HomeMy WebLinkAboutAPA1936d suppl• •
I
I, DRAFT
AN EVALUATION OF CHUM SALMON SPAWNING HABITAT
IN THE MIDDLE SUSITNA RIVER
By a
Andrew Hoff�ann, Doug Vincent-Lang, Allen E. BinQham, and
Christopher C. Estes
Alaska Depart-.nt of Fish and a ...
Su Hydro Aquatic Studies
2207 Spenard Road
Anchorage, Alaska 99503
Slough and side channel spawning habitats, of chum sal.an CQ�£g����£��� ����) in the �iddle reach of the Suaitna River were
studied to1 evaluate their responses to change in Suaitna
di�charge and local, flow conditions. Habitat suitability curves
and hydraulic models were developed from field data. These were
used to calculate indices of habitat usability <Weighted Usable
Area), as a function of mainstem discharge. Theae data provide
an overview of the expected response of currently utilized chum
apawning habitat areas to incremental regulation of mainate�
diacharge by the proposed Susitna Hydroelec�ric development.
CHUM AND SOCKEYE SALMON
SPAWNING HABITAT
in I he
SUSITNA RIVER
DRAFT
presented by:
ANDREW HOFFMANN
..
DRAFT
ALASKA DEPARTMENT OF FISH AND GAME
SUSFTNA HYDRO AQUATIC STUDIES
REPORT NO. 3
AQUATIC HABITAT AND INSTREA,M FLOW
INVESTIGATI ONS (M A Y -OCTO B ER 1983)
Chapter 7: An Evaluation of Chum and Sockeye
I Salmon Spawning Habitat In Sloughs and
Side Channels of the Middle Susltna River
Edited by:
Christopher C. Estes
and
Douglas S. Vincent-Lang
Prepared for:
ALASKA POWER AUTHORITY
334 W. FIFTH AVE.
ANCHORAGE, ALASKA 99501
01\:,FT
SPAWNING HABITAT PREFERENCE
MS-NAINSTEM
SC -SIDE CHANNE L
SL - UPLAND and SIDE SLOUGHS
T -TRIBU TARIES
ft-PRIMARY SPAWNING HA BITAT t -SECONDARY SPAWNING HA BITAT � -INCIDENTAL SPAWNING HABITAT I
MS SC SL T
\
COHO
MS SC S L T
CHI NOOK
MS SC SL T
� ' \
\
SOCKEYE
MS SC SL T
PINK
MS SC S L T
CHUM
_Ehysical HABitat SIMulation
PHABSIM
-
HYDRAULIC Dt.,. F.T
MODEL
WEIGHTED
USABLE
AREA
SUITA BILITY
CRITERIA
1.0
.9
.8
X
w 7 0
z
.6
>-
..._ 5 _J -(D 4 <f ..._ :::> .3
(/)
'.2
.I
0
0 1.0
CHUM SALMON
SUITABILITY CRITERIA CURVE
DEPT I/{
DRAFT
SUITABILITY CRITERIA
2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0
DEPTH ( FT)
DEPTH 00 0 .2 05 0.8 80
6.0
SUITABILITY
INDEX 00 00 02 10 10
7.0
•
8.0
1.0
9
.8
X
w .7 0
z
.6
>-
� .5 _J -
tD .4 <l �
:J .3
(f)
.2
.I
0
0
CHUM SA LMON
SUITABILITY CRITERIA CURVE
VELO CITY
DRAFT
SUITABILITY CRITERIA
SUITABILITY
VELOCITY IN DE X
-o�-1'0
I. 3 i 0 2.8 0.2 4.5 0.0
1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0
VELOCITY ( FT/SEC)
1.0
.9
.8
X
w .7 0
z .6
>-
t-.5
...J
£D .4 <t t-
:::> .3
(/)
.2
.I
0
I
Sl
2 3 4
SA
SOCKEYE SALMON SUITABILITY CRITERIA CURVE SUBSTRATE
DRA"
5 6 7 8 9 10 II 12 13
SG LG RU CO 80 SUBSTRATE CODE
•
SUBSTRATE PARTICLE SUITABILITY
CODE SIZE IN DE X
1 Sl SILT 0 00
2 0 00
3 SA SAND 0 00
4 0 10
5 SG 118-I" 0.50
6 I) 95
7 LG 1-3" I 00
8 I 00
9 RU 3-9" I 00
10 0.90
II co 5-10 11 0.25
12 0 10
13 80 >1o" 0 00
1.0
9
8
X
w .7 0
z
.6
.5
-
-
4
::> . 3
(/)
.2 -
.I -
0
0
�
I
1.0
SOCKEYE SALMON
SUITABILITY CRITERIA CURVE
DEPTH
DRAFT
SUITABILITY CRITERIA
I
2.0
I I I
3.0 4.0 5.0
DEPTH ( FT)
DEPTH 0 00
0 20 0 30 0 50 0. 75 8 00
I
6.0
SUITABILITY
INDEX 00 00 0 2
09 10
10
7.0
•
I
8.0
1.0
.9
.8
X
w .7 0
z
.6
>-..... r:: _j ·�
-CD .4 <t
.....
:::> .3
Cf)
.2
.I
0
0
SOCKEYE SALMON
SUITABILITY CRITERIA CURVE
VELOCITY
DRAFT
10 2.0 3.0 4.0
VELOCITY ( FT/SEC)
•
SUITABILITY CRITERIA
SUITABILITY
VELOCITY I�Q�X
o.o 1.0
1.0 10
2.0 0.5
3.0 01
4.5 00
5.0
'I
IO l .9
.8 X w .7 Q z 6 >-r-_J 5 (I) 4 <t r-::::> 3 (/) 2
.I
0 I 2
Sl
£9 3 4
SA
CHUM SALMON
SUITABILITY CRITERIA CURVE
SUBSTRATE
5 6 7 8 9
SG LG RU
SUBSTRATE CODE
DRAFT
--,--10 II 12 13
CO BO
•
SUITABILITY CRITERIA
SUBSTRATE PA RTICLE SUITABILITY
CODE SIZE INDEX
I Sl SILT 0 00
2 0 00
3 SA S AND 0 025
4 0 05
5 SG 1/8-I" 0.20
6 0 60
7 LG 1-3" 1.00
8 I 00
9 RU 3-9" 100
10 0 85
II co 5-10" 0.70
12 0 25
13 BO >1o" 000
--------
·--·-
. .. . . -;-· -·--
___ _J_
\-l y [J r r; u l \ (
,�c. DEL-
-::�.E. C) CT E.\) VAt. I) t- �
\-c('"
\-\AI?>\\ r\ 1 COM ytru E.N\S
/
··-
DRAFT
•
i <
L_ -·-·· j \.}
I �---'
SLOU GH 9
CHUM SALMON SPAWNING
t>O r: "' f t •o t•o ---CONTROI.liNG M&INSI(M
t 0 tlO DtSCH&RG£ / t 10 t20 .
t tO . . . ---SIT£ FlOW &I t tO . /
tOn COHTAOlliHG OOSCH&RG£ ;: tOO I' 0 �-�; 90 -· 10 1/ :.'J� eo �t 80 1/ .. �� :; ·o ... 2 10 '
:=-60 u eo I �-I > >O <1 >O ., ::> �I "' •O "' •o
30 )0
ul §I
?0 20 rl
tO " .. � tO
t _ _e ... " .. " 0 0 t
0 100 •oo 000 0 tO 20 30 •o
�lfr. rt ow tcr5\ DRAFT lo'4J fttf� r ct!"'cr:s�-...":.:�l tC��"5l
76 l: l 21
1• ---SIT£ FlOW &I ,. ---Cef<IAOlliNG M&IIISI[M
CONT�OlUNG OtSCHAAG £ D<SCH&AG[ , I ..
10 I� 20
' •• J 1 .. r t8 I
.,_ '. I � ... tl -· :.'Jt I �! t. I � � t1 I �; t 2 �I 0 ..,J '-" I I �· tO I �'::. tO
!),/"\ , ,. u n n .. � " . I""''',, � • "
1
• I I 1 f't I
0 I ' lil 0 t•---4 • � 1()0 400 01)0 0 t(J 20 lO •o
�·" nnw fr"f�\ v•·�sr[l!�s�·:.::Ac tc"s'
o WUA (STO COMBINED) 0
o GROSS SURFACE AREA 0 CALIBRATION FLOWS (MIN. 8 MAX.)
1981
1982
1983
... f'.•"1 ...... ,. r ,...,,, .. P�tUI'Itf 1
f ---��---� /)1 •/�7)1 1>
� •• , .... , .•• '•''"""·· p,,, .... , .••
I•••••"'
1981
6/30 7/15
CHUM
t------c==c=:J------�
7/30
/I I 1 19 8 3 I I I I, \ I \ . \ \
\ ' \ I
\ " \ I \t
"
8/15
I '•
DRAFT
" /
8/30
DATE
�
I \
I \ \
1982
\
9/15 9/30
' I -I I '•'
"
I/V•Iool4ooh of ool,.oo of au .. ;
tolol ••· of olio vlolla.
1/V I 70/209
I/V•74/287
1/V• 77/318
10/15
•
0 50 ° 0
X
(/) 40 �
w (!) 30 0:: <( I u (/) 20 5
X: w w 0:: 10 (.)
0 _..J 0 0 (!)
1981
1982
1983
• •"•6'11••·1 .... '
r / .. ''" p, It� fACt l I . ··::-� r ---�---� 1!1..,/�,, ...
,.,,,,. .. ,, ''''-""'' p''''""'•
l�o�••••nl
1981
SOCKEY E
t---------r--r-----,1-------1
DRAFT
� ,'r1982
I \
I \ I \
I \
I \
I
1/V • lncideAte ef
IOf•OA r.ll eliot/ toto I ao . of eite
•'•"•·
1/V: 49/209
1/V • 45/287
1/V: 42/318
0 0 Q 50 X
CJ) u... u 40-
UJ (!) a:
30 �
(.) (/)
0 20 �
UJ UJ
a: (.) 10 0
_J 0 (!) �--�------�r-------�------�------�--------�-------r------�--------�0 6/30 7/15 7/30 8/15 8/30 9/15 9/30 10/1�
DATE
•
•
SLOUGH 9 CHUM
26 �
H 1981
l2 .
':; ,0 0
Ill �
40
1. . ... , • ,.c 1• .. i; c
u % ! u • 10 0 10 a • ... .. • ..
..
• c :II 2
0 AUG-01 AUC-16 AUC-31 SEP'-1� s�-30
n
2• 1982
22 .
..
20 DRAFT 0
18 �
18 . ... , • �� .. ... c 12 % l u .. 10 Z5
8 10 :II ...
6 ... .. z
c :II
2
0 0
AUC-01 AUC-16 AUC:-31 SE'P-1!!. SCP-.lO
UJ
1983 ,.
22 .
.. .. j § 18 40
. 16
, ... �� ..
.. �· c 0 % .< .., .. i5 to ll ...
6 ... .. .. c •
0 0
AUC-01 oi!UC-16 AUC-31 517-1� 517-30
U"f'£� WOO[L [XTIIAI'OLA TION LIIIIT
CONT�OLLING 811£ACHtNG OISCHAIIG£
•
e
6
•
-
u 3
6
4
8
6
4
•
-3 u
w 2 (!) a::: c( %: 0 (/) 10.
o e
6
4
0
AUGUST Mean Mo n th ly Dischor9e
(USGS Gaging Station 15292000)
• = 1981
• = 1982
• =1983 •
10 zo 30 40 50 60 70 110 90 100
% OF TIME DISCHARGE EQUALLED OR EXCEEDED
DRAFT SEPTEMBER Mean Monthly Discharge
(USGS Gaging Stat ion 15292000)
• =1981
� = 1982
• =1983.
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 110 90 100
% OF TIME DISCHARGE EQUALLED OR EXCEEDED
•Pro11iaionol Ooto
� 0 100
0
w 0 80 w w I
u I
X I
ol w 60 ol 0:: o.l 0 �I
0
w 40 _J _j <t :::J 0 20-AUGUST SIDE CHANNEL
w WUA
w SEPTEMBER �
1-0 6 8 10 12 14 16 18
MAINSTEM
SIDE CHANNEL II
WUA
DRAFT
I SLOUGH 9
ol WUA
ol Ol �I
20 22 24 26 28
DISCHARGE ( cfs X 1000)
30 32 34
16
0 14 8
X 12 N -C) C) -10
8
6
4
2
100
Q: w 90 CD
� w � 80
w (/)
0 70 z <t ..... 60 (/) :::> (!)
� 50
w 40 �
.....
u.. 30
0
..... 20 z w
u
Q: 10 w Q._ 0
PERCENT CONTROLLED UNDER
NATURAL FLOW REGIM l S
SLOU GH
8A
D
( 30 Year record )
DRAFT
SLOUGH SLOUGH
9 21
CONTROLLED
BY MAINSTEM
SIDE SIDE
CHANNEL CHANNEL II 21
NOT CONTROLLED
BY MAINSTEM
...
•
INFLUENCE OF MAI NSTEM DISCHARGE
ON ACCESS TO HABITAT AREAS
IN SLOUGHS
!50,000
UJ 40,000 0 z � .... C/) 0 30,000 a:: � w z _. 20,000
w > -.... � 10,000 => � => <...> •
DRAFT
•
••
• •
• • • • •
•
• •
•
10,000 20POO 30POO 40J)OO
MAINSTEM DISCHARGE (cfs)
T '""' \�'j ., . b�� tn'o��ov"'<)·�:
I \ -· -·
--·----·
�--·--�---·--.. --·-·-·
DRA FT
I
. I
'-�/�E·f!.. C�rA� ----.. -··
. . !
. ' t
• •
'