HomeMy WebLinkAboutAquatic Studies Procedures Manual Phase 2 Final 2nd Edition 1983J
Subtask 7.10
AQUATIC STUDIES PROCEDURES MANUAL
PHASE II -Final Draft {2nd ed.)·
1982 -83 (FY 83)
...
...
...
June 1983
L
Tl~
6/30/83 (Corrected){'f2f"
.$8
1+~8
no.~38Ck
~LASKA POWER AUTHORITY
SUSITNA HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT
Subtask 7.10
AQUATIC STUDIES PROCEDURES MANUAL
PHASE II -Final Draft {2nd ed.)
1982 -83 (FY 83)
-by-
Alaska Department of Fish and Game
Susitna Hydro Aquatic Studies
2207 Spenard Road
Anchorage.Alaska 99503
-for-
Acres American Incorporated
Liberty Bank Building,Main at Court
Buffalo,New York 14202
ARLIS
Alaska Resources
Library &Information SerV1ces
Anchorage,AJaska
0:'/
6/30/83 (Corrected)
TABLE OF CONTENTS
I.INTRODUCTION ...............................................1
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
."~'"'~7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
II.TECHNICAL PROCEDURES ••••••.•••••••••.•.•.••••.•••••••••••••8
A.ADULT ANADROMOUS FISHERIES STUDIES •••••••••••••..•••••8
1.Study Description and Rationale ••.•••••••••••••••8
2.Sonar Counters 9
3.Tag/Recapture 10
4.Mainstem Surveys..................................12
5.Slough and Tributary Surveys ••••.••••••••••••••••15
6.Chinook Salmon Aerial Surveys ••••••••••••••••••••17
7.Eul achon Surveys 17
8.Bering Cisco .......•.............•...............19
9.Radio Tagging 20
10.Stock Separation 21
B.RESIDENT AND JUVENILE ANADROMOUS FISHERIES STUDIES ••••23
Study Description and Rationale ••••••••••••••••••23
Study Design by Objective ••••••••••••••••••••••••23
Sub-objectives and Study Design ••••••••••••••.•••23
Summary of Objectives •••••••••••••.••••••.•••••••31
Fish Distribution Study..........................31
Electrofishing and Tagging Surveys •••••••••••••••43
Radio Telemetry Studies •••••••.••••••••••••••••••46
Juvenile Incubation,Emergence,and
Outmigration Studies •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••48
Food Habits Study Invertebrate and
Oi stributi on Study •••••..•.••••••••••••••..•••.••51
Impoundment Area Studies •••••••••••••••••••••••••53
leve 1 of Effort e-e ••56
C.AQUATIC HABITAT AND INSTREAM FLOW STUDIES ••••.••••••.•58
1.Study Description and Rationale ••••••••••••••••••58
2.Scope by Geographical Reach of the
Susitna River •.................•.•...............59
3.Scope of FY-83 Program by Objective ••••••.•••••••59
4.Administrative Structure and
Manpower Distribution •.••.•••••••••••••••••..••••67
5.Field Data Collection Work Plans •••••••••••••••••70
a.Lower River Fish Habitat Utilization •••••••.70
i.Slough Spawning Habitat Studies.........70
ii.Mainstem Spawning Habitat Studies.......71
b.Instream Flow Evaluations ••••.•••••....••.••82
c.Upper River Fish Habitat Utilization ••.••.••90
i
-~---_._--_...
6/30/83 (Corrected)
TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)
D.DATA PROCESSING 95
1.Work Plan ......................•.........•.......95
2.Data Base Management .••.••••.•••••••..•••.••••..•106
III.DATA PROCEDURES •••••..••••.•.•••••••.•••.•••••••.•••••••••.113
A.ADULT ANADROMOUS FISHERIES STUDIES .•••••••••••..•••.••113
1.Side Scan Sonar Operations .•..••...•••..•....••..113
2.Tag/Recapture Operations •••.•••..••••.•••..•••...120
3.Mainstem Survey Operations .•••••••••.••••...••..•125
4.Slough And Tributary Surveys •••••••.•.•....•..•••125
5.Mainstem Set Netting ...•...•••••••..•••...••..•••125
6.Bering Cisco Monitoring •••••..••••••••.•••.•••...126
7.Eulachon Survey Operation •••••••••.••.•••••.•••..126
B.RESIDENT AND JUVENILE ANADROMOUS FISHERIES STUDIES ..••137
1.Data Forms 137
2.Specific Data to be Collected •••••••••.••.•..••••150
3.Report Format 151
C.AQUATIC HABITAT AND INSTREAM FLOW STUDIES •••.•.•••••••153
1 •Da ta Forms •.•....••••..•.•••••••...•••••••.••••••153
2.Data Transfer 169
IV.QUALITY CONTROL .......................•..•.................170
A.Adult Anadromous Fisheries Studies .••••••••.••••.••.••170
B.Resident and Juvenile Anadromous Fisheries Studies .••.170
C.Aquatic Habitat and Instream Flow Studies .••••.••..•..171
D.Data Routing ....•.........•........•.•..............~.172
v.REPORT SCHEDULE .......•................•..•................173
VI.PERSONI~EL ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••177
VII.LITERATURE CITED ••••.•••.•..•••..••••..•••.••••••...••....•180
ii -
-
-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
LIST OF FY 83 APPENDIX ADDENDUMS
IX
FY 83 ADDENDUM TO APPENDIX)(.....................................186
V
FY 83 ADDENDUM TO APPENDIX ~....................................240
ARLIS
Alaska Resources
Library &Information Servtces
iii Anchorage.Alaska
6/30/83 (Corrected)
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1.
Figure 2.
Figure 3.
Figure 4.
Figure 5.
Susitna Hydroelectric Project study
are a,1983 -83 .
FY 83 ADF&G open water field season
study areas,1982-83 .
FY 83 ADF&G ice covered field season
study areas,1982-83 .
Hypothetical map of hydraulic zones
of a typical Susitna River slough
at high and low mainstem river
discharge .
Susitna River Resident and Juvenile
Anadromous fish sampling sites
(Deshka River to Sunshine Creek),
2
4
5
34
1982..............................................39
Figure 6.
Figure 7.
Figure 8.
Figure 9.
Susitna River Resident and Juvenile
Anadromous fish sampling sites
(Birch Creek Slough to Gold Creek),
1982 .
Susitna River Resident and Juvenile
Anadromous fish sampling sites
(Sherman to Portage Creek),1982 •••.•••••••.•.••••
Phase II Resident and Juvenile
Anadromous Fisheries Project,
administrative structure and
manpower distribution FY 83,
July 1,1982 to June 30,1983 ••••••••.•••••.•••.••
FY 83 Principal Aquatic Habitat
and Instream Flow study site
40
41
57
locations..... .... . .... .... ...... .60
Figure 10.
Figure 11.
Figure 12.
Figure 13.
FY 83 Aquatic Habitat and Instream
Flow Project table of organization,
1982-83 .
FY 83 AH staff gage placement
and identification system,1982-83 •••.•.•....•••••
Facsimile reduced reproduction of
keypunch coding from template •••••••••••••••••.•••
Printer tape stamp .
69
86
100
115
iv
6/30/83 (Corrected)
LIST OF FIGURES (Continued)
Figure 14.
Figure 15.
Figure 16.
Fi gure 17.
Figure 18.
Figure 19.
F;gure 20.
Susitna Hydro standard gear catch
data form,RJ 82-01 .
Susitna Hydro biological data
fOnTI,RJ 82-02 •••.•.••••.••...•.••••••.•••..•.•...
Susitna Hydro tag deployment
data form,RJ 82-03 .
Susitna Hydro tag recapture
data form RJ 82-04 .
Susitna Hydro opportunistic
gear catch data form,RJ 82-05 ••••••••••••••••••••
Susitna Hydro alternative
opportunistic catch data form,
RJ 82-05 ••••...••••..•••••••••••....•••.•..•.•.•..
Susitna Hydro proposed impoundment
hook and line catch data form,
138
139
140
141
142
143
RJ 82-06..........................................144
-
Figure 21.
Figure 22.
Figure 23.
Figure 24.
Figure 25.
Figure 26.
Figure 27.
Figure 28.
Figure 29.
Figure 30.
Figure 31.
Susitna Hydro proposed impoundment
other gear catch data form,
RJ 82-07 •.•.•••.•.•.•.••.••.•.•..•••.•.•.•.••••...
Susitna Hydro downstream migrant
trap catch data form,RJ 82-08 ••••••••••••••••••••
Susitna Hydro downstream migrant
trap biological data form,RJ 82-09 •••••••••••••••
Susitna Hydro aquatic habitat
field data form,AH 82-01 •••••••••••••••••••••••••
Planimetric map form,AH 82-03 ••••••••••••••••••••
Discharge form,AH 82-04 ••••••••••••••••••••••••••
Stage data field form,AH 82-05 •••••••••••••••••••
General habitat data form,AH 82-07 •••••••••••••••
Aquatic habitat data electro-
shocking form,AH 82-ES-01 ••••••••••••••••••••••••
Aquatic habitat data electro-
shocking winter form,AH-ES-WINTER ••••••••••••••••
Salmon spawning habitat utilization
form,AH 82-FHU-l .
v
145
146
147
148
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
6/30/83 (Corrected)
LIST OF FIGURES (Continued)
Figure 32.
Figure 33.
Figure 34.
Figure 35.
Figure 36.
Figure 37.
Figure 38.
Figure 39.
Water quality form,AH-82-FHU-2...................163
Available habitat (discharge)
form,AH-82-FHU-3.................................164
Intragravel/surface water
measurements form,AH-82-FHU-4....................165
Water quality field form,
AH-83-IFE-Ol......................................166
Discharge data summary-office
form,AH-82-IFE-02................................167
Staff gage elevation summary-
office form,AH-83-IFE-03.........................168
Adult anadromous project
schedule,1982....................................174
Activity schedule,1982.Integrated
Resident and Juvenile Anadromous
Fisheries and Aquatic Habitat and
Instream Flow projects............................175
vi
6/30/83 (Corrected)
Side scanner counter log,
AA-82-13..........................................117
.-
-
-
-
....
_.
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1.
Table 2.
Table 3.
Table 4.
Table 5.
Table 6.
Table 7.
Table 8.
Table 9.
Table 10.
Table 11.
Table 12.
Table 13.
Table 14.
Table 15.
Table 16.
Table 17.
Table 18.
Table 19.
Table 20.
Staff gage numbering procedures •••••••••••••••••••
General microcomputer utility
programs used for data base
management ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
Daily log for side scan
counter,AA-82 -12 .
Daily sonar counts,AA-82-09 ••••••••••••••••••••••
Side scan sonar counter field
calibration log,AA-82-10 •••••••••••••••••••••••••
Daily fishwheel catch log,
AA-82 -0 lA .
Daily fishwheel catch log,
AA-82-01B ...................•..•......•......•.•..
Tag deployment log,AA-82-14 ••••••••••••••••••••••
Tag recaptured log,AA-82-19 ••••••••••••••••••••••
Electrofishing catch log,AA-82-03 ••••••••••••••••
Electrofishing data record for
spawning fish,AA-82-02 •••••••••••••••••••••••••••
Adult Anadromous and Resident
spawning site map,AA-82-05 •••••••••••••••••••••••
Egg deposition log,AA-82-17 ••••••••••••••••••••••
Escapement survey log,AA-82-18 •••••••••••••••••••
Chinook salmon survey log,AA-82-16 •••••••••••••••
RM 150 set net log,AA-82-15 ••••••••••••••••.•••••
Eulachon--Estuarine set netting
log,AA-82 -07 .
Eulachon spawning location log,
AA-82 -06 .
Eulachon sex composition log,
AA-82 -08 .
vii
Page
85
108
116
118
119
121
122
123
124
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
._--------__-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
LIST OF TABLES (Continued)
Table 21.List of 1982 Su Hydro field
data forms utilized by RJ
sub-projects......................................149
Table 22.Data forms used to record aquatic
habitat data collected by the
various AH sub-program elements
during FY 83 ...............................•......
viii
155
-
-
,...,
.....
6/30/83 (Corrected)
I.INTRODUCTION
The Susitna River,Southcentral Alaska's major river system,drains into
Cook Inlet near the City of Anchorage (Figure 1).The drainage encompasses
19,400 square miles and extends north to Mt.Denali and east almost to the
town of Glenallen.The mainstem river and its major tributaries are of
glacial origin and carry a heavy silt load during ice-free months.Many of
the smaller tributaries are perennially silt-free.
Construction of hydroelectric dams will affect portions of the fish and
wildlife resources of the Susitna River basin.The two-dam system proposed
would inundate in excess of 50,500 acres of aquatic and terrestrial habitat
upsteam of Devil Canyon.Regulation of the mainstem river will
substantially alter the natural flow regime downstream.Historically,the
long and short term environmental impacts of hydroelectric dams have
adversely altered the sport and commercial fisheries of affected drainages
(Baxter and Glaude,1980;Hagen et.al.,1973;Hocutt,1980;Keller,1980;
Ward and Stanford,1979).The transmission line corridor,substations,
road corridor,and construction pad sites will also impact aquatic and
terrestrial communities and their habitat.
The proposed hydroelectric development necessitates ga1n1ng a thorough
knowledge of its chemical,physical and biological parameters and their
seasonal relationships to discharge prior to final dam design approval and
construction authorization.Prelim'inary environmental assessments of the
project noted deficiencies in the state of knowledge of the Susitna River
drainage fisheries (FWS-ADF&G,1978).
The extensive studies being carried out by the Alaska Department of Fish
and Game's Su Hydro Aquatic Studies Team entail the collection of large
quantities of field data.These data are concerned with the distribution
and abundance of fish populations,and the aquatic habitat associated with
these fish populations in the portions of the Susitna River drainage which
would be impacted by the proposed hydropower development.The Data
Processi ng Support Unit of the study team was created to provi de the
expertise and manpower necessary to catalog,summarize,analyze,and manage
these data.
-1-
MAPAREAo25I,\ADF8GFIELDCAMPSOVERALLSTUDYAREA•miles~a".........tiIINIFigure1.SusitnaHydroelectricProjectstudyarea,1982-83.
-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
To insure adequate information is available to determine the impacts of the
proposed hydroelectric project and to design proper mitigative strategies,
a two-phase data collection program has been developed.This Phase II
(July 1,1982 to June 30,1983)procedures manual addresses changes,
deletions,and additions to the Phase I (July 1,1981 to June 30,1982)
procedures manual to be conducted within those study areas outlined in
Figures 2 and 3.Modification (e.g.revisions,deletions,additions,or
corrections)to the program during Phase II will be addressed in future
revisions of this manual.
The following basic objectives initially proposed during FY 82 for the
Phase I and II field study programs remain unchanged in FY 83.These
objectives and related study tasks include:
OBJECTIVE 1
Task 1.1
Task 1.2
Task 1.3
Task 1.4
Determine the seasonal distribution and relative abundance
of adul t anadromous fi sh popul ations produced within the
study area.
Enumerate and characterize the runs of the adult anadromous
fish.
Determine the timing and nature of migration,milling and
spawning activities.
Identify spawning locations within the study area (i.e.,
subreaches of the mainstem sloughs and side channels,
tributary confluences,lakes and ponds,etc.)and estimate
their comparative importance.
Identify and determine methods,means and the feasibility of
estimating the Susitna River contribution to the Cook Inlet
commerical fishery.
-3-
\1982OPENWATERSEASONSTUDYAREASr;wUPPERRIVERI]fJSTUDYAREArnILOWERRIVER~STUDYAREA- -DRAINAGEBOUNDARY,,...........................................\\\\IIJIIIIC)I-;/-,"-_.......,,-II///'"I/I/////-----_..--,,/oo25IImiles0.•••••~,::JI~IFigure2.FY83ADF&Gopenwaterfieldseasonstudyareas.1982-83.f
1;ti1\to25II\UPPERRIVERSTUDYAREALOWERRIVERSTUDYAREADRAINAGEBOUNDARY1981-82ICE-COVEREDSEASONSTUDYAREAS[Ij~.,,,............""..................\\,IIIIIII~J"-,,//""....//---_......././",,/","/"/IIIJJI,I\................................................",mileso'"O.O-.,cI'IIn!Figure3.FY83ADF&Gice-coveredfieldseasonstudyareas.1982-83.
OBJECTIVE 2
Task 2.1
Task 2.2
OBJECTIVE 3
Task 3.1
Task 3.2
6/30/83 (Corrected)
Determine the seasonal distribution and relative abundance
of selected resident and juvenile anadromous fish
populations within the study area.
Identify spawning and rearing locations of the resident
species and the rearing locations of juvenile anadromous
species to estimate their comparative importance.
Record descriptive information on captured fish (species,
location of capture site t age class)t and discuss seasonal
migration patterns of selected adult resident species.
Characterize the seasonal habitat requirements of selected
anadromous and resident species within the study area and
their relationship with the mainstem river discharge.
Identify the physical and chemical conditions which appear
to be influencing the suitability of various habitat types
for the species and life history stages of interest.
Characterize the physical and chemical parameters of the
various seasonal habitat types found in the study area as
they relate to mainstem discharge.
To meet the above objectives,the study program is separated into three
sections;Adult Anadromous Fisheries (Objective 1),Resident and Juvenile
Anadromous Fisheries (Objective 2),and Aquatic Habitat and Instream Flow
Studies (Objective 3).The operations of the Anadromous Adult and Resident
and Juvenile Anadromous field investigations will be interrelated and
conducted in cooperati on with Aquati c Habitat and Instream Flow studies.
The specific objectives and procedures for completion of each section of
the program for FY 83 are described in this manual.
-6-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
The objectives of the Data Processing Support Unit of the ADF&G Su Hydro
Aquatic Studies Team remain separate from the field study program.The
objectivies of this unit are:
-
-
OBJECTIVE I
Task 1.1
Task 1.2
Task 1.3
Task 1.4
Task 1.5
Task 1.6
Task 1.7
Provide data processing and data base systems management
support to the field program elements.The tasks under this
objective are:
Computerization of all data collected in the field studies,
this computerization into retrievable data base systems
allows for easy and accurate retrieval of data for analysis
and summarization.
Development and mainteance of a computer-based data base
management system.
Production of summary report tables and computer plotted
graphics,with simple univariate statistics (e.g.minimums,
maximums,means,and confidence intervals).
Programming and execution of programs to provide computer
quality execution of statistical analyses.
Provide numerical and statistical analyses of scientific
and technical data collected by the field program elements.
Provide advice on experimental sampling design of the
field study programs,to ensure that the field studies will
yield the type and quantity of data needed to meet their
objectives.
Provide biometric evaluation of the study team's
scientific reports,to ensure that all conclusions are
founded upon sound statistical analyses and interpretation
of the collected field data.
-7-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
II.TECHNICAL PROCEDURES
A.ADULT ANADROMOUS FISHERIES STUDIES
1.Study Description and Rationale
Three principal methods will be used to ascertain distribution,abundance,
timing and migrational activity of adult anadromous salmon in the study
area (Tasks 1.1 and 1.2).They are:(l)side scan sonar (SSS)counters,
(2)tag and recapture with fishwheels and (3)aerial surveys.The SSS are
expected to accurately monitor sockeye and pink salmon escapement,and be
reasonably effective on chum and coho salmon.Tag and recapture operations
using fishwheels should effectively establish timing and escapement of
chinook,sockeye,pink,chum and coho salmon.Aerial surveys will also
provide escapement data and distribution information on chinook salmon.
Electroshocking and other various sampling gear will be used on the Susitna
River mainstem and subreaches (sloughs,side channels and tributary
confluences)along with ground and waterbourne surveys to define the extent
of anadromous fish spawning activity (Task 1.3).Radio tagging will also
be conducted to gather specific information on the migrational behavior,
timing and spawning locations of chinook,coho and chum salmon in the upper
Susitna River,principally between Talkeetna and Devil Canyon (Tasks 1.2
and 1.3).
For the Bering cisco,fishwheels and electrofishing equipment will be used
to define migrational abundance,timing and spawning activity (Tasks 1.1 -
1.3).Eulachon will be monitored for relative abundance,timing and
migrational characteristics by the use of set nets and electrofishing gear
(Tasks 1.1 -1.3).
Lastly,standard scale pattern analysis techniques will be used to define
the separatability of Susitna River spawning sockeye salmon stocks north of
Talkeetna from two major sockeye salmon stocks in the Talkeetna and
Chulitna rivers (Task 1.1).
-8-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
2.Sonar Counters-
Operation Periods:
Field operations for mainstem enumeration with side scanning sonar (SSS)
counters will begin and terminate on the following dates:
Methods:
Susitna Station
Yentna Station
Sunshine Station
Talkeetna Station
1 July to 5 September
1 July to 5 September
7 July to 12 September
7 July to 14 September
-
~'
-,
Two Bendix SSS counters will be deployed at each mainstem station,one off
each river bank.These counters will be operated by trained personnel in
accordance with the 1980 Side Scan Counter Installation and Operation
Manual,Bendix Corporation (Appendix 1).
Counter accuracy will be monitored four or more times daily by hand
tallying fish related echos displayed on an oscilloscope (Appendix II).
The ratio of visual counts to SSS counts will be used to adjust the counter
as defined in the above cited manual.
A fishwheel will be operated daily in the immediate vicinity of each SSS
counter to provide species composition data for apportioning SSS counts.
The fishwheel will be sited so that its presence does not conflict or bias
sonar counter performance.
Each sonar crew in addition to other duties will collect age,length and
sex data (III Data Procedures)from daily fishwheel interceptions:
Chinook Salmon:Age,sex and length samples from all
chinook salmon.
-9-
,--------,---""
Sockeye Salmon:
Pink Salmon:
Chum Salmon:
Coho Salmon:
6/30/83 (Corrected)
Age,length and sex samples from 40 fish daily,
except that at Talkeetna Station where all
sockeye salmon will be sampled for age,length
and sex data.
Length and sex samples from 40 fish daily.
Age,length and sex samples from 20 fish daily.
Age,length and sex samples from 20 fish daily.
The number of fish sampled for age,sex and length data is adequate to
define escapement characteri sti cs and vari abil ity based on previ ous ADF&G
Susitna River investigations.Age samples will not be collected from pink
salmon due to there being only one age class apparent in the adult return.
Sonar counts and attendant data will be forwarded to the Anchorage office
every two weeks.
3.Tag/Recapture
Operation Periods:
Field operations for tag/recapture projects will begin and end on the
fo 11 owi ng da tes:
Methods:
Sunshine Station
Talkeetna Station
Curry Station
7 June to 12 September
7 June to 14 September
10 June to 18 September
Fishwheels will be operated continously,24 hours per day,at each sampling
station.Two fishwheels will be deployed on each side of the Susitna River
at Sunshine and Talkeetna stations.At Curry Station,a single fishwheel
will be operated off each bank.Fishwheel design is described in the Phase
I ADF&G/Su Hydro Adult Anadromous Report (1981)and operation is described
-10-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
in Appendix III.Each fishwheel will be checked five or more times daily
for catch and required maintenance.All adult salmon will be tagged and
released with the exception that at Sunshine Station and Curry Station 90
percent and 50 percent respectively of the daily pink salmon catch will be
released without being tagged.Tagging procedures are defined in Appendix
IV.Tag type and color by sampling station and species are defined below:
Tag
-
Sunshine Station
Chinook Salmon
Sockeye Salmon
Pink Salmon
Chum Salmon
Coho Salmon
Talkeetna Station
Chinook Salmon
Sockeye Salmon
Pink Salmon
Chum Salmon
Coho Salmon
Curry Station
Chinook Salmon
Sockeye Salmon
Pink Salmon
Chum Salmon
Coho Salmon
Type
1"dia.Petersen Disc
FT-4 Spaghetti
FT -4 Spaghetti
FT-4 Spaghetti
FT-4 Spaghetti
1"dia.Petersen Disc
FT-4 Spaghetti
FT-4 Spaghetti
FT-4 Spaghetti
FT-4 Spaghetti
1"dia.Petersen Disc
1"dia.Petersen Disc
1"dia.Petersen Disc
1"di a.Petersen Di sc
1"dia.Petersen Disc
Color
White
Int.Orange
Int.Orange
Int.Orange
Int.Orange
Yellow
Yellow
Yellow
Yellow
Yellow
Int.Orange
Int.Orange
Int.Orange
Int.Orange
Int.Orange
All tags will be consecutively numbered by respective color code.
Fish recaptured at upstream tagging locations will be released following
species identification,and recording of tag type,color and number (III
Data Procedures).
-11-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
The tagging crew at Curry Station will also collect age,length and sex
data (III Data Procedures)for each species as follows:
Chinook Salmon:All chinook salmon will be sampled for age,sex and
length.
Sockeye Salmon:All sockeye salmon will be sampled for age,sex and
length.
Chum Salmon:Age,length and sex samples from 20 fish daily.
Coho Salmon:Age,length and sex samples from 20 fish daily.
Pink Salmon:Length and sex samples from 40 fish daily.
The Sunshine and Talkeetna Station tagging crews will be responsible for
collecting adult salmon age,length and sex samples as defined in the
methods section under sonar monitoring until such time as the sonar
installations are operating.
All non-adult salmon interceptions in the fishwheels will be identified by
species and recorded in the Daily Fishwheel Catch Log form (III Data
Procedures).
Tag and recapture data w'ill be forwarded to the Anchorage office every two
weeks.
4.Mainstem Surveys
Operation Period and Survey Reach:
Field operations for identifying Susitna River mainstem spawning areas will
begin and end on the following dates:
Susitna Station Survey crew
Sunshine Survey crew
-12-
1 August to 1 October
1 August to 7 October
Talkeetna Survey crew
6/30/83 (Corrected)
7 August to 7 October
The geographic area of responsibility for each crew is:
Susitna Station Survey -Estuary to Kashwitna River
Sunshine Survey -Kashwitna River to Talkeetna
Talkeetna Survey -Talkeetna to Devil Canyon
The Susitna Station crew will perform mainstem surveys six days a week
during the survey period.Talkeetna Stati on and Sunshi ne Stati on survey
crews will sample the mainstem for spawning fish five days a week
throughout the survey period.
Additionally,the Talkeetna and Sunshine Survey crews will cooperatively
conduct tag and recapture surveys on sel ected tributaries below RM 99 as
listed:
SPAWNING AREA RIVER MILE SAMPLING PERIOD SURVEY FREQUENCY
Birch Creek 88.4 8/7 -8/25 weekly
-9/15 -9/28 weekly
Fish Creek 97.1 8/15 -8/28 weekly
Byers Creek 97.8 8/21 -9/7 weekly
Troublesome Creek 97.8 8/27 -9/15 weekly
........
Answer Creek 84.1 9/15 -9/28 weekly
Question Creek 84.1 9/15 -9/28 weekly
Cache Creek 95.4 9/15 -9/28 weekly
Swan Creek 97.8 9/21 -9/28 once
-13-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
Methods:
The following gear will be used to determine the presence of mainstem
spawning:
1.Electroshockers
2.Drift gillnets
3.Egg deposition pump
Each mainstem survey crew will be assigned a 20 foot river boat powered by
a 75 h.p.engine with a jet unit.
Mainstem survey crews will assess mainstem spawning in the three sections
of river primarily using electroshocking equipment.The variability of
habitat to be sampled both between and within the three sections
neces s ita tes the I.J se of two electrode sys tems.A mobile electrode sys tern
will be used when electroshocking in areas of restricted boat
maneuverability,and a stationary or boom electrode system,with a larger
shocking field,will be used in areas of unrestricted boat maneuverability.
Specific operational and safety procedures are outlined in Appendix V.
Catch data will be recorded on the appropriate forms (III Data Procedures).
Salmon caught by electroshocking will not be assumed spawning at the catch
location unless all of the following criteria are met:
1.Fish exhibits spawning maturation colors and morphology.
2.Fish expells eggs or milt when slight pressure is
exerted on the abdomen.
3.Fish is in vigorous condition,with 25 percent or more
of the eggs or m"ll t rema i ni ng in the body cavity.
4.Additional electroshocking effort produces fish meeting
criteria 1 through 3 above.
-14-
......
6/30/83 (Corrected)
All adult non-anadromous species caught,will be identified,sampled for
length and sex,and tagged.Tagging methods are outlined in the Resident
and Juvenile methods section of this Procedures Manual.
Drift gillnets will be used as contingency gear in the event of an
electrical malfunction to the electroshocking units.If used,drift
gillnets will be fished in the mainstem by extending the net out
perpendicular to the river channel,with the outside end of the float line
attached to a buoy and the other fixed to the boat.Mainstem areas fished
by this method should be substantially free of surface and subsurface
debris and shallow enough to allow the net to reach within a foot (or less)
of the bottom.The same criteria outlined under electroshocking will be
used to ascertain whether gillnet captured fish are spawning at the catch
location.Catch data will be recorded on the appropriate sampling form
(III Data Procedures).
Where water depth allows,suspected mainstem spawning areas will be sampled
for egg deposition.A backpack mounted water pump and two circular
standing screen cod end nets 18 inches in diameter will be used to sample
the river bed.Equipment operating procedures will be demonstrated in the
field.Results will be recorded on the appropriate sampling form (III Data
Procedures)•
Mainstem survey crews will be comprised of one member from each project
(Adult Anadromous (AA),Resident and Juvenile (RJ)and Aquatic Habitat
(AH)).In addition to AA assessment of mainstem spawning,survey crews
will be addressing RJ and AH project objectives.These objectives are
outlined in the RJ and AH technical procedures.
5.Slough and Tr"ibutary Surveys
Operation Period and Survey Reach:
-15-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
A crew will survey weekly all known and suspected anadromous fish spawning
sloughs and tributaries between RM 99 and Devil Canyon from 3 August to 7
October.The crew will base their operation from Gold Creek Station.
Sloughs will be surveyed in their entirety and tributary streams will be
surveyed from their confluence with the Susitna River mainstem to survey
distance outlined in the following chart:
TRIBUTARY STREAM RIVER MILE SURVEY DISTANCES (MILES)
Whiskers Creek 101.4 0.5
Chase Creek 106.4 0.75
Gash Creek 111.6 0.75
Lane Creek 113.6 0.5
Lower McKenzi e Creek 116.2 0.5
McKenzie Creek 116.7 0.5
Dead Horse Creek 120.9 0.5
5th July Creek 123.7 0.25
Skull Creek 124.7 0.25
Sherman Creek 130.8 0.25
4th July Creek 131.0 0.25
Gold Creek 136.7 0.25
Indian River 138.6 1.0
Jack Long Creek 144.5 0.25
Portage Creek 148.9 0.25
Once weekly from 7 August to 7 September,the Gold Creek survey crew will
fi sh a set gi 11 net for two hours off each bank of the Sus itna Ri ver
between a poi nt one mil e upstream of Portage Creek and Devil Canyon.
Methods:
-16-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
Sloughs (spring fed)and tributary streams listed in the preceding section
will be surveyed on foot in their entirety except as indicated.Stream
surveyors will wear polarized glasses and use hand-held tally counters to
record live tagged and untagged adult salmon and carcasses.Survey data
will be recorded on the appropriate forms (III Data Procedures)and
forwarded to the Anchorage office every two weeks.
Set nets used to sample the river reach between Devil Canyon and a point
one mile upstream of Portage Creek will be uniform and will be fished
perpendicular to the river channel from the shore.Each net will be 50
feet long,S feet deep,and have a stretched mesh size of 5.2 inch.Set
net locations are shown in Appendix III.Catch information will be
recorded on the appropriate form (III Data Procedures).
6.Chinook Salmon Aerial Surveys
Operation Period And Survey Reach:
Chinook salmon escapement surveys will be conducted on known and suspected
spawning tributaries between Ta"lkeetna and Devil Canyon between 21 July and
7 August by the Adult Anadromous Project Leader or his assistant.
Additionally,surveys will be conducted dra"inage wide if survey data
normally collected by Region II ADF&G Sport Fish Division and shared with
the Su Hydro project is not collected.
Methods:
Chinook salmon surveys will be conducted via helicopter.The observer will
wear polarized glasses and use tally counters to enumerate live and dead
chinook salmon.Survey data will be recorded on the appropriate form (III
Data Procedures).
7.Eul achon Survey
Operation Period and Survey Reach:
-17-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
Field activities will begin immediately following ice-out (15 May,
approximately)and will terminate at the completion of spawning (10 June,
approximately)•
Survey reach will extend from the intertidal estuary to the upper spawning
limits (Kashwitna River confluence,approximately)
Methods:
A standard set gill net (1.5 inch stretch mesh,25 ft long,S feet deep)
will be fished at two field selected sites in the Susitna River estuary
every third high tide for the first seven days and thereafter,every fifth
high tide except when the fifth high tide occurs during non-day light hours
wherein the preceding high tide will be considered the frequency end and
will be fished accordingly.
Fishing time will be monitored to the nearest minute and shall extend to
thirty minutes on each set except when observation indicates a 300 plus
eu1achon catch at which time fishing will be discontinued until the next
scheduled fishing tide.
The two field selected set net sites will be fished independently and
repetitively in the same order.Fishing time at the first site will begin
45 minutes prior to high tide and at the second site,15 minutes following
high tide.Daily high tides in the Susitna River estuary will be
determined by applying a minus 36 minute correction factor to the 1982 high
tide table for the Anchorage District (U.S.Coast Guard,1982).
An e1ectroshocking boat will be operated on the Susitna River from the
estuary (RM 6)to the upper limit of migration (RM 60,approximately)to
define spawning areas.This boat will be operated daily when the sampling
crew is not involved in set net related duties in the estuary.Specific
operation and safety procedures on the e1ectroshocking gear are outlined in
Appendix V.Eu1achon intercepted by e1ectroshocking gear will not be
assumed spawning at a catch location unless all of the following criteria
are met:
-18-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
1.Fish are freely expelling eggs or milt.
2.Fish are in vigorous free-swimming condition.
3.Twenty or more fish are caught in the initial or subsequent
site sampling effort which meet criteria 1 through 2 above.
One hundred eulachon will be sampled daily from the electroshocking catch
to determine sex ratio.Morphological characteristics (and if necessary
internal examination)will be used to determine sex.Ten age (two otoliths
per fish),weight (0.1g)and length (snout to fork of tail)samples per sex
will also be collected daily.Otolith collection procedures will be
demonstrated in the field by the AA Project Leader or his assistant.
Set netti I1g,AWL and e1ectroshocki ng data wi 11 be recorded as defi ned on
the appropriate forms (III Data Procedures)and transferred to the
Anchorage office every two weeks.
8.Bering Cisco
Operation Period:
Investigations will be conducted at Susitna,Yentna and Sunshine stations
in conjuction with scheduled adult salmon sampling activities.
Additionally at Sunshine Station,the lower east bank fishwheel will be
operated to 26 September;14 days beyond the close of the sonar and tagging
operati on.
Timing of mainstem spawning surveys on Bering Cisco will be identical to
that defined in the previous section titled:Mainstem Surveys
Methods:
Mainstem sampling stations will use fishwheels to intercept adult upstream
migrant Bering Cisco.Catches will be recorded on the Daily Fishwheel
Catch Log form (III Data Procedures).Twenty age (scale)and length
-19-
,-------_.._,--~---..
16 June and terminate 1 October,
in the river reach between Talkeetna
6/30/83 (Corrected)
(tip-of-snout to fork-of-tail)samples will be collected daily at each
mainstem station.
Mainstem spawning areas will be surveyed by the three survey crews outlined
in the previous section under Mainstem Surveys in this Procedures Manual .
These crews will identify mainstem Bering Cisco spawning areas by the
criteria and methodology used for adult salmon in the above referenced
section of this manual.
9.Radio Tagging
Operation Dates and Survey Reach:
Field investigations will begin
approximately.Attention will focus
(RM 98)and Devil Canyon (RM 150).
Methods:
Project personnel will radio tag approximately 48 adult salmon (16 chinook,
16 coho,and 16 chum salmon)and monitor their migrational movement to
completion of spawning.Radio tagging will be conducted at both Talkeetna
and Curry stations with equal emphasis on each location.Fish will be
intercepted by fishwheels operating at these as defined below:
Species Number Tagged
Talkeetna Station Curry Station
Tagging
Period
Chinook
Chum
Coho
8
8
8
-20-
8
8
8
15 June -15 July
15 July - 7 Sept.
15 July - 7 Sept.
6/30/83 (Corrected)
All tags used will be low frequency (40 MHz)and will have a life
expectency of 90 days or more,with a reception distance of not less than
one mile.
There will be no attempt to bias selection of radio fish other than no fish
will be tagged with a transmitter that has been tagged previously with
either Floy or Petersen disc tag or is lethargic or shows any external
injury.Once a fish has been selected it will be transferred to a water
tight box containing a fish anesthetic.The fish will be ready to tag
within about two minutes.
The cigar-shaped radio transmitter to be used is next tested for signal
reception in water.Then,it is coated with water soluble glycerin,and
with the help of plexiglass tubes,is slid through the mouth and esophagus
into the stomach.Prior to release of the fish,the transmitter is tested
again.The salmon is gently transferred to the river near shore,where it
is held until it forcefully swims away.Preliminary tracking will commence
from a boat.
When several fish have been tagged and released,periodic boat trips and
flights will commence to document their new locations.In this study,boat
tracking will occur at least three times weekly.Two tracking flights will
also be made per week (weather permitting),with fixed wing aircraft and/or
hel icopters.Both manual and scanning radio receivers will be used.From
the radio tracking equipped boat,fish will be pinpointed to ±20 feet of
their actual locations.
Data will be recorded on the appropriate froms (III Data Procedures)and
will be forwarded to the Anchorage office every two weeks.
10.Stock Separation
Operation Dates:
-21-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
Field operations will begin 1 July and terminate 7 September.Scale
reading data analysis performed by the Department's Stock Separation
Section will begin 1 October and finish 1 December,approximately.
Methods:
Forty sockeye salmon will be sampled for age,length and sex daily at
F.R.E.D.Division weirs at Byers (Chulitna River)and Larson (Talkeetna)
lakes for a targeted sample size of 500 per weir site (III Data
Procedures).Age sampling will entail removal of two scales from the
"pre ferred zone"of each fish;length measurements will be taken from mid
eye to fork-of-tail;sex determination will be ascertained by morphological
evaluation.
As previously outlined in this Procedures Manual,Talkeetna and Curry
stations staff will collect an age,length and sex sample from all sockeye
salmon intercepted by the fishwheels operating at these sites.
Samples collected at Larson Lake,Byers Lake,Talkeetna Station,and Curry
Stations will be analyzed by the Department's Stock Separation Section
using standard separability techniques.
-22-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
B.RESIDENT AND JUVENILE ANADROMOUS FISHERIES STUDIES
1.Study Description and Rationale
The proposed work plan for the 1982-83 fiscal year provided a basic outline
of the fi e 1d components proposed for the upcomi ng fi e 1d season.Much of
this work is a continuation of the program implemented in 1981 and is
currently conti nui ng through the 1982 season.Thi s secti on wi 11 further
describe the purpose of these studies and the rationale behind the approach
proposed for this coming field season.
2.Study Design by Objective
The overall scope of the studies relative to the major objectives for the
Resident and Juvenile addended program are:
1.Define the seasonal distribution and relative
resident and juvenile anadromous fish and
comparative value of the habitats utilized by each
abundance of
estimate the
group.
2.Characterize the seasonal habitat requirements of selected
juvenile anadromous and resident species within the study area.
The following section addresses sub-objectives and the experimental design
component necessary to complete the general objectives outlined.In
addition,the field study is outlined along with the analytical approach to
be used in the preparation of reports.
3.Sub-objectives and Study Design
The reach of river between the Chulitna confluence and Devil Canyon and the
reach between the Chulitna confluence and Cook Inlet estuary will
experi ence seasonal di scha rge,water qua 1i ty,and temperature changes to
different degrees as the hydro-electric project is developed.However,in
determining the baseline resources of these lower reaches of the river the
-23-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
same basic approach for the distribution and abundance surveys will be used
as similar questions are being addressed.
The objectives identified are broken down into specific sub-objectives.In
cases where particular questions are being addressed,the study
sub-objective is further broken down into questions.In those instances
when the primary goal is to collect baseline data to determine the resource
base that may be impacted by the project,the study can be identified
totally within the sub-objective.Each of the sub-objectives are
identified and discussed by number.
1.Quantify the relative use of the different major habitat types
over a seasonal basis in the reaches of river below Devil Canyon
and the Chulitna confluence.
2.Determine,and estimate their relative importance of the factors
which influence the use of these habitat locations and the
distribution of fish within these habitats.
Within the framework of sub-objectives 1 and 2,the following questions
will be addressed:
Is the distribution and abundance of the selected fish species
affected by natural occurring variations in the hydraulic
conditions within each of these habitats?
Are factors other than hydraulics dominating the distribution and
abundance of fish at these sites?
To address these questions the following study plan will be employed.
Each of the habitat locations that are associated with a slough or
tributary can be divided into several hydraulic zones.These zones can be
identified by direct observation into the following categories:
-24-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
1.Areas that have direct flow from tributaries,ground water,or
mainstem overflow,with no influence of backwater from the
mainstem Susitna.
2.Areas that are backwater conditions created by elevated stages of
the mainstem Susitna.At certain tributary mouths and during low
discharges of the Susitna,these areas will be very limited or
non-existent.
3.Areas that are characterized as
tributary/slough where surface velocity
by the mainstem flow.
mlxlng zones of the
is principally influenced
The relative value of each of these zones will be measured by collection of
field data that will provide estimates of relative populations of juvenile
or resident fish within these zones over a 1imited time period.The
experimental design includes the following assumptions;one,that
populations of resident and juvenile fish using these habitats are
transient populations over a seasonal period but remain constant for the
duration of a single sampling period;and two,that the sampling methods
employed are equally effective among the zones and reflect the relative
abundance of th~species within the zones.
To test if the fish distribution and abundance are affected by hydraulic
conditions rather than other variables of the habitat,other measurements
will be recorded at each site and the observations and opinions of the
field biologists will be used to determine the validity of the experimental
design.Other variables to be recorded include temperature,turbidity,
substrate,cover,dissolved oxygen,and conductivity.The techniques to be
employed in the sampling procedure are outlined in the field sampling
sections for the distribution study,and the electrofishing study.
If differences in abundance of the selected species are measured between
these zones and it appears that other variables are not the factors
influencing this distribution,data collected in cooperation with Aquatic
Habitat personnel can relate the changes in surface area of the different
-25-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
zones to changes in the discharges of the mainstem Susitna.The surface
area changes will be mapped on high resolution aerial photographs during
each sampling period.In addition,staff gages at the upper hydraulic zone
will provide an indication of the discharge in the slough or tributary at
different mainstem flows.Finally,readings from a staff gauge at the
mouth of the slough or tributary can be correlated to mainstem discharge to
provide information as to the relative depth at this location.
Analysis of the data will include a narrative description of the factors
that appear to influence the distribution and abundance of juvenile and
resident fish during different seasonal periods at each of the habitat
locations.Within a sampling location,the relative catch per unit effort
(CPUE)can be evaluated statistically to determine if significant
differences occur between the sampl ing zones,at any given time period.
The data will be converted to relative terms,rather than absolute numbers,
to compare the relative values of the different zones during different
sampling periods.Finally,the comparative value of the different sites
can be evaluated on a seasonal basis by evaluation of the overall CPUE
rates for each site.The surface area of the different habitat components
at each location will be mapped and can be used to weight the CPUE data to
determine the overall importance of each of the sites.Details of data
analysis will be included in the data analysis section.
3.Examine a wider range of habitats,not previously studied in both
the upper river (Above the Chulitna confluence)and in the lower
river.
The distribution and abundance of resident and juvenile fish on the Susitna
River has had only one year of intensive investigation (1981).In order to
insure that an important component of the fisheries population has not been
overlooked,a portion of the field program will look at habitats not
previously sampled to determine if they contain significant populations of
fish.Emphasis will be placed on examining those areas that can be
affected by relatively small changes in streamflow rates and levels,
temperatures,or water quality parameters and that have,in the opinion of
the field biologist,potential for significant fisheries populations or
-26-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
habitat.Areas identified as having significant biological potential and
have the potential for being affected by changes in hydrology,temperature
or water quality,will be identified for further detailed investigations.
Sampling these components will involve the use of opportunistic gear by the
distribution study team and the use of the boat electroshocker.
All of the crews will record observations made while completing the
assigned activities and provide both narrative and quantitative data where
possible to support observations as to the relative importance of certain
areas and the sensitivity of these areas to environmental changes.
4.Determine the rate of development of eggs during incubation,and
the timing of emergence and outmigration of juvenile salmon and
resident species as a function of environmental conditions.
This program is designed to provide a data base that can be used to
evaluate the effect of changes in the environment after the project comes
on line,to these stages in the life cycle of the salmon.
After egg deposition,the relative survival rate of juvenile salmon is
determined by the habitat conditions,such as temperature and water quality
that are maintained in the redd.Changes in these conditions may increase
mortality or alter the time of emergence so that juvenile salmon will
experience hostile conditions upon emergence and have significantly lower
rates of survival.
The rate of development of juvenile salmon under ambient conditions will be
studied "in situ,while monitoring simultaneously the environmental
conditions of these redds through the winter until emergence.
The outmigration timing of the juvenile salmon species in addition to the
downstream migration timing of resident juvenile species will be made by
use of a smolt trap operated above the Chulitna confluence.The smolt trap
will provide basic biological data to determine the relative condition and
stage of development of the species collected.
-27-
...._....-.---------
6/30/83 (Corrected)
The program outlined will provide answers to the following question:
What are the baseline conditions with regard to timing and
condition of outmigrating juvenile salmon and what are the
basel ine rates of development and emergence times of the early
life stages of Susitna River salmon?
In conjunction with temperature data acquisition efforts and field studies
of the Aquatic Habitat program,the following question can be addressed:
How do these development rates,emergence times,and outmigration
correlate with the natural changes in environmental conditions
measured?
The subsequent analysis of this data should provide some insight as to the
variability of the biological development and outmigrant behavior among the
different species and within a given species.
This data base can subsequently be used to evaluate changes in development
that the various species and life stages may display as a result of changes
in the thermal conditions associated with the dam.
5.Determi ne the di stribution and abundance of fi sheri es resources
within the boundaries of the proposed impoundments.
The flooding of clearwater stream reaches,the mainstem Susitna,and nearby
lakes will dramatically alter the aquatic environment that presently
supports popul ati ons of res i dent fi sh.In order to assess the potenti a1
loss of this resource and to determine the mitigation activities necessary,
the resource to be affected requires documentation to determine the nature
and extent of these populations and their dependence on particular habitat
conditions.
An active tag and recapture program was initiated during the 1981 field
season to provide an inventory of fish populations within the impoundment
zone.This coming field season will provide an opportunity to more
-28-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
accurately estimate these populations,and to examine in further detail,
the very large potential habitat within the impoundment zone that did not
receive extensive study last year.The lower section of the clear water
tributaries will be sampled again for tag recovery.The mainstem Susitna
which was not sampled during the previous year,and at least one lake that
wi 11 be inundated by the impoundment,(1 oca lly named Sally Lake)wi 11 be
sampled in more detail with the goal of obtaining a population estimate.
Sampl"ing by use of gill nets or Fyke nets to provide adequate samples for
tag and recapture estimates,or by the use of sonar equipment for survey
counts will be employed.
In general,tag recoveries should provide an estimate of intra-system
migration for the Arctic grayling tagged last year and some suggestion as
to the constancy of the populations involved in the clear water tributary
areas previously sampled.
To determine whether the reach of tributary immediately above the
impoundment zone will contain habitat similar to the habitat at the mouths
of the clear water tributaries,under present conditions,joint RJ and AH
personnel wi 11 provi de bri ef surveys of thi s reach of the tributaries to
estimate relative abundance of fish present and to make compartive
evaluations of the habitat that will be present after the impoundment is
formed.The presence of barriers to fish passage or the inundation of
existing barriers will be noted.
During the winter season,the distribution and migration of grayling will
be monitored by use of radio telemetry.Previous efforts at overwinter
sampling have produced very limited results because of difficult sampling
conditions.Fish tagged during the fall will be monitored through the
winter season in order to determine overwintering areas,and to
subsequently follow spring migration and to identify spawning areas.
Current information suggests that the fish spawn during ice out in the
spring necessitating such techniques to identify key spawning areas.
This information should provide an indication of the dependency of the
grayling populations on the mainstem Susitna for overwintering,and provide
-29-
----------_.--_._--
6/30/83 (Corrected)
an indication of how critical this habitat is for the spawning and survival
of the tributary populations.
Data analysis will consist of estimation of populations in the tributary
reaches,and evaluation of intrasystem movements using recaptured and radio
tagged fish.Spawning areas will be identified and the basic biological
data for all species collected will be summarized.New components of the
biological community or finding different from the 1981 studies will be
identified.
6.Determine the relative distribution of the invertebrate
populations and the fish food preference for selected species.
Populations of juvenile chinook,coho,sockeye and chum salmon have been
sampled in various slough habitats in the Susitna River.Because of the
potential for dewatering these habitats and restricting the rearing habitat
for these species,a preliminary study will be conducted to determine the
relative distribution of the invertebrate communities and to determine
which components of these communities are important for juvenile fish.
Of particular interest is the community occupying slow moving waters in the
slough habitats in the spring that provide a food base for chum salmon
during their short fresh water rearing cycle.The invertebrate populations
that exi st duri ng the open water season that provi de a food base for the
other salmon juveniles will also be studied.Because changes in the local
hydraulic conditions of these habitats may eliminate the food source,or
the fish may emerge earlier from the gravel because of elevated winter
water temperatures,the availability and the relative importance of the
food source for these species will provide insight into the survival of the
species under post project conditions.In addition,examination of
mainstem and tributary habitat should provide some information with regard
to the overall distribution of these invertebrate species and an improved
understanding of the possible distribution of invertebrates of the mainstem
under post project conditions.
-30-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
The major goals of this study are to provide an initial preliminary
examination of the food base,its relative distribution,and the
selectivity of chinook,coho,and chum salmon juveniles with regard to
feeding habits.Depending upon the results of this initial investigation,
the study will be directed during the 1983 field season to determine
quantitive estimates of in the food base used by these species and to
examine if the flow regimes and water quality under post project conditions
will provide an alternative food supply or possible enhancement of the
rearing potential of the system.
The study will be concentrated in the river reach above the Chul itna
confluence with invertebrate samples taken from representative sloughs
which have populations of rearing fish.Tributaries and mainstem sites
will also be sampled to provide a comparative base for understanding the
distribution of these populations.
The data will be analyzed by examination of the array of food items
ava il ab 1e versus those consumed as determi ned by stomach content ana lys is.
This will be performed for each of the general habitat types.In addition
to the invertebrate populations,three of the different habitat types will
be compared.
4.Summary of Objectives
The previous discussion has outlined selected sub-objectives that the
Resident and Juvenile Anadromous studies will be addressing.In addition
to the activities listed,support will be provided to the Aquatic Habitat
and Instream Flow programs and the Adult Anadromous programs.As much of
the data collected from all three programs is necessary for each program
segment to address the objectives established,both exchange of information
and assistance on the various overlapping components of the study will be
conducted throughout the summer and during preparation of the reports.The
details of the analytical components will be addressed in the data analysis
section of this procedure manual.
5.Fish Distribution Study
-31-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
Methods:
The methods described reflect a change in emphasis from the 1981-82
sampling program from collection of broad based distribution and biological
data of resident and juvenile anadromous fisheries,to providing a more
detailed study of the populations and factors effecting their distribution
at a limited number of sites.
Critical habitat examined in the upper and lower river areas for juvenile
and resident fisheries include the mouths of selected tributaries,side
slough areas,and limited mainstem sites.Most frequently,these sites are
classified rather arbitrarily as there is often a slough associated with
the mouth of a clear water tributary with the mainstem Susitna present at
the mouth of the sloughs.At hi gher water 1eve 1s the slough often has
mainstem Susitna water flowing through the upper end and the slough
resembles a side channel of the mainstem Susitna.
Because of the transient nature of many of the populations of resident and
juvenile fish in the Susitna river,catch rates at many of these sites
reflect migratory behavior of the population present at any point in time.
In certain areas however,the population may have recently emerged from
spawning beds near the sites and are rearing near their natal areas.
In order to evaluate the relative importance of the sites,the hydraulic
conditions present at a sampling site have been classified into zones.The
zones reflect areas of different surface velocity or orgination of water
source in the case of tributaries.The zones are then sampled
independently so that comparisions can be made in the utilization and
importance of each of the zones as well as to characterize the physical
changes in surface area,velocity,substrate,and other water quality
parameters of each of the zones over time.These changes can subsequently
be compared to the changes in discharge,water temperature,and water
quality of the mainstem Susitna.
Each of the sites have been classified into separate zones that are
illustrated in figure 4 as a typical example.The two separate
-32-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
illustrations depict a theoretical change in the spatial distribution of
the zones over time,and can be correlated with corresponding changes in
discharge,of the mainstem Susitna,tributary discharge,or ground water
discharge to the sites.The number of zones will vary at each site,
depending on the complexitity of the hydraul ic conditions that occur at
each site.
-33-
._-------_.__..._..__..
LOW FLOW
,
I,
I '
,,,
I,,,,,,,
"
-
FLOW
FREE FLOWING WATER
ZONE II •BACKWATER AREA
ZONE III •MIXING AREA
~•DIRECTION OF FLOW
Figure 4.Hypothetical map of hydraulic zones of a typical Susitna River
slough at high and low mainstem river discharge.
-34-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
Fisheries Data Collection Techniques:
Set gear to be used at each of the sites include the following:
1.Trotline
2.Five to 10 minnow traps.
The specific methods used in deploying this gear are outlined in the
technical appendix.
Additional opportunistic gear will be employed on a site by site basis.
These will include beach seines,back pack electrofishing gear,set and
drift gill nets,fish traps,and hook and line sampling.The deployment of
this gear is also outlined in the technical appendix.
The use of the opportunistic gear will depend upon site conditions and will
be deployed to make observations as to the relative distribution of species
and age classes of fish not collected by the two methods.
Standard biological measurements of the species will be made including
scale samples from representative subsamples of the collected species.All
adult resident species will be tagged and released,when possible,and
recaptured tagged fish will be recorded.Details of the data to be
recorded and field methods are included in the Data Procedures and the
technical appendix.
Physical Habitat Measurements:
At each site,the surface area of each of the hydraul ic zones wi 11 be
delineated with the date and time noted.Delineations will be on high
resolution aerial photographs or maps of the area.Time and date data will
be used later to determine the discharge of the mainstem of the reach of
river influencing the hydraulic conditions at the respective site.
Staff gages installed at each site will be recorded during each visit.
Details on staff gage installation and data analysis are addressed in the
-35-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
Aquatic Habitat procedures manual.These data will ultimately reflect the
distribution of velocities of the water column in each zone.
Al so the velocities of each zone that represent the areas fi shed by the
minnow traps are estimated by a series of point measurements of velocities
with a velocity meter.The areas being fished by the traps are
occasionally examined by fluorescene dye placed in the traps to determine
the dispersion of the scent of the bait in the traps.A single
representative velocity is recorded for all of the replicate samples with
in each zone.Velocity measurements are recorded in accordance within the
procedures outlined in the Aquatic Habitat procedures manual.
The dominant substrate within each zone that is associated with the area
fi shed by the mi nnow traps is recorded.If the substrate is compactly
embedded in finer material ,it is noted on the data form.Other comments on
substrate are included in the field data.
The turbidity is also measured in the area being fished by the minnow
traps.Other water quality parameters that are recorded for each zone
include dissolved oxygen,pH,conductivity,air and water temperature.
Details of these techniques are outlined in the Aquatic Habitat procedures
manual.
The zones are also characterized as to the relative amount of cover present
and type.The micro-habitat within the zones is to be sampled similarly
among the different zones.When this is not possible because of the
presence or absence of different types of micro-habitat,such as cover,the
differences between the zones are noted in the field notes.
Field Notes:
Because of the wide diversity in characteristics between the different
habitat locations being sampled,much of the interpretation of the data and
important information is not subject to standardized data collection
procedures.Therefore,the observations of the biologists and the
formulation of hypothesis as to the factors influencing the distribution
-36-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
and abundance of the important fish species in these areas will be
performed by the field biologists conducting the surveys.
Detailed daily field notes to be kept will address at a minimum,the
fo 11 owi ng items:
1.Hydraulic conditions.
This will include preparation of a narrative that describes the
different zones and factors that affect the hydraulic conditions
and their distribution within each site.Changes between
sampling periods and other phenomena such as changes in channel
morphology caused by high water,or icing conditions will also be
recorded.A description as to how the changes in discharge of
the mainstem have affected the hydraulics of a site will also be
noted in general terms.Problems with the data base recorded or
keys to assist in its interpertation will also be noted.
2.
3.
Temperature,turbidity,and miscellaneous physical data.
This section will discuss any needed information in interpreting
the temperature data,turbi di ty data,and cover or substrate
descriptions on the data sheets.Factors such as observed
upwell i ng of ground water ,unusual readi ngs or other conditi ons
that depart from the expected and hypotheses as to the cause of
the anomalies will be described.Any other unusual physical
contlitions that may affect the distribution and abundance of the
fisheries in the area will be included.
Biology.
This section will include any observations that are pertinent to
the objectives of this study with regard to the fisheries.
Observed fish,that were not collected and their distribution
within the zones and any additional intereptation required for
the collected specimens will be included.The narrative should
-37-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
also include departures in distribution from previous sampling
periods and new phemomena observed that are of particular
interest to the objectives of the study.Hypothesis as to the
factors that are,in the opinion of the field biologist,
influencing the abundance and distribution of the fisheries
within the area will be described.
The notes will be recorded so a continual journal of the events occuring at
a site through the open water season can be followed from one sampl ing
peri od to another.The response of the fi sheri es and of the phys i ca 1
condition within each site can be followed over time and can then be
described with regard to hydraulic changes that differ from sampling period
to sampling period.
Any other field notes that will assist in the interpetation of the data may
also be recorded during the sampling periods.These field notes will
provide the basis for preparation of the final reports on the fisheries of
these areas and the response of the fisheries to changes in habitat that
occur during the course of the field season.
Study Locations:
Tentative locations of the 1982/83 field season sampling program during the
open water period are outlined on the following map of the Susitna river.
(Figures 5 -7).These sites have been chosen to reflect the following
conditions.
1.Areas that wi 11 be affected by changes in di scharge of the
mainstem Susitna.
2.Sites identified from previous studies to have significant
populations of resident and juvenile anadromous species.
-38-
SC.ALE
"E3::::::J=:CE30==:=:=:=::::JS,"Ill...Fa FA t=:L:.
-'
....
KEY
-
N
t
Figure 5.Susitna River Resident and ,luvenile Anadromous fish sampling
sites (Deshka River to Sunshine Creek),1982.
-39-
-------------_.-----------------------
-
~/~~'
~"5I4e~","o.J
N
t
KEY
+Flo"Dlalrlbullon 511.
5",o11 T'AO
sc "'l£
.5 0 5 HilES
P"-3 _~".':'s':r:::-CC.=_:-=.====.:...=..=.:..'":=='::J
Figure 6.Susitna River Resident and Juvenile An~dromous fish samplinq
sites (Birch Creek Slough to Gold Creek),1982.
-40-
N
t
KEY
+"h..Dhtrib.Uoft SU.
SCA.LE
5EE3a::::EE3a::::E&33::°========:::5'"'I.£~
Figure 7.Susitna River Resident and Juvenile Anadromous fish sampling
sites (Sherman to Portage Creek).1982
-4·1-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
3.Access to areas will not create severe logistic problems and
limit the overall scope of the studies.
4.Sites selected represent a cross section of critical habitat
available to resident and juvenile anadromous fish of the Susitna
River.
During the course of the field season,sites that have been selected may be
altered or new ones added if such action will help in meeting the overall
objectives of this investigation.
During the winter season,fish distribution patterns change significantly.
The study sites planned for the coming winter will be more restrictive in
number with more intensive investigations conducted as to absolute
populations using certain areas.These sites will be based on observations
of the distribution this fall and upon evaluation of previous years winter
data.These sites will also meet the previously listed criteria.
Schedule of Activities and Frequency of Sampling:
Each of the habitat locations being san"pled will be revisted on twice a
month schedule,commencing during the first week in June,up until
freeze-up.This will provide about eight to 10 sampling periods for each
site.During the ice covered period,the sampling program will be limited
to a smaller number of sites and a once per month schedule employed.
Intensive sampling with the use of a variety of techniques will be employed
during this period.
Processing of data will be an ongoing activity during the sampling period
with data analysis,summarization,and report preparation commencing
immediately after freeze-up.Field trip reports will be completed
immediately after each sampling trip and will be limited to highlighting
the findings of each sampling trip.Data forms will be reviewed and
submitted to the data processing unit immediately upon completion of each
sampl i ng tri p for entry into the project computer data base.The draft
report will be completed by the 30th of January 1983.
-42-
-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
Contingencies or Alternatives:
During the course of the summer field program,alternative methods for
sampling or changes in study sites will be employed when it has been
determined that the overall objectives of the fish distribution study can
be best met through modifications of the existing program.On occasion,
limited,one time experiments will be performed to test the limitations of
sampling methods,or hypotheses as to the validity of assumptions regarding
the importance of selected factors affecting the distribution and abundance
of species.In addition,examination of additional selected sites will be
performed on a limited basis when answers to specific questions regarding
how important a site is for a species or other information regarding the
overall objectives can be obtained with minimal additional effort.
Examples of such alternative studies include determination of the catch
rate of minnow traps over a 24 hour set period;examination of the
distribution of rearing coho or sockeye in the Gash Creek -Lake area,and
noting and mapping the wetted area and dewatering of habitat locations
beyond those included in the sampling program.Such incidental studies
will be used to provide additional information for addressing the overall
objectives of the planned investigation.
6.Electrofishing and Tagging Surveys
Three electrofishing boats will be utilized to conduct electrofishing on
the Susitna River,between Cook Inlet and Devil Canyon from ice out to
freeze-up,1982.
During cooperative studies among the various project segments,the
electrofishing boats will each be assigned to a defined reach of the river.
Two or three Aquatic Habitat,Resident Juvenile and Adult Anadromous
biologists will be assigned to each electrofishing crew,with possible
exchanging of personnel.Field stations will be located at Yentna,
Sunshine,Talkeetna,and Gold Creek.
-43-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
Electrofishing will also be used to collect adult resident fish in the
lower Susitna River during August and September for implantation of radio
tags in conjunction with the Radio Telemetry Study.
Methods:
Using the boat mounted electroshocker,adult resident fish and juvenile
fish will be systematically collected.Each specimen will be identified,
measured for fork length,(or total length for juvenile salmon),tagged and
then rel eased.The sex wi 11 be recorded and a scale sampl e wi 11 also be
collected,for adult specimens.
Scales will be taken from a subsample of each species of resident and
juveni 1e anadromous fi sh caught duri ng each sampl i ng day.The subsampl e
will consist of the first 20 fish of each species and 10 percent of those
fish of each species thereafter.
Field notes will be recorded daily to document factors which influence the
distribution and abundance of these species.
During 1981,1,550 adult resident fish were tagged with Floy anchor and
di sk dangl er tags between Cook Inl et and Devil Canyon.In additi on,713
Bering cisco were also tagged with Floy anchor tags.
During 1982 emphasis will be placed on tagging more fish than was tagged in
1981.This will be accomplished primarily by the addition,of three crews
using electrofishing boats to capture more fish and put out a greater
number of tags.
Tagging of adult resident fish will be accomplished by the following means:
1.Resident and Juvenile Anadromous fish distribution studies.
2.Study team using electroshocking boats.
3.Catches by fishwheel operations.
-44-
_.
6/30/83 (Corrected)
Two types of tags will be utilized,Floy anchor and disk dangler.Resident
adul t species to be Floy anchor tagged are humpback and round whitefi sh,
longnose suckers,rainbow trout,Arctic grayling,and Dolly Varden.Burbot
will be disk dangler or Floy anchor tagged.
All adult resident fish that appear to have successfully recovered from the
effects of capture and are longer than a minimum size will be tagged.
Minimum fork length for adult resident fish to be Floy tagged will be
150 mm.The minimum total length of burbot to be disk dangler or Floy
tagged will be 225 mm.
Floy anchor tags will be inserted by a Floy tagging gun into the adult
resident fish between the lateral line and the posterior ray of the dorsal
fin.Tagging of burbot will be accomplished with a disk dangler type tag
using methods described by Mauney,(1965)and Rounsefell,(1963).
Insertion of the disk dangler tag will be between the dorsal fin and the
lateral line in the posterior 20 percent of the burbot.Abbreviated
instructions for the attaching the disc dangler are in the Appendix IV.
Recovery of tags placed on adult resident fish will be accomplished by the
following means:
1.Resident and Juvenile Anadromous distribution studies.
2.Electrofishing boats.
3.The angling public will be requested to return recovered tags or
report the tag number to Fish and Game with information regarding
catch date,location,and if the fish was released.The public
will be informed of the tagging program by:1)news released to
the media.2)RJ Susitna Hydro staff.3)posters placed in
locations frequented by anglers.
4.Adult Anadromous fishwheel operations.
Study Locations:
-45-
,----------.,'"'~
6/30/83 (Corrected)
Areas to be electrofished will be field selected in the mainstem Susitna
River and its side channels and sloughs between Cook Inlet to Devil Canyon
when the conductivity is sufficient.
In addition to the selected sites sampled,specific locations will be
sampled once every two weeks by the Resident Juvenile and Aquatic Habitat,
electrofishing crews.During August 1 to September 15,all three crews
will electrofish at these sites which include the designated habitat
locations of the fish distribution studies.Sampling effort at each of the
habitat location should not exceed one hour total time including handling
of catch and data recording.
Schedule of Activities and Frequency of Sampling:
The field season will be broken into three time periods during which
various project priorities such as resident fish or adult anadromous fish
will be addressed.These three time periods will be ice out to July 31,
August 1 to September 15,and September 16 to freeze up.During both the
ice out to July 31 and September 16 to freeze up time periods,the
individual project boats will be operated at the discretion of each of
their respective project's leaders.From August 1 to September 15 all
three boats and their crews will conduct slough and mainstem Susitna River
anadromous spawning distribution studies.
7.Radio Telemetry Studies
Five rainbow trout and five burbot were each internally implanted with a
model 4500L Smith Root low frequency radio transmitter in October,1981 for
an experimental radio telemetry program on the Susitna River.
The purpose of the program was to determine if resident fish could be
successfully radio tagged internally and monitored on the Susitna River
over the wi nter of 1981-82.The results from the data of thi s program
provided a basis for determining the feasibility of expanding the program
in 1982-83.
-46-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
The data from this experimental radio telemetry program suggests expansion
of the radio telemetry program in 1982-83 will be valuable to observe
intersystem movement and establish overwintering habitat.
Methods:
During 1982-83,80 radio tags will be deployed.Forty radio tags will be
implanted in Arctic grayling,rainbow trout,and burbot between Talkeetna
and Devil Canyon,and 40 in Arctic grayling captured in the proposed
impoundment area.Implantation of the 80 radio tags will utilize the same
techniques and procedures that were used in 1981.
Study Locations:
The study sites will be between the Chulitna confluence and Devil Canyon or
the reach of river above the Devil Canyon dam site or tributaries within
these areas.
Tagging crews will radio tag healthy adult resident species collected from
within the mainstem or tributaries.Actual selection of tagging sites will
be based on the other distributional data collected during 1981 and 1982
field seasons.
Schedule of Activities and Frequency of Sampling:
The fish in the Susitna River below Devil Canyon will be captured by
electrofishing during August and September and implanted with model 4500L
Smith Root radio tags.
The 40 Arctic grayling to be radio tagged in the impoundment will be
captured by hook and line during August and September.The radio tags to
be implanted in these fish will have a tag life expenctancy of nine months.
Monitoring of the radio tagged fish to establish movement patterns will be
conducted every ten to 30 days by boat,airplane or snowmobile,until the
tag batteries are discharged.
-47-
_________.0_.,,,,.',,-----------_._--
6/30/83 (Corrected)
Contingencies and Alternatives:
Beginning in January,attempts will be made to recapture the radio tagged
fish with gill nets and trotlines.This will be done in order to help
locate overwintering habitats of resident fish and to observe and define
these habitats.
Experimental use of hoop nets will be employed to determine if they can be
used to collect adult residents during the winter and summer periods.
8.Juvenile Incubation,Emergence,and Outmigration Studies
Methods:
The methods described outline the techniques to be used for the smolt trap
and winter incubation and emergence studies only.Data collected from the
fish distribution study and electrofishing surveys pertinent to this
objective will be incorporated into the final reports.
The studies will address all juvenile anadromous species and select
juvenile resident species occurring in the reach of river above the
Chulitna confluence,with the main emphasis on the anadromous salmon
species and resident species that spawn in habitats associated with the
mainstem.
The study will be divided into two components;the outmigrant study during
the open water period,and the incubation and emergence study which will be
conducted during the winter season of 1982/83.Separate reports will be
prepared which address these two elements.
Outmigration will be sampled by a 4.5 foot wide inclined plane mobile smolt
trap,located in the mainstem Susitna near river mile 103.The trap will
be begin operation on the 18th of June and will continue operation until
freeze up or river ice conditions prevent further operation.Operation
will resume in the spring of 1983 upon breakup.The trap is designed to
operate at variable depths up to a maximum of four feet.Depth will be set
-48-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
by field exper"imentation.Placement in current and fishing position will
also be determined by field experiment.Schedule for time fished while in
operation will depend upon maintenance requirements.
Data collected at the traps will include species number,lengths,distance
from shore,depth fished,fate of captured fish,representative age
classification by scale samples,and time fished.Variables that will be
used to measure outmigrant capture rates will include Gold Creek discharge,
temperature,diurnal timing,turbidity,seasonal timing,horizontal and
vertical distribution in the water column,and weather conditions.Data
not collected at the smolt trap will be obtained from the Aquatic Habitat
program or other Su Hydro study group responsible for collection of the
particular data elements (R&M,USGS,etc.).Data will be analyzed
primarily by species and age class.
Incubation and emergence studies will be conducted in the upper river
habitat locations that have had redd locations identified or spawning
determined to occur by resident species.The study will involve obtaining
limited samples of developing eggs by redd pumping or excavation at sites
being monitored for intragravel temperature by the Aquatic Habitat study
group.Electrofishing gear will be used to sample emerging alevins in the
spring.Thennal data and development information will be transferred to
the group conducti ng a 1aboratory incubation study with the intragravel
temperatures being transferred to this organization on a weekly basis if
such a study is funded by the Alaska Power Authority.
Species to be included in the development will include sockeye,chum,and
pink salmon if sufficient redds are located for a complete sampling program
for each species in areas that may be affected by the mainstem or
temperature changes.Data recorded will include numbers and percentages of
eggs or juveniles at various stages of development at each sampling site,
for each species.
Habitat data will be collected in accordance with the procedures
established in the Aquatic Habitat procedures section.Data will include
water quality,surface and intragravel water temperatures,air
-49-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
temperatures,redd substrate composition,and surface velocities at the
redd locations.
Field trip reports will be prepared on a regular schedule and will be the
basis for data transfer from the field.Monthly summaries of significant
fi ndi ngs wi 11 be prepared from these reports.The draft of the fi na 1
report will be prepared by January 30th,1983 and will be 1imited to the
open water sampling period.A final report on the incubation and emergence
studies will be submitted by June 30th,1983,which will cover the winter
field sampling period.
Study Locations:
The study sites for the incubation and emergence study will be confined to
the reach of river above Talkeetna pending final information on the thermal
regime below the Chulitna confluence area.The outmigrants moving through
the mainstem will be sampled with the smolt trap placed in the lower area
of river near the Talkeetna Adult Anadromous sonar site (RM 103).A second
trap may be installed in the spring of 1983,depending upon the success of
the trap during the 1982 field season.
Incubation and emergence studies will be conducted during the fall and
winter of 1982 through the spring of 1983 at selected study sites in the
upper river above the outmigrant trap site.These sites will be selected
based upon observations of adult spawners during the summer of 1982.
Tentative sites include sloughs 21,11,9,and 8A.Additional sites will
be included as determined by adult usage.
Schedule of Activities:
The smolt trap w·ill be installed by June 18,1982 and will continue fishing
until freeze up.It will again be in place immediately after breakup in
the spring of 1983 and continue through the 1983 field season.The trap
will be operated on a continuous schedule with intermediate down periods
for personnel time schedules and for maintenance.
-50-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
The incubati on and emergence survey wi 11 commence immedi ately after the
spawning season and will continue through the winter of 1982/83.Sampling
intervals of twice a month will be employed during the late winter period.
Contingencies and Alternatives:
Depending on the success of the smolt trap the alternatives that may be
employed,include,mid channel trawling for juvenile,Fyke netting at the
mouth of selected sloughs or tributaries,small smolt traps on the mouths
of tributari es,or modifi cations and improvements to the exi sti ng trap.
Further,a juvenile mark recapture experimental program,designed to mark
populations from selected slough habitats for later recapture may also be
·investigated as to its feasibility.This would be designed to obtain
estimates of local populations of fry as well as information on the overall
survival and contribution of these habitats to the overall stock of the
Susitna River.
9.Food Habits Study Invertebrate and Distribution Study
Methods:
Juvenile chum,coho,chinook and sockeye salmon will be collected by minnow
traps,beach seines,or electrofishing gear at selected sampling sites.
These specimens will preserved in 10 percent formalin solution for further
analysis in the laboratory.Data to be collected include species,date of
collection,length,and site location of collection.The stomachs will be
removed and contents analyzed for invertebrate taxa.Taxonomi cleve1 of
i dentifi cati on will be generally to the fami ly 1eve 1 but wi 11 be reduced
further when possible.
Invertebrates will be collected by three methods.A drift net set will be
operated at each site for a time period which will be dependent on debris
loads and catch rates of drift invertebrates.Preferably,a set will be
made for 24 hours.Set 1ocati ons wi 11 be .j n the approx·imate area of
juvenile collection sites.Additionally,a "kick"screen sample of
invertebrates will be collected at each site.These samples will cover a
-51-
.-._-------
6/30/83 (Corrected)
sufficient segment of riffle habitat conditions to provide a representative
makeup of the available taxa and sufficient numbers to describe frequency
of numbers.Finally,a plankton tow net will be used to collect
zooplankton at sites with low velocity water and that have rearing juvenile
chum or sockeye salmon.All samples will be preserved with a 10 percent
formalin solution.
Invertebrates will generally be identified to genus with the family
Chironomidae grouped at the family level only.All of the samples
collected by different methods will be analyzed separately,obtaining
frequency for each taxa with respect to the overall invertebrate community
composition.
Study Locations:
Six study sites will be used for collection that represent three different
general habitat types.These include clear water tributary sites,slough
sites,and mainstem sites.
Tentative site selection include sites only above the Chulitna confluence.
Indian River,Fourth of July Creek,Slough 11,Slough 20,and mainstem
sites in side channels near Slough 11 and Slough 20 are the preliminery
sampling sites.
Schedule of Activities and Frequency of Sampling:
The sampling program will commence in mid-June for chum salmon and will be
concentrated in July and August for the other species.Sampling periods
will be scheduled twice each month beginning in July through September for
a total of six sampling periods.It is anticipated that the number of
species collected will be sufficient for detailed analysis of coho and
chinook juveniles only.Chum data will be from collection periods in June
only during the 1982 field season.During 1983,collection of chum
juveniles will begin at breakup and be on a weekly interval until July 1,
1983.
-52-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
Sockeye and chum samples will be supplemented for analysis by collection
from the smolt trap installed in the lower river.These will be used for
comparative purposes with site specific collections only.Twenty-five
juveniles per sampling site per period will be collected during the July -
September time frame,for Chinook and coho juveniles only.Fifty chums and
up to 25 preserved sockeye juveniles per site will have their stomach
contents analyzed.
Contingencies and Alternatives:
Depending on the timing of sockeye and chum salmon emergence,these species
may not be included in the 1982 open water analysis and will be intensively
sampled only during the 1983 season.Plankton net tows will be
discontinued if not proven effective.
Depending on information on the distribution and abundance of juveniles
determined by the distribution study program,alternative sites may be
selected,or changes in sampling frequency implemented.Limited
collections during the winter season of juvenile coho and chinook may also
be made for stomach content analysis if it is determined this will provide
useful information.If preliminary sampling during the winter period
indicates active feeding,the proposed study will extend through the winter
months.
Obtaining sufficient coho and chinook juveniles to obtain the 25 per
sampling period may not be possible.If insufficent numbers are not
collected that may be directly comparable to the invertebrate samples,
additional stomachs will be obtained from the outmigrant trap.These will
be evaluated separately from the samples collected near the sites of the
invertebrate collections and will be used for comparative purposes.
10.Impoundment Area Studies
The impoundment surveys during the ice free months (May to September)1982
will be conducted primarily on foot utilizing helicopter,river boat,and
raft support.The impoundment crew will consist of two Resident Juvenile
-53-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
biol ogi sts and two Aquatic Habitat bi 01 ogi sts operati ng
camp located at the mouth of Watana Creek (R.M.194.1).
sampl ing wi 11 be conducted on the mainstem Susitna as
summer 1981 level of effort.
Methods:
from fi xed base
Relatively more
compa red to the
At the eight major tributary study locations,all sampling above the
confluence will be conducted by hook and line.At tributary mouths,
mainstem sites,and lakes,gear fished will potentially include the
following;minnow traps,trout lines,variable mesh gillnets,seines,
electroshockers,and hook and line.Set gear will be fished for 24 to 48
hours.The "habitat location"will include the reach of each tributary
stream studied from the area of the major clearwater influence with the
Susitna River upstream to the point at the proposed impoundment elevation.
This "habitat location"will be divided into three distinct types based on
their physical characteristics:
1.The confluence habitat encompasses that area of the Susitna River
below the mouth of the tributary which is influenced by the
tributary stream flow,the mixing area,and that area of the
tributary which is influenced by the rise/fall of the Susitna
River.
2.The pool habitat is comprised of the large pools between the
tributary mouth and the proposed impoundment elevation where the
bulk of the resident fish have been observed to reside.
3.The riffle habitat will include those stretches of each tributary
located between the major pool areas in the reach between the
tributary mouth and the impoundment elevation.These areas are
comprised of smaller pools,rock eddies,riffles,and whitewater.
The mouth area is self explanatory.The pool areas will be designated by
the biologists in the field,permanently marked,recorded,and described.
-54-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
The riffle areas will then be the stretches of stream between the
designated pools.
Aerial photography of the entire habitat location correlated with map
contours and elevations will then allow tributary river miles for each area
to be calculated,and a scaled map to be drawn.
Pool habitat sites will be calculated on the basis of the total number
identified.Riffles will be calculated as the total length of stream miles
in which they are located.
Sampling will be conducted (for population estimate purposes)on a set
percentage of pool and riffle areas,to be determined during the June trip.
Succeeding trips will sample the same areas.The mouth area will be
sampled in its entirety.
A population estimate will be conducted on Sally Lake for designated
resident species in addition to collecting basic water quality data.Any
other small lakes in the proposed impoundment area will be test netted to
determine species present.Random sampl ing of the Clarence Lake system
will be conducted to determine if there is any movement of grayling between
the lake and lower Kosina Creek.
Study Locations:
The study locations for the summer 1982 impoundment surveys include:the
eight major tributary streams (upstream)from their confluence with the
Susitna River to the proposed level of impoundment;five mainstem sites
located between the mouth of Deadman Creek (R.M.186.7)and the mouth of
Jay Creek (R.M.208.5);and Sally Lake.As time permits,additional lakes
both inside and outside the proposed impoundment boundary will be assessed.
Schedule of Activities and Frequency of Sampling:
Surveys of the proposed impoundment area will be conducted in May,June,
July,August and September 1982.
-55-
,--------~.._.--_._.,."...
6/30/83 (Corrected)
Sampling will be conducted once a month at each of the study locations.
Sampling trips are scheduled for 15 days per month.
Contigencies or Alternatives:
An alternative method of sampling the tributary mouths and mainstem
locations utilizing a boat-mounted electroshocker is proposed for month of
July or August.
An alternative method of gathering the required data necessary for a viable
population estimate in the lakes utilizing a boat-mounted sonar device is
also being considered.
Based on the relative lack of success encountered utilizing standard
sampling procedures during winter 1980-81 and 1981-82 studies,and the high
degree of success attained with winter 1981-82 radio telemetry studies,
this program will be implemented in the impoundment area.Arctic grayling
will be the target species.Radio transmitter implantation will be
conducted in September before freeze-up and radio tracking at periodic
intervals will continue through May 1983.Details of radio telemetry
procedures are described in the radio telemetry section.
11.Level of Effort
A schematic of the administrative structure and manpower distribution of
Resident Juven"ile personnel for fiscal 1983 is given in Figure 8.The
staff of Resident Juvenile currently includes one Fisheries Biologist III,
six Fisheries Biologist Ills,and five Fisheries Biologist l's.Three
additional Fisheries Biologist l's are scheduled to be hired in July with
fiscal 1983 funds.Personnel will be assigned as needed between the
various sub-projects.
-56-
Project Leader
PCN 4194
FBIII,121l1ll
Data Processing Coordinator
PCN 4204
FBI r.121l1ll
PCN 4184
FB I I.121l1ll
PCN 4216
FBI.61l1ll
PCN 4206
FBII,121l1ll
PCN 4198
FBI,121l1ll
PCN 4203
FB I,121l1ll
PCN 4199
FB I.91l1ll
PCN ine6)FB ,Il1ll
PCN 4205
FBIl,121l1ll
PCN 4202
FB I,121l1ll
PCN 4200
FB II.121l1ll
PCN 4212
FBI,gll1ll
I-----I------I~.---------,---I --------,1
Electroshocking &Incubation,Impoundment Fish Distribution Food Habits
Radio Telemetry Emergant.&Study Study Study
Study Outmigrant Study
PCN 4201
FB II.121l1ll
PCN 4197
FBI.121l1ll
Fiaure 8.Phase II Resident and Juvenile Anadromous Fisheries Project.
Adminsitrative Structure and Manpower Distribution F.Y.'83,
July I,1983 to June 30,1983.
-57-
---------_._.<----
6/30/83 (Corrected)
C.AQUATIC HABITAT AND INSTREAM FLOW STUDIES
1.Study Description and Rationale
During FY 82 Aquatic Habitat and Instream Flow (AH)investigations were
initiated to begin the process of identifying:
1.Fish habitats in the study area;
2.Seasonal relationships between mainstem discharge of the Susitna
River and the physical and chemical characteristics of these fish
habitats;and
3.Seasonal relationships between mainstem discharge of the Susitna
River and fish distribution and abundance.
The FY 83 Reimbursable Services Agreement (RSA)provides a basic outline of
the field studies proposed for the upcoming year.Much of this work is a
continuation of that begun during the FY 82 program,and is expected to
continue through FY 84.This section of the procedures manual will further
describe the FY 83 AH component of these studies and the rationale behind
the approach proposed for this field season.Methods described reflect
only those changes from procedures established in FY 82.
AH data collected in FY 83 will be categorized as Fishery Habitat Uti-
lization or Instream Flow data,the difference being in the application of
the data.Physical and chemical data which will be related to fish will be
defined as Fish Habitat Utilization Data.Physical and chemical data which
are related to other physical and chemical data (e.g discharge vs.
turbidity or stage vs.discharge)will be defined as Instream Flow Data.
Fish Habitat Util ization itudies are addressed in objective 1 and 2 and
sub-objectives 1,2 and ..4"bel0\1r Instream Flow studies are addressed in
objective 3 and sub-objectives a and 6 below.Aquatic Habitat studies in
the proposed impoundment area addresses sub-objective 5,with all three
objectives being addressed.
-58-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
2.Scope by Geographical Reach of the Susitna River
The project study area includes those portions of the Susitna River that
may be directly affected by the construction and operation of the Watana
and Devil Canyon Dams.For purposes of the FY 83 ADF&G Aquatic Studies
program,the project study area is sub-divided into three principal
geographical areas.These are the reaches of the Susitna River from the
~ook Inlet estuary to the Chulitna/Susitna River confluence (Talkeetna),
Ta"lkeetna to Devil Canyon,and Devil Canyon to the Tyone River.The first
two are also referred to as lower river study areas and the third,the
upper river or impoundment study area.All study sites referred to in this
narrative are designated on a map (Figure 9).
3.Scope of FY 83 Program by Objective
The overall scope of the AH studies remains unchanged from the FY 82
studies.The principal objectives of the AH component are to:
1.Characterize the seasonal spawning,incubation,rearing,and
passage habitats of selected anadromous and resident species
within the study area (Fish Habitat Utilization Studies)*;
2.Identify the physical and chemical conditions associated with
changes in mainstem discharge of the Susitna River which appear
to be influencing the suitability of various habitat types for
the species and life history stages of interest (Fish Habitat
Utilization Studies)*;
3.Characterize the relationships between changes in mainstem
discharge and the physical and chemical parameters of the various
habitat types found in the study area (Instream Flow Studies).
*Refer also to RJ and AA Procedures Manual Sections and addendums.
-59-
·...c.~::.:~
~
PRINCIPAL SUSITNA RIVER
MAINSTEM and TRIBUTARY
STUDY SITE LOCATIONS
FY83
o -STUDT SITE
T -THERMOG""PH SITE
se....-_.'00.000
AL.S."O(PT 0''ISM AND Ga ..[
SU 101'0_0 .0""TIC SfuDI[S PfIIlOG';U,1oI
aQuAnc ......ITAr AND '"Sf..:......fl.OW'SfUOl(S...
~-.
Fi gure 9.FY 83 principle Aquati~Ha~itat ~pd Instre;m Flow
study site locations~h ~~~
-60-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
The following section outlines sub-objectives and field studies necessary to
continue working towards meeting these general objectives in FY 83.Specific
techniques to be employed in the sampling procedure are outlined in the FY 82
draft of this procedure manual and this addendum.It is anticipated that the
following sub-objectives can be accomplished during FY 83 through an
integrated ADF&G,R&M,and AEIDC program.These sub-objectives include:
1.Determine the influence that various mainstem streamflows have on
selected mainstem spawning and incubating habitats between Cook
Inlet and Devil Canyon during the open water and ice covered
seasons;
2.Determine the influence that various mainstem streamflows have on
the availability of spawning,incubation,rearing,and passage
habitat in selected side slough habitats in the Talkeetna to
Devil Canyon reach of the Susitna River;
3.Identify the ranges of point specific hydraulic and water quality
parameters of spawning habitats used by adult anadromous fish
populations;
4.Monitor the thermal regimes of the mainstem river,side channels
and sloughs upstream of Talkeetna to define possible
relationships between mainstem surface and intragravel water
temperatures,or between mainstem surface water temperatures and
the surface or intergravel water temperatures in the side
channels and slough areas;
5.Identify and characterize the seasonal habitats utilized by the
fish species present within the boundaries of the proposed
impoundments;
6.Provide technical support to RJ habitat related studies.
-61-
----------"~.-.-._-._--~-----
6/30/83 (Corrected)
Sub-Objective 1
The AH spawning habitat evaluations that will be undertaken on the Susitna
River during the FY 83 open water field season between Cook Inlet and the
Devil Canyon will principally focus on the river reach between Talkeetna
and Dev"il Canyon.
Studies will focus on identifying the significant physical and chemical
characteristics of mainstem habitats utilized by anadromous fish,
principally salmon,and resident fish for spawning.Attempts will also be
made to identify the relationship between changes in mainstem discharge and
temperature and the extent,timi ng,and number of salmon present in the
mainstem.Defining the actual responses of mainstem habitats utilized for
spawning to incremental changes in mainstem streamflow is beyond the scope
of this study.
Mainstem spawning habitats of the following anadromous species will be
investigated:chum,pink,coho,and sockeye salmon,eulachon and Bering
cisco.Spawning habitat of resident species (principally rainbow trout and
burbot)will also be investigated (incidental observation of spawning by
other species will also be evaluated).
Sub-Objective 2
FY 82 investigations indicated that the availability of various fish
habitat and access to and from sloughs in this reach of river were related
to rna i nstem di scharge.Habitat rel ationshi ps to juveni 1e anadromous fi sh
will be evaluated by the RJ study team.AH FY 83 field studies which will be
undertaken in the Talkeetna to Devil Canyon reach of the Susitna River during
the FY 83 open water season,wi 11 pri nci pa lly focus on adult anadromous
spawning in side slough habitats.Relationships will be determined between
seasonal mainstem discharges at Gold Creek and the quantity and quality of
salmon spawning habitat available to and utilized by adult spawners in the
side sloughs.These relationships,when examined in conjunction with other
information,will provide the basis for an incremental evaluation of project
effects on side slough habitat.
-62-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
Areas conveying flow in three side sloughs (8A,9,and 21)will be intensively
studied to determine the effects of changes in mainstem discharge on the
physiochemical attributes of adult salmon habitat.Each slough will be
subdivided into three habitat zones based upon prevalent hydraulic
characteristics.These zones will be identified by direct observation as
listed below:
1.Areas of sloughs that convey flow from tributaries,ground water,or
mainstem overflow with no appreciable influence of backwater from
the water surface elevation of the mainstem;
2.Areas of sloughs that are periodically influenced by backwater
conditions attributable to changes in water surface elevations of
the mainstem Susitna.At certain slough mouths and dur"ing periods
of low flow in the mainstem Susitna these areas will be very limited
or non-existent;
mixing zones.Local velocity
principally influenced by the
3.Areas at slough mouths that are
patterns in these areas are
mainstem flow.
Transects will be established in zone one at each study slough to characterize
spawning habitat and hydraulic characteristics of the area.Headpins will be
installed by ADF&G and cross-sections surveyed along each transect to describe
the general shape of the slough channel.All elevations at a particular study
site will be referenced to the project datum established by R&M Consultants.
Depth and velocity measurements at fixed intervals along the established
transects will be obtained in accordance with standard field procedures
required for IFG-4 type hydraulic analysis (Bovee and Milhouse 1978,Bovee
1982).These data will be reviewed shortly after collection and converted
to the proper format for computer processing as outlined by Trihey and
Wegner (1981).Pre-project hydraulic analysis will be computer generated by
ADF&G as discussed in the Data Procedures section.The analytical methodology
and techniques for the habitat model are based on the PHABSIM incremental flow
methodology (Bovee 1982,Wesche et al.1980).
-63-
"'"~'-'-,------
6/30/83 (Corrected)
Substrate composition and spawning redds will be visually evaluated and
denoted on field maps.During late September,foot surveys will be con-
ducted to identify areas of groundwater upwelling.This information will
be used in conjunction with hydraulic measurements (stage,discharge,
depth,and velocity)to determine the relationship between mainstem dis-
charge and the availability of suitable spawning areas in these sloughs.
Adult salmon passage conditions from the mainstem into and within the
sloughs well be evaluated by establishing thaleweg profiles through all
three zones.Study of juvenile anadromous fish in the three slough study
zones are discussed in the RJ study section.
Sub-Objective 3
Point specific physical and chemical data will be collected and evaluated
to determine the types and ranges of habitat characteristics which are
utilized by adult anadromous spawners.These data will be required by the
AEIDC for predi cti ng the impacts of vari ous flow regimes on fi sh habitat
suitability.Point specific data will be collected from the Cook Inlet
estuary to the Devil Canyon reach of the Susitna River at the slough and
spawning locations previously discussed in sub-objectives one and two.
Sampling methods will be employed which permit observation of the fish
within in the habitat they are occupying.Further detail on field
techniques is provided in the FY 82 Procedures Manual and this addendum
(ADF&G 1982a).
Sub-Objective 4
Evaluation of FY 82 surface and intragravel water temperature data indicat-
ed the importance of collecting additional data on a year-round basis.
These data are required to evaluate the ability of computer models developed
by project engineers to calculate pre-project surface water temperature
conditions and insure the models are properly calibrated.Eventually,the
model will be important to the AEIDC impact analysis team for predicting
post-project temperature related impacts.
-64-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
The temperature of the mainstem Susitna River and its major tributaries
will be monitored through the open water field season at several locations
using Ryan model J-90 thermographs and Omnidata DP 2301 recorders.These data
will principally be collected upstream of the Parks Highway bridge with
additional emphasis given to the impoundment zone.These data will describe
the thermal regime of the mainstem itself.
In addition,conti nuous surface and i ntragrave1 water temperature data wi 11
be obtained from several known spawning areas throughout the winter of
1982-83 and into the spring and summer of 1983.Temperatures will be
monitored using Omnidata DP2301 recorders and calibrated thermister probes.
Thermograph sites will be selected to meet the data needs of the ADF&G,Acres
and R&M.Data will be transferred to the Data Processing Support Unit for
analysis.
Sub-Objective 5
FY 83 AH and RJ impoundment studies are designed to assess the potential
loss of the aquatic habitats within the proposed impoundment areas.This
requires documentation to determine the temporal and spartia1 distribution
of fish populations in this area,associated habitat conditions and whether
there are a1 ternate habitats to support them adjacent to the impoundment
area.Fish populations will also be evaluated by species composition and
species specific abundance.
A tag/recapture and habitat evaluation program was initiated by a joint
AH/RJ team during the 1981 field season to provide an inventory of fish
populations and habitat characteristics within the impoundment zone.
Continuati on of these studi es into FY 83 wi 11 provi de an opportuni ty to
more accurately estimate fish populations.FY 83 studies will also enable
project personnel to examine in further detail,other potential habitats
within the impoundment zone that did not receive extensive study in FY 82.
Sampling of the lower section of the clear water tributaries for tag
recovery will be continued.The mainstem Susitna River will also be
sampled in more detail during FY 83.At least one lake within the proposed
-65-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
impoundment,Sally Lake will be sampled in more detail in FY 83 with the goal
of obtaining a population estimate of the fish species present.
Joint AH and RJ crews will also conduct general habitat evaluations on
selected major tributaries to determine whether the reach of tributary
immediately above the proposed impoundment elevation (PIE)contains habitat
similar to that below the PIE.To accomplish this task these reaches will
be surveyed to estimate the relative abundance of fish and evaluate the
exi st-j ng habitat characteri sties.The presence of fi sh passage barriers or
potential inundation of existing barriers will be noted.
During the winter season,the distribution and migration of grayling will
be monitored by use of radio telemetry.Previous efforts at overwinter
sampling have produced very limited results because of difficult sampling
conditions.Fish radio tagged during the fall will be monitored through the
winter season in order to determine overwintering habitat,and to subsequently
follow spring migration and identify spawning habitats.Current information
suggests that the fish spawn during a period closely associated with breakup
necessitating such techniques to locate key spawning areas.This information
should provide an indication of the dependency of the grayling populations on
the mainstem Susitna for overwintering,and provide an indication of how
important this habitat is for the spawning and survival of the tributary
populations.
Data analysis will consist of population estimations in the tributary
reaches,and evaluation of intrasystem movements using recaptured and radio
tagged fish.Any spawning areas located will be identified and the habitat
characteristics evaluated.Basic biological data for all species collected
will also be summarized.Any new components of the biological community or
different findings from the 1981 studies will be identified.
Sub-Objective 6
AH personnel will provide technical support to RJ habitat related studies
(e.g.fish distribution,invertebrate,and incubation)by:
-66-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
1.Training RJ staff to maintain and operate habitat data collection
instruments;
2.Calibrating habitat instruments for RJ staff;
3.Installing and maintaining staff gages at all RJ fish dis-
tribution locations;
4.Measuring discharges at fish distribution locations to develop
stage/discharge curves;
5.Working with RJ staff members to develop plans for collecting
habitat oriented data for the incubation and invertebrate
studies.
The AH section will also cooperate with RJ and AA staff and other
contractors to insure the timely exchange of i nformati on when worki ng on
overlapping activities.All efforts will be made to coordinate these
activities to insure maximum results are derived from this year of study.
4.Administrative Structure and Manpower Distribution
The administrative structure and manpower distribution of AH personnel for
fiscal 1983 is illustrated in Figure 10.The FY 83 AH staff includes one
Fisheries Biologist III,five Fisheries Biologist II's,thirteen Fisheries
Biologist I's,one Fishery Technician III,and two work study students.
Personnel will be assigned as needed between the various sub-projects.
The following section contains a description of the work plans for achiev-
ing the preceding objectives and sub-objectives.Four work plans are
presented:
a.Lower River Fish Habitat Utilization Work Plans
Slough Spawning Habitat
Mainstem Spawning Habitat
-67-
,------------'"
b.Instream Flow Evaluation Work Plan
c.Upper River Fish Habitat Utilization Work Plan
-68-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
\~UATICHABITATANDINSTREAMFLOWPROJECTTobieofOrgonizationFY83PROJECTLEADERFBIIIPCN41921ELECTROFISHINGI "'EOFBII-PCN4211IJ --.FB1-PCN4214WORKSTUDYFB11-PCN4195STUDENTIIIGoldCreekTalkeetnaSunshine--r-~--r---FBI-PCN42:31FBI-PCN42:30FBI-PCN4101FBI-PCN4209FBI-PCN4186FBI-PCN4210WORKSTUDYSTUDENTIFBII-PCN4196IIIFBI-PCN4126FBI-PCN4217FB1-PCN4II6FBI-PCN4180ACRESINSTREAMFLOW~DATAREDUCTION.TRANSFERANDHYDRAULICENGINEER------------LABORATORYOP~R~TlONSFBII-P1CN42081FBI-PICN421:3LOWERRIVERSTUDIESFTII-PCN4149IIIINSTREAMFLrNIEVALUATIONSFISHERIESHABITATUTILIZATIONI0UPPERRIVERFISHERIESHABITATUTILIZATIONSTUDIESIFB11-PCN4207IFBI-PCN4181I0'\1.0IFigure10.FY83AquaticHabitatandInstreamFlowProjecttableoforganization.1982-83.
6/30/83 (Corrected)
5.Field Data Collection Work Plans
a.Lower River Fish Habitat Utilization (FHU)Work Plan
During the 1982 open water field season the Fish Habitat Utilization (FHU)
section of Aquatic Habitat will concentrate on the characterization of
adult salmon spawning preferences in slough and mainstem habitats in relation
to hydraulic and other physical conditions of their habitat (Objectives 1 and
2;Sub-objectives 1,2,3 and 4).The FHU studies are subdivided into two
components:A)Slough Habitat Studies and B)Mainstem Habitat Studies.
i.Slough Habitat Studies Work Plan
Study Sites:
FHU data for adult salmon will be col~ected at sloughs 8A,9,and
sloughs were selected on the basis of studies conducted in FY 82.
slough sites may be added to this list if it is determined that
manpower is available.
Methods:
21.These
Additi ona 1
sufficient
Upon arriving at a slough study site,an overall familiarization will be made
of the entire slough in order to obtain information necessary for mapping and
to determi ne the 1ocati on of spawni ng activity whi ch is occurri ng.The
locations of wetted areas upwelling zones,staff gage placements and water
quality measurement sites will be recorded on one copy of the R&M blue line
aerial photos (1"=400').Substrate type will be recorded on a second copy.A
third copy will be used to mark sites where specific redds are located.These
same maps will be updated during subsequent visits using different symbols or
colors and recording the date in order to differentiate visits.Stage will be
recorded from staff gages installed by Instream Flow or R&M staff and
discharge will be measured if necessary.Water quality data will be
collected,using instruments and procedures described in the 1981 ADF&G
Procedure Manual,in as many locations as are necessary to describe the water
quality characteristics present.
-70-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
Fi sh observati on techniques for determini ng spawning sites in cl ear water
systems are discussed in the 1981 Procedure Manual (ADF&G 1981).When
these sites are determined they w"ill be marked by a painted rock or
surveying flag for subsequent measuring.After all active sites (for that
days observations)are located,depth,velocity,and substrate data will be
collected and the marker removed.A total of 10 flags marking redds will
be left in each slough for later reference for incubation studies.Depth
and velocity will be measured at the upstream end of the redds.
Level of Effort and Frequency of Sampling:
Two crews will be deployed in the river between Talkeetna and Portage.
Each two person crew wi 11 work seven days in the fi e 1d,three days in the
office,with four days off.Slough sites will be sampled once per week.
ii.Mainstem Habitat Studies Work Plan
One AH Fish Habitat Utilization crew will be assigned to an electrofishing
boat on a full time basis to work in conjunction with the other
electrofishing boats (one each from RJ and AH).Their methods and
multi-purpose duties are discussed below.
Methods:
Three standard mounted electrofishing boats,one for each of the three
projects (RJ,AA and AH),will be utilized to conduct electrofishing on the
Susitna River between Cook Inlet and Devil Canyon from ice out to
freeze-up,1982.The field season will be broken into three time periods
during which various project (RJ,AA and AH)priorities will be addressed.
These three time periods will consist of ice out to July 31,August 1 to
September 15,and September 16 to freeze up.Duri ng both the ice out to
._------~.__.
-71-
.._-_._------
6/30/83 (Corrected)
July 31 and September 16 to freeze-up time periods,the individual project
boats will be operated at the discretion of each of their respective
project 1eaders.From August 1 to September 15,all three boats and thei r
crews wi 11 conduct Adult Anadromous mainstem Sus itna River salmon spawni ng
distribution studies under the supervision of the AA project leader.
During cooperative studies among the various projects,each electrofishing
boats will each be assigned to a separate defined reach of the river.
Two or three AH,RJ and AA biologists will be assigned to each electro-
fishing crew,with possible interchanging of project personnel during
cooperative studies among the various projects.Field stations will be
located at Yentna,Sunshine,Talkeetna,and Gold Creek camps.
Areas to be electrofished will be field selected in the mainstem Susitna
River and its side channels,sloughs,and tributaries,between Cook Inlet
and Devil Canyon where and when the physical parameters allow
electrofishing to be conducted.In addition to the selected sites sampled,
27 specific habitat evaluation study locations will be sampled by the RJ
and AH electrofishing crews once every two weeks when the physical
parameters allow electrofishing to be conducted.During August 1 to
September 15,all three electrofishing crews (AA,AH and RJ)will
electrofish at these 27 sites which are the designated habitat evaluation
study locations of the RJ Fish Distribution Studies in addition to
conducting the AA salmon spawning distribution surveys in the mainstem.
Sampling effort at each of the 27 habitat locations should not exceed one
hour total time,including handling of catch and data recording.
A 20 foot by 5-1/2 foot flat bottom,aluminum riverboat powered by a 90 hp
outboard jet and 18 hp outboard auxiliary engine will be modified for
electrofishing operations on the lower river.The power source for the
electrofishing apparatus (and possible supplemental lighting equipment for
night shocking)will be a four cycle,3.5 kilowatt,120/240 volt,60 Hz
A.C.Homelite Voltamatic generator.Voltage and amperage regulation from
the power source to the water will be through a Coffelt Variable Voltage
Pul sator model VVP-15 (AH)and two Coffelt model s VVP-3E (RJ and AA).Both
models are designed to supply A.C.,D.C.,or pulse output voltages.The
-72-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
output voltages from the VVP-15 can be varied continuously from a to 600
volts for all outputs (A.C.,D.C.,Pulsed D.C.and 0 referenced A.C.
Pulsed).For the VVP-3E the output voltages can be varied from a to 300
volts for all outputs (A.C.,D.C.and,Pulsed D.C.,and Pulsed A.C.).The
VVP-15 incorporates a 20 to 80 percent adjustable DC pulse width.The
proper current type,voltage,amperage and electrode arrangement for
efficient capture of fish will vary for different species of fish and
according to water quality parameters such as water temperature,
conductivity,depth and turbidity.
Electric current will be applied to the water through either single and
dual anode systems,with the cathode comprising the boat surface in contact
with the water.When a single anode is used,a single dip netting pole
will be used both as the anode and a dip net.The single anode design will
be utilized when probing in deep pools and confined areas and in searching
for specific species.Under situations when a dual anode system will be
utilized,each anode will be suspended into the water using a standard
electrofishing boom design.A standard dip net will be used to capture
stunned fish.
Due to the high voltages and potential hazards associated with electro-
fishing,several safety features will be designed into each electrofishing
boat.Each boat will be fitted with a 36 to 40"high non-conductive coated
railing enclosing a non-skid platform.Electrical units will be placed in
covered boxes designed to prevent water from entering the unit and thereby
preventing short-circuiting.In addition,a safety circuit incorporating
foot pedals and kill switches will be included in the circuitry.All
individuals working on the electrofish boat will wear hip boots,life
preservers and rubber gloves and be trained in cardiopulm"inary resuscitation
(C.P.R.)and basic first aid techniques (Appendix V).
Specific sampl ing procedures for each of the three projects are stated in
each respective project's section of the Procedures Manual.
-73-
,..._IfIl:.,~"-''''-...-''..•._.._-_._.---------•.._--_.__.-----------
6/30/83 (Corrected)
Level of Effort and Frequency of Sampling:
Electrofishing,using the standard boat mounted electrofishing unit
previously descr"ibed,will be conducted on the Susitna River from May 20,
to freeze-up,1982.Various electrofishing objectives in cooperation with
each study section (AH,RJ and AA)will be addressed during this t-ime
period.Two to three AH biologists will be assigned to the AH
electrofishing crew,with possible interchanging of project personnel
during cooperative studies among the various projects.Field stations will
be located and jointly shared by the RJ electrofishing crews at Sunshine,
Talkeetna and Gold Creek.
1.Eulachon Study in conjunction with AA (May 19-June 15,1982).
Objectives:
1.Determine the extent,timing,and numbers of the spawning runs of
eulachon in the Susitna River.
2.Evaluate the physical and chemical characteristics of habitats
utilized for spawning by eulachon.
3.Identify the relationsh"ip between changes in mainstem discharge
and temperature and the extent,timing,and number of eulachon
present.
Methods:
The first objective will be studied using methods described in the AA
portion of this procedures manual.
The Susitna River will be sampled for spawning eulachon seven days a week
from ice-out until the end of the spawning run by a three person joint
AH/AA crew stationed at Susitna Station (RM 25.5).
-74-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
Set and dip nets and boat-mounted electrofishing gear will be utilized to
define eulachon spawning sites and the upstream limits of their migration.
Eulachon sampled at each site will be assumed to be spawning only if all of
the following criteria are met:
1.Fish freely expel eggs or milt;
2.Fish are in a vigorous free-swimming condition;
3.Twenty or more fish are caught in the initial or subsequent site
sampling efforts which meet criteria one and two above.
Since eulachon are known to be broadcast spawners and thus do not fan a
nest (Morrow 1980),it may be difficult to observe the exact location and
timing of spawning.Attempts will be made to identify deposited eggs in
substrate samples by direct observations.
When a eulachon spawning site is identified,the habitat at the site will
also be evaluated.Because this will be a first year attempt at evaluating
the habitat characteristics of eulachon spawning areas,procedures and
methods of study will have to be designed and modified in the field.Due
to the similarity between eulachon and Bering cisco spawning behavior,
adaptation of techniques similar to those used in the Bering cisco study
will be employed in this study (ADF&G 1982b).The following procedures
will be utilized.
1.The site will be assigned a name and the river mile,geographic
code,and time of sampling will be determined and recorded.
2.A qualitative description of the general habitat characteristics
of the site and the sampling methods and gear used will be
recorded;
-75-
3.The overall substrate composition
using methods described in the
recorded;
of the
Phase
6/30/83 (Corrected)
site wi 11 be determi ned
I Procedures Manual and
4.Representative measurements of the following water quality
variables will be collected at each site using techniques de-
scribed in the Phase I Procedures Manual and recorded:water and
air temperature,pH,dissolved oxygen,specific conductance an
turbidity;
5.A map of the area will be drawn and a sampling grid for the
collection of depth and water velocity data will be developed
based on procedures developed by Bovee and Cochnauer (1977);
6.Depth and water velocity data will be collected at all points in
the grid and recorded;
7.Representative photographs of each site will be taken.
Two Peabody-Ryan model J-90 thermographs will be placed in the Susitna
River to continuously monitor surface water temperature.These data will
be used to determine if any correlation exists between the timing of
eulachon spawning runs and surface water temperatures.Thermographs will
be placed (using methods described in this manual)along the east bank of
the Susitna River at RM 5.5 (at the east bank gill net site)and RM 25.5
(at Susitna Station)(refer to Figure 41-2-1).
2.Resi dent species categori zati on,enumerati on and taggi ng
studies in conjunction with RJ (ice-out to freeze-up,1983).
Objectives:
1.Identify,enumerate,and tag adult resident species.
2.When possible,collect data concerning the general habitat
requirements of resident fish.
-76-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
Methods:
Using the boat mounted electroshocker previously described,resident adult
species will be systematically collected,identified,measured,age
sampled,sex determined (when possible),tagged and then released using
methods described in the RJ portion of this Procedures Manual.Habitat
characteristics that will be studied,when possible,to characterize the
general habitat requirements of these resident fish include the
physiochemical variables comprising air and water (surface and intragravel)
temperature,pH,specific conductance,dissolved oxygen and turbidity,
substrate,water depth,and,mean water column velocity.At significant
study sites,a map may be drawn of the site and immediate surrounding area.
Specific methods for the collection of the above parameters are given in
the Fisheries Habitat Utilization portion of the AH Procedures Manual.
3.Adult salmon spawning site evaluations in conjunction with
AA (June 15 -Aug.30,1982).
Objectives:
1.Determine the extent,timing,and number of chum,pink,coho,and
sockeye salmon spawning in the mainstem Susitna River and its
associated side channels.
2.Evaluate the physical and chemical characteristics of mainstem
habitats used for spawning.
3.Define the relationship between changes in mainstem discharge and
surface water tel'nperature to the extent,timi ng,and numbers of
salmon present in the mainstem.
Methods:
The first objective will be studied using methods described in the AA
portion of this procedures manual.
-77-
-"~",.~._,_._._---_._--
6/30/83 (Corrected)
Boat-mounted and backpack el ectrofishi ng gear,drift nets,and foot surveys
will be utilized to identify spawning sites in the mainstem Susitna River
below Devil Canyon (RM 152.0)from August 1 to September 15,1982.The
"ma instem"in this study will be defined to include the main channel of the
Susitna River and associated side channels.It will not include
tributary-mainstem confluence zones or slough habitats.The mainstem
Susitna River will be sampled for spawning salmon five days each week
throughout the survey period.The sampling area will extend from the
estuary (RM 0.0)to Devil Canyon (RM 151.0)and will be sarnpled by the
following three crews working in the defined reach of river:
1.Yentna crew -estuary (RM 0.0)to Kashwitna River (RM 61.0),
2.Sunshine crew -Kashwitna River (RM 61.0)to Talkeetna (RM 97.0),
and,
3.Gold Creek crew -Talkeetna (RM 97.0)to Devil Canyon (RM 151.0).
Salmon will be assumed to be spawning at a catch site only if all of the
following criteria are met:
1.Fish exhibit spawning maturation colors and morphology;
2.Fish expel eggs or milt when slight pressure is exerted on the
abdomen;
3.Fi sh are in vi gorous conditi on,with 25%or more of the eggs or
milt remaining in the body cavity;
4.Additional sampling efforts produce fish that meet criteria one
through three above.
When a mainstem spawning site is identified,the habitat of the site will
also be evaluated.This will be a first year attempt at evaluating habitat
characteristics of mainstem salmon spawning areas and the study design,
-78-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
procedures and methods of study will be modified in the field as necessary.
The following procedures will be utilized as a guideline.
1.The river mile,geographic code (GC)and time of sampling will
determined and recorded.
2.A qualitative description of general habitat characteristics of
the site and sampling methods and gear will be recorded;
3.The overall substrate composition of the site will be determined
using methods described in this manual and recorded;
4.Representative measurements of the following variables will be
collected at each site using techniques described in this manual:
air temperature,surface and intragravel water temperatures,pH,
dissolved oxygen,specific conductance,and water depth and
velocity.
5.A map of the area will be drawn indicating salmon spawning sites
and areas of data collection.
6.Representative photographs of the site will be taken.
4.Fisheries Habitat Utilization Slough Habitat Studies (ice-out to
freeze-up,1983)
Objective:
1.Assist AH fisheries habitat utilization slough habitat study
crews to achieve the objectives outlined in that section's plan
of study.
Methods:
Using the basic boat mounted electrofishing unit previously described,
adult anadromous and resident fi sh wi 11 be located for study by the AH
fisheries habitat utilization study crews.The AH electrofishing crew will
-79-
..__...._-------------
6/30/83 (Corrected)
aid the fisheries habitat utilization crews in the collection of fisheries
habitat data and will process all collected fish as previously described.
5.Radio Telemetry Studies in conjunction with RJ (Sept.1 -Nov.15,1982)
Objectives:
1.Collect resident species for radio telemetry studies and aid
in the tracking of tagged fish.
2.Characterize the habitat utilized by radio tagged fish.
Methods:
Using the basic boat mounted electroshocker previously described,adult
resident fish will be collected in conjunction with the RJ electrofishing
crew for impl antati on of radi 0 tags.Tracki ng of these tagged fi sh wi 11 be
done in conjunction with the RJ project by boat and aircraft.Spawning or
milling areas identified for these fish will be studied for their general
habitat characteristics as discussed previously in the resident species
categorization,enumeration,and tagging studies section.
6.Bering Cisco Study in conjunction with AA (September 1 to freeze-up,
1983)
Bering cisco (Corregonus laurettae Bean),and anadromous member of the
whitefish family,were first discovered to utilize the Susitna River basin
for spawning in 1981 (ADF&G 1982b).A total of 747 fish were sampled
during 1981 using fishwheels,gillnets,and electroshocking gear.Habitat
evaluation surveys were also conducted at three major spawning areas
located between RM 75 and 80 during 1981.
Objectives:
1.Determine the extent,timing,and number and size of spawning
runs Bering cisco in the Susitna River.
-80-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
2.Evaluate the physical and chemical characteristics of habitats
utilized for spawning by Bering cisco.
3.Identify the relationship between changes in mainstem discharge
and surface wi nter temperature to the extent,timi ng,and number
of Bering cisco present.
Methods:
The first objective will be studied using methods outlined in the AA
portion of this procedures manual.
Sampling will be conducted from September 1 to freeze-up,1982 in the
mainstem Susitna River and its associated side channels and sloughs to
ascertain the the degree of spawning of Bering cisco.In addition,
tributary mouths will be occasionally sampled.Sampling will be conducted
utilizing fishwheels and standards boat-mounted electrofishing gear.
Bering cisco are believed to be broadcast spawners (Morrow 1980).This
makes it difficult to determine the exact timing and location of spawning.
Bering cisco captured by the above gear will not be considered to be
spawning at a catch site only if all of the following criteria are met.
1.Fish freely expel eggs or milt;
2.Approximately 20 or more fish,with a mixture of both sexes,are
captured at a catch site;
3.Ri pe or spent fi sh are present at the same site 24 hours after
the initial sampling effort.
When a catch site is determined to have Bering cisco spawning,the habitat
of the site will be evaluated.To assure consistency of data,procedures
similar to those employed during the 1981 study of Bering cisco spawning
-81-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
grounds (ADF&G 1981a)will be employed during this year.The following
procedures will be utilized.
1.The site will be assigned a name and the river mile,geographic
code and time of sampling will be determined.
2.A qualitative description of the general habitat characteristics
of the site and sampling methods and gear used will be recorded.
3.The overall substrate composition of the site will be determined
using methods described in this procedures manual and recorded.
4.Representative measurements of the following water quality
measurements will be collected at each site using methods de-
scribed in thi s procedures manual and recorded:ai r temperature,
surface and intragravel water temperatures,pH,di ssol ved oxygen,
and specific conductance.
5.A map of the area will be drawn and a sampling grid for the
collection of depth and water velocity data will be developed
based on procedures developed by Bovee and Cochnauer 1977).
6.Depth and water velocity data will be collected and recorded.
7.Representative photographs of each site will be taken.
b.Instream Flow Work Plan
Instream flow data will be collected during the open water and ice covered
field seasons (Objective 3;Sub-objectives 5 and 6).Data collected will
include:stage,discharge,surface and intragravel water temperatures,DO,
pH,conductivity and water surface elevations.
-82-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
Study Site Selection:
Combinations of stage,discharge and water quality measurements will be
collected at RJ Fish Distribution Study (FDS)site locations,at selected
mainstem anadromous salmon spawning sites,and FHU slough sites.In
addition,stage data will be collected at each AA sonar/fishwheel site.
Surface water temperature data will be collected on a continuous basis
using Model J-90 Ryan thermographs at selected mainstem,tributary,and
slough sites to determine the thermal characteristics of these sites.In
addition to collection of surface water temperatures,intragravel water
temperatures will also be continuously monitored using Omnidata DP 2301
recorders to characterize the relationships between surface and ground
water temperatures at six spawning sites to be selected in the field.
Methods:
1)Stage
Staff gage placement at RJ Fish Distribution Study (FDS)study ,AA
mainstem study,and FDS and FHU slough study sites will be determined on a
site use basis to monitor water surface elevations.Gages will be located
so as to monitor the accessibil ity of the study site from the mainstem for
access into and passage within the study sites of both resident and
anadromous adult and juvenile fish.Gages will also be placed within the
study location to develop discharge rating curves in an effort to determine
total discharge through the study area.In addition,gages will also be
installed at the head portion of each study site that are adjacent to the
mainstem and within the mainstem to evaluate the influence of flow into the
study area from the mainstem and the mainstem discharge required for
breaching of these head portions.
Staff gages will also be installed at each AA fishwheel/sonar station to
monitor changes in mainstem water surface elevation and to develop to
mainstem discharge rating curves at these sites.
-83-
---------,---'--
6/30/83 (Corrected)
A cross section profile will be made perpendicular to the direction of
streamflow at each staff gage site except those located within the
mainstem.Each gage will be numbered (refer to staff gage numbering
procedures Table 1 and Figure 11),on the back and a painted float will be
attached whi ch will also incl ude the gage number.Each staff gage site
will consist of a set of gages tiered to insure that the entire range of
flows will be monitored at each site (refer to AH FY 82 Procedures Manual
for staff gage installation instructions).The top of each gage and the
water surface elevation wi 11 be surveyed to a temporary bench mark (TBM).
A compass reading on true north to the TBM from each gage will be
determined as well as the distance from the gage to the TBM.This is done
to insure accurate replacement of gages lost during high flows etc.True
north was determined from magnetic north by using the approximate mean
declination information available on USGS topographic quadrangles,1:63360
series.For example,an approximate mean easterly decl ination of 25.5°for
USGS topographic quadrangles of the Susitna River from RM 0.0 to 22.0 would
be subtracted from the magnetic north bering (360°)to determine the true
north bearing (360°-25.5°=334.5°).Staff gages at FDS study sites will
be monitored at least twice monthly;at the fishwheel/sonar site gages read
daily and at the FHU slough and mainstem sites once per week.
-84-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
Table 1.Staff gage numbering procedures.
Staff gages will be numbered with a four part,seven place alpha-numeric
code.
EXAMPLE:Ma i nstem gage at Ri ver Mi 1e 101.2,set number one,second
gage from shore
1 o 1
Rivermile
2 M
:Placement:
Code
1
Set
#
B
Gage
River Mile (first four places of code)-to be determined to the nearest
tenth mile from the bluelines in the Instream Flow Evaluation office.
Placement Code (fifth place)-indicates whether a gage is placed in a
slough (or side channel)(S),at the head of a slough (H),in a tributary
(T),in the mainstem (M),at an R&M cross-section (X),or W for mouth of
slough.
SET (sixth place)- a single digit which identifies
within a site which were set to measure the
fluctuations at a given point.
a group of staff gages
full range of stage
GAGE (seventh place)- a 1etter i dentifyi ng a gage wi thi n a set.Letters
will be assigned alphabetically,beginning with the gage nearest shore.
-85-
___________.--"C,
\®;@I~--1--1--ISETIGAGEINUMBERINGFORMATMainstem~nMid-slough~SSloughMouth=WSloughHead=HTributary=TRiverHi,,,RiverMile(RM)isdetermined'orallofthestaffgacl('siteswithinthesamestudycreaatthemostdownstrealrpuintofthe·studyareas.TheSt~dyareasJrcdefinedbytheAquaticHabitatandInstreamFlowProjectbiologists.PlacementTypeCodesStaffgagesitenomberwithi!"MlassignedrivermiIereach~tudyarea.Gagelettersforeachsiteassignedfromshoreoutward.StaffGageSiteStudyI\reaCDSTAFFGAGECDCD6)oEB6'.'::.)'.''...:.~\,..'~..'.~~:.~.I'..:..::,,~;~~"",'.:.::/-.~--V"/-II/I////II/I////I////Slou;hMouthGO;I100.2WIA,8,CA"..,,STUDy...............~~/,AREAA-.........."';Y~c.,,/~ISltl...;fMoln.tlmGoq100.2M4A,8,C/I0::>0'1IFigure11.FY83ADF&GAHstaffgageplacementandidentificationsystem.1982-83.
6/30/83 (Corrected)
2)Di scha rge
Discharge data will be obtained at transects to be surveyed by R&M
Consultants.A set of staff gages will be installed at each discharge site
and read before and after collecting the discharge data.R&M Consultants
will initiate the discharge measurements at each site by obtaining the
first of at least three discharge measurements to be used to develop
stage/discharge rating curves.Upon coordination with R&M,ADF&G will
collect further discharge data at specified study sites to continue rating
curve development.These sites will be determined and gages installed,
when possible by R&M,to also estimate reach specific streamflows.
Mainstem discharge information will be obtained from the closest USGS
gaging station as a control.Refer to the Aquatic Habitat and Instream
Flow Phase I Procedures Manual for discharge measurement procedures.
Daily discharge information from Gold Creek and Sunshine USGS gaging
stations will be broadcast to all field camps to familiarize field staff
with the flow levels they are observing.
3)Water quality
Water quality will also be recorded at each discharge site on
i nterva 1s necessa ry to cha racteri ze the water qual i ty present.
described in the 1981 Procedures Manual (ADF&G 1981).
4)Temperature
transect at
Methods are
The two types of instruments employed in the continuous measurement of
temperature are the Peabody-Ryan model J-90 submersible thermograph (surface
water)and the Omnidata recorder (datapod)with associated thermistors
(surface and intragravel).For both the thermograph and the datapod,the
temperature sensor is placed on the bottom of the stream to record the water
temperature of the lower portion of the water column adjacent to the stream
bed.Peabody-Ryan model J-90 thermographs continuously monitor and record
temperature with an error of 0.6°C on 90-day charts.The Peabody-Ryan
thermographs,after installation,are monitored and serviced (if necessary)
-87-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
twice monthly,except those located above Devil Canyon which are monitored on
a monthly basis.To ensure accuracy of temperature data collected,each
Peabody-Ryan is screened at two temperatures (DOC and between 11-16°C)prior
to installation using a calibrated Brooklyn or American Society for Testing
and Manufacturing (ASTM)thermometer as a standard.Thermographs found to be
in error by more than 3°C at either screening temperature are not used and are
returned to the manufacturer for calibration.To ensure proper calibration of
temperature readings,surface water temperatures are obtained using a
calibrated thermometer at the time of installation and removal of the
thermograph from each site.A unique calibration factor is then determined
for each thermograph,calculated as the difference in the readings between
the surface water temperature obtained with the thermograph and the
calibrated thermometer at the time of thermograph removal.The calibration
factor is determined from data at the time of thermograph removal rather
than the time of installation because response time after installation
varies for each thermograph.The calibration factor is then used to
correct 2-hour poi nt temperature readi ngs from each recordi ng chart.From
these corrected 2-hour poi nt temperatures mean,maximum and mi nimum
temperatures are computer calculated for each 6-hour period.The
installation and service methods for Peabody-Ryan thermographs are outlined
in the Procedures Manual (ADF&G 1981a).
Intragravel and surface water temperatures will be monitored at selected
sloughs and spawning sites by Omnidata DP 2301 recorders (datapods).The
datapods and associated thermistors used to continuously monitor surface water
temperatures are capable of simultaneously recording both surface and
intragravel water temperature with an error of ~O.l°C.The datapod
incorporates a non-volatile,ultraviolet (UV)erasable,solid state data
storage module (DSM)to record data.The DSM is capable of storing
approximately three months of data,recorded in 6 hour intervals as minimum,
maximum,and mean water temperatures.The datapods are virtually
maintenance-free but will be periodically checked for low battery charge and
disturbance by wildlife.
-88-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
To obtain surface water temperatures with a datapod,the associated
thermi stor is attached to a wei ght and pl aced upon the substrate of the
stream channel.Each thermistor probe is calibrated prior to field
installation by Dryden and LaRue Consulting Engineers (distributors of the
instruments)and assigned a calibration factor.The surface water
temperature probe is pl aced immedi ately adjacent to an i ntragravel
temperature probe associated with the same recorder.The associated
intragravel thermistor is secured within a steel,slotted tube and inserted
approximately 18 inches into the substrate.The thermi stor probe wi res
are connected to the Omnidata recorder which is stored in a waterproof
container secured on the stream bank out of the range of flood flows and
eroding banks.Immediately after installation of the recorder and prior to
removal of the DSM,a surface water temperature is obtained with a
cal ibrated mecury thermometer.In addition,surface and intragravel water
temperatures are obtained from a "short data dump"which the recorder is
programmed to yield.The "short data dump"is a listing of data which also
includes errors accumulated,numbers of data points stored,and minutes to
next recordi ng.The two temperatures (one from the datapod and the other
from the mercury thermometer)are compared,taking into consideration probe
calibration factors,to ensure accuracy of the instrument.
At each surface water monitoring temperature station,instantaneous water
temperature measurements wi 11 be made at 1.5 feet beneath the water surface
at approximately 100 foot intervals along a transect once per month through
October.This was done to ensure that each temperature statin is located
in an area of uniform temperature.If the temperature station is being
influenced from a tributary or other water source beside mainstem water,the
temperature station is to be relocated to a site of unifonll mainstem water
temperature.Instructions for pl acement of thermographs are i ncl uded in the
Phase 1 AH Procedures Manual.
Level of Effort and Frequency of Sampling:
Two crews of two people will be deployed from the Yentna River to Portage
Creek.One crew will be assigned the reach extending from the Yentna River
-89-
---------_.~-"..
6/30/83 (Corrected)
(RM 27.0)to Lane Creek (RM 113.6)and the other crew will be assigned the
reach extending from Lane Creek (RM 113.5)to Portage Creek (RM 148.0).Both
crews will also share those areas between the Yentna River and Portage Creek
when necessary.The standard schedule will consist of seven days of field
duty,three days in the office and four days off.Each site will be inspected
two times per month.
C.Upper River Fish Habitat Utilization (Impoundment Study)Work
Plan
The flooding of the mainstem Susitna River,clearwater tributaries reaches,
and nearby lakes by the proposed impoundments will alter the aquatic
environment that presently supports populations of resident fish.To
assess the potential loss of these habitats and to determine the mitigation
activities necessary,the resources to be impacted require documentation to
determi ne the nature and extent of these popu1 ati ons and thei r dependence
on particular habitat conditions.A more detailed background description
of these studies is presented in the sub-objectives section (Sub-objective
5)•
Study Design:
The 1982 Aquatic Studies program in the proposed impoundment study area
will be conducted during the open water field season (May-October)on a
monthly basis with field activities lasting from 14 to 18 days per month.
Additional field trips will be conducted in late April and early May to
determine timing,location,and extent of Arctic grayling spawning
activities.
The 1982 impoundment study area wi 11 i nc1 ude the aquati c habitat withi n the
boundaries of the proposed Devil Canyon and Watana reservoirs and a five
mile study reach immediately upstream of the PIE of selected tributaries.
-90-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
The study area will be further divided into three categories grouped by
habitat type:including tributary,mainstem Susitna River (including
mainstem sloUghs)and lake locations.Those portions of tributaries,the
mainstem Susitna River and lakes that 1 ie within the proposed impoundment
boundaries will be designated as habitat evaluation locations.Specific
study sites within these habitat evaluation locations will be designated as
habitat evaluation sites.
Eleven major tributaries will be investigated during 1982,including the
eight major tributary streams within the proposed impoundment area that
were studied during 1981 (Fog,Tsusena,Deadman,Watana,Kosina,Jay,and
Goose Creeks and the Oshetna River).In addition,three streams
(Cheechako,Chinook,and Devil Creeks)within Devil Canyon will be examined
for the first time this year.
The "habitat location"of each of the major study tributaries will include
that portion of the stream from the major clearwater influence with the
Susitna River,upstream to the PIE.This area will be divided into three
distinct habitat types where possible based on their physical
characteristics.These are:
1.The confluence habitat which encompasses the area of the Susitna
River below the mouth of the tributary which is influenced by the
tributary stream flow,the mixing area,and the area of the
tributary which is influenced by the rise/fall of the Susitna
River.
2.The pool habitat which is comprised of
tributaries between the mouth and
elevation where the majority of the
observed to reside.
the 1a rge pools withi n the
the proposed impoundment
resident fish have been
3.The riffl e habitat whi ch incl udes those stretches
tributary located between the major pool areas in
between the mouth of the tri buta ry and the impoundment
-91-
~.~,<••••.•_~..------
of each
the reach
elevation.
6/30/83 (Corrected)
These areas are comprised of smaller pools,rock eddies,riffles,
and whitewater.
Quantification of pool habitat will be by direct enumeration while riffles
will be quantified by length in each stream.Surface area of tributary
reaches to be impounded will be determined using 1:400 blue line maps and a
Numonics digitizer.Surface area of tributary pools will be estimated from
on-the-ground observations.Surface areas of riffles within a stream will be
determined by subtracting the estimated pool habitat surface area from the
total surface area determined for each tributary below the PIE.
The following Aquatic Habitat data referred to in this section will be
collected according to procedures presented in the Procedures Manual (ADF&G
1982a)and Volume 4 unless indicated otherwise.
General water quality parameters (dissolved oxygen,pH,specific
conductance,water temperature,and turbi dity)wi 11 be measured at 1east
once per month during the open water field season at designated tributary,
mainstem and lake sampling sites.The selected sites will be representa-
tive of those habitat evaluation locations under study.Tributary sites
will be located immediately above the mouth of Fog,Tsusena,Deadman,
Watana,Kosina,Jay and Goose Creeks and the Oshetna River.Mainstem
Susitna Rivr sites will be located immediately above the confluence of the
above-mentioned tributaries and the Susitna River with the exception of Jay
Creek,where the sampling site will be located immediately above the
confluence of Upper Jay Creek Slough and the Susitna River.Sally Lake
will be sampled once a month at a site at the west end of the lake.Sites
one mil e above the PIE of se 1ected t ri buta ri es wi 11 be sampled once du ri ng
the field season.Ryan Model J-90 thermographs will be placed near the
mouth of Tsusena,Watana,Kosina,and Goose Creeks,and the Oshetna River
to continuously monitor surface water temperatures.
Discharge data will be collected as time permits to obtain baseline data
for reservoir modeling and to determine relative differences in discharge
for comparisons of fisheries habitat in tributaries under study.
-92-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
A depth contour map of Sally Lake will be developed and this map will be
used to determine surface water area and other morphometric data.
Any documented spawning areas of Arctic grayling or other selected species
within these study areas will be identified and the general habitat
characteristics will be assessed.These characteristics include velocity,
depth and substrate data in addition to basic water quality.
Based on the relative lack of success encountered utilizing standard
sampling procedures during the winter 1981-82 studies,and the high degree
of success attained with winter 1981-82 radio telemetry studies in the
lower river,this type of program will be implemented in the impoundment
area during FY 83.Arctic grayling will be the target species.Radio
transmitter implantation will be conducted in September before freeze-up
and radio tracking at periodic intervals will continue through May 1983.
During this period,overwintering habitats of Arctic grayling will be
identified and the general habitat characteristics (water quality,
velocity,depth,etc.)will be assessed.
Level of Effort:
The impoundment crew will consist of two AH biologists and two RJ
biologists operating out of a camp located at the mouth of Watana Creek (RM
194.1).Surveys of the main Susitna River and selected tributaries will be
conducted primarily on foot using helicopter and river boat support.Lake
studies will be conducted by rafts or on foot with helicopter support to
and from the study area.
Contingencies
During the course of the summer field program,alternative methods for
sampling or changes in study sites will be employed when it has been
determined that the overall objectives of these studies can be best met
through modifications of the existing program.Occassionally,limited
one-time experiments may be performed to test the 1imitations of proposed
-93-
•
6/30/83 (Corrected)
sampling methods or to validate assumptions used in a population
estimation technique.In addition,examination of additional selected
sites will be performed on a limited basis when a specific question as to
the importance of a site can be answered with minimal additional effort.
Additions to Appendix 8 and instrument instructions,will be made as new
equipment is obtained.
-94-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
D.DATA PROCESSING
1.Workpl an
The work plan for meeting the data processing and data base management
objective of the data processing support unit is based primarily on the
procedures developed during fiscal year (FY)1982.During this time
period,data collected from the winter of 1980 through the spring of 1982
was cataloged,summarized,and analyzed.Data base management consists of
a four step process which can be summarized as:
1.Data entry,including coding and keying.
2.Data verification,i.e.checking keyed data for accuracy and
val i dity.
3.Error correction.
4.Loading of corrected data into a computer data base management
system,for subsequent retrieval,reformatting and report produc-
tion.
Step two and three above are generally implemented in a recursive manner
until all mistakes are "caught"and corrected.
Data Entry:
Entry of data into the computer was primarily accompl ished during FY 1982
through a three step process:
1.Hand coding of data from field data forms onto computer key punch
forms.
2.Keypunching of data from keypunch forms to computer punch cards.
-95-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
3.Loadi ng of data from cards to computer di sk storage and eventua 1-
ly onto computer tapes.
The procedure of coding,keypunching,and loading of the data was necessary
due to vast quantities of data which needed to be processed in a short
period of time,and the availability of only one microcomputer during FY
1982.The addition of two microcomputers and additional staff to the data
processing support unit will allow for direct entry of data from field data
forms into the microcomputer during FY 1983.A software package called
DATASTAR (Micropro 1980a)is used for entry of data via a customized
computer data "form".
Data entry via the software package DATASTAR is generally in the same
format as the field data form upon which the data is recorded.Design of
computer based forms for use in DATASTAR is via the companion software
package called FORMGEN (procedures to be used during form design are
detailed in the next section).The major exception to data entry via
DATASTAR is in the case of wordy comments or notes,which have lengths
(i.e.number of characters)which can not be anticipated or controlled.
Notes or comments of this type will be coded,keyed,and punched in the
same manner as the data was in FY 1982,except that keypunching will take
place directly with the microcomputer 's full screen editor (SCOPE,Vector
Graphic 1981).Keypunch coding form design is detailed in the Coding Form
Design section.
DATASTAR Form Design:
Computer-based forms for data entry via DATASTAR are designed via the
companion software program called FORMGEN (MicroPro 1980a).Specific
details of the operation of FORMGEN and DATASTAR are presented in the
DATASTAR User's Guide (MicroPro 1980a).General principles to be used
during form design is included in the following text.
Computer-based forms are designed to recreate as much as possible the
arrangement and appearance of the field data form.FORMGEN is used to
-96-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
create forms for the CRT (cathode-ray tube)screen of the microcomputer
which have two major components:
1.Background text,that is text which is usually printed onto the
field form and is not actual data.
2.Data fields,that is areas where data can be entered during the
data entry stage via DATASTAR.
Background text can be formatted in any manner using all the "pr intable"
characters of the CRT screen (except the underline),but is generally
designed to duplicate the format of the field data form.
Data fields are positioned and created (by underline characters)in the
same positions as those of the field data form.The number of characters
for each data field is determined either directly from the field form or by
consultation with field biologists,who know the scale and accuracy of
measurements to be recorded in each data field.Additional characteristics
(besides scale and accuracy)are associated with each data field.These
characteristics include:
1.Order (order in which data entry will occur).
2.Padding (e.g.pad field with blanks or zeros).
3.Verification (verify data during data entry).
4.Edit mask:
a.Entry control mask (e.g.enter or leave blank,constant
value,constant decimal point).
b.Content control mask (e.g.allowable characters,that is
numbers or alphabetics,or both,etc.).
-97-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
These data field characteristics are chosen to maximize ease,efficiency,
and accuracy of data entry via DATASTAR.Note that all fields should be
padded with either blanks,or zeros and these edit characters should be
"recorded".
An additional "data field"is incorporated in each computer form.This
field is not a data item on the original field data form.This item is
termed Observation ID (OBSID).The OBSID serves three purposes:
1.A unique identifier for each individual page of a particular
field data form.
2.A sorting and identifing variable for use by DATASTAR (i.e.a key
field).
3.As a case identifier for the hierarchical data base system used
on the Boeing mainframe computer system (this data base system
utilizes a software package called Scientific Information
Retrieval (SIR 1979),and is detailed in a later section).
Assignment of OBSID numbers is a sequential series of numbers (e.g.1,2,
3,etc),each series of numbers being unique to a particular field data
form.
Forms created via FORMGEN can generally be designed to recreate the field
data form on the CRT screen.However,in some cases,the number of data
fields of the form exceeds the maximum number of fields (245)allowed by
FORMGEN.In these cases the field data form is "divided"into two (or
more)different computer based forms.Background text and data field items
which are necessary for identification of a particular page (e.g.OBS10)of
data is repeated in both computer-based forms.
Coding Form Design:
As previously mentioned notes and comments recorded on field data forms
will not be entered into the computer via DATASTAR.These notes and
-98-
_.
6/30/83 (Corrected)
comments wi 11 be coded on keypunch codi ng forms for 1ater entry vi a the
microcomputer's editing system (SCOPE).The principles for design of forms
for coding notes and comments are essentially the same as those principles
used during FY 1982 for design of all keypunch coding fonns.Each form
consist of a legal-sized (8 1/2 11 X 14")piece of paper with 80 columns and
20 rows (Figure 12).The first 21 columns of every coding form is of a
standard format.The first column is labeled card type and takes on a
va 1ue of 1-9 and is used incases where more than one type of card is
needed to code data from field data fonns (e.g.whole page comments on card
type 1 and individual line notes on card type 2)(Note card type is
equivalent to record type in SIR data base schema definition).The next
eight columns (2-9)are for coding of four possible sort identifier
variables (S.LD.HIS 1-4)of two columns each t which can take on a value
of 00 to 99.S.LD.variables can be used for a variety of reasons t but
are generally used to match up individual card images (80 column records)
with each other.For example t S.1.D.#1 is always coded as 00 if the
information to be coded in the data fields (columns 22-80)is of a whole
page nature (that is heading information).If the information to be
recorded in the data fields is related to a specific "line ll of the field
data form t then S.LD.#1 is coded as the particular line number (e.g.02
for line #2).AccordinglYt S.I.D.#1 is used to match up information
between information coded on more than one card type or individual card
image (i.e.a continuation card).Note that S.I.D.#1 is always coded.
S.LD.#2 is usually used to code a card image's continuation order.That
is S.LD.#2 is coded as 01 if it is the first in a series of card images
which refer to a unique combination of OBSID (page number)and SID #1
(whole paget OOt or line number).SID #2 need not be coded if only one
card image is needed to code for a particular type of information.
S.LD.#3 and #4 are generally not used and are accordingly available for
exceptional cases.One case in which S.LD.#3 and #4 was used during
FY 1982 is in the case of correlating data coded on different types of
forms (e.g.point specific data with catch data).In this instance S.LD.
#3 and #4 are combined into one variable called catalog number.Catalog
numbers are then used to relate the fish catch of a particular piece of
-99-
,-----------_.....
·;":..:•.
a a a a Obs Form
~
,M ID #•..on #:on on
-
I
I
I I
!
,"•·In~,..."•••f-.,..•I 6 •...,~
I I I I 'I,'I ,I,·;+t-H1H.-t:++-++f-H-t+-++I-H+t+f-f-Tf-+-t-++++-++II++++-++H-+++-++I-++++++-I-++++!++-J.-cl!.-.:....;.....;...~'+-!',...-!....:.......~
i !I : I I I ::•....::-,~--'--:.....;-1
-~
I
I ;>J-'-_.-!'i+""~..:-.
H-t+I-HH 1-+++++++++l+H-+++++++++++1+1H-H-H-++++++++-H+1H-r.-1 ~I_-"'.......;.'!~_";..LTL.,1,,":-
f-H++-f+~+I-H+++I-H"+-HH-I-H+++++++I-++++t+I~++++++-++++H-4++++++++TT+....-'~•.-...~,-,.;H-/-H~H l+i++++++++'-HH-H-+++++++++1-HH-H-+++++++++++1+1H-H-H-++++++-+l-Hf-;i~;iI-H-;,-H-·;-i-
Figure 12.Facsimile reduced reproduction of keypunch coding form template.
-100-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
gear with the water depth and velocity (and other pertinent data)
associated with the habitat in which the gear was set.Catalog numbers are
also used to relate biological data (e.g.length,age,and sex)of fish
collected with point specific habitat data.Note that catalog numbers will
be coded during FY 1983 via DATASTAR and not directly onto coding fornls.
The next six columns (l0-15)of the coding form is used to code 08SID,
which as previously explained uniquely identifies a particular page of a
particular field data form.This number is consecutively assigned by Data
Processing and can take a value of 000001-999999.The next six columns
(and optionally a 7th column)(columns 16-21 (22))is used to code the form
number which corresponds to the form number of the field data form (e.g.
AH8206).
The final 59 columns (22-80)of each card image is used to code data,that
is notes and comments.If a note or comment associated with a whole page
or a particular line of the field data form can not be coded in 59 columns,
then the data is continued in the next card image and SID #2 is used to
order which card image is first,second,etc.
Data Entry via DATASTAR:
Procedures for data entry into the mi crocomputer vi a the software package
DATASTAR onto computer-based forms generated via FORMGEN is detailed in the
DATASTAR User's Guide (MicroPro 1980a).In addition to the procedures
outlined in the user's guide,the software of DATASTAR provides "Help
Screens"which allow for immediate access while on the microcomputer to
oj nstructions and expl anati ons to the data entry (and modifi cation)
procedures of DATASTAR.
Coding of Notes and Comments:
Notes and comments recorded on field data forms need to be coded onto
keypunch coding forms prior to data entry into the microcomputer.There
are two basic types of notes or comments:
-101-
-------,-~-_."".
6/30/83 (Corrected)
1.Whole page that is information recorded relates to the entire
page of data
2.Individual line,that is information relates to an individual
line of data on the page.
The codi ng procedure for both types of data is i denti ca 1 except for the
coding of S.1.D.#1.The procedure to be followed for coding S.1.D.#1 is
detailed in the Coding FOrni Design section.Coding of additional S.1.D.
variables along with OBSID and other identifying information is also
detailed in the Coding Form Design section.Coding of the note or comment
information is generally exactly as it appears on the field data form onto
columns 22-80 of the coding form for as many continuation cards as are
needed (if continuation cards are used S.I.D.#2 needs to be coded to
indicate order of the card images).Standard and well-recognized
abbreviations can be used but should be avoided if at all possible.When
continuing information from one card to the next care must be taken to
allow for the proper separation of words.If the last character in a word
is coded in column 80 of one card image then column 22 of the continuing
card image should be left blank in order to separate the last word from the
next.Conversely,if a word needs to be separately coded onto two card
images columns 80 of the first and column 22 of the next card image should
not be blank.Note dash (-)characters should not be used to indicate
splitting of a word.
Data Entry of Coded Forms VIA SCOPE:
The microcomputers which Data Processing uses come installed with Vector
Graphic's full screen editing software package called SCOPE.Specific
details of the operation of SCOPE is included in the SCOPE Reference Manual
(Vector Graphic 1981).SCOPE also provides on-line help screens which can
be used when simple problems arise during data entry.
Data Verification:
-102-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
Verification of data entered into the microcomputer entails checking for
accuracy of data entered into the computer in compa ri son to data recorded
on original field data forms.The verification process occurs in three
distinct steps.
1.Initial or automatic verification,this is verification which
occurs during the data entry phase;and entails checking data
fields which uniquely identify a page (DATASTAR)or a card image
(SCOPE)(e.g.08S1D,data S.I.D.#1 and #2,etc.).
2.Secondary verification,which entails checking of all keyed data
fields from standardized computer printouts against field data
forms.
3.Computeri zed data checki ng vi a customi zed computer programs,
these programs are written to check for.
a.Valid values using reference computer files (e.g.species
codes).
b.Valid ranges (minimum and maximum values).
4."Final"check,which
printouts with minimum
whi ch are then checked
"biological"validity.
entails production
and maximum values
against field data
of summary computer
of keyed-in variables,
forms and checked for
The last three verification steps are implemented iteratively after the
error correction procedure. Steps 2 and 3 above are sometimes followed in
the reverse order.Step 4 above may require input from field biologists to
complete.
Error Correction:
Correction of keying errors discovered during the verification
outlined above is accomplished in a similar manner as data entry.
-103-
process
However,
6/30/83 (Corrected)
only those data fields requlrlng correction need to be reentered.When
using DATASTAR the particular page (as indentified by OBSID)is brought to
the screen by scanning the data file by IIkey modell,making the appropriate
correction and then filing that particular page (Note specific details of
this procedure are included in the DATASTAR User's Guide (MicroPro 1980a).
After all corrections are made in a DATASTAR file the "File Maintenance ll
procedure of DATASTAR should be followed.
When using SCOPE the particular card image line in the data file in which
an error occurs,must be brought up to the screen (by scrolling or jumping)
(note the line number is ascertained from the printout).The 08SID,and
S.I.D #'s should be compared to ensure that the correct line has been
found.The error should then be corrected in the same manner as during
data entry.Finally when all corrections are made to the file needed,the
editor should be commanded to exit and file the corrected data file (see
the SCOPE Reference Manual (Vector Graphic 1981)for more details).
DATASTAR to SIR Data File Format:
The mi crocomputer data fi 1es produced by DATASTAR are not ina format whi ch
can be used in the hierarchical data base system of SIR,which is used on
the mainframe computer system (see Data Base Management section).The
files produced by DATASTAR are fixed length records with carriage
return-line feeds ending each IIrecordll.The record length is determined by
the number of positions in all the data fields of one page of data plus one
comma to separate each data field.Each DATA STAR record contains
information which is usually represented in multiple card image types for
input to the SIR data base system.Accordingly,the data in one DATASTAR
record needs to be reformatted into the appropriate SIR data card image
types.The number and format of the new card images to be produced from
each DATA STAR record is determ"ined by referral to the appropriate SIR data
base Schema defination (see Data Base Management Section).Data in each
DATASTAR record is reformatted into card images which have a set format for
the first 21 (22)columns.These first 21 columns are formatted exactly
the same as was described in the Coding Form Design Section (i.e.card type
in column I,S.LD.#'s 1-4 in coulmns 2-9,OBSID is columns 10-15,and
-104-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
Form number in columns 16-21).Each OATASTAR record contains data which
describes information,which pertains to the whole page and data which
pertains only to an individual line of data.
Whole page information is reformatted into card image files which have
S.LO.#1 (columns 2-3)coded as 00.For one particular card type of whole
page information (e.g.geographic location,i.e.geographic code,Susitna
River mile,tributary river mile,and sampling location)one card image is
produced from each individual DATASTAR record.However,more than one card
image type may be needed to code all the whole page information due to
there only being 59 columns on each card for data coding.
Information contained on an individual line of the original field form and
in the DATASTAR record is reformatted into as many card image types as
necessary (note only 59 columns available for data in each card image).In
all cases S.LD.#1 is coded as the particular line number corresponding to
the original field data form.
When more than one DATASTAR form is requi red to code one fi el d data form
(see DATASTAR Form Design Section)information from all the types of
DATASTAR forms needs to be combined.Whole page information only needs to
be reformatted from one of the DATASTAR forms.However,whole page
information from the other forms should be compared to the reformatted
version to ensure accuracy.Individual line information is reformatted
from all DATASTAR files and then combined according to card type.Note,
that in these cases care must be taken that S.I.D.#1 is coded according to
the line number of the original field data form not the line number of each
individual DATASTAR form.
Reformatting of OATASTAR files to card image files is accomplished by
execution of customized microcomputer programs written in one of the
high-level programming languages generally PL/I-80 (Digital Research 1980)
is used as it is a language ideally suited for reformatting and operates
quickly and efficiently on the Inicrocomputer.Reformatting programs need
to be individually written for each DATASTAR form type.Accordingly,
specific procedures to follow in creating the appropriate programs is
-105-
,-"------------
6/30/83 (Corrected)
determined by the particular DATASTAR form type and the appropriate SIR
data fi 1e format.When executi ng these reformatti ng programs the operator
shoul d confi rm that DATASTAR I s II Fi 1e Ma intenance ll procedure has been
followed.
2.Data Base Management
Data base management includes two major tasks:
1.Management of data storage media (e.g.field data forms and
magnetic computer disks and tapes).
2.Management of the data itself (e.g.records or observations,
variables,etc.).
The above tasks can be subdi vi ded further by the two different computer
systems utilized by the data processing support unit:
1.The microcomputer system with its associated computer diskettes.
2.The mainframe Boeing Computer Services EKS1-CDC 6000 computer
with its on-line disk storage and off-line tape storage.
Microcomputer Data Storage Management:
Data is stored in four formats associ ated with the inhouse mi crocomputer
system:
1.Original field data forms.
2.On-line hard magnetic disk files.
3.Off-line floppy magnetic disk files.
4.Paper computer printouts of data.
-106-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
Management of original field data forms primarily consist of filing forms
according to:
1.Project ongln (i .e.AA-adult anadromous,AH-aquatic habitat,and
RJ-resident and juvenile).
2.Form type (e.g.AH 8206-thermograph data).
3.Observation identification number (08510,see sections on
DATASTAR and coding form design).
Computer disk files (both on and off line)are "managed"primarily by
on-line software provided with the microcomputer or written inhouse.
Specific details of operating the software are provided in various
operating manuals.General utility programs along with their purpose and
associated operating manuals are listed in Table 2.
-107-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
Table 2.General microcomputer utility programs used for data base
management.
Program
Name Purpose
Manual
Reference
ERA erase fi 1es Vector Graphic (l979a)
DIR list files Vector Graphi c (l979a)
REN rename files Vector Graphic (l979a)
TYPE type f"j 1es on CRT Vector Graphic (l979a)
screen
STAT list status of files,Vector Graphic (l979a)
disks,system
PIP copy files between Vector Graphi c (l979a,b)
di sk/user area
SC data entry Vector Graphic (l981 )
SUBMIT/XSUB operate in "batch"mode Vector Graphic (l979a,b)
SUPSORT sort/merge data within Mi croPro (l980b)
and between files
CATALOG catalog disk files SRX Systems (l981 )
DATASTAR/FORMGEN data entry MicroPro (l980a)
-108-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
Data files are entered into the microcomputer via DATASTAR or SCOPE (SC)
usually onto on-line hard disk files.During the data entry,verification,
and error correction phase,these on-line files should be copied onto
back-up off-line floppy disks on a daily basis.
An individual floppy disk is assigned to each data file type (i.e.DATASTAR
files and SCOPE files associated with one field data form,e.g.AH8206).
Each floppy disk in turn is also duplicated onto a back-up disk (this is
due to the fragile nature of floppy .disks).
Each data floppy disk is cataloged via the on-line CATALOG cO~TIand.
Specific details of operating CATALOG are listed in the CATALOG operating
manual (SRX Systems 1981).
After daily backup to floppy di sks,the catalog is updated for each
individual cataloged disk with the associated date/time that the backup
procedure occured.
After all data entry,verifications,and error correction has occurred the
final version of each data file is copied onto the appropriate floppy
disks,the catalog is updated to reflect the final nature of the data
files,and the on-line hard disk versions are erased (ERA).Erasures of
any files (on hard or floppy disks)should be approved by the DP unit's
Systems Analyst or Biometrician.Approval to erase is not necessary for
certain files which are automatically generated by the system
(e.g.*.BAK files).
In addition to copying data files to off-line floppy diskette storage,any
customized programs used to verify,list,correct,or produce reports for
each type of data form should also be filed on the appropriate floppy disk
(note that the catalog should reflect the purpose of each program).
Computer pr-j ntout 1i stings of data and source programs are fil ed separately
according to field data form type (e.g.AA8214)in computer printout
binders.Each listing should have the date and time of production listed
on the first sheet of the printout.
-109-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
Microcomputer Data Base Management:
Management of data (i.e.observations and variables)via the microcomputer
system is essentially equivalent to data storage management outlined above.
Essentially,most "true"data base management occurs on the mainframe
computer system,as outlined in a later section.However,various
procedures are carried out on the microcomputer system which is in support
of the mainframe data base management system.
These procedures include:
1.Reformatting data files from DATASTAR format to SIR card-type
fil es.
2.Creation and editing of "program"files to be used on the Boeing
Computer system.
3.Transmitting and receiving files to and from the mainframe
computer system.
Reformatti ng data is accompl i shed vi a customized computer programs usually
written in PL/I-80 (Digital Research 1980).Program files are
created/edited on the microcomputer's fullscreen editing system (SCOPE,
Vector Graphic 1981).
Transmitting and receiving data,program,and printer files between the
microcomputer system and the Boeing Computer System is via the software
packages of BSTMS (Byrom Software 1980)and SEND (written inhouse).
Mainframe Computer Data Storage Management:
Data storage medium associated with the Boeing mainframe computer system is
in two different formats:
1.On-line magnetic disk.
-110-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
2.Off-line magnetic tapes (located in Bellevue,Washington).
Transfer of data to the on-l i ne di sk storage is vi a BSTMS/SEND as outl i ned
in the previous section.Data and program files stored on-line should be
backed up to tape on a daily basis,if they are modified in any manner.In
addition any file which is not consistently used (or accessed)should be
purged from on-line storage in order to reduce computer charges.Purging
of fi 1es shoul d only occur after the backup procedure to tape has occurred
and only with permission of the Systems Analyst or Biometrician.
Transfer fi 1es between di sk and tape storage formats is vi a the software
packages of UDUMPIT/ULOADIT.Details of operating the Boeing Computer
Systems on-line utility procedures are listed in the appropriate manuals.
IFG-2 and 4 analyses are performed on the Boeing system following the
procedures outl i ned by Mi 1 hous et a 1.(1981)as adapted by the Aquatic
Habitat and Instream Flow Hydraulic Engineer and AH Project Leader.
Mainframe Computer Data Base Management:
Data manipulation,retrieval,listing,
mainframe computer will be managed
SIR(Scientific Information Retrieval,SIR
and reporting operations,on the
via the software package of
1979)•
SIR is a hi erarchica 1 record-oriented data base management system (DBMS).
Accordingly,information stored for a particular data base can be
"tree-structured".For example,only one record/observation needs to be
stored for information describing a whole page of data,while multiple
records/observations are stored for information describing the individual
lines of data on the original field data form.SIR has keys which allow
for easy access to the appropriate whole-page type of data associated with
each individual line of data.The majority of data bases created via SIR
by the Data Processing Support Unit will be structured according to the
format and nature of the field data form on which the data was originally
recorded.However,some of the data bases will consist of combinations of
separate data bases (e.g.catch of fish and aquatic habitat associated with
the catch).
-111-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
Specific details of data base creation,loading,updating,maintenance,and
report production is included in the SIR User's Manual (SIR 1979).
Interfacing of SIR to the statistical software of SPSS (SPSS 1970)and BMDP
(Dixon and Brown 1979)is also outlined in the SIR User's Manual.
In addition to using SIR's built-in reporting procedures along with the
stati sti ca 1 packages of SPSS and BMDP,customized reporti ng programs can be
written in CDC FORTRAN (CDC 1980b)or CDC COBOL (CDC 1980a).Data files to
be used in these programs can be original files as received from the
microcomputer or files reformatted,combined,or sorted by SIR or CDC
Sort/Merge (CDC 1980c).
Data listing and report printer files can be printed on the high-speed line
printer located at Boeing's Remote Job Entry (RJE)site in Anchorage,
However,letter quality printing can be accomplished by the microcomputer's
printer via the following procedures:
1.II Save"printer output from various programs (e.g.SIR)in file
format.
2.Wrap the file,i.e.run the FORTRAN program WRAP which formates
the printer file for sending to the microcomputer.
3.Send the file to the microcomputer (via BSTMS).
4.Unwrap received file,i.e.run PL/I-80 UNWRAP program on
mi c rocompu te r.
5.Print file with PL/I-80 PRINTCC command.
-112-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
III.DATA PROCEDURES
A.ADULT ANADROMOUS FISHERIES STUDIES
1.Side Scan Sonar Operations
1.PRINTER TAPE STAMP:Each day·s printer tape will be stamped
(Figure 13)at the beginning and end of the tape as well as
anytime during the day that control settings are changed.Each
morni ng the tape is to be removed from the counter,stamped on
both sides of the tear and filled with the same information on
each stamp.
2.DAILY LOG FOR SIDE SCAN SONAR COUNTER FORM:This is a summary of
changes in controls which will be updated daily (Table 3).The
information is necessary when interpreting sonar counts and
calibration factor data.
3.SIDE SCANNER COUNTER LOG FORM:Details the mechanics of
operation of the counter,substrate and related equipment (Table
4).Any apparent malfunctions should be recorded with
description,frequency,and consistency noted.Also,changes in
sensitivity,spare card changes,raising or moving of substrate,
anticipated problems,and needed repairs on equipment.This is
the place where suggestions on improving operations,notes on
river conditi ons whi ch mi ght have an effect on the equi pment,and
general comments should be noted.
4.DAILY SONAR COUNTS FORM:Sonar counts from printer tapes are
entered by hour and sector (Table 5).Counts which register
debris or are skipped in printing should be noted with a IId ll or
"S "in the appropriate hour-sector box.Enter "0"if there are
no counts.To tabul ate data:An average of the hour on each
side of a skip will be used to interpolate for the debris or skip
block.Counts should be totalled for each sector and each hour.
The grand total is the total of all sectors or all hours (they
-113-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
shoul d be equal).Thi sis known as the "dai ly raw count".After
each day's counts are tabulated and reported,printer tapes and
SSS count forms are to be placed in notebooks and sent to the
main office every two weeks.
5.SIDE SCAN SONAR COUNTER FIELD COUNTER CALIBRATION LOG FORM:Raw
counts will be calibrated in season by visual monitoring of the
counters with an oscilliscope.Counters will be calibrated a
minimum of four times daily.All calibration counts are to be
recorded on the Side Scanning Sonar Counter Field Calibration Log
form (Table 6).
-114-
,---------_._.---,------
Location:_
Da te :Time,:_
Beam Angle:_
Ve 1oc ity :_
Dead Range:,_
Live Range :_
Db serve r:_
Remarks :_
Figure 13.Printer tape stamp.
~115-
Table 3.Daily log for side scan counter,AA-82-12
Page of AA-8Z-1Z
DAILY LOG FOR SIDE SCAN SONAR COUNTER
_________Station ~ank:SIN:_
Conmand Auto
Fhh Beam Dead Counting Print Printout TeH
Date Time Velocity Angle Range Range Time Time Time
I :
!
i I
I I
I I I
-116-
..,
Table 4.Side scanner counter log.AA-82-13
Page _Of_
_________Station
Bank:_
AA-82-13
Side Scanner Counter tog
Date Time Remarks (i.e.Substrate lifted,any controls reset,etc.)
-117-
Tab 1e 5.Da ily sana r counts.AA-82-09
AA-82-09
Page
Bank:
of Daily Sonar Counts
Date:
Stat ion:_
Time 2
Sector
3 4 5 6 Total 7 8
Sector
9 10 11 12 Tota 1
0100 i
0200
0300 I
0400
0500
0600
0700
0800
0900
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500 I
1600
1700
1800
1900 I
2000
2100
2200
2300
2400
Tot"l
(Total raw counts)
--------------(Total debris counts)
________(Total good counts)
(debris blocl:.s)
....yo"""t<":a'""j--=-go"""o:-:lar-::'"co""'u=n ts If.144
Total good blocl:.s ___
Adjusted Raw CDunt
(Sec to r~1-6 )--------------------
(Total raw counts)
----------------(Total debris counts)
________________(Total good counts)
(debris blocks)
....1o"""t<":a-rj-g""o""'o""'a-c:":o"""'u-::"n ts If.144
Total good blocks ___
Adjusted Raw Count
(Sectors 1-6)--------------------
TOTAL DAILY ESCAPEMENT (Adjusted raw count sectors 1-6 •7-12)=C0I1~I~NTS ON BACK ---------------
-118-
-
Table 6.Side scan sonar counter filed calibration 109,AA-82-10
AA·8Z-10
SlOE SCAN SONAR COUNTER fiELD CALIBRATION LOG
SIN:Bank:Station
,
Percent 8ealll fishDateObserverTimeSco~Sonar Agree-Width Velocity Sensl-ComnenU
--Start ~top Count Count ment All.•(Sec/ft)tlv;ty
(I)(Z)(I+Z )100 2-.4-
I
-119-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
2.Tag/Recapture Operations
Daily Procedures:
1.Daily fishwheel catches will be reported on the Daily Fishwheel
Catch Log form (Table 7 or Table 8).Each time a fishwheel is
checked,the catch will be recorded along with the corresponding
time in military hours.Following the last daily check,the
catches will be summarized and entered in the appropriate space.
2.Fish tagged at each sampling station will be recorded on the Tag
Deployment Log form (Table 9).This form may be used between
fishwheels.Information recorded on each fish tagged shall
include:date,tag number,fishwheel location,species and sex.
A summary of the tagging data by species shall be entered in the
space provided on the bottom of the form.
3.Tag recaptures from other sampling stations will be logged on the
Tag Recapture Record form (Tabl e 10).Recorded information shall
include:fishwheel location;tag number,color and type;and
species.A summary of recapture data by species shall be entered
in the space indicated on the form.Fish recaptured at the
sampling station where they were tagged will be released and will
not be recorded on the Fishwheel Daily Catch Record form or the
Tag Recapture Record form.
-120-
Table 7.Daily fishwheel catch log.AA-82-01A
-
Page of
Date TVY/tt1/D'D'T':I I
____---'Stati'Dn ---
AA-BZ-OIA
Geographic Codes
Daily Fishwheel Catch Log
!
Fishwheel Salmon Whitefish Illsc.iotAl
CHC~
Hours Hump-BerIng
Location Operated chinook socke.ve pink churn coho'Round back Ci sco Species ~Io.
Eastbank
Upper i
Ea 5tbank I
Lower I
I
:EASTBAIlI(
\
TOTAL
Westbank IUpperi
Westbank ILowerI
\
WESTBANI(
TOTAL
DAILY TOTAL!
EAST AND i
I
I
WEST BANI(I i I
1 II
Comnents:
-+21-
Table 8.Daily fishwheel catch log,AA-82-01B
Page of
Date TYVmvotl'l:"""/ /
____---'StatiOri ---
Dally Fishwheel Catch log
Fishwheel Salmon Whl tefi sh Misc.Total
Catch
Hours !Hump-Ilerlng
speciesllocationOperatedchinooksockeYeIpinkchumcohoRoundbackCisco No.
I
I
Northbank
Upper
Northbank I
lower
NORTHBANK
TOTAL
Southbank
Upper
Southbank
lower.
SOUTH BANK
TOTAL
DAllY TOTAL I
I
NORTH AND
ISOUTHBANK
Cornnents:
-122-
Table 9.Tag deployment log,AA-82-14
AA-82-14
Page of Tag Deployment log
Project location (camp):___-'---'---'--'---'
I SI~X ~lsnwneel Uftlce Use
Date Taq Number i Species M ~Location Only
I
I
SIIEET SUMMARY:No.Fish Tagged.
Chinook Sockeye Pink
Total
-123-
Chum Coho
Table lO.Tag recaptured log,AA-82-19
AA-1l2-19
Page of TAG RECAPTUREO RECORD
Project Location (camp):,_1 1 1__1 I
Fishwheel TaQ leave Bank
Date Location Species ~olorll Type 31 (office use only)
Number
I
I
I
.I
SHEET SUMI-IARY 1
No.Recaptures
Chinook
Sockeye --------
Pink
Chum ---------
Coho _
TOTAL:
11 Color:Int.Orange'0
Yellow Y
Wh i te •W
2/Floy Spaghptti S
Pptersen Disc P
-124-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
3.Mainstem Survey Operations
The El ectrofi shi ng Catch Log form (Table 11)wi 11 be compl eted after each
sampling drift.The Electrofishing Data Record for Spawning Fish form
(Table 12)will be used to record mainstem anadromous fish spawning sites
and the Adult Anadromous and Resident Spawning Site Map form (Table 13)
will be used to map these spawning areas.
The Egg Deposition Log form (Table 14)will be used to record data
collected in egg deposition sampling on suspected mainstem spawning areas.
Information recorded will include:date,site,location,and number of
eggs,live and dead,sampled.
4.Slough and Tributary Surveys
Foot surveys on streams and sloughs will be recorded on the Escapement
Survey Log form (Table 15).Data recorded on each survey will "include,
date,stream or slough name,survey conditions,distance surveyed,live and
dead fish counted by species and number of live tagged fish by tag type and
color.The "Remarks"column,in particular will include names of survey
staff and reference to any tag loss.Tags on carcasses wi 11 be removed as
schedule permits and the information recorded on the back side of the
Escapement Survey Log form.
Aerial escapement survey data on chinook salmon will be recorded on the
Chinook Salmon Survey Log form (Table 16).Information recorded will
include:survey date,conditions,distance (or reach),and method;number
of live and dead chinook salmon counted;and surveyors name.
5.Mainstem Set Netting
Results of set netting by the Gold Creek survey crew will be recorded on
the RM 150 Set Net Log form (Table 17).Information recorded will include:
date,fishing time,location and catch.
-125-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
6.Bering Cisco Monitoring
The Daily Fishwheel Catch Log form (Table 7)will be used to record
fishwheel interceptions of Bering Cisco.Age and length samples will be
collected as defined in Appendix XI,Age and Length Sampling Operations -
Instructi ons and Codi ng except that 1engths will be recorded to the nearest
millimeter and will be taken from the tip-of-snout to fork-of-tail.
7.Eulachon Survey Operations
Set netting result will be recorded on the Eulachon --Estuarine Set
Netting Log form (Table 18).Recorded data will include site location,
date,fishing time and catch by species.
The Eulachon Spawning Location Log form (Table 19).will be used to record
where spawning is found in the mainstem.Information recorded will include
a legal description of the location,estimate of abundance and dates.
Sex composition samples will be recorded on the Eulachon Sex Composition
Log form (Table 20).Individual age (otoliths)samples will be stored in
pre-labeled vials containing a 50 percent ethanol solution.Corresponding
weight and length measurements,collectors name,date,and sampling
location will be entered in the space provided on each vial label.
-126-
-
Tab 1elL E1ec t ra f ish in9 ca tc h 1a g,AA -82-03
AA-8Z-03
Electroshocking Catch Log
Crew:_
Samp 1e:_
Date (YY/MM/DD):__1 1 __
Time (mil itary):_
Distance Shocked (yards):__
Conductivity:_
Location:_
Upper River Mile:_
Trib.River Mile:_
Geographic Code 11 :J__J __J_J __J_
Time Shocked (seconds):_
Surface Water Temperature:_
Species'Catch Remarks
Adult Anadromous
Chinook (041....)_
Sockeye (042..:-)_
Coho (043....)_
Pink (044..1.)_
Chum (045.1..l _
Resident
Dolly Varden (530..!.)~_
Rainbow (541.:-)_
Humpback Whitcfis~(582~)_
Round Whi tefi sh (586..1.)_
Arct i c:Grayl ing (610.:-)_
Longnose sucker (640.:-)_
Burbot (<590..1..)_
.Iuveni 1e Anadromous
Chinnok _
Socke.ve _
Coho _
11 Geoqr~phic cnrlr for upper rivrr ~ile
-127-
------------,,----_...
-
Table 12.Electrofishing data record for spawning fish,AA-82-02
!\f,-X?-02
Electroshocking Oata Record for SpawninQ Fish
Crew:
Sample:_
Da te (YY I M/'1/DD):__1__1__
Time (mil ita ry):_
Location
Geographic Code l/: _1 1 1__1 I
Upper River Mile:
Trib.River tli1e:
Local Description:_
Distance Shocked (yards):
Time Shocked (secondS):_
Electrode System:_
Current Type:_
Volts:
Amperage:
Frequency:_
Pul~p.Width 2/:__
Cl')nductivity:
RefM rk~:
~,
,/'·10<1,..I Vvr'-l ~1 ""1,/
-128-
Table 13.Adult Anadromous &Resident spawning site map,AA-82-05
AA-82-0S
Adult Anadromous &Resident Spawning Site Map
Sample:_
Date ("/"1/00):_
Crew:Tdb.River Hile:------
Location:Rlv~r Mile ll :GC 2/:-!_
Oescription:_
1/Up~r river mile
2/Grnqr~ph;r rn~c fnr upper r;vrr m;l~
-129-
-
Table 14.Egg deposition log,AA-82-17
Page _of_.AA-82-l7
EGG DEPOSITION LOG
DATE 1/;------
LOCATION;RIVER HILE GEOGRAPHIC CODE:_// /__/__-1
Plot Number NUHBER EGGS REHARKS 21
(Sequential)LlVt.Dt.AD TOTAL
i
!TOTALS:
1/(YY/MM/DD)
2/Include n~mes of survey staff and substrate description
-130-
-
Table 15.Escapement survey log,AA-82-18
of AA-82-18
ESCAPEHENT SURVEY LOG
ilough Date 21 Survey 3/Species No.Obsel"Ved No.LI ve fa ]oed
COIIIIIents SI~o./Stream ona.luutance SUl"Veyed
ive4 /
Peterson ISC Soa ettl
Dud Total
uhitel Yellow Oranoe Oranoe YellO\o
:111 nook
Sockeye :
:
Pink
Chum I
Coho I I
I
Chinook I:
Sockeye
Pink
ChUftl
Coho
Chinook
Sockeye
Pink
ChUftl.Coho
Chinook
Sockeye
Pink
Chum
Coho
11 StreamlSlough confluence with lftIinstem Susitna River
31 SUl"Vey conditions:poor.fair.good or excellent
Surveyed Dist~nce:Note to nearest 0.1 mile
21 (YV/I91/DD)
4/Include all live tagged And unta9ged fish.
51 NOTE:Survey Personnel.Predator Activity.and tag loss.etc.
-131-
Tnble 16.Chinook salmon survey log.AA-82-16
Page of -AA·8Z·i6
Chinook Salmon Survey Log
Strum Survey Chinook Salmon Counted RemarkS ZI
Surveyed Date if ~lethod onoltl0ns live UUQ I IOUI
I
i
I !
I
I
II
I
1/
ZI (YY /1111/00)
Note:Surveyers Name.Survey reach or sub.reach if entire stream not surveyed.
-132-
-
Tab1e 17.RM 150 set net log,AA-82-15
AA-82-15
Page _of_.
AM 150 Set Net Log
Si te:No.1.
No.2.
No.J.
No •-.
RH 150.4
RH 150.2
RH 150.1
RH
oeltlon NettIng lrne(f ,Itc
Dlte :lite Klver "'Ie tleg 1n end oUI Hours i ~oekeye P,nk Ulum COhO Othe RemuKs41
No.
I
I
I
11 Refer to 1981 mlP defining set net locations.
21 Military hours.
JI Note species composition in "RemarKS·column.
41 Include names of set net staff.river flow conditions.
fish (i.e.pre-spawning.spawning or post spawning).
-133-
fishing conditions.and development stage of
-
Table 18.Eu1achon --Estuarine set netting log,AA-82-07
AA-82-07
Page _of _Site 1 / /I I ISite2-/---/---1--/---1-
Site 1==1==_1=-1==-1=
Eulachon --Estuarine Set Netting Log
Datell Si le No.Tide FishinQ Time 21 (atch (orrrnents
tit.TIme Net Iota I tu ac on vtnerJI
IN out (min.)re-Post
soawners soawners
11 yy II1H/DD
21 Military Time
JI Identify species in comment section
-134-
-
Table 19.Eulachon spawning location log,AA-82-06
AA-8Z-06
Of
Eulachon Spawning LOCAtion LOg 11
Spawning Location Habitat Conments 51
Date Zl Evaluated31 Sitp'41RIverr11Ie111ClpOlnt
liMits (1/10)(Geographic Code)Yes (\l No.
ower upper No (Z
-1__1__1_1__' 1
_1 __1__1_1__1
_1 __1__1_1__1
-1__1__1_1__1
_1__1__1_1__1
_1__1__1_1__1
1/Complete form on those.sites where ill of the following criteria are met:A)Fish are freely expelling eggs or Milt.
9)Fish are in vigorous free-swimming condition.C)Twenty or MOre fish are cau9ht in the initial or subseouent
site saMpl;na effort which meet criteria A through B.
21 (n/It1/DOI 31 Indicate by numerical code for yes or no.
4/
51
If habitat evaluated.assign a site identification number (e.g.,AH-1,AH-Z)
InclUde subjective estimate of spawner abundance (i.e.,low.moderate.high)and whe~possible an objective estimate.
-135-
Table 20.Eulachon sex composition log,AA-82-08
AA-82-08
Eulachon Sex Composition Log
-
Date 11 Location 21 No.Sampled Remarks 3/
(River Mile)Hale Female Total
--
1/
2/
3/
(YY/HM/DD)
Define to nearest 0.1 River Mile
Note:collectors name.spawning condition.etc.
-136-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
B.RESIDENT AND JUVENILE ANADROMOUS FISHERIES STUDIES
1.Data forms
Resident and Juvenile Anadromous Fisheries (RJ)study field data forms are
presented in Figures 14 through 24.
Table 21 presents a summary of the data forms that will be used by each of
the Resident Juvenile sub-projects.
The Phase I data forms have been modified and revised based on input from
the project biometrician and several new forms have also been developed.
The new biological data form (RJ 82-02)will be used whenever fish are
captured.The Phase I catch form was divided into two seperate forms (RJ
82-01)and (RJ 82-05).(RJ 82-01)will be used to record catches from
standard gear (i.e.minnow traps,fish traps,and trot1ines)which are
fished at sampling sites on a regular basis.Catches from opportunistic
gear (i.e.gill nets,hook and line,e1ectroshockers,and beach seines)
which are utilized less frequently or as time allows are recorded on (RJ
82-05).These forms will be used primarily by the fish distribution study
crews on the lower river.In the impoundment,where hook and line sampling
is the most used sampling technique,two different sampling forms (RJ
82-06)and (RJ 82-07)will be used to record catch by gear type.The
e1ectrofishing crew will log their catch data on (AA 82-03).All crews
tagging fish will use the new tag deployment (RJ 82-03)and tag recapture
(RJ 82-04)forms which replace the single tagging form used last year.Two
new forms have been developed to record smolt trap catch data (RJ 82-08)
and biological data (RJ 82-09).In addition a new form has been designed
to record aquatic habitat data (AH 82-01)which will be collected by RJ
fish distribution crews.This form contains information on water quality,
staff gage measurements,and substrate data.E1 ectroshocking crews wi 11
record data on (AA 82-02),(AA 82-05),(AH 82-ES-01)whenever they discover
concentrations of spawning fish or identifiable spawning sites.(AA 82-02)
will be used to record e1ectroshocking data for spawning fish.Spawning
-137-
FilO NO.0~-82-7.10-2.71 'aQe __ol __
SUSITNA HYDRO STANDARD GEAR CATCH DATA RJ 82-01
T ...IE.c..tc"-•••c•••.e .....,,"",.,
0.'".,11 ••Tellll_a •••" •
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
FO/SFH I..I.I.I..~oc.llo"Rl.lfTRM ac _
0.,0:a ..,SOl ---:;/__/___G ...Pullod __1__/__Conecto,'nltlal,_
C..I'w .....
,•••,.SN "••
I ~!I
I,,
,
I
r
I
I
I
I
I
,,
;
L....-.""':"'----L----U.--.l---I--...J..-..l..-I:=Jl...........l-....lLi _
1,0iII-~--;1--"_1-----------
Figure 14.Susitna Hydro standard genr c~trh data form,RJ 82-01.
-138-
Fol.NO.03-82-7.10-2.72
SUSITNA HYDRO BIOLOGICAL DATA RJ 82-02
-
'101_0'__
FOISFH L I.L LLoc.llo"RlAITRlA OC ._
0.'.COtlIChCl_,_,_/-;;e/-;;;-Cohle,of '"III.le _
I ••ct••L·"t'"~~....•••-.c.,.0 •.,..........II••t ••Nw-••,H 1III •••,t,•
e •••I_I ..,....c •••u....)
I I
I
I ..
I I~,,Ir;;:I
-II I I I~II~I I I
IJ i:I ;I
~H+f..I I I~I~
"l-
I~
II I
I-
10 •
C....·.A'.:
Figure 15.$usitna Hydro biological data form,RJ 82.02.
-139-
-
FII.NO.03-a2-1.10-2.13
SUSITNA HYORO TAG OEPLOYMENT OAT A RJ 82-03
D•••I !,.,.......,G ••,•••••••L ••"...........L ••"'a.·11I1••'....
e •••r·.....'or c •••r••)
0
0 I
.01 I
01 I
01 I I
01 !i I
01 i 1 1
o~I I
oi
01 I
0 I I 1
o!I
0 I
01
01
01 I
0
0
0
0
c.·-....:
Figure 16.Susitna Hydro tag deployment d~ta form,RJ 82-03.
-140-
-
FII.NO.03·a2·T.10-2.T~
SUSITNA HYDRO TAG RECAPTURE DATA RJ 82-04
/
1,0 ...I j
,
0 ••'L.....11It J
:,.,.........!:••••M".L.e .....-...,.....!I c •••",..,..,1-1 •
101
01
0
10 I
10
10 I
0 I I
0 I
0 I
0 I
0
0
01
10 I
10 I
0
10
10
10
0 I
Figure 17.Susitna Hydro tag recapture data form,RJ 82-04.
-141-
______.....__~c,_._.._~
cc,__.__.__,_
-
PIOI __ol __
SUSlTNA HYDRO OPPORTUNISTIC GEAR CATCH DATA RJ 82-05
FO/SFHloc••iol'l _RI.lITRI.l _
0 ...:G •.,5.1 /-/a•.,Pvled __/__/__COlector 1"'11111 _
ell'c.•••"111 ...:",'~t"~~I'."1.1
, I ..I.......'.'.1 ....,..
I '
I 11.5''.0'
1.5''.5'
1.5'2.0'
1.5'2.5'
I I.1 11.5'1.0'
1.5'1.5'
1.5'2.0'
1.5'2.5'
I J I I
I I
I I
9.--2-:-..,.·----:·~_t-_U
_"_'--"-'-"-'-"-'-"-"-'-'"-'-'-
'---'-;I~,::-II-:""'.......••Ito
H'·"g@~,.......-----
C'--I"',:
Figure 18,Susitna Hydro opportunistic gp.ar catch data form,RJ 82.05.
-142-
-
'11.tlo.03-e2-7.10-2.7$
SUS1TNA HYORO OP~ORTUNISTIC GeAR CA TCH OA T A
·,··__o,__
RJ 82-05
'OISFHLocallon _At.l/TAt.I _GC_// /__L __
/--1 au,Pulled __/__/__COIoCIO.1"llIel._O.u:G•.,Set _
u_u w.,••,••
, I ..I e.teltl.'••el.,e.,...".'U "...,,.I.,,..••tI I ....
--AIIc."'\-1-1.;-----
.....1 NI
l ' I
I
r I.I I
I
I 3 !;
I I I
I I I
Figure 19.5usitna Hydro alternate opportunitic gear catch data form,
RJ 82-05.
-143-
,.tc "'0.0:1-82-'.10-2.10
-
~.g._OI __
SUSITNA HYDRO PROPOSED IMPOUNDMENT HOOK &LINE CATCH DATA
RJ 82-06
l.oc.II.~RM cc -'L __L_L __
A ••Ch TR'"
0.0
0.\
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0 ••
0.7
0 ••
To'.'Tifft.•••
I----+--+----t--t-.--t--.._..- .
Figure 20.Susitna Hydro proposed impoundment hook and line catch data form,
RJ 82-06.
-144-
r ...1"10 U.J-d',l-'.tU-il.."01
SUSI TtJA IlvOno POOPOSEO IMPOUNDMENT OTHEn GE"n C"TCH 0"T"
OJ 02-07
loc-lIon n ..,rn..CC _/L __I.-_L __
0 ...:Set __'-_L_Pu1te4 __,__1__Collecto,','"H6."_
,...c ••c.-•••c....c •••A."'.'....Q •••",-....w ....Ie•••l ...........-.."wt ••4i T...,•••I I I
I"1"',;,,~I';;'!EffE§81----
I I
~.
Fiqure 21.Susitna Hydro proposed imroundmpnt oth~r gear cat.ch data form,
R,182-07.
-145-
..
''''"a.OJ-&2-7.IO-2.1&
SUSlTNA HYORO OOWNSTREAM MIGRANT TRAP CATCH OATA RJ 82-08
~oc"'aft -AIoI _GC _,,-__L _,-__,_
0 ...COII.Cled __L _L_"...Ill...,Con.e,o,·,1t\~U.h _
I .!I .
c.tc~-S~ocl ..I
\
Tt"".I Cado
R."".,""
I ...:e"u tl f ,....~~~...•11 .,.U,•••.......0 1410
,I ~I I I Ii,I i -.I i I r
I I
I i
..--f--_.--.,
i
I,
I
._-..
f-....
---..-
~..• _..--.L._
0.11,'•••1 -
CO""",."I S
Figure 22.Susitna Hydro downstream migrant trap catch data form,RJ 82-08.
-146-
loc.I'oft _
SUSITN'"tiyono OOWNS TRE .......MIGn ...NT TR ...P DIOlOGIC"'l 0 ...T...RJ 82-09
n ...<;c _''-__'__L __'-
D.'.ColloCI.d __L _,__,t .._••,....COIlOClo'"1 Iftili,,"
-_.....~
I ••c"."........Ac.&',...".-....c •••(--......N ••c ••q'-~'-r-----
1-1-
1-1-1-_.
•
•
•
I .-•
•~-••
II
It......
1-,...,...
10
I'
II
IS
I'
U
•••c ....".........ac •••,.....-....Ic•••(--......Ne.<:•••
I.I
II
"I.
.0.,
n
II
••
ao
II
or
••..
••.,
"••..
••..
"'.••
00
Figure 23.Susitna Hydro downstl-eam migrant trap biological
RJ 82-09.
-147-
data form,
r,...tic Ploe_o'_
SUS/TNA HYDRO AOUA TIC HABIT A T FIELD DATA
GC _L __L __L_LRMfTAM
~DI S~..
LOtlhO"
S"~::lII'flII:Silt O.terl~llot\_
0.,.__,__,__SI ..~lI~g PI,lod CollICIO,',1~lIhl,_
",oTER OUA~ITY DATA SUBSTRATE DATA
:....,I 1.~.I 1 ....,
...ht._,'.-"I '.1 I I
,.......a ..••,.1·..1.-••I I.I .1
r I
;I',.....,e O.,....i I.
a••c c.....C.·....,'t II.•1 •••••a el-l I 1.1 II..,"".C U ,I I 1.1 I ,
'..,e'clt,I I I I
~::f."'UI 1'("'~-.-."'O"".-~"":-.-.""I",,,,,---------~-.,-.-.----------1
--_._------_._--------
I----+-1---+-------------1
'.f".II,1.",..0 '--f--.+---1I---+----------------j
~<I'<I Chit o ••,IJ
'•••.,<11<1 c",,:I."••"<lt.O<ll'fl .......
",lit ..,,ft~f.'.,,,'II~<I'
00 t f •-,.I'...,"
oU II>'......-,".,"
Co --.,.-10"
10 ,•.,1'"It ...'<I-,,'....'C"
sro"C ..C~"EASUREMENTS
~C;.g.roo ._
I I ,..I •.'e;'e.a,e:.'''f 'lc..I <I cJc:•.,•a,'"".I ...u..:...X I '.'I t.I I I t.,I j
:"'"'--.I t.I i I 1.1 t t I.i
~~~I ,.I 1.\I ,1.1 I I 1.11.-I I "I I.I I I.
'Figure 24.Susitna Hydro aquatic habitat field data form,AH-82-01.
-148-
.-
Table 21.List of 1982 Su Hydro field data forms utilized by RJ
sub-projects.
I Res ident A .)uveni Ie Anadromou~Fonns 11 Adult 2/·~.."a I.1C ~tt;"o!Ir,'\n~tjrof:'nU\
I "oms rO~fj
L .....,-.-.....-..,......,...,~..,...'"a-N ......,-..,....-'"'"'7 '7 '7 '7 '7 "i'...'7 '7 "i'c "i'':;>~~~...c
Sub-project N N N N N N ..N N N N ....N N '"~...
'"'"'"'"'"'"~'"a:a:: a::'"CI)a::c::II:.,
~
.,.,.,.,';;.,.,.,.,<< <;;:;;:c::""""""'"'"""""""'"<""<-
E1~c:,'osnock i ng and X X X X X X X XRadioTelemetryStudy
Incubation,Emeregent.X XandOutmigrantStudy
Impoundment Stud)'X X X X X
,ish Oistr;bution StUdy X X X X X X X
.__.
Foo~Habits Study41
-.
II
Z!
3/
~I
Sample forms and discussion of specif C data collect on present~d n RJ Append;•.
Sample forms and discussion of specH C data collect on prese"t~l!n AA
Sample forms an~discussion of specH c data collect on I'rescnt~d n M'
Forms for Fond Habits Study currently beinq drafted.
-149-
-------------_.._-".
6/30/83 (Corrected)
sites of adult anadromous and resident fish will be mapped on (AA 82-05).
(AH 82-ES-Ol)is designed for recording aquatic habitat data at spawning
sites discovered by electroshocking crews.
Detailed instructions for coding the forms dicussed in the preceding
paragraph are explained in Appendix IX to this manual.
2.Specific data to be collected
Biological Data:
Biological data collected from each species will be the same as in the
Phase I studies with the following exceptions:
1.Otoliths will be collected from Dolly Varden mortalities for age
analysis instead of scales.Scales collected last year were too
small to be readable.
2.Heads of all IIhumpback ll whitefish mortalities will be collected
in order to identify to species by gill raker counts.
3.Cottids will also be identified to species by collecting any
cottid not readily identified as a slimy sculpin.
4.The electrofishing crew will take scale samples from the first 20
fish of each species captured and then 10 percent thereafter on a
daily basis.
Catch and Effort Data:
Catch and effort data will be recorded for each species as it was in Phase
I studies to help determine relative abundance.
Tag and Recapture Data:
-150-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
Tag and recapture efforts have been increased duri ng the 1982 ice-free
field season with the aid of an expanded electroshocking program.
Increased numbers of tagged and recaptured fish will generate a greater
understandi ng of fi sh di stri buti ons and movements in the Sus itna Ri ver
drainage.
Aquatic Habitat Data:
Aquatic habitat parameters will be collected at all fish distribution
sampling locations and suspected spawning sites.Water quality data such
as temperature,pH,dissolved oxygen,conductivity,and turbidity will be
recorded.In addition stage changes of the river will be monitored via
staff gage measurements and general substrate and cover characteri sti cs
will also be recorded.
3.Report Format
The reports on the studies previously identified will be prepared upon
completion of the 1982 field season,although various levels of data
processing and reporting will occur during the field season.The field
data will be transferred to the Anchorage office and filed under
appropriate categories.In addition,a field trip prospectus and a field
trip report will be submitted by each crew upon returning from the field.
Detailed field notes will be also recorded by the field crew members and
sub-project leaders.
The reporting format for the draft and final 1982 field season resident and
juvenile reports will be altered somewhat from the previous years
investigations.The reports will address each of the following
sub-objectives:
A.The distribution and abundance of the resident and juvenile anadromous
fish of the Susitna River below Devil Canyon.
1.Factors influencing the distribution and abundance of each
species.
-151-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
2.Basic biological data on the distribution and abundance of
Susitna River species.
B.The emergence and outmigration timing of salmon species occupying the
river above the Chulitna confluence.
Thi s report wi 11 encompass the outmi grati on work estab 1i shed by the
smolt trap,incorporate applicable results of the juvenile
distribution studies,and provide a report of the winter emergence
data collected in the spring of 1982.
C.The development of eggs and juvenile salmon in the river reach above
the Chulitna River confluence.
This report is separated from the previous report because this study
wi 11 proceed throught the wi nter of 1982-83.The fi na 1 report wi 11
not be submitted until the early summer of 1983 because of the study
continuing through the entire 1982-83 winter.The 1982 and 1983
spring emergence data will be included in this report.
D.The distribution and abundance of fish within the boundaries of the
proposed impoundment.
E.Food preference for selected species and invertebrate distribution in
habitats associated with the mainstem Susitna above the Chulitna
confluence.
In all of these reports.data collected from the different crews outlined
in the field program will be integrated as necessary.This information
will be used as appropriate to address the objectives outlined for each
report.
-152-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
C.AQUATIC HABITAT AND INSTREAM FLOW STUDIES
1.Data Forms
Processing of data will be an ongoing activity during the sampling period
with data analysis,summarization,and report preparation commencing
immediately after freeze-up.Field trip reports will be completed
immediately after each sampling trip and will be limited to highlighting
the findings of each sampling trip.Data forms to be completed in the
field and reviewed in the office will be submitted to the data processing
unit immediately upon completion of each sampling trip,for entry into the
project computer data base.The draft report will be completed by the 30th
of January 1983.
Thirteen data forms will be used during FY 83 field studies (Table 22 and
Figures 25-37).Several of these forms were used during FY 82 field
studies,several were adapted from FY 82 data forms and others are newly
developed.These forms include:
1.AH-82-03 Planimetric Map Form (Figure 25).A map delineating the
study site and important habitat characteristics is drawn on this
form.
2.AH-82-04 Discharge Form (Figure 26).This form is used to record
discharge measurements and respective calculations.
3.AH-82-05 Stage Data Field Form (Figure 27).This form is used to keep
a complete record of all readings made on a specific staff gage.
4.AH-82-07 General Habitat Data Form (Figure 28).This form is used to
record general habitat characteristics measured in the field at
general study sites.
5.AH-82-ES-01 Aquatic Habitat Data Electroshocking Form (Figure 29).
This form is used to record general habitat characteristics measured
in the field at sites studied by the FHU electrofishing crew.
-153-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
6.AH-ES-W1NTER Aquatic Habitat Data Electrofishing Winter Form (Fiogure
30).This form is used to record general habitat characteristics
measured in the field during winter at sites studied by the AH
electrofishing crew.
7.AH-82-FHU-1 Salmon Spawning Habitat Utilization Form (Figure 31).
This form is used to record hydraulic and other physical data measured
by FHU slough study personnel at salmon spawning redds.
8.AH-82-FHU-2 Water Quality Form (FIgure 32).This form is used to
record water quality data measured at FHU slough study sites.
9.AH-82-FHU-3 Available Habitat (Discharge)Form (Figure 33).This form
is used to record discharge and transect survey data collected for use
in hydraulic and availability modeling at FHU slough study sites.
10.AH-82-FHU-4 1ntragravel/Surface Water Measurements Form (Figure 34).
This form is used to record water quality data measured in intragravel
standpipes and adjacent zones of surface water at FHU slough study
sites.
11.AH-83-1FE-01 Water Quality Field Form (Figure 35).This form is used
to record water quality characteristics measured at 1FE study sites.
12.AH-82-1FE-02 Discharge Data Summary-Office Form (Figure 36).This
form is used to record discharge and respective stage readings
obtained at IFE stage/discharge gaging stations.
13.AH-83-1FE-03 Staff Gage Elevation Summary-Office Form (Figure 37).
This form is completed in the office to summarize the top of staff
gage elevation for each staff gage and the corresponding gage number,
date,compass heading,distance from TBM and TBM 1.D.#.
-154-
II--'U1U1;7/7/83(Corrected)Table22.DataformsusedtorecordaquatichabitatdatacollectedbythevariousAHsub-programelementsduringFY83.~I--I0::...NM..,....NM«12...w0 0 0 0 00 0~0l-I IIIII IIZ=>=>=>=>wwWNM..,.11'I\0.....NM11'I...NM..,.11'IM..,.11'I.....lI)-iE:I::I::I:U.U.U.0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000 00 0 00w3:u.u.u.---II,II,IIIIIIIIIIIII I II III I INNNNNNNNN...............NNNNNlI)NNNNNNNCD CD CD CD CD CD CDCDCD CD CD CDCDCDCDCD CD CD CDWCDCD CD CDCD CD CDIII III IIII I I I II,IIIIII IIIII....,....,....,....,....,~«««:I:~:I:~:I:~:I::I:~:I:~:I:~:I:~:I::I::I:0::0::0::0::0::««««««««««««««FY83AHSubprojectUseowerRiverFishHabitatUtilizationSLOUGHSXXX X X XowerRiverFishHabitatUtilizationMAINSTEM(Electroshock)XXX XXXXX X X XINSTREAMFLOWXX XX X)I~pperRiverFishHabitatStudies(IMPOUNDMENT)XX X X XX XXFY82AHProjectUseX X X X XSampleformsanddiscussionofspecificdatacollectionpresentedinRJsection.2SampleformsanddiscussionofspecificdatacollectionpresentedinAAsection.
C;lge ,_..::0:::......_Ilelgh!
C;C _®_''__' '
PLANIMETRIC MAP
"H'-I2-03
flit No.CD
Dlte __0.:::8:::....-_
Crt"_----:0:::2::....-_
Hlblt.l locotlon _....::0~_S...pllng SHe _®.:::4:....-....:RI •er Hilt
Description __----:®""IO::....-_
@
(ADFiG/Su lIydro,IIlblll!S/n1)
Figure 25.Planimetric map form,AH-82-03.
-156-
Ffle No.__0::::1~_
Crew ®.;:2:-_
DISCHARGE
AH-82.-04
Pace ®of'----
Date ®
1 1
Habftat Sampl fng River Meter
Locatlon.Q).;::3:-_-,Sfte ~@:::::4~_---.,;Mfle~Type~o._
Gage Number CD Height ___GC _®_I I
Descrlptfon Q9
Distance
from H,,=
Head Pin Ve.1.St;r"c:m Cbs.Revo-v,,~e!l jps c.tt c"tt Cdt(ft)Angle Cepth b"d Pepth lutfons Time Hearl Mean Dr.peh Iwidth Arej FtcuLBRBCoef.(ft.)Etev.X ,(sec)Poil1t Vertica;CilU (fe.)(jt.,(je.)(ftJ/s)
@ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ ~@
-
(ADF~.G/Su lIydro.Habitat 5/82)
Figure 26.Discharge form,AH-82-05.
-157-
----_._-_._----_._,.,'
..
®
PAG E :ITJafeD
®®
STAGE DATA-FI ELD FORM
AH-82-05
®-®0
0 DATE GAGE TOTAL
GAGE NO.TIME INITIALS NOTES 8 COMMENTSzyr.mo.day READING DEPTH
I ··2 ·3
4 ·S
6
7 ··8 ···9 ·lO ·II ·!2 ·13 ··14
IS ·16 ·/7 ··18 ·19
2C ·
FILE NO.:03-83-7.10-3.7----.:0::::;.'_
@ ®
@ADDITIONAL NOTES 8 COMMENTS:
figure 27.Stage data field form,AH-82-07.
-158-
Page ®of__
Samp 11 ng PeriOd.®....;:S:;...."._
GENERAL HABITAT UATA FORM
AH-82-0703-82-7.10-3.7__(!):=1~__
Crew,....;®:::::2:.....-_
Habitat Location,__....:::0::::...-~~~~~~~~_~~~~~~~~~~~_
Fi Ie Nunber
R;H.®
Sampling Site Description ~
GC ®/ /./-!/_
DATE
@
Military TEMP.UCGPSN HTimeAir~ater p
@ @ ®®
DISSOLVE ~PEC.CONDo ICE ~ATER MEAN VELOCITY SUBSTRATE
OXYGEN TURB.HICK n OL'~METER ADJ.·fJEPTH:.:---u.81o.6orMearl,.-CLASC;%-1:1 AC;C;It_rl AC;"
@@@@@@ @ @
.----
1---+---+---+--+---1----------_.-'-._-.....---------1----1
I---+----i----l---l----t----t----t---t-·----------.----..----......----.----------1----1
I----I----+----+---+-+-+----j-----...---._-...----.-_.._----
-
\---4---+---+--I---!----1----I----·----.-----._.---_...
r---+---+----+---f---I---l-----1---j---t---I---+---I----I---·-·._----
I---+---+----+---f---I---!----+--+--I.-----1----II---'j---
-----
1---+---+----l--+--4---+---l---+----.------_.-------------..-...
1---+---+----4--+--4---1----+-----.·----I--i--!-----..._..........-._-
METER NOS •..l.:(H~y..::.;dr~o..:..:1a:..:b:..!....)__......:::®::......-_
Comments.related data.notes
®
(flow)DISCHARGE @....;:26:;....".__S/9(OF-32)=OC
(ADF&G/Su Hydro.Habitat 12/28/81)
Figure 28.General habitat data form,AH-82-07.
-159-
-
Geographical Code @ I I I
Sample #_--"0"""-__
Tri b.River 11 i1 e __---'__-..::.®~_
AH-82-ES-Ol
RH:®
location -----------------_--.:~---------
Aquatic Habitat Data Electroshocking Form
Fi I e No.__---'0=''--_
Pag~.0.of _
Cre ...:CD
Date (YY/~~/DD):~/I___
Time (military):®
~
Sample Depth Velocity Subs tra te Embeddedness --v~~......v
~>u U 0-u~"'.•"'e c:E..(ft)(fps)U ..-v-v-U"'u•0>U >........,........-'"-c:....u ...X "'.....~"a.....va.~OJ ·u,;i0.2 0.8 ~~.....e "'0-
.-Il.I ::l"'V :z:"'>'~g5<I--l-.-'"Vl:Jc1-a.cc VlU_
®®@ @ @ @ @ @ @ ®®
corrments 5/82
Figure 29.Aquatic habitat electroshocking form,AH-82-£S-Ol.
-160-
R.M.®
-
File No.CD
Page ®of __
Crew 0
AQUATIC HABITAT ELECTROFISH WIUTER FORM
AH-ES-WINTER
Location ....::®::=6:.....-_
Description ~G)~_
T.R.H.®
Date 0.::::4=:.....-Time __®.::::5~__Geographic Code ~I __I __I __I __
--
ample
#
®
Depth
(feet)
®ex~.R.-......w SUBSTRATE~0-u~
U oe ze....~0 w--u~u
U w-->-~......DATAUJ0U-J :c ...U'"
-J --.~o::ow -:::>0
~0....UJ 0.II><.:I U::l.cO::::E:O::~::E:II>>-l.U%E_w :::>~w _><0.0::1 Q.II>~~II>:J:~00 VI u"'-"',
@ ®®@ Y ®®
/
7
7
17
V
onments @
Hydrolab *@
Harsh-HcHirney ,~
Figure 30.Aquatic habitat data e1ectroshocking winter form,AH-ES-WINTER.
-161-
-
FILE NO.:03-82-7.10-3.7 CD
CREW:CD
LOCATION:0
G.C.:@t1lll1tIIVCIJl.....I",--,----,1IO
METER TYPE @ No._
SALMON SPAWNING HABITAT
UTllI'ZATION
AH-82-FHU-I
GAGE NO:""""Ks).....I-L.-JIc:..L...I-..J1 0 0 0
DIGISENSE NO.@
PAGE:~orm -
DATE:m rnm
TIM E :@I I I Ito I I I [ I
HEIGHT START:ill 1.1 I I
END:m=IIIJ
@>DA IL Y RED D
SUMMARY:
MEASURED:
COUNTED:
AIR TEMP mTIIJ
0 ~DEPTH VELOCITY SUBSTR.INTRAGR.WATER SPECIES REDO CHECK IF
z (f t.l REV.SEC..2 .8 .6/mea n I 2 TEMP(Oel TEMP (Oe)CODE NO.COMMENTS....
I Q~14 15 Q6)In (IS)19 k.2dl.21 ~2 (2~
2 ·3
4 ·.·5
6
7
8 ·9
10
II
12
13 ·14 ·I~··16 ·17 ·18 ···19
12C ·
SOCK.CHUM PINK COHO CHIN.
42 045 044 043 ~41
I I r I I I I II
I I I I I I I \I
NOTES a COMM ENTS:
@
SPAWNING COMMENTS CODe:F=Active Fannin(J
0=0"Ouiverin(J
A =AQ(Jressive Behavior
(ADF 6G/SU HYDRO.AH,9/82)
figure 31.Salmon spawning habitat utilization form.AH-82-FHU-l.
-162-
FILE NO :03-82-7.10-3.7_...;:0~_
CREW:---:...0""---_
LOCATION:..;:0::;....._
WATER QUALITY
. AH-82-FH U-2
METER NO.__....::0=---__
-
PAGE:rn ot CD
R.M.:mil.0
G.C :~I I Vlr-......-TI-l/LD1 \ I YO.
,0 DATE AIR WATER 0.0.CONOVCTlVITY (umhove;":TUR8lDlTY ~aTIMESITE%SAT.pH ~!z YY MM DO TEMP(OC TEMP (Ocl (mglll METER ADJUSTED IJ READING
I A--,.;..@-~h.A ~~~17-.@,~~~~~~2 ·I'-"
3 ·4 ·~.
6
7 ··8 ·9 · ·lC
[I ·12
I"
14
1:5
16
17 .
18 ·19
t2C
2[··~·I~
!~·~··
NOTES 8 COMMENTS:
®
Figur~32.Water quality form,AH-82-FHU-2.
-163-
Barom.trlc Pr.ssure _
E I e~~t ion ®..;:2:..-_
(ADF 8 G/SU HYDRO,AH,4/83)
FILE NO.:03-82-7.10-3.7 CD AVAILABLE HABITAT
CREW:®AH-82.-FHU-3
LOCAT ION:CD (D ISCHARGE)
G.C.:@t1 I I V1 [ I VCD1 I I ltD GAGE NO.K.5J I 1.1 I 0 D 0
~~~~i-~ENTED:~%U.S.OJ%OS or [Ill]fl.Os =TOTAL 1 I I [.1 fl.
PAGE:m of []]
OATE:m CD rn
TIME:P91 I Uiol I I I 1
HEIGHT START:m::::JI]J
ENO:m=ILIJ
NQ OISTANCE ANGLE D~P\H WIDTH REV,SEC.VELOCITY FLOW SUBST.CHECK IF
COEFF.f'.(ft..6 eon I COMMENTS
2-r-,·4 ~~.~f-0 .~·~4 -@-r--~r--I--
1 to're-.'=;/-..:
2 ·3 ·4 .
5
6 .
7 ·8 ··9 ···10 ·.
II
12 ·13 ·14 ·.···15 ····16 ··17 ·18 ··'19 ··20 ···21 ··22
23 ··24 ··~·NOTES B COMMENTS:TOTAL FLOW K.2)METER TYPE (23)
NQ _
(ADF 6 G/SU HYDRO I AH,.9/SZ)
figure 33.Available habitat (discharge)form,AH-82-FHU-3.
-164-
FILE NO.:03-82-7.10-:3.7
I NTRAGRAVELISURFACE WATER M EASUR EMENTS
0)AH-82-FHU-4
:-
PERSONNEL:CD D.O.CALI BRAT ION
LOCATION:0 FOR AH m/s PAO.:®m~/I
m/s PAO 1 :mQlIUSEONLY
DATE.m CD CD TIME :I@l I I I
i :m~/I
R.M.:I®I 1.0 T.R.M·:rn.0 MEASUR EM ENT METHOD OR METER NO.
®@GC.:~I I VI I I
V[I]I1 I I 110 CONDUCTIVITY:DISSOLVED OXYGEN :
I.OJ @ @BAROMETRICPRESSURE:fjj I pH:TEMPERATURE:
0z IN":"RAGRAVEL SURFACE
\oJ \oJ
0..0 I-CONDUCTIVITY·CONDUCTIVITY·z -0..
en 0 WATER D.O.WATER D.O.z pH TEMP("cl (mol Il %SAT.umhos.A:ml um"o~",pH TEMP("cl (mQ/I)%SAT.utrtlOc/eml umhos.A:m)~en fl!LD AOJUS1"UJ fiELD AOJUSTtD
0 13 14 15 16 •17 18 19 ~@I •1t2 •@3).~4 r8)~
I
2
3
4 ·5 ·.·6 ·.
7 ··e ·9 ·10 ·.I
II ·12 ..
13 ··.
14 ·
NOTES 6 COMMENTS:
@
"'fIELD CONDUCTIVITIES ARE ADJUSTED TO Z,oc AS PER STANDARD M.£THODS
If NOT AUTOr.tATICALLY COr.tPENSATED BY THE METER.
Figure 34.Intragrave1/surface water measurements form,AH-82-FHU-4.
-165-
-
WATER QUALITY -FIELD FORM
AH-82-IFE-OI
PAGE:rn of IT]_
DATE:m IT]rn
TIME:~_
c.;;,a...-I...-CJ-_VCYD'O GAG E HE IGHT :~
R.M.:f§L[IIJ T.R.M.:~...
oFILENO.:03-82-r.10-3.7_.......::=--_
CREW:0
LOCAT ION:®SITE:®
G.C.:~I I Ii1 I I;[TII1 I I liD GAGE NO.:K9~1.1
METER TYPE:®NO.:@
DISTANCE MER.CURY THERM.®HYDROLABfromSAMPLE
0 HEAD PIN DEPTH WATER SPEC.CONDo LINE COMMENTSzAIRWATERPHD.O.(f t.)(fl.)TEMP ("c)TEMP (Oc)TEMP (Oc (units)mo IILBRB METER ADJUSTED
I 65)•16 •(I r)·(19)
2 ·3
4 ·S .
6 ..
7 ·I
8 >.
9
10 .
WHOLE PAGE COMMENTS:
@
(AOF8G/SU HYDRO.9/82)
Figure 35.v/ater quality field form,AH-83-IFE-Ol.
-166-
-
DISCHARGE DATA SUMMARY-OFFICE FORM
AH-82-IFE -02
FILE NO.:03-82-7.10-3.7 CD
G.c.:~I VOIJt[Dtl I I LtD
LOCATION :_~@~_SAMPLING SITE:0::;.4 _
PAGE:mDofrn
R.M.:~
T.R.M.:0LlD
d (,VDATE
®GAGE
®GAGE HEIGHT DISCHARGE 0:..,
z NO.@<CFS)~~COMMENTS
YR.MO.DAY START END SI-
r Q?)Q3)
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
ADDITIONAL COMMENTS:
@
(ADF a G/SU HYDRO.9/82)
Figure 36.Discharge data summary-office form,AH-83-IFE-02.
··167-
-----------~---
STAFF GAGE ELEVATION
SUMMARY-OFFICE FORM
AH-82-IFE-03
FI LE NO.:03-62-7.10-3.7 0
LOCATION:0
G.C.:m.'l""".J-1--,---,Vl I
SAM PLI NG SIT E:0..:=3::.-__
I/ITJI1 I I VO
R.M.:~
T.R.M.:~
0
-(DOATE
GAGE NO.TRUE COMPASS DISTANCE
Z YR.MO.DAY ELEVATION HEADING I,om T.B."'.T.8.M.1.0
I,om T.BM.
I ·B 9 10 II (12)
2 ·3 ·4
5 ·.
6 ·7 ·6 ·9
\0 ·II
12 ·13 ·14 ·15
16
17 ·16 ·19 ·2C ·21 ·22
Z3 ·24
25 ·
COMMENTS:
@
Figure 37.Staff gage elevation summary-office form,AH-83-IFE-03.
-168-
6/30/83.(Corrected)
2.Data Transfer
AH Crews:
Field crews are responsible for checking their data for completeness,
accuracy,and proper format (as established by AH staff in conjunction with
Data Processing (DP)staff).Miscellaneous data and notes recorded in
field books should be entered on data sheets if they are to be incorporated
into the computer data set.Raw field data (original forms)will be
transmitted to the appropriate crew leader for review.This will provide
crew leaders the opportunity to monitor the development of data trends on a
more timely basis.
The AH data processing liaison will receive the original data after it has
been reviewed by the crew leader.The liaison will check for obvious
errors and proper format.The original will be filed and a photocopy will
be transmitted to Data Processing.
DP will transmit a computer printout of data to the AH liaison who will in
turn give it to the appropriate crew leader to check.All corrections to
data files will be made through the AH liaison.
RJ Crews:
Habitat data collected by RJ crews will be given to the RJ data processing
coordinator who will transmit it to the AH data processing liaison.Data
will then be handled as AH data:reviewed,then transmitted to DP.
Computer printouts from DP will be transmitted to the AH data processing
1i ai son and then to the AH/Fi sheri es Habitat Util i zati on Crew Leader and
the RJ data processing coordinator for review and editing.All corrections
are to be coordinated through the AH data processing liaison.
-169-
,---------,.__.,.-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
IV.QUALITY CONTROL
A.ADULT ANADROMOUS FISHERIES STUDIES
Field sampling techniques and data recording procedures will be monitored
of each crew weekly by the Adult Anadromous Project Leader or his appointed
designee.This will insure consistency,accuracy and comformance with
standard sampling and data collection and recording methods.
Sampling gear and support equipment will be maintained in good working
order.It will be the responsibility of each crew leader to insure that
preventive maintenance is conducted on all equipment.Minor equipment
breakdowns will be repaired in the field.Major equipment breakdowns
and/or losses will be reported immediately to Anchorage headquarters.
Replacement equipment or parts will be provided at first available
opportunity.
B.RESIDENT AND JUVENILE ANADROMOUS FISHERIES STUDIES
Fishing techniques utilized in the various sampling schemes have been
proven for effectiveness in earlier biological studies (Langler,1956;
Sundstrom,1957;and McClane,1965).Personnel will be instructed to use
proven lures.Natural baits,when used,will be changed regularly insure
"freshness"and ensure maximum scent transfer to the water.
Gillnets and seines will be kept mended or will be replaced if badly
damaged in operations.Equipment such as tagging guns,fishing tackle,
firearms,and other tools used in day-to-day operations will be cleaned and
oiled after each use to prevent rust.
Data forms will be filled out in a neat and legible manner and will be
subject to periodic review by the project leader or his assistant.
-170-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
C.AQUATIC HABITAT AND INSTREAM FLOW STUDIES
A systematic approach for maintaining desired standards for the measurement
of field parameters has been established for the instruments used in this
study.
Thermometers are periodically compared to a National Bureau of Standards
(NBS)standard thermometer for the range of temperatures to be encountered.
Variations,if present,are noted and correction factors are calculated and
taped onto each thermometer.
Thermographs are calibrated following the above procedures.Timing
mechanisms are also evaluated for accuracy.Operational thermographs are
periodically inspected comparing the temperature and time on the chart with
the known time and temperature data.Refer to the Phase II Basic Data
Report for further information on thermograph calibration and quality
control.
Hydrolabs will be calibrated and checked after each field trip.
question arises concerning the data collected,the USGS,
manufacturer of the data collection device will be consulted.
Whenever a
EPA,and
Literature is peri odi cally revi ewed to insure that state-of-the-art data
collection and analysis techniques are being observed.A hydraulic
engineer will be consulted to evaluate the methods of data collection and
analysis techniques.The USFWS is periodically consulted to evaluate the
methods of instream flow data collection and analysis techniques.
The project biometrician is consulted to evaluate the accuracy and
statistical merit for collecting data.
State-of-the-art habitat data collection and analysis courses are attended
when it is determined attendance will improve the quality of the program.
-171-
--------,--,_.,.,"
6/30/83 (Corrected)
The field data are reviewed periodically by the field biologist responsible
for its collection.A brief narrative is prepared summarizing the habitat
characteristics described by the data set.Any abnormal or intervening
field conditions or sampling problems which might have biased the data set
are also to be discussed in the narrative.
D.Data Routing
Raw data from the respective project sections will
Anchorage Su Hydro offi ce for copyi ng and fil i ng.
follow the path depicted below:
be forwa rded to the
Actual routing will
Field Crews - - - -
Field Crew Leaders
Data Forms
Data Fol der
Project Leaders - - - - - - - - - - - - - -Data Folder
Su-Hydro Office - - - - - - - - - - - - - -Data Folder
Original File Working File
Data Processing
Acres American,Inc.
Alaska Power Authority
Alaska Department of Fish &Game
-172-
Monthly Report
Spec;es/Subj ect
Report
6/30/83 (Corrected)
v.REPORT SCHEDULE
Project scheduling is as outlined in Figures 38 and 39.By inspecting the
figures,it becomes evident that the Adult Anadromous Fisheries Project
will conduct it's field program between June 15 and October 17 at the sites
indicated on Figure 38.The Resident and Juvenile Anadromous Fisheries
Project will integrate itls field program with the Aquatic Habitat and
Instream Flow Project along those river reaches indicated in Figure 39.
These projects will operate year round from the estuary to Devil Canyon and
from March 15 through October 15 upstream from Devil Canyon.
The schedule of planning and reporting events is as follows:
July 15,1982 ADF&G Draft Procedures Manual FY 83 Field
Programs.This is a basic internal ADF&G planning
and field guidance document.
July 31,1982 Woodward-Clyde (Proposed)Draft Mitigation
Outline.
November 30,1982 AEIDC (Proposed),Internal Working Document,
conceptualizing and visualizing project impacts on
a non-quantitive basis.
January 31,1982 ADF&G,Draft Basic Data Report.This is an
i nterna 1 work i ng document and also prov i des for
data transmittal to AEIDC and Woodward-Clyde and
others as appropriate.It basically presents what
the data is,how and where it was collected.The
report would include winter 81/82 data and data
for the ice free season from May thru
October 1983.This report does not include
habitat versus fisheries relationship information
for the winter of 82/83 data or incubation study
data collected through the winter of 82/83.
-173-
,-------_.,---,-'"
ESTUARY
TO
YENTNA
RIVER
YENTNA
RIVER
TO
TALKEETNA
TALKEETNA
TO
DEVIL
CANYON
Susitna Station Sonar (6/15-9/17)
Yentna Sonar (6/15-9/7)
Susitna Survey (7/15-10/1)
Sunshine Sonar (6/15-9/15)
Sunshine Tag/Recapture (6/15-9/15)
Sunshine Survey (7/15-10/7)
Talkeetna Sonar (6/15-9/15)
Talkeetna Tag/Recapture (6/15-9/15)
Curry Tag/Recapture (6/15-9/15)
Gold Creek Survey (7/15-10/15)
Radio :agging (6/15-10/1)
15 21 28 4
JUNE
11 18 25
JULY
8 15 22 29 5
AUGUST
12 19 26
SEPTEMBER
3 10 17 24 31 7 14
OCTOBER NOVEMBER
Figure 38.Adult anadromous project schedule,1982.
-174-
..,
ESTUARY
TO
OEVIL CANYON
~Surveys of Resident and Juvenile populations (RJ)
IS~;-;eys of Aquatic Habitat and Instream Flow Data Collection (AH)
OEVIL CANYON
TO
TYONE RIVER
Impoundment Investigations of
R s1 n .
Aquatic Habitat Investigation (AH)
DHs0AMFJ
I---_-,_-_--+-o----.,--..---.,--_-_-.•'--_+_-...,....--
A H.J J
ttJHTH
Figure 39.Activity schedule.1982.Integrated Resident and Juvenile
Anadromous Fisheries and Aquatic habitat and Instream
Flow Project.
-175-
January 31,1983
March 1,1983
April 1,1983
April 15,1983
May 1,1983
June 1,1983
June 30,1983
June 30,1983
6/30/83 (Corrected)
Woodward-Clyde (Proposed),Draft Exhibit E.
ADF&G,FY 84 Draft Plan of Study (PaS).
APA-ADF&G,FY 84 RSA and pas Agreement.
Contingent on approval of funding by the
Legislature.
ADF&G,Revised Draft'Basic Data Report.
ADF&G,Draft Fisheries and Habitat Relationships
Report.An internal working document which
functions as a data/information transmittal to
AEIDC and other study participants.
ADF&G,FY 84 Procedures Manual.
ADF&G,Final Draft Fisheries and Habitat
Relationship Report.This is a formal document
available for broad distribution by the APA to
study participants,agencies and the public.
ADF&G,Draft Basic Data Report.This would cover
winter 82/83 work and include incubation study
data.This is an internal working document and
data transmittal to study participants.
-176-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
VI.PERSONNEL
Mr.Thomas W.Trent will supervise coordination of the Su Hydro Aquatic
Studies.Tom is a 1965 graduate of the University of North Dakota with a
degree in biological and physical sciences.After graduation,he undertook
extens i ve post-baccalaureate and graduate studi es at Oregon State
University in fisheries and water resources.
Tom acquired professional experience in fisheries science and water
pollution biology as a trainee for the Federal Water Quality Administration
and with the Oregon Game Commission Research Division before he joined the
Alaska Department of Fish and Game in 1971.Since joining ADF&G,Tom has
held positions with the Sport Fish Division in the Anchorage area and west
side Susitna River sport fisheries management programs,and with the
Habitat Protection Section dealing with development activities and
environmental impact evaluation.In 1974,the Commissioner of Fish and
Game delegated Tom the responsibility of developing and coordinating the
Department's positions and policies on the proposed Susitna River
hydroelectric project.
Tom resigned from The Department of Fish and Game in early 1975 to accept a
pos i ti on with the U.S Bureau of Land Management as the State Fi sheri es
Biologist.He subsequently rejoined the Alaska Department of Fish and Game
in 1976 as supervisor of the Region II Habitat Protection Section.In this
capacity,Tom was responsible for coordination of fish and wildlife
resource planning and policy input to the DNR State Land Disposal program,
management of the Title 16 regulatroy program for Southcentral Alaska,and
coordination of ADF&G Susitna River Hydro Project matters.
Mr.Bruce M.Barrett wi 11 supervi se the Adul t Anadromous Project.Bruce
holds a Bachelor of Science degree in fisheries from the University of
Alaska in Fairbanks and completed on year of graduate study in fisheries
before joining the Alaska Department of Fish and Game in 1972.
-177-
,---------_.._,--,..,--,-------------
6/30/83 (Corrected)
Bruce has held several key positions with the Department of Fish and Game
involving anadromous fish investigations in Cook Inlet and the Susitna
River system.In 1974 he conducted the fi rst ADF&G anadromous fi sh study
on the Susitna River between Devil Canyon and the village of Talkeetna.
Mr.Dana Schmidt Ph.D.replaced Mr.Kevin Delaney in April 1982 as Project
Leader for the Resident and Juvenile Anadromous Fisheries Studies.Dr.
Schmidt holds a doctorate degree in Fisheries from Oregon State University
and from the University of Utah.He has directed numerous environmental
impact studes in Montana and has past involvement with U.S.Fish and
Wildlife Service radio telemetry studies in Alaska.He has worked as a
consultant to the Susitna River fisheries since 1981.
Mr.Christopher Estes will lead the Aquatic Habitat and Instream Flow
studies.Chrsitopher holds a B.A.in Environmental Science from Prescott
College,Prescott,Arizona.Graduate course work at Washington State
University was directed toward instream flow and aquatic habitat evaluation
procedures.
Christopher conducted his first instream flow and aquatic habitat
evaluation study for the Montana Department of Fish,Wildlife,and Parks in
1975.He joined the ADF&G as a fishery research biologist in 1977 and has
been associated with the Su Hydro feas"ibil ity studies since that time.In
1979,he initiated the ADF&G Instream Flow Program.During the same year,
he was appointed Co-chairman of the Western Division of the American
Fisheries Society Water Development and Streamflow Committee,a position he
continues to fill.
-178-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
Mr.Allen E.Bingham will supervise the Data Processing Support Unit.
Allen holds a B.S.in Zoology from the Ohio State University,Columbus,
Ohio and received a Master of Science Degree in Fisheries Biology from the
Ohio State University in 1977.
Graduate research and course work continued at the University of Idaho.
Allen's research at U of I was directed at reduced stream flow effects on
juvenile steelhead trout while course work emphasized Fisheries Biology
with a minor in Applied Statistics.
Allen joined the ADF&G in 1981 as a Biometrician II with the Su Hydro
Aquatic Studies team.
-179-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
VII.LITERATURE CITED
Alaska Department of Fish and Game (ADF&G).1978.Preliminary
environmental assessment of hydroelectric development on the Susitna
River:Prepared for the U.S.Fish and Wildlife Service by the.
Alaska Department of Fish and Game.Anchorage,AK.51pp.
1982a.Procedures Manual.Phase I (1981 -2).ADF&G.
1982b.Aquatic Studies Program Final Report.ADF&G.SuHydro
Anchorage,AK.
",-
"-,Anonymous.1966.(Cited in ADF&G manual on fish tagging.nd.Ak.
Department of Fish and Game.Anchorage,AK.)
AEIDC.1980.An assessment of environmental effects of construction and
operation of the proposed Terror Lake Hydroelectric Facility,Kodiak,
Alaska.Instream Flow Studies:Arctic Environment Information Data
Center.Anchorage,AK.197pp.
Anonymous.1981.An assessment of environmental effects of construction
and operati on of the proposed Terror Lake Hydroe 1ectri c Faci 1ity,
Kodiak,Alaska.Instream Flow Studies Final Report:Arctic
Environment Inforamtion Data Center.Anchorage,AK.419pp.
Baldridge,J.1981.Appendix 3;Development of habitat suitability
criteria,In:An assenssment of environmental effects of construction
and operation of the proposed Terror Lake Hydroe 1ectri c Faci 1ity,
Kodiak,Alaska.Instream Flow Studies Final Report.Arctic
Environment Information Data Center.Anchorage,AK.pp.391-94.
Baxter,R.M.,and P.Glaude.1980.Environmental effects of dams and
impoundments in Canada:experi ence and prospects.Canadian Bulletin
of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences.Bulletin 205.
-180-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
Bovee,K.D.1982.A guide to stream habitat analysis using the instream
flow incremental methodology.Instream Flow information Paper No.12.
Coop.Instream Flow Service Group,U.S.Fish and Wildlife Service,
Ft.Collins,Co.
and R.Milhous.1978.Hydraulic simulation in instream flow
studies:Theory and Techniques.Instream Flow information paper No.
5.Cooperative Instream Flow Servi ce Group.FWS/OBS-78/33.Ft.
Collins,CO.131pp.
Buchanan,T.J.and W.P.Somers.1973.Discharge measurements at gaging
stations.Techniques of Water Resources Investigations of the United
States Geological Survey.Arlington,VA.Book 3,Chapter A8.65pp.
Byrom Software.1980.Byrom software terminal monitor system operator!s
manua 1.Byrom Software,Vernal,Utah.
CDC.1980a.COBOL version 4 reference manual.Control Data Corporation,
Sunnyvale,California
CDC.1980b.FORTRAN version 5 reference manual.
Corporation,Sunnyvale,California.
Control Data
CDC.1980c.Sort/Merge versions 4 and 1 reference manual.Control Data
Corporation,Sunnyvale,California.
Digital Research.1980.PL/I-80 language manual.Digital Research,
Pacific Grove,California.
Dixon,W.J.and M.B.Brown.1979.Biomedical computer programs P-series.
University of California Press,Berkeley,California.
-181-
----------,--_....-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
Estes.C.,K.Hepler,and A.Hoffmann.1981.Willow and Deception Creeks
Instream Flow Demonstration Study.ADF&G.Habitat Protection Section
and Sport Fish Division.Anchorage,AK.78pp.
Fulton,T.W.1983.(Cited in ADF&G Manual on Fish Tagging.nd.Ak.
Dept.of Fish and Game,Anchorage,AK.)
Griffith,L.1981.Discussion of R&M Consultants
collection techniques.(Personal Communication.)
Anchorage,Ak.
substrate data
R&M Consultants.
Hagen,R.M.et.ale 1973.Ecological impacts of water storage and
diversion projects.Environmental quality and water development.Ed.
Goldman,C.R.et.ale W.H.Freeman Co.San Francisco,CA.
Hocutt,C.H.,J.R.Stauffer,J.E.Edinger,L.W.Hall,and R.P.Morgan.
1980.Powerplants -effects on fish and shellfish behavior.Academic
Press.New York,New York.
Keller,E.A.1980.Environmental Geology.2nd ed.Chas.E.Merrill Pub.
Co.Columbus,OH.548pp.
Kellerhals,R.and D.I.Bray.1970.Sampling procedures for coarse
fluvial sediments.ASCE Hydraulics Division.Specialty Conference,
University of Minnesota,Minneapolis,MN.August 19-21,1970.
Lagler,K.F.1959.Freswater Fishery Biology.2nd ed.Wm.C.Brown Co.
Dubuque,IA.421pp.
Mauney,J.L.1965.A study of the channel catfish,(Ictalurus punctatus),
in the Crowan River system.Raleigh,NC.;NC.State Univ.Thesis.
87pp.
-182-
McClane,A.J.(ed.)1965.
International Angling
York,NY.1057pp.
6/30/83 (Corrected)
McClanes'Standard Fishing Encyclopedia and
Guide.Holt,Rinehart and Winston,Inc.New
MicroPro.1980a.DataStar user's guide.
Corporation,San Rafael,California.
MicroPro International
1980b.Super-sort 1.5 operator's handbook and programmers guide.
MicroPro International,San Rafael,California.
Milhous,R.T.,D.L.Wegner and T.Waddle.1981.User's guide to the
physical habitat simulation system.Instream Flow Information Paper
No.11.Coop.Instream Flow Service Group,U.S.Fish and Wildlife
Services.Ft.Collins,Co.
Morrow,J.E.1980.
Publishing Co.
The freshwater fi shes of Al aska.
Anchorage,Alaska.
Alaska Northwest
Parsons,M.
National
Region.
1980.Stream Assessment Procedures and Guidelines.Suislaw
Forrest U.S.Forest Service,U.S.D.G.Pacific Northwest
Portland,OR.17p.
Petersen,CGJ.1894.(Cited in ADF&G Manual on Fish Tagging.nd.AK.
Dept.of Fish and Game.Anchorage,AK.).
Richardson,E.V.,et.al.1975.Highways in the river environment;
hydraulic and environmental design considerations.U.S.Dept.of
Transportation.Wash.,D.C.np.
Rounsefell,G.A.1963.Marking fish and invertebrates.Fishery Leaflet
549.U.S.Dept.of Interior.Wash.,D.C.12pp.
Shirazi,M.A.and W.K.Seine 1979.A stream system evaluation.An
emphasis on spawning habitat for salmonids.US Environmental
Protection Agency.Corvalis,OR,EPA-600/3-79-109/39pp.
-183-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
SIR.1979.Scientific information retrieval user's manual.SIR
Incorporated,Evanston,Illinois.
Smoot,G.F.and C.E.Novak.1977.Calibration and maintenance of
verti ca l-axi s type current meters.Techniques of Water Resources
Investigations of the United States Geological Survey.Book 8.Chapter
B2.Instrumentation.Arlington,VA.15pp.
SPSS.1970.Statistical package for the social sciences.McGraw-Hill,
New York.
SRX Systems 1981.CATALOG.SRX Systems,San Jose,California.
Stalnaker,C.B.and J.L.Arnette (eds).1976.Methodologies for the
determination of stream resource flow requirements:an assessment.
USFWS/OBS,and Utah State University,Logan,UT.199pp.
Sundstrom,G.T.1957.
Wildlife Service.
Commercial fishing vessels and gear.U.S.Fish and
Cir.48.48pp.
Trihey,W.E.and D.L.Wegner.1981.Field data collection procedures for
use with the physical habitat simulation system of the Instream Flow
Group.USFWS,Cooperative Instream Flow Servi ce Group.Ft.Coll ins,
CO.151pp.
USFWS.1976.Southcentral rai"'belt area -Susitna River basin.Fish and
Wildlife studies related to the U.S.Army Corp.of Engineers Devil
Canyon-Watana hydroelectric project.USGWS/ADF&G.Anchorage,AK.15pp.
USFS.1981.ASGS/ADF&G -Su Hydro 1981 Cooperative agreement.USGS.
Anchorage,AK.np.
Vector Graphi c.1979a.An introduction to CP/M fratures and facil ities.
Vector Graphic Incorporated,Thousand Oaks,California.
-184-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
Vector Graphic.1979b.CP/M user's guide for CP/M 1.4 owners.Vector
Graphic Incorporated,Thousand Oaks,California.
1981.SCOPE-screen oriented program editor for CP/M,reference
manual.Vector Graphic Incorporated,Thousand Oaks,California.
Ward,J.V.and J.A.Stanford.1979.The ecology of regulated streams.
Plenum Press.New York,New York.
Wesche,T.A.and P.A.Rechard.1980.A summary of instream flow methods
for fisheries and related research needs.Eisenhower Consortium Bull.
No.9.Water Resources Research Institute.Univ.Wyoming.Laramie.
122 pp.
William,F.T.1976.
Fish and Game.
Upper Susitna River Investigations.
Anchorage,AK.np.Unpublished.
-185-
Alaska Dept.of
6/30/83 (Corrected)
FY 83 ADDENDUM TO APPENDIX IX:DATA CODING AND INSTRUCTIONS
FY 83 Addendum to the ADF&G Su Hydro
FY 82 Phase I Procedures Manual
-186-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
ADULT ANADROMOUS FISHERIES STUDIES
Age and Length Sampling Operations -All stations
The following sampling procedures will be used to collect age and
length data from fishwheel interceptions at Susitna,Yentna,Sunshine,
Ta 1keetna and Curry Stati ons.These procedures will be followed for
sockeye salmon stock separation sampling except that two (2)scales
will be collected from the "preferred area ll instead of only (1)scale.
Fish Sampling Procedures:
1.Check species of each intended sample (see Pacific Fishes of
Canada,Fisheries Research Board of Canada,Bulletin 180,Ottawa
1973).
2.A scale should ~be taken from the left side of the fish (see
Fi gure 1).
3.The II pre ferred scale"is located two (2)rows above lateral line
on the diagonal from the posterior insertion of the dorsal fin to
the anterior insertion of the anal fin.
4.If the preferred scale is missing take a scale,again on the left
side of the fish,within the area behind the dorsal fin but
forward of the ventral fin,and no more than four rows above the
lateral l"ine.
5.If no scales are present in this area,discard the fish.
6.If the scale is stuck or dried,moisten and pull toward the head
of the fish gently rather than straight back.
7.Clean all slime,grit,skin and silver pigment
moistening and rubbing it between the fingers.
be completely clean and transparent.
-187-
from the scale by
The scale should
6/30/83 (Corrected)
8.Mount on gum card after moistening.Scales are mounted on the
gum card number which corresponds to Age Weight Length (AWL)form
number containing the length,weight and sex information for that
fish.Place it directly over the number on the gum card with the
anterior edge facing the bottom of the card (Figure 1).The
ridged side of the scale must be facing upward or no impression
will be made in the acetate card.This is the same side that is
exposed on the salmon.
9.Cover completed gum cards with wax paper after drying,if
possible.
10.Length measurements should be taken from mid-eye to fork of tail
and recorded to nearest five millimeters on all adult salmon
except chinook salmon for which lengths are to be recorded to the
nearest 10 millimeters.
-188-
LEFT SID(
ruturod Scab
OCllS"'L FIN
.I.IlCYE
UT!:.'lA!-'L~NE
L_----.--.:;;;~
~
Pl....-=al••~recUy ov.r _r ...""'"CKcI.
i 110i•••~
:is Ii iJ 11 Ii \3 I.15 I:U
50 5 Zi :t :a B Ii !"£!!l.
is :Ill sa J7·:J8 53 Si j3 J2 3L
Figure 1.Scale sampling procedures for one scale per fish.
-189-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
Labeling Procedures:
The functions of proper labeling is to produce a set of sample data which
includes a gum card,an acetate impression and an AWL Form (Figures 2A and
2B).These have corresponding location,date,species,gear code and
subsample number.None ever has more than a single location,species,gear
code or subsample number.
A.Numbering
Numbering begins with 001 for each species at each escapement sampl ing
location for the 1982 season.Each card,AWL and acetate for specific
group is consecutively numbered throughout the season.It is a
responsibility of collectors to check the numbers being used each sampling
day to maintain correct sequence and omit duplication.
B.Gum Cards (see Figures 2A and 2B).
1.General Guidelines
a.Note which number to begin with,for each sample
location,for the date in question.
b.Prior to sampling,cards may be filled out with
species,date,gear,locale,and collector's name.
They may al so be numbered when the total cards for a
given area are known for that date.These must be
carefully checked when scales are to be fixed to assure
correct information.
c.On location
information
penci 1•
before mounting scales,
should be completed on
all
that
pertinent
card,in
2.Information Explanation
-190-
-------'-------------------_....,..
Tee ...1
t ,e ...L.--l.-..
I I
I
I I I I I I
I Pf.C.,c_IIQ.1,a I'OC.--.,1.......• t ".--.
A Aaet'et'ror code 1
B Tescfish drift numbet'3
C Testfish scacion numbet'J I
D Undefined 1 IEPreferredscalenoccaken1
!F Aaer iDitials J
G Tag number 5 ~>.
I t--.
B Undefined 1 I :,.1'
I Unciefined lO Max F~
,7'
7
~?
,,,,.-
SO ,.•
.,,..~.,,.'r..,,
S .1 .,,..
$:l
•__......::H-r=~.~-__=---.,..J,...--..!!a
......w.-J ~.,#t....~
""1o,,.H .iil "'.,.__N ,1w;'!!!+-.......'-_
=,,)u,.~..."._41 ,.""fa::,I.'
,,
S I
,oj 'J!,•7 7•,,.
r r ?•"r "r •
--~..,..1
~..
SO &..
I'~
~,."
If,.
"Jl
"..
",.-
)(
...
If,.
"""",
."
JC
It
">I
'"
"JC
""t
".
II
A
"""
.&
I..
i.:
==
'!!:J ~I:J 1.:,1 ~(;t :::1'9"I:
~@ D IW l!!t ;eI ~@ @ $
$~ojl (jJ ~I 4<·iiJ fFiJ :e
@®@c;'/(j@@~@\!
Figure 2A.Labeling of gum cards and AWL forms when sampling one scale per
salmons.
-191-
._-_.__._--------
(/\TCH OATE __~-:-=:--.~__
Month Day
S/\MPLING INFORMATION
HOURS FISHED _
Remilrks (\~eilther -Water conditions)etc._
CODING
Hote:District,Subdistrict,River (stream)and sampling location codes will be provided
separately.
PROJECT GEAR
1 -Commercial Catch 0 -Trap
2 -Subsistence Catch 1 -Purse Seine
3 -Escapement (tower,weir,etc.) 2 Beach Seine
4 -Escapement (spawning grounds)3 -Dri ft Gill net
5 -Test Fishing 4 -Set Gillnet
6 -
5 -Troll
6 -Long Line -Skates
7 -Otter Trawl
8 -Fish Wheel
9 -Pots
11 -Herring Purse Seine
12 Handpicked
13 -Dip Net
17 -Beam Trawl
18 -Shovels
19 -Weir
20 -
5 -tlissinq
6 Reabsorbed
BLANK COLUMNS
A -F -
B - G -
C - H -o -I -
E -
5 -Beluga
6 -Lamprey
7 -Other
3 -Regenerate
4 Illegible
AGING DATA
1 -OtolIth Sample
2 Inverted
INJURY
1 -I nshore Net
2 -High Seas Net
3 -Canine-Tooth Predator
4 -Shark
TYPE OF MEASUREMENT
1 -Snout to Fork of Tail
2 -Mid-e~1 to Fork of Tail
3 -Orbit to Fork of Tail
4 -Mid-e{7 to Hypural Plate
5 -Orbit to Hypural Plate
1/Orbit refers to posterior edge of eye socket.
REf·IARKS
51 -Smelt
52 -Arctic Char
53 -Dolly Varden
54 -Steel head
55 -Lake Trout
56 -Northern Pike
57 -Sheelfish
58 -Whitefish
59 -
SPECIES
41 -Kl ng
42 -Red,Sockeye
43 -Coho,Silver
44 -Pink
45 -Chum
.
1)If the silme code is to be used throughout a column,enter the code for the first
fish.then draw an arrow vertically through the column.
2)Length-weight measurement.This form is designed for:a)length measured to the
nearest millimeter or tenth of an inch.b)weight measured to the nearest ten grams
(i.e.decagram or thousandth of a kilogrilm)or tenth of a pound.
When rrecording length-weight
columns.For examplf".a 4.7
not the 1st and 2nd col\lmn~.
than tp~th nf inches,a Zf"rn
data,be sure to enter the digits in their proper
lb.fish should be recorded in the 2nd and 3rd columns,
If for some reason If''ngth is measured to inches rather
should be entered in the third column.
3 )RLltlk Column~.Thpse COlllrll1S al'e for use a~needE'l'.It is anticipated thilt t.hese
lISE'''-wi 11 vary fl'OM ilrea to arp',l.but miqht inrludl'WI"i tten remarks.tile]data.
cit'ellli counts.etc.
Figure 28.Gum card coding.
-192-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
a.Species:(0.nerka or Reds)Scientific or common
name of sample.
b.Card No.:Consecutive for this area and species (see
A.Numbering).
c.Locality:Name of beach,river or area and may include
cannery or site name.Use the COOK INLET SAMPLE
LOCATION CODES.(Table 19)
d.Scow/Gear:Gear number code is 1isted on reverse of
AWL for appropriate type used.
e.Sampling date:month/day/year that the scales were
taken.Omit if the same as period date.
f.Period date:month/day/year fish actually caught.
g.Collector:Last name(s)of person(s)collecting scales
and data.
h.Remarks:Include anything unusual about weather,the
sample or anything else considered pertinent by
collectors.
C.Age Weight Length (AWL)Form (see Figures 3A and 3B)
1.General Guidelines
a.Information on the back of the gum card should be the
same as that on the corresponding AWL Form.
b.Each finished scale card should be attached to the
corresponding AWL form with a paper clip.
c.Always use No.2 or softer pencil.
-193-
,----------._----_..
6/30/83 (Corrected)
d.When filling in length data,place the decimal point in
the same column consistantly.
e.Put zeros in columns where data not taken -do not
leave columns blank.
Table 19.Anadromous Adult Investigations -Susitna Hydro
Statistical Codes and Code Samples.
DISTRICT SUBDISTRICT RIVER LOCATION CODE LOCATION NAME
247 41 100 100 Susitna Station
247 41 100 101 Yentna Station
247 41 100 102 Sunshine Station
247 41 100 103 Talkeetna Station
247 41 100 104 Curry Station
2.Information Explanation (See Table 19).
a.Heading:At the top of each AWl.form,the sample name
is written out.The log number will be filled out in
Anchorage.
b.District,sub-district and river:See Table 19 for
proper codes.
c.Sampling location:See Table 19.
d.Project:Code from reverse side of AWL form.
e.Note first date only.
f.Period:Not necessary to fill out.
-194-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
g.Gear:Code for type used to catch the fish.Obtained
from the reverse side of the AWL form.
h.Mesh size:Remains blank.
i.Sample number:Sequential number which matches an
appropriate gum card (see A.Numbering).
j.Spec.:Code for each species (see reverse of AWL
form)•
k.Sex:Check male or female appropriately.Use 1 for
male,2 for female.
1•Length:Recorded in mi 11 i meters from mi d-eye to fork
of tail.
m.Weight:Recorded to nearest one-tenth kilogram.
n.Age class:Completed by biologists after viewing scale
impressions.
o.Column A and I:Used by Stock Identification -do not
use.
p.Column B:River bank designation.
q.Column C:Injury code (see reverse of AWL form.
Fi gure 3B).
r.Columns D-H:Remarks.
-195-
"--_._----------------
6/30/83 (Corrected)
RESIDENT AND JUVENILE ANADROMOUS FISHERIES STUDIES
FY-83 Field Data Forms:
FORM No.
RJ 82-01
RJ 82-02
RJ 82-03
RJ 82-04
RJ 82-05
RJ 82-05
(alternate)
RJ 82-06
RJ 82-07
RJ 82-08
RJ 82-09
AH 82-01
AH 82-05 1/
AH 82-ES-01 1/
AA-82-02 1/
AA-82-03 1/
AA-82-05 1/
TITLE
Susitna Hydro Standard Gear Catch Data
Susitna Hydro Biological Data
Susitna Hydro Tag Deployment Data
Susitna Hydro Tag Recapture Data
Susitna Hydro Opportunistic Gear Catch Data
Susitna Hydro Opportunistic Gear Catch Data
Susitna Hydro Proposed Impoundment Hook &Line
Catch Data
Susitna Hydro Proposed Impoundment Other Gear
Catch Data
Susitna Hydro Downstream Migrant Trap Catch Data
Susitna Hydro Downstream Migrant Biological Data
Susitna Hydro Aquatic Habitat Field Data
Stage Data Field Form
Aquatic Habitat Data Electroshocking Form
Electroshocking Data Record for Spawning Fish
Electroshocking Catch Form
Adult Anadromous and Resident Spawning Site Map
1/Use of these forms will be discussed in the AA &AH sections of the
procedure manual respectively.
Data codes to be presented in filling out the above forms are presented in
Figure 3.
-196-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
Form Headings:
Many of the headings on the RJ data forms are similar and the following
comments refer to these heading in general.
Page __of Example (l)-If you fished Indian River for one 3 hr.-
sampling period with 15 minnow traps and
you caught 20 chinook salmon age 0+.
You would use the following page
numbers.
Standard Gear Form -Page 1.of 1.
8io.Form -Page 1.of 1.
Example (2)-If you fished Indian River for one 3 hr.
sampling period with 30 minnow traps and
you caught 41 chinook salmon age 0+.
You would use the foll owing page
numbers.
Standard Gear Form -Page 1.of ~
and -Page ~of ~
-Page 1.of 1
8io.Form -Page ~of 1
and -Page 1 of 1
FD/SFH
Location
FD =Fish Distribution
SFH =Selected Fish Habitat
Circle FD or SFH depending on what type
of location is being sampled and write
the locations name in the space
-197-
STA~DAPD GEAR CODES BA IT CODE
SI)HYOIlO nATA C('IDES,1982
RESIDENT SPECIES CODES
'i ""'r?now trao
Sa fish trap
10 t ret 1i ne
OPPORTUNISTIC GEAR CODES
I artificial
2 fish
3 egg
4 other
5 bacon
162 Slim.y sculpin
500 Northern pike
530 Oollv Varden
541 Rainbow trout
550 Lake trout
582 Humpback whitefish
586 Rounrl whitefi'h
590 Burbot
610 Arctic grayling
640 Longnose sucker
660 Tl'1reespine stickleh~ck
661 Ninespine sticklohack
00 Flay Tag
--- -(000000 to 009999 series)
01 Flo.v Ta9
- - - -(010000 to 019999 series)
0004 Flov Tae
---(0004006 series with 7
diS~~S·150 tags deployed
in impoundment durine 1981
sea son),
Cd Danoler Tag
- - - -(:\00 to 3000 series)
I setgillret
!a drift cillnet
2 ~lectroshoc~
3 beac~seine
S ~oo'&line
C otl'1er (spec ify)
:AG COOES
FATE CODES
a mortality
1 released'
2 tagged
3 tagged -hooked in mouth
4 tagged·swallowed hook
5 escaped
6 preserved
RECAPTURE COOES
Su Hydro staff
2 ADF&G (other)
3 Sport Fishermen
(specify Mme.
address.and
phone no.in
corrmenh)
JUVENILE ANAORmmUS COOES
410 Chinook 0+430 Cohn O·
411 Chi nook 1+431 Coho 1+
412 Chinook juvenile 432 Coho 2+
415 Chinook smolt 0+433 Coho juveni Ie
416 Chinook smolt 1+435 Coho smol t 0+
417 Chinook smolt 436 Coho sma It 1+
437 Coho smolt 2+
420 Sockeye 0+438 Coho smolt
421 Sockeye 1+
422 Sockeye juvenile 440 Pink 0+
425 Sockeye smolt 0+
426 Sockeye smolt 1+450 Chum 0+
427 Sockeye Smo It
ADULT ANAOROMOUS CODES
041 Chinook 511 Smelt,Eulacl'1on
042 Sockeye 585 Bering Cisco
043 Coho 600 Pacific lamprey
044 Pink 601 Ar,t ic 1amprey
045 Chum ...
"
Figure 3.RJ Data Form.Coding,FY-83.
-198-
.~--~~._.'---~----,,'._'.-----'-~~--"----------..
RM/TRM
GC
Date:Gear Set
Gear Pu lled
Collectors Initials
Remarks
6/30/83 (Corrected)
provided.Be sure to record the name of
the location exactly the same way each
time you return.
RM =River Mile
TRM =Tributary River Mile
Circle RM or TRM,depending on which is
relevant and record the mileage to the
nearest tenth of a mile.
GC =Geographic Code
File in:meridian -(i.e.)S or F
(Seward/Fairbanks)
township -(i.e.)32N
range -(i.e.)OlE
section -(i.e.)04
grid -(i.e.)BAB
82 /06 /01
year month day
Note -the computer requires you to
enter a 2-di git number for the year,
month,and day as shown above.
The first letter of each samplers
first and last name is sufficient.
Use this space for line item comments.
If more then one line is needed to
complete the remark,precede it with a
sub-heading indicating which piece of
-199-
._-_.._----------
6/30/83 (Corrected)
gear and/or location the remark pertains
to.
(i.e.)5/3-2 Observed a school of 20
sockeye 0+swimming in the
shallows near this trap.
Approximate lengths 20 mm.
Comments The blank space at the bottom of each
sampling form is intended for whole page
comments.
(i.e.)Sport fishermen questioned at
this location indicated that
duri ng the current peri od of
low water,rainbow trout
catches have diminished.
SUSITNA HYDRO STANDARD GEAR CATCH DATA RJ 82-01
Designed for recording fishing times and catch by species for 15 minnow
traps,1 fish trap,and 3 trotlines.
The PSN space on this form
code.The first digit will
within a sampling location.
following criteria:
is designed to accommodate a 3 digit location
indicate a hydraulic zone or sub-sampling area
Initially zones were determined based on the
ZONE CODES
1
HYDRAULIC DESCRIPTION
Free flowing reach of tributary,slough,or side
channel,not influenced by back water or eddies.
Notes:this code will not be used at mainstem
sites.
-200-
2
3
6/30/83 (Corrected)
At tributary and slough mouths this code will
represent backwater areas created by the mainstem.
In mainstem sites,this zone will represent slack
water areas with no appreciable velocity.
Notes:if a mainstem,tributary,or slough site
does not have any slack water zone,then
this code will not be used.
Represents the zone where the tributary or slough
mouth water mixes with the mainstem.At mainstem
sites it will represent areas with a significant
surface current.
To insure proper coding,a description of each zone should be provided in
the field notes along with the zone code number that was assigned.A
notation in the remarks column concerning the zone number on the data form
(I.E.upper/slough -with current)should also be provided for proper cross
checking of code numbers.Currently the zone codes and their corresponding
hydraulic description are being revised.A listing of the new zone codes
will be included in the updated version of this text.The last 2-digits in
the PSN space represent the gear number (i.e.01-99).Each piece of gear
will reflect a replicate of each hydraulic zone but in all cases will be
recorded individually.
Time set,time pulled,and total time will be recorded in hours and
minutes,and recorded as military time (0000 to 2400 hours).
Wi th regards to the data codes needed to complete the remi nder of th is
form,refer to the Su Hydro Data Code sheet and note the following
additions:
Bait Code -since bacon was established as a standard bait,it now has
its own code no.-(5).
-201-
--._--.._._---_._----
6/30/83 (Corrected)
Species Code -Note that the code changes from last year on slimy sculpin
(162),longnose suckers (640),and Bering cisco (585).
The code list for juvenile anadromous fishes has been
expanded to differentiate juveniles from smolts.Henceforth
the age classes of all juvenile salmon and smolts will be
determined after the field season utilizing the computer.
Consequently,field personnel will only have to assign a
juvenile or smolt code to each juvenile anadromous species
that is captured.
(i.e.)All juvenile chinook are assigned the code (412)
and all chinook smolts should be coded as (417).
SUSITNA HYDRO BIOLOGICAL DATA RJ 82-02
Species Codes -refer to the Su Hydro Data Code sheet
Length -measure all lengths to the nearest millimeters.Record
fork lengths or total lengths for the species being sampled
as prescribed in the 1981 procedures manual.
Sex -male or female,check one if the data is available.
Age -recorded in the office.
Scale Card No.-use pre-numbered cards (0001 -9999).These cards
are designed primarily to reference scales and otoliths
for aging,however they can also be dropped in specimen
bottles and used to identify preserved specimens.
Gear Code -See Su Hydro Data Code Sheet
PSN - 3 digit location code,refer to earlier discussion.
-202-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
Mesh Size -stretched mesh measurement,recorded to the nearest
hundredth of an inch.
Tag Number -refer to the Su Hydro Data Code Sheet.Always record the
full 6-digit code and be sure not to leave out any of the
zeroes.Floy tags have 00 or 01 prefix and dangler tags
are indicated by Od prefix followed by a 4-digit code.
Fate Code -see Su Hydro Data Code sheet.
SUSITNA HYDRO TAG DEPLOYMENT DATA RJ 82-03
Tag Number
Gear Code
Date
Sped es Code
Length
same procedure as indicated previously
Sampling Location -reference all sampling sites to known geographic
locations (i.e.)tributary mouths,sloughs,
bridges,towns,fish distribution locations,etc.
(i.e.)Selected Fish Habitat -0.5 miles below the
Parks Highway bridge.
Mainstem or Tributary -check one.Columns added to aid data processors
in determi ni ng whether the ri ver mi 1e recorded
refers to a mainstem or tdbutary site.
River Mile -same as procedure discussed previously.
SUSITNA HYDRO TAG RECAPTURE DATA RJ 82-04
Tag Number -Note that this form allows for the recovery of
tags with a 7-digit code.This is to allow for
-203-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
the recovery of 150 7-digit tags used in
impoundment 1ast season.For a11 6-di git tags
recovered,record the number to the ri ght of the
existing zero in the second column and leave the
first column blank.
Recapture Code -refer to Su Hydro Code sheet
All other items on this form discussed previously
SUSITNA HYDRO OPPORTUNISTIC GEAR CATCH DATA RJ 82-05
Designed for use with gear that for one reason or another can not be
utilized on a regular basis.Set and drift gill nets,beach seines,hook
and line,and electrofishing gear are considered to be opportunistic gear.
When the field biologist believes such gear deployment is required,a
minimum of two different conditions should be sampled during each sampling
period.The different conditions being sampled and the rationale for why
such sampling is being performed are to be recorded in the field notebook.
Also record this information in the remarks column on the date forms.
An alternate version of Form RJ 82-05 with no net lengths or mesh sizes
listed for gill nets is available upon request.
Conductivity -record hydrolab reading in umhos/cm
Volts
Amps
record settings on shocker
Hook Type -inhouse evaluation of the effectiveness of different hook
types
(i.e.)Mepps spinner,No.2
Royal Coachman,dry fly
-204-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
SUSITNA HYDRO PROPOSED IMPOUNDMENT HOOK &LINE CATCH DATA RJ 82-06
This form will be utilized to record hook and line catch data from the
proposed impoundment area above Devil Canyon.
Reach -two letter location code which designate the following
three types of habitat locations based on their physical
characteristics:
Code Description
M The confluence habitat encompasses that area of
the Susitna River below the mouth of the tributary
which is influenced by the tributary stream flow,
the mi xi ng area,and that area of the tri butary
which is influenced by the rise/fall of the
Susitna River.
P The pool habi tat is compri sed of the 1a rge poo 1s
within the tributaries between the mouth and the
proposed impoundment elevation where the bul k of
the resident fish have been observed to reside.
R The riffle habitat will include those stretches of
each tributary located between the major pool
areas in the reach between the mouth of the
tributary and the impoundment elevation.These
areas are comprised of smaller pools,rock eddies,
riffles,and whitewater.
The second letter of the location code will be composed of lower case
letters from a to z.Sampling locations at or near the confluence will all
be designated by the letter - a (i.e.Ma,Pa,Ra).Sampling locations
above these sites will be assigned letters in sequence thereafter.(i.e.
Pb,Rb,Pc,Rc ••.).
-205-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
TRM -tributary river mile in tenths of miles.
Total Time -hours and hundreths of hours,rounded off to the nearest
quarter hour.
Catch -Species catches are record by species.Species codes are
listed on the Su Hydro Code sheet.
SUSITNA HYDRO PROPOSED IMPOUNDMENT OTHER GEAR CATCH DATA RJ 82-07
This form is designated for use at sampling locations in the mainstem
Susitna River,tributary mouths,and lakes in the proposed impoundment area
above Devil Canyon.
Species Code
PSN
Net Length
Mesh Size
Hook Size
Bait Type
Time (Set,Pulled,and Total)
Catch -Species Code
same procedure as indicated previously
SUSITNA HYDRO DOWNSTREAM MIGRANT TRAP BIOLOGICAL DATA RJ 82-09
Species Code
Length
Age
same procedure as indicated previously
Scale Slide No.-scale are mounted on glass microscope slides for aging
and these slides are numbered from 0001 to 9999.
Fate Code -discussed previously,see Su Hydro Code sheet.
SUSITNA HYDRO DOWNSTREAM MIGRANT TRAP CATCH DATA RJ 02-08
-206-
Time -Set
Check
Total
Daily Total
6/30/83 (Corrected)
mil itary time
hours,expressed to the nearest tenth of an hour
Trap Depth -feet,expressed to the nearest tenth of a foot
Velocity feet per second,expressed to the nearest tenth of
a foot
Catch -Species Code -same procedure as indicated previously
Remarks -this space will include two addition pieces of data.
The distance the trap was set from shore will be
recorded to the nearest foot and the total number of
fish that were found as mortalities in the live box
will also be recorded.
SUSITNA HYDRO AQUATIC HABITAT FIELD DATA AH-82-01
Water Quality Data:
Mi ltary Time
Temp.-Air
-Water
degrees Centigrade expressed to the nearest tenth
of a degree
-expressed to the nearest tenth
Dissolved Oxygen -expressed to the nearest tenth
Spec.Condo -Meter -conductivity meter reading,expressed to the nearest
tenth
-Adj -adjusted reading based on correction factor calulated
for each meter
-207-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
Rel.Velocity -feet per second,expressed to the nearest tenth
Turbi dity
Hydrolab No.-record meter number
Barometric Pressure
Staff Gage Measurements:
Staff gages will be numbered with a four part,seven place alph-numeric
code (see example below).
EXAMPLE:Mainstem gage at River mile 101.2,second gage from shore,set
number one
I
Rivermil e
1 o 1 2 M
:Placement:
Code
1
Set
#
B
Gage
River Mile (first four places of code)-to be determined to the nearest
tenth mile from the blueline aerial photo maps.
Placement Code (PC)(fifth place)-indicates whether a gage is placed in a
slough (S),at the head of a slough (H),in a tributary (T),in the
mainstem (M),or at an R&M cross-section (X).
SET (sixth place)- a single digit which identifies a group of staff gages
within a site which were set to measure the full range of stage flucautions
at a given point.
GAGE (seventh place)- a letter identifying a gage within a set.Letters
will be assigned alphabetically,beginning with the gage nearest shore.
Gage measurements wi 11 be recorded in feet to the nearest hundredth of a
-208-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
foot
Substrate Date:
General substrate data will be collected for each hydraulic zone that is
sampled at a fish distribution or selected fish habitat location.
Gear Code leave this space blank
PSN -this space will be utilized to specify the hydraulic zone code
which is being sampled
Emb -determine embeddedness of the substrate by inspection.If the
embeddedness is sufficient to hinder fish activity (i.e.
spawning,rearing)enter a (Y),if not enter a (N)in this
space.
Dominant -enter the dominant substrate found in that hydraulic zone.
Substrate codes are listed on the form as follows:
Substrate Codes:Substrate Description
SI silt very fine
SA sand fines
GR gravel 1/4 11 -3"
RU rubble 311 -511
CO cobble 511 -10"
BO boulder greater than 1011
Notes -describe breakdown of substrate types if necessary.Also note
cover characteristics.
-209-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
AQUATIC HABITAT AND INSTREAM FLOW STUDIES FY 83 DATA FORM INSTRUCTIONS
Planimetric Map Form (AH-82-03)
1.File No.:Indicates file location.
2.Crew:List names or initials of personnel making measurements
and entering data on form.
3.Habitat Location:Enter descriptive name of study area (i.e.
Slough 8A).
4.Sampling Site:Enter descriptive name of sampling area within
the habitat study location (i.e.head,mouth,etc.).
5.River Mile:Enter the number of miles from the river mouth to
the habitat location.River miles are indicated on the Alaska
Power Authority I s Susitna Ri ver hydrographi c map set.
6.Geographical Code (GC):Enter the 12 digit code identifying the
sampling location.
7.Gage Number (no.)and Height (ht.):
identification number for the gage and
water depth at the gage).
Record the established
the stage reading (i.e.,
8.Date:Enter date that measurements are taken.
9.Page:Indicate the page number and the total number of pages
used (i.e.1 of 5,2 of 5,5 of 5).
10.Description:Enter any information which helps describe the
sampling site or the sampling location (i.e.bend in river,
riffle 100 yards downstream of small island,river is braided,
straight,or meandering,etc.Figure 5).
-210-
11.Draft map to include the following:
Substrate
Cover
Bankfull top width and top width
Pools and riffles
Channel dimensions
Location of staff gages and transects
Location of sampling gear
Compass orientation
-211-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
6/30/83 (Corrected)
Discharge Form (AH-82-04)
1-10 Refer to 1-10 of instructions for AH-82-03.
11.Type Meter and Number:Record the type of meter (i.e.,Price AA,
Pygmy or March McBirney meter)and the serial number.
12.Distance From Head Pin:The horizontal measurement from the head
pin to each vertical along the transect.
13.Angle Coefficient:A correction factor for the angle of flow as
it intersects the transect line.Values fall between 0.00 and
1.00 and are determined by use of an angle coefficient chart.
14.Velocity Depth:this is the vertical distance from the water
surface to the channel bottom at each vertical measured to the
nearest 0.1 foot if possible.
15.Streambed Elevation:Computed at each vertical by subtracting
the velocity depth from the average of the right bank (RB)and
left bank (LB)water surface elevations for that transect at that
particular flow.Left and Right Banks are determined by looking
upstream.These data are collected only where surveyed head pins
are established.
16.Observation Depth:Indicate at what depth the point velocity was
measured.Velocity will be measured at .6 of the depth from the
surface for a depth less than three (2.5)feet and .2 and .8 for
depth greater than three (2.5)feet.
17.Revolutions:Record number of revolutions when using a Price AA
or Pygmy flow meter.When using a Marsh McBirney meter draw a
line through this column.
-212-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
18.Time:Record in seconds as timed by a stopwatch,when using a
Price AA or Pygmy flow meter.When using a Marsh McBirney meter
draw a line through this column.
19.Point Velocity:this is the velocity obtained from the rating
table IJsing revolution and time information or the velocity
reading from a direct readout meter.
20.Mean Vertical Velocity:The average of the 0.2 and 0.8 point
velocity readings for the vertical.If the velocity was measured
only at 0.6 the depth this is the same as the point velocity.
21.Mean Cell Velocity:the average of the two adjacent mean verti-
cal velocities are normally grouped beginning from the LB to the
RB water's edges.
22.Mean Cell Depth:The average of the depths of two adjacent
verticals.
23.Cell Width:The horizontal distance between adjacent verticals.
24.Cell Area:Computed by multiplying each mean cell depth with the
cell width.
25.Flow (Discharge):Computed by multiplying each cell area by its
respective mean cell velocity,and when applicable,the angle
coefficient and totalling the resultant values.
-213-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
Stage Data Field Form (AH-82-05)
1.File No.:Indicate file number.
2.Page:To ensure that the stage data forms are in order according
to date fi 11 in the boxes at the top ri ght corner of the form.
These boxes are to indicate the page number in the set and the
tota 1 number of pages of data in the set in order to facil itate
data compilation.
3.Gage No.:Read all the gages wi thi n the site and record the
appropriate gage number for each gage reading.Multiple readings
increase the precision of the stage data.Gage numbers are
located on the attached float,on the back of the gage and in
many cases on an attached tag.
4.Date:Enter two numbers each to indicate year,month and day for
every recorded staff gage reading.
5.Time:Enter military time (24 hour clock).
6.Gage Reading:Record the stage by entering the gage reading to
the nearest 0.01 foot."DRY"or "SUBM"wi 11 be recorded when a
gage is dewatered or submerged,respectively.
7.Total Depth:Record total depth when the staff gage reading is
used in conjunction with a known cross section to be used in
determining wetted perimeter or if the staff gage is suspected of
being silted in.Total depth is determined by holding a staff
gage on the substrate next to the gage being read and reading the
water surface on the gage being held.
8.Initials:Enter the first,middle and last initial of the person
recording the staff gage reading.If problems with the gage
reading do arise many times the person responsible for the
reading help in solving the problem.
-214-
9.Notes &Comments:
individual reading
water,etc.)
6/30/83 (Corrected)
Use this space for brief notes about an
(e.g.rising stage,descending stage,choppy
10.Additional Notes &Comments:Record additional information
pertinent to the site in general or the individual gage reading,
(e.g.poor gage placement,head of slough is breached,
straightened bent gage before reading,etc ••.).Be sure to
include the line number.
-215-
----,---------"""','
6/30/83 (Corrected)
General Habitat Data Form (AH-82-07)
1-10.Refer to 1-10 of instructions for AH-82-03 (number 4 and 7 are
not on this form).
11.Date:Enter date measurements are taken.
12.Military Time:Enter time using the 24 hour system (i.e.for
1:00 p.m.enter 1300).
13.GPSN:enter gear placement site number (described in 1981
procedures manual).
14.Temperature (Temp)°C:Enter air and water temperature.
15.pH:Enter value as measured using the procedure described in the
methods section.
16.Dissolved Oxygen (D.O.,mg/l):Enter value as measured following
the procedure in the methods section.
17.Turbidity (NTU):Indicate with a check (/)on left side of
blank that a turbidity sample was taken;enter turbidity value
after analysis.
18.Specific Conductance-Meter:enter the value for spec.condo as
displayed on the meter.
19.Specific Conductance-Adjusted:Upon return from the field enter
the adjusted value obtained from the calibration curve.
20.Ice thickness:measure the distance form the bottom of the ice
to the top.
21.Water Depth:enter the distance from the surface of the water to
the substrate.(Notes will be made in the "note"section of the
-216-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
form if slush ice is present or if the water surface and ice
surface differ by more than 0.5 foot).
22.Mean Velocity:Enter the mean velocity measured at 0.6 depth
under the 0.6 or mean column.If 0.2 and 0.8 depth is used enter
the 0.2 reading above the slash and 0.8 reading below the slash
in the 0.2/0.8 column.Enter the mean velocity (calculated by
averaging the 0.2 and 0.8 measurement)in the 0.6 or mean column.
23.Substrate:Estimate the three major substrate types within the
sampling site and enter their respective percentages.
24.Meter Number (Hydrolab):Enter the serial number of the Hydrolab
used.
25.Meter Number (Flow):Enter the type and serial number of the
flow meter used.
26.Discharge:Record total discharge if measured.
27.Comments,related data,notes:Enter any comments pertinent to
the data collected (i.e.deviation from techniques,other infor-
mation available,adverse conditions,etc.).
-217-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
Aquatic Habitat Data Eletroshocking Form (AH-82-ES-Ol)
1.File Number:Record appropriate file number.
2.Page:Indicate the page number and total number of pages.
3.Crew:List the names or initials of personnel making measure-
ments and entering data on form.
4.Date:Enter date in digit format in the order:year,month,
day.
5.Time:Enter military time.
6.Sample #(in header):Enter the assigned sample number
determined by RJ,AH or AA crew member.
7.Location:Enter descriptive location name.
8.RM:Enter river mile of the site or tributary mouth obtained
from R&M blue line maps.
9.Tributary River Mile:Enter the river mile of the tributary
sampled if applicable.
10.Geographical Code:Enter the 12 digit code identifying the
sample location.
11.Sample #(in column):Enter number to identify specific data
collection location within the site.
12.Depth:Record total depth corresponding to sample #.
13.Velocity:Record the mean velocity measured at 0.6 of total
depth under the X/0.6 column.If 0.2 and 0.8 depths are used
-218-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
enter the velocities under the appropriate columns and the mean
velocity under X/0.6.Record velocity to nearest tenth.
14.Substrate:Record substrate type dominant at the site.
15.Embeddedness:Record embeddedness.
16.Air Temperature:Enter air temperature in °C to nearest tenth.
17.Intragravel Temperature:Enter intergravel temperature °C to the
nearest tenth.
18.Surface Water Temperature:Enter surface water temperature °C to
the nearest tenth.
19.pH:Enter pH to the nearest tenth.
20.Dissolved Oxygen:Enter dissolved oxygen in mg/l to nearest
tenth.
21.Specific Conductance:Enter specific conductance in umhos/cm to
the nearest tenth.
22.Comments:Enter any comments in this section.
-219-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
Aquatic Habitat Data Electrofish Winter Form (AH-ES-WINTER)
1.File Number:Record appropriate file number.
2.Page:Indicate the page number and total number of pages.
3.Crew:List the names or initials of personnel making measure-
ments and entering data on form.
4.Date:Enter date in digit format in the order:year,month,
day.
5.Time:Enter military time.
6.Location:Enter descriptive location name.
7.Description:describe the hydraulic characteristics of the area
being shocked (i.e.,pool,riffle,confluence).
8.RM:Enter river mile of the site or tributary mouth obta"ined
from R&M blue line maps.
9.Tributary River Mile:Enter the river mile of the tributary
sampled if applicable.
10.Geographical Code:Enter the 12 digit code identifying the
sample location.
11.Sample #:Enter number to identify specific data collection
location within the site.
12.Depth:Record total depth corresponding to sample #.
13.Ice thickness:Enter thickness of ice.
14.Velocity:Enter the mean velocity measured at 0.6 under the
X/0.6 column.If 0.2 and 0.8 depths are used enter the
-220-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
velocities under the appropriate columns and the mean velocity
under X/0.6.Record velocity to nearest tenth.
15.Sample #:Enter number to identify specific data collection
location within the site.
16.Air Temperature:Enter air temperature in °C to nearest tenth.
17.Surface Water Temperature:Enter surface water temperature °C to
the nearest tenth.
18.Dissolved Oxygen:Enter dissolved oxygen in mg/l to nearest
tenth.
19.Specific Conductance:Enter specific conductance in umhos/cm to
the nearest tenth.
20.pH:Enter pH to the nearest tenth.
21.Substrate:Record substrate type dominant in the site using
codes explained in the RJ data from section of this addendum.
22.Comments:Enter any comments in this section.
23.Hydrolab #:Enter serial number of meter used.
24.Marsh-McBirney:Enter serial number of meter used.
-221-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
Salmon Spawning Habitat Utilization (AH-82-FHU-1)
1.File Number:Enter appropriate file number.
2.Crew:Enter names or initials of persons taking and recording
data.
3.Location:Slough number or tributary name.
4.G.C.:Geographical code is expressed by
// / //
gridrangemeridiantownshipsection number
of sample sites
in grid
5.Gage No.:Seven digit number of the staff gage within the sample
area used to record change in the water level.
6.Height start:Record gage height in hundredths of a foot when
sampling began.
7.Height end:Record gage height in hundredths of a foot when
sampling ended.
8.Page:Indicate the page number and total number of pages.
9.Date:Enter date of recording.To be done in order of:
year,month,day with two digits each ( / /).
10.Time:In military time record beginn"ing and ending time of
sampling.
11.Meter type &No.:Type of velocity meter used i.e.Price AA,
Marsh McBirney,Pygmy.No.is the serial number of that meter.
-222-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
12.Digisense No.:Serial number of meter used for intragravel temp.
13.Trans:Record transect number that represents the area in which
data was obtained.
14.Depth:Record depth of water in feet at sample site (redd).
15.Rev.:Record number of revolutions of Price AA or Pygmy meter
that were used to obtain velocity reading.
16.Sec:Record number of seconds it took to obtain revolutions for
velocity readings.
17.Velocity:
0.2 3 digit number velocity reading from rating curve
taken at 0.2 foot from the water surface.
0.8 3 digit number velocity reading from rating curve
taken at 0.8 foot from the water surface.
Readings at 0.2 &0.8 foot are taken only when water depth is 2.5
feet or more.
0.6/mean:velocity reading taken at 0.6 foot from the water
surface or the mean of the 0.2 &0.8 foot
readings.
18.Substr:Use 2 letter codes to indicate the 2 most predominate
substrate types present with the most predomi nate type 1i sted
first refer to AH-82-01 for substrate codes.
19.Intragr.Temp:Record in degrees centigrade the intragravel
water temperature taken 6"below the substrate surface.
20.Water Temp:Record in degrees centigrade the water temperature.
-223-
-------------
6/30/83 (Corrected)
21.Species Code:Denote which salmon species that the data applies
to.Code is at bottom of form.
22.Redd No.:Denote 3 digit number of the redd present (if present)
within the area where data is obtained.First digit indicate
salmon species (C-chum,P-pink,f:.sockeye,S-coho,K-chinook).
The last two digits refer to field assigned number (between 1-9).
23.Check for Comments:Record any specifi c comments here or at
bottom of page under NOTES &COMMENTS,be sure to include line
number if applies to only one measurement.
24.Air Temp:Record air temperature in degrees centigrade.
25.Daily Redd Summary:
Measured:List number of redds measured of each salmon
species.
Counted:List number of total redds counted of each salmon
species.
26.Notes &Comments:The blank space at the bottom of each form is
intended for whole page comments.
-224-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
Water Quality (AH-82-FHU-2)
1.File Number:Enter appropriate file number.
2.Crew:Enter name(s)or initial(s)of person taking and recording
data.
3.Location:Slough number or tributary name.
4.Meter No.:Hydrolab serial number.
5.Page:Indicate the page number and total number of pages.
6.R.M.River mile:Enter the river mile of the site or tributary
mouth obtained from R&M blue line maps.
7.G.C.:Geographical code is expressed by
/////
gridrangemeridiantownshipsection number
of sample sites .
in grid
8.Date:Enter date of recording.To be done in order of:
year,month,day with two digits each ( / /__).
9.Time:In military time when data is obtained.
10.Site:2 digit number of letter to denote which site within a
location that data is obtained.
11.Air Temp:Record air temperature in degrees centigrade.
12.Water Temp:Record in degrees centigrade the water temperature.
-225-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
13.D.O.:Record dissolved oxygen in mg/l.
14.%Sat:Determined from D.O.concentration,water temperature,
and site elevation or barometric pressure using an oxygen satu-
ration nomograph (Wetzel 1975).
15.pH:Record pH.
16.Conductivity
Meter:Record conductivity in umhos/cm as read from the
meter.
Adjusted:Adjust meter reading according to correction
factor from most recent calibration chart.
17.Turbidity:Check (.;)column if sample was taken.Reading:
enter the value when sample is analyzed.
18.~if Comments:Check if comments &record comment at bottom of
page under notes &comments.
19.Notes &Comments:Intended for whole page comments as well as
comments to the above ./1 s.
20.Barometric Pressure:Barometric pressure at time of sampling or
Elevation:Elevation of sampling location.Both blanks need not
be filled out,however Barometric Pressure is preferred.
-226-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
Available Habitat (Discharge)(AH-82-FHU-3)
1.File Number:Enter appropriate file number.
2.Crew:Enter names or initials of person taking and recording
data.
3.Location:Slough number or tributary name.
4.G.C.:Geographical code is expressed by
//// /
meridian township section range gird number
of sample sites
in grid
5.Gage No.:Seven digit number of the staff gage within the sample
area used to record change in the water level.
6.Height start:Record gage height in hundredths of a foot when
sampling began.
7.Hei ght end:Record gage hei ght in hundredths of a foot when
sampling ended.
8.Page:Indicate the page number and total number of pages.
9.Date:Enter date or recording.To be done in order of:
year,month,day with two digits each (__/__/__).
10.Time:In military time record beginning and ending time of
sampling.
11.Length Represented:Record percent of transect length represent-
ed upstream (US)and downstream (OS)of transect;or if transect
is the first or last in a set of transects,record the number of
-227-
,,--_._-----------
feet represented from
stream or downstream.
by transect.
6/30/83 (Corrected)
the open end and a U or D to denote up-
Total =total number of feet represented
12.Distance:Record distance in feet along a transect at which
measurements are taken.Distances are usually 2 foot interval s
or multiples thereof,on even numbers.
13.Angle Coeff.:The angle at which the flow of water crossed the
transect.If the flow is perpendicular to the transect the
coefficient is 1.00.If the flow is parallel the coefficient is
0.00.All other angles are read from a chart prepared by USGS.
14.Depth:Depth in feet taken at the recorded distance.
15.Width:Width of cell represented by the cell number listed
before the distance recordings.
16.Rev.:Record number of revo 1uti ons of Pri ce AA or Pygmy meter
that were used to obtain velocity reading.
17.Sec:Record number of seconds it took to obtain revolutions for
velocity readings.
18.Velocity:
0.2 3 digit number velocity reading from rating curve
taken at 0.2 foot from the water surface.
0.8 3 digit number velocity reading from rating curve
taken at 0.8 foot from the water surface.
Readings at 0.2 &0.8 foot are taken only when water depth is 2.5
feet or more.
0.6/mean:velocity reading taken at 0.6 foot from the water
surface or the mean of the 0.2 &0.8 foot
readings.
-228-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
19.Flow:Computed by multiplying the angle coefficient by the
depth,by the width,by the mean velocity.
20.Substr:Use 2 letter codes to indicate the 2 most predominate
substrate types present with the most predomi nate type 1i sted
first refer to AH-82-01 for substrate codes.
21.Check for Comments:Record any specific comments here or check
(v/l if at bottom of page under NOTES &COMMENTS.
22.Total flow:Sum total of all flows in flow column.If two pages
are used record total of both pages.
23.Meter type &No.:Record type of velocity meter used,and
serial number.
24.Notes &Comments:Intended for whole page comments as well as
comments pertaining to checks (~s)within the form.
-229-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
Intragravel/Surface Water Measurements (AH-83-FHU-4)
Explanation of Form:
1.File No.:Enter file number.
2.Personnel:Enter names or initials of person taking and
recording data.
3.Location:Slough #or tributary name (This study is being done
primarily in the sloughs at this time.It may be expanded to
include tributaries in the future.If there is more than one
sampling site in a slough/tributary,it will be indicated in the
site co 1umn).
4.Date:Year-month-day.
5.Time:24 hour (military)time.
6.R.M.:River mile.
7.T.R.M.:Tributary river mile (use only for sampling in a tribu-
tary,leave blank if sampling was done in a slough).
8.G.C.:Geographic Code -12 digit code.
9.Barometric Pressure:In inches of mercury.
10.Page of Page:Indicate the page number and the total number of
pages lJsed.
Items in box labeled for AH use only,pertain to the whole page.They do
not need to be computerized.
-230-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
11.D.O.Calibration:Fill in as you calibrate the meter in the
field.
12.Measurement method/meter number:For each measurement
(conductivity,pH,dissolved oxygen,temperature)note meter
number or wet chemistry,whichever method is used.
13.Site:A••.Z for each slough,only one space is needed.There
will probably not be more than one or two sites per slough.
14.Standpipe #:Standpipes are to be numbered L (left bank),R
(right bank)or M (mid stream)followed by a number (1...n)
starting with the pipe furthest downstream and working upstream
at each site enter 0 before the first 9 digits (ie.,01,02 etc).
Water Quality measurements (pH,water temperature,dissolved oxygen,%
oxygen saturation,and conductivity)are repeated for the intragravel and
surface measurements.The water depth for each is standardized and need
not be recorded.
15 &25 pH:To be measured with DigiSense portable field pH meter
or Hach wet chemistry.
16 &22 Water Temperature:°c to the nearest tenth of a degree,to
be measured with V.S.!.57 D.O./Temp meter or V.S.!.33
S.C.T.meter.
17 &23 Dissolved Oxygen (mg/l):To be measured with the V.S.!57
D.O./Temp meter or the modified Hach wet chemistry method.
18 &24 %Oxygen Saturation:Upon return to the office,percent
oxygen saturation is determined from a nomograph,based on
measured water temperature (OC),dissolved oxygen (mg/l)and
barometric pressure (inches of mercury).
-231-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
19 &25 Conductivity (umhos/cm)Field:Conductivity measured in
the field with the Y.S.I.33 S.C.T.meter.Conductivities
are reported in micromhos/cm.
20 &26 Conductivity (umhos/cm)adjusted:The standard reporting
format for conductivity measurements is umhos/cm (micro umhos per
centimeter)at 25°C.If the conductivity meter isn't
automatically temperature compensated,such as with the Y.S.I.33
S-C-T or the Beckman model RC-16C,the meter readi ng must be
corrected to 25°C using the following formula.
When the sample conductivity is measured,conductivity at 25°C is
K =(Km)(C)
1 +0.0191 (T-25)
Where:K =conductivity (umhos/cm)
Km =measured conductivity in umhos/cm at tC
Note:If the conductivity reading is
not in umhos/cm,multiply the
numerator by 1,000,000.
C =cell constant,cm-1 (YSI 33 S-C-T meter =
5.00,Beckman RC-16C =0.1)
(If the cell constant for a specific meter
isn't stated in the instruction manual for
that meter,it must be cal cul ated as de-
scribed in Standard Methods).
T =Temperature of measurement (OC)
Note:Terri Cassady,Y.S.I.Scientific Division Sales states that the
YSI 33.S.CT meter internally compensates for the cell constant
duri ng conductivity measurements.When correcti ng for tempera-
ture,use 1 as the cell constant not 5.This is not stated in
the manual.
-232-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
27.Notes and Comments:Record any infonnation that will aid in
interpretation of data.Be sure to indicate line number if
specific to a particular line.
-233-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
Water Quality Field Form (AH-83-IFE-Ol)
1.File No.:Indicates file location.
2.Page:Indi cate the page number and the total number of pages
used (i.e.1 of 5,2 of 5,•..5 of 5).
3.Crew:List names or initials of personnel making measurements
and entering data on form.
4.Date:Enter two numbers each to indicate year,month and day for
every recorded staff gage reading.
5.Location:Enter the study site location (i.e.Slough 8A).
6.Site:Enter the location of the sampling (i.e.Slough 8A dis-
charge transect mouth,head,etc.).
7.Time:Enter military time (24 hour clock).
8.Geographical Code (GC):Enter the 12 digit code identifying the
sampling location.
9.Gage No.:Record the established identification number for the
gage.
10.Gage Height:Record the gage reading to the nearest 0.01 foot,
II Dry"or "S ubm"will be recorded when a gage is dewatered or
submerged,respectively.
11.Meter Type:Record the type of meter used to obtain the water
quality information.
12.No:Record the meter serial number used to obtain the water
quality information.
-234-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
13.River Mile:Enter the appropriate river mile for the study
location as determined for the most downstream point of the study
location.
14.Tributary River Mile (T.R.M.):Enter the number of miles from
the tributary mouth to the sampling location.
15.Distance:Record the distance from the head pin to indicate the
location of the measurement.Circle LB if the left bank head pin
was used or RB if the ri ght bank head pi n is used as the zero
point on the transit.
16.Sample Depth:Enter the depth of water the probe was inserted
when obtaining the data.
17.Mercury Thermometer:Record both the water and air temperature
utilizing a calibrated mecury thermometer.
18.Hydrolab:Record water temperature,pH,D.O.,and specific
conductance (meter)under the appropriate column from the meter
read out.If the hydrolab meter serial number begins with 08,
the specific conductance value obtain from the meter readout must
be adjusted by the conductivity correction program and the
adjusted value inserted in the "adjusted"column.
19.Line Comments:Enter comments pertaining to values recorded in
the same line.
20.Whole Page Comments:Enter general comments that may help in
interpreting the data.
-235-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
Discharge Data Summary -Office Form (AH-82-IFE-02)
1.File No.:Indicates file location.
2.Page:Indi cate the page number and the tota 1 number of pages
used (i.e.1 of 5,2 of 5,.•.5 of 5).
3.Location:Enter the study site location (i.e.Slough 8A).
4.Sampling Site:Enter the location of the sample site (i.e.
Slough 8A discharge site,mouth,head,etc.).
5.R.M.:Enter river mile for the study location as determined for
the most downstream point of the study location.
6.Geographical Code (GC):Enter the 12 digit code identifying the
sampling location.
7.Tributary River Mile (LR.M.):Enter the distance from the
tributary mouth to the sampling location.
8.Date:Enter the date as year,month and day (i.e.821201)
9.Gage No.:Record the established identification number of the
gage at site of data collection.
10.Gage Height:Enter the gage height (to the nearest one-hundredth
of a foot),observed at the beginning and end of sampling.
11.Discharge:Enter the measured total discharge.
12.Meter Type:Enter the type of meter used to obtain the measure-
ments (i.e.Price AA,Pygmy).
13.Comments:Enter the comments pertaining to the specific line.
-236-
p
14.Additi ona 1 Conments:Enter
pertaining to a specific line.
-237-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
genera 1 comments or comments
Enter the line number also.
6/30/83 (Corrected)
Staff Gage Elevation Summary -Office Form (AH-83-IFE-03)
1.File No.:Indicates file location.
2.Location:Enter the study site location (i.e.Slough 8A).
3.Sampling Site:Enter the location of the sample site (i.e.
Slough 8A discharge site,mouth,head,etc.).
4.R.M.:Enter river mile for the study location as determined for
the most downstream portion of the study location.
5.Geographical Code (GC):Enter the 12 digit code identifying the
sampling location.
6.Tributary River Mile (T .R.M.):Enter the distance from the
tributary mouth to the sampling location.
7.Date:Enter the date as year,month and day (i.e.821201)
8.Gage No.:Record the established identification number of the
gage at site of data collection.
9.True Elevation:Enter the true elevation of the top of the gage
as determined from a project datum.
10.Compass Headi ng from T8M:Enter the true north compass headi ng
as determi ned from the temporary benchmark (T8M)estab 1i shed for
the gage site.
11.Distance from T8M:Enter the measured distance from the tempo-
rary bench mark (TBM).
12.T.B.M.1.0.:Enter the established name identifying the T8M used
for determining the true elevation of the gage.
-238-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
13.Comments:Enter comments and line number relevant to describing
any ci rcumstances affecti ng the gage el evation,TBM location,
etc.
-239-
---------------------
6/30/83 (Corrected)
FY 83 ADDENDUM TO APPENDIX V-ELECTROSHOCKING INSTRUCTIONS 1
A 20 ft.by 41 flat bottom aluminum river boat powered by a 75 hp outboard
jet and 15 hp outboard prop kicker will be modified for electrofishing
operations on the lower river.The power source for the electrofishing
apparatus (and possible supplemental lighting equipment for night shocking)
will be a four cycle,3.5 kilowatt,120/240 volt,60 HZ A.C.Homlite
Voltamatic genator.Voltage and amperage regulation from the power source
to the water will be through a Coffelt Variable Voltage Pulsator model
VVP-15 and two Coffelt models VVP-3E.Both models are designed to supply
A.C.,D.C.,or pulse output voltages.The output voltages from the VVP-15
can be varied continuously from 0 to 600 volts for all outputs (A.C.,D.C.,
or pulse output voltages.The output voltages from the VVP-15 can be
varied continuously from 0 to 600 volts for all outputs (A.C.,D.C.,Pulsed
D.C.and 0 referenced A.C.Pulsed),for the VVP-3E the output voltages can
be varied from 0 to 300 volts for all outputs (A.C.,D.C.and Pulsed D.C.,
and Pulsed A.C.).The VVP-15 incorporates a 20 to 80 percent adjustable DC
pulse width.For further specifications,refer to the Appendix V.The
proper current type,voltage,amperage and electrod arrangement for
efficient capture of fish will vary for different species of fish and
accordi ng to water qua 1ity parameters such as water temperatu re,
conductivity,depth and turbidity.
Electric current will be applied to the water through either single and
dual anode system,with the cathode comprising the boat surface in contact
with the water.When a single anode is used,a single dip netting pole
will be used both as the anode and as a dip net.The single anode design
will be utilized when probing in deep pools and confinged areas and in
searching for specific species.Under situations when a dual anode system
will be tuilized,each anode will be suspended into the water using a
standard electrofishing boom design.A standard dip net will be used to
capture stunned fish.
lAddendum to FY 82 Appendix V
-240-
6/30/83 (Corrected).
Due to the high voltages and potential hazards associated with
e1ectrofishing,several safety features will be designed into each
e1ectrofishing boat.Each boat will be fitted with 36-40"high
non-conductive coated railing enclosing a non-skid platform.Electrical
units will be placed in covered boxes designed to prevent water from
entering the unit and thereby preventing shour-curcuting.In addition,a
safety circuit incorporating foot feda1s and fall off switches will be
included in the circuitry.All individuals working on the e1ectrofish boat
wi 11 wear hi p boots,1i fe preserver and rubber gloves and be tra i ned in
C.P.R.and basis first aid techniques.
Operational Procedures
1.The power source for e1ectrofishing will be supp1 ied by a 3.5
kilowatt Home1ite Voltmatic generator.The four-cycle engine
uses regular unmixed gasoline.The crank case reservoir oil (30
wt.automotive)must be checked daily and should be changed after
the initial 10 hour break-in period and every 25 hours
thereafter.
2.For optimum e1ectrofising success,a Coffelt e1ectroshocker
(model VVP-15)wi 11 be used to regu1 ate the output amperage,
voltage,frequency and current type.A basic knowledge of
electrical terms and uses as they relate to e1ectrofishing will
result in better unders tandi ng of the effects that occur with
adjustment of the power output.The basic unit of electric
charge is the coulomb and the rate at which this charge moves
through a circuit is the amperage.The volt or potential
difference generates the energy (joules)needed to move an
electric charge through the circuit.The amount of voltage
required to move X amount of current through a circuit will vary
with water temperature,water conductivity,and the circuit
resistance.The current types available as output are
alternating current (A.C.),direct current (D.C.)and pulsed A.C.
and D.C.The literature suggests that pulsed D.C.has the best
effective capture range with the least amount of physiological
-241-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
harm to the fish.Fish that enter a D.C.field exhibit forced
swimming towards the anode electrode.
3)A 20 foot riverboat with a 90 hp outboard will be used to
electrofish.A non-conductive safety railing will be attached to
the bow of the boat.Two electrode systems will be available and
selection will be predicated by the type of habitat being
studied.
A.Mobile electrode system (MES)-The MES utilizes the boat as
a cathode and a dipnet as the anode.This electrode system
will be used in shallow water or in areas of restricted
maneuverability.The disadvantage of the MES is the
relatively small area effectively shocked.
B.The stationary electrode system (SES)-The SES will have
two retractable booms which will allow the anode to be
extended 10 feet in front of the bow.The boat itself or
braided steel wire trailing from the stern will be the
cathode.The SES should be used in deeper waters and areas
of unrestri cted maneuverabi 1ity.The advantage wi 11 be an
increase in area that is effectively shocked.
Safety Precautions
These procedures must be adhered to for the safety of all operators of this
equipment.
1.A minimum of two persons is required to safely and efficiently
conduct electrofishing,provided the control box can be easily
monitored by the boat operator.For two man operations,the boat
operator should be capable of adjusting voltage and amperage,
activating the power switches on the control box,and shuting
down the generator without having to leave his station as
outboard operator.
-242-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
Should these conditions not be met,then a minimum crew would be
three.One person should monitor the control box at all times.
2.All personnel should be thoroughly familiar with the equipment
and its operation.Personnel should be briefed as to emergency
procedures should the situation arise.
3.All equipment,connections and wiring should be checked before
each day's operation.Particular attention should be payed to
the platform railing and safety foot switch.The railing should
be strong and secure enough to support a man I s weight.The
safety swi tch must be free of rust and corros i on.The metal
railing should be insulated with foam pipe insulation or plastic
electrical tape.Wiring should be left exposed to facilitate
inspection of the insulation.
4.Only dip nets with fully insulated handles will be used.
5.Personnel will wear only hip boots or chest waders that are com-
pletely leak proof.The platform surface should be of a non-skid
type.Rubber gloves are to be worn as an added safety measure.
6.All personnel will wear life jackets or other adequate floatation
devices.
7.Never start the generator until all connections for the
particular mode of operation are complete.While traveling
between points of operation,the electrodes should be
disconnected from the electrical source if the generator is to be
left running,i.e.,for night operations.
8.Never change the position of the boom or handle the electrodes
unless the leads are disconnected and all switches on the control
box are in the "off"position.
-243-
~--------._--
6/30/83 (Corrected)
9.When disconnections are made or lines left disconnected,all
switches on the control box should remain in the 1I 0 ff li position
to preclude any load on the wiring.
10.All personnel should be famil iar with first aid treatment for
shock victims and be trained in artificial respiration.At least
one member of the crew should have completed a recognized first
aid course.
11.The equipment shall not be operated in such a manner so as to
endanger the public.The current shall be turned off anytime the
public is in the immediate proximity of the aparatus,be it on
shore,in the water,or in a boat.
In an emergency,the electrical current into the water may be broken
in three ways:
1.By releasing the foot pedal switch which is located on the
platform and controlled by the dip net operator.
2.By turning off all switches on the control box.One man must be
operating the control box at all times.
3.By actuating the grounding switch effectively killing the
generator.If possible,switches should be located both on the
dipping platform and near the motor operator and wired so that
activation of either switch will kill the generator.
Should anyone fall overboard or receive an electrical shock,the unit will
be immediately shut off.Rescue the victim from the water or free him from
the electrical circuit as quickly as possible.Quick action will increase
the chance of resuscitation.Do not endanger yourself attempting to rescue
someone with the power on.
-244-
6/30/83 (Corrected)
If the victim is not breathing,begin artificial resuscitation at once.
Mouth-to-mouth is recommended.Continue resuscitation until you are
certai n breathi ng is restored.Frequently,after a temporary recovery,a
victim will stop breathing again.If natura.l breathing stops,resume
artificial resuscitation at once.
Physical shock is a serious complication that is likely to occur after
electrical shock.Shock can interfere with the normal action of the heart,
respiration and circulation,so every precaution should be taken to prevent
this condition from further weakening the victim.The victim should be
lying flat and it is most important that he be kept as warm as possible,
even during artificial resuscitation.
The following procedure is recommended in cases where it appears the
victim's heart has stopped:
1.Place the victim on his back.
2.Position yourself on your knees beside his chest.
3.Find the lower end of his breast bone.
4.Place the heel of your hand one inch above that end.
5.Place your other hand on top of the first hand.
6.Press down firmly with about sixty (60)pounds of weight.
7.Repeat every second until heart starts.
8.If necessary,apply mouth-to-mouth resuscitation as follows:one
resuscitator -15 compressions,two breaths or two resuscitators
-one breath every fifth compression.
-245-
-------------------_.,-,..-...._-_..
6/30/83 (Corrected)
Admittedly,the above first aid procedures are brief,but due to lack of
more competent means to deal with electrical accidents,this should serve
as a guide for emergency treatment until the patient can be taken to
medical facilities.
NOTE:A COpy OF THIS PROCEDURE MUST BE ON BOARD THE SHOCKING BOAT AT
ALL TIMES!!!!!
-246-