HomeMy WebLinkAboutAPA938d21982
AQUATIC STUDIES PROCEDURES MANUAL
PHASE II
Alaska Department of Fish and Game
Su Hydro Aquatic Studies
2207 Spenard Road .
Anchorage,Alaska
99503
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
I.I NTRODUCT ION ..•.............•..............................
Objective 1 .
Objective 2 .
Objective 3-•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
Data Processing Objectives
II.TECHNICAL PROCEDURES
ADULT ANADROMOUS FISHERIES STUDIES .•...••...••••..•.••
Study Description And Rationale ...••••....•....•.
Sonar Counters .
Tag/Recaptu re .
Mainstem Survey ........•..........•.......•.•.••.
Slough And Tributary Surveys ......•.....•..••.••.
Chinook Salmon Aerial Surveys .•.....•.•.•.•.•..••
Eu 1achon Su rveys ......•••....••....•......••••.•.
Bering Cisco .
Radio Tagging .
Stock Separation .••.•••••......•............•...•
RESIDENT AND JUVENILE ANADROMOUS FISHERIES STUDIES
Study Description And Rationale •.•...............
Study Design By Objective ........•.•..••.........
Sub-objectives And Study Design ........•.........
Summa ry Of Obj ect ives .........••.••.•.•••........
Fish Distribution Study .
Electrofishing And Tagging Surveys •..............
Radio Telemetry Studies ...................••...•.
Juvenile Incubation,Emergence,And
Outmigration Studies ......•...•.............•...•
Food Habits Study Invertebrate And
Distribution Study .......•...•.....•.............
Impoundment Area Studies .•.......................
Level of Effort .
AQUATIC HABITAT AND INSTREAM FLOW STUDIES
Study Description And Rationale •.......•.........
Scope By Geographical Reach Of The
Susitna River .
Scope Of FY-83 Program By Objective .........•....
Administrative Structure And
Manpower Distribution .
Field Data Collection Work Plans
Lower River Fish Habitat Utilization .
Fish Habitat El ectrofi shi ng ......•..........
Instream Flow .
Upper River Fish Habitat Utilization .
Canti ngenc ies ....•..........................
1
2
5
5
6
7
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9
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14
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18
19
20
22
22
22
30
30
42
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47
50
52
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57
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66
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69
76
81
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DATA PROCESSING
Work Plan .
Data Base Management .
III.DATA PROCEDURES
A.ADULT ANADROMOUS FISHERIES STUDIES
Side Scan Sonar Operations .
Tag/Recapture Operations .................••••...•
Mainstem Survey Operations ................•..•...
Slough And Tributary Surveys .........•....•.....•
Mainstem Set Netting .•.................•...•....•
Bering Cisco Monitoring •...................•....•
Eulachon Survey Operation ....•..........•..••...•
B.RESIDENT AND JUVENILE ANADROMOUS FISHERIES STUDIES
Data Forms .
Specific Data To Be Collected .........•..........
Report Format .
C.AQUATIC HABITAT AND INSTREAM FLOW STUDIES
Data Forms .
Data Transfer .........•...................•....•.
IV.QUALITY CONTROL
Adult Anadromous Fi sheri es Studi es .
Resident And Juvenile Anadromous Fisheries Studies .
Aquatic Habitat And Instream Flow Studies ...•.........
Data Rout;ng .
V.REPORT SCHEDULE .
VI.PERSONNEL ...........••.....................................
VII.LITERATURE CITED
APPENDICES
I.Sonar Installation And Operation Manual
II.Oscilloscope Operation
III.Fishwheel Operation
IV.Fish Tagging
V.Electro-Shocking (Addended)
VI.Habitat Site Locations
VII.RJ Sampling Techniques
VIII.AH Instruction Manuals
XI.FY-83 Data Form Coding And Instructions
85
96
103
110
115
115
115
116
116
127
140
141
143
153
154
154
155
156
157
161
164
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I.INTRODUCTION
The Susitna River, Southcentra1 Alaska's major river system,drains into
Cook Inlet near the City of Anchorage (Figure 1).The drainage encompasses
19,400 square miles and extends north to Mt.Denali and east almost to the
town of Glenallen.The ma'instem 'river and its major tributaries are of
glacial origin and carry a heavy silt load during ice-free months.Many of
the smaller tributaries are perennially silt-free.
Construction of hydroelectric dams will affect portions of the fish and
wildlife resources of the Susitna River basin.The two-dam system proposed
would inundate in excess of 50,500 acres of aquatic and terrestrial habitat
upsteam of Devil Canyon.Historically,the long and short term
environmental impacts of hydroelectric dams have adversely altered the
sport and commercial fisheries of affected dratnaqes (Baxter and Glaude,
1980;Hagen et.a1.,1973;Hocutt,C.H.et.a1.,1980;Keller,1980;Ward
and Stanford,1979).Regu1 ati on of the mainstem river wi 11 substanti ally
alter the natural flow regime downstream.The transmission line corridor,
substations,road corridor,and construction pad sites will also impact
aquatic and terrestrial communities and their habitat.
The proposed hydroelectric development necessitates gaining a thorough
knowledge of its chemical, physical and biological parameters and their
seasonal relationships to discharge prior to final dam design approval and
construction authorization.Preliminary environmental assessments of the
project noted deficiencies in the state of knowledge of the Susitna River
drainage fisheries (FWS-ADF&G,1978).
The extensive studies being carried out by the Alaska Department of Fish
and Game's Su Hydro Aquatic Studies Team 'entail the collection of large
quantities of field data concerned with the distribution and abundance of
fish populations,and the aquatic habitat associated with these fish
populations in the Susitna River drainage to be impacted by the proposed
hydropower development.The Data Processing Support Unit of the study team
was created to provide the expertise and manpower necessary to catalog,
summarize,analyze,and manage these data.
-1-
The following basic objectives are to be addressed in the Phase I field
fisheries studies.
To insure adequate information is available to determine the impacts of the
proposed hydroelectric project and to design proper mitigative strategies,
a two-phase data collection program has been developed. This manual
addresses Phase I (July 1,1980-December 31.1981)procedures to be
conducted within those study areas outlined in Figure'2.Modification
(e.g."revisions,deletions,addi~ions,or corrections)to the program over
the life of the study into Phase II will be addressed in addendums to this
manual.
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OBJECTIVE 1
Task 1.1
Task 1.2
Task 1.3
Task 1.4
Determine the seasonal distribution and relative abundance
of adult anadromous fi sh popul ations produced within the
study area.
Enumerate and characterize the runs of the adult anadromous
fish.
Determine the timing and nature of migration,milling and
spawning activities.
Identify spawning locations within the study area'(i.e.,
subreaches of the mainstem sloughs and side channels,
tributary confluences,lakes and ponds,etc.)and estimate
their comparative importance.
Identify and determine methods,means and the feasibility of
estimating the Susitna River contribution to the Cook Inlet
commerical fishery.
-2-
Figure 1.Susitna River Basin (approximate scale 1:2,200,000)
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Drainage Boundary
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SUSITNA RIVER DRAINAGE BASIN
~1981 Open Water Study Area
~1980-1981 Winter Study'Area
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Fi gure 2.Phase II study areas,Susitna River basin.
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To meet the above objectives,the study program is separated into three
sections;Adult Anadromous Fisheries,Resident and Juvenile Anadromous
Fisheries,and Aquatic Habitat and Instream Flow Studies.The operations
of the Anadromous Adult and Resident and Juvenile Anadromous field
investigations will be interrelated and conducted in cooperation with
Aquati c Habitat and Instream Flow studi es.The speci fi c procedures for
completion of each section of the program are described in this manual.
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OBJECTIVE 2
Task 2.1
Task 2.2
OBJECTIVE 3
Task 3.1
Task 3.2
Determine the seasonal distribution and relative abundance
of selected resident and juvenile anadromous fish
populations within the study area.
Identify spawning and rearing locations of the resident
species and the rearing locations of juvenile anadromous
species to estimate their comparative importance.
Record descriptive information on captured fish (species,
location of capture site,age class),and discuss seasonal
migration patterns of selected adult resident species.
Characterize the seasonal habitat requirements of selected
anadromous and resident species within the study area and
their relationship with the mainstem river discharge.
Identify the physical and chemical conditions which appear
to be influencing the suitability of various habitat types
for the species and life history stages of interest.
Characterize the physical and chemical parameters of the
various seasonal habitat types found in the study area as
they relate to mainstem discharge.
The objectives of the Data Processing Support Unit of the ADF&G Su Hydro
Aquatic Studies Team remain seperate from the field study program.The
objectivies of this unit are:
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OBJECTIVE I
Task 1.1
Task 1.2
Task 1.3
Task 1.4
Task 1.5
Task 1.6
Task 1.7
Provide data processing and data base systems management
support to the field program elements.The tasks under this
objective are:
Computerization of all data collected in the field studies,
this computerization into retrievable data base systems
allows for easy and accurate retrieval of data for analysis
and summarization.
Development and mainteance of a computer-based data base
management system.
Production of summary report tables and computer plotted
graphics,with simple univariate statistics (e.g.minimums,
maximums,means,and confidence intervals).
Programming and execution of programs to provide computer
quality execution of statistical analyses .
Provide nunerical and statistical analyses of scientific
and technical data collected by the field program elements.
Provide advice on experimental sampling design of the
field study programs,to ensure that the field studies will
yie1d the type and quantity of data needed to meet their
objectives.
Provide biometric evaluation of the study team's
scientific reports,to ensure that all conclusions are
founded upon sound statistical analyses and interpretation
of the collected field data.
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Lastly,standard scale pattern analysis techniques will be used to define
the separatability of Susitna River spawning sockeye salmon stocks north of
Talkeetna from two major sockeye salmon stocks in the Talkeetna and
Chulitna rivers (Task 1.1}.
For the Bering cisco,fishwheels and electrofishing equipment will be used
to define migrational abundance, timing and spawning activity (Tasks 1.1 -
1.3).Eulachon will be monitored for relative abundance, timing and
migrational characteristics by the use of set nets and electrofisning gear
(Tasks 1.1.-1.3).
Electroshocking and other various sampling gear will be used on the Susitna
River mainstem and subreaches (sloughs,side channels and tributary
confluences)along with ground and waterbourne surveys to define the extent
of anadromous fish spawning activity (Task 1.3).Radio tagging will also
be conducted to gather specific information on the migrational behavior,
timing and spawning locations of chinook,coho and chum salmon in the upper
Susitna River,principally between Talkeetna and Devil Canyon (Tasks 1.2
and 1.3).
Three principal methods will be used to ascertain distribution,abundance,
timing and migrational activity of adult anadromous salmon in the study
area (Tasks 1.1 and 1.2).They are:(1)side scan sonar (SSS)counters,
(2) tag and recapture with fishwheels and (3)aerial surveys.The SSS are
expected to accurately monitor sockeye and pink salmon escapement,and be
reasonably effective on chum and coho salmon.Tag and recapture operations
using fishwheels should effectively establish timing and escapement of
chinook, sockeye,pink,chum and coho salmon.Aerial surveys will also
provide escapement data and distribution information on chinook salmc~.
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A.ADULT ANADROMOUS FISHERIES STUDIES
II.TECHNICAL PROCEDURES
Study Description and Rationale
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Sonar Counters
Operation Periods:
Chinook Salmon:Age,sex and length samples from all
chinook salmon .
1 July to 5 September
1 July to 5 September
7 July to 12 September
7 July to 14 September
Susitna Station
Yentna Station
Sunshine Station
Talkeetna Station
Methods:
Each sonar crew in addition to other duties will collect age, length and
sex data (III Data Procedures)from daily fishwheel interceptions:
Counter accuracy wi 11 be monitored four or more times daily by hand
tallying fish related echos displayed on an oscilloscope (Appendix II).
The ratio of visual counts to SSS counts will be used to adjust the counter
as defined in the above cited manual .
A fishwheel will be operated daily in the immediate vicinity of each SSS
counter to provide species composition data for apportioning SSS counts.
The fishwheel will be sited so that its presence does not conflict or bias
sonar counter performance.
Two Bendix SSS counters will be deployed at each mainstem station,one off
each river bank.These counters will be operated by trained personnel in
accordance with the 1980 Side Scan Counter Installation and Operation
Manual,Bendix Corporation (Appendix 1).
Field operations for mainstem enumeration with side scanning sonar (SSS)
counters will begin and terminate on the following dates:
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Sockeye Salmon:
Pink Salmon:
Chum Salmon:
Coho Salmon:
Age,length and sex samples from 40 fish daily,
except that at Talkeetna Station where all
sockeye salmon will be sampled for age,length
and sex data.
Length and sex samples from 40 fish daily.
Age,length and sex samples from 20 fish daily.
Age,length and sex samples from 20 fish daily.
-9-
Operation Periods:
Tag/Recapture
7 June to 12 September
7 June to 14 September
10 June to 18 September
Sunshine Station
Talkeetna Station
Curry Stati on
Methods:
Fishwheels will be operated continously,24 hours per day,at each sampling
station.Two fishwheels will be deployed on each side of the Susitna River
at Sunshine and Talkeetna stations.At Curry Station,a single fishwheel
will be operated off each bank.Fishwheel design is described in the Phase
I ADF&G/Su Hydro Adult Anadromous Report (1981)and operation is described
The number of fish sampled for age, sex and length data is adequate to
define escapement characteristics and variability based on previous ADF&G
Susitna River investigations.Age samples will not be collected from pink
salmon due to there being only one age class apparent in the adult return.
Sonar counts and attendant data will be forwarded to the Anchorage office
every two weeks.
Field operations for tag/recapture projects will begin and end on the
following dates:
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All tags will be consecutively numbered by respective color code.
Fish recaptured at upstream tagging locations will be released following
species identification,and recording of tag type,color and number (III
Data Procedures).
in Appendix III.Each fishwheel will be checked five or more times daily
for cat~h and required maintenance. All adult salmon will be tagged and
released with the exception that at Sunshine Station and Curry Station 90
percent and 50 percent respectively of the daily pink salmon catch will be
released without being tagged.Tagging procedures are defined in Appendix
IV.Tag type and color by sampling station and species are defined below:
Yell ow
Yell ow
Yell ow
Yellow
Yellow
White
Int.Orange
Int.Orange
Int.Orange
Int.Orange
Color
Tag
1"dia.Petersen Disc Int.Orange
1"dia.Petersen Disc Int.Orange
1"dia.Petersen Disc Int.Orange
1"dia.Petersen Disc Int.Orange
1"dia.Petersen Disc Int.Orange
Type
1"dia.Petersen Disc
FT-4 Spaghetti
FT-4 Spaghetti
FT-4 Spaghetti
FT-4 Spaghetti
1"dia.Petersen Disc
FT-4 Spaghetti
FT-4 Spaghetti
FT-4 Spaghetti
FT-4 Spaghetti
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Curry Station
Chinook Salmon
Sockeye Salmon
Pink Salmon
Chum Salmon
Coho Salmon
Sunshine Station
Chinook Salmon
Sockeye Salmon
Pink Salmon
Chum Salmon
Coho Salmon
Talkeetna Station
Chinook Salmon
Sockeye Salmon
Pink Salmon
Chum Salmon
Coho Salmon
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The tagging crew at Curry Station will also collect age,length and sex
data (III Data Procedures)for each species as follows:
Chinook Salmon:All chinook salmon will be sampled for age, sex and
length.
Sockeye Salmon:All sockeye salmon will be sampled for age, sex and
length.
Chum Salmon:Age,length and sex samples from 20 fish daily.
Coho Salmon:Age,length and sex samples from 20 fish daily.
Pink Salmon:Length and sex samples from 40 fish daily.
The Sunshine and Talkeetna Station tagging crews will be responsible for
collecting adult salmon age,length and sex samples as defined in the
methods section under sonar monitoring until such time as the ~onar
installations are operating.
All non-adult salmon interceptions in the fishwheels will be identified by
species and recorded in the Daily Fishwheel Catch Log form (III Data
Procedures).
Tag and recapture data will be forwarded to the Anchorage office every two
weeks.
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Mainstem Surveys
Operation Period and Survey Reach:
Field operations for identifying Susitna River mainstem spawning areas will
begin and end on the following dates:
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Sunshine Survey crew
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1 August to 1 October
1 August to 7 October
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The geographic area of responsibility for each crew is:
Susitna Station Survey - Estuary to Kashwitna River
Sunshine Survey -Kashwitna River to Talkeetna
Talkeetna Survey - Talkeetna to Devil Canyon
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Talkeetna Survey crew 7 August to 7 October
Additionally,the Talkeetna and Sunshine Survey crews will cooperatively
conduct tag and recapture surveys on selected tributaries below RM 99 as
listed:
The Susitna Station crew will perform mainstem surveys six days a week
during the survey peri ode Talkeetna Stati on and Sunshine Station survey
crews will sample the mainstem for spawning fish five day~a week
throughout the survey period.
Birch Creek 88.4 8/7 -8/25 weekly
9/15 -9/28 .weekly
Fish Creek 97.1 8/15 -8/28 weekly
Byers Creek 97.8 8/21 -9/7 weekly
Troublesome Creek 97.8 8/27 -9/15 weekly
Answer Creek 84.1 9/15 -9/28 weekly
Question Creek 84.1 9/15 -9/28 weekly
Cache Creek 95.4 9/15 -9/28 weekly
Swan Creek 97.8 9/21 -9/28 once
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SPAWNING AREA RIVER MILE SAMPLING PERIOD SURVEY FREQUENCY
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Methods:
The following gear will be used to determine the presence of mainstem
spawning:
1.Electroshockers
2.Drift gillnets
3.Egg deposition pump
Each mainstem survey crew will be assigned a 20 foot river boat powered by
a 75 h.p.engine with a jet unit.
Mainstem survey crews will assess mainstem spawning in the three sections
of river primarily usi ng el ectroshocking equi pment.The vari abi 1ity of
habitat to be sampled both between and within the three sections
necessitates the use of two electrode systems. A mobile electrode system
wi 11 be used when el ectroshocking in areas of restri cted boat
maneuverability,and a stationary or boom electrode system, with a larger
shocking field,will be used in areas of unrestricted boat maneuverability.
Specific operational and safety procedures are outl ined in Appendix V.
Catch data will be recorded on the appropriate forms (III Data Procedures).
Salmon caught by electroshocking will not be assumed spawning at the catch
location unless all of the following criteria are met:
1. Fish exhibits spawning maturation colors and morphology.
2. Fish expells eggs or milt'when slight pressure is
exerted on the abdomen.
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3. Fish is in vigorous condition,with 25 percent or more
of the eggs or milt remaining in the body cavity.
4. Additional electroshocking effort produces fish meeting
criteria 1 through 3 abov~.
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All adult non-anadromous species caught,will be identified,sampled for
length and sex,and tagged.Tagging methods are outlined in the Resident
and Juvenile methods section of this Procedures Manual.
Drift gillnets will be used as contingency gear i~the event of an
electrical malfunction to the electroshocking units.If used,drift
gillnets will be fished in the mainstem by extending the net out
perpendicular to the river channel,with the outside end of the float line
attached to a buoy and the other fixed to the boat.Mainstem areas fished
by thi s method.shoul d be substanti ally free of surface and subsurface
debris and shallow enough to allow the net to reach within a foot (or less)
of the bottom.The same criteria outlined under electroshocking will be
used to ascertain whether gillnet captured fish are spawning at the catch
location.Catch data will be recorded on the appropriate sampling form
(III Data Procedures)•
Where water depth allows,suspected mainstem spawning areas will be sampled
for egg deposition.A backpack mounted water pump and two circular
standing screen cod end nets 18 inches in diameter will be used to sample
the.river bed.Equipment operating procedures will be demonstrated in the
field.Results will be recorded on the appropriate sampling form (III Data
Procedures).
Mainstem survey crews will be comprised of one member from each project
(Adult Anadromous (AA),Resident and Juvenile (RJ)and Aquatic Habitat
(AH)).In addition to AA assessment of mainstem spawning,survey crews
will be addressing RJ and AH project objectives.These objectives are
outlined in the RJ and AH technical procedures.
Slough and Tributary Surveys
Operation Period and Survey Reach:
-14-
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Methods:
Once weekly from 7 August to 7 September,the Gold Creek survey crew will
fish a set gill net for two hours off each bank of the Susitna River
between a point one mile upstream of Portage Creek and Devil Canyon.
A crew will survey weekly all known and suspected anadromous fish spawning
sloughs and tributaries between RM 99 and Devil Canyon from 3 August to 7
October.The crew will base their operation from Gold Creek Station .
SURVEY DISTANCES (MILES)RIVER MILETRIBUTARYSTREAM
Whiskers Creek 101.4 0.5
Chase Creek 106.4 0.75
Gash Creek 111.6 0.75
Lane Creek 113.6 0.5
Lower McKenzie Creek 116.2 0.5
McKenzie Creek 116.7 0.5
Dead Horse Creek 120.9 0.5
5th July Creek 123.7 0.25
Skull Creek 124.7 0.25
Sherman Creek 130.8 0.25
4th July Creek 131.0 0.25
Gold Creek 136.7 0.25
Indian River 138.6 1.0
Jack Long Creek 144.5 0.25
Portage Creek 148.9 0.25
Sloughs will be surveyed in the tr entirety and tributary streams will be
surveyed from their confluence with the Susitna River mainstem to survey
distance outlined in the following chart:
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Sloughs (spring fed).and tributary streams listed in the preceding section
wi 11 be surveyed on foot in thei r enti rety except as indi cated.Stream
surveyors will wear polarized glasses and use hand-held tally counters to
record live tagged and untagged adult salmon and carcasses.Survey data
will be recorded on the appropriate forms (III Data Procedures)and
forwarded to the Anchorage office every two weeks.
Set nets used to sample the river reach between Devil Canyon and a point
one mi 1e upstream of Portage Creek wi 11 be uniform and wi 11 be fi shed
perpendicular to the river channel from the shore.Each net will be 50
feet long,5 feet deep,and have a stretched mesh size of 5.2 inch. Set
net locations are shown in Appendix III.Catch information will be
recorded on the appropriate form (III Data Procedures).
Chinook Salmon Aerial Surveys
Operation Period And Survey Reach:
Chinook salmon escapement surveys will be conducted on known and suspected
spawning tributaries between Talkeetna and Devil Canyon between 21 July and
7 August by the Adult Anadromous Project Leader or his assistant.
Additionally,surveys will be conducted drainage wide if survey data
normally collected by Region II ADF&G Sport Fish DiVision and shared with
the Su Hydro project is not collected •
Methods:
Chinook salmon surveys will be conducted via helicopter.The observer will
wear polarized glasses and use tally counters to enumerate live and dead
chinook salmon. Survey data will be recorded on the appropriate form (III
Data Procedures).
Eulachon Survey
Operation Period and Survey Reach:
-16-
-17-
Methods:
Survey reach will extend from the intertidal estuary to the upper spawning
limits (Kashwitna River confluence,approximately)
Fishing time will be monitored to the nearest minuteoand shall extend to
thirty minutes on each set except when observation indicates a 300 plus
eulachon catch at which time fishing will be discontinued until the next
scheduled fishing tide.
begin immediately following ice-out {15 May,
terminate at the completion of spawning {10 June,
Field activities will
approximately)and will
approximately) .
An electroshocking boat will be operated on the Susitna River from the
estuary (RM 6) to the upper limit of migration (RM 60, approximately) to
define spawning areas.This boat will be operated daily when the sampling
crew is not involved in set net related duties in the estuary.Specific
operation and safety procedures on the electroshocking gear are outlined in
Appendix V.Eulachon intercepted by electroshocking gear will not be
assumed spawning at a catch location unless all of the following criteria
are met:
A standard set gill net (1.5 inch stretch mesh,25 ft long, 5 feet deep)
will be fished at two f i e ld selected sites in the Susitna River estuary
every third high tide for the first seven days and thereafter,every fifth
high tide except when the fifth high tide occurs during non-day light hours
wherein the preceding high tide will be considered the frequency end and
will be fished accordingly.
The two field selected set net sites will'be fished independently and
repetitively in the same order.Fishing time at the first slte will begin
45 minutes prior to high tide and at the second site,15 minutes following
high tide.Daily high tides in the Susitna River estuary will be
determined by applying a minus 36 minute correction factor to the 1982 high
tide table for the Anchorage District (U.S. Coast Guard, 1982).
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2. Fish are in vigorous free-swimming condition.
3.Twenty or more fish are caught in the initial or subsequent
site sampling effort which meet criteria 1 through 2 above.
One hundred eulachon will be sampled daily from the electroshockingcatch
to determine sex ratio.Morphological characteristics (and if necessary
internal examination)will be used to determine sex.Ten age (two otoliths
per fish),weight (0.1g)and length (snout to fork of tail)samples per sex
will also be collected daily.Otolith collection procedures will be
demonstrated in the field by the AA Project Leader or his assistant.
Set netting,AWL and electroshocking data will be recorded as defined on
the appropriate forms (III Data Procedures)and transferred to the
Anchorage office every two weeks.
Bering Cisco
Operation Period:
lnvestigations will be conducted at Susitna,Yentna and Sunshine stations
in conjuction with scheduled adult salmon sampling activities.
Additionally at Sunshine Station,the lower east bank fishwheel will be
operated to 26 September;14 days beyond the close of the sonar and tagging
operation.
Timing of mainstem spawning surveys on Bering Cisco will be identical to
that defined in the previous section titled:Mainstem Surveys
Methods:
Mainstem sampling stations will use fishwheels to intercept adult upstream
migrant Berf nq Cisco. Catches will be recorded on the Daily Fishw~eel
Catch Log form (III Data Procedures).Twenty age (scale)and length
-18-
Radio Tagging
(tip-of-snout to fork-of-tail)samples will be collected daily at each
mainstem station.
Mainstem spawning areas will be surveyed by the three survey crews outlined
in the previous section under Mainstem Surveys in this Procedures Manual .
These crews wi 11 identify rna i nstem Beri ng Ci sco spawni ng areas by the
criteria and methodology used for adult salmon in the above referenced
section of this manual.
Project personnel will radio tag approximately 48 adult salmon (16 chinook,
16 coho,and 16 chum salmon)and monitor their migrational movement to
completion of spawning.Radio tagging will be conducted at both Talkeetna
and Curry stations with equal emphasis on each location.Fish will be
intercepted by fishwheels operating at these as defined below:
Tagging
Period
15 June -15 July
15 July - 7 Sept.
15 July - 7 Sept.
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16 June and terminate 1 October,
in the river reach between Talkeetna
-19-
Number Tagged
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Talkeetna Station Curry Station
Chinook
Chum
Coho
Methods:
Operation Dates and Survey Reach:
Species
Field investigations will begin
approximately.Attention will focus
(RM 98)and Devil Canyon (RM 150).
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All tags used will be low frequency (40 MHz)and will have a life
expectency of 90 days or more, with a reception distance of not less than
one mile.
There will be no attempt to bias selection of radio fish other than no fish
will be tagged with a transmitter that has been tagged previously with
either Floy or Petersen disc tag or is lethargic or shows any external
injury.Once a fish has been selected it will be transferred to a water
tight box containing a fish anesthetic.The fish will be ready to tag
within about two minutes.
The cigar-shaped radio transmitter to be used is next tested for signal
reception in water. Then,it is coated with water soluble glycerin,and
with the help of plexiglass tubes,is slid through the mouth and esophagus
into the stomach.Prior to release of the fish,the transmitter is tested
again.The salmon is gently transferred to the river near shore,where it
is held until it forcefully swims away.Preliminary tracking will commence
from a boat.
When several fish have been tagged and released,periodic boat trips and
flights will commence to document their new locations.In this study,boat
tracking will occur at least three times weekly.-Two tracking flights will
also be made per week (weather permitting),with fixed wing aircraft and/or
helicopters.Both manual and scanning radio receivers will be used.From
the radio tracking equipped boat,fish will be pinpointed to ±20 feet of
their actual locations .
Data will be recorded on the appropriate froms (III Data Procedures)and
will be forwarded to the Anchorage office every two weeks.
Stock Separation
Operation Dates:
-20-
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Field operations will begin 1 July and terminate 7 September. Scale
reading data analysis performed by the Department's Stock Separation
Section will begin 1 October and finish 1 December,approximately.
Methods:
Forty sockeye salmon will be sampled for age, length and sex daily at
F.R.E.D.Division weirs at Byers (Chulitna River)and Larson (Talkeetna)
lakes for a targeted sample size of 500 per weir site (III Data
Procedu res)•Age samp 1 i ng wi 11 entai 1 removal of two sca 1es from the
"pr eferred zone"of each fi sh;1ength measurements wi 11 be taken from mi d
eye to fork-of-tail;sex determination will be ascertained by morphological
evaluation.
As previously outlined in this Procedures Manual,Talkeetna and Curry
stations staff will collect an age,length and sex sample from all sockeye
salmon intercepted by the fishwheels operating at these sites.
Samples collected at Larson Lake,Byers Lake, Talkeetna Station,and Curry
Stations will be analyzed by the Department's Stock Separation Section
using standard separability techniques.
-21-
B.RESIDENT AND JUVENILE ANADROMOUS FISHERIES STUDIES
Study Description and Rationale
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Sub-objectives and Study Design
Study Design by Objective
2.Characterize the seasonal habitat requirements of selected
juvenile anadromous and resident species within the study area.
of
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abundance
estimate
group.
Define the seasonal distribution and relative
resident and juvenile anadromous fish and
comparative value of the habitats utilized by each
1.
The reach of river between the Chulitna confluence and Devil Canyon and the
reach between the Chulitna confluence and Cook Inlet estuary will
experience seasonal discharge,water quality,and temperature changes to
different degrees as the hydro-electric project is developed.However,in
determining the baseline resources of these lower reaches of the river the
The following section addresses sub-objectives and the experimental design
component necessary to complete the general objectives outlined.In
addition,the field study is outlined along with the analytical approach to
be used in the preparation of reports.
The overall scope of the studies relative to the major objectives for the
Resident and Juvenile add ended program are:
The proposed work plan for the 1982-83 fiscal year provided a basic outline
of the fi e1d components proposed for the upcomi ng fi e 1d season.Much of
this work is a continuation of the program implemented in 1981 and is
currently conti nui ng through the 1982 season.Thi s secti on wi 11 further
describe the purpose of these studies and the rationale behind the approach
proposed for this coming field season.
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same basic approach for the distribution and abundance surveys will be used
as similar questions are being addre~sed.
The objectives identified are broken down into specific sub-objectives.In
cases where particular questions are being addressed,the study
sub-objective is further broken down into questions.In those instances
when the primary goal is to collect baseline data to determine the resource
base that may be impacted by the project,the study can be identified
totally within the sub-objective.Each of the sub-objectives are
identified and discussed by number.
1.Quantify the relative use of the different major habitat types
over a seasonal basis in the reaches of river below Devil Canyon
-~and the Chulitna confluence.
2. Determine,and estimate their relative importance of the factors
which influence the use of these habitat locations and the
distribution of fish within these habitats.
Within the framework of sub-objectives 1 and 2, the following questions
will be addressed:
Is the distribution and abundance of the selected fish species
affected by natural occurring variations in the hydraulic
conditions within each of these habitats?
Are factors other than hydraulics dominating the distribution and
abundance of fish at these sites?
To address these questions the following study plan will be employed.
Each of the habitat locations that are associated with a slough or
tributary can be divided into several hydraulic zones.These zones can be
identified by direct observation into the following categories:
-23-
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-24-
mixing zones of the
is principally influenced
Areas that are characterized as
tributary/slough where surface velocity
by the mainstem flow.
3.
If differences in abundance of the selected species are measured between
these zones and it appears that other variables are not the factors
influencing this distribution,data collected in cooperation with Aquatic
Habitat personnel can relate the changes in surface area of the different
2.Areas that are backwater conditions created by elevated stages of
the mainstem Susitna.At certain tributary mouths and during low
discharges of the Susitna,these areas will be very limited or
non-existent.
1.Areas that have direct flow from tributaries,ground water,or
mainstem overflow,with no influence of backwater from the
mainstem Susitna.
To test if the fish distribution and abu.ndance are affected by hydraulic
conditions rather than other variables of the habitat,other measurements
will be recorded at each site and the observations and opinions of the
field biologists will be used to determine the validity of the experimental
design.Other variables to be recorded include temperature,turbidjty,
substrate,cover,dissolved oxygen,and conductivity.The techniques to be
employed in the sampling procedure are outlined in the field sampling
sections for the distribution study,and the electrofishing study.
The relative value of each of these zones will be measured by collection of
field data that will provide estimates of relative populations of juvenile
or resident fish wi thf n:these zones over a 1imited time period.The
experimental design includes the following assumptions; one,that
populations of resident and juvenile fish using these habitats are
transient populations over a seasonal period but remain constant for the
duration of a single sampling period;and two,that the sampling methods
employed are equally effective among the zones and refle~t the relative
abundance of the species within the zones.
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zones to changes in the discharges of the mainstem Susitna.The surface
area changes will be mapped on high resolution aerial photographs during
each sampling period.In addition,staff gages at the upper hydraulic zone
will provide an indication of the discharge in the slough or tributary at
different mainstem flows.Finally,readings from a staff gauge at the
mouth of the slough or tributary can be correlated to mainstem discharge to
provide information as to the relative depth at this location .
Analysis of the data will include a narrative description of the factors
that appear to influence the distribution and abundance of juvenile and
resident fish during different seasonal periods at each of the .habitat
locations.Within a sampling location,the relative catch per unit effort
(CPUE)can be evaluated statistically to determine if s tqntf tcant
differences occur between the sampl ing zones,at any given time period.
The data wi 11 be converted to rel ative terms,rather than absolute numbers ,
to .compare the relative values of the different zones during different
sampling periods.Finally,the comparative value of the different sites
can be evaluated on a seasonal basis by evaluation of the overall CPUE
rates for each site.The surface area of the different habitat components \_
at each location will be mapped and can be used to weight the CPUE data to J
determine the overall importance of each of the sites.Details of data
analysis will be included in the data analysis section.
3.Examine a.wider range of habitats,not previously studied in both
the upper river (Above the Chulitna confluence)and in the lower
river.
The distribution and abundance of resident and juvenile fish on the Susitna
River has had only one year of intensive investigation (1981). In order to
insure that an important component of the fisheries population has not been
overlooked, a portion of the field program will look at habitats not
previously sampled to determine if they contain significant populations of
fish.Emphasis will be placed on examining those areas that can be
affected by relatively small changes in streamflow rates .and levels,
temperatures,or water quality parameters and that have, in the opinion of
the field biologist,potential for significant fisheries populations or
-25-
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habitat.Areas identified as having significant biological potential and,
have the potential for being affected by changes in hydrology, temperature
or water quality,will be identified for further detailed investigations.
Sampling these components will involve the use of opportunistic gear by the
distribution study team and the use of the boat electroshocker.
All of the crews will record observations made while completing the
assigned activities and provide both narrative and quantitative data where
possible to support observations as to the relative importance of certain
areas and the sensitivity of these areas to environmental changes.
4.Determine the rate of development of eggs during incubation,and
the timing of emergence and outmigration of juvenile salmon and
resident species as a function of environmental conditions.
This program is designed to provide a data base that can· be used to
evaluate the effect of changes in the environment after the project comes
on line,to these stages in the life cycle of the salmon.
After egg deposition,the relative survival rate of juvenile salmon is \~r}.1,,\
determined by the habitat conditions,such as temperature and water quality~~
that are maintained in the redd.Changes in these conditions may increase
mortality or alter the time of emergence so that juvenile salmon will
experience hostile conditions upon emergence and have significantly lower
rates of survival.
The rate of development of juvenile salmon under ambient conditions will be
studied in situ,while monitoring simultaneously the environmental
conditions of these redds through the winter until emergence.
The outmigration timing of the juvenile salmon species in addition to the
downstream migration timing of resident juvenile species will be made by
use of a smolt trap operated above the Chulitna confluence.The smolt trap
will provide basic biological data to de~ermine the relative condition and
stage of development of the species collected.
-26-
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The program outlined will provide answers to the following question:
What are the baseline conditions with regard to timing and
condition of outmigrating juvenile salmon and what are the
baseline rates of development and emergence times of the early
life stages of Susitna River salmon?
In conjunction with temperature data acquisition efforts and field studies
.of the Aquatic Habitat program, the following question can be addressed:
How do these development rates,emergence times,and outmigration
corre 1ate wi th the natural changes in envi ronmenta 1 condi ti ons
measured?
The subsequent analysis of this data should provide some insight as to the
variability of the biological development and outmigrant behavior among the
different species and within a given species.
This data base can subsequently be used to evaluate changes in development
that the various species and life stages may display as a result of changes
in the thermal conditions associated with the dam.
5.Determine the distribution and abundance of fisheries resources
within the boundaries of the proposed impoundments.
The flooding of clearwater stream reaches,the mainstem Susitna,and nearby
lakes will dramatically alter the aquatic environment that presently
supports populations of resident fish.In order to assess the potential
loss of this resource and to determine the mitigation activities necessary,
the resource to be affected requires documentation to determine the nature
and extent of these populations and their dependence on particular habitat
conditions.
An active tag and.recapture program was initiated during the 1981 field
season to provide an inventory of fish populations within the impoundment
zone. This coming field season will provide an opportunity to more
-27-
•
This information should provide an indication of the dependency of the
grayling populations on the mainstem Susitna for overwintering,and provide
In general,tag recoveries should provide an estimate of intra-system
migration for the Arctic grayling tagged last year and some suggestion as
to the constancy of the populations involved in the clear water tributary
areas previously sampled.
To determine whether the reach of tributary immediately above the
impoundment zone will contain habitat similar to the habitat at the mouths
of the clear water tributaries,under present conditions,joint RJ and AH
personnel will provide brief surveys of this reach of the tributaries to
estimate relative abundance of fish present and to make compartive
evaluations 'of the habitat that will be present after the impoundment is
formed.The presence of barriers to fish passage or the inundation of
existing barriers will be noted.
During the winter season,the distribution and migration of grayling will
be monitored by use of radio telemetry.Previous efforts at overwinter
sampling have produced very limited results because of difficult sampling
conditions.Fish tagged during the fall will be monitored through the
wi nter season in order to determine overwi nteri ng areas,and to
subsequently follow spring migration and to identify spawning areas.
Current.information suggests that the fish spawn during ice out in the
spring necessitating such techniques to identify key spawning areas.
.._....~~-----
-28-
accurately estimate these populations,and to examine in further detail,
the very large potential habitat within the impoundment zone that did not
receive extensive study last year.The lower section of the clear water
tributaries will be sampled again for tag recovery.The mainstem Susitna
which was not sampled during the previous year,and at least one lake that
wi 11 be inundated by the impoundment,(1 ocally named Sally Lake)wi 11 be
sampled in more detail with the goal of obtaining a population estimate.
Sampling by use of gill nets or Fyke nets to provide adequate samples for
tag and recapture estimates,or by the use of sonar equipment for survey
counts will be employed.
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an indication of how critical this habitat is for the spawning and survival
of the tributary populations.
Data analysis will consist of estimation of populations in the tributary
reaches,and evaluation of intrasystem movements using recaptured and radio
tagged fish.Spawning areas will be identified and the basic biological
data for all species collected will be summarized.New components of the
biological community or finding different from the 1981 studies will be
identified.
6.Determine the relative distribution'of the invertebrate
populations and the fish food preference for selected species.
Populations of juvenile chinook, coho, sockeye and chum salmon have been
sampled in various slough habitats in the Susitna River.Because of the
potential for dewatering these habitats and restricting the rearing habitat
for these species,a preliminary study will be conducted to determine the
relative distribution of the invertebrate communities and to determine
which components of these communities are important for juvenile fish.
Of particular interest is the community occupying slow moving waters in the
slough habitats in the spring that provide a food base for chum -sa lmon
during their short fresh water rearing cycle.The invertebrate populations
that exist during the open water season that provide a food base for the
other salmon juveniles will also be studied.Because changes in the local
hydraulic conditions of these habitats may eliminate the food source,or
the fish may emerge earlier from the gravel because of elevated winter
water temperatures,the avai 1abi 1 ity and the relative importance of the
food source for these species will provide insight into the survival of the
species under post project conditions.In addition,examination of
mainstem and tributary habitat should provide some information with regard
to the overall distribution of these invertebrate species and an improved
understanding of the possible distribution of invertebrates of the mainstem
under post project conditions.
-29-
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The major goals of this study are to provide an initial preliminary
examination of the food base,its relative distribution,and the
selectivity of chinook, coho,and chum salmon juveniles with regard to
feeding habits.Depending upon the results of this initial investigation,
the study will be dir~cted during the 1983 field season to determine
quantitive estimates of Ain the food base used by these species and to
examine if the flow regimes and water quality under post project conditions
will provide an alternative food supply or possible enhancement of the
rearing potential of the system.
The study will be concentrated in the river reach above the Chulitna
confluence with invertebrate samples taken from representative sloughs
which have populations of rearing fish.Tributaries and mainstem sites
will also be sampled to provide a comparative base for understanding the
distribution of these populations.
The data will be analyzed by examination of the ~rray of food items
~vailable versus those consumed as determined by stomach content analysis.
This will be performed for each of the general habitat types.In addition
to the invertebrate populations,three of the different habitat types will
be compared.
Summary of Objectives
The previous discussion has outlined selected sub-objectives that the
Resident and Juvenile Anadromous studies will be addressing.In addition
to the activities listed,support will be provided to the Aquatic Habitat
and Instream Flow programs and the Adult Anadromous programs.As much of
the data co11 ected from all three programs is necessary for each program
segment to address the objectives established,both exchange of information
and assistance on the various overlapping components of the study will be
conducted throughout the summer and during preparation of the reports.The
details of the analytical components will be addressed in the data analysis
section of this procedure manual.
Fish Distribution Study
-30-
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Methods:
The methods described reflect a change in emphasis from the 1981-82
sampling program from collection of broad based distribution and biological
data of resident and juvenile anadromous fisheries,to providing a more
detailed study of the populations and factors~fecting their 'distribution
at a limited number of sites.
Critical habitat examined in the upper and lower river areas for juvenile
and resident fisheries include the mouths of selected tributaries,side
slough areas,and limited mainstem sites.Most frequently,these sites are
classified rather arbitrarily as there 'is often a slough associated with
the mouth of a clear water tributary with the mainstem Susitna present at
the mouth of the sloughs.At higher water 1eve1s the slough often has
mainstem Susitna water flowing through the upper end and the slough
resembles a side channel of the mainstem Susitna.
Because of the transient nature of many of the populations of resident and
juvenile fish in the Susitna river,catch rates at many of these sites
reflect migratory behavior of the population present at any point in time.
In certain areas however,the popul ati on may have recently emerged from
spawning beds near the sites and are rearing near their natal areas.
In order to evaluate the relative importance of the sites,the hydraulic
conditions present at a sampling site have been classified into zones.The
zones reflect areas of different surface velocity or orgination of water
source in the case of tributaries.The zones are then sampled
independently so that comparisions can be made in the utilization and
importance of each of the zones as well as to characterize the physical
changes in surface area,velocity,substrate,and other water qual ity
parameters of each of the zones over time.These changes can subsequently
be compared to the changes in discharge,water temperature,and water
quality of the mainstem Susitna.
Each of the sites have been classified into separate zones that are
illustrated in figure 1 as a typical example.The two separate
-31-
-32-
illustrations depict a theoretical change in the spatial distribution of
the zones over time,and can be correlated with corresponding changes in
discharge,of the mainstem Susitna,tributary discharge,or ground water
discharge to the sites.The number of zones will vary at each site,
depending on the complexitity of the hydraulic conditions that occur at
each site.
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Figure 1.Hypothetical map of hydraulic zones of a typical Susitna River
slough at high and low mainstem river discharge.
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Fisheries Data Collection Techniques:
Set gear to be used at each of the sites include the following:
1.Trotline
2. Five to 10 minnow traps.
The specific methods used in deploying this gear.are outlined in the
technical appendix.
Additional opportunistic gear will be employed on a site by site basis.
These will include peach seines,back pack electrofishing gear,set and
drift gill nets,fish traps,and hook and line sampling.The deployment of
this gear is also outlined in the technical appendix.
The use of the opportunistic gear will depend upon site conditions and will
be deployed to make observations as to the relative distribution of species
and age classes of fish not collected by the two methods.
Standard biological measurements of the species will be made including
scale samples from representative subsamples of the collected species.All
adult resident species will be tagged and released,when possible,and
recaptured tagged fish will be recorded.Details of the data to be
recorded and fi e 1d methods are included in the Data Procedu res and the
technical appendix.
Physical Habitat Measurements:
At each site,the surface area of each of the hydraulic zones will be
delineated with the date and time noted.Delineations will be on high
resolution aerial photographs 'or maps of the area.Time and date data will
be used later to determine the discharge of the mainstem of the reach of
river influencing the hydraulic conditions at the respective site.
Staff gages installed at each site will be recorded during each visit.
Details on staff gage installation and data analysis are addressed in the
-34-
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Aquatic Habitat procedures manual.These data will ultimately reflect the
distribution of velocities of the water column in each zone.
Also the velocities of each zone that represent the areas fished by the
minnow traps are estimated by a series of point measurements of velocities
with a velocity meter.The areas being fished by the traps are
-occasionally examined by fluorescene dye placed in the traps to determine
the dispersion of the scent of the bait in the traps.A single
representative velocity is recorded for all of the replicate samples with
in each zone.Velocity measurements are recorded in accordance within the
procedures outlined in the Aquatic Habitat procedures manual.
The dominant substrate within each zone that is associated with the area
fished by the minnow traps is recorded.If the substrate is compactly
embedded in finer material ,it is noted on the data form. Other comments on
substrate are included in the field data.
The turbidity is also measured in the area being fished by the minnow
traps.Other water qual ity parameters that are recorded for each zone
include dissolved oxygen,pH,conductivity,air and water temperature.
Details of these techniques are outlined in the Aquatic Habitat procedures
manual.
The zones are also characterized as to the relative amount of cover present
and type.The micro-habitat within the zones is to be sampled similarly
among the different zones.When thi sis not possibl e because of the
presence or absence of different types of micro-habitat,such as ~over,the
differences between the zones are noted in the field notes.
Field Notes:
Because of the wide diversity in characteristics between the different
habitat locations being sampled,much of the interpretation of the data and
important information is not subject to standardized data collection
procedures.Therefore,the observations of the biologists and the
formulation of hypothesis as to the factors influencing the distribution
-35-
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and abundance of the important fish species in these areas will be
performed by the field biologists conducting the surveys.
Detailed daily field notes to be kept will address at a minimum,the
following items:
1. Hydraulic conditions.
This will include preparation of a narrative that describes the
different zones and factors that affect the hydraulic conditions
and their distribution within each site.Changes between
sampling periods and other phenomena such as changes in channel
morphology caused by high water,or icing conditions-will also be
recorded.A description as to how the changes in discharge of
the mainstem have affected the hydraulics of a s i te will also be
noted in general terms.Problems with the data base recorded or
keys to assist in its interpertation will also be noted.
2. Temperature,turbidity,and miscellaneous physical data.
This section will discuss any needed information in interpreting
the temperature data,turbi dity data,and cover or substrate
descriptions on the data sheets.Factors such as observed
upwelling of ground water,unusual readings or other conditions
that depart from the expected and hypotheses as to the cause of
the anomalies will be described.Any other unusual physical
conditions that may affect the distribution and abundance of the
fisheries in the area will be included.
3. Biology.
This section will include any observations that are pertinent to
the objectives of this study with regard to the fisheries.
Observed fish,that were not collected and their distribution
within the zones and any additional intereptation required for
the collected specimens will be included.The narrative should
-36-
Tentative locations of the 1982/83 field season sampling program during the
open water period are outlined on the following map of the Susitna river.
(Figures 2 -4).These sites have been chosen to reflect the following
conditions.
-37-
Study Locations:
1.Areas that will be affected by changes in discharge of the
mainstem Susitna.
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2.Sites identified from previous studies to have significant
populations of resident and juvenile anadromous species.
also include departures in distribution from previous sampling
periods and new phemomena observed that are of particular
interest to the objectives of the study.Hypothesis as to the
factors that are,in the opinion of the field biologist,
influencing the abundance and distribution of the fisheries
within the area will be described.
Any other field notes that will assist in the interpetation of the data may
also be recorded during the sampling periods.These field notes will
provide the basis for preparation of the final reports on the fisheries of
these areas and the response of the fisheries to changes in habitat that
occur during the course of the field season.
The notes will be recorded so a continual journal of the events occuring at
a site through the open water season can be followed from one sampling
peri od to another.The response of the fi sheri es and of the phys ica1
condition within each site can be followed over time and can then be
described with regard to hydraulic changes that differ from sampling period
to sampling period.
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Figure 2.Susitna River Resident and ,Juvenile Anadromous fish sampling
sites (Oeshka River to Sunshine Creek),1982.
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Figure 3.Susitna River Resident and Juvenile Anadromous fish sampling
sites (Birch Creek Slough to Gold Creek),1982.
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Figure 4.Susitna River Resident and Juvenile Anadromous fish sampling
sites (Sherman to Portage Creek),1982
-40-
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3.Access to areas will not create severe logistic problems and
limit the overall scope of the studies.
4.Sites selected represent a cross section of critical habitat
available to resident and juvenile anadromous fish of the Susitna
River.
During the course of the field season,sites that have been selected may be
altered or new ones added if such action will help in meeting the overall
objectives of this investigation.
During the winter season,fish distribution patterns change significantly.
The study sites planned for the coming winter will be more restrictive in
number with more intensive investigations conducted as to absolute
populations using certain areas.These sites will be based on observations
of the di~tribution this fall and upon.evaluation of previous years winter
data.These sites will also meet the previously listed criteria.
Schedule of Activities and Frequency of Sampling:
Each of the habitat locations being sampled will be revisted on twice a
month schedule,commencing during the first week in June,up until
freeze-up.This will provide about eight to 10 sampling periods for each
site.During the ice covered period,the sampling program will be limited
to a smaller number of sites and a once per month schedule employed.
Intensive sampling with the use of a variety of techniques will be employed
during this period.
Processing of data will be an ongoing activity during the sampling period
with data analysis,summarization,and report preparation commencing
immediately after freeze-up.Field trip reports will be completed
immediately after each sampling trip and will be limited to highlighting
the findings of each sampling trip.Data forms will be reviewed and
submitted to the data processing unit immediately upon completion of each
sampling trip for entry into the project computer data base.The draft
report will be completed by the 30th of January 1983.
-41-
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Contingencies or Alternatives:
During the course of the summer field program,alternative methods for
samp 1i ng or changes in study sites wi 11 be employed when it has been
determined that the overall objectives of the fish distribution study can
be best met through modifications of the existing program.On occasion,
limited,one time experiments will be performed to test the limitations of
sampling methods, or hypotheses as to the validity of assumptions regarding
the importance of selected factors affecting the distribution and abundance
of species.In addition,examination of additional selected sites will be
performed on a limited basis when answers to specific questions regarding
how important a site is for a species or other information regarding the
overall objectives can be obtained with minimal additional effort.
Examples of such alternative studies include determination of the catch
rate of minnow traps over a 24 hour set period;examination of the
distribution of rearing coho or sockeye in the Gash Creek -Lake area,and
noting and mapping the wetted area and dewatering of habitat locations
beyond those included in the sampling program.Such incidental studies
will be used to provide additional information for addressing the overall
objectives of the planned investigation .
Electrofishing and Tagging Surveys
Three electrofishing boats will be utilized to conduct electrofishing on
the Susitna River,between Cook Inlet and Devil Canyon from ice out to
freeze-up,1982.
During cooperative studies among the various project segments, the
electrofishing boats will each be assigned to a defined reach of the river.
Two or three Aquatic Habitat,Resident Juvenile and Adult Anadromous
biologists will be assigned to each electrofishing crew, with possible
exchanging of personnel.Field stations will be located at Yentna,
Sunshine,Talkeetna,and Gold Creek.
-42-
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Tagging of adult resident fish will be accomplished by the following means:
Field notes will be recorded daily to document factors which influence the
distribution and abundance of these species.
Scales will be taken from a subsample of each species of resident and
juveni1e anadromous fi sh caught during each sampl i ng day.The subsampl e
will consist of the first 20 fish of each species and 10 percent of those
fish of each species thereafter.
During 1982 emphasis will be placed on tagging more fish than was tagged in
1981.This will be accomplished primarily by the addition,of three crews
using electrofishing boats to capture more fish and put out a greater
number of tags.
and
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resident fi sh in the
implantation of radio
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fish distribution studies.
boats.
-43-
Resident and Juvenile Anadromous
Study team using electroshocking
Catches by fishwheel operations.
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3.
Methods:
During 1981,1,550 adult resident fish were tagged with Floy anchor
disk dangler tags between Cook Inlet and Devil Canyon.In addition,
Bering cisco were also tagged with Floy anchor tags.
Electrofishing will also be used to collect adult
lower Susitna River during August and September for
tags in conjunction with the Radio Telemetry Study.
Using the boat mounted electroshocker,adult resident fish and juvenile
fish will be systematically collected.Each specimen will be identified,
measured for fork length,(or total length for juvenile salmon), tagged and
then released.The sex will be recorded and a scale sample will also be
collected,for adult specimens.
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1. Resident and Juvenile Anadromous distribution studies.
2.Electrofishing boats.
3.The angling public will be requested to return recovered tags or
report the tag number to Fish and Game with information regarding
catch date,location,and if the fish was released.The public
will be informed of the tagging program by: 1)news released to
the medi a. 2)RJ Susitna Hydro staff.3)posters placed in
locations frequented by anglers.
4. Adult Anadromous fishwheel operations.
All adult resident fish that appear to have successfully recovered from the
effects of capture and are longer than a minimum size will be tagged.
Minimum fork length for adult resident fish to be Floy tagged will be
150 mm.The minimum total length of burbot to be disk dangler or Floy
tagged will be 225 mm.
Study Locations:
Floy anchor tags wi 11 be inserted by a Floy taggi ng gun into the adult
resident fish between the lateral line and the posterior ray of the dorsal
fin.Tagging of burbot will be accomplished with a disk dangler type tag
usi ng methods descri bed by Mauney,(l965)and Rounsefe 11 , (l963) .
Insertion of the disk dangler tag will be between the dorsal fin and the
lateral line in the posterior 20 percent of the burbot.Abbreviated
instructions for the attaching the disc dangler are in the Appendix IV.
Two types of tags will be utilized,Floy anchor and disk dangler.Resident
adult species to be Floy anchor tagged are humpback and round whitefish,
longnose suckers,rainbow trout,Arctic grayling,and Dolly Varden.Burbot
will be disk dangler or Floy anchor tagged.
Recovery of tags placed on adult resident fish will be accomplished by the
following means:
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Areas to be electrofished will be field selected in the mainstem Susitna
River and its side channels and sloughs between Cook Inlet to Devil Canyon
when the conductivity is sufficient.
In addition to the selected sites sampled,specific locations will be
sampled once every two weeks by the Resident Juvenile and Aquatic Habitat,
electrofishing crews.During August 1 to September 15,all three crews
will electrofish at these sites which include the designated habitat
locations of the fish distribution studies.Sampling effort at each of the
habitat location should not exceed one hour total time including handling
of catch and data recording.
Schedule of Activities and Frequency of Sampling:
The field season will be broken into three time periods during which
-various project priorities such as resident fish or adult anadromous fish
will be addressed.These three time periods will be ice out to July 31,
August 1 to September 15,and September 16 to freeze up.During both the
ice out to July 31 and September 16 to freeze up time periods,the
individual project boats will be operated at the discretion of each of
their respective project t s leaders.From August 1 to September 15 all
three boats and their crews will conduct slough and mainstem Susitna River
anadromous spawning distribution studies.
Radio Telemetry Studies
Five rainbow trout and five burbot were each internally implanted with a
model 4500L Smith Root low frequency radio transmitter in October,1981 for
an experimental radio telemetry program on the Susitna River.
The purpose of the program was to determi ne if resident fi sh cou 1d be
successfully radio tagged internally and monitored on the Susitna River
over the winter of 1981-82.The results from the data of this program
provided a basis for determining the feasibility of expanding the program
in 1982-83.
-45-
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The data from this experimental radio telemetry program suggests expansion
of the radio telemetry program in 1982-83 will be valuable to observe
intersystem movement and establish overwintering habitat.
Methods:
During 1982-83, 80 radio tags will be deployed. Forty radio tags will be
implanted in Arctic grayling,rainbow trout,and burbot between Talkeetna
and Devi 1 Canyon,and 40 in Arcti c grayl i ng captured in the proposed
impoundment area.Implantation of the 80 radio tags will utilize the same
techniques and procedures that were used in 1981.
Study Locations:
The study sites will be between the Chulitna confluence and Devil Canyon or
the reach of river above the Devil Canyon dam site or tributaries within
these areas.
Tagging crews will radio tag healthy adult resident species collected from
within the mainstem or tributaries.Actual selection of tagging sites will
be based on the other distributional data collected during 1981 and 1982
field seasons.
Schedule of Activities and Frequency of Sampling:
The fish in the Susitna River below Devil Canyon will be captured by
electrofishing during August and September and implanted with model 4500L
Smith Root radio tags.
The 40 Arctic grayling to be radio tagged in the impoundment will be
captured by hook and line during August and September.The radio tags to
be implanted in these fish will have a tag life expenctancy of nine months.
Monitoring of the radio tagged fish to establish movement patterns will be
conducted every ten to 30 days by boat,airplane or snowmobile,untii the
tag batteries are discharged.
-46-
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Contingencies and Alternatives:
Beginning in January,attempts will be made to recapture the radio tagged
fish with gill nets and trot1ines.This will be done in order to help
locate overwintering habitats of resident fish and to observe and define
these habitats.
Experimental use of hoop nets will be employed to determine if they can be
used to collect adult residents during the winter and summer periods.
Juvenile Incubation,Emergence,and Outmigration Studies
Methods:
The methods described outline the techniques to be used for the smo1t trap
and winter incubation and emergence studies only.Data collected from the
fish distribution study and e1ectrofishing surveys pertinent to this
objective will be incorporated into the final reports.
The studies will address all juvenile anadromous species and select
juvenile resident species occurring in the reach of river above the
Chulitna confluence,with the main emphasis on the anadromous salmon
species and-resident species that spawn in habitats associated with the
mainstem.
The study will be divided into two components;the outmigrant study during
the open water period,and the incubation and emergence study which will be
conducted during the winter season of 1982/83. Separate reports will be
prepared which address these two elements.
Outmigration will be sampled by a 4.5 foot wide inclined plane mobile smo1t
trap,located in the mainstem Susitna near river mile 103.The trap will
be begin operation on the 18th of June and will continue operation until
freeze up or river ice conditions prevent further operation.Operation
will resume in the spring of 1983 upon breakup.The trap is designed to
operate at variable depths up to a maximum of four feet.Depth will be set
-47-
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by field experimentation.Placement in current and fishing position will
also be determined by field experiment. Schedule for time fished while in
operation will depend upon maintenance requirements.
Data collected at the traps will include species number,lengths,distance
from shore,depth fished,fate of captured fish,representative age
classification by scale samples,and time fished.Variables that will be
used to measure outmigrant capture rates will include Gold Creek discharge,
temperature,diurnal timing,turbidity,seasonal timing,horizontal and-
vertical distribution in the water column,and weather conditions.Data
not collected at the smolt trap will be obtained from the Aquatic Habitat
program or other Su Hydro study group responsib1e for co11 ecti on of the
particular data elements (R&M,USGS,etc.).Data will be analyzed
primarily by species and age class.
Incubation and emergence studies will be conducted in the upper river
habitat locations that have had redd locations identified or spawning
determined to occur by resident species.The study will involve obtaining
limited samples of developing eggs by redd pumping or excavation at sites
being monitored for intragravel temperature by the Aquatic Habitat study
group.Electrofishing gear will be used to sample emerging alevins in the
spring.Thermal data and development information will be transferred to
the group conducting a laboratory incubation study with the intragravel
temperatures being transferred to this organization-on a weekly basis if
such a study is funded by the Alaska Power Authority.
Species to be included in the development will include sockeye,chum,and
pink salmon if sufficient redds are located for a complete sampling program
for each species in areas that may be affected by the mainstem or
temperature changes.Data recorded will include numbers and percentages of
eggs or juveniles at various stages of development at each sampling site,
for each species.
Habitat data will be collected in accordance with the procedures
established in the Aquatic Habitat procedures section.Data will include
water quality,surface and intragravel water temperatures,air
-48-
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temperatures,redd substrate composition,and surface velocities at the
redd locations.
Field trip reports will be prepared on a regular schedule and will be the
basis for data transfer from the field.Monthly summaries of significant
findings will be prepared from these reports.The draft of the final
report will be prepared by January 30th,1983 and will be limited to the
.open water sampling period.A final report on the incubation and emergence
studies will be submitted by June 30th,1983,which will cover the winter
field sampling period.
Study Locations:
The study sites for the incubation and emergence study will be confined to
the reach of river above Talkeetna pending final information on the thermal
regime below the Chulitna confluence area.The outmigrants moving through
the mainstem will be sampled with the smolt trap placed in the lower area
of river near the Talkeetna Adult Anadromous sonar site (RM 103). A second
trap may be installed in the spring of 1983,depending upon the success of
the trap during the 1982 field season.
Incubation and emergence studies will be conducted during the fall and
winter of 1982 through the spri ng of 1983 at sel ected study sites in the
upper river above the outmigrant trap site.These sites will be selected
based upon observations of adult spawners during the summer of 1982.
Tentative sites include sloughs 21, 11, 9,and 8A.Additional sites will
be included as determined by adult usage.
Schedule of Activities:
The smolt trap will be installed by June 18,1982 and will continue fishing
until freeze up.It will again be in place immediately after breakup in
the spring of 1983 and continue through the 1983 field season.The trap
will be operated on a continuous schedule with intermediate down periods
for personnel time schedules and for maintenance.
--49-
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The incubation and emergence survey will commence immediately after the
spawning season and will continue through the winter of 1982/83.Sampling
intervals of twice a month will be employed during the late winter period.
Contingencies and Alternatives:
Depending on the success of the smolt trap the alternatives that may be
employed,include,mid channel trawling for juvenile,Fyke netting at the
mouth of selected sloughs or tributaries,small smolt traps on the mouths
of tributaries,or modifi cati ons and tmprovements to the exi sting trap.
Further,a juvenile mark recapture experimental program,designed to mark
populations from selected slough habitats for later recapture may also be
investigated as to its feasibility.This would be designed to obtain
estimates of local populations of fry as well as information on the overall
survival and contribution of these habitats to the overall stock of the
Susitna River.
Food Habits Study Invertebrate and Distribution Study
Methods:
Juvenile chum,coho,chinook and sockeye salmon will be collected by minnow
traps,beach seines,or electrofishing gear at selected sampling sites.
These specimens will preserved in 10 percent formalin solution for further
analysis in the laboratory.Data to be collected include species,date of
collection,length,and site location of collection.The stomachs will be
removed and contents analyzed for invertebrate taxa.Taxonomic level of
identification will be generally to the family level but will be reduced
further when possible.
Invertebrates will be collected by three methods.A grift net set will be
operated at each site for a time period which will be dependent on debris
loads and catch rates of drift invertebrates.Preferably,a set wi 11 be
made for 24 hours. Set 1ocations wi 11 be in the approx i rna te area of
juvenile collection sites.Additionally,a "kick" screen sample of-------,invertebrates will be collected at each site.These samples will cover a
-50-
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sufficient segment of riffle habitat conditions to provide a representative
makeup of the available taxa and sufficient numbers to describe frequency
of numbers.Finally,a elankton tow net will be used to collect
zooplankton at sites with low velocity water and that have rearing juvenile
chum or sockeye salmon.All samples will be preserved with a 10 ~ercent
formalin solution.
Invertebrates will generally be identified to genus with the family
Chironomidae grouped at the family level only. All of the samples
collected by different methods will be analyzed separately,obtaining
frequency for each taxa with respect to the overall invertebrate community
composition.
Study Locations:
Six study sites will be used for collection that represent three different
general habitat types.These include clear water tributary sites,slough
sites,and mainstem sites.
Tentative site selection include sites only above the Chulitna confluence.
Indian River,Fourth of July Creek, Slough. 11,Slough 20,and mainstem
sites in side channels near Slough 11 and Slough 20 are the preliminery
sampling sites.
Schedule of Activities and Frequency of Sampling:
The sampling program will commence in mid-June for chum salmon and will be
concentrated in July and August for the other species.Sampling periods
will be scheduled twice each month beginning in July through September for
a total of six sampling periods.It is anticipated that the number of
species co11 ected wi 11 be suffi ci ent for detail ed ana lys is of coho and
chinook juveniles only.Chum data will be from collection periods in June
only during the 1982 field season.During 1983,collection of chum
juveniles will begin at breakup and be on a weekly interval until July 1,
1983.
-51-
The impoundment surveys during the ice free months (May to September)1982
will be conducted primarily on foot utilizing helicopter,river boat,and
raft support.The impoundment crew will consist of two Resident Juvenile
Depending on the timing of sockeye and chum salmon emergence,these species
may not be included in the 1982 open water analysis and will be intensively
sampled only during the 1983 season. Plankton net tows will be
discontinued if not proven effective.
Obtaining sufficient coho and chinook juveniles to obtain the 25 per
sampl ing period may not be possible.If insufficent numbers are not
collected that may be directly comparable to the invertebrate samples,
additional stomachs will be obtained from the outmigrant trap.These will
be evaluated separately from the samples collected near the sites of the
invertebrate collections and will be used for comparative purposes.
Sockeye and chum samples will be supplemented for analysis by collection
from the smolt trap installed in the lower river.These will be used for
comparative purposes with site specific collections only. Twenty-five
juveniles per sampling site per period will be collected during the July -
September time frame,for Chinook and coho juveniles only.Fifty chums and
up to 25 preserved sockeye juveniles per site will have their stomach
contents analyzed.
-52-
Impoundment Area Studies
Contingencies and Alternatives:
Depending on,information on the distribution and abundance of juveniles
determined by the distribution study program,alternative sites may be
selected,or changes in sampling frequency implemented.Limited
collections during the winter season of juvenile coho and chinook may also
be made for stomach content analysis if it is determined this will provide
useful information.If preliminary sampling during the winter period
indicates active feeding,the proposed study will extend through the winter
months.
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This "habitat location"will be divided into three distinct types based on
their physical characteristics:
The mouth area is self explanatory.The pool areas will be designated by
the biologists in the field,permanently marked,recorded,and described.
2.The pool habitat is comprised of the large pools between the
tributary mouth and the proposed impoundment elevation where the
bulk of the resident fish have been observed to reside.
from fi xed base
Relatively more
compa red to the
1.The confluence habitat encompasses that area of the Susitna River
below the mouth of the tributary which is influenced by the
tributary stream flow, the mixing area,and that area of the
tributary which is influenced by the rise/fall of the Susitna
River.
3.The riffle habitat will include those stretches of each tributary
1ocated between the maj or poo 1 areas in the reach between the
tributary mouth and the impoundment elevation.These areas are
comprised of smaller pools,rock eddies,riffles,and whitewater.
Methods:
biologists and two Aquatic Habitat biologists operating
camp located at the mouth of Watana Creek (R.M.194.1).
sampling will be conducted on the mainstem Susitna as
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summer 1981 level of effort.
At the eight major tributary study locations,all sampling above the
(------confluence will be conducted by hook and line.At tributary mouths,
~stem sites,and lake~,1r fished will 'potentially include the
following;minnow traps,trout lines,variable mesh gillnets,seines,
electroshockers,and hook ine.Set gear will be fished for 24 to 48
hours.The "habitat location"will include the reach of each tributary
stream studied from the area of the major clearwater influence with the
Susitna River upstream to the point at the proposed impoundment elevation.
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The riffle areas will then be the stretches of stream between the
designated pools.
Aerial photography of the entire habitat location correlated with map
contours and elevations will then allow tributary river miles for each area
to be calculated,and a scaled map to be drawn.
Pool habitat sites will be calculated on the basis of the total number
identified.Riffles will be calculated as the total length of stream miles
in which they are located.
Sampling will be conducted (for population estimate purposes)on a set
percentage of pool and riffle areas,to be determined during the June trip.
Succeeding trips will sample the same areas.The mouth area will be
sampled in its entirety.
A population estimate will be conducted on Sally Lake for designated
resident species in addition to collecting basic water quality data.Any
other small lakes in the proposed impoundment area will be test netted to
determine species present.Random sampling of the Clarence Lake system
will be conducted to determine if there is any movement of grayling between
the lake and lower Kosina Creek.
Study Locations:
The study locations for the summer 1982 impoundment surveys include:the
eight major tributary streams (upstream)from their confluence with the
Susitna River to the proposed level of impoundment;five mainstem sites
located between the mouth of Deadman Creek (R.M.186.7)and the mouth of
Jay Creek (R.M.208.5);and Sally Lake.As time permits,additional lakes
both inside and outside the proposed impoundment boundary will be assessed.
Schedule of Activities and Frequency of Sampling:
Surveys of the proposed impoundment area will be conducted in May,June,
July,August and September 1982.
-54-
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Sampling will be conducted once a month at each of the study locations.
Sampling trips are scheduled for 15 days per month.
Contigencies or Alternatives:
An alternative method of sampling the tributary mouths and mainstem
locations utilizing a boat-mounted electroshocker is proposed for month of
July or August.
An alternative method of gathering the required data necessary for a viable
population estimate in the lakes utilizing a boat-mounted sonar device is
also being considered.
Based on the relative lack of success encountered utilizing standard
sampling procedures during winter 1980-81 and 1981-82 studies,and the high
degree of success attained with winter 1981-82 radio telemetry studies,
this program will be implemented in the impoundment area.Arctic grayling
will be the target species.Radio transmitter implantation will be
conducted in September before freeze-up and radio tracking at periodic
intervals will continue through May 1983.Details of radio telemetry
procedures are described in the radio telemetry section.
Level of Effort
A schematic of the administrative structure and manpower distribution of
Resident Juvenile personnel for fiscal 1983 is given in Figure 5.The
staff of Resident Juvenile currently includes one Fisheries Biologist III,
six Fisheries Biologist II's,and five Fisheries Biologist I's.Three
additional Fisheries Biologist I's are scheduled to be hired in July with
fiscal 1983 funds. Personnel will be assigned as needed between the
various sub-projects.
-55-
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Project Leader
PCN 4194
FBI II,12mm
Data Processing Coordinator
PCN 4204
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PCN 4201
FBI I,12mm
PCN 4197
FBI,12mm
Incubation,
Emergant,&
Outmigrant Study
PCN 4200
FB II,12mm
PCN 4212
FBI,9mm
Impoundment
Study
PCN 4205
FBIl,12mm
PCN 4202
FBI,12mm
Fish Distribution
Study
PCN 4206
FBIl,12mm
PCN 4198
FBI"12mm
peN 4203
FBI,12mm
PCN 4199
FBI,9mm
PCN (new)
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PCN 4184
FBIl,12mm
PCN 4216
FBI,6mm
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Fiqure 5. Phase II Resident and Juvenile Anadromous Fisheries Project,
Adminsitrative Structure and Manpower Distribution F.Y.'83,
July 1,1983 to June 30,1983.
-56-
Study Description and Rationale
C.AQUATIC HABITAT AND INSTREAM FLOW STUDIES
3. Seasonal relationships between mainstem discharge of the Susitna
River and fish distribution and abundance .
During FY 82 Aquatic Habitat and Instream Flow (AH)investigations were
initiated to begin the process of identifying:
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-57-
1. Fish habitats in the study area
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2. Seasonal relationships between mainstem discharge of the Susitna
River and the physical and chemical characteristics of these fish
habitats.
AH data collected in FY 83 will be categorized as Fishery Habitat
Utilization or Instream Flow data,the difference being in the application
of the data.Physical and chemical data which will be related to fish will
be defined as Fish Habitat Utilization Data. Physical and chemical data
which are related to other physical and chemical data (e.g discharge vs.
turbidity or stage vs.discharge)will be defined as Instream Flow Data.
Fish Habitat Utilization studies are addressed in Objective 2 and
sub-objectives 1 through 4 below. Instream flow studies are addressed in
objective 3 and sub-objectives 5 and 6 below.
The FY 83 RSA provides a basic outline of the field studies proposed for
the upcoming year.Much of this work is a continuation of that begun
during the FY 82 ADF&G Aquatic Studies program, and is expected to continue
through FY 84. This section of the procedures manual will further describe
the purpose of the FY 83 AH component of these studi es and the rati ona 1e
behind the approach proposed for this field season.Methods described
reflect only those changes from procedures established in FY 82.
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Scope of FY 83 Program by Objective
Scope by Geographical Reach of the Susitna River
* Refer to RJ Procedures Manual Section and addendum.
1.Characterize the seasonal spawning,incubation,rearing,and
passage habitats of selected anadromous and resident species
within the study area (Fish Habitat Utilization Studies)*.
2.Identify the physical and chemical conditions associated with
changes in mainstem discharge of the Susitna River which appear
to be influencing the suitability of various habitat types for
the species and life history stages of interest (Fish Habitat
Utilization Studies)*.
3.Characterize the relationships between changes in mainstem
discharge and the physical and chemical parameters of the various
habitat types found in the study area (Instream Flow Studies).
The overall scope of the Aquatic Habitat and Instream Flow studies remains
unchanged from the FY 82 studies.The principal objectives of the AH com-
ponent of the Aquatic Studies program are to:
The project study area includes those portions of the mainstem Susitna
River that may be directly affected by the construction and operation of
Watana and Devi 1 Canyon Dams.For purposes of the FY 83 ADF&G Aquati c
Studies program,the project study area is sub-divided into three principal
geographical areas.These are the reaches of the Susitna River from Cook
Inlet estuary to the ChulitnajSusitna River confluence,the
ChulitnajSusitna River confluence to Devil Canyon,and Devil Canyon to~the
Tyone River.The first two are also referred to as lower river study areas
and the third,the upper river or impoundment study area.All study sites
referred to in this narrative will be designated on a map in the final
draft of this addendum.
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The following section outlines sub-objectives and field studies necessary
to continue working towards meeting these general objectives in FY 83.
Specific techniques to be employed in the sampling procedure are outlined
in the FY 82 draft of this procedure manual and this addendum.It is
anticipated that the following sub-objectives can be accomplished during FY
83 through an integrated ADF&G,R&M,and AEIDC·program.These
sub-objectives are:
1.Quantify the degree of influence various mainstem streamflows
have on selected spawning habitats downstream of Talkeetna during....
the open water and ice covered seasons.
2. Quantify the degree of influence various mainstem streamflows
have on the availability of spawning,incubation,rearing,and
passage ~abitat in selected side slough habitats in the T~lkeetna
to Devil Canyon reach of the Susitna River.
3.Monitor the thermal regimes of the mainstem river,side channels
and sloughs upstream of Ta 1keetna to determine whether or not
there is a direct relationship between mainstem surface and
intragravel water temperatures,or between mainstem surface water
temperatures and the surface or intergr~l water Jjmperatures in
the side channels and slough areas;~qtp~
4.Identify the ranges of point specific hydraulic and water quality
parameters of spawning habitats used by adult anadromous fish
populations.
5.Identify ana characterize the seasonal habitats utilized by the
fisheries resources within the boundaries of the proposed
impoundments.
6. Provide technical support to RJ habitat related studies.
-59-
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Sub-Objective 1
The AH spawning habitat evaluations that will be undertaken on the Susitna
River during the FY 83 open water season between Cook Inlet and the
ChulitnajSusitna River confluence will principally focus on the river
segment between Kashwitna landing and Talkeetna•
Studies in this reach of riVer will be focused on identifying whether
seasonal changes in the mainstem discharge of the Susitna River have
significant influences on physical and chemical habitat characteristics at
a maximum of five mainstem spawning locations.
Relationships will be determined between seasonal streamflows and various
hydraul ic attri butes of the fi sh habitat 1ocati ons refered to in the RJ
section.These relationships,in conjunction with other information,can
be used by the AEIDC impact evaluation team for assessing whether or not
anticipated postproject streamflows are likely to positively or negatively
affect spawning,rearing and access downstream of Talkeetna during the open
water season.They will not provide sufficient information for defining
the actual response of mainstem habitat to incremental changes in
streamflow.If it is determined that this sort of analysis is justified,
it can be completed in FY 84.
The relationship between mainstem discharge at The Parks Highway bridge and
selected hydraulic characteri sti cs of fi sh habitat at mainstem spawning
areas will be evaluated by AH personnel at the AA mainstem locations.
Study sites will be selected from the five mainstem spawning sites
identified by AA staff during the FY 82 AA studies and new sites which are
identified during the FY 83 AA field investigations prior to
August 15,1982.
Four to six transects will be located at each study site by ADF&G personnel
to characterize pertinent habitat related hydraulic (e.g.water quality,
etc.)characteristics of the area.The "matns tem''study sites wi ll exist
on side channels and between islands and large exposed gravel bars between
the braided segments of the river.In general,each study site is expected
-60-
Sub-Objective 2
FY 82 investigation indicated that the availability of fish habitat and
access to and from sloughs in this reach of river were related to mainstem
discharge.
Six side sloughs (8A,9,.11,16B,19, 21)will be intensively studied to
determine the effects of changes in mainstem discharge on physiochemical
attributes of fish habitat.Each slough will be sub-divided into three
habitat zones based upon prevalent hydraulic characteristics.These zones
can be identified by direct observation into the following three basic
categories:
ADF&G personnel wi 11 peri odica lly obtain depth and velocity measurements at
fixed intervals along these transects tn accordance with standard field
procedures;these data will be reviewed sho~tly after collection and
converted to the proper format for computer processing.Data analysis will
be performed after the close of the field,season by a joint ADF&G/AEIDC
team as per procedures contained in the Data procedures section of the
Procedure Manual.
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-61-
to be approximately 100 to 300 feet wide,and 1500 feet in length .
Headpins will be installed by ADF&G and stream bed profiles surveyed along
each transect by R&M consultants to describe the general shape and gradient
of the channel. All elevations at a particular study site will be
referenced to a local TBM which has been assigned an assumed elevation
estimated from topographic maps.Staff gages will be located at each site
to develop stage/discharge curves.
Therefore,the FY 83 AH field studies which will be undertaken in the
Talkeetna to Devil Canyon reach of the Susitna River during the FY 83 open
water season will principally focus on the side slough habitats.
Relationships will be determined between seasonal mainstem discharges at
Gold Creek and the quantity and quality of fish habitat available to and
occupied by adult spawners and juvenile anadromous fish in the side
sloughs.These relationships,when examined in conjunction with other
information,will provide the basis for an incremental evaluation of
project effects on side slough habitat.
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1.Areas that convey flow from tributaries,ground water,or
mai nstem overflow, with no appreci ab 1e infl uence of backwater
from the water surface elevation,of the mainstem.
2.Areas that are periodically influenced by backwater conditions
attributable to changes in water surface elevations of the
mainstem Susitna.At certain tributary mouths and during periods
of low flow in the mainstem Susitna,these areas will be very
limited or non-existent.
3.Areas at slough.and tributary mouths that are mtx mq zones.
Local velocity patterns in these areas are principally influenced
by the mainstem rlow.
Transects will be reestablished or added at each study site by personnel to
characterize pertinent habitat and hydraul ic characteristics of the area.
Headpins will be installed by ADF&G and streambed profiles surveyed along
each transect to describe the general shape and gradient of the slough
channel. All elevations at a particular study site will be referenced to
the project d~tum established by R&M Consultants.
ADF&G personnel.wi 11 obta infrequent depth and velocity measurements at
fixed intervals along these transects in accordance with standard field
procedures.These data will be reviewed shortly after collection and
converted to the proper format for computer processing.Data analysis will
be performed after the close of the field season by a joint ADF&GjAEIDC
team as per procedures contained in the Data Procedures section.
Substrate composition and spawning redds will be visually evaluated and
denoted on field maps.During late September,foot surveys will be
conducted to identify areas of groundwater upwell ing.Thi s informati on
will be used in conjunction with hydraulic measurements (stage,discharge,
depth,and velocity)to determine the relationship between mainstem
discharge and the ava,ilability of suitable spawning and rearing areas in
these sloughs.The analytical methodology and techniques are presented in
the Data Procedures section of the Procedures Manual.
-62-
.--..-,-----.._-_.---
The temper-ature of the mainstem Susitna River and its major tributaries-
will be monitored through October at several locations using Ryan model
J-90 thermographs.These data will principally be collected upstream of
the Parks Highway bridge with special emphasis given to the impoundment
zone,and confluence area.These data will describe the thermal regime of
the mainstem itself ..
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Sub-Objective 3
Evaluation of FY 82 surface and intragravel water temperature data
indicated the importance of collecting additional data on a year-round
basis.These data are required to ev~luate the ability of computer models
to calculate preproject surface water temperature conditions and insure the
models are properly calibrated.Eventually,the model will be important to
the AEIDC impact analysis team for predicting post-project temperature
impacts.
In addition,continuous surface and intragravel water temperature data will
be obtained from several known spawning areas throughout the winter of
1982-83 and into FY 84.Temperatures will be monitored using Omnidata
DP2301 recorders and calibrated thermister probes.Thermograph sites will
be selected to meet the data needs of the ADF&G,Acres and R&M.Data will
be transferred to the Data Processing Support Unit for analysis.
Sub-Objective 4
Point specific physical and chemical data will be evaluated to determine
the types and ranges of habitat characteristics which are utilized by adult
anadromous spawners;these data will be required by the AEIDC for
predicting the impacts of various flow regimes on fish habitat ~uitability.
Point specific data will be collected from the Cook Inlet estuary to the
Devil Canyon reach of the Susitna River at the slough and spawning
----=------locations previously discussed in sub-objectives one and two.S:::--a-m-p......"-ng--methods will be employed which permit fish to be observed in the'habitat
they are occupying. Further detail on field techniques is provided in the
FY 82 Procedures Manual and this addendum.
-63-
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FY 83 studies are designed to assess the potential loss of this lotic
environment. This requires documentation to determine the nature and
extent of fish .popul e ttons in this area,their dependence on particular
habitat conditions and whether there are alternate habitats to support them
adjacent to the impoundment area.
During the winter season,the distribution and migration of grayling will
be monitored by use of radio telemetry.Previous efforts at overwinter
sampling have produced very limited results because of difficult sampling
conditions.Fish radio tagged during the fall will be monitored through
the winter season in order to determine overwintering habitat,and to
subsequently follow spring migration and identify spawning habitats.
Current information suggests that the fish spawn during a period closely
Joi nt AH and RJ crews wi 11 also conduct studi es to determine whether -the
reach of tributary immediately above the impoundment zone will contain
habitat similar to the habitat at the mouths of the clear water tributaries
if the dams are built.To accomplish this task these reaches will be
surveyed to estimate the relative abundance of fish an~evaluate the
existing habitat characteristics.The presence of barriers of fish passage
1;....-/
or inundation of existing barriers will be noted.
An active tag recapture and habitat evaluation program was initiated during
the 1981 field season to provide an inventory of fish populations and
habitat characteristics within the impoundment zone.Continuation of these
studies into FY 83 will provide an opportunity to more accurately estimate
these populations.FY -83 studies will also enable project personnel to
examine in further detail,other potential habitats within the impoundment
zone that did not receive extensive study in FY 82.Sampling of the lower
-section of the clear water tributaries for tag recovery will be continued.
The mainstem Susitna (which was not sampled during the previous year)will
a1 so be sampled duri ng FY 83.At 1east one 1ake withi n the proposed
impoundment and referred to as Sally Lake,will be sampled in more detail
in FY 83 with the goal of obtaining a population estimate.
-64-
Sub-Objective 5
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-65-
Sub-Objective 6
associated with breakup necessitating such techniques to locate key
spawning areas.
AH personnel will provide technical support to RJ habitat related studies
(e.g.fish distribution,invertebrate,and incubation)by:
-
Measuring discharges at fish distribution locations to develop
stage/discharge curves.
Working with RJ staff to develop plans for collecting habitat
oriented data for the incubation and invertebrate studies.
Training RJ staff to maintain and operate habitat data collection
'\.J....---.....,............-.-.....,..........-:u-
instruments.'--
2.Calibrating habitat instruments for RJ staff.
1.
3.Installing and maintaining staff gages at all RJ fish
distribution locations.
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Data analysis will consist of population estimations in the tributary
reaches,and evaluation of intrasystem movements using recaptured and radio
tagged fish.Any spawning areas·located will be identified and the habitat
characteristics evaluated.Basic biological data for all species collected
will also be summarized.Any new components of the biological community or
different findings from the 1981 studies will be identified.
This information should provide an indication of the dependency of the
grayling populations on the mainstemSusitna for overwintering,and provide
an indication of how important this habitat is for the spawning and
survival of the tributary populations.
The AH section will also cooperate with RJ,AA staff and other contractors
to insure the timely exchange of information when working on overlapping
5.
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activities.All efforts will be made to coordinate these activities to
insure maximum results are derived from this year of study.
Administrative Structure and Manpower Distribution
The administrative structure and manpower distribution of AH personnel for
fiscal 1983 is illustrated in Figure 6.The FY 83 AH staff includes one
Fisheries Biologist III,five Fisheries Biologist Ills,and thirteen
Fisheries Biologist lis._ Personnel will be assigned as needed between the
various sub-projects.
The following section contains a description of the work plans for
achieving the preceding objectives and sub-objectives.Four work plans are
presented:
1.Lower River Fish Habitat Utilization Data
2.Lower River Fish Habitat Utilization Electrofishing Data
3. Instream Flow Data
4.Upper River Fish Habitat Utilization Data
-66-
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AQUATIC HABITAT AND INSTREAM FLOW STUDY
Table of Organization
Project Leader
FB III
PCN 41g2
I Data,Laboratory and Operations Control
FB 11-PCN 4208
IFB1111-PCN __
Fisheries Habitat Utilization[
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Upper River Fisheries
Habitat Utilization Studies
FB II-PCN 4207
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Instream Flow Evaluations
FB II-PCN 4196
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FB III1-PCN_
FB III1-PCN_
FB III1-PCN_
Lower River Studies
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FB 1111-PCN 4209
FB III1-PCN __
FB 1111-PCN 4126
FB III1-PCN __
ElectrofiShing
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FB III1-PCN 4210
FB 1111-PCN __
FB 1/11-PCN __
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Figure 6.Aquatic Habitat and Instream Flow Study
-67 -
-~."...".,..,~.-=:e-,.-~.-.•~---~----
Field Data Collection Work Plans
Lower River Fish Habitat Utilization
Methods:
Study Site:
----~.,=~~~-_....
-68-
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Upon arriving at a slough study site,an overall familiarization will be
made of the entire slough in order to obtain information necessary for
mapping and to determine where spawning activity is occurring.The wetted
area,upwelling,staff gage and water quality sites will be recorded on one
copy of the R&M blue line aerial photos;and substrate on a second copy. A
FHU data will be collected at two different types of sites:the slough
sites and the electrofishing sites (see electrofishing section).Six
sloughs from Curry to Portage and one slough below Talkeetna have been
selected to conduct·extensive habitat study.These are sloughs 8A,9, 11,
16B,19 and 21 above Talkeetna and Birch Creek slough below Talkeetna.
These sloughs were selected on the basis of studies conducted in FY 82.
The electrofishing sites will be determined in the field by the AH
electrofishing crew. Determination of mainstem spawning sites are
discussed in the electrofishing section of this procedures.manual.
Additional sites may be added to this list if it is determined that
sufficient manpower is available.
Emphasis will be placed on studies of rearing fish in the winter 82-83 and
spring 83 field seasons.
During the 1982 open water field season the Fishery Habitat Utilization
(FHU)section of Aquatic Habitat will concentrate on the characterization
/
of adult salmon spawning preferences in relation to hydraulic and physical
conditions of their habitat (Objectives 1 and 2;Sub-objectives 1, 2 and
3).In addition,the study of juvenile rearing preference will be
conducted to a 1esser extent in order to determine the best approach to
evaluating preference.
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thi rd copy wi 11 be used to mark sites where specifi c redds are located'.
These same maps wi 11 be updated duri ng subsequent vis its usi ng di fferent
symbols or colors and recording the date in order to differentiate visits .
Stage will be recorded from staff gages installed by Instream Flow or R&M
staff and discharge will be measured if necessary.Water quality data will
be collected,using instruments and procedures described in the 1981 ADF&G
Procedure Manual,in as many locations as are necessary to describe the
water quality characteristics present.
Fish observation techniques for determining spawning sites in clear water
systems are discussed in the 1981 Procedure Manual.When these ,sites are
determi ned they wi 11 be marked by a pa inted rock or surveyi ng fl ag for
subsequent measuring.After all sites are located,depth,velocity,and
substrate data will be collected and the marker removed.A total of 10
flags marking redds will be left in each slough for later reference for
incubati on studi es.Depth and velocity wi 11 be measured at the upstream
end of the redds,with velocity being measured at .6 or .2/.8 depth
depending on the total water depth.
Level of Effort and Frequency of Sampling:
Two crews will be deployed in the river between Talkeetna and Portage and
one crew below'Talkeetna.Each two person crew will work seven days in the
field,three days in the office,with four days off.Slough sites will be
sampled once per week.
Methods:
Fish Habitat Electrofishing
A standard mounted electrofishing boat for each of the three projects (RJ,
AA and AH)will be utilized to conduct electrofishing on the Susitna River
One of the lower river AH Fish Habitat Utilization crews will be assigned
to an electrofishing boat on a full time basis.Their multi-purpose duties
are discussed below.
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-69-
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between Cook Inlet and Devi 1 Canyon from ice out to-freeze-up,1982.The
field season will be broken into three time periods during which various
project (RJ,AA and AH)priorities will be addressed.These three time
periods will consist of ice out to July 31,August 1 to September 15,and
September 16 to freeze up.During both the ice out to July 31 and
September 16 to freeze-up time periods~the individual project boat~will
be operated at the discretion of each of their respective project leaders.
From August 1 to September 15,all three boats and their crews will conduct
Adult Anadromous slough and mainstem Susitna River salmon spawning
distribution studies under the supervision of the AA project leader.
During cooperative studies among the various projects,the electrofishing
buats will each be assigned to a defined reach of the river.
Two or three AH,RJ and AA biologists will be assigned to each electro-
fishing crew, with possible interswitching of.project personnel during
cooperative studies among the various projects.Field stations win be
located at Yentna, Sunshine,Talkeetna,and Gold Creek.
Areas to be electrofished will be field selected in the mainstem Susitna
Ri ver and its side channels and sloughs,between Cook In1et and Devi 1
Canyon where and when the physical parameters allow electrofishing to be
conducted. In addition to the selected sites sampled,27 specific habitat
evaluation study locations will be sampled by the RJ and AH electrofishing
crews once every two weeks when the physical parameters allow electro-
fishing to be conducted.During August 1 to September 15,all three
electrofishing crews (AA,AH and RJ)will electrofish at these 27 sites
which are the designated habitat evaluation study locations of the RJ Fish
Distribution Studies.Sampling effort at each of the 27 habitat locations
should not exceed one hour total time,including handling of catch and data
recording.
A 20 foot by 5-1/2 foot flat bottom,aluminum riverboat powered by a 90 hp
outboard jet and 18 hp outboard auxiliary engine will be modified for
electrofishing operations on the lower river.The power source for the
electrofishing apparatus (and possible supplemental lighting equipment for
night shocking) will be a four cycle,3.5 kilowatt,120/240 volt,60 .Hz
-70-
---._.-~~._---
-71-
Due to the high voltages and potential hazards associated with electro-
fishing,several safety features will be designed into each electrofishing
boat.Each boat will be fitted with a 36 to 40"high non-conductive coated
railing enclosing a non-skid platform.Electrical units will be placed in
covered boxes designed to prevent water from entering the unit and thereby
preventing short-circuiting.In addition,a safety circuit incorporating
foot pedals and kill switches will be included in the circuitry.All
individuals working on the electrofish boat will wear hip boots,life
preservers and rubber gloves and be trained in cardiopulminary
resuscitation (C.P.R.)and basic first aid techniques (Appendix V).
A.C.Homelite Voltamatic generator.Voltage and amperage regulation from
the power source to the water will be through a Coffelt Variable Voltage
Pulsator model VVP-15 (AH)and two Coffelt models VVP-3E (RJ and AA). Both
models are designed to supply A.C.,D.C.,or pul se output voltages.The
output voltages from the VVP-15 can be varied continuously from 0 to 600
volts for all outputs (A.C.,D.C.,Pulsed D:C. and 0 referenced A.C.
Pul sed).For the VVP-3E the output voltages can be varie-d from 0 to 300
volts for all outputs (A.C.,D.C~and,Pulsed D.C.,and Pulsed A.C.).The
VVP-15 incorporates a 20 to 80 percent adjustable DC pulse width.The
proper current type,voltage,amperage and electrode arrangement for
efficient capture of fish will vary for different species of fish and
according to water quality parameters such as water temperature,
conductivity,depth and turbidity.
Electric current will be .app l i ed to the water through either single and
dual anode systems,with the cathode comprising the boat surface in contact
with the water.When a single anode is used,a single dip netting pole
will be used both as the anode and a dip net.The single anode design will
be utilized when probing in deep pools and confined areas and in searching
for specific species.Under situations when a dual anode system will be
utilized,each anode will be suspended into the water using a standard
electrofishing boom design.A standard dip net will be used to capture
stunned fish.
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Specific 'sampling procedures for each of the three projects are stated in
each respective project's section of the Procedures Manual.
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Figure 7.Electrofishing objectives.
-72-
Level of Effort and Frequency of Sampling:
Electrofishing,using the standard boat mounted electrofishing unit
previously described,will be conducted on the Susitna River from May 20,
to freeze-up,1982. Various electrofishing objectives incooperation with
each study section (AH,RJ and AA)will be addressed during this time
period as shown in Figure 7 and discussed below.Two to three AH
biologists will be assigned to the AH electrofishing crew, with possible
interswitching of project personnel during cooperative studies among the
various projects.Field stations will be located and jointly shared by the
RJ electrofishing crews at Sunshine,Talkeetna and Gold Creek.
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Eulachon Study in conjunction with AA (May 19-June 15, 1982).
Objectives:
1.Determine the extent of the spawning run in the Susitna River
basin of eulachon [Thaleichthys pacificus Richardson].
2. Determine the general habitat requirements for eulachon spawning.
Methods:
The first objective will be studied by methods outlined in the AA plan of
study.Habitat characteristics that will be studied in assessing the
general habitat requirements for spawning of eulachon will include the
physiochemical parameters comprising water and air temperature,.pH,
specific conductance,dissolved oxygen and turbidity;substrate;water
depth;and,mean water column velocity.At specific spawning sites,a map
will be drawn of the spawning site and surrounding area.Specific methods
for the collection of the above parameters are given in the Fisheries
Habitat Utilization portion of the AH procedures manual.Sampling design
used in the collection of the above data at known spawning sites will be
modeled after Bovee and Cochnauer (1977)~
Resident species categorization,enumeration and tagging studies.
Objectives:
1.Categorize,enumerate and tag adult resident species.
2.When possible,collect data concerning the general habitat
requirements of resident fish.
Methods:7
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Using the basic mounted electroshocker previously described,resident adult
"species.will be systematically collected,identified,measured, age
-73-
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sampled, sex determined (when possible),tagged and then released.-Habitat
characteristics that will be studied,when possible,to characterize the
genera1 habitat requi rements of these resi dent fi sh include the
physiochemical parameters comprising air and water (surface and
intragravel)temperature,pH,specific conductance,dissolved oxygen and
turbidity;substrate;water depth;and,mean water column velocity.At
significant study sites,a map may be drawn of the site and immediate
surrounding area.Specific methods for the collection of the above
parameters are given in the Fisheries Habitat Utilization portion of the AH
Procedures Manual.
Adult salmon spawning site evaluations (June 15 -Aug.30, 1982).
Objective:
1.Locate and characterize the general habitat characteristics of
the spawning and milling sites of adult anadromous salmon
(chinook,coho,chum,pink and sockeye salmon)runs in the
Susitna River.
Methods:
Using the basic boat mounted electroshocker previously described,the adult
anadromous salmon species will be systematically studied by methods
outlined in the AA portion of the procedures manual by the three
electrofishing crews (RJ,AA and AH)from the period June 15 -August 30,
1982.If spawning or milling fish are found, the general habitat
characteristics of the site will be assessed (see Resident species
categorization,enumeration and tagging studies presented earlier for
methods and section 1.1).Both mainstem and slough sites will be
investigated.All studies will be coordinated by the AA Project Leader,
with the AH electrofishing crew coordinating the collection of ·the general
habitat data by both the RJ and AA electrofishing crews.
-74-
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Fisheries Habitat Utilization Studies
Objectivs:
1.Work with the AH fisheries habitat utilization study crews to
determine the objectives outlined in that section's plan of
study.
Methods:
Using the basic boat mounted electrofishing unit previously described,
adult anadromous and resident fish will be located for study by the AH
fisheries habitat utilization study crews.-The AH electrofishing crew will
aid the fisheries habitat utilization crews in the collection of fisheries
habitat data and will proce~s all collected fish as previously described in
the adult salmon spawning site evaluations section.
Radio Telemetry Studies (Sept.1 -Nov.15,1982)
Objectives:
1.Collect resident species for radio telemetry studies and aid
in the tracking of tagged fish.
·2.Characterize the habitat utilized by radio tagged fish.
Methods:
Using the basic boat mounted electroshocker previously described,resident
adult fish will be collected in conjunction with the RJ electrofishing crew
for implantation of radio tags.Tracking of these tagged fish will be done
in conjunction with the RJ project by -boat and aircraft.Spawning or
milling areas identified for these fish will be studied for their general
habitat characteri sti cs as discussed previously in the resi dent species
categorization,enumeration and tagging studies section.
-75-
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Bering Cisco Study
Objectives:
1. Aid the AA project in meeting the objectives set forth in
their plan of study.
2.Characterize the general habitat characteristics of spawning and
milling sites of the Bering cisco.
Methods:
The first objective will be studied by methods outlined in the AA plan of
study.Habitat characteristics that will be studied in assessing the
general habitat requirements for spawning and milling Bering cisco will
comprise the parameters previously mentioned by methods outlined in
eulachon study in conjunction with AA section.
Instream Flow
Instream flow data will be collected during the open water and ice covered
field season (Objective 3;Sub-objectives 5 and 6).Data collected will
include:stage,discharge surface and intragravel water temperatures,DO,
pH,conductivity and water;!surface elevations.
Study Site:
Stage rdischarge and water quality measurements will be collected at each RJ
Fish Distribution study site location,at selected mainstem anadromous
salmon spawning sites and FHU slough sites.Stage data will also be
collected at each AA sonar fishwheel site.Surface water temperature data
will be collected on a continuous basis by Model J-90 Ryan thermographs at
selected mainstem,tributary and slough sites to determine the thermal
characteristics of these sites.
-76-
Methods:
-77-
Staff gages will be located on transects in selected mainstem anadromou$
salmon spawning sites to develop discharge rating curves at these sites.
Staff gages will be installed at each fishwheel/sonar reach to mont tor-
changes in mainstem water surface elevation and related to mainstem
discharge.
~,,_.,,:~."_.'-'_.
In addition to surface water temperatur~s,intragravel temperatures will
also be continuously monitored by Omnidata DP 2301 recorders to
characterize the relationships between surface and ground water
temperatures at six selected spawning sites •
A cross section profile will be made perpendicular to the stream at each
gage site except those located within the mainstem.Each gage will be
numbered (refer to staff gage numbering procedures Table 1 and Figure (8)),
on the back and a painted float will be attached which will also include
the gage number.Each,gage site wi 11 cons i st of a set of gages (1-5)
tiered to insure that the entire range of flows will be monitored at each
site (refer to AH FY 82 Procedures Manual for staff gage installation
instructions).The top of each gage and the water surface will be surveyed
to a temporary bench mark (TBM).A compass reading on magnetic north to
the TBM from each gage wi 11 be determi ned as '!Ii 11 the di stance from the
gage to the TBM.FDS gages will be monitored at least twice monthly;the
Staff gage placement at the RJ Fish Distribution Study (FDS),AA mainstem,
and FHUslough sites will be determined on a site use basis.The gages at
the FDS and FHU sites will be located to monitor the accessibility of the
study site from the mainstem for passage of both resident and anadromous
adults and juvenile fish.Gages will be placed within the study location
to develop discharge rating curves in an effort to determine total
discharge through the study area.Gages will also be installed at the head.
.-
portion that are adjacent to the mainstem and within the mainstem to
evaluate the influence of flow into the study area from the mainstem and
the mainstem discharge required for breaching of these head portions.
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-78-
EXAMPLE:Mainstem gage at River Mile 101.2,second gage from shore,
set number one
Staff gages will be numbered with a four part,seven place alpha-numeric
code.
River Mile {first four places of code}- to be determined to the nearest
tenth mile from the bluelines in the Instream Flow Evaluation office.
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:Placement:
Code
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GAGE {seventh place} - a letter identifying a gage within a set.Letters
will be assigned alphabetically,beginning with the gage nearest shore.
Placement Code {fifth place} -indicates whether a-~age is placed in a
slough {S},at the head of a slough {H},in a tributary {T}, in the
mainstem {M},at an R&M cross-section {X},or Wfor mouth of slough.
SET {sixth place} - a single digit which identifies a group of staff gages
within a site which were set to measure the full range of stage
fluctuations at a given point.
Table 1.Staff gage numbering procedures.
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STAFF GAGE NUMBERING FORMAT
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Example D:
Slough Gage
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PLACEMENT TYPE CODE
Meinstem =M
Slough =S
Slough Mouth:W
Slough Head =H
Tributary =T
R&M Cross Sectlon =X
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..Gage letters assigned from shore outward.
to River mile ("RM)will be detorminod from the bluellnos to the nearest 0.1 mile.
(For tributary sites.river mile witl be for the point of mainstem/tributary confluence>.
Figure 8.Summarizes the staff gage numbering procedure.
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fishwheel/sonar site gages will be read daily and the FHU six slough and
five mainstem site staff gages will be read once per week.
A staff gage form (AH-82-0)will be used for the gage data and includes the
date,time,gage number,gage reading,actual depth and a comment section,
(refer to form AH-82-0 and instructions in FY 83 addendum).Total depth is
determined by placing a staff gage or wading rod adjacent to the installed
gage and reading the water surface.The total depth minus the gage reading
determines any substrate change (i .e.silting),influencing the gage
reading.A gage site description (i.e.Slough 19 head)will be included
under the comments section as will any pertinent information at the
particular gage site.At gage sites with all dewatered or submerged gages,
the furthest gage from shore will be recorded on the staff gage form under
gage reading,IIDRY II when dewatered or IISUBM II when submerged.Supplemental
gages will be installed as soon as possible to ensure that the water
surface is bei ng monitored.,The excepti on is when the enti re channel is
dewatered.
Discharges will be obtained on a transect to be surveyed by R&M Consultants
prior to obtaining a discharge.A staff gage will be installed at each
discharge site and read before and after collecting the discharge data.
R&M Consultants will initiate toe discharge measurements at each site by
obtaining the first of at least three discharge measurements to be used to
develop stage/discharge rating curves.ADF&G will collect further
discharge'data at specified study sites to ensure that rating curves will
be developed.These sites wi 11 be determi ned and set when possib1e by R&M
to also estimate reach specific streamflows.Mainstem discharge
information will be obtained from the closest USGS gaging station as a
control.Refer to the Aquatic Habitat and Instream Flow Phase I Procedures
Manual for discharge measurement procedures.
Daily discharge information from Gold Creek and Sunshine USGS stations will ~
broadcast to all field camps to familiarize field staff with the flow
levels they are observing.
Water quality will also be recorded at each discharge site on transect at
intervals necessary to characterize the water quality present.
-80-
-81-
Level of Effort and Frequency of Sampling:
Upper River Fish Habitat Utilization (Impoundment Study)
At each surface water monitoring temperature station instantaneous water
temperature measurements will be made at 1.5 feet beneath the water surface
at approximately 100 foot intervals along a transect once per month through
October.Instructions for placement of thermographs are included in the
Phase 1 AH Procedures Manual .
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Two crews of two people will be deployed from the Yentna River to Portage
Creek.One crew wi 11 concentrate on the RJ Fish Di stributi on sites from
the Yentna River to Lane Creek and the other crew will be assigned to the
sites located from Lane Creek to Portage Creek.Both crews will also share
those areas between the Yentna River and Portage Creek when their efforts
are necessary.The standard schedule will consist of seven days of field
duty,three days in the offi ce and four days off.Each site wi 11 be
inspected two times per month •.
Surface water temperatures will be recorded in selected mainstem sites and
major tributaries using Ryan J-90 continuously monitoring thermographs
(refer.to AH FY 82 Procedures Manual).Intragrave 1 and surface water
temperatures will be monitored at six selected sloughs and spawning sites
by Omnidata DP 2301 recorders.Procedures for the Omnidata recorders will
be standardized by the Dryden and LaRue company area representatives for
Onmidata.
The flooding of clearwater stream reaches,the mainstem Susitna,and nearby
lakes will alter the aquatic environment that presently supports
.populations of resident fish.To assess the potential loss of these
habitats and to determine the mitigation activities necessary,the
resources to be affected require documentation to determine the nature and
extent of these populations and their dependence of particular habitat
conditions.A more detailed background description of these studies is..
presented in the sub-objectives section (Sub-objective 4).
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Study Site:
The study locations for the summer FY83 impoundment surveys will include:
the eight major tributary streams [Fog Creek (RM 176.7),Tsusena Creek (RM
181.3),Deadman Creek (RM 186.7),Watana Creek (RM 194.1),Kosina Creek (RM
206.8),Jay Creek (RM 208.5),Goose Creek (RM 231.3)and Oshetna River (RM
233.4)]upstream from their confluence with the Susitna River to the
proposed level of impoundment;the first mile of each of these streams
immediately above the Proposed Impoundment Elevation (PIE);five mainstem
sites located between the mouth of Deadman Creek and Jay Creek;and Sally
Lake.As time permits,additional lakes both inside and outside the
proposed impoundment boundary will be assessed.Various sloughs and side
channels of the main Susitna River may also be added.
Methods:
Water quality data (dissolved oxygen,pH,conductivity,water temperature
and turbidity)will be collected near the mouth of each study tributary
upstream of any influence from the main Susitna.These data will also be
collected in the area of the first mile of stream above the PIE,all
rna i nstem samp 1i ng sites and representa t ive areas of maj or 1a kes under
study.
Additional water temperature data on tributary streams will be collected by
placement of thermographs near the mouth of Tsusena,Watana,Kosina and
Goose creeks and the Oshetna River.
The "hab t tat location" of each of the major study tributaries will include
that portion of the stream from the major clearwater influence with the
Susitna River,upstream to the PIE.This area will be divided into three
distinct habitat types based on their physical characteristics.These are:
1.The confluence habitat encompasses that area of the Susitna River
below the mouth of the tri butary whi ch is infl uenced by the
tributary stream flow,the mi xi ng area,and that area of the
tributary which is influenced by the rise/fall of the Susitna
River.
-82-
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2.The pool habitat is comprised of the large pools within the
tributaries between the mouth and the proposed impoundment
elevation where the majority of the resident fish have been
observed to reside.
3.The riffle habitat will include those stretches of each tributary
located between the maj or pool areas in the reach between the
mouth of the tributary and the impoundment elevation.These
areas are comprised of smaller pools,rock eddies,riffles,and
wh itewater.
The mouth area is self explanatory.The pool areas will be designated by
the biologists in the field,permanently marked,recorded,and described.
.The riffle areas will then be the stretches of stream between the
designated pools.
Aerial photographs of the entire habitat location correlated with map
contours and elevations will then allow tributary river miles for each area
to be calculated,and a scaled map to be drawn.
Pool habitat sites will be calculated on the basis of the total number
identified.Riffles will be calculated as the total length of stream miles
in which they are located •
Any documented spawning areas of Arctic grayling or other selected species
within these study areas will be identified and the basic physiochemical
and hydrological characteristics will be assessed.This will include
velocity,depth and substrate data in addition to basic water quality.
Level of Effort:
The impoundment crew will consist of two AH biologists and two RJ
biologists operating out of a fixed-base camp located at the mouth of
Watana Creek (RM 194.1).Surveys of the main Susitna River and selected
tributaries will be conducted primarily on foot utilizing helicopter and
river boat support.Lake studies will be conducted by rafts or on foot
with helicopter support to and from the study area.
-83-
-84-
Contingencies
Sampling will be conducted once a month at each of the study locations.
Sampling trips are scheduled for 15 days per month.
Based on the relative lack of succes~encountered utilizing standard
sampling procedures during the winter 1981-82 studies,and the high degree
of success attained with winter 1981-82 radio telemetry studies,this type
of program will be implemented in the impoundment area.Arctic grayling
will be the target species.Radio transmitter implantation will be
conducted in September before freeze-up and radi 0 tracki ng at periodic
intervals will continue through May 1983.During this period overwintering
habitats of Arctic grayling will be identified and the general habitat
characteristics (water quality,velocity,depth,etc.)will be assessed.
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During the course of the summer field program,alternative methods for
samp 1 i ng or changes in study sites wi 11 be employed when it has been
determined that the overall objectives of these studies can be best met
through modifications of the existing program.On occasion,limited,one
time experiments will be performed to test the limitations of sampling
methods,or test some hypotheses as to the validity of some of the
assumptions as to the importance of selected factors affecting the
distribution and abundance of species.In addition,examination of
additional selected sites will be performed on a limited basis when a
specific question as to the importance of a site as a habitat or for a
species or other information regarding the overall objectives can be
obtained with minimal additional effort.Additions to appendix 8, the
instrument instruction,will be made as new equipment is obtained.
Surveys will be conducted in May,June,July,August and September 1982.
Schedule of Activities and Frequency of Sampling:
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3.Error correction.
2.Keypunching of data from keypunch forms to computer punch cards.
Data Entry:
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2.Data verification,i.e.checking keyed data for accuracy and
va1idi ty.
1.Hand coding of data from field data forms onto computer key punch
forms.
1.Data entry,including coding and keying.tIIIIII
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4.Loading of corrected data into a computer data base management
system,for subsequent retrieval,reformatting and report
production.
Workplan
Entry of data into the computer was primarily accomplished during FY 1982
through a three step process:
D.DATA PROCESSING
The work plan for meeting the data processing and data base management
objective of the data processing support unit is based primarily on the
procedures developed during·fiscal year (FY)1982.During this time
period,data collected from the winter of 1980 through the spring of 1982
was cataloged,summarized,and analyzed. Data base management consists of
a four step process which can be summarized as:
Step two and three above are generally implemented in a recursive manner
unti 1 all mi stakes are "caught"and corrected.
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3. Loading of data from cards to computer disk storage and
eventually onto computer tapes.
The procedure of coding,keypunching,and loading of the data was necessary
due to vast quantiti es of data whi ch needed to be processed ina short
period of time,and the availability of only one microcomputer during FY
1982.The addition of two microcomputers and additional staff to the data
processing support unit will allow for direct entry of data from field data
forms into the microcomputer during FY 1983. A software package called
DATASTAR (Mi cropro 1980a)is used for entry of data via a customized
computer data "form" •
Data entry via the software package DATASTAR is generally in the same
format as the field data form upon which the data is recorded.Design of
computer based forms for use in DATASTAR is via the companion software
package called FORMGEN (procedures to be used during form design are
detailed in the next section).The major exception to data entry via
DATASTAR is in the case of wordy comments or notes,whi ch have 1engths
(i .e.number of characters)which can not be anticipated or controlled.
Notes or comments of this type will be coded,keyed, and punched in the
same manner as the data was in FY 1982,except that keypunching will take
place directly with the microcomputer's full screen editor (SCOPE,Vector
Graphic 1981).Keypunch coding form design is detailed in the Coding Form
Design section.
DATASTAR Form Design:
Computer-based forms for data entry vi a DATASTAR are desi gned vi a the
companion software program called FORMGEN (MicroPro 1980a).Specific
details of the operation of FORMGEN and DATASTAR are presented in the
DATASTAR User's Guide (MicroPro 1980a).General principles to be used
during form design is included in the following text.
Computer-based forms are designed to recreate as much as possible the
arrangement and appearance of the field data form.FORMGEN is used to
-86-
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create forms for the CRT (cathode-ray tube)screen of the mi crocomputer
which have two major components:
1.Background text,that is text which is usually printed onto the
field form and is not actual data.
2. Data fields,that is areas where data can be entered during the
data entry stage via DATASTAR.
Background text can be formatted in any manner using all the "prf ntab le"
characters of the CRT screen (except the underl ine),but is generally
designed to duplicate the format of the field data form.
Data fields are positioned and created (by underline characters)in the
same positions as those of the field data form.The number of characters
for each data field is determined either directly from the field form or by
consultation with field biologists,who know the scale and accuracy of
measurements to be recorded in each data field.Additional characteristics
(besides scale and accuracy)are associated with each data field.These
characteristics include:
1. Order (order in which data entry will occur).
2.Padding (e.g.pad field with blanks or zeros).
3.Verification (verify data during data entry).
4.Edit mask:
a. Entry control mask (e.g.enter or leave blank,constant
value,constant decimal point).
b. Content control mask (e.g.allowable characters,that is
numbers or alphabetics,or both,etc.).
-87-
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These data field characteristics are chosen to maximize ease,efficiency,
and accuracy of data entry via DATASTAR.Note that all fields should be
padded with either blanks,or zeros and these edit characters should be
"recorded".
An additional "data field"is inccrporated in each computer form.This
field is not a data item on the original field data form. This item is
termed Observation ID (OBSID).The OBSID serves three purposes:
.1.A unique identifier for each individual page of a particular
field data form.
2. A sorting and identifing variable for use by DATASTAR (i.e.a key
field).
3.As a case identifier for the hierarchical data base system used
on the Boeing mainframe computer system (this data base system
utilizes a software package called Scientific Information
Retrieval (SIR 1979),and is detailed in a later section).
Assignment of OBSID numbers is a sequential series of numbers (e.g.1,2,
3,etc),each series of numbers being unique to a particular field data
form.
Forms created via FORMGEN can generally be designed to recreate the field
data form on the CRT screen.However,in some cases,the number of data
fields of the form exceeds the maximum number of fields (245) allowed by
FORMGEN.In these cases the field data form is "divided"into two (or
more)different computer based forms.Background text and data field items
which are necessary for identification of a particular page (e.g.OBSID)of
data is repeated in both computer-based forms.
Coding Form Design:
As previously menti oned notes and comments recorded on fi e 1d data forms
will not be entered into the computer via DATASTAR.These notes and
-88-
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comments wi 11 be coded on keypunch codi ng forms,for 1ater entry via the
microcomputer's editing system (SCOPE).The principles for design of forms
for coding notes and comments are essentially the same as those principles
used during FY 1982 for design of all keypunch coding forms.Each form
consist of a legal-sized (8 1/2" X14") piece of paper with 80 columns and
20 rows (Figure 9)._The first 21 columns of every coding form is of a
standard format.The first column is labeled card type and takes on a
value of 1-9 and is used in cases where more than one type of card is
needed to code data from field data forms (e.g.whole page comments on card
type 1 and individual line notes on card type 2)(Note card type is
equivalent to record type in SIR data base schema definition).The next
eight columns (2-9) are for coding of four possible sort identifier
variables (S.l.D.#IS 1-4)of two columns each,which can take on a value
of 00 to 99.S.l.D.variables can be used for a variety of reasons,but
are generally used to match up individual card images (80 column records)
with each other.For example,S.LD.#1 is always coded as 00 if the
information to be coded in the data fields (columns 22-80)is of a whole
page nature (that is headi ng informati on)".If the informati on to be
recorded in the data fields is related to a specific "line"of the field
data form, then S.l.D.#1 is coded as the particular line number (e.g.02
for line #2). Accordingly,S.LD.#1 is used to match up information
between information coded on more than one card type or individual card
image (i.e.a continuation card).Note that S.l.D.#1 is always coded.
S.l.D.#2 is usually used to code a card image's continuation order.That
is S.l.D.#2 is coded as 01 if it is the first in a series of card images
which refer to a unique combination of OBSID (page number)and SID #1
(whole page, 00, or line number).SID #2 need not be coded if only one
card image is needed to code for a particular type of information.
S.l.D.#3 and #4 are generally not used and are accordingly available for
exceptional cases.One case in which S.LD.#3 and #4 was used during
FY 1982 is in the case of correlating data coded on different types of
forms (e.g.point specific data with catch data).In this instance S.l.D.
#3 and #4 are combined into one variable called catalog number.Catalog
numbers are then used to relate the fish catch of a particular piece of
-89-
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Data Entry via DATASTAR:
Coding of Notes and Comments:
Notes and comments recorded on fi e1d data forms need to be coded onto
keypunch codi ng forms pri or to data entry into the mi crocomputer.There
are two basic types of notes or comments:
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The final 59 columns (22-80) of each card image is used to code data,that
is notes and comments.If a note or comment associated with a whole page
or a particular line of the field data form can not be coded in 59 columns,
then the data is continued in the next card image and SID #2 is used to
order which card image is first,second,etc •
gear with the water depth and velocity (and other pertinent data)
associated with the habitat in which the gear was set.Catalog numbers are
also used to relate biological data (e.g.length,age,and sex) of fish
collected with point specific habitat data.Note that catalog numbers will
be coded during FY 1983 via DATASTAR and not directly onto coding forms.
Procedures for data entry into the microcomputer via the software package
DATASTAR onto computer-based forms generated via FORMGEN is detailed in the
DATASTAR User's Guide (MicroPro 1980a). In addition to the procedures
outlined in the user's guide,the software of DATASTAR provides "Help
Screens"which allow for immediate access while on the mi crocomputer to
instructions and explanations to the data entry (and modification)
procedures of DATASTAR.
The next six columns (10-15) of the coding form is used to code OBSID,
which as previously explained uniquely identifies a particular page of a
particular field data form.This number is consecutively assigned by Data
Processing and can take a value of 000001-999999.The next six columns
(and optionally a 7th column)(columns 16-21 (22)) is used to code the form
number which corresponds to the form number of the field data form (e.g.
AH8206).
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1.Whole page that is information recorded relates to the entire
page of data
2. Individual line,that is information relates to an individual
line of data on the page.
The coding procedure for both types of data is identi ca1 except for the
coding of S.I.D.#1.The procedure to be followed for coding S.I.D.#1 is
detailed in the Coding Form Design section.Coding of additional S.LD.
variables along with OBSID and other identifying information is also
detailed in the Coding Form Design section.Coding of the note or comment
information is generally exactly as it appears on the field data form onto
columns 22-80 of the coding form for as many continuation cards as are
needed (if continuation cards are used S.LD.#2 needs to be coded to
indicate order of the card images). Standard and well-recognized
abbreviations can be used but should be avoided if at all possible.When
continuing information from one card to the next care must be taken to
allow for the proper separation of words.If the last character in a word
is coded in column 80 of one card image then column 22 of the continuing
card image should be left blank in order to separate the last word from the
next.Conversely,if·a word needs to be separately coded onto two card
images columns 80 of the first and column 22 of the next card image should
not be blank.Note dash (-)characters should not be used to indicate
splitting of a word.
Data Entry of Coded Forms VIA SCOPE:
The microcomputers which Data Processing uses come installed with Vector
Graphic's full screen editing software package called SCOPE.Specific
details of the operation of SCOPE is included in the SCOPE Reference Manual
(Vector Graphic 1981).SCOPE also provides on-line help screens which can
be used when simple problems arise during data entry.
Data Verification:
-92-
-93-
Error Correction:
b. Valid ranges (minimum and maximum values).
3.Computerized data checking via customized computer programs,
these programs are written to check for.
..,--"7.~~"-~=.:.:::=:;;:~~""
a. Valid values using reference computer files (e.g.species
codes).
4."Final"check,which entails production of summary computer
printouts with minimum and maximum values of keyed-in variables,
which are then checked against field data forms and checked for
"biological"validity.
2.Secondary verification,which entails checking of all keyed data
fields from standardized computer printouts against field data
forms.
1.Initial or automatic verification,this is verification which
occurs during the data entry phase;and entails checking data
fields which uniquely identify a page (OATASTAR)or a card image
(SCOPE)(e.g.08SIO,data S.I.O.#1 and #2,etc.).
Correction of keying errors disco~ered during the verification process
outlined above is accomplished in a similar manner as data entry.However,
The last three verification steps are implemented iteratively after the
error correction procedure. Steps 2 and 3 above are sometimes followed in
the reverse order.Step 4 above may require input from field biologists to
complete.
Verification of data entered into the microcomputer entails checking for
accuracy of data entered into the computer in comparison to data recorded
on original field data forms.The verification process occurs in three
distinct steps.
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DATASTAR to SIR Data File Format:
-94-
only those data fields requiring correction need to be reentered.When
using DATASTAR the particular page (as indentified by OBSID)is brought to
the screen by scanning the data file by "key mode",making the appropriate
correction and then filing that particular page (Note specific details of
this procedure are included in the DATASTAR User's Guide (MicroPro 1980a).
After all corrections are made in a DATASTAR file the "File Maintenance"
procedure of DATASTAR should be followed.
When using SCOPE the particular card image line in the data file in which
an error occurs,must be brought up to the screen (by scrolling or jumping)
(note the line number is ascertained from the printout).The OBSID,and
S.LD #IS should be compared to ensure that the correct line has been
found.The error should then be corrected in the same mann~r as duri ng
data entry.Finally when all corrections are made to the file needed, the
editor should be commanded to exit and file the corrected data file (see
the SCOPE Reference Manual (Vector Graphic 1981)for more details).
.-=--""'c=.-__......................~,~==.-=-'=-==_--"--'-.__~~_._---~~~..~.,,_......~~~-~
The microcomputer data files produced by DATASTAR are not in a format which
can be used in the hierarchical data base system of SIR,which is used on
the mainframe computer system (see"Data Base Management section).The
files produced by DATASTAR are fixed length records with carriage
return-line feeds ending each "record".The record length is determined by
the number of positions in all the data fields of one page of data plus one
comma to separate each data field.Each DATASTAR record contains
information which is usually represented in multiple card image types for
input to the SIR data base system. Accordingly, the data in one DATASTAR
record needs to be reformatted into the appropriate SIR data card image
types.The number and format of the new card images to be produced from
each DATASTAR record is determined by referral to the appropriate SIR data
base Schema defination (see Data Base Management Section).Data in each
DATASTAR record is reformatted into card images which have a set format for
the first 21 (22)columns.These first 21 columns are formatted exactly
the same as waS described in the Coding Form Design Section (i.e.card type
in column 1,S.LD.#IS 1-4 in coulmns 2-9,OBSID is columns 10-15,and
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Form number in columns 16-21).Each DATASTAR record contains data which
describes information,which pertains to the whole page and data which
pertains only to an individual line of data.
Whole page information is reformatted into card image files which have
S.I.D.#1 (columns 2-3)coded as 00. For one particular card type of whole
page information (e.g.geographic location,t .e , geographic code,Susitna
River mile,tributary river mile,and sampling location)one card image is
produced from each individual DATASTAR record.However,more than one card
image type may be needed to code all the whole page information due to
there only being 59 columns on each card for data coding.
Information contained on an individual line of the original field form and
in the DATASTAR record is reformatted into as many card image types as
necessary (note only 59 columns available for data in each card image). In
all cases S.I.D.#1 is coded as the particular line number corresponding to
the original field data form.
When more than one DATASTAR form is required to code one fi eld data form
(see DATASTAR Form Design Section)information from all the types of
DATASTAR forms needs to be combined.Whole page information only needs to
be reformatted from one of the DATASTAR forms.However,whole page
information from the other forms should be compared to the.reformatted
version to ensure accuracy.Individual line information is reformatted
from all DATASTAR files and then combined according to card type. Note,
that in these cases care must be taken that S.I.D.#1 is coded according to
the line number of the original field data form not the line number of each
individual DATASTAR form.
Reformatting of DATASTAR files to card image files is accomplished by
execution of customized microcomputer programs written in one of the
high-level programming languages generally PL/I-80 (Digital Research 1980)
is used as it is a language ideally suited for reformatting and operates
quickly and efficiently on the microcomputer.Reformatting programs need
to be individually written for each DATASTAR form type. Accordingly,
specific procedures to follow in creating the appropriate programs is
-95-
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determined by the parti cul ar DATASTAR form type and the appropri ate SIR
data file format.When executing these reformatting programs the operator
should confirm that DATASTAR's "File Maintenance"procedure has been
followed.
Data Base Management
Data base management includes two major tasks:
1.Management of data storage media (e.g.field data forms and
magnetic computer disks and tapes).
2.Management of the data itself (e.g.records or observations,
variables,etc,).
The above tasks can be subdivided further by the two different computer
systems utilized by the data processing support unit:
1.The microcomputer system with its associated computer diskettes.
2.The mainframe Boei ng Computer Services EKS1-CDC 6000 computer
with its on-line disk storage and off-line tape storage.
Microcomputer Data Storage Management:
Data is stored in four formats associated with the inhouse microcomputer
system:
1. Original field data forms.
2. On-line hard magnetic disk files .
3.Off-line floppy magnetic disk files.
4. Paper computer printouts of data.
-96-
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Management of original field data forms primarily consist of filing forms
according to:
1.Project origin (i.e.AA-adult anadromous,AH-aquatic habitat,and
RJ-resident and juvenile).
2.Form type (e.g.AH 8206-thermograph data).
3.Observation identification number (08S1D,see sections on
DATASTAR and coding form design).
Computer disk files (both on and off line)are "managed"primarily by
on-line software provided with the microcomputer or written inhouse.
Specific details of operating the software are provided in various
operating manuals. General utility programs along with their purpose and
associated operating manuals are listed in Table 2.
-97-
.
__"_•.-..--.~.__•__~'~~'~'~.~-.o;'--~4¥~....6r~,..~_.~~~~_,~--_._--_....._-.._-_..__....__._---
ERA erase files Vector Graphic (1979a)
OIR list files Vector Graphic (1979a)
REN rename files Vector Graphic (1979a)
TYPE type files on CRT Vector Graphic (1979a)
screen
STAT list status of files,Vector Graphic (1979a)
disks,system
PIP copy files between Vector Graphic (1979a,b)
disk/user area
SC data entry .Vector Graphic (1981)
SUBMIT/XSUB operate in "batch"mode Vector Graphic '(1979a,b)
SUPSORT sort/merge data within MicroPro (1980b)
and between files
CATALOG catalog disk files SRX Systems (1981 )
OATASTAR/FORMGEN data entry MicroPro (1980a).
General microcomputer utility programs used for data base
management.
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Table 2.
Program
Name PurE,ose
-98-
Manual
Reference
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Data files are entered into the microcomputer via DATASTAR or SCOPE (SC)
usually onto on-line hard disk files.During the data entry,verification,
and error correcti on phase,these on-l ine fi 1es should be copied onto
back-up off-line floppy disks on a daily basis.
An individual floppy disk is assigned to each data file type (i.e.DATASTAR
files and SCOPE files associated with one field data form,e.g.AH8206).
Each floppy disk in turn is also duplicated onto a back-up disk (this is
due to the fragile nature of floppy disks).
Each data floppy disk is cataloged via the on-line CATALOG command.
Specific details of operating CATALOG are listed in the CATALOG operating
manual (SRX Systems 1981).
After daily backup to floppy disks,the catalog is updated for each
individual cataloged disk with the associated date/time that the backup
procedure occured.
After all data entry,verifications,and error correction has occurred the
fi na1 versi on of each data fi 1e is copied onto the appropri ate floppy
disks,the catalog is updated to reflect the final nature of the data
files,and the on-line harci disk versions are erased (ERA).Erasures of
·any files (on hard or floppy disks)should be approved by the DP unit's
Systems Analyst or Biometrician.Approval to erase is not necessary for
certain files which are automatically generated by the system
(e.g.*.BAK files).
In addition to copying data files to off-line floppy diskette storage,any
customized programs used to verify,list,correct,or produce reports for
each type of data form should also be filed on the appropriate floppy disk
(note that the catalog should reflect the purpose of each program).
Computer printout listings of data and source programs are filed separately
according to field data form type (e.g.AA8214)in computer printout
binders.Each listing should have the date and time of production listed
on the first sheet of the printout.
-99-
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Microcomputer Data Base Management:
Management of data (i.e.observations and variables)via the microcomputer
system is essentially equivalent to data storage management outlined above.
Essentially,most "true"data base management occurs on the mainframe
computer system,as outlined in a later section.However,various
procedures are carried out on the microcomputer system which is in support
of the mainframe data base management system.
These procedures include:
1.Reformatting data files from DATASTAR format to SIR card-type
files.
2. Creation and editing of "program"files to be used on the Boeing
Computer system.
3.Transmitting and receiving files to and from the mainframe
computer system.
Reformatting data is accomplished via customized computer programs usually
written in PL/I-80 (Digital Research 1980).Program files are
created/edited on the mtcrocomputert s fullscreen editing system (SCOPE,
Vector Graphic 1981).
Transmitting and receiving data,program,and printer files between the
mi crocomputer system "and the Boei ng Computer System is via the software
packages of BSTMS (Byrom Software 1980)and SEND (written inhouse).
Mainframe Computer Data Storage Management:
Data storage medium associated with the Boeing mainframe computer system is
in two different formats:
1. On-line magnetlc disk.
-100-
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-101-
Mainframe Computer Data Base Management:
2.Off-line magnetic tapes (located in Bellevue,Washington).
Specific details of data base creation,loading,updating,maintenance,and
report .production is included in the SIR User's Manual (SIR 1979).
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Transfer files between disk and tape storage formats is via the software
packages of UDUMPIT/ULOADIT.Details of operating the Boeing Computer
Systems on-line utility procedures are listed in the appropriate manuals.
Transfer of data to the on-line disk storage is via BSTMS/SEND as outlined
in the previous section.Data and program files stored on-line should be
backed up to tape on a daily basis,if they are modified in any manner.In
addition any file which is not consistently used (or accessed) should be
purged from on-line storage in order to reduce computer charges. Purging
of files should only occur after the backup procedure to tape has occurred
and only with permission of the Systems Analyst or Biometrician.
SIR is a hierarchical record-oriented data base management system (DBMS).
Accordingly, information stored for a particular data base can be
"tree-structured".For example,only one record/observation needs to be
stored for information describing a whole page of data,while multiple
records/observations are stored for information describing the individual
lines of data on the original field "data form.SIR has keys which allow
for easy access to the appropriate whole-page type of data associated with
each individual line of data.The majority of data bases created via SIR
by the Data Processing Support Unit wi li be structured according to the
format and nature of the field data form on which the data was originally
recorded.However,some of the data bases will consist of combinations of
separate data bases (e.g.catch of fish and aquatic habitat associated with
the catch).
Data manipulation,retrieval,listing,and reporting operations,on the
mainframe computer will be managed via the software package of
SIR(Scientific Information Retrieval,SIR 1979).
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Interfacing of SIR to the statistical software of SPSS (SPSS 1970)and BMDP
(Dixon and Brown 1979)is also outlined in the SIR User's Manual.
In addition to using SIR's built-in reporting procedures along with the
statistical packages of SPSS and BMDP,customized reporting programs can be
written in CDC FORTRAN (CDC 1980b)or CDC COBOL (CDC 1980a).Data files to
be used in these programs can be original files as received from the
microcomputer or files reformatted,combined,or sorted by SIR or CDC
Sort/Merge (CDC 1980c).
Data listing and report printer files can be printed on the high-speed line
printer located at Boe tnqs Remote Job Entry (RJE)site in Anchorage,
However,letter quality printing can be accomplished by the microcomputer1s
printer via the following procedures:
1."Save"printer output from various programs (e.g.SIR)in file
format.
2.Wrap the file,i.e.run the FORTRAN program WRAP which formates
the printer file for sending to the microcomputer.
3.Send the file to the microcomputer (via BSTMS).
4.Unwrap received file,i.e.run PL/I-80 UNWRAP program on
microcomputer.
5.Print file with PL/I-80 PRINTCC command.
-102-
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III.DATA PROCEDURES
A.ADULT ANADROMOUS FISHERIES STUDIES
Side Scan Sonar Operations
1.PRINTER TAPE STAMP:Each day's printer tape will be stamped
(Figure 1)at the beginning and end of the tape as well as
anytime during the day that control settings are changed.Each
morni ng the tape is to be removed from the counter,stamped on
both sides of the tear and filled with the same information on
each stamp.
2.DAILY LOG FOR SIDE SCAN SONAR COUNTER FORM:This is a summary of
changes in controls which will be updated daily (Table 1).The
information is necessary when interpreting sonar counts and
calibration factor data.
3.SIDE SCANNER COUNTER LOG FORM:Details the mechanics of
operation of the counter,substrate and related equipment (Table
2).Any apparent malfunctions should be reco.rded with
description,frequency,and consistency noted. Also, changes in
sensitivity,spare card changes,raising or moving of substrate,
anticipated problems,and needed repairs on equipment.This is
the place where suggestions on improving operations,notes on
river conditions which might have an effect on the equipment,and
general comments should be noted.
4.DAILY SONAR COUNTS FORM:Sonar counts from printer tapes are
entered by hour and sector (Table 3).Counts whi ch regi ster
debris or are skipped in printing should be noted with a "d" or
"S"in the appropriate hour-sector box.Enter "0"if there are
no counts.To tabul ate data:An average of the hour on each
side of a skip will be used to interpolate for the debris or skip
block.Counts should be totalled for each sector and each hour.
The grand total is the total of a11 sectors or all hours (they
-103-
•
-104-
,
should be equal).This is known as the "daily raw count".After
each day's counts are tabulated and reported,printer tapes and
SSS count forms are to be placed in notebooks and sent to the
main office every two weeks.
5.SIDE SCAN SONAR COUNTER FIELD COUNTER CALIBRATION LOG FORM:Raw
counts will be calibrated in season by visual monitoring of the
counters wt.th an oscilliscope.Counters will be calibrated a
minimum of four times daily.All calibration counts are to be
recorded on the Side Scanning Sonar Counter Field Calibration Log
form (Table 4).
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Figure 1.Printer tape stamp.
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Iable 1. Daily log for side scan counter,AA-82-12
------_._-------~--
__________Station[
Page of AA-82-12
DAILY LOG FOR SIDE SCAN SONAR COUNTER
Bank:SIN:_
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Fish Beam Dead Counting Print Printout Test
Date Time Velocity Angle Range Range Time Time Time
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Table 2. Side scanner counter log~AA-82-13
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__________Station
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AA-B2-13
Side Scanner Counter Log
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Date Time Remarks (t ,e ,Substrate lifted.any controls reset.etc.)
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[Table 3, Daily sonar counts,AA-82-09
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AA-82-09
[Page _of_
Bank:-----------
Dally Sonar Counts
Date:_
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Total
Sector
9 10 11 1287
{Total raw counts)
------------(Total debris counts)
______(Total good counts)
(debris blocks)
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Total good blocks ___
Total65
Sector
3 42
(Total raw counts)
----------(Total debris counts)
____________(Total good counts)
(debris blocks).....ro="t..-a.....j-g-o-o....,a-c-o-u-n ts x 144
Total good blocks ___
Adjusted Raw Count Adjusted Raw Count
(Sectors 1-6)(Sectors 1-6)~
TOTAL DAILY ESCAPEMENT (Adjusted raw count sectors 1-6 +7-12)=__
Cor1~IENTS ON BACK
Time 1
Total
--.-----.---.
0100
0200 !
0300
0400
0500 I
0600 !
0700
0800 ,
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1000 !
1100 ;
1200
1300
1400 ;
1500 I
1600
1700 !
1800 i
1900 ;
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2000 ,
2100 :!
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2300 I
2400 :I
Station:_
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Table 4. Side scan sonar counter filed calibration log,AA-82-10
Date Observer Time Percent Beam Fish
Sensi-IScopeSonar Agree-Width Velocity Conments
!Start stop Count Count ment Alt••(Sec/Ft)tivity :
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SIDE SCAN SONAR COUNTER FIELD CALIBRATION LOG
Station Bank:
-109-
SIN:
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Tag/Recapture"Operations
Daily Procedures:
1.Daily fishwheel catches will be reported on the Daily Fishwheel
Catch Log form (Table 5 or Table 6).Each time a fishwheel is
checked, the catch will be recorded along with the corresponding
time in military hours.Following the last daily check, the
catches will be summarized and entered in the appropriate space.
2. Fish tagged at each sampling station will be recorded on the Tag
Deployment Log form (Table 7).This form may be used between
fishwheels.Information recorded on each fish tagged shall
include:date,tag number,fishwheel location,species and sex.
A summary of the tagging data by species shall be entered in the
space provided on the bottom of the form.
3.Tag recaptures from other sampling stations will be logged on the
Tag Recapture Record form (Table 8).Recorded information shall
include:fishwheel location;tag number,color and type;and
species.A summary of recapture data by species shall be entered
in the space indicated on the form.Fish recaptured at the
sampling station where they were"tagged will be released and will
not be recorded on the Fishwheel Daily Catch Record form or the
Tag Recapture Record form.
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Table 5. Daily fishwheel catch log,AA-82-01A
Daily Fishwheel Catch log
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Date IYV/MM/D"ii"'):"""/ /____-'StatiOri ---
AA-82-01A
Geograph ic Codes EBU / / / / .'EBl "T"--/---/--/---/-
WBU "T"--/---/--/--r:«:
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Fishwheel Salmon Whitefish r·lisc.Total
Catch
Hours Isockeye
Hump-Ilerlng
location Operated chinook pink chum coho'Rouna back Cisco Species No.
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EASTBAIlK I !TOTAL I
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Lower !
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DAILY TOTAL
EAST AND
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Conments:
-111-
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Table 6.Daily fishwheel catch log,AA-82-01B
Fishwheel Salmon Whitefish !'lise.Tnta l
Catch
Hours ,Hump-Ilerlng
Location Operated chinook sockeYE:I pink chum'coho Round back Cisco Species No.
Northbank
Upper
Northbank
Lower
NORTHBANK
TOTAL
Southbank
Upper
Southbank
Lower.
SOUTHBANK
TOTAL
DAILY TOTAL
NORTH AND
SOUTH BANK
Oaily Fishwheel Catch Log
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Date TYY/~1M/Dur:/ /_____,Statloil---
Comments:
AA-82-01B
Geographic Codes HBU / / / / /HBL "r":":-/---/--/---/-
SBU -,--/---/--/---/-
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[Page of
AA-82-14
Tag Deployment Log
!I I SEX Flshwheel Offlce Use
Date ,TaQ Number Species M F Location Only
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Project Location (camp):.-1-__/__.-1_.-1__.-I
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SHEET SUMMARY:No.Fish Tagged.
Chinook :Sockeye : Pink
Total
Chum
-113-
Coho i
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Table 8.Tag recaptured lqg,AA-82-19
AA-82-19
[Page _ of TAG RECAPTURED RECORD
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Project Location (camp):•~__~__~__I __~
Fishwheel Tag Leave Bank
Date Location Species
olor 11 lrype31 (office use only)
Number
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SHEET SUMMARY!
No.Recaptures
Chinook
Sockeye --------
PinkChum ----------
Coho _
TOTAL:
II Color:Int.Orange =0
Yellow ='I(
White =W
2/Floy Spaghetti =S
Petersen Disc =P
-114-
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Mainstem Survey Operations
The Electrofishing Catch Log form (Table 9)will be completed after each
sampling drift.The Electrofishing Data Record for Spawning Fish form
(Table 10)will be used to record mainstem anadromous fish spawning sites
and the Adult Anadromous and Resident Spawning Site Map form (Table 11)
will be used to map these spawning areas.
The Egg Deposition Log form (Table 12)will be used to record data
collected in egg deposition sampling on suspected mainstem spawning areas.
Information recorded will include:date,site,location,and number of
eggs,live and dead,sampled.
Slough and Tributary Surveys
Foot surveys on streams and sloughs wi 11 be recorded on the Escapement
Survey Log form (Table 13).Data recorded on each survey will include,
date,stream or slough name,survey conditions,distance surveyed,live and
dead fish counted by species and number of live tagged fish by tag type and
color.The II Remarks II column,in particular will include names of survey
staff and reference to any tag loss.Tags on carcasses will be removed as
schedule permits and the information recorded on the back side of the
Escapement Survey Log form.
Aerial escapement survey data on chinook salmon will be recorded on the
Chinook Salmon Survey Log form (Tabl~14). Information recorded will
include:survey date,conditions,distance (or reach),and method;number
of live and dead chinook salmon counted;and surveyors name.
Mainstem Set Netting
Results of set netting by the Gold Creek survey crew will be recorded on
the RM 150 Set Net Log form (Table 15).Information recorded will include:
date,fishing time,location and catch.
-115-
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Bering Cisco Monitoring
The Daily Fishwheel Catch Log form (Table 5)will be used to record
fishwheel interceptions of Bering Cisco.Age and length samples will be
collected as defined in Appendix XI,Age and Length Sampling Operations -
Instructions and Coding except that lengths will be recorded to the nearest
millimeter and will be taken from the tip-of-snout to fork-of-tail.
Eulachon Survey Operations
Set netti ng resul t wi 11 be recorded on the Eul achon --Estua ri ne Set
Netting Log form (Table 16).Recorded data will include site location,
date,fishing time and catch by species.
The Eulachon Spawning Location Log form (Table 17). will be used to record
where spawning is found in the mainstem.Information recorded will include
a legal description of the location,estimate of abundance and dates.
Sex composition samples will be recorded on the Eulachon Sex Composition
Log form (Table 18).Individual age (otoliths)samples will be stored in
pre-labeled vials containing a 50 percent ethanol solution.Corresponding
weight and length measurements,collectors name,date,and sampling
location will be entered in the space provided on each vial label.
-116-
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Table 9.Electrofishing catch log,AA-82-03
AA-82-03[
[
Crew:
Electroshocking Catch Log
Location:
Adult Anadromous
Chinook (04l..!.)--,-::...._
Sockeye (042..!.)_
Coho (°43..!.)_
Pi nk (044..!.)_
Chum (045..<.)_
Surface Water Temperature:
Upper River Mile:_
Trib, River Mi le:_
Geographic Codel l :J__J __J_J __J_
Time Shocked (seconds):___
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Sample: _
Date (YY/MM/DD):1 1 __
Ti me (mi1 ita ry):_
Distance Shocked (yards):__
Conductivity:_
Species Catch Remarks
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Resident
Do lly Varden
Rainbow
Humpback Whitefish
Round Whitefi sh
Arcti c Grayling
Longnose sucker
Burbot
(530-'-)......._
(54l.!-)_
(582.!-)_
(586.!-)_
(610.!-)_
(640-'-)_
(590.!-)_
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Juvenile Anadromous
Chinook.~-----------------------
Sockeye _
Co 11 0 _
1/Geographic code for upper river mile
-117-
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[Table 10.Electrofishing data record for spawning fish,AA-82-02
[
[AII-R?-02
[Electroshocking Oata Record for Spawninq Fish
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Crew:
Sample:
Date (YY/MM/DD):1 1 __
Time (mi1ita ry):_
E
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Location
Geographic Code l/: _1 1 1__1 I
Upper River Mile:
Trib.River Nile:
Loca 1 Descri pti on:_
Vol ts:_
Amperage:•
Conducti vity:_
Frequency:_
Pulse Hidth 2/:--------------------
Distance Shocked (yards):_
Time Shocked (seconds):___
Electrode System:_
Current Type:_
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2/Mod!']VVP-I5 only
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[~
[Table 11. Adult Anadromous &Resident spawning site map,AA-82-05
[
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AA-82-05
Adult Anadromous &Resident Spawning Site Map
Sample:_
Date (YY IMII/DO):_
Crew:Trib.River Mile:-------
Location:River Mile
l /:GC 2/:J 1 I
Description:_
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11 Upper river mile
21 G~onraphir cone for upper river mile
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-120-
Table 12.Egg deposition log,AA-82-17
11 (YY/MM/DD)
2/ Include names of survey staff and substrate description
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AA-82-l7
EGG DEPOSITION LOG
Page _of_.
Plot Number NUMBER EGGS REMARKS 2/
(Sequential)LIVE DEAD TOTAL
,
•
--
--
TOTALS
DATE l/:-----
LOCATION:RIVER MILE GEOGRAPHIC CODE:_/__--.!__--.!_--.!__--.!
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Table 13.Escapement survey log,AA-82-18
[PaQe _ of AA-82-18
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ESCAPEHENT SURVEY LOG
!Date2/Survev3/!No.Live Taaaed I510ughSpeciesNo.Observed J Conments 5/~o./Stream II-ond.Dt,stance Surveyed !I Peterson lSC i 5Daahettl I
iLive 4/:Dead Total
whitel Yellow Oranlle Oranlle 'Yellow
ChInOOk
i Sockeye !i i
Pink !
Chum i ,
Coho I !:
!
Chinook I
,Sockeye :
Pink
,Chum
Coho ;
Chinook i I
Sockeye I
;
Pink ,
:Chum
-Coho
i IChinook
I :Sockeve
;
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'P'ink
I Chum ,
I Coho
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5/NOTE:Survey Personnel,Predator Ac~ivity,and tag loss,etc.
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1/ Stream/Slough confluence with mainstem Susitna River
3/ Survey conditions:poor,fair,good or excellent
Surveyed Distance: ..Note to nearest 0.1 mile
2/(YY/HM/OO)
4/ Include all live tagged and untagged fish.
L -121-
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[Table 14.Chinook salmon survey log,AA-82-16
[
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[f .:
c Page _of_.AA-82-16
Chinook Salmon Survey Log
,
-122-
(VY/MH/DD)
Note: Surveyers Name.Survey reach or sub. reach if entire.stream not surveyed.
Stream I SurveY Chinook Salmon Counted Remarks 2/
Surveyed uate 11 NetnoO I,-ona 1 t 1ons LlVe ueao Iota I
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Table 15.RM 150 set net log,AA-82-15
AA-82-15
Locatl0n Nettlno lmeZ,,-rate
Oate lte RlVer Mlle I Ilegln 1 end otal Hours :SOCkeye 1'1iik l:Ilum --cono -uthe Remarks4/
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·Page _of_.
RM 150 Set Net Log
Site:No.1,RM 150.4
No.2,RM 150.2
No.3,RM 150.1
No._'RM
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1/ Refer to 1981 map defining set net locations.
2/Military hours.
3/ Note species composition in "Remarks"column.
4/ Include names of set net staff,river flow conditions,fi~hing conditions,and development stage of
fish (i.e.pre-spawning,spawning or post spawning).
-123-
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Table 16.Eulachon --Estuarine set netting log,AA-82-07
. AA-82-07
Eulachon --Estuarine Set Netting Log
Site 1 1 1 1 1 1Site2-1---1---1--1---1-
Site 1==1==1=-1==1=[
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Datel1
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Si te No.Tide
ll'C--rime
Fishing
Net
IN --our
Time 21 Catch
rulaClion
Pre- Post
:SEalo/ners _-.spawners,
0tIiei'!l
Conrnents
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2/Military Time
31 Identify species in comment section
-124-
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Table 17.Eulachon spawning location log,AA~82-06
AA-82-06
PAQe of
Eulachon Spawning Location L09 I/
Spawning Location Habitat
Date21 RlVer /11 le
limi ts (1/10)
Lower U£E.er
Rldpolnt
(Geographic Code)
~-_/__/_/__/
~-_/__/_/__/
~-_/__/_/__/
~-_/__/_/__/
~-_/__/_/__I
~-_/__/_/__/
Evaluated3/i
Yes (I),
No (2)
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Site4/
No.
Conments51
11 Complete form on those,sites where all of the following criteria are met: A) Fish are freely expelling eggs or milt.
B) Fish are in vigorous free-swimming condition.C)Twenty or more fish are caught in the initial or subsequent
site samplinQ effort which meet criteria A through 8.
21 (VY/MM/DD)3/Indicate by numerical code for yes or no.
41
5/
If habitat evaluated,assign a site identification number (e.g.,AH-l,AH-2)
Include subjective estimate of spawner abundance (i.e.,low,moderate,high) and where possibie an objective estimate.
-125-
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Table 18.Eulachon sex composition log,AA-82-08
. Date 1/Location 2/No.Sampled Remarks 3/
(River Mile)
I Male t-emale lotal
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2/
3/
AA-82-08
Eulachon Sex Composition Log
(YY/MM/DD)
Define to nearest 0.1 River Mile
Note:collectors name,spawning condition,etc.
-126-
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B.RESIDENT AND JUVENILE ANADROMOUS FISHERIES STUDIES
-127-
Table 20 presents a summary of the data forms that will be used by each of
the Resident Juvenile sub-projects.
Resident and Juvenile Anadromous Fisheries (RJ) study field data forms are
presented in Figure 2 through 12.
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Data forms
The Phase I data forms have been modified and revised based on input from
the project biometrician and several new forms have also been developed.,
The new biological data form (RJ 82-02)will be used whenever fish are
captured.The Phase I catch form was divided into two seperate forms (RJ
82-01)and (RJ 82-05).(RJ 82-01)will be used to record catches from
standard gear (i.e.minnow traps,fish traps,and trotlines)which are
fished at sampling sites on a regular basis.Catches from opportunistic
gear (i.e.gill nets,hook and line,electroshockers,and beach seines)
which are utilized less frequently or as time allows are recorded on (RJ
82-05).These forms will be used primarily by the fish distribution study
crews on the lower river.In the impoundment,where hook and line sampling
is the most used sampling technique,two different sampling forms (RJ
82-06)and (RJ 82-07)will be used to record catch by gear type.The
electrofishing crew will log their catch data on (AA 82-03). All crews
tagging fish will use the new tag deployment (RJ 82-03)and tag recapture
(RJ 82~04)forms which replace the single tagging form used last year.Two
new forms have been developed to record smolt trap catch data (RJ 82-08)
and biological data (RJ 82-09). In addition a new form has been designed
to record aquatic habitat data (AH 82-01)which will be collected by RJ
fish distribution crews. This form contains information on water quality,
staff gage measurements,and substrate data.El ectroshocki ng crews wi 11
record data on (AA 82-02),(AA 82-05),(AH 82-ES-01)whenever they discover
concentrations of spawning fish or identifiable spawning sites.(AA 82-02)
will be used to record electroshocking data for spawning fish.Spawning.·
"-,;'
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SUSITNA HYDRO STANDARD GEAR CATCH PATA RJ 82-01
Figure 2.Susitna Hydro standard gear catch data form,RJ 82-01.
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TIME C.tch •apecl••.Cod.Humb.r
..e "'.,It •..,Pulled Tolal
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-128-
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File NO.03-82-7.10-2.71
FO/SFH I.I./..!.Location AM/TAM ac -----
Oale:aear Sel --:::.J---/---aear Pulled / /Collector Initial.-------------
0 •.,.......
Coo.ItSH 51,.
Co,""'."":'
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File No.03-82-7.10-2.72
•.h ••••u.__.~_•••C_~~~.C.'~~~~-=c=_'~~.
Pege __er __
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SUSITNA HYDRO BIOLOGICAL DATA RJ 82-02
~~~~~~n RMITRM GC_L __L __L_L __
Dele collecled --;;;-/-;;;;;-/-;;;-Colleclor Inlllell _
Sp.cl,....·flIG·"I-J!.~.....ICI_,ClI_O••,~.N ....h Ilu Tig NWfl'iber ~!"''''1 rill ,
Cod'e...,..)....N••Coci.'....1,
2
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Figure 3.Susitna Hydro biological data form,RJ 82.02.
-129-
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FII.No.03-82-7.10-2.73
SUSITNA HYDRO TAG DEPLOYMENT OAT A RJ 82-03
0.1.I jT.,NItM'.'0 ••,a ..,cl.,L.flIgl"a ••pIJfllg L,c.Uofll H 'Uu'UY.
eo,.,r.......,eOd,e....'
0
01
01 I
01
01
0,I
01 I
01
01
01 I
0
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0
01
0
0
0
0
0
0
COM"'."":
Figure 4.Susitna Hydro tag deployment data form,RJ 82-03.
-130-
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File No.03-82-7.10-2.1'
SUSITNA HYDRO TAG RECAPTURE DATA RJ 82-04
/
D."I ••0 •.,\'...gt"J j,.,NUMb.r J '8..,nft.Locell."Rlv.,Mil.
Cod.rr•....dor I-I
101
0
0
0 I
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
10
10
0
0
0
10
0
Co",,,,.tll.:
Figure 5.Susitna Hydro tag recapture data form,RJ 82-04.
-131-
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CO"'fI'l ...tl:
SUSITNA HYDRO OPPORTUNISTIC GEAR CATCI!DATA RJ 82-05
Oat.:Gear Set ----1---1----aur PUlled / /coneclor Inlllall _
Unit ..U.k.111'1'Wod.1 Ho.
Palla of __
Gc_/L_~L_L~_RMITRM _
T I ..E C.te'"..a,.el..Cod.NUllIIIber
...1ft • ,...
S.t Pull.d ToI.1
Fil.NO,03-82-7.10-2.75
FO/SFH
Localion _
~:::PSII L:.:~t"~~z':
I 1 I 17.5',~O"
7.5'1.5'
7.5'2.0'
7.5'2.5'
I 10 I 7.5'1.0'
7.5'1.5'
7.5'2.0'
7.5'2.5'
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8.11 Hook Hooll
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L Figure 6,Susitna Hydro opportunistic gear catch data form,RJ 82.05,
[-132-
~.:-_._--_.__.--~',''".'~'.'-.~'.-~"~'-~-~~--.-
U"II -",,11.,a"d Y.,
0,··0'_
Gc_I I L_L __RM/TRM _
-'-".._'-...._-------------..-'-'_.'~'-~'"'-"""~~......:~=~,--,,-~-
T I ...[Catch -Sp,ct..Code HVlllber fit .....,II.•
Sol hell.er T.Ia'
--A\"te.-"lot\.;-----
II No.
File No.03-82-7.10-2.75
SUSITNA HYDRO OP~ORTUNISTIC GEAR CATCH DATA RJ 82-05
FO/5FHLocallon _
Oat.:Goo'5.1 /-/Ooa,PUIl.d / /Colleclo,Inliial.
-133-
~:::'SN l:,,',ttPl ~~IIIPl
Co~",.",.:
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e-......,VOl..-''''PI
~lE§_I
Ball Hook HO.k
,~r···A@]~··I
Figure 7.Susitna Hydro alternate opportunitic gear catch data form,
RJ 82-05.·
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SUSITNA HYDRO PROPOSED IMPOUNDMENT HOOK &LINE CATCH DATA
RJ 62-06
l.ocallon RM GC _L __I L_L __
R ••ch TR'"TOla'C.'eta -.".c'••
Time a,o Ae.a,k.
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.8
0.7
0.8
-
•
..._-_.-..
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File No.03-62-1.10-2.'0
Dale __L_L_
Comments
Paoo __01 _
Colleclo,·.Inilial."-__
6
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Figure 8.Susitna Hydro proposed impoundment hook and line catch data form,
RJ 82-06.
-134-
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""'"NO.U:J-d~-1.10-:l..11 Paoe __o'_
-~----=--_._.-_._,.----_.'--'-_.,~..-----._-
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SUSITNA HYDRO PROPOSED IMPOUNDMENT OTHER GEAR CATCH OA TA
RJ 62-07
Loca.lon RMITRM GC _/L __L_L __
Oa'e:Se'__L_L_Pulled __1__1__Collec,o,',Inlll.l,_
o'.u flSN
T....Catch"Specl••Cod.
l:ft·~th w••"'.'flulledi To ..'I Remark.
Code 511:_••0
I 1 I
flSH .......
~6i1§,
I"t"1 ~r.~I:;;~I~R~---
II
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Figure 9.Susitna Hydro proposed impoundment other qear catch data form,
RJ 82-07.
-135-
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[File tlo.03-82-7.10-2.18
~~_.··-n·
PaOt_ol __
(.
SUSITNA HYDRO DOWNSTREAM MIGRANT TRAP CATCH DATA RJ 82-08
Location RM GC _L __L:__L _L __,-[
Ol'e ColleCltd __L _L_
J"."'Oft.dar
ColltClo,'1 Inlllll,_
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Tim.~u Calch -Species Code:i ~Remarka
s..:Cl\ee'10lal ..""IU IU In 133 ua 110 ISO0
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Comments
Figure 10.Susitna Hydro downstream migrant trap catch data form,RJ 82-08.
-136-
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SUSITNA HYDRO DOWNSTREAM MIGRANT TRAP DIOlOGICAl DATA RJ 82-09
~._-.._....
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Comments
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Figure 11.Susitna Hydro downs t r-sam migrant trap biological data form,
RJ 82-09.
-137-
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AH-82-01
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DATA
Collector',Inlll,ls _
GC
Sub'''•••cog,,:Subt","OI.c,lplioft
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FIELD
SUBSTRATE DATA
0 ...II'SN.Cod.("',.O.lfth",,,,N ....
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-
RM/TRM
Sampling Period
T"'bldll)'lak,,.0
SUSITNA HYDRO AOUA TIC HABITAT
",C'OI,e NO.
C'OI 0."o""IJ
"lATER QUAliTY DATA
F".rlc.03-82-7.10-3_7 _
~
=J'C~tl'.C Pr."",,._
FD/SFH
lOCI lionSir."l:;Jlin;Sile Description -:--:-:_
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O"'CI.,(I O'JQ'"
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~~t .....to(II,
T",ola".,
ST AFF GAGE MEASUREMENTS
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[-138-
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Table 20.List of 1982 Su Hydro field data forms utilized by RJ
sub-projects.
I Resident &.luveni le Anadromous Forms l/
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-;
-N M ¢~~~~~00 ~o 0 0 0 0 0 to 0 000
I I I I I I c:I , , ,
Sub-project I NNNNNN ~N N N Nc:oc:ocococoa:>QJ co ec co co..,
~~~~~~-~~~~0:::0:::0:::a::0:::a=t:S 0:::cc 0:::c:e=
i I !I:I
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Elec:"oshocking and
Radio Telemetry Study
Incubation,Emeregent.
and Outmigrant Study
Impoundment Study
Fish Distribution Study
Food Habits Study4/
I I
I I
IIXIXIX
I IXIXIXix,X
I .
1 I
i i
!XIX
i 'I I'XIX',I Ii:I i I I
I I ',I
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2/Adult Anadromnus"
Forms
Aquat.ic !iabi~at
Forms
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1/
2/
3/
4/
Sample forms and discussion of specif c data collect on presented n RJ Appendi,.
Sample forms and discussion of specif c data collect on presented n AA
Sample forms and discussion of specif c data collect on presented n All
Forms for Fond Habits Study currently being drafted.
-,
-139-
~.
3.Cottids will also be identified to species by collecting any
cottid not readily identified as a slimy sculpin.
2.Heads of all "humpback"whitefish mortalities will be collected
in order to identify to species by gill raker counts.
Catch and effort data will be recorded for each species as it was in Phase
I studies to help determine relative abundance.
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-140-
ss:
1.Otoliths will be collected from Dolly Varden mortalities for age
analysis instead of scales.Scales collected last year were too
small to be readable.
4.The electrofishing crew will take scale samples from the first 20
fish of each species captured and then 10 percent thereafter on a
daily basis.
Biological Data:
Biological data collected from each species will be the same as in the
Phase I studies with the following exceptions:
Catch and Effort Data:
Detailed instructions for coding the forms dicussed in the preceding
paragraph are explained in Appendix IX to this manual.
Specific data to be collected
Tag and Recapture Data:
sites of a9ult anadromous and resident fish will be mapped on (AA 82-05).
(AH 82-ES-Ol)is designed for recording aquatic habitat data at spawning
sites discovered by electroshocking crews.
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-141-
Aquatic Habitat Data:
Report Format
1.Factors influencing the distribution and abundance of each
species.
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_."._----~----_._.,---_._---'.'-.__...._-_._-~-_._-_._.__.---..-._--------------_._.._.c.____.:,..._._-_._'__."_
A.The distribution and abundance of the resident and juvenile anadromous
fish of the Susitna River below Devil Canyon.
Aquatic habitat parameters will be collected at.all fish distri'bution
sampling locations and suspected spawning sites.Water quality data such
as temperature,pH,dissolved oxygen,conductivity,and turbidity will be
recorded.In additi on stage changes of the river wi 11 be monitored via
staff gage measurements and general substrate and cover characteri sti cs
will also be recorded.
The reports on the studies previously identified will be prepared upon
completion of the 1982 field season,although various levels of data
processing and reporting will occur during the field season.The field
data will be transferred to the Anchorage office and filed under
appropriate categories.In addition,a field trip prospectus and a field
trip report will be submitted by each crew upon returning from the field.
Detai1ed fi e1d notes will be also recorded by the fi e1d crew members and
sub-project leaders.
The reporting format for the draft and final 1982 field season resident and
juvenile reports will be altered somewhat from the previous years
investigations.The reports will address each of the following
sub-objectives:
Tag and recapture efforts have been increased duri ng the 1982 ice-free.
field season with the aid of an expanded electroshocking program.
Increased numbers of tagged and recaptured fi sh wi 11 generate a greater
understanding of fish distributions and movements in the Susitna River
drainage.
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2. Basic biological data on the distribution and abundance of
Susitna River species.
B.The emergence and outmigration timing of salmon species occupying the
river above the Chulitna confluence.
Thi s report wi 11 encompass the outmi grati on work estab 1ished by the
smolt trap,incorporate applicable results of the juvenile
distribution studies,and provide a report of the winter emergence
data collected in the spring of 1982.
C.The development of eggs and juvenile salmon in the river reach above
the Chulitna River confluence.
This report is separated from the previous report because this study
will proceed throught the winter of 1982-83.The final report will
not be submitted until the early summer of 1983 because of the study
continuing through the entire 1982-83 winter.The 1982 and 1983
spring emergence data will be included in this report.
D.The distribution and abundance of fish within the boundaries of the
proposed impoundment.
E.Food preference for selected species and invertebrate distribution in
habitats associated with the mainstem Susitna above the Chulitna
confluence.
In all of these reports,data collected from the different crews outlined
in the field program will be integrated as necessary.This information
will be used as appropriate to address the objectives outlined for each
report.
-142-
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C.AQUATIC HABITAT AND INSTREAM FLOW STUDIES
Data Forms
Processing of data will be an ongoing activity during the sampling period
with data analysis,summarization,and report preparation commencing
immediately after freeze-up.Field trip reports will be completed
immediately after each sampling trip and will be limited to highlighting
the findings of each sampling trip.Data forms will be reviewed and
submitted to the data processing unit immediately upon completion of each
sampling trip,for entry into the project computer data base.The draft
report will be completed by the 30th of January 1983.
FY 82 Forms:
Five forms were used during the 1981 open water field season (refer to the
AH section of the 1981 Procedures Manual for descriptions and
instructions).A sixth form (AH-82-07)was developed for winter data
collection combinin~and adapting the General Habitat Evaluation (AH-81-01)
and Point Specific Data (AH-81-02)forms for winter use and its description
and instruction are in the data form section (Table 21).
FY 83 Forms (Open Water Season):f
Based on input from AH staff and the project biometrician,Phase I open
water data forms have been revised and three new open water forms have been
developed to accommodate changes in project sampling plans and to expedite
transfer of field data to the computer.The six data forms to be used
during the Phase II open water field season are presented as Figures 13
through 18 and explained as follows:
1.AH-82-01 - Aquatic Habitat Field Data tIIIIIi
New form; to be used by RJ crews for collecting habitat
data.Instructions are included in the RJ section of this
procedures manual addendum.
-143-
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Table 21.List of FY 83 Su Hydro field data forms utilized by AH
sub-projects.
---I I I I I I I I I I I I I I J I J I I I I I I I
:cs:'ear:Flow
ample forms and d scuss on of spec fic data collect on presented n RJ Sect on
ample forms and d scuss on of spec fic data collect on presented n AA Sect on
ample forms and.d scuss on of spec fic data collect on presented n AH Sect on
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S~:-~roject
::'~c:roshocking
..:~e~~h·er
<ish Habitat Utilizatiol
...:e r River
;sh Habitat Utilizatior
-~cundment Study
Resident &Juvenile Anadromous Forms l /
-;-...
-I'"""...'"'""'\D ....co .,..
'?'?"i'o 0 o c 0 o 0 0
• I ...I I •.
'"'"'"'"'"'"..N N N Ncocococococo...co co co co..,..,~~~..,"'..,..,..,..,
CIC CIC CIC ~CIC CIC CIC CIC
X X X X
X X
X X X
Adult Anadromous 2/
Forms
'"""'"0 o 0
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'"'"'"co co co
-~""""""""
X X X
Aquatic Habitat
Forms
......-:
-1"'1 ""l""r~·n </'•
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N C'.I N r-...:-,,;::'-...ec t ee t ec t ee .....=
::c :z::=:::::::::««co::::::
>:I x
X I X IXI X
X IX IX
XI x
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L -144-
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Page_ol_
Collector's Initials _
GC _/L __L_L
SUBSTRATE DATA iG••r PSII
Code Emb.Dominant Not ••,
-..•"---~-_._.-....._-_..,--=.::---=-~
>----...._-!----_.
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-
RM/TRM
Sampling Period
Turbidity Takan 0
SUSITNA HYDRO AQUATIC HABIT AT FIELD OAT A AH-82-0 1
Sub.tra,.Cod.s:Sub.trat.Oeler'pllon
SI 1111 very fine
SA ••nd Iin.1
Comm ..,.,.;
OR grav.1 II."-3"
RU.rUbbl._3"-5"
CO.cObble_to.-'0"
BO boulder greater then '0"
Hydrolab No.
Barometric Pressure _
FD/SFH
Location
Sampling Site Descriptlon _
Date __L_L_
WATER QUALITY DATA
Fii,;Nc.03-82-7.10-3.•7 __
Military Time I
Temp.-Ai,"c ··-Wat.r -c ·pH .
DI,solved O.yoe"
SP'C'Cond.-Me'.r •11 ••-AdJ.··.
~~.~~.-ric.1....c.\:'I:':'<-.\-.~··Turbidity
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L -145-
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page~Of__
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.(~
DISCHARGI_
samp 1i ng Per-iod
GENERAL HABITAT
AH-82-02
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lptto
-'.IV-oJ.'(7)
o lab)@
Comments.re1ated data,notes
HETER NOS.~(~Hy~d~r ~~~___
Sampli nQ Slte D
Habitat Location \~~,/~><R.H.__
File Nunber 03-~"ft'•__~~__
.2Crew"./"""'
..-
f'lilitary TEHP.vC DISSOLVE PEC.CONO.ICE toIATER HEAN VELOCITY SUBSTRATE
DATE Time GPSN ~ater pH OXYGEN TURB.
METER ADJ.HICK.pEPTH ~80.6orHea IFmb.Oom.1Air Nn ...<
(II)(,2)(I~)(I f'j)1(15)(I b)1(17)1(13)I (1'1)1(2.6)I(~')~~l(l~1~3"~3~
~_.-..-
--------._.~.....-_..-----......_.-t--_._--~
+--••._-_..-.._e_o ..........-"_...E2:....1----'._--_....-
----:='--+-=:'_.~-~--=k2:I---
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------[2_.0 _._-~_..__._.---
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------"'-»>_...------...»>
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(AOF&G/Su Hydro.Habitat 7/82
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6 Figure 14. General habitat,AH-82-02.
[-146-
Habitat Location Sampling Site River Hile
file No.
Date _
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[Crew -------------
PLANIMETRIC MAP
AH·81·03
----------~------
Page __of __
Gage'Height _
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Description .-:-
{ADF&G/Su lIydro.lIabt tat 5/Rl)
Figure 15.Planimetric map,AH-81-03.
-147-
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Description
Page __of __
Date._
DISCHARGE
AH-81-04
1 1
File No,_
Crew,_
GC 1 1
Habitat Sampling River Meter
Location Site Mi 1e Type No 0 _
Gage Number Heigh~_
Distance
from MeanHeadPinVe.l.Stream Cbs.Revo-Vel.ocity ips ca:Cez,z,ca:(ft)Angle Depth bed pepth nutions Time Mean Mean Depth ~th (~')Fz.OLJLBRBCoef.(ft.)su«,;,.(sec)Point VerticalCez.z.ire.:(ft.(ft3/ s)
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~(ADF~G/Su ~vdro.Habitat 5/81)
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Figure 16.Discharge,AH-81-04.
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of010 0 ISTAGEDATA-FIELD FORM[
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DATE C(AGli.'jD"MI-'-~GAGE ;#TIME ~NOTES
y.010 day I QJ:JId';,~DEPT""~
..
ADF&G/SU HYDRO (8/82)Fllo No.03-82-7.'0-3.7 1
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Figure 17.Stage data -field form,AH-82-05.
l -149-
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rsal'l~le !~
Depth Veloci ty Substrate Embeddedness ..~
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5/82
8Sample'__
AH-82-ES-Dl
RM:
Aquatic Habitat Data Electroshockiog Form
(7)
\.8)Trib.River Mile __~(...9:.<):...-_
Geographical Code _I _0_1 I _
r.OIlI11cnts
@
File tlo.0
Pag~G)Of
Crew:0-
Date (YY/MM/DD):_8_
Time (military):~
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6 Figure 18. Aquatic habitat data electros~ocking form,AH-82-ES-01.
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f:(ADF&G/Su Hydro.Habitat 12/28/81)
@ S/9(oF-32)=oC
page~Of__
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DISCHARGE
sampIi ng Peri .
AH-82-07
@;(flow)
@
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o~
METER NOS.(Hydrolab)e
Conrnents.related data.notes
Habitat Location,...:\,~~....'.IL____,'"'"":__---------------.®.R.M.__
File Nunber
Sampling Site Description
Crew '---../><
'-""
~ilitary TEMP.vc DISSOLVE ~PEC.CONDo ICE ~ATER MEAN VELOC ITY SUBSTRATE
DATE Time GPSN ~ater pH OXYGEN TURB.METER ADJ.HICK.PEPTH O~80.6orMeaAir -CLASS '%-CLASS It-ClASS
(jl)(dl (13)c 'II G-S-I (f(<>1 (11)1(18)(1")1 1(20)(~I)(2 p)(2;»----------_..-..-_....0-••••••......-
."_._-._..._-..----._._.-._......_..._..•_._._.....-----
._------_.---------.._-_.......------_.----------_..
---_._.~--_.._-_.-.----.."..--.._..----..."------..•._----------------_._._-...-_...-....._-
-----_.._.--
,-----'-------_._..._.._.---
..----.-._-_._......_..._..'----._--.-.---••__• __ -___0-"•-_....-.----.-------_..--
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Figure 19.PHASE I Winter general habitat form,AH-82-07
-151-I
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-'
-152-
2.AH-82-02 -General Habitat
Phase II (Winter Season):
f--.
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==."....~-=_.._-----~-.~-~~.._==-~~
New form;revi si on of AH-82-07 (Wi nter form)for use by
Fisheries Habitat Utilization crews.Substrate section was
changed due to revised evaluation technique.This is
explained in the RJ data form section of this addendum.
Instructions follow in this section.
5.AH-82-05 - Stage Data -Field Form
Replaces AH-81-05.To be used for all stage data collected
by all project personnel.Instructions follow in Appendix
IX.
4.AH-82-04 - Discharge
Same as AH-81-04.Refer to the FY 82 procedures manual for
instructions.
3.AH-82-03 -Planimetric Map
Same as AH-81-03.Refer to the FY 82 procedures manual for
instructions.
6.AH-82-ES-01 - Aquatic Habitat Data Electroshocking Form
New -form;for use by e 1ectroshocki ng crews.Instructi ons
follow in Appendix IX.
The General Habitat form (AH-82-02)will be used for recording FY 83 winter
data.This form.is basically the same as the Phase I winter form,
AH-82-07,(Figure 19)which functioned quite well last season. This form
and all other Phase II AH forms will be subject to revision if proven
unworkable or as a result of changes in sampling procedures.
=,..~·~~=c.=--~--...,..·---------_.-
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Data Transfer
AH Crews:
Field crews are responsible for checking their data for completeness,
accuracy and proper format (as established by AH staff in conjunction with
Data Processing (DP),staff).Miscellaneous data and notes recorded in
field books should be entered on data sheets if they are to be incorporated
into the regular data set.Raw field data (original forms)will then be
transmitted to the appropriate crew leader for review. This will provide
them the opportunity to monitor the development of data trends on a more
t ijne ly basis.
The AH data processing liaison receives the original data after it has been
reviewed by the crew leader.They will check for obvious errors and proper
format,xerox and transmit copy to DP and then file the original.
DP will transmit a computer printout of data to the AH liaison who will in
turn give it to the appropriate crew to check. All corrections to data
files will be made through the AH liaison.
RJ Crews:
Habitat data collected by RJ crews will be given to the RJ data processing
coordinator who will then transmit it to the AH data processing liaison.
Data will then be handled as AH data:reviewed, then transmitted to DP.
computer printouts from DP will be transmitted to the AH data processing
liaison and then to the AH/Fisheries Habitat Utilization Crew Leader and
the RJ data processing coordinator for review and editing.All corrections
are to be coordinated through the AH data processing liaison.
-153-
.....-,--_'::'7::::~.-:-":~-:;
_.~----'--
=-.._-.---.--.-.-_.....,....,....,,-_.-.
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IV.QUALITY CONTROL
A.ADULT ANADROMOUS FISHERIES STUDIES
Field sampling techniques and data recording procedures will be monitored
of each crew weekly by the Adult Anadromous Project Leader or his appointed
designee. This will insure consistency,accuracy and comformance with
standard sampling and data collection and recording methods.
Sampling gear and support equipment will be maintained in good working
order.It will be the responsibility of each crew leader to insure that
preventive maintenance is conducted on all equipment.Minor equipment
breakdowns will be repaired in the field.Major equipment breakdowns
and/or losses will be reported immediately to Anchorage headquarters.
Replacement equipment or parts will be provided at first available
opportunity.
B.RESIDENT AND JUVENILE ANADROMOUS FISHERIES STUDIES
Fishing techniques utilized in the various sampling schemes have been
proven for effectiveness in earlier biological studies (Langler,1956;
Sundstrom,1957;and McClane,1965).Personnel will be instructed to use
proven lures.Natural baits,when'used,will be changed regularly insure
"freshness"and ensure maximum scent transfer to the water.
Gi 11 nets and sei nes wi 11 be kept mended or wi 11 be replaced if badly
damaged in operations.Equipment such as tagging guns,fishing tackle,
firearms,and other tools used in day-to-day operations will be cleaned and
oiled after each use to prevent rust.
Data forms wi 11 be fi 11 ed out ina neat and 1egib1e manner and wi 11 be
subject to periodic review by the project leader or his assistant.
-154-
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C.AQUATIC HABITAT AND INSTREAM FLOW STUDIES
A systematic approach for maintaining desired standards for the measurement
of field parameters has been established for the instruments used in this
study.Thermometers are periodically compared to a National Bureau of
Standards (NBS)standard thermometer for the range of temperatures to be
encountered.If present,variations are noted and correction factors are
calculated and taped onto each thermometer.
Thermographs are calibrated following the above procedures.Timing
mechanisms are also evaluated for accuracy. Operational thermographs are
periodically inspected comparing the temperature and time on the chart with
the known time and temperature data.A mark is made on the chart at that
point.
Hydrolabs will be calibrated and checked after each field trip.Whenever a
question arises concerning the quality data collected,the USGS,EPA,and
manufacturer of the data collection device will be consulted.
Literature is periodically reviewed to insure that state-of-the-art data
collection and analysis techniques are being observed. A hydraulic
engineer will be consulted to evaluate the accuracy of data collection and
analysis techniques.The USFWS is periodically consulted to evaluate the
accuracy of instream flow data collection and analysis techniques.
-The project biometrician is consulted to evaluate the accuracy and
statistical merit for collecting data.
State-of-the-art habitat data collection and analysis courses are attended
when it is determined attendance will improve the quality of the program.
The field data are reviewed periodically by the field biologist responsible
for its collection.A brief narrative is prepared summarizing the habitat
characteristics described by the data set.Any abnormal or intervening
field conditions or sampling problems which might have biased the data set
are also to be discussed in the narrative.
-155-
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-156-
Project Leaders - - - - - - - - - - - - - -Data Folder
Su-Hydro Office - - - - - - - - - - - - - -Data Folder
,
!-..
Working File
Data Processing
Monthly Report
Species/Subject
Report
be forwarded to the
Actua 1 routing wi 11
Data Folder
Data Forms
Figure 1.Data Routing,Phase II,1982.
Field Crews - - - -
Acres American,Inc.
Alaska Power Authority
Alaska Department of Fish &Game
Original File
Field Crew Leaders
D.Data Routing
Raw data from the respective project sections will
Anchorage Su Hydro offi ce for copyi ng and fi 1ing.
follow the path in figure 1.
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-157-
The schedule of planning and reporting events is as follows:
v.SCHEDULE
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ADF&G .Draft Procedures Manual FY 83 Field--
Programs.This is a basic internal ADF&G planning
and field guidance document.
July 15,1982
January 31,1982 ADF&G,Draft Basic Data Report. This is an
interna 1 worki ng document and also provides for
data transmittal to AEIDC and Woodward-Clyde and
others as appropriate.It basically presents what
the data is,how and where it was collected.The
report would include winter 81/82 data and data
for the ice free season from May thru
October 1983.Thi s report does not incl ude .
habitat versus fisheries relationship information
for the winter of 82/83 data or incubation study
data collected through the winter of 82/83.
November 30,1982 AEIDC (Proposed),Internal Working Document,
conceptualizing and visualizing project impacts on
a non-quantitive basis.
July 31,1982 Woodward-Clyde (Proposed) Draft Mitigation
Outline.
Project scheduling is as outlined in Figures 1 and 2.By inspecting the
figures,it becomes evident that the Adult Anadromous Fisheries Project
will conduct it's field program between June 15 and October 17 at the sites
indicated on Figure 1.The Resident and Juvenile Anadromous Fisheries
Project will integrate it's field program with the Aquatic Habitat and
Instream Flow Project along those river reaches indicated in Figure 2.
These projects will operate year round from the estuary to Devil Canyon and
from March 15 through October 15 upstream from Devil Canyon.
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ESTUARY
TO
YENTNA
RIVER
YENTNA
RIVER
TO
TALKEETNA
TALKEETNA
TO
DEVIL
CANYON
Susitna St~tion Sonar (6/15-9/17)
Yentna Sonar (6/15-9/7)
Susitna Survey (7/15-10/1)
Sunshine Sonar !6/15-9/15)
Sunshine Tag/Recapture {6/15-9/15)
Sunshine Survey (7/15-10/7)
Talkeetna Sonar (6/15-91151
Talkeetna Tag/Recaptl/rf (6115-91l5)
Curry Tag/Recapture (6/15-9/15)
Gold Creek Syryey (7/15-10/15)
Radio ~(6/15-10/1)
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15 21 28
JUNE
4 11 l8 25
JULY
8 15 22 29 5
AUGUST
12 19 26
SEPTEMBER
3 10 17 24 31 7 14
OCT08ER NOVEMBER
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-158-
--------------------~.~'~--------_.-.-.,-"-
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ESTUARY
TO
DEVIL CANYON
DEVIL CANYON
TO'
TYONE RIVER
~Surveys of Resident and Juvenile populations (RJ)
I Surveys of Aquatic Habitat and Instream Flow Data Collection (AH)
Impoundment Investigations of
Resident -.
Aquatic Habitat Investigation (AH)
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Figure 2.Activity schedule,1982.Integrated Resident and Juvenile
Anadromous Fisheries and Aquatic habitat and Instream
Flow Project.
-159-
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January 31,1983
March 1,1983
April 1,1983
April 15,1983
May 1,1983
June 1,1983
June 30,1983
June 30,1983
Woodward-Clyde (Proposed), Draft Exhibit E.
ADF&G,FY 84 Draft Plan of Study (POS).
APA-ADF&G,FY 84 RSA and POS Agreement.
Contingent on approval of funding by the
Legislature.
ADF&G,Revised Draft Basic Data Report.
ADF&G,Draft Fisheries and Habitat Relationships
Report.An internal working document which
functions as a data/information transmittal to
AEIDC and other study participants.
ADF&G,FY 84 Procedures Manual.
ADF&G,Final Draft Fisheries and Habitat
Relationship Report. This is a formal document
available for broad dJstribution by the APA to
study participants,agencies and thp.public.
ADF&G,Draft'Basic Data Report. This would cover
winter 82/83 work and include incubation study
data.This is an internal working document and
data transmittal to study participants.
-160-
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VI.PERSONNEL
Mr.Thomas W.Trent will supervise coordination of the Su Hydro Aquatic
Studies.Tom is a 1965 graduate of the University of North Dakota with a
degree in biological and physical sciences.After graduation,he undertook
extensive post-baccalaureate and graduate studies at Oregon State
University in fisheries and water resources.
Tom acquired professional experience in fisheries science and water
pollution biology as a trainee for the Feder Water Quality Administration
and with the Oregon Game Commission Research Division before he joined the
Alaska Department of Fish and Game in 1971.Since joining ADF&G,Tom has
held positions with the Sport Fish Division in the Anchorage area and west
side Susitna River sport fisheries management programs,and with the
Habitat Protection Section dealing with development activities and
environmental impact evaluation.In 1974, the Commissioner of Fish and
Game delegated Tom the responsibility of developing and coordinating the
Department's positions and policies on the proposed Susitna River
hydroelectric project.
Tom resigned from The Department of Fish and Game in early 1975 to accept a
position with the U.S Bureau of Land Management as the State Fisheries
Biologist.He subsequently rejoined the Alaska Department of Fish and Game
in 1976 as supervisor of the Region II Habitat Protection Section.In this
capacity,Tom was responsible for coordination of fish and wildlife
resource planning and policy input to the DNR State Land Disposal program,
management of the Title 16 regulatroy program for Southcentral Alaska,and
coordination of ADF&G Susitna River Hydro Project matters.
Mr.Bruce M.Barrett will supervise the Adult Anadromous Project.Bruce
holds a Bachelor of Science degree in fisheries from the University of
Alaska in Fairbanks and completed on year of graduate study in fisheries
before joining the Alaska Department of Fish and Game in 1972.
-161-
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Bruce has held several key positions with the Department of Fish and Game
involving anadromous fish investigations in Cook Inlet and the Susitna
River system. In 1974 he conducted the first ADF&G anadromous fish study
on the Susitna River between Devil Canyon and the village of Talkeetna.
Mr.Dana Schmidt Ph.D.replaced Mr.Kevin Delaney in April 1982 as Project
Leader for the Resident and Juveni1e Anadromous Fi sheri es Studi es.Dr.
Schmidt holds a doctorate degree in Fisheries from Oregon State University
and from the Uni vers ity of Utah.He has di rected numerous envi ronmenta 1
impact studes in Montana and has past involvement with U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service radio telemetry studies in Alaska.He has worked as a
consultant to the Susitna River fisheries since 1981.
Mr.Christopher Estes will lead the Aquatic Habitat and Instream Flow
studies.Chrsitopher holds a B.A.in Environmental Science from Prescott
College,Prescott,Arizona. Graduate course work at Washington State
University was directed toward instream flow and aquatic habitat evaluation
procedures.
Christopher conducted his first instream flow and a~uatic habitat
evaluation study for the Montana Department of Fish,Wildlife,and Parks in
1975.He joined the ADF&G as a fishery research biologist in 1977 and has
been associated with the Su Hydro feasibil ity studies since that time. In
1979,he initiated the ADF&G Instream Flow Program.During the same year,
he was appointed Co-chairman of the Western Division of the American
Fisheries Society Water Development and Streamflow Committee,a position he
continues to fill.
-162-
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Mr.Allen E.Bingham will supervise the Data Processing Support Unit.
Allen holds a B.S.in Zoology from the Ohio State University,Columbus,
Ohio and received a Master of Science Degree in Fisheries Biology from the
Ohio State University in 1977.
Graduate research and course work continued at the University of Idaho.
Allen1s research at U of I was directed at reduced stream flow effects on
juvenile steelhead trout while course work emphasized Fisheries Biology
with a minor in Applied Statistics.
Allen joined the ADF&G in 1981 as a Biometrician II with the Su Hydro
Aquatic Studies team.
-163-
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-164-
VII.LITERATURE CITED
--""~::--.<:;;~ym~l 1966.(Cited in ADF&G manual on fish tagging.nd.Ak.
tlepartment of Fish and Game.Anchorage,AK.)
i
L
1'-
effects of dams and
Canadian Bulletin of
Baxter,R.M.,and P. Glaude.-1980.Environmental
impoundments in Canada:experience and prospects.
Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences.Bulletin 205.
Bovee,K.D.and R.Milhous.1978.Hydraulic simulation in instream flow
studies:Theory and Techniques. Instream Flow information paper No.5.
Cooperative Instream Flow Service Group.FWS/OBS-78/33.Ft.Collins,CO.
131pp.
ADF&G.1978.Preliminary environmental assessment of hydroelectric
development on the Susitna River: Prepared for the U.S.Fish and Wildlife
Service by the.Alaska Department of Fish and Game.Anchorage,AK.51pp.
Baldridge,J.1981.Appendix 3;Development of habitat suitability
criteria,In:An assenssment of environmental effects of construction and
operation of the proposed Terror Lake Hydroelectric Facility,Kodiak,
Alaska. Instream Flow Studies Final Report.Arctic Environment
Information Data Center.Anchorage,AK.pp. 391-94.
AEIDC.1980.An assessment of environmental effects of construction and
operation of the proposed Terror Lake Hydroelectric Facility,Kodiak,
Alaska. Instream Flow Studies:'Arctic Environment Information Data
Center.Anchorage,AK.197pp.
~E~;mouS)1981.An assessment of environmental effects of construction~.
(--operation of the proposed Terror Lake Hydroelectric Facility,Kodiak,
Alaska. Instream Flow Studies Final Report:Arctic Environment
Inforamtion Data Center.Anchorage,AK.419pp.
[
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[
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R.i.b
C
C
~~._._,.---~---
CDC.1980c.Sort/Merge versions 4 and 1 reference manual.Control Data
Corporation,.Sunnyvale,California.
Byrom Software.1980.Byrom software terminal monitor system operator's
manual.Byrom Software, Vernal, Utah.
CDC.1980a.COBOL version 4 reference manual.Control Data Corporation,
Sunnyvale,California
•...-.
~-.'.:,
;.:
!,
Control Data
-165-
Discussion of R&M Consultants substrate data
(Personal Communication.)R&M Consultants.
FORTRAN versi on 5 reference manual.1980b.CDC.
Corporation,Sunnyvale,California.
Dixon,W.J.and M.B.Brown.1979.Biomedical computer programs P-series.
University of California Press,Berkeley,California.
Digital Research.1980.PL/I-80 language manual.Digital Research,
Pacific Grove,California.
\
Buchanan,LJ.and W.P.Somers.1973.Discharge measurements at gaging
stations.Techniques of Water Resources Investigations of the United
States Geological Survey.Arlington,VA.Book 3, Chapter A8.65pp.
Fulton,LW.1983.(Cited in ADF&G Manual on Fish Tagging.nd ,Ak.
Dept.of Fish and Game,Anchorage,AK.)
Griffith,L.1981.
collection techniques.
Anchorage,Ak.
Estes.C.,K.Hepler,and A.Hoffmann.1981.Willow and Deception Creeks
Instream Flow Demonstration Study.ADF&G.Habitat Protection Section and
Sport Fish Division.Anchorage,AK.78pp.
[
[
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[
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-166-
MicroPro.1980b.Super-sort 1.5 operator1s handbook and programmers
guide.MicroPro International,San Rafael,California.
Mauney,J.L.1965.Astudy of the channel catfish,(Ictalurus punctatus),
in the Crowan River system.Raleigh,NC.;NC.State Univ.Thesis.87pp.
....,-
and
Ed.
for coarse
Conference,
Wm.C.Brown Co.
MicroPro International
2nd ed.
2nd ed.Chas.E.Merrill Pub.
1973.Ecological impacts of water storage
Environmental quality and water development.
W.H.Freeman Co.San Francisco,CA.
Envircnmental Geology.
548pp.
1959.Freswater Fishery Biology.
421pp.
Hagen,R.M.et.al.
diversion projects.
Goldman,C.R.et.al.
McClane,A.J~(ed.)1965.McClanes'Standard Fishing Encyclopedia and
International Angling Guide.Holt,Rinehart and Winston,Inc.New York,
NY.1057pp.
MicroPro.1980a.DataStar user1s guide.
Corporation,San Rafael,California.
Hocutt, C.H., J.R.Stauffer,J.E.Edinger,L.W.Hall,and R.P.Morgan.
1980.Powerplants -effects on fish and shellfish behavior.Academic
Press.New York,New York.
Keller,L-A,-198D.
Co.Columbus,OH.
Parsons,M.1980.Stream Assessment Procedures and Guidelines.Suislaw
National Forrest U.S.Forest Service,U.S.D.G.Pacific Northwest Region.
Portland,OR.17p.
Kellerhals,R.and D.I. Bray.1970.Sampling procedures
fluvial sediments.ASCE Hydraulics Division.Specialty
University of Minnesota,Minneapolis,MN.August 19-21,1970.
-Lagler,K.F.
Dubuque,IA.
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--_._-...........,.-._.-.........----~
-167-
SRX Systems 1981.CATALOG.SRX Systems,San Jose,California.
(Cited in ADF&G Manual on Fish Tagging.nd.AK.
Anchorage,AK.).
M.A.and W.K.Seine 1979.A stream system evaluation.An
on spawning habitat for salmonids.US Environmental Protection
Corvalis,OR,EPA-600/3-79-109/39pp.
Petersen,CGJ.1894.
Dept. of Fish and Game.
Richardson, E.V.,et.ale 1975.Highways in the river environment;
hydraulic and environmental design considerations.U.S.Dept. of
Transportation.Wash.,D.C.np.
Rounsefell,G.A.1963.Marking fish and invertebrates.Fishery Leaflet
549.U.S.Dept. of Interior.Wash.,D.C.12pp.
Shirazi,
emphasis
Agency.
SIR.1979.Scientific information retrieval user's manual.SIR
Incorporated,Evanston,Illinois.
SPSS.1970.Statistical package for the social sciences.McGraw-Hill,
New York.
Smoot,G.F.and C.E.Novak.1977.Calibration and maintenance of
vertical-axis type current meters. Techniques of Water Resources
Investigations of the United States Geological Survey.Book 8. Chapter
B2.Instrumentation;Arlington,VA.15pp.
Stalnaker,C.B.and J.L.Arnette (eds).1976.Methodo16gies for the
determination of stream resource flow requirements:an assessment.
USFWS/OBS,and Utah State University,Logan,UTe 199pp.
Sundstrom,G.T.1957.Commercial fishing vessels and gear.U.S.Fish and
Wildlife Service.Cir.48.48pp.
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USFS.1981.ASGS/ADF&G -Su Hydro 1981 Cooperative agreement.USGS.
Anchorage,AK.np.
Vector Graphic.1979b.CP/M user's guide for CP/M 1.4 owners.Vector
Graphic Incorporated,Thousand Oaks,California.
Vector Graphic. 1979a.An introduction to CP/M fratures and facilities.
Vector Graphic Incorporated,Thousand Oaks,California.
Alaska Dept.of
-168-l
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c=~-=:-==-,-----.",....--""",~""""-~""""'~-=~--.=.=~..~.__-.__=_-,-__t-
1981.SCOPE-screen oriented program editor for CP/M,
Vector Graphic Incorporated,Thousand Oaks,California.
Vector Graphic.
reference manual.
USFWS.1976.Southcentral rail belt area -Susitna River basin.Fish and
Wildlife studies related to the U.S.Army Corp.of Engineers Devil
Canyon-Watana hydroelectric project.USGWS/ADF&G.Anchorage,AK.15pp.
Ward,J.V.and J.A.Stanford.1979.The ecology of regulated streams.
Plenum Press.New York,New York.
William?F.T.1976~Upper Susitna River Investigations.
Fish and Game.Anchorage,AK.np.Unpublished.
Trihey,W.E.and D.L.Wegner.1981.Field data collection procedures for
use with the physical habitat simulation system of the Instream Flow Group.
USFWS,Cooperative Instream Flow Service Group.Ft.Collins,CO.151pp.
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ADDENDUM TO APPENDIX V-ELECTROSHOCKIN&INSTRUCTIONS
Electric current will be applied to the water through either single and
dual anode system, with the cathode comprising the boat surface in contact
with the water.When a single anode is used, a single dip netting pole
will be used both as the anode and as a dip net.The single anode design
wi 11 be util ized when probing in deep pool sand confinged areas and in
searching for specific species.Under situations when a dual anode system
will be tuilized,each anode will be suspended into the water using a
standard electrofishing boom design.A standard dip net will be used to
capture stunned fish.
A 20 ft.by 4t flat bottom aluminum river boat powered by a 75 hp outboard
jet and 15 hp outboard prop kicker will be modified for electrofishing
operations on the lower river.The power source for theelectrofishing
apparatus (and possible supplemental lighting equipment for night shocking)
will be a four cycle,3.5 kilowatt,120/240 volt,60 HZ A.C.Homlite
Voltamatic genator.Voltage and amperage regulation from the power source
to the water will be through a Coffelt Variable Voltage Pulsator model
VVP-15 and two Coffelt models VVP-3E.Both models are designed to supply
.A.C.,D.C., or pulse output voltages.The output voltages from the VVP-15
can be varied continuously from 0 to 600 volts for all outputs (A.C., D.C.,
or pulse output voltages.The output voltages from the VVP-15 can be
varied continuously from 0 to 600 volts for all outputs (A.C., D.C., Pulsed
D.C.and 0 referenced A.C.Pulsed),for the VVP-3E the output voltages can
be varied from 0 to 300 volts for all outputs (A.C.,D.C.and Pulsed D.C.,
and Pulsed A.C.).The VVP-15 incorporates a 20 to 80 percent adjustable DC
pulse width. For further specifications,refer to the Appendix V.The
proper current type,voltage,amperage and electrod arrangement for
effi cient capture of fi sh wi 11 vary for di fferent species of fi sh and
according to water quality parameters such as water temperature,
conductivity,depth and turbidity.
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hazards associated
be designed into
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Due to the high voltages and potential
electrofishing,several safety features will
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electrofishing boat.Each boat will be fitted with'36-40"high
non-conductive coated railing enclosing a non-skid platform.Electrical
units will be placed in covered boxes designed to prevent water from
entering the unit and thereby preventing shour-curcuting.In addition,a
safety ci rcui t i ncorporati ng foot feda 1s and falloff switches wi 11 be
included in the circuitry.All individuals working on the electrofish boat
will wear hip boots,life preserver and rubber gloves and be trained in
C.P.R.and basis first aid techniques.
Operational Procedures
1.The power .source for electrofishing will be supplied by a 3.5
kilowatt Homelite Voltmatic generator.The four-cycle engine
uses_regular unmixed gasoline.The crank case reservoir oil (30
wt.automotive)must be checked daily and should be changed after
the initial 10 hour break-in period and every 25 hours
thereafter.
2. For optimum electrofising success,a Coffelt electroshocker
(model VVP-15)will be used to regulate the output amperage,
voltage,frequency and current type.A basic knowledge of
electrical terms and uses as they relate to electrofishing will
resul tin better understandi ng of the effects that occur with
adjustment of the power output.The basic unit of electric
charge is the coulomb and the rate at which this charge moves
through a circuit is the amperage.The volt or potential
difference generates the energy (joules)needed to move an
electric charge through the circuit.The amount of voltage
required to move X amount of current through a circuit will vary
with water temperature,water-conductivity,and the circuit
resistance.The current types available as output are
alternating current (A.C.),direct current (D.C.)and pulsed A.C.
and D.C. The literature suggests that pulsed D.C. has the best
effective capture range with the least amount of physiological
harm to the fish.Fish that enter a D.C.field exhibit forced
swimming towards the anode electrode.
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3) A 20 foot riverboat with a 90 hp outboard will be used to
electrofish.Anon-conductive safety railing will be attached to
the bow of the boat.Two electrode systems will be available and
selection will be predicated by the type of habitat being
studied.
A.Mobile electrode system (MES)-The MES utilizes the boat as
a cathode and a dipnet as the anode. This electrode ,ystem
will be used in shallow water or in areas of restricted
maneuverability.'The disadvantage of the MES is the
relatively small area effectively shocked.
B.The stationary electrode system (SES)-The SES will have
two retractable booms which will allow the anode to be
extended 10 feet in front of the bow.The boat itself or
brai ded steel wi re trail i ng from the stern wi 11 be the
cathode.The SES should be used in deeper waters and,areas
of unrestri cted maneuverabi 1 i ty.The advantage wi 11 be an
increase in area that is effectively shocked.
Safety Precautions
These procedures must be adhered to for the safety of all operators of this
equipment.
1.A minimum of two persons is required to safely and efficiently
conduct electrofishing,provided the control box can be easily
monitored by the boat operator.For two man operations,the boat
operator should be capable of adjusting voltage and amperage,
activating the power switches on the control box,and shuting..
down the generator without having to leave his station as
outboard operator.
Should these conditions not be met,~hen a minimum crew would be
three.One person should monitor the control box at all times ..
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2. All personnel should be thoroughly familiar with the equipment
and its operation.Personnel should be briefed as to emergency
procedures should the situation arise.
3. All equipment, connections and wiring should be checked before
each day·s operation.Particular attention should be payed to
the platform railing and safety foot switch.The railing should
be strong and secure enough to support a man I s wei ght.The
safety switch must be free of rust and corrosion.The metal
railing should be insulated with foam pipe insulation or plastic
electrical tape.Wiring should be left exposed to facilitate
inspection of the insulation.
4.Only dip nets with fully insulated handles will -be used.
5. Personnel will wear only hip boots or chest waders that are com-
pletely leak proof.The platform surface should be of a non-skid
type.Rubber gloves are to be worn as an added safety measure.
6. All personnel will wear life jackets or other adequate floatation
devices.
7.Never start the generator until all connections for the
particular mode of operation are complete.While traveling
between points of operation,the electrodes should be
disconnected from the electrical source if the generator is to be
left running,i.e.,for night operations.
8.Never change the position of the boom or handle the electrodes
unless the leads are disconnected and all switches on the control
box are in the "off"position.
9.When disconnecti ons are made or 1ines 1eft disconnected,all
switches on the control box should remain in the "off"position
to preclude any load on the wiring.
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10. All personnel should be familiar with first aid treatment for
shock victims and be trained in artificial respiration.At least
one member of the crew should have completed a recognized first
aid course.
11.The equipment shall not be operated in such a manner so as to
endanger the public.The current shall be turned off anytime the
public is in the immediate proximity of the aparatus,be it on
shore,in the water,or in a boat.
In an emergency,the electrical current into the water may be broken
in three ways:
1.By releasing the foot pedal switch which is located on the
platform and controlled by the dip net operator.
2.By turning off all switches on the control box.One man must be
operating the control box at all times.
3.By actuating the grounding switch effectively killing the
generator.If possible,switches should be located both on the
dipping platform and near the motor operator and wired so that
activation of either switch will kill the generator.
Should anyone fall overboard or receive an electrical shock, the unit will
be immediately shut off.Rescue the victim from the water or free him from
the electrical circuit as quickly as possible.Quick action will increase
the chance of resuscitation.Do not endanger yourself attempting to rescue
someone with the power on.
If the victim is not breathing,begin artificial resuscitation at once.
Mouth-to-mouth is recommended.Continue resuscitation until you are
certain breathing is restored.Frequently,after a temporary recovery, a
victim will stop breathing again.If natural breathing stops,resume
artificial resuscitation at once.
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Physical shock is a serious complication that is likely to occur after
electrical shock.Shock can interfere with the normal action of the heart,
respiration and circulation,so every precaution should be taken to prevent
this condition from further weakening the victim.The victim should be
lying flat and it is most important that he be kept as warm as possible,
even during artificial resuscitation.
The following procedure is recommended in cases where it appears the
victim's heart has stopped:
1. Place the"victim on his back.
2.Position yourself on your knees beside his chest.
3.Find the lower end of his breast bone.
4. Place the heel of your ~a~d one inch above that end.
5. Place your other hand on top of the first hand.
6. Press down firmly with about sixty (60)pounds of weight.
7.Repeat every second until heart starts.
8.If necessary,apply mouth-to-mouth resuscitation as follows:one
resuscitator -15 compressions,two breaths or two resuscitators
one breath every fifth compression.
Admittedly~the above first aid procedures are brief,but due to lack of
more competent means to deal with electrical accidents,this should serve
as a guide for emergency treatment until the patient can be taken to
medical facilities.
NOTE:A COpy OF THIS PROCEDURE MUST BE ON BOARD THE SHOCKING BOAT AT
ALL TIMES!!!!!
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APPENDIX IX -FY-83 DATA CODING AND INSTRUCTIONS
1982 Addendum To The ADF&G Su Hydro
Phase I Procedures Manual
..".~===~.-...-.~~-.._~~------
t.
ADULT ANADROMOUS FISHERIES STUDIES
5.If no scales are present in this area,discard the fish.
Fish Sampling Procedures:
Age and Length Sampling Operations - All stations
from the scale by
The scale should
-1-
Clean all slime,grit,skin and silver pigment
moistening and rubbing it between the fingers.
be completely clean and transparent.
2. A scale should only be taken from the left side of the fish (see
Figure 1).
1.Check species of each intended sample (see Pacific Fishes of
Canada,Fisheries Research Board of Canada,Bulletin 180,Ottawa
1973).
The following sampling procedures will be used to collect age and
length data from fishwheel interceptions at Susitna,Yentna, Sunshine,
Talkeetna and Curry Stations.These procedures will be followed for
sockeye salmon stock separation sampl ing except that two (2)scales
will be collected from the "prefe~red area"instead of only (1)scale.
4.If the preferred scale is missing take a scale,again on the left
side of the fish,within the area behind the dorsal fin but
forward of the ventral fin,and no more than four rows above the
1atera 1 1 ine.
3.The "preferred scale"is located two (2)rows above lateral line
on the diagonal from the posterior insertion of the dorsal fin to
the anterior insertion of the anal fin.
7.
6.If the scale is stuck or dried,moisten and pull toward the head
of the fish gently rather than straight back.
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8.Mount on gum card after moistening ..Scales are mounted on the
gum card number which corresponds to Age Weight Length (AWL)form
number containing the length,weight and sex information for that
fish.Place it directly over the number on the gum card with the
anteri or edge faci ng the bottom of the card (Figure 1).The
ridged side of the scale must be facing upward or no impression
will be made in the acetate card.This is the same side that is
exposed on the salmon.
9.Cover completed gum cards with wax paper after drying,if
possible.
10.Length measurements should be taken from mid-eye to fork of tail
and recorded to nearest five millimeters on all adult salmon
except chinook salmon for which lengths are to be recorded to the
nearest 10 millimeters.
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""'OVE
LAT!:lU,,"'L~NE:
AHA!.f'XN
OC~5AL FIN
If the p'referred scale is :aissing
take a SCale ~n an the leftMu~~~~~:bJ:~~Mi'tnlinetln~~e~l~~~f~~sal
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Place an l'in colum £of
IHL fom U the prefenea scalevasnotNIlpled.(~R5::~~
~~~~~~~~~i~~',~-----Lateral LtDe
Take the ~ferred scale en the~e·~rM~afltrne~~theaiac;anaJ.fV'"behina the bAse ofthe...u bn.
LEFT SIDE[
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Do not turn scales over vhen
transferirq fr...fisb to g....C&CeS.
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Place scales Clre<:tly over number an r;~
guo careS.,1-
iO ij i 7 8 1\•:I a 1
:0 111 18 17 18 1.5 U 13 1%11
50 2ll 28 Z1 :!ll :!.S :u ft'2:l l!l
40 J9 38 37 :18 :IS 3i :I:l J2 31
[Figure 1.Scale sampling procedures for one scale per fish.
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1.General Guidelines
A.Numbering
pertinent
card,in
-4-
Information Explanation
c.On location before mounting scales,all
information should be completed on that
pencil.
2.
b. Prior to samp 1i ng , cards may be fi 11 ed out with
species,date,gear,locale,and collector's name.
They may al so be numbered when the total cards for a
given area are known for that date.These must be
carefully checked when scales are to be fixed to assure
correct information.
a.Note which number to begin with,for each sample
location,for the date in question.
B.Gum Cards (see Figures 2A and 2B).
Labeling Procedures:
Numberi ng begins wi th 001 for each species at each escapement samp 1 i ng
location for the 1982 season.Each card,AWL and acetate for specific
group is consecuti vely numbered throughout the season.It is a
responsibility of collectors to check the numbers being used each sampling
day to maintain correct sequence and omit duplication.
The functions of proper labeling is to produce a set of sample data which
includes a gum card,an acetate impression and an AWL Form (Figures 2A and
2B).These have corresponding location,date,species,gear code and
subsample number.None ever has more than a single location,species,gear
code or subsample number.
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Figure 2A.Labeling of gum cards and AWL forms when sampling one scale per
salmons.
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~T),I Column ~Digits~s l ---
r 'f s:,•A Ager error eode 1
.'1 ~,B Tescfish drifc number 3,.C Tescfish scacion number 3 irr?I<'-..,D Undefined 1
;-~'f E Preferred seale not caken 1 !<'11 +F Ager inicials 3
C Tag number 5 I
H Undefined 1 _I
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f'SAMPLING INFORMATION
,
HOU RS FI SHED _
f10ntn Day
Remarks (Wcather - Water conditions)etc.
CATCH DATE __~~..-_
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Note:District,Subdistrict,River (stream)and sampling location codes will be provided
separately.
1)If the same code is to be used throughout a column,entcr the code for the first
fish.then draw an arrow vertically through the column.
Length-weight measurement. This form is designed for:a) length measured to the
nearest millimeter or tenth of an inch.b) weight measured to the nearest ten grams
(i.e.decagram or thousandth of a kilogram) or tenth of a pound.
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5 -~lissinq
6 - Reabsorbed
8 - Fish Wheel
9 - Pots
11 - Herring Purse Seine
12 -Handp tcked
13 - Dip Net
17 -Beam Trawl
18 - Shovels
19 - Weir
20 -
5 - 8eluga
6 -Lamprey
7 - Other
3 - Regenerate
4 -Illegible
CODING
GEAR
o -Trap
1 - Purse Seine
2 -Beach Scine
3 -Drift Gillnet
4 -Set Gillnet
5 -Troll
6 -Long Line - Skates
7 -Otter Trawl
AGING DATA
1 -Otollth Sample
2 -Inverted
TYPE OF MEASUREMENT BLANK COLUMNS
1 - Snout to Fork of Tail A -F -
2 -Mid-e~~to Fork of Tail B - G -
3 -Orbit to Fork of Tail C - H -
4 -Mid-e~l to Hypural Plate 0 -I -
5 -Orbit to Hypural Plate E -
11 Orbit refers to posterior edge of eye socket.
INJURY
1 - Inshore Net
2 -High Seas Net
3 - Canine-Tooth Predator
4 - Shark
2)
REI-IARKS
SPECIES
41 -King
42 - Red,Sockeye
43 -COho,Silver
44 - Pink
45 -Chum
51 - Smelt
52 -Arctic Char
53 - Dolly Varden
54 -Steel head
55 -Lake Trout
56 - Northern Pike
57 -Sheelfish
58 -Whitefish
59 -
PROJECT
1 -Commercial Catch
2 -Subsistence Catch
3 -Escapement (tower,weir,etc.)
4 -Escapement (spawning grounds)
5 - Test Fishing
6 -
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Figure 28.Gum card coding.
Hl ank Columns.These columns aloe for use as needed,It is anticipated that these
uses will vary f ron area to area , but mi qht include wri tten remarkv ,tag data.
c i rcul i counts.etc.
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When record inq length-weight
columns. For examp le, a 4.7
not thc 1st and 2nd columns.
than tenth of inches.a zero
data,be sure to enter the digits in their proper
lb.fish should be recorded in the 2nd and 3rd columns,
If for some reason lcngth is measurcd to inches rather
should be entered in the third column .•
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a. Species: (0. nerka or Reds)Scientific or common
name of sample.
b.Card No.:Consecutive for this area and species (see
A.Numberi ng).
c.Locality:Name of beach,river or area and may include
cannery or site name.Use the COOK INLET SAMPLE
LOCATION CODES.(Table 19)
d.Scow/Gea r:Gear number code is 1 i sted on reverse of
AWL for appropriate type used.
e. Sampling,date:month/day/year that the scales were
taken.Omit if the same as period date.
f.Period date:month/day/year fish actually caught.
g.Collector:Last name(s)of person(s)collecting scales
and data.
h.Remarks:Include anything unusual about weather,the
sample or anything else considered pertinent by
co11 ectors.
C.Age Weight Length (AWL)Form (see Figures 3A and 38)
1.General Guidelines
a. Information on the back of the gum card should be the
same as.that on the corresponding AWL Form.
b.Each finished scale card should be attached to the
corresponding AWL form with a paper clip.
c.Always use No.2 or softer pencil.
-7-
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Table 19.Anadromous Adult Investigations -Susitna Hydro
Statistical Codes and Code Samples.
247 41 100 100 Susitna Station
247 41 100 101 Yentna Station
247 41 100 102 Sunshine Station
247 41 100 103 Talkeetna Station
247 41 100 104 Curry Station
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LOCATION NAMELOCATIONCODE
At the top of each AWL form, the sample name
out.The log number will be filled out in
RIVER
Heading:
is written
Anchorage.
b.District,sub-district and river:See Table 19 for
proper codes.
d.When filling in length data,place the decimal point in
the same column consistantly.
e. Put zeros in columns where data not taken -do not
leave columns blank.
a.
c.Sampling location:See Table 19.
d.Project:Code from reverse side of AWL form.
e.Note first date only.
f.Period:Not necessary to fill out.
SUBDISTRICT
2.Information Explanation (See Table 19).
DISTRICT
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g. Gear:Code for type used to catch the fish.Obtained
from the reverse side of the AWL form.
h.Mesh size:Remains blank.
i.Sample number:Sequential number which matches an
appropriate gum card (see A.Numbering).
j.Spec.:Code for each species (see reverse of AWL
form).
k, Sex:Check male or female appropriately.Use 1 for
male,2 for female.
1.Length:Recorded in mi 11 imeters from mi d-eye to fork
of tail.
m.Weight:Recorded to nearest one-tenth kilogram.
n.Age class:Completed by biologists after viewing scale
impressions.
o.Column A and I:Used by Stock Identification -do not
use.
p.Column B:River bank designation.
q.Column C:Injury code (see reverse of AWL form.
Figure 3B).
r.Columns D-H:Remarks.
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RESIDENT AND JUVENILE ANADROMOUS FISHERIES STUDIES
Data codes to be presented in filling out the above forms are presented in
Figure 3.
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TITLE
Electroshocking Data Record for Spawning Fish
Electroshocking Catch Form
Adult Anadromous and Resident Spawning Site Map
Susitna Hydro Proposed Impoundment Hook &Line
Catch Data
Susitna Hydro Proposed Impoundment Other Gear
Catch Data
Susitna Hydro Downstream Migrant Trap Catch Data
Susitna Hydro Downstream Migrant Biological Data
Susitna Hydro Standard Gear Catch Data
Susitna Hydro Biological Data
Susitna Hydro Tag Deployment Data
Susitna Hydro Tag Recapture Data
Susitna Hydro Opportunistic Gear Catch Data
Susitna Hydro Opportunistic Gear Catch Data
Susitna Hydro Aquatic Habitat Field Data
Stage Data Field Form
Aquatic Habitat Data Electroshocking Form
RJ 82-07
RJ 82-01
RJ 82-02
RJ 82-03
RJ 82-04
RJ 82-05
RJ 82-05
(alternate)
RJ 82-06
FORM No.
AA-82-02 1/
AA-82-03 1/
AA-82-05 1/
RJ 82-08
RJ 82-09
AH 82.;.01
AH 82-05 1/
AH 82-ES-Ol 1/
Use of these forms will be discussed in the AA &AH sections of the
procedure manual respectively.
FY-83 Field Data Forms:
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Standard Gear Form -Page 1 of ~
and -Page ~of ~
Page 1 of l
Bi o.Form -Page ~of l ! .
and -Page l of l
Form Headings:
Many of the headings on the RJ data forms are similar and the following
comments refer to these heading in general.
FD/SFH FD =Fish Distribution
Location SFH =Selected Fish Habitat
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Standard Gear Form -Page 1 of 1
Bio.Form -Page 1 of 1
-11-.
Circle FD or SFH depending on what type
of location is being sampled and write
the locations name in the space
Example (1) -If you fished Indian River for one 3 hr.
sampling period with 15 minnow traps and
you caught 20 chinook salmon age 0+.
You would use the following page
numbers.
Example (2) -If you fished Indian River for one 3 hr.
sampling period with 30 minnow traps and
you caught 41 chinook salmon age 0+.
You would use the following page
numbers.
Page of ___
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STA~DARD GEAR CODES BAIT CODE
SI)IiYORO DATA CODES.1982
RESIDENT SPECIES CODES
TAG CODES
00 Floy Tag
- - - - (000000 to 009999 series)
01 Floy Ta9
- - - - (010000 to 019999 series)
0004 Flov Tao
--- (0004000 series with 7
digits-ISO tags deployed
in impoundment during 1981
season)
Cd Dangler Tag
- - - - (:100 to 3000 series)
JUVENILE ANADROMOUS CODES
410 Chinook 0+430 Coho 0+
411 Chinook 1+431 Coho 1+
412 Chinook juvenile 432 Coho 2+
415 Chinook smolt 0+433 Coho juvenilE'
416 Chinook smolt 1+
435 Coho smo lt 0+
417 Chinook smolt 436 Coho smolt 1+
437 Coho smo lt 2+
420 Sockeye 0+
438 Coho smolt
421 Sockeye 1+
422 Sockeye juvenile 440 Pink 0+
425 Sockeye smolt 0+
426 Sockeye smolt 1+
450 Chum 0+
427 Sockeye Smolt
ADULT ANADROMOUS CODES
041 Chinook 511 Smelt. Eulachon
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042 Sockeye 585 Bering Cisco r043Coho600Pacificlamprey
044 Pink 601 Arrt ic lamprey
045 Chum r~..
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5 rri nnow trap
Sa fish trap
10 trctline
OPPORTUNISTIC GEAR CODES
1 set gilleet
la drift aillnet
2 electroshoc~
3 beach seine
Shook &1ine
G other (specify)
1 artificial
2 fish
3 egg
4 other
S bacon
FATE CODES
o mortal ity
1 released
2 tagged
3 tagged -hooked in mouth
4 tagged - swallowed hook
S escaped
6 preserved
RECAPTURE CODES
1 Su Hydro staff
2 ADF&G (other)
3 Sport Fishermeo
(specify name.
address.and
phone no. in
corrments)
162 Slimy sculpin
500 Northern pike
530 Dollv Varden
541 Rainbow trout
550 Lake trout
582 Humpback whitefish
586 Round whitefi~h
590 Burbot
610 Arctic grayling
640 Longnose sucker
660 Threespine sticklehack
661 Ninespine sticklchack
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Figure 3.RJ Data Form Coding,FY-83.
-12-L
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RM/TRM
GC
Date:Gear Set
Gear Pulled
provided.Be sure to record the name of
the 1ocati on exactly the same way each
time you return.
RM =River Mile
TRM =Tributary River Mile
Circle RM or TRM,depending on which is
relevant and record the mil~age to the
nearest tenth of a mile.
GC =Geographic Code
File in: meridian -(i.e.)S or F
(Seward/Fairbanks)
township -(i.e.)32N
range -(i.e.)OlE
section -(i.e.)04
grid -(i.e.)BAB
~06 /~
year month day
Note - the computer requires you to
enter a 2-digit number for the year,
month,and day as shown above.
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The first letter of each samplers
first and last name is sufficient.
Use this space for line item comments.
If more then one line is needed to
complete the remark, precede it with a
sub-heading indicating which piece of
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Collectors Initials
Remarks
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-13-
"---'·C·.----'~~-'-----,=-...-----=-----_..-....:-;;:..-~--~-
SUSITNA HYDRO STANDARD GEAR CATCH DATA RJ 82-01
Designed for recording fishing times and catch by species for 15 minnow
traps,1 fish trap,and 3 trotlines.
-14-
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Sport fishermen questioned at
this location indicated that
during the current period of
low water,rainbow trout
catches have diminished.
5/3-2 Observed a school of 20
sockeye 0+swimming in the
shallows near this trap.
Approximate lengths 20 mm.
The blank space at the bottom of each
sampling form is intended for whole page
comments.
(i.e.)
(i.e.)
is designed to accommodate a 3 digit location
indicate a hydraulic zone or sub-sampling area
Initially zones were determined based on the
gear and/or losation the remark pertains
to.
HYDRAULIC DESCRIPTION
Notes:this code will not be used at mainstem--
sites.
Free flowing reach of tributary,slough, or side
channel,not influenced by back water or eddies.
),
1
Comments
The PSN space on this form
code.The first digit will
within a sampling location.
following criteria:
ZONE CODES
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-15-
Bait Code -since bacon was established as a standard bait,it now has
its own code no. -(5).
Time set,time pulled,and total time will be recorded in hours and
mi nutes,and recorded as mil itary time (0000 to 2400 hours).
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Notes:if a mainstem,tributary,or slough site
does not have any slack water zone, then
this code will not be used.
Represents the zone where the tributary or slough
mouth water mixes with the mainstem.At mainstem
sites it wi 11 represent areas wi th a si gnifi cant
surface current.
At tributary and slough mouths this code ~ill
represent backwater areas created by the mainstem.
In mainstem sites,this zone will represent slack
water areas with no appreciable velocity.
3
2
With regards to the data codes needed to complete the reminder of this
form,refer to the Su Hydro Data Code sheet and note the following
additions:
To insure proper coding, a description of each zone should be provided in
the field notes along with the zone code number that was assigned.A
notation in the remarks column concerning the zone number on the data form
(I.E.upper/slough - with current)should also be provided for proper cross
checking of code numbers.Currently the zone codes and their corresponding
hydraulic description are being revised.A listing of the new zone codes
will be included in the updated version of this text.The last 2-digits in
the PSN space represent the gear number (i.e.01-99).Each piece of gear
will reflect a replicate of each hydraulic zone but in all cases will be
recorded individually.
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-16-
Sex -male or female,check one if the data is available.
Age - recorded in the office.
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All juvenile chinook are assigned the code (412)
and all chinook smolts should be coded as (417).
(i.e.)
PSN - 3 digit location code,refer to earlier discussion.
The code list for juvenile anadromous fishes has been
expanded to differentiate juveniles from smolts.Henceforth
the age classes of all juvenile salmon and smolts will be
determined after the field season utilizing the computer.
Consequently,field personnel will only have to assign a
juvenile or smolt code to each juvenile anadromous species
that is captured.
Length -measure all lengths to the nearest millimeters.Record
fork lengths or total lengths for the species being sampled
as prescribed in the 1981 procedures manual.
Gear Code -See Su Hydro Data Code Sheet
Species Codes -refer to the Su Hydro Data Code sheet
SUSITNA HYDRO BIOLOGICAL DATA RJ 82-02
Species Code -Note that the code changes from last year on slimy sculpin
(162),longnose suckers (640),and Bering cisco (585).
Scale Card No.- use pre-numbered cards (0001 - 9999).These cards
are designed primarily to reference scales and otoliths
for aging,however they can also be dropped in specimen
bottles and used to identify preserved specimens.
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Mesh Size -stretched mesh measurement,recorded to the nearest
hundredth of an inch.
Tag Number -refer to the Su Hydro Data Code Sheet.Always record the
full 6-digit code and be sure not to leave out any of the
zeroes.Floy tags have 00 or 01 prefix and dangler tags
are indicated by Od prefix followed by a 4-digit code.
Fate Code - see SuHydro Data Code sheet.
SUSITNA HYDRO TAG DEPLOYMENT DATA RJ 82-03
Tag Number
Gear Code
Date same procedure as indicated previously
Species Code
Length
Sampling Location -reference all sampling sites to known geographic
locations (i.e.)tributary mouths,sloughs,
bridges,towns,fish distribution locations,etc.
(i.e.)Selected Fish Habitat - 0.5 miles below the
Parks Highway bridge.
Mainstem or Tributary - check one.Columns added to aid data processors
in determining whether the river mile recorded
refers to a mainstem or tributary site.
River Mile -same as procedure discussed previously.
SUSITNA HYDRO TAG RECAPTURE DATA RJ 82-04
Tag Number -Note that this form allows for the recovery of
tags with a 7-digit code. This is to allow for
-17-
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-18-
SUSITNA HYDRO OPPORTUNISTIC GEAR CATCH DATA RJ 82-05
All other items on this form discussed previously
Conductivity - record hydrolab reading in umhos/cm
tf.
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the recovery of 150 7-digit tags used in.
impoundment last season. For all 6-digit tags
recovered,record the number to the right of the
existing zero in the second column and leave the
first column blank.
record settings on shocker
Recapture Code -refer to Su Hydro Code sheet
(i.e.)Mepps spinner,No.2
Royal Coachman,dry fly
Volts
Amps
Hook Type - inhouse evaluation of the effectiveness of different hook
types
An alternate version of Form RJ 82-05 with no net lengths or mesh sizes
listed for gill nets is available upon request.
Des i gned for use with gear that for one reason or another can not be
utilized on a regular basis.Set and drift gill nets,beach seines,hook
and line,and electrofishing gear are considered to be opportunistic gear.
When the field biologist believes such gear deployment is required,a
minimum of two different conditions should be sampled during each sampling
period.The different conditions being sampled and the rationale for why
such sampling is being performed are to be recorded in the field notebook.
Also record this information in the remarks column on the date forms.
--_•.._..---~.._--
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SUSITNA HYDRO PROPOSED IMPOUNDMENT HOOK &LINE CATCH DATA RJ 82-06
This form will be utilized to record hook and line catch data from the
proposed impoundment area above Devil Canyon.
Reach -two letter location code which designate the following
three types of habitat locations based on their physical
characteristics:
Code Description
M The confluence habitat encompasses that area of
the Susitna River below the mouth of the tributary
which is influenced by the tributary stream flow,
the mixing area,and that area of the tributary
which is influenced by the rise/fall of the
Susitna River.
P The pool habitat is comprised of the large pools
within the tributaries between the mouth and the
proposed impoundment elevation where the bulk of
the resident fish have been observed to reside.
R The riffle habitat will include those stretches of
each tributary located between the major pool.
areas in the reach between the mouth of the
tributary and the impoundment elevation.These
areas are comprised of smaller pools,rock eddies,
riffles,and whitewater.
The second 1etter of the 1ocati on code wi 11 be composed of lower case
letters from a to z.Sampling locations at or near the confluence will all
be designated by the letter - a (i.e.Ma,Pa, Ra).Sampling locations
above these sites will be assigned letters in sequence thereafter.(f ,e ,
Pb,Rb,Pc,Rc ••.).
-19-
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-20-
SUSITNA HYDRO DOWNSTREAM MIGRANT TRAP BIOLOGICAL DATA RJ 82-09
SUSITNA HYDRO PROPOSED IMPOUNDMENT OTHER GEAR CATCH DATA RJ 82-07
same procedure as indicated previously
same procedure as indicated previously
Total Time - hours and hundreths of hours,rounded off to the nearest
quarter hour.
TRM -tributary river mile in tenths of miles.
Fate Code -discussed previously,see Su Hydro Code sheet.
Catch - Species -catches are record by species.Species codes are
listed on the Su Hydro Code sheet.
Species Code
Length
Age
This form is designated for use at sampling locations in the mainstem
Susitna River,tributary mouths,and lakes in the proposed impoundment area
above Devil Canyon.
Spec;es Code
PSN
Net Length
Mesh Size
Hook Size
Bait Type
Time (Set,Pulled,and Total)
Catch - Species Code
SUSITNA HYDRO DOWNSTREAM MIGRANT TRAP CATCH DATA RJ 02-08
Scale Slide No.-scale are mounted on glass microscope slides for aging
and these slides are numbered from 0001 to 9999.
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Catch - Species Code -same procedure as indicated previously
SUSITNA HYDRO AQUATIC HABITAT FIELD DATA AH-82-01
Trap Depth -feet,expressed to the nearest tenth of a foot
Velocity -feet per second, expressed to the nearest tenth of
a foot
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hours, expressed to the nearest tenth of an hour
military time
degrees Centigrade expressed to the nearest tenth
of a degree
Miltary Time
Temp.- Air
-~Jater
Remarks -this space will include two addition pieces of data.
The distance the trap was set from shore will be
recorded to the nearest foot and the total number of
fish that were found as mortalities in the live box
will also be recorded.
Time - Set
Check
Total
Daily Total
Water ~uality Data:
--------._-_.~.._="-~;:'-.......-"'-.•~~.:.::'"
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6 pH - expressed to the nearest tenth
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Dissolved Oxygen - expressed to the nearest tenth
Spec.Condo -Meter -conductivity meter reading,expressed to the nearest
tenth
-Adj -adjusted reading based on correction factor calulated
for each meter
-21-
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-22-
Gage measurements wi 11 be recorded in feet to the nearest hundredth of a
Staff Gage Measurements:
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Gage
M : 1--
:P1acement:Set
Code:#
2o1--
Rivermi1e
1
EXAMPLE:Mainstem gage at River mile 101.2"second gage from shore,set
number one
Hydro1ab No.- record meter number
Barometric Pressure
Re1.Velocity -feet per second, expressed to the nearest tenth
Turbidity
River Mile (first four places of cqde)- to be determined to the nearest
tenth mile from the b1ue1ine aerial photo maps.
Staff gages will be numbered with a four part,seven place a1ph-numeric
code (see example below).
GAGE (seventh place) - a letter identifying a gage within a set.Letters
will be assigned alphabetically,beginning with the gage nearest shore.
Placement Code (PC)(fifth place)-indicates whether a gage is placed in a
slough (S),at the head of a slough (H), in a tributary (T), in the
mainstem (M),or at an R&M cross-section (X).
SET (sixth place) - a single digit which identifies a group of staff gages
within a site which were set to measure the full range of stage f1ucautions
at a given point.
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-23-
Substrate Date:
foot
Notes -describe breakdown of substrate types if ~ecessary.Also note
cover characteristics.
i---'"
Substrate Codes:Substrate'Description
SI silt very fine
SA sand fines
GR gravel 1/4" - 3
11
RU rubble 3" - 5"
CO cobble 5" -1011
BO boulder greater than 1011
leave this space blank
Emb - determine embeddedness of the substrate by inspection.If the
embeddedness is sufficient to hinder fish activity (i.e.
spawning,rearing)enter a (Y),if not enter a (N)in this
space.
PSN -this space will be utilized to specify the hydraulic zone code
which is being sampled
Dominant -enter the dominant substrate found in that hydraulic zone.
Substrate codes are listed on the form as follows:
General substrate data will be collected for each hydraulic zone that is
sampled at a fish distribution or selected fish habitat location.
Gear Code
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AQUATIC HABITAT AND INSTREAM FLOW STUDIES
New Data Form Instructions
Form AH-82-07 was developed for the winter sampling session to more
efficiently record winter data.This was necessary due to the different
types of data and procedures being used.
1-10. Refer to general instructions in 1981 procedures manual (steps 4
and 7 are not on this form).
11. Date: Enter date measurements are being taken.
12.Military Time:Enter time using the 24 hour system (i.e.for
1:00 p.m.enter 13:00).
13.GPSN:enter gear placement site number (described in 1981
procedures manual).
14.Temperature (Temp)°C:Enter air and water temperature.
15.pH:Enter value as measured using the procedure described in the
methods section.
16. Dissolved Oxygen (D.O., mg/l): Enter value as measured following
the procedure in the methods section.
17.Turbidity (NTU):Indicate with a check ( )on left side of
blank that a turbidity sample was taken,enter turbidity value
after analysis.
18.Specific Conductance;Meter:enter the value for spec.condo as
displayed on the meter.
19.Specific Conductance;Adjusted:Upon return from the field enter
-24-
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the adjusted value obtained from the calibration curve.
20. Ice thickness:measure the distance from the bottom of the ice
to the top.
21.Water Depth:enter the distance from the surface of the water to
the substrate.(Notes will be made in the "note"section of the
form if slush ice is present or if the water surface and ice
surface are more than .5 foot different).
22.Mean Velocity:enter the mean velocity.measured at .6 depth
under the 0.6 or mean column.If.2 and .8 depth is used enter
the .2 above the slash and .8 below the slash in the 0.2/0.8
column.Enter the mean velocity (calculated by averaging the .2
and .8 measurement)in the .6 or mean column.
23.Substrate:Estimate the three major substrate types within the
sampling site and enter their respective percentages.
24.Meter Numbers (Hydrolab): Enter the serial number of the
hydrolab used.
25.Meter Number (Flow): Enter the type and seri a1 number of the
flow meter used.
26. Discharge:Record total -discharge if measured.
27.Comments,related data,notes:Enter any comments pertinent to
the data collected (i.e.deviation from techniques,other
information available,adverse conditions,etc.).
General Habitat (AH-82-02)
This form was adapted from the winter form (AH-82-07 above.The
instructions are the same as those described above with the following
-25-
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exceptions.
23.Substrate:-In this new form substrate is recorded as described
in the RJ data form section for Embeddedness (23a)dominant
substrate type (23b)and notes (23c).
28. Barometric Pressure:Record barometric pressure.
Aquatic Habitat Data Electroshocking Form (AH-82-ES-Ol)
This form is used to record the habitat data collected in association
with electroshocking.
1.File Number:Record appropriate file number.
2. Page:Indicate the page number and total number of pages.-
3.Crew:List the names or initials of personnel making
measurements and entering data on form.
4. Date: Enter date in digit format in the order:year,month,
day.
5.Time:Enter military time.
6.Sample #:Enter the assigned sample number determined by RJ or
AA crew member.System to be developed.
7.Location:Enter descriptive location name.
8.RM:E~ter river mile of the site or tributary mouth obtained
from R&M blue line maps.
9.Tributary River Mile: Enter the river mile of the tributary
sampled if applicable.
-26-
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10. Geographical Code:Enter the 12 digit code identifying the
sample location.
11.Sample #:Enter number to identify specific data collection
location within the site.
12. Depth:Record depth that measurement was taken.
13.Velocity:Enter the mean velocity measured at 0.6 under the
X/0.6 column.If 0.2 and 0.8 depths are used enter the velocity
under the appropriate column and the mean under X/0.6.
.
14.Substrate:Record substrate type dominant in the site using
codes explained in the RJ data form section of this addendum.
15.Embeddedness:Record embeddedness as described in the RJ data
form section of this addendum.
16. Air Temperature: Enter air temperature in aC.
17.Intragravel Temperature: Enter intergravel temperature aC.
18.Surface Water Temperature: Enter surface water temperature in
ac.
19.pH:Enter pH.
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20.Dissolved Oxygen:Enter dissolved oxygen in mg/l.
21.Specific Conductance:Enter specific conductance in umhos/cm.
22.Comments:Enter any comments in this section.
Stage Date -Field Form Instructions
-27-
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6.
7.
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Includes the river mile,placement code,set number,gage;refer
to staff gage numbering procedure and format in FY 83 procedures
manual addendum.
Year,month,day (eg.820704).
Military time (e.g.14:06 hrs.).
Actual gage reading in feet,tenths of feet and hundreds of feet.
Total depth is ihe height of a gage or wading rod placed upon the
substrate next to the installed gage and read at the water
surface.Read also in feet,tens of feet and hundreds of feet.
Sampler's initials.
Include in the comments section the location of the gage (i.e.
head of Slough 19,mouth of Slough 8A,etc.).Also include any
pertinent information concerning the gage site or sampling site
in general concerning the stage.
The number of pages in data set.
-28-I