HomeMy WebLinkAboutAPA2131982 Annual Report on
Alaska/s Mineral Resources
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75
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no.884
.,SURVEY CIRCULAR 884
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Contributors /0 the report:
David Carnes,Bureau of Mines
Fred Chiei,Department of Energy
John Cook,National Park Service Ala"'1.-~He ouree!
Kendell Dickinson,U.S.Geological Stt.'1'5fan & •m t n Srrvtces
Fred Harnisch,Forest Service .
O d r ·$kaonHenrickson,Bureau 0 Land Management
Joseph Jones,Minerals Management Service
Robert McMullin,U.S.Geological Survey
Thomas Miller,U.S.Geological Survey
John Mulligan.Bureau of Mines
Katherine Reed.U.S.Geological Survey (compiler)
Wayne Roberts,Department of Energy
Keith Schreiner,U.S.Fish and Wildlife Service
Richard Stenmark,National Park Service
Gary Stricker.U.S.Geological Survey
Gary Winkler,U.S.Geological Survey
Donovan Yingst,Bureau of Land Management
1982 Annual Report on
Alaska's Mineral Resources
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY CIRCULAR 884
Prepared in cooperation with the
Bureau of Mines, the Bureau of Land
Management, the National Park Service,
the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the
Minerals Management Service, the
Department of Agriculture-Forest
Service, and the Department of Energy
As mandated by Section 107 7 of the
Alaska National Interest Lands
Conservation Act, Public Law 96-487,
of December 2, 1980
United States Department of the Interior
JAMES G. WATT, Secretary
Geological Survey
Dallas L. Peck, Director
Free on application to Distribution Branch, Text Products Section,
U. S. Geological Survey, 604 South Pickett Street, Alexandria, VA 22304
CONTENTS
Executive summary --------L----------------------
Oil and gas -----L-------------------------------
Uranium ------------------L-um--------um-----um-
Coal and peat
Geothermal resources
Nonfuel minerals ...............................
Critical and strategic minerals -----------------L--
Introduction ,------------------L-------------------
Department of the Interior .......................
U.S. Geological Survey -----------,---------
Bureau of Mines -----------------------L----
Bureau of Land Management ---------I------
Minerals Management Service ---------------
National Park Service -----------L------L---
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Department of Agriculture
Forest Service
Department of Energy ..........................
Contacts for further information -----------------
Oil and gas .........................................
Activity by Federal agencies in 1980 and 1981 --------
State of Alaska lease sales ----------,------------
Industry activity in 1980 and 1981 -----------------
Alaska Natural Gas Transportation System ---------
References cited ---------+-------L-------------
Uranium -------------------L---------------------
Activity by Federal agencies in 1980 and 1981 -------
Industry activity in 1980 and 1981 --------,------
Reference cited ----------,-----L-------------
Coal and peat ......................................
Activity by Federal agencies in 1980 and 1981 --------
Cooperative State-Federal studies of peat resources --
Industry activity of 1980 and 1981 -----------------
References cited ................................
Geothermal resources --------------------L---------
Activity by Federal agencies in 1980 and 1981
State studies, 1980 and 1981 ......................
Major events of 1980 and 1981 ------L------------
References cited ................................
Nonfuel minerals ...................................
Activity by Federal agencies in 1980 and 1981
Industry activity in 1980 and 1981 --L-------L------
References cited ............................. .--
Critical and strategic minerals ---------------A --------
Activity by Federal agencies in 1980 and 198 1 --------
Industry activity in 1980 and 1981 -----------------
References cited
Selected references - Feder J publications
U.S. Qeological Survey, 1980 -------L-------------
U.S. Geological Survey, 1981 -------------------
Bureau of Mines, 1980 ...........................
Bureau of Mines, 1981 -,---------------L--------L
National Park Service, 1980 --------------+-------
National Park Service, 1981 ......................
Bureau of Land Management, 1980 and 1981 --------
Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, 1980 and
1981 ........................................
Department of Energy, 1980 and 198 1
Miscellaneous Government publications, 1980 and
1981
Selected non-Federal sources of information -----L--
FIGURES 1-12. Maps showing:
1. Distribution of National Interest Lands and conservation units established by the Alaska National In-
terest Lands Conservation Act of 1980 ------------L------A------L-----------------------L---
2. Areas tentatively scheduled for analysis prior to uplands oil and gas lcasing by the Bureau of Land
Management ............................................................................
3. Operating oil fields, areas of industrial activity, favorable petroleum geological provinces, oil and gas
provinces, and pipeline routes -,----------------------------------A------L------------
4. Locations of wells drilled by industry and the Federal Government in 1980 and 1981 ---------_---------
5. Areas of current interest and industry activity for uranium resources ----------,-------------L-------
6. Quadrangles for which National Uranium Resource Evaluation reports were released in 1980 and 1981 ----
7. Locations of coal and peat deposits of current interest and areas of industrial activity -------------------
8. Arcas of geothermal resources and development activity ------------------------es-es---eses----es+es---
9. Sites of important industrial activity for nonfuel, critical, and strategic minerals in 1980 and 1981 ---------
10. Status of Level 111 Alaska Mineral Resource Assessment Program (AMRAP) studies. January 1,1982 -----
11. Quadrangles for which the U.S. Geological Survey has published compilations of mineral occurrence
information -----------------------------------------L-----------------------L-----------
FIGURES I-12.-Continued. Maps showing:
12A. Locations of areas studied in 1980 and 1981 by the U.S. Geological Survey and Bureau of Mines for non-
fuel, critical, and strategic mineral resources .....................................................
12B. Locations of areas studied in 1980 and 1981 by the Bureau of Mines for nonfuel, critical, and strategic
mineral resources ............................................................................
13. Sample listing from the Minerals Availability System of the Bureau of Mines -----------I-------- - ----dm-
14. Bureau of Mines computer-plotted map showing mineral locations (except sand and gravel) in Alaska
from information in the Minerals Availability System data bank .......................................
Page
TABLES
TABLE 1. Bureau of Land Management 1982 analysis schedule for opening for onshore mineral leasing -------------------d--
2. National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska exploration test wells, 1980-81 ------------------------------------2----
3. Successful onshore industry exploration test wells, 1980-81 ---------------------------L----7------2----------
4. Unsuccessful onshore industry exploration test wells, 1980-81 ................................................
5. Comparison of selected characteristics of coal samples from Alaska and the Powder River region of Wyoming -------
6. Abbreviated titles or brief descriptions of projects whose study areas are shown in figures 12-4 and 128 -------------
1982 Annual Report on Alaska's Mineral Resources,
As Mandated by Section 101 1 of the Alaska National
Interest Lands Conservation Act, Public Law 96-487,
of December 2,1980
Prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Bureau of Mines, the Bureau of
Land Management, the National Park Service, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the Minerals
Management Service, the Department of Agriculture-Forest Service, and the Department of
Energy
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Section 101 1 of the Alaska National Interest Lands
Conservation Act (ANILCA) of 1980 requires that
"On or before October 1, 1982, and annually
thereafter, the President shall transmit to the Con-
gress all pertinent public information relating to
minerals in Alaska gathered by the United States
Geological Survey, Bureau of Mines, and any other
Federal agency." This report has been prepared in
response to that requirement.
The U.S. Geological Survey and the Bureau of
Mines are the principal Federal agencies that publish
information about mineral resources in Alaska.
Their information is commonly used by other
Federal agencies to make decisions about access, land
use, environmental impacts, or claim evaluations.
The greater part of the information used in this
report therefore has come from the Geological
Survey and the Bureau of Mines. Because of the time
required for sample analysis and data synthesis and
because of the publication process, reports are
generally issued a year or more after the sample and
data collection. Thus, this report provided informa-
tion chiefly about projects current in 1980 and 1981.
In addition to Federal and State publications, trade
and professional journals, symposia proceedings,
public meetings and hearings, press releases, and
newspaper and magazine articles have been sources
of the information presented.
The report addresses only onshore areas of Alaska
and provides information on minerals of current in-
terest in two broad categories: energy resources and
nonfuel, critical, and strategic minerals.
OIL AND GAS
The Cook Inlet area and the Arctic North Slope
were the primary areas of oil and gas exploration,
development, and production activities in 1980 and
1981. At the end of 198 1, oil production from Alaska
was approximately 1.68 million barrels per day or
about 19.5 percent of the total production of the
United States. About 1.6 million barrels per day were
produced from the North Slope, and about 9,000
barrels per day from onshore fields in the Cook Inlet
area. The U.S. Geological Survey estimates that ap-
proximately 87 percent of the Alaskan onshore un-
discovered recoverable oil and gas resources are in
the North Slope, particularly in the producing prov-
inces, and 9 percent are in the Cook Inlet area.
Development continued at the Kuparuk River field
just west of the Prudhoe Bay field, where production
began at an initial rate of 50,000 barrels per day in
December 1981. In 1986, when development is com-
plete, the Kuparuk field may rank second in daily
production for the United States, surpassed only by
Prudhoe Bay. Permits have been secured for a
waterflooding project at the Prudhoe Bay field to in-
crease oil recovery there by 5 to 9 percent.
Sponsors of the Alaska Natural Gas Transporta-
tion System continued efforts to finance construction
of a pipeline to provide an outlet for the Prudhoe URANIUM
gas reserves' In mid-December 1981, Interest in uranium exploration has declined President Reagan signed into a law a waiver package recently because of decreasing prices and weakening designed to liberalize the rules for financing and con- demand projections. Only one lode uranium deposit struetins the gas pipeline; however, the project has in Alaska, at Bokan Mountain in been delayed now for 2 additional years. Alaska, has produced commercial quantities of ore.
Most industry oil and gas exploration and develop-
ment drilling took place on State leases along the
Beaufort Sea coast between the National Petroleum
Reserve in Alaska (NPRA) and the Arctic National
Wildlife Refuge (ANWR). Two industry wells were
drilled on Native lands in the southern part of the
North Slope. Three delineation wells and four ex-
ploration wells were drilled in the Cook Inlet area.
Only three other onshore exploration wells were
drilled, all on Native lands.
The Department of the Interior's 198 1 appropria-
tion act called for competitive leasing of oil and gas
on NPRA to private industry. In 1980 and 1981, the
Geological Survey drilled 16 wells in NPRA, but at
the end of 1981 it closed out its exploration program.
The Bureau of Land Management and the Geological
Survey's Conservation Division (now part of the
Minerals Management Service) selected 1.5 million
acres for the first lease sale, scheduled for December
1981 but held January 27, 1982. The sale brought in
more than $61 million in high bids for 29 of the 59
tracts offered.
Federal agencies were active in oil and gas pro-
grams in three areas, as required by ANILCA. (1)
The Bureau of Land Management and the Geological
Survey initiated a study of oil and gas resources,
wilderness characteristics, and the wildlife resources
in the area between NPRA and ANWR, north of 68"
north latitude. (2) The Bureau of Land Management
has started a systematic analysis of land south of 68"
latitude for mineral leasing, including oil and gas.
Plans are to accept applications for the Minchumina
area in central Alaska in early 1982. In support of
this program, the Minerals Management Service
classified three areas as "favorable petroleum
geologic provinces," for which competitive leasing is
required. (3) The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and
the Geological Survey began to prepare an en-
vironmental impact statement fox geological and
geophysical exploration of the northwestern coastal
plain of the ANWR.
The State of Alaska held three oil and gas lease
sales in 1980 and 1981, and five such sales are
planned for 1982.
However, subcommercial deposits have been found
in several sedimentary formations in central, south-
central, and southeastern Alaska. The Geological
Survey is examining uranium anomalies northwest of
Eagle and near Cordova. Federal studies also show
that favorable host rocks occur on the North Slope
but that there is little indication of uranium enrich-
ment.
Uraniferous igneous rocks near Mount Prindle
east of Fairbanks appear to have more potential as a
source of rare earth and thorium minerals than of
uranium. Uranium-rich granites on the west flank of
the Alaska Range and evidence of uranium
remobilization there combine as a favorable in-
dicator of possible uranuim deposits. Uranium-rich
igneous rocks also have been found on the Seward
Peninsula, in the Medfra quadrangle of interior
Alaska, and in southeastern Alaska where studies are
still in progress.
The Department of Energy has nearly completed
its National Uranium Resource Evaluation studies.
In 1980 and 1981 it released more than 100 reports on
spectrometer and magnetometer surveys and
hydrogeochemical and other studies in Alaska.
Industry activity recently has been largely
reconnaissance-level work, claim assessment, or
geologic work in conjunction with Native corpora-
tions.
COAL AND PEAT
The 10 or more large coal fields in Alaska repre-
sent a very large coal resource that is virtually un-
tapped. One coal mine is in operation, the Usibclli
mine at Healy, south of Fairbanks adjacent to the
Alaska Railroad. Three of the largest fields contain
subbituminous to bituminous coal. Moisture, ash,
and sulfur contents and heating values of these coals
are comparable ta those of Wyoming's Powder River
coals.
The coal of greatest current interest for future
development is in fields northwest of Cook Inlet.
Coal-bearing rocks underlie about 3,400 square miles
there. Much of this coal has little overburden and is
amenable to surface mining. Placer-Amex and Cook
Inlet Region, Inc,, propose to mine 8.5 million tons
of coal per year, to be converted to 54,000 barrels per
day of methanol at a tidewater plant. The Diamond
Shamrock Company also is studying Cook Inlet coals
for a large operation that would furnish coal for ex-
port. The Geological Survey has been examing sur-
ficial materials in the area as a basis for coal facility
siting, transportation routes, and community plan-
ning.
The Sun Eel Shipping Company of South Korea
has agreed to buy from the Usibelli mine more than 7
million tons of coal over the next 10 years for ship-
ment to Korea.
Geological Survey and State of Alaska studies of
peat in surficial deposits near Willow north of An-
chorage indicate that the area contains more than 5
million tons of fuel-grade peat. The State plans to re-
quest bids for feasibility studies for the construction
of plants to produce fuels from the peat near Willow.
GEOTHERMAL RESOURCES
Alaska has major resources of geothermal energy.
Some of this potential is for large-scale projects, but
more appears suitable for local use. Studies of
geothermal resources are continuing at a low to
moderate level in several areas of the State.
The Geological Survey is completing studies of the
geothermal potential of recent volcanic areas on the
Alaska Peninsula and in the Wrangell Mountains.
The State of Alaska Division of Geological and
Geophysical Surveys has completed assessments of
the geothermal potential of selected hot springs in
southeastern Alaska, the Aleutian Islands, and the
Alaska Peninsula. A summary report about geother-
mal energy resources of Alaska prepared by the
Geophysical Institute of the University of Alaska was
published in 1980. The State of Alaska has ap-
propriated funds for preliminary geothermal
development, including drilling, on Makushin
Volcano on Uaalaska Island in the eastern Aleutians
panies are estimated to have increased from approx-
imately $40 million in 1976 to more than $100 million
in 198 1. The number of active mining claims also has
increased, and more than 43,000 new claims were
filed in 1981. Many known mineral deposits are being
reevaluated, and announcements of discovery of
several major deposits have been made recently.
The Red Dog deposit in the western Brooks Range
has been estimated to contain 85 million tons of
material averaging 17.1 percent zinc, 5.0 percent
lead, and 2.4 ounces per ton silver. Continuing
development work at the Quartz Hill molybdenum
deposit in southeastern Alaska has led to estimates of
2 billion pounds of molybdenum with a gross value
of over $18 billion (1981 prices). Development work
at the Greens Creek silver, lead, and zinc deposits on
Admiralty Island in southeastern Alaska has
delineated 3 million to 4 million tons of high-grade
material with an estimated in-place value of over
$800 million (1 98 1 prices). Several billion dollars
(1981 prices) worth bf copper with lead, zinc, and
silver have been proven by drilling in the western
Brooks Range district.
As part of the Alaska Mineral Resources Assess-
ment Program, the Geological Survey is studying
twelve 1:250,000-scale quadrangles in the Brooks
Range, the Seward Peninsula, the Alaska Range, the
Alaska Peninsula, and southeastern Alaska. Twenty-
two such assessments have been completed. A
Roadless Area Resource Elevation I1 Wilderness
mineral resource assessment by the Geological
Survey and the Bureau of Mines of more than 3
million acres of Chugach National Forest in south-
central Alaska is nearing completion. Similar studies
by these agencies have been completed on the West
Chichagof-Yakobi Wilderness in southeastern
Alaska and on the NPRA in northwestern Alaska.
The Bureau of Mines continues its land assessment
and minerals availability programs,
and for follow-up test drilling at Pilgrim Springs on
the Seward Peninsula, CRITICAL AND STRATEGIC MINERALS
NONFUEL MINERALS
Mining activities and industry exploration for
Alaska's nonfuel minerals have increased dramatical-
ly in the past several years, spurred by the resolution
of many land status questions, by the discovery of
major deposits of copper, molybdenum, zinc, and
lead, by large increases in the price of gold, and by
increased mineral research by Federal and State agen-
cies. Expenditures for exploration by mineral com-
The Geological Survey has begun a study of
chromium, cobalt, nickel, and platinum-group
metals associated with igneous ultramafic rocks in in-
terior Alaska, Detailed studies of mafic and
ultrarnafic rocks with associated nickel deposits in
Glacier Bay National Park and elsewhere in
southeastern Alaska have been completed by the
Survey. The Bureau of Mines has begun evaluating
many known occurrences of critical and strategic
minerals in southeastern and southwestern Alaska,
the Kenai Peninsula, central Alaska, the western and Mountain on the Kenai Peninsula, of nickel-cobalt-
eastern Brooks Range, and in interior Alaska. copper deposits on Yakobi and Chicagof Islands in
Industry activity has included the resumption of southeastern Alaska, and of copper, platinum, and
platinum mining at Goodnews Bay in southwest palladium deposits on Prince of Wales Island, also in
Alaska and exploration of chrornite deposits at Red southeastern Alaska.
1982 Annual Report on Alaska's Mineral Resources,
As Mandated by Section 1011 of the Alaska National
Interest Lands conservation Act, Public Law 96-487,
of December 2,1980
Prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Bureau of Mines, the Bureau of
Land Management, the National Park Service, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the Mlnerals
Management Service, the Department of Agriculture-Forest Service, and the Department of
Energy
INTRODUCTION talks at symposia or conferences or their proceedings
Section 101 1 of the Alaska National Interest Lands
Conservation Act (ANILCA) of 1980 requires that
"On or before October 1, 1982, and annually
thereafter, the President shall transmit to the Con-
gress all pertinent public information relating to
minerals in Alaska gathered by the United States
Geological Survey, Bureau of Mines, and any other
Federal agency." In response to this requirement, the
Geological Survey, which was delegated the respon-
sibility, has prepared this report.
This report considers only onshore Alaskan areas,
No information about Outer Continental Shelf or
maritime areas is given, although such information
may have been used in studies of mineral occur-
rences. In keeping with the mandate for "pertinent
public information," this report describes recently
released material about commodities, or mineral
groupings, rather than presenting a region-by-region
synopsis of mineral-related activity in Alaska.
The Geological Survey and the Bureau of Mines
are the primary Federal agencies generating informa-
tion about mineral resources in Alaska. Their infor-
mation is used by other Federal agencies as the basic
input for decisions about access, land use, en-
vironmental impacts, and, in some instances, claim
evaluation. he greater part of the information in
this report has come from studies, projects, or pro-
grams conducted by the Geological Survey and the
Bureau of Mines.
. -
volumes, press releases, newspaper and magazine ar-
ticles, or other public forums. The result of publica-
tion procedures in the Federal agencies that regularly
publish their findings is that interpretive information
usually appears in the literature a year or more after
sample and data collection and analysis. For this
reason, this report chiefly consists of material that
was made public in 1980 and 1981. A similar lag will
affect all Section 1011 annual reports for ANILCA.
Information about active projects and programs is
available on a more current basis and also is included
in the report.
The minerals discussed in this annual report are
those of current interest and fall into two broad
categories about which the report has been struc-
tured-namely, energy resources (oil and gas,
uranium, coal and peat, and geothermal resources)
and nonfuel, critical, and strategic minerals. Con-
struction materials, such as sand and gravel, are not
discussed here.
The following pages describe the roles of land
management agencies and other Federal agencies as
they relate to mineral information and activities. The
distribution of ANILCA conservation units managed
by Federal agencies is shown in figure 1.
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
The term "public information" as applied in this The U.S. Geological Survey was established to
report includes the published results of Federal proj- conduct systematic scientific investigations of the
ects and studies, either in government reports or in geologic structure and mineral resources of the Na-
professional or trade journals. Other sources include tion. The Geological Survey carries out its mission
FIGURE I.-Distribution of National Interest Lands and conservation units established by the Aiaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act of 1980. Boundaries and agency
management as of February 1982.
through topographic mapping, geologic, geochemi-
cal, and geophysical studies, stream measurements,
geohazards research, application of remote-sensing
techniques, and participating in multidisciplinary
and interdepartmental projects and studies, [The
Geological Survey's regulatory, leasing, and accoun-
ting functions were taken over by the Minerals
Management Service, established in January 1982.1
In recent years the Geological Survey's role in
assessing resources has increased, particularly in the
area of energy resources. Numerous field and
research projects gather information about domestic
petroleum, coal, uranium, and geothermal resources.
Further, national legislation requires that mineral
assessments be made of areas to be set aside as
Wilderness and areas to be addressed under
ANILCA. The Alaska Mineral Resource Assessment
Program (described in the nonfuel minerals section
of this report), for example, has as its goals a
systematic investigation of the State's minerals. The
products of such studies are used to help determine
our national mineral and energy endowment and to
analyze potential hazards and impacts. They also
help industry locate and develop mineral supplies and
assist in developing concepts, models, and techniques
to identify unusual mineral deposits. Geological
Survey publications are a common source of basic
data on mineral deposits of interest to industry.
The Geological Survey frequently cooperates with
Federal and State agencies in topical or regional
studies and is often the lead agency in preparing en-
vironmental impact statements for areas where
mineral activity is proposed.
BUREAU OF MINES
The national mission of the Bureau of Mines,
briefly stated, is to ensure continued viability of the
domestic minerals and materials industry and to
maintain a minerals base adequate to meet national
needs. In Alaska, the Bureau of Mines carries out the
mission in five program areas:
(1) Minerals availability-The Bureau of Mines
Minerals Availability Program provides a
modernized aid to mineral property evalua-
tion. It relies on two computerized data
bases, the Minerals Availability System and
the Minerals Industry Location System,
described further in the nonfuel minerals
section. The Bureau of Mines also develops
worldwide mineral availability curves by
evaluating selected domestic and foreign
properties.
(2) Land assessment -In recent years, the Bureau
of Mines's Alaska Field Operations Center
(AFOC) has concentrated on evaluating the
mineral potential of Federal lands to aid
Congress and executive agencies in land
management decisions.
(3) Mining research-Various Bureau of Mines re-
search centers work with the AFOC on prob-
lems unique to Alaska. Current work in-
cludes: metallurgical research to determine
recoverability of platinum-group and related
metals from Alaskan ores, identification of
nonsettleable solids in placer discharges,
underground placer mining methods, and
maintenance of a permafrost research center
at Fox, near Fairbanks, in cooperation with
the State and the Corps of Engineers.
(4) Critical and strategic minerals - Current em-
phasis is on cobalt, chromite, and the
platinum-group metals, but the program
also includes tin and tungsten and is expand-
ing. Mineral deposits are being investigated
on Federal land closed to mineral entry or on
lands open to entry if the deposits currently
are not considered economic.
(5) State minerals specialist-A mining engineer
acts as a liaison between the State, industry,
and Federal organizations to keep the
Bureau of Mines informed of current
developments and to provide data for the
annual Minerals Yearbook and national
publications.
BUREAU OF LAND MANAGEMENT
The Bureau of Land Management is responsible
for multiple-use management of the surface and sub-
surface of 23 million acres of NPRA, 4 million acres
of the Central Arctic Management Area, and approx-
imately 39 million acres of public lands south of
Alaska's North Slope (fig. l), as well as for minerals
on the Outer Continental Shelf. Additionally, the
Bureau of Land Management administers geother-
mal resources and leasable and locatable minerals on
other Federal lands, including acquired lands, and on
private lands where the Federal Government has re-
tained mineral rights.
The Bureau of Land Management's administrative
mineral responsibilities require close coordination
with other surface management agencies. Generally,
in the case of upland leases, the Bureau of Land
Management issues leases and integrates the leasing
with other land uses in cooperation with the surface
management agency. After a lease is issued, the new-
ly established Minerals Management Service (set up
in 1982) assumes jurisdiction of exploratory and
developmental activities in cooperation with the land
manager to assure surface protection. Table 1 and
figure 2 describe areas tentatively scheduled for
analysis to determine which lands not on the North
Slope should be opened to mineral leasing.
TABLE I. -Bureau of Land Management 1982 analysis schedule
for opening Jor onshore mineral leasing (schedule subject to
annual revision)
Year BIOCL name Estimated acreage Remarks
1982 ___ Dtnalil
Corridor' _______--
1983 ___ Sward Pcninsula __
Lime Hills __-_____
Fortymile
1984 --- Tanana
Lower Yukon _____
Noatak ---____----
5.007.000
3.400.000 South of 68"
8,594,wO
3,513.000
3.885,wO Sclmted by the State 2/82:
tentatively dropped from lease
schcdulc.
5.107.000
7,832.m
1.350,wO Parts of this unit selected by
royalties and rents of petroleum, coal, and certain
other mineral commodities such as potash. The
Minerals Management Service, established in 1982,
has taken over all the functions of the former Con-
servation Division of the Geological Survey and is
responsible to the Minerals Management Board.
The Minerals Management Service's regulations
and procedures are subject to frequent review and
appraisal to avoid or mitigate the consequences of
pollution incidents, surface damage, or other hazards
that may be associated with operations conducted
under leases and prospecting permits.
The Minerals Management Service prepares
background material for leases well in advance of the
lease sale date and in coordination with the Bureau of
Land Management, the Geological Survey, and other
Federal and State agencies. (Table 1 and fig. 2
describe onshore areas tentatively scheduled for
lease,) The Minerals Management Service also is in-
volved in the preparation of environmental impact
statements for proposed lease areas. Further, the
the State 2/82: tentatively
dropped from lease schtdule. Minerals Management Service refines resource
1985 ___ Kvichak -_-_______ 595,000 estimates for each area to be leased by using
Bertles 3,342.000 geological and geophysical information and iden-
SteesdWhite
Mountain _--____ 2,250,000 tifies hazards to exploration and production in these
areas. For each lease tract, it arrives at a value that is
I Denali and Corridor blocks are now king analyzed For possible opening to mincral as a basis for accepting or rejecting bids received
leasing. A Public Land Order opening the lands so determined will be issued by
September 30, 1982. during lease sales. The Minerals Management Service
then becomes responsible for collection of and ac-
~h~ principal activities of the Bureau of Land counting for the money due the Federal Government
M~~~~~~~~~ tht are related to Alaska's minerals from oil or gas produces and for rents and royalties.
and energy resources are (1) preparation for the
scheduling of Federal oil and gas leases in the upland
areas with the concurrence of the surface manage-
ment agency and (2) recordation of mining claims
and determinations of the validity of mining claims
for mineral patents. The Bureau of Land Manage-
ment rarely produces reports that pertain to the
evaluation of mineral and energy resources; the
technical information that goes into patent validity
determinations becomes public after the process has
been completed.
MINERALS MANAGEMENT SERVICE
The primary functions of the Minerals Manage-
ment Service are to examine and classify Federal
lands as to the mineral resources subject to leasing
and waterpower and water-storage values; to deter-
mine estimated petroleum values for onshore and
offshore competitive lease sales; to supervise explora-
tion and development of such leases on Federal and
Indian lands: and to maintain accounts and collect
NATIONAL PARK SERVICE
In managing the Federal park system, the National
Park Service is directed ". . . to conserve the scenery
and natural and historic objects and the wildlife . . .
and to provide for enjoyment of the same in such a
manner and by such means as will leave them unim-
paired for the enjoyment of future generations."'
Administrative policy is based on the principles of
maintenance of the natural resources and on the con-
cept that national interest dictates decisions affecting
private or public enterprise in the parks. The Na-
tional Park Service currently has jurisdiction over an
estimated 52 milllion acres of park lands in Alaska
(fig. 1).
National Park Service responsibility for mining
claims and mining on park lands in Alaska and
elsewhere is limited basically to mineral examinations
'From the aci establishing the National Park Service, approved August 25, 1916 (39
Stat 535).
and determinations of valid existing rights, en-
vironmental assessments of the natural and cultural
resources and potential impacts of mining on Federal
or other lands, protection of park resources through
mining plans developed under Federal regulations,
and approval of mining plans of operation. The
assessments and mining plans are available for public
review.
Except for validity determinations, the National
Park Service rarely collects or publishes basic data
about mineral deposits, commonly relying on infor-
mation gathered by claimants, the Geological
Survey, the Bureau of Mines, or State or private
sources. Validity determinations also involve the
Bureau of Land Management and the Office of Ap-
peals and Hearings. Results of mineral examinations
are made public when final decisions are made.
U.S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE
The national mission of the U,S. Fish and Wildlife
Service is to provide the Federal leadership to con-
serve, protect, and enhance fish and wildlife and
their habitats for the continuing benefit of people.
In Alaska, the Fish and Wildlife Service seeks to
accomplish this mission through a variety of pro-
grams that implement the provisions of the En-
dangered Species Act, Marine Mammals Protection
Act, Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act, River and
Harbors Act, the National Wildlife Refuge System
Administration Act, various migratory bird laws,
and other statutes. Direct activities under these laws
include administration of 76 million acres of Na-
tional Wildlife Refuges, fish and wildlife research,
law enforcement, and review and comment on permit
requests and environmental impact statements.
Under the provisions of ANILCA, 16 refuges (fig.
1) were created or enlarged to conserve fish and
wildlife populations and their habitats, as well as
other values, These refuges are closed to entry, loca-
tion, and patent under mining laws but are open to
entry under the mineral leasing laws.
While many traditional functions have been
deemed appropriate for these areas, other uses, in-
cluding oil and gas leasing, will be permitted when
such activities are compatible with the purposes for
which the refuges were established. The compatible
uses will be determined through the Comprehensive
Conservation Planning process currently under way
for these refuges. Except as required in the Conserva-
tion Plans and in the baseline study on the Arctic
Coastal Plain, the Fish and Wildlife Service does lit-
tle mineral assessment work.
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
FOREST SERVICE
The mission of the Forest Service, Department of
Agriculture, is to provide a continuing flow of
natural resource goods and services to help meet na-
tional needs and to contribute to meeting such needs
worldwide. To do this, it assesses and analyzes pres-
ent and anticipated needs, supplies, and uses for
resources in public and private forests and rangeland;
makes these resources fully productive; encourages
and assists private landowners through State
organizations to improve, protect, and use forest
resources; develops and distributes information
about technology; and directs programs of resource
conservation. The Forest Service encourages
management of its lands for multiple use to provide a -
sustained flow of renewable resources. The Forest
Service is developing management plans for both of
Alaska's National Forests, Tongass and Chugach,
which together encompass about 23 million acres
(fig. 1).
The Forest Service also administers nonrenewable
resources to help meet the Nation's need for mineral
and energy resources by accommodating exploration
and development on Federal lands under its jurisdic-
tion, consistent with other values of the lands. It pro-
vides research information and technology to help
with postmining reclamation and promotes energy-
efficient activities on Forest Service lands. Forest
Service geologists also check the validity of claims in
trespass cases, patent requests, and claims planned
for development in withdrawn areas of the national
forest system. The Forest Service's validity evalua-
tions of claims to mineral resources on lands pro-
posed for withdrawal normally is done by examining
the history of claims and compiling information that
has been gathered primarily by the Bureau of Land
Management, the Bureau of Mines, and the U.S.
Geological Survey and by reviewing the patent ac-
tions. The results of the evaluations are published in
the Federal Register.
DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY
The functions of the Department of Energy are
primarily in the areas of administering the current
petroleum acts and Congressional mandates relating
to energy, monitoring grants, and overseeing con-
tracts for studies of geothermal and uranium energy
resources described in later sections of this report.
The Department is represented in Alaska by a small
staff in Anchorage that acts as the Secretary of
Energy's representative to the State and the public.
The Department of Energy's National Uranium
Resource Evaluation (NURE) program was initiated
in 1974 to estimate the domestic uranium resources in
the 48 conterminous States and Alaska. Projects of
national scope, the Airborne Radiometric and
Magnetic Surveys (ARMS) and the Hydrogeochemi-
cal and Stream Sediment Reconnaissance Survey
(HSSR), and geologic topical studies of regional or
provincial scope were conducted to define geologic
environments favorable for uranium deposition.
These assessments were carried on in areas including
those of uranium production, known ore reserves,
and estimated potential resources. Components of
the NURE program active in Alaska have consisted
of ARMS, HSSR, geologic map compilation,
quadrangle evaluation, and topical and regional
studies related to uranium depositional favorability
and provenance characteristics.
CONTACTS FOR FURTHER INFORMATION
U.S. Fish and Keith Schreiner, Regional
Wildlife Service Director
1011 East Tudor Road
Anchorage, AK 99503
U. S. Geological Thomas Miller, Chief
Survey Branch of Alaskan Geology
Gould Hall, APU Campus
University Drive
Anchorage, AK 99504
Department of Agriculture
Forest Service Fred Harnisch, Forest Staff
Officer
2221 East Northern Light
Boulevard
Anchorage, AK 99508
Department of Fred Chiei, Regional
Energy Representative
Federal Building
701 C Street
Anchorage, AK 99513
OIL AND GAS
For more information about Federal programs or Cook Inlet and the Arctic North Slope (fig. 3) are
projects concerned with mineral or energy resources the only producing oil and gas provinces in the State
of Alaska, please contact the following: of Alaska. The "Oil and Gas Journal" (listed with
references cited, p. 20) reported that oil production
Department of the Interior in the State at the end of 1981 had reached approx-
imately 1.68 million (42-gallon) barrels per day or
Bureau of Land Neal Bassett, Chief about 19.5 percent of the total production of the
Management Branch of Land and Minerals United States. Approximately 1.6 million barrels per
Federal Building day of this production are from the Arctic North
701 C Street Slope. Most of the remainder is from offshore Cook
Anchorage, AK 99513 Inlet; only about 9,000 barrels per day are from on-
shore areas adjacent to the Inlet. Bureau of Mines John Mulligan, Chief The U.S. Geological Survey estimates, in Circular Alaska Field Operations 860 (Dolton and others, 1981, listed in Selected Center
P.O. Box 550 References), that, of the undiscovered recoverable oil
and gas resources in onshore Alaska, approximately Juneau, AK 99802 87 percent is on the North Slope and 9 percent is in
Minerals Manage- Joseph Jones, Regional the Cook Inlet area. The distribution of oil and gas
ment Service Manager exploration and development activities during 1980
800 A Street and 1981 reflects both the petroleum potential of the
Anchorage, AK 99501 areas and the availability of land. Most of the
National Park development and explorati~n efforts were on State of
Service
John Alaska leases in the Prudhoe Bay-Kuparuk River Alaska Area Office
540 West 5th Avenue field area of the Arctic North Slope (fig. 3). In the re-
mainder of the North Slope, the Geological Survey Anchorage, AK 99501 drilled 16 wells in the National Petroleum Reserve of
FIGURE 3. -Operating oil fields, areas of industrial activity, favorable petroleum geological provinces, oil and gas provinces, and pipeline routes.
Alaska (NPRA), and private industry drilled two
wells on Native lands. In the Cook inlet area, three
wells were drilled to delineate two small gas
discoveries, and four other exploration wells were
unsuccessful. Outside of the Cook Inlet area and the
North Slope, only three exploration wells were
drilled, all on Native lands.
The passage of the Alaska National Interest Lands
Conservation Act (ANILCA) in December 1980 may
alter the future exploration picture in Alaska. As a
result of this act, plans are under way for leasing of
Federal lands in Alaska and for geological and
geophysical exploration of the Arctic National
Wildlife Refuge (ANWR). Further, the Department
of the Interior's 1981 appropriations act required the
competitive leasing of oil and gas in NPRA to private
industry.
(See table 1 and fig. 2.) The Bureau of Land Manage-
ment has started an analysis to determine which lands
under its jurisdiction should be opened to mineral,
including oil and gas, leasing. The analysis, to be
completed by 1985, will include environmental
assessments and amendments to land-use plans where
needed, all of which will involve the public. At the
close of 1981, plans were well along for a process
whereby the Bureau of Land Management would ac-
cept applications on 276,480 acres for noncompeti-
tive oil and gas leases in the Minchumina area in cen-
tral Alaska (fig. 3.)
U. S. Geological Survey. - The southern part of the
CAMA covers a significant part of the overthrust
belt of the central Brooks Range, a geologically com-
plex area. Assessment of the petroleum potential of
this area was initiated in 1981 by the Geological
Survey as part of the Alaska Mineral Resource
ACflVltY BY FEDERAL AGENCIES IN 1980 AND 1981 Assessment Program (AMRAP, further described in
Bureau of Land Management. -The Interior
Department's 1981 appropriations act required that
the first lease sale of up to 2 million acres of NPRA
be conducted by August 1982. In December 1980, the
Bureau of Land Management issued a call for
nominations in NPRA. Although all 23 million acres
of NPRA were nominated, the Bureau of Land
Management, in consultation with the U.S.
Geological Survey, selected for further study approx-
imately 5.8 million acres that have the highest poten-
tial for oil and gas and that are areas for which in-
dustry expressed the greatest interest. Following
government study and an environmental assessment,
1.5 million acres were selected from the study area
and scheduled for sale in December 1981. The sale,
however, was rescheduled and held on January 27,
1982. High bids from the sale totaled $61,155,838.91
on 29 of the 59 tracts offered. A second sale was
scheduled for May 26, 1982.
The Bureau of Land Management has started a
systematic study of the oil and gas resources, the
wilderness characteristics, and the wildlife resources
in the Central Arctic Management Area (CAMA), an
area between NPRA and ANWR and north of
latitude 6S0, as required by Section 1001 of
ANILCA. This study, to be completed by the Bureau
of Land Management no later than December 1988,
is to be the basis for recommendations concerning
future use and management of the oil and gas
resources in the central North Slope.
Section 1008 of ANILCA authorized the Secretary
of the Interior to establish an oil and gas leasing pro-
gram for Federal lands south of 68" north latitude.
the section on nonfuel minerals). Fieldwork in the
Killik River and Chandler Lake (1:250,000-scale)
quadrangles began in 1981, and a major part of the
program will be completed during the 1982 field
season. Objectives of the program include determin-
ing (1) the type and abundance of potential hydrocar-
bon traps, (2) the distribution of potential hydrocar-
bon reservoir rocks on the thrust sheets of this part of
the Brooks Range, and (3) the potential for hydrocar-
bon source rocks by organic chemical analysis.
Studies by the Geological Survey related to the ex-
ploration of NPRA have been expanded and extend-
ed eastward to increase the data base for petroleum
assessments in the central North Slope and the
ANWR. A computer data base containing informa-
tion about rock types and microfossils in most of the
exploratory wells on the North Slope has been
developed. Studies of the richness and maturity of
potential oil and gas source rocks have been made
from well samples and surface outcrops and are also
part of the data base. These projects and others are
part of the Geological Survey's North Slope
Petroleum Program whose goal is to assess the
petroleum potential of the North Slope of Alaska.
The Geological Survey and U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service have started preparing an environmental im-
pact statement for geological and geophysical ex-
ploration on the northwest coast of the ANWR, east
of an area where industry wells have indicated some
oil and gas potential.
Research activities on the North Slope include two
Geological Survey projects to determine whether
petroleum reservoirs can be related to near-surface
chemical or geophysical anomalies. One study is in
progress to determine whether microseepage of
helium from petroleum reservoirs will result in
anomalously high concentrations of helium in near-
surface permafrost. Results to date show a pattern of
high helium concentrations between Admiralty Bay
and the Arctic Ocean that may be related to a
stratigraphic trap for oil in sandstones. A second
project will attempt to determine whether hydrocar-
bons seeping from the subsurface reduce iron oxides
in near-surface rocks to form the mineral magnetite.
Preliminary data suggest that, where quantities of
magnetite are large enough to detect with low level
aerornagnetic surveys, the magnetic anomalies can be
correlated with known oil and gas deposits and sur-
face seeps.
(Dolton and others, 1981, listed with Selected
References). Risked mean estimates of the un-
discovered recoverable oil and gas resources for on-
shore Alaska were 6.9 billion barrels of oil and 36.6
trillion cubic feet (TCF) of natural gas; these
estimates are approximately 13 percent of the
estimated undiscovered recoverable oil and 9 percent
of the undiscovered recoverable gas for the total on-
shore area of the United States. An update of the
detailed assessment in the NPRA completed in May
of 1980 estimated the undiscovered in-place sources
to be 6.0 billion barrels of oil and 11.3 TCF of gas. A
similar type of assessment for the ANWR, published
in Mast and others (1980, listed with Selected
References), estimated in-place undiscovered
resources of 4.8 billion barrels of oil and 11.9 TCF of
In the Cook Inlet Basin, projects related to gas. The Geological Survey also provided a briefing
resource assessments for the offshore lease sales have about North Slope petroleum geology to the National
provided additional information on the source rocks, Petroleum Council for their assessment of the Arctic
reservoirs, and structural framework of the basin. oil and gas resources.
Surface geological mapping, Continental Offshore During 1981, the Geological Survey's Office of Na-
Stratigraphic Test well studies, and seismic surveys tional Petroleum Reserve in Alaska completed the
were included in these projects. From these studies, a operational phase of the petroleum exploration pro-
proposed model for the generation and entrapment gram in the NPRA. The Geological Survey had been
of the oil and gas deposits in the basin has been assigned the responsibility of continuing the
developed. In the proposed model, oil was generated petroleum exploration program and the activities in-
in Middle Jurassic source beds and migrated across a itiated by the Department of the Navy when the
major unconformity into the overlying Tertiary Reserve was transferred from the Department of the
reservoir sands. Therefore, the proximity of the Ter- Navy to the Department of the Interior on June 1,
tiary reservoirs to the underlying Middle Jurassic 1977. Highlights for 1980 and 1981 include:
source rocks may be a critical factor for oil ac- Thirteen exploratory wells were completed, seven
cumulation in the basin. The major gas reserves are in 1980 and six in 1981 (table 2; fig. 4). At the
nonassociated gas in the shallow (less than about completion of the drilling, all contractor equip-
6,500 feet) sands of the coal-bearing nonmarine ment and drilling rigs were demobilized from the
Kenai Group rocks. This shallow gas is believed to be NPRA, and all materials, equipment, and sup-
of biologic origin and indigenous to the Kenai plies were removed from the Reserve, declared
Group. surplus, or transferred to Barrow for use in
operating and maintaining the Barrow gas field,
Regional geologic and mapping projects, such as The base camp at Point Lonely was closed on
AMRAP, have provided geologic information im- December 6, 1981.
portant to oil and gas assessments in central Alaska A total of 1,700 miles (1,110 miles in 1980 and 590
(Minchumina Basin), the Copper River basin, and miles in 1981) of seismic data were collected,
the Alaska Peninsula. In addition, work by processed, and interpreted.
Geological Survey parties in the Norton Bay, Nulato, . The Geological Survey continued to operate and
and Unalakleet quadrangles has shown that geologic maintain the South Barrow gas field, which sup-
structures in the onshore areas also are found in plies gas to the village of Barrow and nearby
seismic records for offshore areas. (See, for example, Federal installations. Three development wells
Fisher and others, 1981, listed with Selected were drilled in the newer East Barrow gas field,
References .) about 7 miles southeast of the South Barrow gas
As part of the assessment of the undiscovered oil field. Production facility construction continued
and gas resources of the United States, an assessment at the East Barrow gas field. When completed,
of the onshore Alaska oil and gas resources was the new production will double the amount of
published by the Geological Survey in Circular 860 natural gas available to the Barrow area.
14
TABLE 2. -National Petroleum ReSe~e in Alaska exploration lest wdls, 1980-81 (see fig. 4)
Total
depth
(feet)
DBtC
completed
DdLPSt
horizon Remarks
Argillite basement ---- Gas test; plugged and
abandoned.
Argillite basement ---- Gas shows; plugged
and abandoned.
Lisburne-Endicott Gas shows; plugged
Group. and abandoned.
Basal Cretaceous ----- Gas test; plugged
and abandoned.
Argillite basement ---- Gas shows; plugged
and abandoned.
Well
no. Name
1 ------ Tunalik Test
Well No. 1.
2 ------ Ikpikuk Test
Well No. 1.
3 Lisburne Test
Well No.1.
4 ------ Seabee Test
Well No. 1.
5 ------ Walakpa Test
Well No. 1.
6 ------ East Simpson Test
Well No. 2.
Location
22 mi SE of Icy Cape --
42 mi SW of Lonely --I
110 mi SW of Umiat ---
I mi NW of Umiat ----
15 mi S of Barrow --_--
50 mi SE of Barrow -_- Argillite basement ---- Poor gas shows;
plugged and
abandoned.
Argillite basement Poor gas shows;
(Devonian or plugged and
7 ------ West Dease Test
Well No. 1.
28 mi SE of Barrow ---
older). abandoned.
Early Cretaceous For- Gas shows; plugged
tress Mountain and abandoned.
Formation.
8 Awuna Test
Well No. 1
152 mi SSW of Barrow -
9 ------ Walakpa Test
Well No. 2.
4 mi SSW of Walakpa
Test Well No. 1.
Argillite basement ---- Recovered gas at a rate
of 2.4 million
cubic feet per day;
temporarily
abandoned.
Triassic Shublik Gas shows; plugged
Formation. and abandoned.
Argillite basement ---- Poor gas shows;
plugged and
abandoned.
Argillite basement ---- Plugged and
abandoned.
Early Cretaceous Plugged and
Torok Formation. abandoned.
10 ------ North Inigok Test
Well No. 1.
11 ------ Kuyanak Test
Well No. 1.
60 mi NNE of Umiat _-
30 mi SSE of Barrow --
12 Tulageak Test
Well No. 1.
13 ------ Koluktak Test
Well No. I.
14 ------ South Barrow
No. 15.
15 ------ South Barrow
No. 18.
16 ------ South Barrow
No. 20.
24 mi ESE of Barrow --
70 mi W of Umiat -----
10 mi ESE of Barrow --
12 mi ESE of Barrow --
I I mi ESE of Barrow --
Argillite basement ---- Completed as a gas
well.
Argillite basement ---- Completed as a gas
well.
Argillite basement ---- Gas shows; suspended
as a nonproducer.
Environmental rehabilitation activities continued
in the Reserve with the collection of more than
2,140 tons of debris and waste materials from
numerous sites. These materials were con-
solidated and stockpiled at several collection
points. Initial rehabilitation work was done at
six well sites, and follow-up reseeding and refer-
tilization work was completed at other sites.
Well data were released to the public on all wells
completed before the end of fiscal year 1980. All
geophysical data collected from 1974 through
fiscal year 1979 also have been released.
Minerals Munagentent Service. -Resource evalua-
tion activities of the Geological Survey's Conserva-
tion Division (set up in January 1982 as the Minerals
Management Service and hereafter referred to by the
new name) included geological and geophysical
studies in the NPRA to support the Bureau of Land
Management's leasing program. Initial oil and gas
resource assessments were made to select the most
promising resource areas for study and environmen-
tal assessment. More detailed assessments were made
to select the final sale tracts, and evaluations were
made on those tracts for use in the process of accept-
ing or rejecting bids. Lands west of the NPRA and
south of 68" north latitude, as described in Section
1008 of ANILCA, were reviewed, and "favorable
petroleum geological provinces" designated in three
areas: the onshore Cook Inlet Tertiary Province, the
Cape Lisburne Province, and the onshore Gulf of
Alaska Tertiary Province (fig. 3). Detailed descrip- INDUSTRY ACTIVITY IN 1980 AND 1981
tions and a map of these areas are available from the
Regional Manager, Minerals Management Service in
Anchorage (800 A Street, Anchorage, AK 99501).
Lands within the "favorable petroleum geological
provinces" must be competitively leased for oil and
gas, but other Federal lands will be available for non-
competitive leasing.
Regulations, field operations, and royalty account-
ing functions of the Minerals Management Service
were related to the drilling and production operations
in the producing fields of the Kenai Peninsula. Dur-
ing 1981, the royalty accounting functions were
transferred to the central accounting office in
Denver.
STATEOFALASKALEASESALES
Three onshore lease sales were held by the State of
Alaska in 1980 and 1981.
Sale 31 took place in the Prudhoe Bay area in Sep-
tember 1980. All 78 tracts (198,801 acres) of-
fered received bids, and high bids totaled
$12,771,300. Terms of the sale were 20 percent
royalty and 30 percent net profit share with a
10-year lease term, according to "Petroleum In-
formation" (September 17, 1980; the journal is
listed on page 20).
Sale 32 in the Kenai Peninsula area of the Cook
Inlet Basin was held in August 198 1 and includ-
ed both onshore and offshore lands. There were
78 tracts (202,000 acres) offered, and 59 tracts
(151,591 acres) received bids. Terms were a fixed
bonus of $10 per acre with royalty bidding and a
minimum royalty of 20 percent. Royalty bids
ranged from approximately 20 percent to 59 per-
cent, as reported in "Petroleum Information"
(August 26, 1981).
Sale 33 in the northern part of the Cook Inlet Basin
took place in May 1981. There were 202 tracts
(821,098 acres) offered, and 103 tracts (429,983
acres) received bids. Terms were a fixed bonus
of $10 per acre with royalty bidding and
minimum royalty of 20 percent. "Petroleum In-
formation" (May 20, 1981) reported that royalty
bids ranged from approximately 21.3 percent to
64.1 percent.
Five State sales are planned for 1982: Prudhoe Bay
Uplands, Beaufort Sea, Middle Tanana/Copper
River, Kenai Peninsula, and lower Cook Inlet.
The following are highlights of industry activities
for 1980 and 1981.
The most significant oil and gas developments dur-
ing 1980 and 1981 took place in the Prudhoe Bay
area (fig. 3). At the Kuparuk River field, on the
west side of the Prudhoe Bay field complex,
development drilling and related activities con-
tinued. Production began in December 1981 at
an initial rate of 50,000 barrels per day. Oil is
delivered by a 26-mile, 16-inch pipeline to the
trans-Alaska pipeline at Prudhoe Bay. Plans call
for an increase in Kuparuk's production to
250,000 barrels per day in 1986. At that level,
the fidd would rank second in daily production
in the United States to Prudhoe Bay. Total
recoverable oil production is estimated to be 1.2
billion to 1.5 billion barrels. Development, when
completed in the next 5 to 10 years, will include
as many as 800 producing and water injection
wells, with total costs estimated to be $6 billion
to $8 billion.
Oil production at Prudhoe Bay was approximately
1.6 million barrels per day at the end of 1981,
and in November 1981 a total of 2 billion barrels
of oil had passed through the trans-Alaska
pipeline to the Valdez terminal. The operators
have secured permits for a waterflooding project
at Prudhoe, whereby saltwater will be injected
into reservoir rocks to help maintain the reser-
voir pressure. It is estimated that this project will
increase oil recovery by 5 to 9 percent. The injec-
tion of processed seawater is planned to start in
1984, according to an article in "Petroleum In-
formation" (February 10, 1982).
Significant discoveries were reported for four areas
along the coast of the Beaufort Sea in successful
exploration wells. Several confirmation wells
have been drilled in these areas, but commercial
production has not been established or claimed
by the operators. Figure 4 shows the location of
these wells; table 3 gives selected information
about the wells.
(1) Point Thornson- In July 198 1, Exxon
Co., USA, announced a discovery at its
Alaska State C-1 well site. The well
tested 3.4 million cubic feet (MCF) of
gas and 874 barrels of condensate. This
is the sixth reported discovery in an area
approximately 12 miles long and 3 miles
wide along the Beaufort Sea coast. The
easternmost well, the Exxon Alaska
TABLE 3. -Successful onshore industry exploration test wells, 1980-81 (see fig. 4)
Total
Wcll depth Date Dcepcsr
no. Name Location (Feet) complcttd horizon Remarks
17 ---Conoco, Milne
Point No. 1.
18 ---Conoco, Milne
Point No. 2.
19 ---Conoco, Gwydyr
Bay No. 2A.
20 ---Exxon, Alaska
State C-l .
21 ---Union, Cannery
Loop No. 3.
22 ---Cities Service,
Lewis River
D-1.
North Slope, 25 mi NW
of Prudhoe, Bay.
North Slope, 24 mi NW
of Prudhoe Bay.
North Slope -------------
North Slope, 48 mi E
of Prudhoe Bay.
Cook Inlet Basin, I mi
E of Kenai.
Cook Inlet Basin, 50 mi
NW of Anchorage.
10,180 4-15-80 ? Combined flow rates of 785-1,300 barrels per
day of oil with small amounts of gas.
9,635 5-04-81 ? Tested 1,900 barrels per day of oil.
11,510 4-12-81 ? Tested two zones; one flowed 3,000 barrels per
day of oil and 2.7 million cubic feet per day
of gas, the other flowed 740 barrels per day
of oil.
13,761 7-14-81 ? Flowed 3.4 million cubic feet per day of gas with
874 barrels per day of condensate.
11,125 9-12-81 Kenai Suspended following a 5-week testing program.
Group
8,025 10-03-81 ? Suspended gas well.
State A-1, was the first discovery in the
area and is the only well for which data
have been released. These data indicate
approximately 115 feet of Tertiary oil-
bearing sand, and the well produced
1,586 barrels of oil and 1.39 MCF of
gas during 21.5 hours of testing.
Although well data have not been re-
leased on the five remaining dis-
coveries, the reservoirs are reported to
be in rocks of Early Cretaceous or early
Tertiary age. Oil reserve estimates by
the State of Alaska Division of Energy
and Minerals Management range from
a low of 400 million barrels to a high of
900 million barrels, with a most likely
estimate of 600 million barrels. Gas
estimates range from 3.2 to 6.0 TCF,
with a most likely estimate of 4.5 TCF,
according to Van Dyke (1980, listed on
page 20). Three exploratory wells are
being drilled on the islands approx-
imately 3 miles north of the coast,
which, if successful, could extend the
production area northward into the
Beaufort Sea.
(2) Milne Point Unit - This area is just north-
west of the Prudhoe Bay field along the
coast of the Beaufort Sea. Conoco,
Inc., reported two discoveries in the
area and is considering development of
its reserves. The Milne Point No. 1 Well
tested at a rate of 785 to 1,300 barrels of
oil per day with small amounts of
natural gas, and the Milne Point No. 2
Well tested 1,900 barrels of oil per day,
according to "Petroleum Information"
(February 10, 1982). No data have been
released for the wells, but the reservoirs
are reported to be in the Triassic Sag
River sand, the Lower Cretaceous
Kuparuk River sands, and the Upper
Cretaceous Prince Creek sand. The
State of Alaska Division of Minerals
and Energy Management estimated the
reserves for the Milne Point area to
range from a low of 30 million barrels
to a high of 80 million barrels and a
most likely estimate of 45 million bar-
rels of oil (Van Dyke, 1980).
(3) Gwydyr Bay Area-Oil was first
discovered in the Gwydyr Bay area in
the Hamilton Brothers Point
Storkersen No. 1 Well in 1969. Since
1969, several wells have recovered
significant amounts of oil, and in 1981
the Conoco Gwydyr Bay No. 2A Well
tested 3,000 barrels of oil per day and
2.7 MCF of gas from one zone and 740
barrels of oil per day from a second
zone. However, Conoco has no known
plans at present to develop Gwydyr
Bay, according to ccPetroleum Informa-
tion" (February 10, 1982). Production
is from the Permo-Triassic Sadlerochit
Group, just north of the complex series
of down-to-the-north normal faults
that define the northern boundary of
the Prudhoe Bay field. The State of
Alaska Division of Minerals and
Energy Management has estimated oil
reserves to range from a low of 50
million barrels to a high of 120 million
barrels, with a most likely value of 80
million barrels (Van Dyke, 1980).
(4) Sag Delta Area- Potential in this area just
east of Prudhoe Bay appears to be
mainly offshore, but some production
may extend onshore. Geological infor-
mation and well data have not been
released for this area, but flow rates
from five wells in the nearshore area
have been reported by "Petroleum In-
formation" (February 10, 1982). In the
Sag Delta area, Sohio Alaska Petro-
leum Company reported flows from
three wells of 2,475 barrels of oil per
day, 4,400 barrels of oil per day, and
674 barrels of oil per day. Just to the
east, Exxon reported 2,600 barrels of
oil per day and 1,100 barrels of oil per
day from two of its Duck Island Unit
wells, These discoveries indicate a
possible productive trend of 10 miles,
but it is not known whether the reser-
voir is continuous or whether produc-
tion is from the same horizon. No re-
serve estimates, which would include
data from these recent discoveries, are
available, but most of the reserves are
probably offshore.
In the Cook Inlet Basin, three exploratory wells
were drilled to evaluate previous gas discoveries.
Union Oil Company of California drilled two
tests at its Cannery Loop Unit discovery located
just north of the Kenai gas field on the Kenai
Peninsula. The first well, drilled about 3 miles
northwest of the discovery well, was abandoned,
and the second, drilled a mile north of the
discovery well, was suspended after extensive
testing. No geological or engineering data have
been released on these wells, and no reserve
estimates have been made. Cities Service Oil
Company's Lewis River D-1 Delineation Well in
the undefined Lewis River gas field was sus-
pended as a gas well.
Thirteen unsucccessful industry exploration tests
drilled in 1980 and 1981 are listed in table 4, and
TABLE 4.-Wnsucces~l onshare industry exploration test wells, 198&81 (see fig. 4)
Well
no. Name Location
23 ---Conoco, Gwydyr, Bay North Slope, 10 mi NW
State No. 1. of Prudhoe Bay.
24 ---Exxon, Point North Slope, 40 mi E
Thompson No. 4. of Prudhoe Bay.
25 ---Mob& Gwydyr North Slope, 15 mi NW
State Unit No. 1 of Prudhoe Bay.
26 ---Chugach Electric, Cook Inlet. 1 2 mi E
Robinson Loop of Kenai.
Unit No. 1
27 ---Samasko, Kaldachabuna Cook Inlet, 45 mi W
No. I. of Anchorage.
28 ---Texaco, Nicolai Creek Cook Inlet, 50 mi W
Unit No. 6. of Anchorage.
29 ---Union, Trail Ridge Cook Inlet, 55 mi NW
Unit No. 1 of Anchorage.
30 ---Ammo, Altna Inc. Copper River basin, 12
Well No. 1. mi N of Glennallen.
31 --Amoco, Altna Inc. Copper River basin, 6
Well UA" No. I. mi N of Glennallcn.
32 ---Chevron, Killik North Slope, 85 mi SW
No. 1. of Umiat .
32 ---Chevron, Akulik NorthSlope, 10miE
NO. 1. of Cape Beaufort.
34 ---Union, Cannery Loop Cook Inlet Basin. 3 mi
No. 2. E of Kenai.
35 ---Chevron, Koniag Alaska Peninsula, 66
No. 1. mi of Port Heiden.
Total
depth Date
(F'eet) completed
11,102 4-25-80
Deepest
horizon
Sadlerochit
Formation.
?
Sadlerochit
Formation.
Tyonek Formation-
Kenai Group
(Hemlock?).
Kenai Group
(Hemlock?).
?
Kenai Group -----
Remarks
Plugged and
abandoned.
Plugged and
abandoned.
Plugged and
abandoned.
Plugged and
abandoned.
Suspended.
Plugged and
abandoned.
Suspended.
Plugged and
abandoned.
Plugged and
abandoned.
Plugged and
abandoned.
Plugged and
abandoned.
Plugged and
abandoned.
Plugged and
abandoned.
the locations are shown on figure 4. Six of these REFERENCES CITED
wells were located on Native lands, six on State
leases, and one on fee land. ~h~ decrease in drill- Oil and Gas Journal, published by Pennwell Publishing ComPanY,
1421 South Sheridan Road, Box lw, Tulsa, OK 74101.
ing activity nine in 1980 four in petroleum Information, published by Petroleum Information
1981 is probably a result of the unavailability of Cornoration. a subsidiary of A. C. Nielson Company, P.O.
unexplored leases and the large exploration drill-
ing effort directed at the offshore Beaufort Sea
leases that were sold in the 1979 joint State-
Federal lease sale. Well data from all of these
wells are still proprietary, and the geological
significance of these tests is speculative.
However, in two areas the tests should provide
especially valuable data. In the foothills prov-
ince of the North Slope, Chevron USA, Inc.,
was unsuccessful at its two deep tests, the Killik
No. 1 and Akulik No. 1 wells. These wells and
the NPRA Lisburne Test Well No. 1 apparently
have failed to find significant hydrocarbons in
this poorly known part of the North Slope. The
geology of this large area is complex and has
numerous low-angle thrust sheets. When avail-
able, the information from the Chevron welIs
will be a major contribution to the geology of
the area. In a little-explored northward exten-
tion of the Cook Inlet Basin, Union was also un-
successful at their Trail Ridge No. 1 Test Well.
However, the well was drilled to a depth of
13,708 feet and may indicate a thickness of Ter-
tiary rocks adequate for generation of oil or gas.
ALASKA NATURAL GAS TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM
Efforts continued during 1980 and 198 1 to finance
the construction of the Alaska Natural Gas
Transportation System, whose proposed route is
shown in figure 3. Sponsors of the pipeline asserted
that the project could not be financed without
changes in the pipeline legislation. On December 15,
1981, President Reagan signed into law a waiver
package designed to liberalize ground rules for fi-
nancing and construction of the massive project,
which was estimated to cost approximately $50
billion if completed on schedule by 1987, according
to an article in the "Oil and Gas Journal" (December
14, 1981). However, the waiver package has not been
successful, and the sponsors have delayed the project
for 2 years, citing depressed crude oil prices, the
short-term oil and gas supply outlook, high interest
rates, and the recession ("Oil and Gas Journal," May
10, 1982). Pipeline backers will continue to work on a
financing plan.
~0x2278, Anchorage. Alaska.
Van Dyke, W. 23.. 1980, Proven and probable reserves on leased
State lands, North Slope, Alaska: State of Alaska Department
of Natural Resources. 11 p.
URANIUM
Interest in uranium exploration has recently de-
clined worldwide because of falling prices resulting
both from a glut in the uranium market and from
public concern over existing and planned nuclear
generating plants in the United States. Uranium ex-
ploration in Alaska has suffered also because of high
logistic costs and because no large high-grade
uranium deposits have been found. A general
decrease in government uranium activity in Alaska
parallels that of industry and results in part from the
fact that major projects such as the Department of
Energy's National Uranium Resource Evaluation
(NURE) are nearly complete. Continued budget
limitations suggest further decline of new govern-
ment survey and research projects.
Uranium minerals frequently are found in granitic
or volcanic rocks. Ground water passing through
these igneous or volcanic rocks leaches the uranium
minerals and may transport them to chemically
suitable environments, where they are precipitated.
Such environments are commonly permeable con-
tinental sandstones that contain carbonaceous
material. Large areas in Alaska contain sandstone
deposits that could have served as host rocks for
uranium deposits, and, in addition, many of these
areas are near potentially good igneous source rocks.
So far, no sedimentary uranium deposits in Alaska
have been commercially developed, but the discovery
of interesting subcommercial deposits in other areas
suggests that commercial deposits eventually may be
found. Private exploration and government research
continue in an effort to develop the technology to
find uranium deposits and to identify sandstone
deposits that contain uranium.
The only uranium deposit in Alaska that has pro-
duced commercial quantities of ore is an unusual
granite located on Bokan Mountain in southeastern
Alaska near the southern end of Prince of Wales
Island (fig. 5).
FIGURE 5. -Areas of current interest and industry activity for uranium resources.
ACTIVITY BY FEDERAL AGENCIES IN 1980 AND 1981
US Geological Survey. - Recent Geological
Survey studies have noted uranium enrichment in
continental Tertiary sedimentary rocks in central,
southeastern, and south-central Alaska (fig. 5).
Uranium in these deposits commonly is associated
with carbonized wood and siderite, an iron carbonate
mineral.
Near Healy, south of Fairbanks, three types of
uranium deposits were found-a weak roll front
developed in Tertiary sandstones, a mineralized zone
at the bottom of the Healy Formation, and a
mineralized zone in an oxidized fault zone in
Paleozoic rocks. The zone at the base of the Healy
Formation contains ore-grade material as uranif-
erous siderite nodules, but it is too thin and discon-
tinuous to have commercial potential.
Slight uranium enrichment, as much as 72 parts
per million, has been found in the Susitna Lowlands
north of Anchorage in Tertiary continental sand-
stone. The uranium content is far below ore grade,
but it indicates that weak epigenetic mineralization
has occurred.
Uranium contents as high as 0.2 percent have been
found in carbonized wood fragments in continental
sandstone of the Tertiary Kootznahoo Formation at
the north end of Port Camden, southeastern Alaska
(at the northwest corner of the Petersburg
quadrangle in fig. 5). Rare carbonized wood
fragments there do not suggest a commercial deposit.
The uranium in southeastern Alaska also is
associated with siderite and dolomite, a carbonate
rock. More detailed studies are in progress.
In 1980, uranium-related field studies were carried
out where Tertiary continental sandstone formations
crop out in the area of the Tintina fault zone north-
west of Eagle (fig. 5). Similar studies also were car-
ried out in the Tertiary Kootznahoo Formation in the
Admiralty trough, which extends from Zarembo
Island in southeastern Alaska northward to Admiral-
ty Island (fig. 5). Reports on these activities are in
preparation.
During 1981, samples were collected from poten-
tial uranium sources and host rocks near Cordova
(fig. 5) on the coast of the Gulf of Alaska. Several
radioactive anomalies have been detected in airborne
radiometric surveys of lower Tertiary sedimentary
rock in this area. A report on this study is in prog-
ress.
Geological Survey studies in the Romanzof Moun-
tains area of the northeastern North Slope (fig. 5) in
1980 indicate that there is little potential for uranium
mineralization there, even though phosphate nodules
in the Shublik Formation give total-count scin-
tillometer values 5 to 6 times those of background for
the area. Further, uranium concentrations 4 to 5
times those of background have been found in the
central part of the Okpilak granite batholith in the
Arctic National Wildlife Refuge. The batholith ap-
parently was not exposed to erosion until very recent
times and therefore did not contribute uraniferous
material to nearby sedimentary rocks, which have
characteristics favorable for hosting uranium
deposits but do not show evidence of uranium
mineralization.
A brief reconnaissance survey of the Mount Prin-
dle area (fig. 5) was made by the Geological Survey in
1981. Uranium is found in the igneous rocks there,
but preliminary studies suggest that Mount Prindle is
more interesting as a rare earth and thorium prospect
than as a uranium source. Petrologic studies are cur-
rently under way.
Reconnaissance studies in the Windy Fork area of
the northern part of the southern Alaska Range (fig.
5) indicate that some granitic rocks of middle Ter-
tiary age are anomalously rich in uranium. These
studies suggest the possibility of disseminated
uranium deposits or uranium enrichment in at least
two of these granite bodies, The Windy Fork pluton
is particularly interesting because of the combination
of alkaline-rich granitic rocks, high uranium
background values, high fluorine levels, and indica-
tions of remobilized uranium, all generally con-
sidered favorable criteria for the occurrence of
uranium deposits.
The presence of widespread uranium- and
thorium-rich dike swarms in the southeastern Seward
Peninsula (Bendeleben quadrangle, fig. 5) is dis-
cussed in Geological Survey Bulletin 1530 (Miller, in
press). These unusual alkaline-rich rocks have
average uranium and thorium contents of more than
40 and 120 parts per million, respectively, and
therefore represent one of the more uraniferous in-
trusive rock units in North America.
A preliminary report published in 1980 pointed out
the possibility of uranium mobilization associated
with silica-rich volcanic rocks in the Medfra
quadrangle of interior Alaska (fig. 5). Similar
volcanic rocks occur elsewhere in Alaska's interior
with associated uranium prospects. They constitute a
potential uranium exploration target.
Two projects in the Petersburg quadrangle (fig. 5)
in southeastern Alaska have been gathering data on
uranium from about 600 stream-sediment samples
and from airborne radiometric surveys. Reports have
not been published yet.
Department of Energy. -The recent work of the
Department's NURE program has included surveys
by airborne magnetic and spectral gamma detection
apparatus on a flight line spacing of about 6.2 miles
and water and sediment sampling at a spacing of one
sample per 9 square miles. Initially, analyses were
made only for radioelements, but later analyses in-
cluded up to 40 elements. Resource assessments also
were conducted. A preliminary index map of the
Department's open-file report coverage of Alaska
was released in January 1982 (Dennis and others,
1982, listed with Selected References).
The Department has released numerous reports
from its NURE studies. These include 22 airborne
spectrometer and magnetometer surveys, 55
hydrogeochemical and stream-sediment recon-
naissance basic-data reports, and 47 hydrogeo-
chemical reconnaissance reports on selected
quadrangles. Figure 6 shows the quadrangles covered
in these studies. All these reports were released by
Bendix Field Engineering Corporation in Grand
Junction, Colo. (See Selected References for the
Department's reports published in 1980 and 1981,) In
addition to these quadrangle reports, the Department
of Energy, through the Bendix Field Engineering
Corporation, has published reports about a gamma-
ray spectrometer and magnetometer survey of the
area near Lake Minchumina near the intersection of
the Mount McKinley, Ruby, Medfra, and Kantishna
River quadrangles; about the genesis of the Bokan
Mountain deposit in southeastern Alaska; about
mineral investigations in central and eastern Alaska;
about uranium and thorium determinations for
samples collected from seven quadrangles in eastern
Alaska; and about uranium-thorium concentrations
in representative rocks from Alaskan crystalline ter-
ranes.
The level of the Department's activity has been
reduced recently because of funding limitations. The
NURE program also is nearing completion.
INDUSTRY ACTIVITY IN 1980 AND 1981
A general decline in industry activity in uranium
exploration in Alaska occurred during 1980 and
1981. Most exploration was of a reconnaissance
nature. The following are highlights of the years' ac-
tivities,
Urangesellschaft, U.S.A., Inc., has held as many
as 157 claims on Federal lands and 1,27 1 claims
on State land. The company has drilled about 40
exploratory holes. Their work was especially in-
tense in the Healy Creek area (fig. 5). However,
in 1981, the firm ceased exploration activities
and abandoned all claims in the Healy basin.
(See Dickson, 1982, listed below.)
The Anaconda Company, under contract to Cook
Inlet Region, Inc., a Native corporation, under-
took reconnaissance work for a variety of
minerals, including uranium.
REFERENCE CITED
Dickson, R. K., 1982, Uranium mineralization in the Nenana
coal fidd, Alaska, in Short notes on Alaskan geology: Alaska
Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological and
Geophysical Surveys, Geological Report 73, p. 3742.
COAL AND PEAT
Coal may prove to be Alaska's most abundant
fossil fuel, Historically, however, the primary prob-
lem has not been finding Alaskan coal, but rather
finding a market for selling or using it. There are ap-
proximately 10 medium to large coal fields in the
State, as well as many isolated occurrences of
undefined extent that may be identified as major coal
fields after more geologic investigation (Barnes,
1967, listed on page 27). Recently, four fields (fig. 7)
have been of particular interest: (1) Northern Alaska
coal field, (2) Nenana coal field, (3) Beluga-Capps
Glacier coal field, and (4) Bering River coal field.
The Northern Alaska coal field is located north of
the Brooks Range and west of the lower Colville
River. The coal-bearing rocks are of Cretaceous age.
These rocks have been folded into east-west-trending
synclines and anticlines, the limbs of which dip 5' to
20". Coal-bearing strata are known or inferred to
underlie an area of about 58,000 square miles and are
present in horizons as deep as 6,000 feet, The many
coal beds range in thickness from a few inches to
more than 22 feet. The coal is bituminous and sub-
bituminous and has a low sulfur content.
The Nenana coal field consists of a series of
discontinuous basins that extend for 80 miles along
the northern flank of the Alaska Range. The coal-
bearing rocks are found in four formations that
range in age from late Oligocene to late Pliocene.
They crop out in a discontinous belt 1 to 30 miles
wide. Estimates of the size of the area underlain by
coal-bearing strata range from 200 to 350 square
miles. The subbituminous coal beds have been mildly
faulted and folded and range in thickness from a few
inches to 60 feet. The Jarvis Creek area of this field
68" 70" 174" 171' 168" 165" 162" 15B 153" 15P 147' 144' 141' 70"
66"
64" EXPLANATION
HydmssoCbemidaad
H-micaland nham&t
Airnome --ray qechmete~ and
62"
$Turn *ILS
58"
56"
54"
170" 168" 166" 164" 162" 160" 158" 156" 154" 134" 132" 130"
FIGURE 6. -Quadrangles for which National Uranium Resource Evaluation reports were released in 1980 and 1981. (See Department of Energy reference tist for report ni
FIGURE 7. -Locations of coal and peat deposits of current interest and areas of industrial activity.
was mined in the past, and the field includes Alaska's
only active coal mine, the Usibelli mine in the Healy
area.
The Beluga coal field is part of the Susitna field
and includes the Capps Glacier and Chuitna fields,
which are of current interest. The subbituminous
coal beds are in rocks of early Tertiary age and are
part of a large, broad, structural basin modified
locally by gentle folds with dips generally less than
5". The coal beds underlie about 3,400 square miles.
Many of the coal beds, some of which are as thick as
50 feet, have little overburden and are amenable to
surface mining.
The coal of the Bering River field is in a 50-square-
mile area between Bering Lake and the ice fields of
the Chugach Range. Coal ranges in rank from
bituminous to anthracite. The many coal beds range
in thickness from a few inches to 60 feet. Strata in
this area are tightly folded and cut by many faults.
Many beds were thickened abnormally by the intense
deformation, and most are generally crushed and
sheared. Because of this structural complexity, no
estimates of the amount of coal present have been
made.
Peat deposits occur in more than 25 million acres
in Alaska, particularly in surficial deposits in low-
altitude areas of the State. According to geological
studies by the State of Alaska, south-central Alaska
contains about 2 million acres of fuel-grade peat, and
more than 1 million acres of such peat is found on the
Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian Islands. The average
thickness of unfrozen peat measured in south-central
Alaska is about 6 feet.
In the past year, the State has expressed interest in
peat as an energy source. Deposits north of An-
chorage (fig. 7) have been the focus of recent work by
the State and Federal governments and will be
studied further.
been announced; however, a 1977 State of Alaska
report (Conwell, 1977, listed on p. 27) estimates that
the field contains 2.4 billion tons of coal. The coal
would be transported by rail to a plant near Granite
Point, on the coast near the southern boundary of
the Tyonek quadrangle (fig. 7) for processing and
conversion. This synthetic methanol gas produced
from the coal would be converted to 54,000 barrels of
liquid methanol per day.
Department of Agriculture. -The Soil Conserva-
tion Service recently has studied the reclamation
potential in the Beluga coal field. However, there is
no present activity in the area by the Service.
Minerals Management Service. - In early 1980, the
Geological Survey's Conservation Division, which
became the Minerals Management Service in January
1982, made electric logs of a series of shallow seismic
shot holes in the western part of the Northern Alaska
coal field. Samples were collected wherever possible.
Preliminary data suggest that the quantity and quali-
ty of the coal there are consistent with previous
estimates; a report published in 1975 by the Universi-
ty of Alaska estimated that about 1 trillion tons of
coal were present in the area. Currently, no coal
studies are under way in this area by the Minerals
Management Service or by other Federal agencies.
U.S. Geological Survey. -Several units of the U.S.
Geological Survey have been involved in coal studies,
commonly in cooperative efforts involving two or
more branches or divisions. Most projects treat en-
vironmental concerns or chemical aspects of coal. No
exploratory drilling specifically for coal is under way
at this time.
The Geological Survey has been investigating the
Cook Inlet coal lands for several years. This study
has focused on the nature, location, and extent of
general environmental concerns and potential prob-
lems that could result from coal mining activities pro-
posed for this area. Studies also address problems
issociated with facility siting (that is, a methanol
By FEDERAL IN AND ls8' olant), trans~ortation routes, and growth of corn- . .
Bureau of Mines. -The Bureau of Mines in- munities. An important part of this investigation is a
vestigated coal exposures in the Bering River coal
field as part of the 1980 Roadless Area Resource
Evaluation I1 studies. Reports on that work have not
been published yet.
Department of Energy. -The Department, in a
joint feasibility study with Placer-Amex and the
Cook Inlet Region, Inc., a Native corporation, has
investigated methanol production from sub-
bituminous Beluga coals. This study proposed sur-
face mining of 8.5 million tons of Beluga coal per
year. The possible lifespan of the project has not
drilling operation to determine the physical proper-
ties of the coal-bearing rocks, and, whenever possi-
ble, coal cores have been collected and submitted for
chemical analysis. Preliminary data indicate that the
Beluga-Capps Glacier area coals are subbituminous,
have low sulfur and moderate ash contents, and con-
tain a large amount of water. Further analyses of
coal samples currently are under way by the
Geological Survey.
Affolter and others (1981, listed with Selected
References) made public the moisture and ash con-
tents, forms of sulfur, heat of combustion, and the
major, minor, and trace element concentrations of
118 cod samples from the following 1 :250,000-scale
quadrangles: (1) Utukok River (Northern Alaska
coal field), (2) Healy (Nenana coal field), (3) Kenai
(Kenai coal field), and (4) Seldovia (Kenai coal field)
(fig. 7). Their open-file report includes a comparison
of the above coal chemical data to that for coals from
the Powder River area in Wyoming. Table 5 sum-
marizes the findings. The study indicates that
Alaska's coals are similar to the Powder River coals,
which are extensively mined.
As part of the Alaska Mineral Resource Assess-
ment Program of the Geological Survey, geologists
have been investigating the Nenana coal field, which
probably contains more than 2 billion tons of coal.
Analyses of about 20 samples indicate that the coals
are lignite A to subbituminous B, with 17 to 27 per-
cent moisture, 3 to 13 percent ash, 0.1 to 0,3 percent
sulfur, and a Btu range of 7,500 to 9,400. Elements
of environmental concern, such as arsenic,
beryllium, mercury, molybdenum, antimony, and
selenium, are present in smaller amounts in these
coals than in most other U.S. coals.
on deposits in the Houston and Willow areas, about
30 miles north of Anchorage. Seventy-nine cores
were taken in the Rogers Creek area near Willow.
Peat thickness averaged 7 feet over 2,595 acres.
Based on a figure of 200 tons of air-dried peat for
each acre-foot, there are nearly 4 million tons of peat
in that area. Near Houston, 49 cores were taken, and
the peat averaged 5 feet in thickness. Based on the
same amount of air-dried peat per acre-foot, almost
2 million tons of peat are present. The deposits meet
the criteria for fuel-grade peat and have an energy
value of at least 8,000 Btu per pound. The State is
planning to request bids in 1982 to make feasibility
studies of possible pilot plants for producing fuels.
INDUSTRY ACTIVITY OF 1980 AND 1981
The following are highlights of the years' industry
activities
The Sun Eel Shipping Company of South Korea
agreed to buy more than 7 million tons of coal
over the next decade from Alaska's sole
operating mine, Usibelli Coal Mines, Inc., at
Healy (Nenana coal field). The coal will be
moved by rail from Healy to Seward, an ice-free
TABLE 5. - Comparison of selected characterktics of coal samples port on Prince William Sound, for shipment to
from Alaska and the Powder River region of Wyoming (from South Korea.
Affolter and others, 1981) The Bass, Hunt, Wilson group and Diamond
Sample location numb^ of Moisture Ash Sulfur
(quadrangle) sampk (arithmetic mean, percent)
Healy(A1aska)--- 12 24.1 10.2 0.2
Kenai (Alaska)--- 10 21.7 15.3 .4
Seldovia (Alaska)- 6 16.4 13.6 .4
Utukok River
(Alaska). 24 10.4 9.3 .3
Powder River
(Wyoming). 86 10.5 7.7 .5
Btu
(per pound)
8,030
7,320
8,140
Geological Survey hydrologists recently have com-
Shamrock Coal Company jointly funded a
$25-million, 3-year predevelopment study to ex-
amine the potential for large-scale mining of the
Beluga area coals. The leases cover 21,000 acres
of State land and will be studied for mining and
marketing potential. A multimillion ton surface
operation is envisioned, but the company has
not indicated a potential lifespan for the opera-
tion. The coal would be moved to tidewater for
shipment by freighters.
pleted reconnaissance studies of hydrologic condi- REFERENCES CITED tions in the Beluga, Healy, and Peters Creek (north-
ern part of the Susitna field) coal areas (fig. 7). A Barnes, F. F., 1967, Coal resources of Alaska: U.S. Geological
study of trace metals in surface water and stream Survey Bulletin 1242-B, 36 p.
Conwell, C. N., compiler, 1977 Energy resources map of Alaska: sediments in the Healy area also is under way. This State of Alaska Department of Natural Resources, Division
information will provide baseline data if production of Geological and Geophysical Surveys Information Circular
begins. 11, 1 sheet.
COOPERATIVE STATE-FEDERAL STUDIES OF PEAT GEOTHERMAL RESOURCES
RESOURCES Geothermal resources in Alaska are being used
The Department of Energy funded studies of two only for local recreational purposes, space heating,
areas in the Susitna Valley that contain peat deposits. and agriculture. The widespread recent volcanic ac-
The work, by State and Geological Survey geologists, tivity in the Aleutian Islands, the Alaskan Peninsula,
was completed in 1981, The investigations centered the Wrangell Mountains, and elsewhere throughout
the State, however, points to numerous areas of
anomalous subsurface heat flux that suggests Alaska
has a large potential for geothermal energy resources.
Quantitative estimates of the potential geothermal
energy and the selection of individual sites for further
exploration are being conducted now in several
localities (see fig. 8).
The Aleutian volcanic arc and the western end of
the Wrangell Mountains appear to have the highest
potential for development of large-scale energy
sources. The western end of the Wrangell Mountains
lies adjacent to major transportation routes and
could provide electrical energy for use in Alaska. The
potentially large geothermal areas in the remote
Aleutians and the Alaska Peninsula are expected to
be of most economic use to industries that have high
energy requirements for processing raw material (for
example, aluminum) rather than to the limited in-
digenous population or for power transmission out-
side those areas.
The thermal springs in interior and southeastern
Alaska appear to represent deeply circulating water
of atmospheric origin, termed meteoric water.
Despite lower estimates of subsurface temperatures
than from the Aleutian Islands and Alaska Peninsula
thermal springs, the demand for cheaper energy in
the remote regions of interior Alaska may cause these
small thermal springs sites to be the first geothermal
area to be exploited in the State. Hot water could be
used for space heating, as is done in Iceland, or, as
the use of heat exchangers becomes technologically
practicable for the generation of electrical power,
these springs could provide limited electrical power
for local use by remote villages.
ACTIVITY BY FEDERAL AGENCIES IN I980 AND 1981
U. S. Geological Survey. -The Geological Survey
continued studies of volcanic centers that have poten-
tial near-surface heat reservoirs on the Alaska Penin-
sula in 1980 and 1981, concentrating on Peulik,
Ugashik, Kialagvik, Chiginigak, and the newly
discovered Yantarni volcanoes, all in the Ugashik
quadrangle (highlighted in fig. 8). Preliminary work
suggests that these volcanic centers have produced
silica-rich ash or lavas in geologically recent times,
indicative of possible shallow magma chambers and
correspondingly shallow heat reservoirs. Present
studies are concentrating on understanding the age
and characteristics of the volcanic centers so as to
estimate the magnitude of their heat content and
resulting geothermal potential.
Detailed studies of Mount Drum volcano in the
western Wrangell Mountains (fig. 8) have been com-
pleted by the Geological Survey. They suggest that
the volcano began to form 800,000 years ago and was
intermittently active until less than 240,000 years
ago. Calculations based on the volume of the
underlying magma chamber, its age, and its composi-
tion suggest a stored heat content of 265x 1018
calories.
STATE STUDIES, 1980 AND 1981
The State of Alaska has appropriated $700,000 for
a follow-up program of test drilling in 1982 at
Pilgrim Springs on the Seward Peninsula 40 miles
north of Nome (fig. 8). Two 150-foot test holes
drilled earlier produced 195°F water and artesian
flow at a rate of more than 150 gallons per minute
(Turner and Forbes, 1980, listed on p. 30).
The Alaska Division of Geologic and Geophysical
Surveys reported (Motyka and others, 1980, listed on
p. 30) an assessment of 7 thermal springs in southern
southeastern Alaska in 1980 and on 20 thermal spring
sites between Atka Island in the Aleutians and
Becharof Lake (Motyka and others, 1981, listed on
p. 30) on the Alaska Peninsula in 1981 (fig. 8). The
springs, all previously known, are thought to repre-
sent deeply circulating meteoric waters discharging
along fracture systems adjacent to granitic rock
masses. Chemical characteristics of the water, used
to determine subsurface temperature, indicate that
those temperatures in the springs are below 300°F.
This relatively low subsurface temperature suggested
by water chemistry, together with the low discharges
and the geologic setting, yields a rather low geother-
mal energy potential for other than local use.
A summary report on geothermal energy resources
of Alaska was published in 1980 by the Geophysical
Institute of the University of Alaska under contract
to the Department of Energy (Turner and others,
1980, listed on p. 30). The location, geologic setting,
temperature, flow rate, and energy characteristics of
known thermal springs in Alaska are discussed, as
are igneous-related geothermal systems.
The Geophysical Institute, also under contract to
the Department of Energy, completed in early 1982 a
preliminary investigation of the geothermal energy
resources of the Lower Susitna Basin near Willow in
south-central Alaska (Turner and Westcott, 1982,
listed on p. 30) (fig. 8). Evidence from dry wildcat
well temperatures and helium soil gas surveys sug-
gests that discontinuous subsurface hot-water reser-
voirs may be present in the Willow area and possibly
farther to the east. The hot water, whose presence is NONFUEL MINERALS
not yet confirmed, could be used for space heating
and agricultural purposes. This resource, if present,
would be related to a sedimentary basin with an ab-
normally high thermal gradient.
MAJOR EVENTS OF 1980 AND 1981
In early 1982, the Alaska Power Authority award-
ed a $4.7 million contract for preliminary geothermal
development on the flanks of Makushin Volcano on
Unalaska Island in the eastern Aleutian Islands (fig.
8). Makushin Volcano is a large, historically active
stratavolcano with a summit caldera. Recent work
there by the Alaska Division of Geological and
Geophysical Surveys has located eight fumarole
fields; hydrothermal reservoirs may exist near the
fumarole fields on the southeast flank of the
volcano. A detailed exploratory drilling plan is being
prepared that will include three shallow (about 1,500
feet) test holes and a deep test hole (estimated at
4,000 to 6,000 feet). The village of Unalaska and its
harbor, Dutch Harbor, constitute a major fishing
center of national significance and a potential user of
energy that might be generated from Makushin
Volcano, which is only 7 miles away.
REFERENCES CITED
Motyka, R. J., Moorman, M. A., and Liss, S. A., 1981, Assess-
ment of thermal spring sites, Aleutian Arc, Atka Island to
Becharof Lake-Preliminary results and evaluation: Alaska
Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys Open-File
Report 144, 173.
Motyka, R. J., Moorman, M. A., and Reeder, J. W., 1980,
Assessment of thermal spring sites in southeastern
Alaska- Preliminary results and assessment: Alaska Division
of Geological and Geophysical Surveys Open-File Report 127,
72 p.
Turner, D. L., and Forbes, R. B., 1980, A geological and geo-
physical study of the geothermal potential of Pilgrim Springs,
Alaska: Report to Division of Geothermal Energy, U.S.
Department of Energy, Cooperative Agreement
DE-FD07-79-ET-27034, 165 p.
Turner, D. I,., Forbes, R. B., Albane>e, Mary, Macbeth, Joyce,
Lockhart, A. B., and Seed, S. M., 1980, Geothermal energy
resources of Alaska: Report to Division of Geothermal
Energy, U.S. Department of Energy, Contract
DE-AS07-781-DO1720,19 p.
Turner, D. L., and Wescott, E. M., 1982, A preliminary investi-
gation of the geothermal energy resources of the Lower Susit-
na Basin: Report to Division of Geothermal Energy, U.S.
Department of Energy, Cooperative Agreement
DE-FC07-79-ET-27034, 50 p.
Mining activities and exploration for nonfuel
minerals have increased greatly in Alaska in the past
several years (Carnes, 1980, and Pittman, 1981, listed
with Selected References; Eakins, 1981, and Conwell
and Eakins, 1982, listed on p. 43). At least three fac-
tors contributed to this increase: (1) the resolution of
many land status questions, (2) discoveries of large
deposits of copper, molybdenum, zinc, and lead in
parts of the State previously poorly explored, and (3)
a dramatic increase in the price of gold. The revival
of gold mining in Alaska, spurred by the price
change, has been especially notable. The number of
people employed in gold mining has increased more
than tenfold, chiefly in small operations, but includes
a few operations with a large capital investment in
heavy equipment and milling facilities. The accelera-
tion in company exploration for other mineral com-
modities has been nearly as rapid. Total expenditures
for exploration have increased from approximately
$40 million in 1976 to more than $100 million in
198 1. Five companies estimate 1982 expenditures of
more than $10 million each. Similarly, the number of
active mining claims in Alaska has increased rapidly
in the last 5 years. More than 43,000 new claims were
filed in Alaska in 1981.
Many mineral deposits that have been known
previously are being intensively reevaluated. The
heavy investment in exploration also has been
spurred by recent public announcements of large
mineral deposits in widely separated areas of Alaska.
In northern Alaska, major deposits of zinc, lead,
silver, and barite (barium sulfate) occur in a belt at
least 120 miles long in the De Long Mountains of the
western Brooks Range and are localized in dark shale
and chert host rocks of mid-Paleozoic age. A belt
containing at least three major copper deposits ex-
!
tends for more than 100 miles along the southern
flank of the Brooks Range, where mineralization is
associated with felsic (light-colored) volcanic rocks.
In central Alaska, 55 million tons of high-grade
asbestos has been blocked out on Doyon Corpora-
tion Native lands near Eagle, and numerous placer-
and lode-gold properties are in development or pro-
duction. In southeastern Alaska, the project most
frequently in the news in 1980 and 1981 was the giant
Quartz Hill deposit east of Ketchikan, which con-
tains at least two billion pounds of molybdenum in
quartz monzonite porphyry. Similar host rocks occur
elsewhere in the Coast Range of southeastern Alaska;
for example, at Burroughs Bay northeast of Ket-
chikan and at Groundhog Basin east of Wrangell,
where they are the focus of considerable exploration
activity. The Greens Creek deposits of silver, lead,
and zinc on Admiralty Island west of Juneau are the
largest deposits yet discovered in a poorly known
regional province of late Paleozoic or early Mesozoic
metamorphosed volcanic rocks on Kupreanof, Ad-
miralty, and Kuiu Islands (Berg and Grybeck, 1980;
Berg and others, 1981, listed with Selected
References). The locations of these and other mineral
deposits are shown on figure 9.
ACTIVITY BY FEDERAL AGENCIES IN 1980 AND 1981
U. S. Geological Survey. -Three Geological
Survey programs have been designed specifically to
provide information about the mineral and energy
potential of Alaska for Congress, the Administra-
tion, and the public and private sectors to consider in
land-use, exploration, or development decisions.
These are the Alaska Mineral Resources Assessment
Program (AMRAP), work funded by the Office of
National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska (ONPRA),
and the Roadless Area Resource Evaluation (RARE
11) program.
The major purpose of AMRAP is to produce a
comprehensive assessment of the State's mineral and
energy endowment by the year 2000. To achieve this
broad objective, AMRAP functions on four levels.
The goal of Level I is to publish statewide summaries
of mineral potential. These summaries have been
completed for some time (Berg and Cobb, 1967;
Cobb, 1973; Clark and others, 1974; Cobb and
others, 1977, listed on p. 42-43) and will be updated
soon. The summaries necessarily depend upon
studies at progressively greater detail. Level 11 proj-
ects describe the potential of large regions of Alaska
at 1: 1,000,000 scale. During 1977 and 1978, reports
were completed for all regions except southeastern
Alaska (Eberlein and Menzie, 1978; Grybeck and
DeYoung, 1978; Hudson and DeYoung, 1978;
MacKevett and others, 1978, listed on p. 43); a
preliminary report for that area was issued in 198 1
(Berg and others, 1981, listed with Selected Refer-
ences), and final reports will be completed in the 1983
fiscal year. Level I11 studies, currently the main focus
of the program, are multidisciplinary. They apply
geology, geochemistry, geophysics, geochronology,
and remote sensing to produce mineral resource as-
sessments of 1 :250,000-scale quadrangles. Seventeen
quadrangles have been completed since the program
began in 1975, and an additional five are nearing
completion. Active field studies are under way in 12
quadrangles. Figure 10 shows the current status of
AMRAP studies. Level I11 studies are being carried
on in areas of high mineral or energy resource poten-
tial in the Killik River, Chandler Lake, and Wiseman
quadrangles of the central Brooks Range (including
Gates of the Arctic National Park); the Solomon and
Bendeleben quadrangles of the Seward Peninsula;
the Circle quadrangle of east-central Alaska; the
Healy and Mount Hayes quadrangles in the eastern
Alaska Range; the Ugashik, Karluk, Port Moller,
and Stepovak Bay quadrangles on the Alaska Penin-
sula; and the Petersburg and Juneau quadrangles of
southeastern Alaska.
Detailed studies of individual mining districts,
specific mineral deposits, or topics related to the for-
mation of deposits constitute Level IV of AMRAP
and provide much needed control for the areal
studies. Twenty-seven projects are continuing at this
level, including two studies of copper deposits in the
southern Brooks Range, and a study of placer gold
deposits in interior Alaska, the Alaska Range, and
the Seward Peninsula. Two Level IV projects are
studying the relations between processes that form
mineral deposits (metallogenesis) and those that
disrupt the enclosing host rocks into distinct geologic
entities (tectonostratigraphic terranes). One such
project is in the eastern Alaska Range and the other
in southeastern Alaska. These new concepts for
studying mineral deposits may yield ways to char-
acterize and explore for them. Many of the Level IV
projects involve cooperation with scientists from
other Federal agencies, State agencies, or Canadian
government agencies and from educational institu-
tions.
Figure 11 shows the coverage, by quadrangle, of
Alaska by mineral occurrence reports that have
resulted from or were instrumental in AMRAP work.
Recent studies funded by ONPRA, with Geologi-
cal Survey and Bureau of Mines participation, have
provided much new resource information about the
western part of the Brooks Range, particularly the
De Long Mountains and the North Slope (for exam-
ple, Curtis and others, 1980; Ellersieck and others,
1980; Lange and others, 1980; Jansons and Baggs,
1980; Jansons and Parke, 1981, listed with Selected
References.) Prospective areas for zinc, lead, silver,
and barite mineralization have been delineated on
both Federal lands in the NPRA and adjacent lands
that are open for exploration, Figures 12A and 128
show the locations of these cooperative project study
areas; table 6 lists the projects included.
A joint project of the Geological Survey and the
Bureau of Mines in the Prince William Sound-Kenai
70" 174" 171% 1168' 165" 162" 159"
CHBXcaI 51*
EXPLANATION
NONFUBL MINEBALS
'@ (COW w %; ~ty name fo~lowe.
Area of activity idustd by pattam.)
1 Molybdenum; t&&z Hill
2 Zinc, lead, dver, barium; Red Dog and Lik
3 SiIvq lead, zinc; Greem Creelr
4 copper, e-; Alyu
5 Gold; WillowCreekdjshict
6 zinc, lead, *, gold, oopper; Fadem Alaska Range
7 Gold; Nome aml central Akda
8 Gold; Golmoi L4goon (Sololrmn quadrangle)
Pt. Woroneot (Anchomge quwJm&)
ClUTICAL AND STRATEGIC MIN&BAIg
11 Coppa, phiinam, ~um;''SaH Chndr mine
I2 NiieI, ooppa, cnkdt; Bohemia Bash and Mirror Iiah~
I3 Nickel, Copper, COW Brad J G-
170" 168" 166" 164' 162' 1600 158" 156" 154" 134" 132" 130"
FIGURE 9. -Sites of important industrial activity for nonfuel, critical, and strategic minerals in 1980 and 1981.
FIGURE 12B. - Laations of areas studied in 1980 and 1981 by the Bureau of Mines for nonfuel, critical, and strategic mineral resources.
TABLE 6.-Ath3~i@fed titla brief descriptims of projects Peninsula region of southern ~l~~k~ is to produce by
whasestudy areas areshown in figures 12A and 12B. Thepat-
terns on the3gures distinguish resource assessment studies fiscal year 1983 a multidisciplinary mineral and
(such as AMRAP), areal studies, and projtxts undertaken energy resources assessment at 1:250,000 scale of 2.8
,ointlj, @ the ~.~..Cedo~icnl survey andthe~ureau @Mines million acres in the Chugach National Forest. This
area was selected for further planning by the Forest
Service under RARE I1 (fig. 124). Also in this area,
U.S. Geological Survey detailed studies of gold, copper, and molybdenum
1 ------ Pcterrburg quadrangle. occurrences are being conducted- for example, in
2-__--_so~thca~ter~~ Alaska gcotcctonics and metallmenesis. the Girdwood, Hope-Sunrise, Moose Pass, Passage
3 --_-__Alaska tinmolybdenum studies.
4-_----West Chichagof-Yakobi Wilderness study.
5 ------Alaska mafic and ultramafie rocks.
6 ----_- Chugach RARE I1 study.
7 ---__- Gochrrndq4y of Alaskan ac deposits.
8 Anchnrqc quadrangle,
J------V.Ldez quadrmgk.
lO----_Uglshik aed Karluk quadrangks.
1I-----UnalaHtet and Naton Bay qmdransles.
lZ-----Tin ccmmodity study.
13--__-Akska accrcted terrants.
14-----Mcdfra quadrangle.
15_____Ruby and Ophlr quadrangles.
16--_-_ Healy quadrangle.
17 Mi. Hayes quadrangle.
18-----Yukon and Tnnana area.
19_--__ Solomon and Bcndelekn quadrangles.
20 _--__ Yukon-Koyukuk transect.
21 _-__-Ahska gdd placers.
22 -----circle quadrangle.
23-----Ambler district ore genesis.
Canal-Port Wells, Knight Island-Latouche, Port
Valdez, and Ellamar areas-to determine size,
nature, and origin of specific mineral deposits. (See,
for example, Mitchell and others, 1981, listed with
Selected References). Between 1898 and 1930, lode
and placer gold production in the region was in ex-
cess of 250,000 troy ounces; minor placer mining has
continued until the present time, with an estimated
production of between 4,000 and 5,000 ounces in
1980 and 1981. Copper mines in the Prince William
Sound area produced more than 214 million pounds
of copper between 1900 and 1930, but there has been
no subsequent production.
Geological Survey and Bureau of Mines publica-
24-_---Survey Pass quadrangle.
25-__-- Wiseman quadranplc. tions resulting from these projects in 1980 and 1981
26-----~incral studies in the National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska. are listed with the selected references at the end of
27-----Killik River and Chandler Lab quadrangles.
28 ___--Eastern Alaska Range metallogenesis. this report.
Bureau of Mines. -The Bureau of Mines land as-
Burcau of Mines' sessment and minerals availability programs provide
29__---Tin and tungsten occurrences:
Beaver; HodZDna River area.
Bettles; Kanutl Rivcr area.
Charky River: VABM Bend area.
Coleen; Rapid River, Old Crow Hills, Porcupine prospects.
30-----Chrwnite, cobalt, and platinurn-group metals occurrences:
new information about the nonfuel mineral; poten-
tial of Alaska. The mineral land assessment Program - -
provides evaluations of minerals and the mineral
potential of Federal lands. Two studies recently com-
Mshcguk Marntain; Western Brooks Range (mafic and ultramanc
trend). pleted by the Bureau of Mines and the Geological
Ambler Rivcr: Bornite, RU~Y Creek copper deposits. Survey under the latter program were in the NPRA
Bettles; Kanuti River area.
Candlc; Koyuk area.
Nulato; Ruby-Pmrman area.
Cphir; Tolstoi area.
Goodncws Bay; Snow CWch and Gmdocws Bay meas.
Talkcetna; Knhiltna River area.
(~ansbns and Baggs, 1980; &sons and Parke, 1981,
listed with Selected References) and the West
Chichagof-Yakobi Wilderness study area (Still and
Weir, 1981, listed with Selected References). A third
Scldovia; Seldovir-Red kbuatain area.
Anchmagt; EklulnaChugach trend (m~~ultrunafic cmpkx). joint study, of the Chugach National FO~~~~RARE I1
valdcz; Spirit hntain dewit. area, will be completed in fiscal year 1983. (See Jan-
Mt. FPirwcathcr: Lituya Bay. *awe Pbt. B~&Y CJacier. Crw-La Sons, 1981, listed with Selected References.) Figure Perouse deposits (mafic-ultramaflc eompkx).
MI. Pairweather (SW corner); Mrrm hrba, Bobcmia Basin deposits. 12A S~OWS the 10~ationS of the project Study areas.
Skqway; Klukwan iron deposit (maficultramafic crmplex).
Juneau southeast to Prince Ruprt; Punter Bay, Jingk-Jangle and The Bureau's minerals availability program col-
Sumdum, Blashke Ieland. union B~Y. M. Burnett. salt chuck mine lects, summarizes, stores. and uvdates information
area. Sultana. Jumbo and seen b&stcr mints, DIJ~~ and Percy On OccurrenceS of minerd resources statewide. Islands. Yellow MU deposits.
pat Akxander; RC~ BIUR Bay. Snipe B~Y deposits. Mineral properties are identified, located, and
Charley River; Eagle area deposits.
Arctic; Eastern Brmks Range occurrcnccs.
Mt. Hayes and southeast: ChlstocMna River area.
selected for evaluation through the Bureau of Mines'
Minerals Industry Location System (MILS). Mineral
. .
Iditarod; Odden Horn, hit. ~~1st ~nd lnnoko area. mination on either a commodity or areal basis. The
I wrangle names indicate locntim of mineral occurrcnccs: a generalized basic information about the Property is coded by the
dcmit name fdlov~. evaluator for inclusion in the MILS computer data
bank. Figure 13 is a printout of current MILS data
for an Alaskan property and shows some kinds of in-
formation that can be found in the data bank. If it is
determined that sufficient reserves are contained on
the property, the deposit record is forwarded for a
Minerals Availability System (MAS) evaluation that
addresses the quantity and quality of the mineral sup-
ply, the definition of engineering and beneficiation
technologies for extraction and recovery of the
mineral commodity, the calculation of capital and
operating costs, and institutional restraints on
minerals availability. All resulting information is
stored in the Bureau of Mines' mainframe computer.
To meet its program goals, MAS uses a complex
computer and communications system that allows
mineral information to be rapidly stored, manipu-
lated, and retrieved. Figure 14 is a computer-plotted
map (here reduced to page size) showing the locations
of mineral deposits in Alaska. Information about the
availability and contents of computer-plotted maps
or printouts of MAS and MILS data can be obtained
from the Chief, Alaska Field Operations Center,
Juneau, Alaska.
The Bureau of Mines has recently completed
minerals evaluations for the NPRA; the Ramparts,
Yukon Flats, and Porcupine River areas; the
Chugach Mountains, Prince William Sound, and
Kenai Peninsula; and the western Chichagof and
Yakobi Islands areas. Reports resulting from the
evaluations and investigations in these areas during
1980 and 1981 are included in the section listing
selected Bureau of Mines references at the end of this
report.
The Bureau of Mines currently is working with the
University of Alaska and the State to update a map
series titled "Mineral terranes of Alaska" (University
of Alaska, 1979, listed on p. 43).
In addition, a Bureau of Mines minerals specialist
serves as a liaison between members of industry,
State agencies, and other Federal organizations for
mineral developments on Federal and non-Federal
land. He is responsible for providing Alaskan data
for the annual Bureau of Mines yearbook and other
national publications, and he is the Bureau's prin-
cipal public contact for information about minerals
in the State.
INDUSTRY ACTIVITY IN 1980 AND 1981
U.S. Borax and Chemical Corporation continued
drilling and development work at the Quartz
Hill molybdenum deposit 40 miles east of
Ketchikan. An agreement by U.S. Forest Service
and the State of Alaska was reached on the
preferred road corridor from the deposits to
tidewater. The deposit is reported to contain 2
billion pounds of molybdenum with a gross
value in excess of $18 billion (1981 prices). The
Geological Survey recently has completed
studies of the geochemistry, age, and composi-
tion of the intrusive rocks that are associated
with the deposit (for example, Hudson and
others, 1981). Pertinent reports are included in
the list of selected references at the back of this
report,
Cominco American carried on exploration and
development work at the Red Dog and Lik zinc,
lead, silver, and barite deposits in the De Long
Mountains of the western Brooks Range 90
miles north of Kotzebue. According to a com-
pany press release, preliminary drilling has
outlined deposits estimated to contain a
minimum of 85 million tons of material averag-
ing 17.1 percent zinc, 5.0 percent lead, and 2.4
ounces per ton of silver. The original report of
mineralization in the Red Dog area was made by
the Geological Survey in 1970 (Tailleur, 1970,
listed on p. 43); follow-up work by the
Geological Survey and Bureau of Mines projects
in the area have outlined additional prospective
areas. Pertinent recent releases are included in
the list of selected references. (See the reports
listed with discussion of work funded by
ONPRA.) The deposits occur on lands owned by
NANA Inc., a Native corporation, and are adja-
cent to park lands of the Noatak National
Preserve. An agreement for a mining feasibility
study has been completed jointly by Cominco
American and NANA.
Continued underground development work by
Greens Creek Joint Venture at the Greens Creek
silver, lead, and zinc deposit on Admiralty
Island 20 miles southwest of Juneau has
delineated 3 million to 4 million tons of high-
grade material with minor values of gold, cop-
per, and cadmium. Current in-place value (1981
prices) exceeds $800 million. Active Geological
Several important activities by industry were in- Survey studies in the area and in areas of similar
itiated or continued in 1980 and 1981. These are host rocks elsewhere in southeastern Alaska
briefly described below, and their locations are have generated preliminary reports (such as
shown in figure 9. Berg's article in Albert and Hudson, eds., 198 I),
DATE PRINTED: JAN 08, j981
DEPOSI T NAME : GRUB STAKE GVCCH SEO UENCE NUMBER : 0020 850110
MI NERALS AVAI LAB1 LIT Y SYSTEM
D EPOSI? LIST1 HG
STATE: ALAS HA
CDUYTY : ANCH @GAGE
TYgE OF 3PERATION: PLACER
CL'RREN 7 STAT US : PR OO'JCER
LbT:'VDE: N 6lCEG 45H!N 30SEC
L0WG:TUOE: W 14SOCG 25MIN 43SEC
UTM - ZCNE: 06
LQ HEMISPHEPE: NORrHERN
NORTH1 YG: 684945 0
EASTING 371005
PDIYr OF REFERENCE : CLAIM
P9ECIS ION: 5 HI LOMETERS
ELEYAT [0K: 716 ME TERS
PRECI 5 tOh: 10 METERS
EVALUATOR: M IRL-OW 8
>>>> MILS - DATA SET <<<<
(MINERAL 1NDUSTRY LOCATION)
MINE MAP REPOSITORY: TYPE OF PLANT: -
QUADRANGLE : ANCHo RAGE PLANT ICENT!FIER:
RIVER BASIN NAME: YEAR FIELD CHECKED:
YEAR OF INFORMATIOY ENTRY: 1978
RIVER BASIN CODE: MAINTb ~NING FIELD CENTER:
HYDRO LOGIC UNIT CODE: 1 905000 2 RLA SHA
DATUM OF ELEVATION: SEA LEVEL MINERAL PROPERTY FILE:
MAP NAME: 0-7 CORE L I BRAR Y :
SCALE: 15 WIN MINeS I CENT I FICAT ION: 5 000297
DOMAIN: STATE GEOiOClCIL SURVEY CRIB:
TYPE OF MINERAL HOLDINGS: LAST MILS MODIFICATION:
LOCATED CLAIM NOV 06. 1960
LAST DEPOSI T MOD1 FICATI ON:
NOV 06,' 1980
TYPE OF EVA LURTIOM: C
-PUBLI C LAND SURVE Y-
PRTN ClPAC MERIDIAN:
SEWARD
TOWNSHIP: 019 N
RANGE: 001 W
SECT I3N: 10
SECTION SUBOIVIS!ON:
SURVEY STATUS: GRIO
>>>> CWODITY - DATA SET <<<c
RECDRO N3. COM MOD I TY MOD1 FIER MAR KPTIBI LITY STANDARD IYDLISTR IAL CODE DATE OF LAST MODIFICATION
0 1 GOL 0 P LAC ER PRIMARY NOV 20. 1978
02 SILVER COP RODUCT NOb' 20. 1978
>>>> NnrrEsInLlEnnarE) - Dnrn SET <<.<
YI LLOW CREEK
WI L LDW GRUBSTAKE GULCH
>>>> UWNE RSHIP - DATA SET <<<<
RECORD
NO. NAME OF OWNER
01 MRAK PLACER MINE
02 BltL MRAK
X
PERCENT OF LOCATION OF
STATUS OWNER SHIP HOME OFF ICE
OPERATOR
OWNER
% USA ALASKA
X USA ALhSKA
YEAR OF DATE 0' LAST
INFORM. MOGIFI CArIWJ
FIGURE 13.-Sample listing from the Minerals Availability System of the Bureau of Mines.
DATE PRINTED: JAN 08, 1901
DEPOSl T NAME : GRU B STAKE GULCH
SET REFER ENCE
SET REFER ENCE
L INE NO.
LINE NO.
MI MERAcS AvAILABICIT Y SYSTEM
D EPOSIT L~STI NG
>>>> DEVELOPMENT - DATA SET <<<.
* * DEVE LDPMEN T SCHEDULE N OT ENT ERED *
>>>> COMMENTS - DATA SET <<<<
NO RECORD OF PRODUCTION. PROBABLY COMBINED WITH WILLUY CR.
NUMB ER OF MEN EMPLOYED 79061 6.4
NUMBER OF MEN EMPLOYED 801007=4
OWNE R-OPER ATOR ADDRESS :
MRAK PL4CEB MINE. BILL MRAK
BOX f 963
PALME R , &LA SKA 99 645
TELE : I907 ) 745- 3635
PAGE 7834
SEQUENCE NUMBER : 0020a50~20
>>>> BIBLIOGRAPHY - DATA SET <<<.
PAIGE AND XNOPF, 1907, P. 3t6-$16 (8314)
PAIGE AND KNOPF. 1907. P. 65-66 (6327)
BROOKS, 1910. P. 42 (8442)
BROOKS. 1911. P. 165 (P70)
KATZ. 7911 . P. 139. 150-151 I64801
CAPPS, 191 4. P. 250-253 (35921
*CAPPS, 1915, P. 52-54 (5607)
BROOKS. 19t5, P. 48 10622)
CAPPS, 191 6. P. 200 (8642)
SMITH, P. 5.. 1932. P. 31 (8624)
SMITH, P. 5.. 1933, P. 31 lee361
RAY, J. C.. 1933. P. 188. 226 IBB49-C)
SMITH, P. 5.. 1939, P. 44 (8910-A)
SMITH. P.S.. 1939, P. 41 (8417-1)
YOXHAM AND NELSON. t952. P. 5 (C104)
RAY. R. G.. 1954. P. 83 (31004)
JASPER, 1902. 2. 81
JASPER. 1306. P. 3 tGC 7)
COBB. 1972 . P. 12-13 ( OF50B)
COBB, 1972 IMF409)
COBB. t973. P. 19 (81374)
ALAS HA KAR DEK 085-032
ALAS KA KAR DEn 085-077
ALAS Rl KAR DE I 08 5-288
ALAS HA KAR OCX 085-307
ALASKA KAR OEX 085-332
ALAS IIA KAR DEll 0% 5-082
ALAS HA KAR OEX 085-2al
ALAS HA KAR OEl 065-330
ALAS HA KAR DEX 085-505
ALAS Kh KAR DEX 08 5-506
ALAS KA KAR OEX 08 5-507
RGURE 13.-Sample listing from the Minerals Availability System of the Bureau of Mines-Continued.
which are included in the list of selected Federal
publications at the end of this report.
Anaconda Copper Company has continued work
at the Alyu copper, zinc, silver, and barite
deposits 38 miles northwest of Haines. The
original report of mineralization in the Glacier
Creek area (MacKevett, 1971, listed on p. 43)
was published by the Geological Survey.
Development has been renewed at the Inde-
pendence lode gold mine in the Willow Creek
district of the Talkeetna Mountains 45 miles
northeast of Anchorage, including construction
of a mill, by Coronado Mining Company, The
Willow Creek district ranks second to the
Juneau district in total lode gold production in
Alaska, but little mining has been done there
since World War 11. The results of recent
Geological Survey and Bureau of Mines studies
in the area were published in 1978, and addi-
tional studies are being conducted.
Exploration and drilling of more than 30 prom-
ising zinc, lead, silver, and gold occurrences in a
400-square-mile area in the eastern Alaska
Range are being continued by the Anaconda
Copper Company and Resource Associates of
Alaska. Active Geological Survey and State of
Alaska projects in the area have resulted in
preliminary reports (for example, Lange and
others, 1981; Nockleberg and others, 1981,
listed with reports by Geological Survey authors
in non-Survey publications in Selected
References). Sixteen papers summarizing
geology, geochemistry, geophysics, and
metallogenesis studies were presented at a
Survey-sponsored public meeting in Anchorage
in March 1982.
There have been a revival of lode gold mining and
an "explosion" of placer gold activity on the
Seward Peninsula and in central Alaska,
especially Circle, Fairbanks, Livengood, Chan-
dalar, and Manley Hot Springs districts. Recent
total production is estimated at more than
128,000 ounces (or a value of more than $55
million at $430 per ounce). Gold refineries were
established in Fairbanks and Anchorage to han-
dle local placer gold. Studies of lode and placer
deposits in the Fairbanks district by the State of
Alaska are continuing, and statewide studies of
placer deposits by the Geological Survey have
been reported in professional meetings or brief
preliminary reports.
Three widely separated beach and offshore placer
gold deposits are at various stages of develop-
ment. About 20,000 acres in Golovnin Lagoon
approximately 65 miles east of Nome are being
tested by Goodwin Resources, Ltd. A $500,000
pilot recovery plant capable of handling 900 tons
of sand per day is being built on the beach near
Yakataga by Cusac Industries, Ltd., and Alaska
Gold Mines, Inc., of Vancouver, British Colum-
bia. Plans to use a large suction dredge to mine
550 acres of tidal and offshore tracts near Point
Woronzof in Cook Inlet adjacent to the An-
chorage International Airport have been an-
nounced by Cook Inlet Exploration and
Development. Geological Survey studies are
continuing in all three areas.
A joint announcement was made by WGM, Inc.,
and Doyon, Ltd., concerning asbestos reserves
in the Fortymile district near Eagle. Drilling on
Doyon Native entitlement lands has substan-
tiated at least 55 million tons averaging 6.35 per-
cent asbestos fiber. Current Geological Survey
studies in the region have identified favorable
targets for other commodities as well.
Mining company and Geological Survey geologists
did further exploration on the southern flank of
the western Brooks Range, extending the areas
of known copper, lead, zinc, and silver
mineralization at least an additional 50 miles
eastward. Several billion dollars (1981 prices)
worth of metals have been proven by drilling at
the four largest deposits (Bornite, Arctic Camp,
Sun, and Smucker). The strategic element cobalt
is present in significant quantities in at least one
of the deposits (Bornite), according to reports
presented at the Alaska Miners Association
meeting in Anchorage in October 1981 and at
the Northwest Mining Association meeting in
Spokane in November 198 1.
Most of the twelve Native regional corporations in
the State increased their mineral-related ac-
tivities. Some corporations have retained con-
sultants to evaluate their mineral resources and
have entered into leasing agreements, joint ven-
tures, or stock acquisition with various explora-
tion and development companies.
REFERENCES CITED
Berg, H. C., and Cobb, E. H., 1%7, Metalliferous lode deposits
of Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1246, 254 p.
Berg, H. C., Decker, J. E., and Abramson, B. S., 1981, Metallic
mineral deposits of southeastern Alaska: U.S. Geological
Survey Open-File Report 80-122, 145 p.
Clark, A. L., Berg, H. C., Cobb, E. H., Eberlein, G. D.,
MacKevett, E. M., Jr., and Miller, T. P., 1974, Metal prov-
inces of Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous in-
vestigations Series Map 1-834, scale 1:5,000,000.
Conwell, C. N., and Eakins, G. R., 1982, Mining sees steady
increase: Alaska Construction and Oil, January 1982, p.
28-32.
Cobb, E. H., 1973, Placer deposits of Alaska: U.S. Geological
Survey Bulletin 1374, 213 p.
Cobb, E. H., Dusel-Bacon, Cynthia, MacKwett, E. M., Jr., and
Berg. H. C., 1977, Map showing distribution of mineral
deposits (other than organic fuels and construction materials)
in Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 77-496,
1 sheet, scale 1:2,500,000.
Eakins, G. R.. 1981, Exploration in Alaska in 1980 below record
level but hopes for 1981: Western Miner, February 1981, p.
73-77.
Eberlein, G. D., and Menzie, W. D., 1978, Maps and tables
describing areas of metalliferous mineral resource potential of
central Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report
78-1-D, 43 p., 2 sheets, scale 1 :1,000,000.
Grybeck. Donald, and DeYoung, J. H., Jr., 1978, Map and tables
describing mineral resources potential of the Brooks Range,
Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 78-1-0, 18
p., 1 sheet, scale 1:1,000,000.
Hudson, Travis, and DeYoung, J. H., Jr., 1978, Map and tables
describing areas of mineral resources potential, Seward
i Peninsula, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report
78-1-C, 62 p., 1 sheet, scale 1:1,00O,M]O.
MacKevett, E. M., Jr., 1971, Analyses of samples and preliminary
geological summary of barite, silver, and base metal deposits
near Glacier Creek, Skagway B-4 quadrangle, southeastern
Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 71-195
(5001, 8 P.
MacKevett, E. M., Jr., Singer, D. A., and Holloway, C. D., 1978,
Maps and tables describing metalliferous mineral resource
potential of southern Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-
File Report 78-1-E, 45 p., 2 sheets, scale 1:1,000,000.
Tailleur, I. L., 1970, Lead-, zinc-, and barite-bearing samples
from the western Brooks Range, Alaska, with a section on
Petrography and mineralogy, by G. D. Eberlein and Ray
Wehr: U.S. Geological Survey Open-Fie Report 70-319
(4451, 16 P.
University of Alaska, Arctic Environmental Information and Data
Center, 1979, Mineral terranes of Alaska: 6 sheets at
1 :1,000.000 scale and a sheet of explanation. [Prepared under
contract to the Bureau of Mines.]
diverse geologic settings. Placer deposits of platinum
also occur, for example, near Goodnews Bay and in
the Ophir district, in streams that drain areas where
mafic and ultramafic rocks crop out. Lode tin and
tungsten deposits generally are located near the
borders of certain types of granitic intrusions and in
their contact rocks. Numerous placer occurrences of
tin occur in streams that drain lode deposits. Tin oc-
currences are widespread in central Alaska from the
Seward Peninsula to the Canadian border and also
may be present in the southern Alaska Range.
ACTIVITY BY FEDERAL AGENCIES IN 1980 AND 1981
U. S. Geological Survey. -The Geological Survey's
AMRAP, described more fully in the section on non-
fuel minerals, has three current projects that pertain
to critical and strategic minerals. The first is a Level
IV study of mafic and ultramafic rocks, with their
associated deposits of chromium, cobalt, nickel, and
platinum-group metals. Studies of mafic and
ultramafic rocks in the Glacier Bay National Park
have been completed recently (Himmelberg and
Loney, 1981, listed with Selected References begin-
ning on p. 45). Studies of discontinuous occurrences
in interior Alaska that spread more than 250 miles
from near Bettles to west of Ophir are continuing.
The second project is a tin commodity project that
gathers information on the numerous lode and placer
occurrences of tin in Alaska and refines the informa-
tion, when warranted, with additional field studies.
These two projects have resulted in recent reports,
which are listed in the Selected References section.
The third project, a continuing Level IV geological,
geochemical, and geophysical study of the Yukon-
Koyukuk region, has included detailed mapping and
sampling of tin-bearing granite intrusions in the
Hodzana Highlands of interior Alaska. In addition,
Level I11 resource assessments are being prepared for
the Goodnews Bay and West Chichagof-Yakobi
CRlT ICAL AND STRATEGIC MINERALS Islands regions, which contain known resources of
platinum and nickel-cobalt. resnectivelv. Areas of ac-
Alaska has significant potential for large deposits
of chromium, cobalt, nickel, platinum-group metals,
tin, tungsten, and other critical and strategic
minerals. These commodities have received increas-
ing study and exploration in the past 5 years, both
from the Federal Government and from private in-
dustry.
Economic concentrations of chromium, cobalt,
nickel, and platinum-group metals generally are
restricted to layered igneous mafic and ultramafic
rocks. These host rocks are widespread in Alaska in
, -
kity for these minerals are shown in figures 9, 12A
and 12B (in the nonfuel minerals section), and
reports about these projects' findings are in the
Selected References list at the end of this report.
Bureau of Mines.-The critical and strategic
minerals program of the Bureau of Mines currently
emphasizes cobalt, chromite, and the platinum-
group metals. In addition, preliminary studies of
tungsten and manganese occurrences in the Fortymile
district and tin occurrences near the trans-Alaska
pipeline recently have been completed. A preliminary
information circular on cobalt, chromite, and the
platinum-group metals was published by the Bureau
of Mines (Barker and others, 1981, listed with
Bureau of Mine reports in Selected References). The
circular gives summary descriptions of known and
potential deposits in southeastern Alaska, the Kenai
Peninsula, central Alaska, and the western Brooks
Range. Bureau of Mines evaluations of most of these
occurrences are continuing (Dahlin and others, 1981,
listed in the Selected References). Detailed investiga-
tions, including metallurgical studies, of chromite
and platinum-group metals in layered ultramafic
rocks of the Kanuti River region of central Alaska
are being carried out by the Bureau of Mines. Figures
9 and 12B show the areas of interest, and the perti-
nent reports are listed under the Bureau of Mines
heading in Selected References.
INDUSTRY ACTIVITY IN 1980 AND 1981
Following are highlights of industry activity.
Fox Geologic Consultants, of Vancouver, British
Columbia, drilled at the Salt Chuck Mine near
Kasaan, about 45 miles northwest of Ketchikan
on Prince of Wales Island. This mine produced
copper, platinum, and palladium ore from
sulfide lenses in ultramafic rocks from about
1907 to 1941.
Inspiration Development Company announced at
the annual convention of the Northwest Miners
Association in Spokane in November 1981 that
it had done additional exploration of the nickel-
copper-cobalt deposits at Bohemia Basin on
Yakobi Island and at Mirror Harbor on
Chichagof Island, 75 and 60 miles, respectively,
northwest of Sitka. Industry interest in the
Bohemia Basin deposits has been renewed
because the claim sites have not been included in
the designated wilderness area. The Mirror Har-
bor deposits are in the West Chichagof-Yakobi
Wilderness area created by ANILCA. Pre-
liminary reports of joint Geological Survey and
Bureau of Mines mineral-resources studies in the
area are scheduled for release in 1982.
The Brady Glacier nickel-copper-cobalt deposit
was surrounded by wilderness areas of the
Glacier Bay National Park of ANILCA, further
complicating development. Final Geological
Survey reports on petrology and geochemistry of
the host rocks for the deposit have been issued
(Himmelberg and Loney, 1981, listed with
Geological Survey reports in Selected
References). The Bureau of Mines is in-
vestigating other reported occurrences in the
area.
The chromite deposits in ultramafic rocks at Red
Mountain and Claim Point on the Kenai Penin-
sula south of Homer were drilled by the Anacon-
da Copper Company, as reported at the meeting
of the Alaska Miners Association in Anchorage
in October 1981. The deposits are owned by the
Chugach Native Association, a regional Native
corporation. A publication about the structure
and petrology of the Red Mountain ultramafic
body has been published by the Geological
Survey (Toth, 1981, listed with Selected
References .)
R. A. Hanson Mining Company has resumed
platinum placer mining at Goodnews Bay after a
5-year lapse. Previous mining operations pro-
duced more than 640,000 ounces of platinum,
and the remaining reserves are estimated at
500,000 ounces. The placers occur in ancient and
present channels in the valley of the Salmon
River and its tributaries that drain ultramafic
rocks exposed in Red Mountain. These deposits
are at present the only commercial source of
nonbyproduct platinum metals in the country.
Several Geological Survey studies have resulted
in preliminary reports on the area's geology
(Mertie, 1976; Hoare and Coonrad, 1979, listed
on p. 45). The Bureau of Mines is investigating
other reported occurrences in the area.
Tungsten concentrates were produced at the
Yellow Pup mine on Gilmore Dome, 15 miles
northwest of Fairbanks. Active exploration for
tungsten also has occurred in the Circle area,
which currently is being subjected to an
AMRAP Level I11 resource assessment by the
Geological Survey.
The Bering Straits Native Corporation acquired
the Lost River tin-fluorite deposits on the
Seward Peninsula. Industry interest in the
deposits and numerous analogs elsewhere in
west-central Alaska persists. Tin placer produc-
tion on the Seward Peninsula and in the Tofty
district, 100 miles west of Fairbanks, continues
year after year at about 100,000 pounds. Placer
tin occurs in many streams in central Alaska.
Regional resource appraisal by the Geological
Survey of potential mineral commodities con-
tinues in the Bendeleben and Solomon
quadrangles on the Seward Peninsula.
REFERENCES CITED Reports prepared by other Federal agencies on
Hoare, J. M., and Coonrad, W. L.. 1979, Geologic map of the their mineral-related studies are generally available
Goodnews and Hagemeister Island quadrangles region, through the agencies' Alaskan offices or at the
southwestern Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File J)~~~*~~~~ of the Interiorss ~l~~k~ Resources
Report 78-9-B, 1 sheet, scale 1:250,000.
Mertie, J. B., 1976, Platinum deposits of the Goodnews Bay Library, 701 C Street, Anchorage, AK 99513.
district, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper [Occasionally an date is not the same as the
938. 42 O. year of release. A very small number of the reports
v -- r~
listed here as having been released in 1980 or-1981
SELECTED REFERENCES, FEDERAL
PUBLICATIONS
The following lists of references published in 1980
and 1981 have to do with various aspects of mineral-
related activity by Federal agencies in Alaska. It is
not a complete list of publications of any agency. For
example, reports about the determination of earth-
quake epicenters, basic hydrologic data or research,
or bathyrnetry and geology of offshore areas are not
included, though that information may be important
to some phases of mineral investigations.
The U.S. Geological Survey regularly publishes its
findings in several types of reports. A monthly listing I titled "New Publications of the Geological Survey" is
available free from the Geological Survey, 329 Na-
tional Center, Reston, VA 22092; the contents of the
list are compiled annually into a free book titled
"Publications of the Geological Survey, [year] ."
Prices and addresses of the offices from which
reports can be obtained are given in the monthly
listings or are available at the Geological Survey's
Public Inquiries Offices. The Geological Survey's
Circulars 832-A and 843 list programs and projects
active in fiscal years 1980 and 198 1, respectively. Ac-
complishments for those years are described in Cir-
culars 844 and 868; the latter is in preparation at this
time.
The Bureau of Mines also publishes a variety of
reports describing the results of its investigations.
The Bureau of Mines' central distribution office is
the Branch of Production and Distribution, Division
of Publications, 4800 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh,
PA 15213. Many Bureau of Mines reports are
available through the U.S. Government Printing Of-
fice in Washington, D.C.; some are available
were actually published in the following year. It will
be possible to obtain these reports by calling for the
author, title, and report number, even if the year of
publication is not as shown here.]
U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, lge0
Pro fmional Papers
Bunker, C. M., Hedge, C. E., and Sainsbury, C. L., 1979 [1980],
Radioelement concentrations and preliminary radiometric
ages of rocks of the Kigluaik Mountains, Seward Peninsula,
Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1129-C,
p. CI-C12.
Foose, M. P., Menzie, W. D., Singer, D. A., and Hanley, J. T.,
1980, The distributions and relationships of grade and ton-
nage among some nickel deposits: U.S. Geological Survey
Professional Paper 1160, 14 p.
Hoffman. J. D., Brew, D. A., Forn, C. L., and Johnson, B. R.,
1979 [1980], Chemical variability of a metavolcanic rock unit
in the Tracy Arm-Fords Terror Wilderness study area,
Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1129-D,
p. Dl-D8.
Johnson, B. R., Forn, C. L., Hoffman, J. D., Brew, D. A., and
Nutt, C. J., 1980, Efficient stream-sediment sampling design:
An experiment at Tracy Arm, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey
Professional Paper 1129-E, p. El-E9.
Jones, D. L., Silberling, N. J., Csejtey, Btla, Jr., Nelson, W. H.,
and Blorne, C. D., 1980. Age and structural significance of
ophiolite and adjoining rocks in the Upper Chulitna district,
south-central Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Professional
Paper 1121-A, p. AI-A21.
Pan, Kuo-Liang, Overstreet, W. C., Robinson, Keith, Hubert,
A. E., and Crenshaw, G. L., 1980, Equivalent uranium and
selected minor elements in magnetic concentrate from the
Candle quadrangle, Solomon quadrangle, and elsewhere in
Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1135, 1 15
P.
U.S. Geological Survey. 1980, Geological Survey research 1980:
U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1 175, 459 p.
-
through the Technical Information Service Detterman, R. L., and Reed, B. I,.. 1980, Stratigraphy, structure, in Springfield, Va. The reports listed herein and an and economic geology of the Iliamna quadrangle, Alaska:
index of the publications about mineral investiga- U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1368-B, p. B1-B86.
tions in Alaska from 1911 to 1981 are in the Bureau
of Mines' Juneau library. For information about the Nutional Technical IrZformution Service (NTIS)
of these 'Ontact the Chief' Koch. R. D., O'Leary, R. M., and Risoli, D. A., 1980. Analytical Alaska Field Operations Center, BOX 550, Juneau, data from rock, stream-sediment, and stream-sediment heavy
AK 99802. mineral concentrate samples from Bradfield Canal
quadrangle, southeastern Alaska: NTIS PB-81 631, available
on magnetic tape.
1980, Analytical data from rock, stream-sediment, and
stream-sediment heavy mineral concentrate samples from
Bradfield Canal quadrangle, southeastern Alaska: NTlS
PB-81 649, 28 p.
Open-File Reports
Bartsch-Winkler, Susan, 1980, List of geologic maps in Alaska
published by the U.S. Geological Survey, post-1930; scales
1:20,MX) to 1:63,360 (through June 1980): U.S. Geological
Survey Open-File Report 80-1251, 15 p., 1 oversize sheet.
-1980, List of geologic maps in Alaska published by the U.S.
Geological Survey, post-1930; scales 1:%,000 to 1:250,000
(through June 1980): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File
Report 80-1252, 15 p., I oversize sheet.
Berg, H. C., 1980, The Alaska Mineral Resources Assessment Pro-
gram - Guide to information about the geology and mineral
resources of the Ketchikan and Prince Rupert quadrangles,
southeastern Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File
Report 80-794, 43 p.
Berg, H. C., and Grybeck, Donald, 1980, Upper Triassic
volcanogenic Zn-Pb-Ag (-Cu-Au) mineral deposits near
Petersburg, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report
80-527, 9 p., 1 oversize sheet.
Brew, D. A., and Morrell, R. P., 1980, Intrusive rocks and
plutonic belts of southeastern Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey
Open-File Report 80-78, 34 p.
Chleborad, A. F., Yehle, L. A., Schmoll, H. R., and Gardner, C.
A., 1980, Preliminary field geotechnical data and geophysical
logs from a drill hole in the Capps coal field, Cook Inlet
region, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report
80-393, 17 p., 2 oversize sheets.
Cobb, E. H., 1979 [1980], Summary of references to mineral oc-
currences (other than mineral fuels and construction
materials) in the Seldovia quadrangle, Alaska: U.S.
Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-87, 47 p.
1980, Summary of references to mineral occurences (other
than mineral fuels and construction materials) in the Kenai
and Tyonek quadrangles, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey
Open-File Report 80-86, 37 p.
1980, Selected Geological Survey, U.S. Bureau of Mines,
and Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys
reports and maps released during 1979, indexed by
quadrangle: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report
80-291, 103 p.
1980, Summary of references to mineral occurrences (other
than mineral fuels and construction materials) in the Mount
McKinley quadrangle, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-
File Report 80-363, 150 p.
1980, Summaries of data on and lists of references to
metallic and selected nonmetallic mineral deposits in fifteen
quadrangles in southwestern and west-central Alaska (Atka,
Attu, Bristol Bay, Chignik, Cold Bay, Hagemeister Island,
Mount Katmai, Naknek, Port Moller, Rat Islands, Saint
Lawrence, Stepovak Bay, Ugashik, Unalaska, Unimak): U.S.
Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-909, 103 p.
Cobb, E. H., and Csejtey, Baa, Jr., 1980, Summaries of data on
and lists of references to metallic and selected nonmetallic
mineral deposits in the Talkeetna Mountains quadrangle,
Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-716, 63
Cobb, E. H., and Eberlein, G. D., 1980, Summaries of data and
lists of references to metallic and selected nonmetallic mineral
deposits in the Big Delta and Tanacross quadrangles, Alaska:
U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 8C1086, 76 p.
Cobb, E. H., and Elliott, R. L., 1980 Summaries of data and lists
of references to metallic and selected nonmetallic mineral
deposits in the Ketchikan and Prince Rupert quadrangles,
Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-1053,
156 p.
Cobb, E. H., and MacKevett, E. M., Jr., 1980, Summaries of data
on and lists of references to metallic and selected nonmetallic
mineral deposits in the McCarthy quadrangle, Alaska: U.S.
Geological Survey Open-File Report 8C885, 156 p.
Cobb, E. H., and Reed, B. L., 1980, Summaries of data on and
lists of references to metallic and selected nonmetallic mineral
deposits in the Talkeetna quadrangle, Alaska: U.S.
Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-884, 106 p.
Cobb, E. H., and Richter, D. H., 1980, Summaries of data on and
lists of references to metallic and selected nonmetallic mineral
deposits in the Nabesna quadrangle, Alaska: U.S. Geological
Survey Open-Fie Report 80-927, 116 p.
Cobb, E. H., and Tysdal, R. G., 1980, Summaries of data on and
lists of references to metallic and selected nonmetallic mineral
deposits in the Blying Sound and Seward quadrangles,
Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-621,
284 p.
Curtin, G. C., Day, G. W., and Tripp, R. B., 1980, Histograms
and correlation table for selected elements in samples of the
ash of black spruce needles from the Tanacross quadrangle,
Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-655,22
P.
1980, Histograms and correlation table for selected samples
of the ash ground birch leaves in the Tanacross quadrangle,
Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-656,22
P.
Curtis, S. M., Ellersieck, I. F., Mayfield, C. F., and Tailleur, I.
L., 1980, Silver, copper, lead, and zinc stream-sediment
geochemical anomalies in Misheguk Mountain quadrangle,
Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-315, 1
oversize sheet.
Decker, John, 1980, Preliminary aeromagnetic map of
southeastern Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File
Report 79-1694, 1 oversize sheet.
-1980, Geologic map of western Chichagof Island,
southeastern Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File
Report 80-150, 2 oversize sheets.
Detterman, R. L., Allaway, W. H., Jr., O'Leary, R. M., Gruzen-
ski, A. L., Hurrell, J. T., and Risoli, D. A., 1980, Sample
location map and analytical data for rock samples collected in
1979, Ugashik and Karluk quadrangles, Alaska: U.S.
Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-142, 1 sheet.
Ellersieck, I. F., Curtis, S. M., Gruzenski, A. L., Mayfield, C. F.,
and Tailleur, I. L., 1980, Copper, lead, and zinc in stream-
sediment samples from the De Long Mountains quadrangle,
Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-795, 3
oversize sheets.
Gibson, H. A., and Tailleur, I. L., 1980, Map showing relation
between aeromagnetic data and geology, southern National
Petroleum Reserve in Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-
File Report 80-516, 3 oversize sheets.
Griscom, Andrew, 1980, Aeromagnetic interpretation of the Big
Delta quadrangle, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File
Report 78-529-B, 10 p., 2 oversize sheets.
Hackett, S. W., 1980, Aeromagnetic interpretation maps of the
Ambler River quadrangle, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey
Open-File Report 78-1204, 19 p., 3 oversize sheets.
Karl, S. M., Berg, H. C., Grybeck, Donald, and Abramson, B. S.,
1980, Preliminary map and tables describing metalliferous
and selected nonmetalliferous mineral deposits in the
Petersburg and eastern Port Alexander quadrangles, Alaska:
U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 8G793, 16 p., 4
oversize sheets.
King, H. D., Risoli. D. A., Cooley, E. F., O'Leary, R. M.,
Speckman, W. A., Spiesman, D. L., Jr., and Galland, D. W .,
1980, Final results and statistical summary of analysis of
geochemical samples from the Medfra quadrangle, Alaska:
U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-811-F, 134 p.
Koch, R. D., Elliott, R. L., O'Leary, R. M., and Risoli, D. A.,
1980, Trace-element data for stream-sediment samples from
the Bradfield Canal quadrangle, southeastern Alaska: U.S.
Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-9104, 172 p.
-1980, Trace-element data for stream-sediment heavy
mineral concentration samples from Bradfield Canal
quadrangle, southeastern Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey
Open-File Report 80-910-C, 68 p.
Mast, R. F., McMullin, R. H., Bird, K. J., and Brosgt, W. P.,
1980, Resource appraisal of undiscovered oil and gas
resources in the William 0. Douglas Arctic Wildlife Range:
U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-916, 62 p.
1 Miller, T. P., 1980, Uranium- and thorium-rich volcanic rocks of
the Sischu Creek area, Medfra quadrangle, Alaska: U.S.
Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-803, 8 p.
Molnia, B. F., 1980, Impact of coastal processes on resource
development with an example from Icy Bay, Alaska: U.S.
Geological Survey Open-File Report 79-1693, 13 p.
Patton, W. W., Jr., Moll, E. J., Dutro, J. T., Jr., Silberman, M.
L., and Chapman, R. M., 1980, Preliminary geologic map of
Medfra quadrangle, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-
File Report 80-81 1-A, 1 oversize sheet.
Reed, B. L., and Miller, T. P., 1980, Uranium and thorium con-
tent of some Tertiary granitic rocks in the southern Alaska
Range: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-1052, 15
P.
Schrnoll, H. R., Dobrovolny, Ernest, and Gardner, C. A., 1980,
Preliminary geologic map of the middle part of the Eagle
River valley, Municipality of Anchorage, Alaska: U.S.
Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-890, 11 p. 1 oversize
sheet.
Silberman, M. L., MacKevett, E. M., Jr., Connor, C. L., and
Matthews, Alan, 1980, Metallogenic and tectonic significance
of oxygen isotope data and whole-rock potassium-argon ages
of the Nikolai Greenstone, McCarthy quadrangle, Alaska:
U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-2019, 29 p.
Singer, D. A., Csejtey, BCla, and Miller, R. J., 1980, Map and
discussion of the metalliferous and selected nonmetalliferous
mineral resources of the Talkeetna Mountains quadrangle,
Alaska, U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 78-588-4,
33 p., 1 oversize sheet.
Singer, D. A., Menzie, W. D., DeYoung, J. H., Jr., Sander, M.,
and Lott, A., 1980, Grade and tonnage data used to construct
models for the Regional Alaskan Mineral Resources Assess-
ment Program: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report
80-799, 58 p.
U.S. Geological Survey, 1980, Aeromagnetic map of Afognak
Island and vicinity, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File
Report 8P57, 1 oversize sheet.
1980, Aeromagnetic map of the Chugach area, Alaska:
U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-58, 1 oversize
sheet.
Wilson, F. H., 1980, Late Mesozoic and Cenozoic tectonics and
the age of porphyry copper prospects, Chignik and Sutwik
Island quadrangles, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-
File Report 80-543, 102 p., 5 oversize sheets.
Witmer, R. J., 1980, Availability of palynomorph and foramini-
fera microscope slides from test wells of National Petroleum
Reserve in Alaska-Group 1: U.S. Geological Survey Open-
File Report 80-193, 21 p.
Zehner, R. E., Cobb, E. H., Nokleberg, W. J., and Albert,
N. R. D., 1980, Geologic bibliography of the Mount Hayes
quadrangle, Alaka: U.S. Geological Survey Open-Ale Report
80-513, 28 p.
Zuffa, G. G., Nilsen, T. H., and Winkler, G. R., 1980, Rock-
fragment petrography of the Upper Cretaceous Chugach ter-
race, southern Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File
Report 80-713, 28 p.
Miscellaneous Field Studies Maps
Brew, D. A., and Morrell, R. P., 1980, Preliminary map of
intrusive rocks in southeastern Alaska: U.S. Geological
Survey Miscellaneous Investigations Map MF-1048, I sheet.
Detra, D. M., and Cooley, E. F., 1980, Distribution and abun-
dance of copper in minus-80-mesh stream-sediment and non-
magnetic heavy-mineral-concentrate samples, Chignik and
Sutwik Island quadrangles, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey
Miscellaneous Field Investigations Map MF-1053-C, 2
sheets.
1980, Distribution and abundance of silver and arsenic in
minus-80-mesh stream-sediment and nonmagnetic heavy-
mineral-concentrate samples, Chignik and Sutwik Island
quadrangles, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous
Field Investigations Map MF-1053-G, 2 sheets.
1980, Distribution and abundance of bismuth, tin, and
tungsten in nonmagnetic heavy-mineral-concentrate samples,
Chignik and Sutwik Island quadrangles, Alaska: U.S.
Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Investigations Map
MF-1053-H, 2 sheets.
Detra, D. M., and Day, G. W., 1980, Distribution and abundance
of molybdenum in minus-80-mesh stream-sediment and non-
magnetic heavy-mineral-concentrate samples, Chignik and
Sutwik Island quadrangles, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey
Miscellaneous Field Investigations Map MF-1053-F, 2 sheets.
Detra, D. M., and Hopkins, R. T., 1980, Distribution and
abundance of lead in minus-80-mesh stream-sediment and
nonmagnetic heavy-mineral-concentrate samples, Chignik
and Sutwik Island quadrangles, Alaska: U.S. Geological
Survey Miscellaneous Field Investigations Map MF-1053-D,
2 sheets.
Detra, D. M., and O'Leary, R. M., 1980, Distribution and
abundance of zinc in minus-80-mesh stream-sediment and
nonmagnetic heavy-mineral-concentrate samples, Chignik
and Sutwik Island quadrangles, Alaska: U.S. Geological
Survey Miscellaneous Field Investigations Map MF-1053-E,
2 sheets.
Patton, W. W., Jr., and Miller, T. P., 1980, Bedrock geologic
map of Bettles and southern part of Wiseman quadrangles,
Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field In-
vestigations Map MF-492, 1 sheet.
Tripp, R. B., and Detra, D. E., 1980, Maps showing mineralogic
data for selected minerals in nonmagnetic heavy mineral con-
centrates of stream sediments in the Chignik and Sutwik
Island quadrangles, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey
Miscellaneous Field Investigations Map MF-1053-I,2 sheets.
Mkcelaneous Investigations Series
Reed, B. L., and Nelson, S. W., 1980, Geologic map of the
Talkeetna quadrangle, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey
Miscellaneous Investigations Series Map 1-1 174, scale
1:250,MX), 15 p., 1 sheet.
Oil and Gas Investigations Charts
Magoon, L. B., and Claypool, G. E., 1980, Vitrinite reflectance
and C1-C7 hydrocarbon data for South Simpson No. 1 well,
North Slope, Alaska: U.S. Oeological Survey Oil and Gas In-
vestigations Chart OC-92, 1 sheet.
-1980, Vitrinite reflectance and C1-C7 hydrocarbon data for
South Harrison Bay No. I well, North Slope, Alaska: U.S.
Geological Survey Oil and Gas Investigations Chart OC-93, 1
sheet.
1980, Vitrinite reflectance and CI-C, hydrocarbon data for
W.T. Foran No. 1 well, North Slope, Alaska: U.S. Geological
Survey Oil and Gas Investigations Chart OC-94, I sheet.
1980, Vitrinite reflectance and Cl-C7 hydrocarbon data for
West Fish Creek No. 1 well, North Slope, Alaska: U.S.
Geological Survey Oil and Gas Investigations Chart OC-95, 1
sheet.
1980, Vitrinite reflectance and CI-C7 hydrocarbon data for
North Kalikpik No. I well, North Slope, Alaska: U.S.
Geological Survey Oil and Gas Investigations Chart OC-96, 1
sheet.
1980, Vitrinite reflectance and Cj-C, hydrocarbon data for
Cape Halkett No. 1 well, North Slope, Alaska: U.S.
Geological Survey Oil and Gas Investigations Chart OC-97, 1
sheet.
1980, Vitrinite reflectance and CI-C7 hydrocarbon data for
Atigaru Point No. 1 well, North Slope, Alaska: U.S.
Geological Survey Oil and Gas Investigations Chart OC-98, 1
sheet.
1980, Vitrinite reflectance and CI-C7 hydrocarbon data for
South Barrow Nos. 14, 16, 17, and 19 wells, North Slope,
Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Oil and Gas Investigations
Chart OC-99, 1 sheet.
1980, Vitrinite reflectance and Cl-C7 hydrocarbon data for
Drew Point No. I well, North Slope, Alaska: U.S. Geological
Survey Oil and Gas Investigations Chart OC-100, 1 sheet.
1980, Vitrinite reflectance and CI-C, hydrocarbon data for
Kugrua No. 1 well, North Slope, Alaska: U.S. Geological
Survey Oil and Gas Investigations Chart OC-101, 1 sheet.
Johnson, K.M., and Williams, J.R., eds., 1979 [1980], The United
States Geological Survey in Alaska- Accomplishments dur-
ing 1978: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 804-B, p.
B1-B163. Following is a partial listing of contents:
Berg, H. C., Significance of geotectonics in the metallo-
genesis and resource appraisal of southeastern
Alaska: A progress report
Brew, D. A., Berg, H. C., and others, The Tertiary Kuiu-
Etolin volcanic-plutonic belt, southeastern Alaska
Brew, D. A., Grybeck, Donald, and Johnson, B.R.,
Summary of mineral resources, Glacier Bay Na-
tional Monument Wilderness study area, south-
eastern Alaska
Brew, D. A., and Morrell, R. P., Intrusive rock belts of
southeastern Alaska
Carter, R. D., and Lantz, R. J., Development and oper-
ation of gas fields in the Barrow area
Carter, R. D., and Madrid, R. J., Availability of NPRA
data
Churkin, Michael, Jr., Nokleberg, W. J., and Huie,
Carl, Tectonic model for the western Brooks Range,
Alaska
Csejtey, Bkla, Jr., Regional significance of tectonics of
the Talkeetna Mountains, south-central Alaska
Csejtey, %la, Jr., and Evarts. R. C., Serpentinite bodies
in the Willow Creek district, southwestern Talkeetna
Mountains, Alaska
Csejtey, Baa, Jr., and Nelson, W. H., Trondhjernite in
the Talkeetna Mountains. Alaska
Curtin, O. C., Crim, W. D., and others, Reconnaissance
geochemical studies in Alaska
Curtis, S. M., Rossiter, Richard, and others, Gamma-ray
values in the Misheguk Mountain region and in parts
of Barrow, Teshekpuk, and Harrison Bay
quadrangles, Alaska
Dickinson, K. A., Uraninite in sideritic nodules from
Tertiary continental sedimentary rocks in the Healy
Creek basin area, Alaska
Ellersieck, I. F., Mayfield, C. F., Tailleur, I. L., and
Curtis, S. M., Thrust sequences in the Misheguk
Mountain quadrangle, Brooks Range, Alaska
Grybeck, Donald, and Nokleberg. W. J., Metallogeny of
the Brooks Range, Alaska
Grybeck, Donald, and Brew, D. A., Mineral resource
evaluation method used in Glacier Bay National
Monument Wilderness study area, southeastern
Alaska
Hudson, Travis, Plutonism and regional geology in
southern Alaska
Huffman, A. C., and Ahlbrandt, T. S., The Cretaceous
Nanushuk Group of the western and central North
Slope, Alaska
Johnson, B. R., Miller, T. P., and Karl, Susan,
Uranium-thorium investigations of the Darby
pluton, Seward Peninsula, Alaska
Jones, D. L., Silberling, N. J., and others, Age and
structural significance of ophiolite and adjoining
rocks in the Upper Chulitna district, south-central
Alaska
Keith. T. E. C.. and Foster, H. L., Big Windy Creek hot
spring, Circle A-1 quadrangle, Alaska
Mayfield, C. F., Curtis, S. M., Ellerseick, I. F., and
Tailleur, I. L., The Ginny Creek zinc-lead-silver and
Nimiuktuk barite deposits, northwestern Brooks
Range, Alaska
Nelson, S. W., Nokleberg, W. J., Miller-Hoare, Martha,
and Mullen, M. W., Siniktanneyak Mountain
ophiolite
Nokleberg, W. J., Albert, N. R. D., and Zehner, R. E.,
The ophiolite of Tangle Lakes in southern Mount
Hayes quadrangle, eastern Alaska Range
Palmer, I. F.. Bolm, J. G., and others, Hydrocarbon
reservoir and source rock characteristics from
selected areas of western Alaska
Steele, W. C., Le Compte. J. R., and Albert, N. R. D.,
Landsat data interpretation for various AMRAP
quadrangles, Alaska
Throckmorton, M. L.. and Hummel. C. L., Quartzo-
feldspathic, mafic, and ultramafic granulites iden-
tified in the Kigluaik Mountains, Seward Peninsula,
Alaska
Zirnmeman, Jay, and Soustek, P. G., The Avan Hills
ultramafic complex, De Long Mountains, Alaska
Red, K. M., ed., 1980, The U.S. Geological Survey in
Alaska-1980 programs: U.S. Geological Survey Circular
823-A, p. A1-A112.
Publications by Geological Survey authors in non-Survey jour~als
and books
Beck, Myrl, Cox, Allen, and Jones, D. L., 1980, Mesozoic and
Cenozoic microplate tectonics of western North America;
Penrose Conference Report: Geology, v. 8, no. 9, p. 454-456.
Case, J. E., 1980, Magnetic expression and mineralization of some
Tertiary plutons of Prince William Sound and the Alaska
Peninsula, southern Alaska labs.]: Geological Society of
America Abstracts with Programs, v. 12, no. 3, p. 101.
Churkin, Michael, Jr., Carter, Claire, and Trexler, J. H., Jr.,
1980, Collisiondeformed Paleozoic continental margin of
Alaska-Foundation for microplate accretion: Geological
Society of America Bulletin, pt. 1, v. 91, no. 11, p. 648-654.
Churkin, Michael, Jr., Nokleberg, W. J., and Huie, Carl, 1980,
Collision-deformed continental margin, westwn Brooks
Range, Alaska: Geology, v. 7, no. 8, p. 379-383. [See also
comments on this article and replies in Geology, v. 8, no. 8.1
Coney, P. J., Silberling, N. J., and Jones, D. L., 1980, Accretion-
ary tectonic styles in the Alaska Range [abs.]: Eos (American
Geophysical Union Transactions), v. 61, no. 46, p. 1114.
Csejtey, BBa, Jr., Foster, H. L., and Nokleberg, W. J., 1980,
Cretaceous accretion of the Talkeetna superterrane and subse-
quent development of the Denali fault in south-central and
eastern Alaska [abs.]: Geological Society of America
Abstracts with Programs, v. 12, no. 7, p. 409.
Decker, John, Wilson, F. H., and Turner, D. L., 1980, Mid-
Cretaceous subduction in southeastern Alaska [abs.]:
Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, v.
12, no. 3, p. 103.
Dickinson, K. A., 1980, Uranium in Tertiary sediments in Alaska
labs.]: American Association of Petroleum Geologists
Bulletin, v. 64, no. 5, p. 698.
Gryc, George, and Bowsher, A. L., 1980, Petroleum exploration
of the National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska (NPRA) 1abs.J:
American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, V.
64, no. 5, p. 715-716.
Hein, J. R., and McLean, Hugh, 1980, Reconnaissance geology
of Atka Island, central Aleutian Islands, Alaska [abs.]:
Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, v.
12, no. 3, p. 110.
Himmelberg, G. R., and Loney, R. A., 1980, Petrology of ultra-
mafic and gabbroic rocks of the Brady Glacier nickel-copper
deposit, southeastern Alaska [abs]: Geological Society of
America Abstracts with Programs, v. 12, no. 3, p. 11 1-1 12.
Himmelberg, G. R., and Miller, T. P., 1980, Uranium- and
thorium-rich vesuvianite from the Seward Peninsula, Alaska:
American Mineralogist, v. 65, no. 9-10, p. 1020-1025.
Lange, I. M., Nokleberg, W. J., Plahuta, J. T., Krouse, H. R.,
Doe, B. R., and Jansons, Uldis, 1980, Geochemistry of
volcanogenic zinc-lead-barium deposits, northwestern Brooks
Range, Alaska [abs]: Geological Society of America Abstracts
with Programs, v. 12, no. 3, p. 116.
Lantz, R. J., 1980, Barrow gas fields, North Slope, Alaska [abs,]:
American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v.
64, no. 5, p. 737.
MacKevett, E. M., Jr., Armstrong, A. K., Potter, R. W., 11, and
Silberman, M. L., 1980, Kennecott-type copper deposits,
Wrangell Mountains, Alaska-an update and summary
[abs.]: Geological Society of America Abstracts with Pro-
grams, v. 12, no. 3, p. 117.
Magoon, L. B., and Claypool, G. E., 1980, Two oil types on
North Slope of Alaska-Implications for future exploration:
Institut Francais du Pktrole Revue, v. 35, no. 2, p. 245-256.
Menzie, W. D., and Singer, D. A., 1980, Some quantitative
properties of mineral deposits, in Meyer, R. F., and Carman,
J. S., eds., The future of small-scale mining: New York,
United Nations Institute for Training and Research
(UNITAR), p. 27-34.
Mitchell, P. A.. Silberman, M. L., and O'Neill, J. R., 1980, Gold
vein mineralization, north-central Kenai Peninsula, Alaska
[abs.]: Geological Society of America Abstracts with Pro-
grams, v. 12, no. 3, p. 142.
Molenaar, C. M., 1980, Cretaceous stratigraphy, Chignik area,
Alaska Peninsula, Alaska [abs.]: American Association of
Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 64, no. 5, p. 752.
Molenaar, C. M., and Bird, K. J., 1980, Stratigraphic relations of
Nanushuk Group (Middle Cretaceous) and associated strata,
North Slope of Alaska [abs.]: American Association of
Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 64, no. 5, p. 752-753.
Mull, C. G., 1980. Evolution of Brooks Range thrust belt and
Arctic Slope, Alaska [abs.]: American Association of
Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v, 64, no. 5, p. 754-755.
Nilsen, T. H., Brosgt, W. P., Dutro, J. T., Jr., and Moore, T. E.,
1980, The Kanayut Conglomerate, a major Upper Devonian
delta complex, Brooks Range, northern Alaska [abs]:
Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, v.
12, no. 7, p. 492.
Nilsen, T. H., Moore, T. E., Dutro, J. T., Jr., and Brosgi, W. P.,
1980, Sedimentology of fluvial Upper Devonian Kanayut
Conglomerate, Brooks Range, Alaska labs.]: American
Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 64, no. 5, p.
758.
Nokleberg, W. J., Albert, N. R. D., Herzon, P. L., and Zehner,
R. E., 1980, Accreted Andean-type arc and island-arc terranes
in southern Mount Hayes quadrangle, eastern Alaska Range,
Alaska [abs.]: Oeological Society of America Abstracts with
Programs, v. 12, no. 3, p. 145.
Plafker, George, and Hudson, Travis, 1980, Regional implications
of Upper Triassic metavolcanic and metasedimentary rocks
on the Chilkat Peninsula, southeastern Alaska: Canadian
Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 17, no. 6, p. 681-689.
Till, A. B., 1980, Crystalline rocks of the Kigluaik Mountains,
Seward Peninsula, Alaska: Seattle, University of Washing-
ton, M. Sc. thesis, 97 p.
U.S. Geological Survey, 1980, [Numerous reports about seismic,
paleontological, velocity, and well-log data and summary
reports on the National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska]: Na-
tional Geophysical and Solar-Terrestrial Data Center fliers.
Wilson, F. H., 1980, Late Mesozoic and Cenozoic tectonics and
the age of porphyry copper prospects, Chignik and Sutwik
Island quadrangles, Alaska Peninsula: Hanover, N.H., Dart-
mouth College, Ph. D. thesis, 177 p.
Winkler, G. R., Miller, R. J., and Case, J. E., 1980, Blocks and
belts of blueschist and greenschist in the Valdez quadrangle,
Chugach Mountains, southern Alaska [abs.]: Geological
Society of America Abstracts with Programs, v. 12, no. 3, p.
160.
Yeend, Warren, 1980, Placer gold deposits, Mount Hayes quad-
rangle, Alaska [abs.]: Geological Society of America
Abstracts with Programs, v. 12, no. 3, p. 161.
Yearbook
U.S. Geological Survey, 1980, United States Geological Survey
yearbook, fiscal year 1979, 169 p.
U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, 1981
Pro fessional Papers
Himmelberg, G. R., and Loney, R. A., 1981, Petrology of the
ultramafic and gabbroic rocks of the Brady Glacier nickel-
copper deposit, Fairweather Range, southeastern Alaska:
U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1195, 26 p.
Keith, T. E., Foster, H. L., Foster, R. L., Post, E. V., and
Lehmbeck, W. L., 1981, Geology of an alpine-type peridotite
in the Mount Sorenson area, east-central Alaska: U.S.
Geological Survey Professional Paper 1170-A, p. A1-A9.
Bulletins
Miller, T. P., [1983?], Geology of uraniferous alkaline dikes and
associated uranium occurrences in the southeastern Seward
Peninsula, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1530 (in
press; approved in 1981).
Open-File Reports
Affolter, R. H., Simon, F. O., and Stricker, G. D., 1981,
Chemical analyses of coal from the Healy, Kenai, Seldovia,
and Utukok River 1:250,000 quadrangles, Alaska: U.S.
Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-654, 89 p.
Bartsch-Winkler, Susan, and Huffman, A. C., 1981, Petrography
of the Nanushuk Group and Torok Formation: U.S.
Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-1222, 62 p.
Berg, H. C., Decker, J. E., and Abramson, B. S., 1981, Metallic
mineral deposits of southeastern Alaska: U.S. Geological
Survey Open-File Report 81-122, 136 p., 1 oversize sheet.
Bird, K. J., 1981, Petroleum exploration of the North Slope in
Alaska, U.S.A.: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report
81-227, 43 p.
1981, Machine-generated displays of well logs and lithology
from selected wells on the North Slope of Alaska- 10 wells
from the western part of the National Petroleum Reserve in
Alaska (NPRA): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report
81-1032, 6 p., 10 oversize sheets.
-1981, Machine-generated displays of well logs and lithology
from selected wells on the North Slope of Alaska-26 wells
from the northern part of the National Petroleum Reserve in
Alaska (NPRA): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report
81-1033, 6 p., 26 oversize sheets.
1981, Machine-generated displays of well logs and lithology
from selected wells on the North Slope of Alaska- l l wells
from the southeastern part of the National Petroleum Reserve
in Alaska (NPRA): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report
81-1034, 6 p., 11 oversize sheets.
1981, Machine-generated displays of well logs and lithology
from selected wells on the North Slope of Alaska- 15 wells
from the southeastern part of the National Petroleum Reserve
in Alaska (NPRA): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report
81-1035, 6 p., 15 oversize sheets.
1981, Machine-generated displays of well logs and lithology
from selected wells on the North Slope of Alaska-7 wells
from the east-central North Slope: U.S. Geological Survey
Open-File Report 81-1036, 7 p., 6 oversize sheets.
Bolrn, J. G., 1981, Preliminary unevaluated map (1976) showing
amounts of uplift in lower Cook Inlet, Alaska: U.S.
Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-324, 1 oversize sheet.
Bowsher, A. L., ed., 1981, Proceedings of a workshop on clath-
rates (gas hydrates) in the National Petroleum Reserve in
Alaska, July 16-17, Menlo Park, California: U.S. Geological
Survey Open-File Report 81-1298, 165 p.
Bowsher, A. L., and Tailleur, I. L., 1981, Availability of petro-
graphic thin-section slides from the Fortress Mountain For-
mation, central North Slope, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey
Open-File Report 81-1094, 7 p.
1981, Availability of cores, cuttings, and petrographic thin-
section slides from the Ellesmerian strata of 16 test wells, Na-
tional Petroleum Reserve in Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey
Open-File Report 81-1 171, 5 p.
Bowsher, A. L., Tailleur, I. L., and Gibson, H. A., 1981, Avail-
ability of petrographic thin sections from thirty-five wells
from National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska, North Slope,
Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-1307, 8
P.
Brosgt, W. P., Reiser, H. N., Dutro, J. T., Jr., and Detterman,
R. L., 1981, Organic geochemical data for Mesozoic and
Paleozoic shales, central and eastern Brooks Range, Alaska:
U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-551, 17 pl., 2
oversize sheets.
Cameron, C. C., Malterer, T. J., Rawlinson, S. E., and Hardy,
S. B., 1981, Surficial geology and peat resources of the
Houston area, Susitna valley, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey
Open-File Report 81-1301, 2 oversize sheets.
1981, Surficial geology and peat resources of the Rogers
Creek area, Susitna valley, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey
Open-File Report 81-1302, 3 oversize sheets.
Camp Dresser & McKee, Inc., 1981, Permit requirements for
energy and other natural rcsources for the State of Alaska:
U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-1249, 91 p.
Cobb, E. H., 1981, Summaries of data on and lists of references
to metallic and selected nonmetallic mineral occurrences in
the Skagway quadrangle, Alaska- Supplement to Open-File
Report 78-316, Part A, Summaries of data to January 1,
1980: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-82-A, p.
Al-AIO.
1981, Summaries of data on and lists of references to
metallic and selected nonmetallic mineral occurrences in the
Skagway quadrangle, Alaska-Supplement to Open-File
Report 78-316, Part B, Lists of references to January 1, 1980:
U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81 -82-B, p. B1-B9
1981, Summaries of data and lists of references to metallic
and selected nonmetallic mineral occurrences in the Mount
Fairweather quadrangle, Alaska-Supplement to Open-File
Report 78-316, Part A, Summaries of data to January 1,
1980: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-249-A, p.
Al-A20.
-1981, Summaries of data and lists of references to metallic
and selected nonmetallic mineral occurrences in the Mount
Fairweather quadrangle, Alaska-Supplement to Open-File
Report 78-316, Part B, Lists of references to January 1, 1980:
U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-249-8, p.
B1-B15.
-1981, Summaries of data on and lists of references to
metallic and selected nonmetallic mineral occurrences in the
Bendeleben quadrangle, Alaska-Supplement to Open-File
Report 75-429, Part A, Summaries of data to January 1,
1980: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-363-A, p.
At-A25.
1981, Summaries of data on and lists of references to
metallic and selected nonmetallic mineral occurrences in the
Bendeleben quadrangle, Alaska-Supplement to Open-File
Report 75-429, Part B, Lists of references to January 1, 1980:
U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-363-B, p.
Bl-B26.
i 1981, Summaries of data on and lists of references to
metallic and selected nonmetallic occurrences in the Teller
quadrangle, Alaska-Supplement to Open-File Report
75-587, Part A, Summaries of data to January 1, 1980: U.S.
Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-364-A, p. A1-A25.
1981, Summaries of data on and lists of references to
metallic and selected nonmetallic mineral occurrences in the
Teller quadrangle, Alaska - Supplement to Open-File Report
75-587, Part B, Lists of references to January 1. 1980: U.S.
Geological Survey Open-File Report 8 1 -364-B, p. B1 -B25.
1 - 1981, Selected Geological Survey, U.S. Bureau of Mines,
and Alaska Division of Geologic and Geophysical Survey
reports and maps on Alaska released during 1980, indexed by
quadrangle: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report
81-442, 164 p.
1981, Summaries of data on and lists of references to
metallic and selected nonmetallic mineral occurrences in the
Solomon quadrangle, Alaska-Supplement to Open-File
Report 78-181, Part A, Summaries of data to January I,
1981: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-504-A, p.
At-A30.
1981, Summaries of data on and lists of references to
metallic and selected nonmetallic mineral occurrences in the
Solomon quadrangle, Alaska-Supplement to Open-File
Report 78-181, Part B, Lists of references to January 1, 1981:
U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-504-8, p.
B1-B36.
1981, Summaries of data on and lists of references to
metallic and selected nonmetallic mineral occurrences in the
Wiseman quadrangle, Alaska-Supplement to Open-File
Report 76-340, Part A, Summaries of data to January I,
1981: U.S. Geological SUI-vey Open-File Report 81-732-A, p.
AI-A21.
1981, Summaries of data on and lists of references to
metallic and selected nonmetallic mineral occurrences in the
Wiseman quadrangle, Alaska-Supplement to Open-File
Report 76-340, Part B, Lists of references to January 1, 1981:
U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-732-B, p.
B1-B21.
1981, Summaries of data on and lists of references to
metallic and selected nonmetallic mineral occurrences in the
Tanana quadrangle, Alaska-Supplement to Open-File
Report 77-432, Part A, Summaries of data to June 1, 1981:
U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-1 31 3-A, p.
A1-A23.
1981, Summaries of data on and lists of references to
metallic and selected nonmetallic mineral occurrences in the
Tanana quadrangle, Alaska-Supplement to Open-File
Report 77-432, Part B, Lists of references to Jude 1, 1981:
U .S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-1 3 13-B, p.
B1-B26.
1981, Summaries of data on and lists of references to
metallic and selected nonmetallic occurrences in the
Livengood quadrangle, Alaska - Supplement to Open-File
Report 76-819, Part A, Summaries to August 1, 1981: U.S.
Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-1342-A, p. AI-A48.
1981, Summaries of data on and lists of references to
metallic 'and selected nonmetallic occurrences in the
Livengood quadrangle, Alaska-Supplement to Open-File
Report 76-819, Part B, Lists of references to August 1, 1981:
U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-1342-B, p.
Bl-B54.
Cobb, E. H., and Chapman, R. M., 1981, Mineral occurrences
(other than mineral fuels and construction materials) in the
Kantishna River and Ruby quadrangles, Alaska: U.S.
Geological Survey Open-File Report 8 1-170, 94 p.
Cobb, E. H., and Mayfield, C. F., 1981, Summaries of data on
and lists of references to metallic and selected nonmetallic
mineral occurrences in the Ambler River quadrangle,
Alaska-Supplement to Open-File Report 75-628, Part A,
Summaries of data to January 1, 1981: U.S. Geological
Survey Open-File Report 81-570-A, p. A1 -A13.
-1981, Summaries of data on and lists of references to
metallic and selected nonmetallic mineral occurences in the
Ambler River quadrangle, Alaska-Supplement to Open-File
Report 75-638, Part B, Lists of references to January 1, 1981:
U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-570-B, p.
81-811.
Cobb, E. H., Mayfield, C. F., and Brosgt, W. P., 1981,
Summaries of data on and lists of references to metallic and
selected nonmetallic mineral occurrences in Arctic, Baird
Mts., Chandler Lake, De Long Mts., Demarcation Pt.,
Howard Pass, Misheguk Mtn., Mt. Michelson, Noatak, Point
Lay, and Table Mtn. quadrangles, Alaska-Supplement to
Open-File Report 75-628, Part A, Summaries of data to
January 1, 1981 : U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report
81-767-A, p. A1-A24.
-1981, Summaries of data on and lists of references to
metallic and selected nonmetallic mineral occurrences in Arc-
tic, Baird Mts., Chandler Lake, De Long Mts., Demarcation
Pt., Howard Pass, Misheguk Mtn., Mt. Michelson, Noatak,
Point Lay, and Table Mtn. quadrangles, Alaska-Supplement
to Open-File Report 75628, Part B, Lists of references to
January 1, 1981: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report
81-767-B, p. 91-B14.
Cobb, E. H., and Miller, T. P., 1981, Summaries of data on and
lists of references to metallic and selected nonmetallic mineral
occurrences in the Hughes, Kotzebue, Melozitna, Selawik,
and Shungnak quadrangles, west-central Alaska-Supple-
ment to Open-File Report 75-627, Part A, Summaries of data
to January 1, 1981: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report
81-847-A, p. A1-A13.
1981, Summaries of data on and lists of references to
metallic and selected nonmetallic mineral occurrence in the
Hughes, Kotzebue, Melozitna, Selawik, and Shungnak
quadrangles, west-central Alaska - Supplement to Open-File
Report 75-627, Part B, Lists of references to January 1, 1981:
U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-847-B, p.
BI-B13.
Cobb, E. H., and Reed, B. L., 1981, Summaries of data on and
lists of references to metallic and selected nonmetallic mineral
occurrences in the Iliamna, Lake Clark, Lime Hills, and
McQrath quadrangles, Alaska-Supplement to Open-File
Report 76-485, Part A, Summaries to January 1, 1981: U.S.
Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-1343-A, p. A1-A25.
1981, Summaries of data on and lists of references to
metallic and selected nonmetallic mineral occurrences in the
Iliamna, Lake Clark, Lime Hills, and McGrath quadrangles,
Alaska-Supplement to Open-File Report 76-485, Part B,
Lists of references to January 1, 1981: U.S. Geological Survey
Open-File Report 81-1343-8, p. 81-820.
Decker, John, Mullen, M. W., and Schwab, C. E., 1981,
Aeromagnetic profile of southeastern Alaska: U.S.
Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-505, 1 oversize sheet.
Detra, D. E., Risoli, D. A., O'Leary, R. M., Hurrlee, J. A., and
Everman, W. E., 1981, Analytical data and statistical sum-
mary from the analyses of stream-sediment and heavy-
mineral-concentrate samples collected in Bristol Bay,
Ugashik, and Karluk quadrangles, Alaska: U.S. Geological
Survey Open-File Report 81-963, 88 p., 3 oversize sheets.
Detterman, R. L., Allaway, W. H., Jr., O'Leary, R. M., Houston,
David, and Risoli, D. A., 1981, Sample location map and
analytical data for rock samples collected in 1980, Ugashik
and Karluk quadrangles, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey
Open-File Report 81-173, 1 oversize sheet.
Detterman, R. L., Allaway, W. H., Jr., and Rossiter, R. H., 1981,
Locality map and scintillometer data for Ugashik and Karluk
quadrangles: U.S. Geological Suwey Open-File Report
81-253, 1 oversize sheet.
Dickinson, K. A., and Roberts, M. E., 1981, Summary of radio-
metric anomalies in Alaska-Collected under contract with
U.S. Department of Energy: U.S. Geological Survey Open-
File Report 81-428, 1 oversize sheet.
Dolton, G. L., and others, 1981, Estimates of undiscovered re-
coverable resources of conventionally producible oil and gas
in the United States-A summary: U.S. Geological Survey
Open-File Report 81-192, 17 p.
Duffield, W. A., and Guffanti, Marianne, 1981, The Geothermal
Research Program of the U.S. Geological Survey: U.S.
Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-564, 105 p.
Fisher, M. A., Patton, W. W., Jr., and Holmes, M. L., 1981,
Geology and petroleum potential of the Norton Basin area,
Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-1316,
51 p.
Gibson, H. A., and Bowsher, A. L., 1981, Availability of formini-
fera and palynomorph reports from shothole samples of Na-
tional Petroleum Reserve in Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey
Open-File Report 81-1340, 3 p.
Gough, L. P., and Severson, R. C., 1981, Element concentrations
in rehabilitation species from thirteen coal strip mines in five
western States and Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File
Report 81-182, 110 p.
Hein, J. R., McLean, Hugh, and Vallier, T. L., 1981, Reconnais-
sance geologic map of Atka and Amlia Islands, Alaska: U.S.
Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-159, 1 oversize sheet.
Hessin, T. D., and Crenshaw, G. L., 1981 [1982], Geochemical
map showing the distribution and abundance of sulfate and
fluoride in unfiltered water samples in the West Chichagof-
Yakobi Wilderness study area, Sitka quadrangle, southeast-
ern Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report
81-27-P, 1 sheet.
Hessin, T. D., and Day, G. W., 1981 [1982], Qeochemical map
showing the distribution and abundance of cobalt, chromium,
and nickel in the nonmagnetic heavy-mineral concentrate
samples in the West Chichagof-Yakobi Wilderness study area,
Sitka quadrangle, southeastern Alaska: U.S. Geological
Survey Open-File Report 81-27-T, 1 sheet.
Hessin, T. D., and Hoffman, J. D., 1981 [1982], Geochemical
map showing the distribution and abundance of cobalt,
chromium, and nickel in stream-sediment samples in the West
Chichagof-Yakobi Wilderness study area, Sitka quadrangle,
southeastern Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File
Report 81-27-R, 1 sheet.
Hessin, T. D., Everman, W. K., and Crenshaw, G. L., 1981
[1982], Map showing stream-sediment samples in the West
Chichagof-Yakobi Wilderness study area, Sitka quadrangle,
southeastern Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File
Report 81-27-M, 1 sheet.
-1981 [1982], Geochemical map showing the distribution
and abundance of copper, zinc, molybdenum, arsenic, and
uranium in filtered water in the West Chichagof-Yakobi
Wilderness study area, Sitka quadrangle, southeastern
Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-27-N, 1
sheet.
1981 [1982], Geochemical map showing anomalous
patterns for the element copper in stream sediments, filtered
waters, and nonmagnetic heavy-mineral concentrates in the
West Chichago-Yakobi Wilderness study area, Sitka
quadrangle, southeastern Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey
Open-File Report 81-27-0, 1 sheet.
Hessin, T. D., Maslowski, M. G., and Cooley, E. F., 1981 [1982],
Geochemical map showing the distribution and abundance of
copper, lead, zinc, and barium in the nonmagnetic heavy-
mineral concentrate samples in the West Chichagof-Yakobi
Wilderness study area, Sitka quadrangle, southeastern
Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-27-S, 1
sheet.
Hessin, T. D., Maslowski, M. G., and Day, G. W., 1981 [1982],
Geochemical map showing the distribution and abundance of
silver, arsenic, gold, tin, and tungsten in the nonmagnetic
heavy-mineral concentrate in the West Chichagof-Yakobi
Wilderness study area, Sitka quadrangle, southeastern
Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-27-U, 1
sheet.
1981 [1982], Geochemical map showing the distribution
and abundance of copper, lead, and barium in stream sedi-
ment samples in the West Chichagof-Yakobi Wilderness study
area, Sitka quadrangle, southeastern Alaska: U.S. Geological
Survey Open-File Report 81-27-4, 1 sheet.
Hessin, T. D., Speckman, W. S., Crenshaw, J. D., Hoffman,
J. D., and Cooley, E. F., 1981, Analytical results of various
types of samples taken in the West Chichagof-Yakobi
Wilderness study area, Sitka quadrangle, southeastern
Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 8&905,72
P.
Jones, D. L., Silberling, N. J., Berg, N. C., and Plafker,
George, 1981. Map showing tectonostratigraphic terranes of
Alaska, columnar sections, and summary descriptions of ter-
ranes: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-792, 20
p.. 2 oversize sheets.
Koch, R. D., and Elliott, R. L., 1981, Maps showing distribution
of gold and silver in geochemical samples from Bradfield
Canal quadrangle, southeastern Alaska: U.S. Geological
Survey Open-File Report 81-7284, 2 oversize sheets.
1981, Maps showing distribution and abundance of copper
in geochemical samples from the Bradfield Canal quadrangle,
southeastern Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File
Report 81-728-D. 4 oversize sheets.
-1981. Maps showing distribution and abundance of lead in
geochemical samples from the Bradfield Canal quadrangle,
southeastern Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File
Report 81-728-E, 4 oversize sheets.
-1981, Maps showing distribution and abundance of zinc in
geochemical samples from the Bradfield Canal quadrangle,
southeastern Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File
I Report 81-728-F, 4 oversize sheets.
-1981, Maps showing distribution and abundance of molyb-
I denum in geochemical samples from the Bradfield Canal
quadrangle, southeastern Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey
Open-File Report 8 1 -728-G, 2 oversize sheets.
-1981, Maps showing distribution and abundance of tin in
geochemical samples from the Bradfield Canal quadrangle,
southeastern Alaska: U.S. Oeological Survey Open-File
Report 81-7284, 2 oversize sheets.
1981, Maps showing distribution and abundance of beryl-
lium in geochemical samples from the Bradfield Canal
quadrangle, southeastern Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey
Open-File Report 81-728-1, 2 oversizc sheets.
1981, Maps showing distribution and abundance of
i niobium in geochemical samples from the Bradfield Canal
quadrangle, southeastern Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey
Open-File Report 81-728-5, 2 oversizc sheets.
i - 1981, Maps showing distribution and abundance of yttrium
in geochemical samples from the Bradfield Canal quadrangle,
southeastem Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File
Report 81-728-K, 2 oversize sheets.
Koch, R. D., Elliot, R. L., O'Leary, R. M.. and Risoli, D. A.,
1981, Trace-element data for rock samples from the Bradfield
Canal quadrangle, southeastern Alaska: U.S. Geological
Survey Open-File Report 80-91&A, 1 oversizc sheet.
Koch, R. D., Elliot, R. L., and Rossiter. Richard, 1981, Total
gamma ray intensities at ground stations in the Bradfield
Canal quadrangle, southeastern Alaska: U.S. Geological
Survey Open-File Report 81-840, 2 sheets.
Le Compte, J. R.. 1981, Maps showing interpretation of Landsat
imagery of the Medfra quadrangle. Alaska: U.S. Geological
Survey Open-File Report 80-81 14, 2 oversize sheets.
1981, Map showing interpretation of Landsat imagery of
the Valdez lo by 3" quadrangle, southern Alaska: U.S.
Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-892-F, 1 oversize
sheet.
-1981, Map showing interpretation of Landsat imagery of
the Bradfield Canal quadrangle, southeastern Alaska: U.S.
Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-728-L, 2 oversize
sheets.
-1981, Preliminary maps showing interpretation of Landsat
imagery of the Ugashik and Karluk quadrangles, Alaska:
U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-776, 2 oversize
sheets.
-1981, Landsat features maps of the Circle quadrangle,
Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-782, 2
oversize sheets.
1981, Landsat features maps of the Petersburg quadrangle
and vicinity, southeastern Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey
Open-File Report 81-799, 2 sheets.
1981, Landsat features maps of the Ketchikan and Prince
Rupert quadrangles, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-
File Report 81-1 139, 2 oversize sheets.
Luepke, Gretchen, and Leong, K. W., 1981, Areal and textural
distribution of particulate gold in sediments from Bluff
Beach, Aaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report
81-1085, 39 p.
Luthy, S. T., Foster, H. L., and Cushing, a. W., 1981, Petro-
graphic and chemical data on Cretaceous granitic rocks of the
Big Delta quadrangle. Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-
File Report 81-398, 12 p., 3 oversize sheets.
Madison, R. J., 1981, Effects of placer mining on hydrologic
systems in Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report
81-217, 28 p.
Mitchell, P. A., Silberman, M. L., and O'Neil, J. R., 1981,
Genesis of gold vein mineralization in an Upper Cretaceous
turbidite sequence, Hope-Sunrise district, southern Alaska:
U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-103, 18 p.
Molenaar, C. M., 1981, Depositional history and seismic stratig-
raphy of Lower Cretaceous rocks, National Petroleum
Reserve in Alaska and adjacent areas: U.S. Geological Survey
Open-File Report 81-1084, 43 p.
Molenaar, C. M., Egbert, R. M. and Krystinik, L. F., 1981. De-
positional facies, petrography, and reservoir potential of the
Fortress Mountain Formation (Lower Cretaceous), central
North Slope, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File
Report 81-967, 32 p.
Moll, E. J., Silberman, M. L., and Patton, W. W., 1981,
Chemistry, mineralogy, and K-Ar ages of igneous and
metamorphic rocks of the Medfra quadrangle, Alaska U.S.
Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-81 1-C, 19 p., 2 over-
size sheets.
Nilsen, T. H., Moore, T. E., Brosg6, W. P., and Dutro, J. T., Jr.,
1981, Sedimentology and stratigraphy of the Kanayut Con-
glomerate and associated units, Brooks Range, Alaska-
Report of 1979 field season: U.S. Geological Survey Open-
File Report 81-506, 39 p.
O'Leary, R. M., Risoli, D. A., Curtin, G. C., and McDanal, S. K.,
1981, Spectrographic and chemical analyses of stream-
sediment and glacial-debris samples from Mount Hayes
quadrangle, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File
Report 81-226, 55 p., 1 oversize sheet.
Petering, G. W., and Smith, T. N., 1981, Stratigraphic sections,
Hallo Bay to Katmai Bay, Shelikof Strait, Alaska, 1979: U.S.
Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-21, 1 oversize sheet.
Sable, E. G., Dutro, J. T., Jr., Mangus, M. D., and Morris,
R. H., 1981, Geology of the Kukpowruk-Nuka Rivers region,
northwestern Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File
Report 81-1078, 240 p., 1 oversize sheet.
Schmoll, H. R., Yehle, L. A., and Gardner, C. A., 1981, Prelim-
inary geologic map of the Congahbuna area, Cook Inlet,
Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-429, 8
p., I oversize sheet.
Schwab, C. E., Patton, W. W., Jr., and Moll, E. J., 1981, Mineral
occurrence map of the Medfra quadrangle, Alaska; U.S.
Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-811-B, 2 oversize
sheets.
Silberling, N. J., Richter, D. H., Jones, D. L., and Coney, P. C.,
1981, Geologic map of the bedrock part of the Healy A-I
quadrangle south of the Talkeetna-Broxon Gulch fault
system, Clearwater Mountains, Alaska: U.S. Geological
Survey Open-File Report 81-1288, 1 oversize sheet.
Silberman, M. L., Field, C. W., and Berry, A. L., eds., 1981, Pro-
ceedings of the symposium of mineral deposits of the Pacific
Northwest: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-355,
345 p. [The following articles were used in preparing parts of
this document: Hitzman, M. W., Geology of the BT claim
group, southwestern Brooks Range, Alaska @. 17-28);
Lange, I. M., and others, Isotope geochemistry of stratiform
zinc-lead-barium deposits, Red Dog Creek and Drenchwater
Creek areas, northwestern Brooks Range, Alaska (p. 1-14);
Yeend, Warren, Placer gold deposits, Mount Hayes
quadrangle, Alaska @. 74-83).]
Smith, J. G., and Diggles, M. F., 1981, Potassium-argon deter-
minations in the Ketchikan and Prince Rupert quadrangles,
southeastern Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File
Report 78-73-N, 16 p., 1 oversize sheet.
Taylor, M. E., ed., 1981, Short papers for the Second Interna-
tional Symposium on the Cambrian system, 1981: U.S.
Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-743, 3 microfiche
sheets.
Timmcke, T. A., 1981, Palynology of the Lower Cretaceous Peb-
ble Shale Unit, Point Barrow, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey
Open-File Report 81-1304, 127 p.
Toth, M. I., 1981, Petrology, geochemistry, and origin of the Red
Mountain ultramafic body near Seldovia, Alaska: U.S.
Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-514, 86 p., 2 oversize
sheets.
Varnes, K. L., Dolton, G. L., and McMullin, R. H., 1981, Oil and
gas resource assessment areas, U.S. Geological Survey,
Geologic Division, 1980-Alaska, regions 1 and 1A: U.S.
Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-84-A, 1 oversize
sheet.
Williams, J.R., and Johnson, K. M., compilers, 1981, Map and
description of late Tertiary and Quaternary deposits, Valdez
quadrangle, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File
Report 80-892-C, 2 oversize sheets.
Wilson, C. W., comp., 1981, Bibliographic references to Alaskan
fossils, 1839-May 1979: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File
Report 81-628, 74 p.
Wilson, F. H., 1981, Map and table showing radiometric ages of
rocks in the Aleutian Islands and the Alaska Peninsula: U.S.
Geological Survey Open-File Report 81471,23 p., I oversize
sheet.
Wilson, F. H., and Shew, Nora, 1981, Map and tables showing
preliminary results of potassium-argon age studies in the Cir-
cle quadrangle, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File
Report 81-889, 1 oversize sheet.
Winkler, G. R., and Planter, George, 1981, Geologic map and
cross sections of the Cordova and Middleton Island
quadrangles, southern Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-
File Report 81-1164, 25 p., 1 sheet.
Winkler, G. R., Miller, R. J., MacKevett, E. M., Jr., and Hollo-
way, C. D.. 198 1, Map and summary table describing mineral
deposits in the Valdez quadrangle, southern Alaska: U.S.
Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-892-B, 2 oversize
sheets.
Winkler, G. R., Silberman. M. L., Grantz, Arthur, Miller, R. J.,
and MacKevett, E. M., Jr., 1981, Geologic map and summary
geochronology of the Valdez quadrangle, southern Alaska:
U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-892-A, 2 over-
size sheets.
Witmer, R. J., 1981, Availability of palynomorph and foramini-
fera microscope slides from test wells of National Petroleum
Reserve in Alaska; Group 11: U.S. Geological Survey Open-
File Report 81-13. 18 p.
1981, Availability of palynomorph and foraminifera micro-
scope slides from test wells af National Petroleum Reserve in
Alaska; Group 111-Final release: U.S. Geological Survey
Open-File Report 81-1081, 14 p.
Witmer, R. J., Haga, Hideyo, and Mickey, M. B., 1981,
Biostratigraphic correlations of selected wells of National
Petroleum Reserve in Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-
File Report 8 1-1 165, 89 p., 6 oversize sheets.
1981, Stratigraphic report of 33 wells drilled from 1975 to
1981 in National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska: U.S.
Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-1 166, 47 p.
Miscellaneous Field Studies Maps
Case, J. E., Barnes, D. F., Detterman, R. L., Morin, R. L., and
Sikora, R. F., 1981, Gravity anomaly and interpretation map
of the Chignik and Sutwik Island quadrangles, Alaska: U.S.
Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map
MF-1053-J, 5 p., 1 sheet.
Case, J. E., Cox, B. P., Detra, D. E., Detterman, R. L., and
Wilson, F. H., 1981, Maps showing aeromagnetic survey and
geologic interpretation of the Chignik and Sutwik Island
quadrangles, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous
Field Studies Map MF-1053-B, 2 sheets and 5-page text.
Detterman, R. L., Yount, M. E., and Case, J. E., 1981, Mega-
fossil sample locality map, checklists, and stratigraphic sec-
tions of the Chignik and Sutwik Island quadrangles, Alaska:
U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map
MF-1053-N, 2 sheets.
Grybeck, D. J., and Nelson, S. W., 1981, Map and interpretation
of the structural geology of the Survey Pass quadrangle,
Brooks Range, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous
Field Studies Map MF-1176-B, 1 sheet.
1981, Mineral deposit map of the Survey Pass quadrangle,
Brooks Range, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous
Field Studies Map MF-1176-F, 1 sheet.
Grybeck, D. J., McDanal, S. K., Cooley, E. F., and O'Leary,
R. M., 1981, Map of anomalous rock samples and histograms
of trace metals in rocks of the Survey Pass quadrangle,
Brooks Range, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous
Field Studies Map MF-1176-E. I sheet.
Hamilton, T. D., 1980 [1981], Surficial geologic map of the Killik
River quadrangle, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey
Miscellaneous Field Studies Map MF-1234, I sheet.
1981, Surficial geologic map of the Survey Pass
quadrangle, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous
Field Studies Map MF-1320, 1 sheet.
Le Compte, J. R., 1981, Maps showing interpretation of Landsat
imagery of the Survey Pass quadrangle, Brooks Range,
Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies
Map MF-1176-H, 2 sheets.
Le Compte, J. R., and Steele, W. C., 1981, Maps showing inter-
pretation of Landsat imagery of the Chignik and Sutwik
Island quadrangles, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey
Miscellaneous Field Studies Map MF-1053-0, 2 sheets.
Nelson, S. W., and Grybeck, Donald, 1981, Geologic map of the
Survey Pass quadrangle, Brooks Range, Alaska: U.S.
Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map
MF-1176-A, 2 sheets.
Miscellaneous Investigations Series
Detterman, R. L., Miller, T. P., Yount. M. E., and Wilson,
F. H., 1981, Geological map of the Chignik and Sutwik Island
quadrangles, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous
Investigations Series Map 1-1229, 1 sheet.
Fabiano, E. B., and Peddie, N. W., 1981, Magnetic total intensity
in the United States-Epoch 1980: U.S. Geological Survey
Miscellaneous Investigations Series Map 1-1370, 1 sheet.
(Supersedes Map 1-0915.)
Patton, W. W., Jr., and Csejtey, Bkla, Jr., 1980 [1981], Geologic
map of St. Lawrence Island, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey
Miscellaneous Investigations Series Map 1-1203, 1 sheet.
Reiser, H. N., Brosgt, W. P., Dutro, J. T., Jr., and Detterman,
R. L., 1980 [1981], Geologic map of the Demarcation Point
quadrangle, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous
Investigations Series Map 1-1133, 1 sheet.
Geologic Quadrangle Maps
Winkler, G. R., and MacKevett, E. M., Jr., 1981, Geologic map
of the McCarthy C-7 quadrangle, Alaska: U.S. Geological
Survey Geologic Quadrangle Map GQ-1533, 1 sheet.
Circulars
Albert, N. R. D., and Hudson, Travis, eds., 1981, The United
States Geological Survey in Alaska: Accomplishments during
1979: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 823-B, p. BlLB151.
The following is a partial list of articles:
Barnes, D. F., Gravity measurements useful in explora-
tion and evaluation of Nimiuktuk barite deposits
Berg, H. C., Upper Triassic volcanogenic massive-sulfide
metallogenic province identified in southeastern
Alaska
Brew, D. A., and others, Newly recognized alkali gran-
ite stock, southwestern Kupreanof Island, Alaska
Carter, R. D., National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska-
Data release
Coney, P. J., Silberling, N. J., Jones, D. L., and
Richter, D. H., Structural relations along the
leading edge of the Wrangellia terrane in the Clear-
water Mountains, Alaska
Csejtey, Btla, Jr., and St. Aubin, Dennis, Evidence for
northwestward thrusting in the Talkeetna superter-
rane and its regional significance
Dutro, J. T., Jr., and Patton, W. W., Jr., Lower
Paleozoic platform carbonate sequence in the Med-
fra quadrangle, Alaska
Le Compte, J. R., and Steele, W. C., Landsat data inter-
pretation in the south-central Brooks Range and in
southeastern Alaska
Memie, W. D., Foster, H. L., and Mosier, D. L., Metal-
liferous mineral resource potential of the Big Delta
Molenaar, C. M., Depositional history of the Nanushuk
Group and related strata
Silberman, M. L., Mitchell, P. A., and OWeil, J. R.,
Isotopic data bearing on the arigin and age of the
epithermal lode gold deposits in the Hope-Sunrise
mining district, northern Kenai Peninsula, Alaska
Sonnevil, R. A., New data concerning the geology of
the North Bradfield River iron prospect, south-
eastern Alaska
Winkler, G. R., Miller, R. J., Silberman, M. L., Grantz,
Arthur, Case, J. E., and Pickthorn, W. J., Layered
gabbroic belt of regional extent in the Valdez
quadrangle
Yeend, Warren, Placer gold deposits, Mount Hayes
quadrangle, Alaska
Zirnmerman, Jay, Frank, C. O., and Bryn, Sean, Mafic
rocks in the Avan Hills ultramafic complex, De
Long Mountains
Clarke, P. F., Hodgson, H. E., and North, G. W., 1981, A guide
to obtaining information from the USGS, 1981: U.S.
Geological Survey Circular 777, 42 p.
Coonrad, W. L., ed., 1982, The United States Qeological
Survey in Alaska: Accomplishments during 1980: U.S.
Geological Survey Circular 844, 178 p. Only the following ar-
ticles, based on work done in 1980, have been used in this
document:
Ellersieck, Inyo, Jansons, Uldis, Mayfield, C. F., and
Tailleur, I. L., The Story Creek and Whoopee Creek
lead-zinc-silver occurrences, western Brooks Range,
Alaska
Huffman, A. C., Kirk, A. R., and Molenaar, C. M.,
Uranium investigations - Northeastern Alaska
Yeend, Warren, Placers and placer mining, Circle dis-
trict, Alaska
Detterman, R. L., and others, 1981, The Alaska Mineral Re-
source Assessment Program - Background information to ac-
company folio of geologic and resources maps of the Chignik
and Sutwik Island quadrangles, Alaska: U.$. Geological
Survey Circular 802. 16 p.
Dolton, G. L., and others, 1981, Estimates of undiscovered
recoverable conventional resources of oil and gas in the
United States: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 860, 87 p,
Guild, P. W., 1981, Preliminary metallogenic map of North
America: A numerical listing of deposits: U.S. Geological
Circular 858-A, p. AILA93.
1981, Preliminary metallogenic map of North America:
An alphabetical listing of deposits: U.S. Geological Survey
Circular 858-B, p. BILB72.
Reed, K. M., ed., 1981, The U.S. Geological Survey in Alaska-
1981 programs: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 843, 111 p.
Shawe, Daniel, comp., 1981, U.S. Geological Survey workshop
on nonfuel mineral-resource appraisal of Wilderness and
CUSMAP areas: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 845, 18 p.
Whitmore, F. C., Jr., 1981, Resources for the 21st century-
Summary and conclusions of the International Centennial
Symposium of the U.S. Geological Survey: U.S. Geological
Survey Circular 857, 41 p.
Wafer-Resources Investigations
Scully, D. R., Krumhardt, A. P., and Kernadle, D. R., 1981
[19821. Hydrologic reconnaissance of the Beluga, Peters quadrangle
Creek, and Healy coal areas: U.S. Geological Survey Water-
Resources Investigation 81-56, 71 p. [Also available from
NTIS. See also the basic-data release for these areas: Open-
File Report 80-1206.1
Publications by Geological Survey authors in non-Survey journals
and books
Ben-Avram, Z., Nur, A., Jones, D., and Cox, A., 1981, Continen-
tal accretion: From oceanic plateaus to allochthonous ter-
ranes: Science, v. 213, no. 4503, p. 47-54.
Brew, D. A., 1981, The Coast plutonic complex in southeastern
Alaska and northwestern British Columbia [abs.]: Geological
Association of Canada, Annual Meeting, Vancouver, British
Columbia, 1981, Programme and Abstracts, p. 9-10.
Bruns, T. R., Carlson, P. R., and Plafker, George, 1981, Struc-
tural deformation in northern Gulf of Alaska: Transition
from transform to convergent plate motion (abs.): American
Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 65, no. 5, p.
907.
Callahan, J. E.. 1981, Geology and quality of coal beds in the
Cretaceous Corwin Formation in the northern foothills of
western arctic Alaska [abs.]: International Symposium on
Arctic Geology, 3rd, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, 1981 [Pro-
gramme with Abstracts], p. 33.
Fox, J. E., Lambert, P. W., and Pitman, J. K., 1981, Deposi-
tional environments and reservoir properties of sandstones of
Lower Cretaceous Nanushuk and Upper Cretaceous Colville
Groups, Umiat Test Well 11, National Petroleum Reserve,
Alaska [abs.]: American Association of Petroleum Geologists
Bulletin, v., 65, no. S, p. 926.
Gryc, George, and Tailleur, I. L., 1981, Recent exploration re-
sults in the National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska [abs.]: In-
ternational Symposium on Arctic Geology, 3rd. Calgary,
Alberta, Canada, 1981 [Programme with Abstracts], p. 55.
Hill, Malcolm, Morris, Julie and Whelan, Joseph, 1981, Hybrid
granodiorites intruding the accretionary prism, Kodiak,
Shumagin, and Sanak Islands, southwest Alaska: Journal of
Geophysical Research, v. 86, no. 11, p. 10569-10590.
Hudson, Travis, Arth, J. G., and Muth, K. G., 1981, Geo-
chemistry of intrusive rocks associated with molybdenite
deposits, Ketchikan quadrangle, southeastern Alaska:
Economic Geology, v. 76, no. 5, p. 1225-1232.
Lange, I. M., Nokleberg, W. J., and Zehner, R. E., 1981. Miner-
alization of Late Paleozoic island arc rocks of Wrangellia ter-
rane, Mount Hayes quadrangle, eastern Alaska Range,
Alaska [abs.]: Geological Association of Canada Abstacts, V.
6, p. A33.
Lantz, R. J., 1981, Barrow gas-fields-N. Slope, Alaska: Oil and
Gas Journal, v. 79, no. 13, p. 197-200.
Magoon, L. B., and Kirschner, C. E., 1981, Evolution of sedimen-
tary systems during Mesozoic and Cenozoic in southern
Alaska-An overview labs.]: American Association of
Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 65, no. 5, p. 953.
Marsh, S. P., and Cathrall, J. B., 1981, Oeochemical evidence for
a Brooks Range mineral belt, Alaska: Journal of Geochemical
Exploration, v. IS, no. 1/3, p. 367-380. [See also their article
in the Proceedings of the 1980 Symposium of the Association
of Exploration Geochemistry held in Hanover, West Oer-
many. H. Gondlatch is the volume's editor.]
Nilsen, T. H., Moore, T. E., Brosgt, W. P., Dutro, J. T.. Jr.,
Balin, D. F., and Johnson, S. V., 1981, Allochthonous Upper
Devonian fluvial strata, northern Alaska [abs.]: International
Symposium on Arctic Geology, 3rd, Calgary, Alberta,
Canada, 1981 [Programme with Abstracts], p. 96.
Nokleberg, W. J., Zehner, R. E., Lange, I. M.. and Tripp, R. B.,
1981, Metallogeny of accreted Andean-type and island arc ter-
ranes, Mount Hayes quadrangle, eastern Alaska Range,
Alaska [abs.]: Geological Association of Canada Abstracts,
v. 6, p. A43.
Patton, W. W., Jr., and Moll, E. J., 1981, Ageologic transect be-
tween the Alaska Range and Norton Sound, western Alaska
[abs.]: Geological Society of America Abstracts with Pro-
grams, v. 13, no. 7, p. 527.
Saleeby, J. B., and Eberlein, G. D., 1981, An ensimatic basement
complex and its relation to the early Paleozoic volcanic-arc se-
quence of southern Prince of Wales Island, southeastern
Alaska [abs.]: Oeological Society of America Abstracts with
Programs, v. 13, no. 2, p. 104.
Smith, T. N., and Petering, G. W., 1981, Petroleum potential of
Shelikof Strait based on outcrops in Katmai National Monu-
ment, Alaska [abs.]: American Association of Petroleum
Geologists Bulletin, v. 65, no. 5, p. 994.
Vallier, T. L., Hein, J. R., McLean, Hugh, Scholl, D. W., and
Friesen. W. B., 1981, Igneous rocks of Amlia Island: Implica-
tions for the early volcanic and tectonic histories of the Aleu-
tian Island arc [abs.]: Eos (American Geophysical Union
Transactions), v. 62, no. 45, p. 1092.
[Members of the U.S. Geological Survey also contribute to reports
by the Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys
(DGGS). DGGS Information Circular IC-I1 lists recent publica-
tions.]
Yearbook
U.S. Geological Survey, 1981, United States Geological Survey
yearbook. fiscal year 1980, 137 p.
-1982, U.S. Geological Survey Activities, fiscal year 1981:
U.S. Geological Survey Circular 875, 161 p.
Special Geologic Map
Guild, P. W. [chairman of North American Metallogenic Map
Committee and chief compiler], and others, 1981,
Metallogenic map of North America: U.S. Geological Survey,
4 sheets.
BUREAU OF MINES, 1980
Information Circulars
Berg, A. W., and Carrillo, F. V., 1980, MILS: The Mineral In-
dustry Location System of the Federal Bureau of Mines:
Bureau of Mines Information Circular 8815, 24 p.
Open-File Reports (OFR)
Barker. J. C., 1980, Occurrences and potential of lead and zinc
mineralization in the Mount Schwatka region, Alaska:
Bureau of mines OFR 70-80, 51 p.
Bureau of Mines, Alaska Field Operations Center, 1980, Mineral
appraisal of the [proposed] Utukok and Colville Wild and
Scenic Rivers-A summary report: Bureau of Mines OFR
37-80. 8 p.
1980. Mineral deposits of the Cape Krusenstern area,
Alaska: Bureau of Mines OFR 42-80, 22 p.
Colp, D. B., 1980, Fortymile placer district, Resource inventory,
Alaska: Bureau of Mines OFR 43-80, 16 p.
Jansons, Uldis, and Baggs, D. W., 1980, Mineral investigations of
the Misheguk Mountain and Howard Pass quadrangles, Na-
tional Petroleum Reserve, Alaska: Bureau of Mines OFR
38-80, 76 p.
Cooperative publications- Wilderness studies of the Bureau of
Mines with the U.S. Geological Survey. [On reference at Alaska
Field Operations Center. Juneau Bureau of Mines Library.]
Stablein, N. K., 1980, Report on the mineral resource investiga-
tions of six areas of central and northeastern Alaska: [Report
no.] 33(80), 186 p.
Tysdal, A. K., 1980, Uraniurn/thorium determinations on samples
collected from seven quadrangles in eastern Alaska: [Report
no.] 158(80), 32 p. and appendix.
Reports by Bureau of Mines authors in non-bureau publications
Carnes, D. R., 1980, Alaska's minerals: A look at 1979: Alaska
Construction and Oil, v. 20, no. I, p. 40-43.
BUREAU OF MINES, 1981
Ztlformation Circulars
Barker, J. C., Still, J. C.. Mowatt, T. C., and Mulligan, J. J.,
1981, Critical and strategic minerals in Alaska-Cobalt, the
platinum-group metals, and chromite: Bureau of Mines Infor-
mation Circular 8869, 8 p.
Peterson, G. R., Bleiwas, D. I., and Thomas, P. R., 1981, Cobalt
availability, domestic-A minerals availability system assess-
ment: Bureau of Mines Informations Circular 8848, 31 p.
Open-File Reports (OFR)
Barker, J. C., 1981, Mineral investigations in the Porcupine River
drainage, Alaska: Bureau of Mines OFR 27-81, 189 p.
1981, Mineral investigations of certain lands in the eastern
Brooks Range: Bureau of Mines OFR 37-81, 288 p.
1981, Coal and uranium investigations of the Yukon Flats
Cenozoic basin: Bureau of Mines OFR 140-81, 63 p.
Clautice, K. H., and Mowatt, T. C., 1981, Trona occurrences
within the Yukon Flats basin, Alaska: Bureau of Mines OFR
69-81, 34 p.
Foley, Jeff, and Barker, J. C., 1981, Tungsten investigations near
VABM Bend, eastern Alaska: Bureau of Mines OFR 29-81,
24 v.
Ransen, Eric, and others, 1981, Preliminary report on the mineral
potential of the Alaskan Peninsula: Bureau of Mines OFR
36-81, 39 p. [Contract report.]
Hoekzema, R. B., 1981, Placer sampling and related Bureau of
Mines activities on the Kenai Peninsula, Alaska: Bureau of
Mines OFR 138-81, 28 p.
-1981, Billings Glacier rnolybdenumcopper occurrence,
Whittier, Alaska: Bureau of Mines OFR 141-81, 27 p.
Jansons, Uldis, 1981, Preliminary evaluation of sample data from
the proposed Chukchi Imuruk National Reserve (now Bering
Land Bridge Preserve), Alaska: Bureau of Mines OFR 28-81,
8 P.
Jansons, Uldis, 1981, 1979 Bureau of Mines sampling sites and
analytical results for samples collected in the Chugach Na-
tional Forest, Alaska: Bureau of Mines OFR 83-81, 229 p.
Jansons, Uldis, and Parke, M. A., 1981, 1978 Mineral investiga-
tions of Misheguk Mountain and Howard Pass quadrangles:
Bureau of Mines OFR 26-81, 195 p.
McDermott, M. M., Foley, J. Y., and Southworth, D. D., 1981,
Investigation of a copper occurrence in the Rampart diorites:
Bureau of Mines OFR 143-8 1, 23 p.
Still, J. C., and Weir, K. R., 1981, Mineral land assessment of the
west portion of western Chichagof Island, southeast Alaska:
Bureau of Mines OFR 89-81, 168 p.
Reports of Investigation
Dahlin, D. C., Rule, A. R., and Brown, L. L., 1981, Beneficiation
of potential platinum resources from southeastern Alaska:
Bureau of Mines Report of Investigations RI 8553, 14 p.
Cooperative publications
Averitt, W. [Bendix Field Engineering Group], and Barker, J.
[Bureau of Mines], 1981, Report of analyses from mineral
resource investigations in central and eastern Alaska, Final
Report: Grand Junction, Colo., Bendix Field Engineering
Corp. [for the Bureau] GJBX 178(81), 148 p.
Reports by Bureaus of Mines authors in non-Burem publications
Barker, J. C., 1981, Reconnaissance of rare metal occurrences
associated with the Old Crow batholic, eastern Alaska-
northwestern Canada Alaska Division of Geological and
Geophysical Surveys Special Paper, Annual Short Notes on
Alaskan Geology. p. 43-51.
Pittman, Tom, 1981, Mining picks up across the State. Gold was
the glamor metal: Alaska Construction and Oil, v. 22, no. 6,
p. 28, 30, 31, 34.
[The Bureau of Mines publishes a yearbook, "Metals. Minerals
and Fuels," that contains listings by commodity with yearly pro-
duction figures for all States. These volumes are available for 1932
through the present year.
The Bureau also prints annually "Mineral Commodity
Summaries." The 1981 edition contains information for 1980 on
the nonfuel mineral industry, Government programs, tariffs, and
5-year statistics for 89 minerals and metals. World resource data
are provided by the U.S. Geological Survey.]
Special publications
Mattson, M. J., 1981, Index of Bureau of Mines publications on
Alaska [I91 1-19811 in the Bureau of Mines library at Juneau,
Alaska: Bureau of Mines, 63 p.
NATIONAL PARK SERVICE, 1980
National Park Service, Denver Service Center, 1980, Environmen-
tal overview and analysis of mining-Kantishna Hills, Denali
National Monument, Alaska: 147 p.
Streveler, G. P., Worley, 1. A., and Molina, B. F., eds., 1980,
Lituya Bay environmental survey; Final report CX-9000-
7-0045; Volume I, text, and Volume 11, appendixes: Fair-
banks, Cooperative Park Studies Unit, 348 p. and 103 p.,
respectively.
NATIONAL PARK SERVICE, 1981
National Park Service, Denver Service Center, 1981, Environmen-
tal overview and analysis of mining effects-Denali National
Park and Preserve, Alaska: 184 p. and maps.
[The National Park Service, with the University of Alaska's Alaska
Cooperative Park Studies Unit in Fairbanks, prepares a final
report on each calendar year's activities. These reports are
available from the Unit, 210 Irving Building, on the Fairbanks
Campus of the University. A list of National Park Service publica-
tions is available from the National Park Service's Anchorage of-
fice at 540 West Fifth Avenue.]
BUREAU OF LAND MANAGEMENT. 1980
Bureau of Land Management, 1980, BLM land use plan for south-
central Alaska-A summary: Bureau of Land Management,
Anchorage District Office, 40 p.
BUREAU OF LAND MANAGEMENT, 1981
Bureau of Land Management, 1981, Proposed land use plan
summary, Southwest Planning Area: Bureau of Land
Management, Anchorage District Office [not paginated].
-1981, Annual report to Congress - Oil and gas leasing pro-
gram for non-North Slope Federal lands in Alaska; required
under Section 1008 of the Alaska National Interest Lands
Conservation Act: Bureau of Land Management [transmitted
December 19811, 3 p. and attachments.
Bureau of Land Management, National Petroleum Reserve in
Alaska, 1981, Draft Environmental Assessment. Federal Oil
and Gas Lease Sale: Anchorage, 148 p. [June].
-1981, Final Environmental Assessment, Federal Oil and
Gas Lease Sale: Anchorage, 153 p. [Sept.].
Madison, R. J., 1981, Effects of placer mining on hydrologic sys-
tems in Alaska-Status of knowledge: U.S. Department of
the Interior, Bureau of Land Management BLM-Alaska
Technical Report 7 [BLM/AL/TR-81/07], 32 p. [Also
available from National Technical Information Service. A
compilation of several hundred references to related books
and articles, many abstracted, is in the Bureau's FAMULUS
computer file. For information about access to this system,
contact the Alaska Resources Library, Federal Building, 701
C Street, Anchorage, Alaska.]
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULf URE, FOREST SERVICE,
1980 AND 1981
Forest Service, 1981, Draft Environmental Impact Statement;
Road access and bulk sampling at the U.S. Borax Quartz Hill
molybdenum claims, Tongass National Forest, Alaska:
Volume 1, text [four sections, summary and references, in-
dividually paginated], Volume 2, appendices [five appendixes.
individually paginated].
DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY, 1980 AND 1981
Dennis, B. M., Graham, William, and Schmidt, James, 1982, In-
dex of Open File Reports from the Department of Energy,
Grand Junction Area Office, January 1982: Department of
Energy, Preliminary Map PM-36, Alaska, 1 oversize sheet.
National Uranium Resource Evaluation Reports
[All reports are available from the Department of Energy, P.O.
Box 2657, Grand Junction, or from Bendix Field Engineering Cor-
poration, P.O. Box 1569, Grand Junction, CO 81502. Some are in
microfiche form only .]
Airborne gamma-ray spectrometer and magnetometer surveys
released since January 1, 1980
Quodmngle Report number QuodrangIe Report Number
Norton Bay GJBx-'IZ (80) Wainwright CJBX-296(8l)
Nulalo OJBX-73 (80) Mcade Rivcr GJBX-297(81)
Usalaldeet GJBX-74 (80) Teshekpuk GJBX-298(8l)
Ruby GJBX-75 (80) Harrison Bay OJM-299181)
Medfra GJBX-76 (80) Beechey Point GJBX-30MP-1)
Mcorath GJBx-77 (80) Point Lay GJBX-301(81)
Ophir GJBX-78 (80) Utukok River GJBX-302(81)
Slcetmute GJBX-79 (80) Lookout GJBX-303(8l)
Idltatod OJBX-80 (80) IkpikpukRivcr OJBX-304(81)
Kantishna River 01BX-94 (80) Umial OJBX-305(81)
Barrow GJBX-295(8I) Sssavanirklok GJBX-306(81)
Hydrogeochemical and stream-sediment reconnaissance reports
issued between January 1, 1980, and March 1, 1982
Quadrungle Report number Quodmngle Report number
I
Dixon Entrance and
Prtnce Rupert B6
Hcdy
Iliamna
Valdez
Mt. Haycs
Scldovia
Cordova
ICY hY
Nome
Solomon
Arctic
Chandalar
Survey Pass
Tablc Mountdn
Wiseman
Hughcs
Philip Smith Mountains
Skagway
Yakutat
Baird Mountd~
Bering Glacier OJBX-189(81) Bradfield Canal OJBX-37q81)
Fort Yukon GJBX-201(81) Nabesna GJBX-377(81)
Gulkana GJBX-ZM(81) Beaver GJBX-378(8l)
Lak Clark GJBX-202@1) Kachikan GJm-381(81)
Anchorpgc OJBX-w81) MHhrthy GJBX-382(81)
Christian OJBX-UI5(81) Livengwd GJBX-2 (82)
Kcnai GJBX-206(81) Prince RuW GIBX-3 (82)
Norton Bay OJM-207(8 1) Tanacross GJBX-4 (82)
Ambler River GJBX-UIB(81)
Hydrogeochemical and stream-sediment reconnaissance basic-data
surveys issued between January 1, 1980, and March 1, 1982
Quadrangle Report number Qud~ngIe Report number I
Survey Pass GJBX-lSO(81) Chandler Lake OJBX-l55(8l)
Arctic OJBX-15 L(81) Demarcation Point GJBX-15q81)
Barter Island GJBX-152(8I) FLaxman Island GIBX-157(81)
Beaver GJBX-153(81) Hughes OJBX-I58(81)
badficld Canal GJBX-15481) Juneau GJBX-159(8l)
Hydrogeochemical and stream-sediment reconnaissance basic-data
surveys (continued)
Killik Rim GJBX-160(81) UlukokRIv~r OJBX-25q81)
Lookout Ridge GJBX-l61(81) De Long Mountains GJBX-251(81)
Mount Fainveathu OJBX-162(81) Harrison Bay GJBX-252(81)
Philip Smith Mountins 0JBX-163(81) Barrow OJBX-27Z(81)
skpe~a~ GJBX-lW8l) Ikpikpuk River OJBX-275(81)
T&u Rlvcr OJBX-165(81) MishegukMountdn GJBX-276(81)
Allin GJBX-166(81) Ullplnklcet GJBX-277(81)
Wimnan OJBX-171(8l) Peleraburg GJBX-278(81)
Chandalar GJBX-172(81) Sn~avanir~ok OJBX-279(81)
Howard Paar GJBX-193(81) GJBX-290(81)
Prince Rupert OJBX-lW(81) Iditprod GJBX-3 10(81)
Big Delta GJBX-195(81) St. Michael OJBX-3W81)
Mt. Michehn OJBX-196(81) ophir GJBX-323(81)
Tmaaoss GJBX-197(81) Kantishna River GJBX-337(81)
&Nlur OJBX-lW(81) T~~ GJBX-338(81)
Yakutat GJBX-199(81) Black River OJBX-339(81)
Circle GJBX-220(81) Mclozitna OJBX-340(81)
Nabesna OJBX-221(81) Nulato GJBX-341(81)
Ketchikm OJBX-W(~I) Pod Alexander GJBX-342(8l)
Table Mountain GJBX-223(81) "& GJBX-343(81)
McCarthy GJBX-226(81) Sitka GJBX-344(81)
eaPlc GJBX-227(81) COlm OJBX-34S(8l)
Point Lay OJBX-228(81) GJBX-346(81)
Charley River GJBX-235(81) KatedRiver OJBX-360(81)
Wainwriht OJBX-236(81) Shuwk GJBX-369(81)
I I Point Hope OJBX-US(81)
Bwehey Point GJBX-246(8 1) 1 Mcadc River OJBX-247(81)
Tahekpuk GJBX-248(8 I)
OJBX-249(81)
i Preliminary Quadrangle Folios
Coltcn PJ0440(81) Tdkkocrna PJG458(81)
Black River PIG-IOB(81) Tyomk PJG-059(8 I)
Charley River PJG-10H81) Lime Hills PJO457(81) , Circle PJG-107(81) Dixon Entruncr PJO447(81)
MI. McKinley PJO454(81)
Aeromagnetic Anomaly Maps
Kot~buc OJMW81) ~wipuk GJMaI(81)
Melontns GJMW81) Holy Cro~ GMJwa(81)
Katecl River OJM+S(81) Marshall OMJ48(Sl)
Teller GJM4IqEI) Hwper Bay GJMaJ(81)
MI. McKinley OJM-002(81) Nunivak Island OJM4I l(81)
St. Michael GJMW(8I)
Miscellaneous Topics
Genesis of the Bokan Mountain, Alaska, uranium-
thorium deposits GJBX-38 (80)
Uranium/thorium determinations on samples col-
MISCELLANEOUS GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS
1980 and 1981
U.S. National Research Council, 1980, Surface coal mining
in Alaska-An investigation of the Surface Mining Control
and Reclamation Act of 1977 in relation to Alaskan condi-
tions: National Academy Press, 328 p.
U.S. General Accounting Office, 1980, Oil and gas potential
in the William 0. Douglas Arctic Wildlife Range:
Washington, D.C., 10 p. [pamphlet].
1981, Mining on National Park Service Lands-
What's at Stake?: EMD-81-119, 50 p., and EMD-81-119s
[supplement released in December 19811. [The report does not
deal with Alaska per se but with mining in other parts of the
United States. The supplement is General Accounting Office
commentary.]
SELECTED NON-FEDERAL SOURCES OF INFORMATION
National Qeophysical and Solar-Terrestrial Data Center
fliers
Alaska Construction and Oil
Oil and Gas Journal
Petroleum Engineer
Petroleum Information
American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin
The Alaska Economic Report
Strategic Minerals Management (Nautilus Press. Inc.)
University of Alaska. Mineral Industry Research Laboratory
and Arctic Environmental Information and Data Center
Papers presented at the annual meetings of the Alaska
Miners Association and Alaska Geological Society
Oeological literature on the North Slope of Alaska, 1974-80,
published by the State of Alaska Division of Geological and
Geophysical Surveys in 1982, and other State bibliographies
Newspapers, particularly the Anchorage Times, the Anchorage
Daily News, and the Fairbanks News Miner
rrhe Arctic Environmental Information and Data Center's "Cur-
rent Research Profiie for Alaska 1980n, published in 1981
by the University of Alaska, describes many Federal, State,
and academic research projects in geology and other
disciplines; some of these projects have not published
results. Similar volumes are published annually.]
lected from seven quadranges in eastern
Alaska GJBX-58 (80)
Uranium-thorium concentrations in representative
rocks from Alaskan crystallins terranes GJBX 178(80)
Airborne gamma-ray spectrometer and
magnetometer survey, Four Corners Detail
Area, Alaska GJBX 116(80)
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