HomeMy WebLinkAboutAPA1612l
~rove:nbe=1974
Alaska Depart~en:of F:'sh and Ga~e
Division of Cca~ercial Fisheries
Anchorage,Alaska
by Bruce M.Barrett
As.se.ss:nent ~.I i1 of the ;'_"1ac.romo'JS Fish ?opulat:'ons
in.'the Upper Susi::na River ':.1ar::e:osnec 3o=:-..een
Devil Canyon and the Chulit~a R~ver
An
"'~}cX_
TK
1425
.sa
11.23
n,o.1612
..
TABLE OF CONT8rrS
List of Figures i
List of Tables ii-iii
,."..
List of Appendix Figures
List of Appendix Tables
iv
v
Introduction 1-3
Materials and Methods 3-8
,
"""Results 8-30
Migrational Investigations
Rearins Fry and Eiscapement Investigations
Historic Information
8-15
15-25
25-28
,'i
4
'.i~
: I !
-1
Climatological Observations
):Discussion,"a.nd SummaryV
A~Jcnowleds.men ts
28-30
30-34
35
Appendix 36-56
-
,ARLIS
Alaska Resources
Library &InformAtion Services
Anchorage,AJaska
,'.<
.:.;.(.1;....•...,...;:..-__-.--;:..,~-'lo',..r...l..::.-__,,,_._-,_,
-:,~','.,'.Utit:~~;{{(~:',);..",
-
-,
-
/""".
1-"
Figures,
1
2
3
4
s
6
7
8
9
10
11
LIST OF FIGURES
Devil Canyon in reference to the Susitna River watershed
and northern Cook Inlec,Devi1's Canyon Project,1974.
Fishwheel located off the east bank of the Susitna-aiver,
.Devil's Canyont'roject,1974.
Hap of the area encom~assed in the Devi1's Canyon study
on the upper Susitna River,Devi1's Canyon Project,1974.
.Average hourly catch by species p'er day of east bank
fishwheel operation at the Devil Canyon fishwheel camp,
Devil's Canyon Project.1974.
Refatencemap of the downstream recovery areas for salmon
t&lied at the Devil Canyon fishwheel camp,Devil's Canyon
P't'oj'ect,1974.
Length f't'equency of the'chum salmon catch from the east and
,vest bank fishwheels,Devil's Canyon Project,1974.
Length frequency of the coho sal::non catch frolj-,the eaSi:and
west bank fishwheels,Devil's Canyon Project,1974.
Chum salmon escapement surveys of ~ive individuals in Sloughs
No.9,No.11,No.17,No.20 and No.21,Devil's Canyon Pro-
j6ct,1974.
P~n~a~d Chum salmon escapement surveys of live individuals
in Indian River,!ourth July Creek and Lane Creek,Devil's
Canyon Project,1974.
P't'ofile of the Susitna·River water tell1peratu-res recorded
daily at six hour intervals with a Ryan Thermograph.at Gold
Creek and Devil Canyon fishwheel camp,Devil's Canyon P't'o-
ject,1974.
Profile of 'Ioiater and air ·temperatures recorded daily (1800'
hours)at the east'·bank fiahwhee1 camp,Devil's CAnyon Pro-
ject·,19,74.
2
4
5
11
14
17
17
21
23
31
31
'--';
!-.-.
1 ,
ARLIS
Alaska Resources
Library &Information serVices
Anchorage,Alaska
-,
,-
-
.....
............
'Wo'
\•.."
Table
1
:2
3
4
5
'6
7
8
9
10
11
12
1.3
.....~tl:6 ....
'-:'
LIST OF TABLES
East bank fishwheel catch of salmon by species from July 23
through September 11,Devil'5 Canyon,Project,1974.~
West bank fishwheel catch of sal~on by species from July 23
through September 8,Devil's Canyon Project,1974.
Number of marked fish submitted into the populations at the
fishwheel ca,n~and the number of c:aggeci to unc.agged fish ob-
served on the spawning grounds W'ic.h the resultant population
estimates,Devil's canyon Project,1974.
Record of tagged salmon recovered beloW'the Devil's Canyon
fishwheel camp,Devil's Canyon Project,1974.
Analysis of chum salmon age and sex data by percen~from es-
capement samples collected at the fishwheel c~~p,Devil's
Can1~u Project,1974 .
.Analysis'of coho salmon age and sex data by percent:from es-
capement samples collected a~the fishwheel camp,Devil's
CanyouProject,19f~.
,Analysis of sockeye salmon age and sex data by percent:from
escapement samples collected at thefishwheel camp,Devil's
Canyon Project,1974.
Ageaud length samples of sockeye salmon fry collected at
Sloughs No.1,No.3,No.5,No.6,No.9,No.10,No.15,
No.16,No.17 and No.20,Devil's Canyon Project,1974.
Age and length samples of sockeye salmo~fry collected at
Slough No.13,Slough No~15 and Chase Creek,Devil's Can-
yon P~oject,1974 •
Age and length samples of coho salmon frJ collected at Chase,
Lane and Whiskers Creeks,Devil's Canyon Project,1974.
Age and length samples~of king,salmon fry collected at Slough
No.3 anc!Chase Creek,Devil's Canyon P'roject,1974.
Peak chum,pink,coho and sockeye,salmon escapemenc.survey
counts,Devil's Canyon Project,1974.·
Analysis of chum·salmon age and length data by percent f=om '
escapement samples collected at Slough No.9.Slough No.20,
Slough No.21,Indian River,Pott'age Creek and Fourt'h July
Creek,Devil's Canyon Ptojece.i974.
i1
',j'
9
10
13
14
16
16
.
16
19
20
20
20
24
26
-Li.st of Tables (cone.)
Table
-
-
-,...
.~
-
-
_.
14
15
16
Analysis .of coho saloon age and length daca by percent from
escapement samples collected at Chase Cr~ek,Whiskers Creek
and Fourth July Creek,Devil's Canyon Project,1974.
Analysis of sockeye sal~on age and length data bypercenc
from escapement samples collected at Slough No.11 and
Slough ~o.21,Devil's Canyon ?=oject,1974.
Climatological observations at the fishwhee1 camp,Devil's
Canyon Project,1974.
iii
27
27
29
-
-
-iv
~
I
"'""
'-
Table---
1
z
3
4
5
6
LIST OF A?PE~mIX TABLES
Number of live l;:agged and untagged fish by species observed
during escapement surJeys.Devil's Canyon Project,1974.
Escape~ent survey counts conducted on Sloughs ~o.1.No.2.
No.3,No.4.No.5,No.6,No.7.and No.8,Devil's Canyon
Project.1974.
Escapement survey counts conducted on Sloughs No.9.No.'lO,
No.11.and No.12.Devil's Canyon ?roject.1974.
Escapement survey counts cond~cted on Sloughs No.13.No.14.
No.15,No.16,No.17 and No.18,Devil's Canyon Project,1974.
Escapement survey counts conducted on Sloughs No.19.No.20.
and No.21,Devil's Canyon Project.1974.
Escapement survey counts conducted on Indian River.Fourth
July Creek,Jack Long Creek.Poruge Creek,Lane Creek,and
Chase Creek,Devi1'g,Canyon Project,1974.
v
36-37
38
39
40
41
------------------------
-.
-,
,..
"
-
LITRODUC'!!ON
The Susit~a River watershed,located in che northern sector of the C~ok
Inlet basin,encompasses an area exceeciing 19,000 square miles.Its fishery
resources contribute a major proportion of the Cook·Inlet commercial sal~on
harvest and provide a recreational base of sport fishing for Anchorage:andt~e
surrounding area.The Susitna River,of glaci'al origin in the Alaska :-ange,is
a migrational corridor for the five species of Pacific ?almon from Devil Canyon
to its poine of discharge into Cook Inlet (!i~JIe I}.T~e ?ri~ary spa~~ing and
rearing areas are the clear water lakes and streams in the wate~shed.
Anticipated populaton development in southcent::al Alaska has stiJ:lulat.ed
interest in harnessing hydropo~e=~or electrical energy.The Corps of Engineers
has proposed a dam for Devil Canyon ata site located approximately t~ree miles
above Portage Creek,the northern most salmon rearing and spaw~ing stream of the
SU$itnawatershed.
Recent information is oat available on the extent of salmon utilizing the
Sus:itna River and its tributaries bet....een Devil Canyon and its confluence~,;it;h
the Chulitna River.Field investigations conduct~d by the Fish and wildlife
Service in 1956 document the presence of salmon in the Susitna,River and in·feur
tributary streams between Gold Creek and the proposed damsita (Anonymous,1957).
.Anadromous species were not found to range above Devil Canyon.To obtain inior-
mation pertinent toward assessing the impact ofa hydroelectric complex at Dev~l
Caoyon,on anadromous fish habitat in the uppe=Susit~a River between the proposed
site and-the Chulitna River,an inventory program was ini~iated in 1974 to .
;
Anonymous 1957 Progress Report,1956 :ield Investigations Devil Canyon
Damsite,Susitna River Basin.U.S.Fish and Wildlife SerJice,
Juneau,Alaska,15pp.
-1-
Figure 1.Dev;1 Canyon in refer€nce to the Sus i tna Ri verwatershed and nor:hern Cock
Inlet,Devil 's C~nyon Project,1974.
-
-
,~
---
25 miles
•Palmer l
I
EJ
J11
f I
ii
LJ
-2-
...~
determine spa'lo.-ning disl:ribuc;ilJo.relative abundance.mig-;:-a::i,)oal tieing.::~;,r·2~;·;:n
tative age-length-sex composition by species.and juvenile nursery areas .
The following report is a summary of the te~~niques employed and results
obtained duri:lg the 1974 field season cOm:Illencing July land extending cnrough
September 27.
MATER H.LS A1-ID HE!''SODS
---'
An aerial reconnaissance oE the scudy area was conducted JUDe 30th to
evaluate the physic3.1 c.harac:.ari.stic.s 0-£the ri....er p to locate ?otential fish-
wheel sites and a stream survey camp~Cons true cion of two por~able fishwheels
for the project commenced July 1 and extended to July 18.The fishwheels ",are
the t'Wo paddle -t'No basket design (Figure 2)'.The basket frames were construCl:2d
from.one-inch diameter water pipe and electrical conduit.Each basket was 7.5
feet long and 6 feet wide.The paddle frames also constructed from water pipe
were the same dimensions as the baskets.Plywood panels,6.5 feet iIi length
formed the surface area of each ?addle.Herring seine was tied on each basket
and the fish chutes were constructed of plywood.The baskets and paddles were
sprocketed into a9.5 foot long steel axle with bearings.Floatation was pro-
vided by styrofoam logs shielded by a plyvood covering.Steel axle mounts,
which were adjustable in.height,permitted maintenance changes in the fishing
depth of the baskets.A live box was attached to the riverbank "ide of ,'al~h
fishwheel for holding fish.
Fishwheels were operated from July 23 through September 11 at sites On the
Susitna River.One fishwheel was located adjacent to the east bank of che river
approximately 5 ~iles upst=eamfrom the town of "Talkeetna.Alaska and a second
at a site adjacent to the west bank of the river approximately 2.3 ~iles dow~streao
of the first (Figure 3).Both fish_heels were operated on a scheduled t...-enty-
.-four hour a day basis.Fishing efforts were.not continuous due to structural
-3-
'"'.
"
~.....
~
=
N
CJ
S-
.
S-
QJ
>
>QJ
C
III
......
U
::J
'Jo
l-
c...
....
~
'~
c.......,...
III
='.C/)
QJ
.....
'+-o
~
;:'
~
..,---..,.,.'-
1';.i .
I
,.
(.
'.
_...'.
..;'l
"i,-/(',I-i .••,",t..'
I l~!'
t .'I.',
,...
:;i :
, I
,-j.,,
~..
'-
-
t
,
-4-
Ta lkeetna
Lane Cr .
1
5'Miles
Cr;sk
Talkeetna R.
~~~.'51.=21
~=.~51.=20
-.~.--~-51 .==19
~Cr:ek
I!1C:i an R.
Clear Cr.
REFER£:ICE ~1AP
-
..-
,::3
..-'4::
U
-.
.-
Figure 3.r1ap of the area encor.:passed in the Oevills Canyon ~tudy on
the upper Sus;tna River,Devil'5 Canyon Project,1974.
-5-
fatigue in che axles resulci~g f=o~interior arc ~elcis and river debris.Tbe
east aud ~es~bank vheels were o~eraced at approxi~at=ly 2.25 and 2.3 revo-
·'-..:.utions per minute,respectively.Due to unpredictable fluctuations in rh~e.r
level,the ~heels were fished within 2 fee~of the river botto~.Each wheel was
e~uipped ·~th a 30 fooe onshOre lead angled approximately 45 degrees out from
the dovnstream end of the floats.The west bank fishwheel ~as operated at the
end of a slack water section of t~e river channel,and ~ne east bank ~heel ~as
fished at the terminus of an eddy.Doth fishwneels were positioned out from the
banks by 20-30 foot spruce logs.-Fishwheel catches were recorded by species and salmon were tagged just
below their dorsal finS with color and number coded 1 inch diameter Peterson
~,
discs.Buffer discs wer.e also applied.Age-length-sex data were collected for
~all species with the exception of pin~salmon.Af~er salmpling,the fish were
immediately released.
.....A stream survey camp vas established August 1 and~aintained through
September 27 at the mouth of Gold Creek approxin:\ate"ly 15 miles below the pro-.....
\
"...
-
pO$ed Devil Canyon damsite.,During the month of August and September aerial,
bo~t.and foot reconnaissance surveys were under~akeo.to deno~e spawning and
rear+ng areas between the cao.y~n and che confluence of the Chulitna and the
Susitna Rivers.Tributary streams and sloughs vere surveyed for adult spawners.
Sloughs ....ere also surv.eyed for rearing fry.Spawning areas ·,.;e=e usually surveyed
weekly.but occasion::I1ly unfavorab Ie 'OIeather prohibited boat travel or afforded
substandard survey conditions,thus ~egating the ~aintenance of a stric~'suryey
schedule.The two man ere',,;stationed at the fishwheel C:lmp surveyed the section
of the Susitna River from ~he communi~yof Chase ~othe Chulitna River.
-6-
-
.....
-
-!
....
Esca;ement surveys were conducced by a t~o man team;one individual ~nt~e=at2d
live spa~~ers while the sacond man counred carcasses.Tagged fish ~ere ~ecorded
by tag color and ~hen visibility conditions permitted.also by tag number.
Seioing,rod and reel,dip netting,and a minimum of gill netting was conducted
dur~g t~ese surveys to obtain representative age,length and sa~co~position
samples of escapement.Seining was the preferred method employed on t~e st=ea=5
and dip netting in the sloughs.All individuals captured with the ~~cepcion of
pink salmon,were scale sa:llpled p measured (add-eye to fork of tail)to the
nearest millimeter,and sexed.The fish were fin clipped to avoid resampling.
Sloughs were surveyed in their entirety.Index markers representing sU~ley.
termination.points were established on the streams at distances usually one half
mile upstream from their confluences with the Susitna River•.Total stream
esca-pementmonitoring was not achieveci due to manpower restrictions.r";ater ,and
air temperatures were recorded during each surv~y,and water discharge data ~~re
taken with a flow rod.tThile all adulc and fry surveys were conducted ~y fooe •
.a wide beamed sixteen-foot river boat,powered by a 40hp.outbo,ard was employed
for traveling bet7een surve~areas on the Susi~a River.A similar craft was
I
uSed to service the fisll"..rhe~ls.Logis'tic support to the field stations was
..,
accomplished by aircraft and railroad.
Reariog fry investigat~ons were conducted in cbe sloughs;records were kept:
I .
i
on the number of fry observ~d.and when practical,a 15 foot minnow seine ~as
",
i
fished to obtain fry identi~ication samples.A portion of the salmon fry catch
!
1
,.....as sampled for species age iand length (tip of snout to fork of tail)c:::u::posit:'cn.
1
Climatological observ.:ldions were recorded daily at the fish~,.;heel camp.The
I .
i .
weather factors monitored included air·and vater temperatures,relative ';Vater
1
level and general atmospher~c conditions.A Ryan then:ograph ~as operated from.!
-7-
:1-
-
,-
'......
September 2 throu$h 7 to ~onito~the lower Susitna River ~ater temperat~res at
thefishwheel camp.A second thercograph ~as ucilized upriver during t~e same
period near the Gold Creek survey camp.
The European fo~ula,denoting age by n~ber of -inters spent in f~es~~a:er
followed by a decimal point and ~umber of winters reared in sa~~Nater,is ~sed
for recording age data in this report:.
RESULTS
Migrational Inves~igaticns
A total of 1,015 salmon (OnCQrhynchus sp.),~ere caught during t~e ?e~iod
July 23 through September 11 in the two fish~heels.This total included 160
pink (0.garbuscha),568 chum (0.ket~),244 coho (0.kisu~ch).39 sockeye (0.
nerka),and 4 king salmon (0.tsc~ytscha).Approx~ate1y 92 percent of the
total s"ample ..as caughe in the east bank f$sbw~l.Tables 1 and 2 represent
the species catch by date,for the east and ~est bank fishwheels,respectively.
Comparison of catch by date betT,Jeen"the twa -..;heels indicates that a minor proportion
at the fish migration occurred along the west bartk of the river at the westbauk
fishwhee1 site.A graph of the mean hourly catch by day at the east bank-fishwheel"
is presented in Figure 4.Approximately 76 percent of the pink salmon :nigrat:.on
occurred in che seven day period of July 30 through August 5.Th~chum salmon
migration peaked on August 1:when 10.9 percent of the to~al catch occurred;
approximately 46 percent of the total chum catch was obtained during the period
of August 11 through 17.The daily catch rate of coho salmon at the ':ishwheel
camp ....as :-2latively stable compared to that of the pink or chu:nsalmon;appr:Jxi.m.ately
52 percertt of the coho cat=h occurred during th~period of August 12 through
August 24.Sockeye salmon catches were ~elatively low.Ten of the 39 sockeye
salmon caught were captured in the east bank fishwheel on August 15 and 16.The
-8-
,.....'Table 2.West bank fishwheel cate'of salmon by soecies from July 23 through September 3,Jev;l's Ccnycn
":--'"Project,1974.
pate No.houn Pink.Chum Coho Sockeye King
fished Daily Cumu1 at1 ve Daily Cumulative Dai 1y Cumulative Dai 1y LJa ily
,.....
July
23 24 a 0-0 a a 0 0 a
24 24 0 0 0 a 0 0 0 0
~.25 24 0 a 0 a a 0 0 0
26 6 0 0 0 0 a 0 0 0
27-29 0
30 4 0 0 0 0 a 0 0 0
31 24 Z 2 0 0 0 0 0 0
August
1 11.5 2 4 0 0 0 '0 a 0
,.....2-0 0
7 '4.5 a 4 0 a a a 0 0
a 24 a 4 1 1 1 1 a 0
t 9 24 a 4 a 1 0 1 0 0
.-10 24 a 4 0 1 1 2 0 0
11 24 0 4 2 3 0 2 0 0
12 24 0 4 1 4 0 2 0 0
13 24 0 4 1 5 0 2 0 a
"""14 24 a 4 1 6 1 3 a 0
15 24 0 4 1 7 a 3 0 0
"'-16 0
17 9.5 a 4 1 8 0 3 0 a
18 24 0 4 2 10 2 5 1 a
I"""19 24 a 4 0 10 2 7 0 0
20 24 a 4 2 12 Z 9 0.0
21 24 a 4 a 12 1 10 0 0
22 24 0 4 0 12 1 11 0 0
23 24 0 4 1 13 0 11 0 a
24 24 0 4 2 15 2 13 0 a
2S 6 0 4 0 15 0 13 0 0
,26-27 0
~28 14 0 4 0 15 0 13 0 0
29 24 0 4 a 15 0 13 a 0
'30 24 0 4 1 16 1 14 0 0.31 24 0 4 1 17 5 19 0 0
~
September
1 24 0 4 2 19 7 26 1 0
2 24 0 4 1 20 3 29 0 0-3 24 0 4 a 20 .3 32 a 0
4 24 0 4 1 21 3 35 0 0
5 24 0 4 0 21 3 38 a 0
6 24 0 4 0 21 2 40 0 0
~7 24 0 4 0 21 1 41 0 0
8 20 0 4 0 21 0 41 0 G
Season Total 771 ~5 4 21 41 Z 0
---la-
-I 1 J I"I -'--1){....1 l~1 ,J"'
((l
Pink Salmon
• •••••Coh 0 Sa 1ilion
-----..Chum Salmon
30262U2418201614128'10
\.
61\2
.....
2729 .3125
~,I
'I, II,.
I I ,, ,f,
I ,II fi
'I I':",,\
I I "'\,I"I \
I ",I 1
r II",,
, I I " ,",I'\1 ,I,I'\', ,,.,"J \1\.1 ,
1 I J
"\1\,\"\
'
\1\....\ \"./\r........\ ,I ,
'\ / \I \1 \I \
',\it'/'.'t \1'J \.......''.\I \I ..~....\I \
'...,.,..\I ..\''.."..'...-......\..,.....,....,...I·.'".I ":,
'..'.,..\/".....,.'",....'.."-·l··A ......-..'.'....._,-'-r-l~
7"'>r ')/I:>iii I )5 7).~.......-',I Ii,'fl/",IV:...lint .*i II?I iii
2.
.2.6
L
::J
0 1..c
!-,(1)
--'0-1.2--'
I ..c
u
+J 1.0~u
O.
O.
O.
-July--l\uClUSt--Sepl\:::hl~t-
Fi gure 4.I\veriloe hourly Co tch hy spec ics Jlerday of eas t bank fishwheel oJlerat ion at the fJevi 1 Canyoi\
fishlr/ltcel CilIllP.Uevil·s CiliYYOIl Project.1974...
king salmon migration accur1:'~d prior to th~i:ls::all::lt:iun of the :::5hwh~o::"s,~"nd
only four members of the s~ecies yare captured at the ca=p,
.._-
Tha Petersen mark and recapture for~ula ....as used to obtain es;:imates of the
pink,chum and sockeye salmon populations migrating in the Susitna River at the
fishvheglcamp (Table 3).The ?etersen and confidence limit founulas and t~e
population estimates ~ith 95 percent confidence limits are:
-,
+-~(N-m)(N-c)~me (N-I)
5,252 +g9-g
24,286 +2,602
·,Jhere:
N =estimate of the population
m =number of fish tagged in the population
c =number of fish sampled
r =number of tagged fish sampled
2241,008 +Sockeye
Chum
Pink-
Insufficient numbers of spawning coho salmon yere observed to obtain a
credible estimate of the population.The limited data suggests the coho·popu-
lation ranged from 4,000 to 9,000 fish.
These estimates ....ere based upon cummulative eSC3?ement survey data,on the
number·of live unragged to live tagged spaw-ners in the slougns and index areas
of the streams,collected under "fair.good,or excellent"survey condicions as
judged by the su~vey crew (Appendix Table 1).Tag loss and tagging induced'
mortality,not considered in compUting the estimates,'.would reduce by direct
\.proportion the population estimates.Hovever,?ince spaw'ling ground surveys
revealed no tag scared fish and tags removed from carcasses usually requi=~d
pliers,tag loss ....as probably minimal,In addition,taggi..,g inducec iDortalil:'Y·
."'__was also probably minimal due to the capture and mark procedures used and ::~e
-12-
~.
-
usual robustness or adult sal!l1on duri~g their final migration to spaw-ni~.g .5!"ounds.
Thus,while soce positive bias would be inc:roduced by not including adjusnents .
for these t'Wo factors.it is 1Jnlikely that the bias would be significant.from a
practical viewpoint.
Table 3.Number of marked fish submitted irito the populations and the :l1.:mber
of tagged to untagged Eish observed on the sP?w~;ng grounds wich ~~e
resultant population estimates,Devil's Canyon 7roJecc.1974.
Unta~ged Tagged(r)Total(c)
Number Fish Sampled
(live counts)
-
~..
"-
~ecies
Chum
Pink
Sockeye
Coho
Number Fish
Tagged (m)
(F'ishwheel)
568
160
39
244
3090
732
322
130
74
23
13
5
3164
755
336
135
Population
Estimates
en
5,252
1,008
The population estimates do not ~ef1ed:spawning ground densities above the
fishwheel camp,buc rather only the populations that 'Were susceptible to capture at
the fishwheel sites.Signif~cant t~g returns by sportsmen fishing below the
camp in conjunction with visual sightingsof tagged fish by Department biologists
surveying salmon index areas south of Talkeetna,indicate that a proportion of .
the salmon tagged were not destined to spawn above the fishwheel camp but rather
below it (Table 4 and Figure 5).!~e practical implications are:(1)either
some marked fish tended to become disoriented due to disruption associated ~it~
the capture-tagging process and proceeded to migrate dow~stream finally spa~-ning
in a place different from their homestream,(2)both marked and unmarked fish
-13-
Tab 1e 4.qecord of ta~C'ed sa 1;;["m r~:o'l;;r,='::elO':1 the Devil's C.:.r.yon 7-;shV~~'2'21
campt Devil IS Ca~yan ?iOj=C~~19i4.
I aaging ~ecovery
~cies !Ja-:e C~te LocatiC:!1 ,;·c't;vi t~l-
~
Sockeye 8/16-18 9/17 Swan Lake Spa\'ming
Sockeye 8/14 9/6 and 9/17 Sv!an Lake Sp'awnina
--------------------------------------------------------------------------,----
Figure'5.Reference map of the dO\·mstream recovery
areas for,salmon tao~ec at the Devil's
Canyon fi sh\o,he!:!1 camp t Devil I s ~Canyon
Project,1974.
-
-
-'
Pink
Pink
Chum
Chum
Coho
Cpho
Coho
Coho
Coho
Coho
Coho
7/30
8/6
811
8/9-10
8/1
8/1
8/14-15
8/14-15
8111
8112-13
8/9-10
t.'lul itna ~.
8/3
8/18
8/7
8/23
8/S
el14:
8/22
8/24
8/31
8/31
9/1
Sheep C:".
Clear Cr.
~''!on tana Cr.
r~nntana Cr.
Birch Cr.
Birch Cr.
Sus itna R..
Talkeetna R.
Trappers 51.
Trappers 51.
Sunshine Cr.
S::nslli...Ct'.
Soaw nin 9
Sp'1wninC]
t1ill in 9
Spawn ;no
i'~il1in(!
~lil1ino
niClratina
Hi i1in 9 •
S!1 2.\·m i n9
Spawning
-
passing the tagging sita were 'not all destined for spaYning areas upstr~am of
the site and some later mig=ated dawnstream to spaYn in areas below the si:e or
(3)some combination of these two situations.In any case the result is that
the population esti~tes would be over-estimates of actual spawning abcve the
tagging site.In the case of (1)above,the population estimates ~ould also be
over-est~ates of the number offish migrating past the site.
Chum salmon age samples collected at the fishwheel camp:depict the escape-
ment as being composed primarily of 3 and 4 year old fish (Table 5).Approxi-
mately !:.8 percen1:of the chum salmon were produced from the 1971 parent year
stock.The sex ra~io ~as 1 female to 1.6 males.
'Escapement sampling of eoho salmon revealed that the prominent age class of
the migrants ~as 2.1 or 4 year old fish from 1970 brood year,and the sex composition
was 1 female to 1.1 males (Table 6).
Length frequ~ncy distributions are given in Figures 6 and 7 for chum and
coho sa.lmon c.atches at:the fishwheel camp.Chum salmon averaged 584.a mi1li-
~eters in leng~h and similarly coho 516.3 mill~eters.
Sockeye sal~on sampled from the fishwheel catches were produced from the
1969 through 1971 parent year (Table 7).Approximately one third of the sockeye
had wintered one year in fresh water and two winters in the ocean prior to their
returns as adults to the spawning grounds.?recocious ~ales (1.1 age)comprised
29.6 percent of the sample.The S~~composition was 3 females to 1 male.
Rearing Frv and Escapement Investigations
On surveys conducted to locate potential sablon rearing and spaw-ni:lg
sloughs on theSusitna River between Portage Creek and the Chulitna River,21
sloughs were found (Figure 3).Rearing fish were observed in all 21 of these
back water ar~as •.Adult salmon were ?resent in ni:le of the 21 sloughs surveyed.
-15-
I~Table 5.Analysis of chum sake:'!c'::;2.ndsex d~':.:by oer,:ent f'l'"1')m es,:~oc::~!1~
samples coi1ected at the fishwheel c:='i::?)GAl/il's C':'~YCi1 Pi'),>:''::,:];,~,
,Year
I~of ,~ae Class 3 rood Ye~r Sarr.ple-"Ret'.:m 0.2 0.3 0.4 19(9 1970 19i1 Size
1974 Percent 47.7 33.9 18.d la.A 33.9 47.7 100.0
N'umber 2.28 162 88 88 162 228 1178
Sex R.atio Sample
~!a le Fem.::e Size.
.P2rcent'61.8 38.2 iCO;O
~umber ,j;jJ 2io :'0;'
S.ex Rat;a Sample
Male Female Size
Percent 52.5 47.5 100.0Numb,;;.e--r=----1;;..,;3,..,;:a--~1..,;,.2....5-~;:..;2<-;:6~3
Age'Class 8rood Year Samole
1.1 2.0 2.1 1970 1971 SiZe
Percent 19.4 o.a 79-.2 79.8 20.2 100.'J
Nurrber 25 j W3 ~O3 26 129
Analysis of coho-salmon age .and sex data by oerc:ent from escapemc:";t
samples collected 'at the fishwhee1 cal71p,Oevil's Canyon Project ,1974 .
,.....,.
Table 6.
.Year
!""'"of
(
Return
1974
r-.Table'7.Analysis of sockeye salmon age and se.x data by percent from escaOt:Men~'
samp1es collected a.t the fishwheel camp,Devil IS Canyon Project"1~74 •.
Yearr-of Age Class Brood Year Samole
P-etum 1.1 1.2 1 .3 2.1 ft,2 19'69 i97Q 1971 C'••.....>1 ze
1974 Percent 29.5 33.3 7.4 14.8 14.8 22.2 48.1 29.6 10O.C.
Nu:rber 3 9 2 4 4 6 13 8 27
~
Sex Ratio Sample
0\t·1a 1e Female Size
Percent 25.0 75.0 100:0
Number 8 24 32
-
-16-
o
Ln
<.0
o
"""IQ
o
N
\Q
length (rran)
o
N<.n
o.-
W')
1
4
>,u
C JC .-.<II =~.:.-:::Ja'
U 5C'"3 s =u......r=n =-<II'-U
'"U
Q.2
""'"
,-
-
FigureS.length frequency of t.'1e chum salmon catch from the
east and west bank fishwheels,Devil's Canyon Project,1974.
7"
6
5
~
C
41 -516.3::I x :"
t::r
U 4'"u..S =54.4....
Iius..
41 3Q..
2-
i-1
Figure 7.Length frequency of t.'1ecoho sa1mon catch from the
east and 'It'est bank rishwheels,"Devi1's Canyon"?roject,1974.
-
'-
-
-
.-
-
Appeudix Tables 2-5 su~ari!e t~e :earing fry and adult sal~on densir~es 00-
served iu each of :hese sloughs.
Coho fry populations were noted in 12 of the 21 sloughs surveyec and the
fry aged from seven of these ~ereproduced.excl~sively from the 1973 parent
stdck (0.0 age).Samples collected in Sloughs No.3,No.4,No.5 and No.6
fo1ere.comprised of both 0.0 age and 1.0 age coho fry ('rab1e 8).
Sockeye fry samples fo1e~e collected in Sloughs No.3 and No.5;these fish
fo1ere produced from the 1973 broad stock (Table 9).King salmon fry of :he 0.0
age class ..,ere obtained only from Slough No.3'and ~ere produced from the 1973
parent year (Table 11).
Frysamp1ing fo1ere conducted on Chase,Lane and Whiskers Creeks.Coho fry
.were found in all three creeks.King and sockeye fry fo1ere also found in Chase
Creek;the results are presented in Tables 9-11.
Chum salmon spawning occurred in Sloughs No.6,No.9,No.11.No.14,No.
16,No.17,No.19,No.20 and No.21.Spawning densities exceeded 100 fish in
three of these sloughs (No.9,No.20 and No.21).The peak chum salmon spawning,
period occurred during ~he first three weeks of September (Figure 8).
Sockeye salmon fo1ere obse~led co-spa~~ing fo1ith chums in Sloughs No.9,No.
11,No.19 and No.21.The highest,density of sockeye spawners occurred in·
SloughNo.11 with 79 recorded on Septemb~r 22.Sockeye spa~~ing extanced from
the second fo1eek of August through the month of September.
Escapement survey coun~s conducted in the clear water tributary streams do
not reflect t~e tocal number of spawni~g salmon in ,these streams,but only ~he
population density by species within the ind~~areas (Appendix Table 5).On
Fourth July Creek and Lane Creek salmotl spawning was not considered sig~i.:icant
above the index markers as the bulk of spawni~g occurred well below these :nark.::rs •
-18-
-1 i 1 }'·'--1 .}J .~1
((
Table 8.Age and len~th sillTlplesof coho salmon fry collected atSlourjhs No.1.No.3.No.5.fio.6.No.9.flo.l0.
No.15.No.16 No.H.and tlo.21).Devil's Canyon Pro,ject,.1974..
o.<n\(ie-class-----~-1.0 AfJeC1ass
Sa mp 1e -'p"'e-.r-c-en.......,t:---.....;-.--.t·,e an Stit nda rrl -PP.rcan t -:-llP.an·~~-:S.-,t-(I-na-'-a-r-;"d
S10U9h No.Date Size Composition l.ength (1i.1I)Deviation Corupositfon Length (11111)Deviation
,
------------------------------------------------------------~-----------------------------------
-------~-------------~-----------------~----~.-~--------------------p----------------------------
----------------------~--------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------ -~--------------------------y--r-------------------------
7.5
5.2
9.2
12.096.5
83.3
106.7
97.1
105.
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
87.5
16.7
33.3
100.0
J2.5
2,8
3,3
4.2
2.7
4.2
3.3
4.0
5.3
4.7
4,1
4.3
4.6
5.7
0.5
2.7
6.6
/1.5
54.6
59.1
53.0
61.2
56.1
59.7
50.5
63.5
52.5
59.2
42.1
53.9
55.7
55.9
49.9
!i 7•1
49.4
50.6
12.5..
0.0
81.5
83.3
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
10.0.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
.66.7
8
8
B
fl
4
4o
8
8
6
8
8
B
8
B
8
4
8
18
O/B
0/21
9/9
9/.5
-----~------------------------------------~------------~-----------------------------------------
8/7
BIl9
0/9
-----------------------------._--------------------------~-------------~------~-----------~------
6/21
0/2
8/8
------------------·-------------------_~r-~-~.w.-----------------------------~-------------------
--------------------------------------~~~---~.-~--------------w-----r----------------------------
6/6
8/30
---------------~---------------~~------~----------------------------~~---------------------------
6/16
BIl9
8/21
8/0
0/19
8/18
9/2
.-------~---------------~----~----------------~----~-------------~~~-~~--.~---~--~_.~---------------
"3
4
S
6
9
I
-0 10
D•
14
15
16
17
20
----._-----
I ].1 ''''')ll",I 1 J }'
Tar~9./\ge and length samples of sockeye salmon(+"rv'collected at Slough No.3.Slough Uo.5 and ctr -e Creek;
Devil's Canyon ProJect.1974..\
o~o Aqe Class
Area Sample ....Pe-r-c-en"'-:t--:....:.~t1ean Standard.
Surveyed Date She _CO~It>Q~Jtion_Len~th (nm)Deviation
Slough No.3 8/22
9/2
2
8
100.0
100.0
60.5
61.7
0.7
4.3
-----------------------_..-------------------------------
SlOUg:l No.5 9/5 8 100.0 54.9 7.3
--------~-----------------------------,---------,--------Chase Cr.8/21
8/31
1
2
100.0
100.0
58.
57.5 6.4
Table 10.Age and length samples of coho salmon fl'Y ~ollected at Chase.Lane and Hh1skers Creeks.Oevll's .
Canyon Project.1974.
0.0 7\ne tlPsS ..''l:~-Class
Area Sample -Pe-r-c-e-n"<'"t----.Me~··r-fandard Percont Ueail.Stan'irarcr
Surveyed Date Size CO!!iposi t10n Length .J1'!!~_p';:!viation Compost~jon ~l.ength (mil)Deviation
---------------------------------------.-----~~-------------------~-~---------------------------
,
No
I
Chase Cr.
Lane Cr.
8/1.6
0/31
8/28
10
10
1
100.0
90.0
100.0
68.8
63.1
50.0
10.5
8.6
0.0
10.0
0.0
125.0
---------------------------------------.------~~------------------~.~---------------------------
\-Ihi s ke rs Cr.8/5
8/2
0/30
9/7
26
3
5
8
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
51.8
56.6
55.4
59.0
6.8·
3.7
6.9
4.0
0.0
0.0
0,0
0.0
Table 11.Age and length samples of king salmon fry collected at Slough No.3 and Chase Creek.Devil's Canyon
Project,1974.
1f:'OAge Cl as s
I\rea Sample.Percent ~lean Standard
Surveyed Date ~J.ze COII~?osition Lenl)th (1I!~1 Deviation
SJouyhNo.30/10 5 100.0 57.0 6.4
---'-----------------------~--~.~--------------_.._-----
Cliilse Cr'.RjlG 3 lon.o S'l.fi 1()I
J 1 1 ...I I '''';1 1 )i }
(((
5.0·
-0-tiD.9
__0__f.o.11
-0-No.17
--0--.Mo.20
--A No.21--
\--_.._--.~~====--=~.=._..:::.
\
\.
"\
~.
----4
7 91153130
fl-........,
/......
"'B.........
fi c:r~~~~':::"-~-;--:~I__':-~~~~
,'"Gl ~--1 .21 23 25 27f.l:-~.13 15 11 19
-Septea;b(~r-
26 .28
-I\ugus t-
4.5
4.0
0 3.5 -a
0-
x
..r:::3.0ell.........
QJ
>2.5''--
r-
.....
0
1-2.0
QJ
iJ
::J-..1.5,,-
1.0
0.5
I
N-I
ri gure O.Chulll sa hllon escape.ment survl~Ys of 11 veindi vid\lil 1s 1f]SloWllls ~Io.9.110.11.:10.17 J
·tlo.20.and Nn.21.0evi1's Canyon Project.1974..
,~
-,
-
Pink saloon ~ere found 1~Indian River,Fourth July.Lane.Portage and Gold
Creeks.1 /The cajor peak of pink salmon spawni~g occurred duri~g the f~rst
.three weeks of Auguse (Figure 9).Chum salmon also spat."11ed in these streams
~ith the exception of Lane and Gold Creeks.Chum spawning occurred pri~arily
duri.ng the last two weeks of August and the first three ~eeks of September.
Coho salmon spawned in Indian River,Fourth July,Portage,1-lhiskers and
Chase Creeks.Escapement survey data suggests the peak oi spawning occurred
during the firstr:wo '-'leeks of ~t.eaber.
Surveyors did not observe sockeye salillon spawning in any of the tributary
streams although one unspawned carcass was found on Chase Creek.Local resi-.
dents report that sockeye spawn in Chase Lake located approximately one quarter
~tle above the index area.
The peak survey counts of pink,chum,coho and sockeye salmon in the sloughs
and within the index a::e:lS of ::he s::reaos are ?'t'esented itt Table 12~Based upon
.~these't'aw data,the minimum population of salmon by species spawning,in the
Susitna River watershed between Portage Creek and the Chulitna River.is as
follows:
Pink Salmon
Chum Salmon
Coho Salmon
Sockeye Salmon
1,036,
2.753
307
104
The peak stream index counts presented in Table 12 do noC represent t~e
absoluce salmon abundance in these streams,but only a portion of their p~ak
abundance levels.The author suggests that major spaw~ing occurs well above the
index markers on Indian River and Portage Creek,·and contends that t~e index
marker on the latter stream may represent less than 20 percent of the streaos
optimum spawning area.
-.
11 One spawned pink salmon was observed August 16,in Gold Creek,100 ya:::-ds a':love
its confluence wic:h Susitna River.Local residents repo't'ted that 16 pinks
were spawning in the canyon of Gold Creek.du~ing the first week of Augusc.
-22-
J 1 ..1..OJ .....j ....._J 1 ~.--I I I 1 I 1
(((
2
~
/'/\
//\
//\
/\
//\
//\{\
I \,\
I \
I \
I \
I \
I \
I ~
I \,',A...\
I ,,\
I ,\",,\
_---.-$"\"\""\"".....11
Chum Salmon
~Indian Creek
()Fourth July Creek
o Lane Creek
Pink Salmon
4
Figure 9.PinkillH.l chullIsalmon escapement surveys of live individuals in Indian IUver.Fourth July Creek,and Lilne
.Creek.Devil's Canyon Project.197'1 ..
."
/
/
/
./
.".
J';'Lt""'_- - - - --G--I --_...&~~~....~~8
I b I J I ..I.\I ~I °1121620·.24 20 ..5 l)J \7
AUGUST SEPTEMBER
J
J
r..
~.(
) J
..
r"..
3.
1 1 1 .1 I,)-1 ~.J
(((
Chum Salmon ~~;tveY!i
Arei\DenSi~
Surveyed Date Li ve ilead -0 tol
Slough No.6 8/20 1 0 ,
Slough 110.9 9/5 466 45 511
Slough Ho.ll 9/17 19 14 31
Sl ounh t~o.14 lV30 2 0 .2
Slough tlo.16 0/19&30 2 0 2
S laugh No.17 9113 12 12 24
SloUQh No.·19 9114 0 4 I}
Slough No.20 9/5 101 6 107
Slouah No.21 9/10 ~O5 463 668
Sub Total nOB 5'I1l 1352
Indian R.9/10 102 31\9 531
Fourth Julv Cr.9/11 300 294 591\
Portage Cr.8/W 265 11 276
To ta 1 1555 1190 2753
..Table ·12.·Peak chum.pink.coho andsockeyesalmonescapement survey counts.Dev11 l s Canyon Project.1974.
Pink Sa lmon Surveys
Area Dens i tl
Surveyed Oate [lve Dead -"ota1
Indian R.0/19 403 94 577
fourth July Cr.8/16 133 26 159
PortiAge Cr.0/10 103 35 218
lane Cr.0/9 81 1 82
Total 000 156 1.036
Sockeye Sa 1mon Surveys
Area Op-ns i ty
Survey~d Oate [lve Dead Total
~I Slou9h Uo.9 9/5&12 8 0 8N
.;:a.S lou~!il tlo.11 9/22 79 0 79t
Slough No.19 H/21 3 0 3
SloU9h No.2l 9/18 13 0 13
Chase Cr.8/161.21 0 1 1
·To ta 1 103 1 lQ/1
~
Coho Sa lilian Surveys
Area oenS1~
~urveyed Date live Dead ..otaT
Indian R.9/10 64 0 64
·Fourth July Cr.9/11 26 0 26
Portagetr.8/W 150 0 150
\-Ill i s ke rs Cr.0/30 27 0 27
Chase Cr.911 40 0 40
Tot.al 307 0 307
------.-:.....------------
-
.f-
'~
.-
-
-'
Chum salmon aged f~om esca?e~en~szrnples coll=c:ad on tha s?awni~g g~ounds
were approxi:acely 86 percent three and four year old fi~h produc~d from che
1970 and 1971 parent stocks.A summary of the age and leng~h data collected by
stream and slough are outlined in Table 13.
Age samples obtained fro~coho salmon spawning in the tributa~J streamS i~-
fer that the escapement was predominantly four year old fish (2.1 age)f;:OIll the
.1970 brood year.Table 14 presents a summary of the cohO'salmon age and length
data collected by stream.Sockeye sal~on age data were collected in Sloughs No.
11 and No.12,the results are summarized in Table 15.A majority (64.3 percent)
of the sockeye had spent one winter in fresh water and ~o winters in the ocean
prior to their return as adults f't'om the 19iO brood year.
Individual maps were composed for sixteen of the twenty-one sloughs sur-
veyed (Appendix Figure i-14).The vrimary salmon spawning areas and the rela-
tive sucfa(;e.ccmposition of the bottom subst~at~in these'sloughs are denote'don
the maps.,Warm ~ater seepages (springs)r.tere observable in all but:six of the
sloughs (Xo.l,No.2,No.3,No.4,No,'5 and No.8)•
Predation on spawning fish by raptors and carnivorous mammals was relatively
light on the streams and sloughs surveyed.Bald eagles were observed feeding on
salmon in Indian River.and Fourth July Creek.Brown bear sig~t although sparee,
was observed on Sloughs No.9,No.20 and No.2+.Black bear sign was noted on
Chase Creek,Whiskers Creek,Indian River an~Slough No.9.
Historic Information
Historic information obtained by the stream survey crew during interviews
with local residents suggest:that "10 years ago'Sloughs No.12 and ~o.13
supported 'large'spawning populations of chum salmon,but in recent years
rechannelization of the Susitna River near these sloughs has de-watered major
-25-
-1
(
j ,-I I -"I -,
{
!1 -,.
Table:13.Analysis of chum salmon age and length data by percent from escapenent samples coller.ted at Slough
No.9,Slough No.20,Slough NO.21,Indian River,Porta~e Creek and Fourth July Creek,Devl1 l s
Canyon Project.1974.
Area
Sampled
Sa OI ?le l\oeC1 ass £1rood Year Sample
SHe o:r-O-:J 0.4 0.5-WoS-T9t"9-m-o 1911 Size
t-1ean S tanda rd
length (lnll)De v1a t1 on
--~--~--·_------~--------------------r--~-~---------------------------------------------------
------------------------~----------~~r-~--~·----------~--------~-------------~----------------
-------------:----------------------·r----------------------~--~------------------------------
I
N
0\
I
Slough No.9
S lou!th tlo.20
Slough t~o.21
Indian River
39
20
36
20
35.9 46.2 17.9 0.0
50.0 qO.O 10.0 0.0
52.8 36.1 11.1 0.0
65.0 20.0 10.0 5.0
0.0 11.9 46.2 ~5.9
0.0 10.0 ~O.O 50.0
0.0 11,1 36.1 52.8
5.0 ·10.0 20.0 65.0
40
20
"0
21
579.2
500.7
563.7
519.0
35.9
'19.3
30.5
q1,9
--------------------------_-----------r--t-----~----------------------.-------------~-----------
i.,Portage Cr.13 46.2 46.2 .7.7 0.0 0.0 7.7 46.2 46.2 13 559.2 q1.2
Fourth July
Cr.
.23 26.1 47.8 26.1 0.0 0.0 26.1 47.8 26.1 25 591.5 39.2
1 1'"~I -J ...-1-~-I 1 F -1
Tab le .-14.Ana lys is of coho sa llllon aqe and length data by percent from escapement samples collected at Chase
Creek.indian River.Portage Creck.Hhiskers Cree~and fourth July Creek.Oevll·s Canyon Pro-
ject.1974.-
'I:
(r (
J\rea
Sample d
Sample
Size
AIle Class
1.1 2 :0 2.1 3.1
Orood Year19br19iO--,-rn Sillll!>10 t'!ean
She len!jth (11I11)
Standard
Oev1at1on
Chase Cr.7 O.D 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 -16 534.9 43.4
--------------~-------------------------------------------------------------------------------Indian R.13 7.1 0.0 92.3 0.0 0.0 92.3 7.7 24 500.1 53.1
-----..,...--------------------------......1 .......--_---·--------'--"---------"'----
---~------------------------~------~.«-----"------------~-------.----~-----------------------
_.---------------------------------~----------------------~---------------------~-------------
------------~-~-----~-~------------.~.~---------------------------------_._-------------------
49.2
40.5
81.9
MO.6
519.5
533.05
10
286.3
0.00.0 100.0
25,0 50.0 25.0
12.5 31.36.3 0.0 81.3 12.5
0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0
0.0 25.0 50.0 25.04
5
16
Uhiskers Cr.
fourth July
Cr.
Portage Cr.
I
N.....
I
i
i
I-Table 15.Analysis of sockeye salmon aQe and lenqthdata by percent from escapement samples _collected at
Slough No.11 and Slough No.21.Oevil's Can,yon Project,1974.
,"--
Area Sample J\ge Class Brood Year Sample ~'ean Standard
Samp le d Size T:l 1.2 2.1 1970 19iT Size Length (11I11)Deviation
Slough tlo.11 14 28.6 64.3 7.1 71.4 28.6 20 524.2 60.4
Slough No.2l 1 0.0 100.0 0.0 100.0 0.0
·.
-
portions of c:'e spa.....lling grounds.It Last:year t"'JO chums ..ere observed by a !.oc~l
resident in Slough No.12.Ie ~as further re?orted that "i~Slough No.13 ch~
and sockeye-salmon spawned in 'high'densities in the mid 1960's.bue in t~e
last five years the numbers of fish have declined,possibly due to migraticnal
barriers (beaver dams)prohibiting the salmon accessibility to portions of the
spawning grounds."
"Large"escapements of king,chu~and pink salmen in Gold Creek ioie~e ooser7-
ed by the residents of Gold Cre~k in t.b.e 1960 t s.but "in recent years only 'low'
numbers of salmon,primarily pinks,have spavned i:1 this stream."
-!
!
An "unnamed"creek.an eastside tributary stream of the Susitna River at
Sherman.Alaska was reported by residents to have had its "last 'large'escape-
ment-of pink salmon in 1966.During the summer of 1967 the stream de-watered in
-,,
all but its 'upper'section.S~awning salmon have not been observed in this
stream since 1966."In 1974 during the months of July and August'stream flow
was sub-surface in the first one hundred yard section of the stream;surface
flow occurred at the tllouthof the stream in early September.
Climatological Observations
Climatological data were collected daily,at approximately 1800 hours,at
the fishwheel camp from July 23 through September 11 (Table 16).rne maximum
and minimum air temperatures recorded ""ere 7SoF~and 48"':.,respectively.T'he
maximum recorded water temperature was 62°F.and Minimum 4SoF.Atmospheric 00-
servations conduc=ed during the 51 day period indica~ed that six cays were
level fluctuated a maxi~um of 3.3
The maximum t~e~ty-four hour period
cloudles50r had cloud cover not exceeding 5 percent:of .~hesky.and nine days
The susltnaRiver
J
SeptemoJ.11.feet from July 24 through
vere completely overcast.
r-,
-
fluctuation in the river's level
~-rose 2.~feet.
August 27 and 28 when the river
Tab 1e 16.Cl ima to logi ca 1 obse l"'va tions at the fishwhee 1 camp.aevil I s Canyon ?roj ect.1974.
-2~-
"...
\.
-
The~og~aph reacin~s of Susit~a River ~ater te~peratures f~oc S~pL~~~er 4
through Septe!::lber 11 at the .Gold Creek and fishyheel stations are present",c i.n
.Figure 10.The data suggests significant diurnal warming and noct~al cooli:1g
o.f the river at the fishwheel station but relatively low fluctuation in daily
water temperatures at Gold Creek (Figures 10 and 11).
Water·flow measurements recorded on Indian River,Lane,fourth July and
Gold Creeks are as follows:
Indian River 71.1 c..f •s.(8/6174.)Lane Creek 12.5 c.f.s.(8/16/74)
21T.6 c.f.s.(9/2/74)34~8 c.f.s.(8/28/74)
Fourth July Creek.8.6 c.£.s.(8/9/74)Gold Creek 40.5 c.f.s.(9/4/74)
75.7 c.£.s.(9/1174)
These streams were at or near peak.flood stages during the period of August 28
through Septe~ber 4.
DISCUSSION AND.St"NHARY
Fishwhee1s operating in the lower portion of the study area provided migrational
timing,age-length-sex composition and abundances levels by salmon species.
Chum and pink salmon dominated the catches.The major pink salmon migration
occurred during the last week of July and the first week of August,and corres?o~di~gli
for chum salmon in the second and third ~eeks of August.Three and four year
old fish comprised 81.6 percent of ~he chum sal~on catch.Coho salmon were
abundant in the river from mid-August to mid-September.Age samples indicated
that coho escapement was predominately four year old fish.
~~enty-one sloughs ~ere identified and surveyed for the first t~e;rearing
coho fry were observed in twelve of these,and sp3w~ing chum salmon in ni~e of
the sloughs.·In four of the sloughs sockeye salmon co-spaw~ed~th chum salmon.
Pink salmon spawned in Indian River.Fourth July.Lane,Portage and Gold
Creeks;chum salmon also spawned,in these streams,..ich the E!-xceptions of Lane
and Gold Creeks.
.,~!],...~.
.
Gold Creek
Fi shwhee1 ~.tion
cooz:
11co
CJ
;:~
1095oz
8
(
8o
~..-7
cooz:
65o:z:
5
cooz:
f·....
~45QI.
J...
U.
OJ
a 43
.....
eu.cc:
~
~47
I.i..
-$ap temhe r-
Finure 10.Profile of Susitna River water temnpratures recorded daily at six hour intervals,wHit a
Ryan Thermograph,at (;old Creek and Devil Canyon f1shwheel c~rnJlt nevil's Cilnyon Project,1974.
/"..-./"\
\
\,
"
/\i r Temperature
Hater Temperature
5 .
4fi-
78'
74
70
+-'....
eu..cc
~.c
nj
lL.
a::5'1
IIJs-
Ol~.50-
I
.oJ
---
30 4 9 1'1
-flug lIst--5 ep teu:he r-
Profile of \'iilterflnd elir ll~n'p-:~r~Lures recordeddilily(',,::1[100 hOlll'S)aL tile cast hllnk fi~;h·.:h(~:'l.
2~
..July-
r i gure 11.
!
i·j iii ,,.,.----·-·---'1-
19 2'1 29 3 B
-
T
!,
\.
I""i'
I
I
1
Pi:lk salmon spawned primarily during the fir.st r:hrough third ':o1eeks of ';'ug-
usc.The ~jor period of chum spa~ing in the streams.occurred from mid-August
to mid-September,and during the first thre~~eeks of September in the sloughS.
Spavning coho saloon were ~ecorded in Indian River.Fourth July,?or~age.
Whiskers.and Chase Creeks.
An estimated 24,286 chum.5.2S2 pink and 1,008 sockeye salmon migrated at
the fishwheel station as determined from the tag and recov~r:'program.rLe coho
salmon population was estimated ~a range from 4.000 to 9,000 individuals.Tag
returns from chum.pink and sockeye salmon spaw~ing below the fishwheel station
suggest that a significant but unknown proportion of the salmon~captured in the
fishwheelswere milling fish and not migrating to spawning grounds above the
tagging station.
A minimum of 1,036 pink,.Z,753 cham,.307 coho'and 104 sockeye -salmon spa~-
ed in the streams and sloughs of the Susitna Ri"7er between-the Chulii:na River
tributarJ and Portage Creek as determined from peak slough and stream index
~scapement counts.
Twelve of the 'sloughs surveyed yere barren of spawning salmon.Although
Slough No.10 is included in these,it contained a relatively abundant popula~ion
of rearins.coho fry.during the month of August.Springs are prevalent in t:his
slough,and the surface stratum is composed of approxi:nat ely 9S percent sandy
silt and 5 percent cobbles and boulders.The author suggests that the slough
has the potencial to support °a spawning population of chum sa~on,and it ~ould
be feasible to weir a portion of the slough and force spawn a donor stock.of
chum salmon above the structure.
The water levels in the sloughs are maintained in part by the Susitna
River,_Stream surveyors noted less rearing fry 1nthe sloughs during low water
\-32-
--
periods.bu~significantly hig~er densi:ies of fry milling in the confluences of
the sloughs yith the river.Physical accesS ioco the slmughs for the esca?ement
was considered optimum during the period of 'AuguSt ''28 co September 7 which
coincided with a flood period on the Susit~a River.Reduction in the water f!ow
of the Sus1tna River in the lase two weeks of Septemb~r resulted in less than
adequate accessibility for the sa~on into the upper spawning po~ls of Slough
No.21.
Significant gravel disp'lace::reut oc.eur=ed in the streams during the late
August-early September flood.A portion of the pink salmon spaw~may have been
destroyed as a consequence.
A continuation of field investigations is required to provide additional
information necessary for evaluating potential increases and decrease in fish-
eries habitat resulting from t~e cons~ruction of a hydroelectric complex on the
upper Sus1tna River.Monitoring the physical,chelllical and biological prvper-
ties of the sloughs during spring,summer,fall and ,"inter seasons would provide
qualitative data for determining the critical components limiting production in
".
resident and anadromous fish populations.Assessing wat:er quality directly
below the proposed Devil Canyon dam is imperative prior to establishing standards
acceptable for zigrant and rearing ";ish.The following studies are reqcired:
1)Monitoring seasonal fluctuations in water temperatures,dissolved
gasses and suspended solids in the Susitna River at Chase"and Gold
Creeks.
2)Monitoring seasonal changes in relative water levels,pH,D.O.,and
vater temperatures in the sloughs.
~.--"--"..•.".
3)Repetitive adult spa.-ner and fry surveys in-the sloughs and streams to
determine seasonal and annual de~sity and distribution fluctuations.
-33-
4)Inriver species sampling to dete~ne annual fluctuations in abundance'
levels,age composition,and migrational patterns of adult anadromous
fish populations in the Susitna River north of Talkeetna.
"-
5)Mou1to~ing food cycle relationships in the sloughs as relate to fry
production.
6)Composite sampling the bottom substrate in the sloughs.
0,
(
'i
I
l,.
I,
I
t~
I
'i
i
-
...~
Primary funding of this study ~as obtained ~hrough the National Marine
Fisheries Service.
1
iAppreciationisgiven1:0 the following dedic:ated men whom provided the tech-
nical assistance necessary to conduct this vork.
G.:offrey Caroll
Dav~d Colwell,PH.D
Mark Follansbee
Tyler Gibler
Michael Stratton
Special credit is due David Colwell for his expertise as a river boatman
and his outstanding performance in the field as a Fisheries Biologist I.
Grati'tude is'due the Fish and Wildlife Serv±ce·for use of a river boat .
-35-
escapement surveys,Devil IS Canyon Project,1974 .
.Chum Salmon Sur~:eys
Nu~oer Flsn Sa8clea
(11 ve counts)Area.
Surveyed ~ate
SUr':"!~f
Conditions Untacced,taaoed (r)total (e)
Ra tics
(ell"')
Souugh No.6.8/Z8 Fair 1 o . . 1 0.0
-------------------~------------------------------------------------------~-----Slough No.9 8110 Fai I'".1 a 1 0.0
8/16 Fair 2 O·2 0.0
'8/29 Fair 125 4 129 32.3
9/1 Fair 324 7 331 47.3
9/5 Good 458 8 466 58.3
9/12 Good 187 1 188 188.0
if"9/17 l100d .37 0 37 0.0I!-".----.-----....---------------------....---------------------------------------------
Slough No.11.9/10 Good 26 ,27 27.0
9/13 Good 20 1 21 21.0
9/17 Fair 18 ,19 19.0
9/22 Fair 10 1 11 1LO
9/21 Ex.ee1 1 0 1 0.0
\-------------------------.-------~-----------------------------~----------------Slough No.14 8/30 Good 2-a l 0.0
Slough NO.16 8/19 .Fair 2 o 2 0.0
--------_._---_._-----_._-----------------------------~----------------------------
-----------------------_...__._--_._--------'-------.------------------..:I_------------~.---
Slvugh No.17 9/9
9/13
9/24
Slough No.19 8/21 '
Good
Excel
Fa;.,.
Fair
14
12-
3
.2
ooa
a
14
12
I 3
2
0.0
0..0
0.0
0.0
'.,
f"'i"
!
I·
-----------------------------~~---------------------~---------~-----------------Slough 1'10.20 8/21 Good 2 a 2 0.0
9/5 Good 99 2 101 50.S·
9/9 Excel 56 0 56 0.0
9/13 Excel 20 0 20 0.0
911a Excel 1 0 1 0.0 .
.._----------------..-------------..--....------._-------------------------------------
Slough No.21 9/11 Good 206 9 215 23~9
9/18 Good 197 8 205 25.6
9/24 Good 40 3 43 14.3
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------,"
Indian FL 8/6 hood 6 0 6 0.0
8/7 Good 5 ,0 5 0.0
,8/8 Good 7 a 7 0.0
8/17 Good 58 0 58 0.0
8119 Good 338 5 343 68.6
9/10 Fair 176 6 182 30.3
---------------------------_._--------------------------------.--------------------
Fourth July 8/2 Fair 2 0 2 0.0
Cr.8/9 Fair 14 a 14 0.0
9/1 Fair 200 4 204 51.0"-9/11 Good 290 .10 300 '30 •.0
9/16 Good 128 3 131 q.3.7
Tota 15 3090 ·74 3164 42.8
-36-
Appendix
Table 1.(continued)
it.
8/4
8/6
8/7
8/8
Survey
Condi ti ons
;ood
;Ood
(iood
Good
~od
15
60
7
128
o
3
1
6
Ratios
(c/,.)
..8.0
0.0
21.0
8.0
22.3
---------------------------------------------------------~---------------------Fourth July
Cr.8/2
_8/9
8/16
Fair
Fai r
Fair
53
133
131
2
·6
2
5S
139
133
-.27.5,
23.2
60.5
------------------------~--------------------------------------------.-----------l.ane Cr.8/4 /iood 28 0 28 0.0
8/9 Good 80 1 81 81.0
8116 r,ood 68 1 69 --69.0
9/8 hood ,P ,0.0
Total ,,..,-32.8732.....75~
Survey Ratios
Conditions c/r)
a-iT".0
Fair 3 0 3 0.0
~ood 7 1 8 8.0
'-liood -7 1 8 8.0
Good 4 1 5 5.0
Fair 1 0 1 _0.0
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------No.ll 8/9 Good 2 0 -2 0.0
8/16 Good 19 1 20 Zd.O
9/10 ~ood67 3 70 23.3
9/16 Good 57 3 60 20.0
9/17 Good 68 2 70 35.0
9/27 Excel 56 1 -5757.0-------------------,-------------------------------------------------------------~.o.19 8/21 'Fair 3 0 3 0.0
9118 ~od 1 0 1 0.0
No.2l 9/11 r,ood 8 a 8 0.0
9118 Good 13 0 13 0.0
9/24 Good 6 0 6 0.0
Total 323 13 '33':'25.8
Coho Salmon Surveys
Number rlsh Sarnoled
Area (live countS)Q.atios
Surveyed -Date -Condi ti ons UntaaceC2 -faaqed (r)Total (c)(ell'")
Indi an R.a/7 Good._"j 0 3 0.0
8/8 Good 9 0 9 0.0-8/17 Iiood 6 0 6 0.0
8/19 Good 17 0 17 0.0-9/10 Fair 64 a 64 0.0
----------------------------------------------------------------~----7----------Fourth July 9/11 'iood 22 4 26 6.5-Cr.9/17 Good -9 1 10 10.0-
Total 1-30 5 135 27.0
.-..~..
--)---I ":,,c~'l ,0 --~-'l ---"3 j""~l'"i
;'.
C'('(
..
I Appendix
.....'Table 2.Escapement survey counts c;onducted on Sloughs No.1.No.2.No.3.No.4. No.5.No.6.No.7 and No.8.Devll'$Canyon Project.1914.'.
I .J::L.
I 0;CUll!II.
~c+J''''~"'~t""'~UL..-.J::;:)
UI ::!:Vl
Slough
No.Date
T~llIp(rature
Time rr-.
(MIlttary)Air Water
Survey
Conditions
No.fry
observed
fry Species Identified
cu
~
0>0 ~c ..c:u.,..0 0
:.,c U tI'I LIve
Adult Salmon Oensili
(hUIII ~~ckei'e
Dead Total live -Dead--rot'i
1 8/18 1520 59 58 Fair t x X o o o o o
---~--------~-~.-~.-----------------------~-------_._----------------------~~-~-----------------------~--.-~------------~-------------------------2 8/14 1230 65 60 fair t X 0 0 0 0 0
--------------------------------------------------------~-----------.--_._--~.~~----------------------~--------------------------------~----------
3 8/18
9/2
1235
1320
67
60
54
51
fair .
fair
600
600 .
x X
X
x X X
X X X
oo oo oo oo oo
----~-------------._-----------------------~--------------------~---~----_._~------~-_.---------------~------~------------------------------------
4 8/21 1430 64 58 fair 25 X 0 0 0 0 0
9/1 1615 51 50 fair 1 0 0 0 0 0_____~__~-----~-------------------M-.---~----.--------_______________________._.______________________~-~-----------~------.______________________
5 8/4 ~--fair 200 0 0 0 0 0
6'/16 1015 - -
fair 200 0 0 0 0 0
0/28 1300 51 52 fair 0 0 0 0 0 0
9/5 1430 70 56 Iiood 1000 X X
0 0 0 0 0
9/8 1400 72 53 Fair 0 0 0 0 0 0
9/27 1600 "50 51 fair 0 0 0 0 0 0
---------~--------~------_._-----------------------------------~---------~---------------._----~------~-------------------------~-----------------
6 8/16 1045 --Fair t X 0 0 0 0 0
8/28 1330 57 52 Fair -1 0 1 0 0
9/8 1430 72 54 fair -0 0 '0 0 0 0
9/9 1845 54 56 Fatr 500 X X 0 0 0 0 0
9/27 1530 50 50 fai r 0 0 0 0
0 0
---------------.----------~-----------------------.------------------------------~-----~----------_.-~-------------~------------------------------
7 ll/16 1125 66 62 nood 500 X 0 0 0 0 0
8/28 1430 60 59 flood 500 X 0 0 0 0 0
9/8 l!:iOO 72 6\flood -0 0 0 0 0
9/27 1530 56 51 Exeell 15 0 0 0 0 0
-----~--~--·~-------r-------------·---~----~-------~-~-~-~------------------------.--~------~--------------------------~--------------------------.
8 8/28 \520 62 53 Fair 50 X X X 0 0 0.,0 '0
9/8 1530 59 51 Fair 0 0 0 0 0
0
1:-:=1 -----1"'"--~::1.--t ----.-~J-!----j .-:-~~rl
~(((.
Appendix
Table :t Escapement survey cOlHlts conducted on Slouqhs no.9.No.10.No.ll and No.12.Devtl '$Canyon Project.1914.
FrY Species Identified
~I-C I-._Adult Salmon Dens1tl
Tel1erature u.0 ~~go ~.~~Chum Sockey
Slough Time un .Survey No.Fry ~15 ~~;:~'t-~
No.Date (.Ulttary)Air Water Conditions observed·lw!U &h (!J :it &h [1"e Dead Total rwe---Oead
9 8/10 1100 60 53 fal r -1 0 1 0 0
8/16 '1430 - -fair +X 2 0 2 0 0
8/29 1245 58 49 faj r -129 12 141 I 0
9/1 1300 58 52 Fal r -331 28 359 3 0
9/5 1045 51 44 Good -466 45 5\1 8 0
9/12 14'l0 58 44 hood -108 319 507 6 0
9/11 1300 56 52 flOOd 0 37 36]400 5 0
9/21 1200 51 47 fair 0 0 361 361 1 0
1 --~-~-----------------------------------------_._-----~---------------------------.-----_._----~-------~---------------------~--------------.,10 0/16 1030 60 51 fair 2000 X X X o.0 0 0 0
0/21 1100 50 42 Fair 200 X X X 0 0 0 0 0
911 0900 57 41 Fa!r 15 X.X X 0 0 0 0 0
I 9/5 0920 51 40 h1r 0 0 0 O·0 0
~9112 1530 50.,2 f,ood -0 0 0 0 0
t 9/17 1445 57 44 r..ood 0 0 0 0 0 0
9/23 1000.47 46 Poor 150 X 0 0 0 0 0_______~~__~_.•~•-.~~~_M ~••
11 0/6 1000 58 42 Good 0 0 0 0 0 0
8/9 1125 54 43 Good 50 0 0 0 2 0
8/16 1600 ~-rlOod 0 0 0 0 20 0
8/19 1700 - -Good 0 0 0 0 40 0
8129 1045 5S 44 Poor 0 !l 0 5 19 0
9/1 1100 57 46 Poor 0 0 0 0 14 0
9/5 11\00 61 46 Poor O.2 0 2 17 0
9/10 1120 54 40 Good 0 21 1 28 70 0
9/13·1600 60 44 "God 0 21 5 26 60 0
9/17 1530 59 44 fair 0 19 14 33 .70 0
9/22 1015 49 45 Fair 0 11 12 23 79 0
9/2]1100 52 44 Exeell 0 1 11 12 57 3
-~-----------------------------------~-------------~------------~~------------~~------------------------------------------..---------------_.12 8/)2 I JOO .51 43·.Goo d 1·0 0 0 ()0
B/29 0930 55 42 Fair .0 0 0 0 0 0
lJ/lO •1055 52 41 .Exc~ll 0 0 0 0 0 0
91lJ 15tJ5 60.50 Excel)0 0 O·0 0 0
9/17 1520 59 46 [xeell 0 0 0 0 0 0
9/22 1000 49 44 Exccll 0 0 0 00 a
.~.~1
(
Appendfx
-1 f --I 1 'l -~l
~<~,,>'
(
l 1 1 '-j
,
~
}i
lable ~.Escapement survey counts conducted on Sloughs No,13.No.14*No.15*110.16*No.17.andNo.18,Deyfl's Canyon Project,1914.
Fry Species Identiffeq
CII.I -c ...
lenten ture t>1C704JIII4J Adult Salmon Density.-m 0 ~~c .........~
Slough T1l11e Survey No.Fry c .c u ............u Chum SockeyeOF)......0 0 ........c :J
No.Date (m11 i tary)Air I~ater Condi tions observed :.o:·u &It ":E Vl Live Dead Total live Dead
13 8/6 0930 51 41 Good ,400 X X X 0 0 0 0 0
0/9 1025·51 43 flOod 400 X X X 0 0 0 0 0
8/12 1230 - -
Good·400 X X X 0 0 0 0 0
8/29 0900 54 48 Good ,
200 X X X 0 0 0 0 0
9/10 1030 51 41 Good 0 0 0 0 0 0
9/13 1530 62 52 Exce 11 ·----0-0 0 0 0
0
9/22 1000 49 48 fili r 0 0 0 0 0
0,._N~~~._~~~~~-~~-----~_~_.~-------------~_
14 8/30
9/10
1515
1000
66
51
52
44
Good
Good
500
100
x
X
X
X
2o o
1
2
1
oo oo
------~-----------------------~-~-----------.---------------~-------~.------------~-----_._---------------------------------------------------
15 8/5 .1350 58 46 fiir 2500 X X X 0 0 0 0 0
8/19 1025 58 48 fair 2500 X X X 0 0 0 0 0
I 8/30 0930 60 Sl Poor 1000 X X X 0 0 0 0 08
I 9/2 0900 55 52 fair 0 0 0 0 0 0
9/6 09Qd --Ilood 0 0 0 0 0 0
9/9 1120 58 42 Good 0 0 0 0 0 0
9/18 1000 45 44 Good 0 ().0 0 0 0
91Z4 1500 57 49 fair 0 0 0 0 0 0
-._~-~----.------------------------------------------------~----.----------------~----------~-------------------------------------------------
16 B/8 ·0930 52 46 filir +X 0 0 0 0 0
8119 1130 66 52 Fair 1000 X X X 2 0 2
0 0
8/30 1020 64 53 Poor -2 0 2 0 0
912.1030 54 52 Poor 0 0 0 0 0 0
9/6 1130 .59 45 Exce11 0 0 0 0 0 0
9/18 1015 45 44 Excel 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
9/24 H45 58 50 Excel1 0 0 0 0 0 0____~•~__•M .~~._~-"_
11 8/8 1445 58 4~liood 300 X X 0 0 0 0 0
0/20 1030 55 46 fair 200 ·0 0 0 0 0
8/30 1215 62 48 Poor -8 0 8 0 0
9/2 1100 53 46 Fa1r -11 1 12 0 0
9/9 1200 62 44 Good -14 .9 23 0 Q
.9113 1400 60 44 Exce11 -12 12 24 0 0
9118 1030 46 46 heel1 -0 13 13 0 0
9/24 HOO 50 48 .f ili r -3 7 10 Q 0
----p-~-~-----------~------------------~----~-----------~~-----~----------------------------,-------~-----~----~----~--~-------------------~---18 BIB 1555 52.49 Exee 11 400 0 0 0 0 0
6/30 12 ]0 63 50 Poor 0 0 0 0 0 0
.-------.----._.~.-~~-~.....-...._-
("
'I
Appendix
-1 1 1 -),
I:
<.
,
r J -h )
....
(
}
Table 5.Escapement survey counts conducted on Sloughs No.19.No.20 and No.'21.Devl1's Cally,on Project.1974.
•.J::L-
,"IIIG1~~.~~~L-.,....c:::;3
l!J :J::II)
Ten,era ture
Slough Hille ..oF)Survey No.Fry
rio.O~_~~_(Mtl!t~ry)Air "ater ~ond1tions observed
Fry Species ldentl fled
cu
t'
CJ)0 ~
J::.c.U~8 ~
Adu 1t Sa 111100 Dens I ty
.Chum Sockeye
live Dead Total Live Dead
"...---
19 8/21 1200 54 43 Fair 100
.8/30 1415 .--Poor 0
9/5 1940 56 40 Poor 0
9/9 1230 64 40 Fair 0
9113 1345 60 44 Poor 0
9118 1100 47 42 Good
9/2.4 1100 48 44 Fair
zoooo
o
o
oooo
oo
4
2oooo
o
4
3
O'
o
o
1
1o
oo
o
o
o
o
o
~----------.-----~~~-_._-------------._----------------~---._---------_.-----~-.-._~---~-----------~-------~----------------------------~-----20 8/9 )650 57 52 Good 1000 0 0 0 0 0
6121 1340 60 52 •Good 1000 2 0 2 0 0
0/30 1310 70 52 Poor -5 0 5 0 0
9/2 1130 56 51 Poor -39 2 41 0 0
."
9/5 1900 57 46 Good -101 6 107 0 0....;9/9 1300 61 46 Ex ee 11 -56 37 93 0 0-'
j .'9113 1315 .55 48 Exc;e 11 -20 58 78 0 0
9118 1115 .49 45 Excel1 -1 61 62 0 0
9/24 1145 51 46 Exee 11 -. 0 34 34 0 0__________w __•__•________________~~___________________________~_____'___________._w __~________________~~.___________________~_.~.______________
21 9/11 1000 52 44 l100d -215 296 511 6 0
9/10 1230 --Gl,lod -205 463 666 13 0
9/24 1200 53 47 flood -43 395 436 6 '0
9/26 1045 52 44 Good 125 X X Present
-ll ·~Ji-i 1 ..•')l--l ]j ~t }_J J -)
A.ppendix .'.',....'.'(
l-Ie 6.Escapement survey counts conducted ort Indian Rtver.FQU~~h July Creek.Jack long Creek.Portage cr~ek.lane cieek.Whiskers Creek and
Chase Creek,Oevtl·.Canyon Project.1974.........
"
~rature Survey",..,'·511111On Density
Tillll l"n--Survey 015 tance tiny.!lInk tliUl COlI 0
Streaftl.Date (NUttary)Atr Water Conditions (Hiles)the Dead Total l1v,beaa Total [ive Dead Tob)live (iead Total....."..,..
.--.-
Indtan 8/2 1400 67 53 Good 0.1 2 0 2 28 0 28 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
River 8/4 1900 M -Iiood 0.1 0 1 1 16 '0 16 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0/6 1500 -M Good 0.5 0 0 0 63 0 63 6 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0
8/7 1600 M -Good 0:1 0 0 0 8 0 8 5 0 5 3 0 3 0 0 0
8/8 1730 56 52 Good 0.5 0 3 3 134 0 134 1 0 7 9 0 9 0 0 0
8/17 1350 .58 53 Good O.5 0 0 0 39 18 57 58 2 60 6 0 6 0 0 0
8/19 - - -Good 0.5.0 0 0 51 12 63 128 0 12.0 4 0 4 0 0 0
6/19 ..M -Good 5.0·0 3 3 483 94 577 343 33 376 17 0 11 0 0 0
9/10 1320 64 49 fair 3.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 18Z 349 531 64 0 64 0 0 _.0
9/10 -M -htr 0.5,0 0 0 0 0 0 9Z 120 212 2 0 2 0 00
9/20 1\30 55 48 Poor 0.5 0 0 0 0 00 20 149 169 0.0 0 0 00
cwe 4'.4..i ••f.••
Fourth 8/2 1500 Ii I 55 fa Ir 0.5 2'0 .2 55 0 55 2 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0
July 8/9 14S0 62 56 fatr 0.5 0 0 0 139 0 139 14 0 14 0 0 0 0 0 0
Cr.8116 1320 68 60 Fatr 0.5 0 00 133 26 159 16 0 16 0 0 0 0 0 0
8rig 1115 58 50 Poor 0.5"0 0 00 0 0 41 10 $3 0 0 0 0 0 0
9/1 1030 57 54 fair 0.5'0 0 0 0 0 0 2Q4 21 221 0 0 0 0 0 -0
9/11 1500 60 48 Good 0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 300 294 594 26 026 0 0 0
9/11 1100 58 49 Good 0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 131 279 410 \0 0 \0 0 0 0
I 9/23 \100 50 47 Poor 0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 145 117 6 1 7.0 0 0
I.
i •• • •
I
j,.Port4ge 6/2 1430 6Z 53 Fatr 0.5 2 0 2 200 0 200 2 0 2 50S.0 0 0
~Cr.6116 - - -Fiir 0.5 0 0 0 183 35 2)8 265 \1 276 150 0 160 0 0 0
9/3 lJOO 60 50 Poor •0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 20-6 26 35 0 35 0 0 0
9116 1500 58 45 Poor 0,6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 17 17 0 0 0 0 0 0
9/26 1130 48 44 Poor 0.5 0 0 .0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.
Lane 8/4 1500 70 52·Good 0.5 0 0 0 20 0 20 0 '0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Cr,8/9 1640 -.-Good 0,5 0 0 0 01 1 82 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
8116 1135 68 52 Good 0.5·0 0 0 69 5 14 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
8/28 1445 61 48 Poor 0.5 0 0 0 9 3 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
9/8 1515 63 46 GObd 0.5 0 0 0 1 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.... . ....
Jllck 9116 \310 56·46 Excell .25 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 :)0 0 0
lOllg
...fr-:..:~.~~,..,.,-"~~~..-..-...-.-..---..--,..-....-
Whtsker$6/5 1015 63 56 Poor .3S 0 0 0 Q 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
Cr 8/30 )30S 62 55 Poor .35 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 27 0 21.0 0 0
•9f7 1040 56·55 Poor ..35 0 0 ()0 0 0 0 0 0 15 2·\1 0 0 0
......................................~.....~•••i !';••.•••,•
Ch<\se 0/16 1135 66 6)Poor .1.0 0 0 (J 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ) 0 1 1
Cr.IInl ~"~I'oor .1.0 0 0 ()0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ) 0 J I
lI/31 14IS 64 50 Poor 1.0 0 0 a 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 0 13 0 0 0
~/l 1130 61··51l Poor ~.9 0 ~(I 0 0 a 0 0 0 40 0 4)0 0 0
"••"•...........'..n
r-1il e Pos t
236.2
Pol aska Rail rOed
~
1
JI~
r iII50ft.:,1:.
I
~••~UII ••
90'%,cobbles
and boulders
.S-ft.
'.101.sandy sil~
1/3 mile
.~.
~
I
I,
.~
"""
-
.~
Appendix Figure 1 .Map of SloU9h No.~as composed on Au~ust 16,Devi1's
Canyon Project,1974.
·-43-
Alaska
Rai 1 road
and boulders
900 yds.
Appendix Fi gure 2 .~~ap of Slough :10.6 as composed on August 16,De,,;lIs
Canyon Project,1974.
90"t pebbles,cobbles
101.sandy sile
.."'"
-
-i
."""".\
-44-
---f---:"'-
*-~~"-t-a--;;--r
-~--:or---•-.--.----f~
-t--r-;--r--.--r-+---±
I...L
-i--I!-
~
~
~c
•I~----•
---:1:
-t_•.,.--,-
-*-•-;;-::t:
-!-...!-±::L
*~'-.
-r-mle Post
241 .
A,l aska Rail r8ad
pebbles
75 yds .
~-SOul ders
'/
(\
,.~~
\"\
(1,),~
\
~.....
Q::
.11 ~~
1 ~
II
oS"~CJ)~.
II
~
'-
1.
.nAppendix Figure 3 r1ap of Slough No.7 as composed August 16,Devil's
Canyon Prq.ject,1974.
\-
,..' ,-1-","l"i,:~"\'
1200 yes.
Pol as ka..
Ra 11 road
LOX gravel ~
and pebbles =t=.
40ft.:F
,-..--
-------~•.:;:::----=.~---~-..--
75yds
'-
'--
!
Appendix Figure 4 •r1ap of Siough ;:0.8 as,composed on August 28,Devil's
Canyon Project~1974..'
-(I
-46-
i:
.....,.Appendix Figure 5 •r1ap of S1ou9!'1 ~lo.9 as cO~[Josed'on August 16.:Jevil.'s
Canyon Project,1974.'
-A7-~...
~...
I..
Seaver
Dam
sao yds.
951 sandy sile
51.cobb les and
boalders
Append;x Fi gure 6 •t1ap of Slauch No.10 as composed on r~ugus t 8.Dev;l'5
Canyon Praject~1974.
-48-
n-II
I,!
-85%sancy
silt
SLOUGH ~!O.
11
75 yds.
8 e 2.'.':t
Lcd~~
",-..
.Appendix Figure 7 •r1ap of Sloughs ~lo.11,No.12 and No.13 as composed on
Auoust 9,Devil's Canyon Pro4ect,1974.
Spawning"
L...400 yes.~~-------;:::.(
8~c.obbles and
boulders
207.sandy silt
Appendix Figure 8 •Map of S'lough :10.14 as Composed on August 30,Devil's
Car-yon Project,1974.
S tati en .
S tr~a::l
D C:"r"O'1_\0&'11I_...
J "I , I.111,.-
lO~gravel
S'%boulders
800yds.
Cl e::__--:J
!..iate r St re am
Appendix Figu~e 9 •t1ap of S1ou~hrlo.15,as composed on August 5,Devil's
Canyon Project,1974 ..
..~"
6ft.
boulders
Clear
~Jater
50"4 sanciy sile
50i.cobbles and
150 ds.
v .Appendix Figure 10 •f1ap of Slouah No.16,as composed on August 8,Devil1s
Canyon Proj ect,1974.
.-
"
Beaver Darn
951.sandy silt
51 cobbles and
boulders
Appendix Figure 11 •t1ap of Slough rio.17 as composed on AU~1USt 8,Devil I s
Canyon Project,1974.
"'"'"''-..l
~
CDl'.;,~
~-\~
r Ii
,I I u
f-
\0,.
~
~.....
Q:
~
~90~·s..andy sUI:.....
Co')-~,lot cobbles
I""'"
J..R:j{;~,-'.."
.;:t,~
•i ~i".•~.,..!,t....'..~!'••::.':.~.~
.".:..-.....................?/'~.
Appendix Figure 12 •~1ap of Slough No.19 as~'-c:omposed on August 21>Oevi i 's
Canyon Project,1974.
...
,
:;"-"
+
I';1
t
"'-
150 yes.
90~pebbl~s and
cobbles'.
107.san.cy s il::
Appendix Figure 13 .r~ap of Slough No.20 as composed on August 16,Devil's
r.~nvnn...P.rn ;~..r _1Q7d ..__.._._
7St boulders,c~b~:
~nd pebblc~
C:'um SpC.'I·m i ng
Area
Clear ~'/ateT'"
Stream
v:-...:'~~'~ajcr
Spring
t1ap of Slou!Jh No.21 as composed on Septer.'ber 24,Devil l s
Canyon Project.1974.
/'f
!
iJ
r III .
f
\;~t
~
It.·H;.gh ~later-·
~Overflow Area
f
~4~t~~~'.........i,......,........,~;~.."fl'•..•~~.,....,.•......~~~.#~...: .
rj)
...." •..r •.•j1'.,•A,...~:..:I ·.~.....'.;,,...,
",.•"'.f/A.:,.:•.-.:~.~•(J7~/.•".f',"d;;;;/~
I
1
1.5 miles
Appendix Figure 14
.',-<
r
I,