HomeMy WebLinkAboutAPA1698d1983 BROWSE PILOT STUDY
DRAFT REPORT
Ja nuary, 1 984
By
William D. Steigers, Jr.
and
Dot Helm
U niversity o f Alask ;::
Agncu ltural Expe nment Star1o n
Paimer Research Ce nt er
P. 0. Box A E
Pa lm er. A laska 9964 ~
Prepared for
Harza-Ebasco Susitna Joint Venture
ALASKA POWER AUTHORITY
SUSITNA HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT
ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES -SUBTASK 7.12
1983 BROWSE PILOT STUDY
DRAFT REPORT
JANUARY, 1984
By
William D. Steigers, Jr.
and
Dot Helm
University of Alaska
Agricultural Experiment Station
P.O. Box AE
Palmer, Alaska 99645
Prepared for
HARZA-EBASCO SUSITNA JOINT VENTURE
Alaska Resources
Librarv & Information
< '<
Anchorage.
Browse Pilot Study
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
LIST OF TABLES .....................................•.............. iii
LIST 0 F FIGuREs ..............•..••..•••.•..•........•.............. i X
1 -INTRODUCTION ....................••..••.......................... 1
1.1-Abridged Literature Review .••••••...•....••..•..•........• 1
2 -STUDY AREA •••••.•••••••.••••.••••••••••••••..•••.•••••.•.••.•..• 4
3 -r·1 ETHODS ••••••••.•••••.•••••••••••••••.•••..•.••••••.••••.••.•••• 5
3.1 -Field ..................................................... 5
3.1.1 -Stem Density ............................................ 6
3.1.2-Weight Per Individual •.••.•••••.....•........••....••..• ?
3.1.3-Clipped Plots .•.......•.•.•..•.••••.....••.•...•••.....• 8
3.2-Data Preparation and Analysis ••••.•...••.••....•••.•.••..• 9
3.2.1-Stem Density and Plot Size ••••.....•.•.....•••.....•...• 9
3.2.2-Weight Per Individual •.•.••.•••••....•••••..•••.....•.. 11
3.2.3-Clipped Plots ...•.•••..••.••.•.•••..••••.•.....•••.•... 11
4-RESULTS .....•..............•.....•.......•..................... 12
4.1-Stem Density and Plot Size ••••.••.••.•.....•.•.....••.... 12
4.1.1 -Allocation of the Density Sample •..••..•......•••...... 19
4.1.2-Another Approach for the Density Sample •...•....•.•.•.. 22
4.2-Weight Per Individual •••..•.•...•••.....•...•.......•.... 26
4.2.1-Discussion of Shrub Dimension Data ......••.......•....• 32
4.2.2-Weight Per Individual Times Stem Density ........•...... 33
4.3-Clipped Plots .....•.•...•••••.••.••..••.........•........ 35
4.3.1-Allocation of the Clipped Plot Sample .•............•... 38
4.3.2-Another Approach for the Clipped Plot Sample ...•.••.... 38
5-DISCUSSION OF DENSITY-WEIGHT PER INDIVIDUAL AND CLIPPED PLOTS .. 41
5.1 -Density-Weight Per Individual. ...•••.•..••....••........• 41
5.2 -Clipped Plots ............................................ 43
6 -RECOMMENDATIONS .•.•••••..••.••••••...••••••..••.••...•.•.•...•. 46
7 -LITERATURE CITED ................•..•.............•........•.... 49
TABLES ...................•.•..•....••...•..............•....... 52
FIGURES .....................•......•....•........•............. 94
i
Browse Pilot Study
(Table of contents continued.)
APPENDIX A.
Page
• • 98
APPEND IX B •.
APPENDIX C.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
APPENDIX D •.
.238
.245
APPENDIX E. ........•. 252
APPENDIX F .................................................. .
APPENDIX G ..................................................•
APPEt~DIX H ......................•............................
APPEND IX I •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
APPENDIX J .................................................. .
i i
. 256
. 283
. 308
• 331
• 338
Browse Pilot Study
LIST OF TABLES
Table Page
1. Level IV classification of 17 sites (3-19) sampled
for the Browse Pilot study during August 1983 in the
middle Susitna River Basin.
2. Average density of stems per 10 m2 for shrubs in
level IV vegetation types in the middle Susitna River
Basin. Stem density was calculated for 1-m 2 , 4-m 2 ,
and 10-m 2 plot sizes in 1983. Stem density from 4-m 2
plots sampled during 1982 (from Steigers et al. 1983)
were included for comparison.
3. Within-site variance of stem density estimates in 1-
2 2 2 m , 4-m , and 10-m plot sizes for shrubs in level IV
52
53
vegetation types in the middle Susitna River Basin. 54
4. Average time (seconds) to count stems in 1-m 2 , 4-m 2 ,
and 10-m 2 plot sizes for 6 level IV vegetation types
in the middle Susitna River Basin. Values for
individual species do not include time to move
between plots and no values include time to locate
and establish the transects. 55
5. Average time (minutes) to count stems for an
estimated adequate number of plots at each site in
1-m 2 , 4-m 2 , and 10-m 2 plot sizes for 6 level IV
vegetation types in the middle Susitna River Basin.
Values for individual species do not include time to
move between plots and no values include time to
locate and establish the transects.
iii
56
Browse Pilot Study
(List of tables continued.)
Table
6. Summary of average time in minutes required to sample
the density of shrub stems for an estimated adequate
number of plots at each site. Means are by species
Page
across all sites for each non-zero plot size. 57
7. Summary of results of analysis of variance for the
time required to sample the density of shrub stems
for an estimated adequate number of plots. Sites
were nested within vegetation types and plot sizes
were crossed with sites and vegetation types.
8. Campa rison of vegetation types between the pi 1 ot
study and McKendrick et al. (1982). Percentages of
total mapped area in the Watana and Devil Canyon
impoundments and construction zones from ~kKendrick
58
et al. (1982; 102, 106) are also given. 59
9. Average elapsed time/plot including move time in
seconds, and number of 4-m 2 plots/site, minutes/site,
and sites/level IV vegetation type required to sample
total stem density within 20% of the mean with 67%
confidence. Estimates are for selected shrub species
in 9 level IV vegetation types in the middle Susitna
River Basin. Betula glandulosa has been excluded.
Includes data modified from Steigers et al. (1983). 60
10. Comparison of vegetation types between the 1983 pilot
study and 1982 browse inventory (Steigers et al.
1983), and McKendrick et al. (1982). Percentages of
total mapped area in the Watana and Devil Canyon
impoundments and construction zones from McKendrick
et al. (1982; 102, 106) are also given. 62
iv
Browse Pilot Study
(List of tables continued.)
Table Page
11. 2 Percentage of cost to sample density in 4-m plots,
and allocation of 680 maximum sites among 8 level IV
vegetation types. Betula glandulosa has been
excluded. 63
12. Summary of plots of dry weight versus ocular estimate
by observer for each species.
13. Summary of plots of dry weight versus untransformed
shrub dimensions and ocular estimates by species for
4 major species.
14. Stepwise regression summaries by species for total
dry weight (leaves plus twigs) and dry twig weight
versus all shrub measurements including transfor-
mations and volumes.
15. Times to obtain measurements including clipping on
each individual of a species and the approximate
optimum ratio of estimated individuals to clipped
individuals based on ocular estimate as the only
64
67
69
measurement. All observers were combined. 74
16. Stepwise regression summaries by species for log (dry
weight) and log (dry twig weight) versus all shrub
measurements, untransformed or logarithmic transforms
only.
v
75
Browse Pilot Study
(List of tables continued.)
Table Page
17. Comparison of slopes of regression estimates by
observer and across a 11 observers for each species.
Results were obtained using analysis of covariance
with log (dry twig weight) as the dependent variable. 79
18. Results of analysis of covariance with log (dry twig
weight) as variable, observer as the groups, and
ocular estimate as the covariate.
19. Results of analysis of covariance with time to
estimate an individual as the dependent variable,
observer as the groups, and ocular estimate as the
covariate.
20. Summaries of dry weights per individual, densities,
and dry weight/area based on weight x density and
clipped plots for the woodland black-white spruce
80
81
vegetation type. 82
21. Summaries of dry weights per individual, densities
and dry weight/area based in weight x density and
clipped plots for the woodland black spruce
vegetation type. 83
22. Summaries of dry weights per individual, densities,
and dry weight/area based on weight x density and
clipped plots for the open mixed spruce-paper birch
vegetation type. 84
23. Summaries of dry weights per individual, densities,
and dry weight/area based on weight x density and
clipped plots for the open tall willow vegetation
type. 85
vi
Browse Pilot Study
(List of tables continued.)
Table Page
24. Summaries of dry weights per individual, densities
and dry weight/a rea based on weight x density and
clipped plots for the open low dwarf birch-willow
vegetation type.
25. Summaries of dry weights per individual, densities,
and dry weight/area based on weight x density and
clipped plots for the open low willow vegetation
86
type. 87
26. Average current annual growth twig and leaf biomass
in grams per 10 m2 for shrubs in 6 level IV
vegetation types. A 1-m 2 circular plot was used. 88
27. Elapsed time in seconds required for 2 persons to
clip current annual growth twigs and leaves from
shrub species in 1-m 2 plots, and then move to and
establish a subsequent plot. 89
28. Average time (minutes) to clip an estimated adequate
number of 1-m 2 plots at a site for 6 level IV
vegetation types. Plots were clipped by 2 persons.
Time required to clip each species was allocated
based on percentage of total dry weight clipped. 90
vii
Browse Pilot Study
(List of tables continued.)
Table Page
29. Approximate average elapsed time including move time
in seconds for 2 persons to clip current annual
growth twigs in 1-m 2 plots, and number of 1-m 2 and
0.5-m 2 plots/site, minutes/site, and number of
sites/level IV vegetation type required to sample
clipped plots within 20% of the mean with 67%
confidence. Estimates are for selected shrub species
in 9 level IV vegetation types in the middle Susitna
River Basin. Betula glandulosa has been excluded.
Includes data modified from Steigers et al. (1983). 91
30. Percentage of cost to clip plots, and allocation of
680 maximum sites among 8 level IV vegetation types.
Betula glandulosa has been excluded. 93
viii
Browse Pilot Study
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure Page
1. Location of middle Susitna River Basin study area in
southcentral Alaska. 94
2. Location of 17 sites sampled during the browse pilot
study in the middle Susitna River Basin.
ix
96
Browse Pi 1 ot Stildy l
l -INTf<ODUCTION
One means of assessing a potential impact of the proposed Susitna
Hydroelectric Project on wildlife is to inventory available winter
browse for moose (Alces alces gigas) in the vicinity of the impoundment
zones. A preliminary study was performed during 1983 to investigate
efficient methods of sampling browse in this area. The primary
objective of this study was to look at techniques while a secondary
objective was to look at sample allocation for sampling units among
sites, vegetation types, and geographical areas (impoundment versus
non-impoundment). Previous studies by Steigers et al. (1983) and the
Cooperative River Basin Study of the United States Forest Service and
the Soil Conservation Service could be used to provide additional
information on the sample allocation problem, although the latter data
is not included in this report. The geographical distribution is not
being addressed within this report. Two basic approaches were taken:
(1) density times weight per individual and (2) clipped plots. Plots
were assumed to be the best technique for sampling density of several
species as based on Oldemeyer and Regelin (1980).
1.1 -Abridged Literature Review
~1any studies have been performed to assess efficient methods of
sampling browse on other components of woody species. This literature
may represent a biased sample of all such studies because most
researchers report positive findings. Many dimension analysis studies
regress total weight or total current growth against shrub measurements,
rather than using twig weight as the dependent variable (as we need).
A few studies have investigated plot sizes for clipped plots.
Parker and Morton (1978) compared contiguous sub plots 2x1 m to evaluate
Browse Pilot Study 2
plots of size 2 to 10 2 m . They found 6 m2 was the best plot size but
this may need over 200 plots to adequately sample moose forage within
20% of the mean 95% of the time across all sites. Twig counts were used
for deciduous shrubs and height times basal diameter was used or balsam
fir. Log-log relations were used for twigs while untransformed data
were used for the balsam fir data (r2=0.93). Overall dimensions rather
than twig count method was used for ba 1 sam fir because of the number of
twigs to count.
Barrett and Guthrie (1969) counted browse tips and clipped browse
in 484 1-milacre plots in an area that large in a 40-to 60-year old
mixed oak-pine stand in Virginia. Browse was the current annual
terminal growth of all woody species from the ground to 5 ft. (1.5 m).
Optimum plot size increased with increased hypotheti ca 1 1 ocati on time
with a two-member crew with plots sizes 1, 2, 4, and 9 milacres. Simple
random sampling was superior to double sampling.
Bobek and Dzieciolowski (1972) (cited) studied browse by plot
harvest technique in several deciduous forest types. Plots of size
'I
21-m'-appeared most useful. The effect of site was demonstrated by
needing the following numbers for adequate sampling: 5 in plantations,
9 in thickets, 14 in timber stands, and 19 in pole-sized stands.
Shafer (1963) used the twig count method of measuring deer browse
while Telfer (1969) used twig weight-diameter relations to estimate
browse. Many other studies have used similar techniques, however Bobek
and Bergstrom (1978) found that this did not work well when browse was
dense as in thickets. Similarly Parker and Morton (1978) used twig
counts on deciduous shrubs but used dimension analysis on ba 1 sam fir
because of the number of twigs. Twig counts used by Steigers et al.
Browse Pilot Study 3
( 1983) in 1982 were time consuming and were not considered for this
study.
~1any studies have successfully used shrub dimensions to estimate
various components of shrub biomass, including browse. Bobek and
Bergstrom (1978) measured height and stem diameter at 5 to 10 em heights
above the ground for pine, spruce, and birch on a young forest
plantation in central Sweden. They obtained r 2 values in the range of
0.96 to 0.98. Parker and Morton (1978) used stem diameter times height
to obtain and r 2 of 0.93 relating oven dried twig weight to height times
diameter for balsam fir in northcentral Newfoundland. Whisenant and
Burzloff (1978) obtained r = 0.933 for green weight of mesquite versus
the stem area at 60 em above the ground. The weight of individual trees
v~as not correlated with the density. Ohmann et al. (1976) used stem
diameters as the best predictor of weight using both linear and
allometric forms of the equation. Their r 2 values were in the 0.11 to
0. 60 range. Actua 1 diameters produced better results than diameter
classes. Heights were only measured in 15-cm increments which may have
accounted for its poor showing.
Uresk et al. (1977) found volume and area best to predict live wood
weights of 20 big sagebrush plants (r 2=0.80). Peek (1970) used volume
and area as the best predictors also. Ludwig et al. (1975) used area
and volume to obtain large r 2 (0.99) values for 10 shrubs of each
species. Bentley et al. (1970) used crown volume classes to decompose
the variability and obtain r 2 values ranging from 0.93 to 0.96. Many of
these studies used logarithmic transformations to stabilize the
variances.
Browse Pilot Study 4
Chew and Chew (1965) selected shrubs that were symmetrically shaped
while Peek (1970) also commented on the advantages of a symmetrical
canopy. Other studies selected nonrandom shrubs across a range of size
classes. Observers may have had a conscious or unconscious tendency to
select well-formed individuals. This could result in the high
correlations found. Also, many researchers do not report low r 2 or all
the independent va riab 1 es they might have tried unsuccessfully. This
brief review is meant only to give a little perspective and not to be a
complete synthesis of the literature on browse sampling.
We would like to thank Dr. Wayne L. Regelin of the Alaska
Department of Fish and Game (ADF&G) for his input in determining the
objectives and methods of this pilot study, and for his assistance in
collecting field data. James G. ~1acCracken and Patrick V. ~1ayer
assisted in planning, collecting field data, and processing laboratory
samples. Suzanne Miller, ADF&G, provided statistical consultation.
Randal L. Fairbanks and Dr. Roseann Densmore assisted in the planning
and implementation of this study. Granville Couey organized logistical
support for field operations at Watana Base Camp. Niki T. Wood provided
clerical services for preparation of this manuscript.
2 -STUDY AREA
The middle Susitna River Basin in the northern Talkeetna Mountain~
was the study area for the 1983 study (Fig. 1). The browse pilot study
was conducted within this 46,644 km 2 area (Fig. 1). The middle Basin
was bounded on the west by Devil Canyon and on the east by the t1aclaren
River, and extended approximately 16 km on either side of the Susitna
River. Elevations ranged from about 333 m on the river at Devil Canyon
to 2085 m at the top of r~t. Watana. The river elevation rises to
approximately 800 m at the confluence with the ~1aclaren River.
Browse Pilot Study 5
Topography of the middle Basin has been strongly influenced by past
glacial action and associated creek and river erosion. Generally, the
middle Basin is a broad U-shaped valley with a relatively narrow
V-shaped valley occupied by the Susitna River. Upstream glaciers
probably previously extended into the area. Numerous creeks and rivers
drain into the Susitna River along its course in the middle Basin. The
channel slopes are extremely steep near Devil Canyon, rising
approximately 333 m vertically in about 1 km horizontal distance. The
benches above the river channel are approximately 666 -833 m in
elevation and make up a majority of the study area. At the eastern end
of the middle Basin, the river channel is relatively less steep and much
wider.
Various plant communities are found in the middle Basin study area.
McKendrick et a 1. (1982) mapped 16 vegetation types in the middle
Susitna River Basin at levels III or IV of Viereck and Dyrness (1980).
The plant communities are strongly influenced by site topography, soils,
and moisture regimes. The steep, well drained river channel slopes are
dominated by forest communities such as the mixed birch-spruce forest
and open coniferous forests on both sides of the river. The benches
above the river contain primarily shrub communites on the drier sites,
followed by white spruce (Picea glauca) forests on well-drained slopes,
and black spruce (Picea mariana) forests on the wetter sites. Alpine
vegetation tpes exist at the highest elevations.
3 -METHODS
3.1 -Field
General areas representative of the vegetation types to be sampled
were selected from aircraft over-flights and prior familarity of the
Browse Pilot Study 6
vegetation composition. Specific sites were selected based on
presence/absence of key plant species considered important as moose
browse. Six vegetation types visually classified to level IV of Viereck
et al. (1982) were sampled from August 10-22, 1983. The 6 types were
woodland black (Picea mariana)-white spruce (Picea glauca), woodland
black spruce, open mixed white spruce-paper birch (Betula papyrifera),
open tall willow, open low dwarf birch (Betula glandulosa) -willow
(Salix spp.), and open low willow. Seven shrub species were
investigated: Alnus sinuata (sitka alder), Betula glandulosa, B.
papyrifera, Salix alaxensis (felt leaf willow), ~· glauca (glaucous
willow),~-lanata (lanate willow), and~-pulchra (diamondleaf willow).
At each site, 2 parallel 50-m line transects were established from
a randomly chosen starting point. The transects were spaced
approximately 15m apart and were located within the homogeneous area.
3.1.1 -Stem Density
Ten plots of each of 3 circular plot sizes were sampled with 15
plots located along each transect. The 3 plot sizes used were 1m2
with 56 em radius, 4m 2 with 113 em radius, and 10m 2 with 178 em
radius. Plot sizes were randomly drawn from the pool of 30 total plots,
without replacement, and then randomly assigned to the 15 points along
each transect. Plots were spaced far enough apart to prevent overlap.
Circular plots were delineated by rotating a rope marked at the
appropriate radius around a metal rod inserted into the ground at each
point along the transect measured using a 50-m tape.
All stems of the selected shrub species rooted within the plot were
counted. Only stems that exceeded a height of 40 em were counted for
Betula glandulosa. A stem was defined as a lone branch protruding from
Browse Pilot Study 7
ground 1 eve 1 •
2 ,
A single observer counted stems in the 1-m and 4-m'""
plots while a second researcher recorded data. Both observers counted
stems in the 10-m 2 plot.
Stems of each shrub species in each plot were counted separately
and in the following sequential order: Betula glandulosa, Salix
pulchra, S. glauca, ~· lanata, ~· alaxensis, Alnus sinuata, and Betula
papyrifera. Beginning and ending time to search the plot and count the
stems of each species was recorded in the field whi 1 e elapsed times \'/ere
calculated later. The total time required to count stems for all
species was also calculated for each plot. The elapsed time required to
move to the next plot and set it up was calculated at 28 of 30 points;
move time was not recorded for the first plot of each transect. Density
of shrub stems was not counted at sites 1 and 2.
3.1.2 -Weight Per Individual
At 10 m intervals along each transect, the nearest stem of each
selected shrub species within approximately 5 m was selected for
measurement and harvest of current annual growth. For Betula
glandulosa, only stems that exceeded 40 em in maximum vertical height
were selected for measurement. Stems were measured for basal stem
diameter at ground level in millimeters, maximum vertical height in
centimeters, maximum depth of the leaf canopy along the longitudinal
axis of the stem in centimeters·, maximum horizontal length (labelled
"width" in Polycorder and printouts) of the leaf canopy in centimeters,
and maximum horizontal width (labelled "right angle" in Polycorder and
printouts) of the leaf canopy measured at right angle to the length in
centimeters.
Browse Pilot Study 8
Tota 1 weight of current annua 1 growth of twigs and leaves from
ground level to 250 em in height was ocularly estimated in grams, or to
the nearest tenth gram for small values. Current annual growth twigs
and leaves were then clipped and bagged together by height categories.
Each stem was divided into the following 3 vertical height categories:
ground level -40 em, 41 -80 em, and 81 -250 em. Plant material
exceeding 250 em in height was not measured. Total wet weights to the
nearest gram, or tenth gram for sma 11 va 1 ues, were obtai ned from each
bagged sample the same day and recorded. Bagged samples were partially
dried in the field to prevent spoilage and later oven dried at 60 C for
48 hours. Dried samples were separated in the laboratory into leaf and
twig components and then weighed to the nearest tenth gram.
Beginning and ending times in seconds were recorded for: measuring
basal diameter; measuring height, depth, length, and width of the leaf
canopy as a single time unit; ocularly estimating total current annual
growth; and clipping and bagging current annual growth twigs and leaves.
Elapsed time was then calculated for each of these categories and
movement to the next consecutive point along the transect and/or search
for another shrub.
Measurements for biomass at sites 1 and 2 were identical to those
at the remaining sites with the following exceptions: maximum height
was measured along the longitudinal axis of the stem rather than
vertically; ocular estimates of the current annual growth of twigs and
leaves were made for each height category; and twigs and leaves were
clipped for each height category and weighed separately in the field.
3.1.3 -Clipped Plots
Up to 10 1-m 2 circular plots spaced 10 m apart along a line transect
Browse Pilot Study 9
were clipped for current annual growth of twigs and leaves at each site.
These plots were located independently of any other plots. Current
annual growth of shrubs within the vertical projection of the plot
boundary was clipped by species from ground level -250 em and bagged.
Total wet weights to the nearest gram, or tenth gram where appropriate,
were obtained for each bagged sample. Bagged samples were partially
dried in the field to prevent spoilage, and later dried at 60 C for 48
hours. Dried samples were separated in the laboratory into leaf and
twig components and then weighed to the nearest tenth gram.
The total elapsed time to clip all species in each plot and the
time required to move to the next plot were recorded. No plots were
clipped at sites 1 and 2.
3.2 -Data Preparation and Analysis
3.2.1 -Stem Density and Plot Size
Fi 1 es containing density of stems by species and p 1 ot size were
first edited and concatenated for all sites. Raw time data were then
converted to elapsed time by subtracting the times recorded that
occurred prior to and after the stems were counted for each species.
The total time elapsed to count all stems from all species was computed,
as well as the time required to move between plots. These move times
were multiplied by a constant of 3 to simulate the time required to
sample 10 plots along 2 transects as if only a single plot size had been
used. Twenty-eight move times were recorded at each site; the first
plot established on each transect did not have an accompanying move
time. These computations were included with the original density values
in a reformatted file for use by programs from statistical packages.
This file was then checked for errors, negative times, and missing data
Browse Pilot Study 10
through several means; by program control that flagged negative times,
by reformatting the raw data into labelled output, and by hand.
Density of stems were analysed for mean, standard error, variance,
and estimated sample size to adequately sample within 20% of the mean
with 80% confidence. Density of stems for all 3 plot sizes were
converted to a 10-m 2 basis for purposes of comparison among plot sizes.
This area was selected to make the density values easier to discuss.
Statistics were calculated for individual shrub species and total stems
for all species in each plot with plots averaged for each site, and with
sites combined into level IV vegetation types (Viereck et al. 1982).
Time in seconds to count stems was analyzed for mean, standard
error, variance, and estimated sample size to adequately determine the
time within 20% of the mean with 80% confidence for each species, move
time, and all species combined including move time. Elapsed time to
search the plot for each species was averaged regardless of the presence
or absence of the species in a given plot. Sites were combined into
level IV vegetation types using a nested analysis of variance. These
mean squares can be used to calculate sample sizes although results may
be somewhat biased because sites were not randomly located.
Average time required to count the stems of each species was
multiplied by the estimated number of plots required to adequately
sample the density of stems at each site to derive an estimate of the
time that would be required to sample that many plots. This calculation
was also performed between total time and the estimated adequate sample
size for all species combined. Analysis of variance using a repeated
measures nested design across the 3 plot sizes was conducted to
determine if a statistical difference could be detected.
Browse Pilot Study 11
3.2.2 -Weight Per Individual
Raw field data from individual shrub measurements were first edited
and concatenated for all sites. Dry weights of field-collected plant
samples were obtained in the laboratory and entered into a data file.
Field wet weights of plant samples were edited and entered into a data
file. These 3 files were then reformatted and merged into a single file
which also contained elapsed times. The merged file was then checked
for errors and for unpaired wet and dry weight data under both program
control and by hand. Dependent variables of dry twig plus leaf weight
and dry twig weight were plotted against individual shrub dimensions and
ocular estimates. Appropriate transformations of data were performed in
cases where relationships were non-linear. Stepwise regression analysis
was used to determine which individual shrub measurements, singly and in
combination, were the best estimators of current annual growth. ~1ore
details on these methods are included in Results because of the stepwise
nature of the analysis.
3.2.3 -Clipped Plots
Dry weights of field-collected plant samples were obtained in the
laboratory and entered into a data file. Field wet weights of plant
samples were edited and entered into a data file. These 2 files were
reformatted and merged with the elapsed time to clip plots. Clipped
plot data were analysed for means, standard errors, variance, and the
estimated number of clipped plots required to adequately sample the
current annual growth within 20% of the mean with 80% confidence. All
biomass values were multiplied by a constant of 10 to produce biomass
estimates on a 10-m 2 basis. Total time to clip each plot and move time
between plots were also calculated. Total time was multiplied by the
Browse Pilot Study 12
estimated sample size calculated for total biomass of all species to
estimate the time required to adequately sample a site. Sites were
combined into level IV vegetation types using nested analysis of
variance. These mean squares can then be used to calculate estimated
average number of plots within sites and number of sites within
vegetation types. Arbitrary selection of sites, however, may limit the
usefulness of these estimates.
4 -RESULTS
Seventeen sites were sampled in the middle Susitna River Basin
during August 1983. The sites were visually classified and grouped into
level IV vegetation types described by Viereck et al. (1982) (Table 1).
The allocation of effort to each vegetation type, expressed by the
number of sites sampled, was based on both the extent of the area in
relation to the middle Basin as well as its importance to moose.
Importance to moose was assumed to be directly related to the abundance
of willows. The locations of the 17 sites are shown in Figure 2.
4.1 -Stem Density and Plot Size
2 2 The average number of stems counted for each species in 1-m , 4-m ,
and 10-m 2 plot sizes are shown in Appendix A. Stem densities were
averaged across all plots of each plot size within a site, and then
converted to a stems per 10-m 2 basis for comparison among p 1 ot sizes.
This area was selected to make discussion and comparisons of the 3 plot
sizes easier. 2 Standard errors (sx)' variances (s ), number of plots
(N), and estimated samples size (NHAT) are also shown for each species
(Appendix A). Sample sizes were calculated for estimates of the
required number of plots to sample density of stems within 20% of the
mean with 80% confidence. The average number of stems for all shrub
Browse Pilot Study 13
species combined in each plot was also calculated for each site and
vegetation type.
Stem densities were averaged across sites and combined into level
IV vegetation types for each plot size (Appendix A). In addition to the
same statistics calculated for individual sites~ within site (WITHIN)
and between site (BMS) variances were calculated. The number of sites
required to adequately sample the density for each shrub species and for
the sum of all stems was also calculated (BNHAT). Caution should be
used when interpreting these va 1 ues s i nee the nonrandom 1 oca t ion of
sites may affect these variances.
A summary of mean stem densities taken from level IV vegetation
types for the 3 plot sizes in Appendix A is shown in Table 2. With a
few exceptions~ stem density of dominant species numerically decreased
as the area of the plot increased~ although this was not tested
statistically. Lower stem densities in the 10-m 2 plot size may be due
in part to stems missed in counting. Care was necessary with the 10-m 2
plot size to insure that all stems were counted exactly once. Two
persons counting in the 10-m 2 plot size facilitated this effort. Low
density species (e.g. 1-5 stems/10 m2 ) occasionally had lower densities
in the smaller plot sizes. Examples of these were Betula glandulosa in
the open mixed spruce-paper birch vegetation type~ Salix pulchra in the
woodland black-white spruce type~ and Alnus sinuata in the open tall
willow type. Individual stems of the selected shrub species tended to
be clumped~ probably belonging to one parent root system. Sma 11 er plot
sizes such as the 1-m 2 plot can be expected to more frequently miss low
density species~ particularly if the actual scale of clumping of that
species is substantially larger than 1m2 • Higher variance can also be
Browse Pilot Study 14
expected under these circumstances (Table 3). Variance decreased with
increasing plot size in most cases. But for some low density species
variance did not follow a trend with respect to plot size.
Stem density estimates from data collected in 1982 by Steigers et
al. (1983) for comparably classified level IV vegetation types were
usually lower than estimates obtained from this study, particularly for
abundant species (Table 2). Stem density estimates for 1982 were
bt . d . 4 2 . 1 1 t o a 1 ne us 1 ng a -m c1 rcu a r p o • Density differences were probably
a result of selecting particular sites in 1983, rather than the random
site selection of 1982. Sites in 1982 were randomly selected from a
grid overlaying a vegetation map of the Susitna River Basin. Because
only certain vegetation types were to be sampled during 1983, sites were
selected for certain species composition in the specified vegetation
types. Density estimates were probably biased because of this
selection. Between-site variances were large because sites were only
classified to level IV of Viereck et al. (1982). These variances could
be reduced by further stratification based on slope, aspect, elevation,
or species composition (level V).
Appendix B summarizes the number of seconds to count and record the
number of stems of each shrub species, the time required to move to and
establish a subsequent plot, and the total time to count all stems and
move to a new plot in 1-m 2 , 4-m 2 , and 10-m 2 plot sizes. Elapsed time
was averaged across sites and combined into level IV vegetation types
for each plot size {Appendix B). Other statistics are also given, as
described for Appendix A.
A summary of mean times taken from the level IV vegetation types
for the 3 plot sizes in Appendix B is shown in Table 4. Time to count
Browse Pilot Study 15
stems increased with the size of the plot because more stems were
present. One person counted stems in the 1-m 2 and 4-m 2 plot sizes while
a second person recorded the data. However, 2 persons counted the stems
in the 10-m 2 plot size with one of those persons recording the data.
2 Elapsed time for one person to count stems in the 10-m plot could be
approximately doubled to account for the 2 observers. If 1 person had
both counted and recorded, there would be a slight (e.g. 10-20%)
increase in time spent recording the data from the 1-m 2 and 4-m 2 plot
sizes, but a 90-100% or greater increase in time spent searching the
plot and counting stems in the 10-m 2 plot size. A 100% or greater
increase in the 10-m 2 plot size may be expected where stem density is
high and tall vegetation growth can impede movements within the plot. It
was difficult to keep track of which stems had been counted in the 10-m 2
plot. Using 2 people makes movement easier, but it compounds the
problem of keeping track of which stems have been counted. Two persons
the 1-m 2 and would probably be most efficiently used when counting in
2 4-m plots if each counted separately. Two persons counting stems in
the 10-m 2 plot size would probably be the most efficient use of time,
although more errors may be introduced. For this study, however,
elapsed time rather than man-time was used for comparison among the 3
plot sizes. Two persons were always present during the density sampling
and both contributed to the extent needed to maximize the efficiency of
the team.
Average time in minutes required to count stems for an estimated
adequate number of plots in 1-m 2 , 4-m 2 , and 10-m 2 plot sizes was
estimated for each species sampled in the 6 level IV vegetation types
(Table 5). These estimates were calculated by multiplying the mean time
Browse Pilot Study 16
in seconds by the within-site estimated sample size, and then dividing
by 60 to obtain minutes. Within-site estimated sample size was obtained
by taking the sum of the number of sites included in the vegetation type
and WNHAT from Appendix A, and then dividing that by the number of
sites. No single plot size consistently required less time to sample-
the estimated adequate number of plots than the other two plot sizes
2 (Table 5). The 1-m plot size appears to require slightly less time to
sample Betula glandulosa in the woodland black-white spruce and woodland
black spruce vegetation types, and Salix pulchra in the woodland black
spruce and open tall willow vegetation types. The 4-m 2 plot size
appears more efficient for Betula glandulosa in the open mixed
spruce-paper birch type, and Salix pulchra and Salix glauca in the
woodland black-white spruce type. The 10-m 2 plot size may work well on
low growing Salix pulchra in the open low willow vegetation type (Table
5). vJhen the total time for all stems including move time was
calculated, however, the 4-m 2 or 10-m 2 plot sizes generally had lower
overall time requirements than the 1-m 2 plot size (Table 5).
Travel time may affect the relative efficiency of the different
size plots. It may require less time to count stems in the required
2 2 number of plots for a 1-m plot versus a 10-m plot, but because more
1-m 2 plots are needed, more time is spent moving between plots. This is
evident for the open 1 ow dwarf bi rch-wi 11 ow type where the 1-m 2 p 1 at
requires approximately the same or less time than the 10-m 2 plot for
most species (Table 5). It was only slightly higher in the one
exception. The times to count all species plus move between the plots
was almost twice as much for the 1-m 2 plot as for the 10-m 2 plot. These
numbers are not directly comparable, but they do represent the presented
argument.
Browse Pilot Study 17
When average time in minutes required to sample the density of
shrub stems for an estimated adequate number of plots at each site was
averaged across all 17 sites for each non-zero plot size, the 4-m 2 plot
size had the lowest average time for 5 of the 7 shrub species (Table 6).
The 1-m 2 plot size had the lowest required time for Salix pulchra and
Alnus sinuata while the 10-m 2 plot size had the lowest required time for
total elapsed time including move time (Table 6). This probably
2 resulted because fewer 10-m plots are required, hence fewer move times
are added.
To determine if the mean required sampling times were significantly
different among the 3 plot sizes, an analysis of variance was conducted
using a univariate repeated measures design (Hull and Nie 1981). In this
analysis, sites were nested within vegetation types and plot sizes were
crossed with sites and vegetation types. The model used was as follows:
yijk = u +Vi + S(i)j + pk + VPik + SP(i)jk
where V =Vegetation type (1 through.6)
S = Site (1 through 6)
P = Plot size (1 through 3).
Vegetation type (Vi) was tested with the site (S(i)j) error term while
plot size (Pk) and the interaction of plot size and vegetation type
(VPik) were tested with the site-plot size (SP(i)jk) interaction error
term. There was no true error term in this model because there was no
true replication.
Using this model, mean time to sample an estimated adequate number
of plots was significantly different among the 3 plot sizes for Salix
pulchra, Salix glauca, and Alnus sinuata (Table 7). Mean time for the
10-m 2 plot was numerically larger than for either the 1-m 2 or 4-m 2 plots
Browse Pilot Study 18
for these 3 species (Table 6), although this was not tested
statistically with a mean separation test. The vegetation type -plot
size interaction term was also significantly different for Salix glauca,
Salix alaxensis, and Alnus sinuata. The mean response of the 3 plot
sizes was different among the specific vegetation types. Mean times
among the 6 vegetation types were significantly different for Betula
glandulosa. This analysis supported the conclusion that the time
required to count stems for adequate sample sizes was different among
the 3 plot sizes. Statistical evaluation suggested that differences
exist for some species. Small sample sizes, and specific selection of
particular sites and vegetation types, limited the usefulness of the
statistics. Hence, evaluation of plot size based on experience with its
use in the field is necessary.
One person could efficiently count stems in the 4-m 2 or smaller
plot size. With a radius of 1.13 em, the 4-m 2 plot approaches the upper
1 imit of the abi 1 ity of a person to mentally keep track of stems
previously counted or those not yet counted. It was easier to use two
persons with the 10-m 2 plot but it would be difficult to insure that all
2 stems were counted exactly once with either 1 or 2 obeservers. The 1-m
2 and 4-m plots have small enough radii that an observer can see from the
center to the outer boundary without moving their feet. Peri meter
judgements were also more easily made by leaning to the end of the rope
rather than having to walk to the end of the rope as was the case for
2 2 2 the 10-m plot size. Both the 1-m and 4-m plot sizes were faster to
set up and use than the 10-m 2 plot size, particularly when maneuvering
the rope in tall vegetation such as Salix alaxensis, Alnus sinuata, and
Picea spp. The 10-m 2 plot size can be eliminated from further
consideration because of potential inaccuracies and difficulty of use.
Browse Pilot Study 19
The 4-m 2 plot size required the least time to adequately sample
plots at a site for more shrub species than the 1-m 2 plot size (Table
6) • 2 The 4-m plot size also had lower variance of stem density
estimates for most dominant species in the vegetation types sampled
(Table 3). 2 The 4-m plot was also consistent with density data
previously collected from the Susitna River Basin as well as data
collected from the nearby Alphabet Hills (Steigers et al. 1983) and
U.S.D.A. Institute of Northern Forestry ( INF) pre-and post-burn fire
inventories. Considering both statistical and practical evaluations of
the plot sizes under consideration in this study, we recommend the 4-m 2
plot size as the best of the 3 we tested to use for estimating stem
densities in the middle Susitna River Basin. Therefore, only data
collected using the 4-m 2 plot size were considered in all subsequent
analyses and discussion.
4.1.1 -Allocation of the Density Sample
Although sample sizes in this study were inadequate, we calculated
the approximate allocation of sampling effort in terms of relative
number of sites within the 6 vegetation types sampled. Using a
between-site variance calculated from this study and sample allocation
equations from Mendenhall et al. (1977; 64), we estimated the percentage
of total sites to sample in a vegetation type to minimize variance for a
given cost or to minimize cost for a given variance. For the optimum
allocation equation:
n. = (n)
1
N. s.
1 1
;c;
1
L N. s. ~ 1 1
~.rc:
i=l 1
Browse Pilot Study 20
where N;= size of the i-th vegetation type = percentage of hectares in
each level IV vegetation type in the Watana and Devil Canyon
impoundments and construction zones (McKendrick et al. 1982;
102, 106) from Table 8,
si= sample variance between sites within vegetation type i =
between mean squares from level IV density estimates for total
stems of all species combined (Appendix A), and
Ci= the cost at each site = total time per plot including move
time (Appendix B) multiplied by average number of plots needed
per site for adequate sampling (Appendix A).
Using the approximate allocation formula which minimizes the cost
for a fixed variance, 15% of the effort in terms of the percentage of
total sites sampled for density estimates among the 6 vegetation types
would be conducted in the woodland black-white spruce type. Similarly,
66% of the sites would be conducted in the woodland black spruce
vegetation type, 1% in the open mixed spruce-paper birch type, 0.03% in
the open ta 11 wi 11 ow type, and 18% in the open 1 ow dwarf bi rch-wi 11 ow
type. The open low willow vegetation type was not used in the equation
because there was only one site sampled and no between-site variance.
Similarly, other vegetation types which were not sampled did not appear
in the equation. This exercise was a method to allocate cost given
reasonable variance estimates. Validity of the between-site variances
computed for the data collected in this study should be weighed against
the limited number of sites sampled in each vegetation type.
Given the allocation of the percentage of total cost that should be
accomplished within each vegetation type, a maximum cost based on the
maximum amount of work that could feasibly be executed out of Watana
Browse Pilot Study 21
Base Camp could be estimated. Assuming the 7 week period from July
16-August 31, 1984 and a 5-day work week, 34 total work days would be
available. Further, assuming 10 2-person work crews that could complete
1 site per day (density plus clipping individual shrubs), up to 340
sites could be sampled for density of shrub stems during that time
period. Using the percentage of cost allocated to each vegetation type
and 340 sites as the maximum cost, density would be sampled at 51 sites
within the woodland black-white spruce vegetation type. Similarly, 222
sites would be sampled in the woodland black spruce type, 4 sites in the
open mixed spruce-paper birch type, a minimum of 2 sites in the open
tall willow type, and 61 sites in the open low dwarf birch-willow
vegetation type.
A number of problems are apparent with the use of the foregoing
allocation of cost estimates. As mentioned previously, not all
vegetation types considered important for supplying forage for moose are
represented in the analysis. A related problem is that for the
vegetation types that are included, the area of the middle Susitna River
Basin that is the basis for their size or importance (N.) in the
1
equation is the percentage of the Watana and Devil Canyon impoundments
and construction zones occupied by that type. Th i s d i s reg a rd s
vegetation adjacent to the impoundments that may be important to moose.
A more realistic approach may be to weight certain areas or certain
vegetation types based on their locale or vegetative composition. Areas
or vegetation types that are of greater importance to moose could be
weighted more heavily in the allocation of sites while their converses
could be weighted less heavily. Additionally, the fixed variance
estimate used in the optimum allocation equation was for total stems of
Browse Pilot Study 22
all species, including Betula glandulosa. If food habits studies
document that Betula glandulosa is not a significant food item in moose
diets, this species may not be sampled during the full-scale browse
inventory. If Betula glandulosa were excluded from the analysis, the
between mean squares (BMS) as well as the within site estimated adequate
sample size (WNHAT) would probably increase for the vegetation types in
which it occurred (Appendix A). Finally, the cost estimates ·from
Appendix B do not include travel time to a site and the time required to
set up each transect. Travel time is directly dependent on the location
of the site and, on an average, may be similar among most vegetation
types. Transect set-up time may be considered a constant among the
vegetation types for this exercise although in practice is probably
takes longer in the denser and taller vegetation with profuse
undergrowth.
4.1.2-Another Approach for the Density Sample
A more realistic approach to the problems of the preceding
allocation of density plots would be to consider other information that
would increase the usefulness of the estimates. One way would be to
remove Betula gl andul osa from consideration as an important forage item
for moose. Although moose food habits studies from the middle Susitna
River Basin have not yet documented the relative importance of Betula
glandulosa in moose diets, other studies such as those in Denali
National Park have suggested that this species is a minor component
relative to other shrub species (V. Van Ballenberghe, personal
communication). Steigers et al. (1983) reported low utilization of
Betula glandulosa twigs in 9 of 10 level IV vegetation types in the
middle Susitna River Basin. Based on the results of those studies, the
Browse Pilot Study 23
anticipated results of the moose food habits study, as well as personal
observation of the utilization of Betula glandulosa relative to other
shrub species, B. glandulosa will probably not be sampled in the
full-scale browse inventory. Thus it will be deleted from consideration
in this section for stem density estimates as well as for the elapsed
time to sample density plots.
Another method to provide a more realistic sample size estimate
would be to increase the confidence interval around the mean by
decreasing the confidence level from 80% to 67%. For these type of
studies, being correct 2 out of 3 times is not unrealistic considering
the level of sampling effort, the inherent variation in the variables we
have sampled, and the level at which sites were grouped into vegetation
types.
The results of deleting Betula glandulosa from the pilot study 4-m 2
density and elapsed time analysis and using 67% confidence for both are
shown for level IV vegetation types in Appendices C and D, respectively.
The number of plots required per site and the number of sites required
per vegetation type to adequately sample increased substantially for
total stems of all species in most types over those shown in Appendix A.
This occurred in spite of the decrease in level of confidence from 80%
to 67% in vegetation types where Betula glandulosa was a major component
of the sampled species composition. As expected, however, these
estimates more closely approximated the variability associated with
sampling density of the rarer species such as the Salix spp. and Betula
papyri fera. Average elapsed time to count a 11 stems and move to the
subsequent plot decreased by the number of seconds required to count
Betula glandulosa stems (Appendix D).
Browse Pilot Study 24
Allocation of sites to the 5 vegetation types for this pilot study
(open low willow type dropped out because there was only 1 site) could
be expanded by utilizing modified stem density information from studies
conducted in 1982 by Steigers et al. (1983). Although sampling times
are not available for the vegetation types sampled in that study, total
times to count stems in 4-m 2 plots were probably close to the times
required for vegetation types with similar species composition and stem
densities sampled in this pilot study. Average stem density for the
shrub species sampled in this study, exclusive of Betula glandulosa, for
3 level IV vegetation types not sampled during this pilot study but
sampled in 1982 are shown in Appendix E. The vegetation types sampled
for density in 1982 using 4-m 2 plots were the open white spruce, open
black spruce, and open low dwarf birch types.
A summary from Appendices C, 0, and E of number of sites sampled,
elapsed time per plot including move time, and number of 4-m 2 plots per
site, minutes required to sample a site, and number of sites per level
IV vegetation type required to sample total stem density within 20% of
the mean with 67% confidence is shown in Table 9. Information from both
this pilot study and data modified from Steigers et al. (1983) are given
in Table 9. Time to count stems, exclusive of Betula glandulosa, and
move to the subsequent plot for the 3 vegetation types sampled during
1982 was estimated from pilot study vegetation types similar in species
composition and density.
A modification of Table 8 to reflect the 3 additional vegetation
types is shown in Table 10. The Watana and Devil Canyon impoundments
and construction zones were retained in Table 10 rather than expanding
the area because these zones will receive maximum impact from
Browse Pilot Study 25
installation of the dams. Additionally, the area estimates for these
zones were taken from 1:24,000 scale vegetation maps which are the
largest scale and most precise vegetation maps currently available for
the area.
The use of estimated sample sizes for total stem density rather
than sample sizes estimated for individual species may be justified by
assuming that, with the exclusion of Betula glandulosa and possible
exception of Alnus sinuata, the remaining shrubs we sampled are equally
utilized for forage by moose. With few exceptions, every dominant
species of Salix is browsed by moose in the middle Susitna River Basin.
Steigers et al. (1983; 192) reported up to 33% utilization of available
twigs on Alnus sinuata in the study area. Although browsing pressure is
localized and a function of the availability of other plant species, we
will assume here that total stem density can be used because browsing
pressure is relatively constant across all remaining shrub species that
we sampled.
Optimum all oca ti on of the cost for samp 1 i ng density of the 8
vegetation types given in Table 9 can now be undertaken. Using
between-site variances from Appendices C and E, the percentage of cost
in terms of effort expended to sample density in the 4-m 2 plots is shown
in Table 11. Seventy-three percent of the total effort would be
expended in the 3 vegetation types included from Steigers et al. (1983)
(Table 11). Using this formula for allocation of effort based on
variances calculated from available data, 79% of the total effort would
be concentrated in spruce forests and approximately 21% in the shrub
types. The open low willow vegetation type was not included in this
allocation.
Browse Pilot Study 26
Based on time required to sample an estimated adequate number of
plots per site within 20% of the mean with 67% confidence for the 8
vegetation types for which data is available, density estimates could be
conducted by 1 person within 2 hours (Table 9). If we assume that
individual shrubs would also be clipped at each site, 2-person crews
I
were working at each site, crews could be moved by helicopter or walk to
a second site at least once each day, 10 2-person crews worked 5 days
per week, and 34 work days were available, then up to 680 sites could be
sampled. Narrowing the confidence limit around the mean would decrease
the number of sites that could be accomplished if the number of required
plots/site increased over that which could be accomplished in ~ day.
The time to clip individual shrubs needs to also be considered in the
time estimate to accomplish all phases of the work required at each
site. Table 11 shows the allocation of the 680 sites to the 8
vegetation types for which data is available in the middle Susitna River
Basin. A minimum of 2 sites are required in each vegetation type
considered important to moose.
4.2 -Weight Per Individual
The primary statistical analysis for the weight per individual
involved stepwise regression analysis relating dry current growth twig
weight or dry twig plus leaf weight to various independent variables.
Potential dependent variables included wet weights for twigs and leaves
combined for each height category or dry weights for twigs and leaves
separately for each height category or combinations. Dry weights were
selected to eliminate the effects of variable moisture. Twig weights
were emphasized rather than total or leaf weights, since winter browse
was the primary area of concern although total dry weights were used in
Browse Pilot Study 27
some analyses. Height categories were not considered in the analysis in
order to reduce the number of computer runs needed.
Height categories were also ignored in the initial analysis because
of assumptions made in the field. Initial ocular estimates were made
according to twigs and leaves separately for each height category, and
each component was bagged that way in the field. This was extremely
time consuming and tedious (particularly in the rain). In the interest
of obtaining data on a number of shrubs in a number of sites, we decided
to estimate total weight, clip, and bag by height category, and separate
twigs and leaves after they were dried. We assumed that a percentage of
the total weight could be assigned to each component. Initial
regression analyses indicated very different results for total dry
weight and dry twig weight. Hence, our assumption of constant
proportions appeared to be false. This could be further analyzed using
the initial data where components were individually estimated and
sampled. However, this has not been done yet because of the overall
poor results of the double sampling.
Dry weight versus ocular estimate was plotted for each observer for
each species (Appendix F). There was no indication of curvature in
almost all of the plots so untransformed estimates were used in future
analyses. Slopes and intercepts of least-squares-estimates lines
appeared different for different observers. However, many times the
slopes appeared similar (Table 12). To simplify initial regression
analysis, runs were made without distinguishing observers for the ocular
estimate. A later section will deal with a more detailed analysis of
this.
Browse Pilot Study 28
Raw independent variables included basal diameter, height of plant,
crown depth, width, right angle, and ocular estimate of total current
growth. Dry weight was plotted against each independent variable for
the four major species (Betula glandulosa, Salix pulchra, ~-glauca, and
S. lanata) to determine what mathematical transformations might be
appropriate, if any {Appendix G). Most plots appeared relatively linear
with only slight curvature. Basal diameter, width, and right angle
measurements showed some tendencies toward curvature but it was not
consistent with all species (Table 13). One objective that we were
trying to accomplish was to use the same techniques regardless of
species so there would be consistency of measurements for the full-scale
inventory.
The original crown dimensions were transformed into simple crown
area and crown volume estimates by multiplying width by right angle and
this area by height or depth. Stepwise regression analyses were
performed for dry twig weight of each species using the original and
transformed variables. Ocular estimates were used without regard to
observer for these initial runs. Results are summarized in Table 14.
Later runs included dummy variables to account for intercept differences
among observers, but results were not greatly improved.
Ocular estimates consistently gave the best results or were a close
runner-up with few exceptions particularly for the more common species
(Table 14). This appears to be the one best measurement to take that is
useful for all species. Results for Betula glandulosa and Salix pulchra
were not very good for any variables (Table 14). These species are
probably the most abundant and the most time consuming to clip. In
other words, where double sampling could be the most benefit it does not
Browse Pilot Study 29
seem to help that much as is evidenced by the clipped to estimated
ratios (Table 15). Note that these times are field times only and do
not include laboratory or data analysis time.
Residuals were plotted against the predicted values for each
species. All plots indicated increasing variance of the residuals with
increasing predicted values. This violated the assumption of
homogeneity of variances and suggested the usage of 1 oga rithmi c
transforms or weighted regression analysis (Draper and Smith 1966). The
logarithm of dry weight and dry twig weight were used as dependent
variables while the original shrub measurements and their logarithmic
transformations were used as independent variables in a stepwise
regression analysis. Results are summarized in Table 16. The residual
plots appeared random but the correlations were smaller than in the
original model in most cases. This transformation of the dependent
variable (dry weight, dry twig weight) introduced a bias when converting
data back to the untransformed data space. This could be corrected
using the formula in Baskerville (1972) and others. However, it was
never calculated because of the low r 2 • The transformed equations would
have been selected for final analysis since they did not violate the
assumption of homogeneity of variances even though the model did not
appear to be greatly improved. This was at the suggestion of a
biometrician (Suzanne Miller, ADF&G).
Regressions using the logarithmic transform were analyzed and were
summarized in Table 16. The plots of residuals for all species appeared
relatively random; however, the correlations and standard error of
estimates were generally not improved with the logarithmic
transformation. Betula glandulosa correlations for dry twigs dropped
Browse Pilot Study 30
from 0.48 to 0.11, Salix pulchra went from 0.69 to 0.20, ~· glauca
stayed about the same, ~· lanata went from 0.89 to 0.72, Alnus sinuata
went from 0.70 to 0.51, and S. ~uca, Betula papyrifera, and S.
alaxensis remained about the same. Ocular estimate, basal diameter, and
depth appeared to be the best variables.
Differences among observers for ocular estimates were further
analyzed using covariance analysis for each species separately since the
ocular estimate appeared to be the best single variable. The dependent
variable was log (dry twig weight}, covariate was ocular estimate of
current fresh weight, and groups were observers. Table 17 summarizes
the slopes by observer and for a 11 observers for each species whi 1 e
Table 18 summarizes the degrees of freedom and probability levels for
testing the hypotheses of equality of adjusted means, significance of
covariate (zero slope}, and equality of slopes between groups.
Slopes of the covariate were significantly different for observers
for Betula glandulosa, Salix alaxensis, and Betula papyrifera (Table
17). The relatively small sample sizes for the last two species should
be noted. The slopes for Salix glauca showed a tendency toward
inequality while those for S. pulchra and~· lanata appeared to be not
significantly different. Comparison of the actual calculated slopes,
however, indicated that the slopes were numerically different. Hence,
regression estimates would be improved by taking the observers into
account. The dummy variable analysis that was actually performed
accounted only for different intercepts, not different slopes, into
account for observers. This could by why the addition of dummy
variables for observers did not improve results, especially since the
intercept should have an expected value of zero.
Browse Pilot Study 31
The negative slopes for two observers for Betula glandulosa were
interesting and might be an artifact of the ocular estimates being made
for total leaves and twigs, rather than just dry twigs (dependent
variable). The negative slopes also occurred with untransformed data.
This might also account for some of the poor correlations. No good
explanation has surfaced yet.
Analysis of covariance results indicated that the dry twig weight
clipped generally did not vary among observers except for Salix
alaxensis and some tendency for~· lanata and S. glauca (Table 18). The
covariate of ocular estimate (slope not equal to 0) was very significant
in almost all cases while the differences in slopes were significant
about half the time. Since inequality of slopes (regression coefficient
of ocular estimate for each observer) violated an assumption this
actually invalidated the other conclusions of the covariance analysis.
An interesting sidelight of this analysis developed when the "time
to ocularly estimate the total fresh weight 11 rather than 11 dry twig
weight 11 was used as the dependent variable for the covariate analysis.
This assessed whether observers differed in their estimation times and
whether the size of the ocular estimate affected the time. A glance at
the results indicated that sometimes observers were significantly
different in their estimation times, regardless of the size of the
estimate (Table 19). At other times observers were not different, but
the size of the estimate was significant in affecting estimation time.
Sometimes site differences were confounded with the observer for less
common species such as Salix alaxensis. The slopes of the regressions
were generally stati sti ca lly constant with respect to observers. This
analysis was not critical to the computation of biomass; however, when
Browse Pilot Study 32
expanded to other measurements besides the ocular estimates, it might
indicate some human engineering factors that should be included in
training sessions.
4.2.1 -Discussion of Shrub Dimension Data
Overall the results of the double sampling aspects of the study
were not as good as one might hope in order to save field time in a
future full-scale inventory. Correlations of inexpensive measurements
with expensive weights were lowest where costs were highest. Two people
in the USFS who have done similar studies were contacted to see if they
had any success in double sampling Alaskan shrubs. One reported
negligible success in predicting current growth for several shrub
species while the other reported excellent success for the one species,
Salix barclayi, that he measured. The second researcher observed that
the shrubs he used had a consistent growth form and were generally
unbrowsed. He suspected that browsing would alter the growth form and
would make prediction equations less precise and less accurate. Most of
our shrubs were browsed. Perhaps better fit could be obtained by using
shrub characteristics such as degree of browsing or size class or
environmental factors such as slope, aspect, or surrounding shrub
density as grouping factors.
Each shrub species had its own structural characteristics which
affected clipping. Betula glandulosa usually had many short, thin
current growth twigs which were tedious to clip. The leaves were
attached to small, stiff protrusions that made stripping leaves from
tv1igs difficult. Many branches existed because the shrub is strongly
branching. Salix pulchra was similar in having many short twigs but the
leaves were easier to strip. These characteristics made those two
Browse Pilot Study 33
species time consuming to clip. Salix glauca and S. lanata were similar
in having more robust current growth that was easier to clip and strip
leaves from twigs. Larger leaves and twigs may have made estimation
easier. Salix alaxensis was the most robust of all the willow species
with current twigs reaching lengths of over 1 m. Hand clippers could be
used efficiently to cut these twigs. For the amount of material on an
individual, it was probably the fastest to clip. Alnus sinuata and
Betula papyrifera had more widely scattered twigs and leaves than the
other species. Betula papyrifera was frequently hedged. These growth
factors may have affected the prediction equations and efficiencies.
4.2.2 -Weight Per Individual Times Stem Density
Means of dry weight per individual and dry twig weight per
individual were calculated for each species on a vegetation type basis
(Tables 20-25). Means and crude variances for the weight per area were
calculated by multiplying the average weight per individual of a species
in a site by the average density (4-m 2 plots) per site and grouping
sites by vegetation types. These calculations were crude at best
because within-site variances were not taken into account. The variance
of the product was obtained by treating the product of weight per
individual and density for a site as actual measurements (no variance)
as opposed to considering their variance within a site and their
covariance. The variance could only be reported where the species was
sampled in more than one site per vegetation type. Data from clipped
plots are also considered here for comparison, but these data are also
very limited by sample size. Hence, comparisons of weight per area are
crude. Sometimes means and/or variances were reported for the product
but not for clipped plot (Tables 20-25). This occurred because the
Browse Pilot Study 34
species might have occurred in clipped plots but individuals were not
clipped or vice-versa.
No statistical analyses were used to test differences between the
product and the clipped plot weights, so all comparisons are based on
numerical and not statistical differences. Clipped plots for Salix
pulchra in the woodland black-white spruce type contained an average of
1 g dry twigs/10 m2 while weight times density indicated 31 g/10 m2
(Table 20). The estimates for Salix glauca were close, however.
The two techniques produced similar values for Salix pulchra in the
woodland black spruce type although the clipped plot variance was much
larger (Table 21). Salix lanata dry twig weights were much smaller for
the clipped plots than for the weight times density technique. Alnus
sinuata had larger dry twig weights (5 g) in the clipped plots than in
the weight times density for open mixed spruce-paper birch type (Table
22).
The clipped plot technique resulted in larger weight estimates for
Alnus sinuata, Betula papyrifera, and Salix alaxensis in the open tall
willow vegetation type, although the latter values were comparables
(Table 23). Values for Salix pulchra were smaller. Variances for
clipped plots were generally much larger; however, the limitations of
the input data may account for a large proportion of the differences.
Clipped plots resulted in larger weight estimates for Salix pulchra
and Betula papYrifera in the open low dwarf birch-willow vegetation type
while values were smaller for Salix glauca and i· lanata (Table 24).
Variances varied: Salix pulchra had larger values for clipped plot, S.
glauca variances were about the same, and S. lanata had larger variances
for weight times density.
Browse Pilot Study 35
Because of the extremely small sample size (n=19) for the weight
times density method and the crude variance calculations, it was not
considered reasonable to carry the analysis beyond this point at this
time. This study and ensuing discussions with statisticians have
revealed many problems with techniques for using a product of 2 random
variables with proper sampling designs as well as with later
calculations. Considering the small sample sizes in this study, perhaps
a future analysis could be performed without regard to vegetation type
(although it would still be very limited). Each species at each site
would then be represented by a density, twig weight per individual, and
clipped plot parameter. Overall means and variances could be calculated
and compared.
4.3 -Clipped Plots
Current annual growth twig and leaf biomass for shrubs in clipped
plots is shown by site and level IV vegetation types in Appendix H.
~1eans are shown on a grams per 10 rn 2 basis for comparison with
density/clipped individual estimates. Other statistics are also given,
as described for Appendix A. A summary of clipped biomass for level IV
vegetation types in Appendix H is shown in Table 26. Betula glandulosa
was a dominant component of clipped twig and leaf biomass in the
woodland black-white spruce, woodland black spruce, and open low dwarf
birch-willow vegetation types. Approximately one third of the total
twig and leaf biomass in the open low dwarf birch-willow type was Salix
pulchra, whereas 100% of the biomass occurring in the open low willow
type was S. pulchra. Approximately 83% and 15% of the twig biomass and
79% and 18% of the leaf biomass was Salix alaxensis and Alnus sinuata,
respectively, in the open tall willow vegetation type (Table 26). The
Browse Pilot Study 36
open tall willow and open· low willow vegetation types had the greatest
total twig and leaf biomass of the 6 types sampled, whereas the open
mixed spruce-paper birch had the least (Table 26).
The open low willow vegetation type required the longest average
time to clip 1-m 2 plots (Table 27). This was partially due to the dense
growth of Salix pulchra (Table 26) at the single site in this vegetation
type (Table 1). However, this site (3) was also the first site sampled;
thus, some time for organization and discussion of techniques was
undoubtedly hidden within the clip time for the 6 plots conducted there.
Plots in the open low dwarf birch-willow vegetation type required about
7-8 minutes longer to clip than plots in either of the spruce-dominated
types (Table 27). This was probably partly because of the dominance of
both Betula glandulosa and Salix pulchra in the open low dwarf
birch-willow vegetation type and also because this type had an average
current growth approximately twice as great as either of the spruce
types (Table 27). Although the open tall willow type had the greatest
average twig and leaf biomass, only one vegetation type had a lower
average time to clip (Table 27). Salix alaxensis and Alnus sinuata,
both predominant within the 2 sites sampled in the open tall willow
type, were substantially easier to handle and less time consuming to
clip than other shrubs because of their robust growth of new leaders.
The open mixed spruce-paper birch vegetation type required the
least time to clip plots (Table 27). The average time to clip 10 plots
at site 16 was 117 seconds, but was 0 seconds at site 17. Few of the
shrubs we sampled were found in this vegetation type, and then they only
occurred in low density (Table 2). ~1any of the clipped plots in this
type were devoid of the shrub species we sampled.
Browse Pilot Study 37
The time required to move 10 m to the subsequent plot, establish it,
and prepare to clip it ranged from 2-2.4 minutes at 4 of the vegetation
types (Table 27). Move time averaged 1.5 minutes at the 4 sites in the
woodland black spruce vegetation type. Only 54 seconds was required in
the open mixed spruce-paper birch type (Table 27). A move time of about
2 minutes could be used as a general average for all vegetation types if
clipped plots were spaced 10m apart.
Average time in minutes required to clip an estimated adequate
number of plots was estimated for each species sampled in the 6 level IV
vegetation types (Table 28). Calculations were performed as described
for Table 5. All estimated times for individual species in Table 28 are
rough approximations because only the total elapsed time to clip the
vegetation in each plot was recorded. The time required to clip twigs
and leaves of each species was allocated based on the percentage of
total dry weight clipped. Although this is a rather crude approach, it
is probably a fairly accurate approximation for most species except
Salix alaxensis and Alnus sinuata in the open tall willow vegetation
type. Both of these shrubs growing in this type produced robust leaders
that were relatively easily handled and quickly clipped. The allocation
of time to clip these 2 species might have been too high had other
species that were more time-consuming to clip (e.g. Betula glandulosa
and Salix pulchra) made up a substantial proportion of the total biomass
(Table 26). However, the only other species clipped within the open
tall willow type were minor components of the total biomass (Table 26).
Betula glandulosa was the most tedious shrub to clip and required the
most time input per unit weight of biomass collected. Thus the time
required to clip Betula glandulosa is probably underestimated relative
to its percentage of the total biomass clipped.
Browse Pilot Study 38
4.3.1 -Allocation of the Clipped Plot Sample
The approximate allocation of sampling effort in terms of number of
sites within the 6 vegetation types sampled could be calculated even
though the sample size was very inadequate. Using a between-site
variance calculated from this study and Mendenhall et al.•s (1977; 64)
sample allocation equation described previously, minimum cost estimates
were calculated in terms of a percentage of a maximum number of sites
could be allocated to each vegetation type. Using this formula which
minimizes cost for a fixed variance, 24% of the effort in terms of the
percentage of total sites sampled for clipped plots among the 6
vegetation types sampled would be conducted in the woodland black-white
spruce type. Similarly, 56% of the sites would be conducted in the
woodland black spruce vegetation type, 8% in the open mixed spruce-paper
birch type, 2% in the open tall willow type, and 10% in the open low
dwarf birch-willow type.
As previously discussed, the open low willow vegetation type
dropped from the equation because there was only a single site. Again
assuming a maximum of 340 sites as described for the 4-m 2 density plots,
82 sites would be sampled using clipped plots within the woodland
black-white spruce vegetation type. Up to 190 sites would be sampled in
the woodland black spruce type, 27 sites in the open mixed spruce-paper
birch type, 7 sites in the open tall willow type, and 34 sites in the
open low dwarf birch-willow type.
4.3.2 -Another Approach for the Clipped Plot Sample
Discussions with project personnel subsequent to collection of
pilot study data have revealed the priority of information on winter
forage for moose. In this pilot study both twig and leaf current annual
Browse Pilot Study 39
growth was clipped. Leaf current annual growth was clipped to determine
summer biomass. The time required to clip 1-m 2 plots could be
substantially reduced if leaves were not taken. The elimination of
Betula glandulosa as a viable source of forage for moose would also
substantially reduce clipping time, especially in vegetation types
dominated by this shrub species (e.g. open low dwarf birch type). As
previously discussed for the density plots, increasing the confidence
interval around the mean by decreasing the level from 80% to 67% may
give more realistic sample size estimates.
The results of deleting Betula glandulosa and the leaf current
growth of all shrubs from the clipped plot analysis, and using 67%
confidence, are shown for level IV vegetation types in Appendix I. The
number of clipped plots required per site to adequately sample total
twigs of all species increased for all vegetation types, except the open
tall willow type, over those shown in Appendix H. The number of plots
required to adequately sample sites in the open tall willow vegetation
type decreased from 14 to 10 (Appendices H and I). The response to
these changes of the number of sites per vegetation type required to
adequately sample was variable. The number of sites decreased for 3
types and increased for 2 types (Appendices Hand I).
Data collected from 0.5-m 2 clipped plots collected by Steigers et
al. (1983) in the middle Susitna River Basin was modified to reflect
total twig current annual growth of the shrubs sampled in this pilot
study (Appendix J). The same 3 vegetation types included in the density
analysis, and summarized in Table 10, were used here for expanding the
number of sampled vegetation types. For this analysis, the 0.5-m 2 and
1-m 2 clipped plots from the two years data were not differentiated.
Browse Pilot Study 40
Elapsed time to clip twigs of all species, except Betula
glandulosa, was calculated as a percent of total time to clip twigs and
leaves (Table 29). A minimum of 30 seconds to clip a plot was
established. Elapsed time to clip plots includes move time (Table 29).
A summary of Appendices I and J showing plots per site and sites per
vegetation type required to sample twig current annual growth within 20%
of the mean with 67% confidence is depicted in Table 29. Time required
to samp 1 e an adequate number of c 1 i pped p 1 ots ranged from 22 to 169
minutes among the 9 vegetation types sampled. Sites in 6 vegetation
types could be sampled within approximately 1 hour (Table 29). The
average time across the 8 vegetation types was 71 minutes. In
actuality, it would probably take at least~ day to sample a site
including travel and set-up time.
Optimum allocation of the cost to clip plots in the 8 vegetation
types given in Table 29 can now be undertaken. Using between site
variances from Appendices H and J, the percentage of cost in terms of
effort expended to sample clipped plots is shown in Table 30. Using
these variances and excluding Betula glandulosa, 70% of the total effort
would be expended in the spruce-dominated forests. Approximately 29% of
the effort would be concentrated in the shrub types (Table 30).
Assuming 680 sites were the maximum that could be sampled for
clipped plots, as described for 4-m 2 density plots, approximately 90% of
the sites would be allocated to the open white spruce, open black
spruce, and open low dwarf birch types (Table 30). These 3 vegetation
types were sampled using random placement of sites by Steigers et al.
{1983). A combination of between site variation and the planar area
dominance of these 3 vegetation types among the types sampled resulted
in the allocation of effort shown in Table 30.
Browse Pilot Study 41
5 -DISCUSSION OF DENSITY-WEIGHT PER INDIVIDUAL AND CLIPPED PLOTS
5.1 -Density-Weight Per Individual
2 The 4-m plot was selected as the overall most efficient size to
use for sampling density of the selected shrubs in the middle Susitna
R i v e r Bas i n • It was chosen considering both the statistical and
practical implications of the 3 plot sizes investigated, as well as its
consistency with previous and related studies. Average time required to
count stems in the 4-m 2 plot could be substantially reduced if Betula
glandulosa stems were not counted where it occurs as a dominant species.
One observer can efficiently both count stems and record the information
while using the 4-m 2 plot.
A number of problems exist with using density estimates for the
intended purpose of combining them with weight per individual to produce
weight per area. Stems in a 4-m 2 plot cannot efficiently be counted by
height category. Some knowledge of the heights of species in the
density plots is required unless it is assumed that the average
distribution of heights within density plots is the same as the
distribution of heights of individuals selected to be clipped. The
number of shrubs of each species required to adequately sample total
twig biomass would probably be greatly increased if the variability
associated with clipping by height category were introduced. The
results of this pilot study have shown that maximum height of a clipped
individual is poorly related to total current annual growth dry weight
of twigs, and even more poorly related to twig dry weight of the 3
height categories we used. Average height of each species within the
density plot is a gross measure and is probably no better related to
twig biomass than maximum height. Crown shapes of the shrubs of
Browse Pilot Study 42
interest in the middle Susitna River Basin have been altered, severely
in many cases, by browsing. Plant heights result from the degree of
browsing, growth during the summer, and to summer browsing of terminal
twigs. Because of site variation, it is necessary to sample weights of
individuals in the same area (site) as the density estimates were taken.
Within-site variances will not be available if they are not sampled at
the same site. These questions of statistical independence have yet to
be resolved. Counting stems by basal diameter is time consuming and, as
we have shown in this study, basal diameter is poorly related to twig
biomass. Basal diameter classes could be a form of stratification, but
this was not examined in this study.
Overall average weight by height category of a species multiplied
by the average stem density per area of the "average size" individual
counted in a 4-m 2 plot will produce at best only the average weight per
area of a height category based on those averaged sized individuals.
And unless density and weight per individual samples are taken at the
same site, this information will be available only on a vegetation type
basis. Better methods are available.
Each individual stem for each species requires up to 3 labelled
bags for the clipped twigs if the same 3 height categories are used in
the main browse inventory. Each bag must be handled individually and
it, or its associated number, must go through no fewer than the
following 6 steps: 1) weigh and record wet weight (if required in
field); 2) clean leaves from twigs; 3) oven dry; 4) weigh and record
dry weight; 5) enter data into computer; 6) and data analysis. r1ore
laboratory time will be required if the number of bags of samples
generated from clipped individua 1 s exceeds those generated by clipped
Browse Pilot Study 43
plots. This would occur if the number of clipped individuals of all
species required at a site exceeded the number of required clipped
plots. This would probably be the case if individuals were clipped by
height category. Dry weights of twigs clipped from individual stems
were often very small (e.g. below 0.05 g). Variability can be excessive
when fluctuations in weight of twigs in height categories range from
very small values to relatively larger values. It is also difficult to
clip to this fine accuracy and overestimations can be made if values are
rounded up.
Density data files must also be merged with individual stem weight
data files to multiply the 2 estimates together. This merging is an
extra step not required for the clipped plot data. Extra analysis costs
should be expected with the density-weight per individual data sets.
The files will be larger, take more time to organize, and require more
manipulations to produce the desired result. And there are still
unreso 1 ved questions about combining the variances. We have probably
spent at least 5 times longer on these data sets, excluding the plot
size and double-sampling analysis, than on the clipped plot data.
5.2 -Clipped Plots
Only the 1-m 2 clipped plot was tested for this pilot study.
Steigers et al. (1983) used a 0.5-m 2 rectangular plot for clipping
current annua 1 growth of forbs, graminoids, and shrubs. Although the
0.5-m 2 plot required less time to clip, the 1-m 2 plot may be better
where only shrubs are of interest. The larger size plot is more
important where branching is open and diffuse, and where many of the
shrubs of interest are relatively rare in many areas. The pattern of
clumping should be investigated before the size of clipped plots is
decided.
Browse Pilot Study 44
Plot size and shape may be worth some further consideration.
Circular plots were chosen because we could use a rope on a stake to
delimit the area. This minimized field equipment that we needed to
transport in the helicopter. The rope was frequently pulled hard enough
against a sometimes wobbly stake to expand the area slightly. Also the
observer had to hold the rope to find the boundary, then clip, then hold
the rope again. Sometimes the rope was even clipped. The rope could
also be raised and lowered which affected the radius. Circular plots
minimize boundary decisions because a circle provides the smallest
perimeter:area ratio. Circles, however, tend to encompass less
variability than rectangular or square plots under many vegetation
patterns, although this is not always true. The size may also affect
this.
Rectangular or square plots could be delimited using folding
frames, as opposed to fixed frames used by Stei gers et a 1. (1983), but
these would introduce errors comparable to pulling on the stake. These
shapes increase the boundary decisions but more variability is
frequently encountered in one plot. This would reduce the between-plot
or within-site variance.
Depending on the scale and type of pattern, a different size plot
2 from 1-m may be beneficial. If the scale of clumping is much larger
than 1 m2 , 0.5-m 2 plots may not have a much larger variance, but the
clipping time would be reduced. A plot sufficiently large to reduce the
variance greatly may require an unreasonable time to clip, so no
benefits would be gained. Changing the size or shape of the plot may be
a consideration, but we know of no studies in the boreal forest regions
that have evaluated this.
Browse Pilot Study 45
Average time to clip 1-m 2 plots would be substantially reduced if
Betula glandulosa was excluded from the species of interest and if only
twigs were clipped. Leaves would probably still need to be separated
from twigs clipped for some species (e.g. Salix pulchra) because the
twigs are small and frail and the leaves are tightly attached. This
separation will be necessary either in the field or laboratory
regardless of whether plot or individual stems are clipped. Two persons
would work more efficiently at clipping 1-m 2 plots than would only one
person.
Estimates of average weight per area and associated variances for
clipped plots are based on sample sizes ranging from 3 to 10 plots per
site. Eleven of the 16 sites sampled had less than 10 clipped plots.
One site we did not have time to sample. Hence, less information is
present in these results than in the density-weight per individual
results. Larger sample sizes for all measures would give a better basis
for comparing the methods.
A number of problems also exist for the clipped plots. Plots were
not clipped by height category in this pilot study. Clipping by height
category may increase total clipping time by up to 2 times. Part of
this would be due to the time required to establish the height
categories in the plot as well as the increased number of bags to be
labelled. Similar to the density and weight per individual, adding
height categories will also probably increase the estimated sample size.
However, with the time saved by not clipping Betula glandulosa or
leaves, the time increase required to clip by height categories may be
more than offset.
Browse Pilot Study 46
Fewer bags may be required to be dried and weighed if the number of
clipped plots to adequately sample at a site is less than the number of
individual stems for all species required to adequately sample weight
per individual.
One of the most important advantages of clipped plots is that
weight by species per plot is converted to weight per larger area simply
by multiplying by a constant. This also holds true for weight per area
by height category if plots are clipped by height cateogry. Data files
are smaller and conversions to biomass per area are very
straightforeward using data collected from clipped plots. Data file
manipulation and analysis to achieve the desired result is minimal.
Variances are relatively easy to calculate.
6 -RECOMMENDATIONS
If the density-weight per individual method is selected for the
main browse inventory, we recommend the following:
1) Use 4-m 2 circular plots spaced systematic-randomly at least 10
m apart for counting stems. Longer distances between plots
would maximize within-site variability and minimize
between-site variability. A viable method to relate stems
counted in density plots to clipped individuals, short of
clipping all individuals (or a random sample there-of) in the
density plot, cannot be recommended. No double-sampling
technique we tested held good predictive ability, especially
when height category was considered.
2) Clip twigs of systematic-randomly chosen individual stems of
each species by height category. A large enough sample should
be taken to ensure the range of stem sizes has been sampled.
Browse Pilot Study 47
3) Clip twigs of each species in systematic-randomly chosen plots
by height category.
Based on the results of this browse pilot study~ our experience in
the analysis of this data and the use of these methods to sample browse
in the middle Susitna River Basin~ and our past experience with
vegetation sampling in this area~ we strongly recommend the selection of
clipped plots for use in the main browse inventory.
Since a large scale browse inventory is being contemplated for the
middle Susitna River Basin~ we felt we could benefit by examining what
techniques are being used in large-scale inventories in the state; in
particular the Cooperative River Basin study conducted by the USFS
(United States Forest Service) and SCS (Soil Conservation Service). All
their current growth and browse measurements were conducted in plots.
Low vegetation below 4.5 ft. (1.5 m) was sampled using 2ft. x 2ft.
{0.6 x 0.6 m = 0.37 m2 ) plots to estimate and clip the current year's
growth (twigs plus leaves) for range production. Tall brush information
was recorded in 10 ft. x 10 ft. (3 x 3 m = 9.3 m2 ) plots and included
productivity and browse (at 5 mm diameter) information. They used
ocular estimates to estimate a weight of some unit (e.g. a branch) in
the 100-ft. 2 plat~ count the number of units~ then clip and weigh the
one unit to obtain an adjustment factor. They are able to use large
plots because they do not clip the entire plot.
Most other environmental assessment sampling procedures with which
we are familiar use plots rather than weight per individual times
density. We presume this is for simplicity and reliability of data.
Weight per area by clipped plots has only the one source of variation
while the product of 2 random variables has 2 sources of variation.
Browse Pilot Study 48
This is just considering sampling error, and not the very real errors
associated with actual measurements.
Since the Cooperative River Basin study included productivity and
browse data collected from approximately 80 randomly located sites, we
think these variances should also be examined for allocation of sites to
vegetation types. One Susitna Plant Ecology team member assisted in the
collection of these data in 1980 as part of a cooperative agreement with
the Alaska Power Authority. We believe as much existing information as
possible should be used in planning for the full-scale inventory.
Browse Pilot Study 49
7 -LITERATURE CITED
Barrett, J. P., and W. A. Guthrie. 1969. Optimum plot sampling in
estimating browse. J. Wildl. Manage. 33:399-403.
Baskerville, G. L. 1972. Use of the logarithmic equation in the
estimation of plant biomass. Canadian J. For. Res. 2:49-53.
Bentley, J. R., D. W. Seegrist, and D. A. Blackman. 1970. A technique
for sampling low shrub vegetation by crown volume classes. USDA
For. Serv. Res. Note PSW-215. Pacific Southwest For. and Range
Exp. Sta.
Bobek, B., and R. Bergstrom. 1978. A rapid method of browse biomass
estimation in a forest habitat. J. Range Manage. 31:456-458.
--, and R. Dzieciolowski. 1972. Methods of browse estimation in
different types of forests. Acta Theriologica. 17:171-186.
Chew, R. ~1., and A. E. Chew. 1965. The primary productivity of a
desert shrub (Larrea tridentata) community. Ecol. ~1onogr.
35:355-375.
Draper, N., and H. Smith. 1966. Applied regression analysis. John
Wiley and Sons, New York. 407 pp.
Hull, C. H., and N. H. Nie. 1981. SPSS update 7-9. McGraw-Hill, New
York. 402 pp.
Ludwig, J. A., J. F. Reynolds, and P. D. Whitson. 1975. Size-biomass
relationships of several Chihuahuan Desert shrubs. Am. Midland
Natur. 94:451-461.
McKendrick, J., W. Collins, D. Helm, J. McMullen, and J. Koranda. 1982.
Plant ecology studies phase I final report. Alaska Power
Authority, Susitna Hydroelectric Project. 124 pp.
Browse Pilot Study 50
Mendenhall, W., L. Ott, and R. L. Scheaffer. 1971. Elementary survey
sampling. Duxbury Press, Belmont, California. 247 pp.
Ohmann, L. F., D. F. Grigal, and R. B. Brander. 1976. Biomass
estimation for five shrubs from northeastern Minnesota. USDA For.
Ser. Res. Paper NC-133. 11 pp.
Oldemeyer, J. L., and W. L. Regelin. 1980. Comparisons of 9 methods
for estimating density of shrubs and saplings in Alaska. J. Wildl.
Manage. 44:662-666.
Parker, G. R., and L. D. Morton. 1978. The estimation of winter forage
and its use by moose on clearcuts in northcentral New Foundland.
J. Range Manage. 3:300-304.
Peek, J. M. 1970. Relation of canopy area and volume to production of
three woody species. Ecol. 51:1098-1101.
Shafer, E. L. 1963. The twig-count method for measuring hardwood deer
browse. J. Wildl. Manage. 27:428-437.
Steigers, W. D., Jr., D. Helm, J. G. MacCracken, J. D. McKendrick, and
P. V. Mayer. 1983. 1982 plant ecology studies final report.
Alaska Power Authority, Susitna Hydroelectric Project. 288 pp.
Telfer, E. S. 1969. Twig weight-diameter relationships for browse
species. J. Wildl. Manage. 33:917-921.
Uresk, D. W., R. 0. Gilbert, and W. H. Rickard. 1977. Sampling big
sagebrush for phytomass. J. Range Manage. 30:311-314.
Viereck, L. A., and C. T. Dyrness. 1980. A preliminary classification
for vegetation of Alaska. Pacific Northwest For. and Range Exp.
Sta., Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-106. 38 pp.
Viereck, L. A., C. T. Dyrness, and A. R. Batten. 1982.
of primary classification for vegetation of Alaska.
preliminary manuscript. May.
1982 revision
Unpublished
Browse Pilot Study 51
~Jhisenant, S. G., and D. F. Burzloff. 1978. Predicting green weight of
mesquite (Prosopis glandulosa Ton.). J. Range ~1anage. 31:396-397.
Browse Pilot Study 52
TABLE 1. Level IV classification of 17 sites (3-19) sampled for the
Browse Pilot study during August 1983 in the middle Susitna
River Basin.
Level IV Site #
Woodland Black-White Spruce 10, 11
Woodland Black Spruce 14, 15, 18, 19
Open Mixed Spruce-Paper Birch 16' 17
Open Tall Willow 8, 9
Open Low Dwarf Birch-Willow 4, 5, 6, 7, 12, 13
Open Low Willow 3
TABLE 2. Average density of stems per 10 m2 for shrubs in level IV vegetation types in the middle Susitna River Basin. Stem density was
2 2 2 2 calculated for 1-m , 4-m, and 10-m plot sizes in 1983. Stem density from 4-m plots sampled during 1982 (from Steigers et al.
1983) were included for comparison.
Level IV Vegetation Type a
1982 1982 1982
WB-WS ~IS WBS t1S-B OS-B TW DB-U DB-W LW
Species 4 10 4 1 4 10 1 4 10 4 1 4 10 1 4 10 4 1 4 10
Betula glandulosa 70 65 61 28 93 98 75 4 2 68 56 53 38
Betu 1 a papyrifera 1 1 1 2 1 1
Salix pulchra 7 3 2 16 11 17 1 21 12 8 27 26 20 5 186 116 94
Salix glauca 6 3 2 1 1 2 2 3
Sa 1 i x 1 ana ta 10 2 1 15 11 7
Salix alaxensis 49 40 30 4 6
Alnus sinuata <.1 <1 3 7 11
Total stems 77 74 66 32 109 118 94 1 6 5 0 73 60 51 112 96 83 43 190 123 94
a WB-WS = Woodland Black-White Spruce; HS = Woodland Spruce; HBS = Hoodland Black Spruce; MS-B = Open Mixed Spruce-Paper Birch; OS-B = Open
Spruce-Paper Birch; HI= Open Tall Willow; DB-W = Open Low Dwarf Birch-Hillow; LW = Open Low Willow.
1982
LH
4
53
53
co ;;
0 ::::
Vl m
0
C'i-
Vl
C'i-
1::
0.
'<
U1 w
TABLE 3. Within-site variance of stem density estimates in 1-m 2, 4-m 2, and 10-m 2 plot sizes for shrubs in level IV vegetation types in the
middle Susitna River Basin.
Level IV Vegetation Type a
WB-WS WBS MS-B TW DB-W LW
Species 1 4 10 1 4 10 1 4 10 1 4 10 1 4 10 1 4
Betula glandulosa 3834 1209 1671 5966 3476 1787 5 80 48 4835 1475 801
Betula papyrifera 1 1 1 6 21 2 4
10
Salix pulchra 20 172 52 1178 476 1275 15 2 476 114 69 1686 1108 218 30712 8653 2104
Salix glauca 425 17 15 6 93 45 68
Sa 1 i x 1 ana ta 352 26 8 1410 484 138
Salix alaxensis 3915 749 496 208 180
Alnus sinuata 5 18 35 110 253
Total stems 3514 1865 1816 6987 4001 2114 5 92 73 4104 1113 339 7850 2300 1051 30655 8324 2104
a WB-WS = Woodland Black-White Spruce; WBS = Woodland Black Spruce; ~1S-B = Open ~1ixed Spruce-Paper Birch; TW = Open Tall Willow; DB-W = Open
Low Dwarf Birch-Willow; LW = Open Low Willow.
0
M-
(./)
M-e
0...
'<
TABLE 4. Average time (seconds) to count stems in 1-m 2, 4-m 2, and 10-m 2 plot sizes for 6 level IV vegetation types in the middle Susitna
River Basin. Values for individual species do not include time to move between plots and no values include time to locate and
establish the transects.
Level IV Vegetation Type a
WB-WS WBS MS-B TW DB-~1 LW
Species 1 4 10 1 4 10 1 4 10 1 4 10 1 4 10 1 4
Betula glandulosa 17 48 64 24 54 69 6 16 10 21 52 67
Betula papyrifera 1 1 1 7 5 16 2
Salix pulchra 5 16 20 6 13 25 3 4 9 19 22 14 34 44 91 102
Salix glauca 2 5 11 12 4 8 17
Sal i x 1 ana ta 9 5 4 8 10 13
Salix alaxensis 30 65 67 5 10
Alnus s i nua ta 2 10 5 21 35
Move time 100 102 80 . 66 77 94 78 73 101 124 127 127 176 148 158 174 260
Total time including move 128 177 250 99 158 197 90 96 137 176 255 313 227 257 303 280 401
a WB-WS = Woodland Black-White Spruce; WBS = Woodland Black Spruce; ~1S-B = Open Mixed Spruce-Paper Birch; TW = Open Tall Willow; llB-W = Open
Low Dwarf Birch-Willow; Ul = Open Low Willow.
10
131
251
420
OJ
-s
0
:E
Vl ro
-'·
0
c+
Vl
c+ c:
~
(.Jl
(.Jl
TABLE 5. Average time {minutes) to count stems for an estimated adequate number of plots at each site in 1-m 2, 4-m 2, and 10-m 2 plot sizes for
6 level IV vegetation types in the middle Susitna River Basin. Values for individual species do not include time to move between
plots and no values include time to locate and establish the transects.
Level IV Vegetation Type a
WB-WS WBS ~lS-B TW OB-H LW
Species 1 4 10 1 4 10 1 4 10 1 4 10 1 4 10 1 4
Betula glandulosa 5 6 11 3 4 5 41 23 44 3 4 3
Betula eaexrifera 7 7 7 10 16 45 14
Salix eulchra 34 22 42 5 9 19 21 16 4 6 9 4 7 4 56 46
Salix glauca 10 4 11 58 8 7 14
Sa 1 ix lanata 6 5 27 6 5 4
Salix alaxensis 17 11 14 41 30
Alnus sinuata 14 46 10 18 26
Total all species incl. move time 29 24 40 12 11 11 617 86 155 50 32 21 20 12 11 163 154
a WB-WS = Woodland Black-White Spruce; WBS = Woodland Black Spruce; ~1S-B = Open Mixed Spruce-Paper Birch; HJ = Open Tall Willow; OB-W = Open
Low Dwarf Birch-Willow; LH = Open Low Willow.
10
22
70
c:o -s
0
::!::
VI ro
""0
0
c-t
(/)
c-t c
0..
'<
(Jl
0\
Browse Pilot Study 57
TABLE 6. Summary of average time in minutes required to sample the density
of shrub stems for an estimated adequate number of plots at each
site. Means are by species across all sites for each non-zero plot
size.
Species/Time # Cases
Betula glandulosa 39
Betula papyrifera 10
Salix pulchra 41
Salix glauca 18
Sa 1 ix lanata 12
Salix alaxensis 8
Alnus sinuata 7
~1ove time 51
Total time including move 50
2 1-m
22
25
18
48
33
16
2
130
Plot Size
2 4-m
18
20
27
14
21
23
30
2
89
2 10-m
20
32
37
39
23
27
57
2
67
Browse Pilot Study
TABLE 7. Summary of results of analysis of variance for the time
required to sample the density of shrub stems for an estimated
adequate number of plots. Sites were nested within vegetation
types and plot sizes were crossed with sites and vegetation
types.
Significance of F
Vegetation Plot
58
Species # Sites # Cases Type Size Interaction
Betula gl andul osa 13 39 0.01* 0.78 0.26
Betula ~a~~rifera 6 18 0.89 0.22 0.92
Sa 1 i x ~ul chra 16 48 0.36 0.01* 0.07
Salix glauca 8 24 0.28 0.03* 0.02*
Sa 1 i x lanata 5 18 0. 29 0.85 0.69
Salix alaxensis 3 9 0.36 0.08 0.05*
Alnus sinuata 3 9 0.48 0.02* 0.04*
Total time 17 51 0.001* 0.51 1.0
* alpha < 0.05
TABLE 8. Comparison of vegetation types between the pilot study and McKendrick et al. (1982).
Percentages of total mapped area in the Watana and Devil Canyon impoundments and
construction zones from McKendrick et al. (1982; 102, 106) are also given.
Pilot Vegetation Type 1982 Vegetation Type Area (ha) % of tota 1 area
~Joodland Black-White Spruce ~Joodland Spruce-White 1,633 7.22
Woodland Black Spruce Woodland Spruce-Black 2,743 12.13
Open t·1ixed Spruce-Paper Birch Mixed Open Conifer-Deciduous 732 3.24
Open Tall Willow lla 0.05a
Open Low Dwarf Bi rch-~Ji 11 ow ~1ixed Low Shrub 1,391 6.15
Open Low ~-Ji 11 ow Wi 11 ow Shrub 289b 1.28b
TOTAL AREA 22,609 100.00
a Estimated percentage derived from the Open Low Willow vegetation type
b Reduced by 0.05% which was assigned to the Open Tall Willow vegetation type.
OJ -s
0 ::::
(/)
CD
-'· __,
0
c+
(/)
c+ s:::
~
TABLE 9. Average elapsed time/plot including move time in seconds, and number of 4-m 2 plots/site,
minutes/site, and sites/level IV vegetation type required to sample total stem density
within 20% of the mean with 67% confidence. Estimates are for selected shrub species
in 9 level IV vegetation types in the middle Susitna River Basin. Betula glandulosa
has been excluded. Includes data modified from Steigers et al. (1983).
Level IV Vegetation Type
Open White Sprucea
Open Black Spruce a
Woodland Black-White Spruce
Woodland Black Spruce
Open Mixed Spruce-Paper Birch
Open Tall Willow
Open Low Dwarf Bircha
Open Low Dwarf Bi rch-~Ji 11 ow
Open Low Willow
# Sites
Sampled
7
10
2
4
2
2
18
6
1
Time/Plot
(Seconds)
120b
110b
129
104
81
242
158c
205
398
Plots/
Site
5
5
31
15
94
5
15
5
8
~1inutes/
Site
10
9
67
26
127
20
40
17
53
Sites/Vegetation
Type
193
366
237
223
240
9
1,544
76
d
co -s
0 :=::
(/)
Cll
""'0 ..... __,
0
rt
(/)
rt s:::
0...
'<
0'\
0
(Table 9 continued.)
a Data modified from Steigers et al. (1983).
b Estimated time based on similarity of species composition and density to the pilot study woodland
black spruce vegetation type.
c Estimated time based on similarity of species composition and density to the pilot study open
low dwarf birch-willow vegetation type.
d Only 1 site sampled.
TABLE 10. Comparison of vegetation types between the 1983 pilot study and 1982 browse inventory
(Steigers et al. 1983), and McKendrick et al. (1982). Percentages of total mapped
area in the Watana and Devil Canyon impoundments and construction zones from
McKendrick et al. (1982; 102, 106) are also given.
Level IV Vegetation Type 1982 Vegetation Type Area (ha) % of total area
Woodland Black-White Spruce Woodland Spruce-White 1,633 7.22
Woodland Black Spruce Woodland Spruce-Black 2,743 12.13
Open White Spruce Open Spruce-vJhi te 5,166 22.85
Open Black Spruce Open Spruce-Black 2,615 11.57
Open Mixed Spruce-Paper Birch ~1ixed Open Conifer-Deciduous 732 3.24
Open Tall Willow lla 0.05a
Open Low Dwarf Birch Birch Shrub 3,673 16.25
Open Low Dwarf Birch-vJi 11 ow ~1i xed Low Shrub 1,391 6.15
Open Low Willow Wi 11 ow Shrub 289b 1. 28b
TOTAL AREA 2Z,601 }()0. 00
a Estimated percentage derived from the Open Low Willow vegetation type
b Reduced by 0.05% which was assigned to the Open Tall Willow vegetation type.
co -s
0 ::::
(/)
CD
...... ......
0
c+
(/')
c+ s::
0..
'<
Browse Pilot Study
TABLE 11. 2 Percentage of cost to sample density in 4-m plots,
and allocation of 680 maximum sites among 8 level IV
vegetation types. Betula glandulosa has been
excluded.
Level IV Vegetation Type % of Cost Allocation
Open White Spruce 39 264
Open Black Spruce 23 155
Woodland Black-White Spruce 3 20
vloodland Black Spruce 14 94
Open Mixed Spruce-Paper Birch 0.15 2a
Open Tall Willow 0.04 2a
Open Low Dwarf Birch 11 75
Open Low Dwarf Bi rch-Wi 11 ow 10 68
a Minimum of 2 sites required.
63
Browse Pilot Study
TABLE 12. Summary of plots of dry weight versus ocular estimate by
observer for each species.
Betula glandulosa
Observer N Corr. Res. ~1S Std. Dev. Slope Inter. Curvature
1 40 0.78 25.35 3.46 1.81 1.24 None
2 33 0.94 1.13 3.17 0.44 0.29 None
3 43 0.90 1.80 3.09 0.37 0.50 None
4 27 0.96 1. 72 4.43 0.35 0.65 None
Salix pulchra
Observer N Corr. Res. MS Std. Dev. Slope Inter. Curvature
1 40 0.79 7.40 4.34 0.40 l. 10 None
2 25 0.95 0.94 3.16 0.54 0.29 None
3 45 0.83 8. 71 5.27 0.41 0.70 None
4 26 0.89 12.17 7.45 0.84 -2.83 Quad a
Salix glauca
Observer N Corr. Res. r1s Std. Dev. Slope Inter. Curvature
1 27 0.90 8.88 6.74 0.38 +0.20 None
2 15 0.94 7.22 7.50 0.68 -0.79 None
3 20 0.93 4.73 5.95 0.39 +0.83 None
4 15 0.97 1.98 6.04 0.38 -0.02 None
64
Am~roximate
Low High
1 32
1 29
1 28
1 57
Approximate
Low High
1 30
1.5 24.5
1 48
2 33
Approximate
Low High
2 65
2 42
2 49
2 56
Browse Pilot Study 65
(Table 12 continued.)
Salix lanata
AQQroximate
Observer N Corr. Res. MS Std. Dev. SloQe Inter. Curvature Low High
1 5 0.95 30.58 14.79 0.63 -5.30 Slight quad 8 62
2 15 0.93 3.35 4.73 0.56 +0.43 None 1 31
3 14 0.94 5.10 3.47 0.51 -0.13 None 1 21
4 5 0.98 3.27 7.80 0.55 -3.41 None 12 42
Betula QaQyrifera
AQQroximate
Observer N Carr. Res. MS Std. Dev. SloQe Inter. Curvature Low High
1 8 0.97 9.73 12.10 0.55 +2.37 None 4 68
2 5 0.999 1.91 22.51 0.24 +1.79 None 1 230
3 5 0.98 25.33 20.96 0.97 -2.32 None 3 49
4 9 0.98 4.92 10.00 0.41 +0. 72 None 3 78
Alnus sinuata
AQQroximate
Observer N Corr. Res. MS Std. Dev. SloQe Inter. Curvature Low High
1 2 1.00 0.00 5.66 0.76 -0.80 None 2.5 13
2
3 10 0.97 7.14 11.07 0.91 -5.05 None 8 44
4 2 1.00 0.00 10.82 0.56 1. 78 None 15 42
Browse Pilot Study 66
(Table 12 continued.)
Salix alaxensis
A~~roximate
Observer N Corr. Res. MS Std. Dev. Slo~e Inter. Curvature Low High
1 8 0.98 16.43 21.68 0.36 1.25 None 5 175
2
3 14 0.84 71.29 15.13 0.21 5.39 None 15 195
4 8 0.98 72.19 43.53 0.46 -2.33 None 12 205
a The largest estimated value was about 33 and appeared to be an outlier.
If this were eliminated, the largest value would be about 23, there would
be no curvature, correlation would probably be higher, and slope would
be smaller.
Browse Pilot Study 67
TABLE 13. Summary of plots of dry weight versus untransformed shrub
dimensions and ocular estimates by species for 4 major species.
Betula glandulosa n=124 Std. Dev. = 3.26
AQQroximate
Variable Corr. Res. ~1S SloQe Inter. Curvature Low High
Basal diameter(mm) 0.80 3.89 0.09 -3.22 quad 30 160
Height( em) 0.73 5.02 0.12 -2.70 none 18 135
Depth( em) 0.68 5.69 0.15 -2.01 none 13 104
Width( em) 0.70 5.49 0.14 -1.02 quad 6.5 104
Right angle( em) 0.75 4. 73 0.24 -.91 quad 2 56
Ocular estimate(g) 0.91 1.82 0.39 +.54 none 1 58
Browse Pilot Study 68
(Table 13 continued.)
Salix glauca n=65 Std. Dev. = 3.26
A1212roximate
Variable Carr. Res. ~1S Slo12e Inter. Curvature Low High
Basal diameter(mm) 0.85 11.26 0.11 -4.54 none 25 225
Height( em) 0.77 16.27 0.20 -5.89 slight quad 26 131
Depth( em) 0.73 18.30 0.26 -2.09 slight quad 6 89
Width( em) 0.79 15.01 0.40 -5.45 quad 8 60
Right angle(cm) 0.71 19.61 0.36 -1.18 none 5 70 (50)
Ocular estimate(g) 0.89 8.39 0.38 +0.84 none 2 65
Sa 1 i x 1 ana ta n=39 Std. Dev. = 7.24
A1212roximate
Variable Carr. Res. MS Slo12e Inter. Curvature Low High
Basal diameter(mm) 0.69 28.38 0.09 -5.00 slight quad 53 265
Height( em) 0.83 16.67 0.28 -9.91 quad 20 116
Depth( em) 0.87 13.43 0.40 -5.84 none 10 86
Width(cm) 0.64 32.12 0.29 -2.50 none 7 77
Right a ng 1 e ( em) 0.72 25.69 0.53 -3.87 quad 4 42
Ocular estimate(g) 0.94 6.73 0.51 -0.20 none 1 65
a All values except one were less than 55.
Browse Pilot Study 69
TABLE 14. Stepwise regression summaries by species for total dry weight
(leaves plus twigs) and dry twig weight versus all shrub measurements
including transformations and volumes.
Betula glandulosa N=117
Drx weight
Standard error
SteE r2 of estimate Variables Added
0 3.63
1 0.79 1.68 estimated width
2 0.83 1.50 width
3 0.85 1.43 basal diameter
orx twigs
Standard error
SteE 2 of estimate Variables Added r
0 0.67
1 0.33 0.55 estimated weight
2 0.37 0.54 depth 2
3 0.44 0.51 height 2
4 0.48 0.49 height
Salix EUlchra N=126
Dry weight
Standard error
SteE 2 of estimate Va ri ab 1 es Added r
0 5.24
1 0.65 3.09 estimated weight
2 0.67 3.04 width
3 0.69 2.97 vol. 2=height x width x right angle
Browse Pilot Study 70
(Table 14 continued.)
Dr:r: twigs
Standard error
Step 2 of estimate Va ri ab 1 es Added r
0 1.05
1 0.37 0.84 estimated weight
2 0.40 .82 depth
Salix glauca N=74
Dr:r: weight
Standard error
Step 2 of estimate Variables Added r
0 6.50
1 0.80 2.96 estimated weight
2 0.89 2.23 basal diameter 2
3 0.90 2.07 vol 1.=depth x width x right angle
Dr:r: twigs
Standard error
Step 2 of estimate Additional Variables r
0 2.13
1 0.64 1.29 estimated weight
2 0.73 1.11 basal diameter 2
3 0.78 1.03 depth 2
4 0.82 0.93 height 2
5 0.84 0.87 width
Browse Pilot Study 71
(Table 14 continued.)
Salix lanata N=38
DrJ:: weight
Standard error
SteE 2 of estimate Va ri ab 1 es Added r
0 7.27
1 0.87 2.63 estimated weight
2 0.94 1.87 val. 1=depth X Width X right angle
3 0.95 1. 73 depth 2
orx twigs
Standard error
Step 2 of estimate Va ri ab 1 es Added r
0 2.28
1 0.82 0.97 estimated weight
2 0.89 0.79 depth 2
3 0.90 0.74 ba sa 1 di ameter 2
Betula papyrifera N=25
Drx weight
Standard error
Step 2 of estimate Va ri ab 1 es Added r
0 15.41
1 0.82 6.69 height 2
2 0.89 5.40 estimated weight
3 0.92 4.66 observer 1
4 0.95 3.66 val. 4=basal diameter 2
5 0.96 3.42
Browse Pilot Study 72
(Table 14 continued.)
Dr.z:: twigs
Standard error
Ste~ 2 of· estimate Va ri ab 1 es Added r
0 2.35
1 0.57 1.57 height
Alnus s inuata N=21
Dr.z:: weight
Standard error
Ste~ 2 of estimate Va ri ab 1 es Added r
0 51.65
1 0.97* 8.45 width 2
*(may be an artifact-largest value hit right on)
Dr.z:: twig
Standard error
Ste~ r2 of estimate Va ri ab 1 es Added
0 7.87
1 0.38 6.34 1/width
2 0.54 5.60 1/right angle
3 0.70 4.65 1/basal diameter
4 0.64 5.01 remove 1/wi dth
Browse Pilot Study 73
(Table 14 continued.)
Salix alaxensis N=35
Drx weight
Standard error
SteE 2 of estimate Va ri ab 1 es Added r
0 25.42
1 0.83 10.50 estimated weight
2 0.89 8.57 vol. 2= height x width x right angle
3 0.91 8.17 width
orx twigs
Standard error
SteE r2 of estimate Va ri ab 1 es Added
0 11.51
1 0.74 5.96 vol. 2
2 0.85 4.67 width 2
3 0.87 4.32 estimated weight
4 0.90 3.97 vol 1= depth x width x right angle
Browse Pilot Study 74
TABLE 15. Times to obtain measurements including clipping on each individual
of a species and the approximate optimum ratio of estimated
individuals to clipped individuals based on ocular estimate
as the only measurement. All observers were combined.
Field Times (seconds/individual)
Ocular Approximate
Species Est. Clip Diam. a Crown{4) Move n/n'=est./clip
Betula glandulosa 34 170 12 29 69 3/2
Salix pulchra 37 224 9 28 65 3/2
Salix glauca 27 132 7 26 40 5/2
Sa 1 ix lanata 22 88 12 29 77 5/2
Salix alaxensis 31 245 14 27 319 7/1
Alnus sinuata 29 170 11 40 51 13/2
Betula pap~ri fera 50 351 10 48 97 2/1
a Crown measurements included height of plant, depth of crown, width,
and right angle.
Browse Pilot Study
Table 16. Stepwise regression summaries by species for log (dry weight)
and log (dry twig weight) versus all shrub measurements,
untransformed or logarithmic transforms only.
Betula glandulosa N=68
Log (dry)
Standard error
Step 2 of estimate Va riab 1 es Added r
0 .318
1 0.73 .166 log (est.)
2 0.79 .147 1 og (basal diam)
3 0.81 .140 log (width)
1 og twigs
Standard error
Step r2 of estimate Va ri ab 1 es Added
0 .332
1 0.11 .316 depth
Salix pulchra n=31
log (dry)
Standard error
Step r2 of estimate Va ri ab 1 es Added
0 .260
1 0.60 .168 log (est.)
(rest of printout not available)
1 og (twig)
Standard error
Step 2 of estimate Va ri ab 1 es Added r
0 .325
1 0.20 .296 log (basal diameter)
75
Browse Pilot Study 76
(Table 16 continued.)
Salix glauca n=57
Log (dry)
Standard error
Ste~ 2 of estimate Va ri ab l es Added r
0 .355
1 0.82 .151 log {est.)
2 0.85 .139 log (right angle)
3 0.87 .132 basal diameter
4 0.88 .128 log (height)
1 og {twig)
Standard error
Ste~ 2 of estimate Va ri ab 1 es Added r
0 .432
1 0.69 .241 log (est.)
2 0.75 .221 basal diameter
3 0.76 .210 depth
4 0.81 .196 1 og (height)
Sa 1 i x 1 ana ta n=27
1 og (dry)
Standard error
Ste~ 2 of estimate Va ri ab 1 es Added r
0 .317
1 0.72 .172 log (est.)
2 0.85 .126 1 og (width)
3 0.89 .114 log (right angle)
6 0.93 .092 all vars.=right angle, est. log
Browse Pilot Study 77
(Table 16 continued.)
1 og (twig)
Standard error
Step 2 of estimate Va ri ab 1 es Added r
0 .419
1 0.64 .256 log (est.)
2 0.72 .230 1 og (depth)
Salix alaxensis n=35
1 og (twig)
Standard error
Step 2 of estimate Va ri ab 1 es Added r
0 .475
1 0.79 .222 log (right angle)
2 0.85 .192 est.
3 0.87 .180 log (depth)
1 og (twig)
Standard error
Step 2 of estimate Va ri ab 1 es Added r
0 .578
1 0.78 .275 log (depth)
2 0.83 .248 1 og (right angle)
Betula pap,x:rifera n=22
1 og (dry)
Standard error
Step r2 of estimate Va ri ab 1 es Added
0 .453
1 0.77 .192 log (est.)
2 0.85 .158 log ( basa 1 diameter)
Browse Pilot Study 78
(Table 16 continued.)
log (twig)
Standard error
Step r2 of estimate Va ri ab 1 es Added
0 .453
1 0.56 .309 log (basal diameter)
Alnus sinuata n=20
log (dry)
Standard error
Step 2 of estimate Va ri ab 1 es Added r
0 .470
1 0.81 .210 log (depth)
2 0.87 .177 1 og (width)
1 og (twig)
Standard error
Step r2 of estimate Va ri ab 1 es Added
0 .462
1 0.51 .333 log (basal diameter)
Table 17. Comparison of slopes of regression estimates by observer and across all observers for each
species. Results were obtained using analysis of covariance with log (dry twig weight) as
the dependent variable.
Observer 1 2 3 4 All
Species N Slope N Slope N Slope N Slope N Slope Prob.
Betula glandulosa 18 -.0039 13 .0367 21 -.0044 16 .0159 68 0.0108 .003
Salix pulchra 25 .0139 11 .0300 22 .0165 15 .0344 73 0.0197 .327
Salix glauca 21 .0262 11 .0388 13 .0183 12 .0202 57 0.0243 .120
Sa 1 i x 1 ana ta 5 .0267 9 .0283 8 .0510 5 .0309 27 0.0295 .559
Salix alaxensis 8 .0107 5 .0067 14 .0032 8 .0089 35 0.0072 .013
Betula pap~rifera 7 .0122 4 .0028 4 .0315 7 .0085 22 0.0053 .020
Alnus sinuata 1 a 7 a 10 a 2 a 20 0.0025 a
a Slopes could not be calculated for all four observers because observer 1 had only one observation. The
analysis could be rerun with only three observers.
o:;:J
-s
0 :::
Vl
CD
-c ....... ......
0
c-t
(/)
c-t c::
0.
'<
Browse Pilot Study
Table 18. Results of analysis of covariance with log (dry twig weight)
as dependent variable, observer as the groups, and ocular
estimate as the covariate.
Equality of Adj. Means Zero Slope Equality of Slope
Species df Prob. df Prob. df Prob.
Betula glandulosa 3,63 0.825 1,63 0.008 3,60 0.003
Salix pulchra 3,68 0.980 1,68 0.000 3,65 0.327
Salix glauca 3,52 0.219 1,52 0.000 3,49 0.120
Sa 1 i x 1 ana ta 3,22 0.115 1,22 0.000 3,19 0.559
Salix alaxensis 3,30 0.099 1,30 0.000 3,27 0.013
Betula pap~rifera 3,17 0.668 1,17 0.023 3,14 0.020
Alnus sinuata 3,15 0.890 1,15 0.091 a a
a Equality of slopes could not be tested for all four observers because
one observer had only one observation. The analysis could be rerun
with only three observers.
80
Browse Pilot Study
Table 19. Results of analysis of covariance with time to estimate
an individual as the dependent variable, observer as the
groups, and ocular estimate as the covariate.
Equality of Adj. Means Zero Slope Equality of Slope
Species df Prob. df Prob. df Prob.
Betula glandulosa 3,63 0.903 1,63 0.627 3,60 0.842
Salix pulchra 3,68 0.426 1,68 0.016 3,65 0.995
Salix glauca 3,52 0.012 1,52 0.453 3,49 0.970
Sa 1 ix lanata 3,22 0.036 1,22 0.061 3,19 0.310
Salix alaxensis 3,30 0.316 1,30 0.006 3,27 0.331
Betula pap~rifera 3,17 0.013 1,17 0.002 3,14 0.166
Alnus sinuata 3,15 0.927 1,15 0.024 a a
a Equality of slopes could not be tested for all four observers because
one observer had only one observation. The analysis could be rerun
with only three observers.
81
Table 20. Summaries of dry weights per individual, densities, and dry weight/area based on weight x
density and clipped plots for the woodland black-white spruce vegetation type.
Species
Salix pulchra
Salix glauca
Betula papyrifera
Dry Wt/Ind. Dry twig/Ind.
(g/Stem}
5.3
2.6
10.9
(g/Stem}
2.4
0.6
2.3
Density
(Stem/10m 2}
13
3
1
Dry WtxDensity Dry twigxDensity
(g/10m 2} (g/10m 2}
~1ean
69
8
11
Var.
10
Mean Var.
31
2
2
0.2
Dry twig
Clipped Plots
(g/10m 2}
Mean Var.
1
2
co -s
0
~
VI
(!)
-o ...... ......
0
M-
(.1)
c-t c:
0..
'<
00
N
Table 21. Summaries of dry weights per individual, densities and dry weight/area based in weight x
density and clipped plots for the woodland black spruce vegetation type.
Dry Wt/Ind. Dry twig/Ind. Density Dry WtxDensity Dry twigxDensity Dry twig
(g/Stem) (g/Stem) 2 (Stem/10m ) 2 (g/lOm ) 2 (g/lOm ) Clipped Plots
Mean Var. Mean Var. 2 (g/lOm )
Species ~1ean Var.
Salix pulchra 2.5 1.1 10 23 634 11 136 11 2058
Sa 1 i x 1 ana ta 2.6 0.4 38 99 15 0 0.1
co
~
0 ::;::
(/)
CD
-o ...... ......
0
c+
(./)
c+ c
Q..
<-<
00 w
Table 22. Summaries of dry weights per individual, densities, and dry weight/area based on weight x
density and clipped plots for the open mixed spruce-paper birch vegetation type.
Dry Wt/Ind. Dry twig/Ind. Density Dry WtxDensity Dry twigxDensity Dry twig
(g/Stem) (g/Stem) (Stem/10m 2) (g/10m 2) 2 (g/lOm ) Clipped Plots
Mean Var. Mean Var. 2 (g/lOm )
Species ~1ean Var.
Betula ~a~,trifera 4.4 0.2 1 4 0.2
Alnus sinuata 3.3 1.1 1 3 1.1 5
0::1 -s
0
:(
VI
(J)
""C ...... __,
0
rt
(./)
rt c::
0..
<-<
Table 23. Summaries of dry weights per individual, densities, and dry weight/area based on weight x
density and clipped plots for the open tall willow vegetation type.
Species
Salix pulchra
Salix alaxensis
Betula papyrifera
Alnus sinuata
Dry Wt/Ind. Dry twig/Ind.
(g/Stem)
1.2
19.3
1.3
2.1
(g/Stem)
0.3
7.8
0.3
0.7
Density
(Stem/10m 2)
23
41
2
7
Dry ~ltxDens i ty Dry twi gxDens i ty
2 2 (g/lOm ) (g/lOm )
~1ean
28
750
1
20
Var.
39200
3
613
Mean Var.
7
301 5910
0.3 0.2
6 50
Dry twig
Clipped Plots
(g/10m 2)
Mean Var.
3 166
393 1342000
5 296
73 59800
c;o
-s
0 =::
(/)
(J)
""0 ...... __,
0
rt
(/')
rt s:::::
0..
~
OJ
(.)1
Table 24. Summaries of dry weights per individual, densities, and dry weight/area based on weight x
density and clipped plots for the open low dwarf birch-willow vegetation type.
Dry Wt/Ind. Dry twi g/Ind. Density Dry WtxDensity Dry twigxDensity Dry twig
(g/Stem) (g/Stem) (Stem/10m 2) (g/10m 2) (g/10m 2) Cl i pped Plots
~1ean Var. ~1ean Var. (g/10m 2 )
Species ~1 ean Var.
Sa 1 i x pu 1 chra 3.2 0.4 26 69 1420 7 17 22 1800
Salix glauca 9.0 2.0 4 35 743 8 65 2 71
Sa 1 i x 1 ana ta 21.8 6.1 22 661 848000 190 70200 2 150
Betula pap~rifera 4.8 1.3 2 10 3 8 809
OJ -s
0
:E
(,/)
CD
-o ...... ......
0
c-t
(/)
c-t c
0..
'<
co
0)
Table 25. Summaries of dry weights per individual, densities, and dry weight/area based on weight x
density and clipped plots for the open low willow vegetation type.
Species
Sa 1 i x pul chra
Salix alaxensis
Dry Wt/Ind. Dry twig/Ind.
(g/Stem)
3.5
29.2
(g/Stem)
0.5
11.2
Density
2 (Stem/10m )
116
6
Dry HtxDens i ty Dry twi gxDens i ty
(g/10m 2) (g/10m 2)
~1ean
406
175
Var. Mean Var.
58
67
Dry twig
Clipped Plots
(g/10m 2)
t1ean Va r.
217
OJ
'"'S
0 ::e:
(/)
CD
-o
-'· __,
0
rt
(/)
rt c
0.
'<
Table 26. Average current annual growth twig and leaf biomass in grams per 10m 2 for shrubs in 6 level
IV vegetation types. A 1 m2 circular plot was used.
Level IV Vegetation Type a
WB-WS WBS MS-B TW OB-W UJ
Species Twig Leaf Twig Leaf Twig Leaf Twig Leaf Twig Leaf Twig Leaf
Betula glandulosa 22 157 24 123 2 15 36 192
Betula papyrifera 5 14 8 12
Salix pulchra 1 4 11 25 3 10 22 104 217 655
Salix glauca 2 3 2 8
Sa 1 i x 1 ana ta < 0.5 <0.5 2 5
Salix alaxensis 394 550
Alnus sinuata 5 31 73 125
TOTAL 25 164 36 148 7 46 475 699 70 321 217 655
a WB-WS = Woodland Black-White Spruce; WBS = Woodland Black Spruce; MS-B = Open ~ixed Spruce-Paper Birch;
TW =Open Tall Willow; OB-l~ =Open Low Dwarf Birch-Hillow; LH =Open Low Willow
OJ -s
~
Vl
(!)
-c ...... __.
0
rt-
(1)
ri-c:
0..
'<
00
00
Browse Pilot Study
Table 27. Elapsed time in seconds required for 2 persons to
clip current annual growth twigs and leaves from shrub
species in 1-m 2 plots, and then move to and establish
a subsequent plot.
Elapsed Time (seconds)
Vegetation Type Clip Move Total
Woodland Black-White Spruce 703 138 841
Hood land Black Spruce 649 92 741
Open Mixed Spruce-Paper Birch 59 54 113
Open Tall Willow 504 137 641
Open Low Dwarf Birch-Hillow 1,124 122 1,246
Open Low Willow 1,800 141 1,941
89
TABLE 28. Average time (minutes) to clip an estimated adequate number of 1-m 2 plots at a site for 6 level IV vegetation types. Plots were
clipped by 2 persons. Time required to clip each species was allocated based on percentage of total dry weight clipped.
Level IV Vegetation Type a
WB-WS WBS MS-B TW OB-W LW
Species Twig Leaf Totalb Twig Leaf Total Twig Leaf Total Twig Leaf Total Twig Leaf Total Twig Leaf Total
Betula glandulosa 22 117 133 17 94 112 4 43 48 33 92 110
Betula eapyrifera 6 18 24 93 139 232
Sa 1 ix eulchra 17 57 72 34 48 70 5 14 18 17 55 66 127 180 240
salix glauca 25 34 57 22 82 102
Salix lanata 9 2 5 20 49 69
Salix alaxensis 45 51 88
Alnus sinuata 16 102 119 30 55 88
Total all species incl. move time 182 99 168 150 104 324
a WB-WS = Woodland Black-White Spruce; WBS = Woodland Black Spruce; MS-B = Open Mixed Spruce-Paper Birch; TW = Open Tall Willow; DB-W = Open
Low Dwarf Birch-~li 11 ow; U.l = Open Low Will ow
b Total = total of twig + leaf using leaf estimated sample size.
co
' 0 ::::
Vl ro
...... _.....
0
c+
(/')
c+ s:::
~
TABLE 29. Approximate average elapsed time including move time in seconds for 2 persons to clip
current annual growth twigs in 1-m 2 plots, and number of 1-m 2 and 0.5-m 2 plots/site,
minutes/site, and number of sites/level IV vegetation type required to sample clipped
plots within 20% of the mean with 67% confidence. Estimates are for selected shrub
species in 9 level IV vegetation types in the middle Susitna River Basin. Betula
glandulosa has been excluded. Includes data modified from Steigers et al. (1983).
Level IV Vegetation Type
Open White Spruce b
Open Black Spruceb
Woodland Black-White Spruce
Woodland Black Spruce
Open Mixed Spruce-Paper Birch
Open Tall Willow
Open Low Dwarf Birchb
Open Low Dwarf Birch-Willow
Open Low Willow
# Sites
Sampled
7
10
2
4
2
2
18
5
1
Time/Plota
(Seconds)
122c
122c
168
153
89
322
172e
218
589
Plots/
Site
16d
27d
8
32
114
10
23d
13
11
~1i nutes/
Site
33
55
22
82
169
54
66
47
108
Sites/Vegetation
Type
328
783
2
401
501
220
2,095
9
f
OJ -s
0 :e:
(/)
CD
-o
-'· __,
0
c-t
(./)
c-t c:
0..
~
<..0 .......
(Table 29 continued.)
a Estimated time based on the percent twig weight of total twig plus leaf weight. A minimum of
30 seconds/plot was used.
b Data modified from Steigers et al. (1983).
c Estimated time based on similarity of species composition to the pilot study woodland black spruce
vegetation type.
d Q.5-m 2 clipped plot size; 15 plots/site.
e Estimated time based on similarity of species composition to the pilot study open low dwarf
birch-willow vegetation type.
f Only 1 site sampled.
Browse Pilot Study
TABLE 30. Percentage of cost to clip plots, and allocation
of 680 maximum sites among 8 level IV vegetation
types. Betula glandulosa has been excluded.
Level IV Vegetation Type % of Cost
Open White Spruce 46
Open Black Spruce 18
Woodland Black-White Spruce 0.05
Woodland Black Spruce 6
Open Mixed Spruce-Paper Birch 1
Open Tall Willow 1
Open Low Dwarf B i rch 26
Open Low Dwarf Birch-~Jillow 2
a Minimum of 2 sites required.
93
Allocation
313
121
2a
41
7
7
175
14
Browse Pilot Study 94
FIGURE 1
Location of middle Susitna River Basin study area in southcentral Alaska.
Talkeetna
0 10km
~
~·· -
FIGURE 1
LOCATION OF STUDY AREA
IN THE STATE OF ALASKA
co en
Browse Pilot Study 96
FIGURE 2
Location of 17 sites sampled during the browse pilot study in the middle
Susitna River Basin.
D•vll Canyon
Dam aile
Miles
0
I I
I I
0 1 2
1
I
Kilometers
Watana Damalte
FIGURE 2
I LOCATION OF BROWSE PILOT
3
STUDY SITES
Browse Pilot Study 98
APPENDIX A
2 ~~eans, standard errors, variances, and estimated sample sizes for 1-m ,
2 2 4-m , and 10-m plot size density estimates for shrub species. Density
estimates are presented by site, with sites grouped into level IV vegetation
types. The within estimated sample size (WNHAT) is the number of plots of the
respective size required to sample the density in the vegetation type within
20% of the mean with 80% confidence. These density plots are then evenly
allocated to the number of sites sampled in the type.
. .
-------
TABLEA/. MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS (1M2>
OF stU:.CTI:~fi-·-smHJrf-~'iFEC1E-s--TNIHVTHUA[T'f-AND-CDMRINETI FOR----------
SITE 10. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
S I Z E < N HAT ) I S T HE N U t1ll E R 0 F S p, ~1 P L I N G U N I T ~;; F~ E Cl U I H E 0 T [) ~l A t1 P L E T HE
DEN!3ITY WITHIW-20/.--0F-THE t·lEAN WITH-so;~ CONFIDENCE,
2
C(.-1TEGDF\Y-----CN-;;------10)-----------------. ·x-----·-----··-·-s~:------· -----~~
X
..... ---·-rr·. ------NHf.lr··-----WITHIN. WN.
BETULA GLf.1NDffi:OSA _____ -------------zl3·;-------
SALIX PULCHF\A 2,
Gf'1l... I X DLAUCA '1 "-.
14 .l. .. ""200j_-~ l
2.0 40.0
2.0 40.0
2090.0
· ··lo---------
10
10
10
-2:1.
410
410
-20
•
TABLEAl. MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS (1M2)
DF SEL.ECTETI--SlmUF.f--STFC I ES ···r ND IVIIIUACCT-·f.1Nfi" ·coNn I NED FOR-
SITE 11. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE <NHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
DENGITY. WITHIN--20%"-·oF···nn:. HEAtf WITH so;c·coNFIDENCE.
------· nr··,:::··----·toT----------------------·-x· ·-------·s ...
)(
'") •..
··r-a .....
;:) N
' ''
NH1~1T l..JITHIN \...lN
l! E T Ul(1 GLANltU[IJSA
b(ll... I\ GL(1\JCr~1
TOTAL ALL. SPECIES
-----.----------·,r;·--------23 ~ tT -------56""/., 7-~-s-·------------1 o · -------------40 -------
9. 9.0 810.0 10 410
86. 22.2 4937.8 10 28
--~------···-··---·-·--·-·----------·--·--·-··-----------·-·----... --···-------· --·----------..................... ---·-----
---~-
25
TABLE A3. MEANS, BTI'.tHii'\IUi ERRORS, MJ[I -VARIANCES FOR STEM COUN;TS <1112) .
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY nND COMBINED FOR~OODLAND BLACK~
WHITE SPRUCE TYPE. N IS NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS, THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
-5Tz~·-n.fHAT) IS THE NU11BER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED-To·-SAtlPLE THE
DENSITY WITHIN 20% OF lHE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE,
~~. 2 .. ---· ----·----. --· -··-·-·------
CATEGORY (N = 20) X s_ s N NHAT
X
·-· . ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BETULA GLANDULOSA
SALIX F'ULCHf\A
SALIX GLAUC(,
TOTAL ALL SPECIES
70.
1.
6.--
77.
13.6
1.0
4.6
13 ol
3684.2 20 31
20.0 20 820
415.5 20 ::i63
3423.9 20 24
WITHIN WN WNHAT BMS N= 2 BN BNHAT
----------
3834.41 18 33 980.00 1 9
20.00 18 820 20.00 1 820
42:-:i.OO 1!3 'J76 245.00 1 -33z----
3513.89 18 1')1:"
.:.J 1BO:i,OO 1 13
--() -
TABLE Ai MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS <1M2>
DF SELECTED SHF~UB SPECIES-TNIHVIDUf.1LLY-f-iND ·corm I NED. FOR
SITE 14. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
DEN S I T Y \H T H I N 2 0% or-THE .. HE AN ·t,n T H 8 0 i~ C 0 N F I DEN C E •.
2
CfHEGOF\Y --( tr··:::·---ro r·--····----------··x------------g-_:------------s---------· ----· -----N -. ----.NHAr· -· WITHIN L~N .... ---w~;
X
:0 E TUL(.I GL(.INDUL.OS(;··---·-····-------···---·---·--u g·;-···---·---27;-:r···· -7573 • 3 -·· -·-····· .... --10 . -----· ......... 4:1.----···---.
TOTAL ALL SPECIES 88. 27.5 7573.3 10 41
T fUlLE AS: i'1EM:fs,---~rt AtHIAFHT--Et\r~tH'd:1;---~11-HI-Vf.'lf'O: !t1t-fCES -FOF.; £rTEI1 COUNTS ( :l M2 r -.
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
SITE 15i N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
B I :ZE ( NHA'fT ·1 s·--i.HE--N'UffBt:Fr-c!l:--SAMF·LI NG -uN 1 TS REIW r I~El:l -TO SAMPLE-THE
DENSITY WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE.
...
Cf.1TEGDRY <N = 10) X
X
s
'i "-·
N
-~--·-----·-···----· ----···~-·-------------·-----· ----·--······ ---· .. . -. -. --· --.... --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BETULA GLANDULOSA
Bt1LIX PULCI·Hi:A
173.
19.
30.0
1 :~. 7
s>o23.3
1876.7
10 1 :·5
10 2i.3
1 0 ----. ---··---1 2
---~---------------------------------------------------------------------------..
WITHIN I.~N w
TABLEA,, MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS (1M2>
DF SELEGTE::n·-mmurc·sPEC-IES ___ TNTiiVIDU?iLL Y t1ND Cot·HliNED FOF\.
SITE 181 N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS, THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE <NHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
DENB J: rr··w ITFfTlr-2"0"7.-0rTHE""fi!Ef.1lrliiiTF180-7.~TONFIDENCE ;·· . ---· . ----· -------
L1~TEGDF<Y
BETULA -GLANITUUJSA-
f:)f~d-D: PUI...CHRA
TOTAL All... SPECIES
s
X
-47~--------··-""] 6 -~-5 . ---··-2 712 • 2 ....
27. 13.4 1801.1
74. 19.6 3826.7
N
·---ro· -----------51
lO 1.02
10 29
' ~-·-· .. -·-~----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
l,o._IITHIN l·!N . \t
--·------------
---··---------.. "·--· ---·-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TABLEA7. MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS~ AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS <1M2>
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
·r:;:rTE--flt. tf IS. TI·1E"NI.JHBEF:-or· SM1F'L.ING UNITS, THE ESTIMATED St1NPL.E
SIZE <NHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
DENSITY WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE,
--·--·-·· -----~------------·---------·----·---------· ------········ ---··-. . ·------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
C(.:1TEGOF\Y <N ":: 10)
BETULA GL.ANDULOSA
bt:LIX PULCHr~:tt
TOTAL ALL SPECIES
X
63. Fr. ··
B2,
s_
X
C' d
21.~5 4556.7
10.2 ""10:~2.2
24.9 6217.8
N
10
10
10
NHAT
4El
118
3D
----------------------------------------------~---------------------------------
WITHIN IJN WNH
TABLE AB, tlEf.1NS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR STE11 COUNT.S •. (,1H2,t...,.-,---,.. .
OF SELECTEtl Sflr!lltl SPECIES INDIV!DUALL Y MHi COMBIIlED FOR~UOill:::f'iNirBLACI\_.
SPRUCE TYPE. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS, THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE <NHATl IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
DENSITY WITHIN 20/. OF THE 11EAN "WlTH sor.·coNFIDENCE;·-
2
CATEGORY (N ::. 40> ... J<------.. --s:.:.--
x
s NHAT WITHIN WN
BEtULA GLANDULOSA
SALIX PULCHRI'<
TOTAL ALL SPECIES
· 93;--------n.r· ··7920.1
16. 5.5 1188.1
109. 14.9 8829.7
... l 40
40
40
-~--------·--··---··-----~-·-.... -~. . . --
38 5966.39
185 1177.50
31 6986.67
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
36 29.
36.. 183
36 25
-31469;17
1315.83
30946.67
...
3· --r5o--.
3 205 ...
3 107
-... -·-·-·· --------······ -----·------····-···. ··-·------··-········----· ----·····----------------·-·-----·-····----.. ··-· .... --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TABLE A\ MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS <1M2)
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
SITF.-1li t -ff-1s·-·THE .. NUHBER·-·oF--SAr1PLTNG-UNITS+---THE-ESTIHATEn··sAMPLE _________ --------·--····-
SIZE <NHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
DENSITY WITHIN 20% IJF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE.
-.. ---· ... --·-··--···-··· -·------· ---. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2
Ct1 TEGO~~y <N ~ 10> X S_ S . ·····-··----~-----------·-----··-·-··-·· ... ---·-· ·-·x ......... --....... ------... -...
BETULA GLANDULOSA
TOTAL ALL SPECIES
1 •
:1 .•
1..0
:1.. 0
! .
10.0
:1.0.0
N
10
1.0
NHAT WITHIN
4:1.0 ..
4:1.0
WN WNH~1l
TABLEAW. MEANS, STANDARD ERRDRSv AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS C1M2)
OF SELECTED -SHRUB-~PECIES-lNDIVIDUAL~Y-AND COMBINED FOR
•SITE 17~ N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE <NHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
:0 E i'~ E! I T Y \LJ I 1" H :r 1,~ 2 0 % () F i H E -Ti E t1 N l•l I T 1--1 B 0 }~ -C 0 1--1 F I D E N C E •
------x-·---------s:::-'·--. -----s .--. ----------. ------N --------N HAT ---l.H T HI W -W N ----WN HI
X
'tABL£ A/1. 11EM1S, STMHIARD Er\r\Or\S, AND VARIANCES TOR STEM-COUNTS <1M2>.
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR•OPEN MIXE"
SPRUCE-BIRCH TYPE. N IS NUMBER OF SAMPLING U~ITS, ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE <NHAl> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING-UNIT~ REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE.
DENSITY WITHIN 20Z OF THE MEAN WITH 80Z CONFIDENCE.
CATEGORY < N -= 20) X s_
X
s N NflAT WITHIN
-~ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BETULA GLANDULOSA
TOTAL ALL SPECIES
1 I
1 I
0.5
0.5
5.0
5.0
20
20
820
820
5.00
5.00
WN
18
18
WNHAT
820
820
·-------·-·----·---·-·---· ----------1
-----j
i
----------·-------__________________ __j
I
BMS N=: 2 BN BNHAT I ---------------------------.1
5.00
5.00
1
1
820 i
__ a_2o ___ ,,
i
I
--------------------------------"
TABLEA~ MEANSr STANDARD ERRORSr AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS (1M2)
OF sr::LECn:n-STrRUB -BFE"I~I E!J I IHIIVI DUATLY. AND-COiiRI NED FOR -
SITE a. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
DENSITY WITHIN -20%-OFIHE··-MEAN-lr.l ITH --807.-CONFI DENCE ~ . ---.. -
C{l TEGORY < N ::: -·9 r-·· · · ·-------· --···--··x··-----···----···--··-·s_. ····-·--s
X
r}
~:-..
N NHAT
----------------------------~-----------------~---------------------------------
St~ll I X ALAXENS IS . ----·------·---· -----·--------9o-.----------3o + 0 -·-· 8100 + 0
f.d ... NUS SINUATf-1 6. 2 • 9 77. B
TOTAL ALL SPECIES 96. 28.0 7077.8
. . -·-·-·-. .... ~-. . .
4:1.
104
••.r r)
\.J.<.. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
.":
WITI .. IIN WN . WNH
....._
'
.. . -· -. . --
•••• "''' 00---"N ··---0000 .... --.... --0000 --........ OOoot-........ --0000 .... -0o00 o000 --................ -.... -........ 000o 0000 ............ ---........ --.................... 0o00 ..... -0000 .... 0000 ............ -----o000 0000 .... 00o0 ............................ --0000 .... --.. ...
TABLE AIZ MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS <1M2)
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
SITE 9• N IS THE NutiBEfC OF-SAMPLING ·uNITS.-THE ESTIMATED SAHPLE
SIZE <NHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAHPLE THE
DENSITY WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE,
-. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cf.1TEGDF\Y ( N = 11) X B_ s N NHAT ~JITHIN .. ··--··----------------·--···----------· .. ·-·-·---·--·-·-------··--:r
GtiL I X F'IJLCHF\(i 38. 8. 8 856.4 11 25
S(l L. I X Al...{lXf.::~i S 1: S -----------------------------"""-·-----15 ~---·--··-·7 • 2----·-.. 5l;7 ~3 ··-.... -· ------··1 c··------------98·-· -· -
TOTAL ALL SPECIES 54. 12.5 1725.5 11 25
f' ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
WN wm
--
TABLE AI~ MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS C1M21
OF SELECTED SHFW£t SPECIES INDIVIIIUALL Y MW COMBINED FOR TALil
oWILLOW TYPE1 N IS THE NUMDER OF SAMPLING UNITS, THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE CNHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
DENSITY WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80Z CONFIDENCE;
CATEGORY (N = 201 ·-x --·-----·s::·
X
2
s . N. NHAT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SALIX F'ULCHri A -21;·---······-'6;4-· 830;5 20 78
SALIX ALAXENSlS 49. 16.1 5156.8 20 88
liLNUS SINUAH1 3, 1. 4 40.8 20 2b8
TOTAL ALL SPECIES 73.-14;7 4346.!. 20 34
.... --------
WITHIN WN WNHAT
475.76 18 45 · ···nn-;3l;·· -~-----6Tr--
3915.J.5 18 67 27507.27 1 470
34.57 18 22l 152.78 1 1002
4104.26 18 32 8698 I 23 1 -----c;H--
---
·u1 V L. E Al.f t·l E f.l N S , S T AND At\ D E r:: F\ Cl f< S , MHI V A F.: I AN C E S F 0 F\ S T EM C 0 UN T S ( 11'12 )
OF !3ELEGTEif-8HRUf.i--SFEC I ES--1 tHil\JIDUt:iLL_T .. AND . COMB I NED "TOR------·-. --------.... ----··--··-----··-
SITE 12t N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE <NHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
DEHSITY lHTHlN -2·o:r.···oF-nlE "HEA"N--l.riTH ·so7.-CONFTDENCE· •... ·--...
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
")
"-·
Ui TEGDF<Y ... TN·::, .. 10·1--·---------·-x·-----------·---s_-· .. -----·· S ··-······ ........ ·-·-·-tr ...... ·-NHAr-·····wiTHIN . ww· .. WN
X
DETULJ1 Gl.r~NDULOSk··· -----------------------------26 ....... ··21.o··· 4426.7-10
SALIX PULCHRA 17. 11 •. 6 1334.4 10
SALIX lANATA 25. 20:8 4316.7 10
TOTM_ ALL ··sFECIF.s·---·--6-u~--------33-. 7---···TT373·. 3····. -----·--· ··-·-ro ·--
-"269
1 ,., ()
2B3
------·-tOT ..
---
f..
-------------------------------~----------------~---------------------~---------
TABLE AI' MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS <1M2>
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND -COMBINED FOR
SITE 13. N IS THE NDMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
DE N~\:i: 't'r·t,Jtt H liF ;yo:;c·or:--··rHE-fftf.1N ---~Jlnl 8 Oi! C OHF·t DE NCf~-.---· -.. . ........ ----.. ---···
<N ·-· 10) X s N
X
• . '
WITHIN ~JN v.JNH(.-11
--. --~---. -.. ----. . '" . ----. .. . -.. --. -.... -. . . .. --.. . ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TABLE AIJ MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS <1M2)
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
S'ITE"-'11 -. t-r IS --THE-NUMBER ·oF--SAMPl::H.fG 1JN ITS~ THE EST H1ATED SAMPLE
SIZE <NHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
DENSITY WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE •
.. ----· ······-. ---.. -·---···--·--· .. . . "" -··· --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2
Ct,TEGDF\Y < N .::: 9) X s N NHAT
X
l!ETUL?1 GLMHIULOSA 4b. 18.5 :~o77.a r; 61
Btll...lX F'UL.C.HR?1 .... -. _ .. __
. ..... ·---·-----·----·-··----34. 8 .A .. -627.8 9 '') ,.,
A:. A._
!)f.-,L.IX L.f.:1Nt-1T t-1 9 t 7.7 ! .
53b.:L 9 278
TDTt,L. (II ... I ... SPECIES 89. 20.6 3BU. :1. C' 20 t ., .. ··--. ---····-·-. ---·--------------· ---.. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
lHTHIN WN WNHA
,
, .
··-----.. --· ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TABLEAIB MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS <1M2)
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
\ . '
ST.Tt.""ST-rfi s···nu::--HUffrlEFCllF --t!AI1FL1NG-lJNI TS .---THE EST I l·HHErr· SM1F'lE------. ---------·----
SIZE CNHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
DENSITY WITHIN 20X OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE.
~·-<-···---~ ... ----·-------·-------------~--------------··---~-· ~~---··-·-· --.. .. ------··----·-·-.... ,.. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2
Lt1TEIJOF~Y <N '"" 10) X NHAT vJITHIN vJN
BETULA GLANDULOSA 81. 19.7 3898.9 10
f:) f~1l.. I X. P l.ll... C H Rf.l---·-----·-----·--··77~ --"24.6 -· (.;045.6 -:to
TOTAL ALL SPECIES 158. 30.0 8995.6 1.0
V..l
-. -
T (t b 1... E A I' l·il~ AN G , . S l A IHt t1 R (; E: I~ r·d) R B , . Ml[! V A IH AN C E t; FCH\ S T E H C 0 UN T S ( :1. 1-12 )
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
SITE 6. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
B I ?..E < NHf1T) I ~3 THE--HUH HER -~:w--·f:IAHFTING .. mn nr -RECW I RED TO Sr~MF'LE. THE.
DENSITY WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE.
CttTEGORY <N :::: 10} X N
X
---.------·-----·------·--··-·-·---.. -.
NHf1T
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BETULA GU1NDULOS(l 110. 19.4 3777.8 10 13
~; r~d .. I X F' lJ L. C H I~ A 1 <{ • 8.7 76~5.(> 10 87
r:;ttl... I X GLJ1UCt~l .. ·----. -------·--·· -----1 •... r.o 10.0 10 41.0
TDTf.:1l... (1 L L. SFECIES 130. 19.7 ;· :3888.9 :l(l :1.0
WITHIN WN WNHAT
----......1
T f.1 BL EA.la . ME1~1~~!:'r ;-ST ANT(AF<Ii-ERF:O Rs-,--AND VAf<TANCE S-F OT<. STEn COUNTs-· rrM2 Y --·····. -
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
SITE 7, N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE < Nl·fA ·rl ___ lTI-T~lE--NTJR FER-OF---sAMF'f.:ING--lJN IT g-~-EQlJI.J";:Efi T"D --s·At1P-LE" ___ TF1~----·---·-···--·-··--------~-------·-· --------------------· ·--
DENSITY WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE.
.. . ..... ··-·--·--------·-------------::-·---·-· ··--·---·-·-----·--·~:.--······ ..... -....... -..... -· ·-----..... -----------. .. ·-....................... ..
Cr~TEGOF\Y <N :::: 10) X s_ s N NHAT WITHIN WN WNI·
X
BETULA GLANDULOSA 53. 19.7 3867.8 10 ~i7
SALIX PULCHRA 16. 11.1 1226.7 10 197
~3 f.1 1... I X GL Pr U Ct.r . ---------·------T2-. ---7:-::r-·----~!12tr;·9 ---·-·-------------·-ro ---· --·--l.·s r-·····---· --········· ·· · ------------· ··
SALIX L.ANATA 53. 18.7 3512.2 10 52
TOTAL ALL SPECIES 134. 30.0 9004.4 10 21
__ .. __ ····-----------------------------------------------·--------------· -·,·-·--·· -. ·-··--···----·-···-·-----· ·-·-·-------·· ···--.... -----.. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0
I
'j
, I
'j
TABLE A~/ 11E.ANS, ST MHtARD ERRORS ;·-AIHI-VAR I ANCES FOR--STEWTOU1HS--C1 112) ------
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR«OPEN~~OW•DWARf
·BIRCH-WILLOW., N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS, THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE ( NHAT> IS THE NUI1BER OF SAMPLING UNITS --REQUIRED TO-SAMPLE-THE-
DENSITY WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH BOX CONFIDENCE,
CATEGOf\Y <N '"' 59)
BETULA GLANDULOSA
SALIX F'UL.CHI;:A
St'll .. IX GU1UCf1
SALIX LANATA
TOTAL ALL SPECIES
··-----·-------------------.,··---·-------------------------....
X s N
X
68. 9.4 5248.5 59
27. 6.0 215:'].3 59
--2~------r-;3-------104';'6 ------------'59"----------
15. 5.3 1677.0 5'7
112. 11.8 8177.5 59
--" ---···--·-... -----------
NHAT
47
121
762
324
27
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------
----·----···------------------------
·--·-··· ·-------------------
-----------------------------------------------
WITHIN WN WNHAT 1ms N= 6 BN BNHAT
4834.95 53 44 9632.27 5 86
1686.27 53 94 7127.59 5 397
---"93. 21 ''53-679 .:..25.56 5 lOll
1410.36 53 272 4503.10 5 869
7849.98 53 26 11649.21 5 39
~
------------------------------------.. ------e
(
l
l
,\
TABLE A~t-t11~·Ai:n3 ;-· ·s·fAtHil~Rif .. ER.RORs~--AtHi--vi\'RTANCE:s--FoR--t;=tti·f·e(J\HH~; · < rM";r>··----------·----------·---.. ------------·
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
-BITE 3• N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
DENSITY WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE •
CATEGDF:Y
.. ... ------··--·------------------··--· ----------------------------------...... -· . '1
<N ;::: 12) X S ....
X
C' ~)
,.,· ..
N NHAT
... ~. -~· . --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DALIX F'UL.CHRr~ 186. 50.6 •.· 30772.0 12 37
St-d .. IX FtL.f-lXENS I B 4. 4 "') . . ,. 208.~5 12 492
TDTr~1L FtLI:.. ~:!PE:CtES .. ····------1.90; 50.5 30ll54 t 5 12 ·-·--"35
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
WITHIN l~N MNHA
TABLE A~3 MEANS, STANDARD EkRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS <1M2l
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR OPEN LOW WILLOW
TYPE, N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS~-THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE-
SIZE CNHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
DENSITY WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE,
CATEGORY <N = 12)
S(iliX f'ULCHf\A
SALIX ALAXENSIS
lOTAL ALL SPECIES
X s_
X
186, 50.6
4.--··· ·-----4.2
190. 50.5
2
s
30772.0
208.3
30b54.5
N
12
12
1 ~)
NliAT l4ITHIN WN WNHAT
37 :30771 I 97
492 208,33
35 :50b54. 55
11 37
11 492
11 3:5
----·--·----------··-----------1
Bt1S N= 1 BN BNHAT
0 0 -o.oo
o.oo
0 I
-0 ------r--
0 1
---------------------------------------------------------------
TABLE AZ¥ MEANS, STA~DARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS (4M2)
DF SELECTED-SH~~ur~-gr,.E"C1 EB--1'ffDlV1IilJA-L['r--AND-COl·iB H-!Eii--FoR--·---------------·--------
SITE 10. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
DENSITY WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE.
-.... ----------------------------··----------------. -----------·-·-------------------
.... ,.,
.: ..
Ct~TEGOrd ------.. \1\f-~----TOT-----------y:---------·s::.: -----------s ------··-· -----· ----rr--·----· .. ---N H tiT------\~I IT HI N -· tim----,,J N
BETULA GLANDULOSA ---·---------------------79.-
SALIX PULCHRA 13.
SALIX GLAUCA 3.
TOT()L. (.~d.L sr=·l~CTt:s·----------· --------------95·.----
X
9.7 -936.4
5.9 344.~)
1 .·5 21.9
---14 ; 6' ---214 0 • 9
----·ro
10
10
10
---7-
8:t
100
10 .. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Tf.1BL.E ,4~5" t1Er-1N~), STMHIAt\D Ef\FWF.:s, AND VARIANCES FOF< STEf1 COUNTS <4l'i2)
DF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDU~1LLY MID COt-iBH!ED FOf;:
SITE 11. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE <NHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
DENSITY WITHIN-·2ot.·or--THE:.-f1EAtrtJITH-80/. --coNFIDENCE. .. ----------------------------
-----------------------------------------------~--------------------------------
C{1TEGDR'( ( N :.-:: 10 J ----X --.... ;:> __
X
s
BETULA GL.M~DUL DSA --·------.. ----:--·----------5 r;-·------12. 2 -----14 pl. T.
BETULA PAPYRIFERA 1. 0.5 2.5
~~~~1LIX GL~\\JC?1 3. 1 • 1 11.1
HiT f.1L. ALL. SPECIES--------------------54 • ------·-12 + 6 1589.2
N
----' ---1. 0
10
10
10
NHc~T
-----24
410
73
~JITHIN vJN WNHI
[
I
I
' \ ;-/"'' -·-
ll TriBLE AZ" MEANS, STAtHIAr\D ERRORS• AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNJS. <4M2) .
,OF SELECTED SIHWB SPECIES IIHIIVIDUALL Y AND COMBINED FORfWOODLAND BLACK£.
WHITE SPRUCE TYPE, N IS NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS, THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
_. SIZ~-~~~~!.~~) IS THE IWNBER OF SAMPLING UNITS RE_Cl_U!_~~--T_O_S~~~-LE_T_H_E ______ -··· .... -·· ....
DENSITY WITHIN 20Z OF THE MEAN WITH 80Z CONFIDENCE,
2
CATEGORY ( N '~ 20) x s_ s N NHAT WITHIN WN WNHAT BI1S N= 2 BN BNHAT ... --·-·-·--·-----·"·"-"/("'"-.......... ,. ____ .. ___________ , __
ItETULA GLANDULOS?I 6"' .Jo 8.2 1351.7 20 1. 4 1209.03 18 12 3920.00 1 39
~I
.• !
BETULA F'AF'YRIFE.f;;A -----· "0 ..... 0.3 .. .. L r----------· 20 · 820 1.25
SALIX F'ULCHRA 7. 3.2 209.4 20 196 172.26
SALIX GLAUCA 3 • 0.9 1!5. 7 20 86 16. ::i3
TOTAL t-cLL SPECIES 74. --· 10. 5 2214.7 20-17 1865.03
18 .... 820 -----------·r>25---1.--a2o--
18 .• 161 an .at 1 a2o
18 'i'O 1. 25 1 7 '
18 14 ---8507tB1 ____ 1 64 -.,).;
4
"I , ..
I . ~ -···· ·-·----·-·---------·------·-----··-·-------·---------···---··· --·-·-.. '" --------·-----·-----·--------·-·----···---·-·-·--·-· --------·--.. -----------l
I
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------TABLE A21 MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS (4M2)
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
SITE 14~--N-Ts ·n·IE-·Nllf'lBER OF-·SM1F'LING UNITS. THE ESTit1ATED SAI'IF'l..E
SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
DENSITY WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE.
-···--------------------------------------------------------------------· --------·-------· -.. -. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2
li _ ; :; ~:; :: ~ ~ ~;, ~; ~:; ~ •• -~: ~---··---~ •• --~; ~ :·---~-=; :~;:.~_::; ~ :~:;-= = .:= -~---~.:;; ~-.:=--.. -::;: W l THIN
'-----sAL I X F' U L C H R f.s -... ----------------:-----2-;----··---·T; ~------4 0 -.--<1 ·------·--:-r o---------·------4 :t 0 -----·---
1 TOTAL ALL SPECIES 159. 28.1. '7884.8 10 13
I --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
WN WNHA'
~ .. -------··----·-_. __ ·-· ·--~ -.... _ ...
----·-· ------·-·----------
\
./
·----· -·-------·--·--~--.. -·-···--------------------------·-· -----~------
' --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TABLE A%1 MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS <4M2>
\ OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
------------------~---·--··-··----------------------····-----·---
SITE 15. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
G I ZE ( HHAT) TS -TilT.:-NURBER-OF--Sr-iHPLilrG ... UHI TS REQUIRED ro· ·sr-iHPLE THE------
[1 E N S I T Y W I T H I N 2 0% 0 F T H E t1 E AN W I T H 8 0% C 0 N F I DEN CE •
Cf.HEDOf~Y <N "" 10) X s_
X
C' ~l
'1 -.
"-
N NHAT
................................................ -.... --.... ·· ............ -.......... :.: :::: -=-~ .:; .::. ~.: :::.:::-..:::.--::.: -.:.: ~ · ........ -........ ..:. .... ---............ --........ ---........ -:: .. · ................ --........ -~ .................... ··-:.: -............ .: .... ..
DETULf-1 DLt,NDULOSA 147. 17.8; 3166.7 10 7
SALIX PLJl...CHRt, 15. 9.6 <f17.3 10 162
TDTf-1L f-1LL SPECIES------·---------------------·r 6 2 · ;----14 • ;s· 2099.7 to· 4.
WITHIN WN WNHr-
-
TABLE Al9 MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES. FOR STEM COUNTS (4M2)
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES-INDIVIDUALLr AND COMBINED FOR
SITE 18. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE <NHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
DENSITY lr..IITHIN 207. OF--iHE--T1EtiN WITH". 80% CONFIDENCE-.---
C?HEGOHY · < N --:::----1 oT ----------------·-·x···---------·· -------s_ -----------------·s -------------- -W ------·· m·l ~~ T -WITH I N -W N --w N H A
X
BETULA G L t·; N D UL 0 S ~i -------·--·-· ·--.. ---· --··-------45. ···------9. 6. ----916.4 "10 19 ---
!3f.iLTX F'ULCHf~A <{. 3 • 1 r 93.1. 10 45
SALIX l..f.1NATf.1 38. 11.9 1406.7 10 40
TOTAL (:, L L. SPECIES ---·-·---. --·--··-·-·-9"' .. 18.8 3527.8 10 1!3 "" .
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------f
-----·------------· -----.. --·-···--·--·· ~----~-·-·--~---··-·-·--------.. -----------~------·--~ ,~~----
TABLE AjO MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS1 AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS (4M2)
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
SITE 19. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE --------------------------·-·--.... _ .. _____ ·-----. --.. ·--------
···------·-· -----·------·---------~---·-.. -----.. -· ------------------------·--·----··-· ----·--··
SIZE <NHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
DCN£11 tY--iHfffHf_2_o%---oF-THE-·tTE7iNWTTFiir07.-c·Q"Nr.'TDE~JCt:·;---------------.. -·-------.. --.. ---·-----.. -------------··-·-----------
-2
C?!Ti::Gor.:Y·--·---li-r-=--TOT---------x--·-----------·s:.--------·-·s·------------------------lr-·-·--NHAT--wlTHIW---ww--·-wNH·AI
BETULA GLANDULOSA
!3td ... IX F'ULCHr:A
TOTAL ALL SPECIES
X
-....... -----------------·----4~5. ---------T6. 7 --2778.9
17. 9.2 854.2
60. 15.8 2492.3
10
10
10
12~i
29
·------·-·--------------·-·-------··-------------------------
' ·!
I -···
!
TABLE A31 MEANS; STANDARD ERRORS, --AND-VARIANCEs-·TuR-STEt1-COUNTS,-<4M2l-,._,: ......
• <JF .. SEI.zE:G:lED SHHUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR {WOODLANri 'BLACK:]
SPRUCE TYP~. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO-SAMPLE-THE-
DENSITY WITHIN 20Z OF THE MEAN WITH BOZ CONFIDENCE,
CATEGORY · < N "" 40 > X s_ s N NHAT
X
------·--·-·---··---------------------------------------------------------------------------------BETULA GLANDUL.OSA 98. 12. ~; 6228.1 40 27
SALIX PULCHI~Ii 11 • 3,4 474.2 40 167
SALIX LANATA 10 .--------3. 9 -602.3 40 ·---274
TOTAL ALL SF'ECIE!J 118. 11.9 5672.8 40 17
. -··-----····-···--· --------------···
----------------------------------
WITHIN WN WNHAT DMS N= 4 BN BNHAT
3476.42 36 15 39247.71 3 168
4'76.16 36 167 450.16 3 158
351.67 36 160--------------'361o•-oo·--:3---ro-:s<r---
4001..16 36 12 25731.82 3 76
----------------------:---------------------------------------------------------·-------------------::---.--
~
~
I
. '
TABLE All MEANSv STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS (4M2)
OF EL:::LE::CTE:U-HHI~UB SPECIE::.-; INDI\/IDCJt,LT'( -r~ND COMBINED--FOF~
SITE 16. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
DEN ~:3 I T Y I_,J IT H J ~f 2 0 ~{. () F T I-! E: i'l E t\l'l -I,JI T H 8 0% CD N F I :0 [ N C E ;
'(N ::::·-:1.0)-·
I.! E T U L. f.1 Ci l_ t, N 1:1 U L D S t-1 .. ---. ---. -------..... . . ··-··-.
s,:·,L_IX F'UL.CH!~:A
l_'j.
I +
-
r)
~. (o
1 +
x·
A.O
:1. + 8
1 • 0
,.,
h.·.
160. :L
:30t6
10.0
.................... ··:· ........ ··-··--":··· ... ; ................. -·· ........ --· .......... "'" ..... .
N
tO
:t. ()
:l.O
f.)6
4:1.0
4:l0
~ ...... ·····--·-~3~'-
WITHIN 1.~-!N
/
I .
I '
···· • E I ,-A3., · < r·· " !·' r• ,., ··r· '" · '1' • f' I r:· I" 1·· -, I:· r· ' ~I r· 1) • f' '[ " ~~ C E r• 1··· -· r. r T 1·-). · C ~) U · 1··-'"' f " · ~ ~l ' I H ·\ -· r.:. .::> i'11;. h ·'! ~l !' .;:) d N .I Fl •: I c:. < .-·: i...1 r•: ;j ~ J-i 1\ 1..l , i··i •: . 1··1 p, · w ·· U r•. ;j ~-d '· f\ I ;;> , """ f· 1 ..:.. )
OF ~3EI~ECTEI:i .. i3HF:U£-: ·s·F"ECJC!3--INDI\JIDUtiLl...'( ~~,Ni.< COl·iBINE:O FOF: ..
SITE 17. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE <NHAT) IS T.iE NUMDER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
DENS IT'f -v.JI TH I N 2 0 X 0 F T HE .. l-·"\ Ef-1 1"--!" ~JI nr 8 0% -CD N F I DEN C [ ~ ..
C(iTEGOF:Y
BETULA PAPYRIFERA
TOTAL ALL SPECIES
X
j_ -.-- . . . ' 0-t ~i
1 <· 0 + ~;
s
2 (• 5
2 t-~::.;
:1.0
:1.0
-NH?iT -·
-.... 410 -
4:1.0
\~ITHIN ~JN
'·~
·-, .. ···----·---·-·------------------"''--~' _·..;.:.•·.._:..
...
··I
::1!.-..
,,
,,
.. I
.
TABLE AJ1 MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS <4M2)
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINEU-FO~~PEN MIXED-
SPRUCE-BIRCH TYPE, N IS NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS, ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE <NHATl IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
DENSITY WITHIN 20/. OF TliE MEAW.WITH"-807. "CONFTDENCE.------.... ·--···-----··--
2
CATEGOHY <N "" 20> ·· · ---x···----·---·--s·.:----··-· - -s · · · ·· --·---· --· ·-· N--·
X
• ----·rtETULA GU!NDULOSA
'' BETULA PAPYRIFERA
-----------4-;-··--------2-; 2-----""96"; (J"------·--·-20 --------206" ----so. 03
o. 0.3 1.3 20 020 1.25
: ( SALIX f'ULCHRA 1. 0.9 15.3 20 820 15.31
~j ALNUS.SINUATA
TOTAL ALL SPECIES
-·-T-;--··-··o·~-s-·-------s-;o·--· ---··--21l·-----u2o-----::;. oo ·
6. 2.4 119.3 ' 20 136 92.36
1a --·17z----aZtBr 1 82o-
18 820 1.25 1 820
18 820 15.31 1 820
18"-820 ;;,,oo 1 8..!0
18 106 605.00 1 689
'"
TABLE A3~ MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS <4M2)
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
SITE 8; --w-rs· -THE--NUffBER -oF--SA"flF'LING-UN ITs-~---THE ESTIMATED .. SAriF'LE ----
SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
DENSITY WITHIN 20/. OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE.
<N = 10> X
2
s
---------------------------------------------------------····x··-----~----------·-··-· --------------
N NHAT
BETULA PAPYRIFERA 3. 2.1 42.3 10 230
WITHIN WN WNH~
!3 ?1 L I X -P U L C H R A-------------------r-;-----<r;u-------5 ~-6 ---------------ro·----------41:-o·---·------·-·---------'-·---------------
SALIX ALAXENSIS 53. 9.2 845.6 10 13
ALNUS SINUATA 12. 4.3 189.0 10 57
----·· 1'0 i A C. 'ATL!:rFt-cn::r------l;a. ro-;-r---rozo·;~------------T o---------·-·····1 o··--·------· · ··· · ····-· ··· ··----------
it'
I . .. "' ·---------
·--·-----·--·----------------------
TABLE A3.~ MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS <4t12)
D j::·· fH::lEc·i;·E"if·-slmlHI-SP E C J E S 1 tHI I V t D IT!-tl.:IY---~ii-fii'"c·o fH:i rN trlt-0 R --·-------
SITE 9. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE <NHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
DENSITY WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE.
' -------·--··--·---------------
s .. N
---------------------------------------------r----------------------------------BET lJ L r.t P tt P Y RIFE R A .. ---·--------------------·-o·~----------
SALIX PULCHRA 23.
SALIX ALAXENSIS 28.
t1l... t,l U S S I N U r.t T A
TOTAL ALL SPECIES
2.
52.
0.3 ,.
4.7
8. 1.
1. 8
11.0
--· ~ -~ 0.6 "'"10 ... .. 410
222. ~.~ lO ··:~.n
653.4 10 :~5
:10 + 6 10 4:1.0
1199.2 10 lB
-· ...
TABL·E /U7 t·IEttNS, STANDARD ERF:ORS, AND VARIANCES FOR STEt-1 COUNT~:; (4t-\2)
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR TALL
WILLOW TYPE, N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS, THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE <NHATl IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
DENSITY WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE,
2
CATEGOF:Y <N = 20) X s..:. ---s N
X
BETULA f' A F'YF: IF Er\ ?1 2 t 1.0 22.0 20
SM .. IX F'UL.C HI~{, J. 2. 3.4 232.4 20
Sr.tLIX rtUtXENSIS 40. 6.6 877.8 20
ALNUS SINUAH1 7. 2.6 130.3 20
TOTAL. ALL SPECIES 60. 7.5 1121.6 20
UHAT
401
71
23
118
13 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
WITHIN WN WtH-IAT
21.46 18 391
11:3.?2 lB 35
74fl. 48 lf.l 19
10'1.79 18 9'1
1112.85 18 13
.•
ItMS N"' · 2-BN · · BNHAT-····
31.25
2:36::!.31
31B7.81
500.00
1280.00
1
1
1
1
1
569 .. -
717
81
4:50 -·--
13 ....._
~--·
~
I .. I" i • ~-1 i ,. !
'" r ' ' f' ;
i. !
; • f
i ' I.,'
~ f ~ . t_.;
'j> '
\ '
·-----·--·-----------------------------·--· ----------·· -----------·---·----------------·-----···---------···-------------. . --------------------------------------------------------------------------------TABLE A3E ~1EANS, STANDARD ERI:O.:ORS, AND VARIANCES FOR STEt1 COUNTS <4M2)
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
!H ll~ -:1.2 ...... N'-1-s· 'THE ___ NUM'I~ E R -·oF·-s·AHPL IN'!JUNTTs-;----l'HE ESTI M ATED'-SAMPLT:: ___________ _
SIZE <NHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
DENSITY WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2
<N :::: 1.0) X s_ s N NHAT ---------------------------------------------------------------------·-----x-------WITHIN
1 . BETUU1 GL.ANDUL.OSA 52. 13.9 19:1.8.3 1.0 30
W~ WN
t ·· Sf.1L I X F'Ul..CHi~r.~·------·7-. ------1.7 --:ro-;:r----------1-o·------------2-l) __________ --------------
1~-St,LIX GL.AUC?l 4. 2.-2 47.5 10 122
~~-,.----···-~?•L!X ___ ~-_AN_01.~---___ 15. 7.:7 590.3 10 108 . [ ~ ~:: ~ ~-~ ~ ~-=~::: :: ~-~-.... -----------::-~ ~ ~ .. -----~=~ ~-==::: ~ ~ =-~-=-~~=·:_~-~ ~~~ ==: .::~=~-:~------. -·· -------\;.;
··------·----·-----···--______ , --------···-··-·· -~
---···-----·--------.. ··----.. ·-··-----····--·····----
TABLE A-31 MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOI~ STE11 COUNTS (41'12)
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
SITE 13. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE <NHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
DENSITY WITHf~~OX-OF-THE-~EAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE.
( N '"' . 10) . .. .. . .. -... . . . .. X ..... s_
X
s N
BETULA GLANDULOSA .... .... --··--· -----· ----· -·-··-----·-..--:! 8 ~------·--··T2~9·· .. ··:[653 .• 4. 10 ..
BETULA PAPYI\ I FERA '1 ,. 1 c-•'-l '1'1 r.:'
If,;..,. .... .J 1.0
Sr~LIX F'ULCHRA 6. 2.0 41.9 10
S~1L I X GLAUCf-1 -·--·--··-----· .. 4. 4.0 158.4 1 o·
TDT(il. ~':) L.L BPECIES 50. 1. 4. :1. :1.97B.9 10
·' • ·r
NHAT WITHIN WN WNHAT
. "48---
410
4B
~560
34 ..........._
w
---·------~·-
f-.
Tf-iBL.E A¥.0 t1EANS7 .. S'f"AfHiAIHi--E:RF-:ORS-, AND--VARIANCES FO-R BTEI·i COUNTS <4~12}
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
SITE 4. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
!:! I ZE < NHAT)-IS THE--NUMHER--OF ·sAftFClNG-U~H TS ·r~EQU I RED TO ·sAMPLE -THE __ _
DENSITY WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE.
2
<N = 11> X s_ N
X
NHAT WITHIN WN
---------------·~---------------· -----------------------------------···· -----..... ···-· ------· --------------------... ------------... --------------------------------------------------------------------------------BETULA GLANDULOSA 53. 8.4 779.3 11 12
SALIX PULCHRA 45. 11.0 1340.6 1:1. 2B
!:!r~L I X LANAT ti ______ ----------·---------·-6--. ·---------3-~3 --. ---123·; 0 -··· ----· -------· ·n:------------T2s·· ---------
TOTAL ALL SPECIES 104. 11.7 1503.0 11 6
-----------------------------------------------r---------------------------------
WN
I .
I
I' I . , I . :
; 'I! I :-1, ..
I ,
i ·, j
...
. ~-------~----------------------------------"'----------~l.: ---------------
TABLE AL// t·1E ANS, st MH1 M~ti-E:Fd~Cl r-:s··; -AND V MU: ANtES FOR STEl'1 CDUNH:> ( 4 ~i2) --... -...
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
SITE 5. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE: < NHATT-TS-THE"tWMBER-·-oF·-·sf:il1F'CI NG ·-uNITS REQUIRED To--SAMPI.:E--THE·-----------------------------···-···-···--··
DENSITY WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE.
CATEGClf\Y <N = 10> X s N NHAT lHTHIN :~ I
I:: L____ . -------------------------------------------------------------~----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------· .. ~. . --------------------------------------------------------------------------------! , .. ,
: c ~
(C~
,.-
BETULA GLM~DULOSA ao. 11 + .6 1340.0 10 9
SALIX PULCHF~A 55. 20.1 4025.b 10 56
!3AL :t X GLAUCA ---------·-------L-------------·o~--5 ·----.... .. 2.5 TO '"410
TDTAL ALL SPECIES 135. 19.5 3820.1 10 9
---------------·-. ---------________________________ ..:...._· --------------------------------------------·-----------·· ---------------·------~·--------~-------·--·--"-
i .
'H:tBL.E A'/2.. MEM~S; "STAND ARii -ERf\ORS ., A ND-V ARI ANCES-F Of\ STEt1 ·coUNTS -<4M2) .. -....
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOf\
I SITE 6. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
I .
~ . tl J. ZE ( NHAT) IS .. THE "NUMBER---OF SAMFCTNG--lJNITs· REQUIRED-TO -·sr..t1PtE·--n~c------·---_ ......... ____ --·------------------
DENSITY WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE.
' I •
Cf.~TEGOF\Y <N = 10) X NHAT WITHIN WN WNH
X l; ; ... ----.. --------------· ---·-·--------------------------------------·--·-------------------------------·----------.. --------------·----·----------------
1'1 -------------------------------------------~------------------------------------
' r l BETULA GLANDULOSA 80. 15.8 2509.0 10 16
~. SALIX PULCHRA 25. 7.2 519.4 10 35
~~·/ . "''fDTAL-AL[""SF·EC! E·tr··-·-···-----------T(}5·;----rb-.--6·-·-·--2759 ;·o ·-·---.. -----r-o-·--------------Tl ______ .
TtllH.E A'-/3 hEANS, BTANDt.,RD ERRORB, MID VARIANCE~; FOI:;; STEH COUNTS <41·12)
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
SITE 7. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
DENSITY WITHIN. 20!-0F-THE-MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE.
Ct1TEGOHY X s N
BETULc~1 GLtiNDULOSA-... ··-·· --·-·-__ ...... 34. ... 8.5 725.3 10
St~L.IX PULCI·H:;;A 18. 8.1 66::~.2 10
SALIX G LJ1 U C r.1 6. 2.6 68.1 10
S f:ll_ I X Lt)NAHI ···----·-··· --·--· 45 •.. 14.9 2231.7 10
TOTAL ?1LL SPECIES 102. 12. 4. 1535.3 10
NHAT WITHIN WN. -wNH~
2.!>
84
8~5
47
7
I
I
'
"i
::\' ..
"I
C<!
'I
TABLE AI/.'{ MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS <4M2)
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY-AND COMBINED FOR OPEN LOW DWARF
BIRCH-WILLOW, N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS, THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
DENSITY WITHIN 20/. OF THE MEAN" WITH 130% CONFIDENCE,------------------; : ,~---·
i. 2
' ,--CATEGORY <N 61) ---------·-x··--------g·---------~----------------y-·----NHAT --··wiTHIN" WN--WNHAr--BMS~=---lliJN"---aNHr.n--1: l . ; x u
\.:_', ----·--------~------------.... -------------------------·-----------------------.... -----------.... --------------------
·r·~--BE:TULA-GLAtHtULOSA --------57i, ·5; 3 ----1683,3 ------61------23 --1474,67 --55 ----·2o·-------"'3978;-7u--s---5r--
BETULA F'M'YRIFERA O, 0.2 3,7 61 2499 3.68 55 2495 3.76 5 2549
SALIX PULCHf\A 26, 4,7 1355,3 61 81 1107,66 55 66 4079,80 5 243
l SALIX GLAUCA 2, 0.9 47,0 61 341 45,25 55 329 65.82 5 478
SALIX LANATA _____ 1~--~4---~97, 9 61 241 4~~-~~--55 ~7____ 3049,67 5 1052
TOTAL ALL SPECIES 96, 6.8 2807,7 61 13 2299.66 55 11 8395.97 5 38
1":~.----· -------:...::.::. :.::.: ;: ;~-.:.;::-::::: .:· ::::·:::: .:::--.: ----.:·.:-:-:-::: -~-::-::::.: ::-.-::· ----------------=--::= ;.--::· ------= _-_-_ =-..:·::·::-.::::-::.-..:-::-=-:.:-=-..:-•• --=~ ..:·::----·--------------------------------------
1
'·I ~~--:t:::.. .... :·
t
-------------------------------··--·-----· --------------......... ---------·-···--·-------------··-------............. ·-·-········ ... -········· .. ,\
TABLE AL/5' "i'1E:Al~s·; ··s t AHttllRIY--E~RfH)RS--;---AND --QAF{lAN CEs·· FOR ·sr EM COUNTs--(4 ~-i 2 )--------·. -------·---. ----·---··-------.. ---------------
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
SITE 3. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
E l ZE ( NH1~ l) t s··-·rHr-NUHitER--m::'·--sAHF·Ln.m··--uN ITS. REQU :t RED. TO .. SA11F'LE "THE ----------------------------------... -· -----------------
DENSITY WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE •
.... .. ... -------------------------=-----------·-·-----------------2 .. --------. ... -----------------.. ---·
CATEGDRY 9) X s N NHAT \rJITHIN V..IN
X
--.... ·-----------·--·-· ----------------~-----·-·-···-··------·· ·----·-···-·---·-·· ·--------·-· . ---------·-· ·----·---------· ·-·-------·--·---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------SALIX PULCHRA 116. 31.0 8653.3
SALIX ALAXENSIS 6. 4.5 17 11.9
------.. TOTAL ALL SPEC I Es·-------------------------r23-;--------·--·3o-;-4-,~-----a3 2'4-~T-
9
9
27
181 .............. -·9·------------------·-· '23 ________ ....
-----------------------------------------------~--------------------------------
SALIX F'ULCHRA r:r· ---SAL I:CAlAXF:NSIS
. TOTAL ALL SPECIES
116. 31.0 8653.3 9
---· --·6';--------11-;-s·· -----179--.rr--------.. ·7--· ·
123. 30.4 8324.1 9
---·------·-----------·----------
WITHIN
27 8653.30
'181"--179.86
23 8324.13
WN WNHAT B~iS N= 1 I!N ItNHAT
8 27 0. 00 0 1
8-181------------=o-·;oo------o----o--
8 2:5 0. 00 0 1
.. . .. -----··--· ·----··----.. -··--·---·---------------·-·---·--·-· -· ... --.... -··-· ··---·--· ····-·-··--·-·-·-····-···· ···----· ·····--· ....... ··-·····---·---
----------·--·--
• •··-----·O.W·-·-------·--·-----··----------·-·-·· ---•·• ••• -·•••• ••• ""--o •+ --------·· "•• +• ----------· ·--.---· --• ·--•• --------------------------------------------------------------------------------TABLE A~7 MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS (10M2)
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY ANQ COMBINED FOR
SITE J. 0. -·--· trrs--TFIE"'-NtJMBER-OF-l3AflF'LING._Ul~ ITS~-. 'THE-l:.ST I ll~':j TED. s·AMF'f.:.E .. ··-------....... ··--····
SIZE <NHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
DENSITY WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE.
. . . --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CATEGDf\Y (N '= 10)
BETULA GLANDULOSA
t!tll .. I X F·ULCHR{f ......... -..
f:itll_ I X GLt-1UCA
TOTAL ALL SPECIES
X s_
-·-···-·---· ... X.
78. 13.5
C' ;:)
2
1819.8
-------s~-------3~·1··-----·--· 95·; o
2. 1.6 24.9
84. 15.l. 2272t9
--------·------. ------·-----. ---------. ---·-·--... -
N NHAT
10 L<;
· ----·----1 o···-··· ·· --.... 1. iS 3 -
10 255
10 14
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
WITHIN WN WNH
TABLE A~f MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS (10M2)
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
!;ITE 11. ··-N ·rs-THE .. NUHBEF\-OF-S(-Jt·1PL-ING ··uNITS.-THE ESTI!"lATED SAf,PLE
SIZE <NHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UN1TS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
DENSITY WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE •
•• • • -----···-·--------· ____ 4 ____ ----~-------~ ~--·· ·-·-···---•• --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
C{lTEGOf\Y <N "" 10) X s .. s N NHAT ··---------·---··---------·--·--·---·--·-·· ---··-·· ·--··---·----x-··--
BETULA GLANDULOSA 44. 12.3 1521.6 1.0 32
BETULA PAF'YIUFE:RA________ ·--r~-----·---o.s···--· ---··z~5 -· - -· ·· -----·1 o·· -· ·----·· -·----., 1 o ···
SALIX PULCHRA 1. 0.9 8.1 10 43.0
t1AI...IX GLAUCA 2. 0.6 4.0 10 2 11
ToT t1L f.1LL s n::c :r n.> ----·-··-------------· --·-·· ... AE! ;···-------11-~7 --· :t359 .7 · :1.0' -------·'25---··
WITHIN WN WI
-----.......... ---.... ·-------------------------·----------
-----.... ----~ -------------------------------.. :. .:.; --_:.::: .. : ..:; :.:. :... -::..-=..-==--_-..;=:.. :: : .. ,_·;:-.:;.::--..:--.:::----------------:.:~...:; .. :. ;; -------
TABLE Alf? t\EAt·IS, SHIIWARII ERRORS, MID VARIANCES FOR STEt1 COIJtHS (10M2)
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AHD COMBINED FOR WOODLAND BLACK-.:
1-liJHITr SPRUCE"IYPE;-N IS NUMBER' OF:>AMPLING-UNITS ,---THE ESTIMATErr-SA'MF'tE
. SIZ~ <NHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
DENSITY WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE,
---~---·---. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2
CATEGORY <N "' 20) x s_ s NHAT ·----------x-----------·---.... --·-·--------
BETULA GLANDULOSA 61. 9.7 1872.8 20 21
BETULA F' A F· Y F; IF' E l~o'< o.------------0. 3 ----1. 3 20. 820
Sf<LIX PULCHf\fo 3. 1. 6 53.0 20 259
Gf;LIX GLAUCA 2. o.a 13.7 20 117
TOH1L ALL SPECIES --66 ;·--------'10; 2--2067;:S· 20 20
.',
WITHIN 14N WNHAT B~IS N= 2 BN BNHAT
1670.70 18 19 5511.20 1 61
1.25 18 820 · r~ 25 1 '820 ___ _
51.54 18 252 so.oo 1 390
14.47 18 123 0. 80 l. 7
1816.29 18 17 ·6588.45·--1 .. -6-2---
. . ... ·--... ----.. ----.. -...... -----·-··---.. ------.---.... --------------------------------------------------------------------------------TABLE A50 MEANS, STANDARD ERI:;:DRS, AND l)ARIANCEG FOR GTEM COUNTS (10M;.~)
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
SITE 14, N IS THE NUMBER UF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
GIZE <NHAT) IS THE NUHBEf~ OF SAMPLING UNITS f~El1UIRED TO S~t~lF'L.E THE
DENSITY WITHIN 20% OF THE HEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE.
2
<N = 10) X S_ s N NHAT WITHIN
...... . ... -----··----·-·----.. ---------··· -----...... ..-........ -X .... --..
BETULA GLANDULOSA
Bttl..IX PULCHRtt
TOTAl ALL SPECIES
97.
13.
l.10.
14.6
1.3.1
15.7
2:L2'7.l
1.'716.:1.
2466.3
10
10
10
10
410
9
WN WNH
T,-:1ItLE AS/ MEANS; STANDARii-ERFWRs·,-AND VARIANCES FOf< STHl COUNTS <10t'l2)
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
SITE 15. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
BIZE <NHf1T)-IS THE NI.HiBER--OF SAMPLING UNITS f~EQLJif.:ED TO Sf.1MF'L.E THE
DENSITY WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE,
-<N "" 10) X s_
X
C' ;:)
2
-----........ 0000 0000 -0000 ..................... 0000 0000 0000 0000 .... 0000 0000 ................ 0000 -0000 - - -..... 0000 .... 0000 -0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 .... -... 0000 0000 .... 0000 ........ -0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 .... 0000 0000 0000 0000 ..... 0000 0000 OOo0 ..... 0000 ............ -.... MOO ....... 000o .... Oo.O .... 0000 0000
BETULf.1 GLANDLJLOSA 121. 19.0 3619.6 10 l:l.
'· ~;; r., L. I)( PUI...CHr:r., 29. 16.2 2620.4 10 126
TOT?tL ALL SPECIES .. . --·. ·--·· .. -150; ·-·-"18. 1 3285.5 10 6
WITHIN WN WNHf
,
i'-.
-----------------------------------·--·· ----------------------·---·-.. ---... ----------------------··------------··-
l()BLE A5l MEAt-IS, STMHIARD EEr~ORS, AND VARIANCES FOH STEti COUNTS < 10t·12)
OF SELECTED-SHRUB ·sPECIES --INDIVIDUALLY-AND COMBINED FOr~
SITE 18. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE <NHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
DENSITY l.JI TH Iff 207. OF THE-t1Ef.\l~ . WITH 80% CONFIDENCE.
2
-<N -£--1 o-r-·-----------x--·---------·---·-·s·:.:.··------·---··s -------·
X
·------w· ·-----NHf.1T----WITHIN t..lN---W
BETULt~ G L. ?1 Nil UL OS t;, ... ~·· . --·-··----·· ~-·· ··-· ·--~·----·-"7"7 ··-. . 4. 9 . 238.3 10 10 -·
-..J \.J •
~:; '"' L. I >< FUL.CHRA 18. .... • rt 620. n 10 76 I 7
Ht1l... IX L.MU1T~1 8. 3.2 102.0 10 61
~' .
TClT(:,L. ALL. ~:WECIES 1::'("'
,J ' • 11 .8 138:1. • 6 :lO 17
----------------------------
Hd:H_ E A.$'.~ t-1 E AN S , S T AND Af~ D E r-: FHl f.: S , AND t) A F\ I AN C E S F 0 r-: S T D1 C 0 UN T S < 1 0 ~~ 2 )
OF BI~LEC rrn-BHR1JirSFECI ESJ.1HITO-r UUf.iCCT ___ AND···coMB IT~ ED "T-01\---------------------------------------------
SITE 19. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE CNHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
DF.:J~SITY-WITHIN 20%--nF-THE--HEAW-\JTTW 80% CONFIDENCE.
2
-----··c ---
\.) .... s --N-NHAT ----WITHIN-WN --mHH
X
----------------------------------~---------------------------------------------BETULA Glf.tNDULOSr-i·-----------------------------48 ;· ---------lo-~8 ---1 :1.61.. 5
E til .. I>; P lJ L. C H I~ ~~ 9 • :3 • 8· :1. 4 1 • 4
TOTAL ALL SPECIES 57. 11.5 1321.8
----·-·-----~--------------------··--~-------· ···----·--~·-··----· . -. -
---10 -
10
10
.. -2 :l -
0:1.
l.7 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
;; I
·I
,, I
..
.. :
"' I ··-
• !
'I
'I
'i ·.I
, I
"-..\. . (
TABLE A~'( MEM~S, STM~DARD ERRORS, AND -vARIANCEs--FOR STEM COUtfTS <10t12)
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR!WOODLAND BLACK I
/SPRUCE TYPE, N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS, THE E~TIMATED SAMPLE
'-srzc--<NH,~,T) IS THE NU~IBH\ OF-SAI1PLING-IJNITS-REQUIRED TO SMlPLE THE
DEt~SITY WITHIN 20/. OF TilE MEAtl WITH 80/. CONFIDENCE.
~------------------·---2·----.
CATEGORY (N --' 40) x s._ s N NHAT
X -. ··-·. ·-··-· --... ---··---------·----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
£1ETUU1 GLtil·l DULD G ?t 75. 8.6 2954.9 40 22
SALIX F'ULCfjEf', 17. 5.6 1237.7 40 170
SALIX LMIAHl 2. 1 I 0 36.8 40 350
TOTAL ALL SPECIES 'i'4 I 9.3 3484.0 40 17
--·----~---· -------------------· ---
WITHIN WN WNHAT BMS N= 4 BN BNHAT
1786.6:5 36 14 16974.09 3 125
1274.71 36 175 793.00 3 109
25.50 36 243 172 I 23 3 1639
2113.78 36 10 19926.57 3 93
---------------------------------------
~ ··--t-t
..
T(UtLE A$'5MEANS, STANDAf\D ERfWRS, AND VARIANCES FOf\ STEM COUNTS (10M2)
0 F . SELECT E u-~-srm UB .... SP r::.:·c1 E f:l!TfUTlJTii ITA"lrr--r., N n·--c 0 MB 1 N En-FUR"---------·--·-
SITE 16. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE CNHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
DENSITY WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE.
---·--------· --------
---------· ------------·-·---·-·---------·----·--·-
·s-=..-.. ----s ·--·--·---···------·--·--1r--
X
BETULA GLtiNifUCo-E>A ·;·r-· ----.,7-;u--o----~1>'2
BETULA PAPYRIFERA 1. 0.7 4.8 10 311
SALIX PLJLCHHA 1. 0.6 3.7 10 2~5'9
f.1 L NUS S I H U td' (i ----·---·-· .... ··---------·---·-....... 2-;-. ··--··--·-1 • 9 ... -.. . .. 3 5 • 3 . ··· 1 o· 2 7 4 ·· ------------.... -·
TOTAL ALL SPECIES B. 3.7 138.8 10 94
--.. ------·-·----·-, _____ ---·--------·--·------
'U1f.iLE A5{p T1EANS; STANil.ARU ERRORS;·-· Alm-·vARTANCEs-·FoR-STEM COUNTs·.( l:Otf2T ·--·--·-· -·-·-·· -·-··-.....
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
SITE 17. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE ( NHAT) ···r s···THE ... NUfii!ER~ OF .. SAHF'LI NG ·uNITS. REQUIRED--To ·sr-1HPLE THE--·-· --·-·· ... --·
DENSITY WITHIN 20Z OF THE MEAN WITH BOZ CONFIDENCE,
·---------~----------------------------··----~---"'t ------·· "· CATEGOt\'t X s_ s N NHAT WITHIN WN WNHf.t
X
----····---· --------------------------··-----------------------------------------------. -------------------------------------------·---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------BETULA PAPYRIFERA
TOTAL ALL SPECIES
2.
2.
0.9
0.9
~· .
7.8
7.8
l.O
10
1.11
1 :L:l
"' ui
II!
I
01 i
; I -;..['···-· t~;L~:i~~:~i~~i·~::~~~~~;~~~~~~~~~~-~~t~~~tt~R~~~_:~g~:~~~~:~g~~ij·~~~-~~~l~:----=~-=:-_·-=------
SPRUCE-BIRCH TYPE, N IS NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS, ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE CNHArl IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
DENSITY WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH BOX CONFIDENCE,
--------------~~-·-----·· -----------
,r-:· -·.
: l
.,
' ''I
. -···· ---··· --------------·-· ---.,-------·-·.---·-
"-
CI'\TEGOFU CN 20) X s __ s NHAT
X
-. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BETULA GLANDULOSA
BETULA PAPYRIFERA
S(tllX F'ULCHfU1
tiLHlJ!) EINUt,Tt't
TOTAL ALL SPECIES
2.
1 I
0.
1 I
'-' .Jt
1. 6
0.6
0,3
1 I 0
2.0
49,9 20 538
6.2 20 163
1.9 20 49b
18 I 1 20 562
79.3 20 144
WITHIN
48.49
6 I :52
1.87
1?.67
7;3 I 32
---·---------------. .-,
WN WNHAT
lB 523
18 166
18 478
113 !::;4G
18 LH
2 BN
76.05
4. Q;j
3.20
2(:) I 4 ~~
18b.05
1
1
1
1
£lNHAT
820
107
820--
820 .........
330 ~ -·---~
TABLE A~l MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS (10M2)
OF SELECTEn-·mmuB--SPECIES -rNDTQTDUALTY-AND·-·coHBTNED. FOR ___ ·----------------------------------·····---···-------------
SITE 8. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE CNHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
DEHSITY l4ITHIN 20·%-0F---THE·m::AN WITIT807. ·coNFIDENCE;---. ---------------------·--· --·····-----------------
C01 TEGORY
2
. -( N---:::: ---r :r·/---------------X"·-----------s·:·--------. S -----------·-···-------~.r-· -----------·-NH (.H ·----WITHIN ·--···w N------w N ~fA
X
;-------.. BETULA PAF'Yt\ I FERA ---------------r.-·----o-;-6 -----------3~ 7------------·-rr-·---------·-laT--------·---··--·
SALIX PULCHRA 1. 0.9 9.1 11 313
SM.IX ALAXENSIS 46. 8.2 748.2 11 15 :-. . . A L IW 8 SIN U rH h .. -----------------1-rr-. ---z;·;·-<t._: ·-----··'4 51~--z-----·-----------·r1--------·----5·z-------------------: (
1 TOTAL ~~LL. SPECIE!:) 67. 5.9 387.8 11 4
I --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------........ _____________ ---------·-·-----·----------· ........... ---·· ............ .
---·-· ------·--·-·-----------
Tr.tBL.E: A§lf 11EMH1, GTMU!AF:D EF:F:OF:s-;· ~~ND VAF:It~NCE~3 FOF; STEH COUNTS <lOH2>-
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
SITE 9, N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
S I Z E < m1r1 T > . I S --,-HE--N Uf1!t r ~ . -t1 F SA H r· L:T N G UN I T 9 r\ E Q U If~ E D T 0 S M1 P L E-THE
DENSITY WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAl~ WITH 80% CONFIDENCE.
Ct1TEGOF\Y < N "" 9) X
X
-'1 ....
NHAT
-·---·-···----··--··------------------·--··· -··-·---··-·-·-----·----··-··--. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
!:!tii .. IX PUL.CHRA
Dtll .. IX GLt1UCA
\3 M .. I X l.3d·U~ T l-1 -.....
Stli...IX I~ILf.lXENSIS
(ILNUf.) ~!INUf.1Tr=·~
16.
1 •
r.
1 1 •
1 •
4.0
1.2
1. 4
4.3
o.8
TOTAL ALL SPECIEs----·-----------------3r-;--·· ·-----·-·s;~---
143.4
13.3
18.8
1.81.~5
5.3
276.9
9 23
r; 2<Sl
9 3b9
r; (>(:)
9 216
-y ----·-· .. -·---1 ·:> . ·-
~,IITHIN lJN WNH~
:.,---·---------------------J---
"
1
--;:;: ---______ .. _____ .............. __ .... ----·· _ ::.:.:.::..·:;: .c·:;: ___ ··-·· •••• ______ -:.-::;:;:;::.·.:::: ••• -_ •••••••• ·-·.::.·.:·cc·::::-:::::-.:::.;. ·-·---
"• TABLE A/.0 MEANSr STMHI?lf\II Er\HORSr AND VARIAtlCES FOR STEM COUNTS <10M2) ,.J
. . ~--
1
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR TALL
. WILLOW-TYPE. -N ·Is THE Nut!IIER OF-SAMPLING UNITS. -THETSTitiATED--SANPLE"--
SIZE <NHATl IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
DENSITY WITHIN 20X OF THE MEAN WITH BOX CONFIDENCE • -· -······ ---·-··-···------·---------·«---------·------------·-·-----. ----·· --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
'I 2
:I, CATEGORY <N "' 201 X S_ S N t+HAT WITHIN WN ';-/~--·-~-· ~ . . ... x--------·-··--·-------····---· ------·-----------···----·----WNHAT BMS N"' 2 [!N BNHAT
i --------------------------------------------------------------------------------l BETULA F'~1F'Yr\IFERA 1. 0.3 2.2 20 354 2.05 18 336 4.09 1 671 (
----~;_u;_~~~-~~~A___ _ _ __________ ~: ~:~ 12 ::~ ig :~; __ 6_t;g_ __ )~_5_;_i _____ 1_1_~_;_:_~_i ___ i __ 1
7
_o_6
4
_z_
----• --------------------. ___ ....,L ______________ _
18 810 10.33 1 1002
· re--·2-:r·------z;2 75.5 7 1 281
18 88 1603.80 1 553
18 6 6592.81 1 105 --------------...
t
0
·······------------------------·--------------
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FO~
SITE :1.2. . w-rs·-THE. lHJMBER---oF··sr.HlPL ING-·tJNI TS; --THE ·r::sT It' ATEIJ s.~HPLE
SIZE CNHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TC SAMPLE THE
DENSITY WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE,
··-···-··--·--·-------···---··· .. ·---·-... _ --·. -······· --··· -···· . .. .. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
C(1TEGDF\Y <N = 1.0) X
DETUU1 GLt1NDLJLOSA 51 •
Sf.1L IX F'ULCHRA ·--·-··---------------·--------14.--···-
S~1LIX GLAUC.~ 0.
S(il... IX LJ:INATA l 0.
TDTAL. t.I...L ~>F'FC:tEB -l~i t
s_
X
8.2
5. 0 -------
0.2
4.4
7.9
C' 0
'1 ~--
6tl"7t8
246. 1
0.5
1 <rB. o
c'd.8.B
NHAT
10 j_ 1
--. . --.. ----1 0 --. ---5:1.
10 20El
10 8 ~.)
10 5
l.JITHIN I.~N WNH
TABLE A'l MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS (10M2)
OF SELECTED SHRUB-SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
SITE 13. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
DEHB I TY ~JI THIN -2"0% -OF THE ___ MEAN--WTTH 80/= ·-Cot~FI DENCE.. ---·-----------
< N ·'" 1 0 ) . ·-- -. .
. -. x·-·-. c---o--
-,...
0 . N ---.. N H f-1 T --
DETULf1 GLANDULDSA --. . ----... --. --··---
Sr~1LIX F'l.JLCHRA
Bf.1l..IX GLt1UCf.i
TOTAL ALL SPECIES-
41.
4.
3.
"49.
X
11.6
1. 9
1. 4
12.1
1.356.9 10 33
37.3 10 87
20.1 10 86
1465.8 10 26
WITHIN I.~N-WNHf.-1
-··---·-··---------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------' ---------------------------·---------------· --
TABLE A'3 MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR STEM CJUNTS (10M2) o ( --s ~~ cr:: c T cfl_s_H ~~ tJE!s F' E: c IF~s--n~ D fvr D u ,~ rcy-·A-~~-r~-e~o H B" f r~t n·-r: til\ ·-·-· ---· --------------------·-------------------
siTE 4. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
DENS !TY--WrTHI1I-20"r.orrm:-ffEA-Fiwl'TH-BTf%-·coRFTDENCE-~------·· ----------------------···----------------------------
2
CtHEGOFC( . ---or--::::--··nn·----------------··x-----·--·--·-g.:_---·----·-. ·s-- --------------------N ·----------NHt~T ----·· WITHIN. ·-wN -WI
X
BETLJLt-1 GL.r\NUUUrS'A-------------------s-1-. -------6·;-::r·----· -3B4 ~ 9-· --------l.·o--·-----------------7------··-------·--·----· ··--..... _.------
s,~LIX PULCHRA 50. 8.1 663.8 10 :L:~
Gf.1LIX LANATA 8. 4.1 171.4 10 100 TOT 1~L. td ... L. SPECIES----------------------1 o·9 ;--·----1. 0 ~ 6. --·---· 1'11. 8. 9--. ------------------To-------------·---1\ ---------------... -.. ---.. ------
' :: j··
rr j . "' "1-----------· tc• .. !
f " .
.. :
; '
I ~· I,,,.
i, t':
i ' ... :
'.
I .
'' i
I •
TABLE A~¥ MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR STEM CCUNTS (10M2)
OF SELF.:CTEu-·-sHRUB·---sPECTE s-·r NI!I V IIfUAI.:LY-·AND -cot-~BI NED FOR ---------·-------·----------·--------·---··· ----·-. ··------·------
SITE 5. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
DENSITY-WITHIN--20t.--oF--THE-·f1EAN"-r.:riTH--8uT.··c-oNF1DENC~----·---------------·-------------·------------··-····-----·------
2
Cf.1 T EGDf\'( . ------TN-::::--· -1 or··-----------------x--·-·------------s:··· --·--·-. S ---· ---------------w-------NH AT -----wITHIN--tm--WNf-
X
-------------------------------------------------------------~------------------
f::ETUL,~ GLANDUL-DB"A
Ht~d .. IX PUL.CHRA
TOTAL ALL SPECIES
sz-;-----~-2·;s·---·---T65o ;·u-----·------------ro·---------------ro·--·---.
28. 4.6 211.2 10 11
111. 13lB 1907.6 10 7
~------·~~--~-·-·-·•-•·-• .. ------~----w---·-•-•• ••-• •···--·~·••--•·-·-·---• ••• ·-' • • •• ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
~
... ----~---·-···
... -----··--------------------------------------------------
j --------------------------------------------------------------------------------~,_ _______ ~:.0.~~-A~S t1EANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VAI~JAN~ES !::_DR_ __ C?_!_~!1_~0_UtH_~ ( 10~12 > ----'·----------
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
~3 IT E \S ~ ..... 1~ .. I g-·Tl~T.-:.--fnJfi[·fEK-·nr--sAli.PL~I fm-····of4 ITs·~---.... 'THE-· EST I rlfi TED·-·sr.,l··1F'[ E------·-· -----. -.... ------------------------------------·
SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
DENSITY WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE.
. . . ·---···-----· ------------------·--------------·-·· ------···--·------·. -. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
;::: (i T E G DRY <N :::: 10) X s_
.... X ..
BETULA GLANDULOSA 69. 6.0
B,~, L I X F ULCHR f-1 ------. -·------------------17 ~-----------3. 7.
;;,~1L.IX GLf.1UCt-1 3. 1.~3
TOTAL ALL SPECIES a<J. 6.2
··-. -· ---------·····--·~-· --------·----·------. --··--·--. ---·-
'1 ~-
366.0
--136.0
N
10
10.
1.0
10
NHAT
4
-19
127
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\..JITHIN WN vJNHf.1
-·-. ~-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TABLE A6~ MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS (10M2)
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
SITE 7. N"IS THE-NUMBER OF-SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE <NHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TC SAMPLE THE
DENSITY WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE.
-. ·-.. ·-··-·-... ····----.--. . ···--·-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CN ::: 10) X s._
X
BETULA GLANDULOSA 23. 6.2
~; td ... n: P U L C H f~ A ----------------------------6--;---------1 ; 1 .
~:if:li_IX GL?llJCf.1 12. 6.0·'
f:)t1LI/: L.tiNf.!TA 25. 6.13
T D T 1:1 L. til .. L. G P E C I E S - ---. --------- 6 6 • . . . -9 • 0
2
:381..7
12.0
363.6
456.6
812.7
N
1.0 30
10 -··--··----. -· -16
10 fy9
10 :~ ()
10 -a
WITHIN WN
·-· ,.---· ___ '" ___
~
--~--
1-
' j.
·-------~----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TABLE A'7 MEAIIS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS C10M2>
UF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR OPEN LOW DWARF
BIRCH-·-WILL.OW. II 15 THE NUI1BEICOF SAMF·LING-UNITS, -TflE ESTIMATED SAliPLE
SIZE CNHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
DEilSITY WITHIII 20/. OF THE MEAN WITH BOi: CONFIDENCE. ----. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2
CATEGOf\Y \ N ~, 60) X s NHAT
BETULA GLANDULOSA 53. 4.3 1096.2 60 17
SALIX F·ULCHr.:A 20. 2.7 444.8 60 47
SALIX GLAUCf1 3, 1. 2 81.0 60 353
S{',LJX L?diAT ,:, 7. 1. 9 208.7 60 164
TDTAL ALL SPECIES 83; 4;9-1465-.5 60 9 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
WITHitl WN WNHAT BMS No: 6 BN BNHAT
801.23 54 12 4281.75 5 63
217.73 54 23
67.76 54 296
137.66 54 lOB
---28'17.64 3 30(}--
223.71 5 975 (
975.43 3 764
1051.30 54 '7 5938.31 *"* 5 ----3o-
-····-· ·-·--. -··--·····--..... -..... ---.. ·----·-· .. . .... ··----------------------------------------------------------------------------------TABLEA4K MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COU~TS <10M2)
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
SITE 3. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE CNHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
DENSITY WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE.
-··· ·-·-···-'" ·--·-·---------------------------------------·~-----~ --·--·----···. ···---······--· ···-··---.. -------------··--·---··-------·-·-······---· -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<N :::: 9) X s -·
X
C' ,.)
2
N NHAT
Sf.:1I...IX F'Ul...CHF:~~ 94. 15.3 2104.4 9 10
TOTAL. ALL SPECIES ···-·--------------·94·;· ..... ·-15~3;·.·· "210-'\'-.4 ------------9--------10
I..JITHIN WN V..INHA
I /
·I
---.. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TABLE A'f MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS• AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS C10M2)
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR OPEN LOW WILLOW
TYPE, N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED-SAMPLE
SIZE <NHAll IS TH~ NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REOUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
DENSITY WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE,
C(lTEGORY CN :::
SALIX F'ULCHF:r1
TOTAL ALL SPECIES
9) X
94.
94.
s_
15.3
15.3
2
s
2104.4
2104.4
N
9
9
NHAT WITHIN WN
10 2104.36
10 2104.36
8
8
WNHAT
10
10
Bt1S N= 1 DN
o.oo
o.oo
0 .
0
_ _L
BNHAT
1
1 ··--·--
Browse Pilot Study 168
APPENDIX B
2 2 2 r1eans, standard errors, and variances for 1-m , 4-m , and 10-m plot size
density time estimates. Time to count stems of each shrub species and move
between plots is presented by site. Sites are grouped into level IV
vegetation types. Estimated sample sizes for times are not used.
........... ····-----------·--------------------------------------· ----···········------· .. -··-----. ------------
-------------------------------------------------------------------~------------
TABLE A~ MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES (1 M2)
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
SITE 10. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
~ ••• -.-... ,._,,,_,..,, --·• --·••·---· -·-·--•• --.-·w •.., ---~---·--·----·---•··--•· ------·--•R-•-·••• •• ·~, ••~•-·-•-· ____ ._, -·-·-·--'----···
SIZE < NHAT > IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO ·sAMPLE THE
TIME WItH tw···:i(f:t.-or= THE:" -111':':AN--W Inr··gor.· C"OtH" I IIENCE:; -----·-------· -----..... -·····----·-····---
2
X ---·-g:·-_-~--··s·--------------1~-------HHAi _______ liJITHtN--ww··-···wNHA
X
BETULA GLANDULtJ"SA -TSEC r·-------------22 • .... -.. 3. 2 ---104.2 ·-----ro ··· 9
BETULA PAPYRIFERA <SEC> 1. 0.2 0.3 10 11
SALIX PULCHRA <SEC) B. 2.4 58.7 10 35
SAL I X GLAUCA <SEC) ----· --------------2 .--·-------·-:·1 • 1·;.----------12 ~-2 -------·-ro·-----------·--r o 4
SALIX_ LANATA <SEC) 2, 0,4 1.3 10 20
SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC> 1. 0.2 0.5 10 82 .
.. . . . . ~-.... -ALNUS SINUATA <SEC> 1. 0,2 0.2 10 20
MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC> 57. 12,6 1596,9 10 20
TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOVE . 94. 13.0 1691.2 10
-------------·--·-------------·-··-··------------~------~ -· -. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------. I
TABLE 8~ MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES <1 M2>
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
SITE 1 U . N 1 S. nH::---NUMI!ER-OF" SAMF'L I NG UNITS. THE EST I MATED SAMPLE
SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
TIME WITHIN 20~ OF THE MEAN WITH 80~ CONFIDENCE.
CATEGORY <N = 10) X
BETULA GLANDULOSA <SEC> 13.
BETULA PAPYRIFERA (SEC> ·--~ --.... -1 •
SALIX PULCHF~A <SEC) 2.
SALIX GLAUCA <SEC> 2 •.
SALIX LANATA <SEC> . ·---. -·---·----1-~-
SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC> 1. f
ALNUS SINUATA <SEC> 1 •
MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC) .. 143.
TOTAL TIME PER PLOT w MOVE 162.
s_
X
3.5
0.2
0.7
1. 3 ' .
0.2
0.4
0.2
74.9
73.3
2
s N
125.6 10
0.2 10 .
5.0 10
18.2 10
0.3 10
1.4 10
0.3 10
5.6164.5 10
53781.3 10
NHAT WITHIN WN
33
20
47
187
46
73
46
114
TABLE 83 MEANS• STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES (1 M2>
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES iNDIVIDUALLY -AND --COHDINED-FO~ •WOODLAND -EtcACK-
WHITE SPRUCE-TYPE. N IS NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
TIME WITHIN 20X OF THE MEAN WIT•t SOX CONFIDENCE.
CATEGORY <N = 20> x· ------·s.:.---
x
2
BETULA GLANDULOSA <SEC> -i 7 ; --------2.6 133.1 20 . 19
BETULA PAF'YRIFERA <SEC> 1. 0.1 0.3 20 16
SALIX PULCHRA <SEC> 5. 1.4 40.6 20 61
SALIX GLAUCA <SEC> ----·--2~--------o~-a---------14.4--· --·----20 134"
SALIX LANATA <SEC> 1. 0.2 1.1 20 39
SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC> 1. 0.2 1.0 20 81
ALNUS SHWATA <SEC> 1 ;-· ---·--0 t 1------.. 0.3 20 29
MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC> 100. 38.3 29270.9 20 121
TOTAL TIME PER PLOT w MOVE 128. 37.1 27482.6 20 --··-· ~ --· . ---------.
WITHIN WN WNHAT--1HIS -N=--2-DN------sNHAl • ';;,
. :\'•-\t{
114.89 18 16 ---·----46"0-;ao----r o3
0.28 18 15 0.80 1 41
31.85 18 48 198.45 1 295
15.20 ta--142 o.zo 1 2
0.81 18 28 7.20 1 244 ,.
0.97 18 81 0.80 1 67
0.26 18 ·-3o------0-;2,o--!---"2:3--.-.
28880.70 1a·· 119 36295.20 1 149
27736.25 18 22916.45 1 ---------·-· -·-··-----
-·------····
TABLE .8'/ . MEANS;-·sfANttAiH•-E:trtdJRS-; -ANti-·VARi ANCES--FOR -T:i: MES .. < 1 M2Y···-------·------------------------
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
SITE 14~ N IS THE NUMBER-OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE <NHAT> IS THE·i~UMBEr{ OF--SAMF'LING ·uNiTS REQUH~ED TO SAMPLE THE
TIME WITHIN 20X OF THE MEAN WITH BOX CONFIDENCE.
-2
CATEGORY <N = 10> X s_ s N NHAT WITHIN WN WNHA
. -~-* -~--~--···--~ .. ·----------···-----------------------·----------
X
····· --. ·····-·-··-··-···---· ---
BETULA GLANDULOSA <SEC> 23. 3.6
BETULA PAPYRIFERA <SEC> 1. 0.2
129.1
0.3
SAL I X F'ULCHRA <SEC) ----------------------·---·--2·-~----------------"-0 • 5 ----------·-2~0
0.9 SALIX GLAUCA <SEC> 1. 0.3
SALIX LANATA <SEC> 1. SAL IX ALAXENS IS <SEC 5----------'--·---·--i ~-------·--·
ALNUS SINUATA <SEC> 1.
MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC> 58.
TOTAL TIME PEr{ PLOT W . MOVE----------------86 •
\
0.2 0.2 ·o ; 3··· -------· ··· o • a ··
0.3
1189.6
1319.6
··'··-·--··------------~ ....... --·-·---···· ---·-···--····· --.
10 11
10 17
10 33
10 76
10 20 10 .. ·----······ 39
10 46
10 15
10
-·--··----~-
~
•
' .
'
i
I" t;
. ·-
TABLE 8~ MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND v"'"ARIANCES FOR TIMES ( 1 M2>
0 ~ SELECT E t( S H R U (f SF· E: C tE: S --:t N II l V H1 U ALLY AND C 0 M £t I NED F 0 F~ ---
SITE 151 N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE TIME WITHIN --2o:Y.·-OF-TH'E "ME"AN"IJITH·-aor.-COt4FIDENCE; ----------------------------------------------------------------.. ---------_ .. ____ _
-2
CATEGORY --( N -;---TOY ----------------x --------------s_·-------S -_,_ ----N------------NHAT ---WITHIN--ww--·w
X
BETULA GLANDULOSA --(SE:CT _______________ --------2!5'; -----------1 ~-6 --24 • 9-------------10 ------------2 --------------------
BETULA PAPYRIFERA <SEC) 1. 0.2 0.3 10
SALIX PULCHF~A <SEC> 6. 2.7 75.0 10 SALIX GLAUCA (SECT ____ -----------------r;--------0.1 0. 2 ------10 ----
SALIX LANATA <SEC) 0. 0.2 0.3 10
SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC> 1. 0.2 0.3 10 ALNUS SINUATA <SECf ___________________ ------1. ----()';2 ------· 0~2 -------10
MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC) 90. 19.7 3892.9 10
TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOVE 124. 20.7 4270.2 10
31
89 ---12'---
69
31 ·--20-~-----·-···----·--······ ~----·-· -·--· ---~
20
) ~ i ' : ' '
~ : ' '
i
i" I_,
I i ... ,
i": ! -·:
I I
: ·'
-.......... -..... ___ .. _____ _
. -·-"·-. ·-.. -·-·-· ---·---·-··----··-··· -····-.. ---... ~------··-·. .. . --· ... --------------------------------------------------------------------------------TABLE 8' MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES <1 M2)
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
SITE 18 .~ . N--f S THE NUMIIEF( OF SAMF'L I NG-UfH TS. --THE: EST I MATED SAHF·LE:·-· .... __
SIZE <NHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
TIME WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH BOX CONFIDENCE.
CATEGORY <N = 10)
BETULA GLANDULOSA <SEC>
BETULA PAPYRIFER~ CSEC)
SALIX PULCHRA <SEC>
SALIX GLAUCA <SEC>
2
X s_ s .............. _. _____ x------------........ ----·
21. 4.3 183.8
"1 ... . 0 • 1 . ·, .. . 0 • 2
12. 3.4 114.3
2. Ot4 2.0
N NHAT
10 1.8
10 12
:iO 36
10 21
WITHIN
SAL I X .LANAi A ___ (SECT·-·----·-·----1-~·---------.. 0~ 3 __ .. ........... . 0 • 8 .................. ro ·-···----------39 .... -.... ···--·-·-
SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC)
ALNUS SINUATA <SEC>
MOVE TIME BEtWEEN Plt)iS .. (SEC)
TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOVE
1 •
1 •
49.
87.
0.5
0.1
14.5
15.8
2.1
0.2
2110.4
2485.2
10 72
10 12
10 36
10
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
WN WN
........_
"-!
......... ---~-·
. :
~ ..
! '
••
~-
\'
TABLE f>1 MEANS,·· STANDAIHI E:f\RORS, AND . VARIANCES f-"OR TIMES ( 1 M2)
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
SITE 19. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMnTED SAMPLE
SIZE <NHAT) -tS THE. NUMBER OF' SAMF;LING UNIT!r REQUIRED--TO ··sAMPLE ___ THE·-----------·-··--·--·--··· .............. ------------
TIME WITHIN 20X OF THE MEAN WITH 80X CONFIDENCE.
-CATEGORY <N = 10) X s_
X
2 s N NHAT WITHIN WN Wi
-·· ·--~------------·-·-----· .. ---·---------. --·----... ----------·· ... -----·· .. ·-···-..... -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------BETULA GLANDULOSA <SEC> 27. 9.3 874.2 10 50
BETULA PAPYRIFERA <SEC> 1. 0.2 0.3 10 46 SALIX f'ULCHRA. (SECT·-------···-----·-------------6-~----------2-.7 -........ 7i. 7 ......... ·-·-· ...... iO-------............. 85 -----~---· ........ -··.
SALIX GLAUCA <SEC> 1. 0.2 0.3 10 31
SALIX LANATA <SEC> 1. 0.2 0.3 10 46
SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC) 1. 0.1 0.2 10 12
ALNUS SINUATA <SEC> O. 0.2 0.2 10 107 ---------------· ------------·-----.............. -.. ---...................... -
MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC> 66. 7.7 590.0 10 6
r:~~------·-totAL' 'fHH:~--PER. ·F·Lo'r-w--H·Ql]f--·--ror;--·------·4 ~-4-.............. 194 ~ 9 .... ----------.. 10
~ f
..
TABLE 81 MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES <1 M2)
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR·WOODLAND BLACK•
SPRUCE•TYPE, N IS THE NUMBER OF SAHPLING UNITS, THE E&TIHATED SAHPLE
SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
TIME WITHIN 20X OF THE MEAN WITH BOX CONFIDENCE,
CATEGOr<Y (N = 40>
BETULA GLANDULOSA <SEC>
BETULA PAPYRIFERA <SEC)
SALIX F'ULCHRA <SEC>
SALIX GLAUCA <SEC>
X
24.
1.
6.
1.
s_
X
2.7
0. 1
1. 4
0.2
2
s
285.3
0.3
73.4
1.1
N
40
40
40
40
NHAT
21
23
78
43
SALIX LANATA (SEC> . .. -!;----·---0; 1----() .4 ----····----·--40 ·-------------42
SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC> 1. 0.1 o.8 40 46
ALNUS SINUATA (SEC> 1. 0.1 0.3 40 32
MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC) 66. 1. 1 2030.4 40 20
TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOVE 99. 7.3 2149.8 40
WITHIN WN WNHAT BMS N= 4 BN BNHAT
303.00 36 22 72.96 3 6
0.26 36 22 -· o. 33··----3 --·--2a---t
65.74 36 70 164.76 3 175
0.84 36
. 0.39 36
33 4.29 3 168
-· 41 ---------o ~-49--z ... 2---t
0.83 36 47 0.43 3 25
0.23 36 29 0.49 3 61
1945.72 36 19 3046.43 -3--··-29-
2067.49 36 3137.27 3
-------;
. ' i
; '
j I
l
j' ,:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------·· -----. ----------------------------
TABLE 8f MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES <1 M2>
OF SELECTED Sk~UB 9PEC1£9-1NDIV1DUALlY AND COMBINED FOR--
SITE 16 •. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE TIME WITH :tN-207.-OF THE--MEAN·-·wtncaor.·--cONF 1 DENCE;-----------------------------------------
2
CATEGORY <N ::----iO} ______________________ X -------------!:L--------s --------------N ----···-NHAT---WITHIN ---wN ______ WN!
X
BETULA GLANDLfl.os·A--(SEC) 9. 2:-4---·-sT;-4--------------ro·------------------30 ________________ .. _ ·------------------
BETULA PAPYRIFERA CSEC> 2. 0.9 S.B 10 100
SALIX PULCHRA <SEC> 1. 0.2 0.3 10 31 SALIX GLAUCA (SEC}---------··--------------·-T;·----·-----·-·o.2-----·---·-·o.3 ·10 31 ..
SALIX LANATA CSEC> 1. 0.2 0.5 10 12
SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC> 1. 0.4 1.7 10 57
ALNUS SINUATA <SEC) 2. 0.5 2.5 10 35
MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC> 104. 60;7 36810.4 10 140
'""' ----·-----~----------------------··-------------------.......... ___________ "'" ---------·-----------------------------------------·-----·--
TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOVE 120. 62.5 39079.0 10 r-:-r--·----·-·= ::.·-.:. = ...:·.::.-:.-..:.:·:.:·.:=----------------=-=----------::::::-..:-:.--=:.:=:..-..:-::::.-==== ---==-= ==-==-= :::::.:-..::.::::.::.·::==-===·=·==-=-.;;,--------·-------------·-~--
"-1
~
'. '
:
I : ' .
t ~
t I
' l.
-__ ._ _________ "·-·· --... ·-·· . ---. . -~-·----------·-·---. ---·· ------------"·-------------------------------------------------------------------TABLE 81() MEANS,
OF SELECTED
SITE 17. N
SIZE <NHAT>
TIME WITHIN
STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES <1· M2>
SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
iS-THE-NUMBER OF SAMF'L I NG-UN :i: TS. THE EST I MATEtl SAMPLE----.....
IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE. ---------., -···· ------·-··----------------·-·---------------------·-· .... -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------2'
: .. , cATEGORY <N = 10> x s_ s N NHAT l ·· i ·---·· · ---------------------------------------------------------x -------·------------------
/~j ;~~~~~-~~~~~~~~;;-~;~~;------------~~-------~~;-------;~;----------~;---------~~
II ;~ I ~~~~~A F' ~ ~ ~ ~ ~! F ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ sECT _____________________ i : -----------g : ~ -----~ : ~ ... -.. -----i g ----------~ i -
WITHIN
o ---Em mm~~~:~h~;-------------t ----n --u ---------g -~i
!·" !-------MOVE--tlME-BE:TWEEtr--p·cors--cSECr·-------:=;3;---------1f.6 ______ 1336.1------------1o··---------------20 ____ -----
,' TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOVE 60. 11.7 1366.5 10
--.. --........ ··-.... ---···--··-· ------·" ----···
WN
TABLE BIJ MEANS, STANDARD ERRORSr AN[I VARIANCES FOR TIMES (1M2>
OF SELECTEII SHRUB. SPE:t:i: ES :iNti i i.i:i:fiiJALL'rAfHi-tr.iMD i NED FOr< .fop£-rrN-.M'"I ..... X"'"EW ____ -..
SPRUCE-BIRCH TYPE, N IS NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS, ESTIMATE[! SAMPLE
SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
TIME WITHIN 20r. OF THE MEAN WITH 80r. CONFI[IENCE,
---------·-·-----·-----···-··· -·-------··-----
CATEGORY.·---.TN
.BETULA GLANttULi:JSA <SEC> ----6 -;· -·---r; 4---. . ~ .. 39 .1-· --·· . 20 48 31.58
BETULA PAPYRIFERA <SEC) 1. 0.5 4.9 20 103 4.88
SALIX PULCHRA <SEC) 1. 0. 1 0.3 20 29 0.27
SALIX GLAUCA <SEC> 1. .. 0.1 0.2 20 15 0.18
SALIX LANATA <SEC> 1. 0.2 0.5 20 22 0,46
SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC> 1. 0.2 1.0 20 65 0.97
ALNUS-SINUATA.CSttl----------· ··r~----·---o ;3---·-· --1 ;s -----------20.-39 1.32
MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC> 78. 30.6 18745.8 20 125 19073.25
TOTAL TIME PER PLOT w MOVE 90, 31.7 20093.1 20 20222.72 . . . --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
. -·-· ----· ----------------~
18 . 18
18
1B
18
18
18
18
18
Ja··--· -· --
102
31
14
19
1B6~os·--·--r-----223 ___ •
5.00 1 105 .
-o.oo 1 o ... 0.45·--··1·----33---l
1.80 1 74
leBO 1 116 62
35 ·--------4·-;-os--1----n>T
127 12852.45 1 86
17760.80 1 ·······-· -·----.. ··--···------!
' l 'i
l '• TABLE&~ MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES <1.-M2> OF SE-LECTE.rl··-·s·HRtfB ~-SF·E·C-fES ____ fFifi_i_l~fi DUACI:-y-A}Jt,·-c-trM·B I"NED. -F-fif(--··· .. -· ____ p___________________________________ ------. ----------------
SITE 8. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
~~ l TIME wITH ttr-2tf7.··-o F-THE-"M E ANWl t il!3(fra-c·cfN FI DENtE: ;··--.. ·-----... --·····--·---------·--· . -----·-···-· -·-· ··-···-· .. -·····--.. ------------
CATEGORY <N =
\
9) X s_
X
2
s N NHAT WITHIN WN WNI-
-------------------------·---·-----------·--·-·----
.. -. . .. -----------------------------
r"T. . B·ETULA GLANtli.JLO-~fA--fSE-C > i:! BETULA PAPYRIFERA <SEC>
r-. ----·--<r;·t---------·--··o·~-9--····-··----·------9·-------··26 __________________ _
3. 1.0 9.5 9 36
1. 0.1 0.2 9 14 ";-------SALIX GLAUCA -(SECf _____ _ I, .. I SAL I X F'ULCHRA <SEC>
----r~---·--o ; c------·o; 1·· ·----·-------·r;--·-------z;--. --------------------
"i SALIX LANATA <SEC> 1. 0.2 0.3 9 11
~~ SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC> ; ....
~~= ALNUS SINUATA <SEC)
47. 13.0 1510.9 9 29
9. 2.3 46.9 9 23
I MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC>
I TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOVE
90. 16.5 2451.3 9 13
154. 14.7 1940.5 9
···----------·-··---· ···--·-------------,. ------------------------------~-------------------------------------------------
D<J
...... () ..
. f..
. '·
I :
J ·r l Ai .. : ., f.!
i ~· ;
I".
A,·:
v··
••••• l ;
\:I -,.
••
•
•
'o•o -~--··'•••~ ···---··--~·----·-·-----··•~ oW•--·~---···-·-·---··~·---·----· -·-'' '& o• -• '''''' ''• o•o'o~o 0 ''' '•-,, __ __..,,,_ ····---.. ···-· -----·----·-·--·-----·-··• ----------------------··---------------------------------------------------------TABLE &13 MEANS, STANDARD ERr{ORS, AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES < 1 M2 >
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
{. S I TEl?'~ -· N·-I s--THE--NUMf!ER--OF-sAMPLINO-'UN ITs··;·--· THE -ESTIMl'ITEii--SAMPLE
SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLI~G UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
TIME WITHIN 207. OF THE MEAN WITH 80?. CONFIDENCE,
~-·--------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CI!T£6-0RY { Af:;; II) ';( 5-x s 2 N N/1·4-T
-· ----~----.. ----------------------·------------·---... -----.. ----·--··-----~---·--·----·--·_.._·-~-----·-----·------·-·-·--_:
---~----·,!..·-----·-·---~
BETULA F'AF'YRl"t~'-EJ(A-f(s·El!T --i-;~ · · ·o-;·3-----. ··-----0; e·--. ----ri ---33-·---
SALIX F'ULCHRA <SEC> 15, ' ... f•3 60.4 11 11
SAL I X G LA U C A ( SEC ) . · ,_ . 2 • :: ' '::. . (>. 3 , . . 1 • 0 11 . 9 SALIX LANATA--TSEC_)_____________ ·3·, ·o;·9 -------···-9 ~-c·-·------.. -----11 --·---·---------sa-----
SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC) 16. 4.0 176.9 11 30
ALNUS SINUATA <SEC) 2. 0.3 1,0 11 12
HOVE TIME BETWEEi{ .PCOts·-rsEeY ... _ .. ___ :15.2 ;-~--···-:---··-··37 ~ ·4 ------· 15388.9 . ·-.. -... 11 ............ 28 .... .
TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOVE. . 194. 39.8 17437.2 11 ' .
-------------------------~-~----------------------------------------------------
"' I i" ,.
TABLE~~~ MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES (1 M2>
I' , ..
OF SELECTE[I SHRUB Sf>EC I ES INDIVIDUALLY ANti COMBINE£• FOR rrA0: --. ------------------------------i··
·WILLOW TYPE. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS, THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE !t•
SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE ,,
-· .. TIME WITHIN 20~ OF THE MEAN ·wuw-SO~ONFH•l::NCE,--------------------------------·-· ~-
1,,
CATEGORY
-2 ··-···x··--·-----s:··-----· S --~·-----··-----N ------NHAT
X
WITHIN .. WN----wN <N = 20> l· HAI--BMS-N=--·2-BW--BNHA 1 I'
I' r . BETULA GLANDULOSA <SEC) . ··-·-------3-,-----r,~----"33, 4··------·-2{) ___ ··19·5---·--·33 ~-40 --18-195 -33'. 36 1 f9;) I•
BETULA PAPYRIFERA <SEC> 2, 0,5 5,8 20 57 4,67 18 46 26.95 1 263 I·
SALIX PULCHRA <SEC> 9, 2.1 86,6 20 47 33.65 18 19
SALIX GLAUCA <SEC> ---2.--------·0~2··--··· 1.1·--·----·--20·--·-·---·17 0.62 18 ···10
SALIX LANATA (SEC> 2. 0.5 5,5 20 66 5.15 18 62
SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC> 30, 7.0 983.7 20 46 769.75 18 36 -ALNU!:r-SINUAtA· (SEC> -------s.------r;3 ____ 34~-6--------;·--·-2o _______ S4 _____ :21;40 . ·ia--34
MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC> 124, 22,5 10110.6 20 27 9638,81 18 26
1040.01 1 557 L
-----» ·------------9; 48---r ------143 I.
11.82 1 142 I,
4834.77 1 225 I
----271.3li--1--42o I'
I' 18602.41 1 50 I'
TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W HOVE 176. 22.8 10418.3 20 10549,78 18 8052.55 1 I• ---,1'
I
I
' ;•I;' I
I ··'· ' ------------
' '
; 'J f
. TABLE $/$"'-ME: AN s ~--s TANtiAR ti ___ ER R (J'Rs ;-·AN ft. -VA R fA NC E s-F oFf-tIME 8 ·n,. M2 -> ---·-·--------------------·------·-----------------
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
~ SITE 12. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
"i
-;'
' col
SIZE. < NHAT'f .... I s··· :fHE._NUMilER .. OF---SAMF·l iN G .... UNits· F'~EQU I t~ED To-SAMF;LE-·tHE ____ -·-----------------------·-----. --.. -------
TIME WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH BOX CONFIDENCE.
CATEGORY <N = 10> X s_
X
2
s N NHAT WITHIN WN WN
. . -·~---~ ·-------~·---.. ··~---·----------~--------·--,-··--~~~·#•-'_., __ ....,. _____ ~~-···-.... ~---~ ·------····-·· . ·---------.... -----~-------------·--------------------· --------------------------------------------------------------------------------BETULA GLANDULOSA CSEC> 17. 6.7 444.0 10 63
BETULA PAPYRIFERA <SEC> 3. 1.6 24.8 10 106 SAL I X P U L C H R A ·-(SEC r--:-·-------------------9 ;--------------~r ~ () ----2 4 a ; 5 ------------------1 0-------13 5 --... ---... . .. .. ·--------------------·
SALIX GLAUCA <SEC) 2. 1~4 20.6 10 175
SALIX LANATA <SEC> 8. 4.9 245.0 10 153
SALIX ALAXEN~fiS -·<sE··cr------------------------·-----4·~-.. ----------~------2.·2 46.5 . 10-----.·-------------~ 99--
ALNUS SINUATA <SEC> 2. 0.3 0.7 10 12
MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC> 62. 12.1 1462.5 10 16
TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOVE 107. 17.1 2911.6 10
TABLE AI' MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES <1 M2)
OF SELECTEtl ·sHr~u!l· SF'!CIES-INDIVIDUALLY ANii. COMBINED FOR------·---------------··-------------·--····-·. -----
·SITE 13. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
TIME WI THIN 201. or=-·-n-IE -MEAff W Inf SOiC CONFIDENCE. -----------------
-2
CATEGORY <N = --fO) ________ ---------X ----------------s_ ------· .... S ----
X
BETULA GLANDULOSA. (SEer·------------------19;·---. 4.0.
BETULA PAPYRIFERA <SEC> 1. 0.1
SALIX PULCHRA (SEC) 2 • 0 • 4 SALIX GLAUCA CSE:C>·-----------------________ L _______ -----0.3--..
0.2
2.0
1 • 1
0.2 SALIX LANATA <SEC> 1. 0.2 ~-
SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC) 1. 0.1
ALNUS SINUATA <SEC)' 1. --·--o.2-
MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC> 184. 41.8
TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOVE 210. 41.2
0.2
0.3 .
17456.1
16944.7
--10 ___ __
10
10
-----18 ---..
12
17 ----1 o··· -----------------2 a·---------·-----------------------------
10 20
10 12
10'' --46··-·
10
10
22
··········· ··--·-·----------------------------------··· -·····-. . --·· --... --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------··· --------··----------------------·-···------· ·-· --
' --···---. { -------------------
----'"-------···--·---·····---·-· ·-·-·. . ..... -....... ········-·-·---·-··· -·-···--·-.. ···-·-·······-·----·--· ··---------
TABLE 847 MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES < I M2)
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
SITE ·4 't' . -· t•CI s ·r l=fE··-·NUMBE R--o F--8 MfF· Ct No·--U N"i t s·~---· THE. t s T t f·fAt E: D -SAMF·L E .. ··-,-------------------· -------·----
SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
TIME WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WIT~ 80% CONFIDENCE. . . ··-.. . .. .. -···-·---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2
CATEGORY <N = 9) X s_ S N NHAT WITHIN WN WNHA1 . ---. ---···· ·---···-·-------------------·--·--·-·x -----------------·--·-----------·-··------------·· ··--···-··-· .. . ----· -.. .
BETULA GLANDULOSA (SEC> 21. 2.2 45.2 9 5
BETULA F'APYRIFERA·-·(SECf ····----·--·--·--····· -1~--------·-·· 0.3 0.8 ·-9 -··-.......... 16
SALIX PULCHRA <SEC> 25. 3.8 128.0 9 9
SALIX GLAUCA <SEC> 6. 2.3 45.8 9 59
SAL I X LAN AT A . <SEC f -·····-·-··-·-----------20-. --;·--ri~-(f'-· --:u;i :L 4 . ·-·· ··--... 9. ··--------· 2 71 .
SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC> 2. 0.7 3.9 9 52
ALNUS SINUATA <SEC> 1. 0.2 0.3 9 37
MOVE TIME BEHJEEN.PLOIS-<SEC> 85. 12.0 1295.5 9 8
TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOVE 160. 22.7 4649.2 9 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
...._
~
.. ·-·------------------~----
, ..
TABLE g/.8 MEANs·;--8tANt1ARD -~~RRORS, -ANti-VARIANCES FOR TIMES-< 1 M2)
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
SITE 5. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE < NHAt 5 IS ti-11::·--NUtHHl:rC·oF·--SAMF;Lt NG UNITS RECW H.: ED TO SAMF·LE THE·--... ---------
TIME WITHIN 20X OF THE MEAN WITH BOX.CONFIDENCE.
-CATEGORY <N = 10) X s_
X
2
s N NHAT WITHIN WN
--· ---~---' -----------------~---------------~----·-------------------------·-------.. -----------------········-----·------····------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------BETULA GLANDULOSA <SEC> 23. 2.7 72.8 10 6
BETULA PAPYRIFERA <SEC) 1 • 0.2 0.4 10 26
Wt
<sE:c 5 ----·····-··---·· ···-------·--··-. 23 ·• -. ~---------. io -----.... ... ---------·----SALIX F'ULCHRA 5.5 305.8 24
SALIX GLAUCA <SEC) 2. 0.6 3.6 10 58
SALIX LANATA <SEC> 1 • 0.2 0.3 10 46
SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC> 1 • 0.2 0.2 10 20
ALNUS SINUATA <SEC> 1 • 0.2 0.3 10 11 --------·~ -· ..... ---· -----·· ------~--------~---·--·-······ -------------.-... ~------· --------------~ ----·--···-____ ,. ____________ .. ________ --·----..
MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC> 475. 314.6 989917.6 10 181 TOTAL TIME PER PLOt ·-w-HoiJE··------525 ·;----------'313~T-980120 ~ <t . -.. ----·-·-··---1 0------· ... ·--· -------·---·---·-·-·.
i' ..
' : :•
'' .
J" . t:r
! ll
't fr:
,.
::
. '
TABLE Bl? MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND V~RIANCES FOR TIMES <1 M2>
OF SEL~CTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
SITE 6i N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE TIME ··w :t fH·t N---2·0·1. --·or:---t-HE·--H"EA·N--Wt r·H-·ao·r.-·coNr:·I LtENCE. .. ------... ---·------.. -------------------------------------------------------____________ -. _ _.._ .. _____ _
2 CATEGORY ·-<w·::---I·oy-···---------------x------------·-····s...:· --. s -----N --··-· ---N HAT --. WITHIN W N W N H
X
BETULA GLANDULOSA -(SEC r· .. ·--------· ---33. . . . . ..... -4 • 6-. 209. 2 10 8
BETULA PAPYRIFERA <SEC> 2. 0.4 1.6 10 30
SALIX PULCHRA <SEC> 16. 1.9 37.8 10 7 SALIX GLAUCA (SEtr--·---------····-------·---·--5~----------2-;r·-----·--45.4 . ·---------·10·----·-··-······ 78··-··-
SALIX LANATA (SEC> 2. 0.6 4.0 10 57
SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC> 1. 0.4 1.7 10 50 ALNUS S I NlJATA .. <SEt)---· ····----···-···----------·:L·--------·-··r·~ ,----------29 ~-a -------------·---1 o·---·---·--------181···-------·-·---------
MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC> 72. 15.4 2370.0 10 19
TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOVE 133. 12.5 1554.3 10 . ------.. --.... -·---~------------~------------~----·---
----------------------------------------------------~----------------------------"'-~
...... ~ ---
!
l.
m-1
'
.• I
.. ---------------------------·--· ------------·. ··--·-··· -------·-··---. ···--.... --------------·------·····------· ------------------·-------·
TABLE 820 MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES <1 M2)
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
s I ·n::--7-:·· .N . ts --tHr(· N"UMBER -I}F·--i3"Al1F·"Ct NG ··uN f TS ~----THE ESTt MA tEt• s·AMF'LE -------·-----------------·--------·----
SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
TIME WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE.
-2 ·------··----·-·-... ----------~-·-~----·-------·-····-···----~----.. --~----~---··· ... ··--·---~---
CATEGORY <N = 10) X s_ s N NHAT WITHIN WN WNI·
~ --------· -----------------·-····---·-·----.... ~--·· -~ -... -----· --·. X
BETULA GLANDULOSA <SEC> 14. 3.3 111.8 10 23 BETULA F'APYR I FERA-·( SECT ______________________ r·;·-----·· ----0.2 --·--·o. 2 ------10 _____________ 20 ___ --------------------------
SALIX PULCHRA <SEC> 10. 3.~. 111.2 10 47
SALIX GLAUCA <SEC) : 9. 2.6 65.2 10 37
SALIX LANATA-( SECT·--------------15;----------3~5--------122. o·· ...... ----"1 0----------···-----""2.2 ·------------------------------... ·-· ---
SALIX·ALAXENSIS <SEC> 2. 0.6 3.3 10 28
ALNUS SINUATA <SEC) 1. 0.1 0.1 10 6
MOVE Tit1E BETWEEN PLOTS (SEC)·-169. 38.3 ----14690.1 1 0 -------····· ----.... 2 2 --------..
TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOVE 221. 40.5 16393.3 10
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TABLEfi~/ MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES (1 M2)
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR-OPEN LOW DWARF~
BIRCH-WILLOW. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS, THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
-TlliE WlTHIN 20% OF" THE HEAN-loiiTH---a~X-CONFIDENCE. -------------------------------
2
-CATEGORY <N = 59) x ----------s_ s N "NHAT
X
--BETULA GLANDULOSA <SEC> a;·-------1. a·-------197.1---59" --18
BETULA PAPYRIFERA <SEC> 1. 0.3 s.o 59 107
SALIX PULCHRA <SEC> 14. 1.8 194.6 59 41
SALIX GLAUCA (SEC> 4 ~ -----------o. e --34.4 59 sa
SALIX LANATA <SEC> a. 2.8 475.0 59 346
SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC> 2. 0.4 10.2 59 123
176.66
4.73
139.08
29.99 -
457.56
9.41
ALNUS SINUATA <SEC> -----;:-.----()";3---------5; 4--------------59 ___ 149 ----5.35
HOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC> 176. 55.3 180181.3 59 239174404.35
TOTAL TIME PER PLOT w MOVE 227. 55.0 178736.7 59 173556.93 ... -·-· ···----···· ··-~ . " ··-.. . ----------------------------------·-----------------------------------------------
. --·-------·
.. ,
•·i'·
------------------------
-53" ---17"" :U:!"-;-46 s-------38 _____
53 101 8.22 5 175
53 29 782.79 5 164
53" --77 ---------81"~52 _____ 5----20T ___
53 333 659.57 5 480
53 113 18.95 5 228
53--149 -"6--;-r--o--s 170 ... ~
53 232 241416.68 5 321 ::s 53 233642.15 5 --·--· ... ~-.. ·-------·--··-·-~--------·-..
,
\ ,,
\ ,.
'
.. ~. ·--.-',
• j I .~
•.. , .
TABLE B2.2 MEANS;-STANDARD ERRORS,-AND -VARIANCES FOR TIMES < f-M2 >
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
SITE 3~ N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE < NHAi' r 1 ff-THE--NUMBER-· or· SAHPLl NG-UNliS-REQUI RE:!i' TO SA-HPLE:-nn~------------------------------------------
TIME WITHIN 20X OF THE MEAN WITH BOX CONFIDENCE.
-------· ------· ---------------·--------------·:.··-------------·----------------·---.... 2
CATEGORY <N = 12> x s_ s N NHAT WITHIN WN WN
X --· --· .. ·----·--~--···· . ··---···. . . -~---·----· -· ...... -----·--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------BETULA GLANDULOSA <SEC> 6. 3.4 140.8 12 141
BETULA PAPYRIFERA CSEC> 1. 0.2 0.5 12 23
SALIX F'ULCHr~A '(SE:Cf ---------------------91.------33.9 13829.4 12 ------· -'69
SAL I X G LA U C A ( SEC ) 2 • 0, • 3 1 • 2 1 2 1 7
SALIX LANATA <SEC> 1. 0.1 0.2 12 23
SAL I X-ALAXEN!H g--· (SEC)-------·s ;-----------3; o--·--·--ro6 ~-3 ... --------------12--------------.181 _____ ----------
ALNUS SINUATA <SEC> 1. 0.1 0.2 12 15
MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC> 174. 41.2 20343.0 12 28
TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOVE 280. 56.7 38564.9 12
-..... ·-------------------------------------------------------------------------------ABLE tZ.3 MEANSr
OF SELECTED
TYPE • -N IS
SIZE <NHAT>
TIME WITHIN
ATE GORY <N = 12)
ETULA GLANDULOSA <SEC>
ETULA PAPYRI~ERA ~SEC>
ALIX PULCHRA <SEC>
ALIX GLAUCA <SEC>
ALIX-LANATA <SEC>
ALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC>
LNUS SINUATA <SEC>
OVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC>
OTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOVE
X s_
X
2
s N NHAT WITHIN
6. 3.4 140.8 12 141 140.81
-----f·~----0~2----6~5-----------12_____ 23 0.55
91. 33.9 13829.4 ·12 69 13829.42
2. 0.3 1.2 12 17 1.15 --------T;----· o·;i _____ o-;-2 --------r2 ------n o • 2 4
s. 3.0 106.3 12 181 106.27
1. 0.1 0.2 12 15 0.20
174. 41.2 20343.0 12 28 20343.00
280. 56.7 38564.9 12 38564.93
h --------------------------,,
. •. i, •
I, •
-····---·-··· ----------------------------1
I' I'. -·-------·---------------------11' I'
I• I
I· -----------------------------------<:-r.:'
WN WNHAT BMS N= 1 BN BNHAT : .
I
I
----------------"I t I
11 141 ·-· ·1c ___ 23
11 69
11 17 u-n
11 181
11 15
11 28
11
------,·---
1
1 • -o.oo o o ----,------,-1 ---rh. o. 0 !'
-0 .oo 0 0 !" • o.oo o 1 r ------o·-;oo--o-I"'
-o .oo o o I" t
0, o 1 I"
. Ot 0 1 --~K
0. 0 lu f
1 ..
I '·
-----···--·--·-------
· TArt L E A z L/ ME AN s~·--·s-rA Nii-r;F:r~-e: ifRaR· !:;--, A·Nr,-vARI At~ c tt·s · -r:·a·R·-r ti-rE: s··· < ·4 t1 2 >-------------·-------------------------------
oF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
SITE 10. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE <NHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
TIME WITHIN 20X OF THE MEAN WITH BOX CONFIDENCE.
-CATEGORY <N = 10) X s_
X
-----2-----------------·-------·--------·------.... ---·----------........ ------------
s N NHAT WITHIN WN WNHAT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------BETULA GLANDULOSA <SEC> 59, 3.8 145.4 10 2
BETULA PAPYRIFERA <SEC> 1. 0.3 1.2 10 41
~---· -SAL I X PULCHRA ( SECY ____________ ------29 ;--------6~-6. --------431 ~ 2----·----------10 ---------------· 21··--·
! SALIX GLAUCA <SEC) 7. 3.1 95.4 10 78
I
l_ ____ SALI~_LANATA <SEC> 3. 1.0 10.8 10 57 I SAL I X ALA X ENS is· {SEC.) -~r. 0-~-,------··s·~--3·------·---l·o-·--------------7 .6-------------------.....
I ALNUS SINUATA <SEC> 1. 0.2 0.2 10 20
I MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC> 97. 33.1 10924.4 10 48
TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MDV£.. 19~; .. 38,7 14981.1 10 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------~
---------~-----
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TABLE A~~ MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES <4M2)
OF SELECTEtt SHtWB SF'EC!E:S tNitiVHilJtiLL Y AND COMBINED FOr~-. . -·-... -------------
SITE 11. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
,. 1 TIME WI TJ~ It~---207.-OF .. THE ___ H~A·N ~-w I r•l. eor.-··-coNr-ltn~NCE. ------·-· --·-···· ---------·--------·------------------------···--------·-··· -··------·--------------------~
CATEGORY <N = :to>
BETULA GLANDULOSA (SEC) -----·----. --
BETULA PAPYRIFERA <SEC>
SALIX PULCHRA <SEC>
SALIX GLAUCA <SEC r--
SALIX LANATA <SEC)
X
38.
2.
4.
3.
1 t
1 •
I.
,J SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC>
i------. . --------. ···--------------------•; ALNUS SINUATA <SEC>
' MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC> 107.
156. ~-·\ . _ TOTAL TIME PER PLOT __ W -~19~~----------_____ .
2
... ---"" ~-
;:)_ s . N ----.. N HAT ---W I T H I N W N -W N H A 1
X
.. 6.7 ""445.6 10 ·-----· ·-···-. " 13"""" ··-
0.9 8.4 10 107
1.2 13.8 10 42 ----·-· .. -·
1 • :L 12.4 10 --57"" """
0.3 o.8 10 55
' 0.2 0.3 10 17 o·;2 ------------o -~ 5 ---·-· -----------------·---r~r--------------3!1 ________
18.2 3327.6 10 12
22.5 5048.0 10 . ... . .... ···--. .. . . ---·--· -------------------·--·-fl ,· --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TABLE 6%, MEANS• STANDARD ERRORS• AN~-VARIANCES FOR TIMES C4M2)
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR WOODLAND BLACK-
WHITE SPRUCE TYPE, N IS NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS, THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAHPLING -UNITS-REQUIRED TO-SAMPLE THE-
TIME WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE,
--2
CATEGORY <N = 20) X s_
X
s N NHAT
--··· --·--· ··-.. ---·-·------· -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------BETULA GLANDULOSA <SEC> 48. 4.5 400.5 20 8
BETULA PAPYRIFERA (SEC> 1. 0.5 4.7 20 92
SALIX PULCHRA CSEC> -16.----4. 4 380.6 20 -58
SALIX GLAUCA CSEC> 5. 1.7 55.5 20 90
SALIX LANATA CSEC> 2. 0.6 6.6 20 84
.',
-------------------------------------------
WITHIN WN WNHAT BMS N= 2 BN BNHAT
295.50 18 6 2289.80 1 41
4.81 18 94 2.45 1 48
222.50 18 34 --------:5225-;80 ---1--492 ___
53.94 18 87 84.05 1 135
5.84 18 74 20.00 1 253
------sALix ALAXENSIS <SEC) ----------1 • ('f;-4----·-2 ;9 _____ --20 ··---70 ·--2.83 . 18-----zi9 3 .. !0 1 B
ALNUS SINUATA CSEC) 1 • 0.1 0.3 20 28 0.34 18 29 -o.oo 1 . 0
MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC> 102. 18.4 6778.3 20 27 7126.00 18 28 520.20 1 3
TOTAL tiME PER PLOT w MOVE -1 n ; ·------22.3 9969.5 20 10014.53 18 -9159.20 1
\ ...
--. --·· ··---------------------------------------------------------------------------------TABLE /347 MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES <4M2>
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR sITE 14. N-fs-fHE ____ N_UMBER--OF--SAMPitN(r-UNtTS ~ --THE-EST IMATEti--SAMPLE _________ ------------····---------·-----·-·-·--·--
SIZE CNHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
TIME WITHIN 20Z OF THE MEAN WITH BOZ CONFIDENCE. . --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CATEGORY <N = 10> X s_
X
2
s N NHAT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BETULA GLANDULOSA CSEC> 79. 8.4 708.5 10 5
WITHIN WN WNH
BETULA PAPYRI FERA ___ (.SECT -· r;-·----(f~ -rr------.. --.s~·a·-------· -----·ro ·----------14 c------·····-------
SALIX PULCHRA <SEC) 6. 3.4 115.6 10 151
SALIX GLAUCA <SEC> 1. 0.3 0.7 10 57
S A L I X L A N AT A ( S E c·) -----·-------·--·-------·--------T~ -. ----0 • 2 0 ~ 4 --------------------1 0 ---------------1: 9 -
SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC> 1. 0.2 0.3 10 17
ALNUS SINUATA (SEC> 1. 0.2 0.4 10 26
M 0 V E T It1 E BETWEEN F' L titS < S E't ) --.. 3 6 ~. 7 • 4 55 2 • () l. 0 18
TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOVE 125. 15.0 2237.8 10
TABLE P>zg MEANS~--St ANtfAi'{tt ___ EI-:RORS; ANti VARIANCES FOR TIMES -(4M2) -
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
SITE 15. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE < NHAT) -:t s·--THE --NUM!n~k--01="-f3AMt-'LTNG--UN ITS f~EtW I r~ED TO SAMPLE --THE-----------------------
TIME WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE •
. ·~ .. _ ----·· --------·· ·-----· . ------·------------------------······· . ·-·-. ------. "-·-. 2 -..
CATEGORY <N = 10) X s_ s N NHAT WITHIN WN WNH
X
·····-·--·-·-··· ------·-----------------------. -· -· -----· ----·---------------· -----------------------· .... --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------BETULA GLANDULOSA <SEC> 63. 6.6 432.0 10 5
BETULA PAPYRIFERA (SEC> 1 • 0.2 0.5 10 39
SALIX PULCHRA < SECY. ---------------------------12·.------_____ ..
4~9 -244.7' ---1 0 ------74
SALIX GLAUCA <SEC> 1 • 0.2 0.2 10 20
SALIX LANATA <SEC> 1 • 0.2 0.3 10 46
SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEt> --------------------------f. --------------·o; 2 0.3 10 31.
ALNUS SINUATA <SEC> 1 • 0.2 0.2 10 20
MOVE TIME BETWEEN f'LOTS <SEC> 125. 23.4 5473.6 10 15
TOTAL TIME PER PLOT w MOVE 203. 21.7 4704.7 10 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TABLE 629 MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES C4M2>
oF sELEtttf,-·sHRUrt·-sF.-£cf£s-n"t~IvintJALLY -ANn-··caHBHftt,-··F·ar.:···-----------------------··--··
siTE 18. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
TI ME W I T H I N 2 0 :9. 0 F . THE ME AN W I T H 8 0 1. C 0 N F :i:t1 E t4 C E ~ .. . .. . . . . -. -··-·--.....
-2
CATEGORY - < N :::···-·· f6) -·---·--------· ----·-x-·-· -------· .. fL. --··-R ··----···--·-··NHAT ... ···-·· WITHIN·---wN·-·--wNHA
X --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BETULA GLANDULOSA -··(SECT" _________________ 43 ~ .... 5.3 .. "278.5 10 ······ ··--7 ·-· ---···----.
BETULA PAPYRIFERA <SEC> 1 • 0.2 0.3 10 31.
SALIX PULCHRA <SEC> 24. 4.8 229.9 10 17
'I SALIX GLAUCA CSEC> . --~----.. -----···--.3 -~· ....... 0. 5 ·; 2.5 . .. 10 16··········· ......
j SALIX LANATA (SEC> 34. 10.4 1072.3 10 38 i SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC> 3. o.a 6.9 10 32'
ALNUS SINUATA -------···· <SEC> -·· --·-·-·-----1 .. --.. ------·-0 ; 1--0.1 10 6
MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC> . 73. 12.5 1566.1 10 13
TOTAL TIME PER PLOT w MOVE 181. 15.3 2344.7 10
.. -. ---··----·-·· -··-.. -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
i TABLE ~Jo MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES (4M2)
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
i SITE 19. N IS THE-NUMBER-OF SAtWLlNG -UNITS. THE ESTH1ATED SAt-1PLE --.... !.: ; SIZE CNHAT> IS THE NUMBEr~ OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
'" • TIME lH THIN 207. OF THE MEAN WITH 807. CONFIDENCE •
-. --·· --.. ·---···---~-~-----------·--------··-····· ----------.. . .... -------··· .. ------·--..... .. . -·-···---------··--. --. -.. ----------·-.... -----------------------
:' .
i.
' I ; /
\
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CATEGOf~Y <N = 10) X s_
X
2
s
BETULA GLANDULOSA CSEC) 31. 5.7 325.3
BETULA PAPYRIFERA-·(sE:c·r-·-----------------T~----------0~2--....... 0.4
SALIX PULCHRA <SEC) 11. 2.9 83.5
SALIX GLAUCA <SEC> 1. 0.3 0.8 SALIX LANATA (SEC>. ····-··---···-----··--··-··-i.---·--···-·---o~:r··-·-···-··-0.3
SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC) 1. 0.2 0.3
ALNUS SINUATA <SEC> 1. 0.7 4.2
MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS CSEC> 74. 13.6 1851.6
TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOVE 121. 2469.2
N
10 --··--·· -------i 0
10
10
iO
10
10
10
10
NHAT WITHIN WN WN~
:l4 · ----2c)·-·--·-----------------------
3o
~59 ____ _. ____ ~------4~6·--------···-··--....... -·----~------
31
103
14
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TABLE 8$/ MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES C4M2J
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDiVtbUALLY ANb COMbiNED FOR WOODLAND BLACK
SPRUCE TYPE, N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS, THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE <NHATJ IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE --·--.. ---. TIME WITHIN 20X OF THE MEAN WlTH BO~-CONFIDENCE, -
-CATEGOf<Y <N = 40>
----BETULA -GlANIIULOSA (SEC)
BETULA PAPYRIFERA <SEC>
SALIX PULCHRA <SEC>
SALiX-GLAUCA--CSECl
SALIX LANATA CSEC)
SALIX ALAXENSIS CSEC)
ALNUS SINUATA <SEC>
MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC>
TOTAL TIME F'Ef< PLOT w MOVE
- X s_
X
54.------"4 ;3 ___ -
1. 0.2
13. 2.2
2
s
748.4 ·-----40"
1.7 40
201.6 ,. 40 -·r;-------o;2·---------1;6-----------4o·--··
9. 3.4 466.6 40
1. 0.3 2.8 40
1. ... -----·--0.2 ·-·· --1. 2 40
77. 9.0 3216.9 40
158. 10.0 3998.8 40 --
NHAT
··u
95
49
45
231
72
58
23
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-------------------
WITHIN WN . WNHAT ---11MS -N= ---4 ---Bw---tl NHAr--:
436.09 -36 -----, -------4-4 95757--3 6'1 ..
1.73 36 98 0.97 3 55
168.42 36 41 600.33 3 146
1.04 36 · 29-----·---------a·~-4 .,---T-232
268.32 36 .. 133 2845.40 3 . 1 408
1.94 36 49 13.43 3 339
1.24 36 60 -0.69 ---"3----'34
2360.83 36 17 13490.03 3 93
2939.08 36 16715.07 3 '' J·~~; ---
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------TABLE B$2. t1EAt4!r;-s·t-f:>..t4DAR_D_E_RR"ord~f~-ANti--iJARfARcts·-Fo_R ___ rtt-fE:s-c4~'12f ____________________________________________ _
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
SITE 16. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE <NHAT> -IS THE-· tWMit[F~ cn:·--sAMF·LTNG UNiTS REQUIRED to SAMPLE THE:--·--------
TIME WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH BOX CONFIDENCE.
·---------------··-~--------------2··----····----------------------·-·-··-· ----------··-··----·--· -----------··--···-··-------
CATEGORY <N = 10> X s_ S N NHAT WITHIN WN WNHA
X ....... ··---······--·-------------------------·---------------···------.. -----. ----. ·---------------------·'" -----------·------·-----------------------------··-----..... ~-----------------.·-··· --· --------------------------------------------------------------------------------BETULA GLANDULOSA <SEC> 28. 4.1 165.8 10 9
BETULA PAPYRIFERA <SEC) 1. 0.1 0.2 10 12 SAL I X f• U L C H R-A -. ("9 E c-·) ----------------5-~--------2--.-.,-------------74-~ ·o -----~---------------1-0------------------------1 4 4------------------· ------· ---------~-·-----
SALIX GLAUCA <SEC> 1. 0.2 0.5. 10 19
SALIX LANATA <SEC> 1. 0.3 0.9 10 37 SAL I X ALAXEN·s·i S ·-(SEC) 1~.-------0-~-3-----·--··-·o·.·lf----·--·------1 0"------------·--·5-5--·-··------··---·-·· -·-. ----·----------------
ALNUS SINUATA CSEC) 3. 2.1, 45.7 10 239
MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC> 74. 16.7 2798.5 10 22
TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOVE 112. 17.3 3002.7 10
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
! '
j .
i I·:
I .
i .
i'
I .
TABLE f>~.3 t1EANS, STANDARD ERRO.RS, AND VARIANCES FOR THiES <4M2>
OF SELECTEII--SHF"dJti-·sF·tCt ES--ttHi1V :i: til)A[L Y ... ANtt···coMil I Nt:It FOR---------···-------------·--··---------·-......
SITE 17. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE <NHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
THiE WITHr"t~ 20i. OF--THE. t·iEAfr-·w:i:TI·.f"80/. CONFIDENCE.
-CATEGORY <N::: lo>·-···---------------·x··--·----s_
BETULA GLANDULOSA <SEC)-· --· --·· ··-----·
BETULA PAPYRIFERA CSEC)
SALIX PULCHRA CSEC) SALIX GLAUCA <SEC) ... -----···---·----------· ·-
SALIX LANATA <SEC>
SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC>
ALNUS SINUATA-(St:C)-·-------·-· ---·
MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC)
TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOVE
4.
2.
1 •
-L
1 t
1 •
1 •
72.
81.
X
····-·---·--1.6
0.7
0.2 o. r··
0.2
0.2
-··· 0.2
7.3
6.8
2
24.1
5.6
0.3
0.2
0.3
0. :~
0.2
532.0
459.4
N -
10
10
10
·1 o· ---
10
10
10
10
10
NHAT WITHIN WN IHHIA
65
103
46
--12
46
31 .. ~ .... ----~ --.. 20
5
-------------~ ·--------*-·---··-···-----~--·-··· ········· -------···-.--· ... -.. . ····-··-····--·-·-·-----·-···--------·-------------------------------* --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------~------------------------------------------------------------------TABLE f>j'{ MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS,--AN-D--VARIA-NCES--F-OR ti:f1Ef:f-( 4112 r ------------"-"-"
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR OPEN MIXED
SPRUCE-BIRCH TYPE, N IS NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS, ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAHPLING-·uNifS-REdiJiRED ·ref SAHPLt-Tfi£ ______ _
TIME WITHIN 207. OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE,
2
---------------------
"-___ " ___ ----------------+
I
CATEGORY <N 20) X s_ s N NHAT WITHIN WN WNHAT BMS N= 2 DN DNHAT
BETULA GLANDULOSA CSECJ
BETULA PAPYRIFERA CSEC>
SALIX PULCHRA CSECJ
SALIX GLAUCA CSEC>
SALIX LANATA CSECJ
SACIJC ALAXENSIS <SEC>
ALNUS SINUATA CSEC>
MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC>
TOTAL tfME.PER PLOT W MOVE
X . ··-··-······------· ----------. --·-·-····-~-.. --· .. ··-·-·----·-····.
16. 3.5 239.0 20 40 94.94
1. 0.4 2.9 20 89 2.89 ----"-:r;·-_" _____ c r----·39; 6-----------20-------250 37.16
1. 0.1 0.4 20 17 0. 36
1. 0.2 o.6 20 46 0.58 ----r .------6. :r-----o·. 5--------20 "--------45-----0. 56
2. 1.1 22.9 20 307 22.98
73. 8.9 1578.2 20 13 1665.25
96;--------9.8---1906.0 20 -" ---1731.03
--""-----------------------------.-
18 16 2832.20 1 465
18 90 2.45 1 76 1B ___ 235--·"" --------a4-;os·---r--·s3o---1
18 17 0.45 1 21
18 43 1.25 1 92 ·"'}
1s -· 47 --" -----o-~"2o--r 17
18 308 22.05 1 295
18 13 11.25 1 1 18-""-· --------so5o-;zo--r--------l
TABLE .8% MEANS-, STAN[tARtt ERRORS, AND VAR I At~CES FOR TIMES <4M2>
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
SITE 8. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
sIZE < NHA if-i s··YHE-tWHB.ER -·OF-SAMPLiNG ··uN f fs ·r~E:!.lUI r~Ett·-·ri:f" SAMt-·U::-·-tHt ___ ------···--·-··---------
TIME WITHIN 20Z OF THE MEAN WITH BOZ CONFIDENCE.
CATEGORY <N :: 10) -X s_
X
2
s N NHAT WITHIN WN
BETULA GLANDULOSA CSEC) 24. 21.3 4517.8 10 322
BETULA PAPYRIFERA <SEC) 10. 4.0 160.3 10 72
SAL I X PULCHRA ~· ( SE·c··)---··-·------------2 .. :--··-·-·I··-;·3·---~-~--~---· -·18 •· 0 ·*··-----·-·k-·lo··--·-·--0<·-··· 185··---· ··-··-
SALIX GLAUCA <SEC> 1. 0.3 O.B 10 39
SALIX LANATA <SEC> 1. 0.1 0.2 10 6 SAL I X ALAXENS IS .. (SEC) _______ --·------·--99 ~--·--------TB ~ 5-----·34 3 9 ~ i -·--------------·· ·-1 0-----------i 5--·-·
ALNUS SINUATA <SEC> 37. 6.9 476.2 10 15
MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC> 112. 20.0 3980.4 10 13 TOTAL TIME PEr< PLOt w·-~1oVE:----------·-2a6·;---·-·--·--46~1 ···21243~9 .. -----·--10··-··--·----·
WNHAT
~
() w------
,. l
f!! J
"j L ... -.
r.·!
"
"I
I I
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TABLE /33/p MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES <4M2)
OF SELECTED SHRUB-SPECIES I~DIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
SITE 9. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE CNHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
TIME WITHIN 20%.-or--nn::-HEAN--W I TH·-·aor.· ·c"ONF IDENCE ;·-·-----------------------------·--·----·-·-------------·-··-·
-2
CATEGOf{Y · < N ·=·· ·roF ___ ·----------------)c--· ---------·-s~ ---------· s ··--·· --
x
BETULA GLANDULOSA --·(SEC.) ----·-----~-···-2. ---. -1. 2
BETULA PAPYRIFERA <SEC> 1. 0.3
SALIX PULCHRA <SEC> 35. 6.7 SALIX GLAUCA <SE"c> ____ ----------------------::;;-1.5
SALIX LANATA <SEC> 1. 0.3
SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC) 32. 8.4 ALNUS S I NUATA <SEC) ------------------·-------::;·;----. -------2. 7
MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC) 143. 9.1
TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOVE 224. 18.1 ...
14.8
0.7
450.6
23.2'
1.2
708.8
73.1 ...
832.5
3262.4
--·-··· --N" ......... NHAT --WITHIN .. WN. --wNHA
10 . 126
10 21)
10 15
-·---"1 0 . 3 7 ..
10 25
10 29 ----10 --------· ----·136--
10 2
10 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
···-TABLE '837-MEANS, stAfHIARf• ERRORS ,--ANiTVAl~TARC'E~s-'F'OR-TIHES-T4H2 r--------. ---------
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR TALL
WILLOW TYPE, N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS, THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAM-PlfNG-lJHilS REtWIRE[I i'O SAMF'LE iHE
TIME WITHIN 20Z OF THE MEAN WITH SOX CONFIDENCE,
-2
CATEGORY <N = 20) x s_ s N
X ···--· ·--.-· .. ---
NHAT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------BETULA GLANDULOSA (SEC> 13. 10.7 2272.1 20 543
BETULA PAPYRIFERA <SEC> 5. 2.2 95.7 20 140
SALIX PULCHRA (SEC> 19. -·------~ 5.1 512.0 20 61
SALIX GLAUCA <SEC> 3. 0.9 16.0 20 73
SALIX LANATA (SEC> 1. 0.2 0.6 20 16
SALIX . ALAXENSiS <SEC> ·--~,5-;---·--12 ;s---3142--;·6 --------20------------31-
ALNUS SINUATA <SEC> 21. 5.2 539.9 20 51
MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC> 127. 11.2 2521.4 20 7
TOTAL TIME PER PLOT w MOVE 255. 25.1 12619.8 20
-·-·---·~
WITHIN WN WNHAT BMS N= 2 BN BNHAT
:!266.31 18 541 2376.20 1 568
80.47 18 118 369.80 1 540
234.31 18 . 28 -------· ---5511','20' ____ 1 ___ -653 ___
11.99 18 55 88.20 1 402
0.67 18 17 0.20 1 5
:!073. 92 18-·:zo·-2'378;-os--1--215
274.68 18 26 5313.80 1 494
~406.45 18 7 4590.45 1 12
1~253.11 18 19220.00 1 --------
-·---·-· ----------------.--... ·-···--------------------·-·····-. --. ·------···--··-------·--------·-·-·---------· -·-. -··-----·-····---· --------------------------------------------------------------------------------TABLE A~8 MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES (4M2>
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
SITE 12. N·Is tl-ii:: NUMBER.OF .. SAt11:·r1tH3.UNITS~-THE:.E:STIHATED SAMPLE ____ ···-.. ······ -.--
SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
TIME WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE. -· ... ---·-·---·-·-...
2
CATEGORY <N = 10> X s_ S N NHAT WITHIN WN WN
. . . ········ ···------·-···------·-·· ········----···--)( ··-··· •.•...
BETULA GLANDULOSA <SEC) 52. 8.8 777.8 10 12 BETULA F'AF'YRIFERA (SEt)·---·-----------------3;··----·------1.8 32.2 ---··-10 -··129 ------------
SALIX F'ULCHRA <SEC) 27. 8.1 656.8 10 37
SALIX GLAUCA <SEC> . 6. 1.7 29.6 10 34 SAL I X LA NATA .. <SEC)-·-·------------------rr;···---·------6; 5 ····-· -A f9. 3 -----· -. ---· -10 ---·-------59···--·----
SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC> 1. 0.3 1.0 10 51
ALNUS SINUATA <SEC> 1. 0.2 0.3 10 17
MOVE TIME B.EiWEi~N--p·c-or·s--<-SE_C_> --6·5·~-------9--; 6--· -----9 i s·;·6---~-----------1·0 -------·-··-.:-9-·----·------·-··--. -----·-·------·
TOTAL TIME F'ER PLOT W MOVE 173. 17.1 2936.2 10
---------------------------~----------------------------------------------------
1 ",
' '~ :
TABLE .f>$9 MEANS, STANDARD EF:RORS, AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES <4M2>
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
SITE 13. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE EST:MATED SAMPLE
s tiE CNl.fA r·r---rs·-ti·H~·-·N"u MBE r~ o Fl~rA-1-rP cnrtruH rnr··r~ru u nn:: rt-r o--·s"A RF'CE"-·r H~----------··-----------·
TIME WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH SOX CONFIDENCE.
·-. ····-. ··--···--· ···-· ------------------·--------.,·-··-· ----------------------·-··----·----------···· . -' . CATEGORY <N ::: 10) X s_ S N NHAT WITHIN
X
····--·--·--·· ·-------· .... ___ . -· ·-·-···---·· ,. . .. . .... --· -· --.. --··· --·-····-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------BETULA GLANDULOSA CSEC> 33. 5.9
BETULA PAPYRIFERA <SEC> 2. 1.2 SALIX PULCHRA <SEC}--·-··--··-··---·-,-----. ---9. ---·---2 ~ 2 .
SALIX GLAUCA <SEC) 5. 2.4
350.8
14.6
47.5
57.0
10 14
10 124 . --10 --------·---23 ..
10 90
10 41
WN \rHm
SALIX LANATA <SEC> . 1 • 0.-3 SAL I X ALAXENS1S -TSECY·----·---~·'"··-----· ·a;---·. ·----() ~ 2. 1.2
--·-·o.3 -···---··-.... 10-""'·--·--·-· ·-·-··· 69····-··--------·-···-·---·---
ALNUS SINUATA <SEC) 1. 0.1
MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC> 194. 75.0
TOTAL TIME PER. f:·L(ff··w··-MOVE --···-·---24 6 ~--·-··-·----74-. 5 -
0.1
56313.6
55442.5
1 0 .• 6
10 62 ·---·· -· ·1 o--·---,--·· ·-·--···---
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
·----------
'
\
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TABLE f>tfO MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES (4M2) OF SELECTED SHRUit .. SF;tc f ES .. TNtl IV I t1UALLY ANti-COMB I NED FOf~ ----· ------------------·-·-··----· --·---··-·-· ·---·-------·
SITE 4. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE <NHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
TIME WITHIN 20%·-·oj::·· tHE: t·1EAN-WIHf-80i(CONt::trtENCE. ··-·------··--------·----·---·· -----····-..
-
CATEGOf~Y <N = ---11>··--------------·-··x·····-·----------s_·
BETULA GLANDULOSA <SECT
BETULA PAPYRIFERA <SEC>
SALIX PULCHRA <SEC> SAL I X GLA UCA <SEC f--. ·--------------··--..... -
SALIX LANATA <SEC>
SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC>
ALNUS SINUATA <SEC> . ~--·"·' ~~ -.......... ------~····---···-
MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC>
TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOVE
X
52. 6.9
4. 2.0
50. 6.6 14 .------····-··-. 4. 9
2. 1.2
1 • 0 ~'4 .. i ~---.... -.. ---··-·(f. 5 ..... .
189. 79d
312. 77.7
2
525.9
45.9
474.3
266.8
17.2
1. 9
3.1
68854.4
66457.0
. 11'' 9
11 124
11 8 --·----------------r-·1--------------------5,3------.-------
11 213
11 37 -· --------· 1r·· ------·-··---1<>7 -----··----
11 ··8o
11
....,_,__, -------~-~ _____ ,. --~----------________________ ,.. ____ ..,. ___________________________ ..,. ------------------------------· -----------·-----
••
• ., ..
•
•
•
•
•
•
... . .. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------TABLE jl.jf ~1 E AN S , STANDARD ERR 0 R S , AND VA R I AN C E S F 0 R T I ME E < 4M2 >
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
'·
SITE 5. --t4-i"S ___ ti={E--N-UMBER·--clF ___ ·sAMF'L:t ~iG--UN I·rs -~---T~iE-Est It-fA tE·n·-·sAMt=·L£ _________ --------· --··-·····--·----·-·
SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
TIME WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE.
-. ··--· --.. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CATEGORY <N = 10) X s_
X
s
2
N NHAT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BETULA GLANDULOSA <SEC) 62. 10.3 1061.7 10 12
BETULA PAPYRIFERA <SECj--1~ 0.2 0.3 10 11
SALIX PULCHRA (SEC> 50. 12.0 1437.7 10 24
SALIX GLAUCA <SEC) 2 • '0 • 6 3.6 10 58 SALIX LANATA -<SEC) ___ -------------·r;·-------------0.2 ---·-... 0~4' -----·------'10 ---.. ---·-'26 ______ _
SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC> 1. 0.2 0.3 10 31
ALNUS SINUATA <SEC> 1. 0.2 0.3 10 31
MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC) 111~ 14.8 2200.9 10 8
TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOVE 227. 28.0 7843.9 10 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
WITHIN \.It
TABLE J~Z MEANS, STANDARD-tRRORS,--AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES (4M2>
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
SITE 6. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
sIZE < NHAT > -I 8--Ti-IEC-NUMilEf~--cYF--SA-MFTi Ncr-UNt t ~f REC~U iRE t,-·ro-tfAM-PIE-tl-iE _______________ -------------
TIME WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE.
CATEGORY <N = 10) X s_
X
s
BETULA GLANDULOSA <SEC> 75. 8.0 635.5
BETULA PAPYRIFERA CSEC) 1. 0.3 1.1 SAL I X PULCHRA-<SEC.)-·------------------------44 ·;-·· ------------7 ;]:·--·---596. i -
SALIX GLAUCA <SEC) 10. 3.3 108.5
SALIX LANATA <SEC> 4. 2.8 78.7
SAL I X ALA X ENS IS <SEC) ·-------·-------2 ~ L i 12 • 2
ALNUS SINUATA (SEC> 1. 0.1 0.2
MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS CSEC> 189. 110.0 120928.9
TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOVE--325~ 111.<) 123273.8
N NHAT WITHIN WN
10 5
10 31 10-----·-··--.. ---13 -------·--
10 50
10 175
10 104
10 12
10 140
10 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
WNHA
I,,:
~ ~-~ .
i ,.
• i ' . : '
l."
TABLE i'/.3 MEANS, STANDARD ERROI\S, AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES (4M2)
OF SELECTEn-·sHRUB SP£ti~S INDIVIOUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
SITE 7. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
TIME WITHIN-2o:r.·or·rHE ME:AN W!TH 801. CONFIDENCE.
-2
CATEGORY <t-( ;; --·Tor·---·----··------·-····--· x·-----·-·---··-·-·--s=-·----···----····--s
X
.. BETULA GLANIIULOSA-CSEC r·---------· ·------39 .-------·-5; 5
BETULA PAPYRIFERA <SEC> 1. 0.1
SALIX PULCHRA <SEC> 25. SALIX GLAUCA-<SEC> _______ ---------------·---·--lf;-----------4.6
SALIX LANATA <SEC> 36. 7.5
SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC) 1. 0.3 ALNUS SINUAT.A .. (SEC> *· . ----·····-----·------------·-·· --i ;···-----0.1
MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC> 139. 27.1
TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOVE 253.
306.0
0.2
266.7
68.0
558.9
0.7
0.1
7355.6
6561.8
.. ·······--· N-----·----NHAT·---·-·wiTHIN --'WN -----w
.... 1 o--------------· ... 9·--------------------·
10 10
10 18 -----1 0 --·· -2 3 ---
10 19
10 .. 15 . 10 --------------·-·---6"-
10 16
10
... '-----------·--· ·-. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
. ----···----------------·-----
-TABLE. Blftf MEAN-S~ -·STANDARi•. E.RR·O-RS ;A Nil VARIANC-ES FOR--T fMES--f4M2 ,-------·---------
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INIIIVIIIUALLY AND COMBINED FOR OPEN LOW DWARF
BIRCH-WILLOW, N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF sAH~[tN~ UNit§ ~EtiUi~tb td sA~~Lt THE
TIME WITHIN 20r. OF THE MEAN WITH BOX CONFIDENCE,
CATEGORY <N = 61) X s_
X
2 s N NHAT
. ·-·----------··----------------. ---------.. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------BETULA GLANDULOSA <SEC>
BETULA PAPYRIFERA <SEC>
SALIX PULCHRA <SEC)
SALIX GLAUCA <SEC>
SALIX LANATA <SEC>
.. SALiX ALAXENSiS <SEC>
ALNUS SINUATA <SEC>
MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC>
TOTAL TiME PER PLOT W MOVE
52. 3.5 749.4 61
2. 0.5 16.2 61
34.--------3.5" . 756.0 ... 61""
a. 1,3 101.4 61
io. 2.3 323.6 61 ··1 ~------o:-2-------2-;e --------61.-
1. 0.1 0.7 61
148. 26.2 41955.5 61
257. 26.6 43174.5 61
12
147
27
66
134
86
38
79
.•
WITHIN WN WNHAT BMS N= 6 BN BNHAT
608.08 55 10 2304.26 5 35
16.27 55 147 15.67 5 142
577.91 55 --21·----2715-;·21.----;5 _____ 95--
92.14 55 60 203.85 5 133
176.33 55 73 1944.13 5 799
"2.70" 55-·az--lft39. ., 1"3....---
0.72 ss 40 0.27 5 15
43235.92 55 81 27870.67 5 52
44165.34 55·-----32274;91· ··5 ----------
'' I ; '
1
' ..
I ,.
---··-·-··-· ---------------
~-... --~ .... ---·-·-· ······---------------------------------~
~~~~~-;~~~~~~;~-;r~~~~~~-~~~~~;~-~~~-~~~i~~~~;-F~~-ri~~;-~4~2~------------------
oF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
SITE 3. N IS 'THE. NUMt{ER-Or:-·sAMF·LI NG. UNITS. . THE EST I MATED ·sAMPLE·-··----------------------
SIZE CNHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
TIME WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE.
2
CATEGORY CN = 9) X s_ S N NHAT WITHIN WN
"------.. ---------·-----------.. ---------" ---------------' )("'"'""'-"""""""-
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------10.0 9 58 BETULA GLANDULOSA <SEC> 3. 1.1
BETULA PAPYR IFERA (SEC) ... --------·· .. -------.. L.----------0. 2 0. 4 " ' •" 9" .... -----" ......... '13·-------' '
SALIX PULCHRA <SEC> 102. 22.6
SALIX GLAUCA <SEC> 22. 17.2
SALIX LANATA <SEC) 1. 0.4
. ···----~--........ , ----,-----~-------------.. --------····---·---·-·----. ---.. ·"' .. ----.
4604.6
2662.5
1.5
9 19
9
9
219
62
.... -------------.. __
SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC> 10. 4.5 178.4 9 ··70
ALNUS SINUATA <SEC> 1,. 0.4 1,8 9 35 MOVE TIME .BETlrfEEtf"F·U:)fs--TSEC)-----2.66-~----.. ··--129 ~T-·. i 5<)05/. 0-... ----·---------9 ---------. -.. -'91 ......... _____ ... ----
TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOVE 401. 149.2 200246.7 9 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
WN
TABLE 6~, MEANSr STANDARD ERRORSr AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES C4M2>
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVttiUAL['r-AND COMBINEir FOR OF·EN LOW -WILLOW
TYPE, N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE CNHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
TIME WITHIN 20Z OF THE MEAN WITH BO~ CONFIDENCE.
·cATEGORY <N = 9)
BETULA GLANDULOSA <SEC>
BETULA F'AF'YRIFERA <SEC>
SALIX F'ULCHRA CSEC>
SALIX GLAUCA <SEC>
SALIX LANATA <SEC>
SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC>
ALNUS SINUATA <SEC)
MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS
-----X 2 s-::.:-·-·---·-s -
X
. 3 .----·-·--1 ;r-· · 10.0
1. 0.2 0.4
102. 22.6 4604.6 -22.--------i1. 2 2662.5 ___
1. 0.4 1.5
10. 4.5 178.4
1. --·-··---------0.4 La
<SEC> 260. 129.1 150057.0
TOTAL TIME F'ER PLOT w MOVE 401. 149.2 200246.7 -. .. --------------
9
9
9 -------9
9
9
9
9
9
. -
58 10.00
13 0.44
19 4604.61
219 2662.50
62 1.50
70 178.44
35 1. 78
91:50057.00
200246.70 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
8
8
8
·sa-----------o;·------o--__ 1 __ _
13 -o.oo o o
19 o.oo 0 1
8 --~ 19 o-;----u-----,--
8 62 0. 0 1
8 70 -o.oo o o :. a 35 -· -------·---=o-;oo·---o--no:---
8 91 o. 0 1
8 -0.01 0
1 .
TABLE ~~7 MEANS,
OF SELECTED
SITE 10. N
SIZE <NHAT>
TIME WITHIN
STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES C10M2>
SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
Is THE--NUMBEFf. OF. SAMF'L I ~l(f-Ul'II ts ~-THE. EST t M4 fE:t1--SAMPLE-
IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE.
---• ··~· •.. ·-· • • -.. --·-·· •¥• .. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2
CATEGORY <N = 10) X s_ S N NHAT WITHIN WN WNHA ---x-·--------------------·-------------------------·------------
BETULA GLANDULOSA <SEC) 84. 11.2 1245.6 10 8
BETULA PAF'YRIFERA--lSEC)·--·--------------I.---·--·--· 0.4 1..4 ·10 73
SALIX PULCHRA <SEC> 36. 8.2 675.1 10 22
SALIX GLAUCA <SEC> 13. 5.1 259.4 . 10 67 SAL I X LANATA ( St:C r···------------cr:..f.o?:ncsk_.l36~-3 -~ 19572 r; 8 ---···-· ------1 o··-·--------··-·391 _____ ------··
SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC> 2. 0,7' 4,9 10 51
ALNUS SINUATA <SEC> 2. 0,4 1.8 10 30 ..
t10VE TIME BETWEEN F'LOnf-""(SECT _____ 46;··--·--·-··-·· 5~8 .. 341.6 --·10 .. ... 7
TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOVE 322. 137.4 189708.2 10 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TABLE i>'/E MEANS, STANDARD ___ EifFfORS,-AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES TiOM2)--
0F SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
SITE 11. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE sIZE < N•iA t f····x~s··-T-~iE--NUMiteER·--·or:·-sA-Mf:·[·t-NG ---UN i-T Ef-RE:au I RE:t1 --TO s·AMF·t:E·---fHE ____________ ----------------------
TIME WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE.
CATEGORY <N = 10) -X s_
X
2
s N NHAT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BETULA GLANDULOSA <SEC> 44. a.o 638.4 10 14
WITHIN WN WNHA'
BETULA PAPYRIFERA (SEC> 1. 0.7 5.6 10 118 _______________ _
SAL I X PLJLCHF~A <SEC)-------~-------------5 ~-----·-------6~-8--·--------. 6. 8 ---.. --------1 0-----------i 2-------------------
SALIX GLAUCA <SEC> 10. 2.6 ' 68.9 10 31
SALIX LANATA <SEC> 1. 0.2 0.5 10 12 SALIX ALAXENSIS. (SEtT---------------1-.---------(L2·------------0~2 ---10 ______________ 2o··---... ----·------·---~--
AL.NUS SINUATA <SEC) 1. 0.2 0.3 10 17
MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC) 114. 6.1 376.9 10 2
TOTAL TIME PER PLOT ··w---MOVE ---------T77~---7.8 611.8 -1()---------... -..... -----~------------------
TABLE A~9 MEANSr STANDARD ERRORSr AND ~ARIANCES FOR TIMES <10M2>
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR WOODLAND BLACK-
WHITE SPRUCE TYPE, N 19 NUMBER 0~ 9AHPLINB UNITS,--THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
TIME WITHIN 20X OF THE MEAN WITH BOX CONFIDENCE, -..... -
----------------------------------------------~----------------------------------
2
CATEGORY (N = 20) X s_ S N NHAT ------·-----·----···--x·------·-· ----------------···--·---· ---· ----.
BETULA GLANDULOSA <SEC> 64, 8,1 1315.6 20 14
BETULA PAPYRIFERA <SEC> L-------0.4----3,4 ---20 --.106
SALIX PULCHRA <SEC> 20, 5,4 574,2 20 57
SALIX GLAUCA <SEC> 11, 2.8 157,9 20 53 SALIX LANATA <SEC> --------,-=._11)-?;,. ~k·-i6il";2--92999;a ______ 20 __ _ -769
SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC> 1, 0.4 2.9 20 65
ALNUS SINUATA <SEC) 1. 0.2 1•1 20 31
MOVE TiME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC)--·ao;·---------8.8 ___ i.56o;a ------~ ----20 11
TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOVE 250, 69.0 95256,7 20
-------·--·-·----
•
WITHIN WN WNHAT BMS N= 2 BN BNHAT
.... --------·---------------------
941.98 18 10 8040.05 1 80
3.52 -1a 109--------l-;-zs--·r·---39--
340.92 18 34 4774.05 1 473
164.16 18 55 45.00 1 15
92961.14 1s ---·na cts•rn;·;2o--r-----,9o--
2.56 ta 58 a.4s 1 190
1.07 18 29 2.45 1 65
359.25 ---19 ---3------"231BB-;--os----l-----l50 __ .. _
94660.01 18 105996.80 1
TABLE B$0 MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES <10M2>
OF sELECTEtt .. ,ElHRlJB .. ~~ SF·-Et'I Es ···1 ND 1\J I r,-UAL.L y··--AND .. COMB INErt FOR --··---·------------------------------
SITE 14. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
TIME ·wlTHitf-.. 267.-OF--t-HE. "MEAN-t.fitH. 807. CONFIItENCE. ----··-----·---------··-· ----
-2
CATEGORY ---x----------s::-·---------g -------------------__________ ti ______ -------NH AT ____ {.fi T HI N----w n----w N H A
X
BETULA GLANDULOSA <SEC> ----. -------. ----------... _ 92. --7.2 520.8 10 3
BETULA i='APYR I FERA <SEC> 1 • 0.1 0.1 10 6
SALIX PULCHRA <SEC> 16. 11.8 1388.5 10 234
SALIX GLAUCA <SEC) ------------------1 • 0.3 1 • 1 10 ..... 2B
; I SALIX LANATA <SEC> 1 • 0.7 4.7 10 192
SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC) 1 • 0.2 0.3 10 31
ALNUS SINUATA (SEC> -1 • 0.3 0.8 10 55
MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC> 49. 4.4 193.6 10 4
TOTAL TH1E PER PLOT w MOVE 161. 14.9 2216.5 10
--······--.. ···-·-------.. ---. --•... --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
' l'
I :•
!
I,
!
. ---··------·-----··----~------
·-·· --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TABLE BS/ MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES (10M2)
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
.',
SITE 15. .. N -IS iHE NUHBE rt·-or-·-SAMF·L I NG-UNITS. . THE EST I MATED SAMPI~E·----···-·------·----···-----· . ------·--------
SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
TIME WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE. . .. ·---·--·· . -. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CATEGORY <N = 10) X s_
X
2
s N NHAT
BETULA GLANDULOSA (SEC> 85 • 10 2
WITHIN WN WNHj
BETULA PAPYRI FERA-<SEC f--·-----·----------·-·-L-----10. . .... --2<Y ··---..
SALIX PULCHRA <SEC> 24. 10 80
SALIX GLAUCA <SEC> 1. 10 ;31
: SALIX LANATA <SEC> 1. 10 46
\ SALIX ALAXENSIS (SEC> 1. 10 12 "-·--· .............. " ........ '"' ' ..... _ ....... --.. ---·-·--------.. ·-----------.. --____ , _________ ............. -.................. -.. ----· -.-...... _ ... _ .. -. ....... -·-------------
ALNUS SINUATA <SEC> 1. 0.2
MOVE TIME. BETWEEN .P{iifif-fsE:c·r-----r:fo·;-·--· ...... 20 .1.
TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOVE 243. 22.6
0.4
· ·4o2a .1
5089.2
10 .. ·~ . ··-·····.
10
10
26
10
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------•
! ,·
,.; t
~
-I r
------------------------------------------------------------------------------~-
TABLE 8$"2-MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR T!t~ES (10M2)
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
SITE 18. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE <NHAT> iS THE NUM!ltr-:·or. -SAMF'LING UNITS RECWIREtt TO SAMF'Lt.THE
TIME WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE.
2
CATEGORY <N :::: 10) X s N
X . -...•. -·----·· ------. ---. .. -
NHAT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------BETULA GLANDULOSA <SEC) 57. 3.6 128.2 10 2
BETULA PAPYRIFERA <SEC> 1 • 0. 1 0.2 10 12
SALIX PULCHRA <SEC) ·------------··--·-·----·-44; .... . 7·. 9 -620.4 10 14
SALIX GLAUCA <SEC> 6. 2.2 48.3 10 66
SALIX LA NATA <SEC) 17. 7.1 505.9 10 73
SALIX ALAXENSIS --<SE:tT .. ------------~-------·-· -· -... 3. -······-·-------·-· 1~6 25.7 1o· .. ··-----·-----103 _______
ALNUS SINUATA <SEC> 1 • 0.5 2.9 10 62
MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS (SEC> 68. 5.5 302.4 10 3 .. -TOTAL TH1E PER PLOT w MOVE 197. 14.5 2101.8 10
WITHIN WN WNH
TABLE l>$3 MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES (1OM2)
OF SELECTED-SH~UB Sf~tit~-i~tii0I~DALL~ AND COMBINED ~bR -
SITE 19. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
TIME WITHIN 20X OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE.
2
CATEGORY X ~;-:---------g--·--------------------------N------NHAT _____ WI THI N----wR---wN
X
BETULA GLANDULOSA lSEC)
BETULA PAPYRIFERA <SEC)
SALIX PULCHRA <SEC>
... ------------40 ~ .. -------6. 2
SALIX GLAUCA <SEC)
SALIX LANATA <SEC>
SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC)
ALNUS SINUATA <SEC>
MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC>
TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOVE
1 •
15.
1-.
1 +
o. i ;· ----
130.
. 188.
-·-·· ........ . ·' --·
0.2
3.6
0 ._2
0.1
0.2
0.2
29.5
27.3
381.6 ------10 --·· -·· 10
0.3 10 31
131.3 10 23
0.3 10 31.
0.2 10 12
0.3 10 .69
0.3 10 31
8689.6 10 22
7428.7 10 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TABLE 8!i'f MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AN[\" VARIANCES .FOR TIMES <10M2)
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR WOODLAND BLACK
SPRUCE TYPE, N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS, THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
.. -----·--SIZE ··tNHAT> iS THE NUMBER tiF-SAHPLtNG-tJt~ltS--REGUtRE[•-TO -SAMt-'LE tHE
TIME WITHIN 20~ OF THE MEAN WITH 80Z CONFIDENCE,
·-· ·---=------·· --·--·--· ---·---2-----------···
CATEGORY <N = 40) x s_ s N
X . . ·------... -
NHAT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------BETULA GLANDULOSA <SEC> 69. 4.4 761.5 40 7
BETULA PAPYRIFERA <SEC> 1. 0.1 0.2 40 15
SALIX PULCHRA (SEC> 25. . -4.7 .... ;·993;9 --40 60
SALIX GLAUCA <SEC> 2. 0.6 15.8 40 162
SALIX LANATA (SEC> 5. 2.0 168.0 40 299
SALIX ALAXENS:i:S <SEC> ---r:------o-0\----7 ;-4-------------40 -·------------195
ALNUS SINUATA <SEC> 1. 0.2 1. 1 40 57
MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC> 94. 10.5 4409.3 40 21
TOTAL TIME PER PLOT w MOVE --i 97~------i6. 9-----4769. ·=r-· ·· 40
... ------·--·---------·--. -------------------:-
WITH It~ WN WNHAT BMS N= 4 DN BNHAT
337.67 36 3 5847.63 3 51
0.19 36 15 0.17 3 13
817.32 36 55 ·-----1B13-;3T----3--12 ...
12.48 36 128 55.53 3 569
127.75 36 228 651.13 3 1158 ---6.6i -36-174--7.17 ~~1--_-
1.11 36 57 1.20 3 61
3303.42 36 16 17679.22 3 82
4209.05 36 ii 4 97-;6"3" ____ 3 ---
;: !··-..
,_.I
..
' --····· -----··· ----·-·· --· ·-· . . ----... -------· ---·---.. ---· ···------------··--.. ·-·-... ··-·-·--·--. ·---·--------~-
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ -i 5:? ~ E ~ N 5 ~-5 ~ ~ N ~ ~ R ~~-~ R R; R 5 ~ .. ~ N ~~-v ~ R i ~ N ~ E 5-~oR-~ i ~ ~ s-~ ~ ~ ~; >--------------.. -
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
sITE 16. N ...... I S --~t~~E: -NUHBER·-·o,:---·sAMF·[ tNG·~-UNt tS ;· ···-·tl~E--E·sr·i MA tEtl--SAMF·LE·--------------... --------------__ .. _
SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
TIME WITHIN 20~ OF THE MEAN WITH 80~ CONFIDENCE.
2
CATEGORY <N = 10> X s_ S N NHAT WITHIN WN WNH1 .. . ·-". ------' --------------------·------------·------x--·-------------........ ---------------------· . -.. , "--------------------------·-.. ·--............ ---··-----
BETULA GLANDULOSA <SEC> 18. 6.0 365.3 BETULA F'APYR I FERA--(SECT ________ --------------7 ~ ----------4. o-·--..... 158 ~ 7 -----
SALIX PULCHf<A <SEC> 8. 4.2 174.7
SALIX GLAUCA <SEC> 5. 3.4 114.8 SAL I X U1NATA -(SEc·r····-------------------·---··-----r·;·-· -------------()';3 --------o.a
0.6 SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC) 1. 0.2
. ALNUS SINUATA <SEC> 20. 8.1
MOVE TIME r{ETWEEN PLOTS (SEC) _____________ i19.
TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOUE 178.
38.6
48.8
651.6
14900.4
23789.2
10 46 --··1-0 -··-·~··----·-·--·-···13:5-·--· -·····
10 128
10 196 10 -. ------------26 ... ------
10 fa
10 69
10 44
10
..
~ I '
i
i
\'
f
/': :I
! !
''
TABLE /;-f(p MEANS, Sf.ANDARD t:RRORs,· AND VARIANCES. FOR TIMES (10M2)
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
SITE 17. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE < Nl-iAT y···rs tHE::-·NUM!itFr-tH:'-8AHF;L l No·· UN I fS f~EQU! F<ED TO SAMPLE-THE
TIME WITHIN 20Z OF THE MEAN WITH 80Z CONFIDENCE.
CATEGORY <N = 10> X s_
X
s N
... ---·-·· ----- - -
NHAT WITHIN WN WN
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------BETULA GLANDULOSA <SEC>
BETULA PAPYRIFERA <SEC>
SALIX PULCHRA <SEcT· . .. --------·--·-----------------
SALIX GLAUCA <SEC>
SALIX LANATA <SEC>
SALIX ALAXENSIS .. csE:cr······· -----------~--~---------------
ALNUS SINUATA <SEC>
MOVE Tit1E BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC>
TOTAL TIME F'Ef~ F·Cot-W MOVE·--·---·------
3. 1 • 1
7. 2.9
.._. 0 • 0.2
1 • 0.2
1 • 0.2
1-• ...... ------· ... 0 •. 2.
1 • 0.2
82. 11.4 9 5 ~----·-··---12.4
12.2 10
82.4 10
0.3 lo
0.2 10
0.3 10
0.4
---._ _______ .
10
0.2 10
1288.4 10
1533.9 10
69
73 .. ---............... 6 r; ..... -·--.................. -........ -----------.... ·-
20
31 26. -· ........... -......... -... -... _ ....... ________ _
20 .. 8
~
~
"' --~ .. -----·-··---------·----
TABLE ~$7 HEANSr STANDARD ERRORSr AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES (10M2>
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR OPEN MIXED
SPRUCE-BIRCH TYPE. N IS -NUMBE~ OF SAMPLING UNITS. ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE <NHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
TIME WITHIN 20X OF THE MEAN WITH BOX CONFIDENCE,
CATEGORY <N = 20>
BETULA GLANDULOSA (SEC>
-BETULA PAPYRIFERA <SEC>
SALIX PULCHRA <SEC>
SALIX GLAUCA <SEC>
SALIX LANATA <SEC) .
SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC>
ALNUS SINUATA <SEC>
MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC>
TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOVE
·----···-------·-···
X
10.
s_
X
3.5 --7 ;-------2. 4 -
4. 2. 2
3. 1. 7 r;-------o. 2 -----
1.
10.
101.
137.
0.2
4.5
20.0
26.3
2
s N
242.1 20
·114;~r--------2o-
96.2 20
59.1 20 0. b --------------20".
0 .s 20
403.7 20
8020.9
13829.9
20
20
NfiAT
91
99
253
309
32
22
159
33
--------------------------------------
__ __j
I
WITHIN WN WNHAT BMS N= 2 BN BNHAT
.I
188.76 18 71
120.53 18 -104
87.49 18 230
1201.25 1 451 '' 0.20 ---1------1-~
252. 05 1 662 '"\
57.50 18 301
0.52 18 30
88.20 1 461 . 1 • 25---_1 ___ 71 __ . -
0.51 18 21 o.8o 1 33
325.90 18 129 1805.00 1 711
8094.40 18 33 6697 ,80 ____ 1 _____ 28--
12661.52 18 34861.25 1
---------------------
'.
I,. ! . i
. l
i '
1.
··············--·--· ----------------------------------------------
TABLE 8~g MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES (10M2)
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
sITE a. N -:i: s .. THE NUtH~Ei:~-OF-·SAMF·l.I NG-DN t TS .----THE E:sttMATE:t• --SAMPLE----------·----------------------------------
SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
TIME WITHIN 20X OF THE MEAN WITH BOX CONFIDENCE. --· .... ·----· ---. . . . --· ·--. ------···--------· . ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2
CATEGORY <N = 11> x s_ s .. ------------------------------... -......... --.-----------·-·x· ------. ·-. ---. --------------
BETULA GLANDULOSA (SEC) . A7. :1 ,,, ~1<-'J 25 • 3 7054 • 6
BETULA F'APYR I FERA .(SEC)-··-------------·-------24 .--·-----·--i 0; 0 ---. --1092.8
SALIX PLILCHRA <SEC) 11. 5.2 301.6
SALIX GLAUCA <SEC> 1. 0.3 0.7
SALIX LANATA <SEC)····-----------------------2;------------1 ~-3 18.2·---------·-
SALIX ALAXENSIS (SEC> ' 99. 9.8 1055.0
ALNUS SINUATA <SEC) 55. 7.1 553.6
MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS (SEC> 101. 18.4 3732.9
TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOVE 341. 45.1 22352.4
N NHAT
11 .... "11""
11
11
··--·11"
11
11
11
11
133 . 77 ..... .
98
35
157-
5
·8
15
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
WITHIN WN WNH
i .. '
• i ~ :
\·
·--··-. . ---------------.... -------------------------
TABLE B~1 MEANS, STANDARD ERRtlRS, AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES <1OM2)
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
SITE 9. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
S! ZE .( NHAtr IS -·THE-NUMilEF'(-oF·--sAMPLt Nif-UN ITS f~EGUI f~Et1 TO -·sAHF'Lt--iHE: ____________ ·-·-·--·---------------··------------
TIME WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE.
-CATEGORY <N = 9) X s_
X
s NHAT WITHIN WN WI
-. -·· --····· -------------------------·------------------·· --------------------------------------------------------------------------------BETULA GLANDULOSA <SEC> 13•P'~~~ 12.1
BETULA PAPYRIFERA <SEC> 6. 3.6 SALIX PlJLCHRA--(trE:cT---------------35 • --·--------6 ;·1 ----..... .
SALIX GLAUCA <SEC> 24. 10.2
SALIX LANATA <SEC> 6. 4.1
SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC>
ALNUS SINLJATA <SEC>
27.
9.
6.7
4.0
1317.2
119.4
333.0
944.0
153.6
406.9
142.8
9 309
9 141 9 -·· ------------12' -----.
9 65
9 169
9 24
9 66
MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC) 158. 30.3 8254.8 9 14 TOTAL TiME. F'EFf .FTtlf -·w -MtHJE---------279·~------·------3 :i.. 0 ___ .. ·-·a654; 9 -----------------.-9---------------. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
~~sL~-t4o-~~~~~:-~~~~;~R;··~R~~R~:-~~;-~~RiA~~~~-;~R-~i~~~-~~~~;;----------------
oF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR TALL
WILLOW TYPE. N IS THE NUMBER-OF SAHPLINO UNITS; THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE CNHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
TIME WITHIN 20Z OF THE MEAN WITH BOX CONFIDENCE.
CATEGORY CN = 20) X s_
X
2
s N NHAT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------BETULA GLANDULOSA CSEC> 32 ••• ~"""· 15.1 4560.0 20 187
BETULA PAPYRIFERA CSEC) . -16~ 6 .o·· · -· 712.6 20 115
SALIX PULCHRA CSEC> 22. 4.7 441.5 20 39
SALIX GLAUCA CSEC> 12. 5.2 542.2 20 168
.. -·-·----------------·
WITHIN WN WNHAT BMS N= 2 BN BNHAT
-~i 4504.65 18 185 5556.81 1 228 .-.. ~·-·
660.14 18 107 --------1656 ;42·------1--20
315.57 18 28 2709.02 1 234
419.95 18 131 2741.87 1 850
SALIX LANATA CSEC> -----·-·-4. 2; () ·---··-79;3·-· --------2o··---206"--· 78.36 ---18 -::·206 _____ 76".42 1 20"1 1,:;:r
SALIX ALAXENSIS CSEC> 67. 10.2 2085.5 20 20 766.98 18 8 25819.44 1 240 . 'i~
ALNUS SINUATA CSEC) 35. 6.7 892.2 20 31 371.01 18 13 10272.78 1 354
MOIJE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS CSEC> 127. 11.1 6283.2 20 16 5742.60 18 15 16014.22 1 --·:u----
TOTAL TIME PER PLOT w tlOVE 313. 28.6 16404.8 20 16264.62 18 18928.72 1
I .
: ..
i
',
TABLE~~~ MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES :10M2>
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
SITE 12. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE CNHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE TIME WI t~if N--·2or.-·-or:·-fHE···liEAN .. -w·l-1'ft-·aor.··-coNt I DENCE ~----· . -····-·· -----------·---------·--------------------·----------------· -----------------
CATEGORY <N·=···ror··-------··-------·x·-----------·s.:..--··--s
X
2 - N --NHAT WITHIN WN ---WN
BETULA GLAND UL 0 SA.( SEC) ------------73-;-~-----6 ; <r-------4 8 0 -~ i----------·ro·-------4·--------·---
BETULA PAPYRIFERA <SEC> 3. L2 15.3 10 80
SALIX F'ULCHRA <SEC) 38. 7.5 555.3 10 16
SALIX GLAUCA
< sE:tT ___________ .. _ .. _______
ff~-----------~r.-~r------'i i 1 • 8 10 --................ -----. 41 -----~ .-------···-. ·---
SALIX LA NATA <SEC> 27. 6.8 467.0 10 27
SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC> 4. 1.3 15.8 10 34
ALNUS SINUATA <SEC) 1 • 0.4 1.3 10 37
MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC> 61. 11 ~ 1 1240.4 10 14
TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOVE 219. 15.1 2280.5 10 (-------·--.... -_::·:.:.·.:·.:-.:-...:-.:-=::::-=:.---------·-----_-__________________________ ·:.--=-=-=:.:: ..:.:=-::::-=-::=-=.·.:..-=·::::·.:-..::::::::·:.:-.::::.·::·.:..::·.::.:.:::.-:.;;:;:.·::-.:::::.:::--::·.::-.::---------------..... ------~
-...()
~ 1 ' :
TABLE ~2.. ME AN S , STAN DAR D E H R 0 R S , AND VA R I AN C E S F 0 R T HiES < 1 0 M 2 )
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
SITE 13. N fS tH£ NUH9E~ OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE.
SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
TIME WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE.
-·-··· _, . --·-· --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2
CATEGOF~Y <N = 10> X s_ s N NHAT
X
BETULA GLANDULOSA <SEC> 46. 7.6 576.7 10 12
BETULA PAPYRI FERA . (SEC) .. -----------··----. 1 ;·· -··· ·----····· 0 t 2 0.3 10 . ··-. -----·-17
SALIX PULCHRA <SEC> 15. 3.8 148.2 10 27
SALIX GLAUCA <SEC> a. 2.7 72.1 10 48
SALIX LANAtA <SEC) . -··-···--·-· ···-·--·-·--·-·-·-··-2 ;--------·--··o. 6 .. --··· 3.8 ---·-··io ····---·-62
SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC> 1 t 0.2 0.5 10 39
ALNUS SINUATA <SEC> 1 • 0.2 0.3 10 46 .. MOVE TIME [o{ETWEEN F'LOTS <SEC> 132. 26.4 6956.0 10 17
TOTAL TIME PER PLOT w MOVE 204. 33.1 10925.3 10
\ ·-·---.···-· ----· ,; ~
WITHIN WN WN~
----.. -----·-·---~---·---·----------------
TABLE Bft;3 MEANS, STANDARD--ERRORS, -AN[I--V-ARIANCES-FOR-TIMES <10M2) ___ ----··· --------------------------------------------------
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
SITE 4. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE SIZE < NHAT > .. iS ... fH·E~·-NUt·1DE·r~-o·r:~-~fAMF~·L·i.NG .. (jNt·ts···r~EouiREtt r·o SAMF'L·E·--tHE ---~ .. ----------~--~----------·--~--~ -~--~-------~~--···-----
TIME WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH BOX CONFIDENCE.
2
CATEGORY <N = 10) X s N NHAT WITHIN WN WNHA --·-----------------·-------·-------··---------·--------------------------------·------------
X
.. ····-----···-----·--·----------------------------------·-------··.--------····--·-·--------------------.... -------~------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------BETULA GLANDULDSA <SEC> 79. 6.2 386.8 10 3
BETULA PAPYRIFERA <SEC> 1. 0.2 0.2 10 6 SAL I X PULCHRA (SEC) ------------------------. 84 • 6~3~:-····397.4 1 () . . .. ---3 -----
SALIX GLAUCA <SEC> 46. 20.6 4253.3 10 82
SALIX LANATA <SEC> 3. 1.1 13.2 10 65"'
SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC)---3.-0.7 5.4 10 3~5
ALNUS SINUATA <SEC) 1. 0.3 1 • 1 10 31
MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC> 231. 113.1 127970.9 10 98
TOTAL TIME PER PLOT w·MDVE -448. -124.1 154006.5 1"0 ·----·····---·-·· --·-----·----------··-----
TABLE 8,~ MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES (10M2>
OF SELECTEtl SHRUB ·sPEC 1 E:s· ·:r ND1 VI DUALLY AND COMB I NED f'Of~ -
SITE 5. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE CNHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
TIME WITH! N··2o1.· OF . THE HE:Alr·w I TH-801.--CONi-Ir1ENCE; -. ---..
-CATEGORY c N ··=·· --·1 <n----·-·-----·-· ··--·x-·-·-··
BETULA GLANDULOSA. ·c SEC)····------
BETULA PAPYRIFERA CSEC)
SALIX PULCHRA <SEC>
SALIX GLAUCA <SEC)
SALIX LANATA <SEC>
SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC)
ALNUS SINUATA <SEC>
MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC>
TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOVE
72.
2.
48.
2.
1 •
1. i..
142.
268. --·· --.. ·--·------. ·-. ---··-·--
2 s:-----·----· ·· s
X
6.9
0.4
4.6
0.3
0.2
0. :1.
0.1
30.7
27.9
481.4
2.0
213.8
0.9
0.3
0.1
0.2
9440.4
7800.7
10
1. 0
10 10 ......
10
10
10
10
10
4
25
4
····-18 -···
17
6
1\) ······-..
20
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------. ·-. ·-·· ········----------~·--·-
~
~
'.
~~;~~-8~?~~~~~~-~~~~~~~~~-~~~~~;~-~;~~~-~~~~~~~~~-;~~-~~~~;-~~~~;~------------------
0F SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
SITE 6. N IS .THE NUMBEf( tlf=' -SAMF'CING ·nNtrs;-IHE ESTIMATEtl .. SAMF·U~---·-----------------·--···· --··--·------------·-
SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
TIME WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE.
. . ~-----· . ----·· . -·---. . -----·-·
2
CATEGORY <N = 10) X S_ S N NHAT WITHIN WN WNHAl -········-···---·-····-----··-----·--------··-----·-·----·--·---· x·---·-····
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BETULA GLANDULOSA <SEC) 94. 8.5 10 4
BETULA PAPYRI FERA (SEC) ....... ----------· i; .. . ...... 0. 4. 724.4
1.3
487.4
·1o ------·-···ss·--·------·------·-··----·-·-------·------------
SALIX PULCHRA <SEC> 52. 7.0
SALIX GLAUCA <SEC> 8. 2.7 74.2 SALIX LANATA <SEC> --·-----··-------------··s;·------·---2.4-----·· 58.0
SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC> 1. 0.5 ,. 2.3
ALNUS SINUATA <SEC> 2. 0.5. 2.5
MOVE TIME BETWEEN F'LOTS .. (SEC> ··-· ···131. 38.3 14640.1
TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOVE 294. 39.6 15649.3
10 8
10 45 . 1 0 --···········--····-·-9 6·-·--·-···--·------· ···--------
10 48
10 40
10 35
10 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------. ··----·-·-··---·~-··-···
~
i
! '
(
! .. :
I
, ' I
~~;~~-.84Z-~~~Nsi~srANDAR~~~ERR~Rs~-AN~--~A~~-AN~Es-;~~-~~~Es~-~~~~;;.=-~=~-~----~~-~~=-~~ --·---··· ·-· --------------
oF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FJR
SITE 7. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTiiATED SAMPLE
SIZE <NHAT) IS -THE-NUMfiER OF. SAMPLING-UNITS REQUH~ED TO SAMPLE THE·-------------------------------·----------
TIME WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE.
-CATEGORY <N = 10) X s_
X
2
s N NHAT WITHIN WN WN
... -·--------------------------·----··-------------__ , ··-------... -... -----------·-·· --------------------------------------·-· ------------·---------------·----------------------------------------------------------------------BETULA GLANDULOSA CSEC)
BETULA PAPYRIFERA CSEC)
SAL! X PULC}~F~A <SEt> ... -----·--~ ---~--·· ---
SALIX GLAUCA <SEC>
SALIX LANATA <SEC)
SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC>
ALNUS SINUATA <SEC)
39.
1 •
28.
26.
38.
1 •
1 •
7.2
0.3 ... --2.6
10.6
5.3
0.2
Od
518.5
0•7
68.7
1128.2
280.4
0.6
0.1
MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC> 251. 80.8 65326.4
TOTAL TIME PEr~ PLOT W MOVE --·3a4.---·------.. --·~f6.C 74190.7
10
10
-'10.
10
10
10
10
15
213 . ---·-------.A -----... .. ....
68
8
113
6
·-----------------------... ----..
10
10
43
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
. -
rAs~i-8~7-~iA~~:-~rA~DARn-iRRoR~:-A~D-~ARIA~~i~-FoR-rr~i~-~io~;)----------------
oF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR OPEN LOW DWARF
---~··· -~-BIRCH-WILLOW. N IS THE NUMBER OF··-sAHPLING .. UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMF·LE----
SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
TIME WITHIN 20~ OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE.
2
-----------·------------------·-··----
CATEGORY <N = 60> x s_ s N NHAT WITHIN WN WNHAT BMS N= 6 BN BNHAT ·-·-· --------x··----··.
BETULA GLANDULOSA <SEC> 67. 3.8 852.3 60 8 528.08 54 5 4354.35 5 40
BETULA F'APYRIFERA <SEC> 1. 0.2 3.5 60 67 3.30 54 . 6 3 ---5;35·-----5-· -·-102--
SALIX PULCHRA <SEC> 44. 3.6 757.4 60 17 311.82 54 7 5569.12 5 118
SALIX GLAUCA <SEC) 17. 4.3 1094.8 60 159 940.10 54 137 2765.20 5 402
SALIX LANATA <SEC) ·---13 ;-· -------2 I 4. --339;o 60. 89 137.13 54 ·---36·-----2sia-;7s--5----o5~
SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC) 2. 0.3 5.4 60 64 4.11 54 49 19.83 5 234
ALNUS SINUATA <SEC> 1. Ool 0.9 60 35 0.91 54 33 1.35 5 49 . .. ~:[ -HOVIC 'rIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC> 158~------25.4 38647~6 60. --64 37595.70 54 62' -·---------5oooa-; 32 --·s ·-----a-2____._
TOTAL TIME PER PLOT w MOVE 303. 28.3 48165.6 60 44142.17 54 91618.75 5
•
•
• •
l
I
• 1.~;
• ., I
j 1
: ·r 1
·I··:: -
"' ! ;-i 1'1:
TABLE 8'g MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES (10M2>
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
SITE 3. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
,. -'.. ..... --·--,. ........ ··-· --~ ~~-.. . . .. . . -·· ··-··-··---~--. ---· ·-. --··--... ~ -----· -----~~------~
SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
T I M i:. WI f Hl N ----~ o·% --0 r--TH £ ... Ht:-tHr~II i l·f-IHf~C C C N r-t t1 EN C r::-~-·---------------·--------------------------------------····--
-2 cAT EGo R v · ------n:r--;;-· -----crr--------------·-x--· --------------------s _ ·-------------s ---------------------------~-r NHAT ---------wITH I N-----wN----w
x
BETULA GLANDULOSA . <SEC> ----... .. .. i3~ 11.6 1216.8 9 ------"'295
BETULA F'APYRIFERA <SEC> a. 6.4 366.5 9 211
SALIX PULCHRA <SEC) 131. 24.3 5300.5 9 13
SALIX GLAUCA (SEC) ____ --------------.. ---·····-. 8 ;··· ---5.() 224.6 .. -------. --·--------9---------14 8----------
SALIX LANATA <SEC> 2. 0.9 7.7 9 64
SALIX ALAXENSIS (SEC) C' .Jt 3.5 111.3 9 .. 183
ALNUS SINUATA <SEC) ·-.. '" ----· -----1 • 0.3 o.a 9 31
MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC) 251. 1 O~i • 5 100167.3 9 65
TOTAL TIME PER PLOT w MOVE 420. 93.3 78267.9 9
----------------. -·· '. ----------·--------------·-···· ..... ·----.... --· ----···-··-····----··---······-·-----·-··---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
~~;~;-:8~tT~;~~;:-;;~~~~~~.-;~~~~~:-=~N~-·vti~·1{;N~~~-;~~-~1M;;-~~~~;~----------------
oF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR OPEN LOW WILLOW
TYPE, N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS, THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER dF SAMPLING UNITS REGUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
TIME WITHIN 20~ OF THE MEAN WITH ao~ CONFIDENCE,
CATEGORY <N = 9) -x s_
X
2
s
. . . .
N NHAT
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------BETULA GLANDULOSA <SEC> 13. 11.6 1216.8 9 295
BETULA PAPYRIFERA <SEC> a. 6.4 366.5 9 211
WITHIN
1216.75
366,53
···-·--·-----·----------·------
--· .... ---··-··-------·-·-·-·-------------
WN WNilAT BMS N=
a 295
a 211
1 DN
o.
o.oo
0
0
BNHAT
1
1
SALIX -PULCHRA (SEC> .. ----------f3f-;·--24; j ----5300.5 9 ··--· 13 ··-S3oo. 50-··--a -13·------~r~----·o 1
1
1
SALIX GLAUCA <SEC>
SALIX LANATA <SEC>
SAL IX. ALAXENS is· <SEC> ..
ALNUS SINUATA <SEC>
HOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC)
TOTAL TIME PER PLOT w MOVE
a. 5.0 224.6 9 14a 224.61
2. 0.9 7.7 9 64 7.69 . 5.; .. ···--··-·--3 .5·--···· 1 i 1.3
.. 9 183 111 .15
1. 0.3 o.a 9 31 0.75
251. 105.5 100167.3 9 65100167.25
420. 93.3 78267.9 9 78267.86
8 148 o.oo
a 64 o.oo ··-a··-Ia3·-------o.
8 31 o.
a 65 o.
8 -o.oo
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
-----------------------·---·---···-·--... __ .. ·-------------------:-:-"-:-~ ·<i
Browse Pilot Study 238
APPENDIX C
Means, standard errors, variances, and estimated sample sizes for 4-m 2
plot size density estimates for selected shrub species. Betula glandulosa has
been excluded from the analysis. Density estimates are presented by level IV
vegetation type. The within estimated sample size (vJHNAT) is the total number
of 4-m 2 plots required to sample the density in the vegetation type within 20%
of the mean with 67% confidence. These density plot are then evenly allocated
to the number of sites sampled in the type.
TABLE e~ MEANS• STANDARD ERRORSr AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS C4H2)
Dr SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR WOODLAND BLACK-
WHITE SPRUCE TYPE. N IS NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS, THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
, ..
••• I . '
,;,
< ·--······---.-·-----------~-----------::-m
·:;
,.~
I• -· --·-·---· _________________ __._._:·.'-'!··
---I:iEffi'ITTY -WI TI-ltH 20/. or· THE HEAlrlliTH-67?.-CCHWHIEfiCE~----------. -----------------------------------------'-
CATEGORY <tl "' 20)
BETULA PAPYRIFERA -
SALIX PULCHRA
SALIX GLAUCA
-T(l'tAL-ALC SF'ECIE:t;
X
7.
3.
10.
s_
X
s
2
o-;3------r.3
3.2 209.4
0.9 15.7
3.6 232~8
N NHAT WITHIN WN WNHAT BMS N= 2 BN I«NHAT
·; ··· --2o··---------s·o 1 1 • "2"5---re----s o
20 120 172.26 18 99 877.81 1 501
20 52 16.53 18 .. 55 1.25 1 5
20 69 21(3.09 18 59 ·-S77~·sr ----r---n.,-·-
--------------------·-·-·----·----. !
TABLE C2-MU;NS, f3TMHIM\D r.:r.:rWr\~3' MHI WlRIANCES FOR STEll COUNTS .\4M2)
--. ----or.· BELECTED Sllf\UB Sf'ECIEE INDIVIDUALLY AN!J COMBINF.D FOr:: l~OODLAND BL{;CI\
SPRUCE TYPE, N IS THE NUMDER OF SAMPLING UNITS, THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE CNHATl IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
DENSitY ~JITIIHl 20;: OF TilE MEAN I..JITH 6/'/. CONFIDENCE,
( !l "' 40)
-%L1X-PULCHF:t, -
SAL! X LM~A H;
TOTAL ALL SPECIES
X
11.
10 t
20.
2
474.2
602 t ;-s
1103.3
40
40
40
102
167
67
WITHIN l~N W~Hit-tT
476.16
35J.67
889.84
36 102
36 90
36 54
450.lb --3
3610.00 3
3bb4.32 3
97
1001
223
TABLECl MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS C4M2>
-----OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES iN-Div:nHJAlLY ·A~iri ·coMBINED -FOR OPEN M1XED
SPRUCE-BIRCH TYPE, N IS NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE CNHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
bt~SITY WITiilN 20Z OF THE MEAN W1TH 67Z CONFIDENCE,
-2 X -·-------. s:.. --··--s N
X
-·. ---__ ,-----------------........,.--1
··---------------·····---· --··------------~
···L~ETliL A-f;M·'(R IF ERA
SALIX PULCIIRA
ALNUS SINUATA
o; o;3 1.3 20 so1 1.25 18 · 501
1. 0.9 15.3 ,. 20 501 15.31 18 501
1. 0.5 5.0 20 501 5.00 18 501
·renAL ALL SF~ECIES-·-·-·-------2~----T~o·-·c:----··i·f~<r-------··-2o· ·-··--·-u9---n-~-62--Trr·Ia6·-··---------.. • ....--.. ... ----:-.---..-.7<"'....,.,
. -.. ---...... ··---. ·-·---·-----'----''---'-·
----------·--·---··-------·----------~----------------·--······ ···-
TABLE C~ HEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS C4M2l
-------OF-S[LEi::l'tD. SHRUB fiPECIES INDii/iD\iA[LY AND l:oMBiNEti FOR-TALL ·-
WILLOW TYPE. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS, THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE <UH;H) E THE i·WI!DEF\ OF S?l~1F'LING UNITS F:EQlJif(ED TO SAMF'LE THE
DEN~iTY WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN ~ITH 67% CONFIDENCE,
( N ··' 20 I X s_
X
2
s
nc ruU1 P M' Yf.: I F r:.t\ ?1 2. 1o 0 22.0 20
f.>rtL. I X F'ULCflfir., 1 ''· '·. 3.4 2:52 t 4 20
SALIX ALAXENSIS 40. 6.6 877.8 20
ALNUS [!'l:iWATA 7. 2·.6 130.3 20
TOTAL ALL SPECIES 60. 7.5 1121.6 20
---···---------=~~~-~~-~---, __
. ;,;-
' •r
. . ~
NHAT vJITHIN WN BliS H=
245 21.46 18 239 31.25 1 .
43 113.92 1 r• •1 22 236:j.31 l
14 749.48 18 12 3187.81 1
72 10'1'. 79 1B 61 ·· ·soo·;oo-J.
8 1112.85 18 8 1280.00 1
::< ;./J:.; .. :
)~ ~f;1:~:;,.,'
.•.. :t
···------------------·-------------· -··-.... -·--··--·---------· ---------
---------------------------------------------------------~----------------------
.. < • ~
, : I~ '
!'.
·' ':·,.;~;~
...
TABLEt~ MEANSr STANDARD ERRORSr AND VARIANCES FOR STEM COUNTS (4M2> Ot'Sl~LE'CT£11'Glmt:m-s~·rctES·--I~IJfiJHiUAIL'r'AN])l;Q'HJHNElJF-oT~-oF'nr LOIJ-I•WARF·---------,.----------------o-----'--+
':'f..:+·aiRCIHHLLOW. N IS THE NUH£tER OF SAMPLING UNITS. ·THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
. :. ;";· SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
ltENSITY-WffHlN 201. oF· tfH:: ·Ht:Af.r-iJl'nC67~CCON~Hi~NCE·;·--· ---.
-2 CATEGOffY ___ (N-~---61 )---·------x----.---·s-::----5 ----NHAT
;, X.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------. ' . .
-:-;--;-:-------·-·····------
• ~·' < •' ·.·· .. ': .·· ~----... -.. -------------·---------~--'--~-------------,~
.·'
TABCE-C(, MEAI4S, SH\NDM:D ERfWF:S, AND VARIANCES FOf( STEM COUNTS < 4112)
OF SELECTED SHRUD SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR OPEN LOW WILLOW
TYPE, N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS, THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
----!:liZE <Nfl~lT) IS THE iWMBEf\ OF SAtiPL!NG UNITS REQUH\ED TO SAMPLE THE
DEI4SITY. WITHIN 20% 01: THE MEMi WITH 67/. CONFIDENCE.
C{\TEGOF\Y ,,
A 9)
!3AUX F'ULCIIF\A 116.
S(\li X AUoXEHSIS 6.
TDl'AL (\LL SF'ECIES 12:~.
s_
X
31.0
4.5
30. ·~
N
8653.3 9
179.9 '1
832•1. 1 9
NHAT WITHIN ~JN WNHAT
16 ar..,53. ~~.o 8 16
111 179.B6 8 111
14 8324.13 8 14
BMS N=:
o.oo
-o.oo ---r~ .oo
BN
0
0
·o
BNHAT
0
1 ---
. '
. '
' -I~ I
_ _.:.i. :
'
Browse Pilot Study 245
APPENDIX D
t·1eans, standard errors, and variances for 4-m 2 plot size density time
estimates. Time to count stems of each selected shrub species and move time
between plots is presented by level IV vegetation type. Betula glandulosa has
been excluded from the analysis. Estimated sample sizes for times are not
used.
---TA-BLrJtt--t1EAi,(s,-STAtHIAr<D EFmor<s, -Atfi:l·-vA"f<YANCES .FOR. TIMES (4ti2>
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR WOODLAND BLACK-
WIIITE SPRUCE TYPE. N IS NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE CNHATl IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
TIME WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 67% CONFIDENCE,
01 "" 20) X s_
X
2
s
BETUU1 PAPYriiFERA <SEC) 1. 0 "' t .J 4.7 20
SALIX PULCHRA <SEC> 16. 4.4 380.6 20
SALIX GLAUCA (SEC> 5. 1. 7 55.5 20
SALIX LANATA <SEC> 2. 0.6 6.6 20
SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC) 1. 0.4 2.9 20
ALNUS SINUtHA <SEC) 1. 0.1 0.3 20
MOVE TIME BETWEEN PLOTB <SEC) 102. 18.4 6778.3 20
TOTAL TH1E F'ER PLOT w tiD')E 129. 20.6 8505.5 20
'.
WITHIN WN WNHAT
56 4.81 18 58
36 222.50 18 21
55 53.94 18 53
51 5.84 18 46
43 2.83 18 42
17 0.34 1B 18
17 7126.00 18 18
13 8850.79 18 14
BMS N= 2 l:CN
2.45
3225.80
-84 .05' ..
20.00
3.20
.:o. 00
520.20
2289.8()
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
30
300
.. -83·--.-, ..
,:·· 1~~ j
() "-. '
2 ·. ~
4 :-:;., ---· ----.. ·· __ ,_ --------· --~
·~~;;}
··---';-;,:
.. ..::1
---,. i;DL.:r:·-o-z· -tlEAliS, ST ANDAr\D Ef\f\Of\S; -AlfD--VAf\ I ANCES FOR TI tiES < 4~12)
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR WOODLAND BLACK
SPf\UCE TYPE. N IS THE tlUt!BEr\ OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE -CNHATl IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
TH1E WITHIN ::or. OF TilE MEAN l~ITH 67/. CONFIDENCE.
CATEGORY CN "" 40) X s_
X
s
BETULA F'AF'Yf\I FG:c!l <SEC) 1 t 0.2 1 t 7 40
SALIX f-'ULCHRf!'c CBEC> 13 • 2 t ~! 201.6 40 .•.
SftLIX GLAUCA <EECl 1. 0.2 1.6 40
SALIX LAiUtTA (SEC) '7. 3.4 4<)6. 6 40
SftliX ALAXENSIS <SECl 1 t 0.3 2.8 40
ALIWS SINUATA CSECl 1. 0 ~, . .. 1. 2 40
MllVC TIME BETWEEN F'LOHi <SEC/ 77. 9.0 3216.9 40
TllTAL THIE PER PLOT w ti(Jl,'[ 104. 10.3 4216.8 40 .. -·-.·-·····
···-------·--------------------...,
------·---------------·------f
. ,~¥
NHAT WITHIN WN WNHAT BMS N= 4 Btl BNHAT
58 1. 73 36 60 0.97 3
30 168.42 36 25 600.33 3
18 ·-· 8,49 3 27 1.04 36
141 26B.32 36 82 2845.40 3
44 1.94 36 30 13.43 3
36 1. 24 36 37 o;69 3
14 23b0.83 36 10 13490.03 3
10 2890.73 36 7 20129.17 3
--· ... -----·-
·--TADLr-Jj·· HEAtlS• STANMRD U\F\Of\S-, Atlrl VARIANCES FOf\ TIMES <4M2)
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR OPEN MIXED
SPRUCE-Bif\CH TYPE, N IS NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS, ESTIMATED SAMPLE
-----·s rzE ( NHAT) H1 THE NUMBER OF SAtli"LING UN ITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
TIME WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 67% CONFIDENCE.
CATEGOF:Y < N ~' 20)
BETUU1 f'APYr\I FEr\ A <SEC)
SALIX F'ULCHRA <SEC)
-5(.11_ IX' GLAUCA <SEC)
St-ILI X LMMTA <SEC)
SALIX ALAXEtlSIS <SECl
fiUlUS 'SINUATA (SEC)
MOVE TII1E BETWEEN PLOTS <SEC/
TOTAL TIME PEf( PLOT \~ iiO',JE
X
1.
3.
L
1.
1. .., ....
73.
81.
s_
X
0,4
1.4
0.1
0.2
0. ~!
1.1
8.9
(l,5
s
2.9 20
39.6 20
0.4 20
O,b 20
0.5 20
22.9 20
1578.2 20
1456.6 20
NHAT WITHIN WN
55 2.89 18 55
153 3'7.16 18 143
u 0.36 18 11
2B 0,58 18 26
28 0.56 18 29
1B8 22.98 18 188
8 1b65.25 18 8
6 1.519.71 18 6
-----------· -------------··----------,-t ·' ·;-,
----. ·-·--·-------------·--. -------------4
2 BN
2.45
84.05
-0;4::;---· ··
1.25
0.20
22"t 05
u.. 25
320.00
1
1.
1 --
1
1
1.
1
1
I!NflAT
47
324
'13·-·
56
11
180 .
1.
'1 ...
. --··----... -. ·-.. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------TABLED~ MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES <4M2>
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES IIIDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR TALL
-------··wilLOt:l IYF'E, N IS THE NUtiidO::I~ ·or:-1>MiF'LHW UNITS. THE ESTIHATE!I SAMPLE
SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
TIME WITHIN 20Z OF THE MEAN WITH 67% CONFIDENCE,
CATEGORY (ll '-' 20)
BETULA PAF'YRIFERA (SEC)
SACIX POLCH~A <SECl
SALIX GLAUCA (SEC)
SALIX LANATA <SEC>
--~-·---·---·---w ··-· SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC)
ALNUS SINUATA (SECl
110Vt.:: Tl ME BFHJEEi! r·LOE. ( HEC)
TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOVE
X
X
19. 5.1
3. 0. 9
1. 0. 2
.. --~-----6~:;. 12.5
21 f 5. 2
127.
242.
11.2
18.5
2
s
95.7
512.0
16.0
0.6
:3142.6
539.9
2~)21 t 4
685b.2
N
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
NHAT
86
38
45
10
19
31
4
3
• u---
0
-• • --• _. -0 ---~~:~}J~f~;,2
... {:~·
' ~~----~-~~-----~-=1
WITHIN WN WNHAT BMS N= 2 BN BNHAT -~
80.4/' 18 72 -------~69,80 1 -. 3~-0 j
234.31 18 17 --S51'C20 1--·---'399·---·.-1~
11. 9 9 1 8 3 4 8 8 • 2 0 1 2 4 5 i: ~·
0.67 18 10 0.20 1 3 1 2on. n 18-13 ___ · --2-23-78~6-5 --r---1-:-n-. --.:
274.68 18 16 5313.80 1 302 ~ .. ~
--.. ---·-------.• -----------......... -· ----------__________ :_ __ :!.:i
2406.45
678B.20
18
18
4
3
4590.45
8080.21
1
1
8
4
TABLE [)$" ~lEANS, STAtHIAF\II EF\f\Of\S, MHI VAf\I ANCES FDf\ TIMES (4M2)
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AHD COMBINED FOR OPEN LOW DWARF
Bif\CH-WILLOW, N IS THE NUMBEf\ OF SAMPLING UNITS, THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE !IIHATl IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
TIME WITHIN 20X OF THE MEAN WITH 67% CONFIDENCE.
CATEGOkY-Ol "' 61) X s_
X
2
s
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
B tiDL A --v-· t1 P Y f\ l FE f\ A <SEC) ') 0 r: 16.2 61 -90' .... o.J
SALIX F'ULCHRA <SEC) 34. 3.5 756.0 61 17
SALIX GLAUCA !SEC) a. 1.3 101.4 61 41
SALIX LMlATA <SEC) 10, 2.] 323.6 61 82
SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC) 1 . 0.2 2.8 61 53
ALNUS SINUrHA <SEC) 1 ' 0.1. 0.7 61 23
111)1)(' TIME BETWEEN PLOTS !SEC) 148. 26.2 41955.5 61 48
TOTAL TIME: PER PLOT w liOVE 205. 26.3 42100.5 61 26
·.y
WITHIN liJN WNHAT BliS N= 6 BN BNHAT-----
16.27 55 90 ······-· 15 ;-6 7 ····-· -·5 -----BT 'i
577.91 L'!*t..-13 271~i.2l ,. 58
,.
.J.J .J ~: .
92.14 C' ...
JJ 37 203.85 IC.' ~· 81
176.33 55 45 .. 1944.13 C' ,J 4GB
2.70 55 50 4.39 5 81
0."72 t:' C' JJ 24 0.27 r::-~· 9
4~zl"')·rr::· O""> ~)5 50 '27870,(:,7 e· .. 32-...J..:.. ...... .J. /..:.... d
433]8.22 55 26 28485.35 5 17
TABLED' MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR TIMES C4M2}
--OF-SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR OPEN LOW WILLOW
TYf'E, N IS TilE NUMBEF\ OF SAMPLING UNITS. THE ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE CNHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
--------HMCWfT-IliN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 67/. CONFIDENCE.
9)
--riE"TULA f.·AP'ff\TFEF~A-<SEC i
SALIX PULCHRA CSEC)
SALIX GLAUCA <SEC>
SALIX LANATA <SEC>
SALIX ALAXENSIS <SEC>
ALNUS SINUATA CSEC>
·-mfC.ir-=nifEritTwtr;N·hoTs <sEc'>·
TOTAL TIME PER PLOT W MOVE
X
. --··-r-;---·
102.
22.
1.
10.
1.
2bO ..
398.
(' "'-X
17.2
0.4
4.5
0.4
129.1
148.3
C' "'
2
2662.5
1 • ~j
178.4
1.a
1soo5?-.o
197896.9
--------
N
9
9
9
9
9
'I
9
9
NHAT WITHIN WN
a·--· · o .44
12 4604.61
134 ::662.50
38 1.50
43 178.44
22 1.78
5615Co5.T; 66
32197896.86
-----
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
-----------·------
WNHAT
8
12
...
134
:58
43
22
56 .. 32
-__ ._ __ .
--------::::o. ov
o.oo
0
0
. " ·' - --------~ ·Z
-----____ .. ______________________
o. 0
o. 0
--o.oo 0
··0 .oo 0 ·------------o . 0
-o.oo 0
Browse Pilot Study 252
APPENDIX E
~1eans, standard errors, variances, and estimated sample sizes for 4-m 2
plot size density estimates for selected shrub species. Modified from data
collected in 1982 by Steigers et al. (1983). Betula glandulosa and other
shrubs not sampled in the pilot study are excluded. Density estimates are
presented by level IV vegetation type. The within estimated sample size
(WNHAT) is the total number of 4-m 2 plots required to sample the density in
the vegetation type within 20% of the mean with 67% confidence. These density
plots are then evenly allocated to the number of sites sampled in the type.
.. T~~~-~-__ !!__~------------------------------------------·-------------------------------------------------------------------------·-
2
___ __s-il_ T_E_G_O~Y ___ HL=._ 105 ) _____ .,---_X:..:.' ------=87,-,--~----=S=-· _______ :..;_N ___ ___:_:tl..:..:H..:..:Ac..:.T __ _:W:...::I:.:Tc..:.h~' I:..:t.:_l ___:W..:..:l..:..·~ __ I:.:..:H:.:..:H:.:..:l H:.:..:' T_:___=.B.:..:t1.:::_S_..:..:N_= _ __:.7 _ _:I_:1 t.:_l _ ___::..:..:..:..:..:..:..:...._~
X
BNHAT
., ··.~ .-,J~li
SALIX PULCHRA STEMS/10 M2
SALIX GLAUCA STEMS/10 M2
SALIX LANATA STEMS/10 M2
ALNUS SINUATA STEMS/10 M2
TOTAL ALL STEMS/10 M2
-.. ·-____ 9 _ _!_ ____ :!:..!_1 __ __::::220. 2
5. 1.2 159.9
5. 1.6 260,5
2. 0. '7 79·, 9
20. 2.4 604.0
___ _:105
105
105
105
105
76
184
297
456
38
100.47 98 35 2175.24
1 2(, • 6'3-9-=8--:-1-:4-'-:6--------'"-::::7 0 2 • 6 4
202.20 98 230 1213.39
77.81 98 444
452.32 98 29
114,70
3080.83
'((11~
6 745 I'!. :.~
6 807
6 1379
6 {154 l.r~
6 193 f .. ~·
•::·
.......
__ ...._~ ........ ~-~--_______ , __
11270 OPEN BLACK SPRUCE
<N = 150) s ,·; N .
:r------~---------------------------------------M~~~----~-~~-~~-~----------------~ I I ' i> I ! ' : : · .. ~ : i ' . l
:.lA
')
'•'''
WITHIN WN . ' WNHAT:
--------·---·-----------
_ _llile £3
____ :;!_:p_!_Q._DW.~.Rf _[~I.J~I:.tl. ___ . __________ _
CATEGOf\Y < N "' 257)
SALIX PULCHRA STEMS/10 M2
SALIX GLAUCA STEMS/10 M2
TOTAL ALL STEMS/10 M2
X s
X
4. 1.0
1. 0 C" •.:.J
<." ,J • 1. 2
···---··--·--·---
2
s N NHAT
26,:,. () 257 348
5".7.6 257 1B:39
:3C)5. 5 257 330
WIHIIN Wti WNHAT
20b.62 239 270
56.29 239 1796
269.91 239 244
£;HS N= 18 BN
1101.10
"76.56
1709.86
17
17
17
BNHAT
1437
2443
15·14
:i ·,
···--~·-·----·-·---····--··-·····--·-··-------------··---___________________________________ ___:..,_
-~~ .. :,
-------------·--·--------------------------------------------..
Browse Pilot Study 256
APPENDIX F
Plots of dry weight against each independent variable for Betula glandulosa,
Snl ix pulc:hrn, Snl ix glr~uc:n, r~nd Snl ix lnnntn to dPtPnninP rPquirPmPntc; for
mathematical transfonnations.
5 BMDP6D OCULAR EST. REGRESSION 2S7
• + •••..• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + ..... + • • , • + • • •• + + ••• + .... X+ , ••• t •••• + •••• + • + •• Y ·.
·TAf3L£ Fl.
:1.2.0 t
B
10.5 + B
B
~------. ------------
9.00 t
B B
----.. -------------~---
B
7 -.-so--+ ----------B----B ---
. ------.----------.
6.00 + B
B
------·--··----·· ··-----·---·---------
B
4.50 +
---------·------·· -··-------------
B
3--.-oo----+
B B
• B
---• ---------·----B
B B
1.50 t B B B
·--------.------BB B ------·· -----8-···--.. ---------------··--·----··-······
Y BBB B
B
-------··----------------------·------------------------·------~-
o.oo +
• +X • • • t • • • • t • • • • t • • • • t • • • • t • • • • t • • • • + • • • • t • • • • + • • • • t • • • • t • • • • t • • • • t • • • • +
--~---z-.-5o--------·· 7-.-5o---···-t-2 .-5 ---------17.5 -----22.5 -·· 27.5 32.5-----
o.oo 5.00 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.
'N:::: 40 ·
C 0 F..: =---t7S 3 8 ----·--------------------·ETWT··-----··-··· ----------·-·-·· --·-------
MEAN ST.DEV. REGRESSION LINE RES.MS.
:; 7-.7-350-----8T0033 --X= 1 .-8133*Yt--1 • 2433---25 • 349
3.5800 3.4595 Y= .33882*X+ .95921 4.7366
A~: I A-BbE--·--11--E-T-WT-----·VS .-VAR I ABLE---22-01..11=---··--· ---GROUP=BEGL -· ··--, ... SYMBOL=B
F'AGF 1-. f~Mfl!='l-.fl Of':lll A(:;: r-!=\T. r.;.•r-r,Rr-!=\STON
13 BMDP6D OCULAR EST. REGRESSION
•••• t •••• +. + •• t •••• + •••• t •••• + •• + .t •••• t •••• t •• + .t ••.• + •••• t •••• t •••• t •• x
·TA-BL£ F2. y
p
40 + +
--------+ --~--
~-------..-----------· ---•
35 + +
---------.-------------------------·------------------------------·---. -
3(}---t-------------------. ---·--------------------------+
··------.----~---
+
---.------------------------------------------------------. --------
20 + +
•
p ..
·1·5--t------------------------------------------. ... ... ----....... --------·+-
+
------•
10 + +
------.----------------------p -----------------------------------------------·· -----······
F'
p p •
--·--.-----------
+ +
p
-------y----------.. -·--------~-
X
•••• t •••• t •••• t •••• + •••• + •••• t •••• t. + •• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •• + .t. + + .t •••
-----s-.------------1-5
10
25------------·35 --
20 30 40
·1::;; 8
::0 R = -~-9 711-------------------------------ET W T---
MEAN ST.DEV. REGRESSION LINE
19-. 687' -----21-.--243 X= 1. 7045*Y -2 .-9179
13.263 12.103 Y= .55330*X+ 2.3694
,..
RES.MS.
--29.969
9.7284
45
50
!HtRIABLE -11--ETW-T-------VS.---VARIABLE--22-DWT---------GROUP=BEPA
55 65
60 70
-,_ SYMBOL=P ---
:JAR-IABLE---·H·-E-TWT---------VS. VARIABLE-21 WWT----GfWUP=BEGL -, SYMBOL=B --
F'AGE 7 BMDP6D OCULAR EST. REGRESSION
__ ...._ ·· ~-.-+-.-•. -.-.-+-·· • •• +·· .... + •• • • +, • • ·• + .... • +··· • ·• • + •••• t ••.• • .+ •••• + • ••• t ~ • X • + • ••• + ••••
• Tlf-BLF F.!S.
s
16 +
+ ------.:-. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------.. -·---
14 +
s s
---.:---------------------------------------8---------. ---------------------------
12 +
+
•
+ s
D ----14----r-----
W
-----8------------------S----------
T
• s
a. + s
---------.--------------------··-··-----------------·-
s
------·· ------~·-----····· -·-·-~------·---·
6. + s s
------------.------·------·-
s s
--4-.---+-----------S-------------------S----------------
s s s
s
-----.----------------------s ----s ------------------
+ s ss s
---------.--------------ss----
s s
y s
s
------------.-----s---------------------------------------------------------------------------
o. + ss
s
s
s
.+ ••• x+ •••• + •••• t •••• + •••• t •••• + •••• + •••• t •••• t •••• + •••• t •••• + •••• t •••
-------2-.-50-------7.50-----------12.5 ----1-7.5 22.5 27.5 ---32.5--o.oo 5.00 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 3'
N= 40
COR-=-r?-85-4--------------------------E-T--W ·r --------------------------------------
X
y
---------------·--------
MEAN
10.650
5.3575
ST.DEV.
8.5170
4.3375
REGRESSION LINE
X= 1.5422*Y+ 2.3875
Y= .40000*X+ 1.0975
RES.MS.
28.522
7.3976
:·AGE 9 BMDP6D OCULAR EST. REGRESSION 2~0
-·--------·· + • -..--.. ·• + ... .-·• + • + .... + ..... + ••• + + •••• + ... t • + ...... + •••• + ..... + •••• + ••• X+ ..... f •• -Y • + •
·TA-BLE F'/
-24 ·-+
+
21 +
·------· .-------------
18 +
------....
G
)-. ---1---5·--+.
~
----~· -·--------·--. ------·---· ·------
r G
12 + G
G
G
G
--·-G-
---------.------------------· ----------·· ·-·····----····-.. -·-·-----·-···----
G
9. +
G
--------G----·-. .. ------------··--·---··---· ··---
G
. -·6·-;-----·-+-·-------------G --
GG G
·-· --·---.----·--· --·G ·---··--····-------·
G
3. +
-··--------.-···--------·---·-··6--· ·----------.. ----· ----
GG
G G
----··-----·-
o. y
G +
•
+
+
+
•
+
•
·•
+
+
. ··-+
+
··-
.. -------.-·-
+ • + • X •• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + .•••• + • • • • + • • •• t •
-----------~--5-.--------t5--------2s······· ·· -------3 5
o. 10 20 30 40
45···---·-·
50
!= 27
OR-=----.--9-0-1-2--------------------E-TWT--------· ·-· ·-·-----·-··
MEAN ST.DEU. REGRESSION LINE
·------20.-933 --1-6-.19 3 ---X =---2-. ·1-6 4 2 * Y +---3 .-50 7 2
8.0519 6.7430 Y= .37526*X+ .19641
RES.MS.
·--51. 229---
8.8827
55
60
. 65··----
70
ARI-A:Bl...£---1-1--E-T-W-1=------US .. -VARIA BL E-----2-2-D WT-----·-·· - G F\ 0 U F' =SAG L---··----t-SY M BOL=G . ----· f
I
AGE 10 BMDP6D OCULAR EST. REGRESSION
-----~----.-.-t-.-+-of +f-t"+"T+ •. + + + + + •..• t + + .•• -. + t + + + + + +.+ + + + + + t + + + + + + + + t t + + t + t + + + • + + + + t + + + .•
·TA-BL£ FS.
40 +
-----.------· .. -----.----~---
35 +
----~--------.---------~--··---·-·-·-·-----
30 +
----·····---.-----------------
[I --~2--5--+-------c ___ ·------·····------------------·· ---------
(,.,! •
T
20 +
--------.------· . --------·------·-·------·
---------..---. ·-----------.
15 +
L
--10-----+------------. --------. -.. ------· ...
L
-·· --.--------
5. +
-----------• --L ---------
L
---.-------,--------------
o. +
y • +X • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + •
-·------12------------2·0--------·-----28 ---------36 ---44 52 ---60-
8 + 16 24 32 40 48 56
N= 5
C0~946-~------·--E-T-W:"f--·------------------·-··--· --·-------· ------
---------, . .-----------------·-· . ·--------~---------
t1EAN ST.DEV. REGRESSION LINE RES.MS.
v 28.200 22.095 X= 1.4135*Y+ 10.446 68.252 .~.
y 12.560 14.789 Y= .63327*X-5.2981 30.577
tJ AR-I-A-B-I::E--1-1-E-t-loJ--"f---V S-.---1JA RI-A B lE--22--D W 'f----·-· G R OUP=S A bA--t-· SY M B 0 L = L
-----------------·---------------·-·-----------
r. A r...-Y"o'lt..lY"tr"1 'To Mf"'!ollt A r, r-t""-T
I-' AGE 17 BMDP6D OCULAR EST. REGRESSION
--------202 ----
••••• t •••• + •••• t •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• x.Y
· lltBLr F6. A •
60.0 +
52.5 +
.-------
•
45.0 +-------------------
---------------.---------------
It w 37.5 +
T ---------.-----------------
•
30.0 +
---------------------------------------------------------------
A
A
---22-~-5--t'----
+
--.-----------
+
15.0 +
A ------
--··-----··
7.50 +
-------------------.c------------------------------------·--------·
.A AA
y A
-------------X-~-··~-+-.--, • --.--+·-··. --, • + •••• t. , ·• -.-+ ••••. t-. -·--· • t •. , , • t •••• t • , • , t •••• t ••• , t •••• t ··-• •.• +.
12.50 37.50 62.50 87.50 112.5 137.5 162.5
25.00 50.00 75.00 100.0 125.0 150.0 175.
--N=-----8-----
COR= .9849
-----ME-AN ----S·T TDEV-.-x 45.688 58.962
y 17.800 21.683
VARIABLE 11 ETWT
ETWT
---·REGRESS I ON--L-INE--------RES • MS.
X= 2.6782*Y-1.9843 121.52
Y= .36220*X+ 1.2520 16.434
VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT
PAGE 18 BMDP6D OCULAR EST. REGRESSION
-----------------
GROUP=SAAL , SYMBOL=A
+
+
+
+
.L .L . .L ..•• -1-•••• +.1
"---~-------------· -----------·------. --·-------.
• • • • + •••• t •••• t •••• t •• + .t •••• + .•.• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• + •••• + •••• t •••. +
• TA-.BL E F 7.
·---·-·9 --+-----------·-
8 +
------·-.----------·~·--·-
7 +
•
D --6--+-----
W •
T
--------:.------··-·· -----"--. -----·-·----------·---·
5 +
-----·----.--·---·----·------~-·----·
-----~--.-·-------·---·--· -----·-----·
4 +
--~--------..--------·--
+
3 ---+·----_ ---·· ·------··· ·-·-------------------------···
---. ---.-------------···
2 +
·--------.--------
---------.-1--------. ---·-·---·-. ---. -·-· ·-------. -----·----------· .
1 y
• + •• t •••• t •••• t •• + .t •••• t •••• t ..... t. + + .t. + + .t •• + .t •• + .t. + •• + •••• t. + •• 1
3-.--750 ------5.250-----6.-750-----s .. 250-------9-.-750-------11.25---·---1-2
3.000 4.500 6.000 7.500 9.000 10.50 12.00
N= 2
cor.:= 1.ooo
MEAN
X:t----=17 • 7-5-0{)--
y 5.1000
-------------
ETWT
ST.DEV. REGRESSION LINE RES.MS.
7 • 4 24·6---X=-1-.3125 *Y+-1--.-05 6 2---o.o o o o------·
5.6569 Y= .76190*X-.B0476 0.0000
VARIABL~--1-1--~TWT----------VS.--VARIABLE---22 DWT----GROUP=ALSI------., SYMBOL=!····-------
1A RMnPAn OCULAR EST. REGRESSION
PAGE
.t. • • .t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •• • .t •••• X •••• tY ••• t.
• Ti+BLE Ft'.
14.00 + +
•
B
···-···-···-·--·-·--·--·--·-···--·-· ---
12.25 + +
• ----------------------------··-·--····-··--------·····
·--,------·-··----------------·----·· ----+
•
• ------------------B·------------
•
[I 8.750 + B ------------w •
T +··
•
•
7.000 + t
• • ... --·---------~-----------B
• B
• ------------------·--------·-----·---· ------------t
•
•
3.500 +
... ------------·----B------------~ ·-----·---· ·------·-
•
•
•
1.750 + B
B B B B ---·-·-··-BtiB_B_
• BB
• B B
·-----------·-· -------------·--··--·. ----···-· ---· ·----------· --------
----<>"~ ooo·-y·----·------------------------------------------·---
+
,,
xt •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• + •••• t •••• t •••• t~
2.50 7.50 12.5 17.5 22.5 27.5 32.5
0. 00 5. 00 10.0 15.0 20.0 ----:2"5 + 0 ------30.0 ----35". (
N= 33
COR= .9439 ETWT
MEAN ST.DEV. REGRESSION LINE RES.MS.
X 5.5758 6.7377 X= 2.0064*Y+ .01856 5.1091
Y --···:t~ 7697 ____ 371:·69·7-Y= ~-4-4:if0.6ifx-~-2-9:573 ___ CT307------------------
VARIABLE 11 ETWT US. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUF'=BEGL , SYMBOL=B
-------------J_~_s-
.t •••• t •••• t-•••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t. + t· • • + • • • + ..
·TA-BLE F9.
----....:.... ___ _
60.0 + ---------------------------
• ---·-------------------
• 52.5 +
• --------·--··-·· ----------------------
----------------------·--------
• ----------------------------------------
D 37.5 + w-----------------------------------
T
• ----------------------
30.0 +
•
----2 2 • 5 ----f
------------------------------------------
15.0 +
p
--------------------------
7.50 +
p
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
y p
-----()'~ 00 ___ + _________________ _
.t •••• t •••• t •••• + •••• t •••• +. + •• t •• + .+ •••• t •••• + •••• + •• .-.+ •••• t •••• +.
. 17.50 52.50 87.50 122.5 157.5 192.5 227.' -----------· --· ·o: o·<nr·----:r5-:o·o 7·o • o o ----1 o s . o r.ro:o·---r75-:-o--·---2Yo---:-o
N= 5
COR= .9986
X
MEAN
70.900
ST.DEV.
92.499
VARIABLE 11 ETWT
ETWT
-------------------------·
REGRESSION LINE RES.MS.
X= 4.1035*Y-7.1487 32.312
Y = .-2 4 :5oo-*x·:rr;:7 9To--r-;-9T3·s-
VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=BEPA , SYMBOL=P
•••• t •• + .t •••• t. + •• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •• + .t •• + .+ •• + .t. + •• t. + •• t. + •• t •••• t. +.
· TIIBLE FllJ. S X
14.00 + y
+
+
12.25 + +
+
... -----·---·--·----------------------· ... -·-----------·-
10.50 + +
--·--·------------·--------·---------------·:r
+
+
-----·~·"·' -~------·-
_:_ __ _.;_ _________________________________ _ ·------------·
•
7.000 + s +
s
s s
• s ---.. --·-------------------------------· ·-------------------
5.250 + s s +
+ .... -·-.. ___ --·---------·-----·---~r
·---·-------s--·-··-·-·--s-·--·---------·---------------·-+
s • . ------·-· ------------s-s-·----------------------------------------··-----------------;·
ss
1.750 + s + ---···· · -----s---·s s s·-··---~ ·---··--------~-----------··----·-------.--···--·-··----------------·-----------·
s s
• --------.. '(S _______ _
x •• ~+·. + .+ •••• t •••• + •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• + •• + .+ •••• +. + •• + •••• t. + + .+ •••
1.750 5.250 8.750 12.25 15.75 19.25 22.75
---------------------:3·.-5-6 o -----r.-o o o 1·o-;-s·o·-----r4-;<Y o------17-;·5 o ·------21 ;oo-------2 4--.-:;·o--
1= 25
~OR= • 9540 ETWT
MEAN ST.DEV. REGRESSION LINE RES.MS.
6.2240 5.5859 X= 1.6861*Y+ .06638 2.9260 3 .-6520--~i606-y-::-;531Ji'9-*X+~29-2"36---.-93'67T _____________________________________ _
IARIABLE 11 ETWT US. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=SAPU , SYMBOL=S
PAGE 9 BMDP6ri·-OCULAR .EST-•. RECfRESSIOfr·-····· ... ------·-2fo 7
.t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •• ~.t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t ••
· !A-BLF F/1.
28.0 +
--------·-·-···-·-
G
+
24.5 +
• ·-----·-------------·--· ----------------·-·----·-···----------------·------•
G
+
~----~----··-----------------------------------·----'
D 17.5 + ------------.---· ~------------------w •
T
•
14.0 +
-----------------------··--·-·· -. -·----------------..
+ G
. ---·-1 0 -;5 ·----F -------------·----------· ·------
--------------------•
7.00 + G ---
G
GG
·---·---~--. ----------6·---·-----·------------------------
3.50 + G G G
• ··-·----------------··
G
+ G
o.oo +
.Y •• x.t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••.• t •••• t •••• t ••
·-·-----------·o·.
N= 15
COR= .9385
MEAN
X 11.767 . ----··•0'-.-<·-·-··--·-y 7.2067
VARIABLE 11
3. 9. 15 21 27 33 39 ---6. 12 18 24
ETWT
--------------------------------------------------
ST.DEV. REGRESSION LINE RES.MS.
10.356 X= 1.2955*Y+ 2.4301 13.767
• 67987.*X-. 79309 7.2246 7.5019 Y= ---------·---------
ETWT vs. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=SAGL , SYMBOL=G
-• ••.-.•uL..-\3
F'AGE 11 BMDP6D ___ OCOLAR--EST. REGRESSION --------------------·-_._ _____ .
D
w
T
• t •••• + •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• + •••• t •••• + •• x.t •••• Y •••• t ••.• +. ·TABL £--Fli-: --------------------------------
• l
16 + T
•
14 +
• ----------------------------------------------------------
12 ----.v-------------------------------------------------------------
---------------;---------------------------r -----------------------------------------------------
10 + +
l ----------------------------------------------------
-----------------• a. + l
+
l ·-
.-
•
6. +
• -----------I---c---------------------------------------------------------------------------------·-
4. + -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
•
+
+ L L L
2 .. + t
L -------------------------------------------------------------------•
+ L
+
.x •••• t •••• t •••• + •••• t •••• t •• + .t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t. + •• t.
2.50 7.50 12.5 17.5 22.5 27.5 32.5
-----------rr.--t:ro·------s-~-o-~r-----To-:-o----1 s-;-u------2o--; o -----------2 5 ~ o -------3-o-;·o·----""3~-o-
N= 1'5
COR= .9280 ETWT ____________ , ------------------------------------
MEAN ST.DEV. REGRESSION LINE RES.MS.
7.8467 7.79'53 X= 1.5286*Y+ .42789 9.0794 X
y -4-~--a5-33----4-~-7-327----v=-:-56:3.4-3t~-;if3227--~:-:r4tst> _____ ------------------------------------------
VARIABLE 11 ETWT VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUF'=SALA , SYMBOL=L ----
• • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • +X • • • + • • • • y
___ JJ1BL£ ___ Ef_g~----------------------.... ----····-·-····--·--------------________________________________ .2~2_ __ _
08.5£.R 1/ E ~ #
B
• 10.00 +
• B
•
• B
B. 750 t---· -----------------------------.. ----·-----·-·. ---------------------:a-----.... -·----~-----------I
B
-~------------------------·-g-_-------------·--------·---------------·. ----------------------
•
7.500 + -----------.. ----·--------------------•
•
D-........,-----~----------
W 6.250 +
T
..
•
•·
•
B
---------------------------
•
3.750 + __________________ B ______ B ___ _
B
2.500 + B B
.... ------. --------B ------------·
B
BB BB B
B
··-------r:--250 -+--B--B--B ____ B ______ _
BBB
• B B B ·-----· ---YBB BB
B
-----·-·--·-------·----
B
B ----------------·--------·----------------------·
.. ------------------· --------------·
---·---·-·-----------
-----·-·----------------------------
--------_• X • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • 2 • 6. 1 o -----1-4------rs 2_2_____ 26
N= 43
COR= .9034
4.
------------·-----------
a. 12
ETWT
MEAN ST.DEV. REGRESSION LINE RE:S.MS.
16 20
X
y
---·7-·;·aatf4----7-~-492o--·-·x=2-~--fa-6a*-Y+-;-3·s672--t·o ~-577·---------------------------·~
3.4442 3.0949 Y= .37318*X+ .50042 1.8049
24
. -·-·---·--------·--------------------------------------------------------------------------·
--·~----~ --.--••• A ""• r-M.,... .-..-l"'r•t-l""~ T Mll.l
270
••••• t. + •• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •.
T11.ilt:E ____ E/.1, . ________________ . ________ _
p,
48 +
42 +
··-·--------·------------------------·-------------··------··-·-----·· -----·· --------•
36 +
-----------------------·--····--------· ·----------•
D . ···30..... +----------------------·
w
--------··~ i
T ---------------·---------·-----------. -------------------------------··· •
•
24 + -t
... ---. ---------------------. -------------------------------------------.-------·---------------•
•
• ....... -------------------------·-------------------------------------------------------------• 18 +
• ------·------·-------------------· --------------------------------------•
• p
• r ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
-------------
+ + ----·-----------------··-·--------------------·-'-------------------
•
p
o. tP +
7.00 14.0 21.0 28.0 35.0 42.0 49.0
N= 5
COR= .9781 ETWT
·--------------·-----------
-~
MEAN ST.DEV. REGRESSION LINE RE~.MS. · x·--r 6·;·s·6o--2r:-oa7·----:--;-x-=___,· 9·a39:r:ifYt37<f<f16--25-;-6·3r--·-------------
Y. 13.780 20.963 Y= .97241*X-2.3231 25.331
-------------------------------------------· ------------
F'AGE 7 BMDP6D OCULAR EST. REGRESSION
24 +
s
21 +
•
---------------
18 + s
------------------------------------
D --T~r ---_+ ___ _ ------------------
w s
T • ·-·-------·----------s-------------------------
s s
12 +
s
s s
-----::-------------,---------· -------------------------
9. + s
• s
s
+ -----------s-·s·--------------------
ss
--------------------,s-·· ---·----------
3.
• ss
+ s s • ------=s s
sss
• ssss
ss s
s
s s
--------y--sss ______ _
0. tSS
s
----------------------
.tx ••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• + •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t ••
----u----·--4 • ·-12 ________ 20-------za ·--·---·--3-6~ --¥-----··-·--··4 4 ·---------52-·-
0 ~ 8. 16 24 32 40 48
N= 45
COR·::-;l:f329-ETw,.----·----·-------------------
MEAN ST.DEV. REGRESSION LINE RES.MS. x ----nr.--69t--1-o-~57-x=-r-;-6-838*"Yr2:-o8s8---~5-~ 58s-·---------------------------
v 5.1089 5.2719 Y= .41205*X+ .70365 8.7082
-----------------
PAGE 8 BMDP6D OCULAR EST. REGRESSION
PAGE 9 BMDP6D OCULAR EST. REGRESSION 272__
•••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + ••
_TftEt.L_ E~1L:_
24 ·:r ----... ·--------------
•
21 +
•
• -···-----·"-··-----------•
18 +
...... ---·-····----·----------------···---
I -,
D -----15--·-:r-·------------G ---·l
l-J •
T •
12 + -------.... -------------------------------
9.
6.
3.
G -----.. -------------------------· • + G G
G ---· -----------------------------G · -a-----·
+-·----·-·--·------------·---cr·-----------··---------···· -------·
G
+ G .. ---··-----------G_G ______ ..
GG
Y G G
·--------··-··
G
·-------···----· ----------------·--------·-·
·-·-··--------------
··--xG _______ ----------------------· ··-·-----·-------------· · · -----------
o. +
•.
+.
' ·,
t ••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• + •••• + •••• t •••• t. + •• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t ••. ··------:r:-~:ro--·----ro:::r--·---1-,,-~-5-·-----24-;-5 · -----3 r·; 5 ------:Ja; 5-·-4 s-;-s-------
N=
COR=
20
.9346
-----ti.~~-~
X 14.640
y 6.5500
7.oo 14.0 21.0 2s.o 35.o 42.o 49.o
ETWT
----------·----·--·-·-----···-··--------------·
ST.DEU. REGRESSION LINE RES.MS.
·--'--1'-4--"'-. -"-2'-3-2--X-=-2 • 2 3 4 9 * Y t • 0 01--3-5--2-7 :<f38 ______ _
5.9517 Y= .39086*X+ .82783 4.7287
------. ___ _223. __ _
PAGE 11 BMDP6D OCULAR EST. REGRESSION
••• -~ + ••• ~ + ~ · •• ; + •• ; • + •• ; • + • · ••• + •• ~ .-+ •••• + •••• + •••• + ~ ;··. -~ + •••• + • ;· •• f-.-·;x;
• TA-BL£ Fl7.
L
10.00 +
•
•
• -. -!:f~ 75 0 +---------------------------------... -----------· ·----·~--------··· ----·-··----------
• L
-------··· ··-.. -------
.L
----------------··· -----·---------------
·----------------------········-----------------------
•
L ----------------------------·-------···-----------
• L
3.750 +
. --· ------· -----------.-.. -----· -· -------.. -. --------· ----·-····------·-····--·------------· -· . -.. -------·---
L L ·------------·----------·--·-···---
2.500 +
• ---~-----· -·---------[---------------·--·-----· ---·--·-····--·-··-----------·····-··-------
•
L ----T;-250--;:.c------------------------·-·-····--------··-----··-------· -------···--·-··· ------·-----·
L
-··:----u:--· -----·-·---------------··-------
• L
y •t• X+ • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • •
N= 14
cor<"=--·. 9410
1. ~ro---4--;-::ro 7-;so --nr;-5--------13~-5-------···-·-ro; 5 ------19·;-s--
3.oo 6.oo 9.oo 12.0 15.o 1s.o 2
MEAN ST.DEV. REGRESSION LINE RES.MS. x --·a·;·o 143·----6-.-.rr36-x-=1~398*YrT;·I422--s·;1-o3o---··---··-·-------·--·--
Y 3.9500 3.4689 Y= .50896*X-.12895 1.4930
D
w
T
9 .. .. .. .. I • .. .. ... • .. • • .. I • • • • I • • • • I • • • • • • • • • '1' • • • • T • • • • T • • • • T • • • • T • • + + A • • • • "'t + + • • T • +
___ .IABL£ _ _E]?_. ----------------------------------------------__ ----2 7<(
y
. -.. A
A
48 + +
42 + +
• -·--·---·--··---·-·· -···-----------------··-· -----· ----·-----··-·
+
+ ''36-·-·---:r-----------------------------------------------------+
+ • ---------------------------------------------------
•
30 + + ---------------------------------•
• A
24 + +
--------------------------
+ +
• A
• • 18 ____ + ______ ------------------------------------.. ---------------· --------------------------f"
12
•
---------·· ----------.. -------------------------------------.... --------
A A
+ A -_A ________________________ ---
+
A
A
y A A
•
•
+
•
+
+
•
+
+
• -------------------------------------A
• . x. + .t •••• t •• + .t. + •• t. + •• t •••• t. + + .t. + •• t. + + .t. + •• t •••• t •••• t. + + .t. + •• t •• ------15. 4'5 + --------75 + 105------------t 35----------f65 _____ ---f9_5 ________ _
30. 60. 90. 120 150 180 210
N= 14
COR= .8442 ETWT
)(
y
HEAN
58.000
17.807
PAGE 18
-------------------------------
RES.MS. 11 c.·.;:f:-9 ___________ ------
71.286
-----------------------
BMDP6D OCULAR EST. REGRESSION
2_ __ 7£_ --·--·
FAGE 15 BMDP6D OCULAR EST. REGRESSION
D
w
T
•• + · •••• + .-~ .-.-+ •· + ·• ~ +· • .-·;·. + -~ ••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •• + • + • + •• + •••• + •.•• ~-+ .·; ... +~--~-~-
• TftBLF FJ9.
40 +
I
35 +
• ---··--·-------·-----------····-···-·-····-···-----····-
30 +
. --·--------------------'---
• ·---·~-------·--. ···--------------------------------25 +
• I
--~ .. -----·----_______ I __________________ _
20 + I
-·--·------------
------------------
15 +
. . .. ---------------· ·----------------------------------· ---··------·------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------10 +
I I
I
•
5. +
I I
------------------··
•
0. +
YXt.:. • .t.; •• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •• • .t •••• +. • •• t. • •• t. • •• t •• • .t •• • .t •••• ·-·--···---------9 • 15 21 ______ 2 ,---------33 ________ 39--4-5--
6 + 12 18 24 30 36 42
N== 10
COR= ;9739 --------------EnJr--------------
MEAN ST.DEV. REGRESSION LINE RES.MS. x 21 :·oo O"---rr;-/a-5--x=--:~.-;··o·3-6·4~Yt-o-;3 2 5-r-·8--;o-88 fJ'-------------------------------
Y 14.160 11.073 Y= .91496*X-5.0542 7.1405
--·-···-------------------
D
w
T
• t + • • • t • • • + t • • • • t • + t + t + t • • t + + + + t + • + • + + + + • + + + • • + + • • • + • • • • +X • • + T + + • + + + • • • 't +
··-z7~--.
B FL. D.
•
20.0 +
17.5 +
15.0 +
. ---·-.. -------------· ··-·-----------.. --···--·---·--·--------
B
12.5 + ·---------------------·-····--··---
•
•
10.0 +
-------· ·---·. . .. ---.. ·--------·---------------------------------· ·--------... ·-... ----------·---------------..
5.00
2.50
o.oo
•
+' ·--------------·-------~------· ---·
BB B B
B _______ B ______ ----------·· -----------------·-------·--·-
+
' -----~ '--.. ·------·
+
y
X
B
BB
B --··r!B __ _
BB B
BB
B
B
B
B
----....... ------···
--------------------·· -----·-··. ----..• ----··----------
. ---------·-·--·----------------
+
+
•
+
•
•
+
•
+
+
+
•
+ .• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• t •••• + •••• + •••• + .. + •• + •••• + •••• +.
5. 15. 25 35 45 55 65 o·:·---------f<f ________ 20 ___ ----· 3o ___ ------•fo --·-----5o--------t;o·------7 o
N= 27
COR= .9570 ETWT
X
y
------
MEAN ST.DEV. REGRESSION LINE RES.MS.
9.7037 12.284 X= 2.6512%Y-.91108 13.193
-4 • o o 3 7 ---~·f3-42 ___ y = ··;3:;r547* Xt~6S 13 4----1.-71 91 ______ _
VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUF'=BEGL , SYMBOL=B IJARIABLE 11 ETWT . --------···------------------I
I
PAGE ____ 6 -----------------·--------
1
.+ •••• + •••• + •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• + •••• + •••• t •••• + •••• t •••• + •••• + •• x.t •• Y.t •
•
----------------------. -.. -.. ----------;_7T-
.+ •••• t •••• + •••• + •• t .+ •••• + •••• + •••• t •••• t •••• + •••• +. + •• + •••• + •••• + ••• ) -TABL~----F'27: -------------------p
32 +
28 +
24 +
D w ---2o _____ + __________ _
T
• ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------•
16 +
~ --~----------~--·-·-----------------F.-------------·------·-.. --------------------------------------
12 +
• p ir: -------+ ----------------F=-;--------
----------------------------------------------------
p p
-------------------------------------------
p
• Y+ •••• t •••• + •• • .+ •••• + •••• t •••• + •••• t •••• t •••• + •••• + •••• + .•••• t •••• t •••
6. 18 30 42 54 66 78 -<f::--------12-------2 4 36 ______ 48 _______ 6 0----------72 ----------
N= 9
COR= .9782 ETWT ---------------------------------------------------------
MEAN ST.DEV. REGRESSION LINE RES.MS.
X 20.589 24.132 X= 2.3610*Y-.81713 28.680
Y 9 ~-0-667 ----fF.(F986-Y= • 4<f53f*X+--:72T89--4-;-9-235 ----------------------------
VARIABLE 11 ETWT VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=BEPA , SYMBOL=P
PAGE -14 ----BMtiF'6tldtTICAFr-EsT-; -RElrRE'S·s:rmr-·-----------------------------------------------------
7 BMDP6D OCULAR E~T~· REGRESSibN
• • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + + • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • ~
D
w
T
• Tlf.BL£ F2 2 .
40 +
35 +
• ·--·------------·-··-·-···-·-------··----·---
30 +
25 +
• --··--·----------·----------------------------------·-----... ----.
•
20 +
. ··---·-··-----------····--------·-------· --------15 +
10 +
+
5. +
+
o. +
s
s s
s ··----------···-----·-·sss----~rs-·----·--·--
ss
sss
s s
s
s
_______ .. _. ______________ ........ --------
s
s
•••• Yt.x •• t •••• t •••• t •••• + •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t.
i
+
•
y
T
+
+
2.50 7.50 12.5 17.5 22.5 27.5 32.5 . ·--·-----5·;·oo _____ ·1 o ;-o·------.. -15-;-<>·------· ·2o-. 0' ----------25 ~-o----· -'3·o·;o------35. o
N= 26
COR= .8884 ETWT
MEAN ST.DEV. REGRESSION LINE RES.MS.
9.1308 7.8565 X= .93735*Y+ 4.5738 13.546 X
y 4. 8 615 ---7-~·4 .. f6_5 _____ y = -.-842'08*')f.::2 -~-827 3 -----i 2 ~-i 69 ..
1JARIABLE 11 ETWT VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=SAPU , SYMBOL=S
FAGE 9
[I
w
T
•••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •• · iil-Bl£--F23-: -"-" "---
24 t
-" --"--"-----G""
21 t
-----~----------------------------------------------------------------------
--------
•
15 t ------------------•
•
G "-----------"-" ----------
12 t G
G
•
~-----" ________________ " ___ "
• G 9;------.v
+ G
------"---------------------(;::---------------------------------
•
•
6. t -----"" ----------·----------------------" -------·---·"··------·
GG
•
.. """"·--·-··---.. ---------------------------------··--------·· .. ----
3. t
• GG
G
.G G -·-------·-----0. y
"--·---------------
•••• t •••• t •••• + •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• + •••• + •••• t •••• t •••• t.; •• t •••• + •••• t.
: 4. 12 20 28 36 44 52 8. 16 24 32 ----4 0--------48 ________ 56"
N= 15
COR= .9745 ETWT
-------·-"-------------
MEAN ST.DEV. REGRESSION LINE RES.MS.
X 18.713 15.392 X= 2.4820*Y+ .99162 12.823
Y --7:-r4-o o ---6-:-<54 .. 3 6-v=·-·;:ra2-6 5-:lf:>c-=-;-~:r2 o 61 _____ 1--:-97 o 9---------"·------
VARIABLE 11 ETWT VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=SAGL , SYMBOL=G ------"-------·---·----"-·-------------------·
~·AGE 11 BMDP6D~OCIJ[AR EST~-REGRESSION
[I
w
T
••••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t ••
• ~/lt8CF"'----,=~ 1
+ L
20.0 +
•
---------------------------···-------------------.. ·------------
17.5 +
15.0 +
•
12.5 +
•
X
y
•
+
+
•
•
•
+ ---------------------..... ·---~----------------------·-----------
+ +
•
• •
·-------·~·~---.-----------------
10.0 + +
• •
L ------------------. + -------~------------··· ---+
•
----------·-· -----------------------·-·-----
• •
5.00 + L +
•
• L
• •
.v.x.t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• ~ •••• +~ ••• t •••• t ••
12.5 17.5 22.5 27.5 32.5 37.5 42.5
15 .-o----20. o --2::r~o-------3o ~o-------3·5-;<f _____ 4o-;-o---~s-;o
N= 5
COR= .9797 ETWT
MEAN ST.DEV. REGRESSION LINE RES.MS.
25.800 13.882 X= 1. 7428*Y+ 6. 9783 1C:~. 334 X
y t <f.·-ao·o----.,-;Efo3s --y;-.-s-5o7·3·*-x:.-3. 4-<fa7 ____ 3_ ;·2-z;s·s --------~-----~-------
VARIABLE 11 ETWT VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=SALA , SYMBOL=L
PAGE 12 Bt1DP6D OCULAffEST--:-REGRE-SSION l
:23 (
GROUP,;ALSI , SYMBoc::·r----·---
"·AGE 17 BMDP6D OCULAR EST. REGRESSION
D
~)
T
• • ; • + •. ·.-· ~ .-.r. • ~ -~ + .-·.-·• ·• + • • ~ • + • • • • + • • ~ • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • -~·· ;-;+. ~ • • +
• TABLE A
100.0 +
A
.. ·······----·---······---··-· ···----· -·----·--···-·-·-----
•
87.50 + .•... -··· -· -------·------·
·----------·----------···--·---·-··---· •
75.00 +
• ~-·------·---------··------·-···----····------···--·------·····-·--···-----·-----·
•
-------------···------------------·---62.50 +
A . ·-----_ _. _____ ---------·--··----------·--·--··-----·-··---
50.00 +
•
•
• ··---·-------·------------~~--
•
37.50 +
• --·-··--------------·-----·· ----------------·-···-------------·-· -·--· ~ -------. ---------------------
-~-------~-~-~-.... -... ----25.00 +
•
•
·-·--·--·--------
12.50 + ------A-
• AA~
• A o.ooo y
·----·
--·-··---------------
x ••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t • .. --····----·-T5~-~fs~-------7·5-.-----1 o5 -----135 ___________ 165 _______ 19~,---·
30. 60. 90. 120 150 180 210
~~= 8 :::oR:;; -~-98:3"5 _____ _ -Erw=r ---·----·---···--···---------------
D
w
T
26
• .• _ .. ~_ .. _._! .. ~.±! __ ~···-·-±.~--~·-·--~ +. ~-·--~_+_ •••. • + ~ • •.!.±.!~~ •• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + Tlt8LE FJ. to. ------
y
··---------I •
24 ·+·-------------·---·····--·-------·-------···
+
22 + _______ +
• . .
•
•
20 + +
• .. ------·---·-·--· ·-····---·-·----··-------------·---------·----
•
.... --·--···--. -·--· ··-----------------18 + ... --· -------------f-
•
• ·----·---·--·-------•
•
16 + + ------------------------·------·-···----·-·-·-------·---•
•
•
14 + +
+
• ·----·. ··---·· -----···-----······ ---···-··--·-. ····---·····-··--·-----·--···
•
·--------------------···--------·· ·-----·-----·---·-·---·-···--··· ·---·-----· •
I
10 y + ·---·-·-----·.,-----------···-··-··--·-· -·---·--------·---···-· ----·-·--· ------··------• • • • t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• + •••• + •••.• + •••• + •••• + ••••
1 a 22 26 30 34 38 42 --i6 ______ 2o------------2·4·------2-a-------3:r--·----·:5i!>--·-··--4o _____ _
N= 2
COR= 1.000 ETWT
X
y
MEAN ST.DEV. REGRESSION LINE RES.MS.
29.250 19.445 X= 1.7974*Y-3.192B O.t\.000
1a.o5o ___ 1_o. a19-Y= • 55't;36*x-+--r:-7764 ___ o-:oo-oo··---
VARIABLE 11 ETWT VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=ALSI -----
PAGE 16 BMDP6D OCULAR EST. REGRESSION
, SYMBOL=!
Browse Pilot Study 283
APPENDIX G
Plots of dry weight against ocular estimates for each observer for each
shrub species to determine requirements for mathematical transformations.
PAGE 5 BMDP6D ALL VARS BY VEG TYPE
D
w
T
N=
20.0 + +
~· -·---·---~----------·--------· ------------------
1 7_. -~ --_:r __ --------------------------------·-----------------. --------·---···-·-.... ----+ -----·----------·-·x •
•
·--------·--· --------· ---·. ·----------·
•
15.0 + +
• --------------------
•
• s s ~ -------------------··--------·------------·--·+ --12.5 + s y·
• •
w
10.0 + + ---s -------_M ______ -· -----····------
• B s ..
s + -----·-··-------------------------------------------------------------------·
7.50 + s s
• ss
s
s w
+ ..
---· ------------------------------· --------------------____ .._ ____________ -
• w s ss s
s s • -------------·-------------------s.oo + s w
··------··------------------------·------· -------------------------~--s s ss s
B s M WWM BS S
2.50 + B * S B S S * + s-------B -------·--·-----------·----------·------------·-----·--·-----
B B B * s
B * B SSSS * S B
• SWWB***BW** B* S * -------·-·-----------------~--
B
B B • -~----·----------· ---------------·---------------
*B*B*BW W SBS* W •
o.oo + +
--·----____ .!__!__!_y_! • • • + • X • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • -• • • + • • • __ !_.'-1:..!...!_!_~.!..!~--· + • • • .• + • • • • + • • • • + ~~-~
30. so. 70. 90. 110 130 150
40. 60. 80. 100 120 140 160
J~4 ·------COR= .7986 BDIA
MEAN ST.DEV. REGRESSION LINE
X 68.226 28.880 X= 7.0691*Y+ 47.440
··-------K
y 2.9403 3.2627 Y= .09022*X-3.2152
1J A R r ·ABLE____ 6 B n·-::r_A ____ v_s_.--:-V:-A-R !AB-LE:
VARIABLE 6 BDIA VS. VARIABLE
VARIARI F ~ RnTA UR. UARTARI F
22 DWT
22 DWT
??. nt.n
RES.MS.
304.58
GROUP~WWBS----,-SYMBOL=W
GROUP=WBS , SYMBOL=B
GROUP=OM , SYMBOL=M
PAGE
··~~ •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t.x •• t ••• : Tft-BL-E--G2., -------· --------------m. S . --·------------.. ------l?ejl .
20.0 +
•
•
17.5 +
• .. -----·----------------~-------------------------------------~----------
•
• ... ·-------------15.0 +
•
• •····-·-·--·····--·-----------------------·------------------
+ s s
D _12 _!_~ . ___ ±__~ w + s
T •
w ______ _::_ _____________ -------------·--
• 10.0 +
• S M -· ___________________ s ____ B __________________________________ _
s
7.50 + s s
+ s s
-~-----~
+ w s
+ s
5.00 +
+ w
---------·-··-····------------
+
_______ ·------------~s~s .. ~s
• S B * W M W S M
2.50 + S SB S * B M S
. . ------·-------------s -~-.YJ-~jl ____ __? ___ _
• SS B BSB* * SS S S
W* S***WB* WBBB* S
________________ •-----"~-~-*W~SSW_B.*_--"W'-----------o.oo +
s
ss s
s
s
*
s
----·------
••• v •••• t •• x.t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t ••
--·----· _____________ 27. 45. ------~~---~_!_. _______ ?9· "117 135
18. 36. 54. 72. 90. 108 126
N= 124
COR= .7293 HT ···--· ----·. -----------
:;(
y
MEAN ST.DEU. REGRESSION LINE RES.MS.
46.952 19.790 X= 4.4234%Yt 33.945 184.87 2 + 94o3 ----3:-2627-----y-;---:-r-2-0-23*x=2. 704s---s-~024_7 ___ -----------------------------------
VARIABLE
VARI-ABLE
VARIABLE
VARIABLE
'JARIABLE
VARIABLE
7 HT US. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=WWBS , SYMBOL=W ---71-=ft v-S~(TA-RI-ABt~E·---2-2-tiWT -GR-OD.F7;;·wBs ----, -s-YMBOL~E(
7 HT US. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=OM , SYMBOL=M
7 HT US. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=TW , SYMBOL=T ·7 HT------vs-~-VARIABCE--22 ___ tit.ff ______ 6R5UP~U;r , SYMBOL~L-----
7 HT US. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=LS , SYMBOL=S
7 BMDP6D ALL VARS BY VEG TYPE
···------~·-···------------.. -------·---·· ·-----------·-·---------
•• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• t.x .. + •••• + •••••
s ____ Be:/ ___ •
•
20.0 + +
17.5 + +
--------------------------
-.
15_dL ___ t _______________________________ --------------------+
y
s s
. -----------------------------------------------
12.5 + +
• s
........ -----···-
w
---------------------------
10.0 + + s M
s B • ------------------
• 5 +
s s s ------=-------=-------------------------------+ ----_7 -·-~_Q___ +
+ s s s w •
+
w s s s • ---------------------------------------· --------------·-· ·-s s
5 .oo + +
w
s s s s •
• BB s * * w • ... -----·-· ·-·· 2.50 + s s BB s M s s -------------------------------------------------+
• _. ------. ----
• o.oo +
7.500
!= 124
OR= .6851
----t
B BS s w B s
BBSSBS B -SB*B s s ---------· -----------------------------------B S** B*** **B* BB B
* * * S*BWS *BB
37.50 52.50 67.50
15.00
22.50
30.00 45.00 60.00 75.00
82.50 .
90.00 -----------
DEPTH
• +
97.50
105.0
MEAi~ -
33.895
2.9403
----S-T-.-DEv·-=-.---:REGRESSIONTINE--~ES.MtL _____________________________ _
15.319 X= 3.2168*Y+ 24.437 125.53
3.2627 Y= .14592*X-2.0058 5.6944
ARIABLE 8 DEPTH US. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=WWBS , SYMBOL=W
ARIABLE 8 DEPTH US. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=WBS , SYMBOL=B
ARIA IH . ."E ------8 riE:-P T i;-:----:v s-:-vARIAB L E -22-rl w-=T------GR o u·i=· ;·oM -------,-f:fy MBO[ = M--------
ARIABLE 8 DEPTH US. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=TW , SYMBOL=T
Afq_f.\~_l.-_~--JL.f•J;_PTH VS __ ~_Y.__fl_R~~~h_E __ 2_? __ ~WT GROUP=LW , SYMBOL=L
ARIABLE 8 DEPTH US. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUF·;;L1f----,-SYM"iiOL=S------
••••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• tx ••• t •••• t.
TA-BLE G-'-1. ··---~
..• ·---------· ···----~------~----~ -··------·--·--·4---·-· s
::o.o +
+ . ·-------------··-------·-··----
15.0 +
·---------~----------..
• s s
) 12 .. 5 + s
• -----w
10.0 + -s----M-------------·---------·---------------·
• B
---------------------···
7.50 +
w
s s s s
B M*SM ss w
2 • -~-0-__ }: ____________ .§?. B S S
S S BB*
B S M M ---:a··-··---------···----------------------------------------.
B
S *** *SB S B
______ .______§ __ ~-~-W * S ~.!__ -~ B * W B B S
BSBS* * ** B B
_______ _....t..Y...t...:t. + • • • • +X • • ! + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • ! -• + • • ~ • + • • • • + ~..!..!_!__:T..!.....!..!_.!_"t_: • • • + • • • • + • . .!~-
7.500 22.50 37.50 52.50 67.50 82.50 97.50
15.00 30.00 45.00 60.00 75.00 90.00 105
·~::: 124
-~DR= • 6988 WIDTH
ME AN S T • D EV • REGRESS I O~N=-=L:..:::I.:_N:..=E:.,._,...--.:..:R-=E-:=:S...:...•.:..:M-=S . ...:...• _____ _ 27.72-6-~15~.9~6~3~~X-=~3~.4191*Y+ 17.673 131.44
'J i 2.9403 3.2627 Y= .14283*X-1.0198 5.4910
_ _. _______________ _
)ARIABLE 9 WIDTH VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GR-O'i.JP;;;WWBS-----,-SY'MBOL=W
VARIABLE 9 WIDTH VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=WBS ' SYMBOL=B
H, RIA B L E _ ___:..9 __ _HJ_~.I_ti:.._ __ V:....:S::..• VA fHA B l::_~_L D W. T ____ GR 0 UP= OM , SYMBOL =M
.!AF:IABLE 9 WIDTH VS. VARIABLE 22 [tWT GR{:fi_jp;fw··-·---·--, ··sYHB-OL-;;;T
JARIABLE 9 WIDTH VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT. GROUP=LW , SYMBOL=L
D
w
T
• • • • _"t_!_!__t __ • + • _. _!.._!_±_•_•_ • -~_:f:_•_.!__t: __ • +_._!_._!.._'!-• • • ._+ • • •_ • T ~ •_ •_• _+ • • • • + ~-· • • !_ • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • X
Tit B L E G-s-. s --i;j_-2RS,
20.0 + +
•
•
•
17.5 + +
•
15.0 +
______ _!__~------------------------------.------------------------------• -------------;;:--::----+-
+ • -------------------·------,{
s s •
12.5 + + -----------~----------------
• s •
• -------------------_____ !! ________________________________________ • __
• 10.0 +
•
•
•
·~-~--·-7.50 +
•
.. ·····--·----·
• 2.50 + s
--------··----------·-----.--J:I. ______
B ss
.s WB*B ** *
B*B* WJ!CBB ··---------o.oo +
M
s
s s
s
ss
w
s
s s
*
s ss s s -------------BS W*M
SM s s
S* s -B *W B BS
*W *
B SM
MS
S BB M
B S B ----------· *S w
+
s •
B s • s •
• + s w •
• s
•
+ ---------------------------
•
• w
+
•
•
+
yy • • + • • • • X • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • ; • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • • • + • • •
4. 12 20 28 36 . 44 52
8. 16 --·-----4 0---------48 _____ 56 ---
N= 124
COR= .7479 RTANGL ------
MEAN ST.DEV. REGRESSION LINE RES.MS.
X 15.790 9.9978 X= 2.2917*Y+ 9.0521 44.413 Y 2 ; 94 o 3"·--3. 2 6 2 7y,;-~2 446.6* X--.9T3 39-----. .f:-7 2-9 8---------------------------------.
_VARIABLE 10 RTANGL VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=WWBS ' SYMBOL=W
• vARIABLE ____ io ·-R-fAN"8c---o-s-:-~iARfA'iiCE--22 t•wr-·--------1n~o-i.rP;;wE<s·-----,-s'ftitmc;;B--------
vARIABLE 10 RTANGL VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=OM ' SYMBOL=M
~VARIABLE 10 RTANGL VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=TW , SYMBOL=T
' VARIABLE -fO-RTANG L--·-v s~--VARTABLE ___ 22-tl~fT ________ '£3RblJp;;cw-·---,--s·fMB OL = (.----------
[VARIABLE 10 RTANGL US. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=LS ' SYMBOL=S
PAGE 10 BMDP6D ALL VARS BY VEG TYPE
.+ •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• + •••• + •••• t •••• t •••• tx ••• t ••• Yt •••• t •••• t ••••
TABLE G-fe,. s·
20.0 +
17.5 +
•
15.0 +
---------------·· -··----·-·---------
•
s s
It 12.5 +
w ···---···-· ! __ _ s. ___________________________ ---
T
w
-------·---~--------------------·-· ----···------------10.0 +
s M
--·····--·""·-· ~--------* s
s --------------------·--------···· s w
. sss w ------~---··· ________ s_s ___ _ --·---·
5.00 +
• w s ·····--------------------'------------·------------------------------·----·---
s ss
• B S*S *S
s
-2-.-5o __ +___ s**s=----
• B*BBS
• BBS** .----------;--*"**B
• **SW
------------
_0 _ • .Q9-:!_ __ ·---;----:------;c----:----::---x + • + •• + •••• + •••• t + • + + + • + • + t •• + + t • + • + t + •• ~ t ••• + t • + •• t •• + • + •• + + + ••• ~+~
5. 15 25 35 45 '55 65
.. -----------~0..!.~. ____ --=.1. 0:..__ ___ __::2::..:0:__ ___ __:3:...:0:__ __ _
N= 124
COR= .9111
MEAN
X 6.1742
y 2.9403
ST.DEV. REGRESSION LINE
7.6587 X= 2.1387*Y-.11424
3.2627 Y= .38814*Xt .54389
ETWT
RES.MS.
10.047
1.8234
40 50 60
--------··-·-__ ,_____ -·-· ------------------------·----------
VARIABLE 11 ETWT
VARIABLE 11 ETWT VARIA Bi E:" ---11-ET~JT!_..__ __
VARIABLE 11 ETWT
vs. VARIABLE
~_§_. VARIABLE
vs. VARIABLE vs. VARIABLE
VA~~B~kE. 11 ET.~W~T~----~~~~ vs. VARIABLE
··~ IIAI:•T 61:11 !:'
22
22
22
22
22
??
DWT GROUP=WWBS , SYMBOL=W
DWT GROUP=WBS , SYMBOL=B --------·------·-· DWT GROUP=OM , SYMBOL=M
ItWT GROUP=TW ' SYMBOL=T
ItWT GR04_P=LW ' SYMBOL=L -----------TtiJT GROUP=LS ' SYMBOL=S
AGE 5 BMDP6D ALL VARS BY VEG TYPE
.t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t. + + .t •••• t •••• t •••• t. + •• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t.
--·--~~······~---·--·~---·---·--~-·--·-····~·-···----~----~-----------
. /flfSLE G 7.
40 + +
• s
• • ···--···--·-----------------·-·-
35 + +
•
•
• •
• ----·------~
30 +
•
• • ----------------------------
• •
25 + + .. -----------------··. --···----·--··------------X
s •
-------------------------------······-------•
20 + +
•
•
·------------------~--------s _____________ _ ···-------+
•
L -------·-----------------------· --------------------------
• s
. 10 + ss s -----------------------------------·----··s·· L. L
• ss s
SS* S S
y
L • L. --------•
s
L S •
+ ··!:r-··-------.--
•
ss _________ L ___ !:f·--------------··s ··-s
C' ..,. + w B T W L W
• S ST SLS S L L
-------------------~BTBTSB-S*Sli:--=s--,s=EfEfL ___________________________________ _
• ww
o. + BB S
BBB ** SB SS *L L
*B* *BBB* * TS*
B BB B B
B
•
-----------------+
YtY ••• t •••• t ••• Xt •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •• ¥.t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t.
15. 45. 75. 105 135 165 195 225
l= 136
:OR= • 7028
MEAN
98.147
4.8669
ST.DEV.
50.731
5.1868
60. 90.
REGRESSION LINE
X= 6.B743*Y+ 64.690
Y= .07186*X-2.1857
BDIA -------------------------
RES.MS.
1312.1
13 t715
IAR.I ABLE
IARIAiiLE
IARIABLE
6 BDIA US. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=WWBS , SYMBOL=W . 7;--:B-t•I--=-A--VS. ·vA-FHA"EtLE--22 -tllJt _______ G"ffOlfp:WBs--·--·---;-··sYMBllC=B ________ :
6 BDIA US. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=OM , SYMBOL=M
D
w
T
40 +
. ~ .Ill81.: ~-_G_g_~ _____ _ s
35 +
30 +
•
• --------··-·--•
25 +
+
""~---------··--·-··--------"------·-----------·-···--·-----------------··-s-·--· ... ---------·---------···---
•
• --····26 ... --+------···----------------··-~-
• s -----··--·--------·-· ----------·-------···-·-·--·-· --··--····--····-----· ----..
• s
15 + s ·--·-·-·····----------·-··-----·-··--·-L --·-----·-···--·---····------·-------
• L L
• L * --------·-~----------·--·------··s--c----
10 + s s s
S S L
• s s s s
·---------·------------·-···-----
s s S L
• S L SL SS S -5-.--·+-'------------:W--_.::B=--....,.w-=---.....::::.--.::.::::T~..::.----=.-------·-----····---L---
S S S TL L S L
• LS * SSS TBS * MT S S S B W * B**B --**----l--L·-· -----------------·-------------·---------------------· -------------
• w *BBB*WS*SB * M T
BB BB S B __________ _ ------------... + •• Y. + •••• + •••• + ••• X+ •••• + •• • • + • • • • f-~-~~-;-;-;:-t-;-:-:~-+~~-;: +-~-~---;-;+-;-;-;-~-+;~
0. + B BB
7.500 22.50 37 .. 50 52.50 67.50 82.50 97.50
15.00 30.00 45.00 60.00 75.00 90.00 105 .. 0
N= -f36··· -----------------
COR= .5905 HT
X
y
·-·-~rtA tT __ _.sf .-fiEv-:---·R·E-I:fi{Es·sr·cfNLIN E----RE:S:Hs-.. ----·· -------·--------. -····--------··--
48.294 19.101 X= 2.1745*Y+ 37.711 239 .. 42
4.8669 5.1868 Y= .16034*X-2.8765 17.654 --------------··-·------·-
VARIABLE 7 HT VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=WWBS , SYMBOL=W
VARIABLE 7 HT VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=WBS , SYMBOL=B
VARIA.BLE·-----7--1rr----vs-:-vArfCAB[E-22-"tlbff--··---··-GR-OUP=oM ------;·· SYMBot-=11--·
VARIABLE 7 HT VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=TW , SY,MBOL=T
VARIABLE 7 HT VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=LW , SYMBOL=L
VARiABLE ___ ? HT VS-.. -\TA·R-IA.BLE-2·2·-·ow·r ---GR-OIJP=Ls -----;· ·sYMBOC=s---
---------·--·· ···-------
• T •••• T + ••• T •••• T ••• + "I •••• -. + • + • .• • + •• ' •••• l • + + • • • • • • • • • • • • • ••• I • • • • • ..... .,. ... I !
• -··------·------------·---.... -----·-·-···--·-------·-·· ----·---··-··~--· ____ .,. __ 40 +TABLE G-9 . •
+
s
35 +
• ·----.-----------------------------· -----··-·--~----~---------'"···-··--·-----------
•
30 + +
• ------------------------·-·--------------·-··· ----· ----·-····---,
It
w
T
•
•
25 +
• s
•
•
20 +
15
10
5.
•
• +
•
•
+
• -----------------
•
• +
---------------·-----·------·-------
s
L -------------------c------·--L-....
L L
s
s
s
L ·--s----·-·· _____________ s _____ s ___________ -------···--------·--·------..
s * L
s s s s ------__ I ____ s---··s-·--· ·s----s--___________________ s ____ _
S L S S* S
w * w L T s--s-·----s--s-c · _s ___ r ______ ·-·----····c·· --·--------···· ·--------c---··
• S *S S **S *S B T • * *S B *** L * WB ·-···-----··-----;--B-B*--BBlf* __ W_;i:_B_B·sr·----l.r--··-----1----M--------·-·----------
0. + B B BB B * B B
t
-l
Y+Y ••• t •••• + •••• +.X •• + •••• t •••• t••••+••••+••••+••••+••••+••••+••••+••••+· ---4-.--------1-2 20 2-8------~36--·------. -44----·----52___ 6(
8. 16 24 32 40 48 56
N= 136 cor.:;-;6388 __ _ --DEPTH-------
MEAN ST.DEV. REGRESSION LINE RES.MS.
X ···26 ~ 360 ___ 12. 277--X= 1 ~5T2-01iY-+----r9:-oof-89--:-i:f97·-----·-
y 4.8669 5.1868 Y= .26986*X-2.2466 16.044
VARIABLE 8 DEPTH VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=WBS ' SYMBOL=B
VARIABLE 8 DEPTH VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=OM ' SYMBOL=M
VARIABLE --····ao·E:·p·""'T,..,..H,---\Hf;-VAR~fA BL E-2-2DlJ"t _____ G.ROUP·;-n;r·------,-s YM Ed)C:r·---
VARIABLE 8 DEPTH VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=LW ' SYMBOL=L
VARIABLE 8 DEPTH VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=LS ' SYMBOL=S
[I
w
T
...... • •• -. w w 1" .., • • Y t y " " • t • • • • I • + + ...
:293
-----------------------------·--·------------. ---------------.. __ .... __
--. TftBL 1::. c; ID.
40 + .. ____ .5 ap ~ d __ •
s
• 35 +
• ----·----· --------------------------------
• 36 _____ + _______________________________________ -----d--.. --------.. --
• .... __ .. _____________ _ ---...... _____ .. _________ ........... --.. .. -------
25 + ----------------------------------
s
+ -------------------·-------------------------------------------·-----------
20 +
• -------------------------• s
+ s --------.. ----·--------------------------------------s
L
• L L ____ L ___ s ____ _ -----·~· ~----··· ------·---------------------• L S
10 + s s s .... ______ ----. -------·-------·-C* ____ ··s-· --------
1::" ..Jt
ss ss
L S SSS • --·-----------s --·s-·LLs ____ s _________ -------· --------..
t BW WL W T
• STS*S * L · ---· ------------:n£sss:i-·s--L ----------------------...... ------·
• BB***LW T L
• ******B* o-.---·-y-BSBBBB __ B ________ _
L
.t •••• t •• x.t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• + •• ~.t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• +
10. 30. 50. . 70. 90. 110 130
-----<f~o-------2o:-· -40 • 66--;----a~----1 oo ___ T2o ____ -r4_
H= 136
'COR= • 5620 WIDTH
MEAN ST.DEV. REGRESSION LINE RES.MS.
X 27.154 17.419 X= 1.8875*Y+ 17.968 209.12 4:·a669 ____ 5. 1868 -y-;;-• 16 736*x +----;--32244·--rs. s-42 _______ ----------·
~ARIABLE 9 WIDTH VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT
NARIAB[E ·-----~i--W-IDTH vs·-; VAR-fABLE-22 [i(Jf
GROUP=WWBS , SYMBOL=W
---· GRcfuF;-=wtis· ---,--sY.MB·o c= s-----
VARIABLE 9 WIDTH VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=OM , SYMBOL=M
YARIABLE 9 WIDTH VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=TW , SYMBOL=T
:JARIABLE --9-wf!Yf_H ___ VS~VAR'fABCE-22--tH4-t ----:GROUP=Lt:r -----,-·svM·B-OL=L ------
VARIABLE 9 WIDTH VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=LS , SYMBOL=S
+ + + + T + + t t T + t + + T t t t + T t + t + T t t t t T t t t t T + t t t T t t t + T t + t + T + t t t T + t + t T + t + + ., + + t +· ·1 t + +
-----2_f_ '1-----. ·-
40 + TltBLF G-JI. +
+
s
•
35 + --+
+ .-X
--------· ---·-·
30 + +
···--·----------------------------------
•
--------------------------------------------···· --------------------------·--
) 25 + +
4 • + --------------r +
+ •
. ------------------· ·---------
s y
··--------------------------------
• s +
15 + s + ------------------... ------------------------------
+ L •
+ SL
---------------------------------·
10 + s s
+
• s
• L S S S
s
L * ss s
• S S * LS
L +
+
+
•
+ s +
--5~--__ + ___________ --------------------y--·:a ---w ------------wl _____ -----w ------------------------------------+
T SL S S SL .. L +
+ * * S** S SS * S S + ----·-lis-s* s*:B_** _____ w _______ t L-------------------------
• +
B B** ** * B M T
0. t B B* B BB + -·----------~ -;~ Y +"~~-~-; +--;·;:-~ +X • ;~+-~ -;:---:+;:-;-.-+ ~-.--:;-:+-:-::-~+-:-: ;-;·.v.--;-~ ;-+-;~--;-;:v~-;·;-.-:v.-~-~-~-:F~-;-; -;:r.·;-. -; ..
3.50 10.5 17.5 24.5 31.5 38.5 45.5
~~= 136
COR= .6819
7.00 14.0 ·----------21.0 28.0
RTANGL
--·-ME A tr-----sy-~-DE v • ---------rfEGRE t:fs f(fN LiffE ____ Rl~-s:-H s ~----------
X 17.912 8.9173 X= 1.1724*Y+ 12.206 42.857
Y 4.8669 5.1868 Y= .39665*X-2.2378 14.499
35.0
----------------------------
42.0
VARIABLE 10 RTANGL VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT 7 GROUP=WWBS , SYMBOL=W
VARIABLE 10 RTANGL VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=WBS , SYMBOL=B
49.0
VAR:(ABLE--To-lnANGC ___ Cfs--. -v·A-RlABD.~--:---2·2-tllJ'f---------t~R-OOF'::oM -------,-sYMBOC=M __________ _
VARIABLE 10 RTANGL US. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=TW , SYMBOL=T
VARIABLE 10 RTANGL US. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=LW , SYMBOL=L
VAl~ I ABLE ----f 6--RTANG[--VS~VA'i~'IAliCE:--22--tllJi _____ -GR·om=·=cs·-------,--s-Y!f(IO"L=S __ _
------------· -----------------------·-· ----------------------------
PAGE 10 BMDP6D ALL VARS BY VEG TYPE
• TABLE__ ... G-1 2.,_. ____ _ )
/ 40 +
s 5~
35 +
• ---·---------
•
30 +
•
•
n ---2~r · ~-----------------
w
----------
T • s
... ----·-------------------
•
20 + .. ----------·------------·------------------------··-----···----------------------------
.. s
• --------~---.,.--------s ---------·----------·----·-----------------
15 + s
• L --------------------L ·yc--L--------------------· ------·-----------------
.. L L * L
• S L L ·T<.r ----r -----------s--·---------s---s-·-··---------·----·--------------------~--------·-------·---
• LS L S
• s s s s --~-------s--r--s--·s··-£rs-------·------------------· · ----· ·---------· ····-----------·-----------
s L* S L
5. + B WW* -----------• S *SSCST
• *SS*SS* *T L
• BB**BSL* L L . ------------··-.-*:t:f*W --t
0. YB*B
.+.x •• + •••• + •• • .+ •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + ••• 4. 12 2-o---------2a---------~rt>·-------------744 -52-
o + 8. 16 24 32 . 40 48
N= 136
C 0 R-;:· --.-814 2---------·-----------------E-TWT _______ ----------------------·-
MEAN ST.DEV. REGRESSION LINE RES.MS. x -9~5596-----·-a ;82U3--·-x=-:c;3s48*Y+ --2·-;819·7--26 ;•f29 ________ ----------------------------------·-----
v 4.8669 5.1868 Y= .47870*X+ .29071 9.1358
VARIABLE--11EtWT us. VARI11BrE-22-1fw·-r --n-R·ouF•:·wwrn:;----,---sYffBOC=t;r
VARIABLE 11 ETWT VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=WBS , SYMBOL=B
VARIABLE 11 ETWT US. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=OM , SYMBOL=M
VAR-IP;BLE:--f:I:ETWT ---us. VARIABLE .22--11-WT _____ ir!~CH.ff:·=TW----·--, --s .. n11f0L=I-----
VARIABLE 11 ETWT VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=LW ' SYMBOL=L
VARIABLE 11 ETWT VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=LS , SYMBOL=S
5 BMDP6D ALL UARS BY UEG TYPE
. TABL£ G!-!3. ...
28.0 +
24.5 +
+
• ·-------·------------------------·--.......... -·--·------s
21.0 +
-------------------______ ... --· -----------.. ..-----------"·-......
s
+
X
+
•
+
y
•
+
s -· ......... __ .......... _________ + __
w
T • ------···-· --------______________________________ _.__ ·-------·-··
•·
14.0 + ........ _________ ·-------------------............ _____ -
T s ---. ----------------· ·-·-· --------· s--· --s
10.5 +
• s s
s
s s
s
s
s + s· +
s •
•
s +
s
• s •
s ------.... ---------"f
•
S T S S s ---·----------------5--------g·----------------·----•
+ T W W S
3.50 + s s w s +
;·-----------~-.. -----------w----. ---s··------------------· ---------------• s s w •
• W W* W W W W ~ •
-~----s--ww -w-w-w·w-------------------------------------· -----------
o.oo + w +
• • • • t • y • • t • • X • + • • • • t • • • • t • • • • t • • • • + • • • • + • • • • t • • • • + • • • • + • • • • t • • • • t • • • • + • • .• ---·---4:::r;--------7 5-; - ------1 o 5 -------13 5 ----· --· 16 5 --------:. T9 s---------z2 5-;
30. 60. 90. 120 150 180 210
N= 65
COR=--~ 8454--------------------...
X
y
MEAN
102.82
6.7662
ST.DEU. REGRESSION LINE
47 ~-898--x=-6;·4975*Y·F--58-~ 853
6.2318 Y= .10999*X-4.5422
BDIA
RES.MS.
'66~; 07 --
11.258
'JAFUABLE _____ 6 ___ BtiiA ______ vs-:-iJA-FfiAB[E---2-2-DWT________ GROUP=WWBS -----·-;-·sYMBO'C=w--.. -----------
VARIABLE 6 BDIA US. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=WBS , SYMBOL=B
VARIABLE 6 BDIA US. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=OM ' SYMBOL=M
lJ~1R r ABLE ----6-Eitl:rA·---.. :rs:VAR 1: ABC_E: ____ 22--tJt;f't----------GROUP=rw ---------,--sYfi:Bol_-=r---------
VARIABLE 6 BDIA US. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=LW ' SYMBOL=L
Ui.HHC.PI I:' ~ 'DioT6 lJ~. tl6!=;•TA'RI I=' ?? nwT GROUP=LS ' SYMBOL=S
D
w
T
.. ~i ... + •••• + •••• t •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• t •••• + •••• + •••• t • • •• + ••• X t ••• ----·--·----------------
28.0
• s
24.5 +
s
• s
• s
21.0 +
• ------------------~----------------------------------------------------
•
17.5 + s -----------------------------------------------
• s
s -------------------------------------------------------
14.0 + s
s
• !r--------------------------------------
• s T
• s s s
--------------------------------10.5 +
·-s s s
s -------------
• s s s
s
7.00 + s s s --------------------------------------------------------~---------·------------
•
• ST S S
s s w·-------------------s--r·--w -----------
+
3.50 + w s s s
• w s ---------------·-·-·-------------·-----w s s
w www w W* w
• * sw ww
-~ .. ----· .. --o .oo· + w
•• t ••• Yt •••• t •• x.t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t • .: •• t •••• t •••
27. 45. 63. 81. 99. 117 135
18. 36. 54. 72. 90. 108 126
. -----·------------------------·------
N= 65
_COR= • 7666 HT
X
y
MEAN ST.DEU. REGRESSION LINE RES.MS.
63.631 24.023 X= 2.9550*Y+ 43.637 241.77 -i;·;-7662 --6-=--. 2=-. =3-=-1-=8-..,.Y= • 198asi·x-s. 8869 ____ 16.--27-o
VARIABLE 7 HT US. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=WWBS ' SYMBOL=W
1 JARI A.BCE -----7 HT us. UARTA-BLE 22 -ItWT _______ Gr{(fiJp;.,wBs--·------,---sYHBO[~B--------·
)VARIABLE 7 HT US. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=OM , SYMBOL=M
:vARIABLE 7 HT US. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=TW ' SYMBOL=T
[VARfAB[E 7 HT----v-s-:-lJARIAiiCE--22 IiWf GROUP;;LW , SYMBOL-L' __ _
)VARIABLE 7 HT US. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=LS ' SYMBOL=S
. ·------·----
r-·H\31:. 1 J.•tt.L•t·· u.L• HL.L. VHf\::> .tl T Vt:.t;; I T 1-"t:. . -·· -·-.. ··-... ··-29 p--·· .
D
w
T
• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• + •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t ••• xt •••• +
28.0
• s
• + s
-· ..... -····· .... -···-···---·····-··---
• s
• s
21.0 +
•
•
•
•
17.5 + s
··--···-··-·--·-------------• .--------·-·······-----------. ··---s
+ s
·-----------·-----· s
s
• s ··---···-·--·. ----------------------------------S ·-T------·-···
• s s s
10.5 + s
ss s
---------------------·-·-··---···-------------
s
-1
• s s s ---· ·--_;__ ________ ...:::_ __ __:;__ ____ " ___ --=:..... --·--··-··· -----·-·--···--·--·-------------s
7.00 + s s s +
• .. ----------··-----
+ s
s s
+ w s T w
~ --3-:·so ----+-·--------w-----ss-----:-----·-s--·· ·------·--------·-·-·--------+
• w s
• w s ·----------·-:w---w-s-·w-w-w--·w---------w
SW TWW W
o.oo +
12 -----N= 65
COR= .7322
w
24 36
s +
+
+
48 60 72 84
DEPTH
. --M E.AN·---g,.-;m::·v:--R·E-GRE-SS"l.ON-cfffE ___ R_E s·;M S~----·····-------·--·--·--· -----------·
X 34.492 17.770 X= 2.0880*Y+ 20.364 148.80
y 6.7662 6.2318 Y= .25678*X-2.0909 1 c~. 299
VARIABLE 8 DEPTH US. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=WWBS ' SYMBOL=W
VARIABLE 8 DEPTH US. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=WBS ' SYMBOL=B VAf.ff'A})LE·--a-·liEF'l'·H--·-vs-;-v?·IR-l:AB[E··-·z2--tfWl __________ GROOF'=O"M--·---, -SYMBOL=M--·----
VARIABL~ 8 DEPTH US. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=TW , SYMBOL=T
VARIABLE 8 DEPTH US. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUF'=LW , SYMBOL=L I
VARIABLE·---l:f fiEJ='r-tr--t,rs-;--vA R fA :Ei L E---22 .. Di•fT ______ C3R OU p::·c s··------,--s Y M B 0 [ =s--·-. -·-r
~-.. ~-·-=~~-··-~: ___ v_r,,-,_. __ ~~_.-v .__~ 1 : r ~ -. . . . -. .. . __ _?_?._i_
••• t •••• + •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• + •••• f ••• ;:F-
28 .. 0
s
•
24.5 + ------------------------------------------------. ----------. . ------------------.. ---------
D
w
. -"'------------------------
21.0 +
17.5 +
8
s
s
---------------------··s·------------~---------
T • s
'--'·~------------------______ s___ -
14.0 + s
s
s
T s · -----:----------------------------------s·----s-
10.5 +
s
• S T ··-----------------
3.50 +
s
• w w w ·· ---------------r-wws-·w w
o.oo + w
s
w
sw w
w
s
s s ----------------··-· s
s s
s
s
ss s ---------ss·-------····-·····------------------------
w T
* s
s
w w
w
w
s -----------·--------------------------------
---------------------
••• t •••• v •••• t •• x;t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t. ·------------12 _______ 2_0 ______ 28 "36 _____ 'l4 _________ 5_2 _______ 6_()
8. 16 24 32 40 48 56
N= 65
coR-;-·--:-is if-w·I DTH ______ _ ------------
MEAN ST.DEV. REGRESSION LINE RES.MS.
X
y
-3<f;-23f--12:-143 ·-x:-:--=-i-:--5-3381i":"Yt-T9-:-s53 ___ s6:-99o ____ _
6.7662 6.2318 Y= .40394*X-5.4453 15.009
VA R I AB"LE--9WTtt T H V 8-.-Wil<I -AB Cr-2_2 ___ fl!·ff GROUF'-=Ww!fs--, -sYMBO[:;r,r---
VARIABLE 9 WIDTH VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=WBS , SYMBOL=B
VARIABLE 9 WIDTH VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=OM , SYMBOL=M
VA F: I A B CE:---9--iJI[tYH·---:-,,;-s:tJA-R rA-f-i[E 2 2 D·wr=-----dF:ou·r.:·=nr---,--s"YtHioc=r·---
VARIABLE 9 WIDTH VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT sRour=Lw , SYMBOL=L
VARIABLE 9 WIDTH VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=LS , SYMBOL=S
··-----------------h~GE ------------9 BMDP6D ALL VARS BY VEG TYPE ·--·-·---------------------------------3=-o o --
••• t •••• t •••• + •••• t •••• + •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t.~.xt •••• t •••• t •••• + ••••
--------· --·----~--------------------------·------·-··------------·-·-_.____ -------------------------------------------------------
• • TABLE &-17.
28.0 + __ 5_qj L_ _____ _ . . +
s
• --------------
24.5 +
• s
·-···-------------• s
• s --------------------------------------------+"
------------------·
•
D 17.5 + s ------------·-· w •
T s
s ·-------···------------------------------------------------·· ---
14.0 + s
s --------------··-------s
• T s
• s s s --------------------5----·-·--·------------------------·
------------· ----------
7.00 +
T
• ·-----·-.. --------------------· w
3.50 + w
* ----~----s w
• w WW* w
** w
o.oo + w
-~-¥·-------
s
ss s
s s s s;;:------------------------------
s
ST
w
ss ----
s ss s
s s ------------w
s
s
s s
•
•
•
--J.
+
Y •• + •••• t.x •• + •••• + •••• + •••• t •••• t •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• t •••• t •••• + •••• + •••
N= 65
COR= .7091
5. 15 25 35 45 55 65 1o 2o ~o 4o--·-··-so--------o-o
RTANGL
MEAN ST.DEV. REGRESSION LINE RES.MS.
X 21.923 12.186 X= 1.3867*Y+ 12.541 7J.006 v · · 6 ~ 7 6 -6-2----z;-:-2-3ra-··-,-;---.3-6 2 62.* x-=-r;-1 €!35 ___ 19 :-6T4 ____ -------------------------
VARIABLE 10 RTANGL VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=WWBS ' SYMBOL=W
VARIABLE ·-1 O-RTANGC--vs.-\.fARTABTE ____ 22·-·rMT _______ GR-00P"''WBs-··----,----s"YMBOL=rc---:---
VARIABLE 10 RTANGL VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=OM ' SYMBOL=M
VARIABLE 10 RTANGL VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=TW ' SYMBOL=T
VA f.: i ABLE -I OR-'(A-NGC--vs:--o ARiA BU~:--22-ITwr---------GR-0 U F' ::cw ·------;--. S Y M B 0 c=L--------
U6r:;.Tt.J:Ir t:" 1 n r.•TAMf!l IIC IIAI:•TA'I:II r. '">'"> rtl.lT f!t:•nllt:•,-,1 C .• cVMl=IOI :C
HU~ ~v Dnurou H~~ VH~a Dl v~u 1 trc -------·---------3-ett---
.+ •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + ••• x+ •••• +
28.0 t TA-8L£ G-IF.
s
$~l. _____ _
24.5 +
s
s
21.0 +
----------------. .
D 17.5 t s
--·-, ---------·----·----s -----------·-·-··· --·--------·-···· ·----------• s
• 14-~o··-F -----------s-····---·--·-·---·--·------
+ s
s
T s
·--------------------·----·-·-----------------
s s s
10.5 + _.;..._ _____ _ s ----------------·-··-._.. _______ _ s s s
• s
• s s s . ·---------------------------·--·--s-------------------------------··-----------------------
7.00
3.50
o.oo
+ s s s
S TS s s
s
W TW S + -------s---w-·s·-------s------------.. ----------------------------------·
•
y
+
w s
*S -·lr*w-w----------------------------------------------------------------------------
*rw
w ---------~ x~ ; •• +~~;-~ ;+---:-;:-;+ •••• + ••• .+ ••• :+:·;--.-:-+·;·.-;-·:+·; ;-~ ;=.:.~---;-;·+--:· ;-:-~-+--:-:-~-;T;-;-;·;-+
5. 15 25 35 45 55 65
o. 10 20 30 40 50 60 7 -r!== ·· -6~r··-·---t -----.. -------------------
:coR= • 8873 ETWT
MEAlr··-·--sr:-nt-v-.---REG·R-Es·s-rtfN--c-fNE ___ ffE·s:-Ms-;--------·------------. ------·---·
15.680 14.627 X= 2.0826*Y+ 1.5889 46.246
y 6.7662 6.2318 Y= .37801*X+ .83898 8.3940 ---------------·--------··-------------------------
ARIABLE 11 ETWT VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=WWBS , SYMBOL=W
ARIABLE 11 ETWT VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=WBS , SYMBOL=B
ARIABCE ___ irE:Ywrc~-~vs~ VAR-IABLE-22---nLrt·--------·GRbl.Jp::o·M·-----,--sYifBOL:M -----
VARIABLE 11 ETWT VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=TW , SYMBOL=T
WARIABLE 11 ETWT VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=LW , SYMBOL=L
JV ~~~~u A B[E _____ 'TiE: Tih V s:---v AFffABTE-2-2-tlwr··----·---tfROVF·;; [8------, SYifBO c:s-----
[I
w
30
••• + .t •••• t. + + .t •••• t •••• + •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• + •••• +. + •• t ••
+
+
• -··---------------------------~------------·-·------··· -· .. ···---------
•
+
3c;z..
~ -· 5t:~l/k · · -/tin qra:--·-· •
+
s
X
+
•
•
+ -----··· --· ···-----· ----·--·-·-·--·-· ~ ........... ______ --~----.. --. ·--------........ -· ---------
+
+
•
·--------·--·---------
·25 + +
T --------.------------------------------------------------+
s
• y
----------------20 + -------------------~-~----.. --~------·-___ , .. ________ . "f'
• +
-·--·--·----·--. ------------·---.. ·-----------------s ----------------------·-
.. •
15 + s + ·-------------------.. -·--··-"· --· --.. ···---------------------------·--· .
•
.. • ----------·-·-----------------s-·-·--s---s--------------------------------------------------------------
10 + s +
s • · ..... ---------------------·---s----s·s . ---.. g-·--· . --···-·-.... -----·---.... --~-·---·-·--s-----;
s
..
5. ·+·--·------·--s-----s·--s-------------------------···---------·· -----------·--.-.. ---------·---+
• s s s s ..
• B S S B + --------------s-----------------------------------------.. ·------·-·s -------·------
o.
B BBS BB ..
t B BB S t
.---;:y. + •••• + •• ~--;:-x~~f-•••• + ••• .-~--:-::T:--;:-;-;-+~-;~-.-.r;;:-.-:v.--~f·; .... + ..... r.-;-;-;-+-;~
52.50 87.50 122.5 157.5 192.5 227.5 262.5
70.00 105.0 140 .. 0 175.0 210.0 245.0 280.0
N= 39
COH= .6881 BDIA
X
y
MEAN
VARIABLE
ST.DEV.
55.606
7.2445
REGRE-SSION LINE
X= 5.2817*Y+ 92.628
Y= .08965*X-4.9977
R E:-s-;rrs~-------------------·-·--
1672.o
28.379
........... ___ ---------·---·--·------------. ---. ..-:'
6 BDIA VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=WWBS , SYMBOL=W
VARIABLE 6 BDIA VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=WBS , SYMBOL=B
VA R I At:"Cl:: ----6 -·Btl I A t/s-:-·vARTA-B L E-2'2--tlwr··-----------·GR 0 U F'-= 0 M" --.... ---,--s-Y M B oC=' t·r----
VARIABLE 6 BDIA VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=TW , SYMBOL=T
VARIABLE 6 BDIA VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=LW , SYMBOL=L v·A·R I ABLE ---6·--tittTA------v-s·:-·v·ARI"AB L~22 ___ D larf--------G R oUi=;-;'C s-· -----;·-·sYM B ere:: s------~
• ./fa· --·-·:r-------------·-----·----· ---··· -·---··· ··------··-·--·--........ ---···-<"' 4. rq_·------·-
. TABL!: G-2o. ._)•
s
35 +
• . ··-·----·--· ·------·-· --·--···-----------
30 +
• ------------------------------------·-·--------------·------------· ---------.
It
w
T
25 +
20 +
• ------· ···-------·----
15 +
• . ------··--··----
•
------·-------s---
s
s
s s g--·----·-----.:...---------··-----·----·-
• -·-------------··--------------·
C" ..Jt
• +
s
s
s s s s 5----·-----···
s s s -------------------·s-·---s-·-----------s···-----··--··-·-·------------·
SB B S S
. s s . -·-·-··-··-·--~ __ B ______ B ___ B_B_B ___ s _______________ _
0. + B B S
N= 39
COR= .8311 HT
-----------------·.
________________________ .:._ ______ _
MEAN ST. DEV. REGRESSION LINE RES:....:·~M.:.:S:....:•:_ _______ _
X 57.564 21.406 X= 2.4558*Y+ 42.143 145.51
Y 6.2795 7.2445 Y= .28129*X-9.9125 16.667
VffR1ABLE·---7HT v·s:-IJARIABL~22DWT GROUP-~WWffif---,--S'{MBOL=W
VARIABLE 7 HT VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=WBS ' SYMBOL=B
. VARIABLE 7 HT VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=OM ' SYMBOL=M VARIA1fCE--iH-T ____ v.:....:s ~----v-ARIABIE:--22 rlwr ____ G_fft)UF;:-.'(tl·---, --SYMB·oc::r·--
. VARIABLE 7 HT VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=LW ' SYMBOL=L
VARIABLE 7 HT VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=LS ' SYMBOL=S ···--·-····--·---------·----------
• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + ••• + + •••• + •••• .;.q 1. +.
40 Salt:t
35 +
•
30 + ·-· --------... --··--·--··-----··-··-··
• -·······-. --···--·--------·-------··--·----...
•
25 + ·------------·-------·······-----···· ···--·-·-----·--------------. •
•
+ s --------·----·· ______________ , __ ·-·---------··------------·----------------·-·--·
20 +
• ··----···---------·-----------------·----------------------·· ------=------·
• s
-------------s-·--·--·--··-··------·-·-----·· ··--------------
-····---···--· ---------· -------·-·--------------
s s s
10 + s ---------··· --s· ----··-----------------··-
s ss s s
s
5. + s s s
• s ss ·------·-· ~------------·-·s··-----*s·-a··-
s s
B S B BB B
s
+
X
+
+
- y .. -----+
•
•
+
. .
+
•
•
•
• ·-----. ..--
•
•
+
•
•
•
+
•
0-:---. +"----__ * ___ B_B _______________________ ·------------·------·-· ·-------· ----·-------· ·-------------+
.+ •••• Y ••• xt •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• + •••• t •••• t •••• + •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t.
N= 39
COR= .9665
6. 19 30 42 54 66 79 90 ---·--r::c-----24·--·------36 ____ -----4 a··· ---------c>o _____ ------f2 --------··--a4·--··· ···
DEPTH ---------···----····--------------------·------
MEAN ST.DEV. REGRESSION LINE RES.MS.
X 30.359 15.729 X= 1.BB13*Y+ 19.545 63.314 Y 6. 279s --·7:2·4-45--y-;;-. 399To-:~·:x=-~r:a36_6 ___ T:C43r----·-··------·---------·------------·--·
_,.
VARIABLE B DEPTH VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=WWBS , SYMBOL=W
lJARIAB"L!~~----·-a-ITE"Ft}f--·-·-,;nf;:---vARrAB"CE_2_2 ___ DWf _________ GR-OUP=WBS---·-·--;--syMBOC=II----------·-·
VARIABLE B DEPTH VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=OM , SYMBOL=M
VARIABLE B DEPTH VS. VARIABLE 22 IIWT GROUP=TW , SYMBOL=T
tN1R I ABLE -----~:f-IIEF.-fH·---vs-;-···(fAR 1-A-B-CE:-2-:r·-IiwT·------GROUP='Lw--·--------;-·sYMBOC=L-·--------·····-
VARIABLE B DEPTH VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=LS . ' SYMBOL=S
F't~GE 8 BMDP6D ALL VARS BY VEG TYPE
D
\,,
T
•••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t •••• t.
40
s
. 35
• --.... ·--·····-··-·--··--·------------------------·------> ----··-·--~----·
+
30 +
·····--------------------------~--------
. _______ ...;_ _______________________ _
25 +
+ ····------. ···-----------
s
------------------------·---·-···-·· ...... ---· ----------------
20 +
• ·---------------------------------------···--s ·---------------
15 + s
--------·· ----------·---------··s ___ s _________ s
10 +
··---------. ---------------------8
• -~r-. ----+ ---------------s·
s
S BB S S
s 8--·g-··--l:f -··· --------· s ..
s
-g---------s ·-----..... . .... -----------.
s s
------------------s----s·-------------
* B B B B
0. + B B BS
--------
s
--------·r·;-;-~-+~---:-:-:·+ •••• x •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + ••• ;-r.-~-~-~+:-:-.--;·+--.:--~~+~+ .-.-•• +--::
15 25 35 45 55 65 75
20 30 40 50 60 70
N:::: 39
COR= .6356 WIDTH
X
" I
-ME-AN ______ ST~. I:,..,tE=v:-:--.-R_E_G_R-ESSION LINE RE~r:Hs. ------------------------------------
30.000 15.733 X= 1.3804*Y+ 21.332 151.51
6.2795 7.2445 Y= .29269*X-2.5011 32.123 --------------------------------------------·--· ···------------
ARIABLE 9 WIDTH VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=WWBS ' SYMBOL=W
ARIABLE 9 WIDTH VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=WBS ' SYMBOL=B
'JAF~f(!BLE-9'l.J!DT_H ____ vs~-VARfABLE. 22D-Wf ____ G_Rb.IJP~-off ________ ;·--svhBbl.;;}t ______ _
VARIABLE 9 WIDTH VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=TW ' SYMBOL=T
~ARIABLE 9 WIDTH VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=LW ' SYMBOL=L
1ART·A-l:!t t:" Q t.ITnTI-I tiQ-i!AC:;;:-;:·-rJ·, ~ .... -~;...-.,.----~.-;;..-:--;-·;;-------·-;.;·;;-;;-;;-.:::;;;·-. ------.,...---
PAGE 9 BMDP6D ALL VARS BY VEG TYPE 3o~
· TI±B L.£ __ G-2.3 .. 5al4.
40 +
• s
•
35 +
•
• .. ----------------·----·-------------------------------------·---·-· ·----... ···-··----------------·-----------·
30 +
------------------·----------· ---------------·-------------
D
w
T
•
• 2 5"------+--
•
20 +
15 +
-----·------------------·-·----·--·-----···---------------------{
-------·-----·--g -· -----------------·
. ---·-·------------··· ------------------·-------------...
s
s .l
s s s
10 f" ------------···-----------------. --------·-s----------------------------;···· -------------------.
+ s
• s ss s
•
s s i ····--·-------------------------------------·-i:rs·-----··s·--------------------------· ------------------------------s·-----
s S B B S
o. + BB B s
•• t ••• Yt •••• t •••• x •••• t •••• t •••• t. • •• t •••• t •••• t •• • .t. •• .t. • • .t. •••+• • • •.
3. 9. 15 21 27 33 39
----------·-------
6. 12 18 24
N= 39 ··--------------------------------COR= .7235 RTANGL
X
y
MEAN ST.DEV. REGRESSION LINE RES.MS. 19 .1o3 -----,r:-aldo--x= --;9s5-39iY+ ___ Ti~9T5 _____ 47 ~-652 __ _
6.2795 7.2445 Y= .53119*X-3.8676 25.688
30 36 42
VAR I ABT .. E ... lORTANifC:·-~vs·-;v AIH--A BCE--22-DWT______ GR ou F' :w wss·---,--sy l-fB a·L =1r----
VARIABLE 10 RTANGL VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=WBS ' SYMBOL=B
VARIABLE 10 RTANGL VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=OM ' SYMBOL=M
tJARIABLE --io--RTAN(fL·--vs-:-··vARTABLE-·2:r-oGft ________ GROUP,;T\.f ------~--sYM:BoL=r-----------
VARIABLE 10 RTANGL · VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=LW , SYMBOL=L
PAGE 10 BMDP6D ALL VARS BY V~G TYPE 307
D
w
T
.+ •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• + •••• +. + •• + •••• + •••• + ••• •+· ••• + •••• + •••• + •• + .+ ••
5o/a..
4o + TA.8LE G-~ '-/.
s
35 +
• ---~------~-----~---------~----------------------------------------------------------------. -. --------------·--------------------· 30 +
• -------------~------------------------------------------------------.
•
25 + --·------------·-----------··-------------··--_____ .. ---------.......
20
15
---------
10
o.
+
•
+
•
+
+
..
•
s
s
s ss
s
+ s s s
• ss s
s
s
s
·-------~--
s s
s------------------------·--------------------------·
s
-~----BS*_S ___________________ ..
• s s
• B*BBB ... tsif ______________ . --------·--·-·-----------------------·---------------
YX. • • .+. • • •+• • • •+• • • .+. • • .+. • • •+• • • .+. • • .+. • • •+• • • .+. • • .. +. • • .+. • • .+. •
5. 15 25 35 45 55 65 10 20 3o _____ 4o 5-o-· l>u----
N= 39
COR= .9355 ETWT ----------------------
MEAN ST.DEV. REGRESSION LINE RES.MS.
X 12.818 13.405 X= 1.7310*Y+ 1.9484 23.056
Y ---·;s·~-2795-~2 4 45 ___ r =·--;so 5-5-4 *x-=-:-2"o <J5r-·-6-.7 3 3-;s-------------------·-----·--
VARIABLE 11 ETWT VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=WWBS , SYMBOL=W
VARI AB[E--1-1 ETWT----v-s·;-v'AR-I ABLE--22-"ttWT ________ (lROUF'=WBs----,-·-·sYMBOC=B ---
VARIABLE 11 ETWT VS. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=OM , SYMBOL=M
VARIABLE 11 ETWT US. VARIABLE 22 DWT GROUP=TW , SYMBOL=T
tJ ARI A .. BL E-fi"ErlJT-----vs-;-vAR I A-BLl::---22-flwr·-----GROUF'=nr--·-;-·syM:EfOT=L·--
VAR I ABLE 11 ETWT US. VAR T A 1=11 t= ?? Tti.IT r.h'ntiP=I tt • ~YM'Rnl =~
Browse Pilot Study 308
APPENDIX H
Means, standard errors, variances, and estimated sample sizes for dry
weight current annual qrowth of shrub species. Twigs and lP.avP.s WPrP r.lippPrl
from 1-m 2 plots. Dry weight estimates are presented by site, with sites
grouped into level IV vegetation types. The within estimated sample size
(WNHAT) is the number of 1-m 2 plots required to be clipped in the vegetation
type within 20% of the mean with 80% confidence. These clipped plots are then
evenly allocated to the number of sites sampled in the type.
·~·· In' L ................ _ .. _ ...... ... ................. ...... .. ........................................ -·-------
,.' I .; i : I-~: 1---------.::-:: ==-===:::-=:::=·=-....... ::~ :::·-;.:.·:.::·:..: .::·=-=:.::·..::.·.=:::-=·-.:-:::=::·==:·::-:::·:.:::-.:=-==-=-=-=·==--:-.:-..:::: ·= ::::. -·=--:::.-:::.:.·::·= := =-:..:..:.-.::. :..:...::·:=:::..:--...::::.--:: • ..:::.-::.-=--::.-=-=--------------.1 :: l TABLE H t ME AN S , STAN II A R [I ERR 0 R S , AND VA R I AN C E S F 0 R [I R Y WE I G H T S -
tt. ___________ OF _SELECTEII SBf\UB SPECIES INDIVIDIJAL.LY AND COMBINED FOR .. _______ ...... .. ........ ---·----··---·--··-·
SITE 10. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS C1M2). ESTIMATED SAMPLE
• SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NU~HIER OF BAt1F'LING UNITS f~EI:HJIF~ED TO SAMPLE THE
__ --....ClJ..I"ill.fJil._ A.NlliJAL._!l!l.!lW T •t .. W .LUU.t'l_~_g ~L .. Qf __ U.tf::_ ~ f-0. ~ __ W_Il!J __ B .2.?-: CD Nf.!. P§:..ti.G !;_ • .. ___ __
---------------------------------------------~----------------------------------• 2 . ; ,----·------·---__ ,.. ·--------_____ ,.. ___ ·-----------·------____ ,_ .. -------· .. ·--..... -----·---------... -.. --· .. . . ---------ll CATEGORY <N = 10) X S_ S N NHAT . ' ... -· --................ ---·-----.. ----.. --· -.. ·-...... -.. -· ·--.. -----.. --·-----~ ----...... ------------..... -----· --... --.. --· ... --·--- ----·-----
6, BETULA GL.ANDIJLOSA TWIGS <tQ(4l'O.M4 16 • 3. 2 101. 9 1 () 17
·i
1
i ---riEfuCA-iTL.ANr•iji·osf.i···rE·AV'E(s < oir<Hr-·-1T2 ~----... {7. c· ... 2 .. !if3·. 5 .......... .. ... 'io'-....................... __ ro--
• ,: SAL I X P IJ L C H R A T W I G S < G I 1 0 M 2 > . . 2 • .. 1 •. 9 . 3 5 • 3 1 0 2 7 4
WITHIN WN WNH
,: SALIX F'\JLCHRA LEAVES (0/10M~~). .:· . 6t':: ·:·:· .. _'·.~·~·! .5/b . 253.~~ 10 279 ·: --·-iff.,C:i: x GL.'AtJc)\. · fW i Gs -c!3It ot12T···--·-·-·-·-·---···-r~· .. -' ....................... o; 6 ........ , ..... · 3. 6 ·-·· · 1 o· ........ ·4Jo····------------~-------------------------
• ·~ SAL I X G L rl U Cr., LEAVES ( G I 1 0 M 2 > 2 • 1 • 6 2 5 • 6 1 0 4 1 0
.: ·~TOTAL HJIGS AN[I LEAVES 4<GY.i11:'0M'i' 139. 24.9 6189.2 10 14 ,,
I . ,·
•'
-~·•••••••••• ••• ''' '' ••··-·--• --··-~_.,," .,,,,,_,,.,.,_,,~,••<>•.,...•••·-~---•• -••• 0 ~-•-·-···~"'''"-••• •<• ••••-•'<0• •-• ,_,,.. •-•• ••c••• -··---·---·-··-·-•·•-·---·-·-~-·· •-···--···----• .. •••
I ' i ,, t t; · ..
I;" j
t ",, l ,, '
I' ~ ,• i
·' ''·
• ll
•
... --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TABLE H~ MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR DRY WEIGHTS
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOF
SITE 11. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS <1M2>. ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TC SAMPLE THE
CURRENT ANNUAL GROWTH WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE. ·-·. .
----------------------------------------------~-----~---------------------------:·
2
CATEGORY <N :::: 6) X s_ N NHAT WITHIN WN
. ····-··--··-·-···--··-·-····-........ -... ---·-··-·-,,~, ;~;~~;-~~;~;~c~;;-;;~;;z;;;;;;----;;~------;;~;-----;;;:;-----------;---------;; "r-.. ··BE'fiJL1~ -Gi.ANDULOSA LEAVES< G/ 1 Ot1 233. 69.9 29283.2 6 ~~3
• Nl SALIX GLAUCA TWIGS (G/10M2) 3. 3.3 66.7 6 246
• . SALIX GLAUCA LEAVES CG/10M2) 6. 6.0 216.0 6 246
WNHA
, ~: ,. ------~~~~~--!~ ~-~ ~-~~~~--'=~~~~~-~-~-~~~-~~:-.~~---=~: :. -~-~ ~--~~~~~ ~----~~~~:: :.~ ---------------~ -------------.. --~~ ----·-------------··· -----· .... -----
1 . .
: . I ·-· ··-· ... . ..... . .. .. . . . -·· ·---. . . ......... ....... . l ..
I .. i
• i : r I,. t
l.,;
J J
'' : , ,. 'I
•i I t , I 'I
.......... ···-------~--~: ...... 1. ... , •• · ... •·'-··--''···· .. ·-·-···
•
,_. -----...
_L_ __ . ___ ~·
• •••• •w•-•--·•-•-• ------·------•·-·------------------------••••-••••••-•••••·----------------------------------------------------
TABLE H! MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR DRY WEIGHTS
,. . ... ----------------------------------
"',,•
.• ..
; i
-: U F SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR WOODLAND BLACK--
WHITE SPRUCE TYPE. N IS NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS <1M2), ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE <NHAT) 19 THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE ~ ,;
-=~~~~~~-~~~~~~-~~~~~~--~-~~~:~::~~~-~~-~~~~~=~~=-~~~~-=-~~:=:_g~~~~~~~s~~.:_;._.:=·-:.-=------------------------------------_ -,'"""'"· F~~
CATEGORY <N = 16> X
BETULA GLANDULOSA TWIGS(G/10M2 22.
: ------£iETULA ___ GLAI·WULOSA LEAVES<GI10M "157 •. ..
I
SALIX f'ULCHRA TWIGS (G/10M2) 1o
SALIX PULCHRA LEAVES (G/10M2> 4.
SALtx GLAUCA TWIGS (G/10M2) 2.
I SALIX GLAUCA l.E!WES <G/10W2l 3.
TOTAL TWIGS AND LEAVE<! \ G/ .l(HI2 169,
',...:-~-t:~ 2 -~
BNHAT ; ?;~:~ s N
4.8 373.4 16
--3o;a ---15191.5 I" "16
·--1. 2 22.5 16
3.2 161.2 16
1.3 26.3 16
2.4 92.2 16
36.5 23755.9 16
NHAT WITfHN WN WNHAT
33 340.64 14 30
26"' 12:331";26 -·n · --·z1 ____ ----
447 22.72 14 451
455 162.78 14 .. 459
408 26.12 14 406
358 9:5.60 14 363
2B 2'0583 .13 14 24
BMS N= 2 BN
832.54
55085.40
19.84
139.54
--28. 02
72.60
681.'75.11
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
----~
73 ,i' i
.., :
I !
' '4' '·,; ---. ..., .... ,
' . ' .
17iBLt#tf.·---HEARs; stM~t•ARD ERRORs·;--ANt•-VARfANtts FOR-tii~Y WEIGHTS
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
SITE 14. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS <1M2>. ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE CNHAT) IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REOUIREI TO SAMPLE THE
• • J
w: .. CURRENT ANNUAL GROWTH WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE.
i ' l------~----~ ~::::: .. -:.--:: ::.~= ::::.:..~~::::_-::.~==:~--=-~-=-=---=--~-=~ --=~.:=--=--~~__:::__::.:._-__:-_:_~.~=-=~::: .. -~ --~---~==-~~.-_-:_::_~--~~----:---~: -~ ---·:· -~ --:------- --~---_ ---:.: ----_:_:::_·: .::--------·------------·
I 2 '-' ! :· 1 C f~ T E G 0 R Y < N = 8 ) X 8 _ 8 N NHAT WITHIN WN
I , I" ! -------· -·--· --------------· -·· .... .. ...... ----. --------·-----.. -... .. X ........ ---------..... .. ·------------........ -
'" --------------------------------------------------------------------------------... ,,
f..
BETULA GLANDUL08A TWIGSCG/10M2
BETULA GLANDULOSA LEAVESCG/10M
BALI X PU[tHHA ·rw IGS Hrl iOM2 >
SALIX PULCHRA LEAVES CG/10M2>
TOTAL TWIGS AND LEAVES CG/10M2
41 t
172. ----~r;---·----..
7.
224 •.
14.0
61.2
4.8
6.6
78.2
1570.C 8 39
29919.4 8 42
180.5 8 32~:r·----
351.1 8 328
48880.5 8 40
. ·-.... --------------------------------------------------------------------------------1'
L''
--·-------· -----· ----
.. .. ---··-·· ----... ~-·-
Wt
•
.... ' --r --·----------------·-------· --------------~--• r--------~--------·-------
·~
(
6 ~-. ----..: -----:.-------------------------..:.-=-.::-.::::-..::..-=-::= .::-..:. ;.;.·::.·:..-:::::-.::-::.-.::-=.-.::~--==-==-=·===·=-::::::. :.::.:-------------
•. I TABLE H.f' MEANS, STANDARD EI~RORSr AND VARIANCES FOR DRY WEIGHTS
-------~-----------------------.... ------------------
',1 OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR • : r-------------~i~!--~~~-:~-~--i~ --~c~: -~~~: ~:-·g;·~~: ~~~ i~~-~ t i ~ ~ ~ ~~ B i ~~[IE;~ r~ ~~~~ E s ~ ~ ~ LE' . ---------··-----·-··----~
~1 CURRENT ANNUAL GROWTH WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH BOZ CONFIDENCE.
~--~-----------·-------------------·---------------------------------------. -----·· -··---------·-······ ,« .. -• ••• -------•••••••• •• ---
··' ----------------------------------------------·---------------------------------1 I •
• •. 1
'! •. ~----~~-~TJ;:~_Q_!3_Y ___ , __ ~~-.. :='. ·-9) ··-.. --------____ .. ___ ~_: .... _ ... :c
2
s_ s ---. . ----·····-... --------_.._, _______ _ N NHAT
'" X . --------------------------------------------------------------------------------,, BETULA GLANDULOSA TWIGS(G/10M2 52. 10.4 971.4 9 ---f-iE:-fU[A-G L ANDUL OEfALEAVE.STG /10M ---prs. ---··s·7 • 4 ---2965·s·;o ···--------. . ....... 9---------·
SALIX f'ULCBRA TWIGS (G/10M2> ·. '34. . 15a9 · 2285.9 9
SALIX f'tJLCHRA LEAVES (G/10M2> I 64 •. '::' ·26.4 6265.0 ' 9
15
3.2
82
64
WITHIN WN WN
... ------'f'o·i.-ALrw!f.fs .... Mfti-TEi~VE~r'-nr7ToH2-""-.. -345:----'-"---·"""'s9 ;·a-.--'3::.!T56 .. ;·7 ·---------· ·:·----· r;·----·-·;~-r:.r----·----------.. -----------··--...
I 'r----------.. --------------.. --.. ----~~ I,,.! , ; .ll,:l. ··,. '•J·, ,,··,:
··::r .. _~,;;:·i'·f; .
. "'
; ... "''.
f
---------------------·-· ~ ---------------------._, .. • " ' :" ... !
••
•
' ' ~ ~
i:l' . ----------.-------·.·-----------· .. ·-------------------------.·---.·.·------------------.---
• TABLE H2 MEANSr STANDARD ERRORSr AND VARIANCES FOR DRY WEIGHTS , ~--------.. ---[)r:···sE:l.ECTEit SHf<lJB-SF;EciESI"ifiiTvifiLi"A[[y ANI• .. tl.lMBt NEii F-OR ... -· ------------· -· ... ----------------------~------,-
SITE 19. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS <1M2>. ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
CURRENT ANNUAL GROWTH WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH BO% CONFIDENCE. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------'
X I.; --------------------------------------------------------------------------------,,~-----:OETULA GLANDULOSA TWIGS(-G/10M2----7; ·--. 4.0 l.62.i 10 --E~9---------·--------------·-··
1
.1 t::ETULA GLf.tNDIJLOSA LEAVES(G/10M 76. 28.9 8340.9 10 60
,: S?1LI:X F'UI..CHf'.;f-1 TWIGS (G/10M2) b. 3.7'. 133.4 10 181. I .~-------s~;L'i X-P-lJL-CHRA-LEAVES-(G/l OM2T~ ---··-· 2o-: --·------9 ~-9· .. -989--.1 . 10 -io2--·-·-:·------------------
.1~: TOTAL TWIGS AND LEAVES CG/10M2 108~ 36.2 13139.5 10 46
i i --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
! I; '
"
___ JA~_L£__!!_~-MEANS r STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR DRY WE I GHTS
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR WOODLAND BLACK
SPRUCE TYPE, N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS <1M2>, ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE <NHATl IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REOUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
·cURRENT ANNUAL GROW Til WITHIN 20~ -OF--THE MEAN WI Til GO% CONFIDENCE,
--------------------------------------------·------------------~------------------
2
--· ---·-------
CATEGORY (N 37) X s_
X
s N NHAT WITHIN WN WNHAT
---·~-----__d
·-·----· ····--·-·-·--... -·--·-·--. . -------
SALIX PULCHRA TWIGS IG/10M2l 11. 4.5 749.6 37 243 630.68 33 205
SALIX F'ULCHRA LEAVES IG/10M2> 25. 7.9 2281.2
,.
37 151 1920.42 33 127
SALIX LANATA TWIGS IG/10112) o. 0.1 0.1 37 1516 0.11 33 1530
499 1.47 33 420
·----.ro--2:!6\J 7-;3 s -·--n-~~----.........,.,. ......... r-r....-----.-----..7:7r....,;;;;s, SALIX LANATA LEAVES CG/101121 o. 0.2 1.7 37
TOTAL TW-ins· AND LEAVES IG/10112 Hf4~--29~-8 32aatr; a 3/
-\z:..L ---··-··-----··--------·--·--------------------·--·--·-··---------·--------• •
• I TABLE H~ MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR DRY WEIGHTS
.~ OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
········-····--·---
• u
-··· )•----· -······--·---·-·····----..... -·········· ··-···· ... . .... ····· ..... . ·--····· .... ··-·--·. . ; . . --. . ...• . . . .. . ........... ------·-··---------···-----
/. r SITE 16. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS < lM2). ESTH1ATED BAiiPLE
• , , , BIZE <NHAT> IS THE NU~1BEr< OF SM1PLING UNITS r\EQIJIFIED 7 0 8M1PLE THE
1 ·I CURRENT ANNUAL GROWTH WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE, l I -.. . -. . . • • -.. -.-······--····--··-·· .1:1 ------------------------------------------------------;-------------------------
. I : ~ ____ c~!-~~ f19.~L < N _ = __ ! OJ ______________________ ~-.. --. ______ .. __ s~ ___________ s u ~~~-~! ___ _w_~TH I~--~~-----~~~~
•:·.
i '! •·! I .. :-
.. , l • 'J
•
BETULA GLANDULOSA TWI~SCG/10M2 5,
BETULA GLANDULOSA LEAVES<GiiOH .... 29.
ALNUS SINUATA TWIGS (G/10M2) 10.
ALNUS SINUATA LEAVES CG/10H2> 62.
. TOTAL Tl.fi. GS f.itHt LEAVEEf. ( 0/ fbM;r···-. H57; . -· ·-·--··
2.7 72.8
lf:l. 5 ~5418.<}
6,. 9 476.0
42.7 1827:·5. b
49.3 24256.0
10 125
10 -.. 1.67''" ..... ~-' ., ..• ·--------. --.... . ---·-·
10 184
10 19~3
10 -. ··-sa ------· ------------
i .
I 'I
I ' w!
! .·
~1.1 .. I l .. I
i .
'IIJI':
WI·
'-' ..
. . ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Tt,BL.E HIP t·1EANS, STMHIARD H:I~ORS~ AND VARIANCEB FOH DI~Y WEIGHTS
~F SEL.EtTED SHRUB SPtCIES-iNbiVIDU~LL.Y AND COMBINED FOR
SITE 17, N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS <1M2>. ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
CURRENT A~NUA[--ct~O~TH WIT~IN 20%-bF THE MEAN WITH 80~ CONFIDENCE.
' --------------------------------------------~-----------------------------------
-· ····--· ···-···· --------~ ··-····-·-·------'
(N "" 10) X s_. s
X
" .... _._ ... -.... -·---...
'··-
•
. 'I ' .
C ----
'
' -----
i ---------------
-------------------·--------------------------------------------------~-----·--------------
TABLE fij MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR DRY WEIGHTS
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR OPEN MIXED
•• SPRUCE-BIRCH TYPE, N IS NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS (1M2>, ESTI SIZE-~~i-i~i~~-~~~ROF SAMPLING~~fii-R~~if~~~L!~E~~T~H:E=~~---------------------~-~~
, ..
1
' ... !
CURRENT ANNUAL GROWTH WITHIN 20X OF THE MEAN WITH 801 CONFIDENCE, ----------------------------------------------------------·------------------------
CATEGORY <N '~ 20> X s N tHiAT WITIUN WN WNHAT BMS N= 2 IlN s_
X ___________________________ _::..-:...:~·===-=:.:-.:::.-:::-________ ~.:.-=::-.:·.::.:::::.:-::..-:::~:-~=~:::.:..:;;:.-_-::;.::.---·--------·-----------,---------'-----:---:-,
BETULA GLANIIULOSA TWIGS<G/10M2 2, , 1.4 40.8 ,. 20 279 36.38 18 249 120>05 1
----~~.!ULA GLANDULOSA LEAVES(G/10M 15!. .. 9,6 1840.8 20 359 1709.44 18 334 4205,00 1
ALNUS SINUATA TWIGS (G/10H2> 5, 3.6 253.4 20 392 238.01 18 369 ··-530.45 ___ f---,..,~,....
ALNUS SINUATA LEAVES <GI10M2> 31, 22.0 9680.6 20 408 9136,80 18 385 19468,80 1
TOTAL TWIGS _AtlD LEAVES ( G/10M2__ __ .?.!! ____ ?_~! 9._ ___ 1~~!!_~!-~ ______ .... ~0 __ ---~~~212~~-~~--___ !~ _1~7 _ _::5 _______ :::._5:::..68~~17__:_' B:::._O;___ ____ l::_ _____ ~!lt
--------------------------------------~-~~~~--~------~---------------L~-~-------
•
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------:: ---TAB"Lt JftZ. ·-,;rtM~s ;··-sfAiftif.ik.ri---ERI~OR{f;-·AHI:IiJARTA"t~cEs··-r:o"R-·r~~YWEf3H'rs· -~-----·----------· ·--------------
t1;1 OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY ANY COMBINED FO~
l;i SITE B. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS (1M2>. ESTIMATED SAMPLE
... :.1-~--·· ····--··EiiZE-<.NHAT) IS.THE.NUMBEif-OF SMiPLING UNITS f~EQUif~ED TJ SAMPLE THE . ··-····-·
~~n CURRENT ANNUAL GROWTH WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE. ~-·-____ _:·:..::.:::.: ---· -~ . .:::..::=.:::. ~~.::: . .:-.~. ~~-~~ ::.-:-::-.. :::.:.:-:-...::.:.:: :.:...:::..:-::::.::.::.:.---=-··.=::.: . .-...:::..:-~.-:.: -~=-~::: -:..:==-=--~.:..::~.~~--~ ::.:::.._-._-. .. ~~--=.::-..::. :.:..:::.~.:.: :.::::.:.: .. ·-----
• CATEGOF.:Y < N ::: 7 > X s_ S N NHAT WI THIN WN WNHA
·-·-·--------·----··-·-------------------· --• --------·--------------··--·-·--·--·-·~---···-·-·······-···-·--·· -----·--··-----...•. ,. .............. ··-······· ...... .. .. -·· -----·
X
-------------------------------------~--------~---------------------------------t BETULA PAPYRIFERA TWIGS <G/10M 10. 7.6 407.3 7 183
• BETULA PAPYRIFERA LEAVES (G/10 26. 20.9 3054.7 7 186 • r·J --~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~t-~~~~ ~ ~~--r~ ~~~~('~-~-~ 0.~-~ ~~~~~-:---~; ~ :·~---~; ;~~ ~;:·r--·· ............. ··~·-.·-·-· ~--···---··-···----··-i ~ ·---
' 1-----·-A_L:.N.~§__-~ __ I_~!J.AJ.~ _.T_~I!?.~.--'(~f.JQ.t1.?L ... __ ~J.~~-!...~:~_:.__, .... 6~-· 3 .......... ??.198._._~-----___ .. -·-···· -~7 ..... : ---·---~----~! -----'-----------····-----~· ,··! 0LNLJG :nN~!~TA LEAVES ~G/10M2) . 232. 110.~ .,.85111.1 7 65 t: · i TDTM .. fi,Jib~J AND LE{~VES (G/:1.0M2 1989. 464.1. 1.l08023.8 7 16
-,,1
I
... ~:------·.---------------------------·----. ": ,,
•
• ._,
' --·---~------·----------------------·-------------·----------------··· --------------·-----------------'--
"· .1 .. :; '
! .:: 1· ----Yitic~=!f£3~.-:~;~~~ ;~~;~ ~~t~~~t~-~ ~-~{;~§ -;-~~~ t~~~~~-~ ~~~~;; --; ~~ --t,;~~ --~~ -~ ~;-~~-~ --------------------_---:_-_-__ -------------------------·-·-·-·· ---
•11 ::· II -~ ~ T;. E ~~-~~-~~1.~ ~ ~ ~~--~ ~ ~ ~~-~ s 0_~ ~ ~ ~-~~~~~ ~ t L_~t~ ~ ~-~---~~~~;~~~IE~~~-~ ATE D __ sAM F: ~ E_ ------------,.------
1~ SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER .OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
•1M, CURRENT ANNUAL GROWTH WITHIN 20X OF THE MEAN WITH BOX CONFIDENCE.
l --------------------------------------------------------------------------------:1, --·--·-----·-·· ------·--· ----«· ··-·-···-··-··--·-·--·. -· ··-···--
" . " CATEGORY <N = 6) -X s_
X
2
s N NHAT WITHIN WN
2•: -----····---------------------------------------------------------· el:l ;;~i;-;~c~~;;-;;~;;-z;;~~~;;-------;~-------~~~-----;~~~;-----------~--------;~;
WNI-I
j .. ,: SALIX F'ULCHRA LEAVES (G/10M2> . __ 21. 17.7 1871.5 6 100 .. 1------s-~~TTx--ALtlXENSI s· l'l•fi Gs.Ttf/foM2T---------46-~---·--------·27. ()" -· -4368.8. .. . -· . 6 -----·a5 ·-·-----·-···--· ·--. -----·--· -----·
• j SALIX ALAXENSIS LEAVES (G/10M2 149. 84~'2 42549.1 6 80
~~ TOTAL TWIGS AND LEAVES (G/10M2 222. 103tB 64697.1 · 6 54 •I :' i=:~:~ --~~--___ c-----~-~ =--~~~ :·--------~-~~~ -~-----.~-~-=~ ~ :c: =~==~ ~ = = = ,_ = =-: = =-~=-=-----= =-==-=~--=-------W--
•;! ~ --
•.
•
TABLE ~tiEAt~S, STAtHIARD ERRORS, ANi•--VAFdANCES FOR DRY WEIGHTS
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR TALL
,..------·---.. -·
I WILLOW TYPE. H IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS <1M2), ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE INHATl 18 THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
:·:
·, . . •,
. .Jt
---"---~
: (:( ___ ~~-:~~~~~~ ~~: ~~ ~~~ L: ~; :~ ~ ~ •• ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~j~~: ~~:~·~: ::: :~: ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~~ ~: ~~~-~~~:~ :~:::::: :::::--. -~~,;I~ -~-~--WN~~ T-. _B_M_S_N_=--..,.2---~-~~-.---~~-~-~-~-l A-_T"'"',,..,_~
• 1 457 ;~; I BETULA f'AF'YRIFERA TWIGS IG/10H 5. 4.2 228.3
BETULA PAPYRIFERA LEAVES IG/10 14. 11.5 1709.3 ,.
: i
--·----sAD iC PULi::-HRA TWIGS IG/10H2l -3-;--.. . ·3-. f i22.2
SALIX F'ULCflRA LEAVES IG/10H2l 10. 8.3 894.8
SALIX ALAXENSIS TWIGS (G/10H2> 393. 127.0 209750.5
'i SALIX ALAXEtlSIS LEAVES (G/10H2 550. 153.3 305555.4
• .. i ALNUS SINUATA TWIGS IG/10tl2> 73. 37.8 18578.7
\ I ALNUS SINUAH• I...Et•'JES (G/10M2> 125. 66.2 57028.8
TIH(1l. T"'l n'"· ·>i·:·, ; ::·· ~·, !_:::_:·c. i: ;; l 1 ,·',H7~ 1174. 353.1 1621132.3
' .... -~· -----......... ~ "" ..... ·-. -~---------~ ... ----
13 353 222.16
13 358 1666.18
13 . 450. --us; 26-
13 -40.3 850.67
13 56106845.97
13 4;2169661.78
13 142 14835.27
13 15'<> 46424.26
13 49851966.20
11 343 295,98
11 349 2184.00 1 457-t~ n·-· 443------u;s. 94 1 622!1
H 383
11 29
11 23
11 114
11 122
11 26
1379.90
1341700.33
180038::i ;73
59?56.31
1 622·:-r..;
1 356 tL•
1 "'H..:z&.
1 457, ~:~
173678.84 ·~**iifH¥ 1 4g~-n-~""' ............ ~l r---3 ,, ..
-;·
•
'i
'
l
' i I --------------------------------------------------------------------------------' .,!--· .. 'rABLE.Ifl$' nEANS~ ·sTAN[tAIUi--ERI~ORS,-ANtt VARIANCES FOR DRY WEIGHTS
,.! OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
.. j SITE 12. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS <1M2), ESTIMATED SAMPLE
~I--SIZE <NHAi) is i~t-NUMIIE~ OF ~AMPLING UNITri REQUIRED TO 3AMPLE THE
·' Ctmr-\EIH ANNUAL GI\OWTH WITHIN 20% OF THE t1EAN W 1 TH BO i~ CONFIDENCE •
I --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
.. . ,
i :: 1---------···-·---·--·--·---· .. .. ...................... --··----·-· ------_---· ·--·-~-0< ·-·-·-··-·-·-2 .. ··----------···
' i CATEGOF~Y (N ::: 4) . X s_ S N NBAT WITHIN
i" I X l .. I . .. . ............... ------· .. ---· .. ---------------- - -.. ·-.. ·----.... -----· ---.... -· ·-----.... -.. ------- -- --------... -· -------------· -· ---· ---· -· -- -------... .. l ::I BETUU1 GLMHIULOSA TWIGS< G/ 1OM2 66. 1 :~~~ 59.5 14140.3 4
183.8 135201.0 4
WN WNHAT
I"'· ______ BE~ULA DLANDULOSA LEAVES< G( 10_M _____ 2_?_~-·--_ ··-'75
·~ · SALIX PULCHf~f-t TWIGS (G/10M2) lo. 12 .. -·-----.·----·---------·--·--·------------·-----4.9 .. -94.9 4
;. SALIX PULCHRA LEAVES (G/10M2> 93. 21 32.6 t• 424B.9 4
SALIX GLAUCA TWIGS (G/10M2> 1. 164 0.5. 1.0 4 --. ---~---···"'·-....... .. ·• SALIX GLAUCA LEAVES (G/10M2> 2. 2.3
SALIX LANATA TWIGS (G/10M2> 13. 13.3
;3{:1LJ/ l..t,HAH'l L.E(.,I,.1 ES (G/1.0M2) 3'7. 37.0
TOTAL TWIGS AND LEAVES (G/10M2 503. 21:5.2
--·· 20.3
702.3
5A76.0
l!-31783.6
4
4
4
4
16if.
164
16A
30 ------------------------------¥-------------------------------------------------
..
' (j_ ____ --~~~ ~;, ~~tt_i:G: ~ ~~~;~ ~---R.LAJ!PA".P .. J;f:B.Qf:_§ _ _, _f!_t:! ~t ___ l{_MU ~-tl !;:_E,s .. f 0 1i: . PRY HEIGH! S . . . . .. . ... _.
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
• SITE 13. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS <1M2). ESTIMATED SAMPLE
-·----------·----·------
SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
CURRENT ANNUAL GROWTH WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH SO% CONFIDENCE.
---~---------'~~---'--
2 c A""'"ft:-cfoR7·----riir-;· --en-. ---------~.,...------· ·1r:·c' ________ -s··---·· -------··· · · -· ·--·l~ · ·-· · ·-------·mu-i-r--wrn~Tn-liTN-, w fHfA
t ~I ---------------------------------------------~----------------------------------• ~---·---f:.tTuLt ... G[ANitULOSA TWIGS< G/ 1 Oi12 - -33. ·-. . 36·-· ---·-·-·· -·-.. ---..
t :: ....... .J~~~~t~ -~~:~~~~i.~~~ .. ~~:6~s ~g~:g; _____ 2_~~-:. ___ .. -. 3i~--------~--------·-----· 'I BETULA PAF'YRIFERA LEAVES (G/10 35. ··-369
t!• Bf.tl.IX PULCHRA TWIGS <G/10t12) 3. 1.74
'
,! SALIX PULCHRA LEAVES (G/10M2> 22. 163
,;!""·-· ~:IM .. IX Gl.f~llCf.1 TWIGS <G7iOM2) 7; 369
t ,; SfH.IX GLAlJCA LEAIJES <G/10M2> 22. 353
•i T 0 TAL. TWIGS f.1 N D LEA IJ E S ( G I 10M2 3 53 • 2 9
----~~--·---·-------· --. ----·-··-.. , ____ "" --·-----···--· -----· ·-····· ------···-·-·----·-··-· ··-":--------·------· .. _ •· . -· --1-·-··· .. _ ~. ~--. . .... ·-,. ·-·· . ··-·-··. . . -------· ·-·-·-------------·---···----· --·-·-
·~ --------------------------~---------------------------------------------------~-
i '•
I .. •·
.1.:
I,,
.~ i ; ., 1---··-------·-. -·-----.... -.. _,... .. . ... ........ -· ---..... _____ ,_, _ _,_,,_,,..,. ___ ............ .
I' . :, .. ~
l :, j -· ·------- ---· .. :~ --..... :~·:. -·.:. ~------·--·-.... --.. --.. --.. -·-.. --------.. ----·-·-.... --..... -... ----.. -----·-·----.. ---.. -· ---.. ·•I " I TABLE HI. 7 ME AN s , sTAN It A R [I ERR 0 R s , AN [I v A R I AN c ~ s F 0 I\ [I R y wE: I (3 H T s
~~! OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR. l··;---.. -·-·--·s-irE·4~ ·-N-iS THE .. NUMBER.OF .. SAHF·C:i:t~G-UNITS .<iM2)~ ESTIMATED SAMPLE ...... --·--·--
~'wi SIZE CNHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE i. l __ ___ ...... (:.URr\ENT ANNUAL GROWTH WITHIN 20/. OF THE ME(.)N WITH 80% CONF I DI::NCE •
2
Cf.1 T EGOF~Y <N = x s_ s N NHAT ·-·-· . ~ -. . . ------~-------·-·--------------------X
BETULA GLANDULOSA TWIGS(G/10M2 24. 7.9 434.9 7 32
tli~TULt-i GLAiHIULOSA LEAVES (G/1 OM. 95. 25;9 4712.7 '7 ~!2
BALI X F'ULOmA TWIGS (G/10M2> 37. 13•8 1335.5 7 41
BALI X F'ULCHRA LEAVEf:i <G/10M2> 217. 73.0 37352.1 7 3:5
' TOTAL HIJGS AND LEAVES <GI10M2 373. 69.b 33S,26 • 2 7 11 .i
1
.. i--
. I ..
~
'J
WITHH~ WN
w
~
WNH
. 'V: -....
\
I .. ·!
tl .I;
'.:! • \:'_L ____ . ·----·----· -·· ..... ··-· -·--------·; __________ _
,, \ 'l'f1BLE Jff.g t\b'\NS, STAIHt1~RD ERF:ORS, Ml[l VAr\IANCES FOI';; DRY WEIGHTS
,.-)"-·--•••••• ·~--.• --. ---<>•. . ~ • • • • /, ' OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES HHIIVIDUALL Y AND CmHHNED FOr.;
1! i SITE 5. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS <1M2>. ESTIMATED SAMPLE I ! : SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
CURRENT ANNUAL GROWTH WITHIN.ibx· OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE.
I) ! --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
I I,
'
}
I : i
I' '
'
< N == 4) X
BETUL.f.1 GLM!DUL.OS(~ TWIGS(G/10~12 17.
BETIJLf.t GL {:,N D LJL 0 f:l r, LEAVEG(G/lOM 189.
EiM.. I X PULCHHf.s TWICH3 (G/10t12> 21.
..
GtlLlX PUL. CHF:r, LEAVES (G/10M2> 152.
TDTt~lL Tk!lt:l~i t,ND LE{lVEB <G/10t12 379·
s_.
X
,,
8.3
87.8
a.a
61.9
79.8
C' ~
278.3
30B4B.rt
:50f.l.7
1~:i351.0
25495.0
N
4 39
4 ~56
4 29
4 2B
4 F.l
-..... --"" -·: --_ ............ _ .... *" .... ··-.... --.... ---......................... -............... -............ -................ "'":' ........ --.... -............ ---................... \ .... -....... -............ -.. _ ............ ··-............................. -·· .. ..
••
•
• ' .
'
•
••
••
' . ' . '
f '' •. :
• . i
•
TABLE ~{1 MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANC~S FOR DRY WEIGHTS
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR
SITE 6. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS <1M2). ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE <NHAT> IS Tl~E NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
CURRENT ANNUAL GROWTH WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE,
CATEI30f~Y <N :::: 3)
BETULA GLANDULOSA TWIGS<G/10M2
DETULA GLANDULOSA LEAVES<GI10M
SALIX PULCHRA TWIGS (~/10M~) .
SALIX PULCHRA LEAVES <G/10M2>
TOTAL TWIGS AND LEAVES CG/10M2
X
55.
s_
X
s
2
39.4 46b3.0
276, 162/B 79521.3
so.···-···-·-···41-~7 ··--5206.3 ·
35. 18.7 1051.0
41b. 149.1 66652.0 3
NHAT
64
4 ~5
WITHIN WN WNH
------·-as---------------------------
.• Jt.>
16
~
. ....... __ ------------· ---------~----
. \ /--:] ___ ...;_ ____ -------·.
r: . -·-----------------------
---TABLE-7f2£Y-MEANS, STAlWARt• ERRORS,-AND VARIANCES FoR DRY WEiGHTS
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR OPEN LOW DWARF
~ BIRCH-WILLOW, N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS (1M2), ESTIMATED SAMPLE
1-------r;-SIZE <~mAT! IS TilE NUMIIER OF SAHF·Lit~G ·utHTS HEQUH\E[I tO SAMPLE THE
CURRENT ANNUAL GROWTH WITHIN 20X OF THE MEAN WITH BOX CONFIDENCE,
1-----------·-·-
CATEGORY < N = 27> X s_
X
2
s N NHAT
·' ' .........
WITHIN WN WtHiAT BMS N= 5 BN
------------------------_:.:.:.::·::-=:.:::.::.-::==-=-===--=--=-.:. ;__ .:.:.::::.:=::-:.:::.:.:::.-::.·::::::.:. ---:..--------··--_::.~;~;::·---. --·· ------····· ---------------,------------::::
..
·•,
BETULA GLANDULOSA TWIGS(G/10M2 36, 10.0 2692,0
BETULA GLANDULOSA LEAVES(G/1011 193, 37.2 37326.6
---BETULAPAVYRIFERA TWIGS <G/1011 a;-7,7 1617.8
BETULA PAPYRIFERA LEAVES (G/10 12, 11.7 3698.4
SALIX PULCHRA TWIGS <GI10M2> 22, 6.2 1045.2
SAL I X_ PULCHR·A-"CEAVES. ( G/1 0112 r··----roT-, ---26-, o···-rra239; 8 ---. -· --
SALIX GLAUCA TWIGS (G/10M2> 2, 2,3 146.8
SALIX GLAUCA LEAVES (6/10112> B, ' 7o3, 1448,2 ''
,;--S-ALIX-[MfATA.tWIGS <8110M2> ---2:---·----· 2-;·o· --1()4,-o·-"-~---
SALIX LANATA LEAVES <G/10M2> 5, 5,5 811.3
•< TOTAL TWIGS AND LEAVES CG/10M2 391, 49,6 66551.0
I M
27
27
27
27
27
27
27
27
'21
27'
27
87 2850.41 . 22 92 1820.84 ·. 4
42 38894.51 22 43 28703.34 4
1106-""1764-~ 89'. ~--·22 1201 -------·aoa;91
1106 4034.59 22 1207 1849.19
89 908.54 22 77 1796.78 -----_ ---.,onool;-;-n-~~5
1038 160,50 22 1135
972 1579.41 22 1060
· -·-1 roz;----9s-;--, 6---22--101 a--··-
1106 746.73 22 1018
18 75553.00 22 21
.... ,
, I
I.:
•
' ,,
--------------------------
'· •· ' -·--'--~ -····---···· --··----. -·-.. ·-·-· ·-..... .. ---· . _______________ .,. ___ -----·-----.--------·-··--· .•. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------t .. i TABLE H-J/ MEANS, STANDARD ERRORS, AND VARIANCES FOR DRY WE I GHTS
,' OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES I Nil IV I IllJALL Y AND COMB I NED FOf~
,,: -----------!.n f"E~--3-. -----tf"-i!r-tHE--NlJifBE:lCCfF ___ SAHF·ClNl3 -UNiTS ___ < i tf2 )·-;--EST I MATEtt SAMF'L"E-.
t .. ; • SIZE < NHAT > IS THE NUMBER OF SAtWL I NG UNITS REQUH~ED TO SAMPLE THE
' CURRENT ANNUAL GROWTH WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 80% CONFIDENCE. ..... ·-· ------· -~-... -----.... ,........ -.
" t 11
1
t -· 2 ":1-~-------~_0T~q_!:!_R'( ____ ... __ .<_N _ =:=_ ___ 6) ______ ---------~---------------_ s~-_______________ ~--_
••·I X
NHAT WITHIN WN
·~~~ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
"' SALIX PULCHRA TWIGS <G/10M2> 217. 56.3 19034.2 6 17
~JNI-
,,· -------!3AL :f)C F;ULCHRA-TEAVES-< o/ i6M2 r···-------655 .-· _, -~ .. i 17 ~ 6 83025 ~ f 6 ---(f _________________________ ------
t, TOTAL TWIGS ANI! LEAVES (G/10M2 872. .170.4 174207.1 6 10
"·I t I r.l I ,-,r __
::.-\
t ! ·•
' I ...
·I
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
..
.• 1
;;;~E-zc-~E;~~~-~;~~;~;~'"~;~~;s ~-;~~-~:;t;~~~~-;o;-~~~-~E~~~;;-~""""'"-="=---'"""----------· ----------------:---~ :(;
SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
CAG WITHIN 20Z OF THE MEAN WITH 67Z CONFIDENCE, ' t=. OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVUUALL Y AND COMBINED FOR WOODLAND BLACK-
""WHTTE-Sf'JWCE TYPE, N IS NUt1DER-OF-SAMPLING UNITS-<1M2)+ ESTIMATED SAMPLE
--··--·----------··-:::..::.:::-:..::.. .. ·-::-~: .. · _____________ :;::::_-_:;:-_-_-_-_:.-:..::::::::-.::-::::::::.=·-:;;;:;.:.:..-::-.:.:;_-__________ ----
2
,.--------------------------·------------------
CATEGORY <N "' 16> X s_
X
s N NHAT WITHIN WN
, .
. ;1
. ----------------------------"
WNHAT BMS N= 2 BN DNHAT
•I ;;~;;-;~~~~;;-;~;;;-z;;;~~;;-------;~-------;~;------;;~;----------;;--------;;; 22.72 14 275 19.84 1 24J ~
lm"'TG/l oH2r------..2~.---....,1·-,--3----2-..6-,-3---,-. -T~ ----z.y...-9--2..-6-.--,' 12-----r<l-na...-----~2""B.,....,,0,...2..------. -1~~~-2..,6,...;6 _ ___,, __ j""r.
TOTAL TWIGS ALL SPECIES (G/10M 3, 1,7 46.2 16 124 49.45 14 132 0.70 1 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------··----~-----------·-.<. ----···--------·-·-· ------• ----·-----·-·----··-;~~
:~ ------------··--------------------1'
·-·l·ibi:~~~~=-:-R~~;~s ~-~~ ~~~~; ~;-~~~~;~~ -~~b~~A~ tA~~~~-; ~;:~~~Y·=W£I~HTS ___ ----·-------~.~-~--· · -----· ----·-
oF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR WOtiDLAND BLACK
SPRUCE TYPE, N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS <1M2), ESTIMATED SAMPLE
----------------+-
. j'
--------·-------------"-'!
·._::f:tf'~
·----·------------------~.......;.._·_.·· ._..:~"4~'
----~S9IZE -HHtAT > IS THE NUMBER OF SAHPLTNii" UNITS-REili.ilRED. TO SAMPLE HIE --------------------------------· ··-----------------; '~-1\. CAG WITHIN 20Z OF THE MEAN WITH 67Z CONFIDENCE,
CATEGORY < N = 37> X s_
X
N NHAT
·, :< .. }::~t~
-·---·------··-·--------------· -----:4
WITHIN WN WNHAT BHS N= 4 DN BNHAT
---------------·:::· ______________ .... ...;-;..;;:..:_-:;;~::-::;-=:.;_-=;::.:...:;;::.;=..:.;.--===--:.::::.;·;::,;,;.::....:;; ____ ...;. __ ;:. ___________ .;;·,.;,.-...;-;.;~--------
SALIX PULCHRA TWIGS <GI10H2)
SALIX LANATA TWIGS <GI10M2>
--IOTAI:IWIGS All: SPECIES < G/1 011
11 •
o.
. 11.-
749.6
0.1
·749.5
37
37
37
149
926
147
630.68
0.11
630.57
33 125
•33 934
33-124
-----------------·-------------c--c:"1rl .~ -.i ... {~
·----~
w w w
.. -···---··· .. ----------------------------1
------------·-·-·.---·-------·-----------------------------------------------------------------------------TABLEJf MEANS, STA~DARD ERRORSr AND VARIANCES FOR DRY WEIGHTS
OF SELECTED SHRUB SPECIES I~DIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR OPEN MIXED
----SPr<l..iCE::Dif<CH TYPE; N IS NiiM9ER ·oF··sAMPLING.iJNITS .<1M2L ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
CAG WITHIN 20Z OF THE MEAN WITH 67Z CONFIDENCE,
-2
CATEGORY <N = 20> X s_ s N NHAT . }( --..
WITHIN
ALNUS SINUATA TWIGS (G/10M2) 5.
. --·TOTAL TWlOS ALL SPECIES <GI10M ~ .... .... 253.4
253.4
20
20
239 238.01
239 "238.01
----------------------·-·-··--··-··--·-----------------------·---------------------------------!
. -· ··-----------------------'--------..,-1
WN WNHAT
18 225
18 225
EtMS N= 2 BN BNHAT
530.45 1 501 :no·. 45· ------~ · -·sor-·--~
.. --·-·--·-·-----·-
~~;~;-3(4---~~~~~:-;~~~~~;~-~;;~;;:-~~~-~~;~~~~~;-;~~-~;~-~~~~~~;-----------------
·------·o·!""-st::-Ln::tED SHf\UB SPECIES UU• IV lt•UALL '( AtW COMic! NEt• fCOR tALL
WILLOW TYPE. N IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS C1M2), ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE CNHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
----.,.-ci'\GlJHH11~ 20in1F tfiE iiEAN irtfir67Y._t_ONFiDEircr;·---------------------------------------------·--·
CATEGOf\Y <N = 13> X s_
X
2
s N
----~---·-• ---·· ·-·-·-··---~---•..! -·--••
NHAT WITHIN WN WNHAT ElMS N= 2 BN BNHAT
BETULA f'AF'YF~IFE~A-IWI"GS-·<G7I<>M"~-4·:-2---2-21f;:r·--------f3------~rr-2'2'T."rr-1-r-2ro------:!95,9B 1 27Y
SALIX PULCHRA TWIGS CG/10M2) 3, 3.1 122.2 13 280 118,26 11 271 165,94 1 · 380
SALIX ALAXENSIS TWIGS CG/10M2) 393, 127,0 209750.5 13 34106845.97 11 18 1341700.33 1 218
--ATNOs··sHHJATA-TiHGS-CG/10M2> ---·-n,-----37,8 ... 18571L7 13 ·97 1'4835,27' 11· 70 -----···s-975"6-;-:n··--r·-·279 __ _
TOTAL TWIGS ALL SPECIES C0/10M 475, 153,5 306264,9 • 13 34154115.71 11 18 1979906,03 1 220.
.. TAICLE If MEANS, STANDARD Ef\rWr\S, AND VAHi:ANCES FOR DRY WEIGHTS
OF SELECTED SIIRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR OPEN LOW DWARF
BIRCH--WILLOW, tl IS THE NUMBEr\ OF SAtlPLING UNITS < U\2), EST HlATED SAMPLE
SIZE lNHATl IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
CAG WITHIN 20% OF THE MEAN WITH 67Z CONFIDENCE,
2
CATEGOr\Y (ll " 27) X s_ s NHAT
X
BETULA F'M''Yf(IFERA TWIGS (G/10M 8. 7.7 1.617. 8 27 676
SALIX F'ULCHr.:A TWIGS < G/:lOt\2) 22. 6.2 104~.i.2 27 54
-SACI:CGU,UCA TWIGS (G/10M2) 2 t 2.3 146.8 27 634
SALIX LAtlATA TWIGS (G/10M2) 2. 2.0 104.0 27 675
TOTAL TWIGS ALL SPECIES (G/10M 34. 9.3 2353.6 27 51
.. ··-·····------· -------. -·· --------,--,-j
WITHIN WN WNHAT
1764.89 22 737 808.91 4
<f08. ~i4 22 47 17<f6,7B 4
1.60.50 22 b93 .. ------71"+"38 -······· 4-
95.76 22 6'"''"' '-'-149.55 4
2710.99 22 59 387.92 4
TABLE .I" MEAtl:J, STAtHIAf\D EF\t\Q[;S, AtHI VARIANCES FOF\ DF\Y WEIGHTS
OF SELECTED SllRUB SPECIES INDIVIDUALLY AND COMBINED FOR OPEN LOW WILLOW
---·-IYF·E;·· ll IS THE NUMBEr\ OF SMIF'LING UNITS <1M2), ESTIMATED SAMPLE
SIZE <NHAT> IS THE NUMBER OF SAMPLING UNITS REQUIRED TO SAMPLE THE
CAG WITIIIN 20% OF THE MEMl ~liTH 671. CONFHIEtlCE,
CATEGOF\Y 6)
SALIX PULCHRA TWIGS (G/10M2>
T01~L 1WIGS ~LL SPECIES CG/10M
X
217.
217.
s_
X
56.3
56.3
2
s
19034.2
19034.2
N
6
6
NHAT .JITiiiN WN
11 19034.17
11 19034.17
" .J
5
WNHAT
11
11
'· --··-~··--· ·--·-
BMS N"' 1 BN BNHAT
o.oo 0 -o.oo· -o
Browse Pilot Study 338
APPENDIX J
Means, standard errors, variances, and estimated sample sizes for dry
weight current annual twig growth of selected shrub species. Modified from
data collected in 1982 by Steigers et al. (1983). Betula glandulosa and
leaves of shrub species have been excluded from the analysis. Twigs were
clipped from 0.5-m 2 plots. Dry weight estimates are presented by level IV
vegetation type. The within estimated sample size (WNHAT) is the number of
0.5-m2 plots required to be clipped in the vegetation type within 20% of the
mean with 67% confidence. These clipped plots are then evenly allocated to
the number of sites sampled in the type.
_T!!~~---:::r } ______ --··-.. -----·----·--··--------.. ---.. ---····-.. --------------------------··-
1126o OPEN WHITE SPRUCE
2
CATEGORY
. ,,
_1A.b./!;.-_:f"b.--.............. -.. --------.. ··---······---.. -··-------------.... -.. -··----··-...... --.. --.. --
11270 OPEN BLACK SPRUCE
CATEGORY <N = 150> X
11.
, .. >'•
~~~-...... .
s_
X
2 s
1007.8
N NHAT
150 210
WITHIN WN WNHAT DMS N= 10 BN
797.06 140 166 4285.82 9 891
23210 DWARF BIRCH
CATEGORY <N = 270) X
2
s NHAT WITHIN WN WNHAT BMS N= 18 BN BNHAT
---------·· -·-----------··-----------J:l....--------------------·--------------------7+.
SALIX PULCHRA TWIG (G/10M2> 13. 3t6 '3564. 7 270 .5l2 2811.36 252.404
SALIX GLAUCA TWIG (!3/JQJ:1.£!_. ___ _c~ ___ _}LL!_ ____ J.J~----..!f.!.~---su.-,u,. __ --! . ..D!."'-..._..!f..>!...£--2.D!-L-------.!....!..lL>L--L!_--J:L~~~~'t-
TOTAL ALL SPECIES (G/10M2> 3.6 270