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Home My WebLink AboutAPA1698C\1 , ~"' SUSITNA -LO --=C\i HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT =9-~~9-FEDERAL ENERGY REGULATORY COMMISSION "'-0 '"-=o PROJECT No. 7114 ~ ~LO -LO ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;,...._ ~(f) ~~ (f) TERRESTRIAL PROGRAM 1983 BROWSE PILOT STUDY UNIVERSITY OF ALASKA -PALMER UNDER CONiflACT TO O{]~~~~=~[ID~®©@ SUSITNA JOINT VENTURE .. FINAL REPORT MAY 1984 DOCUMENT No. 1698 .....___ALASKA POWER AUTHORITY _ _.. - - .... C\1 C') 1.0 ,..... C\1 ,..... ~ ,..... 0 0 1.0 1.0 r-I'-- C') C') - .- - SUSITRA HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT Document No. 1698 Susitna File No. 4.3.2.2 TERRESTRIAL PROGRAM 1983 BROWSE PILOT STUDY Report By University of Alaska -Palmer William D. Steigers, JR. and Dot Helm Under Contract to Harza-Ebasco Susitna Joint Venture Prepared for Alaska Power Authority Final Report May 1984 ARLIS Alaska Resources Library & lr;formation Services Libra:-/ Buildinrr. Suite Ill 321 [ Providcnc~ Drive Anchorage, AK 99508-4614 Tk 1'125 .S8 F'172. P')I'J. J(p'?~ - - - - NOTICE ANY QUESTIONS OR COMMENTS CONCERNING THIS REPORT SHOULD BE DIRECTED TO THE ALASKA POWER AUTHORITY SUSITRA PROJECT OFFICE - Browse Pilot Study TABLE OF CONTENTS Page LIST OF TABLES ....•........................•.•........••...••..... iii LIST OF FIGURES •••...........••..•••...•....•••....••......•......• ix 1 -INTRODUCTION •...........•.....•......•....•......•..•.......•..• 1 1.1-Abridged Literature Review ..••.•....•....••........••..•.. 2 2-STUDY AREA ...•••......•.......•....... ~ .....•...••.•.•.......... 5 3 -t·1ETHODS ..•.••....•.....••..••..••....•..........•............... 6 3.1-Field ..................................................... 6 3.1.1-Stem Density ............................................ 6 3.1.2 -Weight Per Individual. .................................. 7 3 . 1 • 3 -C 1 i p p ed P 1 o t s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 3.2-Data Preparation and Analysis •......•....•.•....•..•.•.•.. 9 3.2.1 -Stem Density and Plot Size .............................. 9 3.2.2 -\>Jeight Per Individual ...••••..•.•..••.•.•••....•••..... 11 3 • 2 . 3 -C 1 i p p ed P 1 o t s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 4 -RESULTS ..•.......•..•.....•.•..•....•••.•.•....••.•............ 12 4.1-Stem Density and Plot Size ............................... 12 4.1.1-Allocation of the Density Sample ....•...••.•.•....••... 19 4.1.2-Another Approach for the Density Sanple •.•••...•••..... 22 4.2-~Jeight Per Individual .................................... 26 4.2.1 -Discussion of Shrub Dimension Data ••....•••..•.••..•... 31 4.2.2-Weight Per Individual Times Stem Density .....•..•..•.•. 3;: 4. 3 -C 1 i p p ed P 1 o t s ••..•...••.••••..•••...•••..••.•.•.•..•..... 3 4 4.3.1-Allocation of the Clipped Plot Sample .................. 37 4.3.2-Another Approach for the Clipped Plot Sample ........... 38 5-DISCUSSION OF DENSITY-WEIGHT PER INDIVIDUAL AND CLIPPED PL0TS .. 40 5.1 -Density-~leight Per Individual. ........................... 40 5.2 -Clipped Plots ..••.•.......•...••.•..•••...•.••..••......• 43 6 -RECOJ"1tlENDATICNS ................................................ 46 7 -LITERATURE CITED ...................................•....•...... 49 TABLES ......•.........•........•...•.........•................. 52 FIGURES ...................•.........•......•................... 94 Browse Pilot Study (Table of contents continued.) Paae APPENDIX A-DENSITY STATISTICS-3 PLOT.SIZES ...................... 98 APPENDIX B-TH'1E TO ESTIMATE DENSITY ............................ 168 APPENDIX C-DENSITY STATISTICS WITHOUT Betula glandulosa ........ 238 APPENDIX D-TI~E TO ESTIMATE DENSITY WITHOUT Betula glandulosa .. 245 APPENDIX E-DENSITY STATISTICS, 4M 2 PLOTS, FROM 1982 ............ 252 APPENDIX F-GRAPHS OF DRY WEIGHT VS OCULAR EST~ATES ............. 256 APPENDIX G-GRAPHS OF DRY ~JEIGHT VS SHRUB OH~ENSIONS ............ 283 APPENDIX H-CLIPPED PLOT STATISTICS ............................ 308 APPENDIX I-CLIPPED PLOT STATISTICS WITHOUT Betula glandulosa ... 331 APPENDIX J-MODIFIED 1982 CLIPPED PLOT STATISTICS ............... 338 - - - ·- - - - Browse Pilot Study LIST OF TABLES Table Page 1. Level IV classification of 17 sites (3-19) sampled for the Browse Pilot study during August 1983 in the middle Susitna River Basin. 2. 2 Average density of stems per 10 m for shrubs in level IV vegetation types in the middle Susitna River Basin. Stem density was calculated for 1-m 2 , 4-m 2 , and 10-m 2 plot sizes in 1983. Stem density from 4-m 2 plots sampled during 1982 (from Steigers et al. 1983) were included for comparison. 3. Within-site variance of stem density estimates in 1- 2 2 2 m , 4-m , and 10-m plot sizes for shrubs in level IV 52 53 vegetation types in the middle Susitna River Basin. 54 4. Average time (seconds) to count stems in 1-m 2 , 4-m 2 , and 10-m 2 plot sizes for 6 level IV vegetation types in the middle Susitna River Basin. Values for individual species do not include time to move between p 1 ots and no va 1 ues include time to locate and establish the transects. 55 5. Average time (minutes) to count stems for an estimated adequate number of plots at each site in 2 2 2 1-m , 4-m , and 10-m plot sizes for 6 level IV vegetation types in the middle Susitna River Basin. Values for individual species do not include time to move between plots and no values include time to locate and establish the transects. i i i 56 Browse Pilot Study (List of tables continued.) Table 6. Summary of average time in minutes required to sample the density of shrub stems for an estimated adequate number of plots at each site. t,1eans are by species across all sites for each non-zero plot size. 7. Summary of results of analysis of variance for the time requ i red to samp 1 e the density of shrub sterns for an estimated adequate number of plots. Sites were nested within vegetation types and plot sizes were crossed with sites and vegetation types. 8. Comparison of vegetation types between the pilot study and i~cKendrick et al. (1982). Percentages of total mapped area in the VJatana and Devil Canyon impoundments and construction zones from ~kKendrick et al. (1982; 102, 106} are also given. 9. Average elapsed time/plot including move time in " seconds, and number of 4-m~ plots/site, Minutes/site, and sites/level IV vegetation type required to sample total stem density within 20% of the mean with 67% confidence. Estimates are for selected shrub species in 9 level IV vegetation types in the middle Susitna River Basin. Betula glandulosa has been excluded. Includes data modified from Steigers et al. (1983}. 10. Comparison of vegetation types between the 1983 pilot study and 1982 browse inventory (Steigers et al. 1983}, and tv1cKendrick et al. ( 1982). Percentages of total mapped area in the \IJatana and Devil Canyon impoundments and construction zones from McKendrick et al. (1982; 102, 106) are also given. iv Page 57 58 59 60 62 - - 110'!1\ I - - - - - Browse Pilot Study (List of tables continued.) Table 11. 2 Percentage of cost to sample density in 4-m plots, and allocation of 680 maximum sites among 8 level IV vegetation types. Betula glandulosa has been excluded. 12. Summary of plots of dry weight versus ocular estimate by observer for each species. 13. Summary of plots of dry weight versus untransformed shrub dimensions and ocular estimates by species for 4 major species. 14. Stepwise regression summaries by species for total dry weight (leaves plus twigs) and dry twig weight versus all shrub measurements including transfor- mations and volumes. 15. Times to obtain measurements including clipping on each individual of a species and the approximate optimum ratio of estimated individuals to clipped individuals based on ocular estimate as the only measurement. All observers were combined. 16. Stepwise regression summaries by species for log (dry ~"eight) and log (dry twig weight) versus all shrub measurements, untransformed or logarithmic transforms only. v Page 63 64 67 69 74 75 Browse Pilot Study (List of tables continued.) Table 17. Comparison of slopes of regression estimates by observer and across all observers for each species. Results were obtained using analysis of covariance with log (dry twig weight) as the dependent variable. 18. Results of analysis of covariance with log (dry twig weight) as variable, observer as the groups, and ocular estimate as the covariate. 19. Results of analysis of covariance with time to estimate an individual as the dependent variable, observer as the groups, and ocular estimate as the covariate. 20. Summaries of dry weights per individual, densities, and dry weight/area based on weight x density and clipped plots for the woodland black-white spruce vegetation type. 21. Summaries of dry weights per individual, densities and dry weight/area based in weight x density and clipped plots for the woodland black spruce vegetation type. 22. Summaries of dry weights per individual, densities, and dry w~ight/area based on weight x density and clipped plots for the open mixed spruce-paper birch vegetation type. 23. Summaries of dry weights per individual, densities, and dry weight/area based on weight x density and clipped plots for the open tall willow vegetation type. vi Page 79 80 81 82 83 84 35 -" - - - - - - Browse Pilot Study (List of tables continued.) Table 24. Summaries of dry weights per individual, densities and dry weight/area based on weight x density and clipped plots for the open low dwarf birch-willow vegetation type. 25. Summaries of dry weights per individual, densities, and dry weight/area based on weight x density and clipped plots for the open low willow vegetation Page 86 type. 87 26. Average current annual growth twig and leaf biomass in grams per 10 m2 for shrubs in 6 1 evel IV vegetation types. A 1-m 2 circular plot was used. 83 27. Elapsed time in seconds required for 2 persons to clip current annua 1 growth twigs and 1 eaves from shrub species in 1-m 2 p 1 ots, and then move to and establish a subsequent plot. 28. Average time {minutes) to clip an estimated adequate number of 1-m 2 plots at a site for 6 level IV vegetation types. Plots were clipped by 2 persons. Time required to clip each species was allocated based on percentage of total dry weight clipped. vii 89 90 Browse Pilot Study (List of tables continued.) Table Page 29. Approximate average elapsed time including move time in seconds for 2 persons to clip current annua 1 growth twigs in 1-m 2 plots, and number of 1-m 2 and 0.5-m2 plots/site, minutes/site, . and number of sites/level IV vegetation type required to sample clipped plots within 20% of the mean with 67% confidence. Estimates are for selected shrub species in 9 level IV vegetation types in the middle Susitna River Basin. Betula glandulosa has been excluded. Includes data modified from Steigers et al. (1983). 30. Percentage of cost to clip plots, and allocation of 680 maximum sites among 8 level IV vegetation types. Betula g1andulosa has been excluded. viii 91 93 - - """' ' r- - - Browse Pilot Study LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1. Location of middle Susitna River Basin study area in southcentral Alaska. 2. Location of 17 sites sampled during the browse pilot study in the middle Susitna River Basin. ix Page 94 96 - - -' - Browse Pilot Study 1 1 -INTRODUCTION One means of assessing a potential impact of the proposed Susitna Hydroelectric Project on wildlife is to inventory available winter browse for moose (Alces alces gigas) in the vicinity of the impoundment zones. A preliminary study was performed during 1983 to investigate efficient methods of sampling browse in this area. The primary objective of this study was to look at techniques while a secondary objective was to look at sample allocation for sampling units among sites, vegetation types, and geographical areas (impoundment versus non-impoundment). Previous studies by Steigers et al. (1983) and the Cooperative River Basin Study of the United States Forest Service and the Soil Conservation Service could be used to provide additional information on the sample allocation problem, although the latter data are not included in this report. Steigers et al. ( 1983) conducted a browse inventory of the middle Susitna River basin during July and August 1982 using 47 sites. Measurements included canopy cover, stem density, twig counts, average dpb, and current annual growth in 1-m 2 quadrants. The Cooperative River Basin Study covers many of the draina9es of the Susitna River from Cook Inlet to the glaciers in the Alaska range. Approximately 85 locations were sampled in the middle and upper Susitna basins for timber inventor;y, ground cover, productivity, stem density, soils, and wildlife habitat information. Two basic approaches vJere taken to estimate browse/unit area: (1) density times weight per individual and (2) clipped plots. Plots were assumed to be the best technique for sampling density of several species as based on Olderneyer and Regelin (1980). The sample allocation problem was addressed only for sites and vegetation types, not for geographical areas. ,.. ' Browse Pilot Study 2 ~I 1.1 -Abridged Literature Review ~~any studies have been perfonned to assess efficient methods of ~ sampling browse or other components of woody species. This 1 iterature may represent a biased sample of all such studies because most researchers report positive findings. ~1any dimension analysis studies regress total weight or total current growth against shrub measurements, rather than using total twig weight (browse) as the dependent variable. A few studies have investigated plot sizes for clipped plots. Parker and Morton (1978) compared contiguous subplots 2x1 m to evaluate 2 2 plots of size 2 to 10 m . They found 6 m was the best plot size but predicted that over 200 plots may be required to adequately sample moose forage .,.~ithin 20% of the mean 95% of the time across all sites. Twig counts were used for deciduous shrubs, and height times basal diameter was used for balsam fir. Logarithmic transfonns of both dependent and independent variables were used for twigs while untransformed data were ") used for the balsam fir data (r'-=0.93). Overall dimensions rather than the twig count method were used for balsam fir because of the number of twigs to count. Barrett and Guthrie (1969) counted browse tips and clipped browse in 484 1-milacre plots on a 0.484-acre area in a 40-to 60-year old mixed oak-pine stand in Virginia. Browse was the current annual terminal growth of all woody species from the ground to 5 ft (1. 5 m). Optimum plot size increased \tJith increased hypothetical location time with a two-member crew with plot sizes of 1, 2, 4, and 9 milacres. Simple random sampling was superior to double sampling. A one-man crew was superior to a two-nan crew for 1-milacre plots. Bobek and Dzieciolowski (1972) (cited) studied browse by plot . 1 1 2 . harvest technique 1n severa deciduous forest types. Pots 21 rn 1n -~ .·~ -'t jfWi])i(_ ...... - ~ - - - Browse Pilot Study 3 size app1eared most useful. The effect of site was defTlonstrated by the variability in sample size requirements for adequate sampling i.e. 5 plots in plantations, 9 in thickets, 14 in timber stands, and 19 in pole-sized stands. Shafer (1963) used the twig count method of measuring deer browse while Telfer (1969) used twig weight-diameter relations to estimate browse. ~1any other studies have used similar techniques, however Bobek and Bergstrom (1978) found that twig count r1ethods did not work well ~-.,hen browse was dense as in thickets. Similarly Parker and ~~orton (1978) used twig counts on deciduous shrubs but used dimension analysis on balsam fir because of the number of twigs. Twig counts used by Steigers et al. (1983) in 1982 were time consuming and were not considered for this study. ~1any studies have successfully used shrub dimensions to estimate various components of shrub biomass, including browse. Bobek and Bergstrom (1978) measured height and stem diameter at 5 to 10 em heights above the ground for pine, spruce, and birch on a young forest plantation in centra 1 Sweden. They obtai ned r2 values in the range of 0.96 0.98. Parker and norton (1978) obtai ned an 2 of 0.93 relating to r oven dried twig weight to height times diameter for balsarr fir in northcentral Newfoundland. ~Jhisenant and Burzloff (1978) obtained r 2 = 0.87 for green weight of mesquite versus the stem area at 60 em above the ground. The weight of individual trees was not correlated with the density. Ohmann et al. (1976) used stem diameters as the best predictor of weight using both linear and allometric forms of the equation. Their r 2 values were in the O.ll to 0.60 range. Actual diameters produced better results than diameter classes. Height was only measured in 15-c!Tl increments which may have accounted for its low correlations. Browse Pilot Study 4 Uresk et al. (1977) found volu~e and area best to predict live wood weights of 20 big sagebrush plants (r2=0.80). Peek (1970) used volur1e and area as the best predictors also. Ludwig et al. (1975) used area and volume to obtain high r 2 (0.99) values for 10 shrubs of each species. Bentley et al. (1970) used crown volume classes to decompose the variability and obtain r 2 values rangi.ng from 0.93 to 0.96. tiany of these studies used logarithmic transfomations to stabilize the variances. Chew and Chew (1965) selected shrubs that were sy~~etrically shaped whi 1 e Peek ( 1970) a 1 so commented on the advantages of a symmetri ca 1 canopy. Other studies selected nonrandom shrubs across a range of size classes. Observers may have had a conscious or unconscious tendency to select well-fanned individuals. This could result in the high correlations found. . 2 Also, many researchers do not report low r or all the independent variables that might have been tried unsuccessfully. This brief review is meant only to give a little perspective and not to be a complete synthesis of the literature on browse sar1pling. We would like to thank Dr. Wayne L. Regelin of the Alaska Department of Fish and Game (ADF&G) for his input in determining the objectives and methods of this pilot study, and for his assistance in collecting field data. James G. ~~acCracken and Patrick V. Mayer assisted in planning, collecting field data, and processing laboratory samples. Suzanne Miller, ADF&G, provided statistical consultation. Randal L. Fairbanks and Dr. Roseann Densmore assisted in the planning and implementation of this study. Granville Couey organized logistical support for field operations at Watana Base Camp. Niki T. lrJood and Kathleen Wells provided clerical services for preparation of this manuscript. - """' - - -' -! ;"'·· - -' .- Browse Pilot Study 5 2 -STUDY AREA The study area is located in the Susitna River Basin upstrear.1 of Gold Creek (Fig. 1). It is bounded on the west by Devil Canyon and on the east by the ~1aclaren River and extends approximately 16 km on either side of the Susitna River. Elevations range from about 333 m on the river at Devil Canyon to 2085 mat the top of Mt. Watana. The river elevation rises to approximately 800 m at the confluence with the r·1aclaren River. Topography of the study area has been strongly influenced by past glacial action and associated creek and river erosion. Generally, the area is a broad U-shaped valley with a relatively narrow V-shaped valley occupied by the Sus itna River. Upstream glaciers probably previously extended into the area. Numerous creeks and rivers drain into the Susitna River along its course in the middle Basin. The channel slopes are very steep near Devil Canyon, rising approximately 333m vertically in about 1 km horizontal distance. The benches above the river channel are approximately 666 -833 m in elevation and make up a majority of the study area. At the eastern end of the middle Basin, the river-channel is relatively less steep and much wider. Various plant communities are found in the middle Basin study area. ~1cKendrick et al. (1982) mapped 16 vegetation types in the middle Susitna River Basin at Levels III or IV of Viereck and Dyrness (1980). The plant communities are strongly influenced by site topography, soils, and moisture regimes. The steep, well drained river channel slopes arP domina ted by forest communities such as the mixed birch-spruce fares t and open coniferous forests on both sides of the river. The benches above the river contain primarily shrub communites on the drier sites, followed by white spruce {Picea glauca) forests on well-drained slopes, Browse Pilot Study 6 and black spruce (Picea mariana) forests on the wetter sites. Alpine vegetation types exist at the highest elevations. 3 -METHODS 3.1 -Field General areas representative of the vegetation types to be sar1pled were selected from aircraft over-flights and prior familiarity with the vegetation composition. Specific sites were selected based on presence/absence of key plant species cons ide red important as r1oose browse. Six vegetation types visually classified to Level IV of Viereck et al. {1982) were sampled from August 10-22, 1983. The 6 types were woodland black (Picea mariana)-white spruce (Picea glauca), woodland black spruce, open mixed white spruce-paper birch (Betula papyrifera), open tall willow, open low dwarf birch (Betula alandulosa) -willow (Salix spp.), and open low willow. Seven shrub species were investigated: Alnus sinuata (sitka alder), Betula glandulosa, B. papyrifera, Salix alaxensis (felt leaf willow), ~· glauca (glaucous willow),~· lanata (lanate willow), and~· pulchra (diamondleaf willow). At each site, 2 parallel 50-m line transects were established from a randomly chosen starting point. The transects were spaced approximately 15m apart and were located within the homogeneous area. 3.1.1 -Stem Density Ten plots of each of 3 circular plot sizes were sampled with 15 " plots located along each transect. The 3 plot sizes used were 1m'- with 56 em radius, 4m 2 vJith 113 em radius, and 10m 2 with 178 cr1 radius. Plot sizes were randomly drawn from the pool of 30 total plots, without replacement, and then randomly assigned to the 15 roints along each transect. Plots ~vere spaced far enough apart to prevent overlap. Circular plots were delineated by rotating a rope 11arked at the .-, j - -· ' Browse Pilot Study 7 appropriate radius around a metal rod inserted into the ground at each point along the transect measured using a 50-m tape. All stems of the selected shrub species rooted within the plot were counted. Only stems that exceeded a height of 40 em v.1ere counted for Betula _g_landulosa. A stem \ltas defined as a lone branch protruding from ground level. A single observer counted stems in the 1-m 2 and 4-m 2 p 1 ots wh i1 e a second researcher recorded data. Both observers counted stems in the 10-m 2 plot. Stems of each shrub species in each plot were counted separately and in the · following sequential order: Betula glandulosa, Salix pulchra, S. glauca, ~· lanata, 2· alaxensis, Alnus sinuata, and Betula papyrifera. Beginning and ending time to search the plot and count the stems of each species was recorded in the field while elapsed times v.1ere calculated later. The total time required to count sterns for all species ~~as also calculated for each plot. The elapsed time required to move to the next plot and set it up was calculated at 28 of 30 points; move time was not recorded for the first plot of each transect. Density of shrub stems was not counted at sites 1 and 2. 3.1.2 -~eight Per Individual At 10-m interva 1 s a 1 ong each transect, the nearest ster1 of each selected shrub species within approximately 5 m was selected for r.1easurement and harvest of current annual growth. For Betula gl andul osa, only stems that exceeded 40 em in maximum verti ca 1 height were selected for measurement. Stems were measured for basal stem diameter at ground level in millimeters, maximum vertical height in centimeters, maximum depth of the leaf canopy along the longitudinal axis of the stem in centimeters, maximum horizontal length (labelled "width" in Polycorder and printouts) of the leaf canopy in centir.eters, Browse Pilot Study 8 and maximum horizontal 1tlidth (labelled 11 right angle 11 in Polycorder and printouts) of the leaf canopy measured at right angle to the length in centir:1eters. Total weight of current annual growth of twigs and leaves fror:: ground level to 250 em in height was ocularly estimated in grams, or to the nearest tenth gram for small values. Current annual growth twigs and 1 eaves were then c_l i pped and bagged together by height categories. Each stem was divided into the following 3 vertical height categories: ground level -40 em, 41 -80 em, and 81 -250 em. Plant material exceeding 250 em in height was not measured. Total wet weights to the nearest gram, or tenth of a gram for small values, were obtained fro!'l each bagged samp 1 e the same day and recorded. Bagged samp 1 es were partially dried in the field to prevent spoilage and later oven dried at 60 C for 48 hours. Dried samples 111ere separated in the laboratory into leaf and twig components and then weighed to the nearest tenth of a gram. Beginning and ending times in seconds were recorded for measurinCJ basal diameter; measuring height, depth, length, and width of the leaf canopy as a single time unit; ocularly estimating total current annual growth; and clipping and bagging current annual growth t1>1igs and leaves. Elapsed time was then calculated for each of these categories and movement to the next consecutive point along the transect and/or search for another shrub. t··1easurements for biomass at sites 1 and 2 were identical to those at the remaining sites with the following exceptions: r.aximuiT' height vJas measured along the longitudinal axis of the stem rather than vertically; ocular estimates of the current annual grov.Jth of twigs and leaves were made for each height category; and twigs and leaves '"'ere clipped for each height category and weighed separately in the field. - ;~ -' - - Browse Pilot Study 9 3.1.3 -~lipped Plots Up to 10 1-m 2 circular plots spaced 10 m apart along a line transect were clipped for current annual growth of twigs and leaves at each site. These plots were located independently of any other plots. Current annual growth of shrubs within the vertical projection of the plot boundary was clipped by species from ground level -250 em and bagged. Total wet weights to the nearest gram, or tenth gram where appropriate, were obtained for each bagged sample. Bagged samples were partially dried in the field to prevent spoilage, and later dried at 60 C for 48 hours. Dried samples were separated in the laboratory into leaf and twig components and then weighed to the nearest tenth of a gram. The total elapsed time to clip all species in each plot and the time required to move to the next plot were recorded. ~'o plots were clipped at sites 1 and 2. 3.2 -Data Preparation and Analysis 3.2.1 -Stem Density and Plot Size Files containing density of stems by species and plot size for each site were first edited then concatenated into one file containing all sites. Raw time data were then converted to elapsed time by subtracting the times recorded that occurred prior to and after the stems \-Jere counted for each species. The total time elapsed to count all sterns from all species was computed, as well as the time reoui red to r:~ove bet\'1een plots. These move times were multiplied by a constant of 3 to simulate the time required to sample 10 plots along 2 transects as if only a single plot size had been used. Twenty-eight move times were recorded at each site; the first plot established on each transect did not have an accompanying move time. These computations were included • • Browse Pilot Study 10 with the original density values in a reformatted file for use by programs from statistical packages. This file v1as then checked for errors, negative times, and missing data through several means: by program control that flagged negative times, by reformatting the ra\v data into labelled output, and by hand. Density of stems were analyzed for mean, standard error, variance, ,!l!!'l .. - and estimated sample size to adequately sample within 20% of the mean -, with 80% confidence. Density of stems for a 11 3 p 1 ot sizes were converted to a 10-m 2 basis for purposes of comparison among plot sizes. This area was selected to make the density values easier to discuss. Statistics were calculated for individual shrub species and total ster1s for all species in each plot with plots averaged for each site, and with sites combined into Level IV vegetation types (Viereck et al. 1982). Time in seconds to count stems was analyzed for mean, standard error, variance, and estimated sample size to adequately detennine the time within 20% of the mean with 80% confidence for each species, move time, and all species combined including move time. Elapsed time to search the plot for each species was averaged regardless of the presence or absence of the species in a given plot. Sites were combined into Level IV vegetation types using a nested analysis of variance. These mean squares can be used to calculate sample sizes although results ray be somewhat biased because sites were not randomly 1 ocated. Average time required to count the stems of each species was multiplied by the estimated number of plots required to adequately sample the density of stems at each site to derive an estir.1ate of the time that would be required to sample that many plots. This calculation was also performed between total time and the estimated adequate sample size for all species combined. Analysis of variance using a repeated ..... I - - - .. ~ ·~ Browse Pilot Study 11 measures nested design across the 3 plot sizes was conducted to determine if a statistical difference could be detected. 3.2.2 -~eight Per Individual Raw field data from individual shrub measurements in each site were first edited then concatenated into one file containing all sites. Dry Heights of field-collected plant samples \vere obtained in the laboratory and entered into a data file. Field wet weights of plant samples were edited and entered into a data file. These 3 files were then reformatted and merged into a single file which also contained elapsed times. The merged file was then checked for errors and for unpaired v1et and dry weight data under both program control and by hand. Dependent variables of dry twig plus leaf v1eight and dry twig 1.veight were plotted against individual shrub dimensions and ocular estimates. Appropriate transformations of data were perfomed in cases v1here relationships were non-linear. Stepwise regression analysis was used to determine which individual shrub measurements, singly and in coPlbination, v1ere the best estimators of current annual growth. ~'ore details on these r:~ethods are included in Results because of the stepwtse nature of the analysis. 3.2.3-Clipped Plots Dry weights of field-collected plant samples were obtained in the laboratory and entered into a data file. Field wet weights of plant samples were edited and entered into a data file. These 2 files were reformatted and merged with the elapsed time to clip plots. Clipped plot data were analyzed for means, standard errors, variance, and the estimated number of clipped plots required to adequately safTlple the current annual growth within 20% of the mean with 80% confidence. All biomass values were multiplied by a constant of 10 to produce hionass estimates on a lO-r.1 2 basis. Total time to clip each plot and r:1ove tif!1e Browse Pilot Study 12 between plots were also calculated. Total time was nultiplied by the estir1ated sample size calculated for total biomass of all species to estimate the time required to adequately sample a site. Sites v.Jere combined into Level IV vegetation types using nested analysis of variance. These mean squares can then be used to calculate estir1ated average number of plots within sites and number of sites within vegetation types. Non random selection of sites, however, may lir1it the usefulness of these estimates. 4 -RESULTS Seventeen sites were sampled in the study area during August 1983. The sites were visually classified and grouped into Level IV vegetation types described by Viereck et al. (1982) (Table 1). Tre allocation of effort to each vegetation type, expressed by the number of sites sampled, was based on both the extent of the area in relation to the study area as well as its importance to moose. Importance to moose was assumed to be directly related to the abundance of willows. The /i~Wli:\ locations of the 17 sites are shown in Figure 2. - 4.1 -Stem Density and Plot Size 2 2 The average number of stems counted for each species in 1-m , 4-1"1 , and 10-m 2 plot sizes are shown in Appendix A. Stem densities were averaged across all plots of each plot size within a site, and then converted to a stems per 10-m 2 basis for comparison among plot sizes. This area was selected to make discussion and conparisons of the 3. plot 2 sizes easier. Standard errors (s_), variances (s ), number of plots X (N), and estimated samples size (NHAT) are also shown for each species (Appendix A). Sample sizes were calculated for estimates of the required number of plots to sample density of stefllS within 20% of the fllean with 80% confidence. The average number of stems for all shrub - - ..... i - Browse P'i 1 ot Study 13 species combined in each plot was also calculated for each site and vegetation type. Stern densities were averaged across sites and combined into Level IV vegetation types for each plot size (Appendix A). In addition to the same statistics calculated for individual sites, within site n·IITHIN) and between site (B~1S) variances were calculated. The number of sites required to adequately sample the density for each shrub species and for the sum of all stems was also calculated (BNHAT). Caution should be used when interpreting these values since the nonrandom location of sites may affect these variances. A summary of mean stem densities taken from Level IV vegetation types for the 3 plot sizes in Appendix A is shown in Table 2. \·lith a few exceptions, stem density of dominant species numerically decreased as the area of the plot increased, although this was not tested statistically. Lower stem densities in the 10-m 2 plot size may be due in part to stems missed in counting. Care was necessary with the 10-M 2 Two plot size to insure that all stems were counted exactly once. persons counting in the 10-m 2 plot size facilitated this effort. Lori density species (e.g., 1-5 stems/10m 2 ) occasionally had lo'.<Jer densities in the smaller plot sizes. Examples of these were Betula glandulosa in the open mixed spruce-paper birch vegetation type, Salix pulchra in the woodland black-white spruce type, and Alnus sinuata in the open tall willow type. Individual stems of the selected shrub species tended to be clumped, probably belonging to one parent root system. Smaller plot sizes such as the 1-m 2 plot can be expected to more frequently miss low density species, particularly if the actual scale of clumping of that species is substantially larger than 1m2 . Higher variance can also be Browse Pilot Study 14 expected under these circumstances {Table 3). Variance decreased \'lith increasing plot size in most cases. But for some low density species variance did not follow a trend with respect to plot size. Stem density estimates from data collected in 1982 by Steigers et al. (1983) for comparably classified Level IV vegetation types were usually lower than estimates obtained from this study, particularly for abundant species {Table 2). Stem density estimates for 1982 were obtained using a 4-m 2 circular plot. Density differences \AJere probably a result of selecting particular sites in 1983, rather than the random site selection of 1982. Sites in 1982 were randomly selected from a grid overlaying a vegetation map of the Susitna River Basin. Because only certain vegetation types were to be sampled during 1983, sites were selected for certain species composition in the specified vegetation types. Density estimates v1ere probably biased because of this selection. Between-site variances were large because sites were only classified to Level IV of Viereck et al. (1982). These variances could be reduced by further stratification based on slope, aspect, elevation, or species composition (Level V). Appendix B summarizes the number of seconds to count and record the number of stems of each shrub species, the time required to move to and establish a subsequent plot, and the total time to count all stems and 2 2 2 move to a new plot in 1-m , 4-m , and 10-m plot sizes. Elapsed time \'laS averaged across sites and combined into Level IV vegetation types for each plot size (Appendix B). Other statistics are also given, as described for Appendix A. A summary of mean times taken from the Level IV vegetation types for the 3 plot sizes in Appendix B is shown in Table 4. Time to count - - ~- .- Browse P·i 1 ot Study 15 stems increased with the· size of the plot because r10re stems were present. One person counted stems in the 1-m 2 and 4-m 2 plot sizes while a second person recorded the data. However, 2 persons counted the stems in the 10-m 2 J plot size with one of those persons recording the data. If only one person had counted the stems in a 10-rn 2 plot, approximately twice as much elapsed time would be required relative to one person. Having a second person record data for any plot size saves a little elapsed time, but probably results in more man-hours spent. " Prob 1 ems encountered with only one person counting in the ln-f'1L p 1 ot were most obvious when many ta 11, woody stems impeded movef'1ents within the plot. With two people, one could count one semi-circle and the second could count the other half. It was difficult to keep track of which stems had been counted in the 10-m 2 plot. Use of 2 people made movement easier, but it compounded the problem of keeping track of which stems have been counted . Two persons would probably be most efficiently used when counting in 2 2 . the 1-m and 4-m plots if each counted separate plots or took other measurements. Two persons counting stems in the 10-m 2 plot size would finish faster, although more ·errors may be introduced. For this study, however, elapsed time rather than na n-tiT'1e \'Jas used for comparison among the 3 plot sizes. Two persons were ah1ays present during the density sar1pl ing and both contributed to the extent needed to maximize the efficiency of the team. In a rnore realistic situation, one would probably be working on a different plot to f'1aximize data obtained in a given period of time. Average time in minutes required to count stems for an estimated adequate number of plots in 1-m 2 , 4-m 2, and 10-m 2 plot sizes v1as estimated for each species sampled in the 6 Level IV vegetation types (Table 5). These estimates •,vere calculated by multiplying the mean tir:e Browse Pi1ot Study 16 in seconds by the within-site estimated sample size, and then dividing by 60 to obtain minutes. ~lithin-site estimated sample size was obta·ined by taking the sum of the number of sites included in the vegetation type and WNHAT from Appendix A, and then dividing that by the number of sites. No single p1ot size consistently required less time to sample the estimated adequate number of plots than the other two plot sizes 2 (Table 5). The 1-m plot size appears to require slightly less time to sample Betula glandulosa in the woodland black-white spruce and woodland black spruce vegetation types, and Salix pulchra in the woodland black spruce and open tall willow vegetation types. The 4-m 2 plot size appears more efficient for Betula glandulosa in the open mixed spruce-paper birch type, and Salix pulchra and Salix glauca in the woodland black-white spruce type. The 10-m 2 plot size may work well on low growing Salix pulchra in the open low willow vegetation type (Table 5) • Hhen the total time for all stems including move time was calculated, however, the 4-m 2 or 10-m 2 plot sizes generally had lower " overall time requirements than the 1-m~ plot size (Table 5). Travel time may affect the relative efficiency of the different size plots. It may require less time to count stems in the required number of plots for a 1-m 2 plot versus a 10-m 2 plot, but because more 2 1-m plots are needed, more time is spent moving between plots. This is " evident for the open low dwarf birch-willow type where the 1-m~ plot requires approximately the same or less time than the 10-m 2 plot fo~ most species (Table 5). It was only slightly higher in the one exception. The times to count all species plus move between the plots 2 ~ was almost twice as much for the 1-m plot as for the 10-m~ plot. These numbers are not directly comparable, but they do represent the presented argument. -_, - ~' ·- - - -- - ,.... Browse Pilot Study 17 VJhen average time in minutes required to sample the density of shrub stems for an estimated adequate number of plots at each site was 2 averaged across all 17 sites for each non-zero plot size, the 4-m plot size had the lowest average time for 5 of the 7 shrub species (Table 6). 2 The 1-m plot size had the lowest required time for Salix pulchra and Alnus ~1uata while the 10-m 2 plot size had the lowest required time for total e·lapsed time including move time (Table 6). This probably resulted because fewer 10-m 2 plots are required, hence fewer move times are added. To determine if the mean required sampling times were significantly different among the 3 plot sizes, an analysis of variance was conducted using a univariate repeated measures design (Hull and Nie 1981). In this analysis, sites were nested within vegetation types and plot sizes were crossed ~Jith sites and vegetation types. The model used was as follows: yijk = u +Vi + S(i)j + pk + VPik + SP(i)jk where V = Vegetation type (1 through 6) S = Site (1 through 6) P = Plot size (1 through 3). Vegetation type (V;) was tested with the site (S(i)j) error term while plot si:ze (Pk) and the interaction of plot size and vegetation type (VP;k) were tested with the site-plot size (SP(i)jk) interaction error term. There was no true error term in this model because there was no true replication. Using this model, mean time to sample an estimated adequate nunber of plots was significantly different among the 3 plot sizes for Salix pulchra, Salix glauca, and Alnus sinuata (Table 7). i·1ean time for the 10-m 2 plot was numerically larger than for either the 1-m 2 or 4-~2 plots Browse Pilot Study 18 for these 3 species (Table 6), although this was not tested statistically with a mean separation test. The vegetation type -plot size interaction term was also significantly different for Salix glauca, Salix alaxensis, and Alnus sinuata. The mean response of the 3 plot sizes was different among the specific vegetation types. ~1ean times among the 6 vegetation types were significantly different for Betula glandulosa. This analysis supported the conclusion that the time required to count stems for adequate sample sizes was different among the 3 plot sizes. Statistical evaluation suggested that differences exist for some species. Small sar.~ple sizes, and specific selection of particular sites and vegetation types, limited the usefulness of the statistics. Hence, evaluation of plot size based on experience with its use in the field is necessary. One person could efficiently count stems in the 4-m 2 or sfllaller plot size. 2 liith a radius of 1.13 em, the 4-m plot approaches the upper 1 imit of the ability of a person to mentally keep track of stems previously counted or those not yet counted. It was easier to use b1o " persons with the 10-mL plot but it would be difficult to insure that all 2 stems were counted exactly once with either 1 or 2 obeservers. The 1-m and 4-m 2 plots have small enough radii that an observer can see frofl1 the center to the outer boundary without moving their feet. Perimeter judgr.1ents were also Dare easily made by leaning to the end of the rore rather tha.JJ having to walk to the end of the rope as was the case for 2 2 2 the 10-m plot size. Both the 1-m and 4-m plot sizes were faster to set up and use than the 10-i plot size, particularly when maneuvering the rope in tall vegetation such as Salix alaxensis, Alnus sinuata, and Picea spp. The 10-m 2 plot size can be elininated from further consideration because of potential inaccuracies and difficulty of use. - - - - - - - - Browse Pilot Study 19 The 4-m 2 plot size required the .least time to adequately sample plots at site for more shrub species than the 1-m 2 plot size {Table a 6) . The 4-m 2 plot size also had lower variance of stem density estimates for most dominant species in the vegetation types sampled (Tab 1 e 3). 2 The 4-m plot was also consistent with density data previously collected from the Susitna River Basin as well as data collected from the nearby Alphabet Hills (Steigers et al. 1983) and U.S.D.A. Institute of Northern Forestry (INF) pre-and post-burn fire inventories. Considering both statistical and practical evaluations of 2 the plot sizes under consideration in this study, we recommend the 4-m plot siz,e as the best of the 3 we tested to use for estimating stem densities in the middle Susitna River Basin. Therefore, only data collected using the 4-m 2 plot size were considered in all subsequent analyses and discussion. 4.1 .1 -Allocation of the Density Sample Although sample sizes in this study were inadequate, we calculated the appr-oximate allocation of sampling effort in tenns of relative number of sites within the 6 vegetation types sampled. Using a between-site variance calculated from this study and sample allocation equations from Mendenhall et al. {1977; 64), we estimated the percentage of total sites to sample in a vegetation type to minimize variance for a given cost or to minimize cost for a given variance. For the optirur:~ allocation equation: N. s. 1 1 -JC. 1 n. = (n) N. 1 L s. 2 1 1 jC. ; = 1 1 Browse Pilot Study 20 where N.= size of the i-th vegetation type= percentage of hectares in 1 each vegetation type in the Watana and Devil Canyon impoundments and construction zones UkKendrick et al. 1982; 102, 106) from Table 8, s .= sample variance between sites within vegetation type i = 1 between mean squares from vegetation type density estimates for total stems of all species combined (Appendix A), and C.= the cost at each site = total time per plot including move 1 time {Appendix B) multiplied by average number of plots needed per site for adequate sampling (Appendix A). Using the approximate allocation formula which minimizes the cost for a fixed variance, 15% of the effort in terms of the percentage of total sites sampled for density estimates among the 6 vegetation types would be conducted in the woodland black-white spruce type. SiMilarly, 66% of the sites would be conducted in the woodland black spruce vegetation type, 1% in the open mixed spruce-paper birch type, 0.03% in the open tall willow type, and 18% in the open low d\<Jarf birch-willow type. The open low \'lillow vegetation type was not used in the equation because there was only one site sampled and no between-site variance. Similarly, other vegetation types which were not sampled did not appear in the equation. This exercise was a method to allocate cost given reasonable variance estinates. Validity of the between-site variances computed for the data collected in this study should be weighed against the limited number of sites sampled in each vegetation type. Given the allocation of the percentage of total cost that should be accomplished within each vegetation type, a maximum cost based on the maximum amount of work that could feasibly be executed out of Hatana - - ~ J - - - - - - - -' -,I r ' - , Browse Pilot Study 21 Base Camp could be estimated. Assuming the 7 week period from July 16 -August 31, 1984 and a 5-day work week, 34 total work days would be available. Further, assuming 10 2-person work crews that could complete 1 site per day {density plus clipping individual shrubs), up to 340 sites could be sampled for density of shrub stems during that time period. Using the percentage of cost allocated to each vegetation type and 340 sites as the maximum cost, density would be sampled at 51 sites within the woodland black-white spruce vegetation type. Similarly, 222 sites would be sampled in the woodland black spruce type, 4 sites in the open mixed spruce-paper birch type, a minimum of 2 sites in the open tall willow type, and 61 sites in the open low dwarf birch-~1/illow vegetation type. A number of prob 1 ems are apparent with the use of the foregoing allocation of cost estimates. As mentioned previously, not all vegetation types considered important for supplying forage for moose are represented in the analysis. A related problem is that for the vegetation types that are included, the area of the middle Susitna River Basin that is the basis for their size or importance (N.) in the 1 equation is the percentage of the ~Jatana and Devil Canyon impoundments and construction zones occupied by that type. This disregards vegetation adjacent to the impoundments that may be important to moose. A more realistic approach may be to weight certain areas or certain vegetation types based on their locale or vegetative composition. Areas or vegetation types that are of greater importance to moose could be weighted more heavily in the allocation of sites while their converses could be weighted less heavily. Additionally, the fixed variance estimate~ used in the optimum allocation equation was for total steJ:Js of Browse Pilot Study 22 all species, including Betula glandulosa. If food habits studies document that Betula glandulosa is not a significant food itern in moose diets, this species may not be sampled during the full-scale bro\"/Se inventory. If Betula glandulosa were excluded from the analysis, the between mean squares (8~1S) as well as the within site estir'1ated adequate sample size {WNHAT) would probably increase for the vegetation tyres in which it occurred (Appendix A). Finally, the cost estimates fror'1 Aooendix B dn not include travel time to a site and the time required to S~!~ ~m ,,1 :h tnnsect. Travel time is directly dependent on the location of the site and, on an average, may be similar among most vegetation types. Transect set-up time may be cons ide red a constant among the vegetation types for this exercise although in practice is probably takes longer in the denser and taller vegetation with profuse undergrowth. 4.1.2-Another Approach for the Density Sample A more realistic approach to the problems of the preceding allocation of density plots would be to consider other inforr-~ation that would increase the usefulness of the estimates. One vvay would be to remove Betula glandulosa from consideration as an important forage item for moose. Although moose food habits research from this study area has not yet documented the relative iP1portance of Betula glandulosa in roose diets, other studies such as those in Denali National Park have suggested that this species-·1s a minor component relative to other shruh species {V. Van Ballenberghe, personal comr:1unication). Steigers et al. (1983) reported low utilization of Betula glandulosa twigs in 9 of 10 vegetation types in the middle Susitna River Basin. Based on the - - - .- -\ - - - Browse Pilot Study 23 results of those studies, the anticipated results of the moose food habits study, as well as personal observation of the utilization of Betula glandulosa relative to other shrub species,~-glandulosa will probably not be sampled in the full-scale browse inventory. Thus it vlill be deleted from consideration in this section for stem density est·imates as well as for the elapsed time to sample density plots. Another method to provide a more realistic sample size estimate would be to decrease the width of the confidence interval around the mean by decreasing the confidence level from 80% to 67%. For these types of studies, being correct 2 out of 3 times is a realistic level considering the extent of sampling effort, the inherent variation in the variables we have sampled, and the level at which sites were grouped into vegetation types. The results of deleting Betula glandulosa from the pilot study 4-n 2 density and elapsed time analysis and us·ing 67% confidence for both are shown for vegetation types in Appendices C and 0, respectively. The number of plots required per site and the number of sites required per vegetation type to adequately sample increased substantially for total stems of all species in most types over those shown in Appendix A. This occurred in spite of the decrease in level of confidence from 80% to 67% in vegetation types where Betula glandulosa was a major component of the sampled species compo_sition. As expected, however, these estimates f110re closely approximated the variability associated with sampling density of the rarer species such as the Salix spp. and Betula papyrifera. Average elapsed time to count all stems and move to the subsequent plot decreased by the number of seconds required to count Betula alandulosa stems (Appendix D). Browse Pilot Study 24 Allocation of sites to the 5 vegetation types for this pilot study (open low willow type dropped out because there was only 1 site) could be expanded by utilizing modified stem density information from studies conducted in 1982 by Steigers et al. (1983). Although sampling times are not available for the vegetation types sampled in that study, total times to count stems in 4-m 2 plots were probably close to the times required for vegetation types with similar species composition and stem I densities sampled in this pilot study. Average stem density for the shrub species sampled in this study, exclusive of Betula qlandulosa, for 3 vegetation types not sampled during this pilot study but sa\Tlpled in 1982 are shown in Appendix E. The vegetation types sampled for density "l in 1982 using 4-mL plots were the open white spruce, open black spruce, and open low dwarf birch types. A summary from Appendices C, D, and E of number of sites sar1pled, "l elapsed time per plot including move time, and number of 4-m'-plots per site, minutes required to sample a site, and number of sites per vegetation type required to sample total stem density within 20% of the mean with 67% confidence is shown in Table 9. Information from both ~ this pilot study and data modified from Steigers et al. (1983) are given in Table 9. Time to count stems, exclusive of Betula glandulosa, and r:tove to the subsequent plot for the 3 vegetation types sampled ciuring 1982 was estimated from pilot study vegetation types sir1ilar in species composition and density. A modification of Table 8 to reflect the 3 additional vegetation types is shown in Table 10. The \tJatana and Devi 1 Canyon iMpoundnents and construction zones were retained in Table 10 rather than expanding the area because these zones will receive maximUIT ir1ract frof'l installation of the dams. Additionally, the area estimates for these I _';'I - - -· Browse Pilot Study 25 zones were taken from 1:24,000 scale vegetation maps which are the largest scale and most precise vegetation maps currently available for the area. The use of estimated sample sizes for total stem density rather than sample sizes estimated for individual species may be justified by assuming that, with the exclusion of Betula glandulosa and possible exception of Alnus sinuata, the remaining shrubs we sampled are equally utilized for forage by moose. ~Jith fe~J exceptions, every dominant species of Salix is browsed by moose in the middle Susitna River Basin. Steigers et al. (1983; 192) reported up to 33% utilization of available twigs on Alnus sinuata in the study area. Although browsing pressure is localized and a function of the availability of other plant species, we will assume here that total stem density can be used because browsing pressure is relatively constant across all remaining shrub species that we sampled. Optimum allocation of the cost for sampling density of the 8 vegetation types given in Table 9 can now be undertaken. Using between-site variances from Appendices C and E, the percentage of cost in terms of effort expended to sample density in the 4-m 2 plots is shown in Table 11. Seventy-three percent of the total effort would be expended in the 3 vegetation types included from Steigers et al. (1983) (Table 11). Using this formula for allocation of effort based on variances calculated from available data, 79% of the total effort vJOuld be concentrated in spruce forests and approximately 21'% in the shrub types. The open low willow vegetation type was not included in this all o cat i on . Based on time required to sample an estimated adequate number of plots per site within 20% of the mean with 67~~ confidence for the 8 Browse Pilot Study 26 vegetation types for which data is available, density estimates could be conducted by 1 person within 2 hours (Table 9). If we assume that individual shrubs would also be clipped at each site, 2-person crevts were working at each site, crews could be moved by helicopter or walk to a second site at least once each day, 10 2-person crews worked 5 days per week, and 34 work days were available, then up to 680 sites could be sar.1pled. Narrowing the confidence 1 imit around the mean would decrease the number of sites that could be accomplished if the number of required plots/site increased over that which could be accomplished in ~ day. The time to clip individual shrubs needs to also be considered in the time estimate to accomplish all phases of the work required at each site. Table 11 shows the allocation of the 680 sites to the 8 vegetation types for which data is available in the middle Susitna River Basin. A minimum of 2 sites are required in each vegetation type considered important to moose. 4.2 -Weight Per Individual The primary statistical analysis for the weight per individual involved step\'lise regression analysis relating dry current gro~tJth twig \'Jeight or dry twig plus leaf weight to various independent variables. Potential dependent variables included wet weights for twigs and leaves combined for each height category or dry weights for twigs and 1 eaves separately for each height category or combinations. Dry weights were selected to eliminate the effects of variable moisture. Twig vJeights were emphasized rather than total or leaf weights, since ~.,.inter browse v1as the primary area of concern although total dry weights v-1ere used in some analyses. Height categories were not considered in the analysis in order to reduce the number of computer runs needed. Height categories were also ignored in the initial analysis because - - - Browse Pilot Study 27 of assumptions made in the field. Initial ocular estimates \vere nade for twigs and leaves separately for each height category, and each component was bagged that way in the field. This was extremely time consuning and tedious (particularly in the rain). In the interest of obtaining data on a number of shrubs in a number of sites, we decided to estimate total weight, clip and bag by height category, and separate twigs and leaves after they were dried. We assumed that a percentage of the total weight could be assigned to each collponent. Initial regression analyses indicated very different results for total dry weight and dry twig weight. Hence, our assumption of constant proportions appeared to be false. This could be further analyzed using the initial data where components were individually estimated and sampled. However, this has not been done yet because of the overall poor results of the double sampling. Dry weight versus ocular estimate was plotted for each observer for each species (Appendix F). There was no indication of nonlinearity so untransformed estimates were used in future analyses. Slopes and intercepts of lines derived from least-squares estimates appeared different for different observers. However, many times the slopes appeared similar (Table 12). To simplify initial regression analysis, runs were made without di stingui shi ng observers for the ocular estimate. A later section will deal with a more detailed analysis of this. Raw independent variables included basal diameter, height of plant, crown depth, width, right angle, and ocular estimate of total current growth. Dry weight was plotted against each independent variat.le for the four major species (Betula glandulosa, Salix pulchra, ~· glauca, and S. lanata) to determine what mathematical transformations r:1ight be appropriate, if any (Appendix G). t1ost graphs appeared relatively linear Browse Pilot Study 28 vJith only slight curvature. Basal diameter, width, and right angle measurements sho~1ed some tendencies toward curvature but it was not consistent with all species (Table 13). One objective that we ~tlere trying to accomplish was to use the same techniques regardless of species so there would be consistency of measurements for the full-scale inventory. The original crown dimensions were transformed into simple crown area and crown volume estimates by multiplying ~~idth by right angle and this area by height or depth. Stepwise regression analyses were performed for dry twig weight of each species using the original and transfomed variables. Ocular estimates were used without regard to observer for these initial runs. Results are summarized in Table 14. Later runs included dummy variables to account for intercept differences among observers, but results were not greatly improved. Ocular estimates consistently gave the best results or ~·1ere a close runner-up with few exceptions particularly for the more common species (Table 14). This appears to be the one best measurement that is useful for all species. Results for Betula glandulosa and Salix pulchra were not very good for any variables (Table 14). These species are probably the most abundant and the most time consuming to clip. In other words, where double sampling could be the most benefit it did not seem to help much as evidenced by the clipped to estimated ratios (Table 15). Note that these times are field times only and do not include laboratory or data analysis time. Residuals were plotted against the predicted values for each species. All plots indicated increasing variance of the residuals with increasing predicted values. This violated the assumption of homogeneity of variances and suggested the usage of logarithr1ic - - ·- - - Browse Pilot Study 29 transforms or weighted regression analysis (Draper and Smith 1966). The 1 oga rithm of dry weight and dry twig weight were used as dependent variables while the original shrub measurements and their logarithmic transformations were used as independent variables in a step~tJise regression analysis. Results are summarized in Table 16. The residual plots appeared random but the correlations were smaller than in the original model in most cases. This transformation of the dependent variable (dry weight, dry twig weight) introduced a bias when converting data back to the untransformed data space. This could be corrected using the formula in Baskervi 11 e (1972) and others. However, it was never calculated because of the low r 2 • The transfomed equations would have been selected for final analysis since they did not violate the assumption of homogeneity of variances even though the model did not appear to be greatly improved. This was at the suggestion of a biometrician (Suzanne ~1iller, ADF&G). Regressions using the logarithmic transform were analyzed and v1ere summarized in Table 16. The plots of residuals for all species appeared relatively random; however, the carrel a ti ons and standard error of estimates were generally not improved with the 1 oga ri thrn i c transformation. Betula glandulosa correlations for dry twigs dropped from 0.48 to 0.11, Salix pulchra went from 0.69 to 0.20, ~· glauca stayed about the same, ~· lanata went from 0.89 to 0.72, Alnus sinuata went from 0.70 to 0.51, and S. glauca, Betula papyrifera, and S. alaxensis remained about the same. Ocular estimate, basal diameter, and depth appeared to be the best variables. Differences among observers for ocular estimates were further analyzed using covariance analysis for each species separately since the ocular estimate appeared to be the best single variable. The dependent Browse Pilot Study 3() variable was the log of dry twig weight, covariate was ocular estir:~ate of current fresh weight, and groups were observers. Table 17 summarizes the slopes by observer and for all observers for each species while Table 18 summarizes the degrees of freedom and probability levels for testing the hypotheses of equality of adjusted means, significance of covariate (zero slope), and equality of slopes between groups. Slopes of the covariate were significantly different for observers for Betula glandulosa, Salix alaxensis, and Betula papyrifera (Table 17). The relatively small sample sizes for the last two species should be noted. The slopes for Salix glauca showed a tendency toward inequality among observers while those for}_. pulchra and~· lanata appeared to be not significantly different. Comparison of the actual calculated slopes, however, indicated that the slopes were nu!"1erically different. Hence, regression estimates vwuld be improved by taking the observers into account. The dummy variable analysis that was actually performed accounted only for different intercepts, not different slopes, into account for observers. This caul d by why the addition of dummy variables for observers did not improve results, especially since the intercept should have an expected value of zero. The negative slopes for two observers for Betula glandulosa were interesting and might be an artifact of the ocular estimates being rade for total leaves and twigs, rather than just dry t~~igs (dependent variable). The negative slopes also occurred with untransforr.1ed data. This might also account for some of the poor correlations. No good explanation has surfaced yet. Analysis of covariance results indicated that the dry twig weight clipped generally did not vary among observers except for Salix alaxensis and some tendency for S. lanata and}_. glauca (Table 18). The - - - - - - - :~ ,.. .. Browse Pilot Study 31 covariate of ocular estimate (slope not equal to 0) was very significant in almost all cases while the differences in slopes were significant about half the time. Since inequality of slopes (regression coefficient of ocular estimate for each observer) violated an assumption this actually invalidated the other conclusions of the covariance analysis. An interesting sidelight of this analysis developed when the "tine to ocularly estimate the total fresh weight" rather than 11 dry twig weight 11 was used as the dependent variable for the covariate analysis. This assessed whether observers differed in their estimation times and whether the size of the ocular estimate affected the time. A glance at the results indicated that sometimes observers were significantly different in their estimation times, regardless of the size of the estimate (Table 19). At other times observers were not different, but the size of the estimate was significant in affecting estif'lation tirne. Sometimes site differences were confounded with the observer for less common species such as Salix alaxensis. The slopes of the regrPssions were generally statistically constant with respect to observers. This analysis was not critical to the computation of biomass; hov~ever, when expanded to other measurements besides the ocular estimates, it might indicate some human engineering factors that should be included in training sessions. 4.2.1 -Discussion of Shrub Dimension Data Overall the results of the double sampling aspects of the study were not as good as one might hope in order to save field time in a future full-scale inventory. Correlations of inexpensive measureMents with expensive weights were lowest where costs were highest. Two people in the USFS who have done similar studies were contacted to see if they had any success in double sampling Alaskan shrubs. One reported negligible success in predicting current growth for several shrub Browse Pilot Study 32 species while the other reported excellent success for the one species, Salix barclayi, that he measured. The second researcher observed that the shrubs he used had a consistent growth form and were generally unbrowsed. He suspected that browsing would alter the grm-Jth fom and would make prediction equations less precise and less accurate. ~~ost of our shrubs were browsed. Perhaps better fit could be obtained by using shrub characteristics such as degree of browsing or size class or environmental factors such as slope, aspect, or surrounding shrub density as grouping factors. Each shrub species had its own structural characteristics which affected clipping. Betula glandulosa usually had many short, thin current growth twigs which were tedious to clip. The leaves were attached to Sl-:lall, stiff protrusions that nade stripping leaves fran twigs difficult. ~1any branches existed because the shrub is strongly branching. Salix pulchra was similar in having many short twigs but the leaves v~ere easier to strip. These characteristics made those two species time consuming to clip. Salix glauca and~· lanata were si~ilar in having more robust current growth that was easier to clip and strip leaves from twigs. Larger leaves and twigs may have made estir1ation easier. Salix alaxensis \'Jas the most robust of all the willow species with current twigs reaching lengths of over 1 m. Hand clippers could be used efficiently to cut these twigs. For the amount of material on an individual, it was probably the fastest to clip. Alnus sinuata and Betula papyrifera had more widely scattered twigs and leaves than the other species. Betula papyrifera v1as frequently hedged. These growth factors may have affected the prediction equations and efficiencies. 4.2.2 -Weight Per Individual Times Stem Density ~~eans of dry weight per individual and dry twig v1eight per individual were calculated for each species on a vegetation type hasis - - - - - - - - Browse Pilot Study 33 (Tables 20-25). ~·1eans and crude variances for the weight per area were calculated by multiplying the average weight per individual of a species in a site by the average density (4-m 2 plots) per site and grouping sites by vegetation types. These calculations were crude at best because within-site variances were not taken into account. The variance of the product was obtained by treating the product of weight per individual and density for a site as actual measurements (no variance) as opposed to considering their variance within a site and their covariance. The variance could only be reported where the species was sampled in more than one site per vegetation type. Data from clipped plots are also considered here for comparison, but these data are also very limited by sample size. Hence, comparisons of weight per area are crude. Samet i mes means and/or variances vte re reported for the product but not for clipped plot (Tables 20-25). This occurred because the species might have occurred in clipped plots but individuals were not clipped or vice-versa. No statistical analyses were used to test differences between the product and the clipped plot weights, so all comparisons are hased on numerical and not statistical differences. Clipped plots for Salix pulchra in the woodland black-white spruce type contained an average of ? 2 1 g dry twigs/10 m"" while weight times density indicated 31 g/10 m (Table 20). The estimates for Salix glauca were close, however. The two techniques produced similar values for Salix pulchra in the woodland black spruce type although the clipped plot variance 1vas much larger (Table 21). Salix lanata dry twig weights were much smaller for the clipped plots than for the weight times density technique. Alnus sinuata had larger dry twig weights (5 g) in the clipped plots than in the v~eight times density for open mixed spruce-paper birch type (Tahle 22). Browse Pilot Study 34 The clipped plot technique resulted in larger weight estimates for Alnus sinuata, Betula papyrifera, and Salix alaxensis in the open tall willow vegetation type, although the latter values were comparables (Table 23). Values for Salix pulchra were smaller. Variances for - clipped plots were generally much larger; however, the 1 ir.1itations of """' the input data may account for a large proportion of the differences. Clipped plots resulted in larger weight estimates for Salix pulchra and Betula papYrifera in the open low dwarf birch-willow vegetation type while values were smaller for Salix glauca and l· lanata (Table 24). Responses of variance differed: Salix pulchra had larger values for clipped plot, ~· glauca variances were about the same, and S. lanata had larger variances for weight times density. Because of the extremely small sample size (n=19) for the weight times density method and the crude variance calculations, it was not - considered reasonable to carry the analysis beyond this point at this - time. This study and ensuing discussions with statisticians havr. revealed many problems with techniques for using a product of 2 randor1 variables with proper sampling designs as well as with later calculations. Considering the small sample sizes in this study, perhaps a future analysis could be performed without regard to vegetation type {although it would still be very limited). Each species at each site would then be represented by a density, twig weight per individual, and clipped plot parameter. Overall means and variances could be calculated and compared. 4.3 -Clipped Plots Current annual growth twig and leaf biomass for shrubs in cl ippeci -IIIJIIi!!l plots is shown by site and vegetation type in Appendix H. ~~eans are _, shown on a grams per 10 m2 basis for comparison v1ith density/clipped ,_ I - - Browse Pi 1 ot Study 35 individual estimates. Other statistics are also given, as described for Appendix A. A summary of clipped biomass for vegetation types in Appendix H is shown in Table 26. Betula glandulosa was a dominant component of clipped twig and leaf biomass in the woodland hlack-\'Jhite spruce, woodland black spruce, and open low dwarf birch-willow vegetation types. Approximately one third of the total twig and leaf biomass in the open low d\varf birch-willow type was Salix pulchra, whereas 100% of the biomass occurring in the open low willow type was~· pulchra. Approximately 83% and 15% of the twig biomass and 79% and 18% of the leaf biomass was Salix alaxensis and Alnus sinuata, respectively, in the open ta 11 wi 11 ow vegetation type (Tab 1 e 26). The open ta 11 willow and open low willow vegetation types had the greatest total twig and leaf biomass of the 6 types sampled, whereas the open ~ixed spruce-paper birch had the least (Table 26). The open low willow vegetation type required the longest average ") time to clip 1-m~ plots (Table 27). This was partially due to the dense growth of Salix pulchra (Table 26) at the single site in this vegetation type (Table 1). However, this site (3) was also the first site sampled; thus, some time for organization and discussion of techniques \"'as undoubtedly hidden within the clip time for the 6 plots conducted there. Plots in the open low dwarf birch-willow vegetation type required about 7-8 minutes longer to clip than plots in either of the spruce-doninated types (Table 27). This was probably partly because of the dominance of both Betula glandulosa and Salix pulchra in the open low dwarf birch-vJillow vegetation type and also because this type had an average current growth approximately twice as great as either of the spruce types (Table 27). Although the open tall willow type had the greatest Browse Pilot Study 36 average twig and leaf biomass, only one vegetation type had a lower average time to clip (Table 27). Salix alaxensis and Alnus sinuata, both predominant within the 2 sites sampled in the open tall willow type, were substantially easier to handle and less time consuming to clip than other shrubs because of their robust growth of new 1 eaders. The open mixed spruce-paper birch vegetation type required the least time to clip plots (Table 27). The average time to clip 10 plots at site 16 was 117 seconds, but was 0 seconds at site 17. Fe\'t of the shrubs we sampled were found in this vegetation type, and then they only occurred in low density (Table 2). Many of the clipped plots in this type were devoid of the shrub species we sampled. The time required to move 10m to the subsequent plot, establish it, and prepare to clip it ranged from 2-2.4 minutes at 4 of the vegetation types (Table 27). 1'1ove time ,?Veraged 1.5 minutes at the 4 sites 1n the woodland black spruce vegetation type. Only 54 seconds \•tas required in the open mixed spruce-paper birch type (Table 27). A move time of about 2 minutes could be used as a general average for all vegetation types if clipped plots were spaced 10m apart. Average time in minutes required to clip an estimated adequate number of plots was obtained for each measured species in the 6 sa(Tipled vegetation types (Table 28). Calculations were perfonned as descrihed for Table 5. All estimated times for individual species in Table 28 are approximations because only the total elapsed time to clip the vegetation in each plot was record-ed. The time required to clip twigs and leaves of each species was allocated based on the percentage of total dry weight clipped. Although this is a rather crude approach, it is probably a fairly accurate approximation for most species except Salix alaxensis and Alnus sinuata in the open tall willow vegetation ~) - -' - - - - - Browse Pilot Study 37 type. Both of these shrubs growing in this type produced robust leaders that were relatively easily handled and quickly clipped. The allocation of time to clip these 2 species might have been too high had other species that were more time-consuming to clip (e.g. Betula glandulosa and Silix pulchra) made up a substantial proportion of the total biomass (Table 26). However, the only other species clipped within the open tall willow type were minor components of the total biomass (Table 26). Betula glandulosa was the most tedious shrub to clip and required the most time input per unit weight of biomass collected. Thus the ti!'1e required to clip Betula glandulosa is probably underestimated relative to its percentage of the total biomass clipped. 4.3.1 -Allocation of the Clipped Plot Sample The approximate allocation of sampling effort in terms of number of sites within the 6 vegetation types sampled could be calculated even -though the sample size was very inadequate. Using a between-site variance calculated from this study and ~~endenhall et al.•s (1977; 64) sample allocation equation described previously, minimum cost estimates were calculated in terms of a percentage of a maximum number of sites could be allocated to each vegetation type. Using this formula 'tlhich minimizes cost for a fixed variance, 24% of the effort in terms of the percentage of tota 1 sites sampled for clipped plots among the 6 vegetation types sampled would be conducted in the woodland black-white spruce type. Similarly, 56% -of the sites would be conducted in the woodland black spruce vegetation type, 8% in the open mixed spruce-paper birch type, 2% in the open tall willow type, and 10% in the open low dwarf birch-willow type. As previously discussed, the open low willow vegetation type dropped from the equation because there was only a single site. Again Browse Pfl ot Study 38 ') assuming a maximum of 340 sites as described for the 4-m"" density plots, 82 sites would be sampled using clipped plots within the woodland black-white spruce vegetation type. Up to 190 sites would be sampled in the woodland black spruce type, 27 sites in the open mixed spruce-paper birch type, 7 sites in the open tall willow type, and 34 sites in the open low dwarf birch-willow type. 4.3.2-Another Approach for the Clipped Plot Sample Discussions with project personnel subsequent to collection of pilot study data have revealed the priority of information on winter forage for moose. In this pilot study both twig and leaf current annual growth was clipped. Leaf current annual growth was clipped to detemine summer biomass. The time required to clip 1-m 2 plots could be substantially reduced if leaves were not taken. The elimination of Betula glandul osa as a viab 1 e source of forage for moose waul d a 1 so substantially reduce clipping time, especially in vegetation types doninated by this shrub species (e.g. open low dwarf birch type). As previously discussed for the density plots, decreasing the confidence interval around the mean by decreasing the level from 80% to 67% may give more realistic sample size estimates. The results of deleting Betula glandulosa and the leaf current growth of all shrubs from the clipped plot analysis, and using 67% confidence, are shown for each vegetation type in Appendix I. The interpretation of differences in sample sizes for the two techniques is difficult because of the limited sample size and the adequacy of current sampling. For a reliable interpretation, the paired values of N, NHAT; WN, WNHAT; and BN, BNHAT should have the first number as the larger. In other words, the existing sample size should be at least as large as the estimated sample size, or somewhere near there. If 20 plots were -I - 11!111! ! -' - - - - - - - - Browse Pilot Study 39 sampled as for the open mixed birch-spruce type and the est·imated sample size was 209, the reliability is questionable (Table H11). Similarly one would not sample 820 sites based on a nur:lber calculated fro111 2 sites. vJoddland black spruce and low dwarf birch-willow were the only types with a reasonable estimate of current annual growth within a site (Tables H8, H20). A reasonable number of sites was sampled only in the low dwarf birch-willow vegetation type (5 sites sampled, estimated that 5 sites were needed, Table H20). However, in the second analysis without Betula glandulosa and leaves, none of the numbers appear acceptable based on estimated sample size, with the possible exception of those for dvJarf birch-~·Jillow (Appendix 2). It appears that more plots per site will be needed if Betula glandulosa and leaves are not clipped, however, each plot will be sampled much more rapidly. The ubiquitousness of Betula glandulosa apparently reduced variances and increased means so that estinated sample sizes were smaller. ,., Data collected from 0.5-m"-clipped plots collected by Steigers et al. (1983) in the middle Susitna River Basin was modified to reflect total twig current annual growth of the shrubs sampled in this pilot study (Appendix J). The same 3 vegetation types included in the density analysis, and summarized in Table 10, were used here for expanding the number of samp 1 ed vegetation types. For this ana 1 ys is, the 0. 5-r,2 and 1-m 2 clipped plots from the two years data were not differentiated. Elapsed time to clip twigs of all species, except Betula glandulosa, was calculated as a percent of total tir.e to clip twigs and leaves (Table 29). A minimum of 30 seconds to clip a plot was established. Elapsed time to clip plots includes move tir.e (Table 29). A summary of Appendices I and J showing plots per site and sites per Browse Pilot Study 40 vegetation type required to sample twig current annual growth within 20% of the mean with 67% confidence is depicted in Table 29. Time required to sample an adequate number of clipped plots ranged from 22 to 169 ninutes among the 9 vegetation types sampled. Sites in 6 vegetation types could be sampled within approximately 1 hour (Table 29). The average time across the 8 vegetation types was 71 ninutes. In actuality, it would probably take at least ~ day to sample a site including travel and set-up time. Optimum allocation of the cost to clip plots in the 8 vegetation types given in Table 29 can be derived. Using between site variances from Appendices H and J, the percentage of cost in terms of effort expended to sample clipped plots is shown in Table 30. Using these variances and excluding Betula glandulosa, 70% of the total effort would be expended in the spruce-dor1inated forests. Approximately 29% of the effort would be concentrated in the shrub types (Table 30). Assuming 680 sites were the maximum that could be sampled for clipped plots, as described for 4-m 2 density plots, approximately 90% of the sites would be allocated to the open white spruce, open hlack spruce, and open low dwarf birch types (Table 30). These 3 vegetation types were sampled using random placement of sites by Steigers et al. (1983). A combination of between site variation and the planar area dominance of these 3 vegetation types among the types sampled resulted in the allocation of effort shown in Table 30. 5 -DISCUSSION OF DENSITY-WEIGHT PER INDIVIDUAL AND CLIPPED PLOTS 5.1 -Density-Height Per Individual 2 The 4-m plot was selected as the overall most efficient size to use for sampling density of the selected shrubs in the rliddle Susitna River Basin. It was chosen considering both the statistical and - - - .... Browse Pilot Study 41 practical implications of the 3 plot sizes investigated, as well as its consistency with previous and related studies. Average time required to count stems in the 4-m 2 plot could be substantially reduced if Betula glandulosa stems were not counted where it occurs as a dominant species. One observer can efficiently count stems and record the information while using the 4-m 2 plot. A number of problems exist with using density estimates for the intended purpose of combining them with weight per individual to produce 2 weight per area. Stems in a 4-m plot cannot efficiently be counted by height category. Some knowledge of the heights of species in the density plots is required unless it is assumed that the average distribution of heights within density plots is the sarne as the distribution of heights of individuals selected to be clipped. The number of shrubs of each species required to adequately saf11ple total twig biomass would probably be greatly increased if the variahility associated with clipping by height category were introduced. The results of this pilot study have shown that maximum lleight of a clipped individual is poorly related to total current annual growth dry weight of twigs, and even more poorly related to twig dry weight of the 3 height categories we used. Average height of each species within the density plot is a gross measure and is probably no better related to twig biomass than maximum height. Crown shapes of the shrubs of interest in the middle Susitna River Basin have been altered, severely in many cases, by browsing. Plant heights result from the degree of browsing, growth during the summer, and to summer browsing of tenninal twigs. Because of site variation, it is necessary to sample v1eights of individuals in the same area (site) as the density estimates \<Jere taken. Within-site variances will not be available if they are not sa1'1plerl at Browse Pilot Study 42 the same site. These questions of statistical independence have yet to be resolved. Counting stems by basal diameter is time consuming and, as we have shown in this study, basal diameter is poorly related to twig biomass. Basal diameter classes could be a form of stratification, but this was not examined in this study. Overall average weight by height category of a species multiplied by the average stefll density per area of the 11 average size 11 individual counted in a 4-m 2 plot will produce at best only the average weight per area of a height category based on those average-sized individuals. And unless density and weight per individual sar1ple are taken at the same site, this information will be available only on a vegetation type basis. Better methods are available. Each individual stem for each species requires up to 3 labelled bags for the clipped twigs if the same 3 height categories are used in the main browse inventory. Each bag must be handled individually and it, or its associated number, must go through no fewer than the following 6 steps: 1) weigh and record 1;11et weight (if required in field); 2) clean leaves from twigs; 3) oven dry; 4) weigh and record dry weight; 5) enter data into computer; 6) and data analysis. ~~ore 1 aboratory time wi 11 be required if the number of bags of samples generated from clipped individuals exceeds those generated by clipped plots. This would occur if the number of clipped individuals of all species required at a site exceeded the number of required clipped plots. This would probably be the case if individuals \'/ere clipped by height category. Dry weights of twigs clipped fror.1 individual sterns were often very small (e.g. below 0.05 g). Variability can be excessive when fluctuations in weight of twigs in height categories range fror1 - - - -' - Browse Pi 1 ot Study 43 very small values to relatively larger values. It is also difficult to clip to this fine accuracy and overestimations can be r.ade if values are rounded up. Density data files must also be merged with individual stem weight data files to multiply the 2 estimates together. This merging is an extra step not required for the clipped plot data. Extra analysis costs should be expected with the density-weight per individual data sets. The files will be larger, take more time to organize, require more manipulations to produce the desired result, and there are still unresolved questions about combining the variances. He have probably spent at least 5 times longer on these data sets, excluding the plot size and double-sampling analysis, than on the clipped plot nata. 5.2 -Clipped Plots Only the 1-m 2 clipped plot was tested for this pilot study. Steigers et al. (1983) used a 0.5-m 2 rectangular plot for clipping current annual growth of forbs, graminoids, and shrubs. Although the 0.5-m 2 plot required less time to clip, the l-J11 2 plot may be hetter where only shrubs are of interest. The larger size plot is more important where branching is open and diffuse, and where many of the shrubs of interest are relatively rare in many areas. The pattern of clumping should be investigated before the size of clipped plots is decided. Plot size and shape may be worth some further consideration. Circular plots were chosen because we could use a rope on a stake to delimit the area. This minimized field equipr.ent that we needed to transport in the helicopter. The rope was frequently pulled hard enough against a sometimes wobbly stake to expand the area slightly. Also the observer had to hold the rope to find the boundary, then clip, then hold Browse Pilot Study 44 the rope again. Sometimes the rope was even clipped. The rope could also be raised and lowered which affected the radius. Circular plots minimize boundary decisions because a circle provides the srr~allest peri meter :a rea ratio. Circles, however, tend to encompass less variability than long, narrow plots under many vegetation patterns, although this is not ah1ays true. The size may also affect this. Rectangular or square plots could be delimited using folding frames, as opposed to fixed frames used by Steigers et al. (1983), but these would introduce errors comparable to pulling on the stake. These shapes increase the boundary decisions but more variability is frequently encountered in one long, narrow plot than one circular plot of the same area. This \'Jould reduce the between-plot or v.Jithin-site variance. Depending on the scale and type of pattern, a different size plot from 1-m 2 may be beneficial. If the scale of clumping is !'1uch larger than 1 m2 , O.S-m 2 plots may not have a much larger variance, but the clipping time would be reduced. A plot sufficiently large to reduce the variance greatly may require an unreasonable time to clip, so no benefits would be gained. Changing the size or shape of the plot may be a consideration, but vte know of no studies in the boreal forest regions that have evaluated this. Average time to clip 1-m 2 plots would be substantially reduced if Betula glandulosa was excluded from the species of interest and if only bligs vvere clipped. Leaves would probably still need to be separated from tv1igs clipped for some species (e.g. Salix pulchra) because the twigs are small and frail and the leaves are tightly attached. This separation 1vill be necessary either in the field or lahoratory regardless of whether plot or individual stems are clipped. Two persons - - - - - - Browse Pilot Study 45 2 would work more efficiently at clipping 1-m plots than would only one person, if the vegetation were dense. Generally, one person woulr! probably be more efficient in a 1-m 2 plot in these vegetation types to reduce interference between people. Estimates of average \'Ieight per area and associated variances for clipped plots are based on sample sizes ranging from 3 to 10 rlots per site. Eleven of the 16 sites sampled had less than 10 clipped nlots, one site was not sampled. Hence, less information is present in these results than in the density-\~eight per individual results. Larger sample sizes for all measures \vould give a better basis for comparing the r.1e thod s . A number of proble1':1.S also exist for the clipped plots. Plots ~:~ere not clipped by height category in this pilot study. Clipping by height category may increase total clipping tirne by up to 2 times. Part of this would be due to the time required to establish the height categories in the plot as well as the increased number of ha'::ls to he labelled. Similar to the density and weight per individual, addinq height categories will also probably increase the estimated sample size. However, with the time saved by not clipping Betula olandulosa or leaves, the time increase required to clip by height categories may be more than offset. Fewer bags may be required to be dried and weighed if the nurher of clipped plots to adequately sample a site is less than the nunrer of individual stems for all species required to adequately sanrle weight per individual. One of the most important advantages of clipped plots is that weight by species per plot is converted to weight per larger area sif11[Jly by multiplying by a constant. This also holds true for weie1ht rer area Browse Pilot Study 46 by height category if plots are clipped by height cateogry. Data files are smaller and conversions to biomass per area are very straight forward using data collected from clipped plots. Data file manipulation and analysis to achieve the desired result is minimal. relatively easy to calculate. Variances are 6 -RECOt·1MENDATIONS Clipped plots are recommended for use in the main browse inventory based on results of this browse pilot study, our experience in the analysis of these data, our past experience in sampling vegetation in the area, and accepted inventory techniques. ~le cannot recommend a plot size since no comparisons were made. If the density x weight per individual method were selected, as might be if there were existing density information or if density were needed for some other purpose, then we recommend the following: 1) Use 4-m 2 circular plots spaced systematic-randomly at least 10 2) m apart for counting stems. Longer distances between plots would maximize within-site variability and minimize between-site variability. A viable method to relate stems counted in density plots to clipped individuals, but having independent samples short of clipping all individuals (or a random sample thereof) in the density plot, could not be detennined. No double-sampling technique we tested held good predictive ability, especially when height category was cons ide red. Clip twigs of systematic-randomly chosen individual stems of each species by height category. A large enough sample should be taken to ensure the range of stem sizes has been sampled. - - ..... - - - - Browse Pilot Study 47 Since a large scale browse inventory is being contemplated for the middle Susitna River Basin, and because this pilot browse study had such low sample size, we examined what techniques were being used in large-scale inventories in the state; in particular the Cooperative River Basin study conducted by the USFS (United States Forest Service) and SCS (Soil Conservation Service). This study was conducted in the Susitna River basin, and is currently being carried out in the Tanana, and will be perfonned in other major river drainages. The original techniques used in the Susitna portion were based on past experience and an expectation of how much could be accomplished in a day. Techniques are being improved as more experience is acquired and better determinations of time and estimated sample size are determined. Although the data have not been published, some are in draft publication form and the data are available to the Susitna Hydroelectric Project based on a Cooperative Agreement written in 1980. All current growth and browse measurements obtained in the Cooperative River Basin Study were procured in plots. Low vegetation below 4.5 ft (1.5 m) was sampled using 2 ft x 2 ft (0.6 x 0.6 m = 0.37 m2 ) plots to estimate and clip the current year•s growth (twigs plus leaves) for range production. Tall brush information was recorded in 10 ft x 10 ft {3 x 3 m = 9.3 m2 ) plots and included productivity and browse (at 5 mm diameter) information. The 5-mm diameter was the assumed diameter-at-point-of-browsing. They used ocular estimates to estimate a weight of some unit {e.g. a branch) in the 100-ft2 plot, count the number of units, then clip and weigh the one unit to obtain an adjustment factor. They were able to use 1 a rge plots because they did not clip the entire plot. Most other environmental assessment sampling procedures with which Browse Pilot Study 48 we are familiar use plots rather than weight per individual times density. vJe presume this is for simplicity and reliability of data. Height per area by clipped plots has only the one source of variation whi 1 e the product of 2 random va ri ab 1 es has 2 sources of variation. This is just considering sampling error, and not the very real errors associated with actual measurements. Si nee the Cooperative River Basin study included productivity and browse data collected from approximately 80 randomly located sites, we think these variances should also be examined for allocation of sites to vegetation types. One Susitna Plant Ecology team member assisted in the collection of these data in 1980 as part of a cooperative agreement with the Alaska Power Authority. We believe as much existing information as possible should be used in planning for the full-scale inventory. - - - - -' !""" ! Browse Pilot Study 49 7 -LITERATURE CITED Barrett, J. P., and W. A. Guthrie. 1969. Optimum plot sampling in estimating browse. J. Wildl. Manage. 33:399-403. Baskerville, G. L. 1972. Use of the logarithmic equation in the estimation of plant biomass. Canadian J. For. Res. 2:49-53. Bentley, J. R., D. W. Seegrist, and D. A~ Blackman. 1970. A technique for sampling low shrub vegetation by crown volume classes. USDA For. Serv. Res. Note PSW-215. Pacific Southwest For. and Range Exp. Sta. Bobek, B., and R. Bergstrom. 1978. A rapid method of browse biomass estimation in a forest habitat. J. Range Manage. 31:456-458. , and R. Dzieciolowski. 1972. Methods of browse estimation in -- different types of forests. Acta Theriologica. 17:171-186. Chew, R. M., and A. E. Chew. 1965. The primary productivity of a desert shrub (Larrea tridentata) community. Ecol. ~1onogr. 35:355-375. Draper, N., and H. Smith. 1966. Applied regression analysis. John Wiley and Sons, New York. 407 pp. Hull, C. H., and N. H. Nie. 1981. SPSS update 7-9. McGraw-Hill, New York. 402 pp. Ludwig, J. A., J. F. Reynolds, and P. D. Whitson. 1975. Size-biomass relationships of several Chihuahuan Desert shrubs. Am. t1idland Natur. 94:451-461. McKendrick, J., W. Collins, D. Helm, J. McMullen, and J. Koranda. 1982. Plant ecology studies phase I final report. Alaska Power Authority, Susitna Hydroelectric Project. 124 pp. Browse Pilot Study 50 Mendenhall, W., L. Ott, and R. L. Scheaffer. 1971. Elementary survey sampling. Duxbury Press, Belmont, California. 247 pp. Ohmann, L. F., D. F. Grigal, and R. B. Brander. 1976. Biomass estimation for five shrubs from northeastern Minnesota. USDA For. Ser. Res. Paper NC-133. 11 pp. Oldemeyer, J. L., and W. L. Regelin. 1980. Comparisons of 9 methods for estimating density of shrubs and saplings in Alaska. J. Wildl. Manage. 44:662-666. Parker, G. R., and L. D. Morton. 1978. The estimation of winter forage -I - and its use by moose on clearcuts in northcentral New Foundland. ~ J. Range f4anage. 3:300-304. Peek, J. M. 1970. Relation of canopy area and volume to production of three woody species. Ecol. 51:1098-1101. Shafer, E. L. 1963. The twig-count method for measuring hardwood deer browse. J. Wildl. Manage. 27!428-437. Steigers, W. D., Jr., D. Helm, J. G. MacCracken, J.D. McKendrick, and P. V. Mayer. 1983. 1982 plant ecology studies final report. Alaska Power Authority, Susitna Hydroelectric Project. 288 pp. Telfer, E. S. 1969. Twig weight-diameter relationships for browse species. J. Wildl. Manage. 33:917-921. Uresk, D. W., R. 0. Gil bert, and W. H. Rickard. 1977. Sampling big sagebrush for phytomass. J. Range Manage. 30:311-314. Viereck, L. A., and C. T. Dyrness. 1980. A preliminary classification for vegetation of Alaska. Pacific Northwest For. and Range Exp. Sta., Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-106. 38 pp. Viereck, L. A., C. T. Dyrness, and A. R. Batten. 1982. 1982 revision of primary classification for vegetation of Alaska. Unpublished preliminary manuscript. May. - - - - ~ ! - - - .~ - - Browse Pilot Study 51 ~Jhisenant, S. G., and D. F. Burzloff. 1978. Predicting green weight of mesquite (Prosopis glandulosa Ton.). J. Range Manage. 31:396-397. 1""" i ' r r 1 L r l -I 1 """' I i -! ' r TABLES -' -I - Browse Pilot Study 52 TABLE 1. Level IV classification of 17 sites (3-19) sampled for the Browse Pilot study during August 1983 in the middle Susitna River Basin. l l ....... 1 1 co -s 0 ::e: (/) CD \J -'· --' 0 rt Average density of stems per 10 m2 tor shrubs in level IV vegetation types in the middle Susitna River Basin, I./) TABLE 2. Stem density was rt t: 2 2 .2 Stem density from 4-m 2 plots sampled during 1982 (from Steigers et al. a. calculated for 1-m I 4-m I and 10-m plot sizes in 1983. ~ 1983) were included for comparison. Level IV Vegetation Type a 1982 1982 1982 1982 WB-WS ___!§___ WBS MS-B OS-B TW DB-U DB-W LW LW Species 1 4 10 4 1 4 10 1 4 10 4 1 4 10 1 4 10 4 1 4 10 4 Betula glandulosa 70 65 61 28 93 98 75 1 4 2 68 56 53 38 Betu 1 a papyrifera 1 1 1 2 1 1 Salix pulchra 1 7 3 2 16 11 17 1 1 21 12 8 27 26 20 5 Hl6 116 94 53 Sa 1 i x glauca 6 3 2 1 1 2 2 3 Salix lanata 10 2 1 15 11 7 Salix a laxens is 49 40 30 4 6 Alnus sinuata 1 <.1 <1 3 7 11 Total stems 77 74 66 32 109 118 94 1 6 5 0 73 60 51 112 96 83 43 190 123 94 53 U1 w a WB-WS = Woodland Black-White Spruce; WS = Woodland Spruce; WBS = Woodland Black Spruce; MS-B = Open Mixed Spruce-Paper Birch; OS-B = Open Spruce-Paper Birch; TW = Open Tall Willow; DB-W = Open Low Dwarf Birch-Willow; LW = Open Low Willow. TABLE 3. ; Within-sHe variance of stem density estimates in 1-m2 • 4-m 2 , and 10-m 2 plot sizes for shrubs in level IV vegetation types middle Susitna River Basin. level IV Vegetation Type a WB-WS WBS HS-B TW OB-W Species 1 4 10 1 4 10 1 4 10 1 4 10 1 4 10 Betula glandulosa 3834 1209 1671 5966 3476 1787 5 80 48 4835 1475 801 Betula paPYri fera 1 1 1 6 21 2 4 ~ pulchra 20 172 52 1178 476 1275 15 2 476 114 69 1686 1108 218 30712 Salix glauca 425 17 15 6 93 45 68 Salix lanata 352 26 8 1410 484 138 Sa 1 ix alaxens1s 3915 749 496 208 Alnus sinuata 5 18 35 110 253 Total stems 3514 1865 1816 6987 4001 2114 5 92 73 4104 1113 339 7850 2300 1051 30655 in the lW 4 10 8653 2104 180 8324 2104 a WB-WS = Woodland Black-White Spruce;, WBS = Woodland Black Spruce; ~1S-B = Open ~tixed Spruce-Paper Birch; TW = Open Tall Willow; OB-W = Open low Dwarf 13irch-Willow; a/ = Open Low Willow. OJ -s 0 ~ 1/) ro -u -'· 0 c+ U) rt ~ 0... '< Ul .p:. 1 TABLE 4. Average time (seconds) to count stems in 1-m 2, 4-m 2, and 10-m 2 plot sizes for 6 level IV vegetation types in the middle Susitna River Basin. Values for individual species do not include time to move between plots and no values include time to locate and establish the transects. Level IV Vegetation Type a WB-WS WBS MS-8 TW OB-W LW Species 1 4 10 1 4 10 1 4 10 1 4 10 1 4 10 1 4 Betula glandulosa 17 48 64 24 54 69 6 16 10 21 52 67 Betula papyrifera 1 1 1 7 5 16 2 Salix pulchra 5 16 20 6 13 25 3 4 9 19 22 14 34 44 91 102 Salix glauca 2 5 11 12 4 8 17 Sa 1 i x 1 ana ta 9 5 4 8 10 13 Salix alaxensis 30 65 67 5 10 Alnus sinuata 2 10 5 21 35 Move time 100 102 80 66 77 94 78 73 101 124 127 127 176 148 158 174 260 Total time including move 128 177 250 99 158 197 90 96 137 176 255 313 227 257 303 280 401 1 a WB-WS = Woodland Black-White Spruce; WBS = Woodland Black Spruce; ~lS-B = Open Mixed Spruce-Paper Birch; TW = Open Ta 11 Wi 11 ow; IJB-W = Open Low Dwarf Birch-Willow; UJ = Open Low ~Jlllow. 10 131 251 420 OJ -s 0 ~ Ul m ....... ___. 0 rl- (/) ri-c 0.. "< Ul Ul 0 rl Vl rl c TABLE 5. Average time (minutes) to count stems for an estimated adequate number of plots at each site in 1-m 2 , 4-m 2, and 10-m 2 plot sizes for ~ 6 level IV vegetation types in the middle Susitna River Basin. Values for individual species do not include time to move between plots and no values include time to locate and establish the transects. level IV Vegetation Type a WB-WS WBS ~IS-B TW DB-~1 lW Species 1 4 10 1 4 10 1 4 10 1 4 10 1 4 10 1 4 Betula glandulosa 5 6 11 3 4 5 41 23 44 3 4 3 Betula Qaj!~ri fera 7 7 7 10 16 45 14 Salix j!U 1 chra 34 22 42 5 9 19 21 16 4 6 9 4 7 4 56 46 Salix glauca 10 4 11 58 8 7 14 Sa 1 i x 1 ana ta 6' 5 27 6 5 4 Salix alaxensis 17 11 14 41 30 Alnus sinuata 14 46 10 18 26 Total all species incl. move time 29 24 40 12 11 11 617 86 155 50 32 21 20 12 11 163 154 a WB-WS = Hoodland Black-White Spruce; WBS = l~oodland Black Spruce; ~IS-B = Open Mixed Spruce-Paper Birch; TI-1 =Open Tall Willow; DB-W = Open Low Dwarf Birch-Willow; l~1 = Open low Willow. 10 22 70 U1 (J) Browse Pilot Study 57 1""" TABLE 6. Summary of average time in minutes required to sample the density of shrub stems for an estimated adequate number of plots at each site. Means are by species across all sites for each non-zero plot size. - - Browse Pilot Study 58 TABLE 7. Summary of results of analysis of variance for the time required to sample the density of shrub stems for an estimated adequate number of plots. Sites were nested within vegetation types and plot sizes were crossed with sites and vegetation types. Significance of F Vegetation Plot Species # Sites # Cases Type Size Interaction Betula glandulosa 13 39 0.01* 0.78 0.26 Betula ~a~~rifera 6 18 0.89 0.22 0.92 Salix pulchra 16 48 0.36 0.01* 0.07 Salix glauca 8 24 0.28 0.03* 0.02* Sa 1 i x 1 ana ta 5 18 0.29 0.85 0.69 Salix alaxensis 3 9 0.36 0.08 0.05* Alnus sinuata 3 9 0.48 0.02* 0.04* Total time 17 51 0.001* 0.51 1.0 * a 1 pha < 0. 05 - J'!l!l!l ., - ')11!1'1 I *"~!. I I .'J ~ ~. "!!ll" i -Ji J J TABLE 8. Comparison of vegetation types between the pilot study and McKendrick et al. (1982). Percentages of total mapped area in the Watana and Devil Canyon impoundments and construction zones from McKendrick et al. (1982; 102, 106) are also given. Pilot Vegetation Type 1982 Vegetation Type Area (ha) % of tota 1 area Woodland Black-White Spruce Woodland Spruce-White 1,633 7.22 Woodland Black Spruce Woodland Spruce-Black 2,743 12.13 Open t·1ixed Spruce-Paper Birch Mixed Open Conifer-Deciduous 732 3.24 Open Tall Willow lla o.osa Open Low Dwarf Birch-Willow Mixed Low Shrub 1,391 6.15 Open Low ~Hllow Wi 11 ow Shrub 289b 1.28b TOTAL AREA 22,609 100.00 a Estimated percentage derived from the Open Low ~allow vegetation type b Reduced by 0.05% which was assigned to the Open Tall Willow vegetation type. 1 co -s 0 ~ Vl CD -u ..... ........ ,] TABLE 9. Average elapsed time/plot including move time in seconds, and number of 4-m 2 plots/site, minutes/site, and sites/level IV vegetation type required to sample total stem density within 20% of the mean with 67% confidence. Estimates are for selected shrub species in 9 level IV vegetation types in the middle Susitna River Basin. Betula glandulosa has been excluded. Includes data modified from Steigers et al. {1983). Level IV Vegetation Type Open White Sprucea Open Black Spruce a Woodland Black-White Spruce Woodland Black Spruce Open Mixed Spruce-Paper Birch Open Tall Willow Open Low Dwarf Bi rcha Open Low Dwarf Bi rch-~lill ow Open Low ~Ji 11 ow "<.:-~ .. J ._:_,_·, _, J ·-~~ .. :1 J # Sites Sampled 7 10 2 4 2 2 18 6 1 ;,J ' Time/Plot {Seconds) 120b nob 129 104 81 242 158c 205 398 ·~·· J ~t"< .. J Plots/ Site 5 5 31 15 94 5 15 5 8 .z, • .J Minutes/ Site 10 9 67 26 127 20 40 17 53 ...... J Sites/Vegetation Type 193 366 237 223 240 9 1,544 76 d . l ··"··· •• \J ..... ........ 0 rt V') rt c a.. '< ;.-.1 ... l < • ] l (Table 9 continued.) a Data modified from Steigers et al. (1983). b Estimated time based on similarity of species composition and density to the pilot study woodland black spruce vegetation type. c Estimated time based on similarity of species composition and density to the pilot study open low dwarf birch-willow vegetation type. d Only 1 site sampled. OJ -s 0 :=:: VI .ro ..... _. 0 ·n- (/) M-e 0. '< 1 TABLE 10. Comparison of vegetation types between the 1983 pilot study and 1982 browse inventory (Steigers et al. 1983), and McKendrick et al. (1982). Percentages of total mapped area in the Watana and Devil Canyon impoundments and construction zones from McKendrick et al. (1982; 102, 106) are also given. Level IV Vegetation Type 1982 Vegetation Type Area (ha) % of total area Woodland Black-White Spruce Woodland Spruce-White 1,633 7.22 Woodland Black Spruce Woodland Spruce-Black 2,743 12.13 Open ~~hite Spruce Open Spruce-White 5,166 22.85 Open Black Spruce Open Spruce-Black 2,615 11.57 Open Mixed Spruce-Paper Birch Mixed Open Conifer-Deciduous 732 3.24 Open Tall Willow lla 0.05a Open Low Dwarf Birch Birch Shrub 3,673 16.25 Open Low Dwarf Birch-Willow ~1i xed Low Shrub L391 6.15 Open Low Willow Willow Shrub 289b 1.28b TOTAL AREA 22,609 100.00 a Estimated percentage derived from the Open Low Willow vegetation type b Reduced by 0.05% which was assigned to the Open Tall Willm-1 vegetation type. ~'~] ~ ~~ J _) ~ J J"} J -~"] Co,,,,,_) '-"·'>~ "J ,,,,,. ~' ,,) OJ -s 0 =e: VI (J) -o ...... _..... 0 r+ Vl r+ 1:: 0.. '< 0"1 N ) - .,.... i - Browse Pilot Study TABLE 11. 2 Percentage of cost to sample density in 4-m plots, and allocation of 680 maximum sites among 8 level IV vegetation types. Betula glandulosa has been excluded. Level IV Vegetation Type % of Co.st Allocation Open White Spruce 39 264 Open Black Spruce 23 155 Woodland Black-White Spruce 3 20 Woodland Black Spruce 14 94 Open Mixed Spruce-Paper Birch 0.15 2a Open Tall Wi~low 0.04 2a Open Low Dwarf B i rch 11 75 Open Low Dwarf Birch-Willow 10 68 a t4inimum of 2 sites required • 63 Browse Pilot Study 64 TABLE 12. Summary of plots of dry weight versus ocular estimate by -observer for each species. Betula glandulosa 11!1!!11 AQQroximate ~ Observer N Carr. Res. r.1s Std. Dev. SloQe Inter. Curvature Low High 1 40 0.78 25.35 3.46 1.81 1.24 None 1 32 ·"""1 2 33 0.94 1.13 3.17 0.44 0.29 None 1 29 3 43 0.90 1.80 3.09 0.37 0.50 None 1 28 ~ 4 27 0.96 1.72 4.43 0.35 0.65 None 1 57 -"! Salix pulchra """'! ApEroximate Observer N Carr. Res. ~1S Std. Dev. Slope Inter. Curvature Low High -l ,;;::- 1 40 0.79 7.40 4.34 0.40 1 • 10 None 1 30 2 25 0.95 0.94 3.16 0.54 0.29 None 1.5 24.5 3 45 0.83 8.71 5.27 0.41 0.70 None 1 48 4 26 0.89 12.17 7.45 0.84 -2.83 Quad a 2 33 Salix glauca AQ~roximate ~ Observer N Carr. Res. MS Std. Dev. Slope Inter. Curvature Low High 1 27 0.90 8.88 6.74 0.38 +0.20 None 2 65 2 15 0.94 7.22 7.50 0.68 -0.79 None 2 42 3 20 0.93 4.73 5.95 0.39 +0.83 None 2 49 4 15 0.97 1.98 6.04 0.38 -0.02 None 2 56 , .~ Browse Pilot Study 65 /"""- (Table 12 continued.) ,... ... Salix lanata .~ AQQroximate t~ Observer N Carr. Res. MS Std. Oev. Slope Inter. Curvature Low High 1 5 0.95 30.58 14.79 0.63 -5.30 Slight quad 8 62 ?-2 15 0.93 3.35 4.73 0.56 +0.43 None 1 31 3 14 0.94 5.10 3.47 0.51 -0.13 None 1 21 -4 5 0.98 3.27 7.80 0.55 -3.41 None 12 42 - Betula papxrifera Approximate Observer N Carr. Res. MS Std. Dev. Slope Inter. Curvature Low High -I 1 8 0.97 9.73 12.10 0.55 +2.37 None 4 68 2 5 0.999 1.91 22.51 0.24 +1. 79 None 1 230 i""" 3 5 0.98 25.33 20.96 0.97 -2.32 None 3 49 -4 9 0.98 4.92 10.00 0.41 +0.72 None 3 78 Alnus sinuata Approximate Observer N Corr. Res. MS Std. Oev. Slope Inter. Curvature Low High -1 2 1.00 0.00 5.66 0.76 -0.80 None 2.5 13 2 3 10 0.97 7.14 11.07 0.91 -5.05 None 8 44 4 2 1.00 0.00 10.82 0.56 1.78 None 15 42 ~ a The largest estimated value was about 33 and appeared to be an outlier. If this were eliminated, the largest value would be about 23, there would be no curvature, correlation would probably be higher, and slope would be smaller. - - <1111!, 111'!1!1 I Browse Pilot Study TABLE 13 . Summary of plots of dry weight versus untransfonned shrub .,.... dimensions and ocular estimates by species for 4 major species. - Betula glandulosa n=124 Std. Dev. = 3.26 --: ... _-·.·. -¥xe.~:t6xifuate i""' Variable Corr. Res. ~1S SloQe Inter. Curvature Low· High Basal diameter(mm) 0.80 3.89 0.09 -3.22 quad 30 160 Height( em) 0.73 5.02 0.12 -2.70 none 18 135 ~. Depth( em) 0.68 5.69 0.15 -2.01 none 13 104 - ~Jidth(cm) 0.70 5.49 0.14 -1.02 quad 6.5 104 f'"" Rig h t a ng 1 e ( em ) 0.75 4.73 0.24 -.91 quad 2 56 Ocular estimate(g) 0.91 1.82 0.39 +.54 none 1 58 """' i Salix pulchra n=136 Std. Dev. = 5.19 ~ AQQroximate ,...._ Variable Carr. Res. MS Slo[!e Inter. Curvature Low High Basal diameter(mm) 0.70 13.72 0.07 -2.19 quad 16 224 Height( em) 0.59 17.65 0.16 -2.88 none 13 105 Depth( em) 0.64 16.04 0.27 -2.25 slight quad 5 58 -Width( em) 0.56 18.54 0.17 +0.32 slight quad 5 135 (55)a ~~ Right angle(cm) 0.68 14.50 0.40 -2.24 quad 3.4 49 Ocular estimate(g) 0.81 9.14 0.48 +0.29 none 1 49 ~ Browse Pilot Study 68 (Table 13 continued.) ~· Salix glauca n=65 Std. Dev. = 3.26 """""' A~[:!roxima te Variable Corr. Res. ~1S SloQe Inter. Curvature Low High Basal diameter(mm) 0.85 11.26 0.11 -4.54 none 25 225 Height( em} 0.77 16.27 0.20 -5.89 slight quad 26 131 Depth( em) 0.73 18.30 0.26 -2.09 slight quad 6 89 Width( em) 0.79 15.01 0.40 -5.45 quad 8 60 Right angle(cm) 0.71 19.61 0.36 -1.18 none 5 70 (50) ~ ';~ Ocular estimate(g) 0.89 8.39 0.38 +0.84 none 2 65 Sa 1 i x 1 ana ta n=39 Std. Dev. = 7.24 AQ[:!roximate Variable Carr. Res. MS Slo[:!e Inter. Curvature Low High Basal diameter(rnm) 0.69 28.38 0.09 -5.00 slight quad 53 265 Height( em) 0.83 16.67 0.28 -9.91 quad 20 116 Depth( em) 0.87 13.43 0.40 -5.84 none 10 86 """" Width( em) 0.64 32.12 0.29 -2.50 none 7 77 Right angle( em) 0.72 25.69 0.53 -3.87 quad 4 42 - Ocular estimate(g) 0.94 6.73 0.51 -0.20 none 1 65 ~ a A 11 values except one were 1 ess than 55. ..., ,,,,, ,: - Browse Pilot Study 69 TABLE 14. Stepwise regression summaries by species for total dry weight {leaves plus twigs) and dry twig weight versus all shrub measurements including transformations and volumes. Browse Pilot Study 70 - (Table 14 continued.) - Dry twigs 10I'!!t Standard error SteQ r2 of estimate Variables Added ,.. 0 1.05 0.37 0.84 estimated weight ~ 1 2 0.40 .82 depth _, Salix glauca N=74 Drl wei9ht ~ Standard error SteQ / of estimate Variables Added 11!0\ 0 G:so !!"'! i 1 0.80 i 2.96 estimated weight 2 0.89 2.23 basal diameter 2 - 3 0.90 2.07 vol 1.=depth x width x right angle Drl twigs Ml!<j Standard error 2 -Step r of estimate Variables Added 0 2.13 - 1 0.64 1.29 estimated weight 2 0.73 1.11 basal diameter 2 """ I depth 2 ,\ 3 0.78 1.03 height2 -4 0.82 0.93 ~ 5 0.84 0.87 width ~ - Browse Pilot Study (Table 14 continued.) Salix lanata N=38 Dry weight Step 0 1 2 3 0.87 0.94 0.95 Standard error of estimate 7.27 2.63 1.87 1.73 Va ri ab l es Added estimated weight vol. 1=depth x width x right angle depth 2 ,-Dry twigs - .- Step 0 1 2 3 Dry weight Step 0 1 2 3 4 5 0.82 0.89 0.90 0.82 0.89 0.92 0.95 0.96 Standard error of estimate 2.28 0.97 0.79 0. 74 Va ri ab l es Added estimated weight depth 2 basal diameter 2 Betula papyrifera N=25 Standard error of estimate 15.41 6.69 5.40 4.66 3.66 3.42 Variables Added height 2 estimated ~veight observer 1 vol. 4=basal diameter 2 71 Browse Pilot Study 72 (Table 14 continued.) - - Browse Pilot Study 73 (Table 14 continued.) Salix alaxensis N=35 !"""' Drx weight S ta nda rd error Ste~ 2 of estimate Variables Added r -0 25.42 1 0.83 10.50 estimated weight ~ 2 0.89 8.57 vol. 2= height x width x right angle 3 0.91 8.17 width Drx twigs !""' Standard error SteQ r2 of estimate Variables Added !"""" 0 11.51 1 0. 74 5 .• 96 vol. 2 -2 0.85 4.67 width 2 -3 0.87 4.32 estimated weight 4 0.90 3.97 vol 1= depth x width I right angle X fi""'. Browse Pilot Study 74 TABLE 15. Times to obtain measurements including clipping on each individual of a species and the approximate optimum ratio of estimated individuals to clipped individuals based on ocular estimate as the only measurement. All observers were combined. Field Times {seconds/individual) Ocular Approximate Species Est. Clip Diam. Crown{4)a ~1ove n/n'=est./clip Betula glandulosa 34 170 12 29 69 3/2 Salix pulchra 37 224 9 28 65 3/2 Sa 1 i x g 1 au ca 27 132 7 26 40 5/2 Salix lanata 22 88 12 29 77 5/2 Salix alaxensis 31 245 14 27 319 7/1 Alnus sinuata 29 170 11 40 51 13/2 Betula papi:ri fera 50 351 10 48 97 2/1 a Crown measurements included height of plant, depth of crown, width, and right angle. ~ ' ~ '\ ~ - J8!! , ~ - - .- I""" !"""' - - - ,- !""- I""" ,.... I"'"" r IF" ' Browse Pilot Study Table 16. Stepwise regression summaries by species for log (dry weight) and log (dry twig weight) versus all shrub measurements, untransformed or logarithmic transforms only. Betula glandulosa N=68 Log {dry) Standard error Step r2 of estimate Va ri ab 1 es Added 0 .318 1 0.73 .166 log (est.) 2 0.79 .147 1 og (basal diam) 3 0.81 .140 log (width) 1 og twigs Standard error SteQ 2 of estimate Variables Added r 0 .332 1 0.11 .316 depth Salix pulchra n=31 log (dry) Standard error Step r2 of estimate Variables Added 0 • 260 1 0.60 .168 1 og (est.) (rest of printout not available) 1 og (twig) Standard error Step r2 of estimate Variables Added 0 .325 1 0.20 .296 log (basal diameter) 75 Browse Pilot Study 76 (Table 16 continued.) -r Sa 1 i x g 1 au ca n=57 ~ Log (dry) Standard error !!!'!!\ SteQ r2 of estimate Va ri ab l es Added !1!1'0! 0 .355 1 0.82 .151 log (est.) -2 0.85 .139 log (right angle) 3 0.87 .132 basal diameter - 4 0.88 .128 1 og (height) 1 og (twig) ~ Standard error r2 ~ SteE of estimate Va ri ab 1 es Added 0 .432 1 0.69 .241 log (est.) 2 0.75 .221 basal diameter - 3 0.76 .210 depth -4 0.81 .196 log (height) Salix lanata n=27 - 1 og (dry) Standard error """'! SteQ r2 of estimate Va ri ab 1 es Added ~ 0 .317 1 0.72 .172 log (est.) ~ ' 2 0.85 .126 1 og (width) 3 0.89 .114 log (right angle) -. 6 0.93 .092 a 11 vars.=right angle, est. 1og ~ - - ir r- 1 Browse Pilot Study (Table 16 continued.) 1 og (twig) Step 0 1 2 2 r 0.64 0.72 Standard error of estimate .419 . 256 .230 Salix alaxensis n=35 1 og (twig) Step 0 1 2 3 1 og (twig) Step 0 1 2 0.79 0.85 0.87 0.78 0.83 Betula papyrifera 1 og (dry) Step 0 1 2 0.77 0.85 Standard error of estimate .475 .222 .192 .180 Standard error of estimate n=22 .578 .275 .248 Standard error of estimate .453 .192 .158 Va ri ab 1 es Added log (est.) . log (depth) Va ri ab 1 es Added log (right angle) est. log (depth) Va ri ab 1 es Added log (depth) log (right angle) Va ri ab 1 es Added log (est.) log (basal diameter) 77 Browse Pilot Study 78 (Table 16 continued.) log (twig) Standard error SteE / of estimate Variables Added 0 .453 1 0.56 .309 log (basal diameter) Alnus sinuata n=20 log (dry) ~ Standard error Step 2 of estimate Va ri ab 1 es Added r - 0 .470 1 0.81 .210 log (depth) 2 0.87 .177 1 og (width) 1 og (twig) Standard error -r2 I SteR of estimate Variables Added 0 .462 II!"') 1 0.51 .333 log (basal diameter) - - l 1 Table 17. Comparison of slopes of regression estimates by observer and across all observers for each species. Results were obtained using analysis of covariance with log (dry twig weight) as the dependent variable. Observer 1 2 3 4 All Species N Slope N Slope N Slope N Slope N Slope Prob. Betula glandul osa ' .. 18 -.0039 13 .0367 21 -.0044 16 . 0159 68 0.0108 .003 Salix pulchra 25 .0139 11 .0300 22 .0165 15 .0344 73 0.0197 .327 Sa 1 i x g 1 au ca 21 .0262 11 .0388 13 .0183 12 .0202 57 0.0243 .120 Sa 1 i x 1 ana ta 5 .0267 9 .0283 8 .0510 5 .0309 27 0.0295 .559 Salix alaxensis 8 .0107 5 .0067 14 .0032 8 .0089 35 0.0072 .013 Betula pap~ri fera 7 .0122 4 .0028 4 .0315 7 .0085 22 0.0053 .020 Alnus sinuata 1 a 7 a 10 a 2 a 20 0.0025 a a Slopes could not be calculated for all four observers because observer 1 had only one observation. The analysis could be rerun with only three observers. & ] Browse Pilot Study Table 18. Results of analysis of covariance with log (dry twig weight) as dependent variable, observer as the groups, and ocular estimate as the covariate. Equality of Adj. Means Zero Slope Equality of Slope Species df Prob. df Prob. df Prob. Betula glandulosa 3,63 0.825 1,63 0.008 3,60 0.003 Salix pulchra 3,68 0.980 1,68 0.000 3,65 0.327 Salix glauca 3,52 0.219 1,52 0.000 3,49 0.120 Sa 1 i x 1 ana ta 3,22 0.115 1,22 0.000 3,19 0.559 Salix alaxensis 3,30 0.099 1,30 0.000 3,27 0.013 Betula paplrifera 3,17 0.668 1,17 0.023 3,14 0.020 A 1 nus s i nua ta 3,15 0.890 1,15 0.091 a a a Equality of slopes could not be tested for all four observers because one observer had only one observation. The analysis could be rerun with only three observers. 80 - - - '""''· ~ - - - - !""" ,_ !""' I""" Browse Pilot Study Table 19. Results of analysis of covariance with time to estimate an individual as the dependent variable, observer as the groups, and ocular estimate as the covariate. Equality of Adj. Means Zero Slope Equality of Slope Species df Prob. df Prob. df Prob. Betula g1andu1osa 3,63 0.903 1,63 0.627 3,60 0.842 Salix eulchra 3,68 0.426 1,68 0.016 3,65 0.995 Salix glauca 3,52 0.012 1,52 0.453 3,49 0.970 Sa 1 i x 1 ana ta 3,22 0.036 1,22 0.061 3,19 0.310 Salix alaxensis 3,30 0.316 1,30 0.006 3,27 0.331 Betula eapyrifera 3,17 0.013 1,17 0.002 3,14 0.166 Alnus sinuata 3,15 0.927 1,15 0.024 a a a Equality of slopes could not be tested for all four observers because one observer had only one observation. The analysis could be rerun with only three observers. " 81 Table 20. Summaries of dry weights per individual, densities, and dry weight/area based on weight x density and clipped plots for the woodland black-white spruce vegetation type. Species Salix pulchra Salix glauca Betula papyrifera ] J J ~-- Dry Wt/Ind. Dry twig/lnd. (g/Stem) 5.3 2.6 10.9 ] •c~ (g/Stem) l 2.4 0.6 2.3 I Density (Stem/10m 2) '~-"'- 13 3 1 J J Dry WtxDensity Dry twigxDensity (g/10m 2) (g/10m 2) ~1ean 69 8 11 ....... J Var. 10 ~,ccJ Mean Var. 31 2 2 ,] 0.2 ·""--"'"'-'] J Dry twig Clipped Plots (g/10m 2 ) ~1ean Va r. 1 2 J .J cc -s ~ VI I'D ""0 ...... 00 N "-'"J 1 -J ) l Table 21. Summaries of dry weights per individual, densities and dry weight/area based in weight x density and clipped plots for the woodland black spruce vegetation type. c:::c Dry Wt/Ind. Dry twig/ Ind. Density Dry WtxDensity Dry twigxDensity Dry twig -s 0 ::[ 2 2 2 VI ( g/Stem} (g/Stem} (Stem/10m } (g/lOm } (g/lOm } Clipped Plots (I) "'0 2 . ..... Mean Va r. Mean Var. __. (g/10m } 0 cT Species ~1ean Var. U'l r+ s:: 0. « Salix pulchra 2.5 1.1 10 23 634 11 136 11 2058 Salix lanata 2.6 0.4 38 99 15 0 0.1 ~-o.>< ;,;"' J Table 22. Summaries of dry weights per individual, densities, and dry weight/area based on weight x density and clipped plots for the open mixed spruce-paper birch vegetation type. Dry Wt/Ind. Dry twig/Ind. Density Dry WtxDensity Dry twigxDensity Dry twig (g/Stem) (g/Stem) (Stem/10m 2) (g/10m 2) (g/10m 2) Clipped Plots Mean Var. Mean Var. (g/10m2) Species ~1ean Var. Betula papyrifera 4.4 0.2 1 4 0.2 Alnus sinuata 3.3 1.1 1 3 1.1 5 .. J J " /J ) ] I J J J .. J .·c.--_ -J .J ·-.... J I • -,..~1 OJ ..., 0 :E VI I'D ""0 -'• --' 0 n Vl n c: a.. ~ J ,,_., J ] ..... 1 1 -l Table 23. Summaries of dry weights per individual, densities, and dry weight/area based on weight x density and clipped plots for the open tall willow vegetation type. Species Sa 1 ix pul chra Salix alaxensis Betula papyrifera Alnus sinuata Dry Wt/Ind. Dry twig/Ind. {g/Stem) 1.2 19.3 1.3 2.1 {g/Stem) 0.3 7.8 0.3 0.7 Density {Stem/10m 2 ) 23 41 2 7 Dry ~ltxDens i ty Dry twi gxDens i ty 2 2 {g/lOm ) {g/lOm ) ~1ean 28 750 1 20 Var. 39200 3 613 ~1ean Va r. 7 301 5910 0.3 0.2 6 50 Dry twig Clipped Plots {g/10m 2 ) Mean Var. 3 166 393 1342000 5 296 73 59800 """0 _,, -.1 0 cT (/) cT s::::: 0. '< co U1 i 11 Table 24. Summaries of dry weights per individual, densities, and dry weight/area based on weight x density and clipped plots for the open low dwarf birch-willow vegetation type. Dry Wt/lnd. Dry twig/Ind. Density Dry WtxDensity Dry twigxDensity Dry twig (g/Stem) (g/Stem) (Stem/10m 2) (g/10m 2) (g/10m 2) Clipped Plots t1ean Var. t1ean Var. (g/10m 2) Species ~1ean Var. Salix pulchra 3.2 0.4 26 69 1420 7 17 22 1800 Salix glauca 9.0 2.0 4 35 743 8 65 2 71 Sa 1 i x 1 a nata 21.8 6 .1 22 661 848000 190 70200 2 150 Betula pap~rifera 4.8 1.3 2 10 3 8 809 ... J --] .. _.) J r:o -s 0 ~ Ill (1) ""C ...... __. 0 rl- VI rt" s::: 0... ~ J . . . .J ) ' l 1 ] .... 1 l l Table 25. Summaries of dry weights per individuals densitiess and dry weight/area based on weight x density and clipped plots for the open low willow vegetation type. Species Salix pulchra Salix alaxensis Dry Wt/Ind. Dry twig/Ind. (g/Stem) 3.5 29.2 (g/Stem) 0.5 11.2 Density 2 (Stem/10m ) 116 6 Dry HtxDens ity Dry twigxDens ity (g/10m 2) (g/10m 2) ~1ean 406 175 Va r. Mean Var. 58 67 Dry twig Clipped Plots (g/10m 2) t~ean Va r. 217 0 c+ Vl c+ c 0.. « Table 26. Average current annual growth twig and leaf biomass in grams per 10 m2 for shrubs in 6 level IV vegetation types. A 1 m2 circular plot was used. Level IV Vegetation Type a WB-WS WBS MS-B TW DB-W L~/ Species Twig Leaf Twig Leaf Twig Leaf Twig Leaf Twig Leaf Twig Leaf Betula glandulosa 22 157 24 123 2 15 36 192 Betula papyrifera 5 14 8 12 Salix pulchra 1 4 11 25 3 10 22 104 217 655 Salix glauca 2 3 2 8 Salix lanata < o. 5 <0.5 2 5 Salix alaxensis 394 550 Alnus sinuata 5 31 73 125 TOTAL 25 164 36 148 7 46 475 699 70 321 217 655 a WB-WS = Woodland Black-White Spruce; WBS = Woodland Black Spruce; MS-B = Open ~ixed Spruce-Paper Birch; TW = Open Tall Willow; DB-W = Open Low Dwarf Birch-Hillow; UJ = Open Low Willow I ) ~~J c-C~---~ --.J .J .J ·-~·-''-.I J " .... J -"'--] I ___ ,cc..J "-"--" ] .J .J __ ) to -s 0 ::e: 1/'1 CD " ...... --' 0 c-t VI rl' c Cl. ~ CXl co __ c_c] ' ; - /"""' - Browse Pilot Study Table 27. Elapsed time in seconds required for 2 persons to clip current annual growth twigs and leaves from shrub species in 1-m 2 plots, and then move to and establish a subsequent plot. Elapsed Time (seconds} Vegetation Type Clip Move Total Woodland Black-White Spruce 703 138 841 Woodland Black Spruce 649 92 741 Open Mixed Spruce-Paper Birch 59 54 113 Open Tall Willow 504 137 641 Open Low Dwarf Birch-Willow 1,124 122 1,246 Open Low Willow 1,800 141 1,941 89 TABLE 28. Average time (minutes) to clip an est1mated adequate number of 1-m 2 plots at a site for 6 level IV vegetation types. Plots were clipped by 2 persons. Time required to clip each species was allocated based on percentage of total dry weight clipped. level IV Vegetation Type a WB-WS WBS ~1S-B TW DB-W LW Species Twig leaf Totalb Twig leaf Tota 1 Twig leaf Total Twig leaf Tota 1 Twig leaf Total Twfg leaf Total Betula glandulosa 22 117 133 17 94 112 4 43 48 33 92 110 ~ ~a~~rifera 6 18 24 93 139 232 Salix pulchra 17 57 72 34 48 70 5 14 18 17 55 66 127 180 240 ~ glauca 25 34 57 22 82 102 Salix lanata 9 ~ 5 20 49 69 Salix alaxens1s 45 51 88 Alnus sinuata 16 102 119 30 55 88 Total all species incl. move time 182 99 168 150 104 324 a WB-WS = Woodland Black-White Spruce; WBS = Woodland Black Spruce; MS-B ; Open Mixed Spruce-Paper Birch; TW = Open Tall Willow; OB-W = Open Low Dwarf Birch-~lillow; l\J = Open Low Willow b Total = total of twig + leaf using leaf estimated sample size. J .J .... ) J J OJ -s 0 ~ VI CD \0 0 TABLE 29. Approximate average elapsed time including move time in seconds for 2 persons to clip current annual growth twigs in 1-m 2 plots, and number of 1-m 2 and 0.5-m 2 plots/site, minutes/site, and number of sites/level IV vegetation type required to sample clipped plots within 20% of the mean with 67% confidence. Estimates are for selected shrub species in 9 level IV vegetation types in the middle Susitna River Basin. Betula glandulosa has been excluded. Includes data modified from Steigers et al. (1983). Level IV Vegetation Type Open White Spruce b Open Black Spruceb Woodland Black-White Spruce Woodland Black Spruce Open Mixed Spruce-Paper Birch Open Tall Willow Open Low Dwarf Birchb Open Low 0\'tarf Birch-Willow Open Low ~Ji 11 ow # Sites Sampled 7 10 2 4 2 2 18 5 1 Time/Plata (Seconds) 122c 122c 168 153 89 322 172e 218 589 Plots/ Site 16d 27d 8 32 114 10 23d 13 11 ~1inutes/ Site 33 55 22' 82 169 54 66 47 108 Sites/Vegetation Type 328 783 2 401 501 220 2,095 9 f o;J -s 0 ::e: Ill f1) " --'· 0 rt Vl rt I: 0... « 1..0 ..... I J ~~ .. ,__._.-; (Table 29 continued.) a Estimated time based on the percent twig weight of total twig plus leaf weight. 30 seconds/plot was used. b Data modified from Steigers et al. (1983). A minimum of c Estimated time based on similarity of species composition to the pilot study woodland black spruce vegetation type. d Q.5-m 2 clipped plot size; 15 plots/site. e Estimated time based on similarity of species composition to the pilot study open low dwarf birch-willow vegetation type. f Only 1 site sampled. ,J j J ~----'-,.J I •~~·· ) ~· j ] ·~····~J '··-= ~~ ··"·~·J ._c_~ J c:o -s 0 ~ (I) """0 ..... ....... 0 c+ (.J') c+ c: ~ ,.,.J - -' ,- -· - - Browse Pilot Study TABLE 30. Percentage of cost to clip plots, and allocation of 680 maximum sites among 8 level IV vegetation types. Betula glandulosa has been excluded. Level IV Vegetation Type % of Cost Open White Spruce 46 Open Black Spruce 18 Woodland Black-White Spruce 0.05 Woodland Black Spruce 6 Open Mixed Spruce-Paper Birch 1 Open Tall Willow 1 Open Low Dwarf Birch 26 Open Low Dwarf Birch-Willow 2 a Hinimurn of 2 sites required. 93 Allocation 313 121 2a 41 7 7 175 14 -FIGURES - I""' 'I"" I""' ' ,.... I l r f r t Browse Pilot Study 94 ..... - FIGURE 1 Location of Susitna River Basin study area in southcentral Alaska. - - - l I ~·· -1 Q • 1 . . 1 1 1 l --I Talkeetna o 10km ~ J 1 l ] J FIGURE 1 LOCATION OF STUDY AREA IN THE STATE OF ALASK~ ] ] CD "' ..... - - - Browse Pilot Study 96 FIGURE 2 Location of 17 sites sampled during the browse pilot study in the middle Susitna River Basin. 1 DevUCanron Damatte Mile a 0 I I I I 0 1 2 J 1 ~ Kllometera -··1 J 1 I LOCATION OF BROWSE PILOT 3 STUDY SITES - ~- - - - - - - Browse Pilot Study APPENDIX A DENSITY STATISTCS-3 PLOT SIZES 2 ~leans, standard errors, variances, and estimated sample sizes for 1-m , 4-m 2 , and 10-m 2 plot size density estimates for shrub species. Density estimates are presented by site, with sites grouped into level IV vegetation types. The within estimated sample size (WNHAT) is the number of plots of the respective size required to sample the density in the vegetation type within 20% of the mean with 80% confidence. These density plots are then evenly allocated to the number of sites sampled in the type. --] """"" ~--' ~, --1 ·--~~~1 '~--cCc1 --I 1 -------l • J --1 i ] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------. . . TABLEA/. MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS (1M2) --or StLECftD--SHF~UI«-!:TF'tl'.~TE-s1Nl:flV111UAliY--fiNrr-·-cnMBTNEir-F'Oli--------···"--····----·----·---------·- BITE 10~ N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAM~LE SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE [IENB I TY WTTHnr-2o-x·--ur-THE t·!EAN" WTnr ao;.--GONF IDENCE. . ----· ... ----· ------···--· --·-···--------- ---------------------------------------------------------~---------------------- 2 cr."' rEG D r~y··-----rr-r-:::~----1 o·r·-------· --------··-····x-----..:-·----.,----s::---..:..-.. --.·----~r ------··---· ·----· -:---'-··n-·--· ·-·----·NHtlr·-·--··-· w I nnN -WN ·-;-~~ X BEl U LA. l'l L tlNirm-::OsA-·----~---., -.. ----~-z~3 -;--·:--. -.. 14 ~-r---·--2 o·o r-; T---~----·-·-----·-To-------·--··---21 ~--- ;3?•LIX F'ULCHRA -2. 2.0 . 40.0 . 10 .. 410 B {l L.. I X G 1... AU C A 2 • 2 -• 0 4 0 • 0 1 0 41 () 1 Dl f-1 L tiLL.--BFEC IEs·--· -·-·-····---:-:-~-------o7~--------··--f4·;5--· ··-2 0 9 0 ,·o ----C--~------·-To· . -. --"20 .. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------.. --· ......... ---·---~-------------- TABLEAZ. MEANS, STANDARD ERRORSr AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS C1M2) 0 F 5 t: LEG T E:-rr··sHR U F.I"11FTC I ES --TN IfiVTDUAllT---rmu···coNB 1. N Err FOR ... -. --···--......... ___ .. ________ ...... .. SITE 11. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE lH::Nl31 TY . WI TRltr-2<Yz--oF--THE···HEAir IH nr·-ao:Y.-·-coNFIDENCE ~---------· .......... -·-· ··------............. -. ····--. .. ........ . ..... .. ---- Ct1lEGDf{Y '"I "-· -·-TN--::::··--ro·y-·-------.-----------x--··----·--------·-s::··· ······ · · s · ..... X liE T UL(.1 GLANl•ULOSA 77. ""23;g----·so-b 7~-8"-~---------.. IO ......... ___ ...... ---.. '40 ..... -.... ·-·--.. ··-·.-----·····--·---·-------- "-' . t1 fl L I X G L (.} l.J c f.l . '._-. Cf t 9 t 0 B l. 0 & 0 l. 0 4 1 () \·, TDTf.'tL ALL SPECIES Bb, 22.2 4937.8 10 2B \,. .... ~-~-: '..... •... ..... . . ,,,.,. ---......... ~-~--~ .. ·----. --.-~----~--·-· .••. ·--··" ···-··-~' ~ ______ .. ._ _________ ,_., ______ ..,.,. ----···--·-··~--·-...--~---• ~-...,....._.. ___ . ----· ···•·• --.... ·-····--~-·-·~~·---· ---· ....... ~ . ~-·>< ---·-·-----,.--...,. ~·--···-.. -· --·· ~r -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- • I ' •.· ....... ~ .. --.. --8 .I . ·' --"]" .. ,,J . . •'· J J 1 -. -····--·----- TA£iLE ,43. MEMIS, !Hr.,t.JJI,"IIUI ERRORS, MID ·vARIANCES FOR STEM COliN,TS. <1112) .. . OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR MbODL~ND BLACK~· ~HITE SPRUCE TYPE, N IS NUMBER OF" SAMPLING UNITS, THE-ESTIMATED SAMPLE ·-srzr-·rnHA"T> IS THE IWiiBER OF" SAMFllNir UtiiTS-REOUIRED-nr SAI1PLE THE. · ..... DENSITY WITHIN 20Z OF THE MEAN WITH BOX CONFIDENCE, -----..: --~ -· ----~---~'-n-~----------·-~-.. 2"" ---~----------------~-------------·----· ·--· ---·· -· - CATEGORY < N ·"" 20) X s_ s N NHAT X BETULA GLANDULDBA 70. 13,6 3684.2 20 31 SAliX PULCHFiA 1. 1.0 20.0 20 820 SALIX GLAUCfi 6; -........ Jj. 6 415.5 20 ::i63 TOTAL ALL SF'ECIES 77. 13.1 3423.9 20 24 -------------~------------------------------------------------------------------ WITHIN WN 3834.44 lEI 20.00 18 425.00 113 3513.89 ifl l ····-·-----·-····--------··-·-~-----····---- WNHAT 33 8.20 .. :'i7b 25 EtMS N= 2 [IN 980.00 20.00 245.oo· 180:5.00 1 1 1 1 DNHAT 9 820 ....._ () - f., TABLE A~ MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS <1M2> DF SELECTED SHHUII SPEC!ElJ'TNIJTVIDUALLY .. ANir··cmtBINEil···FoR ··--·· . ··------·--···-· "BITE 14. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNiTS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE DEtH-i I TY 1-.II nn N 20% OF--THE--HEAir-~JTTH ·-ao/; CONFIDENCE.·.-. ····--···-····- I .• J ! CfHEGORY ... ( w··;.:--·-·:nrr·--·-----------x~--------~s-.:·--------·····--s---------··---·-·-----·------·-~.r-·--···------NHAT _____ .... WITHIN . J..JN --·----wNI·· X :0 E T U L f..1 G Lt-1 Nit UL tiS ,IJI·~·-··-··-----···-----·--"B~r;--·-------:zT~·-·:'5"···--· -··757 ~~ ~-~~ ---------·----·--·1 0 ... ·-·--.... ··----"41"--··-·· -·-. --. ··-····· . . . --· --- TOTAL ALL SPECIES 88. 27.5 7573.3 10 41 ------------------------------------------------~--------------------------------- ' \ I I .I •.•.1 ~ -l l J T rlliLE AS: ... MEAtnr;·-srAN!(A-RTf"-t:t~FWT~Sr---~~lltf VAf(!t.iHCl::S-FOf~ STErr·coUNTS--CI.f12T_----· ·--·-··----·---·--~-----··-· OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR SITE 15; N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE ( NHAlf .. l s·--ti·n:.·-NUfrttE:frtn= -SAHFTl Rtr-UN:J: nr HEinl II~EI:t TO ·sAliPLE--THE ··---·-·-- DENSITY WITHIN 20% OF·THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE. --------------------------------------~---~---~--------------------------------- ... ... 2 ... -·-· ">'• ----------· c,~TEGDf<Y <N :=: 10> X C' -.) ... s . N X l,r..IITHIN • •••• ·-···-·---------•--~••rt•--• • ,_..._....,_..__......,, .. _____________ ---·-·-•·····-•· ___ _....._ ____ -·--~ • ·• •••-• • • --• ., ' -·• """' •• ·-··•··• -···· ·•··••-•-· ,,,., • ~ • ••-• ... ,_ -······ •·• • ' • -· ••• ·----' • -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- DETULA GI ... ,1:)NDIJI...OSA . 173. ~~0 • 0 9023,3 10 1:5 B(lLIX F'LILCHI\f.i 19, 1~~.7 1876.7 10 213 rnT ~~~L. ~~~LL · sPECIEs--------. ---~_·. · .----,T92·;---~--->--·-32 ;-·r-·-··-to328; 9·· •. ·-··--. --··-'··· • 1 0 •• C-···· -------12 ---~---------------------------------------------------------------------------.. 1 l~N TABLEA,. MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS (1M2> DF SCLten::ri--~iHRIJif--SFE:C:-rES--lN!fiVIDUf.I[LYAND-COHni NED ·ror.:··----. -----····----·--.. ·-···------ SITE 18t N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE <NHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE fiENS·r ry·--wiTHnr-:zu;.-orTI·n::-MEAN-14TTFf-·a-o·-,;;-:--coNF IIIENCE··;··· -·---------·-------------~-----·------... ----------- s ....... N-NH(.H WITHIN ~IN . -wN X BETULA -GLAlltTUCOSA Std_ I X PULCHRA TOTAL ALL SPECIES 47-;---------16-~-5 --------·2112 .·2 -------· ---------ro·----------·----·51· ----· · ------·· 27. 13.4 1801.1 10 102 74. 19.6 3826.7 10 29 ~. ---0 -t... . ···-·· -· __ J·· -.,:.---~~ i_r..:_~_._; •. .,:.-J ' .J .J .J .-. I . / . 1 i ' l -···-· ------------------------···--·-----------···--.. ··---··----··-----···-· _____ ......... ··-··-·· ...... "--·-------- ---------------------·------~----~---,---.---------------·-----------~---···-· ----___________________________ ,._________ -.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------- TABLEA7· MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS~ AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS <1M2> OF SELECTtD SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR ··uTrt.---fl1. H-Is· THE-NUMBER .. or· SMiPL. I NG-UN ITS. THE. EST I M ATEf.t Sf.1 t'lF'L E SIZE <NHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE DENSITY WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH BOX CONFIDENCE • . ---... -------------··-------~--~------------·------~-~~-.-.--~------·---------------.. ···--------~----_.........____ •... ., .. , ____ .. _______ .. -----~-------···-···•·" -··--··· -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- <N ":: 10) BETULA GLANDULOSA Gt:I...IX PUI...CHF:t• TOTAL ALL SPECIES X s_. . -X. - 1") .t .. 63. 21.3 4556.7 i. 9 • -----. j, 0 • 2 -··-. 1 0 :~ ~.~ • 2 .B2. 24.9 6217.8 N 10 1.0 10 NHAT •Hl .. :lJ 8 - 30 -------------------------------------~--------~--------------------------------- . ' ; ~ '. . . --· -.. ,_ . WITHIN lJN WNH TABLE AB, 11EANS, STAIHIMO ERRIJRS, AIHI VARIANCES FOR STEI1 COUNI,l:L,(,l 112.,)....,.., .. ,~ , ...... . OF SELECTH £alriUI1 SF'ECIES INDI!JHtUALLY. Mlti COMBHIED FOR"'tfu011rliNV'-IILACI\--' SPRUCE TYPE. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS, THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE SJZE <NHATl IS THE NUHDER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE liENSITY WITHIN 20:Y. OF THE liEA'fr-WlTlCBOrCm~FIDEt~CE-;---·-------. 2 CATEGORY ( N .. "' 40 >-....... 1(-------··---s:.:.---· s ---------·---w-.. NHAT bEtULA GLANDULOSA SALIX F'ULCilRf< TOTAL ALL SPECIES x .. 93 ;--------r'l ;r-·-792rr~1 - 16. 5,5 1188.1 109, 14.9 8829.7 ..... L 40 38 .. 40 185 40 31 ---•• ""--"" •" ,. •• ,. .. _ "" ""-"" "" ••-••• ••• ""-•• .. _ "" ... "" •-• ,. .. "" e••--:~·;~ == ::::-.:.~-.:.:: .. -.:: .;_• ::·:: ::•.: :.·:.;-~=--: .::·:.;;-.:.:. ::: ~.::. .:_ ,.,. ••-~A;-·~""., .. •• ""-•'" ""--,.-_·_ "" "" ..... .1 .cl .J :I J .,,~ .J .I ·-.· 5966.39 36 29-·-·--------31469i17 ... . 3". ---150--.. U77 .50 36.0 183 1315.83 3 205 ... 6986.67 36 25 30946.t.7 3 107 _J J .I .. ') l --·-----· .... -·-· --··-··--· ---.~----··---··-·-·-~---~~~··•-·-··-·····-•·-·-----···-····-~---·· •. • ·-··--•" ·-·--·-••-·••·•••·~----···•·--··•-r--•. ·-·· . ·-------~-··•·-···--···-------•·-• ·--•••·•••·-·---· .. ••····--·--···· ----------------------~--------------------------------------------------------- TABLE A\ MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS C1M2) OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR S I n:.-1li t .. ·n···I s·-THE .. NUl'fBER'-IJF-sf.i~1PCTNG-UNIT S .---THE ... ESTHfATEr.r-sAMF'Lt:.·-·· ---·--·-----·----.. ··- SIZE CNHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE DENSITY WITHIN 20X OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE. • ...._,_,_ -----·----•••••••••----·••••··~·o••••---•-•-·•--~···-•---·'·'"'""-'''•-·---, __ _,c-•----•-•-~ -·· -·-------·--'·-•'-•·---•••·---•--• • J <N :::: 10) X S_ S N NHAT WITHIN WN .. -· -··-··········-·· ------· -------·····-···· ·----·~. --·-·· ··-··x···--·-.. ---~-----··--······-··· ?' ----------------------------~~-------------------------------------------------- BETULA GLANDULOSA TOTAL ALL SPECIES 1 • :1. • 1 .() t.o 1 0·. 0 :1.0.0 10 10 4:1. o .. 4 :1.() WNHAT . I ..... ·-----~-------~------·-----------------.......... --.----..~--------.... ·----~·--~ ,., ____ ......... ~-~~"""""' --~~ ~------..... ~--·>-· --'··~----· .... ,-.., ......... ~ ...... _..~---------__ .,. ---··--··· ·----------. ---------~--~------.. --···------~-·------···-· •.• ---·-· -- "i'tlBI...EA/0. HEM-IS, STANDAF\D EF\FWFW, MW 1JAF\IANCES FOF\ STD1 COUNTS <H12> OF Bt:.L.I:::l::lE-[1 ·sHr.~-tJI~--g-I:'·Ec·I-£!3 -:rf~[fJl1J n·UAI~l.Y _____ ilN'f.~ --COl1[-< I NEn·-T:or~. --· ---·--------- •SITE~17~ N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE <NHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE OEi'ISITY l.HTH:CN 20Z ()F iHE-liEMJ IHTH. BOi~ ·cm-IFIDENCE + ---. -----x-·--:--····-··--s::--'--··--·--·s,-· -·--..... _._ ·-· --. -·-·-·--N--------·--··-----NHAT-. ····--···lrJ t THIN ... ·-~JN ____ WNH A. X ··-.... -·· .... ··-.... --.... -·· -----~ .... --...................... -.... --.................................. -........................ -·· ............. --.............. ;. ··-... ~ -----·· --......... -·· .. ~ ....... ··-.................... -·-............................... ----............. . .. .... .... •... .... ··--~~ .... ---·· ........ ··-------........ --· ----.... --......... --.... --.... ------------.... ··~ ---------··-.... --··-.... -~ ........ _ ........................................................ , ............ --~ ................ _, ----·· ................ ----·· ... . .. J .J J .J _I J 1 l lAitL£ /Ill. 11EM1S, STAt~IIARll Efifi0r(S, AN If VARIANCES TOR STEM-COUNTS. n H2> ···--·· . ······-. OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR•OPEN'MIXE~ SPRUCE-BIRCH TYPE. N IS NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS, ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE: <NHAll HI THE NUMBER OF-SAMPLING-utHT!T REOUlRHi TO SAMPlE ·niE. DENSITY WITHIN 20~ OF THE MEAN WITH 80~ CONFIDENCE, ··-·-·· ··~------~--·--~--·· ····-,--------···-··------·---· -·. -"' CATEGORY < N '" 20 l BETULA GLANDULOSA TOTAL ALL SPECIES X s_ X . ------. -·---------- 1 • 1 ' 0.5 0.5 s 5.0 5.0 N 20 20 .. ~-·-·-· ~-· ,.----------·-·--·-··-·--·--·------·----------~-. ···-~----.--...... ______ ._ __ .. NHAT 820 820 ---------------------------------------------------------------7---------------- WITHIN 5.00 5.00 1 .... -· ·--------------------~--·----------1 ··-·····-.... ·-·----------·-----·-------·-----·-------t .. ·-----. ------··---. ····---·------· -------·------:1 WN -~~~~-~T -· BH~-~-:--. 2 ---·~;~------··-;;.~~--~ 1 . ------·-·-· ·----~--------------------... -·--------,i 18 820 1 a a2'o 5.00 5.00 1 1 820 i _a_2o_,~ i I ···--·----------------~---________ _, j' --------·---------.-.. ----------------·-·-··------------·-----------------· ---····------·---·· ... TABLEA~ MEANS, STANDARD ERRORSr AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS C1M2> · DF SELECTEI:i-SHROii--S"F'f::.·t~lE"g-TNIH\JTDUATLY --At-ID--CIJMF.fi NED FOr~ ----------------------. -----··-· ..... SITE a. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE DENSITY W ITHlN-20/.-0FIHF.:.-·-MEAN--I..JTTH -aox-CONFHIENCE; - . . ... ---. . ·---.. -----.. < N · ·:::: · · -· -9 r ---· -· ---------------·x -·----... -· ---·---s ~:: · ·---· · !:r· X NHAT ----------------------------~---~-------------~~----------~--------------------- St~lL I X ALAXENS IS . ----·----·-----------· _______ ..:_~----90<·-------"-30·; 0 . ...:. .... ·· ... B 100 • 0 · · ALNUS SINUATA 6. 2.9 77.8 TOTAL ALL SPECIES 96. 28.0 7077.8 ........ "9 -- 9 ~'i . . . .--·-.-. ··-.. -. ---.. ·-. . . . -. . ' . . ...... -41. 104 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- .... ) ,,,__,:.· ,.J .J J .. ,J J - J ... t ~. f .. ' l ----~-~"-· . -··-···---~------.. -------·---.. -------. . . -~-_______ , ----. --~--. ----. ····--... ----------·-. . ... _,...,., ________ . ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------·r~~BL.E AIZ HEANS, STANDARD Eri:.RClRSr AND IJARIANCES FOR STEI·i COUNTS <H12) OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR SITE 9 t N. IS-THE. NUtiBEFCOF~SAt1PL I NG--UN Irs··-"THE ESTit1ATED ·sAt1PLE- SIZE <NHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE DENSITY WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE. -·------..... ---------·· ·····------·----~-. ~-··--··· -----·-···-······-. -........ . -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 Ct-1TEGDRY <N == 11> X t' ... ,._ NHAT } WITHIN WN wm . ·-· --------·------~-------------------------------~--------·---::r ·-----------· ------··· ........ -·· . ----. -----------·· -------------------·-------------------------·--·---------·-. . .. ---~ . -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SALIX PULCHRA 38. 8.8 856.4 11 25 SAL. I X r1 L. {:1 X t: ~i H 1 S -~----··------·-··-·-----·-····--...-..·--·--r~r ~-------. i • 2 -----... '" ~5·z;7· ~ 3 . ----·-.. ----·---·-----Ti------------9 n·--· -- TDTI~il ... f.:d .. L SPECIES 5·4• 12.5 172~"i.5 11 25 ~. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- TABLE AI~ MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS C1M2J OF SELECTED SIHWit SF·ECIES IN[IlV![IUALl Y-ANrt COI·l[IINED FOR n\l:li--- •WILLOW TYPE1 N IS THE NUMDER OF SAMPLING UNITS, THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE <NHATJ IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE [tENSITY W1THW 20% OF l'HE MEAN WlTfrSOI. CONFIIIEIICL------- 2 CAtEGORY IN = ~~0> --x-------s-.=·--------s-~ --------N-· X SALIX F'ULCHfiA. -21 ;-----------,.--4 --. a3o ;s 10 SALIX ALAXENSIS 49. 16. 1 5156.8 20 ALNUS SINIJfHf; 3. 1.4 40.8 20 TOTAL ALL SPECIES 73 ;· -"T4 ;7 4346.!. 20 .. J .J ._J }, -........ ··-·····---·---··----------------·-·---- NHAT . -78 475.76 18 '45 ·-·--· •-w--· • ---7210-;Jli"--1---~67:r-- 88 3915.15 113 67 2'7'50?.2'7 1 470 2MJ 34.57 18 227 152.78 1 1002 J-4 4104.26 18 32 86913 ;23'' -'1 -----au-- _,.J w • 1 1 .. . . . . . . ·-. ----· ····--·------~----··--------------~-----·--____ L __ , ·······------·-··. ·-·--·-· ... . .. -... ·-··· ·-···· ------. ···-·-· ·--·-·-----------·-···---··--. --·-··· --· .. ·---... ---. ff.H!L.E AI$' nu:1NS' BTANDARD EF~F\ClHS; AND VAfn ANCEf:i FOR STEM COUNTS ( H12 > OF HEtf.:t!TE:1Y-SHRUf.i_S.F·t.CI E-S-TN [fiOID1f~iLLY ___ AHD ··coMB1 REn·--FUR _____ --·----·....:..----,.---·----·-------.---·--·-----------·-... --. ·-··---··------· ·SITE 12~ N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS, THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE CNHAT> IS THE NUM!ER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE 0 E H SIT y·· 'l.JI T HTN -zox·-nrrnE--l1EAN-IJJTTH ··a ox-C ONFTD EN CE·; ---------------- ----.. --- -------------------------------------------~------------------------------------ 'I "-· ··-x·-------------s:_:-·---------··s· ··-·---------------····---··--w-----·-----·NHA r------·w I THIN--WN---... --w N X T:l ET UUt GL !~l rHIUL 0 Sli --------·--------·-··-------------2 6 .----------·21 -~ 0 -·--. 4 4 2 6, 7 - -. . · · ---10 .. ·--------2 6S1 .. -.... SALIX PULCHRA 17. 11.6 , 1334.4 10 190 r SALIX LANATA 25, 20~8 4316.7 10 283 T 0 T M. ALL --s F'E CTE !)-----------. . . olr;-·-------33-.7-----.TT3 73 -~ 3 ---·· ··---------· ·---ro --------------·lOT ... -- f-. -------------------------~----~~----------------~---------------------~--------- TABLE AI' MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS (1M2> OF !3E:LECTED. SHI~lJ!f-sF·~en::s-·TNI:iiVIf.IUALL.Y Milt ·coMIHNEll FOR .SITE 13~ N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS, THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE :oE N ~; :i: ·r T·-t • .r rr n 1 N"" :ro ~-··nr---THE·-lrr t.iN ···~rrnr ·r:ro·t. r~n m-:--rm~ N c: ~-;---· .. --··-· ... ··· · -· ·-··-···-··--·-··-------· -· ·· ····--····· <N ... :lO) X N X ···. J WITHIN l•JN ~JNHAT ] ~-· 1 1 ..... 1 ·--~ .. -~ .. --···--------------~---------·······-------............ -------------.. --. ----____ .. __________ .. _____ , ____ -------· -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- TABLE AIJ MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS <1M2) OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR STTF41-···n IS --THE-NUMBER··or·sAMPLTNG11NITf:r~ -. THE EST It·1ATED. SAMPLE··------... -· ----. SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE DENSITY WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE • ..... --~---~-----------~-____ ) ____ ,,_,. _________ --------·--~ -·····-..... ·-·····--. -~----------------. ·-----····. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- < N .::: BETULA GLANDULOSA nt1LIX F'UL.CHRr:,··· !J(.·,L,IX I ... I:,Nr-,Tr-1 TOTAL ALL SPECIES 9) X 46. ~-·--·-.. -.... ····---·--·-··--···----··-·· ....... 34" ;·· ·- 9. 89. r• ;:)_ ... ··x · .. 18.5 ·a;:A~~--- 7 • 7 20.6 2 ~~077.8 ----627.B 5 :3{) • :l :~Bl.:l. • :1. ·-·-····-----·-· -----~--------~-·------------..-··--···-"'-··-···-· ------. -· . ----- N NHAT t;' b1 9 22 9 278 9 20 .. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ~JITHIN WN l>JNHA" ... -.--·--······- '· ·~··•--.····· -·~·-·--·-····,··--·-······-------·----··--···-----·-.. -. -····· --------------------------------------------------------------------------------TABLEAii MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS (1M2> OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR S"TT~-~f-Ig·--T Hr::--·uurrH EfCllF·--g A Mf;-L!Ntr·urrr TS -~----THE --t. S T I 1·-MT E n··-·s AllFTE _________ ---· --·----· ----~~-. SIZE CNHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE DENSITY WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE, Cr.-1TEGDF~Y < N "" 1. 0 ) X BETULA GLANDULOSA B1. :1.9.7 D ,; L. I ~< P l.J 1... C H R'f.i···---·----------·---:--·· -----7 T. -. . ··-. .. 2A • 6 . -- TOTAL. ALL SPECIES 158. 30.0 J J J < ... ; .. _J --.. ' " •''"' .I J ··"'·' 3B98.9 b045~6 B99;:5,6 J ,] 10 1.0 NHAT ~.IITHlN WN WN --.J 6'- i • 1 ., .. :·-I r:· A/4 I,I ... AIIi" ·~·t'~' 1·1 [ "'~"1'. l:''l"f'.O"'<'' ....... A. -~lr· ··v"l" IAI''"'~·tn FC)f' Cl'l'-11 ('01ll 1Tc (I Jl"l ). , 1 H·.i ... ~. " ··1 ~-·• ,) , b r-1 ~ • .1!--u\ .1 ~~-\ •: 1\ ~'l ' · r I 1··1 \ .. ·'ICc:. ~i • . ·i ,J :. • .• . 'I ~1 :. • •. _ OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR SITE &. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE n I J.:E < NHf.1'l') I B nu::--ffUHBER--tH:---·llATir;:cnm -mu T!T"-RECHll RErl rrr SAMPLE-THE·-----'· DENSITY WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE. ---_,_ "" ------_ .. _____ .... -----·-_____ , ____ ------~--------------~-----...__ ___ .. ----------· ~-------. -·-· ~ -· A.. Ci'-1TE:GCJr\'1' < N ;::: 1. 0 > X s N X l NH(IT -• ,,,. "-• ••--" ----•·---·-·-•• -----·-~-·---··•--------• "'''' -~-···---• '·•·' -·• -''"' • • •-• ' '' '' ''' • '''" '••-. • '•'• ""'"'' .,., .. ,, '••"""r"--------------------------------------------------------------------------------- BETULA G Lf.1 Nl:l UL Cl S(l 110 t 19.4 3777.8 10 13 ~3td ... I X PULCHI~A 1 <? t 8.7 76~.~./.l 1.() 07 r:it1L IX GUIUCf.i --·---.. ___ , ----·--.. -· ........ '"1·; ..... ·--·. ·-•··· l'j 0 10.0 •'10 4:1.0' TDT(.:ll.. f1LI... SF'ECIEB 13(). 19.7 f. ;:~8130.9 :l 0 :1.0 WITHIN WN WNHAT ---···-...J ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------T f.d?. L. EAla. . H t ,~,mr ;-·srAN.t(Ar<If-ERRO Rtr;·-·f.i N n···v?-IRTANC E 5 -T OF< . ·s T n-1 C 0 U NTs-·-rnrzr·· ·····--. ----... . . .... -....... ···-· . .. ·------. ·-· OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR SITE 7. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE BIZ 1:. .... <.NiTA 'IT---l1r-THE-m.mlH::':"R--OF!JAA F'CINlr"-lJN lT!:r-1\EUUn~:Efi ·-ro .. HAHITI:.:--THt.·-----------···-~----------------·-·--·-·--·-··· --·--··-- DENSITY WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE. C1~TEGDHY <N :::: :tO> X s_ 8 N NHAT WITI·IIN WN WNH~ X -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- BETULA GLANDULOSA 53. ~~867.8 1.0 ----------------------·----· -------. ----··---~·---·-·-·-·--·--·--------···-·-~·--···-· 16. 1.1.1 1226.7 10 197 S r-11 ... I X G L (i U C (.:. .. --·-·--··"--·-------T2 • --~r~-::~-~------~.)·~~ r.r;··~~-·-·· · ~---------·-·-ro··---··---·--r~3 r·· -·-· -·· ·-··-···· ·· ----· ··-----~------- SALIX L.ANATA 53. 18.7 3512.2 10 52 TOTAL ALL SPECIES 134. 30.0 9004.4 10 21 ----· ---"---·----~----------------~-----~--------·----------~-·-----------·-·---------· ··--·----. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- J _j I ,I :.J J "'·---ow-~, .J .I J ~ "'J ,,;.._ >•.J J ,. I "I "i I l ] ] J l . ---···--·--------------·-~---·-------~---·----··--------·-····· -----------. ------------.---~- .. ·----------------~---------- IA[~LE A~t 11EANS, S"TANMRIJ ERRORSi ___ Atlri-VARl-ANCES ··ror-:···sH:H--c·omns-nMzr-------···--------·----------------~------~·--- OF SELECTED BHf\liB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY MHI COMBINED FOR c:Of~EN,<IJ.OW;uiJWAf(f ·BIRCH-WILLO~. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS, THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE CNHAT> IS TilE NUI1BER OF SAMPLING UNITS--REQUIRED TO-SAMPLE" THE··· DENSITY WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH BOZ CONFIDENCE, ---------::-----·~-·-------2·--~~--_ ·------:----~--------------..... --~-----·-. UITEGOHY <N "' 59) X s_ S N NHAT WITiflN WN WNHAT 6 lJN BNHAT X --------·-----.... ---------~ ------.... --_:-.... ---_,. _ ..... --.-.:.:.:.:: ~:.:: ...:..: .. ·:.;.·;.~-. .;.·-~ ... .::.: ::..-:::--___ ;_ --__ . ----.. :.-... -----..,;, -~ ; __ ; ----.. ;. __ . __ ;,_-....... ----·· ··- BETULA GLAtWtJLOSA 68. 9,4 5248.5 59 47 4834.95 53 44 9632.27 5 86 SALIX F'ULCHRA 27. 6,0 23.5'5.3 5'7 121 1686.27 53 94 7127.59 5 397 SM .. IX GLf,IJCil .. --.. -2-.---------1.-;3·-------104;6 ------··-----~9·------· ---.762 ----"93 ;21. ---53'-679 "'25't'5'6 5 lolll SFlll X LANAH1 1 ~). 5.3 1677.0 5'7 324 1410.36 53 272 4503.10 5 869 TIHAL ALL SPECIES 112. 11.8 8177.5 59 27 7849.98 53 26 11649.21 5 39 ---··-. ·-·-· --------~---·--·------........ ---------~---.. --------------·--'---"-"------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ :.:::::- ---------------------________________ .. _ -.. ·------·-···-----· ----------------·-----·-------------c .), ; .\ , I 'l ~-· ------~----------·----··---------------------~------------------------------~----------------------------------------------·---------- .... ' \ · .. ---. · · --1 A [I L E A~z .. t1 fA f.1 s ;---fff7itn~-A-RII·-E rH~-oR·s~--A tnr-vi~-RTA f.Jcts--r-orc·sri.::"ff'"i~ 1ru r~ t f; -TTt=crr-··----------·--------------.. --------- "( OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR I ·BITE 3~ N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE i ·, 'J SIZE <NHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE DENSITY WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE. --.. -. --------------------------------·----------------------------------------------------·---·---------------------------· CATE:GOF:Y <N •::: 12) X 5.... s IHTHIN X -... -· .... ---.. -· -~----"·--.-" --·-. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bf-1L.IX PI.JL.CHf~f-1 186. 50~6 1, .. 30772. () 12 37 ;:-JAL IX ?1L(1X[::NBIG 4 • 4.2 20!3. ~5 1 ') . ~ 49;.! TDTt1L r,L.L ~:;p 1;: c :rES _. .. ---..... -. ~-------f90 ;·· -50.5 306!34. 5 1.2 --._.35. _ _j J I -.~. .I J ..... ] J I,JN l~NHAT J ---1 l 1 I ----- . -. . . --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- TABLE A~3 MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS (1M2) OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR-OPEN LOW WILLOW TYf'E, N IS THE NUI\BER OF SAI1F'LIN6.UNITS-;-·--rHE ESTIMATED SAMPLE-- SIZE (NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE DENSITY WITHIN 20% OF THE HEnN WITH SOZ CONFIDENCE, CATEGOf<Y (N '~ 12) S(1LIX f'ULCflf\A SALIX ALAXENSIS-- TOTAL ALL SPECIES X s_ ----~---· ·x 186. 50.6 . 4 .---. -----4.2 190, 50.5 2 s N 30772.0 12 .. --·--'201:1.3 12 .. 30ll54. 5 1 ~-~ Nil AT 37 492 3~:i J 1 . ,. ·-·--------· -------------1 14ITHIN WN WNHAT Bt\S N:::: BNHAT :J0771. 97 11 37 -o.oo o o 208.3:3 11 492 ----o-.-oo· ----o --· ------r-- :50b54.55 11 3~:i o. 0 1 ·---~~----·--------~--~----------- TABLE AZ¥ MEANS, STAffDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS <4M2) D F HE L.t: C TEll . SHF~Uf.t-SJ::•·r~l~-T.Es··-TffiTTt.rtTiUA'CC'r-f!Nti" CUHBTNEIT-r.mr-----~----------------·--·---"" SITE 10. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE <NHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE. DENSITY WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------~--- .. --. --....... ----·------·---------------·-···---------~-----------------. __ ........... ------·---------- X BETULA GLMHtUL.OSA ·-------------------------79;--9; 7 -936.4 - -·-----~TO-- ---T -· .. SALIX PULCHRA 13. 5.9 344.5 10 Bl S ?1 L I X G L A lJ C f.1 3 • 1 o ·5 2 l • 9 1 0 1 0 0 l 0 T !~ L f.~i L L SP·E·c·rt·s·· -.--~----r·--·---------~--~J---~-----------·---~·9·5-;--------··-----·1-4 -;·o··-----·---2··1-4 0 • 9 .. _. -----·-·· ---. --··-·· l·o·------------. -·-···. ·1 0 . ··--···--···--.... .. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ] -·~o· I J I '"". --~--I ~. •~c~~ .. J ~·~ ... J .J .. J 't'··· ~."'I ' ... c.>i•J J ~-J J -•~d' l Tf.1BLE .4t~ HEr-tNS, BTMHIAF(It EF~FWRS, AND ~JARIANCES FOR STD1 COUNH1 <4t12) OF SELECTED SHRUB-SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AHD COMBINED FOR SITE 11. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIHATED SAMPLE SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE 1 -] DENSITY .. lo.llTI-UN ___ 207.--OF~THr.-t-lEPiN-W I TH·-·sor. ·coNFIDENCE. --... ----------------------------·--------------·-- -----------------------··-----------------------~-------------------------------- < N :£ TOr---------------------X -----· ---··--S ~ X 2 .. -· 'N -. --·-·····-NHI~T BET IJL f.1 GL. f1NDI.JLD SA -----------------:-----:-----5T~---------·-rz·;·z -------'1A fl :r • 7 --. -· ------.------ro ---------------2 ·~ BETULA PAPYRIFERA 1. 0.5 2.5 10 410 Elt-1L.lX Gl.AUC?1 3. 1.1 1.1,1. 10 73 TDTf.1L {-\LI... SFECIES _______ -------------·-------5'4;-------·------12~6 1589.2 ·--10· ·2:·:~ ' .... ··--·------~-~ -----------------~-~-----~----~---------·--···--· -·---...... _ .. _____ ...• ·-·~-·--·------·· -····-·· ., ... -·· ...... ---····-··-···-----~~-~-----·· ··---.. ·----· WITHIN WN ·WNHf ; ·--· I ' \ --:··--·-..... ~ . . '"•-· ·--~----.. ·-·. ·-·-··--------......... -~~------------------·-----.... -----~ -------· ----· . -----..,.....__...__..--.~----···--····. _________________ ..,_ __ _ · L . ~·~~~~:!;~i~~~~: :~;~~~::~:~;::~~;~~:i~;~~~~~i~; ~~~~m!JJi.~im~~~~~:;;_~;~:---_ .... _ .... DENSITY WITHIN 20Z OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE, ·-·! .. .. ---- ·~ I 2 04 '" 20) X 5_ S N NHAT WITHIN . -··-· --· ______________ )( _____ ----------------·-------·---.... -.. -. -----... CATEGORY WN WNHAT BNHAT 2 BN ItETULA GLANDULOSA 65. 8.2 1351.7 i' 20 14 1209.03 18 12 3920.00 1 39 ~ l , . ! BETULA f'AF'YRIFERI\ ---·o.-·-----------· 0 ~ 3 ------T~-;s··---------20-820 1t25 SALIX F'UL.CHfiA 7. 3.2 209.4 20 19/J 172.26 SALIX GLI\UCA 3 • 0.9 15.7 20 86 16,53 TOTAL i\o L. L. SPECIES 74. ----·lo;::; 2214.7 20-17 1865.03 18 ---82 o -----------1>2 s---1--62o --------- 18 ··161 877.81' 1 820· 1 B 90 1, 25 1 7 ........_ 1a 14 ----a:Iot.1lt _____ t 64 ~~- ' ul ., ·'' : ~--. ) I ... ;) J .. J ] -.. -,-~-~:J·· l' ; ' i ~~ 'I ... '· \ ; ' .. \ ... 1 -·~·] I ! .. ~--• • ---••• -• -----··---.-------------------~---·-----------------·-·······---____ , ______ « .. ---·-------~-----.. ··-----~-----~----~-----------·------------------" l ·'. -----------------------------~---~----------~-------------------~-----~-----~--- TABLE A21 MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS (4M2) OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR BITE I. 4 ~-N-Ts·-n·IE .. NlltiBER OF-SAllf'LI NG ·uNITS~ . -THE EST I Mr, TE:D SANPL.E. SIZE <NHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF-SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE DENSITY WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE. ·-. ----------·----------~-.......... ---------------------~---····-------.--~--.--------------~---~----~------...o.._---~----------_,._____ -·--·-~-·--· ____________ _.....,... _____ _ -------------------------~-------~------------------------~--------------------- 2 ... ,, i CATEGDFn < N ::: 10> . X 5_ S N NHAT !:' /. ----;, ~; ~ ~~-~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~:~~~ =--=-~==--=----=--;; ;· :==;~ ~:--=-~~;;_;~;-:; ~ =-~-~~::~~:=;~-~~~~=~~==--~; '') SAL IX F'ULCHHi\• ....... -------------, ·-:---·:r;-·--------z;·o~--~-----·4o-;o-·-·---------:-ro---------,-·-·4:t·o ----·-··-··· "1, TOTAL ALL SPECIES 159~ 28.1 ,· 7884.8 10 · 13 •• •! -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- WITHIN :!It·-·· ·-··-·· ···--··············--·----··--... -·-··---·· ···-··-·-·-----····--·-·- i '' \.o.IN ~JNHA ;:; ..... ---------~- i \. .. -··" ---~----------·--~ ----------_ __, ~ .... _________ _.__ __ ----------·--·--··---~~· ~--~---------·-------------------·g··-y----. ............ , _______________ ~---------------------------·"·-·· ----~----_______ _. _________ - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- TABLE AZK MEANS' STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS C4M2> OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR ···-····-··· . ····-·--~--------------·---- SITE 15. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE !:>I ZE { NHAl I. TS-TH~NUfrBER ___ DF--Si~11F'LilfG--UfH Ts· REQU I RETI ro---s~iMPLE" ... THE·---·----·· -------.... --------------- DENSITY WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE. (N "' 10) X I s .. X C' ..) N NHAT . -------------·--·-----------~ --------·-""""--·~····-..... ·--··. -~ .. ---.... ·~---. -·····--·" . ~ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------··------------ BETULA GLANDULOSA 1·47. 17.8, 3166.7 SALIX PULCHRA 15. 9.6 917.3 T 0 T l-1l f-1LL SF' E C I ES -----· ··-------------~-~ --T62·;---·-·--------14 ;"5· .. --·. 2 0 99 • 7·· 10 10 ····--·to· 7 1.62 ....... 4~ - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------. . .I --,.I ] ... _J ..... 1 ] J I ·-J WITHIN I WN WNHt- I 1 ------------------------------------------------------~------------------------- TABLEA%9 MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS (4M2) D F SELECT En· S H R lJ Il SF' E C lE 8 -I N D I VI D U A 1.:. LY-AND-C 0 11 B I NED F 0 R - SITE 18. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE <NHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE DENSITY t..II THIN 207.0F--THE ____ 11EAN-·wIT W80%-CONFIDENCE-.-·-.. --·--·-·- l C N ··;::; -···-roT-~---·-----:-·---··--x··--· ···---------s: ·-----·--···-S ----·-·-------·--·····-w ·--·-· ·----·-NH~iT ···-WITHIN' t.JN ___ -wNHA X BETULA GLMHIULDSf-i ------· ·--····----·-···--·----~-----'45·; ·--------9 ~ 6------·------916 ~-4---------. --to· ·------· ·----· ·-19------ SALIX PULCHRA 9. 3.1 1 . 93.1 10 45 SALIX LANATA 38. 11.9 1406.7 10 40 TOTAL ALL SPECIES ~------··---···--~----------. 9 ~.~ ··,·····-···---· 1 s • a -----3 5 2 7 • f:l -10 1B --------------------------------------------------------------------------------I ...... ··------···-·-·--···-----------·------... -.. ....-., -··-·--·----·-• ___ , .. _._ ·--u-o,..o~ ....... ,.-.,,._,..,,_,, • --_......,...,,_,~·-----......._ ,, _______ ..,_,, ........... .,..----~--~--"--•--·---· ,~-.. _.,·.......,,,,. ... .,_ ·---- Tf.llH..E A-30 t1EANB, STMH1f.1F~D ERRDf\:3, AND VAHH1NCES FOR STEt1 COUNTS ( 4H;.~) OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR SITE 19. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE -----·--··--···---------······--.-. --.. ·-- ···----·--·-· --. _ __...:_._ __________________ ....__,' -------------~ -----··--~-~--· ----~-------·----~-..... ---------· ------ SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE n f.~H s1 t v·-~rrrHTFr-2-o %--l:n::rTlrHt (.\~r-w·nTr!ra:.rc·rcm t-1Tit:~N e c;-----~-------.. -------------·-· ---------·------------··---·------ , c t1 T £ G rm y· -------rw·:::----r OT_,-~--------x--.. ·--·-------s·=--~-----s·-------······----------R-----~N H'f.iT~~. \IJTTHI n-----~~ w-----wmrAK X BET U U1 G L M'!D U UHIA . -----... ----------···-·--------,LJ ; -------Tl1 ; 7 -----. 2 7 7 8 , 9 SALIX PULCHRA 17. 9.2 854.2 TOTAL ALL SPECIES 60. 15.8 2492.3 .... '10 ..... 10 10 6 ~-~ --.. --·-----·-·· ·--~--·--... 12~i 29 • ·· ~--------~---------••····-___.._....________ --......... --.-~----..-..~----r.--·----·-··---·--······-•• -·-·-··--------··--..,...-~.,...._ _ _,_~···--~----·-----·-··· •-· ·----·----.-.····---· ~---~---u---~·-·-··-· ---·-·----.--------·-· -------------------------------------------~--~-~------------------------------- ...... ·-·----------------------------,-.,...~.:-7, ~..,....-- '• ·. :.--~ .. ---· -----·--------.. -----------· ---------.----.-, " .. I . ·--J ,_) I J ------.I .1 I k.J ~ J ' 1 . ! ·- I l r j .. I l ····~-, ------··--------·-----------·······--~~--··-··-· --... ---... ·····-~ -----------· ·-----·--------.'.--------- TABLE A-3 / MEANS i-STANDArm ERRORS ,-~AND--VARTANCEs··-FUw STEI1-COUNTS~~<4M2 >;,;,,:., .• ._~ ··: -~--·-----···· .. )JF .SEL.E:Ii:TED SHIW£1 SPECIES I N[l IV I DUALLY AND CO MDI NED FOR t~OI;l~LA~[i :EiLACK) SPRUCE TYP~. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING. UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE <NHf1Tl IS THE NU~\IIER OF SAl1F'LitlG.UNITS REQUIHEn·ro· SAMPLE-THE. DENSITY WITHIN 20Z OF THE MEAN WITH BOX CONFIDENCE, ---· ---------------------~~---------"1 -----·--· ----------------.. Cf1TEGDI\Y · <N = 40> X s N X ----_________ _._ ___ . . . -.. - NHAT -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- EIETULA ULANDULOSA 90. 12. ~j 6220.1 40 2? !>ALI X F'ULCHI;;t, 11 • 3.4 474.2 40 16'7 ·····-···-·----------~-------- WITHIN WN WNHAT JH\S N= 4 [IN 3476.42 36 15 39247.71 3 4?6.16 :56 167 4:50.16 3 BNHAT 168 159 --·-I SALIX Lf1NATA 10.----·--· --··· 3. 9 ----· 602.3 .. --·-. -.. , . -40----274 351.67 36 ·160 ·--~----------:361 o-;-oo--------;3-~ro~?'~- TOTAL ALL SPECIEfi 118. 11.9 -------------- 5672.8 40 17 4001.16 36 12 25731.82 3 76 ----------------- -------c-------·----------··· ----~-,-----~~----···· ... ·---~~-------------~---------:-.._-- ~ ~ "'I" A. ····L I'" A 2 l ,, r·· ~-•. I("· ,., "l' A lo.l [ "F"' I' I"" I""• I""• I''• I"'• ,., A ~I I ll ~-r·· I " N C'l'" ,., I"' 0 r.:. ,., T F."~~ (' () ll ~I "I' C' ( 4 M '1 ) H .b .. ::. ;p J·l '~!'"!I'~,;) ~ ~) 1"1 H .I 1"1 \ J :. '\ ·•, 1..' '\ ~) ? l"ll'l l ,. 1''1 '\ • i"l ::. •:! .. f\ ;:> .:. ., ·' • r~ ,.) · ,;., DF EE:.LI::CTEn-Bl-fi:WB s·PECIE::::;. H!DTl..fiDlJt.,lTY·t~sND C0t1BTNED._FOB .................. ···-········· ----~--... . SITE 16. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE <NHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE DEW3ITY WI:THHf 20% DF "I'HE lfEAN ·(,.JITH -80%. CONFIDENCE; ,., ..... ~-. C(1TEGOF~Y ·< N ·,;;, · ··ro r··· ··--·······-··· ·· ---·-·x ~-·· · ·--·· ········ ···s ~ .. · ... --N . -· .· ...... NHt1T x· \-! E T U 1... (..1 GL t, N D U 1... D ~~A . ---........................... .. ----·--;~., ~-· ----4 ~ o -16 o. 1 · ·· ··· -· ro · · .. ·· -·--· · 8 6 Gt,L.I>< PUL.CH!\A 2. 1.8 30.6 10 410 f.1 L. N l.J Fi S I N U t-1 T A 1. 1.0 10.0 10 410 . ·-· ....................... -· .•. J WITIHN IAN ..... l.JNHi-f / ··------fx;·----~·-.. ---~--· ~r~ 3 .. -··:·· -----18 2··. 2 ----.. ------·------To· ---·--"·-·---·--··--~57······---··----·-· ---~-----·-,.-_ ---------~----· --~-·--------------~~-----~~----. -~-----------~-----~---------- -\..l.l ~ . > 1 ......... , ;_,,_l ............ J ....... ' 3 ... "' .... . .J .... "" ~1·· ..... . . .• ·...• c. .•. ,.OJ I '·. ! .. , "I" '. : \ {""• I"" ;·:· I"'" ;••. :' ' "'!" t"'" ..; ' .'"": ~ ~ } ! ··: · 1""• •\ ·, t••0 ' -] • 0. •• ... 1 -, __ 1 ---1 TABLEA33 MEANSr STANDARD,ERRORSY AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS <4M2) DF. BELF~Cn::n· BHI::.:l.JF ·rrPEC IEH ___ INDrV I I:fUi;-I.J ... Y t~il'HYTONB I NEX:i F OF( ........... --------·-·-· SITE 17. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE <NHAT) IS THE NUMDER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE DENS IT T-t..JI THI W 20;~ OF TH c·l,i E f.il--!' ~J I nr a 0%. CDNF I DE:NC E-~ -··· · --·----· ----- X BET l.JL (.:, F' M:·y F: 1 FE I~: A ·-·· . ·-··· --·-· ---·---·---. -1-.----.... __ .. _ --o-;5 TOTAL ALL SPECIES 1. 0.5 s ") .•: .. 2 {• 5 2 ,. ~::; N -----·--NHr-n--t..JITHIN ~m ... VJN ······ Hf .... ---·---4:1.0 ...... -- 10 1110 I I I ' i I ----·-·-·------------------:...........:..~:~ ::I. " " TABLE AJif MEANSr STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS C4M2l OF SELECTED SHRUB SF·ECIE!J. INrtiVIDUAllY AtHT COMBINErr· FOR--TIPEN MIXED------------. SPRUCE-BIRCH TYPE. N IS NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS, ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE <NHATI IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE .. ,-- DENSITY WITHIN 201. OF TilE MEAN-·wnw·aor.·-coNFUENCEI _____________ ------------------------------------~-----------,, ---------------------------------------------~----------------------------------"I CATEGOf\Y <N"' 20)- . • -----Icf.TUlA GU1NDULOSA 'I BETULA f'AF'YRIFERA : ( SAL I X f'ULCilf(A ,-i ALNUS S!NUA'J'A TOTAL ALL SPECIES -J , __ I L·_.,:o_c,_c J J 2 -----·-x----------s·.::--------s-------·------~-w· -· -NUAT---··wiTHIN·--WW -wNUA!-·Dtls-N,-----2---1.'rN--BNU"Aa-- X --------4--;------------z-;z·-------96-; o-------·---20----------2o6------£Hr. 03-··1 a---17 z----B2ttl1 1 szo--- o. 0.3 1.3 20 1320 1.25 18 820 1&25 1 820 1. 0.9 15.3 20 820 15.31 lEI 820 15.31 1 820 · -----------T;------·-o--;-s-----------5-;o ------------·--2~>-----u2o -----::;. oo -· · "18' --820 ;::,.00 1 820 6. 2.4 119.3 ' 20 136 92.36 18 106 605.00 1 6a9 ------------------------------------- ---__ I _,] -. _] .. I j _] -~ _ ... J • ,. i • ,. ~ ( . • It i ,, '· . :'. ] l • u,_, -••••-•---•·• .. --+--~~·~·--------·-........_-.-'..__.. ___ , ____ ,,~~--~·--•-·-· --··--··-•"-·' -··--•-~--------·--• ··-••·-~•••< -----•••'-••-•••·--·•--..... ....-..,--•. •••••--.•··--· ____ ._ .. ~-----·-------~ ,,_, __ ,:,.,,, _____ --~--'"•'' -----·- TABLE A35 MEANS, STANDARD ERRORSr AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS <4M2> OF SELECTED SHRUD SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR SITE a~·-... N.~rs· -THE-·NlHli!ER-OF..:...SAMPCINulJNITS-;-·-rHE ESTTMATErr·sAMPt:E·--------.. ··----·· SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE DENSITY WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE. -------------------· ----------------------------- <N := 10) X s N NHAT -----------------------------~-------------,....__. ___________ .._ ____ -------·-·x -----------------------~----------------~-· -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- BETULA PAPYRIFERA 3. 2.1 42.3 10 230 WITHIN WN WNHI ••••·--•r ~·-•••••-·-·•··••~·-··----·---·------•-• "''"•"'-" G tlL I X .. P U 1.. CH R A------------.------·r-;--:-·----u-~-a--. --~ ~-r~--6--~----:----·:------r·o·-~--------4'1·u-----.. ---------------~---·-'--· ·------------· B?JLIX AU1XENSIS 53~ · 9.~r a45.6 10 1.3 ALNUS SlNUATA 12. 4.-3 189.0 10 57 ...... lOTAC.ACc-SPE.'Ctr·s-----o-a-;--~--r-o-;-t----r----~l'-<r2~6-;-~--------1-o------·-----.. -----~-1 o··------·-----__________________________ .. _ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ... --··---~--------------....-....-----~------..........-~----~------.---.. --~~--------------·---~-----~--~ ·----. .... -~-------------~~---·---.--------------------·-· ... ------··-----· ----·-----------~· --· - . ......_ ····•tN w i I! I ' \.' -J' ----------"·--·---------------------------·-···----~----------------- . . -··---··-··--'-'--•"• .. ••-·--·----··-----·~-:o••~"'"'""-•'•---------;,_ __ ... ___ . ___ .... ~•••• 4 ....... __.__.__,_ .... ______ ,_ _____ ----•·•. _ __.,_,_____._ ________ _ TABLE AJ." MEANS• STANIIARit EI~RORS, AND VAIUANCES FOR STEM COUNTS <4M2> --oF'. . fJ tCEc.'l' E f.i···-sH rdTD SPt e ~CE s iN riTV fDU7-ICl'r·-t-11Ui-·l~-OfHi HH£Jft-OR --·-· ---· -···--------·----------------__ ....... SITE 9. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNI~S. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE DENSITY WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE. ------------------------------------------------------------------~-------------·•·•· ________________ ,. _________ _ ----------------·-------·-~---------=-- C(.:1TEGOF.:Y .. <lr;;::· -:LOI ......... -----·~·--·---·-X ··-··-N . ------·--···· "··-···· ..... ~ " .. ;:)_ s X ---------------------------------------------r----------------------------------BET ll L f.l P f-1 P Y F\ IF E r~ A-···---·-·-··-··----_ ___: ____________ --o;--------·---0 • 3 SAL I X PULCHI~f.-1 2:3. 4 • 7 SALIX ALAXENSIS 28, 8.1 ALNUS SINUATA 2. 1.8 TOTAL ALL SPECIES 52. 11.0 ·---~ .J .. ------.. 0 ~-6 653.4 30.6 1199.2 j . .. -··-·-1 0 -.. ----4 1 0 ... j_ 0 .• :1.13 10 :~5 10 4:1.0 1.0 1B •••• ......._ 1...\j .....:::. ''"'"·'-"'' l T A BL·E A$7 llEMJ S r STANDARD ERRORS r AND VARIANCES F OH S TEt-l COUNT B ( 41'1 ~!) OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR TALL -. WILLOW TYPE. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS, THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE CNHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE DENSITY WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH BO% CONFIDENCE, CATEGOF:Y <N = 20> X DETUL.r., PAF''fF: I FEFir.; .., ....... St;LIX F'ULCHHro 12. sr.u x f;LAXENSI S 40. ALNUS SINUATr• 7. TOTAL fll.L SF'ECIES 60. . s..: --- X 1. 0 3. ·4 6.6 2.6 7.5 2 s 22.0 232.4 877.8 130.3 1121.6 N 20 20 20 20 20 -1 I IIi AT WITHIN ~IN 401 21, 4f.o 18 71 J. n.<?2 HI 23 749.48 lf.l 118 l0 11.l9 18 13 1112.85 18 ... WIJHAT IH1S N"-' ·· 2--liN -BNHAr------ 391 31..25 -t· 35 2:56S.3l 1 19 3107.81 1 9<] 500;00 1 13 1280.00 1 569 ---~·-- 717 81 4 :'iO -------· 15 - \.}.\_ ~ j . ' ' . ' ~ --~--... ------·-------------------...._ ________ ~___. ________ __.__ _____________________ ~--------...._______,_..-.....--...... -----.,.......__._._ ______ ........ _._ ____________ ~----------------·----------·------______ ..,_ __________ ~ ----------~ TABLE ;}-jg t·1EANS, STANDARD Ef-i:I~ORSr AND VARIANCES Fm:: STEM COUNTS <4M2) OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR B :tTl~ . G~. --·ll-T!l.THE--lmtrBl'::T{-OF'···rrAHF'LitifG-UNTTs-;-·-·-n-IE .. ESTI t-fATErr~sAMPLE_;_ ________ --~------~--.. ·- SIZE <NHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE DENSITY WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH GO% CONFIDENCE. , ........ ·--· -----.. ~---------·-·----------. ------------------------·-··---·---· ----------------------------------------,_ ____________ , ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------. ' <N :::: 10) X .S-S N NHAT WITHIN Wt'l WNHI ... ---------·----·-----.. -------------'------~---~ ---~--.. ------............. ------------·-........ X----· ... --------------~---_, __ .. -----------.. --·------~ -----.... ----------.. --.... . ... . ......... ----. .... .. .. .. __ , ....... ----------· -........................ .. 1 .. BETUU1 (·lL.AtHIULOSA 52. 13.9 19:1.8.3 10 30 I~ B?1LIX PlJLCHi~{.,---------7-. r;-,----·-3-o··;-:5·-----------------"1\Y------·-2-l,----------------------·------------ 1;: Bttl..IX GUllJC~1 4 • 2 •·2 47.5 10 122 ~~'b-·--···-~t!IL}X ___ ~-.r.,NAT~--. 15. 7.:7 590.3 10 100 0 { T D TAL ALL S r:· E t t'ES ... ----nr. -r5 7' 1--------::;! 2 9'(}-; 3 .. ·---·-----·----r"O ------· ----·-1-·z) --------------··--···-·-----·---"--- . ------------------------------~-------------------------------------------------~ . --------------------····------... --····-------------·-··-----.. . ~ .. _] J J .J l .. J ...... J J I .. 1 J ····· 1 TABLE A31 ME:f~t·!S, STANDARD ERRORS' AND VARIANCES FOH STEH COUNTS ( 4i·12) OF SELECTED SHROD SPECIES INITIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR SITE 13. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE <NHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE :OENBITY WI'H·IIN .20~~-oF--THE-lfEtlN ·wrrH·· BO%-CONFIDENCE; ····--·-- -----------------------------------------------------~-~------------------------ Cl .. ~-- X BETULA GL AN DUL OS A ·-· -·· ---------------·----------:!8 ~---·-·-·----T2; 9 .. : -· ... 16 53·, 4--- liE:TUU-·, Pf.:',PYI\IFERA ~~. 1. ~j . 2~?.. 5 SALIX PULCHRA 6, 2.0 41.9 '. '• -··-. •-• . ---~-............ c-•. ·-'·•"" .•.•. --·-•-SALIX GlAUC4 4; .. 4.o· 158.4 TOTAL ALL SPECIES 50. 14.1 1978.9 N 10 -·- :1.0 1.0 1 o· 10 NHr~T -· ··-·A a··- 4:LO 4El :560 :54 ' . ) . ] ----· ·-------~ ---------~ --...... ~---~----.. ' • . - . I WITHIN WN WNHAT ........... w . ------....... --------------~-- ····---------····-------------··1 TtiBLE A¥.0 t·u::AlW, --t~lARDAIUI'I::Rt.;O~t:r,-Af.m·· IJARTANCE:S ··Fm~ ·-sTEW COUNTS--(4M2l .. -· . OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR SITE 4. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE B I ZE ( NHr.1T >-rs··-THE ___ NIJffUERlJr-sAMF'CI N·G-uN-I TS-·r.:EUIJ I r-:ED TO ·sAHPI..:E-THE ____ - DENSITY WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WIT•! 80% CONFIDENCE. <N ~ 11> X S_ N NHAT WITHIN WN WNHI X BETULA GLANDULOBA 53. 8.4 779.3 11 12 SALIX PULCHRA 45. 11.0 1340.6 11 28 !:l (~L I X LA~~lt.1 T ti .. ----------.-------·-------~--~------6---;----~---------3-~-3---------1"23·; 0 --···--· ... -·------------Tr·-----.. ----1'25'·--·-------------.... ·----· -----------------.. -- TOTAL ALL SPECIES 104. 11.7 1503.0 11 6 --------------~--------------------------------r--------------------------------- *· --1 ·-'l J-J • ~l·j ~ --~------~--"""·-··----__ ...._~---..........--------------~~---·---------~-------------------~---------_______ ,._ ________ .. ~------------~------------~-~-------------------"'·-----· ~ ----------~.4------~--.,___ ---· -----....... ~--------- I j -------.... -------·--·-----------~-------------------------------. ----·---------" ' -------------~---~---.! 1, -------------~~--------~---------------~--------------+-~------~-..-----------··· --~ ---------~'""'~-----------~----------~--------------------~-~---; : I -----------------------~--------------------------------------------------------TABLE A'll 11EANS~---SfANf•tif~Ii ___ ERfdlRfT~----Ai-HI VAktANeEs FOF~ !:l'TEH COUNl'f~ (4M2) ---------- OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR SITE 5. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE . ( NHATr·-:rs--THE"'"NUMBER--OF' ___ S_Al1FTING lJNITS REQU I REii T a·-!rAMPt.:E·--rHE----~----------------------------------------------~------ DENSITY WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE. " ( "----------'----------~--------------------------------------... -----------------------------------------'"2 ----. --.1::, CATEGDF\"i <N :: 10) X s_ S N NHAT ni X .-f ··.------~-.... ----------------_::..: :~ :.-::. :::-::-::-..::·:::·-:::::-:. :::-::::::: .:-:..:-:.. -:::-:::·;.-~-~=-.::-:.:-::-:::-::-::::.:. -.:::..-:.--::. :::::-.::--::.·.:: :.;-.: ~= -~-=:-::; =·:. -.=-:.-:-:::.--:::-::-.:: ::.: :.;-..:-:-~·.:.:-;;-_ .::-.:::.· --------------- 1 I ~: ',! II E T u LA G L MHI u l.. 0 sA . 8 0 • 11 • '6 1 3 4 0 • 0 1 0 'jl u· SALIX PULCHRA 55. 20.1 4025.6 10 56. tJITHIN !'t)LIX GLAUCf.:l ""·-···---~------r·~-----~-~-----··-----·<r-.--5·~----·--·--------2·.5 --··ro ----··4:to· TOTAL ALL SPECIES 135. 19.5 3820.1 10 9 • ~ l' ; , • !\! ' ' I ' : ... j ~ : ' ' ; ~ ! ,, ·. -.... _ . I .... ····---~ --~---·-·---· --~---~ ---__.__., ___________ -------·------~-----------------------"·-~------· ...... -. -· .. -.... .. _.,_. ___________ ------·· ......... --.. ----~--···-··----.... ------------------------··· -------·--·······-· .,.. ... ------··--------:··---~----~--=~~~, -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- T (:,flL.E Al/1. MEt1NS; --STANDAR[f-ERROf{S-i AND-VARI ANCE5-FOF\ STEt1··coUNTS --·<4M2>·--- OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR SITE 6. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE f:l I Z E ( NHAT)-IS .THE -NUMBER ___ DF SAMF'I.:TNG ___ UNITS-. REQUIRED-TO --sAtiPl:E--THE-,-----------:-·-····--·-------------·---·"'· DENSITY W!THIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------" ~-·-· 2 . - <N = -10) X s .. s N WITHIN X WN WNHI . . -· -----------·------·-------------· -···--~--~---------· -------------------·---·----· --· ---·--··--------~--------·---------------·-···-·-----·-··---···-·----------------------------------------------------~------------------------------------ BETULA GLANDULOSA SALIX PULCHRA . .. T D TAL. l-1L L"SF' E Cl E s····-·-··------- 80. 15.8 2509.0 10 16 25. 7.2 519.4 10 35 Tos-;------r 6--;-·6 --------27 59 ;·o ··----·----------·-ro--------·--·--------1-1---- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- "" J 1 -----1 --l ' ~---] J ..,.._..,._. --1 J """'--., J -~ <--, l T (liH. E AL/3 tH::ANS, ~iT ANDArUt EF:RDF~S, AND lJAR 1 ANCE ~~ F OF\ STEI-t COUNTS < 4t12) OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR SITE 7, N IS THE NUMBER OF SA"PLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE <NHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE DENSITY t41THIN--20%-0F-THE" ___ HEAN WITH. 80/. CIJNFIDENCE. Ct1TEGDHY BETULA GLANDULOSA-- t11~LIX PULCHI~:A !){~L I X Gl.AUCA :?.-l(iLIX Ll~Nt1Tf.1 TOTAL ALL SPECIES ......... -,. .. ---.,_ X 34.--·a.5 18. 8.:1. 6. 2.6 ' -----~·-------'-t15.-·----·---14. 9 -.. 102. 12.4. s •") .,· .. 725.3 66~.~.2 2231..7 1535.3 10. 10 1 () 10 10 l J I -NHAT . ... WITHIN 2b 84 fi ::;; 47 7 ,, ::li TABLE A'/lf MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AIHI VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS C4M2> OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY-AND COMBINED FOR OPEN LOW DWARF BIRCH-WILLOW, N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS, THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE INHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE DENSITY lHTHIN 201. OF THE "MEi'IN"lHTH" BOY.-CONFIDENCE;-------------------------- --------------------------------------- ! : ~~~----- 1' I • 2 j; ~--CATEGORY (N "' 61 > -----------x----------s~--------s·----------------N"-----NHAT ____ --WITIUN"-WN--WNilAr-BMSrl=--li"IJN~tmAT"" __ _ (\ ..., --~--• •••----•• ••---•----.,., ~n-"" .,., ---.,., .... .,., -"-"'" ""' _..,.----.--,..-.... OOoO.., "h---,.., '"'" "'"'--_. .,., •q .,., "'"-""'--•• ••-•• ••-•• •• •• --•• <>• ••-••--••- • (--.---BE:TULA-GLAtHtULOSA ----- --------5"li. -s; 3 ----1683; 3 -----· · 61 · ---·-23 --147 4 ~ 67 ··· ·55 ----·zo·--·------:3978";-7-u---5--sr--- BETULA F'?lf'YRIFEI\A O, 0.2 3,7 61 2499 :5.613 5:~ 2495 3.76 5 2549 SALIX f'ULCHRA 26, 4,7 1355,3 61 81 1107.66 55 66 4079.80 5 243 l SALIX GLAUCA 2, 0.9 47.0 61 341 45.25 55 329 65.82 5 478 SALIX LANATA 11, 3,4 697.9 61 241 484,13 55 167 3049,67 5 1052 .. --------------------·-·--------------------------~ TOTAL ALL SPECIES 96. 6.8 280"7.7 61 13 2299.66 55 11 5 38 ---------- J I .,,: It; l •· .. j ' t •,· I ., '~:! "I (I. I' " " I- ll " ; 11 ' 1 -J 1 J J .\ -------·-----------·------ ..... ___________________________________ ~----------~-----------------------------------------------------------·----------------~------------------------------------------------~------------1 -------------------------------------------------------------------~------------T r-1BLE A'/5' Mtf-1-NS; --s-rA Ntt-AF{fi--E~RTHlf.Hr;-ANti--IJM~HiN CEs·· FOf\ "l:rT EM COUNTS-r4't-'1Zl _________________ --------------------------------~---------- OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR SITE 3. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS.' THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE ( H l·l1~ l) _ ..... t_ s-·TJ1~N\.ftiBE·R--or:---~:rAlf"F··L:-:r~rtr-lJ N :rr·s··"-·R E Q U II~ E f.i ·-··r 0 -·-s·AJ1F··[·E·----TF{E··-~-------------------. .,. ------~------------------------------------------------· DENSITY WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE • .. . --····-------------·--·-----·----------~·-:-.'·~ ------~--------.. _,...__.., __ ,_ __ __. __ ....,_, ___ ~-2----····--~~-.,---·-··------~----------~--~----------··~--~ ·-·--------·-------------·-·· ------·--·-· --·--···-----... ----··---·--······· ··-·-· CATEGDfn ( N :::: 9) X N ~JITHIN WN ~JUHA X -----~--------·----------~-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------~-----------------SALIX PULCHRA 116. 31.0 8653.3 9 27 SALIX ALAXENSIS 6, 4.5 179.9 9 181 --TOTAL ALL SF'ECIEs··-----~--------·----_;_ ____ f23~---------3o-;A-,~------·o32"4-~-r-----------------y---------------23 ________ -------- -----------------------------------------------~--------------~----------------- SALIX F'ULCHRA .r:r· ... S t, LI ::c ?IU1X Ef~ S I~; TOTAL ALL SPECIES J 116. 31.0 8653.3 ··--· --6 ;·--·----4 ;5-------179-.g·---------- 123. 30,4 8324.1 J 9 27 865~1. 30 9 . -----------"181 -----179 .!l6 9 23 8324.13 IcNHAT B 27 o.oo 0 1 - 8 -·-181-· . ----~;oo---o B 2:5 o.oo 0 1 J . . : --i --1 --] c---~-J ·. -1 -] -, ......... -·--------·-------------""·----- TABLE A~7 MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS <10M2) OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY ANQ COMBINED FOR -, < ., ) SITE l 0; ---trrs--T HE-NlJfH-iER"tJF"-SAllPLING-I.Jl'l ITS"~----Tllt.--EST I HlHEn· ·s-At1PC E-------------------------- SIZE <NHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE DENSITY WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE, ... , . --· -----. --·------·----~---------------·-.. --.--·---------------~-----~---------------------~ ·------------. ---· ..... ----· ~------___ ... ~--·-------·--····" -------------·------· -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Cf-1 TEGDRY X s_ --·-------------------------..... -· --------------.. ·-X-... ( .. ,J N Nl·iAT BETULA GLANDULOSA 78. 13.5 1819.8 10 13 !:! til." I X F·ULCHr~A ... ------------------:----s·~----------3 ;·1-----------95-; o· ---·--------~-----l·o------------------:1.·1s3 --- SALIX GLAUCA 2. 1•6' 24.9 10 255 TOTAL ALL SPECIES 84. 15.1 2272.9 10 14 ••-••·c--••---·~-··-·--• ••••--• •-•-..._., -~•--'•-••--•••••••-••••-·-·~-•''"' •• ••' '"' ' -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- J • . ' WITHIN WN wm- J -------------------------------------------------~------------------------------ TABLE A~f MEANSt STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS (10M2) OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR bITE U. • ·-·N 'TS~THT--NUl1BETCDr--s,~HPL-Hm ·uN!'TS .---THE EST H-i'ATED SM1PLE -----··--·---·--~ -" ----- SIZE CNHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNlTS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE DENSITY WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE. ····-.... -·----------~---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Ct1TEGOHY <N ;;:: 10) X s .. s N NHAT WITHIN WN BETUL.f.1 Gl3•NDULDS,f.l 44. 12.3 1~5;!1.6 lO :!.2 BETUL.f; PAPYR IF ERA__________ ----r-;---------o·.::;--· -· -------z. 5·· --·-- - . ------To-------------··----7110 ----· --- SALIX PULCHRA 1. 0.9 8.1 10 410 SALIX GLAUCA 2. 0.6 4.0 10 29 TDTr\1... r~1L.L. ~:H~;I~:c:rE~i----------···-------------·---·--·--4a;----------li.-~7'---.. 13~i9.T··· ......... -:1.0. ---------·25· -- --J ] .J J ·-'·'--'-'--' j '~-_,_I c •• l l -· C:·-.J J ,, .) --· ,___ .. 1 WN •• <<-l ~~ , .... J "1 l j J ,. ,, J J ,_ --j '-'l J l J ] ·--------·····-·-"··· -----.---..... -----------,-.... ------·-------------- TABLE N-/9 11EAI.JS, STf-IIHIARit ERRORS• MID VARIANCES FOH STEM COUIH5 <101121 OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR:WODDLAND DLACK-.; ;''WHITE-SPRUCE'IYF'E~ N IS NUMBER Or!IARPCJNG-UNIT5, -THE, E5TIMATEU'-·Strr1PtE 'SIZE <NHATl I~ THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REOUIRED TO SAMPLE THE DENSITY WITHIN 20% OF THE HEAN WITH BOX CONFIDENCE, ------------------------------------------=~-----~-~----~--=---~~~~~~~~~~~--=-~- 2 CATEGORY <N "" 201 X s N NHAT ---·-x-·---------,-·--_-------------------- £1ETliU:t Gl.ANDULDSA 61. 9.7 1972.9 20 21 llETULA F'M·YUFEI~t; 0 .-----------·-·o; 3--. 1. 3' . '20. 020 S?tLIX F'lJLCHf;(, 3. 1. 6 53.0 20 259 f)(tl IX GLAUCA 2. 0.13 13.7 20 117 TOTM. ALL SPECIES --66;-------10 i2 ___ 2067;s·--··-----20 20 '' ,,_ ,_ __ "', __ ,..,,,,,,,, ,, ......... --___ ,,,,.,_., ........ ,.--- WIWHI WN WNHAT DtiS N= 2 BN DNHAT 1670.70 18 1.9 5511.20 1 61 1.2!3 l.G 820 -r~25·---l azo---· 51.54 19 2'52 ao.oo 1 390 14.47 18 123 o.so l 7 1916.29 HI . 17 . .. --65£18.45 ·---·1 62--- I ' . ' f --.. ~--... --------------------.,, .. _____ .. ·-····--···----·------.. ------·------'"-~-----.. ··-·--·---------. -. . . . ---· -·-·--~ .. ---~~--~-·------------····------------·--·--. ·--------------------------------------------------------------------------------- TABLE AS'O ~1EANSr STANDARD ERI~!JRSr AND IJARIANCEt1 FOR STEM COUNTS (10M;~) OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AN~ COMBINED FOR EliTE :1.4 •. N TS THE ~NUHBER~·aF ·sM1F'LING UNITS~ THE EBTil1ATED SAMPLE> SIZE <NHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE DENSITY WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE. •• ... '""' ·••••·•--••~•-_,.,....._ .......... _.~----·••--•~---------~.-'-..---------· ---·-· ---,,,, .. ____._..., ••·-"" ----•-•-----___ ,_.,_,,__,_ ·-•--• •• •---..••r.,....._..·~··--··---'----•••---•-••-~~-~ -.---'-'····-------·---•-·•·-• • ----•·• --•·-----·-•·-•·--------------------------------------------------------------------------------- GtdTGOF~Y <N ::: 10> X EL. ......... -··· ·-.. ··---·--·-.. -----·----·-----~---·---·~·· ····-·--···---···x·--· ---· .... BETULA GLANDULOSA E1t,LJX F'ULCHI~{i TOTAL ALL SPECIES 'i'7 • 13. 1.10. 14.6 13 ~ 1· 1 ~; * 7 s 212'7.1. 1.716.:1. 2466.3 J N 10 10 10 NHAT 10 41() 9 WITHIN WN • . ' I 1 l J -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- TMH .. E: AS/ MEANS 1. STAlWARii.-ERRORS' --~~ND VARIANCEB FOf.: STEi'l COUNTS-T10t12) .- OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR SITE 15. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE ~H ZE ( NHl-HT. IS THE ·Nut-mER-OF 5M·1PLI NG UNITS Fd::CHJ I F\ED TO Sf.1MPL.E THE DENSITY WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE • C(1TEGORY ·-<N "" 10) X X .. ... '1 ,;., C' ~~ H -------~~-------·----------------·------·------···---~--, _____ .._ --------------. ---. ··---------------------------------------------------------------------------------BETULA GLANDULOStt 121 • 19.0 3619.6 1.0 i.l ' ~:li\LJX PULCHI~t-~ 29. 16.2 2620.4 10 :1. ;?, f.l ] ..... J WITHIN ~JN TDTf.1L . ALL. SPECIES .. ----· ---------.. -~----·--·-150; ·1 B .1 :~285. 5 10 ' . C;) WNH .f .. l -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- T ()l~LE A .51 MEANS, ST MHIARD Ef.:RiJRS, AND VAl:.: I ANCES F0\:0: S TEt1 COUNTS < 1 0~1 ~!) OF ~iEL.E:CTEfi-SHRUB ·sPECIES ~INDIVIDUAL[ y· A~III C"OMBINED FOf~ --~·-·--·--·-· SITE 18. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAHP~E SIZE CNHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE DENS TTY \HTHIN. 20% OF THE-f1EAW-WITH 00% CONFIDENCE. X '') ... BETlJL(I G L1~1 N D U L. D Sf.1 .. .. ,, __ -· .. ··~· ·------·-..... ' ··-..,.. ... -~-.. --------··-r-r ,,J ,,1 • -. --". 4 n • 7 ·-238.3 10 s~~~LIX FUL.CHf~r.1 18. I' •? 620.9 10 Df.1l... I X I...?1Nf-1Tf.l a. "7 '1 \.,J • ,:., 102.0 10 .·· TCllf:1l... ALL !:!PEC I ES r::'('\ .. ) ' . u: tB 138:1. .6 :to J J J ] ] ·-·"·'~·"-1 j -,.;_ .• I ,,: .. -1.0 7 (;) 61 .1.7 c -] ( I ,. l I _, __ l l ] -1 1 J l ' J J J 1 1 " p -------··· ..... ··--· ---·· ------·· ... ···------······-··-.-··-· -·· ----------··· ··-·· __ ,. _______ --··· --.. -. Tt,BLE 1\-£"3 l·iEAN!J, STAND{Hm EF<fWRS, AND lJAF<I ANCES. FDF< ~HEt-1 COUNTS < :t.ON2) OF !3ELECTEn··--sRRUirSF·-E"CTES-11ITtnriDTJATTY-'AND·-·cm1B INEfi-T-01\ ____________ .. ------··· -----------~-----------------------------····· ·------------.... _____ _ SITE 19. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE <NHATl IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE T~1E l:IENS 1 TY-WI nn: N 20r.·-oF"·THE·-m:AW.l.iJITH ·so% C DNF I DE NCE: • . .... .. . .. t... ·-. ,;> .. N . NHAT ---WITHIN-WN --~Hmr X ----------------------------------~---------------------------------------------BFTULtr GLMHIULOF.lf.i--. --------------·-··--·------48 .---------·-lo·~·g·--·-Tf6l; 5 SALIX PULCHRA 9. 3.& 141.4 TOTAL ALL SPECIES 57. 11.5 1321.8 ''. .. --10 10 10 '2 :L -· . D:l. :1.'7 . --·-··-··· .. ----·--·----·· ·------~------~ ... ·--~--------~------~-.---------· ----------·-· ~---··-··. ----·--·~--··~-·--.. ···-. ---. . -.. ---... --------·-····-··--· ---· .. -··--------------------------------------------------------------------------------- :: l ·I ·'I ... . . .. , ::! '• . • ! 'I , I 'I ·-I : l '-..:._ . ( TABLE Ai'f MEANS, STANr•ARD ERRORS, AN[I-VARIANCEs-FOR--STEM ·coUiiJ.S~ .-< 10112 > --- OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR/WOODLAND BLACK ··;- /SPRUCE TYPE, N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE E~tiMATED SAMPLE '-SIZE--<NI-UtT> IS THE NU~WEr\-OF-SAIWLING--IJNITS--REI:lUIRED TO SAtlPLE THE DENSITY WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH BOZ CONFIDENCE, -------------------~---------~.,-----------.. CATEGOR'( ( N "' 40 > X s N NHAT . . ~" ... -···--··-. ,_, ~-... -·-· ---·---~--~----.... --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- BETULi1 GL rii·IDULDG~t 7~1 0 8,6 2954.9 40 22 SALIX F'ULCHF;(:, 17. 5.6 1237.7 40 170 SALIX LMU1H1 2, 1. 0 36,8 40 350 TOTAL ALL SPECIES <74. 9.3 3484.0 40 17 ------·---------·· ______________ " _____ -- J '"---"-".,_. I •~--j _] J ·-·-' J I J WITHIN WN WNHAT. l:HIS tl= 4 DN !IN HAT :1.786.6:5 36 l4 16974.09 3 125 1274.71 :36 17:'i 793.00 3 109 25.50 36 243 172.23 3 1639 21.n.7o :56 10 19926.57 3 93 ~ ---f'5 _ .. J '--~~---1 -.-oc"''] I ', ' ~.'. l I,. i l' ' t. ' :' f •: ·~ • :I: \· \_ l l l --l ··-J 1 ---. J ... 1 l -- Jl l -------1 J ) ] ] ;;. Tt,BLE A$"5 MEANS, STANDAf~I! ERROf(S, ANI! VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS (10M2) Cl F ····s r::: L E C TE:lf""SHRlm···spEC1 Eb"!TffiTVTiiiTr.iTJ.:V--f.!Nit--C 0 MB'I NEn--F·o·R---------~--·------~·-· ---·---r· " I I • • / SITE 16. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE· SIZE <NHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE DENSITY WITHIN 20/. OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE • --------~-----------~--------------·--------~-- ~) 4, •. ---·· .. --··" -------·-· -· --·-···----------- ·s-:::-·-------·-s·--------------------·--1r----------,rm;~r--~·nnt n~ X t: i ~ ~~-. ~-,;>,:_,_ ---. BETULA-GL1iNDUCmrf:i ! BETULA PAPYRIFERA 1. • -.-. 3-;-:r------"97--.·o··~- 0.7 4.8 0.6 :L7 i ·_ .... -.. ·i-··'' r·' .. I f.t UW ~; G 1 N U td' f.1 - ----- t :1 TOTAL ALL SPECIES ·--~--~----------·····---------·-····-·-2·; .. ·-.... ~~-···-----·-1: f 9 --------·-···· B. 3.7 13fL 8 --35~3- :---,~ro-------~1>-z 10 3U. 10 2~f9 -10 10 274. ----------..... 94 /~! SALIX PULCHRA " f ---. -- ---~~-_:-_ ·-:~-~-~-"·: -· ~---~ ~~-===~~--~=~~~=-=-=-~~ --............ ---.. ---.. ---...... -.... --.... --.................... -.... --""----.. --"" ...... -.. ---· "" "" ---- ! _____ .............,. __ ··----·------~----·----·--------___ , ____ ____,......_ ______ ------ ... " ., ,, ,, " ,, ~-··-· ···--···-----·--·-"" .. ·-------.. ----·-·-·~·-··-------..:....,__--~---~--·~----------!...---J --·--·--------·------·---· -····· ·-----....,.,-.-----,-..----,- T •'~f;L E A,5"/p TiEANS ;· STANii"ARir·ERRO Rrr;·-Al·m-·vA-RTANCES-FOR-STEI'1 COUNTs·· ( 1"0f-12T·---·--··-· -·----··-··-·----·· ---. OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR SITE 17. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE · B I ZE ( NHAT) ··1 s···THE···NUMBER~-aF--BA~1F'CI NG ... UN ITS "REQU 1 RED·-r 0 ··sr.-11'1Pt:"E"-THE·-----·-------.. --· -·-. ··- DENSITY WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE. ---~--~----~--~--~-........... ....,__..__.__~-----------..... ----~--~------~----"T-.:......----··· ...... ··-,.,·-·----------··--· ·-----.. --··--·--·-----·-·------------·--·------~------··-·------·. ~.: CATEGCJF:Y ( N ""' 10 > X S_ S N · NHAT WITHIN X ---------· --~-_,_ ___________ ,.__,,__..,.....____._. ____ ~~-~---------------~ ··------~---·--· ·------------------------·-··----------... _______ .. -----····-···--··-------·-----------------------~-----------------------~----·-... -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- BETULA PAPYRIFERA TOTAL ALL SPECIES 10 10 l. 1:1. 1 :L:l ~ ....... -........ ---·---··----------··--------~--~----------' ·-··--···------------·----· -··---· ······ ---~-·-... -,. -··---------....... .,. ·---~· ·-·~ ~-------~---------·~·-·· ···-•»"'"-···-·-··--·----------· -·-··---·-··· ----· . ··-· -. -· .. ---....... -·····---·--· -·--·--~--·-~-~-~ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------r'' ... 1 .. I J "'~------ui u l I "': 'I 1 l J -~~-~--~~------~--··--· --~-·~----- SPRUCE-BIRCH TYPE, N IS NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS, ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE DENSITY WITHIN 20Z OF THE MEAN WITH BOZ CONFIDENCE, . " ";--[~-.. ---,;A;L~~;~~~i~~i~:-~~~~~~A~~:~~~g~~~:~fr~~~~i~N~~g1g~~i~~r.~.~g~~i~-~~:-~-~~-~i:-~:-~-.=~-~:-.-·~---~----· ---------··-···---~--.. ·---~·-~-~--·-~· -·----__ , _____ .. ___ -~------.. -----------· .... ---"•·-··----------------------- ,..-:---. . i . ' ; ''I ---------------------------------,------------------ .~ CATEGOIU < N ·'" 20) X C' ::1 ... s X ·------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ BETULA GLANDULOSA BETULA PAPYRIFERA !'i(tL I;< I''Ul..CHH(J 1-iLNU!) ElNUrYI1i TOTAL ALL SPECIES 2. 1 I o. 1. 3. 1.6 0,6 0,] LO 2,0 49,9 20 530 6.2 20 16:5 1. 9 20 49{, 113 .1. 20 ~)62 79.3 20 144 WITHIN WN WNHAT 4B,49 113 523 (., • :52 16 166 .1.87 18 ·17 El I. 7. 67 lB ~'j 4b 7~-3.:52 1.8 LH n. o:.i ·L O~> 3.20 26 I A~-, 186.05 1 1 l 1 BNHAT B20 107 820 ~-~~. 820 ......_ 330 v .... ·~---V 1' ' I I . ' ' ' ' TABLE A$1 MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS <10M2) 0 F -~J E U:: CT E If--S'1·lRU £1--s FECI E S -rN If IIJTfi1Jf-1Ll--y-r~-N rc· CO H £1 rNEII .. FOR----------------··-----· ---------------------------__________ ...:.._ ___________ _ SITE 8. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE CNHATl IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE DENSITY 14 ITH IN zo·i:.-·ur:--THE-m::AN--~JITir· 80/~ "CCH·!F lDENCE i --·--------·--··· .. ···-·---··-·------·-------------··· ------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 --< ~r:: ---rn ______ ____:~----·x·--·--------~ s-~-.:.~ ----···----.. S ---------· ---. ---------· _N ______ ---------NH AT·--· W I TH IN --·--·t.m·------w N H A 1 X -----------------------------~--------------------------------------------------.. BETULA F'AF·YRI FERA~---------_ · -------r.--·--o-;b -----------·3·-;·7·-------------Tr-----·------lBT----~-------- SALIX PULCHRA 1. 0.9 9.1 11 313 SALIX ALAXENSIS 46. 8.2 748.2 11 15 . ?i L HUB G I H U f~ T r.~··. -------------------r'T-. -----6··;·4 ,:.--·-----··"'4 "5 r;z·--·--------------~---1·1-------·----·5·z------··----·-----------:- TOTAL i~LL SPECIES . 67. 5.9 387.8 11 4 ----------------------------~--------------------------------------------------~ ·--------· -------------------------'------·--·-·----···-·--·-···-·-·--·-· --------------------·-----------····-------------.... ,. ___ ·------·-- ·-.c .•.•••••• J ,J .... ,J .J '""~'" J J J J ._,.,,.I I J .. J .J i' I' ' ' ' ' l l l ] .. J . ... ·-··-·--·---· --··----- T f.IIH .. E A 59 H C:MH1 1. ·r:; TANDM~:n ·r::.:r.:F:OI~:£1 -;-M·ID v·Af.:Ti~NCEG. FOl;; STEH COUIHS <1OM2> . OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR SITE 9. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE :; I ZE <NHf..1T Y .. I ~r-i'FIE:--NUflrtf_::rr-llF'--!:.~MiPC.T."NG ·uNITS F~EQU I HED TO SAHPLE-THE :.--·---·---.. DENSITY WITHIN 20X OF THE MEAN WIT•i 80% CONFIDENCE • .... <N = 9) X C' \.)_. X .... , .. ... N · NHAT J ·--. . . -"' ----·-·-·. --. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- G(1L.IX PUI ... CHf~A 16. 4 • 0 143 • 4 9 2~~ Bt1L.I>: GL.r:1UCt1 l • 1 • 2 13 • ~3 9 2!Sl ~:;{iLIX Lf.,NI'-IT{I --··· ····------------···-··r. .. l 4 lB. 8 9 3!.)9 • ;:; (IL. I X ,:1Lf.1XENSI!3 1 :L • 4 • 5. 1.81 • ~:J 9 66 t1L.Nl..IB ~~ 1 NUf..1 T ~~~ 1 • o. 8 r.:' .Jt "1 ~· 9 2:1. (,, TOTt1L r~L.I... SPECIES. ··· ------· ·-------· .. _. ___ ·--~-3 r·;------·· ------------·-s·; ;s ---·· ...... 2?6.S' ~-9 .. ---·---·---·-· ... ~ -·· j':' ' .. J WNHf. :: ~-------------------·--· .... ---- ~~ li_ __ -·-·------------·-----·-~-~-}, :: ---------~---~---------------.. , --------------------------------------------------------------------------------" • TABLE A4D MEANS, STMHiflfHI ERf\ORS, AND VARIAUCEE FOR STEM COUNTS (10M2) OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR TALL -WILLOW--TYPE, -N -IS THE NutH!ER OF--UAMF'CING UNITS, -THE-"E!iTIIIATED--SA11PLE------·---------- SIZE (NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE . DENSITY WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH BOX CONFIDENCE, . r·--------------------...... ------· ---·-----------· .. -.: ::·.:. ::·.~ ~~::-.=::-::-=::-;-:-.-:-_-::· •. .:.·.:·::~:-::-::-::·:::-: ::=::-::::;-:::~=::-:::. -.. ----c::--~-= .:·.:-::·.:· ••• : ;_-·· ---------------·------------- -I r I 2 ~'--------~ATEGORY __ <N_~---~-~> --------X 5:;----~----------__________ N·--------~~~_!----~~TH!~~----WN _ B /. 1\ I -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sf1LIX PULCHRA B. 2,5 124.8 20 82 68.130 1B SALIX GLAUCA 1, 0.6 6.1 20 595 5.90 1B WNHAT 336 46 573 IIMS N= 2 4.09 1133.34 10.33 I!N 1 1 1 BNHAT 671 ( 744 1002 l BETULA F'f.II''YF\IFEF\A 1. 0,3 2,2 20 354 2.05 18 -----------·-------------------------------------------------------- ;>(,LJX r----· ·· ., ·rx ·,_ ;.H.·l .... . , ALNUS :j_ ____ ! OT {;L J - u,t.t r, 1 ri (;L;;XUlci l S S I HUt, T (-, ALL SF'ECIES -~-------------------·-------------------1 ----·---~--~---~----------- 1' 0.6 8.4 20 820 8.35 ·---~·-·:ro-. ---6 ;·r--~nro. 5 ----2(}~----36 ----49/, ;:H 11. 4.0 324.1 20 112 253.00 51~ s,a 667.7 20 11 338.54 --.. , . ----------------------------------. ·-----·-·· ·-., .. -·-·· ·· ··r --·--~--I-····--··--· -r-··"'--I-----_-I··-·· .1 18 810 10.33 · -re---2-:r-----o~J 18 88 1603.80 18 6 6592.81 ---~-------- J 1 1 1 1 1002 :.!81 553 105 I· i ! r i I' I 1 ~\ II~(~.·:·····--• ... ,.,. .... --.-"--·---------------------~---------------------- 1 TABLE A41 MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS <10M2> '· ll -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- .... .._ ______________ ..._ ___ ~· -~~ ------·--------------~~-------· OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND CO~BINED FOR SITE :1.2 ~ . w·Ts: .. THE-H\HfBER---OF""''SAHFLTITG-··mu TS ;· --ri .. IE ·r:.sT I t1ATEIJ SAt1PLE .. ·----·--· . SIZE CNHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE DENSITY WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE, -~----·---·------·····--·---·----------------.----·····---~----------------------··-·--·-·· ----~---··· ---·-· .. -~ ·-·-.... ~ ·---------· ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Ct1TEGOhY < N ;::: :1.0) X BETULA GLANDULOSA 51. Bf.lL.IX F'ULCHi-\·A·······-··--·-···---------·----·-14.-- SALIX GLAUCA O. SALIX LANATA 10. TOTAL ALL SPECIES 5 .. X C' ~> 2 8. 2. 6 6-;. 8 ~~. 0 ------. 2 4 6. 1 0.2 0.5 4.4 1 (rB. o 7'1"\ • 7 t.d.B.a N NH,{1 T 10 1.1. .. ----·----· T 0 ---· .. -·----'5 :1. 10 20(! :lO 10 WITHIN I..!N WNH(. '' ; ' i -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- TABLE A'l MEANSr STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS C10M2) OF f!EL..EC:TED SHFWP. ·sPECTES-lNDIVIDUALL.y-M~D C01·HliNED FOf~ SITE 13. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE DEN G I TY WITH fN ·2-oz ·oF THE --t'iEAtr~JITH 80/~·-com--T DENCE • ----------------- ,., ,; .. C(1TEGDF~Y .. -... x--------····e------~ ·-. ----N -------NH?iT--IH n-1 IN WN--WNHA ,... . ;:) DETULf-1 GLANDLJLOSA---. - f:l(:,LJX F'U! ... CHRf' BM.IX GL.t!'-!IJC?i TOTAL ALL SPECIES ------· ------------------·--~ 1 •. 4. 3. "49. -- X ---·1 J. • 6 1 • 9 1 • 4 12. 1 1.356.9 10 3:5 :57. ~5 10 87 20 • 1 10 86 :1.465.8 10 26 ,. ------------------------------------------------------------~------------------- .I .... J . J -······ -----·---~-------- ---I ------1 J J • • ~ ... , '"' -~-----------· -"-----···-------------- • TABLE A'3 MEANSr STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS (10M2) t) V .... s E Ci:: c:fE D -1Hm t.f£15 F' E c TE8--ft1 (I fiJif.iTJ A LCY_A_t-HI-·t~rfH i3:t ifE: n·-r:· m~;·-----~-------------------------------·---------· SITE 4, N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE T~E •. i ' ' I • f 1. ·· Dr:. N s :c r y··-~rrrnnl-2 <>!cnrr HrHEA_Fr_t~TTT1-n-ox-'r.onr-ru EN c E"·; -~-------·--------------------------------------~-------------- e:··· ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------. . 2 i · U1 T E G Of;;'{ ----nr-::::--··nrr·-----~-----~---x------------g =.:-----------...... S .. ____ .. ________ _._________ tr------------·mrA T -·--~--. WI T H I N ---1rm . --w t •!", X ! ' ! --------------------------------------------------------------------------------! · l:lETULf-1 'GL..t\N!ilJ[UB'fi----~---------------s:[-, ~--------o-;2-------"3fl4 ;-9-----------,----ro------------·----------7----------------~------·-------------------~-.! ,.. ;~~L:x PULCHr~A ~:;o. 8.1 663,8 · 10 1::! I :: l :~ ~~1-r -~~ \~ ll·Hi ~Ap· EC IE c·--------------..::...·--------·1·-·o-89 ~----·----·• 40 ~-61 ------· ~ --~1-~ 8 1 •-! .. ------------~--------!-~---------------~-0,~ -------------... --------------' .J I ... H .... ~1 _,, ... ~) t J. • J ••• 1. ,-, J.\1 •t • "I . I I --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- :: ---------------f:>t f ---·----~---~-~--------~-------------·-......___ ______ ~------------~-----..... ~-_______________ , _____________ ____. __________ ----·-~-~-------------------------------·,"' ~~~! ; I'. l I,,: '-----~--------~~~~~~=·_:__c· ·.:o__:· ·=· .......................... . • ,,, ~ t ! ~-- ,, I • ~ ~-I • --,_ -----------------·-------------------------·--------··---·--·---· ....... -·-··-···-·---·--··----------·-·-·----·-··---·-··---·-·-........................ ····---·--·----------·--.. . -................. -----------.. --~- --------------------------~~---------------------------------------------------- TABLE A'¥ MEANS, STANDARD E~RORS, AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS <10M2) 0 F SELE CTED---"S'FfRUB·--sPETTE s-·'1 NDTVrtrtrATTY--A ND-C0t1B"I N En···-FoR--.. ----------~--·::--------·-·--------------··· .. --.-· ............................... ---------·---~- SITE 5. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE CNHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE DENS I TY-lJ IT HI n--2·o·r.·-oF--TH E-li E t-IN·-·wTTH--U'(!T.-·cuNF1 D ENCt.---------··----------------------------------·---. ·---·-·---··----~· Ct-1T EGDF(( ----·--nr:~.;--·-roy-··---------------x----·----------·s:·-------S ------··-·-----...... ---· ----fr-~------NH Ar--.. ---wITHIN"--wn-·-wmm X DE T 1.1 l1~ G LA HDUL01Irl-----~--· G1~L I X F'ULCHRA '82-;-----r2--;a·---·--·ro5o;o·--···---------·--ro·--------------ro--·-·---------------.. -----.. ------------- 2B. 4.6 211.2 10 11 TOTAL ALL SPECIES 111. 13lB 1907.6 10 7 ·-----····-----------------------~· :.......: . .:. _ _,__ ___ ~-------··-··· "' -~-----------~--------·· . ---------·--·-· ------------------------···-·· ----··-··. . .... ----· -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ~ .. .... ----~------· .I ... j .• --~ j .: ....... J ,,,,., .. u .. J .. ..I ·-~c,' .. l ... l ... I .. .... .... I j .. .. I .. J J J ...... ~ ... ~J ... ] 1 ····-. -·-·-···· ----·-·--·------- j • ', ...•... _. ......... _____________ _ -------------.. ····--·--·---·--.. --~-· ---------···· l -.~: ~~ ~~;~ ~--il~5-~-;~ ~~~~~-~-; ~ ~~~~~~ ~~ ~~--~ ~~~ ;) ;~~ ·;-~ ~~~~~--~ ~~~~,~ ~~ ~~ ~-~ ~;~ --; ~ ;.~~ --~~~~~~ ;·· -~-~ ~~ ;·; -------------.... '-..... -~-----....-··~~-.... -.. -----------~--------· ........ ~·--------·~-....---~---------------- OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR ) ~:;I TE 6 ~· .. Tl ... ! s-Tnr.:,-··nUH[·fl:lr·crr;;t.iMPrTHD-·UNITS·~---THE-E:S T I flf) TED --sr.,I-1F'[E' ______ ----. --····--------------··---·---·-------------- SIZE <NHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE DENSITY WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE, . ------~~~---··· -----------~----·-------"·~~-----------------------···--------· -.-... ------·-.. ····· ... -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ;::: (I T E G 0 F: Y BETULA GLANDULOSA GtlL I X FULCHRf-1 ::lf.ll..IX GL.r.,ucr.., TOTAL ALL SPECIES ,, ..... · .. X -.. ---.. ·-X ... ll9t 6.0 . 366.0 . -......... ·-----------17~-----~ --·-. 3. 7' ........ "1:36. 0 89. - -. --· -·· ·---------------~--. ~---------··--~ .. -~---· ---.. .. -· ----. -----·-· ----- N NHAT 10 4 1 o--· ---...... -1. 9 lO 127. 10 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- WITHIN WN . _._ .. -·-·-·-··-----·----. --· . ·--···----·-· ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------TABLE A,, MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS <10M2) OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY ANn COMBINED FOR SITE 7. l·riS THE--NUMBER OF" SAt·1PLING UNITS • THE ESTitMTED. S?I1'1F'L.C- SIZE <NHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE DENSITY WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE. ---~----·-· ·-·-··----·-.. -.. ---... ·--·----·--~-----.. -----·-------·------------------------------~--------------------------------------------------- 2 c,~lTEGOF~Y <N = 10) X S ... N NHAT WITHIN WN WNHAl X BETULA GLANDULOSA 23. 6.2 ~:; r.:, Ll >: F' U L. C H H A --------------~----~------------6·-;--------] .-·r ··-. Gf.II ... IX GL.?tUCf.l 12. 6iO··· Bt1L.IX L.r.iN(tTA 25. 6.13 TDHll ... t1LL. f:!PF.CIES ------····----~----· -bti~· ·9.0 :58:1..7 12.0 36:L6 456.6 812.7 10 3() ·ro --------·-·--ro· ---·-------- 10 1?9 10 :~() l 0 'S ~ ------··-~----· .. I l ' ' ! . ] . -) 1 1 0 -··----·~-----. -••r-•-·•-• ~·-•-•-••-•·-·-•••·---·--···~~ •• • •••··--• --·--·-•-• -------------~••••••-••-••-·----------~·-------------------M·--·-----~----------··------------··------------ TABLE A'7 MEAHS, STANDARD ERRORS. AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS C10M2J UF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR OPEN LOW DWARF [{IRCH·-WILLOW. N 18 THf: tlUtiEtEf~-OF SAMF·UNG-UIHTs.·· ~THE ESTIMATE[! GAt1F'LE SIZE CNHATl IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE DENSITY WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE. -------------·------···----------------·----------·--------------------·--------------·------··-----------·----·-·----- 2 Cf.ITEGDf\Y <N ~' 601 X N NHAT BETULA GLANDULOSA 53. 4.3 109{,.2 60 17 St1LIX I'"Ul..CHI:;{, 20. --2 4 7 444.8 60 47 StiLI X Gl.AUU1 3. 1. 2 81.0 60 ~~53 sr,ux L (d~A T ,·, 7. 1.9 208.7 60 164 TOTAL ALL SF"ECI£5 -83. -~--4 ~ 9 ~-1465-; 5 . "60 ·~ ~-9 J WITIIIN WN WNHAT IIMS N" 6 BN B~HlAT 901.23 54 12 4281.75 5 63 217.73 54 23 67.76 54 296 ~-28'17~6'1" 5. 300"~ 223. "71 5 975 ( 137.66 54 :LOB 97~.43 5 764 1051.30 54 "7 -··· 5938.31 ·--5 .. -~-:ro-~ -, ... , _______________ ~-~ . .,·~·-··"'-·-··---··--·--~ -·--------~-·--· -----~--~-----········. --····-······-···. -·· ............ ···--··--······-··--·---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------TABLEA'K MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS C10M2) OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR f.1ITF 3. N IS THE-NlH1BEF: ·oF. SAr-1F'I...ItfG UNITS. THE FSTII1ATED SM1F'LE SIZE <NHATJ IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE DENSITY WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE. CtiTEGDFo:Y ( N :::: 9) X s "" .. X t' '·' 2 N NHAT SALIX PULCHRA 94. 15.3 2104.4 9 10 WITHIN WN i_..INHAT T D HH.. ALL SF'EC IEH . "-------.. -----. -----94·; . ··----~~i ;3 ,:·.· .. 21 Olf~ -4 ... .. . . ----· ------·rr·-----.. ---l 0 ·----·-.. ) J ""-~ 'G' . J .. j I / 1 ·-·------------·------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- TABLE A~' MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS <10M2> OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR OPEN LOW WILLOW TYPE, N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNfTS. THE ESTIMATED-SAMPLE SIZE CNHAll IS THF NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE DENSITY WITHIN 20X OF THE MEAN WITH BOX CONFIDENCE, ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 .• --·--------·------· ------------··---··------~---- L CMEGOf\'1' <N "' 9) X 5 NIJAT WITHIN WN WNUAT IH1S N:=: 1 BN BtiUAT -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sf.1LlX F'ULCHf;:r., TOTAL ALL SPECIES 94. 94, 15.3 15.3 2104.4 2104.4 9 9 10 2104.36 10 21.04,;S6 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6 0 10 10 o.oo o.oo o- o 1 l ·----~ - j, __ _ - - r r i f l APPENDIX B Browse Pilot Study APPENDIX B -TH1E TO ESTH1ATE DENSITY 2 2 2 Means, standard errors, and variances for 1-m , 4-m , and 10-m plot size ·-density time estimates. Time to count stems of each shrub species and move between plots is presented by site. Sites are grouped into level IV -vegetation types. Estimated sample sizes for times are not used. '~ ... ...... ·····--,.,,_ .......... _._.__,.., ____ , ___________ ~_......._ ... ~~-------.... -.---------------------....-· --~----···-,._ ______ ,_,,,_ . --·----····------~--__ .... _. __ I I ------------------------------~-------------------------------------~------------ TABLE A' MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES (1 M2> OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR SITE 10~ N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE •<4<, --~•''••···--·-·----... -·OA0o _____ .. ___ ,.. _____ ._ ............ ,..... ....... _____ , ______________ _... __ .,. ___ '<_, _______ ._.. ____ .__.,. ________________________ ,..,_ ... ___ .,, .. -·------···-~·--- SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITri REQUIRED TO ~AMPL~ THE TIME: w rrH rw·-~rox-orrne:--·ln~·i\lr-urrn-·erox-·coNr-r nrNcr::; · ------·------...... _. ______ · ----··-----------.. -· --·--·-··--··-----· -2 CAT E G 0 RY .. --"'TN -=--.. --1-<lf________ ,-. --x----. -------s::--. -~----··s~~-----------------w--:----·-""N HAT----.. -'WITH 1 N" --w N .. ----y N HAT X BETULA GLANDULOSA -TSEC f------------22. --· --.... 3 • 2 --104.2 --................ -. ---TO .. -----------... 9 . BETULA PAPYRIFERA CBEC) 1. 0.2 0.3 10 11 SALIX PULCHRA CSEC) B. , 2t4 58.7 10 35 SAL I X GL AUCA C SEC 5 -··-----· ---·--·--. ·2 .---·-·-------------·1 ,1·;·:---.... --·-12 ~-2 -~-------ro·-·-------· -----To 4-- SALIX. LANATA <SEC> 2. 0.4 1.3 10 20 SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC) 1. 0.2 0.5 10 az· ALNlJS SINUATA CSEC) ---~·-······-··--·-1. 0.2 0.2 . 10... 20 MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS (SEC> 57. 12.6 1596.9 10 20 TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOVE 94. 13.0 1691.2 10 -· ··-------------·--------·------·--·--,------------~--~--... ·-----~--4------· ---~--------------------------------------------------------------------~-------1 -. ····-.. .. . . -·---------------------------------------------------------------------------------TABLE 81 MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS• AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES C1 M2> OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR SITE 11 f' N lS--lHE ___ NUMiiER-OF'-SAMF'LI NG-UNITS. THE EST I MATED SAMPLE-. ---- SIZE CNHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE TIME WITHIN 20Z OF THE MEAN WITH BOX CONFIDENCE. CATEGORY (N = 10) X s_ X 2 s N NHAT ------------------------------------------------------------------------·------- BETULA GLANDULOSA <SEC> 13. 3.5 125.6 10 33 BETULA F'AF'YR I FERA (SEC> . ··~----· . --·-· .. 1 • 0.2 0.2 10 20 SALIX PULCHRA <SEC> 2. 0.7 5.0 10 47 SALIX GLAUCA <SEC> .., -.... 1 t 3 . 18.2 10 187 SALIX LANATA <SEC) .. ________ ,.._._, -----·-·-~· f~-.. ----·-.. ·--· ·-0.2 0.3 10 ---46 SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC> 1. • 0.4 1.4 10 73 ALNUS SINUATA <SEC> 1 • 0.2 0.3 10 46 MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC) . i43. 74.9 5"6164. 5 10 114 . TOTAL TIME PER PLOT w MOVE 162 • 73.3 53781.3 10 -.1 .. ~ WITHIN WN WNHI ' ---·· --_,._ ··--- TABLE 63 MEANS, STANDARD ERRORSr AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES (1 M2) OF SELECTEII SHRUB SF'ECl ES i NIHfJIIIUALLY ___ AN[I--COMtitNED-FOR •WOODlAND ·[lt.:·ACK~ WHITE SPRUCE·TYPE, N IS NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE <NHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE TIME WITHIN 20X OF THE MEAN WIT•i ·aox··coNFibENCE-, ---·-------· - -2 I . CATEGORY <N = 20) . --)( _______ s:: --s ---------------N ~ ---NHAT --WITHIN . WN WNHAf----yjfolS-N=--2--DN--nNHAl .•;i .; :it··{;,~f: X BETULA GLANDULDSA <SEC) 17. ··--------2.6 133.1 20 -19 114.89 BETULA PAF'YRIFERA (SEC) 1. 0.1 013 20 16 0.28 SALIX PULCHRA (SEC) 51 1.4 4016 20 61 31.85 SALiX GLAUCA <SEC) ... ___ -· ----2~-------o ;·a···-------14 ;4··----------20 --134------15120 SALIX LANATA <SEC) 1 I 012 1. 1 20 39 o~a1 SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC> 1. 012 1 I 0 20 81 0197 ALNUS SHWATA <SEC) ---1-;--·. ---• 0 I ~-----···--0 t 3 ---20 29-0.26 HOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS (SEC) 100. 38.3 29270.9 20 121 28880170 TOTAL TIME f'ER PLOT w HOVE 128. 3711 27482.6 20 27736125 ----·-····-· ---~-----·--. ....... ·-··· --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 18. 16----------46-0.BO~---c63 1a 15 o.ao 1 41 18 48 198145 1 295 19--l!\2 0.20 1 z---,-. 18 28 7.20 1 244 ;~~ 18 81 o.8o 1 67 'i 18 ---3o o-;:zu-r 2:3----- 18''119 36295.20 1 149 18 22916.45 1 ----------------·-----,.. .... · _______ .... i. ·, l TABLE $1./ -. ME AN s ~--sf AN t•ARfi-ER.rdJR-s-;--A ~~ [1-·l..fA RIAN CES --r.:o I~ -i' I HE s .. ( i M2T ____________________________ .. ___________ ... ---l. -· OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR ·SITE 14~ N IS THE NUMBER-OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE < NHAT > IS THE "HiJMB.f(Ff" .. OF--Si-!MF'L IN.G ··uNitS f~EQU I RED t 0. SM1PLE . 'rHE·-·-· ......... -·-·· --·· ·-··-·· ---.......... ·····-. ---·--·-----·-- TIME WITHIN 20% OF THE. MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE. -2 CATEGORY <N = 10> X fL s N : NHAT WITHIN WN WNHP X BETULA GLANDULOSA <SEC> 23. 3.6 129.1 10 11 BETULA PAPYRIFERA <SEC> 1. 0.2 0.3 10 17 SAL I X F'ULCHRA (SEC) _____ .. ___________ ~---·-----------------2 .. ~-.. -------------~~------0, ~( ---------------~!'~-0 . -----··ro -----······ -----3 3 SALIX GLAUCA (SEC> 1. 0.3 0.9 10 76 SALIX LANATA <SEC) 1. 0.2 ... 0.2 10 20 SALIX ALAXENSIS. (SEC)---·----·--··--·--~--1·~------·-.. ----o;;c·-----·-·--()';8 ... . -------'10 --------------.. 39' . --·---··--..................... . ALNUS SINUATA <SEC> 1. 0.2 0.3 10 46 MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS (SEC> 58. 10.9 1189.6 . 10 15 TOTAL TIME PEr~ PLOT w·HOVE·----·-··-----86~··--·----11.5 1319.6 10 I --~---~""-------------·~ -··--~--~------·. ------·······--.. ··--..-.---·---·----. --·--------~--,- ~.1 _J r ) l -~ } J e: ~~~~~~-8?-~~A~;:-~~A~~A;~~-~~~~;;·~-A;..~-~~;-~A~~~;--;~~-~~~~;-~~-~;;----··----------- oF . SELECTE:t(··sH~UII···sr·EC :t E:S--TNiat V lCIUALLY --ANI! COM It I NED. FOR -... . . .............. ···-·-····----, -· -··--- • SITE 15i N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE T! ME: WITHIN-201.·-or-· TH'E .. MEAN·-w ITH ... ISO%-CONFI DENCE ·; ................ ------------------------··------------------·-··········--------------.~----·----- • -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -2 CATEGORY · · < w ·=-·Tor-·---·--·--:~. ----·--x ·· -···--·----·----s_ --------· --·--s · X ------------------------------------------~------------------------------------- BETULA PAPYRIFERA <SEC> 1. 0.2 0.3 10 31 SALIX F'ULCHRA <SEC> 6. 2.7 75.0 10 89 SALIX GLAUCA (SECT------·--·------···---------------r·~-----.------0.1_________ 0.2······· ------··1o .. ··-·--··-·-----···--r2···--·· ...... -------------·-------------- SALIX LANATA (SEC> O. 0.2 0.3 10 69 SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC) 1. 0.2 0.3 10 31 ALNUS SINUATA <SECf___________ f~ ---6-~2 .......... --0~2 ............ ·ro· . ·------··---····-20-----------------~--------·-·-·-------·- MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS (SEC) 90. 19.7 3892.9 10 20 TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOVE 124. 20.7 4270.2. 10 --·-----······-~ .. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ~ i . . , f 1': ' ' I : .. · l : ·'; j . . .............. ,_ ........ _ .... -.. -.-------------·--·--------------·---·----·--··--·-------.. ------··-·----·-________ ,_, _____ .............. ______ _ TADLE 8' MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES (1 H2) OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR .\ SITE 1 B .1.--.. ·----N---·r-s --·tHE: _____ NUMF.{ Et~--·llF·---···sA H-F~-L I Ntr·~-UN t T s·~-----T •·IE: EST I MAT E:If-·sA-MF·L·E~--~-·---------------------------.. -------..... _____ -··· ---------------------·------------------ SIZE <NHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE TIME WITHIN 20~ OF THE MEAN WITH 80~ CONFIDENCE. ---··· --··-. ---. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 CATEGORY <N = 10) X s_ S N NHAT WITHIN WN WNH1 ••• ••••·· -•'' • •• ···•·•-------~---··-•••--··•-· •-•·------------·-···-----·-•· ••••·--~--•--•-•---~-~-·• XT""-·-·---•·:·--· -•· ·••-•~-•-··----·-·--··• ·--,.,_ -·•·•·•-•·--•-••-------·••••••-·-·-·--------h--r-·-y-•••••-·••··•······--····•·•-""··--·-·--... BETULA GLANDULOSA CSEC> 21. 4&3 183.8 10 :1.8 BETULA PAF'YIHFE:RA (SEer··---.. -----·-----·1 ~--······ ..... O.l ... . 0.2 10 12 . SALIX PULCHRA <SEC) 12, 3.4 114.3 10 36 SALIX GLAUCA <SEC> 2. 0~4 2.0 10 21 SAL IX .LANA fA-(SECT··-·----------.. ---.. ----~-~------·--0~3--· --·---··o ~ 8 --------·-----1--0 ---·~---.----------'3 9----------------------· ...... ,.------·-r'--"'·-·--·-------· -~ SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC) 1, 0.5 2.1 10 72 ALNUS SINUATA CSEC> 1. 0.1 0.2 10 12 MOVE TIME 9ETWE£N PLOTS--~SECf.. 49. 14.5 2110.4 10 36 TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOVE 87, 15.8 2485.2 10 ......__ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------'-J .................... ·------~-~--.. -- l --.. J -· _ ... .1 .I I • el·_ ,. ' • • • ·-l l -J TABLE f>1 MEANSI--STA}ltii!IIUf E:r~RORS,--ANO ·vARIANCES r:oR TIMES ( 1 M2>·--- 0F SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR SITE 19~ N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMnTED SAMPLE ·····-··----··-·· --~·---1 I SIZE . < NHA il -~ S. ·rH e:-·N UM nE R OF -·s AMF'L 1 N G-UNIT s··R E QUI REn-·r a···sAt-1 F' LE--THE~-------·------·--·-------· ······----·------·---~-----___, TIME WITHIN 20~ OF THE MEAN WITH 80~ CONFIDENCE. -CATEGORY ( N = . 10) X S-s N NHAT WITHIN WN W~ X ••••-•-•••• -·•• ---··---·-·~·-·~---,A-••._ooo.--.,,,,,. ••-•• ''''" ••••-···-•-•0••-•''' • •••' •·•· --~ '''"'-··•-----•-••··o•••-•·-••••·•-••••••···•--~-----···~•·•••••••··--_...o., .• ,, •• __ ,,_.,,,.,,,,, ,,,_,,--~--•••••-• ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------BETULA GLANDULOSA (SEC) 27. 9.3 874.2 10 50 BETULA PAPYRIFERA <SEC> 1. 0.2 0.3 10 46 SAL I X PULCHf~A. ( SE·c·r·----~-·----------------6-~ .. ~--·---·--2-. 7 . -·· ----··· 7 i -~-7 -----------·---.... ---1 o·-------·-----.... -.... -.. -aS ---------··-· .......... ~-·---·· .. ----·--- SALIX GLAUCA (SEC> 1. 0.2 0.3 10 31 SALIX LANATA <SEC) 1. 0.2 0.3 10 46 SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC) 1. 0.1 0.2 10 12 ALNUS SINUATA (SEC> O. ~.2 0.2 10 107 MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS (SEC> 66. 7.7 590.0 10 6 · TotAc ·rrH£·-·rE:R · ·r-:·cof-w---HOVl~:-----Tor;-------·------A~-~-------------194 ~-9 · -· ·------·--·-.. ·1o ··· --··-··---------------·· -· --------------------------------------------~----------------------------------- .. TABLE 68 MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES (1 M2> OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR•WOODLAND BLACK• SPRUCE•TYPE. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAHPLING UNITS, THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE TIME WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH BOl CONFIDENCE. -·--· ··-···--·-. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 CATEGOr<Y (N = 40) x s_ 5 N NHAT -------------------X - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------BETULA GLANDULOSA <SEC> 24. 2.7 285.3 40 21 BETULA PAF'YRIFERA <SEC) 1. . ---------0.1 0.3 --. 40 23 SALIX PULCHRA <SEC) 6. 1.4 73.4 40 78 SALIX GLAUCA <SEC> 1 • 0.2 1.1 40 43 SALIX LANATA <SEC) f ;---------0 ;T ___ --0 ~-4 --------------4 0 ------~--------42-- SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC> 1 • 0.1 o.8 40 46 ALNUS SINUATA (SEC) 1. 0.1 0.3 40 32 HOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC) 66. .. .... ---?.i· 2030.4 40 20 TOTAL TIME PER F'LOT w MOVE 99, 7.3 2149.8 40 -----~---~----------------'---'-"":'-t'---1. WITHIN WN WtiHAT BMS N= 4 BN BNHAT 303.00 36 22 72.96 3 6 0.26 36 22 --o. 33------3 ------2a---l 65.74 36 70 164.76 3 175 o.e4 36 33 4.29 3 168 -----0. 39 36 ---41 ---------o·-;-w 3 .. ...---------:--'-! o.83 36 47 0.43 3 25 0.23 36 29 0.49 3 61 1945.72 36 19 3046.43"" __ 3 ___ ---29- 2067.49 36 3137.27 3 -----1 J ·---~) -~ -· ' I . :·.· '' i I ~ .• ; j I" ··!:; • ' "'1.: p ; I .. -J ------·-· ---------.... .. -------·---------·~---------.----·--· ···~-·-------.. , ---·----·----·-· --------------·-·------ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- TABLE 89 MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES C1 M2) OF SELECTED. ·-S}iR.U:E~ --s·F·Et I ES --~-~ Nifl VI t1U-AL-L Y .. AND-. COMB I NEir FOR _______ ..... ---------..... _-··----------------~----------- SITE 16 •• N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE CNHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UN1TS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE T I t1 E W I ·t H i ff --2 o·r.--.... --o F ·-·-;f'Hl: --M E A N"J/fl Tlr·-·a ·o r.-·--·c 0 N F 1 il ~ N .. C E .. -;--------·-_,_ ________ -------~-.. --~------------~--------~----·----------~----~--··-------------------------------------------~--- -2 CATEGORY ( ~~ .. ;·······f <rr-···------------------·-;c ··-···· ---·---------·s:... ... --------·-s --------···· -·· --·-·-----N----------· -·-'NH AT--------tJ I THIN ----w N -----w N H X BETULA G LAN DLJL cHfA·-·-nrEtl~--. -----9-;----. -. --2~-.r ·-s·~r; 4-------------i--o·--------------------3 o···-.. :-------------...... ------~·----··c---------,----- BETULA PAPYRIFERA <SEC) 2. 0.9 8.8 10 100 SALIX PULCHRA CSEC) 1. · 0.2 0.3 10 31 SALIX GLAUCA <SEC>""·-----------.. -----·------{;··-----·------·-o.2·---·----····o.3 ··---10·-------------3:1. SALIX LANATA <SEC> 1. 0.2 0.5 10 12 SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC> 1. 0.4 1.7 10 57 ALNUS SINUATA CSEC) 2. 0.5 2.5 10 35 MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC> 104~ 60;7 36810.4 10 140 TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOVE 120. 62.5 39079.0 10 r-:-;· -----. ·= : .. :.-:.:..::. :..;· ..::.:.-..::.·:..;·.: :::::::::.-=:.-==-=-=-=-==-==·==--=-=-=-~-..:-::-.:-=:.-=·=-==-:..-=~=-::::-::·=-===-:::..;·:::.:.:·.:: .::·===--.: ::::::-.:::.:-::.:·::·::-:...-_-::·::;;.-:.-:.----------------------------· -~ ~-~ ""'-J -~ -----·----· ··-··----------·-__ _., --·· -··· -__ .,... __ -·----··--· ------------------. -····· ... '""'"''---------.. . ---· -. ---...... --· -· ·-------~~----·-····--.---------·------------- ---·-------------'''''" '. ' ~ . j I i t --------------------------------------------------------------------------------TABLE BIQ MEANS, OF SELECTED SITE 17. N SIZE (NHAT> TIME WITHIN STANDARD ERRORSr AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES <1·M2) SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR i 8 .. THE . NUt1IiER ·oF ··sAMF'L I NG -Ut4 i lS. . THE EST l MA TEti.-SAHF·LE . ----·-···-.. ·-·-· IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE . . 20~ OF THE MEAN WITH 80~ CONFIDENCE. I l_ ------·--···· -------· ---~--------------.. --------·-----·-··-----~--.----~~-.,._,____________________ .. ·-. ----'"' ---.... -------·. ... ------------~--"•··--------------... ~---.. ~-----------~----·····-· -~--~-~ ..... I , I· i -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ·--;' , ! cATEGDf<Y <N = 10> x s_ I'· j ····~ ~-·----····----··-········~----··-·--···-··--·-·-···---······--··-··x .... ··-··-·-······ 2 s N NHAT -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 1 ,· .. ·'·I ErETULA GLAN[tULOSA (SEC) 3 • 0 • 8 5.7 10 30 /!:1 m~r~~m~!:m~:sm-------r:·------n -... n -----H -----~r WITHIN 1J--=~~~~ :~mh\;:!E~~------------r:·--n T~ ---:r · ~ l ···· 1-·-·-·MOVE-· T HiE. BETIJE:EtrF'COlsfS.ECT·---·--53 .--------·---11 ~ b -·--·-·-. t 336. 1 . -··-·-··1 0 ---····--· ·--· -·-20 ·-···-··----··· -· TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOVE 60. 11.7 1366.5 10 -.. -··· --·····-··-----·-···-·--·--------------~~ ] I 1 J l • •• .] t '·-·~,I .. ;,] ·,~ .I l J ·--~~ J WN WNHA J ] -~~ -~--~-------~---~---~--------.,.--1 TABLE $1/ MEANS• STANitARD ERRORS• AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES < 1 M2> .. OF SELECTEI• SHRUB. si'=·EtiE:s -Hii:i iiJffiiJALL'rAt·lfn:cHID i NED FOR .t.oi>E''"N~H""I .... X""'EW ______ ...... . ... -·-· ----~------------------+ . SPRUCE-BIRCH TYPE, N IS NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS, ESTIMATED SAMPLE : SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE l TIME WITHIN 20Y. OF THE MEAN WITH BOX CONFIDENCE. -----·= ~ =--~~-~ :_-:_:_:...:_~-=: ~.-:.-:-------:-:---:_~ =-=::_::_-_:::.:-.::_::__::::~-------------=--=-=-~..:.::.::_~~==-=--=-~-~-:.~ =-~:--=.-.:. -'-------. . .. __ ,. __________________ ··--- -2 CATEGORY---.. TN = 20 > . ·-···-·---·x-~----5:--·-------·s ···-----~-----·t.r-·-. -----··NHAT ______ WITIUN . WN. ---IJNHAT X .BETULA GLAtHIULi:JSA (SEC) ----6 ·;·-·------r;A _____ ---39; ,------20 48 31.58 18 38---···----186~ os -·--r----223 BETULA PAPYRIFERA <SEC> 1 • 0.5 4.9 20 103 4.88 . 18 102 5,oo 1 105 ·. SALIX PULCHRA <SEC) 1 • 0. 1 o,J 20 29 Oo27 18 SALIX GLAUCA <SEC> 'i. 0.1 ---1 0.2 20 15 0.18 19 3.1 -o.oo 1 o 14 .. 0. 45 _____ ~----~33---1 SALIX LANATA <SEC> 1 • 0.2 o.s 20 22 0.46 18 19 1.80 1 74 SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC> 1 • 0.2 1. 0 20 65 Oo97 18 ALNUS .. s i NUAt A--(SEC;-... ·---------·-·-r;---·-----·o; 3------1 ;·s --···--·-·-·· ----2 0 ---. ----39 1.32 18 62 loBO 1 116 35 4~os---~----nl7...-----l HOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC> 78. 30o6 18745.8 20 125 19073.25 18 127 12852.45 1 86 TOTAL TIME PER PLOT w MOVE 90. 31.7 20093.1 20 20222.72 18 17760,80 1 .................. ~ ~----··· ... --------~--- • It!' [ ~· I • \. r···r· ' I • ! ·~.· ·/' ;.~ .,L--.. I "i . '"; 1 n! l ,· ..... ! .. , ! TABLE 6/1-MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES ( 1 ,,M2> oF s E:"L E t T E rl·-~-S llffUiC---··s·F;·E·c-·I .E S---i-f\fii -~-v--i ·n-ITA[_[_Y_A.N'II-·--·ctfM1.l·:r·N E ri --F-oR ... ---------______ .. -----~--.. ----------------------------~------------------------------------------~---~-- sr TE 8 • N IS THE NUMI-«ER OF SMff'L ING UNITS • THE EST I MATED SAMF'LE SIZE <NHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE T I ME .. W IT 1-i I 'tT'-2(f% .. OF-·T-HE-H EAN-Wl t H-··ao·r.-c··aN Fli:IE N t E: ~--.. -·------··----... -----·-· ----··----·--······ ..... _ .................. _ ............ --·----·-·-------.. ·-- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CATEGOf{Y <N = 9) X s_ X 2 s N NHAT WITHIN WN WNH --·-·------·------· ····--------------------··-----c'-----'- ·--·---·---------~----------.. ------------.... -.. .. ------------------------~--·-------.. -------------~~~-'--'- -------------------------------~------------------------------------------------ BETULA F'AF'YRIFERA (SEC> 3 • 1 t 0 9 • 5 9 36 SALIX PULCHRA (SEC> 1. 0.1 0.2 9 14 . . SALIX GLAUCA --(SECT----------·---:--------c~------0; c-------·-0~ 1-··-·--~-··----·-----9------------6--· ----·-------------.. ------ SALIX LANATA <SEC> 1 1. 0,2 0.3 9 11 SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC> 47. 13.0 1510.9 9 29 ALNUS SINUATA <SEC) 9. ~.3 46.9 9 23 MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC> 90. 16.5 2451.3 9 13 TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOVE 154. 14.7 1940.5 9 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- DQ --... () ...... J J ~· --] ,_ .I J ... 1 J ! .. -: 0 ···: ... 8;·: I ; j :I - • f.. • ·,.]' .... , . • +-" _ ............ ····~--··· ····+<+~-_... .• _ _.,....,.,..._ ____ ,.. ___ , ______ ·---. ·-------. ·-·--. ~ ... _,.. ____ ... __ -------·-·--. -·-... --~ ·-·-•. . .. -· ••.• .. . ····"···· .............. -.. , ---· ---~--·--'"·-·-.,,. ... ____ ........ -------·---~~--.... ,,. ____ ---........ . --------------------------------------------------------------------------------TAttLE il3 MEANS, STANDARD ERf~ORSr AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES ( 1 'M2) OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR !. S I TE-9';· -· N--I s--THE--NUH£!ER--0FoAMF'l:lN0:-1JN rrs--;··-·-rHE--ESTl Ml\TEn·--sAMPlE-· SIZE <NHAT) IS THE NUMI!Et( OF SAMPLING UNITS r~EtWir~EII TO SAMPLE THE.·_ ... TIME WITHIN 20X OF THE _MEAN WITH BOX CONFIDENCE. --------------------------··------~-----~---------------------------------------- CltT£G-I)RY { t1f:;; II) . . . . ·:< - : . 5-y . s 2 . . N N/141 \ . . ..... -··--·--·-.-·---·-----····--·--"---··----· -·---~---------·· ------· -------·----·--··----·· ------·---~---------------·-------·------1 ~~·-~--~---------_____ ___., . BETULA f•Af•'fRfFE"R_A_i(s·E·c-r ·-i--;~ ' ~'{5-;·3-----. -·--·-o; 8 ---. ____ ..,...._Tl-.---,---33 _____ _ SALIX F'ULCHRA (SEC). ; ._. ·_ 15 • .'. ·. ~.3 ._· 60.4 . 11 ·. 11 SAL I X G LA U C A ( SEC ) . , '· _. · 2 • · '· ·: :. . · 0 • 3 . , · ·.· . 1 • 0 . . · . 11 . 9 SAL IX. LANATA--TSECT·-------·--:--·3·. · --~-0 ;·cr-..: . ..:.~----~--9 ~-f---·-----"---------11 _____ .;_ ____ "'""""--··--sa------ SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC) 16. . ,. 4.0 176.9 11 30 ALNUS SINUATA (SEC> 2. O.J 1.0 11 12 t10lJE TIME BETWEEt-f·p·[ot!f-lSECF-----·-·-is·~;-~-,··-:-··· .... 31~4-----15388.9 ---·-------.. 11---.. ---·-·2a ... -' TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOVE-. 194. 39.8 . 17437.2 11 . ~ . -------------------~-------~--------·~--------------------~--------------------- ~. ·-....... ----··------··-·------· ·--· ··----.--......... ·-·--··----· ··-···------~·-.. ·----··-. -. .. . ---·--------------------:-~:" I" TABLE f>ll{ MEANSr STANDARD ERRORSr AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES (1 M2> OF SELECTHI SHRUB SPECIES INtllVlOUALLY AN£1 COHUNE£1 FOR-~"TAtl: --········ ··-·· .. ·WILLOW TYPE. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE I'' J•l ·····-··-·····----·--~--~··--~-~~----~-·--------i•· ;(, SIZE <NHAT) IS THE NUMBER Of SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE ~ .. --···-TIME WITHIN 20:1: OF THE MEAI•CW:ttiCiHi~~ONFHiENCE-;--·--·------------·----------------·-·· ·--·---·------------------1~, 1, . ..... ---)(-· ---·-··-s: --------/ --·-·-· -----·-·--N ----·----NHAT .... -. ·wiTIUN . WN-·-WNHAI--JJMS ... tr= .. -2--IIw--BNHA-r---,--l::· x r .. - CATEGORY (N = 20) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------~ BEtULA GLANI•ULOSA <SEC) -·---··--3-~·---·-----r.--:!---~3 ;T------·-·2o·---···n·s-----·33 -;40 ·-ra-·f95 33', 36 1 r9::; I; BETULA PAPYRIFERA <SEC> 2, 0.5 5.8 20 57 4.67 18 46 26,95 1 263 I• SALIX F'ULCHRA <SEC> 9, 2,1 86.6 20 47 33.65 18 19 1040.01 1 557 L ---SALIX GLAUCA <SEC> - ---2~-----·-·-··o;2--·--·· . Ll ________ ---.. 20-------------17 .. 0.62 18 -·-1o··-·· ·----·--------v;48 ___ T _____ 143---II, SALIX LANATA <SEC> 2. 0.5 5,5 20 66 5.15 1B 62 11.82 1 142 I, -Xt~~~-~~~~!~!-~ f s~~~c > -··· --·----~g ;---·-r-;g---~~~ ;-f-----·-r---;g---------;~-----?.~r; ~~----::--if---4 ~~-~~~--::---~;~ !: MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS (SEC) 124, 22.5 10110.6 20 27 9638,81 18 26 18602.41 1 SO r TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W HOVE 176. 22.8 10418,3 20 10549.78 1B .. 8052.55 1 j· --___ ;_·~:.:. ..::·:·=~===-=---:----------:;.:.: .. ::..::·=:...: ::·.:.::::-:.~·.:::::::--.:·.:-:.:::--:,.:·:.:::.:. :..:.~·.:.::.::.."-_:~¥:....:. .:::~ ~..:.-;:,:::: _·.::. =--:..·:;.: __ :.-:.: . . -···· ~-. . --··-·----~···--~---------,1' I I ': ;'.;'I ..... ... J J .J _J -~ .1 1 } . TABLE $1~, MI::AiHf,--·sTAl-HiARD-ERR.(Hfs·~---·A-Nft--VARlA.NCE:·s-·FaR'"-t fMEs··-Tf; M2-> -----·-----------------··------···----·······-···-----·----- OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR SITE 12 • N IS THE NUMIIER OF SAMPLING UNITS • THE EST I MATED SAMPLE · s 1 zE ·· < NHAfy-··r~r-·r-HE·-·"Nlfi1rn~r~·-aF" ___ sA~1F;l"I~!G"---u~n r~f-·r~E:thJIRtrr ·To-sAMPLE" ·rnE:·---·---------··-····--·--··-···--·--··--·--·-··-· --······----------· TIME WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH SOX CONFIDENCE. -CATEGORY <N = 10> X s_ X 2 s N NHAT WITHIN I.JN WN•· • 0 •• • • •·• _,,.,,_,~, •• -~ P-« '''"' < -~-~ ,,,......_-..,,.,......, ........ .,..._ _________ ·'.0 ,....._..,. ..... _. ___ • ____ ~---···-----~ ... ,,.,,.-._.,... __ ,._._,_,_..,A_• -··• ,,. .... ,_ _,, ........ " -~--· ............... _.. ....... ,,-,,,,,, ~-···---------··---·····-··-··--·----~---....... ,--0 •.. , ,.,, _____ ~----~··--·~-... -----··...----------------------------------------------------------------------------------BETULA GLANDULOSA <SEC> 17. 6.7 444.0 10 63 BETULA PAPYRIFERA (SEC> J. 1.6 24.8 10 106 S r-1 L I X . F' U L C H f~A ·rs E c·>--:-·-------------~-~--------9··;---·-·----------~r ~ ·o ---~----~-'4 8. ~-5 -----· ........... ______ 1 0 ----·---·---13 5 ......... -·--. -··--· .... --------....... -----.. --.-------- SALIX GLAUCA <SEC> 2. L4 20.6 10 175 SALIX Lro~NATA <SEC> a. 4.9 245.0 10 153 SAL I X. ALAXE-NS is·-< SEC)-~-----~--~ ---~--------4 ;·--·---·--~ 2 ~--2 -46. 5 ~---· .. ·-----· ... 10 ~. ---··----.------·· 99 .. ALNUS SINLJATA <SEC> 2. 0.3 0.7 10 12 MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC) 62. 12.1 1462.5 10 16 TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOVE 107; 17.1 2911.6 10 -------------------------------------------------------~------------------------ !. I' 1 ! TABLE AI' MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES C1 M2) '' . ' OF SELECT E:D ·-S H R U£(. S'F;t:'C~I ~ s·--rN IiI VIIi U ALLY AND~-C 0 MB I NED F 0 rc··-----------------_______ .. ______________ -,._______ .. --. .. .. ----------------- 1SITE 13. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS, THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE CNHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE TIME WITH IN. 20~ 0~--.,.l'HE -MEMf"W Inr GO/. ... CONFI fiENCE -~ . . . ------------------------------------------·--------------·-- -2 CATEGORY < N ... : --f <r> ----------. --X . --------------------s~ -----------. --S ----. .. . .. --------N~-------------NH AT -----··wITHIN ---~m---WNHAT-- X BETULA GLANDULOSA··· (SEC;-------------~-------~ 9-;---··· --· . 4. 0 162.3 ............... 1 0 ... ----.. ----. -18 ... -- BETULA PAPYRIFERA <SEC) 1. 0.1 10 12 SALIX PULCHRA <SEC) 2. 0.4 2.0 10 17 SALIX GLAUCA <SE:C>·------------------,~~-------·--L----------~0.3--. 1.1· .......... ·---ro-----------------·--·2u------------··-------------------------------------- SALIX LANATA <SEC> 1. 0,2 ,;. 0.2 10 20 SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC) 1, 0.1 0.2 10 12 ALNUS SINUATA <SEC). -----·--· i. ---0.2-·· 0.3 '1 0 ----4 6 ·--~;-.. -.. MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC) 184. 41.8 17456.1 10 22 TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOVE 210, 41.2 16944.7 10 • • •••• • •••••-••• •-w-·-·---·--•···-·•-•••-~•••••-"-•• "'-·-••••• •·•• ,,,,.,,. _ _.,,,,,. • • • "•• ~ • ••• • 0••• •••• ----··-•·--• •••• ·•-••••• •-·~---•·• -------------------------------·~------------------------------------------------ ; D<o' ~--'" ~c~ J -J ,_] .J . ] • '"I , -"' ] J . ' ' ) (, t•; ,., ; t··. ! H" i I' l ('I •···. J ., 'l ............... -·--·-··--···--·-------------·-----·····-·-·-·-·--·---··---·-----·-------·----· --·-···------.. ·-·-·----· ---~---,-- ................ ----···--·-·····------------.. -----------·------""·------.... -·-· "··-···· ---·· -· .................................. _____ . _____ ....... _, __ ... _ ........................ -.-· ...... ,. ________________________ ~ ----------------------------------~---------------------------------------------TABLE 847 MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES ( I M2) OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR SITE'•i·4·•··-·r:.f"ts ... THE:···ND}fBER-OF--Si-"-1Ht-;Cit~Cf .. UNlts-~--THE--ESTtfft-itE:b-SAM'f-;r:E·------,------------------------------- SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE · TIME WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WIT~ 80% CONFIDENCE. . -----------·······-··· ·----------···--·--------~----··--·--·· ···---···· .. ----· .. ----·-··-----·· ····-----------------------. -. -·-· --------------··· .. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 CATEGORY <N = 9) X s_. S N NHAT WITHIN WN WNHAT .... -.. -----.. -------.. ·--···-----------·-·--------. -·-~-·----·-·-------x----~-.... -................ .,.. .......... ______ ~-------.---·--------...... _ ...... _ .. _ .................... --->• --·· ---•• -·-·" .-.-•'. BETULA GLANDULOSA (SEC) 21 •. 2. 2 45.2 9 5 BETULA PAPYRtFERATSEC f --·------------· T;--------·--· .. 0. 3· .. ..... ......... 0. 8 ·------...... ----··<i -·-------------------16 SALIX F'ULCHf~A <SEC) 25. 3.8 128.0 9 9 SALIX GLAUCA <SEC) 6. 2.3 45.8 9 59 SAL I X LANATA -<SEC f-------------..,..,._·--:--"c-...,.--2-0-. -T-~r?-;·o·,-, · ;--.. 2613 ~4 . -----.-................... -9---·-------~---271 SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC> 2. 0.7 3.9 9 52 ALNUS SINUATA <SEC) 1. 0.2 0.3 9 37 M 0 V E TIME BE HJ E EN -F'L 0 T S .. ( S ~ C ) . . 8 5 • 12 • () . 12 9 5 • 5 9 !3 TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOVE 160 • 22 • 7 4649 • 2 9 ...._ -------------------------------------------------------·------------------------~ .. .... .. ......... . ........................ --.. -.. --~------,---·•----·-·----------···-· ......................... ·-----.. ...................... . .. -... ___ ................... -....... --.. --,-----.. --------.-,-----:-~---- •· \ •'· .. ' . ~:· le!:· • • • • / . . , .. _, ., TABLE 81.8 MEANs·;·-stANttARit·-·r-~t~ R ORS ,---At·lti ·-t/AR IANCE:S . tOR TIMES < l M2 y-. ---------· ------·-------------·-· -. -----·---·-····-----------------·------- OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR SITE 5. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE sIZE < NH AT_)_ ... IS ---i"li E---NUMtf£: f(--Or:-··sA·M-F'L--I N (l_ ... U N-I iS --R EGU l nE II .... T 0 .... S AMF·LE·--~-T'F~E--------------~--------. ----.-------.. ·--------....... . TIME WITHIN 20X OF THE MEAN WITH 80X.CONFIDENCE. ------------------------------------------------------------------------~--------CATEGORY <N = 10) X s_ X 2 s N NHAT WITHIN WN WN ----.•. --------------.. ---------------------------_........._ _____ ~------------. ----------------~---------· ----______ .____ .. ---·-----·-· -··---------------· --·····-----·---------------------------~--~-. -·-· -···--· --·· ··---~··------------------------------------------------------------------------------------BETULA GLANDULOSA (SEC> 23. 2.7 BETULA PAPYRIFERA (SEC) 1. 0.2 SAL I X PULCHRA (SEc}·--------··--·--··-·-·-·-·-·---23 -~ ... ·--·------5·. 5 SALIX GLAUCA <SEC) 2. 0.6 SALIX LANATA <SEC> 1. 0.2 SALIX ALAXENSIS (SEC> 1. 0.2 ALNUS SINUATA <SEC) 1. 0.2 72.8 0.4 305.8 3.6 0.3 0.2 0.3 10 10 · ····-··-·ro 10 10 10 10 MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS (SEC> 475. 314.6 989917.6 10 6 26 .. ··-·· 24"" -'···~··-······---·-···· ... -···"'-···-··------........ =~~ 58 46 20 11 181 T 0 TAL T H1E PER r·L.ot --w -·MOVE __________ 525 ;· -·-···-·---·3 f3·-~-r·· -9 ao 12 0 ~ 9 .... ··--------------1 0 --------·----· ·--· --·--... ------------·- J '_c ~ J J ] .l J c) ,) .I J J J j lc. ; .. ( -. ; 1 1·!··:.· 't"J:"; I ' ., t·:. -;: • • • -. 'l 1 . ) ) -] I ) " 1 l ) J l 1 TABLE Bl1 MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES <1 M2> OF SELECTED SHF\UB SPECIES I ND IV I DUALLY AND COMB I NED FOf{ ··-.. -· -.... -----... SITE 6~ N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS F\EQUIRED TO SAMPLE TH~ t I ME --W I T t·f l N---2 ·o·x-··o F-~---i-H E, ____ H -E A-N·--~\.rl T_H ___ ·a o·%---C 0 -~1t::·1 t• EN C E ~ ---------~<"·-.. -~----------------~------~---. ----~---------~~------------~--------~------------------------~--·----.. ----... ~ ---------------------------------------------------------------~----------------.. 2 CATEGORY. ·rN ·-· = --·--ro >--------------------·--x------· ------s,;.· ·· ----S ····--------·--------N··----------NHAT --·-wiTHIN ··wN WNHA x IIETULA GLANDULOSA "(SEer·····-·-·----···-----·-· '33. -----·--·-4.6--·-209.2 ·····10 ------···· 8 .... BETULA PAPYRIFERA <SEC> 2. ~.4 1.6 10 30 SALIX PULCHRA <SEC> 16. 1.9 37.8 10 7 SAL 1 X GLAUCA (SEC,.---------·---.. ···--·--··------·--'---·-r:l ~-----------2 ;·c-----·····-. 4 5 -~4 . --····--··-----···-·-1 () ---------------'78 SALIX LANATA (SEC> 2. 0.6 4.0 10 57 SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC> 1~ 0~4 1.7 10 50 ALNUS S I NUAlA --( s·Et)-·-.. __________________________ :r~-·---------------T·~ 7------------2 9, Er------------------To ______________ i B 1 _____________ _,..,_. ____ ~~------ MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC>. 72. 15.4 2370.0 10 19 TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOVE 133. 12.5 1554.3 10 ···-··---·--·-------·-'"-··-·· ----------·-···----------.. -... --------------------------------------------------------------------------------.......... ~ ............ ".. .... . ......... ~ ...... - --------~------~----------~--------~------- ; . i i. ! ' r . • I • • , l ,·. i '.1. Ju~ ( i" I ~ l :··. i J' ~ . . . i .... -· -·----------------------------~------··--·-···---···--·-·---·---·-··---····-----··-· ·---------------·----·--·--· -·--·-----·--~-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------TABLE 820 MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES <1 M2) OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR s I ·n::--7~--.. N . Is---tHE: .. NUHifEfCtYr.·--lfAHf.·ItHcf-UN :t ts ;·---.tHE ·Est H1AtE:ft s·AfH~;LE ·---·-··-·-·--------------------····----- SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE TIME WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE. ----------------------------------------------~---------------------~----------- 2 -···---··-····· ____ .. ____ ..,.. .... ~ ..... ~. ·-· --··------...... ,._ .......... _ _............ ______ ,. ____________ .... ,..,..,_,~ ... -···· ,._.,_ CATEGORY <N = 10> X s N NHAT WITHIN WN ·-· ~ ---~-.~ ....... ------. ·~-........ __ ·----... -............. -........... ______ ~------~--.......... .., ______ . ---·-· ~-·-· ·------... ---.... X BETULA GLANDULOSA CSEC) 14. 3t3 111.9· 10 23 WNH, BETULA PAPYRI FER A·-· U~ EC) ---------------~-·-r;·-------· ----0 • 2 .. 0 • 2 .... ·-.. -----·-·ro----. -----2 0 --------------·-·--·----·------~--- SALIX PULCHRA (SEC) 10. 3,3 111.2 10 47 SALIX GLAUCA <SEC> i ' 9.. 2.6 65.2 10 37 SAL I X LA NATA. ( SECT---·-·------~--~--~--1·5·-.---------~---·-·--:l~--5 ·--~-----·122 • 0---------·· .... ·-·---·-·1 o····-----------···-----·2.2 ---·-----·-----··--··-· ---·· -·----------···-··-·--- SALIX·ALAXENSIS <SEC> 2. 0.6 3.3 10 28 ALNUS SINUATA <SEC> 1. 0.1 0.1 10 6 MOVE Tit1E BETWEEN PLOTS {SECY--169. --·-· 38.3 ·-·14690.1 ·-··· TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOVE ·221. 40*5 16393.3 -10 -------·· -·---22 ----- 10 .:····, . . . . -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- .i ,_,,J ..... I l ,J ' ,I ,I ) .•-.•~ ,,} J J ' I ""--''-•C ·-·-·-l J I , I , I ., 'i I TABLEJ~/ MEANSr STANDARD ERRORSr AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES (1 M2) OF SELECTED SHRU~ SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR•OPEN LOW DWARF~ BIRCH-WILLOW, N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS, THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMDER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE ··---~------··-~-}', --··-- ------------------------------'--'--- , i --------· -tlt-IE WlnilN 207. OF THE MEAN ·wnw·so-1.-CONFIDENCE. -----·-·----------------------------·--·-··--··---·---··-· ---------------- ---------------------------------------------------------··----------------------i j . ·-CAtEGORY <N = '59) . . . X ----. .. -----S _ .. - - -. X 2 s N ·--'NHAT - I -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- . 1 --BETULA GLANDULOSA (SEC) , BETULA PAPYRIFERA <SEC) / SALIX PULCHRA <SEC> I----· SALIX GLAUCA <SEC> I SALIX LANATA <SEC> SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC> ALNUS-SINUATA <SEC> MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC> TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOVE u;·--------·1. s··-----197. c ----· 59· ----------1e · 176.66 · 53 _____ 17---4t:r;-46 :r------Js--- 1. 0,3 '5.0 59 107 4.73 '53 101 8,22 5 175 14. 1.8 194.6 59 41 139.08 53 29 782.79 5 164 . · 4~----------o.e 34.4 59 88 29,99 · 53-~--7,---------er;s2·-----s·-~2·o,-~~- e. 2,8 47S.o 59 346 457.56 53 3~3 659,57 5 480 2, 0,4 10.2 59 123 9o41 53 113 18,95 5 228 --·----i-.----o-;3--------:n4---~----,-----59____ 149 ------5,35 --sJ-·ne--------li-;Hi~ n··o~~_-"_-1.: 176o 55o3 180181,3 59 239174404.3'5 5 5 3 3 232 2 2 3 4 3 1 6 4 4 1 2 6,, 1 6 5 8 5 5 321. · .. :~./~_:' 227, 55o0 178736o7 59 173556o93 ~-~·----·--·--------·--·----. -··--,-. . .. ·-·-··-~-----····----·----···- ----------------------------------~----------------------------------------~----- ., •• ! ~et: .. : \ '' ! ,, ' ' •• ; l ''" • i.ir .... -~ i ~-r ~ . . ·, • • • • , . "I ' ""' '" .... , .. __________________ , __ ·---------·-··--· --··--·--·-••"''"'"'------··---------------------.,----·---~-- ......... -.~···---·--"' ·----·-----.. ·--···--·--------........... ---·-·--___ ,,,,, .. --····--........ ''"""'" ----·--.. --------~-...... , ... _ ................ __ , ____________ _ _..J . I i TABLE ~~2 MEANS,--stANDARD -ERRORS, .. ANti .. VARlANCES FOR TIMES <1'-t12> ..... . -----........ ······--------~ -·-__ ..,_ OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR SITE 3~ N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTit1ATED SAMPLE SIZE < NHAtl 1 ~r TRE··-NUMIIEtCdF'·-SAHF·CI NG-UNITS-REGUI t~Eti"'iO···sA-HF'L£-THt------.. -·-·---·------------------------------~·----· .. TIME WITHIN 20~ OF THE MEAN WITH 80~ CONFIDENCE • ----------------------------~--------------------------------------------------- -2. ·---~·--·-·------·-··· --"'··-···--····----------------------------------· -----------_.,,.. _____ ~----~------------·---·····--·-·~ CATEGORY <N = 12) X s_ X s N NHAT WITHIN WN . --· . ~··-······-···--------·-······ ... , •···~--· .. . . . .. . ......................... _ ....... ·-··---------····-·---"·-........ -.. -----------~-~-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------BETULA GLANDULOSA <SEC> 6. 3,4 140.8 12 141 BETULA PAPYRIFERA <SEC> 1, 0.2 0.5 12 23 SALIX F'ULCHRA '(SEC) .... -·--------·-------........ 91,------------33;9· 13829.4 ..... ·12-----... -69 ........... . SALIX GLAUCA (SEC) 2. 0,.3 1.2 12 17 SALIX LANATA <SEC) 1. 0.1 0.2 12 23 SALIX ALAXENS'IS "( SI.:C l ____ .. ______ .. __ . 5~-------, ....... 3 ;·o-·--·--ro6 ~-3·--. -.......... -------12----:----· --·--_181 ____ -------------~--- ALNUS SINUATA (SEC> 1. 0.1 0.2 12 15 MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS (SEC> 174. 41.2 20343.0 TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W HOVE -290. 56.7 38564.9 12 12 28 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- t J I ••• ' ·. .l .l J J .:t ; ) ,J ) -----. . ------· ------------.- ----------------------------------------~---------------------------------------TABLE g23 MEANSr STANDARD ERRORSr AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES (1 M2> OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR"OPEN"LOW"WILLOW TYPE. }~ I 6 THE NUMBER OF SAHF·LJ NG ___ UN i f'!f~-----t-HE·~--E:St I MATED SAMPLE _____ - SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REGUIRED TO SAMPLE THE TIME WITHIN 207. OF THE MEAN WITH BOX CONFIDENCE. CATEGORY <N = 12) X 6. s_ X 2 s 140.8 N 12 --L--~-~2--------6~ 5 ~---------12 _____ _ 91. 33.9 13829.4 <12 2. 0.3 1.2 12 NHAT 141 23 69 17 BETULA GLANDULOSA !SEC> BETULA PAPYRi~~RA !SEC> SALIX PULCHRA !SEC> SALIX GLAUCA <SEC> SALIX LANATA <SEC> SALIX ALAXENSIS (SEC> ALNUS SINUATA <SEC> ------·-·:r.------,r;I~~. ---o--;-:2 --------T2 ____ _ -23 MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC> TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOVE 5. 3.0 106.3 12 1 • 174. 280. 0. 1 41.2 56.7 0.2 20343.0 '38564. 9 12 12 12 181 15 28 l ... -------------.---------------------------I, WITHIN 140.81 6.55 13829.42 1.15 0.24 106.27 0.20 20343.00 38564.93 -'-I, • I, ~ ·-·-·----------·-·---------------~----------I I' I' f ,. ----------------------------------------11, " . I· . ---------------~------~--------~~.,. I • WN WNHAT BMS N= 1 BN IINHAT I I ----------------------~1 t I 11 141 ·----1 c----23 11 69 11 17 --11-23 11 181 11 15 11 28 11 ----·----~·--·· II • -o.oo o o o-. o --......-1---,+.,., -o.oo o o ~ t o.oo o 1 r ------o-;-u-o--<r I"' -o. oo o o J" f o. o 1 I" -0 • -() 1 -----IK 0 t 0 lu f 1 .. I ... ---,--------,.,--------~------·-·-·· :' ' ( ' \: •.. ,. >' ·· · TABLE· Azlf HEAt4s~---fffAr~"iiAF:i!Ekr..:oF:·!f-, A"i:rr~-iTA.RIA.fH~E:·s·-r=-cnr-rr~rE:ff··r4·R2>·--------·--·-··-----------·· ··-----· ·--·-·-·----; OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR . -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SITE 10. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE <NHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE -...... ······-------··---------·-·------· --·---·-·---------··-·-- TIME WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- •· ... ··-·-·····--···--------··------··---------· ------··"2---------··-···--·-··-·-···--·--·--·-···--...... ··-·------·------·-·---------~-- CATEGORY <N = 10> X s_ S N NHAT WITHIN WN WNHAT X --------------------------------------------------------------------------------BETULA GLANDULOSA <SEC) 59. 3.8 145.4 10 2 "' BETULA F'APYRIFERA <SEC) 1. 0~3 1.2 10 41 ~ r· .. ~ ~t ~ ~ ~~~~~~A ( ~ ~ ~ ~T·---------~-------2 ~ :-------;·:-f~----···-4·~;: ~ ··----··---·· c ___ --i~ --·:-----------~·~·-···· ·-.. . ---------------······ :: J----·---~ ~ t ~ ~-··. ~ ~ ~ ~ ~-~ s ~ ~-~ ~ ~ EC ·5 . · . ~ : · ~-~-~-~-____ } __ ~~-~-~----··----~-{-g-·--·-·--------~ :~-------·-----------··------- r;:/ ALNUS SINUATA <SEC) 1. 0.2 0.2 10 20 MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC> 97. 33.1 10924.4 10 48 TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOVE 199; .. 38,7 14981.1 10 ---··- ------------------------------------------~------------------------------------- -I J . i Li l ' i 1 ·' i I !i ! t 1----~---- , ·' I' I ~ t ~ \;_ \. " l TABLE A2,5' MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR THiES <4t12) OF SELECTE:tt .. sHr~UB SF'E:C 1 E:S ·1 ND IV I rrUt-JLL Y AND . COM£1 I NED FOF.: ........... -----·-. --·· ----------·- SITE 11. N IS 'THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE T I ~1E . WItH ftC.2oY·or-.. -·n~E--HI!-AN -·ui TH llO~C-CONF nn::NCE. -···--... ----. -------·------··-·---------·------------~----·-··--------------------·-- 2 CATEGOF.:Y X --------------------------------------------------------------------------------BETULA GLANDULOSA ( SE:C) ----- BETULA PAPYRIFERA <SEC> SALIX PULCHRA CSEC) SAL I X GLAUCA .. <SEC r-... ---------··----· SALIX LANATA CSEC> SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC> ALNUS S I NUATA-OrE:c)·--·------ MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC> TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOVE -----.. ~ .. ---3 a· ~ · 6 • 7 -·4 4 5 • t.> · -· -··-·----·· ·· ·-· · ro · ---------------------------1-~~ ------.. 2. 0.9 8.4 10 107 4. 1.2 13.8 10 42 3~ 1.1 12.4 10·--· --------57""'····· 1. o.3,. o.a 10 55 1. 0.2 0.3 10 17 ·r;·-'---'--<>":2 -------·· ·---·o ~ 5 ·-· ·-· -----·--·----nr-----·-----.... 3-~;~ .. -------.... -· ........... . 107. 18.2 3327.6 10 12 156. 22.5 5048.0 10 .... ····-~·-,·~-~·'-···-· -·~·· '-•« • ' • ' '. •••• ~-• -•••• ... -·-•• • ... • • --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- TABLE6%' MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, ~N~-UAAIANtES ~dR TIMES C4M2) OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR WOODLAND BLACK- WHITE SPRUCE TYPE, N IS NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS, THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE OIHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAHPliN[f.lHii'rt'f-F:E:tiUlRED TO-SAHPLE THE - TIME WITHIN 20X OF THE MEAN WITH BOX CONFIDENCE, . -CATEGORY <N = 20) X s_ X s N NHAT BETULA GLANDULOSA <SEC) 48. 4.5 400.5 20 8 .. I f'APYRIFERA <SEC) 1 • o.s 4.7 20 92 I BETULA '' --·-·-~~t~~ f'ULCHRA (SEC) .. -f6 ~---· ----4. 4 380.6 20 ·--58 GLAUCA (SEC) 5, 1.7 55.5 20 90 -!, SALIX LANATA CSEC> 2. 0.6 6,6 20 84 .', -------·------------~-----------~------ WITHIN WN WNHAT BHS N= 2 BN DNHAT 295.50 18 6 2289.80 1 41 4.81 1B 94 2.45 1 48 .. -222.50 18 . -34 ----~----"3225>ao··-r--492-- 53.94 18 ·87 84.05 1 135 5.84 18 74 20,00 1 253 SALIX ALAXENSIS <sE:t> ------------1 • -. o-;;r·----~2 .-9-----:·---20 ·---7o··-·--·2.B3 --1 a·------zi 3't'20 1 a ''-.:·; ALNUS SINUATA <SEC) 1 • 0.1 0,3 20 28 0.34 18 29 -o.oo 1 . 0 MOVE TIME BETWEEN F'LOTS <SEC) 102. 18.4 6778.3 20 27 7126.00 18 28 520.20 1 3 . ~ TOTAL TiME F'ER F'LOT w MOVE --111 ;·----------22.3 -~--9969.5 ---20 10014.53 18 -----·-9159.20 1 ···-----~ J .J ~ I , -. I , I ~ I l ··-J . 1 -·-·· ~-----------· . -................. -. . ~--. ··-.. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------TABLE /32.7 MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES <4M2> OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR l sITE 1 4 • N --· t S ----T ~~ E------N-[fFi'Id~:~-R--··cff:·--SA-r1 P--L I t~fG ___ TJN--t ~r s ~ --. T--~i E-C-:~ ·s T I t1 A T'Eti--·s-AJ1F· L E-------------------~---------------------------· --·----------------------~------------- SIZE <NHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE TIME WITHIN 20~ OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE. CATEGOF~Y <N = 10) X s_ X 2 s NHAT BETULA GLANDULOSA CSEC) 79. 8.4 708.5 10 5 I WITHIN WN WNHI BETULA PAPYRI FERA ... (SECT·---------···--··· r-~ .. -------.. ----··o-~'Ef" ......... --.. --.. -·5. B ___ , ____ ....... ---"'-·-·ro ---.. ----·-····-··--14 r--·-·····-···· ............... -----· SALIX PULCHRA <SEC) 6. 3.4 115.6 10 151 SALIX GLAUCA <SEC> 1. 0.3 0.7 10 57 St~ L I X LAN AT A ( SEc·) -.. __ , ______ ----------.1 .. -~ 0 • 2 0 ~ 4 --·-----·-··------··-----· .. 1 0 .. ---·----.... - . -. ---1: 9 - SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC) 1. 0.2 0.3 10 17 ALNUS SINLIATA <SEC) 1. 0.2 0.4 10 2b MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS CS~ti 36. . 7.4 552.0 10 18 TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOVE 125. 15.0 2237.8 10 ~ .. ~ . TABLE J3z_g MEAt~s,···stANDARt• EI~ROI~S, AND VARIANCES FOR TIHES (4M2) OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR SITE 15+ N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE· SIZE < NHAT > -is· fHE: -NUMttn.;·· tll=' fJAt1f.'Lt NG UN ll S F.:HW I f.;E[I T 0 SMiPLE. THE------·----· TIME WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH BO% CONFIDENCE. ------") .... CATEGOF\Y <N = 10) X s_ s N NHAT X WITHIN WN WNH --·····. ------··----~-------·---·· -----·-----. . ----. ------. -----.. -------"''• --------------------------------------------------------------------------------BETULA GLANDULOSA (SEC) 63. 6.6 432.0 10 5 [~ETULA PAPYRIFERA (SEC) 1. 0.2 0.5 10 . 39 SALIX F'ULCHRA <SEC) . -·----···--··· ----. 12. 4;9 244.7 ·---10 .... 74 SALIX GLAUCA <SEC> 1 • 0.2 0.2 10 ~:! 0 Sf.tLIX LANATA <SEC) 1 • 0.2 0.3 10 46 SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC> -----. -------------. ----~-------------··.-1 • o.2 0.3 10 31. ALNUS SINUATA (SEC> 1 • 0.2 0.2 10 20 MOVE TIME BETkiEEN PLOTS <SEC> 125. 23.4 5473.6 10 15 TOTAL TIME F'H.; F'LOT w HOVE 203. 21.7 4704.7 10 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- .I 1 . J 1 J TABLE 821 MEANS, STANDARD ERRORSr AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES <4M2) oF sELEct E t1 ·· s Hr.: Uif-s F.-Ec f £ s--Ifffi"i vJ.D u At-L v--A r-1 tr c·o H t~T NE n · · F'o r.:·----· --~----~--·--·--···-··--------------· ·-·-··----------~-~- srrE 18. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE T.IME WITHiN 2o:i.· oF-THE···MEA-N WIT1·1 80/. CONFlt•.Et~CE~-. ----.. ------------··- CATEGOFn < N = fO> BETULA GLANDULOSA < SEtr-··-··-·· -- BETULA PAPYRIFERA (SEC) SAL. I X F'ULCHF\A <SEC) SALIX GLAUCA (SEC) SALIX LANATA <SEC> X 43 •. 1 t 24. J~ 34. SALIX ALAXENSIS (SEC> 3. A L N lJ S S I N U A T A ( S E C ) ---····--. ----1 •· MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC) . 73. TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOVE 181. .... --. --s..:. X 5.3 0 ,., . ~- 4.8 0 t 5 > 10.4 0.8 ------o.i 12.5 15.3 2j1E). 5 10 () • ~5 10 229.9 10 . ~"-) C" L. t ,J ·-10 1072.3 10 6.9 1() 0.1 :1.0 1566.1 10 2344.7 10 ··-7 3:1. 17 16 :~8 32" 6 13 ·-. -~. . --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----. ---- '-- ~--~--·· '...\ I ' ' ' J ' . ' -· -----~---··-----···· ----------···-····· ·-----~ ... --·--· -·---...•. --------·-··--------------------·----.. ----------··"--------------------~---"--------------·-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------. TABLE ~Jo MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES <4M2> OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR SITE 19. N IS THE-NUt1Btfr-Ot·" SAtH='L HIG ·uNITS. THE EST I HATED SM1F'LE . --·· SIZE CNHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE T•1E TIME WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE. -· --· --··-------------·--·------·-··--·-· --·-· ----------· -. ----"" .. -----.... ···---·-. . . ·--'' --·-'" --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CATEGOf~Y <N ::::: 10) X BETULA GLANDULOSA (SEC) 31. s_ x· 5.7 2 s 325. ;5 N NHAT 10 14 WITHIN WN WNHI . '>·. • .... --~-• . -·----------~-----·-------------~------0-.2 i() -------------------------··-----~ -------------·--------·-BETULA F'APYF: I FEF:A <SEC) 1 • 0.4 26 SALIX F'ULCHF~A <SEC) 11 • 2.9 83.5 10 30 SALIX GLAUCA <SEC> 1 • 0.3 o.s l.O ~59 SALIX LANATA (SEC> ...... ·-~ ~----~---~-~--·""'-~-----' ----~-·--~~ ---··. 6.2 0.3 10 --------.fl)"---· --·-------. -------· ----.... ' --· 1 • SALIX ALAXENSIS (SEC) 1 ~ 0.2 0.3 10 31. ALNUS SINUATA <SEC) 1 t 0.7 4.2 10 103 t10VE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS CSI::C) 74. 13.6 1851.6 10 14 TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOVE 121. 2469.2 10 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- J ;_~'----~· .I J ,,} ,,_--c. .l I I • ---- ,,, ". .J ;,·_-,; ,_f ) j J l -l TABLE 8JJ MEANS• STANDARD ERRORSr AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES <4M2l OF SELECTED SHRUD SPECIES INDIVfbUALLY AND COMDlNEb FOR WOODLAND DLACK SPRUCE TYPE, N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE CNHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE TIME WITHIN 20/. OF TilE MEAN WITH BOX -cotH:I[IENCE, .. -. 2 CAT E:GOf<Y 01 = 40) - X s_ s X -BETULA GLANDULOSA <SEC> 54.--------'4; 3--. 748.4 ... 40 BETULA PAPYRIFERA <SEC> 1 t 0.2 1.7 40 SALIX F'ULCHf<A CSECl 13. 2.2 201.6 40 SALIX .. GLAiJtA .. (SEC l 1 ;------· --0 ; 2 -------f I 6 ... ·--·-·-·-40 - SALIX LANATA (SEC> 9 I 3 I~~ 466.6 40 SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC) 1 I 0.3 2.8 40 ALNUS SINUATA CSEC> 1 I ·-------·-o;2 1.2 40. MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS CSEC> 77. 9.0 3216.9 40 TOTAL TIME F' E f< PLOT w tiOVE 158. 10.0 3998,8 40 . --- NHAT --11 95 49 45 231 72 59 23 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 l l WITHIN WN WNHAT -!IMS -N= --T-tiN -----lJNHAT--. 436.09 36 ---·-7 ----------'4-495-;-57--J----o 1. 73 36 98 0.97 3 55 168.42 36 41 600.33 3 146 1. 04 36 . -29 ____ --· ---------a-~4 '7---3 ·-232 268.32 36 .. 133 2845.40 J 1408 1.94 36 49 13.43 3 339 1.24 36 60 . 0 t 69 ----'"3·---~4-- 2360.83 36 17 13490.03 3 93 2939.08 36 16715.07 3 'J'~~; .. ··--·--··-~ TABLE B$2. t1EANS ~--8-fAtHiARIT ERR tJ"RS~--A-Nti·--oA-RTARCES ·r-o·R·-T tHE 8 -T4H2 r-----~----·-------··--··---------------------· .. --···------------- OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR SITE 16. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE <NHAT> IS THE. NUMiitk OF-SAMPLING UNITS f\EOUIRE2D To· SAMPLE THE -------··-··· .. ···········. TIME WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH BOX CONFIDENCE. ------------------------------------------------------------------------~-------··--. -----. -···2 -·-· ··-···---··----------·-····--------------------· .. --- CATEGORY <N = 10) X N NHAT WITHIN WN WNHA" X . ----· ---~---·---------. --·····-----------.. ·-·-·--··-------------·-·-. -----·-·-. . -......• --·· ----···-----···-. .. .. ~---.. _, ·-·--------·----------------------------------------------------------------------------------BETULA GLANDULOSA <SEC> 28t 4e1 165.8 10 9 BETULA PAPYRIFERA <SEC) 1. 0.1 0.2 10 12 SALIX PULCHRA < SEC·")----------------------~~~~--------------5·;--------------·2'"~--7·--·--· ··----~------~---74 ~ 0 ... ______ -----------------·-:ro-·---------------------i44 ... ---------- SALIX GLAUCA <SEC) 1. 0.2 Ot5 10 19 SALIX LANATA <SEC> _ 1. 0.3 0.9 10 37 s t-1 L 1 x ALA x E t4 i3 i: s ·· < SE c··>--------------.. --------~---·i·-·;---~ .. ·--~~-----.... ·-·--o· ~~ ·3-· --.. ----~-~----· -----o • ·a~~------·---.. -·--·· .. ~----... --------·1 o··---... --...... ---~----~-----·--.. 5 ~)--------·----------........ --------------------~--~----------- ALNus SINUATA <SEC> 3. 2.1, 45.7 10 239 MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC> 74. 16.7 2798.5 10 22 TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOVE 112. 17.3 3002.7 10 -----------------------------~-------------------------------------------------- .I J .I \ ,, I .. I. 1 1 l TABLE /5~3 t1EANS, STANDARD Ef~:RORS, AND VARIANCES FOR THiES <4M2) DF S EL. E C T E ri--S H r~ utr··s F'E ctt s· -"! t·Ht1 VI It \J ACLY AND-t 0 Mil IN E:D FOR -... ----------· .. -.----~~------·····-·--------·-··--·-. SITE 17. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE CNHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE· TINE WITHIN :~oi. OF .. THE. HtAtf WIHf ·aoi( CONFIDENCE • -. -CATEGORY < N :=: 1 o > - . -. ---·· . -· . ---. . X . . . . s_ X N -NHAT -----------------~-------------------------------------------------------------- BETULA GLf.1NitULOSA <SEC) .. 4 •. 1.6 24.1 10 65 [;ETULA PAPYRIFEI~:A <SEC) 2. 0.7 5.6 :1.0 103 SALIX F'ULCHRA CSEC) 1 • 0.2 0.3 10 46 SALIX GLAUCA <SEC) L . --·--. 0. 1 0.2 1 o· -· · 1., f. S?1LIX LANf.1TA <SEC) 1 • p.2 0.3 10 46 SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC) 1 • 0.2 0. :~ 10 31 ALNUS SINUATA <SE~C> 1 •... 0.2 0.2 10 20 MOVE TH1E BEHJEEN PLOTB <SEC> ]'1 .... . 7.3 532.0 10 5 TOTAL TIME F'EH PLOT w MOVE 81. 6.8 459.4 10 00' -• '''-' ->0 • A •-----0 --• • • •-• -----· • ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- WITHIN WN UUHA' --------------~-----------------------------------------------------------------TAttLE /3J'{ MEANS, STANIIARII ERRORS,--AND~IJ(:d;:i1iNCE!:f FOR tifiE:S < 4H:2r ----~~-~ ~---~--~-··-· OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR OPEN MIXED SPRUCE-BIRCH TYPE, N IS NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBEn OF SAi1HHf6--UNi·fs-RtlHJ:ir;Eft TO-SAHFTE-·tuE··- TIME WITHIN 20Z OF THE MEAN WITH BO~ CONFIDENCE, 2 ---·------------ 1 I CATEGORY 01 = 20) X s_ s N NHAT WITHIN WN WNHAT l!t1S N= 2 IIN [lNHAT BETULA GLANIIULOSA <SEC> BETULA PAPYRIFERA <SEC> SALIX PULCHRA <SEC> SALIX GLAUCA <SEC> SALIX LANATA (SEC> SALIX~ALAXENSIS (SEC) ALNUS SINUATA <SEC) HOVE TIHE BETWEEN PLOTS CSECl TOTAL tiME ~ER ~LOT W HOVE . ·---·-·····------·--X·-··---~~ ·~ 16. 1' 3' 1' 3.5 239.0 0.4 2.9 ~ -~ -L 4--.. -3 9 , 6 0.1 0,4 1. 0.2 0.6 · -·--r.·--·---6.2-- 2' 1.1 73. 8.9 · 96; ~··--·d. 9. a o·. 5 22.9 1578.2 1906.0 20 40 20 89 20 250 20 17 20 46 20 ·----45·- 20 307 20 13 20 J J 94.94 2.89 "37.16 0.36 0 ':ll.il 0.56 22.98 1665,25 1731.03 -· --~-----~---------· 18 16 2832.20 1 465 18 !]0 2.45 1 76 ur· 235----· ---aA-;os·---r-··-53o---t 18 17 0.45 1 21 18 43 1.25 1 92 1 s -· 4 7 -----~---·--~--o-;"2o--r 1 T~ 18 308 22.05 1 295 11.25 1 1 18 13 18 -------5056".20 ___ 1_ -------~.-. .J -} - 1 J ·-J l TAElLE .8~5'"MEANS, !HAN[tARD El~r~OR~i, AND V-ARIAt~CES FOR TIMES <4M2) OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR ' 1 ---l SITE 8. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE }·.· sIZE < NHAT >-iS -THE-·m.ihB-ER --OF-}~fAMF{.f NG ___ iJN t f 5 ··r-:EGLi H\E t,---t o SAMF·LE--1' Ht ____ ----------------------- TIME WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE. CATEGORY <N = 10) -X s_ X '1 "'· s BETULA GLANDULOSA <SEC) 24. 21.3 4517.8 N NHAT 10 BETULA PAPYRIFERA <SEC) 10. 4.0 160.3 10 72 SAL I X PULCHf\A <SEC j----·---------·------------·-2:----··-·--·L 3---. ·-----· 18 • 0 . .. ·--....... 1 0--·-------.. 105 SALIX GLAUCA (SEC) 1. 0.3 0.0 10 39 SALIX LANATA <SEC) 1. 0.1 0.2 10 6 SAL I X ALA X ENS IS < SEC f--... ---... ----------·----9 9 ~-------------fB ~ 5---· ---3 4 3 9 -~-i---------------·------1 0-------~------·-· 15 --- ALNUS SINUATA (SEC) 37, 6.9 476.2 10 15 MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS (SEC> 112. 20.0 3980.4 10 13 TOTAL TIME PEf\ PLOT W -t-10VE ---·-2a6·; 46.1 21243~8 .. 10--··------- ---------------------------------------~---------------------------------------- WITHIN WN WNHAT ~ ~ w·· I I" ! . : ' ' ' ,, • ... J -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- TABLE f3jG, MEANS, STANDARD EFa~OF\S, AND VARIANCES FOR TH1ES <4M2) OF SELECTED SH~UB SPECiES I~DIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR SITE 9. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING.UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE TIME WITHIN 20%. or-·IHt:~-HtAN···w I l'H~·ao;. C"ONF I DENCE ~----~-----·-·------····-----~------:·-------------.. ·-·----~---- 2 CATEGOf~Y <N = f()) -----------------···x· ---------s:.::· ·-----S ............ -· --.......... ---N .... --...... NHAT -·WITHIN-WN---wNHA' X BETULA GLANDULOSA -(SEC> -~--·-· 2. 1. 2 14.8 10 126 IlETULA PAPYRIFERA <SEC> 1 • 0.3 0.7 10 ~~ 13 SALIX PULCHRA <SEC> 3 t:• c.J+ 6.7 450.6 10 15 SALIX GLAUCA <SEC) -------·--·· --------·--t.- >.!+ 1.5 23.2 ... '1 0 37 SALIX LANATA <SEC> 1 + 0.3 1.2 10 ,., .. - .:;.,.) SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC) 32. 8.4 708.8 10 29 ALNUS SINUATA (SEC) .. ---------~ --~+----·-· .... -·-·-·~-...... s; -~" -2.7 73.1 - -·----------·1o·------~ -'136 MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC> 1.43. 9.1 832.5 10 2 TOTAL TIME PER PLOT w l10VE 224. 18.1 3262.4 10 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- .. J J l -J -·-··] ----·--tABLE 8."$"1 MEANS, STANirARi• ERRdRs;--ANif--vAi~TAI'ICl~s-FOR-TlMES-T4H2>···-------. -· -... -·---· OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR TALL WILLOW TYPE, N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS, THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE <NHATl IS THE NUMI•ER OF SAM-PUN<rlJHHs REQUIRED Tei SAHF·LE: THE - TIME WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH BOX CONFIDENCE, CATEGORY (N = 20) -X s_ X ------· ---------- 2 s N NHAT --------------------------------------------------------------------------------BETULA GLANI•ULOSA <SEC> 13. 10.7 2272.1 20 543 BETULA f'AF·YR I FERA (SEC) 5. 2.2 95.7 20 140 ---SALIX PULCHRA (SEC) 19. 5.1 512.0 20 61 SALIX GLAUCA (SEC> 3. 0.9 16.0 20 73 SALIX LANATA (SEC) 1 • 0.2 0,6 20 16 WITHIN 2266,31 80.47 234.31 11.99 0.67 SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC) ---t.::;-;----------12 ;s-----3142-~ 6 --·-·-------2o-------------·--31 ... 2073,92 ALNUS SINUATA <SEC> 21. 5.2 539.9 20 51 274.68 MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC> 127. 11.2 2521.4 20. 7 2406.45 TOTAL TIME: PEf< F'LOT w MOVE 255. 25.1 12619.8 20 12253 .11 I 1 l .•. ------------------ WN WNHAT BMS N= 2 BN BNHAT 18 541 2376.20 1 568 18 118 369.80 1 540 . 18 -2'B --------------·-5511-;20----1 ----653 ___ 18 55 88.20 1 402 18 17 0.20 1 5 1a-··2o· "2:578 ;o::;----1--2r. ... 18 26 5313.80 1 494 18 7 4590.45 1 12 18 19220.00 1 --------· , TABLE A~8 MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES <4M2) OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR S I T E 1 2 • N . I S t 1-i E N lH1 B F~ I~ . 0 j:--SA t11:;[ :t N G-lJ N I T S • --T H t: -r:: S T I HATED . SAM F' L E -----. ----. --. ······ ...... . SIZE <NHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE TIME WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE. 2 CATEGORY <N -= 10> x s_ s NHAT WITHIN -.------------------------·--·-... ··-------·'--···· -.. ·x BETULA GLANDULDSA <SEC) 52. 8.8 777.8 10 12 BETULA PAPYF:IFERA (SEC)-----------------·--···· :L·------1.8 3~~.2 -•• • w---• 0 -•• ---••--1 0 •·-••• --12(1 SALIX PULCHRA <SEC> 27. 8.1 656.8 10 37 SALIX GLAUCA <SEC> 6. 1.7 29.6 10 34 SM. I X LAN AT A < SEC ) .. -----------···-····--· -----------1:7 ~ 6 • 5 ... ....... ... 41" 9 • 3 ·----···· ---·····-io ----------------··59·· -·· ----- SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC) 1. 0.3 1.0 10 51 ALNUS SINUATA CSEC> 1. 0.2 0.3 10 17 MOVE TIME BETWt-:l~!T--PT::-t:f'f8--(SEi5)-------~65 • -------~--i]"~ 6------9 i 5; 6 ·-······-~ ·--------ro ·-·--------·· .:· 9------· ·---- TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOVE 173. 17.1 2936.2 10 I _ •... 1 -· J ] .J J •eo _, ___ -j ,.,. .l J J ., __ ; J _:) J WN WNH ; ·, l ) ] ] ' l .. l l . -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- TABLE J339 ME AN S , STAND A R £1 E F; R () R S , AND VARIANCES F 0 R T I ME S ( 4M2 ) OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR SITE 13. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE s I "iE ( NHAt)·-I~f--lHE-'NOfHi£rrorst-ifff5CflHrlJH f"lt ·-r~~nu I t.:£If-T o---SAHF'CE--THFT·------·-------·--------------------·--·- TIME WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------~ --------··--· ··-·-· -----~----'---------=·------------------------.. ---------------------·····2 ---·· ---· ----------~----~----~~----~---~----------·----------------------------------· CATEGOf~Y <N = 10> X s_ S N NHAT WITHIN X ----------· ------------_______ , _____ . . . ----·· ---.. ------·--~-.... -·· --------------------------------------------------------------------------------BETULA GLANDULOSA CSEC) BETULA PAPYRIFERA <SEC) SALIX f'ULCHf~A <SECf --------------------- SALIX GLAUCA <SEC) SALIX LANATA <SEC> S~1L I X ALAXENS! S (SEC) -------~" - ALNUS SINUATA <SEC> 33. 2. 9. 5. 1 • o. 1 • 194. 5.9 1.2 2~2 2.4 0•3 0~2 0. 1 75.0 350.8 10 14 14.6 10 124 47.5 --------10 ---------------23 - 57.0 10 9() 1.2 10 41 0.3 1 0--· ------. --. 6 9 0.1 10 .. 6 56313.6 10 62 -. ··~ ... . ~ .. ··-...•.• ._..... ·---~-~-- WN WHHA MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC) TOTAL T I 11E PEr~ PLOT ·w -MOVE------------74.5 -.-.. --------1 (f ----, --·----·····-·-------_._ ______________ ~-·------~---·-- 246. 55442.5 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ~ • • 8 I I t I ' rt _,,,J TABLE 8~0 MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES C4M2) 0 F SELE C TE II SUR U It'-->-·s f''E C t t s··--~-i-Ntl I~) t t1UAL·c·~{ AN tr"··· e·o M BI-N ED-F Of~ -----------~---------·-·--------------------------· -------··------~------ SITE 4. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE CNHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE TIME WITHIN 20% ot~·-tHE: tH~AN. WITH··aor.· CONt.-irtENCE. ··-·-... ---~ -··-'"--·---··· ·-···· ···--- -CATEGOf<Y < N :::: 11)-~ ·----------~ -X---.. --S_-. BETULA GLANDULOSA <SEC) BETULA PAPYRIFERA CSEC> SALIX PULCHRA CSEC> . ___ _. . -----------~ ---------~---SALIX GLAUCA <SEC) SALIX LANATA <SEC> SALIX ALAXENSIS (SEC> ALNUS SINUATA CSEC> A •••~ " ¥, •• ''"'"" • -·• ••• -.•• •> "•>· • •" MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC> TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOVE X 52. 6.9 4. 2 ~ 0 50. 6.6 14. 4.9 2. 1.2 1. o ~A -.. f ~ --. .. -0 -. 5 189. 79.1 312. 77.7 2 525.9 45.9 474.3 266.8 17.2 1 • 9 3.1 68854.4 66457.0 "f:l.-I. 9 11 124 11 B ----·-----·--------------r·-1----------·---------------5f3·-·-----·-·· ·-- 11 213 11 37 ··· ··-"-·-· ·1c· ·---------·-·io7 _____ .... -·- 11 ··8o 11 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- .. ., ...... -... ·--------··---------------·--·-------··------·--· .. ···---··-·---~--------~---·---·-·--·-··-------. --------·---------·---------- '<'--'-' .. 1 !I.-" J '"'··'-J ) c·-.,_: .. J ·-J J '-' ·"~ ~--- ) J • • •• • le :e • • • .... 1 l -. -' ~---------------------------------------------------------------------------------TABLE fit/./ t-1EANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES (4t-12) OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR sITE 5. --tfTs·-fHE: ___ NUME!I~:R OF SAMF;Lt HG --iW ITS; THE-EST IHATED-·SAHF·CE: ___________ ·--------- SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE TIME WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CATEGORY <N = 10) X s_ .. ···~ -·····------'" 2 s N NHAT -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- BETULA GLANDULOSA <SEC) 62. 10.3 1061.7 10 12 BETULA PAPYRIFERA <SEC) .. 1 • . .. 0 ·~ 0.3 10 11 +L SALIX PLJLCHRA <SEC) 50. 12.0 1437.7 :1.0 24 SALIX GLAUCA <SEC) 2. '0. 6 3.6 10 58 SALIX LANATA (SEC) --. --·------··--------~-~-------. 1; ----------. 0 • 2 0 -~·4 ............... ------····· 10 ... ~~ ~ .... . 26----. SALIX ALAXENSIS (SEC) 1 • 0.2 0.3 10 31 ALNUS SHWATA <SEC) 1 • 0.2 0.3 10 31 110VE T It1E EtETWEEN PLOTS (SEC> 1 1 1 • 14.8 2200.9 10 ·a TOTAL TH\E F'EH PLOT w MOVE 227. 28.0 7843.9 10 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- } W I T H I N I.W \HI ""_] TABLE J1l MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES C4M2> OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR SITE 6. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE < NHAT > -IS-TI·1E-NUMIIEf.:-dF--SAMFTi NG iJ~H TS REOU I REt1-··ro-EfAr:n:TE···rHE·---·--·-·-------------------- TIME WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80Z CONFIDENCE~ -· CATEGORY <N ::: ··10> X s s X BETULA GLANDULOSA <SEC> 75. a.o 635.5 BETULA PAPYRIFERA CSEC> 1. 0 t 3 1.. 1. N 10 lO NHAT 5 3:1. WITHIN WN S ~~ L I X PU L C H R A < SEC) . .. . ..... -----------------------·--4 4 ;· . . --. . •· . -----·--------iO:' . . 7.7-· OJ96.1 10 ... --------. "''"13""""' __ _ SALIX GLAUCA (SEC> 10. SALIX LANATA CSEC> 4. SALIX ALAXENSIS (SEC> ALNUS SINUATA <SEC> MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC> TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W HOVE 2 •. 1 • 189. 325. 3.3 108.5 2.8 78.7 Li 12.2 o.~ o.2 110.0 120928.9 111.0 123273.8 10 1.0 10 10 10 10 50 175 104 12 140 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ···c J J c .. : __ ~ J ··•·'·-•--~~ ] ) --,. __ ,) J WNHA } ~] l ---,, __ l 'j --l ~ ~, ) I -~ ) TABLE i!f3 t1EANS, STANDARD Ef~ ROI~S, AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES < 4t12) OF SELECTEti····s~4f~UB-SF;ECIEs· INtii()ItiU-~lLL Y ?1~~r1 ... CD~1ItiN£D F'OR -----·"'"· SITE 7. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THt TIME WITHIN-201.-OF' fHE-: tH::AN WITH 80:Y. CONFIDENCE:. -2 'l l CATEGORY tN-=-for~------------~~---------x -------------s:.:··------s -----H ------------NHAT _________ WITHIN --wN ----wN: l)ETULA GLANDULOSA <SEC> ---------.. ---~-------------- BETULA PAPYRIFERA <SEC> SALIX PULCHRA <SEC> SALIX GLAUCA <SECf-- SALIX LANATA <SEC> SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC> ALNUS SINUATA <SEC> --- MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC) TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOVE ·----~ --. . ' ------------····· X --~------· ----.... 39. 5.5 1 • 0. 1 25. 5.2 "if~ ·----------2.6 36. 7.5 1 • 0.3 i. -0.1 139. 27.1 253. 25.6 306.() 0.2 266.7 ---68.0 558.9 0.7 0.1 7355.t! 6561.8 --1 o----~ ------- to 10 10 10 ---9 ----------- 10 18 23" 19 10 .. 15 iO --- 10 10 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- . -----------------~---------------·-·--·-----·-···· ·-· --------------------------' -----TABLE BY¥ MEA~is, s TANDARi• · Era:~o-r<s ;-ANDvARiANCEs-·i=aR·-t IHts--<4H2 >-----··------------- or SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR OPEN LOW DWARF . BIRCH-WILLOW. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE CNHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF S~k~[fNb UNti'§-REfiUi~E~ Tb SA~P[E·T~E-- TIME WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH BOX CONFIDENCE, 2 CATEGORY CN = 61> X s N X NHAT -------~---------·-· ----------· .. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------BETULA GLANttULOSA <SEC> 52. 3.5 749.4 61 12 BETULA PAPYRIFERA CSEC> 2. 0.5 16.2 61 147 SALIX PULCHRA CSEC) 34 ~------3.5-756.0 61 .. 27 SALIX GLAUCA <SEC) a. 1. 3 101.4 61 66 SALIX LA NATA CSEC> 10. 2.3 323.6 61 134 SAliX ALAXENSiS <SEC> --i ~-----()~2-------2-.-e------· ----61-• •· ---oT•• -·• 86 ALNUS SINUATA CSEC) 1 • 0.1 0.7 61 38 MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS CSEC> 148. 26.2 41955.5 61 79 TOTAL TIME F'ER PLOT w HOVE 257. .... 26.6 431?4.5 61 J WITHIN WN WNHAT BMS N= 6 BN ItNHAT 608.08 55 10 2304.26 5 35 16.27 55 147 15.67 5 142 577.91 55 --2t··------·271s;·21---s------9s--· 92.14 55 60 203.85 5 133 176.33 55 73 1944.13 5 799 -2.70 5:r--az--~9 .., 13:r-- 0.72 55 40 0.27 5 15 43235;92 55 81 27870.67 5 52 44165.34 . 55--... -. ·----. ----32274. at· 5 •' •-•• ·• ·----·---c J ~ I ~: ,- l -~ 1 . J J 1 --··--... --.-···· -· --· -------··-···-., . .,.~. . ... ---------....• ·-------... -· . ---. -·····-·-----------···--······----.. -----. -· -------------......... -·. -----~--------·----~----~----~ ~ ~ ~L~-JJ~;; M~~~s -; -;~~~oA~ o-[ R R o~s ~-AN o-~~~! AN~E 5-~a~-~! ME;-~ ~M; ;---------· ---------··-- OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR SITE 3. -N IS-THE: NUtHtEt'C OF-SAMF·LI NG-UNITS. THE EST I MATEn-SAMF'LE _____ --------·-·--··------- SIZE (NHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE TIME WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH BOX CONFIDENCE. -. --.. --.. ·····-------------------------------.. --· ---··-·· ··-···--.... --------------~---·-··-------· . ---.. -... ., ....... . ----------------------------------------------------------------------~--------- 2 GATEGOf~Y <N = 9) x s_ s N NHAT WITHIN WN wm --------------·---------------. x--------..... -------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- BETULA GLANDULOSA <SEC> BETULA PAPYRIFERA ~SEt) SALIX PULCHRA (SEC> SALIX GLAUCA <SEC> SALIX LANATA <SEC> 3. 1.1 -........ ~-------.... ···--·-·--·-····· l~ ;· ---~ ·-----~---0. 2 102. 22.6 22. 17.2 1 • 0. 4 10.0 0.4 4604.6 2662.5 1.5 SALIX ALAXENSIS CSEC> 10. 4.5 178.4 ALNUS SINUATA CSEC> 1. 0.4 1.8 MOVE TIME BETW'tinr i=·Lo i!f-TSE e r-----·----;!'6(f;·-·-·-·-··---f29 ;r· 1.500 5·7. o· TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOVE 401. 149.2 200246.7 9 .. 9 9 9 9 58 ---·-·-----··1. 3---------· .. 19 219 62 ....... ----· -----~ ___________ ,. ____ . ·-- 9 "70 9 35 . ~-_ _. ...... .-..... --'··-('}' -----·-----------------·---91. ·--·-·· --~-----~ . h.------------.-..·- 9 ~ ----...... _ ..... _ .. __ .. _ ------...... --------------..... --------.... -------4-----_4 ___ ---_____ .. _________ -----------w TABLE 8~, MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES <4M2> OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES IN[IIVHIUAL[Y-At-HI COHEciNE{I FDn OF·EN LOW ·wiLLOW TYPE, N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS, THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE CNHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE TIME WITHIN 20Z OF THE MEAN WlT~ SO~ CONFIDENCE, -2 CATEGORY (N = 9) --··--·-x--------~-----s:::~----------s · ---------w·--------NHAT X BETULA GLANDULOSA <SEC> 3.----~ ·---· . Lr·-· 10.0 9 58 10.00 BETULA PAPYRIFERA CSEC> 1. 0.2 0.4 9 13 0.44 SALIX F'ULCimA <SEC> 102. 22.6 4604.6 9 19 4604.61 SALIX GLAUCA <SEC) --. 2 2 .----------i1 • 2 2662.5----"" ··-. ·-~ ----~-9 219 2662.50 SALIX LANATA <SEC> 1. 0.4 1. 5 9 62 1.50 SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC) 10. 4.5 178.4 9 70 178.44 ALNUS SINUATA <SEC) --i. o;4 La 9 35 1.78 HOVE TIME BETWEEN f'LOTS <SEC) 260. 129.1 150057.0 9 91150057.00 TOTAL TIME f'ER PLOT w MOVE 401. 149.2 200246.7 9 ~00246.70 .J _I J 8 58 ____ ---------o ;·-------o----1--- a 13 -o.oo 0 0 8 .19 o.oo 0 1 B -""219-------o-;-·--o--~-- B 62 o. 0 1 a 70 -o.oo 0 0 :_.\_ a 35 --·------------·--=o-; oo·--·-o------u--~ a 91 o. 0 1 a -0.01 0 1 TABLE ~~7 MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES C10M2> OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR BITE :t. o. N -is -tlfE·----~IUM BE R----·-·cfF···-·-s r~\M F· L I ~fG--l)~j l·;t S ~-----T ~~E. --ESTIMATE D---·s tiM f5 l:l::----~-----~ ------------------~---·------------------------------------------------------------- SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE TIME WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE. ---. ·---"----.,. . -. -. -.. --. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 CATEGORY <N = 10) X S_ S N NHAT WITHIN WN WNHAT -------------------------------------.-~------...---............... ~-~~---~~----....... --~x------~-------------.. -~-------______ ,__ __ ~~-----~------------------------------------~~---------------------------- ---------------------~---------------------------------------------------------- BETULA GLANDULOSA CSEC> 84. 11.2 1245.6 10 8 BETULA F'AF'YR I FEF:A (SECT~--~ --~-----l. ~-0. 4 J.. 4 --10 73 SALIX PULCHRA (SEC) 36. 8.2 675.1 10 22 SALIX GLAUCA CSEC> 13. 5.1 259.4 10 67 HAL I X LAN AT A ( SEC) .. ~ --. -------------:--z:f§_()";J ""'--5 k"1J"l3 6 ~-3 -··:· 1 9 57 2 L 8 ---------1 o··----------· -3 91----· -·· --- SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC) . 2. 0.7' 4.9 10 51 ALNUS SINUATA <SEC> 2. 0.4 1.8 10 30 .. t10VE TH1E BETWEEN F·LOTS.HH::C)----~------46. ---. 5.8 341.6 10 7 TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOVE 322. 1.37.4 188708.2 10 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------TABLE B'/K MEANS, STANDARD ERF'dJRS ,-At•tii VARIANCES FOR. TIMES .. ( iOM2) ---------------··--········--······- OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR SITE 11. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE <NHAT> ·fs "iHE--NliMi!E-f~--oF·--sA"t1F'LING-0Nfts--r.:EllOIRED .. TO SM1F'LE·--nHr-·----------------------- TIME WITHIN 20X OF THE MEAN WITH BOX CONFIDENCE. -CATEGOf\Y <N = 10) X s_ s N NHAT WITHIN WN WNHAT X -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- BETULA GLANDULOSA (SEC) 44. a.o 638.4 10 14 BETULA PAPYRIFERA (SEC> 1. 0.7 5.6 10 118 SALIX PUL.CHF\A <SECS··-·--------·-----~----------·-5;·· ---------Ot8 .. -···--. 6.8 ··-·--l0·-----------·----i2 _______________________ ·-.. SALIX GLAUCA <SEC) . 10. 2.6 1 68.9 10 31 SALIX LANATA (SEC) 1. 0.2 0.5 10 12 SAL I X ALA X ENS IS -< SEC )--------------------------i-;--·-----0 ~ 2--------.. . . 0 • 2 .. --1 o· -----------------2 0 ... ALNUS SINlJATA (SEC> 1. 0.2 0.3 10 17 MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS (SEC) 114. 6.1 376.9 10 2 TOTAL TIME F'EH PLOT i.f MOVE. ---------··-17'7. 7.8 611.8 10 ----------------------------------------------L--------------------------------- C.,:.,'"J ':;ih:.,,, __ ,) ~J ... J J I ) ,:_,j _,,I I 41 ..... J J ' '-"'----' J l l 1 -l ) ~~~~~-~~q-~~~N~~-;~~~~~~~-~~~~~;~-~N~~~A~~AN~~~-;~~-~~~~5-~~;M;;---------------- oF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR WOODLAND BLACK- WHITE SPRUCE TYPE, N lS NUii[iER OF SAHF'UIW UNITS.-. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE INHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE TIME WITHIN 20X OF THE MEAN WITH BOX CONFIDENCE. ·--· ·-·--. . ~ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CATEGORY IN = 20) BETULA GLANDULOSA ISEC> BETULA PAPYRIFERA CSECl SALIX PULCHRA <SEC> X s_ j( s 2 N 64, Bol 1315.6 20 . -·r;-· -----6.4 . 3.4 20 20. 5·4 574.2 20 11. 2.8 157.9 20 SALIX GLAUCA <SEC> SALIX LANATA <SEC> SALIX ALAXENSIS ISEC> ALNUS SINUATA (SEC! -----,--~zo..-1·· ...... ~, 6s-;2--92999 ;a _________ :10--- HOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC) TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W HOVE 1. 0.4 2.9 20 1. 0.2 1.1 20 ao~----------a.a--i56o;a -------__ 20 250. 69.0 95256.7 20 NHAT 14 ----106 57 53 769 65 31 11 l WITHIN 941.9B 3.52 340.92 164.16 92961.14 2.56 1.07 :3:59.25 94660.01 1 l --------------------- WN WNHAT 9MS N= 2 BN BNHAT ------- 18 10 B040,05 1 BO -10 109 ------~--1-;'1s-----r----39-- ta 34 4774. os 1 473 18 55 45.00 1 15 -·1a -/l!B~---'1549l;-;2o--r-----79o-- 1B ·sa a,4::; 1 19o 18 29 2,45 1 65 ---19 -·-3----------231aa-;os ___ T ______ tso __ .. _ 18 105996.80 1 . --------····--···-. -·-----···----------- I 0 ~--~ ~--·-·---~···---·-···--··-··--••·•••••---·---------~----------------···--·M-00 ·-·-··-· 00 --00' •·-· 0 • ·-·· --~------""' -----·-·•OoO-o0 • ._ .. ,,._....._.. _ _.. ................................... ,,,.,_ .......... ,...._ ___ .. _______ , .. ___.......,_.,.,, .. ,,0 --,,,...,.... ........ .,.,._ ___ . • -~- TABLE .BSo MEANS, STANDARD ERRDR8, AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES <10M2> OF SELECTEt1-SHRiJI~--SF;Et f ES -1 NtilV I f1UALL y--AND COHB I NED FOR -----------------------------------. "-------------------------------- SITE 14. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS· REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE TIME WI THitf 20% OF -ti.fE MtAFf--WI tH 807. CDNF I DENCE. - -2 CATEGORY -( N =; -'10)------~----x------~------s.:.. ----------·g -------·-·----·--·------·---w-·-------------NHAT ---------l.riTHIN ----wN _____ WNHAT X BETULA GLANIIULOSA (SEC> ---· ·---·-·· 92. 7.2 520.8 10 3 [IETULA F'APYRIFERA <SEC> 1 t 0.1 0.1 10 6 SALIX PULCHf{A (SEC) 16 • 1LB 1388.5 10 234 SALIX GLAUCA <SEC) . - -l • 0.3 i. 1.1 10 20 SALIX LANATA <SEC> 1 t 0.7 4.7 10 192 SALIX ALAXENSIS (SEC) l. • 0.2 0.3 10 3:1. ALNUS SINUA'TA <SEC> . 1 • 0.3 0.8 10 55 1-iOIJE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC> 49. 4. 4 .. 193.6 10 4 TOTAL TH1E PER F'LOT w ~10VE 161. 14.9 2216.5 10 .. _,_----. ·-~--------------------------------------------------------------------------------- J l I :• i ... ~ > •• ' • ] · .... ) J l l ---.. ··~--~-----.. --. -~-----··---·•'"••-~---·------ -· . " -. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES (10M2> SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR }: TABLE ES/ MEANS, OF SELECTED SITE 1'5 •. N SIZE <NHAT> Tlt1E WITHIN IS T ~~ E ... N UM B.E l~---·-o F .. -· s·A t1 r~· J_ IN (l--LJ t~ ITS • . T ~~ E ESTIMATE 1) SA MP ~~ r:.:··-·-.. ·-· --·--------~ .. --______________ .. _ --~--~-~----·-·· .... -----------------...... ··~. IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE. . .. ·-·--· . . " -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CATEGOf~Y <N == 10) X BETULA GLANDULOSA <SEC) 85. BETULA PAPYF: I FERA < SEC y··-· -···'>--···-·-··-.. 1~ SALIX F'lJLCHRA <SEC) 24. SALIX GLAUCA <SEC> 1 • SALIX U~NAH1 <SEC) 1 • SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC) 1 • ALNUS SINUATA <SEC> 1. MDVE TIME BETWEEN F·'Lofs--fsE:f.)----·----·-i30. TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOVE 243. t' ,::)_ X 5.7 0.2 10.6 0.2 0.2 0. 1 0.2 20.1. 22.6 2 s 320.1 o.2 1129.0 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.4 4028.1 5089.2 N 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 NUAT 2 -· 20" ---· .. HO :H 4b 12 26 10 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------• WITHIN WN WNHA I ,.;·=; .. ~. ; • • TABLE B$L MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARiANCES FOF: T I t1ES (1OM2) OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR SITE 1Bt N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE <NHAT) IS-THE NUH£1Ef~ OF f3At1F'LING IJNITS REQUIRED TO SAMF'LE THE. TIME WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE, 2 CATEGOFU <N ::: 10> X s N X BETULA GLANDULOSA <SEC) 57. 3.6 128.2 10 BETULA F'AF'YRIFERA (SEC) 1 • Od 0+2 10 S(.1LIX PULCHF\A (SEC) ----··•k• ----· ··-44. 7.9 620.4 10 SALIX GLAUCA <SEC> 6. 2 t .2 48+3 10 SALIX LA NATA (SEC) 17. 7.1 505.9 10 SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEt> , .. ---···------. ---------· --3. 1 t 6-25.7 10 ------------. ALNUS SINUATA (SEC) 1 • 0.5 2.9 10 MOVE TIME BETI~EEN PLOTS (SEC> 68. C' I::" ..1 • ,J 302.4 10 TOTAL THIE F'E F\ PLOT w HOVE 197. 14.5 2101.8 10 NHAT 2 j 'J .L 14 66 73 --103 --- 62 3 ---------------------------------------------------------------------~---------- J "" _,) J ,J "--J " ,J ----- ' '' WITHIN WN WNI ~ ~ 0 J .,,:,:::_;) - I r ~ I 1 . J J .... 1 . -] --1 --.. l TABLE f>S3 MEANS, STANIIARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES (1OM2> OF SELECTED-SHRUB S~~tits-iHtii~IIIOALL~ AND COMBINED FbR SITE 19. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE <NHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE TIME WITHIN 20X OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE. -2 CATEGORY (tf = -'j 0 r·-----------x------·g: ----·--· ... S ...... ---.......... _ ..................... N --------NH AT---·'-W lT HI N .. --w N·---·w N ~- X f.!ETIJLA GLANDIJLOSA (SEC) BETULA PAPYRIFERA <SEC> SALIX PULCHRA <SEC> · .. ---------· ·-·--.ro. ·· .. -----6. 2 SALIX GLAUCA CSEC) SALIX LANATA CSEC> SALIX ALAXENSIS (SEC> ALNUS SINUATA (SEC> MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS (SEC> TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOVE ... ,. 1 • 0 t 2 15. L 1 • o. 1 ;· ....... . 130. 188. 3.6 . 0 •. 2 0. 1 0.2 0.2 29.5 27.3 381.6 10 ···--· 10' 0.3 10 31 131.3 10 23 0.3 10 31. 0.2 10 12 0.3 10 ./J <7 0.3 10 31 B689.6 10 22 7428.7 10 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- TAI•LE B=i'/ MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, ANti VAIHANCtS FOR TIMES (10M2) OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR WOODLAND BLACK SPRUCE TYPE. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS, THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE jNHATl IS THE NUMBER OF-~AHPLfNG-DNit~ REQUtREn-lO SAMPLE THE TIME WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH BOX CONFIDENCE. -·-·-__ 2 ___ - CATEGOFn (N = 40) X s_ s N X BETULA GLANDULOSA (SEC> 69. 4.4 761.5 40 BETULA f'APYRIFERA <SEC> 1 • 0' 1 0.2 40 SALIX F'ULCHRA (SEC) 25. 4.7 893;9--40 SALIX GLAUCA <SEC) 2. 0.6 15.8 40 SALIX LANATA <SEC) 5. 2.0 168.0 40 Nil AT 7 15 60 162 299 SALIX ALAXEI~SiS <SEC> . --·T-;-----~-6-::4 ________ 7;-.. c-----·4o·-------· "195 ALNUS SINUATA <SEC) 1 • 0.2 1.1 40 57 MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC> 94. 10.5 4409.3 40 21 TOTAL TIME F'ER PLOT w MOVE . -i 97;----·-io.9·---4 769.7' ··-··· 40 -.... c .. J .J WITHIN WN WNHAT IIMS N= 4 DN liNI-IAT 337.67 36 3 5847.63 3 51 0. 19 36 15 0. 17 3 13 817.32 36 55 -·1813-;3T ____ 3 ___ 12 .. 12.48 36 128 55.53 3 569 127.75 36 228 651.1'3 3 1158 6.61 :36 -174 7.17 :r-451--.- 1. 11 36 57 1.20 3 61 3303.42 36 16 17679.22 3 82 4209.05 36 n 4 97-;-li·a-----3 ---- J . 1 1 ·--·-· ~----··· -----·-····-· -... ·-... --····-.. ---~----~-·"··---------------·---··--··---·····-···--·---·-. ~A i~~ ~ ·-g 5:? M ~~ N~~ -~ ~ ~~~AR ~~-~ R·~ ~R; ·;-~N~~-· ~ ~R -~ ~N~ ~ 8 ·-~~R--~ ~ ~£5-~; ~ ~; ~----------------- OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR sITE 16. tf"J: s ·rHr::·-NDMEiER. ··oF·· SAMF'[ :i: NG .. UN its; THE ES r":i: MAtE ti-5M1F·CE:·-------"----······· .. --··--.. ---··-·-·-------·-·-- SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE TIME WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE. -2 ' •oo•o•o ··-• .. , • '''''• ko0M 00• ... ..,_, •0 --~-.. --,,.,,., ___________ --· --o o• oo-,o'• · ·-~····--· .... ·•·•-· , .,-o, ••••·--·-·• ;o,. o• •••·• •• ,, CATEGORY <N = 10) X s_ S N NHAT WITHIN WN --····-·· -----··· ··--· ·---·----·----·-··-·--·-------·-·····---------x----·--··--·-----·--........... ···---------·-----.......... ··---·-··----.. -----·--· ·-···--··-·-·· ... -. ··-....... ···-·----- BETULA GLANDULOSA CSEC) 18, 6,0 BETULA PAPYRIFERA -(SEcf··-------------···---7. ---·-·-----4.0 SALIX PULCHRA <SEC> B. 4.2 SALIX GLAUCA (SEC> 5. 3.4 SALIX LMMTA <SECT ............ ·······. ---···-·---r;·· -· ...... 0.3 SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC> 1. 0.2 . ALNUS SINUATA (SEC) 20, 8,1 MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC> i19. 38.6 TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOVE 178. 48.8 365.3 . 158 .·7 174.7 114.8 .. 0 t 8 0.6 651.6 14900.4 23789.2 10 4tl --To ......... --------13 3 . 10 128 10 196 "1 0 .. . . ......... . 26 10 i'B 10 t)9 10 44 10 .... --. ~ ~ w WNHAl ; I ' I : ! ' i TA[-1LE fj~(p t1EANSr STANDARD ERf~()RS, AND VARIANCES-FOR TIMES <10M2> OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COHDINED FOR SITE 17. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE < UHAT r· Is THE:--NUMBER. OF-SAMr-·L ING-UNITS HE:OU Ha~r~ to SAMPLE-THE TIME WITHIN 20~ OF THE MEAN WITH BOX CONFIDENCE. --CATEGORY <N ::: 10) X s_ X '2 s •• .• • * • ~ N NHAT --------------------------------------------------------------------------------BETULA GLANDULOSA <SEC> 3 • 1..1 12t2 10 BETULA PAPYRIFERA <SEC> 7. 2.9 82.4 10 SALIX F'ULCHHA CSEC) 0. 0.2 0.3 10 SALIX GLAUCA <SEC> 1 • 0.2 0.2 10 !3ALIX LA NATA <SEC> 1 • 0.2 0.3 10 WITHIN WN WNI SALIX AL.AXENSIS <SEC>--. --~ ... -----~-------L 0.-2 0.4 --· "·······--·· .. 10. --2 6 -........ ----· -·--------------· --------------.-...... . ALNUS SINUATA <SEC> 1 • 0.2 0.2 10 20 110VE Tit1E BETWEEN PLOTS CSEC> 82. 11.4 1288.4 10 a TClTAL TH1E PEr\ PLOT " w M o VEC--·-. ---------95. 12~4 1533.9 10 .. I I "'.J ' .;.;.1 .::1 --1 .J ] . .-.;J J --·"·-~-~ ,~-. I -""'--~· 1-- 1 1 1 - l 1 .. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------TABLE &$7 MEANS• STANIIARD ERRORS, ANrr VARIANCES FOR TIMES <10M2> OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR OPEN MIXED SPRUCE-BIRCH TYPE, N IS .NUMBE~ OF SA~PLING UNITS, ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE TIME WITHIN 20X OF THE MEAN WITH BOX CONFIDENCE. ---~------------------~---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 CATEGORY <N :: 20) X s_ s N NI·IAT X BETULA GLANIIULDSA <SEC> 10. 3.5 242.1 20 91 BETULA F'APYRIFERA <SEC> ---7 ;·-------2. 4 --11 4 • 2 --·---·-- -2 0 .. 99 SALIX F'ULCHRA (SEC> 4. 2.2 96,2 20 253 SALIX GLAUCA <SEC) 3. 1. 7 59.1 20 309 SALIX LANATA <SEC) T; --------·-0 , 2 ··--(j • 6 --·--... --· ---20 32 SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC> 1. 0,2 0.5 20 22 ALNUS SINUATA <SEC> 10. 4.5 403.7 20 159 MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC> 1 (j 1 • 20.0 8020.9 20 33 TOTAL TIME PER PLOT w MOVE 137. 26.3 13829,9 20 1 1 ---~-~----------·---· .... -------·---------------- ··----j WITHIN WN WNHAT BMS N~ 2 BN BNHAT . \ 188.76 18 71 120.53 18 -10-4 87.49 18 230 1201.25 1 451 "< ' o ;2o ----T-------r~ 252.05 1 662 '"\ 57.50 18 301 0.52 19 30 0.51 19 21 88.20 1 461 ~ '1, 25·--~-1 ------71--.. -- o.ao 1 33 ., 325.90 18 129 8094.40 18 33 1805,00 1 711 6697. eo--··-1 ------28 __ _ 12661.52 19 34861.25 1 I , I I::! - I TABLE B~g t1EANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR T It1ES (1OM2) OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR SITE 8. N .. IS THE NUt1BE:J:~-·-ar-·-sAMF'LHIG-UNI TS .----tHE-EsttHATEit SAMP[E--. ---· -----------------------------·--. ------··· --------- SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE TIME WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE. -• > •• • • --""" ----•• -• -----. -----·· -------------------• -'-~ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 CATEGORY <N ::: 11> X s_ s N NHAT WITHIN WN WNHAl --+--··T-.. --.-------------.-....---.. ·-------------·"--------····-··· ----·--------___ X -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- BETULA GLANDULOSA <SEC) .· ... -1 ~·) ,47.··,,., 25.3 7054.6 11 133 BETULA PAF'YR I FERA. <SEC> ··-··· ···-----· ........ -2 4 • io.o 1092.8 .. -1 i 77 .. SALIX f'LJLCHF\A <SEC) 1 1 • 5.2 301.6 11 98 SALIX GLAUCA <SEC) 1 • 0.3 0.7 11 3~) SALIX U1NATA <SEC) .......... ____ '000-• --M--~ --~----~----· 2 ;-·-1. 3 18.2 ·---. -· ----~----·· -11 15T SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC> 99. 9.8 1055.0 11 5 ALNUS SINUATA <SEC) 55. 7.1 553.6 11 ·a MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC> 1 0 i. • 18.4 3732t9 u. 1 ~) TOTAL TH1E PER PLOT w HOVE 341t 45.1 22352.4 11 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- .) ·----~ ... 1 I .. _ I 1 1 l J TABLE B~1 MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES <10M2) OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR }_, SITE 9. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE j SIZE . ( N HAT f-t S -T HE"--NU~il:! E F~ --or.·-s AMP Lt N G ·uNITs· f\ E: aU I f~ED T 0 ·s AHF'L t--THE: _________ --------------------------------------------... TIME WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE. CATEGOf\Y <N = 9) X X s '")- "-· N NHAT ·-' 4------· . -----··--... ~----------------------------------------------------------------------------------BETULA GLANDULOSA (SEC) 13 • 1<:11t''". 12.1 1317.2 9 309 BETULA PAPYRIFERA <SEC) 6. 3.6 119.4 9 141 SAL I X PLILCHRA --{ ~fEC )---·----·-------------·-------35. ------------. 6 • 1 ----~ ··-~-~. i~!' -----·· . 333.0 9 SALIX GLAUCA CSEC> 24. 10.2 944.0 9 65 SALIX LANATA <SEC> 6. 4.1 153.6 9 169 SALIX ALAXENSIS (SEC) 27. 6.7 406.9 9 24 ALNUS SINUATA <SEC> 9. 4.0 142.8 9 66 MOUE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC) 158. 30.3 8254.8 9 14 WITHIN WN WNI ·--~--. -· -~----··-····- TOTAL TIME f'ER Ftor-W HdUE:----------------279~--31. o--""8654-~ 9 -··· ------·--·-~--·-·. -·9 ---·-···-------------------····----------·--~---· ........ ··-··--· .............................. h ............................ ----..................... ··-...... .;. .... --.................... -·· ........ --................ ··---................................. --................ -............ --................ - - - - -................ ---• ~;; s ~ E -64o-~EANs ~-s ~ ANDAR r.·· E RRa~s ~-AND-~;~~ A NeE~-; a R-~I ~E s-~ ~ ~~ 2 ~---··-----------·- OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR TALL WILLOW TYPE. N IS THE NUHnER.OF. SAMPLING-UNITS; THE ESTIMATEn SAMPLE SIZE CNHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE TIME WITHIN 20~ OF THE MEAN WITH 80~ CONFIDENCE, -----------------------------------------------------------------------------~-- 2 CATEGORY CN = 20) X s_ s NHAT X BETULA GLANDULOSA <SEC> 32 ••• ~j(.,.l 15.1 4560.0 20 107 BETULA F'AF'YRIFERA <SEC> 16. ----·---6.0 . 712.6 20 115 SALIX F'ULCHRA <SEC> 22. 4.7 441.5 20 39 SALIX GLAUCA <SEC> 12. 5.2 542.2 20 168 SALIX LANATA <SEC> -----·-4 ;------~2 • 0 - - -78. 3 ~~ ----20-----206" SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC) 67. 10.2 2085.5 20 20 ALNUS SINUATA <SEC> 35. 6.7 892.2 20 31 MOIJE TH1E BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC> 127. u. 7 6283.2 20 16 TOTAL TIME F·Er\ PLOT w ~lOVE 313. 28.6 16404,8 20 -'"-··· WITHIN WN WNHAT BHS N= 2 BN BNHAT 4504.65 18 185 5556.81 228 660 .14 18 107 -----------1656 ;42·------~~-26T 315.57 18 28 2709.02 1 234 419.95 78.36 18 131 2741.87 1 850 ----18 --::·206 ________ 76",42 1 201-'--~--1 766.98 18 a 25819.44 1 240 371.01 18 13 10272.78 1 354 5742.60 1 8 1 5 16 o 14 • 2 2 1 -· ---,n--- 16264.62 18 18928.72 1 .. J • ... J --------~---------···--------·--··· ··-----------·---------·····-···-·-·-···---·1-·-------·-· ---·------ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- TABLE 8~1 MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES (10M2> OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR SITE 12. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE l ~ ~ ~~ ~ ~~~ ~ ~--~~%-~~~----~~~B ~~~~A~~W i~w:·~~~G_C~~~ i ilt:;~~~~t I f\E D TO. _8~~1~·~~--!!~~-----·---·-·----·----· --·-·---------. --------------_ _I CATEGORY ·· ·x · --------tL-- X BETULA GLANDULOSA--TSEC) ----------------- BETULA PAPYRIFERA <SEC> 7 3-;------------6.9 a. 1..2 SALIX PULCHRA <SEC> 38. 7.5 SAL. I X GLA UCA (SEC) -·-----·-·--·-··-···-----------------11. --··· -------3 + 3 SALIX LANATA <SEC) 27. 6.8 SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC) 4. 1.3 ALNUS SINUATA <SEC) 1 t 0.4 MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC) 61.. 11 .1 TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOVE 219. 15.1 2 s NHAT ~JITHIN 480~7 ·--------·------1 0 ------------~--.-4. -------------------- 15.3 10 80 555.3 10 16 ~ . .-. -·-·····-·-. ·-. ·-... ---··· 111.8 10 41 467.0 10 27 15.8 10 34 1.3 10 37 1240.4 10 14 2280.5 10 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- WN ... -WH' ] T ABLE &._2... ME AN S , S T A N DAR It E:r~ R () R S , AN 1:1 VA R I AN C E B F 0 R T I t1 E S < 1 0 M 2 ) OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR SITE 13. N IS TH~ ND~eE~ OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE- SIZE CNHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE. TIME WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE. . . ------"" . -. -. -· . ·-· . --. . ... --. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CATEGORY CN = 10) X s_ X BETULA GLANDULOSA CSEC) 46. 7.6 BETULA PAPYRIFERA (SEC)" .. ------·-----1 ~---0.2 SALIX PULCHRA (SEC). 15. 3.8 SALIX GLAUCA <SEC) a. 2.7 SALIX LAN?1TA (SEC> -------------------·-·--···· ") .. ·------····-· ---. L.t 0.6 SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC> 1 • 0.2 ALNUS SINUATA <SEC) 1 • 0.2 .. HOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC> :1.32. 26.4 TOTAL TH1E PER PLOT w MOVE 204. 33.1 s ,., "· 576.7 0.3 148.2 72.1 3.8 o.s 0.3 6956.0 10925.3 J J N NHAT 10 12 1 0 -. -·-· ------. -17 10 27 10 48 ···1o -----------·-· -62 10 311 10 46 10 17 10 J I .J .. l . ·---·--.. _, ·--··· ·····- ~-; WITHIN WN WNH J -----~ w J "J I -. -l TABLE f>~j MEANS,. STANDARD--ERRORS, -A~Ift--V-ARIANCES. Ft)R-TIMES < iOM2)-- OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR SITE 4. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE l BIZ E < NHAT > . IS -t H£(~-a·N lft·1ti E::"f~ ~ 0 F-··---s·AMF~,L-I NO tJ N i·Ts ·-·f.: E aU :t RE rr r·o 5 AMF'l.E -~ .. tHE-----~-~--~---·------------------H----·--.. ·~-·-·------~- T I ME WITHIN 20r. OF THE ME AN IH TH BOX CONFIDENCE • -CATEGOr-:Y <N = 10) X s_ 2 s N NHAT WITHIN WN WNHAT .. ······--·· . --··--··--··----····~---------------· ----··-·---·--···-· -·--------·--·--·······------····--·--··--··-·--·--··-··--··----------·-.. ·--·····------·------··-·---·---- X .. ~----------~---~---.. --..... ·---··· .. --......... --~·----.. ·-...... ......,_. __ .... _,.._...._ -·----..... ------··-····· -. -· .. --~ . -..... --···· ·---·······-··------~·-··--··---------~ ··-· --~---.--... -------~----·--------·-----· -----~-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------BETULA GLANDULOSA <SEC> 79. 6.2 386.B 10 3 BETULA F'AF'YR I FEF:A <SEC> 1 • 0.2 0.2 10. 6 BI-1LIX F'ULCHF~A < SECf .. ·-.. -· ·--· -~---------~----- 84. 6~3 10 . ........ --- 3 •· 397.4 SALIX GLAUCA <SEC> 46. 20.6 4253.3 10 8'1 ~- SALIX LANATA <SEC> 3. 1 • 1 13.2 10 65'' S~1LIX ALAXENSIS <SEC> ~s • 0.7 5.4 10 3~S ~ (il.NUS SINUr-1TA <SEC> 1 • 0.3 1 • 1 10 3:L w MDI)[ TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC> 231. 113.1 127970.9 10 9f:l --· TOTAL TIME PER PLiJT w . ' MOVE 448. 124.1 10 -·---------··---------------------.. ·-· . . --.-.... --------------------154006.5 TABLE 8,1 MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES (10M2> OF SELECTED SHRU9 SP~C!£tr iNDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED fOR - SITE 5. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE <NHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE · TIME WITHIN 207. OF-THE--HEAI~---Wll'}~ BO% ___ CONI='ItlENCE. ----------·· -· ------.---~ .. --_. ·-----.----·-··----v-----..... -2 CATEGOF~Y < N -=---1 <»-----------------·--x--· ----------------~r_------------s -·----------------·-t-r-----------·~tHAT. --. --WITHIN --WN WHHAl X BETULA GLAND\Jl.OSA <SEt> 72. 6.9 481t4 10 4 BETULA PAPYRIFERA <SEC) 2. 0.4 2.0 :1.0 25 S?lLIX PULCHRA <SEC) 48. 4.6 213.8 10 4 SALIX GLAUCA <SEC) 2. --0.3 0.9 10 .... ---·-. ··-18 -- SALIX LANATA <SEC) 1 • 0.2 0.3 10 17 SALIX ALAXENBIS (SEC) 1. 0.1. 0.1 10 6 AU-IUS SINUATA (SEC) i. 0. 1 . ---·---~----~ .. ------~-----~--·-· 0.2 10 t·o tWt.!E TH1E BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC> 142. 30.7 9440.4 10 20 TOTAL TH1E PEf~ PLOT w MOVE 268. 27.9 7800.7 10 ---. ---·· ---·-·--· ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- __ J J , __ j .J J 'I -'I 1 1 ~ ~ ;~;-i3~? ~~~~;:-; ~~ ~ ~~~~ ~~-~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ;·;-~;~~~--~ ~ ~ i ~~~ ~;-; ~ ~ .. ~ i ~ ~; .. ~ ~ ~ ~ ;~--.......... --.. -.. ·---- OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR SITE 6. N IS --THE·-~~UMBER tll~-----SA Mt=· L.t ~~ G ..... UNITS·; .. -THE ESTIMATE [1 ___ SA'H FiLe:·------~-~~------------------------~~~---·---... ___ -~--------~------------------~--- SIZE CNHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE TIME WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE • .... -. -·-.... -----............... ------. . -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 CATEGORY <N = 10> X s_ s N NHAT WITHIN WN WNHAT . ·---~----------------------------------------------·--·----·-----·-""""'' -----X -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- BETULA GLANDULOSA <SEC> 94. 8.5 724.4 10 4 --·---------~ ----·-(SEC> ... ------·-. ···--------·-. 1. • ... . .. 0.4 :LO _____ . .. 55---·· ......... _, --"" -·-····. --. -BETULA PAPYRIFERA 1 • :~ SALIX F'ULCHRA (SEC> SALIX GLAUCA (SEC> --.------~--~ S?1L I X LA NATA <SEC> SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC> ALNUS SINUATA (SEC) MOVE TIME DE TWEEN PLOTS -<SEC) -· TOTAL Tlt1E PER PLOT w MOVE 52. 7.0 487.4 a. 2.7 74.2 5 .--~ -··--~-~ --...... .. 58.0 2.4 1 • 0.5 2.3 2. 0.5 2.5 131. 38.3 14640.1 294. 39.6 15649.3 10 10 1 0 -------~-- 10 10 :tO :tO B 45 . -~------96 _____ 4B 40 35 -·~---------·----------------~------- ···-------~~------~- ·w w ~ ~;~~-A4Z-~~~~;-:-srAw nA~ r, ~-E~~ ~~; ~-~;~ ~-C ~R ~-A~~~~-; ~R-~ ~ ~~ s ~. ~ ~~-~ ;;-=-=~~~-:· ~-~=--==--~=--- OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR SITE 7. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE <NHAT> IS THE-NUMM:.R OF BAMPLING.UNITS f\ECWIRED TO SAMPLE THE--·---··-·-····-·---------·----------·-·------- TIME WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE. CATEGOf~Y <N = 10) X s_ X 2 s N NHAT WITHIN WN WNH . ---------... ., .. ------. ·--.----.. ----· ... ------· --------·-· -----------------------· -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------BETULA GLANDUL.OSA <SEC> BETULA PAPYf.:IFERA (SEC> -----.. GAL IX F'ULCHF:A <SEC> SALIX GLAUCA <SEC> Sr1LIX LANATA <SEC) SALIX f.1LAXENSIB <SEC> ALNUS SINUATA <SEC> ---...... "--·-~ -·----..... ~ ... ---· MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC) TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W ~QUE 39. 7.2 518.5 1 • 0.3 0•7 28; 2.6 68.7 26. 10.6 1.128.2 38. 5.3 280.4 1 • 0.2 0.6 1 • Od 0. 1 ----••• •k• ~ 251. 80.8 65326.4 -~· ... -... -. --.. 384. 86.1 74190.7 10 10 '10. 10 10 10 10 15 2B . -"-·-----"·----. .A ---... 68 8 113 6 ------~------~·.,..-•~----------·-----ul -------4 lO 10 43 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- .J .J .I .. I J J J .. J ~ w 'S.. J . -·· I J -I · r~;~E-8~7-HrAN~~-srAN~A~~-E~~~;~~-ANo-vAR~ANcE~-;~~-r~HE~-~1~H;~---------------- oF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR OPEN LOW DWARF BIRCH-WILLOW, N IS THE NUMBER OF-SAMPLING-UNITS,. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE--. SIZE <NHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE TIME WITHIN 20X OF THE MEAN WITH BOX CONFIDENCE, 2 CATEGORY <N = 60) x s_ N NHAT .. ·---. ·----·· --------------· X-------.. BETULA GLANDULDSA <SEC> 67. 3.8 852.3 60 8 BETULA PAPYRIFERA <SEC> 1 • 0.2 3.5 60 67 SALIX PULCHRA <SEC) 44. 3.6 757.4 60 17 SALIX GLAUCA <SEC> 1 7. 4.3 1094.8 60 159 SALIX LANATA <SEC) -13 ;-· -------2 ' 4 - --339; 0 60-89 SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC> 2. 0.3 5o4 60 64 ALNUS SINUATA (SEC) 1 • 0.1 0.9 60 35 MOVE. TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC) 1513;·-------25.4 38647;6 60 64 WITHIN 528.08 3.30 311.82 940.10 '137.13 4.11 0,91 37595.70 TOTAL TIME PEr~ PLOT w MOVE 303. 28.3 48165.6 60 44142.17 l • -··---··-----·--··--------------------------~--~ WN WNHAT BMS N= 6 Btl BNHAT 54 5 4354.35 5 . 40 54 63 ---·----···-· --···-5;35 ___ ·s----·-1o2 ___ 54 7 5569.12 5 118 54 137 2765.20 " 402 ..J 54 ---36·-------2518-; 7s--s--oso-c 54 49 19.83 5 234 54 33 1.35 5 49 .. ~:: 54 62' -·-------50008; 32 ---5 ---E2~ 54 91618.75 5 • • • • • ' ! ·• I I I '". ~- I TABLE 8tqg MEANS, STANDARD Ef\RORS, AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES (10M2> OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR SITE 3. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE T 'o ··~·· ·-... ""'-'' '~'" o•••O•o•••••-.•o• 0 o' o•o•o••• ., .. ·-····-~ oOo~·''" •''>• oO·-.'-·<•• ~ ••··-···~••·•••-•••·~·-·.-.. ~--~·····••• SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE TIME: WI Hfnr·~~('f%. ar·-·rHC .. ME:?H·rYtl'H··-eo~·-CONI~· I [IENCE:-~ ----.. ··--·······--·-·------------·-------------·-·····-------------------------------------- -2 CAT E G 0 F{ Y . --. -f~f' ·;; -9 T -------------·--· --·-x· -------... ---------S _ S ........... --............... -----;.r·----NHAT --------·wITHIN .. ---lJN _____ WN X BETULA GLANDULOSt-1 (SEC> 13; 11.6 1216.8 9 .. ·---"295 BETULA PAF'YRIFERA <SEC> e. 6.4 36(::.. 5 9 211 SALIX PULCHRA <SEC) 131. 24.3 5300.5 9 13 SALIX GLAUCA <SEC> .... ----.. ----····--------· . ·-s; 5.0 224.6 . ---. --. ····---··· . '9 ·--------14 B ----------- SALIX LANATA <SEC> 2. 0.9 7.7 9 64 SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC) "'" .J • 3.5 111.3 9 ··183 ALNUS SINUATA (SEC> 1 • 0.3 o.o 9 31 HOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC> 251. 1 O~i. 5 100167.3 9 6 ... .. , TOTAL TH1E PER PLOT ~~ MOVE 420. 93.3 7826"7.9 9 -.. . ...... '··---~-. -·-··------· ----·-.... . -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- I J 1 .I J .. -j J l 1 . ---··-·-------~ ~~;~~-~1~~~~;:-;~~~~~~;~--~~~~~;:-~N~-·vti~xANc~~-;;~-~x~~s-~~;;~;~---------------- oF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR OPEN LOW WILLOW TYPE, N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS, THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF BAHPLlNG UNITS REGUIRED TO SAMPLE THE TIME WITHIN 20~ OF THE MEAN WITH BO~ CONFIDENCE, 2 CATEGORY <N " 9) x s_ s N NHAT WITHIN WN WNUAT BMS N= BNHAT X . . --------------------------------------------------------------------------------BETULA GLANDULOSA <SEC> BETULA PAPYRIFERA <SEC> SALIX ~ULCHRA (SEC> SALIX GLAUCA <SEC) SALIX LANATA <SEC) SALIX ALAXENSis· <SEC> ALNUS SlNUATA <SEC> MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC> TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOVE 13. 11.6 1216.8 a. 6.4 366,5 · i 3 r-;~----24; 3---:53oo. 5 e. 5.o 224.6 2. 0.9 7.7 5. j;5___ 111.3 1. o.3 o.e 251. 105.5 100167.3 420. 93.3 78267.9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 295 1216.75 a 295 o. o 1 211 366.53 a 211 o.oo o 1 .... · 13 --s3oo .so-··-·a ·-13··----------o-;-----·-·o-----1--- 148 224.61 8 148 o.oo 0 1 64 7.69 8 64 o.oo 0 1 1a3 111.2s ··-u·-·1a3·--------o.--~~-----I--"""'< 31 0.75 8 31 o. 0 1 65100167.25 8 65 o. 0 1 78267.86 e -o.oo o _./'· ·------------·-·--··-·---.. ---. ----------------------'...,..-- APPENDIX C - - .,..... I - - , .... - - - .... Browse Pilot Study APPENDIX C DENSITY STATISTICS WITHOUT Betula glandulosa Means, standard errors, variances, and estimated sample sizes for 4-m 2 plot size density estimates for selected shrub species. Betula glandulosa has been excluded from the analysis. Density estimates are presented by level IV vegetation type. The within estimated sample size (WHNAT) is the total numher -2 of 4~Jl1 plots required to sample the density in the vegetation type within 20% of the mean with 67% confidence. These density plot are then evenly allocated to the number of sites samp Ted in -the type. { I l l l ,,_ ····-····-.-··-------------------c-------=n __ TABLE e~ MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS <4M2) Or SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR WOODLAND BLACK- WHITE SPRUCE TYPE, N IS NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS, THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE :1(~.:~~ '"fiJi; ------!JENSlTY ·wiHIHJ 20% OF THE ME~--\IlTfro7if ClHH"lN:~I1CE;-·-------... ----------------------------_________________________ .... CATEGDIU <tl "' 20> BETULA F'Af'YRIFEi(A SALIX F'ULCHRA SALIX GLAUCA ---TOTAL -ALL--~;F-·Et I En X 7. 3. l(i, ----------------------------------------- s_ X s 2 0~3------T~ 3.2 209.4 0.9 15.7 3.6 ~!52. B /" N NHAT WITHIN loiN WNHAT BMS N= 2 BN 2 () .. ----------"""50 1 -;-"2"5-ra~o 20 120 172 I 26 18 99 877.81 1 501 20 52 16.53 18 .. 55 1.25 1 5 20 69 211:!. 09 18 59 -877. BT ----r--~--2""37 -- -----------------·---·---·----·····---·- ---~·- I . l ] TABLE CL MEANS, STANDARD CRRORS, AND VARIANCCS FOR STEM COUNTS C4M2l ---or:· !:>ELE:CH:Ir SlHWI.l Sf''ECIFE INlJIVIDU~lLLY ANI.i COtiBINEJ:i F(Jr:: l·JOODLAND ltLJ,CI< SPRUCE TYPE, N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE blZE <111!.'-d-) n; THE IHJtiBU\ CW ::;AMI"LH!G UNITE r~EOLIH:ED TO Std\F'U:: THE OUI~il"rY f,!JTiiUl :Co:::. OF T:1E MEM< tHTH b/'1. CONFII.IErlCE. 2 C ,', T E G D f( Y -.; () ) X X ;:.r-.ux r·uL c m: '" 1l 3.4 4 "? ~~ ,, 40 . . .::. ::; P.d .. I X Lt.Nt\Ti~l 10. ~~. 9 602.~3 40 TOT(.,L ALL ::;r·EC IE;:; ::o. 5.3 1103.3 40 .-.. J .1 .J HH.;T WITHIN WN-WNHAT-BMS"N~ 102 47/,.16 36 1.02 4 50 • 1 b --"3 . 9/' 167 35J. .67 36 'lO 3610,00 J 1001 l -~ 01 [)89. 8·\ 36 ~.)4. 3664.32 3 223 ) l ! l l 1 -1 TABLE Cl MEANS• STANDARD ERRORSr AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS (4M2> -----~-OF~ SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES Hft•iVH!i.fAllY "Miri COMBINED FOR i:JPEN M1XED SPRUCE-BIRCH TYPE. N IS NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS, ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE INHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE UCNSITY WITiliN 20% OF THE HEAN WlTH 61% CONFIDENCE, DETULA PAPYRIFERA SALIX PULCHRA ALNUS SINUATA -TOTALALL ~sf:~Et IE~,-- 20) X -·--·-----·· t! ..•.....• <>- X 2 s 20 20 20 20 l ] ·• ---_.,----------·-------[ -·--------------------..... -.. ··-· --··-· ·--·----- -WNHAI . -uMs:·N=----2-Im-·--DNHAT >:• , .·.--..;~!: : ~IITHIN "WN · 501 1;25 1a so1·· -·-·-1;2s-··--r--·-sor-~. 501 15.31 18 501 15.31 1 501 -~' 501 5.00 19 501 5.00 1 501 fiF? ___ -19;-62--~-nr -Ull ---------25";3~I~4K"".,....-r.,..c' ,.-;.;!fl. < 1f'.-(;·-~: TABLE Ci MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS• AND VARIANCES FOR SlEM COUNTS (4M2l . --~~-··oT-3Ei..ttl'LD. ~Hif':I!Il f>F'f:CIES !NlHi..•tD-!MLLY MHI t:OfHli:NED F!)R Tt\L.L WILLOW TYPE. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE ~;I ZC ( UH {.; T! I~; ·r I \L UI.J li l::EF: DF ~:;;;f1F'L I NCI UNIT~; F:EULJ I HED TO SAMPLE THE UUI!ilTY 14ITIUN 20;-:, OF fHJ:: MEMI lJ!TH 67% CONFIDENCE, Lt; T L i:; OI(Y DLfULn PAPYRIFERA :;rlL. I X F'ULCHii;~, S(IL l X t;Lr:;XENS I:> >~i...NUG C)lNUAlf'; TOTAL All... SPECIES .J X 2 .. 1 ::.~ ·, 40. ., '. 60. 1 • 0 :·5. 4 6.6 2.6 7t5 2 s 22.0 20 2~.~2,4 20 Bl'i"'. 8 20 l ;50. :3 :?0 1121.6 20 J 24~S •l :·5 14 72 8 ~JITHIN :,' l ~46 18 '1 '7 0 ..:.. ..... 7 :1.1~~.92 1"' ,, ;!2 749.48 18 j ,., ·"- 10?.7? lB 61 1:l:l2.8~:i 18 8 J I ' ! I 2 I! i·l -. :t@l t-1 T ----· 3;[ ~ 2 ~) :1. 236~~~ t 3:l l 3187.81 l ~;oo·.-oo-:1. 1280.00 348 43G 49 '!'?"'---,.-~ ~ !~t-, . ~ . ......z........ J 1 ·~·- . ~~~'k . •! TA[ILE t~ MEANS, STANDAf\D ERf\Of\S, AN [I VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS ( •HI2) lltsUECIEll-~Hfmr,-Sf:· EC 1 E S ··1 f4 ITiiJIDUAl[Y·-·ANDl:!OH!flN£11-r-'OT;:-'OF· ION L 0 w· [IWi'iRF. ~··BIRCH-WILLOW, N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS, ·THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE (NHATl IG THE NLIMI{ER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE -------!lENS rf'Y --~HnH N 20% OF 1 H£:: HE: AN ·w tnr·b 77. ~CONf:' HiENCc--- ') -~ .. •' ( .,,.;, ; . "' '. , .. i : ·_":.;~~·?.· .,.· ·---~y-----~--s-=:~----··s·---;--_-_ ----N-~--NHAT-~WiTifiN-wt.r----wNHAT-~~= X· 1-----,--,--------------------·--·-· -----------,-.---,-, -------,-~~-~-----,---~-----... ' ·.~.~ ·. . ' 6 ••••~----•·•••·•--•••-••••--••••••••-••••~•~•·•••••-•••••••-••-••-••••-••••-••--·~-·•••--••••--••-••-••-••-•••••••••••••·-----M•-•••••• TIHoCE·C~ MEMJG, ST'''dHIM:It EF:fWF:S, ;,ND VARIM~CEG FCH~ STEt'! COUNTS (41-12) nr SELECTED SHRUD SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR OPEN LOW WILLOW TYF'E, tJ r::; TilE: NUtiBH: DF GMWLHIG UNITS. THE ESTit1,~TED SMWLE !IIZL (Nfi?ITl lS THE tHJtHIEfi OF !3MiF'LING UNITS F\EUUHiED TO SM'IF'LE THE DEUSITY ~JITIIIN 20~;. OF THE ~'li::Ml WITH 67/:. CONFIDEtlCE. c,; T Ei.l 0 RY " A X '') .. N NHAT '" •••••oo•·••••••-•••••••·-••••••-··•••-~-·---••••-••••••-••••~---•••••·--·•••••••·~···--~~---··H•••••••-••••-••••••••••-•••••••••--••••--- :>ALJX r·uu.11ru'l 116. 31.0 B653~3 9 Lb S (\li >: (1 Lt,XE ilB I b 6 t 4. ~) 179.9 9 1:1.1 TOTAL ALL SPECIES 12:~. ;1,0' 4 8324.1 9 1.4 ••••·~--~~·------•-••--••••••••••---••••••••--••••-•••••••R••·~--···•••••••••-••••••••••-••-••-•• ) ] .I .J LJJTHlN 14N ac.~~:;~3. :~.o 8 16. o.oo :l/9.86 8 111 -·0 .oo 8324. n 8 14 o.oo .J _I 0 0 0 0 1 . ' . ' . ~ ~ . ~ ,ll .,. ! :. 1 '· ------...... • ;1. ·~¥ ,.... i I i - APPENDIX D - - - ,-. Browse Pilot Study APPENDIX D TI~1E TO ESTIMATE DENSITY ~JITHOUT Betula glandul osa ~leans, standard errors, and variances for 4-m 2 plot size density time estinates. Time to count stems of each selected shrub species and move time between plots is presented by level IV vegetation type. Betula glandulosa has been excluded from the analysis. Estimated sample sizes for times are not used. ] . --·-rl\r;L_·["-l)t--M-EAt~S,-ST MHIARD El'( Rrms, At.fri ... (i~l·r, I ANCES FOFi . TIMES (4ti2) OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR WOODLAND BLACK- IJIIITC ~>Pr;UCE TYF·E. N n; N1JtH1Eti OF fJAttF'LING UNITD. THE ESTIMATED SM1F'LE ~)J.ZE \tJH(.1l) 1~: THL tWI'IBEf( OF SAt\PUNG UNITS r;:ECHJII~ED TO SAt1F'LE THE TIME WilHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 67% CONFIDENCE. cr,TEGORY (~~ :..:. 20) BETULA PAPYRIFERA CSECl SALIX PULCHRA !SECJ SALIX GLAUCA CSECl SALIX LANATA <SECl SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC) ALNUS SlNUATA ISECI HOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS ISECl TOTAL TlME PER PLOT W MOVE ----. 1 ' 16. 5. .., <,. 1 • 1 • 102. 129. s_ X 0 .. .5 4.4 1 -, . ' 0,6 0.4 0.1 18.4 20,6 s 4.7 ~~80. 6 55.5 6.6 2.9 0.3 6778.3 8505.5 20 2() 20 20 20 20 20 20 56 36 55 51 43 17 17 13 ~JITHIN 14N 4.81 :LFJ 2~:2, ~JO 18 53.94 18 5.84 1G 2.83 18 0.:34 l.B 7126.00 18 8850,79 18 (. -· ·---·-··· ----~-·------~-----------._ • . WNHAT 2 BN 58 2.45 :~ 1 3225.80 53 84.05" 46 20.00 42 3.20 18 -"0. 00 18 520.20 14 2289,80 1 l 1 1. 1. 1 1 1 BNHAT ·; .• : 30 300 -· 83-·--.-~·· l;'• 2 ·--~~;~.i.E o-~ -· ti[MJS, STtd·HIArm Cf<F\Of\::;; .AtiD--VAr<IANCE~1 FClf\ THIES 14~12) OF SElECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AMD COMBINED FOR WOODLAND BLACK SPfWCE TYF'E, N IS THE IHHIDEH OF Sr'\t\F'LH!G !HUTS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE CNHATl IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE ·1 U1E I.JlTHIN ::0~{. OF THE j··lEM [;liTH 67% CONFIDENCE. 2 C?1T E G OR't <N '-' 40) X s_ X s BETULf~l F' AF'Y F; IF E f;: ,:·, <SEGl 1 . 0.2 1. 7 40 SALIX f·UL C HF: f', ( !oEC) 13, 2.2 201 • 6 ,,0 ::.til.. I X GLf.ilJC(i < SEU l . 0.2 1.6 40 !o?1LJX L Allf"ll I) (SEC) CJ t 3. 4 466.6 •1 0 sr,ux llUlXHISif.) (£)[[) 1 . 0.3 2.8 40 fiLIWS S I NUtd· f; < ~:iE C l 1. Ot2 :t .2 40 MDVL TIME ftl:Tk![[)J PL.DTb ( SECJ T' '. 9.0 :5216.9 40 TOTI~L T I ~lE F'Eh F· L. CJ ·1 w f'i(Jt)[ 104. 10. :; 4216,8 40 NHf.\T 58 30 27 141. 44 36 14 10 -·-----------------------------~---··------------------···--·-------------------·--·---------------------·-·---------------------- .J .. J J WITHIN Wr1 1. 73 36 168.42 36 1 .04 36 26B.32 3,S 1 .94 36 J. .24 36 23t..o, El3 36 2S'JOt73 36 .... --· --·----------------·--·-------------..., WNHAT BMS N= 60 0,97 25 600.33 1.8 8.49 82 2845.40 :w 1:3.43 3'7 0 ;(, 'i 10 13490.()3 7 20129.1/' :5 3 :5 :5 3 :3 3 ::1 .J 34 89 .... i-12---,-... 8 60 r:r· 207. ' .. ,. ~~ 1----· ·~·' "., ;), 4'7 .I l TADLFfi3 MEANS• STANDARD ERRORS; AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES C4M2l OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR OPEN MIXED SPRUCE-BIRCH TYPE. N IS NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. ESTIMATED S~MPLE SIZE CNHATl IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE TIME WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 67% CONFIDENCE. CcHEGOF:Y CN '" 20) BETULA PAPYRIFCRA CSECl SALIX PULCHRA CSECl SALIX GLAUCA !SEC> SALIX LANATA CSEC) SALIX ALAXENSIS CSECl ALNUS SINUATA CSECl MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS CSECl fOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOVE X 1.' 3. 1·. ··- l. . l . 2. 73. 81 . 1 s N 0. 4 2.9 20 1.4 3'7.6 20 0. 1 (),4 :20 0.2 0. (J 20 0 t ~~ 0. ~) 20 1. 1 ~?.2 t 9 20 8,9 :1.578.2 20 H.~; 1.456.6 20 ) ~) ~.) 153 1.l 2B ,..,n .:.:\.1 108 B (., .. l . ·--·-··--·-·---·-·--. ·-·· .. --·--·-~....,.-.11 ·. ;~. ·--· ···-·--··-·---· --.. ·-. -··-------! WITHIN ~Jtl BN BNHAT " ., )< .. --...:..t:. 2. f.l9 18 55 2.45 1 47 3"1. 16 18 143 84.05 1. 32~ 1 .. -1 ~~--· :;?1~' :l 31> ;~:J~ :1. 11 , .. 0 t 3~~~ 18 11 0; 45- ()'58 :1.8 26· 1 'I 2~3 (),56 1.8 2~? (). 20 :!2. 98 18 188 22'; 0~1 1 180 ..: __ _.:... 1bl.)5,25 18 8 11. t25 l l:HS',/':1. 18 ~i 320.00 2 .L ·- ------------p--~------------------••••••••••••••••·--••••••••••••-••---••••••••••••••••---•••·---·•·•--••••-·•--••--•••••••••o•w--··-- TABLE DV MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES 14M2) - Of SELECTED GHI~UH SPECIES HlDilJIDUt1LlY MHl COtHIINED FOR TALL WlLL.Dl·J TYPE, N IB THE NUtillf:l~ '()F-1lMif''LHW UNITS, THE ESTHiATEil f)r,HF'LE ~>IZE WllATI :ts THE tWME:ER OF SM1PLING UNITS REC1UIREt1 TO SMWLE THE TIME WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 67% CONFIDENCE, -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CI',TEGDF\Y Ol '" 20) BETULA PAPYRIFERA !SEC) SALIX PULCHRA !SEC) SALIX GLAUCA ISECl ___ ___J!fi_l,):_~_J-r, tl AT A •: SEC ) SALIX ALAXENSIS CSECJ ALNUS SINUATA ISECl X ,. ,J • 1 'I, 3. J.. 2l t X ~.i • :l o.? 0.2 12. :; 2 95.7 ~j12~0 16.0 0,6 31.1;2.6 ~}39.9 N 20 20 ?0 :~ () 20 :~ 0 ... 86 38 4" -· 10 19 31 r-----· ------.-- 110\Jl:. Tltll: BFT! ... ILF!• i''L.DT::; 13f:::C) T OH1L T I hF f' U·: I'' LOT IJ r10'.JE 127. ll.2 1Bo5 2~:;:~ 1 t .t) 685t •• 2 .I 20 20 4 3 J WITHIN \!.IN WNHAT FMS N= 2 BN DNHAT BO, ·17 18 -.,., 1.:.. 234.31 18 1'7 11,99 lFJ 34 0.67 18 10 -----:;;;; ~--' 36'} .80 :l 330 I --55H-.2o · r--· · :399-~!' 8B. 20 245 .~-~~ 0. 20 l 3 -~- 2073.92 1B ~-.. l3 -------2-23"18-:-o-~;--r·---"I·:n-. -- 274.68 18 :1.6 !.\ ~!31.3.80 1 302 \; .''~ ---·---~---------.-.---------~~---~·--··-. --· ·------------------~--------... ---~~ 240(-. t ~1 ~3 6'?BfJ.20 1G 18 J 4:'i9(). 45 80B0.2l 1 l. B 4 1 !'ABLE/)!) t1EMH1, E:TMH<MW Ef\fWf\~1' ,~ND IJAfiiANCES nm TIMES i<1t12) OF SELECTED :;HRIH< sr·ECTEG IlH<IVIDU<,LLY MID COMBINED FOf;: OPEN LOlJ DWMIF BIRCH-WILLOW. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE !iiZE <IHlfY!) IS lHI~ NUril'.EI~ OF Sf.1MPl..ING UtHTS F:EQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE TIME WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 67% CONFIDENCE. (ij"' /Jl) s_ X 2 N 9ElULA ~APYRIFERA (SEC) ,., o.s 16.2 61 .:.:t !3ALIX f'ULCHHA < Gl::c) :54. 3.5 7~:;6. 0 61 !:>AL. I X GL,~,uc,~, <!:iCC) a. 1 . ~~ 101 • 4 61. SAUX LMJAT.) <SEC) 10. 2 • ~5 323.6 61 SALIX ALAYENSIS < ~!EC) 1 . 0.2 2.8 61 M .. NUG SitHJ~,TA <SEC) 1 . 0. l 0,7 6:1. tif:jl}[' TIME IICTWEDI f'LOn1 <SEC) jl\8. 2b.2 41755.5 61 I'D TAL TIIiE PEP !"LOT ~.1 110 V' E 20~5. 26.3 4210(),5 r::\ l NHf·1T WITHHl I;JN -90 16.27 55 l.l ~577t-9:!. .::·c· ~-~ ,J 41. 92. l ·1 c:-t::· ._1 ~J 82 17b,33 ~"' ..J •. } 53 2.70 55 2:5 (1,'?2 t:'l!!' ,~t ,J 40 4323~). 92 r:-r.: _,"' 26 4;3:"5];'3. 22 r;·t::- ._.I .. } WNHAT 90 D 37 45 50 24 50 26 271~5~21 20~i.85 -1.944.13 4,39 '278?0.67·- l IINHAT .. 58 81 4G8 81 9 . :. ,, ··:~2 .. --.. 17 STANDARD ERRORSr AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES 14M2) TflltLE Dlo i1EMlS, tjr-· ~; F LL C TED TYPE, N 1~3 f>IZE (NHATl rIME. WI Til IN SHRUD SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AHD COMBINED FOR OPEN LOW WILLOW THE f·IUt\fiEf( OF Sf.,MF·LING UNITS, rHE ESTHit!lTD SAMPLE IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 67% CONFIDENCE, ( tl ·" 9) ------ri"EfUCinc·r\P'(ktrEI(tl <SEC i SALIX PULCHRA ISEC) SALIX GLAUCA CSECl SALIX LANATA ISECl SALIX ALAXENSIS CSECl ALNUS SINUATA CSECl . ··Kef('E ··n fTE-i:lET~·JEF{N F'LOT S <SEC) TOTAL TIHE PER PLOT W NOVE X --r:··-- 102. "") .. ~ Lit..+ 1 . :LO • J. . 260; 39B, C' :;_ ··o. 2 22~-6 1 -, ") I+ .i,_ 0.4 4. ~~ 0.4 129.1 148.3 s ,., "" o;4 ·1604. 6 2662t5 1 '" • ,J 178.4 l .a t5005F. o 1 'T'lWN:., fJ ') 9 9 9 9 'I S' ~~ WITHIN WN 8 ... . 0. ·14 12 4604.61 D4 2662.50 3B 1 ~~50 43 178.44 ~; '1 --~ .... 1.?!3 ~j 6 l :'; () 0 :·5 j ·; 6 0 32:1.9/'89~) t 86 -.. I a 13 8 B s <'• c1 -H 8 WNHAT 8 1 ·:> 134 :30 4:r 22 .::· ' ,J I..~ .. 32 J ·-····----~·-------~-----J --------...-,..----~-... ---------------------...... o. 0 0. 0 --o.oo 0 ·-0 '00 0 ···--·-.. ----·()-. -------u -o.oo 0 1 0 0 . ........ _____ , .... ·-------·· .. --·------··-,..,.,., .• ,,.":'l'd!i' l APPENDIX E - ~ -- r • r r t - - Browse Pilot Study t-\eans, APPENDIX E DENSITY STATISTICS, 4M 2 PLOTS, FROM 1982 2 standard errors, variances, and estimated sample sizes for 4-rl plot size density estimates for selected shrub species. ~ilodified frorn data collected in 1982 by Steigers et al. (1983). Betula glandulosa and other shrubs not sampled in the pilot study are excluded. Density estimates are presented by level IV vegetation type. The within estimated sample size (WNHAT) is the total number of 4-m 2 plots required to sample the density in the vegetation type within 20% of the mean with 67% confidence. These density plots are then evenly allocated to the number of sites sampled in the type. i ~J I l 1 -J 1 . ~l J ., ] J I ] .. --·--~-------~--~-~ Table_ Ef 2 ( N ·" 105) X --··------·· --------------· SALIX f·ULCHHf', STEt1E/lO H2 9, -~td __ ___12·~-L2 10::; SM. I X Gi..AUU, r::TF.ti3/ 10 r\2 ~:i, 1. 2 1 ::<1?, 'l --~Jo::; SALIX LANATA STEHS/10 M2 5, 1.6 260.5 105 297 202.20 98 1213.39 6 1 :~79 ALNUS SINUATA ST~MS/10 M2 2. 0,9 79,9 105 456 77.81 98 444 114,70 ---m171C-AL L si'T-t1f:i/i:0M2 !..!..=. _____ :::o--~ (;;o-l -'-. -----::..::-, -'-. 4~--t:--:, c;--1 4'-.'-=o'----->----:lc..:0:-:5:-. --~---"c::3:-::8'-----,A-0:5cf:c:~--'.-::3':"~:--=Y-138~-"-.:'2~7.-----=37o:?:-8:o~..::... • .;;-B~3--7---T;:;-:,;--~ ' ,s~;;4 ,r-:~ {.) b H1 3 ... •··-~· ---:f1f· 11270 OPEN BLACK SPRUCE 2 CATEGORY <N = 150) X ...... C' , ,. ::!-s ,·: N NHAT WITHIN WN '' WNHAT ·;:, I!HS. N= '· ----------------------------------------------------------~---------------------• . , . I ··l·i ·--~-~------·--·---·--·------ .] .. J . ,· -~ J . . I _ .. lible _£~----------____ _ )_32_1 () [I WAR F_l't I_f~ CH 2 SALIX PULCHF:(l E>TEI1S/10 ri 2 4. 1 .o 2b6t0 :! ~:; 7 SALIX GLAUU1 lH E 1-'i ::; /J. 0 l12 l 0,5 :~i 7. 6 2~~; 7 TOTAL ALL STEMS/10 ti2 1:;' 1 ,, '11 c 1::· 2::i7 .J • t . ..::. • .!' ~) .J •• J l --------------------------------------::--o-c .<rr~ 3-"iB 1 B3'; 330 206.,~~2 23'?' 270 !:i6 t ';.:\f 239 1.79<> ~:.69. 'ill 239 244• 1101 .J. 0 ,, ( C" I I 0 t , .. ~ <: 1'?09.86 17 17 17 14:17 2443 1544 '?-~ j ;j ·~-·-·. ''l.i ··-·----·---------------~----~------~-----~------------ ~. \ . --------~--~-------~-~--~- APPENDIX. F - r" I f . . l r t r ··r- \. •i Browse Pilot Study - - APPENDIX F -GRAPHS OF DRY WEIGHT VS OCULAR ESTH1ATES Plots of dry weight against ocular estimates for each observer for each :-shrub species to determine requirements for mathematical transfornations . ..... -~ - -5 BMDP6D OCULAR EST. REGRESSION 2S7 i' + • • ..,--. + • ••• + ••• + + ..... § + + •• + + ••• + + • • • • + ••• ., + ~ + • ~-+ • "' + X+ ... + • t • + .... + • c. ,. • + ~ i' + + Y Y ·TA!3L£ Fl. 12.0 ~ + + 10.5 + .- ---------. ---------------- 'i. 00 + --------.-----------------·--- + -D 7 • -5-o----+ ---------B · -- T --------·--.-------. ----·-. 6.00 + -~----· ----------.. ...... B 3+oo---+ B B + .. -----.-------------·· B B p. ,-1. 50 + B B ·---------. ----· ----·B B B Y BBB B -B -----------+ o.oo + B B B B B B B . -B-· OB5ERV£R -~~:.1• + + + +· + ----. --- + + + * .. ,... x ••• + •••• + ..... + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + ..... + ..... + ••.•• + ..... -r •••• + .... + + • -·-----------:....--2o;·5o----. 7.-50-.. ---1-2.5 -·----17.5 . 22.5 o.oo 5.00 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 N== 40· CQ""":=-.-'7838 --···--------... ·· ·-·--------------·-· ETWT·-·- MEAN ST.DEV. REGRESSION LINE /~""" 7·-.-7350---8.0033···-·X= 1.8133*Y+ 1.2433 3.5800 3.4595 Y= .33882*X+ .95921 '..!ARIABLE ·-11 ·ETWT --·-VS. lJARIABLE--22 DI..H· I'-' F:ES.MS. . 25.349 4.7366 GROUP==BEGL 27.5 32.5 30.0 35.0 r SYMBOL==B 13 BMDP6D OCULAR EST. REGRESSION -~ .... ~ + .... -... + ...... + ••• ~ + •••• + ~ • t t + ... fo • t + .... + ...... +. + ... + •• ,. .. + t -:-.,. • + •••• + •••• + • • X ·TA-BLE F2. 40 + - -----------+ ··---·----------- 35 + 3 0---+------------ ---------.------------------ 25 + ·r ---------------.--------------------- ----·--· ---·--------· -··-· -----· ---------·------· -·-·---------------· ------ 20 + p -15--t---·--------------·· -------·· -----.. ··--·----·----------------------------· -I ---------• F' r-10 + F' p p -·-~+----------· ·- + F' ---·· ·-----'( X --·15 --35 -45 10 20 30 40 50 '.:: f}F: =--. 9711 -----------,- '-l MEAN 19-.687 13.263 ST.DEV. 21--.-243 12.103 F:EGF:ESSION LINE X= 1.7045*Y-2.9179 Y= .55330*X+ 2.3694 ETbJT·· -~ F:ES.MS. 29.969 9.7284 '-.'?tFn ABLE 11--ETW-T--. --VS •.. -VAR I Ar{LE-22 DWT-GROUF'=BEPA y p + + + + .. + ---· + --- + ______ , ..... • + 55 65 60 70 -, SYr·iBOL=F' W'-tR~IABLE---1-1--EHJT VS. VARIABL~ 21 WWT ·---GROUP=BEGL SYMBOL=B - PAGE 7 BMDP6D OCULAR EST. REGRESSION - --------~ · .-. ...f.-.--.-.-.-+-.-. • ""+·. • • +++ • •• +t • .-~·r. • •• +-•••• +.,. ••• + •• -•• + •••• +. + •• +~ +X-o-+ .. ,. tto ••• +. • Tfl-8LF F.3. s 16 + • 14 + --------~--~--~-~----------~s--~-~--------- 12 + + n -~~-1-o-----+---~--------··-·----~----s--~----------------·----~-----s-- W- T ---------.--------------·- s. + -----------.. --------------·---- + ----------------"'---~--------- s --4-. ----~+--~-~-----------8----- s s s -----------.------------------~~-----~-----~ ---s + s ss ---~-----.----~----~--~ ss- s s y s -----.---------8---------- o. + ss s s s -~ ---S s s s s ---s ---------------- s s s s s 5 s s + + + - + - -. + ~ . . . + - I t + --~--. --.. + • + • + • X+ ..... + •••• + ..... + •••• + •••• + + .... + • t •• + ...... + ..... + • " ... + ..... + ..... + + •• __ }f • -----------------2-.-5 0 o.co N= 40 - -7. 50- 5.00 --~---12. 5 10.0 -~----~ 1 -7 • 5 15.0 COR=--.-7-85-4~------··--·-· ------·---~ ---·-------·--·----·----E-TW (- X y MEAN 10.650 5.3575 ST.DEV. 8.5170 4.3375 REGRESSION LINE X= 1.5422*Y+ 2.3875 Y= .40000*X+ 1.0975 28.522 7.3976 20.0 25.0 30.0 32.5·· --- 3•. 0 '""'' .I ~GE BMDP6D OCULAR EST. REGRESSION 2&o ---. + •. , ..... + •• • .. t • "' • • + .. + •• + + • , • t ••• t + • + • + + • ..... + • + • "' + • ••• + ••• • + .... X+ • ,. • • t • .-Y • + • - l I -~ • TA-BLF FY. 24 L I 21 + ~~-------.-~---------------···-· --- --------· -.------------------ 18 + -------+ + .. ------------------.-----------------------·----.. 12 + ~-.. ·------·--~~ --.---- G G G ,....-~--~·-----~------------------------~---~----~---- 1 G 9. + -G G G G G- ~ ~---------f·-------------------------------· -------· G----------------··-··-· -· ---------·-----------··- -G 6.------+ G GG G ~---·-·----.-------· -----·-··-G------- 8 3. + -····-· --.. ----. ·-··---------·----·--G -·· .... --------~ GG G G .. ~-------··-··----G--------------·----~---~~----------. --·------ 0. y G + + + + • + ' • + + + + -· . + .. .. + .. + .t.x •• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• ~ •••• t •••• t •••• t. ------·--·----·----5.-----------------15---------25 o. 10 20 i' : 27 ---~··-----35 30 40 COR=--.-9•:7-1·2---------------·-·-------------------------ETWT-· MEAN ST.DEV. REGRESSION LINE ---~0-.933---1-6.-193 -X= 2. 1-642*Y+--3. 5072 v I r-8.0519 6.7430 Y= .37526*X+ .19641 RES.MS. 51+ 229 --· 8.8827 45 55 50 60 l, 1RlABl-E--·11 -E-T-\.1-T----------VS ,.-VARIABLE----22 DWT ---GfWI.JF'=SAGL -· ··-J SYMBOL=G. 10 BMDP6D OCULAR EST. REGRESSION 65 - 70 40 + 35 + -----.....-------------.------------···--- 30 + . -----·-··--·-···----------------- D ---2-5--+· -------------' w T ·------------. -·-·- + 20 + --------.---------- --------------------... ----- 15 + ------~--------.---.. -----------·--· + -+ ·-·- L --------···----------.--------------- o. + 2~/ - ·,y - -. + + + -+ + ----" -L + L + "'"':+ ' + ~-. '-. + Y o + X ., • • + .. • • • + • ... .. • + • .. .. • + .. • .. • + • • .. o -+ .. • • • + .. .. • • + • • .,. • + • • • • t • • • .. + .. + .. • + • • • • + • ., W • ---------·-·---·-···---·-·---12---z·o 2a 36 ·· · 4·~ 52 6o 8. 16 24 32 40 48 56 N== 5 C OR-=--.-9 4 6·-1---<---~--·· .. ·----------------------·-··· ·--ETW T- v _ ..... .._ tiE AN 28.200 12.560 ST.DEV. 22.095 14.789 REGRESSION LINE X= 1.4135*Y+ 10.446 Y= .63327*X-5.2981 RES.MS. 30.577 1) A R 1-A-Bl: E----1-1--E-T-W-+-----V S-. ---VARIABlE---2 2 -DlH-------·-GROUP=SALA-----f-SYMBOL=L .£AGE 17 BMDP6D OCULAR EST. REGRESSION ----. -2 02 - ...... + + • + + + + "' + • + ••• + + •• + • + •••• -} • t • t + • t + t + + • + +-+ t • "' I'> + • + •• + • ~ + • t + I I • + • + •• X + '( · TftBLr Fi>. A • 60.0 + -!;"') "'" + \o..ol.~ + .J .. ---------.- + 45.0-+------·-· -~-----·--------.-·---·~---------- 37.5 + --------~--.------·-.. -.-------- 30.0 + + A + + A ~ ------2 2-t:~S-----'r----- - -· .- -I r 15.0 + ~-.. -------------------. A ----- -----.--------- 7.50 + --. ··------.. ~------------------.. --------- .A AA y A X-,.-.--.--.,-+-.--•• -.--+--•• --. , + •• + • + •• t ,-+ •.•••. +·. -··--· , + .-••• + ..... + •••• + •••• + ~ .... + + ... • + •••.• + 12.50 25.00 37.50 62.50 87.50 112.5 137.5 162.5 50.00 75.00 100.0 125.0 150.0 N=----8 -------------· ·----··------·--· cor.:= • 9849 -l'\EAN ----5-T .IIEV •. X y 45.688 17.800 58.962 21.683 VARIABLE 11 ETWT ETWT -·· REGF:ESS I ON-L-INE·----RES. MS. X= 2.6782*Y-1.9843 121.52 Y= .36220*X+ 1.2520 16.434 VS. VARIABLE 22 IIWT PAGE 1 ,-, 0 BMDP6D OCULAR EST. REGRESSION GROUF'==SAAL .L ·--------------------------------- , SYMBOL=A .1. .I. . 175 . +' ... + -l I 1 •••• + + + .. + + + + + + + + f • + + + ••• + ... + .. +' + .. ~ • + .... ~ t + • y • , + + .. + + + .,. .,. ... + ' + + t + (I + • + + + • + • + + + · TffilL£ F7 . .. -----9 ------+---------------. ---.----- 8 + -------------------------------------~----• ----------....-------_ _, ________ _ 7 + ----------~------------ D -·-&--+----------- W T --------------.--------. 5 + ·---------________ + _______ ----------------------- --------------___ + ______ .......,.. ____ _ 4 + -·---------·-----.---------------- • ---3 ---+-.. ------------- 2 + ---------------.--------·-------,---- .. ------------.--1--.. -------. ---- 1 y - + + t • + + + .. + + + .. + + + + + +. +. + •• +. + t + + .-. +. +. + + + + + + ... + + •• + + + "+. +. + + + + .... + + + • +. + ... -------------3.750 ---------5.250------6.750-----·--8 .. 250 -·· ---9.750 -------11.25---12..,;(5 3.000 4.500 6.000 7.500 9.000 10.50 12.00 -------------·-------------------------------------- N== 2 COF:== 1.000 ETWT MEAN ST.DEV. REGRESSION LINE x----=;--.-750e----7t424·6--x=---t-.3125:n-+-t-. 0562--o. oooo -------·------------------- Y 5.1000 5.6569 Y= .76190*X-.80476 0.0000 tJARIABLE----11-ETWT-----tJS. VAfUABLE -22 DWT GROUF'=ALSI ---, SYMBOL=I 1 A "RMTtPATl nCIILAf.: EST. REGRESSION ·AGE • + •••• + •••• t •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + ••• , + •••• + •••• + •• , • t •••• t •••• X.+ • • +Y • • • + • i,._, · TlrBLE F tf'. 14.00 + + - B 12.25 + + • -------------------------------------------·· -·--·------··--·-·--------··· ..... ---------··------·· -------------~------------------·-·------·-· ----------------+ rtt J .... ---------------------------·----:8----------------· ------------------B--··-------------------- • 8.750 + B • ~ . --~--------.. -------· 7.000 + . --------· ----~-----------------:rc-----------·----------------------. ----------· B + + _ · s.-25o +------------------------------------------·---·-. --·-·-------...... ---------. ---------------·------------+ 3.500 + .. ---------------------·:s-------------.. -----........ ··------·-- B B BB -__________ B_B __ 1.750 t B B B B B . --BBB--Ii----------------------- BB • B B ·-o. ·o o o ---Y ----------'-----------------------------------~---~-----------------------~---------- X+. • • .t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• + •••• + •••• t. • •• t 2.50 7.50 12.5 17.5 22.5 27.5 32.5 r -----------------o·:·o<Y 5 .o-o---10. o 15. o -2o-:-o-··----------25. o ---·---:ro--:-o--------35. :~= 33 COR= .9439 ETWT t1EAN ST.DEV. REGr.;:ESSION LINE RES.MS. 5.5758 6.7377 X= 2.0064*Y+ .01856 5.1091 X y 2--.7 6 97 __________ 3_:1_6-97 --y-~---~-4-4~fo-6ifx-+--:-·:~r93 7 3-----·--r--~-t3o7 ------~---------~----- VARIABLE 11 ETWT US. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUF':::BEGL , SYMBOL=B + PAGE 13 + + + t ... +. + .. + t·. + ... + + .... + t ••• + + • + • + t .. fo • + t t .. + + + .. + • t .. + .... + t ... "4-+ + .• t ... ~ · TA-BL E F9. . . • . . . . . - 60.0 + ----------~----~---~----~---~--- + • -~-------~-~-~· ~----~~-----~---~--- + + -·-....:....·----~~ •·•--..-.. ..... , ___ •c ______ _ F' -·------···-·-··--·· ..... ~-----····--·-·---····-----· ~ -" - It 37.5 l.f~-. ~------·--------·-·-.... ---------------------------------... ·-------·----·· ...... ---····-----·~----c T 30.0 + • -· --· --··----·----- • -+-·--------------~-------------· + • - t5 .. o + "•c-~--~ • • p ·-• 7.50 + + y p -0 .oo ·--+ .t •.•• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• + •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •• ;.t •.•. + •••• + ••• ~+ . 17.50 52.50 87.50 122.5 157.5 192.5 .. 227.5. o. boo· ------·-:3"5~ o·o--------·-7o--:-oo _______ To5-;o-----14o-;o· ------r75·.-o-·----------2To-·.-o----2~ •~-~ N== 5 COR= .9986 ETWT MEAN ST.DEV. REGRESSION LINE RES.MS. X 70~900 92.499 X= 4.1035*Y-7.1487 32.312 Y --19 ~-o 2 o--2 t:-~ro9--v-;,~.-243o·o~x;.:-r-;7 9·ro--·1-:lJT35---- !JARIABLE VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=BEPA ! 11 ETWT , SYMBOL=F' 7 BMDP6D··-ocULAF: EST. REGRESSION t .... t .. + .-r •• + .t .... t. + •• t. t + .+, + t .t .... + •• + .+ ..... +. + + .t. + + .+ .. + + .. t ... '+ .. +. + t · TlfBL£ FttJ.-·S X 14.00 + y 12.25 + + F" 10.50 + + • • -• --~---·---------------------------------------------------------------------·-··· ~ 8.750 + + T ····-----·--------------·-----····-----·---·---·--·--·-···---·-···----~--------··-----·-·------·-··--·--·---------- -7.000 + s + • s ---------------·---··-·--·--------·-----------------~------·-···· ·--·-······ -------·-··--··-----------· -----··-····· ---··-·· -·· . -. s s • s + -------~---..• ----.. --------------~----------------------------------··-· ···--. ·------·----·--·-----------·---·-·· 5.250 + s s + -------s-- • 3 .-500 + -----·-··---·s·---·-· ____ s _________ -·~--------"+ s ---~ ------· ·----------------s-·s------------------·----------.------------------------------------.. -• !""" ss 1.750 + s + ----~r--s s-s-· ---------· ----·-·---------~------·------ s s ys·----------~-·--·------------------·------.. ·---···---------------- x •• ~t .••• + •••• t .•.. t ..•. t .... + •••• t •••• t ...• + •••• t .... t .... t ...... t .... tt •. 1. 750 5.250 8.750 12.25 15.75 19.25 22.75 3 ~-5-oo------7-;ooo ----To·;-5o··--~--14-;o·o·--·--TT;5o --__ 21 ;··oo·----24--. 5o· ~F:== • 9540 EHJT MEAN ST.DEV. REGRESSION LINE RES.MS. 6.2240 5.5859 X= 1.6861*Y+ .06638 2.9260 3. -6-52o···---3-:-1-6o·c,---y-=--;s397_9_*x-t-;29--:r3·6---·--;-9·3·6 72 -------- !.)ARIABLE 11 ETWT VS. VAr\IABLE 22 DWT GROUP=SAPU SYMBOL=S ····------~--------------------------........ ----.,-- -PAGE 9 BMDP6II-OCULAR EST-•. REGRESS ION 20 7 n w T • + • • • • + • • • • t • • • • + • • • • + • • • • -1-• • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • X ·/A-ELF F/1. ~ 28.0 + -G 24.5 + G ~ • -----------...• ---··----··--·----------------------- 17.5 + ~ . --------. -.. -------·-.. --------. -- 14.0 + . ·--------·· ---------·------, . . . G 10 ~ 5 --+ . -·· -·----·· ---------·------·------···------8 ------------------------ 7.00 + G + G -GG ' -~----------------------------------------~---------------------------.-·------··· "'I 8 3.50 + G G G -• G G o.oo + • Y • • X • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • t • • • • + • • • • t • • , • + • • • • t . . • . + • • • • + • • • · • + • • • • t • • • • + • • .f· • + 3. 9. 15 21 27 33 39 -----------·o:·--------·6-:----12 1s ···-24···--3o ---:r6·-----------4 N== COR= 15 .9385 ETWT MEAN ST.DEV. REGRESSION LINE RES.MS. 11.767 10.356 X= 1.2955*Y+ 2.4301 13.767 X y 7. 2067·--·7. so_i_9 ____ Y= :67.98-7_*x·-=-·:-i93-o9 ---,T.-2-24~----------·------------·- VARIABLE 11 ETWT VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUF'=SAGL ' SYMBOL=G -... ,.,......,..__.., ~~------------------ PAGE 11 B MD P 6 D 0 C 0 LA R ---EST • -f.: EGRESS I 0 N -----------~---_______ ,_ -- .t •.•• + •••• + •••• + •••• t •.•• t •••• t •••• t •.•• t ••.. + •••• t •. x.t •••• Y •••• t •••. +. L -16 + + • + 14 + + • • • !""" 12 ----F--------------------------------------------------------------------------------~--+ + • -----------------~---------------------------__ L _______________________ ----------------------------- l.f 10 + + ;-------------------------c-------- • --·-·---------------·----------------------• a. + L + L • ------------------------------·------------------------------------------------------+ --------------------------c-------c---------------------- 4. + + • • -------------·;-----------c··--------~_-L---------------• + + L L • L • ·-------~---------y L --'-----------------+- .x .... t .... t .... t .... + •••• t .... t. + •• t .... t. + •• t .... +. + •• + •• + .+. + •• t •••• t. 2.50 7.50 12.5 17.5 22.5 27.5 32.5 ----------<f.oo---------5 .·oo·--------·To .-o------1s-:-o----20-.0---25 ~ o -----3o·-;·o------'""'35-~-o- ~== 15 :JR= .9280 MEI!iN 7.8467 4 ~-8533 ETWT ST.DEV. REGRESSION LINE RES.MS. 7.7953 X= 1.5286*Y+ .42789 9.0794 -4 ~--7327 --y-;: ---~-56-343~::iC+--;'43227 ----~-.-3-466---- SYMBOL=L • • • • • + • • • • t • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • t • • • • + • • • • t • • • • +X • • • + • • • • ~· _ T--lt&L£ __ .E/.3 , ________________________ ·------__ .... ___ . _ __ _ ----··· ___ 202 _ ' D8.5ER J£/(i{3 B 10.00 + B 8.750 + B -;----------------------------s·.----------------- 7 .. 500 + B 1 ·----·. ----~-----------~---~---·---------------------~-----------------------·-------·---------------------~----~-- n·~---· ------------------------------------------·-.. - w. 6.250 + T •· 3 .. 750 t B B .----------------ti ------·-rt ------,...----------------- B B .. ___ ---------------if------~-~B--------------------·----- 2.500 + B B B B BB BB B _+ __ B _____ B ___ Ii ______ B ___ -~------------------------- BBB ---····------------------------------.....,.-. 1 B -. ------------·---- ! B - • B B B ------'"---,rBB -sa·-------------------------------------------------------.. -·----------.. --------------------- • X ••• + •• •-• + ..... + •••• + ••• •-+ •••• + ..... + + ..... + •••• + ....... +,.. .... + •••• + •••• + ..... + .. 4. B. 12 16 N= 43 COR= .9034 ETWT MEAN ST.DEV. REGRESSION LINE RtS.MS. X y 7. sss4 _________ 7. 492o·· ··x;;·--2-.ls6s*Y+-:3567z--1 o ~-577 --- 3.4442 3.0949 Y= .37318*X+ .50042 1.8049 VARIABLE 11 ETWT GROUF'='BEG[ r--.. llf. ...... _ 20 24 8 SYMBOL=B - 270 •••• +it.t + •• t. + + .t. + + .t. + + .+ •••• t .... + ....• t .... t •... t. + •• t .... t .... t .. t .t .. Tf+.llLE ___ E/'/. 48 + • -42 + • ----------------· -- 36 + -··-------------'---· ---------------~--------------------------------.:...--·-------------·--·------------------------------·· ------·----------·· D ' w 30 +--------------··· ---------·····-· -·-· T -..... ------_____ ,. ____ --------;---------------------------------- 24 + • 18 + ---·--------------------- p ----------------------------------.. 12 + 6. + • • p F' o. +P • .Yx.t •••• + •••• t.-••• t •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• t •••• + •••• + •••• t •••• t •••• + •••• +. ·-3' ;5o·-· co--:-::r·----ri:-5--·-----2 4-; 5 ------·:rc; 5--------------3 a • 5 -------if5-:5 ___ _ 7.00 14.0 21.0 28.0 35.0 49 •' N= 5 rcoR= .9781 ETWT .. -------------__________ ._ _____ ~~=---:-:::~---------~----~-------___,;-------·--- MEAN ST,DEV. REGRESSION LINE RES.MS. x · -------f6-. s6o------·:z-r.-oa7 ---x;;--.-9s392iY+-·3-.--o<H6--25 .-63r-·--------------------· -------·--------------- ry. 13,780 . 20.963 Y= .97241*X-2.3231 25.331 I.)ARIABLE 11 ETI>JT -----GROUP= B EPA ------,---SYM BOL=F··-·--------. -----------------------------------------------------------------r--- D !;J T 24 21 18 15 12 7 BMDP6D OCULAR EST. REGRESSION -·--·-.L ---·r _______ . __ _ _ _ _ · _ __ 21( -.+. •• •, •• • .-r. • • .t. • • .+. • •. t •. • .t •.•• t ••.• t .••• + •• -~ .t·;-·----+X---+ + +' . Tff/3LE F IS . • . • • . . . . • . . . . . . + + + s • + s ~· ]t ll'l!l+ ...... ---------------··-----""""!. ;+ • + '.f'" _____________________ _,_· ____________ ... __________ , ___________________ ... ______ ---· -----f" s """"" "+ + ·------5 -.. ---·----------......... -·-----...... -------.---.. ---------------·-· -· • s s ~· + s ·-------. -----·-··---------------------------------------------------·-----------------------... ----~- 9. 6. 3. o. S' + s s s + s s ss + --.·------------5-. -----·-----·---------- ss ss + s s s s .-----;;s-s·--------------~------.. · sss s s ssss s -------.-----------·-------·-----"----·-----------·--- s • ----------·. ------~+ -· I .. . - ·· Y ··ss_s _______________________________________ ------------.. ·--- + tSS IIO!Il!f .tx ••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• ---------------------------4-.-------------12--------------2o _______________ 2e -----------·-_3_6___ -------------44 -----------52'" o~ a. 16 24 32 40 48 N= 45 COR:--·~8329 ________________ .. _______________ ETWT _________ _ MEAN ST.DEV. REGRESSION LINE RES.MS. x -·ro .691 ----1-o~-o57 --x·=--r-;-6'83B*Y-F 2 ~-osss·----35-~ 585-- Y 5.1089 5.2719 Y= .41205*X+ .70365 8.7082 VARIABLE-.. -f 1 EiWI ____ iJ'S·:--VARlA:BCE--22 ___ DWT ___________ GROUPi:::SAPU -------,.-SYMBoc:s -·--------'- -__ .. -------------~----------------------_________________ , _________ ---------------------. --------------- PAGE 8 BMDP6D OCULAR EST. REGRESSION ,.,fAGE - -N::: 9 BMDP6D OCULAR EST. REGRESSION .272_ •••• t •••• + •••• + ..... t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• + •••• + •••• t •••• t •••• t •• 24 21 + 18 + 15 12 9. 6. 3. o. -· f---------------·----·--··------------------------- + + G • .. -.•. ···-··· ---------------· + + GG Y G G G G G G G -_G ____ . G G . ---X G -~--------~--.. ------------~---------~---------------------- + --. -----------------G-------------------------···-· G + ••• +. t •• +. + + .t. + + .t ..... t •• + .t ..... t. -e.+ .t •• + .+ ..... + •••• ++ ••• + ..... + .. + + +++. 7.00 14.0 21.0 ·---------3 L 5 ----------38; 5-------·.q 5·;5-------- 28.0 35.0 42.0 49.0 ! COR:::: 20 .9346 ETWT X y """'.JAr\ I ABLE ---------·----------- -..... 11 ETWT VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT 2 ~-. ------Z3 ___ . F'AGE 11 BMDP6D OCULAR EST. REGRESSION ••• ~t •••• t •••• t •••• t •• ;.t •••• t •• ~;t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t; ••• t~;x;t, .,+ ·TABLE Fl7. ---· L 10.00 + • -8.750 + ---··--------------·-----· -L • L L . - 7.500 + • -. • --------.. ----------------------------~---···· ---------------------~------~--------·· 1-·--D w 6.250 + T • . ··--------· ___ .. _______ .. ___ _ 5.000 + L • --------------···--L • 3.750 + + L L 2.500 + • --------· ---··-------------------L-----------------------~--------------------------· -------------• L + --·I ~-2 5o--f-------~-- L ~ + -~---u:----------------------- • L • Y. ~.X+ •••• + •••• t •••• + • • • • + • ••• t • • •• t • • • • + • ••• t • • • • t •••• t •••• t ••• • t • • •• t -•• ---r-.-5·o·-----~if:~ro--------,-.-5o ----To-;-5·---------13.5 1c.. 5 19. 5 ______ !_ •• 3.00 6.00 9.00 12.0 15.0 18.0 21.0 N= 14 cor::· • 9410 ------------------------------·----ETWT ______ _ X y MEAN ·a.-o143 3.9500 ST.DEV. REGRESSION LINE RES.MS. l);-4T36·----x::·l.-~7398%Y+-T .1422 ---5-~ 1036- 3.4689 Y= .50896*X-.12895 1.4930 1JARIABLE -r:c Enrc-----vs~--vARfABLr·-22 IiWT ___ -------GRouP=sALA----,- --· ------· ------~--------1'11!11-... ------- ------------~ ----------------------------------------------·-----------------------·-..... ------------. ----------------··--------·- ,_ r - - - ••••• ~ •• ~. I •••• I •••• I ••• + t + ••• I •••• -,-•••• T t t + + T •••• T t •• + T. + •• A.+ •• ~ ••• t T. + _ __ .r.A-B.L£ _ _El_f ~---··· .-. _____________ _ y A A 48 + + + 42 + t 36 + + 30 24 18 12 + + A + + ---~----------------------·-·------------?!----·--·----.. t + + + y A A A A A A -------·-------·--·-------·- A A -----· --------··-·-----------·---------·----· ----------A--------·-··· + + + • + + • + ---------··--·--····-------·--·----------·---------·--f·- + • • + • • + • + • .x ... + ..... + ••.• +.+••+++••+····+····+ •••• + ..... + •••• t •••• t ..... + •••• + •••• + •• 15. ""135 . -~-----···--T65 --------f95-----·---·- 30. 60. 90. 120 150 180 210 t-14 cor.:= • 8442 - - ' t1EAN 58.000 17.807 FUABLE r. \GE :1.8 ETWT ST.DEV. REGRESSION LINE RES.MS. 59 • 6:;..8.:......1--X-=--~ 3 29·5 *·,r-:::.T·. 2888 ____ 11-t 3 ~9---.. ------------- 15.132 Y= .21403*X+ 5.3935 71.286 GF-:bllF''=SAAC .. -----i--SYMBOL=A--------- ---------------~-----~--~--- BMDP6D OCULAR EST. REGRESSION D w T 15 40 30 - BMDP6D OCULAR EST. REGRESSION - ~ .. + ... " .. +.---;. .-~·+.-.-•• ·+·· ... -;··.+·-~. t .t. + •• +. t ... +.++.+'II+ •• t. + + .+. + + .t ... + .t. + + .. +~-.--•. +-. • TltBL£ FJ9. + + + I ·x y . "!Oil~ :+ .. · zs ------r---------------------------·-------------·--·--------·-· -· -···--···· ---··-·-F • I -i. '• , •··-·---··-• ••·--... ~-'A·•-----·-----·-•r ---···------~ --. ···-y·· ...... ·---·--····--.... ·----------- 20 + I ----·· ---------··----------------------------------------·-~--------. ···-·-·---,..----· ---· _____________________ _, __ __ .. ~"""• .. ------------ 15 + • + I I • -------~ _____ I __________ :t ---------- • f • I I o. + "\(X t • ••• +. ; .. ~ ....... + ...... + ..... + ...... + ....... + ..... + ..... + •••• + • ••• + •• ,. • + ..... + ..... f ------9-:------------T5 ______ 2T _______ 2T ___________ 33 --------39-.---------4-y·-- 6. 12 18 24 30 36 42 N== 10 COR= .9738 ------------------------------·--·---------ETWr--- MEAN ST.DEV. REGRESSION LINE RES.MS. X . ., 21"; ooo ___ T1-;Js5··-x=---Lo3-64*Y+-6:-32so'--s:-oaao··· ------------· ---------- 14.160 11.073 Y= .91496*X-5.0542 7.1405 SYMBOL= I 20.0 17.5 15 .. 0 12.5 T 10.0 - - 5.00 ..... 2.50 o.oo .t. + + .t. • + .t. • • .t. • • .t. • • .t. + • •+• • • •+• • • •+• • • •+• • + •+• + +tTX+ • tT + • • +T+ + • +T+ F2D. + + + + • B + -----------------~-------- • + +'--------------·------·····--------------- BB B . --------------1:! -------------B----------------------·-- + + + y X B B BB B B --·-p.B·---·-·----------------------- BB B BB B + + + + + + • + + + + + + + + + ----·---·-··-·· + ·.+ •• + .+ •••• t. + •• t •••• t •• + .+ •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• + •••• +. + •• t •••• t •• + .+. + •• t. 5. 15. 25 35 45 55 65 0. 10 40 6 0 ----------·-7 0 COF~= • 9570 ETWT MEAN ST.DEV. REGRESSION LINE RES.MS. X 9.7037 12.284 X= 2.6512*Y-.91108 13.193 4 • 0 0 3 7 -----4----:-4-34 2------y-;:;-·; 3'4 54f* )(f-:-65134-----:f: 719 :f--- • <)ARIABLE 11 EHJT VS. VAF\IABLE 22 DWT Gf::OUF'=BEGL SYMBOL=-B - 6 .t •••• + •••• t •••• t •••• + •••• + •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• + •••• + ••.• t •••. t .. x.+ .• Y .+ 13 BMDP6D bCULA~ ESt. RESRESStON .t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t ••• X+Y · /ABLE--F2 /: -----_ - ------------------p ~- • 32 + • • 28 + • . ---------:-----·----------------· ,_ + 24 + • • D ~J 20 + ---------------------•t T • - • 16 + + -------------------- • -------------------------·-r··---------------------------- 12 + • F' --ff. + r:.-·----------------------------------·-----·-------------------·-------------------·-----. ---------------------------------------·----f"- ~ --------·-· -~~-------------~-----, y..,._.. F· p 4. + -·-----------------------------·---~--------- • ~ p + F' Yt •••• t •••• t •••• +. •• .+ •••• + •••• t •••• t •••• t •• • .t •••• t •••• +. •••• t •••• t ••• •f• 6. 18 30 42 54 66 78 0 • c-------·--·T2 ___________ 24 __________ 3_6 __________ 48 ____ -------60----72 N= 9 COf-i:== • 9782 ,, -J\ y MEAN 20.589 9.0667 1HlRIABLE ETWT --·--------------------·--r -- ST.DEV. REGF;ESSION LINE RES.MS. 24.132 X= 2.3610*Y-.81713 28.680 9-.-9-srs6 ---y:;-;~;;o 53l ¥}(t---~-721-S9 ___ 4 __ ;9 235 -------------------------------------- 11 ETWT US. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUF'=BEF'A , SYMBOL=F' Fr1GE ("""' - - r- 1 - ~~= 40 30 25 20 15 10 5. o. 7 BMDP6D OtUL~R E~T~ REGRESSION • + + t .t. + •• + ... + + .+. + ..• t. + ... +. t •• t. t + ,+. t t .t ..... t ..... t. + + .+ ....• t ... + .+ •• + .+ .• • Tlt.BL~ F22. + + s + + X • • + + ---------------------------------------------------------------------------. --- • • ----------------------------------·----------------------------·---'( • + + + • -.. ---·-----~-------------------------------·-·-·--·-------------- + • • + • • • + • + ------------------------------------------· ----·-!:r -------------- ss sss s --sss s s ss s s s ------------ + • • + • s + s • s + • •••• Yt.x .• t.t-•• + ..... t ...... t ..... t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t ..... + ...... t •••• t •••• t., 2.50 7.50 12.5 17.5 22.5 27.5 32.5 -------5~--oo io~·o------------15-;o-------20-~o -25~-o-------3-o;o-·-------35.c , ~m-::== .8884 ETWT MEAN 9.1308 4.8615 ST.ItEV. REGRESSION LINE 7.8565 X= .93735*Y+ 4.5738 7-~-4-·f65 ·y;··-~a42oa*x=-2 .8273 11 ETWT VS. V(~RIABLE 22 DWT RES.MS. 13.546 12.169 GROUF·=SAF'U , SYMBOL=S D w T 9 24 21 BMDP6D OCULAR EST. REGRESSION • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • •· + + • • • ilfBL£ ___ !=2-E-. ---~ • • ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------- • ----------------------------------------"'" -----,--~~)_ __ _ 15 + • ~-} • • • • -----------------------l3 ____________________ -------------------------------,-(- 12 + G G • • --------------·---------------------------8 G --------------------------------------..... --------. -------------. ---------. -----------.• ---------------------------~--- G --------------------- • {f __________ -------------------------------------------------------- + 6. + GG --·----------------·------··------·---·----------------------------.. 3. + + -~~-..!:.. ___________________ _ GG • G .G G o. y """-~• ·--·----------------------------·--··--------------------------.. + --------------------------------------+ • + + • + t • + + + • + + • + + + + • + • + • + +. + + + + •• + + + + + + + + + ••• + • + + + + + + + • + • ~ + • + • t t ,. + + • + t-+ + "<+ 12 20 28 36 44 52 N= COR= 15 .9745 ETWT MEAN ST.rtEV. F:EGRESS I ON LINE RES.HS. X 18.713 15.392 X= 2.4820*Y+ .99162 12.823 -7. 14-oo ------6-~·a:.f36--Y=-.-38265'*x~·;·o2o61 ---L-9769 ________ __ VAFnA:BLE 11 ETWT VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUF'=SAGL , SYMBOL=G - PAGE io ------------···--------------------------· ~---- ~AGE 11 aMDP6h bCU[AR EST.~~EGRESSION - r- !== • + + + • + f ••• + + t •• + • ·• + + + + + + • + + + t • + •••• + •••• + • t • t + • + + • + + • + + + ••• t + • + + + + + .. + + + .. + ~ -~ Jt.-p, LF" ___ -F ~ 1 + + L X y t -----------------------------·---------------------------------..... - 17.5 + + ·-----------------------------· ---.----------- 15.0 + -... + + + 12.5 + + • 10.0 + + • + • L + -----------·-~---------. --+ • 5~00 + L + • + L .Y.x.t ..... + ...... + •••• + •••• + •••• + ..... + •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t .•••• + ..... + ...... t •• 12.5 17.5 22.5 27.5 32.5 37.5 42.5 ----------------15~-o··· --------:t<r:o-~--------25~7::/ ________ 30 ~-o---------35-;<f --------4o·~-o--------45 ~ o 5 t; OF:= .9797 ETWT MEAN ST.DEV. REG~:ESS I ON LINE F:ES.MS. 25.800 13.882 "'•'-· 1. 7428:tY-l-6.9783 1 c-. 334 "-y 10.800 ---7 -; -~=i 63-5-------~ 5 5-07 3 * i ::.-3~·:f0 8 7 3;2655 Y= 11 ETWT VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=SALA SYMBOL=L ! 1-.''AGE 'JAR I ABLE 11 ETWT VS. VARIABLE 21 WWT D \·) T ''l= - 17 BMDP6D OCULAR EST. REGRESSION •• ~ • + .. ~-. ~--f ••• ~-+ ; .-·. ·• + •• ~ • + • + •• + •••• + + ••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + ••• ~-+ •• + -. + • -. • TABLE 100.0 + + 87.50 + ·-·-----·--· ··-·--------------------·-··-·· --- 75.00 + ···-·-----------------·~---.. -----·---------···--·--------- . ·-·---------· ·-------·-------62.50 + • .. ---·----------- • . _______ ,____________ ... ----------------------------· ---------· 37.50 + A • - • • ------·-····· ·--~---... -------------····· ,.., ...... + ""'!'t' • - . ···----------... ~ --------d·--25.00 + -------------------. ~--------------.-----.--... ---+·~- ~ • ---------------·--------------------·--------. -----------'""'~1-.- 12.50 + . ···--·---·-···-------·--A·-··---------------------------------------------·-------------c __ • • AAt't T X • • .-+ ..... • • + ... • • • + • • • • + • • .. • + • • • • + • + • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • t " • + • • • ... + • • .. • + • • • ------------------------~-----------.-------· -----------------------------------···· ----··---------------------------··· --·----··-··--··---·--·--------~ 15. 45. 75. 105 135 165 195 30. 60. 90. 120 150 180 210 8 -----·-------·----·------~OF:== .9835 - MEAN ST.DEV. REGRESSION LINE RES.MS. ai. 713 . --9-2:-3T3--x;,-2:o85B*Yt--7 .53-56 ___ -324.67. --------·--35.563 43.528 Y= .46377*X-2.3331 72.187 JM:IABLE ··--··--, -~YI-fBni-::::A.·--··· -----·------ ~GE 15 2J2 +. ·~·""·---~--~~!--~--·---·-~---~-~----·--·.!· ~---· __ .+_ •• ·--·~~. ·--~-~~~~~.'!.~ ....• t ..... t .. + .. + •••• +. + •• t .... + ...... • TA-BLE F2 t,. -------------- + 26 y I 24 + ------------------------+ --------·· ... ---· --------------------· ·---------------·------ 22 + ---------·------------···-··-----------__ + • ·- • --------------------------------------·----·---· ------------------------.------- 20 + + D • . ---···-------·-------- \"'- • • • ----------··· --------------------------·---------------------------------------·---. --------------------------------.--18 + T • • 16 + + -------------------·----· ·------------------·------------·----··------· ·--·---------• • • 14 + + • • + ---------~-----------·-··----··---·-·-·------------- • I • 10 y + • • + •• t ....• t ..... t ...• + ..... t •• + .+ •• t .t. t •• + .. + + .+. + t .t. + + .t ••• _.t •••• + •••• t .. t + + 18 22 26 30 34 38 r" .. · II 2 --16 ------------20 . ---40---------24 __________ 2_8_ ---- ~-JR= 1. 000 ETWT .... MEAN ST.DE 1J. REGRESSION LINE RES.MS. 29.250 19.445 X= 1.7974*Y-3.1928 O.ADOO 'r' 18.050 ------------------ 10.819 --y~-. 556-36iXT-T:-7764 ___ o~ oOoo ------·· ·------------------------------------------------·· ..... t 1RIABLE 11 ETWT VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUF'=ALSI SYMBOL= I r I :1GE 16 BMDP6D OCULAR EST. REGRESSION ,.... ! - - -I' ,.... i APPENDIX G -i i - -~ ·1'- r Browse Pilot Study APPENDIX G GRAPHS OF DRY WEIGHT VS SHRUB DIMENSIONS Graphs of dry weight against each independent variable for Betula olandulosa, Salix pulchra, Salix glauca, and Salix lanata to determine requirer.1ents for mather.1atical transformations. F'AGE 5 BMDP6D ALL VARS BY VEG TYPE :0· kl T ·~ M • ••-•• + + • + + + + + + + •• + + • + •• + + + + + + + + + + + + + •• + •••• + f ••• + ._ •• + + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + •• , • ;; + • •. :..; • TABLE G-1. t3e+u.ea_ jf~cuu:os~ ·~ 20.0 + + 17.5_ + • + -~ ---~---------------------------------------------. ------------------------~ • 15. .. 0 + • + -·----------· -------------------·---------~} • • • s s -----·· -----------------------------------------------------------·-----·--~ 1'"l C" .:..+..J 10.0 7.50 + • ·------w + ···--------------------------------------------------------5--------------------- • B s s + s s s • ss s w s M ~( J + + + ""'!l ----------·------------------------------- --+ -~ + w s ss s s s """'· s -------------------------------------------_,. s s ss s '> B S M WWM BS s 2.50 t B * S B S S * t o.oo ----···-------------------------------------------------------------- 8 B B * S S B -------------------------------------~~ • B * B SSSS * S B B ___ • _______ Sl.·J_t·,I~!_~~-~-W**_ ___ _!:{_! ____ _§_ *-----~---'-----~--___________________ ------------------------------------------------ • *B*B*BW W SBS* W + '~ • • • y • • • • + • X • • t • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + ... • • • t • • • • t • • • -• + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • -----·-------------------------------------------~----------------------------~-----. ------------!"'----~ --------------· -----------------·-----------. -··-·--···--·-·--.... - 30. 50. 70. 90. 110 130 150 40. 60. so. 100 120 140 160 N =-1 2 4 _ _ ___ --------------------------·-·-------------------------------------.. -------------------------------------------- COR= .7986 BDIA MEAN 6:8.226 2.9403 t) ARIABLE __ _ --·-· V~iRIABLE t I L". 1::•-·T l'l. D I c: 6 6 L ST.DEV. 28.880 REGRESSION LINE X= 7.0691*Y+ 47.440 RES.MS. 304.58 ·-------------------------··--------·----------___________ , 3.2627 Y= .09022*X-3.2152 3+8873 ------------------~--------.. ------···-------------·-----------~-· -·--. .. -----~ -·---BDIA vs. VAfUABLE ~,.., "-"-DWT GROUP=WWBS BDIA vs. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=WBS n.,..-,y A IIC I I A t:• T /'. D I -t:" ..,.., nl.IT r.~::•nl IJ:•::nM ~ ·----·-;--s-YMB .. Cf[·;·w-------·----- , SYMBOL=B • C:YMRnl ::M ~GE l -· . -~ --~ ---6 BMDP6ri--A-CL-vARs-Bv-·vEG ·-r-'fF-E ••• + •••• + •••• t •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• t.x .. + •••• • Tft BL £ G 2.. -. ------- 5 --tSej.l -I 20.0 + 17.5 + • 15.0 + s s + + + • + y + ---------------------- + + D 12. 5 __ ±-~------·-·--. -----------·------------· ----------------··--~ - ....... I 10.0 + s s s s • + ti + ----···--------------·--------·· ------------------------B • 7 ~--5-o + -------------------------s----··s------------------s-·------------~-------------------------------------------------·+ s s * ----·-···--· ---~ -----·-·--------------...... _______ _ • ----------·-·--·~------------------·-----------------w s ss s • s s • r 5. oo + + s -~------.. -··-.. --···· ·-··-··---·--·-.. ------------------··------·----·-·--··---·----·-------....... 1!""" ........ ---·· --~----·--~!i._Q:.S _____ -------·-------------·----·---------------!- 2.50 r o.oo I s B * W M W S M + S SB S l!C B M S + . •--· --_______ ...]__~--W B_~------·---~----.. -· _________ ? _______ -..... --------------.... ··--------·-------. !. SS B BSB* * SS S S W* S***WB* WBBB* S + --------~ -*-~Ji}-*S~t.)_B_~ ___ I4_ _______________ _ + ---------T• -·-----··-··-~----------+ + • • • y • • • • + • • X • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • •·• + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • _________ _zz..!___ _ __ .4_5_._ ________ ---~I·----------~!~---.. ___ 99 ...... _____ . 117_ _____ .. __ _ ~-35 ____ ... 18. 36. 54. 72. 90. 108 126 HT r . ·r ME?1N 46.952 2.9403 ST.DEV. 19.790 -----·--·-· 3.2627 REGRESSION LINE RES.MS. X= 4.4234%Y+ 33.945 184.87 v";··-:-f2"o-23*x=2-:-7o45 _______ 5. o24 7 rAP I ABLE ARIABLE lH1fUABLE . ~ARIABLE ._\ ARH1BLE 'v'ARH1BLE 7 HT -··· --. -·-·· ----· 7 HT 7 HT 7 HT 7 --1-fr-.. -------- 7 HT VS. VARIABLE V~f~---\iA R I-AB.L E VS. VARIABLE VS. V~1RIABLE VS. VAFU ABLE VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=WWBS 22 n\rlt ___________ GRoDi=;-:;,wBs 22 DWT GROUP=OM 22 DWT GROUP=TW , SYMBOL=W -------------------·-· ··-------------.... , SYMBOL=B , SYi1BOL=rl , SYtiBOL"'T ·22-· rtWT -----------GRfJLfP~-LW ·-------, .. SYMBO[::::L 22 DWT GROUP=LS , SYt-1BOL=S F'AGE 7 BMDP6D ALL VARS BY VEG TYPE n w -T •• + •••• + ••• , + •••• + •• , • + , , •• t •• , . + •••• + •••• + •••• + •• , , + , • ~ , + , X •• + •• • • + • , _ --·-~ • TAJ3LE. G:3. __ ---~--_ _ ______ . ___ Be;f._ s 20.0 + 17.5 + ; .. 15_! .. 9. + --------------- ...., 'I • ------~ ------------------~~· ___ ._ ·-------'<---------------·-----·--·----------------- s s ~· '·+ ... ''y -, . '"---··---------· ----------------------·------.--~--------------------~- 12.5 + + -----------=s::__ ___ -------------.. --------------------~>--~- w • 10.0 + _____________ , __ ·-------.... ----------------------· ------·----------· .................. -----------------------· H s M • S B • ---------·-··---·--·----~-------------· ------------~--p------~--~ • s ' I• 7. so + ~------------fL __________ ~ ______ !:i ___________ ... ___________________________________________ !__ s s s w -~· w s s s . ----·----------~---------------------------. --------------------.•.. --------------------·-------···- 5 5 5. 00 + 2.50 w s s s s B:B S * * s -------·-·-----~--------------·· .. ------------+ S S BB S M S S B BS S W B s BBSSBS B SB*B 5 S • ----B'-8** ---B:i:'f**:Hi*-BB._B __ _ * * * S*BLJS *BB • -··---.--------~· ·------.-1-- 11'111'+ i .. --------------·-------·------ """llf --------··-----· -----------··--· ______ .. -----------·--·1~ .. -. o.oo + -•• + ~-'1'·-:-:·+~--:-:--~x: -~ ~-:r:~-:-+ ~:-::-+: :: ~ +--;:-;-:+ ;·;-;-;:r~ • ~--;:r~-:-. r~--;:--;.T~ • :--.-r~-; :-: + ~-~ -.-~;- 7.5oo · 22.5o 37.50 52.50 67.50 s2.so · 97.50 .J 15.00 30.00 45.00 60.00 75.00 90.00 105.0 N= 124 COR== .6851 :------·----------------.. -----_________ ... --------------------------------·---------. ----------------~-- ItEPTH X y MEAN 33.895 2.9403 tJARIABLE VAfUABLE 1-JAR I ABLE lH'IR I ABLE 1H~RIABLE W1RIABLE sr. nEv:-·-----v.:E:c3RES5 1 oN'-LnT£ ---·-·trE"S:iis. --------------·· 15.319 X= 3.2168*Y+ 24.437 125.~3 3.2627 Y= .14592*X-2.0058 5.6944 8 DEPTH VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GRDUP=WWBS , SYMBOL=W 8 DEPTH VB. VARIABLE 22 DWT GRDUP=WBS , SYMBOL=B 8 D EF'T H--vs ~---VA-R I ABCE--·22-rit.lt ______ ----GRoup;; OM .. -----,----5 YMBbC,;M ------. 8 DEPTH VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=TW , SYMBOL=T 8 DEF~ll-:1__ ______ \lS• __ Y.fl__&__I_0~LE 22 DWT GROUP=U.l , SYMBOL=L a DEPTH vs. vAF:I ABLE:-22: fn;J_r _____ GRDUP=Ls --------;--·s'iMBoC~s-----------~ • • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • +X • • • + • • • • + • • TA-BLE . .&f!-_2-_!_]_ . ---------------'" ~-----------------·--.. _------------~-------·------· ·----------- 20.0 + . -' . 1 17.5 + -I 15.0 + • . --------------- .. s s s + + + • + + y • __________ .!: _______ _ ---------------------------------·-------- J 12 .. 5 + ' .!._." ...... • s • ·--------------------_________ .. _________________ w ___________ _ 10.0 + .. • s s s --------------------------------------------?------------------- -7.50 + s s s . s s s w + + B + • • + --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- • s s w ss s s -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------·-··-----" 5.00 + + w s s s s s B M*SM SS w SSBS S B S M M + s _s ___ ---B-Eii" ____ B ___ -------- s *** *SB S B -·----·-~----~~_W ___ ~§.!_ __ ! __ *-----~_l,.J _ _A~-------------------------______ .. ____ . __________ ---------------~-·-... BSBS* * ** B B 0. 00 . + + • • y • • + • • • • +X • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • .-. + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • --------' --~ ... --.. -----~---~---~ .. ---· ·-----·-----··--·· ·-----------------·--------··-·-.. ------·-----------____ ., _____ ------- 7.500 22.50 37.~0 52.50 67.50 82.50 97.50 15.00 30.00 45.00 60.00 75.00 90.00 105.0 ;:::: 124 :·~= .6988 . -------------------- WIDTH . ----~-----------·----~-------------~---------------------------------·-··--····-·--------·----------------.. -RIABLE 9 WIDTH US. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=WWBS , SYMBDL=W JARIABLE 9 WIDTH VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=WBS , SYMBOL=B I""' "'I :I ABL.:E ___ ?.._ HUt"[_lj ____ l{~0f:l_F_;J_A_~~§:_?_?_~~W] ______________ g_ROUP=OM .'r.:IABLE 9 WIDTH VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUF'=TW ARIABLE 9 WIDTH VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=LW , SYMBOL=M -------·-·--------------- ' SYMBOL=T , SYMBOL=L It w T •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• + •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• -r ..... t •••• t •••• t •••• t •• x ------··· ....... ·-.· . ·-----.. ------. . . . . . .. --· .. ----·-.. --.-----·-------- 20.0 TitBLE G-s-. s ~ 2';]6 + + 17.5 + 15.0 + 12.5 + ·S s , . - ~I i --·------··--· ------------------------------------------~--------------------.. --------, r- • s • • ---·--------· w --------------·--------------------·-----------------------· -----------.; 1---- • 10.0 + ______ __! __________________ M_ __________________________ ? ____ -------·· . -------------·--·----------· -·----~- B S s '-.. -----~----------,·------------------~------------------~------~--~-------·--... ___ ... _ ---------------------------~---------------~ 7.50 + s ss s s.oo 2.50 o.oo s s w s s s s s - + ------------------------------------·-------·--·---------------~-------------~ .. _,_ .. ____________________________ _... _____ _:___ .. ~~--- * s ss s s .. ----------------------------------------~----" -----------------. ------------------------ BS W*M NS w + S SM S S S BB M B S* S B S B ---------------------------------------------., ___ ;,--- + -, -·-. ----------------------------------------.--------------------·· ---.. ----··---·---------------------···----------··---- B SS B *W B BS *S .s WB*B ** * *W * W B*B* ~J*BB B SM + yy • • + • • • • X • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • ~ • 12 20 28 36 44 N= 124 .. COR= • 747'7'__ __ -------~ _____ -----·-------------~---~}'_~~-~!-: _______ ~ .. ·---------~-------·--· ------~--------r· MEAN ST.DEV. REGRESSION LINE X y 15.790 9.9978 X= 2.2917*Y+ 9.0521 2. 9403 -·-3-;2627 --y;;---~24-4o6:fx~-.9T:'n9-- ~ VAF:IABLE 10 RTANGL VS, Vf-1F:IABLE 22 DWT ~ W,RIABLE .. . -·.---------·--· vs-:-VAF:I"ABLE ----~-------- 10 RTANGL 22 D\H ' I)ARIABLE 10 RTANGL vs. '.JAR I ABLE 22 DWT ~-VARH1BLE 10 RTANGL vs. VARIABLE 22 DWT ~ W1RIABLE i o·--R 1?~ rJ 8 c---v-s-. ·-i./'P,F:-IABLE 22 DWT ' I)ARIABLE V~1RIABLE ' 10 RTANGL vs. 22 DWT ' RES.MS. 44.413 4.7298 GROUF'=WWBS --GRO-UF·;WBS GROUP= OM GROUF'=TW ' -------------- ' ' , GF:OUF'=Lt.f -.. -----------------·- ' GROUP=LS ' SYME{OL=W SYHBOL;,B SYMBOL=M SYMBOL=T SYMBOL;C SYMBOL=S .'.1 ·-·--------------------------------------------------~---------------------------------------------------------------.._-t:J! ____ _ GE 10 BMDP6D ALL VARS BY UEG TYPE --.JR'l------ • + • ••• t,. •, t • •.• + •••• + •••• + •• • • +, ••• +, ••• + ••• • +X ••• + • •. Y+ •• ,. t • • •. t •.•• t. TA-BLE &-fo. s ~-----. 20.0 + + • -• • • 17.5 + + -• 15.0 + + - • --·--~------------~--- _______ ,,_ s s + + s ------· ~------~--------------------·------------------------------------'"- • w • ----------------------------------------------------------~--------------------~------------------------- 10.0 + + s M -·-----~------------------------------*----• f . -----------------·--------------------------------- 5 + 7.50 + s s s + ----------------------------------·---------------------------ss s w • • sss w • ------------·----s---~r---------------------~--------------------------------------------------------------------~-- 5.00 + • w s . --------------------------------------~--------------------------.------------·----------·------------~ ------------· ----·- r s ss s • B S*S *S -2-~5(f __ t ____ S**S _________ _ -~-------------------·------------------------- B*-BBS • BBS** ----------------------------------·---- + ***B • **SW o.oo y ---------------------~---------------------------------------------.. + • + + • 0:. -----------'-----------10 20 30 40 50 60 7( ~= 124 COR= .9111 -i X y - t1EM! 6.1742 2.9403 ST.DEV. 7.6587 3.2627 ETWT -·-----·-. ---··-·-----------~-------------· -·------- REGRESSION LINE RES.MS. X= 2.1387*Y-.11424 10.047 Y= .38814*X+ .54389 1.8234 -------------------------------------·---·--··-··-----··--~--------~ ------·-------···-·--------···---····---·-· VARIABLE 11 ETWT US. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=WWBS , SYMBOL=W t)ARIAI!LE _____ 1~ ______ E]_H_T ____ y_~~--Y__0R_I_~B_h_L_~~-t•~_:r___ _ GROUP=WBS , SYMBOL=B ;-VARIABLE 11 ETWT US. VARIABLE 22 DWT --GROUF;,_;-OM ----------;---SYMB-OL=M _______ -- . VARIABLE 11 ETWT US. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=TW , SYMBOL=T VMO €lBLE ___ 1_~_E:_TWT VS • VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=LW , SYMBOL=L "A ... .,. A r.' ,... ~ • r:' T 1.1 T --ue:---:.vc."R-TABL~2--DWT _______ riROliP = L-S----;--s·'(M-BDC;;s-------- F'AGE 5 BMDP6D ALL VARS BY VEG TYPE • ± -~-••. + ••• '-~ ... + --~-~--+ • ~ + -~ + • ~~---! ·-·-±-~ .•. • • + + + •• + • + + + t + + + + + •••• + • + + + + • " • + + • + + • + • + + • ,_ '-;;t ' jf/&LE G-7. 40 + • 35 + • . . 30 + • ------~-------------------------------~----------------------------- • • 25 + • . ~--------------.. ------~-----------~-------------------------------------··------. 20 Is 10 + • ------------------------------------------------. ---------- • + + • s s ss s S LL ss s L L s s ----------------------------------!:rs·-------L s L s • s • .. '"!-______________ s s -------.---- L L L S s s X ~. .• ... -.. --s ~:;--------~ ----l. ,.,~-- .,. ..... t W B T W L w ~ ..s ST SLS S L L ------------------------------------B-TB_T_SBS*S*--~s·--s-EfS_L_ ---------------- • BBP. ** SB SS *L L • WW *B* *BBB* * TS* B ··+--B-s-·s-BBBif---y--------·----------------·--+ Y+Y ••• + •••• t •.• X+ •••• + •••• +. , •• + ••• , + ••• • +.,, , t ..... +,,,, t •• •, t. , , • +, • , • ""\'\, i 15. 45. 75. 105 135 165 195 2 -~ N= 136 CDR= • 7028 y ME?tN 98.147 4.8669 tJAR.I ABLE \..'AF:IABLE VARIABLE ST.DEV. 50.731 5.18·:S8 REGRESSION LINE X= 6.8743*Y+ 64.690 Y= .07186*X-2.1857 BDIA RES.MS. 1312.1 13 {715 150 6 BDIA VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=WWBS c~---BrtiA·----vs~--·ccA-RfAI-{CE:----22 IIW"T ______ --GROUP=WBS 6 BDIA VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=OM 210 , SYMBOL=W ~ ---,-· SYMBOC=F---------. , SYMBOL=M 40 + --~-IAB~ l;_ ~c;g_~~--~ __ 35 + - 30 + .. • ···.--------------------"";'-----. ---__________ ,_ ---------------------- 25 + .+ 5 + X + + + + + s-----~-. --------~--~-~--------·------~ -----------------~--~-• ~.- + + 2ci -+-----------------· ------------~----------------•---------.... + s + -----------~ ----~~------" ---------------~ -----~-~---------·-- +, s + 15 + 5 y 1""· (.' ----- + L L • L * + -------~4-~------------... ---~ --·------------------~---------------------------s~-.. -~c.>-~_, -~---------------------~---.. ------- 10 + s s s + S S L + s s s s s s S L + • S L SL SS S + ·--~-. -------+-~--------·-------W-----B----~:,~---___________ T ________ -·. ----~------· -~-------------· -----. ------~ ---~ w . .. L ·--------+ .,.,., S S S TL L S L • LS * SSS TBS * MT S S S + --.-~---------~------Bw·----*----B**B ___ **~ -----L -----L---------------~---·- + • W *BBB*WS*SB * M T -o. t B BB BB BB S B + -~~+~-~~'i -~-=~~~~:~+.-:--:-.~f":-::-x+~-::-:+:-::-:·+~ --:-:.--+: :-:-:r;-;-.-:+·~-~ ~~~-+-:-~ :~ + •• -:-:-+~-~-~-~ +: ~-. -.-~ 7.500 22.50 37.50 52.50 67.50 82.50 97.50 15.00 30.00 45.00 60.00 75.00 90.00 105.0 136 DR== • 5905 HT MEAN . ~~fi ;titv:-·~--~~ REGF:Essto-t4C:I HE: ------R-ES._M_S ~ -----... 48.294 19.101 X= 2.1745*Y+ 37.711 239~42 4.8669 5.1868 Y= .16034*X-2.8765 17.654 rAr\IABLE '·-AR I ABLE IJAR I ABLE ;'f.·IRIABLE AF:IABLE tJARtABLE 7 HT VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP==WWBS 7 HT US. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=WBS 7-HT ----------~VS ~ VARIABLE 22 DWI ---GROUF'==OM 7 HT VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=TW 7 HT US. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=LW . --f-Hf~------liS-;-·VA!{IAB[E. --~22 -·DWT ____________ GROUP=LS ---------~-------~----------~-------------------------------------- .-.,., ro-.--,. 'r•UT'tr"•!t"• ,..1 I ,,,.. ..... r-,.-.y •1L"~ TVC.•'C , SYMBOL=W.. , SYMBOL=B ' SYMBOL=M , SY,MBOL=T , SYMBOL=L -----------·--- , . SYMBOL=s·---·----. t T + t t + T + + t t T + + t + T t + • t 1 + t t t I + t + • -~ t t + t 1 + t • + • + t + t • • e • • • • t> • • 1 ,. • " • • .,.. ,. "' "' r v i> • co-1 [1 w T 40 + TABLE G-9. 35 + 30 -+ • . -·--·-------~-----~-.. ------- • 25 + ------~·----- --·--------------- :292 ~ -I s SaiJIA... .-., -~----I ---------"""" -------------.. ---------------------------.... ----------- s ------------·--------------------------'=' -.. 20 15 10 o::" ..J • o. + s ~!~---------------------·-----------------------------------------· ··-·-... -----s + L • -----------------------------------------------------------------------------c---------------c- L s + s ---·------__________ s _________ s ___ s • -S ----------------I-----s S L S + w * ----:--------------------8--·s---------8--s--c -g-------r-.. S *S S **S *S B . * *S B *** L * WB * T s s s s s ------I L L T ----;--------s--e*----:a·rr** --w-~·s--·-Bs·r·-------·w··--------------r-------M----------------.. -~ --- + B B BB B * B B s s L .... ------------------'"~!'" .. ----------------c-~ -: Y+Y ••• + •••• + •••• +.X •• + •••• + ••• • t • •. • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • < :it, ------4-~---------------:c2 ______ 2o ________ 2s _____ ----~r6---------44--- --52-···-------6< N:::: 136 COR= .6388 8. 16 24 32 40 48 56 - ---------------~------------'fiEF'fH __________ ---------------------------------_;-._~-,,- --MEAN ST.DEV. REGRESSION LINE RES.MS. X · 2~,. 3oo------f-2~2-77----··x-~----r~·s·t-2<r*-Y+---r-9··;-<Yor---s-9-;a-97 ·--~------------------------------------------------------- y 4.8669 5.1868 Y= .26986*X-2.2466 16.044 tJARH1BLE IJAIUAI!LE '-JAF;IABLE IJARHlBLE V?1F:IABLE 'JM\I ABLE s IIE·F~fH--------·-\rs--:-v--ARtP.-BCE--22--D-t.n----------GRbUP;,WWBs-··----,--SYMEioC=w --------. 8 DEPTH VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=WBS , SYMBOL=B 8 DEPTH VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=OM , SYMBOL=M • 8--t,EF;TH ____ ViL--VARIAJ}Ci:: ___ 22-I1\iT ___________ GROLJP=TW. ----:;-SYMBOL:r·--------- 8 DEPTH US. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=LW , SYMBOL=l ____ !3---~~£'.1"~---_ _y_~~ __ _vAF~~-A_~~E ___ 2? __ ~ ~~--------__ _pROUP=LS __ ---~---~'fMBOL=S .. ~ ---·-. -----~--------~---~---- , • "' ,. ,. • ,. .... • -,1 + + • + ·r + .293 TliBL!:= c;.,o. 40 + _______ 5 ap ~ _ . + s - 35 + + • ----·--·--------------~-------------------------------------.. --------.. -·---·---··--~--~-----------· --''l" 30 + • . ----------. ---------~-------·-- D 25 + + ----------------y-- s --------------------------------------- 20 + + --·---------------------------------------·--------------------------5-------------------------------... ---------I s -15___ + ------------------. ·-------g··----------------------------·· . ---------------------·----·+··--- L L L ------------------------___________ L ______ s -------------------------------------------------------------------------1.:.---; ---- L S 10 + s s s + L* ·s------------------------------------------------------------------------------------. ' ss ss L s sss ·-·---------··--· s S L L s ---s--- + P.W WL W T + STS*S * L . --~----·----------------**SSSi-s---l ------------------------·------·- BB***LW T L- • ******Io~ -----------------··-----·-------·-·---··-----··-------------· -T----Y -----B·i~f!i.BB B_Ei _____ ---------------------------------o. .t ••• ++ •• X.+ •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• + •• ~.+ •••• t •••. t •••• t •••• t •••• +. 10. 30. 50. -70. 90. 110 130 ----· --·o. o-----------·2·o;··----------.:ro:---~r.o-:---------so-:·-----------roo -------------I2_o ____ -------r4o-- 'I 1<'6 ,.;1 w cL.~= .5620 WIDTH ----------------------------------------------- ~ MEAN ST.DEV. REGRESSION LINE RES.MS. X 27.154 17.419 X= 1.8875*Y+ 17.968 209.12 -, 4 .-s 6 69 · ----5-:-ra·t:rr---?~--:-f6 f3_6_* x-:t-----;-3-22--4 4 ·--·-·r s ·;·s-42------------------------------------ l-)f""'UABLE 1; :UABLE. iJi)fU ?iBLE ',..:~I ABLE I )t ,;:!ABLE 'h1K.IABLE 9 WIDTH VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=WWBS ' SYMBOL=W 9-wHiTH ____ !Js·~---,iARTA-f:ICE: ___ 2_2--ttlJT ----------GRbUF.-;,-WBS -------SYMBOL-::B --------------- 9 WIDTH VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=OM ' SYMBOL=M 9 WIDTH VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=TW ' SYMBOL=T 9 -\,fffiTH ___ VEf~-V"AR"r ABLE ___ ?_? __ DWT _______ GROUP,;UJ . -----; SYMBoL.:c-- 9 WIDTH VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=LS ' SYMBOL=S t t t t T t t t t T • t t t T + t t t T t t t " T + t t t T t t t t T t t t t T t t t t T t t t t T t t t t T t t t t T t t t + -, + t t t--i -t t t . - ---· - -~-- --------.. ---. -. . . . ----.2.1 f_ ,_. • lit -10 t -, ABLE G-J I. t s ~· 35 + . + -. X + + • . : ~----~ -----------· ------------------------------------------------------·-----------. It 25 + w • ----------------------------------------~--------------~--------~-~~----~ --·-------------·-~-------~-8 T • ---------------~----------------------------___________ ..... ---~ ----_,_ -- 2.0 + + • -· s w ------------·--·-----------------------------------------------------------------· ----------------------------.----------;-- ;: . s 15 + s ~* ------------~-----~·---'-""' ·------·-----------------~-~-----------. ---------------. --------·-· ------~~---------------. ------------! L 10 + s s ----···--~--____ ! _______ .,.~---------------------- s L •. s L s s s • S S * LS SL ss s ·--·-----·-· ·-----·---~----------·-· ··------------------------------+ T B W WL T SL S S SL . * * S** S SS * S S L -· s .L ~+ • ------··------------------··· --·--------·--·-·-----·-·-· ... ~-----·---·--·-·-.. ··- BB S% S*B * * W T L • B B** ** * B M T ,. o. t B B* B BB jt · --------------~ · ~-~··y·+-~---~~-:··~-+-:-··;-.·· .--+·x-::-~· +-~ --~-~-·:+-:-:-:-~--+ ~---.--~.--.+:-:-:··~-+-:-; ~-~-+--~--:-~ ;-+ ·;--~-~---~-+--;·;·· .---~-+ ·.·-:-~-~-+--.-~--;· ~+--~-. :· .. 3.50 10.5 17.5 24.5 31.5 38.5 45.5 ~ ___ -------~--?~Q~ ~-~---.J:~~ .g _________ ?~. o __ ~~-?B !..?____ ___ 35. o _________ ~?~·~------~--~~~~ J N= 136 COR== .6819 RTANGL X y MEAN 17.912 4~8669 ~s·r--. n·r::v ~-----~-REGRESS I ol.f ~TINE 8.9173 X= 1.1724*Y+ 12.206 5.1868 Y= .39665*X-2.2378 VARIABLE 10 RTANGL VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT DWT RES.MS. 42 .. 857 14.499 -~ GROUP=WWBS GROUP=WBS VARIABLE 10 RTANGL VS. VARIABLE 22 VARIABLE 10 F~;f AHGL ~ ---·-v-s ;-VAIU ABLE -22 VARIABLE 10 RTANGL VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT-.. GR-OlJF'='=OM DWT VARIABLE 10 RTANGL US. VARIABLE 22 DWT !JARIABLE--·-10 -Rf-Af.!GC ___ Iis ~--VARIABLE---22 -DWT ----------------------------------- GROUP=TW GROUF'=LW GROl.JF'=LS , SYMBOL=W , SYMBOL=B --;-SYMBOL=t1 , SYMBOL=T , SYMBOL=L ·sYMBm.::=s ~-~-----~--~-~ ··I ~AGE 10 BMDP~D ALL VARS BY VEG TYPE 40 + TAB L £ G-12,. .. + X -s 35 + + • . --~---~-------------------------· --------------------- 30 + • D -25 .... ,~ + ---------------------~-----~-----________ ...,... ______ .. ___ ------f r r I -,, 20 s + -1 s • . ·-· --------· . ·~---__ , ___ 8 ________ .---,-· ___ , ___ ........ -.. --.. --.. -.. ---'" ·-·-·.------------_____ ,. .......................... ----.- 15 + 5 L -. ----· ·------------------------------c---cc---r----· - L L * L s L L ·ro + ----------s -----~---------s---s-~--------------------------- LS L S s s s s ------------·s-·---·c·-----s·--·---s··-·s·s·---------------------------------- S Lll: S L 5. t B WW* -. _____ s ____ tSSL-ST--·---------------------·---[ --- *SS*SS* *T L BB**BSL* L L ---;·--****t;r--·--y---------·-----------~-----... --......... _ .. _____ ···--.. ---- o. YB:n .. t • X ... + ...... + ....... + ...... + ..... + ....... + ....... + .... io + ....... + ..... + ...... + •••• + ..... + • • •• + 36 --. ---------C",...J"""------- ,J.:.. ~ Q. a. 16 24 32 N== 136 i COR:O -.8142 -----. ____________ ................. ~----.. -·-----E-Ti}fT -------·------I :x y MEAN 9~5596. 4.8669 ST.DE'.!. 8.8218 5.1868 REGRESSION LINE X'"=-T. 3848*Y+--2·; 8197 Y= .47870*X+ .29071 RES.MS. 26.429 9.1358 40 48 5 lJA f.! 1 ABLE --i_f ____ ETW T-------1iS:-·\fA-F(t A1{[·E·· 22--It"tJT --------------G-ROUP= W WBS ------,--SYM B 0[-=W ---------------~- VARIABLE 11 ETWT VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=WBS ' SYMBOL==B VARIABLE 11 ETWT US. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=OM ' SYMBOL=M 1""" IJ AI~: I ABLE --'1-C-ET ·w1 ____ vs :-vAR.! ABLE---·22 ·-t1 w'(-...... -----8 Roup::; r w-· --------;-·sy M B o t.:=r 'VARIABLE 11 ETWT US. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=LW ' SYMBOL=L VARIABLE 11 ETWT US. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=LS ' SYMBOL=S ·---·-------·-------------·-·----·--------·-- -1 ·~·AGE 5 BMDP6D ALL VARS BY UEG TYPE + • • + + • t + + + • • • + + ~ • • + + t + • .. + + + + + + + + t + + + • + + + t .. .. .. + + + + + + • + • + + .. t + t + .. + + + +-~ ~ • • + .. t t> . TABLE G/3. 28.0 + 24.5 + • -----··--~-----------------... -----... --------~--~-~--- 21.0 + ----~~-------------------------------... -. -----·· s s •· 14.0 + ·s 10.5 + + 7.00 + 3.50 + o.oo + T s s s s s s ·s s s s s s S T S s ~-----------------------·-s···-----s· T W W s s s w s ---·-·-w·~--~ ···s ------~ -----------~----------·--~-- s W W* W W ·r -~ --·-s·--·ww vJ w··ww ~ s w w w w s s ~X -. s ., s ----------4--... ----~---------··---------f-- ~ s .. s s ;. s ~ ' ' i - s ----~-'~ s _...:_1 .. + .. ·-· ---------·~; •· •••• + • Y •• t •• X • + • • •• + •••• + •••• + •••• + • • •• + •••• + • • • • + •••• + •••• t •••• + •••• + • ' .:~ .• --4 5 ~---nr; 1 o 5 -------1 3 5 1 6 5 1 9 5 --2 2s 30. 60. 90. 120 150 180 210 ~ N=: 65 CDR=-• 8454 BDIA MEAN ST.DEV. REGRESSION LINE 102.82 47.~98-~=~.4975*Y+ 58.853 6.7662 6.2318 Y= .10999*X-4.5422 'H1IUABL.E !..l?lF:I?\BLE 'hH\IABLE WiR I ABLE WiR H-1 BLE :xw 'I w ~· H·, il\1 Iii: 6 BDIA ___ -~ VS. VA-i:UABLE 6 BDIA VS. VARIABLE 6 BDIA VS. VARIABLE 6 Bri--IA ______ -------v·s:·---V-ARIABL_E __ 6 BDIA VS. VARIABLE ' RJUli 22 DWT 22 DWT 22 DWT 22 DWT 22 DWT RES.MS. 66~'L07 11.258 GROUF'=WWBS GROUF'=WBS GROUP=OM GROUP=TW GROUP=LW G§'QI IE'-1 s SYMBOL=W , SYMBOL=B , SYMBOL=M , SYMBOL~-=T , SYMBOL=L SYMBOL-=-S_ •• t~ ••• + •••• + ••• • + • • • • + • ••• + •••• + ••• • + • • •• + •••• + •••• + • • • • + • • • • + • • • X+ • • • • • 28.0 ---~ C?j , _______ ± • s r 24.5 + : • + s • s y s • 21.6 + ··--------·----··--·---·-· -+ • • -• • Di 17 • 5 + s + -. --------··-----------------------------· --- T s • s ' ---------------------··-----· ---·------· --------.. ------·--------·----------·-·---· ·-----------------• 14.0 + s + s ·--·-----: ---------------------------·--·-----g----·-···-------------·-·----·--... ·-· ------·------··---------·· --·--·---~---· S T • • s s s + r 10. 5----+----------·--------·-----------·-··--------------------··-·-----· s ···----~------··-·---------+--- 7.00 r 3.so r- j I N·= o. oo· 65 •. • + • + + s s s s ST S s s s s s s s s s s --------w·---------·---------··-----· ___ s ____ r w * sw w s www ww w w· s s w s s s • • • + • • + • • + • + ··------·----------w-----------------------· ····-··-----··· .. -··-···--·---·· ----·---···-·-·---·---+-- •• t ••• Y+ •••• + •• x.t •••• + •••• t •••• + •••• t •••• + •••• + •••• t •••• + •••• t •••• + ••• +. 27. 45. 63. 81. 99. 117 135 18. 36. 54. 72. 90. 108 126 ·--------·----------· ··--··---------· -- CAR== -~7_6_6 ~-HT ---------------------------·----------·----···-· 1 MEAN ST.DEV. F:EGRESSION LINE RES.MS. 63.631 24.023 X= 2.9550*Y+ 43.637 241.77 6. 7 66 2 ---6~2-3ia-·y;;---.--r<r~f85*-x·=-s-.-as69-----r6-.--r7o·---------·--·--·-------------·-- VARIABLE 1~RIABLE '.; ·F: I ABLE (~ .1R I ABLE IJARIA-BLE .'r"tF:IABLE 7 HT US. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=WWBS , SYMBOL=W j ·-HT--------v·s-:·--vA--F~IABLE~---22 ___ ttWT _________ -----tlR-liUP=WBS , SYMBOL~B 7 HT US. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=OM , SYMBOL=M 7 HT VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=TW , SYMBOL=T -7 -Hy-------vs:-iJARYABT..E ----2"2--ttWT -------GROUP=LW-------------;--SYMBOL~c---------- 7 HT VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=LS ' SYMBOL=S I"'HL'H::. J..•IIJ.•t• ........ HL.L. VHf\;:) ,t\ T Vt:.tJ I T t-•t. -····----. ------------./),!J i/ . -~/6-~ n w T • t •• • • t •••• t •••• t •••• + •••• t ••.• t •..• t •••• + • • •• + •••• t •••• + •••• + ••• X+ • • :J. + 28.0 24.5 t . 21.0 + + + • s s s s .· ---·-----------·-------~-------' -\- ~ !I -------~-----~---~--------------------------------------~-----~--------------: ~::t---,, 17.5 + s • . ------~-----------·--s------:--------·--- + s + 14 • 0-__ + ____________________ --------s -----·----------------·---· ---------------·---·-"""""~- + s + s ------·-·-----------------------------5-. ----------·---.. ------·-··-----T -...... . . - 10.5 + + + s s ss s s s s ---------------------·-·---· -·-·------·. s s s -----·----------~- ' ··-------., ...... ·-···-----------------!:r·----- 7.00 + 5 s s • --------------------------s SS T s s s .. w s T w 3.50 + --------w-----------s~r--·c----------5-------------- w s • w s s ------· ----~w--·-w-s-I.fww--·w·-----------w-·-----------· ---------·---------------· ------------------- sw TWW W o.oo + w --+ ·----··---·----------------·---·-----·-·-··-· --------------------------------·---·-···--·--··-------·-···----· -.... --------· •... , '( '( • ••• + •••• t X ••• + •••• + •••• + ••• • + •••• + •••• + ••• -• + •••• + • • • • + • • • • f • • • • + -;-~ :;:·· ;,F~ 6. 18 30 42 54 66 78 -~C 12 24 36 48 60 72 84 It= 65 .... -----------.. --· ------------------------... C.tnF~= • 7322 DEPTH X y ---ME.:it·-1 --·sr;·riEV~------I~E"riRE-SSlOt-fTfNt--------RES-;MS ~-------- 34.492 17.770 x~ 2.oeso*Yt 20.364 14s.so 6.7662 IJ?1RIABLE WiRI?'!BLE \H}tHABLE VAr.::I ABLE 'iAF:IABLE l,IAr.; I ABLE 6.2318 Y~ .25678*X-2.0909 1[·. 299 8 DEPTH VS. VARIABLE 8 DEPTH VS. VARIABLE 8 ltEPTH----vg:;--vAF:I ABLE 8 DEPTH VS. VARIABLE 8 DEPTH VS. VARIABLE 8 [IE-F'TH -------v!r:---v?,RIABLE 22 DWT 22 DWT 22. Dl.JT 22 DWT GROUP=WWBS GROUP=WBS -· .GROUP==OM GROUP=TW 22 DWT GROUP=LW -22 DWT-----·--. GROUF·=LS .... , SYMBOL=W , S'fMBOL=B --;-. SYMBOL==M"" , SYMBOL=1 • , SYMBOL=L J -----,-SYMBOL= s·· -------. _, .:J... ~-.. ~·• ...,~ • .,.._.._ v1·1"w J..' I VL..U I I It:. . ;J'f . . -.. -----9_ .. . ---••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• + •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• + •••• t •••• t •••• t ••• s - 24.5 + 5 s. s --------------· --·---------------·---·-------.. ---------- - - D 21.0 + --.. ·---·-·-·------------- 17.5 + ---------------.. ---· . -------........... -....... s ... ----···-- s 14.0 + s s s T s s s s s s s s s s 5 s 7.00 + S T SS s -----------------------------------------·---------ss ·---- .+ 3.50 + s \r.J T * s . ----------------g-----------w s w 5 w w w sw w w w w s s -------------t---·ww ~r--w----w--------------w--------------------------------------------------------------- o.oo + w 'y -1 ~ • • + • • • • Y + • • • + ~ • X • + • • • • + • • • • t . . . . + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + ~ • • • + • • • t . -----··---:,2----------~-6-0 ___ _ 8. 16 24 32 40 48 56 ,.J;,!= 65 I ~OF:= • 7871 -----------------------------------------t.iHitH--------·-------------····----------------------------- MEAN ST.DEV. REGRESSION LINE RES.MS. 3o. 231 · 12~14-3---~·r;-i-:53-~fsrr:v-pr.-ss3 ----56~-996 6.7662 6.2318 Y= .40394*X-5.4453 15.009 ~M:IAB[E . 'AF:Ir-iBLE . <)AfUABLE -9--Gf:ID.TH ----~;rs·~---iJA R I l-1 BLE---2·2· ·nw T------GROUP :::w W B S-----~ --5 Y fl B 0 L; W 9 WIDTH V5. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=WB5 , SYMBOL=B 9 WIDTH VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=OM , SYMBOL=M ~A F: I~-. B L-E-· -----9 -·-w·I-Jj ·r-"r~r---,,ys-;-~v-A-F~ fA·B-cE·---2-2 -~(tlJT _______ --G F: ou·r:· ~ r·w -· ···------··--;·-SYMBoL-== T ---·--·-~----------- [ 'ARIABLE 9 WIDTH US. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=LW , SYMBOL=L t 'ARIABLE 9 WIDTH US. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=LS , SYMBOL=S D w T .. ., • t .. t • • + + • • • + • ... • • + • + • • + • • • + t • " ... + + • • • • + .o-• • • + .. • • • + • • • X + • , • , + • • • + f "' • • • + • · yt-• • --·-. --·--------···-----------.. -------· ··---·----.. • • Tit B L E &-17. 28.0 + 24.5 + s • s • s 21. o -r·-------------------------------------------------- • -------~---------------------~----------~----------------------- 17.5 + s + s s + 14.0 + s • s --·---· ---~--------------------------s-··--·----------- 7.00 T + s s s s _+ ___________________________________ ------------s------ ss s s • ----------------s_·--s·-------------· --s -------------·-------·- + s T • --------· --·· ---· -------------------- + . * W ST w s ss s ss s s s w s s + s i\ft!ll • y • -+ • --,; "1111!1 + ----------------------. r +. + "'' -----------·------~---···-----·-·"""~-.. • ... + .... -~-· -------·-· . -----·-----.---------~--+ --. + ... ··------------···---+ . ·-· ----· ---·----.. --··--·:- s + . -----------------------------·---------------------.. ·---·-------------·· •. ·-----------. -·----------------------------. s w s ~J WW* W w • ** w • o.oo + w ~+ Y •• t •••• t.x •• + •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• + •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• + •••• t. \. 5 + 15 25 35 45 55 65 · -----------------------ro-----------·-2o·-------·-·zo·---4o--·--------·-so-···-----·-·6-o -------7o-· - t·-1:::: 65 - cor:= • 707·1 RTANGL X y NEAN ST.DEV. 21.923 12.186 6.7662 6.2318 REGRESSION LINE X= 1.3867*Y+ 12.541 Y = ---~-36:2'6 -2 * x-=-1~-:ts 3 s 10 RTANGL VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT RES.MS. 7J.006 19 :·614-- GROUP=WWBS , SYMBOL=W ~ I I VAF:IABLE !JAR I ABLE VARIABLE I.,.IAlHABLE tH,f::IABLE u~r~·rt,r"l t:' iO.F:TANGL ---·os-;--v-,~J{!AB-LE -22-·riWT ________ _ GI'{OUP=-WBS ----, SYMBOL=k-----~ , __ 10 RTANGL VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=OM , SYMBOL=M 10 RTANGL VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=TW , SYMBOL=T -io ___ RTA-NGL ___ --v-s:--VAf\IABCE ___ 22---DWT -GROUF'=LW-------,-SYMBOL>"L _______ -.... ">'S J'oi.IT r::r:·nssc:•,... r Q J.V DriLtr OL• HL-1-VHr~o D I VL.\.:1 l I r I:. . -·----36 t ----. ·----· .t •.•• t •••• t •••. t ••.• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •.•• t •••• t ..•• t •••• t •••. t ••• xt •••• + • • 28.0 t TA-BL£ G-IF. y s s9J I _____ _ + 24.5 + ---T • s s s -21.0 + + ' - ,-r- -I - • + . . + s + .. -··------·-·:---·----------· ------------s-··---------·-----------------·-·-------------· + + s • 14 ~0.-+-------------·-----·-··-------.. -------··· ·----·--s--· ·--·-------·--···. --·--·-------------+·--- s s T S "·-----·--· ---- s s s 10.5 + s + ····--·-----·---------··-s--s-·---s-·-----·-·-·-.. ·---·-·------·------·----·-·-··-----·· ... ·· · · ·-----·--------.. -- s s s s ------~-~ .. ! ________________________________ --------------···-------------------------------, ______ _, ______ ------ 7.00 + s s s s + --·--------------· ---------·-------·-------------------------------------------- 8 TS S S s W TW + · -----~=r--u--s ----- w s *S W *W W Y JI(TW s . 5---------····-----·· -----------· -·---·----- • ·--------· ---. ·-·-----·-· --·-v- + o.oo + w + -.-X • ~--;~-t-:--;;:--t~;-~--~-.. +-~-~--~-~-+-~-~+~-~~ ~-;:-~;--:-;·+-.--;---~--;-+·-; -~ -~--.-+·~-~ • + +-.~---;-~-+--~-.--~--~-+-~--;·-. --~-+-~-~--.. --~--+ ; . 5 + 15 25 35 45 55 65 o. 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 65 D"f:~= • 8 8 7 3 ETWT MEA-N 15.680 6.7662 IJARIABLE )-F:IABLE 'J !HABLE ') tll:n P1 B L E st:-DEIJ~------REGRESS-fOf.CTTNE 14.627 X= 2.0826*Y+ 1.5889 6.2318 Y= .37801*X+ .83898 -R-ES ~-M s·;--. --·-. -----------· ·-----·-·--· ----··-. -------.. ---------. ----· 46.246 8.3940 ·---·--··--·--------·-------··------·-··--· --------·---------··-·----·--·---··--------------·--··----··--··----·------·------· 11 ETWT US. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=WWBS , SYMBOL=W 11 ETWT VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=WBS , SYMBOL=B 11--ET Wt----·-------~/5. VAR I ABLE·--22 -tiW T G"RbUP=O·M , SYMBOL:M -------------------- 11 ETWT VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=TW , SYMBOL=T 11 ETWT VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=LW , SYMBOL=L 1-rF:IABLE q ,fUABLE . -11_--Etwf ______ vs. --VARtABTE _____ 22 --D-WT ____ --... -GF:OUP;Ls··------------;-S'i'MBOL-;;S ·--------·- D w T 40 35 "30 ~25 + • ---------------------------------------------------·----... _____ - + -------~---.. --·-----------~---------~---.----·--------.. ·---·-·--------------~ ------------------- + s • s ~ :• I .j + X --· • .-. ' . ---·· + ------------·----···-------~.-- • ~· + -· . -------------.. -------~-------------------------------~---------------------------·--·----·--. --------- 'y '+ 20 + • 15 + • -----------------------------------------------s------__ s _____ !:f -------- 10 + s s ------------------· ------_________ s _____ --·~rs·-------------· s s C" .Jt -+ ---------------------------s----s-·-s--------------~------------ s s s s B S S B s s • 111!0'!! ) + + .+ • ---- • ~-______ s ___ ----------------------------------------·-----------. ------------r"------------- ;:. B BBS BB 0. t B BB S H . -~--; ·y-:-;::--.--~-.--t-:-:·--~--:-x·-;-~-~-;+·-~-:-~-:-t~-;:-~-+~-:~-:--f-~--~-~--~-+ --~ ~-~ --~1--~-.-~ .. --+·-.··~--.-;-f. ;·~-;i--;-·~---;--.-+ -.·-·-;--;·-+--+ ~ .. -~ I~= COR= 39 +6881 52.50 87.50 70.00 105.0 122.5 157.5 192.5 140.0 175.0 210.0 BDIA t1Et-1N ·----Si'~-ri-EV~----REGRESSIO!TT.::TrTE ______ f{E'S-~ MS-~ --- x 125.79 55.606 X= 5.2817*Y+ 92.628 1672.0 Y 6.2795 7.2445 Y= .08965*X-4.9977 28.379 VAF\I ~~BLE 1/AF:H1BLE ! VARIABLE VAlUABLE L W-IIU ABLE VARIABLE 6 BDIA VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT 6 BDIA US. VARIABLE 22 DWT 6 B tll't1--------··v S -;-iTA F~ Hi B L c--2 2--D\n 6 BDIA VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT 6 BDIA VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT 6 --BD I A . ---vs-.--t)'()R I A-BLE ___ i2 .. :oW T GROUP=WWBS GROUF'=WBS GROUf'::::OM GROUF·=TW GROUF'=U.J GROUP-=L S 227.5 -245.0 280 'o ·---· ·-------·------------:· _··~ , SYI1BDL=W , SYMBOL=B - , SYMBOL=t·1 ---------- SYMBOL=T , S'0-1BOL=l -SYMBd[~ S ------------~--- • ··-···-----··-·-----------·-----------------··----~--·---·-----------------------------__ .. _______ -------. 40 + TABLE: G2o. -s 35 + - 30 + -. . ------------------D 25 + w -. T ------· -----~------~------------------------------------------------------------------s --------- - 20 + • s 15 + s • s s ----io · ___ + __________ -----·---·---------·--s------~--- 8 • s s s s s --· -------------------------------------··-·-·----·--------~-g··-------··----·-----·--·-. -----·-·----------·----·--· ---·-····--- + s s s ---·------------------------------------------------6 ___ ----5---·---------·--·-- -s SB B s s . s s ____ B _____ :B __ B ___ B_:B ___ s ________ -----·--------·-·-----·---·. -·-----------------· ····-··-·----------------- o. + B B S N= 39 COR= .8311 HT --·--·-·-----------·-···-----·-··--- MEAN ST.DEV. REGRESSION LINE RES.MS. ·---·-· -·· ······--·-------------·-··-··------~--------·--------·-----·---------·--··-··-·------··----·----·----------·· _.X : y 57.564 6.2795 21.406 X= 2.4558*Y+ 42.143 145.51 7.2445 Y= .28129*X-9.9125 16.667 1JAF:IABLE-. --7--Ht----------os-;--VARIABLE ___ 22-Il-\.J'f-----~GROU-F';;ww:B·s· ------; SYMBDC=w----------- VARIABLE 7 HT US. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=WBS ' SYMBOL=B· VARIABLE 7 HT VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=OM ' SYMBOL=M \)ARIA B L E-7 ··wf------·-vs .---VA R -f-ABLE·----2 2 IIWT~------G-ROUP ~T w -----------, -·s y M s·o L = T --------:-· -VARIABLE 7 HT VS~ VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=LW ' SYMBOL=L ,.... 1 VARIABLE 7 HT VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=LS ' SYMBOL=S .+ •••• + •••• t •••• + •••• t. + •• + •••• t •••• + •••• + •••• t •••• t •••• + •••• t ••• ~.;.C?1.t"''M1 .. 40 35 + 30 + 25 + • • s 20 + s 15 + .... --·---------··------------··--·->···-··--------·---·--·····s· --·-·-----·- s s s 10 + s ·----------... ------------------·--·--------------·--·-------·-····--------s s ss s s s 5. + s s s s ss • ·-. ---------·---5-------*5 ------Ei s s B S B BB B --------------------------------~-----------------------------------------·---------------------------------- - - \· .... -+ ~ + - + - o. + * BB T .t •••• v ••• xt •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••. t •••• + •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• +. l!= 39 COR= .8665 MEAN 30.359 6:2795 I}ARIABLE :Jr~RIABLE 1H'IRIABLE ~) ~~.F: I A B L E \! i:'1R IAB L E VARIABLE 6. 18 30 42 54 66 78 9JI!!IJ!I 12 24 36 48 DEPTH ST.DEV. REGRESSION LINE RES.MS, 15.729 X= 1.8813*Y+ 18.545 63.314 --7-~-244 ::·---{;; ---:39 9 rolf.:x.: s·: a:r6·6-· ----T3 ~ -431 8 DEPTH a· DEPtH 8 DEPTH 8 DEPTH 8 DEPTH 8 DEF'TH VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT VS. VARI-ABLE ___ 22--DWT --------- US. VARIABLE 22 DWT VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT VS. VARI-ABLE--22·---DWT ------------ VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUF'=WWBS GROUF'=WBS --. GROUP=OM GROUP=TW .GROUF'=LW- GF:OUP=LS , SYMBOL=W --;· ·sYMBOL::iB- , SYMBDL=M , SYMBOL=T ;--SYMBOL=L--- , SYMBOL=S 84 -----.. , - 8 BMDP6D ALL VARS BY VEG TYPE • .,. •• +t++++ ..... t .... + .. ++++ •••• t .... + •••• t .... t •... t .... t •••• + •••• + ... _ .• t ..... - 40 s + 35 + 30 + ···--------------------- -.. • D 25 + s 20 + - 15 + s .-. ··· .------·-· --·------····--·· ·----------· ··s··-·--s·------·----s 10 + s ·· ---·····----·---·····--·-···--·---·-----··-·s-------g--·s ·· ----g-·· · -~------------·. -. s -s o::-..Jt +-··----------------------··-·s·----------·----5----------s s s s S BB S S ····--····-···-~-···---·---··-g·---··-··-· ··g-------------------·--·-·-··--·--·-· * B B B B o. + B B BS <10 20 30 40 50 39 r:= • 6356 WIDTH MEAN 30.000 6.2795 15.733 X= 1.3804*Y+ 21.332 7.2445 Y= .29269*X-2.5011 9 WIDTH US. VARIABLE 9 WIDTH US. VARIABLE !)Jr UABLE '-.lARIABLE }~:IABLE ',t,: ::I ABLE :;(.::!ABLE .. --9-·lii tiTH _______ v s ·; --·vAR r ABIE __ _ 22 DWT 22 DWT 22 DWT 22 DWT 22 DWT 9 WIDTH VS. VARIABLE 9 WIDTH VS. VARIABLE Q I.!TfiTI-I lJC liAC1TAT•I r-.r-al"'!! T'oliT 151.51 32.123 GROUF'==WWBS GROUP=WBS ------GRD(fp:;;oi1·· GROUP==TW GROUP==LW s X + + + + + + • + +. + + + s + + + ·---··-·-.. ··-. ---· -····· + ·-· 60 ' SYMBOL=W , SYMBOL=B + 70 , -SYMBOL~-M--------------------- ' SYMBOL=T , SYMBOL=L --~------. --------·-· --------· _ ...... ·--. - PAGE 9 BMDP6D ALL VARS BY VEG TYPE · Tft-BLE: __ G-23 .. 40 + + 35 . T + • -----------~-----~--~-- 30 + . ····-·--···· ---------------·----· D w T 25 -·· +-------·------·--··--·-----------------------------------·-- Sa{cc -s --------·-------·---.; :-.~--' ··-------··--. --·---·· -·--· --·· ._. __ .,. -·I , -··--· ·----·--s ---------.. ··--·-·-------· ----""'--· 20 + 15 + s + + + s s 10 . -+ ----···-------~~----------------s s s ss s + s s · --------·----------·s s s S S B B S + s s ------· -----·-------·-·-·sir--s·------·------B-B----------B ·-·---·---·---------------.. --- o. + BB B s s s s --·-----------· ----···------------·---- s - s - •• t ••• Yt •••• + •••• x •••• + •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• + •••• t .••• + •••• t •••• + •••• + ••••. N=-: 39 X. y t1EAN 19.103 6+2795 lJARIABLE lNiRIABLE WIIUABLE lJ?1RIABLE WIF: I (IBLE 3. 15 21 27 33 39 ~! ----··. -·-----... --------· .__ ----------------·----·--.. ·--------- 6. 12 18 24 30 ST.DEV. REGRESSION LINE RES.MS. 9 • s 6 7 o ---x ;;--·; 9 s 53 9 i '(+ -i 2. 9 I 5-47.652 7.2445 Y= .53119*X-3.8676 25.688 --------____ ...__ ----------1 0 R T AN G L V S • VA R I ABLE----2 2-ti-W T---·---·-irRotTP=WWBS GROUP=WBS GROUF'==Oi'i 10 RTANGL VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT 10 RTANGL VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT 10 fHANGL --VS~-VARIABLE 22 [tWT 10 RTANGL VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT .. G-ROUF'=TW GROUF'=LW 36 , SYMB Dl>=w·------_ .. , SYMBOL=B ' SYMBOL=M , SYMBOL=T r SYMBOL=L Fj:· ~~\ G E 1 0 B H D F' 6 D ALL VA R S BY V E G T Y F' E 307 t + ••• + + ••• + + + ~ + + + t + •• + t •• + + •• +. + +. +. + t ..... + •• + •+ + ..... + +. t·. + + t. + + •• + + +. "+. + + - - ~- - 40 + Tlt/JLE G~'-1. 30 20 15 10 <:" .It o. + + • ---------~,-------------------------------. ,, • + • ---------------------~------------------------------------------------------·------- + • ---·------...---~-----.. --.--.. ----------------------~----------..... --------------. --------- + -~-----'.:-----,----~----------- • ----·---------·--------"--------------··------------ + + + s s s ss s s s 5 ss 5 B S*S s s • B*BBB s 5 s s s s s ----------·'"·----~----------------·-----------------------------------------------~--------· ------+SB Sofa__ ): • ,.. .::> 'r + • + + -! ------------------------------------------··--. i Y X •••• + • + •• + •• + • + •••• + •••• + •••• t ..... + •••• + • + •• + .. + •• + ...... + • + • t .t • •-•• + • • • • + • -t~= 39 COR= .9355 X y ME,~N 12.818 1::" .~. 15 25 35 o'~------------ro ____________ 2o ____________ 3o" _______ , __ ----4o ST.DEV. 13.405 REGRESSION LINE X= 1.7310*Y+ 1.9484 y= ---~-5os54*x=--:,2o051 ETWT F:ES.MS. 23.056 ---6-.733"6 45 55 65 -------56------------c;o·------------7c VARIABLE 11 ETWT VS. VARIABLE ?? DWT GROUP=WWBS , SYMBOL=W Vt~F; HiBLE ____ 1T_E:_twr------VS ~--VAR IA-BCE ___ 22--DWT GROUF·=wss SYMBOL=B ------------- _vARIABLE 11 ETWT V5. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=Oi1 , SYMBOL=M VARIABLE 11 ETWT VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=TW , SYMBOL=T '·' AF: I A :Bl-E -Ti--ETI.o.lT-----VtL--v AI': I ABCE ____ 22-tiWT-----------G R OU F' = L W ---------;-SYMBOL =L ---------- VA R I ABLE 11 E T W T V S • VA R T A T=c 1 1= ? ? n 1.1 T r. !::• n I t P =I q • Q Y H 'R n I = ~ I""" I l t -I --...-- APPENDIX H -- - - Browse Pilot Study APPENDIX H CLIPPED PLOT STATISTICS t1eans, standard errors, variances, and estimated sample sizes for dry weight current annual growth of shrub species. Twigs and leaves were clipped from 1-m 2 plots. Dry weight estimates are presented by site, with sites grouped into level IV vegetation types. The within estimated sample size (~JNHAT) is the number of 1-m 2 plots required to be clipped in the vegetation type within 20% of the mean with 80% confidence. These clipped plots are the~ ~ evenly allocated to the number of sites sampled in the type. - ---·-·--------------------------- •· ~ I~ ~ I '-.. l .'1) .:.! l . ~.. l • I .. i ::. i .... : .. :.:: :.·:::.::::·::::-. ;::·~:··---~-:. -·· --------_ . ..:.::::.:.=·:~·=-~-=~:·:::::~-=-·::-.=-.::.::.-::::-::·:~·::·::··.;:~ ~--.: ;.;: ~----- ----------------------..:. : ••• ·:.·::-----•• ·:.;·.;_..: :.-~;::·:-.-::::::~-----~------------~--.. - • I ,; ; TABLE Ht 11EANs, sTANDARD EF:RORS, ,:''.ND VARIANCEs For.:: DF:Y wE :r. GHTs 1 •' OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR ! ·· [---. -f:ll 'l'E 1 0 • N I S THE N U t1 BE F: 0 F BAM P L.I N G UN I T S ( 1112 > • EST I M f.H E 1:1 B At1P L E • I :·. S I ~ E~: _ ( ~ fH'tT ) I S H·~ E N IJ t-1 BE~~ 0 F ~A ~1 P L ; t-4 ~3 ~ N I -~. S HE ~:H!, H~ ~: D .. H~ S ~ ~1P '-; E -~HE -~ -·--------_c_w,J~.fJiJ _ ANt:L\J..AJ.._JiR.!lWJJt .. WILHJJL~.9& __ QL_.f.HJ.-_ Mf.A"l._I4J1.H __ BQ(.: LDNf J!.•Lt(Gf:c.~ . _______ ·------ • ---------------------------------------------~-------------------------~------~- 'J .... . : ,----------. --· ·-----------·-.... CATEGORY <N = 10) X s_ s NHAT X • ,/, BETULA GLANDI.JLOSA TWIGS~~/:ti'OM4 1.6. 3.2 1.01.9 10 -~~w'~"---~-----. • -·•••-•'-~~· .. ,,.. _________ ,., • ... ,..,,.--..,,_,~-~·••·~-··•---•·-·-'',-_. .,,,.••·-•-··•-__,,,._~,_..,,.,._..~,-· -•o-wo-ow----~-o-•.-., •~ ,,._, ..... ·;( BETULA GL.ANDULOGi-~• LEAVESCG/10M 112. 1.7.1. .. i'.fi3.~.'.i ·1.0 ..... ___________ ro-----·-:1.7 • ,: i G t-11 ... I X P U L. C H R A T W I G S ( G I 1 0 t·12 ) 2 • 1 • 9 3 5 • 3 1 0 2 7 4 ··1-~---Sr.d. .. IX Pl.JLCHI~A LEAVES ~G/lot1;,~>. __ ..... ~!. -~----~--5/() ... 25:~.2 10 2"7? __ . WITH:tN WN 'I Sftl..IX GL.AIJCA TWIGS (G/10t12) 1. 0.6 3,ll 10" 4;1.0 • ,: S f.1 L. I X GU1 U C ,::, L E At) E S ( G I 1 () M 2 ) 2 • 1 • 6 2 ~:) , b l 0 4.1 0 . • :r--~~ ~~ ~~ _ ~ fJ = ~: _ ~·~ ~ __ = ~ ~~ ~ ~ __ ! ~ ~ ~ ~~~ _ c c ~~~: c __ ~ -"' "'~~: ~ __ , ___ : ~ ~ ~:: ______ , __________ ~ ~ ______________ ~~ _ _ _ _ ______________ _ ! ·' I - • WNH ' 1 ·' t : .. ' I • TABLE HL MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR DRY WEIGHTS OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR SITE 11, N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS <1M2), ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE CURRENT ANNUAL GROWTH WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH BOX CONFIDENCE. ----------------------------------------------------~-------------------P-------;< • ~, "'·· ( N :::: 6) X N NHAT WITHIN . ·~ ---· ~ ---------..... X BETULA GLANDULOSA TWIGS<G/10M2 31. 11.3 770.4 6 33 BETUI..t:1 Gl ... AN DUI ... OSA L.Ef.t\JES < G/1 Ot1 23~5. 61}.9 2<f2B3.2 t~ :~ :3 f.! {ll" 1 X GLf.JUC?i TWIGS (0/10t12) 3 t 3.3 66.7 b ~!4 6 Sf:1LIX GLAUCf.1 Lf::f.,VEB < G/10t12 > 6. 6.0 216.0 6 24 (:, TOTAL . TWIGS AND LEAVES ··--ct3/1.6H2. -27~~. . . BB.O .. 46492.3 6 ~~6 . -----·---~---~--··· -·-·-- \• ••• ,.1 I .~. ·4-~-.... • -----· _) J .J .. ·.I J WN WNHA --~·-,--. ... --·----...... l ~ .... ~--1 ~~---···'] --1 ') j f I I 1 ) l ) J ) '"\'\' . .-· ' ---~, ·-:~~: .. <----.,-_.,. __ -•• _-.: -.. --· ---- --_---·--· -------------. -·-------------------------··----~~~--~ ----------------~----------··· ____ , -----"' -· ------------------... --.......... ----------------.... --.............. ---------------... --..... ----- TABLE H! MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR DRY WEIGHTS /' --------·-·-------------·-................. -----.. -----~-----· -----· ...... --·-----· ----------- OF SELECTED SHr\U[l SPECIES INli!VIDUALLY AN[I COMBINEr! FOR WOODLAND HLACK·- WHITE SPRUCE TYPE. N IS NUMBER OF SAMPL~NG UNITS 11M2), ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE <NHATl IS TH[ NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE ' _, U!fi!"~fo!'!.l_ ANNUAL Gr.:OWTH WITH_IN __ 29!-Q_~_!_H_E_ ME~N __ !-!!_T_I-1 __ ~9-~ .. C_ONF![I~NC~, _ _ _________ -------_ ---------- ------------------·-------·"--------------------·--------------·----------~--····--------- CATEGORY IN " 16> BETULA GLANDULOSA TWIGSIG/10M2 . --£ii::TULA-GLANOUL05A LEAVES(G/10M SALIX PULCHRA TWIGS (G/10M2) SALIX F'ULCHRA LEAVES (G/10M2l SALIX GLAUCA TWIGS (G/10M2l SALIX GLAUU; L FA IJ [ ~; (!J/li.J~1'/) TOTAl. TWIGS MW LE(<I)L3 ·: G/ J Ot·i2 X 22 .. 157. 1 • 4 I 2. ] I 189. s_ X. 4.8 -30 .a ' 1.2 3.2 1.3 2.4 38.5 2 s 373.4 -···· 15181.5 22.5 161.2 26.3 92.2 23755.9 N NHAT 16 33 I' '16 26 16 447 16 455 16 408 16 358 16 2B WITHIN WN WI'HIAT · ItMS N=; 2 BN '! 340.64 14 30 832.54 73 ?.i 1233L26 22.72 162.78 26. 12 · ~ 1. 4 ·--zr----··· ---~~::;~o-~r---q9-.,2~.,;.-:--T.::·.,7-'1~~: 14 451 19.84 1 394 -flt-;1 14 .. 459 139.54 1 394 . ;.-vtl :t 4 4 o 6 --2 8 • o 2 1 4 3 ::;---"-:cu <];5,60 14 363 72.60 1 282 20583.13 14 24 68175.11 79 j '-'· . J .. ' J -·· w. •• I I, 1. i . -.;1; • 1· ABLE H'{~-HEAt-is; STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOI\ -·DRY WE I 13HTS OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR SITE 14. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS <1M2). ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE <NHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE CURRENT ANNUAL GROWTH WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITti 80% CONFIDENCE • Ct1TEGORY <N ;:;: 0) BETULA GL.f-1NDIJLOSA TWIGS<G/10H2 BETUI...{) GLf.lNDUL0!3A LEAVES(G/10M ~if:ll .. IX Ptil..nmA 'TWiGS <Gl10M2) tiM .. I X PULCHF:A LEAVES (G/10t12) TDTAL TWIGS ?1ND LEAVES (G/10M2 X 41.. :1.72. . ·•· ·-----~----t:' .., . 7. 224. C' ,.)_ X 14.0 61.2 4.8 6.6 7B.2 2 N :1.570.0 8 2991!1.4 B 180.5 8 :5 51 • 1 B 48880.5 13 NHAT 39 42 32!r ... 32B 40 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------,. \"( ... _;_ ----·· ----~-~ .. .ll J I .J .J .J J WITHIN WN Wt --------· ····--· . ~--. ----. J 1 -~ --·.·] 1 ] • ----~-·-···-~---------~---·---________ ;._ ______ .... -----.,._ ________ _ • I 'I • ;:.. ~------~-: :::.:---=-:~-::-=-:::--::.:-::::-:::·;:::::;::-::-::::·:::.-::·::::::-:::::::-.-::::::·:.;:::::::.-=-::-.:-::::~~:::-.:-~.::-::~ =~ ~:·:: _ _. ;., :~-.::-:.: ~= = :: -::..-~: ::·~::-:. -.:-.::-::-::::·.:: ::·.: ::.::·.:: .. :: :.: = ::-:.::-::-:. ---------~--·---.1 -; TABLE H.f .t1EANSv STANDAIUr EHRORSr AND VAIUANCES FOR DRY WEIGHTS •\ OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR : . i -----·-----~:;en~-'T5 ~ -'iTH:l --'r'HE Nt.iHBE f~-OF -·-sA li(·CHIG UtH n3 < H12 > ; -E S i fM ATE n SAMPLE ----------------------------------------- 1 8 , ! SIZE <NHAT> IS HIE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REOUH~ED TO BAt1F'L.E THE i "'' CUI\RENT ANNUAL GI~OWTH WITHIN 20/. OF THE t1E(.)N WITH 80;{. CONFIDENCE, I , ' ----·: .. ·:~:::::·.:::::.-~.::~ .:_:_~~-::::-::-::::·.:·:: __ -.:::::. :: .:.: :::.-::::::~::.:.:.::~~ ~:.-:.-~:-:::::.:::.~:. ::: .. ~ .: ~; ... :.;::: .:-~=~~ --:·: ::. :~-~--~ --.:. --.:. .:. ::~ : . .:. .... -:. _; --.:.--..::::: .:.:::;;-~::::-:~-=-------------------------- •1, i I , : I·~> ., ,, " • ,..I . l':j .,::1 ! f CATEGORY <N :::: 9) X . . . -----...... __ ~-· ...• _. . '" -----·--· ----~~--·· ,_ .. BETULA GLANDULOSA TWIGS(G/10M2 52, s_ X :1.0.4 . Bt't!JLA--6Cf.iHiTULCHff.i-'LEAVE-STG7Io1r·----·-r95-;-·----57.4 SALIX PULCHRA TWIGS (G/10M2> 34. 15,9 SALIX PULCHRA LEAVES (G/10M2l , 64. 26.4 't CJTt,L-Tw I tHi --r..NifTt AVES-(G/ i6H2----·34 5 ·;· .. -··---·----59. 8 . I I . ----------------------· ·----------------------------·---------------------------------------------· l .•. I .!,.'! J • ..: 2 971.4 ---2<'FZ1~'i::r. o ·---------- 22Bs.9 6265.0 ' '1 ' . ' ·• --3.:..156.7 N NHAT WITHIN WN WN 9 15 -----9 ---------------------:3"~~--------------------- 9 82 9 64 9 ·-.~-i:r·-----· ------------------------· - •. ,'.'! ; ,._ i el::-1 I ,.:i I : :-· . . --------·-----····-.. ~---"-__ _, ------.. -_______ ,._ ---------... ~.-.---·---<~.! --------------------------------------------------------------------------------I " _: .',,; II-i Tr1BLE H(. t1EANS, STANDAI~D E"RORS, AND VARIANCEG FOR DRY WEIGIHS .. 1 i OF SELttTED-SHRUB ~PECitS.iNbiVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR • I ". ~:~ I :n:: :l 8 • . N I S ,n~ r:: NUMB E 1'\ 0 F ~AMP l _HI~ UN ,I"~!~ < U1 :~? ~ .... E S T U~ ATE D B ~ t11~ L E I ::: ~---------·---i-6 ~~If~ i~Ji~ h ~-o lt---~ k'El ~1 ~w~~~~ n~-~--~I~!}.F:' ~ ~~ ~-~ l1 t~ ~-~~ ~-~ t/~ E ~ L; i~/-~ ~~ !~ :/ ~ () ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~ ~ e ~ ~~~ E-. -------________ , ___________ ---------------•1 ···I ----------· ----------------· ----·---... ------ ------------ ------.. --.. -------.. ---· ----....... --..... -----... -----· ....... ------...... -----------· -----..... ---- 1 :.J------CATF.::CHll~Y·-----< N :::: 10 > X .... ---........ -s_ S 2 N NHAT -~JflHiN ~JN WNi .l-- - ' i :·j_____ _:: :-:-:. ... _ -~ ::-= :· --:: :·: :· :: -:-·:-·_: :· -· ~--~ :: _-_: :: ~ ::::-.:: :: .. ---~-: ::.-:.::: -~-~:-:: -~: .. ::-:· ---::.::: ~~ .. --·: -~_:: :· ·:· -~ :·· ------"~-------·: --~--------... -... ~-~-~-~~~ ... -: :-:---~--..... -~----:_ __________ ---· -·---- ! ,. • B E T U L. A G L. A N D U l 0 S A T W I G S < G I 1 0 M 2 4 • 1 • 4 1 El • B :1. 0 4 b • i ,, I BE l U LA G L. AND U L 0 !:>A LEAVES < G I 1 0 M 6 6 • 2 ~5 • B 56 8 0 • 9 :L 0 . . : 54 1 "_-~---BIH.,I;(_F:uu::Hf\A JWJ..~S ((Jil0t12_)_ ..... 2.,_,._ 0.8 6;8 10 B? ___________________________ _ ,•· 1 ~iAI...L< PULCHRr-1 LEAVEB <GI10H~~) 10. 4\6 210.~) l.O 92 • ; . I ~HH. I X L MUl u.. T w I G B ( G /1 0 M 2 ) . () • 0 • 2 0 .• 4 1 0 4 j_ 0 \-! !=d1LIX LANr.Hfl LE(~VES <GI10M2> :1.. 0.'7 ~).4 10 11~~ ··-------ii:i 'f6i.:.---l~li G fJ riNli-L E: ?1 iJ E f.f" CG I 16H~r--· --·-tr3· ;·----... --. --.. 2l, ; :i. ---b B l 9 • o :1. o .. -----'4 r--···--........ --·-----------------------...... -• • • . ,.... .. I J ~· I 1 " J .· .J . i I., I I ·· I,: . ' I 'i ! i ~ ' I j : t i . : . ' . l 1 TABLE HZ MEANSr STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR DRY WEIGHTS lJF -F.; E:L E C T E J:i ~JBF~u B ·g f:~E t 1:" E s·-r-:t""tfii tV 'fti LfA t L·y AN It.· t:·o Mt(\: N E II--F [} r~--· .. w ...... ~~------ SITE 19. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS <1M2). ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE <NHAT) IS THE NUMBER bF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE CURRENT ANNUAL GROWTH WITHIN 20% OF THE MEnN WlTH 80% CONFIDENCE. 2 Cr.1TEGDF:Y <N == J.O) .. s . X BETULA GLANDULOSA TWIGSCG/10M2 7. 4.0 162.2 10 BETULA GLANDULOSA LEAVES(G/10M 76, 213.9 8340.9 1.0 SALIX PULCHRA TWIGS (G/10M2) 6. 3 t 7 ;· 133.4 10 ---·--·-·--· ---·--...... ~-~ ···--· SALIX PULCHRA LEAVES <G/10M2) 20, 9. (' 98 1/. 1 10 TOTAL TWIGS AND LEAVES <G/10M2 108 • 36.2 13139.5 l.O . . . "~ . i2':1 60 1.81 .. i 62 ____ .. -···-·--·-·······---·-------·-· . ·- 4b • TA[iLj:__lt_K MEM~S, STMHIARD ERRORS, At-1[1 VARIANCES FOR DRY WEIGHTS j. OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR WOODLAND BLACK SPRUCE TYPE, N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS <1M2), ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE INHATl IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE ,, ---------CURRENT ANNUAL GROWTH WITHIN 201.tiF--TI-iE MEAN WITH 130% CONFI[IENCE. ------·----•-••--•·-----••••--•·---·-····-------------------------------------~----•••••·----RM _____ _ 2 . I CATEGO!<Y Ul 37) X sx 5 N NHAT WITHIN WN ~-----.----------~------------·-----------·-•·-----~-~--------------~-----~----•••·--~--------~---.--·--·-.-MM•·--BETULA -GLAt·i"IIULOSA TWIGS I G /1OM2 --2., ~--------5 .-2' -i 008. 9-------------'3 f ------70·--67"1""7~. 8"'8.--------,3"'3 BETULA GLANDULOSA LEAVEG<G/IOH 12J, 22,8 19292.0 37 53 17359.77 33 ,------------·· ... ·-------- WNHAT 43 40 11 • 4.5 ,.,., ._,_,, 7.9 749.6 2281.2 37 37 243 630.68 33 205 151 1920.42 33 127 o. 0.1 0. 1 37 1516 0,11 33 1530 53lo.3a 40546.90 3 3 ·:., .. 3b5 ... fi'.J 111 ---· ····----~---· _, ' r· SALIX PULCHRA TWIGS IG/10M2l SALIX PULCHRA LEAVES IG/10M2l SALIX LANATA TWIGS IG/10M2l SALIX LANATA LEAVES IG/10M2l T[l'TALTWid5 MHt LEriV!:.S IG/10112 o. 0.2 104; 29:-a 1. 7 37 32fJ8Ei'. 8 37 499 1.47 33 420 . --. "' o--2:!6 {) 7-; 3 8 ----3'3--"2v-------.-1-.3~4~9'...-.---.-.-~~---.-.-.,.-...;;;;;;;;. -------------··-----·----~------------·------------------------------------------------------------·· I .. } ·.~ J ) 1 1 .. -\)_ -----.•.. -··· ---.. 1: • / TABLE H~ MEANSr STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR DRY WEIGHTS OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR -,·-·-----· ····-·sT1t:·T6·.···t.J.H1i'HE-tWf1BEf~ Of-~-l;t'IMF'LING Utl:Lrs (:l.t12); [:~!3'rll'1ATED SAMf:'LE • ' I '· l· i ., ~ l i': ·' i . I I e:: ' ' •· • SIZE <NHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE CURRENT ANNUAL GROWTli WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE, C(.JTEGOF\Y <N "" 10) BETULA GLANDULOSA TWIGSCG/10M2 BETULA GLANDULOSA LEAVESCG/iOH- ALNUS SINUATA TWIGS (G/10M2) ALNUS SINUATA LEAVES (G/10M2) X 5. 29. 10. 62. TDTr.~L T~.!IG~l r.,Hr•· LEAtJ[Ef.(GifOi1T·--·fo7.- c• "l-s . ., <- X ----. ....... ---· -- 2.7 HJ. ~i 6,. 9 42.7 49.3 72.8 :54 i.E!. 9 476.0 182?;·~ •• ~ 242~i6. 0 :1.0 10 10 10 "1.0- -----·-. --- NHAT WITHIN WN WNI 12~.) ... 1.t.17 ---··--· . ------------------~-··~·-··· ~ ·---··· 184 19 ~:~ -· ---·s F.l 1 • r I . ': w '-" ' '•- ""' " ... -·· ................ ''"' ...... , .... -~ -·· ............................................ --................... , ......................... --··--·· ................ -............. --------......................................... --.......................................... ----........................... .. ·y· ,., YJ I ,:-H (ti t.t t:" A >-1 ('' !" ·r I· u [ A r:o I' E"l:'o ,-. () r:o (' A~, T' !I A ["o ]' A H [' f:-" ('• r: () ,... r , ... y q ~~-'[ ('' u .,. p 1··1 .... ... ••• 4-J I .:.. --n ;,1 ' ,J t·\ n .I · ,,, .I :. ', ' '' ,J :1 ·• I' A. I "' e"\ . . ·· n ~ ... ~) . '\ J ' ~ ... . . ·' n ,:} OF SELECTED SHRUB SPttiES-ikfiiVIDU~LLY AND COMBINED FOR SITE 17. H IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS (1M2), ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE CUF:F:E:NT ANNUAL-cii~OWTH I!.IITHIN ;!O% OF THE ~1Et,N WITH BO~{. CONFIDENCE. ' . .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... --.... --..... -.............. --.... ---......................... --........ --............................ ------.... -........ -" ............. --........ --.................... --............................................ --· .... --.............................. _ .. " ·' .... ,_ --· ........ -.. --~-.. --.-.--.... -----··-... - CrlTEGOHY <N :::: 10) X s_. N X -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- . ) -WI THIN 14N WN 1 • u ------ lj_ ___ ~_ --~-------·----------······ --···---... -------------------------~----------'!J -----------------------·····--·--------------------------------------·----------~------~------------------ lADLE HU MEANSr STANDARD ERRORSr AND VARIANCES FOR DRY WEIGHTS OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR OPEN NIXED f~-~-~:~~~·~~~~=c~~~!~~~Ily~~~ :u~~~~u~,£=A~~L~=~~~h~~~~~~~~ ~~hlt:~"T~.~~E~,~~-~~---------~------~--------~~• CURRENT ANNUAL GRDWTH WITHIN 20X OF THE MEAN WITH BOX CONFIDENCE. CATEGORY ( N '" 20) X s_ X s N NHAT WITHIN · WN WNUAT Itt1S N= 2 IIN --_-__ -_-_-_-::::----· ---·-------------------::·::·::-::::.-:.-=:..-.::-:::-:::;;:_--------.:.:::-: = .:.-=-:: .:-.::-::·.:::. -·· _·_; .• -•. -~ ~ -·~:::.:-;; :.------------------------------------'----.,.----:::: ' ,. BETULA GLANDULDBA TWIGS(G/10H2 2, 1.4 40.8 20 279 36.38 18 249 120.05 BETULA GLANDULOSA LEAVESIG/lOH 15, 9,6 1840,8 20 359 1709,44 18 334 4205,00 1 · 82 1, ------AU-ius srNUATA TWIGs <G/10~12> s: · 3.6 253,4 20 392 2Ja:o1 1a ;168 ·---s3<r;.qs-·-r-·a I ALNUS SINUATA LEAVES IG/10H2) 31. 22.0 9680.6 20 408 9136,80 18 385 19468,80 1 .: TOTAL TWIGS AtHt LEAVES IG/10H2 53, 26,9 14480,1 20 209 12128.02 18 175 56817,80 1 !\ -----_.:::-::=·.:. -------· ---... ·----------------_ . ._-.:-~~:_--=..-_-.:;:::.-:.:-:.:·::.:-.:.:::--..~::----.:·.:·~;·;,:-~:::.:..-::==..::.-:... .:.....:·...: ._ ~~ ~ L .. ---_:.::. ~--: ~-::-.:-··-~--~------·-·· ·--------~ --------~-----------------.ilillit: I,, I ! , ti .. : I i I d. t j "! ti·' 1 ~· :-------;i ;~~ ;::: t#7i----·~ t~~ i~ ~ -~~.~~ i, ~·~i~ Aii, ~~ ~~ ;~ 6 ~ ;~;=-~~~ti:_o-~--~-i~ ~~ ~ ~ j~----;-i)i~~ti-~v=·w ~~;. ~ ;~ ~~~--===~=:: ---~~=~~-~:~---~~~---~~~=~---~------------------------------- ~~-1 OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AN9 COMBINED FOR . ·,~· SITE 8. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS <1M2>. ESTIMATED SAMPLE .. 1 ! SlZE OHU:IJ") IS THE Nut1BEf~ OF HM'IPLHW UNITS F\ECHJI.F.:ED TO SAt1PLE l."HE t i " C l.H~ H F t-IT ANNUAL G R 0 W T H W I T H I N 2 0% 0 F THE ME f.l N W I T H B () :r. C 0 N F I DEN C E • \: : ···--, .... .::·:._::::_~: ··-... --------... --··: -~-~~ ·:.--::.::·.:.:.:-::.-.:.:: :: .. ::-...:-:.~.:=-~::.:.::.:.=-:.::::-=:..::::_:_:-_:::.:-::--~-~:~~ -.:__::: :.-_::::_~·:.:-:: .:-:.:~ :: --·.:_:-:-~~-:::::.~:-:~.:-_::-:·.·:_::.:-.:.~-:: .. ::::~:::~---- 2 • Ct1TEGDRY ( N :o 7> X .s .... N NHAT WITHIN WN WNHA ~"-------.--------·------------ X ----------------------------------------------~--------------?-------------------t : BETULA PAPYRIFERA TWIGS <G/10M 10. 7.6 407.3 7 1 8~5 ~ BETULA PAPYRIFERA LEAVES (G/10 26. 20.9 3054.7 7 186 /'<i' -...... ~(~ :-··-··-:·-;_-~--------·~· .:: .. , ~ ~-~' ~-.,...~ ;• ,..,., ··.--•-, Ci'"-•-~·•••\,--"·-••••-··-·.·~:;--·-----·-·-··~ .. -~--F-"'•~•r•••:··· '' ~-••-·~-·••···--·· ~ ,.)-• -·• •• -,·--·-·---• -•P• .. •• r•, ,:do~LlA t\U'-lXbL:d;J fWlG:l (G/10~1.:..) 690. 16.;. 7 l.9.:..:.4,:Lb ' -· ..... 7"" ....... ·------................ 17-·------~----~------ t/ ' SALIX ALAXENSIS LEAVES (G/10M2 895. 198.4 275589.0 I;.' l';·. ALNUS SHllMTf.t TWIGS_ (~(_~~H_1_2) __________ ,)_~~~---------·-·· 62.:S ____ 27198.<> ..... . ALNUS SINUATA LEAVES (G/10M2) 232. 110.3 85111.1 t' ·, TOTAL TWIGS AND LEAVES (G/10M2 1989. 464.1 1508023.8 .J .. l 4 .l··· l--·-.l·--·· l-···, 1-·'""'"" }··"""" .......... t··-·- "7 15 7 61 "7 --······--·---------6 ~~ _____________ .... _ .... ____________ -----·· -------------·---.. 7 1b ~ J· ·--· ~-.. --I . -. I .. J s l - -1 l l .. • • J ··-·--~---... . ··-··. -·--·--··----·············-· ...... ······ -....... ··--·----~~ -·------------------ TrllJCEtfl3 t1EANS~ STANDARD. ERfWRS, AND VAr.:IANCES FOR DHY l~IEIGHT!3 • ,, DF SELECTED f.HlHUB BF'ECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COt1BINHt FOR .: tHTE 11. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMF'I...lNG UNITS <1M2). ESTit1ATED !JM1F'LE .• ~-------· ----------!iTiE-(tiHA-f)·-·r s ... ··fHE .. NlJ 11· [,"£ Ff--o V-1'fMff::·c I N(f. UN Ifs -· r~ E Q U I f~ Fl D 1' (j . SAM f:· L E THE . ---·· ---·-----~-------~--··--- • ., i CUI~r\ENT ANNUAL GF: OWTH WITH :t N 20/. OF THE MEAN WITH 80i; CONF HtENCE • • ::j ''·I • • ., • Cf.tTEGDf\Y < N :::: X c• ;J_ X s '1 ... N WITHIN WN ~JNH .. ------···--~----. ---·-·---. -------· .. ----·-··-----·-----·---~~~~----·-----------_....., _____ ' --· ..•. --·· -.. . . .. . . ··-··· ----·--··· -----------------~~---------------·-· -----------------~--------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SALIX PULCHRA TWIGS (G/10M2> SALIX PULCHRA LEAVES <G/10M2> ~AllX ALAXENSIS TWIGS ~G/10M2~ SALIX ALAXENSIS LEAVES <G/10M2 TOTAL TWIGS AND LEAVES (G/10M2 7. 21. 46. 149. '") '") ,.) ~~.· .. ,:.. ,:. .. . ---- 6.6 17.7 . -· "'27. () . 84;2 1 o:5 dJ . . . ···----·--·---__ ....,..., ~·----· ···-···-----------·----....... ----·-·----. ----·--- 260.2 18'71.5 4~568. f:) 42~:i49.1. 64697.:1. 6 6 6 6 b '208 100 . -·~1~). BO 54 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ··' t,< . • l l ~ j-~--. ----..... -. . i [=:C--~~:~ .. =---.... ----------- ------------------------. --.... ---------- ---- . TABLE1frc( tiEAtlS• BTAIWtoF:II EHI~ORSr AtHI VARIANCES FOR DR{ WEIGHTS OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMDINED FOR TALL .•, . -·---------- ' -~--"---1 ,------------- 1 WILLOW TYPE. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS <1M2), ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE <NHATI IS fHE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE ' ~ CURRENT ANtHIAL GROWTH WITHIN 201. OF THE 11Ef.IN WITH BOt. COtlFiltENCE, .!-. -.::..::::..::..=..:::_:_::..: _·:_:: ·-.. -· --------------.. -·--------·----·: -::._~:::.::.:::.:: ·::._--: ·: -- ---:· ---.. ·--: _-: .......... ---:: ~--:.·:--: ---------------_: ::-...: :· -------------------. ---·---. ~------,.--------:1-i I· _ 2 1; . 1 CATEGORY <N = 13> X 5._ S N NHAT WITHIN WN I : ------:.. -=-----~--::·:. ~-.... -------......... -----.. ----------------.. -------------------~--------........ --...... --.. ----.................. ---............ --·- WNilAT BMS N= 2 . .,, BN BNHA_T,~ ---------· ·-. :.~ .. I ItETULA f-'AF'Yf< I FEr\ A TWIGS (G/10M 5. 4.2 228.3 13 353 222.16 11 .343 295.90 BETULA PAF·YRIFERt, LEAVE!:> <G/10 14. 11.5 1'709.3 ,. 1 :l 358 1666.18 11 349 2184.00 t--------· ..... .. . .. .. . , SALIX F'UL CHRA TWIGS <G/10M2l -j~---3.1 i22.2 13 450 · ---ns; :u,-· 1 r--4 4 3 -·----·----:---ro 5 • 9 4 I SALIX PULCHRr, LEA'JEB (G/10M2l 10. 8,3 1394.13 13 -403 850.67 H. 302 1379.90 i SALIX ALAXENSIS TWIGS (G/lOM2l 393. 12'7.0 209'750.5 13 56106845.97 11 29 1341700.33 SALIX ALA>:EtJSJ!O LI':{,1JECi (G/l.OH2 550. 153.3 305555.4 13 42l69661.7f:l 11 23 180038~.73 AUWS SINUAH1 JI . .J I t;f; (IJ/l()tl~1 ) 73. 37 .o 18578.7 13 142 14835.27 11 114 59'756.31 ALtHJS t> ltHifH t\ 1... F t-r ',' F ~;:; (l:i/HII';2) 12~) •. 66.2 5'7028.8 13 150 46424.26 11 122 1'73678. 84 TIJT(,, r 1.1 1;: .,. ' ' :· ~ -, ' ~:-~-' '_; :::· c ' ;·~ / ! .-~ h ~~ 1174. 353.1 16211:52.:5 !.3 498519(>6.20 11 26 ~ihit::H* • . ........ _. , . . I J J J ' <I I .. ' J ., . ' ;'I I ;•! ' ;~ ' I.· ---- ·~·.··] l J .l Trll~LE }tl:) llEANS, STAND1~f.:D EI\IUJRS,· AND VAIUANCES FOI::: DRY ~!EIGIHB OF SELECTED SHRUB S~ECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR SITE 12. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS <1M2), ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE (NHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE CURREl~T ANNUAL GROWTH WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE, Cf.HEGDF(f ( N o:. 4) X s_ s N X BETULti GL.tttlDULOSA TWIGS<GI10t12 66. 59 t ~) 14140.3 4 :8ETI.JLtt GL.ANDULDBA LEAVES ( G/ l.Ot1 27:'5 t 1.83.8 13('5;!0 :l ,() 4 St1L l X PULCHRf~ TWIGS (G/10M2> i El • 4.9 s>.4 t 9 4 St~L. J X F'UL.CHI~A LEAVEB (G/10M2) 93. 32.6 •.· 4~~4B. s> 4 f.lf.1L I X GUrUCtt HUGS (G/10H::~> l t 0.5 1 .o 4 Et1L I X GL.tliJCI::, LEtWES (G/1.01'12) ,., ,.; .. t 2.3 ~~ 0 • :3 4 ~:;r::,Ll'l Lf:tf!(1Tt; TlJillB <Gil0M2> 13 t l:L 3 702,3 4 ;:~ (, ~ -·· T :·/: l .. t,HftTt; L.Ft,I,:Ef:; ( 0/1 Ol·i2) 3/ • T/.0 ~54'?1: .• 0 4 TDTt!l. 'i' !J .. 'l G ~~ ft tiD LEr1 1JEE (fJ/10~~2 ~j 0 :~ • 21.3.2 l.Bl7t13.<~; 4 •. . ) NHAT WITHIN WN WNHAT 1 :~2 .. .,,:. ... /'"' l ~ -·--·. --~-..... --... 2:1. 1b4 :1.64 164 :1.64 30 ~~ --· .... ··-.,., -·· ·-·· .............. ', ...... ··~ ··-••; ··~ ............ -·· ................ --............. ·--.·· .... --................................. "" ........................ ----................ --............ ---·· ................ ----.......... -- -- ----.. ,. ----··-........ ··-· t lj_. . .. :;~ ;;L;~ ;~;~~ ... H ~~-~ ... ;·;~~~-t1 s, .. BT'f!ND AHD . i;Ri3QR§.' .. 0t~ll) __ ~0~.1 AN !:t~:G FCm . DJ\ Y ~EIGHTS OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR SITE 13. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS <1M2). ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE <NHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE CURRENT ANNUAL GROWTH WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE. BETULA GLANDULOSA TWIGSCG/10M2 BETULA GLANDULOSA LEAVESCG/10M BETULA PAPYRIFERA TWIGS <GilOM BETULA PAPYRIFERA LEAVES CG/lb SALIX PULCHRA TWIGS CG/10M2> !:;tiLIX PULCHRf.t LEAVES (G/10M~!) SALIX GLAUCA TWIGS <G/10M2) SALIX GLAUCA LEAVES <G/10M2> TOTAL TWIGS AND LEAVES (G/10M2 20'7. 23. "'') '') 1 .. it. •• 7. '1 '1 1( .. ,.· .. + 10.2 413.6 23.2 35.1 7.0 21.9 98.8 939.7 21.2'76. •t 48~)3.4 11()<1~5.1. 43. f) :1.<756.'7 441.0 433~::i.B El79~B.b 9 9 9 9 9 9 9' 9 9 . 36 2:l ~~69 369 ---~--------------------~----~---------~- 17·'l 16:i 36S1 . ~srn 29 "' .. -. ---........... ___ -. ·-· --.. ----------·-··------------------·----~------·-----~---·-~---~-- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------~-.. · .. ; ~ ' . .l J .I _j J .1. •· • • •• • 1 I . . . -. . ------··----------------------------------------------------------------------~-- TABLE H~7 MEANS, STANDARD ERRORSr AND VARIANC~S FOR DRY WEIGHTS OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR . ... t~ITE 4. N·is THE NUt1BER OF SAHF;CltHf UNITS <ili2), EBTIHATED !3M1F'l.E. SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE CURRENT ANNUAL GROWTH WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE. Ct1 TEGDRY < N ::: 7) BETUL?1 GLr1 N DUL. OS A TWIGS<G/10M2 DETUL(t [jL, (.:1N D UL 0 SA LEAVES(G/10t1 E)(ll.. I X PULCHf\?1 TWIGS (G/10M2) bt,LlY FUL.CHr;:A L Er1VEB <GI10M2> TUTttL T~J:rG~; ?1t!D LEAVES (G/10M2 X 24. 9 ~;;. 37. 21'7 t 373. ~; -- X 7.9 25; r; 13+8 73.0 69.6 2 N 434.17 7 4712.7 7 1335.5 7 3'73~32. :1. 7 339:.'6. 2 "7 I NHAT :~2 ,., ... , A .. ~~,· .. 41 :.~ :5 :1.:1. • ~ } I>.JITHIN WN I~NH I. ' f i I: \.:~L_ ____ _ ' ' ... ,_, __ I: ; ! ft'iDLE fff._g l'iFtcHSv ::3Tr:~HDr~r\D ERRORS, trNlt Vr~1Rir~,NC!::G FOF: DI'\Y klEIGHTf:) OF SELECT~D SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND CO~BINED FOR SITE 5, N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS C1M2>. ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE ~::. U r;: F\ E N T () N N U t1 L. 131~ 0 W T H W I T H 1 N 2 0 ~~. () F T H F 1·1 E f:l N W I T H 0 0 '!{. C D N F I [I E N C E • < N :: 4) X I::ETULt1 GLtlNDULO~;r., TlJJIGS< G/101·12 1/ • DE·; ij L.l'i G L. trl·l D U L 0 !3 (., LEAVEG< G/ 1 Ot1 189 • ~:; (, L T ~< F'IJLCHF<tc TlJIGS (G/10W2) 21 • s,~\LI/: PUL.CHF:tl LEf:ll)f::EJ ((3/ 1OM~~) 1 ~=.i 2 t ·rUT(:,!.. T t...: Tic;'; ;·:~, t ~ D l .. [()l.)[f.) ( G /1 Ot12 379 .. I I 1 X ... H • 3 B'l .8 8.B 6:1 . • 9 79 • 8 J C' ~· 278. ~5 30B4B • r; 30B .7 1~~3~:i:l ,() 2~5495 • () 4 4 4 4 4 ' '' ---------------~- NHAT WITHHr-· WN .. WNHA1 39 ;·56 29 2(] f:l J • • • • • • • • • • 1 ] . . -··-~-· ........ -·· ,._ .......... -·· .... ··-.... --.......... ~ ........ ----........ -......................... ------.................... --.... ----..................... --.... ---.... --........ --- --.... --.................... --- --...................... ----............... .. TABLE ~{9 MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR DRY WEIGHTS OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR SITE 6. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS <1M2). ESTIMATED SAMPLE ;;JZE (IIHtll) IS THE Nllt1BEH CJF ~;(.',~IPI...ING UNITS F~EUUIF.:ED TO B~I~1PLE THE LURREIIT ANNUAL GROWTH WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE. < N '"' X X NHt1T .. -·· .... -·· -·· --.... -·· ---·· .... ··---............ ··-------- --........................ ----................................ ··-........ --.................... --------........................ ··-............ ,. .. '"' --··-··~ _ .. _ .............. --··----·· _ .......... --........ . BETULA GLANDULOSA TWIGSCG/10M2 DETULA GLANDULOSA I...EAVES(G/10M SALIX PULCHRA TWIGS CG/10M2~ !:>t1LI>< F'ULCHI~:r.', LEAVES CG/l0t1~!) TUTAL TWIGS AND LEAVES <GI10M2 2'lb. 50. 3~:). 416. 39.-4 162/B ~---.......... 4 1 '-., 113.7 1.49.1 4663.0 7!1521.;3 5206. ~5 .. 10~)1.0 66652.0 64 43 l WITHIN WN WNH ~ ····-· --· ~-------- • ;:~!' '.,,~- /•' .. ·-------------------------------··-·····---------------------------.....,.,...,- ~TftBLE.7f7ZY-HEANS• STAIHIARD ERRORS, ANli VARIANCES FOR IIRY WEiGHTS OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES I~DIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR OPEN LOW DWARF ~IRCH-WILLOW, N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING U~ITG !1M2), ESTIMATED SAMPLE 1. St2~ <NHATl IS THE NUMBER OF SAH~LING~UN!TS REQUIRED TO BAHPLE TH( I' CURRENT ANNUAL GROWTH WITHIN 201 OF THE MEAN WITH 80Z CONFIDENCE • • _____ ___::_-:::__-...::____ ..... _-:-_-_::~.-: ------~---------,,, .... ---....... -Oft •• --.... --........ --:.~,.-:-.~~-~-----~--------~·.-.----""-_---------•• ..... -------............ --. I:. cATEGOf\Y < N " 2n x s_ s' · N NHAT )( BETULA GLANDULOSA TWIGS<G/10H2 36. 10.0 2692.0 27 97 BETULA GLANDULOSA LEAVES(G/10H 193. 37.2 37326.6 27 42 WITHIN WN 2850.41 . 22 38894.51 22 ----BETULA-FAF;Yr< I FEr< A TWIGS <Gil OM a~ . 7.7 1617.El 27 1106--1764; El9" '22 BETULA PAPYf\IFERA LEAVES (G/10 12. 11.7 3698.4 27 1106 4034.5'1 22 SALIX F'ULCHRA TWIGS (G/10H2> 22. 6.2 1045.2 27 89 908.54 22 WNHAT IIHS N= 5 IHI 92 1820.84 ' -4 43 28703.34 4 1201 ----------aoa·;-9~ · 1207 1849.19 4 77 1796.78 4 SALIX PULCHR.ATEAVES ( G/1 OH2 f----Tb-;;r.----26-. if --,---f8239. 0 ---· .... 27 · ------~7oT366b-~73"--22" ___ SALIX GLAUCA TWIGS !G/10M2) 2. 2.3 146.8 27 1038 160.50 22 1i35 SALIX GLAUCA LEAVES (G/10M2) a. 7.3 1448.2 ,. 27 972 1579.41 22 1060 .; --"EHiUiCLANATA TWIGS <GI10t12) ~2 ·;-~---· -~---2·;·o ·· ·1o4;o 27 -l1M-------·9s-;n--22--1 01 a···-- SALIX LANATA LEAVES !G/10H2> "' .... 5.5 811 .3 27 1106 746o73 22 1018 ,, TOTAL TWIGf> MID ur.vrs \G/10H2 391. 49.6 66551.0 27 18 75553.00 22 21 --~~-----.. --..... "'"~-------- ---------------------~~-4--------------------------~~--------------~··---------------·-------- ' .J..· -d"i' . . i. ______ -.L.. __ .-····-.I.. ' M J 1 --] 1 ., '! ---· .... II:.! ·':! ---.I J ----~ ~ ~ ~~ --ii :11-~;; ~;;~; --;~~~~A~~-~~~;;~~~-~~~-~~;;~~~~;,-~~~--~.~~-~~~~~~;----------------------_,_ ---------------- I . :'_I-·_______ f~ F t~ E ~-E C TED ~ WW r~ f:l P E c I ~-~ ~~HI I v ~ DuAL~ L Y ~~a: Co t1 ~n_N ED F ~~ ~~ _ . , -. ________ _ ___ ----------~-______________________ _ ,, biTE:. 3. NIb THE NUt1BEf\ Or-SAtWLINb UNIH> (1t12>. ES1.£MATEI.t SAMI-LE tl . .'' SIZE <NI-IATJ IS THE NUMBER OF SAtWL.ING UNITS F~ECHJH\ED TO HAMPLE THE . '! CURr~ENT (l~mLIAI... GROWTH WITHIN 20/. DF THE ~1EAN WITH BO% CONFIDENCE. __ t ::! ------------------------------------------------------;------------------------- .. I U1 T E G D F: Y ( N == 6) X S _ S N N HAT WITHIN W N ~---~------~----··------~--"··· --~-~~-······-. ··········----------~---------------·---~--------------. ~~ X ~JNHr- t ' SALIX PULCHRA TWIGS CG/10M2> 17 'l -!:Jtii_I)( PULCHI~r,··LEAVES CG/10~12) TOTAL TWIGS AND LEAVES (G/10M2 21.7. 65~5. 072. 56.3 117.6 170.4 19034.2 !L5o2:s. :L 174207.1 6 6 6 ..... (f ---· .. ---···. ·--· --·-····-·-----·-.............. . t ',1 10 -·I I" t ':·:: . I " TABLE Jf.1l 11EAtH1, Sl(ifHtARD El\RORS, AIW VARIANCES FOR DRY WEIGHTS OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUA(Ly AND COMBINED FOR OPEN LOW WILLOW TYPE, N 15 THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS 11M2>, ESTIMATED SAMPLE " > r'• . •''!b:~ .·M:~ SIZE INHAT> 19 THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE 1 _ __,-c;;---..,.-----: ~~ ~ ~ ~ _: __ :·~ ~~~~~: --~~ ~ ~ :~ ~~--~ -~ ~~-~-~ ~ --:~~-~:.-~~~: --~= ~~-----~~~~ -s~,;~~~-=~~!~ -~ ~=~!:: ~ ----~ ~ ·: ~~:l: -r-·---···w r tl·' r •r -··w ., .. ----"'lfl "-T -.,~.~~N-------------~--" ·. :Ji CATE-GORY ________ nl" 6> --·--x-·---···s_·--rt rt1H 1 r ..... H ..... ~ BN DNHAI - X ~ /"""---------------· SALIX PULCHR~ TWIGS IG/10M21 217, 56.3 19034.2 6 17 19034.17 " J SALIX PULCHRA LEAVES IG/10M21 655. 117,6 03025.1 6 B B302::i,10 5 _]J!!AL __ l!.)l~i_S __ Ml[l LEriVES ( G/10112 ____ 87.£.__ ______ }_?_<! •1_1_7420_~! _____ . ___ _ 6 10174207.07 ~ ,, ---·-----------~----·---- ------------------------·----"----------~------------·----·---··-------------------·~-------··-----······---··--·-····- .I I ] 17 f:l 10 o.oo o. 0.02 0 0 0 -~~ -------'i~)u; 1 1 1 -~;,.;~·.'·I '.i.t.· . c·· r r - -i r t' l ! r I APPENDIX I - Browse Pilot Study APPENDIX I CLIPPED PLOT STATISTICS WITHOUT Betula glandulosa ~1eans, standard errors, variances, and estimated sample sizes for dry weight current annual twig growth of selected shrub species. Betula glandulosa and leaves of other shrub species have been excluded from the analysis. Twigs were clipped from 1-m 2 plots. Dry weight estimates are presented by level IV vegetation type. The within estimated sample size (~JNHAT) is the number of 1-m 2 plots required to be clipped in the vegetation -type within 20% of the mean with 67% confidence. These clipped plots are then evenly allocated to the number of sites sampled in the type. - ..... - - - ] l • 1~--- TADLEI~ MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR DRY WEIGHTS CAG WITHIN 20Z OF THE MEAN WITH 67~ CONFIDENCE, l i ' ··-----------------------------..-,,*,..;· ' .J· _,·-r -. -.. ~----------__iH . ··--··--·-----····---------------~ t=, OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES IIHIIVIIIUALL Y AND COMBINED FOR WOOIJLAN[I BLACK- WIIITE-SPRUCE TYPE, N IS NUHDER OF SAMPLING UNITS <1H2), ESTIMATED SAMPLE ~IZE <NHAT> IS THE NUHFER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE . ~-~-------~----------·--·--· -----------·-------------------- CAT EGOf\Y w "' 16> X s_ X 2 s N Nil AT WIT Ill N Wtl WNHAT BMS N= 2 BN DNHAT ... -----~~~---------------·-·-------------- J 1 1 l I ,J'Io----- ·i" ----------------· ------------ -~--····--------. -.. --------------·----~--------------------,---,-=:-! . . : :!,~;·;~~: . ----------·----··M------------·-------------------------------------------------···-··-··-----tAl!L[".I~ -MEANS, STANDAFW ERF\OHS, MHI VAFdANCES FOk DRY "WE:IGHTS OF SELECTED SIIRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR WOODLAND BLACK SPRUCE TYPE. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS C1M2l. ESTIMATED SAMPLE -----SIZE-<NHAT > IS HIE NUMiiER OF ·sAMPLTtHlutnts· REOUHH:':f• to SAMPLE TilE CAG WITHIN 20Z OF THE MEAN WITH 67Z CONFIDENCE, -·------------------------------------··-··-··-··-··-----------------------------------------. CATEGOHY CN '" :57) X s_ X 5 N NIHIT -------------··-----------------------'---'--~"-1 -----------------------------~-----------1 . ~Jt •.• ,.! -~ --~-~· -------------------·-----------------------------'-- WITHIN WN WNHAT BMS II= 4 I1N £!NHAT --~-==-.:==-=::::-----------.. ---·----·-.::.. .:.--=;;-=:·:.-; . .;..--::-=·;;;. = ;.;-.; =·=--=-=·:.-:::-,.--·----------------.. ----=·-·--· __ -----------·---.. --. ------------------------,.--,-;-r-1 ~~~· .. _;,:·~~ . SALIX PULCHRA TWIGS CG/10H2l 11, 4,5 749,6 37 149 SALIX LANATA TWIGS CG/10M2l O, 0.1 0.1 37 926 . -TOTAL-TWIGS ALL SPECIES < G/10M 11, -4, 5-. 748,5 37 147 -------------------------------------------------------~-------1----------~----- 630.68 33 125 0.11 33 934 6~0.57 . 33. 124 2058.11 0.10 3 3 ----2045_;6r----~---4o1 ... -----------·-----------,rl . .:. /~\ ---~ ~ . . --------·•••••••••••-•••••·----------""-••••M•••••••-··---------------·------------------------------·--·- TABLE 1$ MEANS, STANDARD ERRORSr AND VARIANCES FOR DRY WEIGHTS OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY ~ND COMBINED FOR OPEN MIXED ----~--Sfrilict::DiRCH TYPE, N IS NiJtHc(R OF SAMPLING UNITS <1M2>, ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE CAG WITHIN 207. OF TilE MEAN Willi 677. CONF!IIENCE, 2 CATEGORY <N ~ 20) X s Nil AT ··-·-------·-- ALNUS SINUATA TWIGS <G/10H2> -TOTAL TWIGS ALL SPECI~S <GilOM • c ....• . I I 253.4 253.4 20 20 239 239 WITHIN WN WNHAT 238.01 230.01 18 225 18 225 [!HS N= 2 IIN 530.45 1 530.45 ...... 1 _j IINHAT 501 -501-----~ \A! \JJ -<:.. ,I --I 1 ] ~~;~~-I"'{ .. ~;~~~~·;-~~~;~~~~~~~-·~~~~~~·:··~~~~--~~~-~~~~~~-~~~--~I;~-~~~~~~~--------------------· --------OF SELECTED SIHWB SPECIES HH1IV1tllJALLY AND CDMt1iNED f:Of( "tALL WILLOW TYPE. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS (1M2l, ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE (NIIAT> IS THE NUMI!Ef\ OF SAMF'LING UNITS f\EQUif\ED TO SAMPLE THE - --~ Jl l '. 41 v -; ----,C(IGlJHHHi-2oi-OF nit fiEAN ~iTnT61;CttiNFiDEt4cE;·· . ------------.. ----------------------~-·------.... _---:--------------L ~---------- 2 CATEGDf('( <N " 131 X s N NHAT WITHIN WN WNiiAT BMS N= 2 BN X '----rfETU1:71T'7W'i'liTrtRA-IW I GS-< G/l<Hf ··---S", ~r;-2---~-2tr·;:r----------n--------~rs~z:r;-n--n~2 1o ____ ---:!<J5. 98 1 SALIX PULCHRA TWIGS (G/10M2) 3, 3.1 122.2 13 280 118,26 11 271 165.94 1 SALIX ALAXENSIS TWIGS (G/10M2) 393, 127,0 209750.5 13 34106845.97 11 18 1341700.33 1 IINHAT 27v-- . 380 218 ----ALNUS-SiHi.JA-TifTWIGS (G/10tl2l -n;----:n.a i8571L7 . _.13 ·97 14835,27 11 ?o· 59756-;:n-·-r ·--279 ___ _ TOTAL TWIGS ALL SPECIES (0/IOM 475, 153.5 306264,9 13 34154115,71 11 18 1979906,03 1 220 ... . -----. -·-----·-----------·----------~----------,---,-1 --TABLE If lil::MHl, fJTMHIM:D Ef(f(ORS, AtHI VAfnANCES FOr\ Dr\Y WEIGHTS OF SELECTED SfiRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR OPEN LOW DWARF Blf\CII·-~JILL.Okl, n IE THE NUHHEf\ OF 8At1PLH!G UNITS (Hl2), ESTIIIATED SAtlf"LE ~:;IZE (f~I{,~T l J:; TilE: til.H1BEI~ OF !3At1F'LING UNITc1 REQUIRED TO SAt1PLE THE CAG WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 67Z CONFIDENCE, C!HEGOirf BETULA l''i'-1PYHIFEf(A TlJ I US < G/ 1011 SALIX F'ULCHEA TWIUB (G/10112) st,nx Gf..t,lJCA TWIGS (G/101121 sr,ux L~li~ATA TWIGS ( G/ :l 0112) TOTAL HJIGS ALL SPECIES (G/10M X 8. '1'') ..;.. .. ~ .. 2 t 2. 34. s._ X 7. 7 6.2 2.3 2.0 9.3 2 1617.8 104:5.2 146.8 104.0 2353.6 27 ::7 27 .-,-~ ...:../ ..,-, ..·A _I 676 ~;4 !.>34 6"'"" ' _, 51 ~--•···••••·---••w•••··-w•••-•·-•-••••••••••-·•••••••••-•·-··•··•-------·•··-••·•-••----•-••••••••-••-•·--··•••••••••·--··•••·-•••••• 1(', . ' . ·•·: WITHIN ~JN 1764.B9 22 737 80El.91 4 90B.~i4 ._,,.) ,._~ 47 17'J6.7f:l 4 160.50 '1'1 "-"" 693 ---71 ·;38 4- \]5 t 76 '1') ~~~ ""' I.~ ... ) o ..... 149.55 4 2710.99 '")'") .;....:.. 5~ :587.92 4 J 1 TAE<L[ I~ 11EMJ:3, STM1D(,~:D CHI~Of~~:;, .~tJD VARIANCES FOf\ DF\Y WEIGHTS or SELECTED SJIRUP SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR OPEN LOW WILLOW -TYF·E, li IS THE NUMBER OF SMiPUNG UNITS < H\2), ESTIIHiTED SMlF'LE :::rzE <Nil.'\T) IS THE NUilBEr~ OF SAI1PLING UNITS I~EQUIF;ED TO SAMPLE THE CAG IHTIIH~ 20% DF THE t'IEM~ \HTH 67"1.. CONFIIIEtlCE, CATEGDr\Y SALIX PULCHRA TWlGS (G/10M2l TOTAL TWIGS A(L SPECIES IG/lOM X 217. X 56. ~5 s 19034.2 19034.2 b 6 NIU1T t.JI T fl I N t..IN 11 l9034.17 11 l'i'0~\4.17 WNHAT 11· 11 ,--~l-~J-1 '· !!MS N" l BN o.oo 0 0. 00 -0 1 --r· APPENDIX J -' i - ] _T!!~!?-____ ::r_t_ ____________________ .... _________________________ --------·-_________ .. _____ .. _____ .. _____________________ .. _ ) . i :c 11260 OPEN WHITE ~£J·r.~<U~C~E~·~~~~~~~----------~~~--------------------~--~------~--~~------------------------------------~-c~~~ -------~--~------------------------·R•---~------------------·----------··------------~--~-~~--- CATEGORY_ ;:·, 2 (N = 1.~~)~----------~X~--------~S~~-·~----~S--------------~NL-__ --~NuH~AuT ____ ~ill~--~--~~~--~ua~~--~~UL--~uu~~ X _7Ab.L~_ .. _-T.f: ... -.......... -· .. ----.... -.. ---.... -.... ···-.. -.. ----··-·-------.. --· -· --........ -.. -·---...... ·-------.. ·---· ---- 1127o OPEN BLACK SPRUCE CATEGOf\Y Ol"' 150) X SALIX ,J CJ I ,_J s_ X J 2 s 1007.8 .J N NHAT 210 J j WITHIN WN WNilAT DMS N= 10 IIN 797.06 140 166 9 891 ] 1 -J _ T!!~~-.... :r.L .. _ .... __ .. _ .. ___ -·· ..... _____ ...... __ -·· ........ --··---........ _ .. ·-____ .. _____ ...... _, ........ _ .. _____ ··- 11260 OPEN WHITE SP_,_,H-"U-"'C'-"E~-~~-~--~---. .. ' ----~--~----------------M•••·------------------------------~·------------------------~---·-·- 2 _ __,C..rA,_TuE,...G.uO.uR,_yL· ---<"-'N"--'=::___LQ~iL ______ __.X"------'"_'· sa· .. ,_:_, ---"'-S _______ ...,Nc__ __ ---~:N!.Lilu:A!.LT ___ _~t~lul..Jll.!lluiu:ML.._ruL..c_!!U:tl:ltl.l...-..~~i!..:...u.:.::.--L--Rll--.IUl.un~ X -----·-------- _lAb.f? ____ :f.?,_ ---·······-...... -------------------------·-··--· -·--.... -------·---·--.......... -····---···· ······ .. ----·-··-·· 11270 OPEN BLACK SPRUCE -2 CATEGORY Ol "' 150> X N NHAT X ----~-------------y·--------------~-~----------------------~-------------··------------------- SALIX J ~----· j J J J J .. J 1007.8 150 150 150 150 210 3751 1516 290 M-------------------~-~---~-- ,. .J J I _I WITHIN WN WNHAT IcMS N= 10 IIN 797.06 140 166 4285.82 9 891 .... ;I .] .... J ~. .... - - Browse Pilot Study APPENDIX J ~ODIFIED 1982 CLIPPED PLOT STATISTICS rleans, standard errors, variances, and estimated sample sizes for dry weight current annual boJig grm~th of selected shrub species. l'odified fron data collected in 1982 by Steigers et al. (1983). Betula glandulosa and leaves of shrub species have been excluded from the analysis. Twigs \'Jere clipped from 0.5-m 2 plots. Dry weight estimates are presented by level IV vegetation type. The within estimated sample size (WNHAT) is the number of 0.5-m 2 plots required to be clipped in the vegetation type within 20% of the mean with 67% confidence. These clipped plots are then evenly allocated to the number of sites sampled in the type. ) 23210 DWARF BIRCH 2 CATEGORY <N = 270> X NHAT WITHIN WN WNHAT f:MS N= 18 BN SALIX PULCHRA TWIG <G/10M2> _§_lj_I,._!K..J3J~~UCA T Hl9 __ ((3(1 OJ:1:U_ ~---~~!!...!....-~--=-.!..±.-~=~~---'-------'~~!.._-----'"'-L~;..---.:---'-'!-"!.._-"~'-----''-'--''-"------~--"-'-·>D!.--"':'--~~'-'---'-'-~t. TOTAL ALL SPECIES <G/10M2>