to:-DeterminethesignificantvisualeffectsoftheWatanaandDevilCanyonstructures.-Simulatetheappearanceofthestructuresandsuggestmitigationmeasuresforundesirablevisualimpacts.-Establishcriteriaforscenicqualitywhichprovidesabasisforcomparativeevaluationofproposedprojectfeaturesandalternativeenergysources.AlthoughsuchanitemhasnotbeenspecificallyincludedinAcres'POSitisintendedthatvisualimpactsoftheprojectswillbeevaluatedinTask7,EnvironmentalStudies.4.6-0-4-1-DevelopComprehensiveWatershedModelAcresdoesnotconsiderthatdevelopmentofsuchamodelwillbenecessaryduringpre-licenseapplicationstudies.AcresproposestorefinetheworkalreadyconductedbytheU.S.ArmyCorpsofEngineerswiththeSSARRwatershedmodel,andthusavoidtheheavycostofdevelopingandcalibratinganewmodel.4.7-0-4-2-DevelopSpecificModelsforArcticConditions,0-4-3-CalibrateandVerifyModelsAcresdoesnotconsiderthatthiswillbenecessary.Acreswilldrawprimarilyfrom"off-the-shelf"modelswhichhavealreadybeendevelopedonAcres'previousjobswhereArcticconditionshavebeenaproblem.Someworkmaybenecessary,however,tocalibratethesemodelstothespecificconditionsencounteredintheSusitnaBasin.4.8-0-5-4-GlacialWaterBalance,E-5-3-MassBalanceandDynamicBehaviorofGlaciersIECOproposestolaunchadetailedassessment(atacostof$158,000)oftheglaciersintheSusitnaBasin.AlthoughAcresconsidersthatsomeevaluationoftheglaciersisnecessary(asincludedinSubtask3.04(vi)),itwouldbemoreappropriatetohaveamoderateinvestigativeeffortatthisearlystage.Ifmorecomprehensivestudyappearswarranted,itcanbeplannedandimplementedaftersubmissionoftheFERClicenseapplication.4-284.5-C-4-22-VisualResourcesIECOproposesaseparatetaskataconsiderablecost($70,000)to:-DeterminethesignificantvisualeffectsoftheWatanaandDevilCanyonstructures.-Simulatetheappearanceofthestructuresandsuggestmitigationmeasuresforundesirablevisualimpacts.-Establishcriteriaforscenicqualitywhichprovidesabasisforcomparativeevaluationofproposedprojectfeaturesandalternativeenergysources.AlthoughsuchanitemhasnotbeenspecificallyincludedinAcres'POSitisintendedthatvisualimpactsoftheprojectswillbeevaluatedinTask7,EnvironmentalStudies.4.6-0-4-1-DevelopComprehensiveWatershedModelAcresdoesnotconsiderthatdevelopmentofsuchamodelwillbenecessaryduringpre-licenseapplicationstudies.AcresproposestorefinetheworkalreadyconductedbytheU.S.ArmyCorpsofEngineerswiththeSSARRwatershedmodel,andthusavoidtheheavycostofdevelopingandcalibratinganewmodel.4.7-0-4-2-DevelopSpecificModelsforArcticConditions,0-4-3-CalibrateandVerifyModelsAcresdoesnotconsiderthatthiswillbenecessary.Acreswilldrawprimarilyfrom"off-the-shelf"modelswhichhavealreadybeendevelopedonAcres'previousjobswhereArcticconditionshavebeenaproblem.Someworkmaybenecessary,however,tocalibratethesemodelstothespecificconditionsencounteredintheSusitnaBasin.4.8-0-5-4-GlacialWaterBalance,E-5-3-MassBalanceandDynamicBehaviorofGlaciersIECOproposestolaunchadetailedassessment(atacostof$158,000)oftheglaciersintheSusitnaBasin.AlthoughAcresconsidersthatsomeevaluationoftheglaciersisnecessary(asincludedinSubtask3.04(vi)),itwouldbemoreappropriatetohaveamoderateinvestigativeeffortatthisearlystage.Ifmorecomprehensivestudyappearswarranted,itcanbeplannedandimplementedaftersubmissionoftheFERClicenseapplication.4-28 4.9-E-3-2-ShearWaveHammerTestin9oftheWatanaandDevilCanyonSitesThisisnotconsiderednecessaryduringpre-licensingsubmissionactivities.TheproposedAcresprogramforseismicandgeotechnicalexplorationissufficienttosupportconceptdesigns.4.10-E-8-4-ConductMassConcreteTestsIECOproposestoexpendsome$40,000onconductinglaboratoryteststodevelopamassconcretedesignmixandtocheckthesuitabilityofavailablematerialstoobtainthedesiredconcretemix.Acresconsidersthatsucheffortshouldbereservedonlyforthelaterdesignstageoftheproject.Forthefeasibilitystudy,Acreswilldrawontheirextensiveexperiencewithconcretemixesfornorthernconstructiontoevaluatetheappropriatecomposition.4.11-D-6-6-DownstreamHazardsfromDamFailureInthistask,IECOplanstoevaluatedownstreamhazardsofdamfailurebecauseofacatastrophicevent.ThiseffortisincludedasapartofRiskAnalysestobeconductedunderTask11.4.12-HydrologyIECOhasincluded$1.8millionforhydrologicstudies,comparedto$1.6millionforAcres.Thisdifferenceismostlydueto1ECO'sestimateof$340,000fordevelopingsophisticatedmathematicalmodelswhichAcresbelievestobeunnecessaryatthistime.4-294.9-E-3-2-ShearWaveHammerTestin9oftheWatanaandDevilCanyonSitesThisisnotconsiderednecessaryduringpre-licensingsubmissionactivities.TheproposedAcresprogramforseismicandgeotechnicalexplorationissufficienttosupportconceptdesigns.4.10-E-8-4-ConductMassConcreteTestsIECOproposestoexpendsome$40,000onconductinglaboratoryteststodevelopamassconcretedesignmixandtocheckthesuitabilityofavailablematerialstoobtainthedesiredconcretemix.Acresconsidersthatsucheffortshouldbereservedonlyforthelaterdesignstageoftheproject.Forthefeasibilitystudy,Acreswilldrawontheirextensiveexperiencewithconcretemixesfornorthernconstructiontoevaluatetheappropriatecomposition.4.11-D-6-6-DownstreamHazardsfromDamFailureInthistask,IECOplanstoevaluatedownstreamhazardsofdamfailurebecauseofacatastrophicevent.ThiseffortisincludedasapartofRiskAnalysestobeconductedunderTask11.4.12-HydrologyIECOhasincluded$1.8millionforhydrologicstudies,comparedto$1.6millionforAcres.Thisdifferenceismostlydueto1ECO'sestimateof$340,000fordevelopingsophisticatedmathematicalmodelswhichAcresbelievestobeunnecessaryatthistime.4-29 4-304-30 SNOIldl~JS3GAlIJ\IlJI7'G31117'13G-517'NOID3SSNOIldl~JS3GAlIJ\IlJI7'G31117'13G-517'NOID3S SECTIONA5-DETAILEDACTIVITYDESCRIPTIONSA.5.1-IntroductionAsdiscussedinSectionA2itisproposedtoachievetheobjectivesoftheSusitnaPlanofStudybyundertakingaprogramofworkdividedintothefollowing13tasks:Task1-PowerStudiesTask2-SurveysandSiteFacilitiesTask3-HydrologyTask4-SeismicStudiesTask5-GeotechnicalExplorationTask6-DesignDevelopmentTask7 -EnvironmentalStudiesTask8-TransmissionTask9-ConstructionCostEstimatesandSchedulesTask10-LicensingTask11-MarketingandFinancingTask12-PublicParticipationTask13-AdministrationWithineachofthesetasks,aseriesofsubtaskshasbeenidentifiedasshownontheMasterSchedules,PlatesA7.1andA7.2.PlateA2.1isanoverallsummaryschedulefortheentirePlanofStudy.MoredetailedschedulesandlogicdiagramsforsomespecificareasofthestudyappearunderindividualsubtaskdescriptioninthissectionofthePOS.InthefollowingsubsectionstheScopeStatementsforTasksandSubtasksarepresentedanddiscussed.AcompletelistingofallsubtaskswithassociatedcostsispresentedinSectionA3-BudgetSummaries.Throughoutthissectionoftheproposal,reference willbefoundto"DesignTransmittals".ThistermisusedbyAcrestodescribeaformalizeddocu~mentpreparedtopresenttheengineer'sordesigner'sresponseindefinitivetermsastohowheinterpretsastatementofworkandhowheintendstoproceedwiththedetailedengineering.5-1SECTIONA5-DETAILEDACTIVITYDESCRIPTIONSA.5.1-IntroductionAsdiscussedinSectionA2itisproposedtoachievetheobjectivesoftheSusitnaPlanofStudybyundertakingaprogramofworkdividedintothefollowing13tasks:Task1-PowerStudiesTask2-SurveysandSiteFacilitiesTask3-HydrologyTask4-SeismicStudiesTask5-GeotechnicalExplorationTask6-DesignDevelopmentTask7 -EnvironmentalStudiesTask8-TransmissionTask9-ConstructionCostEstimatesandSchedulesTask10-LicensingTask11-MarketingandFinancingTask12-PublicParticipationTask13-AdministrationWithineachofthesetasks,aseriesofsubtaskshasbeenidentifiedasshownontheMasterSchedules,PlatesA7.1andA7.2.PlateA2.1isanoverallsummaryschedulefortheentirePlanofStudy.MoredetailedschedulesandlogicdiagramsforsomespecificareasofthestudyappearunderindividualsubtaskdescriptioninthissectionofthePOS.InthefollowingsubsectionstheScopeStatementsforTasksandSubtasksarepresentedanddiscussed.AcompletelistingofallsubtaskswithassociatedcostsispresentedinSectionA3-BudgetSummaries.Throughoutthissectionoftheproposal,reference willbefoundto"DesignTransmittals".ThistermisusedbyAcrestodescribeaformalizeddocu~mentpreparedtopresenttheengineer'sordesigner'sresponseindefinitivetermsastohowheinterpretsastatementofworkandhowheintendstoproceedwiththedetailedengineering.5-1 •5-2•5-2 A.5.2-TASK1:POWERSTUDIES(i)TaskObjectivesTodeterminetheneedforpowerintheAlaskaRailbeltRegion,todevelopforecastsforelectricloadgrowthinthearea,toconsiderviablealternativesformeetingsuchloadgrowth,todevelopandrankaseriesoffeasible,optimumexpansionscenariosandfinallytodeterminetheenvironmentalimpactsoftheselectedoptimumscenarios.(ii)TaskOutputTheprimaryoutputofTask1willbeareportdealingwiththeselectionandrankingofoptimumsystemexpansionscenariosfortheAlaskaRailbeltRegion.ThefinalversionofthisreportwillbesubmittedforreviewandapprovalbyAlaskaPowerAuthorityonoraboutWeek48oftheStudy.PreliminaryfindingsofthestudywillbediscussedwithAlaskaPowerAuthorityonoraboutWeek30oftheStudy.SuchadiscussionwillcenteronwhetherornotworkontheSusitnaDevelopmentshouldcontinueorwhetheranother,possiblymoreviablealternativeshouldbeexamined.Designtransmittalsoutliningintermediatestagesofthepowerstudieswillalsobeissuedasindicatedonthelogicdiagram,PlateTl.l.(iii)ListofSubtasksSubtask1.01-ReviewoftheISERWorkPlanandMethodologiesSubtask1.02-ForecastingPeakLoadDemandSubtask1.03-IdentificationofAlternativesSubtask1.04-SelectionofViableExpansionSequencesSubtask1.05-ExpansionSequenceImpactAssessmentsSubtask1.06-PowerAlternativesStudyReport(iv)SubtaskScopeStatementsTheprimarypurposeofTask1asdiscussedinSection(ii)aboveistheestablishmentanddocumentationofappropriateloadforecastsfortheAlaskaRailbeltareaandthedevelopmentofoptimumsystemexpansionsequencescenariostomeetthisforecast.TheevaluationofthesefactorsfortheRailbeltRegionandtherelationshipandschedulingofTask1totheremainingtwelvetasksoftheoverallPlanofStudyareillustratedinthemasterschedule,PlateA7.1.Thisportionofthestudywillbeundertakeninessentiallythreeparts.Theinitialphasewillincludeevaluationofthevariousprojectedenergyconsumptionscenariosdevelopedbyindependentstudyteams.Fromtheseforecasts,theAcresteamwilldevelopkilowattloadforecastsappropriateforthelow,medium,andhighgrowthratescenarios.ThesecondportionofTask1willdealwiththedevelopmentofoptimummixesandsequencesoffeasiblealternativesourcesformeetingfuturepowerdemands.ThesemixeswillbedevelopedwithandwithouttheSusitnaProject,whichatthisstagewillbeassumedforstudypurposestobethatdeveloped5-3A.5.2-TASK1:POWERSTUDIES(i)TaskObjectivesTodeterminetheneedforpowerintheAlaskaRailbeltRegion,todevelopforecastsforelectricloadgrowthinthearea,toconsiderviablealternativesformeetingsuchloadgrowth,todevelopandrankaseriesoffeasible,optimumexpansionscenariosandfinallytodeterminetheenvironmentalimpactsoftheselectedoptimumscenarios.(ii)TaskOutputTheprimaryoutputofTask1willbeareportdealingwiththeselectionandrankingofoptimumsystemexpansionscenariosfortheAlaskaRailbeltRegion.ThefinalversionofthisreportwillbesubmittedforreviewandapprovalbyAlaskaPowerAuthorityonoraboutWeek48oftheStudy.PreliminaryfindingsofthestudywillbediscussedwithAlaskaPowerAuthorityonoraboutWeek30oftheStudy.SuchadiscussionwillcenteronwhetherornotworkontheSusitnaDevelopmentshouldcontinueorwhetheranother,possiblymoreviablealternativeshouldbeexamined.Designtransmittalsoutliningintermediatestagesofthepowerstudieswillalsobeissuedasindicatedonthelogicdiagram,PlateTl.l.(iii)ListofSubtasksSubtask1.01-ReviewoftheISERWorkPlanandMethodologiesSubtask1.02-ForecastingPeakLoadDemandSubtask1.03-IdentificationofAlternativesSubtask1.04-SelectionofViableExpansionSequencesSubtask1.05-ExpansionSequenceImpactAssessmentsSubtask1.06-PowerAlternativesStudyReport(iv)SubtaskScopeStatementsTheprimarypurposeofTask1asdiscussedinSection(ii)aboveistheestablishmentanddocumentationofappropriateloadforecastsfortheAlaskaRailbeltareaandthedevelopmentofoptimumsystemexpansionsequencescenariostomeetthisforecast.TheevaluationofthesefactorsfortheRailbeltRegionandtherelationshipandschedulingofTask1totheremainingtwelvetasksoftheoverallPlanofStudyareillustratedinthemasterschedule,PlateA7.1.Thisportionofthestudywillbeundertakeninessentiallythreeparts.Theinitialphasewillincludeevaluationofthevariousprojectedenergyconsumptionscenariosdevelopedbyindependentstudyteams.Fromtheseforecasts,theAcresteamwilldevelopkilowattloadforecastsappropriateforthelow,medium,andhighgrowthratescenarios.ThesecondportionofTask1willdealwiththedevelopmentofoptimummixesandsequencesoffeasiblealternativesourcesformeetingfuturepowerdemands.ThesemixeswillbedevelopedwithandwithouttheSusitnaProject,whichatthisstagewillbeassumedforstudypurposestobethatdeveloped5-3 bytheCorpsofEngineers.ThethirdsectionofthestudywilldealwiththepreliminarycomparativeenvironmentalandsocioeconomicimpactsofthedevelopedoptimummixesontheRailbeltRegion.InordertomeettheoverallobjectivesofthePlanofStudyasstatedinSectionA2above,otheractivitiesoftheprogramwillproceedinparallelwithTask1.ThesewillessentiallyinvolveTask2 -SurveysandSiteFacilities,Task3 -Hydrology,Task4 -SeismicStudiesandTask5 -GeotechnicalExploration.Forlogisticalreasons,theseactivitieswillhavebeeninitiatedontheassumptionthattheSusitnaProjectwillbethatwhichprovestobetheoptimumdevelopmentforAlaskaPowerAuthority.However,theTask1powerstudiesmaydetermineotherwise.Undersuchcircumstances,theongoingstudieswouldbehaltedpendingdiscussionswithAlaskaPowerAuthoritytodeterminethefuturecourseofactionmostappropriate.Ontheotherhand,shouldTask1studiesconfirmtheearlierstudiesundertakenbytheCorpsofEngineersandothersthattheSusitnaProject,withdamsatWatanaandDevilCanyonisthe appropriatemeansofmeetingfutureloadgrowthintheRailbeltarea,thestudywillcontinueasplanned.(v)ConcurrentStudiesbyOthersConcurrentwithworkundertakenbytheInstituteofSocialandEconomicResearch(ISER)andbytheAcresteam,anumberofstudiesbearingonTask1effortswillbeaccomplishedbyothers.Afull-timepowersystemstudyrepresentativefromtheAcresteamwillbestationedinAlaskaduringthefirstyearoftheworkandhewillcloselymonitortheseconcurrentactivitiesasaportionofhistotalduties.SomeparticulareffortswhichshouldenhancethequalityofTask1workinclude:(1)APowerAIternativeStudycoordinatedbytheAlaskaHousePowerAlternativesCommitteeisnowinprogress.SpecificStudycontractsinclude:(a)PowerMarketDemandProjections--bytheUniversityofAlaskaInstituteforSocialandEconomicResearch.ThesectionofthestudyisbeingdoneincooperationwiththePowerAuthority.Theyhavesharedinthedesignofthecontract,andwillparticipateinthefunding.ThisportionofthestudywillalsoserveasthepowermarketdemandprojectionfortheSusitnaPhaseIofStudy(seeSubtask1.01).Theparticularsofthescopeofworkincludemethodologicalreview,datacollectionandupdating,economicprojections,assessmentofinterfuelsubstitutionpossibilities,electricityuseprojections,andanassessmentofpossi-bilities,electricityuseprojections,andanassessmentoftheprobabilitiesofthevariousscenariosandprojections.5-4bytheCorpsofEngineers.ThethirdsectionofthestudywilldealwiththepreliminarycomparativeenvironmentalandsocioeconomicimpactsofthedevelopedoptimummixesontheRailbeltRegion.InordertomeettheoverallobjectivesofthePlanofStudyasstatedinSectionA2above,otheractivitiesoftheprogramwillproceedinparallelwithTask1.ThesewillessentiallyinvolveTask2-SurveysandSiteFacilities,Task3-Hydrology,Task4-SeismicStudiesandTask5-GeotechnicalExploration.Forlogisticalreasons,theseactivitieswillhavebeeninitiatedontheassumptionthattheSusitnaProjectwillbethatwhichprovestobetheoptimumdevelopmentforAlaskaPowerAuthority.However,theTask1powerstudiesmaydetermineotherwise.Undersuchcircumstances,theongoingstudieswouldbehaltedpendingdiscussionswithAlaskaPowerAuthoritytodeterminethefuturecourseofactionmostappropriate.Ontheotherhand,shouldTask1studiesconfirmtheearlierstudiesundertakenbytheCorpsofEngineersandothersthattheSusitnaProject,withdamsatWatanaandDevilCanyonisthe appropriatemeansofmeetingfutureloadgrowthintheRailbeltarea,thestudywillcontinueasplanned.(v)ConcurrentStudiesbyOthersConcurrentwithworkundertakenbytheInstituteofSocialandEconomicResearch(ISER)andbytheAcresteam,anumberofstudiesbearingonTask1effortswillbeaccomplishedbyothers.Afull-timepowersystemstudyrepresentativefromtheAcresteamwillbestationedinAlaskaduringthefirstyearoftheworkandhewillcloselymonitortheseconcurrentactivitiesasaportionofhistotalduties.SomeparticulareffortswhichshouldenhancethequalityofTask1workinclude:(1)APowerAIternativeStudycoordinatedbytheAlaskaHousePowerAlternativesCommitteeisnowinprogress.SpecificStudycontractsinclude:(a)PowerMarketDemandProjections--bytheUniversityofAlaskaInstituteforSocialandEconomicResearch.ThesectionofthestudyisbeingdoneincooperationwiththePowerAuthority.Theyhavesharedinthedesignofthecontract,andwillparticipateinthefunding.ThisportionofthestudywillalsoserveasthepowermarketdemandprojectionfortheSusitnaPhaseIofStudy(seeSubtask1.01).Theparticularsofthescopeofworkincludemethodologicalreview,datacollectionandupdating,economicprojections,assessmentofinterfuelsubstitutionpossibilities,electricityuseprojections,andanassessmentofpossi-bilities,electricityuseprojections,andanassessmentoftheprobabilitiesofthevariousscenariosandprojections.5-4 TheinstitutewillholdaworkshopinDecembertoreviewtheassumptionsbehindtheeconomicprojections,andwillcooperatewithavarietyofothercommitteeconsultants.(b)ReviewoftheISERDemandWorkDr.BradfordTuck,aneconomistwiththeUniversityofAlaskaSchoolofBusiness,andEnergyProbe,ofToronto,willseparatelyanalyzeandcriticizepastdemandprojec-tionsaswellastheworkISERisundertakingforthecommittee.(c)PotentialofConservationandRenewableEnergyTheAlaskaCenterforPolicyStudieswillmanagethevari-ousportionsofthissectionofthestudy.TheworkwillincludeananalysisoftheendusesofenergyintheRail-beltarea,adeterminationofthepotentialforenergyconservationandtheuseofrenewableenergysources,adiscussionofthesocial,economicandpoliticalmeasuresnecessarytoachievetheconservationandrenewableenergypotential,andworkonconservationlegislationforthe1980session(HB364).Avarietyofsubcontractorswillcarryoutthespecifictasks.(d)NaturalGasThisportionofthestudywilladdressinstitutionallimit-ationsonthefutureuseofnaturalgasforpowergenera-tion,thefuturepriceandavailabilityofgas,theeffici-encyofgas-firedgenerationfacilities,andthepotentialfortheuseofnaturalgasindirectconsumerapplications.AproposalbyeconomistGregEricksonispending.(e)OverviewThissectionwouldaddressthehistoricalbackgroundofthesupplyofelectricpowerintherailbelt,surveythebasicpolicyquestionsatstakeintheSusitnadecision,deline-atefinancing questionsandaddressthedecision-makingstructureforSusitnaandotherpoweralternatives.AproposalbyeconomistArlonTussigispending.(f)SocioculturalImpactsThissectionwouldinvestigatetheeffectoftheconstruc-tionoftheSusitnadamonboththelocalareaandAlaska,andrelatethoseeffectstobothahistoricalandanorma-tivecontext.AproposalbytheArcticEnvironmentalandDataCenteroftheUniversityofAlaskaispending.(g)OtherSectionsoftheStudyAdditionalworkiscontemplatedintheareasofcoal-firedgeneration.AreviewoftheadequacyofPhaseIstudyofenvironmentalimpactsisalsocontemplated.5-5TheinstitutewillholdaworkshopinDecembertoreviewtheassumptionsbehindtheeconomicprojections,andwillcooperatewithavarietyofothercommitteeconsultants.(b)ReviewoftheISERDemandWorkDr.BradfordTuck,aneconomistwiththeUniversityofAlaskaSchoolofBusiness,andEnergyProbe,ofToronto,willseparatelyanalyzeandcriticizepastdemandprojec-tionsaswellastheworkISERisundertakingforthecommittee.(c)PotentialofConservationandRenewableEnergyTheAlaskaCenterforPolicyStudieswillmanagethevari-ousportionsofthissectionofthestudy.TheworkwillincludeananalysisoftheendusesofenergyintheRail-beltarea,adeterminationofthepotentialforenergyconservationandtheuseofrenewableenergysources,adiscussionofthesocial,economicandpoliticalmeasuresnecessarytoachievetheconservationandrenewableenergypotential,andworkonconservationlegislationforthe1980session(HB364).Avarietyofsubcontractorswillcarryoutthespecifictasks.(d)NaturalGasThisportionofthestudywilladdressinstitutionallimit-ationsonthefutureuseofnaturalgasforpowergenera-tion,thefuturepriceandavailabilityofgas,theeffici-encyofgas-firedgenerationfacilities,andthepotentialfortheuseofnaturalgasindirectconsumerapplications.AproposalbyeconomistGregEricksonispending.(e)OverviewThissectionwouldaddressthehistoricalbackgroundofthesupplyofelectricpowerintherailbelt,surveythebasicpolicyquestionsatstakeintheSusitnadecision,deline-atefinancing questionsandaddressthedecision-makingstructureforSusitnaandotherpoweralternatives.AproposalbyeconomistArlonTussigispending.(f)SocioculturalImpactsThissectionwouldinvestigatetheeffectoftheconstruc-tionoftheSusitnadamonboththelocalareaandAlaska,andrelatethoseeffectstobothahistoricalandanorma-tivecontext.AproposalbytheArcticEnvironmentalandDataCenteroftheUniversityofAlaskaispending.(g)OtherSectionsoftheStudyAdditionalworkiscontemplatedintheareasofcoal-firedgeneration.AreviewoftheadequacyofPhaseIstudyofenvironmentalimpactsisalsocontemplated.5-5 (2)AssessmentsofhydroelectricandotherelectricgenerationpotentialthroughouttheStateandparticularlyinorneartheRailbeltArea,tobeundertakenbyothersfromtimetotimeundercontracttoAPA.(3)OngoingworkbytheAlaskaDistrict,U.S.ArmyCorpsofEngineers,ontheBradleyLakeProjectandotherhydroelectricstudies.(4)StudiesundertakenfortheAlaskaPowerAdministration,includ-inginparticularastudyofwindgenerationpotentialintheCookInletRegion.5-6(2)AssessmentsofhydroelectricandotherelectricgenerationpotentialthroughouttheStateandparticularlyinorneartheRailbeltArea,tobeundertakenbyothersfromtimetotimeundercontracttoAPA.(3)OngoingworkbytheAlaskaDistrict,U.S.ArmyCorpsofEngineers,ontheBradleyLakeProjectandotherhydroelectricstudies.(4)StudiesundertakenfortheAlaskaPowerAdministration,includ-inginparticularastudyofwindgenerationpotentialintheCookInletRegion.5-6 Subtask1.01-ReviewoftheISERWorkPlanandMethodologies(a)ObjectiveCriticallyreviewtheworkplanandthemethodologiesdevelopedbytheUniversityofAlaska'sInstituteofSocialandEconomicResearch(ISER)forforecastingenergydemands.ReviewandcommentuponthosewrittendocumentspreparedbyISERasapartofitsstudy.Thesedocumentswillinclude,butwillnotbelimitedto,thosedocumentslistedundersection(b)ofthisSubtask.ReachathoroughunderstandingoftheassumptionsusedbyISERinitswork.ExchangeinformationwithISERregardingdataneededbytheAcresteaminitssubsequentwork.EnsureadequatedataoutputbytheISERthroughcoordinationefforts.(b)ApproachISERisundercontractwiththeStateofAlaska'sLegislativeAffairsAgencytodevelopprojectionsofthepossiblefutureenergyconsumptiontrendsfortheRailbeltRegion.Asapartofthiswork,itisrespon-siblefordevelopingthemethodologiesusedfortheprojection;forthecollectionofdatausedinitsmodels;forproducingprojectionsdetailingtheenergyconsumptiontrendsforsixcategoriesofconsumersinthreedistinctlydifferentareasoftheRailbelt.Thesixcatego-riesofconsumersforwhichindividualgrowthprojectionswillbemadeare:-Residential-Commercial-Nonself-suppliedindustrial-Self-suppliedindustrial-Potentialindustrial-Userswhocannotbesuppliedbytheurbanpowergrids.Thethreegeographicalareaswhichwillbestudiedindividuallyare:-TheAnchorage-CookInletareawhichformsthesouthwesternsectionoftheRailbeltRegion.ThisareawillincludetheKenaiPeninsula.-TheFairbanks-TananaValleyarea,lyingtothenorth.-TheGlenallen-Valdezareawhichisthesoutheasternareaunderstudy.Thesethreestudyregionsarerelativelydistinctareasofloadconcen-tration.TheapproachtakenbytheISER,asbroadlydescribedinitscontractwiththeAlaskaLegislativeAffairsAgency,andasfurtherdefinedinits"DetailedWorkPlan"datedNovember14,1979,consistsoffourmajorareasofeffort:5-7Subtask1.01-ReviewoftheISERWorkPlanandMethodologies(a)ObjectiveCriticallyreviewtheworkplanandthemethodologiesdevelopedbytheUniversityofAlaska'sInstituteofSocialandEconomicResearch(ISER)forforecastingenergydemands.ReviewandcommentuponthosewrittendocumentspreparedbyISERasapartofitsstudy.Thesedocumentswillinclude,butwillnotbelimitedto,thosedocumentslistedundersection(b)ofthisSubtask.ReachathoroughunderstandingoftheassumptionsusedbyISERinitswork.ExchangeinformationwithISERregardingdataneededbytheAcresteaminitssubsequentwork.EnsureadequatedataoutputbytheISERthroughcoordinationefforts.(b)ApproachISERisundercontractwiththeStateofAlaska'sLegislativeAffairsAgencytodevelopprojectionsofthepossiblefutureenergyconsumptiontrendsfortheRailbeltRegion.Asapartofthiswork,itisrespon-siblefordevelopingthemethodologiesusedfortheprojection;forthecollectionofdatausedinitsmodels;forproducingprojectionsdetailingtheenergyconsumptiontrendsforsixcategoriesofconsumersinthreedistinctlydifferentareasoftheRailbelt.Thesixcatego-riesofconsumersforwhichindividualgrowthprojectionswillbemadeare:-Residential-Commercial-Nonself-suppliedindustrial-Self-suppliedindustrial-Potentialindustrial-Userswhocannotbesuppliedbytheurbanpowergrids.Thethreegeographicalareaswhichwillbestudiedindividuallyare:-TheAnchorage-CookInletareawhichformsthesouthwesternsectionoftheRailbeltRegion.ThisareawillincludetheKenaiPeninsula.-TheFairbanks-TananaValleyarea,lyingtothenorth.-TheGlenallen-Valdezareawhichisthesoutheasternareaunderstudy.Thesethreestudyregionsarerelativelydistinctareasofloadconcen-tration.TheapproachtakenbytheISER,asbroadlydescribedinitscontractwiththeAlaskaLegislativeAffairsAgency,andasfurtherdefinedinits"DetailedWorkPlan"datedNovember14,1979,consistsoffourmajorareasofeffort:5-7 (1)Areviewofavailableeconometricforcastingmethodsandmodels.ThemostapparentlysuitablemodelwillbeselectedforfurtheruseinISERwork.Awrittenreportwillbeproduceddescribingtheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofthemethodswhichwerestudied.(2)Areviewoftheavailableelectricalenergyconsumptionforecastingmethods.ThemostapparentlysuitablemethodwillbeselectedforfurtheruseinISERwork.Awrittenreportwilldocumenttheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofthemethodswhichwerestudied.(3)Dataneededforimplementationoftheforecastsof1and2abovewillbecollectedandanalyzedtodetermineitslimitationsandpotentialuses.Awrittenreportwilldescribethedatacollectionandtheusestowhichitwillbeputinfuturework.(4)Incorporationofallappropriatedataintotheeconometricandelectricenergyuseforecastingmodels.Thesemodelswillthenbeusedtopredictelectricalenergyconsumptionthroughtheyear2005.Inputstothemodelswillbevariedtoproducevaluesofenergyconsumptiongrowthatthemostlikelylevel,thehighestprobablelevel,andthelowestprobablelevel.Asageneralrule,thescenariomethodimpliesaconsistentdescriptionofasystem'sevolutionbyfixing,throughexogenousassumptions,theevolutionofthescenariocomponents:thosevariablescharacteristicofthesystem.ThecomponentsselectedbytheISERaswellastheassumptionsuponwhichthedecisionstoselectthosecomponentsliewillbecriticallyreviewed.Finally,theelectricityuseprojectionmethodologydevelopedbyISERandthestepsinvolvedinitsuse,namelymodeldesign,regressionequation,andforecasting,willbeexamined.Modeldesigninvolvestheselectionoftheindependentvariableswhichaffectmodeloutputandtheformulationofthemathematicalrelationsbetweenthosevariables.Estimationoftheformtakenbytheregressionequationinvolvestheuseofhistoricaldata.Limitationsinthedatamay,insomecases,precludetheuseofotherwiserelevantvariables.Availabilityofdatawillbestudied.Astatisticalanalysisofthemodel'saccuracyandvaliditywillbeundertaken.Theresponsibilityforincorporationoftheweerecommendations,aswellasthevalidityofthemodelandtheaccuracyofitsprojections,willbethatofISER.(c)DiscussionItistheresponsibilityoftheAcresteamtocarefullyevaluatethestepsundertakenbytheISERindevelopingitsenergyconsumption5-8(1)Areviewofavailableeconometricforcastingmethodsandmodels.ThemostapparentlysuitablemodelwillbeselectedforfurtheruseinISERwork.Awrittenreportwillbeproduceddescribingtheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofthemethodswhichwerestudied.(2)Areviewoftheavailableelectricalenergyconsumptionforecastingmethods.ThemostapparentlysuitablemethodwillbeselectedforfurtheruseinISERwork.Awrittenreportwilldocumenttheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofthemethodswhichwerestudied.(3)Dataneededforimplementationoftheforecastsof1and2abovewillbecollectedandanalyzedtodetermineitslimitationsandpotentialuses.Awrittenreportwilldescribethedatacollectionandtheusestowhichitwillbeputinfuturework.(4)Incorporationofallappropriatedataintotheeconometricandelectricenergyuseforecastingmodels.Thesemodelswillthenbeusedtopredictelectricalenergyconsumptionthroughtheyear2005.Inputstothemodelswillbevariedtoproducevaluesofenergyconsumptiongrowthatthemostlikelylevel,thehighestprobablelevel,andthelowestprobablelevel.Asageneralrule,thescenariomethodimpliesaconsistentdescriptionofasystem'sevolutionbyfixing,throughexogenousassumptions,theevolutionofthescenariocomponents:thosevariablescharacteristicofthesystem.ThecomponentsselectedbytheISERaswellastheassumptionsuponwhichthedecisionstoselectthosecomponentsliewillbecriticallyreviewed.Finally,theelectricityuseprojectionmethodologydevelopedbyISERandthestepsinvolvedinitsuse,namelymodeldesign,regressionequation,andforecasting,willbeexamined.Modeldesigninvolvestheselectionoftheindependentvariableswhichaffectmodeloutputandtheformulationofthemathematicalrelationsbetweenthosevariables.Estimationoftheformtakenbytheregressionequationinvolvestheuseofhistoricaldata.Limitationsinthedatamay,insomecases,precludetheuseofotherwiserelevantvariables.Availabilityofdatawillbestudied.Astatisticalanalysisofthemodel'saccuracyandvaliditywillbeundertaken.Theresponsibilityforincorporationoftheweerecommendations,aswellasthevalidityofthemodelandtheaccuracyofitsprojections,willbethatofISER.(c)DiscussionItistheresponsibilityoftheAcresteamtocarefullyevaluatethestepsundertakenbytheISERindevelopingitsenergyconsumption5-8 projections.Undoubtedly,tosuccessfullyaccomplishsubsequentTask1work,itisimperativethattheAcresteamhaveathoroughunderstandingof,andahighdegreeofconfidence,intheworkofISER.ThiscancomeonlybyclosecooperationbetweenmembersofACRESteamandthoseinvolvedintheISERwork.ISERsubmittedadetailedworkplantotheAlaskaPowerAuthority(APA)datedNovember14,1979.ThisworkplanwillbereviewedandmodificationswillbesuggestedtoISERifitisdeemedappropriate.TheenergyandeconometricmodelingmethodologiesandthedevelopmentscenariosproposedbyISERwillbereviewedforthevalidityoftheirassumptions.(d)ScheduleWeeks1through125-9projections.Undoubtedly,tosuccessfullyaccomplishsubsequentTask1work,itisimperativethattheAcresteamhaveathoroughunderstandingof,andahighdegreeofconfidence,intheworkofISER.ThiscancomeonlybyclosecooperationbetweenmembersofACRESteamandthoseinvolvedintheISERwork.ISERsubmittedadetailedworkplantotheAlaskaPowerAuthority(APA)datedNovember14,1979.ThisworkplanwillbereviewedandmodificationswillbesuggestedtoISERifitisdeemedappropriate.TheenergyandeconometricmodelingmethodologiesandthedevelopmentscenariosproposedbyISERwillbereviewedforthevalidityoftheirassumptions.(d)ScheduleWeeks1through125-9 Subtask1.02-ForecastingPeakLoadOemand(a)ObjectiveDerivescenariosdescribingareasonablerangeofload(kW)andloaddurationcurveforecastsforthesystemthroughtheyear2010.PreparedatainaformadequateforincorporationinthepowersystemmodeltobedevelopedinSubtask1.04.(b)ApproachBasedonprojectionsofenergy(kWh)consumptionasdevelopedbyISER(seeSubtask1.01),annualpower(kW)demandsforeachofthethreedefinedRailbeltRegionswillbeforecastthroughyear2010.Theforecastswillincludebothpeakloadlevelsandtheshapeoftheloaddemandovertimeintheformofloaddurationcurves.Toensurethatthemaximumaccuracyofthesystemmodelisrealized,loaddurationcurveswillbedevelopedforbothtypicalweekendandmidweekdays.Thesedatawillbeproducedseparatelyforeachofthethreegeographicareasofthestudyregionandforeachofthesixconsumergroupswithineachofthoseregions.(c)DiscussionAsnotedinSubtask1.01,ISERwillprepareprojectionsoffutureenergyconsumptionintheRailbeltarea.ISERwillnotpredictpeakpowerdemands(kW)orloaddurationcurves.Itshallbetheresponsibilityofwee;underthesuperV1SlonofAcres,toproducethesedatainamannerwhichisconsistentwiththeeconomic,social,politicalandtechnicalassumptionsmadebytheISERwhendevelopingtheirenergyconsumptionforecasts.ItisintendedthattheforecaststobedevelopedbyweesatisfythedualpurposeoffillingoutISERdataintoatotalpictureofelectricaldemandforthestudyperiodandofprovidingdetaileddatatoSubtask1.04fordirectutilizationinthegenerationplanningmodel.Thisrequireddatawillincludeconsiderationofloadshapesonamonthlybasisaswellastypicaldailyloadshapesforweek-dayandweekendoccurrences.Loaddurationcurvesdescribethepercentageoftimethatapowersystemoperatesatanyfractionofitsfullpowerlevel.Loaddurationcurvescanbedevelopedonanannual,seasonal,monthlyorevenadailybasis.Aloaddurationcurvecanbeinterpretedtoyieldtheaveragepowerlevelforthetimeperioddescribedbythecurve.Theaverage-to-peakratioisknownastheloadfactorofthesystem.Severalmethodscanbeusedtoproducepeakload(kW)forecastsonceenergy(kWh)consumptionpredictionshavebeenmade.Thebasicprocedureistodividetheenergyconsumption(kWh)ofagiventimeperiodbytheproductofthatperiod'slength(inhours)anditsloadfactor,toobtainpower(kW).5-10Subtask1.02-ForecastingPeakLoadOemand(a)ObjectiveDerivescenariosdescribingareasonablerangeofload(kW)andloaddurationcurveforecastsforthesystemthroughtheyear2010.PreparedatainaformadequateforincorporationinthepowersystemmodeltobedevelopedinSubtask1.04.(b)ApproachBasedonprojectionsofenergy(kWh)consumptionasdevelopedbyISER(seeSubtask1.01),annualpower(kW)demandsforeachofthethreedefinedRailbeltRegionswillbeforecastthroughyear2010.Theforecastswillincludebothpeakloadlevelsandtheshapeoftheloaddemandovertimeintheformofloaddurationcurves.Toensurethatthemaximumaccuracyofthesystemmodelisrealized,loaddurationcurveswillbedevelopedforbothtypicalweekendandmidweekdays.Thesedatawillbeproducedseparatelyforeachofthethreegeographicareasofthestudyregionandforeachofthesixconsumergroupswithineachofthoseregions.(c)DiscussionAsnotedinSubtask1.01,ISERwillprepareprojectionsoffutureenergyconsumptionintheRailbeltarea.ISERwillnotpredictpeakpowerdemands(kW)orloaddurationcurves.Itshallbetheresponsibilityofwee;underthesuperV1SlonofAcres,toproducethesedatainamannerwhichisconsistentwiththeeconomic,social,politicalandtechnicalassumptionsmadebytheISERwhendevelopingtheirenergyconsumptionforecasts.ItisintendedthattheforecaststobedevelopedbyweesatisfythedualpurposeoffillingoutISERdataintoatotalpictureofelectricaldemandforthestudyperiodandofprovidingdetaileddatatoSubtask1.04fordirectutilizationinthegenerationplanningmodel.Thisrequireddatawillincludeconsiderationofloadshapesonamonthlybasisaswellastypicaldailyloadshapesforweek-dayandweekendoccurrences.Loaddurationcurvesdescribethepercentageoftimethatapowersystemoperatesatanyfractionofitsfullpowerlevel.Loaddurationcurvescanbedevelopedonanannual,seasonal,monthlyorevenadailybasis.Aloaddurationcurvecanbeinterpretedtoyieldtheaveragepowerlevelforthetimeperioddescribedbythecurve.Theaverage-to-peakratioisknownastheloadfactorofthesystem.Severalmethodscanbeusedtoproducepeakload(kW)forecastsonceenergy(kWh)consumptionpredictionshavebeenmade.Thebasicprocedureistodividetheenergyconsumption(kWh)ofagiventimeperiodbytheproductofthatperiod'slength(inhours)anditsloadfactor,toobtainpower(kW).5-10 Fortheabovediscussion,itisevidentthatacrucialpointinproduc-ingcredibleloadforecastsisthedevelopmentoftheloaddurationcurves.Theavailablemethodsandthedegreetowhichtheywillbeappliedtothesystemunderstudy,willbereviewedtodeterminetheirsuitabilitytotheproblemathand.(d)OutputSincethesubsequentTask1workisdependentupontheeffortsofthisSubtask,itisimperativethatthedataproducedbythisworkisaccu-rate,completeandinareadilyusableform,Discussionsofallmethodsusedandassumptionsmademustbeproducedinreportformtosupportthepowerandloaddurationdata.ForuseinthesystemmodelingworkofSubtask1.04,thefollowingdataarerequired:-Month-to-annualpeakloadratiosforfull12monthperiod.-Fortypicalweekendandmidweekdays,hourly-to-monthlyloadratios,arrangedindescendingorder,monthtomonth.-Perunitpeakloadratiosassociatedwiththe0,20,40and100percentpointsonthemonthlyloaddurationcurvemonthbymonth.-Peakpowerlevel,annual.-Theyear-to-yearvariationsofthequantitiesa -d,above.Toremainconsistentwithearlierwork,dataoutputswillbebrokendownalongthesamegeographicalandconsumerlinesastheenergypredictionsoftheISER.(e)ScheduleWeeks8through265-11Fortheabovediscussion,itisevidentthatacrucialpointinproduc-ingcredibleloadforecastsisthedevelopmentoftheloaddurationcurves.Theavailablemethodsandthedegreetowhichtheywillbeappliedtothesystemunderstudy,willbereviewedtodeterminetheirsuitabilitytotheproblemathand.(d)OutputSincethesubsequentTask1workisdependentupontheeffortsofthisSubtask,itisimperativethatthedataproducedbythisworkisaccu-rate,completeandinareadilyusableform,Discussionsofallmethodsusedandassumptionsmademustbeproducedinreportformtosupportthepowerandloaddurationdata.ForuseinthesystemmodelingworkofSubtask1.04,thefollowingdataarerequired:-Month-to-annualpeakloadratiosforfull12monthperiod.-Fortypicalweekendandmidweekdays,hourly-to-monthlyloadratios,arrangedindescendingorder,monthtomonth.-Perunitpeakloadratiosassociatedwiththe0,20,40and100percentpointsonthemonthlyloaddurationcurvemonthbymonth.-Peakpowerlevel,annual.-Theyear-to-yearvariationsofthequantitiesa -d,above.Toremainconsistentwithearlierwork,dataoutputswillbebrokendownalongthesamegeographicalandconsumerlinesastheenergypredictionsoftheISER.(e)ScheduleWeeks8through265-11 Subtask1.03-IdentificationofPowerAlternatives(a)ObjectiveIdentifyandselectforevaluationpurposesalternativepowersourcesappropriateforinclusioninfutureAlaskaRailbeltRegionload-growthscenarios.(b)ApproachThissubtaskwillbesubdividedintotwofurtherworkpackages:-Non-hydroalternatives-HydroandtidalalternativesThesepackageswi11beundertakenconcurrently,non-hydroalternativesbeingdevelopedbyWoodward-ClydeConsultants,Anchorageandhydroandtida1alternativesbyAcresAmericanandTES.Eachpackagewi11includeappropriateanalysestoidentifywhich(ifany)energysourceswouldbeviablealternativestotheSusitnaProject.Theevaluationwi11includeaninitialreviewoftheMarch1978"AnalysisofFutureRequirementsandSupplyAlternativesfortheRailbeltRegion"publishedbyBattelleLaboratories.Indecidingifaparticularsystemorgroupofsystemscouldbeaviablealternative,fivebasicfactorsmustbeconsidered:-Anticipateddemand(locationandamount)thattheSusitnaProjectmustsupply,-Themaximumamountofpower(orreductionindemandforpower)thatcouldbesuppliedtotheAlaskaRailbeltRegionbyeachalternative,-Thecostperunitofelectricitysuppliedbyeachalternative,-Constructionandlicensingscheduleofeachalternative,-Thenon-costimpactofimplementingeachalternative.Theintentwillbetoexaminethewidestpossiblerangeofalternativeswhilerelying,asmuchaspossible,onpublisheddata.(c)Non-hydroA1ternativesThenon-hydroalternativestobeexaminedinclude"traditional"energysourcessuchascoalorgas-firedsteamturbines,combustionturbines(includingcombinedcycledesign),dieselelectricsystemsandnuclearpowerplants(however,itismostunlikelythatthenuclearalternativewillreceiveseriousconsiderationinAlaska).StudiesundertakentodatefortheRailbeltRegionsuggestthatdevelopmentoftheBelugaandNenanacoalfieldsarelikelytoprovetobethelargestviablealter-nativeresources.PublisheddataalreadydevelopedbyWoodward-ClydeConsultantsonbehalfoftheGoldenValleyElectricAssociationwillbeusedintheproposedstudy."Non-traditional"alternativeswill5-12Subtask1.03-IdentificationofPowerAlternatives(a)ObjectiveIdentifyandselectforevaluationpurposesalternativepowersourcesappropriateforinclusioninfutureAlaskaRailbeltRegionload-growthscenarios.(b)ApproachThissubtaskwillbesubdividedintotwofurtherworkpackages:-Non-hydroalternatives-HydroandtidalalternativesThesepackageswi11beundertakenconcurrently,non-hydroalternativesbeingdevelopedbyWoodward-ClydeConsultants,Anchorageandhydroandtida1alternativesbyAcresAmericanandTES.Eachpackagewi11includeappropriateanalysestoidentifywhich(ifany)energysourceswouldbeviablealternativestotheSusitnaProject.Theevaluationwi11includeaninitialreviewoftheMarch1978"AnalysisofFutureRequirementsandSupplyAlternativesfortheRailbeltRegion"publishedbyBattelleLaboratories.Indecidingifaparticularsystemorgroupofsystemscouldbeaviablealternative,fivebasicfactorsmustbeconsidered:-Anticipateddemand(locationandamount)thattheSusitnaProjectmustsupply,-Themaximumamountofpower(orreductionindemandforpower)thatcouldbesuppliedtotheAlaskaRailbeltRegionbyeachalternative,-Thecostperunitofelectricitysuppliedbyeachalternative,-Constructionandlicensingscheduleofeachalternative,-Thenon-costimpactofimplementingeachalternative.Theintentwillbetoexaminethewidestpossiblerangeofalternativeswhilerelying,asmuchaspossible,onpublisheddata.(c)Non-hydroA1ternativesThenon-hydroalternativestobeexaminedinclude"traditional"energysourcessuchascoalorgas-firedsteamturbines,combustionturbines(includingcombinedcycledesign),dieselelectricsystemsandnuclearpowerplants(however,itismostunlikelythatthenuclearalternativewillreceiveseriousconsiderationinAlaska).StudiesundertakentodatefortheRailbeltRegionsuggestthatdevelopmentoftheBelugaandNenanacoalfieldsarelikelytoprovetobethelargestviablealter-nativeresources.PublisheddataalreadydevelopedbyWoodward-ClydeConsultantsonbehalfoftheGoldenValleyElectricAssociationwillbeusedintheproposedstudy."Non-traditional"alternativeswill5-12 includesolargeneration,windbiomass,geothermal,andenergyfromwoodqndmunicipalwaste.TheAlaskaPowerAdministrationispresentlypursuingastudyofthepotentialofferedbywindgenerationintheCookInletRegion.Theresultsofthisstudywillbeutilizedintheevaluationofnon-hydroalternatives.Conservationmeasuresofvariouskindsmayberegardedas"non-structural"alternatives.Totheextentthatconservationcanproduceareductionintotalenergydemand,itleadstochangesindemandprojections.TheISERmodelwillbestructuredtopermitconsiderationoftheeffectsofconservationondemandprojection.Anotherkindofconservationeffortalsoispossible.Rather thanyieldingabsolutereductionsinannualenergydemand,itcansmoothoutotherwiseextremeloadfluctuationsoccuringonanygivenday.Thislatterkindofconservationeffortcanpermitmoreefficientuseofexistinggenerationresources,therebydeferringtheneedforfutureexpansion.Whereasthestrategyofreducingtotaldemandwillinfluencedemandforecasts,the"smoothingout"typeofconservationmustbeconsideredinthissubtask.Thisconsiderationwilltakeintoaccountnotonlyvoluntarymeasures,butalsocertainforcedmeasurestoincludetimeofdaypricing(aneconomicincentivetouseenergyconsumptiveappliancesduringoff-peakhours),demandcontrols(suchasdevicestolimitthemaximumamountofelectricenergyprovidedtoaparticulardistributionpoint)andmoreefficientuseofexistingsystemresources(suchasprovidingintertiesbetweengeneratingstationswhichwouldotherwiseindependentlydealwithdifferentpeakloadrequirements.ConsiderationwillalsobegiventotheimpactofpossiblechangesingovernmentpolicywithregardtousesofAlaskannaturalgas,thepossible"non-action"alternative,possibleconservationlegislation(HB364),andtheconstructionofanAnchorage-Fairbankstransmissionintertiealone,inlieuoftheproject.(d)HydroandTidalAlternativesThehydroalternativewillnotnecessarilyinvolveasingleconven-tiona1hydroprojectandmayconsistofagroupofsmallerhydroprojectswith,forinstance,agas-turbineinstallationtoprovidefirmcapacitybackuporsomesimilarcombinationmeetingthescreeningcriteria--alongwithconservationmeasureswhichcouldservetolimitprojectedgrowth.WithintheSouthcentralRailbeltofAlaska,theSusitnaandCopperRiverdrainagebasinsandothersmallrivers,includingCrescent,Chakachatna,Beluga,Yentna,SkiventnaChulitna,Talkeetna,Bradley(Creek)andLovewereidentifiedinthe1976AlaskaPowerSurveybytheFederalPowerCommissionashavingsignificantconventionalhydropowerpotentials.Thisstudyidentified23projects,includingDevilCanyon,WatanaandVeeontheSusitna,withapotentialinst.alledcapacityforall23sitesof8,419megawatts.Therearecurrentlyindicationsthatthe70MWBradleyLakeProjectintheKenaiPeninsulamaybedevelopedintheforeseeablefuture.CurrentstudiesarealsobeingundertakenwiththeAlaskaPowerAdministrationtoidentify"smallhydro"potentia1.5-13includesolargeneration,windbiomass,geothermal,andenergyfromwoodqndmunicipalwaste.TheAlaskaPowerAdministrationispresentlypursuingastudyofthepotentialofferedbywindgenerationintheCookInletRegion.Theresultsofthisstudywillbeutilizedintheevaluationofnon-hydroalternatives.Conservationmeasuresofvariouskindsmayberegardedas"non-structural"alternatives.Totheextentthatconservationcanproduceareductionintotalenergydemand,itleadstochangesindemandprojections.TheISERmodelwillbestructuredtopermitconsiderationoftheeffectsofconservationondemandprojection.Anotherkindofconservationeffortalsoispossible.Rather thanyieldingabsolutereductionsinannualenergydemand,itcansmoothoutotherwiseextremeloadfluctuationsoccuringonanygivenday.Thislatterkindofconservationeffortcanpermitmoreefficientuseofexistinggenerationresources,therebydeferringtheneedforfutureexpansion.Whereasthestrategyofreducingtotaldemandwillinfluencedemandforecasts,the"smoothingout"typeofconservationmustbeconsideredinthissubtask.Thisconsiderationwilltakeintoaccountnotonlyvoluntarymeasures,butalsocertainforcedmeasurestoincludetimeofdaypricing(aneconomicincentivetouseenergyconsumptiveappliancesduringoff-peakhours),demandcontrols(suchasdevicestolimitthemaximumamountofelectricenergyprovidedtoaparticulardistributionpoint)andmoreefficientuseofexistingsystemresources(suchasprovidingintertiesbetweengeneratingstationswhichwouldotherwiseindependentlydealwithdifferentpeakloadrequirements.ConsiderationwillalsobegiventotheimpactofpossiblechangesingovernmentpolicywithregardtousesofAlaskannaturalgas,thepossible"non-action"alternative,possibleconservationlegislation(HB364),andtheconstructionofanAnchorage-Fairbankstransmissionintertiealone,inlieuoftheproject.(d)HydroandTidalAlternativesThehydroalternativewillnotnecessarilyinvolveasingleconven-tiona1hydroprojectandmayconsistofagroupofsmallerhydroprojectswith,forinstance,agas-turbineinstallationtoprovidefirmcapacitybackuporsomesimilarcombinationmeetingthescreeningcriteria--alongwithconservationmeasureswhichcouldservetolimitprojectedgrowth.WithintheSouthcentralRailbeltofAlaska,theSusitnaandCopperRiverdrainagebasinsandothersmallrivers,includingCrescent,Chakachatna,Beluga,Yentna,SkiventnaChulitna,Talkeetna,Bradley(Creek)andLovewereidentifiedinthe1976AlaskaPowerSurveybytheFederalPowerCommissionashavingsignificantconventionalhydropowerpotentials.Thisstudyidentified23projects,includingDevilCanyon,WatanaandVeeontheSusitna,withapotentialinst.alledcapacityforall23sitesof8,419megawatts.Therearecurrentlyindicationsthatthe70MWBradleyLakeProjectintheKenaiPeninsulamaybedevelopedintheforeseeablefuture.CurrentstudiesarealsobeingundertakenwiththeAlaskaPowerAdministrationtoidentify"smallhydro"potentia1.5-13 Theabovereferences,inadditiontootherearlierworkbytheBureauofReclamationandCorpsofEngineersandthemostrecentnationalHydropowerStudyinventorybytheCorpsofEngineers,willbeusedtodevelopanoverallscopeofavailablehydropotentialintheregion.ThesourceswillalsobeusedtodevelopaspecificalternativewhichcouldsatisfyprojectedloaddemandsatleastaswellastheSusitnaProject.PublishedreportsonthepotentialfordevelopmentofthetidalpowerresourcesoftheCookInletRegionwillbereviewedforconsiderationofthisalternative.(e)DiscussionTheanalysisofenergysupplyalternativesfortheRailbeltRegionrequiresinputfromSubtask1.02aswellastheforecastingworkperformedbytheISERasdescribedinSubtask1.01.TheseeffortsdescribetheanticipatedneedforthepowerandenergywhichwillbeconsumedintheRailbeltRegion,regardlessofitsultimatesource.Theloaddurationcurves,thedistributionofpowerdemandoveragivenperiodoftime,arealsoanimportantpartofthealternativesstudy.Dependinguponthegeneralshapeoftheloaddurationcurves,variousalternativesmayberecognizedasbeingparticularlyattractivetomeetthefutureneedsoftheRailbeltRegion.Concurrentwiththedemandestimationphase(Subtask1.02),anevalua-tionwillbemadeoftheamountofenergythatcanbesuppliedbyeachofthetechnologiesconsidered.ThiswillinvolveapreliminaryreviewoftheestimatedamountofeachenergyresourceavailableinAlaska,includingsuchitemsascoalandoilreserves,solar,windandtidalpatternsandgeothermalaswellasotherhydroelectricresources.Theestimatesfordevelopingtechnologieswillalsoincludetheavailabi-litydateforcommercialuse.Preliminarycostestimateswillbedevelopedforeachtechnology(cost/unitenergy)basedonthemanyexistingstudies(forexamplesee"CaliforniaElectricityGenerationMethodsAssessmentProject",1976).Thesecostestimatesmayvarywiththeamountofenergydelivered,reflectingthenecessitytousescarcerresources.Thesupplyestimatesforeachalternativewi11becomparedtotheprojecteddemandtodeterminewhatpercentageofthedemandeachalternativecanmeet.Itmaybethatsomealternativescannotsupplyanyofthedemandatreasonablecost.Thesecanbeimmediatelyelimi-natedfromconsideration.Or,itmaybethatatechnologyiscosteffectivebutcannotmeetthetotalexpecteddemand.Inthiscase,severaltechnologieswillbecombinedtomakeasinglealternativesystemtocomparewiththeSusitnaproject.Themostviabletechnologies(orgroupsoftechnologies)willthenbereducedtoasetofwell-definedpowergenerationalternativesformoredetailedanalysis.Theanalysiswillincludeadetailedcostanalysisofeachalternative(stillbasedprimarilyonpublishedstudies).Thiscostanalysiswillincludecapitalcosts(includingtransmissionsyste~),operation,maintenanceandfuelcost,capacityfactor5-14Theabovereferences,inadditiontootherearlierworkbytheBureauofReclamationandCorpsofEngineersandthemostrecentnationalHydropowerStudyinventorybytheCorpsofEngineers,willbeusedtodevelopanoverallscopeofavailablehydropotentialintheregion.ThesourceswillalsobeusedtodevelopaspecificalternativewhichcouldsatisfyprojectedloaddemandsatleastaswellastheSusitnaProject.PublishedreportsonthepotentialfordevelopmentofthetidalpowerresourcesoftheCookInletRegionwillbereviewedforconsiderationofthisalternative.(e)DiscussionTheanalysisofenergysupplyalternativesfortheRailbeltRegionrequiresinputfromSubtask1.02aswellastheforecastingworkperformedbytheISERasdescribedinSubtask1.01.TheseeffortsdescribetheanticipatedneedforthepowerandenergywhichwillbeconsumedintheRailbeltRegion,regardlessofitsultimatesource.Theloaddurationcurves,thedistributionofpowerdemandoveragivenperiodoftime,arealsoanimportantpartofthealternativesstudy.Dependinguponthegeneralshapeoftheloaddurationcurves,variousalternativesmayberecognizedasbeingparticularlyattractivetomeetthefutureneedsoftheRailbeltRegion.Concurrentwiththedemandestimationphase(Subtask1.02),anevalua-tionwillbemadeoftheamountofenergythatcanbesuppliedbyeachofthetechnologiesconsidered.ThiswillinvolveapreliminaryreviewoftheestimatedamountofeachenergyresourceavailableinAlaska,includingsuchitemsascoalandoilreserves,solar,windandtidalpatternsandgeothermalaswellasotherhydroelectricresources.Theestimatesfordevelopingtechnologieswillalsoincludetheavailabi-litydateforcommercialuse.Preliminarycostestimateswillbedevelopedforeachtechnology(cost/unitenergy)basedonthemanyexistingstudies(forexamplesee"CaliforniaElectricityGenerationMethodsAssessmentProject",1976).Thesecostestimatesmayvarywiththeamountofenergydelivered,reflectingthenecessitytousescarcerresources.Thesupplyestimatesforeachalternativewi11becomparedtotheprojecteddemandtodeterminewhatpercentageofthedemandeachalternativecanmeet.Itmaybethatsomealternativescannotsupplyanyofthedemandatreasonablecost.Thesecanbeimmediatelyelimi-natedfromconsideration.Or,itmaybethatatechnologyiscosteffectivebutcannotmeetthetotalexpecteddemand.Inthiscase,severaltechnologieswillbecombinedtomakeasinglealternativesystemtocomparewiththeSusitnaproject.Themostviabletechnologies(orgroupsoftechnologies)willthenbereducedtoasetofwell-definedpowergenerationalternativesformoredetailedanalysis.Theanalysiswillincludeadetailedcostanalysisofeachalternative(stillbasedprimarilyonpublishedstudies).Thiscostanalysiswillincludecapitalcosts(includingtransmissionsyste~),operation,maintenanceandfuelcost,capacityfactor5-14 estimationandpotentia1forconcurrentoperationssuchaswasteheatdistribution.Theemphasiswillbeonconsolidatingandcorrelatinginformationfromvarioussourcestoallowaconsistentcomparisonofalternatives.Aschedulinganalysiswillbeconductedtodeterminewhenthetechno-logy(s)forthealternativewillbeavailableandwhatleadtimesarenecessaryforconstruction.Finally,acomprehensiveevaluationwillbemadetoidentifythenon-costimpactsofeachalternative.Theseimpactsarelikelytoincludeenvironmentalimpacts(airquality,waterqualityandecology);publichealthandsafetyimpacts;socioeconomicimpacts(suchasa"boom-bust"cycleofpopulationduringplantconstruction);andthelicenseabilityofspecificalternativestotheextentthatnoinsurmountablelegalorenvironmentalbarriersareevident.Non-costconcernswi11beorganizedintoasetofattributesformeasuringtheoveralldesirabilityofeachalternativeandcombinedwithcostandschedulingconcernstoevaluateeachalternative.Theseattributeswillbedesignedtocovertherangeofidentifiedcon-cernswhilenotoverlappingwithoneanother.Eachattributewillhaveanassociatedscale(ormeasure)toidentifythelevelofachievementofeachalternativewithrespecttoattribute.Scaleswillbedesignedtobemeaningfultodecisionmakersandtobemeasurableusingexistingdataasmuchaspossible.Ifnonaturalscale(suchasdollarsforthecostattribute)exists,constructed(judgmental)scaleswillbeused.Theresultsofthisanalysiscanbepresentedinamatrixshowingthelevelachievedoneachattributeforeachalternative.(f)ScheduleWeeks20through355-15estimationandpotentia1forconcurrentoperationssuchaswasteheatdistribution.Theemphasiswillbeonconsolidatingandcorrelatinginformationfromvarioussourcestoallowaconsistentcomparisonofalternatives.Aschedulinganalysiswillbeconductedtodeterminewhenthetechno-logy(s)forthealternativewillbeavailableandwhatleadtimesarenecessaryforconstruction.Finally,acomprehensiveevaluationwillbemadetoidentifythenon-costimpactsofeachalternative.Theseimpactsarelikelytoincludeenvironmentalimpacts(airquality,waterqualityandecology);publichealthandsafetyimpacts;socioeconomicimpacts(suchasa"boom-bust"cycleofpopulationduringplantconstruction);andthelicenseabilityofspecificalternativestotheextentthatnoinsurmountablelegalorenvironmentalbarriersareevident.Non-costconcernswi11beorganizedintoasetofattributesformeasuringtheoveralldesirabilityofeachalternativeandcombinedwithcostandschedulingconcernstoevaluateeachalternative.Theseattributeswillbedesignedtocovertherangeofidentifiedcon-cernswhilenotoverlappingwithoneanother.Eachattributewillhaveanassociatedscale(ormeasure)toidentifythelevelofachievementofeachalternativewithrespecttoattribute.Scaleswillbedesignedtobemeaningfultodecisionmakersandtobemeasurableusingexistingdataasmuchaspossible.Ifnonaturalscale(suchasdollarsforthecostattribute)exists,constructed(judgmental)scaleswillbeused.Theresultsofthisanalysiscanbepresentedinamatrixshowingthelevelachievedoneachattributeforeachalternative.(f)ScheduleWeeks20through355-15 Subtask1.04-SelectionofViableExpansionSequences(a)ObjectiveTodeterminethetotalsystemcostsofselectedfutureRailbeltRegionexpansionsequences,bothwithandwithoutincorporationoftheSusitnaHydroelectricProject,andrankthepreferredgenerationexpansionscenarios.(b)ApproachThemoststraightforwardmethodofevaluatingthepotentialeconomicbenefitofahydroelectricprojectinagivensystemexpansionscenarioistocomparecapitalinvestmentandsystemoperatingcostsonanannualbasis,throughoutthetermofthestudy,fortwoscenarios:onewithoutthebenefitoftheproposedhydroproject;theotherwithit.Anumberofmathematicalmodelsareavailabletofacilitatethevastnumberofcalculationsinvolvedinthistypeofstudy.Insimplifiedterms,theuserofsuchamodelprovidestheprogramwithdatawhichincludesthecharacteristicsoftheforecastedloadsandthecharacter-istics,availabilityandcostsofgenerationsourceswhichwillbeavailablethroughouttheperiodofthestudy.Themodelthenselectsthegenerationsourcesavailabletoittosatifisytheprojectedloadinthemosteconomicalmanner.Toevaluatetheeconomicsofagivenproject,acomparisonmaybemadeoftotalannualcostsofthetwosystemscenariosonayear-by-yearbasisthroughoutthestudyperiod.Ifthesystemwiththehydroprojectavailableislesscostlythroughouttheplanningperiod,theprojectisobviouslyattractive(thoughnotnecessarilyselected,becauseimpactsmustalsobeaccountedfor).Conversely,ifthissystemismoreexpensiveinallyears,thentheprojectisunattractive.Itispossible,indeedlikely,thattheoutcomeofaneconomicevalua-tionwouldprovenottobesoclearcut.Itmaybethatthesystemincorporatingthehydroplantwouldbemoreexpensiveinsomeyearsofthestudy,andlessexpensiveinothers,thanthesystemwithoutthatproject.Inthissituation,itwouldbenecessarytoperformcompari-sonsbetweenpresentworthvaluesofoperatingcostforsystemsrepresentedbythetwoscenarios.Althoughsuchastrategymayprovideavalideconomiccomparison,theresultsmaybeinconclusive.Thisismostlikelytooccurinthecaseofahydroprojecthavingacapacitywhichisrelativelysmallwhencomparedtoitsconnectedsystem.Theeconomiccomparisonsmayproducearelativelysmalldifferenceintwolargenumbers.(c)SelectionofModelInthesearchforausablegenerationplanningcomputermodel,threec'racteristicsofthemodelareparamount:5-16Subtask1.04-SelectionofViableExpansionSequences(a)ObjectiveTodeterminethetotalsystemcostsofselectedfutureRailbeltRegionexpansionsequences,bothwithandwithoutincorporationoftheSusitnaHydroelectricProject,andrankthepreferredgenerationexpansionscenarios.(b)ApproachThemoststraightforwardmethodofevaluatingthepotentialeconomicbenefitofahydroelectricprojectinagivensystemexpansionscenarioistocomparecapitalinvestmentandsystemoperatingcostsonanannualbasis,throughoutthetermofthestudy,fortwoscenarios:onewithoutthebenefitoftheproposedhydroproject;theotherwithit.Anumberofmathematicalmodelsareavailabletofacilitatethevastnumberofcalculationsinvolvedinthistypeofstudy.Insimplifiedterms,theuserofsuchamodelprovidestheprogramwithdatawhichincludesthecharacteristicsoftheforecastedloadsandthecharacter-istics,availabilityandcostsofgenerationsourceswhichwillbeavailablethroughouttheperiodofthestudy.Themodelthenselectsthegenerationsourcesavailabletoittosatifisytheprojectedloadinthemosteconomicalmanner.Toevaluatetheeconomicsofagivenproject,acomparisonmaybemadeoftotalannualcostsofthetwosystemscenariosonayear-by-yearbasisthroughoutthestudyperiod.Ifthesystemwiththehydroprojectavailableislesscostlythroughouttheplanningperiod,theprojectisobviouslyattractive(thoughnotnecessarilyselected,becauseimpactsmustalsobeaccountedfor).Conversely,ifthissystemismoreexpensiveinallyears,thentheprojectisunattractive.Itispossible,indeedlikely,thattheoutcomeofaneconomicevalua-tionwouldprovenottobesoclearcut.Itmaybethatthesystemincorporatingthehydroplantwouldbemoreexpensiveinsomeyearsofthestudy,andlessexpensiveinothers,thanthesystemwithoutthatproject.Inthissituation,itwouldbenecessarytoperformcompari-sonsbetweenpresentworthvaluesofoperatingcostforsystemsrepresentedbythetwoscenarios.Althoughsuchastrategymayprovideavalideconomiccomparison,theresultsmaybeinconclusive.Thisismostlikelytooccurinthecaseofahydroprojecthavingacapacitywhichisrelativelysmallwhencomparedtoitsconnectedsystem.Theeconomiccomparisonsmayproducearelativelysmalldifferenceintwolargenumbers.(c)SelectionofModelInthesearchforausablegenerationplanningcomputermodel,threec'racteristicsofthemodelareparamount:5-16 -Flexibility--doesthemodelallowforavariedcombinationofalternatives?Accessibilityisthemodelpresentlyavailableandcanitbeusedwithaminimumoflearningtime?Reliabilityisthemodelactivelymaintainedbyitssupplierandhasitbeenusedbyotherutilityplanners?Apreliminarysurveyofthemarkethasrevealedonemodelwhichsatisfiesallthreecriteria.Othermodelsmaybeavailable,butthesearegenerallydevelopedeitherbyorforspecificutilitiestosolvetheirparticularproblemsortheyaresointricatesoastorequirespecialtrainingfortheiruse.ThecomputermodelselectedbyAcresforthisstudyistheGeneralElectricOptimizedGenerationProgram,VersionFive(OGP-V).SeveralofAcres'staffhavebecomefamiliarwiththeuseofthisprogramonotherstudiessimilartotheSusitnaalternativesevaluations.ThemodeliscurrentlybeingusedbyAcresfortheevaluationofsmallhydrositesintheeasternU.S.Earlierversionsofthemodel,OGP-IIIandOGP-IVwereusedinstudiesperformedfortheU.S.ArmyCorpsofEngineersinevaluatingalternativesforNewEnglandPowerSupplyscenariosthroughtheyear2000.ThisstudywaspartoftheEnvironmentalImpactStatementfortheproposed944MWDickey-LincolnSchoolLakesProjectinMaine.(d)OGP-VTheOGP-Vprogramcombinesthreemainfactorsofthegenerationexpansionplanningdecisionprocess:systemreliabilityevaluation,operationscostestimation,andinvestmentcostestimation.TheprogrambeginsbyevaluationofthepowersystemreliabilityinthefirststUdyyearbymeansofoneoftwomethods--eitherapercentage-of-reservescalculationorthecomputationofthelossofloadprobability(LOLP).Whenthesystemdemandlevelrisestothepointatwhicheithertheuser-specifiedreservelevelortheLOLPcriteriaisviolated,theprogram"installs"newgeneratingcapacity.Theprogramwilladdgenerationcapacityfromauser-providedlistofavailablesources.Aseachpossiblechoiceisevaluated,theprogramcarriesoutaproductioncostcalculationandaninvestmentcostcalculation,andeliminatesthoseunitsorcombinationsofunitswhoseadditiontothesystemresultsinhigherannualcostthanotherunitsorcombinations.Theprogramcontinuesinthismanneruntiltheleast-costsystemadditioncombinationisdeterminedforthatyear.Incaseswhereoperatingcostinflationispresent,orwhereoutageratesvarywithtime,OGP-Vhasalook-aheadfeaturewhichdevelopslevelizedfuelandO&Mcostsandmatureoutageratesouttotenyearsaheadofthe"present"time.Oncetheapparentleast-costadditionstothesystemnecessarytosatisfyreserveorLOLPcriteriahavebeenselected,theoptimumsystemisdescribed.5-17-Flexibility--doesthemodelallowforavariedcombinationofalternatives?Accessibilityisthemodelpresentlyavailableandcanitbeusedwithaminimumoflearningtime?Reliabilityisthemodelactivelymaintainedbyitssupplierandhasitbeenusedbyotherutilityplanners?Apreliminarysurveyofthemarkethasrevealedonemodelwhichsatisfiesallthreecriteria.Othermodelsmaybeavailable,butthesearegenerallydevelopedeitherbyorforspecificutilitiestosolvetheirparticularproblemsortheyaresointricatesoastorequirespecialtrainingfortheiruse.ThecomputermodelselectedbyAcresforthisstudyistheGeneralElectricOptimizedGenerationProgram,VersionFive(OGP-V).SeveralofAcres'staffhavebecomefamiliarwiththeuseofthisprogramonotherstudiessimilartotheSusitnaalternativesevaluations.ThemodeliscurrentlybeingusedbyAcresfortheevaluationofsmallhydrositesintheeasternU.S.Earlierversionsofthemodel,OGP-IIIandOGP-IVwereusedinstudiesperformedfortheU.S.ArmyCorpsofEngineersinevaluatingalternativesforNewEnglandPowerSupplyscenariosthroughtheyear2000.ThisstudywaspartoftheEnvironmentalImpactStatementfortheproposed944MWDickey-LincolnSchoolLakesProjectinMaine.(d)OGP-VTheOGP-Vprogramcombinesthreemainfactorsofthegenerationexpansionplanningdecisionprocess:systemreliabilityevaluation,operationscostestimation,andinvestmentcostestimation.TheprogrambeginsbyevaluationofthepowersystemreliabilityinthefirststUdyyearbymeansofoneoftwomethods--eitherapercentage-of-reservescalculationorthecomputationofthelossofloadprobability(LOLP).Whenthesystemdemandlevelrisestothepointatwhicheithertheuser-specifiedreservelevelortheLOLPcriteriaisviolated,theprogram"installs"newgeneratingcapacity.Theprogramwilladdgenerationcapacityfromauser-providedlistofavailablesources.Aseachpossiblechoiceisevaluated,theprogramcarriesoutaproductioncostcalculationandaninvestmentcostcalculation,andeliminatesthoseunitsorcombinationsofunitswhoseadditiontothesystemresultsinhigherannualcostthanotherunitsorcombinations.Theprogramcontinuesinthismanneruntiltheleast-costsystemadditioncombinationisdeterminedforthatyear.Incaseswhereoperatingcostinflationispresent,orwhereoutageratesvarywithtime,OGP-Vhasalook-aheadfeaturewhichdevelopslevelizedfuelandO&Mcostsandmatureoutageratesouttotenyearsaheadofthe"present"time.Oncetheapparentleast-costadditionstothesystemnecessarytosatisfyreserveorLOLPcriteriahavebeenselected,theoptimumsystemisdescribed.5-17 (e)DiscussionLoadforecastinganddailyloadvariationdatageneratedinSubtask1.02willbeusedasinputtothecomputermodeltogetherwiththefollowingtechnicalandeconomicplanningcriteria:-generationcapacityandenergyreserverequirements-retirementsofolderunits-costofmoney-economicdiscountrate-insuranceandtaxrates-economiclifetimeofequipment-effectsofcostescalation-period/ofanalysisThisdatawillbeestablishedinconsultationwithAlaskaPowerAuthority,otherutilitiesintheRailbeltRegionandotherpertinentagencies.Theanalysiswillbecarriedoutatthebaseratewithsensitivitytestingoverthepossiblerangeforselectedalternatives.Oneofthebenchmarksagainstwhichtheeconomicsofapowergeneratingfacilitymaybemeasuredistheeconomicsofitsalternatives.Inmanycases,itispossibletoidentifyspecificalternativesagainstwhichagivenprojectmaybedirectlycompared.Mostgeneratingprojectsareintendedforaspecificoperatingregimewithinthepowersystem,suchasbase-,intermediate-,orpeak-loadoperation.Forsuchsources,itisarelativelystraightforwardtasktoevaluatethecostofoperatingaspecificalternative.Hydroelectricprojects,duetotheirhydrologiccharacteristics,mustbeevaluatedinasomewhatdifferentmanner.Ahydroprojectcanbesubjecttosignificantseasonalvariationsinitsgenerationcapacity.Factorssuchasrainfallpatternsandspringtimesnowpackrunoffcanworktomakebaseloadandpeakingbenefitsavailablefromthesamehydroelectricproject.Also,althoughinitialstudiesoftheDevilCanyon-Watanainstallationswerebaseduponfiftypercentannualcapacityfactor(1,394MW,6,100,000MWh/yr),somebase-load(greaterthan80percentcapacityfactor)andsomepeak-load(lessthan10percentcapacityfactor)energycanbeexpectedtobeavailable.Thewayinwhichsuchadditionalcapacitiesbecomeavailablecomplicatestheevaluationofahydroelectricproject.Conventionalbase-loadplantssuchascoal-firedornuclearsteamplantsarecommonlybuilttotakeadvantageoftheeconomiesofscaleavailabletolargeplantsofthistype.Conversely,peakingplantsare5-18(e)DiscussionLoadforecastinganddailyloadvariationdatageneratedinSubtask1.02willbeusedasinputtothecomputermodeltogetherwiththefollowingtechnicalandeconomicplanningcriteria:-generationcapacityandenergyreserverequirements-retirementsofolderunits-costofmoney-economicdiscountrate-insuranceandtaxrates-economiclifetimeofequipment-effectsofcostescalation-period/ofanalysisThisdatawillbeestablishedinconsultationwithAlaskaPowerAuthority,otherutilitiesintheRailbeltRegionandotherpertinentagencies.Theanalysiswillbecarriedoutatthebaseratewithsensitivitytestingoverthepossiblerangeforselectedalternatives.Oneofthebenchmarksagainstwhichtheeconomicsofapowergeneratingfacilitymaybemeasuredistheeconomicsofitsalternatives.Inmanycases,itispossibletoidentifyspecificalternativesagainstwhichagivenprojectmaybedirectlycompared.Mostgeneratingprojectsareintendedforaspecificoperatingregimewithinthepowersystem,suchasbase-,intermediate-,orpeak-loadoperation.Forsuchsources,itisarelativelystraightforwardtasktoevaluatethecostofoperatingaspecificalternative.Hydroelectricprojects,duetotheirhydrologiccharacteristics,mustbeevaluatedinasomewhatdifferentmanner.Ahydroprojectcanbesubjecttosignificantseasonalvariationsinitsgenerationcapacity.Factorssuchasrainfallpatternsandspringtimesnowpackrunoffcanworktomakebaseloadandpeakingbenefitsavailablefromthesamehydroelectricproject.Also,althoughinitialstudiesoftheDevilCanyon-Watanainstallationswerebaseduponfiftypercentannualcapacityfactor(1,394MW,6,100,000MWh/yr),somebase-load(greaterthan80percentcapacityfactor)andsomepeak-load(lessthan10percentcapacityfactor)energycanbeexpectedtobeavailable.Thewayinwhichsuchadditionalcapacitiesbecomeavailablecomplicatestheevaluationofahydroelectricproject.Conventionalbase-loadplantssuchascoal-firedornuclearsteamplantsarecommonlybuilttotakeadvantageoftheeconomiesofscaleavailabletolargeplantsofthistype.Conversely,peakingplantsare5-18 usuallyrelativelysmall(lessthan100MW).Thebase-loadenergyproducedbyevenalargehydroplantmaybeavailableonlyatsuchasmallcapacityastomakecomparisonwiththeconventionalalternativesmeaningless.Forexample,iftheSusitnaproject,withits1,394MWoutputat50percentcanproduceonly125MWatcapacityfactorsgreaterthan80percent,itisdifficulttomakecomparisonswithbase-loadnuclearorcoalplantswithcapacitiesontheorderof500MWorlarger.Inthesamesense,hydrologicconditionsmaymakeagreatdealofcapacityavailableatagivensiteforveryshortperiodsoftimeaspeakingenergy.Suchlargeamountsofsurplusenergymaymakemeaningfulcomparisonsbetweenthehydroprojectanditsconventionalalternatives(combustionturbines)difficult.Thus,theSusitnaProjectwillbeevaluatedinthelightofitseffectuponthemixofalternativesinthepowersystemandanypossibledefermentofcapitalexpendituresforotherfacilities.Toproperlytakeintoaccountthecapacityvariationsoftheprojects,itsopera-tionwithinapowersystemwillbeanalyzedonamonthly,oratleastaseasonal,basis.Moredetailedanalysescouldbeperformedtodefineexactoperatingprocedures,butsuchdetailisnotjustifiedinalong-termplanningstudy.(f)ScheduleWeeks26through405-19usuallyrelativelysmall(lessthan100MW).Thebase-loadenergyproducedbyevenalargehydroplantmaybeavailableonlyatsuchasmallcapacityastomakecomparisonwiththeconventionalalternativesmeaningless.Forexample,iftheSusitnaproject,withits1,394MWoutputat50percentcanproduceonly125MWatcapacityfactorsgreaterthan80percent,itisdifficulttomakecomparisonswithbase-loadnuclearorcoalplantswithcapacitiesontheorderof500MWorlarger.Inthesamesense,hydrologicconditionsmaymakeagreatdealofcapacityavailableatagivensiteforveryshortperiodsoftimeaspeakingenergy.Suchlargeamountsofsurplusenergymaymakemeaningfulcomparisonsbetweenthehydroprojectanditsconventionalalternatives(combustionturbines)difficult.Thus,theSusitnaProjectwillbeevaluatedinthelightofitseffectuponthemixofalternativesinthepowersystemandanypossibledefermentofcapitalexpendituresforotherfacilities.Toproperlytakeintoaccountthecapacityvariationsoftheprojects,itsopera-tionwithinapowersystemwillbeanalyzedonamonthly,oratleastaseasonal,basis.Moredetailedanalysescouldbeperformedtodefineexactoperatingprocedures,butsuchdetailisnotjustifiedinalong-termplanningstudy.(f)ScheduleWeeks26through405-19 Subtask1.05-ExpansionSequenceImpactAssessments(a)ObjectiveTocompare,fromanenvironmentalstandpoint,theconsequencesofdevelopingtheselectedalternativeexpansionscenariosintheAlaskaRailbeltRegion,includinghistorical,socioeconomicandotherfactors.(b)ApproachTheapproachtoreviewandassessmentalternativeswillbetoprimarilyutilizeexistingdata,andavailableaerialphotographyoftheselectedorpotentialsourcesiteswheneverandwhereversufficientinformationisalreadyavailable.However,itmaybenecessarytogatherlimitedsite-specificdatafortheassessment,sincetheenvironmentalresourcesofmanyofthemoreremoteportionsofthestudycorridorhavenotbeeninventoried.Thekeytothisapproachistheuseofstaffwhohaveanin-depthknowledgeofbothfishandwildlifehabitatrequirementsandashort-termandlong-termeffectsofimpact-producingactionsofconstructionandoperationofvariousfacilitiesinAlaska.Theenvironmentalconsequencesofdevelopingalternativeenergysourcesarehighlydependentuponnumerousfactorsincludingenergyresource,collectionmethod,sitelocationcharacteristics,sitefishandwild-lifecharacteristics,land-usepatterns,andfacilityconstructionandoperationdesigns.Athoroughassessmentoftheimpactsofoptimumgenerationexpansionmixesisalsodependentuponanunderstandingofthehabitatrequirementsoflocalfishandwildlifeduringtheirlifehistory;aknowledgeoflimitinghabitatfactors;andsensitivitiessuchasfishoverwinteringareas,andnestingandfeedinghabitatsofendangeredorthreatenedfauna.Thesignificantimpact-producingactionswillvarywiththealternativebeingassessed.Attimes,theselectedsitelocationwillbetheprimefactor,whileforotheralternatives,theshort-termorlong-termairqualityorwaterqualityperturbations,orwildlifehabitatdegradationmaybetheoverridingfactor.Someofthemoresignificantpotentialconcernsarediscussedbelow.Theenvironmentalevaluationoftheselectedhydroelectricandtidalpowerdevelopmentalternatives(ifany)willidentifytheassociatedpotentialimpactissues,andtheirrelativemagnitudes.Suchissueswillinvolvetherelativesizesofreservoirsandimpactsonwaterqualityandfishandwildlifehabitatsinparticular.Theenvironmen-talanalysiswillbeperformedonthebasisofavailabledata,whichwillbecompiledforthispurpose.Transmissionfacilitiesassociatedwiththehydroalternativesiteswillbeincludedinthisenvironmentalanalysis.5-20Subtask1.05-ExpansionSequenceImpactAssessments(a)ObjectiveTocompare,fromanenvironmentalstandpoint,theconsequencesofdevelopingtheselectedalternativeexpansionscenariosintheAlaskaRailbeltRegion,includinghistorical,socioeconomicandotherfactors.(b)ApproachTheapproachtoreviewandassessmentalternativeswillbetoprimarilyutilizeexistingdata,andavailableaerialphotographyoftheselectedorpotentialsourcesiteswheneverandwhereversufficientinformationisalreadyavailable.However,itmaybenecessarytogatherlimitedsite-specificdatafortheassessment,sincetheenvironmentalresourcesofmanyofthemoreremoteportionsofthestudycorridorhavenotbeeninventoried.Thekeytothisapproachistheuseofstaffwhohaveanin-depthknowledgeofbothfishandwildlifehabitatrequirementsandashort-termandlong-termeffectsofimpact-producingactionsofconstructionandoperationofvariousfacilitiesinAlaska.Theenvironmentalconsequencesofdevelopingalternativeenergysourcesarehighlydependentuponnumerousfactorsincludingenergyresource,collectionmethod,sitelocationcharacteristics,sitefishandwild-lifecharacteristics,land-usepatterns,andfacilityconstructionandoperationdesigns.Athoroughassessmentoftheimpactsofoptimumgenerationexpansionmixesisalsodependentuponanunderstandingofthehabitatrequirementsoflocalfishandwildlifeduringtheirlifehistory;aknowledgeoflimitinghabitatfactors;andsensitivitiessuchasfishoverwinteringareas,andnestingandfeedinghabitatsofendangeredorthreatenedfauna.Thesignificantimpact-producingactionswillvarywiththealternativebeingassessed.Attimes,theselectedsitelocationwillbetheprimefactor,whileforotheralternatives,theshort-termorlong-termairqualityorwaterqualityperturbations,orwildlifehabitatdegradationmaybetheoverridingfactor.Someofthemoresignificantpotentialconcernsarediscussedbelow.Theenvironmentalevaluationoftheselectedhydroelectricandtidalpowerdevelopmentalternatives(ifany)willidentifytheassociatedpotentialimpactissues,andtheirrelativemagnitudes.Suchissueswillinvolvetherelativesizesofreservoirsandimpactsonwaterqualityandfishandwildlifehabitatsinparticular.Theenvironmen-talanalysiswillbeperformedonthebasisofavailabledata,whichwillbecompiledforthispurpose.Transmissionfacilitiesassociatedwiththehydroalternativesiteswillbeincludedinthisenvironmentalanalysis.5-20 Theintensityofanalysisrequiredforcomparisonofthehydroelectricalternativeswillbelessthanthatrequiredfortheprimaryalterna-tive(unless,ofcourse,preliminaryanalysisdemonstratesanapparentpreferenceforaparticularalternativeset).Fieldinvestigationswillnotbeundertakentoconfirmthepotentialmagnitudeofimpactsofthealternatives.Withcoal-firedpowerplants,suchasthoseassociatedwiththeBelugaandNenanafield,thecollectionoflargequantitiesofcoalthroughsurfaceminingwouldcreateenvironmentalconcerns.Theseconcernsarerelatedprimarilytolarge-scale,long-termhabitatalterationsaffect-ingfishandwildlife.Theoperationofcoal-firedplantswouldalsocreateproblemsrelatingtoairquality,coolingwaterdischarges,andrun-offfromflyashponds.However,plantscanbedesignedtosuc-cessfullymitigate(thoughnoteliminate)theseconcerns.Newgasoroil-firedpowerplantsrequireconstructionofpipelinesthatatleastleadtoshort-termconcernsassociatedwithrivercrossings,wetlandsdisturbance,andhabitatalterations.On-sitefacilitiescancoverlargeacreages,andoperationcancreateairqualityproblemsrelatedtonitrogenemissionsandwintersteamplumes.Wood-producedenergywouldalsocauseairqualityproblemssuchasthosecurrentlyfoundintheFairbanksarea.Suchplantswouldfurthermorerequireclear-cuttingofvastacreagesoftimber.Thismaynotbeenvironmentallywiseduetotheslowregenerationtimesrequiredfortimberproductionandhencewouldleadtolong-termwildlifehabitatalterations.Potentiallysevereimpactstostreamhabitatsandlocalfishpopulationswouldalsoresult.(c)LandandWaterUseLandownershipinthevicinityofthealternativeswillbeidentifiedasfederal(includingagencyjurisdiction),state,borough,privateandNativeCorporation.LandownershipstatusmaybeintransitionduetotheAlaska-NativeClaimsSettlementActandStateSelectionundertheStatehoodAct.Landmanagementplansandregulationsaffectingalternativeswillbeevaluated.Thevariousfederal,stateandlocalagencies,andsomeNativeCorporationswillhavelandclassificationandmanagementsystemsgoverningactivitiesthatareallowedonthoselandsandwatersbeingmanaged.StipulationsconcerningallowableactivitiescouldaffectthefeasibilityofalternativestoSusitna.Landandwaterusepatterns(historical,currentandproposed)willbedocumentedinordertoevaluateimpactsandpotentialuseconflictsposedbySusitnaalternatives.Uniquefeaturesinthevicinityofalternativeprojects,suchasrecre-ationareasandaesthetic/visualresources,alsowillbeidentified.Thepresenceofpopularrecreationareasandunusualaestheticqualitymaypresentimpactandfeasibilityproblems,particularlywhenonpubliclands.5-21Theintensityofanalysisrequiredforcomparisonofthehydroelectricalternativeswillbelessthanthatrequiredfortheprimaryalterna-tive(unless,ofcourse,preliminaryanalysisdemonstratesanapparentpreferenceforaparticularalternativeset).Fieldinvestigationswillnotbeundertakentoconfirmthepotentialmagnitudeofimpactsofthealternatives.Withcoal-firedpowerplants,suchasthoseassociatedwiththeBelugaandNenanafield,thecollectionoflargequantitiesofcoalthroughsurfaceminingwouldcreateenvironmentalconcerns.Theseconcernsarerelatedprimarilytolarge-scale,long-termhabitatalterationsaffect-ingfishandwildlife.Theoperationofcoal-firedplantswouldalsocreateproblemsrelatingtoairquality,coolingwaterdischarges,andrun-offfromflyashponds.However,plantscanbedesignedtosuc-cessfullymitigate(thoughnoteliminate)theseconcerns.Newgasoroil-firedpowerplantsrequireconstructionofpipelinesthatatleastleadtoshort-termconcernsassociatedwithrivercrossings,wetlandsdisturbance,andhabitatalterations.On-sitefacilitiescancoverlargeacreages,andoperationcancreateairqualityproblemsrelatedtonitrogenemissionsandwintersteamplumes.Wood-producedenergywouldalsocauseairqualityproblemssuchasthosecurrentlyfoundintheFairbanksarea.Suchplantswouldfurthermorerequireclear-cuttingofvastacreagesoftimber.Thismaynotbeenvironmentallywiseduetotheslowregenerationtimesrequiredfortimberproductionandhencewouldleadtolong-termwildlifehabitatalterations.Potentiallysevereimpactstostreamhabitatsandlocalfishpopulationswouldalsoresult.(c)LandandWaterUseLandownershipinthevicinityofthealternativeswillbeidentifiedasfederal(includingagencyjurisdiction),state,borough,privateandNativeCorporation.LandownershipstatusmaybeintransitionduetotheAlaska-NativeClaimsSettlementActandStateSelectionundertheStatehoodAct.Landmanagementplansandregulationsaffectingalternativeswillbeevaluated.Thevariousfederal,stateandlocalagencies,andsomeNativeCorporationswillhavelandclassificationandmanagementsystemsgoverningactivitiesthatareallowedonthoselandsandwatersbeingmanaged.StipulationsconcerningallowableactivitiescouldaffectthefeasibilityofalternativestoSusitna.Landandwaterusepatterns(historical,currentandproposed)willbedocumentedinordertoevaluateimpactsandpotentialuseconflictsposedbySusitnaalternatives.Uniquefeaturesinthevicinityofalternativeprojects,suchasrecre-ationareasandaesthetic/visualresources,alsowillbeidentified.Thepresenceofpopularrecreationareasandunusualaestheticqualitymaypresentimpactandfeasibilityproblems,particularlywhenonpubliclands.5-21 (d)SocioeconomicCharacteristicsDemographicdata,historic,currentandprojected,willbeevaluatedtoestimatetheimpactcreatedbytheinfluxofconstructionandoperationsworkforces.Employmentcharacteristicsoftheworkforceinthevicinityofalternativeprojectswillalsohelptoevaluatepositiveandnegativeimpactscreatedbyprojectimplementation.Thisinformationwouldincludeemploymentandunemploymentbyregionandskillclassification,andwagerates(alsoregionalandskillspecific).Financialcharacteristicsofanyboroughormunicipalgovernmentsinalternativeprojectareaswillbeconsidered.Taxrevenue,millrates,andtaxbasedatawillhelpestimatepotentialimpacts.Housingcharacteristics,suchasavailablestock(includingrentalunits)andvacancyrates,willbeutilizedforimpactevaluation.CommunityinfrastructurecouldbeimpactedbyimplementingalternativestotheSusitnaproject.Currentloadsoninfrastructuralsystems(i.e.,electricity,water,sewage)serviceareas,andsystemcapacitywillthereforebeconsidered.Transportationsystemspotentiallyaffectedbyprojectalternativeswillbeidentified.Datawillincludecurrenttrafficestimates,capa-city,areaofservice,andintermodalconnections.Socioculturalcharacteristicscouldbeanissueinseveralprojectareas.Lifestyle,ethnictraditionsandsubsistenceusepatternsofbiologicalresourceswillbedocumented.(e)ArcheologicalandHistoricalResourcesExistingarchaeologicalandhistoricalsiteswillbealternativeprojectareas,asavailabledataallow.HistoricalPreservationOfficemaintainsastatewidesitesandwillbeutilizedinthiseffort.(f)ScheduleWeeks30through455-22inventoriedinTheStatefileofknown(d)SocioeconomicCharacteristicsDemographicdata,historic,currentandprojected,willbeevaluatedtoestimatetheimpactcreatedbytheinfluxofconstructionandoperationsworkforces.Employmentcharacteristicsoftheworkforceinthevicinityofalternativeprojectswillalsohelptoevaluatepositiveandnegativeimpactscreatedbyprojectimplementation.Thisinformationwouldincludeemploymentandunemploymentbyregionandskillclassification,andwagerates(alsoregionalandskillspecific).Financialcharacteristicsofanyboroughormunicipalgovernmentsinalternativeprojectareaswillbeconsidered.Taxrevenue,millrates,andtaxbasedatawillhelpestimatepotentialimpacts.Housingcharacteristics,suchasavailablestock(includingrentalunits)andvacancyrates,willbeutilizedforimpactevaluation.CommunityinfrastructurecouldbeimpactedbyimplementingalternativestotheSusitnaproject.Currentloadsoninfrastructuralsystems(i.e.,electricity,water,sewage)serviceareas,andsystemcapacitywillthereforebeconsidered.Transportationsystemspotentiallyaffectedbyprojectalternativeswillbeidentified.Datawillincludecurrenttrafficestimates,capa-city,areaofservice,andintermodalconnections.Socioculturalcharacteristicscouldbeanissueinseveralprojectareas.Lifestyle,ethnictraditionsandsubsistenceusepatternsofbiologicalresourceswillbedocumented.(e)ArcheologicalandHistoricalResourcesExistingarchaeologicalandhistoricalsiteswillbealternativeprojectareas,asavailabledataallow.HistoricalPreservationOfficemaintainsastatewidesitesandwillbeutilizedinthiseffort.(f)ScheduleWeeks30through455-22inventoriedinTheStatefileofknown Subtask1.06-PowerAlternativesStudyReport(a)ObjectivePreparepoweralternativesstudyreportforSusitnaHydroelectricProject..(b)ApproachThepoweralternativesstudyreportwilladdress:-LoadforecastingfortheRailbeltRegionSelectionofalternativeenergyand/orpowergenerationscenariosEvaluationofviableexpansionsequencescenarios-RecommendedexpansionsequenceThereportwilldocumentthefindingsofSubtasks1.01through1.05andincorporatethetransmittalpreparedunderSubtask1.02.(c)DiscussionThisreportwillseektoaddressthefundamentalissuesofthe"needforpower"andselectionoftheoptimumfutureRailbeltRegionelectri-calpowersupplyscenariothroughtheyear2010.IftheSusitnaProjectistobejustifiedasaviableandlicensabledevelopment,thisreporthastoprovidethefundamentalbasisforsuchjustification.Alternatively,iftheSusitnaProjectshouldnotproceed,thisreportmustprovidetherationaleforadecisiontoceasefurtherinvestiga-tions.Thereportwillinitiallybepreparedindraftformforsubmis-siontoAlaskaPowerAuthorityforreview,andsubsequentlymadeavail-abletoallconcernedpartiesforcommentanddiscussionundertheTask12PublicParticipationProgram.(d)ScheduleWeeks40through485-23Subtask1.06-PowerAlternativesStudyReport(a)ObjectivePreparepoweralternativesstudyreportforSusitnaHydroelectricProject..(b)ApproachThepoweralternativesstudyreportwilladdress:-LoadforecastingfortheRailbeltRegionSelectionofalternativeenergyand/orpowergenerationscenariosEvaluationofviableexpansionsequencescenarios-RecommendedexpansionsequenceThereportwilldocumentthefindingsofSubtasks1.01through1.05andincorporatethetransmittalpreparedunderSubtask1.02.(c)DiscussionThisreportwillseektoaddressthefundamentalissuesofthe"needforpower"andselectionoftheoptimumfutureRailbeltRegionelectri-calpowersupplyscenariothroughtheyear2010.IftheSusitnaProjectistobejustifiedasaviableandlicensabledevelopment,thisreporthastoprovidethefundamentalbasisforsuchjustification.Alternatively,iftheSusitnaProjectshouldnotproceed,thisreportmustprovidetherationaleforadecisiontoceasefurtherinvestiga-tions.Thereportwillinitiallybepreparedindraftformforsubmis-siontoAlaskaPowerAuthorityforreview,andsubsequentlymadeavail-abletoallconcernedpartiesforcommentanddiscussionundertheTask12PublicParticipationProgram.(d)ScheduleWeeks40through485-23 U1 I N "'" LOAD SELECTION EXPANSION FORECASTING Of SEQUENCE METHODOI.OGY ALTERNATIVES IMPACT 101 I 0 I 10 1.03 I 20 I 35 ASSESSMENTS > , 1.05 I 30 I 45 ~. DEVELOPMENT Of SELECTION Df POWER LOAD GROWTH VIABLE ALTERNATIVES SCENARIOS EXPANSION STUDY 102 I 8 I 26 SEQUENCES REPORT 1.04 I 26 I 40 1.06 I 40 I 48 illlliQ ./ I.I •.'"~ SUBTASK TITLE SUBTASK NO . COMPLETION WEEK START WEEK SUSITNA HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT PLAN OF STUDY PLATE TI.I :TASK I LOGIC U1 I N "'" LOAD SELECTION EXPANSION FORECASTING Of SEQUENCE METHODOI.OGY ALTERNATIVES IMPACT 101 I 0 I 10 1.03 I 20 I 35 ASSESSMENTS >,1.05 1 30 I 45 ~. DEVELOPMENT Of SELECTION Df POWER LOAD GROWTH VIABLE ALTERNATIVES SCENARIOS EXPANSION STUDY 102 I 8 I SEQUENCES REPORT 26 1.061 401 481.04 1 26 I 40 ./,I I.'" SUBTASK TITLE SUBTASK NO . COMPLETION WEEK START WEEK SUSITNA HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT PLAN OF STUDY PLATE TI.I :TASK I LOGIC A.5.3-TASK2:SURVEYSANDSITEFACILITIES(i)TaskObjectivesToprovideforsafe,costeffective,andenvironmentallyacceptablelogisticalsupportofallprojectfieldactivities;toconductthosesurveysnecessarytofurnishdataforuseinothersubtaskswhichmustbeperformedpriortolicensing;toresolverealestateissuesassociatedwiththeproposedprojectinsufficientdetailtopermitpreparationofExhibitFoftheFERClicenseapplication;andtoundertakeinitialstudiesofproposedreservoirareasandaccessroads.(ii)TaskOutputTheprimaryoutputsofthistaskwillbemajorportionsofcertainexhibitsrequiredforFERClicenseapplicationanddatavlhichwillbenecessaryinputsformanyoftheremainingexhibits.Specifically,thistaskwillcontributetoExhibitD(demonstratingevidenceofcompliancewithStatewaterandlanduselaws),ExhibitE(providingwaterrightsdataandplansforperfectingrightstousewaterforprojectoperation),ExhibitF(statementoflandownership).Inaddition,surveysandmappingwillbeessentialportionsofExhibitJ(generalprojectmap)andExhibitK(detailedprojectmapshowingboundaries,surveydata,landownership,andfeaturelocations).Inadditiontothedatacollectionandexhibitpreparation,anumberoftangibleproductswillbeacquiredorconstructedandwillgenerallybesuitableforuseduringthepost-applicationphaseandbeyond.Inthislattercategoryareincludedcampfacilities,airfield,andsimilarsemi-permanentitems.(iii)ListofSubtasksSubtask2.0I-ProvisionforLandUsePaymentsandDirectedInspectionServicesSubtask2.02~ProvisionofFieldCampsandAssociatedLogisticSupportSubtask2.03-ResupplyandEmergencyServiceSubtask2.04-LandStatusResearchSubtask2.05-LandAcquisitionAnalysisSubtask2.06-Right-of-EntrySubtask2.07-SiteSpecificSurveysSubtask2.08-AerialPhotographyandPhotogrammetricMappingSubtask2.09-ControlNetworkSurveys5-25A.5.3-TASK2:SURVEYSANDSITEFACILITIES(i)TaskObjectivesToprovideforsafe,costeffective,andenvironmentallyacceptablelogisticalsupportofallprojectfieldactivities;toconductthosesurveysnecessarytofurnishdataforuseinothersubtaskswhichmustbeperformedpriortolicensing;toresolverealestateissuesassociatedwiththeproposedprojectinsufficientdetailtopermitpreparationofExhibitFoftheFERClicenseapplication;andtoundertakeinitialstudiesofproposedreservoirareasandaccessroads.(ii)TaskOutputTheprimaryoutputsofthistaskwillbemajorportionsofcertainexhibitsrequiredforFERClicenseapplicationanddatavlhichwillbenecessaryinputsformanyoftheremainingexhibits.Specifically,thistaskwillcontributetoExhibitD(demonstratingevidenceofcompliancewithStatewaterandlanduselaws),ExhibitE(providingwaterrightsdataandplansforperfectingrightstousewaterforprojectoperation),ExhibitF(statementoflandownership).Inaddition,surveysandmappingwillbeessentialportionsofExhibitJ(generalprojectmap)andExhibitK(detailedprojectmapshowingboundaries,surveydata,landownership,andfeaturelocations).Inadditiontothedatacollectionandexhibitpreparation,anumberoftangibleproductswillbeacquiredorconstructedandwillgenerallybesuitableforuseduringthepost-applicationphaseandbeyond.Inthislattercategoryareincludedcampfacilities,airfield,andsimilarsemi-permanentitems.(iii)ListofSubtasksSubtask2.0I-ProvisionforLandUsePaymentsandDirectedInspectionServicesSubtask2.02~ProvisionofFieldCampsandAssociatedLogisticSupportSubtask2.03-ResupplyandEmergencyServiceSubtask2.04-LandStatusResearchSubtask2.05-LandAcquisitionAnalysisSubtask2.06-Right-of-EntrySubtask2.07-SiteSpecificSurveysSubtask2.08-AerialPhotographyandPhotogrammetricMappingSubtask2.09-ControlNetworkSurveys5-25 Subtask2.10-AccessRoadsSubtask2.11-MapandPhotoSearchSubtask2.12-FieldReconnaissanceofReservoirAreasSubtask2.13-MarketabilityandDisposalStudyforReservoirAreaSubtask2.14-CostEstimatesforReservoirClearingSubtask2.15-SlopeStabilityandErosionStudiesSubtask2.16-HydrographicSurveys(iv)SubtaskScopeofStatementsSectionA.8ofthisplanofstudyprovidesalogisticalplandescrib-ingmeasures,procedures,considerations,andresponsibilitiesincidenttotheconductofeffectivelogisticoperations.Subtasks2.01through2.03aregenerallyconcernedwithimplementationoffieldoperationsunderthatplaninasafe,economical,andenvironmentallyacceptablemanner.Task13,Administration,providesforanin-stateprojectofficeastheessentiallinkbetweenfieldoperationsandconcurrenteffortstobeundertakeninAlaskaandelsewhere.Thisprojectofficewillnotonlyfacilitateessentialprocurement,communication,andcoordinationoflogisticalsupport,butalsoitwillensurethatdatageneratedinthefieldisproperlyandexpeditiouslyroutedtovariouspointswhereitwillbeprocessed,interpreted,andevaluated.Subtasks2.04through2.06dealwithrealestateaspects.Itisbynomeansclearatthetimeofpreparationofthisplanofstudyjustwhichofseverallandinterestwillpredominateatanygivenstageinthestudyprocess.Thus,itisallthemoreessentialthatcarefulattentiontorealestatedetailsbepaidearlyandcontinuously.LandsurveyactivitiesaregenerallyprovidedforinSubtask2.07through2.09andhydrographicsurveyinSubtask2.16.Onlysuchmappingandcontrolasisnecessaryforlicenseapplicationwillbeaccomplishedintheinitial30monthsafternoticetoproceedisgiven.Itfollows,then,thatsomesurveyactivitymaybeexpectedtooccurinsucceedingmonthspriortograntingofthelicense.Subtasks2.10through2.15dealingeneralwithlandswhosecurrentconditionswillbepermanentlychangedintheeventthattheproposedprojectisultimatelyconstructed.Technicalimplicationsofactualconditionsdiscernedalongalternativeaccessroadsandwithinpotentialreservoirareasareassessedinthisgroupofsubtasks.SurveysandrouteselectionstudiesassociatedwithtransmissionlinesareseparatelyprovidedforunderTask8.Itisclearthatacertainriskisassociatedwithincurringtherelativelylargeexpendituresinaccomplishingthistask.5-26Subtask2.10-AccessRoadsSubtask2.11-MapandPhotoSearchSubtask2.12-FieldReconnaissanceofReservoirAreasSubtask2.13-MarketabilityandDisposalStudyforReservoirAreaSubtask2.14-CostEstimatesforReservoirClearingSubtask2.15-SlopeStabilityandErosionStudiesSubtask2.16-HydrographicSurveys(iv)SubtaskScopeofStatementsSectionA.8ofthisplanofstudyprovidesalogisticalplandescrib-ingmeasures,procedures,considerations,andresponsibilitiesincidenttotheconductofeffectivelogisticoperations.Subtasks2.01through2.03aregenerallyconcernedwithimplementationoffieldoperationsunderthatplaninasafe,economical,andenvironmentallyacceptablemanner.Task13,Administration,providesforanin-stateprojectofficeastheessentiallinkbetweenfieldoperationsandconcurrenteffortstobeundertakeninAlaskaandelsewhere.Thisprojectofficewillnotonlyfacilitateessentialprocurement,communication,andcoordinationoflogisticalsupport,butalsoitwillensurethatdatageneratedinthefieldisproperlyandexpeditiouslyroutedtovariouspointswhereitwillbeprocessed,interpreted,andevaluated.Subtasks2.04through2.06dealwithrealestateaspects.Itisbynomeansclearatthetimeofpreparationofthisplanofstudyjustwhichofseverallandinterestwillpredominateatanygivenstageinthestudyprocess.Thus,itisallthemoreessentialthatcarefulattentiontorealestatedetailsbepaidearlyandcontinuously.LandsurveyactivitiesaregenerallyprovidedforinSubtask2.07through2.09andhydrographicsurveyinSubtask2.16.Onlysuchmappingandcontrolasisnecessaryforlicenseapplicationwillbeaccomplishedintheinitial30monthsafternoticetoproceedisgiven.Itfollows,then,thatsomesurveyactivitymaybeexpectedtooccurinsucceedingmonthspriortograntingofthelicense.Subtasks2.10through2.15dealingeneralwithlandswhosecurrentconditionswillbepermanentlychangedintheeventthattheproposedprojectisultimatelyconstructed.Technicalimplicationsofactualconditionsdiscernedalongalternativeaccessroadsandwithinpotentialreservoirareasareassessedinthisgroupofsubtasks.SurveysandrouteselectionstudiesassociatedwithtransmissionlinesareseparatelyprovidedforunderTask8.Itisclearthatacertainriskisassociatedwithincurringtherelativelylargeexpendituresinaccomplishingthistask.5-26 Itisentirelypossiblethatconcurrenteffortsdealing,forexample,withpossiblealternativesunderTask1orenvironmentalimpactsunderTask7mayleadtoadecisionattheendofthetwelfthmonthtoabandontheSusitnaHydroelectricProjectinfavorofsomeotherchoiceorcombinationofchoicesforsatisfaction(or,indeed,ifappropriate,consciouslyforcinggrowthlimitsthroughnonsatis-faction)offorecastedloadrequirements.WewillminimizetheriskinsofaraspracticablebydelayingthosefieldsubtaskswhichcanreasonablybedelayedaslongaspossiblewithoutjeopardizingplansforfilingtheFERClicenseapplicationbymid-1982.5-27Itisentirelypossiblethatconcurrenteffortsdealing,forexample,withpossiblealternativesunderTask1orenvironmentalimpactsunderTask7mayleadtoadecisionattheendofthetwelfthmonthtoabandontheSusitnaHydroelectricProjectinfavorofsomeotherchoiceorcombinationofchoicesforsatisfaction(or,indeed,ifappropriate,consciouslyforcinggrowthlimitsthroughnonsatis-faction)offorecastedloadrequirements.WewillminimizetheriskinsofaraspracticablebydelayingthosefieldsubtaskswhichcanreasonablybedelayedaslongaspossiblewithoutjeopardizingplansforfilingtheFERClicenseapplicationbymid-1982.5-27 Subtask2.01-ProvisionforNon-DiscretionaryPayments(a)ObjectiveMakeexplicitprovlslonforcertainbudgetitemsnotsubjecttodiscretionoftheengineer.(b)ApproachSeveralbudgetitemsareincludedinthisplanofstudytoaccountforAPA'sdirectionsinthatregard.Specifically,thecostsforlandusepaymentstoaffectedNativeCorporationsintheamountof$36,000peryear,fulltimeinspectionservicestoprotectnativeinterestsintheamountof$3,000permonth,andfundsforstudycoordinationandreviewbyAPAintheamountof$100,000peryear.(c)DiscussionTheAPARequestforProposal,datedJune25,1979,directedthattheaboveitemsbeincluded.TherequirementtofundafulltimeSusitnaCoordinatorintheAlaskaDepartmentofFishandGameandtosetaside$1millionforanindependentreviewincludingseismicriskanalysisandotherconfirmatorystudiesisaccountedforelsewhereinthisplanofstudy.(d)ScheduleThroughoutentireperiod.5-28Subtask2.01-ProvisionforNon-DiscretionaryPayments(a)ObjectiveMakeexplicitprovlslonforcertainbudgetitemsnotsubjecttodiscretionoftheengineer.(b)ApproachSeveralbudgetitemsareincludedinthisplanofstudytoaccountforAPA'sdirectionsinthatregard.Specifically,thecostsforlandusepaymentstoaffectedNativeCorporationsintheamountof$36,000peryear,fulltimeinspectionservicestoprotectnativeinterestsintheamountof$3,000permonth,andfundsforstudycoordinationandreviewbyAPAintheamountof$100,000peryear.(c)DiscussionTheAPARequestforProposal,datedJune25,1979,directedthattheaboveitemsbeincluded.TherequirementtofundafulltimeSusitnaCoordinatorintheAlaskaDepartmentofFishandGameandtosetaside$1millionforanindependentreviewincludingseismicriskanalysisandotherconfirmatorystudiesisaccountedforelsewhereinthisplanofstudy.(d)ScheduleThroughoutentireperiod.5-28 Subtask2.02-ProvisionofFieldCampsandAssociatedLogisticSupport(a)ObjectivesProvideacceptablelivingaccommodationsforassignedfieldpersonnelandnecessaryvisitorsandprovideabaseforfieldoperationsinthemosteconomicandefficientmanner.(b)ApproachTherewillbeapermanentbasecampatWatana.TotheextentthataccommodationsarerequiredatDevilCanyon,anexistinglodgewillbeusedorausteretentfacilitieswillbetemporarilyoperated.Allthedesignworkandtheprocurementofmodularunitsandattendantlifesupportsystem(powerplants,waterplant,sewagetreatmentplantandcommunicationssystem)willbedoneimmediatelyaftercontractaward.TheWatanacampwillbesizedtoaccommodateamaximumof42peopleanditslayoutwillbebasedonpreviouscampsdesignedforAlaskanconditions.This"offtheshelf"approachwillhelpreducecosts.ThemodularunitsandequipmentwillthenbetransportedoverlandfromDenaliHighway.TheWatanacampwillbeerectedinlateFebruary,198~andoperationswillbeginbyMarch,1980.Thiscampwillbethemainbaseoffieldoperationsaswellasthepointofin-depthstudyoftheWatanasiteandthesurroundingarea.TheWatanacampwillbeoperatedandfromMarch,1980throughJune,1982.beoccupiedasrequiredbythefieldSeptember,1980and1981).maintainedonacontinualbasisTheDevilCanyonfacilitieswillsupportschedule(JunethroughTheWatanacampwillbeconstructedfrommodularunitsandwillhavecomp1etewaterandsewertreatmentsystems.Itwi11havewarehouse,shop,recreational,office,foodservice,laundry,andfuelstoragefacilities.Itwillalsohaveshelteredelectricalgeneratorsandanincinerator.Thedormitory,foodservice,andrecreationbuildingswillbeinterconnectedwithArcticwalkways.Avarietyofcostcomparisonalternativeswillbeevaluatedpriortostartoffieldoperations.Shouldanyofthesealternativesbefoundtobecosteffective,theywillbeincludedinthefieldplan.Thealternativestobeevaluatedinclude:(1)UtilizationofArctictypesewagetreatmentplant,withchlori-natedeffluent,inlieuofasewertreatmentplantwithalagoonsystemforwastewatereffluent.ThisapproachwilldependuponobtainingthenecessarypermitfortheArctictypeplant.(2)Utilizingalakeasthewatersupplyinplaceofdrillingawaterwell.(3)TheeliminationofsomeoralltheArcticwalkwaysandreconfigur-ingthecamptominimizeexposuretothemostsevereambientconditions.(4)Buryingsolidwasteinsteadofincinerationiftheproperpermitcanbeobtained.5-29Subtask2.02-ProvisionofFieldCampsandAssociatedLogisticSupport(a)ObjectivesProvideacceptablelivingaccommodationsforassignedfieldpersonnelandnecessaryvisitorsandprovideabaseforfieldoperationsinthemosteconomicandefficientmanner.(b)ApproachTherewillbeapermanentbasecampatWatana.TotheextentthataccommodationsarerequiredatDevilCanyon,anexistinglodgewillbeusedorausteretentfacilitieswillbetemporarilyoperated.Allthedesignworkandtheprocurementofmodularunitsandattendantlifesupportsystem(powerplants,waterplant,sewagetreatmentplantandcommunicationssystem)willbedoneimmediatelyaftercontractaward.TheWatanacampwillbesizedtoaccommodateamaximumof42peopleanditslayoutwillbebasedonpreviouscampsdesignedforAlaskanconditions.This"offtheshelf"approachwillhelpreducecosts.ThemodularunitsandequipmentwillthenbetransportedoverlandfromDenaliHighway.TheWatanacampwillbeerectedinlateFebruary,198~andoperationswillbeginbyMarch,1980.Thiscampwillbethemainbaseoffieldoperationsaswellasthepointofin-depthstudyoftheWatanasiteandthesurroundingarea.TheWatanacampwillbeoperatedandfromMarch,1980throughJune,1982.beoccupiedasrequiredbythefieldSeptember,1980and1981).maintainedonacontinualbasisTheDevilCanyonfacilitieswillsupportschedule(JunethroughTheWatanacampwillbeconstructedfrommodularunitsandwillhavecomp1etewaterandsewertreatmentsystems.Itwi11havewarehouse,shop,recreational,office,foodservice,laundry,andfuelstoragefacilities.Itwillalsohaveshelteredelectricalgeneratorsandanincinerator.Thedormitory,foodservice,andrecreationbuildingswillbeinterconnectedwithArcticwalkways.Avarietyofcostcomparisonalternativeswillbeevaluatedpriortostartoffieldoperations.Shouldanyofthesealternativesbefoundtobecosteffective,theywillbeincludedinthefieldplan.Thealternativestobeevaluatedinclude:(1)UtilizationofArctictypesewagetreatmentplant,withchlori-natedeffluent,inlieuofasewertreatmentplantwithalagoonsystemforwastewatereffluent.ThisapproachwilldependuponobtainingthenecessarypermitfortheArctictypeplant.(2)Utilizingalakeasthewatersupplyinplaceofdrillingawaterwell.(3)TheeliminationofsomeoralltheArcticwalkwaysandreconfigur-ingthecamptominimizeexposuretothemostsevereambientconditions.(4)Buryingsolidwasteinsteadofincinerationiftheproperpermitcanbeobtained.5-29 Apotentialwaytoreduceprogramcostisthroughaconsolidatedlogisticseffort.Consolidatedlogisticsmanagementwouldensuretheminimalutilizationofsupplyaircraftandvehicles,consistentwiththefieldscheduleandquantityofmaterialstobetransported.Wewillcontinuouslymonitorandadjusttheoveralllogisticsoperationtominimizecostsandenvironmentaldisruption.TheprincipalAcresY"epresentative(ChiefEngineerforAlaskanOperations--CEAO)willhaveresponsibilityandauthorityforsucheffortsandmay,ifeconomicscanbeeffectedthereby,designateasinglelogisticsmanagerfromwithintheAcresteam.(c)DiscussionItwillbenotedthatmeetingtheplannedFERCapplicationtargetat30monthsafternoticetoproceedrequirestheearliestpossiblecommence-mentoffieldoperations.CertainkeyassumptionsimplicitinourplanforestablishmentofapermanentcampneartheWatanadamsitepriortobreak-upincludethefollowing:(1)Fundswillbemadeavailableimmediatelyaftercontractawardtopermitexpeditedprocurementof'longlead'items.(2)Theimportantrequirementforarcheologicalreconnaissanceandassociatedclearancespriortodisturbingnaturalconditionsgenerallycannotbesatisifieduntilsnowcoverisgonefromtheproposedcamparea.Weassumethatthefirststagecampconstruc-tionandinitialoperationwillbeconductedinareaspreviouslycheckedoutforearlierCorpsofEngineersactivities.Onlysomuchofthesemi-permanentcampnearWatanaascanbeerectedonarcheologicallyclearedlandwillbeinstalledinitially.Remainingmodulesandsuppliestobebroughtinwhilethegroundisfrozenwillbestoreduntilafterbreak-up.Archeologicalreconnaissancetopermitexpansionwillbeundertakenasamatterofpriorityassoonasconditionsarefavorableforthatwork.(3)OwnershipforprojectlandswillbetransferredtoCookInletRegionIncorporatedpriortocommencementoffieldactivities.(4)Thecooperationofvariouspermittingagenciesandorganizationsinexpeditingnecessaryearlypermitswillbesecured.ThecampaccommmodationrequirementsinaremoteAlaskanenvironmentcannotbeunderestimated.Thesizeofcampproposedhasbeendeterminedastheminimumsizenecessarytoundertaketherequiredfieldwork(surveys,geotechnicalexploration,hydrologicandseismicmonitoring,andenvironmentalstudies)intheproposedtimeframe.Thecapitalcostoferectingasemi-permanentcampcapableofaccommo-datingpeakloadsof40peopleorsoandaverageloadsof20to30issignificant.Whereastheinitialcontractwillcoveraperiodofonly30months,itmaybeanticipatedthatfieldactivitieswillberequiredonacontinuousbasisforsomeyearsafterlicenseapplicationismade.Thus,thecampisexpectedtoremaininplacetosupportpost-applicationstudiesandinvestigations.(d)ScheduleThroughoutprojectperiod.5-30Apotentialwaytoreduceprogramcostisthroughaconsolidatedlogisticseffort.Consolidatedlogisticsmanagementwouldensuretheminimalutilizationofsupplyaircraftandvehicles,consistentwiththefieldscheduleandquantityofmaterialstobetransported.Wewillcontinuouslymonitorandadjusttheoveralllogisticsoperationtominimizecostsandenvironmentaldisruption.TheprincipalAcresY"epresentative(ChiefEngineerforAlaskanOperations--CEAO)willhaveresponsibilityandauthorityforsucheffortsandmay,ifeconomicscanbeeffectedthereby,designateasinglelogisticsmanagerfromwithintheAcresteam.(c)DiscussionItwillbenotedthatmeetingtheplannedFERCapplicationtargetat30monthsafternoticetoproceedrequirestheearliestpossiblecommence-mentoffieldoperations.CertainkeyassumptionsimplicitinourplanforestablishmentofapermanentcampneartheWatanadamsitepriortobreak-upincludethefollowing:(1)Fundswillbemadeavailableimmediatelyaftercontractawardtopermitexpeditedprocurementof'longlead'items.(2)Theimportantrequirementforarcheologicalreconnaissanceandassociatedclearancespriortodisturbingnaturalconditionsgenerallycannotbesatisifieduntilsnowcoverisgonefromtheproposedcamparea.Weassumethatthefirststagecampconstruc-tionandinitialoperationwillbeconductedinareaspreviouslycheckedoutforearlierCorpsofEngineersactivities.Onlysomuchofthesemi-permanentcampnearWatanaascanbeerectedonarcheologicallyclearedlandwillbeinstalledinitially.Remainingmodulesandsuppliestobebroughtinwhilethegroundisfrozenwillbestoreduntilafterbreak-up.Archeologicalreconnaissancetopermitexpansionwillbeundertakenasamatterofpriorityassoonasconditionsarefavorableforthatwork.(3)OwnershipforprojectlandswillbetransferredtoCookInletRegionIncorporatedpriortocommencementoffieldactivities.(4)Thecooperationofvariouspermittingagenciesandorganizationsinexpeditingnecessaryearlypermitswillbesecured.ThecampaccommmodationrequirementsinaremoteAlaskanenvironmentcannotbeunderestimated.Thesizeofcampproposedhasbeendeterminedastheminimumsizenecessarytoundertaketherequiredfieldwork(surveys,geotechnicalexploration,hydrologicandseismicmonitoring,andenvironmentalstudies)intheproposedtimeframe.Thecapitalcostoferectingasemi-permanentcampcapableofaccommo-datingpeakloadsof40peopleorsoandaverageloadsof20to30issignificant.Whereastheinitialcontractwillcoveraperiodofonly30months,itmaybeanticipatedthatfieldactivitieswillberequiredonacontinuousbasisforsomeyearsafterlicenseapplicationismade.Thus,thecampisexpectedtoremaininplacetosupportpost-applicationstudiesandinvestigations.(d)ScheduleThroughoutprojectperiod.5-30 Subtask2.03-ResupplyandEmergencyService(a)ObjectiveProvideresponsiveandreliableresupplyandemergencyservicecapa-bilitywithminimumenvironmentaldegradation.(b)ApproachAssoonaspossibleafterthecamphasbeenputinplace,ahelicopterpadwillbeconstructednearby.Duringtheinitialyearofcampoperation,helicopterswillbeemployedtotransportpersonnel,perishables,certainconsumables,equipment,andmiscellaneousitemstoandfromthecampsite.HelicoptersupportwillbefurnishedbothfromAnchorageandfromTalkeetna,withthebulkoftheeffortfromtheTalkeetnaterminus.Anaverageofonelargehelicopterflightdaily(suchasbyBell205A-1)willberequiredforthispurpose.Bytheendofthefirstyearofwork,anevaluationoftheneedforconstructionofanairfieldatthecampsitewillbemadeandanassessmentoftheenvironmentalconsequencesofitsconstructionwillbeaccomplished.Intheeventthatadecisionisthenmadenottoconstructanairstrip,campresupplyandemergencyservicewillcontinuetobeaccomplishedbyhelicopters.Developmentofaproperlysizedanddesignedairstripcouldservetoexpeditesubsequentoperationsattheprojectsite.Siteselectioncanbestbeobtainedthrougharepetitiveprocessofevaluation,beginningwithseveralalternativesandeliminatingthosethatdonotmeetthenecessaryrequirements.Thescopeofworkduringtheinitialairstripdesignactivity(ifanairfieldislaterfoundtobeneeded)wouldbeAirphotostudy,aidedbyevaluationofexistingboringlogsandtopographicmaps.Ifanairstripisfoundtobejustified,afieldcheckofthisinitialstudywillbemadepriortomakingthefinalselectionoftheairstripsite.Thedesignphaseisenvisionedasbeingcompletedinthreestages.Theinitialstagewillconsistofprovidingtentativedrawingsfortheairstripandrelatedfacilities,suchasaccessroadstomaterialsourcesneededinitsconstruction.Thesubsequentphasewillprovidedrawingssuitableforconstructionpurposesaswellasacostestimatefortheconstructionofthefacility.Timedependentrequirementssuchaspermits,winddirectioninforma-tion,archeologicalstudies,andthestockpilingofinitialconstruc-tionsupplieswillbestartedassoonaspossible.TheairstripwillcontinuetofunctionafterFERClicenseapplicationhasbeenmade.Indeed,assumingthattheprojectisshowntobeviable,theairstripwillcontinuetoservethroughouttheperiodduringwhichtheproposeddamisconstructed(andbeyondthat,perhapsduringoperationoftheprojectsomeyearshence).Itfollowsthatdesign,arrangement,andconstructionwillbeaccomplishedinsuchawaythatlaterexpansionorpermanentsurfacingwillbepossible.5-31Subtask2.03-ResupplyandEmergencyService(a)ObjectiveProvideresponsiveandreliableresupplyandemergencyservicecapa-bilitywithminimumenvironmentaldegradation.(b)ApproachAssoonaspossibleafterthecamphasbeenputinplace,ahelicopterpadwillbeconstructednearby.Duringtheinitialyearofcampoperation,helicopterswillbeemployedtotransportpersonnel,perishables,certainconsumables,equipment,andmiscellaneousitemstoandfromthecampsite.HelicoptersupportwillbefurnishedbothfromAnchorageandfromTalkeetna,withthebulkoftheeffortfromtheTalkeetnaterminus.Anaverageofonelargehelicopterflightdaily(suchasbyBell205A-1)willberequiredforthispurpose.Bytheendofthefirstyearofwork,anevaluationoftheneedforconstructionofanairfieldatthecampsitewillbemadeandanassessmentoftheenvironmentalconsequencesofitsconstructionwillbeaccomplished.Intheeventthatadecisionisthenmadenottoconstructanairstrip,campresupplyandemergencyservicewillcontinuetobeaccomplishedbyhelicopters.Developmentofaproperlysizedanddesignedairstripcouldservetoexpeditesubsequentoperationsattheprojectsite.Siteselectioncanbestbeobtainedthrougharepetitiveprocessofevaluation,beginningwithseveralalternativesandeliminatingthosethatdonotmeetthenecessaryrequirements.Thescopeofworkduringtheinitialairstripdesignactivity(ifanairfieldislaterfoundtobeneeded)wouldbeAirphotostudy,aidedbyevaluationofexistingboringlogsandtopographicmaps.Ifanairstripisfoundtobejustified,afieldcheckofthisinitialstudywillbemadepriortomakingthefinalselectionoftheairstripsite.Thedesignphaseisenvisionedasbeingcompletedinthreestages.Theinitialstagewillconsistofprovidingtentativedrawingsfortheairstripandrelatedfacilities,suchasaccessroadstomaterialsourcesneededinitsconstruction.Thesubsequentphasewillprovidedrawingssuitableforconstructionpurposesaswellasacostestimatefortheconstructionofthefacility.Timedependentrequirementssuchaspermits,winddirectioninforma-tion,archeologicalstudies,andthestockpilingofinitialconstruc-tionsupplieswillbestartedassoonaspossible.TheairstripwillcontinuetofunctionafterFERClicenseapplicationhasbeenmade.Indeed,assumingthattheprojectisshowntobeviable,theairstripwillcontinuetoservethroughouttheperiodduringwhichtheproposeddamisconstructed(andbeyondthat,perhapsduringoperationoftheprojectsomeyearshence).Itfollowsthatdesign,arrangement,andconstructionwillbeaccomplishedinsuchawaythatlaterexpansionorpermanentsurfacingwillbepossible.5-31 (c)DiscussionThefirstversionofthePOS(September11,1979)envisionedconstruc-tionofanairfieldduringthefirstyearoftheproject.Acarefulre-evaluationofthisapproachbecamenecessary,however,whenitwasdeterminedthatoverlandtransportationduringthesummermonths--evenbyRolligon--maybecounterindicatedbecauseofthefragilityofthevegetationoverwhichall-terrainvehicleswouldpass.Theinabilitytoremoveheavyconstructionequipmentuntilthefollowingwinter(whenRolligonsorcattrainscouldnegotiatetheterrain)resultedinextremelyhighcostsassociatedwithrentalofidleequipment.Inaddition,thefactthataGo-No-Godecisionisscheduledfortheendofthefirstyearsuggeststhatcapitalinvestmentsshouldbeminimizedtotheextentpossibleuntilitbecomesclearthataprojectisinfactwarranted.Thuswasitdeterminedthatthealternativeofhelicoptersupportispreferableduring1980.IfafterthefirstyearitisclearthathydroelectricdevelopmentoftheSusitnaRiverisinthebestinterestsoftheStateofAlaska,thequestionofairfieldconstructionmustonceagainbeevaluated.Whilefeasibilitystudyeffortcanproceedusinghelicoptersupportcontinuouslyandusingoverlandheavyresupplyinthewinter,itisnonethelesstruethatanairfieldwilleventuallyberequiredforsupportofactivitiesduringlaterconstructionstages.Oncethehighinitialcostofanairfieldisincurred,subsequentresupplybyfixedwingaircraftbecomeslesscostlythanexclusivehelicopterusage.Throughthepublicparticipationprogram(Task12),theviewsofthepub1icat1argeandofallinterestedagencieswi11besolicitedpriortoreachingadecisiononairfieldconstruction.ThelevelofeffortprovidedincosttabulationsinSectionA3willbeassignedtohelicoptercostsuntilanaffirmativedecisionismadetobuildanairfield.Remainingportionsofbudgetedcostsforthissubtaskwillthenbeassignedtoairfieldconstructionwork.Intheeventthatnoairfieldisbuiltduringthefirst30monthsofeffort,costsforairtransportationinTask2aresufficienttocoverresupplyandemergencyservice.(d)ScheduleWeeks9through130(SeealsoPlateT2.1)5-32(c)DiscussionThefirstversionofthePOS(September11,1979)envisionedconstruc-tionofanairfieldduringthefirstyearoftheproject.Acarefulre-evaluationofthisapproachbecamenecessary,however,whenitwasdeterminedthatoverlandtransportationduringthesummermonths--evenbyRolligon--maybecounterindicatedbecauseofthefragilityofthevegetationoverwhichall-terrainvehicleswouldpass.Theinabilitytoremoveheavyconstructionequipmentuntilthefollowingwinter(whenRolligonsorcattrainscouldnegotiatetheterrain)resultedinextremelyhighcostsassociatedwithrentalofidleequipment.Inaddition,thefactthataGo-No-Godecisionisscheduledfortheendofthefirstyearsuggeststhatcapitalinvestmentsshouldbeminimizedtotheextentpossibleuntilitbecomesclearthataprojectisinfactwarranted.Thuswasitdeterminedthatthealternativeofhelicoptersupportispreferableduring1980.IfafterthefirstyearitisclearthathydroelectricdevelopmentoftheSusitnaRiverisinthebestinterestsoftheStateofAlaska,thequestionofairfieldconstructionmustonceagainbeevaluated.Whilefeasibilitystudyeffortcanproceedusinghelicoptersupportcontinuouslyandusingoverlandheavyresupplyinthewinter,itisnonethelesstruethatanairfieldwilleventuallyberequiredforsupportofactivitiesduringlaterconstructionstages.Oncethehighinitialcostofanairfieldisincurred,subsequentresupplybyfixedwingaircraftbecomeslesscostlythanexclusivehelicopterusage.Throughthepublicparticipationprogram(Task12),theviewsofthepub1icat1argeandofallinterestedagencieswi11besolicitedpriortoreachingadecisiononairfieldconstruction.ThelevelofeffortprovidedincosttabulationsinSectionA3willbeassignedtohelicoptercostsuntilanaffirmativedecisionismadetobuildanairfield.Remainingportionsofbudgetedcostsforthissubtaskwillthenbeassignedtoairfieldconstructionwork.Intheeventthatnoairfieldisbuiltduringthefirst30monthsofeffort,costsforairtransportationinTask2aresufficienttocoverresupplyandemergencyservice.(d)ScheduleWeeks9through130(SeealsoPlateT2.1)5-32 'l' '"'" DESIGN CAMPS.PLACE r-ORDERS,PREPARE BlM PLANS.OBTAIN PERMITS PREPARE AFFIRMATIVE ~.ACTION PLANS JUN'aO SEP'SO JUN'SI SEP'al TEMPORARY TEMPORARY PROJECT FACILITIES ARE FN::ILlTIES ARE OFFICE PACK USED AT DEVIL uSED AT DEVIL OPENS -TRAIN CANYOO CANYON JUN '82 I I .J • NOTICE ERECT CAMP 8uaMIT WATANA TO BEGIN WATANA CAMP OPERATES LICENSE CAMP PROCEED OPERATION "\APPLICATION CONTINUES DEC'79 FEe'so ,__1___,I I I POSSIBLE I I AIRFIELD I I CONSTRUCTION I HEAVY L _____-.J HEAVY RESUPPLY RESUPPLY ---~-----_._- FUEL FUEL NON-PERJSH~LIGHT RESUPPLY NON-PERISH - LIGHT RESUPPLYSTUDYLIGHTRESUPPLYABLESABLESBEGINRESUPPLYRESUPPLYDRYGOODSDRYGOODS ALTERNATIVES PARTS PARTS ETC.ETC. WINTER WINTER 80-81 80-81 III!!ALASKA POWER AUTHORITy SUSITNA HYOROELECTRIC PROJECT PLA~Of STlJOY LOGIC DIAGRAM FIELO LOGISTICAL SUPPORT nJ PROJECT'(;LATE1-:-_----------P 5477.00 T2.1ACRES"'''EIIIC'''"IHCORPORATEO 'l' '"'" DESIGN CAMPS.PLACE r-l"' ORDERS,PREPARE BlM PLANS.OBTAIN PERMITS PREPARE AFFIRMATIVE ~.ACTION PLANS JUN'aO SEP'SO JUN'SI SEP'al TEMPORARY TEMPORARY PROJECT PACK FACILITIES ARE F/I£:ILlTIES ARE OFFICE USED AT DEVIL USED AT DEVIL OPENS TRAIN CANYOO CANYON- JUN '82,I ERECT CAMP ~• NOTICE 9uaMIT WATANA TO BEGIN WATANA CAMP OPERATES LICENSE CAMP PROCEED OPERATION ""'\APPLICATION CONTINUES DEC'79 FEe'so ,__1___,,I I POSSIBLE I I AIRFIELD I I CONSTRUCTION I HEAVY L _____-.J HEAVY RESUPPLY RESUPPLY ---~----_._- FUEL FUEL NON-PERJSH~NON-PERISH - STUDY LIGHT RESUPPLY ABLES LIGHT RESUPPLY ABLES LIGHT RESUPPLY BEGINRESUPPLYRESUPPLY DRY GOODS DRY GOODS ALTERNATIVES PARTS PARTS ETC.ETC. WINTER WINTER 80-81 80-81 III!!ALASKA POWER AUTHORITy SUSITNA HYOROELECTRIC PROJECT PLA~Of STlJOY LOGIC DIAGRAM FIELO LOGISTICAL SUPPORT i'EJ PROJECT'(~PLATE -;;:..__________P 5477.00 T2.1ACRES"'''EIIIC'''"IHCOIll"ORATEO Subtask2.04-LandStatusResearch(a)ObjectivesIdentifyownershipandotherinterestsinandadjoiningtheprojectareaandassociatedtransmissioncorridorsandprovideinformationneededforpowerprojectplanning,landacquisitionanalysis,andforobtainingrights-of-entrytoconductfieldstudies.(b)ApproaChOwnershipinformationwillbegatheredfromthetaxassessorandlandrecorder,BLM,theStateDivisionofLands,andNativeCorporations.Landswillbecategorizedbygeneralownershipcategory(privateland,Stateland,U.S.land,andNativeland)andstatusmapsatanappro-priatescalewillbeprepared.Otherfactorsaffectinglandstatus,suchasthirdpartyrights,StateorFederalagencydesignations,orlimitedinterestrightswillbeindicated.(c)DiscussionCookInletRegion,Inc.hasalreadycollectedasubstantialportionoftheinformationrequired.Thecostofcompletingthistaskwillbereducedsubstantiallybecausethisinformationandthecorporation'slandstatusresearchcapabilitywillbeutilized.(d)ScheduleWeeks0through155-34Subtask2.04-LandStatusResearch(a)ObjectivesIdentifyownershipandotherinterestsinandadjoiningtheprojectareaandassociatedtransmissioncorridorsandprovideinformationneededforpowerprojectplanning,landacquisitionanalysis,andforobtainingrights-of-entrytoconductfieldstudies.(b)ApproachOwnershipinformationwillbegatheredfromthetaxassessorandlandrecorder,BLM,theStateDivisionofLands,andNativeCorporations.Landswillbecategorizedbygeneralownershipcategory(privateland,Stateland,U.S.land,andNativeland)andstatusmapsatanappro-priatescalewillbeprepared.Otherfactorsaffectinglandstatus,suchasthirdpartyrights,StateorFederalagencydesignations,orlimitedinterestrightswillbeindicated.(c)DiscussionCookInletRegion,Inc.hasalreadycollectedasubstantialportionoftheinformationrequired.Thecostofcompletingthistaskwillbereducedsubstantiallybecausethisinformationandthecorporation'slandstatusresearchcapabilitywillbeutilized.(d)ScheduleWeeks0through155-34 Subtask2.05-LandAcguisitionAnalysis(a)ObjectivesIdentifylandswhichmustbeacquiredorforwhichright-of-waypermitsoreasementsmustbeobtainedandestimatelandacquisitioncostsandright-of-waypermittingrequirements.(b)ApproachOnceplansforthesitingofallelementsofthepowerprojecthavebeendeveloped,adetailedinventoryofprivateandpubliclandsonwhichfacilitiesaretobebuiltwillbeprepared.Eachprivatelandownerwillbeidentifiedandtheamountandmarketvalueoflandtobeacquiredbyeithereasementorpurchasewillbeestimated.Theamountofpubliclandrequiredwillbebrokendownbyagencylandholderandanestimateofthecostofright-of-waypermitswillbemade.Evidenceoftitlewillbesecuredasneeded.Allthirdpartyrightswillbeidentifiedandevaluatedintermsofimpactonacquisitioncosts.(c)DiscussionCookInletRegion,Inc.hasalreadycollectedasubstantialportionoftheinformationrequired.Thecostofcompletingthistaskwillthereforebeminimized.(d)ScheduleWeeks61through735-35Subtask2.05-LandAcguisitionAnalysis(a)ObjectivesIdentifylandswhichmustbeacquiredorforwhichright-of-waypermitsoreasementsmustbeobtainedandestimatelandacquisitioncostsandright-of-waypermittingrequirements.(b)ApproachOnceplansforthesitingofallelementsofthepowerprojecthavebeendeveloped,adetailedinventoryofprivateandpubliclandsonwhichfacilitiesaretobebuiltwillbeprepared.Eachprivatelandownerwillbeidentifiedandtheamountandmarketvalueoflandtobeacquiredbyeithereasementorpurchasewillbeestimated.Theamountofpubliclandrequiredwillbebrokendownbyagencylandholderandanestimateofthecostofright-of-waypermitswillbemade.Evidenceoftitlewillbesecuredasneeded.Allthirdpartyrightswillbeidentifiedandevaluatedintermsofimpactonacquisitioncosts.(c)DiscussionCookInletRegion,Inc.hasalreadycollectedasubstantialportionoftheinformationrequired.Thecostofcompletingthistaskwillthereforebeminimized.(d)ScheduleWeeks61through735-35 Subtask2.06-Right-of-Entry(a)ObjectivesProvidetheinformationneededtoobtainright-of-entrytoprivatelandsasrequiredforreconnaissance,surveying,andotherfieldinvestigations;acquirenecessaryrights-of-entry.(b)ApproachOnthebasisoftheoverallfieldplan,theprivatelandstobeenteredwillbedeterminedandtheappropriatelandownerswillbeidentified.PermitsrequiredforentryanduseofpubliclandswillnormallybeobtainedbyCIRI/H&Ninresponsetorequirementsofindividualinvestigatingteams.(c)DiscussionObtainingrights-of-entrywillmoreefficientlybeaccomplishedwhendonebyoneprojectassociateratherthanbyeachindividualteammember.Thiswillalsoassurethattheneededrights-of-entryhavebeenobtainedandthatnotrespassoccurs.Andbeyondthat,ofcourse,itprovidesapositivemeanstoensurethatredundantapplicationsarenotfiled--animportantconsiderationtopermittorandpermitteealike.Anumberofactivitiesregardingpermitshavetakenplaceduringthefirstmonthofthestudy.TableA5.1providesstatusofthisworkasofJanuary21,1980.(d)ScheduleThroughoutprojectperiodwithmostemphasisduringinitialsixmonths.5-36Subtask2.06-Right-of-Entry(a)ObjectivesProvidetheinformationneededtoobtainright-of-entrytoprivatelandsasrequiredforreconnaissance,surveying,andotherfieldinvestigations;acquirenecessaryrights-of-entry.(b)ApproachOnthebasisoftheoverallfieldplan,theprivatelandstobeenteredwillbedeterminedandtheappropriatelandownerswillbeidentified.PermitsrequiredforentryanduseofpubliclandswillnormallybeobtainedbyCIRI/H&Ninresponsetorequirementsofindividualinvestigatingteams.(c)DiscussionObtainingrights-of-entrywillmoreefficientlybeaccomplishedwhendonebyoneprojectassociateratherthanbyeachindividualteammember.Thiswillalsoassurethattheneededrights-of-entryhavebeenobtainedandthatnotrespassoccurs.Andbeyondthat,ofcourse,itprovidesapositivemeanstoensurethatredundantapplicationsarenotfiled--animportantconsiderationtopermittorandpermitteealike.Anumberofactivitiesregardingpermitshavetakenplaceduringthefirstmonthofthestudy.TableA5.1providesstatusofthisworkasofJanuary21,1980.(d)ScheduleThroughoutprojectperiodwithmostemphasisduringinitialsixmonths.5-36 TABLE AS.l SUSITNA PERMIT/PLANT REVIEW SUMMARY ANTICIPATED AND REQUIRED DOCUMENTATION,REVIEW,AND APPROVAL JANUARY 21,1980 Anticipated Required Required Required Completion of ACRES AMERICAN APA lead Agency Permit/Plan Review Documentation Submittal/Approval Submittal/Approval Submittal/Approval Other Remarks (1 )DEC So 1id Waste 12/17/79 12/18/79 12/22/79 12/27/79 12/27/79 12/31/79 2/18/80 If no pUblic hearing is required,we anticipat approval by mid-March for permits (1)throu9h (5),or approximately 2 weeks behind. (2)DEC Water Supply 12/17/79 12/18/79 12/22/79 12/27/79 12/27/79 12/31/79 2/18/80 Development &Treatment on,(3)DEC Wastewater 12/17/79 12/18/79 12/22/79 12/27/79 12/27/79 12/31/79 3/03/80w "(4)DNR Water Rights 12/17/79 12/18/79 12/22/79 12/27/79 12/27/79 12/31/79 2/18/80 Initial permit documentation incorporated into DEC permit package. (5 )DFG Anadromous Fish 12/17/79 12/18/79 12/22/79 12/27/79 12/27/79 12/31/79 3/03/80 Previously determined not required.Later discussions with DFG indicated DEC package wou be suitable for application. (6 )BlM Overland 1109/80 1/10/80 1/10/80 1/10/80 1/10/80 1111/80 1/31/80 Formal addendum submitted on January 16,1980. Expect approval as scheduled. (7)COE Wetlands 2/10/80 2/11/80 2/18/80 2/19/80 2/22/80 2/25/80 4/30/80 Required for Watana Camp runway (cut and fill operations)construction May,1981. (8)EPA Spill Prevention 2/14/80 2/15/80 2/18/80 2/18/80 2/20/80 2/21/80 3/24/80 Not required until after six months of Watana Camp operation. (9)State or Federal Field TO BE DETERMINED AS SCOPE OF FIELD INVESTIGATIONS IS REFINED.Field permits will be submitted on an annual basis. Permits TABLE AS.l SUSITNA PERMIT/PLANT REVIEW SUMMARY ANTICIPATED AND REQUIRED DOCUMENTATION,REVIEW,AND APPROVAL JANUARY 21,1980 Anticipated Required Required Required Completion of ACRES AMERICAN APA lead Agency Permit/Plan Review Documentation Submittal/Approval Submittal/Approval Submittal/Approval Other Remarks (1 )DEC So 1id Waste 12/17/79 12/18/79 12/22/79 12/27/79 12/27/79 12/31/79 2/18/80 If no public hearing is required,we anticipat approval by mid-March for permits (1)throu9h (5),or approximately 2 weeks behind. (2)DEC Water Supply 12/17/79 12/18/79 12/22/79 12/27/79 12/27/79 12/31/79 2/18/80 Development &Treatment on,(3)DEC Wastewater 12/17/79 12/18/79 12/22/79 12/27/79 12/27/79 12/31/79 3/03/80w "(4)DNR Water Rights 12/17/79 12/18/79 12/22/79 12/27/79 12/27/79 12/31/79 2/18/80 Initial permit documentation incorporated into DEC permit package. (5 )DFG Anadromous Fish 12/17/79 12/18/79 12/22/79 12/27 /79 12/27/79 12/31/79 3/03/80 Previously determined not required.Later discussions with DFG indicated DEC package wou be suitable for application. (6 )BlM Overland 1109/80 1/10/80 1/10/80 1/10/80 1/10/80 1111/80 1/31/80 Formal addendum submitted on January 16,1980. Expect approval as scheduled. (7)COE Wetlands 2/10/80 2/11/80 2/18/80 2/19/80 2/22/80 2/25/80 4/30/80 Required for Watana Camp runway (cut and fill operations)construction May,1981. (8)EPA Spill Prevention 2/14/80 2/15/80 2/18/80 2/18/80 2/20/80 2/21/80 3/24/80 Not required until after six months of Watana Camp operation. (9)State or Federal Field TO BE DETERMINED AS SCOPE OF FIELD INVESTIGATIONS IS REFINED.Field permits will be submitted on an annual basis. Permits Subtask2;07-SiteSpecificSurveys(a)ObjectiveProvide"ontheground"surveysofspecificareaswhichrequireahigherlevelofaccuracythancanotherwisebeobtainedthroughphotogrammetricmapping.'(b)ApproachTwofieldsurveyedcrosssectionswillbeobtainedateachdamsiteconsisting,essentially,ofanaccurateprofileperpendiculartotheriveronapredefinedaxis.Thesitesurveyoftheairstrip,iffoundnecessaryafterthefirstyear,willbeconductedusingconventionalsurveytechniquestoestablishtopographyofsuchaccuracyastoallowconstructionplanstobeprepared.Thisactivityincludestheconstructionlay-outsurveysforbuildingoftheairstripanditiscoveredunderSubtask2.03.Thesitesurveywillberequiredofthetemporarycamptofacilitatedesignofthecamp,sewagedisposalsystemandwatersupply.ThisactivityiscoveredunderSubtask2.02.Asitesurveyateachdamsitewillbeconducted"ontheground"atalocationcontemplatedforswitchyards-transformerpadstofacilitatethedesignofthosefacilitiesbutwillnotrequire'constructionstakingduringthisstudyphase.(c)DiscussionThesesitespecificsurveyeffortswillaugmentphotogrammetricmapping.Theymustbeconductedreasonablyearlyinthestudyprocesssincetheresultswillberequiredforsubsequentdesignstudiesandfieldconstructionofcertaintemporaryfacilities.Crewsinvolvedintheworkwillbefurnishedlodgingandairtransportation,thecostsforwhichareseparatelyincludedunderSubtask2.02.Thelongexper-ienceofR&MConsultants,Inc.,insimilarworkthroughouttheStatehasresultedinR&M'sacquisitionofequipmenttailoredforuseinremote,harshenvironmentsaswellasinthedevelopoffieldpro-cedureswellsuitedtotheinstantrequirement.,(d)ScheduleWeeks9through12,and22through265-38Subtask2;07-SiteSpecificSurveys(a)ObjectiveProvide"ontheground"surveysofspecificareaswhichrequireahigherlevelofaccuracythancanotherwisebeobtainedthroughphotogrammetricmapping.'(b)ApproachTwofieldsurveyedcrosssectionswillbeobtainedateachdamsiteconsisting,essentially,ofanaccurateprofileperpendiculartotheriveronapredefinedaxis.Thesitesurveyoftheairstrip,iffoundnecessaryafterthefirstyear,willbeconductedusingconventionalsurveytechniquestoestablishtopographyofsuchaccuracyastoallowconstructionplanstobeprepared.Thisactivityincludestheconstructionlay-outsurveysforbuildingoftheairstripanditiscoveredunderSubtask2.03.Thesitesurveywillberequiredofthetemporarycamptofacilitatedesignofthecamp,sewagedisposalsystemandwatersupply.ThisactivityiscoveredunderSubtask2.02.Asitesurveyateachdamsitewillbeconducted"ontheground"atalocationcontemplatedforswitchyards-transformerpadstofacilitatethedesignofthosefacilitiesbutwillnotrequire'constructionstakingduringthisstudyphase.(c)DiscussionThesesitespecificsurveyeffortswillaugmentphotogrammetricmapping.Theymustbeconductedreasonablyearlyinthestudyprocesssincetheresultswillberequiredforsubsequentdesignstudiesandfieldconstructionofcertaintemporaryfacilities.Crewsinvolvedintheworkwillbefurnishedlodgingandairtransportation,thecostsforwhichareseparatelyincludedunderSubtask2.02.Thelongexper-ienceofR&MConsultants,Inc.,insimilarworkthroughouttheStatehasresultedinR&M'sacquisitionofequipmenttailoredforuseinremote,harshenvironmentsaswellasinthedevelopoffieldpro-cedureswellsuitedtotheinstantrequirement.,(d)ScheduleWeeks9through12,and22through265-38 Subtask2.08-AerialPhotographyandPhotogrammetricMapping(a)ObjectiveProvidecontourmappingofbothDevilCanyonandWatanaDamandReservoirsites,photographyandcontourmappingofaccesscorridors,photographyoftransmissioncorridor,photographytobeusedbygeologistsinterrainunitmapping,photographytobeusedintheenvironmentalstudiesoftheprojectareaandphotographyoftheSusitnaRiverdownstreamtoTalkeetnaforusebyhydrologists.(b)ApproachPartialmappingoftheWatanaDamSitehaspreviouslybeenaccomplishedthrougheffortsoftheArmyCorpsofEngineers.PhotographyexistsontheDevilCanyonDamSitebutnocontourmappinghasbeenaccomplished.TheCorpsofEngineers'effort,asstatedabove,willbeevaluatedandaugmented,asrequired,byadditionalmappingofthedamsitesatascaleof1"=200'withacontourintervalof2feet.Thereservoirsites,campandairportsites,switchyardsites,accesscorridors,transmissioncorridorandlowerSusitnaRiverdownstreamtoTalkeetnawillbepaneled(targeted),surveytiedtohorizontalandverticalcontrolandaerialphotographed.Contourmappingbyphoto-grammetricalmethodswillbeperformedatamappingscaleof:WatanaandDevilCanyonReservoirSites---1"=400'with10'contoursWatanaandDevilCanyonDamSites---------1"=200'with2'contoursAlternativeAccessRoutes-----------------1"=400'with10'contoursFieldCampandAirstrip-------------------1"=400'with10'contoursCertainactivitiesessentialtoeventualdetaileddesignwillbedeferreduntilafterlicenseapplicationhasbeenfiled.Theseincludecontourmappingbyphotogrammetricalmethodsatmappingscalesof:Switchyards-------------------------------1"=200'with5'contoursSe1ectedAccessRoute---------------------1"=200'with5'contoursSelectedTransmissionRoute---------------1"=200'with5'contoursThelowerSusitnaRiverandtransmissioncorridorwillbephotographedandorthophotospreparedpriorto1icenseapp1icationbutnocontourmappingisanticipateduntillaterintheprogram.Allaerialphotographythatistobeusedforcontourmappingof1"=200'mustbetakenduringthespringorfalloftheyearwhensnowisnotpresentonthegroundandwhendeciduousvegetationiswithoutleaves.Fortunately,thepre-applicationrequirementsinthisareaarerelativelymodest.ExistingcontourmappingpreviouslyperformedbytheCorpsofEngineersmustbecorrelatedtoaccurateverticaldatumascurrentdatumusedwasdeterminedfromV.A.B.M.(VerticalAngleBenchMark)andisonlyaccuratetoplusorminus15feet.5-39Subtask2.08-AerialPhotographyandPhotogrammetricMapping(a)ObjectiveProvidecontourmappingofbothDevilCanyonandWatanaDamandReservoirsites,photographyandcontourmappingofaccesscorridors,photographyoftransmissioncorridor,photographytobeusedbygeologistsinterrainunitmapping,photographytobeusedintheenvironmentalstudiesoftheprojectareaandphotographyoftheSusitnaRiverdownstreamtoTalkeetnaforusebyhydrologists.(b)ApproachPartialmappingoftheWatanaDamSitehaspreviouslybeenaccomplishedthrougheffortsoftheArmyCorpsofEngineers.PhotographyexistsontheDevilCanyonDamSitebutnocontourmappinghasbeenaccomplished.TheCorpsofEngineers'effort,asstatedabove,willbeevaluatedandaugmented,asrequired,byadditionalmappingofthedamsitesatascaleof1"=200'withacontourintervalof2feet.Thereservoirsites,campandairportsites,switchyardsites,accesscorridors,transmissioncorridorandlowerSusitnaRiverdownstreamtoTalkeetnawillbepaneled(targeted),surveytiedtohorizontalandverticalcontrolandaerialphotographed.Contourmappingbyphoto-grammetricalmethodswillbeperformedatamappingscaleof:WatanaandDevilCanyonReservoirSites---1"=400'with10'contoursWatanaandDevilCanyonDamSites---------1"=200'with2'contoursAlternativeAccessRoutes-----------------1"=400'with10'contoursFieldCampandAirstrip-------------------1"=400'with10'contoursCertainactivitiesessentialtoeventualdetaileddesignwillbedeferreduntilafterlicenseapplicationhasbeenfiled.Theseincludecontourmappingbyphotogrammetricalmethodsatmappingscalesof:Switchyards-------------------------------1"=200'with5'contoursSe1ectedAccessRoute---------------------1"=200'with5'contoursSelectedTransmissionRoute---------------1"=200'with5'contoursThelowerSusitnaRiverandtransmissioncorridorwillbephotographedandorthophotospreparedpriorto1icenseapp1icationbutnocontourmappingisanticipateduntillaterintheprogram.Allaerialphotographythatistobeusedforcontourmappingof1"=200'mustbetakenduringthespringorfalloftheyearwhensnowisnotpresentonthegroundandwhendeciduousvegetationiswithoutleaves.Fortunately,thepre-applicationrequirementsinthisareaarerelativelymodest.ExistingcontourmappingpreviouslyperformedbytheCorpsofEngineersmustbecorrelatedtoaccurateverticaldatumascurrentdatumusedwasdeterminedfromV.A.B.M.(VerticalAngleBenchMark)andisonlyaccuratetoplusorminus15feet.5-39 (c)DiscussionTheaerialphotographyandmappingprogramdescribedhereiniscon-sideredtheminimumnecessarytosatisfactorilypreparenecessaryexhibitsforFERClicenseapplication.Evenso,thecostsofsucheffortsarenotinsignificant.Thus,anyadditionalmeasureswhichmayservetofurtherreducecostsareimportant.Inthisregard,wewillmakeadetailedandcomprehensiveassessmentofallphotographyflowntodatebytheCorpsofEngineersandotherstoensurethatduplicationofpreviouseffortsdoesnotoccur.WeareawarethatsomeunprocessedaerialphotographicdatahasbeencollectedinthepasttwoyearsbytheCorps.Itsusefulnessforpartialsatisfactionofthesubtaskobjectivehasyettobeevaluated.TheoutputofthissubtaskwillproducemuchofthebasemapandotherdatarequiredforFERCExhibitsJandK,generalanddetailedprojectmapsrespectively.Therequirementfor10'contoursisexplicitunderFERCregulationsforExhibitK.Shouldnewregulationsrelaxthatrule,effortwillbeadjustedaccordingly.(d)ScheduleWeeks3through395-40(c)DiscussionTheaerialphotographyandmappingprogramdescribedhereiniscon-sideredtheminimumnecessarytosatisfactorilypreparenecessaryexhibitsforFERClicenseapplication.Evenso,thecostsofsucheffortsarenotinsignificant.Thus,anyadditionalmeasureswhichmayservetofurtherreducecostsareimportant.Inthisregard,wewillmakeadetailedandcomprehensiveassessmentofallphotographyflowntodatebytheCorpsofEngineersandotherstoensurethatduplicationofpreviouseffortsdoesnotoccur.WeareawarethatsomeunprocessedaerialphotographicdatahasbeencollectedinthepasttwoyearsbytheCorps.Itsusefulnessforpartialsatisfactionofthesubtaskobjectivehasyettobeevaluated.TheoutputofthissubtaskwillproducemuchofthebasemapandotherdatarequiredforFERCExhibitsJandK,generalanddetailedprojectmapsrespectively.Therequirementfor10'contoursisexplicitunderFERCregulationsforExhibitK.Shouldnewregulationsrelaxthatrule,effortwillbeadjustedaccordingly.(d)ScheduleWeeks3through395-40 Subtask2.09-ControlNetworkSurveys(a)ObjectiveProvideamorefrequentintervalofhorizontalandverticalsurveycontrolthancurrentlyexistsintheprojectarea.(b)ApproachBothU.S.C.&G.S.andrecentlyconductedprivatecontrolnetworkschemeswillbeexpandedforuseonsitespecificsurveys,photocontrolsurveysandcadastralsurveysofotherwiseprotractedtownshipandsectionsurveys.ThecontrolnetworkwillalsobeusedtoexpandStatePlaneandUniversalTransverseMercatorgridvaluestoallprojectsurveys.Thefrequencyofhighordersurveymonumentsofknownprecisehori-zontalvaluesareallbutnon-existentintheprojectarea.Utilizing"onesecond"theodolites,mediumtolong rangeelectronicdistancemeasuringdevicesandhelicoptersupportedgroundcrews,achainofhighaccuracycontrolmonumentswillbeestablishedoneachsideoftheriverbasinfromtheupperreachesofWatanaReservoirsitetothelowerendofDevilCanyon.Thisnetworkwillserveasthe"spine"ofallsubsequentsurveyactivityandmappingeffort.ApreciselevelcircuitwillberunextendingfromtheexistingU.S.C.&G.S.circuituptotheParksHighway-railroad,upriverthroughboththeDevilsCanyonDamsiteandtheWatanaDamsiteandtyingtotheexistingU.S.C.&G.S.circuitalongtheDenaliHighway.Thislevelcircuitwill.bethefirstpreciselevelcircuiteverrunintheareaandwillbethebasisforallverticalelevationsusedontheproject.HelicoptersupportforthissubtaskisincludedwithinSubtask3.03.(c)DiscussionTheeffortrequiredinestablishingcontrolnetworksurveysissignificant.Inlessremoteregionsinthelower48states,suchactivitywillnormallyhavebeenconductedbyotherswellinadvanceofhydroelectricprojectplanning.Thus,itisunusualthatafeasibilitystudymustbearthecostofsuchanundertaking.Evenso,theworkisimperative,fortheuncertaintyassociatedwithcurrentlocationsandelevationsasfoundonexistingtopographicmapsissimplytoogreattosupportpreciseplanningincidenttodeterminationofprojectviability.WhetherornotaprojectiseverconstructedontheSusitnaRiver,though,theestablishmentofacontrolnetworkwillprovidesignificantresidualvaluefortheStateofAlaska.(d)ScheduleWeeks5through305-41Subtask2.09-ControlNetworkSurveys(a)ObjectiveProvideamorefrequentintervalofhorizontalandverticalsurveycontrolthancurrentlyexistsintheprojectarea.(b)ApproachBothU.S.C.&G.S.andrecentlyconductedprivatecontrolnetworkschemeswillbeexpandedforuseonsitespecificsurveys,photocontrolsurveysandcadastralsurveysofotherwiseprotractedtownshipandsectionsurveys.ThecontrolnetworkwillalsobeusedtoexpandStatePlaneandUniversalTransverseMercatorgridvaluestoallprojectsurveys.Thefrequencyofhighordersurveymonumentsofknownprecisehori-zontalvaluesareallbutnon-existentintheprojectarea.Utilizing"onesecond"theodolites,mediumtolong rangeelectronicdistancemeasuringdevicesandhelicoptersupportedgroundcrews,achainofhighaccuracycontrolmonumentswillbeestablishedoneachsideoftheriverbasinfromtheupperreachesofWatanaReservoirsitetothelowerendofDevilCanyon.Thisnetworkwillserveasthe"spine"ofallsubsequentsurveyactivityandmappingeffort.ApreciselevelcircuitwillberunextendingfromtheexistingU.S.C.&G.S.circuituptotheParksHighway-railroad,upriverthroughboththeDevilsCanyonDamsiteandtheWatanaDamsiteandtyingtotheexistingU.S.C.&G.S.circuitalongtheDenaliHighway.Thislevelcircuitwill.bethefirstpreciselevelcircuiteverrunintheareaandwillbethebasisforallverticalelevationsusedontheproject.HelicoptersupportforthissubtaskisincludedwithinSubtask3.03.(c)DiscussionTheeffortrequiredinestablishingcontrolnetworksurveysissignificant.Inlessremoteregionsinthelower48states,suchactivitywillnormallyhavebeenconductedbyotherswellinadvanceofhydroelectricprojectplanning.Thus,itisunusualthatafeasibilitystudymustbearthecostofsuchanundertaking.Evenso,theworkisimperative,fortheuncertaintyassociatedwithcurrentlocationsandelevationsasfoundonexistingtopographicmapsissimplytoogreattosupportpreciseplanningincidenttodeterminationofprojectviability.WhetherornotaprojectiseverconstructedontheSusitnaRiver,though,theestablishmentofacontrolnetworkwillprovidesignificantresidualvaluefortheStateofAlaska.(d)ScheduleWeeks5through305-41 Subtask2.10-AccessRoads(a)ObjectivesDefinealternativeaccessroutes;evaluatetechnical,economic,andenvironmentalfactorsforeach,andrecommendbestalternative.(b)ApproachAccessroadswillberequiredduringconstructiontodamsites,quarriesandborrowpits.Effortwillbemadetominimizegrades,numberandsizeofborrowpits,unwantedaccess,and1imitenviron-mentalconstraintsatthesmallestcostandtimetotheproject.Geologicalstudiesandsurveysarediscussedunderothertaskheadings.Forthisportionoftheworkitisanticipatedthatthreeseparaterouteswillbeconsideredindetail.TwooftheserouteswilloriginatefromthePark'sHighwayandextendtotheeasttothedamsite.OneroutewillfollowthenorthbankoftheSusitnaRivertothedamsite.TheotherroutewillfollowthesouthbankoftheSusitnaRiver.ThethirdroutetobeconsideredwillcomefromthenortheastfromtheDenaliHighway.Itisfurtheranticipatedthatoneoftheserouteswillbeselectedtobeconsideredasapossiblerailroadaccessroute.Inaddition,asub-alternativetobeconsideredintheParksHighwayroutingswillbeonewhichenvisionstheestablishmentofarailhead(nearGoldCreek,forexample)asthewesternterminusoftheaccessroad.ThepreliminarystudyportionofthisphaseoftheworkwillentailreviewingphotosandexistingmapsofthepossibleaccessroutesaswellasthecompletereviewofallworkalreadycompletedbytheU.S.ArmyCorpsofEngineers.Oncethisworkiscompleted,itisantici-patedthatallthreecorridorsselectedforpossibleaccessrouteswillhavelowlevelaerialphotographyflown.Oncethisphotographyisavailable,detailedanalysesofthephotoscoupledwithexistingdatawillresultininitialrouteselection.Duringthisprocessthoseproblemareasidentifiedbythelowlevelaerialphotographywillbeinvestigatedinthefieldtodeterminesolutions.Followingthisworkcrosscomparisonsofpreliminarydesignwillbeaccomplishedsoastofinalizeselectionofthebestaccesstotheproject.Environmentaldatacollectionandimpactsanalysisofalternativeroutes--and,inmoredetail,oftheselectedroute--willbeaccomplishedasapartofTask8 -EnvironmentalStudies.Sufficientdetailwillbedevelopedtopermitpreparationofapreliminarycostestimate.SelectionofabestroutewillconsiderallaspectsandwilldrawheavilyaswelloninputsfromthepublicparticipationprogramoutlinedinTask12.Subsequentto1icenseapp1ication,fullcontrolwi11beestab1ishedalongtheaccessroutethathasbeenselectedandonceagainlowlevelaerialphotoswillbeflownandmappingwillbeaccomplishedtoafivefootintervalatascaleof1inch=200feet.Oncethisinformationhasbeenobtained,thedetaileddesignofanalignmentwithintheroute5-42Subtask2.10-AccessRoads(a)ObjectivesDefinealternativeaccessroutes;evaluatetechnical,economic,andenvironmentalfactorsforeach,andrecommendbestalternative.(b)ApproachAccessroadswillberequiredduringconstructiontodamsites,quarriesandborrowpits.Effortwillbemadetominimizegrades,numberandsizeofborrowpits,unwantedaccess,and1imitenviron-mentalconstraintsatthesmallestcostandtimetotheproject.Geologicalstudiesandsurveysarediscussedunderothertaskheadings.Forthisportionoftheworkitisanticipatedthatthreeseparaterouteswillbeconsideredindetail.TwooftheserouteswilloriginatefromthePark'sHighwayandextendtotheeasttothedamsite.OneroutewillfollowthenorthbankoftheSusitnaRivertothedamsite.TheotherroutewillfollowthesouthbankoftheSusitnaRiver.ThethirdroutetobeconsideredwillcomefromthenortheastfromtheDenaliHighway.Itisfurtheranticipatedthatoneoftheserouteswillbeselectedtobeconsideredasapossiblerailroadaccessroute.Inaddition,asub-alternativetobeconsideredintheParksHighwayroutingswillbeonewhichenvisionstheestablishmentofarailhead(nearGoldCreek,forexample)asthewesternterminusoftheaccessroad.ThepreliminarystudyportionofthisphaseoftheworkwillentailreviewingphotosandexistingmapsofthepossibleaccessroutesaswellasthecompletereviewofallworkalreadycompletedbytheU.S.ArmyCorpsofEngineers.Oncethisworkiscompleted,itisantici-patedthatallthreecorridorsselectedforpossibleaccessrouteswillhavelowlevelaerialphotographyflown.Oncethisphotographyisavailable,detailedanalysesofthephotoscoupledwithexistingdatawillresultininitialrouteselection.Duringthisprocessthoseproblemareasidentifiedbythelowlevelaerialphotographywillbeinvestigatedinthefieldtodeterminesolutions.Followingthisworkcrosscomparisonsofpreliminarydesignwillbeaccomplishedsoastofinalizeselectionofthebestaccesstotheproject.Environmentaldatacollectionandimpactsanalysisofalternativeroutes--and,inmoredetail,oftheselectedroute--willbeaccomplishedasapartofTask8-EnvironmentalStudies.Sufficientdetailwillbedevelopedtopermitpreparationofapreliminarycostestimate.SelectionofabestroutewillconsiderallaspectsandwilldrawheavilyaswelloninputsfromthepublicparticipationprogramoutlinedinTask12.Subsequentto1icenseapp1ication,fullcontrolwi11beestab1ishedalongtheaccessroutethathasbeenselectedandonceagainlowlevelaerialphotoswillbeflownandmappingwillbeaccomplishedtoafivefootintervalatascaleof1inch=200feet.Oncethisinformationhasbeenobtained,thedetaileddesignofanalignmentwithintheroute5-42 corridorwillbeaccomplished.Inconjunctionwiththisdetailedalignmentstudy,possiblematerialsiteswillalsobeinvestigated.Oncethefinalalignmenthasbeenestablished,thedrillingprogramtoestablishgeotechnicalandgeologicalcriteriawillbeinitiated.Uponthecompletionofthatphase,furtherinvestigationswillbenecessarytoremedyanyproblemsdiscoveredbythegeotechnicalinformation.Afterthisphaseiscompletedthefinalcostingfortheselectedalignmentwiththeproposedplanandprofilesheetsandawrittenreportwi11bepresented.(c)DiscussionTheselectionofaccessroadsinvolvesconsiderationofdiversefactorsandneithertechnicaleaseofdevelopmentnoreconomicconsiderationsalonewillnecessarilybethedecidingfactor.Indeed,fundamentalquestionsregardingeventualplansforcontrollingaccesstotheprojectandthefragilityoftheenvironmentitselfwillbeextremelyimportant.Inthisregard,anaccessroadwhichconnectsonlywitharailhead(tobeestablished,forexample,nearGoldCreek)wouldbetterfacilitatecontrollingvisitoraccessthanwouldaconnectionwithanyofthehighways.Thereislittledoubtthatconflictinginterestswillneedtobeaddressed.ItiscertainthatNativevillagesandtheCookInletRegion,whowilleventuallyacquiresurfaceandsubsurfacerightsintheprojectarea,willhavetobeheeded.Itiscertain,too,thattheimpactson1oca1fishandgamepopulationswi11havetobeweighedandassessed.Inshort,thissubtaskwillprovideforthecollectionofengineeringdata,thepreparationofpreliminaryeconomicdata,theevaluationofenvironmentaldatacollectedonothertasks,andtheselectionoftheapparentbestchoicewhenallfactorsareconsideredintheirproperperspectives.(d)ScheduleWeeks52through1005-43corridorwillbeaccomplished.Inconjunctionwiththisdetailedalignmentstudy,possiblematerialsiteswillalsobeinvestigated.Oncethefinalalignmenthasbeenestablished,thedrillingprogramtoestablishgeotechnicalandgeologicalcriteriawillbeinitiated.Uponthecompletionofthatphase,furtherinvestigationswillbenecessarytoremedyanyproblemsdiscoveredbythegeotechnicalinformation.Afterthisphaseiscompletedthefinalcostingfortheselectedalignmentwiththeproposedplanandprofilesheetsandawrittenreportwi11bepresented.(c)DiscussionTheselectionofaccessroadsinvolvesconsiderationofdiversefactorsandneithertechnicaleaseofdevelopmentnoreconomicconsiderationsalonewillnecessarilybethedecidingfactor.Indeed,fundamentalquestionsregardingeventualplansforcontrollingaccesstotheprojectandthefragilityoftheenvironmentitselfwillbeextremelyimportant.Inthisregard,anaccessroadwhichconnectsonlywitharailhead(tobeestablished,forexample,nearGoldCreek)wouldbetterfacilitatecontrollingvisitoraccessthanwouldaconnectionwithanyofthehighways.Thereislittledoubtthatconflictinginterestswillneedtobeaddressed.ItiscertainthatNativevillagesandtheCookInletRegion,whowilleventuallyacquiresurfaceandsubsurfacerightsintheprojectarea,willhavetobeheeded.Itiscertain,too,thattheimpactson1oca1fishandgamepopulationswi11havetobeweighedandassessed.Inshort,thissubtaskwillprovideforthecollectionofengineeringdata,thepreparationofpreliminaryeconomicdata,theevaluationofenvironmentaldatacollectedonothertasks,andtheselectionoftheapparentbestchoicewhenallfactorsareconsideredintheirproperperspectives.(d)ScheduleWeeks52through1005-43 Subtask2.11-MapandPhotoSearch(a)ObjectiveConductapreliminaryassessmentofthereservoirareasasthebasisforidentifyingproperlocationsforpursuinganoptimumfieldreconnaissanceprogram.(b)ApproachAllaerialphotography,satellitephotography,existingtopographicmaps,geologicmaps,andotheravailablefieldinformationwillbereviewedbyselectedmembersoftheprojectteam.Thisreviewwillconcentrateontheidentificationofparticularareaswhichrequireverificationorevaluationinthefieldduringasiteinspection.Baseduponthisreview,aprogramforconductofsubsequentfieldreconnaissanceeffortswillbeplannedindetail.(c)DiscussionDependinguponultimatelyselecteddamheightandsites,reservoirscanbeupwardsto100milesinlength.Itisneithernecessarynorpracti-calinthepre-licensingphasetoconductdetailedextensiveinvestiga-tionsofeverysquarefootinthisextensivearea.Evenso,aproperassessmentoftheimplicationsofinundationintheprojectareawillbenecessary.Baseduponthisassessment,costestimatesinvolvedinpreparinglandsforeventualinundationcanbederived.Inaddition,theremaybewaysandmeanstoreduceenvironmentalimpactifjudicioususeofmaterialsrecoveredfromreservoirareasisplannedintheprojectconstruction.(d)ScheduleWeeks16through265-44Subtask2.11-MapandPhotoSearch(a)ObjectiveConductapreliminaryassessmentofthereservoirareasasthebasisforidentifyingproperlocationsforpursuinganoptimumfieldreconnaissanceprogram.(b)ApproachAllaerialphotography,satellitephotography,existingtopographicmaps,geologicmaps,andotheravailablefieldinformationwillbereviewedbyselectedmembersoftheprojectteam.Thisreviewwillconcentrateontheidentificationofparticularareaswhichrequireverificationorevaluationinthefieldduringasiteinspection.Baseduponthisreview,aprogramforconductofsubsequentfieldreconnaissanceeffortswillbeplannedindetail.(c)DiscussionDependinguponultimatelyselecteddamheightandsites,reservoirscanbeupwardsto100milesinlength.Itisneithernecessarynorpracti-calinthepre-licensingphasetoconductdetailedextensiveinvestiga-tionsofeverysquarefootinthisextensivearea.Evenso,aproperassessmentoftheimplicationsofinundationintheprojectareawillbenecessary.Baseduponthisassessment,costestimatesinvolvedinpreparinglandsforeventualinundationcanbederived.Inaddition,theremaybewaysandmeanstoreduceenvironmentalimpactifjudicioususeofmaterialsrecoveredfromreservoirareasisplannedintheprojectconstruction.(d)ScheduleWeeks16through265-44 IjSubtask2.12-FieldReconnaissanceofReservoirArea(a)ObjectivesMakeon-the-groundcheckstoverifyadequacyofinformationobtainedduringthemapandphotosearch;morepreciselydelineatedimensionsofthoseportionsofthereservoirareawhicharelikelytorequirespecialattentionduringtheultimateconstructionoftheproject.(b)ApproachThefieldreconnaissanceteamwillbefurnishedwithmarked-upmapsproducedduringSubtask2.11.Bymakingon-the-groundinspections,theteamwillbeabletoascertaintheextentofclearingrequiredaswellasestimatesize,natureanddensityofvarioustreestoberemoved.Inaddition,someinitialestimateswillbemadeofsoiltypes,particularlyastheywouldaffectslopestability.Totheextentthatsurficialinspectionwillrevealit,thefieldteamwillseekborrowareasinreservoirsinordertominimizeeventualenvironmentalimpactoutsidereservoirareas.(c)DiscussionAportionofthefieldreconnaissanceeffortcanactuallybeaccom-plishedbyhelicopter,asthereconnaissanceteamoverfliesreservoirareasandchecksthegeneralshapeandlocationofvegetativegrowthtobeY"emoved,verifyingthatithasbeenaccuratelyreflectedintheinitialsubtask.Someon-the-groundverificationswillberequired.Thewholeeffort,insofarasfieldreconnaissanceisconcerned,isprimarilygearedtowardproducingareasonableestimateoftheeffortrequiredinpY"epaY"ingvariousareasforeventualinundation.Inthisregard,forexample,itbecomesimportanttoverifythesize,nature,diameteroftreesbecausemarketabilitywillbestudied.ThequestionofslopestabilityandprotectionisnaturallypertinentsincethereservoirlevelparticularlybehindWatanaDamisexpectedtofluctuateonanannualbasisbyasmuchas150feet.ThislatterquestionisseparatelyaddressedinSubtask2.15.(d)ScheduleWeeks26through345-45IjSubtask2.12-FieldReconnaissanceofReservoirArea(a)ObjectivesMakeon-the-groundcheckstoverifyadequacyofinformationobtainedduringthemapandphotosearch;morepreciselydelineatedimensionsofthoseportionsofthereservoirareawhicharelikelytorequirespecialattentionduringtheultimateconstructionoftheproject.(b)ApproachThefieldreconnaissanceteamwillbefurnishedwithmarked-upmapsproducedduringSubtask2.11.Bymakingon-the-groundinspections,theteamwillbeabletoascertaintheextentofclearingrequiredaswellasestimatesize,natureanddensityofvarioustreestoberemoved.Inaddition,someinitialestimateswillbemadeofsoiltypes,particularlyastheywouldaffectslopestability.Totheextentthatsurficialinspectionwillrevealit,thefieldteamwillseekborrowareasinreservoirsinordertominimizeeventualenvironmentalimpactoutsidereservoirareas.(c)DiscussionAportionofthefieldreconnaissanceeffortcanactuallybeaccom-plishedbyhelicopter,asthereconnaissanceteamoverfliesreservoirareasandchecksthegeneralshapeandlocationofvegetativegrowthtobeY"emoved,verifyingthatithasbeenaccuratelyreflectedintheinitialsubtask.Someon-the-groundverificationswillberequired.Thewholeeffort,insofarasfieldreconnaissanceisconcerned,isprimarilygearedtowardproducingareasonableestimateoftheeffortrequiredinpY"epaY"ingvariousareasforeventualinundation.Inthisregard,forexample,itbecomesimportanttoverifythesize,nature,diameteroftreesbecausemarketabilitywillbestudied.ThequestionofslopestabilityandprotectionisnaturallypertinentsincethereservoirlevelparticularlybehindWatanaDamisexpectedtofluctuateonanannualbasisbyasmuchas150feet.ThislatterquestionisseparatelyaddressedinSubtask2.15.(d)ScheduleWeeks26through345-45 Subtask2.13-MarketabilityandDisposalStudyforReservoirArea(a)ObjectivesStudyalternativemeansfordisposingofvegetativematerialtoberemovedfromthereservoirarea.(b)ApproachEnquirieswillbemadeofvariouscompaniesdealingintimberinAlaskawithaviewtowarddeterminingtheextenttowhichtimberharvestedfromtheproposedreservoirareasmaybemarketable.Intheeventthatthecostsofrecoveryexceedmarketvalues,anassessmentwillbemadeofintangiblebenefitswhichmaystillsuggestthatattemptingtosellcuttimberistheappropriateoption.Otheralternativesfordisposingofmaterialstoberemovedwillbeconsidered,toincludeburialaswellasburning.Nativevillageswhoselandsborderoractuallyoverlapwithproposedreservoirareaswillbeconsultedduringthecourseofthestudywithaviewtowardseekingtheirdesiresontimberdisposal.(c)DiscussionItisimportanttonotethateconomicswillnotbetheonlydeterminantintheevaluationofalternativemeansfordisposingofvegetativematerials.Indeed,ultimatedispositionmaybedirectedfarmorebyotherfactorsthanbyapparentleastcostalone.Evenso,forpurposesofestimatingcostsfor1icensing,itwillbesufficienttorepresenttheprobableleastcostmethodofundertakingthework.Nativevillagesowningsurfacerightstotheaffectedareaswillbedirectlyaffectedbythiswork.eIRIwillcoordinatetheinputofthevillages.Datagatheredduringtheprevioussubtaskregardingsizes,typesandquantitiesoftreesaswellasslopeconditionsandgeneralaccessi-bilitywillbeused.Alternativessuchashelicopterlogging,constructionofloggingroadsanduseofhovercraftwillbeconsidered.Thereisadistinctandimportantinterfacebetweenthisstudyandenvironmentalstudiesconductedinthesamearea.Summaryimpactswillbedescribedtoindicatethemostseriousconsequencesofburial,burning,andremoving.Whiledatacollectionduringprevioussubtaskswillhavebeenaccomplishedduringthesummerperiod,themarketabilityanddisposalstudyitselfcanbeconductedatanytimethereafter.(d)ScheduleWeeks34to485-46Subtask2.13-MarketabilityandDisposalStudyforReservoirArea(a)ObjectivesStudyalternativemeansfordisposingofvegetativematerialtoberemovedfromthereservoirarea.(b)ApproachEnquirieswillbemadeofvariouscompaniesdealingintimberinAlaskawithaviewtowarddeterminingtheextenttowhichtimberharvestedfromtheproposedreservoirareasmaybemarketable.Intheeventthatthecostsofrecoveryexceedmarketvalues,anassessmentwillbemadeofintangiblebenefitswhichmaystillsuggestthatattemptingtosellcuttimberistheappropriateoption.Otheralternativesfordisposingofmaterialstoberemovedwillbeconsidered,toincludeburialaswellasburning.Nativevillageswhoselandsborderoractuallyoverlapwithproposedreservoirareaswillbeconsultedduringthecourseofthestudywithaviewtowardseekingtheirdesiresontimberdisposal.(c)DiscussionItisimportanttonotethateconomicswillnotbetheonlydeterminantintheevaluationofalternativemeansfordisposingofvegetativematerials.Indeed,ultimatedispositionmaybedirectedfarmorebyotherfactorsthanbyapparentleastcostalone.Evenso,forpurposesofestimatingcostsfor1icensing,itwillbesufficienttorepresenttheprobableleastcostmethodofundertakingthework.Nativevillagesowningsurfacerightstotheaffectedareaswillbedirectlyaffectedbythiswork.eIRIwillcoordinatetheinputofthevillages.Datagatheredduringtheprevioussubtaskregardingsizes,typesandquantitiesoftreesaswellasslopeconditionsandgeneralaccessi-bilitywillbeused.Alternativessuchashelicopterlogging,constructionofloggingroadsanduseofhovercraftwillbeconsidered.Thereisadistinctandimportantinterfacebetweenthisstudyandenvironmentalstudiesconductedinthesamearea.Summaryimpactswillbedescribedtoindicatethemostseriousconsequencesofburial,burning,andremoving.Whiledatacollectionduringprevioussubtaskswillhavebeenaccomplishedduringthesummerperiod,themarketabilityanddisposalstudyitselfcanbeconductedatanytimethereafter.(d)ScheduleWeeks34to485-46 Subtask2.14-CostEstimatesforReservoirClearing(a)ObjectiveDeterminereservoirclearingcosts.(b)ApproachThissubtaskisnotindependentofthemarketabilitystudywhichprecedesitinthisPlanofStudy.Foreachmarketingalternative,therecouldbeadifferentclearingapproach.Thus,aseriesofsuccessiveiterationsofcostestimateswillbenecessaryuntilthepropercombinationofmarketingapproachanditsrelatedclearingtechniquehasbeenfound.Anestimatewillthenbemadeofthecostsofdoingtheclearingsothatthenetprofitorlossontimbermarket-ingcanbedetermined.(c)DiscussionItwillbenecessaryduringthistasktoseparateclearingcostsforreservoirsassociatedwitheachoftheproposeddams.Thiswillpermitsubsequentevaluationsofarangeofalternativephasingforseparatedamsinthesystem.(d)ScheduleWeeks34to485-47Subtask2.14-CostEstimatesforReservoirClearing(a)ObjectiveDeterminereservoirclearingcosts.(b)ApproachThissubtaskisnotindependentofthemarketabilitystudywhichprecedesitinthisPlanofStudy.Foreachmarketingalternative,therecouldbeadifferentclearingapproach.Thus,aseriesofsuccessiveiterationsofcostestimateswillbenecessaryuntilthepropercombinationofmarketingapproachanditsrelatedclearingtechniquehasbeenfound.Anestimatewillthenbemadeofthecostsofdoingtheclearingsothatthenetprofitorlossontimbermarket-ingcanbedetermined.(c)DiscussionItwillbenecessaryduringthistasktoseparateclearingcostsforreservoirsassociatedwitheachoftheproposeddams.Thiswillpermitsubsequentevaluationsofarangeofalternativephasingforseparatedamsinthesystem.(d)ScheduleWeeks34to485-47 Subtask2.15-SlopeStabilityandErosionStudies(a)ObjectivesEstimatetheextenttowhichclearedslopeswillmaintainstability;estimatetheriskthatcontinuedreservoiroperationwillcauseoneormoreslopestofail;andestimatecostsofminimizingslopefailurerisks.(b)ApproachFielddatacollectedduringthereconnaissanceunderSubtask2.12willbeusedasthebasisforanalyzingthepotentialforslopestabilityproblems.Totheextentthatsuchproblemsappeartoexist,alterna-tivemeansofslopeprotectionwillbeconsidered.Itwillbeassumedthatslopeprotectionwillberequiredifthereisadangeroffailureduringcontinuedoperation.(c)DiscussionRiskestimatesdevelopedduringthisstudywillbeusedultimatelyintheriskanalysistoensurethatallpotentialdifficultieshavebeenaccountedfor.Thecostsofprovidingappropriateslopeprotectionnecessarilybecomeapartofthetotalprojectcostestimatetobeconsideredultimatelyindeterminingprojectfinancibilityandviability.Subsequenttosubmissionofthelicenseapplication,muchmoredetailedandvigorouserosioncontrolstudieswillberequiredtominimizedamagecausedbyaconcentratedflowofwaterovernewlyconstructedslopesorinareaswherethenaturalvegetativecoverhasbeenremoved.Theobjectiveofthispost-applicationtaskwillbetoissuerecommendationsanddelineateproblemareaswhereanaddeddegreeofcautionshouldbeexercised.Atwopartstudyiscontemplatedtofulfilltheseneeds.Thistaskwillbelimitedtothegeneralsiteearthworkandisnotintendedtoaddresserosionofthedownstreamchannelofthedamsite.Inputfromthefirstphaseofthedetailederosionstudywillcomefromanevaluationofsoiltypesobtainedfromprojecttestboringsandlaboratorytestdata.Airphotostudieswillalsobeused.Itispresentlyanticipatedthatasufficientnumberoftestboringswillhavebeendrilledinotherprojecttaskstoaccomplishthisstudywithoutadditionaltestborings.Nevertheless,samplesofsurficialsoilmaybecollectedforidentificationandclassificationpurposes,andlaboratorytestsmaybeperformed.Areportdescribingareasofvaryingdegreesoferosionsusceptibilitywillbeprepared.Someofthefactorsthatwillbeconsideredinthisevaluationwillbethesoiltypeanditsconsistency.Includedinthisreportwillbeadiscussionoferosioncontrolforgeneralsitegrading.(d)ScheduleWeeks47to545-48Subtask2.15-SlopeStabilityandErosionStudies(a)ObjectivesEstimatetheextenttowhichclearedslopeswillmaintainstability;estimatetheriskthatcontinuedreservoiroperationwillcauseoneormoreslopestofail;andestimatecostsofminimizingslopefailurerisks.(b)ApproachFielddatacollectedduringthereconnaissanceunderSubtask2.12willbeusedasthebasisforanalyzingthepotentialforslopestabilityproblems.Totheextentthatsuchproblemsappeartoexist,alterna-tivemeansofslopeprotectionwillbeconsidered.Itwillbeassumedthatslopeprotectionwillberequiredifthereisadangeroffailureduringcontinuedoperation.(c)DiscussionRiskestimatesdevelopedduringthisstudywillbeusedultimatelyintheriskanalysistoensurethatallpotentialdifficultieshavebeenaccountedfor.Thecostsofprovidingappropriateslopeprotectionnecessarilybecomeapartofthetotalprojectcostestimatetobeconsideredultimatelyindeterminingprojectfinancibilityandviability.Subsequenttosubmissionofthelicenseapplication,muchmoredetailedandvigorouserosioncontrolstudieswillberequiredtominimizedamagecausedbyaconcentratedflowofwaterovernewlyconstructedslopesorinareaswherethenaturalvegetativecoverhasbeenremoved.Theobjectiveofthispost-applicationtaskwillbetoissuerecommendationsanddelineateproblemareaswhereanaddeddegreeofcautionshouldbeexercised.Atwopartstudyiscontemplatedtofulfilltheseneeds.Thistaskwillbelimitedtothegeneralsiteearthworkandisnotintendedtoaddresserosionofthedownstreamchannelofthedamsite.Inputfromthefirstphaseofthedetailederosionstudywillcomefromanevaluationofsoiltypesobtainedfromprojecttestboringsandlaboratorytestdata.Airphotostudieswillalsobeused.Itispresentlyanticipatedthatasufficientnumberoftestboringswillhavebeendrilledinotherprojecttaskstoaccomplishthisstudywithoutadditionaltestborings.Nevertheless,samplesofsurficialsoilmaybecollectedforidentificationandclassificationpurposes,andlaboratorytestsmaybeperformed.Areportdescribingareasofvaryingdegreesoferosionsusceptibilitywillbeprepared.Someofthefactorsthatwillbeconsideredinthisevaluationwillbethesoiltypeanditsconsistency.Includedinthisreportwillbeadiscussionoferosioncontrolforgeneralsitegrading.(d)ScheduleWeeks47to545-48 Subtask2.16-HydrographicSurveys(a)ObjectiveProvidefieldandaerialsurveydatarelatingtotherivergradientandcrosssectionalconfigurationoftheactivefloodplain.(b)ApproachThroughtheuseofdeferentiallevelcircuits,60milesofriverwillbeprofiledfromthelowerportionofDevilCanyon,downstream,totheconfluenceoftheSusitna,TalkeetnaandChulitnaRiversnearthetownofTalkeetna.Pre-setpicturepanelsforaerialphotogrammetrywillbetiedtotheprofilelevelcircuitforlateruseinrivercrosssections.Crosssectionsoftheriver'sactivefloodplainwillbemeasuredatselectedintervalsandbasedonelevationsestablishedduringriverprofiling.Thetrueintervalandrelationshipofrivercrosssectionstotheriverandothercrosssectionswillbedeterminedphotogrammetricallyandgeometricallyfrompre-setpicturepanels(crosses)thatcanbeidentifiedintheaerialphotos.(c)DiscussionCarefulstudyofdownstreamhydrographicconditionsisavitalpartofthetotaldatacollectioneffort,particularlybecauseprojectoperat-ionwillproducechangesintheflowregime.Subsequentenvironmentalstudieswillrelyonthedataproducedhereforuseinthestudyofpotentialimpactsonfisheriesaswellasonmoosebrowsenowgrowingincertainlowareassubjecttoregularinundationwhentheprojectoperates.Inaddition,asdesignstudiesprogress,determinationswillbemadeastotheneedforre-regulationstructures.(d)ScheduleWeeks5through17and36through485-49Subtask2.16-HydrographicSurveys(a)ObjectiveProvidefieldandaerialsurveydatarelatingtotherivergradientandcrosssectionalconfigurationoftheactivefloodplain.(b)ApproachThroughtheuseofdeferentiallevelcircuits,60milesofriverwillbeprofiledfromthelowerportionofDevilCanyon,downstream,totheconfluenceoftheSusitna,TalkeetnaandChulitnaRiversnearthetownofTalkeetna.Pre-setpicturepanelsforaerialphotogrammetrywillbetiedtotheprofilelevelcircuitforlateruseinrivercrosssections.Crosssectionsoftheriver'sactivefloodplainwillbemeasuredatselectedintervalsandbasedonelevationsestablishedduringriverprofiling.Thetrueintervalandrelationshipofrivercrosssectionstotheriverandothercrosssectionswillbedeterminedphotogrammetricallyandgeometricallyfrompre-setpicturepanels(crosses)thatcanbeidentifiedintheaerialphotos.(c)DiscussionCarefulstudyofdownstreamhydrographicconditionsisavitalpartofthetotaldatacollectioneffort,particularlybecauseprojectoperat-ionwillproducechangesintheflowregime.Subsequentenvironmentalstudieswillrelyonthedataproducedhereforuseinthestudyofpotentialimpactsonfisheriesaswellasonmoosebrowsenowgrowingincertainlowareassubjecttoregularinundationwhentheprojectoperates.Inaddition,asdesignstudiesprogress,determinationswillbemadeastotheneedforre-regulationstructures.(d)ScheduleWeeks5through17and36through485-49 A.5.4-TASK3:HYDROLOGY(i)TaskObjectivesToundertakeandreportonallhydrologic,hydraulic,ice,andclimaticstudiesnecessarytocompletethefeasibilitydesignoftheSusitnaprojectandtoprovidesufficientdocumentationfortheFERClicenseapplication.(ii)TaskOutput-DataIndexSystemAdataindexsystemlistingalltheavailablehydrologicandclimatologicdatawillbecompiledandcirculated.HardcopyofthemorerelevantdataitemswillbestoredintheprojectofficeinAnchorageandcopiesmadeavailabletothoserequestingit.Alltheadditionalhydrologicandclimatologicfielddatacollectedaspartofthisstudywillbedocumentedoneithercomputerprintoutsheetsortypewrittentables.-WrittenSectionsandDrawingsforInclusionintheFERCLicenseApplicationExhibitH-proposedreservoiroperatingrules,predictedreservoirbehavior,anddownstreamwaterqualityandflowconditions.ExhibitI -dependablepowerflow,criticaldesignlowflowperiod,flowdurationcurvesandtailwaterratingcurves.ExhibitK -reservoirshorelinesformaximumandminimumreservoirwaterlevelsandreservoirwaterlevelareaandcapacitycurves.ExhibitL -spillwaydesignfloodandcapacityandfreeboardallowance.-HydrologicAppendicestoEngineeringReportThedetailedtechnicalappendiceswillcontainsectionsonthefollowingtypesofstudies:hydrology(resourceandfloods),reservoiroperation,hydraulic,sedimentyield,rivermorphology,iceengineering,climaticstudiesfortransmissionlinedesign,andhydrologicandhydraulicstudiesfortheaccessroad.- ASeriesofDesignTransmittalsThesewillsummarizethepertinentdesignparametersobtainedfromthestudiesoutlinedabove.5-50A.5.4-TASK3:HYDROLOGY(i)TaskObjectivesToundertakeandreportonallhydrologic,hydraulic,ice,andclimaticstudiesnecessarytocompletethefeasibilitydesignoftheSusitnaprojectandtoprovidesufficientdocumentationfortheFERClicenseapplication.(ii)TaskOutput-DataIndexSystemAdataindexsystemlistingalltheavailablehydrologicandclimatologicdatawillbecompiledandcirculated.HardcopyofthemorerelevantdataitemswillbestoredintheprojectofficeinAnchorageandcopiesmadeavailabletothoserequestingit.Alltheadditionalhydrologicandclimatologicfielddatacollectedaspartofthisstudywillbedocumentedoneithercomputerprintoutsheetsortypewrittentables.-WrittenSectionsandDrawingsforInclusionintheFERCLicenseApplicationExhibitH-proposedreservoiroperatingrules,predictedreservoirbehavior,anddownstreamwaterqualityandflowconditions.ExhibitI-dependablepowerflow,criticaldesignlowflowperiod,flowdurationcurvesandtailwaterratingcurves.ExhibitK-reservoirshorelinesformaximumandminimumreservoirwaterlevelsandreservoirwaterlevelareaandcapacitycurves.ExhibitL-spillwaydesignfloodandcapacityandfreeboardallowance.-HydrologicAppendicestoEngineeringReportThedetailedtechnicalappendiceswillcontainsectionsonthefollowingtypesofstudies:hydrology(resourceandfloods),reservoiroperation,hydraulic,sedimentyield,rivermorphology,iceengineering,climaticstudiesfortransmissionlinedesign,andhydrologicandhydraulicstudiesfortheaccessroad.-ASeriesofDesignTransmittalsThesewillsummarizethepertinentdesignparametersobtainedfromthestudiesoutlinedabove.5-50 (iii)ListofSubtasks3.01-ReviewofAvailableMaterial3.02-FieldDataIndexandDistributionSystem3.03-FieldDataCollectionandProcessing3.04-WaterResourcesStudies3.05-FloodStudies3.06-HydraulicandIceStudies3.07-SedimentYieldandRiverMorphologyStudies3.08-ClimaticStudiesforTransmissionLine3.09-AccessRoadStudies3.10-LowerSusitnaStudies(iv)SubtaskScopeStatementsTheschedulingoftheabovesubtasksispresentedinSectionA7,PlateA7.1.Theactivitieshavebeenspecificallyscheduledtomakemaximumuseofthefielddataasitbecomesavailableandtoprovidethenecessaryinputtotheothercomponentsofthestudies.ArrangementshavebeenmadetoenlisttheservicesofDr.R.CarlsontoactasconsultanttoSubtask3.05(FloodStudies).WeproposetomakesimilararrangementswithDr.T.E.OsterkampoftheGeophysicalInstitute,UniversityofAlaskatoactontheiceengineeringrelatedaspectsofSubtasks3.06(HydraulicandIceStudies)and3.03(FieldDataCollectionandProcessing).ContactwillalsobemadewiththeU.S.G.S.officeinAnchoragetodeterminewhatassistancetheycanprovidebothintermsofexpertadviceonfieldequipmentselectionandoperation(Subtask3.03)aswellasreactivationandoperationofsomeoftheirdiscontinuedgaugingstations(Subtasks3.03and3.10).Adetaileddiscussionoftheobjectives,theapproachesandthecostsandschedulesassociatedwiththesubtasksfollows.5-51(iii)ListofSubtasks3.01-ReviewofAvailableMaterial3.02-FieldDataIndexandDistributionSystem3.03-FieldDataCollectionandProcessing3.04-WaterResourcesStudies3.05-FloodStudies3.06-HydraulicandIceStudies3.07-SedimentYieldandRiverMorphologyStudies3.08-ClimaticStudiesforTransmissionLine3.09-AccessRoadStudies3.10-LowerSusitnaStudies(iv)SubtaskScopeStatementsTheschedulingoftheabovesubtasksispresentedinSectionA7,PlateA7.1.Theactivitieshavebeenspecificallyscheduledtomakemaximumuseofthefielddataasitbecomesavailableandtoprovidethenecessaryinputtotheothercomponentsofthestudies.ArrangementshavebeenmadetoenlisttheservicesofDr.R.CarlsontoactasconsultanttoSubtask3.05(FloodStudies).WeproposetomakesimilararrangementswithDr.T.E.OsterkampoftheGeophysicalInstitute,UniversityofAlaskatoactontheiceengineeringrelatedaspectsofSubtasks3.06(HydraulicandIceStudies)and3.03(FieldDataCollectionandProcessing).ContactwillalsobemadewiththeU.S.G.S.officeinAnchoragetodeterminewhatassistancetheycanprovidebothintermsofexpertadviceonfieldequipmentselectionandoperation(Subtask3.03)aswellasreactivationandoperationofsomeoftheirdiscontinuedgaugingstations(Subtasks3.03and3.10).Adetaileddiscussionoftheobjectives,theapproachesandthecostsandschedulesassociatedwiththesubtasksfollows.5-51 Subtask3.01-ReviewofAvailableMaterial(a)TaskObjectivesAssemblyandreviewofallavailablereports,mapsandstudiesrelatingtohydrologicaspectsoftheSusitnaandneighboringbasins,andabstractionofhydro1ogicdesignparametersrequiredfortheplanningstudiesconcernedwithalternativehydrosites,includingsmallhydrodevelopment.(b)ApproachAllavailablereports,mapsandotherpertinentdocumentswillbeobtainedandreviewed.DetaileddiscussionswillbeheldwithindividualsandagencieswhohavebeenengagedinthepastandwhoarecurrentlyengagedinstudiesintheSusitnabasinandsurroundingareas,(e.g.,staffattheUniversityofAlaska,APA,theHydrologySectionoftheU.S.CorpsandtheUSGSofficestaffinAnchorage).Allinformationonmeanannualflows,seasonaldistributionofflow,reservoirdrawdownandfirmandinstalledcapacitywillbeabstracted.Ifnecessary,manualadjustmentswillbemadetotheseparameterstoensurethatstandardizedparametersareavailableforeachsiteandthatsimilarapproachesareappliedtodefiningfirmpowerandinstalledcapacity.ThistaskwillbeperformedjointlybyR&MandAcres.(c)ScheduleWeeks1through265-52Subtask3.01-ReviewofAvailableMaterial(a)TaskObjectivesAssemblyandreviewofallavailablereports,mapsandstudiesrelatingtohydrologicaspectsoftheSusitnaandneighboringbasins,andabstractionofhydro1ogicdesignparametersrequiredfortheplanningstudiesconcernedwithalternativehydrosites,includingsmallhydrodevelopment.(b)ApproachAllavailablereports,mapsandotherpertinentdocumentswillbeobtainedandreviewed.DetaileddiscussionswillbeheldwithindividualsandagencieswhohavebeenengagedinthepastandwhoarecurrentlyengagedinstudiesintheSusitnabasinandsurroundingareas,(e.g.,staffattheUniversityofAlaska,APA,theHydrologySectionoftheU.S.CorpsandtheUSGSofficestaffinAnchorage).Allinformationonmeanannualflows,seasonaldistributionofflow,reservoirdrawdownandfirmandinstalledcapacitywillbeabstracted.Ifnecessary,manualadjustmentswillbemadetotheseparameterstoensurethatstandardizedparametersareavailableforeachsiteandthatsimilarapproachesareappliedtodefiningfirmpowerandinstalledcapacity.ThistaskwillbeperformedjointlybyR&MandAcres.(c)ScheduleWeeks1through265-52 Subtask3.02-FieldDataIndexandDistributionSystem(a)ObjectivesEstablishaformaldataindexinganddistributionsystemtokeepthestudyteamandallotherpartiesconcernedwiththeprojectfullyupdatedonthestatusofavailablehydrologicalandclimatologicdata.(b)ApproachThefielddataacquisitionrequirementsfortheproposedstudyaresubstantial.Adataindexdescribingallthecurrentlyavailablehydrologicandclimatologicdatawillthereforebecompiled.Allnewdatacollectedbyotherorganizationswithinthebasinandbythestudyteamwillbeaddedtotheindex.Itisproposedtoupdatetheindexeverysixmonths.Hardcopyoftheavailabledatawillbeobtainedandstored.Copiesofselecteditemsofdatawillbedispatchedtoprojectteammembersandotherconcernedpartiesonrequest.Allnewfielddatacollectedbytheprojectteamwillbestoredoncomputerfacilitiesand/orintabulatedform.Copiesofthisinformationwillbeissuedtothoserequestingit.(c)DiscussionItwillnotbepossibletoobtainandstorehardcopyofsomeofthedetailedclimaticdatacollectedattheexistingcompletemeteorologicstationsorfromtheproposedautomaticclimatestations.However,provisionwillbemadetoaccessthesedatafilesandabstractfromthemdatainsummarizedformasrequiredbytheprojectstaff.ThisworkwillbedonebyR&M.(d)ScheduleSetup:Weeks5through13Operation:Weeks14through1305-53Subtask3.02-FieldDataIndexandDistributionSystem(a)ObjectivesEstablishaformaldataindexinganddistributionsystemtokeepthestudyteamandallotherpartiesconcernedwiththeprojectfullyupdatedonthestatusofavailablehydrologicalandclimatologicdata.(b)ApproachThefielddataacquisitionrequirementsfortheproposedstudyaresubstantial.Adataindexdescribingallthecurrentlyavailablehydrologicandclimatologicdatawillthereforebecompiled.Allnewdatacollectedbyotherorganizationswithinthebasinandbythestudyteamwillbeaddedtotheindex.Itisproposedtoupdatetheindexeverysixmonths.Hardcopyoftheavailabledatawillbeobtainedandstored.Copiesofselecteditemsofdatawillbedispatchedtoprojectteammembersandotherconcernedpartiesonrequest.Allnewfielddatacollectedbytheprojectteamwillbestoredoncomputerfacilitiesand/orintabulatedform.Copiesofthisinformationwillbeissuedtothoserequestingit.(c)DiscussionItwillnotbepossibletoobtainandstorehardcopyofsomeofthedetailedclimaticdatacollectedattheexistingcompletemeteorologicstationsorfromtheproposedautomaticclimatestations.However,provisionwillbemadetoaccessthesedatafilesandabstractfromthemdatainsummarizedformasrequiredbytheprojectstaff.ThisworkwillbedonebyR&M.(d)ScheduleSetup:Weeks5through13Operation:Weeks14through1305-53 Subtask3.03-FieldDataCollectionandProcessing(a)ObjectiveTosupplementtheavailablestreamflowandclimatologicdatawithintheSusitnaRiverBasinandalongtheproposedtransmissioncorridors.(b)ApproachThedatacollectionprogramoutlinedinthissectionhasbeenspecificallytailoredtoprovideadequateinputtothedesignoftheprojectandtomeettherequirementsoftheFERClicensingprocedure.-FieldDataSpecificationsItisproposedtoproduceformalspecificationsforallthehydrologicandclimatologicfielddatatobecollected.Thiswillfacilitatethedetailedplanningofthefieldprogramandwillallowthevarioustechnicaldisciplinesassociatedwiththestudytoderivemaximumbenefitfromthedatacollectionprogram.Duringtheearlystagesofthestudy,dataspecificationswillbedrawnupbyamultidisciplinaryteamresponsibleforenvironmental,hydrologic,hydraulicandiceengineeringaspectsofthestudyduringtheinitialfieldtripsinthearea.ThesespecificationswouldbesubmittedtoFederalandstateagenciesforcommenttoensurethatmaximumbenefitisderivedfromthefieldprogram.Thespecificationswilldescribeitemstobecollected,listthetype ofequipmenttobeused,theaccuracytobeachieved,thefrequencyoftheobservationsandtherateatwhichtheinformationistobeprocessedandpUblished.DiscussionswillbeheldwiththeconsultantstothestudybasedintheUniversityofAlaskatoexplorethepossibilityofapplyingsatelliteorhigh-levelaircraftphotographytoimproveaccuracyofestimatingthespatialdistributionofthesnowcover.Itshouldbenotedthatnobudgethasbeenprovidedforundertakingthistype ofworkshoulditprovefeasible.-FieldDataCollectionToensurethatadequatedataisavailableforthefeasibilitydesignandlicenseapplicationandsubsequentpreliminaryengineering,anearlystartmustbemadewithfielddatacollection.AtentativeprogramhasbeendevelopedandissummarizedinTableA5.2.ProvisionallocationsofdatacollectionpointsareshowninPlates13.1and13.2.5-54Subtask3.03-FieldDataCollectionandProcessing(a)ObjectiveTosupplementtheavailablestreamflowandclimatologicdatawithintheSusitnaRiverBasinandalongtheproposedtransmissioncorridors.(b)ApproachThedatacollectionprogramoutlinedinthissectionhasbeenspecificallytailoredtoprovideadequateinputtothedesignoftheprojectandtomeettherequirementsoftheFERClicensingprocedure.-FieldDataSpecificationsItisproposedtoproduceformalspecificationsforallthehydrologicandclimatologicfielddatatobecollected.Thiswillfacilitatethedetailedplanningofthefieldprogramandwillallowthevarioustechnicaldisciplinesassociatedwiththestudytoderivemaximumbenefitfromthedatacollectionprogram.Duringtheearlystagesofthestudy,dataspecificationswillbedrawnupbyamultidisciplinaryteamresponsibleforenvironmental,hydrologic,hydraulicandiceengineeringaspectsofthestudyduringtheinitialfieldtripsinthearea.ThesespecificationswouldbesubmittedtoFederalandstateagenciesforcommenttoensurethatmaximumbenefitisderivedfromthefieldprogram.Thespecificationswilldescribeitemstobecollected,listthetype ofequipmenttobeused,theaccuracytobeachieved,thefrequencyoftheobservationsandtherateatwhichtheinformationistobeprocessedandpUblished.DiscussionswillbeheldwiththeconsultantstothestudybasedintheUniversityofAlaskatoexplorethepossibilityofapplyingsatelliteorhigh-levelaircraftphotographytoimproveaccuracyofestimatingthespatialdistributionofthesnowcover.Itshouldbenotedthatnobudgethasbeenprovidedforundertakingthistype ofworkshoulditprovefeasible.-FieldDataCollectionToensurethatadequatedataisavailableforthefeasibilitydesignandlicenseapplicationandsubsequentpreliminaryengineering,anearlystartmustbemadewithfielddatacollection.AtentativeprogramhasbeendevelopedandissummarizedinTableA5.2.ProvisionallocationsofdatacollectionpointsareshowninPlates13.1and13.2.5-54 Apermanentfieldcrewoftwopeoplewillbeassignedtoinstallandoperatetheequipmentandtoretrievet.hedata).~xtensive~sewillbemadeofhelicoptertransporttoaccessthe,remotestations.Afixed-wingaircraftwillbeusedintheaerialicecoversurveysandtoservicesomeoftheremotesnowcourseandclimaticstations.Duringthefirsthalfof1981,thefielddataspecificationswillbereviewedandamendedinthelightofoneyear'sexperienceinthefield.Itisanticipatedthatthelocationofthetransmissionlinecorridorwillhavebeenselectedandthatsomeoftheautomaticclimatic,in-cloudicing,andfreezingrainstationsmayhavetoberelocated.Theadditionalthreeautomaticclimaticstations,aswellastheadditionalin-cloudicing,freezingrainandsnowcreepstationswillbeinstalled.-FieldDataProcessingFielddataprocessingwillbeconcernedwiththefollowing:abstractingandstoringinformationonthechartsobtainedfromtheautomaticclimaticstationsandwaterlevelrecorderscalculatingwaterandsedimentdischargesfromfieldobservationslaboratoryanalysesofwaterqualityandsedimentsamplesdocumentationoftheicecoverobservationprogramdocumentationofthesnowcoursedata,transmissionlineicing,freezingrain,snowcreepandglacialmeasurements.Someofthisdataprocessingwillbecarriedoutonacomputer;theremainderwillbedealtwithmanually.Atechnicianwillberesponsibleonafull-timebasis forallthedataprocessing.Additionaltechnicalassistancewillbeavailableasandwhenrequired.(c)DiscussionThistaskwillbeundertakenbyR&MwithreviewbyAcres.ImportantaspectsassociatedwithTableA5.2areasfollows:-TheprogramhasbeenbasedontheassumptionthattheDevilsCanyonandWatanaDamsitewillbetheselectedprojectsites.-TheinitiallocationoftheclimaticstationsisbasedintheassumptionthatthetransmissionroutewillbelocatedalongtherailwaylinkingFairbanksandAnchorage.Shouldanalternativetransmissioncorridorbeselectedduring1980,theclimaticstationsinstalledalongtherailroutewillberelocatedduring1981.Thisisnotanticipatedtocauseanydelaysinthestudyasthedataobtainedduringthefirstyearcouldbeusedtoobtainpreliminarydesigncriteriaforthealternativeroute.Provisionhasbeenmadeinthecostestimatestocopewithrelocationofthestations.5-55Apermanentfieldcrewoftwopeoplewillbeassignedtoinstallandoperatetheequipmentandtoretrievet.hedata).~xtensive~sewillbemadeofhelicoptertransporttoaccessthe,remotestations.Afixed-wingaircraftwillbeusedintheaerialicecoversurveysandtoservicesomeoftheremotesnowcourseandclimaticstations.Duringthefirsthalfof1981,thefielddataspecificationswillbereviewedandamendedinthelightofoneyear'sexperienceinthefield.Itisanticipatedthatthelocationofthetransmissionlinecorridorwillhavebeenselectedandthatsomeoftheautomaticclimatic,in-cloudicing,andfreezingrainstationsmayhavetoberelocated.Theadditionalthreeautomaticclimaticstations,aswellastheadditionalin-cloudicing,freezingrainandsnowcreepstationswillbeinstalled.-FieldDataProcessingFielddataprocessingwillbeconcernedwiththefollowing:abstractingandstoringinformationonthechartsobtainedfromtheautomaticclimaticstationsandwaterlevelrecorderscalculatingwaterandsedimentdischargesfromfieldobservationslaboratoryanalysesofwaterqualityandsedimentsamplesdocumentationoftheicecoverobservationprogramdocumentationofthesnowcoursedata,transmissionlineicing,freezingrain,snowcreepandglacialmeasurements.Someofthisdataprocessingwillbecarriedoutonacomputer;theremainderwillbedealtwithmanually.Atechnicianwillberesponsibleonafull-timebasis forallthedataprocessing.Additionaltechnicalassistancewillbeavailableasandwhenrequired.(c)DiscussionThistaskwillbeundertakenbyR&MwithreviewbyAcres.ImportantaspectsassociatedwithTableA5.2areasfollows:-TheprogramhasbeenbasedontheassumptionthattheDevilsCanyonandWatanaDamsitewillbetheselectedprojectsites.-TheinitiallocationoftheclimaticstationsisbasedintheassumptionthatthetransmissionroutewillbelocatedalongtherailwaylinkingFairbanksandAnchorage.Shouldanalternativetransmissioncorridorbeselectedduring1980,theclimaticstationsinstalledalongtherailroutewillberelocatedduring1981.Thisisnotanticipatedtocauseanydelaysinthestudyasthedataobtainedduringthefirstyearcouldbeusedtoobtainpreliminarydesigncriteriaforthealternativeroute.Provisionhasbeenmadeinthecostestimatestocopewithrelocationofthestations.5-55 TI'lllE 16.2 -PIU'OSED HYlH.llIiIC FIELD [VITA allECTI(Jj flIORIM fire8el>leen foI'!<5lred P<rarete'"s TilE 8el>leen Statioo ItJlber of Stat i<J1S Installed Tjp?(<n:l Qurti~)<i Statioo fwe P(B"arete"j>tear~(bservat i<J1S Visits IBJ I93I Maj<r E'lfiprent to '"Ptn:hased 4 Gaging Water level 01<rt or t"",recot"<I2r Coot iruws SumEr:2-4 ,.,,,1,,3 (2 """at~sites,rme Wate'"level recot"<I2rs (3 +1 spare) r&ctivate Statioo Current IlEI:ers (2) WatB'"-'sch<rge CiD Ie way or 00at <n:l SumEr:2-4 wee:s Winter:1 nooth 2915 on the Susitna RiVe'")Boats (2) 0JITeI1t neter Winte'":2-3 ITIJfIths CiDle ways f2lIceaJ9""S 2 Wate'"level WatB'"level Staff SaJ<)"<J1d peak SUnrer:2-8 wee:s As in previous 8 rme Staff ~ level mdlcatcr Winte'":2 ITIJfIths co1(l1Jl Peil<1eve indicators 5 SedillE!1t disch<rge Suspended sedillE!1t ~sedirrent As for wat8'"P6 inp--evioos 4 (3 involve rmkellE!1tary rme Suspended sedirrent SilJ1llers (3) ccn:entriltion satpler disch<rge co1(l1Jl IIeasurarB1ts at stati<J1S Bed material satp1ers (2) Bed material size 2910,2912,2920). Smi course Smi pock depth Cooventiooal Sl1lJII survey 2-4 wee:s clJring As in previous 4 rme Cooventiona1 Sr>:>I survey E'lfiJIll'f1t cn:I water B:lUiva-E'lfiprent and/or Sr>:>I winter nooths co l(llJl ?set).Smi pillcws lent pillcws 4 +1 spare) Water 'lfa1ity TaIperature,1 Field rreasuring E'lfiprent SumEr:Inmth SUnrer:Inmth 3 1 Mers (1 set) m turtidity,con-Winter:2-3 nmths Winter:2-3 nmths,dJctivity,m dissolved oxyg=n,'"J11 Alkalinity l GriD satp1es <n:l l""r-As ""ve As <bJve Titration kit GO.1 atory analysis in field Total <n:l ortho ):1,";,g satples <n:l 1iDora-As <bJve As <bJve Freezing "luiprent in field phosphorus )tory analysis in carp (1) Total <n:l kjeldahl)Anchorilg! nitrogen ) Total dissolved ) and suspended ) solids ) Tra::e rretals ) Cl imatic Wind speed <n:l Putonat ic ""ather Cant il'J.lOOs M:>1thly 5 3 Ptrtonat ic ""ather stat ions (autanat ic)directioo statioo (9 +2 spare) Relative Iunidity TaIperature Rainls"""(urI1eated gaLJg!) TI'lllE 16.2 -PIU'OSED HYlH.llIiIC FIELD [VITA allECTI(Jj flIORIM 11'l'e BetWeeJ1 foI'!<5lred P<rarete'"s TilE _Statioo ItJlber of Stat i<J1S Installed Tjp?(<n:l Qurti~)<i Statioo Twe P(B"arete"j>tear~(bservat i<J1S Visits IBJ I93I Maj<r E'lfiprent to '"Ptn:hased 4 Gaging Water level 01<rt or t"",recot"<I2r Coot iruws SumEr:2-4 ,.,,,1,,3 (2 """at~sites,rme Wate'"level recot"<I2rs (3 +1 spare) r&ctivate Statioo Current IlEI:ers (2) WatB'"-'sch<rge CiD Ie way or 00at <n:l SumEr:2-4 wee:s Winter:lnooth 2915 on the Susitna RiVe'")Boats (2) 0JITeI1t neter Winte'":2-3 ITIJfIths CiDle ways f2lIceaJ9""S 2 Wate'"level WatB'"level Staff SaJ<)"<J1d peak SUnrer:2-8 wee:s As in previous 8 rme Staff ~ level mdlcatcr Winte'":2 ITIJfIths co1(l1Jl Peil<1eve indicators 5 SedillE!1t disch<rge Suspended sedillE!1t Suspended sedirrent As for wat8'"P6 inp--evioos 4 (3 involve rmkellE!1tary rme Suspended sedirrent SilJ1llers (3) ccn:entriltion satpler disch<rge co1(l1Jl IIeasurarB1ts at stati<J1S Bed material satp1ers (2) Bed material size 2910,2912,2920). Smi course Smi pock depth Cooventiooal Sl1lJII survey 2-4 wee:s clJring As in previous 4 rme Cooventiona1 Sr>:>I survey E'lfiJIll'f1t cn:I water B:lUiva-E'lfiprent and/or Sr>:>I winter nooths co l(llJl ?set).Smi pillcws lent pillcws 4 +1 spare) Water 'lfa1ity TaIperature,1 Field rreasuring 8:iUiprent SumEr:1 nmth SUnrer:Inmth 3 1 Mers (1 set) m turtidity,con-Winter:2-3 nmths Winter:2-3 nmths,dJctivity,m dissolved oxyg=n,'"J11 Alkalinity GriD satp1es <n:l l""r-As ""ve As <bJve Titration kit GO.1 atory analysis in field Total <n:l ortho ):1,";,g satples <n:l 1iDora-As <bJve As <bJve Freezing "luiprent in field phosphorus )tory analysis in carp (1) Total <n:l kjeldahl)Anchorilg! nitrogen ) Total dissolved ) and suspended ) solids ) Tra::e rretals ) Cl imatic Wind speed <n:l Putonat ic ""ather Cant il'J.lOOs M:>1thly 5 3 Ptrtonat ic ""ather stat ions (autanat ic)directioo statioo (9 +2 spare) Relative Iunidity TaIperature Rainls"""(urI1eated gaLJg!) TI'IllE fJ5.2 -PImlSED H'fIlUffiJC FlEW liITA Oll£Cl1Ul POOR'M (Coot'd) f.,.,_ !'Ieas<red P..-areters Tine _Statioo turiler of Statioos Installed T)IlJ (<nI Q<Ja1tity)if Stat;oo T;pe Pcrareter Iype Of @nplBil Ct>servatioos Visits l!8J 1001 Major E~iprart.to be Plrchased 1 Climatic P6 <ixwe,plus Jlutanatic >ealh€r CootifOOJS Daily 1 ~ (illtanatic with solar radiatioo station plus sore heated !JlU92 plus EVi\lOl"atioo pal 00server infot'll'ation sme 00server Visibility infonnation)(heated !JlU92) (),ly during ...1medi-Sp..-adic ate1y after icing conditioos (),ly during ...1medi-Sp..-adic ately after freezing rain In cloud icing Freezing rain Sncw creep 2 (Jl Ice cover~(Ground survey) Ice bJildup on a tra1Sl11ission line Ice bJildup during a precipitation event Sncw creep Ice thickness SOOrt sect ion if trans- mission line, 6 feet long IIOOlI:ed 5 feet itoVe gwrd fbrizonta1 steel plate, Sncw ll'ilJi<ers <nI survey ~irrrent 2-5 aLJ9'r ill1es for rreasurarent 2-4 _s dJring winter IIDI'lths Sumer:rKJI'lE! Winter:1 nnnth M:>1th ly dJring winter rronths SumEr:none Winter:1 nnnth 3 3 3 &-12 2. 2 5 ().4 Sl:>rt sectim of trcnsmission line Steel plates Sncw narl<ers Ice penetrrneter 3 Ice cover (Aeri a1 survey) Ice carpetence Extent of ice cover Locat ion of ice jans Visual inspection <nI/or penetrrneter clevice Visual <nI rtot"9"aphic LlJring lreiK-up rec..-ds period -one to several days LlJring freezo>-up period -_ly Carera EquiJJ!E11l: Glacial Ice surging! recessioo &glacial surfa:e features Strvey,visual & rtot"9"aphic records Two rronths Two rronths Strvey Illlrl<ers Footnotes: (I)Located at the perIlllnent Watana field C"'P. (2lLocations to IE fimed up after initial field trips <nI review of field data collected Qy GeqJhysical I[1Stitute,Ll1iversityof Alaska. Anticipate 6-8 stations on the Susitna River and 2-4 on ilJlXlrtant tributaries.. ((3»As for Note 2.Anticipate to cover entire reach fran Maclaren -Susitna River junction to confluence of Chulitna River. 4 It is GSsured that the existing cable at Vee can IE 'Waded for use. (SlIt is p..-posed to uncErtiKe only sp..-adic visits to the station at VEE (i.e.at 9"9"2915). TI'IllE fJ5.2 -PImlSED H'fIlUffiJC FlEW liITA Oll£Cl1Ul POOR'M (Coot'd) Station Twe Tine_ lbsa'vations 1"IIE Beti\i2e'i Station Visits turiler of Stations Installed l!8J 1001 Twe (<nI Q<Ja1tity)if Major E<pipn31t to be Plrchased Jlutanatic ~ stat ion plus sore observer infot'll'at ion ()'ly during or 1medi-Sporadic ately after icing conditions 1 ~As <ixlve,plus solar r~:jiation EVi\lOl"at ion pal Visibility (heated _l Ice bu ildup on a SOOrt sect ion of trans- tra1Sl11ission line mission line, 6 feet long IIOOlI:ed 5 feet itoVe gwrd Cootit1JClls Daily 3 2.Sl:>rt sectim of trcnsmission line Ice buildup during fbrizonta1 steel plate, a precipitation event Sncw creep Sncw ll'ilJi<ers <nI survey e<pirrrerrt; ()'ly during or 1medi-Sporadic ate1y after freezing rain Freezing rain Sncw creep 2 (Jl Ice cover ~(Gro..nd survey) " Ice thickness 2-5 aLJ9'r illles for rreasurarent 2-4 _s during winter IIDI1ths Sumer:rKJI'lE! Winter:1 nnnth M:>1th ly during winter rronths SumEr:none Winter:1 nnnth 3 3 &-12 2 5 Steel plates Ice penetrrneter 3 Ice cover (Aeri a1 survey) Glacial Ice carpetence Extent of ice cover Locat ion of ice jans Ice surging! recession &glacial surfa:e features Visual inspection <nI/or penetrmeter device Visual <nI rtotosraphic LlJring lreiK-up records period -one to several days LlJring freezo>-up period -_ly Survey,visual & rtotosraphic records T""nnnths Carera Equipn31t Survey Illlrkers Footnotes: (1)UJCated at the permanent Watana field C"'P. (2lLocations to be fimed up after initial field trips <nI revi8'l of field data collected Qy Geophysical IflStitute,Ll1iversityof Alaska. Anticipate 6-8 stations on the Susitna River anc 2-4 on ilJlXlrtant tributaries.. (3)As for Note 2.Anticipate to cover entire reach fran Ma::laren -Susitna River junction to conflU€!1ce of Chulitna River. (4)1t is GSsured that the existing cable at Vee can be 'Waded for use. (5lrt is PJrPOSed to undertiKe only sporadic visits to the station at VEE (i.e.at gage 2915). -Anadditionalfiveautomaticclimaticstationswillbeheldinreserveduringthefirstyear.Itis-intendedtoutilizetwooftheseasspares.ThethreeothersWillbeinstalledduring1981alongtheselectedtransmissionlinetoimproveestimationofthespatialvariationindesignparameters.-DiscussionshavebeenheldwiththestaffresponsibleforthesnowcoursesurveysattheSoilConservationServiceinAnchorage.AsaresultthelocationsoftheadditionalfoursnowcoursestationsdepictedinPlateT3.1wereselected.Thesediscussionsalsoindicatedthatsnowpillowshavebeenoperatedverysuccessfullyandshouldfunctionwellattheproposedlocations.Onlyaminimumamountofmeasurementusingconventionalsnowsurveyequlpmentwillbenecessary.-TheproposedsedimentstationattheVeesite(seePlateT3.1)willnotbeoperatedonacontinuousbasis.AlimitednumberofobservationswillbetakenandusedtoassesswhetherthesedimentdischargesatVeeandGoldCreekarecorrelated.Iftheseanalysesindicatenocorrelation,thenthesedimentobservationsatVeewillbeincreasedduringPhase2.-Wedonotproposetouse.bedloadsamplersduringthisphaseofthework.AlthoughtheHeli-SmithtypesamplerhasbeensuccessfullyusedbytheUSGSontheTananaRiver,itisdoubtfulwhetheritwouldoperateinthecoarsesedimentsoftheSusitna.However,thisaspectwillbereviewedoncemoredetailedinformationonthebedmaterialisavailable.Ifdeemedpracticalanduseful,abedloadsamplercouldbeemployedduringPhase2tofirmupestimatesofbedload.(d)ScheduleFieldDataSpecificationsandReview-Weeks14through22Weeks70through74EquipmentInstallation-Weeks23through35Weeks75through82FieldDataCollection-Weeks31through130FieldDataProcessing-Weeks36through130S-58-Anadditionalfiveautomaticclimaticstationswillbeheldinreserveduringthefirstyear.Itis-intendedtoutilizetwooftheseasspares.ThethreeothersWillbeinstalledduring1981alongtheselectedtransmissionlinetoimproveestimationofthespatialvariationindesignparameters.-DiscussionshavebeenheldwiththestaffresponsibleforthesnowcoursesurveysattheSoilConservationServiceinAnchorage.AsaresultthelocationsoftheadditionalfoursnowcoursestationsdepictedinPlateT3.1wereselected.Thesediscussionsalsoindicatedthatsnowpillowshavebeenoperatedverysuccessfullyandshouldfunctionwellattheproposedlocations.Onlyaminimumamountofmeasurementusingconventionalsnowsurveyequlpmentwillbenecessary.-TheproposedsedimentstationattheVeesite(seePlateT3.1)willnotbeoperatedonacontinuousbasis.AlimitednumberofobservationswillbetakenandusedtoassesswhetherthesedimentdischargesatVeeandGoldCreekarecorrelated.Iftheseanalysesindicatenocorrelation,thenthesedimentobservationsatVeewillbeincreasedduringPhase2.-Wedonotproposetouse.bedloadsamplersduringthisphaseofthework.AlthoughtheHeli-SmithtypesamplerhasbeensuccessfullyusedbytheUSGSontheTananaRiver,itisdoubtfulwhetheritwouldoperateinthecoarsesedimentsoftheSusitna.However,thisaspectwillbereviewedoncemoredetailedinformationonthebedmaterialisavailable.Ifdeemedpracticalanduseful,abedloadsamplercouldbeemployedduringPhase2tofirmupestimatesofbedload.(d)ScheduleFieldDataSpecificationsandReview-Weeks14through22Weeks70through74EquipmentInstallation-Weeks23through35Weeks75through82FieldDataCollection-Weeks31through130FieldDataProcessing-Weeks36through130S-58 Subtask3.04-WaterResourcesStudies(a)ObjectivesTodevelopallthenecessarywaterresourceparameterssuchasmonthlyflowdata,designlow-flowcharacteristics,etc.,atthereservoirsitesandtostudylong-termreservoiroperation.(b)Approach.(i)StreamflowExtensionMultipleregressionanalyseswillbeusedtodevelopmonthlystreamflowsequencesattheWatana,DevilCanyonandothersitesbeingconsideredwithintheSusitnabasin.TheaimistoimproveonthecorrelationspreviouslyachievedintheU.S.CorpsofEngineersstudies.ThegaugingstationatGoldCreek(2920)willbeusedasthemasterstation.However,attemptswillbemadetoseewhethermeaningfulcorrelationscanbeachievedbyusinglonger-termstationsoutsidethestudyarea(e.g.,MatanuskaRiveratPalmer,2840).Bothmonthlyandannualflowswillbecorrelatedandclimaticparameterssuchasmonthly/annualtemperatureandpreciptationwillbeintroducedtodeterminewhethertheyimprovethecorrelations.Extrapolationofmeanannualflowandtheseasonalvariationofflowtoungaugedlocationswillbedoneusingfactorsdevelopedfromdrainagebasinareaandotherphysiograpicandclimaticparameters(e.g.,areacoveredbyglaciers,lakesandswamps,meanannualprecipitation,andmeanannualtemperature).Acreswillundertaketheseanalyses.(ii)Low-FlowFrequency:DurationAnalysisUtilizingtheaboveinformation,analyseswillbecarriedouttoproducecurvesrelatingvolumeofrunoffinlow-flowperiodsofdifferentdurationsranginguptoseveralyearstothefrequencyof occurrence.Thesecurveswillbeusedtodeterminefirmpowerandenergyfromtheproposeddevelopmentsduringspecifiedcriticallowflowperiods.Acreswillundertaketheseanalyses.(iii)ReservoirFillingandOperationStudiesItisproposedtosetuptheAcres'multireservoirwaterbalancecomputermodelfortheSusitnabasin.Thisisaparticularlyversatilemodel,andallowseasyapplicationtodifferentreservoirsystems.Reservoiroperationrulesarespecifiedasinputdata,thusallowingconsiderableflexibilityinstudyingalternativerulesandpriorities.Themodelcanoperatewithtimeperiodsvaryingfromaweektoseveralmonths,andcanincorporatepowergenerationandloadstacking.5-59Subtask3.04-WaterResourcesStudies(a)ObjectivesTodevelopallthenecessarywaterresourceparameterssuchasmonthlyflowdata,designlow-flowcharacteristics,etc.,atthereservoirsitesandtostudylong-termreservoiroperation.(b)Approach.(i)StreamflowExtensionMultipleregressionanalyseswillbeusedtodevelopmonthlystreamflowsequencesattheWatana,DevilCanyonandothersitesbeingconsideredwithintheSusitnabasin.TheaimistoimproveonthecorrelationspreviouslyachievedintheU.S.CorpsofEngineersstudies.ThegaugingstationatGoldCreek(2920)willbeusedasthemasterstation.However,attemptswillbemadetoseewhethermeaningfulcorrelationscanbeachievedbyusinglonger-termstationsoutsidethestudyarea(e.g.,MatanuskaRiveratPalmer,2840).Bothmonthlyandannualflowswillbecorrelatedandclimaticparameterssuchasmonthly/annualtemperatureandpreciptationwillbeintroducedtodeterminewhethertheyimprovethecorrelations.Extrapolationofmeanannualflowandtheseasonalvariationofflowtoungaugedlocationswillbedoneusingfactorsdevelopedfromdrainagebasinareaandotherphysiograpicandclimaticparameters(e.g.,areacoveredbyglaciers,lakesandswamps,meanannualprecipitation,andmeanannualtemperature).Acreswillundertaketheseanalyses.(ii)Low-FlowFreguency:DurationAnalysisUtilizingtheaboveinformation,analyseswillbecarriedouttoproducecurvesrelatingvolumeofrunoffinlow-flowperiodsofdifferentdurationsranginguptoseveralyearstothefrequencyof occurrence.Thesecurveswillbeusedtodeterminefirmpowerandenergyfromtheproposeddevelopmentsduringspecifiedcriticallowflowperiods.Acreswillundertaketheseanalyses.(iii)ReservoirFillingandOperationStudiesItisproposedtosetuptheAcres'multireservoirwaterbalancecomputermodelfortheSusitnabasin.Thisisaparticularlyversatilemodel,andallowseasyapplicationtodifferentreservoirsystems.Reservoiroperationrulesarespecifiedasinputdata,thusallowingconsiderableflexibilityinstudyingalternativerulesandpriorities.Themodelcanoperatewithtimeperiodsvaryingfromaweektoseveralmonths,andcanincorporatepowergenerationandloadstacking.5-59 Thismodelwillbeusedtoundertakereservoiroperationandenergygenerationstudies,andtheanalysesrequiredtodeterminefillingschedules.Thebasicinputdatatothemodelwillbederivedfromthestudiesdiscussedin(i)and(ii)above.Acreswillundertakethework.(iv)StatisticalAnalysisofPre-andPost-ProjectStreamflowFlowdurationcurvesarerequiredfortheFERClicenseapplicationandthedeterminationofannualsedimentyieldsatvariouslocationswithinthebasin.Seasonalandannualdurationcurveswillbeevaluatedusingthenaturalmonthlystreamflowdataderivedin(i)aboveandforthepost-projectflowssimulatedusingoutputfromthemulti-reservoirmodeldiscussedin(iii)above.Recordednaturaldailystreamflowdataatalimitednumberofgaugingstationswithinthebasinwillbeutilizedtodescribetypicalflowvariationswithinthecalendarmonths.Oncetheprojectlayoutshavebeenfinalized,theflowdurationcurvesdescribedabovewillberedevelopedforpost-projectflowconditionsdownstreamfromthedamsites.Basedonaknowledgeofthedailyplantoperatingcharacteristics,theeffectsofdischargefluctuationswithintypicalmonthswillbedescribed.Acreswillundertakethestudies.(v)EvaporationStudiesDeskstudieswillbeundertakentorefinetheestimateofnetevaporativelossfromthereservoirsurfacearea.BasedonavailableclimaticandevaporationdatawithintheSusitnabasinandthevicinityregionalestimatesofgrossevaporationfromanopenwatersurfacewillbemadeandextrapolatedtothedamsites.Availablestreamflowandprecipitationdatawillbeused(againonaregionalbasis)toestimatethepre-projectevapotranspirationratefromthereservoirareaandsubtracted.fromtheopenwaterevaporationtoyieldtheneteffectofthereservoir.R&Mwillundertakethesestudies.(vi)GlacialStudiesTheresultsoffieldsurveysfordetectingglacialmovementandtheaerialinspectionsandinformationobtainedfromaerialphotographswillbeevaluatedtodeterminewhethertheglacierwasnoticablymovingandiftherewaspotentialforalakedump.TheUSGSstudiesontheBlackRapidsGlacierwillbereviewedandgeneralinformationabstractedandusedtoassistinthisevaluation.5-60Thismodelwillbeusedtoundertakereservoiroperationandenergygenerationstudies,andtheanalysesrequiredtodeterminefillingschedules.Thebasicinputdatatothemodelwillbederivedfromthestudiesdiscussedin(i)and(ii)above.Acreswillundertakethework.(iv)StatisticalAnalysisofPre-andPost-ProjectStreamflowFlowdurationcurvesarerequiredfortheFERClicenseapplicationandthedeterminationofannualsedimentyieldsatvariouslocationswithinthebasin.Seasonalandannualdurationcurveswillbeevaluatedusingthenaturalmonthlystreamflowdataderivedin(i)aboveandforthepost-projectflowssimulatedusingoutputfromthemulti-reservoirmodeldiscussedin(iii)above.Recordednaturaldailystreamflowdataatalimitednumberofgaugingstationswithinthebasinwillbeutilizedtodescribetypicalflowvariationswithinthecalendarmonths.Oncetheprojectlayoutshavebeenfinalized,theflowdurationcurvesdescribedabovewillberedevelopedforpost-projectflowconditionsdownstreamfromthedamsites.Basedonaknowledgeofthedailyplantoperatingcharacteristics,theeffectsofdischargefluctuationswithintypicalmonthswillbedescribed.Acreswillundertakethestudies.(v)EvaporationStudiesDeskstudieswillbeundertakentorefinetheestimateofnetevaporativelossfromthereservoirsurfacearea.BasedonavailableclimaticandevaporationdatawithintheSusitnabasinandthevicinityregionalestimatesofgrossevaporationfromanopenwatersurfacewillbemadeandextrapolatedtothedamsites.Availablestreamflowandprecipitationdatawillbeused(againonaregionalbasis)toestimatethepre-projectevapotranspirationratefromthereservoirareaandsubtracted.fromtheopenwaterevaporationtoyieldtheneteffectofthereservoir.R&Mwillundertakethesestudies.(vi)GlacialStudiesTheresultsoffieldsurveysfordetectingglacialmovementandtheaerialinspectionsandinformationobtainedfromaerialphotographswillbeevaluatedtodeterminewhethertheglacierwasnoticablymovingandiftherewaspotentialforalakedump.TheUSGSstudiesontheBlackRapidsGlacierwillbereviewedandgeneralinformationabstractedandusedtoassistinthisevaluation.5-60 Shouldthesestudiesindicatethatchangesintheglacierswaterandsedimentyieldcouldoccur,orthatalakedumpcoulddevelop,amorecomprehensivelong-termglacialobservationandstudyprogramwouldbeplannedforimplementationduringPhase2.R&MandAcreswouldjointlyundertakethisstudy.(c)DiscussionThestreamflowextension(Section(i))analyseswillbebasedonavailablestreamflowdatauptotheendofthe1978-1979year,i.e.,October1979.Thedataobtainedduringthefirst12monthsofthefieldprogramwillbeutilizedtocheckonthevalidityoftheextrapolationfactorsusedtoderivestreamflowdataforungaugedsites.Ifdeemednecessary,thesefactorswillberevisedandtheappropriateadjustmentsmadetothestreamflowdata.(d)ScheduleWeeks21through1205-61Shouldthesestudiesindicatethatchangesintheglacierswaterandsedimentyieldcouldoccur,orthatalakedumpcoulddevelop,amorecomprehensivelong-termglacialobservationandstudyprogramwouldbeplannedforimplementationduringPhase2.R&MandAcreswouldjointlyundertakethisstudy.(c)DiscussionThestreamflowextension(Section(i))analyseswillbebasedonavailablestreamflowdatauptotheendofthe1978-1979year,i.e.,October1979.Thedataobtainedduringthefirst12monthsofthefieldprogramwillbeutilizedtocheckonthevalidityoftheextrapolationfactorsusedtoderivestreamflowdataforungaugedsites.Ifdeemednecessary,thesefactorswillberevisedandtheappropriateadjustmentsmadetothestreamflowdata.(d)ScheduleWeeks21through1205-61 Subtask3.05-FloodStudies(a)ObjectivesToprovidedesignfloodpeaksandhydrographsfordesignoftheprojectandforassessingpre-andpost-projectfloodconditionsintheSusitnaRiverreacheslocateddownandupstreamoftheWatanaandDevilCanyondamsites.(b)Approach(i)RegionalFloodPeakandVolumeFrequencyAnalysisAlocalizedregionalfloodpeakandfloodvolumeanalysiswillbeundertakenfortheMatanuska,Susitna(includingtheYentna)andChakachatnaRiverbasin;i.e.,theentireCookInletbasin.Allgaugingstationswithperiodsofrecordslongerthan7to8yearsandwithdrainagebasinareaslargerthanapproximately250squaremi1es~Ii11beincorporatedintheanalysis.Annualmaximumandseasonalmaximumfloodpeakswillbeabstractedfromtherecords.Itisproposedtousetwoseasons:theseasonduringwhichsignificanticecoverispresentandtheice-freeseason.ThefloodpeakdatawillbesubjectedtofrequencyanalysisusingtheLogPearsonTypeIIIdistribution(oralternativelythethree-parameterLognormaldistributionwhichhasbeenfoundtoworkwellinnorthernclimates).Theseindividualfrequencycurveswillbeutilizedtodevelopregionalfrequencycurvesaswellasregressionequationsforpredictingdesignfloodpeaksatungaugedloca-tionswithinspecifiedhomogeneousfloodregions.Thedefini-tionofhomogeneousfloodregionswillbebasedbothonstatis-ticaltests(e.g.,Langbein)aswellasvisualplotsofsinglestationfl"equencycurves.Indevelopingregressionequations,usewillbemadeofphysio-graphicparameterssuchasdrainagebasinarea,areacoveredbyglaciersandlakesorswamps,meanlatewintersnowcover,meanspringtemperatures,etc.Theresultsobtainedwillbecom-paredtothosepresentedinthebroad-basedregionalstudyrecentlycompletedbyLanke(USGS,WaterResourcesInvestiga-tions78-129).Aflood-volumefrequencyanalysiswillbeundertakenforthestreamflowrecordsontheSusitnaatGoldCreek(2920)andatCantwell(2915).Ascreeningprocess\;illbeundertakentodeterminewhichofthefloodtypesarethemostcritical:-springfloods-highmountainsnowmelt-rainfallevents(June/July)-summerrainfallevents.5-62Subtask3.05-FloodStudies(a)ObjectivesToprovidedesignfloodpeaksandhydrographsfordesignoftheprojectandforassessingpre-andpost-projectfloodconditionsintheSusitnaRiverreacheslocateddownandupstreamoftheWatanaandDevilCanyondamsites.(b)Approach(i)RegionalFloodPeakandVolumeFrequencyAnalysisAlocalizedregionalfloodpeakandfloodvolumeanalysiswillbeundertakenfortheMatanuska,Susitna(includingtheYentna)andChakachatnaRiverbasin;i.e.,theentireCookInletbasin.Allgaugingstationswithperiodsofrecordslongerthan7to8yearsandwithdrainagebasinareaslargerthanapproximately250squaremi1es~Ii11beincorporatedintheanalysis.Annualmaximumandseasonalmaximumfloodpeakswillbeabstractedfromtherecords.Itisproposedtousetwoseasons:theseasonduringwhichsignificanticecoverispresentandtheice-freeseason.ThefloodpeakdatawillbesubjectedtofrequencyanalysisusingtheLogPearsonTypeIIIdistribution(oralternativelythethree-parameterLognormaldistributionwhichhasbeenfoundtoworkwellinnorthernclimates).Theseindividualfrequencycurveswillbeutilizedtodevelopregionalfrequencycurvesaswellasregressionequationsforpredictingdesignfloodpeaksatungaugedloca-tionswithinspecifiedhomogeneousfloodregions.Thedefini-tionofhomogeneousfloodregionswillbebasedbothonstatis-ticaltests(e.g.,Langbein)aswellasvisualplotsofsinglestationfl"equencycurves.Indevelopingregressionequations,usewillbemadeofphysio-graphicparameterssuchasdrainagebasinarea,areacoveredbyglaciersandlakesorswamps,meanlatewintersnowcover,meanspringtemperatures,etc.Theresultsobtainedwillbecom-paredtothosepresentedinthebroad-basedregionalstudyrecentlycompletedbyLanke(USGS,WaterResourcesInvestiga-tions78-129).Aflood-volumefrequencyanalysiswillbeundertakenforthestreamflowrecordsontheSusitnaatGoldCreek(2920)andatCantwell(2915).Ascreeningprocess\;illbeundertakentodeterminewhichofthefloodtypesarethemostcritical:-springfloods-highmountainsnowmelt-rainfallevents(June/July)-summerrainfallevents.5-62 Theannualmaximumfloodvolumesassociatedwiththecriticaltypewillbeabstractedfromthestreamflowdatafilesandsubjectedtoafrequencyanalysis.Analyseswillalsobeconductedtodeterminewhetherarelationshipexistsbetweentheratioofthefloodpeaktothefloodvolumeandtodeveloptypicalfloodhydrographshapes.TheresultsofthesecalculationswillbeusedtodevelopdesignfloodhydrographsfortheproposedreservoirsitesontheSusitna.Extrapolationtotheungaugedsiteswillbeaccomplishedbyusingdrainagearearatiosorfactorsinvolvingotherphysiographicandclimaticparameters.R&MwouldundertakethisworkandAcreswouldactinareviewcapacity.(ii)ProbableMaximumFloodDeterminationTheapproachadoptedbytheCorpsofEngineersintheirfeasibilitystudiesindevelopingtheProbableMaximumFlood(PMF)isappropriateforthisstageofthestudy.TheSSARRwatershedmodelusedwasreasonablywellcalibratedconsideringthepaucityofavailabledata.Recalibrationwouldnotbewarranteduntiltheproposednewclimaticstations(Subtask3.03)havebeeninstalledandoperatedforatleasttwoyears.ItisthereforeproposedtoundertakeadetailedreviewandrevisionoftheinputparameterstotheCorpsofEngineersmodel.SeveralrunswillthenbeundertakenwiththemodeltotestforsensitivityofoutputtochangesininputdataandtorevisetheestimateofthePMFifnecessary.Thekeyinputparametersthatwouldbereviewedinclude:-probablemaximumprecipitation-initialsnowcover-temperaturesequence-lossratesorlossfunctions.ItisassumedthattheconsultantswouldhaveaccesstotheCorpsofEngineersmodelinrerunningtheSSARRmodel.Acreswillundertakethiswork.(iii)ReservoirFloodRoutingIn-housecomputerprogramswillbeusedtoroutedesignfloodsthroughtheproposedreservoirsystem.Thesestudieswillbeusedtosizetherequiredserviceandemergencyspillwaysandtoproducethedownstreampost-projectfloodhydrographsrequiredforthedownstreamwaterlevelandicestudies(Subtask3.06).Acreswillundertakethiswork.(c)DiscussionDuring~hase2,moreextensiveanalyseswillbeundertakentofirmupthedeslgnfloodestimations(seeSectionA6.3).Thiswillinclude5-63Theannualmaximumfloodvolumesassociatedwiththecriticaltypewillbeabstractedfromthestreamflowdatafilesandsubjectedtoafrequencyanalysis.Analyseswillalsobeconductedtodeterminewhetherarelationshipexistsbetweentheratioofthefloodpeaktothefloodvolumeandtodeveloptypicalfloodhydrographshapes.TheresultsofthesecalculationswillbeusedtodevelopdesignfloodhydrographsfortheproposedreservoirsitesontheSusitna.Extrapolationtotheungaugedsiteswillbeaccomplishedbyusingdrainagearearatiosorfactorsinvolvingotherphysiographicandclimaticparameters.R&MwouldundertakethisworkandAcreswouldactinareviewcapacity.(ii)ProbableMaximumFloodDeterminationTheapproachadoptedbytheCorpsofEngineersintheirfeasibilitystudiesindevelopingtheProbableMaximumFlood(PMF)isappropriateforthisstageofthestudy.TheSSARRwatershedmodelusedwasreasonablywellcalibratedconsideringthepaucityofavailabledata.Recalibrationwouldnotbewarranteduntiltheproposednewclimaticstations(Subtask3.03)havebeeninstalledandoperatedforatleasttwoyears.ItisthereforeproposedtoundertakeadetailedreviewandrevisionoftheinputparameterstotheCorpsofEngineersmodel.SeveralrunswillthenbeundertakenwiththemodeltotestforsensitivityofoutputtochangesininputdataandtorevisetheestimateofthePMFifnecessary.Thekeyinputparametersthatwouldbereviewedinclude:-probablemaximumprecipitation-initialsnowcover-temperaturesequence-lossratesorlossfunctions.ItisassumedthattheconsultantswouldhaveaccesstotheCorpsofEngineersmodelinrerunningtheSSARRmodel.Acreswillundertakethiswork.(iii)ReservoirFloodRoutingIn-housecomputerprogramswillbeusedtoroutedesignfloodsthroughtheproposedreservoirsystem.Thesestudieswillbeusedtosizetherequiredserviceandemergencyspillwaysandtoproducethedownstreampost-projectfloodhydrographsrequiredforthedownstreamwaterlevelandicestudies(Subtask3.06).Acreswillundertakethiswork.(c)DiscussionDuring~hase2,moreextensiveanalyseswillbeundertakentofirmupthedeslgnfloodestimations(seeSectionA6.3).Thiswillinclude5-63 recalibrationoftheSSARRmodelor,ifdeemedmoreappropriate,theapplicationofanalternativecomputermodelsuchasthemoresophisticatedHydrologicSimulationPackage(HSP)developedbyHydrocomportheNationalWeatherServicemodel.(d)ScheduleWeeks21through1205-64recalibrationoftheSSARRmodelor,ifdeemedmoreappropriate,theapplicationofanalternativecomputermodelsuchasthemoresophisticatedHydrologicSimulationPackage(HSP)developedbyHydrocomportheNationalWeatherServicemodel.(d)ScheduleWeeks21through1205-64 Subtask3.06-HydraulicandIceStudies(a)ObjectiveThedeterm"jnationofwater1eve1sandicecoverconditionsupstreamanddownstreamfromtheprojectsitesunderfloodandlow-floviconditionscorrespondingtopre-andpost-projectconditions.(b)ApproachComputermodelsimulationswillbecarriedouttocomputethepre-projecttopredictedpost-projectconditionsandtoprovideinputtothecivillayoutandsystemoperationstudies.Thiswillensurethatpotentialproblemssuchasthemaintenanceofastableicecover,icejammingandflooding,etc.canbedealtwithduringtheprojectplanninganddesignprocess.Theresultsofthestudieswillalsobeutilizedintheenvironmentalstudies(Task7)toassesspotentialenvironmentalimpacts.(i)RiverChannelWaterLevelsandFlowsWeproposetoutilizethefollowingthreebasiccomputerprogramstostudythewaterlevelandiceregimeintheSusitnaRivel"fromjustupstreamoftheWatanasitetoTalkeetna.-HEC-2-(Acresmodifiedversion,incorporatinganicecover)-IceCoverProcessModel-Thisisacomputerprogramwhichhasbeendevelopedin-housebyAcresspecificallyforhydropowergenerationstudiesinnorthernclimates.Itsimulatesthegrowthanddecayofastableicecoveronachannelcontainingflowingwater.-One-DimensionalDynamicFlowModel-Acreshasseveralin-houseversionsofthisprogramwhichiscapableofsimulatingthedynamicresponseofachanneltoatimevaryingflowinput.Alloftheabovemodelsareone-dimensionalflowmodels.TableA5.2indicateswhichoftheSusitnaRiverreachesthesemodelswillbeappliedtoandthepurposeofthesimulationstobecarriedout.TheicecoverobservationsandtheicecoverthicknessandstrengthmeasurementsundertakenbytheGeophysicalInstituteandmadeduringthecourseofthisstudywillbeutilizedfor:-ca1ibratingtheicecoverprocessmodel-determiningtypicalicecoverconditionstobesimulatedwiththebackl/aterpY'ogram(HEC-2)-assessingwherepotentialicejamscouldoccur.5-65Subtask3.06-HydraulicandIceStudies(a)ObjectiveThedeterm"jnationofwater1eve1sandicecoverconditionsupstreamanddownstreamfromtheprojectsitesunderfloodandlow-floviconditionscorrespondingtopre-andpost-projectconditions.(b)ApproachComputermodelsimulationswillbecarriedouttocomputethepre-projecttopredictedpost-projectconditionsandtoprovideinputtothecivillayoutandsystemoperationstudies.Thiswillensurethatpotentialproblemssuchasthemaintenanceofastableicecover,icejammingandflooding,etc.canbedealtwithduringtheprojectplanninganddesignprocess.Theresultsofthestudieswillalsobeutilizedintheenvironmentalstudies(Task7)toassesspotentialenvironmentalimpacts.(i)RiverChannelWaterLevelsandFlowsWeproposetoutilizethefollowingthreebasiccomputerprogramstostudythewaterlevelandiceregimeintheSusitnaRivel"fromjustupstreamoftheWatanasitetoTalkeetna.-HEC-2-(Acresmodifiedversion,incorporatinganicecover)-IceCoverProcessModel-Thisisacomputerprogramwhichhasbeendevelopedin-housebyAcresspecificallyforhydropowergenerationstudiesinnorthernclimates.Itsimulatesthegrowthanddecayofastableicecoveronachannelcontainingflowingwater.-One-DimensionalDynamicFlowModel-Acreshasseveralin-houseversionsofthisprogramwhichiscapableofsimulatingthedynamicresponseofachanneltoatimevaryingflowinput.Alloftheabovemodelsareone-dimensionalflowmodels.TableA5.2indicateswhichoftheSusitnaRiverreachesthesemodelswillbeappliedtoandthepurposeofthesimulationstobecarriedout.TheicecoverobservationsandtheicecoverthicknessandstrengthmeasurementsundertakenbytheGeophysicalInstituteandmadeduringthecourseofthisstudywillbeutilizedfor:-ca1ibratingtheicecoverprocessmodel-determiningtypicalicecoverconditionstobesimulatedwiththebackl/aterpY'ogram(HEC-2)-assessingwherepotentialicejamscouldoccur.5-65 ThestudiesoutlinedinTableA5.3dealwiththeSusitnaRiveronlyasfardownstreamasTalkeetna.ItisproposedtousealessrigorousapproachtoassesstheeffectsoftheproposedprojectonflowintheriverchanneldownstreamfromTalkeetna(seeSubtask3.10).Shouldtheseanalysesindicatethatmoredetailedstudiesarerequired,theywillbedoneduringPhase2.AssoonasthetopographicsurveyinformationoftheSusitnareachesconcernedbecomesavailab1eandsufficientwater1eve1observationsareobtained(Subtask3.03),theflowmodelswillbesetupandcalibrated.Thesimulationexercisewillthenfollowandcontinueonthroughtheprojectdesignstudies(Task6).AcresandR&Mwilljointlyundertaketheforegoingstudies.R&MwillconcentrateontheriverreachdownstreamfromtheDevilCanyondamsiteasthisaspectcouldbeusefullycombinedwithflood-plainmappingworktheymaybeundertakinginthearea.AcreswilldirecttheworkundertakenbyR&M.(ii)ReservoirFreeboardTherequiredreservoirfreeboardforwindconditionswillbeevaluated.Thewinddatacollectedinthebasinduringthefirst18monthswillbeutilizedtoextrapolatedesignwindconditionstothereservoirsites.Acreswillundertakethiswork.(iii)SlideInducedReservoirSurgeItisproposedtoundertakealiteraturereviewofpreviousworkdoneinthisarea.OfparticularinterestwillbethemathematicalandphysicalmodelingworkdonebyB.C.HydroontheDownieslideandRevelstokedamandtheirworkontheMicaslide.Informationobtainedfromthisreviewplustheresultsofthereservoirseismicstudies(Task4)willbeusedtoassessthenatureandmagnitudeofthepotentialproblemsandtoestablishsomepreliminarydesigncriteria.Shouldfurtherdetailedstudybenecessary,asuitablemethodologyandscopeofworkwouldbedevelopedforapplicationinPhase2.Acreswillundertakethiswork.(iv)ReservoirTemperatureRegimeAnin-housecomputermodelwillbeutilizedtosimulatetheverticaltemperaturestratificationwithintheproposedreser-voirsforatypicalyear.Thismodelwillbecalibratedaccordingtoourexperiencewithsuchmodels,otherstudieson~;imilarprojects,andutilizingtheresultsofsimilarworkbeingconductedattheUniversityofAlaska.5-66ThestudiesoutlinedinTableA5.3dealwiththeSusitnaRiveronlyasfardownstreamasTalkeetna.ItisproposedtousealessrigorousapproachtoassesstheeffectsoftheproposedprojectonflowintheriverchanneldownstreamfromTalkeetna(seeSubtask3.10).Shouldtheseanalysesindicatethatmoredetailedstudiesarerequired,theywillbedoneduringPhase2.AssoonasthetopographicsurveyinformationoftheSusitnareachesconcernedbecomesavailab1eandsufficientwater1eve1observationsareobtained(Subtask3.03),theflowmodelswillbesetupandcalibrated.Thesimulationexercisewillthenfollowandcontinueonthroughtheprojectdesignstudies(Task6).AcresandR&Mwilljointlyundertaketheforegoingstudies.R&MwillconcentrateontheriverreachdownstreamfromtheDevilCanyondamsiteasthisaspectcouldbeusefullycombinedwithflood-plainmappingworktheymaybeundertakinginthearea.AcreswilldirecttheworkundertakenbyR&M.(ii)ReservoirFreeboardTherequiredreservoirfreeboardforwindconditionswillbeevaluated.Thewinddatacollectedinthebasinduringthefirst18monthswillbeutilizedtoextrapolatedesignwindconditionstothereservoirsites.Acreswillundertakethiswork.(iii)SlideInducedReservoirSurgeItisproposedtoundertakealiteraturereviewofpreviousworkdoneinthisarea.OfparticularinterestwillbethemathematicalandphysicalmodelingworkdonebyB.C.HydroontheDownieslideandRevelstokedamandtheirworkontheMicaslide.Informationobtainedfromthisreviewplustheresultsofthereservoirseismicstudies(Task4)willbeusedtoassessthenatureandmagnitudeofthepotentialproblemsandtoestablishsomepreliminarydesigncriteria.Shouldfurtherdetailedstudybenecessary,asuitablemethodologyandscopeofworkwouldbedevelopedforapplicationinPhase2.Acreswillundertakethiswork.(iv)ReservoirTemperatureRegimeAnin-housecomputermodelwillbeutilizedtosimulatetheverticaltemperaturestratificationwithintheproposedreser-voirsforatypicalyear.Thismodelwillbecalibratedaccordingtoourexperiencewithsuchmodels,otherstudieson~;imilarprojects,andutilizingtheresultsofsimilarworkbeingconductedattheUniversityofAlaska.5-66 TABLEA5.3PROPOSEDAPPLICATIONOFONE-DIMENSIONALFLOWMODELSTOTHESUSITNARIVERStudyNo.12345NOTES:RiverReachUpstreamofWatanaWatanaDamsitetoTalkeetnaWatanaDamSitetoDevi1Can-yonsiteDevi1sCanyonsitetoTalkeetnaWatanaandDevilCanyonsiteduringthediversionstageofcon-structionModelHEC-2,IceCoverProcessModelHEC-2,IceCoverProcessMode1HEC-2,IceCoverProcessModelHEC-2,IceCoverProcessModel,DynamicFlowModelHEC-2,IceCoverModelProcessPurposeofSimulationsTostudytheestablishmentofthestableicecoverontheWatanaReservoirTostudytheicecoverandwaterlevelregimedown-streamofWatanapriortoconstructionofDevilCanyonDamandtocalculatetailwaterratingcurvesTostudytheicecoverregimeattheDevi1CanyonReservoirTostudytheicecoverandwaterlevelregimeinthereachbelowDevilCanyonandtocalculatetailwaterratingcurvesTodesignanadequatediversionsystemTheword"regime"impliesthefollowing:-icecover-natureandtimingofgrowth-stability-decayandjamming-waterlevel-lowflowconditions-floodflowconditions5-67TABLEA5.3PROPOSEDAPPLICATIONOFONE-DIMENSIONALFLOWMODELSTOTHESUSITNARIVERStudyNo.12345NOTES:RiverReachUpstreamofWatanaWatanaDamsitetoTalkeetnaWatanaDamSitetoDevi1Can-yonsiteDevi1sCanyonsitetoTalkeetnaWatanaandDevilCanyonsiteduringthediversionstageofcon-structionModelHEC-2,IceCoverProcessModelHEC-2,IceCoverProcessMode1HEC-2,IceCoverProcessModelHEC-2,IceCoverProcessModel,DynamicFlowModelHEC-2,IceCoverModelProcessPurposeofSimulationsTostudytheestablishmentofthestableicecoverontheWatanaReservoirTostudytheicecoverandwaterlevelregimedown-streamofWatanapriortoconstructionofDevilCanyonDamandtocalculatetailwaterratingcurvesTostudytheicecoverregimeattheDevi1CanyonReservoirTostudytheicecoverandwaterlevelregimeinthereachbelowDevilCanyonandtocalculatetailwaterratingcurvesTodesignanadequatediversionsystemTheword"regime"impliesthefollowing:-icecover-natureandtimingofgrowth-stability-decayandjamming-waterlevel-lowflowconditions-floodflowconditions5-67 Outputfromthismodelwillbeutilizedtoassistintheselectionofthelevelsoftheofftakesforthedischargestructuresandtopredictchangesinthedownstreamwatertemperatures.Acreswillundertakethework.(c)DiscussionTheforegoingapproach,·particularlytheapplicationofthebackwaterprogramincorporatinganicecoverandtheice-coverprocessmodel,hasbeendevelopedbasedonourextensiveexperiencewithdesignofhydroelectricfacilitiesinnorthernclimates,particularlyontheNelsonRiverinManitoba.ThetypeofproblemsweanticipatewithiceintheSusitnaprojectandthemethodsthatcouldbeadoptedtodealwiththemarediscussedinSectionA2.2.(d)ScheduleWeeks40through1205-68Outputfromthismodelwillbeutilizedtoassistintheselectionofthelevelsoftheofftakesforthedischargestructuresandtopredictchangesinthedownstreamwatertemperatures.Acreswillundertakethework.(c)DiscussionTheforegoingapproach,·particularlytheapplicationofthebackwaterprogramincorporatinganicecoverandtheice-coverprocessmodel,hasbeendevelopedbasedonourextensiveexperiencewithdesignofhydroelectricfacilitiesinnorthernclimates,particularlyontheNelsonRiverinManitoba.ThetypeofproblemsweanticipatewithiceintheSusitnaprojectandthemethodsthatcouldbeadoptedtodealwiththemarediscussedinSectionA2.2.(d)ScheduleWeeks40through1205-68 . JISubtask3.07-SedimentYieldandRiverMorphologyStudies(a)ObjectiveDeterminationoftherateofsedimentaccumulationintheproposedreservoirsandpredictionoftheeffectsonthedownstreamriverchannelmorphology.(b)Approach(i)SedimentYieldandDepositionTheU.S.CorpsofEngineerstotalsedimentyieldstudiesdes-cribedinthe1975feasibilityreport~Iillbeupdatedbyincor-poratingallnewdataonsedimentdischargethathavesincebecomeavailable.Aliteraturereviewwillbeundertakentoconfirmthereservoirtrapefficiencyfiguresusedandtodevelopanappreciationofthespatialdistributionofthedepositedsedimentinthereservoir.State-of-the-artsettle-menttheorywillbeusedtodetermineaveragesedimentconcen-trationinthereservoiratvarioustimesoftheyear.Thislatterinformationwillberequiredtodeterminethequalityofthewaterreleasedfromthereservoir.(ii)RiverMorphologyAthoroughreviewofpreviousworkdoneintheSusitnaBasinandotherAlaskanriversandavailablefielddatafortheSusitnaRiverwillbeundertaken.AnairphotomosaicwillbepreparedforthereachbetweenDevilCanyonandTalkeetna.Historicalphotographswillbestudiedtoassesspastregimechangesbothinthemainriverchannelandthetributaries.Studieswillbeundertakentodetermineasuitableregime-typeequation.Withtheaidofthisformulaandinputfromthereservoirsimulationstudies(Subtasks3.04and3.05)expectedmorphologicchangeswi11beassessed.Themorepronouncedchangeswillbeillustratedontheairphotomosaic.(c)DiscussionThereservoirsedimentcalculationswillberevisedduringPhase2,onceseveralseasonsofadditionalfielddatahavebecomeavailable.Thestateoftheartinmodellingthedistributionofdepositedsedimentisnotyetsufficientlyadvancedtoproducereliableestimatesofthespatialdistributionofsedimentwithinareservoir,unlessextensivecalibrationstudiesareundertakenandalargeamountoffielddataisavailable.DuringPhase2ofthestudyanassessmentwillbemadeastotheadequacyoftheavailabledatatocalibratesuchamodel,andadecisionwillbemadewhetherornottoundertakesuchmodelling.5-69,.JISubtask3.07-SedimentYieldandRiverMorphologyStudies(a)ObjectiveDeterminationoftherateofsedimentaccumulationintheproposedreservoirsandpredictionoftheeffectsonthedownstreamriverchannelmorphology.(b)Approach(i)SedimentYieldandDepositionTheU.S.CorpsofEngineerstotalsedimentyieldstudiesdes-cribedinthe1975feasibilityreport~Iillbeupdatedbyincor-poratingallnewdataonsedimentdischargethathavesincebecomeavailable.Aliteraturereviewwillbeundertakentoconfirmthereservoirtrapefficiencyfiguresusedandtodevelopanappreciationofthespatialdistributionofthedepositedsedimentinthereservoir.State-of-the-artsettle-menttheorywillbeusedtodetermineaveragesedimentconcen-trationinthereservoiratvarioustimesoftheyear.Thislatterinformationwillberequiredtodeterminethequalityofthewaterreleasedfromthereservoir.(ii)RiverMorphologyAthoroughreviewofpreviousworkdoneintheSusitnaBasinandotherAlaskanriversandavailablefielddatafortheSusitnaRiverwillbeundertaken.AnairphotomosaicwillbepreparedforthereachbetweenDevilCanyonandTalkeetna.Historicalphotographswillbestudiedtoassesspastregimechangesbothinthemainriverchannelandthetributaries.Studieswillbeundertakentodetermineasuitableregime-typeequation.Withtheaidofthisformulaandinputfromthereservoirsimulationstudies(Subtasks3.04and3.05)expectedmorphologicchangeswi11beassessed.Themorepronouncedchangeswillbeillustratedontheairphotomosaic.(c)DiscussionThereservoirsedimentcalculationswillberevisedduringPhase2,onceseveralseasonsofadditionalfielddatahavebecomeavailable.Thestateoftheartinmodellingthedistributionofdepositedsedimentisnotyetsufficientlyadvancedtoproducereliableestimatesofthespatialdistributionofsedimentwithinareservoir,unlessextensivecalibrationstudiesareundertakenandalargeamountoffielddataisavailable.DuringPhase2ofthestudyanassessmentwillbemadeastotheadequacyoftheavailabledatatocalibratesuchamodel,andadecisionwillbemadewhetherornottoundertakesuchmodelling.5-69, R&MwillundertaketheworkdescribedinthissubtaskandAcreswillactinareviewfunction.(d)ScheduleWeeks40through1205-70R&MwillundertaketheworkdescribedinthissubtaskandAcreswillactinareviewfunction.(d)ScheduleWeeks40through1205-70 Subtask3.08-ClimaticStudiesforTransmissionLine(a)ObjectiveToprovideclimatologicdesigncriteriaforthedesignoftransmissionlines.Theseincludeice-coverthicknessandwindspeed.(b)ApproachPreliminarydesigncriteriawillbeevaluatedduringtheearlystagesofthestudy.Utilizingavailableclimaticinformationandexperienceobtainedinothernortherntransmissionlineprojects,designpara-meterswillbeestablished;i.e.,windspeeds,icing conditions(frequencyandthicknessofaccumulation)andtemperatureconditions.Inputwillbeobtainedfromanexperiencedstaffmeteorologisttoassistindevelopingtheseparameters.Anattemptwillbemadetodevelopageneralperceptionofthespatialvariationintheseparametersforinput tothetransmission-lineroute-selectionstudies.Duringthesecondyearofthestudy,astheclimaticfielddatabecomesavailable,amoredetailedapproachwillbeadoptedtoconfirmthedesigncriteria.Anin-cloudicingmodelisavailableintheAcrescomputerlibraryandhasbeenusedtocalculateiceloadsforthedesignofatransmissionlinefromOceanFallstoKemanoinnorthernBritishColumbia.Wewillusethismodeltopredicticecoverthicknessforspecifieddesignclimaticconditions.AcheckonmodelaccuracieswillbemadebycomparingmodelresultswithmeasurediceaccumulationsfromtheFieldDataCollectionProgram(Subtask3.03)andusingdatafromothersourcessuchasthein-cloudiceaccumulationdatawhichisavailable(4years,42events)forMcLeanMountain,BritishColumbia.Determinationoffreezingrainaccumulationwillbebasedonthedatacollectedinthefieldandobtainedfromothersourcessuchasthefirstorder meteorologicalstationsinAlaska,theYukonandnorthernBritishColumbia.Acreswillundertakethissubtask.(c)DiscussionToestimaterisksofcombinedwindandiceloadsforvariousreturnperiods,twometeorologicaleventsmustbeconsidered.Ontheroutingsectionswhichwouldcarrythelinetohighelevations,in-cloudiceaccumulationislikelytorepresentthemostseverecondition.Wherethelinewouldfollowvalleyfloors,freezingrainordrizzlewouldresultinmaximumloads.In-cloudicingproducesrimeaccumulationhavingadensityofabout0.6g/cm3,asdoestheoccurrenceoffreezingdrizzle.Freezingrainresultsinglazeicingwithadensityofabout0.9g/cm3.(d)SchedulePreliminaryDesignParameters-Weeks14through25DetailedStudies-Weeks70through825-71Subtask3.08-ClimaticStudiesforTransmissionLine(a)ObjectiveToprovideclimatologicdesigncriteriaforthedesignoftransmissionlines.Theseincludeice-coverthicknessandwindspeed.(b)ApproachPreliminarydesigncriteriawillbeevaluatedduringtheearlystagesofthestudy.Utilizingavailableclimaticinformationandexperienceobtainedinothernortherntransmissionlineprojects,designpara-meterswillbeestablished;i.e.,windspeeds,icing conditions(frequencyandthicknessofaccumulation)andtemperatureconditions.Inputwillbeobtainedfromanexperiencedstaffmeteorologisttoassistindevelopingtheseparameters.Anattemptwillbemadetodevelopageneralperceptionofthespatialvariationintheseparametersforinput tothetransmission-lineroute-selectionstudies.Duringthesecondyearofthestudy,astheclimaticfielddatabecomesavailable,amoredetailedapproachwillbeadoptedtoconfirmthedesigncriteria.Anin-cloudicingmodelisavailableintheAcrescomputerlibraryandhasbeenusedtocalculateiceloadsforthedesignofatransmissionlinefromOceanFallstoKemanoinnorthernBritishColumbia.Wewillusethismodeltopredicticecoverthicknessforspecifieddesignclimaticconditions.AcheckonmodelaccuracieswillbemadebycomparingmodelresultswithmeasurediceaccumulationsfromtheFieldDataCollectionProgram(Subtask3.03)andusingdatafromothersourcessuchasthein-cloudiceaccumulationdatawhichisavailable(4years,42events)forMcLeanMountain,BritishColumbia.Determinationoffreezingrainaccumulationwillbebasedonthedatacollectedinthefieldandobtainedfromothersourcessuchasthefirstorder meteorologicalstationsinAlaska,theYukonandnorthernBritishColumbia.Acreswillundertakethissubtask.(c)DiscussionToestimaterisksofcombinedwindandiceloadsforvariousreturnperiods,twometeorologicaleventsmustbeconsidered.Ontheroutingsectionswhichwouldcarrythelinetohighelevations,in-cloudiceaccumulationislikelytorepresentthemostseverecondition.Wherethelinewouldfollowvalleyfloors,freezingrainordrizzlewouldresultinmaximumloads.In-cloudicingproducesrimeaccumulationhavingadensityofabout0.6g/cm3,asdoestheoccurrenceoffreezingdrizzle.Freezingrainresultsinglazeicingwithadensityofabout0.9g/cm3.(d)SchedulePreliminaryDesignParameters-Weeks14through25DetailedStudies-Weeks70through825-71 Subtask3.09-AccessRoadStudies(a)ObjectiveToprovidethenecessarydesignfloodpeaksandtoevaluatethecapa-cityoftherequiredhydraulicstructuressuchasbridgesandcul-verts.(b)ApproachFordesignfloodsassociatedwithlargerbasins,theresultsoftheregionalfloodstudies(Subtask3.05)willbeused.Forthesmallercatchmentsmeasuredfloodflowsfromsmallcatchmentswillbeutilizedtodevelopregionalfloodpeakrelationships.Summerrainfallstatis-ticswillbeevaluatedandutilizedwitharationaltypeformulatocalculatedesignsummerfloodpeaks.(c)DiscussionHydrauliccalculations,usingstandardtechniquesanddesigncurveswillbeemployedtoevaluatethenecessarysizeofthehydraulicstructures.Bridgesizeandabutmentshapesandalignmentswillbedeterminedsoastominimizetheeffectonthedrainageofwaterandgeneralandlocalscour.R&Mwouldperformthissubtask.(d)ScheduleWeeks52through1005-72Subtask3.09-AccessRoadStudies(a)ObjectiveToprovidethenecessarydesignfloodpeaksandtoevaluatethecapa-cityoftherequiredhydraulicstructuressuchasbridgesandcul-verts.(b)ApproachFordesignfloodsassociatedwithlargerbasins,theresultsoftheregionalfloodstudies(Subtask3.05)willbeused.Forthesmallercatchmentsmeasuredfloodflowsfromsmallcatchmentswillbeutilizedtodevelopregionalfloodpeakrelationships.Summerrainfallstatis-ticswillbeevaluatedandutilizedwitharationaltypeformulatocalculatedesignsummerfloodpeaks.(c)DiscussionHydrauliccalculations,usingstandardtechniquesanddesigncurveswillbeemployedtoevaluatethenecessarysizeofthehydraulicstructures.Bridgesizeandabutmentshapesandalignmentswillbedeterminedsoastominimizetheeffectonthedrainageofwaterandgeneralandlocalscour.R&Mwouldperformthissubtask.(d)ScheduleWeeks52through1005-72 Subtask3.10-LowerSusitnaStudies(a)ObjectiveToestimatetheflowregime,sedimentregimeandmorphologicalcharacteristicsofthelowerSusitnaRiverundernaturalconditions,andapreliminarydeterminationofmorphologicalimpactswhichcouldresultfromflowregulationandsedimenttrappingattheSusitnaproject.(b)ApproachThistaskwillcomprisethethreefollowingcomponents:(i)FlowandSedimentMeasurementsAssessmentofimpactsontheSusitnaRiverbelowTalkeetnarequiresbasicinformationontheproportionofflowandsedimentwhichiscontributedfromtheareaabovetheproposeddams.Althoughthiscanbeestimatedapproximatelybyanalyticalmethodsbasedonthesparserecordsavailable,itwillbeconfirmedbydirectfieldmeasurements.InadditiontotheexistingU.S.G.S.gaugingstationontheSusitnaRiverbelowtheconfluencewiththeYentnaRiver,itisproposedtoselectthreeadditionalgaugingsitesinconsultationwiththeDepartmentofNaturalResources(DNR).Itistentativelyenvisagedthatthesewillbelocatedonthefollowingsites:(1)(2)(3)ChulitnaRivernearTalkeetna(seePlateT3.1)SusitnaRiverbetweentheParksHighwayBridgeandtheDeltaIslandsYentnaRiverneartheSusitnaconfluence.Measurementofriverdischarge,waterlevels,watertemperatures,andsuspendedsedimentconcentrationwillbeconductedforaperiodofatleastoneyear.ThiswillprovideinformationforestimatingthenaturalcontributionofflowandsedimentfromthebasinsupstreamoftheprojectsitestothelowerSusitnareachesonaseasonalbasis.(ii)RiverObservationsandAerialPhotographsApotentialimpactofflowregulationonthehighlygradedlowerSusitnaRiveristhedewateringofsidechannelsandsloughswhichmaybegoodfishhabitats.Tobeabletoassessthispotentialimpact,thefollowingadditionalinformationwillbecollected:-aerialphotographyoftheriverfromthemouthtoTalkeetna-aerialobservationsandobliquephotographsoftheriverundervariousconditions:-beforeandduringspringbreakup-atvariousflowmagnitudesduringthesummer-beforeandduringtheiceformationperiod.5-73Subtask3.10-LowerSusitnaStudies(a)ObjectiveToestimatetheflowregime,sedimentregimeandmorphologicalcharacteristicsofthelowerSusitnaRiverundernaturalconditions,andapreliminarydeterminationofmorphologicalimpactswhichcouldresultfromflowregulationandsedimenttrappingattheSusitnaproject.(b)ApproachThistaskwillcomprisethethreefollowingcomponents:(i)FlowandSedimentMeasurementsAssessmentofimpactsontheSusitnaRiverbelowTalkeetnarequiresbasicinformationontheproportionofflowandsedimentwhichiscontributedfromtheareaabovetheproposeddams.Althoughthiscanbeestimatedapproximatelybyanalyticalmethodsbasedonthesparserecordsavailable,itwillbeconfirmedbydirectfieldmeasurements.InadditiontotheexistingU.S.G.S.gaugingstationontheSusitnaRiverbelowtheconfluencewiththeYentnaRiver,itisproposedtoselectthreeadditionalgaugingsitesinconsultationwiththeDepartmentofNaturalResources(DNR).Itistentativelyenvisagedthatthesewillbelocatedonthefollowingsites:(1)(2)(3)ChulitnaRivernearTalkeetna(seePlateT3.1)SusitnaRiverbetweentheParksHighwayBridgeandtheDeltaIslandsYentnaRiverneartheSusitnaconfluence.Measurementofriverdischarge,waterlevels,watertemperatures,andsuspendedsedimentconcentrationwillbeconductedforaperiodofatleastoneyear.ThiswillprovideinformationforestimatingthenaturalcontributionofflowandsedimentfromthebasinsupstreamoftheprojectsitestothelowerSusitnareachesonaseasonalbasis.(ii)RiverObservationsandAerialPhotographsApotentialimpactofflowregulationonthehighlygradedlowerSusitnaRiveristhedewateringofsidechannelsandsloughswhichmaybegoodfishhabitats.Tobeabletoassessthispotentialimpact,thefollowingadditionalinformationwillbecollected:-aerialphotographyoftheriverfromthemouthtoTalkeetna-aerialobservationsandobliquephotographsoftheriverundervariousconditions:-beforeandduringspringbreakup-atvariousflowmagnitudesduringthesummer-beforeandduringtheiceformationperiod.5-73 (iii)InterpretationofDataThedatacollectedonthelowerSusitnaRiverwillbeanalyzedinconjunctionwiththeflowregulationandsedimentstudiesdescribedinSubtask3.04,WaterResourcesStudies,and3.07,SedimentYieldandRiverMorphologyStudies.Apreliminaryevaulationofthepotentialmorphologicalchanges,andimpactontherivercharacteristicsduetoflowregulationwillbemadeduringtheearlypartof1981.Ifconsiderednecessaryatthisstage,anexpandedfielddatacollectionandstudyprogramaimedatevaluatingimpactsinmoredetailwillbedevelopedinconjunctionwiththeDNRandpresentedforconsiderationtoAPA.Shouldanexpandedprogramnotbenecessarytheprogramoutlinedherewillbecontinuedandthepreliminaryassessmentscompletedbytheendofthestudyperiod.R&MwillundertaketheworkandAcreswillactinareviewcapacity.(c)DiscussionThelowerSusitnaRiverisanimportantmulti-purposeresourcewhichmustbeconsideredinplanningtheSusitnaproject.flowever,atthispointinthestudy,itisconsideredprudenttominimizethelevelofinvestigationuntil(1)ThepowerstudiesconfirmthattheSusitnaprojectisindeedthebestalternativeforRailbeltpowerrequirements.(2)Projectstudieshaveprogressedtothepointwheredefiniteregulatol'ypatternsandeffectsonsedimenttransportcanbeidentified.(3)PreferredareasoffishhabitatinthelowerSusitnaRiverhavebeenidentified(seeSubtask7.10,FishEcologicalBaselineStudiesandAnalysis).(4)BetterknowledgeonthemorphologicaleffectsoftheprojectontheupperSusitnaRiverisobtained.ThissubtaskhasbeendevelopedafterextensivediscussionswithDNR.(d)ScheduleWeeks31through126.5-74(iii)InterpretationofDataThedatacollectedonthelowerSusitnaRiverwillbeanalyzedinconjunctionwiththeflowregulationandsedimentstudiesdescribedinSubtask3.04,WaterResourcesStudies,and3.07,SedimentYieldandRiverMorphologyStudies.Apreliminaryevaulationofthepotentialmorphologicalchanges,andimpactontherivercharacteristicsduetoflowregulationwillbemadeduringtheearlypartof1981.Ifconsiderednecessaryatthisstage,anexpandedfielddatacollectionandstudyprogramaimedatevaluatingimpactsinmoredetailwillbedevelopedinconjunctionwiththeDNRandpresentedforconsiderationtoAPA.Shouldanexpandedprogramnotbenecessarytheprogramoutlinedherewillbecontinuedandthepreliminaryassessmentscompletedbytheendofthestudyperiod.R&MwillundertaketheworkandAcreswillactinareviewcapacity.(c)DiscussionThelowerSusitnaRiverisanimportantmulti-purposeresourcewhichmustbeconsideredinplanningtheSusitnaproject.flowever,atthispointinthestudy,itisconsideredprudenttominimizethelevelofinvestigationuntil(1)ThepowerstudiesconfirmthattheSusitnaprojectisindeedthebestalternativeforRailbeltpowerrequirements.(2)Projectstudieshaveprogressedtothepointwheredefiniteregulatol'ypatternsandeffectsonsedimenttransportcanbeidentified.(3)PreferredareasoffishhabitatinthelowerSusitnaRiverhavebeenidentified(seeSubtask7.10,FishEcologicalBaselineStudiesandAnalysis).(4)BetterknowledgeonthemorphologicaleffectsoftheprojectontheupperSusitnaRiverisobtained.ThissubtaskhasbeendevelopedafterextensivediscussionswithDNR.(d)ScheduleWeeks31through126.5-74 Rlv'TALKEETNAPROPOSEDSTATIONSWATERLEVELSNOWCOURSEWATERQUALITYSNOWCOURSEvooSTREAMFLOWGAGING*SEDIMENTDISCHARGEE9PROPOSEDDAMSITES•EXISTINGSTATIONSIIU.S.G.S.GAGINGSTATION2010MILESoN-.JLli,SUSITNAHYDROELECTRICPROJECTPLATET3.I:PROPOSEDDATACOLLECTIONSTATIONSINTHESUSITNABASIN-19805-75/5-76Rlv'TALKEETNAPROPOSEDSTATIONSWATERLEVELSNOWCOURSEWATERQUALITYSNOWCOURSEvooSTREAMFLOWGAGING*SEDIMENTDISCHARGEE9PROPOSEDDAMSITES•EXISTINGSTATIONSIIU.S.G.S.GAGINGSTATION2010MILESoN-.JLli,SUSITNAHYDROELECTRICPROJECTPLATET3.I:PROPOSEDDATACOLLECTIONSTATIONSINTHESUSITNABASIN-19805-75/5-76 fAO\II'"\-<rC'""(f>0" Z'"II1420144DEMPSEY41460PROPOSEDSTATIONS@CLIMATIC>-<EXISTINGSTATIONS@COMPLETEMETEOROLOGICL::iPRECIPITATION.....ANDTEMPERATUREI?p..~',(~p..\-,.....~p-"\\O~/.,\-s'<.',(\,~~"\~c~.11880MT.McKINLEY/20300~./~/--/1520640IN-CLOUDICINGFREEZINGRAINSUSITNAHYDROELECTRICPROJECTAPD£lICOOKA.SNOWCREEPPLATET3.2:PROPOSEDDATACOLLECTIONSTATIONS~U~n(iJ~:::::....-__I_N",::L",::E..:.-r_..L~-l~I~N_T~H~E~RAILBELTAREA-19805-77/5-78....JfAO\II'"\-<rC'""(f>0"Z'"II1420144DEMPSEY41460PROPOSEDSTATIONS@CLIMATIC>-<EXISTINGSTATIONS@COMPLETEMETEOROLOGICL::iPRECIPITATION.....ANDTEMPERATUREI?p..~',(~p..\-,.....~p-"\\O~/.,\-s'<.',(\,~~"\~c~.11880MT.McKINLEY/20300~./~/--/1520640IN-CLOUDICINGFREEZINGRAINSUSITNAHYDROELECTRICPROJECTAPD£lICOOKA.SNOWCREEPPLATET3.2:PROPOSEDDATACOLLECTIONSTATIONS~U~n(iJ~:::::....-__I_N",::L",::E..:.-r_..L~-l~I~N_T~H~E~RAILBELTAREA-19805-77/5-78....J A.5.5-TASK4:SEISMICSTUDIES(i)TaskDbjectivesTodeterminetheearthquakegroundmotionswhichwillprovidetheseismicdesigncriteriaforthemajorstructuresassociatedwiththeS~si.tnaHydroelectricProject,toundertakepreliminaryevaluationsoftheseismicstabilityofproposedearth-rockfillandconcretedams,toassessthepotentialforreservoirinducedseismicityandlandslides,andtoidentifysoilswhicharesusceptibletoseismi-cally-inducedfailurealongtheproposedtransmissionlineandaccessroadroutes.(ii)TaskOutputThedatacollectionprogramsandstudiesoutlinedinthistaskwillbesufficientlycomprehensiveforFERClicenseapplications.Thoroughpresentationsofconclusions,evaluationsanddataarealsodesirableforprojectsthatarebeingcarefullyreviewedbypermit-tingagencies.Completereportingoftheseismicgeologyandseismologyinvestigationswillbemadewiththisphilosophyasaguide.ThistaskwillbeconductedprimarilybyWoodward-ClydeConsultantswithreviewbyAcresandfieldsupportbyR&MConsultants.ThegroundmotionstudydatawillbeutilizedinTask6fordesignstudies.IdentificationofseisimicallysusceptiblesoilsfortheroadandtransmissionrouteswillbeinputstoTask2and8studies.FieldactivitieswillbecoordinatedwiththeTask5activities.Theprimaryproductsofthistaskwillinclude:-Technicalreportscontainingthoroughdocumentationofallworkdoneduringthefirstyear.-Finaltechnicalreportscontainingthoroughdocumentationforallstudiesduringthefirsttwoyears.-Monthlymanagementreportsduringthecourseoftheinvestigation.Thetechnicalreportswillbeaccompaniedbygeologicmapsshowinglocationsofallcontrollingfeatures,faultlines,etc.Managementreportswi11dealwithtechnicalandfinancialprogresswithrespecttoplan.5-79A.5.5-TASK4:SEISMICSTUDIES(i)TaskDbjectivesTodeterminetheearthquakegroundmotionswhichwillprovidetheseismicdesigncriteriaforthemajorstructuresassociatedwiththeS~si.tnaHydroelectricProject,toundertakepreliminaryevaluationsoftheseismicstabilityofproposedearth-rockfillandconcretedams,toassessthepotentialforreservoirinducedseismicityandlandslides,andtoidentifysoilswhicharesusceptibletoseismi-cally-inducedfailurealongtheproposedtransmissionlineandaccessroadroutes.(ii)TaskOutputThedatacollectionprogramsandstudiesoutlinedinthistaskwillbesufficientlycomprehensiveforFERClicenseapplications.Thoroughpresentationsofconclusions,evaluationsanddataarealsodesirableforprojectsthatarebeingcarefullyreviewedbypermit-tingagencies.Completereportingoftheseismicgeologyandseismologyinvestigationswillbemadewiththisphilosophyasaguide.ThistaskwillbeconductedprimarilybyWoodward-ClydeConsultantswithreviewbyAcresandfieldsupportbyR&MConsultants.ThegroundmotionstudydatawillbeutilizedinTask6fordesignstudies.IdentificationofseisimicallysusceptiblesoilsfortheroadandtransmissionrouteswillbeinputstoTask2and8studies.FieldactivitieswillbecoordinatedwiththeTask5activities.Theprimaryproductsofthistaskwillinclude:-Technicalreportscontainingthoroughdocumentationofallworkdoneduringthefirstyear.-Finaltechnicalreportscontainingthoroughdocumentationforallstudiesduringthefirsttwoyears.-Monthlymanagementreportsduringthecourseoftheinvestigation.Thetechnicalreportswillbeaccompaniedbygeologicmapsshowinglocationsofallcontrollingfeatures,faultlines,etc.Managementreportswi11dealwithtechnicalandfinancialprogresswithrespecttoplan.5-79 (iii)ListofSubtasksSubtask4.01-ReviewofAvailableDataSubtask4.02-Short-termSeismologicMonitoringProgramSubtask4.03-PreliminaryReservoirInducedSeismicitySubtask4.04-RemoteSensingImageAnalysisSubtask4.05-SeismicGeologyReconnaissanceSubtask4.06-EvaluationandReportingSubtask4.07-PreliminaryGroundMotionStudiesSubtask4.08-PreliminaryAnalysisofDamStabilitySubtask4.09-Long-termSeismologicMonitoringProgramSubtask4.10-ReservoirInducedSeismicitySubtask4.11-SeismicGeologyFieldStudiesSubtask4.12-EvaluationandReportingSubtask4.13-GroundMotionStudiesSubtask4.14-DamStabilitySubtask4.15-SoilSusceptibilitytoSeismically-InducedFailure(iv)SubtaskScopeStatementsTask4activitieswillbecrucialinestablishingthesafetyofdamsandotherstructuresunderpotentialearthquakeorinducedseismicityconditions.TheFERClicenseapplicationfortheselectedSusitnaprojectcomponentsmustdemonstrateconvincinglythatthemaximumcredibleearthquakehasbeenidentifiedandthemajorstructureshavebeenproperlydesignedtosafelycopewithsuchconditions.Task4activiteswillbeinitiatedimmediatelyuponcommencementofstudiesandwillbedesignedtoprovideaneffectivebasisfordesignofdamsandotherstructurespriortosubmissionoftheFERClicenseapplication.Task4activitieshavebeensubdividedintoatotaloffifteenpackagesarrangedtoincludeaprogramoffieldandofficestudiesandinstallationofamonitoringsystemtoadequatelysatisfythemoststringentrequirementsofdamsafety.Theseactivitieswillbeappropriatelycoordinatedwithparallelgeotechnicalexplorationanddamdesignefforts.5-80(iii)ListofSubtasksSubtask4.01-ReviewofAvailableDataSubtask4.02-Short-termSeismologicMonitoringProgramSubtask4.03-PreliminaryReservoirInducedSeismicitySubtask4.04-RemoteSensingImageAnalysisSubtask4.05-SeismicGeologyReconnaissanceSubtask4.06-EvaluationandReportingSubtask4.07-PreliminaryGroundMotionStudiesSubtask4.08-PreliminaryAnalysisofDamStabilitySubtask4.09-Long-termSeismologicMonitoringProgramSubtask4.10-ReservoirInducedSeismicitySubtask4.11-SeismicGeologyFieldStudiesSubtask4.12-EvaluationandReportingSubtask4.13-GroundMotionStudiesSubtask4.14-DamStabilitySubtask4.15-SoilSusceptibilitytoSeismically-InducedFailure(iv)SubtaskScopeStatementsTask4activitieswillbecrucialinestablishingthesafetyofdamsandotherstructuresunderpotentialearthquakeorinducedseismicityconditions.TheFERClicenseapplicationfortheselectedSusitnaprojectcomponentsmustdemonstrateconvincinglythatthemaximumcredibleearthquakehasbeenidentifiedandthemajorstructureshavebeenproperlydesignedtosafelycopewithsuchconditions.Task4activiteswillbeinitiatedimmediatelyuponcommencementofstudiesandwillbedesignedtoprovideaneffectivebasisfordesignofdamsandotherstructurespriortosubmissionoftheFERClicenseapplication.Task4activitieshavebeensubdividedintoatotaloffifteenpackagesarrangedtoincludeaprogramoffieldandofficestudiesandinstallationofamonitoringsystemtoadequatelysatisfythemoststringentrequirementsofdamsafety.Theseactivitieswillbeappropriatelycoordinatedwithparallelgeotechnicalexplorationanddamdesignefforts.5-80 Subtask4.01-ReviewofAvailableData(a)ObjectiveToacquire,compileandreviewexistingdataandidentifytheearthquakesettingoftheSusitnaRiverbasinarea.(b)ApproachDataobtainedunderthissubtaskwillbeusedtoplanthedetailsoftheseismologicinvestigations(Subtasks4.02,4.03,4.09and4.10)andtheseismicgeologyfieldreconnaissance(Subtask4.05).Avail-ablegeological,seismological,andgeophysicaldatafortheregionwillbegatheredfromsourcessuchasWoodward-Clydefiles,theDepartmentofGeologicandtheGeophysicalInstituteoftheUniver-sityofAlaska,theAlaskaGeologicalSurvey,theU.S.GeologicalSurveyandthemajorcollegesanduniversitiesinvolvedinresearchpertinenttotheproject.Inaddition,researcherswithon-goingprogramsofstudywillbecontactedandthecurrentstatusoftheirresearchwillbeobtainedbydiscussionsandwrittencorrespondence.Theacquisitionofgeologicaldatawillbeconcentratedonstructuralfeaturesoftheearththatmayrepresentmajoractivefaults.Thegeomorphicexpressionsofthesefeatureswillalsobeidentifiedfromtheavailabledata.Geophysicaldataregardingthestructureoftheearthwillbeacquir-edandreviewed.Regionalgravityandmagneticdataareparticularlyusefulinidentifyingmajordiscontinuitiesinthecrustoftheearth.Thesediscontinuitiesmaybealongfaultsthatcouldproducelargeearthquakesandsurfacefaultruptures.Ifavailable,othertypesofgeophysicaldatasuchasseismicrefraction,seismicreflec-tionandelectricalresistivitymayalsobeofuseinidentifyingmajoractivefaults.Seismologicaldatawillbeacquiredfortheprojectarea.Thisdataincludeshistoricalinformationonpastearthquakes,instrumentaldatafromtheGeophysica1InstituteoftheUniversityofAlaska,andregionalinstrumentaldatafromtheU.S.GeologicalSurvey.Thegeological,seismologicalandgeophysicaldatawillbecompiledinordertoobtainathoroughcurrentknowledgeofthetectonicsoftheSusitnaRiverarea.Theendproductwillconsistofmapsthatidentifyfaults,lineaments,andepicenterclustersoralignmentsidentifiedbyothers.Thesemapswillprovideabasisforthepro-posedgeologicalandseismologicalstudies.Inadditiontothedataacquiredfortheprojectarea,datarelatingtoreservoir-inducedseismicitywillalsobecompiled.Theworld-widedataonreservoir-inducedseismicitywillprovideapartialbasisforevaluatingwhetherornotinducedearthquakesmaybegener-atedintheSusitnaRiverarea.Woodward-ClydeConsultantshasanextensivefileonworld-widedataonreservoir-inducedearthquakes,andiscurrentlybeingretainedforfurtherresearchinreservoir-inducedseismicitybytheU.S.GeologicalSurvey.5-81Subtask4.01-ReviewofAvailableData(a)ObjectiveToacquire,compileandreviewexistingdataandidentifytheearthquakesettingoftheSusitnaRiverbasinarea.(b)ApproachDataobtainedunderthissubtaskwillbeusedtoplanthedetailsoftheseismologicinvestigations(Subtasks4.02,4.03,4.09and4.10)andtheseismicgeologyfieldreconnaissance(Subtask4.05).Avail-ablegeological,seismological,andgeophysicaldatafortheregionwillbegatheredfromsourcessuchasWoodward-Clydefiles,theDepartmentofGeologicandtheGeophysicalInstituteoftheUniver-sityofAlaska,theAlaskaGeologicalSurvey,theU.S.GeologicalSurveyandthemajorcollegesanduniversitiesinvolvedinresearchpertinenttotheproject.Inaddition,researcherswithon-goingprogramsofstudywillbecontactedandthecurrentstatusoftheirresearchwillbeobtainedbydiscussionsandwrittencorrespondence.Theacquisitionofgeologicaldatawillbeconcentratedonstructuralfeaturesoftheearththatmayrepresentmajoractivefaults.Thegeomorphicexpressionsofthesefeatureswillalsobeidentifiedfromtheavailabledata.Geophysicaldataregardingthestructureoftheearthwillbeacquir-edandreviewed.Regionalgravityandmagneticdataareparticularlyusefulinidentifyingmajordiscontinuitiesinthecrustoftheearth.Thesediscontinuitiesmaybealongfaultsthatcouldproducelargeearthquakesandsurfacefaultruptures.Ifavailable,othertypesofgeophysicaldatasuchasseismicrefraction,seismicreflec-tionandelectricalresistivitymayalsobeofuseinidentifyingmajoractivefaults.Seismologicaldatawillbeacquiredfortheprojectarea.Thisdataincludeshistoricalinformationonpastearthquakes,instrumentaldatafromtheGeophysica1InstituteoftheUniversityofAlaska,andregionalinstrumentaldatafromtheU.S.GeologicalSurvey.Thegeological,seismologicalandgeophysicaldatawillbecompiledinordertoobtainathoroughcurrentknowledgeofthetectonicsoftheSusitnaRiverarea.Theendproductwillconsistofmapsthatidentifyfaults,lineaments,andepicenterclustersoralignmentsidentifiedbyothers.Thesemapswillprovideabasisforthepro-posedgeologicalandseismologicalstudies.Inadditiontothedataacquiredfortheprojectarea,datarelatingtoreservoir-inducedseismicitywillalsobecompiled.Theworld-widedataonreservoir-inducedseismicitywillprovideapartialbasisforevaluatingwhetherornotinducedearthquakesmaybegener-atedintheSusitnaRiverarea.Woodward-ClydeConsultantshasanextensivefileonworld-widedataonreservoir-inducedearthquakes,andiscurrentlybeingretainedforfurtherresearchinreservoir-inducedseismicitybytheU.S.GeologicalSurvey.5-81 Thespecificproductsofthissubtaskinclude:-HistoricalearthquakemapandcatalogAcatalogofreportedearthquakeswithmagnitude4.0andlargerfrom1899tothepresentwillbepreparedfortheregionwithin200milesofthesite.Forthelargerearthquakesintheperiod,thegeologicandengineeringeffectswillbediscussed.Dataqualityasafunctionoftimewillbeevaluatedtoestimatethecomplete-nesslevelofthecatalogwithrespecttomagnitude,focaldepthandspatiallocation.-SummaryofrecentregionalmonitoringMicroearthquakemonitoringbytheUniversityofAlaskaGeophysicalInstituteandtheU.S.GeologicalSurveywillbereviewedandsum-maryplotsofseismicitydatawillbeprepared.Resultsandinter-pretationsbasedonthesedatawillbereviewedwithappropriatepersonnelingovernmentalandacademicorganizations.Ofparticu-larimportanceisevaluationoftheaccuracyoffocaldepthdeter-minationsbasedonthesenetworkstudies.-TectonicmodelBasedonavailableseismologicandgeologicdata,apreliminarykinematictectonicmodelwillbedevelopedfortheregionwithinapproximately200milesofthesite.ThismodelwillbemodifiedasneededbystudiesinlatersubtasksandwillprovidethebasisforunderstandingtheinterrelatedgeologicsourceareasforfutureearthquakeactivityintheAlaskaninterior.Applicationsandimplicationsofseismicgaptheorywillbeconsidered.(c)DiscussionTheseismicityandseismicsourcesoftheAlaskaninteriorhaveonlyrecentlybeguntobestudiedinsignificantdetail.InterestintheseismicityofcontinentalAlaskawasstimulatedbythemajor1964earthquakeandinvolvedtheinitiationofregionalmicroearthquakemonitoringandtheaugmentationofgeologicalinvestigationstoimproveunderstandingofthetectonicsofAlaska.TheseismologicalenvironmentoftheSusitnaProjectischaracterizedbytwomajorearthquakesources:-shallowearthquakeactivityoccurringalongcrustalfaultssuchastheDenalifault,withdepthoffocuslessthanapproximately12miles;and-earthquakeactivityinaBenioffzonewhichhasadepthrangeof30to90milesandisassociatedwiththesubductionofthePacificplatebeneathAlaska.5-82Thespecificproductsofthissubtaskinclude:-HistoricalearthquakemapandcatalogAcatalogofreportedearthquakeswithmagnitude4.0andlargerfrom1899tothepresentwillbepreparedfortheregionwithin200milesofthesite.Forthelargerearthquakesintheperiod,thegeologicandengineeringeffectswillbediscussed.Dataqualityasafunctionoftimewillbeevaluatedtoestimatethecomplete-nesslevelofthecatalogwithrespecttomagnitude,focaldepthandspatiallocation.-SummaryofrecentregionalmonitoringMicroearthquakemonitoringbytheUniversityofAlaskaGeophysicalInstituteandtheU.S.GeologicalSurveywillbereviewedandsum-maryplotsofseismicitydatawillbeprepared.Resultsandinter-pretationsbasedonthesedatawillbereviewedwithappropriatepersonnelingovernmentalandacademicorganizations.Ofparticu-larimportanceisevaluationoftheaccuracyoffocaldepthdeter-minationsbasedonthesenetworkstudies.-TectonicmodelBasedonavailableseismologicandgeologicdata,apreliminarykinematictectonicmodelwillbedevelopedfortheregionwithinapproximately200milesofthesite.ThismodelwillbemodifiedasneededbystudiesinlatersubtasksandwillprovidethebasisforunderstandingtheinterrelatedgeologicsourceareasforfutureearthquakeactivityintheAlaskaninterior.Applicationsandimplicationsofseismicgaptheorywillbeconsidered.(c)DiscussionTheseismicityandseismicsourcesoftheAlaskaninteriorhaveonlyrecentlybeguntobestudiedinsignificantdetail.InterestintheseismicityofcontinentalAlaskawasstimulatedbythemajor1964earthquakeandinvolvedtheinitiationofregionalmicroearthquakemonitoringandtheaugmentationofgeologicalinvestigationstoimproveunderstandingofthetectonicsofAlaska.TheseismologicalenvironmentoftheSusitnaProjectischaracterizedbytwomajorearthquakesources:-shallowearthquakeactivityoccurringalongcrustalfaultssuchastheDenalifault,withdepthoffocuslessthanapproximately12miles;and-earthquakeactivityinaBenioffzonewhichhasadepthrangeof30to90milesandisassociatedwiththesubductionofthePacificplatebeneathAlaska.5-82 Geologicalstudiesareused,alongwithseismologicaldata,toinves-tigatetheshallowearthquakesources.Thedeeper-focusearthquakesourcesarenotdirectlyexpressedattheearth'ssurfaceandmustbeinvestigatedusingseismologicaldatacombinedwithakinematicunderstandingofthepresent-daytectonicactivityoftheAlaskaninterior.Theoccurrenceofpastlargeearthquakeswithintheregion,suchasthe1904and1912magnitude7to8earthquakes,indi-catesthatboththeshallowanddeeperseismiczonesmayhavethepotentialforgeneratingearthquakeswithgroundmotionssignificanttotheproject.TheSusitnaRiverareaiswithinazoneofactiveseismicitythatextendsfromtheAleutiantroughonthesouthintocentralandnortherninteriorAlaska.Woodward-ClydeConsultantshaspreviouslyconductedregionalstudiesofseismicgeologyandseismicityoverbroadregionsofAlaska.ThepastregionalevaluationshavebeenfortheTrans-AlaskaPipelineSystem,theproposedOffshoreContinentalShelfregionssurroundingAlaska,andfortheproposedAlcanGasPipeline.ThesepastregionalstudiesprovidedataregardingtheearthquakesourcesinAlaska,andtheyalsoprovideup-to-dateknow-ledgeofthecurrentstatusofresearchinthearea.(d)ScheduleWeeks0through225-83Geologicalstudiesareused,alongwithseismologicaldata,toinves-tigatetheshallowearthquakesources.Thedeeper-focusearthquakesourcesarenotdirectlyexpressedattheearth'ssurfaceandmustbeinvestigatedusingseismologicaldatacombinedwithakinematicunderstandingofthepresent-daytectonicactivityoftheAlaskaninterior.Theoccurrenceofpastlargeearthquakeswithintheregion,suchasthe1904and1912magnitude7to8earthquakes,indi-catesthatboththeshallowanddeeperseismiczonesmayhavethepotentialforgeneratingearthquakeswithgroundmotionssignificanttotheproject.TheSusitnaRiverareaiswithinazoneofactiveseismicitythatextendsfromtheAleutiantroughonthesouthintocentralandnortherninteriorAlaska.Woodward-ClydeConsultantshaspreviouslyconductedregionalstudiesofseismicgeologyandseismicityoverbroadregionsofAlaska.ThepastregionalevaluationshavebeenfortheTrans-AlaskaPipelineSystem,theproposedOffshoreContinentalShelfregionssurroundingAlaska,andfortheproposedAlcanGasPipeline.ThesepastregionalstudiesprovidedataregardingtheearthquakesourcesinAlaska,andtheyalsoprovideup-to-dateknow-ledgeofthecurrentstatusofresearchinthearea.(d)ScheduleWeeks0through225-83 Subtask4.02-Short-termSeismologicMonitoringProgram(a)ObjectiveEstablishinitialmonitoringsystem,obtainandanalyzebasicseismo-logicdataonpotentialearthquakesourceswithintheSusitnaRiverareaandsupplyinformationrequiredtoimplementamorethoroughlong-termmonitoringprogram(Subtask4.09).(b)ApproachThissubtaskinvolvestwomajorpackagesofwork:(1)AnalysisofExistingDataFurtherlimitedanalysisofexistingregionalearthquakedatawillbeundertakentoenablesufficientlyaccurateandappropri-ateselectionofmaximumearthquakesourcesandassociatedattenuationrelationships.Sourcestudieswillbecarriedoutonseveralofthelargesthistoricalearthquakes,includingthe1904and1912events,inordertoconstraintheirlocation,localdepthandcausativegeologicalstructure.ThemaximumearthquakepotentialofthesubductionzonebeneaththeSusitnasiteispoorlyunderstood,anditwillbeofsignificantvaluetousethehistoricaldatatoproperlycharacterizethissource.ThesestudieswillalsobedirectedtotheevaluationoftheseismicattenuationcharacteristicsofdeeperearthquakestoenabletheproperutilizationoftheresultsoftheAlaskanOASESstudybyWoodward-ClydeConsultants(1978)andotherstudiesinselectingappropriateattenuationrelationshipsrequiredforSubtask4.07and4.13.(2)EstablishmentofaMonitoringNetworkSincethestudyareaisinaremotebutseismicallyactiveareaadditionaldetailedearthquakesourcedatawillbecollectedbyinstallingandoperatingalocalizedmicroearthquakerecordingnetwork.Thenetworkwillbeestablishedandoperatedduringthesummerof1980.Theareacoveredwillincludetheregionwithinapproximately30milesofthedamsites.Eighttotenrecorderswithstationspacingof5to10mileswillbeinstalledtor'ecordmicroearthquakeactivitydowntomagnitudeof1.0orless.Low-powerradiotelemeterywillbeusedtomakethefieldoperationasefficientaspossible.Helicoptersupportwillbeusedforinstallationandmaintenance.Initialstationdeploymentwillbeguidedbytheinformationobtainedduringthedatareview(Subtask4.01).Itwillberequiredtomonitorknownsignificantgeologicfeatures,suchastheSusitnafault.5-84Subtask4.02-Short-termSeismologicMonitoringProgram(a)ObjectiveEstablishinitialmonitoringsystem,obtainandanalyzebasicseismo-logicdataonpotentialearthquakesourceswithintheSusitnaRiverareaandsupplyinformationrequiredtoimplementamorethoroughlong-termmonitoringprogram(Subtask4.09).(b)ApproachThissubtaskinvolvestwomajorpackagesofwork:(1)AnalysisofExistingDataFurtherlimitedanalysisofexistingregionalearthquakedatawillbeundertakentoenablesufficientlyaccurateandappropri-ateselectionofmaximumearthquakesourcesandassociatedattenuationrelationships.Sourcestudieswillbecarriedoutonseveralofthelargesthistoricalearthquakes,includingthe1904and1912events,inordertoconstraintheirlocation,localdepthandcausativegeologicalstructure.ThemaximumearthquakepotentialofthesubductionzonebeneaththeSusitnasiteispoorlyunderstood,anditwillbeofsignificantvaluetousethehistoricaldatatoproperlycharacterizethissource.ThesestudieswillalsobedirectedtotheevaluationoftheseismicattenuationcharacteristicsofdeeperearthquakestoenabletheproperutilizationoftheresultsoftheAlaskanOASESstudybyWoodward-ClydeConsultants(1978)andotherstudiesinselectingappropriateattenuationrelationshipsrequiredforSubtask4.07and4.13.(2)EstablishmentofaMonitoringNetworkSincethestudyareaisinaremotebutseismicallyactiveareaadditionaldetailedearthquakesourcedatawillbecollectedbyinstallingandoperatingalocalizedmicroearthquakerecordingnetwork.Thenetworkwillbeestablishedandoperatedduringthesummerof1980.Theareacoveredwillincludetheregionwithinapproximately30milesofthedamsites.Eighttotenrecorderswithstationspacingof5to10mileswillbeinstalledtor'ecordmicroearthquakeactivitydowntomagnitudeof1.0orless.Low-powerradiotelemeterywillbeusedtomakethefieldoperationasefficientaspossible.Helicoptersupportwillbeusedforinstallationandmaintenance.Initialstationdeploymentwillbeguidedbytheinformationobtainedduringthedatareview(Subtask4.01).Itwillberequiredtomonitorknownsignificantgeologicfeatures,suchastheSusitnafault.5-84 Duringthecourseofthestudy,someofthestationsmaybemovedtostudyspecificareasofactivity.Dataanalysiswillbecarriedouttolocateactiveseismicsourcesandevaluatetheirspatialextentandfocaldepth.Theseanalyseswillalsobeusedtoestablishcausativestressorientationsbasedonfocalmechanismstudies,toevaluateseismicattenuation,andtoevaluatethestatisticalfeaturesofthemicroearthquakeactivity.Specificresultstobeobtainedrelativetosourceandwavepropagationassessmentincludetheassociationoflargerearth-quakes(suchasthe1904and1912events)withprobablesourcestructures,depthdeterminationoftheBenioffZoneofdeeperseismicactivityandattenuationcharacteristicsofsubductionzoneearthquakes.SeismicsourcelocationintermsofmaximumearthquakepotentialintheBenioffZonewillbeperformed.Comparisonswillbemadewithseismicactivityinothercompar-abletectonicareastoassessattenuationandmaximumearthquakepotential.Thescopeofthesestudieswillbemodifiedasnecessaryonthebasisoftheresultsobtainedastheworkprogresses.LiaisonwillbemaintainedwithdatacollectionbytheUniver-sityofAlaskaGeophysicalInstituteandtheU.S.GeologicalSurvey.Therecordingperiodisinitiallyplannedasthreemonths;however,ifthisshouldneedtobemodified,appropriaterecommendationswillbemadeduringthecourseofthestudy.(c)DiscussionThepresentlocationandfocalmechanismlevelusingtheGeophysicalInstitutenetworkisapproximatelymagnitude2-1/2orlarger.Thedataobtainedfromtheproposedmonitoringprogramwillsupplementtheexistingregionalnetworkoperationsandwillprovideneededaccuracyanddetectionthreshold.Inaddition,theresultsobtainedwillprovidetheinformationneededtoaccuratelysitethelong-termnetworkstations(Subtask4.09)andtoselectappropriateinstrumen-tation.Theywillalsoaidinplanningtheseismicgeologyrecon-naissance(Subtask4.05).(d)ScheduleWeeks21through525-85Duringthecourseofthestudy,someofthestationsmaybemovedtostudyspecificareasofactivity.Dataanalysiswillbecarriedouttolocateactiveseismicsourcesandevaluatetheirspatialextentandfocaldepth.Theseanalyseswillalsobeusedtoestablishcausativestressorientationsbasedonfocalmechanismstudies,toevaluateseismicattenuation,andtoevaluatethestatisticalfeaturesofthemicroearthquakeactivity.Specificresultstobeobtainedrelativetosourceandwavepropagationassessmentincludetheassociationoflargerearth-quakes(suchasthe1904and1912events)withprobablesourcestructures,depthdeterminationoftheBenioffZoneofdeeperseismicactivityandattenuationcharacteristicsofsubductionzoneearthquakes.SeismicsourcelocationintermsofmaximumearthquakepotentialintheBenioffZonewillbeperformed.Comparisonswillbemadewithseismicactivityinothercompar-abletectonicareastoassessattenuationandmaximumearthquakepotential.Thescopeofthesestudieswillbemodifiedasnecessaryonthebasisoftheresultsobtainedastheworkprogresses.LiaisonwillbemaintainedwithdatacollectionbytheUniver-sityofAlaskaGeophysicalInstituteandtheU.S.GeologicalSurvey.Therecordingperiodisinitiallyplannedasthreemonths;however,ifthisshouldneedtobemodified,appropriaterecommendationswillbemadeduringthecourseofthestudy.(c)DiscussionThepresentlocationandfocalmechanismlevelusingtheGeophysicalInstitutenetworkisapproximatelymagnitude2-1/2orlarger.Thedataobtainedfromtheproposedmonitoringprogramwillsupplementtheexistingregionalnetworkoperationsandwillprovideneededaccuracyanddetectionthreshold.Inaddition,theresultsobtainedwillprovidetheinformationneededtoaccuratelysitethelong-termnetworkstations(Subtask4.09)andtoselectappropriateinstrumen-tation.Theywillalsoaidinplanningtheseismicgeologyrecon-naissance(Subtask4.05).(d)ScheduleWeeks21through525-85 Subtask4.03-PreliminaryReservoirInducedSeismicity(a)ObjectiveEvaluatethepotentialforthepossiblefutureoccurrenceofreservoir-inducedseismicity(RIS)intheSusitnaProjectarea.(b)ApproachTheresultsofthisevaluationwillbeusedtoestablishscenariosofpossibleoutcomesuftheoccurrencereservoirinducedseismicity.Woodward-ClydeConsultantshasrecentlycompletedamajoranalysisofgeologic,seismologicandhydrologicfactorsassociatedwithpastcasesof reservoir-inducedseismicity.TheresultsofthisstudyalsowillbeappliedtotheknownfactorsfortheSusitnaprojectinordertostatisticallyrelatetheSusitnaProjecttothepotentialforRIS.Theresultingpotentialwillbeevaluatedintermsofpossiblescenariosfortheoccurrenceofinducedactivity,andthepossibleoutcomeofsuchoccurrenceswillbediscussed.Thisanalysiswillresultinaquantitativeassessmentofthepoten-tialfortheoccurrenceofreservoir-inducedseismicityasaresultofthedammingoftheSusitnaRiver.Acomparisonwillbemadeofdepth,volume,regionalstress,geologicsettingandfaultingattheSusitnadamsiteswiththesameparametersastheworld'sdeepand/orverylargereservoirs.Basedonthiscomparison,theprobabilityofreservoir-inducedseismicityattheSusitnadamsiteswillbeassessed.AdescriptionofknowncasesofRISemphasizingtherelationshipbetweenfillingofthereservoirandthelengthoftimetothefirstandlargestearthquakesandtherelevanceofthesedatatotheSusitnadamsiteswillbediscussed.ScenarioswillbepresentedthatdiscusspossiblecoursesofactionthatcanbetakenifRISisanticipatedordetectedduringfillingofthereservoir.(c)DiscussionTheactivitiesassociatedwiththistaskwillbecloselycoordinatedwiththehydraulicstudiesaimedatassessingthepotentialimpactonthereservoirwaterlevelofareservoir-inducedslide.(SeeSubtask3.06).(d)ScheduleWeeks23through505-86Subtask4.03-PreliminaryReservoirInducedSeismicity(a)ObjectiveEvaluatethepotentialforthepossiblefutureoccurrenceofreservoir-inducedseismicity(RIS)intheSusitnaProjectarea.(b)ApproachTheresultsofthisevaluationwillbeusedtoestablishscenariosofpossibleoutcomesuftheoccurrencereservoirinducedseismicity.Woodward-ClydeConsultantshasrecentlycompletedamajoranalysisofgeologic,seismologicandhydrologicfactorsassociatedwithpastcasesof reservoir-inducedseismicity.TheresultsofthisstudyalsowillbeappliedtotheknownfactorsfortheSusitnaprojectinordertostatisticallyrelatetheSusitnaProjecttothepotentialforRIS.Theresultingpotentialwillbeevaluatedintermsofpossiblescenariosfortheoccurrenceofinducedactivity,andthepossibleoutcomeofsuchoccurrenceswillbediscussed.Thisanalysiswillresultinaquantitativeassessmentofthepoten-tialfortheoccurrenceofreservoir-inducedseismicityasaresultofthedammingoftheSusitnaRiver.Acomparisonwillbemadeofdepth,volume,regionalstress,geologicsettingandfaultingattheSusitnadamsiteswiththesameparametersastheworld'sdeepand/orverylargereservoirs.Basedonthiscomparison,theprobabilityofreservoir-inducedseismicityattheSusitnadamsiteswillbeassessed.AdescriptionofknowncasesofRISemphasizingtherelationshipbetweenfillingofthereservoirandthelengthoftimetothefirstandlargestearthquakesandtherelevanceofthesedatatotheSusitnadamsiteswillbediscussed.ScenarioswillbepresentedthatdiscusspossiblecoursesofactionthatcanbetakenifRISisanticipatedordetectedduringfillingofthereservoir.(c)DiscussionTheactivitiesassociatedwiththistaskwillbecloselycoordinatedwiththehydraulicstudiesaimedatassessingthepotentialimpactonthereservoirwaterlevelofareservoir-inducedslide.(SeeSubtask3.06).(d)ScheduleWeeks23through505-86 Subtask4.04-RemoteSensingImageAnalysis(a)ObjectiveSelectandinterpretavailableremotesensingimagerytoidentifytopographicfeaturesthatmaybeassociatedwithactivefaulting.(b)ApproachDataobtainedunderthissubtaskwillbeusedduringtheSeismicGeologyReconnaissance(Subtask4.05)andtheSeismicGeologyFieldStudies(Subtask4.11)toidentifyyouthfulfaultsthatmayproducefutureearthquakesandfuturesurfacefaultruptures.Remotesensingimageryandaerialphotographyrelevanttoapproximately100kmradiusaboutthedamsitewillbeselectedfora1ineamentanalysis.ThisremotesensingdataincludesavailableLandsat,SLAR(side-landingairborneradar),Skylabphotography;highaltitudeU-2,orRB-57colorinfraredphotographs,andblack-and-whiteaerialphoto-graphs.Theremotesensingandhighaltitudeimageryandaerialphotographswillbeinterpretedintermsofthegeology,geomorpho-logyandstructureofthestudyregion.Interpretationwi11helptoidentify1ineamentsandotherfeaturesthatmayberelatedtoactivefaults.SeismicityclustersandalignmentsidentifiedduringtheseismicityevaluationinSubtask4.02willbecomparedwiththelineamentsidentifiedbytheimageryinterpretationandtheknownfaultsonexistingmapstoassessthepossiblerelationshipoftheepicentrallocations,surficiallinea-mentsandmappedfaults.Theimageryinterpretationwillbeconduc-tedbygeologistsexperiencedinlineamentevaluationandintherecognitionoffeaturesassociatedwithactivefaults.Itwillbeimportanttodistinguishtheselineamentsfromsimilarfeaturesthatresultfromnon-tectonicgeologicprocesses.(c)DiscussionTheactivitiesinthistaskwillbecloselycoordinatedwiththephotointerpretationstudiesbeingconductedforthedamsite,reservoirandconstructedmaterialareas(Subtask5.02)toensurethatinformationrequestsandanalysesarenotduplicated.Followinganinitialaerialandgroundreconnaissanceitmaybedecidedthatlow-sun-angleaerialphotographyshouldbeacquiredforspecificgeomorphicfeaturesthatmaybefault-related.Forthispurpose,low-sun-anglecolorinfraredandblack-and-whitephotographyatascaleofapproximately1:24,000isproposed.Thishasprovenexceed-inglyvaluableindelineatingsubtletopographicfeaturesthatmaybefault-related.Thelongshadowscastbythelow-sun-anglehighlightsllbtletopographicfeaturesrelatedtofaults,suchasscarpsoroff-sets,thatwouldbeundetectablewithconventionalverticalaerialphotographs.5-87Subtask4.04-RemoteSensingImageAnalysis(a)ObjectiveSelectandinterpretavailableremotesensingimagerytoidentifytopographicfeaturesthatmaybeassociatedwithactivefaulting.(b)ApproachDataobtainedunderthissubtaskwillbeusedduringtheSeismicGeologyReconnaissance(Subtask4.05)andtheSeismicGeologyFieldStudies(Subtask4.11)toidentifyyouthfulfaultsthatmayproducefutureearthquakesandfuturesurfacefaultruptures.Remotesensingimageryandaerialphotographyrelevanttoapproximately100kmradiusaboutthedamsitewillbeselectedfora1ineamentanalysis.ThisremotesensingdataincludesavailableLandsat,SLAR(side-landingairborneradar),Skylabphotography;highaltitudeU-2,orRB-57colorinfraredphotographs,andblack-and-whiteaerialphoto-graphs.Theremotesensingandhighaltitudeimageryandaerialphotographswillbeinterpretedintermsofthegeology,geomorpho-logyandstructureofthestudyregion.Interpretationwi11helptoidentify1ineamentsandotherfeaturesthatmayberelatedtoactivefaults.SeismicityclustersandalignmentsidentifiedduringtheseismicityevaluationinSubtask4.02willbecomparedwiththelineamentsidentifiedbytheimageryinterpretationandtheknownfaultsonexistingmapstoassessthepossiblerelationshipoftheepicentrallocations,surficiallinea-mentsandmappedfaults.Theimageryinterpretationwillbeconduc-tedbygeologistsexperiencedinlineamentevaluationandintherecognitionoffeaturesassociatedwithactivefaults.Itwillbeimportanttodistinguishtheselineamentsfromsimilarfeaturesthatresultfromnon-tectonicgeologicprocesses.(c)DiscussionTheactivitiesinthistaskwillbecloselycoordinatedwiththephotointerpretationstudiesbeingconductedforthedamsite,reservoirandconstructedmaterialareas(Subtask5.02)toensurethatinformationrequestsandanalysesarenotduplicated.Followinganinitialaerialandgroundreconnaissanceitmaybedecidedthatlow-sun-angleaerialphotographyshouldbeacquiredforspecificgeomorphicfeaturesthatmaybefault-related.Forthispurpose,low-sun-anglecolorinfraredandblack-and-whitephotographyatascaleofapproximately1:24,000isproposed.Thishasprovenexceed-inglyvaluableindelineatingsubtletopographicfeaturesthatmaybefault-related.Thelongshadowscastbythelow-sun-anglehighlightsllbtletopographicfeaturesrelatedtofaults,suchasscarpsoroff-sets,thatwouldbeundetectablewithconventionalverticalaerialphotographs.5-87 Colorinfraredphotographyhasalsoprovenextremelyusefulindelineatingsubtlefeaturesintheterrainsuchasacontrastinvegetationorinsurfacemoisture.Suchfeaturesareoftenassocia-tedwithfaultswheregroundwateriseitherclosestalongthefaultzoneorononlyonesideofthefault.Amapoflineamentswithin100kmoftheprojectareawillbepro-ducedasagUideforSubtasks4.05and4.11.ThelineamentmapwillbesupplementedbymappedfaultsfromSubtask4.01,inordertocom-pareknownfaultswithlineamentsofvariousorigins.(d)ScheduleAerialphotographswillbeorderedduringthefirstmonth.Theanalysiswillbeperformedduringweeks10through26.5-88Colorinfraredphotographyhasalsoprovenextremelyusefulindelineatingsubtlefeaturesintheterrainsuchasacontrastinvegetationorinsurfacemoisture.Suchfeaturesareoftenassocia-tedwithfaultswheregroundwateriseitherclosestalongthefaultzoneorononlyonesideofthefault.Amapoflineamentswithin100kmoftheprojectareawillbepro-ducedasagUideforSubtasks4.05and4.11.ThelineamentmapwillbesupplementedbymappedfaultsfromSubtask4.01,inordertocom-pareknownfaultswithlineamentsofvariousorigins.(d)ScheduleAerialphotographswillbeorderedduringthefirstmonth.Theanalysiswillbeperformedduringweeks10through26.5-88 I.ISubtask4.05-SeismicGeologyReconnaissance(a)ObjectivePerformareconnaissanceinvestigationofknownfaultsintheSusitnaRiverarea,andoflineamentsthatmaybefaults,identifyactivefaultsandestablishprioritiesformoredetailedfieldinvestiga-tions.(b)ApproachThistaskwillutilizethedataobtainedfromSubtask4.01andtheaerialphotographicinterpretationsoutlinedinSubtask4.04asabasisforplanningaerialandgroundreconnaissance.Theaerialreconnaissancewinsystematicallycoveralllineamentsandfaultsidentifiedinprevioussubtasks.Afieldanalysiswillbemadeinordertoidentifywhether'ornoteachfeaturemaybeanactivefaultcapableofimpactingtheprojectareaduetoitsbeingaassociatedwithalargeearthquakeorcapableofproducingafuturesurfacefaultrupture.Featureswithin60milesoftheprojectareawillbestudiedduringthereconnaissance,witheachlineamentandfaultbeingidentifiedbynumber.Inaddition,regionalreconnais-sanceofmajorfeaturessuchastheDenalifaultandtheCastleMountainfaultwhichmayextendasfaras200milesfromtheprojectal'ea~lillbeinvestigated.Interpretationsregardingtheoriginofeachfeaturewillbemadebyexpertseismicgeologistswithpastexperienceonsimilarprojects.Thosefeaturesthatareinterpretedtooriginatefromyouthfulfaulting,orfeaturesofunknownoriginthatmaybeduetoyouthfulfaulting,willbestudiedfurtherinthefie1dandsubjectedtoreconnaissance-levelgeologicmapping.Thereconnaissance-levelgeologicmapping~Iillbeorientedtowardidentifyingwhetherornotthebedrockunitsnearthefeaturesuggestthepresenceorabsenceofafault.Inaddition,theQuaternarygeomorphicsurfacesandstratigraphicunitsinproximitytoeachfeaturewillbestudiedtoaidinidentifyingwhetherornotfaultinghasoccurredinyoungunits.Thereconnaissance-levelmapping,atascaleof1:63,360,willaidinidentifyingthosefeaturesthatwillrequiredetailedstudyduringthefieldseasonof1981.TheseactivitieswillbecoordinatedwiththegeologicmappingtasksassociatedinSubtask5.04.(c)DiscussionTheSusitnaRiverareaisinacomplextectonicareathatispoorlyknowngeologically.PreviousworkbyKachadoorianandMooreempha-sizedthestructuralcomplexityofthisarea,andthelargenumberoflinearfeaturesatthesurfacethatmaybeduetofaultingortootherorigins.Thesesurfacefeaturesrequirefieldinvestigationtoidentifytheirorigins.Inordertoidentifytheoriginsofsomefeatures,itmayrequiredetailedmapping,trending,borings,or5-89I.ISubtask4.05-SeismicGeologyReconnaissance(a)ObjectivePerformareconnaissanceinvestigationofknownfaultsintheSusitnaRiverarea,andoflineamentsthatmaybefaults,identifyactivefaultsandestablishprioritiesformoredetailedfieldinvestiga-tions.(b)ApproachThistaskwillutilizethedataobtainedfromSubtask4.01andtheaerialphotographicinterpretationsoutlinedinSubtask4.04asabasisforplanningaerialandgroundreconnaissance.Theaerialreconnaissancewinsystematicallycoveralllineamentsandfaultsidentifiedinprevioussubtasks.Afieldanalysiswillbemadeinordertoidentifywhether'ornoteachfeaturemaybeanactivefaultcapableofimpactingtheprojectareaduetoitsbeingaassociatedwithalargeearthquakeorcapableofproducingafuturesurfacefaultrupture.Featureswithin60milesoftheprojectareawillbestudiedduringthereconnaissance,witheachlineamentandfaultbeingidentifiedbynumber.Inaddition,regionalreconnais-sanceofmajorfeaturessuchastheDenalifaultandtheCastleMountainfaultwhichmayextendasfaras200milesfromtheprojectal'ea~lillbeinvestigated.Interpretationsregardingtheoriginofeachfeaturewillbemadebyexpertseismicgeologistswithpastexperienceonsimilarprojects.Thosefeaturesthatareinterpretedtooriginatefromyouthfulfaulting,orfeaturesofunknownoriginthatmaybeduetoyouthfulfaulting,willbestudiedfurtherinthefie1dandsubjectedtoreconnaissance-levelgeologicmapping.Thereconnaissance-levelgeologicmapping~Iillbeorientedtowardidentifyingwhetherornotthebedrockunitsnearthefeaturesuggestthepresenceorabsenceofafault.Inaddition,theQuaternarygeomorphicsurfacesandstratigraphicunitsinproximitytoeachfeaturewillbestudiedtoaidinidentifyingwhetherornotfaultinghasoccurredinyoungunits.Thereconnaissance-levelmapping,atascaleof1:63,360,willaidinidentifyingthosefeaturesthatwillrequiredetailedstudyduringthefieldseasonof1981.TheseactivitieswillbecoordinatedwiththegeologicmappingtasksassociatedinSubtask5.04.(c)DiscussionTheSusitnaRiverareaisinacomplextectonicareathatispoorlyknowngeologically.PreviousworkbyKachadoorianandMooreempha-sizedthestructuralcomplexityofthisarea,andthelargenumberoflinearfeaturesatthesurfacethatmaybeduetofaultingortootherorigins.Thesesurfacefeaturesrequirefieldinvestigationtoidentifytheirorigins.Inordertoidentifytheoriginsofsomefeatures,itmayrequiredetailedmapping,trending,borings,or5-89 geophysicaldata.notbepossibletooriginsofalltheDespitethoroughinvestigations,however,itobtaindefinitiveinformationregardingthe1ineaments.mayWoodward-ClydeConsultantshasconductedseismicgeologyreconnais-sanceinvestigationsoverlargeregionsofAlaskaandinmanyotherseismicallyactiveareasoftheworld.Baseduponthatexperience,weestimatethatreconnaissance-levelinvestigationsasproposedinthissubtaskwilldefinetheoriginsofabout90percentofthelineamentsidentifiedonremotesensingimages.Ifthesefeaturesareconsideredtobecontrollingfaultsforthedesignofdamsandotherimportantfacilities,furtherdetailedinvestigationswillbeundertakenintheSeismicGeologyFieldStudies,Subtask4.11.Theproductsofthissubtaskwillconsistofamapthatidentifiesrecentlyactivefaultsandfeaturesofunknownoriginsthatmaybefaultssignificanttooneormoredamsitesandothercriticalfacilities.Inaddition,allfieldobservationswillbetabulatedforeachlineamentstudied,andpreliminaryestimatesofthemaximumcredibleearthquakeandfaulting,alongwiththerecurrencesoffaulting,willbemadeforeachactivefaultandotherfeaturesthatmaybefaults.(d)ScheduleWeeks24through39ThistaskcanbeginafterSubtask4.04iscomplete.shouldeitherproceedconcurrentlywiththissubtaskprecedethissubtask.5-90Subtask4.02oritshouldgeophysicaldata.notbepossibletooriginsofalltheDespitethoroughinvestigations,however,itobtaindefinitiveinformationregardingthe1ineaments.mayWoodward-ClydeConsultantshasconductedseismicgeologyreconnais-sanceinvestigationsoverlargeregionsofAlaskaandinmanyotherseismicallyactiveareasoftheworld.Baseduponthatexperience,weestimatethatreconnaissance-levelinvestigationsasproposedinthissubtaskwilldefinetheoriginsofabout90percentofthelineamentsidentifiedonremotesensingimages.Ifthesefeaturesareconsideredtobecontrollingfaultsforthedesignofdamsandotherimportantfacilities,furtherdetailedinvestigationswillbeundertakenintheSeismicGeologyFieldStudies,Subtask4.11.Theproductsofthissubtaskwillconsistofamapthatidentifiesrecentlyactivefaultsandfeaturesofunknownoriginsthatmaybefaultssignificanttooneormoredamsitesandothercriticalfacilities.Inaddition,allfieldobservationswillbetabulatedforeachlineamentstudied,andpreliminaryestimatesofthemaximumcredibleearthquakeandfaulting,alongwiththerecurrencesoffaulting,willbemadeforeachactivefaultandotherfeaturesthatmaybefaults.(d)ScheduleWeeks24through39ThistaskcanbeginafterSubtask4.04iscomplete.shouldeitherproceedconcurrentlywiththissubtaskprecedethissubtask.5-90Subtask4.02oritshould Subtask4.06-EvaluationandReporting(a)ObjectivesCompleteapreliminaryevaluationoftheseismicenvironmentoftheproject,definetheearthquakesourceparametersrequiredforearth-quakeengineeringinputindesignanddocumentthestudiesinreportssuitableforuseindesignstudies(Task6).(b)ApproachTheapproachofthissubtaskwillbetoprovideaprobabilisticanalysisofearthquakesconcerningcontrolofactivefaulting,andtoestimatemaximumcredibleearthquakesforeachactivefault.Theseanalyseswillbecompletedbyaninterdisciplinaryteamutilizingthereconnaissance-levelinformationobtainedfromSubtask4.01to4.05.Reportingwillbeinaformatsuitableforuseinselectingthedesignbasisearthquakes,andwillincludethoroughdocumentationthatwillbesuitableforFERCandpeergroupreview.(c)DiscussionApanelofleadingexpertsinseismologyinvestigationandseismicdesignofmajorstructureswillbeconvenedduringthisactivitytoreviewandcommentonallstudyworkundertakenandthefindingsthereof.OverallmanagementandcoordinationofSubtasks4.01to4.05isalsoincorporatedinthissubtask.(d)ScheduleWeeks18through525-91Subtask4.06-EvaluationandReporting(a)ObjectivesCompleteapreliminaryevaluationoftheseismicenvironmentoftheproject,definetheearthquakesourceparametersrequiredforearth-quakeengineeringinputindesignanddocumentthestudiesinreportssuitableforuseindesignstudies(Task6).(b)ApproachTheapproachofthissubtaskwillbetoprovideaprobabilisticanalysisofearthquakesconcerningcontrolofactivefaulting,andtoestimatemaximumcredibleearthquakesforeachactivefault.Theseanalyseswillbecompletedbyaninterdisciplinaryteamutilizingthereconnaissance-levelinformationobtainedfromSubtask4.01to4.05.Reportingwillbeinaformatsuitableforuseinselectingthedesignbasisearthquakes,andwillincludethoroughdocumentationthatwillbesuitableforFERCandpeergroupreview.(c)DiscussionApanelofleadingexpertsinseismologyinvestigationandseismicdesignofmajorstructureswillbeconvenedduringthisactivitytoreviewandcommentonallstudyworkundertakenandthefindingsthereof.OverallmanagementandcoordinationofSubtasks4.01to4.05isalsoincorporatedinthissubtask.(d)ScheduleWeeks18through525-91 Subtask4.07-Prelimin~ryGroundMotionStudies(a)ObjectiveUndertakeapreliminaryestimateofthegroundmotions(groundshaking)towhichproposedprojectfacilitiesmaybesUbjectedduringearthquakes.(b)ApproachThegroundmotioncharacteristicstobeestimatedincludepeakpara-meters(peakaccelerations,velocities,anddisplacem~nts),responsespectra(describingthefrequencycontentofgroundshaking)andsignificantduration(describingthetimedurationofstronggroundshaking).Thisinitialassessmentofgroundmotionswillbemadeusinginformationfromtheseismicgeology(Subtask4.05)andseis-mology(Subtask4.02)studies.Thegroundmotionestimateswillberefinedifnecessaryonthebasisofadditionalinformationgatheredduringthesecondyear.(SeeSubtask4.13).Inconsiderationofgroundmotions,theterms"seismicexposure"and"seismicrisk"aresometimesusedinterchangeably.However,forthepurposesofthisproposaltheyhavetwodistinctlydifferentmean-ings:-"SeismicExposure"isusedtodefinethenatureoftheearthquake-inducedgroundmotioncharacteristicsataspecificsite;-"SeismicRisk"isusedtodefinetheriskastheprobabilityofstructuraldamageordestructionbyanearthquakeattheprojectsite.Itreflectsthedegreetowhichthestructurehasbeendesignedtocopewithearthquakes.Groundmotionswillbeestimatedusingaprobabilisticapproach,usuallycalledaseismicexposureanalysis.Inthisapproach,theprobabilityofexceedingvariousamplitudesofgroundmotionisestimated,takingintoaccountthefrequencyofoccurrenceofearthquakesfromallsignificantseismicsourcesandtheattenuationofgroundmotionfromeachsourcetothe1ocationsofprojectfacilities.Earthquakesofvariousmagnitudes,uptothemagnitudesofmaximumcredibleevents,willbeconsidered.Attenuationrelationshipswillbederivedfromexaminationandanalysesofearthquakerecordingsmadeinsimilartectonicenvironmentsandinsimilarsubsurfacegeologicconditions,includingavailablerecordingsfromAlaska.WCChasrecentlyconductedacomprehensivestate-of-the-artanalysisofseismicexposureinAlaskanoffshoreareas(OASES,1978).Theresultsanddataofthispreviousstudy,\~hichincludedassessmentofactivityformajoronshorefaults(.e.g.,DenaliFaUlt,CastleMountainfault)aswellasoffshorefaults(e.g.,Benioffzone),willbeextremelyvaluabletotheprogressstudy.5-92Subtask4.07-Prelimin~ryGroundMotionStudies(a)ObjectiveUndertakeapreliminaryestimateofthegroundmotions(groundshaking)towhichproposedprojectfacilitiesmaybesUbjectedduringearthquakes.(b)ApproachThegroundmotioncharacteristicstobeestimatedincludepeakpara-meters(peakaccelerations,velocities,anddisplacem~nts),responsespectra(describingthefrequencycontentofgroundshaking)andsignificantduration(describingthetimedurationofstronggroundshaking).Thisinitialassessmentofgroundmotionswillbemadeusinginformationfromtheseismicgeology(Subtask4.05)andseis-mology(Subtask4.02)studies.Thegroundmotionestimateswillberefinedifnecessaryonthebasisofadditionalinformationgatheredduringthesecondyear.(SeeSubtask4.13).Inconsiderationofgroundmotions,theterms"seismicexposure"and"seismicrisk"aresometimesusedinterchangeably.However,forthepurposesofthisproposaltheyhavetwodistinctlydifferentmean-ings:-"SeismicExposure"isusedtodefinethenatureoftheearthquake-inducedgroundmotioncharacteristicsataspecificsite;-"SeismicRisk"isusedtodefinetheriskastheprobabilityofstructuraldamageordestructionbyanearthquakeattheprojectsite.Itreflectsthedegreetowhichthestructurehasbeendesignedtocopewithearthquakes.Groundmotionswillbeestimatedusingaprobabilisticapproach,usuallycalledaseismicexposureanalysis.Inthisapproach,theprobabilityofexceedingvariousamplitudesofgroundmotionisestimated,takingintoaccountthefrequencyofoccurrenceofearthquakesfromallsignificantseismicsourcesandtheattenuationofgroundmotionfromeachsourcetothe1ocationsofprojectfacilities.Earthquakesofvariousmagnitudes,uptothemagnitudesofmaximumcredibleevents,willbeconsidered.Attenuationrelationshipswillbederivedfromexaminationandanalysesofearthquakerecordingsmadeinsimilartectonicenvironmentsandinsimilarsubsurfacegeologicconditions,includingavailablerecordingsfromAlaska.WCChasrecentlyconductedacomprehensivestate-of-the-artanalysisofseismicexposureinAlaskanoffshoreareas(OASES,1978).Theresultsanddataofthispreviousstudy,\~hichincludedassessmentofactivityformajoronshorefaults(.e.g.,DenaliFault,CastleMountainfault)aswellasoffshorefaults(e.g.,Benioffzone),willbeextremelyvaluabletotheprogressstudy.5-92 Theendproductsofthissubtaskwillconsistofestimatesoftheprobabilityofexceedenceduringselectedtimeperiods(e.g.,100years)ofvariouslevelsofgroundmotionsatthelocationsofeachproposedmajordamandothermajorfacilities.Forthelongtrans-missionlinesandmajoraccessroads,theprobabilityestimateswillbegivenforappropriatesegmentsofthesystems.Probabilitylevelsandcorrespondingamplitudesofgroundmotionsthatmaybeconsideredinselectingprojectseismicdesigncriteriawillbediscussed.Forthedams,groundmotioncritel"iawiIlbeconsistentwithgroundmotionsassociatedwithmaximumcredibleearthquakes.Forlesscriticalprojectcomponents,groundmotioncharacteristicshavingahigherprobabilityofexceedencewouldbeusedasdesigncriteria.(c)DiscussionItiswidelyrecognizedthatneithertheoccurrenceoffutureearth-quakesnortheresultinggroundmotionsatasitecanbepredictedwithgreataccuracyevenwhenthebestavailabledataandtechnologyareemployed.Thefactisrecognizedintheaboveapproachandcon-siderableattentionwillbedevotedtodeterminingthereliabilityoftheestimateddesigncriteria.Thekeyinterrelationshipsofthissubtaskandothersarethefollowing:Projectionsofearthquakerecurrenceandidentificationofmaximumcredib1eearthquakesisanessentialinputtothissubtaskandwi11beaccomplishedinSubtask4.06.Theresultsofthissubtaskconsti-tuteessentialinputtoSubtask4.08(PreliminaryAnalysisofDamStability)andSubtask4.15(IdentificationofSoilsSusceptibletoSeismicallyInducedFailureAlongtheTransmissionLineandAccessRoadRoutes).Theproductsofthistaskincludethefollowing:-Estimatesoftheprobabilityofexceedenceduringselectedtimeperiods(e.g.,100years)ofvariousdegreesofgroundmotionatthelocationofeachproposedmajordamandothermajorprojectcomponents.- Adiscussionofandrecommendationsforprojectgroundmotiondesigncriteria.(d)ScheduleWeeks24through525-93Theendproductsofthissubtaskwillconsistofestimatesoftheprobabilityofexceedenceduringselectedtimeperiods(e.g.,100years)ofvariouslevelsofgroundmotionsatthelocationsofeachproposedmajordamandothermajorfacilities.Forthelongtrans-missionlinesandmajoraccessroads,theprobabilityestimateswillbegivenforappropriatesegmentsofthesystems.Probabilitylevelsandcorrespondingamplitudesofgroundmotionsthatmaybeconsideredinselectingprojectseismicdesigncriteriawillbediscussed.Forthedams,groundmotioncritel"iawiIlbeconsistentwithgroundmotionsassociatedwithmaximumcredibleearthquakes.Forlesscriticalprojectcomponents,groundmotioncharacteristicshavingahigherprobabilityofexceedencewouldbeusedasdesigncriteria.(c)DiscussionItiswidelyrecognizedthatneithertheoccurrenceoffutureearth-quakesnortheresultinggroundmotionsatasitecanbepredictedwithgreataccuracyevenwhenthebestavailabledataandtechnologyareemployed.Thefactisrecognizedintheaboveapproachandcon-siderableattentionwillbedevotedtodeterminingthereliabilityoftheestimateddesigncriteria.Thekeyinterrelationshipsofthissubtaskandothersarethefollowing:Projectionsofearthquakerecurrenceandidentificationofmaximumcredib1eearthquakesisanessentialinputtothissubtaskandwi11beaccomplishedinSubtask4.06.Theresultsofthissubtaskconsti-tuteessentialinputtoSubtask4.08(PreliminaryAnalysisofDamStability)andSubtask4.15(IdentificationofSoilsSusceptibletoSeismicallyInducedFailureAlongtheTransmissionLineandAccessRoadRoutes).Theproductsofthistaskincludethefollowing:-Estimatesoftheprobabilityofexceedenceduringselectedtimeperiods(e.g.,100years)ofvariousdegreesofgroundmotionatthelocationofeachproposedmajordamandothermajorprojectcomponents.-Adiscussionofandrecommendationsforprojectgroundmotiondesigncriteria.(d)ScheduleWeeks24through525-93 ~ubt~~~_4.08-PreliminaryAnalysisofDamStabill!Y(a)ObjectiveMakepreliminaryevaluationsoftheseismicstabilityofproposedearth,rockfilland/orconcretedarnsduringmaximumcredibleearth-quakes.(b)ApproachTheseevaluationswillbeofaconceptualnatureandwillbeunder-takenasinputtoTask6designstudiesanddeterminationsoftheimpactofseismicityondamcosts;i.e.,ontherequirementsfordesignand/ortreatmentoffoundations,designofdams,constructionmateria1sandplacementrequirements.Thepreliminaryevaluationoftheadequacyofdesignsofearthandrockfilldamstoresistseismicgroundshakingwillinvolvethefollowingsteps:Evaluationofstrengthcharacteristicsunderseismicloadingcon-ditionsofinsitusoilsleftinplaceinearthorrockfilldamfoundations.-Evaluationofkeystaticanddynamicpropertiesofembankmentmaterials.Particularlyimportantpropertiesarethestaticandcyclicstrengthcharacteristicsandpermeability.-Assessmentofthepotentialforlandslidingandlargedeformationsthroughembankmentorconcretedamsandfoundationduringorfollowingseismicgroundshaking.Th~cyclicstrengthcharacteristicsoffoundationsoilswillbeassessedonthebasisoffieldboringdataand1aboratoryindexandclassificationtestdata.Forunfrozensandsinthefoundation,blowcountsfromstandardpenetrationtests(SPT's)inboringswillbeusedtoevaluatetheresistanceofthesoilstoliquefaction.Prop-ertiesofembankmentmaterialswillbeestimatedonthebasisofgeneraldescription,grainsizedistributionsandc~npactionrequire-mentsofproposedborrowmaterials.Thisinformationwillbesupple-mentedbytheexperienceoftheprojectstaffandinformationobtain-edfrompublisheddata.Inaddition,approximatelysixdynamiccyclictestsofproposedembankmentorfoundationmaterialsareplanned.Theresultsofthesetestswillbecomparedwithdataforsimilarmaterialsavailableinpublishedliteratureandinthefilesofwcc.Thepotentialforlandslidingintheembankmentsandtheirfounda-tionswillbeanalyzedusingsimplifiedanalyticalapproachesandexperienceinsimilarstudies.Thekeyevaluationsthatareneededfortheassessmentofdambehaviorare:-thepotentialforgenerationanddissipationofexcessporewaterpressuresinthematerials_duringandfollowinganearthquake(stronglydependentonpermeability).5-94~ubt~~~_4.08-PreliminaryAnalysisofDamStabill!Y(a)ObjectiveMakepreliminaryevaluationsoftheseismicstabilityofproposedearth,rockfilland/orconcretedarnsduringmaximumcredibleearth-quakes.(b)ApproachTheseevaluationswillbeofaconceptualnatureandwillbeunder-takenasinputtoTask6designstudiesanddeterminationsoftheimpactofseismicityondamcosts;i.e.,ontherequirementsfordesignand/ortreatmentoffoundations,designofdams,constructionmateria1sandplacementrequirements.Thepreliminaryevaluationoftheadequacyofdesignsofearthandrockfilldamstoresistseismicgroundshakingwillinvolvethefollowingsteps:Evaluationofstrengthcharacteristicsunderseismicloadingcon-ditionsofinsitusoilsleftinplaceinearthorrockfilldamfoundations.-Evaluationofkeystaticanddynamicpropertiesofembankmentmaterials.Particularlyimportantpropertiesarethestaticandcyclicstrengthcharacteristicsandpermeability.-Assessmentofthepotentialforlandslidingandlargedeformationsthroughembankmentorconcretedamsandfoundationduringorfollowingseismicgroundshaking.Th~cyclicstrengthcharacteristicsoffoundationsoilswillbeassessedonthebasisoffieldboringdataand1aboratoryindexandclassificationtestdata.Forunfrozensandsinthefoundation,blowcountsfromstandardpenetrationtests(SPT's)inboringswillbeusedtoevaluatetheresistanceofthesoilstoliquefaction.Prop-ertiesofembankmentmaterialswillbeestimatedonthebasisofgeneraldescription,grainsizedistributionsandc~npactionrequire-mentsofproposedborrowmaterials.Thisinformationwillbesupple-mentedbytheexperienceoftheprojectstaffandinformationobtain-edfrompublisheddata.Inaddition,approximatelysixdynamiccyclictestsofproposedembankmentorfoundationmaterialsareplanned.Theresultsofthesetestswillbecomparedwithdataforsimilarmaterialsavailableinpublishedliteratureandinthefilesofwcc.Thepotentialforlandslidingintheembankmentsandtheirfounda-tionswillbeanalyzedusingsimplifiedanalyticalapproachesandexperienceinsimilarstudies.Thekeyevaluationsthatareneededfortheassessmentofdambehaviorare:-thepotentialforgenerationanddissipationofexcessporewaterpressuresinthematerials_duringandfollowinganearthquake(stronglydependentonpermeability).5-94 thepotentialforslidingusingconventionalstabilityanalysisapproachesandtakingintoaccounttheeffectofseismically-inducedporepressuresonsoilandrockfillstrengths.(c)DiscussionTheexecutionofthissubtaskwillinvolveaniterativeapproach.Fortheinitialdesigns,theexperienceoftheprojectteamwillbeusedtoestablishbroadguidelinesformaterialselectionanddesign.Thesedesignswillbeevaluatedforseismicstability.Theseresultswillthenbeusedtomodify,ifnecessary,thedesignswhichinturnmaybecheckedbyasecondevaluation.Theinterrelationshipsofthissubtasktoothersarethefollowing:-inputisrequiredfromSubtasks4.07-PreliminaryGroundMotionStudies,Task5 -GeotechnicalExplorationandTask6 -DesignDevelopment.Task6inputwillbeparticularlyrequiredfromthesubtasksdealingwithpreliminarydesignsofdamsanddescriptionsofconstructionmaterialsandplacementrequirements.-outputsofthissubtaskwillbeusedasinputtoTask6 -DesignDevelopment,particularlyforpreliminarydamdesign.Theproductsofthissubtaskare:-Preliminaryevaluationoftheseismicstabilityofembankmentcrosssectionssubjecttomaximumcredibleearthquakeloading.-Recommendationsforchangesinpreliminaryembankmentcrosssections,materialcompactionrequirements,andfoundationtreat-mentifrequi redforincreasingseismicstability.-Preliminaryevaluationsofrequirementsfordesignofconcretedams(archorgravity,asrequired).Therequi reddynamicanalysesoftheembankmentswi11beundertakenunderTask6activities.Woodward-ClydeConsultantswillprovideongoingconsultingservicesfortheseanalyses,underSubtask4.14.(d)ScheduleWeeks50through855-95thepotentialforslidingusingconventionalstabilityanalysisapproachesandtakingintoaccounttheeffectofseismically-inducedporepressuresonsoilandrockfillstrengths.(c)DiscussionTheexecutionofthissubtaskwillinvolveaniterativeapproach.Fortheinitialdesigns,theexperienceoftheprojectteamwillbeusedtoestablishbroadguidelinesformaterialselectionanddesign.Thesedesignswillbeevaluatedforseismicstability.Theseresultswillthenbeusedtomodify,ifnecessary,thedesignswhichinturnmaybecheckedbyasecondevaluation.Theinterrelationshipsofthissubtasktoothersarethefollowing:-inputisrequiredfromSubtasks4.07-PreliminaryGroundMotionStudies,Task5-GeotechnicalExplorationandTask6-DesignDevelopment.Task6inputwillbeparticularlyrequiredfromthesubtasksdealingwithpreliminarydesignsofdamsanddescriptionsofconstructionmaterialsandplacementrequirements.-outputsofthissubtaskwillbeusedasinputtoTask6-DesignDevelopment,particularlyforpreliminarydamdesign.Theproductsofthissubtaskare:-Preliminaryevaluationoftheseismicstabilityofembankmentcrosssectionssubjecttomaximumcredibleearthquakeloading.-Recommendationsforchangesinpreliminaryembankmentcrosssections,materialcompactionrequirements,andfoundationtreat-mentifrequi redforincreasingseismicstability.-Preliminaryevaluationsofrequirementsfordesignofconcretedams(archorgravity,asrequired).Therequi reddynamicanalysesoftheembankmentswi11beundertakenunderTask6activities.Woodward-ClydeConsultantswillprovideongoingconsultingservicesfortheseanalyses,underSubtask4.14.(d)ScheduleWeeks50through855-95 Subtask4.09-Long-termSeismologicMonitoringProgram(a)ObjectiveDevelopalong-termseismologicmonitoringprogramtoprovideacontinuingsourceofseismologicaldataforrefinementoftheseismicdesignaspectsoftheprojectduringthedetaileddesignphase.Basedontheexperiencegainedwiththeshort-termseismologicmoni-toringprogram(Subtask4.02)adetailedprogramoflong-termmoni-toringanddataanalysiswillbedesignedforimplementationpriortothelicenseaward.Thisprogramwillbedesignedtodeterminethebackgroundlevelofseismicactivityonshallowcrustalfaultspertinenttotheevaluationofpossiblereservoir-inducedseismicity.Emphasiswillthereforebeplacedonprovidinganinexpensive,reliabledatacollectionfacilityandflexibilityanalysisprocedures.(c)DiscussionThelong-termseismologicmonitoringprogramwillbedevelopedontheunderstandingthatarrangementswillbemadebyAPAforcontinuedoperationofthesystemandevaluationofdatathroughconstructionoftheSusitnaProjectandbeyond.Appropriatedocumentationandoperatingmanualswillbepreparedforthispurpose.(d)ScheduleWeeks100through1305-96Subtask4.09-Long-termSeismologicMonitoringProgram(a)ObjectiveDevelopalong-termseismologicmonitoringprogramtoprovideacontinuingsourceofseismologicaldataforrefinementoftheseismicdesignaspectsoftheprojectduringthedetaileddesignphase.Basedontheexperiencegainedwiththeshort-termseismologicmoni-toringprogram(Subtask4.02)adetailedprogramoflong-termmoni-toringanddataanalysiswillbedesignedforimplementationpriortothelicenseaward.Thisprogramwillbedesignedtodeterminethebackgroundlevelofseismicactivityonshallowcrustalfaultspertinenttotheevaluationofpossiblereservoir-inducedseismicity.Emphasiswillthereforebeplacedonprovidinganinexpensive,reliabledatacollectionfacilityandflexibilityanalysisprocedures.(c)DiscussionThelong-termseismologicmonitoringprogramwillbedevelopedontheunderstandingthatarrangementswillbemadebyAPAforcontinuedoperationofthesystemandevaluationofdatathroughconstructionoftheSusitnaProjectandbeyond.Appropriatedocumentationandoperatingmanualswillbepreparedforthispurpose.(d)ScheduleWeeks100through1305-96 Subtask4.10-Reservoir-InducedSeismicity(a)ObjectiveTorefinetheestimateforthepotentialforreservoirinducedseismicitymadeinSubtask4.03.(b)ApproachTheaddit-ionalfielddatacollectedinSubtask4.11willbeincorporatedinareassessmentoftheworkdoneinSubtask4.03.(c)ScheduleWeeks83through915-97Subtask4.10-Reservoir-InducedSeismicity(a)ObjectiveTorefinetheestimateforthepotentialforreservoirinducedseismicitymadeinSubtask4.03.(b)ApproachTheaddit-ionalfielddatacollectedinSubtask4.11willbeincorporatedinareassessmentoftheworkdoneinSubtask4.03.(c)ScheduleWeeks83through915-97 Subtask4.11-SeismicGeologyFieldStudies(a)ObjectivesPerformseismicgeologyfieldstudiestoidentifyfaultsthatmaybeactiveandinthevicinityoftheselecteddamsites.Thesedatawillbeusedinthefinalevaluationtoidentifythemaximumcredibleearthquakesoneachfault,andtherecurrenceoffaultingandearthquakesalongeachfault.Theresultsofthissub-taskwillbeusedasinputtoSubtask4.12-EvaluationandReport-ing.PlanningofthefieldstudieswillbebasedontheresultsofSubtask4.05-SeismicGeologyReconnaissanceandofSubtask4.04-".<RemoteSensingImageAnalyses.Wewillalsoensurethatfield.studiesbepursuedatfeaturesthatmayaffectprojectdesignatselecteddamsites.ThesubtaskwillincludethefolloHinginvestigationswhichwillbespecificallydesignedforeachfeaturetobestudied:-geologicmappingatascaleof1:24,000.-trenchingofselectedfeatures-borings-testpits-geophysicalinvestigations-agedating.ComparedtotheworkdoneinSubtask4.05,thegeologicmappingwillincludemoredetai1edQuaternarydata,andbedrockmappingatse1ect-edplacesalongspecificlineamentsandgeologicfeatures(e.g.theSusitnafaultandotherfeaturesthatmaybefault-related).Age-datingstudieswillbeundertakentoaidintheidentificationandcorrelationofgeologicunits.Trenchesexcavatedacrossfeaturesthatmaybefault-related,orboringsoneithersideofthesefeatures,willbeusedtoaidevaluationofthesefeatures.Thetrenching(orboring)siteswillbeselectedduringthegeologicmappingphaseandwillbelocatedinareasconsideredsuitableforassessingthenatureofthefaultsandthedegreeoffaultactivity.Itiscurrentlyanticipatedthatapproximatelythreetrenchingsiteswillbeidentified,withtwotrenchesateachsite;OnesitewillbelocatedalongtheSusitnafault,andanadditionalthreesitesalongotherfeaturesthatarepreliminarilyidentifiedascontrollingfeatures.Duringthecourseofthestudy,geophysicalinvestiga-tions(includingseismicrefractionlinesandgravityormagneticsurveys)willalsobeundertakentoaidinlocatingandevaluatingthefaultsandthenatureofthefaulting.(c)DiscussionAllofthefieldexploratoryworkoutlinedaboveisincorporatedinSubtask5.06.5-98Subtask4.11-SeismicGeologyFieldStudies(a)ObjectivesPerformseismicgeologyfieldstudiestoidentifyfaultsthatmaybeactiveandinthevicinityoftheselecteddamsites.Thesedatawillbeusedinthefinalevaluationtoidentifythemaximumcredibleearthquakesoneachfault,andtherecurrenceoffaultingandearthquakesalongeachfault.Theresultsofthissub-taskwillbeusedasinputtoSubtask4.12-EvaluationandReport-ing.PlanningofthefieldstudieswillbebasedontheresultsofSubtask4.05-SeismicGeologyReconnaissanceandofSubtask4.04-".<RemoteSensingImageAnalyses.Wewillalsoensurethatfield.studiesbepursuedatfeaturesthatmayaffectprojectdesignatselecteddamsites.ThesubtaskwillincludethefolloHinginvestigationswhichwillbespecificallydesignedforeachfeaturetobestudied:-geologicmappingatascaleof1:24,000.-trenchingofselectedfeatures-borings-testpits-geophysicalinvestigations-agedating.ComparedtotheworkdoneinSubtask4.05,thegeologicmappingwillincludemoredetai1edQuaternarydata,andbedrockmappingatse1ect-edplacesalongspecificlineamentsandgeologicfeatures(e.g.theSusitnafaultandotherfeaturesthatmaybefault-related).Age-datingstudieswillbeundertakentoaidintheidentificationandcorrelationofgeologicunits.Trenchesexcavatedacrossfeaturesthatmaybefault-related,orboringsoneithersideofthesefeatures,willbeusedtoaidevaluationofthesefeatures.Thetrenching(orboring)siteswillbeselectedduringthegeologicmappingphaseandwillbelocatedinareasconsideredsuitableforassessingthenatureofthefaultsandthedegreeoffaultactivity.Itiscurrentlyanticipatedthatapproximatelythreetrenchingsiteswillbeidentified,withtwotrenchesateachsite;OnesitewillbelocatedalongtheSusitnafault,andanadditionalthreesitesalongotherfeaturesthatarepreliminarilyidentifiedascontrollingfeatures.Duringthecourseofthestudy,geophysicalinvestiga-tions(includingseismicrefractionlinesandgravityormagneticsurveys)willalsobeundertakentoaidinlocatingandevaluatingthefaultsandthenatureofthefaulting.(c)DiscussionAllofthefieldexploratoryworkoutlinedaboveisincorporatedinSubtask5.06.5-98 Thedataderivedfromthesegeologicstudiesoncontrollingfeatureswillbeevaluatedtoassessthepotentialofthesefeaturesasseismicsources.Thisprocesswillincluderefiningtheestimateofthemaximummagnitudeofanearthquakethatmayoccuralongthefeature,thefrequencyofoccurrenceofseismiceventsalongthefeature,thefocalmechanismoftheevent,thedistancesfromthedamsitesatwhichtheeventmayoccurandthetypeoffaultingandtheamountoffaultdisplacementthatmayoccuronthesefeatures.ThisdatawillformthebasisfordesignvaluesderivedinSubtask4.12.ProductsderivedfromthisSubtaskwillinclude:-Documentation,tabulation,andanassessmentoflineaments,mappedfaults,andepicenterlocationsidentifiedaspotentialcontrollingfeatures,- Amap(scale1:24,000)oftheselectedcontrollingfeaturesinthevicinityofthedamsite,- Ageologicmap(scale1:24,000)andselectedareasalongthecontrollingfeatures,-Trenchlogsorcoredataofexcavationsorboringsundertakentoevaluatethecontrollingfeatures,-Theinterpretationofgeophysicaldatacollectedalongthecontrol-lingfeatures,-Estimatesofthemaximumearthquake,thetypeoffaultingandtheamountofdisplacementthatmayoccurduringthatevent,thedistanceoftheearthquakefromthedamsitesandthefrequencyofoccurrenceofearthquakesofthatmagnitudealongeachcontrollingfeature,-Anevaluationofsignificant,relatedseismiceffectsthatmayoccurinthedamsiteandreservoirarea.(d)ScheduleWeeks64through955-99Thedataderivedfromthesegeologicstudiesoncontrollingfeatureswillbeevaluatedtoassessthepotentialofthesefeaturesasseismicsources.Thisprocesswillincluderefiningtheestimateofthemaximummagnitudeofanearthquakethatmayoccuralongthefeature,thefrequencyofoccurrenceofseismiceventsalongthefeature,thefocalmechanismoftheevent,thedistancesfromthedamsitesatwhichtheeventmayoccurandthetypeoffaultingandtheamountoffaultdisplacementthatmayoccuronthesefeatures.ThisdatawillformthebasisfordesignvaluesderivedinSubtask4.12.ProductsderivedfromthisSubtaskwillinclude:-Documentation,tabulation,andanassessmentoflineaments,mappedfaults,andepicenterlocationsidentifiedaspotentialcontrollingfeatures,- Amap(scale1:24,000)oftheselectedcontrollingfeaturesinthevicinityofthedamsite,- Ageologicmap(scale1:24,000)andselectedareasalongthecontrollingfeatures,-Trenchlogsorcoredataofexcavationsorboringsundertakentoevaluatethecontrollingfeatures,-Theinterpretationofgeophysicaldatacollectedalongthecontrol-lingfeatures,-Estimatesofthemaximumearthquake,thetypeoffaultingandtheamountofdisplacementthatmayoccurduringthatevent,thedistanceoftheearthquakefromthedamsitesandthefrequencyofoccurrenceofearthquakesofthatmagnitudealongeachcontrollingfeature,-Anevaluationofsignificant,relatedseismiceffectsthatmayoccurinthedamsiteandreservoirarea.(d)ScheduleWeeks64through955-99 Subtask4.12-EvaluationandReporting(a)ObjectivesTorefinetheevaluationoftheseismicenvironmentandtheearthquakesourceparametersderivedinSubtask4.06,completethereportingofallthefieldworkandstudiesundertakeninSubtasks4.01,4.05and4.09to4.11,andprovidecoordinationandmanagementtoSubtasks4.09to4.11.(b)ApproachAlltheadditionalfielddatacollectedfortheLong-TermMonitoringProgram-Subtask4.09,Reservoir-InducedSeismicity-Subtask4.10andSesimicGeologyFieldStudies-Subtask4.11willbeutilizedtorefinethepreliminaryevaluationsundertakeninSubtask4.06.ThesamebasicmethodologiesasemployedinSubtask4.06willbeused.Theseismicreviewpanelwillagainbeconvenedduringthissubtask.(c)ScheduleWeeks52through1045-100Subtask4.12-EvaluationandReporting(a)ObjectivesTorefinetheevaluationoftheseismicenvironmentandtheearthquakesourceparametersderivedinSubtask4.06,completethereportingofallthefieldworkandstudiesundertakeninSubtasks4.01,4.05and4.09to4.11,andprovidecoordinationandmanagementtoSubtasks4.09to4.11.(b)ApproachAlltheadditionalfielddatacollectedfortheLong-TermMonitoringProgram-Subtask4.09,Reservoir-InducedSeismicity-Subtask4.10andSesimicGeologyFieldStudies-Subtask4.11willbeutilizedtorefinethepreliminaryevaluationsundertakeninSubtask4.06.ThesamebasicmethodologiesasemployedinSubtask4.06willbeused.Theseismicreviewpanelwillagainbeconvenedduringthissubtask.(c)ScheduleWeeks52through1045-100 Subtask4.13-GroundMotionStudies(a)ObjectivesRefinetheestimateofgroundmotioncharacteristicsmadeinSubtask4.07.(b)ApproachBasedontheadditionalinformationgatheredduringthesecondyearofthestudy,theworkdoneinSubtask4.07willbereviewed,and,ifnecessary,appropriateadjustmentswillbemade.(c)Schedu1eWeeks75through1045-101Subtask4.13-GroundMotionStudies(a)ObjectivesRefinetheestimateofgroundmotioncharacteristicsmadeinSubtask4.07.(b)ApproachBasedontheadditionalinformationgatheredduringthesecondyearofthestudy,theworkdoneinSubtask4.07willbereviewed,and,ifnecessary,appropriateadjustmentswillbemade.(c)Schedu1eWeeks75through1045-101 Subtask4.14-DamStabilityConsultingServices(a)ObjectiveToprovideconsultingassistancetotheAcresdesigngroupengagedinthefeasibilitydesignofthedams.(b)ApproachDuringthefeasibilitydesignstageAcreswillundertakeallthenecessarydynamicanalysesrequiredtocompletethedesignofthedamsunderTask6 -DesignDevelopmentActivities.WCCwillactinageneralconsultancyroleandrespondtospecificquestionsraisedbytheAcres'team.Theseismicreviewpanelwillalsobeconsultedunderthissubtask.(c)ScheduleWeeks85through1205-102Subtask4.14-DamStabilityConsultingServices(a)ObjectiveToprovideconsultingassistancetotheAcresdesigngroupengagedinthefeasibilitydesignofthedams.(b)ApproachDuringthefeasibilitydesignstageAcreswillundertakeallthenecessarydynamicanalysesrequiredtocompletethedesignofthedamsunderTask6 -DesignDevelopmentActivities.WCCwillactinageneralconsultancyroleandrespondtospecificquestionsraisedbytheAcres'team.Theseismicreviewpanelwillalsobeconsultedunderthissubtask.(c)ScheduleWeeks85through1205-102 Subtask4.15-SoilSusceptibilitytoSeismically-InducedFailure(a)ObjectiveIdentifythoseareasalongthetransmissionlineandmajoraccessroadroutesthatappeartobeunderlainbysoilsparticularlysuscep-tibletoseismically-inducedgroundfailuresuchasliquefactionorlandsliding.(b)ApproachTheintentofthissubtaskisnottoprovidedetaileddesign-levelevaluationsofsoilfailurepotential.Ratheritistoidentifythoseareashavingconditionsthatcouldsignificantlyaffectcostsoftransmissionlinesoraccessroadsbyrequiringrerouting,specialdesignsorcontingencymeasures.Thissubtaskwillbeaccomplishedbyareviewofthegeologicmap-ping,soilsdata,topographicdataandestimatedseismicgroundmotions(Subtask4.07)alongtheroutes.Theidentificationoffailure-susceptiblesoilswillbeaccomplishedmainlyonthebasisofexperienceinperformanceofsoildepositsduringearthquakes.Simplifiedanalyticalapproachesandempiricalcorrelationswillbeusedtoaidinassessingthepotentialforliquefactionofunfrozen,saturated,cohesionlesssands.Possibleremedialmeasuresforareasofhighfailurepotentialwillbebrieflydescribed.Theseincludererouting,specialfoundations,soilexcavationand/orfilling.(c)DiscussionTheresultsofthissubtaskwillenableestimatestobemadeofaddi-tionalcostsrequiredfordesignandconstructionoffacilitiesduetoseismicially-inducedsoilfailurepotential.However,iftheconsequencesoffailurearenottoosevere,and/oriftheprobabilityofdamagingearthquakegroundmotionsislow,itmaybeappropriatetoutilizeconventionaldesignsbuttoprovidecontingencyplansandbudgetsforrepairs.Forexample,considerablelateralspreadingandsettlementsofaccessroadsmightbeacceptableconsequencesduringanearthquakebutwouldgenerateadditionalrepaircosttotheproject.InputstothissubtaskwillbeobtainedfromSubtask4.07-GroundMotionStudies,Subtask5.04-FieldProgram80,andSubtask5.06-FieldProgram81.Outputsfromthistaskwillbeutilizedinthedesignandcostingofthesefacilities.Theproductsofthissubtaskare:-Delineationonmapsand/orintabularformofareashavinghighpotentialforseismicallyinducedgroundfailure.Briefdescriptionsofpossibleremedialmeasuresforfacilitiesinareasofhighfailurepotential.(d)ScheduleWeeks83through104(SeePlateT4.1)5-103Subtask4.15-SoilSusceptibilitytoSeismically-InducedFailure(a)ObjectiveIdentifythoseareasalongthetransmissionlineandmajoraccessroadroutesthatappeartobeunderlainbysoilsparticularlysuscep-tibletoseismically-inducedgroundfailuresuchasliquefactionorlandsliding.(b)ApproachTheintentofthissubtaskisnottoprovidedetaileddesign-levelevaluationsofsoilfailurepotential.Ratheritistoidentifythoseareashavingconditionsthatcouldsignificantlyaffectcostsoftransmissionlinesoraccessroadsbyrequiringrerouting,specialdesignsorcontingencymeasures.Thissubtaskwillbeaccomplishedbyareviewofthegeologicmap-ping,soilsdata,topographicdataandestimatedseismicgroundmotions(Subtask4.07)alongtheroutes.Theidentificationoffailure-susceptiblesoilswillbeaccomplishedmainlyonthebasisofexperienceinperformanceofsoildepositsduringearthquakes.Simplifiedanalyticalapproachesandempiricalcorrelationswillbeusedtoaidinassessingthepotentialforliquefactionofunfrozen,saturated,cohesionlesssands.Possibleremedialmeasuresforareasofhighfailurepotentialwillbebrieflydescribed.Theseincludererouting,specialfoundations,soilexcavationand/orfilling.(c)DiscussionTheresultsofthissubtaskwillenableestimatestobemadeofaddi-tionalcostsrequiredfordesignandconstructionoffacilitiesduetoseismicially-inducedsoilfailurepotential.However,iftheconsequencesoffailurearenottoosevere,and/oriftheprobabilityofdamagingearthquakegroundmotionsislow,itmaybeappropriatetoutilizeconventionaldesignsbuttoprovidecontingencyplansandbudgetsforrepairs.Forexample,considerablelateralspreadingandsettlementsofaccessroadsmightbeacceptableconsequencesduringanearthquakebutwouldgenerateadditionalrepaircosttotheproject.InputstothissubtaskwillbeobtainedfromSubtask4.07-GroundMotionStudies,Subtask5.04-FieldProgram80,andSubtask5.06-FieldProgram81.Outputsfromthistaskwillbeutilizedinthedesignandcostingofthesefacilities.Theproductsofthissubtaskare:-Delineationonmapsand/orintabularformofareashavinghighpotentialforseismicallyinducedgroundfailure.Briefdescriptionsofpossibleremedialmeasuresforfacilitiesinareasofhighfailurepotential.(d)ScheduleWeeks83through104(SeePlateT4.1)5-103 CJ1 I.....o "'" ...----~---_. TASK 1980 196\ DESCRIPTION JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JlJL AUG SEP OCT NOV D€C JAN FEll MAR APR MAY ,Jl.Hl JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC 401 DATA flEVIEW _1121--.G 1------------ 4.02 SHOfn TEH M _m _.. i--MOtmORING PROGRAM ........ 4.03,RESERVOIR'INDUCED ......""--I'-..••--........-8 4.10 SEISMICITY -'- 0 :E 4.04 REMOTE SENSING -..(/) W IMAGE ANALYSIS (/) dl >-4.05 SEISMIC GEOLOGY I-......<!>... '3 RECONNAISSANCE 0w <!>4.06,EVAWATION a ~4.12 REPORTING -..........................................-................ :E (/) W (/)4.09 LONG-TERM I--MONITORING PROGRAM 4 II SEISMIC GEOLOGY ...1--.....-Fmo'"fiELD STUDIES REVIEW MEETINGS I-...l-IB ... <!>z 4.07,GROUND MOTIONIi:...I-m1"......~- _.100-f:j 4.13 STUDIES z 0; iii 4.06,DAM STABILITY I--1--Ia--\:!4.14 <t --:> 0 SOILS SUSCEPTIBLE:I:4 15 TO SEISMICALLY-I--.........,.I-B...-0:INDUCED fAILURE;':'. SUSITNA HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT PLAN OF STUDY PLATE T4.1 'TASK 4 SCHEDULE CJ1,.....o "'" ---~---_. TASK 1980 196\ DESCRIPTION JAN FEB MAR APR JUN SEP OCT NOV [)€C FEll APR WAY ,Jl.Hl AUG SEP OCT DECMAYJlJLAUGJANMARJULNOV 401 GATA flEVIEW _1121--.- 1------------ 4.02 SHOfF TEAM --~-...'"1--MOtmORING PROGRAM .... - 4.03,RESERVOIR'INDUCED -..1-'--1--"i--""'''''""....--)-4.10 SEISMICITY8-'- 0 :E 4.04 REMOTE SENSING --(/) W IMAGE ANALYSIS (/) dl )-4.05 SEISMIC GEOLOGY I--...<!>.... '3 RECONNAISSANCE 0w <!>4.06,EVAWATION a ~4.12 REPORTiNG --------------..........--..- ::; (/)w (/)4.09 LONG -TERM Ia-MONITORING PROGRAM 411 SEISMIC GEOLOGY ....1--..-r-....-fiELD STUDIES REVIEW MEETINGS I-.....I-...... <!>z 4.07,GROUND MOTIONi<...t-O!1"-'"~-_.Im-w 4.13 STUDIESwz 0;z '"4.06,DAM STABILITY 10-1--Im--\:!4.14 <t --:> 0 SOILS SUSCEPTIBLE:I:4 IS TO SEISMICALLY-r--1-....--I-B..-0: ;';',INDUCED fAILURE SUSITNA HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT PLAN OF STUDY PLATE T4.1 'TASK 4 SCHEDULE A.5.6-TASK5:GEOTECHNICALEXPLORATION(i)TaskObjectivesTodeterminethesurfaceandsubsurfacegeologyandgeotechnica1conditions forthefeasibilitystudiesoftheproposedSusitnaHydroelectricProject,includingtheaccessroadsandthetransmis-sionlines.(ii)TaskOutputTheTask5studieswillbedesignedtoprovideinputtotheTask6designstudiesandwillprovidesupporttotheTask4studies.TheprimaryoutputsofTask5willconsistofcomprehensivedocumen-tationofgeotechnicalexplorationundertakenattheDevilCanyonandvJatanasites,reservoirs,andaccessroadsandtransmission1ineroutes.Thisdocumentationwillincludethefollowing:-geologicmaps-geologicsections-descriptiveandgraphicboreholelogs-descriptivetesttrenchlogs-fieldinspectionboreholeandtesttrenchlogs-photogeologicmaps-boreholerockcorephotographs-lowlevelairphotointerpretation-seismicandresistivitybedrockprofiles-radarimageryinterpretationmapsgeotechnicalexplorationprogramsummaries(1980,1981,1982)-datasummariesfor--in-holeseismictesting--boreholecamerastudies--laboratorytesting.-geotechnicalexplorationsummaryreports(1980,1981)(iii)ListofSubtasksSubtask5.01-DataCollectionandReviewSubtask5.02-PhotointerpretationSubtask5.03-ExploratoryProgramDesign(1980)Subtask5.04-ExploratoryProgram(1980)Subtask5.05-ExploratoryProgramDesign(1981)Subtask5.06-ExploratoryProgram(1981)Subtask5.07-ExploratoryProgramDesign(1982)Subtask5.08-DataCompilation(iv)SubtaskScopeStatementsForthepurposesofthisPlanofStudy,thegeotechnicalexploratoryprogt'il,msareessentiallydividedintofirst-,second-andthird-yearstages(1980,1981and1982).Exploratoryworktobeundertakenin1982andbeyondisnotincludedinTask5activities.Preparationoftheprogramfor1982isneverthelessincludedontheunderstand-ingthatthe1982programwillbeinitiatedpriortosubmissionoftheFERClicenseapplication,butisnotanessentialprerequisite5-105'A.5.6-TASK5:GEOTECHNICALEXPLORATION(i)TaskObjectivesTodeterminethesurfaceandsubsurfacegeologyandgeotechnica1conditions forthefeasibilitystudiesoftheproposedSusitnaHydroelectricProject,includingtheaccessroadsandthetransmis-sionlines.(ii)TaskOutputTheTask5studieswillbedesignedtoprovideinputtotheTask6designstudiesandwillprovidesupporttotheTask4studies.TheprimaryoutputsofTask5willconsistofcomprehensivedocumen-tationofgeotechnicalexplorationundertakenattheDevilCanyonandvJatanasites,reservoirs,andaccessroadsandtransmission1ineroutes.Thisdocumentationwillincludethefollowing:-geologicmaps-geologicsections-descriptiveandgraphicboreholelogs-descriptivetesttrenchlogs-fieldinspectionboreholeandtesttrenchlogs-photogeologicmaps-boreholerockcorephotographs-lowlevelairphotointerpretation-seismicandresistivitybedrockprofiles-radarimageryinterpretationmapsgeotechnicalexplorationprogramsummaries(1980,1981,1982)-datasummariesfor--in-holeseismictesting--boreholecamerastudies--laboratorytesting.-geotechnicalexplorationsummaryreports(1980,1981)(iii)ListofSubtasksSubtask5.01-DataCollectionandReviewSubtask5.02-PhotointerpretationSubtask5.03-ExploratoryProgramDesign(1980)Subtask5.04-ExploratoryProgram(1980)Subtask5.05-ExploratoryProgramDesign(1981)Subtask5.06-ExploratoryProgram(1981)Subtask5.07-ExploratoryProgramDesign(1982)Subtask5.08-DataCompilation(iv)SubtaskScopeStatementsForthepurposesofthisPlanofStudy,thegeotechnicalexploratoryprogt'il,msareessentiallydividedintofirst-,second-andthird-yearstages(1980,1981and1982).Exploratoryworktobeundertakenin1982andbeyondisnotincludedinTask5activities.Preparationoftheprogramfor1982isneverthelessincludedontheunderstand-ingthatthe1982programwillbeinitiatedpriortosubmissionoftheFERClicenseapplication,butisnotanessentialprerequisite5-105' tothatsubmission.The1980geotechnicalexplorationprogramwillbedesignedtoidentifyandinvestigateinlimiteddetailthosegeologicalandgeotechnicalconditionswhichwillsignificantlyaffectthefeasibilityoftheproposeddamprojects.Limitedpreplanningopportunitiesandclimaticconstraintsaresuchthatinvestigationsin1980willbesomewhatlimitedinscope,andthedatalimitedindetail.Emphasiswillthereforebeplacedonidentifyingandinvestigatingtothemaximumextentthemostadversegeotechnicalconditionsencountered.Theobjectivesofthe1981geotechncialexplorationprogramwillbetoinvestigateinmoredetailthosegeologicalandgeotechnicalconditions,bothgeneralandadverse,whichwillsignificantlyaffectthedesignandconstructionoftheproposeddamprojects.Explorationalongtheroutesselectedfortheaccessroadsandtransmissionlineswillalsobeundertakenin1981.Althoughthescopeoftheexploratoryworkandthedataproducedin1981willstillbesomewhatlimited,theexploratoryprogramwillbedesignedtoestablishwithreasonableconfidencethefeasibilityandtotalcostoftheproject,accessroadsandtransmission1ines.Theexploratoryprogramin1982willbeyetmoredetailed.Thisandsubsequentprogramswillbeaimedatprovidinggreatercertaintyinthedesignofmajordamsandstructureswithaviewtowardsfurtherensuringthesafetyofstructureswhileminimizingpotentialprojectcostoverrunsduetounforeseengeotechnicaldesignconditions.Thegeotechncalexplorationprogramswillbespecificallydesignedtobecomplementarytotheworkalreadycompleted.Thegeotechnicalexplorationprogramsinthefieldwillalsobeseverelyconstrainedbydifficultiesofaccessandmaneuverabilityofequipmentimposedbyweatherconditionsandtherequirementsforenvironmentalpreservation.FullaccounthasbeentakenoftheseconstraintsindevelopingthisPlanofStudy.Adetaileddiscussionoftheindividualsubtasksfollows.ItshouldbestressedthattheexplorationprogramdesignisbasedontheassumptionthatWatanaandDevilCanyonaretheselectedsites.5-106tothatsubmission.The1980geotechnicalexplorationprogramwillbedesignedtoidentifyandinvestigateinlimiteddetailthosegeologicalandgeotechnicalconditionswhichwillsignificantlyaffectthefeasibilityoftheproposeddamprojects.Limitedpreplanningopportunitiesandclimaticconstraintsaresuchthatinvestigationsin1980willbesomewhatlimitedinscope,andthedatalimitedindetail.Emphasiswillthereforebeplacedonidentifyingandinvestigatingtothemaximumextentthemostadversegeotechnicalconditionsencountered.Theobjectivesofthe1981geotechncialexplorationprogramwillbetoinvestigateinmoredetailthosegeologicalandgeotechnicalconditions,bothgeneralandadverse,whichwillsignificantlyaffectthedesignandconstructionoftheproposeddamprojects.Explorationalongtheroutesselectedfortheaccessroadsandtransmissionlineswillalsobeundertakenin1981.Althoughthescopeoftheexploratoryworkandthedataproducedin1981willstillbesomewhatlimited,theexploratoryprogramwillbedesignedtoestablishwithreasonableconfidencethefeasibilityandtotalcostoftheproject,accessroadsandtransmission1ines.Theexploratoryprogramin1982willbeyetmoredetailed.Thisandsubsequentprogramswillbeaimedatprovidinggreatercertaintyinthedesignofmajordamsandstructureswithaviewtowardsfurtherensuringthesafetyofstructureswhileminimizingpotentialprojectcostoverrunsduetounforeseengeotechnicaldesignconditions.Thegeotechncalexplorationprogramswillbespecificallydesignedtobecomplementarytotheworkalreadycompleted.Thegeotechnicalexplorationprogramsinthefieldwillalsobeseverelyconstrainedbydifficultiesofaccessandmaneuverabilityofequipmentimposedbyweatherconditionsandtherequirementsforenvironmentalpreservation.FullaccounthasbeentakenoftheseconstraintsindevelopingthisPlanofStudy.Adetaileddiscussionoftheindividualsubtasksfollows.ItshouldbestressedthattheexplorationprogramdesignisbasedontheassumptionthatWatanaandDevilCanyonaretheselectedsites.5-106 Subtask5.01-DataCollectionandReview(a)ObjectiveCollectandreviewallexistinggeologicalandgeotechnicaldatapertainingtotheSusitnaProjectarea,includingtheaccessroadandtransmissionlinecorridorsandtheSusitnaRiverbasin.(b)ApproachDatatobecollectedatthisstageinclude,butarenotlimitedtothefallowing:previousregionalandsitegeologicalmappingandstudies-publishedorunpublishedgeologicalandgeotechnicaldataandreportsfromfederal,state,academicorprivatesources-airphotosandhighlevelERTSphotosoftheprojectarea,includingtheproposedaccessroadandtransmissionline-geophysicalsurvey,remotesensingandseismicitystudiesanddatapertainingorrelevanttotheprojectAshortfieldvisitwillbemadetotheproposeddamsitesforprelim-inarygeologicintey'pretation.Thiswillassistinmakingthepre-liminarydamsiteanddamalignmentselectionsinTask6.Thisinturnwilldeterminethedesignoftheexploratoryinvestigationprogram.Thedataandresultsofreviewwillbeassembledintoabriefreportwithappropriateappendices.Thesedocumentswillbemadeavailableforsubsequentusebyallprojectdesignandstudygroups.BoreholerockcoresfrompreviousinvestigationswillalsobeexaminedinAnchorage.ContactswillbemadewiththeUniversityofAlaskatogathergeologicandgeotechnicaldata.Acheckwillbemadeformininginterestsintheprojectareas.Datapertainingtogeologicalandgeotechnicalproblemsassociatedwiththeconstructionoflargeembankments,accessroadsandtransmissionlineswillbeco11ected.Discussionswi11beheldwiththeU.SCorpsofEngineersconcerningdetailsofthepastfieldstudies.ThistaskwillbeundertakenbyAcres'Anchoragestaffwithappropri-ateSUPPOy'tfromR&MConsultants.(c)ScheduleWeek0through95-107Subtask5.01-DataCollectionandReview(a)ObjectiveCollectandreviewallexistinggeologicalandgeotechnicaldatapertainingtotheSusitnaProjectarea,includingtheaccessroadandtransmissionlinecorridorsandtheSusitnaRiverbasin.(b)ApproachDatatobecollectedatthisstageinclude,butarenotlimitedtothefallowing:previousregionalandsitegeologicalmappingandstudies-publishedorunpublishedgeologicalandgeotechnicaldataandreportsfromfederal,state,academicorprivatesources-airphotosandhighlevelERTSphotosoftheprojectarea,includingtheproposedaccessroadandtransmissionline-geophysicalsurvey,remotesensingandseismicitystudiesanddatapertainingorrelevanttotheprojectAshortfieldvisitwillbemadetotheproposeddamsitesforprelim-inarygeologicintey'pretation.Thiswillassistinmakingthepre-liminarydamsiteanddamalignmentselectionsinTask6.Thisinturnwilldeterminethedesignoftheexploratoryinvestigationprogram.Thedataandresultsofreviewwillbeassembledintoabriefreportwithappropriateappendices.Thesedocumentswillbemadeavailableforsubsequentusebyallprojectdesignandstudygroups.BoreholerockcoresfrompreviousinvestigationswillalsobeexaminedinAnchorage.ContactswillbemadewiththeUniversityofAlaskatogathergeologicandgeotechnicaldata.Acheckwillbemadeformininginterestsintheprojectareas.Datapertainingtogeologicalandgeotechnicalproblemsassociatedwiththeconstructionoflargeembankments,accessroadsandtransmissionlineswillbeco11ected.Discussionswi11beheldwiththeU.SCorpsofEngineersconcerningdetailsofthepastfieldstudies.ThistaskwillbeundertakenbyAcres'Anchoragestaffwithappropri-ateSUPPOy'tfromR&MConsultants.(c)ScheduleWeek0through95-107 Subtask5.02-Photointerpretation(a)ObjectivePerformairphotointerpretationandterrainanalysisoftheWatanaandDevilCanyondamsiteareas,reservoirareas,constructionmateria1borrowareasandaccessroadandtransmission1inecorridors,andidentifyadversegeologicalfeaturesandgeotechnicalconditionsthatwouldsignficantlyaffectthedesignandconstructionoftheprojectfeatures.(b)ApproachPhotointerpretationwillbebasedonavailableairphotography.obtainedunderSubtask5.01,andnewaerialphotosofalargerscaleobtainedunderTask2forthedamsites,reservoirs,andconstructionmaterialsborrowareas,accessroadandtransmissionlinecorridors.TheinitialphotoanalysisI.illutilizeexistingairphotosobtainedeitherfromprivateorgovernmentsources.Thesephotosarebelievedtobehighlevelandconsequentlysmallscale.Theywill,however,servetoestablishpreliminarysurfacegeology,includinggeomorpho-logy,geologichistory,glacialgeology,lithologyandstratigraphy,structuralgeology,permafrostcharacteristicsandgeohydrologyandengineeringgeology.LandformsI.illbeidentified.Alluvialorglaciofluvialdepositsofprevioussandandgravel,glacialdepositsofimpervioustillandfloodplaindepositsofpoorlydrained,com-pressiblesiltymaterialswillbelocated.Thedistribution,qualityandstratigraphicrelationshipsofrocktypeswillbeidentified.Photoanalysiswillalsobeusedtogenerallydelineateorinferpermafrostareasandburiedchannels.Groundwaterregimeswillalsobestudiedandunstableand/orerodibleslopesidentified.Ashortfieldstudywillinterpretationanalysis.fieldseason(1980).berequiredtoverifythephoto-Thiswillbeperformedearlyinthefirst(c)DiscussionNewairphotosproducedunderTask2willbeavailableattheendofthefirstfieldseason.Theselowlevel,highresolution,largescalephotoswillhavetwopurposes:-preparationofsecondyearexploratoryinvestigationprogram-productionofaccuratetopographicmapsonwhichtobasesubsequentgeologicalmappinganddesignstudies.PhotointerpretationunderthissubtaskwillbeundertakenbyAcres'AnchoragestaffandcloselycoordinatedwiththephotointerpretationworkdonebyWCC(Subtask4.05)inordertoeliminateunnecessaryduplicationofwork.5-108Subtask5.02-Photointerpretation(a)ObjectivePerformairphotointerpretationandterrainanalysisoftheWatanaandDevilCanyondamsiteareas,reservoirareas,constructionmateria1borrowareasandaccessroadandtransmission1inecorridors,andidentifyadversegeologicalfeaturesandgeotechnicalconditionsthatwouldsignficantlyaffectthedesignandconstructionoftheprojectfeatures.(b)ApproachPhotointerpretationwillbebasedonavailableairphotography.obtainedunderSubtask5.01,andnewaerialphotosofalargerscaleobtainedunderTask2forthedamsites,reservoirs,andconstructionmaterialsborrowareas,accessroadandtransmissionlinecorridors.TheinitialphotoanalysisI.illutilizeexistingairphotosobtainedeitherfromprivateorgovernmentsources.Thesephotosarebelievedtobehighlevelandconsequentlysmallscale.Theywill,however,servetoestablishpreliminarysurfacegeology,includinggeomorpho-logy,geologichistory,glacialgeology,lithologyandstratigraphy,structuralgeology,permafrostcharacteristicsandgeohydrologyandengineeringgeology.LandformsI.illbeidentified.Alluvialorglaciofluvialdepositsofprevioussandandgravel,glacialdepositsofimpervioustillandfloodplaindepositsofpoorlydrained,com-pressiblesiltymaterialswillbelocated.Thedistribution,qualityandstratigraphicrelationshipsofrocktypeswillbeidentified.Photoanalysiswillalsobeusedtogenerallydelineateorinferpermafrostareasandburiedchannels.Groundwaterregimeswillalsobestudiedandunstableand/orerodibleslopesidentified.Ashortfieldstudywillinterpretationanalysis.fieldseason(1980).berequiredtoverifythephoto-Thiswillbeperformedearlyinthefirst(c)DiscussionNewairphotosproducedunderTask2willbeavailableattheendofthefirstfieldseason.Theselowlevel,highresolution,largescalephotoswillhavetwopurposes:-preparationofsecondyearexploratoryinvestigationprogram-productionofaccuratetopographicmapsonwhichtobasesubsequentgeologicalmappinganddesignstudies.PhotointerpretationunderthissubtaskwillbeundertakenbyAcres'AnchoragestaffandcloselycoordinatedwiththephotointerpretationworkdonebyWCC(Subtask4.05)inordertoeliminateunnecessaryduplicationofwork.5-108 Theresultsofphotointerpretationwillbedocumentedintheformofbriefsummaryreportsandappendedphotographsandmapstohighlighttheprincipalfindings.(d)ScheduleWeeks5through415-109Theresultsofphotointerpretationwillbedocumentedintheformofbriefsummaryreportsandappendedphotographsandmapstohighlighttheprincipalfindings.(d)ScheduleWeeks5through415-109 Subtask5.03-ExploratoryProgramDesign(1980)(a)ObjectiveDesignthegeotechnicalexploratoryinvestigationprogramsfor1980forWatanaandDevilCanyondamsites,damconstructionmaterials,andreservoirareas,andalongtheaccessroadroute.(b)ApproachThedesignofthevariousexploratoryinvestigationswillbebasedontheresultsofthedatacollectionandreviewstudy(Subtask5.01)andtheair-photointerpretationstudy(Subtask5.02).InputfromthepreliminaryaccessroadstudiesunderTask2willalsoberequired.Generally,theseexploratoryinvestigationswillconsistofgeologicmapping,augerdrillingandsampling,testtrenching,seismicandresistivitystudies,airborneradarimagerytechniquesandlaboratorytesting.Incaseswhereenvironmentaldamageisaproblemoraccessibilityispoor,testtrencheswillbereplacedbyshallowaugerdrillingbyhelicopter.Thedesignwillspecifythefollowingdetails:-areatobegeologicallymapped-positionandextentofseismicandresistivitylines-areastobeinvestigatedbyairborneradarimagerytechniques-typesandnumbersoflaboratorytests.Investigationsforaccessroadswillbeconfinedtogeologicmappingandradarimagery.TableA5.4andA5.5detailthetypeandextentofinvestigationsandlaboratorytestingthatarecurrentlyproposedelsewhere.Thedesignoftheexploratoryinvestigationswillbeflexibleenoughtopermitchangesduringtheexecutionofthework.Thesechangeswillbecomeevidentasthefieldstudiesproceed.(c)DiscussionWorkunderthissubtaskwillbeperformedbyAcres'AnchoragestaffwithsupportinlogisticalplanningprovidedbyR&MandcloseliaisonwithWCC.Inthedesignoftheexploratoryinvestigations,fulladvantagewillbetakenoftheextensiveinvestigationspreviouslyundertaken.Theseincludedrilling,testpitting,geologicmappingandseismicsurveysbytheUSCorpsofEngineersatWatanadamsite,andthedrillinginvestigationsandseismicstudiesatDevilCanyonbytheUSCorpsofEngineersandtheUSBureauofReclamation.-WatanaSiteAttheWatanadamsitearea,17boreholeshavebeendrilledforatotalof3,340feetand11boreholeshavebeendrilled,totalling1,815feetintherightbankspillwayandburiedchannelarea.Reconnaissancereservoirmappingandfaultmappinghasbeenper-formedbyKachadoorian.Atotalof19augeranddiamonddrill5-110Subtask5.03-ExploratoryProgramDesign(1980)(a)ObjectiveDesignthegeotechnicalexploratoryinvestigationprogramsfor1980forWatanaandDevilCanyondamsites,damconstructionmaterials,andreservoirareas,andalongtheaccessroadroute.(b)ApproachThedesignofthevariousexploratoryinvestigationswillbebasedontheresultsofthedatacollectionandreviewstudy(Subtask5.01)andtheair-photointerpretationstudy(Subtask5.02).InputfromthepreliminaryaccessroadstudiesunderTask2willalsoberequired.Generally,theseexploratoryinvestigationswillconsistofgeologicmapping,augerdrillingandsampling,testtrenching,seismicandresistivitystudies,airborneradarimagerytechniquesandlaboratorytesting.Incaseswhereenvironmentaldamageisaproblemoraccessibilityispoor,testtrencheswillbereplacedbyshallowaugerdrillingbyhelicopter.Thedesignwillspecifythefollowingdetails:-areatobegeologicallymapped-positionandextentofseismicandresistivitylines-areastobeinvestigatedbyairborneradarimagerytechniques-typesandnumbersoflaboratorytests.Investigationsforaccessroadswillbeconfinedtogeologicmappingandradarimagery.TableA5.4andA5.5detailthetypeandextentofinvestigationsandlaboratorytestingthatarecurrentlyproposedelsewhere.Thedesignoftheexploratoryinvestigationswillbeflexibleenoughtopermitchangesduringtheexecutionofthework.Thesechangeswillbecomeevidentasthefieldstudiesproceed.(c)DiscussionWorkunderthissubtaskwillbeperformedbyAcres'AnchoragestaffwithsupportinlogisticalplanningprovidedbyR&MandcloseliaisonwithWCC.Inthedesignoftheexploratoryinvestigations,fulladvantagewillbetakenoftheextensiveinvestigationspreviouslyundertaken.Theseincludedrilling,testpitting,geologicmappingandseismicsurveysbytheUSCorpsofEngineersatWatanadamsite,andthedrillinginvestigationsandseismicstudiesatDevilCanyonbytheUSCorpsofEngineersandtheUSBureauofReclamation.-WatanaSiteAttheWatanadamsitearea,17boreholeshavebeendrilledforatotalof3,340feetand11boreholeshavebeendrilled,totalling1,815feetintherightbankspillwayandburiedchannelarea.Reconnaissancereservoirmappingandfaultmappinghasbeenper-formedbyKachadoorian.Atotalof19augeranddiamonddrill5-110 TABLE A5.4 PROPOSED GEOTECHNICAL EXPLORATORY PROGRAM -1980 Area Exploration PRUJEC I S I RUC I [J]{ES/fALIL1I 11:.S uevll canyi:m Uillfi&KeserVOlr watan,CLTillfi &ReserVOll' Darnsite Geologic Mapping Geophysical (seismic and resistivity) yes 3 -900 ft.lines at buried channel site 3 -Oblique 450 ft.lines across river channel 2 -1,000 ft.lines on right abutment 1 - 2 - yes 5,000 ft.1i ne at proposed spillway site Oblique 1,500 ft.lines across river within upstream port i on of darn Diamond Drilling Airborne radar imagery 1000 ft.600 ft. +3,500 ft.at right and left abutment +4,000 ft.at right and left and saddl e dam site abutments 01 I............ Dam Con- struction Materi als Reservoir Basin Geologic Mapping Portable Auger Drilling Geophysical (seismic and resistivlty) Test Trenches Airborne Radar Imagery Geologic Mapping Portable Auger Drilling Geophysical (seismic) Diamond Drilling Airborne Radar Imagery One established and two new borrow weu yes 20 -10 ft.deep holes in the two proposed borrow areas 2 -1,000 ft.lines in the two pro- posed borrow areas 30 trenches in the three borrow areas 6 -1,000 ft.lines in the three borrow areas yes 10 -10 ft.deep holes 2,000 ft. 100 ft. 10,000 ft. Four estab 1i shed and two new borrow areas yes 20 -10 ft.deep holes in the two proposed borrow areas 2 -1,000 ft.lines in the two proposed borrow areas 30 trenches in threen of borrow areas 8 -1,000 ft.lines.in four of the borrow areas yes 10 -10 ft.deep holes 6,000 ft.at site of right bank relict channel 100 ft. 20,000 ft. TABLE A5.4 PROPOSED GEOTECHNICAL EXPLORATORY PROGRAM -1980 Area Exploration PROJECI SIROCIORES}FACILIIIES DeV11 Canyon Dam &ReserVOlr watana Dam &Reservolr Damsite Geologic Mapping Geophysical (seismic and resistivity) yes 3 -900 ft.1i nes at buri ed channel site 3 -Oblique 450 ft.lines across river channe 1 2 -1,000 ft.lines on right abutment yes 1 -5,000 ft.1i ne at proposed spillway site 2 -Oblique 1,500 ft.lines across river within upstream port i on of dam Diamond Drilling Airborne radar imagery 1000 ft.600 ft. +3,500 ft.at right and left abutment +4,000 ft.at right and left and saddl e dam site abutments 01 I............ Dam Con- struction Materi als Reservoir Basin Geologic Mapping Portable Auger Drilling Geophysical (seismic and resistivlty) Test Trenches Airborne Radar Imagery Geologic Mapping Portable Auger Drilling Geophysical (seismic) Diamond Drilling Airborne Radar Imagery One established and two new borrow areas yes 20 -10 ft.deep holes in the two proposed borrow areas 2 -1,000 ft.lines in the two pro- posed borrow areas 30 trenches in the three borrow areas 6 -1,000 ft.lines in the three borrow areas yes 10 -10 ft.deep holes 2,000 ft. 100 ft. 10,000 ft. Four estab 1i shed and two new borrow areas yes 20 -10 ft.deep holes in the two proposed borrow areas 2 -1,000 ft.lines in the two proposed borrow areas 30 trenches in threen of borrow areas 8 -1,000 ft.lines.in four of the borrow areas yes 10 -10 ft.deep holes 6,000 ft.at site of right bank relict channel 100 ft. 20,000 ft. TABLE AS.S PROPOSED GEOTECHNICAL EXPLORATORY PROGRAM -1981 Type of Exploration Devl I Canyon Dam &Reservolr Watana Dam &Reservolr Other PUWER ~IRU~IURE~IFACILIIIES yes 4 holes in right abutment (power- house and dam) 4 holes in left abutment Isadd1e dam and diversion tunne ) 3 holes in riverbed* 1500 ft. 1500 ft. 15 trenches Three borrow areas from 1980 program plus two new areas 10 -30 ft.deep he1es 10 -50 ft.deep holes in ofive borrow areas 30 trenches in two new areas deep ho les deep holes,1 -20D ft. slope indicator yes 10 -ID ft. 3 -100 ft.IDDD ft. I-200ft. yes 2 holes in relict channel,right abutment 2 holes in right abutment spillway and dam) 2 holes in left abutment (power- house and dam)** IDDD ft. 120D ft.15 trenches 5i x borrow areas from 1980 program pl us two new areas 12 -30 ft.deep he1es 12 -50 ft.deep holes in six borrow areas 30 trenches in two new areas deep holes deep holes,1 -200 ft. slope indicators yes 10 -10 ft. 3 -lOD ft. 1000 ft. 1 -200 ft. Auger Ori 11 ing Diamond Drilling Test Trenching Geologic Mapping PortaBle Auger Drilling Diamond Drilling Geophys ca1/Seismic Reservo r slopel Monitor ng Geologic Mapping Diamond Drilling In-hole Seismic Borehole Camera Test Trenching Reservoir Basin Dam Construction Mater;als Area Damsite <n, ~ ~ N Access Road Route (Approx. 50 miles) Geologic Mapping Airborne Radar Imagery Portable Auger Drilling Hollow Stem AugerlDiamondDrilling ACCESS ROAD yes 10 miles (2D%of 25 -10 ft.deep 15 -50 ft.deep total length) holes holes TABLE AS.S PROPOSED GEOTECHNICAL EXPLORATORY PROGRAM -1981 Devl I Canyon Dam &Reservolr Watana Dam &Reservolr POWER SIROCIORESJFACILIIIES yes 4 holes in right abutment (power- house and dam) 4 holes in left abutment Isadd1e dam and diversion tunne ) 3 holes in riverbed* 1500 ft. 1500 ft. 15 trenches Three borrow areas from 1980 program plus two new areas 10 -30 ft.deep holes 10 -50 ft.deep holes in ofive borrow areas 30 trenches in two new areas Other deep ho les deep holes,1 -20D ft. slope indicator yes 10 -ID ft. 3 -100 ft. 1DDD ft. 1-200ft. yes 2 holes in relict channel,right abutment 2 holes in right abutment spillway and dam) 2 holes in left abutment (power- house and dam)** 1DDD ft. 120D ft. 15 trenches 5i x borrow areas from 1980 program pl us two new areas 12 -30 ft.deep holes 12 -50 ft.deep holes in six borrow areas 30 trenches in two new areas deep holes deep holes,1 -200 ft. slope indicators yes 10 -10 ft. 3 -lOD ft. 1000 ft. 1 -200 ft. Auger Ori 11 ing Diamond Drilling Test Trenching Geologic Mapping PortaBle Auger Drilling Diamond Drilling Geophysical/Seismic Reservoir slopel Monitoring In-hole Seismic Borehole Camera Test Trenching Type of Exploration Geologic Mapping Diamond Drilling Reservoir Basin Dam Construction Mater;als Area Damsite Access Road Route (Approx. 50 miles) Geologic Mapping Airborne Radar Imagery Portable Auger Drilling Hollow Stem Augerl Diamond Drilling ACCESS ROAD yes 10 miles (2D%of 25 -10 ft.deep 15 -50 ft.deep total length) holes holes holesand26testpitshavebeenmadeintheconstructionmaterialareas.Atotalof69,600feetofseismicsurveyshasalsobeencompleted.TheseinvestigationshavetentativelyshowntheWatanasitetobesuitableforanearthandrock-filldam.Thedamfoundationcontainssmallshearzonesbutnomajorshearzoneshavebeenfound.Constructionmaterialsappeartobeavailableandsuitable.AlthoughtheimportantSusitnafaulttraversesthereservoir,noactivefaultshaveasyetbeenproveninthereservoir.TherehasbeenasuggestionthattheTsusenaCreekalignmentdownstreamofthedammayrepresentdiscontinuityofsomekind.Discontinuouspermafrostexistslocally.Overburdendepthintheriverbedatthesiteappearstobelessthan80feet.Adeepburiedandpotentiallyleakychannelexistsintherightabutment.FurtherstudiesatWatanaarerequiredtoprovetheabsenceofmajorfaultsintheriverbedandintheabutments,todelineatepermafrostzonesandidentifyitscharacteristics,provetheavailabilityandsuitabilityoftheconstructionmaterials,confirmgoodqualityrockinthespillwayandpowerhouseareaanddefinetheburiedchannelandidentifyitsgeohydrologicproperties.-DevilCanyonSiteAttheDevilCanyondamsite,13boreholestotalling1,350feethavebeendrilledinthedamareaandanothereightboreholestotalling735feethavebeendrilledintheleftabutmentburiedchannelarea.Nineteentesttrencheshavebeenexcavatedinpotentialborrowareas.Atotalof3,300feetofseismicsurveyshavebeenperformed.AlthoughtherehasbeenlittlegeologicmappingoftheabutmentsatDevilCanyon,theinvestigationshaveshownthissitetobesuitableforaconcretegravitystructure.Majorshearzoneshavenotbeenfoundinthedamfoundationareabutminorshearzonesarepresent.Althoughnoactivefaultshavebeenfoundinthereservoir,adeepburiedchannelexistsintheleftabutment.Somepotentialconstructionmaterialareashavebeenidentified.FurtherstudiesatDevilCanyonarerequiredtoprovetheabsenceofmajorfaultingintheriverbedandabutmentsoractivefaultsinthereservoir.Studiesarealsoneededtodeterminethesitegeologyinmoredetail,todelineateandevaluatetheleftabutmentburiedchannelandtoprovetheavailabilityandsuitabilityofconstructionmaterials.(rJ)ScheduleWeeks12through205-113holesand26testpitshavebeenmadeintheconstructionmaterialareas.Atotalof69,600feetofseismicsurveyshasalsobeencompleted.TheseinvestigationshavetentativelyshowntheWatanasitetobesuitableforanearthandrock-filldam.Thedamfoundationcontainssmallshearzonesbutnomajorshearzoneshavebeenfound.Constructionmaterialsappeartobeavailableandsuitable.AlthoughtheimportantSusitnafaulttraversesthereservoir,noactivefaultshaveasyetbeenproveninthereservoir.TherehasbeenasuggestionthattheTsusenaCreekalignmentdownstreamofthedammayrepresentdiscontinuityofsomekind.Discontinuouspermafrostexistslocally.Overburdendepthintheriverbedatthesiteappearstobelessthan80feet.Adeepburiedandpotentiallyleakychannelexistsintherightabutment.FurtherstudiesatWatanaarerequiredtoprovetheabsenceofmajorfaultsintheriverbedandintheabutments,todelineatepermafrostzonesandidentifyitscharacteristics,provetheavailabilityandsuitabilityoftheconstructionmaterials,confirmgoodqualityrockinthespillwayandpowerhouseareaanddefinetheburiedchannelandidentifyitsgeohydrologicproperties.-DevilCanyonSiteAttheDevilCanyondamsite,13boreholestotalling1,350feethavebeendrilledinthedamareaandanothereightboreholestotalling735feethavebeendrilledintheleftabutmentburiedchannelarea.Nineteentesttrencheshavebeenexcavatedinpotentialborrowareas.Atotalof3,300feetofseismicsurveyshavebeenperformed.AlthoughtherehasbeenlittlegeologicmappingoftheabutmentsatDevilCanyon,theinvestigationshaveshownthissitetobesuitableforaconcretegravitystructure.Majorshearzoneshavenotbeenfoundinthedamfoundationareabutminorshearzonesarepresent.Althoughnoactivefaultshavebeenfoundinthereservoir,adeepburiedchannelexistsintheleftabutment.Somepotentialconstructionmaterialareashavebeenidentified.FurtherstudiesatDevilCanyonarerequiredtoprovetheabsenceofmajorfaultingintheriverbedandabutmentsoractivefaultsinthereservoir.Studiesarealsoneededtodeterminethesitegeologyinmoredetail,todelineateandevaluatetheleftabutmentburiedchannelandtoprovetheavailabilityandsuitabilityofconstructionmaterials.(rJ)ScheduleWeeks12through205-113 Subtask5.04-ExploratoryProgram(1980)(a)ObjectivePerforminitialsurfaceandsubsurfaceinvestigationsatWatanaandDevilCanyonsitesandreservoirareasandaccessroadroutestoestablishgeneralandspecificgeologicalandfoundationconditions.(b)ApproachTheprogramwillessentiallybedesignedto-obtainmoredetailsonthesurfaceandsubsurfacegeologyandfoundationconditionsattheWatanaandDevilCanyondamsites.-completethepreliminaryevaluationoftheavailabilityandsuitabilityofthevariousconstructionmaterialsrequired,i.e.fineandcoarseaggregate,fineandcoarserockfill,imperviousearthfill,perviousandsemiperviousgranularfillandriprap.-determinethesurfacegeologyandgeotechnicalconditionsinlimiteddetailtotheWatanaandDevilCanyonreservoirareas.-providepreliminarygeologicassessmentsoftheproposedaccessroadroutes.FieldworkprogramswillgenerallybedesignedbyAcres'AnchorageofficepersonnelwithinputfromtheBuffalodesigngroupasneeded.SeismologicinputwillbeprovidedbyWCCandlogisticalsupportbyR&M.AllfieldoperationswillbeperformedbyR&MwithappropriatetechnicalinspectionandsupervisionbyAcresandtoalesserextenttheWCCstaff.(c)DamsitesTheproposedexploratoryinvestigationswillsupplementpreviousworkinestablishinggeneralandspecificsurfaceandsubsurfacegeologicandfoundationconditionsattheDevilCanyonandWatanadamsiteareas.Theinvestigationswi11comprisegeologicmapping,diamonddri11ing,geophysical,seismicandresistivitystudiesandairborneradarimagery,tosubstantiateandaugmenttheavailableinformationon-depth,distribution,type,stratigraphyandpropertiesofover-burden-distribution,type,quality,degreeofweatheringandpermeabilityofbedrock-location,orientation,Width,continuity,fillingcharacteristicsandcapabilityofmajordiscontinuitiesinbedrocksuchasfaults5-114Subtask5.04-ExploratoryProgram(1980)(a)ObjectivePerforminitialsurfaceandsubsurfaceinvestigationsatWatanaandDevilCanyonsitesandreservoirareasandaccessroadroutestoestablishgeneralandspecificgeologicalandfoundationconditions.(b)ApproachTheprogramwillessentiallybedesignedto-obtainmoredetailsonthesurfaceandsubsurfacegeologyandfoundationconditionsattheWatanaandDevilCanyondamsites.-completethepreliminaryevaluationoftheavailabilityandsuitabilityofthevariousconstructionmaterialsrequired,i.e.fineandcoarseaggregate,fineandcoarserockfill,imperviousearthfill,perviousandsemiperviousgranularfillandriprap.-determinethesurfacegeologyandgeotechnicalconditionsinlimiteddetailtotheWatanaandDevilCanyonreservoirareas.-providepreliminarygeologicassessmentsoftheproposedaccessroadroutes.FieldworkprogramswillgenerallybedesignedbyAcres'AnchorageofficepersonnelwithinputfromtheBuffalodesigngroupasneeded.SeismologicinputwillbeprovidedbyWCCandlogisticalsupportbyR&M.AllfieldoperationswillbeperformedbyR&MwithappropriatetechnicalinspectionandsupervisionbyAcresandtoalesserextenttheWCCstaff.(c)DamsitesTheproposedexploratoryinvestigationswillsupplementpreviousworkinestablishinggeneralandspecificsurfaceandsubsurfacegeologicandfoundationconditionsattheDevilCanyonandWatanadamsiteareas.Theinvestigationswi11comprisegeologicmapping,diamonddri11ing,geophysical,seismicandresistivitystudiesandairborneradarimagery,tosubstantiateandaugmenttheavailableinformationon-depth,distribution,type,stratigraphyandpropertiesofover-burden-distribution,type,quality,degreeofweatheringandpermeabilityofbedrock-location,orientation,Width,continuity,fillingcharacteristicsandcapabilityofmajordiscontinuitiesinbedrocksuchasfaults5-114 orientation,frequency,opening,continuityandfillingofjointsinbedrock-permafrostcharacteristicsincludinglocation,temperatureprofileandsoi1type-groundwaterregimeEmphasiswillbeplacedonlocatingandstudyingadversegeologicalfeatures.Suchfeatureswillincludefaults,excessivedepthsofoverburdeninriverbedsandburiedchannels~ihichwillsignficantlyeffectthedesignandcostofadamprojectatagivensite.ThegeologicmappingatWatanaandDevilCanyondamsiteswillbeundertakentosupplementandverifythepreviousgeologicalmappingcarriedoutbytheU.S.CorpsofEngineersandtheU.S.GeologicalSurvey(Kachadoorian).Thephotointerpretation(Subtask5.02)willbecheckedinthefield,andadversegeologicfeaturesandconditionssuggestedinthephotointerpretationwillbeinvestigatedontheground.Thegeologicmappingwillutilizethemostrecenttopographicmaps.Aerialphotosandsurveylinesnormaltotheriverwillbeusedasreferenceinthefield.ThegeologicmappingwillbeperformedprimarilybyAcres'AnchorageofficepersonnelwithassistancefromR&M.Geophysicalseismicrefractionandresistivitystudieswillbecarriedoutprimarilytodeterminebedrockdepthindeepoverburdenareassuchasburiedrelictchannelsandtheriverbedarea.Thisworkwillbedoneatbothdamsites.Seismicworkcanbemisleadinginpermafrostregimesandresistivityprovidesareasonablealternative.Bedrockdepthprofileswillbepreparedfromthesestudies.Airborneradarimagerywi11beusedtodelineatetheareasofpermafrost.Thegeophysicalwork,includingtheinterpretation,willbeundertakenbyR&M,withreviewandliaisonbyAcres'Anchorageofficepersonnel.(d)ConstructionMaterialsTheexploratoryinvestigationsforconstructionmaterialswillcomprisegeologicalmapping,portableaugerdrilling,geophysicalseismicandresistivitystudies,testtrenchingandlaboratorytesting.Thegeologicmapping,drilling,trenchingandgeophysicalworkwillgenerallybeusedtoestablishthelimits,depth,stratigraphy,typeandpropertiesoftheborrowmaterials.Thelimits,typeandproper-tiesofpotentialquarryrockwillbesimilarlydetermined.TheexplorationswillalsoservetoverifythephotointerpretationandpreviousstudiesbytheCorpsofEngineers.Groundwaterandpermafrostconditionswillbeinvestigatedandextensivesoilsamplingundertaken.Rockoutcropswillbemappedandtesttrenchesexcavatedbysmalltrack-mountedbackhoestoadepthofabout13feet.5-115orientation,frequency,opening,continuityandfillingofjointsinbedrock-permafrostcharacteristicsincludinglocation,temperatureprofileandsoi1type-groundwaterregimeEmphasiswillbeplacedonlocatingandstudyingadversegeologicalfeatures.Suchfeatureswillincludefaults,excessivedepthsofoverburdeninriverbedsandburiedchannels~ihichwillsignficantlyeffectthedesignandcostofadamprojectatagivensite.ThegeologicmappingatWatanaandDevilCanyondamsiteswillbeundertakentosupplementandverifythepreviousgeologicalmappingcarriedoutbytheU.S.CorpsofEngineersandtheU.S.GeologicalSurvey(Kachadoorian).Thephotointerpretation(Subtask5.02)willbecheckedinthefield,andadversegeologicfeaturesandconditionssuggestedinthephotointerpretationwillbeinvestigatedontheground.Thegeologicmappingwillutilizethemostrecenttopographicmaps.Aerialphotosandsurveylinesnormaltotheriverwillbeusedasreferenceinthefield.ThegeologicmappingwillbeperformedprimarilybyAcres'AnchorageofficepersonnelwithassistancefromR&M.Geophysicalseismicrefractionandresistivitystudieswillbecarriedoutprimarilytodeterminebedrockdepthindeepoverburdenareassuchasburiedrelictchannelsandtheriverbedarea.Thisworkwillbedoneatbothdamsites.Seismicworkcanbemisleadinginpermafrostregimesandresistivityprovidesareasonablealternative.Bedrockdepthprofileswillbepreparedfromthesestudies.Airborneradarimagerywi11beusedtodelineatetheareasofpermafrost.Thegeophysicalwork,includingtheinterpretation,willbeundertakenbyR&M,withreviewandliaisonbyAcres'Anchorageofficepersonnel.(d)ConstructionMaterialsTheexploratoryinvestigationsforconstructionmaterialswillcomprisegeologicalmapping,portableaugerdrilling,geophysicalseismicandresistivitystudies,testtrenchingandlaboratorytesting.Thegeologicmapping,drilling,trenchingandgeophysicalworkwillgenerallybeusedtoestablishthelimits,depth,stratigraphy,typeandpropertiesoftheborrowmaterials.Thelimits,typeandproper-tiesofpotentialquarryrockwillbesimilarlydetermined.TheexplorationswillalsoservetoverifythephotointerpretationandpreviousstudiesbytheCorpsofEngineers.Groundwaterandpermafrostconditionswillbeinvestigatedandextensivesoilsamplingundertaken.Rockoutcropswillbemappedandtesttrenchesexcavatedbysmalltrack-mountedbackhoestoadepthofabout13feet.5-115 Geophysicaltechniquessuchasseismicrefractionandresistivitywillbeusedtoprovethedepthofthepotentialborrowmaterialsandthegroundwaterdepth.Airborneradarimageryorlowsunangleairphotoswillbeusedtoassistinidentifyingthepermafrostareas.Amoderateamountoflaboratorytestingoftheborrowmaterialwillbeconductedatthisstage.Thetestingwillcompriseroutinesoilidentificationtestsincludingunitweight, moisturecontent,consis-tency,Atterberglimitsandgradation.StandardProctorcompactiontestswillalsobeperformedonperviousandimperviousmaterialandpermeabilityofcompactedimperviousmaterialsassessed.Somedynamicshearstrengthtestsunderhighconfiningpressureswillalsobeperformedonimperviousandperviousmaterials.Potentialconcreteaggregatesampleswillbetestedforsodiumsulfatesoundness,acidityandLosAngelesabrasioncharacter-istics.AllfieldexplorationworkunderthissubtaskwillbeundertakenbyR&M.LaboratorytestingonborrowmaterialwillbeperformedbyR&MwithsomeassistancefromWCC•Designliaison,supervisionandreviewwillbeprovidedbyAcres'Anchorageofficepersonnel.(e)ReservoirAreasTheexploratoryinvestigationstobecarriedoutforthereservoirareaswillincludegeologicmapping,portableaugerdrillingandgeophysicalseismicrefractionsurveys.Theprimaryaimwillbetomapthosegeologicalfeaturesandgeotech-nicalconditionsinthereservoirareawhichmayseriouslyaffectthereservoirperformance.Suchfeaturesmayincludepreviousburiedchannelsorfaultsinthereservoirrimwhichmayjeopardizethereservoirwatertightness,faultswhichmaybeactivatedunderreser-voirimpoundingandnaturalslopeswhichmaybecomeunstableorerodiblewithreservoirimpoundingorreservoirdrawdown.Thegeologicmappingwillbeonareconnaissancescale.Theair-photointerpretation(Subtask5.02)willbecheckedonthegroundandspecificadversefeaturessuggestedinthephotointerpretationwillbeinvestigated.Thedistribution,typeandpropertiesofoverburdenandbedrockmaterialswillbecheckedagainstthephotointerpreta-tion.Portableaugerdri11swi11beusedtodri11shallowholestoassistinestablishingthesubsurfacegeologyandgeologichistory.Lowsunangleairphotosorairborneradarimagerytechniqueswillbeutilizedtohelpdelineategeneralpermafrostareaswhichmaycauseunstableslopesoncethereservoirisimpounded.Specifictestareaswillbeidentifiedinwhichaugerboringsuti]izingamodifiedCRRELcorebarrelwillbeusedtosamplepermafrost.Thermalprobeswillbeinstalledintheholestodeterminetemperatureprofiles.5-116Geophysicaltechniquessuchasseismicrefractionandresistivitywillbeusedtoprovethedepthofthepotentialborrowmaterialsandthegroundwaterdepth.Airborneradarimageryorlowsunangleairphotoswillbeusedtoassistinidentifyingthepermafrostareas.Amoderateamountoflaboratorytestingoftheborrowmaterialwillbeconductedatthisstage.Thetestingwillcompriseroutinesoilidentificationtestsincludingunitweight, moisturecontent,consis-tency,Atterberglimitsandgradation.StandardProctorcompactiontestswillalsobeperformedonperviousandimperviousmaterialandpermeabilityofcompactedimperviousmaterialsassessed.Somedynamicshearstrengthtestsunderhighconfiningpressureswillalsobeperformedonimperviousandperviousmaterials.Potentialconcreteaggregatesampleswillbetestedforsodiumsulfatesoundness,acidityandLosAngelesabrasioncharacter-istics.AllfieldexplorationworkunderthissubtaskwillbeundertakenbyR&M.LaboratorytestingonborrowmaterialwillbeperformedbyR&MwithsomeassistancefromWCC•Designliaison,supervisionandreviewwillbeprovidedbyAcres'Anchorageofficepersonnel.(e)ReservoirAreasTheexploratoryinvestigationstobecarriedoutforthereservoirareaswillincludegeologicmapping,portableaugerdrillingandgeophysicalseismicrefractionsurveys.Theprimaryaimwillbetomapthosegeologicalfeaturesandgeotech-nicalconditionsinthereservoirareawhichmayseriouslyaffectthereservoirperformance.Suchfeaturesmayincludepreviousburiedchannelsorfaultsinthereservoirrimwhichmayjeopardizethereservoirwatertightness,faultswhichmaybeactivatedunderreser-voirimpoundingandnaturalslopeswhichmaybecomeunstableorerodiblewithreservoirimpoundingorreservoirdrawdown.Thegeologicmappingwillbeonareconnaissancescale.Theair-photointerpretation(Subtask5.02)willbecheckedonthegroundandspecificadversefeaturessuggestedinthephotointerpretationwillbeinvestigated.Thedistribution,typeandpropertiesofoverburdenandbedrockmaterialswillbecheckedagainstthephotointerpreta-tion.Portableaugerdri11swi11beusedtodri11shallowholestoassistinestablishingthesubsurfacegeologyandgeologichistory.Lowsunangleairphotosorairborneradarimagerytechniqueswillbeutilizedtohelpdelineategeneralpermafrostareaswhichmaycauseunstableslopesoncethereservoirisimpounded.Specifictestareaswillbeidentifiedinwhichaugerboringsuti]izingamodifiedCRRELcorebarrelwillbeusedtosamplepermafrost.Thermalprobeswillbeinstalledintheholestodeterminetemperatureprofiles.5-116 Noburiedchannelshavebeenfoundtodateinthereservoirrim.Ifsuchchannelsaresuggestedinthephotointerpretation,geophysicalseismicstudieswillbeinitiatedtodeterminethedepthandnatureoftheoverburdenandchannelwidths.Arelativelyminoramountoflaboratorytestingwillalsobeunder-takeninthisphase.Thiswillcompriseroutinesoilsidentificationtestsonthosesamplestakeninthereservoirstudies.AllfieldandlaboratoryworkundertakenunderthissubtaskwillbeperformedbyR&M.Designliaison,supervisionandreviewwillbeprovidedbyAcres'Anchorageofficepersonnel.(f)ScheduleWeeks20through405-117Noburiedchannelshavebeenfoundtodateinthereservoirrim.Ifsuchchannelsaresuggestedinthephotointerpretation,geophysicalseismicstudieswillbeinitiatedtodeterminethedepthandnatureoftheoverburdenandchannelwidths.Arelativelyminoramountoflaboratorytestingwillalsobeunder-takeninthisphase.Thiswillcompriseroutinesoilsidentificationtestsonthosesamplestakeninthereservoirstudies.AllfieldandlaboratoryworkundertakenunderthissubtaskwillbeperformedbyR&M.Designliaison,supervisionandreviewwillbeprovidedbyAcres'Anchorageofficepersonnel.(f)ScheduleWeeks20through405-117 Subtask5.05-ExploratoryProgramDesign(1981)(a)ObjectiveDesignthegeotechnicalexploratoryinvestigationprogramsfor1981forWatanaandDevilCanyondamsites,damconstructionmaterialsandreservoirareas,andfortheselectedaccessroadandthetransmis-sionlineroutes.(b)ApproachThedesignofthe1981programwillbedeterminedtoalargeextentbytheresultsofthe1980investigationsandotherpreliminarydesignactivitiesinprogress.The1981investigationswillbebymeansofaconfirmationofthe1980programofgeologicmapping,augerdrillingandsampling,testtrenching,seismicandresistivitystudies,airborneradarimagerytechniquesandlaboratorytesting.Inaddition,diamonddrillingandin-holeseismic,boreholecameraandinstrumentationstudieswillbeperformed.Theprogramwillbedesignedtoobtainmoredetailedinformationonthesubsurfacegeologyingeneral,onrockmassdefor-mationproperties,rockmassjointingcharacteristicsandslopemove-ment.Locations,depthsandinclinationsoftheboreholesandmethodsandprioritiesofdrillingwillbedefined,togetherwithidentificationofwhichholeswillbetestedbyin-holeseismicmethodsorstudiedbyboreholecamera.Thedesignoftheexploratoryinvestigationsfortheaccessroadandtransmissionlinewillalsobeperformedinthissubtask.Theaccessroadandtransmissionlinecorridorswilltraverseterrainvaryingfromflat,wetmarshlandandsoftoverburdentodry,slopingrockhillsides.Nofieldinvestigationshavebeenperformedtodateontheaccessroadortransmissionline.Explorationsalongtheselectedtransmissionandaccessroadrouteswillincludedrillingandsampling.Tocomplywithenvironmentalconstraints,itisanticipatedthatthisexplorationwillbeunder-takenusingtrack-mountedhollow-stemaugerdrillrigsduringthewintermonthsofFebruaryand/orMarch.Inwoodedareas,helicoptersupportedaugerrigswi11beusedtopermitaccess.Exploratoryinvestigationsfortheroadwillincludedelineationofareasofpermafrost,unstableslopes,softfoundationsandavailabilityandsuitabilityofconstructionmaterials.Investigationsforthetrans-missionlinewillbesimilarbutwillalsobeplannedtodetermineprobabletowerfoundationconditions.TablesA5.4andA5.5outlinethedetailsoftheproposed1981inves-tigationandtestingprogramascurrentlyanticipated.5-118Subtask5.05-ExploratoryProgramDesign(1981)(a)ObjectiveDesignthegeotechnicalexploratoryinvestigationprogramsfor1981forWatanaandDevilCanyondamsites,damconstructionmaterialsandreservoirareas,andfortheselectedaccessroadandthetransmis-sionlineroutes.(b)ApproachThedesignofthe1981programwillbedeterminedtoalargeextentbytheresultsofthe1980investigationsandotherpreliminarydesignactivitiesinprogress.The1981investigationswillbebymeansofaconfirmationofthe1980programofgeologicmapping,augerdrillingandsampling,testtrenching,seismicandresistivitystudies,airborneradarimagerytechniquesandlaboratorytesting.Inaddition,diamonddrillingandin-holeseismic,boreholecameraandinstrumentationstudieswillbeperformed.Theprogramwillbedesignedtoobtainmoredetailedinformationonthesubsurfacegeologyingeneral,onrockmassdefor-mationproperties,rockmassjointingcharacteristicsandslopemove-ment.Locations,depthsandinclinationsoftheboreholesandmethodsandprioritiesofdrillingwillbedefined,togetherwithidentificationofwhichholeswillbetestedbyin-holeseismicmethodsorstudiedbyboreholecamera.Thedesignoftheexploratoryinvestigationsfortheaccessroadandtransmissionlinewillalsobeperformedinthissubtask.Theaccessroadandtransmissionlinecorridorswilltraverseterrainvaryingfromflat,wetmarshlandandsoftoverburdentodry,slopingrockhillsides.Nofieldinvestigationshavebeenperformedtodateontheaccessroadortransmissionline.Explorationsalongtheselectedtransmissionandaccessroadrouteswillincludedrillingandsampling.Tocomplywithenvironmentalconstraints,itisanticipatedthatthisexplorationwillbeunder-takenusingtrack-mountedhollow-stemaugerdrillrigsduringthewintermonthsofFebruaryand/orMarch.Inwoodedareas,helicoptersupportedaugerrigswi11beusedtopermitaccess.Exploratoryinvestigationsfortheroadwillincludedelineationofareasofpermafrost,unstableslopes,softfoundationsandavailabilityandsuitabilityofconstructionmaterials.Investigationsforthetrans-missionlinewillbesimilarbutwillalsobeplannedtodetermineprobabletowerfoundationconditions.TablesA5.4andA5.5outlinethedetailsoftheproposed1981inves-tigationandtestingprogramascurrentlyanticipated.5-118 Designofthe1981fieldprogramwilltakefullaccountofthecon-straintsnecessarytocomplywithfederalandstatepermitrequirements.(c)DiscussionTheprogramenvisagedatthistimehasbeenbasedonselectionoftheWatanaandDevilCanyonsitesfordevelopment.PreparationoftheprogramdesignwillbecloselycoordinatedwithactivitiesofTasks2,4,6and8.Thiswillensurethatthedataobtainedwillprovidecosteffectiveinputtotheselectedlocationsanddesignsofmajorstructures,particularlythedams.Thefieldexplorationdatawillbeusedtoconfirmorappropriatelymodifytheadopteddesigncriteriaforembankmentconstructionmaterialsandfoundations.Emphasiswillbeplacedonensuringthesafetyofstructuresandtheminimizationofpotentialconstructioncostoverruns.WorkunderthissubtaskwillbeperformedbyAcres'Anchoragestaffwithsupportinlogisticalplanning providedbyR&MandcloseliaisonwithWCCseismicinvestigations.(d)ScheduleWeeks59through705-119Designofthe1981fieldprogramwilltakefullaccountofthecon-straintsnecessarytocomplywithfederalandstatepermitrequirements.(c)DiscussionTheprogramenvisagedatthistimehasbeenbasedonselectionoftheWatanaandDevilCanyonsitesfordevelopment.PreparationoftheprogramdesignwillbecloselycoordinatedwithactivitiesofTasks2,4,6and8.Thiswillensurethatthedataobtainedwillprovidecosteffectiveinputtotheselectedlocationsanddesignsofmajorstructures,particularlythedams.Thefieldexplorationdatawillbeusedtoconfirmorappropriatelymodifytheadopteddesigncriteriaforembankmentconstructionmaterialsandfoundations.Emphasiswillbeplacedonensuringthesafetyofstructuresandtheminimizationofpotentialconstructioncostoverruns.WorkunderthissubtaskwillbeperformedbyAcres'Anchoragestaffwithsupportinlogisticalplanning providedbyR&MandcloseliaisonwithWCCseismicinvestigations.(d)ScheduleWeeks59through705-119 Subtask5.06-ExplorationProgram(1981)(a)ObjectiveCompletesurfaceandsubsurfaceinvestigationsatWatanaandDevilCanyonsites,reservoirareas,accessroadsandtransmissionlineroutestotheextentnecessarytoprovideadequatedatatoconfirmprojectfeasibilityandforsubmissionoftheFERClicenseapplica-tion.(b)DiscussionThisprogramwillessentiallybedesignedto-completetheinvestigationofthesurfaceandsubsurfacegeologyandfoundationconditionsattheWatanaandDevilCanyondamsitetoalevelsufficienttoensuresafetyofdesignofmajorstructuresandfoundationsandreliableprojectconstructioncostestimates.-establishdetailedgeologicalconditionsandgeotechnicalproper-tiesofpotentialconstructionmaterialsourcestoensuretheadequateavailabilityofembankmentfill.-undertakeadetailedevaluationofthegeologicalfeaturesandgeotechnicalconditionsintheWatanaandDevilCanyonreservoirareastoensurethesafetyandintegrityoftheimpoundments.-todeterminethesurfaceandnearsurfacegeologyandfoundationconditionsalongtheselectedaccessroadandtransmissionlineroutestoensuretechnicalandeconomicfeasibilityforsubmissionoftheFERClicenseapplication.FieldworkprogramswillgenerallybedesignedbyAcres'AnchorageOfficepersonnelwithinputfromtheBuffalodesigngroupasneeded.SeismologicinputwillbeprovidedbyWCCandlogisticalsupportbyR&M.AllfieldoperationswillbeperformedbyR&MwithappropriatetechnicalinspectionandsupervisionbyAcresandWCCstaffasnecessary.(c)DamsitesTheproposedexploratoryinvestigationsatthedamsiteswillcomprisegeologicmapping,diamonddrilling,geophysicalin-holeseismictesting,boreholecamerastudies,testtrenchesandlabora-torytesting.Theexploratorymethodsusedinthisprogramwillbeinvolvedincollectingdetailedinformationtoaugmentandcomplementthatobtainedin1980.Thesurfacegeologicalmappingwillbecompleted.Outcropswillbelocatedbysurveyandmappedindetail.Adversegeologicalfeatureswillbefurtherinvestigatedonthesurface.Exp1r""ltorydri11ingwi11beperformedatbothsitesinthevariousstructureareasonbothabutmentsandintheriverbedtodeterminefoundationconditions.DiamonddrillsoftheLongyear34typeor5-120Subtask5.06-ExplorationProgram(1981)(a)ObjectiveCompletesurfaceandsubsurfaceinvestigationsatWatanaandDevilCanyonsites,reservoirareas,accessroadsandtransmissionlineroutestotheextentnecessarytoprovideadequatedatatoconfirmprojectfeasibilityandforsubmissionoftheFERClicenseapplica-tion.(b)DiscussionThisprogramwillessentiallybedesignedto-completetheinvestigationofthesurfaceandsubsurfacegeologyandfoundationconditionsattheWatanaandDevilCanyondamsitetoalevelsufficienttoensuresafetyofdesignofmajorstructuresandfoundationsandreliableprojectconstructioncostestimates.-establishdetailedgeologicalconditionsandgeotechnicalproper-tiesofpotentialconstructionmaterialsourcestoensuretheadequateavailabilityofembankmentfill.-undertakeadetailedevaluationofthegeologicalfeaturesandgeotechnicalconditionsintheWatanaandDevilCanyonreservoirareastoensurethesafetyandintegrityoftheimpoundments.-todeterminethesurfaceandnearsurfacegeologyandfoundationconditionsalongtheselectedaccessroadandtransmissionlineroutestoensuretechnicalandeconomicfeasibilityforsubmissionoftheFERClicenseapplication.FieldworkprogramswillgenerallybedesignedbyAcres'AnchorageOfficepersonnelwithinputfromtheBuffalodesigngroupasneeded.SeismologicinputwillbeprovidedbyWCCandlogisticalsupportbyR&M.AllfieldoperationswillbeperformedbyR&MwithappropriatetechnicalinspectionandsupervisionbyAcresandWCCstaffasnecessary.(c)DamsitesTheproposedexploratoryinvestigationsatthedamsiteswillcomprisegeologicmapping,diamonddrilling,geophysicalin-holeseismictesting,boreholecamerastudies,testtrenchesandlabora-torytesting.Theexploratorymethodsusedinthisprogramwillbeinvolvedincollectingdetailedinformationtoaugmentandcomplementthatobtainedin1980.Thesurfacegeologicalmappingwillbecompleted.Outcropswillbelocatedbysurveyandmappedindetail.Adversegeologicalfeatureswillbefurtherinvestigatedonthesurface.Exp1r""ltorydri11ingwi11beperformedatbothsitesinthevariousstructureareasonbothabutmentsandintheriverbedtodeterminefoundationconditions.DiamonddrillsoftheLongyear34typeor5-120 equivalentwillbeused.Split-spoonandShelbytubesampling,aswellasstandardpenetrationtestswillbeperformedintheoverburden.NX-sizecorewillbedrilledanddouble-tubecorebarrelswillbeemployedformaximumcorerecovery.Someboreholeswillpenetratetoadepthequaltotheheadtoevaluatedeepseatedconditions.Permeabilitytestingwillbeperformedandpiezometerswillbeinstalled.Majordiscontinuitiessuggestedbypreviousdrillingorsurfacemappingwillbefurtherexploredbydrillingandverified.Potentialleakagechannels,thedepthofweatheredrockontheabutmentsandthedepthofoverburdenintheriverbedwillbeprobedbydrilling.Riverbeddrillingateachsitewillbeundertakenduringthewintermonthstotakeadvantageoftheicecover.Drillswillbemovedbyhelicopter.DrillingoperationswillbeperformedbyR&MwithinspectionandreviewbyAcres'Anchorageofficepersonnel.Theevaluationofthefoundationrockconditionswillbefurthersupplementedbyin-holegeophysicaltestingandboreholecamerastudies.Thein-holegeophysicaltestingwhichwillbedonebyR & Mwillprovidearelativemeasureoftherockquality,andmorespecifically,thedeformationmodulus.TheboreholecamerastudieswhichwillbedonebyAcreswillservetoevaluatethein-siturockjointingcharacteristics.Permafrostconditionswillbecloselystudiedwiththeassistanceofthermalprobesinstalledinboreholes.Testtrencheswillbeusedtoassistinthegeologicalmappingprocess.Laboratorytestingwillbecarriedoutforthepurposeofdescribingtheoverburdencharacteristics.Samplesoffoundationoverburdenmaterialwhichmaybeleftinplacebeneaththedamstructurewillalsobetestedforstaticanddynamicshearstrengthunderhighconfiningpressure.Samplesofweak,clay-filledseamsintherockwillbetakenandsubjectedtodirectshearstrengthtesting.Samplesofrockcorewillbesubjectedtosonicvelocityandforunconfineduniaxialcompressivestrengthtests.Laboratorysonicvelocitieswillbecomparedtothefieldin-holegeophysicaltesting.Samples.ofjointedrockalsowillbetestedforfrictionalshearstrengthalongdiscontinuities.MostofthelaboratorytestingwillbeperformedbyR&MwithsomeassistancefromWCCandtechnicalsupervisionbyAcres'Anchorageofficepersonnel.(d)ConstructionMaterialsTheexploratoryinvestigationswillessentiallycomprisediamonddrilling,testtrenchingandlaboratorytesting.Somegeologicmappingandgeophysicalstudieswillalsobeundertaken.Emphasiswillbeplacedonfirmingupthequantityestimatesandprovingthequalityofavailableborrowmaterials.Newborrowareasmayalsobeexplored.Drillingwillbecarriedoutinbothborrowareasandpotentialrockquarries.Split-spoonandShelbytubesamplingandstandardpenetrationtestswillbeperformed.Drillswillbemovedbyhelicopter.DrillingwillbedonebyR&M,withinspectionandreviewbyAcres.5-121equivalentwillbeused.Split-spoonandShelbytubesampling,aswellasstandardpenetrationtestswillbeperformedintheoverburden.NX-sizecorewillbedrilledanddouble-tubecorebarrelswillbeemployedformaximumcorerecovery.Someboreholeswillpenetratetoadepthequaltotheheadtoevaluatedeepseatedconditions.Permeabilitytestingwillbeperformedandpiezometerswillbeinstalled.Majordiscontinuitiessuggestedbypreviousdrillingorsurfacemappingwillbefurtherexploredbydrillingandverified.Potentialleakagechannels,thedepthofweatheredrockontheabutmentsandthedepthofoverburdenintheriverbedwillbeprobedbydrilling.Riverbeddrillingateachsitewillbeundertakenduringthewintermonthstotakeadvantageoftheicecover.Drillswillbemovedbyhelicopter.DrillingoperationswillbeperformedbyR&MwithinspectionandreviewbyAcres'Anchorageofficepersonnel.Theevaluationofthefoundationrockconditionswillbefurthersupplementedbyin-holegeophysicaltestingandboreholecamerastudies.Thein-holegeophysicaltestingwhichwillbedonebyR & Mwillprovidearelativemeasureoftherockquality,andmorespecifically,thedeformationmodulus.TheboreholecamerastudieswhichwillbedonebyAcreswillservetoevaluatethein-siturockjointingcharacteristics.Permafrostconditionswillbecloselystudiedwiththeassistanceofthermalprobesinstalledinboreholes.Testtrencheswillbeusedtoassistinthegeologicalmappingprocess.Laboratorytestingwillbecarriedoutforthepurposeofdescribingtheoverburdencharacteristics.Samplesoffoundationoverburdenmaterialwhichmaybeleftinplacebeneaththedamstructurewillalsobetestedforstaticanddynamicshearstrengthunderhighconfiningpressure.Samplesofweak,clay-filledseamsintherockwillbetakenandsubjectedtodirectshearstrengthtesting.Samplesofrockcorewillbesubjectedtosonicvelocityandforunconfineduniaxialcompressivestrengthtests.Laboratorysonicvelocitieswillbecomparedtothefieldin-holegeophysicaltesting.Samples.ofjointedrockalsowillbetestedforfrictionalshearstrengthalongdiscontinuities.MostofthelaboratorytestingwillbeperformedbyR&MwithsomeassistancefromWCCandtechnicalsupervisionbyAcres'Anchorageofficepersonnel.(d)ConstructionMaterialsTheexploratoryinvestigationswillessentiallycomprisediamonddrilling,testtrenchingandlaboratorytesting.Somegeologicmappingandgeophysicalstudieswillalsobeundertaken.Emphasiswillbeplacedonfirmingupthequantityestimatesandprovingthequalityofavailableborrowmaterials.Newborrowareasmayalsobeexplored.Drillingwillbecarriedoutinbothborrowareasandpotentialrockquarries.Split-spoonandShelbytubesamplingandstandardpenetrationtestswillbeperformed.Drillswillbemovedbyhelicopter.DrillingwillbedonebyR&M,withinspectionandreviewbyAcres.5-121 Aconsiderableamountoflaboratorytestingoftheborrowmaterialsampleswillbeundertakeninadditiontotheroutinesoilidentificationtests,Proctorcompactiontesting,permeabilitytestingandconcreteaggregatetesting,includingstatic,dynamicanddirectshearstrengthtesting.Strengthtestswillconsistofconsolidatedundrainedtestswithporepressuremeasurementsonperviousandimperviousmaterials.Thedynamictestsalsowillbedoneunderhighconfiningpressureandonperviousandimperviousmaterial.Alimitednumberofdirectsheartestsmaybemadeonimperviousmaterials.LaboratorytestingontheborrowmaterialswillbeperformedmainlybyR&MwithassistancefromweeandtechnicalinspectionbyAcres.(e)ReservoirAreasToavoidunnecessaryduplicationofwork,thistaskwillbecloselycoordinatedwiththeweeTask4studies.Theinvestigationstobecarriedcomprisegeologicmapping,augeranddiamonddrilling,seismicrefractionsurveys,reservoirslopemoni-toringandlaboratorytesting.Adversefeaturesidentifiedinthe1980programwillbefurtherexplored.Aminoramountoflaboratorysoilidentificationtestingwillbeundertakenforthereservoirstudies.Thesetestswillprovidedatawhichwillassistinestablishingthegeology.Withtheexceptionofthegeologicmapping,allofthereservoirinvestigationswillbedonebyR&M,withtechnicalsupervisionbyAcres.(f)AccessRoadRoutesTheexploratoryinvestigationsalongtheselectedaccessroadcorri-dorswillcomprisegeologicmappingandairborneradarimagerystudiestoamplifythe1980work.Inaddition,in1981portableaugerandhollow-stemauger,diamonddrillingandlaboratorytestingworkwillbeundertaken.PreliminaryaccessrouteselectionstudieswillbeundertakeninTask2anddetaileddesignsunderTask6.Thefieldinvestigationswillbedesignedtoachieveaminimumlevelgeologicalandgeotechnicalunderstandingoftheconditionsalongtheselectedrouteonarecon-naissancescale.Thiswillpermitanassessmentofthegeneralcon-ditionsaswellasthoseproblemslikelytoaffectthedesignandconstructionoftheaccessroadsignificantly.Feasibilitycostestimateswillthenbefacilitated.Exploratoryinvestigationswillgenerallyconcentrateonthesurfaceandnearsurfacesoilandrockdistribution,typesandproperties,permafrostlimits,groundwaterconditions,potentiallandslideareasandtheavailabilityandsuitabilityofconstructionmaterials.Potentialbridgesiteswillrequiremoredetailedstudiesoftheabutmentfoundationconditions.5-122Aconsiderableamountoflaboratorytestingoftheborrowmaterialsampleswillbeundertakeninadditiontotheroutinesoilidentificationtests,Proctorcompactiontesting,permeabilitytestingandconcreteaggregatetesting,includingstatic,dynamicanddirectshearstrengthtesting.Strengthtestswillconsistofconsolidatedundrainedtestswithporepressuremeasurementsonperviousandimperviousmaterials.Thedynamictestsalsowillbedoneunderhighconfiningpressureandonperviousandimperviousmaterial.Alimitednumberofdirectsheartestsmaybemadeonimperviousmaterials.LaboratorytestingontheborrowmaterialswillbeperformedmainlybyR&MwithassistancefromweeandtechnicalinspectionbyAcres.(e)ReservoirAreasToavoidunnecessaryduplicationofwork,thistaskwillbecloselycoordinatedwiththeweeTask4studies.Theinvestigationstobecarriedcomprisegeologicmapping,augeranddiamonddrilling,seismicrefractionsurveys,reservoirslopemoni-toringandlaboratorytesting.Adversefeaturesidentifiedinthe1980programwillbefurtherexplored.Aminoramountoflaboratorysoilidentificationtestingwillbeundertakenforthereservoirstudies.Thesetestswillprovidedatawhichwillassistinestablishingthegeology.Withtheexceptionofthegeologicmapping,allofthereservoirinvestigationswillbedonebyR&M,withtechnicalsupervisionbyAcres.(f)AccessRoadRoutesTheexploratoryinvestigationsalongtheselectedaccessroadcorri-dorswillcomprisegeologicmappingandairborneradarimagerystudiestoamplifythe1980work.Inaddition,in1981portableaugerandhollow-stemauger,diamonddrillingandlaboratorytestingworkwillbeundertaken.PreliminaryaccessrouteselectionstudieswillbeundertakeninTask2anddetaileddesignsunderTask6.Thefieldinvestigationswillbedesignedtoachieveaminimumlevelgeologicalandgeotechnicalunderstandingoftheconditionsalongtheselectedrouteonarecon-naissancescale.Thiswillpermitanassessmentofthegeneralcon-ditionsaswellasthoseproblemslikelytoaffectthedesignandconstructionoftheaccessroadsignificantly.Feasibilitycostestimateswillthenbefacilitated.Exploratoryinvestigationswillgenerallyconcentrateonthesurfaceandnearsurfacesoilandrockdistribution,typesandproperties,permafrostlimits,groundwaterconditions,potentiallandslideareasandtheavailabilityandsuitabilityofconstructionmaterials.Potentialbridgesiteswillrequiremoredetailedstudiesoftheabutmentfoundationconditions.5-122 Thetypeofinvestigationandscopeofworkforaparticulartypeatagivensitewilldependontheanticipatedfoundationconditions,asdeterminedbyair-photointerpretationandgeologicalinference,andthefoundationrequirements.Thegeneralstudyapproachwillbefirsttoperformthehollow-stemaugerdrillingandsamplingatdesignatedsitesduringthewintermonths.Atrack-mounteddrillcanbestcarryoutthisworkwithleastcostandenvironmentaldamage,exceptinwoodedareasaspreviouslyindicated.Later,inthesnow-freeseason,geologicalmapping,airborneradarimagery,portableaugerdrillingandsamplingwillbedone.Themappingwillestablishthegeneraloverburdenandbedrockgeology(surfacedistribution,typesandproperties)andwillverifythephotointerpretation.Theairborneradarimagerywillbeusedtodelineateareasofpermafrostandfreedraininggranulardeposits.Shallowaugerholeswillprobethenear-surfacegeology.SoilsamplesfromthewinterandsummerdrillingwillbeselectedforroutinelaboratoryidentificationtestsaswellasunconfinedcompressivestrengthtestsandProctorcompactiontests.The1aboratoryworkandmostoftheexploratoryworkwi11beper-formedbyR&MwithgeologicalmappingandtechnicalsupervisionbyAcres'Anchorageofficestaff.(g)TransmissionLineRoutesTheexploratoryinvestigationsalongthetransmissionlinewillcomprisegeologicmapping,airborneradarimagerystudies,portableauger,hollow-stemauger,diamonddri11ingand1aboratorytesting.Themostfeasibletransmission1ineroutewillbeselectedinTask8.Thebasicapproachadoptedtogeotechnicalexplorationswillbesimilartothatfortheaccessroadroute.Theinvestigationswillbeperformedwithspecifictowerfoundationsinmind,i.e.,anchoredfootingsinrock,spreadormatfootingsingranulardeposits,~lesorcaissonsinsiltandclay.Sectionsoftransmissionlineonwell-drained,granulardepositsofrockwillrequirelessdetailedstudy.Detaileddrillingandsampling,how-ever,willbedoneinareasofsoft,compressibleorthaw-unstablefoundations.Vaneshearstrengthtestingwillberequiredinsoftcompressiblefoundations.Inthesepotentialproblemareas,informa-tionwillberequiredonthetype,stratigraphyandpropertiesofthesoilfoundation.Foundationsoftowersatpointsoflinedirectionchangewillrequirespecialattentionduetothemoststringentfoundationrequirements.Foundationsoftowersattheendsoflongspansoronpotentiallyunstableslopeswillalsorequirespecialattention.R&MwillperformthefieldexplorationsandlaboratorytestingwithgeologicmappingandtechnicalsupervisionbyAcres.(h)ScheduleWeeks56through915-123Thetypeofinvestigationandscopeofworkforaparticulartypeatagivensitewilldependontheanticipatedfoundationconditions,asdeterminedbyair-photointerpretationandgeologicalinference,andthefoundationrequirements.Thegeneralstudyapproachwillbefirsttoperformthehollow-stemaugerdrillingandsamplingatdesignatedsitesduringthewintermonths.Atrack-mounteddrillcanbestcarryoutthisworkwithleastcostandenvironmentaldamage,exceptinwoodedareasaspreviouslyindicated.Later,inthesnow-freeseason,geologicalmapping,airborneradarimagery,portableaugerdrillingandsamplingwillbedone.Themappingwillestablishthegeneraloverburdenandbedrockgeology(surfacedistribution,typesandproperties)andwillverifythephotointerpretation.Theairborneradarimagerywillbeusedtodelineateareasofpermafrostandfreedraininggranulardeposits.Shallowaugerholeswillprobethenear-surfacegeology.SoilsamplesfromthewinterandsummerdrillingwillbeselectedforroutinelaboratoryidentificationtestsaswellasunconfinedcompressivestrengthtestsandProctorcompactiontests.The1aboratoryworkandmostoftheexploratoryworkwi11beper-formedbyR&MwithgeologicalmappingandtechnicalsupervisionbyAcres'Anchorageofficestaff.(g)TransmissionLineRoutesTheexploratoryinvestigationsalongthetransmissionlinewillcomprisegeologicmapping,airborneradarimagerystudies,portableauger,hollow-stemauger,diamonddri11ingand1aboratorytesting.Themostfeasibletransmission1ineroutewillbeselectedinTask8.Thebasicapproachadoptedtogeotechnicalexplorationswillbesimilartothatfortheaccessroadroute.Theinvestigationswillbeperformedwithspecifictowerfoundationsinmind,i.e.,anchoredfootingsinrock,spreadormatfootingsingranulardeposits,~lesorcaissonsinsiltandclay.Sectionsoftransmissionlineonwell-drained,granulardepositsofrockwillrequirelessdetailedstudy.Detaileddrillingandsampling,how-ever,willbedoneinareasofsoft,compressibleorthaw-unstablefoundations.Vaneshearstrengthtestingwillberequiredinsoftcompressiblefoundations.Inthesepotentialproblemareas,informa-tionwillberequiredonthetype,stratigraphyandpropertiesofthesoilfoundation.Foundationsoftowersatpointsoflinedirectionchangewillrequirespecialattentionduetothemoststringentfoundationrequirements.Foundationsoftowersattheendsoflongspansoronpotentiallyunstableslopeswillalsorequirespecialattention.R&MwillperformthefieldexplorationsandlaboratorytestingwithgeologicmappingandtechnicalsupervisionbyAcres.(h)ScheduleWeeks56through915-123 Subtask5.07-ExploratoryProgramDesign(1982-1984L(a)ObjectiveDesignofthegeotechnicalexploratoryinvestigationsprogramfor1982-1984toobtainbasicdesigndataforWatanadamsite,damconstructionmaterialsandreservoirarea,andfortheselectedaccessroadandtransmissionlineroutes.(b)ApproachAgreatdealofexploratoryinformationwillhavebeenobtainedpriorto1982andasubstantialamountofsafe,reliable,projectcomponentdesignsundertakenpriortosubmissionoftheFERClicenseapplica-t ion.Althoughthisworkwi11beadequatetoensureprojectfeasi-bilitywithareasonablelevelofconfidence,furtherexploratoryworkisessentialtominimizethepossibilityofunforeseencondi-tionswhichcouldpotentiallyimpactthesafetyandcostofmajorstructures.Thisexploratoryworkwillprovidethenecessaryinputtotheongoingdetaileddesignworkthroughcommencementofprojectconstruction.BasedontheCorp~studiestodate,itiscurrentlyanticipatedthatconstructionoftheWatanadiversionschemewillbethefirstactivitytofollowawardoftheFERClicense.Theadopteddiversionschemewillinturndependtoalargeextentinthelayoutofthemajorprojectcomponents.Itisthereforeanticipatedthatfollo~lingsubmissionoftheFERC1icenseapplicationfortheSusitnaProject,furtherexplorationinvestigationswillbenecessarytofullydetermineindetailallsignificantgeologicandgeotechnicalfactorsaffectingthefollowing:-thediversiontunnelsandcofferdams-thedamandothermajorstructurefoundationtreatmentanddesigns-theavailabilityofadequatesuppliesofcofferdamconstructionmaterials-subsurfacedesignconditionsattheproposedlocationsofunder-groundstructures-thepotentialforgroundinstabilityasaresultoferosionadjacenttodiversiontunnelspillwayandtailracedischarges-thewatertightnessandintegrityofthereservoir-designofaccessroads(c)DiscussionTheextentandschedulingofthisadditionalexploratoryworkwillbeinfluencedtoagreatextentbythefindingsofthe1980and1981programsandthedevelopmentofprojectdesigns.Thissubtaskwillbeundertakeninlate1981andearly1982withaviewtoensuringcon-tinuityofexploratoryworkin1982andbeyond.ThemajorportionofthissubtaskwillbeundertakenbyAcres'AnchorageofficestaffwithappropriateinputandsupportbyWCCandR&M.5-124Subtask5.07-ExploratoryProgramDesign(1982-1984L(a)ObjectiveDesignofthegeotechnicalexploratoryinvestigationsprogramfor1982-1984toobtainbasicdesigndataforWatanadamsite,damconstructionmaterialsandreservoirarea,andfortheselectedaccessroadandtransmissionlineroutes.(b)ApproachAgreatdealofexploratoryinformationwillhavebeenobtainedpriorto1982andasubstantialamountofsafe,reliable,projectcomponentdesignsundertakenpriortosubmissionoftheFERClicenseapplica-t ion.Althoughthisworkwi11beadequatetoensureprojectfeasi-bilitywithareasonablelevelofconfidence,furtherexploratoryworkisessentialtominimizethepossibilityofunforeseencondi-tionswhichcouldpotentiallyimpactthesafetyandcostofmajorstructures.Thisexploratoryworkwillprovidethenecessaryinputtotheongoingdetaileddesignworkthroughcommencementofprojectconstruction.BasedontheCorp~studiestodate,itiscurrentlyanticipatedthatconstructionoftheWatanadiversionschemewillbethefirstactivitytofollowawardoftheFERClicense.Theadopteddiversionschemewillinturndependtoalargeextentinthelayoutofthemajorprojectcomponents.Itisthereforeanticipatedthatfollo~lingsubmissionoftheFERC1icenseapplicationfortheSusitnaProject,furtherexplorationinvestigationswillbenecessarytofullydetermineindetailallsignificantgeologicandgeotechnicalfactorsaffectingthefollowing:-thediversiontunnelsandcofferdams-thedamandothermajorstructurefoundationtreatmentanddesigns-theavailabilityofadequatesuppliesofcofferdamconstructionmaterials-subsurfacedesignconditionsattheproposedlocationsofunder-groundstructures-thepotentialforgroundinstabilityasaresultoferosionadjacenttodiversiontunnelspillwayandtailracedischarges-thewatertightnessandintegrityofthereservoir-designofaccessroads(c)DiscussionTheextentandschedulingofthisadditionalexploratoryworkwillbeinfluencedtoagreatextentbythefindingsofthe1980and1981programsandthedevelopmentofprojectdesigns.Thissubtaskwillbeundertakeninlate1981andearly1982withaviewtoensuringcon-tinuityofexploratoryworkin1982andbeyond.ThemajorportionofthissubtaskwillbeundertakenbyAcres'AnchorageofficestaffwithappropriateinputandsupportbyWCCandR&M.5-124 Theschedulingofthe1982-1984programwillbesignificantlyaffectedbytheavailabilityofaccessfacilities.Althoughcertainportionsoftheprogramcanbeaccomplishedwithinthesameenvironmentalconstraintsasthoseundertakenin1980and1981,otherportionsofthe1982-1984programwillrequiretheaccessroadtobeavailableforuse.Thus,forthepurposeofthisplanofstudy,itisassumedthattheaccessroadwillbedesignedandthenecessarypermitsobtainedbycornnencementofthe1982constructionseason.Forpurposesofthisplanofstudy,ithasbeenassumedthatthese1ectedaccessroadroutewi11commenceatastagingareatobeconstructedattherailroadatGoldCreekandessentiallyfollowtheleftbankoftheSusitnaRivertotheWatanasite.Bridgeswillberequiredatseveralravineandrivercrossings.Bridgeabutmentfoundationswillbesomewhatmorecloselyinvestigatedthanthegeneralalignmentoftheroad.Slightlymodifiedroutesandbridgesitesalsomaybeinvestigated.Newborrowareasmaybestudied.Proposedhighrockandsoilcutswillbeexploredforstability.Furtherdri11ingmayberequiredtofirmupthepermafrostcharacteristics.The1982-1984programofexploratoryinvestigationsfortransmissionlineswillcomprisefurtherhollow-stemaugerdrillingandsampling,vanesheartesting,laboratorytestingandgeologicalmapping,ifnecessary.Thesetoolswillbeusedtoobtainconsiderablymoredataonthegeneralandthegeotechnicalconditionswhichaffectthedesignofthetransmissionline.Pumpwelltestingintheriverbedwillberequiredinareasofdeepandperviousriverbedoverburden.Thistestingwillbeusedtoestimaterepresentativepermeabilityvaluesfordesignofriverbedexcavationdewateringsystems.The1982-1984laboratorytestingprogramwillbedesignedtodeterminereliablevaluesfortheoverburdenproperties.Thesedata,togetherwithstandardpenetrationtestdatawillbeessentialindefiningtheextentofremovalofmaterialsundertheproposeddams.(d)ConstructionMaterialsMorediamonddrilling,trenchingandlaboratorytestingwillalsoberequiredintheconstructionmaterialareas.Thisprogramwillbedesignedtofurthersubstantiatetheavailabilityandpropertiesofrockfill,impervious,semiperviousandperviousearthfill,rockfillandrip-rapmaterials.SamplingwillagainbedonebysplitspoonorShelbytube.LaboratorytestingasdescribedinTableA5.5willbeexpandedtoincludeseverallargetriaxialshearstrengthtestsinearthandrockfillunderhighconfiningloads.(e)ReservoirAreasTheproposed1982-1984investigationprogramwillbedesignedtoamplifytheinformationobtainedin1980and1981.Finaldrilling5-125Theschedulingofthe1982-1984programwillbesignificantlyaffectedbytheavailabilityofaccessfacilities.Althoughcertainportionsoftheprogramcanbeaccomplishedwithinthesameenvironmentalconstraintsasthoseundertakenin1980and1981,otherportionsofthe1982-1984programwillrequiretheaccessroadtobeavailableforuse.Thus,forthepurposeofthisplanofstudy,itisassumedthattheaccessroadwillbedesignedandthenecessarypermitsobtainedbycornnencementofthe1982constructionseason.Forpurposesofthisplanofstudy,ithasbeenassumedthatthese1ectedaccessroadroutewi11commenceatastagingareatobeconstructedattherailroadatGoldCreekandessentiallyfollowtheleftbankoftheSusitnaRivertotheWatanasite.Bridgeswillberequiredatseveralravineandrivercrossings.Bridgeabutmentfoundationswillbesomewhatmorecloselyinvestigatedthanthegeneralalignmentoftheroad.Slightlymodifiedroutesandbridgesitesalsomaybeinvestigated.Newborrowareasmaybestudied.Proposedhighrockandsoilcutswillbeexploredforstability.Furtherdri11ingmayberequiredtofirmupthepermafrostcharacteristics.The1982-1984programofexploratoryinvestigationsfortransmissionlineswillcomprisefurtherhollow-stemaugerdrillingandsampling,vanesheartesting,laboratorytestingandgeologicalmapping,ifnecessary.Thesetoolswillbeusedtoobtainconsiderablymoredataonthegeneralandthegeotechnicalconditionswhichaffectthedesignofthetransmissionline.Pumpwelltestingintheriverbedwillberequiredinareasofdeepandperviousriverbedoverburden.Thistestingwillbeusedtoestimaterepresentativepermeabilityvaluesfordesignofriverbedexcavationdewateringsystems.The1982-1984laboratorytestingprogramwillbedesignedtodeterminereliablevaluesfortheoverburdenproperties.Thesedata,togetherwithstandardpenetrationtestdatawillbeessentialindefiningtheextentofremovalofmaterialsundertheproposeddams.(d)ConstructionMaterialsMorediamonddrilling,trenchingandlaboratorytestingwillalsoberequiredintheconstructionmaterialareas.Thisprogramwillbedesignedtofurthersubstantiatetheavailabilityandpropertiesofrockfill,impervious,semiperviousandperviousearthfill,rockfillandrip-rapmaterials.SamplingwillagainbedonebysplitspoonorShelbytube.LaboratorytestingasdescribedinTableA5.5willbeexpandedtoincludeseverallargetriaxialshearstrengthtestsinearthandrockfillunderhighconfiningloads.(e)ReservoirAreasTheproposed1982-1984investigationprogramwillbedesignedtoamplifytheinformationobtainedin1980and1981.Finaldrilling5-125 andinstrumentationwillbecompletedinthereservoirareas.Theprogramwillincludediamonddrilling,reservoirslopemonitoringandlaboratorytesting.Theseexploratorytoolswillbeusedtoobtaindetaileddataongeotechnicalconditionsinpotentialproblemareassuchasperviousburiedchannelsinthereservoirrimorunstablerservoirslopes.Furthergeologicalmappingmayberequiredforadversefeaturesidentifiedinthe1981program.Potentiallyunstableslopeswillcontinuetobemonitoredtogetherwithpiezometriclevels.Arelativelysmallamountoflaboratorytestingwillbeundertakenforthereservoirareainthisphase.(f)AccessRoadsandTransmissionLinesTheschedulingoftheremainingexplorationfortheaccessroadsissuchthatthisworkwillhavetobecompletedinearly1982.Fortransmissionlines,ontheotherhand,theprogramcanbespreadoveralongerperiodwithoutaffectingoverallschedulingoftheproject.Thedatarequirementsforthedesignoftheroadsandtransmissionlines,althoughfewerthanforthedams,aresimilarinscope.Minimumdetailedinformationontheoverburdenpropertiessuchascompressibility,shearstrength,permeabilityandcompactioncharacteristics,androckqualityandstrength(forthebedrock),willberequiredforthebasicdesign.Thus,fortheaccessroadandtransmissionlineareas,additionalfoundationdrilling,samplingandlaboratorytestingwillberequiredinthisprogram.Firmqualityandquantityestimatesofconstructionmaterialswillberequiredfortheaccessroad.Inthetransmissionline,drillingandsamplingwillberequiredforeachtowerfounda-tion.Foundationdrillingfortheaccessroadsandtransmissionlinesisbestundertakeninthewintermonthsbymeansofatrack-mounted,hollow-stemaugerdiamonddrill.(g)ScheduleWeeks95through1205-126andinstrumentationwillbecompletedinthereservoirareas.Theprogramwillincludediamonddrilling,reservoirslopemonitoringandlaboratorytesting.Theseexploratorytoolswillbeusedtoobtaindetaileddataongeotechnicalconditionsinpotentialproblemareassuchasperviousburiedchannelsinthereservoirrimorunstablerservoirslopes.Furthergeologicalmappingmayberequiredforadversefeaturesidentifiedinthe1981program.Potentiallyunstableslopeswillcontinuetobemonitoredtogetherwithpiezometriclevels.Arelativelysmallamountoflaboratorytestingwillbeundertakenforthereservoirareainthisphase.(f)AccessRoadsandTransmissionLinesTheschedulingoftheremainingexplorationfortheaccessroadsissuchthatthisworkwillhavetobecompletedinearly1982.Fortransmissionlines,ontheotherhand,theprogramcanbespreadoveralongerperiodwithoutaffectingoverallschedulingoftheproject.Thedatarequirementsforthedesignoftheroadsandtransmissionlines,althoughfewerthanforthedams,aresimilarinscope.Minimumdetailedinformationontheoverburdenpropertiessuchascompressibility,shearstrength,permeabilityandcompactioncharacteristics,androckqualityandstrength(forthebedrock),willberequiredforthebasicdesign.Thus,fortheaccessroadandtransmissionlineareas,additionalfoundationdrilling,samplingandlaboratorytestingwillberequiredinthisprogram.Firmqualityandquantityestimatesofconstructionmaterialswillberequiredfortheaccessroad.Inthetransmissionline,drillingandsamplingwillberequiredforeachtowerfounda-tion.Foundationdrillingfortheaccessroadsandtransmissionlinesisbestundertakeninthewintermonthsbymeansofatrack-mounted,hollow-stemaugerdiamonddrill.(g)ScheduleWeeks95through1205-126 Subtask5.08-DataCompilation(a)ObjectiveAssembleallgeotechnicalexploratorydataintodocumentssuitableforinclusioninrelevantprojectreportsandlicensingdocumentation.(b)ApproachDatatobecompiledwillincludethefollowing:-air-photointerpretation-geologicmapping-seismicandresistivitydata-boreholelogs-augerholelogs-testtrenchlogs-airborneradarimagerydata-laboratorytestdataThetesttrenchlogswillbepreparedtodescribetheoverburdenintheborrowareas.Laboratorytestingdatawillbeincorporatedintotheselogs.Seismicandresistivityprofileswillbepreparedtoshowthegroundsurfaceandthebedrocktopography.Thisinformationwillbecombinedandusedtopreparepreliminarysitegeologymapsandsectionswhichwillformthebasisforthepreliminarygeotechni-calassessmentstobeperformedinTask6.Themapsandsectionswillshowtheoverburdenandbedrocksurfacedistribution,typesandcharacteristics,faults,jointing,permafrostareas,potentiallyunstableslopeorpoorfoundationareasandburiedchannels.Geo-logicmapswillrangefromreconaissancescaleinthereservoirareastolimiteddetailinthedamsiteareas.Boreholeandtesttrenchlogsforthe1982programwillbeusedtosubstantiateandimprovethegeologicalmapsandsectionsandtoshowsurfaceandsubsurfacegeologyandgeotechnicalconditionsofimportancetothedesignandconstructionofthedams,accessroadsandtransmissionlines.(c)DiscussionAlthoughR&MandWCCwillprovidesomeinputtothissubtask,allfinalcompilationofdatawillbeundertakenbyAcresinitsAnchorageandBuffalooffices.Compileddatawillbeattachedtotheperiodicreportsissuedastheworkprogresses.Detailedreportssummarizingalltheexploratoryinvestigationswillbepreparedattheendofeachexplorationseason.(d)ScheduleWeeks5through1255-127Subtask5.08-DataCompilation(a)ObjectiveAssembleallgeotechnicalexploratorydataintodocumentssuitableforinclusioninrelevantprojectreportsandlicensingdocumentation.(b)ApproachDatatobecompiledwillincludethefollowing:-air-photointerpretation-geologicmapping-seismicandresistivitydata-boreholelogs-augerholelogs-testtrenchlogs-airborneradarimagerydata-laboratorytestdataThetesttrenchlogswillbepreparedtodescribetheoverburdenintheborrowareas.Laboratorytestingdatawillbeincorporatedintotheselogs.Seismicandresistivityprofileswillbepreparedtoshowthegroundsurfaceandthebedrocktopography.Thisinformationwillbecombinedandusedtopreparepreliminarysitegeologymapsandsectionswhichwillformthebasisforthepreliminarygeotechni-calassessmentstobeperformedinTask6.Themapsandsectionswillshowtheoverburdenandbedrocksurfacedistribution,typesandcharacteristics,faults,jointing,permafrostareas,potentiallyunstableslopeorpoorfoundationareasandburiedchannels.Geo-logicmapswillrangefromreconaissancescaleinthereservoirareastolimiteddetailinthedamsiteareas.Boreholeandtesttrenchlogsforthe1982programwillbeusedtosubstantiateandimprovethegeologicalmapsandsectionsandtoshowsurfaceandsubsurfacegeologyandgeotechnicalconditionsofimportancetothedesignandconstructionofthedams,accessroadsandtransmissionlines.(c)DiscussionAlthoughR&MandWCCwillprovidesomeinputtothissubtask,allfinalcompilationofdatawillbeundertakenbyAcresinitsAnchorageandBuffalooffices.Compileddatawillbeattachedtotheperiodicreportsissuedastheworkprogresses.Detailedreportssummarizingalltheexploratoryinvestigationswillbepreparedattheendofeachexplorationseason.(d)ScheduleWeeks5through1255-127 5-1285-128 A.5.7-TASK6:DESIGNDEVELOPMENT(i)TaskObjectivesToundertakeplanningstudies,toevaluate,analyzeandreviewallpreviousengineeringstudiesrelatedtohydroelectricdevelopmentoftheUpperSusitnaRiverBasinandtodeveloppreliminaryengineeringdesignandcostinformationforWatanaandDevilCanyonDamsiteswithallassociatedintake,outletworks,spillwaysandpowerfacilitiestoallowpreparationofaprojectfeasibilityreport.(ii)TaskOutputTheprimaryoutputofTask6willbealogicalandsystematicdevel-opmentoftherequisiteprojectfeatures.Alternativesitesfordamsandpowerdevelopmentswillbeevaluated.Alternativearrangementsateachsitewillalsobeconsidered.Onesuchalternativewillinvolvea3D-milelongpowertunnelfromWatanatoDevilCanyontoeliminatethehighdamatthatsite.ADevelopmentSelectionReportwillbeissuedonoraboutWeek65oftheStudyforreviewandapprovalbyAlaskaPowerAuthority.PreliminaryfindingsofthestudywillbediscussedonoraboutWeek50,inordertoestablishwhetherornotworkontwodamsitesshouldcontinueorwhethermoreviablealternativesexistandshouldbeexamined.Designtransmittalswillbeatappropriatepointsinthestudy.Allnecessaryinputfromparalleltasksincludinghydrology,geotechnical,economic,'seismic,survey,andenvironmentalstudieswillbefactoredintotheplanningstudiesandthedevelopmentofthevariousfeaturesoftheproject.Engineeringevaluationcriteriaandprojectdefinitionwillbedeveloped.Ifsitesarefoundtobetechnicallyviable,economicallyfeasibleandenvironmentallyacceptable,additionalstudiesandinvestigationswillbeconductedtoestablishthefeasibilityoftheprojectandtheoptimumscaleandsequenceofdevelopment.(iii)ListofSubtasksSubtask6.01-ReviewofPreviousStudiesSubtask6.02-InvestigateTunnelAlternativeSubtask6.03-EvaluateAlternativeSusitnaDevelopmentsSubtask6.04-EvaluationofArchDamatDevilCanyonSiteSubtask6.05-DevelopmentSelectionReportSubtask6.05-Watana/DevilCanyonStagedDevelopmentAlternativesSubtask6.07-PreliminaryWatanaDamAlternativesSubtask6.08-PreliminaryDevilCanyonDamAlternativesSubtask6.09-EstablishWatanaDesignCriteriaSubtask6.10-EstablishDevilCanyonDesignCriteriaSubtask6.11-PreliminaryDesignWatanaDamSubtask6.12-PreliminaryDesignDevilCanyonDamSubtask6.13-DamSelectionReportSubtask6.14-SpillwayDesignCriteriaSubtask6.15-WatanaSpillwayAlternativesSubtask6.16-DevilCanyonSpillwayAlternativesSubtask6.17-PreliminaryDesignWatanaSpillwaySubtask6.18-PreliminaryDesignDevilCanyonSpillway5-129A.5.7-TASK6:DESIGNDEVELOPMENT(i)TaskObjectivesToundertakeplanningstudies,toevaluate,analyzeandreviewallpreviousengineeringstudiesrelatedtohydroelectricdevelopmentoftheUpperSusitnaRiverBasinandtodeveloppreliminaryengineeringdesignandcostinformationforWatanaandDevilCanyonDamsiteswithallassociatedintake,outletworks,spillwaysandpowerfacilitiestoallowpreparationofaprojectfeasibilityreport.(ii)TaskOutputTheprimaryoutputofTask6willbealogicalandsystematicdevel-opmentoftherequisiteprojectfeatures.Alternativesitesfordamsandpowerdevelopmentswillbeevaluated.Alternativearrangementsateachsitewillalsobeconsidered.Onesuchalternativewillinvolvea3D-milelongpowertunnelfromWatanatoDevilCanyontoeliminatethehighdamatthatsite.ADevelopmentSelectionReportwillbeissuedonoraboutWeek65oftheStudyforreviewandapprovalbyAlaskaPowerAuthority.PreliminaryfindingsofthestudywillbediscussedonoraboutWeek50,inordertoestablishwhetherornotworkontwodamsitesshouldcontinueorwhethermoreviablealternativesexistandshouldbeexamined.Designtransmittalswillbeatappropriatepointsinthestudy.Allnecessaryinputfromparalleltasksincludinghydrology,geotechnical,economic,'seismic,survey,andenvironmentalstudieswillbefactoredintotheplanningstudiesandthedevelopmentofthevariousfeaturesoftheproject.Engineeringevaluationcriteriaandprojectdefinitionwillbedeveloped.Ifsitesarefoundtobetechnicallyviable,economicallyfeasibleandenvironmentallyacceptable,additionalstudiesandinvestigationswillbeconductedtoestablishthefeasibilityoftheprojectandtheoptimumscaleandsequenceofdevelopment.(iii)ListofSubtasksSubtask6.01-ReviewofPreviousStudiesSubtask6.02-InvestigateTunnelAlternativeSubtask6.03-EvaluateAlternativeSusitnaDevelopmentsSubtask6.04-EvaluationofArchDamatDevilCanyonSiteSubtask6.05-DevelopmentSelectionReportSubtask6.05-Watana/DevilCanyonStagedDevelopmentAlternativesSubtask6.07-PreliminaryWatanaDamAlternativesSubtask6.08-PreliminaryDevilCanyonDamAlternativesSubtask6.09-EstablishWatanaDesignCriteriaSubtask6.10-EstablishDevilCanyonDesignCriteriaSubtask6.11-PreliminaryDesignWatanaDamSubtask6.12-PreliminaryDesignDevilCanyonDamSubtask6.13-DamSelectionReportSubtask6.14-SpillwayDesignCriteriaSubtask6.15-WatanaSpillwayAlternativesSubtask6.16-DevilCanyonSpillwayAlternativesSubtask6.17-PreliminaryDesignWatanaSpillwaySubtask6.18-PreliminaryDesignDevilCanyonSpillway5-129 Subtask6.19-SpillwaySelectionReportSubtask6.20-AccessandCampFacilitiesSubtask6.21-WatanaDiversionSchemeSubtask6.22-DevilCanyonDiversionSchemeSubtask6.23-OptimizeWatanaPowerDevelopmentSubtask6.24-OptimizeDevilCanyonPowerDevelopmentSubtask6.25-OptimizeDamHeightsSubtask6.26-PreliminaryDesignWatanaPowerDevelopmentSubtask6.27-PreliminaryDesignDevilCanyonPowerDevelopmentSubtask6.28-PowerDevelopmentReportSubtask6.29-WatanaGeneralArrangementSubtask6.30-DevilCanyonGeneralArrangementSubtask6.31-FeasibilityReport(iv)SubtaskScopeStatementsPlateT6.1illustratestheinterrelationshipofvarioussubtaskstudiesandthelogicalinputofvariousothertasks.ThesubtaskshavebeenspecificallyarrangedtomakemaximumuseofinputfromvariousothertasksincludingTasks1through5and7through9.Adetaileddiscussionoftheobjectives,themethodologiesandassociatedcostsandschedulingforeachsubtaskfollows.Notethatforthepurposeofthisplanofstudy,ithasbeenassumedthatonlyWatanaandDevilCanyonsiteswillbeconsideredforadditionalfieldexplorationandanalysis.However,intheinitialsubtasks,allpossiblesitesandmodesofdevelopmentontheSusitnawillbeexaminedtoconfirmthattheWatana/DevilCanyonarrangementisthemostappropriate.5-130Subtask6.19-SpillwaySelectionReportSubtask6.20-AccessandCampFacilitiesSubtask6.21-WatanaDiversionSchemeSubtask6.22-DevilCanyonDiversionSchemeSubtask6.23-OptimizeWatanaPowerDevelopmentSubtask6.24-OptimizeDevilCanyonPowerDevelopmentSubtask6.25-OptimizeDamHeightsSubtask6.26-PreliminaryDesignWatanaPowerDevelopmentSubtask6.27-PreliminaryDesignDevilCanyonPowerDevelopmentSubtask6.28-PowerDevelopmentReportSubtask6.29-WatanaGeneralArrangementSubtask6.30-DevilCanyonGeneralArrangementSubtask6.31-FeasibilityReport(iv)SubtaskScopeStatementsPlateT6.1illustratestheinterrelationshipofvarioussubtaskstudiesandthelogicalinputofvariousothertasks.ThesubtaskshavebeenspecificallyarrangedtomakemaximumuseofinputfromvariousothertasksincludingTasks1through5and7through9.Adetaileddiscussionoftheobjectives,themethodologiesandassociatedcostsandschedulingforeachsubtaskfollows.Notethatforthepurposeofthisplanofstudy,ithasbeenassumedthatonlyWatanaandDevilCanyonsiteswillbeconsideredforadditionalfieldexplorationandanalysis.However,intheinitialsubtasks,allpossiblesitesandmodesofdevelopmentontheSusitnawillbeexaminedtoconfirmthattheWatana/DevilCanyonarrangementisthemostappropriate.5-130 Subtask6.01-ReviewofPreviousStudiesandReports(a)ObjectiveAssembleandreviewallavailableengineeringdata,sitingandeconomicstudiesrelatingbothtotheSusitnahydropowerdevelopmentandtoalternativepotentialsites.(b)ApproachReportsandalsofieldreconnaissancestudiesgeneratedbyvariousagenciesincludingUSBR,theCorpsofEngineers,Kaiserandotherswillbereviewedtoassessthedesignassumptionsforthesites.Informationobtainedfromthesereports,includingreservoirstorageandpowerhead,siteevaluation,geologicandseismicconditions,topographicfeaturesandotherspecialphysicalandenvironmentalconstraints,willbetabulated.Totalpotentialforpowerdevelopmentateachsiteandtheassociatedcostswillbeassembledintabularform;costswillbeupdatedtocurrentlevelsforcomparison.Sitesstudiedwillincludeallthoseidentifiedinthepreviousreports.Layoutsforallsitesandspecialconstraintsforeachsitewillbeidentified.Allconceptualdesignparameterswillbedevelopedtoupdatethecostofeachsitetoauniformlevelinordertorankthesites.ThetaskwillincludetheindexingofallbasicinformationthatcouldbeusedinanalysisunderSubtask6.03.Indexingwillincludeallbasicinformationonnature,typeandextentofgeotech-nicalinvestigationspreviouslycompleted,maximumlevelofdevelop-mentconsideredforeachsite,typeandsizeofdamselected,typeandsizeofspillwayconsideredforeachsitestudied,andon-linedatesconsideredinthepreviousreports.Otherdatatobeindexedwillincludereservoirstorage,average,maximumandminimumflow,regula-tedflow,powercapacityandenergydevelopmentateachsite,equiva-lentconstructioncostsandotherfactors,suchasspecialenviron-mentalandseismicimpactoneachsite.(c)DiscussionThelevelofstudypreviouslyundertakenforeachsitevaries consid-erably,notonlywithrespecttogeotechnicalinvestigationsandpreliminaryplanning,butalsoinrelationOtohydrologicandeconomicassessment.Projectrankingtechniquesandcostupdatingcriteriawillnecessarilyhavetoincludeadditionalcostparametersandanalysis.Thesedatawillbeusedatthespecifiedlevelofdevelop-mentasaninputtoTask6.03.Inordertomeettheoverallobjectivesofthesubtask,acriticalreviewandassessmentwillbemadeofalltechnicalinformationonpowercapacities;andotherconstraintsforthedevelopmentofeachsitewillbeidentified.Previousworkhasidentifiedsixdamsitesforwhichrangesofheightsandpowerinstallationhavebeenconsidered.Thesesiteswillbeanalyzedinordertoselecttheprojectswhicharebothtechnicallyfeasibleandeconomicallyattractiveforinitialconstructionandarecompatiblewiththeplan5-131Subtask6.01-ReviewofPreviousStudiesandReports(a)ObjectiveAssembleandreviewallavailableengineeringdata,sitingandeconomicstudiesrelatingbothtotheSusitnahydropowerdevelopmentandtoalternativepotentialsites.(b)ApproachReportsandalsofieldreconnaissancestudiesgeneratedbyvariousagenciesincludingUSBR,theCorpsofEngineers,Kaiserandotherswillbereviewedtoassessthedesignassumptionsforthesites.Informationobtainedfromthesereports,includingreservoirstorageandpowerhead,siteevaluation,geologicandseismicconditions,topographicfeaturesandotherspecialphysicalandenvironmentalconstraints,willbetabulated.Totalpotentialforpowerdevelopmentateachsiteandtheassociatedcostswillbeassembledintabularform;costswillbeupdatedtocurrentlevelsforcomparison.Sitesstudiedwillincludeallthoseidentifiedinthepreviousreports.Layoutsforallsitesandspecialconstraintsforeachsitewillbeidentified.Allconceptualdesignparameterswillbedevelopedtoupdatethecostofeachsitetoauniformlevelinordertorankthesites.ThetaskwillincludetheindexingofallbasicinformationthatcouldbeusedinanalysisunderSubtask6.03.Indexingwillincludeallbasicinformationonnature,typeandextentofgeotech-nicalinvestigationspreviouslycompleted,maximumlevelofdevelop-mentconsideredforeachsite,typeandsizeofdamselected,typeandsizeofspillwayconsideredforeachsitestudied,andon-linedatesconsideredinthepreviousreports.Otherdatatobeindexedwillincludereservoirstorage,average,maximumandminimumflow,regula-tedflow,powercapacityandenergydevelopmentateachsite,equiva-lentconstructioncostsandotherfactors,suchasspecialenviron-mentalandseismicimpactoneachsite.(c)DiscussionThelevelofstudypreviouslyundertakenforeachsitevaries consid-erably,notonlywithrespecttogeotechnicalinvestigationsandpreliminaryplanning,butalsoinrelationOtohydrologicandeconomicassessment.Projectrankingtechniquesandcostupdatingcriteriawillnecessarilyhavetoincludeadditionalcostparametersandanalysis.Thesedatawillbeusedatthespecifiedlevelofdevelop-mentasaninputtoTask6.03.Inordertomeettheoverallobjectivesofthesubtask,acriticalreviewandassessmentwillbemadeofalltechnicalinformationonpowercapacities;andotherconstraintsforthedevelopmentofeachsitewillbeidentified.Previousworkhasidentifiedsixdamsitesforwhichrangesofheightsandpowerinstallationhavebeenconsidered.Thesesiteswillbeanalyzedinordertoselecttheprojectswhicharebothtechnicallyfeasibleandeconomicallyattractiveforinitialconstructionandarecompatiblewiththeplan5-131 forhydropowerdevelopmentoftheentirebasin.Itislikelythatsomeofthesiteswillberejectedininitialscreeningbecauseofpoorfoundationsorbecauseofveryhighcostofdevelopment.PreviousstudieshavedemonstratedthattheWatanaandDevilCanyonsitesareprobablythemostfavored;butifthestudiesunderthistaskindicateotherwisediscussionswiththeAlaskaPowerAuthoritywillbescheduledimmediately.Allcostdatafromthepreviousreportswillbeupdatedto1980costlevels.Asprojectcostsarehighlydependentnotonlyuponsitefoundationconditions,sizeofspillwayandoutletworks,butalsouponwhetheralowleveloutletisprovided,costswillbeadjustedtoacommondesign.(d)ScheduleWeeks25through405-132forhydropowerdevelopmentoftheentirebasin.Itislikelythatsomeofthesiteswillberejectedininitialscreeningbecauseofpoorfoundationsorbecauseofveryhighcostofdevelopment.PreviousstudieshavedemonstratedthattheWatanaandDevilCanyonsitesareprobablythemostfavored;butifthestudiesunderthistaskindicateotherwisediscussionswiththeAlaskaPowerAuthoritywillbescheduledimmediately.Allcostdatafromthepreviousreportswillbeupdatedto1980costlevels.Asprojectcostsarehighlydependentnotonlyuponsitefoundationconditions,sizeofspillwayandoutletworks,butalsouponwhetheralowleveloutletisprovided,costswillbeadjustedtoacommondesign.(d)ScheduleWeeks25through405-132 Subtask6.02-InvestigateTunnelAlternatives(a)ObjectiveToinvestigatethefeasibilityofaschemefordevelopmentoftheSusitnaRivereliminatingtheDevilCanyonprojectbythesubstitutionofatunnel-suppliedpowerplantfedfromtheWatanadamsite.(b)ApproachApreliminaryreviewoftheproposedWatana/DevilCanyondevelopmentoftheSusitnaRiversuggeststhatafeasiblealternative,whichwouldallowtheeliminationofthemajorreservoirformedbytheDevilCanyondam,wouldcomprisetheconstructionofapowertunnelstartingat,ornear,thecurrentlyproposedWatanasiteandterminatingatapowerplantneartheproposedDevilCanyonsiteasillustratedinPlateT6.2.InadditiontothereducedenvironmentalimpactbroughtaboutbytheeliminationoftheDevilCanyondamandlake,thetunnelalternativewouldeliminateamajordam,reducethesizeofonepowerplant,andallowamuchlargerproportionoftheconstructionworktobelocatedunderground,shieldedfromsevereAlaskanwinters.Potentialdisadvantagesofthetunnelalternativeincludelossofpoweroutputduebothtoheadlossesinthetunnelandtotheneces-sitytomaintainflowintheriverbetweenWatanaandthelowerpowerplanttailrace.Theconsiderablelengthofthetunnelwouldrequiretheprovisionofseveralconstructionaditswithcorrespondingenvironmentalimpactsduringconstruction.Inordertomakeaninitialassessmentastowhetherthisalternativeshouldbecarriedforwardintomoredetailedevaluation,thefollowingactivitiesareproposed:(1)OnthebasisofthematerialassembledinSubtask6.01,anumberoftunnelalternativearrangementswillbeidentified.SomepreliminaryconceptsareshowninPlateT6.2. Severalothersincorporatingdifferenttunnelalignmentsandintake/powerplantlocationswillbeidentified.(2)Theseinitialalternativeswillbesubjectedtoagrossscreeningtoeliminatethoseleastlikelytomeeteconomic,technicalorenvironmentalrequirements.Preliminarylayoutswillbedevelop-edforthoseremainingandmajordimensionalanddesigncharac-teristicswillbeestablished.(3)Preliminaryquantityandcostestimateswillbepreparedfortheselectedtunnelalternatives,togetherwithcorrespondingcashflows.5-133Subtask6.02-InvestigateTunnelAlternatives(a)ObjectiveToinvestigatethefeasibilityofaschemefordevelopmentoftheSusitnaRivereliminatingtheDevilCanyonprojectbythesubstitutionofatunnel-suppliedpowerplantfedfromtheWatanadamsite.(b)ApproachApreliminaryreviewoftheproposedWatana/DevilCanyondevelopmentoftheSusitnaRiversuggeststhatafeasiblealternative,whichwouldallowtheeliminationofthemajorreservoirformedbytheDevilCanyondam,wouldcomprisetheconstructionofapowertunnelstartingat,ornear,thecurrentlyproposedWatanasiteandterminatingatapowerplantneartheproposedDevilCanyonsiteasillustratedinPlateT6.2.InadditiontothereducedenvironmentalimpactbroughtaboutbytheeliminationoftheDevilCanyondamandlake,thetunnelalternativewouldeliminateamajordam,reducethesizeofonepowerplant,andallowamuchlargerproportionoftheconstructionworktobelocatedunderground,shieldedfromsevereAlaskanwinters.Potentialdisadvantagesofthetunnelalternativeincludelossofpoweroutputduebothtoheadlossesinthetunnelandtotheneces-sitytomaintainflowintheriverbetweenWatanaandthelowerpowerplanttailrace.Theconsiderablelengthofthetunnelwouldrequiretheprovisionofseveralconstructionaditswithcorrespondingenvironmentalimpactsduringconstruction.Inordertomakeaninitialassessmentastowhetherthisalternativeshouldbecarriedforwardintomoredetailedevaluation,thefollowingactivitiesareproposed:(1)OnthebasisofthematerialassembledinSubtask6.01,anumberoftunnelalternativearrangementswillbeidentified.SomepreliminaryconceptsareshowninPlateT6.2. Severalothersincorporatingdifferenttunnelalignmentsandintake/powerplantlocationswillbeidentified.(2)Theseinitialalternativeswillbesubjectedtoagrossscreeningtoeliminatethoseleastlikelytomeeteconomic,technicalorenvironmentalrequirements.Preliminarylayoutswillbedevelop-edforthoseremainingandmajordimensionalanddesigncharac-teristicswillbeestablished.(3)Preliminaryquantityandcostestimateswillbepreparedfortheselectedtunnelalternatives,togetherwithcorrespondingcashflows.5-133 (4)Estimatesofcapacityandenergyforeachofthealternativeswillbedeveloped.(5)Themostattractiveofthetunnelalternativeswillbecomparedfromthetechnical,economic,andenvironmentalstandpointswithotheroptionsfortheriverdevelopmentidentifiedinSubtask6.03.(c)DiscussionThetunnelalternativetotheDevilCanyonprojectwouldappear,frominitialreview,tohavesomeratherattractivefeatureswhichmaywarrantcarefulevaluation.Fromtheenvironmentalstandpoint,theeliminationofthelargeDevilCanyonreservoirmustbeasignificantstep.Thismay,ofcourse,beoffsettosomeextentbytheincreasedlivestoragetobeprovidedatWatanaandbythepossiblewiderspreadofconstructionactivityduringtunnelconstruction.Initial"orderofmagnitude"costestimatesseemtoindicateatleastatrade-offlevelofcostforthetunnelalternative,withoutassessingtheimpactonthescheduleandpowergenerationcapabilitiesofthelongpowertunnel.(d)ScheduleWeeks30through505-134(4)Estimatesofcapacityandenergyforeachofthealternativeswillbedeveloped.(5)Themostattractiveofthetunnelalternativeswillbecomparedfromthetechnical,economic,andenvironmentalstandpointswithotheroptionsfortheriverdevelopmentidentifiedinSubtask6.03.(c)DiscussionThetunnelalternativetotheDevilCanyonprojectwouldappear,frominitialreview,tohavesomeratherattractivefeatureswhichmaywarrantcarefulevaluation.Fromtheenvironmentalstandpoint,theeliminationofthelargeDevilCanyonreservoirmustbeasignificantstep.Thismay,ofcourse,beoffsettosomeextentbytheincreasedlivestoragetobeprovidedatWatanaandbythepossiblewiderspreadofconstructionactivityduringtunnelconstruction.Initial"orderofmagnitude"costestimatesseemtoindicateatleastatrade-offlevelofcostforthetunnelalternative,withoutassessingtheimpactonthescheduleandpowergenerationcapabilitiesofthelongpowertunnel.(d)ScheduleWeeks30through505-134 Subtask6.03-EvaluateAlternativeSusitnaDevelopments(a)ObjectiveToidentifythemostappropriateschemefordevelopmentoftheSusitnaRiverontheinitialbasisoftechnicalfeasibilityandcost.(b)ApproachPrimaryinputforthissubtaskfromthecostandtechnicalstandpointswillbederivedfromthereviewofpreviousstudies(Subtask6.01)andfromtheinvestigationofthe"tunnelalternatives"(Subtask6.02).Furtherinputwi11beprovidedfromthehydroIogicalstudiesunder-takeninTask3andfromthepublicparticipationprogramcarriedoutunderTask12.Thissubtaskwillinvolvethedevelopment,comparisonandsubsequentrankingofallreasonablyfeasiblecombinationsofsitesandpowerfacilitiesidentifiedeitherinthepreviousstudiesorinthecourseofAcresstudiestothistime.Economicparametersforarangeofdamheightsandpowerinstallationswillbedevelopedforeachsiteandforthecompleteriverdevelopment;thesewillbeanalyzedbycomputertoidentifythemostpromisingscheme.Specificactivitieswillinclude:-EvaluationofsixpreviouslyidentifiedsitesincludingSusitnaIandII,Denali,Vee,WatanaandDevilCanyonandothersites,forwhichdatawillbeobtainedfromthereviewofliterature(Subtask6.01).-Dataonratedhead,regulatedflow,yieldandpoweravailablefrompreviousreportsforthesesiteswillbedevelopedandthevalueandcostofpowerforeachsitewillbecompared.Onlypreviouslayoutsandengineeringinformationgeneratedwillbeevaluated.-Dataonfoundationconditions,availabilityofconstructionmaterials,limitsofdevelopmentofeachsite,accessconditions,seismicandenvironmentalconditionsforeachsitewillbereviewedinsite-rankingstudies.-Siteswithextremelypoorfoundationconditionsandotherseriousconstraintsrelatedtoseismicorenvironmentalimpactwillberejected.- Asummaryreportonthisrankingstudywillbeprepared.(c)DiscussionBythisstageofthestudy,costsofalternativepowerandenergywi11beavailableforeconomiccomparisonanddevelopmentofcost-benefitratiosofeachindividualsite,andbycombinationforeachsetofdevelopmentsdiscussedabove.ItwouldappearfrompreviousstudiesthatthecombinationofWatanaandDevilCanyonsitesisthemostpromisingdevelopment,anditisexpectedthattheresultsofthis5-135Subtask6.03-EvaluateAlternativeSusitnaDevelopments(a)ObjectiveToidentifythemostappropriateschemefordevelopmentoftheSusitnaRiverontheinitialbasisoftechnicalfeasibilityandcost.(b)ApproachPrimaryinputforthissubtaskfromthecostandtechnicalstandpointswillbederivedfromthereviewofpreviousstudies(Subtask6.01)andfromtheinvestigationofthe"tunnelalternatives"(Subtask6.02).Furtherinputwi11beprovidedfromthehydroIogicalstudiesunder-takeninTask3andfromthepublicparticipationprogramcarriedoutunderTask12.Thissubtaskwillinvolvethedevelopment,comparisonandsubsequentrankingofallreasonablyfeasiblecombinationsofsitesandpowerfacilitiesidentifiedeitherinthepreviousstudiesorinthecourseofAcresstudiestothistime.Economicparametersforarangeofdamheightsandpowerinstallationswillbedevelopedforeachsiteandforthecompleteriverdevelopment;thesewillbeanalyzedbycomputertoidentifythemostpromisingscheme.Specificactivitieswillinclude:-EvaluationofsixpreviouslyidentifiedsitesincludingSusitnaIandII,Denali,Vee,WatanaandDevilCanyonandothersites,forwhichdatawillbeobtainedfromthereviewofliterature(Subtask6.01).-Dataonratedhead,regulatedflow,yieldandpoweravailablefrompreviousreportsforthesesiteswillbedevelopedandthevalueandcostofpowerforeachsitewillbecompared.Onlypreviouslayoutsandengineeringinformationgeneratedwillbeevaluated.-Dataonfoundationconditions,availabilityofconstructionmaterials,limitsofdevelopmentofeachsite,accessconditions,seismicandenvironmentalconditionsforeachsitewillbereviewedinsite-rankingstudies.-Siteswithextremelypoorfoundationconditionsandotherseriousconstraintsrelatedtoseismicorenvironmentalimpactwillberejected.- Asummaryreportonthisrankingstudywillbeprepared.(c)DiscussionBythisstageofthestudy,costsofalternativepowerandenergywi11beavailableforeconomiccomparisonanddevelopmentofcost-benefitratiosofeachindividualsite,andbycombinationforeachsetofdevelopmentsdiscussedabove.ItwouldappearfrompreviousstudiesthatthecombinationofWatanaandDevilCanyonsitesisthemostpromisingdevelopment,anditisexpectedthattheresultsofthis5-135 workwillverifythis.However,iftheresultsofthestudyindicateotherwise,thelayout,costsanddetailsofthealternativearrange-mentwillbebroughttothesamelevelasthestudiesforthe1979reportbytheCorpsofEngineersfortheWatanaandDevilCanyonsites.Theevaluationwillrankthesitesorthecombinationofvarioussiteswithpowercapabilityateach,andestablishassociatedcostsandcost-benefitratiosforeachcombinationstudied.Alterna-tiveswillincludecombinationsofWatanadamsitesandpowertunnels.Theresultsofthesestudieswillbedocumentedintheformofamemorandumwhichwillformabasisforfurtherstudies.Thereportwillexplainthemechanicsoftheevaluationprocessandtherationaleofspecificsiteandcombinationsofsites,foundationsuitabilityandavailabilityofconstructionmaterials.Economiccomparisonsfromcost/benefitanalysiswillindicatetheenvironmentalimpactoneachsuchsite.TheselectedalternativewillbethatwhichprovestobethemostfavorablefordevelopmentoftheUpperSusitnaBasin.(d)ScheduleWeeks40through605-136workwillverifythis.However,iftheresultsofthestudyindicateotherwise,thelayout,costsanddetailsofthealternativearrange-mentwillbebroughttothesamelevelasthestudiesforthe1979reportbytheCorpsofEngineersfortheWatanaandDevilCanyonsites.Theevaluationwillrankthesitesorthecombinationofvarioussiteswithpowercapabilityateach,andestablishassociatedcostsandcost-benefitratiosforeachcombinationstudied.Alterna-tiveswillincludecombinationsofWatanadamsitesandpowertunnels.Theresultsofthesestudieswillbedocumentedintheformofamemorandumwhichwillformabasisforfurtherstudies.Thereportwillexplainthemechanicsoftheevaluationprocessandtherationaleofspecificsiteandcombinationsofsites,foundationsuitabilityandavailabilityofconstructionmaterials.Economiccomparisonsfromcost/benefitanalysiswillindicatetheenvironmentalimpactoneachsuchsite.TheselectedalternativewillbethatwhichprovestobethemostfavorablefordevelopmentoftheUpperSusitnaBasin.(d)ScheduleWeeks40through605-136 Subtask6.04-EvaluationofArchDamatDevilCanyonSite(a)ObjectiveTomakeapreliminaryassessmentofthefeasibilityofanarchdamattheDevilCanyonsite.(b)ApproachTheoriginaldevelopmentattheDevilCanyonsiterecommendedbytheCorpsofEngineersincorporateda635foothighdoublecurvaturethinarchdamwithacrestlengthof1,370feet.FollowingcriticalcommentbytheOMB,theCorps,intheirSupplementalFeasibilityReport(1979),proposedanalternativewhichwouldreplacethearchdamwithamorecostlygravitydam.Theprimaryrationalewasthereducedsensitivityofthegravitydamtofoundationandabutmentconditions.WewillcriticallyreviewthefeasibilityofanarchdamattheDevilCanyonsitefrombotheconomicandtechnical aspects,aswellastheoverallsafetyaspect.Thereviewandevaluationwillcomprisethefollowing:-AssemblyandreviewofallavailablematerialrelatingtothearchdamdesignrecommendedintheCorps'reportandearlierinBureauofReclamationreports.- Acriticalexaminationofallgeotechnicaldatarelatingtothefoundationandabutmentconditionsattheproposeddamsite.Thesedatamaywellincludefurtherinformationobtainedinthecourseoftheongoingfieldinvestigations.- Acriticalreviewoftheseismicconditionsatthesite,particularlyinthelightofmaterialdevelopedinthecourseofTask4SeismicityStudies.- Areviewofcurrentdesignpracticeinrelationtohigharchdamdesigninseismicallysensitiveareas.-ThedevelopmentofthedraftdesignofanarchdamappropriatetotheconditionsatDevilCanyon.Designwillbeaccompaniedbyassociatedscheduleandcostestimate,includingimpactonassociatedstructures.-ReviewofproposeddesignbySpecialConsultantsandmodificationsasrequired.-Finalevaluationoffeasibilityofthearchdamfromthetechnical,economicandsafetystandpointsanddevelopmentofarecommendationastowhetheranarchdamoranotherdesignofdamshouldbecarriedthroughtothelicensingdocumentation.5-137Subtask6.04-EvaluationofArchDamatDevilCanyonSite(a)ObjectiveTomakeapreliminaryassessmentofthefeasibilityofanarchdamattheDevilCanyonsite.(b)ApproachTheoriginaldevelopmentattheDevilCanyonsiterecommendedbytheCorpsofEngineersincorporateda635foothighdoublecurvaturethinarchdamwithacrestlengthof1,370feet.FollowingcriticalcommentbytheOMB,theCorps,intheirSupplementalFeasibilityReport(1979),proposedanalternativewhichwouldreplacethearchdamwithamorecostlygravitydam.Theprimaryrationalewasthereducedsensitivityofthegravitydamtofoundationandabutmentconditions.WewillcriticallyreviewthefeasibilityofanarchdamattheDevilCanyonsitefrombotheconomicandtechnical aspects,aswellastheoverallsafetyaspect.Thereviewandevaluationwillcomprisethefollowing:-AssemblyandreviewofallavailablematerialrelatingtothearchdamdesignrecommendedintheCorps'reportandearlierinBureauofReclamationreports.- Acriticalexaminationofallgeotechnicaldatarelatingtothefoundationandabutmentconditionsattheproposeddamsite.Thesedatamaywellincludefurtherinformationobtainedinthecourseoftheongoingfieldinvestigations.- Acriticalreviewoftheseismicconditionsatthesite,particularlyinthelightofmaterialdevelopedinthecourseofTask4SeismicityStudies.-Areviewofcurrentdesignpracticeinrelationtohigharchdamdesigninseismicallysensitiveareas.-ThedevelopmentofthedraftdesignofanarchdamappropriatetotheconditionsatDevilCanyon.Designwillbeaccompaniedbyassociatedscheduleandcostestimate,includingimpactonassociatedstructures.-ReviewofproposeddesignbySpecialConsultantsandmodificationsasrequired.-Finalevaluationoffeasibilityofthearchdamfromthetechnical,economicandsafetystandpointsanddevelopmentofarecommendationastowhetheranarchdamoranotherdesignofdamshouldbecarriedthroughtothelicensingdocumentation.5-137 (c)DiscussionThearchdamdesignatDevilCanyonwassupplementedwithanalterna-tiveconventionalgravitydesignbytheCorpsinthe1979SupplementalReport.Economicfeasibilityoftheprojectusingmoreconservativedesignapproacheswasdemonstrated.AnunderlyingconcernregardingthesafetyofarchdamsinhighzonesisevincedbytherecentdecisionregardingtheAuburndam.However,itisofinteresttonotethatasreportedinarecentissueofWaterPowerandDamConstruction,April1979,notonefailureofaconcretedamdirectlycausedbyearthquakeshaseverbeenrecorded.Linearanalyticaltechniquesforevaluationoftheresponseofcon-cretestructurestoseismicforceshaveevolved,themostwidelyusedbeingthefiniteelementtechnique.AcresrecentlyutilizedthistechniquetoevaluatetheKarunhigharchdamproposedinIranwithaheightof325meters.Ingeneral,concretedamsperformverywellwhensubjectedtoearthquakes.Ofthetypesavailable,archdamsgenerallyhaveproventoperformthebestandbuttressdamshavebeensubjecttotheseverestdamagebecauseofabruptchangeinsectionandtheresultantstressconcentrators.TheV-shapecanyonwitharatioof2.15(widthatcrestlevel--l,370feettodepth--635feet)isfavorableforadoublecurvaturearchdam.Asanexample,theexperienceofdambuildinginJapancanbecited.TheaverageseismicintensityexperiencedatvarioustypesofJapanesedams(in12pointscale)is:-gravitydams••••••••••.•.•••9.8-archandarchgravity10-rockfilldams...••.•.•••••••8.5SuchhigharchdamsasKurobe(186m),Nagovado(155m),Iagisawa(131m),Takane(130m),Kawamata(120m)andotherswerebuiltinareaswithearthquakeintensity10to11points.Thereareanumberofapproacheswhichcanbeusedtoconditiontheabutmentsofarchdamstoweaknessesoftherock.Stressesinthefoundationmaybereduced,notonlybyincreasingtheabutmentthick-nessofthearch,butalsobyusingabutmentpads.Inadditiontobeingaverysatisfactorymeansofspreadingarchthrusts,abutmentpadsprovideanefficientmeansofbridgingfaultsandotherweakness-esinthefoundation.Abutmentpadsareappliedontheworld'shighestarchdamsatIngury(U.S.S.R.271m)andwereproposedfortheAuburndam(U.S.A.209m).Severeweatherconditionswillcauseseriousproblemsforbothdamtypes.Besidesthenecessitytopreventfreezingandcrackingofconcreteduringconstruction,aseriousconsiderationwillbeconsoli-dationofthedambodyandrockbase.5-138(c)DiscussionThearchdamdesignatDevilCanyonwassupplementedwithanalterna-tiveconventionalgravitydesignbytheCorpsinthe1979SupplementalReport.Economicfeasibilityoftheprojectusingmoreconservativedesignapproacheswasdemonstrated.AnunderlyingconcernregardingthesafetyofarchdamsinhighzonesisevincedbytherecentdecisionregardingtheAuburndam.However,itisofinteresttonotethatasreportedinarecentissueofWaterPowerandDamConstruction,April1979,notonefailureofaconcretedamdirectlycausedbyearthquakeshaseverbeenrecorded.Linearanalyticaltechniquesforevaluationoftheresponseofcon-cretestructurestoseismicforceshaveevolved,themostwidelyusedbeingthefiniteelementtechnique.AcresrecentlyutilizedthistechniquetoevaluatetheKarunhigharchdamproposedinIranwithaheightof325meters.Ingeneral,concretedamsperformverywellwhensubjectedtoearthquakes.Ofthetypesavailable,archdamsgenerallyhaveproventoperformthebestandbuttressdamshavebeensubjecttotheseverestdamagebecauseofabruptchangeinsectionandtheresultantstressconcentrators.TheV-shapecanyonwitharatioof2.15(widthatcrestlevel--l,370feettodepth--635feet)isfavorableforadoublecurvaturearchdam.Asanexample,theexperienceofdambuildinginJapancanbecited.TheaverageseismicintensityexperiencedatvarioustypesofJapanesedams(in12pointscale)is:-gravitydams••••••••••.•.•••9.8-archandarchgravity10-rockfilldams...••.•.•••••••8.5SuchhigharchdamsasKurobe(186m),Nagovado(155m),Iagisawa(131m),Takane(130m),Kawamata(120m)andotherswerebuiltinareaswithearthquakeintensity10to11points.Thereareanumberofapproacheswhichcanbeusedtoconditiontheabutmentsofarchdamstoweaknessesoftherock.Stressesinthefoundationmaybereduced,notonlybyincreasingtheabutmentthick-nessofthearch,butalsobyusingabutmentpads.Inadditiontobeingaverysatisfactorymeansofspreadingarchthrusts,abutmentpadsprovideanefficientmeansofbridgingfaultsandotherweakness-esinthefoundation.Abutmentpadsareappliedontheworld'shighestarchdamsatIngury(U.S.S.R.271m)andwereproposedfortheAuburndam(U.S.A.209m).Severeweatherconditionswillcauseseriousproblemsforbothdamtypes.Besidesthenecessitytopreventfreezingandcrackingofconcreteduringconstruction,aseriousconsiderationwillbeconsoli-dationofthedambodyandrockbase.5-138 InRussiandamsbuiltinSiberia,groutingjointsbetweenmonolithswerereplacedbyslotsI.Zmwidebackfilledwithconcreteaftercoolingthemonolithbelowtheaverageannualtemperature(theaverageannualtemperatureinthecoreofthedamisZoCto3°Chigherthantheaverageannualtemperatureofthearea).Iftheareaaveragetemperatureisbelowzero,theconcreteshouldbecooledtoatempera-tureofnotmorethan+1to+ZoC.Suchaprocedureinvolvesalongtimeandhighcost.TheRussianMamakanandZeyadamsarehammerheadtype(buttresstype).Thistype ofdamprovideseasyaccesstotheslotsfromthehollowspaces.Concretingoftheslotsisperformedafterwarmingupthesurfacesofslotsbymeansofelectricheaters.Afterfillingthereservoir,thetemperatureofthedambodywillriseandtheconcreteplugswillbecompressed.Anotherproblemispreventionofthenegativeeffectonthestressstateofthedamcausedbyfreezingofthedownstreampartofthedam.StaticanalysisandmodeltestsperformedforgravitydamslocatedinSiberia(annualaveragetemperature_ZoCto_4°C)showedthatforthewinter,thefrostcanpenetratetothecenterofthedam,causingopeningofthehorizontaljointsand,asaconsequence,tensilestressesontheupperfaceofthedam(reductionsinthecompressivestressesofupto30percentweredemonstrated).Forthisreason,hammerheadormassivebuttressdamswithheatinginsidethehollowswerebuiltinRussia(Mamakan,Zeya,Bratsk,Buchtarma)insteadofmassivegravitydams.AttheMamakandam,theelectricheatingsystemisinoperationforonetooneandahalfmonthsayear,andthecapacityoftheheatersis80kW.Anothermethodofpreventingfreez-ingistoinsulatethedownstreamfaceofthedam.Consolidationofanarchdamismucheasierbecausearchdamsdonothavelongitudinalconstructionjoints.Concretingoftheslotsaftercoolingthemonolithbelowtheaveragetemperaturewillproduceaneffectsimilartoheatinggravitymonoliths.Ingeneral,archdams,sincetheyaremoreflexibleandsmallervolumeworkingstructures,cancopemoreeasilywithseveretemperatureconditionsthangravitydams.Nonetheless,someimprovementsofthepresentlyproposedarchdamarelikelytobenecessary.(1)Anabutmentpadshouldbeused.Itfunctionsasatransitionstructurebetweenarchandrock,andassuch,maybethickened,widenedandreinforcedasnecessary.Inaddition,theabutmentpadmaybeusedtoimprovesymmetryofthecanyonprofile.(Z)Atwo-centereddamlayoutwithtwoseparatepairsoflinesofcenters,oneforeachsideofthedam,shouldbeusedtocopewiththeunsymmetricalshapeofthecanyon.(3)Theslendernessofthedamis~~56=0.135(basethicknesstoheight),anditrequiresreevaluationinlightofseismicandtemperatureconditions.5-139InRussiandamsbuiltinSiberia,groutingjointsbetweenmonolithswerereplacedbyslotsI.Zmwidebackfilledwithconcreteaftercoolingthemonolithbelowtheaverageannualtemperature(theaverageannualtemperatureinthecoreofthedamisZoCto3°Chigherthantheaverageannualtemperatureofthearea).Iftheareaaveragetemperatureisbelowzero,theconcreteshouldbecooledtoatempera-tureofnotmorethan+1to+ZoC.Suchaprocedureinvolvesalongtimeandhighcost.TheRussianMamakanandZeyadamsarehammerheadtype(buttresstype).Thistype ofdamprovideseasyaccesstotheslotsfromthehollowspaces.Concretingoftheslotsisperformedafterwarmingupthesurfacesofslotsbymeansofelectricheaters.Afterfillingthereservoir,thetemperatureofthedambodywillriseandtheconcreteplugswillbecompressed.Anotherproblemispreventionofthenegativeeffectonthestressstateofthedamcausedbyfreezingofthedownstreampartofthedam.StaticanalysisandmodeltestsperformedforgravitydamslocatedinSiberia(annualaveragetemperature_ZoCto_4°C)showedthatforthewinter,thefrostcanpenetratetothecenterofthedam,causingopeningofthehorizontaljointsand,asaconsequence,tensilestressesontheupperfaceofthedam(reductionsinthecompressivestressesofupto30percentweredemonstrated).Forthisreason,hammerheadormassivebuttressdamswithheatinginsidethehollowswerebuiltinRussia(Mamakan,Zeya,Bratsk,Buchtarma)insteadofmassivegravitydams.AttheMamakandam,theelectricheatingsystemisinoperationforonetooneandahalfmonthsayear,andthecapacityoftheheatersis80kW.Anothermethodofpreventingfreez-ingistoinsulatethedownstreamfaceofthedam.Consolidationofanarchdamismucheasierbecausearchdamsdonothavelongitudinalconstructionjoints.Concretingoftheslotsaftercoolingthemonolithbelowtheaveragetemperaturewillproduceaneffectsimilartoheatinggravitymonoliths.Ingeneral,archdams,sincetheyaremoreflexibleandsmallervolumeworkingstructures,cancopemoreeasilywithseveretemperatureconditionsthangravitydams.Nonetheless,someimprovementsofthepresentlyproposedarchdamarelikelytobenecessary.(1)Anabutmentpadshouldbeused.Itfunctionsasatransitionstructurebetweenarchandrock,andassuch,maybethickened,widenedandreinforcedasnecessary.Inaddition,theabutmentpadmaybeusedtoimprovesymmetryofthecanyonprofile.(Z)Atwo-centereddamlayoutwithtwoseparatepairsoflinesofcenters,oneforeachsideofthedam,shouldbeusedtocopewiththeunsymmetricalshapeofthecanyon.(3)Theslendernessofthedamis~~56=0.135(basethicknesstoheight),anditrequiresreevaluationinlightofseismicandtemperatureconditions.5-139 Theslendernesscoefficientshouldprobablybeincreasedto0.16andthebasethicknessto0.16x635=101.6feet(31m).Note,however,thatevenifitisconsideredthatanearthfill,rockfilldamorconcrete-gravitydamshouldbeconsideredforFERClicensingapplication,somebackgroundinformationshouldbedevelopedforanarchdam.Laterstudiesmaypossiblyindicatetechnicalfeasibilityoreconomicandenvironmentaldesirability,andtheoptiontoreverttothearchdesignshouldbemaintainedopenforaslongaspossible.(d)ScheduleWeeks45through655-140Theslendernesscoefficientshouldprobablybeincreasedto0.16andthebasethicknessto0.16x635=101.6feet(31m).Note,however,thatevenifitisconsideredthatanearthfill,rockfilldamorconcrete-gravitydamshouldbeconsideredforFERClicensingapplication,somebackgroundinformationshouldbedevelopedforanarchdam.Laterstudiesmaypossiblyindicatetechnicalfeasibilityoreconomicandenvironmentaldesirability,andtheoptiontoreverttothearchdesignshouldbemaintainedopenforaslongaspossible.(d)ScheduleWeeks45through655-140 !ISubtask6.05-DevelopmentSelectionReport(a)ObjectiveTodocumenttheresultsoftheinitialstudiesundertakentoestablishtheoptimumdevelopmentoftheSusitnaRiver.(b)ApproachThistaskwillessentiallycomprisethedetaileddocumentationoftheworkundertakeninSubtask6.03tocompareandevaluatealternativemeansofdevelopingthefullhydroelectricpotentialoftheSusitnaRiver.Theendproductreport,inadditiontoprovidingAPAwithaninterimrecommendationastothecontinueddirectionofthestudy,willbeanessentialvehicleforthetransmissionofinformationtoothertasksoftheoverallstudy,andinparticulartoTask7 -EnvironmentalStudies,Task8 -TransmissionStudiesandTask9 -CostEstimatesandSchedules.Theprincipalactivitesinthissubtaskwillcomprisethefollowing:AssemblyandreviewofmaterialdevelopedinSubtasks6.01through6.03.Assemblyandreviewofmaterialdevelopedinotherparalleltaskstodate,withparticularreferencetoenvironmentalstudies(Task7),andtoTasks3through5coveringhydrology,seismicityandgeotech-nicalexploration.Ofparticularinterestfromtheseparallelstudieswillbethepreliminaryidentificationofmajorimpactsonthefeasibilityofvariousalternativesunderstudy.-Assemblyofadraftreportincorporatingthekeyfindingsofthestudiestodateandputtingforwarddraftrecommendationsforthedirectionofcontinuingstudies.-DetailedreviewofthedraftreportwithAPAandEngineeringReviewPanel.Finalizationandissueofreport.(c)DiscussionThisreportwillbedevelopedincloseconsultationwiththeAPAandwillbeissuedasapublicdocument.Akeyfacetwillbetherecom-mendation,arisingfromthestudiesinSubtask6.01through6.03,astowhetherornottheWatana/DevilCanyoncombinationisthemostappropriatemodeofdevelopmentoftheSusitnaRiver.ThebalanceofthestudyprogramsetoutinthisPlanofStudyhasbeenassembledontheassumptionthatWatana/DevilCanyonwillbeselected.Shouldthisnotprovetobethecase,amajorreassessmentwillhavetobemadeofthescope,costandscheduleforthebalanceoftheworkprogramlead-ingtolicenseapplication.(d)ScheduleWeeks50through655-141!ISubtask6.05-DevelopmentSelectionReport(a)ObjectiveTodocumenttheresultsoftheinitialstudiesundertakentoestablishtheoptimumdevelopmentoftheSusitnaRiver.(b)ApproachThistaskwillessentiallycomprisethedetaileddocumentationoftheworkundertakeninSubtask6.03tocompareandevaluatealternativemeansofdevelopingthefullhydroelectricpotentialoftheSusitnaRiver.Theendproductreport,inadditiontoprovidingAPAwithaninterimrecommendationastothecontinueddirectionofthestudy,willbeanessentialvehicleforthetransmissionofinformationtoothertasksoftheoverallstudy,andinparticulartoTask7 -EnvironmentalStudies,Task8 -TransmissionStudiesandTask9 -CostEstimatesandSchedules.Theprincipalactivitesinthissubtaskwillcomprisethefollowing:AssemblyandreviewofmaterialdevelopedinSubtasks6.01through6.03.Assemblyandreviewofmaterialdevelopedinotherparalleltaskstodate,withparticularreferencetoenvironmentalstudies(Task7),andtoTasks3through5coveringhydrology,seismicityandgeotech-nicalexploration.Ofparticularinterestfromtheseparallelstudieswillbethepreliminaryidentificationofmajorimpactsonthefeasibilityofvariousalternativesunderstudy.-Assemblyofadraftreportincorporatingthekeyfindingsofthestudiestodateandputtingforwarddraftrecommendationsforthedirectionofcontinuingstudies.-DetailedreviewofthedraftreportwithAPAandEngineeringReviewPanel.Finalizationandissueofreport.(c)DiscussionThisreportwillbedevelopedincloseconsultationwiththeAPAandwillbeissuedasapublicdocument.Akeyfacetwillbetherecom-mendation,arisingfromthestudiesinSubtask6.01through6.03,astowhetherornottheWatana/DevilCanyoncombinationisthemostappropriatemodeofdevelopmentoftheSusitnaRiver.ThebalanceofthestudyprogramsetoutinthisPlanofStudyhasbeenassembledontheassumptionthatWatana/DevilCanyonwillbeselected.Shouldthisnotprovetobethecase,amajorreassessmentwillhavetobemadeofthescope,costandscheduleforthebalanceoftheworkprogramlead-ingtolicenseapplication.(d)ScheduleWeeks50through655-141 Subtask6.06-WatanaandDevilCanyonStagedDevelopment(a)ObjectiveReviewthepotentialforstageddevelopmentofWatanaandDevilCanyontobestmeetprojectedpowerandenergyrequirementsanddevelopastagedconstructionplan.(b)ApproachItistobeexpectedthattherateofloadgrowthinthegeographicalareatowhichtheSusitnaProjectwillcontributewillbesuchthatitmaybepossibletoobtainsignificanteconomiesbyacarefully-stagedsequenceofconstructionandpowerfacilityinstallation.Thiscon-structionsequencingwillhavetobeappropriatelyintegratedwithbasicconstructionscheduling,diversionandimpoundingrequirementsforthetwodevelopments.ThestartingpointandprimarysourceofinputdataforthissubtaskwillbetheevaluationofalternativemodesofdevelopmentcompletedunderSubtask6.03.Theprincipalactivitiestobeundertakeninclude:-FromthepowerstudiesundertakeninTask1,theanticipatedrate(orrangeofrates)ofloadgrowthwillbeestablishedandagreeduponwithAPA.-UsingtheschemeofdevelopmentrecommendedinTask6.04asabasis,aseriesofalternativesequencesofdevelopmentwillbeassembled.Thesealternativesequenceswillincorporatephasingofdam,powerplantandtransmissionconstructiondesignedtomatchtherate(s)ofloadgrowthobtainedabove.-Preliminarycostestimateswillbedevelopedforeachstageofeachofthedevelopmentsequences.-Estimateswillbepreparedofpowerandenergyoutputthroughouteachsequenceofdevelopment.-Constructioncostestimateswillbeconvertedtoannualcash/flowfigures.ThecomparativeeconomicsofthevarioussequenceswillbecomparedonanetpresentworthbasisusingAcres'ECONcomputerprogramtoidentifythemosteconomicalternative.Thecomparisonswillbemadeforarangeofinterestanddiscountrates.-Otheraspectsofthetwoorthreemostattractivealternativeswillbeexaminedtoassesspotentialenvironmentalimpacts.-ThemostappropriatesequenceofdevelopmentforpreliminarydesignoftheWatanaandDevilCanyonprojectswi11beselectedanddesigntransmittalforAPAreviewwillbeprepared••5-142Subtask6.06-WatanaandDevilCanyonStagedDevelopment(a)ObjectiveReviewthepotentialforstageddevelopmentofWatanaandDevilCanyontobestmeetprojectedpowerandenergyrequirementsanddevelopastagedconstructionplan.(b)ApproachItistobeexpectedthattherateofloadgrowthinthegeographicalareatowhichtheSusitnaProjectwillcontributewillbesuchthatitmaybepossibletoobtainsignificanteconomiesbyacarefully-stagedsequenceofconstructionandpowerfacilityinstallation.Thiscon-structionsequencingwillhavetobeappropriatelyintegratedwithbasicconstructionscheduling,diversionandimpoundingrequirementsforthetwodevelopments.ThestartingpointandprimarysourceofinputdataforthissubtaskwillbetheevaluationofalternativemodesofdevelopmentcompletedunderSubtask6.03.Theprincipalactivitiestobeundertakeninclude:-FromthepowerstudiesundertakeninTask1,theanticipatedrate(orrangeofrates)ofloadgrowthwillbeestablishedandagreeduponwithAPA.-UsingtheschemeofdevelopmentrecommendedinTask6.04asabasis,aseriesofalternativesequencesofdevelopmentwillbeassembled.Thesealternativesequenceswillincorporatephasingofdam,powerplantandtransmissionconstructiondesignedtomatchtherate(s)ofloadgrowthobtainedabove.-Preliminarycostestimateswillbedevelopedforeachstageofeachofthedevelopmentsequences.-Estimateswillbepreparedofpowerandenergyoutputthroughouteachsequenceofdevelopment.-Constructioncostestimateswillbeconvertedtoannualcash/flowfigures.ThecomparativeeconomicsofthevarioussequenceswillbecomparedonanetpresentworthbasisusingAcres'ECONcomputerprogramtoidentifythemosteconomicalternative.Thecomparisonswillbemadeforarangeofinterestanddiscountrates.-Otheraspectsofthetwoorthreemostattractivealternativeswillbeexaminedtoassesspotentialenvironmentalimpacts.-ThemostappropriatesequenceofdevelopmentforpreliminarydesignoftheWatanaandDevilCanyonprojectswi11beselectedanddesigntransmittalforAPAreviewwillbeprepared••5-142 (c)DiscussionTheultimatesequenceofdevelopmentcouldinvolvepartial-heightdamconstruction,aswellaspartialinstallationsofpowerplantcapa-city.Thosesequenceswhichinvolveoperationatintermediatewaterlevelswillrequirenotonlythatspecialprovisionsbemadeinintakeandspillwaydesigns,butalsothattheunitsbecapableofcontinu-ous,reliableandefficientoperationatparthead.Preliminarylay-outsketcheswillhavetobepreparedforeachofthestagesofdevelopmentforeachsequence,bothtoensurethatanypotentialconstructionordesignproblemsareidentifiedandtoprovideabasisforthetake-offofpreliminaryquantitiesandcosts.Althoughitisobviouslyunwisetoprejudgetheissueatthisstage,itmaywellbethatanyattempttoextendtheconstruction/instal-lationscheduletomatchtheloaddemandwillprovetobeuneconomicalbecauseofthehighcostsassociatedwithextendedmaintenanceorrestartingofaconstructionoperationinthesevereenvironmentoftheSusitnaRiversites.Costsassociatedwithconstructioninthisclimatewillbefactoredintotheeconomicanalyses.(d)Schedu1eWeeks60through755-143(c)DiscussionTheultimatesequenceofdevelopmentcouldinvolvepartial-heightdamconstruction,aswellaspartialinstallationsofpowerplantcapa-city.Thosesequenceswhichinvolveoperationatintermediatewaterlevelswillrequirenotonlythatspecialprovisionsbemadeinintakeandspillwaydesigns,butalsothattheunitsbecapableofcontinu-ous,reliableandefficientoperationatparthead.Preliminarylay-outsketcheswillhavetobepreparedforeachofthestagesofdevelopmentforeachsequence,bothtoensurethatanypotentialconstructionordesignproblemsareidentifiedandtoprovideabasisforthetake-offofpreliminaryquantitiesandcosts.Althoughitisobviouslyunwisetoprejudgetheissueatthisstage,itmaywellbethatanyattempttoextendtheconstruction/instal-lationscheduletomatchtheloaddemandwillprovetobeuneconomicalbecauseofthehighcostsassociatedwithextendedmaintenanceorrestartingofaconstructionoperationinthesevereenvironmentoftheSusitnaRiversites.Costsassociatedwithconstructioninthisclimatewillbefactoredintotheeconomicanalyses.(d)Schedu1eWeeks60through755-143 Subtask6.07-PreliminaryWatanaDamAlternatives(a)ObjectiveEstablishthemostappropriatetypeofdamfortheWatanaSite.(b)ApproachOntheassumptionthatthepreliminarystudiescompletedinSubtasks6.01through6.03showthatthetwo-damWatana/DevilCanyonschemeofdevelopmentispreferred,thissubtaskwillreviewallpreviouslyavailabledata,andnewinformationdevelopedinthecourseofthisprogramofstudytodeterminethemostappropriatedesignfortheWatanaSite.Thefollowingspecificactivitiesareenvisaged:-AssembleallavailableinformationfortheWatanadamsitewithregardtothefollowing:topography(fromTask2)soilconditions(Task5)rockconditions(Task5)constructionmaterials(Task5)seismicconditions(Task4)-Developpreliminarydesignofalternativedams;thesemayinclude:concretegravity/buttressconcretearchrockfill/earthfill-Preparepreliminarylayoutsketchesoftheselecteddesignsandobtainpreliminaryestimatesofprincipalquantities,including:excavation(soilandrock)groutingconcreteandformworkrockfill/earthfillspecialfillmaterialssuchastransitionorcorematerial-Reviewimpactofalternativedamdesignsonotherstructuresincluding:diversiontunnelsandassociatedcofferdams--spillwayandoutletworks--intake/powertunnel/powerhousesystems-Developfirst-ordercostestimatestomeasureultimateeffectonoverallcostofthefacilityforthevarioustypesofdam-Developpreliminarycostestimatesforalternativetypesofdam,givingappropriaterecognitiontocostsassociatedwith:materialsourcesweatherconditionslaboravailability5-144Subtask6.07-PreliminaryWatanaDamAlternatives(a)ObjectiveEstablishthemostappropriatetypeofdamfortheWatanaSite.(b)ApproachOntheassumptionthatthepreliminarystudiescompletedinSubtasks6.01through6.03showthatthetwo-damWatana/DevilCanyonschemeofdevelopmentispreferred,thissubtaskwillreviewallpreviouslyavailabledata,andnewinformationdevelopedinthecourseofthisprogramofstudytodeterminethemostappropriatedesignfortheWatanaSite.Thefollowingspecificactivitiesareenvisaged:-AssembleallavailableinformationfortheWatanadamsitewithregardtothefollowing:topography(fromTask2)soilconditions(Task5)rockconditions(Task5)constructionmaterials(Task5)seismicconditions(Task4)-Developpreliminarydesignofalternativedams;thesemayinclude:concretegravity/buttressconcretearchrockfill/earthfill-Preparepreliminarylayoutsketchesoftheselecteddesignsandobtainpreliminaryestimatesofprincipalquantities,including:excavation(soilandrock)groutingconcreteandformworkrockfill/earthfillspecialfillmaterialssuchastransitionorcorematerial-Reviewimpactofalternativedamdesignsonotherstructuresincluding:diversiontunnelsandassociatedcofferdams--spillwayandoutletworks--intake/powertunnel/powerhousesystems-Developfirst-ordercostestimatestomeasureultimateeffectonoverallcostofthefacilityforthevarioustypesofdam-Developpreliminarycostestimatesforalternativetypesofdam,givingappropriaterecognitiontocostsassociatedwith:materialsourcesweatherconditionslaboravailability5-144 -Prepareconstructionschedulesforthealternativetypesofdam,andprepareannualcashflowestimatesforthedamsandforthesignifi-cantcostsassociatedwithancillarystructures.Preparesummarizedpresent-worthcomparisonofcosts.-Review"other"factors,suchasunknownfoundationconditions,constructionconsiderations,seismicityandenvironmentaleffectswhichmightinfluencetheselectionofdamtype.-Assembleandassessresultsofsubtaskanalyses,andselecttypeofdamforrecommendationtotheEngineeringPanelandAPAforongoingstudies.(c)DiscussionThedesignproposedbytheCorpsofEngineersfortheWatanadamcomprisesan810foothighrockfillstructurewithaninclinedcentralimperviouscore;thecore,anda"semi-porousfill"zone,isflankedbytwofine/coarsefilterzones.TheCorpsreportsindicatethatexplorationstodatehavedemonstratedtheavailabilityofsufficientquantitiesofmaterialforthecoreandsemi-perviouszones,andsuggestthatrockfillfortheshellswillbeobtainedfromtheexcava-tionsforthespillwayandfromquarriesopenedforthepurpose.ThepurposeofthissubtaskessentiallywillbetoreviewthedamselectionmadebytheCorpsinthelightofthepreliminarystudiesandadditionalfieldexplorationcarriedouttodateduringthisstudyprogram.Itis,ofcourse,recognizedthatarockfill/earthfilldam,whichcanbeconstructedfromlocallyavailablematerialsandwhichmaybelesssensitivetounknownfoundationconditions,ismostlikelytobethebestchoiceforasiteofthistype.However,itwillbeappropriatetomakeacarefulreviewofthisselectionbeforeproceed-ingfurtherwiththedesignprogramtoensurethatcertainotherfeaturesofconcrete-typedams,suchasreducedintake,spillwayanddiversioncosts,mightnotoffsettheapparentadvantagesoftherockfill/earthfilldesign.(d)ScheduleWeeks60through755-145-Prepareconstructionschedulesforthealternativetypesofdam,andprepareannualcashflowestimatesforthedamsandforthesignifi-cantcostsassociatedwithancillarystructures.Preparesummarizedpresent-worthcomparisonofcosts.-Review"other"factors,suchasunknownfoundationconditions,constructionconsiderations,seismicityandenvironmentaleffectswhichmightinfluencetheselectionofdamtype.-Assembleandassessresultsofsubtaskanalyses,andselecttypeofdamforrecommendationtotheEngineeringPanelandAPAforongoingstudies.(c)DiscussionThedesignproposedbytheCorpsofEngineersfortheWatanadamcomprisesan810foothighrockfillstructurewithaninclinedcentralimperviouscore;thecore,anda"semi-porousfill"zone,isflankedbytwofine/coarsefilterzones.TheCorpsreportsindicatethatexplorationstodatehavedemonstratedtheavailabilityofsufficientquantitiesofmaterialforthecoreandsemi-perviouszones,andsuggestthatrockfillfortheshellswillbeobtainedfromtheexcava-tionsforthespillwayandfromquarriesopenedforthepurpose.ThepurposeofthissubtaskessentiallywillbetoreviewthedamselectionmadebytheCorpsinthelightofthepreliminarystudiesandadditionalfieldexplorationcarriedouttodateduringthisstudyprogram.Itis,ofcourse,recognizedthatarockfill/earthfilldam,whichcanbeconstructedfromlocallyavailablematerialsandwhichmaybelesssensitivetounknownfoundationconditions,ismostlikelytobethebestchoiceforasiteofthistype.However,itwillbeappropriatetomakeacarefulreviewofthisselectionbeforeproceed-ingfurtherwiththedesignprogramtoensurethatcertainotherfeaturesofconcrete-typedams,suchasreducedintake,spillwayanddiversioncosts,mightnotoffsettheapparentadvantagesoftherockfill/earthfilldesign.(d)ScheduleWeeks60through755-145 Subtask6.08-PreliminaryDevilCanyonAlternatives(a)ObjectiveEstablishthemostappropriateaxisandtypeofdamfortheDevilCanyonSite.(b)ApproachIfthepreliminarystudiescompletedinSubtasks6.01through6.03showthatthetwo-damWatana/Devi1Canyonschemeofdevelopmentispreferred,thissubtaskwillreviewallavailabledata,collectedpreviouslyandnewinformationdevelopedinthecourseofthisprogramofstudytodeterminethemostappropriatedesignfortheDevilCanyonSite.Subtask6.04providesinputforreviewingthefeasibilityofanarchdamatDevilCanyon.Afterthemostfavorablealternativeisselected,variousaxesforthedamwillbeselectedforeconomiccomparison.Thefollowingspecificactivitiesareenvisaged:-AssembleallavailableinformationfortheDevilCanyondamsitewithregardtothefollowing:topography(fromTask2)soilconditions(Task5)rockconditions(Task5)constructionmaterials(Task5)seismicconditions(Task4)-Developpreliminarydesignofalternativedams;thesemayinclude:concretegravity/buttressconcretearch(using,ifappropriate,materialdevelopedinSubtask6.04)rockfill/earthfill-Preparepreliminarylayoutsketchesoftheselecteddesignsandobtainpreliminaryestimatesofprincipalquantities,including:excavation(soilandrock)grouting/draingageconcreteandformworkrockfill/earthfillspecialfillmaterialssuchastransitionorcorematerial-Reviewimpactofalternativedamdesignsonotherstructuresincluding:diversiontunnelsandassociatedcofferdams--spillwayandoutletworks--intake/powertunnel/powerhousesystemsDevelopfirst-ordercostestimatestomeasureultimateeffectonoverallcostofthefacilityforthevarioustypesofdam5-146Subtask6.08-PreliminaryDevilCanyonAlternatives(a)ObjectiveEstablishthemostappropriateaxisandtypeofdamfortheDevilCanyonSite.(b)ApproachIfthepreliminarystudiescompletedinSubtasks6.01through6.03showthatthetwo-damWatana/Devi1Canyonschemeofdevelopmentispreferred,thissubtaskwillreviewallavailabledata,collectedpreviouslyandnewinformationdevelopedinthecourseofthisprogramofstudytodeterminethemostappropriatedesignfortheDevilCanyonSite.Subtask6.04providesinputforreviewingthefeasibilityofanarchdamatDevilCanyon.Afterthemostfavorablealternativeisselected,variousaxesforthedamwillbeselectedforeconomiccomparison.Thefollowingspecificactivitiesareenvisaged:-AssembleallavailableinformationfortheDevilCanyondamsitewithregardtothefollowing:topography(fromTask2)soilconditions(Task5)rockconditions(Task5)constructionmaterials(Task5)seismicconditions(Task4)-Developpreliminarydesignofalternativedams;thesemayinclude:concretegravity/buttressconcretearch(using,ifappropriate,materialdevelopedinSubtask6.04)rockfill/earthfill-Preparepreliminarylayoutsketchesoftheselecteddesignsandobtainpreliminaryestimatesofprincipalquantities,including:excavation(soilandrock)grouting/draingageconcreteandformworkrockfill/earthfillspecialfillmaterialssuchastransitionorcorematerial-Reviewimpactofalternativedamdesignsonotherstructuresincluding:diversiontunnelsandassociatedcofferdams--spillwayandoutletworks--intake/powertunnel/powerhousesystemsDevelopfirst-ordercostestimatestomeasureultimateeffectonoverallcostofthefacilityforthevarioustypesofdam5-146 -Developpreliminarycostestimatesforthealternativetypesofdam,givingappropriaterecognitiontocostsassociatedwith:materialsources--weatherconditions--laboravailability-Prepareconstructionschedulesforthealternativetypesofdam,andprepareannualcashflowestimatesforthedamsandforthesignificantcostsassociatedwiththeancillarystructures.Preparesummarizedpresent-worthcomparisonofcosts.-Review"other"factors,suchasunknownfoundationconditions,constructionconsiderations,seismicityandenvironmentaleffectswhichmightinfluencetheselectionofdamtype.-Assembleandassessresultsofsubtaskanalyses,andselecttypeofdamforrecommendationtoEngineeringPanelandAPAforongoingstudies.(c)DiscussionTheoriginaldesignrecommendedbytheCorpsofEngineersfortheDevilCanyonsitewasadoublecurvaturearchdam;asdiscussedinSubtask6.04.Thiswassubsequentlysupplementedbyanalternativeconventionalgravitydamtoensurethattheestimatecontainedsufficientcosttoallowconstructionofeithertypeshouldsiteconditionsallow.Thefeasibilityoftheconstructionofanarchdamwillbere-examinedspecificallyinSubtask6.04,andshouldresultsofthatworkindicatenoreasonwhyitshouldbeeliminatedfromfurthercontention,itwillbeincludedamongthealternativesexaminedhere.(d)ScheduleWeeks60through755-147-Developpreliminarycostestimatesforthealternativetypesofdam,givingappropriaterecognitiontocostsassociatedwith:materialsources--weatherconditions--laboravailability-Prepareconstructionschedulesforthealternativetypesofdam,andprepareannualcashflowestimatesforthedamsandforthesignificantcostsassociatedwiththeancillarystructures.Preparesummarizedpresent-worthcomparisonofcosts.-Review"other"factors,suchasunknownfoundationconditions,constructionconsiderations,seismicityandenvironmentaleffectswhichmightinfluencetheselectionofdamtype.-Assembleandassessresultsofsubtaskanalyses,andselecttypeofdamforrecommendationtoEngineeringPanelandAPAforongoingstudies.(c)DiscussionTheoriginaldesignrecommendedbytheCorpsofEngineersfortheDevilCanyonsitewasadoublecurvaturearchdam;asdiscussedinSubtask6.04.Thiswassubsequentlysupplementedbyanalternativeconventionalgravitydamtoensurethattheestimatecontainedsufficientcosttoallowconstructionofeithertypeshouldsiteconditionsallow.Thefeasibilityoftheconstructionofanarchdamwillbere-examinedspecificallyinSubtask6.04,andshouldresultsofthatworkindicatenoreasonwhyitshouldbeeliminatedfromfurthercontention,itwillbeincludedamongthealternativesexaminedhere.(d)ScheduleWeeks60through755-147 -Electrical:Subtask6.09-EstablishDesignCriteriafortheWatanaDevelopment(a)ObjectiveToestablishpreliminarydesigncriteriafortheWatanahydroelectricdevelopment.(b)ApproachDocumentationofthefollowingcriteriarelatedtothedesignoftheWatanadevelopmentwillbeinitiatedinthissubtask:-Hydraulic:-reservoirlevels-storagevolumes-rulecurves-powerflows-Geotechnical:-foundationconditions-foundationtreatmentrequirements-constructionmaterialsproperties-seismicdesignconditions-slopestabilityrequirement,soilandrock-Structural:-loadingconditions-upliftpressures-windloads-temperatureconditionsandloads-materialdesignproperties-stabilityanalysisprocedures-Mechanical:-turbinedesignrequirements-powerplantmechanicalsystems-gatedesignrequirements-cranedesignrequirements-generatordesignrequirements-powerplantelectricalsystems-transmissionrequirements-ancillaryelectricalequipmentrequirements-General:-designcodesandstandards-specialAlaskaorsite-relatedrequirements-transportationlimitations-iceconditions(c)DiscussionItisanticipatedthattheassemblyofthisdesigncriteriadocumentwillbeundertakenovertheperiodthatthedesignsofthedam,spillwayandpowerplantaredeveloped,andthatthisdocumentwillprovidethefoundationofthedesignprograminworksubsequenttothelicenseapplications.(d)ScheduleWeeks80through955-148-Electrical:Subtask6.09-EstablishDesignCriteriafortheWatanaDevelopment(a)ObjectiveToestablishpreliminarydesigncriteriafortheWatanahydroelectricdevelopment.(b)ApproachDocumentationofthefollowingcriteriarelatedtothedesignoftheWatanadevelopmentwillbeinitiatedinthissubtask:-Hydraulic:-reservoirlevels-storagevolumes-rulecurves-powerflows-Geotechnical:-foundationconditions-foundationtreatmentrequirements-constructionmaterialsproperties-seismicdesignconditions-slopestabilityrequirement,soilandrock-Structural:-loadingconditions-upliftpressures-windloads-temperatureconditionsandloads-materialdesignproperties-stabilityanalysisprocedures-Mechanical:-turbinedesignrequirements-powerplantmechanicalsystems-gatedesignrequirements-cranedesignrequirements-generatordesignrequirements-powerplantelectricalsystems-transmissionrequirements-ancillaryelectricalequipmentrequirements-General:-designcodesandstandards-specialAlaskaorsite-relatedrequirements-transportationlimitations-iceconditions(c)DiscussionItisanticipatedthattheassemblyofthisdesigncriteriadocumentwillbeundertakenovertheperiodthatthedesignsofthedam,spillwayandpowerplantaredeveloped,andthatthisdocumentwillprovidethefoundationofthedesignprograminworksubsequenttothelicenseapplications.(d)ScheduleWeeks80through955-148 Subtask6.10-EstablishDesignCriteriafortheDevilCanyonDevelopment(a)ObjectiveToestablishpreliminarydesigncriteriafortheDevilCanyonhydroelectricdevelopment.(b)ApproachDocumentationofthefollowingcriteriarelatedtothedesignoftheWatanadevelopmentwillbeinitiatedinthissubtask:-Hydraulic:-reservoirlevels-storagevolumes-rulecurves-powerflows-Geotechnical:-foundationconditions-foundationtreatmentrequirements-constructionmaterialsproperties-seismicdesignconditions-slopestabilityrequirement,soilandrock-Structural:-loadingconditions-upliftpressures-windloads-temperatureconditionsandloads-materialdesignproperties-stabilityanalysisprocedures-Mechanical:-turbinedesignrequirements-powerplantmechanicalsystems-gatedesignrequirements-cranedesignrequirements-Electrical:-Genera1:(c)Discussion-generatordesignrequirements-powerplantelectricalsystems-transmissionrequirements-ancillaryelectricalequipmentrequirements-designcodesandstandards-specialAlaskaorsite-relatedrequirements-transportationlimitations-iceconditionsItisanticipatedthattheassemblyofthisdesigncriteriadocumentwillbeundertakenovertheperiodthatthedesignsofthedam,spillwayandpowerplantaredeveloped,andthatthisdocumentwillprovidethefoundationofthedesignprograminworksubsequenttothelicenseapplications.(d)ScheduleWeeks80through955-149Subtask6.10-EstablishDesignCriteriafortheDevilCanyonDevelopment(a)ObjectiveToestablishpreliminarydesigncriteriafortheDevilCanyonhydroelectricdevelopment.(b)ApproachDocumentationofthefollowingcriteriarelatedtothedesignoftheWatanadevelopmentwillbeinitiatedinthissubtask:-Hydraulic:-reservoirlevels-storagevolumes-rulecurves-powerflows-Geotechnical:-foundationconditions-foundationtreatmentrequirements-constructionmaterialsproperties-seismicdesignconditions-slopestabilityrequirement,soilandrock-Structural:-loadingconditions-upliftpressures-windloads-temperatureconditionsandloads-materialdesignproperties-stabilityanalysisprocedures-Mechanical:-turbinedesignrequirements-powerplantmechanicalsystems-gatedesignrequirements-cranedesignrequirements-Electrical:-Genera1:(c)Discussion-generatordesignrequirements-powerplantelectricalsystems-transmissionrequirements-ancillaryelectricalequipmentrequirements-designcodesandstandards-specialAlaskaorsite-relatedrequirements-transportationlimitations-iceconditionsItisanticipatedthattheassemblyofthisdesigncriteriadocumentwillbeundertakenovertheperiodthatthedesignsofthedam,spillwayandpowerplantaredeveloped,andthatthisdocumentwillprovidethefoundationofthedesignprograminworksubsequenttothelicenseapplications.(d)ScheduleWeeks80through955-149 Subtask6.11-PreliminaryDesignofWatanaDam(a)ObjectiveTopreparethepreliminarydesignandassociatedcostestimateandconstructionschedulefortheWatanaDam.(b)ApproachThissubtaskwillbeinitiatedoncethepreliminarystudyofalterna-tivedamsections,undertakeninSubtask6.08,hasbeencompletedandapproved.Theprimaryinputtothissubtask,oncethetype ofdamhasbeenestablished,willbetheresultsofthefieldinvestigations(Task5)andtheseismicstudies(Task4).CostestimatingdatawillbeprovidedthroughTask9.Specificactivitiestobeundertakenwillinclude:-Assemblyandreviewofmostrecentfieldandseismicstudydata;-Preparationofapreliminarylayoutofthedamdimensionedtomeetthebasicrequirementsoftheprojectdesigncriteria;-Developmentofappropriatepreliminarydesigndetails,includinggroutingandpressurereliefprovisions,foundationandabutmentpreparationasrequiredbythebasicdamdesignwithinthecontextofthegeotechnicalconditions;-Preparationofpreliminarystabilityanalysesforthecriticalconditionssetoutinthepreliminarydesigncriteriadocument(Subtask6.09).GeotechnicaldesignparameterstobeprovidedonthebasisofresultsobtainedfromthelaboratorytestscarriedoutinTask5.Specificconditionswilldependuponthetypeofdamselected,butforarockfilldamwithacentralcore,wouldtypical-lyinclude:endofconstructionconventionalslopestabilityanalysisanalysisofrapiddrawdownconditionsutilizingresidualporepressures,andconventionalstabilityanalysisevaluationofmaximumW.L.andseismicloadsbydynamicanalysis,utilizingexcessporepressuregenerationapplicationtestsexaminationofstressanddeformationsbyfiniteelementanalysis-Reviewandadjustmentofdesigntoaccommodateanomaliesindicatedinthecourseofthestabilitystudiesundertakenabove-Reservoirstudies,including:reservoirslopestabilityassessmentinrelationtothawingpermafrostandgenerationofhighporepressuresreservoirslopestabilityduringseismicevents,includingimpactonliquefaction-sensitivesoilsandmassinstabilitiessnowslideassessment5-150Subtask6.11-PreliminaryDesignofWatanaDam(a)ObjectiveTopreparethepreliminarydesignandassociatedcostestimateandconstructionschedulefortheWatanaDam.(b)ApproachThissubtaskwillbeinitiatedoncethepreliminarystudyofalterna-tivedamsections,undertakeninSubtask6.08,hasbeencompletedandapproved.Theprimaryinputtothissubtask,oncethetype ofdamhasbeenestablished,willbetheresultsofthefieldinvestigations(Task5)andtheseismicstudies(Task4).CostestimatingdatawillbeprovidedthroughTask9.Specificactivitiestobeundertakenwillinclude:-Assemblyandreviewofmostrecentfieldandseismicstudydata;-Preparationofapreliminarylayoutofthedamdimensionedtomeetthebasicrequirementsoftheprojectdesigncriteria;-Developmentofappropriatepreliminarydesigndetails,includinggroutingandpressurereliefprovisions,foundationandabutmentpreparationasrequiredbythebasicdamdesignwithinthecontextofthegeotechnicalconditions;-Preparationofpreliminarystabilityanalysesforthecriticalconditionssetoutinthepreliminarydesigncriteriadocument(Subtask6.09).GeotechnicaldesignparameterstobeprovidedonthebasisofresultsobtainedfromthelaboratorytestscarriedoutinTask5.Specificconditionswilldependuponthetypeofdamselected,butforarockfilldamwithacentralcore,wouldtypical-lyinclude:endofconstructionconventionalslopestabilityanalysisanalysisofrapiddrawdownconditionsutilizingresidualporepressures,andconventionalstabilityanalysisevaluationofmaximumW.L.andseismicloadsbydynamicanalysis,utilizingexcessporepressuregenerationapplicationtestsexaminationofstressanddeformationsbyfiniteelementanalysis-Reviewandadjustmentofdesigntoaccommodateanomaliesindicatedinthecourseofthestabilitystudiesundertakenabove-Reservoirstudies,including:reservoirslopestabilityassessmentinrelationtothawingpermafrostandgenerationofhighporepressuresreservoirslopestabilityduringseismicevents,includingimpactonliquefaction-sensitivesoilsandmassinstabilitiessnowslideassessment5-150 -Computationofquantitiesanddevelopmentofestimateofcostforthedamandassociatedcofferdamsanddiversiontunnels-Developmentofdamconstructionschedule-Preparationofmaterialforinputtodamselectionreport(c)DiscussionInthedevelopmentofthedamdesign,thefollowingkeyaspectswillbetakenintoaccount:(1)FoundationandAbutmentConditionsStudyoffoundationandabutmentconditionswillincludeassess-mentoftheavailableinformationonoverburden,bedrock,struc-turalgeologyincludingidentificationoflocalshearzones,faultsandjointsetsandtheconsolidationandstrengthcharacteristics.Basedontheparametersfromtheassessment,thedesignwilldeterminefoundationseepage,permanentpressurerelief,foundationtreatment,consolidationandcurtaingroutingrequirements,abutmentstability,shapingofabutments,over-burdenandrockexcavationrequirementsandexcavationdewater-ing.Specialconsiderationswillbegiventoexcavationoflooseriverbedalluvium,talusmaterialsnearabutments.(2)ConstructionMaterialsStudyindetailtheavailabilityandsuitabilityofconstructionmaterialsandtheirmethodsofexploitationforearth/rockfillandconcretedamsandotherassociatedconcretestructures.Varioussourcesofimperviousmaterialaswellasarockquarryforrockfillmaterialsandconcreteaggregateswillbeinvestiga-tedinthefield.Evaluationofthefielddataandlaboratorytestresultswillbedonetodeterminethesuitabilityoftheconstructionmaterialsandtheparameterstobeusedinthedesign.Placingproblemsofimperviousfillsduetowetweatherandcoldclimaticconditionswillbestudiedonapreliminarybasis.Shearbehaviorofimperviousandshellmaterialswillbestudiedunderdynamicandhigh-confiningstresses.(3)SeismicEffectsDamagestodamsduringearthquakescanoccurasdeformationoftheembankmentcollapsesslopes,crackscoresandloosensthesoilmasses.Conventionalmethodscannotbeemployedforany-thingotherthanthecollapseofslopes.Inordertostudytheothertwoproblems,itwillbenecessarytostudythestressesanddeformationsproducedinembankmentsatthetimeofanearthquake.Themagnitudeofdeformationsandstressesthatdevelopwilldependonthetimeofoccurrenceofinertiaforcesinducedbythesuddengrounddisplacementsduringanearthquake.Alogicalmethodofdesignrequires:5-151-Computationofquantitiesanddevelopmentofestimateofcostforthedamandassociatedcofferdamsanddiversiontunnels-Developmentofdamconstructionschedule-Preparationofmaterialforinputtodamselectionreport(c)DiscussionInthedevelopmentofthedamdesign,thefollowingkeyaspectswillbetakenintoaccount:(1)FoundationandAbutmentConditionsStudyoffoundationandabutmentconditionswillincludeassess-mentoftheavailableinformationonoverburden,bedrock,struc-turalgeologyincludingidentificationoflocalshearzones,faultsandjointsetsandtheconsolidationandstrengthcharacteristics.Basedontheparametersfromtheassessment,thedesignwilldeterminefoundationseepage,permanentpressurerelief,foundationtreatment,consolidationandcurtaingroutingrequirements,abutmentstability,shapingofabutments,over-burdenandrockexcavationrequirementsandexcavationdewater-ing.Specialconsiderationswillbegiventoexcavationoflooseriverbedalluvium,talusmaterialsnearabutments.(2)ConstructionMaterialsStudyindetailtheavailabilityandsuitabilityofconstructionmaterialsandtheirmethodsofexploitationforearth/rockfillandconcretedamsandotherassociatedconcretestructures.Varioussourcesofimperviousmaterialaswellasarockquarryforrockfillmaterialsandconcreteaggregateswillbeinvestiga-tedinthefield.Evaluationofthefielddataandlaboratorytestresultswillbedonetodeterminethesuitabilityoftheconstructionmaterialsandtheparameterstobeusedinthedesign.Placingproblemsofimperviousfillsduetowetweatherandcoldclimaticconditionswillbestudiedonapreliminarybasis.Shearbehaviorofimperviousandshellmaterialswillbestudiedunderdynamicandhigh-confiningstresses.(3)SeismicEffectsDamagestodamsduringearthquakescanoccurasdeformationoftheembankmentcollapsesslopes,crackscoresandloosensthesoilmasses.Conventionalmethodscannotbeemployedforany-thingotherthanthecollapseofslopes.Inordertostudytheothertwoproblems,itwillbenecessarytostudythestressesanddeformationsproducedinembankmentsatthetimeofanearthquake.Themagnitudeofdeformationsandstressesthatdevelopwilldependonthetimeofoccurrenceofinertiaforcesinducedbythesuddengrounddisplacementsduringanearthquake.Alogicalmethodofdesignrequires:5-151 - adeterminationofthevariationofinertiaforceswithtime-anassessmentoftheembankmentdeformationsandstressesinducedbytheseforces.Simplifiednumericaltechniqueswhicharecomparabletodynamicfiniteelementanalysis,suchastheCharacteristicMethodincombinationwithothersimplifiedmethods,willbeusedfortheseismicanalysis.Thegroundmotioncharacteristics,thecyclicstress-straindataandthedynamicmaterialpropertiesobtainedfromTask4studieswillbeutilizedintheseismicdesignofearth/rockfilldamsandembankments.Thefollowingmeasureswillbeincludedinthedesigntoprecludethepossibilityoffailureormajordamageduringanearthquake:-avoidanceofmajorfaultsinthefoundation-provisionofsufficientverticalandhorizontaldrainage-provisionofamplefreeboard-useofwidetransitionzonesoffiltermaterialswhicharenotvulnerabletocrackinguseofwidecoresofmaterialswithself-healinganderosionresistantproperties-appropriateprovisionsforhandlingwaveeffectsduetoearth-quakesorlandslidesintothereservoir-provisionofappropriatecrestdetailstominimizeerosion-appropriatemeasurestopreventslopefailuresorslidingofthedamonitsfoundations-constructionofwell-compactedcOfferdamstobuttressmainsection(4)PermafrostStudiesPermafroststudieswillincludeapplicationofthestate-of-the-artinpermafrosttothedamdesign,assessingthedatafromthefieldinvestigationsanddeterminingpermafrostconditionsonfoundationandabutmentsandontheproposedfoundationtreatmentsuchasgrouting.(5)DamSectionsThedesignofdamfillsectionswillinvolvestudyoflayouts,zoningarrangementsforearth/rock-filldams,optimizationofdamslopes,requirementsforfilters,drainsandslopeprotectionriprap.Detailstabilityanalyses,staticanddynamicwillbedoneforvariousloadingconditionssuchasendofconstruction,long-termsteadyseepageandrapiddrawdown.DynamicloadingconditionswillbestudiedasmentionedinSection3underseis-miceffects.Thedesignwillincludesettlementandseepageanalysesinthefillandfoundationsanddeterminationofthetypeandscopeofinstrumentationtomeasuretheperformanceofthestructure.5-152- adeterminationofthevariationofinertiaforceswithtime-anassessmentoftheembankmentdeformationsandstressesinducedbytheseforces.Simplifiednumericaltechniqueswhicharecomparabletodynamicfiniteelementanalysis,suchastheCharacteristicMethodincombinationwithothersimplifiedmethods,willbeusedfortheseismicanalysis.Thegroundmotioncharacteristics,thecyclicstress-straindataandthedynamicmaterialpropertiesobtainedfromTask4studieswillbeutilizedintheseismicdesignofearth/rockfilldamsandembankments.Thefollowingmeasureswillbeincludedinthedesigntoprecludethepossibilityoffailureormajordamageduringanearthquake:-avoidanceofmajorfaultsinthefoundation-provisionofsufficientverticalandhorizontaldrainage-provisionofamplefreeboard-useofwidetransitionzonesoffiltermaterialswhicharenotvulnerabletocrackinguseofwidecoresofmaterialswithself-healinganderosionresistantproperties-appropriateprovisionsforhandlingwaveeffectsduetoearth-quakesorlandslidesintothereservoir-provisionofappropriatecrestdetailstominimizeerosion-appropriatemeasurestopreventslopefailuresorslidingofthedamonitsfoundations-constructionofwell-compactedcOfferdamstobuttressmainsection(4)PermafrostStudiesPermafroststudieswillincludeapplicationofthestate-of-the-artinpermafrosttothedamdesign,assessingthedatafromthefieldinvestigationsanddeterminingpermafrostconditionsonfoundationandabutmentsandontheproposedfoundationtreatmentsuchasgrouting.(5)DamSectionsThedesignofdamfillsectionswillinvolvestudyoflayouts,zoningarrangementsforearth/rock-filldams,optimizationofdamslopes,requirementsforfilters,drainsandslopeprotectionriprap.Detailstabilityanalyses,staticanddynamicwillbedoneforvariousloadingconditionssuchasendofconstruction,long-termsteadyseepageandrapiddrawdown.DynamicloadingconditionswillbestudiedasmentionedinSection3underseis-miceffects.Thedesignwillincludesettlementandseepageanalysesinthefillandfoundationsanddeterminationofthetypeandscopeofinstrumentationtomeasuretheperformanceofthestructure.5-152 (6)ConstructionSequenceandMethodThestudywillevaluatetheeffectsofconstructionsequenceandmethodssuchasstagedconstructiononcostandschedules.Also,itwilldetermineeffectsonmaterialsavailability,methodofplacementanddesignofdamzoningandcofferdamsandotherriverclosureprocedures.Constructionperiodwillbelargelyinfluencedbyclimaticconditionsintheprojectregion.Thiswillparticularlyaffecttheplacingofimperviousfillsandoverallconstructiontimeofthestructure.Thestudywillincludeassessingthenumberofwetdaysduringaconstructionseasonandthenumberofdaysoffreezinginayearthatwillprohibitplacing.(d)ScheduleWeeks85through1105-153(6)ConstructionSequenceandMethodThestudywillevaluatetheeffectsofconstructionsequenceandmethodssuchasstagedconstructiononcostandschedules.Also,itwilldetermineeffectsonmaterialsavailability,methodofplacementanddesignofdamzoningandcofferdamsandotherriverclosureprocedures.Constructionperiodwillbelargelyinfluencedbyclimaticconditionsintheprojectregion.Thiswillparticularlyaffecttheplacingofimperviousfillsandoverallconstructiontimeofthestructure.Thestudywillincludeassessingthenumberofwetdaysduringaconstructionseasonandthenumberofdaysoffreezinginayearthatwillprohibitplacing.(d)ScheduleWeeks85through1105-153 Subtask6.12-PreliminaryDesignofDevilCanyonDam(a)DbjectiveTopreparethepreliminarydesignandassociatedcostestimateandconstructionschedulefortheDevilCanyondam.(b)ApproachThissubtaskwillbeinitiatedoncethepreliminarystudyofalterna-tivedamsections,undertakeninSubtask6.D8,hasbeencompletedandapproved.Theprimaryinputtothissubtask,oncethetypeofdamhasbeenestablished,willbetheresultsofthefieldinvestigations(Task5)andtheseismicstudies(Task4).CostestimatingdatawillbeprovidedthroughTask9.Specificactivitiestobeundertakenwillinclude:-Assemblyandreviewofmostrecentfieldandseismicstudydata;-Preparationofapreliminarylayoutofthedamdimensionedtomeetthebasicrequirementsoftheprojectdesigncriteria;-Developmentofappropriatepreliminarydesigndetails,includinggroutingandpressurereliefprovisions,foundationandabutmentpreparationasrequiredbythebasicdamdesignwithinthecontextofthegeotechnicalconditions;-Preparationofpreliminarystabilityanalysesforthecriticalconditionssetoutinthepreliminarydesigncriteriadocument(Subtask6.10).FoundationdesignparametersaretobeprovidedonthebasisofresultsobtainedfromthelaboratorytestscarriedoutinTask5.Specificconditionswill,ofcourse,dependuponthetypeofdamselected,butforaconcretegravitydamwouldtypicallyinclude:conventionalstabilityandslidinganalysesandstressdistribu-tiononfoundationdeterminationofresponseoftheconcretedamtoseismicforcesexaminationofstressanddeformationsbyfiniteelementanalysis-FortheembankmentsectionstabilityanalysesasdiscussedinSubtask6.11willbeperformed.-Reviewandadjustmentofdesigntoaccommodateanomaliesindicatedinthecourseofthestabilitystudiesundertakenabove-Reservoirstudies,including:reservoirslopestabilityassessmentinrelationtothawingpermafrostandgenerationofhighporepressuresreservoirslopestabilityduringseismicevents,includingimpactonliquefaction-sensitivesoilsandmassinstabilitiessnowslideassessment5-154Subtask6.12-PreliminaryDesignofDevilCanyonDam(a)DbjectiveTopreparethepreliminarydesignandassociatedcostestimateandconstructionschedulefortheDevilCanyondam.(b)ApproachThissubtaskwillbeinitiatedoncethepreliminarystudyofalterna-tivedamsections,undertakeninSubtask6.D8,hasbeencompletedandapproved.Theprimaryinputtothissubtask,oncethetypeofdamhasbeenestablished,willbetheresultsofthefieldinvestigations(Task5)andtheseismicstudies(Task4).CostestimatingdatawillbeprovidedthroughTask9.Specificactivitiestobeundertakenwillinclude:-Assemblyandreviewofmostrecentfieldandseismicstudydata;-Preparationofapreliminarylayoutofthedamdimensionedtomeetthebasicrequirementsoftheprojectdesigncriteria;-Developmentofappropriatepreliminarydesigndetails,includinggroutingandpressurereliefprovisions,foundationandabutmentpreparationasrequiredbythebasicdamdesignwithinthecontextofthegeotechnicalconditions;-Preparationofpreliminarystabilityanalysesforthecriticalconditionssetoutinthepreliminarydesigncriteriadocument(Subtask6.10).FoundationdesignparametersaretobeprovidedonthebasisofresultsobtainedfromthelaboratorytestscarriedoutinTask5.Specificconditionswill,ofcourse,dependuponthetypeofdamselected,butforaconcretegravitydamwouldtypicallyinclude:conventionalstabilityandslidinganalysesandstressdistribu-tiononfoundationdeterminationofresponseoftheconcretedamtoseismicforcesexaminationofstressanddeformationsbyfiniteelementanalysis-FortheembankmentsectionstabilityanalysesasdiscussedinSubtask6.11willbeperformed.-Reviewandadjustmentofdesigntoaccommodateanomaliesindicatedinthecourseofthestabilitystudiesundertakenabove-Reservoirstudies,including:reservoirslopestabilityassessmentinrelationtothawingpermafrostandgenerationofhighporepressuresreservoirslopestabilityduringseismicevents,includingimpactonliquefaction-sensitivesoilsandmassinstabilitiessnowslideassessment5-154 -Computationofquantitiesanddevelopmentofestimateofcostforthedamandassociatedcofferdamsanddiversiontunnels-Developmentofdamconstructionschedule-Preparationofmaterialforinputtodamselectionreport(c)DiscussionInthedevelopmentofthedamdesign,thefollowingkeyaspectswillbetakenintoaccount:(1)FoundationandAbutmentConditionsStudyoffoundationandabutmentconditionswillincludeassess-mentoftheavailableinformationonoverburden,bedrock,structuralgeologyincludingidentificationoflocalshearzones,faultsandjointsets,andconsolidationandstrengthcharacter-istics.Basedontheparametersfromtheassessment,thedesignwilldeterminefoundationseepage,permanentpressurerelief,foundationtreatment,consolidationandcurtaingroutingrequire-.ments,abutmentstability,shapingofabutments,overburdenandrockexcavationrequirementsandexcavationdewatering.Specialconsiderationwillbegivenwithregardtoexcavationoflooseriverbedalluvium,andtalusmaterialsnearabutments.(2)ConstructionMaterialsStudyindetailtheavailabilityandsuitabilityofconstructionmaterialsandtheirmethodsofexploitationforearth/rockfillandconcretedamsandotherassociatedconcretestructures.Varioussourcesofimperviousmaterialaswellasrockquarryforrockfillmaterialsandconcreteaggregateswillbeinvestigatedinthefield.Evaluationofthefielddataandlaboratorytestresultswillbedonetodeterminethesuitabilityofthecon-structionmaterialsandtheirparameterstobeusedinthedesign.Placingproblemsofimperviousfillsduetowetweatherandcoldclimaticconditionswillbestudiedonapreliminarybasis.Shearbehaviorofimperviousandshellmaterialswillbestudiedunderdynamicandhigh-confiningstresses.(3)SeismicEffectsFortheconcretedam,theseismicimpactandresponsewillbeevaluatedbydynamic,finiteelementtechniquescommonlyadaptedforsuchanalyses.Stressconcentrationanddeformationinthebodyofthedarnoratthefoundationwillbeevaluated.Damagestodamsduringearthquakescanoccurasdeformationcausedbyshearfailureintheconcretesectionofthedam.TheseismiceffectontheembankmentsectionisdiscussedinSubtask6.11andisnotrepeatedhere.5-155-Computationofquantitiesanddevelopmentofestimateofcostforthedamandassociatedcofferdamsanddiversiontunnels-Developmentofdamconstructionschedule-Preparationofmaterialforinputtodamselectionreport(c)DiscussionInthedevelopmentofthedamdesign,thefollowingkeyaspectswillbetakenintoaccount:(1)FoundationandAbutmentConditionsStudyoffoundationandabutmentconditionswillincludeassess-mentoftheavailableinformationonoverburden,bedrock,structuralgeologyincludingidentificationoflocalshearzones,faultsandjointsets,andconsolidationandstrengthcharacter-istics.Basedontheparametersfromtheassessment,thedesignwilldeterminefoundationseepage,permanentpressurerelief,foundationtreatment,consolidationandcurtaingroutingrequire-.ments,abutmentstability,shapingofabutments,overburdenandrockexcavationrequirementsandexcavationdewatering.Specialconsiderationwillbegivenwithregardtoexcavationoflooseriverbedalluvium,andtalusmaterialsnearabutments.(2)ConstructionMaterialsStudyindetailtheavailabilityandsuitabilityofconstructionmaterialsandtheirmethodsofexploitationforearth/rockfillandconcretedamsandotherassociatedconcretestructures.Varioussourcesofimperviousmaterialaswellasrockquarryforrockfillmaterialsandconcreteaggregateswillbeinvestigatedinthefield.Evaluationofthefielddataandlaboratorytestresultswillbedonetodeterminethesuitabilityofthecon-structionmaterialsandtheirparameterstobeusedinthedesign.Placingproblemsofimperviousfillsduetowetweatherandcoldclimaticconditionswillbestudiedonapreliminarybasis.Shearbehaviorofimperviousandshellmaterialswillbestudiedunderdynamicandhigh-confiningstresses.(3)SeismicEffectsFortheconcretedam,theseismicimpactandresponsewillbeevaluatedbydynamic,finiteelementtechniquescommonlyadaptedforsuchanalyses.Stressconcentrationanddeformationinthebodyofthedarnoratthefoundationwillbeevaluated.Damagestodamsduringearthquakescanoccurasdeformationcausedbyshearfailureintheconcretesectionofthedam.TheseismiceffectontheembankmentsectionisdiscussedinSubtask6.11andisnotrepeatedhere.5-155 (4)PermafrostStudiesPermafroststudieswillinvolveapplicationofthestateoftheartinpermafrosttothedamdesign.Datafromthefieldinves-tigationswillbeassessedtodeterminepermafrostconditionsinfoundationandabutments,andtoestablishtheproposedfounda-tiontreatmentsuchasthawing,grouting,etc.(5)DamSectionsThedesignofconcretedamsectionswillinvolvestudyoflay-outs,jointingpatternandotherconcretedetails,andforthefilldam,zoningarrangements,optimizationofdamslopes,requirementsforfilters,drainsandslopeprotectionriprap.Detailedstabilityanalyses,staticanddynamicwillbedoneforvariousloadingconditionssuchasendofconstruction,long-termsteadyseepageandrapiddrawdown.DynamicloadingconditionswillbestudiedasmentionedinTask4underseismiceffects.Thedesignwillincludesettlementandseepageanalysesinthefillandfoundationsandwilldeterminethetypeandscopeofinstrumentationtomeasuretheperformanceofthestructure.(6)ConstructionSequenceandMethodThestudywillevaluatetheeffectsofconstructionsequenceandmethodssuchasstagedconstructiononcostandschedules.Also,itwilldetermineitseffectsonmaterialsavailability,methodofplacementanddesignofdamzoningandcofferdamsandotherriverclosureprocedures.Theconstructionperiodwillbelargelyinfluencedbyvaryingclimaticconditionsintheprojectregion.Acresisparticularlyexperiencedincoldweatherconstructiontechniquesforlargedams.Theseconditionswillmostcertainlyaffecttheplacingofimperviousfillsandconcreteandtheoverallconstructiontimeofthestructure.Thestudywillincludeassessingthenumberofwetdaysduringaconstructionseasonandthenumberofdaysoffreezinginayearthatwillprohibitplacing.(d)ScheduleWeeks85through1105-156(4)PermafrostStudiesPermafroststudieswillinvolveapplicationofthestateoftheartinpermafrosttothedamdesign.Datafromthefieldinves-tigationswillbeassessedtodeterminepermafrostconditionsinfoundationandabutments,andtoestablishtheproposedfounda-tiontreatmentsuchasthawing,grouting,etc.(5)DamSectionsThedesignofconcretedamsectionswillinvolvestudyoflay-outs,jointingpatternandotherconcretedetails,andforthefilldam,zoningarrangements,optimizationofdamslopes,requirementsforfilters,drainsandslopeprotectionriprap.Detailedstabilityanalyses,staticanddynamicwillbedoneforvariousloadingconditionssuchasendofconstruction,long-termsteadyseepageandrapiddrawdown.DynamicloadingconditionswillbestudiedasmentionedinTask4underseismiceffects.Thedesignwillincludesettlementandseepageanalysesinthefillandfoundationsandwilldeterminethetypeandscopeofinstrumentationtomeasuretheperformanceofthestructure.(6)ConstructionSequenceandMethodThestudywillevaluatetheeffectsofconstructionsequenceandmethodssuchasstagedconstructiononcostandschedules.Also,itwilldetermineitseffectsonmaterialsavailability,methodofplacementanddesignofdamzoningandcofferdamsandotherriverclosureprocedures.Theconstructionperiodwillbelargelyinfluencedbyvaryingclimaticconditionsintheprojectregion.Acresisparticularlyexperiencedincoldweatherconstructiontechniquesforlargedams.Theseconditionswillmostcertainlyaffecttheplacingofimperviousfillsandconcreteandtheoverallconstructiontimeofthestructure.Thestudywillincludeassessingthenumberofwetdaysduringaconstructionseasonandthenumberofdaysoffreezinginayearthatwillprohibitplacing.(d)ScheduleWeeks85through1105-156 Subtask6.13-DamSelectionReport(a)ObjectivePrepareareportsummarlzlngtheresultsofthestudydealingwiththeselectionandpreliminarydesignofdamsandreservoirsfortheSusitnaDevelopment.,(b)ApproachTheprimaryinputtothisreportwillbederivedfromthepreliminarydesigndevelopmentstudiesundertakenunderSubtasks6.11and6.12.Thereportwilladdressthefollowingprincipaltopicsforeachofthedamsconsidered:-principalhydraulic,geotechnicalandstructuraldesigncriteria-selectionoftypeofdam-geologyandfoundationconditions-stagedconstructionconsiderations-basicdesignconcept-stabilityanalyses-diversionandconstructionconditions-constructionmaterials-reservoirconditions-constructionschedule-estimateofcostThereportwillbesubmittedindraftformtotheEngineeringPanelandtoAPAforreviewpriortofinalization.(c)DiscussionThisreport,whichwillcontainmajortechnicalinputtothelicenseapplication,willprovideafocusnotonlyfortheworkundertakeninanumberoftheprevioussubtasksinTask6butalsofordatadevelop-edinotherprimarytaskssuchasTasks4 -SeismicStudiesandTask5-GeotechnicalExploration.(d)ScheduleWeeks100through1155-157Subtask6.13-DamSelectionReport(a)ObjectivePrepareareportsummarlzlngtheresultsofthestudydealingwiththeselectionandpreliminarydesignofdamsandreservoirsfortheSusitnaDevelopment.,(b)ApproachTheprimaryinputtothisreportwillbederivedfromthepreliminarydesigndevelopmentstudiesundertakenunderSubtasks6.11and6.12.Thereportwilladdressthefollowingprincipaltopicsforeachofthedamsconsidered:-principalhydraulic,geotechnicalandstructuraldesigncriteria-selectionoftypeofdam-geologyandfoundationconditions-stagedconstructionconsiderations-basicdesignconcept-stabilityanalyses-diversionandconstructionconditions-constructionmaterials-reservoirconditions-constructionschedule-estimateofcostThereportwillbesubmittedindraftformtotheEngineeringPanelandtoAPAforreviewpriortofinalization.(c)DiscussionThisreport,whichwillcontainmajortechnicalinputtothelicenseapplication,willprovideafocusnotonlyfortheworkundertakeninanumberoftheprevioussubtasksinTask6butalsofordatadevelop-edinotherprimarytaskssuchasTasks4 -SeismicStudiesandTask5-GeotechnicalExploration.(d)ScheduleWeeks100through1155-157 Subtask6.14-SpillwayDesignCriteria(a)ObjectiveToestablishthebasicspillwayanddiversiondesigncriteriafortheWatanaandDevilCanyondamsites.(b)ApproachBasicdesigncriteriawillbeestablishedandreviewedwithAPAandotherStateandFederalAgencies.Thesebasiccriteriadefinetheaccepteddegreeofrisktoflooddamageandinclude:-Landslides.Landslideeventsduetoseismicityorothercausesaremoredifficulttodealwithquantitatively.Itisalsooftenuneconomictoallowsufficientfreeboardtopreventovertoppingduetoareservoirslide.OntheMicadamprojectinBritishColumbiathiswasthecase,andthereservoircrestwasspecificallydesignedtowithstandalimitedamountofovertopping.Wewillundertakeabriefstudytodeterminethefreeboardrequirementforsuchslideeventsandassesstheeconomicimpactofprovidingadequatefreeboardversusprotectingthedamcrest.InputtothisstudywouldbederivedforthestudyoutlinedinTask3.Basedontheresultsofthisstudytherequiredfreeboardandcrestprotectionwillberecommended.-Spillwaydesignflood.Adesignfloodhydrographofahighproba-bilityofsucceedencesuchasthe10,000yearsflood.Theservicespillwaywouldbesizedtoaccommodatethefloodwithoutthereservoirwaterlevelencroachingontherequireddryfreeboard.- Acatastrophicfloodevent.maximumflood.TheservicespillwayswouldbedesignedwouldbeallowedtorisetoNormallyspecifiedastheprobablespillwayand,ifrequired,emergencytopassthisfloodbutreservoirlevelsdamcrestlevel.-Spillwaycavitationcriteria.Aspecificationofthemagnitudeofdesignfloodhydrographabovewhichlimitedcavitation/erosiondamagewillbeaccepted.-Downstreamerosioncriteria.Aspecificationofthemagnitudeofdesignfloodabovewhicherosiondamagerequiringsubsequentremedialworkwilloccurdownstream.-Freeboardcriteria.Aspecificationoftheseverityoftheclimaticandreservoirlandslideeventforwhichadequatedryfreeboardisrequired.Climaticeventswhichaffectfreeboardarehighwindsanditisusualtospecifyadesignwindvelocityhavingareturnperiodofsay100years.5-158Subtask6.14-SpillwayDesignCriteria(a)ObjectiveToestablishthebasicspillwayanddiversiondesigncriteriafortheWatanaandDevilCanyondamsites.(b)ApproachBasicdesigncriteriawillbeestablishedandreviewedwithAPAandotherStateandFederalAgencies.Thesebasiccriteriadefinetheaccepteddegreeofrisktoflooddamageandinclude:-Landslides.Landslideeventsduetoseismicityorothercausesaremoredifficulttodealwithquantitatively.Itisalsooftenuneconomictoallowsufficientfreeboardtopreventovertoppingduetoareservoirslide.OntheMicadamprojectinBritishColumbiathiswasthecase,andthereservoircrestwasspecificallydesignedtowithstandalimitedamountofovertopping.Wewillundertakeabriefstudytodeterminethefreeboardrequirementforsuchslideeventsandassesstheeconomicimpactofprovidingadequatefreeboardversusprotectingthedamcrest.InputtothisstudywouldbederivedforthestudyoutlinedinTask3.Basedontheresultsofthisstudytherequiredfreeboardandcrestprotectionwillberecommended.-Spillwaydesignflood.Adesignfloodhydrographofahighproba-bilityofsucceedencesuchasthe10,000yearsflood.Theservicespillwaywouldbesizedtoaccommodatethefloodwithoutthereservoirwaterlevelencroachingontherequireddryfreeboard.- Acatastrophicfloodevent.maximumflood.TheservicespillwayswouldbedesignedwouldbeallowedtorisetoNormallyspecifiedastheprobablespillwayand,ifrequired,emergencytopassthisfloodbutreservoirlevelsdamcrestlevel.-Spillwaycavitationcriteria.Aspecificationofthemagnitudeofdesignfloodhydrographabovewhichlimitedcavitation/erosiondamagewillbeaccepted.-Downstreamerosioncriteria.Aspecificationofthemagnitudeofdesignfloodabovewhicherosiondamagerequiringsubsequentremedialworkwilloccurdownstream.-Freeboardcriteria.Aspecificationoftheseverityoftheclimaticandreservoirlandslideeventforwhichadequatedryfreeboardisrequired.Climaticeventswhichaffectfreeboardarehighwindsanditisusualtospecifyadesignwindvelocityhavingareturnperiodofsay100years.5-158 -Diversionfloodcriteria.Briefeconomicstudieswillbeundertakentodeterminetheeconomicleveloffloodprotectionduringthediversionstages.HydrologicandhydraulicinputwouldbederivedfromtheTask3studiesandwouldincludeopenwaterfloodcondi-tionsaswellasfloodlevelsundericecoverandicejamcondi-tions.-Lowleveloutletcriteria.Astudywillbeundertakentodeterminetherequirementforalowleveloutletand,ifnecessary,thecapacityforsuchanoutlet.Aspectstobeconsideredinclude:downstreamwaterquantityandqualityrequirementscontrolofreservoirfillingraterequirementforemergencydrawdown.Oncethesebasiccriteriaarefinalizedtheinformationwillbeissuedasadesigntransmittal.(c)DiscussionThedesigncriteriadescribedabovearethoseusuallyadaptedbyAcresforthedesignoflargedamsandwerecommendthemfortheSusitnaProject.(d)ScheduleWeeks70through805-159-Diversionfloodcriteria.Briefeconomicstudieswillbeundertakentodeterminetheeconomicleveloffloodprotectionduringthediversionstages.HydrologicandhydraulicinputwouldbederivedfromtheTask3studiesandwouldincludeopenwaterfloodcondi-tionsaswellasfloodlevelsundericecoverandicejamcondi-tions.-Lowleveloutletcriteria.Astudywillbeundertakentodeterminetherequirementforalowleveloutletand,ifnecessary,thecapacityforsuchanoutlet.Aspectstobeconsideredinclude:downstreamwaterquantityandqualityrequirementscontrolofreservoirfillingraterequirementforemergencydrawdown.Oncethesebasiccriteriaarefinalizedtheinformationwillbeissuedasadesigntransmittal.(c)DiscussionThedesigncriteriadescribedabovearethoseusuallyadaptedbyAcresforthedesignoflargedamsandwerecommendthemfortheSusitnaProject.(d)ScheduleWeeks70through805-159 Subtask6.15-WatanaSpillwayAlternatives(a)ObjectiveExaminealternativepotentialspillwayarrangementsfortheWatanasite,andselectthemostappropriateforsubsequentdesigndevelop-ment.(b)ApproachPrimaryinputforthisstudywillbeobtainedfrom:-Task3 -Hydrology-Task5 -GeotechnicalExploration-Subtask6.14-SpillwayDesignCriteriaSpecificactivitieswillinclude:-Assemblyandassessmentofinputdata-Preliminarylayoutofalternativespillwayarrangementstomeettherequirementssetoutinthedesigncriteriadocumentwithintheconstraintsimposedbythedamandotherfacilities-Take-offofquantitiesandcomputationofcostsofalternativearrangements-Examinationofoperationalaspectsofthespillwayalternativesandidentificationofpossiblemeasuresrequiredtomitigateadverseeffects-Selectionofmostappropriatespillwayarrangementonthebasisofnetcostandoperationalcharacteristics(c)DiscussionSincetheenergyheadtobedissipatedinthespillwayworksatWatanacouldbeasmuchas700feet,andthesafetyoftheentiredevelopmentwilldependupontheproperoperationofthespillway,theselectionanddesignofthisfacilitywillbeoneofthemostcriticalaspectsofthedesigndevelopmentprogram.Theselectionoftheoptimumspillwayarrangementwilldependtoalargeextentontheambienteconomicsofthedamandspillwaycombination,notonlyinrelationtothephysicallayout,butalsoinrelationtothepotentialprovisionofrockfillforthedamconstructionfromtheexcavationsforthespi11waychute.InthecurrentCorpsofEngineers'designs,thespillwaychutedis-chargesatrightanglestothealignmentofTsusenaCreek,whichmaybelessthanattractivefromthehydraulicstandpoint;however,realignmentmayprovetobedifficulttoachievewithoutinvolvingmajorexcavations.Presentindicationsarethatthegeologyofthe1eft(south)bankismargina11y"better"thanthatoftherightbank,anditmaybepossibletolocateanimprovedorientationonthisbank.However,anyschemewhichinvo1vesashorterandsteeperchutewi11almostcertainlyrequireconcreteliningstopreventerosionunderhighvelocityflows:Thisofcourse,willinvolvemajoradditionalcostsandraisesthespectreofcavitationanderosiondamagesexperiencedatsomanyotherhigh-headspillwayinstallations.5-160Subtask6.15-WatanaSpillwayAlternatives(a)ObjectiveExaminealternativepotentialspillwayarrangementsfortheWatanasite,andselectthemostappropriateforsubsequentdesigndevelop-ment.(b)ApproachPrimaryinputforthisstudywillbeobtainedfrom:-Task3-Hydrology-Task5 -GeotechnicalExploration-Subtask6.14-SpillwayDesignCriteriaSpecificactivitieswillinclude:-Assemblyandassessmentofinputdata-Preliminarylayoutofalternativespillwayarrangementstomeettherequirementssetoutinthedesigncriteriadocumentwithintheconstraintsimposedbythedamandotherfacilities-Take-offofquantitiesandcomputationofcostsofalternativearrangements-Examinationofoperationalaspectsofthespillwayalternativesandidentificationofpossiblemeasuresrequiredtomitigateadverseeffects-Selectionofmostappropriatespillwayarrangementonthebasisofnetcostandoperationalcharacteristics(c)DiscussionSincetheenergyheadtobedissipatedinthespillwayworksatWatanacouldbeasmuchas700feet,andthesafetyoftheentiredevelopmentwilldependupontheproperoperationofthespillway,theselectionanddesignofthisfacilitywillbeoneofthemostcriticalaspectsofthedesigndevelopmentprogram.Theselectionoftheoptimumspillwayarrangementwilldependtoalargeextentontheambienteconomicsofthedamandspillwaycombination,notonlyinrelationtothephysicallayout,butalsoinrelationtothepotentialprovisionofrockfillforthedamconstructionfromtheexcavationsforthespi11waychute.InthecurrentCorpsofEngineers'designs,thespillwaychutedis-chargesatrightanglestothealignmentofTsusenaCreek,whichmaybelessthanattractivefromthehydraulicstandpoint;however,realignmentmayprovetobedifficulttoachievewithoutinvolvingmajorexcavations.Presentindicationsarethatthegeologyofthe1eft(south)bankismargina11y"better"thanthatoftherightbank,anditmaybepossibletolocateanimprovedorientationonthisbank.However,anyschemewhichinvo1vesashorterandsteeperchutewi11almostcertainlyrequireconcreteliningstopreventerosionunderhighvelocityflows:Thisofcourse,willinvolvemajoradditionalcostsandraisesthespectreofcavitationanderosiondamagesexperiencedatsomanyotherhigh-headspillwayinstallations.5-160 Thespillwaycrestcontrolstructureswillbeofconventionalconcept,designedtoaccommodateappropriateiceloads/bubblersystems.Oneormoregatesmayrequireheatingifspillwayoperationduringfreezingweatherisrequired.Ifalternativesinvolvingsteepchutesareconsidered,thenitwillbenecessarytoexaminevariousformsofenergy-dissipatingstructures,suchaschuteblocks,stillingbasins,andthelike.(d)ScheduleWeeks80through955-161Thespillwaycrestcontrolstructureswillbeofconventionalconcept,designedtoaccommodateappropriateiceloads/bubblersystems.Oneormoregatesmayrequireheatingifspillwayoperationduringfreezingweatherisrequired.Ifalternativesinvolvingsteepchutesareconsidered,thenitwillbenecessarytoexaminevariousformsofenergy-dissipatingstructures,suchaschuteblocks,stillingbasins,andthelike.(d)ScheduleWeeks80through955-161 Subtask6.16-DevilCanyonSpillw~yAlternatives(a)ObjectiveToexaminealternativepotentialspillwayarrangementsfortheDevilCanyonsite,andselectthemostappropriateforsubsequentdesigndevelopment.(b)ApproachPrimaryinputforthisstudywillbeobtainedfrom:-Task3 -Hydrology-Task5 -GeotechnicalExploration-Subtask6.14-SpillwayDesignCriteriaSpecificactivitieswillinclude:-Assemblyandassessmentofinputdata-Preliminarylayoutofalternativespillwayarrangementstomeettherequirementssetoutinthedesigncriteriadocumentwithintheconstraintsimposedbythedamandotherfacilities-Take-offofquantitiesandcomputationofcostsofalternativearrangements-Examinationofoperationalaspectsofthespillwayalternativesandidentificationofpossiblemeasuresrequiredtomitigateadverseeffects-Selectionofmostappropriatespillwayarrangementonthebasisofnetcostandoperationalcharacteristics(c) DiscussionThemostrecent(1979)CorpsofEngineersdesignforthespillwayatDevilCanyoncallsforaconventionalarrangementdischargingoverthecentralsectionoftheconcretegravitydam.Fortheoriginallyproposedarchdamatthissite,theCorpshasproposedaski-jumpspillwayarrangementdischargingattheleftabutmentofthedamwiththelipofthejumpsome300feetabovedownstreamriverlevel.Theultimatelyselectedarrangementofspillwaywill,ofcourse,beheavilyinfluencedbythetypeandarrangementofdamselected,andmayinturnaffecttheselectionofthedam.Variousaspectsinfluencingtheselectionofachute-typespillwayarrangementarediscussedunderSubtask6.15above.Designconsiderationsaffectingconventionalspillwaystructuresarewelldocumentedinthelitera-ture.(d)ScheduleWeeks85through955-162Subtask6.16-DevilCanyonSpillw~yAlternatives(a)ObjectiveToexaminealternativepotentialspillwayarrangementsfortheDevilCanyonsite,andselectthemostappropriateforsubsequentdesigndevelopment.(b)ApproachPrimaryinputforthisstudywillbeobtainedfrom:-Task3-Hydrology-Task5-GeotechnicalExploration-Subtask6.14-SpillwayDesignCriteriaSpecificactivitieswillinclude:-Assemblyandassessmentofinputdata-Preliminarylayoutofalternativespillwayarrangementstomeettherequirementssetoutinthedesigncriteriadocumentwithintheconstraintsimposedbythedamandotherfacilities-Take-offofquantitiesandcomputationofcostsofalternativearrangements-Examinationofoperationalaspectsofthespillwayalternativesandidentificationofpossiblemeasuresrequiredtomitigateadverseeffects-Selectionofmostappropriatespillwayarrangementonthebasisofnetcostandoperationalcharacteristics(c) DiscussionThemostrecent(1979)CorpsofEngineersdesignforthespillwayatDevilCanyoncallsforaconventionalarrangementdischargingoverthecentralsectionoftheconcretegravitydam.Fortheoriginallyproposedarchdamatthissite,theCorpshasproposedaski-jumpspillwayarrangementdischargingattheleftabutmentofthedamwiththelipofthejumpsome300feetabovedownstreamriverlevel.Theultimatelyselectedarrangementofspillwaywill,ofcourse,beheavilyinfluencedbythetypeandarrangementofdamselected,andmayinturnaffecttheselectionofthedam.Variousaspectsinfluencingtheselectionofachute-typespillwayarrangementarediscussedunderSubtask6.15above.Designconsiderationsaffectingconventionalspillwaystructuresarewelldocumentedinthelitera-ture.(d)ScheduleWeeks85through955-162 Subtask6.17-PreliminaryDesignofWatanaSpillway(a)ObjectiveTodesignthespillwayfacilitiesandassociatedfeaturesfortheWatanaproject.(b)ApproachFromthestudiesinSubtasks6.14and6.15,theinformationonspill-waydesigncriteriaandmostsuitablelocationswillbeavailabletodevelopthissubtask.Wewillcriticallyreviewfoundationconditionsofthesiteandexaminepreviouslygenerateddatafortheproject.Designtaskswillinclude:-Foundationdesignofthespillway,ogeesection,piers,spillwaychannelandthechutestructureincludingrockexcavation,rockreinforcement,concretedentalworkandpressurerelieffacilities.-Hydraulicdesigntodetermineoptimumgatedimensionsandgateoperatingprocedures.Developmentofaspillwayoperatingrulecurvebasedonheadwaterelevationsinthereservoirandgateopening,detailedtailwatercurvedataandhydraulicprofilestosatisfyalloperatingconditionsexpectedattheproject.Determin-ationoftheshapeandheightofpiers,wallsandchuteblock.-Structuraldetailsanddesignofbridge,piers,gates,stoplogs,spillwaychannelwallsandslabchutestructuresconsideringnormalmaximumheadwaterconditions,andseismicandextremeweatherconditions.Designofgatefacilitiestooperateunderextremeweatherandiceconditions.Bothbubbleformationsandheatingofnecessaryelementswillbeconsideredforthepurposeofadequatecostpro-visionintheestimate.-Preliminaryhydraulicandstructuralanalysesofsize,shape,andthrustrequirementsofthechuteblock;shapeandtrajectoryofthejetundervariousflowandtailwaterconditionswillbereviewedtodevelopsatisfactorysolutions.Preliminarystudyofjetimpactwillbemadeanddatawillbedevelopedforhydraulicmodellingofthefacilities.-Appropriatearrangementanddesignofelectrical/mechanicalfacilitiesforhoistoperationunderallconditionsincludingemergencyconditionswillbedeveloped.-Safetyofthespillwaystructureasanindependentunitandasanintegralpartoftheoverallprojectwillbechecked.-Ifthedamisanembankmentstructureadjacenttothespillway,theretainingwallswillbedesignedandhydraulicapproachconditionswi11bereviewed.5-163Subtask6.17-PreliminaryDesignofWatanaSpillway(a)ObjectiveTodesignthespillwayfacilitiesandassociatedfeaturesfortheWatanaproject.(b)ApproachFromthestudiesinSubtasks6.14and6.15,theinformationonspill-waydesigncriteriaandmostsuitablelocationswillbeavailabletodevelopthissubtask.Wewillcriticallyreviewfoundationconditionsofthesiteandexaminepreviouslygenerateddatafortheproject.Designtaskswillinclude:-Foundationdesignofthespillway,ogeesection,piers,spillwaychannelandthechutestructureincludingrockexcavation,rockreinforcement,concretedentalworkandpressurerelieffacilities.-Hydraulicdesigntodetermineoptimumgatedimensionsandgateoperatingprocedures.Developmentofaspillwayoperatingrulecurvebasedonheadwaterelevationsinthereservoirandgateopening,detailedtailwatercurvedataandhydraulicprofilestosatisfyalloperatingconditionsexpectedattheproject.Determin-ationoftheshapeandheightofpiers,wallsandchuteblock.-Structuraldetailsanddesignofbridge,piers,gates,stoplogs,spillwaychannelwallsandslabchutestructuresconsideringnormalmaximumheadwaterconditions,andseismicandextremeweatherconditions.Designofgatefacilitiestooperateunderextremeweatherandiceconditions.Bothbubbleformationsandheatingofnecessaryelementswillbeconsideredforthepurposeofadequatecostpro-visionintheestimate.-Preliminaryhydraulicandstructuralanalysesofsize,shape,andthrustrequirementsofthechuteblock;shapeandtrajectoryofthejetundervariousflowandtailwaterconditionswillbereviewedtodevelopsatisfactorysolutions.Preliminarystudyofjetimpactwillbemadeanddatawillbedevelopedforhydraulicmodellingofthefacilities.-Appropriatearrangementanddesignofelectrical/mechanicalfacilitiesforhoistoperationunderallconditionsincludingemergencyconditionswillbedeveloped.-Safetyofthespillwaystructureasanindependentunitandasanintegralpartoftheoverallprojectwillbechecked.-Ifthedamisanembankmentstructureadjacenttothespillway,theretainingwallswillbedesignedandhydraulicapproachconditionswi11bereviewed.5-163 (c)DiscussionThereviewoffloodroutingstudiesforprojectdesignflood,probablemaximumfloodandotherfloodsgeneratedfromTask3willprovidedataontherulecurveforoperationsofthespillwayfacility.Gateoperationprocedureswillbedevelopedtosuitallfloodconditionsexpectedatthesite.Floodrulecurvedatawillproviderelation-shipsofgateopeningandheadwaterelevationinthereservoirwithouttoppingthestructure.Hydraulicprofilesofthespillwaychannelwillbedeterminedfromthegat~andsizeandtypeofchutewillbedesignedtoperformsatisfactorilyinallconditionswithminimumenvironmentalimpactandconsiderationforsafetyofthedamandreservoir•..(d)ScheduleWeeks90through1155-164(c)DiscussionThereviewoffloodroutingstudiesforprojectdesignflood,probablemaximumfloodandotherfloodsgeneratedfromTask3willprovidedataontherulecurveforoperationsofthespillwayfacility.Gateoperationprocedureswillbedevelopedtosuitallfloodconditionsexpectedatthesite.Floodrulecurvedatawillproviderelation-shipsofgateopeningandheadwaterelevationinthereservoirwithouttoppingthestructure.Hydraulicprofilesofthespillwaychannelwillbedeterminedfromthegat~andsizeandtypeofchutewillbedesignedtoperformsatisfactorilyinallconditionswithminimumenvironmentalimpactandconsiderationforsafetyofthedamandreservoir•..(d)ScheduleWeeks90through1155-164 Subtask6.18-PreliminaryDesignDevilCanyonSpillway(a)ObjectiveTodesignspillwayfacilitiesandassociatedfeaturesfortheDevilCanyonProject.(b)ApproachThissubtaskinvolvescriticalreviewoftherecommendedarrangementofthespillwayanddesignhavingregardtofoundationconditions,locationofthespillwayanddesignprojectfeaturescompatibletotheseconditions.Designwillinclude:-Foundationdesignofthespillway,ogeesection,channelandthechutestructureswillincluderockexcavation,rockreinforcement,concretedentalworkandpressurerelieffacilities.-Hydraulicdesignwilldefinegateoperatingproceduresandspillwayoperatingcurvebasedontherelationshipofheadwatersurfaceelevationandgateopening.Preliminaryhydraulicprofileforvariableflowwilldefinetheheightandsizeofthepiers,walksandgeometeryandconfigurationofogeesectionandthechuteblock.-IncaseaconcretegravitydamisselectedatDevilCanyon,severalkindsofenergydissipationstructureswillbeevaluatedincludingski-jump,·stilling-basinandchute-typesandpreliminarydesignwillbemadeofthemostsuitablefacilityrecommendedfortheproject.ShouldanarchdamberecommendedfortheDevilCanyonprojectsiteaplungepool-typefacilitywouldbethemostsuitablearrangement.-Structuraldetailsanddesignwillbedrawnupforbridges,piers,gates,stoplogs,spillwaychannelwallsandslabchutestructures,consideringseismicandextremeweatherconditionsimposedonthesite..Designwillincludeprovisioninthefacilitiesforgateoperationundericeconditionsandextremelowtemperaturesandprovisionwillbemadeforheatingcertainfacilitiesforsatisfactoryperformanceofgates,hoistsandguides.-Hydraulicanalyseswilldetermineconfigurationofthechuteanditshydraulicperformanceincludingimpacttrajectoryofthejetforvariousflows,andpressuredeterminationnearthechute.Datawillbedevelopedforahydraulicmodeltestingprogram.-Designwillconsiderelectricalandmechanicalfacilitiesforpowerhoistoperationofgatesunderallweatherconditions.5-165Subtask6.18-PreliminaryDesignDevilCanyonSpillway(a)ObjectiveTodesignspillwayfacilitiesandassociatedfeaturesfortheDevilCanyonProject.(b)ApproachThissubtaskinvolvescriticalreviewoftherecommendedarrangementofthespillwayanddesignhavingregardtofoundationconditions,locationofthespillwayanddesignprojectfeaturescompatibletotheseconditions.Designwillinclude:-Foundationdesignofthespillway,ogeesection,channelandthechutestructureswillincluderockexcavation,rockreinforcement,concretedentalworkandpressurerelieffacilities.-Hydraulicdesignwilldefinegateoperatingproceduresandspillwayoperatingcurvebasedontherelationshipofheadwatersurfaceelevationandgateopening.Preliminaryhydraulicprofileforvariableflowwilldefinetheheightandsizeofthepiers,walksandgeometeryandconfigurationofogeesectionandthechuteblock.-IncaseaconcretegravitydamisselectedatDevilCanyon,severalkindsofenergydissipationstructureswillbeevaluatedincludingski-jump,·stilling-basinandchute-typesandpreliminarydesignwillbemadeofthemostsuitablefacilityrecommendedfortheproject.ShouldanarchdamberecommendedfortheDevilCanyonprojectsiteaplungepool-typefacilitywouldbethemostsuitablearrangement.-Structuraldetailsanddesignwillbedrawnupforbridges,piers,gates,stoplogs,spillwaychannelwallsandslabchutestructures,consideringseismicandextremeweatherconditionsimposedonthesite..Designwillincludeprovisioninthefacilitiesforgateoperationundericeconditionsandextremelowtemperaturesandprovisionwillbemadeforheatingcertainfacilitiesforsatisfactoryperformanceofgates,hoistsandguides.-Hydraulicanalyseswilldetermineconfigurationofthechuteanditshydraulicperformanceincludingimpacttrajectoryofthejetforvariousflows,andpressuredeterminationnearthechute.Datawillbedevelopedforahydraulicmodeltestingprogram.-Designwillconsiderelectricalandmechanicalfacilitiesforpowerhoistoperationofgatesunderallweatherconditions.5-165 -Thegeometryandthetrajectoryofthejetanditsimpactonlandingsoilwillbeevaluated.Hydraulicmodeldatawillbedevelopedfortestinginthelaterphasesofthedetaileddesignoftheproject.(c)DiscussionEnergydissipationofabouta600-footheadattheDevilCanyonsitemakesthedesignofthespillwaystructurecritical.Dispersionofwavesfromtheflood-regulatedreleasesoftheupstreamWatanadamwillneedcarefulevaluationofitsimpactonthevalleywalls.Extremeweatherconditionsattheprojectsitewillrequirespecialdesignconsiderationduringthepreliminarystage.Preliminarydrawingsfromwhichquantitieswillbetakenoffwillbeprepared.Thedesignwillbeaccompaniedbytheassociatedscheduleandcostestimateincludingimpactonassociatedstructures.Thedesignwillbecompatiblewiththehydraulicrequirementsandwillconformwiththetechnical,economicandsafetystandards.(d)ScheduleWeeks95through1155-166-Thegeometryandthetrajectoryofthejetanditsimpactonlandingsoilwillbeevaluated.Hydraulicmodeldatawillbedevelopedfortestinginthelaterphasesofthedetaileddesignoftheproject.(c)DiscussionEnergydissipationofabouta600-footheadattheDevilCanyonsitemakesthedesignofthespillwaystructurecritical.Dispersionofwavesfromtheflood-regulatedreleasesoftheupstreamWatanadamwillneedcarefulevaluationofitsimpactonthevalleywalls.Extremeweatherconditionsattheprojectsitewillrequirespecialdesignconsiderationduringthepreliminarystage.Preliminarydrawingsfromwhichquantitieswillbetakenoffwillbeprepared.Thedesignwillbeaccompaniedbytheassociatedscheduleandcostestimateincludingimpactonassociatedstructures.Thedesignwillbecompatiblewiththehydraulicrequirementsandwillconformwiththetechnical,economicandsafetystandards.(d)ScheduleWeeks95through1155-166 Subtask6.19-SpillwaySelectionReport(a)ObjectiveToprepareareportpresentingtheresultsofstudiesofalternativespillwaydesignconceptsfortheWatanaandDevilCanyonSitesandtheselectionanddevelopmentofpreliminarydesignsineachcase.(b)ApproachThespillwayselectionreportwillbeassembledtodocumenttheresultsofSubtask6.14through6.18dealingwithconsiderationofalternativesandpreparationofpreliminarydesignsfortheWatanaandDevilCanyonSpillways.Primaryinputtothereportwillbeprovidedbymemorandapreparedduringthecourseofthosestudiestosummarizetheworkundertaken,togetherwithappropriatedrawings,costesti-matesandschedules.Specifictopicstobeaddressedinthereportwillinclude:-basisofdesignfloodanalysis-selecteddesignfloods-selectedspillwaycapacity-selectionofspillwaytype-selectionofdischargefacilities-floodroutinganalysis-alternativespillwaylocations-preliminaryhydraulicdesignandratingcurves-optimizationofcrestwidths/elevations-downstreamerosioncontrol-preliminarystructuraldesigns-preliminarystabilityanalysis-foundationtreatmentconstructioncostandschedulesummaries-floodcontrolandoperationalsafety-icingconsiderations(c)DiscussionThereportalsowillincludeareviewoftheinterrelationshipofthetworeservoirsduringfloodsandtheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofadoptingremotecontroloperation.Thetechnical,economicandenvironmentalissuesinvolvedintheselecteddesignswillbedis-cussedtogetherwithrecommendationsforfurtherstudiestobeundertakenpriortoconstruction,includinghydraulicmodelling.Discussionsalsowillbepresentedonequipmentcontractpackagingalternatives.Thereportwillprovidebasicinputtofinaldesignofspillwaystructures,includingstructuralandhydraulicanalyses,geotechnicalconditionsandhydraulicdesignofthespillways.Thereportwillalsoaddressotherproblemsneedingfurtherinvestigationforthedetaileddesignsuchasgeotechnicaldesign,icejammingconditions5-167Subtask6.19-SpillwaySelectionReport(a)ObjectiveToprepareareportpresentingtheresultsofstudiesofalternativespillwaydesignconceptsfortheWatanaandDevilCanyonSitesandtheselectionanddevelopmentofpreliminarydesignsineachcase.(b)ApproachThespillwayselectionreportwillbeassembledtodocumenttheresultsofSubtask6.14through6.18dealingwithconsiderationofalternativesandpreparationofpreliminarydesignsfortheWatanaandDevilCanyonSpillways.Primaryinputtothereportwillbeprovidedbymemorandapreparedduringthecourseofthosestudiestosummarizetheworkundertaken,togetherwithappropriatedrawings,costesti-matesandschedules.Specifictopicstobeaddressedinthereportwillinclude:-basisofdesignfloodanalysis-selecteddesignfloods-selectedspillwaycapacity-selectionofspillwaytype-selectionofdischargefacilities-floodroutinganalysis-alternativespillwaylocations-preliminaryhydraulicdesignandratingcurves-optimizationofcrestwidths/elevations-downstreamerosioncontrol-preliminarystructuraldesigns-preliminarystabilityanalysis-foundationtreatmentconstructioncostandschedulesummaries-floodcontrolandoperationalsafety-icingconsiderations(c)DiscussionThereportalsowillincludeareviewoftheinterrelationshipofthetworeservoirsduringfloodsandtheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofadoptingremotecontroloperation.Thetechnical,economicandenvironmentalissuesinvolvedintheselecteddesignswillbedis-cussedtogetherwithrecommendationsforfurtherstudiestobeundertakenpriortoconstruction,includinghydraulicmodelling.Discussionsalsowillbepresentedonequipmentcontractpackagingalternatives.Thereportwillprovidebasicinputtofinaldesignofspillwaystructures,includingstructuralandhydraulicanalyses,geotechnicalconditionsandhydraulicdesignofthespillways.Thereportwillalsoaddressotherproblemsneedingfurtherinvestigationforthedetaileddesignsuchasgeotechnicaldesign,icejammingconditions5-167 andconstraints,seismicloading,possiblerequirementsforheatingandotherconstructionproblemsinextremeclimaticconditions.(d)ScheduleWeeks110through1205-168andconstraints,seismicloading,possiblerequirementsforheatingandotherconstructionproblemsinextremeclimaticconditions.(d)ScheduleWeeks110through1205-168 Subtask6.20-AccessandCampFacilities(a)ObjectiveTodeveloppreliminarydesigns,arrangementdrawingsandcostestimatesforpermanentcampandaccessroadfacilitiesforconstructionandoperationoftheDevilCanyon,Watanaandrelatedprojectfacilities.(b)ApproachTheresultsofaccessroadrouteselectionstudies,surveysundertakeninTask2,andgeotechnicalexplorationinTask5willprovidebasicinputtothistask.TheinitialcampfacilitiesalsodevelopedunderTask2willprovidethebasisuponwhichthecampdesignswillbedeveloped.OngoingTask6designactivitiestogetherwithTask9constructionandresourceschedulinginputalsowillbeusedinthedevelopmentofcampdesign.Preliminaryalignmentprofilesforroadsandassociatedhorizontalandverticalcurvedesigncriteriawillbedeveloped.Roadwidth,loadingcriteriaanddatawillbebasedontheheaviestandlargestitemsofpowerplantequipmenttobeshippedtothesite.Preliminaryplansandprofileswilldefinecutandfillslopesbasedongeotechnicaldataandincludedesignsforculvertsandbridges.Bridgeandculvertalignmentsanddesignswillbebasedonpreliminarytopographic,geologicandhydrologicinputateachlocation.Tunnelsmaybeusedwhereappropriate.Atotalof27milesofaccessroadtotheDevilCanyonsitefromtheareaofHighwayNo.3orrailroadclosetoGoldCreek,areenvisioned.Anadditional37milesofroadwillberequiredfromtheDevilCanyonsitetotheWatanasite.Accessroadswillberequiredtotheairstriptoeachpowerplantandotherpowerfacilitiesandtothedamandspillwayforeachsite.(c)DiscussionPermitsrequiredforconstructionofaccessroadsandcampfacilitieswillbeobtainedbyCIRI/H&N,whowillalsoprovidesupportinthedevelopmentofcampdesigns.Accessroadandpermanentcampfacilitieswillprobablyberequiredateachofthedamsites.Atleastonepermanentcampfacilitywithall-weatherroadaccesstoallpermanentinstallationswillbenecessarytosupportprojectoperationandmaintenance.Permanentcampfacilitieswillincludepermanenthousingandrecrea-tion,medicalandshoppingfacilities.Thisworkwillformthebasisofpermittingandcontractdocumentsforaccessroadsscheduledtobeconstructedbetween1982andtheendof1987.(d)ScheduleWeeks70through805-169Subtask6.20-AccessandCampFacilities(a)ObjectiveTodeveloppreliminarydesigns,arrangementdrawingsandcostestimatesforpermanentcampandaccessroadfacilitiesforconstructionandoperationoftheDevilCanyon,Watanaandrelatedprojectfacilities.(b)ApproachTheresultsofaccessroadrouteselectionstudies,surveysundertakeninTask2,andgeotechnicalexplorationinTask5willprovidebasicinputtothistask.TheinitialcampfacilitiesalsodevelopedunderTask2willprovidethebasisuponwhichthecampdesignswillbedeveloped.OngoingTask6designactivitiestogetherwithTask9constructionandresourceschedulinginputalsowillbeusedinthedevelopmentofcampdesign.Preliminaryalignmentprofilesforroadsandassociatedhorizontalandverticalcurvedesigncriteriawillbedeveloped.Roadwidth,loadingcriteriaanddatawillbebasedontheheaviestandlargestitemsofpowerplantequipmenttobeshippedtothesite.Preliminaryplansandprofileswilldefinecutandfillslopesbasedongeotechnicaldataandincludedesignsforculvertsandbridges.Bridgeandculvertalignmentsanddesignswillbebasedonpreliminarytopographic,geologicandhydrologicinputateachlocation.Tunnelsmaybeusedwhereappropriate.Atotalof27milesofaccessroadtotheDevilCanyonsitefromtheareaofHighwayNo.3orrailroadclosetoGoldCreek,areenvisioned.Anadditional37milesofroadwillberequiredfromtheDevilCanyonsitetotheWatanasite.Accessroadswillberequiredtotheairstriptoeachpowerplantandotherpowerfacilitiesandtothedamandspillwayforeachsite.(c)DiscussionPermitsrequiredforconstructionofaccessroadsandcampfacilitieswillbeobtainedbyCIRI/H&N,whowillalsoprovidesupportinthedevelopmentofcampdesigns.Accessroadandpermanentcampfacilitieswillprobablyberequiredateachofthedamsites.Atleastonepermanentcampfacilitywithall-weatherroadaccesstoallpermanentinstallationswillbenecessarytosupportprojectoperationandmaintenance.Permanentcampfacilitieswillincludepermanenthousingandrecrea-tion,medicalandshoppingfacilities.Thisworkwillformthebasisofpermittingandcontractdocumentsforaccessroadsscheduledtobeconstructedbetween1982andtheendof1987.(d)ScheduleWeeks70through805-169 Subtask6.21-WatanaDiversionSchemes(a)ObjectiveToexaminealternativesandselectariverdiversionplantosatisfytheconstructionschedulerequirementsforconstructionoftheWatanadam,outletworks,spillway,powerplantandreservoir,andprepareconceptualdesigns,drawingsandcostestimatesfortheselectedscheme.(b)ApproachTheWatanadiversionschemewilldependtoalargeextentonthetypeandsizeofdamselectedfortheultimatedevelopmentandforanyintermediatestagesofconstruction.ForalargeearthorrockfilldamofthesizecurrentlyproposedatWatana,thediversionschemewillcomprisesomecombinationofup-streamanddownstreamcofferdamsandanappropriatearrangementoftunnels,intakesandoutletstructurestodiverttheflow.Considera-tionwillbegiventoalternativesinvolvingchanneldiversionschemesintheriverbedareaduringaportionoftheconstructionperiod.ForpossibleconcretedamalternativesconsideredunderSubtask6.07,somewhatdifferentdesignconceptswillbeinvolved.Thesewouldmostlikelyincludediversionofriverflowdirectlythroughoroverpartiallycompleteddamstructuralelements.Activitiesundertakeninthissubtaskwillincludethefollowing:-Selectionofdiversiondesignfloodanddevelopmentofotherdesigncriteria-Studyofalternativecofferdamdesignconcepts,heightsandplace-mentmethodsStudyofalternativetunnelalignments,sizes,methodsofconstruc-tionandliningrequirements-Reviewofrequirementsforflowcontrolandconceptualdesignofintakeandoutletstructures-Considerationoficingproblemsupstreamanddownstreamofthedam-sitearea-Reviewoffoundationcut-offandtreatmentrequirements-Considerationofrequirementsfordewateringofdamfoundations-Evaluationofmethodsoftunnelclosureforreservoirimpoundment-Conceptualdesigns,drawingsandcostestimatesfortheselecteddiversionscheme-Diversionfloodroutinganalyses.5-170Subtask6.21-WatanaDiversionSchemes(a)ObjectiveToexaminealternativesandselectariverdiversionplantosatisfytheconstructionschedulerequirementsforconstructionoftheWatanadam,outletworks,spillway,powerplantandreservoir,andprepareconceptualdesigns,drawingsandcostestimatesfortheselectedscheme.(b)ApproachTheWatanadiversionschemewilldependtoalargeextentonthetypeandsizeofdamselectedfortheultimatedevelopmentandforanyintermediatestagesofconstruction.ForalargeearthorrockfilldamofthesizecurrentlyproposedatWatana,thediversionschemewillcomprisesomecombinationofup-streamanddownstreamcofferdamsandanappropriatearrangementoftunnels,intakesandoutletstructurestodiverttheflow.Considera-tionwillbegiventoalternativesinvolvingchanneldiversionschemesintheriverbedareaduringaportionoftheconstructionperiod.ForpossibleconcretedamalternativesconsideredunderSubtask6.07,somewhatdifferentdesignconceptswillbeinvolved.Thesewouldmostlikelyincludediversionofriverflowdirectlythroughoroverpartiallycompleteddamstructuralelements.Activitiesundertakeninthissubtaskwillincludethefollowing:-Selectionofdiversiondesignfloodanddevelopmentofotherdesigncriteria-Studyofalternativecofferdamdesignconcepts,heightsandplace-mentmethodsStudyofalternativetunnelalignments,sizes,methodsofconstruc-tionandliningrequirements-Reviewofrequirementsforflowcontrolandconceptualdesignofintakeandoutletstructures-Considerationoficingproblemsupstreamanddownstreamofthedam-sitearea-Reviewoffoundationcut-offandtreatmentrequirements-Considerationofrequirementsfordewateringofdamfoundations-Evaluationofmethodsoftunnelclosureforreservoirimpoundment-Conceptualdesigns,drawingsandcostestimatesfortheselecteddiversionscheme-Diversionfloodroutinganalyses.5-170 (c)DiscussionTheselectedschemewillprovidesafearrangementsfordamconstruc-tionatminimumcost.Considerationwillbegiventoutilizationofpermanentprojectfeaturessuchaspowerandtailracetunnelsasdiversionfacilities.Inputtothissubtaskwillincludetheproposeddamconstructionschedule,diversionfloodflowcriteria,geotechnicalexplorationdataandthetypeandlocationofthemaindamandassociatedfeatures.DiversionfloodhydrographsandtailwaterratingcurvesforthesestudieswillbebasedonTask3output.Thefloodhydrographdatawillbereviewedandselectedforconsistencywiththerisksassoci-atedwithconstructionoftheWatanadam.Diversionstudieswilldeterminetheheightoftheupstreamanddownstreamcofferdamswithassociatedsizesofthediversiontunnelselectedforthescheme.Thesestudieswillbeusedtodetermineaneconomicalcombinationofsizeofthediversiontunnelandthecofferdamheight.Thesevereweatherconditionsatthissiteandtheimposedrestric-tionsontheconstructionscheduleassociatedwiththerelativelywelldefinedseasonalflowvariationsoftheriverwillimposecertainlimitationsondevelopmentofthedesignofthediversionscheme.Thecrestelevationoftheupstreamdiversiondamproposedinthe1979CorpsofEngineersreportisabout100feetabovetheexistingriverbed.Theembankmentofthiscofferdamthereforeappearstobefoundedonabout50feetofgravelandotherperviousmaterials.Constructionoftheembankmentofthediversiondamitselfisthusamajortaskandwouldprobablyrequireitsownsmallercofferdam.Aslurrytrenchorcut-offarrangementwillprobablyberequiredtolimitseepage.Diversiondewateringproblemsunderthecoreofthemaindamwillbeaggravatedbecauseoftherequiredexcavationandremovalofmorethan50feetofriverbedmaterial.(d)ScheduleWeeks85to955-171(c)DiscussionTheselectedschemewillprovidesafearrangementsfordamconstruc-tionatminimumcost.Considerationwillbegiventoutilizationofpermanentprojectfeaturessuchaspowerandtailracetunnelsasdiversionfacilities.Inputtothissubtaskwillincludetheproposeddamconstructionschedule,diversionfloodflowcriteria,geotechnicalexplorationdataandthetypeandlocationofthemaindamandassociatedfeatures.DiversionfloodhydrographsandtailwaterratingcurvesforthesestudieswillbebasedonTask3output.Thefloodhydrographdatawillbereviewedandselectedforconsistencywiththerisksassoci-atedwithconstructionoftheWatanadam.Diversionstudieswilldeterminetheheightoftheupstreamanddownstreamcofferdamswithassociatedsizesofthediversiontunnelselectedforthescheme.Thesestudieswillbeusedtodetermineaneconomicalcombinationofsizeofthediversiontunnelandthecofferdamheight.Thesevereweatherconditionsatthissiteandtheimposedrestric-tionsontheconstructionscheduleassociatedwiththerelativelywelldefinedseasonalflowvariationsoftheriverwillimposecertainlimitationsondevelopmentofthedesignofthediversionscheme.Thecrestelevationoftheupstreamdiversiondamproposedinthe1979CorpsofEngineersreportisabout100feetabovetheexistingriverbed.Theembankmentofthiscofferdamthereforeappearstobefoundedonabout50feetofgravelandotherperviousmaterials.Constructionoftheembankmentofthediversiondamitselfisthusamajortaskandwouldprobablyrequireitsownsmallercofferdam.Aslurrytrenchorcut-offarrangementwillprobablyberequiredtolimitseepage.Diversiondewateringproblemsunderthecoreofthemaindamwillbeaggravatedbecauseoftherequiredexcavationandremovalofmorethan50feetofriverbedmaterial.(d)ScheduleWeeks85to955-171 Subtask6.22-DevilCanyonDiversionSchemes(a)ObjectiveToexaminealternativesandselectariverdiversionplantosatisfytheconstructionschedulerequirementsforconstructionoftheDevilCanyondam,outletworks,spillway,powerplantandreservoir,andprepareconceptualdesigns,drawingsandcostestimatesfortheselectedscheme.(b)ApproachTheDevilCanyondiversionschemewilldependtoalargeextentonthetypeandsizeofdamselectedfortheultimatedevelopmentandforanyintermediatestagesofconstruction.TheschemewillbegreatlyinfluencedbythepatternofreleasesfromtheupstreamWatanadevelopmentwhichwillprobablyalreadybeinplace.ForaconcretedamofthesizecurrentlyproposedatDevilCanyon,thediversionschemewillprobablycomprisesomecombinationofupstreamanddownstreamcofferdamsandanappropriatearrangementoftunnels,intakesandoutletstructurestodiverttheflow.Considerationwillbegiventoalternativesinvolvingdiversionofriverflowdirectlythroughoroverpartiallycompleteddamstructuralelementsduringatleastaportionoftheconstructionperiod.ForpossiblerockfilldamalternativesconsideredunderSubtask6.08,somewhatdifferentdesignconceptswillbeinvolved.Activitiesundertakeninthissubtaskwillincludethefollowing:-SelectionofdiversiondesignfloodbasedonWatanareleasesanddevelopmentofotherdesigncriteria-Studyofalternativecofferdamdesignconcepts,heightsandplace-mentmethodsStudyofalternativetunnelalignments,sizes,methodsofconstruc-tionandliningrequirements-Diversionfloodroutingstudies-Reviewofrequirementsforflowcontrolandconceptualdesignofintakeandoutletstructures-Considerationoficingproblemsupstreamanddownstreamofthedam-sitearea-Reviewoffoundationcut-offandtreatmentrequirements-Considerationofrequirementsfordewateringofdamfoundations-Evaluationofmethodsoftunnelclosureforreservoirimpoundment5-172Subtask6.22-DevilCanyonDiversionSchemes(a)ObjectiveToexaminealternativesandselectariverdiversionplantosatisfytheconstructionschedulerequirementsforconstructionoftheDevilCanyondam,outletworks,spillway,powerplantandreservoir,andprepareconceptualdesigns,drawingsandcostestimatesfortheselectedscheme.(b)ApproachTheDevilCanyondiversionschemewilldependtoalargeextentonthetypeandsizeofdamselectedfortheultimatedevelopmentandforanyintermediatestagesofconstruction.TheschemewillbegreatlyinfluencedbythepatternofreleasesfromtheupstreamWatanadevelopmentwhichwillprobablyalreadybeinplace.ForaconcretedamofthesizecurrentlyproposedatDevilCanyon,thediversionschemewillprobablycomprisesomecombinationofupstreamanddownstreamcofferdamsandanappropriatearrangementoftunnels,intakesandoutletstructurestodiverttheflow.Considerationwillbegiventoalternativesinvolvingdiversionofriverflowdirectlythroughoroverpartiallycompleteddamstructuralelementsduringatleastaportionoftheconstructionperiod.ForpossiblerockfilldamalternativesconsideredunderSubtask6.08,somewhatdifferentdesignconceptswillbeinvolved.Activitiesundertakeninthissubtaskwillincludethefollowing:-SelectionofdiversiondesignfloodbasedonWatanareleasesanddevelopmentofotherdesigncriteria-Studyofalternativecofferdamdesignconcepts,heightsandplace-mentmethodsStudyofalternativetunnelalignments,sizes,methodsofconstruc-tionandliningrequirements-Diversionfloodroutingstudies-Reviewofrequirementsforflowcontrolandconceptualdesignofintakeandoutletstructures-Considerationoficingproblemsupstreamanddownstreamofthedam-sitearea-Reviewoffoundationcut-offandtreatmentrequirements-Considerationofrequirementsfordewateringofdamfoundations-Evaluationofmethodsoftunnelclosureforreservoirimpoundment5-172 -Conceptualdesigns,drawingsandcostestimatesfortheselecteddiversionscheme-Considerationofconcretedamconstructionmethodsandrisksinvolvedindiversionofriverflowthroughpartiallycompletedelements.(c)DiscussionTheselectedschememustprovidesafearrangementsfordamconstruc-tionatminimumcost.Considerationwillbegiventoutilizationofpermanentprojectfeaturessuchastunnels,powerandtailraceasdiversionfacilities.Constructionplanninganddesignofdiversionfacilitieswilltakedueaccountofthesefactors.Duringspringandearlysummer,dischargesfromWatanaspillwaycouldimposeseverelimitationsanddesignconstraintsforthedevelopmentofthediversionplanfortheDevilCanyonsite.Inputtothissubtaskwillincludetheproposeddamconstructionschedule,appropriateflood-flowcriteria,geotechnicalexplorationdataandthetypeandlocationofthemaindamandassociatedfeatures.Ifappropriate,diversionstudieswilldeterminetheheightoftheupstreamanddownstreamcofferdamswithassociatedsizesofthediversiontunnelselectedforthescheme.Thesestudieswilldetermineareasonablyeconomicalcombinationofsizeofthediversiontunnelandthecofferdamheight.TailwaterratingcurvesforthesestudieswillbebasedonTask3output.Thefloodhydrographdatawillbereviewedforitsapplicationandappropriatelymodifiedinaccordancewiththerisksassociatedwithsuchahighdam.(d)ScheduleWeeks85to955-173-Conceptualdesigns,drawingsandcostestimatesfortheselecteddiversionscheme-Considerationofconcretedamconstructionmethodsandrisksinvolvedindiversionofriverflowthroughpartiallycompletedelements.(c)DiscussionTheselectedschememustprovidesafearrangementsfordamconstruc-tionatminimumcost.Considerationwillbegiventoutilizationofpermanentprojectfeaturessuchastunnels,powerandtailraceasdiversionfacilities.Constructionplanninganddesignofdiversionfacilitieswilltakedueaccountofthesefactors.Duringspringandearlysummer,dischargesfromWatanaspillwaycouldimposeseverelimitationsanddesignconstraintsforthedevelopmentofthediversionplanfortheDevilCanyonsite.Inputtothissubtaskwillincludetheproposeddamconstructionschedule,appropriateflood-flowcriteria,geotechnicalexplorationdataandthetypeandlocationofthemaindamandassociatedfeatures.Ifappropriate,diversionstudieswilldeterminetheheightoftheupstreamanddownstreamcofferdamswithassociatedsizesofthediversiontunnelselectedforthescheme.Thesestudieswilldetermineareasonablyeconomicalcombinationofsizeofthediversiontunnelandthecofferdamheight.TailwaterratingcurvesforthesestudieswillbebasedonTask3output.Thefloodhydrographdatawillbereviewedforitsapplicationandappropriatelymodifiedinaccordancewiththerisksassociatedwithsuchahighdam.(d)ScheduleWeeks85to955-173 Subtask6.23-OptimizeWatanaPowerDevelopment(a)ObjectiveTostudyalternativeWatanapowerplantlocations,typesandsizes,andassociatedintake,powerconduitandoutletfacilitieswithinthecontextofselecteddamandspillwayarrangements,andselecttheoptimumpowerdevelopmentconcept.(b)ApproachThethreemajorcomponentsofprojectcostatWatanaarethedam,thespillwayandthepowerdevelopmentfacilities.TothispointinTask6studies,workwillconcentrateonestablishingtherequirementsforfeasibleoptimumdamandspillwaydesignconcepts.Thesestudiesgenerallywillbedevelopedonthebasisofengineeringjudgmentandexperienceandpreviousreportdata.ThiswillnotdetractfromtheoverallobjectiveofthisPOSinthatthefurtherimprovementsandeconomieswhichmaybemadeinthedesignofthepowerfacilitiesarenotlikelytoaffecttheoveralltechnicalandeconomicfeasibilityoftheprojectsignificantly.Thelocation,typeandsizeofthepowerplantassociatedwiththeselecteddamandspillwaystructureswillbeconsideredinmoredetail.TheinstalledcapacityandannualgenerationdatadevelopedunderSubtask6.03willbere-examinedinthelightofupdatedtotalprojectcostand anyadditionalhydrologicaldatawhichmayhavebeendeveloped.Additionalavailablegeotechnicaldatawillbeconsideredindesignatingalternativepowerplantlocationsandre-evaluationofpowerdevelopmentcosts.Subjectsofstudywillincludethefollowing:-Confirmationoftailwaterratingcurvesandhydraulicheadcomputa-tions-DeterminationofoptimumplantcapacityandenergyoutputsaspartoftheRailbeltRegionpowersystem-Surfaceandunderground,leftorrightabutment,powerhouselocations-Number,sizeandliningrequirementsforpenstocks,tailracetunnelsandsurgetank-Number,type,sizeandsettingofunits-Locationandnumberoftransformers-SwitchyardandcablingrequirementsSelectionoftheoptimumpowerdevelopmentwillbemadeonthebasisoftechnicalfeasibilityandsafetyatminimumcost.5-174Subtask6.23-OptimizeWatanaPowerDevelopment(a)ObjectiveTostudyalternativeWatanapowerplantlocations,typesandsizes,andassociatedintake,powerconduitandoutletfacilitieswithinthecontextofselecteddamandspillwayarrangements,andselecttheoptimumpowerdevelopmentconcept.(b)ApproachThethreemajorcomponentsofprojectcostatWatanaarethedam,thespillwayandthepowerdevelopmentfacilities.TothispointinTask6studies,workwillconcentrateonestablishingtherequirementsforfeasibleoptimumdamandspillwaydesignconcepts.Thesestudiesgenerallywillbedevelopedonthebasisofengineeringjudgmentandexperienceandpreviousreportdata.ThiswillnotdetractfromtheoverallobjectiveofthisPOSinthatthefurtherimprovementsandeconomieswhichmaybemadeinthedesignofthepowerfacilitiesarenotlikelytoaffecttheoveralltechnicalandeconomicfeasibilityoftheprojectsignificantly.Thelocation,typeandsizeofthepowerplantassociatedwiththeselecteddamandspillwaystructureswillbeconsideredinmoredetail.TheinstalledcapacityandannualgenerationdatadevelopedunderSubtask6.03willbere-examinedinthelightofupdatedtotalprojectcostand anyadditionalhydrologicaldatawhichmayhavebeendeveloped.Additionalavailablegeotechnicaldatawillbeconsideredindesignatingalternativepowerplantlocationsandre-evaluationofpowerdevelopmentcosts.Subjectsofstudywillincludethefollowing:-Confirmationoftailwaterratingcurvesandhydraulicheadcomputa-tions-DeterminationofoptimumplantcapacityandenergyoutputsaspartoftheRailbeltRegionpowersystem-Surfaceandunderground,leftorrightabutment,powerhouselocations-Number,sizeandliningrequirementsforpenstocks,tailracetunnelsandsurgetank-Number,type,sizeandsettingofunits-Locationandnumberoftransformers-SwitchyardandcablingrequirementsSelectionoftheoptimumpowerdevelopmentwillbemadeonthebasisoftechnicalfeasibilityandsafetyatminimumcost.5-174 (c)DiscussionTheoptimumschedulingofhydroelectricinstallationsdevelopedunderTask1willbereviewedasinputtothisSubtask.FortheheadandsizeofunitcontemplatedatWatana,verticalFrancisunitsdirectlyconnectedtosynchronousgeneratorsarethemostlikelyinstallation.Dependingonthedesiredstagingofdevelopment,moderntrendsgenerallysuggestthatfewer,largerunitsaremostlikelytoprovidemaximumopportunitiesforeconomyofscale.Discussionswillbeheldwithmanufacturersindeterminingtheprobableoptimumsizeofunit.Noproblemsareanticipatedinselectingunitsatthesizeandheadenvisaged.AsummaryofrecentlargeFrancisunitdesignsispresentedinTableA5.6.The1979CorpsofEngineersdesignforWatanaindicatesanundergroundpowerplantlocation.Theschedulingadvantagesofsuchaninstalla-tionareconsiderableinthatyear-roundconstructionisfacilitated.Nevertheless,surfacealternativesmayoffersomeadvantagesparticu-larlyinsomeofthepossiblelimitationsimposedbyspillwaylocationpriorities.(d)ScheduleWeeks90through1105-175(c)DiscussionTheoptimumschedulingofhydroelectricinstallationsdevelopedunderTask1willbereviewedasinputtothisSubtask.FortheheadandsizeofunitcontemplatedatWatana,verticalFrancisunitsdirectlyconnectedtosynchronousgeneratorsarethemostlikelyinstallation.Dependingonthedesiredstagingofdevelopment,moderntrendsgenerallysuggestthatfewer,largerunitsaremostlikelytoprovidemaximumopportunitiesforeconomyofscale.Discussionswillbeheldwithmanufacturersindeterminingtheprobableoptimumsizeofunit.Noproblemsareanticipatedinselectingunitsatthesizeandheadenvisaged.AsummaryofrecentlargeFrancisunitdesignsispresentedinTableA5.6.The1979CorpsofEngineersdesignforWatanaindicatesanundergroundpowerplantlocation.Theschedulingadvantagesofsuchaninstalla-tionareconsiderableinthatyear-roundconstructionisfacilitated.Nevertheless,surfacealternativesmayoffersomeadvantagesparticu-larlyinsomeofthepossiblelimitationsimposedbyspillwaylocationpriorities.(d)ScheduleWeeks90through1105-175 TABLEA5.6TYPICALLARGEFRANCISUNITSNo.ofUnitYearinPlantLocationUnitsOutputHeadOperationChurchillFallsCanada11480MW1025ft1972GrandCouleeIIIWash.,USA63 -600MW285ft19773 -700MWGuriVenezula10650MW380ftUCItaipuBrazil18780MW388ftUCLudington*USA6343MW361ft1973BathCounty*USA6357MW1079ftUCMicaCanada4625MW600ft1977CoboraBassaMozambique5484MW372ft1977PauldAlfonsoBrazil5425MW369ftUC*FrancisReversiblePump-TurbinesUC-UnderConstruction5-176TABLEA5.6TYPICALLARGEFRANCISUNITSNo.ofUnitYearinPlantLocationUnitsOutputHeadOperationChurchillFallsCanada11480MW1025ft1972GrandCouleeIIIWash.,USA63 -600MW285ft19773 -700MWGuriVenezula10650MW380ftUCItaipuBrazil18780MW388ftUCLudington*USA6343MW361ft1973BathCounty*USA6357MW1079ftUCMicaCanada4625MW600ft1977CoboraBassaMozambique5484MW372ft1977PauldAlfonsoBrazil5425MW369ftUC*FrancisReversiblePump-TurbinesUC-UnderConstruction5-176 Subtask6.24-OptimizeDevilCanyonPowerDevelopment(a)ObjectiveTostudyalternativeDevilCanyonpowerplantlocations,typesandsizes,andassociatedintake,powerconduitandoutletfacilities,withinthecontextofselecteddamandspillwayarrangements,andselecttheoptimumpowerdevelopmentconcept.(b)ApproachAsinthecaseoftheWatanasite(Subtask6.23),Task6studieswillinitiallyconcentrateonestablishingtherequirementsforfeasibleoptimumdamandspillwaydesignconceptsatDevilCanyon.Thelocation,typeandsizeofthepowerplantassociatedwiththeselecteddamandspillwaystructureswillbeconsideredinmoredetail.However,spacerestrictionsinthenarrowDevilCanyonwillimposeconstraintsonavailablepowerhouselocations.TheinstalledcapacityandannualgenerationdatadevelopedunderSubtask6.03willbere-examinedinthelightofupdatedtotalprojectcostandanyadditionalhydrologicaldatawhichmaybedeveloped.Additionalavailablegeotechnicaldatawillbeconsideredinalternativepowerplantlocationsandre-evaluationofpowerdevelopmentcosts.Subjectsofstudywillincludethefollowing:-ImpactoftimereleasepatternsfromWatana-Confirmationoftailwaterratingcurvesandhydraulicheadcomputations-DeterminationofoptimumplantcapacityandenergyoutputsasparttheRailbeltRegionpowersystem-Surfaceandunderground,leftorrightabutment,orintegraldampowerhouselocations-Number,sizeandliningrequirementsforpenstocks,tailracetunnelsandsurgetank(ifrequired)-Number,type,sizeandsettingofunits-Locationandnumberoftransformers-SwitchyardandcablingrequirementsSelectionoftheoptimumpowerdevelopmentwillbemadeonthebasisoftechnicalfeasibilityandsafetyatminimumcost.5-177Subtask6.24-OptimizeDevilCanyonPowerDevelopment(a)ObjectiveTostudyalternativeDevilCanyonpowerplantlocations,typesandsizes,andassociatedintake,powerconduitandoutletfacilities,withinthecontextofselecteddamandspillwayarrangements,andselecttheoptimumpowerdevelopmentconcept.(b)ApproachAsinthecaseoftheWatanasite(Subtask6.23),Task6studieswillinitiallyconcentrateonestablishingtherequirementsforfeasibleoptimumdamandspillwaydesignconceptsatDevilCanyon.Thelocation,typeandsizeofthepowerplantassociatedwiththeselecteddamandspillwaystructureswillbeconsideredinmoredetail.However,spacerestrictionsinthenarrowDevilCanyonwillimposeconstraintsonavailablepowerhouselocations.TheinstalledcapacityandannualgenerationdatadevelopedunderSubtask6.03willbere-examinedinthelightofupdatedtotalprojectcostandanyadditionalhydrologicaldatawhichmaybedeveloped.Additionalavailablegeotechnicaldatawillbeconsideredinalternativepowerplantlocationsandre-evaluationofpowerdevelopmentcosts.Subjectsofstudywillincludethefollowing:-ImpactoftimereleasepatternsfromWatana-Confirmationoftailwaterratingcurvesandhydraulicheadcomputations-DeterminationofoptimumplantcapacityandenergyoutputsasparttheRailbeltRegionpowersystem-Surfaceandunderground,leftorrightabutment,orintegraldampowerhouselocations-Number,sizeandliningrequirementsforpenstocks,tailracetunnelsandsurgetank(ifrequired)-Number,type,sizeandsettingofunits-Locationandnumberoftransformers-SwitchyardandcablingrequirementsSelectionoftheoptimumpowerdevelopmentwillbemadeonthebasisoftechnicalfeasibilityandsafetyatminimumcost.5-177 (c)DiscussionTheoptimumDevilCanyonpowerdevelopmentwillbesignificantlyinfluencedbyWatanaplantoperations.AsatWatana,fortheheadandsizeofunitcontemplatedatDevilCanyon,verticalFrancisunitsdirectlyconnectedtosynchronousgenerationsarethemostlikelyinstallation.Discussionswillagainbeheldwithmanufacturersindeterminingtheprobableoptimumsizeofunit.The1979CorpsofEngineersdesignforDevilCanyonalsoindicatesanundergroundpowerplantlocation.Theschedulingadvantagesofsuchaninstallationareconsiderableinthatyear-roundconstructionisfacilitated.Nevertheless,surfacealternativesmayoffersomecostadvantages,particularlyifapowerplantconstructedintegrallywiththedamprovestobefeasible.(d)ScheduleWeeks9Dthrough1105-178(c)DiscussionTheoptimumDevilCanyonpowerdevelopmentwillbesignificantlyinfluencedbyWatanaplantoperations.AsatWatana,fortheheadandsizeofunitcontemplatedatDevilCanyon,verticalFrancisunitsdirectlyconnectedtosynchronousgenerationsarethemostlikelyinstallation.Discussionswillagainbeheldwithmanufacturersindeterminingtheprobableoptimumsizeofunit.The1979CorpsofEngineersdesignforDevilCanyonalsoindicatesanundergroundpowerplantlocation.Theschedulingadvantagesofsuchaninstallationareconsiderableinthatyear-roundconstructionisfacilitated.Nevertheless,surfacealternativesmayoffersomecostadvantages,particularlyifapowerplantconstructedintegrallywiththedamprovestobefeasible.(d)ScheduleWeeks9Dthrough1105-178 Subtask6.25-OptimizeDamHeights(a)ObjectiveToconsideralternativeheightsofselectedDevilCanyonandWatanadamstructuresandassociateddevelopmentdesignconceptsandselecttheoptimum.(b)ApproachAtthispointinthestudytheopportunitywillbetakentoreassessthecostsandbenefitsofeachdevelopmenttoconfirmormodifythedesignconceptspreviouslyadopted.TheSubtaskwillessentiallybeundertakenonthebasisoftheresultsofpreviousTask6studiesofthedams,spillwaysandpowerdevelopments.Thefollowingactivitieswillbeincluded:-developmentofpreliminaryconceptualdesignsforalternativedamheightswithassociatedspillwayandpowerdevelopmentmodifications-re-evaluationofdevelopmentconstructioncosts,powerandenergyoutputsandsystemeconomicsincorporatingthemodifieddevelopment-selectionoftheoptimumdevelopmentconcept-ifnecessary,modificationstoconceptualdesignsandcostestimatesofdamsandspillways(c)DiscussionThiswillessentiallybethefinalstepinthedeterminationofpro-jectfeasibilityandinselectionoftheoptimumdevelopmentateachsiteintermsofmaximumnetbenefits.Inselectingtheoptimumdevelopment,dueconsiderationwillbegiventorelevantenvironmentalissues.(d)ScheduleWeeks105to1155-179Subtask6.25-OptimizeDamHeights(a)ObjectiveToconsideralternativeheightsofselectedDevilCanyonandWatanadamstructuresandassociateddevelopmentdesignconceptsandselecttheoptimum.(b)ApproachAtthispointinthestudytheopportunitywillbetakentoreassessthecostsandbenefitsofeachdevelopmenttoconfirmormodifythedesignconceptspreviouslyadopted.TheSubtaskwillessentiallybeundertakenonthebasisoftheresultsofpreviousTask6studiesofthedams,spillwaysandpowerdevelopments.Thefollowingactivitieswillbeincluded:-developmentofpreliminaryconceptualdesignsforalternativedamheightswithassociatedspillwayandpowerdevelopmentmodifications-re-evaluationofdevelopmentconstructioncosts,powerandenergyoutputsandsystemeconomicsincorporatingthemodifieddevelopment-selectionoftheoptimumdevelopmentconcept-ifnecessary,modificationstoconceptualdesignsandcostestimatesofdamsandspillways(c)DiscussionThiswillessentiallybethefinalstepinthedeterminationofpro-jectfeasibilityandinselectionoftheoptimumdevelopmentateachsiteintermsofmaximumnetbenefits.Inselectingtheoptimumdevelopment,dueconsiderationwillbegiventorelevantenvironmentalissues.(d)ScheduleWeeks105to1155-179 Subtask6.26-PreliminaryDesignWatanaPowerDevelopment(a)ObjectiveTodeveloppreliminaryconceptualdesigns,drawingsandcostestimatesforWatanapowerplant,intake,powerconduitsandoutletworks.(b)ApproachPreliminarydesigns,drawingsandcostestimateswillbepreparedfortheselectedoptimumpowerdevelopmentfacilitiesatWatanaincluding:-Generalarrangement-Powerhousearrangement-Valvechambers-Powerhousecrane-Accessandcontrolroomfacilities-Transformerarea-Drafttubesandgates-Busductsandcableshafts-Intakesandgates-Penstocksandsurgetank(ifrequired)-Tailraceandoutletstructure-SwitchyardandtransmissionarrangementsTheworkwillalsoincludethefollowingactivities:-Establishtheturbineheadandcapacityratingandmechanicalequipmentrequired-EstablishthegeneratorratingandotherelectricalequipmentrequirementsDeterminearrangementofmechanicalandelectricalequipmentinthepowerhouselayoutforthemostefficientuseofspace-Prepareelectricalsingle-linediagram-Makepreliminaryanalysesoftransientpressuresinthepowerconduit-Designpreliminarypenstocksteel/concretelining(c)DiscussionStudieswillbemadeofthegeotechnicalaspectsoftheundergroundstructuressuchasthepowerhouse,tunnelsandpenstocks,withappropriateinputfromexploratorywork.Theassessmentofgeotechni-calproblemsandthedesignanalysiswillbesufficientindepthtoestablishtechnicalfeasibilityandtodeterminerealisticcapitalcostandschedulerequirements.Theobjectiveofthesestudieswillbetolocateastructurallysoundblockofrockwithinwhichthemajoropeningsmaybesitedwithconfidence.5-180Subtask6.26-PreliminaryDesignWatanaPowerDevelopment(a)ObjectiveTodeveloppreliminaryconceptualdesigns,drawingsandcostestimatesforWatanapowerplant,intake,powerconduitsandoutletworks.(b)ApproachPreliminarydesigns,drawingsandcostestimateswillbepreparedfortheselectedoptimumpowerdevelopmentfacilitiesatWatanaincluding:-Generalarrangement-Powerhousearrangement-Valvechambers-Powerhousecrane-Accessandcontrolroomfacilities-Transformerarea-Drafttubesandgates-Busductsandcableshafts-Intakesandgates-Penstocksandsurgetank(ifrequired)-Tailraceandoutletstructure-SwitchyardandtransmissionarrangementsTheworkwillalsoincludethefollowingactivities:-Establishtheturbineheadandcapacityratingandmechanicalequipmentrequired-EstablishthegeneratorratingandotherelectricalequipmentrequirementsDeterminearrangementofmechanicalandelectricalequipmentinthepowerhouselayoutforthemostefficientuseofspace-Prepareelectricalsingle-linediagram-Makepreliminaryanalysesoftransientpressuresinthepowerconduit-Designpreliminarypenstocksteel/concretelining(c)DiscussionStudieswillbemadeofthegeotechnicalaspectsoftheundergroundstructuressuchasthepowerhouse,tunnelsandpenstocks,withappropriateinputfromexploratorywork.Theassessmentofgeotechni-calproblemsandthedesignanalysiswillbesufficientindepthtoestablishtechnicalfeasibilityandtodeterminerealisticcapitalcostandschedulerequirements.Theobjectiveofthesestudieswillbetolocateastructurallysoundblockofrockwithinwhichthemajoropeningsmaybesitedwithconfidence.5-180 Asanextensionofthefieldprogram,theassessmentwillincluderockqualitystudiesidentifyingandevaluatingsignificantgeologicalfeaturessuchasfaults,foliation,shearzones,principaljointsystems,groundwaterandseepageregimes.Duringthisprocess,basicdesignparameterssuchasshearstrengthandrockmoduluswillbeevaluated.Basedonassessmentandevaluationofthestudies,thebasicdesigncriteriaforrockexcavation,rockreinforcement,rocksupportliningrequirementsandpressurereliefsystemsformajoropeningstoensurerockmassstabilitywillbeconfirmed.Thesizeofmajoropeningssuchastheundergroundpowerhousewillbelargelydictatedbymechanicalandelectricalequipment,hydraulicrequirements,andorientationandshapeoftheopenings.Thedesignoptimizationofthegeometrywilldependonthestrengthcharacteris-ticsofthemassrockrelativetothestressesthatmaybeimposed.Finiteelementstressanalysismaybenecessaryduringlaterprojectdesignphasesaftersubmissionofthelicenseapplicationtocheckthestabilityoftheopenings.Icejammingconditionsandothersevereweatherconstructionandpost-constructionconditionswillbeexaminedtoprovideafacilitywhichisfullyintegratedwiththehydraulicsystemoftheconduitsandpowerplant,andcanserveunderallweatherconditions.Preliminaryconceptswillbedevelopedforstructuraldetails,alongwithconcretepourandjointingdetailsandconsiderationofconstructionmethods.Tocopewithwaterqualityandenvironmentalproblemsduetoreservoirstratification,theintakestructureshouldbecapableofdrawingwaterfromseveraldifferentlevels.Theconceptualdesignofanintakestructurewithvariouslevelsofwithdrawal,powerinlettransitions,emergencygates,andtrashrackdetailswillbeundertaken.Informationobtainedfrommanufacturersforspecificmechanicalandelectricalequipmentitemswithassociatedcostsandcharacteristicswillbeusedintheconceptuallayoutdrawingsandalsoforthecostestimate.Preliminaryconceptualdesignsofgates,bridges,energy-dissipatingstructures,tunnelsandallotherhydraulicstructureswillbemadetoprovidereliablecostdata.(d)ScheduleWeeks95to1155-181Asanextensionofthefieldprogram,theassessmentwillincluderockqualitystudiesidentifyingandevaluatingsignificantgeologicalfeaturessuchasfaults,foliation,shearzones,principaljointsystems,groundwaterandseepageregimes.Duringthisprocess,basicdesignparameterssuchasshearstrengthandrockmoduluswillbeevaluated.Basedonassessmentandevaluationofthestudies,thebasicdesigncriteriaforrockexcavation,rockreinforcement,rocksupportliningrequirementsandpressurereliefsystemsformajoropeningstoensurerockmassstabilitywillbeconfirmed.Thesizeofmajoropeningssuchastheundergroundpowerhousewillbelargelydictatedbymechanicalandelectricalequipment,hydraulicrequirements,andorientationandshapeoftheopenings.Thedesignoptimizationofthegeometrywilldependonthestrengthcharacteris-ticsofthemassrockrelativetothestressesthatmaybeimposed.Finiteelementstressanalysismaybenecessaryduringlaterprojectdesignphasesaftersubmissionofthelicenseapplicationtocheckthestabilityoftheopenings.Icejammingconditionsandothersevereweatherconstructionandpost-constructionconditionswillbeexaminedtoprovideafacilitywhichisfullyintegratedwiththehydraulicsystemoftheconduitsandpowerplant,andcanserveunderallweatherconditions.Preliminaryconceptswillbedevelopedforstructuraldetails,alongwithconcretepourandjointingdetailsandconsiderationofconstructionmethods.Tocopewithwaterqualityandenvironmentalproblemsduetoreservoirstratification,theintakestructureshouldbecapableofdrawingwaterfromseveraldifferentlevels.Theconceptualdesignofanintakestructurewithvariouslevelsofwithdrawal,powerinlettransitions,emergencygates,andtrashrackdetailswillbeundertaken.Informationobtainedfrommanufacturersforspecificmechanicalandelectricalequipmentitemswithassociatedcostsandcharacteristicswillbeusedintheconceptuallayoutdrawingsandalsoforthecostestimate.Preliminaryconceptualdesignsofgates,bridges,energy-dissipatingstructures,tunnelsandallotherhydraulicstructureswillbemadetoprovidereliablecostdata.(d)ScheduleWeeks95to1155-181 Subtask6.27-PreliminaryDesignDevilCanyonPowerDevelopment(a)ObjectiveTodeveloppreliminaryconceptualdesigns,drawingsandcostestimatesforDevilCanyonpowerplant,intake,powerconduitsandoutletworks.(b)ApproachAsfortheWatanaPowerDevelopment,workunderthisSubtaskwillincludepreliminarydesigns,drawingsandcostestimatesfortheselectedoptimumpowerdevelopmentfacilitiesatDevilCanyon.Thesewillinclude:-Generalarrangement-Powerhousearrangement-Valvechambers-Powerhousecrane-Accessandcontrolroomfacilities-Powerhousecrane-Transformerarea-Drafttubesandgates-Busductsandcableshafts-Intakesandgates-Penstocksandsurgetank(ifrequired)-Tailraceandoutletstructure-SwitchyardandtransmissionarrangementsTheworkwillalsoincludethefollowingactivities:-Establishtheturbineheadandcapacityratingandmechanicalequipmentrequired-Establishthegeneratorratingandotherelectricalequipmentrequirements-Determinearrangementofmechanicalandelectricalequipmentinthepowerhouselayoutforthemostefficientuseofspace-Prepareelectricalsingle-linediagramProvidepreliminaryanalysisoftransientpressuresinthepowerconduit-Designpreliminarypenstocksteel/concretelining(c)DiscussionAsforWatana,thegeotechnicalaspectsofthedesignofundergroundstructuressuchasthepowerhouse,tunnelsandpenstockswillbecarefullyassessedwithdueconsiderationoftheresultsofexplora-torywork.Theassessmentofgeotechnicalproblemsandthedesignanalysiswillbesufficientindepthtoestablishtechnicalfeasibil-ityandtodeterminerealisticcapitalcostandschedulerequirements.5-182Subtask6.27-PreliminaryDesignDevilCanyonPowerDevelopment(a)ObjectiveTodeveloppreliminaryconceptualdesigns,drawingsandcostestimatesforDevilCanyonpowerplant,intake,powerconduitsandoutletworks.(b)ApproachAsfortheWatanaPowerDevelopment,workunderthisSubtaskwillincludepreliminarydesigns,drawingsandcostestimatesfortheselectedoptimumpowerdevelopmentfacilitiesatDevilCanyon.Thesewillinclude:-Generalarrangement-Powerhousearrangement-Valvechambers-Powerhousecrane-Accessandcontrolroomfacilities-Powerhousecrane-Transformerarea-Drafttubesandgates-Busductsandcableshafts-Intakesandgates-Penstocksandsurgetank(ifrequired)-Tailraceandoutletstructure-SwitchyardandtransmissionarrangementsTheworkwillalsoincludethefollowingactivities:-Establishtheturbineheadandcapacityratingandmechanicalequipmentrequired-Establishthegeneratorratingandotherelectricalequipmentrequirements-Determinearrangementofmechanicalandelectricalequipmentinthepowerhouselayoutforthemostefficientuseofspace-Prepareelectricalsingle-linediagramProvidepreliminaryanalysisoftransientpressuresinthepowerconduit-Designpreliminarypenstocksteel/concretelining(c)DiscussionAsforWatana,thegeotechnicalaspectsofthedesignofundergroundstructuressuchasthepowerhouse,tunnelsandpenstockswillbecarefullyassessedwithdueconsiderationoftheresultsofexplora-torywork.Theassessmentofgeotechnicalproblemsandthedesignanalysiswillbesufficientindepthtoestablishtechnicalfeasibil-ityandtodeterminerealisticcapitalcostandschedulerequirements.5-182 Theassessmentwillincludeidentificationofdesignparameterssuchasshearstrengthandrockmodulusandevaluationofsignificantgeologicfeaturessuchasfaults,foliation,shearzones,principaljointsystems,groundwaterandseepageregimes.Thebasicdesigncriteriaforrockexcavation,rockreinforcement,rocksupportliningrequirementsandpressurereliefsystemsformajoropeningstoensurerockmassstabilitywillbeconfirmed.Thesizeofmajoropeningssuchastheundergroundpowerhousewillbelargelydictatedbymechanicalandelectricalequipment,hydraulicrequirements,andorientationandshapeoftheopenings.Finiteelementstressanalysismaybenecessaryduringlaterprojectdesignphasesaftersubmissionofthelicenseapplicationtocheckthestabilityoftheopenings.EvaluationoftheimpactofconjunctiveoperationofDevilCanyonandWatanawillbeundertaken,includingtheeffectsoficejammingandothersevereweatherconstructionandpost-constructionconditions.Tocopewithwaterqualityandenvironmentalproblemsduetoreservoirstratification,theintakestructureshouldbecapableofdrawingwaterfromseveraldifferentlevels.Theconceptualdesignofanintakestructurewithvariouslevelsofwithdrawal,powerinlettrans-itions,emergencygates,andtrashrackdetailswillbeundertaken.Informationobtainedfrommanufacturersforspecificmechanicalandelectricalequipmentitemswithassociatedcostsandcharacteristicswillbeusedintheconceptuallayoutdrawingsandalsoforthecostestimate.Preliminaryconceptualdesignsofgates,bridges,energydissipatingstructures,tunnelsandallotherhydraulicstructureswillbemadetoprovidereliablecostdata.(d)ScheduleWeeks95to1155-183Theassessmentwillincludeidentificationofdesignparameterssuchasshearstrengthandrockmodulusandevaluationofsignificantgeologicfeaturessuchasfaults,foliation,shearzones,principaljointsystems,groundwaterandseepageregimes.Thebasicdesigncriteriaforrockexcavation,rockreinforcement,rocksupportliningrequirementsandpressurereliefsystemsformajoropeningstoensurerockmassstabilitywillbeconfirmed.Thesizeofmajoropeningssuchastheundergroundpowerhousewillbelargelydictatedbymechanicalandelectricalequipment,hydraulicrequirements,andorientationandshapeoftheopenings.Finiteelementstressanalysismaybenecessaryduringlaterprojectdesignphasesaftersubmissionofthelicenseapplicationtocheckthestabilityoftheopenings.EvaluationoftheimpactofconjunctiveoperationofDevilCanyonandWatanawillbeundertaken,includingtheeffectsoficejammingandothersevereweatherconstructionandpost-constructionconditions.Tocopewithwaterqualityandenvironmentalproblemsduetoreservoirstratification,theintakestructureshouldbecapableofdrawingwaterfromseveraldifferentlevels.Theconceptualdesignofanintakestructurewithvariouslevelsofwithdrawal,powerinlettrans-itions,emergencygates,andtrashrackdetailswillbeundertaken.Informationobtainedfrommanufacturersforspecificmechanicalandelectricalequipmentitemswithassociatedcostsandcharacteristicswillbeusedintheconceptuallayoutdrawingsandalsoforthecostestimate.Preliminaryconceptualdesignsofgates,bridges,energydissipatingstructures,tunnelsandallotherhydraulicstructureswillbemadetoprovidereliablecostdata.(d)ScheduleWeeks95to1155-183 Subtask6.28-PowerDevelopmentReport(a)ObjectiveToprepareareportpresentingtheresultsofstudiesofoptimizationofpowerdevelopmentalternativesfortheWatanaandDevilCanyonSitesandtheselectionanddevelopmentofpreliminaryconceptualdesignsineachcase.(b)ApproachThepowerdevelopmentreportwillbeassembledtodocumenttheresultsofSubtasks6.06and6.23through6.27.ThereportwilldealwithconsiderationofalternativesandpreparationofpreliminarydesignsfortheWatanaandDevilCanyonpowerdevelopments,includingintakes,penstocks,surgetanks,powerplants,tailrace,switchyardandtrans-missionfacilitiesforeachsite.Primaryinputtothereportwillbeprovidedbymemorandapreparedduringthecourseofthosestudiestosummarizetheworkundertaken,togetherwithappropriatedrawings,costestimatesandschedules.Specifictopicstobeaddressedinthereportwillincludethefollowing:-stagedpowerdevelopmentconsiderations-selectionofgeneratingcapacityofinstallations-geotechnicaldesignconsiderations-hydraulicdesignparameters-conceptualdesignofpowerdevelopments-single-linediagrams-costestimatesandschedules-mechanicalequipmentselection-electricalequipmentselection-accessoryelectricalequipment-miscellaneouspowerplantequipment(c)DiscussionThetechnicalandeconomicissuesinvolvedintheselecteddesignswillbediscussedtogetherwithrecommendationsforfurtherstudiestobeundertakenpriortoconstruction.Atleastoneofthepowerplantswillincorporateanundergroundcaverninstallation.Theselectionoflocationandgeologicconsiderationsfortheundergroundfacilitieswillbefullydiscussed.Recommendationswillbepresentedforequipmentandconstructioncontractpackagingalternativestobeconsidered.Thereportwillprovidebasicinputtofinaldesignofpowerdevelop-mentstructures,includingstructuralandhydraulicanalyses,geotech-nicalconditionsandhydraulicdesignoftheintake,penstockandtailracefacilities.Thereportwilladdressotherproblemsneedingfurtherinvestigationforthedetaileddesignsuchasgeotechnicaldesign,icejammingconditionsandconstraints,seismicloading,possiblerequirementsforheatingandotherconstructionproblemsinextremeclimaticconditions.(d)ScheduleWeeks110through1205-184Subtask6.28-PowerDevelopmentReport(a)ObjectiveToprepareareportpresentingtheresultsofstudiesofoptimizationofpowerdevelopmentalternativesfortheWatanaandDevilCanyonSitesandtheselectionanddevelopmentofpreliminaryconceptualdesignsineachcase.(b)ApproachThepowerdevelopmentreportwillbeassembledtodocumenttheresultsofSubtasks6.06and6.23through6.27.ThereportwilldealwithconsiderationofalternativesandpreparationofpreliminarydesignsfortheWatanaandDevilCanyonpowerdevelopments,includingintakes,penstocks,surgetanks,powerplants,tailrace,switchyardandtrans-missionfacilitiesforeachsite.Primaryinputtothereportwillbeprovidedbymemorandapreparedduringthecourseofthosestudiestosummarizetheworkundertaken,togetherwithappropriatedrawings,costestimatesandschedules.Specifictopicstobeaddressedinthereportwillincludethefollowing:-stagedpowerdevelopmentconsiderations-selectionofgeneratingcapacityofinstallations-geotechnicaldesignconsiderations-hydraulicdesignparameters-conceptualdesignofpowerdevelopments-single-linediagrams-costestimatesandschedules-mechanicalequipmentselection-electricalequipmentselection-accessoryelectricalequipment-miscellaneouspowerplantequipment(c)DiscussionThetechnicalandeconomicissuesinvolvedintheselecteddesignswillbediscussedtogetherwithrecommendationsforfurtherstudiestobeundertakenpriortoconstruction.Atleastoneofthepowerplantswillincorporateanundergroundcaverninstallation.Theselectionoflocationandgeologicconsiderationsfortheundergroundfacilitieswillbefullydiscussed.Recommendationswillbepresentedforequipmentandconstructioncontractpackagingalternativestobeconsidered.Thereportwillprovidebasicinputtofinaldesignofpowerdevelop-mentstructures,includingstructuralandhydraulicanalyses,geotech-nicalconditionsandhydraulicdesignoftheintake,penstockandtailracefacilities.Thereportwilladdressotherproblemsneedingfurtherinvestigationforthedetaileddesignsuchasgeotechnicaldesign,icejammingconditionsandconstraints,seismicloading,possiblerequirementsforheatingandotherconstructionproblemsinextremeclimaticconditions.(d)ScheduleWeeks110through1205-184 Subtask6.29-WatanaGeneralArrangement(a)ObjectiveTopreparegeneralarrangementdrawingsfortheWatanadevelopmentforinclusionintheFERClicenseapplication.(b)ApproachInthissubtaskthecompletegeneralarrangementoftheWatanadamprojectwillbedeveloped.Thesearrangementswillbebasedonpre-liminarydesignspreparedunderprecedingTask6activitiesforthemajorprojectcomponents,including:-reservoirarea-damandaccessfacilities-spillwaycontrolstructureandaccessfacilities-spillwaydischargefacilities-intakestructureandaccessfacilities-powerplantandaccessfacilities-penstocksandsurgetank(ifrequired)-tailracearrangement-switchyardandtransmissionfacilities-siteaccessandcampfacilitiesThearrangementwillbepreparedintheform'ofreservoiranddamsitearealayoutdrawingsappropriateforinclusionintheFERClicenseapplication.(c)ScheduleWeeks110to1205-185Subtask6.29-WatanaGeneralArrangement(a)ObjectiveTopreparegeneralarrangementdrawingsfortheWatanadevelopmentforinclusionintheFERClicenseapplication.(b)ApproachInthissubtaskthecompletegeneralarrangementoftheWatanadamprojectwillbedeveloped.Thesearrangementswillbebasedonpre-liminarydesignspreparedunderprecedingTask6activitiesforthemajorprojectcomponents,including:-reservoirarea-damandaccessfacilities-spillwaycontrolstructureandaccessfacilities-spillwaydischargefacilities-intakestructureandaccessfacilities-powerplantandaccessfacilities-penstocksandsurgetank(ifrequired)-tailracearrangement-switchyardandtransmissionfacilities-siteaccessandcampfacilitiesThearrangementwillbepreparedintheform'ofreservoiranddamsitearealayoutdrawingsappropriateforinclusionintheFERClicenseapplication.(c)ScheduleWeeks110to1205-185 Subtask6.30-DevilCanyonGeneralArrangement(a)ObjectiveTopreparegeneralarrangementdrawingsfortheDevilCanyondevelopmentforinclusionintheFERClicenseapplication.(b)ApproachInthissubtaskthecompletegeneralarrangementoftheDevilCanyonprojectwillbedeveloped.'ThesearrangementswillbebasedonpreliminarydesignspreparedunderprecedingTask6activitiesforthemajorprojectcomponents,includingthefollowing:-reservoirarea-damandaccessfacilities-'spi11waycontrolstructureandaccessfacilities-spillwaydischargefacilities-intakestructureandaccessfacilities-powerplantandaccessfacilities-penstocksandsurgetank(ifrequired)-tailracearrangement-switchyardandtransmissionfacilities-siteaccessandcampfacilitiesThearrangementwillbepreparedintheformofreservoiranddamsitearealayoutdrawingsappropriateforinclusionintheFERClicenseapplication.(c)Schedu1eWeeks110to1205-186Subtask6.30-DevilCanyonGeneralArrangement(a)ObjectiveTopreparegeneralarrangementdrawingsfortheDevilCanyondevelopmentforinclusionintheFERClicenseapplication.(b)ApproachInthissubtaskthecompletegeneralarrangementoftheDevilCanyonprojectwillbedeveloped.'ThesearrangementswillbebasedonpreliminarydesignspreparedunderprecedingTask6activitiesforthemajorprojectcomponents,includingthefollowing:-reservoirarea-damandaccessfacilities-'spi11waycontrolstructureandaccessfacilities-spillwaydischargefacilities-intakestructureandaccessfacilities-powerplantandaccessfacilities-penstocksandsurgetank(ifrequired)-tailracearrangement-switchyardandtransmissionfacilities-siteaccessandcampfacilitiesThearrangementwillbepreparedintheformofreservoiranddamsitearealayoutdrawingsappropriateforinclusionintheFERClicenseapplication.(c)Schedu1eWeeks110to1205-186 Subtask6.31-ProjectFeasibilityReport(a)ObjectiveTopreparereportdocumentingtheproceduresfollowedintheevalua-tionoffeasibilityoftheSusitnaHydroelectricProject,includingtheresultsoftechnicalandeconomicstudies,conceptualdesigns,preliminaryenvironmentalassessmentsandrecommendationsforthefuturedevelopmentoftheproject.(b)ApproachThisreportwillassembletheresultsanddocumentationfromallworkundertakeninTask6andpertinentaspectsofallothertasks.PreviousreportspreparedunderTask6willbecondensedintoasingledocument,includingThefollowing:Subtask6.05-DevelopmentSelectionReportSubtask6.13-DamSelectionReportSubtask6.19-SpillwaySelectionReportSubtask6.28-PowerDevelopmentReportThefeasibilityreportwillformthebasisoftheFERClicenseapplicationandprovideAlaskaPowerAuthoritywithalltechnicalandeconomicinformationnecessarytodecidewhetherornottoproceed,andhowtoproceedwiththeproject.Specifictopicstobedealtwithinthereportwillincludethefollowing,foreachoftheWatanaandDevilCanyonsites:-Descriptionofproject-Basicprojectdata-Designcriteria-Projectstageddevelopmentconcepts-Damalternatives-ConsiderationofDevilCanyonarchdamdesign-Riverdiversionschemes-Spillwayalternatives-Powerdevelopmentalternatives-Conceptualprojectdesignsanddrawings-Costestimatesandschedules-Transmission-Constructioncontractpackaging-Environmentalconsiderations-Powermarketingstudies-Projectfeasibilityassessments-Recommendationsforprojectdevelopment(c)DiscussionThefeasibilityreportwillbesubmittedforcommentbytheexternalreviewpanelandtheAlaskaPowerAuthoritypriortocompletionandissuetothepublic.ThereportwillformthebasisofcontinueddevelopmentandfinancingoftheSusitnaProjecttomeetthefuturepowerneedsoftheRailbeltRegion.(d)ScheduleWeeks115through125(SeePlateT6.1)5-187Subtask6.31-ProjectFeasibilityReport(a)ObjectiveTopreparereportdocumentingtheproceduresfollowedintheevalua-tionoffeasibilityoftheSusitnaHydroelectricProject,includingtheresultsoftechnicalandeconomicstudies,conceptualdesigns,preliminaryenvironmentalassessmentsandrecommendationsforthefuturedevelopmentoftheproject.(b)ApproachThisreportwillassembletheresultsanddocumentationfromallworkundertakeninTask6andpertinentaspectsofallothertasks.PreviousreportspreparedunderTask6willbecondensedintoasingledocument,includingThefollowing:Subtask6.05-DevelopmentSelectionReportSubtask6.13-DamSelectionReportSubtask6.19-SpillwaySelectionReportSubtask6.28-PowerDevelopmentReportThefeasibilityreportwillformthebasisoftheFERClicenseapplicationandprovideAlaskaPowerAuthoritywithalltechnicalandeconomicinformationnecessarytodecidewhetherornottoproceed,andhowtoproceedwiththeproject.Specifictopicstobedealtwithinthereportwillincludethefollowing,foreachoftheWatanaandDevilCanyonsites:-Descriptionofproject-Basicprojectdata-Designcriteria-Projectstageddevelopmentconcepts-Damalternatives-ConsiderationofDevilCanyonarchdamdesign-Riverdiversionschemes-Spillwayalternatives-Powerdevelopmentalternatives-Conceptualprojectdesignsanddrawings-Costestimatesandschedules-Transmission-Constructioncontractpackaging-Environmentalconsiderations-Powermarketingstudies-Projectfeasibilityassessments-Recommendationsforprojectdevelopment(c)DiscussionThefeasibilityreportwillbesubmittedforcommentbytheexternalreviewpanelandtheAlaskaPowerAuthoritypriortocompletionandissuetothepublic.ThereportwillformthebasisofcontinueddevelopmentandfinancingoftheSusitnaProjecttomeetthefuturepowerneedsoftheRailbeltRegion.(d)ScheduleWeeks115through125(SeePlateT6.1)5-187 5-1885-188 TASKS3TASK38 9INPUTINPUTTASKS4TASK2TASK285INPUTINPUTINPUT-CREVIEWEVALUATEWATANA!DEVILWATANAWATANAPREVIOUSALTERNATIVECANYONSTAGEDSPILLWAYDIVERSIONSTUDIES,JSUSITNA-DEVELOPMENTALTERNATIVESSCHEMES6.0025T40DEV.ELOPMENTSALTERNATIVES6.15801956.21IS5I956,03I40606.06160I75OPTIMIZEINVESTIGATE--=PRELIMINARYWATANATUNNELWATANADAM"-I IPOWERALTERNATIVESI(ALTERNATIVES,/DEVELOPMENT60230150,J6.07160I75623901110SPILLWAY4DESIGNTASK2CRITERIAINPUTL6.147080OPTIMIZEDEVILCANYONPRELIMINARYACCESSDEVILCANYONARCHDAMDEVILCANYONf---..8CAMPr"POWER]---EVALUATIONOAMFACILITIESDEVELOPMENT6,0445165ALTERNATIVES620170Iso6.24I90lHO6.oSI60I75DEVILCANYONDEVILCANYON"SPILLWAYDIVERSIONALTERNATlVES~"SCHEMES.~61685956.22IS595rI[ESTASLISHL...PRELIMINARYTASKS2,4WATANADESIGN85INPUTDESIGNWATANADAMf-,/CRITERIA6.11185IliDI116.091SO195IPRELIMINARY"DESIGNWATANASPILLWAY617I95115OPTIMIZEDAMHEIGHTS625105115WATANAGENERALARRANGEMENT6.2911101120PRELIMINARYDESIGNWATANAPOWERI---)-----~DEVELOPEMENT626951115INPUTTOTASK10ESTABLISHPRELIMINARYDEVILCANYONI__-'====1DESIGNL..+-..-jDESIGNI-DEVILCANYONCRITERIADAM610ISOI95~6::':::2'-r:-8::-5-r:1'''10:1I(DEVILCANYONGENERALARRANGEMENT6.301101120PRELIMINARYDESIGNDEVILCANYONPOWER~_DEVELOPEMENT6,27I951115t6.18I951115PRELIMINARYDESIGNDEVILCANYON~SPILLWAY(LEGENDDEVELOPMENTSELECTION'-REPORT6.05I501651DAMSELECTIONREPORT6.13I1001liSSPILLWAYSELECTIONREPORT6.1911101120POWERDEVELOPMENT'--."f-:::RE:;::P;.ORrT::::-r::::-I6.2S11101201PROJECTFEASIBILITYREPORT63111151125INPUTTOTASKS7,S89\ \'''--COMPLETIONWEEK\"---STARTWEEK'----SUBTASKNO.INPUTTOTASKS7,S,9,11SUSITNAHYDROELECTRICPROJECTPLANOFSTUDYPLATET6.1:TASK6SCHEDULE5-189/5-190TASKS3TASK38 9INPUTINPUTTASKS4TASK2TASK285INPUTINPUTINPUT-CREVIEWEVALUATEWATANA!DEVILWATANAWATANAPREVIOUSALTERNATIVECANYONSTAGEDSPILLWAYDIVERSIONSTUDIES,JSUSITNA-DEVELOPMENTALTERNATIVESSCHEMES6.0025T40DEV.ELOPMENTSALTERNATIVES6.15801956.21IS5I956,03I40606.06160I75OPTIMIZEINVESTIGATE--=PRELIMINARYWATANATUNNELWATANADAM"-I IPOWERALTERNATIVESI(ALTERNATIVES,/DEVELOPMENT60230150,J6.07160I75623901110SPILLWAY4DESIGNTASK2CRITERIAINPUTL6.147080OPTIMIZEDEVILCANYONPRELIMINARYACCESSDEVILCANYONARCHDAMDEVILCANYONf---..8CAMPr"POWER]---EVALUATIONOAMFACILITIESDEVELOPMENT6,0445165ALTERNATIVES620170Iso6.24I90lHO6.oSI60I75DEVILCANYONDEVILCANYON"SPILLWAYDIVERSIONALTERNATlVES~"SCHEMES.~61685956.22IS595rI[ESTASLISHL...PRELIMINARYTASKS2,4WATANADESIGN85INPUTDESIGNWATANADAMf-,/CRITERIA6.11185IliDI116.091SO195IPRELIMINARY"DESIGNWATANASPILLWAY617I95115OPTIMIZEDAMHEIGHTS625105115WATANAGENERALARRANGEMENT6.2911101120PRELIMINARYDESIGNWATANAPOWERI---)-----~DEVELOPEMENT626951115INPUTTOTASK10ESTABLISHPRELIMINARYDEVILCANYONI__-'====1DESIGNL..+-..-jDESIGNI-DEVILCANYONCRITERIADAM610ISOI95~6::':::2'-r:-8::-5-r:1'''10:1I(DEVILCANYONGENERALARRANGEMENT6.301101120PRELIMINARYDESIGNDEVILCANYONPOWER~_DEVELOPEMENT6,27I951115t6.18I951115PRELIMINARYDESIGNDEVILCANYON~SPILLWAY(LEGENDDEVELOPMENTSELECTION'-REPORT6.05I501651DAMSELECTIONREPORT6.13I1001liSSPILLWAYSELECTIONREPORT6.1911101120POWERDEVELOPMENT'--."f-:::RE:;::P;.ORrT::::-r::::-I6.2S11101201PROJECTFEASIBILITYREPORT63111151125INPUTTOTASKS7,S89\ \'''--COMPLETIONWEEK\"---STARTWEEK'----SUBTASKNO.INPUTTOTASKS7,S,9,11SUSITNAHYDROELECTRICPROJECTPLANOFSTUDYPLATET6.1:TASK6SCHEDULE5-189/5-190 DAM----.,..,.----./--//-r----_40'~O·OIA"""'/IAOlT-------,-__+~~POWERCONDUiT.........//..tTUNNELI---__I~VERT[L17700YNo.4AADIT---"'t-_/'TUNNEL\__.......No.3\-~_//\-----/~SUs/rNARIVER\ADIT-----/~\TUNNEL-.....1ADIT:::--'''11No.2,AOIT,ruNNa\T~Na..INO.5YADIT.........-\NO,I/ITUNNEL/ \/{No5"r.,1t,+-.,-<'\II;'>------~-----......../'1~SURGETANKII/40'..0·OIA./'"l,1"//POWERCONDUIT"~.•/AOIT//'\.if\POWERHOUSE/WATANADAMTUNNEL/'\..~/4-350MWUNITSINTAKE/I'=No.6/"-STRUCTURE,....-...."~--'DIVERSIONlliVERTEL111430------'"V',\\//'\...J.AD1T\/"\TUNNEL\.Til'EL8870;:=!// \,./\No.41?)~::=::~,;=<:§;:;::""'?INTAKE/ \,<;£~~/ei//\\~\~~.~:NEL\~~~EL'X?~STRUCTURE\,'"'~~'1,__//"~<>(,"\------f\"tr::''-,.-c:.J..--SURGETANK\(--.1.-=:.::,,__-----.....\....-------\~(__-£l2!S60~)-._---------_.....J...._____--1\J_----~-40'-0"DlA.-.;7"----------___.......:--+--.,.'7•..POWERCONDUIT---::-.~ADlTc!:JINVERTEl16630'.~~~:ELl~;;PLANoMILESUNDERGROUNDPOWERHOUSEL-TAILRACETUNNELINTAKESTRUCTURESURGE-rS~T::E--'O~=""'''''''===''''''=====,==:::::::::~;w;;w~;:;:======:::=::=::::::=:::;::::==:::;;:;:;;;;;;===========:::::=============="",,:::=====;:=;,;;:;;,::lS~::::;:i~~~'~W~'~';;:"~';;O_-~;:E\LOISTRIBUTOR...c_!k91;\10•INTAKECHANNEL40'~0"DIA.'to.INVERTEL.1890.0CONCRETELINEDPOWERTUNNEL~JOWOO~1000:!:o~PROFILEALONGCENTERLINEOFPOWERTUNNELzSURGESHAFTTRANSFORMERGALLERYausSHAFT"SUSITNAHYDROELECTRICPROJECTo4060=POWERHOUSE~VALVECHAMBERPOWERHOUSECOMPLEXSECTIONPLATET6.2:ALTERNATIVETUNNELSCHEMESQ-8150CFSV:25FT/STAILRACESECTIONHORIZONTALPENSTOCKSECTIONQ~16300CFSV-20FT/S"INCLINEDPENSTOCKSECTIONoFEETv··m'·'',,---Q.4150CFS.~L.......v~7FT/S'3·_I·-L..L.-L:"13~IH~.DRAFTTUBESECTIONQ :75CFSv :27,72FT/SMilES0-16300CFSV-12,97HIS~OR~~~POWERTUNNELSECTIONSTEELLINEDPENSTOCKSECTIONGATESHAFT3O~0·DIA.PLANoINTAKESECTIONIIINTAKECHANNEL40'-0"DlA.TRASHRACKS'C::"",_"""",~~t"".....L>ZCOLr-r:;",--"'"""'i~oIorm...,.FEETMAXIUSEN'o'OINa?2000'.El'690.0'5-191/5-192DAM----.,..,.----./--//-r----_40'~O·OIA"""'/IAOlT-------,-__+~~POWERCONDUiT.........//..tTUNNELI---__I~VERT[L17700YNo.4AADIT---"'t-_/'TUNNEL\__.......No.3\-~_//\-----/~SUs/rNARIVER\ADIT-----/~\TUNNEL-.....1ADIT:::--'''11No.2,AOIT,ruNNa\T~Na..INO.5YADIT.........-\NO,I/ITUNNEL/\/{No5"r.,1t,+-.,-<'\II;'>------~-----......../'1~SURGETANKII/40'..0·OIA./'"l,1"//POWERCONDUIT"~.•/AOIT//'\.if\POWERHOUSE/WATANADAMTUNNEL/'\..~/4-350MWUNITSINTAKE/I'=No.6/"-STRUCTURE,....-...."~--'DIVERSIONlliVERTEL111430------'"V',\\//'\...J.AD1T\/"\TUNNEL\.Til'EL8870;:=!//\,./\No.41?)~::=::~,;=<:§;:;::""'?INTAKE/ \,<;£~~/ei//\\~\~~.~:NEL\~~~EL'X?~STRUCTURE\,'"'~~'1,__//"~<>(,"\------f\"tr::''-,.-c:.J..--SURGETANK\(--.1.-=:.::,,__-----.....\....-------\~(__-£l2!S60~)-._---------_.....J...._____--1\J_----~-40'-0"DlA.-.;7"----------___.......:--+--.,.'7•..POWERCONDUIT---::-.~ADlTc!:JINVERTEl16630'.~~~:ELl~;;PLANoMILESUNDERGROUNDPOWERHOUSEL-TAILRACETUNNELINTAKESTRUCTURESURGE-rS~T::E--'O~=""'''''''===''''''=====,==:::::::::~;w;;w~;:;:======:::=::=::::::=:::;::::==:::;;:;:;;;;;;===========:::::=============="",,:::=====;:=;,;;:;;,::lS~::::;:i~~~'~W~'~';;:"~';;O_-~;:E\LOISTRIBUTOR...c_!k91;\10•INTAKECHANNEL40'~0"DIA.'to.INVERTEL.1890.0CONCRETELINEDPOWERTUNNEL~JOWOO~1000:!:o~PROFILEALONGCENTERLINEOFPOWERTUNNELzSURGESHAFTTRANSFORMERGALLERYausSHAFT"SUSITNAHYDROELECTRICPROJECTo4060=POWERHOUSE~VALVECHAMBERPOWERHOUSECOMPLEXSECTIONPLATET6.2:ALTERNATIVETUNNELSCHEMESQ-8150CFSV:25FT/STAILRACESECTIONHORIZONTALPENSTOCKSECTIONQ~16300CFSV-20FT/S"INCLINEDPENSTOCKSECTIONoFEETv··m'·'',,---Q.4150CFS.~L.......v~7FT/S'3·_I·-L..L.-L:"13~IH~.DRAFTTUBESECTIONQ:75CFSv:27,72FT/SMilES0-16300CFSV-12,97HIS~OR~~~POWERTUNNELSECTIONSTEELLINEDPENSTOCKSECTIONGATESHAFT3O~0·DIA.PLANoINTAKESECTIONIIINTAKECHANNEL40'-0"DlA.TRASHRACKS'C::"",_"""",~~t"".....L>ZCOLr-r:;",--"'"""'i~oIorm...,.FEETMAXIUSEN'o'OINa?2000'.El'690.0'5-191/5-192 A.5.B-TASK7:ENVIRONMENTALSTUDIES(i)TaskObjectivesTheenvironmentalprogramisdesignedtoevaluateprimarilytheSusitnaHydroelectricProjectandassociatedfacilities,withrespecttoenvironmentalimpacts.Toaccomplishthis,acomprehensiveprogramofstudieshasbeendevelopedinthefollowingdisciplines:socioeconomics,archaeologicalandhistoricalresources,geology,landuseandrecreation,waterresources,fishecology,wildlifeecologyandplantecology.Accessroads,sitefacilitiesandtransmissioncorridorswillalsobestudiedforenvironmental'compatibility.Theoverallobjectiveoftheenvironmentalstudiesistodescribetheexistingenvironmentalconditions,evaluatealternativesinlightoftheexistingconditionsand,fortheselectedalternatives,predictfutureconditionswithandwithouttheproposedprojectsothatchanges(impacts)causedbytheprojectmaybeassessed.Toaccomplishthisoverallobjective,thefollowingactivitieswillbecompletedbytheenvironmentalstudyteam:(a)Assistthedesignteaminselectingthebestalternativesforpowergeneration,accessroadandsitefacilitylocationsandpowertransmissioncorridorbasedontheenvironmentalimpactoftheproposedfacility.(b)PreparetheexhibitsrequiredtosupporttheFERClicenseapplication.(c)Respondtointervenors'petitions,inquiriesfromlocal,stateandFederalagencies,andpUblicparticipantsattherequestofAPA.(d)AssistAPAinobtainingWaterQualityCertification.(e)RespondtootherenvironmentalneedsofAPAortheprojectengineerngteamastheyoccurthroughoutthestudy.(f)SuperviseandcoordinateboththefieldandofficeactivitiesofalltheenvironmentalconsultantsincludingliaisonwithADF&GasauthorizedbyAPA.(g)Monitorallfieldactivitiesforenvironmentalacceptability.DuringpreparationoftheFERClicenseapplication,intensivebaselineandimpact-relatedinvestigationswillbeperformedwiththeworkprogressingfromgeneraltospecificinatimelymannerastheprojectdefinitionisdeveloped.Becauseofthemagnitudeoftheproposedaction,thelifecycleofsomeoftheresourcestobestudiedandthetimerequiredtoevaluatealternativesanddevelopdesignspecifications,environmentalstudieswillberequiredbeyondthetimeoflicenseapplication.Thus,oneobjectiveoftheearlystudiesistoinitiatebaselinestudiesandtodevelopdetailedplansofstudyforthefurtherenvironmentalimpactanalysisthat5-193A.5.B-TASK7:ENVIRONMENTALSTUDIES(i)TaskObjectivesTheenvironmentalprogramisdesignedtoevaluateprimarilytheSusitnaHydroelectricProjectandassociatedfacilities,withrespecttoenvironmentalimpacts.Toaccomplishthis,acomprehensiveprogramofstudieshasbeendevelopedinthefollowingdisciplines:socioeconomics,archaeologicalandhistoricalresources,geology,landuseandrecreation,waterresources,fishecology,wildlifeecologyandplantecology.Accessroads,sitefacilitiesandtransmissioncorridorswillalsobestudiedforenvironmental'compatibility.Theoverallobjectiveoftheenvironmentalstudiesistodescribetheexistingenvironmentalconditions,evaluatealternativesinlightoftheexistingconditionsand,fortheselectedalternatives,predictfutureconditionswithandwithouttheproposedprojectsothatchanges(impacts)causedbytheprojectmaybeassessed.Toaccomplishthisoverallobjective,thefollowingactivitieswillbecompletedbytheenvironmentalstudyteam:(a)Assistthedesignteaminselectingthebestalternativesforpowergeneration,accessroadandsitefacilitylocationsandpowertransmissioncorridorbasedontheenvironmentalimpactoftheproposedfacility.(b)PreparetheexhibitsrequiredtosupporttheFERClicenseapplication.(c)Respondtointervenors'petitions,inquiriesfromlocal,stateandFederalagencies,andpUblicparticipantsattherequestofAPA.(d)AssistAPAinobtainingWaterQualityCertification.(e)RespondtootherenvironmentalneedsofAPAortheprojectengineerngteamastheyoccurthroughoutthestudy.(f)SuperviseandcoordinateboththefieldandofficeactivitiesofalltheenvironmentalconsultantsincludingliaisonwithADF&GasauthorizedbyAPA.(g)Monitorallfieldactivitiesforenvironmentalacceptability.DuringpreparationoftheFERClicenseapplication,intensivebaselineandimpact-relatedinvestigationswillbeperformedwiththeworkprogressingfromgeneraltospecificinatimelymannerastheprojectdefinitionisdeveloped.Becauseofthemagnitudeoftheproposedaction,thelifecycleofsomeoftheresourcestobestudiedandthetimerequiredtoevaluatealternativesanddevelopdesignspecifications,environmentalstudieswillberequiredbeyondthetimeoflicenseapplication.Thus,oneobjectiveoftheearlystudiesistoinitiatebaselinestudiesandtodevelopdetailedplansofstudyforthefurtherenvironmentalimpactanalysisthat5-193 willbecompletedafterthelicenseapplicationsubmission,butpriortoafinalFERCdecisiononthelicenseapplication.Thisapproachwillallowforarefinementoftheenvironmentalprogramatapproximatelythemidpointofitsduration.Itwillalsominimizeunproductiveexpendituresintheeventthattheprojectisdeterminedtobeinfeasibleoranewschemeisproposedastheprimaryalternative.Forthepurposesoftheenvironmentalplanofstudy,atwo-damscheme(WatanaandDevilCanyon)intheUpperSusitnaBasinwasassumedtobethebestalternative,andstudieswillcommenceaccordingly.Ifadifferentschemeisselectedastheprimaryalternative,theprogramwillneedtoberestructuredandcostsandscheduleadjustedaccordingly.(ii)TaskOutputTheAlaskaPowerAuthoritywillbeprovidedwithquarterlyprogressreportsdescribinginsummarytheactivities,results,andconclusionsofthestudiesinprogressortobeperformed.Annualreportsdescribingindetailtheresultsandconclusionswillbeprepared.Theannualreportswillbeusedtopreparetheenvironmentalexhibit(ExhibitE)fortheFERClicenseapplication.Thepre-licenseapplicationprogramisbaseduponanunderstandingthattheforthcomingrevisionofFERCrequirements(forExhibitE)willdemandlessintensiveenvironmentalanalysisatthelicenseapplicationstagethandotheexistingrequirementsforExhibitsW,R,S,andV.Subsequentstudyoutputswillincludewrittentestimonyandresponsestointerrogatories.Oraltestimonyatpublichearingswillbeprovidedasrequired.Theresultsofthestudiescompletedafterlicenseapplicationsubmission,includingrefinementoftheimpactanalysis,aretobepresentedintwoannualsupplementaryenvironmentalreportsforsubmissiontoFERC.AttherequestoftheAPA,environmentaldocumentsnecessarytoobtainapprovalofanEIS,WaterQualityCertificationsorotherrequiredpermitswillbeprepared.(iii)ListofSubtasksSubtask7.01-CoordinationofEnvironmentalStudiesSubtask7.02-MonitoringofFieldActivitiesforEnvironmentalAcceptabi1itySubtask7.03-EvaluationofAlternativesSubtask7.04-WaterResources(Quality)AnalysisSubtask7.05-SocioeconomicAnalysisSubtask7.06-CulturalResourceInvestigationSubtask7.07-LandUseAnalysisSubtask7.08-RecreationPlanningSubtask7.09-SusitnaTransmissionCorridorAssessmentSubtask7.10-FishEcologyStudiesSubtask7.11-WildlifeEcologyStudiesSubtask7.12-PlantEcologyStudiesSubtask7.13-GeologicalAnalysisSubtask7.14-AccessRoadEnvironmentalAnalysisSubtask7.15-PreparationofFERCLicenseApplicationExhibit5-194willbecompletedafterthelicenseapplicationsubmission,butpriortoafinalFERCdecisiononthelicenseapplication.Thisapproachwillallowforarefinementoftheenvironmentalprogramatapproximatelythemidpointofitsduration.Itwillalsominimizeunproductiveexpendituresintheeventthattheprojectisdeterminedtobeinfeasibleoranewschemeisproposedastheprimaryalternative.Forthepurposesoftheenvironmentalplanofstudy,atwo-damscheme(WatanaandDevilCanyon)intheUpperSusitnaBasinwasassumedtobethebestalternative,andstudieswillcommenceaccordingly.Ifadifferentschemeisselectedastheprimaryalternative,theprogramwillneedtoberestructuredandcostsandscheduleadjustedaccordingly.(ii)TaskOutputTheAlaskaPowerAuthoritywillbeprovidedwithquarterlyprogressreportsdescribinginsummarytheactivities,results,andconclusionsofthestudiesinprogressortobeperformed.Annualreportsdescribingindetailtheresultsandconclusionswillbeprepared.Theannualreportswillbeusedtopreparetheenvironmentalexhibit(ExhibitE)fortheFERClicenseapplication.Thepre-licenseapplicationprogramisbaseduponanunderstandingthattheforthcomingrevisionofFERCrequirements(forExhibitE)willdemandlessintensiveenvironmentalanalysisatthelicenseapplicationstagethandotheexistingrequirementsforExhibitsW,R,S,andV.Subsequentstudyoutputswillincludewrittentestimonyandresponsestointerrogatories.Oraltestimonyatpublichearingswillbeprovidedasrequired.Theresultsofthestudiescompletedafterlicenseapplicationsubmission,includingrefinementoftheimpactanalysis,aretobepresentedintwoannualsupplementaryenvironmentalreportsforsubmissiontoFERC.AttherequestoftheAPA,environmentaldocumentsnecessarytoobtainapprovalofanEIS,WaterQualityCertificationsorotherrequiredpermitswillbeprepared.(iii)ListofSubtasksSubtask7.01-CoordinationofEnvironmentalStudiesSubtask7.02-MonitoringofFieldActivitiesforEnvironmentalAcceptabi1itySubtask7.03-EvaluationofAlternativesSubtask7.04-WaterResources(Quality)AnalysisSubtask7.05-SocioeconomicAnalysisSubtask7.06-CulturalResourceInvestigationSubtask7.07-LandUseAnalysisSubtask7.08-RecreationPlanningSubtask7.09-SusitnaTransmissionCorridorAssessmentSubtask7.10-FishEcologyStudiesSubtask7.11-WildlifeEcologyStudiesSubtask7.12-PlantEcologyStudiesSubtask7.13-GeologicalAnalysisSubtask7.14-AccessRoadEnvironmentalAnalysisSubtask7.15-PreparationofFERCLicenseApplicationExhibit5-194 (iv)SubtaskScopeStatementsTheprimaryobjectiveofTask7isdescribedinSectionA.5.8(i).ThesubtasksrequiredtorespondtothisobjectivearedividedintoactivitiesundertakenpriortosubmissionoftheFERClicenseapplication,Subtasks7.1through7.15,andthoseactivitiesonwhichcontinuingworkistobeperformedaftersubmissionoftheFERClicenseapplication,asdescribedinSectionA6.Subtasks7.1through7.14maybefurthersubdividedinto:(a)Managementandmonitoringfunctionsthatcontinuethroughouttheproject,Subtasks7.1and7.2.(b)Thoseactivitiesinitiatedandcompletedpriortolicenseapplicationsubmission,Subtasks7.3,7.4,7.13and7.14.(c)Thoseactivitiesforwhichbaselinestudiesarelargelycompletedandsubstantialimpactanalysesareinitiatedduringthepreparationofthelicenseapplication,Subtasks7.5through7.9.ThesesubtasksarethencompletedafterthelicenseapplicationissubmittedtoFERC.(d)Theecologicalstudiesthatrequireextensive,long-termfieldprograms,andthatareplannedandinitiatedduringtheearlystagesoftheproject,Subtasks7.10to7.12.Duringthisearlytimeperiod,theprimaryeffortisdirectedtowarddatacollectionandcompilationwithlittledetailedanalysisbeingundertaken.Thedata-collectioniscontinuedafterthelicenseapplicationissubmitteduntilthefourorfiveyearsofdatarequiredtoformanadequatebaseisaccumulated.Anintensivedataanalysisandimpactassessmentisthencompleted.Sufficientdataanalysiswilltakeplaceduringtheearlytimeperiodtoguideandfollow-upbaselinestudiesandensurethatnogapsexistinthedatabasebeingcompiled.Ifanydeficienciesinanoriginalprogramplanaredetected,theanalysisperformedduringtheearlytimeperiodwillbeusedtomodifytheplanandredirecttheemphasisofthefieldstudiesasrequired.Subtask7.15istheculminationoftheearlyactivities,i.e.,preparationofExhibitEofthelicenseapplication.Thefollowingdiscussionsaresummariesoftheworktobecompletedduringeachoftheenvironmentalsubtasks.Moredetaileddescriptionsofthepre-licenseapplicationscopeofworkforsomeofthemorecomplexenvironmentalstudies(Subtasks7.05,7.06,7.07, 7.08,7.10,7.11and7.12)arealsopresented.AdetaileddescriptionofthefishandwildlifestudiestobeperformedbytheAlaskaDepartmentofFishandGametocomplementSubtasks7.10and7.11isincludedintheappropriatesubtaskdescription.5-195(iv)SubtaskScopeStatementsTheprimaryobjectiveofTask7isdescribedinSectionA.5.8(i).ThesubtasksrequiredtorespondtothisobjectivearedividedintoactivitiesundertakenpriortosubmissionoftheFERClicenseapplication,Subtasks7.1through7.15,andthoseactivitiesonwhichcontinuingworkistobeperformedaftersubmissionoftheFERClicenseapplication,asdescribedinSectionA6.Subtasks7.1through7.14maybefurthersubdividedinto:(a)Managementandmonitoringfunctionsthatcontinuethroughouttheproject,Subtasks7.1and7.2.(b)Thoseactivitiesinitiatedandcompletedpriortolicenseapplicationsubmission,Subtasks7.3,7.4,7.13and7.14.(c)Thoseactivitiesforwhichbaselinestudiesarelargelycompletedandsubstantialimpactanalysesareinitiatedduringthepreparationofthelicenseapplication,Subtasks7.5through7.9.ThesesubtasksarethencompletedafterthelicenseapplicationissubmittedtoFERC.(d)Theecologicalstudiesthatrequireextensive,long-termfieldprograms,andthatareplannedandinitiatedduringtheearlystagesoftheproject,Subtasks7.10to7.12.Duringthisearlytimeperiod,theprimaryeffortisdirectedtowarddatacollectionandcompilationwithlittledetailedanalysisbeingundertaken.Thedata-collectioniscontinuedafterthelicenseapplicationissubmitteduntilthefourorfiveyearsofdatarequiredtoformanadequatebaseisaccumulated.Anintensivedataanalysisandimpactassessmentisthencompleted.Sufficientdataanalysiswilltakeplaceduringtheearlytimeperiodtoguideandfollow-upbaselinestudiesandensurethatnogapsexistinthedatabasebeingcompiled.Ifanydeficienciesinanoriginalprogramplanaredetected,theanalysisperformedduringtheearlytimeperiodwillbeusedtomodifytheplanandredirecttheemphasisofthefieldstudiesasrequired.Subtask7.15istheculminationoftheearlyactivities,i.e.,preparationofExhibitEofthelicenseapplication.Thefollowingdiscussionsaresummariesoftheworktobecompletedduringeachoftheenvironmentalsubtasks.Moredetaileddescriptionsofthepre-licenseapplicationscopeofworkforsomeofthemorecomplexenvironmentalstudies(Subtasks7.05,7.06,7.07, 7.08,7.10,7.11and7.12)arealsopresented.AdetaileddescriptionofthefishandwildlifestudiestobeperformedbytheAlaskaDepartmentofFishandGametocomplementSubtasks7.10and7.11isincludedintheappropriatesubtaskdescription.5-195 Subtask7.01-CoordinationofEnvironmentalStudies(a)ObjectiveTheobjectivesofthissubtaskare:(1)toensurethatallenvironmentalPlansofStudyareexecutedinacoordinated,controlledmannerinaccordancebothwiththescopesofworkandcomplianceschedules;(2)tocoordinatetheimplementationofalldiscipline-specificenvironmentalPlansofStudy;(3)tomaximizestudyeffortandefficiencythroughorganizedinter-disciplinecoordinationinaccordancewiththesubtaskresponsibilitystatements;(4)toensurethatallprojecteffortsarenon-duplicativeandcost-effective;and(5)toprovidetheAlaskaPowerAuthorityandthird-partyinterestswithaframeworkforcommunicationonallenvironmentalmatters.(b)ApproachDr.JohnW.Hayden,EnvironmentalDivisionManagerofAcres,andMr.JefferyO.Barnes,PresidentofTerrestrialEnvironmentalSpecialistswillprovidemanagementforallenvironmentalstudiesconductedfortheSusitnaProject.Mr.Barneswillberesponsibleforobtainingtheservicesofqualifiedsubcontractorstoperformthediscipline-specifictasksnecessaryforthelicensingoftheproject.Astheprimecontractor,AcresissolelyresponsibletoAPAforthecost,scheduleandqualityofallwork,thus,subcontractagreementbetweenTESandtheirsubcontractorsshallbesubmittedtoAcres'ProjectManagerforfinalreviewandapproval.TESwillprovidetheday-to-daytechnicalguidanceofandcoordinationamongtheirsubcontractorstoensuretheircompliancewithbothtimeschedulesandcostestimatesandtoassuretechnicalsatisfactionoflicensingrequirements.ApreliminaryenvironmentalstudiesscheduleappearsinthisPlanofStudy.Adetailedscheduleofallenvironmentalactivitieswillbedevelopedearlyinthestudyprogram.ThefinalschedulewillbecoordinatedwiththeengineeringstudiestoensuretimelyinputfromTasks1,2,3,5,8and12.Theenvironmentalstudiesschedulewillidentifythetaskstobeaccomplished,thelengthoftimeallocatedforsubtaskaccomplishmentandprojectmilestones.ThefinalschedulewillbesubmittedthroughAcres'ProjectManagertoAPAforreview,commentandapproval.QualitycontrolprocedurespreviouslyutilizedbyAcresandTESwill.beimplementedtoensuretheuniformityandaccuracyofdata5-196Subtask7.01-CoordinationofEnvironmentalStudies(a)ObjectiveTheobjectivesofthissubtaskare:(1)toensurethatallenvironmentalPlansofStudyareexecutedinacoordinated,controlledmannerinaccordancebothwiththescopesofworkandcomplianceschedules;(2)tocoordinatetheimplementationofalldiscipline-specificenvironmentalPlansofStudy;(3)tomaximizestudyeffortandefficiencythroughorganizedinter-disciplinecoordinationinaccordancewiththesubtaskresponsibilitystatements;(4)toensurethatallprojecteffortsarenon-duplicativeandcost-effective;and(5)toprovidetheAlaskaPowerAuthorityandthird-partyinterestswithaframeworkforcommunicationonallenvironmentalmatters.(b)ApproachDr.JohnW.Hayden,EnvironmentalDivisionManagerofAcres,andMr.JefferyO.Barnes,PresidentofTerrestrialEnvironmentalSpecialistswillprovidemanagementforallenvironmentalstudiesconductedfortheSusitnaProject.Mr.Barneswillberesponsibleforobtainingtheservicesofqualifiedsubcontractorstoperformthediscipline-specifictasksnecessaryforthelicensingoftheproject.Astheprimecontractor,AcresissolelyresponsibletoAPAforthecost,scheduleandqualityofallwork,thus,subcontractagreementbetweenTESandtheirsubcontractorsshallbesubmittedtoAcres'ProjectManagerforfinalreviewandapproval.TESwillprovidetheday-to-daytechnicalguidanceofandcoordinationamongtheirsubcontractorstoensuretheircompliancewithbothtimeschedulesandcostestimatesandtoassuretechnicalsatisfactionoflicensingrequirements.ApreliminaryenvironmentalstudiesscheduleappearsinthisPlanofStudy.Adetailedscheduleofallenvironmentalactivitieswillbedevelopedearlyinthestudyprogram.ThefinalschedulewillbecoordinatedwiththeengineeringstudiestoensuretimelyinputfromTasks1,2,3,5,8and12.Theenvironmentalstudiesschedulewillidentifythetaskstobeaccomplished,thelengthoftimeallocatedforsubtaskaccomplishmentandprojectmilestones.ThefinalschedulewillbesubmittedthroughAcres'ProjectManagertoAPAforreview,commentandapproval.QualitycontrolprocedurespreviouslyutilizedbyAcresandTESwill.beimplementedtoensuretheuniformityandaccuracyofdata5-196 collectedinsupportoftheenvironmentalprograms.Theseprocedureswi11beestablishedandputintoeffectattheoutsetofthestudyandwillberigorouslyfollowedthroughoutthecourseofstudy.Thedivisionofresponsibilitiesfortheaccomplishmentofsubtaskobjectiveswillalsobeclearlydefinedatprojectinitiation.Technical,inter-andintra-disciplinemeetingswillbeheldonaregularbasisthroughoutthestudyefforttofacilitateunderstandingofsubtaskduties.Meetingsforthepurposeofkeepingengineeringpersonnel,theAPA,andthirdpartyinterestgroupsabreastofenvironmentalstudyactivitiesandfindingswillalsobeheldonaregularlyscheduledbasis.(c)DiscussionManagementandadministrationoftheenvironmentalstudieswillbeaccomplishedthroughtheformulationofathree-tieredmanagementpyramidwiththethird(orlowestlevel)beingtheworkinglevel.AtthetopwillbetheEnvironmentalStudyManagers(ESM)consistingofDr.HaydenandMr.Barnes.NextincommandwillbetheEnvironmentalStudyDirectors(EPD)consistingofthePrincipalDirector,Dr.VincentJ.Lucid,DirectorofEnvironmentalStudiesforTESandtheDeputyDirector,Ms.CathieBaumgartner,VicePresidentofTES.BeneaththemappeartheGroupLeadersfortheenvironmentaldisciplinesand/orthePrincipalInvestigators.AdministrationofenvironmentalstudieswillbehandledbytheEnvironmentalStudyManagers.TheywillberesponsibleforensuringthesuccessfulcompletionandapplicabilityofthatportionoftheFERCapplicationpertainingtoenvironmentalmatters.Theywillhavethefollowingdutiesandresponsibilities:(1)Ensurethefulfillmentofcontractrequirements,(2)Ensurecoordinationwithalltechnicalaspectsoftheoverallstudy,(3)Conductliaisonwithregulatoryagenciesandinterestedthirdparties,(4)Recommendapproval/disapprovalonallprojectcostand/orworkscopechangestoAcresProjectManager,(5)Keepthefo11owingpersonnelandagenciesinformedofpertinentdecisionand/orenvironmentalactivities:-ProjectManager,Acres-AppropriateEngineeringGroupLeaders-Local,stateandfederalagencies,asdesignatedbyAcresProjectManagers,(includingAPA,ADF&G,USFWS,BLM,ADNR,Corpsandothers).5-197collectedinsupportoftheenvironmentalprograms.Theseprocedureswi11beestablishedandputintoeffectattheoutsetofthestudyandwillberigorouslyfollowedthroughoutthecourseofstudy.Thedivisionofresponsibilitiesfortheaccomplishmentofsubtaskobjectiveswillalsobeclearlydefinedatprojectinitiation.Technical,inter-andintra-disciplinemeetingswillbeheldonaregularbasisthroughoutthestudyefforttofacilitateunderstandingofsubtaskduties.Meetingsforthepurposeofkeepingengineeringpersonnel,theAPA,andthirdpartyinterestgroupsabreastofenvironmentalstudyactivitiesandfindingswillalsobeheldonaregularlyscheduledbasis.(c)DiscussionManagementandadministrationoftheenvironmentalstudieswillbeaccomplishedthroughtheformulationofathree-tieredmanagementpyramidwiththethird(orlowestlevel)beingtheworkinglevel.AtthetopwillbetheEnvironmentalStudyManagers(ESM)consistingofDr.HaydenandMr.Barnes.NextincommandwillbetheEnvironmentalStudyDirectors(EPD)consistingofthePrincipalDirector,Dr.VincentJ.Lucid,DirectorofEnvironmentalStudiesforTESandtheDeputyDirector,Ms.CathieBaumgartner,VicePresidentofTES.BeneaththemappeartheGroupLeadersfortheenvironmentaldisciplinesand/orthePrincipalInvestigators.AdministrationofenvironmentalstudieswillbehandledbytheEnvironmentalStudyManagers.TheywillberesponsibleforensuringthesuccessfulcompletionandapplicabilityofthatportionoftheFERCapplicationpertainingtoenvironmentalmatters.Theywillhavethefollowingdutiesandresponsibilities:(1)Ensurethefulfillmentofcontractrequirements,(2)Ensurecoordinationwithalltechnicalaspectsoftheoverallstudy,(3)Conductliaisonwithregulatoryagenciesandinterestedthirdparties,(4)Recommendapproval/disapprovalonallprojectcostand/orworkscopechangestoAcresProjectManager,(5)Keepthefo11owingpersonnelandagenciesinformedofpertinentdecisionand/orenvironmentalactivities:-ProjectManager,Acres-AppropriateEngineeringGroupLeaders-Local,stateandfederalagencies,asdesignatedbyAcresProjectManagers,(includingAPA,ADF&G,USFWS,BLM,ADNR,Corpsandothers).5-197 (6)ProvidemonthlyprogressreportstoAcres'ProjectManager,(7)ApproveminorProjectWorkScopeadjustmentswithaninformationcopytoAcres'ProjectManager,and(8)Review,approve,andrecommendreleaseanddistributionofreportstoAcres'ProjectManager.TheEnvironmentalStudyManagerswillprovidedirectionforthetimelyinitiationoftheenvironmentalstudiesandotherprojectactivitiesonanas-neededratherthanaday-to-daybasisformaximumstudyscheduleandcostefficiency.Administrationofallday-to-dayprojectactivitieswillbetheresponsibilityoftheEnvironmentalStudyDirectors.Theirresponsibilitieswillinclude,butnotbelimitedtothefollowing:(1)Developingcomprehensivequalitycontrolproceduresapplicableinallphasesoftheenvironmentaleffort,(2)Approvingtheinitiationofallenvironmentalsamplingefforts,(3)Providingproblemresolutiononanas-neededbasis,(4)Supervisingexpendituresandcost-accountingproceduresandauditinvoices,(5)ProvidingdesignrecommendationstotheAcres'ProjectManager,and(6)ReviewingandapprovingallreportsforinternalactionandtransmitfinalcopiestotheESMforappropriatedisposition.ThemanagementandadministrationofalltechnicalprogramswillbetheresponsibilityoftheEnvironmentalStudyQirectors.However,theymaydelegatethisauthorityandresponsibilitytoGroupLeaderswhenappropriate.TheGroupLeaderswillberesponsibletoperformthefollowing:(1)Ensurecompletenessandeffectivenessofdiscipline-specificstudiesinmeetingstudyobjectives,(2)Providedirectionofandassistancewiththeinitiationofallfieldsamplingefforts,(3)Maintainactivesupervisionofprojectstaffeffortsonaday-to-daybasis,(4)Recommendapproval/disapprovalofadjustmentstodiscipline-specificstudies,(5)Maintainadetailedstatusreportofalldiscipline-specificstudiestoinsureconformancewithprogramobjectives,5-198(6)ProvidemonthlyprogressreportstoAcres'ProjectManager,(7)ApproveminorProjectWorkScopeadjustmentswithaninformationcopytoAcres'ProjectManager,and(8)Review,approve,andrecommendreleaseanddistributionofreportstoAcres'ProjectManager.TheEnvironmentalStudyManagerswillprovidedirectionforthetimelyinitiationoftheenvironmentalstudiesandotherprojectactivitiesonanas-neededratherthanaday-to-daybasisformaximumstudyscheduleandcostefficiency.Administrationofallday-to-dayprojectactivitieswillbetheresponsibilityoftheEnvironmentalStudyDirectors.Theirresponsibilitieswillinclude,butnotbelimitedtothefollowing:(1)Developingcomprehensivequalitycontrolproceduresapplicableinallphasesoftheenvironmentaleffort,(2)Approvingtheinitiationofallenvironmentalsamplingefforts,(3)Providingproblemresolutiononanas-neededbasis,(4)Supervisingexpendituresandcost-accountingproceduresandauditinvoices,(5)ProvidingdesignrecommendationstotheAcres'ProjectManager,and(6)ReviewingandapprovingallreportsforinternalactionandtransmitfinalcopiestotheESMforappropriatedisposition.ThemanagementandadministrationofalltechnicalprogramswillbetheresponsibilityoftheEnvironmentalStudyQirectors.However,theymaydelegatethisauthorityandresponsibilitytoGroupLeaderswhenappropriate.TheGroupLeaderswillberesponsibletoperformthefollowing:(1)Ensurecompletenessandeffectivenessofdiscipline-specificstudiesinmeetingstudyobjectives,(2)Providedirectionofandassistancewiththeinitiationofallfieldsamplingefforts,(3)Maintainactivesupervisionofprojectstaffeffortsonaday-to-daybasis,(4)Recommendapproval/disapprovalofadjustmentstodiscipline-specificstudies,(5)Maintainadetailedstatusreportofalldiscipline-specificstudiestoinsureconformancewithprogramobjectives,5-198 J(6)Approveminorprogram/samplingprocedureadjustmentstomaketheprogrammorecompatiblewithexistingconditions,(7)InformtheESDofprogramactivitiesonaregularlyscheduledbasis,(8)ProvidedesignrecommendationstoESD.PrincipalInvestigators(PI)willsharesomeofthedutiespreviouslyidentifiedasGroupLeaderresponsibilities,especiallywithrespecttotheconductofthefieldsamplingefforts.Inaddition,eachPIwill,asaminimum:(1)recommendmodificationstocostand/ordiscipline-specificstudyeffortsbaseduponsamplingresults;and(2)providemonthlyprogressandactivitystatusreportseithertotheGroupLeaderortheESD.TheproposedenvironmentalPlanofStudyisdesignedtomeettheneedsoftheSusitnaProjectlicenseapplicationtoFERC.However,flexibilityandjudgmentaffectingstudydetailsshouldbereservedforthepurposeofmatchingstudyeffortstoanever-changingpublicdemandforenvironmentalqualityprotectionandtochangingregulatoryrequirementsandattitudes.(d)ScheduleWeeks1 -1305-199J(6)Approveminorprogram/samplingprocedureadjustmentstomaketheprogrammorecompatiblewithexistingconditions,(7)InformtheESDofprogramactivitiesonaregularlyscheduledbasis,(8)ProvidedesignrecommendationstoESD.PrincipalInvestigators(PI)willsharesomeofthedutiespreviouslyidentifiedasGroupLeaderresponsibilities,especiallywithrespecttotheconductofthefieldsamplingefforts.Inaddition,eachPIwill,asaminimum:(1)recommendmodificationstocostand/ordiscipline-specificstudyeffortsbaseduponsamplingresults;and(2)providemonthlyprogressandactivitystatusreportseithertotheGroupLeaderortheESD.TheproposedenvironmentalPlanofStudyisdesignedtomeettheneedsoftheSusitnaProjectlicenseapplicationtoFERC.However,flexibilityandjudgmentaffectingstudydetailsshouldbereservedforthepurposeofmatchingstudyeffortstoanever-changingpublicdemandforenvironmentalqualityprotectionandtochangingregulatoryrequirementsandattitudes.(d)ScheduleWeeks1 -1305-199 Subtask7.02-MonitoringofFieldActivitiesforEnvironmentalAcceptability(a)ObjectiveTokeeptheenvironmentalimpactofsurface-disturbingandallotherfieldactivitiestoaminimum.(b)ApproachSurface-disturbingactivitiesofanykindwillbemonitoredbyafieldrepresentative.Thisrepresentativewillalsocoordinatecertainactivitieswithintheenvironmentaldisciplineandmaycoordinateactivitiesamonggroupstoavoidconflicts.Ofparticularconcernistheunintentionaldisturbanceofanimportantarchaeologicalorhistoricalsiteoranenvironmentallysensitivearea.(c)DiscussionAstheenvironmental,geotechnicalandotherstudyprogramsareimplemented,acertainamountoffieldsamplingandtestingwillberequired.Afieldrepresentativewillbeonhandtooutlineareasthataresensitivetodisturbanceandalsotomonitorsurface-disturbingactivitywhileitisoccurring.Thismonitoringwillensurecompliancewithexistingenvironmentalregulations.Incertaininstances,mitigationmeasureswillberecommendedtoreduceimpacts.Thefieldrepresentativewillalsohaveacertainamountofcoordinationresponsibilities.Thiswillincludecoordinatingsamplinglocationsofthevariousgroups.Conflictscouldarise,forexample,ifonegroupplanstoclearanareafortestingpurposes,whileanothergroupisintheprocessofcollectingbiologicaldatathatwouldbeaffectedbysuchclearing.Althoughconflictsmaynotalwaysbeavoidable,thefieldrepresentativewillberesponsibleforkeepingtrackofpresentorproposedsamplingprogramsandnotifyinggroupswhenconflictsmayoccur.(d)ScheduleWeeks8through1305-200Subtask7.02-MonitoringofFieldActivitiesforEnvironmentalAcceptability(a)ObjectiveTokeeptheenvironmentalimpactofsurface-disturbingandallotherfieldactivitiestoaminimum.(b)ApproachSurface-disturbingactivitiesofanykindwillbemonitoredbyafieldrepresentative.Thisrepresentativewillalsocoordinatecertainactivitieswithintheenvironmentaldisciplineandmaycoordinateactivitiesamonggroupstoavoidconflicts.Ofparticularconcernistheunintentionaldisturbanceofanimportantarchaeologicalorhistoricalsiteoranenvironmentallysensitivearea.(c)DiscussionAstheenvironmental,geotechnicalandotherstudyprogramsareimplemented,acertainamountoffieldsamplingandtestingwillberequired.Afieldrepresentativewillbeonhandtooutlineareasthataresensitivetodisturbanceandalsotomonitorsurface-disturbingactivitywhileitisoccurring.Thismonitoringwillensurecompliancewithexistingenvironmentalregulations.Incertaininstances,mitigationmeasureswillberecommendedtoreduceimpacts.Thefieldrepresentativewillalsohaveacertainamountofcoordinationresponsibilities.Thiswillincludecoordinatingsamplinglocationsofthevariousgroups.Conflictscouldarise,forexample,ifonegroupplanstoclearanareafortestingpurposes,whileanothergroupisintheprocessofcollectingbiologicaldatathatwouldbeaffectedbysuchclearing.Althoughconflictsmaynotalwaysbeavoidable,thefieldrepresentativewillberesponsibleforkeepingtrackofpresentorproposedsamplingprogramsandnotifyinggroupswhenconflictsmayoccur.(d)ScheduleWeeks8through1305-200 Subtask7.03-EvaluationofAlternatives(a)ObjectiveTocompare,fromanenvironmentalstandpoint,thevariousalternativesforpowergenerationandassociatedtransmissionfacilities.(b)ApproachTheenvironmentalevaluationofpowerdevelopmentalternativeswillidentifythepotentialimpactissues,andtheirrelativemagnitudes,associatedwithalternativedevelopments.TheengineeringstaffofAcresandweewillidentifyanddescribethealternatives,andtheenvironmentalstaffofTES(hydroelectricalternatives)andwee(non-hydroalternatives)willperformtheenvironmentalanalysisonthebasisofavailab1edata,whichwillbecompi1edforthispurpose.Sincetheimpactissuesassociatedwiththetwo-damschemefortheUpperSusitnahavealreadybeenidentified,thisschemewillbeusedasthestandardagainstwhichotheralternativeswillbemeasured.(c)DiscussionTheevaluationofalternativeswillbecompletedaspartofTask1 -PowerStudies.5-201Subtask7.03-EvaluationofAlternatives(a)ObjectiveTocompare,fromanenvironmentalstandpoint,thevariousalternativesforpowergenerationandassociatedtransmissionfacilities.(b)ApproachTheenvironmentalevaluationofpowerdevelopmentalternativeswillidentifythepotentialimpactissues,andtheirrelativemagnitudes,associatedwithalternativedevelopments.TheengineeringstaffofAcresandweewillidentifyanddescribethealternatives,andtheenvironmentalstaffofTES(hydroelectricalternatives)andwee(non-hydroalternatives)willperformtheenvironmentalanalysisonthebasisofavailab1edata,whichwillbecompi1edforthispurpose.Sincetheimpactissuesassociatedwiththetwo-damschemefortheUpperSusitnahavealreadybeenidentified,thisschemewillbeusedasthestandardagainstwhichotheralternativeswillbemeasured.(c)DiscussionTheevaluationofalternativeswillbecompletedaspartofTask1 -PowerStudies.5-201 Subtask7.04-WaterResourcesAnalysis(a)ObjectiveTheprimaryobjectiveofthewaterresourcesanalysisistogeneratedatathatwillbeusedtodeterminewhethertheanadromousandresidentfisheriesintheSusitnaRiverorCookInletwillbeenhancedoradverselyimpactedbytheproposedproject.Toachievethisobjectivethefollowingstudyareasmustbeaddressed:(1)Changesinriverdischargecharacteristicsduetoflowregulation,(2)Changesinwaterqualityduetoimpoundment,includingsedimentload,temperature,dissolvedgasproduction,andchemicalconstituents,(3)Changesinwinteringconditionsalongtheriverduetoincreasedlowflowduringthewinterandchangesiniceconditions.Asecondaryobjectiveofthewaterresourcesanalysiswillbetoassistinestimatingthebenefitstolanduse,recreationandfloodpreventionbalancedagainsttheinundationofapproximately50,000acresabovethetwodams.(b)ApproachAccuratebaselinewaterquantityandqualitydataareessentialforpredictingtheeffectoftheSusitnaProjectonthefisheriesoftheSusitnaRiverandforassuringthatconstruction,fillingandoperationofthehydroelectricprojectcanbeaccomplishedwhileachievingpossiblebeneficialenvironmentaleffects.Thewaterquantityandqualityinformationneededwillbetakenfromtheengineeringstudies,particularlyTask3 -Hydrology,fromthefisheriesstudy,andfromthewaterqualitystudiesandgeologicalstudiestobedonebyR&MaspartofTask3andTask5 -GeotechnicalExploration.(c)DiscussionWaterqualityconditionswillbeaffectedaboveandbelowthedamsites.Stratificationconditionswithinthereservoirscouldcausetemperatureanddissolvedgasproblemswithinthereservoiranddownstream.Thesupersaturationofnitrogenandotheratmosphericgasescouldcausegasbubblediseaseinthedownstreamfishery.Previouslyunknownoutcropsofsolublemetalcompoundscouldbeinundatedbythereservoirscausingproblemstotheresidentordevelopingfishpopulations.FlowcharacteristicsthatareessentialforupstreammigrationofsalmontothespawninggroundsandforproperconditionsforoverwinteringofbothsalmonandresidentfishspecieswillbestudiedaspartofSubtask7.10.5-202Subtask7.04-WaterResourcesAnalysis(a)ObjectiveTheprimaryobjectiveofthewaterresourcesanalysisistogeneratedatathatwillbeusedtodeterminewhethertheanadromousandresidentfisheriesintheSusitnaRiverorCookInletwillbeenhancedoradverselyimpactedbytheproposedproject.Toachievethisobjectivethefollowingstudyareasmustbeaddressed:(1)Changesinriverdischargecharacteristicsduetoflowregulation,(2)Changesinwaterqualityduetoimpoundment,includingsedimentload,temperature,dissolvedgasproduction,andchemicalconstituents,(3)Changesinwinteringconditionsalongtheriverduetoincreasedlowflowduringthewinterandchangesiniceconditions.Asecondaryobjectiveofthewaterresourcesanalysiswillbetoassistinestimatingthebenefitstolanduse,recreationandfloodpreventionbalancedagainsttheinundationofapproximately50,000acresabovethetwodams.(b)ApproachAccuratebaselinewaterquantityandqualitydataareessentialforpredictingtheeffectoftheSusitnaProjectonthefisheriesoftheSusitnaRiverandforassuringthatconstruction,fillingandoperationofthehydroelectricprojectcanbeaccomplishedwhileachievingpossiblebeneficialenvironmentaleffects.Thewaterquantityandqualityinformationneededwillbetakenfromtheengineeringstudies,particularlyTask3-Hydrology,fromthefisheriesstudy,andfromthewaterqualitystudiesandgeologicalstudiestobedonebyR&MaspartofTask3andTask5 -GeotechnicalExploration.(c)DiscussionWaterqualityconditionswillbeaffectedaboveandbelowthedamsites.Stratificationconditionswithinthereservoirscouldcausetemperatureanddissolvedgasproblemswithinthereservoiranddownstream.Thesupersaturationofnitrogenandotheratmosphericgasescouldcausegasbubblediseaseinthedownstreamfishery.Previouslyunknownoutcropsofsolublemetalcompoundscouldbeinundatedbythereservoirscausingproblemstotheresidentordevelopingfishpopulations.FlowcharacteristicsthatareessentialforupstreammigrationofsalmontothespawninggroundsandforproperconditionsforoverwinteringofbothsalmonandresidentfishspecieswillbestudiedaspartofSubtask7.10.5-202 MostofthetechnicaldatarequiredwillbeavailableatthecompletionofTask3 -Hydrology.However,toensurethatthecorrectdataiscollectedinaformatusefultothissubtask,earlycoordinationoftherequirementsofthissubtask,withtheleadpersonnelresponsibleforthefieldandofficestudiescompletedunderTask3,willbeaccomplished.Informationrelativetoparameterstobetested,frequencyandlocationwillbeprovidedasinputtothehydrologicandwaterqualityfieldstudiestobeconductedbyR&M.Datarelativetosedimentloads,dropoutratesandresuspension,aswellasstreambeddegradationdownstreamofDevilCanyonDamwillalsoberequestedfromthehydrologicalandgeologicalstudiesgroup.Finally,thesedatawillbecombinedwithinputfromthefisheriessubtask(Subtask7.10)toassesstheimpactoftheSusitnaProjectonthefisheries.ThedatawillalsobeusedinSubtasks7.07and7.08relativetolanduseandrecreationaldevelopmentanalysis.ItisanticipatedthatallactivitiesonthisspecificsubtaskwillbecompletedbeforetheFERClicenseapplicationissubmitted.However,finaluseofthedatainothersubtaskswillnotoccuruntilafterthelicenseapplicationhasbeensubmitted.Atthepresenttime,nodistinctvlaterqualityprogramisproposedforthetimeperiodafterlicenseapplicationsubmissionotherthanthattobeconductedaspartoftheengineeringstudiesandthein-situmeasurementstakenbyADF&Ginconjunctionwithfishsampling.Ifearlystudiesrevealaneedforfurtherwaterqualityanalysis,aprogramwillbedevelopedandproposedatthattime.(d)ScheduleWeeks26through1305-203MostofthetechnicaldatarequiredwillbeavailableatthecompletionofTask3-Hydrology.However,toensurethatthecorrectdataiscollectedinaformatusefultothissubtask,earlycoordinationoftherequirementsofthissubtask,withtheleadpersonnelresponsibleforthefieldandofficestudiescompletedunderTask3,willbeaccomplished.Informationrelativetoparameterstobetested,frequencyandlocationwillbeprovidedasinputtothehydrologicandwaterqualityfieldstudiestobeconductedbyR&M.Datarelativetosedimentloads,dropoutratesandresuspension,aswellasstreambeddegradationdownstreamofDevilCanyonDamwillalsoberequestedfromthehydrologicalandgeologicalstudiesgroup.Finally,thesedatawillbecombinedwithinputfromthefisheriessubtask(Subtask7.10)toassesstheimpactoftheSusitnaProjectonthefisheries.ThedatawillalsobeusedinSubtasks7.07and7.08relativetolanduseandrecreationaldevelopmentanalysis.ItisanticipatedthatallactivitiesonthisspecificsubtaskwillbecompletedbeforetheFERClicenseapplicationissubmitted.However,finaluseofthedatainothersubtaskswillnotoccuruntilafterthelicenseapplicationhasbeensubmitted.Atthepresenttime,nodistinctvlaterqualityprogramisproposedforthetimeperiodafterlicenseapplicationsubmissionotherthanthattobeconductedaspartoftheengineeringstudiesandthein-situmeasurementstakenbyADF&Ginconjunctionwithfishsampling.Ifearlystudiesrevealaneedforfurtherwaterqualityanalysis,aprogramwillbedevelopedandproposedatthattime.(d)ScheduleWeeks26through1305-203 Subtask7.05-Socioe~onomicAnalysis(a)ObjectiveToidentifyanddescribetheexistingsocioeconomicconditionsandtodeterminewhicharemostlikelytobeimpactedbytheSusitnaHydroelectricProject,asrequiredundertheFederalEnergyRegulatoryCommissionregulations.SubsequenttothesubmissionoftheFERClicenseapplication,thedetailedanalysisandassessmentsofthesocioeconomicimpactsrelatedtotheSusitnadevelopmentwillbecompleted.(b)ApproachThecompletionofthesocioeconomicanalysisisnotaprerequisitetosubmissionoftheFERClicenseapplication.Thus,theworkpackagestobecompletedhavebeendividedintothosethatarescheduledtobecompletedpriortoapplicationsubmission(1to4below)andthoseworkpackagesthatmaybecompletedduringalatertimeperiod(discussedinSectionA6).Theworkpackagestobecompletedare(1)literaturesearch(2)socioeconomicprofiledevelopment(3)preliminarysocioeconomicimpactstudies(4)forecastoffuturesocioeconomicconditionsintheabsenceoftheSusitnaProject(5)forecastoffuturesocioeconomicconditionswiththeSusitnaProject(6)identificationandevaluationofsignificantsocioeconomicprojectimpacts(7)assessmentofeconomicaspectsofimportantcommercial,recreationalandsubsistencefishandwildliferesourceswithouttheproject(8)determinationandevaluationofprojectimpactsonimportantcommercial,recreationalandsubsistencefishandwildliferesources(9)assessmentofsocialsignificanceoftheeconomicimpactsoftheprojectonimportantcommercial,recreationalandsubsistencefishandwildliferesources.Impactstudiesofprojectssimilartotheproposedprojectwillbeidentifiedandevaluatedinthefirstworkpackage.Socioeconomicprofilescoveringtheimmediatevicinityoftheproject,broaderregions,andthestatearedevelopedinthesecondworkpackage.5-204Subtask7.05-Socioe~onomicAnalysis(a)ObjectiveToidentifyanddescribetheexistingsocioeconomicconditionsandtodeterminewhicharemostlikelytobeimpactedbytheSusitnaHydroelectricProject,asrequiredundertheFederalEnergyRegulatoryCommissionregulations.SubsequenttothesubmissionoftheFERClicenseapplication,thedetailedanalysisandassessmentsofthesocioeconomicimpactsrelatedtotheSusitnadevelopmentwillbecompleted.(b)ApproachThecompletionofthesocioeconomicanalysisisnotaprerequisitetosubmissionoftheFERClicenseapplication.Thus,theworkpackagestobecompletedhavebeendividedintothosethatarescheduledtobecompletedpriortoapplicationsubmission(1to4below)andthoseworkpackagesthatmaybecompletedduringalatertimeperiod(discussedinSectionA6).Theworkpackagestobecompletedare(1)literaturesearch(2)socioeconomicprofiledevelopment(3)preliminarysocioeconomicimpactstudies(4)forecastoffuturesocioeconomicconditionsintheabsenceoftheSusitnaProject(5)forecastoffuturesocioeconomicconditionswiththeSusitnaProject(6)identificationandevaluationofsignificantsocioeconomicprojectimpacts(7)assessmentofeconomicaspectsofimportantcommercial,recreationalandsubsistencefishandwildliferesourceswithouttheproject(8)determinationandevaluationofprojectimpactsonimportantcommercial,recreationalandsubsistencefishandwildliferesources(9)assessmentofsocialsignificanceoftheeconomicimpactsoftheprojectonimportantcommercial,recreationalandsubsistencefishandwildliferesources.Impactstudiesofprojectssimilartotheproposedprojectwillbeidentifiedandevaluatedinthefirstworkpackage.Socioeconomicprofilescoveringtheimmediatevicinityoftheproject,broaderregions,andthestatearedevelopedinthesecondworkpackage.5-204 ThesocioeconomicconditionsmostlikelytobeimpactedbytheSusitna.Projectareidentifiedanddescribedindepth.Fortheidentifiedsocioeconomicconditions,forecastsoffutureconditionsaremade.Theseforecastswillserveasabaselineforthepreliminarysocioeconomicimpactstudiesaswellasthedetailedsocioeconomicimpactassessmentsofprojectimpactstobecompletedinworkpackage6duringthepost-licenseapplicationstudies.Inthepost-licenseapplicationstudies,potentialimpactsoftheprojectwillbedeterminedbycomparingtheforecast"withtheproject"tothebaselineforecast.Thisanalysiswillyieldquantitativeestimatesforimpactsaswellasqualitativedescriptionsofimpacts.(c)DiscussionImpactstudiesofhydroelectricprojectssimilartotheproposedSusitnaProjectwillbereviewed.Thesereviewswillprovidearangeofimpactswhichmaybeexpectedtoresultfromtheproposedproject.Next,thefollowingtypesofdetailedsocioeconomicprofileswillbedevelopedforthelocalareaandforthegeneralarea,whereapplicable:-Populationtotalsanddistribution,currentandprojected,-Housingstock,bytypeofunitandprice/rentlevels,-Employmentandincomelevels,-Taxratesandrevenuesbytypeofjurisdiction,-Publicfacilities,availability,adequacy,andcost,-Land-usepatternsandtrends,-Businessactivity,level,andtrends,-Education,enrollmenttrends,capacity,revenues,andcosts,-Transportationfacilities,bytype,-Attitudestowardlifestyleandqualityoflife,-Attitudestowardgrowth,-Fishandwildliferesourceusepatterns.TheseprofileswillalsoincludetherangeofimpactswhichmaybeexpectedintheAlaskanenvironment.TherangeofimpactsforlargehydroelectricprojectscombinedwiththoseintheAlaskaenvironmentwillconstituteacomprehensivelistofpotentialimpactswhichmayresultfromtheproposedSusitnaProject.Inthefinalworkpackagetobecompletedbeforelicenseapplicationsubmission,relevantsocioeconomicconditionsareforecast.This5-205ThesocioeconomicconditionsmostlikelytobeimpactedbytheSusitna.Projectareidentifiedanddescribedindepth.Fortheidentifiedsocioeconomicconditions,forecastsoffutureconditionsaremade.Theseforecastswillserveasabaselineforthepreliminarysocioeconomicimpactstudiesaswellasthedetailedsocioeconomicimpactassessmentsofprojectimpactstobecompletedinworkpackage6duringthepost-licenseapplicationstudies.Inthepost-licenseapplicationstudies,potentialimpactsoftheprojectwillbedeterminedbycomparingtheforecast"withtheproject"tothebaselineforecast.Thisanalysiswillyieldquantitativeestimatesforimpactsaswellasqualitativedescriptionsofimpacts.(c)DiscussionImpactstudiesofhydroelectricprojectssimilartotheproposedSusitnaProjectwillbereviewed.Thesereviewswillprovidearangeofimpactswhichmaybeexpectedtoresultfromtheproposedproject.Next,thefollowingtypesofdetailedsocioeconomicprofileswillbedevelopedforthelocalareaandforthegeneralarea,whereapplicable:-Populationtotalsanddistribution,currentandprojected,-Housingstock,bytypeofunitandprice/rentlevels,-Employmentandincomelevels,-Taxratesandrevenuesbytypeofjurisdiction,-Publicfacilities,availability,adequacy,andcost,-Land-usepatternsandtrends,-Businessactivity,level,andtrends,-Education,enrollmenttrends,capacity,revenues,andcosts,-Transportationfacilities,bytype,-Attitudestowardlifestyleandqualityoflife,-Attitudestowardgrowth,-Fishandwildliferesourceusepatterns.TheseprofileswillalsoincludetherangeofimpactswhichmaybeexpectedintheAlaskanenvironment.TherangeofimpactsforlargehydroelectricprojectscombinedwiththoseintheAlaskaenvironmentwillconstituteacomprehensivelistofpotentialimpactswhichmayresultfromtheproposedSusitnaProject.Inthefinalworkpackagetobecompletedbeforelicenseapplicationsubmission,relevantsocioeconomicconditionsareforecast.This5-205 forecastismadeassumingtheSusitnaProjectwillnotbeundertaken.ItincludesonlythoseareaswhichwouldbeimpactedbytheSusitnaProject.(d)ScheduleWeeks8throughII?(e)DetailedScopeofWorkTableAS.?summarizestheproposedscopeofworkforPhaseIofthestudy(pre-licenseapplication).Theworkpackagesmentionedabovearedividedintoworkitems,andintermediateproductsresultingfromseveraloftheseworkitemsareidentified.DiscussioninthissubsectionfocusesuponworkitemsfromtheOutlineSummaryofthePhaseIScopeofWork(TableAS.?)whichrequirefurtherexp1anation.Theworkitemapproachandmethods,andtherelationshipofworkitemswithinaworkpackagearethemaintopicsdeveloped.InadditiontothefourworkpackagesdescribedbelowforPhaseI,thePhaseIscopeofworkincludesarefinementanddocumentationofthePhaseIIplanofstudyforinclusionintheFERClicenseapplication.(I)LiteratureReviewa.SocioeconomicimpactstudiesforhydroelectricprojectssimilartotherangeofproposedprojectsfortheSusitnavicinitywillbeidentified.Aconsultant(s}withextensivefamiliaritywithsocioeconomicstudieswillbeprovidedwithadatacompilationformat.Thepurposeofthisformatwillbetoacquiredataconcerningtheconsultant'spastworkinsocioeconomicimpactanalysis..Inadditiontheconsultant(s}willfurnishstrategiesforfurtheridentificationofrelevantstudies.BibliographiesandmajorentitiessuchastheArmyCorpsofEngineersandtheAlaskaDepartmentofFishandGamewillbeconsultedtoidentifyfurtherhydroelectricandrelatedstudies.Itisanticipatedthatthemajorsourceofbibliographieswillbethosefoundinthestudiesinitiallyidentified.b.Allstudieswillbeplacedinasimilardataformatfacilitateextractionofimpacts,bynatureanddegree.formatwillbedeveloped,studieswillbereviewed,andformatwillbeimplemented.Dataparticularlyrelevantwillbehighlightedintheformat.toThethetoA1askac.Generalsocioeconomicconditionsinthelocalarea(immediatevicinityoftherangeofalternativedamsites),theregion(theareasurroundingtheimmediatedam-sitevicinity,includingMatanuska-SusitnaBorough,andtheFairbanks/TananaandAnchorage/CookInletregions)andtheStatewillbereviewed.Thisreviewwillincludethefollowing:5-206forecastismadeassumingtheSusitnaProjectwillnotbeundertaken.ItincludesonlythoseareaswhichwouldbeimpactedbytheSusitnaProject.(d)ScheduleWeeks8throughII?(e)DetailedScopeofWorkTableAS.?summarizestheproposedscopeofworkforPhaseIofthestudy(pre-licenseapplication).Theworkpackagesmentionedabovearedividedintoworkitems,andintermediateproductsresultingfromseveraloftheseworkitemsareidentified.DiscussioninthissubsectionfocusesuponworkitemsfromtheOutlineSummaryofthePhaseIScopeofWork(TableAS.?)whichrequirefurtherexp1anation.Theworkitemapproachandmethods,andtherelationshipofworkitemswithinaworkpackagearethemaintopicsdeveloped.InadditiontothefourworkpackagesdescribedbelowforPhaseI,thePhaseIscopeofworkincludesarefinementanddocumentationofthePhaseIIplanofstudyforinclusionintheFERClicenseapplication.(I)LiteratureReviewa.SocioeconomicimpactstudiesforhydroelectricprojectssimilartotherangeofproposedprojectsfortheSusitnavicinitywillbeidentified.Aconsultant(s}withextensivefamiliaritywithsocioeconomicstudieswillbeprovidedwithadatacompilationformat.Thepurposeofthisformatwillbetoacquiredataconcerningtheconsultant'spastworkinsocioeconomicimpactanalysis..Inadditiontheconsultant(s}willfurnishstrategiesforfurtheridentificationofrelevantstudies.BibliographiesandmajorentitiessuchastheArmyCorpsofEngineersandtheAlaskaDepartmentofFishandGamewillbeconsultedtoidentifyfurtherhydroelectricandrelatedstudies.Itisanticipatedthatthemajorsourceofbibliographieswillbethosefoundinthestudiesinitiallyidentified.b.Allstudieswillbeplacedinasimilardataformatfacilitateextractionofimpacts,bynatureanddegree.formatwillbedeveloped,studieswillbereviewed,andformatwillbeimplemented.Dataparticularlyrelevantwillbehighlightedintheformat.toThethetoA1askac.Generalsocioeconomicconditionsinthelocalarea(immediatevicinityoftherangeofalternativedamsites),theregion(theareasurroundingtheimmediatedam-sitevicinity,includingMatanuska-SusitnaBorough,andtheFairbanks/TananaandAnchorage/CookInletregions)andtheStatewillbereviewed.Thisreviewwillincludethefollowing:5-206 TABLEA5.7OUTLINESUMMARYOFTHESOCIOECONOMICSCOPEOFWORK-PHASEIWORK.PACKAGE1.Literaturereview2.SocioeconomicprofiledevelopmentWORKITEMa.Identifysocioeconomicimpactstudiesforsim-ilarhydroelectricprojects(includefor-eignstudies)b.Determinethenatureandextentofstudies'impactsc.Reviewgeneralsocio-economicconditionsinthelocalfndgeneral-izedareas,andStateofAlaskad.Assessrelevanceofstudies'impactsforlocalandgeneralizedareas,andfortheStateofAlaskaa.Identifypotentialimpactspeculiartothelocalandgeneralareas,andthestateb.Determineconditions2mostlikelytobeim-pacted,byareasandstatec.Developdatacollectionguidesd.Collectdataandinfor-mationonmostvulner-ableconditionsatareaandstatelevele.Compiledataandinfor-mationPRODUCTI-a.Listofsocio-economicimpactstudiessimilarhydroelectricprojectsI-b.Tableshowingsocioeconomicimpacts,byproject,type,anddegreeI-c.Draftprofilesofsocioeconomicconditions,byareasandstateI-d.PartiallistofpotentialSusitnaProjectimpacts,byareasandstate2-a.TableshowingpotentialSusitnaProjectimpacts,byareasandstate2-b.Tableshowingconditionsmostlikelytobeimpacted,byareasandstate1.ThelocalareaisintheimmediatevicinityoftheProjectwhilethegeneralizedareaincludestheregionsurroundingthelocalarea,includingMatanuska-SusitnaBorough,aswellastheFairbanks/TananaandtheAnchorage/CookInletregions.2.Conditionswillbedescribedbysocialandeconomicvariablessuchaspopulation,percapitaincome,employment,housing,taxes,governmentservices,etc.5-207TABLEA5.7OUTLINESUMMARYOFTHESOCIOECONOMICSCOPEOFWORK-PHASEIWORK.PACKAGE1.Literaturereview2.SocioeconomicprofiledevelopmentWORKITEMa.Identifysocioeconomicimpactstudiesforsim-ilarhydroelectricprojects(includefor-eignstudies)b.Determinethenatureandextentofstudies'impactsc.Reviewgeneralsocio-economicconditionsinthelocalfndgeneral-izedareas,andStateofAlaskad.Assessrelevanceofstudies'impactsforlocalandgeneralizedareas,andfortheStateofAlaskaa.Identifypotentialimpactspeculiartothelocalandgeneralareas,andthestateb.Determineconditions2mostlikelytobeim-pacted,byareasandstatec.Developdatacollectionguidesd.Collectdataandinfor-mationonmostvulner-ableconditionsatareaandstatelevele.Compiledataandinfor-mationPRODUCTI-a.Listofsocio-economicimpactstudiessimilarhydroelectricprojectsI-b.Tableshowingsocioeconomicimpacts,byproject,type,anddegreeI-c.Draftprofilesofsocioeconomicconditions,byareasandstateI-d.PartiallistofpotentialSusitnaProjectimpacts,byareasandstate2-a.TableshowingpotentialSusitnaProjectimpacts,byareasandstate2-b.Tableshowingconditionsmostlikelytobeimpacted,byareasandstate1.ThelocalareaisintheimmediatevicinityoftheProjectwhilethegeneralizedareaincludestheregionsurroundingthelocalarea,includingMatanuska-SusitnaBorough,aswellastheFairbanks/TananaandtheAnchorage/CookInletregions.2.Conditionswillbedescribedbysocialandeconomicvariablessuchaspopulation,percapitaincome,employment,housing,taxes,governmentservices,etc.5-207 TABLEA5.7Cont'd:WORKPACKAGE3.Preliminarysocio-economicimpactstudies4.ForecastoffuturesocioeconomicconditionsinabsenceofSusitnaProjectWORKITEMf.Developprofilesofsocioeconomiccondi-tionslikelytobeimpacted,byareasandstatea.Identifyconditionsmostlikelytobeim-pacted,byalternative,3andareasandstateb.Determinethenatureanddegreeofpotentialim-pacts,byalternative,andareasandstatec.Compareandcontrastimpactsofalternativeprojects,byalterna-tive,areasandstated.Evaluatepotentialim-pactsofse1ectedalter-native(preliminary)a.IdentifystudieswhichforecastsocioeconomicconditionsinAlaskaintheabsenceofsigni-ficanthydroelectricpowerdevelopmentb.Selectstudieswhichhavegeographicallydisaggregatedresultsforfurtherconsidera-tionc.Developandapplystudymethodologyevaluationcriteriad.Selectstudy(s)andstudy(s)resultsforadoptionPRODUCT2-f.Profilesofsocioeconomicconditionslikelytobeimpacted,byareasandstate3-a.Tableshowingmostvulnerablecon-ditionsbyalternative,andareasandstate3-c.Tableshowingnatureanddegreeofimpactsbyalternative,andareasandstate3-d.Textdiscussionsupportedbytables4-a.Listofsocio-economicconditionsforecaststudies4-b.Listofsocio-economicconditionsfore-caststudieswithsignifi-cantgeographicaldis-aggregation4-d.PartialforecastoffuturesocioeconomicconditionsinabsenceofSusitnaProject3.Ifatthisstageofthestudyoneofseveralalternativetypesofdamprojectshasbeenselected,thentheworkitemsofthisworkpackagewillapplysolelytotheselectedalternative.5-208TABLEA5.7Cont'd:WORKPACKAGE3.Preliminarysocio-economicimpactstudies4.ForecastoffuturesocioeconomicconditionsinabsenceofSusitnaProjectWORKITEMf.Developprofilesofsocioeconomiccondi-tionslikelytobeimpacted,byareasandstatea.Identifyconditionsmostlikelytobeim-pacted,byalternative,3andareasandstateb.Determinethenatureanddegreeofpotentialim-pacts,byalternative,andareasandstatec.Compareandcontrastimpactsofalternativeprojects,byalterna-tive,areasandstated.Evaluatepotentialim-pactsofse1ectedalter-native(preliminary)a.IdentifystudieswhichforecastsocioeconomicconditionsinAlaskaintheabsenceofsigni-ficanthydroelectricpowerdevelopmentb.Selectstudieswhichhavegeographicallydisaggregatedresultsforfurtherconsidera-tionc.Developandapplystudymethodologyevaluationcriteriad.Selectstudy(s)andstudy(s)resultsforadoptionPRODUCT2-f.Profilesofsocioeconomicconditionslikelytobeimpacted,byareasandstate3-a.Tableshowingmostvulnerablecon-ditionsbyalternative,andareasandstate3-c.Tableshowingnatureanddegreeofimpactsbyalternative,andareasandstate3-d.Textdiscussionsupportedbytables4-a.Listofsocio-economicconditionsforecaststudies4-b.Listofsocio-economicconditionsfore-caststudieswithsignifi-cantgeographicaldis-aggregation4-d.PartialforecastoffuturesocioeconomicconditionsinabsenceofSusitnaProject3.Ifatthisstageofthestudyoneofseveralalternativetypesofdamprojectshasbeenselected,thentheworkitemsofthisworkpackagewillapplysolelytotheselectedalternative.5-208 TABLEAS.?Cont'd:WORKPACKAGEor,ifnecessaryWORKITEMe.Revisestudy(s)metho-dologytoallowforpropergeographicdis-aggregationand/ornewfactorsofchangef.Implementrevisedmethodology2-209PRODUCT4-f.ForecastoffuturesocioeconomicconditionsinabsenceofSusitnaProjectTABLEAS.?Cont'd:WORKPACKAGEor,ifnecessaryWORKITEMe.Revisestudy(s)metho-dologytoallowforpropergeographicdis-aggregationand/ornewfactorsofchangef.Implementrevisedmethodology2-209PRODUCT4-f.ForecastoffuturesocioeconomicconditionsinabsenceofSusitnaProject - areviewofcurrentmajorassessmentsofAlaskademographic,socialandeconomicconditions,byregion,- areviewofliteraturepertainingtotheAlaskasocial/culturalenvironment,interviewswithrecognizedauthoritiesonAlaskaneconomicandsocialconditions,includingbutnotlimitedto:Mr.LawrenceKimball,Jr.,AlaskaDepartmentofCommunityandRegionalAffairsDr.DavidKresge,HarvardUniversityandTheInstituteofSocialandEconomicResearch,UniversityofAlaskaDr.DavidReaume,AlaskaDepartmentofCommerceandEconomicDevelopmentMr.BobRichards,NationalBankofAlaskaRegionalandlocalauthoritiesincludingthoseoftheMatanuska-SusitnaBorough,willalsobecontacted.Finally,profilesofgeneralsocioeconomicconditionswillbedevelopedwithlocal,regional,andstategeographicorientations.d.Therelevanceofimpacts,identifiedandcharacterizedinworkitemlb.fortheStateofAlaskawillbeassessedatlocal,regional,andstatelevels.Thisassessmentwillyieldalistofimpacts,bygeographicarea,type,anddegree,whichmayberelevantfortheSusitnaProjectimpactstudies.(2)SocioeconomicProfileDevelopmentThepurposeofthisworkpackageistodevelopdetailedprofilesofsocioeconomicconditionsmostlikelytobeimpactedbyabroadrangeofalternativehydroelectricprojectsandassociatedfacilities.Attentionisfocusedonlyonthoseconditions1whicharehighlyvulnerable.a.Potentialimpactspeculiartothelocalarea,region,andstatewillbedetermined.Thislistofimpactswillbecombinedwiththoseofworkitem1d.toprovideacompletelistofpotentialimpactsforthebroadrangeofalternativeprojects.b.Next,potentialimpactsonthelistwillbeassessedfortheirrelevancetotheSusitnaProjectatthelocal,regional,andstatelevels.Someofthelessrelevantpotentialimpactswilldropout;whatwillremainisalistofsocioeconomic1Socioeconomicconditionwillbedescribedbysocialandeconomicvariables.TheranaeofvariablesconsideredfortheimpactanalyseswillinclueatthemlnlmumthevarlablesmentionedinExhlbltW,components2.3,3.1.3, 3.2.3,5.1,and7.3.OnlythoserelevantfortheSusitnaProjectwillremainfortreatmentinsubsequenttasks.ReasonsforeliminatingvariablesfromtheExhibitWsetwillbeelaborated.5-210- areviewofcurrentmajorassessmentsofAlaskademographic,socialandeconomicconditions,byregion,- areviewofliteraturepertainingtotheAlaskasocial/culturalenvironment,interviewswithrecognizedauthoritiesonAlaskaneconomicandsocialconditions,includingbutnotlimitedto:Mr.LawrenceKimball,Jr.,AlaskaDepartmentofCommunityandRegionalAffairsDr.DavidKresge,HarvardUniversityandTheInstituteofSocialandEconomicResearch,UniversityofAlaskaDr.DavidReaume,AlaskaDepartmentofCommerceandEconomicDevelopmentMr.BobRichards,NationalBankofAlaskaRegionalandlocalauthoritiesincludingthoseoftheMatanuska-SusitnaBorough,willalsobecontacted.Finally,profilesofgeneralsocioeconomicconditionswillbedevelopedwithlocal,regional,andstategeographicorientations.d.Therelevanceofimpacts,identifiedandcharacterizedinworkitemlb.fortheStateofAlaskawillbeassessedatlocal,regional,andstatelevels.Thisassessmentwillyieldalistofimpacts,bygeographicarea,type,anddegree,whichmayberelevantfortheSusitnaProjectimpactstudies.(2)SocioeconomicProfileDevelopmentThepurposeofthisworkpackageistodevelopdetailedprofilesofsocioeconomicconditionsmostlikelytobeimpactedbyabroadrangeofalternativehydroelectricprojectsandassociatedfacilities.Attentionisfocusedonlyonthoseconditions1whicharehighlyvulnerable.a.Potentialimpactspeculiartothelocalarea,region,andstatewillbedetermined.Thislistofimpactswillbecombinedwiththoseofworkitem1d.toprovideacompletelistofpotentialimpactsforthebroadrangeofalternativeprojects.b.Next,potentialimpactsonthelistwillbeassessedfortheirrelevancetotheSusitnaProjectatthelocal,regional,andstatelevels.Someofthelessrelevantpotentialimpactswilldropout;whatwillremainisalistofsocioeconomic1Socioeconomicconditionwillbedescribedbysocialandeconomicvariables.TheranaeofvariablesconsideredfortheimpactanalyseswillinclueatthemlnlmumthevarlablesmentionedinExhlbltW,components2.3,3.1.3, 3.2.3,5.1,and7.3.OnlythoserelevantfortheSusitnaProjectwillremainfortreatmentinsubsequenttasks.ReasonsforeliminatingvariablesfromtheExhibitWsetwillbeelaborated.5-210 conditionsmostlikelytobeimpactedbythebroadrangeofalternativeprojects.c.Datacollectionguideswillbedevelopedtogatherinforma-tionnecessarytosupporttheproductionofdetailedprofilesofsocioeconomicconditionsmostlikelytobeimpacted.d.Datacollectionguideswillbeimplemented;informationwillbegatheredatlocal,regional,andstatelevels.e.Informationwillbecompiledinaformatconducivetoprofiledevelopment.f.Detailedprofileswillbedevelopedfromtheinformationpresentedine.aboveandalsofromthegeneralprofilesdevelopedinlc.(3)PreliminarySocioeconomicImpactStudiesForhydroelectricalternativestobeevaluatedinSubtask7.03,potentialsocioeconomicimpactissuesandtheirrelativemagnitudeswillbeidentifiedinworkitem2b.OtherSusitnaProjectTeammemberswillthenprovideanarrowrangeofalternativedamprojects.Itisanticipatedthatasfewasoneortwoalternativeprojectswillremainatthisstateofthestudy.Therewillbesubstantialphysicalspecificationandotherinformationmadeavailableoneachalternativeprojectbytheseteammembers,includingtransmissioncorridorsandaccessroadroutes.a.Socioeconomicconditionsmostlikelytobeimpactedwillbeidentifiedforeachalternative,bylocalarea,region,andstate.Conditionsthatmightbeimpactedincludepopulation,employment,fishandwildliferesources,businessactivity,land-usepatterns,tourism,housing,taxes,andavailabilityofgovernmentservices(education,fireandpoliceprotection,transportation,etc.)andutilities.Thetabledevelopedinworkitem2b.willbeusedextensively(conditionsmostlikelytobeimpactedbyalternativeprojects).b.Thenatureanddegreeofpotentialimpactswillbedeterminedforeachalternativebylocalarea,region,andstate.Potentialimpactsforeachalternativewillbeshowninmatrixformatlocal,regional,andstatelevelsofgeographicaggregation.Totheextentavailableinformationpermits,anattemptwillbemadetoshowimpactsbyprojectphase.2Todeterminepotentialimpacts,theeconomicandsocialimplicationofeachalternativewillbemeasuredquantitatively.Thenatureanddegreeofpotentialimpactswillalsobedeterminedbyprojectphaseaccordingtothecharacterofavailableinformation.2EachalternativedamTestingConceptualizationConstructionOperatingprojecthas4phases:andDesign5-211conditionsmostlikelytobeimpactedbythebroadrangeofalternativeprojects.c.Datacollectionguideswillbedevelopedtogatherinforma-tionnecessarytosupporttheproductionofdetailedprofilesofsocioeconomicconditionsmostlikelytobeimpacted.d.Datacollectionguideswillbeimplemented;informationwillbegatheredatlocal,regional,andstatelevels.e.Informationwillbecompiledinaformatconducivetoprofiledevelopment.f.Detailedprofileswillbedevelopedfromtheinformationpresentedine.aboveandalsofromthegeneralprofilesdevelopedinlc.(3)PreliminarySocioeconomicImpactStudiesForhydroelectricalternativestobeevaluatedinSubtask7.03,potentialsocioeconomicimpactissuesandtheirrelativemagnitudeswillbeidentifiedinworkitem2b.OtherSusitnaProjectTeammemberswillthenprovideanarrowrangeofalternativedamprojects.Itisanticipatedthatasfewasoneortwoalternativeprojectswillremainatthisstateofthestudy.Therewillbesubstantialphysicalspecificationandotherinformationmadeavailableoneachalternativeprojectbytheseteammembers,includingtransmissioncorridorsandaccessroadroutes.a.Socioeconomicconditionsmostlikelytobeimpactedwillbeidentifiedforeachalternative,bylocalarea,region,andstate.Conditionsthatmightbeimpactedincludepopulation,employment,fishandwildliferesources,businessactivity,land-usepatterns,tourism,housing,taxes,andavailabilityofgovernmentservices(education,fireandpoliceprotection,transportation,etc.)andutilities.Thetabledevelopedinworkitem2b.willbeusedextensively(conditionsmostlikelytobeimpactedbyalternativeprojects).b.Thenatureanddegreeofpotentialimpactswillbedeterminedforeachalternativebylocalarea,region,andstate.Potentialimpactsforeachalternativewillbeshowninmatrixformatlocal,regional,andstatelevelsofgeographicaggregation.Totheextentavailableinformationpermits,anattemptwillbemadetoshowimpactsbyprojectphase.2Todeterminepotentialimpacts,theeconomicandsocialimplicationofeachalternativewillbemeasuredquantitatively.Thenatureanddegreeofpotentialimpactswillalsobedeterminedbyprojectphaseaccordingtothecharacterofavailableinformation.2EachalternativedamTestingConceptualizationConstructionOperatingprojecthas4phases:andDesign5-211 c.Theimpactsofalternativeprojectswillbepresentedinmatrixformbylocalarea,region,andstate.Thisformofpresentationwillbeusefulinscreeningthealternativeprojectsforsocioeconomicconsiderations.Intheaccompanyingtextdiscussion,emphasiswillbeplacedonpreliminaryevaluationoftheimpactsassociatedwiththea1ternativeselected.d.Afteroneofthealternativeprojectsisselected,anduponcompletionofworkpackage4(below),thepotentialimpactsoftheselectedalternativewillbesubjectedtopreliminaryanalysis.Anticipateddeviationsinthebaselineforecastofeconomicandsocialconditionswillbediscussed.SUchdeviationswillbefurtherrefinedandelaboratedinPhaseII(post-licenseapplicationstudies).(4)ForecastofFutureSocioeconomicConditionsintheAbsenceofthe$usltnaProjecta.StudiesandmethodsforforecastingAlaskansocioeconomicconditionswillbeidentifiedandinvestigatedbyinteractingwithknowledgeab1epub1icandprivateeconomists.Alistofstudiesandforecastingapproacheswillbedeveloped.Nextthestudieswillbeevaluatedusing,asaminimum,thefollowingcriteria:-geographicdisaggregationofresults,-methodology,-forecastofconditions(variables),-recencyofstudy.Thechosenmethodology(s)willbemodifiedtobeconsistentwiththecriteria.Therevisedmethodology(s)willbeimplementedtoproduceabaselineforecastofsocioeconomicconditions.5-212c.Theimpactsofalternativeprojectswillbepresentedinmatrixformbylocalarea,region,andstate.Thisformofpresentationwillbeusefulinscreeningthealternativeprojectsforsocioeconomicconsiderations.Intheaccompanyingtextdiscussion,emphasiswillbeplacedonpreliminaryevaluationoftheimpactsassociatedwiththea1ternativeselected.d.Afteroneofthealternativeprojectsisselected,anduponcompletionofworkpackage4(below),thepotentialimpactsoftheselectedalternativewillbesubjectedtopreliminaryanalysis.Anticipateddeviationsinthebaselineforecastofeconomicandsocialconditionswillbediscussed.SuchdeviationswillbefurtherrefinedandelaboratedinPhaseII(post-licenseapplicationstudies).(4)ForecastofFutureSocioeconomicConditionsintheAbsenceofthe$usltnaProjecta.StudiesandmethodsforforecastingAlaskansocioeconomicconditionswillbeidentifiedandinvestigatedbyinteractingwithknowledgeab1epub1icandprivateeconomists.Alistofstudiesandforecastingapproacheswillbedeveloped.Nextthestudieswillbeevaluatedusing,asaminimum,thefollowingcriteria:-geographicdisaggregationofresults,-methodology,-forecastofconditions(variables),-recencyofstudy.Thechosenmethodology(s)willbemodifiedtobeconsistentwiththecriteria.Therevisedmethodology(s)willbeimplementedtoproduceabaselineforecastofsocioeconomicconditions.5-212 Subtask7.06-CulturalResourcesInvestigation(a)ObjectiveToidentifythe archeologicalandhistoricalresourcesoftheprojectstudyareaandtoproposemitigationmeasurestolessentheimpactofground-disturbingpreconstructionandconstructionactivities.(b)ApproachTheCulturalResourceInvestigationisdesignedtofulfilltheculturalresourceobligationforboththelicensingandconstructionphasesofthisproject,throughpre-licenseapplication(PhaseI)andpost-licenseapplication(PhaseII)efforts.CulturalresourcesexpertsattheUniversityofAlaskaMuseumwillexecuteanintensivefive-stepresearcheffortspecificallytosatisfybothstateandfederallegislationpertinenttoculturalresources.Thefivestepsare(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)preparationforfieldstudies,reconnaissancelevelarcheologicalsurveyofprojectareas,intensivetestingofarcheologicalandhistoricsitesdiscoveredduringStep(2),finalreportpreparation,andregistrationofallcollectionsinaccordancewithstateandfederalrequirementspertinenttothepreservationofantiquities.(c)DiscussionAstheSusitnaHydropowerProjectisafederallylicensedprojectfortheStateofAlaska,thelegalframeworkandauthorityfortheconsiderationofculturalresourcesarespelledoutinanumberoffederalandstateregulations.Asearlyas1906theAntiquitiesAct(P.L.59-209)directsthepreservationofculturalresourcesonpubliclands.TheHistoricPreservationActof1935(P.L.74-292)requiresthepreservationofproperties"ofnationalhistoricalorarcheologi-calsignificanceandauthorizedinteragency,intergovernmental,andinterdisciplinaryeffortsforthepreservationofsuchresources."TheReservoirSalvageActof1960(P.L.86-523)providesfortherecoveryandpreservationof"historicalandarcheologicaldata"thatmightbelostordestroyedasaresultoftheconstructionoffederallyfundedorlicenseddams,reservoirs,andattendantfacilitiesandactivities.Thislawwasextensivelyamendedin1974.TheHistoricPreservationActof1966(P.L.89-655)declaresittobeanationalpolicytopreserveandprotecthistoricandprehistoricsites,buildings,andobjectsofnaturalsignificance.ContinuingwiththispolicytheNationalEnvironmentalPolicyActof1969(P.L.91-180)requiresevaluationoftheeffectsofmajorfederalactionsontheenvironmentincludingculturalresources.TheArcheologicalandHistoricPreservationActof1974(P.L.93-291)isanamendmenttotheReservoirSalvageActof1960.The1974Actprovidesfortheprotectionofhistoricandarcheologicalsites5-213Subtask7.06-CulturalResourcesInvestigation(a)ObjectiveToidentifythe archeologicalandhistoricalresourcesoftheprojectstudyareaandtoproposemitigationmeasurestolessentheimpactofground-disturbingpreconstructionandconstructionactivities.(b)ApproachTheCulturalResourceInvestigationisdesignedtofulfilltheculturalresourceobligationforboththelicensingandconstructionphasesofthisproject,throughpre-licenseapplication(PhaseI)andpost-licenseapplication(PhaseII)efforts.CulturalresourcesexpertsattheUniversityofAlaskaMuseumwillexecuteanintensivefive-stepresearcheffortspecificallytosatisfybothstateandfederallegislationpertinenttoculturalresources.Thefivestepsare(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)preparationforfieldstudies,reconnaissancelevelarcheologicalsurveyofprojectareas,intensivetestingofarcheologicalandhistoricsitesdiscoveredduringStep(2),finalreportpreparation,andregistrationofallcollectionsinaccordancewithstateandfederalrequirementspertinenttothepreservationofantiquities.(c)DiscussionAstheSusitnaHydropowerProjectisafederallylicensedprojectfortheStateofAlaska,thelegalframeworkandauthorityfortheconsiderationofculturalresourcesarespelledoutinanumberoffederalandstateregulations.Asearlyas1906theAntiquitiesAct(P.L.59-209)directsthepreservationofculturalresourcesonpubliclands.TheHistoricPreservationActof1935(P.L.74-292)requiresthepreservationofproperties"ofnationalhistoricalorarcheologi-calsignificanceandauthorizedinteragency,intergovernmental,andinterdisciplinaryeffortsforthepreservationofsuchresources."TheReservoirSalvageActof1960(P.L.86-523)providesfortherecoveryandpreservationof"historicalandarcheologicaldata"thatmightbelostordestroyedasaresultoftheconstructionoffederallyfundedorlicenseddams,reservoirs,andattendantfacilitiesandactivities.Thislawwasextensivelyamendedin1974.TheHistoricPreservationActof1966(P.L.89-655)declaresittobeanationalpolicytopreserveandprotecthistoricandprehistoricsites,buildings,andobjectsofnaturalsignificance.ContinuingwiththispolicytheNationalEnvironmentalPolicyActof1969(P.L.91-180)requiresevaluationoftheeffectsofmajorfederalactionsontheenvironmentincludingculturalresources.TheArcheologicalandHistoricPreservationActof1974(P.L.93-291)isanamendmenttotheReservoirSalvageActof1960.The1974Actprovidesfortheprotectionofhistoricandarcheologicalsites5-213 ....whichmightotherwisebeirreparablylostordestroyedasaresultof(1)flooding,thebuildingofaccessroads,theerectionofworkman'scommunities,therelocationofrailroadsandhighways,andotheralterationsofterrain,causedbytheconstructionofadamofanyagencyor(2)anyalterationoftheterraincausedasaresultofanyfederalconstructionprojectorfederallylicensedactiv-ityorprogram.(Sec.1).Section7oftheActauthorizesuptoonepercentofthetotalbudgetofafederallyfundedorlicensedprojecttobeallocatedforarcheologicalsurvey,recovery,analysisandpublication.ExecutiveOrder11593directsallfederalagenciestomakeaninventoryofhistoricandprehistoricpropertiesundertheircontrolandtonominateeligiblepropertiestotheNationalRegisterofHistoricPlaces,andtogivepriorityinventorytofederally-ownedpropertiestobetransferredand/oraltered.TheAlaskaHistoricPreservationActof1975reflectsthesamespiritconcerningculturalresourcesasthefederalregulations.ItisthegeneralpolicyoftheStateofAlaskathatbeforeanyconstructionofpublicimprovementofanynatureisundertakenbythestate,byagovernmentalagencyofthestate,orbyaprivatepersonundercontractwithorlicensedbythestate,theculturalresourcesmustbeconsidered.SpecificculturalresourcepreservationeffortsarerequiredbyfederalandstatelawtosatisfylicensingrequirementsfortheSusitnaHydropowerProject.Thesetasksincludeasaminimum(1)Identificationanddocumentationofculturalresourceswithinprojectareasand(2)formulationandexplicationofrecommendationsformitigationforeachhistoricorarcheologicalsiteidentified.However,theinitialstudiesessentialtomeetlicensingrequirementsmayhavedirectimpactonculturalresourceswhichmayposeimmediateadverseeffects.Examplesofsuchactivitiesareconstructionofcampstohousestudypersonnel,testholestolocateproposedborrowareas,accessroadstostudylocales,etc.Anyproposaltoidentifyculturalresourcesandmakerecommendationsforpreservationmustbestructuredinsuchafashionastopermitmitigationofpotentialdamagetoarcheologicalandhistoricsitesduringthecourseoftheimpactstudy.Ifsuchmitigationproceduresarenotincorporatedintotheproposedactionforhistoricpreserva-tion,needlessdelaysandunnecessaryadditionalcostswillbeinevitable.Thishasbeenrepeatedlydemonstratedinotherlargeconstructionprojectswhichhaverequiredtheidentificationandmitigationofculturalresourcesforlicensing.ThisPlanofStudyforeseesthisneedandprovidesmethodsbywhichthesedelayscanbeavoided.Theproposedhistoricpreservationeffortsshouldbeconceptuallydividedinto(1)theeffortnecessarytoobtainthelicense,(2)theeffortnecessarytomitigatepossibleadverseeffectsduringthecourseofthestudyessentialtoobtainthelicense,and(3)effortnecessarytomitigatedamagetoallhistoricandprehistoricsitesthatwillbeimpactedbytheconstruction.5-214....whichmightotherwisebeirreparablylostordestroyedasaresultof(1)flooding,thebuildingofaccessroads,theerectionofworkman'scommunities,therelocationofrailroadsandhighways,andotheralterationsofterrain,causedbytheconstructionofadamofanyagencyor(2)anyalterationoftheterraincausedasaresultofanyfederalconstructionprojectorfederallylicensedactiv-ityorprogram.(Sec.1).Section7oftheActauthorizesuptoonepercentofthetotalbudgetofafederallyfundedorlicensedprojecttobeallocatedforarcheologicalsurvey,recovery,analysisandpublication.ExecutiveOrder11593directsallfederalagenciestomakeaninventoryofhistoricandprehistoricpropertiesundertheircontrolandtonominateeligiblepropertiestotheNationalRegisterofHistoricPlaces,andtogivepriorityinventorytofederally-ownedpropertiestobetransferredand/oraltered.TheAlaskaHistoricPreservationActof1975reflectsthesamespiritconcerningculturalresourcesasthefederalregulations.ItisthegeneralpolicyoftheStateofAlaskathatbeforeanyconstructionofpublicimprovementofanynatureisundertakenbythestate,byagovernmentalagencyofthestate,orbyaprivatepersonundercontractwithorlicensedbythestate,theculturalresourcesmustbeconsidered.SpecificculturalresourcepreservationeffortsarerequiredbyfederalandstatelawtosatisfylicensingrequirementsfortheSusitnaHydropowerProject.Thesetasksincludeasaminimum(1)Identificationanddocumentationofculturalresourceswithinprojectareasand(2)formulationandexplicationofrecommendationsformitigationforeachhistoricorarcheologicalsiteidentified.However,theinitialstudiesessentialtomeetlicensingrequirementsmayhavedirectimpactonculturalresourceswhichmayposeimmediateadverseeffects.Examplesofsuchactivitiesareconstructionofcampstohousestudypersonnel,testholestolocateproposedborrowareas,accessroadstostudylocales,etc.Anyproposaltoidentifyculturalresourcesandmakerecommendationsforpreservationmustbestructuredinsuchafashionastopermitmitigationofpotentialdamagetoarcheologicalandhistoricsitesduringthecourseoftheimpactstudy.Ifsuchmitigationproceduresarenotincorporatedintotheproposedactionforhistoricpreserva-tion,needlessdelaysandunnecessaryadditionalcostswillbeinevitable.Thishasbeenrepeatedlydemonstratedinotherlargeconstructionprojectswhichhaverequiredtheidentificationandmitigationofculturalresourcesforlicensing.ThisPlanofStudyforeseesthisneedandprovidesmethodsbywhichthesedelayscanbeavoided.Theproposedhistoricpreservationeffortsshouldbeconceptuallydividedinto(1)theeffortnecessarytoobtainthelicense,(2)theeffortnecessarytomitigatepossibleadverseeffectsduringthecourseofthestudyessentialtoobtainthelicense,and(3)effortnecessarytomitigatedamagetoallhistoricandprehistoricsitesthatwillbeimpactedbytheconstruction.5-214 (d)ScheduleWeeks8through117.(e)DetailedScopeofWork(1)SynopsisTheUniversityMuseumwillexecuteafive-stepresearcheffortspecificallydesignedtosatisfybothstateandfederallegislationpertinenttoculturalresources.Thefivestepsareasfollows:StepIStepIIStepIIIStepIVEssentialprefieldseasontasks:literaturereview,analysisofthedatabase,developmentofaresearchdesignandsamplingstrategy,recruitmentofpersonnelandstagingforfieldwork.Reconnaissance-levelarcheologicalsurveyofprojectareasbasedonprioritiesdeterminedbythesequenceofconstructionevents.Theneedsofthespecificstudyteamsengagedtosatisfylicensingrequirementswillobtainhighestpriority.Itisimpossibleatthispointtoprojecttemporalandfiscalrequirementsformitigationeffortsforadverselyaffectedsitesduringthecourseofpre-licensestudies.Mitigationefforts,ifrequired,willbeconductedonacostreimbursablebasisduringthisstep.IntensivetestingofarcheologicalandhistoricsitesdiscoveredduringStepII.Thistestingeffortisessentialtodetermineboththehorizontalandverticaldimensionsofspecificsites,andtoestimatewithreasonableaccuracythekindsofmaterialscontainedwithinthem.Thisinformationisnecessarytodelineatemitigationmeasuresforanysitespotentiallysubjecttoadverseeffects.StepIItasksmaycontinuesimultaneouslywithStepIIIactivities.Finalreportpreparation.Thefinalreportwillataminimumprovidethelocationanddescriptionofeveryarcheologicalandhistoricsiterecordedduringthecourseofthestudy.Itwi11alsoproviderecommendationsformitigatingadverseeffectstositeswhichmaybesubjecttodisturbanceordestructionduringconstructionactivitiesbaseduponthedataderivedfromStepsIIandIII.ThePhaseIreportwillbebasedonallinformationthatisavailableattheendoftwoyearsofinvestigation,andwi11discussasmanysitesaspossib1e.Informationnotavailableatthistimewillbe5-215(d)ScheduleWeeks8through117.(e)DetailedScopeofWork(1)SynopsisTheUniversityMuseumwillexecuteafive-stepresearcheffortspecificallydesignedtosatisfybothstateandfederallegislationpertinenttoculturalresources.Thefivestepsareasfollows:StepIStepIIStepIIIStepIVEssentialprefieldseasontasks:literaturereview,analysisofthedatabase,developmentofaresearchdesignandsamplingstrategy,recruitmentofpersonnelandstagingforfieldwork.Reconnaissance-levelarcheologicalsurveyofprojectareasbasedonprioritiesdeterminedbythesequenceofconstructionevents.Theneedsofthespecificstudyteamsengagedtosatisfylicensingrequirementswillobtainhighestpriority.Itisimpossibleatthispointtoprojecttemporalandfiscalrequirementsformitigationeffortsforadverselyaffectedsitesduringthecourseofpre-licensestudies.Mitigationefforts,ifrequired,willbeconductedonacostreimbursablebasisduringthisstep.IntensivetestingofarcheologicalandhistoricsitesdiscoveredduringStepII.Thistestingeffortisessentialtodetermineboththehorizontalandverticaldimensionsofspecificsites,andtoestimatewithreasonableaccuracythekindsofmaterialscontainedwithinthem.Thisinformationisnecessarytodelineatemitigationmeasuresforanysitespotentiallysubjecttoadverseeffects.StepIItasksmaycontinuesimultaneouslywithStepIIIactivities.Finalreportpreparation.Thefinalreportwillataminimumprovidethelocationanddescriptionofeveryarcheologicalandhistoricsiterecordedduringthecourseofthestudy.Itwi11alsoproviderecommendationsformitigatingadverseeffectstositeswhichmaybesubjecttodisturbanceordestructionduringconstructionactivitiesbaseduponthedataderivedfromStepsIIandIII.ThePhaseIreportwillbebasedonallinformationthatisavailableattheendoftwoyearsofinvestigation,andwi11discussasmanysitesaspossib1e.Informationnotavailableatthistimewillbe5-215 StepVreportedinasubsequentreportasapartofthePhaseIIeffort.ThePhaseIreportwillprovideadescriptionofthetypesofinformationthatwouldbeforthcominginsubsequentreports.AllrecoveredartifactualmaterialandsupportingdocumentationwillbedepositedwiththeUniversityofAlaskaMuseumandwillberetainedaspublicinformationwithintheStateofAlaska.Thecollectionsandsupportingdocumentationwillberegisteredandrecordedinaccordancewithstateandfederalrequirementspertinenttothepreservationofantiquities.EffectivehistoricalpreservationeffortsmustbecoordinatedwithotheraspectsoftheSusitnaHydropowerProject.TheUniversityMuseumwillmakeeveryreasonableattempttoanticipatetheneedsoftheprojectpertinenttoculturalresources.However,itwillbetheresponsibilityoftheprimecontractortocoordinatebetweensubcontractorsandtoprovidetheschedulinginformationessentialtoanticipateanddealeffectivelywiththeseneeds.(2)DiscussionofStepsa.PrefieldSeasonTasksPriortoinitiatingfieldinvestigationsduringthesummerof1980,theUniversityofAlaskaMuseumwillexecutethefollowingtasks:-Applyfor,andsecureaFederalAntiquitiesPermitandstatedocumentsthatmaybenecessaryforthearcheologicalportionoftheproject.(OfficeofArcheologyandHistoricPreservation,InteragencyServicesDivision,NationalParkService,U.S.DepartmentoftheInterior,Washington,D.C.20204;StateArcheologist'sOffice,StateofAlaska,DepartmentofNatural-Resources,StateDivisionofParks,Anchorage,Alaska).-Conductanexhaustiveliteraturereviewofavailabledocumentsthatpertaintothehistory,prehistory,ethno9raphy,geology,flora,fauna,andlatePleistoceneandHolocenegeologyoftheareascoveredbythisproject.MuseumstaffwillutilizetheresourcesoftheUniversityofAlaskaLibraryandArchives,datafilesoftheUniversityMuseum,andrecordsattheStateOfficeofHistoryandArcheology.Consultationwithotherprofessionalswhohaveworkedinorhaveknowledgeofthestudyareawillbeutilizedasnecessary.-Theresultsoftheliteraturesearchwillbeusedtosynthesizetheregionalandlocalculturalchronologyofthestudyareaaswellastoprovidethebasisfortheresearchdesign.-Airphotosofthestudyareawillbeexaminedandtheirinterpretationwillfocusontheidentificationofprobableareascontainingculturalresources.5-216StepVreportedinasubsequentreportasapartofthePhaseIIeffort.ThePhaseIreportwillprovideadescriptionofthetypesofinformationthatwouldbeforthcominginsubsequentreports.AllrecoveredartifactualmaterialandsupportingdocumentationwillbedepositedwiththeUniversityofAlaskaMuseumandwillberetainedaspublicinformationwithintheStateofAlaska.Thecollectionsandsupportingdocumentationwillberegisteredandrecordedinaccordancewithstateandfederalrequirementspertinenttothepreservationofantiquities.EffectivehistoricalpreservationeffortsmustbecoordinatedwithotheraspectsoftheSusitnaHydropowerProject.TheUniversityMuseumwillmakeeveryreasonableattempttoanticipatetheneedsoftheprojectpertinenttoculturalresources.However,itwillbetheresponsibilityoftheprimecontractortocoordinatebetweensubcontractorsandtoprovidetheschedulinginformationessentialtoanticipateanddealeffectivelywiththeseneeds.(2)DiscussionofStepsa.PrefieldSeasonTasksPriortoinitiatingfieldinvestigationsduringthesummerof1980,theUniversityofAlaskaMuseumwillexecutethefollowingtasks:-Applyfor,andsecureaFederalAntiquitiesPermitandstatedocumentsthatmaybenecessaryforthearcheologicalportionoftheproject.(OfficeofArcheologyandHistoricPreservation,InteragencyServicesDivision,NationalParkService,U.S.DepartmentoftheInterior,Washington,D.C.20204;StateArcheologist'sOffice,StateofAlaska,DepartmentofNatural-Resources,StateDivisionofParks,Anchorage,Alaska).-Conductanexhaustiveliteraturereviewofavailabledocumentsthatpertaintothehistory,prehistory,ethno9raphy,geology,flora,fauna,andlatePleistoceneandHolocenegeologyoftheareascoveredbythisproject.MuseumstaffwillutilizetheresourcesoftheUniversityofAlaskaLibraryandArchives,datafilesoftheUniversityMuseum,andrecordsattheStateOfficeofHistoryandArcheology.Consultationwithotherprofessionalswhohaveworkedinorhaveknowledgeofthestudyareawillbeutilizedasnecessary.-Theresultsoftheliteraturesearchwillbeusedtosynthesizetheregionalandlocalculturalchronologyofthestudyareaaswellastoprovidethebasisfortheresearchdesign.-Airphotosofthestudyareawillbeexaminedandtheirinterpretationwillfocusontheidentificationofprobableareascontainingculturalresources.5-216 -Knownhistoricandarcheologicalsiteswillbeplottedon1:63,360scalemaps.Eachresourcewillbespecificallyidentified.Apreliminaryaerialreconnaissanceoftheprojectareawillbeconducted.-Utilizingtheinformationbaseproducedbytheaboveresearch,aresearchdesignwillbedevelopedtoincludeasoundprofessionalsamplingstrategyspecificallydesignedfortheuniqueneedsofthisproject.-Followingformulationoftheresearchdesignandsamplingdesigns,thePrincipalInvestigatorandProjectSupervisorwillrecruitessentialpersonnelforthefieldportionofthisproject.Itisestimatedthattheseprefieldseasontaskswilltakeapproximatelyfivemonths.Uponcompletionoftheprefieldtasks(StepI),thenecessarypersonnelanddatabasewillbeutilizedforthereconnaissancelevelsurvey(StepII),andformitigationofadverseeffectsonculturalresourceswhichmaypossiblybeaffectedasaresultofthelicensingstudy.b.ArcheologicalReconnaissanceThepurposeofthisstepistoidentify,locate,andinventoryarcheologicalandhistoricalsites.Thesesiteswilllaterbesubjecttomoreintensivestudy.Asspecifiedin36CFR66intheFederalRegister,Vol.42No.19,areconnaissancelevelsurveyshouldbeusedonlyasapreliminarytoolpriortointensivesurvey.TheinformationgatheredduringStepIIofthisprojectwillformthedatabaseforintensivesurveyinStepIII.Asitisnottheintentofareconnaissancelevelsurveytocover100percentofthestudyarea,preselectedareasidentifiedintheresearchdesign(StepI)willbeselectedforsurvey.Withintheseareasfieldcrewswillimplementsurfaceandsubsurfacetestingproceduresinordertolocate,document,andinventoryhistoricandprehistoricsitesthatmayoccurinthestudyarea.Thissite-specificdatawillbeusedtodevelopanddirectStepIIIstudies.AerialreconnaissancewillbeconductedatthepreselectedareasinordertoenhancesitelocationduringStepII.Availableaerialphotographs,aswellasLANDSATphotos,willbereviewedforallpreselectedareastoaidinlocatingpotentialsiteareas.DuringStepIIthedamimpoundmentareasandassociatedfacilitieswillbefieldsurveyed.Theproposedprimarytransmissionroutewi11befie1dsurveyedata 1aterdate,aspartofthepost-licenseapplicationstudies.Basedonbothstateandfederalguidelinesasdiscussedinanearliersection,itispossiblethatpreconstructionstudiesmayhaveanadverseimpactonculturalresources.Theseinclude,butarenotlimitedto,theinstallationandoperationofseisimic5-217-Knownhistoricandarcheologicalsiteswillbeplottedon1:63,360scalemaps.Eachresourcewillbespecificallyidentified.Apreliminaryaerialreconnaissanceoftheprojectareawillbeconducted.-Utilizingtheinformationbaseproducedbytheaboveresearch,aresearchdesignwillbedevelopedtoincludeasoundprofessionalsamplingstrategyspecificallydesignedfortheuniqueneedsofthisproject.-Followingformulationoftheresearchdesignandsamplingdesigns,thePrincipalInvestigatorandProjectSupervisorwillrecruitessentialpersonnelforthefieldportionofthisproject.Itisestimatedthattheseprefieldseasontaskswilltakeapproximatelyfivemonths.Uponcompletionoftheprefieldtasks(StepI),thenecessarypersonnelanddatabasewillbeutilizedforthereconnaissancelevelsurvey(StepII),andformitigationofadverseeffectsonculturalresourceswhichmaypossiblybeaffectedasaresultofthelicensingstudy.b.ArcheologicalReconnaissanceThepurposeofthisstepistoidentify,locate,andinventoryarcheologicalandhistoricalsites.Thesesiteswilllaterbesubjecttomoreintensivestudy.Asspecifiedin36CFR66intheFederalRegister,Vol.42No.19,areconnaissancelevelsurveyshouldbeusedonlyasapreliminarytoolpriortointensivesurvey.TheinformationgatheredduringStepIIofthisprojectwillformthedatabaseforintensivesurveyinStepIII.Asitisnottheintentofareconnaissancelevelsurveytocover100percentofthestudyarea,preselectedareasidentifiedintheresearchdesign(StepI)willbeselectedforsurvey.Withintheseareasfieldcrewswillimplementsurfaceandsubsurfacetestingproceduresinordertolocate,document,andinventoryhistoricandprehistoricsitesthatmayoccurinthestudyarea.Thissite-specificdatawillbeusedtodevelopanddirectStepIIIstudies.AerialreconnaissancewillbeconductedatthepreselectedareasinordertoenhancesitelocationduringStepII.Availableaerialphotographs,aswellasLANDSATphotos,willbereviewedforallpreselectedareastoaidinlocatingpotentialsiteareas.DuringStepIIthedamimpoundmentareasandassociatedfacilitieswillbefieldsurveyed.Theproposedprimarytransmissionroutewi11befie1dsurveyedata 1aterdate,aspartofthepost-licenseapplicationstudies.Basedonbothstateandfederalguidelinesasdiscussedinanearliersection,itispossiblethatpreconstructionstudiesmayhaveanadverseimpactonculturalresources.Theseinclude,butarenotlimitedto,theinstallationandoperationofseisimic5-217 monitoringsystems,theexaminationoffoundationconditionsforaccessroadsandtransmissionlines,borrowpitexplorationandtesting,geophysicalsubsurfaceinvestigation,explorationandtestingfordamsitelocations,testinginassociationwiththeconstructionofanairstrip,constructionofaccessroadsintothestudyarea,movementofheavyequipmentintoandwithinthestudyarea,oranyotherpreconstructionactivitiesthatwouldcreatesubsurfacedisturbancesandhencehavethepotentialofdestroyingculturalresources.DuringStepIIeveryeffortwillbemadetoworkwithotherprofessionalsinvolvedintheSusitnaHydropowerProject,toseethatanarcheologicalsurveyisconductedearlyineachgrounddisturbingactivitysoastobecompatiblewiththeneedsofotherportionsoftheproject.Ifanyarcheologicalsitesarefoundduringthecourseofthesurveyinareasslatedforsubsurfacedisturbanceduringpreconstructionactivities,itwillbenecessary·toundertakeimmediatemitigatingmeasures.AllarcheologicalandhistoricalsitesthatwillbeadverselyimpactedbythelicensingstudyforthisprojectwillbemitigatedinconnectionwiththeregulationsoftheAdvisoryCouncilonHistoricPreservation.Thesemeasuresincludeavoidance,preservation,andexcavation.Ifexcavationisrecommended,thenitwillbenecessarytodeployacrewtoeachsitespecifiedforthisprocedure.Asitisnotknownhowmanyandhowlargethesesitesmightbe,alineitemforexcavationcannotbeincludedinthisproposal.Instead,itisproposedthatifitshouldbecomenecessarytoexcavateanysitethatwillbeadverselyimpactedbypreconstructionstudies,thecostofadditionalpersonnelandequipmentwillbecoveredonacostreimbursablebasis.c.IntensiveSurveyStepIIIconsi~tsofintensivetestingofsiteslocatedduringthereconnaissancesurvey(StepII)oftheproject.Gridswillbeestablishedateachsiteandasamplingschemeappliedfortesting.Eachsquareselectedfortestexcavationwillbesystematicallyexcavatedandallartifactsandfeaturesrecorded,usingstandardarcheologicalfieldmethods.Sitemapsandsoilprofileswillalsobeprepared.Photographswillbetakentodocumentartifactsandfeaturesinsituaswellastodocumentthesiteanditslocation.Sitelimitswillbedelineatedanddatawillberecoveredforanalysisandevaluation.Basedontheanalysisofthismaterial,NationalRegistercriteriawillbeappliedtoseeifthesiteiseligibleforinclusionintheNationalRegisterofHistoricPlacesasspecifiedinthefederalregulationsthatapplytothisproject.IntensivetestingwillalsoprovidethemeansforevaluatingtheeffectsofthepreconstructionandconstructionphasesoftheSusitnaHydropowerProjectonculturalresources.Eachsitewillbeevaluatedandrecommendationsastomitigatingmeasureswillbemadeandincorporatedinto thefinalreport.Fieldcrews,and5-218monitoringsystems,theexaminationoffoundationconditionsforaccessroadsandtransmissionlines,borrowpitexplorationandtesting,geophysicalsubsurfaceinvestigation,explorationandtestingfordamsitelocations,testinginassociationwiththeconstructionofanairstrip,constructionofaccessroadsintothestudyarea,movementofheavyequipmentintoandwithinthestudyarea,oranyotherpreconstructionactivitiesthatwouldcreatesubsurfacedisturbancesandhencehavethepotentialofdestroyingculturalresources.DuringStepIIeveryeffortwillbemadetoworkwithotherprofessionalsinvolvedintheSusitnaHydropowerProject,toseethatanarcheologicalsurveyisconductedearlyineachgrounddisturbingactivitysoastobecompatiblewiththeneedsofotherportionsoftheproject.Ifanyarcheologicalsitesarefoundduringthecourseofthesurveyinareasslatedforsubsurfacedisturbanceduringpreconstructionactivities,itwillbenecessary·toundertakeimmediatemitigatingmeasures.AllarcheologicalandhistoricalsitesthatwillbeadverselyimpactedbythelicensingstudyforthisprojectwillbemitigatedinconnectionwiththeregulationsoftheAdvisoryCouncilonHistoricPreservation.Thesemeasuresincludeavoidance,preservation,andexcavation.Ifexcavationisrecommended,thenitwillbenecessarytodeployacrewtoeachsitespecifiedforthisprocedure.Asitisnotknownhowmanyandhowlargethesesitesmightbe,alineitemforexcavationcannotbeincludedinthisproposal.Instead,itisproposedthatifitshouldbecomenecessarytoexcavateanysitethatwillbeadverselyimpactedbypreconstructionstudies,thecostofadditionalpersonnelandequipmentwillbecoveredonacostreimbursablebasis.c.IntensiveSurveyStepIIIconsi~tsofintensivetestingofsiteslocatedduringthereconnaissancesurvey(StepII)oftheproject.Gridswillbeestablishedateachsiteandasamplingschemeappliedfortesting.Eachsquareselectedfortestexcavationwillbesystematicallyexcavatedandallartifactsandfeaturesrecorded,usingstandardarcheologicalfieldmethods.Sitemapsandsoilprofileswillalsobeprepared.Photographswillbetakentodocumentartifactsandfeaturesinsituaswellastodocumentthesiteanditslocation.Sitelimitswillbedelineatedanddatawillberecoveredforanalysisandevaluation.Basedontheanalysisofthismaterial,NationalRegistercriteriawillbeappliedtoseeifthesiteiseligibleforinclusionintheNationalRegisterofHistoricPlacesasspecifiedinthefederalregulationsthatapplytothisproject.IntensivetestingwillalsoprovidethemeansforevaluatingtheeffectsofthepreconstructionandconstructionphasesoftheSusitnaHydropowerProjectonculturalresources.Eachsitewillbeevaluatedandrecommendationsastomitigatingmeasureswillbemadeandincorporatedinto thefinalreport.Fieldcrews,and5-218 teamsconsistingofthreearcheologists,willfocusStepIIIeffortsonthedamsites,impoundmentareas,accessroads,stagingareas,camps,borrowpits,andotherpotentialgrounddisturbanceareas.d.AnalysisandReportPreparationThisstepisanintegralpartofeachstepoftheproject.Itentailscompilationoftheindividualreportsfortheotherstepsoftheprojectaswellassynthesizesalldatarecoveredandmakesappropriaterecommendationsformitigation,ifnecessary.StepIVisspeciallyaimedatthefinalanalysisoftheprojectintermsofsiteslocatedanddocumentedduringtheothersteps.Thefinalreportwillincludethelocation,description,andamitigationrecommendationforeachsitereportedduringStepsI,II,andIII.StepIVwillincludemitigationrecommendations,ifnecessary,forthesiteslocated,andanestimatedbudgetforanarcheologicalexcavationthatmustbedonepriortothestartofactualconstructionoftheHydropowerProjectasspecifiedbyfederalandstateregulations.Theoveralleffectivenessoftheresearchdesign,fieldprocedures,andanalysiswillbediscussed.Afull-scalereport,includingsectionsonthevegetation,fauna,geology,history,prehistory,andnativepopulationwillbepartofthereport.Aspresentlyscheduled,theFERClicenseapplicationwillbepreparedpriortothecompletionoftheCulturalResourcesAnalysis.TheculturalresourcessectionoftheexhibitwillbebasedonthePhaseIFinalReport.Thisreportwillincluderecommendationsonasmanysitesaspossibleandwillbebasedonalltheinformationthatisavailableatthetimeofreportpreparation(i.e.aftertwoyearsofinvestigation).Thereare,however,constraintswhichwillmakeitimpossibleto.providecertaincriticalinformationuntilPhaseII.Onesuchconstraintisthetimerequiredtoobtainradio-carbondeterminationsfromsamplescollectedduringthe1981fieldseason.ThePhaseIfinalreportwillincludeadescriptionofinformationtobeprovidedduringPhaseII.Inaddition,aPlanofStudyforPhaseIIoftheCulturalResourcesInvestigationwillbedevelopedneartheendofPhaseI.ThePlanofStudywillbeformulatedonthebasisofneedsthatbecomeapparentduringPhaseI.e.RecordingofRecoveredCollectionsandSupportingDocumentationRecordingofrecoveredartifactualmaterialandassociatedcontextualdatawillbeanongoingprogramthroughoutthedurationoftheproject.WiththeUniversityofAlaskaMuseumperformingthearcheologicalinvestigations,therewillbenopackagingandshippingcoststothedesignatedrepositoryornecessitytoinventorytheincomingcollection.AllrecoveredmaterialandsupportingdocumentationwillbehousedattheUniversityofAlaskaMuseumandregisteredinaccordancewithstateandfederalrequirementspertinenttothepreservationofantiquities.5-219teamsconsistingofthreearcheologists,willfocusStepIIIeffortsonthedamsites,impoundmentareas,accessroads,stagingareas,camps,borrowpits,andotherpotentialgrounddisturbanceareas.d.AnalysisandReportPreparationThisstepisanintegralpartofeachstepoftheproject.Itentailscompilationoftheindividualreportsfortheotherstepsoftheprojectaswellassynthesizesalldatarecoveredandmakesappropriaterecommendationsformitigation,ifnecessary.StepIVisspeciallyaimedatthefinalanalysisoftheprojectintermsofsiteslocatedanddocumentedduringtheothersteps.Thefinalreportwillincludethelocation,description,andamitigationrecommendationforeachsitereportedduringStepsI,II,andIII.StepIVwillincludemitigationrecommendations,ifnecessary,forthesiteslocated,andanestimatedbudgetforanarcheologicalexcavationthatmustbedonepriortothestartofactualconstructionoftheHydropowerProjectasspecifiedbyfederalandstateregulations.Theoveralleffectivenessoftheresearchdesign,fieldprocedures,andanalysiswillbediscussed.Afull-scalereport,includingsectionsonthevegetation,fauna,geology,history,prehistory,andnativepopulationwillbepartofthereport.Aspresentlyscheduled,theFERClicenseapplicationwillbepreparedpriortothecompletionoftheCulturalResourcesAnalysis.TheculturalresourcessectionoftheexhibitwillbebasedonthePhaseIFinalReport.Thisreportwillincluderecommendationsonasmanysitesaspossibleandwillbebasedonalltheinformationthatisavailableatthetimeofreportpreparation(i.e.aftertwoyearsofinvestigation).Thereare,however,constraintswhichwillmakeitimpossibleto.providecertaincriticalinformationuntilPhaseII.Onesuchconstraintisthetimerequiredtoobtainradio-carbondeterminationsfromsamplescollectedduringthe1981fieldseason.ThePhaseIfinalreportwillincludeadescriptionofinformationtobeprovidedduringPhaseII.Inaddition,aPlanofStudyforPhaseIIoftheCulturalResourcesInvestigationwillbedevelopedneartheendofPhaseI.ThePlanofStudywillbeformulatedonthebasisofneedsthatbecomeapparentduringPhaseI.e.RecordingofRecoveredCollectionsandSupportingDocumentationRecordingofrecoveredartifactualmaterialandassociatedcontextualdatawillbeanongoingprogramthroughoutthedurationoftheproject.WiththeUniversityofAlaskaMuseumperformingthearcheologicalinvestigations,therewillbenopackagingandshippingcoststothedesignatedrepositoryornecessitytoinventorytheincomingcollection.AllrecoveredmaterialandsupportingdocumentationwillbehousedattheUniversityofAlaskaMuseumandregisteredinaccordancewithstateandfederalrequirementspertinenttothepreservationofantiquities.5-219 ·Subtask7.07-LandUseAnalysis(a)ObjectiveToevaluatepast,presentandfutureland-usetrends;tofacilitatetheidentificationofthemajorchangesinlandusethatwouldresultwiththedevelopmentoftheproject,andtomakepreliminaryidentifi-cationofthesechanges.(b)ApproachActualchangecausedbyprojectvera1changecausedbyprojectPropositionB(Futurelandusewithoutproject)Future1anduse(basedonprojectionsoflong-termtrends)PresentlanduseFuturechangewithoutprojectPropositionC(Theactualchangecausedbyproject)OverallchangecausedbyprojectFuturechanewithoutrojectTheapproachisbasicallyacomparisonoflandusetrendstodeterminethemajoreffectsoftheprojectwillhaveonthefuture1anduseofthearea,andemploysamodificationoftheMcHargOverlayTechnique.McHarghasbasicallyusedthesuperimpositionofoverlaysshowingspecificresourcevaluestodeterminewherethereisleastconflictwithexistingvalues.ThemodificationwillbetodevelopoverlayswhichgraphicallydepictPropositionsA-Cbelow;andthroughsuper-imposing.them,onewouldarriveattheActualChangeinLandUseCausedbytheProject.Thehistoricallandusetrendswillbedescribed;thepresentlanduseoftheprojectareawillbeexamined,andanattemptwi11bemadetoisolatethefactorsandmanagementdecisionsthathaveresultedinthelandusethatexists.ThefuturelanduseoftheareawithouttheprojectwillbepredictedonthebasisofinterviewswithMat-SuBoroughofficials,landowners,landmanagementandresourceagencies,andaconsiderationoftheresourcepotentialsand1imitations.Uniqueandsignificantscenicandnaturalfeaturesoftheareawillalsobeidentifiedforconsiderationduringtheimpactanalysis.Thechangesthatwillbeattributedtotheprojectinthefuture,andthesignificanceofthesechangescannotbeevaluatedwithoutconsiderationofthechangesthatwouldoccurwithout·theproject.Theevaluationprocessisillustratedbelow:PropositionA(Changefrompresentlanduse)Area1andusewithprojectArealandusewithoutro·ect5-220·Subtask7.07-LandUseAnalysis(a)ObjectiveToevaluatepast,presentandfutureland-usetrends;tofacilitatetheidentificationofthemajorchangesinlandusethatwouldresultwiththedevelopmentoftheproject,andtomakepreliminaryidentifi-cationofthesechanges.(b)ApproachActualchangecausedbyprojectvera1changecausedbyprojectPropositionB(Futurelandusewithoutproject)Future1anduse(basedonprojectionsoflong-termtrends)PresentlanduseFuturechangewithoutprojectPropositionC(Theactualchangecausedbyproject)OverallchangecausedbyprojectFuturechanewithoutrojectTheapproachisbasicallyacomparisonoflandusetrendstodeterminethemajoreffectsoftheprojectwillhaveonthefuture1anduseofthearea,andemploysamodificationoftheMcHargOverlayTechnique.McHarghasbasicallyusedthesuperimpositionofoverlaysshowingspecificresourcevaluestodeterminewherethereisleastconflictwithexistingvalues.ThemodificationwillbetodevelopoverlayswhichgraphicallydepictPropositionsA-Cbelow;andthroughsuper-imposing.them,onewouldarriveattheActualChangeinLandUseCausedbytheProject.Thehistoricallandusetrendswillbedescribed;thepresentlanduseoftheprojectareawillbeexamined,andanattemptwi11bemadetoisolatethefactorsandmanagementdecisionsthathaveresultedinthelandusethatexists.ThefuturelanduseoftheareawithouttheprojectwillbepredictedonthebasisofinterviewswithMat-SuBoroughofficials,landowners,landmanagementandresourceagencies,andaconsiderationoftheresourcepotentialsand1imitations.Uniqueandsignificantscenicandnaturalfeaturesoftheareawillalsobeidentifiedforconsiderationduringtheimpactanalysis.Thechangesthatwillbeattributedtotheprojectinthefuture,andthesignificanceofthesechangescannotbeevaluatedwithoutconsiderationofthechangesthatwouldoccurwithout·theproject.Theevaluationprocessisillustratedbelow:PropositionA(Changefrompresentlanduse)Area1andusewithprojectArealandusewithoutro·ect5-220 (c)DiscussionAnassessmentoftheeffectsofparticularlandusesonaspecificenvironmentalsettingisnotasimple,one-for-onerelationship.WhenonedisruptsanessentiallypristineenvironmenttodevelopamodernindustrialprojectsuchastheoneproposedfortheUpperSusitnaRiverBasin,manyenvironmentaldisturbancesoccur.Someofthesedisruptionsarepredictable.However,othersmayoccurwhicharenotanticipatedbecausetherearefew,ifany,previousexperiencesonwhichtheexpertscanrely.Onethenbeginstorelyontheoreticalmodels,integrationtechniques,andothertechnologicalthoughttogivea"bestjudgment"astowhatmighttakeplaceifcertainproposedactions(dambuilding,transmissionlines,roads,etc.)areimplemented.Land-useanalysisisonewayofobtainingoverviewofthesystematiceffectsofaproposeddevelopment;thespecificdetailsoftheprojectarethenfilledinbythespecialistsontheteam.Thisland-useanalysiswillevaluatethechangeinthepresentuseofthelandcausedbytheproposedprojectandwillprovidethebasisforsummarizingtheoverallimpactoftheproject,includingthedam,reservoir,transportationaccess,andtransmissioncorridor.Thisanalysisisdesignedtoprovideinformation(baselineandimpactassessment)thatwillsatisfyFERClicenseapplicationrequirements.(d)ScheduleWeeks8through117(e)DetailedScopeofWork(1)Synopsisa.Year1:PresentLandUse1.Detailedfieldproceduresmanualwillbedeveloped.2.Thestudyareawillbedefinedtoencompasstheactualareacoveredbytheprojectincludingthedams,reservoir,road,transmissioncorridor,andthecontiguouslandinfluencedbythesedevelopments.3.Priorlanduse(mapla-c)(a)Priortowhiteman(b)EarlywhitemanthroughWorldWarII(c)WorldWarIItopresent.4.Present1anduse(map2)(a)Aerialphotoandtopographicmapreconnaissanceofpresentlanduse(b)Aerialandgroundreconnaissanceofpresentlanduse(c)Inventoryofuniquescenic/naturalfeatures.5-221(c)DiscussionAnassessmentoftheeffectsofparticularlandusesonaspecificenvironmentalsettingisnotasimple,one-for-onerelationship.WhenonedisruptsanessentiallypristineenvironmenttodevelopamodernindustrialprojectsuchastheoneproposedfortheUpperSusitnaRiverBasin,manyenvironmentaldisturbancesoccur.Someofthesedisruptionsarepredictable.However,othersmayoccurwhicharenotanticipatedbecausetherearefew,ifany,previousexperiencesonwhichtheexpertscanrely.Onethenbeginstorelyontheoreticalmodels,integrationtechniques,andothertechnologicalthoughttogivea"bestjudgment"astowhatmighttakeplaceifcertainproposedactions(dambuilding,transmissionlines,roads,etc.)areimplemented.Land-useanalysisisonewayofobtainingoverviewofthesystematiceffectsofaproposeddevelopment;thespecificdetailsoftheprojectarethenfilledinbythespecialistsontheteam.Thisland-useanalysiswillevaluatethechangeinthepresentuseofthelandcausedbytheproposedprojectandwillprovidethebasisforsummarizingtheoverallimpactoftheproject,includingthedam,reservoir,transportationaccess,andtransmissioncorridor.Thisanalysisisdesignedtoprovideinformation(baselineandimpactassessment)thatwillsatisfyFERClicenseapplicationrequirements.(d)ScheduleWeeks8through117(e)DetailedScopeofWork(1)Synopsisa.Year1:PresentLandUse1.Detailedfieldproceduresmanualwillbedeveloped.2.Thestudyareawillbedefinedtoencompasstheactualareacoveredbytheprojectincludingthedams,reservoir,road,transmissioncorridor,andthecontiguouslandinfluencedbythesedevelopments.3.Priorlanduse(mapla-c)(a)Priortowhiteman(b)EarlywhitemanthroughWorldWarII(c)WorldWarIItopresent.4.Present1anduse(map2)(a)Aerialphotoandtopographicmapreconnaissanceofpresentlanduse(b)Aerialandgroundreconnaissanceofpresentlanduse(c)Inventoryofuniquescenic/naturalfeatures.5-221 5.Discussionwithpresentlandowners(a)Landownership(map3)(b)Existingresourcemanagementprograms(map4)(c)Defactoprograms(map4)(d)Communicateland-useconcernsoflandownerstoprojectspecialistsconcernedwithparticulartechnicalfields.6.Reviewaccesstransportationsystemandtransmissionlinecorridorintermsoflocationanddesignasitaffectsotherlanduses,asaninputintotheselectionanddesignprocess.b.Year2:FutureLandUseWithoutProject(map5)1.Mapanticipatedlandownershipchanges.Ifallnativeandstateselectionshavenotbeenconveyed,a"bestestimate"oflandownershipchangeswillbemade.2.Interviewlandownersandmanagers,boroughofficials,andstateandfederalagenciesonlong-rangeobjectives,existingproposalsforotherlanduses,andprojects(otherthanthehydroelectricone)alreadybeingplannedwithintheboundaries.3.Plotanticipatedchangesandreconciledifferencesinthesebasedonlandownershiprights,supportinglegislation,andtheprobabilityofimplementationoftheparticularprograms.TheoverlapandpotentialconflictbetweenprojectedchangeswillbeanalyzedusingtheMcHargoverlaytechnique.4.Usingpreliminaryprojectdesigninformation,aerialphotoandaerialreconnaissance,anddatageneratedbyotherdisciplines,anestimateofwhatchangesinlandusewillprobablyoccurwillbemade.(2)DiscussionofStepsa.IdentificationofStudyAreaThefirststepintheland-useanalysiswillbetheidentifica-tionoftheprojectareaboundaries.Theseboundarieswillincludeadjacentlandsthatwillbeaffectedorinfluencedbytheproject,aswellastheaccesstransportationsystemandtransmissioncorridorswhentheroutesforthesefacilitieshavebeenidentified.5-2225.Discussionwithpresentlandowners(a)Landownership(map3)(b)Existingresourcemanagementprograms(map4)(c)Defactoprograms(map4)(d)Communicateland-useconcernsoflandownerstoprojectspecialistsconcernedwithparticulartechnicalfields.6.Reviewaccesstransportationsystemandtransmissionlinecorridorintermsoflocationanddesignasitaffectsotherlanduses,asaninputintotheselectionanddesignprocess.b.Year2:FutureLandUseWithoutProject(map5)1.Mapanticipatedlandownershipchanges.Ifallnativeandstateselectionshavenotbeenconveyed,a"bestestimate"oflandownershipchangeswillbemade.2.Interviewlandownersandmanagers,boroughofficials,andstateandfederalagenciesonlong-rangeobjectives,existingproposalsforotherlanduses,andprojects(otherthanthehydroelectricone)alreadybeingplannedwithintheboundaries.3.Plotanticipatedchangesandreconciledifferencesinthesebasedonlandownershiprights,supportinglegislation,andtheprobabilityofimplementationoftheparticularprograms.TheoverlapandpotentialconflictbetweenprojectedchangeswillbeanalyzedusingtheMcHargoverlaytechnique.4.Usingpreliminaryprojectdesigninformation,aerialphotoandaerialreconnaissance,anddatageneratedbyotherdisciplines,anestimateofwhatchangesinlandusewillprobablyoccurwillbemade.(2)DiscussionofStepsa.IdentificationofStudyAreaThefirststepintheland-useanalysiswillbetheidentifica-tionoftheprojectareaboundaries.Theseboundarieswillincludeadjacentlandsthatwillbeaffectedorinfluencedbytheproject,aswellastheaccesstransportationsystemandtransmissioncorridorswhentheroutesforthesefacilitieshavebeenidentified.5-222 Thedownstreameffectswillalsobeconsideredintheoverallland-useanalysis.Theboundarieswillincludethefollowingzones:1.ProjectZone(actualoccupiedbyproject).2.ManagementZone(1andacquiredformanagementpurposessuchaswatershed,recreation,etc.).3.InfluenceZone(thatcontiguouslandwhoseusepatternswouldbeinfluencedbydevelopmentthattakesplacewithinZones1and2).b.PriorLandUsePastlandusewillbedescribedthroughareviewofhistoricaldocumentsusingarchives,developmentoforalhistoryusinginterviews,andreviewofadministrativefilesofmanagingagencies.Thedocumentationofthehistoricaloverviewoflanduseincludingthepre-whiteman,earlywhiteman,andmodernerasisessentialtounderstandingland-usetrendsiftheyaretobeadequatelyextrapolatedintothefuture.c.PresentLandUseThepresentland-useoftheprojectareawillbedeterminedbyutilizinganumberofsourcesofinformation.Thesesourceswillincludeaerialphotoandmapreconnaissance,vegetationcovermapsproducedbythePlantEcologyteam,discussionswithlandownersandgovernmentofficials,andafieldreviewofspecificlandusesidentifiedthroughthereconnaissanceanddiscussions.Apreliminarylistofpotentialagencycontactsispresentedinthenextsection.Existingresourcemanagementprograms,eitherplannedordefacto(theyexistbutwerenotplannedbytheagent)willbeidentifiedanddescribedindetail.Asapartofthetotalreconnaissance,uniquescenicandnaturalfeatureswithintheprojectboundarieswillbeidentifiedanddescribed.Thepreliminarylocationanddesignoftheaccesstransportationsystemandtransmissioncorridorwillbeevaluatedbytheland-useteamintermsoflong-termeffectsonlanduse.Furthermore,theland-useteamwillidentifyconcernsraisedbythelandownersandagenciesandcommunicatetheseconcernstoTES,whowillmakethemknowntotheappropriatedisciplines.d.FutureLandUseWithouttheProjectRegardlessofthestatusoftheproject,certainfuturechangeswilltakeplacewithintheprojectboundary.Theland-useteamwilldescribethesechangesthroughdocumentedlandownershipchanges,landowneroragencyinterviewstoascertainlong-rangeobjectives,projectsonthedrawingboard,andprojectsalreadyunderway.Thesewillpossiblyshowsomeoverlapandsubsequentlywillbereconciledbasedontheexistinglandownershiprights,supportinglegislation,andabestestimateoftheprobabilityoftheimplementationprogram(ifitisnotalreadyfunded).Itis5-223Thedownstreameffectswillalsobeconsideredintheoverallland-useanalysis.Theboundarieswillincludethefollowingzones:1.ProjectZone(actualoccupiedbyproject).2.ManagementZone(1andacquiredformanagementpurposessuchaswatershed,recreation,etc.).3.InfluenceZone(thatcontiguouslandwhoseusepatternswouldbeinfluencedbydevelopmentthattakesplacewithinZones1and2).b.PriorLandUsePastlandusewillbedescribedthroughareviewofhistoricaldocumentsusingarchives,developmentoforalhistoryusinginterviews,andreviewofadministrativefilesofmanagingagencies.Thedocumentationofthehistoricaloverviewoflanduseincludingthepre-whiteman,earlywhiteman,andmodernerasisessentialtounderstandingland-usetrendsiftheyaretobeadequatelyextrapolatedintothefuture.c.PresentLandUseThepresentland-useoftheprojectareawillbedeterminedbyutilizinganumberofsourcesofinformation.Thesesourceswillincludeaerialphotoandmapreconnaissance,vegetationcovermapsproducedbythePlantEcologyteam,discussionswithlandownersandgovernmentofficials,andafieldreviewofspecificlandusesidentifiedthroughthereconnaissanceanddiscussions.Apreliminarylistofpotentialagencycontactsispresentedinthenextsection.Existingresourcemanagementprograms,eitherplannedordefacto(theyexistbutwerenotplannedbytheagent)willbeidentifiedanddescribedindetail.Asapartofthetotalreconnaissance,uniquescenicandnaturalfeatureswithintheprojectboundarieswillbeidentifiedanddescribed.Thepreliminarylocationanddesignoftheaccesstransportationsystemandtransmissioncorridorwillbeevaluatedbytheland-useteamintermsoflong-termeffectsonlanduse.Furthermore,theland-useteamwillidentifyconcernsraisedbythelandownersandagenciesandcommunicatetheseconcernstoTES,whowillmakethemknowntotheappropriatedisciplines.d.FutureLandUseWithouttheProjectRegardlessofthestatusoftheproject,certainfuturechangeswilltakeplacewithintheprojectboundary.Theland-useteamwilldescribethesechangesthroughdocumentedlandownershipchanges,landowneroragencyinterviewstoascertainlong-rangeobjectives,projectsonthedrawingboard,andprojectsalreadyunderway.Thesewillpossiblyshowsomeoverlapandsubsequentlywillbereconciledbasedontheexistinglandownershiprights,supportinglegislation,andabestestimateoftheprobabilityoftheimplementationprogram(ifitisnotalreadyfunded).Itis5-223 essentialthatweaccountforthosechangesthatwouldhaveoccurredwithouttheprojectinordertodeterminetherealeffectsofthehydroelectricproject.e.PreliminaryIdentificationofProjectImpactsRealizingthatcertainconclusionswillbebasedonpreliminary·locationanddesignoftheprojectstructuresandsystems,theactualchangeinlandusecausedbytheprojectwillnotbetotallyanalyzeduntilPhaseII(post-licenseapplication)whenthefinallocationsanddesignsareselected.Themajorimpactsorchangesthatareexpectedtooccurasaresultoftheprojectwill,however,beidentifiedpreliminarilyattheendofPhaseI(i.e.,priortolicenseapplication).Thispreliminaryidentificationofchangeswillbedevelopedafterevaluatingtheresultsoftheofficeandfieldreconnaissance,theinterviewswithlandownersandlandmanagingandplanningagencies,andavailabledatageneratedbyotherdisciplinesincludingatleastthewildlifeecology,plantecology,andsocioeconomicgroups.Thepreliminaryidentificationofprojectimpactswillnotrepresentadetaileddescriptionoftheimpactsthatwillbeassociatedwiththeproject;insteaditwillbeutilizedinthedevelopmentofthePhaseIIPlanofStudytoassurethatadequateattentionisgiventothoseconcernsandpotentialimpactsthatareexpectedtobemostrelevantandsignificantwithrespecttotheconstructionandoperationoftheproject.(3)PreliminaryListofAgencyContactsFEDERALU.S.DepartmentoftheInteriorBureauofMinesMineralPotentialHeritageConservation&RecreationServiceRiverSurveyandUseU.S.Fish&WildlifeServiceEndangeredspeciesmanagement(Pere-grinefalcon)U.S.DepartmentofAgricultureSoilConservationServiceSusitnaBasinWaterStudyU.S.CorpsofEngineersRegionalwaterplanningFederalAviationAdministrationPresent&futureairportfacilities5-224essentialthatweaccountforthosechangesthatwouldhaveoccurredwithouttheprojectinordertodeterminetherealeffectsofthehydroelectricproject.e.PreliminaryIdentificationofProjectImpactsRealizingthatcertainconclusionswillbebasedonpreliminary·locationanddesignoftheprojectstructuresandsystems,theactualchangeinlandusecausedbytheprojectwillnotbetotallyanalyzeduntilPhaseII(post-licenseapplication)whenthefinallocationsanddesignsareselected.Themajorimpactsorchangesthatareexpectedtooccurasaresultoftheprojectwill,however,beidentifiedpreliminarilyattheendofPhaseI(i.e.,priortolicenseapplication).Thispreliminaryidentificationofchangeswillbedevelopedafterevaluatingtheresultsoftheofficeandfieldreconnaissance,theinterviewswithlandownersandlandmanagingandplanningagencies,andavailabledatageneratedbyotherdisciplinesincludingatleastthewildlifeecology,plantecology,andsocioeconomicgroups.Thepreliminaryidentificationofprojectimpactswillnotrepresentadetaileddescriptionoftheimpactsthatwillbeassociatedwiththeproject;insteaditwillbeutilizedinthedevelopmentofthePhaseIIPlanofStudytoassurethatadequateattentionisgiventothoseconcernsandpotentialimpactsthatareexpectedtobemostrelevantandsignificantwithrespecttotheconstructionandoperationoftheproject.(3)PreliminaryListofAgencyContactsFEDERALU.S.DepartmentoftheInteriorBureauofMinesMineralPotentialHeritageConservation&RecreationServiceRiverSurveyandUseU.S.Fish&WildlifeServiceEndangeredspeciesmanagement(Pere-grinefalcon)U.S.DepartmentofAgricultureSoilConservationServiceSusitnaBasinWaterStudyU.S.CorpsofEngineersRegionalwaterplanningFederalAviationAdministrationPresent&futureairportfacilities5-224 STATEDepartmentofNaturalResourcesDivisionofLandsStatelandmanagementDivisionofGeological&GeophysicalSurveysGeologichazardsDivisionofParksDe~artmentofFishandGame.RecreationplanningLanduserelatedtohuntingandfishing,keyhabitatDepartmentofCommunityandRegionalAffairsRegionalplanningUniversityofAlaskaUniversitylandmanagementDepartmentofTransportation&PublicFacilitiesTransportationplanningMUNICIPALMatanuska-SusitnaBoroughManagementofBoroughLandsTrapperCreekCommunityCouncilMontanaCreekCommunityCouncilCommunityinterestCommunityinterestHomemakersClub-TalkeetnaCommunityinterestPRIVATEAHTNA,Inc.Native1anduseandmanagementonUpperSusitnaHistorica1andpresent1anduseCookInletRegionIncNativelanduseandmanagementonMiddleSusitnaTalkeetnaAirTaxiHistoricalandpresent1anduseOtherairtaxiservices)AcklandHelicopterService)TokoshaCitizensCouncil)MontanaCreekDogmushers)5-225STATEDepartmentofNaturalResourcesDivisionofLandsStatelandmanagementDivisionofGeological&GeophysicalSurveysGeologichazardsDivisionofParksDe~artmentofFishandGame.RecreationplanningLanduserelatedtohuntingandfishing,keyhabitatDepartmentofCommunityandRegionalAffairsRegionalplanningUniversityofAlaskaUniversitylandmanagementDepartmentofTransportation&PublicFacilitiesTransportationplanningMUNICIPALMatanuska-SusitnaBoroughManagementofBoroughLandsTrapperCreekCommunityCouncilMontanaCreekCommunityCouncilCommunityinterestCommunityinterestHomemakersClub-TalkeetnaCommunityinterestPRIVATEAHTNA,Inc.Native1anduseandmanagementonUpperSusitnaHistorica1andpresent1anduseCookInletRegionIncNativelanduseandmanagementonMiddleSusitnaTalkeetnaAirTaxiHistoricalandpresent1anduseOtherairtaxiservices)AcklandHelicopterService)TokoshaCitizensCouncil)MontanaCreekDogmushers)5-225 Subtask7.08-RecreationPlanning(a)ObjectiveToprepareadetailedmasterareaplanthatwilloptimizepublicrecreationaluseoftheprojectlandsandwater,inamannerthatwill(1)providethemaximumvarietyofactivitiesandlevelsofdevelopmentconsistentwiththequalityoftherecreationexperiencestobeoffered.Userperceptionsofthedesiredkindsofexperiencesandappropriatelevelsofdevelopmentwillbemeasuredwithintheregion;(2)analyzetheenvironmentalsettingsothattheproposedrecreationdevelopmentisconsistentwiththeexperiencestobeoffered,theaccesstransportationsystem,thewaterimpoundment,andotherlanduses;(3)balancethedevelopmentoffacilitieswiththecapacityofthenaturalresourcestosustainthatuse;(4)identifyandincorporateintothetotalplantheuniquescenicandnaturalfeatureswithintheprojectboundaries;(5)conformtoplanningguidelinesandobjectivesofthemanagingagencies;and(6)maximizecompatibilitywiththeproposedoperationoftheprojectandotherpublicusesoftheland.(b)ApproachThebasicapproachistodevelopspecificplanningobjectivesforamasterareaplanbasedontheperceptionsofthepUblic,thelimitationsoftheresource,andtheplanningguidelinesofthemanagingagencies.Atwo-phasedplanningapproachwillbeutilized.ThefirstphaseofthesubtaskwillgenerateinformationthatwillbeusedinPhaseII(post-licenseapplication),whenthemasterareaplanwillbedeveloped.ThePhaseIplanningeffortwillbeaccomplishedasshowninthefollowingsteps:(1)Literaturereview(completereviewofpertinentperiodicalsandtexts,andagencypublicationsrelatingtoAlaska,includingtheStatewideComprehensiveOutdoorRecreationPlan);(2)Mailquestionnaire(ontheperceptionofAlaskanstovarioustypesandlevelsofdevelopment);(3)Preliminaryassessmentofresourcepotentialforrecreationaluse.5-226Subtask7.08-RecreationPlanning(a)ObjectiveToprepareadetailedmasterareaplanthatwilloptimizepublicrecreationaluseoftheprojectlandsandwater,inamannerthatwill(1)providethemaximumvarietyofactivitiesandlevelsofdevelopmentconsistentwiththequalityoftherecreationexperiencestobeoffered.Userperceptionsofthedesiredkindsofexperiencesandappropriatelevelsofdevelopmentwillbemeasuredwithintheregion;(2)analyzetheenvironmentalsettingsothattheproposedrecreationdevelopmentisconsistentwiththeexperiencestobeoffered,theaccesstransportationsystem,thewaterimpoundment,andotherlanduses;(3)balancethedevelopmentoffacilitieswiththecapacityofthenaturalresourcestosustainthatuse;(4)identifyandincorporateintothetotalplantheuniquescenicandnaturalfeatureswithintheprojectboundaries;(5)conformtoplanningguidelinesandobjectivesofthemanagingagencies;and(6)maximizecompatibilitywiththeproposedoperationoftheprojectandotherpublicusesoftheland.(b)ApproachThebasicapproachistodevelopspecificplanningobjectivesforamasterareaplanbasedontheperceptionsofthepUblic,thelimitationsoftheresource,andtheplanningguidelinesofthemanagingagencies.Atwo-phasedplanningapproachwillbeutilized.ThefirstphaseofthesubtaskwillgenerateinformationthatwillbeusedinPhaseII(post-licenseapplication),whenthemasterareaplanwillbedeveloped.ThePhaseIplanningeffortwillbeaccomplishedasshowninthefollowingsteps:(1)Literaturereview(completereviewofpertinentperiodicalsandtexts,andagencypublicationsrelatingtoAlaska,includingtheStatewideComprehensiveOutdoorRecreationPlan);(2)Mailquestionnaire(ontheperceptionofAlaskanstovarioustypesandlevelsofdevelopment);(3)Preliminaryassessmentofresourcepotentialforrecreationaluse.5-226 (c)DiscussionTheremaybesomecontroversygeneratedbytheproposedSusitnaHydroelectricProject,butfewpeopleknowtheareaintimatelyandcanspeakwithauthorityonthepotentialsorlimitationsoftheareaforotheruses.Itisrelativelyisolated,yetclosetothegreaterAnchoragearea(nearly60percentoftheState'spopulation)andonlythreequartersofaday'sdrivefromFairbanks.Usesofthearea,otherthanforhydroelectricdevelopment,mustbeconsideredtodemonstratethepotentialofthearea.Thissubtaskoffersamechanismforprovidingrecreationalopportunitiesattheproposedproject.Thiswi11beanimportantelementintheevaluationoftheprojectsincetherecreationaluseoftheareawillaffectmanyoftheenvironmentalimpactsassociatedwiththeproject,includingsocioeconomics,fisheries,wildlife,andlanduse.Thelevelofrecreationaldevelopmentandtheusegeneratedbytheprovisionofpublicfacilitieswillbeimportantconsiderationsinthedeterminationoftheseimpacts.Mostrecreationplanningdecisionsrelatetothedevelopmentofaccesstothearea;consequently,theaccessroad,typesoffacilities,andlevelofdevelopmentarecriticaldecisionsinencouragingspecifictypesofrecreationalopportunitiesandlevelsofdevelopment.(d)ScheduleWeeks52through117(e)DetailedScopeofWork(1)LiteratureReviewAnextensiveliteraturereviewwillbeconductedtoidentifyandmakeuseofexistingpertinentinformationanddata.Thisliteraturesearchwillincludeacompletereviewoftheappro-priateperiodicalsandtexts,aswellasagencypublicationsrelatedtoAlaska,includingtheStatewideComprehensiveOutdoorRecreationPlan.Thereviewwillexaminetheexistingliteratureonreservoirplanninginrelationtorecreation,riverrecrea-tion,supply-demandmodeling,systematicapproachestorecreationprogramplanning,andagencypublicationsonparticipationpatterns,changingsocioeconomicfactors,anduserperceptionsofspecificrecreationalexperiences.(2)ProjectionofRecreationalUseItwillbenecessarytopredicttheinitialandfuturerecrea-tionalusethatcanbeexpectedtooccuratthefacilitiesthatareprovidedasapartofthisproject.Forecastingisatbestahazardousenterprise,butpredictingthelevelsofparticipationinvariousrecreationalactivitiesisanessentialingredientin5-227(c)DiscussionTheremaybesomecontroversygeneratedbytheproposedSusitnaHydroelectricProject,butfewpeopleknowtheareaintimatelyandcanspeakwithauthorityonthepotentialsorlimitationsoftheareaforotheruses.Itisrelativelyisolated,yetclosetothegreaterAnchoragearea(nearly60percentoftheState'spopulation)andonlythreequartersofaday'sdrivefromFairbanks.Usesofthearea,otherthanforhydroelectricdevelopment,mustbeconsideredtodemonstratethepotentialofthearea.Thissubtaskoffersamechanismforprovidingrecreationalopportunitiesattheproposedproject.Thiswi11beanimportantelementintheevaluationoftheprojectsincetherecreationaluseoftheareawillaffectmanyoftheenvironmentalimpactsassociatedwiththeproject,includingsocioeconomics,fisheries,wildlife,andlanduse.Thelevelofrecreationaldevelopmentandtheusegeneratedbytheprovisionofpublicfacilitieswillbeimportantconsiderationsinthedeterminationoftheseimpacts.Mostrecreationplanningdecisionsrelatetothedevelopmentofaccesstothearea;consequently,theaccessroad,typesoffacilities,andlevelofdevelopmentarecriticaldecisionsinencouragingspecifictypesofrecreationalopportunitiesandlevelsofdevelopment.(d)ScheduleWeeks52through117(e)DetailedScopeofWork(1)LiteratureReviewAnextensiveliteraturereviewwillbeconductedtoidentifyandmakeuseofexistingpertinentinformationanddata.Thisliteraturesearchwillincludeacompletereviewoftheappro-priateperiodicalsandtexts,aswellasagencypublicationsrelatedtoAlaska,includingtheStatewideComprehensiveOutdoorRecreationPlan.Thereviewwillexaminetheexistingliteratureonreservoirplanninginrelationtorecreation,riverrecrea-tion,supply-demandmodeling,systematicapproachestorecreationprogramplanning,andagencypublicationsonparticipationpatterns,changingsocioeconomicfactors,anduserperceptionsofspecificrecreationalexperiences.(2)ProjectionofRecreationalUseItwillbenecessarytopredicttheinitialandfuturerecrea-tionalusethatcanbeexpectedtooccuratthefacilitiesthatareprovidedasapartofthisproject.Forecastingisatbestahazardousenterprise,butpredictingthelevelsofparticipationinvariousrecreationalactivitiesisanessentialingredientin5-227 recreationplanning.Thetypesandnumbersoffacilitiestobeprovidedandtheappropriatelevelofmanagementcannotbedeterminedwithoutanestimateofpredicteduse.Theprojectionsofparticipationaremademoredifficultinthiscasebythesizeofthearea,thelimitationofcomparisontosimilaropportunitieswithintheregion,andminimalpast-usedata.Theuniquenessoftheareaand1ackofavailab1edataprecludetheuseofmanymethodsofprojectingparticipationandsuggeststheuseofthe"judgment"method.Topredictinitialandfutureuseofthefacilities,allavailabledatarelatedtohistorical,present,andprojectedusetrendswillbeanalyzed.Indicatorsandbasiccausalfactors,suchastrendsinpopulation,income,leisureandmobility,willbeevaluated.TheprimepotentialmarketareasofAnchorage,andsecondarily,Fairbanks,willbegivenparticularconsideration.Inconjunctionwiththis,amailquestionnairewillbesentto2,000Anchorage-Fairbanksresidentstoassesstheirperceptionsoftheappropriatelevelsofrecreationaldevelopmentattheproposedreservoirsandtheirwillingnesstoparticipateatthoselevelsofdevelopment.Thequestionnairewillbedesignedtodeterminethecombinationofaccessandfacilities(basedondescriptions)thatpeoplewouldrespondtobest,intermsofindicatingawillingnesstoparticipate.Thiswillprovideanaggregateestimationofparticipation,invariousactivities,basedonvaryinglevelsofrecreationaldevelopment.Thedesignofthequestionnairewillbecriticallyreviewedandbepretestedpriortodistribution.Dr.JordanLouviere,UniversityofIowa,hastentativelyagreedtoassistinthedevelopmentandanalysisofthequestionnaires.Thenumberofquestionnairestobedistributedwasdeterminedonthebasisofadesiredlevelofaccuracyandanassumedrateofresponse.ThemailingwillbedividedbetweenAnchorageandFairbanksinproportiontopopulation.Onefollow-upisplannedandasecondwillbeusedifnecessary.(3)PreliminaryAssessmentofResourcePotentialforRecreationApreliminaryassessmentoftheresourcepotentialswillbecompletedinthisphase.Aninitialevaluationoftheprojectareawillbecompletedinthelaboratories,usingverticalaerialphotographytoisolatepotentialsites.Theprojectlandswillbeevaluatedonthebasisofgeneralresourcescapabilities,levelsofaccess,andanticipatedmanagementproblems(suchasnaturalhazards).Thisinitialevaluationwilldeterminethezonesthathavegreatestpotentialfordevelopment.Selectedsuitableareas,potentialvisitorattractionsandrelatedmanagementconcernswillbelocatedonabasemapandevaluatedduringafieldreconnaissance.Thesummerfieldseasonwillbespentassessingthepotentialsandtheinherentlimitationsoftheareas.5-228recreationplanning.Thetypesandnumbersoffacilitiestobeprovidedandtheappropriatelevelofmanagementcannotbedeterminedwithoutanestimateofpredicteduse.Theprojectionsofparticipationaremademoredifficultinthiscasebythesizeofthearea,thelimitationofcomparisontosimilaropportunitieswithintheregion,andminimalpast-usedata.Theuniquenessoftheareaand1ackofavailab1edataprecludetheuseofmanymethodsofprojectingparticipationandsuggeststheuseofthe"judgment"method.Topredictinitialandfutureuseofthefacilities,allavailabledatarelatedtohistorical,present,andprojectedusetrendswillbeanalyzed.Indicatorsandbasiccausalfactors,suchastrendsinpopulation,income,leisureandmobility,willbeevaluated.TheprimepotentialmarketareasofAnchorage,andsecondarily,Fairbanks,willbegivenparticularconsideration.Inconjunctionwiththis,amailquestionnairewillbesentto2,000Anchorage-Fairbanksresidentstoassesstheirperceptionsoftheappropriatelevelsofrecreationaldevelopmentattheproposedreservoirsandtheirwillingnesstoparticipateatthoselevelsofdevelopment.Thequestionnairewillbedesignedtodeterminethecombinationofaccessandfacilities(basedondescriptions)thatpeoplewouldrespondtobest,intermsofindicatingawillingnesstoparticipate.Thiswillprovideanaggregateestimationofparticipation,invariousactivities,basedonvaryinglevelsofrecreationaldevelopment.Thedesignofthequestionnairewillbecriticallyreviewedandbepretestedpriortodistribution.Dr.JordanLouviere,UniversityofIowa,hastentativelyagreedtoassistinthedevelopmentandanalysisofthequestionnaires.Thenumberofquestionnairestobedistributedwasdeterminedonthebasisofadesiredlevelofaccuracyandanassumedrateofresponse.ThemailingwillbedividedbetweenAnchorageandFairbanksinproportiontopopulation.Onefollow-upisplannedandasecondwillbeusedifnecessary.(3)PreliminaryAssessmentofResourcePotentialforRecreationApreliminaryassessmentoftheresourcepotentialswillbecompletedinthisphase.Aninitialevaluationoftheprojectareawillbecompletedinthelaboratories,usingverticalaerialphotographytoisolatepotentialsites.Theprojectlandswillbeevaluatedonthebasisofgeneralresourcescapabilities,levelsofaccess,andanticipatedmanagementproblems(suchasnaturalhazards).Thisinitialevaluationwilldeterminethezonesthathavegreatestpotentialfordevelopment.Selectedsuitableareas,potentialvisitorattractionsandrelatedmanagementconcernswillbelocatedonabasemapandevaluatedduringafieldreconnaissance.Thesummerfieldseasonwillbespentassessingthepotentialsandtheinherentlimitationsoftheareas.5-228 Subtask7.09-SusitnaTransmissionLineAssessment(a)ObjectiveToprovideinputintotheselectionofanenvironmentallysoundhalf-milewidetransmissionlinecorridorfromtheSusitnaProjectareatoloadcentersubstationsinornearbothAnchorageandFairbanks.(b)ApproachThecorridorwillbeselectedbymeansofthefollowingprocess:(1)Conductliteraturesearchforpertinentdatasources,(2)Concurrentlywith(1),obtainaerialphotographyandland-basedphotographyforthestudyarearoutinganalysis,(3)Reviewalternativeroutesproposedbypreviousstudiesandselectproject-specificalternativecorridors,(4)Conductsite-sensitiveavoidanceroutinganalysisonalternativeroutes,(5)Provideinputintotheselectionofaprimary,half-milewidecorridor,(6)Definecriteriaforestablishingandconductingfinaldesignandlocationanalyses.(c)DiscussionAwealthofdatadealingwiththeselectionandevaluationoftransmissionlinecorridorsexistswithrespecttotheSusitnaProject(notelistofpreviousstudiesatendofdiscussion).Severalstudieshave'beenobtainedandreviewed.Theywillserveasabasisforinitiatingprojectinvestigations.Alldatasourcespertinenttoaroutingimpactanalysiswillbeobtainedandcataloguedforfurtherreference.Aerialphotographyexistsformuch,ifnotall,oftheproposedroutinganalysisstudyarea.Inaddition,otherphotographyavailableforthestudyarea,includingland-basedphotography,willbesought.ManysensitiveoruniqueareaswithintheCentralRailbeltareahavebeenphotographedduringpreviousstudies,includingmanyareaswithinthetransmissioncorridorstudyarea.Allsuchavailablephotographswillbecataloguedandstoredforfurtherreference.Transmissionlinecorridorsproposedbyotherstudieswillbereviewedandrecomnendationsastotheirenvironmentalacceptabilitywi11beprovided.Criteriawi11beestab1ishedforthepurposeofavoiding,wherepossible,areassuchaswetlands,steepmountainslopes,scenicvistasandpopulationcenters.5-229Subtask7.09-SusitnaTransmissionLineAssessment(a)ObjectiveToprovideinputintotheselectionofanenvironmentallysoundhalf-milewidetransmissionlinecorridorfromtheSusitnaProjectareatoloadcentersubstationsinornearbothAnchorageandFairbanks.(b)ApproachThecorridorwillbeselectedbymeansofthefollowingprocess:(1)Conductliteraturesearchforpertinentdatasources,(2)Concurrentlywith(1),obtainaerialphotographyandland-basedphotographyforthestudyarearoutinganalysis,(3)Reviewalternativeroutesproposedbypreviousstudiesandselectproject-specificalternativecorridors,(4)Conductsite-sensitiveavoidanceroutinganalysisonalternativeroutes,(5)Provideinputintotheselectionofaprimary,half-milewidecorridor,(6)Definecriteriaforestablishingandconductingfinaldesignandlocationanalyses.(c)DiscussionAwealthofdatadealingwiththeselectionandevaluationoftransmissionlinecorridorsexistswithrespecttotheSusitnaProject(notelistofpreviousstudiesatendofdiscussion).Severalstudieshave'beenobtainedandreviewed.Theywillserveasabasisforinitiatingprojectinvestigations.Alldatasourcespertinenttoaroutingimpactanalysiswillbeobtainedandcataloguedforfurtherreference.Aerialphotographyexistsformuch,ifnotall,oftheproposedroutinganalysisstudyarea.Inaddition,otherphotographyavailableforthestudyarea,includingland-basedphotography,willbesought.ManysensitiveoruniqueareaswithintheCentralRailbeltareahavebeenphotographedduringpreviousstudies,includingmanyareaswithinthetransmissioncorridorstudyarea.Allsuchavailablephotographswillbecataloguedandstoredforfurtherreference.Transmissionlinecorridorsproposedbyotherstudieswillbereviewedandrecomnendationsastotheirenvironmentalacceptabilitywi11beprovided.Criteriawi11beestab1ishedforthepurposeofavoiding,wherepossible,areassuchaswetlands,steepmountainslopes,scenicvistasandpopulationcenters.5-229 Thecriteria~li11beappliedtoallalternativeroutesegments.Followingananalysisofthedata,aprimarycorridorapproximatelytenmileswidewi11beselected.Additionalcriteriawillbeestablishedtoproviderationaleforfurtherrefinementoftheprimarycorridor.Itemssuchasaccess,clearingrequirements,soilslimitations(whereapplicable)andrestorationrequirements,tonameafew,willbefactoredintotheanalysisprocess.Theendresultofthiseffortwillbeaproposedprimarycorridorahalf-milewidebetweentheprojectandbothAnchorageandFairbanks.TESwillassistAcresintheselectionofboththeten-mileandhalf-mileprimarytransmissionlinecorridors.BaseduponthealternativeroutesproposedbyAcres,TESwillconductthenecessaryenvironmentalanalysisandidentifysensitiveareas.TESwillalsoprovideenvironmentalinputintothedevelopmentofcriteriatobeutilizedforfurthercorridorrefinementstudies.ListofPreviousStudies1)InternationalEngineeringCompany,Inc.,Anchorage-FairbanksTransmissionIntertie-EconomicFeasibilityStudyReportApril1979.2)RobertW.RetherfordAssociates,NorthSlopeNaturalGasTransportSystemsandTheirPotentialImpactonElectricPowerSupplyandUsesinAlaska,March1977.3)4)5)6)7)8)U.S.ArmyCorpsofEngineers,SouthcentralRailbeltArea,Alaska,UerSusitnaRiverBasinInterimFeasibilitReort,(AppendixI,PartIIGMarketabilityAnalysis,HTransmissionSystem,(I)EnvironmentalAssessmentforTransmissionSystems,December1975.Kozak,Edwin,underthedirectionofJ.R.Eaton,PerformanceCharacteristicsofa350-MileElectricPowerTransmissionLine(FairbankstoAnchorage),AprojectinEE494,DepartmentofElectricalEngineering,UniversityofAlaska,June1973.Ch2M-Hill,ElectricalGenerationandTransmissionIntertieSystemforInteriorandSouthcentralAlaska,1972.FederalPowerCommission,AlaskaPowerSurvey,1969.AlaskaPowerAdministration,AlaskaRailbeltTransmissionSystem,workingpaper,December1967.TheRalphM.ParsonsCompany,CentralAlaskaPowerStudy,undated.9)TheRalphM.ParsonsCompany,AlaskaPowerFeasibilityStudy,1962.(d)ScheduleWeeks1through1305-230Thecriteria~li11beappliedtoallalternativeroutesegments.Followingananalysisofthedata,aprimarycorridorapproximatelytenmileswidewi11beselected.Additionalcriteriawillbeestablishedtoproviderationaleforfurtherrefinementoftheprimarycorridor.Itemssuchasaccess,clearingrequirements,soilslimitations(whereapplicable)andrestorationrequirements,tonameafew,willbefactoredintotheanalysisprocess.Theendresultofthiseffortwillbeaproposedprimarycorridorahalf-milewidebetweentheprojectandbothAnchorageandFairbanks.TESwillassistAcresintheselectionofboththeten-mileandhalf-mileprimarytransmissionlinecorridors.BaseduponthealternativeroutesproposedbyAcres,TESwillconductthenecessaryenvironmentalanalysisandidentifysensitiveareas.TESwillalsoprovideenvironmentalinputintothedevelopmentofcriteriatobeutilizedforfurthercorridorrefinementstudies.ListofPreviousStudies1)InternationalEngineeringCompany,Inc.,Anchorage-FairbanksTransmissionIntertie-EconomicFeasibilityStudyReportApril1979.2)RobertW.RetherfordAssociates,NorthSlopeNaturalGasTransportSystemsandTheirPotentialImpactonElectricPowerSupplyandUsesinAlaska,March1977.3)4)5)6)7)8)U.S.ArmyCorpsofEngineers,SouthcentralRailbeltArea,Alaska,UerSusitnaRiverBasinInterimFeasibilitReort,(AppendixI,PartIIGMarketabilityAnalysis,HTransmissionSystem,(I)EnvironmentalAssessmentforTransmissionSystems,December1975.Kozak,Edwin,underthedirectionofJ.R.Eaton,PerformanceCharacteristicsofa350-MileElectricPowerTransmissionLine(FairbankstoAnchorage),AprojectinEE494,DepartmentofElectricalEngineering,UniversityofAlaska,June1973.Ch2M-Hill,ElectricalGenerationandTransmissionIntertieSystemforInteriorandSouthcentralAlaska,1972.FederalPowerCommission,AlaskaPowerSurvey,1969.AlaskaPowerAdministration,AlaskaRailbeltTransmissionSystem,workingpaper,December1967.TheRalphM.ParsonsCompany,CentralAlaskaPowerStudy,undated.9)TheRalphM.ParsonsCompany,AlaskaPowerFeasibilityStudy,1962.(d)ScheduleWeeks1through1305-230 Subtask7.10-FishEcologyStudies(a)ObjectiveTodeterminetherelativeabundanceanddistributionofadultanadromousfishpopulationsintheSusitnaRiver,determinethedistributionandrelativeabundanceofselectedresidentandjuvenileanadromousfishpopulationsintheSusitnaRiver,determinethespatialandseasonalhabitatrequirementsofanadromousandresidentfishspeciesduringeachstageoftheirlifehistories,determinetheimpacttheSusitnahydroelectricprojectwillhaveonthefisheryresourcesanddescribeanyrequiredmitigation.Thisistheprimaryobjectiveofboththepre-licenseapplicationandpost-licenseapplica-tionstudies.(b)'ApproachTheAlaskaDepartmentofFishandGamewillberesponsibleforfielddatacollection,datareduction,progressreports,andcompleteannualreportsbaseduponanin-depthproceduresmanualacceptedbytheAlaskaPowerAuthority.TheADF&Gprogramwillconsistofusingrecentlydevelopedtechniquesforthecollectionandanalysisoffielddata.Theuseofside-scanningsonarfishcountersandelectrophoresisfortheanadromousfishprogram,andthein-streamflowanalysesforthehabitatstudies,areexamples.ADF&GisfamiliarwiththefieldconditionsinAlaskaandshouldprovideaneffectivebaseforthestudies.ATESOperationsOfficewillbeestablishedinAnchorageforthecoordinationandqualityassuranceofthestudies.Aspartofthequalityassurancefunction,TESpersonnelwillfrequentlyaccompanyADF&Gfieldcrewsintothestudyareaforthepurposeofobservationofsamplingactivities.TESwillalsoreviewandcommentontheADF&Greports,andwillperformtheimpactassessment.Apreliminaryimpactanalysiswillbedonepriortolicenseapplicationusingthedataavailable.However,manyofthefisherystudieswillnotbecompleteduntilafterlicenseapplication.Theanadromousfisherystudieswillbeextendedtoincludeacompletelifecycleofthefish,asmuchasfiveyears.Thefinalimpactstudyonthefisherieswillbepreparedduringthepost-licenseapplicationperiodwhenthedataareavailable.(c)DiscussionThemajorimpactsonthefisheryresourcesoftheSusitnaRiverasaresultofhydroelectricdevelopmentareexpectedtobeduetohabitatchanges.Alterationofthenormalflowregimesandthephysicalandchemicalwatercharacteristicsarelikelytohavethegreatestimpact.Manyofthephysicalandchemicalstudiesnecessaryforanunderstandingoftheeffectsontheresidentandanadromousfishbelowthedam,aswellasresidentfishintheimpoundmentareaswill5-231Subtask7.10-FishEcologyStudies(a)ObjectiveTodeterminetherelativeabundanceanddistributionofadultanadromousfishpopulationsintheSusitnaRiver,determinethedistributionandrelativeabundanceofselectedresidentandjuvenileanadromousfishpopulationsintheSusitnaRiver,determinethespatialandseasonalhabitatrequirementsofanadromousandresidentfishspeciesduringeachstageoftheirlifehistories,determinetheimpacttheSusitnahydroelectricprojectwillhaveonthefisheryresourcesanddescribeanyrequiredmitigation.Thisistheprimaryobjectiveofboththepre-licenseapplicationandpost-licenseapplica-tionstudies.(b)'ApproachTheAlaskaDepartmentofFishandGamewillberesponsibleforfielddatacollection,datareduction,progressreports,andcompleteannualreportsbaseduponanin-depthproceduresmanualacceptedbytheAlaskaPowerAuthority.TheADF&Gprogramwillconsistofusingrecentlydevelopedtechniquesforthecollectionandanalysisoffielddata.Theuseofside-scanningsonarfishcountersandelectrophoresisfortheanadromousfishprogram,andthein-streamflowanalysesforthehabitatstudies,areexamples.ADF&GisfamiliarwiththefieldconditionsinAlaskaandshouldprovideaneffectivebaseforthestudies.ATESOperationsOfficewillbeestablishedinAnchorageforthecoordinationandqualityassuranceofthestudies.Aspartofthequalityassurancefunction,TESpersonnelwillfrequentlyaccompanyADF&Gfieldcrewsintothestudyareaforthepurposeofobservationofsamplingactivities.TESwillalsoreviewandcommentontheADF&Greports,andwillperformtheimpactassessment.Apreliminaryimpactanalysiswillbedonepriortolicenseapplicationusingthedataavailable.However,manyofthefisherystudieswillnotbecompleteduntilafterlicenseapplication.Theanadromousfisherystudieswillbeextendedtoincludeacompletelifecycleofthefish,asmuchasfiveyears.Thefinalimpactstudyonthefisherieswillbepreparedduringthepost-licenseapplicationperiodwhenthedataareavailable.(c)DiscussionThemajorimpactsonthefisheryresourcesoftheSusitnaRiverasaresultofhydroelectricdevelopmentareexpectedtobeduetohabitatchanges.Alterationofthenormalflowregimesandthephysicalandchemicalwatercharacteristicsarelikelytohavethegreatestimpact.Manyofthephysicalandchemicalstudiesnecessaryforanunderstandingoftheeffectsontheresidentandanadromousfishbelowthedam,aswellasresidentfishintheimpoundmentareaswill5-231 becompletedinTask3 -Hydrology.However,intensivebaselinedatacollectiononthefishoftheSusitnaRivermustalsobeperformedusingtheplanofstudydevelopedbyADF&GwithinputfromAcresandTES.Residentfishpopulationswillbestudiedinrelationtotheirhabitatrequirements.Studiesoffishpopulationsintheproposedimpoundmentareasincludingrareandendangeredspecieswillbeincluded.Additionally,migrationalusageoftheSusitnaRiverbysalmonspeciesaswellasmain-streamspawningobservationsandrearinginformationwillbecollected.Duringthefirstphaseofthisprojectthefollowingstudiesareplannedtobegin.Thesearedescribedindetailin(e)below.(1)StockAssessmentofAdultAnadromousFishThefollowingareaswillbeexamined:-CookInletArea.InvestigationofthecontributionoftheSusitnaRiversalmonstockswillbeginusingscalepatternanalysesandelectrophoresistechniques.-CookInlettotheConfluenceoftheYentnaRiver.MigrationalmovementofsalmonstockswillbeassessedincludingdifferentiationoftheSusitnaandYentnastockcontribution,timing,movementsrelatedtostreamflow,andutilizationofthemainstemriverforspawning.-YentnaRivertoTalkeetna.Migrationalmovementsofsalmonstockswillbeassessedincludingnumbersofadultsalmonutilizingthisareaforspawning,timingofmigration,relationofmovementstostreamflow,andrecreationaluseofthestocks.-TalkeetnatoDevilCanyon.Abundance,migrationalmovementasrelatedtoflow,timing,andrecreationalusagewillbeinvestigated.(2)StockAssessmentofAdultResidentFishandJuvenileResidentandAnadromousFishPopulationsThefollowingareaswillbeinvestigated:-CookInlettoTalkeetnaRiverConfluence.Theoccurrenceandcompositionofresidentandjuvenileanadromousstocks,aswellasapparentseasonalchangesinoccurrence,relativeabundance,andhabitat-typeutilizationwillbedefined.-TalkeetnaRiverConfluencetoDevilCanyon.Theoccurrenceandcompositionofresidentandjuvenileanadromousstocksaswellasapparentseasonalchangesinoccurrence,relativeabundance,andhabitat-typeutilizationwillbedefined.5-232becompletedinTask3 -Hydrology.However,intensivebaselinedatacollectiononthefishoftheSusitnaRivermustalsobeperformedusingtheplanofstudydevelopedbyADF&GwithinputfromAcresandTES.Residentfishpopulationswillbestudiedinrelationtotheirhabitatrequirements.Studiesoffishpopulationsintheproposedimpoundmentareasincludingrareandendangeredspecieswillbeincluded.Additionally,migrationalusageoftheSusitnaRiverbysalmonspeciesaswellasmain-streamspawningobservationsandrearinginformationwillbecollected.Duringthefirstphaseofthisprojectthefollowingstudiesareplannedtobegin.Thesearedescribedindetailin(e)below.(1)StockAssessmentofAdultAnadromousFishThefollowingareaswillbeexamined:-CookInletArea.InvestigationofthecontributionoftheSusitnaRiversalmonstockswillbeginusingscalepatternanalysesandelectrophoresistechniques.-CookInlettotheConfluenceoftheYentnaRiver.MigrationalmovementofsalmonstockswillbeassessedincludingdifferentiationoftheSusitnaandYentnastockcontribution,timing,movementsrelatedtostreamflow,andutilizationofthemainstemriverforspawning.-YentnaRivertoTalkeetna.Migrationalmovementsofsalmonstockswillbeassessedincludingnumbersofadultsalmonutilizingthisareaforspawning,timingofmigration,relationofmovementstostreamflow,andrecreationaluseofthestocks.-TalkeetnatoDevilCanyon.Abundance,migrationalmovementasrelatedtoflow,timing,andrecreationalusagewillbeinvestigated.(2)StockAssessmentofAdultResidentFishandJuvenileResidentandAnadromousFishPopulationsThefollowingareaswillbeinvestigated:-CookInlettoTalkeetnaRiverConfluence.Theoccurrenceandcompositionofresidentandjuvenileanadromousstocks,aswellasapparentseasonalchangesinoccurrence,relativeabundance,andhabitat-typeutilizationwillbedefined.-TalkeetnaRiverConfluencetoDevilCanyon.Theoccurrenceandcompositionofresidentandjuvenileanadromousstocksaswellasapparentseasonalchangesinoccurrence,relativeabundance,andhabitat-typeutilizationwillbedefined.5-232 DevilCanyontoTyoneRiverConfluence.Theoccurrenceandspeciescompositionoffishstocks,aswellasseasonalchangesinabundanceoffishandhabitat-typesutilizedbyfishwillbeinvestigated.ThepossiblepresenceofsalmonstocksaboveDevilCanyonwillalsobeinvestigatedaspartofthisstudy.(3)SeasonalandSpatialHabitatStudiesofAnadromousandResidentF1ShSpeciesDuringEachStageofTheirLifeHistoriesThefollowingareaswillbeinvestigated:-CookInlettoTalkeetnaRiverConfluence.Seasonalhabitatrequirementsforincubation,rearing,spawning,andpassage,aswellasseasonalrelationshipsbetweenflowregimesandphysicalandbiologicalhabitatcharacteristicswillbedefined.TalkeetnaRivertoDevilCanyon.Thestudyinthissectionisaninvestigationoffishhabitatintheareaimmediatelydownstreamoftheproposeddamsite.-DevilCanyontoTyoneRiver.Thestudyinthissectionisaninvestigationoffishhabitattobeaffectedbytheproposedimpoundments.TES,usingtheinformationgatheredonthewaterqualitybyR&MandfisheryresourcesbyADF&GwillevaluatethepotentialimpactofthehydroelectricprojectontheSusitnaRiverfisheries.Apreliminaryassessmentwillbemadeonthebasisofdatacollectedduring1980and1981.However,manyofthefisherystudieswillcontinuebeyondthescheduledtimeoflicenseapplication.Thus,post-licenseapplicationsubmissionstudieswillberequiredtodescribethebaselinesituationadequatelyandtopermitadetailedassessmentoftheimpactoftheproposedprojectonthisimportantresource.(d)ScheduleWeeks26through130.5-233DevilCanyontoTyoneRiverConfluence.Theoccurrenceandspeciescompositionoffishstocks,aswellasseasonalchangesinabundanceoffishandhabitat-typesutilizedbyfishwillbeinvestigated.ThepossiblepresenceofsalmonstocksaboveDevilCanyonwillalsobeinvestigatedaspartofthisstudy.(3)SeasonalandSpatialHabitatStudiesofAnadromousandResidentF1ShSpeciesDuringEachStageofTheirLifeHistoriesThefollowingareaswillbeinvestigated:-CookInlettoTalkeetnaRiverConfluence.Seasonalhabitatrequirementsforincubation,rearing,spawning,andpassage,aswellasseasonalrelationshipsbetweenflowregimesandphysicalandbiologicalhabitatcharacteristicswillbedefined.TalkeetnaRivertoDevilCanyon.Thestudyinthissectionisaninvestigationoffishhabitatintheareaimmediatelydownstreamoftheproposeddamsite.-DevilCanyontoTyoneRiver.Thestudyinthissectionisaninvestigationoffishhabitattobeaffectedbytheproposedimpoundments.TES,usingtheinformationgatheredonthewaterqualitybyR&MandfisheryresourcesbyADF&GwillevaluatethepotentialimpactofthehydroelectricprojectontheSusitnaRiverfisheries.Apreliminaryassessmentwillbemadeonthebasisofdatacollectedduring1980and1981.However,manyofthefisherystudieswillcontinuebeyondthescheduledtimeoflicenseapplication.Thus,post-licenseapplicationsubmissionstudieswillberequiredtodescribethebaselinesituationadequatelyandtopermitadetailedassessmentoftheimpactoftheproposedprojectonthisimportantresource.(d)ScheduleWeeks26through130.5-233 (e)DetailedScopeofWorkIndividualstudyproposalsaredesignedtoprovidethenecessarybackgroundinformationtoenableproperevaluationofimpacts.Sixgeneralobjectiveshavebeenoutlined:1.Determinetherelativeabundanceanddistributionofadultanadromousfishpopulationswithinthe drainage.2.Determinethedistributionandabundanceofselectedresidentandjuvenileanadromousfishpopulations.3.Determinethespatialandseasonalhabitatrequirementsofanadromousandresidentfishspeciesduringeachstageoftheir1ifehistories.4.Determinetheeconomic,recreational,social,andaestheticvaluesoftheexistingresidentandanadromousfishstocksandhabitat.5.DeterminetheimpacttheDevi1Canyonprojectwi11haveontheaquaticecosystemsandanyrequiredmitigationpriortoconstructionapprovaldecision.ThisistheprimaryobjectiveofbothPhaseIandIIstudies.Thiswi11bediscussedindetailinthePhaseIIworkwhenitiswritten.6.Determinealong-termplanofstudy,iftheprojectisauthorized,tomonitortheimpactsduringandafterprojectcompletion.ThisisalsoanobjectiveofPhaseII.Workonobjectives1,2and3willbeundertakenduring1980and1981.Thestudyareasaregenerallycategorizedwithinthefollowinglocations:-CookInletarea-CookInlettotheYentnaRiverconfluence-YentnaRivertotheTalkeetnaRiverconfluence-TalkeetnaRiverconfluencetotheDevilCanyondamsite-DevilCanyondamsitetotheTyoneRiverconfluenceScalingoftheproposedstudieswithrespecttotiming,geographiclocations,andintensityhasbeendonewithconsiderationoftheresourceknowledgeavailableforeachofthegeographiclocationsidentifiedabove.5-234(e)DetailedScopeofWorkIndividualstudyproposalsaredesignedtoprovidethenecessarybackgroundinformationtoenableproperevaluationofimpacts.Sixgeneralobjectiveshavebeenoutlined:1.Determinetherelativeabundanceanddistributionofadultanadromousfishpopulationswithinthe drainage.2.Determinethedistributionandabundanceofselectedresidentandjuvenileanadromousfishpopulations.3.Determinethespatialandseasonalhabitatrequirementsofanadromousandresidentfishspeciesduringeachstageoftheir1ifehistories.4.Determinetheeconomic,recreational,social,andaestheticvaluesoftheexistingresidentandanadromousfishstocksandhabitat.5.DeterminetheimpacttheDevi1Canyonprojectwi11haveontheaquaticecosystemsandanyrequiredmitigationpriortoconstructionapprovaldecision.ThisistheprimaryobjectiveofbothPhaseIandIIstudies.Thiswi11bediscussedindetailinthePhaseIIworkwhenitiswritten.6.Determinealong-termplanofstudy,iftheprojectisauthorized,tomonitortheimpactsduringandafterprojectcompletion.ThisisalsoanobjectiveofPhaseII.Workonobjectives1,2and3willbeundertakenduring1980and1981.Thestudyareasaregenerallycategorizedwithinthefollowinglocations:-CookInletarea-CookInlettotheYentnaRiverconfluence-YentnaRivertotheTalkeetnaRiverconfluence-TalkeetnaRiverconfluencetotheDevilCanyondamsite-DevilCanyondamsitetotheTyoneRiverconfluenceScalingoftheproposedstudieswithrespecttotiming,geographiclocations,andintensityhasbeendonewithconsiderationoftheresourceknowledgeavailableforeachofthegeographiclocationsidentifiedabove.5-234 1.StockAssessmentofAdultAnadromousFishPopulationsObjectiveTodeterminetherelativeabundanceanddistributionoftheanadromousfishpopulationswithintheSusitnaRiverdrainage.StudyApproachAdultanadromousfisheriesstudieswillbedividedintofivemajorgeographicalareas.Allstudies,however,willbeinterrelated.Thefo11owingout1inesbase1inestudiesrequiredforeachareaandgeneralworkplans.(1)CookInletArea.ContributionoftheSusitnaRiversalmontotheCookInletfisheries-quantitativeseparationofstocksa.ObjectivesTheobjectivesofthisstudyareaareto-identifytheproportionoftheSusitnaRiversalmonstocksharvestedbythecommercialandrecreationalfisheries;and-determinequantitativelythatportionofthetotalcatchproducedintheSusitnaRiverdrainage.b.BackgroundThemajorareaofsalmonresourcecompetitioniswithintheUpperCookInletarea;i.e.,thatareanorthofthelatitudeofAnchorPoint.TheSusitnaRiversalmonstocksareintermixedwithotherlargesalmonstocksproducedfromtheKenaiPeninsulaandwestsideofCookInlet..AllfivespeciesofPacificsalmonareharvestedinUpperCookInlet.Themajorityofthesesalmonpassthroughtheareaatthesametime,thuscreatingamixedspeciesandmixedstockfishery.AnyfeasibilitystudyoftheSusitnaRiverprojectwillrequireanassessmentofthecontributionoftheSusitnaRiversalmonpopulationstothecommercialandrecreationalfisheries.c.WorkPlanCommercialcatchdataisavailablethroughtheAlaskaDepartmentofFishandGame.Finalstatisticalrunsareavailablethrough1976andpre1iminarydataisavailab1ethroughthecurrentyear'sharvest.5-2351.StockAssessmentofAdultAnadromousFishPopulationsObjectiveTodeterminetherelativeabundanceanddistributionoftheanadromousfishpopulationswithintheSusitnaRiverdrainage.StudyApproachAdultanadromousfisheriesstudieswillbedividedintofivemajorgeographicalareas.Allstudies,however,willbeinterrelated.Thefo11owingout1inesbase1inestudiesrequiredforeachareaandgeneralworkplans.(1)CookInletArea.ContributionoftheSusitnaRiversalmontotheCookInletfisheries-quantitativeseparationofstocksa.ObjectivesTheobjectivesofthisstudyareaareto-identifytheproportionoftheSusitnaRiversalmonstocksharvestedbythecommercialandrecreationalfisheries;and-determinequantitativelythatportionofthetotalcatchproducedintheSusitnaRiverdrainage.b.BackgroundThemajorareaofsalmonresourcecompetitioniswithintheUpperCookInletarea;i.e.,thatareanorthofthelatitudeofAnchorPoint.TheSusitnaRiversalmonstocksareintermixedwithotherlargesalmonstocksproducedfromtheKenaiPeninsulaandwestsideofCookInlet..AllfivespeciesofPacificsalmonareharvestedinUpperCookInlet.Themajorityofthesesalmonpassthroughtheareaatthesametime,thuscreatingamixedspeciesandmixedstockfishery.AnyfeasibilitystudyoftheSusitnaRiverprojectwillrequireanassessmentofthecontributionoftheSusitnaRiversalmonpopulationstothecommercialandrecreationalfisheries.c.WorkPlanCommercialcatchdataisavailablethroughtheAlaskaDepartmentofFishandGame.Finalstatisticalrunsareavailablethrough1976andpre1iminarydataisavailab1ethroughthecurrentyear'sharvest.5-235 Identificationandseparationofthevariousstocksofsalmonwillbebyscalepatternanalysisand/orelectrophoresis.DifferencesinscalepatternshavealreadybeenfoundtoexistinsockeyeandcohosalmonpopulationsinCookInlet,andtheSusitnaRiverstockshavebeenstatisticallyseparatedfromtheothermajorCookInletstocks.Datais,however,onlyavailableforoneageclass.Chumandpinksalmonstockshavenotsuccessfullybeenseparatedonthebasisofscalepatternanalysisinotherareas,duetotheabsenceoffreshwatergrowth.Electrophoretictechniqueswouldbeemployedforstockidentificationofthesespecies.Ananalysisoflength-weightrelationshipsmayprovidesufficientdataforthesetwospecies.Theprogramrequirestheregularcollectionofscalesandtissuesamplesfromthecommericalcatchandfromthemajorsalmonproducingareas(knownescapementsamples).ExpansionoftheongoingAlaskaDepartmentofFishandGameStockSeparationProgramwouldprovidethenecessarydatabaseforstockassessmentofsockeye,coho,andchinooksalmon.CostestimatesanddesignofthisprogramarebasedonincorporatingthesestudieswithADF&Gprograms.Ifaseparateprogramisdesigned,additionalfundingwouldberequiredforsamplingcrewsandlaboratoryequipmentandanalysis.Samplingdesignwouldbedividedintotwomajorcomponents:collectionofscalesandlaboratoryandcomputeranalysisofscalepatterns.Aminimumof250scalesperspeciesandageclasswillbeobtainedduringeachfishingperiod.Knownescapementsampleswouldbeobtainedfromexistingresearchandmanagementprograms.Threeadditionalcannerysamplingcrews(2peopleeach)willberequiredtoobtainscalesamples.Stafftimewillberequiredtodesignaprogramforchinooksalmon.Existingcrewsshould,however,beadequatetoconductsampling.TheADF&Gscalelaboratorywouldbeusedtoprocesssamples.Asupervisorandasecondshiftwouldbeaddedtothestafftomaximizetheuseofexistingequipment.Adigitizingstationwouldhavetobeaddedtotheexistingmicrocomputer.Additionalcomputertimewouldberequired.Thefeasibilityofseparatingpinkandchumsalmonstocksbyelectrophoretictechniquesprobablycouldbedeterminedafteronesamplingseason.Ifthistechniqueisunsuccessfulitwillbediscontinuedandothermethodswillbeevaluated.AnalysiscouldbestbedonebytheUniversityofAlaska.Aminimumof1000fishsamplesperfisheryshouldbeobtainedforeachspecies.Knownescapementsampleswillhavetobecollected.Threesamplingcrewswillberequired.5-236Identificationandseparationofthevariousstocksofsalmonwillbebyscalepatternanalysisand/orelectrophoresis.DifferencesinscalepatternshavealreadybeenfoundtoexistinsockeyeandcohosalmonpopulationsinCookInlet,andtheSusitnaRiverstockshavebeenstatisticallyseparatedfromtheothermajorCookInletstocks.Datais,however,onlyavailableforoneageclass.Chumandpinksalmonstockshavenotsuccessfullybeenseparatedonthebasisofscalepatternanalysisinotherareas,duetotheabsenceoffreshwatergrowth.Electrophoretictechniqueswouldbeemployedforstockidentificationofthesespecies.Ananalysisoflength-weightrelationshipsmayprovidesufficientdataforthesetwospecies.Theprogramrequirestheregularcollectionofscalesandtissuesamplesfromthecommericalcatchandfromthemajorsalmonproducingareas(knownescapementsamples).ExpansionoftheongoingAlaskaDepartmentofFishandGameStockSeparationProgramwouldprovidethenecessarydatabaseforstockassessmentofsockeye,coho,andchinooksalmon.CostestimatesanddesignofthisprogramarebasedonincorporatingthesestudieswithADF&Gprograms.Ifaseparateprogramisdesigned,additionalfundingwouldberequiredforsamplingcrewsandlaboratoryequipmentandanalysis.Samplingdesignwouldbedividedintotwomajorcomponents:collectionofscalesandlaboratoryandcomputeranalysisofscalepatterns.Aminimumof250scalesperspeciesandageclasswillbeobtainedduringeachfishingperiod.Knownescapementsampleswouldbeobtainedfromexistingresearchandmanagementprograms.Threeadditionalcannerysamplingcrews(2peopleeach)willberequiredtoobtainscalesamples.Stafftimewillberequiredtodesignaprogramforchinooksalmon.Existingcrewsshould,however,beadequatetoconductsampling.TheADF&Gscalelaboratorywouldbeusedtoprocesssamples.Asupervisorandasecondshiftwouldbeaddedtothestafftomaximizetheuseofexistingequipment.Adigitizingstationwouldhavetobeaddedtotheexistingmicrocomputer.Additionalcomputertimewouldberequired.Thefeasibilityofseparatingpinkandchumsalmonstocksbyelectrophoretictechniquesprobablycouldbedeterminedafteronesamplingseason.Ifthistechniqueisunsuccessfulitwillbediscontinuedandothermethodswillbeevaluated.AnalysiscouldbestbedonebytheUniversityofAlaska.Aminimumof1000fishsamplesperfisheryshouldbeobtainedforeachspecies.Knownescapementsampleswillhavetobecollected.Threesamplingcrewswillberequired.5-236 (2)CookInlet/SusitnaRiverconfluencetotheYentnaRiverconfluence.Stockassessmentoftheadultsalmonpopulations.a.ObjectivesThesestudiesaretoprovidethefollowing:-escapementdata,bysalmonspecies,intothelowerSusitnaRiver,-differentiationoftheSusitnaandYentnaRiverstockcontribution,-timingofthesalmonmigrations,-movementsasrelatedtostreamflowandwaterquality,utilizationofthemainstreamriverforspawning.b.BackgroundTotalescapementinformationfortheSusitnaRiverdrainageisgenerallylacking.VariousmethodshavebeenutilizedbytheA1askaDepartmentofFishandGamesince1974.Recentdevelopmentsinside-scansonarhaveprovidedthemostvaluabletool,todate,forevaluatingin-seasonescapementbyspecies.Emphasishas,however,beenonsockeyesalmon.c.WorkPlanCommercialFisheriesDivisionoftheAlaskaDepartmentofFishandGamecurrentlyoperatesanescapementprojectinthevicinityofSusitnaStationasapartoftheirongoingsockeyesalmonresearchprogram.ExpansionofthisprogramwillprovidethenecessaryescapementdatarequiredfortheSusitnaHydroProjectbaselinestudies.SonarcountersandfishwheelswillbeoperatedfromMaythroughmid-Octobertodetermineescapementbyspecies.Thiswouldrequirefundingoftheexistingprojectbeyonditsnormaloperatingdates.DatafromthisprogramwillbecorrelatedtotheStockSeparationprogramwithinCookInletandadditionalescapementstudiesintheupperSusitnaRiver.AsonarescapementenumerationprogramwillberequiredinthelowerYentnaRivertodifferentiatebetweenYentnaandSusitnaRiverproduction.ComparativeanalysisoftheYentnaRiverescapementdataandthemainstemSusitnaRiversonardatawillbemadetodeterminestockcontributionofeachsystem.Twoside-scansonarcountersandtwofishwhee1s(forspeciesapportionment)willbedeployedontheYentnaRiver.AllsalmoncapturedinthefishwheelattheSusitnasitewillbemarkedwithacolor-andnumber-codedPetersondisctag.Markedfishwi11berecapturedupstreamtoprovideanassessmentofstocksutilizingthisarea.Migrationaltimingdatawouldbeobtainedfromfishwheelcatchdataatthesonarsite.5-237(2)CookInlet/SusitnaRiverconfluencetotheYentnaRiverconfluence.Stockassessmentoftheadultsalmonpopulations.a.ObjectivesThesestudiesaretoprovidethefollowing:-escapementdata,bysalmonspecies,intothelowerSusitnaRiver,-differentiationoftheSusitnaandYentnaRiverstockcontribution,-timingofthesalmonmigrations,-movementsasrelatedtostreamflowandwaterquality,utilizationofthemainstreamriverforspawning.b.BackgroundTotalescapementinformationfortheSusitnaRiverdrainageisgenerallylacking.VariousmethodshavebeenutilizedbytheA1askaDepartmentofFishandGamesince1974.Recentdevelopmentsinside-scansonarhaveprovidedthemostvaluabletool,todate,forevaluatingin-seasonescapementbyspecies.Emphasishas,however,beenonsockeyesalmon.c.WorkPlanCommercialFisheriesDivisionoftheAlaskaDepartmentofFishandGamecurrentlyoperatesanescapementprojectinthevicinityofSusitnaStationasapartoftheirongoingsockeyesalmonresearchprogram.ExpansionofthisprogramwillprovidethenecessaryescapementdatarequiredfortheSusitnaHydroProjectbaselinestudies.SonarcountersandfishwheelswillbeoperatedfromMaythroughmid-Octobertodetermineescapementbyspecies.Thiswouldrequirefundingoftheexistingprojectbeyonditsnormaloperatingdates.DatafromthisprogramwillbecorrelatedtotheStockSeparationprogramwithinCookInletandadditionalescapementstudiesintheupperSusitnaRiver.AsonarescapementenumerationprogramwillberequiredinthelowerYentnaRivertodifferentiatebetweenYentnaandSusitnaRiverproduction.ComparativeanalysisoftheYentnaRiverescapementdataandthemainstemSusitnaRiversonardatawillbemadetodeterminestockcontributionofeachsystem.Twoside-scansonarcountersandtwofishwhee1s(forspeciesapportionment)willbedeployedontheYentnaRiver.AllsalmoncapturedinthefishwheelattheSusitnasitewillbemarkedwithacolor-andnumber-codedPetersondisctag.Markedfishwi11berecapturedupstreamtoprovideanassessmentofstocksutilizingthisarea.Migrationaltimingdatawouldbeobtainedfromfishwheelcatchdataatthesonarsite.5-237 ScalesampleswillbeobtainedfromthefishwheelcatchtoprovideaknowndatabaseforCookInletstockseparationstudies.Aminimumof40samplesperdaywillberequiredforeachspecies.Migrationalcharacteristicsmayvarygreatlyforeachsalmonspeciesandmustthereforebedeterminedforeachseparately.Dataobtainedfromthesestudiesmayalsobeusefulinthefinalse1ectionofproposedsonarprojectsanddeploymentofgear.CoordinationwithandassistancefromUSF&WSResearchSectionwillberequiredthroughouttheproject.Eulachon,ananadromoussmelt,utilizethelowermainstemSusitnaandYentnaRiversforspawning.Theextentofutilizationofthemainstemriverwillbedocumentedandevaluation'ofthepopulationswillbemade.(3)YentnaRiverconfluencetoTalkeetna.Stockassessmentofadultsa1monpopulationsa.ObjectivesTheobjectivesofthesestockassessmentstudiesaretodeterminethefo11owing:-numbersofadultsalmonutilizingthisareaformigrationandspawning,-migrationaltimingoftheadultsalmon,-recreationalutilizationofthesestocks,-movementofsalmonasrelatedtostreamflowandwaterquality.b.BackgroundManyoftheimportantrecreationaluseareasoccurwithinthisareaoftheriver.Theseareashaveroadaccessontheeastsideoftheriverandreceivehighuseviaaircrafttransportationonthewestside.Allfivespeciesofadultsalmonutilizethisareaforspawningandmigration.DuetothebraidednatureoftheSusitnaRiverinthisareamanyimpactsareexpectedtobeseenduetoalterationsofstreamflow.c.WorkPlanOneside-scansonarprojectwillbeestablishedwithinthisareaoftheriver.SeasonalapportionedcountsbyspecieswillbecomparedtothelowerSusitnaandYentnaRiversonarprojectstodetermineimportanceofthisareatotheentiredrainage.Fishwheelsandpossiblyothersamplinggearwillbeusedtoapportionsonarcounts.ThesonarprojectwillbelocatedbetweentheYentnaRiverconfluenceinthevicinityofSunshine.Thisprogramwillprovideinformationon1)theimportanceofthisareaofthe5-238ScalesampleswillbeobtainedfromthefishwheelcatchtoprovideaknowndatabaseforCookInletstockseparationstudies.Aminimumof40samplesperdaywillberequiredforeachspecies.Migrationalcharacteristicsmayvarygreatlyforeachsalmonspeciesandmustthereforebedeterminedforeachseparately.Dataobtainedfromthesestudiesmayalsobeusefulinthefinalse1ectionofproposedsonarprojectsanddeploymentofgear.CoordinationwithandassistancefromUSF&WSResearchSectionwillberequiredthroughouttheproject.Eulachon,ananadromoussmelt,utilizethelowermainstemSusitnaandYentnaRiversforspawning.Theextentofutilizationofthemainstemriverwillbedocumentedandevaluation'ofthepopulationswillbemade.(3)YentnaRiverconfluencetoTalkeetna.Stockassessmentofadultsa1monpopulationsa.ObjectivesTheobjectivesofthesestockassessmentstudiesaretodeterminethefo11owing:-numbersofadultsalmonutilizingthisareaformigrationandspawning,-migrationaltimingoftheadultsalmon,-recreationalutilizationofthesestocks,-movementofsalmonasrelatedtostreamflowandwaterquality.b.BackgroundManyoftheimportantrecreationaluseareasoccurwithinthisareaoftheriver.Theseareashaveroadaccessontheeastsideoftheriverandreceivehighuseviaaircrafttransportationonthewestside.Allfivespeciesofadultsalmonutilizethisareaforspawningandmigration.DuetothebraidednatureoftheSusitnaRiverinthisareamanyimpactsareexpectedtobeseenduetoalterationsofstreamflow.c.WorkPlanOneside-scansonarprojectwillbeestablishedwithinthisareaoftheriver.SeasonalapportionedcountsbyspecieswillbecomparedtothelowerSusitnaandYentnaRiversonarprojectstodetermineimportanceofthisareatotheentiredrainage.Fishwheelsandpossiblyothersamplinggearwillbeusedtoapportionsonarcounts.ThesonarprojectwillbelocatedbetweentheYentnaRiverconfluenceinthevicinityofSunshine.Thisprogramwillprovideinformationon1)theimportanceofthisareaofthe5-238 riverforspawning;2)theextenttowhichthisareaisusedformigrationtospawningareasupstreamofTalkeetna;and3)thecontributionofthesesalmonstockstothetotalSusitnaRiverdrainage.Atotaloftwoside-scansonarcountersandfourfishwheelswillberequired.Allsalmoncapturedinthefishwheelsatthe"Sunshinesite"willbemarkedwithacolor-andnumber-codedPetersondisctag.Markedfishwillberecapturedupstreamtoprovideanassessmentofstocksutilizingthisarea.Migrationaltimingwillbedeterminedbyfishwheelcatchesatthesonarprojectsandsurveycrews.Recreationaluti1izationofthesesalmonstockswillbedeterminedpartiallybyongoingADF&Gcreelcensusprograms.Expansionoftheseprogramswillberequiredtomonitorallspeciesadequately.Thecreel-censusprogramswillalsoprovidedataonmigrationaltimingandtagrecoveries.Movementofsalmonthroughthisgeographicareawillbemonitoredbyremotesensingdevicesforradio-taggedfish.Sonarcountersmayalsoprovidehorizontaldistributiondataforthearea.A1askaDepartmentofFishandGamesurveydatawi11beusedtodeterminechinooksalmonescapementsintomajortributaries.Thesesurveysmayhavetobeexpandedtoassureadequatecoverageofmajortributaries.(4)TalkeetnatoDevilCanyonDamsite.Stockassessmentofadultsalmonpopulationsa.ObjectivesTheobjectiveswithinthisstudyareaaretodeterminethe:-abundanceofadultsalmon;-stockassessmentoftheSusitna-Chulitna-Talkeetnastocks;-migrationaltimingofthesalmonstocks;-recreationalutilization;-movementofsalmonstocksthroughthisareaasrelatedtostreamflowandwaterquality.b.BackgroundPopulationestimatesofsalmonspeciesutilizingtheSusitnaRiverabovetheChulitnaRiverconfluencewereestimatedduringthe1974,1975,and1977fieldseasonsbasedontaggingandsubsequentrecoveryoffish.Thesestudiesindicateaportionofthesalmontaggedarenotdestinedtospawnabovethetaggingsite,butratherbelowit.Theimportanceandextentofthismillingbehaviorintheupperriverareasrequiresdefinition.Thealterationsinflowandwaterqualityinthemainstemriverafterprojectcompletioncouldsignificantlyaffectthisbehaviorandconsequentlyspawningsuccess.5-239riverforspawning;2)theextenttowhichthisareaisusedformigrationtospawningareasupstreamofTalkeetna;and3)thecontributionofthesesalmonstockstothetotalSusitnaRiverdrainage.Atotaloftwoside-scansonarcountersandfourfishwheelswillberequired.Allsalmoncapturedinthefishwheelsatthe"Sunshinesite"willbemarkedwithacolor-andnumber-codedPetersondisctag.Markedfishwillberecapturedupstreamtoprovideanassessmentofstocksutilizingthisarea.Migrationaltimingwillbedeterminedbyfishwheelcatchesatthesonarprojectsandsurveycrews.Recreationaluti1izationofthesesalmonstockswillbedeterminedpartiallybyongoingADF&Gcreelcensusprograms.Expansionoftheseprogramswillberequiredtomonitorallspeciesadequately.Thecreel-censusprogramswillalsoprovidedataonmigrationaltimingandtagrecoveries.Movementofsalmonthroughthisgeographicareawillbemonitoredbyremotesensingdevicesforradio-taggedfish.Sonarcountersmayalsoprovidehorizontaldistributiondataforthearea.A1askaDepartmentofFishandGamesurveydatawi11beusedtodeterminechinooksalmonescapementsintomajortributaries.Thesesurveysmayhavetobeexpandedtoassureadequatecoverageofmajortributaries.(4)TalkeetnatoDevilCanyonDamsite.Stockassessmentofadultsalmonpopulationsa.ObjectivesTheobjectiveswithinthisstudyareaaretodeterminethe:-abundanceofadultsalmon;-stockassessmentoftheSusitna-Chulitna-Talkeetnastocks;-migrationaltimingofthesalmonstocks;-recreationalutilization;-movementofsalmonstocksthroughthisareaasrelatedtostreamflowandwaterquality.b.BackgroundPopulationestimatesofsalmonspeciesutilizingtheSusitnaRiverabovetheChulitnaRiverconfluencewereestimatedduringthe1974,1975,and1977fieldseasonsbasedontaggingandsubsequentrecoveryoffish.Thesestudiesindicateaportionofthesalmontaggedarenotdestinedtospawnabovethetaggingsite,butratherbelowit.Theimportanceandextentofthismillingbehaviorintheupperriverareasrequiresdefinition.Thealterationsinflowandwaterqualityinthemainstemriverafterprojectcompletioncouldsignificantlyaffectthisbehaviorandconsequentlyspawningsuccess.5-239 ObservationsofspawningareasbetweentheChulitnaandSusitnaRiverconfluenceupstreamtoPortageCreekduringfallsurveysindicatethatareductioninflowtoproposedpost-constructionlevelswouldpreventaccesstomanyimportantspawningareas.c.WorkPlanSalmonescapementestimateswi11bedeterminedbyatagandrecoveryprograminthisarea.Fishmarkedatthe"Sunshinesite"wi11berecoveredbygroundsurveycrewsupstreamfromtheChulitnaRiverconfluence.SurveysofmajorspawningareasbetweenTalkeetnaandDevilCanyondamsitewillbeconductedinconjunctionwithjuvenilestudiestodeterminedistribution.Escapementestimateswi11becomparedtosonarprojectlocatedinthelowerriver,primarilythe"SunshineSite",andwillprovideinformationonimportanceoftheupperriverforspawningandalsocontributionoftheTalkeetnaandChulitnariversalmonstockstotheentiredrainage.Migrationaltimingofsalmonstocksutilizingthisareawillbedeterminedbystreamsurveys.Recreationalusewithinthisareawillbedeterminedbyacreel-censusprogram.(5)DevilCanyonDamSitetotheTyoneRiverconfluence.Stockassessmentofadultsalmonpopulationsa.ObjectiveTodetermineifsalmonutilizethatareaoftheSusitnaRiveraboveDevilCanyon.b.BackgroundStudiesconductedduringthelate1950'sindicatethatCookInletsalmonstocksareunabletoascendtheSusitnaRiverbeyondDevilCanyon,thelatterbeinganaturalwatervelocitybarriertomigration(U.S.DepartmentoftheInterior,1957).ReportsfromlocalresidentsofsalmonobservationsaboveDevilCanyonindicatethatthisshouldbeinvestigatedfurther.c.WorkPlanSurveysandescapementsamplingwillbeconductedintheproposedimpoundmentareasbetweentheDenaliHighwayandDevilCanyonduringperiodsofpeakadultsalmonabundance.Initialobservationswillbeconductedbyaerialsurveystodocumentthepresenceorabsenceofadultsalmon.Surveyswillbedoneinconjunctionwithresidentfishinvestigations.Dataobtainedwillbeutilizedtodeterminenecessarymitigationmeasures.5-240ObservationsofspawningareasbetweentheChulitnaandSusitnaRiverconfluenceupstreamtoPortageCreekduringfallsurveysindicatethatareductioninflowtoproposedpost-constructionlevelswouldpreventaccesstomanyimportantspawningareas.c.WorkPlanSalmonescapementestimateswi11bedeterminedbyatagandrecoveryprograminthisarea.Fishmarkedatthe"Sunshinesite"wi11berecoveredbygroundsurveycrewsupstreamfromtheChulitnaRiverconfluence.SurveysofmajorspawningareasbetweenTalkeetnaandDevilCanyondamsitewillbeconductedinconjunctionwithjuvenilestudiestodeterminedistribution.Escapementestimateswi11becomparedtosonarprojectlocatedinthelowerriver,primarilythe"SunshineSite",andwillprovideinformationonimportanceoftheupperriverforspawningandalsocontributionoftheTalkeetnaandChulitnariversalmonstockstotheentiredrainage.Migrationaltimingofsalmonstocksutilizingthisareawillbedeterminedbystreamsurveys.Recreationalusewithinthisareawillbedeterminedbyacreel-censusprogram.(5)DevilCanyonDamSitetotheTyoneRiverconfluence.Stockassessmentofadultsalmonpopulationsa.ObjectiveTodetermineifsalmonutilizethatareaoftheSusitnaRiveraboveDevilCanyon.b.BackgroundStudiesconductedduringthelate1950'sindicatethatCookInletsalmonstocksareunabletoascendtheSusitnaRiverbeyondDevilCanyon,thelatterbeinganaturalwatervelocitybarriertomigration(U.S.DepartmentoftheInterior,1957).ReportsfromlocalresidentsofsalmonobservationsaboveDevilCanyonindicatethatthisshouldbeinvestigatedfurther.c.WorkPlanSurveysandescapementsamplingwillbeconductedintheproposedimpoundmentareasbetweentheDenaliHighwayandDevilCanyonduringperiodsofpeakadultsalmonabundance.Initialobservationswillbeconductedbyaerialsurveystodocumentthepresenceorabsenceofadultsalmon.Surveyswillbedoneinconjunctionwithresidentfishinvestigations.Dataobtainedwillbeutilizedtodeterminenecessarymitigationmeasures.5-240 2.StockAssessmentofAdultResidentFishandJuvenileResidentandAnadromousFishPopulationsObjectivesTodeterminetherelativeabundanceanddistributionofadultandjuvenileresidentfishandjuvenileanadromousfishpopulations.StudyApproachAdultandjuvenileresidentfisheriesstudieswillbedividedintothreemajorgeographicalareas.Allstudies,however,willbeinterrelated.Thefollowingoutlinesbaselinestudiesrequiredforeachareaandgeneralworkplans.(1)CookInlet/SusitnaRiverconfluencetotheTalkeetnaRiverconfluence.Stockassessmentoftheresidentandjuvenileanadromousfishpopulationsa.ObjectivesDeterminespecificoccurrenceandspeciescompositionofresidentandjuvenileanadromousstocksthroughouttheyearwithintheSusitnaRivermainstemandwithinthereachesoftributarystreamsregularlyinfluencedbytheSusitnaRiver.OfparticularimportancetothisstudyaretheAlexanderCreek,FlatHornLake,DeshkaRiver,WillowCreek,IronCreek,andRabideuxCreektributarysystems;-DefineanyapparentseasonalchangesinoccurrenceandrelativeabundanceofresidentandjuvenileanadromousspeciesattheconfluenceoftributarysystemsandtheSusitnamainstem;-DevelopsuitablesamplingtechniquesforthecollectionanddeterminationofrelativeabundanceofresidentandjuvenileanadromousspeciesintheSusitnamainstemthroughouttheyear;-Defineanddescribehabitattypeutilizationbyresidentandjuvenileanadromousspeciesthroughouttheyearandundervaryinghydrologicconditions.b.BackgroundThisreachoftheSusitnaRiverencompassesmanyimportantfishproducingandrecreationalfishingtributariesandisanareaofcriticalenvironmentalconcernbecauseofthepossibleseasonaluseandmigrationbetweenclearwatertributariesandtheSusitnariver.StudiesoftheseseasonalmigrationsandthedistributionofresidentandjuvenileanadromousfishinandtohabitatsintheSusitnaRiverareessential.Thestudieswillbeinitiatedforselectedstreamsandforaprescribeddistanceupstreamthroughouttheyear.Expansionorretirementofthesestudieswoulddependonconfirmationformigrationandhabitatuseby5-2412.StockAssessmentofAdultResidentFishandJuvenileResidentandAnadromousFishPopulationsObjectivesTodeterminetherelativeabundanceanddistributionofadultandjuvenileresidentfishandjuvenileanadromousfishpopulations.StudyApproachAdultandjuvenileresidentfisheriesstudieswillbedividedintothreemajorgeographicalareas.Allstudies,however,willbeinterrelated.Thefollowingoutlinesbaselinestudiesrequiredforeachareaandgeneralworkplans.(1)CookInlet/SusitnaRiverconfluencetotheTalkeetnaRiverconfluence.Stockassessmentoftheresidentandjuvenileanadromousfishpopulationsa.ObjectivesDeterminespecificoccurrenceandspeciescompositionofresidentandjuvenileanadromousstocksthroughouttheyearwithintheSusitnaRivermainstemandwithinthereachesoftributarystreamsregularlyinfluencedbytheSusitnaRiver.OfparticularimportancetothisstudyaretheAlexanderCreek,FlatHornLake,DeshkaRiver,WillowCreek,IronCreek,andRabideuxCreektributarysystems;-DefineanyapparentseasonalchangesinoccurrenceandrelativeabundanceofresidentandjuvenileanadromousspeciesattheconfluenceoftributarysystemsandtheSusitnamainstem;-DevelopsuitablesamplingtechniquesforthecollectionanddeterminationofrelativeabundanceofresidentandjuvenileanadromousspeciesintheSusitnamainstemthroughouttheyear;-Defineanddescribehabitattypeutilizationbyresidentandjuvenileanadromousspeciesthroughouttheyearandundervaryinghydrologicconditions.b.BackgroundThisreachoftheSusitnaRiverencompassesmanyimportantfishproducingandrecreationalfishingtributariesandisanareaofcriticalenvironmentalconcernbecauseofthepossibleseasonaluseandmigrationbetweenclearwatertributariesandtheSusitnariver.StudiesoftheseseasonalmigrationsandthedistributionofresidentandjuvenileanadromousfishinandtohabitatsintheSusitnaRiverareessential.Thestudieswillbeinitiatedforselectedstreamsandforaprescribeddistanceupstreamthroughouttheyear.Expansionorretirementofthesestudieswoulddependonconfirmationformigrationandhabitatuseby5-241 residentandjuvenileanadromousfishintheSusitnaRiver.IfconfirmationofthesemovementsanddistributiontotheSusitnaispositive,thebasicinventorywill,inconjunctionwiththestudytaskonhabitatevaluation,identifyspecificyear-to-yearstudylocationsforongoingprogramsrequiredtodeterminefisheryimpactsonthefishpopulations.Whilethetimeframeallottedforaccomplishmentofthesefourobjectivesis30months,wefeelthatthesesameobjectivesshouldremainongoingthroughtheterminationoftheprojectwithappropriateadjustmentandredirectionbeingmadeasresultantdataareanalyzed.Alsoweseethatitisimperativetoincorporatethehydrologicstudiesasanintegralcomponentinachievingourstatedstudygoals.c.WorkPlanTheinitial.yearofthisstudy,1981,willcompriseessentiallytwofieldoperations:asummerandawinterprogramontheSusitnaRiver.Acrewofthreebiologists,utilizingariverboatastheirprimarymeansoftransportation,willoperateintheSusitnamainstemandtributarysystemsduringtheice-freemonths,MaythroughOctober.Theirresponsibilitieswillinclude-Samplingusingestablishedtechniquesandtheiradaptationsincludinggillnets,minnowtraps,adulttraps,angling,seines,andelectrofishing;-DevelopingsuitabletechniquesforsamplingtheSusitnamainstem.Particularemphasiswillbeplacedonthedesignofaneffectivestationaryfishtrap;-Classifyingintermsofdepth,velocity,turbidityandsubstratetypesinconjunctionwiththesamplingofresidentpopulations.Itisessentialthatclosecooperationbemaintainedbetweenhydrologicandfisheriesresearch;-Taggingadultresidentfishandnotespecies,size,dateandlocationofcapture;Acrewoffourbiologistswillcarryoutfisheriesresearchduringthewintermonths.ThisfacetofthefieldoperationswillbebasedonroadaccessuntilsuchtimeasthemainstemSusitnaiceconditionhasstabilizedsufficientlytoprovidesafetransportationviasnowmachine.Thiscrewwillperformthefollowingoperations:5-242residentandjuvenileanadromousfishintheSusitnaRiver.IfconfirmationofthesemovementsanddistributiontotheSusitnaispositive,thebasicinventorywill,inconjunctionwiththestudytaskonhabitatevaluation,identifyspecificyear-to-yearstudylocationsforongoingprogramsrequiredtodeterminefisheryimpactsonthefishpopulations.Whilethetimeframeallottedforaccomplishmentofthesefourobjectivesis30months,wefeelthatthesesameobjectivesshouldremainongoingthroughtheterminationoftheprojectwithappropriateadjustmentandredirectionbeingmadeasresultantdataareanalyzed.Alsoweseethatitisimperativetoincorporatethehydrologicstudiesasanintegralcomponentinachievingourstatedstudygoals.c.WorkPlanTheinitial.yearofthisstudy,1981,willcompriseessentiallytwofieldoperations:asummerandawinterprogramontheSusitnaRiver.Acrewofthreebiologists,utilizingariverboatastheirprimarymeansoftransportation,willoperateintheSusitnamainstemandtributarysystemsduringtheice-freemonths,MaythroughOctober.Theirresponsibilitieswillinclude-Samplingusingestablishedtechniquesandtheiradaptationsincludinggillnets,minnowtraps,adulttraps,angling,seines,andelectrofishing;-DevelopingsuitabletechniquesforsamplingtheSusitnamainstem.Particularemphasiswillbeplacedonthedesignofaneffectivestationaryfishtrap;-Classifyingintermsofdepth,velocity,turbidityandsubstratetypesinconjunctionwiththesamplingofresidentpopulations.Itisessentialthatclosecooperationbemaintainedbetweenhydrologicandfisheriesresearch;-Taggingadultresidentfishandnotespecies,size,dateandlocationofcapture;Acrewoffourbiologistswillcarryoutfisheriesresearchduringthewintermonths.ThisfacetofthefieldoperationswillbebasedonroadaccessuntilsuchtimeasthemainstemSusitnaiceconditionhasstabilizedsufficientlytoprovidesafetransportationviasnowmachine.Thiscrewwillperformthefollowingoperations:5-242 Surveyintheproximityofareassurveyedduringtheprevioussummerusingestablishedsamplingtechniquessuchasgillnetsandminnowtraps.Asiceconditionsimproveanddataisanalyzed,thiseffortwillbeexpandedtoincludeasmuchofthestudyareaaspossible.-Designaneffectiveresidentspeciesadulttrapforuseinthisstudyarea,asestablishedsamplingtechniquesmeetwithlimitedsuccesswhenappliedunderacoveroficeintheriverenvironment.Classifyhabitatintermsoficecover,depth,velocityturbidity,andsubstrateinconjunctionwithsamplingofresidentpopulations.AprojectleaderisincludedinthissegmentwithresponsibilitiesfororganizationalfunctionsandoversightofentireSusitnaBasinstudyandanalysisofdataandreportpreparation.Followingthefirstseason'sdeterminationofresidentandjuvenileanadromousfishoccurrence,areasofgreatestavailabilityandsuitablemethodsofcapture,the1982programwillbedirectedlargelytothesameareasandintensifiedwithrespecttorelativeabundanceandpreferredhabitatutilization.The1982studyplanwillagainconsistoftwosegments:summerfieldoperationsandwinterfieldoperations.AcrewofthreebiologistsutilizingariverboatastheirprimarymeansoftransportationwilloperateintheSusitnamainstemandtributarysystemsduringtheicefreemonthstoConfirmpreviousseasonsdatabasewithregardtooccurrenceandspeciescomposition.-Determinerelativeabundanceofresidentstocksinpredeter-minedlocationsbyseasonalperiodandfurtherestablishpatternsofintrasystemmigration.-Furtherdefinepreferredhabitatparameters.-Continuetotagadultresidentfishandrecordanyrecapturesfrompreviousyear.Acrewoffourbiologistswillcarryontheinitialyear'sstudyfromJanuarythroughApril.Thisfour-mancrewwillbeginthesecondfieldseasoninDecemberof1982.Followingthefirstseason'sdeterminationstheprogramwillbeexpandedtoincludeadditionalareas,willbeintensifiedatoneortwopredeterminedlocationsandwillcontinuetodeterminehabitatrequirements.5-243Surveyintheproximityofareassurveyedduringtheprevioussummerusingestablishedsamplingtechniquessuchasgillnetsandminnowtraps.Asiceconditionsimproveanddataisanalyzed,thiseffortwillbeexpandedtoincludeasmuchofthestudyareaaspossible.-Designaneffectiveresidentspeciesadulttrapforuseinthisstudyarea,asestablishedsamplingtechniquesmeetwithlimitedsuccesswhenappliedunderacoveroficeintheriverenvironment.Classifyhabitatintermsoficecover,depth,velocityturbidity,andsubstrateinconjunctionwithsamplingofresidentpopulations.AprojectleaderisincludedinthissegmentwithresponsibilitiesfororganizationalfunctionsandoversightofentireSusitnaBasinstudyandanalysisofdataandreportpreparation.Followingthefirstseason'sdeterminationofresidentandjuvenileanadromousfishoccurrence,areasofgreatestavailabilityandsuitablemethodsofcapture,the1982programwillbedirectedlargelytothesameareasandintensifiedwithrespecttorelativeabundanceandpreferredhabitatutilization.The1982studyplanwillagainconsistoftwosegments:summerfieldoperationsandwinterfieldoperations.AcrewofthreebiologistsutilizingariverboatastheirprimarymeansoftransportationwilloperateintheSusitnamainstemandtributarysystemsduringtheicefreemonthstoConfirmpreviousseasonsdatabasewithregardtooccurrenceandspeciescomposition.-Determinerelativeabundanceofresidentstocksinpredeter-minedlocationsbyseasonalperiodandfurtherestablishpatternsofintrasystemmigration.-Furtherdefinepreferredhabitatparameters.-Continuetotagadultresidentfishandrecordanyrecapturesfrompreviousyear.Acrewoffourbiologistswillcarryontheinitialyear'sstudyfromJanuarythroughApril.Thisfour-mancrewwillbeginthesecondfieldseasoninDecemberof1982.Followingthefirstseason'sdeterminationstheprogramwillbeexpandedtoincludeadditionalareas,willbeintensifiedatoneortwopredeterminedlocationsandwillcontinuetodeterminehabitatrequirements.5-243 Responsi-anddataAprojectleaderpositionwillcontinuethrough1982.bilitieswillincludecoordinationoffieldactivitiesanalysisandreportwrit ing.(2)TalkeetnaRiverconfluencetoDevilCanyon.Stockassessmentoftheresidentandjuvenileanadromousfishpopulationsa.ObjectivesTheobjectivesofprogramswithinthisstudy·areaareto-DeterminespecificoccurrenceandspeciescompositionofresidentandanadromousstocksutilizingthemainstemSusitnaRiveranditsmajortributaries;-DefineseasonalchangesinoccurrenceandabundanceofresidentandanadromousspecieswithinthemainstemSusitnaRiveranditstributaries;-Definehabitattypesutilizedbyresidentanadromousfishspecies,seasonallythroughoutthisyear,atvaryinghydrologicconditions,bothwithinthemainstemSusitnaRiverandthemajortributaries;and-Establishtheimpactsofflowregulationuponthehabitatwhichcurrentlymeetsseasonalrequirementsofresidentandanadromousfishstockswithinthestudyarea.b.BackgroundThisstudyareaincludesthemainstemSusitnaRiverandanumberofimportantclearwatertributarieswhichhaveindigenouspopulationsofresidentgamefishandprovidespawningandrearinghabitatforanadromousspecies.SeveralofthemoreimportantlateraltributariesarePortageCreek,IndianRiver,GoldCreek,andFourth-of-JulyCreek.AllarelocatedintheupperreachesofthestudyareaandinthegeneralvicinityoftherailroadcrossingatGoldCreek.FivespeciesofPacificsalmon,chinook,choh,sockeye,pinkandchumarenativetothisportionofthestudyarea.ThemostimportantresidentfishspecieswithinthisareaareArcticgraylingandrainbowtrout;however,burbot,whitefish,DollyVarden,andvariousotherspeciesarealsopresent.Whileahigherdegreeofreliabilityinknowledgeofpossibleflow,waterquality,andstreammorphologychangesexistsinthisreachbecauseofpreviouslycollectedbaselinedata,baselinestudiesonresidentandjuvenileanadromousfishmustbeinitiatedtodetailspecificoccurrence,distribution,andseasonalmigrationandhabitatuseoftheSusitnaRiver,aswellastodocumentthepopulationsizesofresidentfish.5-244Responsi-anddataAprojectleaderpositionwillcontinuethrough1982.bilitieswillincludecoordinationoffieldactivitiesanalysisandreportwrit ing.(2)TalkeetnaRiverconfluencetoDevilCanyon.Stockassessmentoftheresidentandjuvenileanadromousfishpopulationsa.ObjectivesTheobjectivesofprogramswithinthisstudy·areaareto-DeterminespecificoccurrenceandspeciescompositionofresidentandanadromousstocksutilizingthemainstemSusitnaRiveranditsmajortributaries;-DefineseasonalchangesinoccurrenceandabundanceofresidentandanadromousspecieswithinthemainstemSusitnaRiveranditstributaries;-Definehabitattypesutilizedbyresidentanadromousfishspecies,seasonallythroughoutthisyear,atvaryinghydrologicconditions,bothwithinthemainstemSusitnaRiverandthemajortributaries;and-Establishtheimpactsofflowregulationuponthehabitatwhichcurrentlymeetsseasonalrequirementsofresidentandanadromousfishstockswithinthestudyarea.b.BackgroundThisstudyareaincludesthemainstemSusitnaRiverandanumberofimportantclearwatertributarieswhichhaveindigenouspopulationsofresidentgamefishandprovidespawningandrearinghabitatforanadromousspecies.SeveralofthemoreimportantlateraltributariesarePortageCreek,IndianRiver,GoldCreek,andFourth-of-JulyCreek.AllarelocatedintheupperreachesofthestudyareaandinthegeneralvicinityoftherailroadcrossingatGoldCreek.FivespeciesofPacificsalmon,chinook,choh,sockeye,pinkandchumarenativetothisportionofthestudyarea.ThemostimportantresidentfishspecieswithinthisareaareArcticgraylingandrainbowtrout;however,burbot,whitefish,DollyVarden,andvariousotherspeciesarealsopresent.Whileahigherdegreeofreliabilityinknowledgeofpossibleflow,waterquality,andstreammorphologychangesexistsinthisreachbecauseofpreviouslycollectedbaselinedata,baselinestudiesonresidentandjuvenileanadromousfishmustbeinitiatedtodetailspecificoccurrence,distribution,andseasonalmigrationandhabitatuseoftheSusitnaRiver,aswellastodocumentthepopulationsizesofresidentfish.5-244 c.WorkPIanDuetolimitedaccesstomuchoftheSusitnaRiverupstreamofTalkeetna,andrelatedhighcostoftransportation,workproposedfor1981islimitedtotheIndianRiver-PortageCreek-GoldCreekarea.ThisareaisaccessiblebyrailroadandcanbeinvestigatedbyasinglefieldcrewlocatedintheGoldCreekarea.Theseinvestigationswillbeextendeddownstreamintootherareasinthesecondandthirdyearsofstudy.Afour-mancrewwillbelocatedintheGoldCreekorIndianRiverareahousedinalocalcabinortentcamp,andprovidedwithariverboatandZodiac-typerafttoconductthefollowingactivities:EstablishtheoccurrenceandspeciescompositionofresidentandanadromousfishstocksutilizingthemainstemSusitnaRiverduringtheperiodMaythroughOctoberof1981.Thisworkwillentailintensivenetting,electro-shocking,trapping,oruseofsetlinesorothersuitablecollectionmethodswithinthemainstemreachfromFourth-of-JulyCreekupstreamtoPortageCreek.Someofthesecollectiondevicesareexpectedtorequiremodificationordevelopmentastheseasonprogresses.-Performsimilarsamplingbynet,electro-shock,traporalglingwithintheIndianRiver,PortageCreek,GoldCreek,andFourth-of-JulyCreekTributaries.Aprogramoffishtaggingwillbeimplementedtodefineintra-systemmovement.-Creelcensusanglersutilizingthesefourstreamstodetermineharvestofresidentfishbya)species,b)ageclass,c)size,d)seasonalperiod,ande)areaofavailability.Thecreelcensuswillalsohelpwithrecoveryoftaggedfish.Conducttheadultanadromousstudiesinthisareaincooperationwiththeanadromousprogram.Followingthefirstseason'sdeterminationsofresidentandanadromousfishoccurrence,areasofgreatestavailability,andsuitablemethodsofcapture,the1982pro9ramwillbedirectedtothesameareasandintensifiedtoincludepopulationestimationsandpreferredhabitatutilization.Asimilartwo-mancrewwillbelocatedintheIndianRiverorGoldCreekarea,dependinguponwhichseemsmoreappropriateasaresultofthefirstyearstudy.Thesameequipmentwillbeutilized.Studyobjectivesfor1982willbeasfollows:5-245c.WorkPIanDuetolimitedaccesstomuchoftheSusitnaRiverupstreamofTalkeetna,andrelatedhighcostoftransportation,workproposedfor1981islimitedtotheIndianRiver-PortageCreek-GoldCreekarea.ThisareaisaccessiblebyrailroadandcanbeinvestigatedbyasinglefieldcrewlocatedintheGoldCreekarea.Theseinvestigationswillbeextendeddownstreamintootherareasinthesecondandthirdyearsofstudy.Afour-mancrewwillbelocatedintheGoldCreekorIndianRiverareahousedinalocalcabinortentcamp,andprovidedwithariverboatandZodiac-typerafttoconductthefollowingactivities:EstablishtheoccurrenceandspeciescompositionofresidentandanadromousfishstocksutilizingthemainstemSusitnaRiverduringtheperiodMaythroughOctoberof1981.Thisworkwillentailintensivenetting,electro-shocking,trapping,oruseofsetlinesorothersuitablecollectionmethodswithinthemainstemreachfromFourth-of-JulyCreekupstreamtoPortageCreek.Someofthesecollectiondevicesareexpectedtorequiremodificationordevelopmentastheseasonprogresses.-Performsimilarsamplingbynet,electro-shock,traporalglingwithintheIndianRiver,PortageCreek,GoldCreek,andFourth-of-JulyCreekTributaries.Aprogramoffishtaggingwillbeimplementedtodefineintra-systemmovement.-Creelcensusanglersutilizingthesefourstreamstodetermineharvestofresidentfishbya)species,b)ageclass,c)size,d)seasonalperiod,ande)areaofavailability.Thecreelcensuswillalsohelpwithrecoveryoftaggedfish.Conducttheadultanadromousstudiesinthisareaincooperationwiththeanadromousprogram.Followingthefirstseason'sdeterminationsofresidentandanadromousfishoccurrence,areasofgreatestavailability,andsuitablemethodsofcapture,the1982pro9ramwillbedirectedtothesameareasandintensifiedtoincludepopulationestimationsandpreferredhabitatutilization.Asimilartwo-mancrewwillbelocatedintheIndianRiverorGoldCreekarea,dependinguponwhichseemsmoreappropriateasaresultofthefirstyearstudy.Thesameequipmentwillbeutilized.Studyobjectivesfor1982willbeasfollows:5-245 -DeterminerelativeabundanceofresidentandanadromousfishstocksinIndianRiverandPortageCreekatpredeterminedlocations,byseasonalperiod,andfurtherdefineintra-systemmovementandmigrations.Thesestudieswillnecessitateanintensifiedtagandrecoveryprogramtoprovideinstantaneouspopulationestimatesatspecificseasonalperiodsandalsowillnecessitatenumerousaerialsurveys.Whilethemethodswithwhichtoaccomplishthisworkmaybemoreapparentafterthefirstyear'sefforts,itisconsideredlikelythattrappingdevicesorastatisticallydesignedanglingschememaybemostappropriate.-Conductsimilarstudiesinappropriatesectionsofthemainstemriverandsidechannelsduringspring,summer,andfall.Techniquesforthisworksegmentwillbesimilartothoseusedinthefirstobjective.-DefinehabitatutilizationofresidentandanadromousspeciesbothwithinthemainstemandtheGoldCreek,Fourth-of-JulyCreek,IndianRiverandPortageCreektributariesasrelatedtohydrologicconditions.Areasofresidentandanadromousfishpreferencewillbesurveyedintermsofflow,substrate,turbidity,depth,etc.todetermineiftheseparametersareresponsibleforinstreammovementsanddistribution.Thesedatawillbecorrelatedwithhistoricalclimatologicaldataandmainstemflows.Particularemphasiswillbeplaceduponthisfacetduringperiodswhenmainstemflowsapproachtheproposedregulatedflow.-Determinemid-winteroccurrenceanddistributionofresidentandjuvenileanadromousfishspeciesbothinIndianRiverandthemainstemSusitnaRiver.AsIndianRiveristheonlymajoraccessibleuppertributarystreamduringmid-winter,thesestudieswillbelimitedtoit.Themainstemriverischaracterizedasbeingextremelydangeroustoworkinmid-winterduetopooriceconditions.Asdeemedpossible,netting,trapping,andsetlineswillbeutilizedtodetermineoccurrenceanddistributionofresidentspeciesduringthewintermonthsandtorecapturefishtaggedearlierintheyear.WintersamplingofboththetributaryandmainstemwillbeconductedduringNovemberandDecemberonafieldtripbasis,onamonthlyschedule.Nopermanentcampiscontemplated.Itisexpectedthatbytheendof1982fieldseasonestimatesofthemagnitudeofintra-systemmigrations,bytime,willbepossible,aswillpopulationestimatesofresidentfishavailableatthemouthsofthetwotributariesthroughoutthesportanglingseason.Populationestimateswillbeformulatedforthetwoyears'runsofsalmon.Itisfurtherexpectedthathabitat5-246-DeterminerelativeabundanceofresidentandanadromousfishstocksinIndianRiverandPortageCreekatpredeterminedlocations,byseasonalperiod,andfurtherdefineintra-systemmovementandmigrations.Thesestudieswillnecessitateanintensifiedtagandrecoveryprogramtoprovideinstantaneouspopulationestimatesatspecificseasonalperiodsandalsowillnecessitatenumerousaerialsurveys.Whilethemethodswithwhichtoaccomplishthisworkmaybemoreapparentafterthefirstyear'sefforts,itisconsideredlikelythattrappingdevicesorastatisticallydesignedanglingschememaybemostappropriate.-Conductsimilarstudiesinappropriatesectionsofthemainstemriverandsidechannelsduringspring,summer,andfall.Techniquesforthisworksegmentwillbesimilartothoseusedinthefirstobjective.-DefinehabitatutilizationofresidentandanadromousspeciesbothwithinthemainstemandtheGoldCreek,Fourth-of-JulyCreek,IndianRiverandPortageCreektributariesasrelatedtohydrologicconditions.Areasofresidentandanadromousfishpreferencewillbesurveyedintermsofflow,substrate,turbidity,depth,etc.todetermineiftheseparametersareresponsibleforinstreammovementsanddistribution.Thesedatawillbecorrelatedwithhistoricalclimatologicaldataandmainstemflows.Particularemphasiswillbeplaceduponthisfacetduringperiodswhenmainstemflowsapproachtheproposedregulatedflow.-Determinemid-winteroccurrenceanddistributionofresidentandjuvenileanadromousfishspeciesbothinIndianRiverandthemainstemSusitnaRiver.AsIndianRiveristheonlymajoraccessibleuppertributarystreamduringmid-winter,thesestudieswillbelimitedtoit.Themainstemriverischaracterizedasbeingextremelydangeroustoworkinmid-winterduetopooriceconditions.Asdeemedpossible,netting,trapping,andsetlineswillbeutilizedtodetermineoccurrenceanddistributionofresidentspeciesduringthewintermonthsandtorecapturefishtaggedearlierintheyear.WintersamplingofboththetributaryandmainstemwillbeconductedduringNovemberandDecemberonafieldtripbasis,onamonthlyschedule.Nopermanentcampiscontemplated.Itisexpectedthatbytheendof1982fieldseasonestimatesofthemagnitudeofintra-systemmigrations,bytime,willbepossible,aswillpopulationestimatesofresidentfishavailableatthemouthsofthetwotributariesthroughoutthesportanglingseason.Populationestimateswillbeformulatedforthetwoyears'runsofsalmon.Itisfurtherexpectedthathabitat5-246 requirementsorneedsdictatingspring/fallmigrationsofresidentandjuvenileanadromousfishwillbedefinable,aswillbetheroleplayedbythemainstemSusitnaRiver.(3)DevilCanyontotheTyoneRiverconfluence.Stockassessmentofresidentandanadromousfishpopulationsa.ObjectivesTheobjectivesinthisstudyareaareto-Determinespecificoccurrenceandspeciescompositionoffishstocksutilizing·themainstemSusitnariveranditsmajortributaries;-DefineseasonalchangesinoccurrenceandabundanceoffishspecieswithinthemainstemSusitnaRiverandtributaries;-Definehabitattypesutilizedbyfishspecies,seasonallythroughouttheyear,atvaryinghydrologicconditions,bothwithinthemainstemSusitnaRiverandmajortributaries;-Establishtheimpactsofinundationupontheaquatichabitatoftheclearwatertributariesnecessarytosustaintheindigenousfishspecies;and-Conductcompletehyrologicalsurveysatthetributarymouthsandatpredeterminedlocationsoneachtributary.b.BackgroundThisareaofstudyincludesthemorethanfiftymilesofthemainstemSusitnaRiverandtributarystreams,whichwillbeeithertotallyorpartiallyinundatedbyconstructionoftheDevil/WatanaHydroelectricComplex.ThisportionoftheSusitnaRiverdrainageliesinatrulywildernesssetting,isroadless,isinaccessibleexceptbyboatorlightaircraft,andisonlymoderatelyutilizedbyrecreationalanglersatthistime.AnglinginthisreachoftheSusitnaRiversystemcanbetermeda"qualityexperience".Thisareahasobviousidentifiablehabitatandbiologicalimpactsduetoeventualinundationofsegmentsoftheclearwatertributariesfeedingtheimpoundment.Criticalhabitatneeds,aswellasrecreationalfishingopportunities,areprovidedprimarilyatthemouthsoftheserespectivetributaries.5-247requirementsorneedsdictatingspring/fallmigrationsofresidentandjuvenileanadromousfishwillbedefinable,aswillbetheroleplayedbythemainstemSusitnaRiver.(3)DevilCanyontotheTyoneRiverconfluence.Stockassessmentofresidentandanadromousfishpopulationsa.ObjectivesTheobjectivesinthisstudyareaareto-Determinespecificoccurrenceandspeciescompositionoffishstocksutilizing·themainstemSusitnariveranditsmajortributaries;-DefineseasonalchangesinoccurrenceandabundanceoffishspecieswithinthemainstemSusitnaRiverandtributaries;-Definehabitattypesutilizedbyfishspecies,seasonallythroughouttheyear,atvaryinghydrologicconditions,bothwithinthemainstemSusitnaRiverandmajortributaries;-Establishtheimpactsofinundationupontheaquatichabitatoftheclearwatertributariesnecessarytosustaintheindigenousfishspecies;and-Conductcompletehyrologicalsurveysatthetributarymouthsandatpredeterminedlocationsoneachtributary.b.BackgroundThisareaofstudyincludesthemorethanfiftymilesofthemainstemSusitnaRiverandtributarystreams,whichwillbeeithertotallyorpartiallyinundatedbyconstructionoftheDevil/WatanaHydroelectricComplex.ThisportionoftheSusitnaRiverdrainageliesinatrulywildernesssetting,isroadless,isinaccessibleexceptbyboatorlightaircraft,andisonlymoderatelyutilizedbyrecreationalanglersatthistime.AnglinginthisreachoftheSusitnaRiversystemcanbetermeda"qualityexperience".Thisareahasobviousidentifiablehabitatandbiologicalimpactsduetoeventualinundationofsegmentsoftheclearwatertributariesfeedingtheimpoundment.Criticalhabitatneeds,aswellasrecreationalfishingopportunities,areprovidedprimarilyatthemouthsoftheserespectivetributaries.5-247 area1ightThestudyc.WorkPlanAthree-mancrewwillworkintheproposedimpoundmentduringtheice-freemonths,utilizingahelicopterandaircraftfortransportationthroughoutthestudyarea.crewwillbehousedinatemporary/portablefieldcamp.Investigationswillbedirectedto-Conductextensiveon-the-groundsurveysofGoose,Jay,Kosina,Watana,Deadman,Tsusena,andFogCreeks,andtheOshetnaRiver.Theseinvestigationswillincludehydrologicalsurveysandwilldeterminethetypesofaquatichabitatcurrentlyavailabletoresidentspecies.-Determinethetypes,magnitude,andlocationofaquatichabitatswhichwi11belostuponinundation,byrespectivestream.Geographicalfeaturesblockingupstreammigrationwillbenoted.Conversely,streamareaswhichwillbenefitintermsofimprovedaccesstofishstocks,uponimpoundment,wi11berecorded.-Conductextensivenetting,trapping,andfishcollectiontodeterminethespecificoccurrence,andcompositionof,residentspeciesoccupyingtheseeighttributarialwaters.Aspossible,effortswillbedirectedtodeterminetheextentofseasonalintra-seasonalmigrations.-Tagalladultfishcapturedfordeterminationofintra-systemmovementandmigrations.Uponcompletionofthefirstyear's(CV-81)assessmentofaquatichabitatsandbiologicaldistributionoffishspecieswithintheimpoundmentareatributaries,investigationswillbedirectedtotheuplandlakeareasandthemainstemSusitnaproper.Atwo-manfieldcrewwillagainoperatewithatransportablefieldcamp,utilizinghelicopterandlightaircraftfortransportation.Investigationswillbeginassoonas"ice-out"occursinthespringandcontinueuntilfreezeupinthefall.StudiesinCV-1982willbedirectedto-Surveyfishutilizingselectedtributarialstreammouthsthroughouttheseasontodetermineintra-systemmovementsofresidentfish,andtheirrelianceuponthemainstemriverduringthecriticalwintermonths.TentativestreamselectionsareKosina,Jay,andWatanaCreeks.Asemi-permanentcampwillbelocatedinthevicinityofthesestreammouths,andtheindividualstreamswillbesampledforfishoccurrenceonanestablishedsamplingschedulethroughouttheseason.5-248area1ightThestudyc.WorkPlanAthree-mancrewwillworkintheproposedimpoundmentduringtheice-freemonths,utilizingahelicopterandaircraftfortransportationthroughoutthestudyarea.crewwillbehousedinatemporary/portablefieldcamp.Investigationswillbedirectedto-Conductextensiveon-the-groundsurveysofGoose,Jay,Kosina,Watana,Deadman,Tsusena,andFogCreeks,andtheOshetnaRiver.Theseinvestigationswillincludehydrologicalsurveysandwilldeterminethetypesofaquatichabitatcurrentlyavailabletoresidentspecies.-Determinethetypes,magnitude,andlocationofaquatichabitatswhichwi11belostuponinundation,byrespectivestream.Geographicalfeaturesblockingupstreammigrationwillbenoted.Conversely,streamareaswhichwillbenefitintermsofimprovedaccesstofishstocks,uponimpoundment,wi11berecorded.-Conductextensivenetting,trapping,andfishcollectiontodeterminethespecificoccurrence,andcompositionof,residentspeciesoccupyingtheseeighttributarialwaters.Aspossible,effortswillbedirectedtodeterminetheextentofseasonalintra-seasonalmigrations.-Tagalladultfishcapturedfordeterminationofintra-systemmovementandmigrations.Uponcompletionofthefirstyear's(CV-81)assessmentofaquatichabitatsandbiologicaldistributionoffishspecieswithintheimpoundmentareatributaries,investigationswillbedirectedtotheuplandlakeareasandthemainstemSusitnaproper.Atwo-manfieldcrewwillagainoperatewithatransportablefieldcamp,utilizinghelicopterandlightaircraftfortransportation.Investigationswillbeginassoonas"ice-out"occursinthespringandcontinueuntilfreezeupinthefall.StudiesinCV-1982willbedirectedto-Surveyfishutilizingselectedtributarialstreammouthsthroughouttheseasontodetermineintra-systemmovementsofresidentfish,andtheirrelianceuponthemainstemriverduringthecriticalwintermonths.TentativestreamselectionsareKosina,Jay,andWatanaCreeks.Asemi-permanentcampwillbelocatedinthevicinityofthesestreammouths,andtheindividualstreamswillbesampledforfishoccurrenceonanestablishedsamplingschedulethroughouttheseason.5-248 -SurveyuplandlakesassociatedwithmainstemSusitnaRivertributarystreamsforfishpopulationandrelatedbiologicaldata.Habitatinformationwillalsobecollectedfrominletandoutletstreams,andbeusedlaterindeterminingtheimpactstoseasonalmigrationsandbiologicalrequirementsofresidentfishasaresultofimpoundment,roadconstruction,andtransmissioncorridorplacement.-DetermineresidentfishoccurrenceanddistributionwithinthemainstemSusitnaRiverthroughoutthespring-summer-fallperiods.Thisworkwillbeaccomplishedbythesamefieldcrewutilizingacharteredboatfortransportationonapredeterminedsamplingschedule.Nets,trotlines,traps,etc.,willbeusedtodeterminefishpresence.-Continuecollectionofcompletehydrologicaldata.Itisanticipatedthesingletwo-mancrewwillbecapableofperformingalltheabovetasks.Determinationofmainstemfishoccurrenceanddistributionwillbeaccomplishedbytwoorthreescheduledweek-longtripsthroughtheimpoundmentarea.Theup1and1akesurveyswi11beaccomp1ishedduring"non-sample"periodsatthetributarymouths.Closecoordinationwillbenecessary,aswillhelicoptersupportatfrequentintervals.5-249-SurveyuplandlakesassociatedwithmainstemSusitnaRivertributarystreamsforfishpopulationandrelatedbiologicaldata.Habitatinformationwillalsobecollectedfrominletandoutletstreams,andbeusedlaterindeterminingtheimpactstoseasonalmigrationsandbiologicalrequirementsofresidentfishasaresultofimpoundment,roadconstruction,andtransmissioncorridorplacement.-DetermineresidentfishoccurrenceanddistributionwithinthemainstemSusitnaRiverthroughoutthespring-summer-fallperiods.Thisworkwillbeaccomplishedbythesamefieldcrewutilizingacharteredboatfortransportationonapredeterminedsamplingschedule.Nets,trotlines,traps,etc.,willbeusedtodeterminefishpresence.-Continuecollectionofcompletehydrologicaldata.Itisanticipatedthesingletwo-mancrewwillbecapableofperformingalltheabovetasks.Determinationofmainstemfishoccurrenceanddistributionwillbeaccomplishedbytwoorthreescheduledweek-longtripsthroughtheimpoundmentarea.Theup1and1akesurveyswi11beaccomp1ishedduring"non-sample"periodsatthetributarymouths.Closecoordinationwillbenecessary,aswillhelicoptersupportatfrequentintervals.5-249 3.SeasonalandSpatialHabitatStudyObjectiveDeterminethespatialandseasonalhabitatrequirementsofanadromousandresidentfishspeciesduringeachstageoftheirlifehistories.StudyApproachSpatialandseasonalhabitatstudieswillbedividedintothreemajorgeographicalareas.SamplingupstreamoftheSusitna-TalkeetnaRiverconfluencewillbeconductedprimarilybyfisheriesstudygroups.Designofsamplingprogramswillbedonebythehabitatstudiessupervisor.ThesestudieswillbeperformedinadditiontoworkproposedbyDNR,butwillbedoneinclosecooperationandcoordinationwiththatagencyandothertasksperformedbyconsultantsasapartoftheoverallSusitnahydro-feasibilitystudy.IftheDNRinstreamflowstudyisnotfunded,ADF&GwillneedtoincreaseitsbudgetintheamountthatDNRrequestedinordertoperformtherequiredwork.ItisanticipatedthatotheragenciessuchastheUSGSandUSFWSwillalsoprovidesupportfortheseinstreamflowstudies.Thefollowingbaselinestudiesarerequiredforeachstudyarea:(1)CookInlettotheTalkeetna-SusitnaRiverconfluence.Spatialandseasonalhabitatrequirementsoffishpopulationsa.ObjectivesTheobjectiveswithinthisstudyareaareto-defineessentialseasonalhabitatrequirementsforincubation,rearing,spawning,andpassageofanadromousandresidentfishpopulations;-definetheseasonalrelationshipsbetweenflowregimesandessentialphysicalandbiologicalhabitatcharacteristics;-definetherelationshipsbetweenthetributaryandsloughphysiochemicalandbiologicalhabitatswithinthemainstemSusitnaRiveratvariousflowregimes;-developstate-of-the-artcapabilitiestoevaluatehabitatcharacteristicsinthisdifficultreachofriver;andgeneratedataessentialforevaluatingtheeffectsofvariousflowregimesonterrestrialandriparianhabitat.5-2503.SeasonalandSpatialHabitatStudyObjectiveDeterminethespatialandseasonalhabitatrequirementsofanadromousandresidentfishspeciesduringeachstageoftheirlifehistories.StudyApproachSpatialandseasonalhabitatstudieswillbedividedintothreemajorgeographicalareas.SamplingupstreamoftheSusitna-TalkeetnaRiverconfluencewillbeconductedprimarilybyfisheriesstudygroups.Designofsamplingprogramswillbedonebythehabitatstudiessupervisor.ThesestudieswillbeperformedinadditiontoworkproposedbyDNR,butwillbedoneinclosecooperationandcoordinationwiththatagencyandothertasksperformedbyconsultantsasapartoftheoverallSusitnahydro-feasibilitystudy.IftheDNRinstreamflowstudyisnotfunded,ADF&GwillneedtoincreaseitsbudgetintheamountthatDNRrequestedinordertoperformtherequiredwork.ItisanticipatedthatotheragenciessuchastheUSGSandUSFWSwillalsoprovidesupportfortheseinstreamflowstudies.Thefollowingbaselinestudiesarerequiredforeachstudyarea:(1)CookInlettotheTalkeetna-SusitnaRiverconfluence.Spatialandseasonalhabitatrequirementsoffishpopulationsa.ObjectivesTheobjectiveswithinthisstudyareaareto-defineessentialseasonalhabitatrequirementsforincubation,rearing,spawning,andpassageofanadromousandresidentfishpopulations;-definetheseasonalrelationshipsbetweenflowregimesandessentialphysicalandbiologicalhabitatcharacteristics;-definetherelationshipsbetweenthetributaryandsloughphysiochemicalandbiologicalhabitatswithinthemainstemSusitnaRiveratvariousflowregimes;-developstate-of-the-artcapabilitiestoevaluatehabitatcharacteristicsinthisdifficultreachofriver;andgeneratedataessentialforevaluatingtheeffectsofvariousflowregimesonterrestrialandriparianhabitat.5-250 b.BackgroundThisreachoftheSusitnaRiverprovidesimportanthabitatforrearing,incubating,spawning,andmigratingresidentandanadromousfishspecies.Unfortunately,itsphysicalcharacteristicsalsomakeitoneofthemostdifficult.toevaluate.Studiesofseasonalhabitatcharacteristicswillbecoordinatedonanannualbasiswiththelifehistoryanddistri-butionfishstudies(bothanadromousandresident).Expansionordeterminationofthesestudieswilldependupondeterminationandconfirmationoftheseasonalhabitatrequirementsbetweenvariouslifehistorystagesoftheresidentandanadromousfishandtherelationshipofseasonalhabitattovariousdischarges.Ifpositiveconfirmationisprovidedbythehabitatstudyinconjunctionwithotherbiologicalstudies,specificyear-to-yearstudylocationsshouldbeidentifiedforongoingprogramstodeterminetheeffectsoftheprojectonthefishandwildliferesourcesinthisportionofthebasin.c.WorkPlanThreefieldoperationswillbeaccomplishedintheinitialyearofthestudy.Thesearemainstemseasonalinstreamflowmeasurements,tributaryseasonalinstreamflowmeasurements,andcollectionofotherphysjochemicalandbiologicalhabitatdata.Acrewofbiologistsutilizingacustomizedriverboatastheirprimarymeansoftransportationwilloperateinthemainstemandselectedtributarysystemsduringtheice-freemonthsMaythroughOctoberto-procureequipment;establishandrefinelargeriverinstreamflowmeasurementtechniques;collectinstreamflowdataintermsofdepth,velocity,wettedperimeter,andsubstrate;and-collectwaterqualitydataasrelatedtodischarge.(2)TalkeetnaRiverconfluenceupstreamtoDevilCanyon.SpatialandseasonalhabitatrequirementsoffishpopulationsSeeResidentFishStudyProposal.(3)DevilCanyondamsiteupstreamtotheTyoneRiverconfluence.SpatialandseasonalhabitatrequirementsoffishpopulationsSeeResidentFishStudyProposal.5-251b.BackgroundThisreachoftheSusitnaRiverprovidesimportanthabitatforrearing,incubating,spawning,andmigratingresidentandanadromousfishspecies.Unfortunately,itsphysicalcharacteristicsalsomakeitoneofthemostdifficult.toevaluate.Studiesofseasonalhabitatcharacteristicswillbecoordinatedonanannualbasiswiththelifehistoryanddistri-butionfishstudies(bothanadromousandresident).Expansionordeterminationofthesestudieswilldependupondeterminationandconfirmationoftheseasonalhabitatrequirementsbetweenvariouslifehistorystagesoftheresidentandanadromousfishandtherelationshipofseasonalhabitattovariousdischarges.Ifpositiveconfirmationisprovidedbythehabitatstudyinconjunctionwithotherbiologicalstudies,specificyear-to-yearstudylocationsshouldbeidentifiedforongoingprogramstodeterminetheeffectsoftheprojectonthefishandwildliferesourcesinthisportionofthebasin.c.WorkPlanThreefieldoperationswillbeaccomplishedintheinitialyearofthestudy.Thesearemainstemseasonalinstreamflowmeasurements,tributaryseasonalinstreamflowmeasurements,andcollectionofotherphysjochemicalandbiologicalhabitatdata.Acrewofbiologistsutilizingacustomizedriverboatastheirprimarymeansoftransportationwilloperateinthemainstemandselectedtributarysystemsduringtheice-freemonthsMaythroughOctoberto-procureequipment;establishandrefinelargeriverinstreamflowmeasurementtechniques;collectinstreamflowdataintermsofdepth,velocity,wettedperimeter,andsubstrate;and-collectwaterqualitydataasrelatedtodischarge.(2)TalkeetnaRiverconfluenceupstreamtoDevilCanyon.SpatialandseasonalhabitatrequirementsoffishpopulationsSeeResidentFishStudyProposal.(3)DevilCanyondamsiteupstreamtotheTyoneRiverconfluence.SpatialandseasonalhabitatrequirementsoffishpopulationsSeeResidentFishStudyProposal.5-251 REFERENCESAlaskaDepartmentofFishandGame.1978.PreliminaryEnvironmentalAssessmentofHydroelectricDevelopmentontheSusitnaRiver.Anchorage.172pp..1979.SusitnaHydroBiologicalInvestigations.March.Anchorage.----,,2'1pp.AmericanFisheriesSocietyandAmericanSocietyofCivilEngineers.1976.InstreamFlowNeeds.VolumeI.(EditedbyJ.F.OrsbornandC.H.Allman).AmericanFisheriesSociety.Bethesda,Maryland.551pp..1976.InstreamFlowNeeds.VolumeII.------~C.H.Allman).AmericanFisheriesSociety.(EditedbyJ.F.OrsbornandBethesda,Maryland657pp.Bishop,D.M.1975.AHydrologicReconnaissanceoftheSusitnaRiverBelowDevilCanyon.AreportpreparedforNat.MarineFish.ServoofNOAA,Contractno.03-4-208-302.Environaid,Juneau,Alaska.54pp.Bovee,K.D.1978.ProbabilityofUseCriteriafortheFamilySalmonidae.InstreamFlowInformationPaperno.4.CooperativeInstreamFlowServiceGroup.FWS/OBS-78/07.Ft.Collins,Colorado.80pp.CooperativeInstreamFlowServiceGroup.1979.IncrementalMethodology.(pamphlet).OfficeofBiologicalServices.np.Copeland,M.D.,R.L.Stroup,andR.R.Rucker.1976.ProblemsinestimatingtheFish,Wildlife,andRecreationalValueoftheYellowstoneRiver.MontanaStateUniversity.Bozeman.42pp.Dailey,T.E.1976.ResearchonRecreationalandManagementAspectsofSport,Fishing:AnAnnotatedBibliography.PacificNorthwestForestandRangeExperimentStation.Seattle.56pp.Dwyer,J.F.,J.R.Kelly,andM.D.Bowes.1977.ImprovedProceduresforValuationoftheContributionofRecreationtoNationalEconomicDevelopment.Univ.ofIll.WaterResourcesCenterResearchReport(128):1-218.Elser,A.A.,R.C.McFarland,andDennisSchwehr.1977.TheEffectofAlteredStreamFlowontheFishoftheYellowstoneandTongueRivers,Montana.TechnicalReportno.8. YellowstoneImpactStudy.MontanaDept.ofNaturalResourcesandConservation.Helena.180pp.Erickson,M.L.1977.TheEffectofAlteredStreamFlowonWaterBasedRecreationintheYellowstoneRiverBasin,MontanaYellowstoneImpactStudy.TechnicalReportno.10.MontanaDept.ofNaturalResourcesandConservation.Helena.125pp.Fraser,J.C.1975.DeterminingDischargesforFluvialResources.CaliforniaDept.ofFishandGame.FAOFisheriesTechnicalPaperno.143.102pp.5-252REFERENCESAlaskaDepartmentofFishandGame.1978.PreliminaryEnvironmentalAssessmentofHydroelectricDevelopmentontheSusitnaRiver.Anchorage.172pp..1979.SusitnaHydroBiologicalInvestigations.March.Anchorage.----,,2'1pp.AmericanFisheriesSocietyandAmericanSocietyofCivilEngineers.1976.InstreamFlowNeeds.VolumeI.(EditedbyJ.F.OrsbornandC.H.Allman).AmericanFisheriesSociety.Bethesda,Maryland.551pp..1976.InstreamFlowNeeds.VolumeII.------~C.H.Allman).AmericanFisheriesSociety.(EditedbyJ.F.OrsbornandBethesda,Maryland657pp.Bishop,D.M.1975.AHydrologicReconnaissanceoftheSusitnaRiverBelowDevilCanyon.AreportpreparedforNat.MarineFish.ServoofNOAA,Contractno.03-4-208-302.Environaid,Juneau,Alaska.54pp.Bovee,K.D.1978.ProbabilityofUseCriteriafortheFamilySalmonidae.InstreamFlowInformationPaperno.4.CooperativeInstreamFlowServiceGroup.FWS/OBS-78/07.Ft.Collins,Colorado.80pp.CooperativeInstreamFlowServiceGroup.1979.IncrementalMethodology.(pamphlet).OfficeofBiologicalServices.np.Copeland,M.D.,R.L.Stroup,andR.R.Rucker.1976.ProblemsinestimatingtheFish,Wildlife,andRecreationalValueoftheYellowstoneRiver.MontanaStateUniversity.Bozeman.42pp.Dailey,T.E.1976.ResearchonRecreationalandManagementAspectsofSport,Fishing:AnAnnotatedBibliography.PacificNorthwestForestandRangeExperimentStation.Seattle.56pp.Dwyer,J.F.,J.R.Kelly,andM.D.Bowes.1977.ImprovedProceduresforValuationoftheContributionofRecreationtoNationalEconomicDevelopment.Univ.ofIll.WaterResourcesCenterResearchReport(128):1-218.Elser,A.A.,R.C.McFarland,andDennisSchwehr.1977.TheEffectofAlteredStreamFlowontheFishoftheYellowstoneandTongueRivers,Montana.TechnicalReportno.8. YellowstoneImpactStudy.MontanaDept.ofNaturalResourcesandConservation.Helena.180pp.Erickson,M.L.1977.TheEffectofAlteredStreamFlowonWaterBasedRecreationintheYellowstoneRiverBasin,MontanaYellowstoneImpactStudy.TechnicalReportno.10.MontanaDept.ofNaturalResourcesandConservation.Helena.125pp.Fraser,J.C.1975.DeterminingDischargesforFluvialResources.CaliforniaDept.ofFishandGame.FAOFisheriesTechnicalPaperno.143.102pp.5-252 Freudenburg,W.R.1976.MemorandumtoISPSMappingProjectonEnergyandtheSocial Sciences. SocialSciencePerspectivesontheEnergyBoomtown.YaleUniversity,.July7.51pp.1978.TowardEndingtheInattention:AReportontheSocialImpactsandPolicyImplicationsofEnergyBoomtownDevelopments.Preparedforthe144thNationalMeetingoftheAmericanAssoc.fortheAdvancementofScience.WashingtonStateUniv.Pullman.Feb.13.39pp.Gottschalk,J.A.1977.WildlifeHabitat-the"Priceless"ResourceBase.Trans.42nd.N.AmericanWildlifeandNat.Res.Conference.WildlifeManagementInstitute.Washington,D.C.pp.237-245.Hagan,R.M.,andE.B.Roberts.1973.EcologicalImpactsofWaterStorageandDiversionProjects.EnvironmentalQualityandWaterDevelopment.(EditedbyGoldman,C.R.,McEvoyIII,Games,RichersonandPeterG.)W.H.FreemanCo.SanFrancisco,Cal.np.Hinz,T.1977.TheEffectofAlteredStreamFlowonMigratoryBirdsoftheYellowstoneRiverBasin,Montana.YellowstoneImpactStudy.TechnicalReportno.7.MontanaDept.ofNaturalResourcesandConservation.Helena.107pp.Horvath,J.C.OrientedWildlife1974.EconomicSurveyofSoutheasternWildlifeandWildlifeRecreation.Trans.39thN.AmericanWildlifeandNat.Res.Conf.ManagementInstitute.Washington,D.C.March3-April3.np.Hynes,HBN.1970.TheEcologyofRunningWaters.UniversityofTorontoPress,Toronto,Canada.555pp.Judy,R.D.andJ.A.Gore.nd.APredictiveModelofBenthicInvertebrateDensitiesforUseinInstreamFlowStudies.CooperativeInstreamFlowServiceGroup.Ft.Collins,Colorado.np.Keller,E.A.1976.Columbus,Ohio.EnvironmentalGeology.488pp.CharlesE.MerrillPubl.Co.Klarich,D.A.andJ.Thomas.1977.TheEffectofAlteredStreamFlowontheWaterQualityoftheYellowstoneRiverBasin,Montana.YellowstoneImpactStudy. TechnicalReportno.3.MontanaDept.ofNaturalResourcesandConservation.Helena.393pp.Krutilla,.J.V.1967.ConservationReconsidered.AmericanEconomicReview.Espt.pp.777-786.Long,Bill.1978.HowMuchisitWorth?InformationCenter.Helena.March.DowntoEarth.Environmentalpp.20,21,30.Martin,P.R.1977.TheEffectofAlteredStreamFlowonFurbearingMammalsoftheYellowstoneRiverBasin,Montana.YellowstoneImpactStudy.TechnicalReportno.6.MontanaDept.ofNaturalResourcesandConservation.Helena.79pp.5-253Freudenburg,W.R.1976.MemorandumtoISPSMappingProjectonEnergyandtheSocial Sciences. SocialSciencePerspectivesontheEnergyBoomtown.YaleUniversity,.July7.51pp.1978.TowardEndingtheInattention:AReportontheSocialImpactsandPolicyImplicationsofEnergyBoomtownDevelopments.Preparedforthe144thNationalMeetingoftheAmericanAssoc.fortheAdvancementofScience.WashingtonStateUniv.Pullman.Feb.13.39pp.Gottschalk,J.A.1977.WildlifeHabitat-the"Priceless"ResourceBase.Trans.42nd.N.AmericanWildlifeandNat.Res.Conference.WildlifeManagementInstitute.Washington,D.C.pp.237-245.Hagan,R.M.,andE.B.Roberts.1973.EcologicalImpactsofWaterStorageandDiversionProjects.EnvironmentalQualityandWaterDevelopment.(EditedbyGoldman,C.R.,McEvoyIII,Games,RichersonandPeterG.)W.H.FreemanCo.SanFrancisco,Cal.np.Hinz,T.1977.TheEffectofAlteredStreamFlowonMigratoryBirdsoftheYellowstoneRiverBasin,Montana.YellowstoneImpactStudy.TechnicalReportno.7.MontanaDept.ofNaturalResourcesandConservation.Helena.107pp.Horvath,J.C.OrientedWildlife1974.EconomicSurveyofSoutheasternWildlifeandWildlifeRecreation.Trans.39thN.AmericanWildlifeandNat.Res.Conf.ManagementInstitute.Washington,D.C.March3-April3.np.Hynes,HBN.1970.TheEcologyofRunningWaters.UniversityofTorontoPress,Toronto,Canada.555pp.Judy,R.D.andJ.A.Gore.nd.APredictiveModelofBenthicInvertebrateDensitiesforUseinInstreamFlowStudies.CooperativeInstreamFlowServiceGroup.Ft.Collins,Colorado.np.Keller,E.A.1976.Columbus,Ohio.EnvironmentalGeology.488pp.CharlesE.MerrillPubl.Co.Klarich,D.A.andJ.Thomas.1977.TheEffectofAlteredStreamFlowontheWaterQualityoftheYellowstoneRiverBasin,Montana.YellowstoneImpactStudy. TechnicalReportno.3.MontanaDept.ofNaturalResourcesandConservation.Helena.393pp.Krutilla,.J.V.1967.ConservationReconsidered.AmericanEconomicReview.Espt.pp.777-786.Long,Bill.1978.HowMuchisitWorth?InformationCenter.Helena.March.DowntoEarth.Environmentalpp.20,21,30.Martin,P.R.1977.TheEffectofAlteredStreamFlowonFurbearingMammalsoftheYellowstoneRiverBasin,Montana.YellowstoneImpactStudy.TechnicalReportno.6.MontanaDept.ofNaturalResourcesandConservation.Helena.79pp.5-253 MontanaDepartmentofNaturalResourcesandConservation.1977.TheEconomicsofAlteredStreamFlowintheYellowstoneRiverBasin,Montana.YellowstoneImpactStudy.TechnicalReportno.11.MontanaDept.ofNaturalResourcesandConservation.31pp.Morrow,J.E.1979.PersonalCommunication.GeorgiaStateUniv.Atlanta.11pp.NationalParkService(NPS).1949.TheEconomicsofPublicRegulation:AnEconomicStudyoftheMonetaryEvaluationofRecreationintheNationalParks.NPS.Washington,D.C.np.Newell,R.L.1977.AquaticInvertebratesoftheYellowstoneRiverBasin,Montana,YellowstoneImpactStudy.TechnicalReportno.5.MontanaDept.ofNaturalResourcesandConservation.Helena.109pp.Orsborn,J.F.1974.DeterminingStreamFlowsfromGeomorphicParameters.JournaloftheIrrigationandDrainageDivision.ASCE.Vol.100,no.IR4.Proc.Paper10986.Dec.1974.pp.455-475.,andF.D.Deane.1976.InvestigationintoMethodsforDevelopinga----np'hysicalAnalysisforEvaluatingInstreamFlowNeeds.OWRTProjectno.A-084-WASH.OWRTAgreementno.14-31-0001-6050.AllotmentperiodJuly1,1975-June30,1976.WashingtonStateUniv.Pullman.112pp.____,,'andF.!.Watts.1979.ManualforaShortCourseonHydraulicsandHydrologyforFisheryBiologists.U.S.Dept.ofInterior.np.Rosenberg,D.H.,S.C.Burrell,K.V.Matarajan,andD.W.Hook.1967.OceanographyofCookInletwithSpecialReferencetotheEffluentfromtheCollierCarbonandChemicalPlant.InstituteofMarineScience.UniversityofAlaska,Fairbanks.Reportno.R67-5.80pp.Stalnaker,C.B.1979.InstreamFlowMethodolpgiesandWaterManagementUncertainty.Idaho'sWater6(2):1-3.Tennant,DonaldL.1975.InstreamFlowRegimesforFish,Wildlife,RecreationandRelatedEnvironmentalResources.U.S.FishandWildlifeService,711CentralAvenue,Billings,Montana.59102.30pp.UtahStateUniversity.1976.MethodologiesforDeterminationofStreamResourceFlowRequirements:AnAssessment.(EditedbyC.B.StalnakerandJ.L.Arnette).PreparedforU.S.FishandWildlifeService.Logan,Utah.199pp.WhiteHouse.1978.RemarksofthePresidentonWaterPolicy.June6.Washington,D.C.np.5-254MontanaDepartmentofNaturalResourcesandConservation.1977.TheEconomicsofAlteredStreamFlowintheYellowstoneRiverBasin,Montana.YellowstoneImpactStudy.TechnicalReportno.11.MontanaDept.ofNaturalResourcesandConservation.31pp.Morrow,J.E.1979.PersonalCommunication.GeorgiaStateUniv.Atlanta.11pp.NationalParkService(NPS).1949.TheEconomicsofPublicRegulation:AnEconomicStudyoftheMonetaryEvaluationofRecreationintheNationalParks.NPS.Washington,D.C.np.Newell,R.L.1977.AquaticInvertebratesoftheYellowstoneRiverBasin,Montana,YellowstoneImpactStudy.TechnicalReportno.5.MontanaDept.ofNaturalResourcesandConservation.Helena.109pp.Orsborn,J.F.1974.DeterminingStreamFlowsfromGeomorphicParameters.JournaloftheIrrigationandDrainageDivision.ASCE.Vol.100,no.IR4.Proc.Paper10986.Dec.1974.pp.455-475.,andF.D.Deane.1976.InvestigationintoMethodsforDevelopinga----np'hysicalAnalysisforEvaluatingInstreamFlowNeeds.OWRTProjectno.A-084-WASH.OWRTAgreementno.14-31-0001-6050.AllotmentperiodJuly1,1975-June30,1976.WashingtonStateUniv.Pullman.112pp.____,,'andF.!.Watts.1979.ManualforaShortCourseonHydraulicsandHydrologyforFisheryBiologists.U.S.Dept.ofInterior.np.Rosenberg,D.H.,S.C.Burrell,K.V.Matarajan,andD.W.Hook.1967.OceanographyofCookInletwithSpecialReferencetotheEffluentfromtheCollierCarbonandChemicalPlant.InstituteofMarineScience.UniversityofAlaska,Fairbanks.Reportno.R67-5.80pp.Stalnaker,C.B.1979.InstreamFlowMethodolpgiesandWaterManagementUncertainty.Idaho'sWater6(2):1-3.Tennant,DonaldL.1975.InstreamFlowRegimesforFish,Wildlife,RecreationandRelatedEnvironmentalResources.U.S.FishandWildlifeService,711CentralAvenue,Billings,Montana.59102.30pp.UtahStateUniversity.1976.MethodologiesforDeterminationofStreamResourceFlowRequirements:AnAssessment.(EditedbyC.B.StalnakerandJ.L.Arnette).PreparedforU.S.FishandWildlifeService.Logan,Utah.199pp.WhiteHouse.1978.RemarksofthePresidentonWaterPolicy.June6.Washington,D.C.np.5-254 Subtask7.11-WildlifeEcologyStudies(a)ObjectiveTheprimaryobjectiveofthissubtaskistoaccuratelydeterminethe·impacttheproposedSusitnaProjectwillhaveonthewildliferesourcesoftheUpperSusitnaRiverBasin.Inordertoaccomplishthisobjective,itwillbenecessaryto1)determinethespeciespresent,theirdistributionandrelativeabundance;2)gathersufficientdatatodevelopanunderstandingoftherelationshipbetweenkeywildlifespeciesandthedistribution,qualityandseasonalutilizationofhabitatcomponents;and3)determinethepredator-preyrelationshipsthatexistintheterrestrialsystem.(b)ApproachThegeneralphilosophyuponwhichtheapproachtothewildlifeecologyprogramwasdevelopedisthatthewildlifecommunityrepresentsasystem;thissystemisconnectedbymeansofacomplexvarietyofinterrelationships,andisinfluencedbythenatureanddistributionofplantcommunities.InordertoassesstheimpactoftheSusitnaProjectonanyonecomponentofthesystemitisnecessarytohaveathandbaselinedataonallmembersofthesystem.Toachievetheobjectivesofthisstudy,anappropriateapproachhasbeendevelopedforeachsection.Followingisasummaryoftheapproachthatwillbetakeninregardtobiggame,furbearers,andbirdsandnon-gamemammals.(1)BigGameThebiggamestudieshavebeendividedintothefollowingcategories:populationstudies,habitatstudies,impactassessmentandmitigationmeasures.Priortothedevelopmentofanimpactassessment,adetailedsurveyofcurrentbiggamepopulationswillbeconducted.PopulationdatawillbecollectedbytheAlaskaDepartmentofFishandGame.SpeciestobesurveyedbyADF&Ginclude:moose,caribou,bear,woIf,wo1verine,andDa11sheep.Seasonaldistribution,abundance,andhabitatpreferencemovementpatternswillbedeterminedforeachbiggamespeciesbyADF&G.Anextensivehabitatanalysiswillalsobeconducted.Thehabitateffortwi11beperformedprimarilyasapartofthePlantEcologyStudies(Subtask7.12).Althoughmuchofthedatacollectedunderthehabitatanalysiswillbeapplicabletoseveralbiggamespeciesaswellastheotherwildlifedisciplines,themajoremphasiswillbeplacedonmoosehabitat.PhaseI(pre-licenseapplication)ofthebiggamehabitatstudywillbelimitedprimarilytotheproductionofvegetationcover/habitatmapsthatwillprovideacreage,location,anddistributioninformationonmajorhabitattypes.5-255Subtask7.11-WildlifeEcologyStudies(a)ObjectiveTheprimaryobjectiveofthissubtaskistoaccuratelydeterminethe·impacttheproposedSusitnaProjectwillhaveonthewildliferesourcesoftheUpperSusitnaRiverBasin.Inordertoaccomplishthisobjective,itwillbenecessaryto1)determinethespeciespresent,theirdistributionandrelativeabundance;2)gathersufficientdatatodevelopanunderstandingoftherelationshipbetweenkeywildlifespeciesandthedistribution,qualityandseasonalutilizationofhabitatcomponents;and3)determinethepredator-preyrelationshipsthatexistintheterrestrialsystem.(b)ApproachThegeneralphilosophyuponwhichtheapproachtothewildlifeecologyprogramwasdevelopedisthatthewildlifecommunityrepresentsasystem;thissystemisconnectedbymeansofacomplexvarietyofinterrelationships,andisinfluencedbythenatureanddistributionofplantcommunities.InordertoassesstheimpactoftheSusitnaProjectonanyonecomponentofthesystemitisnecessarytohaveathandbaselinedataonallmembersofthesystem.Toachievetheobjectivesofthisstudy,anappropriateapproachhasbeendevelopedforeachsection.Followingisasummaryoftheapproachthatwillbetakeninregardtobiggame,furbearers,andbirdsandnon-gamemammals.(1)BigGameThebiggamestudieshavebeendividedintothefollowingcategories:populationstudies,habitatstudies,impactassessmentandmitigationmeasures.Priortothedevelopmentofanimpactassessment,adetailedsurveyofcurrentbiggamepopulationswillbeconducted.PopulationdatawillbecollectedbytheAlaskaDepartmentofFishandGame.SpeciestobesurveyedbyADF&Ginclude:moose,caribou,bear,woIf,wo1verine,andDa11sheep.Seasonaldistribution,abundance,andhabitatpreferencemovementpatternswillbedeterminedforeachbiggamespeciesbyADF&G.Anextensivehabitatanalysiswillalsobeconducted.Thehabitateffortwi11beperformedprimarilyasapartofthePlantEcologyStudies(Subtask7.12).Althoughmuchofthedatacollectedunderthehabitatanalysiswillbeapplicabletoseveralbiggamespeciesaswellastheotherwildlifedisciplines,themajoremphasiswillbeplacedonmoosehabitat.PhaseI(pre-licenseapplication)ofthebiggamehabitatstudywillbelimitedprimarilytotheproductionofvegetationcover/habitatmapsthatwillprovideacreage,location,anddistributioninformationonmajorhabitattypes.5-255 Duringthefirstyearofthestudy,anexpertwillbeselectedtoperformthebiggameimpactassessment.Thepersonselectedforthiseffortwillbehighlyqualifiedandtotallyobjective.ApprovaloftheAPAwillbesecuredpriortofinalizinganyarrangement.Theimpactassessmentwilldealwithbothshort-andlong-termimpacts.Theimpactzone~illincludetheentireUpperSusitnaRiverBasinaswellasdownstreamportionsoftheSusitnaRiver.PhaseIofthisstudywillalsoincludetheconsiderationandidentificationofpossiblemitigatingalternatives.ToprepareanactualmitigationplanduringPhaseI,withoutthebenefitofasounddatabase,wouldmostlikelyresultintheproductionofaplanbasedonspeculationratherthanfacts.Therefore,during1982,TESwillsubmitaproposalandcostestimatetodevelopadetailedmitigationplan.(2)FurbearersThefurbearerstudyeffortduringthepre-applicationphasewillbeatwo-yearsurveyandwillincludeanextensivesurveyofpopulationswithintheprojectregion.Thiswillincludealiteraturesearch,aswellastheidentificationofkeyspecies,generalabundancelevels,andthelocationofpreferredhabitatsandareasofnotableabundance.ApreliminaryassessmentofimpactswillalsobepreparedattheconclusionofPhaseI.(3)BirdsandNon-GameMammalsAnextensiveapproachaswellasanintensiveapproachwillbeusedforthesestudies.TheextensivebirdstudywillcoveralargeportionoftheUpperSusitnaBasinandwilldeterminethepresenceofpossiblyunexpectedspeciesorunexpectedconcentrationsofspecies.Intensivecensussiteswillbelocatedintheuplandandwetlandhabitatsandwillprovidedataonbirdspeciescompositionanddensityineachofthemostextensivehabitatsoftheregion,providing,amongotherthings,anindicationofhabitatuniquenessandproductivity.Asurveyofnon-gamemammalswillbeconducted,primarilyintheproposedimpoundmentarea,andwillprovideusefuldataonmanyimportantpreyspecies,suchashares,voles,andmice.Samplingeffortswillbecoordinatedwiththeavianstudyandwillutilizesimilarsamplingareasandhabitatdata.(c)DiscussionIndealingwithalargeareasuchastheUpperSusitnaRiverBasin,andattemptingtodevelopanadequateunderstandingofpotentialimpactsandpossiblemitigativemeasures,itisnecessarytostudytheentirefaunalcommunityanddelineatethecomplexinterrelationshipsthatexistamongthecomponentsoftheterrestrialsystem.Werealizethatcertainportions,orspecies,withinthesystemareconsideredimportantbycertaingroupsoragencies.Thisplanofstudyhasbeen5-256Duringthefirstyearofthestudy,anexpertwillbeselectedtoperformthebiggameimpactassessment.Thepersonselectedforthiseffortwillbehighlyqualifiedandtotallyobjective.ApprovaloftheAPAwillbesecuredpriortofinalizinganyarrangement.Theimpactassessmentwilldealwithbothshort-andlong-termimpacts.Theimpactzone~illincludetheentireUpperSusitnaRiverBasinaswellasdownstreamportionsoftheSusitnaRiver.PhaseIofthisstudywillalsoincludetheconsiderationandidentificationofpossiblemitigatingalternatives.ToprepareanactualmitigationplanduringPhaseI,withoutthebenefitofasounddatabase,wouldmostlikelyresultintheproductionofaplanbasedonspeculationratherthanfacts.Therefore,during1982,TESwillsubmitaproposalandcostestimatetodevelopadetailedmitigationplan.(2)FurbearersThefurbearerstudyeffortduringthepre-applicationphasewillbeatwo-yearsurveyandwillincludeanextensivesurveyofpopulationswithintheprojectregion.Thiswillincludealiteraturesearch,aswellastheidentificationofkeyspecies,generalabundancelevels,andthelocationofpreferredhabitatsandareasofnotableabundance.ApreliminaryassessmentofimpactswillalsobepreparedattheconclusionofPhaseI.(3)BirdsandNon-GameMammalsAnextensiveapproachaswellasanintensiveapproachwillbeusedforthesestudies.TheextensivebirdstudywillcoveralargeportionoftheUpperSusitnaBasinandwilldeterminethepresenceofpossiblyunexpectedspeciesorunexpectedconcentrationsofspecies.Intensivecensussiteswillbelocatedintheuplandandwetlandhabitatsandwillprovidedataonbirdspeciescompositionanddensityineachofthemostextensivehabitatsoftheregion,providing,amongotherthings,anindicationofhabitatuniquenessandproductivity.Asurveyofnon-gamemammalswillbeconducted,primarilyintheproposedimpoundmentarea,andwillprovideusefuldataonmanyimportantpreyspecies,suchashares,voles,andmice.Samplingeffortswillbecoordinatedwiththeavianstudyandwillutilizesimilarsamplingareasandhabitatdata.(c)DiscussionIndealingwithalargeareasuchastheUpperSusitnaRiverBasin,andattemptingtodevelopanadequateunderstandingofpotentialimpactsandpossiblemitigativemeasures,itisnecessarytostudytheentirefaunalcommunityanddelineatethecomplexinterrelationshipsthatexistamongthecomponentsoftheterrestrialsystem.Werealizethatcertainportions,orspecies,withinthesystemareconsideredimportantbycertaingroupsoragencies.Thisplanofstudyhasbeen5-256 designedtoconcentrateonsuchimportantspecies;however,regardlessoftheimportanceofthesespecies,theyareallpartofthetotalcommunitysystemandasatisfactoryunderstandingofanymemberofthesystemcannotbedevelopedwithoutinvestigatingtheentiresystem.Inthecaseofmanyspeciesaminimumof4or5yearsisneededtogainathoroughunderstandingofpopulationdynamics.Manyspecies,particularlysmalltomedium-sizedmammals,demonstratecyclicchangesindensity;andthusa1-or2-yearstudyishighlyrestrictiveinperspective.Likewise,largerspeciessuchasmooseandcaribou,demonstratedifferentmovementpatternsandhabitatneedsundervariousweatherconditions.ThusthewildlifedatacollectedduringPhaseIwillenablethepreparationofonlyapreliminaryimpactassessment.StudiesproposedafterthelicensingapplicationissubmittedaredesignedtosatisfythetimerequirementsofsomeaspectsoftheSusitnaWildlifestudyandassurethatadequateconsiderationofthebasicresearchneedsareaddressed.Arefinedandmorethoroughimpactprediction,aswellasaconsiderationofmitigationalternatives,willresultfromproposedPhaseIIefforts.(d)ScheduleWeeks1through117(e)DetailedScopeofWork(1)BigGameAlthoughTESproposestoapproachtheimpactevaluationofthewildliferesourcesoftheUpperSusitnaRiverBasinbyconsideringallcomponentsofthefaunalcommunity,werecognizethatbiggamespecieshaveauniqueimportanceinthiscase.ThereislittledoubtthattothepeopleofAlaska,andtothemajorresourceagencies,biggameisaveryvaluableresourceandisthusofmajorconsiderationintheimpactanalysisfortheSusitnaProject.a.PopulationStudiesPriortothedevelopmentofanimpactassessment,adetailedsurveyofcurrentgamepopulationswillbeconducted.PopulationdatawillbecollectedbytheAlaskaDepartmentofFishandGameaspresentedin(4)below.SpeciestobesurveyedbyADF&Ginclude:moose,caribou,bears,wolf,wolverine,andDallsheep.Seasonaldistribution,abundance,habitatpreferenceandmovementpatternswillbedeterminedforeachbiggamespeciesbyADF&G.Avarietyoftechniqueswillbeusedduringthisportionofthestudyandwillincludeaerialsurveysandradio-telemetry.WhilethemajoremphasiswillbeplacedontheUpperSusitnaBasinandtheimpoundmentarea,themoosepopulationstudieswillalsoincludetheriparianareasdownstreamfromTalkeetna.5-257designedtoconcentrateonsuchimportantspecies;however,regardlessoftheimportanceofthesespecies,theyareallpartofthetotalcommunitysystemandasatisfactoryunderstandingofanymemberofthesystemcannotbedevelopedwithoutinvestigatingtheentiresystem.Inthecaseofmanyspeciesaminimumof4or5yearsisneededtogainathoroughunderstandingofpopulationdynamics.Manyspecies,particularlysmalltomedium-sizedmammals,demonstratecyclicchangesindensity;andthusa1-or2-yearstudyishighlyrestrictiveinperspective.Likewise,largerspeciessuchasmooseandcaribou,demonstratedifferentmovementpatternsandhabitatneedsundervariousweatherconditions.ThusthewildlifedatacollectedduringPhaseIwillenablethepreparationofonlyapreliminaryimpactassessment.StudiesproposedafterthelicensingapplicationissubmittedaredesignedtosatisfythetimerequirementsofsomeaspectsoftheSusitnaWildlifestudyandassurethatadequateconsiderationofthebasicresearchneedsareaddressed.Arefinedandmorethoroughimpactprediction,aswellasaconsiderationofmitigationalternatives,willresultfromproposedPhaseIIefforts.(d)ScheduleWeeks1through117(e)DetailedScopeofWork(1)BigGameAlthoughTESproposestoapproachtheimpactevaluationofthewildliferesourcesoftheUpperSusitnaRiverBasinbyconsideringallcomponentsofthefaunalcommunity,werecognizethatbiggamespecieshaveauniqueimportanceinthiscase.ThereislittledoubtthattothepeopleofAlaska,andtothemajorresourceagencies,biggameisaveryvaluableresourceandisthusofmajorconsiderationintheimpactanalysisfortheSusitnaProject.a.PopulationStudiesPriortothedevelopmentofanimpactassessment,adetailedsurveyofcurrentgamepopulationswillbeconducted.PopulationdatawillbecollectedbytheAlaskaDepartmentofFishandGameaspresentedin(4)below.SpeciestobesurveyedbyADF&Ginclude:moose,caribou,bears,wolf,wolverine,andDallsheep.Seasonaldistribution,abundance,habitatpreferenceandmovementpatternswillbedeterminedforeachbiggamespeciesbyADF&G.Avarietyoftechniqueswillbeusedduringthisportionofthestudyandwillincludeaerialsurveysandradio-telemetry.WhilethemajoremphasiswillbeplacedontheUpperSusitnaBasinandtheimpoundmentarea,themoosepopulationstudieswillalsoincludetheriparianareasdownstreamfromTalkeetna.5-257 b.HabitatStudiesInadditiontopopulationdatacollectedonbiggamebyADF&G,anextensivehabitatanalysiswillbeconductedbyTES.Thehabitateffortwi11beperformedprimarilyasapartofthePlantEcologicalStudies.Habitatdatawillbeneededinordertoaccuratelypredicttheimpactoftheproposedproject,aswellastodeterminechangesthatcanbeexpectedtotakeplaceintheabsenceoftheproject.Althoughmuchofthedatacollectedunderthiseffortwillbeapplicabletoseveralspecies,themajoremphaseswillbeonmoosehabitat.PhaseIofthebiggamehabitatstudywillbelimitedprimarilytotheproductionofvegetationcover/habitatmapsthatwillprovideacreage,location,anddistributioninformationonmajorhabitattypes.TheUpperSusitnaBasinwillbemappedatascaleof1:250,000.Vegetationcover/habitatmapsatascaleof1:63,360wi11thenbeproducedforanarea10to12milesonbothsidesoftheSusitnaRiver,fromtheproposedsiteofDevilCanyondamtotheconfluenceoftheMcClarenRiver.Thedownstreamfloodp1ainsouthtoTalkeetnawi11bemappedatascaleof1:25,000.TheclassificationsystemtobeutilizedforthemappingisthesystemdevelopedbyDrynessandViereck.Themappingwillbetothethirdandfourthlevelofthissystem.Additionaldetailsconcerningthevegetationcover/habitatmappingeffortsarediscussedinSubtask7.12.ThequantitativeinformationrequiredformoredetailedimpactpredictionsconcerningmoosehabitatwillbeobtainedduringthePhaseIIeffort.Thiswillincludeanestimateofavailablebrowse,productivityofkeybrowsespecies,browsequalityandutilizationbymoose.DataofthisnaturewillbecollectedinportionsofboththeUpperSusitnaBasinanddownstreamfloodplain.PortionsofthestudyareaidentifiedduringthePhaseImoosepopulationstudiesascriticalwinteringareaswillbeusedforthequantitativebrowsestudies.Anassociatedaspectofthehabitatstudywi11beaplantsuccessionstudytobeconductedduringPhaseI.Thisstudywillattempttogainanunderstandingofsuccessionaltrendsandthefactorsinfluencingsuccessionalchanges.Thisinformationwillbeusefulinpredictingchanges,especiallyinregardtomoosehabitat,chatarelikelyto occurwithorwithouttheproject.AdditionaldetailsconcerningplantsuccessionstudiescanbefoundinSubtask7.12.c.ImpactAssessmentTESwillobtaintheservicesofanindividual,orgroup,toperformanindependentimpactassessmentonbiggame.Wewillutilizethefirstpartof1980todeterminewhichindividualisbestqualifiedtoassistonthisaspectofthestudyeffort.Thetwocriteriathatwillbeappliedintheselectionprocessare(1)expertqualificationsindealingwiththespeciesinvolved,5-258b.HabitatStudiesInadditiontopopulationdatacollectedonbiggamebyADF&G,anextensivehabitatanalysiswillbeconductedbyTES.Thehabitateffortwi11beperformedprimarilyasapartofthePlantEcologicalStudies.Habitatdatawillbeneededinordertoaccuratelypredicttheimpactoftheproposedproject,aswellastodeterminechangesthatcanbeexpectedtotakeplaceintheabsenceoftheproject.Althoughmuchofthedatacollectedunderthiseffortwillbeapplicabletoseveralspecies,themajoremphaseswillbeonmoosehabitat.PhaseIofthebiggamehabitatstudywillbelimitedprimarilytotheproductionofvegetationcover/habitatmapsthatwillprovideacreage,location,anddistributioninformationonmajorhabitattypes.TheUpperSusitnaBasinwillbemappedatascaleof1:250,000.Vegetationcover/habitatmapsatascaleof1:63,360wi11thenbeproducedforanarea10to12milesonbothsidesoftheSusitnaRiver,fromtheproposedsiteofDevilCanyondamtotheconfluenceoftheMcClarenRiver.Thedownstreamfloodp1ainsouthtoTalkeetnawi11bemappedatascaleof1:25,000.TheclassificationsystemtobeutilizedforthemappingisthesystemdevelopedbyDrynessandViereck.Themappingwillbetothethirdandfourthlevelofthissystem.Additionaldetailsconcerningthevegetationcover/habitatmappingeffortsarediscussedinSubtask7.12.ThequantitativeinformationrequiredformoredetailedimpactpredictionsconcerningmoosehabitatwillbeobtainedduringthePhaseIIeffort.Thiswillincludeanestimateofavailablebrowse,productivityofkeybrowsespecies,browsequalityandutilizationbymoose.DataofthisnaturewillbecollectedinportionsofboththeUpperSusitnaBasinanddownstreamfloodplain.PortionsofthestudyareaidentifiedduringthePhaseImoosepopulationstudiesascriticalwinteringareaswillbeusedforthequantitativebrowsestudies.Anassociatedaspectofthehabitatstudywi11beaplantsuccessionstudytobeconductedduringPhaseI.Thisstudywillattempttogainanunderstandingofsuccessionaltrendsandthefactorsinfluencingsuccessionalchanges.Thisinformationwillbeusefulinpredictingchanges,especiallyinregardtomoosehabitat,chatarelikelyto occurwithorwithouttheproject.AdditionaldetailsconcerningplantsuccessionstudiescanbefoundinSubtask7.12.c.ImpactAssessmentTESwillobtaintheservicesofanindividual,orgroup,toperformanindependentimpactassessmentonbiggame.Wewillutilizethefirstpartof1980todeterminewhichindividualisbestqualifiedtoassistonthisaspectofthestudyeffort.Thetwocriteriathatwillbeappliedintheselectionprocessare(1)expertqualificationsindealingwiththespeciesinvolved,5-258 andalsofamiliaritywiththesespeciesinsimilarsubarcticecosystems,and(2)independencefromanyinterestorconcernswiththestudyareaorthepoliticalaspectsofAlaskanwildliferesourcemanagement.Theimpactassessmentwilldealwithbothshort-termimpacts,suchasconstructionactivity,aswellaslong-termimpactswhichcouldinvolvedisruptionofmovementpatternsorpredator-preydynamics.TheimpactzoneonthesespecieswillprobablyincludetheentireUpperSusitnaRiverBasinaswellasdownstreamportionsoftheSusitnaRiver.Inordertodetermineaccuratelytheimpactoftheprojectitwillbenecessarytopredictlong-termchangesinhabitatandpopulationlevelsthatcanbeexpectedtooccurwithouttheproposedproject.Ofparamountimportancethroughouttheimpactzonewillbethelocationanddistributionofpreferredhabitat,particularlyinregardtopotentialbarrierscreatedbytheimpoundments.Thiswillbeofprimeimportancetomooseandcaribou,specieswhoseannualhabitatneedsvaryfromseasontoseasonandalsodifferundervariousweatherconditions.Asassociatedconcern,particularlyinregardtowolves,andtoalesserextentbears,willbethelocationofdenningsites.Whetherornottraditionallyusedwolfdensareflooded,ordisturbedbyhumanactivity,willlikelyinfluencetheabundance,atleast-inthenearfuture,ofwolvesintheUpperSusitnaBasin.d.MitigationAssumingthattheneteffectoftheSusitnaProjectonbiggamewillbeofanegativenature,itwillbenecessarytoconsidermitigativemeasuresthatcanbetaken.Mitigativemeasurescanbegroupedintotwocategories.Firstareeffortsthatcanbeimplementedtoreducetheimpactoftheprojectonthegamepopulationswithinthestudyareaorimpactzone.ThesecondtypeofmitigativemeasuresinvolvetheimprovementofhabitatoutsideoftheimpactzonetoincreasegamepopulationstoanextentwhichwouldcompensateforlossesattributabletotheSusitnaProject.Ineithercase,itwillrequirethecollectionofatleasttwoyears'databeforeenoughisknownaboutlikelyimpactssothatamitigationplancanbeformulated.Thisplanofstudyincludestimeandexpensestoconsiderandidentifypossiblemitigativealternatives..However,atthistime,basedontheavailableinformation,itwouldhavebeenprematureandhighlyspeculativetoproposeafull-scaleefforttodevelopamitigationplan.Therefore,itisrecommendedthatduring1982TES,throughAcres,submittotheAPAaproposalandassociatedcostestimatetodevelopamitigationplan.Atthatpointsufficientinformation,bothofabiologicalandengineeringnature,willexistuponwhichtostructureawelldesignedprogramtoaddresstheissueofmitigationforbiggame.5-259andalsofamiliaritywiththesespeciesinsimilarsubarcticecosystems,and(2)independencefromanyinterestorconcernswiththestudyareaorthepoliticalaspectsofAlaskanwildliferesourcemanagement.Theimpactassessmentwilldealwithbothshort-termimpacts,suchasconstructionactivity,aswellaslong-termimpactswhichcouldinvolvedisruptionofmovementpatternsorpredator-preydynamics.TheimpactzoneonthesespecieswillprobablyincludetheentireUpperSusitnaRiverBasinaswellasdownstreamportionsoftheSusitnaRiver.Inordertodetermineaccuratelytheimpactoftheprojectitwillbenecessarytopredictlong-termchangesinhabitatandpopulationlevelsthatcanbeexpectedtooccurwithouttheproposedproject.Ofparamountimportancethroughouttheimpactzonewillbethelocationanddistributionofpreferredhabitat,particularlyinregardtopotentialbarrierscreatedbytheimpoundments.Thiswillbeofprimeimportancetomooseandcaribou,specieswhoseannualhabitatneedsvaryfromseasontoseasonandalsodifferundervariousweatherconditions.Asassociatedconcern,particularlyinregardtowolves,andtoalesserextentbears,willbethelocationofdenningsites.Whetherornottraditionallyusedwolfdensareflooded,ordisturbedbyhumanactivity,willlikelyinfluencetheabundance,atleast-inthenearfuture,ofwolvesintheUpperSusitnaBasin.d.MitigationAssumingthattheneteffectoftheSusitnaProjectonbiggamewillbeofanegativenature,itwillbenecessarytoconsidermitigativemeasuresthatcanbetaken.Mitigativemeasurescanbegroupedintotwocategories.Firstareeffortsthatcanbeimplementedtoreducetheimpactoftheprojectonthegamepopulationswithinthestudyareaorimpactzone.ThesecondtypeofmitigativemeasuresinvolvetheimprovementofhabitatoutsideoftheimpactzonetoincreasegamepopulationstoanextentwhichwouldcompensateforlossesattributabletotheSusitnaProject.Ineithercase,itwillrequirethecollectionofatleasttwoyears'databeforeenoughisknownaboutlikelyimpactssothatamitigationplancanbeformulated.Thisplanofstudyincludestimeandexpensestoconsiderandidentifypossiblemitigativealternatives..However,atthistime,basedontheavailableinformation,itwouldhavebeenprematureandhighlyspeculativetoproposeafull-scaleefforttodevelopamitigationplan.Therefore,itisrecommendedthatduring1982TES,throughAcres,submittotheAPAaproposalandassociatedcostestimatetodevelopamitigationplan.Atthatpointsufficientinformation,bothofabiologicalandengineeringnature,willexistuponwhichtostructureawelldesignedprogramtoaddresstheissueofmitigationforbiggame.5-259 (2)FurbearersFurbearerswillbeinvestigatedforaperiodoftwoyearsduringPhaseIandforthreeadditionalyearsduringPhaseII.Thefollowingspeciesoffurbearerswillbeconsidered:redfox,coyote,pinemarten,mink,riverotter,lynx,beaver,andmuskrat.Studiesoffurbearerswillbesynchronizedwithfieldandlaboratoryinvestigationconductedbyprojectpersonnelpreparingvegetationcover/habitattypemapsandconductingstudiesofprojectimpactsuponotherterrestrialmammalsandbirds.UtilizationofdatafromotherdisciplinessuchashydrologyandsocioeconomicswillberequiredtoaccuratelypredicttheimpactoftheSusitnaProjectonfurbearers.PhaseI(1980and1981)willfocusoncollectingessentialdataforageneralizedassessmentoftheprojectuponfurbearerpopulation.ThefirstportionofPhaseIwillentailtheidentificationandreviewofexistinginformationconcerningfurbearersintheSusitnaValley.Duringtheearlymonthsof1980,librarieswithnorthernreferencecollectionsinAlaska,Canadaandthecontiguous48stateswillbesearchedtogatherbackgroundinformation.Biologists,trappers,andotherswithknowledgeoftheSusitnaValleywillbeinterviewedtoobtaindatatosupplementpublishedliterature.Fieldtechniqueswillbetestedand,whereneeded,newtechniquesdevelopedatthistime.ExtensivefieldsurveyswillstartinlateFebruaryandMarch1980.AdditionalfieldsurveyswillbeconductedinlateFebruaryandMarch1981,summer1980and1981,andearlywinter(November-December)1980and1981.Fieldworkwillbeconductedonanumberofstudysitesinrepresentativehabitatsinandadjacenttotheimpoundmentzonesanddownstreamareaslikelytobealteredbytheproposeddevelopment.Studysiteswillincludepredominantvegetationtypesandmajorphysiographicfeatures.Furbearerabundanceandhabitatpreferenceswillbedeterminedbytransectandscentstationsurveys.Aerialsurveyswillbeusedtolocateterrestrialfurbearersignsandbeaverlodgesanddams.Floatsoftheriverinsummerwillbeconductedtocountfurbearersdirectlyandtocorrelatetracksonsandbarswithwintertracksinthesameareas.Seasonalityofusewillbedeterminedwherepossible.Interviewsoftrappersandotherpersonswithknowledgeoftheareawillbeconductedtosupplementfieldsurveys.Relativeabundanceofeachspeciesoffurbearerswillbecorrelatedwiththemajortypesofhabitat,utilizingtheUniversityofAlaskacomputersystem.Assessmentsofprobableimpactswillbebaseduponpredictablechangesinhabitatandanticipatedhumanuseoftheareaifconstructionproceeds.(3)BirdsandNon-GameMammalsTheoverallobjectiveofthestudiesproposedbelowistodeterminewhatspeciesofbirdsandnon-gamemammalsusetheUpperSusitnaRiverBasininthevicinityoftheproposed5-260(2)FurbearersFurbearerswillbeinvestigatedforaperiodoftwoyearsduringPhaseIandforthreeadditionalyearsduringPhaseII.Thefollowingspeciesoffurbearerswillbeconsidered:redfox,coyote,pinemarten,mink,riverotter,lynx,beaver,andmuskrat.Studiesoffurbearerswillbesynchronizedwithfieldandlaboratoryinvestigationconductedbyprojectpersonnelpreparingvegetationcover/habitattypemapsandconductingstudiesofprojectimpactsuponotherterrestrialmammalsandbirds.UtilizationofdatafromotherdisciplinessuchashydrologyandsocioeconomicswillberequiredtoaccuratelypredicttheimpactoftheSusitnaProjectonfurbearers.PhaseI(1980and1981)willfocusoncollectingessentialdataforageneralizedassessmentoftheprojectuponfurbearerpopulation.ThefirstportionofPhaseIwillentailtheidentificationandreviewofexistinginformationconcerningfurbearersintheSusitnaValley.Duringtheearlymonthsof1980,librarieswithnorthernreferencecollectionsinAlaska,Canadaandthecontiguous48stateswillbesearchedtogatherbackgroundinformation.Biologists,trappers,andotherswithknowledgeoftheSusitnaValleywillbeinterviewedtoobtaindatatosupplementpublishedliterature.Fieldtechniqueswillbetestedand,whereneeded,newtechniquesdevelopedatthistime.ExtensivefieldsurveyswillstartinlateFebruaryandMarch1980.AdditionalfieldsurveyswillbeconductedinlateFebruaryandMarch1981,summer1980and1981,andearlywinter(November-December)1980and1981.Fieldworkwillbeconductedonanumberofstudysitesinrepresentativehabitatsinandadjacenttotheimpoundmentzonesanddownstreamareaslikelytobealteredbytheproposeddevelopment.Studysiteswillincludepredominantvegetationtypesandmajorphysiographicfeatures.Furbearerabundanceandhabitatpreferenceswillbedeterminedbytransectandscentstationsurveys.Aerialsurveyswillbeusedtolocateterrestrialfurbearersignsandbeaverlodgesanddams.Floatsoftheriverinsummerwillbeconductedtocountfurbearersdirectlyandtocorrelatetracksonsandbarswithwintertracksinthesameareas.Seasonalityofusewillbedeterminedwherepossible.Interviewsoftrappersandotherpersonswithknowledgeoftheareawillbeconductedtosupplementfieldsurveys.Relativeabundanceofeachspeciesoffurbearerswillbecorrelatedwiththemajortypesofhabitat,utilizingtheUniversityofAlaskacomputersystem.Assessmentsofprobableimpactswillbebaseduponpredictablechangesinhabitatandanticipatedhumanuseoftheareaifconstructionproceeds.(3)BirdsandNon-GameMammalsTheoverallobjectiveofthestudiesproposedbelowistodeterminewhatspeciesofbirdsandnon-gamemammalsusetheUpperSusitnaRiverBasininthevicinityoftheproposed5-260 impoundmentsandtodetermineonaseasonalbasisthehabitatsinwhichtheyarefoundandtheirabundance.Thisdatacanthenbeusedtoevaluatehabitatpotentialinthearea,toextrapolatepopulationdataforgivengeographicorhabitatunitswithintheregion,andtoevaluatepossiblemitigativemeasures,shouldtheyprovenecessary.a.ExtensiveAvifaunaSurveyAsurveyoftheavifaunaoftheUpperSusitnaRiverBasinwillbeconductedwithinanapproximate10-milebandoneithersideoftheriver,fromGoldCreektotheupriverlocationabovewhichtheimpoundmentwillnotinfluencethecurrenthabitat.Particularattentionwillbepaidtolong-livedspeci.es,thosethatareparticularlysensitivetohumandisturbance,thosesubjecttohuntingpressure,andanyendangeredspecies.Allhabitatsoftheregionwillbevisitedonaregularbasisthroughoutthemigrationandsummerperiods,andallbirdsseenorheardwillberecorded.Thisactivitywillprovidedataonseasonaluseoftheentireregionbybirdsandprovideabasisfordeterminingtherelativeabundanceofspecieswithinhabitatsaswellasa.generalindicationofhabitatproductivity.Oneortwoaerialsurveyswillbemadeeachyeartosearchforevidenceoflargenestingraptorssuchastheosprey,baldandgoldeneagles,peregrinefalcon,andgyrfalcon.Aerialsurveysofwaterfowlwillalsobeconductedoverwetlandareasperiodicallythroughoutthemigrationandsummerseasons.b.IntensiveAvifaunaCensusCensusplotswillbeestablishedduring1980ineachofthemajorterrestrialhabitatsinthevicinityoftheproposeddamsites.Whereverpossible,theseplotswillbesquare10-haplotsonsitesofuniformhabitat.Censusingwillbedonewithamodificationoftheterritorymappingmethod.Duringthebreedingseason(1981),7-9censuseswillbeconductedoneachp·lot;1or2censuseswi11beconductedduringthewintermonths(1980and/or1981).Thehabitatforeachbirdcensusplotwillbesampledindetailduring1980,usingthepoint-centeredquartermethod,withmodificationstoincludesamplingofgroundcoverandshrubvegetation.Foreachofthemajorhabitatscensused,avianspeciescompositionanddensitywillbecalculated.Foreachofthemorecommonbirdspeciesintheuplandhabitats,determinationofhabitatpreferences· willbeattemptedthroughtheuseofmultivariatestatisticaltechniques(1982only).Thesedataonhabitatproductivityandavianhabitatpreferenceswillprovideinsightsintotheeffectsofconstructionactivities5-261impoundmentsandtodetermineonaseasonalbasisthehabitatsinwhichtheyarefoundandtheirabundance.Thisdatacanthenbeusedtoevaluatehabitatpotentialinthearea,toextrapolatepopulationdataforgivengeographicorhabitatunitswithintheregion,andtoevaluatepossiblemitigativemeasures,shouldtheyprovenecessary.a.ExtensiveAvifaunaSurveyAsurveyoftheavifaunaoftheUpperSusitnaRiverBasinwillbeconductedwithinanapproximate10-milebandoneithersideoftheriver,fromGoldCreektotheupriverlocationabovewhichtheimpoundmentwillnotinfluencethecurrenthabitat.Particularattentionwillbepaidtolong-livedspeci.es,thosethatareparticularlysensitivetohumandisturbance,thosesubjecttohuntingpressure,andanyendangeredspecies.Allhabitatsoftheregionwillbevisitedonaregularbasisthroughoutthemigrationandsummerperiods,andallbirdsseenorheardwillberecorded.Thisactivitywillprovidedataonseasonaluseoftheentireregionbybirdsandprovideabasisfordeterminingtherelativeabundanceofspecieswithinhabitatsaswellasa.generalindicationofhabitatproductivity.Oneortwoaerialsurveyswillbemadeeachyeartosearchforevidenceoflargenestingraptorssuchastheosprey,baldandgoldeneagles,peregrinefalcon,andgyrfalcon.Aerialsurveysofwaterfowlwillalsobeconductedoverwetlandareasperiodicallythroughoutthemigrationandsummerseasons.b.IntensiveAvifaunaCensusCensusplotswillbeestablishedduring1980ineachofthemajorterrestrialhabitatsinthevicinityoftheproposeddamsites.Whereverpossible,theseplotswillbesquare10-haplotsonsitesofuniformhabitat.Censusingwillbedonewithamodificationoftheterritorymappingmethod.Duringthebreedingseason(1981),7-9censuseswillbeconductedoneachp·lot;1or2censuseswi11beconductedduringthewintermonths(1980and/or1981).Thehabitatforeachbirdcensusplotwillbesampledindetailduring1980,usingthepoint-centeredquartermethod,withmodificationstoincludesamplingofgroundcoverandshrubvegetation.Foreachofthemajorhabitatscensused,avianspeciescompositionanddensitywillbecalculated.Foreachofthemorecommonbirdspeciesintheuplandhabitats,determinationofhabitatpreferences· willbeattemptedthroughtheuseofmultivariatestatisticaltechniques(1982only).Thesedataonhabitatproductivityandavianhabitatpreferenceswillprovideinsightsintotheeffectsofconstructionactivities5-261 andsubsequentimpoundmentsontheavifaunaoftheregion.Itshouldbepossible,throughextrapolation,toroughlyestimatethenumberofbirdsofeachspeciesthatwillbedisplacedfromterrestrialhabitatsasaresultofhabitatdestructioncausedbyconstructionandimpoundments.Itwillalsobepossibletopredictwhatspecieswillbeattractedtotheregionafterconstruction,basedonhabitatchangescausedbyconstruction(revegetation)orchangesinwaterlevel.c.Non-GameMammalSurveyDuring1980traplinetransectswillbeestablishedineachofthemajorterrestrialhabitatsinthevicinityoftheproposeddamsitesandinseveralwetlandhabitats.Censusingofshrews,volesandmicewillbeconductedusingtheNorthAmericanCensusofSmallMammalssnap-trappingtechnique.Twoparalleltransectswillbeestablished,eachastraightline289mlong,consistingof20trapstations.Ateachstation,amaximumofthreesnap-trapsandonepitfalltrapwillbesetforthreeconsecutivenights.Onelate-spring/early-summer,onefall,andpossiblyonewintercensuswillbeconductedoneachofthehabitatplots.Samplingwillbeconductedduring1980and1981ofPhaseIandcontinuedthroughPhaseII(1982and1983).Habitatdataateachtrapsitewillbegatheredincoordinationwiththatgatheredfortheavianstudies,usingthepoint-centeredquartermethod,withadditionalvariablesusedtoquantifygroundcoverandothermicrohabitatvariables.Ifawintercensusismade,snowcovercharacteristicswillbesampled(e.g.,snowdepth,densityandhardness,layering,etc.).Foreachofthehabitatscensused,mammalspeciescompositionandrelativeabundancewillbecalculated.Foreachnon-gamemammalspeciesofsufficientsamplesize,quantificationofmacro-andmicro-habitatpreferenceswillbeattempted.Moregeneralmethodswillbeusedtoquantifythepresenceofsuchspeciesasthelittlebrownbat,collaredpika,snowshoehare,hoarymarmot,arcticgroundsquirrel,redsquirrel,andflyingsquirrel.Withinthestudyplots,therelativeamountofsightingsandsign(burrowentrances,cone"middens",scat,etc.)willbetabulated,andattemptswillbemadetolocateandmapanyconcentrationsofhoarymarmotandarcticgroundsquirrel.Somerandomtrappingwillbeconducted,astimeandopportunitypermit,inotherpartsoftheUpperSusitnaRiverBasinandinlesserhabitatsnotcoveredbythemainplots,inordertopermitthedetectionofspeciesintheareathatmaynotoccurontheintensiveplots.5-262andsubsequentimpoundmentsontheavifaunaoftheregion.Itshouldbepossible,throughextrapolation,toroughlyestimatethenumberofbirdsofeachspeciesthatwillbedisplacedfromterrestrialhabitatsasaresultofhabitatdestructioncausedbyconstructionandimpoundments.Itwillalsobepossibletopredictwhatspecieswillbeattractedtotheregionafterconstruction,basedonhabitatchangescausedbyconstruction(revegetation)orchangesinwaterlevel.c.Non-GameMammalSurveyDuring1980traplinetransectswillbeestablishedineachofthemajorterrestrialhabitatsinthevicinityoftheproposeddamsitesandinseveralwetlandhabitats.Censusingofshrews,volesandmicewillbeconductedusingtheNorthAmericanCensusofSmallMammalssnap-trappingtechnique.Twoparalleltransectswillbeestablished,eachastraightline289mlong,consistingof20trapstations.Ateachstation,amaximumofthreesnap-trapsandonepitfalltrapwillbesetforthreeconsecutivenights.Onelate-spring/early-summer,onefall,andpossiblyonewintercensuswillbeconductedoneachofthehabitatplots.Samplingwillbeconductedduring1980and1981ofPhaseIandcontinuedthroughPhaseII(1982and1983).Habitatdataateachtrapsitewillbegatheredincoordinationwiththatgatheredfortheavianstudies,usingthepoint-centeredquartermethod,withadditionalvariablesusedtoquantifygroundcoverandothermicrohabitatvariables.Ifawintercensusismade,snowcovercharacteristicswillbesampled(e.g.,snowdepth,densityandhardness,layering,etc.).Foreachofthehabitatscensused,mammalspeciescompositionandrelativeabundancewillbecalculated.Foreachnon-gamemammalspeciesofsufficientsamplesize,quantificationofmacro-andmicro-habitatpreferenceswillbeattempted.Moregeneralmethodswillbeusedtoquantifythepresenceofsuchspeciesasthelittlebrownbat,collaredpika,snowshoehare,hoarymarmot,arcticgroundsquirrel,redsquirrel,andflyingsquirrel.Withinthestudyplots,therelativeamountofsightingsandsign(burrowentrances,cone"middens",scat,etc.)willbetabulated,andattemptswillbemadetolocateandmapanyconcentrationsofhoarymarmotandarcticgroundsquirrel.Somerandomtrappingwillbeconducted,astimeandopportunitypermit,inotherpartsoftheUpperSusitnaRiverBasinandinlesserhabitatsnotcoveredbythemainplots,inordertopermitthedetectionofspeciesintheareathatmaynotoccurontheintensiveplots.5-262 (4)DetailedDescriptionofADF&GBigGameStudiesa.Moosedistribution,movementsandhabitatuseinthevicinityofproposedimpoundments.ObjectivesToidentifymoosesubpopulationsusinghabitatthatwillbeinundatedbyproposedimpoundments,theseasonaldistribution,movementpatterns,sizeandtrendsofthosesubpopulations,andthetiminganddegreeofdependencyofthosesubpopulationsonhabitattobeimpactedbytheSusitnaHydroelectricProject.BackgroundPreliminarystudiesindicatedthatseverallooselydefinedsubpopulationsofmooseinhabitproposedimpoundmentareasforallorpartoftheyear.Mostmoosestudiedexhibitedaltitudinalmigrationpatterns,spendingsummersathighere1evationsoftenoutsidetheproposedimpoundmentareasandwintersatlowerelevationsoftenwithinoradjacenttoimpoundmentareas.ThereforethemostsevereimpactsoftheSusitnaHydropowerprojectonmooseupstreamfromDevilCanyonareexpectedtoresultfrominundationofandblockageofmigrationstocriticalwinterrange.Sincesomemoosemigratetosummerrangeupto60milesfromtheirwinterrange,reductionsinthecapacityofwinterrangemayresultinreduceddensitiesofmooseoveravastarea.Thebasicapproachofthisstudyistoidentifythesubpopulationsofmooseusingpotentialimpoundmentareasandtoquantifytheirdependenceonthoseareas.Forexample,winterrangeofeachsubpopulationwillbedelineatedandtheproportionofavailablewinterrangethatwillbelostwillbeestimated.Factorssuchasbrowseproduction,qualityandavailabilityundervaryingenvironmentalconditionswillbeconsidered.Sinceenvironmentalconditionsinfluencingthesefactorsvaryfromyeartoyearitwillbenecessarytocontinuethesestudiesforseveralyears.Boththeshorttermimpactonthepresentmoosepopulationandthelongertermlossofpotentialpopulationsizewillbeestimatedbydeterminingthesizeandtrendsoftheexistingpopulationandassessingitsstatusinrelationtothepresentcapacityandtrendsoftherange.Therelationshipbetweenmoosehabitatandmoosepopulationiscomplex.Itisdifficulttoquantifythisrelationshipandimpracticaltoattempttomeasureallaspectsovertheentireimpactarea.Thereforeitwillbenecessarytoconductintensivestudies5-263(4)DetailedDescriptionofADF&GBigGameStudiesa.Moosedistribution,movementsandhabitatuseinthevicinityofproposedimpoundments.ObjectivesToidentifymoosesubpopulationsusinghabitatthatwillbeinundatedbyproposedimpoundments,theseasonaldistribution,movementpatterns,sizeandtrendsofthosesubpopulations,andthetiminganddegreeofdependencyofthosesubpopulationsonhabitattobeimpactedbytheSusitnaHydroelectricProject.BackgroundPreliminarystudiesindicatedthatseverallooselydefinedsubpopulationsofmooseinhabitproposedimpoundmentareasforallorpartoftheyear.Mostmoosestudiedexhibitedaltitudinalmigrationpatterns,spendingsummersathighere1evationsoftenoutsidetheproposedimpoundmentareasandwintersatlowerelevationsoftenwithinoradjacenttoimpoundmentareas.ThereforethemostsevereimpactsoftheSusitnaHydropowerprojectonmooseupstreamfromDevilCanyonareexpectedtoresultfrominundationofandblockageofmigrationstocriticalwinterrange.Sincesomemoosemigratetosummerrangeupto60milesfromtheirwinterrange,reductionsinthecapacityofwinterrangemayresultinreduceddensitiesofmooseoveravastarea.Thebasicapproachofthisstudyistoidentifythesubpopulationsofmooseusingpotentialimpoundmentareasandtoquantifytheirdependenceonthoseareas.Forexample,winterrangeofeachsubpopulationwillbedelineatedandtheproportionofavailablewinterrangethatwillbelostwillbeestimated.Factorssuchasbrowseproduction,qualityandavailabilityundervaryingenvironmentalconditionswillbeconsidered.Sinceenvironmentalconditionsinfluencingthesefactorsvaryfromyeartoyearitwillbenecessarytocontinuethesestudiesforseveralyears.Boththeshorttermimpactonthepresentmoosepopulationandthelongertermlossofpotentialpopulationsizewillbeestimatedbydeterminingthesizeandtrendsoftheexistingpopulationandassessingitsstatusinrelationtothepresentcapacityandtrendsoftherange.Therelationshipbetweenmoosehabitatandmoosepopulationiscomplex.Itisdifficulttoquantifythisrelationshipandimpracticaltoattempttomeasureallaspectsovertheentireimpactarea.Thereforeitwillbenecessarytoconductintensivestudies5-263 inonlyportionsoftheareatoestimatetherelativecapacityofcertainhabitattypesundercertainenvironmentalconditions.Theseestimateswillthenbeextrapolatedtotheentireimpactareaonthebasisofmoreextensivemoosepopulationstudiesandhabitatmaps.Dataderiveddirectlyfromthemoosewillbecollectedunderthissubtaskwhiledataderivedfromthemoose'shabitatwillbecollectedunderothersubtasks,particularly7.12PlantEcology.ItisanticipatedthatbytheendofPhaseIthebasicdistributionandmovementpatternsofthemajormoosesubpopulationswillbeknown.Thepresentnumberofmooseusingthestudyareawillbeestimated.Aroughestimateofthepercentageofwinterhabitatusedduringthewinterof1980-81thatwillbelostshouldbepossible.Itshouldbepossibletoestimatethescopeandarangeofmagnitudeofpotentialimpacts.StudiesmustbecontinuedthroughPhaseIItodetermineimpactsunderawidervarietyofenvironmentalconditionsandtotestandrefinetheestimatesmadeattheendofPhaseI.ProceduresApproximately60moosewillberadio-collaredduringthefirstyearofstudy.MostofthesewillbecollaredinMarch1980whenmooseareonwinterrangeandmostlikelytobeinornearproposedimpoundmentareas.Subsequentcollaringoperationswillbeconductedasneededtoreplacecollarsandtofilldatagaps.MoosewillbecollaredfromDevilCanyontotheconfluenceoftheMaclarenandSusitnaRivers;howeveritisanticipatedthatmostwillbecollaredinthevicinityoftheproposedWatanaimpoundmentwhichisexpectedtoimpactmoremoosethantheDevilCanyonimpoundment.Radio-collaredmoosewillberelocatedatleasttwiceamonthtodelineateseasonalranges.Moreintensivemonitoringwillbeconductedasneededtodeterminemigrationpatternsandcalvingareasandtodelineatecriticalwinterrange.Thespecificlocation,habitattype,activity,andassociationwithothermoosewi11berecordedforeachre1ocation.Habitattypewi11beclassifiedaccordingtothesystemthatwillbeusedinhabitatmappingundersubtask7.12.Periodicsystematicaerialsurveyswillbemadeduringwintertofurtherdelineatewinterrangesandquantifytherelativeuseofspecificareasandhabitattypesinandoutofproposedimpoundmentareas.Totheextentpossiblemoosewi11beclassifiedbysexandageclassasanaidinidentifyingsegregationpatternsanddeterminingpopulationtrends.Moosenumberswillbeestimatedthroughquadratsamplingtechniquesduringlaterwinter.5-264inonlyportionsoftheareatoestimatetherelativecapacityofcertainhabitattypesundercertainenvironmentalconditions.Theseestimateswillthenbeextrapolatedtotheentireimpactareaonthebasisofmoreextensivemoosepopulationstudiesandhabitatmaps.Dataderiveddirectlyfromthemoosewillbecollectedunderthissubtaskwhiledataderivedfromthemoose'shabitatwillbecollectedunderothersubtasks,particularly7.12PlantEcology.ItisanticipatedthatbytheendofPhaseIthebasicdistributionandmovementpatternsofthemajormoosesubpopulationswillbeknown.Thepresentnumberofmooseusingthestudyareawillbeestimated.Aroughestimateofthepercentageofwinterhabitatusedduringthewinterof1980-81thatwillbelostshouldbepossible.Itshouldbepossibletoestimatethescopeandarangeofmagnitudeofpotentialimpacts.StudiesmustbecontinuedthroughPhaseIItodetermineimpactsunderawidervarietyofenvironmentalconditionsandtotestandrefinetheestimatesmadeattheendofPhaseI.ProceduresApproximately60moosewillberadio-collaredduringthefirstyearofstudy.MostofthesewillbecollaredinMarch1980whenmooseareonwinterrangeandmostlikelytobeinornearproposedimpoundmentareas.Subsequentcollaringoperationswillbeconductedasneededtoreplacecollarsandtofilldatagaps.MoosewillbecollaredfromDevilCanyontotheconfluenceoftheMaclarenandSusitnaRivers;howeveritisanticipatedthatmostwillbecollaredinthevicinityoftheproposedWatanaimpoundmentwhichisexpectedtoimpactmoremoosethantheDevilCanyonimpoundment.Radio-collaredmoosewillberelocatedatleasttwiceamonthtodelineateseasonalranges.Moreintensivemonitoringwillbeconductedasneededtodeterminemigrationpatternsandcalvingareasandtodelineatecriticalwinterrange.Thespecificlocation,habitattype,activity,andassociationwithothermoosewi11berecordedforeachre1ocation.Habitattypewi11beclassifiedaccordingtothesystemthatwillbeusedinhabitatmappingundersubtask7.12.Periodicsystematicaerialsurveyswillbemadeduringwintertofurtherdelineatewinterrangesandquantifytherelativeuseofspecificareasandhabitattypesinandoutofproposedimpoundmentareas.Totheextentpossiblemoosewi11beclassifiedbysexandageclassasanaidinidentifyingsegregationpatternsanddeterminingpopulationtrends.Moosenumberswillbeestimatedthroughquadratsamplingtechniquesduringlaterwinter.5-264 Thelongandshorttermnutritionalstatusofmoosecapturedforcollaringwillbeassessedthroughestablishedtechniquesusingmorphometricmeasurements,conditionclassification,bloodchemistryandhairmineralelementlevels.RelationshiptoOtherSubtasksProceduresforrecordingandhandlingdatawillbecoordinatedwiththoseofotherwildlifestudiestoensureefficiencyinlaterimpactanalysis.Personnelandlogisticswillbecoordinatedamongallbiggamestudies.Inparticularwolfandwolverinetaggingwillbecoordinatedwithmoosetaggingandwhenfeasibleseveralspecieswillberadio-trackedonthesameflight.Moosestudieswillbecloselycoordinatedwithplantecologystudies.MoosedistributiondatacollectedbetweenJanuaryandMarch1980willbeusedtodelineateareasfordetailedhabitatmappingandforselectionofintensivevegetationstudyareas.Thesehabitatmapswillbeusedintheanalysisofmoosedistributiondata.Itisanticipatedthatcontinualcoordinationbetweeninvestigatorsofbothsubtaskswillbemaintainedtoensureefficiencyofstudydesignandcompatabilityofdata.Snowconditionsstronglyinfluencemoosemovementsandbrowseavailability.Requirementsforsnowdatawillbedeterminedonthebasisoffinalprojectdesignandselectionofdetailedvegetationstudyareas.Ifpossibletheseneedswillbecoordinatedwiththoseofthehydrologicfielddatacollectionprogram.Itmaybenecessarytoestablishadditionalstationssolelyonthebasisofmoosestudyneeds.b.Moosedistribution,movementsandhabitatusedownstreamfromDevilCanyon.ObjectivesToidentifymoosesubpopulationsusinghabitatthatwillbealteredbychangesinstreamflowbelowDevilCanyon,theseasonaldistribution,movementpatterns,sizeandtrendsofthosesubpopulations,andthetiminganddegreeofdependencyofthosesubpopulationsonhabitattobeimpactedbyalteredflowregimesoftheSusitnaRiver.5-265Thelongandshorttermnutritionalstatusofmoosecapturedforcollaringwillbeassessedthroughestablishedtechniquesusingmorphometricmeasurements,conditionclassification,bloodchemistryandhairmineralelementlevels.RelationshiptoOtherSubtasksProceduresforrecordingandhandlingdatawillbecoordinatedwiththoseofotherwildlifestudiestoensureefficiencyinlaterimpactanalysis.Personnelandlogisticswillbecoordinatedamongallbiggamestudies.Inparticularwolfandwolverinetaggingwillbecoordinatedwithmoosetaggingandwhenfeasibleseveralspecieswillberadio-trackedonthesameflight.Moosestudieswillbecloselycoordinatedwithplantecologystudies.MoosedistributiondatacollectedbetweenJanuaryandMarch1980willbeusedtodelineateareasfordetailedhabitatmappingandforselectionofintensivevegetationstudyareas.Thesehabitatmapswillbeusedintheanalysisofmoosedistributiondata.Itisanticipatedthatcontinualcoordinationbetweeninvestigatorsofbothsubtaskswillbemaintainedtoensureefficiencyofstudydesignandcompatabilityofdata.Snowconditionsstronglyinfluencemoosemovementsandbrowseavailability.Requirementsforsnowdatawillbedeterminedonthebasisoffinalprojectdesignandselectionofdetailedvegetationstudyareas.Ifpossibletheseneedswillbecoordinatedwiththoseofthehydrologicfielddatacollectionprogram.Itmaybenecessarytoestablishadditionalstationssolelyonthebasisofmoosestudyneeds.b.Moosedistribution,movementsandhabitatusedownstreamfromDevilCanyon.ObjectivesToidentifymoosesubpopulationsusinghabitatthatwillbealteredbychangesinstreamflowbelowDevilCanyon,theseasonaldistribution,movementpatterns,sizeandtrendsofthosesubpopulations,andthetiminganddegreeofdependencyofthosesubpopulationsonhabitattobeimpactedbyalteredflowregimesoftheSusitnaRiver.5-265 BackgroundIslandsandbarsintheSusitnaRiverareheavilyusedbymooseduringwinter,particularlyinyearsofdeepsnow.Amajorfactormakingtheseareasattractivetomooseappearstobethemaintenanceofvegetationinasubclimaxstagebytheexistingflowregimeoftheriver.Themechanismsettingbackplantsuccessiveisnotknown.Periodicfloodingmaybethedominantfactorbutotherfactorssuchassiltation,normalchannelerosion,icescouringandsoilmoisturemay,alsobeimportant.AlterationoftheSusitnaRiverflowregimebytheSusitnaHydroelectricProjectwillprobablyresultinchangesinvegetationdownstream.The'natureandmagnitudeofthesechangesareunknownbutcouldbesignificanttomooseandotherspeciesofwildlife.Itispossiblethatevenminorchangesinflowsuchasdampeningofextremefloodlevelsbyafewinchescouldaltermanyacresofcriticalmoosewinterrange.Suchalterationscouldinfluencemooseabundanceoveralargearea.Becauseofthemanyunknowns,assessmentoftheimpactoftheSusitnaHydroelectricProjectonmoosepopulationsinthelowerSusitnaRiverdrainagewillrequiresynthesisofinformationfromseveraldisciplinesincludinghydrology,geomorphology,plantecologyandwildlifeecology.Underidealcircumstancesasystematicprogressionofstudiesstartingwithhydrologyandendingwithwildlifeecologyshouldbefollowed.However,thescheduletimeframefordevelopingtheSusitnaHydroelectricProjectisincompatiblewiththisapproach.Thereforeitwillbenecessarytoconductanumberofstudiessimultaneously.ThebasicapproachwillbetoidentifymechanismsofimpactandroughlyestimatethepotentialmagnitudeofimpactduringPhaseI.Ifsignificantimpactsareidentifiedthestudieswillberedesignedtoproduceamorereliableestimateofimpactandtoprovideaninitialassessmentofmitigationpossibilities.StudiesoftheeffectsofwaterconditionsonmoosehabitatwillbeconductedunderSubtask7.12PlantEcology.ItisanticipatedthatbytheendofPhaseIthesestudieswillindicateifsubstantialchangeswillbecausedbythepredictedpost-constructionflowregime.Ahabitatmap,whichwillalsobepreparedunderSubtask7.12duringPhaseI,willprovideabasisforpreliminaryestimatesofacreagesthatmightbealtered.IfsignificantvegetationchangesareindicatedbythePhaseIstudiestheseestimateswillberefinedduringPhaseII.Thedependencyofmooseonhabitatsubjecttoalterationwillbeassessedunderthissubtask.DuringPhaseImoosewinteringareasonandadjacenttotheriverwi11bedelineatedandtherelativeuseofvarioushabitattypes,particularlythosesubjecttoperiodicflooding,willbedetermined.Thiswillprovidethebasisforapreliminaryestimateoftheproportionofwinterrangethatmaybealtered;however,thisestimatewillbevalid5-266BackgroundIslandsandbarsintheSusitnaRiverareheavilyusedbymooseduringwinter,particularlyinyearsofdeepsnow.Amajorfactormakingtheseareasattractivetomooseappearstobethemaintenanceofvegetationinasubclimaxstagebytheexistingflowregimeoftheriver.Themechanismsettingbackplantsuccessiveisnotknown.Periodicfloodingmaybethedominantfactorbutotherfactorssuchassiltation,normalchannelerosion,icescouringandsoilmoisturemay,alsobeimportant.AlterationoftheSusitnaRiverflowregimebytheSusitnaHydroelectricProjectwillprobablyresultinchangesinvegetationdownstream.The'natureandmagnitudeofthesechangesareunknownbutcouldbesignificanttomooseandotherspeciesofwildlife.Itispossiblethatevenminorchangesinflowsuchasdampeningofextremefloodlevelsbyafewinchescouldaltermanyacresofcriticalmoosewinterrange.Suchalterationscouldinfluencemooseabundanceoveralargearea.Becauseofthemanyunknowns,assessmentoftheimpactoftheSusitnaHydroelectricProjectonmoosepopulationsinthelowerSusitnaRiverdrainagewillrequiresynthesisofinformationfromseveraldisciplinesincludinghydrology,geomorphology,plantecologyandwildlifeecology.Underidealcircumstancesasystematicprogressionofstudiesstartingwithhydrologyandendingwithwildlifeecologyshouldbefollowed.However,thescheduletimeframefordevelopingtheSusitnaHydroelectricProjectisincompatiblewiththisapproach.Thereforeitwillbenecessarytoconductanumberofstudiessimultaneously.ThebasicapproachwillbetoidentifymechanismsofimpactandroughlyestimatethepotentialmagnitudeofimpactduringPhaseI.Ifsignificantimpactsareidentifiedthestudieswillberedesignedtoproduceamorereliableestimateofimpactandtoprovideaninitialassessmentofmitigationpossibilities.StudiesoftheeffectsofwaterconditionsonmoosehabitatwillbeconductedunderSubtask7.12PlantEcology.ItisanticipatedthatbytheendofPhaseIthesestudieswillindicateifsubstantialchangeswillbecausedbythepredictedpost-constructionflowregime.Ahabitatmap,whichwillalsobepreparedunderSubtask7.12duringPhaseI,willprovideabasisforpreliminaryestimatesofacreagesthatmightbealtered.IfsignificantvegetationchangesareindicatedbythePhaseIstudiestheseestimateswillberefinedduringPhaseII.Thedependencyofmooseonhabitatsubjecttoalterationwillbeassessedunderthissubtask.DuringPhaseImoosewinteringareasonandadjacenttotheriverwi11bedelineatedandtherelativeuseofvarioushabitattypes,particularlythosesubjecttoperiodicflooding,willbedetermined.Thiswillprovidethebasisforapreliminaryestimateoftheproportionofwinterrangethatmaybealtered;however,thisestimatewillbevalid5-266 onlyfortheenvironmentalconditionsexistingduringthewintersof1979-80and1980-81.Characteristicsofmooseuseofhabitatsubjecttofloodingwillbedeterminedbymoreintensivestudyofmooseusingoneormorelimitedstudyareas.Thesestudyareaswillincludeareasselectedforintensivevegetationstudies.Movementsofindividualmoosewillbemonitoredtodeterminewhetherhabitatsubjecttofloodingisusedtransientlybylargenumbersofmooseormoreregularlybysmallernumbers.MooseuseofspecificplotsbeingstudiedunderSubtask7.12willbeassessedthroughdirectobservationandpelletgroupcounts.Seasonalrangesofmoosewinteringontheintensivestudyareawillbesuperficiallydelineatedtoindicatetheapproximategeographicscopeofanyimpactsthatareidentified.IfPhaseIstudiesindicatethattheSusitnaHydroelectricProjectwillcausesignificantalterationofhabitatdownstreamandthatalterationofthishabitatislikelytoresultinsignificantchangesinmoosedistributionandnumbers,PhaseIIstudieswillbedesignedtodelineatemoosesubpopulationsusingtheentireareaofpotentialhabitatalterationandtopredicttheimpactoneachsubpopulation.ProceduresThefollowingproceduresareforPhaseIstudiesonly:ExistingdataonmoosedistributionandmovementsadjacenttothelowerSusitnaRiverwillbecompiled.Sourceswillincludehistoricfallsexandagecompositioncounts,recordsofroadandrailroadkills,andincompletelyanalyzeddataonamajorwinterdie-offthatoccurredalongtheriverin1970-71.PeriodicsystematicaerialsurveyswillbemadeduringwintertodelineatewinterrangesandquantifytherelativeuseofspecificareasandhabitattypesadjacenttotheSusitnaRiver.Totheextentpossiblemoosewillbeclassifiedbysexandageclassasanaidinidentifyingsegregationpatternsanddeterminingpopulationtrends.Alimitednumberofmoose(upto.20during1980)willberadio-collaredinareasselectedforintensivevegetationstudy(seeSubtask7.12).Thesemoosewillberelocatedapproximatelyweeklywhiletheyareinthevicinityofther.ivertodeterminethepatternofuseofspecifichabitats.Theywillberelocatedapproximatelymonthlyatothertimesofyeartoroughlydelineateotherseasonalrangesandensurecontinuedcontactwitheachanimal.PelletgroupcountswillbeconductedwithintheintensivestudyareastoprovideaquantitativecomparisonofmooseuseofspecifichabitatsthatwillalsobestudiedunderSubtask7.12.5-267onlyfortheenvironmentalconditionsexistingduringthewintersof1979-80and1980-81.Characteristicsofmooseuseofhabitatsubjecttofloodingwillbedeterminedbymoreintensivestudyofmooseusingoneormorelimitedstudyareas.Thesestudyareaswillincludeareasselectedforintensivevegetationstudies.Movementsofindividualmoosewillbemonitoredtodeterminewhetherhabitatsubjecttofloodingisusedtransientlybylargenumbersofmooseormoreregularlybysmallernumbers.MooseuseofspecificplotsbeingstudiedunderSubtask7.12willbeassessedthroughdirectobservationandpelletgroupcounts.Seasonalrangesofmoosewinteringontheintensivestudyareawillbesuperficiallydelineatedtoindicatetheapproximategeographicscopeofanyimpactsthatareidentified.IfPhaseIstudiesindicatethattheSusitnaHydroelectricProjectwillcausesignificantalterationofhabitatdownstreamandthatalterationofthishabitatislikelytoresultinsignificantchangesinmoosedistributionandnumbers,PhaseIIstudieswillbedesignedtodelineatemoosesubpopulationsusingtheentireareaofpotentialhabitatalterationandtopredicttheimpactoneachsubpopulation.ProceduresThefollowingproceduresareforPhaseIstudiesonly:ExistingdataonmoosedistributionandmovementsadjacenttothelowerSusitnaRiverwillbecompiled.Sourceswillincludehistoricfallsexandagecompositioncounts,recordsofroadandrailroadkills,andincompletelyanalyzeddataonamajorwinterdie-offthatoccurredalongtheriverin1970-71.PeriodicsystematicaerialsurveyswillbemadeduringwintertodelineatewinterrangesandquantifytherelativeuseofspecificareasandhabitattypesadjacenttotheSusitnaRiver.Totheextentpossiblemoosewillbeclassifiedbysexandageclassasanaidinidentifyingsegregationpatternsanddeterminingpopulationtrends.Alimitednumberofmoose(upto.20during1980)willberadio-collaredinareasselectedforintensivevegetationstudy(seeSubtask7.12).Thesemoosewillberelocatedapproximatelyweeklywhiletheyareinthevicinityofther.ivertodeterminethepatternofuseofspecifichabitats.Theywillberelocatedapproximatelymonthlyatothertimesofyeartoroughlydelineateotherseasonalrangesandensurecontinuedcontactwitheachanimal.PelletgroupcountswillbeconductedwithintheintensivestudyareastoprovideaquantitativecomparisonofmooseuseofspecifichabitatsthatwillalsobestudiedunderSubtask7.12.5-267 RelationshipstoOtherSubtasksProceduresforrecordingandhandlingdatawillbecoordinatedwiththoseofotherwildlifestudiestoensureefficiencyinlaterimpactanalysis.Moosestudieswillbecloselycoordinatedwithplantecologystudies.MoosedistributiondatacollectedbetweenJanuaryandMarch1980willbeusedtodelineateareasfordetailedhabitatmappingandforselectionofintensivevegetationstudyareas.Thesehabitatmapswillbeusedintheanalysisofmoosedistributiondata.Itisanticipatedthatcontinualcoordinationbetweeninvestigatorsofbothsubtaskswillbemaintainedtoensureefficiencyofstudydesignandcompatabilityofdata.Snowconditionsstronglyinfluencemoosemovementsandbrowseavailability.Requirementsforsnowdatawillbedeterminedonthebasisoffinalprojectdesignandselectionofdetailedvegetationstudyareas.Ifpossibletheseneedswillbecoordinatedwiththoseofthehydrologicfielddatacollectionprogram.Itmaybenecessarytoestablishadditionalstationssolelyonthebasisofmoosestudyneeds.c.Wolfdistribution,abundance,habitatuseandpreyselection.ObjectivesToidentifywolfpacksoccupyingareasthatwillbeimpactedbytheSusitnaHydroelectricProject,theterritoriesofeachpackandidentifydensites,rendezvoussitesandmajorfeedingareas,thenumbersofwolvesandratesofturnoverforeachpack,andthefoodhabitsofeachpack.BackgroundRecentstudiesindicatethattheNelchinaBasinsupportsmoderatedensitiesofwolves.WolvesmaybeaffectedbytheSusitnaHydroelectricprojectifcriticalportionsofapack'sterritoryareinundatedoriftheabundanceorconditionofpreyisaltered.Limitedavailabledataindicatethatportionsoftheterritoriesofseveralpacksmaybeinundated.Sinceallpartsofapack'sterritorymaynotbeequallyimportanttothemaintenanceofthepack,theeffectofthislossofterritorymayvaryfrompacktopack.Thereforeitisnecessarytodelineatetheterritoriesofeachpackanddeterminethedegreeandnatureofuseofareaswithinproposedimpoundments.5-268RelationshipstoOtherSubtasksProceduresforrecordingandhandlingdatawillbecoordinatedwiththoseofotherwildlifestudiestoensureefficiencyinlaterimpactanalysis.Moosestudieswillbecloselycoordinatedwithplantecologystudies.MoosedistributiondatacollectedbetweenJanuaryandMarch1980willbeusedtodelineateareasfordetailedhabitatmappingandforselectionofintensivevegetationstudyareas.Thesehabitatmapswillbeusedintheanalysisofmoosedistributiondata.Itisanticipatedthatcontinualcoordinationbetweeninvestigatorsofbothsubtaskswillbemaintainedtoensureefficiencyofstudydesignandcompatabilityofdata.Snowconditionsstronglyinfluencemoosemovementsandbrowseavailability.Requirementsforsnowdatawillbedeterminedonthebasisoffinalprojectdesignandselectionofdetailedvegetationstudyareas.Ifpossibletheseneedswillbecoordinatedwiththoseofthehydrologicfielddatacollectionprogram.Itmaybenecessarytoestablishadditionalstationssolelyonthebasisofmoosestudyneeds.c.Wolfdistribution,abundance,habitatuseandpreyselection.ObjectivesToidentifywolfpacksoccupyingareasthatwillbeimpactedbytheSusitnaHydroelectricProject,theterritoriesofeachpackandidentifydensites,rendezvoussitesandmajorfeedingareas,thenumbersofwolvesandratesofturnoverforeachpack,andthefoodhabitsofeachpack.BackgroundRecentstudiesindicatethattheNelchinaBasinsupportsmoderatedensitiesofwolves.WolvesmaybeaffectedbytheSusitnaHydroelectricprojectifcriticalportionsofapack'sterritoryareinundatedoriftheabundanceorconditionofpreyisaltered.Limitedavailabledataindicatethatportionsoftheterritoriesofseveralpacksmaybeinundated.Sinceallpartsofapack'sterritorymaynotbeequallyimportanttothemaintenanceofthepack,theeffectofthislossofterritorymayvaryfrompacktopack.Thereforeitisnecessarytodelineatetheterritoriesofeachpackanddeterminethedegreeandnatureofuseofareaswithinproposedimpoundments.5-268 Amajorfactorinfluencingwolfnumbersanddistributionispreyavailability.RecentstudiesinotherpartsoftheNelchinaBasinindicatethatlargeungulates,particularlymoose,arethemostimportantpreyofmostpacksofwolves.SincemooseandcariboutendtobemigratoryitispossiblethattheProjectwillresultinreducedpreyavailabilityintheterritoriesofwolf.packsmanymilesfromtheimpoundments.AnassessmentoftheimpactoftheProjectonwolvesrequiresaknowledgeofpreypopulations.Thereforewolfstudieswillbecloselycoordinatedwithstudiesofpotentialpreyspecies.Initiallystudieswillbeconcentratedonwolfpacksthatarelikelytobedirectlyimpactedthroughlossofterritory.Ifstudiesofpreyspeciesindicatethatpreydensitiesarelikelytobealteredinotherareas,thewolfstudywillbeexpandedtodelineatepacksinthoseareas.ProceduresSeveralmembersofeachwolfpackwillberadio-collared.Eachradio-collaredwolfwillberelocatedatleasttwiceamonth.Morefrequentrelocationswillbemadewhennecessarytoprovidespecificinformationsuchaslocationofdensandrendezvoussites.Territorieswillbedelineatedbyplottingrelocationsonmaps.Numbersofwolvesineachpackwillbemonitoredcontinuouslybydirectobservationofradio-collaredwolvesandotherwolvesaccompanyingthem.Habitatselectionwillbedeterminedbyrecordingthehabitattypeandactivityofthewolvesforeachsightingmade.Standardizedtrackcountcensuseswi11beconductedafterfreshsnowfallstoprovideadditionalinformationonwolfdistributionandnumbersandidentifypacksnotradio-collared.Foodhabitatswillbedeterminedbyobservationofkillslocatedduringradio-trackingflightsandanalysisofscatscollectedatdens.Whenpossibletheage,sexandconditionofpreywillbedetermined.RelationshiptoOtherSubtasksProceduresforrecordingandhandlingdatawillbecoordinatedwiththoseofotherwildlifestudiestoensureefficiencyinlaterimpactanalysis.Personnelandlogisticswillbecoordinatedamongallbiggamestudies.Inparticularwolfandwolverinetaggingwillbecoordinatedwithmoosetaggingandwhenfeasibleseveralspecieswi11beradio-trackedonthesameflight.5-269Amajorfactorinfluencingwolfnumbersanddistributionispreyavailability.RecentstudiesinotherpartsoftheNelchinaBasinindicatethatlargeungulates,particularlymoose,arethemostimportantpreyofmostpacksofwolves.SincemooseandcariboutendtobemigratoryitispossiblethattheProjectwillresultinreducedpreyavailabilityintheterritoriesofwolf.packsmanymilesfromtheimpoundments.AnassessmentoftheimpactoftheProjectonwolvesrequiresaknowledgeofpreypopulations.Thereforewolfstudieswillbecloselycoordinatedwithstudiesofpotentialpreyspecies.Initiallystudieswillbeconcentratedonwolfpacksthatarelikelytobedirectlyimpactedthroughlossofterritory.Ifstudiesofpreyspeciesindicatethatpreydensitiesarelikelytobealteredinotherareas,thewolfstudywillbeexpandedtodelineatepacksinthoseareas.ProceduresSeveralmembersofeachwolfpackwillberadio-collared.Eachradio-collaredwolfwillberelocatedatleasttwiceamonth.Morefrequentrelocationswillbemadewhennecessarytoprovidespecificinformationsuchaslocationofdensandrendezvoussites.Territorieswillbedelineatedbyplottingrelocationsonmaps.Numbersofwolvesineachpackwillbemonitoredcontinuouslybydirectobservationofradio-collaredwolvesandotherwolvesaccompanyingthem.Habitatselectionwillbedeterminedbyrecordingthehabitattypeandactivityofthewolvesforeachsightingmade.Standardizedtrackcountcensuseswi11beconductedafterfreshsnowfallstoprovideadditionalinformationonwolfdistributionandnumbersandidentifypacksnotradio-collared.Foodhabitatswillbedeterminedbyobservationofkillslocatedduringradio-trackingflightsandanalysisofscatscollectedatdens.Whenpossibletheage,sexandconditionofpreywillbedetermined.RelationshiptoOtherSubtasksProceduresforrecordingandhandlingdatawillbecoordinatedwiththoseofotherwildlifestudiestoensureefficiencyinlaterimpactanalysis.Personnelandlogisticswillbecoordinatedamongallbiggamestudies.Inparticularwolfandwolverinetaggingwillbecoordinatedwithmoosetaggingandwhenfeasibleseveralspecieswi11beradio-trackedonthesameflight.5-269 Datafromstudiesofprey,particularlymooseandcaribou,willbeusedinmodificationofdesignofwolfstudies.StudiesofbothpredatorsandpreywillbecloselycoordinatedsothatinteractionsbetweenspecieswhichmightinfluenceimpactsoftheSusitnaHydroelectricProjectcanbeidentified.d.Wolverinedistribution,abundance,movementpatternsandhabitatuse.ObjectivesTodeterminethedistributionandabundanceofwolverinesinthevicinityofproposedimpoundments.Todeterminemovementpatternsandhomerangesizeofwolverines.BackgroundLittleisknownaboutwolverinemovementpatternsandhabitatrequirements.AbasicunderstandingofthesequestionsisnecessarybeforeimpactsoftheSusitnaHydroelectricProjectcanbeaddressed.Forexample,ifwolverineshavewelldefinedhomerangesandstricthabitatrequirements,impactsmightbequitedifferentthaniftheyhavelargeandlooselydefinedhomerangesandareabletoexploitawidevarietyofhabitattypes.Observationsmadeinthevicinityofthestudyareaindicatethattechniquesthatwillbeemployedinthewolfstudycouldbeadaptedtoprovidethenecessarybasicinformationonwolverines.Sinceverylittleisknownofwolverinesatthepresenttime,itisanticipatedthatonlyroughestimatesofthemechanismsandpotentia~magnitudeofimpactswillbepossibleattheendofPhaseI.Atthattimeitmaybenecessarytoredesignstudiestoprovideamorereliablebasisforassessmentofimpact.Proceduresl"Iedistributionandabundanceofwolverineswillbeassessedthroughtrackcountsanddirectobservationsmadeduringwolfcensussurveys.Wolverine(upto10in1980)willberadio-collaredandrelocatedapproximatelytwicepermonthtodeterminemovementpatternsandhomerange.Habitatselectionwillbedeterminedbyrecordinghabitattypeandactivityforeachsightingmade.5-270Datafromstudiesofprey,particularlymooseandcaribou,willbeusedinmodificationofdesignofwolfstudies.StudiesofbothpredatorsandpreywillbecloselycoordinatedsothatinteractionsbetweenspecieswhichmightinfluenceimpactsoftheSusitnaHydroelectricProjectcanbeidentified.d.Wolverinedistribution,abundance,movementpatternsandhabitatuse.ObjectivesTodeterminethedistributionandabundanceofwolverinesinthevicinityofproposedimpoundments.Todeterminemovementpatternsandhomerangesizeofwolverines.BackgroundLittleisknownaboutwolverinemovementpatternsandhabitatrequirements.AbasicunderstandingofthesequestionsisnecessarybeforeimpactsoftheSusitnaHydroelectricProjectcanbeaddressed.Forexample,ifwolverineshavewelldefinedhomerangesandstricthabitatrequirements,impactsmightbequitedifferentthaniftheyhavelargeandlooselydefinedhomerangesandareabletoexploitawidevarietyofhabitattypes.Observationsmadeinthevicinityofthestudyareaindicatethattechniquesthatwillbeemployedinthewolfstudycouldbeadaptedtoprovidethenecessarybasicinformationonwolverines.Sinceverylittleisknownofwolverinesatthepresenttime,itisanticipatedthatonlyroughestimatesofthemechanismsandpotentia~magnitudeofimpactswillbepossibleattheendofPhaseI.Atthattimeitmaybenecessarytoredesignstudiestoprovideamorereliablebasisforassessmentofimpact.Proceduresl"Iedistributionandabundanceofwolverineswillbeassessedthroughtrackcountsanddirectobservationsmadeduringwolfcensussurveys.Wolverine(upto10in1980)willberadio-collaredandrelocatedapproximatelytwicepermonthtodeterminemovementpatternsandhomerange.Habitatselectionwillbedeterminedbyrecordinghabitattypeandactivityforeachsightingmade.5-270 RelationshiptoOtherSubtasksProceduresforrecordingandhandlingdatawillbecoordinatedwiththoseofotherwildlifestudiestoensureefficiencyinlaterimpactanalysis.Personnelandlogisticswillbecoordinatedamongallbiggamestudies.Inparticularwolfandwolverinetaggingwillbecoordinatedwithmoosetaggingandwhenfeasibleseveralspecieswillberadio-trackedonthesameflight.PersonnelfromtheUniversityofAlaskaareexpectedtohaveopportunitiestocollectadditionalinformationonwolverinesinthecourseofstudiesdirectedatotherfurbearers.Allaspectsofbothstudieswillbecoordinatedtomaximizedatacollectionwithaminimumofduplicationofeffort.e.Beardistribution,movements,abundanceandhabitatuse.ObjectivesTodeterminethedistributionandabundanceofblackandbrown/grizzlybearsinthevicinityofproposedimpoundmentareas.seasonalranges.inc1udingdenningareas,andmovementpatternsofbears,andseasonalhabitatuseofblackandbrown/grizzlybears.BackgroundMuchoftheNelchinaBasinisknowntosupporthighdensitiesofbrown/grizzlybears.Blackbearsarebelievedtobelessabundantandlesswidelydistributed.Themainmechanismofimpactaffectingbearsislikelytobedirectlossofhabitat,particularlyseasonallyimportantfeedingareasordenningareas.Somebearsmaybeindirectlyaffectedthroughreductioninungulatedensitiesinareasoutsideofproposedimpoundmentsasmoose,andperhapscaribou,constituteamajorportionofbears'dietduringsummerinadjacentareas.Shortertermimpactswillresultfrombear-humanconflictswhicharelikelytooccurwhenfieldfacilitiesareestablishedfortheSusitnastudyprogramandsubsequentdamconstructioniftheprojectisapproved.StudiesinotherpartsofAlaskaindicatethatbearshavespecifichabitatandfoodpreferences.Thesepreferencesoftenvaryseasonallyinamannerthatsuggestsveryspecificseasonalhabitatrequirements.Whilebothspeciesofbearsometimesoccurincloseproximity,theirhabitatrequirementsareprobablydifferent.Thereforetheimpactofinundationofbearhabitatmaynotbeindirectproportiontothenumberofacreslostandtheimpactononespeciesofbearmaybequitedifferentfromthatontheother.5-271RelationshiptoOtherSubtasksProceduresforrecordingandhandlingdatawillbecoordinatedwiththoseofotherwildlifestudiestoensureefficiencyinlaterimpactanalysis.Personnelandlogisticswillbecoordinatedamongallbiggamestudies.Inparticularwolfandwolverinetaggingwillbecoordinatedwithmoosetaggingandwhenfeasibleseveralspecieswillberadio-trackedonthesameflight.PersonnelfromtheUniversityofAlaskaareexpectedtohaveopportunitiestocollectadditionalinformationonwolverinesinthecourseofstudiesdirectedatotherfurbearers.Allaspectsofbothstudieswillbecoordinatedtomaximizedatacollectionwithaminimumofduplicationofeffort.e.Beardistribution,movements,abundanceandhabitatuse.ObjectivesTodeterminethedistributionandabundanceofblackandbrown/grizzlybearsinthevicinityofproposedimpoundmentareas.seasonalranges.inc1udingdenningareas,andmovementpatternsofbears,andseasonalhabitatuseofblackandbrown/grizzlybears.BackgroundMuchoftheNelchinaBasinisknowntosupporthighdensitiesofbrown/grizzlybears.Blackbearsarebelievedtobelessabundantandlesswidelydistributed.Themainmechanismofimpactaffectingbearsislikelytobedirectlossofhabitat,particularlyseasonallyimportantfeedingareasordenningareas.Somebearsmaybeindirectlyaffectedthroughreductioninungulatedensitiesinareasoutsideofproposedimpoundmentsasmoose,andperhapscaribou,constituteamajorportionofbears'dietduringsummerinadjacentareas.Shortertermimpactswillresultfrombear-humanconflictswhicharelikelytooccurwhenfieldfacilitiesareestablishedfortheSusitnastudyprogramandsubsequentdamconstructioniftheprojectisapproved.StudiesinotherpartsofAlaskaindicatethatbearshavespecifichabitatandfoodpreferences.Thesepreferencesoftenvaryseasonallyinamannerthatsuggestsveryspecificseasonalhabitatrequirements.Whilebothspeciesofbearsometimesoccurincloseproximity,theirhabitatrequirementsareprobablydifferent.Thereforetheimpactofinundationofbearhabitatmaynotbeindirectproportiontothenumberofacreslostandtheimpactononespeciesofbearmaybequitedifferentfromthatontheother.5-271 ProceduresAdultbearswillberadio-collaredinandadjacenttotheproposedimpoundmentareas.Approximately35bearswillbecollaredthefirstyear.Incidentallycaughtbearstoosmalltoberadio-collaredwillbemarkedwithvisualtags.Blackbearsandbrown/grizzlybearswillbemarkedintheapproximateproportionoftheiroccurrenceinthearea.Atthistimeitisnotknownifsignificantmembersofblackbearswillbefound.Radio-collaredbearswillberelocatedperiodicallythroughouttheiractiveperiodtodelineateseasonalrangesanddeterminemovementpatterns.Thedenlocationforeachradio-collaredbearwillberecordedeachyear.Allobservationsofbothmarkedandunmarkedbearswi11berecorded.Foreachsightingthelocation,habitattype,activityandassociationwithotheranimalswillberecorded.Informationonseasonalfoodhabitswillbegatheredthroughobservationsofbearfeedingandtotheextentpossiblethroughscatanalysis.RelationshiptoOtherSubtasksProceduresforrecordingandhandlingdatawillbecoordinatedwiththoseofotherwildlifestudiestoensureefficiencyinlaterimpactanalysis.Personnelandlogisticswillbecoordinatedamongallbiggamestudies.Whenfeasibleseveralspecieswillberadio-trackedonthesameflight.f.Caribouherdidentity,migrationpatternsandhabitatuse.ObjectivesTodelineatecalvingareas,thenumbersandsexandagecompositionofcaribouoccupyinghabitatsonbothsidesofproposedimpoundmentsatdifferentseasons,andmigrationroutesandthetimingofmajormovementsinthevicinityofproposedimpoundments.BackgroundThedistributionandmovementpatternsoftheNelchinacaribouherdwereextensivelystudiedduringthe1950'sand1960's.Atthattimelargenumbersofcaribouregularlycrossedproposedimpoundmentareasduringmigrationsbetweenseasonalranges,particularlyontheirmigrationfromcalvingareassouthoftheSusitnaRivertosummerrangenorthoftheriverandsubsequentfallmigrationstotheeast.Earlyassessmentsoftheimpactof5-272ProceduresAdultbearswillberadio-collaredinandadjacenttotheproposedimpoundmentareas.Approximately35bearswillbecollaredthefirstyear.Incidentallycaughtbearstoosmalltoberadio-collaredwillbemarkedwithvisualtags.Blackbearsandbrown/grizzlybearswillbemarkedintheapproximateproportionoftheiroccurrenceinthearea.Atthistimeitisnotknownifsignificantmembersofblackbearswillbefound.Radio-collaredbearswillberelocatedperiodicallythroughouttheiractiveperiodtodelineateseasonalrangesanddeterminemovementpatterns.Thedenlocationforeachradio-collaredbearwillberecordedeachyear.Allobservationsofbothmarkedandunmarkedbearswi11berecorded.Foreachsightingthelocation,habitattype,activityandassociationwithotheranimalswillberecorded.Informationonseasonalfoodhabitswillbegatheredthroughobservationsofbearfeedingandtotheextentpossiblethroughscatanalysis.RelationshiptoOtherSubtasksProceduresforrecordingandhandlingdatawillbecoordinatedwiththoseofotherwildlifestudiestoensureefficiencyinlaterimpactanalysis.Personnelandlogisticswillbecoordinatedamongallbiggamestudies.Whenfeasibleseveralspecieswillberadio-trackedonthesameflight.f.Caribouherdidentity,migrationpatternsandhabitatuse.ObjectivesTodelineatecalvingareas,thenumbersandsexandagecompositionofcaribouoccupyinghabitatsonbothsidesofproposedimpoundmentsatdifferentseasons,andmigrationroutesandthetimingofmajormovementsinthevicinityofproposedimpoundments.BackgroundThedistributionandmovementpatternsoftheNelchinacaribouherdwereextensivelystudiedduringthe1950'sand1960's.Atthattimelargenumbersofcaribouregularlycrossedproposedimpoundmentareasduringmigrationsbetweenseasonalranges,particularlyontheirmigrationfromcalvingareassouthoftheSusitnaRivertosummerrangenorthoftheriverandsubsequentfallmigrationstotheeast.Earlyassessmentsoftheimpactof5-272 variousSusitnahydroelectricproposalssuggestedthatimpoundmentscouldblockmigrationsandisolatecariboufromportionsoftheirtraditionalrange.Anumberofmajorchangeshaveoccurredduringthelastdecadewhichlimitthevalueofdatacollectedpriorto1970.Theherdsufferedamajordeclineintheearly1970's,droppingfromanestimatedpeakofover70,000tolessthan10,000.Theherdiscurrentlyincreasingandestimatedtonumber20,000.Currentmanagementplanscallforstabilizingtheherdatthepresentlevel.Movementpatternsappeartohavebecomequitevariablefromyeartoyear.Whilemovementsacrossproposedimpoundmentareasstilloccuritisnotclearwhethertheyareassignificanttothepopulationastheywerethoughttobeinpastyears.Locationofcalvingareasisbelievedtobethemostconsistentcharacteristicofcariboudistributionandmovementpatterns.Thetraditionalconceptofaherdassumesawelldefinedcommoncalvingarea.TheNelchinaherdstillusesitstraditionalcalvingareasouthoftheSusitnaR;'ver,however,inthelastfewyearstherehavebeenindicationsofsignificantnumbersofcaribounorthoftheriverduringthecalvingperiod.Thesecariboumayrepresentasubherdwithallsexandageclassesrepresentedortheymaybesegmentsofthemainherdthatarenotinvolvedincalving.Ifanewsubherdexiststhe"need"tomigrateacrosstheproposedimpoundmentareasmaybereduced.Butifdifferentsexandageclassesareonoppositesidesoftheriveratthattimeofyeartheneedtomigratewouldbegreat.Itisnotlikelythatcaribouwouldbecompletelyexcludedfromanypartoftheirrangeotherthanthoseareasthatareinundated.However,evenapartialbarriertomovementscouldresultinreduceduseofportionsofthepresentrangeandincreaseduseofotherportions.Ifthedesiretomigratealongroutesblockedbyimpoundmentsisstrong,cariboumayattempttocrossimpoundments.Potentialhazardssuchasiceshelvesandmudflatscouldincreasemortalityratesamongcaribouattemptingtocross.Unfortunatelythereis.nowaytopredictwithconfidencethereactionofcariboutoimpoundments.Thecaribouimpactassessmentwillnecessarilybemoresubjectivethanthoseforotherbiggamespecies.Theapproachofthisstudyistodescribetheexistingpatternsofcariboudistribution,movementsandhabitatuse.Thisshouldprovideabasisforestimatingtheimportanceofspecificmigrationroutestothepresentpopulationandfordeterminingtheavailabilityofalternativemigrationroutes.5-273variousSusitnahydroelectricproposalssuggestedthatimpoundmentscouldblockmigrationsandisolatecariboufromportionsoftheirtraditionalrange.Anumberofmajorchangeshaveoccurredduringthelastdecadewhichlimitthevalueofdatacollectedpriorto1970.Theherdsufferedamajordeclineintheearly1970's,droppingfromanestimatedpeakofover70,000tolessthan10,000.Theherdiscurrentlyincreasingandestimatedtonumber20,000.Currentmanagementplanscallforstabilizingtheherdatthepresentlevel.Movementpatternsappeartohavebecomequitevariablefromyeartoyear.Whilemovementsacrossproposedimpoundmentareasstilloccuritisnotclearwhethertheyareassignificanttothepopulationastheywerethoughttobeinpastyears.Locationofcalvingareasisbelievedtobethemostconsistentcharacteristicofcariboudistributionandmovementpatterns.Thetraditionalconceptofaherdassumesawelldefinedcommoncalvingarea.TheNelchinaherdstillusesitstraditionalcalvingareasouthoftheSusitnaR;'ver,however,inthelastfewyearstherehavebeenindicationsofsignificantnumbersofcaribounorthoftheriverduringthecalvingperiod.Thesecariboumayrepresentasubherdwithallsexandageclassesrepresentedortheymaybesegmentsofthemainherdthatarenotinvolvedincalving.Ifanewsubherdexiststhe"need"tomigrateacrosstheproposedimpoundmentareasmaybereduced.Butifdifferentsexandageclassesareonoppositesidesoftheriveratthattimeofyeartheneedtomigratewouldbegreat.Itisnotlikelythatcaribouwouldbecompletelyexcludedfromanypartoftheirrangeotherthanthoseareasthatareinundated.However,evenapartialbarriertomovementscouldresultinreduceduseofportionsofthepresentrangeandincreaseduseofotherportions.Ifthedesiretomigratealongroutesblockedbyimpoundmentsisstrong,cariboumayattempttocrossimpoundments.Potentialhazardssuchasiceshelvesandmudflatscouldincreasemortalityratesamongcaribouattemptingtocross.Unfortunatelythereis.nowaytopredictwithconfidencethereactionofcariboutoimpoundments.Thecaribouimpactassessmentwillnecessarilybemoresubjectivethanthoseforotherbiggamespecies.Theapproachofthisstudyistodescribetheexistingpatternsofcariboudistribution,movementsandhabitatuse.Thisshouldprovideabasisforestimatingtheimportanceofspecificmigrationroutestothepresentpopulationandfordeterminingtheavailabilityofalternativemigrationroutes.5-273 ProceduresAerialsurveyswillbemadetodelineatedistributionofcaribouonbothsidesofproposedimpoundmentsandtodetermineifcalvingisoccurringnorthoftheSusitnaRiver.Post-calvingconcentrationsonbothsidesoftheriverwillbecensusedbycommonlyusedphotoextrapolationtechniquestodeterminetheproportionoftheherdoccupyinghabitatnorthoftheriver.Sexandagecompositioncountswillbemadeinspringandfallaspartofthecensusprocedure.Thesecountswillalsoindicateifthesexandageofcaribouusinghabitatononesideoftheriveraredifferentfromthoseusinghabitatontheotherside.Caribou(upto40in1980)onbothsidesoftheriverwillberadio-collared.Collarswillbeplacedonanimalsindifferentgroupsofcaribouscatteredthroughouttheherd.Thefrequencyofrelocationofradio-collaredcaribouwillvarydependingonthelocationandactivityofthecaribou.Relativelylowlevelsofmonitoringwillbemaintainedwhencaribouareawayfromtheimpoundmentareasoraresedentarytoprovidebasicinformationonseasonalrangesandhabitatuseandtoensurecontinuedcontactwithcollaredindivi.duals.Thefrequencyofmonitoringwillbeincreasedwhencaribouareclosetoimpoundmentareas,particuarlyduringmigrations.Habitattypewillberecordedforallcaribousightings.RelationshiptoOtherSubtasksProceduresforrecordingandhandlingdatawillbecoordinatedwiththoseofotherwildlifestudiestoensureefficiencyinlaterimpactanalysis.Personnelandlogisticswillbecoordinatedamongallbiggamestudies.Inparticularindividualsworkingonotherspecieswillrecordcaribouobservationsandperiodicallyscanradiofrequenciesinthevicinityofimpoundmentstoassistinidentifyin9periodswhenintensivecariboumonitoringisneeded..9..DistributionandabundanceofDallsheep.ObjectivesTodeterminethedistributionandabundanceofDallsheepadjacenttoproposedimpoundments.5-274ProceduresAerialsurveyswillbemadetodelineatedistributionofcaribouonbothsidesofproposedimpoundmentsandtodetermineifcalvingisoccurringnorthoftheSusitnaRiver.Post-calvingconcentrationsonbothsidesoftheriverwillbecensusedbycommonlyusedphotoextrapolationtechniquestodeterminetheproportionoftheherdoccupyinghabitatnorthoftheriver.Sexandagecompositioncountswillbemadeinspringandfallaspartofthecensusprocedure.Thesecountswillalsoindicateifthesexandageofcaribouusinghabitatononesideoftheriveraredifferentfromthoseusinghabitatontheotherside.Caribou(upto40in1980)onbothsidesoftheriverwillberadio-collared.Collarswillbeplacedonanimalsindifferentgroupsofcaribouscatteredthroughouttheherd.Thefrequencyofrelocationofradio-collaredcaribouwillvarydependingonthelocationandactivityofthecaribou.Relativelylowlevelsofmonitoringwillbemaintainedwhencaribouareawayfromtheimpoundmentareasoraresedentarytoprovidebasicinformationonseasonalrangesandhabitatuseandtoensurecontinuedcontactwithcollaredindivi.duals.Thefrequencyofmonitoringwillbeincreasedwhencaribouareclosetoimpoundmentareas,particuarlyduringmigrations.Habitattypewillberecordedforallcaribousightings.RelationshiptoOtherSubtasksProceduresforrecordingandhandlingdatawillbecoordinatedwiththoseofotherwildlifestudiestoensureefficiencyinlaterimpactanalysis.Personnelandlogisticswillbecoordinatedamongallbiggamestudies.Inparticularindividualsworkingonotherspecieswillrecordcaribouobservationsandperiodicallyscanradiofrequenciesinthevicinityofimpoundmentstoassistinidentifyin9periodswhenintensivecariboumonitoringisneeded..9..DistributionandabundanceofDallsheep.ObjectivesTodeterminethedistributionandabundanceofDallsheepadjacenttoproposedimpoundments.5-274 BackgroundRelativelyisolatedgroupsofDallsheepinhabitmountainousareasonbothsidesoftheproposedWatanaimpoundment.Atpresentitisnotbelievedthatsheepregularlyusehabitatthatwillbeinundatedorthattheyregularlymigratethroughareaswhichwillbeinundated.ItispossiblethattheWatanaimpoundmentmightfurtherisolategroupsnorthoftheriverfromlargeradjacentpopulationssouthoftheriver,andtherebyreducethepossibilityofrepopulationshouldthesegroupsdeclineinthefuture.Themainconcernistheeffectofdisturbanceduringconstructionofhydroelectricgenerationandtransmissionfacilities.Itmaybepossibletozoneconstructionactivitiesinbothtimeandspacetominimizethisdisturbance.Thepurposeofthisstudyistoprovideabasisfordecisionsonsuchzoning.ProceduresAerialsurveyswillbemadetodelineateseasonalrangesincludingruttingandlambingareas.RelationshiptoOtherSubtasksSincethescopeofthisstudyislimited,onlyminorcoordinationofpersonnelandlogisticswillbenecessary.5-275BackgroundRelativelyisolatedgroupsofDallsheepinhabitmountainousareasonbothsidesoftheproposedWatanaimpoundment.Atpresentitisnotbelievedthatsheepregularlyusehabitatthatwillbeinundatedorthattheyregularlymigratethroughareaswhichwillbeinundated.ItispossiblethattheWatanaimpoundmentmightfurtherisolategroupsnorthoftheriverfromlargeradjacentpopulationssouthoftheriver,andtherebyreducethepossibilityofrepopulationshouldthesegroupsdeclineinthefuture.Themainconcernistheeffectofdisturbanceduringconstructionofhydroelectricgenerationandtransmissionfacilities.Itmaybepossibletozoneconstructionactivitiesinbothtimeandspacetominimizethisdisturbance.Thepurposeofthisstudyistoprovideabasisfordecisionsonsuchzoning.ProceduresAerialsurveyswillbemadetodelineateseasonalrangesincludingruttingandlambingareas.RelationshiptoOtherSubtasksSincethescopeofthisstudyislimited,onlyminorcoordinationofpersonnelandlogisticswillbenecessary.5-275 Subtask7.12-PlantEcologyStudies(a)ObjectiveTomapandcharacterizethevegetationcover/habitattypesoccurringintheareastobeaffectedbytheproposedSusitnaHydroelectricProjectandtopredictimpactsthatwillresultfromtheproposedfacilities.(b)ApproachThePhaseI(pre-licenseapplication)portionoftheplantecologystudieswillconcentrateontheproductionofvegetationcover/habitattypemaps.Thesecovermapswillbeusedintheplantecology,wildlifeecology,andlandusestudies,andperhapsotherdisciplines.PhaseIoftheplantecologystudieswillalsoincludeliteraturereviews,qualitativeassessmentsofthemajorplantcommunities,successionstudies,endangeredspeciessurveys,preliminaryimpactassessments,andthedevelopmentofaPlanofStudyforPhaseII(post-licenseapplication).TheplantecologystudieswillrequirecoordinationandinputfromotherstudiesproposedbytheAcresteam.Thecoordinationwillprimarilybeinvolvedwithpersonnelperformingthefaunalandhydrologicalstudies.Coordinationwithfederalandstateagenciesisalsoanticipated.(c)DiscussionThecharacteristicsofvegetation/habitattypeswithinanareaisnotonlyusedforthepredictionofimpactsonplantcommunities,butalsoinpredictingwildlifehabitatremovalandchangesinlandusepatterns.Sincethetypemapswillbeutilizedinanumberofdifferentstudies,theirdevelopmentwillbecloselycoordinatedwiththepersonnelinvolvedinthesestudies.TheOyrnessandViereckClassificationsystemmodifiedtoreflecttheneedsofotherdisciplineswillbeusedasabasisforthemappingeffort.TypeswillbemappedonLANOSATandhighaltitude(U2)photography.Thescaleofthephotographyandlevelofmappingwillvarydependingontheareaunderconsideration.Themapscalesandcorrespondingareasofcoverageproposedare1:250,000fortheentireupperbasin;1:63,360foranarea10to12milesoneithersideoftheriverfromDevilCanyontotheMcLarenRiver,floodplainbelowTalkeetna,andassociatedfacilitycorridors;and1:25,000fortheimpoundmentareas,floodplainbetweenDevilCanyonandTalkeetna,andselectedsamplingareasbelowTalkeetna.Groundverificationandqualitativeassessmentswillbeperformedfollowingtheinitialmappingefforts.Sensitivehabitats,especiallywetlandsandthosecontainingendangeredorthreatenedspeciesofplants,willbeemphasized,andanynaturallandmarks(U.S.NationalParkServicePrograms)intheareawillalsobenoted.Literaturereviews,asuccessionstudy,surveysfor5-276Subtask7.12-PlantEcologyStudies(a)ObjectiveTomapandcharacterizethevegetationcover/habitattypesoccurringintheareastobeaffectedbytheproposedSusitnaHydroelectricProjectandtopredictimpactsthatwillresultfromtheproposedfacilities.(b)ApproachThePhaseI(pre-licenseapplication)portionoftheplantecologystudieswillconcentrateontheproductionofvegetationcover/habitattypemaps.Thesecovermapswillbeusedintheplantecology,wildlifeecology,andlandusestudies,andperhapsotherdisciplines.PhaseIoftheplantecologystudieswillalsoincludeliteraturereviews,qualitativeassessmentsofthemajorplantcommunities,successionstudies,endangeredspeciessurveys,preliminaryimpactassessments,andthedevelopmentofaPlanofStudyforPhaseII(post-licenseapplication).TheplantecologystudieswillrequirecoordinationandinputfromotherstudiesproposedbytheAcresteam.Thecoordinationwillprimarilybeinvolvedwithpersonnelperformingthefaunalandhydrologicalstudies.Coordinationwithfederalandstateagenciesisalsoanticipated.(c)DiscussionThecharacteristicsofvegetation/habitattypeswithinanareaisnotonlyusedforthepredictionofimpactsonplantcommunities,butalsoinpredictingwildlifehabitatremovalandchangesinlandusepatterns.Sincethetypemapswillbeutilizedinanumberofdifferentstudies,theirdevelopmentwillbecloselycoordinatedwiththepersonnelinvolvedinthesestudies.TheOyrnessandViereckClassificationsystemmodifiedtoreflecttheneedsofotherdisciplineswillbeusedasabasisforthemappingeffort.TypeswillbemappedonLANOSATandhighaltitude(U2)photography.Thescaleofthephotographyandlevelofmappingwillvarydependingontheareaunderconsideration.Themapscalesandcorrespondingareasofcoverageproposedare1:250,000fortheentireupperbasin;1:63,360foranarea10to12milesoneithersideoftheriverfromDevilCanyontotheMcLarenRiver,floodplainbelowTalkeetna,andassociatedfacilitycorridors;and1:25,000fortheimpoundmentareas,floodplainbetweenDevilCanyonandTalkeetna,andselectedsamplingareasbelowTalkeetna.Groundverificationandqualitativeassessmentswillbeperformedfollowingtheinitialmappingefforts.Sensitivehabitats,especiallywetlandsandthosecontainingendangeredorthreatenedspeciesofplants,willbeemphasized,andanynaturallandmarks(U.S.NationalParkServicePrograms)intheareawillalsobenoted.Literaturereviews,asuccessionstudy,surveysfor5-276 threatenedandendangeredspecies,andpreliminaryimpactassessmentswillalsobepartofthePhaseIStudy.Areviewofpublishedliteratureandongoingresearchwillbeperformedtoelucidatedatavoids,uncoversupplementalinformation,andsupportfindings.Thesuccessionstudywillbedirectedtowardelucidatingthetemporalchangesinripariancommunitiesandthecausalfactorsinvolvedinthesechanges.Thisinformationwillaidinthepredictionofimpactsonfaunalspecies,especiallymoose.AlthoughtherearenoplantspeciespresentlylistedforAlaskabyfederalorstateauthoritiesasendangeredorthreatened,twenty-sevenspeciesareunderreviewbytheU.S.FishandWildlifeServiceforpossibleprotection.Forthesespeciesdistributionandhabitatinformationwillbeassembledfromliteratureandherbariasources.Knownstationsandpotentialhabitatsforthesespeciesinthestudyareawillbesearchedtodeterminethepresentstatus.Theproposedstudieswillbeinitiatedearlyin1980.FieldworkwillbeperformedintheJunetoSeptemberperiodofboth1980and1981.Fieldsamplingforthesuccessionstudyandthemappingeffortforthetransmissionandaccesscorridorswillbeperformedinthelatterpartof1981.Impactsonvegetationwillbepreliminarilyassessedonthebasisofinformationgatheredpriortolicenseapplication.Thepredictionofvegetationimpactsatthisstagewillrelyprimarilyonvegetationcover/habitattypemaps.Acreageofthevariouscovertypestobedestroyedoralteredwillbeestimated.(d)ScheduleWeeks8through117(e)DetailedScopeofWork(1)LiteratureReviewComprehensivesearchesofthescientificliteraturewillbemadetogenerateabibliographicandactualdatabaseoftheSusitnaRegionandonsimilartypesofvegetationinAlaskaandadjacentCanada.Thesestudieswillconsistofliteraturesearchesinstandardbibliographicsources(BiologicalAbstracts,WildlifeReview,etc.),datacollationfromliteratureonmethodsandotherstudiesofAlaskanvegetation,governmentinstitutionreports,andvegetationimpactstudiesinothernorthernregions.Methodsusedinquantitativeecologicalstudiesofborealforestortaigainothernorthernregionswillbeincludedinthesearches.Literaturedealingwiththeeffectofwaterlevelchangesonriparianvegetationwillalsobereviewed.5-277threatenedandendangeredspecies,andpreliminaryimpactassessmentswillalsobepartofthePhaseIStudy.Areviewofpublishedliteratureandongoingresearchwillbeperformedtoelucidatedatavoids,uncoversupplementalinformation,andsupportfindings.Thesuccessionstudywillbedirectedtowardelucidatingthetemporalchangesinripariancommunitiesandthecausalfactorsinvolvedinthesechanges.Thisinformationwillaidinthepredictionofimpactsonfaunalspecies,especiallymoose.AlthoughtherearenoplantspeciespresentlylistedforAlaskabyfederalorstateauthoritiesasendangeredorthreatened,twenty-sevenspeciesareunderreviewbytheU.S.FishandWildlifeServiceforpossibleprotection.Forthesespeciesdistributionandhabitatinformationwillbeassembledfromliteratureandherbariasources.Knownstationsandpotentialhabitatsforthesespeciesinthestudyareawillbesearchedtodeterminethepresentstatus.Theproposedstudieswillbeinitiatedearlyin1980.FieldworkwillbeperformedintheJunetoSeptemberperiodofboth1980and1981.Fieldsamplingforthesuccessionstudyandthemappingeffortforthetransmissionandaccesscorridorswillbeperformedinthelatterpartof1981.Impactsonvegetationwillbepreliminarilyassessedonthebasisofinformationgatheredpriortolicenseapplication.Thepredictionofvegetationimpactsatthisstagewillrelyprimarilyonvegetationcover/habitattypemaps.Acreageofthevariouscovertypestobedestroyedoralteredwillbeestimated.(d)ScheduleWeeks8through117(e)DetailedScopeofWork(1)LiteratureReviewComprehensivesearchesofthescientificliteraturewillbemadetogenerateabibliographicandactualdatabaseoftheSusitnaRegionandonsimilartypesofvegetationinAlaskaandadjacentCanada.Thesestudieswillconsistofliteraturesearchesinstandardbibliographicsources(BiologicalAbstracts,WildlifeReview,etc.),datacollationfromliteratureonmethodsandotherstudiesofAlaskanvegetation,governmentinstitutionreports,andvegetationimpactstudiesinothernorthernregions.Methodsusedinquantitativeecologicalstudiesofborealforestortaigainothernorthernregionswillbeincludedinthesearches.Literaturedealingwiththeeffectofwaterlevelchangesonriparianvegetationwillalsobereviewed.5-277 Thedatabasereviewwillalsoincludeareviewofpertinentongoingorproposedresearch.Thisinformationmaybeusedtosupplementorsupportfindingsoftheproposedplantecologystudiesandmayperhapsrequirearedirectionofefforts.Partofthedatabasereviewwillalsoincludecoordinationwithp~rsonnelinvolvedinotheraspectsoftheSusitnaHydroelectricProject.Inputwi11berequestedfromotherassociateddisciplinesonschedule,methods,andtypesofdatabeingcollected.Vegetationinformationondatawillbedisseminatedattherequestofpersonnelinassociateddisciplineswhenitisavailable.Itisanticipatedthatdataexchangewillprimarilybeinvolvedwithpersonnelinthehydrologicalandfaunalstudies.(2)VegetationCover/HabitatMappingLANDSATimageryandhighaltitude(U2)photographywillbeusedtomapvegetation/habitattypesintheSusitnaRiverBasin.Thevegetationisprimarilyborealforesttypesanduplandtundra.ThistypeofphotographyhasprovedadequatetodelineatethetypesoccurringintheareaaccordingtorecentexperienceofstaffoftheAlaskaAgriculturalExperimentStation,inconjunctionwiththeRiverBasinCooperativeSurvey.Vegetationcover/habitatmapswillbeproducedatvariousscales.TheentireUpperSusitnaBasin·willbemappedatascaleof1:250,000.LANDSATimagerywillbeusedasabasisforthismapping.MuchofthisareahasalreadybeenmappedfortheDenaliPlanningUnitRemoteSensingProject.Itisanticipatedthattheseexistingmapswillbeincorporatedintotheproposedmappingeffort,withanyareasthatarenotcurrentlymappedbeingcoveredundertheproposedmappingeffort.Thesevegetationmapswill,however,bemodifiedsothattheclassificationschemewillmoreappropriatelymatchthatenvisionedfortheproposedmappingeffort.Vegetationcover/habitatmaps,toascaleof1:63,360willbeproducedforanarea10to12milesoneithersideoftheSusitnaRiverfromtheDevilCanyonDamsitetotheconfluenceoftheMcLarenRiver.Imageryenlargedtoascaleof1:63,360willbeutilizedforthismappingeffort.Thisareawillbemappedprimarilyforusebypersonnelinvolvedinthefaunalstudies,especiallythebiggamestudies.USGStopographicmaps,which.areavailableforthisareaatthe1:63,360scale,willbeusefulinfieldorientationwhenusedinconjunctionwiththecovermaps.Ifpossible,thecovermapswillbeprintedovertheircorrespondingtopographicmapsforusebyfieldpersonnel.TheimpoundmentareaandthedownstreamfloodplainfromDevilCanyontoTalkeetnawillbemappedatascaleof1:25,000,sincethesewillbetheprimaryareasofdirectimpact.Someselectedmoosehabitatareasupstreamanddownstreamwillalsobemappedatthisscaleforuseinthemoosehabitatandsuccessional5-278Thedatabasereviewwillalsoincludeareviewofpertinentongoingorproposedresearch.Thisinformationmaybeusedtosupplementorsupportfindingsoftheproposedplantecologystudiesandmayperhapsrequirearedirectionofefforts.Partofthedatabasereviewwillalsoincludecoordinationwithp~rsonnelinvolvedinotheraspectsoftheSusitnaHydroelectricProject.Inputwi11berequestedfromotherassociateddisciplinesonschedule,methods,andtypesofdatabeingcollected.Vegetationinformationondatawillbedisseminatedattherequestofpersonnelinassociateddisciplineswhenitisavailable.Itisanticipatedthatdataexchangewillprimarilybeinvolvedwithpersonnelinthehydrologicalandfaunalstudies.(2)VegetationCover/HabitatMappingLANDSATimageryandhighaltitude(U2)photographywillbeusedtomapvegetation/habitattypesintheSusitnaRiverBasin.Thevegetationisprimarilyborealforesttypesanduplandtundra.ThistypeofphotographyhasprovedadequatetodelineatethetypesoccurringintheareaaccordingtorecentexperienceofstaffoftheAlaskaAgriculturalExperimentStation,inconjunctionwiththeRiverBasinCooperativeSurvey.Vegetationcover/habitatmapswillbeproducedatvariousscales.TheentireUpperSusitnaBasin·willbemappedatascaleof1:250,000.LANDSATimagerywillbeusedasabasisforthismapping.MuchofthisareahasalreadybeenmappedfortheDenaliPlanningUnitRemoteSensingProject.Itisanticipatedthattheseexistingmapswillbeincorporatedintotheproposedmappingeffort,withanyareasthatarenotcurrentlymappedbeingcoveredundertheproposedmappingeffort.Thesevegetationmapswill,however,bemodifiedsothattheclassificationschemewillmoreappropriatelymatchthatenvisionedfortheproposedmappingeffort.Vegetationcover/habitatmaps,toascaleof1:63,360willbeproducedforanarea10to12milesoneithersideoftheSusitnaRiverfromtheDevilCanyonDamsitetotheconfluenceoftheMcLarenRiver.Imageryenlargedtoascaleof1:63,360willbeutilizedforthismappingeffort.Thisareawillbemappedprimarilyforusebypersonnelinvolvedinthefaunalstudies,especiallythebiggamestudies.USGStopographicmaps,which.areavailableforthisareaatthe1:63,360scale,willbeusefulinfieldorientationwhenusedinconjunctionwiththecovermaps.Ifpossible,thecovermapswillbeprintedovertheircorrespondingtopographicmapsforusebyfieldpersonnel.TheimpoundmentareaandthedownstreamfloodplainfromDevilCanyontoTalkeetnawillbemappedatascaleof1:25,000,sincethesewillbetheprimaryareasofdirectimpact.Someselectedmoosehabitatareasupstreamanddownstreamwillalsobemappedatthisscaleforuseinthemoosehabitatandsuccessional5-278 studies.Thismappingeffortisdetailedinlatersections.Thephotographytobeutilizedforthe1:25,000mappingwillbeenlargedfromexistingcolorinfrared(CIR)obtainedfromNASAU2flights.ThisscalewasselectedbecausetheU.S.GeologicalsurveyismappingAlaskaatthisscale.Also,anenlargedscaleofthisnaturehasbeenrequestedbytheAlaskaDepartmentofFishandGameforuseinthebiggamestudies.Thetworemainingareasforwhichvegetationcover/habitatmapswillbeproducedwillbethedownstreamfloodplainbelowTalkeetnaandtheselectedtransmissionlineandaccessroadcorridors.Intheseareas,mapswillbeproducedatascaleof1:63,360.MuchofthedownstreamfloodplainhasalreadybeenmappedbytheSoilConservationServiceasapartoftheSusitnaRiverBasinComprehensiveStudy,andtheirmappingwillbeincorporatedintheproposedmappingeffort.Thedownstreamfloodplainisbeinginvestigatedprimarilybecauseofpotentialchangesinflowregimesafterthedamsareconstructed.Alterationsofflowsmayresultinchangesinsuccessionaltrends,whichmayaffectthepotentialofthisareatoprovidekeyhabitatsforimportantwildlifespecies,suchasmoose.AdditionalmappingandstudiesspecifictosuccessionaltrendsarediscussedingreaterdetailinthesectionsentitledMooseHabitatEvaluationandSuccessionStudies.TheclassificationsystemtobeutilizedforthemappingisthesystemdevelopedbyDyrnessandViereck.Themappingwillbetothethirdandfourthlevelofthissystem.Itisanticipatedthatthissystemwillbemodifiedtoincreaseitsapplicationandusefulnessforfaunalstudies.Anattemptwillbemadetofactorinparameters,suchasphysiognomy(overallgrowthform),thatwi11helpattainthisgoal.SeveralofsuchparametershavebeenidentifiedbytheU.S.FishandWildlifeServiceduringtheRiverBasinSurvey.Personnelinvolvedinthisstudywillbecontactedfortheirinputintotheproposedclassificationscheme.Preparationofthevegetationcover/habitatmapswillbegininearly1980withtheacquisitionofLANDSATandpresentlyavailableCIRaerialimagery.ThesephotographswillyielddelineationofvegetationtypesintheSusitnaRiverValleywhich,:!illbepreliminaryandrequireextensivefieldverification.Theinitialmappingeffortwillattempttodelineatetheoccur"enceofwetlandareas.ThiswillbedonetoaidinthecompliancewithSection404oftheCleanWaterActpriortosurfacedisturbingactivity.Fieldverificationofvegetati.ontypeswi11beperformedduringthe1980and1981fieldseasons.Respectivelandareascoveredbyechvegetation/habitattypeintheimpoundmentareaswillbed'2tei,ninedbyr.nnualplanimetryorcomputerintegrationfromtheLANDSATimagery.Atableshowingtheacreageofeachvegetationtypeandpercentoftota1studyareaacreagewi11beprepared.5-279studies.Thismappingeffortisdetailedinlatersections.Thephotographytobeutilizedforthe1:25,000mappingwillbeenlargedfromexistingcolorinfrared(CIR)obtainedfromNASAU2flights.ThisscalewasselectedbecausetheU.S.GeologicalsurveyismappingAlaskaatthisscale.Also,anenlargedscaleofthisnaturehasbeenrequestedbytheAlaskaDepartmentofFishandGameforuseinthebiggamestudies.Thetworemainingareasforwhichvegetationcover/habitatmapswillbeproducedwillbethedownstreamfloodplainbelowTalkeetnaandtheselectedtransmissionlineandaccessroadcorridors.Intheseareas,mapswillbeproducedatascaleof1:63,360.MuchofthedownstreamfloodplainhasalreadybeenmappedbytheSoilConservationServiceasapartoftheSusitnaRiverBasinComprehensiveStudy,andtheirmappingwillbeincorporatedintheproposedmappingeffort.Thedownstreamfloodplainisbeinginvestigatedprimarilybecauseofpotentialchangesinflowregimesafterthedamsareconstructed.Alterationsofflowsmayresultinchangesinsuccessionaltrends,whichmayaffectthepotentialofthisareatoprovidekeyhabitatsforimportantwildlifespecies,suchasmoose.AdditionalmappingandstudiesspecifictosuccessionaltrendsarediscussedingreaterdetailinthesectionsentitledMooseHabitatEvaluationandSuccessionStudies.TheclassificationsystemtobeutilizedforthemappingisthesystemdevelopedbyDyrnessandViereck.Themappingwillbetothethirdandfourthlevelofthissystem.Itisanticipatedthatthissystemwillbemodifiedtoincreaseitsapplicationandusefulnessforfaunalstudies.Anattemptwillbemadetofactorinparameters,suchasphysiognomy(overallgrowthform),thatwi11helpattainthisgoal.SeveralofsuchparametershavebeenidentifiedbytheU.S.FishandWildlifeServiceduringtheRiverBasinSurvey.Personnelinvolvedinthisstudywillbecontactedfortheirinputintotheproposedclassificationscheme.Preparationofthevegetationcover/habitatmapswillbegininearly1980withtheacquisitionofLANDSATandpresentlyavailableCIRaerialimagery.ThesephotographswillyielddelineationofvegetationtypesintheSusitnaRiverValleywhich,:!illbepreliminaryandrequireextensivefieldverification.Theinitialmappingeffortwillattempttodelineatetheoccur"enceofwetlandareas.ThiswillbedonetoaidinthecompliancewithSection404oftheCleanWaterActpriortosurfacedisturbingactivity.Fieldverificationofvegetati.ontypeswi11beperformedduringthe1980and1981fieldseasons.Respectivelandareascoveredbyechvegetation/habitattypeintheimpoundmentareaswillbed'2tei,ninedbyr.nnualplanimetryorcomputerintegrationfromtheLANDSATimagery.Atableshowingtheacreageofeachvegetationtypeandpercentoftota1studyareaacreagewi11beprepared.5-279 Thevegetationmappingwillbeginatthecommencementofthestudy.Thedifferentvegetationcover/habitatmapswillbecompletedatdifferenttimesduringthePhaseIeffort.Atthepresenttime,thefollowingscheduleisanticipated:the1:63,360moosezonemapat3to6monthsfromstartofstudy;the1:25,000directimpactareamapat9to12monthsfromcommencement;andthe1:250,000upperbasinmapat12to16monthsfrominitiationofstudy.AscheduleforcompletionofthemappingforthedownstreamfloodplainandmoosehabitatstudiesispresentedintheSuccessionStudiessection.(3)QualitativeAssessmentForthePhaseIstudies,thedescriptionsofthemajorplantcommunities/habitattypeswillbebasedlargelyonqualitativeassessmentsofthetypesmapped.Theseassessmentsbasicallyinvolvewalk-throughsofeachtypeinthefieldwithobservationalinformationobtainedoncharacteristics,suchas:dominantspeciescomposition,speciesabundance,estimatedheights,estimatedpercentcover,uniquetrendsormosaics,etc.Relationshipsoftypestotopographic,geologic,andedaphicfactorswillalsobenoted.Alistoftheplantspeciesencounteredduringtheseassessmentswillbeproduced,withidentificationscheckedinfloristicworksavailableatthistimeandknowncollectionsofAlaskanplantsinherbaria.Thequalitativeassessmentswillprobablybeperformedduringthe1980and1981fieldseasonsinconjunctionwithgroundtruthsurveysforthecovermappingand/orendangeredorthreatenedplantspeciessurveys.Inordertoavoidsnowcover,thefieldseasonwillbefromJunetoSeptember.(4)MooseHabitatEvaluationsImpactpredictionforseveralanimalspecieswillbedependent,toacertainextent,onthevegetationcover/habitatmaps.Thisisespeciallytrueforimportantbiggamespeciessuchasmoose.However,thetotalacreageofhabitat,especiallykeywinterhabitat,isnottheonlyfactorinvolved.Totalavailablebrowse,browsequality,utilization,communitytrends,andotherfactorsthatarebasedontheinformationobtainedfromliteratureandquantitativevegetationsamplingmethodsarenecessaryforthepredictionofimpactonmoose.PhaseIofthehabitatstudywillbelimitedprimarilytotheproductionofvegetationcover/habitatmapsthatwillprovideacreage,location,anddistributioninformationonhabitattypesforuseinfaunalstudies.Theareastobemapped,mapscales,andclassificationschemehaveresultedtoacertainextent,asdetailedinthevegetationcover/habitatmappingsection,frominputofthepersonnelinvolvedinthefaunalstudies.ThequantitativeinformationrequiredformoredetailedimpactpredictionswillbeobtainedduringthePhaseIIeffort.5-280Thevegetationmappingwillbeginatthecommencementofthestudy.Thedifferentvegetationcover/habitatmapswillbecompletedatdifferenttimesduringthePhaseIeffort.Atthepresenttime,thefollowingscheduleisanticipated:the1:63,360moosezonemapat3to6monthsfromstartofstudy;the1:25,000directimpactareamapat9to12monthsfromcommencement;andthe1:250,000upperbasinmapat12to16monthsfrominitiationofstudy.AscheduleforcompletionofthemappingforthedownstreamfloodplainandmoosehabitatstudiesispresentedintheSuccessionStudiessection.(3)QualitativeAssessmentForthePhaseIstudies,thedescriptionsofthemajorplantcommunities/habitattypeswillbebasedlargelyonqualitativeassessmentsofthetypesmapped.Theseassessmentsbasicallyinvolvewalk-throughsofeachtypeinthefieldwithobservationalinformationobtainedoncharacteristics,suchas:dominantspeciescomposition,speciesabundance,estimatedheights,estimatedpercentcover,uniquetrendsormosaics,etc.Relationshipsoftypestotopographic,geologic,andedaphicfactorswillalsobenoted.Alistoftheplantspeciesencounteredduringtheseassessmentswillbeproduced,withidentificationscheckedinfloristicworksavailableatthistimeandknowncollectionsofAlaskanplantsinherbaria.Thequalitativeassessmentswillprobablybeperformedduringthe1980and1981fieldseasonsinconjunctionwithgroundtruthsurveysforthecovermappingand/orendangeredorthreatenedplantspeciessurveys.Inordertoavoidsnowcover,thefieldseasonwillbefromJunetoSeptember.(4)MooseHabitatEvaluationsImpactpredictionforseveralanimalspecieswillbedependent,toacertainextent,onthevegetationcover/habitatmaps.Thisisespeciallytrueforimportantbiggamespeciessuchasmoose.However,thetotalacreageofhabitat,especiallykeywinterhabitat,isnottheonlyfactorinvolved.Totalavailablebrowse,browsequality,utilization,communitytrends,andotherfactorsthatarebasedontheinformationobtainedfromliteratureandquantitativevegetationsamplingmethodsarenecessaryforthepredictionofimpactonmoose.PhaseIofthehabitatstudywillbelimitedprimarilytotheproductionofvegetationcover/habitatmapsthatwillprovideacreage,location,anddistributioninformationonhabitattypesforuseinfaunalstudies.Theareastobemapped,mapscales,andclassificationschemehaveresultedtoacertainextent,asdetailedinthevegetationcover/habitatmappingsection,frominputofthepersonnelinvolvedinthefaunalstudies.ThequantitativeinformationrequiredformoredetailedimpactpredictionswillbeobtainedduringthePhaseIIeffort.5-280 Theoneexceptionisthequantitativedatathatwillbecollectedduringthesuccessionalstudies.Detailsonthiseffortareprovidedinthefollowingsection.(5)SuccessionStudiesThesuccessionstudieswillbedirectedprimarilytowardsidentifyingtheinterrelationshipsbetweentheexistingrivercharacteristicsandtheperpetuationofkeymoosehabitatinthefloodplainoftheSusitnaRiver.Certainvegetationcover/habitattypes,especiallywillowandbalsampoplartypes,foundonthefloodplainoftheSusitnaRiverprovideimportantwintermoosehabitat.Thesetypesarethoughttobemaintainedbycertainrivercharacteristics,suchasannualorcatastrophicflooding.Theproposedprojectwillaltertheflowregimesoftheriverandmay,therefore,causechangesinthetypesofvegetationthatwilleventuallydominatethatarea.Thismay,inturn,eitherincreaseordecreasethecapacityoftheareaforimportantwildlifespecies,suchasmoose.TheareaofmostconcernforthesuccessionstudieswillbethedownstreamfloodplainbelowTalkeetna.Whattheimpactwillbeinthisareaisnotknown,becauseofthepresentlackofbiologicalinformationonthesesystemsandtheabsenceofdefinedflowregimesthatwillresultfromtheproposedaction.Itwillbethepurposeofthesuccessionstudiestoattempttoestablishhistoricaltrendsinsuccessionforthisareaandtoidentifycausalfactorsinsufficientdetailthatwillpermitaknowledgeablepredictionofthemagnitudeofthedownstreamimpacts.Theapproachthatwillbeusedforthesuccessionstudieswillbetogatherinformationfromspecificliteraturesurveys;interpretexistingcurrentandhistoricalaerialphotographsforchangesinvegetationovertime;relatethevegetationchangesinhydrologicalchanges,topography,soilsandperhapsotherphysicalfactors;andcollectinformationonageandcommunitystructureforselectedhabitatsofvariousages.SpecificsearcheswillbeperformedforpertinentpUblishedliteratureandongoingresearchonsuccession.Literatureonselectedimportantspecieswillbecollectedandreviewed.Forthesespeciesinformationonrootsystems,abilitytowithstandflooding,shadetolerance,abilitytopioneerareas,etc.,willbeimportantinthesuccessionstudies.Partoftheliteraturereviewwillalsoincludetheidentificationoftypesandsourcesofavailablehistoricalaerialphotographsandhydrologicalinformation.1:"'!esec:ationmappingeffortforthesuccessionstudieswi11"asicJ11yinvolvetheproductionofvegetationcover/habitatmapsfromcurrentandvariously-agedaerialphotographs,acomparisonofvegetationchangesovertime,andaninvestigationofthe5-281Theoneexceptionisthequantitativedatathatwillbecollectedduringthesuccessionalstudies.Detailsonthiseffortareprovidedinthefollowingsection.(5)SuccessionStudiesThesuccessionstudieswillbedirectedprimarilytowardsidentifyingtheinterrelationshipsbetweentheexistingrivercharacteristicsandtheperpetuationofkeymoosehabitatinthefloodplainoftheSusitnaRiver.Certainvegetationcover/habitattypes,especiallywillowandbalsampoplartypes,foundonthefloodplainoftheSusitnaRiverprovideimportantwintermoosehabitat.Thesetypesarethoughttobemaintainedbycertainrivercharacteristics,suchasannualorcatastrophicflooding.Theproposedprojectwillaltertheflowregimesoftheriverandmay,therefore,causechangesinthetypesofvegetationthatwilleventuallydominatethatarea.Thismay,inturn,eitherincreaseordecreasethecapacityoftheareaforimportantwildlifespecies,suchasmoose.TheareaofmostconcernforthesuccessionstudieswillbethedownstreamfloodplainbelowTalkeetna.Whattheimpactwillbeinthisareaisnotknown,becauseofthepresentlackofbiologicalinformationonthesesystemsandtheabsenceofdefinedflowregimesthatwillresultfromtheproposedaction.Itwillbethepurposeofthesuccessionstudiestoattempttoestablishhistoricaltrendsinsuccessionforthisareaandtoidentifycausalfactorsinsufficientdetailthatwillpermitaknowledgeablepredictionofthemagnitudeofthedownstreamimpacts.Theapproachthatwillbeusedforthesuccessionstudieswillbetogatherinformationfromspecificliteraturesurveys;interpretexistingcurrentandhistoricalaerialphotographsforchangesinvegetationovertime;relatethevegetationchangesinhydrologicalchanges,topography,soilsandperhapsotherphysicalfactors;andcollectinformationonageandcommunitystructureforselectedhabitatsofvariousages.SpecificsearcheswillbeperformedforpertinentpUblishedliteratureandongoingresearchonsuccession.Literatureonselectedimportantspecieswillbecollectedandreviewed.Forthesespeciesinformationonrootsystems,abilitytowithstandflooding,shadetolerance,abilitytopioneerareas,etc.,willbeimportantinthesuccessionstudies.Partoftheliteraturereviewwillalsoincludetheidentificationoftypesandsourcesofavailablehistoricalaerialphotographsandhydrologicalinformation.1:"'!esec:ationmappingeffortforthesuccessionstudieswi11"asicJ11yinvolvetheproductionofvegetationcover/habitatmapsfromcurrentandvariously-agedaerialphotographs,acomparisonofvegetationchangesovertime,andaninvestigationofthe5-281 relationshipsofthesechangeswithhydrologicalchangesandotherphysicalfactors,suchastopographicandedaphic.Thevegetationcover/habitattypemappingwillbeperformedonselectedhistoricalaerialphotographs.Informationonthetype,age,coverageandotherfactorsrelatedtotheusefulnessofthehistoricalaerialphotographswillbereviewedinconjunctionwiththeavailablehistoricalhydrologicalinformationinordertoselecttheaerialphotographsthatwillbeutilized.The1:25,000photographstobeusedintheimpoundmentareaswi11formthebaseforthecurrentaerialphotographs.Thevegetationmappingforthesuccessionstudieswillnotbeperformedfortheentirefloodplainarea,butinselectedsamplingareas.Itisanticipatedthattheseareasinbandsrunningacrossthefloodplainperpendiculartothelongaxisoftheriverwillbemappedata1:25,000scalebetweenTalkeetnaandthemouthoftheYentnaRiver.Thenumberandlocationofthesebandswillbebasedonanumberofbiologicalandphysicalfactors,includingmooseutilization,vegetationtypes,soils,hydrologicalsamplinglocations,andrivercharacteristics.Oncethemappingintheseselectedbandsiscompletedforallthedifferent-agedaerialphotographsinvolved,acomparisonofthechangesthathaveoccurredovertimewi11bemade.Thesemapswillbeanalyzedwithpasthydrologicalinformation,suchasfloodflowrecordsandotherinformationonphysicalfactorstoseeifcorrelationsexistamongthedifferentfactorsinvolved.Thesuccessionstudieswillrequireacertainamountoffieldsampling.Thesamplingwillbedirectedtowardsagingcommunities,gatheringobservationalinformation,anddeterminingspeciescompositionandstructureofthecommunities.Communityageinformationwillbeobtainedbycountingthenumberofannualringsoncoresofthedominantwoodyvegetation.Theadditionalsamplingmethodstobeutilizedforthisportionofthestudywillbeselectedduringthefirstyearfollowingliteraturereviewsandinputfrompersonnelinvolvedinfaunalstudies.Thefieldsamplingwillbeperformedprimarilyduringthe1981fieldseason.Areastobesampledwillbeselectedintheimpoundmentareaandthedownstreamfloodplain.Inthedownstreamfloodplainthesamplingareaswillprobablybewithintheselectedbandsthatwillbemappedaspartofthemappingeffort.Datagatheredfromthesuccessionstudieswillbeusedinthepreliminaryimpactpredictionoftheproposedaction.Informationonflowregimesandpredictedchangesinhydrologicalcharacteristicsdownstreamwillbeutilizedinanattempttoanswerthedownstreamimpactquestion.Thiseffortwillbeperformedinthelatterpartof1981whensuccessioninformationisavailableandflowregimesfromtheprojecthavebeendefined.5-282relationshipsofthesechangeswithhydrologicalchangesandotherphysicalfactors,suchastopographicandedaphic.Thevegetationcover/habitattypemappingwillbeperformedonselectedhistoricalaerialphotographs.Informationonthetype,age,coverageandotherfactorsrelatedtotheusefulnessofthehistoricalaerialphotographswillbereviewedinconjunctionwiththeavailablehistoricalhydrologicalinformationinordertoselecttheaerialphotographsthatwillbeutilized.The1:25,000photographstobeusedintheimpoundmentareaswi11formthebaseforthecurrentaerialphotographs.Thevegetationmappingforthesuccessionstudieswillnotbeperformedfortheentirefloodplainarea,butinselectedsamplingareas.Itisanticipatedthattheseareasinbandsrunningacrossthefloodplainperpendiculartothelongaxisoftheriverwillbemappedata1:25,000scalebetweenTalkeetnaandthemouthoftheYentnaRiver.Thenumberandlocationofthesebandswillbebasedonanumberofbiologicalandphysicalfactors,includingmooseutilization,vegetationtypes,soils,hydrologicalsamplinglocations,andrivercharacteristics.Oncethemappingintheseselectedbandsiscompletedforallthedifferent-agedaerialphotographsinvolved,acomparisonofthechangesthathaveoccurredovertimewi11bemade.Thesemapswillbeanalyzedwithpasthydrologicalinformation,suchasfloodflowrecordsandotherinformationonphysicalfactorstoseeifcorrelationsexistamongthedifferentfactorsinvolved.Thesuccessionstudieswillrequireacertainamountoffieldsampling.Thesamplingwillbedirectedtowardsagingcommunities,gatheringobservationalinformation,anddeterminingspeciescompositionandstructureofthecommunities.Communityageinformationwillbeobtainedbycountingthenumberofannualringsoncoresofthedominantwoodyvegetation.Theadditionalsamplingmethodstobeutilizedforthisportionofthestudywillbeselectedduringthefirstyearfollowingliteraturereviewsandinputfrompersonnelinvolvedinfaunalstudies.Thefieldsamplingwillbeperformedprimarilyduringthe1981fieldseason.Areastobesampledwillbeselectedintheimpoundmentareaandthedownstreamfloodplain.Inthedownstreamfloodplainthesamplingareaswillprobablybewithintheselectedbandsthatwillbemappedaspartofthemappingeffort.Datagatheredfromthesuccessionstudieswillbeusedinthepreliminaryimpactpredictionoftheproposedaction.Informationonflowregimesandpredictedchangesinhydrologicalcharacteristicsdownstreamwillbeutilizedinanattempttoanswerthedownstreamimpactquestion.Thiseffortwillbeperformedinthelatterpartof1981whensuccessioninformationisavailableandflowregimesfromtheprojecthavebeendefined.5-282 (6)CorridorSelectionTheselectionprocessforthetransmissionandaccessroadcorridorsisdetailedinSubtasks7.09and7.14,respectively.Inputfromtheplantecologicalstudieswillbemadeintothesetasks.Intheinitialrouteselectionanalysis,thealternativerouteswillbeevaluatedonasuperficialbasisformajorvegetationconstraints(e.g.stationsofproposedendangeredspecies,uniquehabitats,etc.).Oncetheprimaryrouteshavebeenselectedforthesefacilities,theywillbecovermappedasdetailedintheVegetationCover/HabitatMapssection.Thismappingeffortisanticipatedtobeperformedinthelatterpartof1981.(7)EndangeredSpeciesSurveysPresentlytherearenoplantspecieslistedbyfederalorstateauthoritiesasendangeredorthreatenedinAlaska.However,twenty-sevenspeciesarebeingreviewedbytheFishandWildlifeServiceforprotectionundertheEndangeredSpeciesActof1973.Forthesespeciesdistributionandhabitatinformationwillbeassembledfromliteratureandherbariasources.Knownstationsandpotentialhabitatsforthesespeciesinthestudyareawillbesearchedtodeterminethepresentstatus.(8)ImpactAssessmentAllidentifiedpotentialimpactsoftheproposedprojectsonvegetationwillbediscussedinthereports.Theaccuracyofimpactpredictionswillvarydependingupontheareaunderconsideration.Fortheimpoundmentareasandaccessroadandtransmissionlinerights-of-way,accuratevaluesofthetotalacreageofeachvegetationtypetobeaffected(inundatedortraversed)bytheproposedfacilitiescanbedetermined.Theeffectoftheproposedfacilitiesondownstreamfloodplainvegetationwillbemoredifficulttoaccuratelypredict.Inthedownstreamareaplantecologicalinformationwillbeusedinconjunctionwithvariousphysicaldatatoaidinpredictingchanges.Dependingupontheaccuracywithwhichthebotanypersonnelfeelthattheycanpredictvegetationchanges,amapindicatingtypeandextentofchangesmaybeproduced.Supplementaryfieldinformationrequiredforpredictingimpactswillbeacquiredduringthe1981fieldseason.(9)PhaseIIPOSDevelopmentThelicenseapplicationsubmissiontotheFERCin1982willcontainaPlanofStudyforthePhaseIIplantecologystudies.ThedevelopmentofthisPOSwillbeapartofthePhaseIeffortandwillbebasedontheexperienceandknowledgegainedinthePhaseIeffort.5-283(6)CorridorSelectionTheselectionprocessforthetransmissionandaccessroadcorridorsisdetailedinSubtasks7.09and7.14,respectively.Inputfromtheplantecologicalstudieswillbemadeintothesetasks.Intheinitialrouteselectionanalysis,thealternativerouteswillbeevaluatedonasuperficialbasisformajorvegetationconstraints(e.g.stationsofproposedendangeredspecies,uniquehabitats,etc.).Oncetheprimaryrouteshavebeenselectedforthesefacilities,theywillbecovermappedasdetailedintheVegetationCover/HabitatMapssection.Thismappingeffortisanticipatedtobeperformedinthelatterpartof1981.(7)EndangeredSpeciesSurveysPresentlytherearenoplantspecieslistedbyfederalorstateauthoritiesasendangeredorthreatenedinAlaska.However,twenty-sevenspeciesarebeingreviewedbytheFishandWildlifeServiceforprotectionundertheEndangeredSpeciesActof1973.Forthesespeciesdistributionandhabitatinformationwillbeassembledfromliteratureandherbariasources.Knownstationsandpotentialhabitatsforthesespeciesinthestudyareawillbesearchedtodeterminethepresentstatus.(8)ImpactAssessmentAllidentifiedpotentialimpactsoftheproposedprojectsonvegetationwillbediscussedinthereports.Theaccuracyofimpactpredictionswillvarydependingupontheareaunderconsideration.Fortheimpoundmentareasandaccessroadandtransmissionlinerights-of-way,accuratevaluesofthetotalacreageofeachvegetationtypetobeaffected(inundatedortraversed)bytheproposedfacilitiescanbedetermined.Theeffectoftheproposedfacilitiesondownstreamfloodplainvegetationwillbemoredifficulttoaccuratelypredict.Inthedownstreamareaplantecologicalinformationwillbeusedinconjunctionwithvariousphysicaldatatoaidinpredictingchanges.Dependingupontheaccuracywithwhichthebotanypersonnelfeelthattheycanpredictvegetationchanges,amapindicatingtypeandextentofchangesmaybeproduced.Supplementaryfieldinformationrequiredforpredictingimpactswillbeacquiredduringthe1981fieldseason.(9)PhaseIIPOSDevelopmentThelicenseapplicationsubmissiontotheFERCin1982willcontainaPlanofStudyforthePhaseIIplantecologystudies.ThedevelopmentofthisPOSwillbeapartofthePhaseIeffortandwillbebasedontheexperienceandknowledgegainedinthePhaseIeffort.5-283 Subtask7.13-GeologicalAnalysisThissubtaskwillbecompletedaspartofthestudiesconductedunderTask5 -GeotechnicalExploration.5-284,Subtask7.13-GeologicalAnalysisThissubtaskwillbecompletedaspartofthestudiesconductedunderTask5-GeotechnicalExploration.5-284, Subtask7.14-AccessRoadEnvironmentalAnalysis(a)ObjectiveToprovideinputintotheselectionofanaccessroadroutethatwillbeenvironmentallysoundandtoprovideanimpactassessmentofthepreferredroute.(b)ApproachThissubtaskwillinitiallyinvolvethecomparisonofalternativeroutes.Majorenvironmentalconstraintswillbemappedalongthe"variousproposedalternativeroutes.Onepreferredroutewillthenbeselectedthatwillbefeasiblefromenvironmental,economicandengineeringviewpoints.Directandindirectimpactsoftheproposedactionwillbediscussedintheenvironmentalreport.(c)DiscussionThefirstpartofthissubtaskwillbethescreeningofalternativeroutes.ThescreeningprocesswillbeacoordinationeffortbetweenR&MConsultants,Inc.,AcresandTES.R&MandAcreswillinitiallyproposevariousviablealternativeroutesorareaswhereviablealternativescouldbeproposed.TESwillthenprovideamaporadiscussionofthevariousmajorenvironmentalconstraints,(cultural~sources,criticalwildlifehabitats,wetlands,habitatforendangeredorthreatenedspecies,etc.)intheseareas.A proposedroutewillthenbeselectedtakingenvironmental,engineeringandeconomicconcernsintoconsideration.Onceaproposedrouteisselected,moredetailedenvironmentalinformationwillbecollectedforthatspecificroute.Examplesofenvironmentalinformationincludeavegetationcovermap,wildlifehabitats,availablebiologicalinformationforanywaterbodiescrossedandotherpertinentenvironmentalinformation.Impactsoftheproposedaccessroadwillbepresented.Theimpactsofassociatedactivities,suchastheacquisitionoffillmaterial,willbeaddressed.Socioeconomic,landuse,andrecreationimpactsrelatedtoincreasedaccesstotheareawillalsobediscussed.Thecomparisonofalternativeaccessroadswillbeperformedprimarilyinthefirstyear.Moredetailedinformationontheproposedroutewillbecollectedduringthesecondsummer.(d)ScheduleWeeks1through1125-285Subtask7.14-AccessRoadEnvironmentalAnalysis(a)ObjectiveToprovideinputintotheselectionofanaccessroadroutethatwillbeenvironmentallysoundandtoprovideanimpactassessmentofthepreferredroute.(b)ApproachThissubtaskwillinitiallyinvolvethecomparisonofalternativeroutes.Majorenvironmentalconstraintswillbemappedalongthe"variousproposedalternativeroutes.Onepreferredroutewillthenbeselectedthatwillbefeasiblefromenvironmental,economicandengineeringviewpoints.Directandindirectimpactsoftheproposedactionwillbediscussedintheenvironmentalreport.(c)DiscussionThefirstpartofthissubtaskwillbethescreeningofalternativeroutes.ThescreeningprocesswillbeacoordinationeffortbetweenR&MConsultants,Inc.,AcresandTES.R&MandAcreswillinitiallyproposevariousviablealternativeroutesorareaswhereviablealternativescouldbeproposed.TESwillthenprovideamaporadiscussionofthevariousmajorenvironmentalconstraints,(cultural~sources,criticalwildlifehabitats,wetlands,habitatforendangeredorthreatenedspecies,etc.)intheseareas.A proposedroutewillthenbeselectedtakingenvironmental,engineeringandeconomicconcernsintoconsideration.Onceaproposedrouteisselected,moredetailedenvironmentalinformationwillbecollectedforthatspecificroute.Examplesofenvironmentalinformationincludeavegetationcovermap,wildlifehabitats,availablebiologicalinformationforanywaterbodiescrossedandotherpertinentenvironmentalinformation.Impactsoftheproposedaccessroadwillbepresented.Theimpactsofassociatedactivities,suchastheacquisitionoffillmaterial,willbeaddressed.Socioeconomic,landuse,andrecreationimpactsrelatedtoincreasedaccesstotheareawillalsobediscussed.Thecomparisonofalternativeaccessroadswillbeperformedprimarilyinthefirstyear.Moredetailedinformationontheproposedroutewillbecollectedduringthesecondsummer.(d)ScheduleWeeks1through1125-285 Subtask7.15-PreparationofFERCLicenseApplicationExhibit(a)ObjectiveTocompileandorganizethereportsofallthevariousenvironmentaldisciplinesintooneenvironmentalreportrequiredforthelicenseapplicationsubmissiontotheFederalEnergyRegulatoryCommission.(b)ApproachThecollationandorganizationofthevariousenvironmentalreportsintoalicenseapplicationenvironmentalreportwillrequirekeepingabreastofthechangesinregulations,reportformatandimplementationproceduresthroughouttheprojectperiod.Anenvironmentalreportcommensuratewiththeregulationsineffectduringthetimeofsubmissionwillthenbeprepared.(c)DiscussionAnenvironmentalimpactstatementfortheproposedSusitnaRiverProjectisrequiredundervariousCommissionOrdersoftheFERC,andinaccordancewiththeNationalEnvironmentalPolicyAct(NEPA).PresentlytheFERCregulationspertinenttotheenvironmentalstudiesareExhibitsR,S,VandW.Formajorhydroelectricprojects,theseExhibitsarecurrentlybeingreorganizedintoExhibitE-Environmental.OfficialsofFERCarenotcertainastowhenthereorganizationwillbecompleted,butitwillbeeffectivebeforeapplicationsubmissionfortheSusitnaProject.Astheprojectprogressesanyrevisedenvironmentallegislationpertinenttotheproposedprojectwillbeobtained.TheseregulationswillbereviewedandactiontakentoinsurecomplianceaspartoftheCoordinationSubtask(7.01).Regulationsineffectatthetimeofthepermitapplicationwillbeusedforpreparationoftheexhibitfortheenvironmentalreport.Althoughtheformatoftheenvironmentalreportwilldependupontherevisedregulations,itisanticipatedthattheFERCenvironmentalreportoutlinewillfollowtherecentlyeffective(July30,1979)ImplementationofProceduralProvisionspromulgatedbytheCouncilonEnvironmentalQuality.Certainpartsofthereportsforthevariousdisciplineswillbesummarizedorreorganizedtomeettherequirements.Sectionstyingdifferentdisciplinestogetherwillalsobeprepared.(d)ScheduleWeeks109through126(SeePlateT7.1)5-286Subtask7.15-PreparationofFERCLicenseApplicationExhibit(a)ObjectiveTocompileandorganizethereportsofallthevariousenvironmentaldisciplinesintooneenvironmentalreportrequiredforthelicenseapplicationsubmissiontotheFederalEnergyRegulatoryCommission.(b)ApproachThecollationandorganizationofthevariousenvironmentalreportsintoalicenseapplicationenvironmentalreportwillrequirekeepingabreastofthechangesinregulations,reportformatandimplementationproceduresthroughouttheprojectperiod.Anenvironmentalreportcommensuratewiththeregulationsineffectduringthetimeofsubmissionwillthenbeprepared.(c)DiscussionAnenvironmentalimpactstatementfortheproposedSusitnaRiverProjectisrequiredundervariousCommissionOrdersoftheFERC,andinaccordancewiththeNationalEnvironmentalPolicyAct(NEPA).PresentlytheFERCregulationspertinenttotheenvironmentalstudiesareExhibitsR,S,VandW.Formajorhydroelectricprojects,theseExhibitsarecurrentlybeingreorganizedintoExhibitE-Environmental.OfficialsofFERCarenotcertainastowhenthereorganizationwillbecompleted,butitwillbeeffectivebeforeapplicationsubmissionfortheSusitnaProject.Astheprojectprogressesanyrevisedenvironmentallegislationpertinenttotheproposedprojectwillbeobtained.TheseregulationswillbereviewedandactiontakentoinsurecomplianceaspartoftheCoordinationSubtask(7.01).Regulationsineffectatthetimeofthepermitapplicationwillbeusedforpreparationoftheexhibitfortheenvironmentalreport.Althoughtheformatoftheenvironmentalreportwilldependupontherevisedregulations,itisanticipatedthattheFERCenvironmentalreportoutlinewillfollowtherecentlyeffective(July30,1979)ImplementationofProceduralProvisionspromulgatedbytheCouncilonEnvironmentalQuality.Certainpartsofthereportsforthevariousdisciplineswillbesummarizedorreorganizedtomeettherequirements.Sectionstyingdifferentdisciplinestogetherwillalsobeprepared.(d)ScheduleWeeks109through126(SeePlateT7.1)5-286 JFMAMJJASONDJ FMAMJJ08TAINPERMITSFORSAMPLINGNOTICETOPROCEED1980PROCEDURESMANUAL1981198219831984AS 0 N D J F M AMJ J A S 0ND J F MA MJJAS 0N DJ F MA M JJIAS0 NDLICENSEWRITTENFIRSTSECONDANTICIPATEDAPPLICATIONTESTIMONYSUPPLEMENTARYSUPPLEMENTARYCOMMISSIONREPORTREPORTORDERt tt~•COMPILEaREVIEWEXISTINGINFORMATIONREFINEPLANOFSTUDYaPREPAREPROCEDURESMANUALIDENTIFYp.iilDAI.!iTAiloV~ID~S~."."'.~.,~g.~,;J;,.l.~~••A.~';"IL.,~".i:.'::'.g~ ~~".I-L.~I..T..,i.l:l.':",J;.~~';....f.I-E..,""'.l..~:.I--...I-o.....LICENSEAPPLICATIONSTUDIES*SUPPLEMENTARYPERFORMFIELDSTUDIESPREPAREQUARTERLYREPORTSPERFORMIMPACTANALYSISPREPAREEXHIBITSPREPAREWRITTENTESTIMONYaRESPONSESTOINTERROGATORIESOBTAINREQUIREDINPUT........-...t t tDESIGNSPECS.FORDAMSaRELATEDFACIL1TIESDEVELOPMENT.".,.·---rrr~':::,1.:".li\l,;:''"-•••",.,.,.-III...100-,...."'"'1--...."'"'....REFINEMENT~----"''''-····11l--·~·~~·_--"""",W,,~,;"I'"rrrn:m,",,,--:··'Tr~~~'-'~'~r-----~'"~··"::".COMMENTSFROMFERC,ADF80G,USFWS,THEPUBLIC,ETC.I I*LICENSEAPPLICATIONSTUDIES*SUPPLEMENTARYSTUDIESSOCIOECONOMICSCULTURALRESOURCESLANDUSERECREATIONWATERQUALITYFISHERIESWILDLIFEPLANTECOLOGY(ALLDISCIPLINES,ASREQUIRED)SUSITNAHYDROELECTRICPROJECTPLANOFSTUDYPLATET7.1:TASK7SCHEDULE5-287/5-288JFMAMJJASONDJ FMAMJJ08TAINPERMITSFORSAMPLINGNOTICETOPROCEED1980PROCEDURESMANUAL1981198219831984AS 0 N D J F M AMJ J A S 0ND J F MA MJJAS 0N DJ F MA M JJIAS0 NDLICENSEWRITTENFIRSTSECONDANTICIPATEDAPPLICATIONTESTIMONYSUPPLEMENTARYSUPPLEMENTARYCOMMISSIONREPORTREPORTORDERttt~•COMPILEaREVIEWEXISTINGINFORMATIONREFINEPLANOFSTUDYaPREPAREPROCEDURESMANUALIDENTIFYp.iilDAI.!iTAiloV~ID~S~."."'.~.,~g.~,;J;,.l.~~••A.~';"IL.,~".i:.'::'.g~~~".I-L.~I..T..,i.l:l.':",J;.~~';....f.I-E..,""'.l..~:.I--...I-o.....LICENSEAPPLICATIONSTUDIES*SUPPLEMENTARYPERFORMFIELDSTUDIESPREPAREQUARTERLYREPORTSPERFORMIMPACTANALYSISPREPAREEXHIBITSPREPAREWRITTENTESTIMONYaRESPONSESTOINTERROGATORIESOBTAINREQUIREDINPUT........-...t t tDESIGNSPECS.FORDAMSaRELATEDFACIL1TIESDEVELOPMENT.".,.·---rrr~':::,1.:".li\l,;:''"-•••",.,.,.-III...100-,...."'"'1--...."'"'....REFINEMENT~----"''''-····11l--·~·~~·_--"""",W,,~,;"I'"rrrn:m,",,,--:··'Tr~~~'-'~'~r-----~'"~··"::".COMMENTSFROMFERC,ADF80G,USFWS,THEPUBLIC,ETC.I I*LICENSEAPPLICATIONSTUDIES*SUPPLEMENTARYSTUDIESSOCIOECONOMICSCULTURALRESOURCESLANDUSERECREATIONWATERQUALITYFISHERIESWILDLIFEPLANTECOLOGY(ALLDISCIPLINES,ASREQUIRED)SUSITNAHYDROELECTRICPROJECTPLANOFSTUDYPLATET7.1:TASK7SCHEDULE5-287/5-288 A.5.9-TASK8:TRANSMISSION(i)TaskObjectivesToselectthetransmissionrouteandproduceconceptualdesignsandcostestimatesfortheFERClicenseapplicationforthefollowingprojectcomponents:-TransmissionlinelinkingtheprojectdamsitestoFairbanksandAnchorage,withpotentialintermediatestationstofeedlocalcommunitiesSubstations,withparticularreferencetothetwomajorterminalsatFairbanksandAnchorage,togetherwithasuitabledesignforintermediateloadpoints-Dispatchcenterandcommunicationssystem(ii)TaskOutputDuring1980IssueadesignmemorandumoutliningtheresultsoftheAcresreviewofthe1979IECOreportandapreliminaryscreeningoftheroutesidentifiedinthatreport.During1982Basicdesigninformationdealingwiththefollowingaspects:-Transmission-linevoltagelevel.Towertypes.Routemap.Conductordata.Insulationlevels.Constructionaccess.Constructionschedule.Costestimates-Substations.Single-linediagramforeachmaintypeofsubstation.Generalarrangementdrawings.Transformercriteria.Circuit-breakercriteria.Outlineofrelayprotectionphilosophy:Costestimates5-289A.5.9-TASK8:TRANSMISSION(i)TaskObjectivesToselectthetransmissionrouteandproduceconceptualdesignsandcostestimatesfortheFERClicenseapplicationforthefollowingprojectcomponents:-TransmissionlinelinkingtheprojectdamsitestoFairbanksandAnchorage,withpotentialintermediatestationstofeedlocalcommunitiesSubstations,withparticularreferencetothetwomajorterminalsatFairbanksandAnchorage,togetherwithasuitabledesignforintermediateloadpoints-Dispatchcenterandcommunicationssystem(ii)TaskOutputDuring1980IssueadesignmemorandumoutliningtheresultsoftheAcresreviewofthe1979IECOreportandapreliminaryscreeningoftheroutesidentifiedinthatreport.During1982Basicdesigninformationdealingwiththefollowingaspects:-Transmission-linevoltagelevel.Towertypes.Routemap.Conductordata.Insulationlevels.Constructionaccess.Constructionschedule.Costestimates-Substations.Single-linediagramforeachmaintypeofsubstation.Generalarrangementdrawings.Transformercriteria.Circuit-breakercriteria.Outlineofrelayprotectionphilosophy:Costestimates5-289 -DispatchCenterandCommunications.Locationandsizeofcenter.Levelofautomationproposedforremotestations.Extentofreal-timefunctionsrequired.Typeofcommunicationchannelproposedtogetherwithappropriatedatatransmissionrates.Basictypeofsoftware.Man-MachineinterfaceInaddition,descriptionsofthedesignstudieswillbewrittenforinclusionintheProjectFeasibilityReport,anddocumentionfortheFERClicenseapplicationwillbeprepared.(iii)ListofSubtasks8.01-TransmissionLine-CorridorScreening-19808.02-ElectricSystemsStudies8.03-TransmissionLine-RouteSelection-19818.04-Tower,HardwareandConductorStudies8.05-Substations8.06-DispatchCenterandCommunications8.07-TransmissionLineCostEstimate(iv)SubtaskScopeStatementsOurbasicapproachtotheworkoutlinedinthistaskwillinitiallybetoreviewthe1979IECOreportswithrespecttotheirapproachandtheirlevelofdetail.Followin9this,wewillundertakemoredetailedstudyandconceptualdesignuptoalevelappropriateforFERClicenseandforbasictechnicalandeconomicfeasibility.Includedinthisworkwillbetheutilizationofsuchgeologic(Task5)andclimatologic(Task3)fielddataascanbeobtainedduringthatstudyperiod.Wealsoproposeanextensivefieldreconnaissanceduring1980plusmappingalimitedselectionofkey.sectionsofthevariouscorridors(Task2).Thefieldreconnaissance,reviewoftheIECOstudies,andpreliminaryscreeningofthecorridorswilltakeplaceduring1980(Subtask8.01).Duringthisperiodwe\~illalsostarttheelectricsystemstudies(Subtask8.02).During1981thegenerallocationofthetransmissionlineroute(s)withintheselectedcorridor(s)willbeestablished(Subtask8.03)andconceptualdesignsproduced.Designstudiesandcostestimatesforthe,owers,i.~rdwareardConductors(Subtask8.04),Substations(Subtask8.05),andDispatchandCommunicationsCenter(Subtask5-290-DispatchCenterandCommunications.Locationandsizeofcenter.Levelofautomationproposedforremotestations.Extentofreal-timefunctionsrequired.Typeofcommunicationchannelproposedtogetherwithappropriatedatatransmissionrates.Basictypeofsoftware.Man-MachineinterfaceInaddition,descriptionsofthedesignstudieswillbewrittenforinclusionintheProjectFeasibilityReport,anddocumentionfortheFERClicenseapplicationwillbeprepared.(iii)ListofSubtasks8.01-TransmissionLine-CorridorScreening-19808.02-ElectricSystemsStudies8.03-TransmissionLine-RouteSelection-19818.04-Tower,HardwareandConductorStudies8.05-Substations8.06-DispatchCenterandCommunications8.07-TransmissionLineCostEstimate(iv)SubtaskScopeStatementsOurbasicapproachtotheworkoutlinedinthistaskwillinitiallybetoreviewthe1979IECOreportswithrespecttotheirapproachandtheirlevelofdetail.Followin9this,wewillundertakemoredetailedstudyandconceptualdesignuptoalevelappropriateforFERClicenseandforbasictechnicalandeconomicfeasibility.Includedinthisworkwillbetheutilizationofsuchgeologic(Task5)andclimatologic(Task3)fielddataascanbeobtainedduringthatstudyperiod.Wealsoproposeanextensivefieldreconnaissanceduring1980plusmappingalimitedselectionofkey.sectionsofthevariouscorridors(Task2).Thefieldreconnaissance,reviewoftheIECOstudies,andpreliminaryscreeningofthecorridorswilltakeplaceduring1980(Subtask8.01).Duringthisperiodwe\~illalsostarttheelectricsystemstudies(Subtask8.02).During1981thegenerallocationofthetransmissionlineroute(s)withintheselectedcorridor(s)willbeestablished(Subtask8.03)andconceptualdesignsproduced.Designstudiesandcostestimatesforthe,owers,i.~rdwareardConductors(Subtask8.04),Substations(Subtask8.05),andDispatchandCommunicationsCenter(Subtask5-290 8.06)willalsobedeveloped.Particularattentionwillbedevotedtoproducingfeasibility-typecostestimatesandtoreconcilethedifferencesbetweenpreviousestimatesmadeby1EeOandtheAlaskaPowerAdministration.5-2918.06)willalsobedeveloped.Particularattentionwillbedevotedtoproducingfeasibility-typecostestimatesandtoreconcilethedifferencesbetweenpreviousestimatesmadeby1EeOandtheAlaskaPowerAdministration.5-291 Subtask8.01-TransmissionLineCorridorScreening-1980(a)Objective•Toreviewthe1979IECOreportinitially,toeliminatesomeofthelessattractivecorridors,toidentifysuchconsiderationsofrouteselectionthatmayrequireadditionalworkandtoplanthe1981fielddatacollection.(b)ApproachThisactivitywillinvolveanextensivefieldreconnaissanceofselectedpotentialcorridors.WealsoanticipatebeinggivenfullaccesstoallavailableIECOdatawithregardtosystemstudies(loadflow,etc.)andalsostructuralstudiesoftowersifsuchexist.Thissubtaskwouldalsoincludeadetailedreviewoftheeconomicsofadcalternative.Oncetheabove-mentionedreviewstudiesarecompleted,apreliminaryscreeningstudywillbeundertakentoeliminatetheobviouslylessdesirablecorridorsfromfurtherconsideration.Thecorridorsselectedforfurtherstudywillbeidentified"asbandsonth~one-inch-to-one-milemappingandmadeavailableasinputfor"thebiologicalandfoundationsstudies.Thecenterlineofthesebandswillbemarkeduponexistingphotographycoverage.This,togetherwiththemarked-upone-inch-to-one-milemaps,willbeusedtodirectthehighaerialphotographicprogramwhichwillprovidespecificcoveragealongthepotentialroutes.Thepreferredcorridorswillbemadeavailableintimeforthestartofthe1981summersurveyseasonsothattherequiredgeologicalexplorationandmappingworkcanbeundertaken.Forthisstageofthework,weproposetodefineanumberofkeysectionsofthevariouscorridorsformappinginthe1981season.Suchsectionswillbechosenasbeingtypica~ofthevariousfeaturesofthecorridor,muskeg,permafrost,steepgrades,etc.For"thepurposesofthepresentsubmission,weproposethateachsectionbebetween5andIOmilesinlengthandthatupto10suchsectionsbemapped.(c)DiscussionTheprescreeningactivitieswillbecarriedoutonthebasisofthefollowingconsiderations:-Reviewofallbackgrounddata(USBR,IECO,etc.).-Assessmentofdifferentialcostsasdeterminedbygeologicalorclimaticconsiderations.-Relativeassessmentofenvironmentalconsiderations,landuse,etc.-Reviewofpowersystemrelatedaspectssuchasthenumberofintermediateloadpointstobeserved.5-292Subtask8.01-TransmissionLineCorridorScreening-1980(a)ObjectiveToreviewthe1979IECOreportinitially,toeliminatesomeofthelessattractivecorridors,toidentifysuchconsiderationsofrouteselectionthatmayrequireadditionalworkandtoplanthe1981fielddatacollection.(b)ApproachThisactivitywillinvolveanextensivefieldreconnaissanceofselectedpotentialcorridors.WealsoanticipatebeinggivenfullaccesstoallavailableIECOdatawithregardtosystemstudies(loadflow,etc.)andalsostructuralstudiesoftowersifsuchexist.Thissubtaskwouldalsoincludeadetailedreviewoftheeconomicsofadcalternative.Oncetheabove-mentionedreviewstudiesarecompleted,apreliminaryscreeningstudywillbeundertakentoeliminatetheobviouslylessdesirablecorridorsfromfurtherconsideration.Thecorridorsselectedforfurtherstudywillbeidentified"asbandsonth~one-inch-to-one-milemappingandmadeavailableasinputfor'thebiologicalandfoundationsstudies.Thecenterlineofthesebandswillbemarkeduponexistingphotographycoverage.This,togetherwiththemarked-upone-inch-to-one-milemaps,willbeusedtodirectthehighaerialphotographicprogramwhichwillprovidespecificcoveragealongthepotentialroutes.Thepreferredcorridorswillbemadeavailableintimeforthestartofthe1981summersurveyseasonsothattherequiredgeologicalexplorationandmappingworkcanbeundertaken.Forthisstageofthework,weproposetodefineanumberofkeysectionsofthevariouscorridorsformappinginthe1981season.Suchsectionswillbechosenasbeingtypica~ofthevariousfeaturesofthecorridor,muskeg,permafrost,steepgrades,etc.For.thepurposesofthepresentsubmission,weproposethateachsectionbebetween5andIOmilesinlengthandthatupto10suchsectionsbemapped.(c)DiscussionTheprescreeningactivitieswillbecarriedoutonthebasisofthefollowingconsiderations:-Reviewofallbackgrounddata(USBR,IECO,etc.).-Assessmentofdifferentialcostsasdeterminedbygeologicalorclimaticconsiderations.-Relativeassessmentofenvironmentalconsiderations,landuse,etc.-Reviewofpowersystemrelatedaspectssuchasthenumberofintermediateloadpointstobeserved.5-292 Weanticipatethatthisprescreeningprocesswillallowustoeliminateapproximately75percentofthecurrentlyidentifiedroutes.(d)ScheduleWeeks11through525-293Weanticipatethatthisprescreeningprocesswillallowustoeliminateapproximately75percentofthecurrentlyidentifiedroutes.(d)ScheduleWeeks11through525-293 Subtask8.02-ElectricSystemStudies(a)ObjectiveToensurethattheelectricalaspectsoftheprojectdesignareintegratedwiththeexistingRailbeltareapowersystemsandtodesignanelectricalpowersystemwhichisreliableandeconomic.(b)ApproachThefollowingstepswillbecarriedout:-Reviewallpreviousstudies(includingsourcedataandcomputeroutputsifavailable)-Intheeventthatnoload-flowstudieshaveasyetbeendone,thefollowingdatawouldbeobtainedfromtheAPAandotherutilities:generatingstationplantcapacity--transmissionlineimpedances--substationtransformercapacitiesandloads-Obtaininformationfromtheloadforecastingstudy(Task1)includingdetailsofthefollowing:--existingloadconditions--historicalloadgrowth--loadandenergyprojections--dailyandannualloaddurationcurves--locationofloadcenters-MeetwithAPA,theAlaskaPowerAdministrationandtheRailbeltutilitiestoobtainsystemdataandreviewofproposedfutureexpansionattheutilitylevel.DetermineeconomicandsecuritycriteriaandreviewwithAPA.-Determinemainandintermediatesubstationlocationsandcapacities.-Establishtransmissionlinerequirements,includingmosteconomicalvoltagelevelstogetherwithconductorsizesandappropriatespacings.-Performpreliminaryloadflowstudiestoverifytransmissionsystemconfigurationandparameters.-Determinelineenergizingandcompensationrequirements.-Establishgeneralelectricalequipmentspecificationssuchas:--insulationlevels--equipmentratingsandconnections--transformertapranges--switchyardsingle-linediagrams5-294Subtask8.02-ElectricSystemStudies(a)ObjectiveToensurethattheelectricalaspectsoftheprojectdesignareintegratedwiththeexistingRailbeltareapowersystemsandtodesignanelectricalpowersystemwhichisreliableandeconomic.(b)ApproachThefollowingstepswillbecarriedout:-Reviewallpreviousstudies(includingsourcedataandcomputeroutputsifavailable)-Intheeventthatnoload-flowstudieshaveasyetbeendone,thefollowingdatawouldbeobtainedfromtheAPAandotherutilities:generatingstationplantcapacity--transmissionlineimpedances--substationtransformercapacitiesandloads-Obtaininformationfromtheloadforecastingstudy(Task1)includingdetailsofthefollowing:--existingloadconditions--historicalloadgrowth--loadandenergyprojections--dailyandannualloaddurationcurves--locationofloadcenters-MeetwithAPA,theAlaskaPowerAdministrationandtheRailbeltutilitiestoobtainsystemdataandreviewofproposedfutureexpansionattheutilitylevel.DetermineeconomicandsecuritycriteriaandreviewwithAPA.-Determinemainandintermediatesubstationlocationsandcapacities.-Establishtransmissionlinerequirements,includingmosteconomicalvoltagelevelstogetherwithconductorsizesandappropriatespacings.-Performpreliminaryloadflowstudiestoverifytransmissionsystemconfigurationandparameters.-Determinelineenergizingandcompensationrequirements.-Establishgeneralelectricalequipmentspecificationssuchas:--insulationlevels--equipmentratingsandconnections--transformertapranges--switchyardsingle-linediagrams5-294 Acreshasdevelopedacomprehensivesetofcomputerprogramswhichwillbeemployedtoassisttheforegoingstudies.Theseprogramsinclude:-Load-flow-NewtonRaphsonMethod(AcresProgramNo.EL012)-Three-PhaseShortCircuit(AcresProgramNo.EL020)-TransientStability(AcresProgramNo.EL030)-DynamicStability(AcresProgramNo.EL034)-TransmissionLineDynamicOvervoltages(AcresProgramNo.EL831)-ConductorThermalCurrentRating(AcresProgramNo.EL834)Thestudieswillidentifythebasictransmissionlinerequirementsandcharacteristicsofelectricalsubstationequipment,generationequipmentandrelayprotection.(c)DiscussionWeanticipatethatduring1980,load-flowstudieswouldbemadeforavarietyofpreliminarysystemconfigurations.During1981,theseloadflowstudieswouldberefinedtorepresentthepreferredsystem.Duringthelatterperiod,shortcircuitandstabilitystudieswouldalsobecarriedout.AstudyofpotentialgroundingproblemsassociatedwithpermafrostasexperiencedatPrudhoeBayandtheeffectonprotectivegroundrelayingwouldalsobeundertaken.(d)ScheduleWeeks20through1205-295Acreshasdevelopedacomprehensivesetofcomputerprogramswhichwillbeemployedtoassisttheforegoingstudies.Theseprogramsinclude:-Load-flow-NewtonRaphsonMethod(AcresProgramNo.EL012)-Three-PhaseShortCircuit(AcresProgramNo.EL020)-TransientStability(AcresProgramNo.EL030)-DynamicStability(AcresProgramNo.EL034)-TransmissionLineDynamicOvervoltages(AcresProgramNo.EL831)-ConductorThermalCurrentRating(AcresProgramNo.EL834)Thestudieswillidentifythebasictransmissionlinerequirementsandcharacteristicsofelectricalsubstationequipment,generationequipmentandrelayprotection.(c)DiscussionWeanticipatethatduring1980,load-flowstudieswouldbemadeforavarietyofpreliminarysystemconfigurations.During1981,theseloadflowstudieswouldberefinedtorepresentthepreferredsystem.Duringthelatterperiod,shortcircuitandstabilitystudieswouldalsobecarriedout.AstudyofpotentialgroundingproblemsassociatedwithpermafrostasexperiencedatPrudhoeBayandtheeffectonprotectivegroundrelayingwouldalsobeundertaken.(d)ScheduleWeeks20through1205-295 Subtask8.03-TransmissionLine-RouteSelection1981(a)ObjectiveToidentifytwoselectedroutes,eachaboutahalf-milewide,onefromtheprojectsitestoAnchorageandtheothertoFairbanks.(b)ApproachThealternativecorridorscarriedforwardfromTask8.01willbesubjectedtoafurtherprocessofeliminationandafinalrouteselected.Inputtothistaskwillbeobtainedfromthefollowing:-Preliminaryenvironmentalstudies(Task2)includingaestheticconsiderations-Landusestudies(Task7)-Mappingofkeysections(Task2)-Climatologicalstudies(Task3)-Identificationofseismicproblems(Task4)-Geotechnicalexploration(Task5)-Geotechnicalfootingdesign(Task6)Thepossible.advantagestobeobtainedfromastagedconstructionsequencewillbeevaluated.Ifappropriate,separateroutesforfuturestageswillbeidentified.Theresultofthisstudywillbetheselectionofacompleteroute,approximatelyahalf-milewide.(c) DiscussionInarrivingatthefinalrouteselection,thefollowingpotentialdesigndifficultiespeculiartocoldclimateswillbetakenintoaccount.Damagetofootingsduetofrostheaveandmuskegconditions.Itisknownthatsuchproblemshavebeenencounteredonothertransmissionlines,specificallyonthe230-kVlinesbetweenTwinFallsandLabradorCity.Indesigningthe735-kVChurchillFallslines,Acressuccessfullysolvedtheseproblemsbythechoiceofguyedtowersandthecarefulselectionofroutesandanchordetails.Thepossibleeffectofpermafrostconditionsonrouteselectionwillalsobetakenintoaccount.ThepossibleneedtocontendwithextremelyhighwindvelocitiessuchasthoseencounteredatSnettishamwillbereviewed.Suchwindscannotnormallybeaccommodatedinthedesignofthetransmissionline.Thisproblemcanbesolvedbyreroutingandstockpilinganumberofsparetowers.(d)ScheduleWeeks60through1205-296,Subtask8.03-TransmissionLine-RouteSelection1981(a)ObjectiveToidentifytwoselectedroutes,eachaboutahalf-milewide,onefromtheprojectsitestoAnchorageandtheothertoFairbanks.(b)ApproachThealternativecorridorscarriedforwardfromTask8.01willbesubjectedtoafurtherprocessofeliminationandafinalrouteselected.Inputtothistaskwillbeobtainedfromthefollowing:-Preliminaryenvironmentalstudies(Task2)includingaestheticconsiderations-Landusestudies(Task7)-Mappingofkeysections(Task2)-Climatologicalstudies(Task3)-Identificationofseismicproblems(Task4)-Geotechnicalexploration(Task5)-Geotechnicalfootingdesign(Task6)Thepossible-advantagestobeobtainedfromastagedconstructionsequencewillbeevaluated.Ifappropriate,separateroutesforfuturestageswillbeidentified.Theresultofthisstudywillbetheselectionofacompleteroute,approximatelyahalf-milewide.(c) DiscussionInarrivingatthefinalrouteselection,thefollowingpotentialdesigndifficultiespeculiartocoldclimateswillbetakenintoaccount.Damagetofootingsduetofrostheaveandmuskegconditions.Itisknownthatsuchproblemshavebeenencounteredonothertransmissionlines,specificallyonthe230-kVlinesbetweenTwinFallsandLabradorCity.Indesigningthe735-kVChurchillFallslines,Acressuccessfullysolvedtheseproblemsbythechoiceofguyedtowersandthecarefulselectionofroutesandanchordetails.Thepossibleeffectofpermafrostconditionsonrouteselectionwillalsobetakenintoaccount.ThepossibleneedtocontendwithextremelyhighwindvelocitiessuchasthoseencounteredatSnettishamwillbereviewed.Suchwindscannotnormallybeaccommodatedinthedesignofthetransmissionline.Thisproblemcanbesolvedbyreroutingandstockpilinganumberofsparetowers.(d)ScheduleWeeks60through1205-296 Subtask8.04-Tower,HardwareandConductorStudies(a)ObjectiveToselectthemostappropriatetowerconfiguration,hardwareandconductorarrangementsfortheline.(b)ApproachTheexistingdatacontainedinpreviousstudies,particularlythe1979IECOreport,willbetakenintoaccountindevelopingthefollowing.(1)DesignCriteriaWewillestablishbasicdesign requirementsusingthedatafromfieldstudiesandsystemstudies.Theseincludeclimatologic(Task3),geotechnical(Task6)andelectricalparameters(Subtask8.02).(2)TowersWewillestablishsecuritylevelsandotherlineperformancelevelsandselectoverloadfactorsforvariousloadingconditions.Nonclimatologicalloadparameters;i.e.,brokenwire,constructionloadsetc.,alsowillbedetermined.I~)\,!Wewillconductastudyoftower-typesthiswillinvolveapreliminaryreviewofthedifferenttypesandconstructionmaterialsavailableandtheassociatedtransportationrequirements.Thetypesconsideredincluderigidandguyedtowersandwood-poleH-frames.Thegeometryoftoweroutlinesbasedonelectricalclearanceswillbedeveloped.Basedonthisstudy,arepresentativerangeoftowertypeswillbedetermined.Intheeventthatastagedconstructionsequenceisfoundtobedesirable,therelativeeconomicsofdouble-circuittowersversustwosingle-circuittowerswillbeassessed.Towerloadswillbeestablished.Thoseincludeaveragespan,windspan,weightspan,brokenwireandstringingandmaintenancerequirements.FootingsDesigncriteriawillbedeterminedfromtheresultsofgeotechnicalfieldinvestigations.Wewouldundertakeconceptualdesignsofalternativetypesoffootingforthefamilyoftowertypesselected.(4)MiscellaneousSystemFeaturesTheconductorwouldbeselectedtakingintoaccountelectricalrequirements(includingevaluationoflosses)andmechanicalstrength.5-297Subtask8.04-Tower,HardwareandConductorStudies(a)ObjectiveToselectthemostappropriatetowerconfiguration,hardwareandconductorarrangementsfortheline.(b)ApproachTheexistingdatacontainedinpreviousstudies,particularlythe1979IECOreport,willbetakenintoaccountindevelopingthefollowing.(1)DesignCriteriaWewillestablishbasicdesign requirementsusingthedatafromfieldstudiesandsystemstudies.Theseincludeclimatologic(Task3),geotechnical(Task6)andelectricalparameters(Subtask8.02).(2)TowersWewillestablishsecuritylevelsandotherlineperformance1evelsandselectoverloadfactorsforvarious1oadingconditions.Nonclimatologicalloadparameters;i.e.,brokenwire,constructionloadsetc.,alsowillbedetermined.Wewillconductastudyoftower-typesthiswillinvolveapreliminaryreviewofthedifferenttypesandconstructionmaterialsavailableandtheassociatedtransportationrequirements.Thetypesconsideredincluderigidandguyedtowersandwood-poleH-frames.Thegeometryoftoweroutlinesbasedonelectricalclearanceswillbedeveloped.Basedonthisstudy,arepresentativerangeoftowertypeswillbedetermined.Intheeventthatastagedconstructionsequenceisfoundtobedesirable,therelativeeconomicsofdouble-circuittowersversustwosingle-circuittowerswillbeassessed.Towerloadswillbeestablished.Thoseincludeaveragespan,windspan,weightspan,brokenwireandstringingandmaintenancerequirements.FootingsDesigncriteriawillbedeterminedfromtheresultsofgeotechnicalfieldinvestigations.Wewouldundertakeconceptualdesignsofalternativetypesoffootingforthefamilyoftowertypesselected.(4)MiscellaneousSystemFeaturesTheconductorwouldbeselectedtakingintoaccountelectricalrequirements(includingevaluationoflosses)andmechanicalstrength.5-297 TheenvironmentaleffectofaudibleconductornoiseandRIVandTIVwillbeassessed.Thebasicinsulationlevel(BIL)willbeestablishedandthetype,numberandconfigurationofinsulatorsselected.Intheeventthatwood-poleconstructionisselected,thepossibleeconomyofeliminatingtheoverheadgroundwillbeconsidered.Linehardware,thechoiceofarrangementforsuspension,deadendandjumperassemblies willbeselected.Groundingrequirementswillbedeterminedandsuitablearrangementsforlineandtowersdeveloped.(c)DiscussionAcreshasextensiveexperienceintransmissionlinedesignforregionswithcoldclimates,deepfrostpenetrationofthegroundandpermafrostconditions.Thiswillprovideasolidbasefordevelopingasounddesignforthevariouselementsofthetransmissionsystem.Optimizationofthedesignwi11beassistedbyour"in-house"computerprogramTROPwhichisatransmissionoptimizationprogram.Thisprogramissuppliedwiththebasicdesignrequirementsasinputdataanddeterminesconductorsags,tensions,towerloads,voltagegradients,losses(includingcorona),foraseriesofalternativesituationsinvolvingvariationsinconductortypeandsize,spanlengthandclimatologicalconditions.Onthebasisofconceptualcostinformation,itisusedintheevaluationandchoiceofthemosteconomicalconductorsizeandtheoptimumaveragespanforthelineanalyzed.(d)ScheduleWeeks81through1205-298$TheenvironmentaleffectofaudibleconductornoiseandRIVandTIVwillbeassessed.Thebasicinsulationlevel(BIL)willbeestablishedandthetype,numberandconfigurationofinsulatorsselected.Intheeventthatwood-poleconstructionisselected,thepossibleeconomyofeliminatingtheoverheadgroundwillbeconsidered.Linehardware,thechoiceofarrangementforsuspension,deadendandjumperassemblieswillbeselected.Groundingrequirementswillbedeterminedandsuitablearrangementsforlineandtowersdeveloped.(c)DiscussionAcreshasextensiveexperienceintransmissionlinedesignforregionswithcoldclimates,deepfrostpenetrationofthegroundandpermafrostconditions.Thiswillprovideasolidbasefordevelopingasounddesignforthevariouselementsofthetransmissionsystem.Optimizationofthedesignwillbeassistedbyour"in-house"computerprogramTROPwhichisatransmissionoptimizationprogram.Thisprogramissuppliedwiththebasicdesignrequirementsasinputdataanddeterminesconductorsags,tensions,towerloads,voltagegradients,losses(includingcorona),foraseriesofalternativesituationsinvolvingvariationsinconductortypeandsize,spanlengthandclimatologicalconditions.Onthebasisofconceptualcostinformation,itisusedintheevaluationandchoiceofthemosteconomicalconductorsizeandtheoptimumaveragespanforthelineanalyzed.(d)ScheduleWeeks81through1205-298 compliesMajorwillbeSubtask8.05-Substations(a)ObjectiveToprovideconceptualdesignsandcostestimatesforthemajorterminalsubtstationsateachendofthesystem,togetherwithtypicaldesignsforsubstationsattheintermediateloadpoints.(b)ApproachFromtheElectricalSystemsStudies(Subtask8.02)parameterswillbeobtained,whichwillbeemployedinfinalizingstationsingle-linediagrams,equipmentspecificationsandconfigurations,philosophyofoperationandcontrolofthesubstations.Earlydecisionswillbemadeonwhethertomanthesubstationsordependonautomaticoperationwithsupervisorycontrolofswitchingequipment.Thechosenarrangementwillbereviewedtoensurethatitwithsystem,environmentalandoperatiopalrequirements.equipmentcharacteristicswillbedeterminedandsketchesproducedtoallowcostestimatestobeprepared.Detailsofthesubstationsandswitchyardswillbedeterminedandwillinclude:-single-linediagrams-transformercapacity-typicalsubstationlayoutsandarrangements-shuntreactors(whenrequired)-auxiliarystationservice(c) DiscussionThelayoutofthesubstationswillbecoordinatedwiththetransmissionlineentry.Foraesthetic,climaticandlandmanagementreasons,gas-insulatedsubstationlayoutswillbeexamined.Finalselectionofgas-filledorconventionaltypewillbemadeoncethelocationofthesubstationsisdetermined.(d)ScheduleWeeks65through1205-299compliesMajorwillbeSubtask8.05-Substations(a)ObjectiveToprovideconceptualdesignsandcostestimatesforthemajorterminalsubtstationsateachendofthesystem,togetherwithtypicaldesignsforsubstationsattheintermediateloadpoints.(b)ApproachFromtheElectricalSystemsStudies(Subtask8.02)parameterswillbeobtained,whichwillbeemployedinfinalizingstationsingle-linediagrams,equipmentspecificationsandconfigurations,philosophyofoperationandcontrolofthesubstations.Earlydecisionswillbemadeonwhethertomanthesubstationsordependonautomaticoperationwithsupervisorycontrolofswitchingequipment.Thechosenarrangementwillbereviewedtoensurethatitwithsystem,environmentalandoperatiopalrequirements.equipmentcharacteristicswillbedeterminedandsketchesproducedtoallowcostestimatestobeprepared.Detailsofthesubstationsandswitchyardswillbedeterminedandwillinclude:-single-linediagrams-transformercapacity-typicalsubstationlayoutsandarrangements-shuntreactors(whenrequired)-auxiliarystationservice(c) DiscussionThelayoutofthesubstationswillbecoordinatedwiththetransmissionlineentry.Foraesthetic,climaticandlandmanagementreasons,gas-insulatedsubstationlayoutswillbeexamined.Finalselectionofgas-filledorconventionaltypewillbemadeoncethelocationofthesubstationsisdetermined.(d)ScheduleWeeks65through1205-299 Subtask8.06-DispatchCenterandCommunications(a)ObjectiveToproduceaconceptualdesignandcostestimateforacomputerizedcontrolanddispatchcenterthatwillprovidereliableandsecureoperationoftheproposedSusitnadevelopmentandtheAnchorage-Fairbankstransmissionlink.Appropriatecommunicationsforthecenterwillbeincluded.(b)ApproachTheSusitnaRiverBasinprojectwillintroduceconsiderablehydroelectricgeneratingcapacityintoapredominantlythermal-electricgeneratingsystem.ItisproposedtointerconnecttheFairbanksareawiththatofAnchorage,thusdevelopingalargerpowersystemthanthetwoexistingsystems.Tomakeeffectiveuseoffacilitiesintheenlargedpowerpool,adispatchcenterwithreliablecommunicationsystemwillberequired.Thefollowingstudieswillbeundertakenduringthefeasibilitystage:-ReviewandpreviousstudiesrelatedtosystemcontrolandcommunicationsintheRailbeltarea.-CollectdataonexistingcommunicationsandsystemcontrolpractisedbytheRailbeltutilities.-MeetwiththeAlaskaPowerAdministrationandtheutilitiestodiscussfutureorcommittedplanswithrespecttocontrolcentersorcommunicationssystems.-Proposearangeofalternativestoachievethegoalofprovidingeffectivecontrolofthepowerpool.Thecostofthesealternativeswillbeestimatedandcomparedinareport.-Examinevariousdegreesofsophisticationandschedulesandprepareestimatedcostsforintroduction.-Considerthequestionofwhichagencywillhaveoveralloperatingresponsibility.-Selectasystemandprepareconceptualdesignsandcostestimates.(c)DiscussionItisnecessarytodefineoverallresponsibilityatthebeginningofthisphaseoftheworkinordertoestablishthecriteriaforchoosingthemostsuitablescheme.Thedispatchcenterandacomprehensivecommunicationssystemwillprovidethefollowingfunctions:5-300Subtask8.06-DispatchCenterandCommunications(a)ObjectiveToproduceaconceptualdesignandcostestimateforacomputerizedcontrolanddispatchcenterthatwillprovidereliableandsecureoperationoftheproposedSusitnadevelopmentandtheAnchorage-Fairbankstransmissionlink.Appropriatecommunicationsforthecenterwillbeincluded.(b)ApproachTheSusitnaRiverBasinprojectwillintroduceconsiderablehydroelectricgeneratingcapacityintoapredominantlythermal-electricgeneratingsystem.ItisproposedtointerconnecttheFairbanksareawiththatofAnchorage,thusdevelopingalargerpowersystemthanthetwoexistingsystems.Tomakeeffectiveuseoffacilitiesintheenlargedpowerpool,adispatchcenterwithreliablecommunicationsystemwillberequired.Thefollowingstudieswillbeundertakenduringthefeasibilitystage:-ReviewandpreviousstudiesrelatedtosystemcontrolandcommunicationsintheRailbeltarea.-CollectdataonexistingcommunicationsandsystemcontrolpractisedbytheRailbeltutilities.-MeetwiththeAlaskaPowerAdministrationandtheutilitiestodiscussfutureorcommittedplanswithrespecttocontrolcentersorcommunicationssystems.-Proposearangeofalternativestoachievethegoalofprovidingeffectivecontrolofthepowerpool.Thecostofthesealternativeswillbeestimatedandcomparedinareport.-Examinevariousdegreesofsophisticationandschedulesandprepareestimatedcostsforintroduction.-Considerthequestionofwhichagencywillhaveoveralloperatingresponsibility.-Selectasystemandprepareconceptualdesignsandcostestimates.(c)DiscussionItisnecessarytodefineoverallresponsibilityatthebeginningofthisphaseoftheworkinordertoestablishthecriteriaforchoosingthemostsuitablescheme.Thedispatchcenterandacomprehensivecommunicationssystemwillprovidethefollowingfunctions:5-300 -Realtimemonitoringofsystemconditions-Enhancementofsystemsecurity-Economicdispatchofgeneratingfacilities,boththermalandhydro-Monitoringoftransmissionloads-Economicdispatchofintertiepower-ProvisionofsupervisorycontrolforselectedunattendedsubstationsInouropinion,considerableadvantagecanbederivediftheRailbeltpowerinterconnectionisoperatedwithacentraldispatchcenterandthecomplementingcommunicationschannels.ArrangementswillbemadetoenlisttheservicesofspecializedconsultantssuchasEnergyandControlConsultantsfromCaliforniatoassistAcresandtoreviewthissectionofthepreliminaryreport.(d)ScheduleWeeks65through1205-301-Realtimemonitoringofsystemconditions-Enhancementofsystemsecurity-Economicdispatchofgeneratingfacilities,boththermalandhydro-Monitoringoftransmissionloads-Economicdispatchofintertiepower-ProvisionofsupervisorycontrolforselectedunattendedsubstationsInouropinion,considerableadvantagecanbederivediftheRailbeltpowerinterconnectionisoperatedwithacentraldispatchcenterandthecomplementingcommunicationschannels.ArrangementswillbemadetoenlisttheservicesofspecializedconsultantssuchasEnergyandControlConsultantsfromCaliforniatoassistAcresandtoreviewthissectionofthepreliminaryreport.(d)ScheduleWeeks65through1205-301 Subtask8.07-TransmissionLineCostEstimates(a)ObjectiveToarriveatafeasibilityestimatetypeofcostofthetransmissionsystem.(b)ApproachUtilizingAcres'experi~nceinnorthernconstructionlogistics,acapitalcostestimatewillbepreparedfortheconstructionofthelines.Specialcarewillbetakentofullyreflecttheneedtorespectstrictcontrolsonconstructionactivities,tocontrolenvironmentalimpactsandcarryoutamitigationprogramduringandfollowingthecompletionofconstruction.(c) DiscussionCostsoftheprocurementofmaterialandtheirshipmenttositewillbecarefullyevaluatedbyinvestigationsandsupplementedbyenquiriesofcompetentsuppliers.Acres'estimatesofcostsforconstructionwillberefinedbytheinvolvementofexperiencedcontractorswhowillbeaskedtoprovideinput regardingconstructionlogisticsandschedule.(d)ScheduleWeeks20through1205-302LL--JSubtask8.07-TransmissionLineCostEstimates(a)ObjectiveToarriveatafeasibilityestimatetypeofcostofthetransmissionsystem.(b)ApproachUtilizingAcres'experi~nceinnorthernconstructionlogistics,acapitalcostestimatewillbepreparedfortheconstructionofthelines.Specialcarewillbetakentofullyreflecttheneedtorespectstrictcontrolsonconstructionactivities,tocontrolenvironmentalimpactsandcarryoutamitigationprogramduringandfollowingthecompletionofconstruction.(c) DiscussionCostsoftheprocurementofmaterialandtheirshipmenttositewillbecarefullyevaluatedbyinvestigationsandsupplementedbyenquiriesofcompetentsuppliers.Acres'estimatesofcostsforconstructionwillberefinedbytheinvolvementofexperiencedcontractorswhowillbeaskedtoprovideinput regardingconstructionlogisticsandschedule.(d)ScheduleWeeks20through1205-302LL A.5.l0-TASK9:CONSTRUCTIONCOSTESTIMATESANDSCHEDULES(i)TaskObjectivesTodevelopcomprehensive,contractor-typeconstruction,costestimatesforeachmajorelementoftherecommendedSusitnaHydroelectricProject,detailedengineeringandconstructionschedulesandanassociatedanalysisofpotentialcontingencyconstraintsandimpacts.(ii)TaskOutputTheprimaryoutputsofTask9willbecostestimatesummaryreportsandconstructionschedulesappropriateforinclusioninTask10,FERCLicensingdocumentation.ThefinalversionsofthesedocumentswillbesubmittedforreviewandapprovalbyAlaskaPowerAuthorityonoraboutWeek126oftheStudy.Thesedocumentswillbesuitableforcontinuousupdatingand/ormodificationsduringthesubsequentstudyperiodthroughcommencementofconstructionandforuseinpreparationofengineers'estimatesduringtheconstructionandequipmentsupplycontractbiddingphasesoftheproject.PreliminarycostestimatesandscheduleswillbethesubjectofdesigntransmittalsissuedonoraboutWeek60oftheStudyforinclusionintheDevelopmentSelectionReportunderTask6.(iii)ListofSubtasksSubtask9.01-AssembleCostandScheduleDataSubtask9.02-PreparePreliminaryCostEstimatesSubtask9.03-PrepareCostEstimateUpdateSubtask9.04-DevelopEngineering/ConstructionScheduleSubtask9.05-PerformContingencyAnalysis(iv)SubtaskScopeStatementsTheprimarypurposeofTask9istoprovidethebasisformoredetailedplanning,marketingandfinancingoftheSusitnaProjectduringtheperiodfollowingsubmissionoftheFERCLicenseApplica-tionthroughcommencementofconstruction.ThedevelopmentoftheseestimatesandschedulespriortolicenseapplicationandtherelationshipsbetweenTask9andothertaskactivitiesareillus-tratedintheMasterSchedules,PlatesA7.landA7.2.Thisportionofthestudywillbedividedintotwoparts.TheinitialpartofTask9activitieswillbeusedtoestablishtheinformationsystemsandbasicmechanismsnecessarytodevelopthecostestimatesandschedulesforselectionoftheoptimumSusitnadevelopment.ThesecondpartofTask9activitieswillbedevotedtotheincorpora-tionofmoreup-to-dateinformationandappropriaterevisionsoftheestimatesandschedulespriortosubmissionoftheFERCLicenseApplication.Forongoingcostestimatingandschedulingpurposes,acontinuousexchangeofinformationwillbenecessarywithTask2 -Surveys,Task5 -GeotechnicalExploration,Task6 -DesignDevelop-ment,Task7 -EnvironmentalStudiesandTask8 -Transmissionactivities.5-303A.5.l0-TASK9:CONSTRUCTIONCOSTESTIMATESANDSCHEDULES(i)TaskObjectivesTodevelopcomprehensive,contractor-typeconstruction,costestimatesforeachmajorelementoftherecommendedSusitnaHydroelectricProject,detailedengineeringandconstructionschedulesandanassociatedanalysisofpotentialcontingencyconstraintsandimpacts.(ii)TaskOutputTheprimaryoutputsofTask9willbecostestimatesummaryreportsandconstructionschedulesappropriateforinclusioninTask10,FERCLicensingdocumentation.ThefinalversionsofthesedocumentswillbesubmittedforreviewandapprovalbyAlaskaPowerAuthorityonoraboutWeek126oftheStudy.Thesedocumentswillbesuitableforcontinuousupdatingand/ormodificationsduringthesubsequentstudyperiodthroughcommencementofconstructionandforuseinpreparationofengineers'estimatesduringtheconstructionandequipmentsupplycontractbiddingphasesoftheproject.PreliminarycostestimatesandscheduleswillbethesubjectofdesigntransmittalsissuedonoraboutWeek60oftheStudyforinclusionintheDevelopmentSelectionReportunderTask6.(iii)ListofSubtasksSubtask9.01-AssembleCostandScheduleDataSubtask9.02-PreparePreliminaryCostEstimatesSubtask9.03-PrepareCostEstimateUpdateSubtask9.04-DevelopEngineering/ConstructionScheduleSubtask9.05-PerformContingencyAnalysis(iv)SubtaskScopeStatementsTheprimarypurposeofTask9istoprovidethebasisformoredetailedplanning,marketingandfinancingoftheSusitnaProjectduringtheperiodfollowingsubmissionoftheFERCLicenseApplica-tionthroughcommencementofconstruction.ThedevelopmentoftheseestimatesandschedulespriortolicenseapplicationandtherelationshipsbetweenTask9andothertaskactivitiesareillus-tratedintheMasterSchedules,PlatesA7.landA7.2.Thisportionofthestudywillbedividedintotwoparts.TheinitialpartofTask9activitieswillbeusedtoestablishtheinformationsystemsandbasicmechanismsnecessarytodevelopthecostestimatesandschedulesforselectionoftheoptimumSusitnadevelopment.ThesecondpartofTask9activitieswillbedevotedtotheincorpora-tionofmoreup-to-dateinformationandappropriaterevisionsoftheestimatesandschedulespriortosubmissionoftheFERCLicenseApplication.Forongoingcostestimatingandschedulingpurposes,acontinuousexchangeofinformationwillbenecessarywithTask2-Surveys,Task5-GeotechnicalExploration,Task6-DesignDevelop-ment,Task7-EnvironmentalStudiesandTask8-Transmissionactivities.5-303 ForpurposesofthecurrentPlanofStudy,developmentofTask9activitieshasbeenbasedontheassumptionthattheoptimumSusitnadevelopmentwi11comprisedamsatWatanaandDevilCanyonandassociatedstructures.ThisdevelopmentisessentiallythesameasthatrecommendedbytheCorpsofEngineersinits1979SupplementalFeasibilityReport.5-304ForpurposesofthecurrentPlanofStudy,developmentofTask9activitieshasbeenbasedontheassumptionthattheoptimumSusitnadevelopmentwi11comprisedamsatWatanaandDevilCanyonandassociatedstructures.ThisdevelopmentisessentiallythesameasthatrecommendedbytheCorpsofEngineersinits1979SupplementalFeasibilityReport.5-304 Subtask9.01-AssembleCostandScheduleData(a)ObjectiveToassembleAlaska-basedandnationalcostandscheduledataappropriatetoconstructionoflargehydroelectricprojects.(b)ApproachInputtotheactivitiesofSubtask9.02willcommencewiththefollowingpreliminaries:-Identifyrequiredprojectlabor,material,andequipment(construc-tionandpermanent)categories-AssemblecostandschedulingdataincludingAlaskanandnationallabor,materialsandequipment(constructionandpermanent),taxes,insurance,financecharges,otherindirect costs,anddeliveryitems-IdentifyandassemblefacilityoperatingcostsOnthebasisofparallelTask6designdevelopmentstudies,appropri-ateconstructionactivitieswillbeidentifiedtogetherwithconstruc-tionmethodplansanddiagramsfortemporarysiteinstallations.(c)DiscussionEarlystudiesrelatedtoalternativesanddevelopmentofanoptimumSusitnadevelopmentwereundertakenonthebasisofconceptualengineering-typecostestimates.TheseestimateswillessentiallybedevelopedfrompreviouslypublishedreportsandavailabledatafromtheCorpsofEngineersorothersources.EstablishmentofreliablecostsandschedulesfortherecommendedSusitnaDevelopmentwilluseamuchmorebasicapproach.Acomputerizeddatabasewi11beestab1ishedwhichwi11bemadeavai-1-ableforuseandfurtherdevelopmentduringallsubsequentcostestimatingandschedulingactivities.(d)ScheduleWeeks70through755-305Subtask9.01-AssembleCostandScheduleData(a)ObjectiveToassembleAlaska-basedandnationalcostandscheduledataappropriatetoconstructionoflargehydroelectricprojects.(b)ApproachInputtotheactivitiesofSubtask9.02willcommencewiththefollowingpreliminaries:-Identifyrequiredprojectlabor,material,andequipment(construc-tionandpermanent)categories-AssemblecostandschedulingdataincludingAlaskanandnationallabor,materialsandequipment(constructionandpermanent),taxes,insurance,financecharges,otherindirect costs,anddeliveryitems-IdentifyandassemblefacilityoperatingcostsOnthebasisofparallelTask6designdevelopmentstudies,appropri-ateconstructionactivitieswillbeidentifiedtogetherwithconstruc-tionmethodplansanddiagramsfortemporarysiteinstallations.(c)DiscussionEarlystudiesrelatedtoalternativesanddevelopmentofanoptimumSusitnadevelopmentwereundertakenonthebasisofconceptualengineering-typecostestimates.TheseestimateswillessentiallybedevelopedfrompreviouslypublishedreportsandavailabledatafromtheCorpsofEngineersorothersources.EstablishmentofreliablecostsandschedulesfortherecommendedSusitnaDevelopmentwilluseamuchmorebasicapproach.Acomputerizeddatabasewillbeestablishedwhichwillbemadeavail-ableforuseandfurtherdevelopmentduringallsubsequentcostestimatingandschedulingactivities.(d)ScheduleWeeks70through755-305 Subtask9.02-PreparePreliminaryCostEstimates(a)ObjectiveTopreparepreliminary,construction-typecostestimatesfortheSusitnaHydroelectricProject.(b)ApproachPreliminarycostestimateswillbepreparedfor-Siteaccessarrangements,-Permanentcampfacilities,-WatanaDamandassociatedworks,-DevilCanyonDamandassociatedworks,-Transmissionfacilities,-Reservoirsandrelatedfacilities.TheseestimateswillbebasedonreviewsofpreviouslypublishedreportsoftheSusitnadevelopment,appropriatelymodifiedandupdatedinthelightofsuchreviews.Listsofconstructionpayitemsandquantityestimateswillbepreparedforappropriateconstructionactivities.Unitand/orlumpsumpriceswillbedevelopedandassembledforappropriatepayitems,includingalldirectandindirectcosts,andtotalfacilityinvestmentandoperatingcostestimates.(c)DiscussionTheresultsofthisactivitywillprovidetheinputforongoingTask6 -DesignDevelopmentactivities.Althoughthesedatamaybesubjecttomodificationduringlaterstagesofthestudywhenfurtherdrillingandtestinginformationbecomesavailable,thegroundworklaidatthistimewillformthebasisofallfurthercostingactivitiestobeperformed.(d)ScheduleWeeks73through785-306f"ISubtask9.02-PreparePreliminaryCostEstimates(a)ObjectiveTopreparepreliminary,construction-typecostestimatesfortheSusitnaHydroelectricProject.(b)ApproachPreliminarycostestimateswillbepreparedfor-Siteaccessarrangements,-Permanentcampfacilities,-WatanaDamandassociatedworks,-DevilCanyonDamandassociatedworks,-Transmissionfacilities,-Reservoirsandrelatedfacilities.TheseestimateswillbebasedonreviewsofpreviouslypublishedreportsoftheSusitnadevelopment,appropriatelymodifiedandupdatedinthelightofsuchreviews.Listsofconstructionpayitemsandquantityestimateswillbepreparedforappropriateconstructionactivities.Unitand/orlumpsumpriceswillbedevelopedandassembledforappropriatepayitems,includingalldirectandindirectcosts,andtotalfacilityinvestmentandoperatingcostestimates.(c)DiscussionTheresultsofthisactivitywillprovidetheinputforongoingTask6-DesignDevelopmentactivities.Althoughthesedatamaybesubjecttomodificationduringlaterstagesofthestudywhenfurtherdrillingandtestinginformationbecomesavailable,thegroundworklaidatthistimewillformthebasisofallfurthercostingactivitiestobeperformed.(d)ScheduleWeeks73through785-306 Subtask9.03-PrepareCostEstimateUpdate(a)ObjectivePrepare updated,comprehensive,construction-type,costestimatesfortheSusitnaProjectforinclusioninFERCLicenseApplication.(b)ApproachTopreliminarycostestimatespreparedunderSubtask9.02willbeupdatedandmodifiedforincorporationintheFERCLicenseApplicationdocuments.Constructionmethods,schedulingandcoststudiesalreadyperformedunderTask6studieswillbefurtherdevelopedandexpandedunderthissubtask.Theaccuracyofconstructioncostswillbeimprovedbyapplicationofupdatedinformation,includingthefollowing:(1)Sitecostsforlabor,materials,equipmentandfuel(2)Installationprocedurestobeadoptedforeachprojectcomponent;constructionmethodologyforthedams,spillwaysandpowerplants(3)Detailedconstructionscheduleandresourceallocationforeachprojectcomponentandthetotalproject(4)Sitedevelopmentrequirementsforpower,access,transport,constructionmaterials,water,andsupportfacilities(5)Technicalandeconomicanalysisforconcretemanufacture,borrowedfill,quarriesanddisposalofexcavatedmaterials(6)Constructionmanpowerschedules(7)Mechanicalandelectricalequipmentpricevariationduetoescalationandmarketpressures(8)Shortandlong-terminterestratesandcostescalationassess-ments(9)Detailedlistofpayitemsandquantitytake-offs(10)Detailedconstructioncostestimates,includingunitprices,directs,indirects,contingencies,interestduringconstructionandadministration,cashflowdiagramProjectengineeringdesignsandpreliminaryequipmentspecificationspreparedunderongoingTask6activitieswillserveasthebaselineforeachcostestimate.Astandardestimatingformatwillbeadoptedandsoundaccountingpracticeswillbefollowedtoseparatedirectcosts,indirectcostsandcapitalexpenses.Alicostswillbetabula-tedintonaturaldivisionsthatlendthemselvestotheapplicationoftheFERCcodeofaccountsforhydropowerprojects.5-307Subtask9.03-PrepareCostEstimateUpdate(a)ObjectivePrepare updated,comprehensive,construction-type,costestimatesfortheSusitnaProjectforinclusioninFERCLicenseApplication.(b)ApproachTopreliminarycostestimatespreparedunderSubtask9.02willbeupdatedandmodifiedforincorporationintheFERCLicenseApplicationdocuments.Constructionmethods,schedulingandcoststudiesalreadyperformedunderTask6studieswillbefurtherdevelopedandexpandedunderthissubtask.Theaccuracyofconstructioncostswillbeimprovedbyapplicationofupdatedinformation,includingthefollowing:(1)Sitecostsforlabor,materials,equipmentandfuel(2)Installationprocedurestobeadoptedforeachprojectcomponent;constructionmethodologyforthedams,spillwaysandpowerplants(3)Detailedconstructionscheduleandresourceallocationforeachprojectcomponentandthetotalproject(4)Sitedevelopmentrequirementsforpower,access,transport,constructionmaterials,water,andsupportfacilities(5)Technicalandeconomicanalysisforconcretemanufacture,borrowedfill,quarriesanddisposalofexcavatedmaterials(6)Constructionmanpowerschedules(7)Mechanicalandelectricalequipmentpricevariationduetoescalationandmarketpressures(8)Shortandlong-terminterestratesandcostescalationassess-ments(9)Detailedlistofpayitemsandquantitytake-offs(10)Detailedconstructioncostestimates,includingunitprices,directs,indirects,contingencies,interestduringconstructionandadministration,cashflowdiagramProjectengineeringdesignsandpreliminaryequipmentspecificationspreparedunderongoingTask6activitieswillserveasthebaselineforeachcostestimate.Astandardestimatingformatwillbeadoptedandsoundaccountingpracticeswillbefollowedtoseparatedirectcosts,indirectcostsandcapitalexpenses.Allcostswillbetabula-tedintonaturaldivisionsthatlendthemselvestotheapplicationoftheFERCcodeofaccountsforhydropowerprojects.5-307 Detailedquantitytake-offswillbepreparedfromtheprojectengineeringdrawingstosupportpermanentmaterialcostestimates.Consumablematerialswillbeestimatedusingknownrules-of-thumbandacceptedunitrates.Updatedlaborestimateswillbepreparedinconjunctionwiththeschedulingeffort.Typicalprojectlaboragreementswillserveasabasisfortheserevisedestimatingcosts.Ratesofproductivity,asdictatedbythescheduleandtemperedbytheA1askanclimateandworkforce,willbeestablishedforeachtypeofwork.MorerealisticplantandequipmentcostswillbeestimatedusingactualexperiencegainedfromsimilarworkperformedinAlaskanenvironments.Indirectcostswillbeestimatedbaseduponanumberoffactors,includingtotalconstructiontime,numbersofcraftlabor,lengthofshifts,volumeofsubcontractedwork,etc.Finally,acostescalationfactorwillbeappliedtoeachcostestimatetoaccountforincreasesinlaborandmaterialcoststhroughoutthelifeoftheproject.(c)DiscussionTheestimatedcostofconstructionwillbeakeyfactorinestablish-ingfeasibilityandlicensingaswellasfinancingoftheproject.EstimatingconstructioncostsinAlaskapresentssomeuniquefactorsandsituationsthatcanonlybedealtwiththroughpracticalexperi-enceatthefieldlevel.TheAcres/MoolinteamprovidesseniorindividualswithawealthofexperienceoflargehydroelectricdevelopmentsincoldclimateregionsandwithspecificAlaskanconstructionexperience.Inputandreviewofallcostestimatesbythesepersonnelwillensurethereliabilityoftheestimates.Someoftheuniqueproblemsthatmustbeaccountedforincludethefollowing:- Arelativelyinexperiencedlaborforce,-Unusualenvironmental/weatherconstraints,-Highlevelofgovernmentsurveillance/interaction,-Lowequipmentproductivityduringcoldweather,-Highfreightcostsformaterials/spareparts.(d)ScheduleWeeks110through1265-308....Detailedquantitytake-offswillbepreparedfromtheprojectengineeringdrawingstosupportpermanentmaterialcostestimates.Consumablematerialswillbeestimatedusingknownrules-of-thumbandacceptedunitrates.Updatedlaborestimateswillbepreparedinconjunctionwiththeschedulingeffort.Typicalprojectlaboragreementswillserveasabasisfortheserevisedestimatingcosts.Ratesofproductivity,asdictatedbythescheduleandtemperedbytheAlaskanclimateandworkforce,willbeestablishedforeachtypeofwork.MorerealisticplantandequipmentcostswillbeestimatedusingactualexperiencegainedfromsimilarworkperformedinAlaskanenvironments.Indirectcostswillbeestimatedbaseduponanumberoffactors,includingtotalconstructiontime,numbersofcraftlabor,lengthofshifts,volumeofsubcontractedwork,etc.Finally,acostescalationfactorwillbeappliedtoeachcostestimatetoaccountforincreasesinlaborandmaterialcoststhroughoutthelifeoftheproject.(c)DiscussionTheestimatedcostofconstructionwillbeakeyfactorinestablish-ingfeasibilityandlicensingaswellasfinancingoftheproject.EstimatingconstructioncostsinAlaskapresentssomeuniquefactorsandsituationsthatcanonlybedealtwiththroughpracticalexperi-enceatthefieldlevel.TheAcres/MoolinteamprovidesseniorindividualswithawealthofexperienceoflargehydroelectricdevelopmentsincoldclimateregionsandwithspecificAlaskanconstructionexperience.Inputandreviewofallcostestimatesbythesepersonnelwillensurethereliabilityoftheestimates.Someoftheuniqueproblemsthatmustbeaccountedforincludethefollowing:- Arelativelyinexperiencedlaborforce,-Unusualenvironmental/weatherconstraints,-Highlevelofgovernmentsurveillance/interaction,-Lowequipmentproductivityduringcoldweather,-Highfreightcostsformaterials/spareparts.(d)ScheduleWeeks110through1265-308 rL;;Subtask9.04-DevelopEngineering/ConstructionSchedule(a)ObjectiveTodevelopintegratedengineering,constructionandequipmentinstallationnetworklogicdiagramsandbarchartschedules,optimizeresourceallocations,andperformanalysestoidentifyprobablecriticalpathforconstructionoftheSusitnaHydroelectricProject.(b)ApproachTheengineering,constructionandequipmentinstallationnetworkwillbeestablishedandupdatedonthebasisofparallelTask6designdevelopmentstudies.Aconsolidatedconstructionschedulewillalsobepreparedtoidentifymajorconstructionactivitiesandtheirrequiredstartandfinishdatesinbarchartformat.Determinationofthecriticalpathwillbeaccomplishedbymeansofanappropriatecomputerizedmathematicalmodelwhichwillfacilitatelaterupdatingrequirements.Thecriticalpathanalysiswillshowduration,earlystartdate,latestartdate,earlyandlatefinishdates,floatandzerofloatcriticalpathforallmajoractivities.PreliminaryscheduleswillinitiallybepreparedasinputtotheTask6DevelopmentSelectionReportandsubsequentlydevelopedandmodifiedforinclusioninFERClicensingdocumentsunderTask10.AsdiscussedinSectionA6,itisproposedthatpriortocommencementofconstructionoftheSusitnaProjectaProgramPlanningGuidewillbeprepared.ThisguidewillidentifyforAlaskaPowerAuthoritymanagementthespecificplanningrequirementsfortheproject.Itwillalsoprovide,fortheeventualprojectmanagementgroup,thoseproductsessentialtotheplanningandmanagementofthedevelopment.(c)DiscussionThebasicgroundworkforthekeyelementsoftheProjectPlanningGuidewi11beperformedunderthissubtask.SeniorlevelpersonnelfromtheAcres/Moo1inteamwi11init iatethedevelopmentoft"especificelementsthatwillberequiredforplanningandmanagementoftheproject.Experiencegainedonother"giant"projectssuchastheChurchillFallsDevelopment,andthepreparationofsimilarplanningguides(MoolinhasrecentlycompletedtheProjectPlanningGuidefortheAlaskaGasline)willserveasabasisforthetask.Itisapparentintheindustrythatsponsorsofgiantprojectsarebeginningtorecognizetheimportanceoffirstdevelopingaprogramplanningguideforthemanagementoftheseprojects.Wefeelthistypeofplanningcanbestbedonebyarelativelysmallnumberofseniorlevel,highlyqualifiedindividuals.Thissmallgroupofpersonnel,selectedbecauseoftheirfirst-handexperienceinmanagingandplanningotherprojects,isinthebestpositiontounderstandandconveytheproblemsassociatedwithgiantprojects.5-309Subtask9.04-DevelopEngineering/ConstructionSchedule(a)ObjectiveTodevelopintegratedengineering,constructionandequipmentinstallationnetworklogicdiagramsandbarchartschedules,optimizeresourceallocations,andperformanalysestoidentifyprobablecriticalpathforconstructionoftheSusitnaHydroelectricProject.(b)ApproachTheengineering,constructionandequipmentinstallationnetworkwillbeestablishedandupdatedonthebasisofparallelTask6designdevelopmentstudies.Aconsolidatedconstructionschedulewillalsobepreparedtoidentifymajorconstructionactivitiesandtheirrequiredstartandfinishdatesinbarchartformat.Determinationofthecriticalpathwillbeaccomplishedbymeansofanappropriatecomputerizedmathematicalmodelwhichwillfacilitatelaterupdatingrequirements.Thecriticalpathanalysiswillshowduration,earlystartdate,latestartdate,earlyandlatefinishdates,floatandzerofloatcriticalpathforallmajoractivities.PreliminaryscheduleswillinitiallybepreparedasinputtotheTask6DevelopmentSelectionReportandsubsequentlydevelopedandmodifiedforinclusioninFERClicensingdocumentsunderTask10.AsdiscussedinSectionA6,itisproposedthatpriortocommencementofconstructionoftheSusitnaProjectaProgramPlanningGuidewillbeprepared.ThisguidewillidentifyforAlaskaPowerAuthoritymanagementthespecificplanningrequirementsfortheproject.Itwillalsoprovide,fortheeventualprojectmanagementgroup,thoseproductsessentialtotheplanningandmanagementofthedevelopment.(c)DiscussionThebasicgroundworkforthekeyelementsoftheProjectPlanningGuidewi11beperformedunderthissubtask.SeniorlevelpersonnelfromtheAcres/Moo1inteamwi11init iatethedevelopmentoft"especificelementsthatwillberequiredforplanningandmanagementoftheproject.Experiencegainedonother"giant"projectssuchastheChurchillFallsDevelopment,andthepreparationofsimilarplanningguides(MoolinhasrecentlycompletedtheProjectPlanningGuidefortheAlaskaGasline)willserveasabasisforthetask.Itisapparentintheindustrythatsponsorsofgiantprojectsarebeginningtorecognizetheimportanceoffirstdevelopingaprogramplanningguideforthemanagementoftheseprojects.Wefeelthistypeofplanningcanbestbedonebyarelativelysmallnumberofseniorlevel,highlyqualifiedindividuals.Thissmallgroupofpersonnel,selectedbecauseoftheirfirst-handexperienceinmanagingandplanningotherprojects,isinthebestpositiontounderstandandconveytheproblemsassociatedwithgiantprojects.5-309 Asthesizeoftheprojectincreases,especiallyinremoteareaswhereagreaterdependenceuponoutsidesupportisrequired,sodoesthenumberandcomplexityoftheinterfacesbetweenthevariouselementsoftheproject.Itwillbetheresponsibilityoftheplanningteamtodefinecompletelytheadditionallevelofinputrequiredfor success-fuladvancementoftheproject.(d)ScheduleWeeks73to1265-310Asthesizeoftheprojectincreases,especiallyinremoteareaswhereagreaterdependenceuponoutsidesupportisrequired,sodoesthenumberandcomplexityoftheinterfacesbetweenthevariouselementsoftheproject.Itwillbetheresponsibilityoftheplanningteamtodefinecompletelytheadditionallevelofinputrequiredfor success-fuladvancementoftheproject.(d)ScheduleWeeks73to1265-310 Subtask9.05-PerformContingencyAnalysis(a)ObjectiveToinvestigatepotentialcontingencies/risksandtoevaluatetheireffectsuponcostestimatesandschedules.(b)ApproachApreliminaryassessmentwillbemadeforeachaspectofthecostestimateandconstructionscheduletoexaminepotentialrisksinvolvedintermsofcostescalationand/orscheduleslippage.Sourcesofriskwillbeconsideredbothindividuallyandcollectively,andtheirpotentialimpactsdetermined.Fromtheresultsoftheriskanalysisoptions,fall-backpositionandcontingencyplanswillbedeveloped.TheresultsofthisstudywillprovideinputtoriskanalysistobeperformedunderTask11.(c)DiscussionThereareanumberofcontingenciesthatcantheproject,eachofwhichmustbeanalyzed.following:haveadverseeffectsuponTheyincludethe-TheselectedthinarchorotherdesignfortheDevilCanyonDammaynotstanduptofurtherseismictesting.Thismayrequireachangeindesign,thusrequiringnewcostandscheduleestimates.-Unforeseenfoundatinproblems(unstablebedrock,permafrost,etc.)discoveredduringthePOSand/orinitialconstructionphasesmayleadtoarequirementfordeeperexcavationorextensiveconfinedexcavationprocedures.-Unexpectedfloodingconditions,duetothesizeofthewatershedinvolved,canhaveasignificantimpactuponcosts.-Unusuallyrestrictiveenvironmentalconditionsimposedbygovern-mentalagenciescanhavesignificantimpacts.LargeprojectsinAlaskahaveahistoryofattractinganunusuallyhighinvolvementbytheagenciesthatcannotbeignored.-UnforeseeninclementweathermayreducethealreadyshortAlaskanconstructionseasonandforcescheduledeventsintounfavorableweatherconditions.Also,poorweathermayrequiretheuseofspecialheatedenclosurestoallowtheworktoprogress.-Unexpectedrivericingconditionsmayrequirechangesindesignand/orconstructionofunplannedstructurestocontendwithwintericeforcesandspringbreakupconditions.(d)ScheduleWeeks115through1265-311Subtask9.05-PerformContingencyAnalysis(a)ObjectiveToinvestigatepotentialcontingencies/risksandtoevaluatetheireffectsuponcostestimatesandschedules.(b)ApproachApreliminaryassessmentwillbemadeforeachaspectofthecostestimateandconstructionscheduletoexaminepotentialrisksinvolvedintermsofcostescalationand/orscheduleslippage.Sourcesofriskwillbeconsideredbothindividuallyandcollectively,andtheirpotentialimpactsdetermined.Fromtheresultsoftheriskanalysisoptions,fall-backpositionandcontingencyplanswillbedeveloped.TheresultsofthisstudywillprovideinputtoriskanalysistobeperformedunderTask11.(c)DiscussionThereareanumberofcontingenciesthatcantheproject,eachofwhichmustbeanalyzed.following:haveadverseeffectsuponTheyincludethe-TheselectedthinarchorotherdesignfortheDevilCanyonDammaynotstanduptofurtherseismictesting.Thismayrequireachangeindesign,thusrequiringnewcostandscheduleestimates.-Unforeseenfoundatinproblems(unstablebedrock,permafrost,etc.)discoveredduringthePOSand/orinitialconstructionphasesmayleadtoarequirementfordeeperexcavationorextensiveconfinedexcavationprocedures.-Unexpectedfloodingconditions,duetothesizeofthewatershedinvolved,canhaveasignificantimpactuponcosts.-Unusuallyrestrictiveenvironmentalconditionsimposedbygovern-mentalagenciescanhavesignificantimpacts.LargeprojectsinAlaskahaveahistoryofattractinganunusuallyhighinvolvementbytheagenciesthatcannotbeignored.-UnforeseeninclementweathermayreducethealreadyshortAlaskanconstructionseasonandforcescheduledeventsintounfavorableweatherconditions.Also,poorweathermayrequiretheuseofspecialheatedenclosurestoallowtheworktoprogress.-Unexpectedrivericingconditionsmayrequirechangesindesignand/orconstructionofunplannedstructurestocontendwithwintericeforcesandspringbreakupconditions.(d)ScheduleWeeks115through1265-311 ~"l!I;m;-s~"l!I;m;-s A.5.11-TASK10:LICENSING(i)TaskObjectivesToprovidefortimelypreparationandassemblyofalldocumentationnecessaryforapplicationforlicensetotheFederalEnergyRegulatoryCommission(FERC).(ii)TaskOutputTheoutputfromthistaskwillbeacompletedapplicationforlicensingtheSusitnaHydroelectricProject.Thiscompletedpackage,includingexhibitsAthroughW(lessPandQ,whicharenotrequiredforlicensingamajorhydroelectricproject)willbepreparedforfinalreviewbyexternalreviewpanelsandbyAPAonorbeforetheendofthe128thweekofthestudyperiod,withearlierpreliminarydesigntransmittalshavingbeenassembledandreviewedin-houseandbyAPAuponsubstantialcompletionofsignificantindividualexhibits.(iii)ListofSubtasksSubtask10.01-ImpactofNewFERCRegulationsSubtask10.02-EstablishRegulatoryRequirementsSubtask10.03-DataAcquisitionfromOthersSubtaskID.04-CoordinateExhibitPreparationwithinMajorTaskCategoriesSubtask10.05-PrepareExhibitsDandESubtask10.06-PrepareExhibitRSubtask10.07-PrepareExhibitTSubtask10.08-PrepareApplicationFormSubtask10.09-DocumentationReviewandDeficiencyCorrectionSubtask10.10-ExternalReview,ClientExecution,andFiling(iv)SubtaskScopeStatementsAssumingthattechnicalandeconomicfeasibilityarefoundandthatenvironmentalimpactsandproposedmitigatoryactionsareacceptable,themajortargettO~lardwhichallotherworkisaimedisthesuccessfulcompletionofalicenseapplicationtoFERC.Indeed,thisentirePlanofStudyhasbeenpreparedinsucnamannerthatonlythosetasksandsubtasksconsideredtobetheminimumnecessaryforacceptancebyFERCofthelicenseapplicationareincludedinthefirst30months.Tobesure,asignificantamountoffollow-on5-313A.5.11-TASK10:LICENSING(i)TaskObjectivesToprovidefortimelypreparationandassemblyofalldocumentationnecessaryforapplicationforlicensetotheFederalEnergyRegulatoryCommission(FERC).(ii)TaskOutputTheoutputfromthistaskwillbeacompletedapplicationforlicensingtheSusitnaHydroelectricProject.Thiscompletedpackage,includingexhibitsAthroughW(lessPandQ,whicharenotrequiredforlicensingamajorhydroelectricproject)willbepreparedforfinalreviewbyexternalreviewpanelsandbyAPAonorbeforetheendofthe128thweekofthestudyperiod,withearlierpreliminarydesigntransmittalshavingbeenassembledandreviewedin-houseandbyAPAuponsubstantialcompletionofsignificantindividualexhibits.(iii)ListofSubtasksSubtask10.01-ImpactofNewFERCRegulationsSubtask10.02-EstablishRegulatoryRequirementsSubtask10.03-DataAcquisitionfromOthersSubtaskID.04-CoordinateExhibitPreparationwithinMajorTaskCategoriesSubtask10.05-PrepareExhibitsDandESubtask10.06-PrepareExhibitRSubtask10.07-PrepareEXhibitTSubtask10.08-PrepareApplicationFormSubtask10.09-DocumentationReviewandDeficiencyCorrectionSubtask10.10-ExternalReview,ClientExecution,andFiling(iv)SubtaskScopeStatementsAssumingthattechnicalandeconomicfeasibilityarefoundandthatenvironmentalimpactsandproposedmitigatoryactionsareacceptable,themajortargettO~lardwhichallotherworkisaimedisthesuccessfulcompletionofalicenseapplicationtoFERC.Indeed,thisentirePlanofStudyhasbeenpreparedinsucnamannerthatonlythosetasksandsubtasksconsideredtobetheminimumnecessaryforacceptancebyFERCofthelicenseapplicationareincludedinthefirst30months.Tobesure,asignificantamountoffollow-on5-313 workmustnecessarilybeaccomplishedpriortoeventualconstruc-tion,butthehistoricallylengthyperiodsassociatedwithfederalprocessingofapplicationsclearlysuggestthattheearliestpossiblesubmissionisinthebestinterestofthePowerAuthority.Thislatterobservationwasconfirmed,duringpreparationofthisPlanofStudy,byMr.RonCorso,FERC,whosecommentsonthematteraresummarizedinAnnexAtoTask10.Mr.Corsoassuresusthatitisentirelyappropriate--evenadvisable--tofileanapplicationwhichmeetsminimumrequirementsforsubmissionwhileatthesametimedetailingplansforinitiationorcontinuationofstudieswhoseresultsmayberequiredbeforethelicenseitselfisactuallyawarded.ItwillbenotedinAnnexAthatnewregulationswillprobablychangetheletterdesignationofvariousexhibitsandwillcombinemanyintosinglepackages.Forpurposesofclarityinsucceedingsubtasks,wehavechosentorefertotheproductionofexhibitsintermsofthecurrentofficialtitles.Thereisacomplicationassociatedwiththepreparationofthistaskpackage.ThecurrentapplicableFERCregulationsarenowunderrevision,andthereislittledoubtthattheywillbeinforcepriortothattimewehaveproposedforfiling.Themostlikelyformofthenewrules,wearegiventounderstand,willbeessentiallythesameasisnowrequired,buttherewillbesomeeffortmadetostreamlineandexpediteprocessingaswellastosimplifyprocedures.AsidefromSubtask10.01,allremainingsubtaskshavebeenpreparedtoconformtotheregulationsastheynowstand.Subtask10.01itselfprovidesforreview,assessment,andifnecessary,adjustmentsassociatedwithnewregulationsastheybecomeeffective.Subtask10.02establishesacompletelisting,togetherwithactionsandresponsibleprojectpersonnelforcompliancewithallregulatoryrequirements,including,ifappropriate,anynewregulationswhichbecomeeffectiveduringthecourseofthestudy.Thebasicapp1icationmustbemadeinaccordancewithaprescribedformatandmustbeaccompaniedbyaseriesofexhibits,eachofwhichmustmeetcertaincriteriaasdetailedintheregulations.TableA5.8,Task10,summarizesexhibitcontentandshowsthosepointsatwhichtheoutputfromotherTaskscontributestopreparationoforactuallyfurnishesindividualexhibits.ThelastcolumnofthattablesummarizescertainworktobeaccomplishedinTask10.Notethattheexhibitsmaybegenerallybrokendownintothefollowingcategories:(1)ThoseexhibitswhichmustbeacquiredfromsourcesexternaltotheAcresteam,suchasStatelaws.Subtask10.03providesfordataacquisitionfromothers.(2)Thoseexhibitswhichwillbeoutputsfromothertasks,preparedbyvariousmemberswithintheAcresteam.Subtask10.04accountsformonitoringandcoordinatingthistypeofexhibit.(3)Thoseexhibitsandtheapplicationformitselfwhichmustbepreparedbasedupondataproducedinothertas.ksordevelopedfromothersources.Subtasks10.05through10.08covernecessaryactivities.5-314workmustnecessarilybeaccomplishedpriortoeventualconstruc-tion,butthehistoricallylengthyperiodsassociatedwithfederalprocessingofapplicationsclearlysuggestthattheearliestpossiblesubmissionisinthebestinterestofthePowerAuthority.Thislatterobservationwasconfirmed,duringpreparationofthisPlanofStudy,byMr.RonCorso,FERC,whosecommentsonthematteraresummarizedinAnnexAtoTask10.Mr.Corsoassuresusthatitisentirelyappropriate--evenadvisable--tofileanapplicationwhichmeetsminimumrequirementsforsubmissionwhileatthesametimedetailingplansforinitiationorcontinuationofstudieswhoseresultsmayberequiredbeforethelicenseitselfisactuallyawarded.ItwillbenotedinAnnexAthatnewregulationswillprobablychangetheletterdesignationofvariousexhibitsandwillcombinemanyintosinglepackages.Forpurposesofclarityinsucceedingsubtasks,wehavechosentorefertotheproductionofexhibitsintermsofthecurrentofficialtitles.Thereisacomplicationassociatedwiththepreparationofthistaskpackage.ThecurrentapplicableFERCregulationsarenowunderrevision,andthereislittledoubtthattheywillbeinforcepriortothattimewehaveproposedforfiling.Themostlikelyformofthenewrules,wearegiventounderstand,willbeessentiallythesameasisnowrequired,buttherewillbesomeeffortmadetostreamlineandexpediteprocessingaswellastosimplifyprocedures.AsidefromSubtask10.01,allremainingsubtaskshavebeenpreparedtoconformtotheregulationsastheynowstand.Subtask10.01itselfprovidesforreview,assessment,andifnecessary,adjustmentsassociatedwithnewregulationsastheybecomeeffective.Subtask10.02establishesacompletelisting,togetherwithactionsandresponsib1eprojectpersonnelforcompliancewithallregulatoryrequirements,including,ifappropriate,anynewregulationswhichbecomeeffectiveduringthecourseofthestudy.Thebasicapp1icationmustbemadeinaccordancewithaprescribedformatandmustbeaccompaniedbyaseriesofexhibits,eachofwhichmustmeetcertaincriteriaasdetailedintheregulations.TableA5.8,Task10,summarizesexhibitcontentandshowsthosepointsatwhichtheoutputfromotherTaskscontributestopreparationoforactuallyfurnishesindividualexhibits.ThelastcolumnofthattablesummarizescertainworktobeaccomplishedinTask10.Notethattheexhibitsmaybegenerallybrokendownintothefollowingcategories:(1)ThoseexhibitswhichmustbeacquiredfromsourcesexternaltotheAcresteam,suchasStatelaws.Subtask10.03providesfordataacquisitionfromothers.(2)Thoseexhibitswhichwillbeoutputsfromothertasks,preparedbyvariousmemberswithintheAcresteam.Subtask10.04accountsformonitoringandcoordinatingthistypeofexhibit.(3)Thoseexhibitsandtheapplicationformitselfwhichmustbepreparedbasedupondataproducedinothertas·ksordevelopedfromothersources.Subtasks10.05through10.08covernecessaryactivities.5-314 (4)Reviewofdocumentation.Subtasks10.09and10.10accountfortheoftenarduousandfrequentlytime-consumingprocessofessentialreview,bothin-houseandbyexternalpanels,aswellasfinalexecutionandfiling.5-315(4)Reviewofdocumentation.Subtasks10.09and10.10accountfortheoftenarduousandfrequentlytime-consumingprocessofessentialreview,bothin-houseandbyexternalpanels,aswellasfinalexecutionandfiling.5-315 TABLEA5.8FERCLICENSEAPPLICATIONEXHIBITxhibitA. BCoenIWI--'0)DescriptionCharterorcertificateandarticleofincorporationofapplicant.Certifiedcopyofresolutionsofstockholdersand/ordirectorsauthorizingapplication.CopiesofStatelawspertainingtoconstructionoftheproject.Evidenceofapplicant'scom-pliance\vithrequirementsofStatelawspertainingtouseoflandsandwaterfortheproject.PrimaryContributionsFromTaskNumbers1313132,11,12,13CompleteProduct.ProducedUnderTask10101010RequiredAdditionalEffortUnderTask10Acquirecopiesofstatelawsunderwhichtheapplicationismade.SecuredatafromAPAregardingminutes,resolutionsoftheauthorizingapplication.Acquirecopiesofspecialhydro-electric,waterpower,orirrigationlawsoftheStateofAlaska.Preparestatementofstepsthathavebeentakenandthiltremaintobetaken.EFGHOwnership,extentandnatureofwaterrightsapplicantwilluseandevi-denceofapplicant'splansforperfectingitsrightstousethewaterforoperationoftheworks.Statementoflandownershipaffectedbyprojectincludingpurchaseandconstructioneasement.Evidenceoffinancialcapacityofapplicanttoundertakeforpreliminaryworkandproject.Statementofproposedoperationofprojectworksduringlow,normalancfloodflows.2,3,6,12,133,6,·7,12102116AcquirecertificatefromAlaskaDepartmentofNaturalResourcesregardingwaterrights.Reviewstatementfordeficien-cies,monitorpreparation.Monitorpreparationofstatementorexplanationshowingproposedmethodoffinancing.Preparenecessarystatementbasedonvarioustaskoutputs.TABLEA5.8FERCLICENSEAPPLICATIONEXHIBITxhibitA.BCoenIWI--'0)DescriptionCharterorcertificateandarticleofincorporationofapplicant.Certifiedcopyofresolutionsofstockholdersand/ordirectorsauthorizingapplication.CopiesofStatelawspertainingtoconstructionoftheproject.Evidenceofapplicant'scom-pliance\vithrequirementsofStatelawspertainingtouseoflandsandwaterfortheproject.PrimaryContributionsFromTaskNumbers1313132,11,12,13CompleteProduct.ProducedUnderTask10101010RequiredAdditionalEffortUnderTask10Acquirecopiesofstatelawsunderwhichtheapplicationismade.SecuredatafromAPAregardingminutes.resolutionsoftheauthorizingapplication.Acquirecopiesofspecialhydro-electric,waterpower,orirrigationlawsoftheStateofAlaska.Preparestatementofstepsthathavebeentakenandthiltremaintobetaken.EFGHOwnership,extentandnatureofwaterrightsapplicantwilluseandevi-denceofapplicant'splansforperfectingitsrightstousethewaterforoperationoftheworks.Statementoflandownershipaffectedbyprojectincludingpurchaseandconstructionftasement.Evidenceoffinancialcapacityofapplicanttoundertakeforpreliminaryworkandproject.Statementofproposedoperationofprojectworksduringlow.normalancfloodflows.2,3,6,12,133,6,·7.12102116AcquirecertificatefromAlaskaDepartmentofNaturalResourcesregardingwaterrights.Reviewstatementfordeficien-cies,monitorpreparation.Monitorpreparationofstatementorexplanationshowingproposedmethodoffinancing.Preparenecessarystatementbasedonvarioustaskoutputs. TABLEA5.S(Cont'd)FERCLICENSEAPPLICATIONEXHIBITPri~aryContribu~ionsxhibitsDescriptionFro~TasK~umbersIEstimateofdependablecapacity3,6andaverageannualenergyoutputoftheproposedproject., JGeneralmapshowingproject2,6,8boundaries,featuresandgenerallocation.CompleteProductProducedUnderTasK66RequiredAdditionalEffortUnderTask10Reviewfor,adequacy,~onitorprepara'1;ion.Reviewforadequacy,~onitorpreparation.KLr..nIWf->'-J~1NDetailedmapofprojectareaclearlyshowingprojectboundaries,surveydata,landownershipandlocationofprojectfeatures.Generaldesigndrawingsofallprincipalstructuresandappur-tenantfeaturesandotherworksoftheproject.Generaldescriptionsofmechani-cal,electricalandtransmissionequipmentandappurtenances.Detailedestimateofcostofdevelopingtheproject.2,6,82,3,4,5,·6,86,81,2,6,8,9,11666,89Reviewforadequacy,monitorpreparation.Reviewforadequacy,monitorprepar(!tion.Reviewforadequacy,monitorpreparation,Reviewforadequacy,monitorpreparation.oDetailedengineeringandconstructionschedules.P&QNotrequired.9NoneReviewforadequacy,monitorpreparation.NoneRProposedplanforfullpublicutilizationofprojectwatersandadjacentlandsforrecrea-tionalpurposes.2,6,7"12,1310PrepareplaninconsultationwithState,nativeOWGers,localcommunities,othc,'sTABLEA5.8(Cont'd)FERCLICENSEAPPLICATIONEXHIBITPri~aryContribu~ionsxhibitsDescriptionFro~TasK~umbersIEstimateofdependablecapacity3,6andaverageannualenergyoutputoftheproposedproject., JGeneralmapshowingproject2,6,8boundaries,featuresandgenerallocation.CompieteProductProducedUnderTaSK66RequiredAdditionalEffortUnderTask10Reviewfor,adequacy,monitorpreparation.Reviewforadequacy,~onitorpreparation.KLr..n,Wf->'-JNDetailedmapofprojectareaclearlyshowingprojectboundaries,surveydata,landownershipandlocationofprojectfeatures.Generaldesigndrawingsofallprincipalstructuresandappur-tenantfeaturesandotherworkSoftheproject.Generaldescriptionsofmechani-cal,electricalandtransmissionequipmentandappurtenances.Detaiiedestimateofcostofdevelopingtheproject.2,6,82,3,4,5,·6,86,81,2,6,8,9,11666,89Reviewforadequacy,monitorpreparation.Reviewforadequacy,monitorprepar(!tion.Reviewforadequacy,monitorpreparation,Reviewforadequacy,monitorpreparation.oDetailedengineeringandconstructionschedules.P&QNotrequired.9NoneReviewforadequacy,monitorpreparation.NoneRProposedplanforfullpub';icutilizationofprojectwatersandadjacentlandsforrecrea-tionalpurposes.2,6,7"12,1310PrepareplaninconsJ~tationwithState,nativeO~Gers.localcommunities,oth,JS TABLEA5.S(Cont'd)FERCLICENSEAPPLICATIONEXHIBITExhibitsDescriptionPri;"aryContributionsFro!'TaskNumbersCompleteProductProduceaGnderTaskRequiredAdditionalEffortUnder7as~iOS·Tu(J1IW>-'00vwRe~ortontheeffectoftheprojectu~onthefishandwildliferesourcesofthe~rojectarea.Statementofreasonswhydeve-lopmentoftheprojectbyapplicantratherthanbytheFederalGovernmentwouldbeinthebestpublicinterest.Statementshowingthemannerinwhichthepowerandenergyproducedbytheprojectwillbeutilized.Map,text,photographsanddrawingstodescribethearchi-tecturalandlandscapingtreat-mentproposedfortheprojectworks.Environmentalreport.3,6, 7,121,11,12,131,8,112,61,7,126 -Drawings7 -Text101167'~""~'''>Reviewfishpassa;eandmiti-gationdrawingsunderTas~6foradequacy.Keviewre~ortfromTask8.·Preparestatement.Reviewstatementforadequacy,monitorpreparation.Reviewforadequacy, monitorpreparation.Reviewforadequacy,monitorpreparation.TABLEA5,S(Cont'd)FERCLICENSEAPPLICATIONEXHIBIT~xhibitsDescriptionPri;"aryContributionsFromTaskNumbersCompieteProductProduceaGnderTaskRequiredAdditionaleffortUnder7as~iOS·Tu(J1IW>-'00vwRe~ortontheeffectoftheprojectu~onthefishandwildliferesourcesofthe~rojectarea,Statementofreasonswhydeve-lopmentoftheprojectbyapplicantratherthanbytheFederalGovernmentwouldbeinthebestpublicinterest,Statementshowingthemannerinwhichthepowerandenergyproducedbytheprojectwillbeutilized.Map,text,photographsanddrawingstodescribethearchi-tecturalandlandscapingtreat-mentproposedfortheprojectworks,Environmentalreport.3,6, 7,121,11,12,131,8,112,61,7,126 -Drawings7 -Text101167Reviewfishpassa;eandmiti-gationdrawingsunderTaSK6foradequacy.Keviewre~ortfromTask8,·Preparestatement.Reviewstatementforadequacy,monitorpreparation.Reviewforadequacy,monitorpreparation.Reviewforadequacy,monitorpreparation. Subtask10.01-ImpactofNewFERCRegulations(a)ObjectiveToreviewdraftandfinalversionsofnewFERCregulationstobeissuedinthenearfuture;preparerevisionstosubtaskworkstatementsasappropriate;andassesscostandscheduleimpactsforconsiderationbythePowerAuthority.(b)ApproachImmediatelyuponpublicationofproposednewregulations,acarefulreviewwillbeconductedtoidentifychangeswhichapparentlymustbeaddressed.Commentswillbeprepared,ifappropriate,toensurethatobviousambiguitiesareresolvedandtorecommendchanges,particularlyinsofarastheymightfavorablyandreasonablyfacilitatecompliance.AcomprehensivelistofactionswillbedrawnupandresponsibilitiesforimplementationwithintheAcresteamwillbeassignedtoappropriateprojectpersonnelbyname.Subtaskworkstatementswillberevisedasnecessary.Totheextentthatchanges--increasesordecreases--inestimatedcostsandschedulesappearnecessary,areportwillbemadetothePowerAuthority,alongwithrecommendationsashowbesttoproceed.(c)DiscussionAsamatterofpolicy,wecontinuouslymonitoractivitiesoftheFERC,sincethereismuchtobelearnedfromtheexperienceofAcresandothersinrecentpastandongoingapplicationprocessing.Anecessarypartofthismonitoringeffortis,ofcourse,associatedwithdevelopmentofregulatorychangesandofneworinnovativeinterpretationsanddecisionsonexistingones.Weknowwithcertaintythatnewproposedregulationsareimminent,havingalreadyreceivedsomeinitialadvicefromMr.RonaldCorso,DeputyChief,DivisionofLicensedProjects,FERC.Wehavebeenassuredthatnomajorsubstantivechangesformajorhydroelectricprojectsarelikely,andthereforewehavesomeconfidencethattheremainingsubtasksinthismajorTaskarevalid.Evenso,itisprudenttoprovideforcomprehensivereviewofanychange,sinceavariationofevenonetenthofonepercentonamultibilliondollarprojectcanproducemillionsofdollarsinnewrequirements.Thematterofpreparingactionlistsanddesignatingresponsibleindividualsisoneweregardasessentialtothemanagementofallphasesofthisproject.Itisfullyinkeepingwithourearlierannouncedintenttoaccomplishallthosethingswhicharenecessaryforsuccessfulfiling,andtoprovideforinitiationorcontinuancesubsequenttofiling,allthoseadditionalactivitiesrequiredforawardofalicense,andbeyondthat,foreventualprojectconstruction.(d)ScheduleTobefurnisheduponpublicationofproposeddraftregulations.5-319J4Subtask10.01-ImpactofNewFERCRegulations(alObjectiveToreviewdraftandfinalversionsofnewFERCregulationstobeissuedinthenearfuture;preparerevisionstosubtaskworkstatementsasappropriate;andassesscostandscheduleimpactsforconsiderationbythePowerAuthority.(b)ApproachImmediatelyuponpublicationofproposednewregulations,acarefulreviewwillbeconductedtoidentifychangeswhichapparentlymustbeaddressed.Commentswillbeprepared,ifappropriate,toensurethatobviousambiguitiesareresolvedandtorecommendchanges,particularlyinsofarastheymightfavorablyandreasonablyfacilitatecompliance.AcomprehensivelistofactionswillbedrawnupandresponsibilitiesforimplementationwithintheAcresteamwillbeassignedtoappropriateprojectpersonnelbyname.Subtaskworkstatementswillberevisedasnecessary.Totheextentthatchanges--increasesordecreases--inestimatedcostsandschedulesappearnecessary,areportwillbemadetothePowerAuthority,alongwithrecommendationsashowbesttoproceed.(c)DiscussionAsamatterofpolicy,wecontinuouslymonitoractivitiesoftheFERC,sincethereismuchtobelearnedfromtheexperienceofAcresandothersinrecentpastandongoingapplicationprocessing.Anecessarypartofthismonitoringeffortis,ofcourse,associatedwithdevelopmentofregulatorychangesandofneworinnovativeinterpretationsanddecisionsonexistingones.Weknowwithcertaintythatnewproposedregulationsareimminent,havingalreadyreceivedsomeinitialadvicefromMr.RonaldCorso,DeputyChief,DivisionofLicensedProjects,FERC.Wehavebeenassuredthatnomajorsubstantivechangesformajorhydroelectricprojectsarelikely,andthereforewehavesomeconfidencethattheremainingsubtasksinthismajorTaskarevalid.Evenso,itisprudenttoprovideforcomprehensivereviewofanychange,sinceavariationofevenonetenthofonepercentonamultibilliondollarprojectcanproducemillionsofdollarsinnewrequirements.Thematterofpreparingactionlistsanddesignatingresponsibleindividualsisoneweregardasessentialtothemanagementofallphasesofthisproject.Itisfullyinkeepingwithourearlierannouncedintenttoaccomplishallthosethingswhicharenecessaryforsuccessfulfiling,andtoprovideforinitiationorcontinuancesubsequenttofiling,allthoseadditionalactivitiesrequiredforawardofalicense,andbeyondthat,foreventualprojectconstruction.(d)ScheduleTobefurnisheduponpublicationofproposeddraftregulations.5-319 Subtask10.02-EstablishRegulatoryRequirements(a)ObjectiveToidentifyallregulatoryrequirementstobesatisfiedasaconditionforlicensingandprovideforcompliance.(b)ApproachAllstatutes,rules,regulations,andotherrequirementsdirectlyorindirectlyaffectingtheprocessofinvestigatingandsubsequentlyconstructingthepropo~~dprojectwillbereviewedandadesigntransmittalwillbepreparedsettingforththestepswhichwillberequiredforcompliance.SpecificactionresponsibilitieswillbeassignedtomembersoftheAcresteam.Someofthefederalstatuteshavingsignificantimpactontheproject--andthereforetobereviewedunderthissubtask--include:-FederalWaterPowerActof1920-NationalEnvironmentalPolicyAct(P.L.91-190)-FishandWildlifeCoordinationAct(P.L.85-624)-EndangeredSpeciesAct(P.L.930205)-HistoricalPreservationAct(P.L.89-665)-FederalWaterPollutionControlActAmendmentsof1972(P.L.92-500)-AnadromousFishAct-WildernessAct(P.L.88-577)-WildandScenicRiversAct(P.L.90-542)-CoastalZoneManagementAct(P.L.93-612)-FederalLandPolicyandManagementActof1976(P.L.94-579)-FuelUseActof1978-AlaskaNativeClaimsSettlementActof1971(85Stat.706)Rules,regulations,andproceduresforpermitsareimposedaswellunderthelawsoftheStateofAlaska.SomeoftheDepartmentsandAgencieshavingdirectresponsibilitiesorsignificantinterestswithintheStateinclude:-DepartmentofFishandGame-DepartmentofEconomicDevelopment-DepartmentofCommerce-DepartmentofNaturalResources5-320Subtask10.02-EstablishRegulatoryRequirements(a)ObjectiveToidentifyallregulatoryrequirementstobesatisfiedasaconditionforlicensingandprovideforcompliance.(b)ApproachAllstatutes,rules,regulations,andotherrequirementsdirectlyorindirectlyaffectingtheprocessofinvestigatingandsubsequentlyconstructingthepropo~~dprojectwillbereviewedandadesigntransmittalwillbepreparedsettingforththestepswhichwillberequiredforcompliance.SpecificactionresponsibilitieswillbeassignedtomembersoftheAcresteam.Someofthefederalstatuteshavingsignificantimpactontheproject--andthereforetobereviewedunderthissubtask--include:-FederalWaterPowerActof1920-NationalEnvironmentalPolicyAct(P.L.91-190)-FishandWildlifeCoordinationAct(P.L.85-624)-EndangeredSpeciesAct(P.L.930205)-HistoricalPreservationAct(P.L.89-665)-FederalWaterPollutionControlActAmendmentsof1972(P.L.92-500)-AnadromousFishAct-WildernessAct(P.L.88-577)-WildandScenicRiversAct(P.L.90-542)-CoastalZoneManagementAct(P.L.93-612)-FederalLandPolicyandManagementActof1976(P.L.94-579)-FuelUseActof1978-AlaskaNativeClaimsSettlementActof1971(85Stat.706)Rules,regulations,andproceduresforpermitsareimposedaswellunderthelawsoftheStateofAlaska.SomeoftheDepartmentsandAgencieshavingdirectresponsibilitiesorsignificantinterestswithintheStateinclude:-DepartmentofFishandGame-DepartmentofEconomicDevelopment-DepartmentofCommerce-DepartmentofNaturalResources5-320l -DepartmentofEnvironmentalConservation-DepartmentofCommunityandRegionalAffairs-DepartmentofLabor-AlaskaGrowthPolicyCouncil-AlaskaHistoricalCommission-CapitalSitePlanningCommission-LandUsePlanningCommissionofAlaska-DepartmentofPublicSafety-DepartmentofTransportationandPublicFacilitiesInaddition,requirementsimposedbymunicipalities,boroughsorNativeorganizations(whowilleventuallyacquiretitletolandinandaroundtheprojectarea)willbeidentifiedandanalyzed.Planswillbedrawnupforcompliance.AssistancewillberequestedfromtheAlaskaDepartmentofLawinidentifyingandinterpretingapplicableStateandlocalregulatoryrequirements.IntheeventthattheDepartmentofLawcannotassist,anAlaskanlawfirmwillbeengagedforconsultationonthesematters.*(c)DiscussionAsmaybenotedfromtheincompletelistingoffederallawsandstateandlocalinterestsabove,therewillbeacomplexwebofpermitsandprocedurestobesatisfied.Itisallthemoreimportant,then,todevotetimeandattentionearlyinthestudyefforttoensurecompliance.Indeed,someofthevariouspermittingproceduresprovideopportunitiesforpublicnoticeandcommentand,onoccasion,forpublicmeetingsorhearings.Timerequirementstendtobelengthyinsuchcases,andtheprocesscannotbeginuntilapplicationismade.Muchoftheeffortinvolvedincompletionofthissubtaskwillcontributetotheworkinvolvedinothersubtasks.Subtask10.05,forexample,providesforpreparationofExhibitD,whereinevidenceofcompliancewithStatelawsmustbeprovided.Itfollowsthatidentificationofappropriatelawsanddescriptionproceduresforcomplianceareimportantfirststepsaswellasconvenientchecklistsfortheprovisionofevidenceofcompliance.(d)ScheduleWeeks3through12andintermittentlythereafterthroughoutthestudyperiod.*LegalconsultationonapplicablefederallawswillbeprovidedbyMr.CharlesMcCarthy,Esq.,aDirectorofAcresandalong-timepractitionerandexpertbeforetheformerFederalPowerCommissionandtheCurrentFederalEnergyRegulatoryCommission.5-321-DepartmentofEnvironmentalConservation-DepartmentofCommunityandRegionalAffairs-DepartmentofLabor-AlaskaGrowthPolicyCouncil-AlaskaHistoricalCommission-CapitalSitePlanningCommission-LandUsePlanningCommissionofAlaska-DepartmentofPublicSafety-DepartmentofTransportationandPublicFacilitiesInaddition,requirementsimposedbymunicipalities,boroughsorNativeorganizations(whowilleventuallyacquiretitletolandinandaroundtheprojectarea)willbeidentifiedandanalyzed.Planswillbedrawnupforcompliance.AssistancewillberequestedfromtheAlaskaDepartmentofLawinidentifyingandinterpretingapplicableStateandlocalregulatoryrequirements.IntheeventthattheDepartmentofLawcannotassist,anAlaskanlawfirmwillbeengagedforconsultationonthesematters.*(c)DiscussionAsmaybenotedfromtheincompletelistingoffederallawsandstateandlocalinterestsabove,therewillbeacomplexwebofpermitsandprocedurestobesatisfied.Itisallthemoreimportant,then,todevotetimeandattentionearlyinthestudyefforttoensurecompliance.Indeed,someofthevariouspermittingproceduresprovideopportunitiesforpublicnoticeandcommentand,onoccasion,forpublicmeetingsorhearings.Timerequirementstendtobelengthyinsuchcases,andtheprocesscannotbeginuntilapplicationismade.Muchoftheeffortinvolvedincompletionofthissubtaskwillcontributetotheworkinvolvedinothersubtasks.Subtask10.05,forexample,providesforpreparationofExhibitD,whereinevidenceofcompliancewithStatelawsmustbeprovided.Itfollowsthatidentificationofappropriatelawsanddescriptionproceduresforcomplianceareimportantfirststepsaswellasconvenientchecklistsfortheprovisionofevidenceofcompliance.(d)ScheduleWeeks3through12andintermittentlythereafterthroughoutthestudyperiod.*LegalconsultationonapplicablefederallawswillbeprovidedbyMr.CharlesMcCarthy,Esq.,aDirectorofAcresandalong-timepractitionerandexpertbeforetheformerFederalPowerCommissionandtheCurrentFederalEnergyRegulatoryCommission.5-321 Subtask10.03-DataAcquisitionfromOthers(a)ObjectiveTocoordinatethepreparationandcollectionofdatatobeprovidedbyvariouspartiesexternaltotheAcresteamandtoassemblethoseexhibitsforwhichnootherinputisrequiredfromtheAcresteam.(b)ApproachExhibitsA,B,andCgenerallyrequirethatcertaincopiesandcertifi-cationsbeprovided.Ineachcase,thesedocumentsareavailablefrom,ormustbeproducedby,others.WewillrequestthenecessaryitemsandreviewthemforadequacyinsofarasFERCrequirementsarecon-cerned.Intheeventthatdeficienciesarenoted,furthereffortswillbeundertakentoassuretheyarecorrected.Oncethenecessarydocumentationisreceivedandfoundtobeadequate,completedexhibitswillbeassembledandmadeavailableforpreliminaryreview.Subse-quentreviewswilloccurundersubtasks10.10and10.11.Forpurposesoftaskanalysis,weassumethattheactuallicenseapplicantwillbetheStateofAlaska.Certainspecificitemsandsourcesarenotedbelow:(1)ForExhibitA,copiesofthelawsunderauthorityofwhichtheapplicationismade.(2)ForExhibitB,copiesofallminutes,resolutionsofdirectorsofthePowerAuthority,aswellasanypertinentlegislativeproceed-ingsandexecutivedecisionssubstantiatingauthoritytofilethelicenseapplication.(3)ForExhibitC,copiesofspecialhydroelectric,waterpower,orirrigationlawsoftheState.NotethatthisinformationwillalreadyhavebeenassembledunderSubtask10.02,sothattheonlyadditionalrequirementunderthisSubtaskistoreviewforcom-pletenessandassembleasanexhibit.(c)DiscussionAlthoughthelevelofeffortassociatedwiththisSubtaskisminimal,itisincludedtoensurethateveryitemrequiredunderFERCregulationsisaccountedfor.(d)ScheduleWeeks12through165-322Subtask10.03-DataAcquisitionfromOthers(a)ObjectiveTocoordinatethepreparationandcollectionofdatatobeprovidedbyvariouspartiesexternaltotheAcresteamandtoassemblethoseexhibitsforwhichnootherinputisrequiredfromtheAcresteam.(b)ApproachExhibitsA,B,andCgenerallyrequirethatcertaincopiesandcertifi-cationsbeprovided.Ineachcase,thesedocumentsareavailablefrom,ormustbeproducedby,others.WewillrequestthenecessaryitemsandreviewthemforadequacyinsofarasFERCrequirementsarecon-cerned.Intheeventthatdeficienciesarenoted,furthereffortswillbeundertakentoassuretheyarecorrected.Oncethenecessarydocumentationisreceivedandfoundtobeadequate,completedexhibitswillbeassembledandmadeavailableforpreliminaryreview.Subse-quentreviewswilloccurundersubtasks10.10and10.11.Forpurposesoftaskanalysis,weassumethattheactuallicenseapplicantwillbetheStateofAlaska.Certainspecificitemsandsourcesarenotedbelow:(1)ForExhibitA,copiesofthelawsunderauthorityofwhichtheapplicationismade.(2)ForExhibitB,copiesofallminutes,resolutionsofdirectorsofthePowerAuthority,aswellasanypertinentlegislativeproceed-ingsandexecutivedecisionssubstantiatingauthoritytofilethelicenseapplication.(3)ForExhibitC,copiesofspecialhydroelectric,waterpower,orirrigationlawsoftheState.NotethatthisinformationwillalreadyhavebeenassembledunderSubtask10.02,sothattheonlyadditionalrequirementunderthisSubtaskistoreviewforcom-pletenessandassembleasanexhibit.(c)DiscussionAlthoughthelevelofeffortassociatedwiththisSubtaskisminimal,itisincludedtoensurethateveryitemrequiredunderFERCregulationsisaccountedfor.(d)ScheduleWeeks12through165-322 Subtask10.04-CoordinateExhibitPreparationwithinMajorTaskCategories(a)ObjectiveToensurethatoutputsfromvarioustasksareconsistentwithFERCrequirementspertainingtoapplicableexhibits.(b)ApproachFERCregulationswillbereviewedindetailtoidentifyspecificproducts,alongwiththeirspecifications,tobedevelopedasoutputsfromothertaskswithinthisPlanofStudy.Criteriawil~bepreparedanddistributedtoappropriateresponsibleindividuals.Progresswillbemonitoredthroughoutthecourseoftheworkanddesigntransmittalswillbereviewedineachcasetoensureconsistencywithcurrent--andtotheextentthatchangesoccur,future--FERCregulations.CompleteexhibitpackageswillbepreparedforExhibitsFthrough0,SandUthroughW.AsnotedinTableA5.B,eachoftheseproductsisarequiredoutputfromanothertask.(c)DiscussionThissubtaskprovidesforpositivecontrolstoensurethattheworkproducedinothertaskswill,infact,beavailableforusewithoutfurthermodification(except,perhaps,forcertainintroductorymaterialsandtablesofcontents)asexhibitsintheapplicationpackage.Certainspecificcriteriafordimensions,degreeofdetail,drawingcontent,andthelikemustbeidentifiedatthestarttoavoidcostlyabortiveeffortsandredundantwork.(d)ScheduleThroughoutprojectperiod.5-323Subtask10.04-CoordinateExhibitPreparationwithinMajorTaskCategories(a)ObjectiveToensurethatoutputsfromvarioustasksareconsistentwithFERCrequirementspertainingtoapplicableexhibits.(b)ApproachFERCregulationswillbereviewedindetailtoidentifyspecificproducts,alongwiththeirspecifications,tobedevelopedasoutputsfromothertaskswithinthisPlanofStudy.Criteriawil~bepreparedanddistributedtoappropriateresponsibleindividuals.Progresswillbemonitoredthroughoutthecourseoftheworkanddesigntransmittalswillbereviewedineachcasetoensureconsistencywithcurrent--andtotheextentthatchangesoccur,future--FERCregulations.CompleteexhibitpackageswillbepreparedforExhibitsFthrough0,SandUthroughW.AsnotedinTableA5.B,eachoftheseproductsisarequiredoutputfromanothertask.(c)DiscussionThissubtaskprovidesforpositivecontrolstoensurethattheworkproducedinothertaskswill,infact,beavailableforusewithoutfurthermodification(except,perhaps,forcertainintroductorymaterialsandtablesofcontents)asexhibitsintheapplicationpackage.Certainspecificcriteriafordimensions,degreeofdetail,drawingcontent,andthelikemustbeidentifiedatthestarttoavoidcostlyabortiveeffortsandredundantwork.(d)ScheduleThroughoutprojectperiod.5-323 Subtask10.05-PrepareExhibitsDandE(a)ObjectiveToacquireandevalutedataincidenttopreparationandprepareexhibitsDandE.(b)ApproachExhibitsDandEaresufficientlycloselyrelatedthatconcurrentworkonbothisjustified.ExhibitDcallsforevidenceofcompliancewithrequirementsofthelawsoftheStateofAlaskawithrespecttobedandbanksandtotheappropriation,diversion,anduseofwaterforpowerpurposesandwithrespecttotherighttoengageinthebusinessofdeveloping,transmitting,anddistributingpower,andinanyotherbusiness,necessarytoeffectthepurposesofthelicenseappliedfor,includingacertificateofconvenienceandnecessity,ifrequired.ThisevidenceshallbeaccompaniedbyastatementofthestepsthathavebeentakenandthestepsthatremaintobetakentoacquirefranchiseorotherrightsfromtheState,boroughs,andmunicipalitiesbeforetheprojectcanbecompletedandputintooperation.ExhibitErequiresadescriptionofthenature,extent,andownershipofwaterrightsinthedevelopmentoftheproject,togetherwithsatisfactoryevidencethattheapplicanthasproceededasfaraspracticableinperfectingitsrightstousesufficientwaterforproperoperationoftheprojectworks.AcertificatefromtheproperStateagencysettingforththeextentandvalidityoftheapplicant'swaterrightsshallbeappendedifpracticable.IncasetheapprovalorpermissionofoneormoreStateagenciesisrequiredbyStatelawasaconditionprecedenttotheapplicant'srighttotakeorusethewaterforthe operationoftheprojectworks,dulycertifiedevidenceofsuchapprovalorpermission,orashowingofcausewhysuchevidencecannotbereasonablysubmittedshallalsobefiled.WhenaStatecertificateisinvolved,onecertifiedcopyandtherequiredadditionaluncertifiedcopiesshallbesubmitted.Subtask10.02seekstoidentifyapplicatorylawsandregulationsaswellastoplanaprogramforcompliance.Inthissubtask,wewillmonitorthecomplianceprogramtoensurethatitisbeingfulfilled.Areportwillbepreparedsettingforththestepstakentothepointofapplicationaswellasadescriptionoffurtherprogramsleadingtoeventualtotalcompliance.AlthoughapplicationforlicensefiledbytheStateimpliesthatStatelawhasitselfbeencompliedwith,wewillnonethelesstakesuitablemeasurestomakeknownourcomplianceefforts.ThuswillExhibitDbeprepared.WewillseektheassistanceoftheAlaskaDepartmentofNaturalResourcesinprovidingadefinitivecertificateoftheextentandvalidityoftheState'swaterrights.Intheeventthatwater-useconflictsarediscerned(currentauthoritiestoreservewaterforvarioususesarecomplicatedorvaguewheretheyexistatall),they5-324Subtask10.05-PrepareExhibitsDandE(a)ObjectiveToacquireandevalutedataincidenttopreparationandprepareexhibitsDandE.(b)ApproachExhibitsDandEaresufficientlycloselyrelatedthatconcurrentworkonbothisjustified.ExhibitDcallsforevidenceofcompliancewithrequirementsofthelawsoftheStateofAlaskawithrespecttobedandbanksandtotheappropriation,diversion,anduseofwaterforpowerpurposesandwithrespecttotherighttoengageinthebusinessofdeveloping,transmitting,anddistributingpower,andinanyotherbusiness,necessarytoeffectthepurposesofthelicenseappliedfor,includingacertificateofconvenienceandnecessity,ifrequired.ThisevidenceshallbeaccompaniedbyastatementofthestepsthathavebeentakenandthestepsthatremaintobetakentoacquirefranchiseorotherrightsfromtheState,boroughs,andmunicipalitiesbeforetheprojectcanbecompletedandputintooperation.ExhibitErequiresadescriptionofthenature,extent,andownershipofwaterrightsinthedevelopmentoftheproject,togetherwithsatisfactoryevidencethattheapplicanthasproceededasfaraspracticableinperfectingitsrightstousesufficientwaterforproperoperationoftheprojectworks.AcertificatefromtheproperStateagencysettingforththeextentandvalidityoftheapplicant'swaterrightsshallbeappendedifpracticable.IncasetheapprovalorpermissionofoneormoreStateagenciesisrequiredbyStatelawasaconditionprecedenttotheapplicant'srighttotakeorusethewaterforthe operationoftheprojectworks,dulycertifiedevidenceofsuchapprovalorpermission,orashowingofcausewhysuchevidencecannotbereasonablysubmittedshallalsobefiled.WhenaStatecertificateisinvolved,onecertifiedcopyandtherequiredadditionaluncertifiedcopiesshallbesubmitted.Subtask10.02seekstoidentifyapplicatorylawsandregulationsaswellastoplanaprogramforcompliance.Inthissubtask,wewillmonitorthecomplianceprogramtoensurethatitisbeingfulfilled.Areportwillbepreparedsettingforththestepstakentothepointofapplicationaswellasadescriptionoffurtherprogramsleadingtoeventualtotalcompliance.AlthoughapplicationforlicensefiledbytheStateimpliesthatStatelawhasitselfbeencompliedwith,wewillnonethelesstakesuitablemeasurestomakeknownourcomplianceefforts.ThuswillExhibitDbeprepared.WewillseektheassistanceoftheAlaskaDepartmentofNaturalResourcesinprovidingadefinitivecertificateoftheextentandvalidityoftheState'swaterrights.Intheeventthatwater-useconflictsarediscerned(currentauthoritiestoreservewaterforvarioususesarecomplicatedorvaguewheretheyexistatall),they5-324 willbedocumentedandevaluated.AreportdetailingtheresultsofourownresearchonthewaterrightsissuetogetherwithappropriatecertificationbytheDepartmentofNaturalResourceswillbecomeExhibitE.WewillprovidedraftcopiesofproposedExhibitsDandEtovariousStateagenciesunderwhoseauspicesregulatoryandlegalrequirementsaremonitoredorenforced.Theearliestcoordinationoftheseitemswillcontributesignificantlytoourabilitytoensureunderstandingandcompliance.(c)DiscussionItisimportanttonotethattheissuesofcompliancewithstatelaw,andparticularlyofwaterrights,willbeaddressedinvariouspublicmeetings,sinceitisinthoseforumsthatpublicperceptionsofpotentialconflictaremostlikelytosurface.Inaddition,workshopstobeconductedunderthepublicparticipationprogram(Task12)aredesignedtoseekinvolvementofinterestedandaffectedStateagencieswhiletheworkgoeson,ratherthanpresentthemwitha"faitaccompli"attheendofthe3D-monthstudyeffort.(d)ScheduleWeeks12through24and100through116.5-325willbedocumentedandevaluated.AreportdetailingtheresultsofourownresearchonthewaterrightsissuetogetherwithappropriatecertificationbytheDepartmentofNaturalResourceswillbecomeExhibitE.WewillprovidedraftcopiesofproposedExhibitsDandEtovariousStateagenciesunderwhoseauspicesregulatoryandlegalrequirementsaremonitoredorenforced.Theearliestcoordinationoftheseitemswillcontributesignificantlytoourabilitytoensureunderstandingandcomp1iance.(c)DiscussionItisimportanttonotethattheissuesofcompliancewithstatelaw,andparticularlyofwaterrights,willbeaddressedinvariouspublicmeetings,sinceitisinthoseforumsthatpublicperceptionsofpotentialconflictaremostlikelytosurface.Inaddition,workshopstobeconductedunderthepublicparticipationprogram(Task12)aredesignedtoseekinvolvementofinterestedandaffectedStateagencieswhiletheworkgoeson,ratherthanpresentthemwitha"faitaccompli"attheendofthe3D-monthstudyeffort.(d)ScheduleWeeks12through24and100through116.5-325 Subtask10.06-PrepareExhibitR(a)ObjectiveToacquireandevaluatedataincidenttopreparationandprepareExhibitR -Recreation.(b)ApproachWewillseektodeterminetheinterestsanddesiresofthepublicinso-farasrecreationisconcernedthroughthepublicparticipationpro-gram.Theparticularviewsofownersandresidentswhomaybeaffectedwillbesought.Certainly,forexample,Nativeorganizationswhoselandsliewithinoradjacenttoprojectboundariesandresidentswithintheriverbasin--particularlydownstream--areespeciallyimportant.WewillconsultwiththeDepartmentofInterior,thePowerAuthorityandinterestedStateAgenciesonacontinuingbasis,andparticularlyduringtheeightscheduledworkshopsdescribedinTask12,PublicParticipation.Threealternativeconceptswillbedrawnup,oneofwhichconsidersstrictlycontrolledaccessandpurposefulavoidanceofman-maderecreationalfeatures.Theseconceptswillbeavailableforreviewbytheendofthe11thmonthsothattheycanbepresentedatthesecondpublicmeetingtobeheldearlyin1981.EnvironmentalimpactswillbeevaluatedasaportionoftheworktobeaccomplishedunderTask7 -EnvironmentalStudies.Thatalternativewhichappearstobestsatisfythepublicinterest,afteracarefulevaluationofallfactors,willbepresentedforconsiderationataworkshopinMay1981.ModificationswillbemadeasappropriateandarevisedrecommendedconceptwillbepresentedataworkshopinSeptember'81.Afina1conceptualrecreationa1planwi11thenbedevelopedinthedetailrequiredbyFERCregulationforprepar-ationofExhibitR.(c)DiscussionItwillbenotedthatenvironmentalstudiesconductedduringTask7provideforthedevelopmentofarigorousfinalrecreationplanduringthepost-licenseapplicationphase.Theconceptualplanpreparedunderthissubtaskwillprovideabasisforproceedingwiththatwork.Shouldsignificantchangestotheoriginalconceptbeindicated,supplementaryreportswillbeprovidedtoFERCasthefinalplanemerges.Itisextremelyunlikelythattotalconsensuswillbeachievedonanysinglerecreationalconcept.Indeed,itisprobablethatthespectrumofdesireswillrangefromnorecreationaldevelopmentandstrictlycontrolledaccesstoaDisneylandNorth.Itfollowsthatthe5-326Subtask10.06-PrepareExhibitRla)ObjectiveToacquireandevaluatedataincidenttopreparationandprepareExhibitR-Recreation.lb)ApproachWewillseektodeterminetheinterestsanddesiresofthepublicinso-farasrecreationisconcernedthroughthepublicparticipationpro-gram.Theparticularviewsofownersandresidentswhomaybeaffectedwillbesought.Certainly,forexample,Nativeorganizationswhoselandsliewithinoradjacenttoprojectboundariesandresidentswithintheriverbasin--particularlydownstream--areespeciallyimportant.WewillconsultwiththeDepartmentofInterior,thePowerAuthorityandinterestedStateAgenciesonacontinuingbasis,andparticularlyduringtheeightscheduledworkshopsdescribedinTask12,PublicParticipation.Threealternativeconceptswillbedrawnup,oneofwhichconsidersstrictlycontrolledaccessandpurposefulavoidanceofman-maderecreationalfeatures.Theseconceptswillbeavailableforreviewbytheendofthe11thmonthsothattheycanbepresentedatthesecondpublicmeetingtobeheldearlyin1981.EnvironmentalimpactswillbeevaluatedasaportionoftheworktobeaccomplishedunderTask7-EnvironmentalStudies.Thatalternativewhichappearstobestsatisfythepublicinterest,afteracarefulevaluationofallfactors,willbepresentedforconsiderationataworkshopinMay1981.ModificationswillbemadeasappropriateandarevisedrecommendedconceptwillbepresentedataworkshopinSeptember'81.AfinalconceptualrecreationalplanwillthenbedevelopedinthedetailrequiredbyFERCregulationforprepar-ationofExhibitR.lc)DiscussionItwillbenotedthatenvironmentalstudiesconductedduringTask7provideforthedevelopmentofarigorousfinalrecreationplanduringthepost-licenseapplicationphase.Theconceptualplanpreparedunderthissubtaskwillprovideabasisforproceedingwiththatwork.Shouldsignificantchangestotheoriginalconceptbeindicated,supplementaryreportswillbeprovidedtoFERCasthefinalplanemerges.Itisextremelyunlikelythattotalconsensuswillbeachievedonanysinglerecreationalconcept.Indeed,itisprobablethatthespectrumofdesireswillrangefromnorecreationaldevelopmentandstrictlycontrolledaccesstoaDisneylandNorth.Itfollowsthatthe5-326 evaluationandselectionprocessforasinglerecommendedplanshouldbeunderstandableandshould,insofarasispossible,bestbalanceenvironmentalconcerns,desireddevelopments,andeconomicfactors.Inanycase,wedonotintendtoassignaspecificvaluetorecreationinordertoboostwhatmightotherwisebeaneconomicallyunjustifiableprojectintoaseeminglyattractivemarginaldevelopment.Indeed,whereprivatefinancingissought,itwillbeachievedordeniedonthebasisofpowerbenefitsalone.Consultationwithvariousfederalagencieswillalsoberequiredinviewofcurrentfederalinterestsinallprojectlandsandexpectedcontinuedfederalinterestinportionsoftheprojectarea,includingcertainaccessroutesandtransmissionroutes.(d)ScheduleThroughoutprojectperiod.5-327evaluationandselectionprocessforasinglerecommendedplanshouldbeunderstandableandshould,insofarasispossible,bestbalanceenvironmentalconcerns,desireddevelopments,andeconomicfactors.Inanycase,wedonotintendtoassignaspecificvaluetorecreationinordertoboostwhatmightotherwisebeaneconomicallyunjustifiableprojectintoaseeminglyattractivemarginaldevelopment.Indeed,whereprivatefinancingissought,itwillbeachievedordeniedonthebasisofpowerbenefitsalone.Consultationwithvariousfederalagencieswillalsoberequiredinviewofcurrentfederalinterestsinallprojectlandsandexpectedcontinuedfederalinterestinportionsoftheprojectarea,includingcertainaccessroutesandtransmissionroutes.(d)ScheduleThroughoutprojectperiod.5-327 Subtask10.07-PrepareExhibitT(a)ObjectiveToacquireandevaluatedataincidenttopreparationandprepareExhibitT--StatementofReasonsforNon-FederalDevelopment.(b)ApproachThereasonswhydevelopmentoftheprojectbytheStateofAlaskaratherthanbytheFederalGovernmentisinthepublicinterestwill,ofcourse,havebeendebatedatlengthwithintheStatepriortothedecisiontoselectaconsultanttoundertaketheproposedwork.Wewillreviewtheminutesandtranscriptsofthosemeetingsand.sessionswhichledtothatdecisionwith.aviewtowardexpressingthereasoninginaformalreport.Anyadditionallightwhichmaybeshedonthematterasaresultofpublicparticipationwillbeincludedaswell.WewillalsoseektheviewsoftheChiefofEngineers,U.S.ArmyCorpsofEngineers,sincefederaldevelopmentwouldbeaccomplishedbytheCorpsofEngineersiftheStatechoosesnottouseaconsultanttoaccomplishthework.Afteraselecteddevelopmentplanisdeveloped,costestimatesandschedulesareprepared,financialplanningandriskanalysisareessentiallycompleted,andenvironmentalimpactsassessed,wewillattempttodiscerndifferences--bothpositiveandnegative--whichdeservetobeaddressedinExhibitT.AfinalreporttoserveasExhibitTwillbeprepareduponcompletionofthelastpublicmeetinginApril1982.(c)ScheduleWeeks1through12,122through125,withintermittentactivitiesatothertimes.5-328Subtask10.07-PrepareExhibitT(a)ObjectiveToacquireandevaluatedataincidenttopreparationandprepareExhibitT--StatementofReasonsforNon-FederalDevelopment.(b)ApproachThereasonswhydevelopmentoftheprojectbytheStateofAlaskaratherthanbytheFederalGovernmentisinthepublicinterestwill,ofcourse,havebeendebatedatlengthwithintheStatepriortothedecisiontoselectaconsultanttoundertaketheproposedwork.Wewillreviewtheminutesandtranscriptsofthosemeetingsand.sessionswhichledtothatdecisionwith.aviewtowardexpressingthereasoninginaformalreport.Anyadditionallightwhichmaybeshedonthematterasaresultofpublicparticipationwillbeincludedaswell.WewillalsoseektheviewsoftheChiefofEngineers,U.S.ArmyCorpsofEngineers,sincefederaldevelopmentwouldbeaccomplishedbytheCorpsofEngineersiftheStatechoosesnottouseaconsultanttoaccomplishthework.Afteraselecteddevelopmentplanisdeveloped,costestimatesandschedulesareprepared,financialplanningandriskanalysisareessentiallycompleted,andenvironmentalimpactsassessed,wewillattempttodiscerndifferences--bothpositiveandnegative--whichdeservetobeaddressedinExhibitT.AfinalreporttoserveasExhibitTwillbeprepareduponcompletionofthelastpublicmeetinginApril1982.(c)ScheduleWeeks1through12,122through125,withintermittentactivitiesatothertimes.5-328 briefsummariesWewillprepareofthevariousatthistime.Subtask 10.08-PrepareApplicationForm(a)ObjectiveToprepareapplicationinprescribedformat.(b)ApproachTheprescribedformatforlicenseapplicationrequiresofdatawhicharecontainedindetailintheexhibits.thisdocumentindraftformuponsubstantialcompletionexhibits.Aninitiallegalreviewwillbeaccomplished(c)OiscussionAlthoughthistaskbecomesrelativelysimpleonceallexhibitshavebeenprepared,itisnonethelessextremelyimportant,sincethesummaryapplicationformwillbefarmorewidelyreadthanthedetaileddocumentationwhichaccompaniesit.(d)ScheduleWeek1265-329briefsummariesWewillprepareofthevariousatthistime.Subtask 10.08-PrepareApplicationForm(a)ObjectiveToprepareapplicationinprescribedformat.(b)ApproachTheprescribedformatforlicenseapplicationrequiresofdatawhicharecontainedindetailintheexhibits.thisdocumentindraftformuponsubstantialcompletionexhibits.Aninitiallegalreviewwillbeaccomplished(c)OiscussionAlthoughthistaskbecomesrelativelysimpleonceallexhibitshavebeenprepared,itisnonethelessextremelyimportant,sincethesummaryapplicationformwillbefarmorewidelyreadthanthedetaileddocumentationwhichaccompaniesit.(d)ScheduleWeek1265-329 Subtask10.09-OocumentationReviewandDeficiencyCorrection(a)ObjectiveToprovideforfinalin-housereviewofdraftlicenseapplication.(b)ApproachWhereascontinuousreviewswillhavebeenconductedthroughoutthestudyperiodasindividualsubtasksarecompletedandvariousdesigntransmittalsanddraftexhibitsareofferedforcomment,weproposetoconductanexhaustivein-housereviewoftherecommendedfinallicenseapplication.Afulltwoweekswillbesetasideforthispurposeandourdesignatedin-housereviewpanelwillindividuallyreviewandcollectivelymeettoconsidertheproposedfinaldraftapplication.Deficiencieswillbecorrectedwherevertheyarefoundtooccur.Afterthefirstweekofthetwo-weekreviewperiod,copieswillbemadeavailableforfinalreviewbytheexpertexternalboardsestablishedforthepurpose.ThateffortiscoveredunderSubtask10.10.(c)ScheduleWeeks127and128.5-330Subtask10.09-OocumentationReviewandDeficiencyCorrection(a)ObjectiveToprovideforfinalin-housereviewofdraftlicenseapplication.(b)ApproachWhereascontinuousreviewswillhavebeenconductedthroughoutthestudyperiodasindividualsubtasksarecompletedandvariousdesigntransmittalsanddraftexhibitsareofferedforcomment,weproposetoconductanexhaustivein-housereviewoftherecommendedfinallicenseapplication.Afulltwoweekswillbesetasideforthispurposeandourdesignatedin-housereviewpanelwillindividuallyreviewandcollectivelymeettoconsidertheproposedfinaldraftapplication.Deficiencieswillbecorrectedwherevertheyarefoundtooccur.Afterthefirstweekofthetwo-weekreviewperiod,copieswillbemadeavailableforfinalreviewbytheexpertexternalboardsestablishedforthepurpose.ThateffortiscoveredunderSubtask10.10.(c)ScheduleWeeks127and128.5-330 Subtask10.10-ExternalReview(a)ObjectiveToprovideforfinalreviewbyexternalboardsandforfinalproductionofapplicationreadyforfiling.(b)ApproachExternalboardmemberswillbeprovidedfinaldraftcopiesoftheproposedapplicationthreeweeksbeforetargetedcompletiondate.Reviewswillbeconductedindividuallyforapproximatelyoneweek,andtheboardswillconveneduringasecondweektopermitdiscussionofconcerns,ifany.MembersoftheAcresteamwillbemadeavailableasnecessaryuponrequesttoanswerquestions.Totheextentthatcorrectabledeficienciesarediscoveredatanytimeduringthereviewperiod,immediateactionwillbetakentoalleviatetheproblem.Forthatpurpose,arepresentativefromtheAcresteamwillbemadeavailabletotheboardforliaisonandreviewthroughoutthetwo-weekreviewperiod.Thefinalweekofthestudyperiodwillbedevotedtofinalcorrection,production,anddeliveryoftheapplicationforexecutionandfilingbytheState.(c)DiscussionTheproposedcarefulreviewwillserveseveralpurposes.First,itisclearlyimportantonaprojectofsuchmagnitudetoavailoneselfofthebestavailableopinionastotheadequacyofthework.Secondly,thecollectiveeffortsofeminentreviewgroupsmayservetoreducethechallengesorinterventionswhichmaybemadeduringthelicenseprocessingperiod.Certainly,membersoftheexternalboardmayalsobecalledasexpertwitnessesduringlaterperiods.Thirdly,thevitalconfidenceofpotentialinvestorswillsurelybebolsteredbythethoughtfuldeliberationsofsuchanaugustbody.(d)ScheduleWeeks128through1305-331Subtask10.10-ExternalReviewla)ObjectiveToprovideforfinalreviewbyexternalboardsandforfinalproductionofapplicationreadyforfiling.lb)ApproachExternalboardmemberswillbeprovidedfinaldraftcopiesoftheproposedapplicationthreeweeksbeforetargetedcompletiondate.Reviewswillbeconductedindividuallyforapproximatelyoneweek,andtheboardswillconveneduringasecondweektopermitdiscussionofconcerns,ifany.MembersoftheAcresteamwillbemadeavailableasnecessaryuponrequesttoanswerquestions.Totheextentthatcorrectabledeficienciesarediscoveredatanytimeduringthereviewperiod,immediateactionwillbetakentoalleviatetheproblem.Forthatpurpose,arepresentativefromtheAcresteamwillbemadeavailabletotheboardforliaisonandreviewthroughoutthetwo-weekreviewperiod.Thefinalweekofthestudyperiodwillbedevotedtofinalcorrection,production,anddeliveryoftheapplicationforexecutionandfilingbytheState.lc)DiscussionTheproposedcarefulreviewwillserveseveralpurposes.First,itisclearlyimportantonaprojectofsuchmagnitudetoavailoneselfofthebestavailableopinionastotheadequacyofthework.Secondly,thecollectiveeffortsofeminentreviewgroupsmayservetoreducethechallengesorinterventionswhichmaybemadeduringthelicenseprocessingperiod.Certainly,membersoftheexternalboardmayalsobecalledasexpertwitnessesduringlaterperiods.Thirdly,thevitalconfidenceofpotentialinvestorswillsurelybebolsteredbythethoughtfuldeliberationsofsuchanaugustbody.(d)ScheduleWeeks128through1305-331 2££-92££-9 A.5.12-TASK11:MARKETINGANDFINANCING(i)TaskObjectivesToestablishthefeasibilityoffinancingtheprojectandtodevelopanapproachwhichprovidesoptimumfinancingcosttoAlaskapowerAuthorityandthebestoverallbenefittotheStateofAlaska.Anessentialelementofthistaskwillbetobuildconfidenceintheproject.(ii)TaskOutputTheprincipaloutputofthistaskwillbethedraftsupportdocumen-tationforbondoffering.Whilenineprimarydocumentsandapproxi-matelysixteenadditionalsupportdocumentsareinvolved,somewillbepreparedwithrelativeeasebecausethedatacontainedthereinwillnecessarilyhavebeenproducedforotherpurposes.Notableoutputsuniquetothemarketingandfinancingissueincludeaseriesofriskanalysesandproceduresforriskcontrolandminimization,aswellasataxationreportaddressingtheimportantquestionofeligi-bilityfortax-exemptbondissuance.Documentswillbeproducedunderthreemaincategories:(a)(b)ProjectOverview,includingInternalReportsforManagement/FinancialConsideration(ProvisionalListing)ReviewofDesignandConstructionConceptsandMethodologyReviewofCostEstimatesandSchedulesEconomicLimitsofProjectPreliminaryAssessmentoftheFinancingPlanandBondOfferingDocumentationReviewofEnvironmentalConstraintsDevelopmentoftheOrganizationandExpertiseSourcesMajorRisksandResponsesFinancingRequirementsofallPartiesandtheCompletionGuaranteeAssessmentofCapitalCostsandSchedulesAssessmentofCriticalEngineeringTasksandAssociatedRiskAnalysisProjectContingencies,RiskAnalysisandPlanning5-333A.5.12-TASK11:MARKETINGANDFINANCING(i)TaskObjectivesToestablishthefeasibilityoffinancingtheprojectandtodevelopanapproachwhichprovidesoptimumfinancingcosttoAlaskapowerAuthorityandthebestoverallbenefittotheStateofAlaska.Anessentialelementofthistaskwillbetobuildconfidenceintheproject.(ii)TaskOutputTheprincipaloutputofthistaskwillbethedraftsupportdocumen-tationforbondoffering.Whilenineprimarydocumentsandapproxi-matelysixteenadditionalsupportdocumentsareinvolved,somewillbepreparedwithrelativeeasebecausethedatacontainedthereinwillnecessarilyhavebeenproducedforotherpurposes.Notableoutputsuniquetothemarketingandfinancingissueincludeaseriesofriskanalysesandproceduresforriskcontrolandminimization,aswellasataxationreportaddressingtheimportantquestionofeligi-bilityfortax-exemptbondissuance.Documentswillbeproducedunderthreemaincategories:(a)ProjectOverview,includingReviewofDesignandConstructionConceptsandMethodologyReviewofCostEstimatesandSchedulesEconomicLimitsofProjectPreliminaryAssessmentoftheFinancingPlanandBondOfferingDocumentationReviewofEnvironmentalConstraintsDevelopmentoftheOrganizationandExpertiseSourcesMajorRisksandResponses(b)InternalReportsforManagement/FinancialConsideration(ProvisionalListing)FinancingRequirementsofallPartiesandtheCompletionGuaranteeAssessmentofCapitalCostsandSchedulesAssessmentofCriticalEngineeringTasksandAssociatedRiskAnalysisProjectContingencies,RiskAnalysisandPlanning5-333 (b)InternalReportsforManagement/FinancialConsideration(ProvisionalListing)(Cont.)EnvironmentalAgenciesRequirementsNativePeoplesRequirementsProbableEconomicLimitstoProjectInflationandEscalationAssessmentOverrunPossibilitiesRiskManagementOrganizationandRiskMinimizationPolicySecurityofProjectCapitalStructureEconomicImpactPreviewEvaluationofAlternativeMarketsAvailableforSusitnaOutputEvaluationofAlternateOptionsforMeetingRailbeltPowerNeedsReviewofConstructionContractPerformanceHistoryinAlaskareCostandScheduleGeneralEconomicReview(c)DraftBondDocumentation(ProvisionalListing)A.PrimaryVolumesPowerContractsEngineeringReportStatutoryAgreements,LegalApprovalsandLandClaimsSummaryofCorporateDocumentsTechnicalAbstractandEngineer'sCertificateConstructionCostEstimateSummaryConstructionScheduleandProjectExpenditureProgramInsuranceFinancingSummary5-334(b)InternalReportsforManagement/FinancialConsideration(ProvisionalListing)(Cont.)EnvironmentalAgenciesRequirementsNativePeoplesRequirementsProbableEconomicLimitstoProjectInflationandEscalationAssessmentOverrunPossibilitiesRiskManagementOrganizationandRiskMinimizationPolicySecurityofProjectCapitalStructureEconomicImpactPreviewEvaluationofAlternativeMarketsAvailableforSusitnaOutputEvaluationofAlternateOptionsforMeetingRailbeltPowerNeedsReviewofConstructionContractPerformanceHistoryinAlaskareCostandScheduleGeneralEconomicReview(c)DraftBondDocumentation(ProvisionalListing)A.PrimaryVolumesPowerContractsEngineeringReportStatutoryAgreements,LegalApprovalsandLandClaimsSummaryofCorporateDocumentsTechnicalAbstractandEngineer'sCertificateConstructionCostEstimateSummaryConstructionScheduleandProjectExpenditureProgramInsuranceFinancingSummary5-334 (c)DraftBondB.SupportVolumesOverallProjectOrganizationEngineeringReports(Construction)-AccessandSitePreservation-EnvironmentalStandards,MonitoringandControl-QualityAssuranceandTestingPrograms-SupportFacilitiesandLogisticsEngineeringReports(Operations)-OperatingandRep1acementExpenditures-ChargeableCorporateExpendituresLaborAgreementsPlanforAlaskaManpowerandProcurementContentRiskManagementandMinimization-RiskAnalysisandControl-RiskMinimizationTaxationReportLega1ReportReviewofGiantProjects-Financing-ConstructionandEngineeringAlternativeEnergySources5-335(c)DraftBondB.SupportVolumesOverallProjectOrganizationEngineeringReports(Construction)-AccessandSitePreservation-EnvironmentalStandards,MonitoringandControl-QualityAssuranceandTestingPrograms-SupportFacilitiesandLogisticsEngineeringReports(Operations)-OperatingandRep1acementExpenditures-ChargeableCorporateExpendituresLaborAgreementsPlanforAlaskaff;anpowerandProcurementContentRiskManagementandMinimization-RiskAnalysisandControl-RiskMinimizationTaxationReportLega1ReportReviewofGiantProjects-Financing-ConstructionandEngineeringAlternativeEnergySources5-335 (iii)ListofSubtasksSubtask11.01-ProjectOverviewPreparationandUpdateSubtask11.02-InternalReportPreparationSubtask11.03-AlternativePowerSourceRiskAnalysisSubtask11.04-SusitnaBasePlanInitialRiskAnalysisSubtask11.05-SusitnaBasePlanExtensionandRevisionSubtask11.06-SusitnaFinancingRiskAnalysisSubtask 11.07-ResolutionofTaxExemptBondIssueSubtask11.08-IdentifyPartiesinInterestSubtask11.09-RevenueAssuranceProceduresSubtask11.10-LiaisonwithAPABondUnderwritingManagersSubtask11.11-DraftDocumentationforBondOfferingSupport(iv)SubtaskScopeStatementsItisrecognizedthatSusitnaismostlikelytoproceedonthebasisofaProjectFinancing.Essentialtothiswillbeanaccuratedeterminationofrevenuesandproperlyestablishedenergysalesagreements.Furthermore,allprojectrisksmustbeidentified,theirpotentialimpactassessed,andappropriatecontingencyplansandprovisionsmade.Intheapproachrecommended,acloseworkingarrangementwillbeestablishedfromtheoutsetofthestudybetweentechnical,economicandfinancialadvisorygroups.TheinteractionbetweentheseinterestswillbedevelopedthroughaseriesofspecifictaskswhichprovidetheAuthoritywithsuccessivelymorecomprehensiveoutlinesanddefinitionofafinancingplan.Asthestudyproceeds,thespecificrequirementsforsupportingmaterialessentialforfinancingwillbeidentifiedanditspreparationundertakeninclosecollaborationwiththeselectedbondunderwriters.Thecompletenessandexcellenceofbondofferingsupportdocumentationisjudgedtobeofcrucialimportancetoasuccessfulproject.Theworkinvolvesnumerous,complexandinterlinkedtasks;andonlycomprehensivepre-planningcanachievethedesiredresult.Inordertopresenttheprojectinproperperspectivetothemanypartiesinvolved--Federal,Stateandlocalagencies,regulatoryauthorities,powerpurchasers,potentiallenders,institutions,politicalgroupsandpublic--acomprehensiveoverviewwillbeprepared.Thiswillinitiallybeingeneralterms,butwillendeavortocoveralltheinterrelatedelementsoftheproject.Asworkproceeds,successiveeditionsoftheoverviewreportbecomemoreexplicitandcomplete.ItwillberecognizedthattheknowledgeandenthusiasmofmanywhohavethepowerofvetoorconstraintovertheSusitnaprojectwillbelessthanthatofAlaskaPowerAuthorityandthosemostcloselyinvolved.Studiesandexplanationswhichmayseemunnecessarytothesponsoringgroupmaywellbeneededtoconvincethirdpartiesandengendertheirenthusiasm.5-336(iii)ListofSubtasksSubtask11.01-ProjectOverviewPreparationandUpdateSubtask11.02-InternalReportPreparationSubtask11.03-AlternativePowerSourceRiskAnalysisSubtask11.04-SusitnaBasePlanInitialRiskAnalysisSubtask11.05-SusitnaBasePlanExtensionandRevisionSubtask11.06-SusitnaFinancingRiskAnalysisSubtask 11.07-ResolutionofTaxExemptBondIssueSubtask11.08IdentifyPartiesinInterestSubtask11.09-RevenueAssuranceProceduresSubtask11.10LiaisonwithAPABondUnderwritingManagersSubtask11.11-DraftDocumentationforBondOfferingSupport(iv)SubtaskScopeStatementsItisrecognizedthatSusitnaismostlikelytoproceedonthebasisofaProjectFinancing.Essentialtothiswillbeanaccuratedeterminationofrevenuesandproperlyestablishedenergysalesagreements.Furthermore,allprojectrisksmustbeidentified,theirpotentialimpactassessed,andappropriatecontingencyplansandprovisionsmade.Intheapproachrecommended,acloseworkingarrangementwillbeestablishedfromtheoutsetofthestudybetweentechnical,economicandfinancialadvisorygroups.TheinteractionbetweentheseinterestswillbedevelopedthroughaseriesofspecifictaskswhichprovidetheAuthoritywithsuccessivelymorecomprehensiveoutlinesanddefinitionofafinancingplan.Asthestudyproceeds,thespecificrequirementsforsupportingmaterialessentialforfinancingwillbeidentifiedanditspreparationundertakeninclosecollaborationwiththeselectedbondunderwriters.Thecompletenessandexcellenceofbondofferingsupportdocumentationisjudgedtobeofcrucialimportancetoasuccessfulproject.Theworkinvolvesnumerous,complexandinterlinkedtasks;andonlycomprehensivepre-planningcanachievethedesiredresult.Inordertopresenttheprojectinproperperspectivetothemanypartiesinvolved--Federal,Stateandlocalagencies,regulatoryauthorities,powerpurchasers,potentiallenders,institutions,politicalgroupsandpublic--acomprehensiveoverviewwillbeprepared.Thiswillinitiallybeingeneralterms,butwillendeavortocoveralltheinterrelatedelementsoftheproject.Asworkproceeds,successiveeditionsoftheoverviewreportbecomemoreexplicitandcomplete.ItwillberecognizedthattheknowledgeandenthusiasmofmanywhohavethepowerofvetoorconstraintovertheSusitnaprojectwillbelessthanthatofAlaskaPowerAuthorityandthosemostcloselyinvolved.Studiesandexplanationswhichmayseemunnecessarytothesponsoringgroupmaywellbeneededtoconvincethirdpartiesandengendertheirenthusiasm.5-336 Itisfurthermorevitallyimportanttodispersetheknowledge",:-,0:19thoseemployedintheprojectthatallpotentialproblemshavebeenthoroughlyexaminedandsolved.Thiswillgeneratethenecessarydegreeofinfectiousenthusiasmwhichisanessentialingredientforevenadeterminedteamtosucceed.Theworkoftheinterdisciplinarygroupincorporatingtechnical,economic,financial,andotherskillswould,furthermore,demonstrateclearlyformanagementconsiderationthecleareconomiclimitstotheSusitnaproject(e.g.,itsmaximumacceptablecost)andthetimeperiodinwhichitsaccomplishmentmustberegardedasacertaintybeforeothermeasurestomeetAlaska'spowerneedswouldhavetobeadopted.Whileexaminationofthenegativelimitsoftheprojectcouldberegardedasanexpressionofpessimismoreven,incheultimate,capableofcancellingtheproject,weconsidersuchanalysisvital.Itshouldservetoestablishthegeneralrobustnessoftheprojectandtodemonstratebeyonddoubttothevariousgovernments,investors,lenders,completionguarantorsandotherstheviabilityofanyrecommendedschemefordevelopment.Asthevariouselementsoftheprojectstudyreachtheappropriatelevelofcompletion,itisplannedtoapplyarigorousanalysisofriskandtorecommendcontingencyprovisions.Theapproachestobeusedwouldinvolvemoderntechniquesofanalysisandprobabilityassessmentanddealwithcost,schedule,technicalandothercontrollingelementsoftheproject.Theapproachtobeadoptedwouldderivefullbenefitfrompreviousfinancingeffortsformajorcapitalprojectsrequiringcapitalfundingof$1billionormore.Experiencehasdemonstratedtheneedforcloseandeffectiveinteractionbetweentheownerandthevariouselementsofhisadvisoryteam.(v)LogicDiagramAlogicdiagramisshowninPlateT11.1toillustratethemannerinwhichvariousdocumentsareprepared,interrelated,andassembled.(vi)InvestmentBankerInputsAssociatedwithusinTask11willbetheinvestmentbankingfirmofSalomonBrotherswhichisdescribedintheirmemorandumatSectionCofthisPlanofStudy.SalomonBrotherswillapplyitsprofessionalskills,experience,andjudgmentasamajorinvestmentbankertoassistusineveryaspectofTask11atatotallevelofeffortequaltothatprovidedbyAcres.CoststhroughoutthevarioussubtasksincludebothAcresandSalomonBrotherswork.5-337Itisfurthermorevitallyimportanttodispersetheknowledge",:-,0:19thoseemployedintheprojectthatallpotentialproblemshavebeenthoroughlyexaminedandsolved.Thiswillgeneratethenecessarydegreeofinfectiousenthusiasmwhichisanessentialingredientforevenadeterminedteamtosucceed.Theworkoftheinterdisciplinarygroupincorporatingtechnical,economic,financial,andotherskillswould,furthermore,demonstrateclearlyformanagementconsiderationthecleareconomiclimitstotheSusitnaproject(e.g.,itsmaximumacceptablecost)andthetimeperiodinwhichitsaccomplishmentmustberegardedasacertaintybeforeothermeasurestomeetAlaska'spowerneedswouldhavetobeadopted.Whileexaminationofthenegativelimitsoftheprojectcouldberegardedasanexpressionofpessimismoreven,in'cheultimate,capableofcancellingtheproject,weconsidersuchanalysisvital.Itshouldservetoestablishthegeneralrobustnessoftheprojectandtodemonstratebeyonddoubttothevariousgovernments,investors,lenders,completionguarantorsandotherstheviabilityofanyrecommendedschemefordevelopment.Asthevariouselementsoftheprojectstudyreachtheappropriatelevelofcompletion,itisplannedtoapplyarigorousanalysisofriskandtorecommendcontingencyprovisions.Theapproachestobeusedwouldinvolvemoderntechniquesofanalysisandprobabilityassessmentanddealwithcost,schedule,technicalandothercontrollingelementsoftheproject.Theapproachtobeadoptedwouldderivefullbenefitfrompreviousfinancingeffortsformajorcapitalprojectsrequiringcapitalfundingof$1billionormore.Experiencehasdemonstratedtheneedforcloseandeffectiveinteractionbetweentheownerandthevariouselementsofhisadvisoryteam.(v)LogicDiagramAlogicdiagramisshowninPlateT11.1toillustratethemannerinwhichvariousdocumentsareprepared,interrelated,andassembled.(vi)InvestmentBankerInputsAssociatedwithusinTask11willbetheinvestmentbankingfirmofSalomonBrotherswhichisdescribedintheirmemorandumatSectionCofthisPlanofStudy.SalomonBrotherswillapplyitsprofessionalskills,experience,andjudgmentasamajorinvestmentbankertoassistusineveryaspectofTask11atatotallevelofeffortequaltothatprovidedbyAcres.CoststhroughoutthevarioussubtasksincludebothAcresandSalomonBrotherswork.5-337 Subtask11.01-ProjectOverviewPreparationandUpdate(a)ObjectiveToprovideakeyprojectdocumentwhichreviewsallmajoraspectsoftheprojectanditsobjectives,determining.inprinciplewhetherthesecanbesuccessfullymet;providethroughsuccessiveupdatingacontinu-ingreassessmentoftheproject'soverallviabilityandfinancibilityasvariousmilestonesarereached;andallowmultidisciplinaryinputsfrommanysourcestobeproperlycoordinatedintoacohesiveandwell-balanceddefinitionoftheproject.(b)ApproachThisSubtaskwillbeperformedbyasmallteamwhowillreceiveinputsfrommanymultidisciplinarysectorsinvolvedinthestudy.InitiallytheProjectOverviewwillconcentrateonadescriptiveoutlineoftheprojectobjectives,thesitefordevelopmentandtheprojectfacili-ties.Capitalcostsandscheduleswillbeattheoutsetpreliminaryonly,butnonethelessconsideredadequatetodetermineinitialoverallviability.TheProjectOverviewwillidentifythesensitivitytovariousrisksandoutlinemethodsofmitigatingtheseandpossiblyremovingsomefromfurtherconsideration.Theinitialprojectoverviewpreparationwilloccurafterthego~no-godecisionpointattheendofthestudy.Theprojectoverviewanditssubsequentrevisionsinupdatedformatintervalsof6to8monthsthroughoutthestudyperiodwillbepresent-edfromthe"owner'sviewpoint"andwillconsiderallimportantaspectswhichaffectacceptance,financibilityandtheundertakingofconstruc-tionofthehydroelectricfacilities.Theteamwillbedirectedbyexperiencedseniorstafffamiliarwiththeapproachessentialtoprojectsofsuchmagnitudeandthecomplexfinancingarrangementsthattheseinvolve.Inachievingitsgoalofpreparationofacomprehensive,clearlyunder-standable,conciseandaccurateoverviewoftheproject,theProjectOverviewTaskForcewillcallonspecificinputsfrommanysources,including:-Technica1-Environmental-Economic-Marketing-Financial-Insurance-Transportation-Labor-Tax-Legal-PoliticalTypicalelementsoftheProjectOverviewarelistedinSubparagraph(ii)(a)ofTaskOutputabove.5-338r'tSubtask11.01-ProjectOverviewPreparationandUpdate(a)ObjectiveToprovideakeyprojectdocumentwhichreviewsallmajoraspectsoftheprojectanditsobjectives,determining.inprinciplewhetherthesecanbesuccessfullymet;providethroughsuccessiveupdatingacontinu-ingreassessmentoftheproject'soverallviabilityandfinancibilityasvariousmilestonesarereached;andallowmultidisciplinaryinputsfrommanysourcestobeproperlycoordinatedintoacohesiveandwell-balanceddefinitionoftheproject.(b)ApproachThisSubtaskwillbeperformedbyasmallteamwhowillreceiveinputsfrommanymultidisciplinarysectorsinvolvedinthestudy.InitiallytheProjectOverviewwillconcentrateonadescriptiveoutlineoftheprojectobjectives,thesitefordevelopmentandtheprojectfacili-ties.Capitalcostsandscheduleswillbeattheoutsetpreliminaryonly,butnonethelessconsideredadequatetodetermineinitialoverallviability.TheProjectOverviewwillidentifythesensitivitytovariousrisksandoutlinemethodsofmitigatingtheseandpossiblyremovingsomefromfurtherconsideration.Theinitialprojectoverviewpreparationwi11occurafterthego..:no-godecisionpointattheendofthestudy.Theprojectoverviewanditssubsequentrevisionsinupdatedformatintervalsof6to8monthsthroughoutthestudyperiodwillbepresent-edfromthe"owner'sviewpoint"andwillconsiderallimportantaspectswhichaffectacceptance,financibilityandtheundertakingofconstruc-tionofthehydroelectricfacilities.Theteamwillbedirectedbyexperiencedseniorstafffamiliarwiththeapproachessentialtoprojectsofsuchmagnitudeandthecomplexfinancingarrangementsthattheseinvolve.Inachievingitsgoalofpreparationofacomprehensive,clearlyunder-standable,conciseandaccurateoverviewoftheproject,theProjectOverviewTaskForcewillcallonspecificinputsfrommanysources,including:-Technica1-Environmental-Economic-Marketing-Financial-Insurance-Transportation-Labor-Tax-Legal-PoliticalTypicalelementsoftheProjectOverviewarelistedinSubparagraph(ii)(a)ofTaskOutputabove.5-338 ThefinalissueoftheProjectOverviewduringthestudyphasewillprovideavaluablesummarydocumenttobridgeintosubsequentlicensingandpreliminarydesignphasesofthework.EventuallyitscontentwillhavesignificantvaluefortheBondOfferingSupportDocumentandavarietyofotherapplications,includingpreparationofprojectbrochuresaspartofthepublicparticipationprogram.(c)DiscussionTheconceptofthecontinuouslyupdated"ProjectOverview"isofrelativelyrecentoriginandhasdevelopedfromthespecialneedsoflargecomplexprojects.Itisnecessarytoaddressthecomplexitywithawellplannedcompilationofmaterialwhichplacesallthetechnical,commercial,economic,financial,contractual,environmentalandetheraspectsinproperperspectiveanddemonstratesthatallvitalproblemsarebeingsensiblyaddressed.Theoverviewisplannedtoprovideaconsistentthreadofdocumentationthroughthewholestudyprocessand,ifconstructionshouldproceed,toprovideadatumbaselineforjudgingactualperformanceofthemanyelementsinrelationtotheplans.Asthedocumentswillhavetoservemanyvariedandnon-technicalinterests,thelanguagemustbeappropriatelychosenandcarefullyeditedforclarityandeaseofunderstanding.Extensiveusewillbemadeofgraphics,drawings,mapsandpictorialillustrations.Produc-tionandbindingwillreflectthelevelofeconomyappropriatetodraftandeventuallyfinaldocumentation.(d)ScheduleWeeks53through130.5-339ThefinalissueoftheProjectOverviewduringthestudyphasewillprovideavaluablesummarydocumenttobridgeintosubsequentlicensingandpreliminarydesignphasesofthework.EventuallyitscontentwillhavesignificantvaluefortheBondOfferingSupportDocumentandavarietyofotherapplications,includingpreparationofprojectbrochuresaspartofthepublicparticipationprogram.(c)DiscussionTheconceptofthecontinuouslyupdated"ProjectOverview"isofrelativelyrecentoriginandhasdevelopedfromthespecialneedsoflargecomplexprojects.Itisnecessarytoaddressthecomplexitywithawellplannedcompilationofmaterialwhichplacesallthetechnical,commercial,economic,financial,contractual,environmentalandetheraspectsinproperperspectiveanddemonstratesthatallvitalproblemsarebeingsensiblyaddressed.Theoverviewisplannedtoprovideaconsistentthreadofdocumentationthroughthewholestudyprocessand,ifconstructionshouldproceed,toprovideadatumbaselineforjudgingactualperformanceofthemanyelementsinrelationtotheplans.Asthedocumentswillhavetoservemanyvariedandnon-technicalinterests,thelanguagemustbeappropriatelychosenandcarefullyeditedforclarityandeaseofunderstanding.Extensiveusewillbemadeofgraphics,drawings,mapsandpictorialillustrations.Produc-tionandbindingwillreflectthelevelofeconomyappropriatetodraftandeventuallyfinaldocumentation.(d)ScheduleWeeks53through130.5-339 Subtask11.02-InternalReportPreparation(a)ObjectiveTopreparetopicalreports,formanagementconsideration,onthoseaspectsoftheprojectswhichhaveastrongbearingonfinancibilityoftheproject;presentmaterialderivedfromtheoverallstudyinformsuitableforeasyassimilationbynon-engineeringparticipantsintheoveralltask;andpresenttheriskstowhichtheprojectisexposedintheproperperspective.(b)ApproachTheteamprovidedtoassesstheoverallfinancibilityoftheprojectwillberesponsiblefordrawingtogetherfrommanysourcesdata,viewpoints,reports,assessments,impactstatements,documentsandavarietyofothersupportingmaterial.Incarryingoutthistask,themultidisciplinaryspecialistswhowillbesupportingtheteamwillassembleandedittopicalinternalreportsforconsiderationbymanagerialstaffoftheAuthority,theirfinancialadvisors/under-writingmanagersandothersguidingtheprojectthroughitsstudyphasetoimplementationorabandonment.Theinternalreportsmayultimatelyformasubstantialproportionofdocumentstobesubsequentlyproducedindirectsupportofthefinancingorforavarietyofotherpurposes.Everyeffortwillbemadetoforeseeallfuturepossibleusesofthematerial,anditspresentationwillbeappropriatelyarranged.Oneelementoftheinternalreportswhichwillreceivespecialconsi-derationisriskassessment,whichwillbeappliedtoseveraIaspectsoftheprojectsuchastechnical,financialoverrun,scheduledelay,operatingreliability,etc.Meansofmitigatingprojectriskswillbedealtwithinacomprehensivefashionaswillbethecontributionfrominsurancesourcesindealingwithresidualexposures.Theimportantdetailedriskanalysisitselfiscoveredundersubtasks11.04through11.06.Relatedinternalreportspreparedasa apartofthissubtaskwillpresenttheresultsofthosedetailedprofessionalstudiesinamannerwhichcanbeeasilyunderstoodbydecisionmakerswhoseultimateagreementisessentialtoeventualconstruction.Subparagraph(ii)(b)oftheTaskOutputsetsoutaprovisionallistingoftypicaldocumentswhichmayberequired.ThefinallistingwouldbeplannedatanearlystageofthestudyinconjunctionwiththeAuthorityandtheiradvisors.Controlsheetsoutliningresponsibilitiesforspecificinput,indexofcontacts,andrequiredschedulewillbepreparedinthisplanningstage.Theinternalreportsprovide,onaselectivebasis,muchofthematerialforthevariouseditionsoftheProjectOverviewandtheproductionofbothserieswillbecloselycoordinated.Aconsistentandcohesiveseriesofreportswillbepreparedwhichwillclearlyaddressallthevitalissuesaffectingprojectreleaseforconstruction.5-340Subtask11.02-InternalReportPreparation(a)ObjectiveTopreparetopicalreports,formanagementconsideration,onthoseaspectsoftheprojectswhichhaveastrongbearingonfinancibilityoftheproject;presentmaterialderivedfromtheoverallstudyinformsuitableforeasyassimilationbynon-engineeringparticipantsintheoveralltask;andpresenttheriskstowhichtheprojectisexposedintheproperperspective.(b)ApproachTheteamprovidedtoassesstheoverallfinancibilityoftheprojectwillberesponsiblefordrawingtogetherfrommanysourcesdata,viewpoints,reports,assessments,impactstatements,documentsandavarietyofothersupportingmaterial.Incarryingoutthistask,themultidisciplinaryspecialistswhowillbesupportingtheteamwillassembleandedittopicalinternalreportsforconsiderationbymanagerialstaffoftheAuthority,theirfinancialadvisors/under-writingmanagersandothersguidingtheprojectthroughitsstudyphasetoimplementationorabandonment.Theinternalreportsmayultimatelyformasubstantialproportionofdocumentstobesubsequentlyproducedindirectsupportofthefinancingorforavarietyofotherpurposes.Everyeffortwillbemadetoforeseeallfuturepossibleusesofthematerial,anditspresentationwillbeappropriatelyarranged.Oneelementoftheinternalreportswhichwillreceivespecialconsi-derationisriskassessment,whichwillbeappliedtoseveraIaspectsoftheprojectsuchastechnical,financialoverrun,scheduledelay,operatingreliability,etc.Meansofmitigatingprojectriskswillbedealtwithinacomprehensivefashionaswillbethecontributionfrominsurancesourcesindealingwithresidualexposures.Theimportantdetailedriskanalysisitselfiscoveredundersubtasks11.04through11.06.Relatedinternalreportspreparedasa apartofthissubtaskwillpresenttheresultsofthosedetailedprofessionalstudiesinamannerwhichcanbeeasilyunderstoodbydecisionmakerswhoseultimateagreementisessentialtoeventualconstruction.Subparagraph(ii)(b)oftheTaskOutputsetsoutaprovisionallistingoftypicaldocumentswhichmayberequired.ThefinallistingwouldbeplannedatanearlystageofthestudyinconjunctionwiththeAuthorityandtheiradvisors.Controlsheetsoutliningresponsibilitiesforspecificinput,indexofcontacts,andrequiredschedulewillbepreparedinthisplanningstage.Theinternalreportsprovide,onaselectivebasis,muchofthematerialforthevariouseditionsoftheProjectOverviewandtheproductionofbothserieswillbecloselycoordinated.Aconsistentandcohesiveseriesofreportswillbepreparedwhichwillclearlyaddressallthevitalissuesaffectingprojectreleaseforconstruction.5-340 (c)DiscussionWhiledocumentsofthetypeenvisagedaretheinevitableproductofacomprehensivestudy,thebenefitofaspecificsourceofconsistentinternalreportsisthattheAuthoritywillreceiveobjective,wellbalanced,professionalargumentsonkeyissuestoallowproperlyinformeddecisions.ItisimportanttonotethatthisapproachisresponsivetotheAPAplantoremainalean,efficientorganization.InabiggerandmorehighlystaffedorganizationundertakingamajorprojectofthescaleofSusitna,theinternalreportswouldbeproduced,nodoubt,byindividualspecialistdepartmentsfortheowners'projectteamresponsibleforfinaldecision.TheproposedapproachpermitsAPAtoavoidoverstaffingforrelativelyshortstudyorprojectmanagementperiods.AnopportunityisofferedforthespecialprojecttaskforcetoperformthesefunctionsunderthecontrolanddirectionoftheExecutiveDirectorandtheBoard.Theteamwouldbecloselylinkedtotheoverallprojectstudyorganiza-tionandperformfunctionswhichwillbeanessentialpartofthestudytask.Itwillserve,however,theowners'controlgroupdirectlyinprovidingthebasisforassessmentanddecisiononmanyissueshavinganimpactontheproject.Thissubtaskwillcontinueduringthepost-applicationphaseofthework.(d)ScheduleWeeks52through130.5-341(c)DiscussionWhiledocumentsofthetypeenvisagedaretheinevitableproductofacomprehensivestudy,thebenefitofaspecificsourceofconsistentinternalreportsisthattheAuthoritywillreceiveobjective,wellbalanced,professionalargumentsonkeyissuestoallowproperlyinformeddecisions.ItisimportanttonotethatthisapproachisresponsivetotheAPAplantoremainalean,efficientorganization.InabiggerandmorehighlystaffedorganizationundertakingamajorprojectofthescaleofSusitna,theinternalreportswouldbeproduced,nodoubt,byindividualspecialistdepartmentsfortheowners'projectteamresponsibleforfinaldecision.TheproposedapproachpermitsAPAtoavoidoverstaffingforrelativelyshortstudyorprojectmanagementperiods.AnopportunityisofferedforthespecialprojecttaskforcetoperformthesefunctionsunderthecontrolanddirectionoftheExecutiveDirectorandtheBoard.Theteamwouldbecloselylinkedtotheoverallprojectstudyorganiza-tionandperformfunctionswhichwillbeanessentialpartofthestudytask.Itwillserve,however,theowners'controlgroupdirectlyinprovidingthebasisforassessmentanddecisiononmanyissueshavinganimpactontheproject.Thissubtaskwillcontinueduringthepost-applicationphaseofthework.(d)ScheduleWeeks52through130.5-341 Subtask11.03-AlternativePowerSourceRiskAnalysis(a)ObjectiveToexamineuncertaintywithanemphasisonrelativedifferencesdependentuponelectricitysourcepatterns;identifykeyuncertaintydifferencesandkeyinterdependencies;andifnecessary,quantifyuncertaintydifferencesandtheirinterdependencies;establishthevalidityofkeyassumptions;andassessviablelevelsofriskintermsoftheStateofAlaska'selectricpowergenerationmix.(b)ApproachAcreswillcoordinatetheassessment.Inputwillbeobtainedfrompersonnelresponsibleforeachstudycomponent,APAsourcedocumentsandtheirauthors,relatedreports,andrelatedgeneralliterature.Establishedcross-impactanalysistechniqueswillberecastinthegeneralriskanalysisframeworkdevelopedbyAcrestoestablishpoten-tialvariationrangesconditionaluponthevaluesofotherkeyvariables.Thekeydifferenceisthetreatmentoftimeasacontinuousprocessratherthanaseriesofevents.Toconsidertheserelation-ships,wewillidentifythereasonsforpotentia1variations,concen-tratingonbroadlydefinedreasonswhichhavedifferenteffectsuponeachofseveralsourcemixes.Forexample,alternativegrowthratesdevelopedunderTask1,PowerStudies,willberelatedtotwoorthreedifferentratesoffuelcostescalation.Simplefunctionalrelation-shipswillbeestablishedtoillustratekeyinterdependencies.AnumberofpowergenerationpatternswithandwithoutSusitnawillbeevaluatedintermsofasensitivityanalysisusingtheseconditionalrelationshipsbetweenextremes.IfthecasefororagainstSusitnaisnotclear,onexpectedcostgrounds,thesesimplerelationshipswillberefined,associateduncer-taintywillbequantified,andthevalidityofkeyassumptionswillbeestablishedtotheextentpossiblewithinbudgetextensionsnotconsideredinthisproposal.ExpectedfutureelectricpowercostriskrelationshipsforeachelectricpowergenerationpatternconsideredwillthenberelatedtotheneedfortheAPAtoavoidriskysituationsandmitigatetheeffectsofundesirablesituations.(c)DiscussionGeneralagreementontheextentofsuchdependencieswillnotbeeasilyobtained.However,itisakeyissuewhichshouldnotbeignored.Mostpeoplewillbesympathetictotheexistenceofsomedependence,andminimaldependencyassumptionsmaybeallthatisnecessarytoestablishaclearcase.Asimplebutrealisticinitialapproachisalowcostminimumriskapproach. Extensionmustbeassessedintermsofinitialresults.Providingconditionalestimateswi11beausefulaspectofassessingbaseestimates,andassociatedcostsforotherparticipantsareincorporatedintheirprovisions,withtheexceptionofWCC.Forrelatedreasons,noattempttocostAPAinputhasbeenmade.Expensesaccountfortheneedtoseekawidespectrumofexpertopinion.5-342Subtask11.03-AlternativePowerSourceRiskAnalysis(a)ObjectiveToexamineuncertaintywithanemphasisonrelativedifferencesdependentuponelectricitysourcepatterns;identifykeyuncertaintydifferencesandkeyinterdependencies;andifnecessary,quantifyuncertaintydifferencesandtheirinterdependencies;establishthevalidityofkeyassumptions;andassessviablelevelsofriskintermsoftheStateofAlaska'selectricpowergenerationmix.(b)ApproachAcreswillcoordinatetheassessment.Inputwillbeobtainedfrompersonnelresponsibleforeachstudycomponent,APAsourcedocumentsandtheirauthors,relatedreports,andrelatedgeneralliterature.Establishedcross-impactanalysistechniqueswillberecastinthegeneralriskanalysisframeworkdevelopedbyAcrestoestablishpoten-tialvariationrangesconditionaluponthevaluesofotherkeyvariables.Thekeydifferenceisthetreatmentoftimeasacontinuousprocessratherthanaseriesofevents.Toconsidertheserelation-ships,wewillidentifythereasonsforpotentia1variations,concen-tratingonbroadlydefinedreasonswhichhavedifferenteffectsuponeachofseveralsourcemixes.Forexample,alternativegrowthratesdevelopedunderTask1,PowerStudies,willberelatedtotwoorthreedifferentratesoffuelcostescalation.Simplefunctionalrelation-shipswillbeestablishedtoillustratekeyinterdependencies.AnumberofpowergenerationpatternswithandwithoutSusitnawillbeevaluatedintermsofasensitivityanalysisusingtheseconditionalrelationshipsbetweenextremes.IfthecasefororagainstSusitnaisnotclear,onexpectedcostgrounds,thesesimplerelationshipswillberefined,associateduncer-taintywillbequantified,andthevalidityofkeyassumptionswillbeestablishedtotheextentpossiblewithinbudgetextensionsnotconsideredinthisproposal.ExpectedfutureelectricpowercostriskrelationshipsforeachelectricpowergenerationpatternconsideredwillthenberelatedtotheneedfortheAPAtoavoidriskysituationsandmitigatetheeffectsofundesirablesituations.(c)DiscussionGeneralagreementontheextentofsuchdependencieswillnotbeeasilyobtained.However,itisakeyissuewhichshouldnotbeignored.Mostpeoplewillbesympathetictotheexistenceofsomedependence,andminimaldependencyassumptionsmaybeallthatisnecessarytoestablishaclearcase.Asimplebutrealisticinitialapproachisalowcostminimumriskapproach. Extensionmustbeassessedintermsofinitialresults.Providingconditionalestimateswi11beausefulaspectofassessingbaseestimates,andassociatedcostsforotherparticipantsareincorporatedintheirprovisions,withtheexceptionofWCC.Forrelatedreasons,noattempttocostAPAinputhasbeenmade.Expensesaccountfortheneedtoseekawidespectrumofexpertopinion.5-342 (d)ScheduleWeeks20through50Afterweek30DevelopmentofinitialconditionalrelationshipsandsensitivityanalysisbasedevaluationofalternativesExtensionandrefinementasnecessary,overlappingSubtask12.04ifnecessary.5-343(d)ScheduleWeeks20through50Afterweek30DevelopmentofinitialconditionalrelationshipsandsensitivityanalysisbasedevaluationofalternativesExtensionandrefinementasnecessary,overlappingSubtask12.04ifnecessary.5-343 Subtask11.04-SusitnaBasePlanInitialRiskAnalysis(a)ObjectiveToidentifyallrelevantrisksintermsofspecificproblemsassociatedwithspecificmajorcomponentsoftheprojectandkeyaspectsofthealternativepowersourceriskassessmentdevelopedinsubtask12.03;identifyallrelevantpreventativeandresponsivemeasuresfortheserisks;identifywhichrisksareminorgiveneffectiveresponses,andwhichneedfurtherattention;makeapreliminaryquantitativeassessmentofsomekeyconstructiontimerisks,andtheirrelationshipswithotherkeyprojectcostrisks,flaggingriskswhichareimportantbutbesttreatedasconditionswithrespecttothecurrentquantitativeanalysis;stimulateinformationflowbetweenplanninggroupswithrespecttolikelydeparturesfromthebaseplan;andstimulatedocumentationofproblemsandsolutionstothoseproblemsunderlyingthebaseplan.(b)ApproachAcreswillcoordinatetheassessment.Inputwillbeobtainedfromprojectpersonnelresponsibleforeachcomponent.ProceduresdevelopedbyAcreswillbeusedtoassessconstructiontimeriskasfollows:Risklistswillbeproduced,lab~llinganddescribingalltherelevantrisksallthoseinvolvedcanidentify.Responselistswillbeproduced,labellinganddescribingallrelevantresponsesassociatedwitheachrisk.Secondaryriskandresponselistswillbeproduced,consideringrisksassociatedwithresponses.Roughquantitativeassessmentofrisk/responsesequenceswillallowsomeriskstobeidentJfiedasminor,andnotworthfurtheranalysisatpresent.Stillusingrisk/responselists,responseswillbepartiallystruc-tured.Responsescommontomorethanoneriskwillbeidentified.Responseswillbepreferenceordered.Wherepossible,decisionrulesdefiningwhenresponseswouldbeusedwillbeidentified.Specialdiagramswillbeconstructedtosummarizetheaboveanalysisinasimpleform.Keybaseplanassumptionsandkeyassumptionsconcerningresponsestopotentialproblemswillbeidentified.Probabilitiesnecessarytoassesskeyassumptionswillbeestimated.Mostwi11beveryspecificconditionalprobabilities:forexample,whatistheprobabilityofXworkingdaysforaparticularactivityinaparticularmonth?5-344Subtask11.04-SusitnaBasePlanInitialRiskAnalysis(a)ObjectiveToidentifyallrelevantrisksintermsofspecificproblemsassociatedwithspecificmajorcomponentsoftheprojectandkeyaspectsofthealternativepowersourceriskassessmentdevelopedinsubtask12.03;identifyallrelevantpreventativeandresponsivemeasuresfortheserisks;identifywhichrisksareminorgiveneffectiveresponses,andwhichneedfurtherattention;makeapreliminaryquantitativeassessmentofsomekeyconstructiontimerisks,andtheirrelationshipswithotherkeyprojectcostrisks,flaggingriskswhichareimportantbutbesttreatedasconditionswithrespecttothecurrentquantitativeanalysis;stimulateinformationflowbetweenplanninggroupswithrespecttolikelydeparturesfromthebaseplan;andstimulatedocumentationofproblemsandsolutionstothoseproblemsunderlyingthebaseplan.(b)ApproachAcreswillcoordinatetheassessment.Inputwillprojectpersonnelresponsibleforeachcomponent.byAcreswillbeusedtoassessconstructiontimebeobtainedfromProceduresdevelopedriskasfollows:Risklistswillbeproduced,lab~llinganddescribingalltherelevantrisksallthoseinvolvedcanidentify.Responselistswillbeproduced,labellinganddescribingallrelevantresponsesassociatedwitheachrisk.Secondaryriskandresponselistswillbeproduced,consideringrisksassociatedwithresponses.Roughquantitativeassessmentofrisk/responsesequenceswillallowsomeriskstobeidentifiedasminor,andnotworthfurtheranalysisatpresent.Stillusingrisk/responselists,responseswillbepartiallystruc-tured.Responsescommontomorethanoneriskwillbeidentified.Responseswillbepreferenceordered.Wherepossible,decisionrulesdefiningwhenresponseswouldbeusedwillbeidentified.Specialdiagramswillbeconstructedtosummarizetheaboveanalysisinasimpleform.Keybaseplanassumptionsandkeyassumptionsconcerningresponsestopotentialproblemswillbeidentified.Probabilitiesnecessarytoassesskeyassumptionswillbeestimated.Mostwi11beveryspecificconditionalprobabilities:forexample,whatistheprobabilityofXworkingdaysforaparticularactivityinaparticularmonth?5-344 Theimplicationsofkeyassumptionswillbeexamined,firstinthecontextofspecificrisksforspecificactivities,graduallyatabroaderandbroaderlevel.Forexample,wewill assessthechanceofachievingtheplannedworkonaspecificactivityinaspecificseasoninrelationtooneortwokeyrisksfirst,thenlookatotherrisksandotherseasons.Wewillnotrelatedifferentactivitiesuntilwearesatisfiedwithassumptionscriticaltotheactivityitself.Avarietyofoutputformswillbeused,dependingonthequeStlonsbeingaskedoftheanalysis.Mostwillbecomparativeprobabilitydistributionrepresentations;forexample,theprobabilityoffinishingactivityYbymonthXgivenastartinMay,June,July,etc.Constructiontimeriskwillbesummarized,andconvertedtoconstruc-tioncostrisk.Othersourcesofconstructioncostriskwillbeconsideredinasimilarmanner,andlinkedtoproduceoverallconstructioncostprobabilityrepresentationsforconfidencelimitassessmentpurposes.Appropriateconfidencelimitassessmentwillbebasedonacomparisonofquantifiedrisksandnonquantifiedriskswhichmustbetreatedasconditions.Constructioncostriskanalysiswilltakeplaceinafixedtimeframestructure,unlikethePERTbasedanalysisusuallyemployed.Thatis,wewi11consideruncertaintyintermsof"howmuchworkcanweachieveinagiventime",insteadof"howlongwillittaketoachieveagivenamountofwork".Thisapproachmakesitmucheasiertoassessprobabi-lities,alwaysadifficulttask.Itfacilitatestheconsiderationofweatherwindowsandotherseasonaldependencies.Italsofacilitatesintegratingconstructioncostriskwithinflationandescalationstudiesatthispoint.Othersourcesofprojectriskwillbeconsideredqualitativelyinasimilarmanner,structuringrisksandresponsesvialistingproceduresandsimplesummarydiagrams.Computationproceduresarebasedonnumericalintegrationtechniquesinasemi-Markovprocessframework.Anotherkeyadvantageofthefixedtimeframeistheefficiencyandprecisionofthisapproachrelativetothemoreusualsimulationormoment-integrationanalyticalprocedures.AllaspectsoftheAcresapproachtoriskanalysishavebeenwidelyusedinthecontextoffault-treeandevent-treeanalysis,reliabilityanalysis,generalizedPERT,Markovprocessanddecision-treeanalysis.However,thewaywehaveintegratedtheseaspectsintoaproceduretestedinavarietyofapplicationareasisunique.Areasofapplicationoftheintegratedprocedureincludehydroprojects,thermalpowerprojects,arcticgaspipelines,offshoreNorthSeaoilpipelinesandplatformsandundergroundenergystorageprojects.(c)DiscussionTheeffortexpendedonriskanalysiscanbetailoredtoanavailablebudget.HOI/ever,itmustbeexpendedinasystematicmanner,and5-345Theimplicationsofkeyassumptionswillbeexamined,firstinthecontextofspecificrisksforspecificactivities,graduallyatabroaderandbroaderlevel.Forexample,wewill assessthechanceofachievingtheplannedworkonaspecificactivityinaspecificseasoninrelationtooneortwokeyrisksfirst,thenlookatotherrisksandotherseasons.Wewillnotrelatedifferentactivitiesuntilwearesatisfiedwithassumptionscriticaltotheactivityitself.Avarietyofoutputformswillbeused,dependingonthequestionsbeingaskedoftheanalysis.Mostwillbecomparativeprobabilitydistributionrepresentations;forexample,theprobabilityoffinishingactivityYbymonthXgivenastartinMay,June,July,etc.Constructiontimeriskwillbesummarized,andconvertedtoconstruc-tioncostrisk.Othersourcesofconstructioncostriskwillbeconsideredinasimilarmanner,andlinkedtoproduceoverallconstructioncostprobabilityrepresentationsforconfidence1imitassessmentpurposes.Appropriateconfidencelimitassessmentwillbebasedonacomparisonofquantifiedrisksandnonquantifiedriskswhichmustbetreatedasconditions.Constructioncostriskanalysiswilltakeplaceinafixedtimeframestructure,unlikethePERTbasedanalysisusuallyemployed.Thatis,wewi11consideruncertaintyintermsof"howmuchworkcanweachieveinagiventime",insteadof"howlongwillittaketoachieveagivenamountofwork".Thisapproachmakesitmucheasiertoassessprobabi-lities,alwaysadifficulttask.Itfacilitatestheconsiderationofweatherwindowsandotherseasonaldependencies.Italsofacilitatesintegratingconstructioncostriskwithinflationandescalationstudiesatthispoint.Othersourcesofprojectriskwillbeconsideredqualitativelyinasimilarmanner,structuringrisksandresponsesvialistingproceduresandsimplesummarydiagrams.Computationproceduresarebasedonnumericalintegrationtechniquesinasemi-Markovprocessframework.Anotherkeyadvantageofthefixedtimeframeistheefficiencyandprecisionofthisapproachrelativetothemoreusualsimulationormoment-integrationanalyticalprocedures.A11aspectsoftheAcresapproachtoriskanalysishavebeenwide1yusedinthecontextoffault-treeandevent-treeanalysis,reliabilityanalysis,generalizedPERT,Markovprocessanddecision-treeanalysis.However,thewaywehaveintegratedtheseaspectsintoaproceduretestedinavarietyofapplicationareasisunique.Areasofapplicationoftheintegratedprocedureincludehydroprojects,thermalpowerprojects,arcticgaspipelines,offshoreNorthSeaoilpipelinesandplatformsandundergroundenergystorageprojects.(c)DiscussionTheeffortexpendedonriskanalysiscanbetailoredtoanavai1ab1ebudget.HO\lever,itmustbeexpendedinasystematicmanner,and5-345 experiencesuggeststhatatthisstageinaproject'slifearelativelysimplequantitativeanalysiswillsufficeprovidedrisksandassociatedpreventativeandresponsivemeasuresarecarefullyidentified.Iftheyarenot,quantificationofrisksisrathermeaningless,becauseitisnotclearwhathasandhasnotbeenincluded.(d)ScheduleWeeks53through75Afterweek75Developinitialriskanalysisasbaseplanisdeveloped,includingquantitativeanalysistotestkeybaseplanassumptions.PrepareriskanalysisdocumentationforlicenseapplicationsUbmission.5-346experiencesuggeststhatatthisstageinaproject'slifearelativelysimplequantitativeanalysiswillsufficeprovidedrisksandassociatedpreventativeandresponsivemeasuresarecarefullyidentified.Iftheyarenot,quantificationofrisksisrathermeaningless,becauseitisnotclearwhathasandhasnotbeenincluded.(d)ScheduleWeeks53through75Afterweek75Developinitialriskanalysisasbaseplanisdeveloped,includingquantitativeanalysistotestkeybaseplanassumptions.Prepareriskanalysisdocumentationforlicenseapplicationsubmission.5-346 Subtask11.05-SusitnaBasePlanExtensionandRevision(a)ObjectiveTorevisethebaseplaninitialriskassessmentperiodicallyasthebaseplandevelops;explorekeyriskareasidentifiedearlier;assistwithbaseplandevelopmentasandwhennecessary;andrespondtoFERCrequestsforfurtheranalysis.(b)ApproachWithinthebasicframeworkestablishedinSubtask12.04,furtherspecificextensionsandrevisions.(c)DiscussionExperiencesuggestsriskanalysiscanbeextremely usefulatthisstageinaproject'sdevelopment,butitisdifficulttopredictwhatsortofissueswillbenefitfromfurtheranalysisuntilpreliminaryriskanalysisresultsareavailable.Costingisnecessarilyvagueatthisstage,butwebelievethefigurequotedshouldallowupdatingasnecessary,responsetoareaso~ablenumberofriskareasuncoveredearlierandassessmentofkeychangesproposedforthebaseplan.Thiseffortwillcontinueduringthepost-applicationphaseofthework.(d)ScheduleAsandwhennecessary.5-347Subtask11.05-SusitnaBasePlanExtensionandRevision(a)ObjectiveTorevisethebaseplaninitialriskassessmentperiodicallyasthebaseplandevelops;explorekeyriskareasidentifiedearlier;assistwithbaseplandevelopmentasandwhennecessary;andrespondtoFERCrequestsforfurtheranalysis.(b)ApproachWithinthebasicframeworkestablishedinSubtask12.04,furtherspecificextensionsandrevisions.(c)DiscussionExperiencesuggestsriskanalysiscanbeextremely usefulatthisstageinaproject'sdevelopment,butitisdifficulttopredictwhatsortofissueswillbenefitfromfurtheranalysisuntilpreliminaryriskanalysisresultsareavailable.Costingisnecessarilyvagueatthisstage,butwebelievethefigurequotedshouldallowupdatingasnecessary,responsetoareaso~ablenumberofriskareasuncoveredearlierandassessmentofkeychangesproposedforthebaseplan.Thiseffortwillcontinueduringthepost-applicationphaseofthework.(d)ScheduleAsandwhennecessary.5-347 Subtask11.06-SusitnaFinancingRiskAnalysis(a)ObjectiveTobuildonearlierriskanalysisconsiderationoffinancialissuesnotyetdeveloped,includingassessmentofcontractandinsurancearrangements,andanappropriatelevelofdirectandindirectI'insurancel'.(b)ApproachWithinthebasicframeworkestablishedinSubtask11.05,specificextensionsandrevisions,intermsofbothquantitativeandqualitativeanalysis.(c)DiscussionEarlierlistingandstructuringofrisksandresponsesisofgreatvalueatthisstage.Eachproposedcontractcanbeassessedagainstappropriatechecklistsofpotentialproblems,andcontractarrangementsorinsuranceswhichcoveranumberofdifferentsourcesofriskcanbedevelopedintoaneffectiveoverallriskmanagementpattern.Thissubtaskwillbeperformedinitsentiretysubsequenttosubmittaloflicenseapplication.(d)ScheduleFromlicen'seapplicationtobonding.5-348Subtask11.06-SusitnaFinancingRiskAnalysis(a)ObjectiveTobuildonearlierriskanalysisconsiderationoffinancialissuesnotyetdeveloped,includingassessmentofcontractandinsurancearrangements,andanappropriatelevelofdirectandindirectI'insurancel'.(b)ApproachWithinthebasicframeworkestablishedinSubtask11.05,specificextensionsandrevisions,intermsofbothquantitativeandqualitativeanalysis.(c)DiscussionEarlierlistingandstructuringofrisksandresponsesisofgreatvalueatthisstage.Eachproposedcontractcanbeassessedagainstappropriatechecklistsofpotentialproblems,andcontractarrangementsorinsuranceswhichcoveranumberofdifferentsourcesofriskcanbedevelopedintoaneffectiveoverallriskmanagementpattern.Thissubtaskwillbeperformedinitsentiretysubsequenttosubmittaloflicenseapplication.(d)ScheduleFromlicenseapplicationtobonding.5-348 Subtask11.07-ResolutionofTaxExemptBondIssue(a)ObjectiveToexplorealllegalmeanstosecuretax-exemptfinancingfortheSusitnaProjectandidentifyanddescribethosemeasureswhichmustbetakenineachcasetosecurethatend.Rankinorderpreferredapproachesintheeventmorethanonelegalmeansisidentified.Prepareareportsummarizingreasonstaxexemptfinancingisfoundtobeimpossibleintheeventnolegalmeansisidentified.(b)ApproachAmemorandumonfinancingconsiderationspreparedbySalomonBrothersisincludedinSectionCtothisPlanofStudy.Asnotedtherein,anumberofpossiblealternativesundertheIRSCodecanbeexplored.ThespecialrulesprovidedunderSection103ofTreasuryRegulationsforapplyingtradeorbusinesstestandsecurityinteresttesttobondsissuedtofinanceanelectricgeneratingfacilityownedandoperatedbyanexemptperson(inthiscase,theStateofAlaskaorapublicpowerauthority)willbeconsideredinaseriesofsequentialstepssummarizedasfollows:(1)ClassifytheanticipatedpurchasersofpowerfromtheSusitnaprojectintoexemptandnonexemptpersons.Forexample,munici-palitiessuchasAnchorageandFairbankswillbeexemptpersons,whereasprivateelectricalco-opswillbenonexempt.(2)Determinewhetheranyonenonexemptpersonwillcontracttotake,ortakeorpayfor,morethan25percentoftheprojectoutputoftheSusitnaproject.Ifthereissuchaperson,thenthetradeorbusinesstestismet.(3)Ifthereisnosuchperson,identifythenonexemptpersonswhowilleachpayannualguaranteedminimumpa~nentsexceeding3percentoftheaveragedebtserviceontheSusitnabonds.Thetradeorbusinesstestissatisfiediftheaggregateamountofpowerwhichthesepersonscontracttotake,ortakeorpa.'FDr,exceeds25percentoftheprojectoutputoftheSusitnaproject.(4)Ifthetradeorbusinesstestismet,totalthepaymentsthatwillbebothpledgedorusedtopaydebtserviceontheSusitnabondsandmadepursuanttothecontractsreferredtoineitherparagraph2or3above.Thesecurityinteresttestismetifthisaggregateamountexceeds25percentofthetotaldebtserviceontheSusitnabonds.IfitappearsthattheSusitnabondsmaybeindustrialdevelopmentbondsbecauseofthecommitmentsbynonexemptpersonstopurchasepower,considerationmaybegiventoalteringthemakeupofthegroupofpurchaserstoavoidthetradeorbusinesstestorseclTityinteresttest.Furtherdetailsareprovidedinthe5-349Subtask11.07-ResolutionofTaxExemptBondIssue(a)ObjectiveToexplorealllegalmeanstosecuretax-exemptfinancingfortheSusitnaProjectandidentifyanddescribethosemeasureswhichmustbetakenineachcasetosecurethatend.Rankinorderpreferredapproachesintheeventmorethanonelegalmeansisidentified.Prepareareportsummarizingreasonstaxexemptfinancingisfoundtobeimpossibleintheeventnolegalmeansisidentified.(b)ApproachAmemorandumonfinancingconsiderationspreparedbySalomonBrothersisincludedinSectionCtothisPlanofStudy.Asnotedtherein,anumberofpossiblealternativesundertheIRSCodecanbeexplored.ThespecialrulesprovidedunderSection103ofTreasuryRegulationsforapplyingtradeorbusinesstestandsecurityinteresttesttobondsissuedtofinanceanelectricgeneratingfacilityownedandoperatedbyanexemptperson(inthiscase,theStateofAlaskaorapublicpowerauthority)willbeconsideredinaseriesofsequentialstepssummarizedasfollows:(1)ClassifytheanticipatedpurchasersofpowerfromtheSusitnaprojectintoexemptandnonexemptpersons.Forexample,munici-palitiessuchasAnchorageandFairbankswillbeexemptpersons,whereasprivateelectricalco-opswillbenonexempt.(2)Determinewhetheranyonenonexemptpersonwillcontracttotake,ortakeorpayfor,morethan25percentoftheprojectoutputoftheSusitnaproject.Ifthereissuchaperson,thenthetradeorbusinesstestismet.(3)Ifthereisnosuchperson,identifythenonexemptpersonswhowilleachpayannualguaranteedminimumpa~nentsexceeding3percentoftheaveragedebtserviceontheSusitnabonds.Thetradeorbusinesstestissatisfiediftheaggregateamountofpowerwhichthesepersonscontracttotake,ortakeorpa.'FDr,exceeds25percentoftheprojectoutputoftheSusitnaproject.(4)Ifthetradeorbusinesstestismet,totalthepaymentsthatwillbebothpledgedorusedtopaydebtserviceontheSusitnabondsandmadepursuanttothecontractsreferredtoineitherparagraph2or3above.Thesecurityinteresttestismetifthisaggregateamountexceeds25percentofthetotaldebtserviceontheSusitnabonds.IfitappearsthattheSusitnabondsmaybeindustrialdevelopmentbondsbecauseofthecommitmentsbynonexemptpersonstopurchasepower,considerationmaybegiventoalteringthemakeupofthegroupofpurchaserstoavoidthetradeorbusinesstestorseclTityinteresttest.Furtherdetailsareprovidedinthe5-349 SalomonBrothersmemorandum.Assumingthatoneormoreapproachesarefoundtobepossible,eachwillbeevaluatedintermsoftheassociateddifficultiesandprobabilitiesofsuccessfuldefenseagainstchallengebyoronbehalfofregulatoryauthorities.AllreasonableapproacheswillberankorderedandtheapparentbestwillbedevelopedintoaseriesofexplicitmeasurestobetakenbytheState(includingrecommendationsforlegislationtobepassed),theAlaskaPowerAuthority,andothers.Intheeventthattaxexemptfinancingisfoundtobeimpossible,areportwillbeprepareddetailingthereasonsthatnoreasonableapproachcouldbefound.(c)DiscussionThequestionoftax-exemptiononinteresttobepaidonbondsissuedtofinancetheprojectisofextremeimportance,fortheoverallcostoftheprojectpowerandthetypeoffinancingplantobedevelopedhingeuponitsresolution.Soimportant,infact,isthisissuethatevenanegativereportshouldnotnecessarilyberegardedasafinalandirrevocablerulingonthematter.Indeed,giventheimportancewhichthefederalgovernmenthasnowattachedtodomesticenergyproduction(especiallyfromrenewableresources)itisnotinconceivablethatfederalregulatoryorstatutorychangescanbeachieved.Intheevent,however,thatnegativefindingsonthe taxexemptquestionareproducedandcannotbereversed,thefinancibilityoftheprojectwillnotthennecessarilybecomedoubtful.Thebestalternativetotaxexemptbondswillberecommendedbyanexperiencedprofessionalinvestmentbankingfirmwhosesuccessfulhistoricalparticipationinlargeprojectfinancingiswelldocumented.Legislationnowpendingcouldservetoresolvethisissueinfavoroftax-exemptionforbondsassociatedwithhydroelectricdevelopment.Intheeventthatthislegislationpasses,thelevelofeffortwillbereducedtothatamountnecessarytoensurecompliancewithnewlaws.(d)ScheduleWeeks30through52.Intermittentupdatesthereafter.5-350SalomonBrothersmemorandum.Assumingthatoneormoreapproachesarefoundtobepossible,eachwillbeevaluatedintermsoftheassociateddifficultiesandprobabilitiesofsuccessfuldefenseagainstchallengebyoronbehalfofregulatoryauthorities.Allreasonableapproacheswi11berankorderedandtheapparentbestwillbedevelopedintoaseriesofexplicitmeasurestobetakenbytheState(includingrecommendationsforlegislationtobepassed),theAlaskaPowerAuthority,andothers.Intheeventthattaxexemptfinancingisfoundtobeimpossible,areportwillbeprepareddetailingthereasonsthatnoreasonableapproachcouldbefound.(c)DiscussionThequestionoftax-exemptiononinteresttobepaidonbondsissuedtofinancetheprojectisofextremeimportance,fortheoverallcostoftheprojectpowerandthetypeoffinancingplantobedevelopedhingeuponitsresolution.Soimportant,infact,isthisissuethatevenanegativereportshouldnotnecessarilyberegardedasafinalandirrevocablerulingOnthematter.Indeed,giventheimportancewhichthefederalgovernmenthasnowattachedtodomesticenergyproduction(especiallyfromrenewableresources)itisnotinconceivablethatfederalregulatoryorstatutorychangescanbeachieved.Intheevent,however,thatnegativefindingsonthe taxexemptquestionareproducedandcannotbereversed,thefinancibilityoftheprojectwillnotthennecessarilybecomedoubtful.Thebestalternativetotaxexemptbondswillberecommendedbyanexperiencedprofessionalinvestmentbankingfirmwhosesuccessfulhistoricalparticipationinlargeprojectfinancingiswelldocumented.Legislationnowpendingcouldservetoresolvethisissueinfavoroftax-exemptionforbondsassociatedwithhydroelectricdevelopment.Intheeventthatthislegislationpasses,thelevelofeffortwillbereducedtothatamountnecessarytoensurecompliancewithnewlaws.(d)ScheduleWeeks30through52.Intermittentupdatesthereafter.5-350 Subtask11.08-IdentifyPartiesinInterest(a)ObjectiveToidentifypotentialcandidatestosharesomeofthedirectandindirectprojectrisksanddescribetheirpossibleinvolvements.(b)ApproachAsurveyofallorganizationsandentitieswithanypossibledirectorindirectrisksharinginvolvementwillbeaccomplished.Thesepartiesmightinclude,forexample,municipalelectricsystems,ruralelectriccooperatives,investorownedutilities,theAlaskaPowerAdministra-t ion,andothers.Aprofi1ewi11bedrawnupforeachandanassess-mentwi11bemadeastohowmuchofthetotalriskeachmaybeExpectedtoshareunderappropriatealternativescenariosandastohowsuchsharingcanreasonablybeaccomplished.(c)DiscussionThereareanumberofbasicprojectfinancingriskswhichmustbeaddressed.Theanalysis,assessment,and,whereappropriate,quantifi-cationoftheseriskswillbeaccomplishedunderSubtasks11.04through11.06.Financingrisksinclude:CostoverrunspriortocompletionLatecompletionandnon-completionPartialortotalpost-completionoutagesCustomerfailuretoprovideanticipatedcashflowsRegulatoryrisks,particularlyinsofarasnewregulationsaffecttheoperation(and,therefore,ofcourse,theprofitabilityand/orconsumercosts).Technologicalrisks,particularlyinsofarastheextenttowhichneworrelativelyunproventechnologymayincreasefinancingdifficulties.Giventheserisksandreasonablydetailedprofilesofpotentialrisksharingparties,itispossibletoconsideran'Jmberofalte'tnat.veparticipationscenarios.AssuccessiveitErationsofthEriskar'dlysiseffortsoccur,thepossibleinvolvementsofparties-in-interestarecorrespondinglyclarified.Anessentialfirststepinthispraces_,however,isthetaskofidentifyingandprofi1ingpotentia1cam.idates.Thus,thissubtaskprovidesanexplicitrecognitionofthatneed.(d)ScheduleWeeks10through305-351Subtask11.08-IdentifyPartiesinInterest(a)ObjectiveToidentifypotentialcandidatestosharesomeofthedirectandindirectprojectrisksanddescribetheirpossibleinvolvements.(b)ApproachAsurveyofallorganizationsandentitieswithanypossibledirectorindirectrisksharinginvolvementwillbeaccomplished.Thesepartiesmightinclude,forexample,municipalelectricsystems,ruralelectriccooperatives,investorownedutilities,theAlaskaPowerAdministra-t ion,andothers.Aprofi1ewi11bedrawnupforeachandanassess-mentwillbemadeastohowmuchofthetotalriskeachmaybeExpectedtoshareunderappropriatealternativescenariosandastohowsuchsharingcanreasonablybeaccomplished.(c)DiscussionThereareanumberofbasicprojectfinancingriskswhichmustbeaddressed.Theanalysis,assessment,and,whereappropriate,quantifi-cationoftheseriskswillbeaccomplishedunderSubtasks11.04through11.06.Financingrisksinclude:CostoverrunspriortocompletionLatecompletionandnon-completionPartialortotalpost-completionoutagesCustomerfailuretoprovideanticipatedcashflowsRegulatoryrisks,particularlyinsofarasnewregulationsaffecttheoperation(and,therefore,ofcourse,theprofitabilityand/orconsumercosts).Technologicalrisks,particularlyinsofarastheextenttowhichneworrelativelyunproventechnologymayincreasefinancingdifficulties.Giventheserisksandreasonablydetailedprofilesofpotentialrisksharingparties,itispossibletoconsideran~mberofalte,-nat.veparticipationscenarios.AssuccessiveitErationsofthEriskar'dlysiseffortsoccur,thepossibleinvolvementsofparties-in-interestarecorrespondinglyclarified.Anessentialfirststepinthisproces~,however,isthetaskofidentifyingandprofilingpotentialcanc.idates.Thus,thissubtaskprovidesanexplicitrecognitionofthatneed.(d)ScheduleWeeks10through305-351 Subtask11.09-RevenueAssuranceProcedures(a)ObjectiveTof'xploreillt"rn,1tiv('m('ilnCtorrnvici<',1dcqll,t!c','eVellll..-,1,"W'OIlC,"toprotectinvestorsagainsttheriskofdefault;developastrategyforsuccess.(b)ApproachForlargeenergyprojects,thenecessaryrevenueassurancemaybederivedfromademonstrationofdemandfortheprojectoutputandadequatecustomerandregulatorysupportofthepriceforthepower.DemonstrationofdemandcanbesatisfiedbypowersalescontractsbetweenAPAandtheimmediatecustomers(e.g.,municipalities,coopera-tives,militarybases,industrialplants,etc.).Weintendtoconsideranumberofalternativetypesofcommitmentsandmatchthemagainstimmediatecustomersidentifiedearlierinthegroupofparties-in-interest(seeSubtask11.08).CertainspecificcommitmenttypesaredescribedintheSalomonmemorandumintheAppendix.Theseincludetake-or-payobligations,take-and-payobligations,minimumpaymentobligations,andstep-upprovisions.Sincepriceregulationandotherregulatoryconstraintswouldneces-sarilyaffecttheproject,itisimportanttoincludediscussionswithallgovernmentalandregulatoryagenciesinthisexplorationofrevenueassurance.Inadditiontopowersalescontracts,guaranteesbytheStateorFederalgovernmentorotherswouldprovidefurtherassurances.Guaranteepossibilitieswillbeidentifiedandapreliminaryassessmentwillbemadeoftheprobabilityofacquiringthem.Anumberoffundswillberequired(including,forexample,"ReserveandContingencyFund"or"OperatingFund")toensureprotectionagainstunexpectedshortfalls.Eachsuchrequirementwillbeidentifiedalongwithitssource.Asafinalstepinthedevelopmentofrevenueassureprocedures,theapparentbeststrategyforsuccessfullyachievingthedesireddegreeofrevenueassurancewillbedescribedinareporttobepreparedasapartofthissubtask.(c)DiscussionThebasiccreditriskagainstwhichinvestorsattempttoprotectthemselvesistheriskofdefault.Theriskofdefaultliesintheborrower'sinabilitytomeetinterestandprincipalpaymentsonhisdebtobligationsinatimelyfashion.Adequaterevenueassuranceprotectstheinvestoragainstthisrisk.Itwillnotbesufficienttoconductaone-timestudyoftherevenueassuranceissueandthenassumetheresultswillcontinuetoremainvalidthroughoutthecourseofthefinancingeffort.Rather,a5-352Subtask11.09-RevenueAssuranceProcedures(a)ObjectiveTof'xploreillt"rn,1tiv('m('ilnCtorrnvici<',1dcqll,t!c','eVellll..-,1,"W'OIlC,"toprotectinvestorsagainsttheriskofdefault;developastrategyforsuccess.(b)ApproachForlargeenergyprojects,thenecessaryrevenueassurancemaybederivedfromademonstrationofdemandfortheprojectoutputandadequatecustomerandregulatorysupportofthepriceforthepower.DemonstrationofdemandcanbesatisfiedbypowersalescontractsbetweenAPAandtheimmediatecustomers(e.g.,municipalities,coopera-tives,militarybases,industrialplants,etc.).Weintendtoconsideranumberofalternativetypesofcommitmentsandmatchthemagainstimmediatecustomersidentifiedearlierinthegroupofparties-in-interest(seeSubtask11.08).CertainspecificcommitmenttypesaredescribedintheSalomonmemorandumintheAppendix.Theseincludetake-or-payobligations,take-and-payobligations,minimumpaymentobligations,andstep-upprovisions.Sincepriceregulationandotherregulatoryconstraintswouldneces-sarilyaffecttheproject,itisimportanttoincludediscussionswithallgovernmentalandregulatoryagenciesinthisexplorationofrevenueassurance.Inadditiontopowersalescontracts,guaranteesbytheStateorFederalgovernmentorotherswouldprovidefurtherassurances.Guaranteepossibilitieswillbeidentifiedandapreliminaryassessmentwillbemadeoftheprobabilityofacquiringthem.Anumberoffundswillberequired(including,forexample,"ReserveandContingencyFund"or"OperatingFund")toensureprotectionagainstunexpectedshortfalls.Eachsuchrequirementwillbeidentifiedalongwithitssource.Asafinalstepinthedevelopmentofrevenueassureprocedures,theapparentbeststrategyforsuccessfullyachievingthedesireddegreeofrevenueassurancewillbedescribedinareporttobepreparedasapartofthissubtask.(c)DiscussionThebasiccreditriskagainstwhichinvestorsattempttoprotectthemselvesistheriskofdefault.Theriskofdefaultliesintheborrower'sinabilitytomeetinterestandprincipalpaymentsonhisdebtobligationsinatimelyfashion.Adequaterevenueassuranceprotectstheinvestoragainstthisrisk.Itwillnotbesufficienttoconductaone-timestudyoftherevenueassuranceissueandthenassumetheresultswillcontinuetoremainvalidthroughoutthecourseofthefinancingeffort.Rather,a5-352 relativelycontinuousupdatingprocessisessential.Inthisregard,theprovisionofinvestmentbanker'sservicesbyafirmexperiencedinprovidingfinancialservicesforlargeprojectsisparticularlyimportant.Thissubtaskwillcontinueduringthepost-applicationphaseofthework.Thelevelof.effortshownincostsummarytablesincludesonlypre-applicationcosts.(d)ScheduleWeeks100through120.Subsequentscheduletobedetermined.5-353relativelycontinuousupdatingprocessisessential.Inthisregard,theprovisionofinvestmentbanker'sservicesbyafirmexperiencedinprovidingfinancialservicesforlargeprojectsisparticularlyimportant.Thissubtaskwillcontinueduringthepost-applicationphaseofthework.Thelevelof.effortshownincostsummarytablesincludesonlypre-applicationcosts.(d)ScheduleWeeks100through120.Subsequentscheduletobedetermined.5-353 Subtask11.10-LiaisonwithAPABondUnderwritingManagers(a)ObjectiveToprovideacontinuinginputasappropriatefromstudytasksofinformationanddatawhichmayhaveanimpactonfinancing;provideengineeringadvicetothefinancingmanagementgroup;andreporttotheProjectManageronanyissueswherefinancingconsiderationshaveanimpactontheevolutionoftheproject.(b)ApproachFinancingofamajorprojectsuchasSusitnawillcallforalevelofeffortandingenuitywellbeyondthatnormallyinvolvedinpublicworksundertakings.Experience(particularlyfromthe$1billionChurchillFallsProject)hasestablishedthebenefitinaparticularlycloserelationshipbetweentechnicallyorientedseniorstaffcloselyassociatedwiththeengineeringrelateddevelopmentoftheprojectandthefinancial,legal,insurance,economicandotherprofessionaladvisorsassembledbytheowner.TheleaderofthetaskforcecarryingtheresponsibilitiesunderSubtasks11.01and11.02willbeeminently~uitedandplacedtoprovidethisliaisonfunctionasanessentialpartofhisotherduties.(c)DiscussionInmajorprojects,theremustbecontinualemphasisonmultidisciplin-aryapproachestomostoftheimportantissuesthathavetoberesolved.Whencapitalinvestmentismoremodestandwheremanyprece-dentcasesareavailableforguidingdecisions,thedegreeofliaisonandinte.rlinkingofinterestscontemplatedheremightbeviewedasextravagant.However,itmaybesuggestedthattheexigenciesofevenlessambitiouscapitalworksexposedtoexcessivecostescalationandthemanyrisksimposedbycurrentpublicandpoliticalattitudescallforcloseknitcoordinationofallproject"intereststhroughouttheundertakingfromconcepttocompletion.Thetargetiscompletioninthemostefficientandcost-effectivewaypossibleandthestrictestlevelofadherencetoscheduleandbudgetthroughouttheproject.Theaimcanbemosteffectivelytakenbyclosecooperationbetweenallinterestsfromtheoutset.(d)ScheduleContinuousthroughthefullperiodofstudy.5-354Subtask11.10-LiaisonwithAPABondUnderwritingManagers(a)ObjectiveToprovideacontinuinginputasappropriatefromstudytasksofinformationanddatawhichmayhaveanimpactonfinancing;provideengineeringadvicetothefinancingmanagementgroup;andreporttotheProjectManageronanyissueswherefinancingconsiderationshaveanimpactontheevolutionoftheproject.(b)ApproachFinancingofamajorprojectsuchasSusitnawillcallforalevelofeffortandingenuitywellbeyondthatnormallyinvolvedinpublicworksundertakings.Experience(particularlyfromthe$1billionChurchillFallsProject)hasestablishedthebenefitinaparticularlycloserelationshipbetweentechnicallyorientedseniorstaffcloselyassociatedwiththeengineeringrelateddevelopmentoftheprojectandthefinancial,legal,insurance,economicandotherprofessionaladvisorsassembledbytheowner.TheleaderofthetaskforcecarryingtheresponsibilitiesunderSubtasks11.01and11.02willbeeminently~uitedandplacedtoprovidethisliaisonfunctionasanessentialpartofhisotherduties.(c)DiscussionInmajorprojects,theremustbecontinualemphasisonmultidisciplin-aryapproachestomostoftheimportantissuesthathavetoberesolved.Whencapitalinvestmentismoremodestandwheremanyprece-dentcasesareavailableforguidingdecisions,thedegreeofliaisonandinterlinkingofinterestscontemplatedheremightbeviewedasextravagant.However,itmaybesuggestedthattheexigenciesofevenlessambitiouscapitalworksexposedtoexcessivecostescalationandthemanyrisksimposedbycurrentpublicandpoliticalattitudescallforcloseknitcoordinationofallproject"intereststhroughouttheundertakingfromconcepttocompletion.Thetargetiscompletioninthemostefficientandcost-effectivewaypossibleandthestrictestlevelofadherencetoscheduleandbudgetthroughouttheproject.Theaimcanbemosteffectivelytakenbyclosecooperationbetweenallinterestsfromtheoutset.(d)ScheduleContinuousthroughthefullperiodofstudy.5-354 Subtask11.11-DraftDocumentationforBondOfferingSupport(a)Objective.ToreviewwiththeAuthority'sBondUnderwritingManagertherequire-mentsforsupportdocuments;prepareandissueoutlineindexandcontentspecificationsandallocatedresponsibilityforinput;prepare,editandproducesuccessivedraftdocumentsinparallelwithotherfindings,reports,etc,beingproducedinthelaterphasesoftheover-allstudy,andprepare"EngineersOpinions"tosupportcertificationoftheproject.(b)ApproachThroughoutthefinancingsupporttask,attentionwillbecontinuallyfocusedontheultimateobjectiveofasuccessfulbondissue.Verylargeprojectsrequiringfinancingatlevelsof$1billionormorecallforaparticularlyhighstandardofsupportdocumentationtobuildasufficientlevelofconfidenceintheinvestmentpotential.Managersofmajorfinancinginstitutionsarebecomingincreasinglysophisticatedintheirapproach,particularlytomajorprojects,andownersandunderwritingmanagersmustrespondtotheirmoreexactingrequirements.Weseethevitalimportanceofpreparinginputstothebondofferingsupportdocumentsasthestudyproceeds.Itisbeplannedthatdraftdocumentswillbeavailablebytheconclusionofthestudyandwillbeavailableforfurtherrefinementastheprojectproceedsthroughlicensingtoitsreleasedate.ThespecificapproachtobeadoptedwouldparallelthesuccessfulprecedentofChurchillFallsHydroelectricPowerDevelopmentwhichledin1968tothemarketin9of$550millioninFirstMortgagebonds.Whileinthiscaseworkwasheavilyconcentratedina3-monthperiodin1967andcontinuedatalesserlevelfor15months,thesupportmaterialsforSusitnashouldbemethodicallyassembledthroughoutthestudyperiodandpreparedindraftformwellinanticipationofanyoffering.AprovisionallistingofBondOfferingDocumentationissetoutinsubparagraph(ii)ofTask11above,andasummaryoftheobjectivesofeachoftheproposeddocumentsisshownonTableA5.9.(c)DiscussionItwillbeapparentfromtheprovisionallistingofdocumentsthatawiderangeofinterrelatedtopicsmustbeaddressed.Thiscallsforinputfromamultidisiplinarygroupofspecialistsandsensitivecoordinationofallmaterialintoacohesive,balancedandinterrelatedseriesofdocuments.Theseservetodemonstratethatallimportantquestionshave,infact,beenproperlyaddressedandthattheprojecthasahighlevelofoverallsecurityasaresult.Inviewofthelegalsignificanceofthesedocuments,the processofediting,approvalandpublicationwillrequirecloseworkingarrangementwiththeAuthority'scounsel,theunderwritingmanagers,5-355Subtask11.11-DraftDocumentationforBondOfferingSupport(a)Objective.ToreviewwiththeAuthority'sBondUnderwritingManagertherequire-mentsforsupportdocuments;prepareandissueoutlineindexandcontentspecificationsandallocatedresponsibilityforinput;prepare,editandproducesuccessivedraftdocumentsinparallelwithotherfindings,reports,etc,beingproducedinthelaterphasesoftheover-allstudy,andprepare"EngineersOpinions"tosupportcertificationoftheproject.(b)ApproachThroughoutthefinancingsupporttask,attentionwillbecontinuallyfocusedontheultimateobjectiveofasuccessfulbondissue.Verylargeprojectsrequiringfinancingatlevelsof$1billionormorecallforaparticularlyhighstandardofsupportdocumentationtobuildasufficientlevelofconfidenceintheinvestmentpotential.Managersofmajorfinancinginstitutionsarebecomingincreasinglysophisticatedintheirapproach,particularlytomajorprojects,andownersandunderwritingmanagersmustrespondtotheirmoreexactingrequirements.Weseethevitalimportanceofpreparinginputstothebondofferingsupportdocumentsasthestudyproceeds.Itisbeplannedthatdraftdocumentswillbeavailablebytheconclusionofthestudyandwillbeavailableforfurtherrefinementastheprojectproceedsthroughlicensingtoitsreleasedate.ThespecificapproachtobeadoptedwouldparallelthesuccessfulprecedentofChurchillFallsHydroelectricPowerDevelopmentwhichledin1968tothemarketin9of$550millioninFirstMortgagebonds.Whileinthiscaseworkwasheavilyconcentratedina3-monthperiodin1967andcontinuedatalesserlevelfor15months,thesupportmaterialsforSusitnashouldbemethodicallyassembledthroughoutthestudyperiodandpreparedindraftformwellinanticipationofanyoffering.AprovisionallistingofBondOfferingDocumentationissetoutinsubparagraph(ii)ofTask11above,andasummaryoftheobjectivesofeachoftheproposeddocumentsisshownonTableA5.9.(c)DiscussionItwillbeapparentfromtheprovisionallistingofdocumentsthatawiderangeofinterrelatedtopicsmustbeaddressed.Thiscallsforinputfromamultidisiplinarygroupofspecialistsandsensitivecoordinationofallmaterialintoacohesive,balancedandinterre1atedseriesofdocuments.Theseservetodemonstratethatallimportantquestionshave,infact,beenproperlyaddressedandthattheprojecthasahighlevelofoverallsecurityasaresult.Inviewofthelegalsignificanceofthesedocuments,the processofediting,approvalandpublicationwillrequirecloseworkingarrangementwiththeAuthority'scounsel,theunderwritingmanagers,5-355 TABLEA5.9ALASKAPOWERAUTHORITYSUSITNAHYDROELECTRICPOWERPRDJECTPROVISIONALLISTOFBONDOFFERINGSUPPORTDOCUMENTSA -PRIMARYDOCUMENTS1.PowerContracts2.EngineeringReport3.StatutoryAgreements,LegalApprovals/LandClaims4.SummaryofCorporateDocuments5.TechnicalAbstractandEngineer'sCertificate6.ConstructionCostEstimate5-356OBJECTIVESTooutlinethetermsandconditionsofsaleofthepowerandenergyoutputfromtheSusitnaProject.Toprovideacomprehensivestatement,insimplelanguage,regardingthephysicalnatureofthesite,thebasisofdevelopment,thedeterinationofenergyoutput,andadescriptionofallfacilities.Toprovideacomprehensiveassemblyofa11re1evantagreementsasfaraspossibleintheiroriginallayoutandform.ToprovideacomprehensiveassemblyofdocumentsrelatingtotheAlaskaPowerAuthorityandanyotherparticipantsintheproject.Tosummarizetheengineeringreport,constructioncostestimates,schedule,operatingandreplacementexpenditureestimates,andotherdocumentsleadingtofirmconclusionssupportedbyanEngineer'sCertificateofOpinionrelatingtooperation,costandschedule.Tosetoutthebasisoftheconstructioncostestimate,includingcontingencyprovisionsandtoprovidethenecessarydetailtoestablishanadequatelevelofcompletenessandconfidence.TABLEA5.9ALASKAPOWERAUTHORITYSUSITNAHYDROELECTRICPOWERPRDJECTPROVISIONALLISTOFBONDOFFERINGSUPPORTDOCUMENTSA -PRIMARYDOCUMENTS1.PowerContracts2.EngineeringReport3.StatutoryAgreements,LegalApprovals/LandClaims4.SummaryofCorporateDocuments5.TechnicalAbstractandEngineer'sCertificate6.ConstructionCostEstimate5-356OBJECTIVESTooutlinethetermsandconditionsofsaleofthepowerandenergyoutputfromtheSusitnaProject.Toprovideacomprehensivestatement,insimplelanguage,regardingthephysicalnatureofthesite,thebasisofdevelopment,thedeterinationofenergyoutput,andadescriptionofallfacilities.Toprovideacomprehensiveassemblyofa11re1evantagreementsasfaraspossibleintheiroriginallayoutandform.ToprovideacomprehensiveassemblyofdocumentsrelatingtotheAlaskaPowerAuthorityandanyotherparticipantsintheproject.Tosummarizetheengineeringreport,constructioncostestimates,schedule,operatingandreplacementexpenditureestimates,andotherdocumentsleadingtofirmconclusionssupportedbyanEngineer'sCertificateofOpinionrelatingtooperation,costandschedule.Tosetoutthebasisoftheconstructioncostestimate,includingcontingencyprovisionsandtoprovidethenecessarydetailtoestablishanadequatelevelofcompletenessandconfidence. 7.ConstructionScheduleandProjectExpenditureProgram8.Insuranceg.FinancingSummaryB -SUPPORTDOCUMENTS1.OverallProjectOrganization2.EngineeringReports(Construction)2.1-AccessandSitePreservation2.2-EnvironmentalStandards,MonitoringandControl2.3-QualityAssuranceandTestingPrograms5-357Toprovideaconcise,butdetai"led,descriptionoftheconstructionscheduleandprojectexpenditureprogramofallfacilitiesandcriticalpathnetworksofallsupportingactivitiesintheoerallconstructionplan.Tosetoutaconcisestatementofrisksduringconstructionandopera-tionwithanevaluationofthemaximumforeseeableloss.Toprovideasummaryofequity,debtandcompletionguaranteestandbyfinancingrequirementswithasche-duleofdrawdownstomeetconstruc-tionplans.OBJECTIVESToprovideasummaryofrelation-shipsofallcompaniesinvolvedintheprojectwithdetailsoforigins,responsibilitiesandcorporatestructures,supplementedwithorganizationchartsshowinglinesofreportingandauthority.Toprovideadetaileddescriptionofthearrangementsmadeforaccessandheavytransportationtotheprojectsitewithafullstatementofmeasurestakenforsitepreservationandavoidanceofdelayarisingfromenvironmentalconcern.Toprovideacomprehensivesummaryofallapplicablerequirements,responsesandreportsconcerningenvironmentalaspectsoftheprojectconstructionandoperation.Tosetoutqualityassurancedirec-tivesestablishedbytheAuthorityanddetailedevidencetodemonstratethemethodsbywhichthesewillbeachieved.7.ConstructionScheduleandProjectExpenditureProgram8.Insuranceg.FinancingSummaryB -SUPPORTDOCUMENTS1.OverallProjectOrganization2.EngineeringReports(Construction)2.1-AccessandSitePreservation2.2-EnvironmentalStandards,MonitoringandControl2.3-QualityAssuranceandTestingPrograms5-357Toprovideaconcise,butdetai"led,descriptionoftheconstructionscheduleandprojectexpenditureprogramofallfacilitiesandcriticalpathnetworksofallsupportingactivitiesintheoerallconstructionplan.Tosetoutaconcisestatementofrisksduringconstructionandopera-tionwithanevaluationofthemaximumforeseeableloss.Toprovideasummaryofequity,debtandcompletionguaranteestandbyfinancingrequirementswithasche-duleofdrawdownstomeetconstruc-tionplans.OBJECTIVESToprovideasummaryofrelation-shipsofallcompaniesinvolvedintheprojectwithdetailsoforigins,responsibilitiesandcorporatestructures,supplementedwithorganizationchartsshowinglinesofreportingandauthority.Toprovideadetaileddescriptionofthearrangementsmadeforaccessandheavytransportationtotheprojectsitewithafullstatementofmeasurestakenforsitepreservationandavoidanceofdelayarisingfromenvironmentalconcern.Toprovideacomprehensivesummaryofallapplicablerequirements,responsesandreportsconcerningenvironmentalaspectsoftheprojectconstructionandoperation.Tosetoutqualityassurancedirec-tivesestablishedbytheAuthorityanddetailedevidencetodemonstratethemethodsbywhichthesewillbeachieved. 2.4-SupportFacilities3.EngineeringReport(Operations)3.1-OperatingandReplacementExpenditures3.2-ChargeableCorporateExpenditures4.LaborAgreements5.PlanforAlaskanManpowerandProcurementContent6.RiskManagement6.1-RiskAnalysisandControl5-358Toprovideacomprehensivedescrip-t ionofallconstructionandoperationalsupportfacilitieswithdemonstrationoftheadequacyofthesetomeetprojectrequirements,includingcontingencies.Toprovidedetailsofthebasisofestimateformanningandoperatingofthepowerproject,andforthecontinuingmaintenanceplans.Tosetouttheestimatesofcorporateexpendituresincurredbytheauthoritywhichcanbelegitimatelychargedtooperations.Toreviewthelaborsituationonboththenationalandstatelevel,togetherwiththelegislativeframe-workunderwhichspeciallaboragreementsmaybeformed.Topro-videprecedentdataonexperiencewithmasterprojectlaboragree-ments.Toinc1udeastatementofintentforsuchagreementstoapplytotheproject,andtodemonstratetheimpactoftheseonprojectriskexposure.TopresentsufficientevidencetodemonstratethatthedesiredportionofAlaskancontentwillbeincorporatedintheoverallproject.Thissectionwilldescripeindetailtheoptimalresponsestoariskminimizationstudy,theorganizationofaformalriskmamagementteam,itspoliciesandmethodsofoperation.Itwillalsodescribereviewpoliciesandreportingsystemsdesignedtoensurecontinuousupdatingofbothriskidentificationandresponse.2.4-SupportFacilities3.EngineeringReport(Operations)3.1-OperatingandReplacementExpenditures3.2-ChargeableCorporateExpenditures4.LaborAgreements5.PlanforAlaskanManpowerandProcurementContent6.RiskManagement6.1-RiskAnalysisandControl5-358Toprovideacomprehensivedescrip-t ionofallconstructionandoperationalsupportfacilitieswithdemonstrationoftheadequacyofthesetomeetprojectrequirements,includingcontingencies.Toprovidedetailsofthebasisofestimateformanningandoperatingofthepowerproject,andforthecontinuingmaintenanceplans.Tosetouttheestimatesofcorporateexpendituresincurredbytheauthoritywhichcanbelegitimatelychargedtooperations.Toreviewthelaborsituationonboththenationalandstatelevel,togetherwiththelegislativeframe-workunderwhichspeciallaboragreementsmaybeformed.Topro-videprecedentdataonexperiencewithmasterprojectlaboragree-ments.Toinc1udeastatementofintentforsuchagreementstoapplytotheproject,andtodemonstratetheimpactoftheseonprojectriskexposure.TopresentsufficientevidencetodemonstratethatthedesiredportionofA1askancontentwi11beincorporatedintheoverallproject.Thissectionwilldescripeindetailtheoptimalresponsestoariskminimizationstudy,theorganizationofaformalriskmamagementteam,itspoliciesandmethodsofoperation.Itwillalsodescribereviewpoliciesandreportingsystemsdesignedtoensurecontinuousupdatingofbothriskidentificationandresponse. 6.2-RiskMinimization7.TaxationReport8.LegalReportg.ReviewofGiantProjects9.1-Financing9.2-ConstructionandEngineering10.AlternativeEnergySources5-359Toidentifyallriskstowhichtheprojectmaybesubjectedandplanresponsestothemwhichdemonstrablyreducethoseriskscollectivelyandindividuallytoaminimum.Theresidualriskfigurethusdeterminedisanimportantfactorindemonstratingthereliabilityandconfidenceleveloftheproject.Todealwiththeimpactofallaspectsoffederal,stateandlocaltaxationpertinenttotheproject.Todealwithallaspectsoflegislationandlegalrequirementsunderwhichtheprojectwillbeconstructed.Toidentifyanddescribeotherrelevantprojectfinancingtodemonstratetheadequacyandlogicoftheprojectapproach.TosummarizetheexperienceaccumulatedfrommajorNorthAmericancapitalprojectsinrelationtoachievementofengineeringcostestimatesandschedules.ToprovideacomprehensivereviewofalternativeenergygenerationmodesapplicabletoAlaska,withestimatesofdeliveredener9Ycostandlong-termreliabilityofsupply.6.2-RiskMinimization7.TaxationReport8.LegalReportg.ReviewofGiantProjects9.1-Financing9.2-ConstructionandEngineering10.AlternativeEnergySources5-359Toidentifyallriskstowhichtheprojectmaybesubjectedandplanresponsestothemwhichdemonstrablyreducethoseriskscollectivelyandindividuallytoaminimum.Theresidualriskfigurethusdeterminedisanimportantfactorindemonstratingthereliabilityandconfidenceleveloftheproject.Todealwiththeimpactofallaspectsoffederal,stateandlocaltaxationpertinenttotheproject.Todealwithallaspectsoflegislationandlegalrequirementsunderwhichtheprojectwillbeconstructed.Toidentifyanddescribeotherrelevantprojectfinancingtodemonstratetheadequacyandlogicoftheprojectapproach.TosummarizetheexperienceaccumulatedfrommajorNorthAmericancapitalprojectsinrelationtoachievementofengineeringcostestimatesandschedules.ToprovideacomprehensivereviewofalternativeenergygenerationmodesapplicabletoAlaska,withestimatesofdeliveredener9Ycostandlong-termreliabilityofsupply. legislativeinterestsintheStateofAlaska,andtheowners'manage-mentteam.Theeffortrequiresapainstakinglevelofprocessingofverylargeamountsofdataandmaterialandjustifiesitsassignmenttoourselectedteamwhichhasappropriatepriorexposuretothisfunction.ThelistofbondofferingsupportdocumentationasdisplayedinTableA5.9revealsthattherearegreatsimilaritiestodocumentationrequiredasexhibitstotheFERClicenseapplication(seeTask10).Thus,inmanycases,wewillusethesamedocumentationbothasanexhibitandasbondofferingsupportdocumentation.Inothers,itwillbenecessarytoreformatexhibitdatatomeetfinancingneeds.Totheextentpossible,however,bondofferingsupportdocumentationwillbedelayeduntilafterlicenseexhibitsareprepared.ThissubtaskwascontainedintheSeptember11versionofthePOSalongwithaschedulecommencinginthesixthmonthofthefeasibilitystudy.AsaresultofdiscussionswiththeAlaskaPowerAuthority,theproposedworkwillbedeferreduntilafterlicenseapplicationhasbeenaccomplished.AdescriptionoftherequiredeffortisretainedinthisversionofthePOSinordertoensureacompletedescriptionofthefinancingtask.(d)ScheduleCommenceafterlicenseapplicationandtobepresentedinaformforcontinuingeffortintosubsequentphasesoftheproject.5-360legislativeinterestsintheStateofAlaska,andtheowners'manage-mentteam.Theeffortrequiresapainstakinglevelofprocessingofverylargeamountsofdataandmaterialandjustifiesitsassignmenttoourselectedteamwhichhasappropriatepriorexposuretothisfunction.ThelistofbondofferingsupportdocumentationasdisplayedinTableA5.9revealsthattherearegreatsimilaritiestodocumentationrequiredasexhibitstotheFERClicenseapplication(seeTask10).Thus,inmanycases,wewillusethesamedocumentationbothasanexhibitandasbondofferingsupportdocumentation.Inothers,itwillbenecessarytoreformatexhibitdatatomeetfinancingneeds.Totheextentpossible,however,bondofferingsupportdocumentationwillbedelayeduntilafterlicenseexhibitsareprepared.ThissubtaskwascontainedintheSeptember11versionofthePOSalongwithaschedulecommencinginthesixthmonthofthefeasibilitystudy.AsaresultofdiscussionswiththeAlaskaPowerAuthority,theproposedworkwillbedeferreduntilafterlicenseapplicationhasbeenaccomplished.AdescriptionoftherequiredeffortisretainedinthisversionofthePOSinordertoensureacompletedescriptionofthefinancingtask.(d)ScheduleCommenceafterlicenseapplicationandtobepresentedinaformforcontinuingeffortintosubsequentphasesoftheproject.5-360 AddendumtoPlateTII.IAllreferencestoyearshouldbeincreasedbyone(e.g.,Mar.'80shouldbeMar.'8I,etc.)AddendumtoPlateTII.IAllreferencestoyearshouldbeincreasedbyone(e.g.,Mar.'80shouldbeMar.'8I,etc.) -----IIIITECHNICALI IMARKETINGIINSURANCEIILABORILEGALIIIIIINPUTSFROMSTUDYITEAMANDOTHER1AUTHORITIESIENVIRONMENTALIIECONOMICIIFINANCIALI ITRANSPORTATIONITAXPOLITICALIIII--IP.O.S.REVIEWEDBYDECISIONSPREPARETOPICALREPORTSA.P.A.ANDFINANCIALREACHEDONADVISORSOVERVIEWCONTENTFORMANAGEMENT/FINANCIALCONSIDERATIONJANSOJUN'SOTODEC'SIINPUTSFROM:TECHNICALFIRST[------------------ENVIRONMENTALPREPAREPROJECTOVERVIEWREVIEWANDDECIDEBONDUNDERWRITERS,MANAGER,'----CONTENTBONDOFFERINGECONOMICPROJECTOVERVIEWAVAILABLEFORDOCUMENTSPREPAREFORISSUEMARKETINGCOMMENTMAR'SOSEPT'SO------------------FINANCIALINSURANCE------TRANSPORTATION\DRAFTSUPPORTDOCUMENTATIONLABORFORBONDOFFERINGSUPPORTTAXSECOND------LEGALPROJECTOVERVIEWMAR'SITOJUL'S2ANDCONTINUINGPOLITICALAVAILABLEFORCOMMENTAPR'SISUBSEQUENTFINALDOCUMENTATIONFORPROJECTOVERVIEW\LICENSEAPPLICATIONISREPORTSISSUEDASSEMBLEDANDAPPLICATIONATAPPROXIMATELYTHIRDISFILEDWITHFERCSIXMONTHINTERNALSPROJECTOVERVIEWAVAILABLEFORCOMMENTDEC'SIALASKAPOWERAUTHORITYA~IRSUSITNAHYDROELECTRICPROJECTFOURTHPLANOFSTUDYPROJECTOVERVIEWAVAILABLEFORLOGICDIAGRAMCOMMENTJUL'S2PROJECTFINANCINGPROJECT:PLATE~CRESAMERlcANINCoRPoRATEDP5477.00TIl.I-----IIIITECHNICALI IMARKETINGIINSURANCEIILABORILEGALIIIIIINPUTSFROMSTUDYITEAMANDOTHER1AUTHORITIESIENVIRONMENTALIIECONOMICIIFINANCIALI ITRANSPORTATIONITAXPOLITICALIIII--IP.O.S.REVIEWEDBYDECISIONSPREPARETOPICALREPORTSA.P.A.ANDFINANCIALREACHEDONADVISORSOVERVIEWCONTENTFORMANAGEMENT/FINANCIALCONSIDERATIONJANSOJUN'SOTODEC'SIINPUTSFROM:TECHNICALFIRST[------------------ENVIRONMENTALPREPAREPROJECTOVERVIEWREVIEWANDDECIDEBONDUNDERWRITERS,MANAGER,'----CONTENTBONDOFFERINGECONOMICPROJECTOVERVIEWAVAILABLEFORDOCUMENTSPREPAREFORISSUEMARKETINGCOMMENTMAR'SOSEPT'SO------------------FINANCIALINSURANCE------TRANSPORTATION\DRAFTSUPPORTDOCUMENTATIONLABORFORBONDOFFERINGSUPPORTTAXSECOND------LEGALPROJECTOVERVIEWMAR'SITOJUL'S2ANDCONTINUINGPOLITICALAVAILABLEFORCOMMENTAPR'SISUBSEQUENTFINALDOCUMENTATIONFORPROJECTOVERVIEW\LICENSEAPPLICATIONISREPORTSISSUEDASSEMBLEDANDAPPLICATIONATAPPROXIMATELYTHIRDISFILEDWITHFERCSIXMONTHINTERNALSPROJECTOVERVIEWAVAILABLEFORCOMMENTDEC'SIALASKAPOWERAUTHORITYA~IRSUSITNAHYDROELECTRICPROJECTFOURTHPLANOFSTUDYPROJECTOVERVIEWAVAILABLEFORLOGICDIAGRAMCOMMENTJUL'S2PROJECTFINANCINGPROJECT:PLATE~CRESAMERlcANINCoRPoRATEDP5477.00TIl.I A.5.13-TASK12:PUBLICPARTICIPATIONPROGRAM(i)TaskObjectivesTokeepthepublicfullyinformedofplans,progress,andfindingsassociatedwithconductofthedetailedfeasibilitystudy,andtoprovideameanswherebythepublic(includingindividuals,publicandprivateorganizations,andvariousgovernmentagencies)caninfluencethecourseofthework.(ii)TaskOutputOutputsofthepublicparticipationprogramwillgenerallyinclude:Recordsoftheproceedingsofpublicmeetings,togetherwithwrittencommentsandproposedactionlistsderivedfrompublicinputsMonthlyprogressreportsRecordsoftheworkshopmeetings(tobemadeavailableuponrequestatthecostofreproductionandmailing)Recordsofdeliberationsofexternalenvironmentalandengineeringboards(tobemadeavailableuponrequestatthecostofreproductionandmailing)WrittenresponsestoindividuallettersofinquiryaddressedtotheprojectinformationofficeActionlists,togetherwithnotesastostatusofpendingactionsNewsreleasesAudioandvisualrecordingsDisplaystobesetupwithperiodicupdate.(iii)ListofSubtasks12.01OperateInformationOffice12.02ConductPublicMeetings12.03ConductWorkshops12.04Prepare,Publish,andDistributeInformationMaterials12.05PrepareandMaintainActionList(iv)SubtaskScopeStatementsThelogicdiagramatPlateT12.1providesabroadoverviewofthemannerinwhichthepublicparticipationprogramwillbeconducted.5-363A.5.13-TASK12:PUBLICPARTICIPATIONPROGRAM(i)TaskObjectivesTokeepthepublicfullyinformedofplans,progress,andfindingsassociatedwithconductofthedetailedfeasibilitystudy,andtoprovideameanswherebythepublic(includingindividuals,publicandprivateorganizations,andvariousgovernmentagencies)caninfluencethecourseofthework.(ii)TaskOutputOutputsofthepublicparticipationprogramwillgenerallyinclude:Recordsoftheproceedingsofpublicmeetings,togetherwithwrittencommentsandproposedactionlistsderivedfrompublicinputsMonthlyprogressreportsRecordsoftheworkshopmeetings(tobemadeavailableuponrequestatthecostofreproductionandmailing)Recordsofdeliberationsofexternalenvironmentalandengineeringboards(tobemadeavailableuponrequestatthecostofreproductionandmailing)WrittenresponsestoindividuallettersofinquiryaddressedtotheprojectinformationofficeActionlists,togetherwithnotesastostatusofpendingactionsNewsreleasesAudioandvisualrecordingsDisplaystobesetupwithperiodicupdate.(iii)ListofSubtasks12.01OperateInformationOffice12.02ConductPublicMeetings12.03ConductWorkshops12.04Prepare,Publish,andDistributeInformationMaterials12.05PrepareandMaintainActionList(iv)SubtaskScopeStatementsThelogicdiagramatPlateT12.1providesabroadoverviewofthemannerinwhichthepublicparticipationprogramwillbeconducted.5-363 Ingeneral,thisprogramhasbeenconstructedtoprovideaseriesofiterationswhicharestructuredforfeedback.PlateT12.2illustratestheprocess.Onacontinuingbasisthroughoutthecourseofthework,informationregardingprogress,preliminaryfindings,andplanrevisionswillbepublished;commentswillbesought;actionlistsincorporatingissuesandconcernswillbeprepared;theplanofstudywillbeupdated;andanewinformationpublicationwillbetriggered.Externalengineeringandenvironmentalboardswillprovideanindependentreviewaswellasarecourseintheeventthattheconsultant'sproposedactionsoractualeffortsareperceivedasunresponsivetoexpressedconcerns.Detaileddescriptionsofindividualsubtasksarecontainedinsucceedingparagraphs.ManagementofthePublicParticipationProgramwillbetheresponsibilityoftheAlaskaPowerAuthority.5-364Ingeneral,thisprogramhasbeenconstructedtoprovideaseriesofiterationswhicharestructuredforfeedback.PlateT12.2illustratestheprocess.Onacontinuingbasisthroughoutthecourseofthework,informationregardingprogress,preliminaryfindings,andplanrevisionswillbepublished;commentswillbesought;actionlistsincorporatingissuesandconcernswillbeprepared;theplanofstudywillbeupdated;andanewinformationpublicationwillbetriggered.Externalengineeringandenvironmentalboardswillprovideanindependentreviewaswellasarecourseintheeventthattheconsultant'sproposedactionsoractualeffortsareperceivedasunresponsivetoexpressedconcerns.Detaileddescriptionsofindividualsubtasksarecontainedinsucceedingparagraphs.ManagementofthePublicParticipationProgramwillbetheresponsibilityoftheAlaskaPowerAuthority.5-364 Subtask12.01-OperateInformationOffice(a)ObjectiveToprovideacentralpointforpublicaccesstoprojectinformation;provideacoordinatingagencyforprocessinginformationrequests,comments,andobjections;andprovidepositivecontrolformeetingscheduledinformationmilestones.(b)ApproachAssoonasworkcommencesonthefeasibilitystudy,aninformationofficewillbeopenedandapublicparticipationprojectofficerwillbedesignated.Theeffortwilldemandthefulltimeservicesoftheinformationofficerthroughouttheperiodduringwhichthestudyisconductedaswellasrequireadministrativesupportandtheparttimeassistanceofothersastheworkprogresses.Byprovidingthisvitallinkbetweenthepublicandthestudyteam,weexpecttoensurethatallinquiriesareanswered,thatnocommentsareignored,andthatanaggressiveinformationprogramiscarriedout.Itwillbethedutyoftheinformationofficertodesigntheformatofotherinformationactivities(publicmeetings,workshops,newspapertabloids,etc.)aswellasmakethenecessaryadministrativearrangements.ThepublicparticipationprojectofficerandassistantswillbeemployeesoftheAlaskaPowerAuthority.(c)DiscussionExperiencehasshownthatthetypicalprofessionalengineerisreluc-tanttosubjecthispreliminaryfindingstopublicscrutiny(andpossiblycriticism)untilhehasgatheredallofthedatahebelievesisnecessaryandhascheckedanddoublecheckedhisresults.Theexistenceofaninformationofficeandthedesignationofaninforma-tionofficerwillprovideameansforthepublictobekeptabreastofwhatistranspiringaswellaswhatisplanned.Dailycontactwithvariousprojectpersonnelwillallowtheinformationofficertodis-chargehisdutiesproperlyaswellasfreetheengineersandtheenvironmentalscientiststoconcentrateontheskillsatwhichtheyaremostadept.Itishighlyprobablethatperiodsoffreneticactivitywilloccurastheinformationprogramiscarriedout.Onsuchoccasions,weantic-ipateseekingtheassistanceofadditionallocallyhiredstafftoaugmentthenormalinformationstaff.Coordinationonaregularbasiswithagencieschargedbystatuteorbyexecutiveorderwithdirectinvolvement,orwithorganizationssuchasbulkrecipientsanddistributorsofelectricpower,willgenerallybeaccomplisheddirectlyattheappropriateactionlevelwithout5-365Subtask12.01-OperateInformationOffice(a)ObjectiveToprovideacentralpointforpublicaccesstoprojectinformation;provideacoordinatingagencyforprocessinginformationrequests,comments,andobjections;andprovidepositivecontrolformeetingscheduledinformationmilestones.(b)ApproachAssoonasworkcommencesonthefeasibilitystudy,aninformationofficewillbeopenedandapublicparticipationprojectofficerwillbedesignated.Theeffortwilldemandthefulltimeservicesoftheinformationofficerthroughouttheperiodduringwhichthestudyisconductedaswellasrequireadministrativesupportandtheparttimeassistanceofothersastheworkprogresses.Byprovidingthisvitallinkbetweenthepublicandthestudyteam,weexpecttoensurethatallinquiriesareanswered,thatnocommentsareignored,andthatanaggressiveinformationprogramiscarriedout.Itwillbethedutyoftheinformationofficertodesigntheformatofotherinformationactivities(publicmeetings,workshops,newspapertabloids,etc.)aswellasmakethenecessaryadministrativearrangements.ThepublicparticipationprojectofficerandassistantswillbeemployeesoftheAlaskaPowerAuthority.(c)DiscussionExperiencehasshownthatthetypicalprofessionalengineerisreluc-tanttosubjecthispreliminaryfindingstopublicscrutiny(andpossiblycriticism)untilhehasgatheredallofthedatahebelievesisnecessaryandhascheckedanddoublecheckedhisresults.Theexistenceofaninformationofficeandthedesignationofaninforma-tionofficerwillprovideameansforthepublictobekeptabreastofwhatistranspiringaswellaswhatisplanned.Dailycontactwithvariousprojectpersonnelwillallowtheinformationofficertodis-chargehisdutiesproperlyaswellasfreetheengineersandtheenvironmentalscientiststoconcentrateontheskillsatwhichtheyaremostadept.Itishighlyprobablethatperiodsoffreneticactivitywilloccurastheinformationprogramiscarriedout.Onsuchoccasions,weantic-ipateseekingtheassistanceofadditionallocallyhiredstafftoaugmentthenormalinformationstaff.Coordinationonaregularbasiswithagencieschargedbystatuteorbyexecutiveorderwithdirectinvolvement,orwithorganizationssuchasbulkrecipientsanddistributorsofelectricpower,willgenerallybeaccomplisheddirectlyattheappropriateactionlevelwithout5-365 interventionorinvolvementoftheinformationoffice.Evenso,theinformationofficerwillbeexpectedtoassumetheroleofexpediterinanycasewhereitcomestohisattentionthatrequiredcoordinationisnotbeingaccomplished.(d)ScheduleEntirestudyperiod.5-366interventionorinvolvementoftheinformationoffice.Evenso,theinformationofficerwillbeexpectedtoassumetheroleofexpediterinanycasewhereitcomestohisattentionthatrequiredcoordinationisnotbeingaccomplished.(d)ScheduleEntirestudyperiod.5-366 Subtask12.02-ConductPublicMeetings(a)ObjectiveToprovidewidelypublicizedopportunities,scheduledinadvanceinconvenientlocations,forpresentinginformationtothepublic,solicitingtheircommentsandconcerns,addressingtheirquestions,andinvolvingtheminthework;establishanofficialrecordofthesepublicparticipationmilestonesasthebasisforsubsequentidentifica-tionofspecificactionstobeincorporatedintofollow-onwork;andofferthebenefitofpublicreactionstotheviewsofindependentexternalenvironmentalandengineeringboardswhowillreviewtherecommendationsoftheprojectmanagersatcrucialmilestones.(b)ApproachPublicmeetingswillbescheduledforthethreefollowingdecisionpoints:(1)Nearthestartoftheworksothatthepublicmaybeinformedoftheplanofstudyandaffordedanopportunitytocommentonit.(2)Afteroneyear'sworkiscompleted,atwhichtimesufficientdatawillbeavailabletopermitrecommendationsastowhethertoproceed.Atthispoint,thepub1icwi11haveavailab1eforconsiderationariverbasin plan,acomprehensivealternativesstudy,aprogressreportonallstudyworkcompletedtodate,andanupdatedplanforworktobeundertakeninsucceedingyears.(3)AfterpreliminaryfindingsaredevelopedandinitialdraftsofallexhibitstobesubmittedwithlicenseapplicationtotheFederalEnergyRegulatoryCommissionareprepared.Ateachoftheabovemilestones,threeseparatepublicmeetingswi11beheldinatwo-weekperiod--oneeachatAnchorage,Fairbanks,andTalkeetna.Inaddition,atleastonemeetingwillbeheldinthePalmer/Wasillaarea.Informationtobeaddl'essedateachofthemeetingswillbemadeavailableatconvenientlyaccessiblepoints(e.g.,publicandschoollibraries)oratcosttothosewhowishtoacquirepersonalcopies.Ineachcase,brochuressummarizingprogress,futureplans,andproblemareaswillbepreparedanddistributedfreeofcharge.Awrittencommentperiodof30dayswillbeencouragedsothattheactionlistcanbeupdatedinthemosttimelymannerpossible.This30dayperioddoesnotinanywaylimitpubliccommentthroughoutthecourseofthework.Indeed,theinformationofficewillreceiveandacknowledgewrittenandoralinputsthroughouttheentirestudyperiod,andwillcoordinatethepreparationofentriesonactionlists.Thevalueoftherelativelybriefperiodforresponsetothepublicmeetingliesinmakingentriesontheactionlistasearlyintheplanning5-367Subtask12.02-ConductPublicMeetings(a)ObjectiveToprovidewidelypublicizedopportunities,scheduledinadvanceinconvenientlocations,forpresentinginformationtothepublic,solicitingtheircommentsandconcerns,addressingtheirquestions,andinvolvingtheminthework;establishanofficialrecordofthesepublicparticipationmilestonesasthebasisforsubsequentidentifica-tionofspecificactionstobeincorporatedintofollow-onwork;andofferthebenefitofpublicreactionstotheviewsofindependentexternalenvironmentalandengineeringboardswhowillreviewtherecommendationsoftheprojectmanagersatcrucialmilestones.(b)ApproachPublicmeetingswillbescheduledforthethreefollowingdecisionpoints:(1)Nearthestartoftheworksothatthepublicmaybeinformedoftheplanofstudyandaffordedanopportunitytocommentonit.(2)Afteroneyear'sworkiscompleted,atwhichtimesufficientdatawillbeavailabletopermitrecommendationsastowhethertoproceed.Atthispoint,thepub1icwi11haveavailab1eforconsiderationariverbasin plan,acomprehensivealternativesstudy,aprogressreportonallstudyworkcompletedtodate,andanupdatedplanforworktobeundertakeninsucceedingyears.(3)AfterpreliminaryfindingsaredevelopedandinitialdraftsofallexhibitstobesubmittedwithlicenseapplicationtotheFederalEnergyRegulatoryCommissionareprepared.Ateachoftheabovemilestones,threeseparatepublicmeetingswi11beheldinatwo-weekperiod--oneeachatAnchorage,Fairbanks,andTalkeetna.Inaddition,atleastonemeetingwillbeheldinthePalmer/Wasillaarea.Informationtobeaddl'essedateachofthemeetingswillbemadeavailableatconvenientlyaccessiblepoints(e.g.,publicandschoollibraries)oratcosttothosewhowishtoacquirepersonalcopies.Ineachcase,brochuressummarizingprogress,futureplans,andproblemareaswillbepreparedanddistributedfreeofcharge.Awrittencommentperiodof30dayswillbeencouragedsothattheactionlistcanbeupdatedinthemosttimelymannerpossible.This30dayperioddoesnotinanywaylimitpubliccommentthroughoutthecourseofthework.Indeed,theinformationofficewillreceiveandacknowledgewrittenandoralinputsthroughouttheentirestudyperiod,andwillcoordinatethepreparationofentriesonactionlists.Thevalueoftherelativelybriefperiodforresponsetothepublicmeetingliesinmakingentriesontheactionlistasearlyintheplanning5-367 processaspossible.Someentriesmayhavecostandschedulingimplicationsandtheseareaccommodatedmosteasilyduringtheearlystagesofplanning.(c)DiscussionThevalueandcomplexityoftheproposedprojectaswellasitslocationnecessarilydemandthorough--andalmostinevitably,voluminous--reports,calculations,datatabulations,andthelike.Whilesuchinformationwillbemadeavailableforpublicscrutinyeachtimeareasonablyseparablepackagehasbeenprepared,itisunlikelythattheaverageconcernedcitizenwillhavethetimeortheeducationandexperiencetoreadanddigestallofit.Thepublicmeetingaffordsanopportunityforeverycitizentolearnofwhatisplannedandwhathastranspired,aswellastooffercomment,advice,and/orcriticisminapublicforum.Tobesure,publicmeetingsaregenerallytoolarge(andtoodiverseininterestsrepresented)tomakethemefficientvehiclesforgeneratingcompromisesandcoursesofactionwhichbestmeetstudyobjectiveswhilesimultaneouslyaddressingkeyissuesraisedbyconflictinginterests.Weanticipatesatisfyingthelatterneedinpartbyschedulingandconductingworkshops.ThemeetingwillbeconductedbyateamconsistingofPowerAuthoritystaff,Acresstaff,andappropriatesubcontractorsontheAcresteam.Publicmeetingsaredesignedtobejustwhattheirnameimplies--anopportunityforthepublictobecomeawareofandinvolvedinthework.Theyareprimarilyheldtosatisfytheneedsofindividuals,thoughnoattemptwillbemadetostifletheinputsoforganizationsoragencies.Whilepublicinputsduringthemeetingandsubsequentwrittencommentperiodsarelikelytoincludesignificantnumbersofexpressionsofconcurrenceorofopposition,theresultswillnotberegardedasavote.Evenso,summaryrecordsoftherangeofreactionswillbemaintainedasapartoftherecordforlaterconsiderationduringFERChearingsandinterventions(ifthelatteroccur).(d)ScheduleWeeks10to12;52to54;120to1225-368processaspossible.Someentriesmayhavecostandschedulingimplicationsandtheseareaccommodatedmosteasilyduringtheearlystagesofplanning.(c)DiscussionThevalueandcomplexityoftheproposedprojectaswellasitslocationnecessarilydemandthorough--andalmostinevitably,voluminous--reports,calculations,datatabulations,andthelike.Whilesuchinformationwillbemadeavailableforpublicscrutinyeachtimeareasonablyseparablepackagehasbeenprepared,itisunlikelythattheaverageconcernedcitizenwillhavethetimeortheeducationandexperiencetoreadanddigestallofit.Thepublicmeetingaffordsanopportunityforeverycitizentolearnofwhatisplannedandwhathastranspired,aswellastooffercomment,advice,and/orcriticisminapublicforum.Tobesure,publicmeetingsaregenerallytoolarge(andtoodiverseininterestsrepresented)tomakethemefficientvehiclesforgeneratingcompromisesandcoursesofactionwhichbestmeetstudyobjectiveswhilesimultaneouslyaddressingkeyissuesraisedbyconflictinginterests.Weanticipatesatisfyingthelatterneedinpartbyschedulingandconductingworkshops.ThemeetingwillbeconductedbyateamconsistingofPowerAuthoritystaff,Acresstaff,andappropriatesubcontractorsontheAcresteam.Publicmeetingsaredesignedtobejustwhattheirnameimplies--anopportunityforthepublictobecomeawareofandinvolvedinthework.Theyareprimarilyheldtosatisfytheneedsofindividuals,thoughnoattemptwillbemadetostifletheinputsoforganizationsoragencies.Whilepublicinputsduringthemeetingandsubsequentwrittencommentperiodsarelikelytoincludesignificantnumbersofexpressionsofconcurrenceorofopposition,theresultswillnotberegardedasavote.Evenso,summaryrecordsoftherangeofreactionswillbemaintainedasapartoftherecordforlaterconsiderationduringFERChearingsandinterventions(ifthelatteroccur).(d)ScheduleWeeks10to12;52to54;120to1225-368 Subtask12.03-ConductAgencyCoordinationandPublicParticipationWorkshops(a)ObjectivesToprovidescheduledopportunitiesfordiscussion,coordination,achievingappropriateandacceptablecompromises,andingeneraladdressingtheneedsoforganizationsandagencieshavingparticularlystronginterestsinthecourseofthework;providethevehicleforinputsand advicefromparticularlyknowledgeab1erepresentativesofspecialinterestgroups,aswellasanopportunityfordialoguenotreadilyavailableatpublicmeetings;andprovidethepublicachancetoobservetheface-to-faceencountersandthediscussionsoccurringatworkshopsessions.(b)ApproachEightworkshopsareplanned,sixofwhicharescheduledinadvanceandtwoofwhicharereservedtoaddressissuesofopportunity.Eachsuchsessionmaylastthreedaysormoreandwillbedividedintoaseriesofsubsessionssothattimecanbesetasideforaddressingthespecialinterestsofthefollowinggroups:-UtilitiesintheSouthcentralRailbelt-Stateandfederalagencieschargedwithregulationandpreservationassociatedwiththeproject-Nativevillageswhoselandsorlivelihoodwillbeimpacted-Certainenvironmentalorganizations-OtherswithwhomcoordinationisneededBecausethecapabilitytoachievecompromisesdeterioratesasthenumberofparticipantsincreasesbeyondadozenorso,ACRESproposestorecommendamanageablenumberoforganizationstoAPAbaseduponanattempttoidentifyinterestsmostclearlyandsubstantivelyimpactedbytheproject.(Inthisregard,forexample,wewouldchoosearecognizedenvironmentalorganizationoperatinginAlaskaandconcernedspecificallyaboutprojectimpactsastheydirectlyaffecttheAlaskanenvironmentandtheAlaskanqualityoflifeoveranationalenvironmen-talorganizationwhoseobjectivesmaybeorientedtoward"national"interestsandwhoserepresentativeshavenotlivedinandmayseldomvisittheState).Eachworkshopsessionwillprobablylastthreedays.Thefirsttwodayswouldbefordiscussionandcoordinationwithutilities,stateandfederalagencies,andnativevillages.ThisformatwillbedesignedbyACRES.Observationispossibleandisencouragedbythepublic.Evenso,oralcommentsandsuggestionsfromindividualobserversinatten-dancewillnotbesolicitedduringanysession.Formswillbeavail-able,however,forattendeestoexpresstheirviews.5-369Subtask12.03-ConductAgencyCoordinationandPublicParticipationWorkshops(a)ObjectivesToprovidescheduledopportunitiesfordiscussion,coordination,achievingappropriateandacceptablecompromises,andingeneraladdressingtheneedsoforganizationsandagencieshavingparticularlystronginterestsinthecourseofthework;providethevehicleforinputsand advicefromparticularlyknowledgeab1erepresentativesofspecialinterestgroups,aswellasanopportunityfordialoguenotreadilyavailableatpublicmeetings;andprovidethepublicachancetoobservetheface-to-faceencountersandthediscussionsoccurringatworkshopsessions.(b)ApproachEightworkshopsareplanned,sixofwhicharescheduledinadvanceandtwoofwhicharereservedtoaddressissuesofopportunity.Eachsuchsessionmaylastthreedaysormoreandwillbedividedintoaseriesofsubsessionssothattimecanbesetasideforaddressingthespecialinterestsofthefollowinggroups:-UtilitiesintheSouthcentralRailbelt-Stateandfederalagencieschargedwithregulationandpreservationassociatedwiththeproject-Nativevillageswhoselandsorlivelihoodwillbeimpacted-Certainenvironmentalorganizations-OtherswithwhomcoordinationisneededBecausethecapabilitytoachievecompromisesdeterioratesasthenumberofparticipantsincreasesbeyondadozenorso,ACRESproposestorecommendamanageablenumberoforganizationstoAPAbaseduponanattempttoidentifyinterestsmostclearlyandsubstantivelyimpactedbytheproject.(Inthisregard,forexample,wewouldchoosearecognizedenvironmentalorganizationoperatinginAlaskaandconcernedspecificallyaboutprojectimpactsastheydirectlyaffecttheAlaskanenvironmentandtheAlaskanqualityoflifeoveranationalenvironmen-talorganizationwhoseobjectivesmaybeorientedtoward"national"interestsandwhoserepresentativeshavenotlivedinandmayseldomvisittheState).Eachworkshopsessionwillprobablylastthreedays.Thefirsttwodayswouldbefordiscussionandcoordinationwithutilities,stateandfederalagencies,andnativevillages.ThisformatwillbedesignedbyACRES.Observationispossibleandisencouragedbythepublic.Evenso,oralcommentsandsuggestionsfromindividualobserversinatten-dancewillnotbesolicitedduringanysession.Formswillbeavail-able,however,forattendeestoexpresstheirviews.5-369 Atleastthelastdayofaworkshopwillbefordiscussion,andforachievingappropriateandacceptablecompromiseswithenvironmentalorganizations.ThedesignofthisdaywillbebythepublicparticipationstaffofthePowerAuthority.Again,publicobservationispossibleandisencouraged.Subsequenttoeachworkshop,minutesofthemeetingswillbepreparedandpub1ished,andaction1istswi11beupdatedtoaccountforagreementsreachedduringthesessionaswellastoreflectimportantinputsfromvariousobservers.(c)DiscussionWhereaspublicmeetings(Subtask12.02)weredescribedasresponsivetotheparticipationneedsofindividuals,theworkshopsessionsaredesignedtosatisfygrouporagencyparticipationneeds.Thediffi-cultycomes,ofcourse,inselectionofproperparticipatinggroups.Wewillmakerecommendationsinthisregard,butthechoiceisproperlyonefortheStateofAlaska.ThuswewillrelyonAPAasthearbiterintheeventthatanyinterestedorganizationseeksrecoursefromproposedexclusion.Thereissomeslightdangerthatexposingworkshopsessionstopublicviewmayinhibitparticipantsandkeepthemfrom"lettingtheirhairdown."Inbalance,though,weregardthepublic'srighttoknowasthemoreimportantconsiderationandourcostsarederivedontheassump-tionthatreasonablylargefacilitieswillberequiredandthatasubstantialnumberofinterestedpersonswillobserveandwillexpressviewsontheformstobeprovided.Byregularlyschedulingmostoftheworkshops,wehopetoensurethatsurprisesareavoidedandthatboththeteamandsub-sessionpartic-ipantsarekeptfullyawareofeachother'sprogress.Giventhesheermagnitudeofthework,though,itisentirelypossiblethatunforeseeneventsofgreatconsequencefortheproposedprojectwilloccur.Twoworkshopsareincludedintheestimatedcoststoaccountforourperceptionthatcertainimportantnewissueswillneedtobeaddressedwhentheyariseratherthanatafuturescheduledmeeting.(d)ScheduleWeeks18,32,47,58,72,89,106.Twoadditionalweekstobescheduledduringthecourseofthestudy.5-370Atleastthelastdayofaworkshopwillbefordiscussion,andforachievingappropriateandacceptablecompromiseswithenvironmentalorganizations.ThedesignofthisdaywillbebythepublicparticipationstaffofthePowerAuthority.Again,publicobservationispossibleandisencouraged.Subsequenttoeachworkshop,minutesofthemeetingswillbepreparedandpub1ished,andaction1istswi11beupdatedtoaccountforagreementsreachedduringthesessionaswellastoreflectimportantinputsfromvariousobservers.(c)DiscussionWhereaspublicmeetings(Subtask12.02)weredescribedasresponsivetotheparticipationneedsofindividuals,theworkshopsessionsaredesignedtosatisfygrouporagencyparticipationneeds.Thediffi-cultycomes,ofcourse,inselectionofproperparticipatinggroups.Wewillmakerecommendationsinthisregard,butthechoiceisproperlyonefortheStateofAlaska.ThuswewillrelyonAPAasthearbiterintheeventthatanyinterestedorganizationseeksrecoursefromproposedexclusion.Thereissomeslightdangerthatexposingworkshopsessionstopublicviewmayinhibitparticipantsandkeepthemfrom"lettingtheirhairdown."Inbalance,though,weregardthepublic'srighttoknowasthemoreimportantconsiderationandourcostsarederivedontheassump-tionthatreasonablylargefacilitieswillberequiredandthatasubstantialnumberofinterestedpersonswillobserveandwillexpressviewsontheformstobeprovided.Byregularlyschedulingmostoftheworkshops,wehopetoensurethatsurprisesareavoidedandthatboththeteamandsub-sessionpartic-ipantsarekeptfullyawareofeachother'sprogress.Giventhesheermagnitudeofthework,though,itisentirelypossiblethatunforeseeneventsofgreatconsequencefortheproposedprojectwilloccur.Twoworkshopsareincludedintheestimatedcoststoaccountforourperceptionthatcertainimportantnewissueswillneedtobeaddressedwhentheyariseratherthanatafuturescheduledmeeting.(d)ScheduleWeeks18,32,47,58,72,89,106.Twoadditionalweekstobescheduledduringthecourseofthestudy.5-370 Subtask12.04-Prepare,Publish,andDistributeInformationMaterials(a)ObjectiveToensureprojectinformationismadeavailableonaregularandconvenientbasis;makeexplicitprovisionsforcommitmentofresourcesinsupportofastrongandaggressivepublicparticipationprogram;andsupporttheassemblageofaproperhistoricalrecordofthesequenceofeventsleadingtolicenseapplication,and,ifresultssoindicate,toeventualdesign,construction,andoperationofahydroelectricplant(s).(b)ApproachThissubtaskwillbeundertakento"translate"intoreadablelanguagethevarioustechnicalandscientificreportsproducedthroughoutthestudy.Graphicsandphotographswillbeusedtoenhancereadability.Specificeffortsincludethepreparation,publication,andappropriatedistributionofthefollowing:(1)Adescriptionofthemajor"players"involvedintheSusitnadecision.Theplayersarebothindividualsandgroups,formaldecisionmakersandinformal.Inordertoeffectdecisions,thepublicneedstounderstandwhoismakingthedecisionsandwhen.Thiseffortwillincludeinterviewswiththemajorplayers,andwrite-upsaccompaniedbyphotographs.(2)PlanofStudy.ThefullplanofstudyisseveralinchesthickanddescribesallstudiestobemanagedbyAcresoverthenexttwo-and-a-halfyears.Specifically,thetranslationofthisintoanoralpresentationwillbeusedatthefirstroundofpublicmeetings.Itwillalsobeusedwithnumerousinformalmeetingswithspecialinterestgroups.(3)DemandandLoadForecasts.ThepreliminaryreportisdueMarch1980fromISER,withthefinalreportinJune.ThePublicInformationOfficewilldraftalayversionoftheinformationinorderthatthepublicunderstandsthebasisofallfutureworkonalternatives.(4)AlternativesStudy.Themajoritemstobedefinedpreciselyforpublicunderstandingarethefollowing:5-371Subtask12.04-Prepare,Publish,andDistributeInformationMaterials(a)ObjectiveToensureprojectinformationismadeavailableonaregularandconvenientbasis;makeexplicitprovisionsforcommitmentofresourcesinsupportofastrongandaggressivepublicparticipationprogram;andsupporttheassemblageofaproperhistoricalrecordofthesequenceofeventsleadingtolicenseapplication,and,ifresultssoindicate,toeventualdesign,construction,andoperationofahydroelectricplant(s).(b)ApproachThissubtaskwillbeundertakento"translate"intoreadablelanguagethevarioustechnicalandscientificreportsproducedthroughoutthestudy.Graphicsandphotographswillbeusedtoenhancereadability.Specificeffortsincludethepreparation,publication,andappropriatedistributionofthefollowing:(1)Adescriptionofthemajor"players"involvedintheSusitnadecision.Theplayersarebothindividualsandgroups,formaldecisionmakersandinformal.Inordertoeffectdecisions,thepublicneedstounderstandwhoismakingthedecisionsandwhen.Thiseffortwillincludeinterviewswiththemajorplayers,andwrite-upsaccompaniedbyphotographs.(2)PlanofStudy.ThefullplanofstudyisseveralinchesthickanddescribesallstudiestobemanagedbyAcresoverthenexttwo-and-a-halfyears.Specifically,thetranslationofthisintoanoralpresentationwillbeusedatthefirstroundofpublicmeetings.Itwillalsobeusedwithnumerousinformalmeetingswithspecialinterestgroups.(3)DemandandLoadForecasts.ThepreliminaryreportisdueMarch1980fromISER,withthefinalreportinJune.ThePublicInformationOfficewilldraftalayversionoftheinformationinorderthatthepublicunderstandsthebasisofallfutureworkonalternatives.(4)AlternativesStudy.Themajoritemstobedefinedpreciselyforpublicunderstandingarethefollowing:5-371 -thealternatives-impactsofthealternativesontheenvironment-costsassociatedwithalternatives-socialconsequencesofalternatives.(5)ProgressReport.StudiesarebeingconductedbyAcres,bynumeroussubcontractorsofAcres,byseverallegislativecommittees,andbynumeroussubcontractsofthelegislativecommittee.AusefulprogressreportoftheentireSusitnaissueshouldincludereferencetoallstudies.ThecoordinationandtrackingofthelegislativestudiesisnotthedirectresponsibilityofthePowerAuthority.Evenso,theinclusionofthesestudies,andadescriptionofhowtheyrelatetotheACRESstudies,shouldbeapartoftheprogressreportinJanuary1981.ThisdocumentwillaccompanythealternativesstudyasoneoftwomajorpiecesavailabletothepublicpriortotheJanuary1981publicmeeting.Thepublicinformationofficewillmanagethetranslationoftheabovedocuments.ActualpreparationofthetechnicalreportsandoforalpresentationsbyAcreswillbeundertakenbytheappropriateteammemberresponsiblefortechnicaldetails.Inthecaseofspecialgraphics,subcontractswithAlaskanbusinesswillbesought.Outputsofthepublicparticipationprogramwillgenerallyinclude:-Recordsoftheproceedingsofpublicmeetings,togetherwithsubsequentwrittencommentsandproposedactionlistsderivedfrompublicinputs,-Monthlyprogressreports,-Recordsoftheworkshopmeetings(tobemadeavailableuponrequestatthecostofreproductionandmailing),Recordsofdeliberationsofexternalenvironmentalandengineeringboards(tobemadeavailableuponrequestatthecostofreproductionandmailing),-Writtenresponsestoindividuallettersofinquiryaddressedtotheprojectinformationoffice,-Actionlists,togetherwithnotesastostatusofpendingactions,-Newsreleases,-Audioandvisualrecordings,-Displaystobesetupwithperiodicupdate.5-372-thealternatives-impactsofthealternativesontheenvironment-costsassociatedwithalternatives-socialconsequencesofalternatives.(5)ProgressReport.StudiesarebeingconductedbyAcres,bynumeroussubcontractorsofAcres,byseverallegislativecommittees,andbynumeroussubcontractsofthelegislativecommittee.AusefulprogressreportoftheentireSusitnaissueshouldincludereferencetoallstudies.ThecoordinationandtrackingofthelegislativestudiesisnotthedirectresponsibilityofthePowerAuthority.Evenso,theinclusionofthesestudies,andadescriptionofhowtheyrelatetotheACRESstudies,shouldbeapartoftheprogressreportinJanuary1981.ThisdocumentwillaccompanythealternativesstudyasoneoftwomajorpiecesavailabletothepublicpriortotheJanuary1981publicmeeting.Thepublicinformationofficewillmanagethetranslationoftheabovedocuments.ActualpreparationofthetechnicalreportsandoforalpresentationsbyAcreswillbeundertakenbytheappropriateteammemberresponsiblefortechnicaldetails.Inthecaseofspecialgraphics,subcontractswithAlaskanbusinesswillbesought.Outputsofthepublicparticipationprogramwillgenerallyinclude:-Recordsoftheproceedingsofpublicmeetings,togetherwithsubsequentwrittencommentsandproposedactionlistsderivedfrompublicinputs,-Monthlyprogressreports,-Recordsoftheworkshopmeetings(tobemadeavailableuponrequestatthecostofreproductionandmailing),Recordsofdeliberationsofexternalenvironmentalandengineeringboards(tobemadeavailableuponrequestatthecostofreproductionandmailing),-Writtenresponsestoindividuallettersofinquiryaddressedtotheprojectinformationoffice,-Actionlists,togetherwithnotesastostatusofpendingactions,-Newsreleases,-Audioandvisualrecordings,-Displaystobesetupwithperiodicupdate.5-372 Thecostsofsuchanextensiveeffortarenotinconsequential.Thus,certaindistributioncategorieswillbeestablishedasfollows:-Extensivedistribution,freetothepublic,ofsummarydatasuchasinformationbrochuresandpamplets,-Widedistributionplan,alternative(e.g.,libraries)atcost),ofbulkyorvoluminousmaterials(suchasbasinstudy)tostrategicallylocatedinformationcenters(Requestsforindividualcopieswillbefulfilled-Pinpointtargetdistributionofmaterialsforpublicationbyothers(newspaper,magazines,etc.)atnocosttotherecipient,-Satisfactionofinformationrequests atcostforvariousintermediatereportsanddatacollectionsnotnormallyroutinelydistributed.Weanticipateawardingoneormoresubcontracts(forprintingandbindinginformationmaterials)onacompetitivebasistoAlaskanfirms(unlessnocapacityisavailableinAlaskaatthetimeasubcontractisadvertisedorunlesscostsavingsof25percentormorecanbeotherwiseachieved).(c)DiscussionAkeyelementintheentireinformationpublicationprocessistimeli-ness.Thus,itwillbeimportanttoensurepertinentmaterialsareavailablesufficientlyfarinadvanceofvariousmeetingsandworkshopstopermitreviewpriortotheevent.Ourplanstoputtheentirepublicparticipationprograminthehandsofasinglemanagerandtodealexclusivelywithlocallyavailablesubcontractorsforlogisticalsupportoftheprogramwillcontributetooursuccessfulsatisfactionofthetimelydistributionproblem.Tomaximizereadabilitytothegeneralpublic,graphicsandphotographswillbeusedasmuchaspossibletohelpconveycomplexideasandtechnicalconcepts.Tomaximizecoveragewithoutincurringunreasonablecosts,weintendtoencouragetheuseofausterestandards.Anexceptiontothismightbethedecisiontodistributeinformationthroughtheprintingofanewspapertabloidratherthanamorelimiteddistributionthroughphotocopyingandmailing.Inregardstoausterestandards,forexample,covers(wherenecessary)willbepaper;colorswillnotbeusedexceptwherenecessaryforclarityofaparticularmaporfigure;volumeswillbestapledratherthanspiralboundorglued,andavarietyofsimilarrestrictionswillbeenforced.(d)ScheduleThroughoutprojectperiod.5-373Thecostsofsuchanextensiveeffortarenotinconsequential.Thus,certaindistributioncategorieswillbeestablishedasfollows:-Extensivedistribution,freetothepublic,ofsummarydatasuchasinformationbrochuresandpamplets,-Widedistributionplan,alternative(e.g.,libraries)atcost),ofbulkyorvoluminousmaterials(suchasbasinstudy)tostrategicallylocatedinformationcenters(Requestsforindividualcopieswillbefulfilled-Pinpointtargetdistributionofmaterialsforpublicationbyothers(newspaper,magazines,etc.)atnocosttotherecipient,-Satisfactionofinformationrequests atcostforvariousintermediatereportsanddatacollectionsnotnormallyroutinelydistributed.Weanticipateawardingoneormoresubcontracts(forprintingandbindinginformationmaterials)onacompetitivebasistoAlaskanfirms(unlessnocapacityisavailableinAlaskaatthetimeasubcontractisadvertisedorunlesscostsavingsof25percentormorecanbeotherwiseachieved).(c)DiscussionAkeyelementintheentireinformationpublicationprocessistimeli-ness.Thus,itwillbeimportanttoensurepertinentmaterialsareavailablesufficientlyfarinadvanceofvariousmeetingsandworkshopstopermitreviewpriortotheevent.Ourplanstoputtheentirepublicparticipationprograminthehandsofasinglemanagerandtodealexclusivelywithlocallyavailablesubcontractorsforlogisticalsupportoftheprogramwillcontributetooursuccessfulsatisfactionofthetimelydistributionproblem.Tomaximizereadabilitytothegeneralpublic,graphicsandphotographswillbeusedasmuchaspossibletohelpconveycomplexideasandtechnicalconcepts.Tomaximizecoveragewithoutincurringunreasonablecosts,weintendtoencouragetheuseofausterestandards.Anexceptiontothismightbethedecisiontodistributeinformationthroughtheprintingofanewspapertabloidratherthanamorelimiteddistributionthroughphotocopyingandmailing.Inregardstoausterestandards,forexample,covers(wherenecessary)willbepaper;colorswillnotbeusedexceptwherenecessaryforclarityofaparticularmaporfigure;volumeswillbestapledratherthanspiralboundorglued,andavarietyofsimilarrestrictionswillbeenforced.(d)ScheduleThroughoutprojectperiod.5-373 Subtask12.05-PrepareandMaintainActionList(a)ObjectiveToprovideapositivesystemforensuringallissuesareaddressed;permitup-to-datestatusreportsonprogressandproceduresfor.addressingissues;andensurethatallnecessaryactionsarisingfromthepublicparticipationprogramareassignedbynametoteammembers.(b)ApproachSubsequenttothefirstpublicmeeting,allcommentswillbereviewedandalistwillbedrawnupintheformofindividualactionssoughtbythepublic.TheactionlistwillbepreparedandmaintainedbytheAPApublicparticipationstaff.Theprojectmanagerwillreviewthelistandwillmarkcertainactionsasinappropriateforfurtherpursuit,togetherwithabriefnoteexplainingwhytherequestedactionwasrecommendedforrejection.Theactionlistwillthenbecompletedtoinclude,foreachapprovedaction,acontrolnumbertofacilitatetracking,thenameoftheteammemberresponsibleforcarryingitout,costandscheduleimplications(ifany),andatargetdateforcompletion.Oncethelistiscom-pleted,itwillbereviewedbyAPA,whowillaccepttherecommendationsoftheprojectmanagerorrevisethelistasappropriate.Additionalcolumnsonactionlistregisterswillbeavailabletoindicatestatus,topermitrecordingremarks,andtoindicatethenumberoftimestheparticularactionisrequestedbyvariousmembersofthepublic.Theactionlistwillbeupdatedmanuallyonaregularbasisaftereachsucceedingworkshoporpublicmeeting,ormoreoftenifsignificantnumbersofsubstantivecommentsarereceivedintheinformationoffice.(c)DiscussionAssumingourstudyplanisagoodone(andweareconvincedthatitis),itislogicaltoassumethatmostrequestedactionswillalreadyhavebeenprovidedfor.Insuchcases,ofcourse,neithercostnorscheduleimpactswillaccrueandthe"remarks"columnoftheactionlistwillnotethatthenecessaryworkisalreadyplanned.Evenso,apublicparticipationeffortisspecificallydesignedtoensurethatindividualconcernsareconsidered--anditfollowsthatsomenewideas,realconcernsorinnovativeapproacheswillbeearmarkedforconsideration.Wesuggestthattheproposedactionlistsystemisapositivemeansfordemonstratingtothepublicthattheirviewsarebeingcarefullyconsideredandthatpublicparticipationisnotbeingregardedasanecessaryeviltowhichlipservicemustbepaid.(d)ScheduleThroughoutprojectperiod.5-374Subtask12.05-PrepareandMaintainActionList(a)ObjectiveToprovideapositivesystemforensuringallissuesareaddressed;permitup-to-datestatusreportsonprogressandproceduresfor.addressingissues;andensurethatallnecessaryactionsarisingfromthepublicparticipationprogramareassignedbynametoteammembers.(b)ApproachSubsequenttothefirstpublicmeeting,allcommentswillbereviewedandalistwillbedrawnupintheformofindividualactionssoughtbythepublic.TheactionlistwillbepreparedandmaintainedbytheAPApublicparticipationstaff.Theprojectmanagerwillreviewthelistandwillmarkcertainactionsasinappropriateforfurtherpursuit,togetherwithabriefnoteexplainingwhytherequestedactionwasrecommendedforrejection.Theactionlistwillthenbecompletedtoinclude,foreachapprovedaction,acontrolnumbertofacilitatetracking,thenameoftheteammemberresponsibleforcarryingitout,costandscheduleimplications(ifany),andatargetdateforcompletion.Oncethelistiscom-pleted,itwillbereviewedbyAPA,whowillaccepttherecommendationsoftheprojectmanagerorrevisethelistasappropriate.Additionalcolumnsonactionlistregisterswillbeavailabletoindicatestatus,topermitrecordingremarks,andtoindicatethenumberoftimestheparticularactionisrequestedbyvariousmembersofthepublic.Theactionlistwillbeupdatedmanuallyonaregularbasisaftereachsucceedingworkshoporpublicmeeting,ormoreoftenifsignificantnumbersofsubstantivecommentsarereceivedintheinformationoffice.(c)DiscussionAssumingourstudyplanisagoodone(andweareconvincedthatitis),itislogicaltoassumethatmostrequestedactionswillalreadyhavebeenprovidedfor.Insuchcases,ofcourse,neithercostnorscheduleimpactswillaccrueandthe"remarks"columnoftheactionlistwillnotethatthenecessaryworkisalreadyplanned.Evenso,apublicparticipationeffortisspecificallydesignedtoensurethatindividualconcernsareconsidered--anditfollowsthatsomenewideas,realconcernsorinnovativeapproacheswillbeearmarkedforconsideration.Wesuggestthattheproposedactionlistsystemisapositivemeansfordemonstratingtothepublicthattheirviewsarebeingcarefullyconsideredandthatpublicparticipationisnotbeingregardedasanecessaryeviltowhichlipservicemustbepaid.(d)ScheduleThroughoutprojectperiod.5-374 SEEKCOMMENT1IPREPAREACTIONLISTPUBLISHINFORMATIONCOMPETENTREVIEWUPDATEPLANIIiIALASKAPOWERAUTHORITYSUSITNAHYDROELECTRICPROJECTPLANOFSTUDYFEEDBACKPROVISIONS--PUBLICPARTICIPATIONPLANACRESAMERICANINCORPORATED5-377PROJECT'P5477.00PLATE;T12.2SEEKCOMMENT1IPREPAREACTIONLISTPUBLISHINFORMATIONCOMPETENTREVIEWUPDATEPLANIIiIALASKAPOWERAUTHORITYSUSITNAHYDROELECTRICPROJECTPLANOFSTUDYFEEDBACKPROVISIONS--PUBLICPARTICIPATIONPLANACRESAMERICANINCORPORATED5-377PROJECT'P5477.00PLATE;T12.2 5-378•5-378• A.5.14-TASK13:ADMINISTRATION(i)TaskObjectivesTodevelopfortheAcresteamplans,policiesandproceduresthatwillsetforththebasicschemeforaccomplishingthePOS.(ii)TaskOutputThefollowingdocuments,reports,manuals,etc.willbeproducedasaresultofthistask:-DivisionofResponsibilitiesManual-FinancialControlProcedures-ProjectMasterSchedule--Updatesproducedasrequired-ScheduleControlSystem--Periodicreportingtomanagement-CostControlManual--Periodicreportingtomanagement-ManpowerLoadingSchedule--Updatedasappropriate-AccountingPoliciesandProceduresManual--Payrollreports--Accountspayablereports--Jobcostreports-DocumentationControlSystemManual(iii)ListofSubtasksCorporate13.01-PrepareDivisionofResponsibilityManual13.02-DevelopFinancialControlProceduresProjectControlSystem13.03-PrepareProjectMasterSchedule13.04-DevelopScheduleControlSystem13.05-DevelopCostControlSystem13.06-PrepareManpowerLoadingSchedule13.07-DevelopAccountingPoliciesandProceduresDocumentation13.08-PrepareDocumentationControlSystemOtherActivities13.09-Pre-projectPlanning13.10-CoordinationwithOtherAgencies13.11-ADF&GSupport(iv)SubtaskScopeStatementsAdministrativeprocedureswillbeidentifiedanddevelopedtoformtheelementsoftheprojectcontrolsystemthatwillprovidemanage-mentvisibilityandcontroloftheplanning,datagathering,design,engineering,andfinally,licenseapplication,portionsofthisPOS.Preparationofdocumentationcontrolprocedureswillassurethattheinformationsovaluabletocompletionofthepasmovessmoothlyandreliably.Certainadminstrativesupporteffortandpre-contractawardworkmustalsobeaccountedfor.5-379A.5.14-TASK13:ADMINISTRATION(i)TaskObjectivesTodevelopfortheAcresteamplans,policiesandproceduresthatwillsetforththebasicschemeforaccomplishingthePOS.(ii)TaskOutputThefollowingdocuments,reports,manuals,etc.willbeproducedasaresultofthistask:-DivisionofResponsibilitiesManual-FinancialControlProcedures-ProjectMasterSchedule--Updatesproducedasrequired-ScheduleControlSystem--Periodicreportingtomanagement-CostControlManual--Periodicreportingtomanagement-ManpowerLoadingSchedule--Updatedasappropriate-AccountingPoliciesandProceduresManual--Payrollreports--Accountspayablereports--Jobcostreports-DocumentationControlSystemManual(iii)ListofSubtasksCorporate13.01-PrepareDivisionofResponsibilityManual13.02-DevelopFinancialControlProceduresProjectControlSystem13.03-PrepareProjectMasterSchedule13.04-DevelopScheduleControlSystem13.05-DevelopCostControlSystem13.06-PrepareManpowerLoadingSchedule13.07-DevelopAccountingPoliciesandProceduresDocumentation13.08-PrepareDocumentationControlSystemOtherActivities13.09-Pre-projectPlanning13.10-CoordinationwithOtherAgencies13.11-ADF&GSupport(iv)SubtaskScopeStatementsAdministrativeprocedureswillbeidentifiedanddevelopedtoformtheelementsoftheprojectcontrolsystemthatwillprovidemanage-mentvisibilityandcontroloftheplanning,datagathering,design,engineering,andfinally,licenseapplication,portionsofthisPOS.Preparationofdocumentationcontrolprocedureswillassurethattheinformationsovaluabletocompletionofthepasmovessmoothlyandreliably.Certainadminstrativesupporteffortandpre-contractawardworkmustalsobeaccountedfor.5-379 Subtask 13.01-PrepareDivisionofResponsibilitiesManual(a)ObjectiveToestablishthebasic"Howwewillwork"rulesforthedurationofthePOS.(b)ApproachAcres/Moolincorporatelevelpersonnelwillprepareandreviewallinputtothismanualincluding:-Projectresponsibilitymatrix-Organizationcharts-Approvalauthorities-Specificdutiesandresponsibilitiesofindividuals/organizations-Descriptionofcontrolsystemsandhowtheywillbeused-CorrespondenceproceduresWewilldrawuponadepthofexpertisewithinbothorganizationsthathasbeengainedonothersimilarprojectstoproduceavaluableworkingtool.(c)DiscussionObviously,itisextremelyimportanttoestablishearlyintheproject,thebasicdocumentsthatwillbeusedtochartthecourseoftheprojectandprovideabasisforfuturestrategyandpolicydecisions.Theremotenessandsensitivityoftheprimeworklocationrequirethatthesepoliciesandproceduresbeclearlyunderstoodbyallfieldpersonnelinorderthattheworkeffortbeadvancedinatimelyandcosteffectivemanner.(d)ScheduleWeeks0through25-380Subtask 13.01-PrepareDivisionofResponsibilitiesManual(a)ObjectiveToestablishthebasic"Howwewillwork"rulesforthedurationofthePOS.(b)ApproachAcres/Moolincorporatelevelpersonnelwillprepareandreviewallinputtothismanualincluding:-Projectresponsibilitymatrix-Organizationcharts-Approvalauthorities-Specificdutiesandresponsibilitiesofindividuals/organizations-Descriptionofcontrolsystemsandhowtheywillbeused-CorrespondenceproceduresWewilldrawuponadepthofexpertisewithinbothorganizationsthathasbeengainedonothersimilarprojectstoproduceavaluableworkingtool.(c)DiscussionObviously,itisextremelyimportanttoestablishearlyintheproject,thebasicdocumentsthatwillbeusedtochartthecourseoftheprojectandprovideabasisforfuturestrategyandpolicydecisions.Theremotenessandsensitivityoftheprimeworklocationrequirethatthesepoliciesandproceduresbeclearlyunderstoodbyallfieldpersonnelinorderthattheworkeffortbeadvancedinatimelyandcosteffectivemanner.(d)ScheduleWeeks0through25-380 ,Subtask13.02-OevelopFinancialControlProcedures(a)ObjectiveTodevelopanddocumenttheproceduresusedtopaytheprojectcostsandtoestablishbudgetarycontrolprocedures.(b)ApproachAcres/MoolinwillworkdirectlywiththeappropriateAPApersonnelinorderthatanagreeduponplanforhandlingtheseproceduresbepre-paredearlyintheproject.Thefollowingsubjectswillbeaddressed:-Fundingofengineer--Cashadvances--Zerobalancebankaccounts-Payingprojectcosts--Byadvancesorzerobalanceaccounts--DirectlybyAPAafterverification-BudgetcontrolOriginalestimates--Basisformakingbudgetrevisions--Budgetchangeprocedures(c)DiscussionItisimportanttorecognizethatthedifficultsiteconditionsmaywellleadtosevereconstraintsonthefielddatagatheringopera-tions.Thepossibilityofexpanded/revisedinvestigativerequirementsthatmaybeimposed,eitherbydesignorotheroutsideinfluences(APA,Federal,environmental),shouldalsobeunderstood.Itisimportantthatclearproceduresbeinforcetohandlesucheventuali-ties.(d)ScheduleWeeks0through45-381,Subtask13.02-OevelopFinancialControlProcedures(a)ObjectiveTodevelopanddocumenttheproceduresusedtopaytheprojectcostsandtoestablishbudgetarycontrolprocedures.(b)ApproachAcres/MoolinwillworkdirectlywiththeappropriateAPApersonnelinorderthatanagreeduponplanforhandlingtheseproceduresbepre-paredearlyintheproject.Thefollowingsubjectswillbeaddressed:-Fundingofengineer--Cashadvances--Zerobalancebankaccounts-Payingprojectcosts--Byadvancesorzerobalanceaccounts--DirectlybyAPAafterverification-BudgetcontrolOriginalestimates--Basisformakingbudgetrevisions--Budgetchangeprocedures(c)DiscussionItisimportanttorecognizethatthedifficultsiteconditionsmaywellleadtosevereconstraintsonthefielddatagatheringopera-tions.Thepossibilityofexpanded/revisedinvestigativerequirementsthatmaybeimposed,eitherbydesignorotheroutsideinfluences(APA,Federal,environmental),shouldalsobeunderstood.Itisimportantthatclearproceduresbeinforcetohandlesucheventuali-ties.(d)ScheduleWeeks0through45-381 Subtask13.03-Prepare/UpdateProjectMasterSchedule(a)ObjectiveToestablishandmonitorthePOSscheduleshowingtherelativeschedulesofallfunctionalareas/organizations.(b)ApproachEachcompanywithintheAcresteamwillberesponsiblefortheidenti-ficationandschedulingofallthenecessarytasks/subtaskstocom-pletetheprojectinaccordancewiththeoverallobjectives.EachoftheseindividualscheduleswillthenbeconsolidatedintoatentativeProjectMasterSchedule,thebasisofwhichispresentedinthisPOSasPlateA7.1andA7.2.Theschedulewillbepresentedintwoseparateforms:-Barchartformat--Showingrelationtoprogressforeachindividualsubtask--Indicatingdatesofcriticalmilestones/decisions-TimebasedlogicdiagramshowingDecisionmilestonesReportsubmissionsLicenseapplicationsKeymeetingsSpecialpresentationsAsfinalreviewsbyAPAandothersdictatechangestothemasterschedule,itwillbeupdatedtoreflectthesechanges.Also,theProjectMasterSchedulewillbeupdatedthroughoutthelifeoftheprojecttoreflectthecompletionofthevariousstagesoftheprojectandthepossiblechangesrequiredbyearlycompletiondates,slippagesandothersituations/constraints.Acomputerizedschedulingsystemwillbeemployedforschedulecontrolpurposes.ThissystemwillbethatpresentedinPartC3ofthePOSorsimilar.(c)DiscussionAdequateidentificationofthecompletescopeofworkandathoroughunderstandingofpotentialconstraintsarethekeyelementstoestab-lishingarealisticschedule.ForthepurposesofthisPOS,itisassumedthatthemajorityoftheworkeffortwillbedirectedtowardseventualconstructionofWatanaandDevilCanyondams.Thisseemsalikelyprobability;however,unforeseeneventsmayexpandthescopeofworkateitherofthesetwositesorevenrequireadditionalworkatalternatesites.Althoughtheseoccurrencescannotbepredictedwithanyaccuracy,andthusnotscheduled,thereareanumberof"fall-back"positionsthatwillbedevelopedtoensureatimelycompletionofthework.Manyoftheseproblemscanbehandledbyearlyidentifi-cationofadditional/alternatepersonnelandequipment,largeroralternatecampfacilities,expansionof"off-season"operations,wherepossible,etc.(d)ScheduleWeeks0through4(Initialreview)Continuousupdateasrequired5-382Subtask13.03-Prepare/UpdateProjectMasterSchedule(a)ObjectiveToestablishandmonitorthePOSscheduleshowingtherelativeschedulesofallfunctionalareas/organizations.(b)ApproachEachcompanywithintheAcresteamwillberesponsiblefortheidenti-ficationandschedulingofallthenecessarytasks/subtaskstocom-pletetheprojectinaccordancewiththeoverallobjectives.EachoftheseindividualscheduleswillthenbeconsolidatedintoatentativeProjectMasterSchedule,thebasisofwhichispresentedinthisPOSasPlateA7.1andA7.2.Theschedulewillbepresentedintwoseparateforms:-Barchartformat--Showingrelationtoprogressforeachindividualsubtask--Indicatingdatesofcriticalmilestones/decisions-TimebasedlogicdiagramshowingDecisionmilestonesReportsubmissionsLicenseapplicationsKeymeetingsSpecialpresentationsAsfinalreviewsbyAPAandothersdictatechangestothemasterschedule,itwillbeupdatedtoreflectthesechanges.Also,theProjectMasterSchedulewillbeupdatedthroughoutthelifeoftheprojecttoreflectthecompletionofthevariousstagesoftheprojectandthepossiblechangesrequiredbyearlycompletiondates,slippagesandothersituations/constraints.Acomputerizedschedulingsystemwillbeemployedforschedulecontrolpurposes.ThissystemwillbethatpresentedinPartC3ofthePOSorsimilar.(c)DiscussionAdequateidentificationofthecompletescopeofworkandathoroughunderstandingofpotentialconstraintsarethekeyelementstoestab-lishingarealisticschedule.ForthepurposesofthisPOS,itisassumedthatthemajorityoftheworkeffortwillbedirectedtowardseventualconstructionofWatanaandDevilCanyondams.Thisseemsalikelyprobability;however,unforeseeneventsmayexpandthescopeofworkateitherofthesetwositesorevenrequireadditionalworkatalternatesites.Althoughtheseoccurrencescannotbepredictedwithanyaccuracy,andthusnotscheduled,thereareanumberof"fall-back"positionsthatwillbedevelopedtoensureatimelycompletionofthework.Manyoftheseproblemscanbehandledbyearlyidentifi-cationofadditional/alternatepersonnelandequipment,largeroralternatecampfacilities,expansionof"off-season"operations,wherepossible,etc.(d)ScheduleWeeks0through4(Initialreview)Continuousupdateasrequired5-382 SUbtask13.04-DevelopScheduleControlSystem(a)ObjectiveIdentifythenecessaryparameters,establishinformationgatheringsystemsandreportingmethodstoeliminateorminimizescheduleslip-pages.(b)ApproachAcresandMoolinpersonnelwillworkjointlytoaccomplishthefollow-ingtasksleadinguptoaworkingschedulecontrolsystem:-Eachdiscreteactivitywillbeenteredintoaweightedpercentcompletereportingsystem.- Abaselinescheduleforeachcategoryofworkshowingpercentcompleteversustimewillbeprepared.-Datagatheringproceduresandreportingformatsandlevelswillbeidentified.-Programswillbedevelopedtoaccomplishthefollowing:PinpointandanalyzeallscheduleslippageareasDeterminepotentialimpactofslippagesRecommendcorrectiveactionsForecastanticipatedcompletiondatesPerformregularreviewswithmanagement(c)DiscussionSchedulecontrolrequiresanaccurateandtimelyreportingofdataandthetimelyandcommittedreviewofdatabythosepersonnelresponsibleforcontrol.TheAcres/Moolinteamhasagreatdealofexperienceinthisregard,bothintheplanningofotherlargehydroelectricprojectsandinremotearcticenvironments.Theabilitytoidentifyscheduleproblemsatanearlystagehasbeendemonstratedonprojectsofequalorgreatercomplexity.Asintheactualschedulepreparationphase,'theconstraintsmustbeidentifiedearly,byworkingdirectlywithgovernmentagenciesandothers,tocontrolschedulessuccessfully.Theseagenciesandothersmustbewillingtoparticipate,acceptandcommitthemselvestothiseffort.Inaddition,thecostandbenefitsofconstraintsmustbedevelopedtoallowseniorAPAandgovernmentofficialstomakerationalgo/no-godecisions.(d)ScheduleWeeks2through1255-383SUbtask13.04-DevelopScheduleControlSystem(a)ObjectiveIdentifythenecessaryparameters,establishinformationgatheringsystemsandreportingmethodstoeliminateorminimizescheduleslip-pages.(b)ApproachAcresandMoolinpersonnelwillworkjointlytoaccomplishthefollow-ingtasksleadinguptoaworkingschedulecontrolsystem:-Eachdiscreteactivitywillbeenteredintoaweightedpercentcompletereportingsystem.- Abaselinescheduleforeachcategoryofworkshowingpercentcompleteversustimewillbeprepared.-Datagatheringproceduresandreportingformatsandlevelswillbeidentified.-Programswillbedevelopedtoaccomplishthefollowing:PinpointandanalyzeallscheduleslippageareasDeterminepotentialimpactofslippagesRecommendcorrectiveactionsForecastanticipatedcompletiondatesPerformregularreviewswithmanagement(c)DiscussionSchedulecontrolrequiresanaccurateandtimelyreportingofdataandthetimelyandcommittedreviewofdatabythosepersonnelresponsibleforcontrol.TheAcres/Moolinteamhasagreatdealofexperienceinthisregard,bothintheplanningofotherlargehydroelectricprojectsandinremotearcticenvironments.Theabilitytoidentifyscheduleproblemsatanearlystagehasbeendemonstratedonprojectsofequalorgreatercomplexity.Asintheactualschedulepreparationphase,"theconstraintsmustbeidentifiedearly,byworkingdirectlywithgovernmentagenciesandothers,tocontrolschedulessuccessfully.Theseagenciesandothersmustbewillingtoparticipate,acceptandcommitthemselvestothiseffort.Inaddition,thecostandbenefitsofconstraintsmustbedevelopedtoallowseniorAPAandgovernmentofficialstomakerationalgo/no-godecisions.(d)ScheduleWeeks2through1255-383 Subtask13.05-DevelopCostControlSystem(a)ObjectiveTodevelopthenecessarymanagementtoolsandcontrolsystemsformonitoring,reportingandcontrolofprojectcosts.(b)ApproachThecostcontrolsystemwillbedevelopedusingtheexpertiseofbothAcresandMoolinpersonnel.Provenmethodsusedonsimilarprojectswillbeemployedtoensurethataworkable,unencumberedsystemisestablished.Thefollowingstepswillbenecessary:Establishcostcontrolcenters.Theworkeffortwillbebrokendownintovariouselements,eachofwhichwillbecontrolledbyasinglemanager/supervisor.Thismanager/supervisorwillultimatelyberesponsibleforallcostsincurredinhisareaofresponsibility.EstablishaprojectCodeofAccounts.Thiswillbethelowestlevelofdetailutilizedbythecostandschedulecontrolsystem.TheCodeofAccountswillalloweasyidentificationandisolationofeachbasicworkelement.Prepareacostestimate,baseduponthecostestimatesforeachindividualtask/subtask,foreachcostcenter.Establishdatagatheringsystemsandreportingformatsandlevels.Bothmanhoursanddollarsexpendedwillbereportedforthecontrolperiodandthetotaltodate.Completioncostswillbeforecastandprojectedoverruns/underrunswillbetabulated.Aprogramwillbedevelopedto:-IdentifyandanalyzeallcostoverrunareasRecommendcorrectiveactionstoeliminateorminimizecostoverruns-Forecasttotalcostsandpotentialscopeofoverruns-Regularlyreviewwithmanagementallcostreports,analysesandrecommendations(c)DiscussionThecostcenterconceptisavalidoneandhasbeenusedsuccessfullyonothersimilarprojects.Thesuccessoftheprogramdependstoagreatextentupontheparticipation,acceptanceandcommitmentofthosemanagers/supervisorsidentifiedashavingcostcenterresponsi-bilities.Itrequiresacarefulselectionofpersonneltoensurethatcostsarecontrolled.ManyqualifiedpersonnelexistwithintheAcres/Moolinteamwhoarefamiliarwiththisconcept.5-384Subtask13.05-DevelopCostControlSystem(a)ObjectiveTodevelopthenecessarymanagementtoolsandcontrolsystemsformonitoring,reportingandcontrolofprojectcosts.(b)ApproachThecostcontrolsystemwillbedevelopedusingtheexpertiseofbothAcresandMoolinpersonnel.Provenmethodsusedonsimilarprojectswillbeemployedtoensurethataworkable,unencumberedsystemisestablished.Thefollowingstepswillbenecessary:Establishcostcontrolcenters.Theworkeffortwillbebrokendownintovariouselements,eachofwhichwillbecontrolledbyasinglemanager/supervisor.Thismanager/supervisorwillultimatelyberesponsibleforallcostsincurredinhisareaofresponsibility.EstablishaprojectCodeofAccounts.Thiswillbethelowestlevelofdetailutilizedbythecostandschedulecontrolsystem.TheCodeofAccountswillalloweasyidentificationandisolationofeachbasicworkelement.Prepareacostestimate,baseduponthecostestimatesforeachindividualtask/subtask,foreachcostcenter.Establishdatagatheringsystemsandreportingformatsandlevels.Bothmanhoursanddollarsexpendedwillbereportedforthecontrolperiodandthetotaltodate.Completioncostswillbeforecastandprojectedoverruns/underrunswillbetabulated.Aprogramwillbedevelopedto:-IdentifyandanalyzeallcostoverrunareasRecommendcorrectiveactionstoeliminateorminimizecostoverruns-Forecasttotalcostsandpotentialscopeofoverruns-Regularlyreviewwithmanagementallcostreports,analysesandrecommendations(c)DiscussionThecostcenterconceptisavalidoneandhasbeenusedsuccessfullyonothersimilarprojects.Thesuccessoftheprogramdependstoagreatextentupontheparticipation,acceptanceandcommitmentofthosemanagers/supervisorsidentifiedashavingcostcenterresponsi-bilities.Itrequiresacarefulselectionofpersonneltoensurethatcostsarecontrolled.ManyqualifiedpersonnelexistwithintheAcres/Moolinteamwhoarefamiliarwiththisconcept.5-384 ThemaincenterwillbeestablishedatAcresheadofficeinBuffalowhereestablishedin-houseprojectcost-controlsystemshavebeeninoperationformanyyears.AsecondarycenterwillbeestablishedintheproposedAcres'AnchorageofficeandappropriatelylinkedwiththeBuffalocenter.(d)ScheduleWeeks0through1255-385ThemaincenterwillbeestablishedatAcresheadofficeinBuffalowhereestablishedin-houseprojectcost-controlsystemshavebeeninoperationformanyyears.AsecondarycenterwillbeestablishedintheproposedAcres'AnchorageofficeandappropriatelylinkedwiththeBuffalocenter.(d)ScheduleWeeks0through1255-385 Subtask13.06-PrepareManpowerLoadingSchedule(a)ObjectiveToestablishamanpowerrequirementsscheduleforthedurationofthePOS.(b)ApproachThisschedulewillbeestablishedtocoordinateemployment,supportservicesandequipmentneeds.Asthemanpowerrequirementsforeachdiscreteelementofworkareidentified,theywillbeconsolidated,basedupontheProjectMasterSchedule,toproduceatabulationofmanpowerrequirementsversustimeandlocation.Inaddition,theequipmentneedstosupportthelevelofmanpowerrequiredwillbetabulatedinasimilarmanner.(c)DiscussionTheManpowerLoadingScheduleisastraightforwardtabulationandwillbeusedprimarilytodeterminethesizeandlocationofcamps.How-ever,campsizemustincludespacenotonlyfortheengineersfieldpersonnel,butalsoformanagement,governmentandtransientperson-nel.(d)ScheduleWeeks3through45-386Subtask13.06-PrepareManpowerLoadingSchedule(a)ObjectiveToestablishamanpowerrequirementsscheduleforthedurationofthePOS.(b)ApproachThisschedulewillbeestablishedtocoordinateemployment,supportservicesandequipmentneeds.Asthemanpowerrequirementsforeachdiscreteelementofworkareidentified,theywillbeconsolidated,basedupontheProjectMasterSchedule,toproduceatabulationofmanpowerrequirementsversustimeandlocation.Inaddition,theequipmentneedstosupportthelevelofmanpowerrequiredwillbetabulatedinasimilarmanner.(c)DiscussionTheManpowerLoadingScheduleisastraightforwardtabulationandwillbeusedprimarilytodeterminethesizeandlocationofcamps.How-ever,campsizemustincludespacenotonlyfortheengineersfieldpersonnel,butalsoformanagement,governmentandtransientperson-nel.(d)ScheduleWeeks3through45-386 Subtask13.07-DevelopAccountingPolicies&Procedures(a)ObjectiveTodevelopandimplementthenecessaryaccountingpoliciesandprocedurestosatisfyprojectrequirementsandsupportadministrativecontrolsystems.(b)ApproachAcresandMoolinpersonnelwillworktogethertoidentifytheprojectaccountingrequirementsthatwillsatisfytheneedsofAPAandotheragenciesinvolved,projectcontrol,procurementandtaxaspectsoftheproject.Theinput/outputrequirementswillbeidentifiedandappro-priatesystemswillbedevelopedtoprovidetherequiredoutput.Ten-tatively,allactivitiesoccurringinAlaska,bothinthefieldandlocalprojectoffices,willbeprocessedbyAcres'AnchorageofficepersonnelwiththebackupassistanceoftheofficesofFrankMoolin&AssociatesinFairbanksandAcres'Buffalofacilities.Activitiesoccurringinthecorporate/designofficesofAcresAmericanwillbehandledbycomputercapabilityfromtheBuffalo,NewYorkoffices.Writtenaccountingprocedureswillbepreparedandissuedassoonaspossibleaftercontractawardtocoverthefollowingareas:-Generalaccounting-Accountspayable-Billings-Invoicing-Internalcontrol-Auditing-Banking-Expenseaccounts(c)DiscussionSincemuchoftheaccounLlnginputoriginatesfromremotefieldlocations,itisimperativethattimelyandaccuratetransmittalofdatabemaintained.Itwillbetheresponsibilityoftheindividualfieldsupervisorsandthefieldprojectmanagertoreviewallinputpriortotransmittaltotheprocessingfacility.ItisimportantThatthefieldpersonnelbeawareoftheinputrequirementsandthattheybecommittedtofollowingthroughwiththiseffort.BothAcresandMoolinpersonnelhaveworkedundersimilarcircumstancesbeforeandarefamiliarwiththesetypesofproblemsandhowtocopewiththem.(d)ScheduleWeeks0through4(Continuousupdateasrequired)5-387Subtask13.07-DevelopAccountingPolicies&Procedures(a)ObjectiveTodevelopandimplementthenecessaryaccountingpoliciesandprocedurestosatisfyprojectrequirementsandsupportadministrativecontrolsystems.(b)ApproachAcresandMoolinpersonnelwillworktogethertoidentifytheprojectaccountingrequirementsthatwillsatisfytheneedsofAPAandotheragenciesinvolved,projectcontrol,procurementandtaxaspectsoftheproject.Theinput/outputrequirementswillbeidentifiedandappro-priatesystemswillbedevelopedtoprovidetherequiredoutput.Ten-tatively,allactivitiesoccurringinAlaska,bothinthefieldandlocalprojectoffices,willbeprocessedbyAcres'AnchorageofficepersonnelwiththebackupassistanceoftheofficesofFrankMoolin&AssociatesinFairbanksandAcres'Buffalofacilities.Activitiesoccurringinthecorporate/designofficesofAcresAmericanwillbehandledbycomputercapabilityfromtheBuffalo,NewYorkoffices.Writtenaccountingprocedureswillbepreparedandissuedassoonaspossibleaftercontractawardtocoverthefollowingareas:-Generalaccounting-Accountspayable-Billings-Invoicing-Internalcontrol-Auditing-Banking-Expenseaccounts(c)DiscussionSincemuchoftheaccounLlnginputoriginatesfromremotefieldlocations,itisimperativethattimelyandaccuratetransmittalofdatabemaintained.Itwillbetheresponsibilityoftheindividualfieldsupervisorsandthefieldprojectmanagertoreviewallinputpriortotransmittaltotheprocessingfacility.ItisimportantThatthefieldpersonnelbeawareoftheinputrequirementsandthattheybecommittedtofollowingthroughwiththiseffort.BothAcresandMoolinpersonnelhaveworkedundersimilarcircumstancesbeforeandarefamiliarwiththesetypesofproblemsandhowtocopewiththem.(d)ScheduleWeeks0through4(Continuousupdateasrequired)5-387 Subtask13.08-PrepareDocumentationControlSystem(a)ObjectiveToestablishthemethodstobeusedthroughouttheprojectfortransmittal,storage,retrievalanddisplayofallpertinentdocumentation.(b)ApproachFERClicenseapplicationandAPArequirementswillbeusedasguide-linestodeterminethedocumentationrequirements.Inaddition,therequirementsoflocal,stateandfederalagencieswillbeincluded.Finally,"in-house"documentflowinsupportofdesign,costandscheduleactivitiesmustbeconsideredandaccountedfor.Filingsystems,recordsretrievalandarecordstoragesystemwillbeestab-lished,alongwithorderlymethodsforflow/transmittalofbothinter-nalandexternaldocumentationandcorrespondence.Includedwillbeatrackingsystemtomonitortheflowofdocumentationbetweenfieldandofficelocations.(c)DiscussionPriortopreparationofFERClicenseapplicationandthevariousindividualPOSreports(poweralternatives,developmentselections,environmental,hydrological,etc),itisextremelyimportantthatasystembeimplementedasearlyaspossibletocontrolandaccountforthelargevolumeofdocumentationthatwillbegathered.Particularcareandattentionmustbeusedwhentransferringdocumentationfromremotefieldlocationstothecentralofficeswhereitwillbereducedandstored.(d)ScheduleWeeks8throughg5-388Subtask13.08-PrepareDocumentationControlSystem(a)ObjectiveToestablishthemethodstobeusedthroughouttheprojectfortransmittal,storage,retrievalanddisplayofallpertinentdocumentation.(b)ApproachFERClicenseapplicationandAPArequirementswillbeusedasguide-linestodeterminethedocumentationrequirements.Inaddition,therequirementsoflocal,stateandfederalagencieswillbeincluded.Finally,"in-house"documentflowinsupportofdesign,costandscheduleactivitiesmustbeconsideredandaccountedfor.Filingsystems,recordsretrievalandarecordstoragesystemwillbeestab-lished,alongwithorderlymethodsforflow/transmittalofbothinter-nalandexternaldocumentationandcorrespondence.Includedwillbeatrackingsystemtomonitortheflowofdocumentationbetweenfieldandofficelocations.(c)DiscussionPriortopreparationofFERClicenseapplicationandthevariousindividualPOSreports(poweralternatives,developmentselections,environmental,hydrological,etc),itisextremelyimportantthatasystembeimplementedasearlyaspossibletocontrolandaccountforthelargevolumeofdocumentationthatwillbegathered.Particularcareandattentionmustbeusedwhentransferringdocumentationfromremotefieldlocationstothecentralofficeswhereitwillbereducedandstored.(d)ScheduleWeeks8throughg5-388 Subtask13.09-Pre-ProjectPlanning(a)ObjectiveToexecutechangesintheplanofstudyandcarryoutotheractivitiesattherequestoftheAuthorityinthepre-projecttime;i.e.priortotheactualprojectstartdate.(b)ApproachAttherequestofAPAincorporaterevisionstothePOSstemmingfromagencyinput,publicinput,meetingswithpublicinterestgroups,studyofcertainoptionsrelatingtomoreeconomicalcampandlogis-ticssupport,preparationofestimatestoreflectISERinvolvementandrevisionstothefinancingandpublicparticipationprograms.(c)DiscussionThissubtaskcoversworkundertakenonbehalfoftheAuthoritysubse-quenttoOctober1,1979andpriortocontractexecutionandcoverssuchitemsastripsandcoordinationassociatedwithADF&G,DNRandAPA.(d)SchedulePriortocontractexecution.5-389Subtask13.09-Pre-ProjectPlanning(a)ObjectiveToexecutechangesintheplanofstudyandcarryoutotheractivitiesattherequestoftheAuthorityinthepre-projecttime;i.e.priortotheactualprojectstartdate.(b)ApproachAttherequestofAPAincorporatereV1SlonstothePOSstemmingfromagencyinput,publicinput,meetingswithpublicinterestgroups,studyofcertainoptionsrelatingtomoreeconomicalcampandlogis-ticssupport,preparationofestimatestoreflectISERinvolvementandrevisionstothefinancingandpublicparticipationprograms.(c)DiscussionThissubtaskcoversworkundertakenonbehalfoftheAuthoritysubse-quenttoOctober1,1979andpriortocontractexecutionandcoverssuchitemsastripsandcoordinationassociatedwithADF&G,DNRandAPA.(d)SchedulePriortocontractexecution.5-389 Subtask13.10-CoordinationwithOtherAgencies(a)ObjectiveToprovideaforumforstateandfederalagenciesparticipationintheSusitnaHydroelectricProjectPlanofStudy.(b)ApproachStateagencieswillhavearoleintheSusitnastudiestothedegreethattheydesiresucharoleandtothedegreethattheagencies'functionsandresponsibilitiescreateaninterestinthestudies.Duetotheimportanceoftheissuesinvolvedandthemagnitudeofthepotentialproject,widespreadandextensiveagencyparticipationisanticipated.Therearethreeprimaryareasforagencyinvolvementinthestudies.First,thereisparticipationindevelopingtheplanofstudy.Theplanofstudyisanevolvingdocumentthatwillonlybefinalwhenthelaststudyiscomplete.PreparationoftheplanofstudybeganinJuly1979withareviewoftheCorpsofEngineersplanofstudy,areviewofDevilCanyonTaskForceandstateagencycommentsmadeinresponsetopreviousSusitnastudies,consultationwithapanelofinterestedcitizens,andreviewofbiologicalstudiesrecommendedbyADF&G.InSeptember,theplanofstudywaswidelycirculated,comparedtocompetingproposals,presentedpUblicly,andcritiquedbyindividuals,organizationsandagencies.ADF&Gwasthenprovidedupto$20,000tocoverexpensesincurredintherefinementofthebiologicalstudyprogram.MeetingswerealsoheldwithDNR,DEPD,ADF&G,DPDPandinterestedorganizationsandindividualsduringOctober,November,andDecember,1979forthepurposeofrefiningtheplan.theplanwillbecontinuallymodifiedtoinsurethatappropriatedataiscollectedandanalyzedtopermitinformeddecisionsregardingprojectfeasibilityanddesignandtomeetthelicensingrequirementsoftheFederalEnergyRegulatoryCommission.Thesecondareaforagencyinvolvementisactualperformanceofcertainstudies.Whereastateagencyhastheappropriateexpertiseandcapabilitytorespondinatimelymanner,andwhereeconomiescanberealized,suchagencieswillberequestedtoconductcertainstudies.Forexample,ADF&GisundercontracttoconductcertainbiologicalstudiesandICERisundercontracttodevelopprojectionsofthepossiblefutureenergyconsumptiontrendsfortheRailbeltRegion.TheresultsofsuchworkwillbeprovidedtoAcresAmericanIncorporatedwhoremainsresponsibleforcontrollingquality,meetingschedule,andassimilatingthevariousactivities.Thefinalareaforagencyparticipationisinthereviewofprogressreportsandplanninganddesigndocumentsthatwillflowfromthestudyprogram.Whiletherearethreegeneralareasforagencyparticipation,thereareactuallyfourwaystoparticipate.First,anagencycaninvolveitselfaspartoftheestablishedpublicparticipationprogram.The5-390Subtask13.10-CoordinationwithOtherAgencies(alObjectiveToprovideaforumforstateandfederalagenciesparticipationintheSusitnaHydroelectricProjectPlanofStudy.(blApproachStateagencieswillhavearoleintheSusitnastudiestothedegreethattheydesiresucharoleandtothedegreethattheagencies'functionsandresponsibilitiescreateaninterestinthestudies.Duetotheimportanceoftheissuesinvolvedandthemagnitudeofthepotentialproject,widespreadandextensiveagencyparticipationisanticipated.Therearethreeprimaryareasforagencyinvolvementinthestudies.First,thereisparticipationindevelopingtheplanofstudy.Theplanofstudyisanevolvingdocumentthatwillonlybefinalwhenthelaststudyiscomplete.PreparationoftheplanofstudybeganinJuly1979withareviewoftheCorpsofEngineersplanofstudy,areviewofDevilCanyonTaskForceandstateagencycommentsmadeinresponsetopreviousSusitnastudies,consultationwithapanelofinterestedcitizens,andreviewofbiologicalstudiesrecommendedbyADF&G.InSeptember,theplanofstudywaswidelycirculated,comparedtocompetingproposals,presentedpUblicly,andcritiquedbyindividuals,organizationsandagencies.ADF&Gwasthenprovidedupto$20,000tocoverexpensesincurredintherefinementofthebiologicalstudyprogram.MeetingswerealsoheldwithDNR,DEPD,ADF&G,DPDPandinterestedorganizationsandindividualsduringOctober,November,andDecember,1979forthepurposeofrefiningtheplan.theplanwillbecontinuallymodifiedtoinsurethatappropriatedataiscollectedandanalyzedtopermitinformeddecisionsregardingprojectfeasibilityanddesignandtomeetthelicensingrequirementsoftheFederalEnergyRegulatoryCommission.Thesecondareaforagencyinvolvementisactualperformanceofcertainstudies.Whereastateagencyhastheappropriateexpertiseandcapabilitytorespondinatimelymanner,andwhereeconomiescanberealized,suchagencieswillberequestedtoconductcertainstudies.Forexample,ADF&GisundercontracttoconductcertainbiologicalstudiesandICERisundercontracttodevelopprojectionsofthepossiblefutureenergyconsumptiontrendsfortheRailbeltRegion.TheresultsofsuchworkwillbeprovidedtoAcresAmericanIncorporatedwhoremainsresponsibleforcontrollingquality,meetingschedule,andassimilatingthevariousactivities.Thefinalareaforagencyparticipationisinthereviewofprogressreportsandplanninganddesigndocumentsthatwillflowfromthestudyprogram.Whiletherearethreegeneralareasforagencyparticipation,thereareactuallyfourwaystoparticipate.First,anagencycaninvolveitselfaspartoftheestablishedpublicparticipationprogram.The5-390 programiscenteredaroundthreesetsofpublicmeetings,eightsetsofworkshopsandanaffirmativesystemtofollowupacomments.Eachworkshopwillincludetimesetasideforformalseparatediscussionwithstateagencies.ThepublicmeetingsarepresentlyscheduledforFebruary1980,January1981,andApril1982.TheworkshopsaretentativelyscheduledforMay,August,November1980,May,September1981,andJanuary1982.Twootherswillbescheduledtoaddressunforeseenissuesastheydevelop.Anagency,ifinterested,canalsoparticipateasamemberoftheinteragencybiologicalstudiessteeringcommittee.Thisgroupwillbethefocalpointoffederalandstatecoordinationofthefisheryandwildlifestudyprograms.Asmentionedpreviously,stateagenciesmaybeactuallyinvolvedinandresponsiblefortheconquctofcertainstudies.Finally,inadditiontothevariousmeansofparticipationoutlinedsofar,eachagencyiswelcomeandencouragedtodealdirectlywiththePowerAuthorityonanymatterandatanytime.Anagencycommentorrequestwillbeactivelyandrapidlyfollowedup.(c)DiscussionFollowingisamoredetaileddescriptionofsuggestedagencyinvolvementinthethreeareasofparticipation.(1)PlanofStudyTheimportanceofagencyinvolvementinthepreparationandrefinementoftheplanofstudycannotbeoveremphasized.Eachagencyhasaninterestininsuringthatthosequestionsconsideredimportanttoestablishingthefeasibilityoftheprojectandtoproper designwillbeaddressedduringtheplanninganddesignprocess.Itshouldbekeptinmind,however,thattheplanofstudynowunderconsiderationaddressesonlythefirst21/2yearsofalicensingprocessthatisexpectedtotakeapproximately5years.ADF&G,DOTPF,DEC,DNR,DPDP,DCRAandDCEDwillallreceivecopiesofthisplanofstudy,aswillDEPD.Thefirstseriesofpublicmeetings,theprimarysubjectofwhichwillbetheplanofstudy,willbeheldinFebruary1980.Asnotedearlier,separatediscussionwithstateagencieswillbeformalpartofeachoftheeight(8)workshops.Theresultofeachpublicmeetingandworkshopwillbeamodificationoftheplanofstudyasnewissuesareidentified.Thecontentoftheplanofstudywillalsobethefocusoftheinteragencybiologicalstudiessteeringcommittee,comprisedofUSF&WS,NMFS,DNR,ADF&G,DECandUSGS.(2)AgencyStudyParticipationAspresentlyenvisionedADF&Gwillconductcertainofthefishandwildlifestudiesthroughareimburseableservicesagreement5-391programiscenteredaroundthreesetsofpublicmeetings,eightsetsofworkshopsandanaffirmativesystemtofollowupacomments.Eachworkshopwillincludetimesetasideforformalseparatediscussionwithstateagencies.ThepublicmeetingsarepresentlyscheduledforFebruary1980,January1981,andApri11982.TheworkshopsaretentativelyscheduledforMay,August,November1980,May,September1981,andJanuary1982.Twootherswillbescheduledtoaddressunforeseenissuesastheydevelop.Anagency,ifinterested,canalsoparticipateasamemberoftheinteragencybiologicalstudiessteeringcommittee.Thisgroupwillbethefocalpointoffederalandstatecoordinationofthefisheryandwildlifestudyprograms.Asmentionedpreviously,stateagenciesmaybeactuallyinvolvedinandresponsiblefortheconquctofcertainstudies.Finally,inadditiontothevariousmeansofparticipationoutlinedsofar,eachagencyiswelcomeandencouragedtodealdirectlywiththePowerAuthorityonanymatterandatanytime.Anagencycommentorrequestwillbeactivelyandrapidlyfollowedup.(c)DiscussionFollowingisamoredetaileddescriptionofsuggestedagencyinvolvementinthethreeareasofparticipation.(1)PlanofStudyTheimportanceofagencyinvolvementinthepreparationandrefinementoftheplanofstudycannotbeoveremphasized.Eachagencyhasaninterestininsuringthatthosequestionsconsideredimportanttoestablishingthefeasibilityoftheprojectandtoproper designwillbeaddressedduringtheplanninganddesignprocess.Itshouldbekeptinmind,however,thattheplanofstudynowunderconsiderationaddressesonlythefirst21/2yearsofalicensingprocessthatisexpectedtotakeapproximately5years.ADF&G,DOTPF,DEC,DNR,DPDP,DCRAandDCEDwillallreceivecopiesofthisplanofstudy,aswillDEPD.Thefirstseriesofpublicmeetings,theprimarysubjectofwhichwillbetheplanofstudy,willbeheldinFebruary1980.Asnotedearlier,separatediscussionwithstateagencieswillbeformalpartofeachoftheeight(8)workshops.Theresultofeachpublicmeetingandworkshopwillbeamodificationoftheplanofstudyasnewissuesareidentified.Thecontentoftheplanofstudywillalsobethefocusoftheinteragencybiologicalstudiessteeringcommittee,comprisedofUSF&WS,NMFS,DNR,ADF&G,DECandUSGS.(2)AgencyStudyParticipationAspresentlyenvisionedADF&Gwillconductcertainofthefishandwildlifestudiesthroughareimburseableservicesagreement5-391 withthePowerAuthority.Atalaterstageofthestudy,DNRmaysimilarlyparticipateintherealmofinstreamflowstudies.SpecialeffortwillbemadetofosteractiveparticipationbyDEPD,especiallyinthebroaderenergyplanningissues.SpacewillbemadeavailabletoDEPDandADF&GintheAcresprojectofficetoencouragemaximuminterchangewithplannersonadailybasisduringthestudyprogram.AgencyexpertiseandcapabilityinotherareasofstudyshouldbemadeknowntothePowerAuthorityifanactiveroleinthestudiesisdesired.(3)AgencyReviewofStudyDutputProgressreportsandstudydocumentswillbeprovidedtoDPDP,ADF&G,DNR,DEC,DCRA,DOTPF,·andDECDandalsotoDEPD.CommentscanbemadedirectlytothePowerAuthorityorthroughtheestablishedseriesofworkshops.TheDevilCanyonTaskForcewillbeaskedtomeetformallyinFebruary1981toconsiderwhetherthestudiesshouldproceedfurther,beredirected,orbeterminated.Stateagencycoordinationisimportantthroughoutthefeasibilitystudyandlicensingprocess.Theprogramsuggestedhereincanbemodifiedtoaccommodatealargerorsmallerroleasdesiredbyeachagency.(d)ScheduleThroughoutprojectperiod.5-392withthePowerAuthority.Atalaterstageofthestudy,DNRmaysimilarlyparticipateintherealmofinstreamflowstudies.SpecialeffortwillbemadetofosteractiveparticipationbyDEPD,especiallyinthebroaderenergyplanningissues.SpacewillbemadeavailabletoDEPDandADF&GintheAcresprojectofficetoencouragemaximuminterchangewithplannersonadailybasisduringthestudyprogram.AgencyexpertiseandcapabilityinotherareasofstudyshouldbemadeknowntothePowerAuthorityifanactiveroleinthestudiesisdesired.(3)AgencyReviewofStudyDutputProgressreportsandstudydocumentswillbeprovidedtoDPDP,ADF&G,DNR,DEC,DCRA,DOTPF,·andDECDandalsotoDEPD.CommentscanbemadedirectlytothePowerAuthorityorthroughtheestablishedseriesofworkshops.TheDevilCanyonTaskForcewillbeaskedtomeetformallyinFebruary1981toconsiderwhetherthestudiesshouldproceedfurther,beredirected,orbeterminated.Stateagencycoordinationisimportantthroughoutthefeasibilitystudyandlicensingprocess.Theprogramsuggestedhereincanbemodifiedtoaccommodatealargerorsmallerroleasdesiredbyeachagency.(d)ScheduleThroughoutprojectperiod.5-392 '.Subtask13.11-ADF&GSupport(a)ObjectiveToprovidebothadministrativesupportandofficefacilitiesforADF&GpersonnelengagedexclusivelyontheSusitnaproject.(b)ApproachTheADF&GpersonneltobeengagedontheprojectexclusivelyasdeterminedbyADF&GwillbehousedinAcres'projectoffice.Atthislocationtheywillbeprovidedwithadministrativeandofficesupportwhichwillbecommontoallprojectofficeactivities.(c)DiscussionTheprojectofficeexpensesrelatedtothissubtaskwillincludeadditionalofficespaceleasecosts,furnishings,officeequipment,communicationsequipment,officesuppliesandthelike,includingstoragefacilitiesforequipment.TheactualcostsassociatedwiththissubtaskareincludedunderTask7,Subtask7.10.(d)ScheduleWeeks26through130.5-393'.Subtask13.11-ADF&GSupport(a)ObjectiveToprovidebothadministrativesupportandofficefacilitiesforADF&GpersonnelengagedexclusivelyontheSusitnaproject.(b)ApproachTheADF&GpersonneltobeengagedontheprojectexclusivelyasdeterminedbyADF&GwillbehousedinAcres'projectoffice.Atthislocationtheywillbeprovidedwithadministrativeandofficesupportwhichwillbecommontoallprojectofficeactivities.(c)DiscussionTheprojectofficeexpensesrelatedtothissubtaskwillincludeadditionalofficespaceleasecosts,furnishings,officeequipment,communicationsequipment,officesuppliesandthelike,includingstoragefacilitiesforequipment.TheactualcostsassociatedwiththissubtaskareincludedunderTask7,Subtask7.10.(d)ScheduleWeeks26through130.5-393 176£-S176£-S S3I1IAI1J~NOISSIWanSNOI1~JIldd~3SN3JIllSOd-9~NOI1J3SS3I1IAI1J~NOISSIWanSNOI1~JIldd~3SN3JIllSOd-9~NOI1J3S SECTIONA6-POST-LICENSEAPPLICATIONSUBMISSIONACTIVITIESA6.1-IntroductionThestudyactivitiesdetailedinothersectionsofthisplanofstudyhavebeenprovidedinaccordancewiththeoriginalAPARequestforProposalsdatedJune25,1979,andsubsequentmodificationsasnotedthroughoutthisPOS.APAhasalsorequestedadescriptionandpreliminarycostestimateforactivitieswhichwillfollowsubmissionofthelicenseapplicationuptoapointwhenthelicenseisreceivedandconstructionworkcommences.TheapproachrecommendedbyisbasedonapreliminaryassessmentoftheprobablesequenceofconstructionofprojectcomponentswhichinturnisbasedontheCorpsofEngineers'1979Reportconstructionschedule.ThefirstconstructioncontractwillconsequentlybefortheWatanadiversionfacilities.Assumingnounforeseenseriousinterventionsoccurduringthelicensingprocess,theFERClicense(whichwouldallowconstructiontocommence)shouldbeawardedbyearly1985.EngineeringworktothatpointshouldthereforeconcentrateondesignactivitiesandpreparationofbidandcontractdocumentsleadingtoawardofadiversionconstructioncontractimmediatelyafterreceiptoftheFERClicense.ConstructionofthepioneeraccessroadtoWatanashouldalsobecompletedby1985.AmoreconservativeapproachwouldinvolveaccomplishmentofonlythoseactivitiesnecessaryforawardoftheFERClicense,deferringadvanceddesignandaccessroadworkuntillater.Throughouttheremainingportionsofthissection,workpackagesassociatedwithexpeditingprojectcom-pletionarereferredtoas"FastTrack"andtheconservativeapproachisdesignatedas"LicenseOnly".Inthissectionoftheproposal,summariesofactivitiestoaccomplishalternativepost-licenseobjectivesarepresentedunderthesamegeneraltaskheadingsdiscussedinSectionsAlthroughA5.Nosignificantactivityisanticipatedunderthefollowingtasks:Task1:Task8:PowerStudiesTransmissionThefollowingtaskswi11continue,butatalowerlevelofactivitythanduringthefirstphase:Task2:Task4:Task10:Task12:SurveysandSiteFacilitiesSeismicStudiesLicensingPublicParticipationTheremainingtaskswillcontinueatasimilarorincreasedlevelofactivityincluding:Task3:HydrologyTask5:GeotechnicalExploration6-1SECTIONA6-POST-LICENSEAPPLICATIONSUBMISSIONACTIVITIESA6.1-IntroductionThestudyactivitiesdetailedinothersectionsofthisplanofstudyhavebeenprovidedinaccordancewiththeoriginalAPARequestforProposalsdatedJune25,1979,andsubsequentmodificationsasnotedthroughoutthisPOS.APAhasalsorequestedadescriptionandpreliminarycostestimateforactivitieswhichwillfollowsubmissionofthelicenseapplicationuptoapointwhenthelicenseisreceivedandconstructionworkcommences.TheapproachrecommendedbyisbasedonapreliminaryassessmentoftheprobablesequenceofconstructionofprojectcomponentswhichinturnisbasedontheCorpsofEngineers'1979Reportconstructionschedule.ThefirstconstructioncontractwillconsequentlybefortheWatanadiversionfacilities.Assumingnounforeseenseriousinterventionsoccurduringthelicensingprocess,theFERClicense(whichwouldallowconstructiontocommence)shouldbeawardedbyearly1985.EngineeringworktothatpointshouldthereforeconcentrateondesignactivitiesandpreparationofbidandcontractdocumentsleadingtoawardofadiversionconstructioncontractimmediatelyafterreceiptoftheFERClicense.ConstructionofthepioneeraccessroadtoWatanashouldalsobecompletedby1985.AmoreconservativeapproachwouldinvolveaccomplishmentofonlythoseactivitiesnecessaryforawardoftheFERClicense,deferringadvanceddesignandaccessroadworkuntillater.Throughouttheremainingportionsofthissection,workpackagesassociatedwithexpeditingprojectcom-pletionarereferredtoas"FastTrack"andtheconservativeapproachisdesignatedas"LicenseOnly".Inthissectionoftheproposal,summariesofactivitiestoaccomplishalternativepost-licenseobjectivesarepresentedunderthesamegeneraltaskheadingsdiscussedinSectionsAlthroughA5.Nosignificantactivityisanticipatedunderthefollowingtasks:Task1:Task8:PowerStudiesTransmissionThefollowingtaskswillcontinue,butatalowerlevelofactivitythanduringthefirstphase:Task2:Task4:Task10:Task12:SurveysandSiteFacilitiesSeismicStudiesLicensingPublicParticipationTheremainingtaskswillcontinueatasimilarorincreasedlevelofactivityincluding:Task3:HydrologyTask5:GeotechnicalExploration6-1 Task6:Task7:Task9:Task11:Task13:DesignDevelopmentEnvironmentalStudiesCostEstimatesandSchedulesMarketingandFinanceAdministrationThefollowingdiscussiondescribestheanticipatedactivitiesthatwillbeundertakenduringtheperiodthroughcommencementofconstructionoftheWatanaprojectorthroughreceiptoflicense.ThescheduleassociatedwiththisworkisshownontheSummarySchedule(PlateA2.1)andontheMasterSchedules(PlatesA7.1andA7.2).A6.2-SurveysandSiteFacilities(a)FastTrackThepermanentbasecampatWatanawillbeusedasthebasefromwhichcontinuedfieldstudiesinhydrology,geotechnicalexploration,seismicityandtheenvironmentalareaswillbeconducted.DetailedsurveyingoftheWatanasiteinsupportofWatanadamdesignactivitieswillalsobecontinued.AdescriptionofthecampiscontainedinSectionA.S-LogisticalPlan.Equipment,mostofwhichwillbeusedinconjunctionwiththefieldactivitiesandthuslocatedatthebasecamp,willcontinuetobeusedafterhavingbeenpurchasedduringthefirstphaseofthework.Duringthisphase,theairstripattheWatanasitewouldbeupgradedtosupportthelevelofactivityrequiredtocompletethepreliminaryengineeringoftheWatanafacilities.Intheeventthatnoairstriphasyetbeenbuilt,theneedforitwillbethoroughlyevaluated.Atthesametime,apioneeraccessroadwouldbeconstructedutilizingportableorprefabricatedbridges.Additionalactivitiesconductedduringthisphaseincludephoto-grammetricmapping,hydrographicsurveys,slopestabilityanderosionstudiesalongtheroadaccessroute.(b)LicenseOnlyThepermanentbasecampatWatanawillsupportcontinuingfieldstudiesinhydrology(particularlyin-streamflowstudies),seismicityandenvironmentalareas.Nofurtherdesignsupportworkwillbeconducted.TotheextentthattheExternalReviewBoardrequiresadditionalworktosupportinitialfindings(e.g.,intheseismicarea),itwill,ofcourse,besupportedunderTask2.A6.3-Hydrology(a)FastTrackFollowingsubmissionoftheFERClicenseapplication,workwill6-2Task6:Task7:Task9:Task11:Task13:DesignDevelopmentEnvironmentalStudiesCostEstimatesandSchedulesMarketingandFinanceAdministrationThefollowingdiscussiondescribestheanticipatedactivitiesthatwillbeundertakenduringtheperiodthroughcommencementofconstructionoftheWatanaprojectorthroughreceiptoflicense.ThescheduleassociatedwiththisworkisshownontheSummarySchedule(PlateA2.1)andontheMasterSchedules(PlatesA7.1andA7.2).A6.2-SurveysandSiteFacilities(a)FastTrackThepermanentbasecampatWatanawillbeusedasthebasefromwhichcontinuedfieldstudiesinhydrology,geotechnicalexploration,seismicityandtheenvironmentalareaswillbeconducted.DetailedsurveyingoftheWatanasiteinsupportofWatanadamdesignactivitieswillalsobecontinued.AdescriptionofthecampiscontainedinSectionA.S-LogisticalPlan.Equipment,mostofwhichwillbeusedinconjunctionwiththefieldactivitiesandthuslocatedatthebasecamp,willcontinuetobeusedafterhavingbeenpurchasedduringthefirstphaseofthework.Duringthisphase,theairstripattheWatanasitewouldbeupgradedtosupportthelevelofactivityrequiredtocompletethepreliminaryengineeringoftheWatanafacilities.Intheeventthatnoairstriphasyetbeenbuilt,theneedforitwillbethoroughlyevaluated.Atthesametime,apioneeraccessroadwouldbeconstructedutilizingportableorprefabricatedbridges.Additionalactivitiesconductedduringthisphaseincludephoto-grammetricmapping,hydrographicsurveys,slopestabilityanderosionstudiesalongtheroadaccessroute.(b)LicenseOnlyThepermanentbasecampatWatanawillsupportcontinuingfieldstudiesinhydrology(particularlyin-streamflowstudies),seismicityandenvironmentalareas.Nofurtherdesignsupportworkwillbeconducted.TotheextentthattheExternalReviewBoardrequiresadditionalworktosupportinitialfindings(e.g.,intheseismicarea),itwill,ofcourse,besupportedunderTask2.A6.3-Hydrology(a)FastTrackFollowingsubmissionoftheFERClicenseapplication,workwill6-2 continueonobtaininghydrologic,hydraulic,iceandclimatedata.Thisinformationwillprovidetheinputtofurtherstudiesnecessar:,tocompletethedetailedprojectdesignandpreparecontractdocumentsandspecifications.Thedatawillalsobeused·toprovidedetailedinformationinresponsetoqueriesarisingoutoftheFERClicenseapplicationandtoprovidepartialbasisforthefinalEIS.Abriefdiscussionoftheadditionalworktobedoneisgivenbelow.(i)FieldDataIndexandDistributionSystemWorkinthisactivitywillcontinueasdiscussedunderTask3.(ii)FieldDataCollectionandProcessingHorkinthisactivitywillcontinueasdiscussedunderTask3.Itmaybepossibletoreducethenumberofclimaticstationsduringthelateryearsassufficientdesigninformationisobtained,particularlyalongthetransmissionlineroute.(iii)WaterResourcesStudiesUtilizingthe2to3yearsofadditionaldataobtainedfromtheexistingandthenewstreamgauges,thestreamflowextensionstudieswillberevised.ThesamemethodologyasthatproposedforthisactivityunderTask3willbeused.Thestreamflowdataobtainedfromthesiteswillbeusedtoimprovetheextrapolationoflong-termstreamflowdatatothesesites.The"Low-FlowFrequencyDurationAnalysis","ReservoirFillingandOperationStudies",and"StatisticalAnalysisofPre-andPost-ProjectStreamflow"analyseswillbereviewedand,ifnecessary,repeatedutilizingtheimprovedbasicstreamflowdataandrefinedWatanaproject1ayoutsandconstructionschedules.ThesamebasicmethodologyasthatdescribedunderTask3activitieswillbeemployed.The"EvaporationStudies"willbeupdatedusingtheadditionalclimaticdatacollected.(iv)FloodStudiesThe"RegionalFloodPeakandVolumeFrequencyAnalysis"willbereviewedinthelightofadditionaldata.Itisnotanticipatedthatadditionalanalysiswillbecalledfor.The"ProbableMaximumFloodDetermination"willberedoneusingamorecomprehensivemethodologythanoriginallyemployedbytheCorpsofEngineersduringPhase1.Adetailedstormmaximizationstudywillbeundertakentodetermine theprobablemaximumprecipitation.Moreextensive6-3continueonobtaininghydrologic,hydraulic,iceandclimatedata.Thisinformationwillprovidetheinputtofurtherstudiesnecessar:,tocompletethedetailedprojectdesignandpreparecontractdocumentsandspecifications.Thedatawillalsobeused·toprovidedetailedinformationinresponsetoqueriesarisingoutoftheFERClicenseapplicationandtoprovidepartialbasisforthefinalEIS.Abriefdiscussionoftheadditionalworktobedoneisgivenbelow.(i)FieldDataIndexandDistributionSystemWorkinthisactivitywillcontinueasdiscussedunderTask3.(ii)FieldDataCollectionandProcessingHorkinthisactivitywillcontinueasdiscussedunderTask3.Itmaybepossibletoreducethenumberofclimaticstationsduringthelateryearsassufficientdesigninformationisobtained,particularlyalongthetransmissionlineroute.(iii)WaterResourcesStudiesUtilizingthe2to3yearsofadditionaldataobtainedfromtheexistingandthenewstreamgauges,thestreamflowextensionstudieswillberevised.ThesamemethodologyasthatproposedforthisactivityunderTask3willbeused.Thestreamflowdataobtainedfromthesiteswillbeusedtoimprovetheextrapolationoflong-termstreamflowdatatothesesites.The"Low-FlowFrequencyDurationAnalysis","ReservoirFillingandOperationStudies",and"StatisticalAnalysisofPre-andPost-ProjectStreamflow"analyseswillbereviewedand,ifnecessary,repeatedutilizingtheimprovedbasicstreamflowdataandrefinedWatanaproject1ayoutsandconstructionschedules.ThesamebasicmethodologyasthatdescribedunderTask3activitieswillbeemployed.The"EvaporationStudies"willbeupdatedusingtheadditionalclimaticdatacollected.(iv)FloodStudiesThe"RegionalFloodPeakandVolumeFrequencyAnalysis"willbereviewedinthelightofadditionaldata.Itisnotanticipatedthatadditionalanalysiswillbecalledfor.The"ProbableMaximumFloodDetermination"willberedoneusingamorecomprehensivemethodologythanoriginallyemployedbytheCorpsofEngineersduringPhase1.Adetailedstormmaximizationstudywillbeundertakentodetermine theprobablemaximumprecipitation.Moreextensive6-3 meteorologicalstudieswillbeperformedtoimprovetheestimatesofmaximumtemperaturesequenceandsnowdepths.ConsiderationwillbegiventorecalibratingtheSSARRriverbasinmodel.However,shouldthestudiesinSubtask3.05indicatethatdeficienciesinthemodel'sperformanceareduetoinadequaciesorlackofdetailinthemodelalgorithms,amoresophisticatedcatchmentmodelsuchastheNationalWeatherServicesFloodForecastingSystem(incorporatingeithertheStanfordorSacramentoModels)orHSP(HydrologicSimulationPackagemarketedbyHydrocompInc.,California)willbesubstituted.Thesebettermodelsofferanimprovedrepresenta-tionoftheinfiltrationprocessandthesubsurfacewaterbalancewhichcouldbeimportantinimprovingcalibrationresults.The"ReservoirFloodRouting"excerciseswi11berepeatedusingtherevisedflooddataandWatanaprojectlayouts.(v)HydraulicandIceStudiesItisanticipatedthattheFERCwillstipulateasignificantamountofengineeringtobeundertakenpriortocommencementofconstructionofthemajorprojectfacilities.Itmaybepos-sibletodefersomeoftheseactivitiesuntilaftercommence-mentofdiversionconstruction.However,theanticipatedrequirementsarepresentedhereinandincludedinestimatedcosts.Unlesssubstantialchangestothehydrology,thebasicprojectlayoutsorsystemoperatingpoliciesaremade,itwillnotbenecessarytorerunthebackwatercalculations(HEC-2)andtheice-coverprocessmodeldynamicflowmodeldownstreamorupstreamfromtheWatanasite.Additionalrefinementofthediversiondesignwill,however,benecessary.ThiswillrequireadditionalrunsusingHEC-2andtheice-coverprocessmodel.Inadditiontotheaboveanalyses,itwillbenecessarytoundertakefurthercomputermodelstudiesaswellashydraulicmodelstudies.Theseinclude:(1)ComputerModelStudiesOne-dimensionaldynamicflowmodel-AppliedtoSusitnareachdownstreamfromdamsiteforsimulatingdambreakconditions.f'·'1Two-orthree-dimensionaldymanicflowmodel(numeric)oralterna-tivelyananalyticalsolutiontechnique.6-4-Appliedtotheproposedreservoirtosimulate1and-slideinducedsurgesmeteorologicalstudieswillbeperformedtoimprovetheestimatesofmaximumtemperaturesequenceandsnowdepths.ConsiderationwillbegiventorecalibratingtheSSARRriverbasinmodel.However,shouldthestudiesinSubtask3.05indicatethatdeficienciesinthemodel'sperformanceareduetoinadequaciesorlackofdetailinthemodelalgorithms,amoresophisticatedcatchmentmodelsuchastheNationalWeatherServicesFloodForecastingSystem(incorporatingeithertheStanfordorSacramentoModels)orHSP(HydrologicSimulationPackagemarketedbyHydrocompInc.,California)willbesubstituted.Thesebettermodelsofferanimprovedrepresenta-tionoftheinfiltrationprocessandthesubsurfacewaterbalancewhichcouldbeimportantinimprovingcalibrationresults.The"ReservoirFloodRouting"excerciseswi11berepeatedusingtherevisedflooddataandWatanaprojectlayouts.(v)HydraulicandIceStudiesItisanticipatedthattheFERCwillstipulateasignificantamountofengineeringtobeundertakenpriortocommencementofconstructionofthemajorprojectfacilities.Itmaybepos-sibletodefersomeoftheseactivitiesuntilaftercommence-mentofdiversionconstruction.However,theanticipatedrequirementsarepresentedhereinandincludedinestimatedcosts.Unlesssubstantialchangestothehydrology,thebasicprojectlayoutsorsystemoperatingpoliciesaremade,itwillnotbenecessarytorerunthebackwatercalculations(HEC-2)andtheice-coverprocessmodeldynamicflowmodeldownstreamorupstreamfromtheWatanasite.Additionalrefinementofthediversiondesignwill,however,benecessary.ThiswillrequireadditionalrunsusingHEC-2andtheice-coverprocessmodel.Inadditiontotheaboveanalyses,itwillbenecessarytoundertakefurthercomputermodelstudiesaswellashydraulicmodelstudies.Theseinclude:(1)ComputerModelStudiesOne-dimensionaldynamicflowmodel-AppliedtoSusitnareachdownstreamfromdamsiteforsimulatingdambreakconditions.Two-orthree-dimensionaldymanicflowmodel(numeric)oralterna-tivelyananalyticalsolutiontechnique.6-4-Appliedtotheproposedreservoirtosimulateland-slideinducedsurges ComputerModelStudiesContinued:One-,two-andthree-dimensionalwaterqualitymodelsReservoirsedimentdepositionmodel-Appliedtothereservoiranddown-streamchannelreachestosimulatewaterqualitychanges.-Appliedtoreservoirpredictlocationofsedimentdeposition(onlyifrequiredandconsideredtobere1iab1e).Spi11ways(2)HydraulicModelStudiesDiversionfacilities(includinganicecover)-Torefinedesignofdiversionfacilities(designforicecon-ditionsanderosionprotection)-Torefinedesignofspill~Jayandplungepoolfacilities,determinestage-dischargerelation-shipsandminimizeairentrainmentinplungepools.Glacialstudiesmayalsohavetobeundertaken.Ifsignifi-cantfuturechangesintheglacialregimeareanticipated,amoreintensivefieldprogramwouldberequiredtomonitorthesechanges.Ifnecessary,projectdesignand/oroperationwouldhavetobemodifiedtosuitthepredictedchanges.(vi)SedimentYieldandRiverMorphologyThesedimentyieldandrivermorphologyanalysisundertakenunderTask3actionwillbereviewedand,ifnecessary,modifiedbyincorporatingadditionaldata.(vii)AccessRoadStudiesAdditionalhydrauliccalculationswillbeundertakentodeterminethedimensionsofallbridgesandculverts.(b)LicenseOnlyCertaindatacollectionactivitieswillbecontinuedinordertoimprovethecurrentlimitedhydrologicalandmeteorologicaldatabase.6-5ComputerModelStudiesContinued:One-,two-andthree-dimensionalwaterqualitymodelsReservoirsedimentdepositionmodel-Appliedtothereservoiranddown-streamchannelreachestosimulatewaterqualitychanges.-Appliedtoreservoirpredictlocationofsedimentdeposition(onlyifrequiredandconsideredtobere1iab1e).Spi11ways(2)HydraulicModelStudiesDiversionfacilities(includinganicecover)-Torefinedesignofdiversionfacilities(designforicecon-ditionsanderosionprotection)-Torefinedesignofspill~Jayandplungepoolfacilities,determinestage-dischargerelation-shipsandminimizeairentrainmentinplungepools.Glacialstudiesmayalsohavetobeundertaken.Ifsignifi-cantfuturechangesintheglacialregimeareanticipated,amoreintensivefieldprogramwouldberequiredtomonitorthesechanges.Ifnecessary,projectdesignand/oroperationwouldhavetobemodifiedtosuitthepredictedchanges.(vi)SedimentYieldandRiverMorphologyThesedimentyieldandrivermorphologyanalysisundertakenunderTask3actionwillbereviewedand,ifnecessary,modifiedbyincorporatingadditionaldata.(vii)AccessRoadStudiesAdditionalhydrauliccalculationswillbeundertakentodeterminethedimensionsofallbridgesandculverts.(b)LicenseOnlyCertaindatacollectionactivitieswillbecontinuedinordertoimprovethecurrentlimitedhydrologicalandmeteorologicaldatabase.6-5 Inthiscategory,forexample,isincludedoperationandaminimumlevelofmaintenanceofstreamgaugesandseveralclimatestations.InstreamflowstudiesdescribedinSectionA5underSubtask3.10willcontinuetoensurecompletesatisfactionofneedsexpressedbyDNR,ADFG,andtheUSFWS.A6.4-SeismicityStudies(a)FastTrackThelong-termseismicnetworkdesignedunderthepre-licenseapplicationphasewillbeinstalledandmonitoredandthedataassembledandprocessed.A6.5-GeotechnicalExploration(a)FastTrackDetaileddrillingandinsitupermeabilitytestingwilbeconductedattheWatanasitetoimprovedelineationofthestratigraphyandtoidentifyrockpropertiesbothfordamfoundationsandundergroundpowerhouses.Thiswillincludeboreholephotographyandconventionaldownholepermeabilitytesting.Atthedamsites,pumptestswillbeconductedtodetermineaccuratelythepermeabilityofmaterialsinthedamfoundations.Amoredetaileddri11ingprogramwillbeundertakenintheborrowareastodelineateapproximatelythreetimestheborrowmaterialsrequiredtoprovidealternativesandcontingencies.Sieveanalysis,Atterburglimitsandmoistureprofilesaswellashardnesstestsforaggregateswillbeperformedtoidentifymaterials.Staticanddynamictriaxialtestswithporepressuremeasurementswillberunonreconstitutedsamplestorepresentin-placematerialsinthedam.Inaddition,constantmeannormalstresstriaxialtestsandresonantcolumntestswi11beperformedtodeterminedynamicandstaticelasticparameters.Drillingprogramsintheborrowareaswillbesupplementedbyseismicsurveystodelineatestratigraphyandprovideamorecompletepicture.Laboratorytestingwillbeundertakentoevaluatedynamicsoilpropertiesundersimulatedearthquakeloadingconditions.(b)LicenseOnlyNofurtherworkunderTask5willbeundertakenexceptasnecessarytosupportFERCrequests.Monitoringoftheshorttermseismicnetworkwillcontinuethroughthelicensingperiod.A6.6-DesignDevelopment(a)FastTrackTheobjectiveofprojectdesigndevelopmentactivitiesfollowingsubmissionoftheFERClicenseapplicationisessentiallytocontinue6-6Inthiscategory,forexample,isincludedoperationandamlnlmumlevelofmaintenanceofstreamgaugesandseveralclimatestations.InstreamflowstudiesdescribedinSectionA5underSubtask3.10willcontinuetoensurecompletesatisfactionofneedsexpressedbyDNR,ADFG,andtheUSFWS.A6.4-SeismicityStudies(a)FastTrackThelong-termseismicnetworkdesignedunderthepre-licenseapplicationphasewillbeinstalledandmonitoredandthedataassembledandprocessed.A6.5-GeotechnicalExploration(a)FastTrackDetaileddrillingandinsitupermeabilitytestingwilbeconductedattheWatanasitetoimprovedelineationofthestratigraphyandtoidentifyrockpropertiesbothfordamfoundationsandundergroundpowerhouses.Thiswillincludeboreholephotographyandconventionaldownholepermeabilitytesting.Atthedamsites,pumptestswillbeconductedtodetermineaccuratelythepermeabilityofmaterialsinthedamfoundations.Amoredetaileddri11ingprogramwillbeundertakenintheborrowareastodelineateapproximatelythreetimestheborrowmaterialsrequiredtoprovidealternativesandcontingencies.Sieveanalysis,Atterburglimitsandmoistureprofilesaswellashardnesstestsforaggregateswillbeperformedtoidentifymaterials.Staticanddynamictriaxialtestswithporepressuremeasurementswillberunonreconstitutedsamplestorepresentin-placematerialsinthedam.Inaddition,constantmeannormalstresstriaxialtestsandresonantcolumntestswi11beperformedtodeterminedynamicandstaticelasticparameters.Drillingprogramsintheborrowareaswillbesupplementedbyseismicsurveystodelineatestratigraphyandprovideamorecompletepicture.Laboratorytestingwillbeundertakentoevaluatedynamicsoilpropertiesundersimulatedearthquakeloadingconditions.(b)LicenseOnlyNofurtherworkunderTask5wi11beundertakenexceptasnecessarytosupportFERCrequests.Monitoringoftheshorttermseismicnetworkwillcontinuethroughthelicensingperiod.A6.6-DesignDevelopment(a)FastTrackTheobjectiveofprojectdesigndevelopmentactivitiesfollowingsubmissionoftheFERClicenseapplicationisessentiallytocontinue6-6 designactivitiestotheextentnecessaryforprojectconstructiontocommenceassoonaspossibleafterawardof1icense.ForthepurposesofthisPOS,ithasbeenassumedthatonesite,probablyWatana,willbedevelopedfirst.Thusactivitiesduringthisperiodofapproxi-mately2-1/2yearswillbedevotedtodesignoftheWatanaProjectandthepreparationofbiddocumentsandcompletionofthebiddingprocessforthediversionsystem.ResponsestoFERCrequestsforadditionaldesigndatapriortoawardoflicensewillalsobeprovided.Thedesigndevelopmentconceptduringthisperiodwillbegearedtothemethodsofconstructionandthecontractpackagingproposedasaresul,toffeasibilitystudiespriortolicenseapplication.Itismostlikelythatcontractswillbepackagedinaccordancewithconstructionschedulerequirementsoveraperiodofsomeyears.Thus,tominimizethefinancialrisks,preconstructiondesigndevelopmentcostswillbeappropriatelyspreadoveraperiodofmorethan2-1/2years,dependingontherecommendedphasingofawardofconstructionandequipmentsupplycontracts.Theworktobeundertakenwillincludethefollowing:-UpdateofDesignCriteriaManual-Engineeringsupportforconstructionofaccessroads-Engineeringstudies,stabilityanalyses,permafrostthawanalysisanddesignsforexcavation,rocksupport,foundationtreatment,grouting,drainage,embankmentmaterialsourcesandplacement,steelandconcretestructuresandmechanicalandelectricalequipmentdesignandselectionfor:DamsSpi11waysIntakesPenstocksSurgetanks(ifrequired)TailracesDiversionfacilitiesPowerfacilitiesS~litchyardsMechanical/electricalequipmentReservoirsandsitefacilitiesDuringthisphase,studiesformajordamsandstructureswillincludedeterminationofdesignaspectssuchasthefollowing:-geotechnicalcriteriawithrespecttootherdisciplinessuchashydraulic,civil,etc.-designparametersfromtheassessmentofthefieldandlaboratoryinvestigationdata-appropriateanalyticaltechniquestomeetthedesigncriteriaforeachtechnicalaspectofthedesign.6-7designactivitiestotheextentnecessaryforprojectconstructiontocommenceassoonaspossibleafterawardof1icense.ForthepurposesofthisPOS,ithasbeenassumedthatonesite,probablyWatana,willbedevelopedfirst.Thusactivitiesduringthisperiodofapproxi-mately2-1/2yearswillbedevotedtodesignoftheWatanaProjectandthepreparationofbiddocumentsandcompletionofthebiddingprocessforthediversionsystem.ResponsestoFERCrequestsforadditionaldesigndatapriortoawardoflicensewillalsobeprovided.Thedesigndevelopmentconceptduringthisperiodwillbegearedtothemethodsofconstructionandthecontractpackagingproposedasaresul,toffeasibilitystudiespriortolicenseapplication.Itismostlikelythatcontractswillbepackagedinaccordancewithconstructionschedulerequirementsoveraperiodofsomeyears.Thus,tominimizethefinancialrisks,preconstructiondesigndevelopmentcostswillbeappropriatelyspreadoveraperiodofmorethan2-1/2years,dependingontherecommendedphasingofawardofconstructionandequipmentsupplycontracts.Theworktobeundertakenwillincludethefollowing:-UpdateofDesignCriteriaManual-Engineeringsupportforconstructionofaccessroads-Engineeringstudies,stabilityanalyses,permafrostthawanalysisanddesignsforexcavation,rocksupport,foundationtreatment,grouting,drainage,embankmentmaterialsourcesandplacement,steelandconcretestructuresandmechanicalandelectricalequipmentdesignandselectionfor:DamsSpi11waysIntakesPenstocksSurgetanks(ifrequired)TailracesDiversionfacilitiesPowerfacilitiesS~litchyardsMechanical/electricalequipmentReservoirsandsitefacilitiesDuringthisphase,studiesformajordamsandstructureswillincludedeterminationofdesignaspectssuchasthefollowing:-geotechnicalcriteriawithrespecttootherdisciplinessuchashydraulic,civil,etc.-designparametersfromtheassessmentofthefieldandlaboratoryinvestigationdata-appropriateanalyticaltechniquestomeetthedesigncriteriaforeachtechnicalaspectofthedesign.6-7 ,(i)DamDesignThemajordesigneffortwillbethedamandthediversionsystem.Themaindesignaspectstobeconsideredinclude:-foundationandabutmentconditions-constructionmaterials-seismiceffects-damsections-cofferdams-diversiontunnelspermafroststudies-constructionsequenceandmethods.Thedetailsthatwillbeconsideredfortheaboveaspectsareasfollows:(1)FoundationandAbutmentConditionsDependingontheextentofriverbedalluvium,excavationrequirementswillbedeterminedforthetypeofcutoff(totalorpartial)andimperviousblanketandotherfoundationtreatments.Excavationrequirementswillincluderemovalofloosealluviumandtalusmaterialsontheabutments.Dewateringrequirementsduringexcavationwillbedeterminedusingfieldpermeabilityvaluesandfieldpumptestdataandselectionofprimaryandsecondarywells.Thefollowingstudiesalsowillbemade:-Seepageanalysesforconditionsduringdiversionandexcavationofthemaindam-Seepagethroughbedrockfoundationandabutmentswithconsiderationofpermafrostzonesthawedpriortoimpoundmentandthawduetoreservoirimpoundments-Groutingrequirementsinthefoundationbedrockandabutmentsandgroutingmethodologyincoldweatherincludingthawanalysis-AbutmentshapingandbedrockstrippingandtreatmentofpermafrostPressurereliefinoverburdenandbedrock.(2)ConstructionMaterialsFurthertestingandevaluationofconstructionmaterialswillcontinuewithrespecttoimperviousandrockfills,tostudystaticanddynamicshearstrengthbehaviorandcrushingpotentialofrockfillsunderhighconfiningdamloadings.Studiesrelatedtoplacingconstraintsdueto6-8r'(i)DamDesignThemajordesigneffortwillbethedamandthediversionsystem.Themaindesignaspectstobeconsideredinclude:-foundationandabutmentconditions-constructionmaterials-seismiceffects-damsections-cofferdams-diversiontunnels-permafroststudies-constructionsequenceandmethods.Thedetailsthatwillbeconsideredfortheaboveaspectsareasfollows:(1)FoundationandAbutmentConditionsDependingontheextentofriverbedalluvium,excavationrequirementswillbedeterminedforthetypeofcutoff(totalorpartial)andimperviousblanketandotherfoundationtreatments.Excavationrequirementswillincluderemovalofloosealluviumandtalusmaterialsontheabutments.Dewateringrequirementsduringexcavationwillbedeterminedusingfieldpermeabilityvaluesandfieldpumptestdataandselectionofprimaryandsecondarywells.Thefollowingstudiesalsowillbemade:-Seepageanalysesforconditionsduringdiversionandexcavationofthemaindam-Seepagethroughbedrockfoundationandabutmentswithconsiderationofpermafrostzonesthawedpriortoimpoundmentandthawduetoreservoirimpoundments-Groutingrequirementsinthefoundationbedrockandabutmentsandgroutingmethodologyincoldweatherincludingthawanalysis-AbutmentshapingandbedrockstrippingandtreatmentofpermafrostPressurereliefinoverburdenandbedrock.(2)ConstructionMaterialsFurthertestingandevaluationofconstructionmaterialswillcontinuewithrespecttoimperviousandrockfills,tostudystaticanddynamicshearstrengthbehaviorandcrushingpotentialofrockfillsunderhighconfiningdamloadings.Studiesrelatedtoplacingconstraintsdueto6-8 tocoldweather,exploitationandhaulingmethodsalongwithtestfillswillbeperformed.Excessmoisturecontentsintheimperviousfillsandmethodsofhandlingwillbedetermined.Availabilityandadequacyoffilteranddrainagematerialswillbeconfirmed.Thisaspectisparticularlyimportantasunusuallylargezonethicknessesofsuchmaterialwillberequiredfortheearth/rockfilldam,asadefenseagainstseismiceffects.(3)SeismicEffectsTheseismicdesigninthisphasewillconsiderindetailthefollowingaspects:-Reviewindetailoftheearthquakedesignspectrum,thepreliminarydesignandfindingsfromprelicensingstudies.-Evaluationofthecyclicmobilityandtheliquefactionpotentialofthefoundationandembankmentmaterialsandconsiderationofthevariousalternativemethodsofminimizingthedamageassociatedwiththeseproblems.-Evaluationofthepotentialforgenerationanddissipationofporewaterpressuresintheembankmentandfoundationmaterialsandthepossiblelossofstrengththatmayaccrueasaresultoftheseporepressuresduringandfollowinganearthquake.Dynamicanalysistechniqueswillbeusedfortheevaluationandpredictionoffieldperformance.-Employmentoffiniteelementtechniquestostudythedynamicresponseandthetimehistoryofstressesanddeformations.Nonlinearmaterialpropertiesandtheinteractionbetweenthedamandthereservoirwi11begivenadequateconsideration.-Selectionofcriteriaforsoilplacementandimprovementbyconsideringthestabilityanddeformationsduringearthquakeloadings.-Provisionofanadequatesystemoffilterandtransitionzonestoensureprogressiveerosionthroughcontinuouscracksresultingfromearthquakeshakingcanbeminimized.-Provisionofwidecoreswithself-healinganderosionresistantpropertiesintheeventcrackingdevelopsduringanearthquake.Considerationofseismiceffectsinregardtoproperarrangementofcore,transitionzones,filtersandshells.6-9tocoldweather,exploitationandhaulingmethodsalongwithtestfillswillbeperformed.Excessmoisturecontentsintheimperviousfillsandmethodsofhandlingwillbedetermined.Availabilityandadequacyoffilteranddrainagematerialswillbeconfirmed.Thisaspectisparticularlyimportantasunusuallylargezonethicknessesofsuchmaterialwillberequiredfortheearth/rockfilldam,asadefenseagainstseismiceffects.(3)SeismicEffectsTheseismicdesigninthisphasewillconsiderindetailthefollowingaspects:-Reviewindetailoftheearthquakedesignspectrum,thepreliminarydesignandfindingsfromprelicensingstudies.-Evaluationofthecyclicmobilityandtheliquefactionpotentialofthefoundationandembankmentmaterialsandconsiderationofthevariousalternativemethodsofminimizingthedamageassociatedwiththeseproblems.-Evaluationofthepotentialforgenerationanddissipationofporewaterpressuresintheembankmentandfoundationmaterialsandthepossiblelossofstrengththatmayaccrueasaresultoftheseporepressuresduringandfollowinganearthquake.Dynamicanalysistechniqueswillbeusedfortheevaluationandpredictionoffieldperformance.-Employmentoffiniteelementtechniquestostudythedynamicresponseandthetimehistoryofstressesanddeformations.Nonlinearmaterialpropertiesandtheinteractionbetweenthedamandthereservoirwi11begivenadequateconsideration.-Selectionofcriteriaforsoilplacementandimprovementbyconsideringthestabilityanddeformationsduringearthquakeloadings.-Provisionofanadequatesystemoffilterandtransitionzonestoensureprogressiveerosionthroughcontinuouscracksresultingfromearthquakeshakingcanbeminimized.-Provisionofwidecoreswithself-healinganderosionresistantpropertiesintheeventcrackingdevelopsduringanearthquake.Considerationofseismiceffectsinregardtoproperarrangementofcore,transitionzones,filtersandshells.6-9 Basedontheevaluationofengineeringconditionsoftherock,designcriteriawillbeestablishedforrockexcavation,rockreinforcementandrocksupportsystems.Groutingrequirementstotreatthemassrockagainstseepageandup1iftandthepressurereliefrequirementswillbedetermined.(ii)PowerhouseDesignRockmechanicsdesignstudieswillbeundertakentoprepareasemi-detaileddesignofthepowerhousecavernsandtofirmupthelocationandalignmentbasedondataobtainedduringexplorationactivites.(iii)OtherDesignActivitesSpi11wayandintakestructurewillbefoundedonrock.Thestudywillinvolvedetaileddesigntreatmenttoproviderocksupportandpressurereliefsystemstoensurestabilityofthestructures.Rockslopestabilityofthespillwayfoundationandsideslopeswillbeassessedintermsofthepotentialpresenceofweakzonesofrocksuchasshearzonesandjointsets,forvariousloadingconditionswithandwithoutseismiceffects.Intaketunnelstructureswillinvolveevaluationofthestructuralgeology,suchasfaults,shearzonesandjointsetsinordertoestablishthecompetencyofthemassrocktosupportthegatestructures.Thedesignwillinvolvedeterminationofconsolidationgrouting,rockreinforcement,concretelining,etc.Thedesignofintakestructureswilllargelybegovernedbygeologicandhydraulicconsiderations.Studiesanddesignsofstructureswillbetakentothepointofproducingdrawingsinsufficientdetailforbidpurposes.(iv)BidDocumentsforWatanaDiversionSystemBiddocumentsfortheWatanadiversionsystemwillbepreparedandissuedonbehalfofAPAforbidding.Thesedocumentswillincludespecificationsanddrawingsadequateforbiddingpurposes.BidswillbeevaluatedandarecommendationmadetoAPAforanawardofthecontracttoallowconstructiontocommenceonreceiptoftheFERClicenseandothernecessarypermits.(b)LicenseOnlyNofurtherworkunderTask6willbeundertakenexceptasnecessarytosupportFERCrequests.6-10rLBasedontheevaluationofengineeringconditionsoftherock,designcriteriawillbeestablishedforrockexcavation,rockreinforcementandrocksupportsystems.Groutingrequirementstotreatthemassrockagainstseepageandup1iftandthepressurereliefrequirementswillbedetermined.(ii)PowerhouseDesignRockmechanicsdesignstudieswillbeundertakentoprepareasemi-detaileddesignofthepowerhousecavernsandtofirmupthelocationandalignmentbasedondataobtainedduringexplorationactivites.(iii)OtherDesignActivitesSpi11wayandintakestructurewillbefoundedonrock.Thestudywillinvolvedetaileddesigntreatmenttoproviderocksupportandpressurereliefsystemstoensurestabilityofthestructures.Rockslopestabilityofthespillwayfoundationandsideslopeswillbeassessedintermsofthepotentialpresenceofweakzonesofrocksuchasshearzonesandjointsets,forvariousloadingconditionswithandwithoutseismiceffects.Intaketunnelstructureswillinvolveevaluationofthestructuralgeology,suchasfaults,shearzonesandjointsetsinordertoestablishthecompetencyofthemassrocktosupportthegatestructures.Thedesignwillinvolvedeterminationofconsolidationgrouting,rockreinforcement,concretelining,etc.Thedesignofintakestructureswilllargelybegovernedbygeologicandhydraulicconsiderations.Studiesanddesignsofstructureswillbetakentothepointofproducingdrawingsinsufficientdetailforbidpurposes.(iv)BidDocumentsforWatanaDiversionSystemBiddocumentsfortheWatanadiversionsystemwillbepreparedandissuedonbehalfofAPAforbidding.Thesedocumentswillincludespecificationsanddrawingsadequateforbiddingpurposes.BidswillbeevaluatedandarecommendationmadetoAPAforanawardofthecontracttoallowconstructiontocommenceonreceiptoftheFERClicenseandothernecessarypermits.(b)LicenseOnlyNofurtherworkunderTask6willbeundertakenexceptasnecessarytosupportFERCrequests.6-10 A6.7-EnvironmentalStudiesSubsequenttosubmissionoftheFERClicenseapplication,somestudiesplannedandinitiatedpriortolicenseapplicationsubmissionmustbecompleted.Theextendedtimeperiodrequiredforcompletionofsomeoftheenvironmentalsubtasksisduetooneormoreofthefollowingreasons:-Therequiredinputtoaspecificenvironmentalsubtaskmustwaitcomple-tionofothertaskssuchassurveys,hydrologicalstudies,geotechnicalexplorationordesigndevelopment.-Thelengthoflifecyclethatshouldbeobservedfortheenvironmentalelementbeingstudiedisgreaterthanthe30monthspre-licenseapplica-tionperiod,particularlyforanadromousfishandbiggame.-Theactivitytobecompletedisaslowlydevelopingstudythatrequireslongertimeperiodsinordertoobtaininputfromallrelevantgroupssuchassocioeconomicanalysis.-Mitigationefforts,suchasarcheologicalexcavations,aredependentupontimeofdiscovery.-InputfromFERCisdesirablebeforethestudyiscompleted.-Someactivitiesdonotstartuntilalicenseapplicationissubmitted,i.e.,responsetointerrogatoryorpreparationoftestimony.Asaresulttheenvironmentalstudyteamanticipatesworktocontinueonatleastthefollowingsubtasksintothepost-licenseapplicationphaseoftheoverallproject:-monitoringoffieldactivities-completionofthesocioeconomicanalyses-finalregistration,documentationandfieldinvesigationofarcheologicalorhistoricalresources-completionofthelanduseanalysis-completionoftherecreationplandevelopment-assessmentofthefinalizedtransmissioncorridor-completionofthefish,wildlifeandplantecologicalbaselinestudiesandimpactanalysisAdditionalstudiestobecompletedbytheenvironmentalstudyteaminsupportofFERClicensewouldinclude:-constructionimpactanalysis-operationalimpactanalysis-preparationofexperttestimonyandresponsetointerrogatories-Finally,completionand/orrevisionandamendmentofFERClicenseapplicationexhibits.Anticipatedworkeffortontheabovelistedfollow-onstudiesisdiscussedinthefollowingparagraphs.UnlikepreviousTasks3,5,and6,thistaskwillstillbeconcernedwithboththeWatanaandDevilCanyonsites.6-11A6.7-EnvironmentalStudiesSubsequenttosubmissionoftheFERClicenseapplication,somestudiesplannedandinitiatedpriortolicenseapplicationsubmissionmustbecompleted.Theextendedtimeperiodrequiredforcompletionofsomeoftheenvironmentalsubtasksisduetooneormoreofthefollowingreasons:-Therequiredinputtoaspecificenvironmentalsubtaskmustwaitcomple-tionofothertaskssuchassurveys,hydrologicalstudies,geotechnicalexplorationordesigndevelopment.-Thelengthoflifecyclethatshouldbeobservedfortheenvironmentalelementbeingstudiedisgreaterthanthe30monthspre-licenseapplica-tionperiod,particularlyforanadromousfishandbiggame.-Theactivitytobecompletedisaslowlydevelopingstudythatrequireslongertimeperiodsinordertoobtaininputfromallrelevantgroupssuchassocioeconomicanalysis.-Mitigationefforts,suchasarcheologicalexcavations,aredependentupontimeofdiscovery.-InputfromFERCisdesirablebeforethestudyiscompleted.-Someactivitiesdonotstartuntilalicenseapplicationissubmitted,i.e.,responsetointerrogatoryorpreparationoftestimony.Asaresulttheenvironmentalstudyteamanticipatesworktocontinueonatleastthefollowingsubtasksintothepost-licenseapplicationphaseoftheoverallproject:-monitoringoffieldactivities-completionofthesocioeconomicanalyses-finalregistration,documentationandfieldinvesigationofarcheologicalorhistoricalresources-completionofthelanduseanalysis-completionoftherecreationplandevelopment-assessmentofthefinalizedtransmissioncorridor-completionofthefish,wildlifeandplantecologicalbaselinestudiesandimpactanalysisAdditionalstudiestobecompletedbytheenvironmentalstudyteaminsupportofFERClicensewouldinclude:-constructionimpactanalysis-operationalimpactanalysis-preparationofexperttestimonyandresponsetointerrogatories-Finally,completionand/orrevisionandamendmentofFERClicenseapplicationexhibits.Anticipatedworkeffortontheabovelistedfollow-onstudiesisdiscussedinthefollowingparagraphs.UnlikepreviousTasks3,5,and6,thistaskwillstillbeconcernedwithboththeWatanaandDevilCanyonsites.6-11 (a)LandUseAnalysisDuringthisphasetheinformationthatwasgeneratedinthepre-licenseapplicationphasewillberefinedwiththefocusonthelandsthathavebeendeterminedtobedirectlyimpactedbytheproject.Thisrefinementwillaimtowardstheeliminationofdatavoids,additionalinvestigationofimportantleads,andthedevelopmentofamoredetaileddescriptionoftheimpactedareas.Additionalinter-viewsandfieldreconnaissancewillbeconducted.Theprimaryemphasisofthisphasewillbethepredictionandevaluationoftheimpactsoncurrentandfuturelandusethatwouldresultfromthedevelopmentoftheproject.ThecriticalconcernsthatwereidentifiedinPhaseIwillbere-evaluatedonthegroundandinconsultationwiththerelevantprojectspecialists,andadditionalstudythathasbeendeterminedtobenecessarywillbeconducted.Atthatpoint,theteamwillsegregategraphicallyandsummarizetheactualchangesexpectedtobecausedbythedevelopmentandoperationoftheproject.Thedetailedspecialists'reportswillbetheprimarysourcedocumentsonthespecificimpacts.Theimpactsassociatedwiththesechanges,asreportedbythespecialists,willalsobesummarizedandidentifiedwithspecificlocales(zonesofchange)withintheprojectarea.Themagnitude,duration,andsignificanceoftheimpactswillbeevaluatedanddiscussed.Theimpactswillbeevaluatedforboththeconstructionandoperationphasesoftheproject.Adiscussionofmeasuresthatcouldbeusedtomitigatetheadverseeffectswillbeprovided.TheseresultswillbeevaluatedinternallythroughTESstaffandexternallythroughthelandowners,managementagencies,andgovernmentofficials.Revisionswillbemadewithminimaladditionalfieldworkandpresentedinthesupplementaryenvironmentalreport.(b)RecreationPlanDevelopmentThegoaloftherecreationplanningprocessistodevelopamasterareaplanbasedontheperceptionsofthepublic,thelimitationsoftheresources,theplanningguidelinesofthemanagingagencies,andcompatibilitywiththeproposedoperationoftheprojectandotherpublicusesoftheland.PhaseI(pre-licenseapplication)oftheplanningprocesswillresultinananalysisoftheavailableliterature,preliminaryprojectionsofrecreationaluse,andapreliminaryassessmentoftheresourcepotentialforrecreation.ThepreliminaryinformationgeneratedinPhaseIwillberefinedinPhaseII(post-licenseapplication)inresponsetodetailedplansfortheconstructionandoperationoftheprojectanddatageneratedbyotherdisciplines(e.g.socioeconomic,fishandwildlife).TheprojectlandswillbeinitiallyevaluatedinPhaseItodeterminetheareasthathavethegreatestpotentialforrecreationaldevelop-ment.DuringPhaseIIthepotentialareas,visitorattractionsandrelatedmanagementconcernswillbelocatedonabasemapand6-12(a)LandUseAnalysisDuringthisphasetheinformationthatwasgeneratedinthepre-licenseapplicationphasewillberefinedwiththefocusonthelandsthathavebeendeterminedtobedirectlyimpactedbytheproject.Thisrefinementwillaimtowardstheeliminationofdatavoids,additionalinvestigationofimportantleads,andthedevelopmentofamoredetaileddescriptionoftheimpactedareas.Additionalinter-viewsandfieldreconnaissancewillbeconducted.Theprimaryemphasisofthisphasewillbethepredictionandevaluationoftheimpactsoncurrentandfuturelandusethatwouldresultfromthedevelopmentoftheproject.ThecriticalconcernsthatwereidentifiedinPhaseIwillbere-evaluatedonthegroundandinconsultationwiththerelevantprojectspecialists,andadditionalstudythathasbeendeterminedtobenecessarywillbeconducted.Atthatpoint,theteamwillsegregategraphicallyandsummarizetheactualchangesexpectedtobecausedbythedevelopmentandoperationoftheproject.Thedetailedspecialists'reportswillbetheprimarysourcedocumentsonthespecificimpacts.Theimpactsassociatedwiththesechanges,asreportedbythespecialists,willalsobesummarizedandidentifiedwithspecificlocales(zonesofchange)withintheprojectarea.Themagnitude,duration,andsignificanceoftheimpactswillbeevaluatedanddiscussed.Theimpactswillbeevaluatedforboththeconstructionandoperationphasesoftheproject.Adiscussionofmeasuresthatcouldbeusedtomitigatetheadverseeffectswillbeprovided.TheseresultswillbeevaluatedinternallythroughTESstaffandexternallythroughthelandowners,managementagencies,andgovernmentofficials.Revisionswillbemadewithminimaladditionalfieldworkandpresentedinthesupplementaryenvironmentalreport.(b)RecreationPlanDevelopmentThegoaloftherecreationplanningprocessistodevelopamasterareaplanbasedontheperceptionsofthepublic,thelimitationsoftheresources,theplanningguidelinesofthemanagingagencies,andcompatibilitywiththeproposedoperationoftheprojectandotherpublicusesoftheland.PhaseI(pre-licenseapplication)oftheplanningprocesswillresultinananalysisoftheavailableliterature,preliminaryprojectionsofrecreationaluse,andapreliminaryassessmentoftheresourcepotentialforrecreation.ThepreliminaryinformationgeneratedinPhaseIwillberefinedinPhaseII(post-licenseapplication)inresponsetodetailedplansfortheconstructionandoperationoftheprojectanddatageneratedbyotherdisciplines(e.g.socioeconomic,fishandwildlife).TheprojectlandswillbeinitiallyevaluatedinPhaseItodeterminetheareasthathavethegreatestpotentialforrecreationaldevelop-ment.DuringPhaseIIthepotentialareas,visitorattractionsandrelatedmanagementconcernswillbelocatedonabasemapand6-12 Certaincompatibleandevaluatedinmoredetailduringbrieffieldreconnaissances.Standardizedcriteriawillbeutilizedtoeliminatepersonalbiasinthefieldsiteevaluationprocess.Afterthefieldsuitabilitystudiesarecompleted,thosesitesthatareidentifiedashavingthegreatestpotentialforspecificopportunitieswillbefurtherevaluatedinthefieldtodeterminetheirfeasibilityintermsofprovidingspecificexperiences,sitedurability,safetyhazardsandrelatedimpacts.Itisimportanttorelatethedevelopmentaswellaspossibletotherequirementsofthemanagingagency.Themanagementstaffoftheagencywillbeinterviewedtodeterminetheirbasicmanagementgoals,theirlegalmandatetooperatesuchanarea,experienceinsuchoperations,probablefunding,andspecificsite/facilityrequirementsinorderforthemtobeacceptabletotheagency.Priortotheformationoftheconceptplans,theinformationthathasbeengatheredandgeneratedduringtheplanningprocess(includinginformationfromotherprojectspecialists)willbeevaluatedandconclusionssynthesizedtoestablishtheprogramgoalsandobjectives.Theobjectiveswillbedevelopedbasedon:-Userperceptionsintermsofdesiredrecreationalopportunities,levelsofdevelopment,andvisitorservices.-Uniquescenicandnaturallandscapefeaturesandhowthesemightbeincorporatedintotheplan.-Suitabilityoftheresourcetoprovidespecifickindsofrecreationandthedurabilitytosustainthatuse.-Compatibilitywithhydroelectricprojectoperations.activities,developmentsortheirlocationmaynotbemustbereviewedwiththedesignengineers.-Compatibilitywithotherlanduse.Existingandfuturelanduseswillbedescribed,andthecompatibilityoftheproposedrecreationdevelopmentwiththeselanduseswillbeevaluated.-Potentialmanagementproblems.Potentialproblemsandtheirlocationwillbebrainstormedandplacedonabasemap.Problemssuchasnaturalhazardscanbeavoidedinthesiteselectionprocess;otherproblemsmaybeovercomebypropersitedesigns;stillotherscanbemitigatedthroughinformationalprograms.-Probablemanagingagency.Theplanshouldfitwithinthescopeoftheagency.Oncetheprogramobjectives(activities,experiencelevels,andnecessarysiteandfacilitydevelopment)areestablished,theevaluativecriteriaforeachobjectivewillbeestablished.Thenthreedistinctlydifferentconceptplanswillbedevelopedthatatleastminimallymeetthoseobjectives.Theseconceptplanswillbecritiquedinrelationtotheevaluativecriteria.6-13Certaincompatibleandevaluatedinmoredetailduringbrieffieldreconnaissances.Standardizedcriteriawillbeutilizedtoeliminatepersonalbiasinthefieldsiteevaluationprocess.Afterthefieldsuitabilitystudiesarecompleted,thosesitesthatareidentifiedashavingthegreatestpotentialforspecificopportunitieswillbefurtherevaluatedinthefieldtodeterminetheirfeasibilityintermsofprovidingspecificexperiences,sitedurability,safetyhazardsandrelatedimpacts.Itisimportanttorelatethedevelopmentaswellaspossibletotherequirementsofthemanagingagency.Themanagementstaffoftheagencywillbeinterviewedtodeterminetheirbasicmanagementgoals,theirlegalmandatetooperatesuchanarea,experienceinsuchoperations,probablefunding,andspecificsite/facilityrequirementsinorderforthemtobeacceptabletotheagency.Priortotheformationoftheconceptplans,theinformationthathasbeengatheredandgeneratedduringtheplanningprocess(includinginformationfromotherprojectspecialists)willbeevaluatedandconclusionssynthesizedtoestablishtheprogramgoalsandobjectives.Theobjectiveswillbedevelopedbasedon:-Userperceptionsintermsofdesiredrecreationalopportunities,levelsofdevelopment,andvisitorservices.-Uniquescenicandnaturallandscapefeaturesandhowthesemightbeincorporatedintotheplan.-Suitabilityoftheresourcetoprovidespecifickindsofrecreationandthedurabilitytosustainthatuse.-Compatibilitywithhydroelectricprojectoperations.activities,developmentsortheirlocationmaynotbemustbereviewedwiththedesignengineers.-Compatibilitywithotherlanduse.Existingandfuturelanduseswillbedescribed,andthecompatibilityoftheproposedrecreationdevelopmentwiththeselanduseswillbeevaluated.-Potentialmanagementproblems.Potentialproblemsandtheirlocationwillbebrainstormedandplacedonabasemap.Problemssuchasnaturalhazardscanbeavoidedinthesiteselectionprocess;otherproblemsmaybeovercomebypropersitedesigns;stillotherscanbemitigatedthroughinformationalprograms.-Probablemanagingagency.Theplanshouldfitwithinthescopeoftheagency.Oncetheprogramobjectives(activities,experiencelevels,andnecessarysiteandfacilitydevelopment)areestablished,theevaluativecriteriaforeachobjectivewillbeestablished.Thenthreedistinctlydifferentconceptplanswillbedevelopedthatatleastminimallymeetthoseobjectives.Theseconceptplanswillbecritiquedinrelationtotheevaluativecriteria.6-13 Atrade-offtablewillsummarizehoweachoftheconceptplanswereratedforeachobjective.Afterthisapanelofexperts(agencyandconsultants)willbeaskedtocritiquethisevaluation.Adjustmentswi11thenbemadeandthefinalplanwi11beselectedthatbestmeetstheobjectivesandtheircriteria.ThefinalMasterAreaPlanwillincludemapsshowingthelocationoftheprojectlandsandwatersthatwillbedevelopedforrecreationaluses,initiallyandinthefuture.Itwillidentifythelocation,type,andnumberofthevariousrecreationalfacilitiesplanned,initiallyandinthefuture.Thepredictionsofrecreationaluseofthefacilitieswi11bediscussed.Themanagementresponsibilitiesforthevariousfacilitieswillbedescribedandascheduleofrecreationaldevelopmentandcostestimateswillalsobeincluded.ThisMasterAreaPlanisdesignedinaccordancewiththerequirementsofExhibitRofaFERClicenseapplication,underexistingguidelines.Modifications,ifneeded,canbemadetoconformwiththeupcomingrevisionofFERCrequirements.ThedevelopmentoftheplanisscheduledtobegininPhaseIandtobecompletedinPhaseII,afterdetailedhydroelectricdesignspecificationsandoperationalinformationareavailable.(c)SocioeconomicAnalysisAftertheinitiallicenseapplicationsubmission,emphasiswillbeplaceduponanalyzingandassessingsignificantimpactsatlocal,regional,andstatelevels.Examplesofsuchimpactsare(1)thepossibleinfluenceoflowelectricityratesonthegrowthofmanufacturingandprocessingindustriesintheregionsurroundingtheproject,and(2)thepressuretodevelopinnewareasasaresultofimprovedaccess.Eachofthesepotentialimpactscouldsignificantlyaffectpopulationandemploymentlevels,businessactivity,land-usepatterns,andothersocioeconomicconditions.Theimpactanalysisandassessmentwillthereforeaddressimmediateprojectimpactsaswellastheimplicationsofsuchimpactsforimportantsocioeconomicconditions.Additionally,thestudywillfocusontheeffectsoftheprojectonimportantcommercial,recreationalandsubsistencefishandwildliferesources.Itisknownthatsomeoftheseresourcesareofsubstantialvaluetousergroupsandthatchangesintheavailabilityoftheseresourcescouldhavefar-rangingeffects.Thedesignofthestudywillalsoallowforin-depthanalysisandassessmentofotherimportantimpactsnotyetfirmlyidentified.Thisflexibilityandadaptabilitywillinsurethateffortisallocatedonlytotheevaluationofrelevantimpacts.6-14Atrade-offtablewillsummarizehoweachoftheconceptplanswereratedforeachobjective.Afterthisapanelofexperts(agencyandconsultants)willbeaskedtocritiquethisevaluation.Adjustmentswi11thenbemadeandthefinalplanwillbeselectedthatbestmeetstheobjectivesandtheircriteria.ThefinalMasterAreaPlanwillincludemapsshowingthelocationoftheprojectlandsandwatersthatwillbedevelopedforrecreationaluses,initiallyandinthefuture.Itwillidentifythelocation,type,andnumberofthevariousrecreationalfacilitiesplanned,initiallyandinthefuture.Thepredictionsofrecreationaluseofthefacilitieswi11bediscussed.Themanagementresponsibilitiesforthevariousfacilitieswillbedescribedandascheduleofrecreationaldevelopmentandcostestimateswillalsobeincluded.ThisMasterAreaPlanisdesignedinaccordancewiththerequirementsofExhibitRofaFERClicenseapplication,underexistingguidelines.Modifications,ifneeded,canbemadetoconformwiththeupcomingrevisionofFERCrequirements.ThedevelopmentoftheplanisscheduledtobegininPhaseIandtobecompletedinPhaseII,afterdetailedhydroelectricdesignspecificationsandoperationalinformationareavailable.(c)SocioeconomicAnalysisAftertheinitiallicenseapplicationsubmission,emphasiswillbeplaceduponanalyzingandassessingsignificantimpactsatlocal,regional,andstatelevels.Examplesofsuchimpactsare(1)thepossibleinfluenceoflowelectricityratesonthegrowthofmanufacturingandprocessingindustriesintheregionsurroundingtheproject,and(2)thepressuretodevelopinnewareasasaresultofimprovedaccess.Eachofthesepotentialimpactscouldsignificantlyaffectpopulationandemploymentlevels,businessactivity,land-usepatterns,andothersocioeconomicconditions.Theimpactanalysisandassessmentwillthereforeaddressimmediateprojectimpactsaswellastheimplicationsofsuchimpactsforimportantsocioeconomicconditions.Additionally,thestudywillfocusontheeffectsoftheprojectonimportantcommercial,recreationalandsubsistencefishandwildliferesources.Itisknownthatsomeoftheseresourcesareofsubstantialvaluetousergroupsandthatchangesintheavailabilityoftheseresourcescouldhavefar-rangingeffects.Thedesignofthestudywillalsoallowforin-depthanalysisandassessmentofotherimportantimpactsnotyetfirmlyidentified.Thisflexibilityandadaptabilitywillinsurethateffortisallocatedonlytotheevaluationofrelevantimpacts.6-14 (d)CulturalResourcesThiseffortrepresentstheconclusionofallarcheologicalfieldinvestigationsandlaboratoryanalyses.Alsotobeincludedisaninvestigationoftheculturalresourcesalongtheprimarytransmissionlinecorridor.Accomplishingthistaskwillinvolvethefollowing:(1)(2)(3)identificationanddocumentationoftheculturalresources,bysite,oftheentirestudyarea,formulationandexplicationofrecommendationsformitigatingconstructionimpactsoneachidentifiedsite,anddevelopmentofadetailedreportcoveringnotonlyculturalresourcesbutalsothosephysicalparametersaffectingculture.Bothstateandfederalregulationsmandatethatallculturalresourcesoftheprojectareabeidentifiedandinventoried;thateffectsoftheprojectoneachresourcesitebedetermined;andthatanyimpactsbemitigatedbeforeanysuchsitesareirreparablydamaged.Proceduresforidentifyinganddiscussingculturalresourcesoftheprimaryone-halfmilewidecorridorwillbethesameasforthestudiespreviouslymentioned.Thefinalculturalresourcesreportwillincludethelocation,descriptionandmitigationrecommendationsforeachsitereported.Thereportwillalsodetailtheanticipatedbudgetforanyarcheologicalexcavationthatisdeemedappropriatepriortoinitiationofconstruction.Thereportwillalsoincludesectionsonculture-influencingfactorssuchasvegetation,fauna,geology,history,prehistoryandnativepopulations.Alltopicaldiscussionwillbefocuseduponassessingtheculturalresourcesoftheentirestudyarea.(e)TransmissionCorridorAssessmentHavingestablishedtheone-halfmilewideprimarycorridorpriortolicenseapplicationsubmission,thesestudieswillbeundertakentofurtherrefinethecorridortoadefinedright-of-waynowiderthanthatwhichwillsatisfytheminimumwidthrequirementsoftheNationa1ElectricSafetyCode.Toaccomplishthis,thefollowingwillbenecessary:(1)(2)(3)(4)provideenvironmentaldatatodesignengineers,applypreviouslyestablishedimpactmitigationprocedurestotheselectedright-of-way,developtheleastimpactright-of-way,andrecommendspecificconstructionimpactmitigationprocedures.Followingthedevelopmentofapreliminaryright-of-way,previouslyestablishedconstructionimpactmitigationprocedureswillbeevaluatedtoinsurethatallanticipatedimpactshavebeenproperlyaddressed.Amongtheimpacttopicstobereviewedare:clearingandslashdisposalmethodologies;streamcrossinganderosioncontrolpractices;andaccessroad,structurelaydownandwire-stringingzoneconstructionmethods.Ifunanticipatedimpactsareidentified,6-15(d)CulturalResourcesThiseffortrepresentstheconclusionofallarcheologicalfieldinvestigationsandlaboratoryanalyses.Alsotobeincludedisaninvestigationoftheculturalresourcesalongtheprimarytransmissionlinecorridor.Accomplishingthistaskwillinvolvethefollowing:(1)(2)(3)identificationanddocumentationoftheculturalresources,bysite,oftheentirestudyarea,formulationandexplicationofrecommendationsformitigatingconstructionimpactsoneachidentifiedsite,anddevelopmentofadetailedreportcoveringnotonlyculturalresourcesbutalsothosephysicalparametersaffectingculture.Bothstateandfederalregulationsmandatethatallculturalresourcesoftheprojectareabeidentifiedandinventoried;thateffectsoftheprojectoneachresourcesitebedetermined;andthatanyimpactsbemitigatedbeforeanysuchsitesareirreparablydamaged.Proceduresforidentifyinganddiscussingculturalresourcesoftheprimaryone-halfmilewidecorridorwillbethesameasforthestudiespreviouslymentioned.Thefinalculturalresourcesreportwillincludethelocation,descriptionandmitigationrecommendationsforeachsitereported.Thereportwillalsodetailtheanticipatedbudgetforanyarcheologicalexcavationthatisdeemedappropriatepriortoinitiationofconstruction.Thereportwillalsoincludesectionsonculture-influencingfactorssuchasvegetation,fauna,geology,history,prehistoryandnativepopulations.Alltopicaldiscussionwillbefocuseduponassessingtheculturalresourcesoftheentirestudyarea.(e)TransmissionCorridorAssessmentHavingestablishedtheone-halfmilewideprimarycorridorpriortolicenseapplicationsubmission,thesestudieswillbeundertakentofurtherrefinethecorridortoadefinedright-of-waynowiderthanthatwhichwillsatisfytheminimumwidthrequirementsoftheNationa1ElectricSafetyCode.Toaccomplishthis,thefollowingwillbenecessary:(1)(2)(3)(4)provideenvironmentaldatatodesignengineers,applypreviouslyestablishedimpactmitigationprocedurestotheselectedright-of-way,developtheleastimpactright-of-way,andrecommendspecificconstructionimpactmitigationprocedures.Followingthedevelopmentofapreliminaryright-of-way,previouslyestablishedconstructionimpactmitigationprocedureswillbeevaluatedtoinsurethatallanticipatedimpactshavebeenproperlyaddressed.Amongtheimpacttopicstobereviewedare:clearingandslashdisposalmethodologies;streamcrossinganderosioncontrolpractices;andaccessroad,structurelaydownandwire-stringingzoneconstructionmethods.Ifunanticipatedimpactsareidentified,6-15 mitigationproceduresaddressingthoseimpactswillbedeveloped.Restorationplanswillbeaddressedforareasofunavoidableimpact.(f)FishEcologyStudiesThesalmonfisherystudiestobeundertakenduringthepost-licenseapplicationperiodwillprovideforcontinuingdatacollectiontoinsurethatacompletebirth-to-reproductioncyclehasbeenexamined.Otherbaselinestudiesdealingwithhabitatandresidentfish,mayalsocontinueintothepost-licenseapplicationperiod.Inaddition,detailedimpactanalysisanddevelopmentofmitigationandmonitoringprogramplanswillbeperformedafterlicenseapplicationsubmission.Thebaselinestudiestobecompletedafterlicenseapplicationsubmission,asproposedbyADF&G,areasfollows:-StockassessmentofadultanadromousfishoftheSusitnaRiverwillcontinuethroughacompletebirth-to-reproductioncycle.-HabitatstudiesoftheSusitnaRiverarescheduledtocontinueintothisperiod.ThesestockassessmentsandhabitatstudiestobeperformedbyADF&Gafterlicenseapplicationsubmission,asdescribedintheirproposal,includethefollowingitems:-InvestigationofthecontributionofSusitnasalmonstocktotheCookInletfishery.Continuationofthisinvestigationintothepost-licenseapplicationperiodwilldependontheoutcomeofthescaleandelectrophoreticfeasibilitystudy.-Studiesofthedistributionofadultandjuvenilesalmoninthelowerriver.Anattempttoidentifynewspawningstocks.Becauseoftheinaccessibilityofmany.areasandtheturbidityofwater,thepossibilityexiststhatunknownspawningstocksmayexist.Duringthecourseoftheentireprogramtheywillbesought.Definitionofseasonalhabitatrequirementsforincubation,rearing,spawningandpassageofanadromousandresidentfishpopulations.-Definitionofseasonalrelationshipsbetweenflowregimensandessentialphysicalandbiologicalhabitatcharacteristics.Thisproject,likeallhydroelectricprojectsinwhichmajorstoragesareinvolved,hasthreetimeperiodsthatmustbeconsideredafterthebaselinestudieshavebeendone.Theseperiodsaretheconstructionperiod,thefillingperiod,andtheplantoperationperiod.Thebaselinestudies,conductedbeforeandafterlicenseapplication,willprovideinformationneededtodevelopcriteriaforlong-termprotectionand,perhaps,enhancementofthefishery.Therefore,inadditiontothecontinuingbaselinestudiestobeconductedbyADF&Gasdescribedabove,TESwilldothefollowingduringthepost-licenseapplicationperiod:6-16mitigationproceduresaddressingthoseimpactswillbedeveloped.Restorationplanswillbeaddressedforareasofunavoidableimpact.(f)FishEcologyStudiesThesalmonfisherystudiestobeundertakenduringthepost-licenseapplicationperiodwillprovideforcontinuingdatacollectiontoinsurethatacompletebirth-to-reproductioncyclehasbeenexamined.Otherbaselinestudiesdealingwithhabitatandresidentfish,mayalsocontinueintothepost-licenseapplicationperiod.Inaddition,detailedimpactanalysisanddevelopmentofmitigationandmonitoringprogramplanswillbeperformedafterlicenseapplicationsubmission.Thebaselinestudiestobecompletedafterlicenseapplicationsubmission,asproposedbyADF&G,areasfollows:-StockassessmentofadultanadromousfishoftheSusitnaRiverwillcontinuethroughacompletebirth-to-reproductioncycle.-HabitatstudiesoftheSusitnaRiverarescheduledtocontinueintothisperiod.ThesestockassessmentsandhabitatstudiestobeperformedbyADF&GafterlicenseapplicationsUbmission,asdescribedintheirproposal,includethefollowingitems:-InvestigationofthecontributionofSusitnasalmonstocktotheCookInletfishery.Continuationofthisinvestigationintothepost-licenseapplicationperiodwilldependontheoutcomeofthescaleandelectrophoreticfeasibilitystudy.-Studiesofthedistributionofadultandjuvenilesalmoninthelowerriver.Anattempttoidentifynewspawningstocks.Becauseoftheinaccessibilityofmanyareasandtheturbidityofwater,thepossibilityexiststhatunknownspawningstocksmayexist.Duringthecourseoftheentireprogramtheywillbesought.Definitionofseasonalhabitatrequirementsforincubation,rearing,spawningandpassageofanadromousandresidentfishpopulations.-Definitionofseasonalrelationshipsbetweenflowregimensandessentialphysicalandbiologicalhabitatcharacteristics.Thisproject,likeallhydroelectricprojectsinwhichmajorstoragesareinvolved,hasthreetimeperiodsthatmustbeconsideredafterthebaselinestudieshavebeendone.Theseperiodsaretheconstructionperiod,thefillingperiod,andtheplantoperationperiod.ThebaselinestUdies,conductedbeforeandafterlicenseapplication,willprovideinformationneededtodevelopcriteriaforlong-termprotectionand,perhaps,enhancementofthefishery.Therefore,inadditiontothecontinuingbaselinestudiestobeconductedbyADF&Gasdescribedabove,TESwilldothefollowingduringthepost-licenseapplicationperiod:6-16mitigationproceduresaddressingthoseimpactswillbedeveloped.Restorationplanswillbeaddressedforareasofunavoidableimpact.(f)FishEcologyStudiesThesalmonfisherystudiestobeundertakenduringthepost-licenseapplicationperiodwillprovideforcontinuingdatacollectiontoinsurethatacompletebirth-to-reproductioncyclehasbeenexamined.Otherbaselinestudiesdealingwithhabitatandresidentfish,mayalsocontinueintothepost-licenseapplicationperiod.Inaddition,detailedimpactanalysisanddevelopmentofmitigationandmonitoringprogramplanswillbeperformedafterlicenseapplicationsubmission.Thebaselinestudiestobecompletedafterlicenseapplicationsubmission,asproposedbyADF&G,areasfollows:-StockassessmentofadultanadromousfishoftheSusitnaRiverwillcontinuethroughacompletebirth-to-reproductioncycle.-HabitatstudiesoftheSusitnaRiverarescheduledtocontinueintothisperiod.ThesestockassessmentsandhabitatstudiestobeperformedbyADF&GafterlicenseapplicationsUbmission,asdescribedintheirproposal,includethefollowingitems:-InvestigationofthecontributionofSusitnasalmonstocktotheCookInletfishery.Continuationofthisinvestigationintothepost-licenseapplicationperiodwilldependontheoutcomeofthescaleandelectrophoreticfeasibilitystudy.-Studiesofthedistributionofadultandjuvenilesalmoninthelowerriver.Anattempttoidentifynewspawningstocks.Becauseoftheinaccessibilityofmanyareasandtheturbidityofwater,thepossibilityexiststhatunknownspawningstocksmayexist.Duringthecourseoftheentireprogramtheywillbesought.Definitionofseasonalhabitatrequirementsforincubation,rearing,spawningandpassageofanadromousandresidentfishpopulations.-Definitionofseasonalrelationshipsbetweenflowregimensandessentialphysicalandbiologicalhabitatcharacteristics.Thisproject,likeallhydroelectricprojectsinwhichmajorstoragesareinvolved,hasthreetimeperiodsthatmustbeconsideredafterthebaselinestudieshavebeendone.Theseperiodsaretheconstructionperiod,thefillingperiod,andtheplantoperationperiod.Thebaselinestudies,conductedbeforeandafterlicenseapplication,willprovideinformationneededtodevelopcriteriaforlong-termprotectionand,perhaps,enhancementofthefishery.Therefore,inadditiontothecontinuingbaselinestudiestobeconductedbyADF&Gasdescribedabove,TESwilldothefollowingduringthepost-licenseapplicationperiod:6-16 -Detailedimpactanalysiswillbeperformed- Amitigationplanwillbedeveloped-Long-termstudieswillbedevelopedtomonitortheaquaticenviron-mentduringconstruction,fillingandoperationofthehydroelectricproject.ThedetailedimpactanalysistobepreparedbyTESwilloccurwhenthefisherystudiesconductedbyADF&Ghavegeneratedthenecessaryinformation.TheimpactanalysiswillcontainspecificpredictionsabouttheeffectofthehydroelectricprojectonthefisheryresourcesoftheSusitnaRiver,includingdescriptionsoftheexpectedchangesinthefisheryresourcesoftheproposedimpoundmentareaaswellastheareadownstreamofDevilCanyon.Assumingthatactivitesduringoneormoreofthe periods(construction,fillingoroperation)willhaveanegativeeffectonthefisheryresources,itwillbenecessarytoconsidermitigativemeasures.Aspartofthepost-licenseapplicationactivities,amitigationplanwillbeproposedthatwillbedesignedtoreducetheimpactduringthesethreeperiods.Hydrologicaldata,andfisherydatathroughthecompletesalmonstudy,willbenecessarybeforeenoughisknownaboutlikelyimpactssothatamitigationplancanbedeveloped.Atleastpreliminaryinformationmustbeavailablebeforeanestimatecanbemadeoftheeffortrequiredfortheplandevelopment.Therefore,itisrecommendedthatwhenmoreinformationisavailable,TES,throughAcres,submittoAPAaproposalandassociatedcostestimatetodevelopamitigationplanduringthepost-licenseapplicationperiod.IftheSusitnaHydroelectricProjectisauthorized,amonitoringprogramofprojectimpactsontheaquaticecosystemmayberequiredfortheconstruction,filling,andoperationperiods.Aplanofstudyandassociatedcostestimateforsuchamonitoringprogramwillbedevelopedduringthepost-licenseapplicationprogram.(g)WildlifeEcologyIngeneral,thewildlifeecologystudiesundertakenafterthelicenseapplicationsubmissionwillbeamoreintensive,in-depthevaluationoftheworkthatwasstartedinthepre-licenseapplicationphase.Asstatedearlierforbiggame,itisimpossibletogainthenecessaryunderstandingofhabitatutilizationandmovementpatternswithina2-yearperiod.Therefore,thepost-licenseapplicationphasewillformthesecondhalfofthedatacollectioneffort.Itislikelythatbythebeginningofthisphasesomepreliminaryconclusionscanbedrawn.Thepre-licenseapplicationphaseeffortwillalsoservetoidentifyareasofconcernanddatavoids.DuringPhaseII,continuedmonitoringofbiggamepopulationswilltakeplace.Quantitativeevaluationofmoosehabitat,bothintheUpperSusitnaBasinandthedownstreamareas,willalsobeconductedduringthisperiod.Thiswillincludeanestimateofavailablebrowse,browseproductivity,andbrowseutilizationbywinteringmoosepopulations.PriortotheinitiationofPhaseII,aproposalwillbesubmittedtoprepareamitigationplanduringthisphase.6-17-Detailedimpactanalysiswillbeperformed- AmitigationplanwillbedevelopedLong-termstudieswillbedevelopedtomonitortheaquaticenviron-mentduringconstruction,fillingandoperationofthehydroelectricproject.ThedetailedimpactanalysistobepreparedbyTESwilloccurwhenthefisherystudiesconductedbyADF&Ghavegeneratedthenecessaryinformation.TheimpactanalysiswillcontainspecificpredictionsabouttheeffectofthehydroelectricprojectonthefisheryresourcesoftheSusitnaRiver,includingdescriptionsoftheexpectedchangesinthefisheryresourcesoftheproposedimpoundmentareaaswellastheareadownstreamofDevilCanyon.Assumingthatactivitesduringoneormoreofthe periods(construction,fillingoroperation)willhaveanegativeeffectonthefisheryresources,itwillbenecessarytoconsidermitigativemeasures.Aspartofthepost-licenseapplicationactivities,amitigationplanwillbeproposedthatwillbedesignedtoreducetheimpactduringthesethreeperiods.Hydrologicaldata,andfisherydatathroughthecompletesalmonstudy,willbenecessarybeforeenoughisknownaboutlikelyimpactssothatamitigationplancanbedeveloped.Atleastpreliminaryinformationmustbeavailablebeforeanestimatecanbemadeoftheeffortrequiredfortheplandevelopment.Therefore,itisrecommendedthatwhenmoreinformationisavailable,TES,throughAcres,submittoAPAaproposalandassociatedcostestimatetodevelopamitigationplanduringthepost-licenseapplicationperiod.IftheSusitnaHydroelectricProjectisauthorized,amonitoringprogramofprojectimpactsontheaquaticecosystemmayberequiredfortheconstruction,filling,andoperationperiods.Aplanofstudyandassociatedcostestimateforsuchamonitoringprogramwillbedevelopedduringthepost-licenseapplicationprogram.(g)WildlifeEcologyIngeneral,thewildlifeecologystudiesundertakenafterthelicenseapplicationsubmissionwillbeamoreintensive,in-depthevaluationoftheworkthatwasstartedinthepre-licenseapplicationphase.Asstatedearlierforbiggame,itisimpossibletogainthenecessaryunderstandingofhabitatutilizationandmovementpatternswithina2-yearperiod.Therefore,thepost-licenseapplicationphasewillformthesecondhalfofthedatacollectioneffort.Itislikelythatbythebeginningofthisphasesomepreliminaryconclusionscanbedrawn.Thepre-licenseapplicationphaseeffortwillalsoservetoidentifyareasofconcernanddatavoids.DuringPhaseII,continuedmonitoringofbiggamepopulationswilltakeplace.Quantitativeevaluationofmoosehabitat,bothintheUpperSusitnaBasinandthedownstreamareas,willalsobeconductedduringthisperiod.Thiswillincludeanestimateofavailablebrowse,browseproductivity,andbrowseutilizationbywinteringmoosepopulations.PriortotheinitiationofPhaseII,aproposalwillbesubmittedtoprepareamitigationplanduringthisphase.6-17 Followingtheidentificationofkeyfurbearerspeciesandareasofabundanceandpreferredhabitatanintensivesurveyofthefurbearerswillbeconducted.A3-yearstudyeffortstartedlateinthepre-licenseapplicationphaseandcontinuedfollowingthesubmittalofthelicenseapplicationwillbeundertakentogatherdataonpopulationdensity,familyunits,homeranges,denningsites,diets,andseasonaluseofhabitats.Inaddition,therelationshipoffurbearerswithotherspecieswillbeevaluated.Thetypeofinformationtobecollectedinthisphaseisnecessaryifappropriatemitigationmeasuresaretobeundertaken.Duringthisphase,acontinuationoftheintensiveaviancensuswilltakeplace.Non-gamemammaltrappingwillbeacontinuationoftheprogramstartedinthepreceedingphaseandwillresultincoveringtheminimum4-yeartimeperiodneededtoidentifythecyclicpropertiesofthisgroup.Intensivestudysitesinuplandandwetlandhabitatswillprovidedataonbirdandnon-gamemammalspeciescompositionanddensityineachofthemostextensivehabitatsoftheregion.Thiswillprovideanindicationofhabitatuniquenessandproductivity.Also,theseintensivesitesshouldprovidedatathatcanbeextrapolatedtosimilarhabitatsthroughouttheupperbasinandshouldprovideabasisforpredictingfaunalchangesbasedonhabitatchangescausedbyconstructionalternatives.Iftheresultsofthepre-licenseapplicationphaseidentifythepresenceofsignificantconcentrationsofwaterfowl,anintensivewaterfowlstudywillbeconductedduringthisphase.Thisstudywilldetermine,foreachofthemajorwetlandhabitattypesoftheregion,thetypeanddegreeofutilizationbywaterfowlandotherwaterbirds.Datagatheredduringthisphaseisessentialtodevelopingacomprehensiveunderstandingoftheinterrelationshipsthatexistwithincommunities.Arefined,detailedimpactevaluationwillbepreparedduringPhaseII.DatacollectedduringPhaseIIwillbevitalinthepreparationofthefinalimpactevaluationandalsoinrecommendingappropriatemitigationmeasures.Informationobtainedduringthisphasewillalsobeneededinordertorespondtointerro-gatoriesthatwillbereceivedduringthelicenseapplicationreviewperiod.(h)PlantEcologyTheprimaryobjectivesofthisphaseoftheplantecologystudyaretocollectandanalyzequantitativevegetationdataforthevariousvegetation/habi~attypestobeaffectedbytheproposedSusitnaRiverProject,andtorefineimpactassessmentsutilizingcollecteddata.Quantitativedatawillbecollectedfromthemajortypespresentintheimpoundmentareasandtheripariancommunitiesdownstream.Thisinformationwillnotonlyberequiredtodescribethevegetationcommunity,butitwillalsobenecessaryforthedevelopmentand6-18,ILFollowingtheidentificationofkeyfurbearerspeciesandareasofabundanceandpreferredhabitatanintensivesurveyofthefurbearerswillbeconducted.A3-yearstudyeffortstartedlateinthepre-licenseapplicationphaseandcontinuedfollowingthesubmittalofthelicenseapplicationwillbeundertakentogatherdataonpopulationdensity,familyunits,homeranges,denningsites,diets,andseasonaluseofhabitats.Inaddition,therelationshipoffurbearerswithotherspecieswillbeevaluated.Thetypeofinformationtobecollectedinthisphaseisnecessaryifappropriatemitigationmeasuresaretobeundertaken.Duringthisphase,acontinuationoftheintensiveaviancensuswilltakeplace.Non-gamemammaltrappingwillbeacontinuationoftheprogramstartedinthepreceedingphaseandwillresultincoveringtheminimum4-yeartimeperiodneededtoidentifythecyclicpropertiesofthisgroup.Intensivestudysitesinuplandandwetlandhabitatswillprovidedataonbirdandnon-gamemammalspeciescompositionanddensityineachofthemostextensivehabitatsoftheregion.Thiswillprovideanindicationofhabitatuniquenessandproductivity.Also,theseintensivesitesshouldprovidedatathatcanbeextrapolatedtosimilarhabitatsthroughouttheupperbasinandshouldprovideabasisforpredictingfaunalchangesbasedonhabitatchangescausedbyconstructionalternatives.Iftheresultsofthepre-licenseapplicationphaseidentifythepresenceofsignificantconcentrationsofwaterfowl,anintensivewaterfowlstudywillbeconductedduringthisphase.Thisstudywilldetermine,foreachofthemajorwetlandhabitattypesoftheregion,thetypeanddegreeofutilizationbywaterfowlandotherwaterbirds.Datagatheredduringthisphaseisessentialtodevelopingacomprehensiveunderstandingoftheinterrelationshipsthatexistwithincommunities.Arefined,detailedimpactevaluationwillbepreparedduringPhaseII.DatacollectedduringPhaseIIwillbevitalinthepreparationofthefinalimpactevaluationandalsoinrecommendingappropriatemitigationmeasures.Informationobtainedduringthisphasewillalsobeneededinordertorespondtointerro-gatoriesthatwillbereceivedduringthelicenseapplicationreviewperiod.(h)PlantEcologyTheprimaryobjectivesofthisphaseoftheplantecologystudyaretocollectandanalyzequantitativevegetationdataforthevariousvegetation/habi~attypestobeaffectedbytheproposedSusitnaRiverProject,andtorefineimpactassessmentsutilizingcollecteddata.Quantitativedatawillbecollectedfromthemajortypespresentintheimpoundmentareasandtheripariancommunitiesdownstream.Thisinformationwillnotonlyberequiredtodescribethevegetationcommunity,butitwillalsobenecessaryforthedevelopmentand6-18,IL implementationofasuccessfulwildlifemitigationprogram.Specifi~quantitativesamplingmethodswillbeutilizedtodetermineavailablebrowse,productivity,andbrowsequalityinkeymoosehabitats.Additionalinformationwillbederivedfromavailableliterature.Thesedatawillberequiredtomakeanaccuratepredictionoftheimpactonmoosepopulations.Representativeprojectarea.ofplants.aquaticplantcommunitieswillbestudiedintheNoteswillbemadeonfrequency,abundance,andvigorImpactsoftheproposedproject,especiallyinthedownstreamfloodplaintoTalkeetna,willbediscussedinthereports.Supportiveliteratureconcerningsimilarhabitatsandimpactsonwoodyripariancommunitieswillbeutilized.(i)ConstructionandOperationImpactAnalysisAdetailedimpactassessmentfortheconstructionphaseandoperationalphaseoftheprojectwillbecompleted.Fortheconstructionphase,impactstobeconsideredwouldinclude:-Visualqualityimpactduetoaccessroads,sitefacility,borrowpitoperation,disposalofdebris-Airandwaterqualityaffectedbylandclearingprocess,andconstructionactivitywithinstreambeds-Primaryresourceutilizationincludingfuel,materials,landandmanpower-Financialresourcecommitment-Safety.FortheoperationalphaseinadditiontothespecificimpactsdiscussedearlierinthissectionandSectionA.5.8oftheplanofstudy,thefollowingwillbeconsidered:VisualconsequenceofirreversiblychangingtheexistingborealforestareatoareservoirareaResourcecommitmentorconservationintermsofenergyandlanduse-Long-termwaterqualityimpact-Safetyandaccidentalfirepotentialduetorecreationaluseofarea.ItisanticipatedthattheenvironmentalimpactsoftheSusitnaProJectwillbedocumentedintwoannualsupplementaryenvironmental6-19implementationofasuccessfulwildlifemitigationprogram.Specifi~quantitativesamplingmethodswillbeutilizedtodetermineavailablebrowse,productivity,andbrowsequalityinkeymoosehabitats.Additionalinformationwillbederivedfromavailableliterature.Thesedatawi11berequiredtomakeanaccuratepredictionoftheimpactonmoosepopulations.Representativeprojectarea.ofplants.aquaticplantcommunitieswillbestudiedintheNoteswillbemadeonfrequency,abundance,andvigorImpactsoftheproposedproject,especiallyinthedownstreamfloodplaintoTalkeetna,willbediscussedinthereports.Supportiveliteratureconcerningsimilarhabitatsandimpactsonwoodyripariancommunitieswillbeutilized.(i)ConstructionandOperationImpactAnalysisAdetailedimpactassessmentfortheconstructionphaseandoperationalphaseoftheprojectwillbecompleted.Fortheconstructionphase,impactstobeconsideredwouldinclude:-Visualqualityimpactduetoaccessroads,sitefacility,borrowpitoperation,disposalofdebris-Airandwaterqualityaffectedbylandclearingprocess,andconstructionactivitywithinstreambeds-Primaryresourceutilizationincludingfuel,materials,landandmanpower-Financialresourcecommitment-Safety.FortheoperationalphaseinadditiontothespecificimpactsdiscussedearlierinthissectionandSectionA.5.8oftheplanofstudy,thefollowingwillbeconsidered:VisualconsequenceofirreversiblychangingtheexistingborealforestareatoareservoirareaResourcecommitmentorconservationintermsofenergyandlanduse-Long-termwaterqualityimpact-Safetyandaccidentalfirepotentialduetorecreationaluseofarea.ItisanticipatedthattheenvironmentalimpactsoftheSusitnaProJectwillbedocumentedintwoannualsupplementaryenvironmental6-19 reportsforsubmissiontoFERC.Thesereportswillincludedetailedimpactanalysisforeachenvironmentaldiscipline(socioeconomics,wildlifeecology,etc.)aswellasasummaryofthesignificantimpactsofconstructingandoperatingtheSusitnaProject.(j)CompletionoftheEnvironmentalProcessDuringthelicensingprocessing,supplementalstudiesinmanydisciplineswillberequiredforthoroughimpactanalysis.Thetechnicalaspectsofthesestudiesaresummarizedunderthesubtaskdescriptionsforthesedisciplines.ItisproposedthatannualsupplementaryenvironmentalreportsbepreparedforsubmissiontotheFERCduringthelicensingprocess.PrincipalInvestigatorsineachdisciplinewillprepareannualreportsontheactivities,results,andconclusionsofthesupplementaryinvestigations.Thesereportswillbecompiledintocomprehensivesupplementaryenvironmentalreports.EveryeffortwillbemadetokeepthesereportsintunewiththeinformationneedsofFERCandotherregulatoryagencies.AsnecessitatedbytheenvironmentalapprovalprocessortheAlaskaPowerAuthority,writtentestimonyrelatingtotheSusitnaProjectenvironmentalreportwillbepreparedbytheappropriateexperts.Thistestimonywillbeforthepurposeofhighlightingprojectorganization,activitiesandfindingsinconformancewithFERClicensing'requirements.Discussionsamongalldiscipline-specificgroupswillbeheldpriortopreparationoftestimony.Thiswillallowthegrouptodealwiththemostpressingissuesanddevoteequalattentiontoallproblemareas.Oraltestimonyatpublichearingswillalsobeprovidedasrequired.Uponreceiptofinterrogatories,andarequestbytheAPAtorespondtosuchinterrogatories,theywillbeassignedtotheappropriateEnvironmentalDisciplineGroupLeaderwhowill,incooperationwiththePrincipalInvestigators,prepareanappropriateresponse.Uponreceiptofaninterrogatory,theEnvironmentalDisciplineGroupLeaderwillmakeadeterminationastothetypeofresponsethatwouldbeappropriate.Theresponsealternativesareasfollows:-Alternative1Thedataexistandcanbeusedtoprepareanadequateresponsetotheinterrogatory.-Alternative2Thedataneededtoreplytotheinterrogatoryexistbutwillbeavailableatsometimeinthefutureinascheduledreport.Iftheneedforadetailedresponseisnotcritical,theresponsewillindicatewhenandinwhatformtheappropriateinformationwillbeavailable.6-20reportsforsubmissiontoFERC.Thesereportswillincludedetailedimpactanalysisforeachenvironmentaldiscipline(socioeconomics,wildlifeecology,etc.)aswellasasummaryofthesignificantimpactsofconstructingandoperatingtheSusitnaProject.(j)CompletionoftheEnvironmentalProcessDuringthelicensingprocessing,supplementalstudiesinmanydisciplineswillberequiredforthoroughimpactanalysis.Thetechnicalaspectsofthesestudiesaresummarizedunderthesubtaskdescriptionsforthesedisciplines.ItisproposedthatannualsupplementaryenvironmentalreportsbepreparedforsubmissiontotheFERCduringthelicensingprocess.PrincipalInvestigatorsineachdisciplinewillprepareannualreportsontheactivities,results,andconclusionsofthesupplementaryinvestigations.Thesereportswillbecompiledintocomprehensivesupplementaryenvironmentalreports.EveryeffortwillbemadetokeepthesereportsintunewiththeinformationneedsofFERCandotherregulatoryagencies.AsnecessitatedbytheenvironmentalapprovalprocessortheAlaskaPowerAuthority,writtentestimonyrelatingtotheSusitnaProjectenvironmentalreportwillbepreparedbytheappropriateexperts.Thistestimonywillbeforthepurposeofhighlightingprojectorganization,activitiesandfindingsinconformancewithFERClicensing'requirements.Discussionsamongalldiscipline-specificgroupswillbeheldpriortopreparationoftestimony.Thiswillallowthegrouptodealwiththemostpressingissuesanddevoteequalattentiontoallproblemareas.OraltestimonyatpUblichearingswillalsobeprovidedasrequired.Uponreceiptofinterrogatories,andarequestbytheAPAtorespondtosuchinterrogatories,theywillbeassignedtotheappropriateEnvironmentalDisciplineGroupLeaderwhowill,incooperationwiththePrincipalInvestigators,prepareanappropriateresponse.Uponreceiptofaninterrogatory,theEnvironmentalDisciplineGroupLeaderwillmakeadeterminationastothetypeofresponsethatwouldbeappropriate.Theresponsealternativesareasfollows:-Alternative1Thedataexistandcanbeusedtoprepareanadequateresponsetotheinterrogatory.-Alternative2Thedataneededtoreplytotheinterrogatoryexistbutwillbeavailableatsometimeinthefutureinascheduledreport.Iftheneedforadetailedresponseisnotcritical,theresponsewillindicatewhenandinwhatformtheappropriateinformationwillbeavailable.6-20 -Alternative3Thenecessarydatahavenotyetbeencollectedand/oranalyzed.Inthiscase,theresponsewillindicatewhenadetailedreplycanbeprepared.-Alternative4Thedataneededtoreplytotheinterrogatorydonotexistandarenotplannedtobecollectedinthefuture.Therefore,adetailedresponseisimpossibleandwillbesoexplained.Allresponsestointerrogatorieswillbe,senttotheAPAforapprovalandsubmissiontothepartythatpreparedtheinterrogatory.Finallyanyreports,addenda,orsupplementsrequiredtoobtainfinalapprovalofanEISfortheSusitnaProjectwillbepreparedandsubmittedtoAPA.Thelevelofeffortrequiredfortheseandotherpost-licenseapplicationactivitiescanbeestimatedonlyonapreliminarybasisatthistime,butwillberefinedwhenmoreinformationisavailableonwhatwillbeneededforaFERClicensedecisionandEISapproval.A6.8-CostEstimatesandSchedulesActivitiesunderthistaskdesigndevelopmenteffort.scheduleswillberequiredconstructioncontracts.willcontinueinsupportoftheongoingTask6Inparticular,Engineer'sestimatesandforaccessroadanddiversionschemeForpurposesofeffectiveoverallprojectmanagementduringsubsequentphases,aProgramPlanningGuidewillalsobeprepared.ThiswillprovideacompleteguidetoidentifyforAPAmanagementthespecificplanningrequirementsand,fortheeventualprojectmanagementcontractor,thoseproductsessentialtotheplanningandmanagementoftheSusitnahydropowerproject.Theproductsoftheplanningguidewillincludethefollowing:- Aprojectmasterschedulethatshowsingraphicalformthemajormilestonedatesforplanningproducts,eventsanddecisions.- Aconsolidatedconstructionschedulethatidentifiesthemajorconstructionactivitiesandshowstheirrequiredstartandfinishdatesinbar-chartformat.-Fifteenspecificworkpackagesthatexplainindetailtheplanningrequiredforeachofthefollowingareas:CorporateEngineeringPermitsandlandConstructionsupport6-21,-Alternative3Thenecessarydatahavenotyetbeencollectedand/oranalyzed.Inthiscase,theresponsewillindicatewhenadetailedreplycanbeprepared.-Alternative4Thedataneededtoreplytotheinterrogatorydonotexistandarenotplannedtobecollectedinthefuture.Therefore,adetailedresponseisimpossibleandwillbesoexplained.Allresponsestointerrogatorieswillbe,senttotheAPAforapprovalandsubmissiontothepartythatpreparedtheinterrogatory.Finallyanyreports,addenda,orsupplementsrequiredtoobtainfinalapprovalofanEISfortheSusitnaProjectwillbepreparedandsubmittedtoAPA.Thelevelofeffortrequiredfortheseandotherpost-licenseapplicationactivitiescanbeestimatedonlyonapreliminarybasisatthistime,butwillberefinedwhenmoreinformationisavailableonwhatwillbeneededforaFERClicensedecisionandEISapproval.A6.8-CostEstimatesandSchedulesActivitiesunderthistaskdesigndevelopmenteffort.scheduleswillberequiredconstructioncontracts.willcontinueinsupportoftheongoingTask6Inparticular,Engineer'sestimatesandforaccessroadanddiversionschemeForpurposesofeffectiveoverallprojectmanagementduringsubsequentphases,aProgramPlanningGuidewillalsobeprepared.ThiswillprovideacompleteguidetoidentifyforAPAmanagementthespecificplanningrequirementsand,fortheeventualprojectmanagementcontractor,thoseproductsessentialtotheplanningandmanagementoftheSusitnahydropowerproject.Theproductsoftheplanningguidewillincludethefollowing:-Aprojectmasterschedulethatshowsingraphicalformthemajormilestonedatesforplanningproducts,eventsanddecisions.-Aconsolidatedconstructionschedulethatidentifiesthemajorconstructionactivitiesandshowstheirrequiredstartandfinishdatesinbar-chartformat.-Fifteenspecificworkpackagesthatexplainindetailtheplanningrequiredforeachofthefollowingareas:CorporateEngineeringPermitsand1andConstructionsupport6-21, SupportservicesProjectcontro1Laborre1ationsContractsQualityassuranceandqualitycontrolCampsCommunicationsProcurementandlogisticsPermanentmaterialsConstructionequipmentConstructionEachpackagewillexplainindetailitsrespectiveareaandwillinclude:Anexplanationoftheobjectiveoftheworkplan,Adetailedscopeofworkoutliningtheplanningproductsandactivitiestobedevelopedwithinitsarea,Situationsandfactorstobeconsideredindevelopingtheplanningproducts,Anestimateofthemanpowerrequiredtoproducetheplanningproducts,Adetailedcriticalpathnetworkshowingtheprecedencerelationshipandlogicaltiesoftheplanningactivitieswithinthepackageanditslogicalrelationshiptootherworkpackages.- Acriticalpathanalysisthatshowsduration,earlystartdate,latestartdate,earlyfinishdate,floatandcriticalpathforallmajoractivities,-Anestimateofmanpowerrequiredfortheplanningeffort,-Anestimateofmanpowerrequiredforthepre-constructioneffort.(b)LicenseOnlyNofurtherworkunderTask9willbeundertakenexceptasnecessarytosupportFERCrequests.A6.9-LicensingAcreswillprovidealltheassistancerequestedbyAPAtosecureapprovaloftheFERClicensefortheSusitnaProject.Thisassistanceisnecessaryforboththe"FastTrack"and"LicenseOnly"alternatives.Afterthe1icenseapplicationhasbeenpreparedandsubmittedtoFERC,asdiscussedinSectionA.5.11,workwillcontinueonpreparationofsupplementalmaterialtosupporttheinitialapplication.TheprincipalareasofactivityincludeallworknecessarytopresentbiddocumentsfortheWatanaDamandcompletionofallenvironmentalstudiesimpactassessments.Atthistime,anaccurateestimateoftheworkefforttoprepare6-22SupportservicesProjectcontro1Laborre1ationsContractsQualityassuranceandqualitycontrolCampsCommunicationsProcurementandlogisticsPermanentmaterialsConstructionequipmentConstructionEachpackagewillexplainindetailitsrespectiveareaandwillinclude:Anexplanationoftheobjectiveoftheworkplan,Adetailedscopeofworkoutliningtheplanningproductsandactivitiestobedevelopedwithinitsarea,Situationsandfactorstobeconsideredindevelopingtheplanningproducts,Anestimateofthemanpowerrequiredtoproducetheplanningproducts,Adetailedcriticalpathnetworkshowingtheprecedencerelationshipandlogicaltiesoftheplanningactivitieswithinthepackageanditslogicalrelationshiptootherworkpackages.-Acriticalpathanalysisthatshowsduration,earlystartdate,latestartdate,earlyfinishdate,floatandcriticalpathforallmajoractivities,-Anestimateofmanpowerrequiredfortheplanningeffort,-Anestimateofmanpowerrequiredforthepre-constructioneffort.(b)LicenseOnlyNofurtherworkunderTask9willbeundertakenexceptasnecessarytosupportFERCrequests.A6.9-LicensingAcreswillprovidealltheassistancerequestedbyAPAtosecureapprovaloftheFERClicensefortheSusitnaProject.Thisassistanceisnecessaryforboththe"FastTrack"and"LicenseOnly"alternatives.Afterthe1icenseapplicationhasbeenpreparedandsubmittedtoFERC,asdiscussedinSectionA.5.11,workwillcontinueonpreparationofsupplementalmaterialtosupporttheinitialapplication.TheprincipalareasofactivityincludeallworknecessarytopresentbiddocumentsfortheWatanaDamandcompletionofallenvironmentalstudiesimpactassessments.Atthistime,anaccurateestimateoftheworkefforttoprepare6-22 •testimony,respondtointerrogationsorattendmeetingsisnotavailable.Evenso,ourownexperiencetodatehasdemonstratedsuchneedswillarise.Thelevelofeffortshownbelowincludesanticipatedrequirementstosecurelegalconsultationandexperttestimonyinresponsetointerventions.A6.10-MarketingandFinancing(a)FastTrackTheprimaryshiftinactivityintheareaofmarketingandfinancingistheavailabilityofSalomonBrothersasdirectconsultantstoAPAtoassistAPAinmattersofprojectfinancingandBondUnderwriting.Acreswillcontinuetobethefocalpointofallotheractivitiesinthemarketingandfinancingareas,particularlyintheareasofriskanalysis,baseplanextensionandrevenueassurancestudies.AllotheractivitiesdiscussedinSectionA.5.12willbecontinuedonanas-neededbasistomeettheneedsofAPA.(b)LicenseOnlyFinancingactivitieswillbereducedtotheminimumnecessarytosupportFERCinformationneedsandtoupdateprojectoverviewdocumentsasnewinformationisdevelopedinothertasks.A6.11-PublicParticipationActivitiesinthisareawillbethesameforboth"FastTrack"and"LicenseOnly"alternatives.Tokeepthepublicfullyinformedoftheprogressbeingmaderelativetopreliminarydesignandcompletionoftheenvironmentalassessment,thepublicparticipationprogramasdescribedinSectionA5.13willbecontinuedintothesecondphase.Thegoalduringthisphasewillbetocontinuetoseekfeedbackfromallgroups,agenciesorindividualsidentifiedasinterestedpartiesduringthefirstphase.Informationmaterialswillbepreparedperiodicallyandtheinformationofficewillremainactivetoprovideacontinuouspointofcontactforthepublic.However,theanticipatedlevelofactivityduringthisphaseshouldbelowerthanpriortosubmissionoftheFERClicenseapplication.A6.12-AdministrationProjectadministrationwillcontinuethroughawardoftheFERClicenseatessentiallythesamelevelasdescribedinSectionA.5.14forpre-licensesubmission.6-23testimony,respondtointerrogationsorattendmeetingsisnotavailable.Evenso,ourownexperiencetodatehasdemonstratedsuchneedswillarise.Thelevelofeffortshownbelowincludesanticipatedrequirementstosecurelegalconsultationandexperttestimonyinresponsetointerventions.A6.10-MarketingandFinancing(a)FastTrackTheprimaryshiftinactivityintheareaofmarketingandfinancingistheavailabilityofSalomonBrothersasdirectconsultantstoAPAtoassistAPAinmattersofprojectfinancingandBondUnderwriting.Acreswillcontinuetobethefocalpointofallotheractivitiesinthemarketingandfinancingareas,particularlyintheareasofriskanalysis,baseplanextensionandrevenueassurancestudies.AllotheractivitiesdiscussedinSectionA.5.12willbecontinuedonanas-neededbasistomeettheneedsofAPA.(b)LicenseOnlyFinancingactivitieswillbereducedtothemlnlmumnecessarytosupportFERCinformationneedsandtoupdateprojectoverviewdocumentsasnewinformationisdevelopedinothertasks.A6.11-PublicParticipationActivitiesinthisareawillbethesameforboth"FastTrack"and"LicenseOnly"alternatives.Tokeepthepublicfullyinformedoftheprogressbeingmaderelativetopreliminarydesignandcompletionoftheenvironmentalassessment,thepublicparticipationprogramasdescribedinSectionA5.13willbecontinuedintothesecondphase.Thegoalduringthisphasewillbetocontinuetoseekfeedbackfromallgroups,agenciesorindividualsidentifiedasinterestedpartiesduringthefirstphase.Informationmaterialswillbepreparedperiodicallyandtheinformationofficewillremainactivetoprovideacontinuouspointofcontactforthepublic.However,theanticipatedlevelofactivityduringthisphaseshouldbelowerthanpriortosubmissionoftheFERClicenseapplication.A6.12-AdministrationProjectadministrationwillcontinuethroughawardoftheFERClicenseatessentiallythesamelevelasdescribedinSectionA.5.14forpre-licensesubmission.6-23 17Z-917Z-9 SECTIONA7-PROJECTSCHEDULESSECTIONA7-PROJECTSCHEDULES SECTIONA7-PROJECTSCHEDULESA.7.1-IntroductionAmasterscheduleispresentedonthefollowingpagesasthebasisforgraphicportrayalofthetimingofvarioussubtaskswhichmustbeconductedconcurrentlyorsequentiallyinachievingtheoverallprojectobjectives.Itw1Jlbenotedthatsuccessfulimplementationofthisplandemandsaveryearl}"resourcecommitment,particularlyintermsofacquisitionandinstallationofimportantsitesupportfacilities.Bytheendofthefirstyearofwork,adecisionpointwillbereachedthatwillallowtheStateofAlaskatoconsiderrecommendationstoproceedasplanned,orasmodifiedbyeffortstothatpoint--ortoterminateifnegativefindingssoindicate.Thesecondyearoftheprojectwillincludeanaccelerationofdesignactivityaspreliminaryfieldinvestigationsfeedresultstodesignteams.Designtransmittalswillberegularlypreparedandreviewedandrefinementswillcontinuesothat,duringthefinalmonthsofthetwo-and-a-halfyearperiod,allFERCexhibitscanbecompleted.Reviewsthroughouttheprogressoftheworkwillbeconductedinternallyandexternallybyproposedreviewboards,appropriatestateandfederalagencies,utilities,environmentalinterests,andotherinterestedparties.Duringthe30thmonth,areviewofthefullyassembledproposeddraftlicenseapplicationwillbeconductedsothatitcanbeexecutedandfiledbytheStateofAlaskaattheendoftheperiod.Schedulesarecontainedon:PlateA7.1:PlateA7.2:MasterSchedule-Sheet1MasterSchedule-Sheet27-1SECTIONA7-PROJECTSCHEDULESA.7.1-IntroductionAmasterscheduleispresentedonthefollowingpagesasthebasisforgraphicportrayalofthetimingofvarioussubtaskswhichmustbeconductedconcurrentlyorsequentiallyinachievingtheoverallprojectobjectives.Itw1Jlbenotedthatsuccessfulimplementationofthisplandemandsaveryearl}"resourcecommitment,particularlyintermsofacquisitionandinstallationofimportantsitesupportfacilities.Bytheendofthefirstyearofwork,adecisionpointwillbereachedthatwillallowtheStateofAlaskatoconsiderrecommendationstoproceedasplanned,orasmodifiedbyeffortstothatpoint--ortoterminateifnegativefindingssoindicate.Thesecondyearoftheprojectwillincludeanaccelerationofdesignactivityaspreliminaryfieldinvestigationsfeedresultstodesignteams.Designtransmittalswillberegularlypreparedandreviewedandrefinementswillcontinuesothat,duringthefinalmonthsofthetwo-and-a-halfyearperiod,allFERCexhibitscanbecompleted.Reviewsthroughouttheprogressoftheworkwillbeconductedinternallyandexternallybyproposedreviewboards,appropriatestateandfederalagencies,utilities,environmentalinterests,andotherinterestedparties.Duringthe30thmonth,areviewofthefullyassembledproposeddraftlicenseapplicationwillbeconductedsothatitcanbeexecutedandfiledbytheStateofAlaskaattheendoftheperiod.Schedulesarecontainedon:PlateA7.1:PlateA7.2:MasterSchedule-Sheet1MasterSchedule-Sheet27-1 7-27-2 ACTIVITIESPRIORTOLICENSEAPPLICATIONACTIVITIESPRIORTOAWARDOFCONSTRUCTIONLICENSETASKNO.DESCRIPTION198019811982198319841985JF1MAIMJJAS0N0 JF MA MJ JA.S0N0 JFMAMJ JA S0N0J/F/MA/MlJJ/A/SO/N/DJ/F/MA/M/JJ/A/SO/N/I)"J/F/MAlMlJJ/AiSO/N/D".1.00POWERSTUDIESI II I1.01REVIEWISERWORKPLANI II.02FORCASTINGPEAKLOADDEMAND1.03IDENTIFICATIONOFALTERNATIVESISUSITNABASINt1.04SELECTIONOFVIABLEEXPAN.SEQUENCESGO/NO-GO7"1.05a.06EXPAN.SEQIMPACTASSMT.aPWR.STY.RPT.'YII II2.00SURVEYSe.SITEFAIES..........u.........................................1.....1.....1-1....""I......2.0182.02PROVISIONLANDUSEPERMITS,FIELDCAMP.2.03RESUPPLYaEMERGENCYSERVICE2.04LANDSTATUSRESEARCH2.05LANDACQUISITIONANALYSISII I I IIIL,2.06RIGHTOFENTRYI I2.07SITESPECIFICSURVEYS'~IIIII2.08AERIALPHOTO.e.MAPPINGI II II I02.09CONTROLNETWORKSURVEYSI II2.10ACCESSROADSI II2IIMAPe.PHOTO.SEARCHII212FIELDRECONN.OFRESERVOIRAREAS-I213MARKETABILITY8DISPOSALSTUDYi2.14COSTEST.FORRESERVOIRCLEARING~2.15SLOPESTABILITYe.EROSIONSTUDYI2.16HYDROGRAPHICSURVEYS,,.,.!I!3.00HYDROLOGYII IIil-u........1111I....................................................1.....1.1...lun3.01REVIEWOFAVAILABLEMATERIALI! IL,3.02e.303FIELDDATAINDEXCOLL.DIST.SYST.3.04e.3.05WATERRESOURCEe.FLOODSTUDY,=3.06a3.07HYD.aICE,SEDIMENTYIELD,RIVERMORPH.3.08CLIMATICSTUDIESTRANSMISSIONLINEI! I,,3.09ACCESSROADSTUDIES1! !I310LOWERSIJSITr..ASTUDIESIIIII:+4.00SEISMICSTUDIES~!,w..·....t'lIl................"'.....UII........................................................4.01..REVIEWOFAVAILABLEDATAI::4.02e.4.09SHORTe.LONGTERMSEISMICMONITORINGII4.03e.4.10RESERVOIRINDUCEDSEISMICITYIII....I4.04REMOTESENSINGIMAGEANALYSIS!)5SEISMICGEOLOGYRECONNAISSANCEII---!!4.014.12EVALUATIONe.REPORTING=I0i~4.04.13GROUNDMOTIONSTUDIESIIPRELIM.ANALYSISOFDAMSTABILITYISEISMICGEOLOGYFIELDSTUDIESI!.1"DAMSTABILITYCONSULTINGSERVICESI!4.15SOILSUSCEPI.TOSEISMICFAILUREIiI,'!"xIII!I5.00GEOTECH.EXPLORATIONI...................................1.1111.....n.......I........n(\i501DATACOLLECTIONe.REVIEW~!5.02PHOTOINTERPRETATIONII3e.5.04EXPLORATORYPROGRAM-1980I1!!5.0585.06EXPLORATORYPROGRAM-1981II,III5.076508EXPLOR.PF.()G.DESIG',SDATACOMP.II1I I IDEVELOPMENT!IiI1II6.00DESIGNDEVELOPMENT1IIffI!IliI...........~II......"II•.....~"III•......~....III."•nn........11...........11.11,j6.0a6.02REVIEWPREVoSTUD.6INVEST.TUNNELALT.iII6.03EVALUATEALT.SUSITNADEVELOP.IIIFEASIBILITYa6.04DEVILCANYONARCHDAMEVALUATIONILICENSESUBMISSIONno;,-...,e-...,REPORTS1I6.06WATANAIDEVILCANYONSTAGEDDEVELOP.ALT.IIf'6.07e.6.08PRELIM.WATANA/DEVILCANYONDAMALT.~~;IIIwI6.09e.6.10ESTAB.WATANA/DEVILCAN.DESIGNCRITERIAI,6.11PRELIM.DESIGNWATANADAMII6.12PRELIM.DESIGNDEVILCANYONDAMII6.14SPILLWAYDESIGNCRITERIA6.15WATANASPILLWAYALT.I I6.16DEVILCANYONSPILLWAYALI.Ii:[6.17e.6.18PRELIM.DESIGNWATANA/DEVILCANYONSPILL.I; I6.20ACCESSe.CAMPFACILITIES"j6.21e.6.22WATANA/DEVILCAN.DIVERSIONSCHEMESI~6.2386.24OPTIMIZEW.lD.C.POWERDEVELOPMENT6.25OPTIMIZEDAMHEIGHTS16.2686.27PRELIM.DESIGNWAT./D.C.POWERDEVELOP.16.2986.30WATANA/DEVILCAN.GEN.ARRG'T.Id\1SUSITNAHYDROELECTRICPROJECTPLANOFSTUDY,[.PLATEA7.1:MASTERSCHEDULE-SHEETI*REVISEDACTIVITIESPRIORTOLICENSEAPPLICATIONACTIVITIESPRIORTOAWARDOFCONSTRUCTIONLICENSETASKNO.DESCRIPTION198019811982198319841985JF1MAIMJJAS0N0 JFMAMJ JA.S0N0 JFMAMJ JA S0N0J/F/MA/MlJJ/A/SO/N/DJ/F/MA/M/JJ/A/SO/N/I)"J/F/MAlMlJJ/AiSO/N/D".1.00POWERSTUDIESI II I1.01REVIEWISERWORKPLANI II.02FORCASTINGPEAKLOADDEMAND1.03IDENTIFICATIONOFALTERNATIVESISUSITNABASINt1.04SELECTIONOFVIABLEEXPAN.SEQUENCESGO/NO-GO7"1.05a.06EXPAN.SEQIMPACTASSMT.aPWR.STY.RPT.'YII II2.00SURVEYSe.SITEFAIES..........u.........................................1.....1.....1-1....""I......2.0182.02PROVISIONLANDUSEPERMITS,FIELDCAMP.2.03RESUPPLYaEMERGENCYSERVICE2.04LANDSTATUSRESEARCH2.05LANDACQUISITIONANALYSISII I I IIIL,2.06RIGHTOFENTRYI I2.07SITESPECIFICSURVEYS'~IIIII2.08AERIALPHOTO.e.MAPPINGI II II I02.09CONTROLNETWORKSURVEYSI II2.10ACCESSROADSI II2IIMAPe.PHOTO.SEARCHII212FIELDRECONN.OFRESERVOIRAREAS-I213MARKETABILITY8DISPOSALSTUDYi2.14COSTEST.FORRESERVOIRCLEARING~2.15SLOPESTABILITYe.EROSIONSTUDYI2.16HYDROGRAPHICSURVEYS,,.,.!I!3.00HYDROLOGYII IIil-u........1111I....................................................1.....1.1...lun3.01REVIEWOFAVAILABLEMATERIALI! IL,3.02e.303FIELDDATAINDEXCOLL.DIST.SYST.3.04e.3.05WATERRESOURCEe.FLOODSTUDY,=3.06a3.07HYD.aICE,SEDIMENTYIELD,RIVERMORPH.3.08CLIMATICSTUDIESTRANSMISSIONLINEI! I,,3.09ACCESSROADSTUDIES1! !I310LOWERSIJSITr..ASTUDIESIIIII:+4.00SEISMICSTUDIES~!,w..·....t'lIl................"'.....UII........................................................4.01..REVIEWOFAVAILABLEDATAI::4.02e.4.09SHORTe.LONGTERMSEISMICMONITORINGII4.03e.4.10RESERVOIRINDUCEDSEISMICITYIII....I4.04REMOTESENSINGIMAGEANALYSIS!)5SEISMICGEOLOGYRECONNAISSANCEII---!!4.014.12EVALUATIONe.REPORTING=I0i~4.04.13GROUNDMOTIONSTUDIESIIPRELIM.ANALYSISOFDAMSTABILITYISEISMICGEOLOGYFIELDSTUDIESI!.1"DAMSTABILITYCONSULTINGSERVICESI!4.15SOILSUSCEPI.TOSEISMICFAILUREIiI,'!"xIII!I5.00GEOTECH.EXPLORATIONI...................................1.1111.....n.......I........n(\i501DATACOLLECTIONe.REVIEW~!5.02PHOTOINTERPRETATIONII3e.5.04EXPLORATORYPROGRAM-1980I1!!5.0585.06EXPLORATORYPROGRAM-1981II,III5.076508EXPLOR.PF.()G.DESIG',SDATACOMP.II1I I IDEVELOPMENT!IiI1II6.00DESIGNDEVELOPMENT1IIffI!IliI...........~II......"II•.....~"III•......~....III."•nn........11...........11.11,j6.0a6.02REVIEWPREVoSTUD.6INVEST.TUNNELALT.iII6.03EVALUATEALT.SUSITNADEVELOP.IIIFEASIBILITYa6.04DEVILCANYONARCHDAMEVALUATIONILICENSESUBMISSIONno;,-...,e-...,REPORTS1I6.06WATANAIDEVILCANYONSTAGEDDEVELOP.ALT.IIf'6.07e.6.08PRELIM.WATANA/DEVILCANYONDAMALT.~~;IIIwI6.09e.6.10ESTAB.WATANA/DEVILCAN.DESIGNCRITERIAI,6.11PRELIM.DESIGNWATANADAMII6.12PRELIM.DESIGNDEVILCANYONDAMII6.14SPILLWAYDESIGNCRITERIA6.15WATANASPILLWAYALT.I I6.16DEVILCANYONSPILLWAYALI.Ii:[6.17e.6.18PRELIM.DESIGNWATANA/DEVILCANYONSPILL.I;I6.20ACCESSe.CAMPFACILITIES"j6.21e.6.22WATANA/DEVILCAN.DIVERSIONSCHEMESI~6.2386.24OPTIMIZEW.lD.C.POWERDEVELOPMENT6.25OPTIMIZEDAMHEIGHTS16.2686.27PRELIM.DESIGNWAT./D.C.POWERDEVELOP.16.2986.30WATANA/DEVILCAN.GEN.ARRG'T.Id\1SUSITNAHYDROELECTRICPROJECTPLANOFSTUDY,[.PLATEA7.1:MASTERSCHEDULE-SHEETI*REVISED SECTIONA8-LOGISTICALPLANSECTIONA8-LOGISTICALPLAN SECTIONA8-LOGISTICALPLAN(a)StatementofProblemsThesheermagnitudeoftheproposedprojectisitselfvirtuallyaguarantorofproblemsscaledtomatch.Thisplanseekstoanticipateandaddressmajorproblemsinadvance--andthustoreducetheforceoftheirimpacts.Problemstobeconsideredinclude:(1)LandUseRestrictionsandPermitRequirements.Theuniquenatureoftheproposedprojectareaissuchthatlanduserestrictionsandpermitrequirementswillbeimposedbymultitudinousagencies.Thissubjectisdevelopedinfurtherdetailinsubparagraph(b)below.(2)Access.Perhapsthesinglegreatestphysicalconstraintonrapidsuccessfulcompletionofnecessarysiteinvestigationsisthedifficultyofaccess.TheprojectareaisfarfromexistingroadsandnoairfieldisavailabletoserveWatanadamsite.Thebulkoftheprojectsupplies(includingfuelneeds)mustbebroughtoverlandduringthewintermonths,demandingcareful,detailed,expertadvancedplanningforafullyear'soperation.Evenhelicopteraccessisdifficult(inadditiontobeingexpensive)sinceweatherconditionsincludingfog,winds,freezingrains,icingconditions,andsnowfrequentlyrestrictorpreventhelicopteruse.(3)SeasonalandCyclicalConstraints.Thenatureofthe requiredworkissuchthatanumberofpeakmanningloadswilloccur,particularlyduringshortsummerseasons.Therelativebrevityofimportantdatacollectionperiodsandtheextensivetimelapsebeforelikecollectionactivitycanoccurmakeitimperativethattheproperinvestigatorsbeatthecorrectlocationwiththenecessaryequipmentontime.(Inthisregard,forexample,abortivedatacollectioneffortsduringaparticUlarspawningseasonmaynotberecoupedforfiveyears.)(4)Weather.Theeffectofadverseweatheronhelicopteroperationshasalreadybeennotedabove.Beyondtheaccessquestion,though,istheextenttowhichweatherconditionsimpactprojectoperations.Consideraerialphotographyrequirements,forexample.Theperiodaftersnowmeltandpriortoleafcoverisimportant,butweatherconditionsmayseverelylimititsalreadyshortduration.Projectplanningmustallowforweatherdelaysaswellasforgainfulproductiononalternativetasksduringinclementweather.(5)CoordinationofSubcontractorActivities.AcreshasassembledastrongteamrepresentinghighqualificationsinanumberofprojectareasaswellasasubstantialAlaskanpresence.Thestrengthofsuchateamcanonlybebroughttobearfullyandwellifapropersystemformanagementandcoordinationofdiverse8-1SECTIONA8-LOGISTICALPLAN(a)StatementofProblemsThesheermagnitudeoftheproposedprojectisitselfvirtuallyaguarantorofproblemsscaledtomatch.Thisplanseekstoanticipateandaddressmajorproblemsinadvance--andthustoreducetheforceoftheirimpacts.Problemstobeconsideredinclude:(1)LandUseRestrictionsandPermitRequirements.Theuniquenatureoftheproposedprojectareaissuchthatlanduserestrictionsandpermitrequirementswillbeimposedbymultitudinousagencies.Thissubjectisdevelopedinfurtherdetailinsubparagraph(b)below.(2)Access.Perhapsthesinglegreatestphysicalconstraintonrapidsuccessfulcompletionofnecessarysiteinvestigationsisthedifficultyofaccess.TheprojectareaisfarfromexistingroadsandnoairfieldisavailabletoserveWatanadamsite.Thebulkoftheprojectsupplies(includingfuelneeds)mustbebroughtoverlandduringthewintermonths,demandingcareful,detailed,expertadvancedplanningforafullyear'soperation.Evenhelicopteraccessisdifficult(inadditiontobeingexpensive)sinceweatherconditionsincludingfog,winds,freezingrains,icingconditions,andsnowfrequentlyrestrictorpreventhelicopteruse.(3)SeasonalandCyclicalConstraints.Thenatureofthe requiredworkissuchthatanumberofpeakmanningloadswilloccur,particularlyduringshortsummerseasons.Therelativebrevityofimportantdatacollectionperiodsandtheextensivetimelapsebeforelikecollectionactivitycanoccurmakeitimperativethattheproperinvestigatorsbeatthecorrectlocationwiththenecessaryequipmentontime.(Inthisregard,forexample,abortivedatacollectioneffortsduringaparticularspawningseasonmaynotberecoupedforfiveyears.)(4)Weather.Theeffectofadverseweatheronhelicopteroperationshasalreadybeennotedabove.Beyondtheaccessquestion,though,istheextenttowhichweatherconditionsimpactprojectoperations.Consideraerialphotographyrequirements,forexample.Theperiodaftersnowmeltandpriortoleafcoverisimportant,butweatherconditionsmayseverelylimititsalreadyshortduration.Projectplanningmustallowforweatherdelaysaswellasforgainfulproductiononalternativetasksduringinclementweather.(5)CoordinationofSubcontractorActivities.AcreshasassembledastrongteamrepresentinghighqualificationsinanumberofprojectareasaswellasasubstantialAlaskanpresence.Thestrengthofsuchateamcanonlybebroughttobearfullyandwellifapropersystemformanagementandcoordinationofdiverse8-1 activitiesisemployed.Thisisespeciallytrueinviewofthewidespreadgeographicaldispersionofvariousdesignoffices.(b)SummaryofLandUseRestrictionsandPermitRequirements(1)InterestedAgencies.Anumberoforganizationsandagencieshavedirectinterestsintheprojectarea.Theseinclude:-BureauofLandManagementunderwhosecontrolsomeprojectlandsnowfall.-Nativevillageswhichhavealreadymadeselections,generallyalongtheSusitnaRiver,borderingfederalpowerreserveswhichhadbeenestablishedpriortoAlaska'sassumptionofStatehood.ItshouldbenotedthatthepowerreservedoesnotincludeallofthelandwhichwouldberequiredfortheWatanareservoirasproposedintheCorpsofEngineers'pre-authorizationstudy(resulting,ofcourse,fromtheCorps'selectionofahigherdamatWatanathanhadearlierbeenproposedinstudiesbytheBureauofReclamation).Nativevillagesultimatelyacquiresurfacerightstovirtuallyallofthelandsborderingproposedreservoirsaswellascertaindownstreamandgeneralvicinityparcels.CookInletRegionIncorporated,whichwillacquireallsubsurfacerightstotheNativeVillagelandsandwhichmaytemporarilyreceiveandholdlandsintrustuntiltheyareultimatelyconveyedtoindividualvillagesinaccordancewithpriorselections.-AlaskaDepartmentofNaturalResources,whichadministerswaterrights.TheStateistheownerofalllandslyingundertheSusitnaRiveranditstributaries.-TheAlaskaDepartmentofFishandGame,whoseresponsibilitiesforprotectionandmanagementofwildliferesourcesareessentiallyindependentofownership.-TheU.S.ArmyCorpsofEngineerswhoarechargedbyCongresswithadministeringpermitprogramsfornavigablewatersandforwet1ands.-Otherfederalagencieswhoseinvolvementisassuredbecauseafederallicenseisrequired.(Thus,itisnotnecessarilytruethatthepassageoflandownershiptoNativeCorporationswilleliminatemostfederalpermitrequirementsorinterventions.Inthisregard,forexample,federallylegislatedarcheologicalchecksandclearancesareexpectedtoberequiredeventhoughlandownershipmayhavebeentransferredfromthefederaldomain.)Particularagenciesinvolvedincoordinationand/orpermittingincludetheFishandWildlifeService,NationalMarineFisheriesService,andtheEnvironmentalProtectionAgency.8-2activitiesisemployed.Thisisespeciallytrueinviewofthewidespreadgeographicaldispersionofvariousdesignoffices.(b)SummaryofLandUseRestrictionsandPermitRequirements(1)InterestedAgencies.Anumberoforganizationsandagencieshavedirectinterestsintheprojectarea.Theseinclude:-BureauofLandManagementunderwhosecontrolsomeprojectlandsnowfall.-Nativevillageswhichhavealreadymadeselections,generallyalongtheSusitnaRiver,borderingfederalpowerreserveswhichhadbeenestablishedpriortoAlaska'sassumptionofStatehood.ItshouldbenotedthatthepowerreservedoesnotincludeallofthelandwhichwouldberequiredfortheWatanareservoirasproposedintheCorpsofEngineers'pre-authorizationstudy(resulting,ofcourse,fromtheCorps'selectionofahigherdamatWatanathanhadearlierbeenproposedinstudiesbytheBureauofReclamation).Nativevillagesultimatelyacquiresurfacerightstovirtuallyallofthelandsborderingproposedreservoirsaswellascertaindownstreamandgeneralvicinityparcels.CookInletRegionIncorporated,whichwillacquireallsubsurfacerightstotheNativeVillage1andsandwhichmaytemporarilyreceiveandholdlandsintrustuntiltheyareultimatelyconveyedtoindividualvillagesinaccordancewithpriorselections.-AlaskaDepartmentofNaturalResources,whichadministerswaterrights.TheStateistheownerofalllandslyingundertheSusitnaRiveranditstributaries.-TheAlaskaDepartmentofFishandGame,whoseresponsibilitiesforprotectionandmanagementofwildliferesourcesareessentiallyindependentofownership.-TheU.S.ArmyCorpsofEngineerswhoarechargedbyCongresswithadministeringpermitprogramsfornavigablewatersandforwet1ands.-Otherfederalagencieswhoseinvolvementisassuredbecauseafederallicenseisrequired.(Thus,itisnotnecessarilytruethatthepassageoflandownershiptoNativeCorporationswilleliminatemostfederalpermitrequirementsorinterventions.Inthisregard,forexample,federallylegislatedarcheologicalchecksandclearancesareexpectedtoberequiredeventhoughlandownershipmayhavebeentransferredfromthefederaldomain.)Particularagenciesinvolvedincoordinationand/orpermittingincludetheFishandWildlifeService,NationalMarineFisheriesService,andtheEnvironmentalProtectionAgency.8-2 OtherStateagencieswhoseconcernsincludewaterandairquality--andotherswhichwillcontrolcertainlandsintheSusitnaBasinwhichmayultimatelybeacquiredbytheStateinexchangeforlandsselectedelsewherebyNatives.-TheMATSUBoroughwhosecoastalzonemanagementplanmustbeaccountedforandwhoseotherdirectinterestsmustbeidentifiedandsatisfied.(2)Constraints.Theneteffectsofdealingwithdiversepermittingagenciesandresolvinguncertaintiesinlandownershiporwaterrightswillbemultifold.Surelytheydemandcarefulanddetailedadvancedplanning,backedbyexperienceinAlaska,foritmatterslittlethat15necessarypermitshavebeenacquiredwhenoneforgottenoneholdsupanyworkonaproject.Theyalsodemandcarefullycoordinatedapplicationandimplementationprocedures,forcaremustbetakentoensurethatfundsarenottwiceexpendedtocomplywithasingleprovisioncommontotwopermits.Weintendtoproduceahighquality,technicallycorrect,economicallysound,environmentallyacceptablereport--includingFERClicenseapplicationifalternativesanalysisandotherstudiessupportit--ontimeandwithoutintroducingpermanentdamagesintheprojectarea.Itisthislatterdamageavoidanceobjectiveonwhichmostpermitsarebased.Itfollowsthatpermitteeandpermittorshould,ineverycase,beabletoresolveapparentdifficultiesandproceedwiththenecessaryactivities.(c)ProposedMethodsforDealingWithProblemsTheveryfactthatlanduseisseverelyrestrictedsuggeststhattheclosestpossiblerelationshipshouldbeestablishedwiththelandowners.BecauseweanticipateseeingownershippasstotheCookInletRegion,Inc.,(CIRI),andthenceultimatelytovariousselectingNativeVillages,weproposetoengageCIRI(inassociationwithitsengineer,HolmesandNarver(H&N))toundertakeamajorshareofthelogisticsactivitiesinsupportoftheproject.OurownmanagementsystemwillbesuchthataresponsibleseniorAcresofficialwithdecision-makingauthoritywillestablishaprojectofficeinAnchorage,fromwhichallin-stateactivitieswillbecoordinated.TheProjectManagerwilldividehistimebetweenin-statefielddatacollectionandout-of-stateactivitiestoincludesophisticateddesigneffortsinthehomeoffices,seismicanalysisatWCCofficesinCalifornia,coordinationwithfederalagencies(includingFERC)asappropriate,andsimilartasks.Inlaterstagesofdetaileddesign,hewillalsoneedtoreviewhydraulicmodeltestsinNiagaraFalls,icestudiesattheColdRegionsLaboratoryinNewHampshire(providedgovernmentprojectsdonotpreempt),andconferwithpotentialmanufacturersandsuppliers.Certainspecificpointsmaybemaderegardingtheproposedlogisticaloperation:(1)CIRljH&NwillprovidethelayoutanddesignofasemipermanentcampnearWatana.8-3OtherStateagencieswhoseconcernsincludewaterandairquality--andotherswhichwillcontrolcertainlandsintheSusitnaBasinwhichmayultimatelybeacquiredbytheStateinexchangeforlandsselectedelsewherebyNatives.-TheMATSUBoroughwhosecoastalzonemanagementplanmustbeaccountedforandwhoseotherdirectinterestsmustbeidentifiedandsatisfied.(2)Constraints.Theneteffectsofdealingwithdiversepermittingagenciesandresolvinguncertaintiesinlandownershiporwaterrightswillbemultifold.Surelytheydemandcarefulanddetailedadvancedplanning,backedbyexperienceinAlaska,foritmatterslittlethat15necessarypermitshavebeenacquiredwhenoneforgottenoneholdsupanyworkonaproject.Theyalsodemandcarefullycoordinatedapplicationandimplementationprocedures,forcaremustbetakentoensurethatfundsarenottwiceexpendedtocomplywithasingleprovisioncommontotwopermits.Weintendtoproduceahighquality,technicallycorrect,economicallysound,environmentallyacceptablereport--includingFERClicenseapplicationifalternativesanalysisandotherstudiessupportit--ontimeandwithoutintroducingpermanentdamagesintheprojectarea.Itisthislatterdamageavoidanceobjectiveonwhichmostpermitsarebased.Itfollowsthatpermitteeandpermittorshould,ineverycase,beabletoresolveapparentdifficultiesandproceedwiththenecessaryactivities.(c)ProposedMethodsforDealingWithProblemsTheveryfactthatlanduseisseverelyrestrictedsuggeststhattheclosestpossiblerelationshipshouldbeestablishedwiththelandowners.BecauseweanticipateseeingownershippasstotheCookInletRegion,Inc.,(CIRI),andthenceultimatelytovariousselectingNativeVillages,weproposetoengageCIRI(inassociationwithitsengineer,HolmesandNarver(H&N))toundertakeamajorshareofthelogisticsactivitiesinsupportoftheproject.OurownmanagementsystemwillbesuchthataresponsibleseniorAcresofficialwithdecision-makingauthoritywillestablishaprojectofficeinAnchorage,fromwhichallin-stateactivitieswillbecoordinated.TheProjectManagerwilldividehistimebetweenin-statefielddatacollectionandout-of-stateactivitiestoincludesophisticateddesigneffortsinthehomeoffices,seismicanalysisatWCCofficesinCalifornia,coordinationwithfederalagencies(includingFERC)asappropriate,andsimilartasks.Inlaterstagesofdetaileddesign,hewillalsoneedtoreviewhydraulicmodeltestsinNiagaraFalls,icestudiesattheColdRegionsLaboratoryinNewHampshire(providedgovernmentprojectsdonotpreempt),andconferwithpotentialmanufacturersandsuppliers.Certainspecificpointsmaybemaderegardingtheproposedlogisticaloperation:(1)CIRljH&NwillprovidethelayoutanddesignofasemipermanentcampnearWatana.8-3 (2)CIRljH&Nwillfurnishallcampequipment,furniture,materialsandsuppliesincludingfuelandpadforthecamp.(3)CIRljH&NwillfurnishtransportationofallbuildingmaterialsforthecampatWatana.(4)CIRljH&NwilloperateandmaintaintheWatanacampandfurnishallfoodandcampoperatingsupplies.(5)CIRljH&Nwillobtainthepermitsrequiredforthecamp.(6)CIRljH&Nwilloperatethecamponthefollowingschedule:-Watana:Yearround,February1980-June1982(7)TheWatanaCampwillhouseamaximumof40persons(includingO&Mstaff).(8)CIRljH&Nwillfurnishelectricalpower,waterandsewagesystems.Asmall,biologicalsewagetreatmentplantwillbeinstalledtohandlethecampsewagewastes.Incinerationandjorapprovedburialmethodswillbeusedtodisposeofothercampwastes.Alloperationswillbeconductedinaccordancewith001stipulationsandDECpermitsandregulations.Localsurfacewatersourceswillbeinvestigatedandeconomicstudiesperformedtodeterminethesuitabilityofsupplyingthecampwaterneeds.Iflocalsurfacewaterprovesunsuitable,theninstallationofawellwillberequired.(9)CIRljH&Nwillfurnishcommunicationsequipment:-Groundtoaircraft:appropriatenavigationalaidsandcommunicationfacilitieswillbeinstalledinsupportofairoperations.-Camptoworksite:Abasestationshortwaveradiowillbeinstalledateachcamplocation,andmobileradioswillbecarriedbyeachworkcrewinthefield.Inaddition,mobileradioswillbeinstalledinhelicopterstoallowcommunicationwiththecampandgroundcrews.-Camptooutside:Itisexpectedthatthecommunicationneedsofthepaswillrequiretheinstallationoftelephonelinestothecampfacilities.Typically,theserequirementshavebeengrosslyunderestimated.Wewillworkcloselywithlocalcommunicationsubcontractorstoestablishthelevelofhardwarerequiredtosupporttheproject.8-4(2)CIRljH&Nwillfurnishallcampequipment,furniture,materialsandsuppliesincludingfuelandpadforthecamp.(3)CIRljH&NwillfurnishtransportationofallbuildingmaterialsforthecampatWatana.(4)CIRljH&NwilloperateandmaintaintheWatanacampandfurnishallfoodandcampoperatingsupplies.(5)CIRljH&Nwillobtainthepermitsrequiredforthecamp.(6)CIRljH&Nwilloperatethecamponthefollowingschedule:-Watana:Yearround,February1980-June1982(7)TheWatanaCampwillhouseamaximumof40persons(includingO&Mstaff)•(8)CIRljH&Nwillfurnishelectricalpower,waterandsewagesystems.Asmall,biologicalsewagetreatmentplantwillbeinstalledtohandlethecampsewagewastes.Incinerationandjorapprovedburialmethodswillbeusedtodisposeofothercampwastes.Alloperationswillbeconductedinaccordancewith001stipulationsandDECpermitsandregulations.LocalsurfacewatersourceswillbeinvestigatedandeconomicstudiesperformedtodeterminethesUitabilityofsupplyingthecampwaterneeds.Iflocalsurfacewaterprovesunsuitable,theninstallationofawellwillberequired.(9)CIRljH&Nwillfurnishcommunicationsequipment:-Groundtoaircraft:appropriatenavigationalaidsandcommunicationfacilitieswillbeinstalledinsupportofairoperations.-Camptoworksite:Abasestationshortwaveradiowillbeinstalledateachcamplocation,andmobileradioswillbecarriedbyeachworkcrewinthefield.Inaddition,mobileradioswillbeinstalledinhelicopterstoallowcommunicationwiththecampandgroundcrews.-Camptooutside:Itisexpectedthatthecommunicationneedsofthepaswillrequiretheinstallationoftelephonelinestothecampfacilities.Typically,theserequirementshavebeengrosslyunderestimated.Wewillworkcloselywithlocalcommunicationsubcontractorstoestablishthelevelofhardwarerequiredtosupporttheproject.8-4 (10)TheWatanaCamp,asfurnishedbyCIRI/H&N,willconsistofthefollowingfacilities::-Dormitoriesof40persons(2persons/room),toilet,showers,andpersonallaundryfacilities(washer/dryer).-Kitchen/dinerwithfoodstorage-Offices:4each(200sq.ft.,total800sq.ft.)withfurniture,butwithoutofficemachines,i.e.,typewriters,addingmachinesorphotocopiers,etc.Recreationhallwith:pooltable,pingpongtable,TV/Videotapeplayer,movies.CIRI/H&Nwillsupplymoviesandvideotapes.-Fuelstorage:fuelstoragedumpswillbeinstalledtoprovideadequatestorageofdieselandjet(helicopter)fuels.Bladdertanksinstalledinapproved,1inedanddikedareaswillservicetheneedsofthecampandaircraft:Jetfuel-2each,25,000gallonbladdertanksGasoline-1each,10,000gallonbladdertanksDieselfuel- 4each,25,000gallonbladdertanksPropane-2each,500gallontanks-Laundryfacilitiesforsheets,towelsandkitchenlinen-Warehouse/shop,notincludingshopequipment-Generatorsandgeneratorshelter-Watersystemwithstorage-Sewage/incineratorsystem-Dormitories,kitchen/diner,andrecreationfacilitiestobeconnectedviaArcticwalkways.(1l)IfcampfacilitiesarerequiredatDevilCanyon,alocallodgewillbeused.(12)Foodserviceswillincludewell-balancedmeals(threetimesperday-typically):Hotbreakfast:ColdsacklunchHotdinner:Pastries,fruit6a.m.to7a.m.6p.m.to7p.m.andcoffeeforsnacks(13)Thefollowingitemsaretobesuppliedasnoted:-Allfuelrequiredforcampoperations(CIRI).Note:dieselfuelrequiredforpowerplant,waterpumpingandincinerationofsewage/garbage.8-5(10)TheWatanaCamp,asfurnishedbyCIRI/H&N,willconsistofthefollowingfacilities::-Dormitoriesof40persons(2persons/room),toilet,showers,andpersonallaundryfacilities(washer/dryer).-Kitchen/dinerwithfoodstorage-Offices:4each(200sq.ft.,total800sq.ft.)withfurniture,butwithoutofficemachines,i.e.,typewriters,addingmachinesorphotocopiers,etc.-Recreationhallwith:pooltable,pingpongtable,TV/Videotapeplayer,movies.CIRI/H&Nwillsupplymoviesandvideotapes.-Fuelstorage:fuelstoragedumpswillbeinstalledtoprovideadequatestorageofdieselandjet(helicopter)fuels.Bladdertanksinstalledinapproved,1inedanddikedareaswillservicetheneedsofthecampandaircraft:Jetfuel-2each,25,000gallonbladdertanksGasoline-1each,10,000gallonbladdertanksDieselfuel- 4each,25,000gallonbladdertanksPropane-2each,500gallontanks-Laundryfacilitiesforsheets,towelsandkitchenlinen-Warehouse/shop,notincludingshopequipment-Generatorsandgeneratorshelter-Watersystemwithstorage-Sewage/incineratorsystem-Dormitories,kitchen/diner,andrecreationfacilitiestobeconnectedviaArcticwalkways.(11)IfcampfacilitiesarerequiredatDevilCanyon,alocallodgewillbeused.(12)Foodserviceswillincludewell-balancedmeals(threetimesperday-typically):Hotbreakfast:ColdsacklunchHotdinner:Pastries,fruit6a.m.to7a.m.6p.m.to7p.m.andcoffeeforsnacks(13)Thefollowingitemsaretobesuppliedasnoted:-Allfuelrequiredforcampoperations(CIRI).Note:dieselfuelrequiredforpowerplant,waterpumpingandincinerationofsewage/garbage.8-5 -Officeequipmentandsupplies(Acres)-Airtransportation(includingemergency)forpersonnelAllpersonnelwillmovetoandfromthefieldcampbyhelicoptersoriginatingattheTalkeetnaairfieldorinAnchorage.OverlandtransportationwillbeprovidedtoTalkeetnafromotherlocations.Transportationfromthefieldcamptospecificworksiteswillbeprovidedbyhelicoptersupport.Wherepossible,fieldpersonnelwilltraveltoworksitesonfoot.-HelicoptertransportationoffoodandconsumablesuppliesfromAnchorageasrequired(Subcontractwithhelicopterservicecompany)(14)ThetimelymobilizationoftheSusitnaCampinFebruary1980iscontingentuponhavingleadtimetoprocure(90-120days)campbUildings,generators,sewagetreatmentplant,pillowtanks,etc.(15)CIRI/H&Nwillapplyforandsecureallpermitsnecessaryforanyaspectofcampestablishmentandoperation.(16)CIRI/H&NwillprovidethesinglecoordinatingpointforsatisfactionofAlaskanNativeCorporationlandusestipulations.(17)AcresAmericanIncorporatedwillestablishaprojectofficeinAnchorageandwilldesignatearesidentmanagerwithdecisionauthorityasChiefEngineerforAlaskaOperations(CEAO).Theprojectofficewillaccommodaterepresentativesofotherteammembersaswell.(18)AllplansofoperationsasrequiredbyBureauofLandManagementwillbepreparedunderthedirectionoftheAcresCEAO.Specificresponsibilitiesforpreparationofplanswithintheproposedprojectteaminclude:-Overlandtransportation-CIRI/H&N-Foundationandmaterialsexplorations-R&M-Seismicitystudies-WCC-Fueltransportationandstorage-CIRI/H&N-Firepreventionandsuppression-CIRI/H&N-Wetlandssurvey-TES-Biologicalstudies-TES-Wastedisposal-CIRI/H&N-Airoperations-FMA-Surfaceresourcerehabilitation-R&M-Personnelhousingandtransportation-CIRI/H&N(19)TheCEAOwillprepareadetailedaffirmativeactionplanforAPAapprovalinwhichprecisemeasuresaresetouttoensuremaximumopportunitiesaremadeavailabletominorities,females,andhandicappedpersons.(WehavealreadysoughttheassistanceofCIRI/H&Ntoserveintheroleoflaborbrokertoensurethat,whenavailable,necessaryskillsaredrawnfromtheNativepopulationinvillageswhichhaveselectedprojectlands.)8-6(14)-Officeequipmentandsupplies(Acres)-Airtransportation(includingemergency)forpersonnelAllpersonnelwillmovetoandfromthefieldcampbyhelicoptersoriginatingattheTalkeetnaairfieldorinAnchorage.OverlandtransportationwillbeprovidedtoTalkeetnafromotherlocations.Transportationfromthefieldcamptospecificworksiteswillbeprovidedbyhelicoptersupport.Wherepossible,fieldpersonnelwilltraveltoworksitesonfoot.-HelicoptertransportationoffoodandconsumablesuppliesfromAnchorageasrequired(Subcontractwithhelicopterservicecompany)ThetimelymobilizationoftheSusitnaCampinFebruary1980iscontingentuponhavingleadtimetoprocure(90-120days)campbUildings,generators,sewagetreatmentplant,pillowtanks,etc.(15)CIRI/H&Nwillapplyforandsecureallpermitsnecessaryforanyaspectofcampestablishmentandoperation.(16)CIRI/H&NwillprovidethesinglecoordinatingpointforsatisfactionofAlaskanNativeCorporationlandusestipulations.(17)AcresAmericanIncorporatedwillestablishaprojectofficeinAnchorageandwilldesignatearesidentmanagerwithdecisionauthorityasChiefEngineerforAlaskaOperations(CEAO).Theprojectofficewillaccommodaterepresentativesofotherteammembersaswell.(18)AllplansofoperationsasrequiredbyBureauofLandManagementwillbepreparedunderthedirectionoftheAcresCEAO.Specificresponsibilitiesforpreparationofplanswithintheproposedprojectteaminclude:-Overlandtransportation-CIRI/H&N-Foundationandmaterialsexplorations-R&M-Seismicitystudies-WCC-Fueltransportationandstorage-CIRI/H&N-Firepreventionandsuppression-CIRI/H&N-Wetlandssurvey-TES-Biologicalstudies-TES-Wastedisposal-CIRI/H&N-Airoperations-FMA-Surfaceresourcerehabilitation-R&M-Personnelhousingandtransportation-CIRI/H&N(19)TheCEAOwillprepareadetailedaffirmativeactionplanforAPAapprovalinwhichprecisemeasuresaresetouttoensuremaximumopportunitiesaremadeavailabletominorities,females,andhandicappedpersons.(WehavealreadysoughttheassistanceofCIRI/H&Ntoserveintheroleoflaborbrokertoensurethat,whenavailable,necessaryskillsaredrawnfromtheNativepopulationinvillageswhichhaveselectedprojectlands.)8-6 (20)Ifitcanbeshowntobecosteffective,atielineconnectingthecorporateheadquartersofAcresAmericanwiththeCEAO'sofficewillbeestablishedtopermitfrequentuninhibitedcontact.Inaddition,TelexfacilitiesintheAlaskaprojectofficewillbeinstalledsothattimezonedifficultieswillnotprecludereceiptofmessagestransmittedattimeswhenoneoranotherofthevariousAcres'officesonthenetisunmanned.(21)Atrainedvalueengineeringofficer,drawnfromwithintheAcres'staff,willreviewmajoroperationalplansandprojectdesignsthroughoutthecourseofthework.(22)TotheextentthatnecessarygoodsandservicesareavailableinAlaska,theywillgenerallybeprocuredinAlaska(unlesssignificanteconomicadvantagestoAPAcanotherwisebesecured).(23)Ifuseofalocallodgeisfoundtobeimpracticableoruneconomical,atentcampmaybeprovidednearDevilCanyon.(24)Topermittheearliestpossiblestartoffieldactivities,initialminimalwintercampfacilitieswillbeestablishedinthesamelocationasusedbytheCorpsofEngineersintheirrecentdrillingprogram.Noexpansionbeyondtheboundsofthatareawillbepossibleuntilsnowcoverdisappearsandappropriatearcheologicalclearancesareobtained.(25)Duringwintermonthsafter1980,anaccessiblefrozenlakemaybeclearedtoallowaccesstothestudysitebyfixed-win9aircraft.Thefirstyearofprojecteffortwillbesupportedbyhelicopters.TheneedforlaterconstructionofanairfieldwillbeevaluatedbyNovember1980.(26)FireisthemostpersistentdangertoacampanditsoccupantsinAlaska.Themostcommoncauseofcampfiresareuncontrolledincineratorsandleakingsealsonindividualoilfiredfurnaceunits.Becauseoftheriskinvolved,positiveactionswillbetakenincluding:-Installationandperiodicinspectionofsmokealarms-Periodicinspectionoffurnaces-Installationoffirefightingequipment-Establishmentofafirebrigade.(27)Safety/OSHA/FirePrevention-Periodicinspectionsofallsitefacilitieswillbeperformedbytrainedpersonneltoevaluateandmakerecommendationsregardingsafety,compliancewithOSHAstandardsandfirepreventionprograms.Asafetyofficerwillbedesignated.Thispersonwillorganizecampfirebrigadesandreportontheeffectivenessoftheeffort.He/shewillreportdirectlytotheprojectmanageroffieldactivitiesandwillhavetheaut.horitytostopworkthatisbeingperformedinanunsafemanner.(28)Medical-Ataminimum,eachfieldcampwillhavecompletefirstaidfacilitiesandpersonnelidentifiedwithadvancedfirstaid8-7(20)Ifitcanbeshowntobecosteffective,atielineconnectingthecorporateheadquartersofAcresAmericanwiththeCEAO'sofficewillbeestablishedtopermitfrequentuninhibitedcontact.Inaddition,TelexfacilitiesintheAlaskaprojectofficewillbeinstalledsothattimezonedifficultieswillnotprecludereceiptofmessagestransmittedattimeswhenoneoranotherofthevariousAcres'officesonthenetisunmanned.(21)Atrainedvalueengineeringofficer,drawnfromwithintheAcres'staff,willreviewmajoroperationalplansandprojectdesignsthroughoutthecourseofthework.(22)TotheextentthatnecessarygoodsandservicesareavailableinAlaska,theywillgenerallybeprocuredinAlaska(unlesssignificanteconomicadvantagestoAPAcanotherwisebesecured).(23)Ifuseofalocallodgeisfoundtobeimpracticableoruneconomical,atentcampmaybeprovidednearDevilCanyon.(24)Topermittheearliestpossiblestartoffieldactivities,initialminimalwintercampfacilitieswillbeestablishedinthesamelocationasusedbytheCorpsofEngineersintheirrecentdrillingprogram.Noexpansionbeyondtheboundsofthatareawillbepossibleuntilsnowcoverdisappearsandappropriatearcheologicalclearancesareobtained.(25)Duringwintermonthsafter1980,anaccessiblefrozenlakemaybeclearedtoallowaccesstothestudysitebyfixed-win9aircraft.Thefirstyearofprojecteffortwillbesupportedbyhelicopters.TheneedforlaterconstructionofanairfieldwillbeevaluatedbyNovember1980.(26)FireisthemostpersistentdangertoacampanditsoccupantsinAlaska.Themostcommoncauseofcampfiresareuncontrolledincineratorsandleakingsealsonindividualoilfiredfurnaceunits.Becauseoftheriskinvolved,positiveactionswillbetakenincluding:-Installationandperiodicinspectionofsmokealarms-Periodicinspectionoffurnaces-Installationoffirefightingequipment-Establishmentofafirebrigade.(27)Safety/OSHA/FirePrevention-Periodicinspectionsofallsitefacilitieswillbeperformedbytrainedpersonneltoevaluateandmakerecommendationsregardingsafety,compliancewithOSHAstandardsandfirepreventionprograms.Asafetyofficerwillbedesignated.Thispersonwi11organizecampfirebrigadesandreportontheeffectivenessoftheeffort.He/shewillreportdirectlytotheprojectmanageroffieldactivitiesandwillhavetheaut.horitytostopworkthatisbeingperformedinanunsafemanner.(28)Medical-Ataminimum,eachfieldcampwillhavecompletefirstaidfacilitiesandpersonnelidentifiedwithadvancedfirstaid8-7 (29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)training.Qualifiedpersonnelwillreviewthefirstaidprogramandmakerecommendationsasappropriate.Medevacfacilitiesandprocedureswillbeavailableintheeventinjuredpersonnelneedtobetransportedtootherfacilities.OfficeServices-Officeservices(typing,reproduction,etc.)appropriatetoeachfieldlocationwillbeprovidedasneeded.CompletefacilitieswillbeavailablethroughMoolinandR&MofficesinbothAnchorageandFairbanks,aswellastheprojectofficetobeestablishedinAnchoragebyAcres.Purchasing- Apurchasingofficewithintheprojectoffice,staffedbyanexperiencedprocurementperson(s),willbeestablishedtosupporttheneedsofthePOS.Inaddition,apurchasing/warehousepersonwillbelocatedinthefieldcamptocoordinatetheprocurementneeds,operatethecampwarehouseandadministerasparepartsprogram.Shipping/Marshalling-Procurementpersonnelwillcoordinatethemovementofallprojectmaterialsfromvendorstothecamplocation(s).MostmaterialswilltraveloverlandtoamarshallingyardtobeestablishedinTalkeetnawherematerialswillthenbeshippedtothefieldsite.Perishableitemsand"hot"itemswillbeshippeddirectfromAnchoragetothefieldlocations.Materialsthatcannotbeshippedbyhelicopterwillbetransportedoverlandduringwinterinaccordancewith001stipulations.Warehousing-Anappropriatewarehousewillbeestablishedatthefieldconstructioncamptostore/controlthematerialneedsofthePOS.Minimalindoorstoragewillbeprovided,withthebulkofthematerialbeingstoredoutdoors.EquipmentSupport/SpareParts-BaseduponpreviousexperiencewithequipmentuseinAlaska,particularlyduringwinter/arcticconditions,theestablishmentofasparepartsprogramisanecessitytoensureequipmentavailabilityandcosteffectivecompletionofthePOS.Suchaprogramwillbedeveloped,withthehelpofthelocalequipmentvendors,andadministeredthroughtheprocurement/warehouseperson.Winteraccess-ThecampfacilitiesandenoughfuelforthefirstyearofoperationwillbetransportedoverlandbyRolligonsand/orcattrainsinFebruary1980.Fuelandotherheavyitemswillbebroughtinbythesametechniqueinsucceedingwinters.Toaccomplishthesemovements,asnowclearingoperationwillbeundertakenontheDenaliHighwayandastagingareawillbeestablishedjustoffthehighway.Overlandtransportationwillinvolveaseriesoftripsfromstagingareatocampsite.Location-ThecamplocationisshowninPlateA8.1.Althoughanairfieldisshownonthatdiagram,itwillnotbeconstructedduringthefirstyearofoperation.Shouldsubsequentevaluationafterthefirstyeardemonstrateitsneedanditsenvironmentalacceptability,itwillbeconstructedinthelocationshown.8-8training.Qualifiedpersonnelwillreviewthefirstaidprogramandmakerecommendationsasappropriate.Medevacfacilitiesandprocedureswillbeavailableintheeventinjuredpersonnelneedtobetransportedtootherfacilities.(29)OfficeServices-Officeservices(typing,reproduction,etc.)appropriatetoeachfieldlocationwillbeprovidedasneeded.CompletefacilitieswillbeavailablethroughMoolinandR&MofficesinbothAnchorageandFairbanks,aswellastheprojectofficetobeestablishedinAnchoragebyAcres.(30)Purchasing- Apurchasingofficewithintheprojectoffice,staffedbyanexperiencedprocurementperson(s),willbeestablishedtosupporttheneedsofthePOS.Inaddition,apurchasing/warehousepersonwillbelocatedinthefieldcamptocoordinatetheprocurementneeds,operatethecampwarehouseandadministerasparepartsprogram.(31)Shipping/Marshalling-Procurementpersonnelwillcoordinatethemovementofallprojectmaterialsfromvendorstothecamplocation(s).MostmaterialswilltraveloverlandtoamarshallingyardtobeestablishedinTalkeetnawherematerialswillthenbeshippedtothefieldsite.Perishableitemsand"hot"itemswillbeshippeddirectfromAnchoragetothefieldlocations.Materialsthatcannotbeshippedbyhelicopterwillbetransportedoverlandduringwinterinaccordancewith001stipulations.(32)Warehousing-Anappropriatewarehousewillbeestablishedatthefieldconstructioncamptostore/controlthematerialneedsofthePOS.Minimalindoorstoragewillbeprovided,withthebulkofthematerialbeingstoredoutdoors.(33)EquipmentSupport/SpareParts-BaseduponpreviousexperiencewithequipmentuseinAlaska,particularlyduringwinter/arcticconditions,theestablishmentofasparepartsprogramisanecessitytoensureequipmentavailabilityandcosteffectivecompletionofthePOS.Suchaprogramwillbedeveloped,withthehelpofthe localequipmentvendors,andadministeredthroughtheprocurement/warehouseperson.(34)Winteraccess-ThecampfacilitiesandenoughfuelforthefirstyearofoperationwillbetransportedoverlandbyRolligonsand/orcattrainsinFebruary1980.Fuelandotherheavyitemswillbebroughtinbythesametechniqueinsucceedingwinters.Toaccomplishthesemovements,asnowclearingoperationwillbeundertakenontheDenaliHighwayandastagingareawillbeestablishedjustoffthehighway.Overlandtransportationwillinvolveaseriesoftripsfromstagingareatocampsite.(35)Location-ThecamplocationisshowninPlateA8.1.Althoughanairfieldisshownonthatdiagram,itwillnotbeconstructedduringthefirstyearofoperation.Shouldsubsequentevaluationafterthefirstyeardemonstrateitsneedanditsenvironmentalacceptability,itwillbeconstructedinthelocationshown.8-8 DRAWINGNO.SK-3AAf:~(SCIE~ES~""V_~~;.o.;."",~,__SU5''''-NA:::<UNW.AY::::;'LA~2-';:;c--'~JOBNO.:')051.01_.A.C.TIT1.ECHKD.DATEDRAWNALASKAPOWERAUTHORITY110SUSITNAHYDROELECTRICPROJECTIJ----,.::..:..:--------:...::.----IPLANOFSTUDYCAMPLOCATIONPOSSIBLERUNWAYLOCATIONPROJECTP5700.12PLATEAS.IDRAWINGNO.SK-3AAf:~(SCIE~ES~""V_~~;.o.;."",~,__SU5''''-NA:::<UNW.AY::::;'LA~2-';:;c--'~JOBNO.:')051.01_.A.C.TIT1.ECHKD.DATEDRAWNALASKAPOWERAUTHORITY110SUSITNAHYDROELECTRICPROJECTIJ----,.::..:..:--------:...::.----IPLANOFSTUDYCAMPLOCATIONPOSSIBLERUNWAYLOCATIONPROJECTP5700.12PLATEAS.I ii(36)CampFacilities- AschematicdiagramofproposedcampfacilitiesisprovidedatPlateA8.2.Itisimportanttonotethatcampfacilitieswillbedesignedtoaccommodateapeakload.Thisapproachwillpermitsomeflexibilityinmeetingthedifficultiesassociatedwithshortdatacollectionseasonsandpossibleunfavorableweatherconditions.Inaddition,ourplantoestablishalargecampatWatanagreatlyreducesthedailyhe1icoptertransportationsystemusedbytheCorpsofEngineersduringtheirmostrecentfieldinvestigations.Thequestionofneededflexibilityisfurtheraddressedbyobservingthatthenecessaryequipmentforfieldinvestigationsand,inparticular,forgeotechnicalinvestigationsisintegraltotheproposedprojectteam.BecauseR&MConsultants,Inc.,isuniqueinitspossessionofamajorinvestigatoryequipmentinventory,weanticipatebeingabletorespondrapidlywhenrequirementsarise--and,atthesametime,toavoidthecostlydowntimewhichwouldaccrueforequipmentbroughtintoAlaskaspecificallyfortheprojectpurpose.Inshort,R&M'sequipmentwillbeavailableforprojectpurposesasnecessary;butitsuseonothertaskswhennotrequiredfortheSusitnaprojectwillreducethetotalcosttotheAlaskaPowerAuthority.(d)ScheduleReguirementsAbriefoutlinelogicdiagramisdisplayedatPlateT2.1(followingTask2).Asmaybenotedthereon,weintendtohaveapermanentcampinoperationpriortotheendofFebruary1980.Thisrequiresherculeaneffortandhighearlymobilizationcosts.Oncethecamphasbeenestablished,thesubsequentloadingwill,ofcourse,beafunctionofrequirementsofthevariousfieldinvestigationteams.Weanticipateattheoutsetthatsubmittaloflicenseapplicationwillnotmarktheendoffielddataneeds.Onthecontrary,certainenvironmentalfieldstudieswillbescheduledasfaras2-1/2yearsbeyondtheplannedFERCapplication.Inaddition,thehistoryofmajorhydroelectriclicensingeffortisrepletewithpost-applicationfederaldemandsforadditiona"'fielddata.Itfollowsthatthepermanentcampshouldremaininplaceattheterminationofthefirstphaseoftheworktosupportscheduledanddirectedactivities.(e)PublicParticipationPhilosophyDetailsoftheproposedpublicparticipationprogramarecontainedwithinthedetailedtaskdescriptionsatTask12ofthePlanofStudy.Withinthecontextoflogisticalplanning,however,itisimportanttohighlightseveralpoints:,1(1)NeedsandDesiresofAreaResidents.Whereasitisobviousthat,ifamajorprojectisconstructed,permanentimpactswi11befeltbyarearesidents,itisalsotruethateventheconductofadeliberateandextensivestudycancausedisruptionoflifestyle8-11ii(36)CampFacilities- AschematicdiagramofproposedcampfacilitiesisprovidedatPlateA8.2.Itisimportanttonotethatcampfacilitieswillbedesignedtoaccommodateapeakload.Thisapproachwillpermitsomeflexibilityinmeetingthedifficultiesassociatedwithshortdatacollectionseasonsandpossibleunfavorableweatherconditions.Inaddition,ourplantoestablishalargecampatWatanagreatlyreducesthedailyhe1icoptertransportationsystemusedbytheCorpsofEngineersduringtheirmostrecentfieldinvestigations.Thequestionofneededflexibilityisfurtheraddressedbyobservingthatthenecessaryequipmentforfieldinvestigationsand,inparticular,forgeotechnicalinvestigationsisintegraltotheproposedprojectteam.BecauseR&MConsultants,Inc.,isuniqueinitspossessionofamajorinvestigatoryequipmentinventory,weanticipatebeingabletorespondrapidlywhenrequirementsarise--and,atthesametime,toavoidthecostlydowntimewhichwouldaccrueforequipmentbroughtintoAlaskaspecificallyfortheprojectpurpose.Inshort,R&M'sequipmentwillbeavailableforprojectpurposesasnecessary;butitsuseonothertaskswhennotrequiredfortheSusitnaprojectwillreducethetotalcosttotheAlaskaPowerAuthority.(d)ScheduleReguirementsAbriefoutlinelogicdiagramisdisplayedatPlateT2.1(followingTask2).Asmaybenotedthereon,weintendtohaveapermanentcampinoperationpriortotheendofFebruary1980.Thisrequiresherculeaneffortandhighearlymobilizationcosts.Oncethecamphasbeenestablished,thesubsequentloadingwill,ofcourse,beafunctionofrequirementsofthevariousfieldinvestigationteams.Weanticipateattheoutsetthatsubmittaloflicenseapplicationwillnotmarktheendoffielddataneeds.Onthecontrary,certainenvironmentalfieldstudieswillbescheduledasfaras2-1/2yearsbeyondtheplannedFERCapplication.Inaddition,thehistoryofmajorhydroelectriclicensingeffortisrepletewithpost-applicationfederaldemandsforadditiona"'fielddata.Itfollowsthatthepermanentcampshouldremaininplaceattheterminationofthefirstphaseoftheworktosupportscheduledanddirectedactivities.(e)PublicParticipationPhilosophyDetailsoftheproposedpublicparticipationprogramarecontainedwithinthedetailedtaskdescriptionsatTask12ofthePlanofStudy.Withinthecontextoflogisticalplanning,however,itisimportanttohighlightseveralpoints:,1(1)NeedsandDesiresofAreaResidents.Whereasitisobviousthat,ifamajorprojectisconstructed,permanentimpactswi11befeltbyarearesidents,itisalsotruethateventheconductofadeliberateandextensivestudycancausedisruptionoflifestyle8-11