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no.1934
ALASKA DEPARTMENT OF FISH AND GAME
SUSITNA HYDRO AQUATIC STUDIES REPORT SERIES
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U.3~
OCT 2 3 198·'i Document No.
Susitna File No.
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ALASKA DEPARTMENT OF FISH AND GAME
SUSITNA HYDRO AQUATIC STUDIES
REPORT NO.3
AQUATIC HABITAT AND INSTREAM FLOW
INVESTIGATIONS (MAY-OCTOBER 1983)
Chapier 5:Eulachon Spawning Habitat in
the Lower Susitna River
Edited by:
Christopher C.Estes
and
Douglas S.Vincent-Lang
Prepared tor:
1934
4.3.1.6
ALASKA POWER AUTHORITY
334 W.FIFTH AVE.
ANCHORAGE.ALASKA 99501 ARLIS.
Alaska Resources
Library &InformatIon ServICes
Anchorase.Alaska
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NO"l'ICB
ANY QUESTIONS OR COMMENTS CONCERNING
THIS REPORT SHOULD BB DIRECTED 'lO
THE ALASKA POWER AUTHORITY
SOSITRA PROJECT OFFICB
CONTENTS OF REPORT NO.3
Part One
Chapter
1 Stage and Discharge Investigations.
2 Channel Geometry Investigations.
3 Continuous Water Temperature Investigations.
4 Water Quality Investigations.
Part Two
Chapter
5 Eulachon Spawning in the Lower Susitna River.
6 An Evaluation of Passage Conditions for Adult Salmon in
Sloughs and Side Channels of the Middle Susitna River.
7
8
An Evaluation of Chum and Sockeye Salmon Spawning Habitat in
Sloughs and Side Channels of the Middle Susitna River.
An Evaluation of Salmon Spawning Habitat in Selected Tributary
Mouth Habitats of the Middle Susitna River.
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9 Habitat Suitability Criteria for Chinook,Coho,and Pink
Salmon Spawning.
10 The Effectiveness of Infrared Thermal Imagery Techniques for
Detecting Upwelling Groundwater.
Questions concerning this and prior reports should be directed to:
Alaska Power Authority
334 W.5th Avenue
Anchorage,Alaska 99501
Telephone (907)276-0001
ARLIS
AlaskaRLibrary&I 4':.eSOurces
..n.0 11tl atJ30 ServAnc!loraf)'....A'.lees0"'.ruaska
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PREFACE
This report is one of a series of reports prepared for the Alaska Power
Authority (APA)by the Alaska Department of Fish·and Game (ADF&G)to
provide information to be used in evaluating the feasibility of the
proposed Susitna Hydroelectric Project.The ADF&G Susitna Hydro Aquatic
Studies program was initiated in November 1980.The five year study
program was divi ded into three study secti Ons:Adult Anadromous Fi sh
Studies (AA),Resident and Juvenile Anadromous Studies (RJ),and Aquatic
Habitat and Instream Flow Studies (AH).Reports prepared by the ADF&G
prior to 1983 on this subject are available from the APA.
The information in this report summarizes the findings of the 1983 open
water field season investigations.Beginning with the 1983 reports,all
reports were sequentially numbered as part of the Alaska Department of
Fish and Game Susitna Hydro Aquatic Studies Report Series.
TITLES IN THE 1983 SERIES
Report
Number
1
2
3
4
Publication
Title Date~..;..;....---
Adult Anadromous Fish Investigations:April 1984
May-October 1983
Resident and Juvenile Anadromous Fish July 1984
Investigations:May -October 1983
Aquatic Habitat and Instream Flow 1984
Investigations:May -October 1983
Access and Transmission Corridor Aquatic 1984
Investigations:May -October 1983
This report,"Aquatic Habitat and Instream Flow Investigations ll is
divided into two parts.Part I,the IIHydrologic and Water Qual ity
Investigations ll
,is a compilation of the physical and chemical data
collected by th ADF&G Su Hydro Aquatic Studies team during 1983.These
data are arranged by individual variables and geographic location for
ease of access to user agencies.The combined data set represents the
available physical habitat of the study area within the Cook Inlet to
Oshetna River reach of the Susitna River.Part II,the "Adult Anadro-
mous Fish Habitat Investigations",describes the subset of available
habitat compiled in Part 1 that is util ized by adult anadromous fish
studied in the middle and lower Susitna River (Cook Inlet to Devil
Canyon)study area.The studies primarily emphasize the utilization of
side slough and side channel habitats of the middle reach of the Susitna
River for spawning (Figure A).It represents the first stage of
development for an instream flow rel ationshi ps ana lysi s report which
will be prepared by E.W.Trihey and Associates.
i I i r (i l I [(t I I [([L I i
MIDDLE REACH
ADF 8G FIELD CAMPS
OVERALL STUDY AREA
EiliIil
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MAP AREA
o 25
I •
miles
'..b ••0'"ill
Figure A.Susitna River drainage basin.
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EULACHON SPAWNING
HABITAT IN THE LOWER SUSITNA RIVER.
1984 Report No.3,Chapter 5
By:Douglas Vincent-Lang
and
.Isaac Quera 1
Alaska Department of Fish and Game
Susitna Hydro Aquatic Studies
2207 Spenard Road
Anchorage,Alaska 99503
ABSTRACT
Eulachon [Thaleichthys pacificus (Richardson)]are an anadromous member
of the smelt family.Studies to determin~naturally occurring hydraulic
and temperature relationships to eulachon immigration and spawning were
initiated by the Alaska Department of Fish and Game (ADF&G)in 1982 and
continued into 1983.These surveys indicated that eulachon are probably
the most abundant species of fish in the Susitna River.Based on 1982
and 1983 catch data,eulachon being their upstream spawning migration
during early to mid-May.Two distinct spawning runs of eulachon enter
the Susitna River with no apparent definite correlation with either
mainstem discharge or temperature.Spawning was found to occur over a
broad range of hydraulic and substrate conditions along the margins of
mainstem habitats from the mouth of the Susitna River (RM 0)upstream to
RM 50.3.Based on a representative number of spawning sites selected
for further evaluation,it appears that similar physical habitat
conditi on wi 11 .be present under both decreased and increased mai nstem
discharge conditions.
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LIST OF FIGURES ....•.•....
LIST OF APPENDIX FIGURES.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ABSTRACT .•......•.
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
LIST OF TABLES ....
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Page
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1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
INTRODUCTION.
METHODS ..•
RESULTS ..•.
DISCUSSION.
CONTRIBUTORS.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.
LITERATURE CITED.
APPENDIX A ,III ..
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5-1
5-3
5-7
5-26
5-30
5-31
5-32
5-33
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure
5-1
5-2
5-3
Instantaneous measurements of surface water
temperature and dissolved oxygen collected at sites
at which eulachon spawning habitat surveys were
conducted on dates field surveys were performed:
May 23-26,1983......................................5-10
Instantaneous measurements of pH and specific
conductance collected at sites at which eulachon
spawning habitat surveys were conducted on dates
field surveys were performed:May 23-26,1983.......5-11
Means and ranges of water depths and velocities at
sites at which eulachon spawning habitat surveys
were conducted on dates field surveys were
performed:May 23-26,1983..........................5-13
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5-4 Compositions of substrates at sites at which
eulachon spawning habitat surveys were conducted on
dates field surveys were performed:May 23-26,
1983.................................................5-14
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5-5
5-6
5-7
Provisional mainstem discharge of the Susitna River
(USGS provisional data)at Susitna Station and
daily mean surface water temperature of the Susitna
River at RM 4.5 compared at catch per unit effort
for the gill net set at RM 5.0:(see Report #1 of
this report series)May II-June 14,1983 •............
Frequency distributions of instantaneous water
depths measured at sites at which eulachon spawning
habitat surveys were conducted during 1982(A)and
1983(8).These data have been combined to form a
~~~~~e(g).~~~~~~~~~~~~.~~~.~~~.~:~~.~~~.~~~:.~~~~....
Frequency distributions of instantaneous water
velocities measured at sites at which eulachon
spawning habitat surveys were conducted during
1982(A)and 1983(8).These data were combined to
form a frequency distribution for the 1982 and 1983
data bases (C).•.••...•...ee .
5-15
5-17
5-18
5-8 Comparison of the ranges and means of measured
depths and velocities at the eulachon spawning study
site at RM 12.8 (Site No.2)to the range of depths
and velocities most commonly utilized for eulachon
spawn,ng ........•..•..•.....•..•••••..•..•..•....."...5-21
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FIGURES (continued)
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5-9 Comparison of the ranges and means of measured
depths and velocities at the eulachon spawning
study site at RM 16.2 (Site No.6)to the range of
depths and velocities most commonly utilized for
eulachon spawning ••...,.•.••..•.•........•.•.•......•.5-22
5-10
5-11
5-12
Comparison of the ranges and means of measured
depths and velocities at the eulachon spawning
study site at RM 23.0 (Site No.10)to the range of
depths and velocities most commonly utilized for
eulachon spawning .•.•.•.•........•...•.•...•........
Comparison of the ranges and means of measured
depths and velocities at the eulachon spawning
study site at RM 23.1 (Site No.13)to the range
of depths and velocities most commonly utilized for
eulachon spawning •.....•.•.•...•.........••.•......•.
Comparison of the ranges and means of measured
depths and velocities at the eulachon spawning study
site at RM 36.5 (Site No.20)to the range of
depths and velocities most commonly utilized for
eulachon spawning .•.•.•.•.•......•••.•.•.•...........
5-23
5-24
5-25
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LIST OF APPENDIX FIGURES
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Fi gure Page
5-A-1 Eulachon spawning area (Site No.1)on the Susitna ~
River at RM 21.0 (GC S16N07W09DDB):May 23,1983 ....5-A-1
5-A-2 Eulachon spawning areas (Site No.2)on the Susitna -River at RM 12.8 (GC S15N07W12BCB):May 24,1983 ....5-A-2
5-A-3 Eulachon spawning area (Site No.3)on the Susitna
River at RM 13.8 (GC S15N07W02DAC):May 24,1983 ....5-A-3 ~.
5-A-4 Eul achon spawning area (Site No.4)on the Susitna
River at RM 15.0 (GC S16N07W35CDA):May 24,1983 .•..5-A-4 ~
5-A-5 Eulachon spawning area (Site No.5)on the Susitna
River at RM 15.0 (GC S16N07W35BDA):May 24,1983 ....5-A-5
5-A-6 Eulachon spawning area (Site No.6)on the Susitna
River at RM 16.2 (GC S16N07W26BDB):May 24,1983 ....5-A-6
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5-A-7 Eulachon spawning area (Site No.7)on the Susitna
River at RM 18.1 (GC S16N07W15CCB):May 24,1983 ....5-A-7
Eulachon spawning area (Site No.8),rlIIilm15-A-8 on the Susitna
River at RM 19.5 (GC S16N07W16AAA):May 24,1983 ....5-A-8
5-A-9 Eulachon spawning area (Site No.9)on the Susitna
River at RM ·21.5 (GC S16N07W04DBB):May 24,1983 .•..5-A-9
5-A-I0 Eulachon spawning area (Site No.10)on the Sus itna ~River at RM 23.0 (GC S17N07W33DBB):May 24,1983 ...•5-A-1O
5-A-ll Eulachon spawning area (Site No.11)on the Susitna
River at RM 20.5 (GC S16N07W08DCA):May 25,1983 ....5-A-ll ~I
5-A-12 Eulachon spawning area (Site No.12)on the Susitna
River at RM 22.8 (GC S17N07W32DDA):May 25,1983 .•..5-A-12 ~I
5-A-13 Eul achon spawning area (Site No.13)on the Susitna
River at RM 23.1 (GC S17N07W33BCD):May 25,1983 ....5-A-13
5-A-14 Eulachon spawning area (Site No.14)on the Susitna
River at RM 24.9 (GC S17N07W27BBD):May 25,1983 .....5-A-14
5-A-15 Eulachon spawning area (Site No.15)on the Susitna
River RM 26.2 (GC S17N07W22ADA):May 25,1983 .......5-A-15
LIIIV'I,
5-A-16 Eulachon spawning area {Site No.16)on the Susitna
River at RM 26.5 (GC S17N07W23BDD):May 25,1983 ..•.5-A-16
5-A-17 Eulachon spawning area (Site No.17)on the Susitna ~
River at RM 28.0 (GC S17N07W13BAD):May 26,1983 .•..5-A-17
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LIST OF APPENDIX FIGURES (continued)
Figure
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5-A-18
5-A-19
5-A-20
5-A-21
5-A-22
5-A-23
5-A-24
Eulachon spawning area (Site No.18)on the Susitna
River at RM 30.1 (GC S17N06W08CBD):May 26,1983 .•.•.5-A-18
Eulachon spawning area (Site No.19)on the Susitna
River at RM 33.4 (GC S18N06W33ABD):May 26,1983 .•...5-A-19
Eulachon spawning area (Site No.20)on the Susitna
River at RM 36.5 (GC S18N06W15BBA):May 26,1983 .....5-A-20
Streambank/streambed profiles obtained at two
transects at the eulachon spawning study site located
at RM 23.0 (Site No.10).Water surface elevations
(WSEL)obtained on each transect at the time of
measurement and during subsequent visits along with
corresponding mainstem discharges at Susitna Station
(provisional USGS data)are presented in the insert
table ••••••••..•••••••••••..•••••..•••••••..••••••....5-A-21
Streambank/streambed profiles obtained at two
transects at the eulachon spawning study site located
at RM 23.1 (Site No.13).Water surface elevations
(WSEL)obtained on each transect at the time-of
measurement and during subsequent visits along with
corresponding mainstem discharges at Susitna Station
(provisional USGS data)are presented in the insert
table 5-A-22
Streambank/streambed profiles obtained at two
transects at the eulachon spawning study site located
at RM 36.5 (Site No.20).Water surface elevations
(WSEL)obtained on each transect at the time of
measurement and during subsequent visits along with
corresponding mainstem discharges at Susitna Station
(provisional USGS data)are presented in the insert
table...............................................................................5-A-23
Streambank/streambed profiles obtained at two
transects at the eulachon spawning study site located
at RM 12.8 (Site No.2).Water surface elevations
(WSEL)obtained on each transect at the time of
measurement and during subsequent visits along with
corresponding mainstem discharges at Susitna Station
(provisional USGS data)are presented in the insert
table '...................................5-A-24
1.1
LIST OF APPENDIX FIGURES (continued)
Fi gure
5-A-25
5-A-26
5-A-27
5-A-28
5-A-29
5-A-30
Streambankjstreambed profiles obtained at two
transects at the eulachon spawning study site located
at RM 16.2 (Site No.6).Water surface elevations
(WSEL)obtained on each transect at the time of
measurement and during subsequent visits along with
corresponding mainstem discharges at Susitna Station
(provisional USGS data)are presented in the insert
table 5-A-25
Frequency distributions of instantaneous water
depths (A)and velocities (B)obtained at the time
of eulachon spawning at the eulachon spawning study
site at RM 12.8 (Site No.2).Ranges and means of
instantaneous water depths and velocities measured
along study transects during subsequent visits are
also shown ..1Il5 ••••••ClO •••••••••••o ••.,••••oo ••••••••••5-A-26
Frequency distributions of instantaneous water
depths (A)and velocities (B)obtained at the time
of eulachon spawning at the eulachon spawning study
site at RM 16.2 (Site No.6).Ranges and means of
instantaneous water depths and velocities measured
along study transects during subsequent visits are
a 1so shown .•.......••...........•................•..•5-A-27
Frequency distributions of instantaneous water
depths (A)and velocities (B)obtained at the time
of eulachon spawning at the eulachon spawning study
site at RM 23.0 (Site No.10).Ranges and means of
instantaneous water depths and velocities measured
along study transects during subsequent visits are
also shown"1/..II D 5-A-28
Frequency distributions of instantaneous water
depths (A)and velocities (B)obtained at the time
of eulachon spawning at the eulachon spawning study
site at RM 23.1 (Site No.13).Ranges and means of
instantaneous water depths and velocities measured
along study transects during subsequent visits are
also shown 5-A-29
Frequency distributions of instantaneous water
depths (A)and velocities (B)obtained at the time
of eulachon spawning at the eulachon spawning study
site at RM 36.5 (Site No.20).Ranges and means of
instantaneous water depths and velocities measured
along study transects during subsequent visits are
also shown 5-A-30
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LIST OF TABLES
Table
5-1 Sites and dates at which eulachon spawning habitat
surveys were conducted:May 23-26,1983.............5-8
5-2 Instantaneous measurements of water quality
variables collected at sites at which eulachon
spawning habitat surveys were conducted on dates
field surveys were performed:May 23-26,1983.......5-9
5-3 Ranges,means (i),and standard deviations (~)of
instantaneous water depths and velocities at sites
at which eulachon spawning habitat surveys were
performed:May 23-26,1983..........................5-12
5-4 Eulachon spawning study sites selected for further
study..................................................5-20
1.0 INTRODUCTION
This chapter reports the habitat characteristics associated with
eulachon [Thaleichthys pacificus (Richardson)]spawning in the lower
Susitna River.Eulachon are an anadromous ·member of the smelt family.
With-project changes associated with the development and operation of
the Susitna Hydroelectric Project may have impacts on eulachon
immigration and spawning in the lower Susitna River.Two of the major
impacts expected include decreased discharge and increased water
temperatures during the period of the eulachon spawning run (May-June).
Studies to determine naturally occurring hydraulic and temperature
relationships to inmigration and spawning were initiated by the Alaska
Department of Fish and Game (ADF&G)in 1982 and continued into 1983.
The results of these studies will enable project participants to
evaluate with-project effects on eulachon immigration and spawning.
The 1982 surveys (ADF&G 1983a,1983b)confirmed previous reports (Morrow
1980,Lee et.al.,1980)that eulachon utilize the lower Susitna River
basin for spawning.These surveys (May-June,1982)included preliminary
investigations of the extent and timing of the eulachon-run in the
Sus itna Ri ver and of the vari ous habitat and envi ronmenta 1 parameters
associated with the eulachon spawning run.Results of the 1982 surveys
indicated that two runs of eulachon util ize the Susitna River for
spawning and that eulachon are probably the most abundant species of
fish in the Susitna River drainage.It was also determined that
eulachon spawn over a broad range of hydraulic and substrate conditions
along the margins of mainstem habitats.Specific findings of the 1982
5-1
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surveys are summarized in the ADF&G Phase II Basic Data Report,Volumes
2 and 4 (ADF&G 1983a,1983b).
The objectives of the 1983 studies were to further:
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2.
3.
Detenlli ne the extent,timing,and numbers of the eul achon
spawning runs in the Susitna River;
Identify habitats utilized by eulachon for spawning;
Determine the habitat and environmental parameters associated
with eulachon spawning;
4.Monitor mainstem discharge and surface water temperatures
associated with the timing,movement,and spawning of
eulachon;and
5.Determine whether similar physical habitat conditions might
exist under varied mainstem flow regimes to support impact and
mitigation assessments by other project personnel.
The first objective was addressed by the Adult Anadromous Fish Studies
with results presented in Barrett,Thompson,and Wick (1984).The last
four objectives were addressed by the Aquatic Habitat and Instream Flow
Studies Group with results presented in this chapter.
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2.0 METHODS
Methods used in the 1983 studies are presented below by objective.
Objective 1
Objective 1 was addressed by the Adult Anadromous Fish Studies.Methods ~
used in assessing this objective are presented in Barrett,Thompson,and
Wi ck (1984).
Objective 2
Dip nets and boat mounted electrofishing gear were used to identify
habitats utilized by eulachon for spawning.Capture sites were not -,
assumed to be spawning sites unless the following criteria were met 1:
1.A single sampling effort at the catch site produced at least
25 eulachon;
2.At least one male eulachon,one pre-spawning condition female,
and either one spawning or post-spawning condition female were
captured in a single sampling effort at a catch site;and,
3.All eulachon captured at the catch site were in a vigorous
free-swimming condition.
1 These criteria were modified from those used in the 1982 ADF&G study
(ADF&G 1983b).The basis for implementing these criteria can be
found in the ADF&G FY84 Basic Data Report,Volume 2 (ADF&G 1983a).
5-3
Twenty representative spawning sites were selected for evaluation from
the total population of utilized spawning sites surveyed.Field studies
to obtain data on the habitat attributes of these 20 spawning sites were
scheduled to coincide with.the second eulachon run because our ·1982
investigations and field experience indicated this was a more
advantageous period for sampling than during the first eulachon run.
Objective 3
Habitat surveys were conducted at the 20 eulachon spawning sites
selected for evaluation to determine habitat and environmental
parameters associated with eulachon spawning.The procedures followed in
each habitat survey consisted of:
1.The spawning site was assigned a sample number and the river
mile (RM),geographic code (GC),time of day,and date of
sampling were determined and recorded;
2.A field sketch of the site was drawn depicting the general
habitat characteristics of the site and areas of sampling and
measurements;
3.A general description of the habitat characteristics of the
site and the sampling methods and gear used were recorded;
4.The typi ca 1 substrate composi ti on of the site was vi sua lly
'determi ned and recorded us i ng methods descri bed ;n the Phase
II Procedures Manual (ADF&G 1982);
5.Representative measurements of air and surface water
temperature,pH,dissolved oxygen,and specific conductance
were collected at each site using procedures described in the
FY84 Procedures Manual (ADF&G 1982);
6.Water depth and velocity was measured at points on a sampling
grid developed for the collection of water depth and velocity
data based on procedures described in the FY84 Procedures
Manual (ADF&G 1982).
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7.Representative photographs of the site were taken.(A
complete set of photographs are on file at the ADF&G Su Hydro
office,2207 Spenard Road,Anchorage,Alaska 99503).
Objective 4
Surface water temperatures associated with eulachon spawning runs were
determined with a Peabody-Ryan model J-90 thermograph was placed along
the east bank of the Susitna River at RM 4.5.This type of thermograph
can conti nuous ly monitor and record surface water temperatures.Stri p
charts from this recorder were reduced to obtain daily mean temperatures
calculated as the mean of four,instantaneous,point temperature
readings at 6-hour intervals.
Mainstem Susitna River discharges associated with eulachon spawning runs
were obtained as provisional discharge data for the Susitna River at
Susitna Station was obtained from the U.S.Geological Survey (USGS,1983
5-5
provisional data).These data were in the form of mean daily discharge
readings.
Objective 5
A representative sub-sample of the surveyed spawning sites was chosen
for further study to determine whether similar suitable physical habitat
conditi ons that were present at the time of spawni ng mi ght exi st at
different mainstem discharges.At each of the five study sites selected
for further study,two representative transects were selected at the
time of the spawni ng run for streambank/streambed surveys.Headpi ns
were established on each transect at a point sufficiently above the high
water marks.These headpi ns were then referenced to a benchmark (8M)
with an assigned elevation of 100.00 feet.Streambank/streambed
profiles were then surveyed from the headpin into the river to a depth
of approximately five feet using the basic techniques of differential
leveling.The substrate composition along each transect was visually
determined and recorded.Water surface elevation and distance to
water1s edge from headpin at the time of spawning were determined at
each transect and recorded.Representative measurements of water depth
and velocity were also obtained along each transect and recorded.The
date of the field work was noted so that the mainstem discharge
associated with these measurements could later be obtained and recorded
with the field data.During subsequent visits to the sites,additional
measurements of water surface elevation,distance to water's edge from
headpin,water depth,and velocity were obtained along each transect at
different mainstem discharges.
5-6__
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3.0 RESULTS
Spawning habitat surveys were conducted at 20 sites (Table 5-1)between
RM 10 and RM 20 during the second eulachon run (Barrett,Thompson,and
Wick 1984).Field sketches of each surveyed spawning site depicting the
general habitat characteristics of the site and areas of measurement and
sampling are presented in Appendix Figures 5-A-l and 5-A-2.
Representative measurements of water quality (surface water temperature,
pH,specific conductance,and dissolved oxygen)obtained at the time of
spawning collected at each spawning site are summarized in Table 5-2 and
Figures 5-1 and 5-2.The means and ranges of instantaneous water depths
and velocities measured at the time of eulachon spawning at each site
are summarized in Table 5-3 and Figure 5-3.The general substrate
composition observed at each site during the period of spawning is
presented in Figure 5-4.
Average daily surface water temperature of the mainstem Susitna River at
RM 4.5 and mean daily discharge of the mainstem Susitna River at Susitna
Station (USGS 1983 provisional data)were plotted with catch per unit
effort (Barrett,Thompson,and Wick 1984)for the gill net sets at high
tides May 10 through June 8,1983 to compare the mainstem surface water
temperatures and di scharges associ a ted with the movement patterns and
timing of spawning of eulachon (Figure 5-5).These data indicate there
appears to be no definite correlation between the timing of the eulachon
spawning run entering the Susitna River with either mainstem discharge
or surface water temperature.
5-7
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I~
Table 5-1.Sites and survey dates at which 1983 eulachon spawning habitat
surveys were condu~ted:May 23-26,1983.
Site River Mile Geographic Code Date Time
1 20.0 S16N07W09DDB 830523 1445
2 12.8 S15N07W12BCB 830524 0930
3 13.8 S15N07W02DAC 830524 1100
4 15.0 S16N07W35LDA 830524 1135
5 15.0 S16N07W35BDA 830524 1215
6 16.2 S16N07W26BDB 830524 1300
7 18.1 S16N07W15CCB 830524 1430
8 19.5 S16N07W16AAA 830524 1530
9 21.5 S16N07W04DBB 830524 1630
10 23.0 $17N07W33DBB 830524 1700
11 20.5 S16N07W08DCA 830525 1030
12 22.8.S17N07W32DDA 830525 1130
13 23.1 S17N07W33BCD 830525 1230
14 24.9 S17N07W27BBD 830525 1530
15 26.2 S17N07W22ADA 830525 1600
16 26.5 S17N07W23BDD 830525 1700
17 28.0 S17N07W13BAD 830526 1000
18 30.1 S17N06W08CBD 830526 1100
19 33.4 S18N06W33ABD 830526 1130
20 36.5 S18N06W15BBA 830526 1230
Table 5-2.Instantaneous measurements of water quality variables collected at sites at which eulachon spawning
habitat surveys were conducted on dates field surveys were performed:May 23-26,1983.
Specific Mainstem 1
Water Conductance Dissolved Discharge
Site Date Temp.(0C)£!:!(umhos)Oxygen (mg/l)(cfs)
1 .830523 8.1 6.6 95 10.2 6.6,000
2 830524 6.5 6.8 93 6.4 62,000
3 830524 6.7 6.9 93 8.1 64,000
4 830524 6.5 6.9 93 8.6 64,000
5 830524 7.5 6.8 94 8.7 64,000
6 830524 7.8 6.9 94 8.3 64,000
7 830524 7.2 6.9 94 7.3 64,000
U1 8 830524 8.6 6.9 96 6.1 64,000
I 9 830524 9.3 6.9 99 6.1 .64,0001.0
10 830524 8.1 6.8 95 8.9 64,000
11 830525 10.8 7.2 98 10.6 62,000
12 830525 9.3 7.0 99 10.3 62,000
13 830525 7.8 7.0 98 10.3 62,000
14 830525 9.8 7.0 101 9.4 62,000
15 830525 8.0 6.7 102 5.9 62,000
16 830525 9.5 6.8 102 6.5 62,000
17 830526 8.6 7.2 103 11.3 64,000
18 830526 8.6 7.2 103 10.8 64,000
19 830526 9.1 6.8 108 6.2 64,000
20 830526 8.8 7.1 103 10.1 64,000
mean:~6.9 98 8.5
range:6.5-10.8 6.7-7.2 93-108 5.9-11.3
1 Mean daily mainstem discharge at the USGS Susitna Station gaging station (USGS,provisional data).
1 !I 1 I !J J J J .~)t J !.1 J I -~
Figure 5-1.Instantaneous measurements of surface water temper-
ature and dissolved oxygen collected at sites at
which eulachon spawning habitat surveys were conduct-
ed on dates fi el d surveys were performed:~1ay 23-26,
1983.
I I
8
6
•
•••••••,...,r-...._......L-...................L-.........-.......:~..L~_~mean -••---
4
5 6 7 8 9 10 II 12 I~14 15 16 17 18 19 20
SAMPLING SITE NUMBER
•• • •••••1--.......-.-,-.-.-"':.:--.:---:.-.__.....""""':'.--lI..--.....-=-~mean ----
2
-Eu
"-oe 100
:.-
IJIIF,f:lI
I£Jo 80
Z
~
o 60:::>
Q
Zo 40(.)
o
IL.20 RANGE:93-104
o i:98
LLI?n 0 .......,_rs.:3.,.8_,...,...,..-r..,_,.....,..""T'..,._r--~-r-.,.....,-,....,.......
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 I J 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
SAMPLING SITE NUMBER
Figure 5-2.Instantaneous measurements of pH and specific
conductance collected at sites at which eulachon
spawning habitat surveys were conducted on dates
field surveys were performed:May 23-26,1983.
5-11
Table 5-3.Ranges,means (x),and standard deviations (s)of
instantaneo~s water depths arrd velocities at sites at which
spawning at habitat surveys were conducted on dates field
surveys were performed:May 23-26,1983.
F'"
Mainstem 1
r Discharge Depth Velocity
I Site Date (cfs)Range RangeIxs X s-
~1 830523 66,000 0.5-2.3 1.3 0.6 0.8-2.5 1.6 0.5
I 2 830525 62,000 0.8-3.8 2.5 0.9 0.1-1.1 0.7 0.3
3 830524 64,000 1.1-4.0 2.3 1.0 0.1-1.9 1.0 0.5
4 830524 64,000 0.7-3.9 2.3 1.1 0.8-2.0 1.4 0.5
"...,5 830524 64,000 0.6-3.8 2.2 1.1 0.2-2.0 1.2 0.6
6 830524 64,000 0.8-3.4 2.1 0.9 0.2-2.1 1.2 0.6
7 830524 64,000 1.1-3.8 2.6 0.8 0.8-2.2 1.4 0.3
8 830524 64,000 0.4-3.6 1.7 0.9 0.0-2-3 1.2 0.7
9 830524 64,000 0.6-2.9 1.5 0.7 0.4-2.3 1.4 0.6
10 830524 64,000 0.5-4.5 1.8 1.0 0.5-2.6 1.3 0.8
11 830525 62,000 0.7-2.9 1.7 0.6 0.6-1.5 1.1 0.2
12 830525 62,000 0.3-1.9 1.0 0.4 0.1-3.5 1.6 1.0
12 830525 62,000 0.6-3.9 2~3 1.1 0.1-2.9 2.0 0.8
14 830525 62,000 0.5-2.7 1.6 0.7 0.6-3.2 2.1 0.9
15 830525 62,000 0.6-4.4 2.1 1.2 0.0-2.5 1.7 0.6
16 830525 62,000 1.1-4.1 2.7 1.1 0.4-1.7 1.1 0.4
17 830526 64,000 0.5-2.8 1.5 0.6 0.1-2.7 1.5 0.7
18 830526 64,000 1.3-4.0 2.6 0.9 0.1-2.3 0.8 0.6
19 830526 64,000 0.6-3.0 1.7 0.8 0.4-2.6 1.4 0.6
20 830526 64,000 0.5-3.9 2.3 1.2 0.4-3.4 2.4 0.9
Overall range:0.3-4.5 1.0-2.7 0.0-3.4 0.7-2.4
1 Mean daily mainstem discharge at the USGS Susitna Station gaging
station (USGS,provisional data).
.OO"-IJ~""
.......---x
Ii:
Ia.I
a
0::
Ia.I
ti~
5
4
3
2 I J !II f 1111 11 I !I
o 'i ii'ii'i , ,i , ,i j., ,iii
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 II 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
SAMPLING SITE NUMBER
(Jl
I
I--'
W
5
2
4
3o~!J 1 !f f !I !I ~II !I !II !i
.....u•~
£
~
(3
9
Ia.I>
0::
~
3=
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 II 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
SAMPLING SITE NUMBER
Figure 5-3.Means and ranges of water depths and velocities at sites at which eulachon
spawning habitat surveys were conducted on dates field surveys were per-
formed:May 23-26,1983.
)•)J )I I 1 ]J •)~,J :1 I
....
r
~'I
i
.....
RU
SI-SII.T
SA-SAND
GR-GRAVEI.
RU-RU8BI.E
"....Figure 5-4.Compositions of substrates at sites at which
eulachon spawning habitat surveys were conducted
on dates field surveys were performed:May 23-
26,1983.
5-14
'l15 1150 _15]......Temperature
:::Ic ----Discha rge'e
+-........CPUE ....,
CD -Uc...t.............en u 1&1...
CD 0 0::~10 0100 ~10,
0 0 ic(a.-1&1 III 0::
:::l '
1&1 1&1
a-~(!)a-
0:::IEua.c:(1&1-J:I-0
U'I ...5 ~75 0::,CDf--oI ..a -1&1
U'I E 0 I-
:::I c:(
C •I::
0
CD
:::E 0 ......50.....0
10 15 20 25 30 5 10 15
lotl ,MAY "I"JUNE "I
1983
Figure 5-5.Provisional mainstem discharge of the Susitna River (USGS provisional data)at
Susitna Station and daily mean surface water temperature of the Susitna River
at RM 4.5 compared at catch per unit effort for the gill net set at RM 5.0:(see
Report #1 of thi s report se'ri es)~1ay ll-June 14,1983.
J J I J I I )J .J I ]I J J ]1 )
r
r
r
Frequency distributions of measured instantaneo~s wat~r depths and velocities
were constructed to determine water depths and velocities most often utilized
for spawning.Frequency distributions of instantaneous water depths measured
at sites at which spawning habitat surveys were conducted during 1983 are
compared to those developed from 1982 data (ADF&G 1983b)(Figures 5-6a and
5-6b).The 1982 and 1983 data were pooled to form a composite data base for
the two year study period (Figure 5-6c).Frequency distributions of
instantaneous water velocities measured at sites at which spawning habitat
surveys were conducted during 1983 are compared to those developed from 1982
data (ADF&G 1983b)(Figure 5-7a and 5-7b).The 1982 and 1983 data were also
poo 1ed to form a compos i te data base for the two years tudy peri od (Fi gure
5-7c).
Mean water depths measured at surveyed spawning sites during 1983 ranged from
1.1 to 2.7 feet with the range of depths at all survey sites varying from 0.3
to 4.5 feet over a range of mainstem discharges from 62,000 to 64,000 cfs as
measured at the USGS Susitna Station monitoring station.These values
compare with values obtained during the 1982 study of 1.1 to 3.1 feet and 0.3
to 4.3 feet,respectively (AOF&G 1983b)over a range of mainstem discharges
from 65,000 to 110,000 cfs as measured at the USGS Susitna Station monitoring
station.
The mean water velocity measured at surveyed spawni ng si tes duri ng 1983
ranged from 0.7 to 2.4 feet/second with the range of velocities varying at
all survey sites from 0.0 to 3.4 feet/second over a range of mainstem
discharges from 62,000 to 64,000 cfs as measured at the USGS Susitna Station
monitoring station.These values compare with values obtained during the
5-16
I I -
30
A
>-(,)z
W
=:l 20o
Wa:u...
~
Z
W 10
(,)
a:
W
~
1982 DATA
n ~339
Mainstem DIscharge Range:
65,000 -110,000 cIs -.
I.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.01.0
o +"'""''''"f'''"''''''-4~~""",~..;;...o;'''''''~'''''''~:...;....:~:...;....::...;....:;;;;;;=:;...-''''P''
0.0 0.5
WATER DEPTH (ft)
30
20
B
>-
(,)
Z
W
=:lo
Wa:u..
~
ffi 10
(,)
a:
W
~
2.0 2..5 3.0
1983 DATA
n =465
Mainslem Discharge Range:
62,000 -64,000 cIs
'i
WATER DEPTH (ftl
c
30
>-(,)
Z
W
=:l 20o
Wa:u..
~z
W 10
(,)
a:
W
~
1982 a 1983 DATA
n =604
Mainstem Discharge Range:
62,000-110,000 cIs -
3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.01.5 2.0 2.51.0
0~:":::"::+~~:":::"::~:4.i::.4'o""'~:":::'::4""~~~ZZ:;"~
0.0 0.5
WATER DEPTH (nl
Figure 5-6.Frequency distributions of instantaneous water depths measured at
sites at which eulachon spawning habitat surveys were conducted
during 1982{A)and 1983(B).These data have been combined to form
a frequency distribution for the 1982 and 1983 data bases (C).
5-17 -
o ........'4''''''''''''l'''''''''~''''''''...("JJ,''''''''~''"''li~''''''''~liiiIiOlI ..
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2..5 3.0 3.5 4.0
WATER VELOCITY(ftlsec)
....
i"""I
I
A
B
30
20
10
~
(J
Z
lIJ~20o
lIJcz:
I&-
~
Z
lIJ 10
(Jcz:
lIJ
Q.
1982 DATA
n •339
Mainstem Discharge Range,
65,000 -110,100 cfs
1.0 1.5 2.0 ~3.0 3.5 4.0
WATER VElOCITY(ft/sec)
1983 DATA
n-465
Mainstem Discharge Range,
62,000 -65,000 cfs
1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0
c 30
1982 a 1983 DATA
n -804
Mainstem Discharge Range,
62,000 -110,000 cfs
o ~"'"""'"""""~"~Io"""""~"""~~~""""""l;;.....__
0.0 0.5 1.0
WATER VEL.OCITY(ft/sec}
Figure 5-7.Frequency distributions of instantaneous water
velocities measured at sites at which eulachon
spawning habitat surveys were conducted during
1982(A)and 1983(8).These data were combined
to form a frequency distribution for the 1982
and 1983 data bases (C).
I I
1982 study of 0.6 to 1.9 feet/second and 0.0 to 3.2 feet/second~respectively
(ADF&G 1983)over a range of mainstem discharges from 65,000 to 110,000 cfs
as measured at the USGS Susitna Station monitoring station.
A representative sub-sample of the eulachon spawning sites surveyed in 1983
were chosen for further study (Table 5-4)to determine whether hydraul ic
conditions similar to those that were present at the time of eulachon
spawning might also exist under different mainstem flow conditions.At each
site within the representative subsample,streambank/streambed profiles were
surveyed along two study transects from the streambank into the river.These
partial cross sectional profiles are presented in Appendix Figures 5-A-21
through 5-A-25.Water surface elevations were also surveyed on each transect
when spawning occurred and at four different mainstem discharge levels during
subsequent visits.These data are provided as an insert on each respective
appendix figure.Point measurements of depths and velocities occurring at
these sites were also obtained at the time of eulachon spawning and during
the subsequent visits.Frequency distributions of the depths and velocities
measured at each site during the time of spawning as compared with the ranges
and means of a representative sampl e of instantaneous water depths and
velocities obtained at the sites during subsequent sampling are shown in
Appendix Figures 5-A-6 through 5-A-30.Comparisons of the ranges and means
of measured depths and velocities at these study sites for four mainstem
discharges to the range of depths and velocities most commonly utilized by
spawni ng eul achon are presented in Fi gures 5-8 through 5-12.Results of
these compari sons i ndi cate that the depths of flow and mean water column
velocities measured at the five representative spawning locations for
mainstem discharges between 36,000 and 105,000 cfs (as recorded at Susitna
5-19
~,
~,
-
~,
Station)generally fall within the range of depths and velocities most"
r-commonly utilized by spawning eulachon (refer to Figures 5-6 and 5-7).
Table 5-4.Eulachon spawning study sites selected for further study.
Site River Mile Geographic Code
2 12.8 S1SN07W12BCB
6 16.2 S16N07W26BDB
10 23.0 S17N07W33DBB
13 23.1 S17N07W33BCD
20 36.5 S18N06W1SBBA
I I
1983 TRANSECT DATA
-
-
105,000
80,000
60,100
36,600
IUINSTElII
DISCHARGE
A
B
C
D
SYMeOL DATE
830601
830615
830907
831007
1----11 RANGE
•MEAN
f=tiii:~::!::3!""'::Ii""'ii!ii:!=i:iiiil ~~lI1z~~M~AON~~
o 12:3
VELOCITY (FT/SEC)
~,
~,
54
B
-----lA
2 :3
DEPTH (FT )
o
Figure 5-8.Comparison of the ranges and means of measured
depths and velocities at the eulachon spawning
study site at R~12.8 (Site No.2)to the range
of depths and velocities most commonly utilized
for eulachon spawning.
5-21
....
,....
1983 TRANSECT DATA
MAIHSTE:W
DISCHARGE:
105,000
80,000
60,100
36,600
DATE:
830601
830615
830907
831007
1-----l1 RAN GE
•MEAN
~:~.:,~::~;.;~.~::~;:::]~:;::I ~~ltTZ~~M~AON~Li
SYMeOL
A
B
C
o.....
P"
I
I
r
I
.11
I
o 12:3
VELOCITY (FT/SEC)
4
r
J .L-~A
Figure 5-9.Comparison of the ranges and means of measured
depths and velocities at the eulachon spawning
study site at RM 16.2 (Site No.6)to the range
of depths and velocities most commonly utilized
for eulachon spawning.
5-22
I I
1983 TRANSECT QATA
,105,000
80,000
60,100
36,600
lolA I NS,EM
DIS CHARGE
A
B
C
o
SYMBOL DATE
830601
830615
830907
831007
1----11 RANGE
•MEAN
1~:~::::~:]jI~::::\::~\::::~:""-":~:j:j:1 ~~II1z~~M~~N~~
~
I
o 123
.VELOCITY (FT/SEC)
4
....
I
~I
54
c
B
-----I A
2 :3
DEPTH (FT)
o
Figure 5-10.Comparison of the ranges and means of measured
depths and velocities at the eulachon spawning
study site at RM 23.0 (Site No.10)to the range
of depths and velocities most commonly utilized
for eulachon spawning.
5-23
-1983 TRANSECT DATA
IoIAINSTEW
DISCHARGE
105,000
80,000
60,100
36,600
A
B
C
o
SYM80L.DATE
830601
830615
830907
831007
~-i RANGE
•MEAN
1-:@!i~:"""1Ji'!i[-!!ijii:i:=!ii!!!i!I ~~I~.1Z~~M~~NNGLi
o I 2 3
VELOCITY (FT ISEC)
4
r
I
J
o
-------4 A
--....s
c
234
DEPTH (FT/SEC)
5
Figure 5-11.Comparison of the ranges and means of measured
depths and velocities at the eulachon spawning
study site at RM 23.1 (Site No.13)to the range
of depths and velocities most commonly utilized
for eulachon spawning.
1983 TRANSECT DATA
105,000
80,000
60,100
36,600
MAINSTEM
DISCHARGE
A
8
C
o
SYMBOL DATE
830601
830615
830907
831007
fo--""'I RANGE
.•MEAN
I""mm.=t~:""m}""tm-J}MOST COMMONLY
,);·;.;.x.;.;.;.;.;.;.;.J UTILIZED RANGE
o
-----I A
---18
-----IC
t-----1D
I 2 :3
VELOCITY (FT/SEC)
4
~,
-.
54
c
------1 A
2 :3
DEPTH (FT)
o
Figure 5-12.Comparison of the ranges and means of measured
depths and velocities at the eulachon spawning
study site at RM 36.5 (Site No.20)to the range
of depths and velocities most commonly utilized
for eulachon spawning.
-.
5-25
r
!
4.0 DISCUSSION
Based on 1982 (ADF&G 1983a)and 1983 (Barrett,Thompson,Wick 1984)
catch data at gillnet sets in the tidally influenced zone of the Susitna
River at RM 4.5,eulachon begin their upstream spawning migration during
early to mi d-May.The earl i est captures of eul achon duri ng 1982 and
1983 occurred on May 16 and May 11,respectively.Because both these
dates correspond to the first day sampling was initiated each year,the
actual dates of the beginning of the spawning migration actually precede
these dates.Earlier sampling both years was precluded due to river ice
conditions.
The 1982 and 1983 catch data also show that two runs of eulachon use the
Susitna River for spawning.During both years,more fish were
.....
......
associated with the second run than the first run.During 1982,the
first run occurred from approximately May 16 to May 30 with the second
run occurring from June 1 to June 8.This compares with 1983 data which
show the two runs occurring earlier,with the first run lasting from
approximately May 10 to May 18 and the second from May 19 to June"6.
The reason for the di fferences in the timi ng of the runs between 1982
and 1983 may be linked to the surface water temperature of the mainstem
Susitna River.During 1983,the surface water temperature of the
mainstem warmed faster than it did during 1982.However,there appears
to be no definite correlation between the timing of the eulachon
spawning runs entering the Susitna River with either mainstem discharge
or surface water temperature.
During 1983,eulachon were observed from the mouth of the Susitna River
(RM 0)to RM 50.3 in the east channel.This compares to 1982
observations which identified RM 49.5 as the upstream limit of migration
(ADF&G 1983a).
Eulachon utilized shoreline margins of the mainstem Susitna River and
its associated side channels for passage and spawning during both 1982
and 1983.As in 1982,however,eulachon did not utilize the clear water
tri buta ri es upstream of thei r confl uence zones for either passage of
spawning.The reasons for this are presently unknown,however,
differences in turbidity and temperature may be partially responsible.
It appears that eulachon key on water velocity for upstream orientation
during their spawning migration run.During both 1982 and 1983,
eulachon were seldom observed in areas of low water velocity (less than
0~3 feet/second)or backwater.The majority of the upstream migration
occurred along the banks of the river where water velocities generally
exceeded 0.3 feet/second.
Eulachon .have been reported to spawn over coarse sand and pea-sized
gravel in water up to 7.6 feet deep (Morrow 1980).As a result of our
1982 and 1983 studies we conclude that eulachon spawn over a broad range
of hydraul ic and substrate conditi ons throughout the mai nstem Susitna
River and its associated side channels below RM 45.0.Bar and riffle
habitats along the margins of the river were most commonly utilized.No
spawning was observed in clear water tributaries or sloughs.Substrates
used for spawning during 1982 and 1983 ranged from 100%silt to
5-27
-.
~,
gravel/rubble with substrates most commonly used for spawning ranging
from silt to silty sand intermixed with gravel and rubble.Water
temperatures at spawning sites surveyed during -1982 and 1983 ranged from
6.2 to 11.2°C with means of -8.5°C and 8.3°C,respectively.These water
temperatures are somewhat higher than preferred spawning temperatures of
4.7 to 7.8°C previously reported by Morrow (1980).Frequency
.....
-
.....
.....
di stri buti ons (Fi gure 5-6)of water depths measured at 40 surveyed
spawning sites in the lower Susitna River during 1982 and 1983 indicate
that depths ranging from 0.5 to 3.0 feet are most commonly utilized for
spawning.Frequency distributions (Figure 5-7)of water velocities
measured at 40 surveyed spawning sites in the lower Susitna River during
•
1982 and 1983 indicate that water velocities ranging from 0.5 to 2.5
feet/second are most commonly utilized for spawning.
Comparisons between the range of depths and velocities that occur at
known spawning areas over a wide range of mainstem discharges to the
range of depths and velocities that occurred at these sites at the time
of spawning (Appendix Figures 5-A-26 through 5-A-70)and to the range of
depths and velocities most commonly utilized for eulachon spawning in
the lower Susitna River (Figures 5-8 through 5-12)indicate that
variations in mainstem discharge have relatively little effect on the
availability of acceptable depths and velocities at eulachon spawning
sites.This is likely attributable to both specific spawning habits of
eulachon and stream channel geometry of the lower Susitna River.
Eulachon have most commonly been observed spawning along the shoreline
margins of the lower mainstem Susitna River over silt to silty-sand
______5-28
s.ubstrates intermixed with gravels and rubbles where depths are most
commonly between 0.5 and 3.0 feet and velocities most commonly range
from 0.5 to 2.5 feet per second.Field·observations of 40 spawning
sites and analysis of data collected at five intensively sampled sites
indicate that acceptable substrates and hydraulic conditions persist
along these shoreline margins for mainstem discharges between 35,000 and
105,000 cfs ..That is,although the depth of flow and velocity at
discrete points within spawning areas change in response to variations
in mainstem discharge,streambank geometry is sufficiently uniform and
stable to allow the zone of acceptable depths and velocities to migrate
in and out along the shoreline in response to mainstem discharge.
Although results of this study have indicated that variations in
mainstem discharge between 35,000 and 105,000 cfs have little effect on
the availability of suitable spawning areas,other factors such as water
temperature and shoreline stability should also be considered when
making interpretations or applications of our results.
5-29
-
-
.",
-
~,
.-
5.0 CONTRIBUTORS
PROJECT LEADER
Aquatic Habitat and Instream Flow
Project Leader
PRIMARY AUTHORS
REPORT COORDINATORS
EDITORS
DATA PROCESSING
DATA COLLECTION
DRAFTING
TYPING
Christopher Estes
Douglas Vincent-Lang
Isaac Queral
Christopher Estes
Douglas Vincent-Lang
Andrew Hoffmann
Camille Stephens
Christopher Estes
Douglas Vincent-Lang
Allen Bingham
Camille Stephens
Douglas Vincent-Lang
Isaac Queral
Christopher Estes
Sa 11y Donovan
Vicki Cunningham
Mary Gressett
6.0 'ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Funding for this study was provided by the State of Alaska,Alaska Power
Authority.Assistance with study design and editorial review of text
was provided by E.W.Trihey &Associates.
5-31
'"""
'"'"
.....
7.0 LITERATURE CITED
Alaska Department of Fish and Game (ADF&G).1982.Aquatic Studies
Procedures Manual..Phase II Final Draft.Alaska Department of
Fi sh and Game/Susi tna Hydro Aquati c Studi es Program.Anchorage,
Al aska.
1983a.Adult·anadromous fish studies,1982.Volume 2 of Phase
II Final Report.Alaska Department of Fish and Game/Susitna Hydro
Aquatic Studies Program.Anchorage,Alaska.
1983b.Aquatic habitat and instream flow studies,1982.Volume
4 of Phase II Basic Data Report.Alaska Department of Fish and
Game/Susitna Hydro Aquatic Studies Program.Anchorage,Alaska.
Barrett,8.M.,F.M.Thompson,and S.N.Wick,1984.Adult Anadromous
Fish Investigations;May-October,1983.Alaska Department of Fish
and GamejSusitna Hydro Aquatic Studies Program.Anchorage,Alaska.
Lee,D.S.,C.R.Gilbert,C.H.Hocutt,R.E.Jenkins,D.E.McAllister,and
J.R.Stauffer,Jr.1980.Atlas of North American freshwater
fishes.Publication #1980-12.North Carolina State Museum of
Natural History.854 pp .
Morrow,J.E.1980.The freshwater fishes of Alaska.Alaska Northwest
Publishing Co.,Anchorage,Alaska.248 pp.
.!"""
-
8.0 APPENDIX A
.t.~'''':':.~~'.:..";..::'."::::"}":\:..
~.......(.
oo
It)
-..
.',
:,:.'.
,'..
1.3 g.!J..:~:
1.7 2.2 06 ;:.
2.3 1.2
2.6 2.2
It:~I
~.'
~1.9 1.3 0.6 ~,!
"
,.
It:I.~1.3 1.0 ~,,',
,
2.1 1.3 0.1 ··~1.8 1.3 1.0 .'
~".:......-;.
"2.1 1.3 0.8 ,'!'.
tI);~
::::>U~-:T 1:4 t
".
tI)LOG ",',..~.."
.~
1
2.2 1.4 0.1 ".
'ri:i'i:1T:T I.,
~~,.
'"'I:..
'.
,0 1.2 o.~·2.0 T.i 0.8 ,.
j
2.1
APPROX.300ft 2.0 1.6
•TO WEST BANK
2.2
2.1
G Water Quality
Measurement Site*Depth (ft)/Mean Water
Column Velocity(ft/sec)
SITE NO.I
Figure 5-A-1.Eulachon spawning area (Site No.1)on the Susitnq
River at RM 21.0 (GC S16N07W09DDS):May 23,1983.
'"""
5-A-1
\
SITE NO.2
OTBM-AOF8G
F""'
(Nail in log)
2.6 3.3 3.3*
cE3BUSh with flagging
0.5 0.6 0.6 6:BM-AOF8G
~l
@ (Nail in tree)
G Water Quality
G M eaaureme nt Site
o'
'.*Depth (ftl/Mean Water
=~.Co I umn Velocity (ft/sec)
O{:n:
slLT ,.
~.
"ro'
r@ ~
1.6 1.7 2.9 3.1 3.6
r ..O.!S 0:6 'Q.9 TO 0.9 TRANSECT
",
(0').:.
~'
":r,
.:
'"".
"~-".
..'-,.1.6 2.6 3.2 2.8"Q::VEGETATION :.---':.0.7 0.7 0.9 0.9 ~
~
~-':....-Q::
0
0 ~N
~....
CI)
::)
~
~
2.1 2.8 3.3
SILT 1.0 o:i 1.1
"~.~
:~
'.'
~i
",
"~
1.2 1.9 3.1 3.6
(0'}C~'~--""~i--,,+,~:......:0~.~5~0£.s....:.,~.0~0~.9~_T~R=A.:.;N:.;;S:.:;E;":;C:.:T...;2;",,.,.
Figure 5-A-2.Eulachon spawning area (Site No.2)on the Susitna
River at R~12.8 (GC S15N07W12BCB):May 24,1983.
5-A-2
.,
~-----SUSITNA RIVER ...
EJ Water Quality
Measurement Site
*Depth (ft)/Mean Water
Column Velocity (ftlsee)
SITE NO.3
/'1'·'"I )
<...../OLD CAR
f 3.6*3.9 4.0 3.2 2.7
IT IT T.O n T:9
4:1.3 2.4 2.7 2.2 1.9
0 0.4 0.9 TI f.2 T.4N
I I.1 G 1.1 1.4 1.4 1.2
U1 I -- -
I 1.0 0.2 0.6 1.1 I.I:x:-
l
W
'\~;.:,...I~.~"'.!)-"
•"1,...~.'\"~...'
200ft .-,
Figure 5-A-3.Eulachon spawning area (Site No.3)on the Susitna River at RM 13.8 (Ge S15N07W02DAC):
May 24,1983.
I )1 ,i 1 J ),I .1 )J J I )I ~1
1 1 1 -I 1 J I 1 )1 1 j 1 1
SUSlrNA RIVER -
SITE NO.4
EJ Water Qua Iity
Measurement Site
*Oepth(ft)/Mean Water
Column Velocity(ft/sec)
VEGETATION
•
200 ft .1
VEGETATION
~300 ft
!
SiLT AND GRAVEL BAR
~
l~
T
15ft
3.9*3.31:4 2.0 3.6
2.5 2.2 1.9 3.3 3.1
T9 1:9 II I.9 T:3
.L..,g El 0.9 1.6 2.3 U
0.8 1.0 0.9 1.1 1.5
,,.,.,.,.."".",.,.,'.-",y'""','",.'-'.,">'k,,.'>.,•.':.<.;"~"_'_..•"M'-.-h~...~:~
....."~....-•.,·f··::::....
U1
I;p
I.po
Figure 5-A-4.Eulachon spawning area (Site No.4)on the Susitna River at R~15.0
(GC SI6N07W35CDA):May 24.19B3.
_I
~,
0.6
0.3
1.4
1.1
2.3
1.9
3.8
2.0
,··~•.·,:.;..;j.':,..:..j~..F·:.'····;·:~
0.6
0.2
1.3
0.7
2.2
1.5
3.2
1.5
BAR
3.4
T.4
300 ft
2.5
0.6
2.6
T5
3.6
T:5
I.3 *'
1.1
2.4
1.5
3.7
1.7
,',:1
",',";:
'......'..'....
.~;t·
I:'I':;"~...-----------
;...'
..-o
(\J
1
!
~.
~'i?~~0o
/
(Jl
I
):;>
I
(Jl
SUSITNA RIVER ...
SITE NO.5
EJ Water Quality
Measurement Site*Depth (ft)!Mean Water
Column Velocity (ftlsec)
..
Figure 5-A-5.Eulachon spawning area (Site No.5)on the Susitna River at RM 15.0
(GC S16N07W35BDA):May 24,1983.
J !I I J ]J J I I J ,~J .~]J
3.6 2.9 I .9 0.7*~:
T:i 1.1 0.7 CiS ',:
"i,
'.,.,..~
LOG
TRANSECT I
II 2.6 20 1.3 0.8 ',;'
2.1 T:9 T:6 0.9 03~:
"
:::.,jof------30 ft -----1..,.",~
','-
-..
oo
N
3.2 2.1
1.8 US
1.6 1.4
0.8 0.5,.'
',:
.',
~:'
"
SILT VEGETATION
'.
r;LOG---
"
TRANSECT 2
3.4
US
";,
"3.2 2.4 1.1 0.8 '.;
l.e 2.3 0.9 0.2 .'
G
-
~
1.9
2.5 1.9
1.8 I.Ei
,..
:~
",
;.:...\....'.
:~
1.0 ..o:g u~
"
"
SITE NO.6
(E)Bush with f I a g9 ing
,BM-AOF a G
@ (Tree with nail)
r":"l Water Quality
W Measurement Site*Depth (ft)/Mean Water
Column Velocity (ft/sec)
Figure 5-A-6.Eulachon spawning area (Site No.6)on the Susitna
River at RM 16.2 (GC S16N07W26BDB):May 24~1983.
'.
'.
ItOG
",..
"
",
.'....
".:.
,~..
..'
~:
I'"20ft---+',:,
:,'
<.'
f·
":.;
.':'
"~*2.6
.1
2.8 1.7 ""
2.2 r:3 1.1 ;~150ft
Q:LOG
I.u c:J .""~
.~.
~".:.
"....'.'
"Q::3.8 2.8 2.5
"!",
:t'
1.6 T.9 f2 ..~
~:.
~,
~,,'',',;
"-"....,;,
CI),...;~-~3.6 2.7 2.1 1.8 ,0','0CI)TI "
1.5 1.5 0.8 '~:'I N
:.:.j
::.:
';:....
~'"
!!2.7 2.1 1.8 t.
1.9 1.8 1.1 1.2 ~
','."
.;:
~'.,.
'..
"
3.8 2.9 .L!.!.:.!}....
1.8 1.7 1.5 1.2 ;;:..
:1 SITE NO,7:~
-~;
G Water Qual ity{?Measurement Site:-:.
~~';*Depth (tt)1 Mean Water.~
"Column Velocity(ft/sec)'..
",
Figure 5-A-7.Eulachon spawning area (Site No.7)on the Susitna
River at RM 18.1 (GC SI6N07WI5CCB):May 24,1983.
5-A-7
-
-
SILT
'r VEGETATlctol
,,'
:':
,.
',-.".,.
""
':~,"",
".:.
:'
":
.''.
~~
l.l.,I ".'
~:f
.......'t-
Q:.'.~;'
~./.:
~,.;Z
:."0
~:'.:-:.:.........~c(
Ct),...
~;::11.I
(,!)
Ct).,11.I','>.'
'..
Depth (ft)/Mean Water*Column Velocity (ftlsec)
G Water Qua I ity
Measurement Site
SITE NO.8
...•
','
.~.
:.0.7 L7 2.8 •
,::0:0 0.9 .2.2
:~
,,'
,:l:0.4 1.2 2.5.:t_
.0.9 1.6 1.6
""",",~..'
";:"~1.2 1.9
,0.1 1.6 2.3;...
;~
~~1.1 2.1 3.6
..?0.1 1.1 1.5
','
:~~--20ft --".1
',:'
".'.
..
".':"...'
.~:
-'-oo
N
;':
SILT
""";..'
VEGETATION .'
,.~
~~~
~,....------APPROX.150 ft ------_~~:':
"""",
',''.'.:.:
\~,
.....
Figure 5-A-8.'Eulachon spawning area (Site No.8)on the Susitna
River at RM 19.5 (GC S16N07~1l6AAA):~~ay 24,1983 .
5-A-8
,-,'.
:':.:
'••lo
"
",.:.:;-.:
~'10'............_-U S.L::
~:
"~*~;cilci ~tci ~I~:H~:il~
"
-
0,
i:
"~h
.....
~-,-c::
-Q)ge
of:
...:::l
Q)Ul_0
Oll)
~::E
8
.....
"?I1l'J -,"'"11)10/0 ....:0":~C!/~./N
-(\l N tIi eli
""';''~00l
o 0 01..~/1t)""'1.O_f,',v-_/Oc...........4""""
.....tV ....."
'".',
::.'
,~:
0'.'..:~f...
o ,~ro'~'
rr)~
:~:
:\
:::'
i:'
,..,;.-;.
",',
"~~i
::~
~~
Figure 5-A-9.Eulachon spawning area (Site No.9)on the
Susitna River at RM 21.5 (GC S16N07W04DBB):
r1ay 24,1983.
5..A-9
.....
VEGETATION
'*1.0 1.2 1.2 1.8 3.1------0.4 1.1 0.8 1.3 I.S
",..
..
:~
(b :~0.6 1.1 1.7 1.5 2.8 3.5r~l::.lt-__~··HO,~8~0.~6..:.1~.O~0.~7...!.1~.6.....!.:.1.9~...:T.:.:R~A~N~S~E~CT.:......::..2
(O')~~.~
~..
t t 1.2 1.0 1.1 2.4 2.2o'.--o I:!.0.4 0.7 Oi T.6 I.9
C\oI ;;.
~~~G
\~~
SITE NO.\0
£V Bush with FlaggingoTemporaryBM-ADF a G
•(Tree with flagging)
@ BM-ADF8:G
•(Tree with na il )
8 Water Qua I ity
.Measurement Site*Depth (ft)/Mean Water
Column Velocity (ftlsec)
1.2 1.1 1.9 3.6-'1.3'1.5 1.7 2.6
w----30 ft _I
:~0.5 2!~L!~4.5
..~0.5 0.6 1.1 1.6 2.1 2:'i TRANSECT
'..~
~:.'..
,~
VEGETATION
-
Figure 5-A-IO.Eulachon spawning area (Site No.10)on the
Susitna River at RM 23.0 (GC S17N07W33DBB):
May 24,1983.
2.:3*2,0 1.6 1.4 1,2
1.1 1.2 1.0 I.1 0,6
,.,'.::.
;(,
;-
.;
~.:.,"."::,:
Q::2.2 2.0 1.9 1.5 1.0
.,
',~
l.&J -~1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 0.8
~.~~
:'-;.:
Q::.:~SILT
G "",BAR::
~..'.,..~.
~-.~'.
""".;:-"-;:i -~2.5 2.1 1.7 1.1 0.7 =\0
~,"0
0,8 i:T 1.1 ro-0.8 ,"r<'!'.tI):.~
~.
:!.
.?)..:,,.
\...'.::
50ft ',;
:~:.
::l",.',;
-:.
......
",
2.7 2.3 II 1.3 2:!.•.•
:":
1.3 1.4 1.2 1.2 0.9 ":.'.
..,
":_
,'!
SITE NO.I I
:',,"~:
G W oter Quality
:!
Site '~~Measurement ~~
Depth (ft)/Meon Water '.*Column Velocity (ft/sec);:,
~~:,
2.9 2.4 1.8 1.3 0.8 ~~~--:..
1.5 1.3 1.5 1.2 0.8 ~"j.
l.~
0;,.
~
Figure 5-A-ll.Eulachon spawning area (Site No.11)on the
Susitna River at RM20.5 (GC S16N07W08DCA):
May 25,1983.
5-A-ll
-
-
"........
\
":~
0:.:
~..
SITE NO.12
8 Water Quality
Measurement Site'*Depth (ft)/Mean Water
Column Velocity (ft/sec)
Figure 5-A-12.Eulachon spawning area (Site No.12)on the
Susitna River at RM 22.8 (GC S17N07W32DDA):
May 25,1983.
5-A-12
U'1
I
)::0
I
I-'
W
.....sus/rNA R/VER /-
l-NUwI-U>uzw
«en
0:::z
l-e:(
0:::
T
3.9i'3.3 I-
2.7 2.9 3.0 3.4 3.5 3.9
3.1 3.2 Ui 2.5 2.3 2.7 3.7
2.6
2.6 2.3 H 3.0 3.1 U 3.1 ..n 2.6 2.5 3.0 ...
2.0 2.4 2.6 2.2 ~
2.3 2.6 3.4 2.6
1.8 2.2 1.8 2.01.1 U 2.0 2.6 1.5 2.5 2.i 2.0
T;4 2.0 2.4
0.9 0.8 0.6 0.7 0.8 EI 0.7 0.7 0.6
0.6 0.1 ~0.9 ~~M 1.:4
..,..'~.','ri-....~••••••;....:.".,:••~::"';'\".!",;~...:....''",",.;'1 :'":'..:.:';~:.:':.:........':.,,",.;I.~.".",'~:\:'.:.':".",:r.1"~......:::.....~..\~;:.~..•.•t:\....;:.•:,)to '"".:,,"':,".......",,.,.:":"••,",.-.,.....~.:'•••,~.~...!;::-lJ ....:.=:::-.:~:.·:·:-·····!l··~·i'·:·7·:··......-.,'....
m SILT [97<'--'-.no·)4->tco')I..120 f t ..,
SITE NO.13
(1)Shrub with flaooinooTBM-ADF8G
•(Nail in 100)
@ BM-ADF8G (Tree with noll)
EJ Water Quality
Measurement Site*Depth Cit)I Mean Wale r
Column Velocity Cft/Slc)
Figure 5-A-13.Eulachon spawning area (Site No.13)on the Susitna River at RM 23.1 (GC SI7N07W33BCD):
May 25,1983.
1 1 J J ).J J I i )I _1 J I !J J I
.....
-
:\·f;.
"~
""..~:...
2.'·TO HEAD OF VEGETATION ~~0,6 0.8 1.2 2.8--ON ISLAND-..:1.1 1.4 2.4 2.8 2.6
:1
~:.\
",.',
"~:
0'
"
";"
'!.
':..0.5 0.9 1.2 1.6 2.2 2.5"~---.~~1.0 1.2 2.1 2.8 2.9 3.2
'.:
I
"G:r
';"
'~'~'-"~':::=..:.",
oj -0.6 1.0 1.6 1.9 2,2 2.7 Q::-.'.--- ---",-t.,0.7 1.4 2.1 2.5 3.2 3.2 'o:::t0~:~
0 ::~N '::..-..tI)50 ft -I.":::;).,fI')
'.".
';:.$
.:.
",',,.0.8 1.2 1.6 1.7 2.1 2.4-,--.~:'0.7 1.3 1.7 2.7 2.8 3.2
"'.~.
:'::.
t":.
~::;.
";',.....
~..
"',.
','0.8 1.2 1.6 1.8 2.3 2.5
.~"~.0.6 1.1 n-2.4 IT '2.9
~,
'"SITE NO.14.:.I::
'~(]Water Qual ity.',-Measurement Site
;":Depth (ft)I Mean Water);:*.~.Column Velocity(ft/sec):~~
Figure 5-A-14.Eulachon spawning area (Site No.14)on the
Susitna River at RM 24.9 (GC S17N07W278BD):
May 25,1983.
.5~A-14
-
.'
."'.~0.7 2.1 3.3 4.4..
~,0.9 1.7 2.2 2.1
Z:·
"
;-
','
"
••~:J
"
"
,;0.9 2.2 3.8 3.3-
,',1.4 1.8 2.1 2..2
"srEEP :,:-I
BANK I&!
>,.-
ct ':"a:
t!).~
0
:.~
..~-z
ct '.
",~I&!.~':
SILT -I l:0.6 2.2 2.6 2.7 ~
a:J ..;::-.......
a:J 1.1 1.7 1.7 1.9 l:t:
;:),-0
a:",0 "'l:,;:;~
"......,"~l -"15ft .......
':~CJ)
;,'~
;"CJ)..::
c:
,,'
~~Q&.!.&~2.8
,"
"1.6 1.8 2.1 1.7,.
'.~I~
"c::J
"""
0,9 2.5
0.9 2.5 ~
SITE NO.15
c::J Water Qua I ity
Measurement Site
Depth (ttl/Mean Water
*Column Velocity (ftlsee)
Figure 5-A-15.Eulachon spawning area (Site No.15)on the
Susitna River at R~~26.2 (GC S17N07H22ADA):
r1ay 25,1983.
5-A-15
-
-
..,..
;':
"
SILT
*4,1 3,4
1.6 1.2
','
;:S I LT
~:
3.0 ~.!.:!~~
1.2 1.0 0.4.:.:
.;
",",,.
",
','-,;;
3.3 2.4 .l.:.!.!.&--U 0.6\.1 1.4 ..
,',
"
3~~~7~\.4
\'
SITE NO,16
G Water Quality
Measurement Site
*Depth (ff)/Mean Water
Column Velocity(ft/sec)
~~
VEGETATION
--oo
Figure 5-A-16.Eulachon spawning area (Site No.16)on the
Susitna River at R~26.5 (GC S17N07W23BDD):
May 25,1983 .
......S'---A-16
-
-
-
\
\
BAR
..~:-:
".:",
'::
.;
::
.'
,'.:..
Depth (ft}/Mean Water*Column Velocity (ft/sec)
SITE NO.17
G Water Quality
Measurement Site
,.
:>
~,
"TO YENTNA ~,:..'
RIVER -.::
Figure 5-A-17.Eulachon spawning area (Site No.17)on the
Susitna River at RM 28.0 (GC S17N07W13BAD):
r·1ay 26,1983.
5-A-17
.'t.;
':..-
'"
..~:::-·"":""r·'·:••-:.,..,~•.._~.::;:':.~...."..;
SILT
2.8
T:3
Water Qua I itymMeasurementSite
Depth (ft)/Mean Water*Column Velocity (ftlsec)
SITE NO.18
'.VEGETATION..:~LOGS a DEBRIS.-3.5 2.5 1.8 ;:
':
0.7 2.9 0.9
~...
"~:1;
r·
..i
'"':~
','.-~~
3.9 2.5 1.5 -:
'"--.:.'~0.5 0.1 0.1 '';:,
"
::J:
~
Q::
'"'
20 ft ".
(.
I.l..I :-
~::::..~..SILT.....;.
Q::i:
"'t 4.0 2.9 1.3 ::-
0.3 ~~-~0.3 0.1 -:.0.......0.'tt),.N CLIFF
~"':
CI):
4·:
G ~-..
..
"-:.-3.6 2.6 1.8
1.4 0.8 .0:9 ,.
,',..
~
Figure 5-A-18.Eulachon spawning area (Site No.18)on the
Susitna River at RM 30.1 (GC SI7N06W08CBD):
May 26,1983.
-
-
H ~2.5 3.0*
1.2 1.6 2.0 2.I
,..----50ft ------'1..-11
SITE NO.19
G Water Qualify
Measurement Site
'*Depth (ff)/Mean Water
Column Velocity(ft/sec)
~;
1.3 I.e 2.4 2.9
1.3 1.6 1.2 2,6
G Q:
:~~
:1.......Q::r.."•~0 ~~0
(II ,~0.6 0.9 1.5 2.0 2.6 ........~
~0.4 0.9 1.4 1.5 1.9 tI)
'\~,
"tt)'.":..f.-'.,•
,',
~.-"0.6 1.0 1.5 2.2 2.9"
.'0.5 0.9 1.2 1.5 1.9
'\.
"~
~;
~
1.0 1.3 1.4 2.1 2.3
0,8 1.1 1.7 2.2 2.2
,Ai".?,lI
Figure 5-A-19.Eulachon spawning area (Site Mo.19)on the
Susitna River at RM 31.4 (GC S18N06W33ABD):
~1ay 26,1983.~l
5-A 19 '"""
I 5ft ----!.~I
3.2 3.9
3.1 3.4 TRAN SECT I
0.5 1.9 3.2 3.6
1.1 2.2 2.6 3.1
,-::,'.
0.7 1.9 2.9 3.7
.,0.4 2:T n 3:l"TRANSECT 2
_0.7 2.3 3.3'3.8"
~~1.8 1.9 2.2 2.6
,'.
:~
:..
~:1-+---,
.'.
".
.":..",
'.
~0.6 2.1,"~:'0.7 22
::
;
::
"'.'
".
"
",,:
-;:
..~:-"0 .'0 .
N ""'..~.~
1&1 ;.....
lD ",lD ".:::l ',"
II:'.f......,"
"....",..
1&1 ">"
C
II:
C)
,
"...~
::)
LOG WITH NAIL
AND FL.AGGING
51 LT
SITE NO.20
Q)Shrub with FlaggingoTBM-ADF8G
(Nail in 109)
BM-ADFaG
@ (Nail in tree)
c:J Water Quality
Measurement Site*Depth (ft)I Mean Water
Column Velocity(ft/sec)
.:
,
-.','Q6 1.8 2.5 2.9 3.2
l;1,2 3.0 3.2 3.2 3.4•
Figure 5-A-20.Eulachon spawning area (Site No.20)on the
Susitna River at RM 36.5 (GC S18N06W1588A):
May 26,1983.
5-A-20
~_~_~'-_~_--_~~_~~~~~~~~_~~_~
TRANSECT 2
~Discharge
90.14 66,000
95.63 105,000
92.13 80,000
88.82 60,100
81.02 36,600
66,000
105,000
80,000
60.100
36,600
/TRANSECT
90.77
95.62
92.16
88.80
86.98
.TRANSECT I
WSEL !-)jschargeDate
830524
830601
83061fi
830907
831007
-.;:
",
..............................
/.....-.....---~
TRAN SECT 2 '\\
\
\
"-,,
.....
.........
.....,,,,,",,
",
'-----........
"
98.0
86.0
96.0
88.0
100.0
....94.0--c:
U1
0
I
....
»>
0 92.0
I
>
N
(\)
I--'-
W
90.0
84 0 •, , , , ,, ,.,,I I •
o 10 20 30 40 50 60 10 80 90 100 110
Oi sta nee from Head pi n (f 1)
Figure 5-A-21.Streambank/streambed profiles obtained at two transects at the eulachon spawning
study site located at RM 23.6 (Site No.10).Water surface elevations (W~EL)ob-
tained on each transect at the time of measurement and during subsequent visits
along with corresponding mainstem discharges at Susitna Station (provisional
USGS data)are presented in the insert table.
I J J J !!J J J ~D J I ~,I D I
~~J J ~l -1 ~I J )
TRANSECT 2
WSEL Discharge
90.82 62,000
96.25 105,000
92.83 80,000
89.93 60,100
88.36 36,600
TRANSECT I
WSEL Discharge
90.82'62,000
96.26 105,000
92.81 80,000
89.91 60,100
88.42 36,600
Dote
83052D
830601
830615
830907
831007
~
\
\2~'~
...................
""...
TRANSECT
,
\
\
\,
\
\
\
,--e.....,a.--'........,,
"......._-
88.0
98.0
96.0
100.0
94.0-U1 ..-
I
):>
CI
0N
N -92.0c
>
Q)-W
90.0
86 0 'iii ,,i ,.,••I •
o 5 10 ID 20 25 30 3D 40 45 50 IUS
Figure 5-A-22.
Distance from Headpin (ft)
Streambank/streambed profiles obtained at two transects at the eulachon spawning
study site located at R~23.1 (Site No.13).Water surface elevations (WSEL)ob-
tained on each transect at the time of measurement and during subsequent visits
along with corresponding mainstem discharges at Susitna Station (provisional
USGS data)are presented in the insert table.
100.0
98.0 --....--
TRANSECT :/__~TRANSECT
..........
TRANSECT I
WSEL Discharge
92.81 64,000
95.49 105,000
93·81 80,000
93.16 66,200
91.79 36,600
TRANSECT 2
WSEL Discharge
92.74 64,000
95.46 105,000
93.78 80,000
93·10 66,200
91 .72 36,600
~,,
"-
""-,
--\,,
"-,,
".....
"-"-
'-
20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Distance from Head pin (tf)
Figure 5-A-23.Streambankjstreambed profiles obtained at two transects at the eulachon spawning
study site located at RM 36.5 (Site No.20).Water surface elevations (WSEL)
obtained on each transect at the time of measurement and during subsequent visits
along with corresponding mainstem discharge at Susitna Station (provisional
(USGS data)are presented in the insert table.
~_I I )~J !1 ;I )).~~I I J
j '1 J I l 1 j B-1 I 1 )1 ---]
TRANSECT 2
WSEL Discharge
94.00 64,000
91.36 105.000
94.98 80,000
92.30 60,100
90.93 36.600
TRANSECT I
WSEL Discharge
94.02 64.000
91.40 105.000
95.00 80,000
92.36 60,100
90.95 36,600
Date
830524
830601
830615
830901
831001
TRANSECT I~92.0
""-"'-...................
~"/TRANSECT 2
.......--......
"'--.-.....
"'-..........................
",
90.0',iii '.. . . .. .,, ,, ,
100.0
102.0
~
98.0
+-....-c::
0-96.0+-0>Q)-W
94.0
o 10 20 30 40 50 60 10 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 160
Distance from Head pi n (f t)
Figure 5-A-24.Streambank/streambed profiles obtained at two transects at the eulachon spawning
study site located at RM 12.8 (Site No.2).Water surface elevations (WSEL)ob-
tained on each transect at the time of measurement andduring subsequent visits
along with corresponding mainstem discharges at Susitna Station (provisional USGS
data)are presented in the insert table.
Discharge
64.000
105.000
80,000
60,\00
36,600
TRANSECT 2
WSEL
91.47
95.58
92.15
89.41
81.47
TRANSECT I
Discharge
64.000
105.000
80.000
60,100
36.600
WSEL--
91.50
95.58
92.74
89.41
87.52
Dote
830524
830601
830615
830901
8·31001
TRANSECT 1/
,,,,,
'-,
"e---_
'---,
------...._--......-,TRANSECT 2",/''\.,
',,-
.....,
'""",
'-...........~
94.0
88.0
90.0
96.0
92.0
98.0
100.0
...--c:
0...
01 0I>):>CDI-N UJ01
86.0 , , , , , , , , , , ,i
o 10 20 30 40 !So 60 70 80 90 100 110
Distance from Headpin (tf)
Figure 5-A-25.Streambank/streambed profiles obtained at two transects at the eulachon spawning
study site located at R~16.2 (Site No.6).Water surface elevations (WSEL)ob-
tained on each transect at the time of measurement and during subsequent visits
along with corresponding mainstem discharges at Susitna Station (provisional
USGS data)are presented in the insert table.
~J 1 J I I 1 I J ~]J J ,.~J .J
----,I .~J --,]1 J --1
TRANSECT DATA
MAINSTEM
DATE DISCHARGE
830524 64,000
830601 105,000
830615 80,000
830907 60,'00
83'007 36,000
I I RANGE
•MEAN
SYMBOL
A
B
C
o
E
E
D
C
B
I •II •t
I •II•I
E
D
C
B
I •t
I.I
I •t
t •I
40 80
A A
01
I
:P
I
n.22
10
)-
0
Z
III
:::J
0 20
III
0:
It-
at
10
o ,r(((l'((<r{< (til ((('I C (< (1(((<r < < ('I i I
0.0 0.11 1.0 1.11 2.0 2.11 1.0 I.'4.0 4.11 11.0
n;;22
60
)-
0
Z
III
:::J
0
III 40
0:
It-
~
20
o F«{i««f(((~iii i i
0.0 0.11 1.0 LlI 2.0 2.11 1.0 l.lI 4.0
WATER DEPTH ('lit)WATER VELOCITY (ft/uc)
Figure 5-A-26.Frequency distributions of instantaneous water depths (A)and velocities (B)
obtained at the time of eulachon spawning at the eulachon spawning study site
at RM 12.8 (Site No.2).Ranges and means of instantaneous water depths and
velocities measured along study transects during subsequent visits are also
shown.
TRANSECT DATA
MAINSTEM
SYMBOL DATE DISCHARGE
A 830524 64,000
B 830601 105,000
C 830615 80,000
0 830907 60,100·
E 831007 36,600
I 1 RANGE•MEAN
E
D
C
B
I •II • I
I • I
I •I
E
D
C
B
I i
~
I •II • I
o r I',,,'I',{,,f' ,,(1(,,,'I'',,(r (,,,I'(,,1 i i
·0.0 O.D 1.0 I.IS 2.0 2.S S.O S.S 4.0 4.1S IS.O
o r I , , , , ' , , ,'I'(,,'r {,l ,r'l 1 ,1 iii
0.0 0.11 1.0 I.IS 2.0 2.11 S.O S.S 4.0
n=22
40
80·
A
~
Z
1&1
:Ja
1&1a:
lL
~20
.,.
n"22so
A
>-U 20
Z
1&1
:Ja
1&1a:
lL
~10
01
I
:l:>
I
N.......,
WATER DEPTH (fe.t)WATER VELOCITY (ft/ne)
Figure 5-A-27.Frequency distributions of instantaneous water depths (A)and velocities (B)obtained
at the time of eulachon spawning at the eulachon spawning at the eulachon spawning
study site at R~16.2 (Site No.6).Ranges and means of instantaneous water depths
and velocities measured along study transects during subsequent visits are also
shown.
_J ~)I I ..1 -).J .~J ,J 1 I t I J t
1 1 1 1 1 -J i -1 I --]-]l
TRANSECT DATA
t'
MAIN STEM
DATE mSCHAhGE
830524 66,000
830601 105,000
830615 80,000
830907 66,100
831007 36,600
I I RANGE
•MEAN
SYMBOL
A
B
C
o
E
n ..27
I • I
I.I
I •I
I • I
o fUlq1LlIf11LLVUUfUUf1L1I1 i i
00 0.11 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.11 3.0 3.11 4.0
WATER VELOCITY(ft/llc)
80
A
E
D
C
B
60
)-
0
Z
lLJ
~
0
lLJ 40a:
Ii-
~0
20
..-27
I •I
I • I
I •I
I •I
O-f----1I///1fLLL~LIL/~II/I~////1fllllrlllll FIIIII
0.0 0.11 1.0 '.11 2.0 2.1I 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.11 11.0
WATER DEPTH (flit)
E
D
C
B
40
A
30
)-
0
Z
I&l
;:)
0 20
I&la:.....
~
10
(Jl
I
".
I
Nex..
Figure 5-A-28 ..Frequency distributions of instantaneou~water depths (A)and velocities (B)
obtained at the time of eulachon spawning at the eulachon spawning study
site at RM 23.0 (Site No.10).Ranges and means of instantaneous water
depths and velocities measured along study transects during subsequent visits
are also shown.
TRANSECT DATA
t,lAINSTEM
DATE D~CHARGE
830525 62,000
630601 105,000
830615 60,000
630907 60,100
631007 36,600
I I RANGE
•MEAN
SYMBOL
A
8
C
o
E
E
D
C
B
I • I
I • I
I •I
I •I
E
D
C
B
I • I
I • II•I
I'I
WATER VELOCITY (ttllle)
o f/((('F((1'1/('{/I,/I(/f '/((fF'({'1 i I
0.0 0.11 1.0 l.1I 2.0 2.!I 3.0 3.!I 4.0
n"33
A
60
)-
U 40
Z
1&1
;:)
o
l&.l
0::
II..
if.20
o r f/«(/f/((/f/({((I'{/{/I f"IIIF"lll
0.0 0.11 1.0 1.11 2.0 2.11 3.0 3.11 4.0
WATER DEPTH (feen
30
A
)-
U 20
Z
l&.l
;:)
o
1&1
0::
II..
:II!10
D
()1,
):>
I
N
U)
Figure 5-A-29.Frequency distributons of instantaneous water depths (A)and velocities (B)
obtained at the time of eulachon spawning at the eulachon spawning study
site at RM 23.1 (Site No.13).Ranges and means of instantaneous water
depths and velocities measured along study transects during subsequent
visits are also shown.
J ...~·5 I I ~_~)1 J 1 ~J J
-1 )1 ]1 1 i J J ,-J I
TRANSECT DATA
MAIN STEM
SYMBOL DATE DISCHARGE
A 830526 64,000
B 830601 105,000
C 830615 80,000
o 830906 66,200
E 831007 36,600
I ,RANGE
•MEAN
E
o
C
B
I •I
I •I
I •II•I
E
o
C
B
.,
I • I
I •I
I •I
I •I
30.
A
n=21
A
eo h=21
0'I,c"fl 1'(11'CC'/f"tI 1//"1({«(1 i
0.0 0.11 1.0 1.11 2.0 2.11 3.0 3.11 4.0 4.11 ':0 1.11 2.0 2.11 3.0 3:5 4.0
U1
I ~~);:.U 20 U 40IZZW
0 IaJ IaJ
;:);:)
0 0
IaJ IaJ
0::0::
I&.I&.
10 20~....
WATER DEPTH Uut)WATER VELOCITY (fl/lle)
Figure 5-A-30.Frequency distributions of instantaneous water depths (A)and velocities (8)
obtained at the time of eulachon spawninqat the eulachon spawning study site
at RM 36.5 (Site No.20).Ranges and means of instantaneous water depths and
velocities measured along study transects during subsequent visits are also
shown.
II