HomeMy WebLinkAboutAPA2775ASSESSMENT OF ACCESS BY SPAVfNIMG SALMON
hart JJ, dp~~)!.! '3
sasaf3ssev pue Xoq,~& kpoofi -g
uo~qsy *S me! 1 !E
381 8 3~831nsua3 ~9%
Xq pn~rrdaid
- - r. 9 , 2;;-.*<,> P?--*h- - - .. iqrg s-cZit~ : mi:-rg a":~unsl.ine and Discharge?
4,. . _.:- r >t;s:t-ia R111sr #:, Seiettpd T~-~b~tarje~, 1981
> -
- - 5-!-521- iiicjl-s tt6ii: T~:ni?g a? Sunsit ine hnd Discharge
A Tau., ., ._ Sysitza R~ber- ond Szlscteeti Tributaries, 1983,
Sa~y~cn q\x:ic.-.A ,,-t;or: - i irn,n~ at S~insi~ine and Discharge for
Sds,t.-!a Krte- and S?!~.cted Trrbutai-ies, i883
-. -. -. bas-c.r, "."igratton ii:ning at Sunshine and Discharge for
S ,; s.rqa i7ik i.-r arid Sei2cted T~-:Slj~tat-les, 1984
. .
3 ,t-<" - ised passac3e cr-rttr-la ~l;i-t?~I:old~ Jot- SIJCC~SS~UI
2;-c-' b ~si_ic~es;fiil passdcsge ~~nditiotis of chum salmon
I- -.. . -t..-.. L,s.,: sl~3cgilr and side channels in the middle
S ,s,r?a RiXv,er
L". .1 2 5 ;.. rl .,_Ldttts , , i h - a: Ca;i*,~il Creek and Sheep Cr-eek f~t-
"~,-tii 8.a; 2;!d 0: jtCI - ~t-:)~eC_: j ritj20 ioad) 5!11;, ex~eedenc;e
*:,p*?i ;> dt~~ljaf-se
-,t?p., .* . .;-: ..p,, .,.* Creek
Page Figure
Number
A-10
A-1;
A-12
A-13
A-14
A- 15
A- Ib
A-17
A-18
A-19
A - 20
A-21
A-22
A-23
A-24
A-25
A-26
A-27
A - 28
LlST OF FIGURES CCa>rstinx_led)
Desc ription
Kashwitna Rfver
I-ocaPion Maps of Caswell Creek and Sheep Creek
Castveli Creek
Sheen Creek
Location M2p of Goose Creek
Location Map o"i~oose Greek
Gorlse C rwk k
Goose Creek B
Goose Creek C
Locatlor, f..lap of fd'~toritar.ia C reek
Montana Creek
Location Map of Rabldeux Creek
Rabideux Creek
Location Map of Sunshine Creek and Birch Creek
Sun: hine Ct-eek A
Sunshine Creek f.3
Location Map of Birch Creek and 'I-r-appet* Creek
Birch Creek
Trapper Creek
! .-, - i --~-.ti?g LF;SI!-earn at the :ni;ilth of ,4{exander Creek
i --\: *- $4. ji. ip ;:?r forel;rou-.d is Alexander Sicugh
: G I . Fhorfi f.sken 9/73/83,
"i . 5 ,; ',, 2 :- ,-" 3 .-. .. ,- at '3urtskine 23,600 cis, dischar-ge at
5-s:~r;a 51 ,<g[) cfs
. ' ,~;r~+s~,s rp- .;-c.: :, : R$;i 77.0) fio;.:~ from iriwer rl~ht trj
- ,c .- ;, ,. A- , -- . . . 7- >- ,. . r :t~ Stisitria river rnarnsteri! fjoivs fi-~rn
, . ,. i,;i"2r- :ij !.3\64i3r !e+i. 2iic[cj taken 91'1 ?j'&$,
,;.;r_i:*r~e - 21 ,Slir:shlne 23, Gf)i) cfs.
LIST OF PKOTCITS (Continued1
Page
Photo
PJ umber Description
A-9 Looking upstream at Rabideux Creek (RW 83, I). The A -3 1
Susitni.1 River mainstem flow from center rigf~t to
bottom center. Piioto taken 8/31/84, discharge at
Sunskkine 38,000 cfs.
8-30 Looking ~~ps-tl-cam with Birch Creek (RM 89.2) flowing A -33
from center r.iyl-tt to center. Photo taken 9/11/84,
discharge at Sunshine 33,600 cfs.
A-17 Looking upstream at T r apyer Creek Side Ci~annei A-41
ADFCG IFlM Study Site. Trapper Cr-eek (Rivl 91.5)
flows from center ieft to bottom center. Photo
ta!:zn 8/33/84, dischat-ge at Sunshine 38,000 cfs
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
?-his study rs one of the envir-oninentat studies pertaining Co ttae pro, osed
Susttna Hydi-oeiectric Project, Funding tvas provided by the Alaska Power
Authot-tty, and work was conducted under contr-act :: !!:?.a-Ebascs
Sus:tna 4u1nf: Venture.
Infoi-rnairdrr I-egarding tire timing of aditit salmorr migration and the use of
lob%er river- trrrbuharses by spawnrng salmon was obtained from Alaska
Depai-hent of Fish and Game SuHydro reports summarizing thefr 1984 and
1985 Adu It ,Anadt-ornous Field Studies. The rnitlal airphoto evafuatroai of
access into the trtbtstartes *as done by Carl Schoch. Field data were
ccliected by Stephen er-edthauer, Chrp Green and E~li Ashton. Debbie
Stephens assisted In data analysis and F~yu re pr-eparation. Ste~hen
t3redtRa~;er and Carl Schoch contributed anany usefui edltortal comments.
Orlando Pavaoan and Mark Corder-y drafted the f~gures and Barb Estus
typed the repurt.
- -= -,2.--.. - -GLS@C Sss.xn~ i"i>dt-gs;ectr;c Pr~ject bqiii aiter the 0awljr.a~ fis%t
--- - 7s >' :?e SLSIT-Z 3s\e!- by in-reacgns ~5tnrtr flcivs and decreasing
- -- .- i- - - :LS s - LL OLS s:~d~es &.awe evzi~ated the effecrs oF the prcpcsed
5 ,-2 ;-l-;>e-,; c- -L- .$.c 7~r~ ;S;O~~C sxabi!ity arid frsh access conditions at
.r s~ct!"~ TGL:~ 3 and stce sbushs ~vtth n the Tal?i,eetpa to Deliit Canyor~
-- ,.- -d- As..- - s Jdsbt?a ",ii/er (Rt;h-l, 1932, ir/bey, 1953; an$ Sautrrer e-t a!. ,
ro-T-.--- .-d4 _ S~~\S~ZES aa? azsessme~r +:,1 ~kle prrteenrial e-ffecrs G% the
"fT --:ei: sf, b~.i.~nst:-earr; c' ",~e Chut!t;na-Susitna-TalReetna
-- ----
a= be .V cb resat c t2. ; : *he c"nar;ge !r? 'naclis.:ater zones a?- tributary
:-:c +'I*: g(= ujE16j 5+, selyLfC --I bjjrsn as hoicing areas; 2j access by
- 2 - -- # r- .: :*- :. ?- &rat-ies, and 31 mop sjSijioi~;~c ~~abdity of the trrbutary
" -$*- - - > -, r - asssss;ner: *s Based on VLC~II&I eir~2!uat!on o; ?eriai
.-+__ - cd -___ *s, GG* L~T~SO~S ?;.=:~e?i? a~tcipatzd f~wer I"II,~E~ ~~rth-p~oject
I < -. -cec 2-e E s-,a;'s.bie i, S G 5. ~i;;-~arsifici.:~ data, nk.servations from
-- ,,i =: - e-3 jh';~ 2nd r_i:t-s&tri +;ei~ rr,easc,er*?eois m2de during a period
>, :Pz<-*zf5 *ds
2 s~sz.-,k.,~s -f-3 -ra~iir;si jic:, reg me of Csbe Iov*F,~ Susitna Rrver and
- - - - ,, crr,~s, -:SF. ix,ng ~f iipstt-eax sairnon mrgra-tior: and a geiiera!
Cr ,, -,_ , ., c;-terns i;.t"l-r;s~~ect: ~trilamfi~w MIC$P have on adwit
zC ,- - - CC - .s -'G _ i-=qr+*- I* C1 t-ii/~r "c.:S:;tar es, the avaiiakr!qty rjf holding areas
, - b 'I. .<*::r'rn Zrhre, rep-;ir,:-t, the rerins backwater
tZ4 ,": r 3 da-+a a, = 21.14 :~iet-c!?z-,~eabiy Sect4orl 3 descrtbes the
r ,,__ , -, -CZC or +$-I.. a:iaiyc;is, arid sectlc? 3 sdr-iniar,/es the resui~s ;;.i the
- s 1+1 3,- A. ;,;-cc=r-~ a iricatic,- map ar,d aer-laj photrjs of: each
-A s 5- 2 {Z - ct~bt. a 5r =1.f descrzpt!on oi adult saim07 tj~e
-.._ , :"
2.0 3VERVIEW OF EXISTING SYSTEM
2.1 Basin Overview
Sur;itna River dt ainage basin is located in the southcentral p~gi~~ of
Alaslta. It is bordered on the west and nest-t1.t by the Alaska Range, on
the east by the Copper River lowlands and the Talkeetna mountains, and
on the south by Cook inlet (Figure ?,I). The basirc covers 3n area of
19,GOO square miles and lies within two climatic zones . The upper basin
ithat poi-tion upstream of Devil Canyon) is in the cuotinenta! zone, wrth
rlte lower basin in the tr-ansitional zone. Continenkaf climate is
characterized by large dicrnai and annual temperature variations, low
precipitation, iow humidity and mear-I annual ternpera1:ures in the r-artge of
15-25" F. Transitional climate is characterized by didrnaf and annual
tem~cratur-e variations moderated by rnaritirne influences, higher
precipitation than cont~neni-a! ciimatic zones and mean annual Zerr.tperatur-es
In the. range of 25-35'F dl-iartma~~ and .johnson, 1978). The mounSainous
areas crf both climatic zones typically have higher- precipitation vair~es than
valley areas.
2.2 Fish Resources
, ish resotrr-ces of tfte Susltna River contribute significantly to the Cook
lnlet cornmer-cial salmon harvest and to sport fishing opportunities for
resider~ts of the Matanuska-Susitna Boraough and Anchcsrage [Barrett et a!,
19243. Five species of Pacific saisrlon (chinook, chum, sockeye, pink and
cabor air-e important. to the cornrraercia! arid sport fishei-ies.
The primary salrnon spawnins areas within the lower Susitna Basin appear
to be the clearwater tr~bufaries such as Willow Creek and the Deshita River
(Barreit et al, 19843. Timing of "re adult sairnon migration has i/a:*ied by
species over- the past four years, 3s indicated in Figures 2.2 through 2.5.
Typically, chinook reach Sunshine statiar* in early June, r'olfowed by
sockeye, pink, chum and coho salrrron in .Ji~ly and August. The upstream
-- --_? c- 2: 2) adcii sa!mo~ ;rppea:-s to Sf: refat-d~d by mainstel; Clov-,,s above
- ri , I* - I c, . . pi E-s at rc;inshsze <3a:-.-e~ a!. 1934 ?9$zf.
-: - \ e xit; k.acki.l;ater at eas near trrbuthi-y mouths are offen used as
-lf -- ar-ezs b;i ad~" saiwon dut-~~i~; upstiseam mfgrat~on. Pink and chrlrn -- - .n t-3-e Seen cSserv2d saabsning ir, the !c:erface red~h of some af the
c,+sP -, ., ; -r ::- ~urar:rs : Bar reti P: ai, 19551. Trib~~tar-~es ~n the !ewer
5-s 1-2 $:;ei are used ior spawning pr-irnarrly by p~nk, coho and chum
25iq-5T; iks:h SGITlt- tr!S:_i:a:-ie~ havicg runs of cktnook and sockeye
a As-is-d i, 7, Bar:-ett e; a! 1955). During 195-4 xhe gr-eatest number-s of
- ?- - -+trc sbsei-t eei 13 the t:-:Sil,~t-, mout!.is fr-srn late JU!$ tf~rougfi P JCJUS~
."_,;\z,;c r , 3art-e;: et ai, 13351.
- -
2 : aikee~na to De~:3 Capvon r-ezc$ 2-he Susitrra Rrver ;iitei..nates
~e::~~i=e~ 3 ~cfigle ct?a~?ei and spit: ch-iannei river kt ~ts ~onffwence
.aa th ;he Ck.liiii6,na Rider- ;he chan:iei pattern becc:nes exter!s~ve!y
.i. $*rlec d~e rc a r~dc L+r, tri chartre! grdtent and the rr?cr.eased
s:d,rzenr ioad from tlz Chuiftrla ?r~,er-. 4: <he U.S 5.5. Sunshrne
-- -- *L- pEr.-z-- A- - - -L +cia- ttnc --sB-oyt-., 'J: 3;r~ t~nr :iv\% ~,~ltiitb~k~~ir 31~. I:ii: Sus~ina
3 .?r -11 perLe 11, tl,e 'Ehtii *.na Ri*,er 35 percent, the TalAeetna River
< *
"$2 ces-r-er:, lirsd ?-t~o~ :i-;l~3?dr ss bllit%,een xhc three rrver confluence
_- , .‘ ~.;r -,~ee 7 ptr-z~-,: Ira:>ie 2 ;'I The Sun,hine gage (U.S.G.S.
* -, ---.,
i , 2i -, 5 ox 1; rr-l!es d~6il~rist:-~arn fr-om the three rivers
t- -" 4eass aUr 8t 5" rixe sh:nimer. the Sr-i~~fna Fi~vers average
- '5 - , . , ra~5es fi5)l-a a hish cf 19 percent ir? May t; a low of 39
:pr 1.i Js:;y 41-d ALIS~SP ( Table 2 i J.
I'-2 - f.cv,r; lr.r iQZ1 tiir-tSAgh 3994 for the Susrtra giver at
-- S,?r,s"- r;e ~ase, tl-ie Seshka Firtiel- and tsi'iliow Creek are presented
? r - -PS L I tS~c,-gIa 7 5, along :vith the titrjrng of salmon
i 4j 1 2;
, .-, / _'
:
j i;l
I $
3 .- := .-; -
z -- , rj 'A' , - , - ca .J z, ,.- 'A; 15
'Yj GI
j2
I j 1.
i 931
?,
"-- Sj
-r: , C: ^v4 - 3 -1
LC - 01
t, 5> 01
0: 2 '
.2:n 31
' .VI 4
-:?C -- ~ s88R , REF - MAY JUN : .$ti~ ~ Am , SEP CCS_1 PdOV DEG
.... ....... -. ..... - . - .... - ........
............
- - - . - - - . - - -- . - -
"$3 " ....................................................... , T--r -.--, ---.-------,- . -.--- ---- . __ ._. __- -_-- _
4 .3 *,l,k;3* CQ.="fK _ ._ _ _ ..__ _ _ . _ . _..-.I._l__-._-.-.-_l_
......................................... . .I-I. ...-. .-. ,. . . . .- --- ...... ....... .... ......................... ... ........ . - - ' . : .1... .I. --~-.----___l_____l--_I- ------I---_C_
. . *-. - ,
- -
..-. *- .-. .......................... ... . ........ .....................-.. - . -- ..... ... ........ ...... , __ -__ ' ' ... -_ .... , .__._._....._... ...-...... ....... ..... ... ................ .---.-.- - - - - * ,-, *- . . ....... , , ..,
......... .. .. ----.-I_-II__--IL__p___-III l-r---T. 28
j: FEW FJIAR ' APR ' MAY ' JeiN ' Jkrb ' A.UG ' SEP ' OGT ' NQV DEC
-r-r ;x',::: - n-c rrr*i.
- -
, - , , - ,, ;.,i?, ,"53S f iSi32, i9831 - --
- - - 5tL';;CN P~9iGEATt0ld TiPdtf~G AT
I SUNSPalPJE ARD DiSCHARGE FOR -- j - -- " -d--c~r*~-; .*JZ Z3SITNA RiVER AND SELECTED -4 -
< -.. .**". "a 1 TRfSUTA3;FS
-__ I ----- ---
, JAM , FEB MAR APR , MAY, JUN JUL I , AUG-+ sEp 0G.T , NO~~__!&C
I b 1
"
.~<um.au*w .s%irnu*rlin ~..I.~*-+ SOCKWE I / /J//D pe/ LJJJIJ hlCD clfO1l
CATCH PER UNIT EFFORT
A? SUNSHllslE FISMWHEEI,, i
KM 80
DISCHARGE DATA FROM USGS (1983, ir&,
r------- ..--* - FIGURE 2.3 - f'JF::.fit' IT -______----- SALMON NIIGPBT '1 1 INIING - ---- " --<--- "-.-" -4
FPtPilRt r IOFl.
i < ,* 1
F J -"A . - _&--:--- ----=-----,&= SUNSHiNF fi ' $5 b5h31 ,,E uA&z& a i%gAsGa
RGM GOPJSUL*mN'T&, INC. SUSiT MA li~dl* i %
................I...................... If:q ------ !-- - TRJSL .hltIEb
SOCKEYE
- - - _ - __ __ _-___---I
- - - -- -" _ - -___ _ _--- -_- r.28 -- -
"E9 MAR APR ?JAY SL"% L BUG ' S E P T---------- OGY 1"d0?%%6
.<--
I
L , AtJG
a SEP , OCf , N3V DEG
I Wadian Peak
I
I AT SUNSHINE FISHWHEEL
RM 80 1 SOURCE BARRETT, 1985
v-> *-. "* 7 .' ~k*c"'S Thil h>:t{?; r,se jr; rnarr,srerl: and tributar-y discharge in
>-- . s=;l-l-b? -.eS ;.!ts Crsm snc\v%eit in "ii-ie lower S;zs!g durir?g late April
cr ess-,) 6"-, = As srzs2.cii-eit runoff in the ICLV~P basin decreas 2s
,.-. *. .- -, - - $ate --!!:re sr.-cab--list.; rn the narnsteln ar?d clearwater
- - LL:~ - 3s dectg- ,~=s - Tkt:.j decli:~;. rs mcst pronounced in the
: Lxd:a- ES ?eca~ihs ri3e !a:-gest gerce~tage of their drainage area is at
e'el at on h- d snc ,>iir-=.;t haa sener3iiy ended by mrd-june. The
s"rrzs~~ixa c~~t*-:tt~!on fc~ the istzer Ricer. mar~stern from high
E 2, a:'oT s?cbv;reit arid yiac5e:-5 5ei;:~s rn m~d-Jcne and rncl-eases
Cd= -- - -;lXy 2nd L ~2.1s: :-,US, rr-ainsiem fiows gener-dlly tqzrna:n high
dL * 79 sQrr-cer i;icii:iis. rc ,bbtary fio~vs decirr,e after the sno~vmeit
s:~sa-i, b,t may :?cr-ezse due :o prec~p~tati~r;. 4n pxarnpie of
XI~C-L ";reti- 7.-i5l;iar-y fjr,,t decreasing :ti?:ie the tnainstem dischar-gc
r-~"r,si-s -js> cr,cur*-e2 bar-ti-3 Jdae and ;,ti,y' 1983 IF gure 2.4).
T:~? a- ,,,Fit~erice OF i;iacr-;-s on rna;nsterr, discharge is q~ik apparent
2: - d - '"e -.- tilr-: :-ti 2; s ~s.fifit~cnce. il;iacie;-s cc.ver li) percent of the
~'LZY-i ;?r-ea ~hi-iiz the Sunsiitne s:r-e.jivgao,c.. G:ar,ier infj\.rence is not
"- - ;, ';i-~*:i~' 3;:p~~t-:15ned am~jr?g fhr-ee subbastns, iloive\,,e,-. Only 5
re:-cent c,+ tr-~e dr,.rnage at-23 r:.i~:ch csnrr-jbutes the Susitna &iver
. .
_,ai-~.;, at Gc.9 Creek rs covei-ed 5y giacrers, :~;ht.reas 27 percent c:>p *, -
,- 9 ;' :r-e :*,-$~l:",ra 2;:d 7 percent of fI-1~. Tajke~fna P,iver bdsins at-e
- - 5 .., -. i c. The iar-ge conii-ibuttjor; of glaciet meit from tile
T ~.,,:~r:la Zasrn decr.ease5 tilie r-eia:r*/e irnportdnce of the rnrddie Susitna
".,.. pt- 57 .rilr?ji~~, *:rl.t- ~ai~&-;:riins~ sur-nmer baseftoiy in the lower- river.
b ",*- :i -ria River ~r;.7ir;;ii-.iit~n IQ ioi.,et- i-!;gr d:~c1ia;-5es !n~rea~es
- * - - *, , ."; 'i'iq :O ;''\, is ,A;guzi t-[set-eas rilidclie Susrtna River
- &-. . .., ,:is; .:ecre~:.rs itorn 49; lo 5% (Table 2.31, in addition i~
-& .-=, - iz f -~~:ri (:I<c es-s sr,rqri~er r-a:;istsrrns ~ves the 5usrtna basin
- . - r; ,s a s 5aSk-' : - fitne-tce c~n tile percerttage contrtburron of - -
-*J:>F2s,p> -?, +'-e :'..:cr 5~~i4er r-lver- rfi~cl~at-ge at Sur ine. By
,- < CL->- 5<- .,C.r - -
a - - .r .t:p- "m: r:;~?r-a"c!~res at hrgh .~.ievatrc~r\s cause a
decrease in the streamflow contribution from glacier meit and
increa~es the importance of fall rain stdrrns in maintaining Ouwer- river
st reamf lows.
2.3.2 Lower Susjtna River Tributaries
Trrbutaries to the Lower Susitna River generally fail within two
classifications: Susitna Basin lowland streams and streams originating
in the Faikeetna h.:,l~ntains. During basin-wide surnmer storms, the
arnol-lnt of rurroff per unit area ger:erai!y increases as the ba~irr size
decreases. Hence, smaller tributaries generally have a more rapid
and i>t-onounced response to rainstorms than rarge tributarii.s or the
rnainstem Susrtna River.
The Susitna lowlands are covered with birch and white spruce forests
on the better drained sites, and with black spruce trees and
sphagnum bogs on the poorly drained sites. The area is relatively
flat, with low hi'ils to the south and mount $ns to the west ranging tn
elevation u? to 8,C)llO feet. Lowland streams such as the Deshka
River have relatively flat channel gradients and numerous meanders.
Lowland tt-ibutary streamflows are noi influenced by glacial melt,
although snowmelt runoff caujes high strearnflows in late April to
early May. Tr-ibutary flow tyy plcally declines during the summer,
although periodic rainstorms cause short term increases in str-earnflow.
Bn general, the lakes and bogs in lowland basins retard runoff from
summer. storms, resulting in attenuated peak flows of extended
duration. Str-earnflow records for the Deshka River neat. Willow
(USGS Stat~on No. 15294100) provides an example of atreamflows for. a
iowiancj tributary IF~gur-es 2.2 through 2.5).
Watersheds in the Talkeetna Mountains generally possess alpine
vegetation abo%/e 3,000 feet elevation, with forests of birch and white
spruce on better drained sites, and black spruce trees and sphagnum
bogs on the poorly drained sites. Stream channels are r-elatlvely
~~~~7 art? JC lobsr SiP:c;sitk in tile mountarns, biit becogfie rdativeiy flat
3..d ---...A-p
ir-ti~t-~ irg as they c~~iss tire iuwtaods before enter~ng the
3,s :pa. 3-o \mi-: during \lay zai;ses h~gh spring strearnflows.
Z'd '7 T 5 s~~~lner, sir-eari;-f!o::.s respond lo rarilsior-ms whlc!~ may cause
c I% r- . d~~-arr~rr ~eak fisi~s !r, gfxnerai, rl-~biitaries which originate in
-4-> 7- aik-cerca ~~oin~~tr-~s are not Suffered by lakes and bogs to the
t;?-;e 2>."c e-;t as io~\l:,n5 t:-iS,r:aries Streamflow i-ecot-ds for Lti~llow
:: -*r -% :X , tea:- ::!llow ! ~iS"=,Stztiafi tko. 532930115! pt-outde an example of
- ? -. - = c ..+P~T~ '-4c,~i?ta:r, ;"h;eai-i-i ( i~~~ec-s 3 3 T~~F-OLACJ~ 2.5).
1? 7 L -, - ~~isc~ssior, csf 3981-1984 F~O\VS and Satmon [digrations
8-1 * . -. , -,
-LL .i
- i~8i h15h Ei,x.; it-on sr!ri*,~:melt occi_ii*;-ed in e~r-l,~~ May for
GJsilb,a gILTer azd m~~J-~~l~ji for- 't+:.i:- 17rt.d~d Cf-e?ic and the SusiZna River at
Sti;:>h:aE [Ftgut-e 2 2.'). The i?it;i? rriarnst-n f!oi+q on JIJ~~ I, 7981
I +-.' sU. -a - 3.2) is 2. e.i.anpie c~i a h,gi? iioiv event pr*obaSly cat.lsed by
:-a.i;-a!! and snc,:lin;eit, Isg~tng Sz.?i>::rd hisir fti~iws in the C)esl;ka River
%. c: I* . -Tk:;;e a::r-;i:ai prak fl~\v for- tile Susitna River at
-~-.P.s~;-I 7s CICC!, 1.e~; July 1: d,ie to i-ainfaii in ltie ioiver basin. This
- - - ,.-- .,..-I ..I; 3151, C:~USF~-i! his!~ fj:~ii;~ on the c2est~ka River arjd kJ~iiiirv Creek.
r .' i- :-, - -- -
-a+ , ,~d>eilc,~t* 1:; tile DES~ ka k;i e:- and V<iiloiv Cr-eck is maintained
-:I: - Jet? jlLiY, ~jn~j ,L~G!::JS: iY r! The peak catch at the
-. -pi 5 ,- - syt:~e fts"i\*ii:zr.i ilii~l-ii-is fY~l OI_'GU~-:-F?.~ iroiii tn;d-~i~ii/ ti: mid-Augi15.t:
";r::;*.c - - 7) dg:-:ii3 3 per-ic,d rjf i-iirji; flriik;s on Tusitna due to
.- --:s,3i :rie!i. alid siii-i:;-e - r-arnstorms. T her-e were two rain~Iorrns
4
. .,_.r_,-. I , c.ctcj=.r iviiiei-r sacsed !ligh r-tinoif from the ti.ibutaries as \veil
. ,- ;is ::?c? h~isitrta R!sct
:-si!;~er*ce of s;:iiivrric;it r-urioff is ev!dont by inid-April, 7382 in
is Csr I;t-,:h :iiil~;v Creek and t!~e Desi?i.;a River. Tributary
, hrgh !n raid-",la?; and re~iairred sr, pro!2abJy as tihe t.es1~1t of
,, re 2.3 The svowisieit high fiow for itte Susitna River
. - ?. -' .>.ircP-kbn- .. _ .,g,,, ;.orcur:-ec: di:i-ing mid-to lat. Stlrte with peak flows,
a-J.ie to raiiifaii- reiat~d htgh ~/CJWS, ~tipel-il~lpo~ed or) top of
the snowmeft base flow. Dur-ing the period of peak catches for chum,
pink, coho and second run sockeye, there were high flows in both
the lower river and the tributaries, During the fall a rainstorm
caused the highest flow event of the year for the tributaries and the
second highest flow ever-it irz, the Susitna River for the year at
Sunshine.
In 1983 silowmelt caused the Desi-rka to peak in early May, wherezls
the snowmelt high flow for Wiilsw Creek and thc Susitna River
occurt-ed in early June (Figure 2.4). Vribtjiary flows were low
during the :zet.iod of peak catches for ch~ltn, pink and second run
sockeye salmon (F~g~tre 2.4). A faill rarnstot-rn caused the annual
peak flow on Willow Greek qnd high flows in the Weshka and Susitna
Rivers.
Lowet- basin snowmelt in 1984 caused 1tii;h flows on the Deshka River
in {ate April - early hlay, in Willow Creek in mid-to late May and in
mid-June on the Susitna River. By m~d-July the majority of snowmelt.
runoff on the Willow Creek bascn #&as rinislted and surntnes rains
became the dominant cause of high flows. The ann~~al peak flow
occurred in mid-August for the Susitna and the tributaries. 'This
year. is d~fftli~ i?nt from 1981 tl~rougit 1983 in that there was no high
flow from rainfall dur~ng September or October.
7-he chinook migration occur-s dut-ir~g June. During this rnon.th
snow~nelt runoff genei-ally causes high flow in the Susitna Rive;.,
wliile trjbutar-y flow frorn sttotvtneit is decreasing. During mid-Jurre
rainfall runoff tnay caase high flows on top of the rnowrnelt baseflow
(see June 1962 as cornpar-ed lo a iow r-a~nfaii per~od, late June artd
early July, 19831. Churn, pink, coho, and second t-urt sockeye
saltnon migrate fro!g mid-Ju!), through August. Curing 1981, 1982 and
1984, rainfdll caused f~igti flows in the tributaries fi-on mid-Jufy
ti?;-ough August, July of 1983 was a drier-than-nortnal month, as
indical5c.I by the low July tributary f1cvl.s
- I - - G-ientiai EiilL tr of an Aiirred Lower River Flow Regime
7 re esfscts o? pr"c;jt?ct epetairon on tile iiov~ i-eglii~e oi' the lower
2;s ;P2 q!\ ~r- i:!ji Pe dzmpened Ly ,r>:ilJcnres of inajot- tpib!ltarles:
V? <Zh~i.ira R:+,er iR't; 98), the TajR~~~j~a Rivet- (RbvI 97) 2nd the
r ;-r - tS %kt Prsiec': ope:.stio,; rv,il gene:-al/y r-est~it In
a;> :-"el.; ;s,ai7ste?;.-r c "jch -lrsp dt!r-tr;g fail aqd wlg7ter. lower.
s:: d.5;. e"irr"ri=l the SU- -:erg SI:~ nearly e.i;:~ai flows in sp:-it?g and
3;". isti 9,;; tc~ xtt-ei-qe;y ';i;-Y years, po-ojscl fjoi9is may resulr in
i-i--t-- ~-c..- :LJI-~"-~G,*: clu-rng late surnrner and ~ai-iy fall ('able - -
I a - -
A -'.. # Ad-
+-.
--.,-."-.. .-. -- -- -.--.- -4- -- J
.- -J, rr2ivS3sCi
'3 C-T:, . . . *"
ZS GfA03.7t.?a3
C) '* ."-.a -. d? .z = 'l cr) -
2
r>a . -zt.cr*-:-H. -,,-,; BilLj~ed :-E"~uL tirips qf miC - s!.in-jrn~;i- mainsfern disc: 'appe jnay
ir!:Cfr i~~ijj s;"Iv33r1 ;r~&< 5s inirs !abter- S!isfina f?jver. trib:;taries by: 1)
.-: ,= - *- -a ..,:i~g ,a r the srre s,f bh~k.i~3tt3:' areas avaiiabie ts rrrigr.atinfi salmon
!-.a:- tesi!:-:s c,r !!sidrt?g in Ir-;bt-;:~ta;-y itrsattis, 2) deca.easlrlg tl-$e water-
< . see .* !:; hi;e ti~,t>utar-~/ rnouti~ to iev~i..:s tiirhich deny access t,c adult.
5;.i-j;:.!; arid 3) a!ter.arq the moi-;)iioi.~gc stab111ty of ihe t!*~bt~tar*y
in<rtl cii cir d5j.3171n9 side! channel, "ii?ereSy p >iert.trally irihrbitin~g access
;,-~:,: -h--, .', - +,.,b->t,J- .. ,LO;-res diir~i.:~ rz-e;-ifjrJs oi IGW trrtutat-y Fio:hi. .These
4 *
--.---:Lii~~ac -,_:>a.s ,-a ;t.p:-ij ';:A!3cijcti\r5i~y eV3jlia:.Li-j ancj 3i.e dlscussprj .ri Secfjcn
7 ern ., _;ec: i,~,k; 3-2 .-~gec~c.ci a rrcduce ti?:: size and c!rgtii of low
.E ,, ', 5+5:*;;.ati3~ .ri.-eiis in lr.i!~~ dr-ti il30~1th~ c!ti:.ir~g the surrime;..
-ii-,t.it. (22 of ic,duc-,i;rr rs difficul; I~PCE~LJSP tI4~ SIZ~
- 2- : 3 c fi t! es.2 hack, bGia:er a, *--c;>c~nd to b3th rnainstcrr; itaye
rj - -2 f, rr-*klitciry' tic,;-, vat-~es incfepisndcntiy iid: rnairtstem
<, -,-* A* ;- * a , SO - =-6, r: i~,rr?birra:ic~ns (jf ir~t,iltat-y OW itlid iindln5dL~"ni
' # j - -issy 3r,jifd,r? in arJdtircn, tile in;+gnitude ct.i mdinst~in or.
li*11i1.i' ,'i,, 4, i~111,~l ,t~ ,t'~~ i4;1I il( ,r i ,'I);'I I
\ CI~I~! s I~I:I~, o IS! ($1 I~I 1 [ **',I,, 111' !! r.!jf~ii I 1, I {ji~:, I CI:~ 0
Week 50 (Sept 51 - S?r.- 75) t!izc;-k 51 [ St?pt 16 - SOpL 22) keok T? (Scpt 72 - Sept 301
2d2U
Load -- -
s ce c>--.. .c;:lle: sxagp fl~ctuaxicjt~s depands on the shape of the charrnel
- *. - CSS-sestSoil. Fot- the san:e rricrementai C;I;IL,-~SSF? in ma~nstem
Cyz--&h--- SC. the 62~:-ease tn wa;ei suf-"ar % eievation is gcqeraiiy
- s.q-+.-,- - ?t cclnJ;ined cttannei seczlens, such 3s at the Fat ks i-41ghwa.j
Za-lege the locaticn of thc USGS Sunshine streangage), than at wrde, - t I_ a8-ed channel secrror-s, such ~s -the Delta islands. Hence the same
t-st-ras-.ntai hange BE: nairzsterl d~cci~ar-se w~li have differ-ent degrees
2-p 5 ~TIu~~cE! on barE,%vater [hijtdirtg) at-eal; tn r-~butary moukl;s,
-,-- dilt;er:drrig *ipon local rnalnsrem channel ~-mi.pt:~lugy and tributary flow.
~is"i> iij;:er Shsrtila Rt\iet., tr.ibutai.res enter- dlt.ec-t!y loto the
-rt~+i- skei~ or aqto side channels. For- thosz. tr*ibutar.f~s wt1rc1-i dir-ectl;(
--- - a - c- - else ir,ainstem Sasitsa, ~.vttZ?-pr.ojcct surr~rncr- flow ma^/ adversely
.sf:.. t .jccess eond.Z~or?s int~ "lire -fr-ib~itat-y by t-rclucing depth ctf flow
.i ;$.re x:-iS::lesr.) :rioirlh Access into it-~bntar-res ddjoinlng s~de
~'?dr:~i-is :II?~ ;I!S i Le -?(SI~ei-sel;l zffected if i*:ttls-ptojcct sumr?ler3 flows
?-a i~slifbic~~rl$, to iv~i-top the l:pstr-e,~in bet-~i-i of the side channel,
* -&,--I . , c. , c-ii:: IL !ting ::;, SI~IIIIIC,~~:~ det.icrtet-irfg of the side ctianncl
L, ;s"# eaf-+i lif the ri i:,t!tar-y inout!*.
- ;3 per sisserlce arici sti(bii~~y of tribiltiiry mauths adjornlng the
a a :~S--~(T; and >!de cnanneis depend on the magnitude and tirrriny of - * i :7: GFCJ i*'ibijy3i-\l fl~~vs artd sed~merrt load in both the ma~nstern
,+ f_i - .e e: 15utcs;-y. ACGES~ into the lower river tt-tbutaries may be
, r ,;---YE?$ '=;/ redidced si~mi~ifir rntlir:stcrn -J~sc!~aryes carrstng low veloc~ly
-p?;.- - d r.22 - rr,tii:ary nlctttis zn i~hlch stispervded sed~ment: [silt arid
;<-c; a a-s:mr:ea by ;~e rr;ciitsts-rn intgbt be deposited. It is atsa
I, 9- i3. E k,k'a: s+Cji~r)i*~rt.~, trans;ior-ted by the tr 1bu2ar.y might aygrade
r r?? r15ti";r-d motitis i":naisrstem fiows are irisufficient to
transport them downriver. However, tributary Claws could be
sufficient to scour the deposited sediment when the mainstern stage
iafer drops,
-1'5 2~:2n; 13; ~c/Jins areas rs greater tn iosv sradicnt streams as ccrnpared
- - .a s:e?- 9-32 ?:it sti-ea-QS Thei-eioi-e tile analysis concentrated on tf?e
c*f;-i~r ~":~~iti--p~-i;l~ect floiis ,,a Iotw gr-ad~et~t streams. Castveil CI-eel< and
S 7s53 C r~jk.. ti~5j-e selecteb as i-epr~sentat~ve of loiv gr-adlent strt3an-i~
-r - -iiiie 7 73. Hoidt';~ areas at ti..=- tr-tbutai-y rnouti? ar-e affected [not-e by
vrL"Ler- ri--i -cL is" ri:afi bac~v,,.,arer- at-ea Response curves of water depth to
I__-__-_I_ C1 cisciiar-cje i %\ere decelopeb for these tr~o sites usins data collected
l-1- :PPS s:~ jv, ADFcG t 1935) and pr-ofessfonal judgment. Time serles
-b _.s sf - - are- depth \,e:-seis 5rj percerlt exceedence tveeLly natural and
, - t- . ,-~.ji=;x ,. ;ia,ts For Case E-'dl (20211 !cad) $vet-e made to ~dent~fy he
-,
L?~;*P- 2- iSi70~lje in ~\atei. depth caused by , r.ojec+ floivs. Trrbutary flews
9=_.,;.. *?g dd~~r!g the fa!! of 1981. hen the dat- was obtarned were below
* * Z" 2 ze- _> - -'e~<e +Il,c r\laii:atron ,+iil overestlmat? the deer-ease in waher
::= -\; . : -$ct? &>~jf'j p~i'if:aj:~f O>C.UT.
-I; , ,, + i- ,_, CF irsi; to pass thr--icig!l a given stt-ear3 reach 1s prrmat-~ly a
3 ;be spzcies of fish an3 life srage being cor-tsidet-ed,
= * ,- -e,-r+, stresses tile its? are exposed to d~li-rng m~g;-airon, water
:-;., +--3 .;i;citv ~n thc passage reach, length of the passage reach and
- ec c+ i.est*ng areas Passage crtter-la most often cuns;der-ed are
, .s zc-z. :"I, itztet- kelocit) E? 4 passage reach length (Sautner et al.,
--- y2 _ ; : 3 for adult c~*J~T! ~S.~~TIOT~ ifrgu;e 3 1) which describe passdge
- a it?ric:irzn of depth and reach length haqe been devefoped by
5 -I& dri (Bla%e;;i et ai., ?983]. These criteria of churn salmon
i3ushs 04 the middle Susttna Rivet- are based on freld
tiire, re\ tew a74 pr-ofessional judgement.
3 3 .:.
.?
,; :+ LC
'i-t .z
-5 >: <:
", r 'i 1- 84
[: rr> :-2
+g: +-
Sr L; -: *, "I-
6, -5-
n.
4 - c: -t r r
E9E
15 ;-. --
f-< ,-' z/-. ."" '. "I* r:
, '..- 0:
rpj 5; ? O"
.A Ci 5 >f,G * - I-'
--J p> $ r-
'ci \,.-a "2
C.. I.:: .bi
- 5 > ;;
*I,, st .z ; *
f( ":."
5,e- .
'? ." 9 I>
- 2' 4
2
U' q '!!!> 2
7-4 .A ..J J a: (3 -+- rz 5 6-3 . 2 - m
?
I ASLE 3.7. LOWER SXBSlTNA RIVER TRIBUTARIES EVALUATED
DURtNG 1984
A~ \ 3 > -, c, :- s- .-. L reek
qc?. i-" - ->,:--;a R:ver
C s-ee fc
iritle \4;:ij3hi Cr-eek
b,asi:p9 itna 2jVsr
Casv<ski Creek
Sheep Creek
6;;~se C:-eek
"i"-.-i- . .+_. . . . c3 n a C reek
Fs.ai;rdec x Creek
5:;rshir;e Creek
" c"Cr-eek
i ..-I c ;_I- -: # <>F'*,- < g re&
Gradient of
River Mile Stream is Relaf~vety
Low
Low
Steep
Steep
Steep
LOW
Low
S keep
Steep
Low
Low
Low
Low
li-;.,i,sb3 r_r lcei-:a s?Iecte~ 51- et a!uattng access by adui~ salmon Into lovdcr
,e- tr- z-"a;-,es are thcse pub!ished by Thompson (1972) and applied by
- 1323: tc rt.ibiitaries of the middle Sus~tna River (Table 3.2).
. .,-.FC ,,,- - L; cr-iieri2 ?vet-e seiectec? over ih~: AUFirC c;-:terra because it rs
F A*S ~~61-e co;~ceri~a;ive (8-equtres greater depth) than the ADFcG
L- :.-$ is &n-i SE-cause it. can be qppi~ed ivithout redch !ength measurements.
Sc:%> +'-Es~ ~frn~ideratlon~ suere prefer-red for thrs ~\ialuatron of access lrrto
- % - rig._;- tr,5i~taries as ,ess field data ;%auld be required and
----,- erzt a^jn ci the iirnited data base would be conservative. If passage
r- - - <. - 5-5 .,"=.re ceter-rn~r-,ed ;.c, be marginal u<!r;g Thompson's 0.6 ft depth
- tL?eri strccessfg~i passzge ir~rjiild I!ke!y be deterrn~rtod were
id ri.;easuren-ents ohtaairied and the ADFCG criterra appl!c.d.
'The procedures used for evaluating tributary access in the lower Susitna
F?iver included an initial review of aerial photography to identify potentia.!
passage conditions at the tributary mouth, followed by field reconnaissance
to check the results of the airphoto assessment and to obtain
representative depth measurernents in the shal/owest portions 04 the
channel durrng low flow conditions.
TABLE 3.2, EZEPTEE AND VELOCITY CRITERIA FOR SUCCESSFUL. UPSTREAM
MIGRATION OF ADULT SALMON [FROM -bH0MPS8N, 1972)
Fish
Species
Chrnook salmon
Coho salnlon
Chum salmon
pin^ salmon
Sockeye salrnon
Minimum
Depth
eft,
Maximum
Velocity
(~Ps)
The lowest with-project average weekly flows estimated for the period June
3 t., September 22 is 26,700 cfs at Sunshine (2020 load) (Harza-Ebasco,
1984). 4ersiai photogr3phy obtained September i6, 7953 at a mainstem
discharge of 31,100 cfs as reported at Sunshine was selected for- the initial
airphoto dssessn'i~nt ancl as the pl-~oto base for this report. These
photographs shovq passage conditio~s at trrbutary mouths which generally
will be woderated by w~til-project rnainstem flows in excess of 21,100 cfs,
by mid-summer tr~butary flows increased by rainstorm runoff events, or a
con?hinatjon of tile ti.in. Vhn p!.:otc~, ::,ere ~xsmined fcr ~~iid bars OF
shatlow riffle areas that might block the continuous flow of water from
tributary moutlls through adjoining side channels leading to the mainstem,
Tributaries wrdl potential access problerns were identified for follow-up
aerial r-econnaissance ancl on-site field measureme~lts at a rnainstem
dischat-ge near 21,000 cfs.
-, -33 e recofinztssance was cond~cted on Septe~bel- 13, 16, 19 and 27,
- 1- - '-.I--~ a pericd of !ow maii~skem and rributary flow (Sunshine disctlarge
-arsez i~~r*i 18 300 to 22,rObl. Therefore, the s~te-specific depth
-+e?szr ?F-Z-?PS >-epresenti antiif-ipatec! worst case pascdge cond~tions for Case
E - * { s; .-.l.-ri- "
L,=bk 'tioias.
3 2 Tributary Ft.lot3th Stability
c 3td - .--+-,- a rL-rinaissance of tr~buta:-~i r70uths pi'ov~ded a bas~s foi. estimating
: -ei r- ar~sent rnarphofogic s:aSrlity and the extent which w~th -project flows
c gvt zfL~ci. :her!- present csndrtton. EQ addition, aer~al photoyt-aphs of
1. 2 i,-i'L . . ,,:ath rn~uths, ~bralned on ~uI9 3, 1951, at various dates during
7- jhs;b :33, on iiugust 24, 7980 and on September 16, 1933, %ere
~-s-;r?el ro deter-rnrne ishat* tf a2y, changes occurred dutvng the 1951 to
i:33 ~e*-~zd -'he s:ab;lrry of trtL~ltary ~no'itt~s W~!CII exh:brxed nc change
;r-cn 19;- to 1983 rs consrderec goc;d, the sta5tlttjt of those which exhibiled
- - -- a- i-- zhc -5s rs consider-ed fa:~ arid the stabrl~ty of those which changed
1::ar;:iy sinre 1951 is constbe:-eb poor
ILe srzb !!tyaf 2: ti-nbutary modti: at :\tth-pr~je~t flows ~vas evafuated by
:~~s Serszg the s4ieci: of reduced mainstslr disr;hai.g& on the norphology of
* .- - irrsv5- rile poterttiai frjr aggr~datroii tvitkin the tr-~butary near the
s-ci ;he possii>,lrty of p~rchtrig to occ~r. 7 rrbutarres were
:, _i "i;"-~<> :o deferirt~ce I' the reduction in rnarr,stern flows would lower the
- -5.2~ ,*~aker- surface eleiiitton hetow the trrbutary n?otrth. For the
- >3se -f i,sn access, channet stai,llity IS defined as the persistence of
- , c:h 3~:n riiiio over time. This is a functron of the ti-ibutary flow,
5 2.; aei 3'-"6 -nt and local bed material.
4-0 RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS
4.4 General
'-, -.
Thirteen tributaries to the lower Sclsitna River were evaluated. Site
specific assessments are qresented in Exhibit A, These ~nclude obliqr~e
and vertical air photos of the tributary mouth at low flow and an air photo
mosaic showing chan~ei morphology of the confluence area.
Based on the evaluations provided in Exhibit: A, it can be concluded that
passage for adult salrnon is not presently restricted at any of the locations
evaluated, and is unlikely to become a problem for witit-project flows
sfmilar to Case E-VI. These findings are summarized in Table 4.1 and
discussed in the fotlowing subsections by topic.
4. HaSdEr~g Areas
Project effects on the extent of backwater. at-eas will vary depending on
the season, preciprbtion, the ct~annel gradient and location of the
tr~buta-y mouth (in a side channel or the mainstern). The mainstem
cllannel cross-section geornett-y will determine the amount the mainstem
stage dt-ops for a spec~f~ed decrease in flow. For example, the lowest
inedian average weekly flow at Sunsirlne during the four week period June
3 to June 30 drops from 54,500 cfs under natural conditions to 37,000 cfs
under with-project conditions (2020 load) ( Hat-za-Ebasco, 1984). This
change in strcamfiow causes a decrease in stage of 1.7 feet at the USGS
Sunshine gage, whereas at Willow Creek (RM 49.13 and Caswell Creek (RM
64.0) the decrease in channel stage for the sarne decrease in flow are 0.7
and '; -3 fzzt, :-cspc--t;ive!y. At 27 ,?f)() cfs .-*:"L. lo‘^ ".-'I-.."---, "1- WiL11 ~r ~~urdr y I IVWS, the
upstr-earn extent of backwater is slight or nonexistent at each study site
except the Deshka River..
The reduction in surface area backwater zones is primarily due to a
reduction 4n the length that the backwater extends up the tributary. Due
- -
I AELE 3.1. SklFaiFadARY OF POPE MTiAL EFFECTS ON WITH-PROJECT
FLG v'S 0P-4 TRIBIJTAWiES OF THE LOWER SUSITNA RIVER
Effects of With-Proiect F\ovds On --- -------------
F~sh Access
Into 'Frrbutarrts On Back-
Summary cii
Adhlt Salmor,
Usa~e 0.i Stream Inter-
face Reach 1913415)
faz2age SSa\!-ing
Passage Condrt~ons gear
Tribiatary_Mou:h -- -- --- --"
\96--- . Discharge at
De$h LfA) p~sz,!n__e (cfsj
Tt-rb.ittarl - . "a%ou:h -- an B.e?:-~ng
Side Discharge ax
CI-a~nel %lajnsten~ S~nsh!~eJcii~
'i - - -
X - - -
k. <13,900
3. 52,0(10
at 21,100 cfs (2) water Areas 631 -- - - ----- Ivlorphologic Stabrlity
Pcsstbie No Moderate Slight of Tribuia-ry Mouth LA)-
Problem ---- Problem Chanpe- gh?~~ Present With-Project
River
iirle -.
Net Surveyed X X Good Good
X X Fair Fair
Y X Good Good
X X Good Good
X X Fair Fair
X Fa~r Fair/Good
rC X Good Good
X Fair Fair/Good
X Poor Poor/Fair
X X Fair Good
X X Good Good
X X Fair Far r/Good
Ck S P Ctr --
X Fa~r Fair
: The ,nier'ace reacn $3 irrst ihtrd m,le from mouth up the trrbutary
Source 3arretr, st ai 3985 Ck = ctltnook, S = sockeye, P = p~nk,
Ci; - ch rn, and C3 = cob0
I ? 'am - There is the potential for access problems depertding on
low. rrnSu:-;.r.j flovis, c"etjr~s jams or channel changes
"(0 PrcSiem - %o prcSIem -:th aczess cvrrentiy exists.
3 '2cderdre Cnnnge - ine extent o+ S~rkwater area could be moderatcly
redircc-c by .%it!--project fci~s $iirrng June and July
5itspgt ib,a-tge - The exlent of backwater area colild be sl:gl>tly reduced by
,v.rr:r,-pr~j~ct 'foss during June and July
4 Goo? - %c cha~ge in tributary mouth rncrphology since l95i
Fdir - So-e zhange :n tr15utacy mouth :ncrpho!ugy since 1957
- rno. - Lnar?se $7 trtSu:b! y mouth rnorpheiogy from 1951 to present:
I---- ---
CASWELL CREEK
(400 2it UPSTREAM FROM MQPJTHI
4-- r".,-.p..,-.=.-
-Y =<--er i/l~i~siejn stage, he in~erface between tr-iblitary flow and
*z3c: %*#-+- W-c-e- +=rY oor,cl,r iurther Jo\.~nstrearn in the tributary than it presentfy
L, CS
- . P-s ~ficztrireiy Increases :he ieng~h of trlbtilary habitat and
f-3ci?~~s r_hz iel~th ~fbbacki%ater.
-u - ..( .. - " eld reconnarssance tn 7954 rt was observed for low g-adient
s:"'~is~s ~cjl as Cas~.ieij Creek that the "Lrlbuiary streambanks near the
xq- 5i-car-\ ~o~th. are gecz-rally steep and the channel relatively deep.
tbercc -,o,-e ~ke reductror rn rmainci-ern stage at rrrbutary mo~~tks is not
Fi2ecZEo ro ~gg-~ri,cantty change the top wid", or sui-face area of holding
- -.- -- : cd3 6- ~r.Stltarj. mouths. The major- effect sf ivtth-pro~ect flows on these
-2 rJ r; ;-reas *.:~li be their depth.
7- "-e est rated decrease Ira water depth 50:- the hold~ng zrea at the mouth of
2- \e5 Creek measured app-oxirnatsfy 400 feet upstream from the mouth
A :udr-.r *...- r'~i_~i;dl co i:'!Sh-3:.0ject (2020 ioadj tloh%s is ft-om 5.7 feet to 4.5 feet
:"+s !ass .t=i.e;.. In Jiir:e (Figure 3.11. f)lt:.tny the last week in August the
;C- --, "n^.-P.fi . &crease rs from 4.i feet to 3.5 feet [Figure 3.1). For the
r- ,_ ,- 5"vg 2rea at 511eep Creek. appr-oxirnately 1000 feet upstr-eam from the
- rhs estimated decrease in water depth is irsm 5.4 feet to 4.8 feet
..t - I--+ dSL .~zzii in Jjj~e cF:gcre 4 1). Cruriny tile last week ~rs A~~gust the
FL: -,T~c decrease is from 3.8 feet to 3.2 feet (F~gure 3.11.
=,zed 6: a comparison ~4~1th depth crrteria for spawoirlg ch~nook and coho
- v 34 -,,- , - czvempec! for tributary streaws in the rnrddie Sus~tna River (Estes
c , '3%) it does not appear that one foot reduction at these
1;: $5 _* ,--:, r-~tr",hs wsgld adversety affect the:r ~"t~l~ty as holding areas.
, - li - r,Sutary Access
*-^ p- - . ,A2 -%icy# ve;3c~-l/es rclizv~ Seen reported to impede or block the
- C-~;-Z-? zt:~t-a::cn of spaiv? ns salmon rn oti-er srreams, fizld observations _,/- -
,. ,' - 2- r z-ci? r_3aditrrJn~ at several tower rrver trib~taries indrcate that it is
,- -e :* :s*- v9;:jrity ha**r!er-s to exist (Exhrbit A). Thus the ease with
SHEEP CREEK
(4000 ft UPSTREAM FROM MOUTH)
JWNE-!_-?LL-L-AuGUST 1 s EP~ 1 ,
i .+, .~
$3' j{*-)iJ[:~ ; ,;;;52; g:;yj:<.; ;;j [;P3~:,Tz
ps-7 - ,7 '
t. . . < 1:,71 . . ;<;:r ~:l;i:~< :< -3- ,;< : ]{q2T, lj%fiT, ,q.D kjy~:~-pJ?7,T~(;y
I fJ -: ),33 ,,j 'z-2.9z: 1,;E :FLp:JLyf ~~~~j~\fl(~< kr2.,Q
.\'!,'>:!:,A, , '07-l, j 3%) , j [ ;T&'l:-lJ j:j 'I'x:li;] ; lyr 8 biii. ?-"jCJ>iTsF2 or .iiri ---
d.tcrfirrr, *, - -- -- PREPARED FOR
WRM CUGSUL~YE~IN@.- FIGURE 4.1 [$&@~~~=@~~~(lj$@
, ,*..*. il.V.'lll.l. --L..I."Y ..I *.-*.. Y.. - fii'^r& ,>lair *i+ "JTLilL
-----
#I.4'ln Pal k
R. . carcn
IjQ~~cdrvi$!!,* 9fU,Cunu 7i.a
!-l f- - =+l.i~.t~t~~ .- - t ,) -, saimon can enter io:te~ river trtbutarjes 8s sofey a function
-4. *^lbia
' - {a-2 ch~nne>ftaSi!g.-,~t,,)~
3423~~" -ss-: and Treippet- Zt-eek b\er.e ci~e c.;riv rrrbrJtat-ies kvrth mfnirnurn
,";1*- ;j;*pt-~ st 0- jeS3\% -:- I 8isrr;asm c crttei-ra at 21, i0O cfs [Table 4. 1).
zLth ,. -a ---- -".--r.s flic?.~ ,%To siclil ciiannels pi-tot- to reazf~lng the mainstein. kt
-- -
-" :%J CTS r3e b;.*-rrs ai the liead e+ :he side channels are unbr-eached.
i;~:er 2e~:hs ZG rite stde c5a-neis a;-2 the!-ef01-2 depenc'enr on trtbritaal-y
- :>vs -, :*s i;sar? 2.6 the Sox- Cree; 512~. channel breaches at
a;i31:-; Ip -lay-!\ 22, ](:$j ,:fS, Dc: ng project ~peratian (7~30 load) tI31s
Z<Z--?-~P 6 s2xcesded ;oil ;>ei-r-eqt of the rme fr-om %lay 13ti.i t~
\=- 1, d.er7;2 - - 3 It* (Fls;il-e 1 3 S-ic~d on frs'd c.~'iet-\atlor~ the I~I~IITIUIII
a ,c-- .c=*. ,,-i,~c_ $t Ti\= SIA~ cI-z~I?z! :r,L-19p brpa~'i-2~ , ,{I i?xceed i) 2 feet
. >
. a"=,- - >r:y ;?:e xr~~utarj ~~outh at *.lor,tarta Creek IS mor*pholcfi;~ca!ly
-.-.-*
,r ivrj. 3 5 rce ,133, the s~de channel cr_irrrpi-x ripstl-earn of hiontana Creek
-2 - ~-Z-=ZSC >~1 C_ EE alb b=.ca:ne mcr-e stable. The creek mouth corbt~nues
sv i: ocarf3n fi-orn !ear to ,ear. The genera! effect of w~th-project
* r,, s .;- $1 5e to reduce the frequency of the mainstern channel forming
,-s t-c:.--s, s"9htiy rnc.-Easlrs the etdbility of the side c,i>anr?el c.clnpiex
- - -:eP t-K*>trj c i -"" ---
. - - I-&-- - - ,, - - def;us."ifi $\ rhtn relati;*ely ioiv sradient lo;viand streams presently
- . *i.= - k&c?~iz~of- are3 ~r,=ithin tile trtjutary mouth. Dur-rng prcject
,,- c- ;-I, :, *h ---3d:>tzrl! bac%vvc;ter areas, depr~s;trm WI~! occur closer to
CATCiI PER UNIT EFFORT
AT SUNSLII:JE FiSHLVHEEL,
RNI 90
SOUhCE BPPRETT et ol, 1984 B 95
AVERAGE OF 19Fj - 84 DATA
i SOCKEYE I
I I MAY r JWNE , JULY \AUGUST SEPS 1
! -- I
i IT:.. r . , <--
I
i 2r?EPhRED FOR
f.""; -x-LI~!? Stnce tr8bbsi"iar-y fiaw w;ll not be affected by project operation
a areserr tsebutary sediment xransport capacity yvi jll remain unaffected.
-
g I - I;. - r..=z -*ore :i?e aireunt of degosiircn IS riot expected to change substantially
jzca - se ,s";>r-o~ecr operat*on.
- ; ;',Q "-fs a4e:tii-i icvi ;t*-t5uta:-qr flows, ai4 of the tributaries had a
--- * -- *. T~,C,S hater co.ir.se w,rh aa steep rjifie secttons from the tributary to
rf-s -ra,r s'ems;'stde ci-ianrrei. T5:s 9ridicaies ti-rat no pe:-ch~ng of trrb~trlaries
bst,-, 2 CCEL~ due to pt-o,ect cperaiisn.
6.0 REFERENCES
ABFGG. 5985, Resident and Juvenile Anad romous Fish Investigations (May
- October 1984) Susitna Hydro Aquatic Studies Report Series No. 7.
Bat-rett, B.M., F.M. Thompson, and S.M. Wick. 1984. Adult Anadrornous
Fish investigations, May-October 1983. Susitna I-4ydro Aquatic
Studies Report Series. No. 1. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
Anchorage, Alaska.
, 7985. Adult Anadrornous Fish Investigations, May-October, 1984.
Susitna kiydro Aquatic studies Kepor !Series. No. 1. Alaska Depart-
rnent of Fish aid game. Anchorage, Alaska.
Et-edthauer., S. and B. Drage, 1982. River- morphology. RIM Consul-
tar;ts, lnc. Report for Alaska Power Authority, Susitna Hydroelectric
Project. Anchorage, Aias ka.
Blakely, J.S., J.S. Sautner-, L.A. Rundquist and N.E. Bradley. 1985
Salmon Passage Validation Studies. Addendum to Alaska Department
of Fish and Game Report No. 3, Chapter 6. Alaska Department of
Fisls and Game and Entrix, Ine. Anchorage, Alaska.
Estes, C.C. and D.S. Lang. 1984. Habitat Suitzbility Criteria for
Chinook, Coho, and Pink Salrnon Spawning in Tributaries of the
Middle Susitna River. Alaska Department of Fish and Game Report
No. 3 Chapter 9. Anchor-age, Alaska.
Har-za-Ebasco. 1983. Weekly fioiv duration car-ves and observed and fiBIed
weekly flows for the Susitna River Basin. Anchorage, Alaska.
, 1985. Flood Frequency Analysis for Natural and With-Project
Conditions. Report for Aiaska Power Authority, Susitna Hydmelectric
Project, Anchorage, Alaska,
c c-=~= CCP?SG~~ZKS, inc. g582. Trrbutary Stabrlrty Anatysis. Anchorage,
A:asf.;a,
Sa-~,ns-, i S., L.J. k'gnlng, and L.A. Rundqt~ist. 1984 An Evaluation oi
"assage forid:irions for Aduix Salmon :n Sloughs and Side Channels o<
;he '*Itdd!e 5~us~xna Rt\e-. Susitaa hydro Aquatic Studies Report
Serres No. 3 i *-apter 6. Ai~ska De~artrsent of F~sh and Game.
A?chorage, 413sLa
7 nc:;.pstn &. 1972. Dete:-rn:n:ng streamiicws for fish life. In Proceed-
iii,-s, Instr-eal:; i'io.,.: Requit-erne~i t4;srL.shop Pac!f~c Northwest River
a--
LjCi>i~ Cc), ;IT:~SSIO~. t/apiccStl~, er, Itiashir~gton p- 31-50.
-
I re E . i9.53 ?f-eiirrpinslry ,Lzssessn-snt of 4ccess by Spawning
",s;ii;cn t~to Fcirtsgs Creek and lndrarr River. Prepared for Alaska
Oswzs A~thcr-rr~ Aias4a Depar-tmenr of Commerce and Econornic
3tveiop:neat, r4r,chorage, Aizska.
!, S Garjiostcai Sur~fley. 1982. i.:'a~er 2esoiit-ces Data for Alaska, Water
3ata Rept. AK-21-1, Ai.nchor-;ige, A!aska.
t, S Se~iogicai Sui-iey. 1983. it'atei- Resources Data for Aiaska, Water.
Gaia 9ept. AK-Z2-1, knch~t.aye, A!aska.
S Geoioyical Szr\~e-v'. 193. hater Resources 3ata for Alaska, Water
Zara 2ept. AK-23-9, $.r~chor-age, Alaska.
EXHI BIT A EVALUATION 06 SELECTED LOWER SUSBTNA
RIVER TRIBUTARIES
The foiiowing are descriptions of the t3ydrology and rase by saCrnon of
selected !criv,%rer Susitr~a River tributaries. Ghes;-. descriptions are based an
i~itial aeria! photo eval~~atiorm sf access field data collected to confir-m the
evaluation, and analysis of the potential effect sf with-project flows on
backwater areas, tributary access and rnorpt~olvgic stability of the
trlbctary mossth, The dish utilization of the tributary mouths for spawning
or passage is fr-am fX~pendix 7 - r"ac~icaliP Salrncn Lower Susitna River
Spawning Surveys, '! by 'het~esga~e and Seagren I Bat-sett, et al . 1985) .
Deqths reported for tributaries are passage depths where cl-oss-sections
iver-e measured and maia~.li~$r;i~ deptla whet-e only spot n-ieasurements were
made. Passage depth IS the average 0.4 the mean depth aiad the maximum
depth (Sautner, et af., 3934). Aerial photogt-aphs (at If' = 500') or' each
study site are provided for a $tow at Sunshine of 21,100 ~fs except for
Casovelf arrd Sheep &:I-eeks, svher-e ttae lowest flow at which aerial
photography is available is at 59,1630 cfs. The tributaries are given in
ikpstl-earn order. i r-ibu"Ear.y locations are marked on the lower Susiina
kivcr ael-iai mosaics (at ^8"=2(100') shoiving the channel morphology of the
confluence area.
- sv-.-fl-p ,- a - c -c -1-2ec; IF~giar-2 A-l artd A-2) originates in the Susitna lowlands
sr2 ; ~t" S 53uri1ea~: t~ the Susttrla Rr.iei.. The c:-eek 1s a popular fishing
s:-?ar 5 :.>~igh <IS!? use OF A:er,aqder Ct-eek is not repr,rted in Apper~dix 7
3 r*'?"-- " L-1. e: 31. "$55). Year-round residertts live just upstrearn from the
:J-~"~-E'ss rhe Sus!trra River {Photo A-2). The flow regirile is sif-nilar
- - > "-h? -J2CE?L,;i - -- KIL~~ ffisures 2.2 through 2.53, except that flow from
k4 =-y;--,3e - Lake siiil result In a i-rtgher baseflow during dr-y sumrn~rs and
(:--t;s L~-2
- - _ nirtsr 1 he waxer- depth at 21,lOO cfs [at Sunshjnel is in
e~c2ss 5' G 5 feet from Cook Inlet up rhe west channel to Alexander
e b
r B~~~ ?c,;ert:ai ftsh access rs up this SIC^^ channel or up the east
-" _ :,- nS , ,; and tr;i-ough a sio~igh IRM 6) "c the west channel. The ;low
-r-tSL"_an ir9m the Ventna Rrver wiii buffer the affect of with-project
I- *,s cn 1i.e Gncroh~ic;gtc stabiiity 0.5 the tributat-y mouth and fish access
7 c sc "a z ~~"hatai-~ There are no wr'rh -project flov~ related changes
2- -rl-"z.r"
i >a_. -u
PHOTO A-1
Looking upstream at the mouth of Alexander Creek IRM 9.1). In the
fol-eground is Alexander Slough flowing fr-om right to left. Photo taken
9/11/84 discharge at Sunshrne 23,600 cfs, discharge at Susitna Sration
51,400 cfs.
-. -- - is- ;"P~~VQGRA~~HY: SEPTEMBER is, fs~a , - BISCblARQE AT 3UMSWINE: 23,100 cfs
* - - - .----- --- - -- -11__- -=.. 3 gv GITaltklr" A- i PREPWREO FOR:
r ..btv..ll rl , LOCA.TION OF ALEXAlgDEW CREEK
3
^- XI IX I -^ ----="--- P* -
p>:r,,,s,E> a?' -
FIGURE A-2 PREPARED FOR: -- DATE Of PH660G2APPOY: SEPT, Seth, 9389
. - - - _ ___ _--___-- - --- - - SCALE: f "- 600'
7 ;:, . < ,~~~~~Si-ii-~~\i:~ PS, amc. ALEXANDER CREEK MARZAD EBA~CGO
rr- :die=* .$*OFiQ"Ciir "-e nL,G,@l"UI
DkSCMARGE at SUNSPINE: 2 9, l Of clo L;LJ1ji Tr4A ItjlN+I VL rc'l rift!
-i-
Th2 --- - ->IPs?~c. 41~2r C~I-ISIP~~~S en the Sus:inc? lot5lands an6 flows soutileast to
** -
i:.: .;%ttna Rrv-?r (Figure A-3). Cfi~nook, sockeye, pink, ch:lm and coho
a""?" ssgsirv In the u~sirearn habitats. Aftet- the Yentna River, the
(- - 2 -- 1. 3 Zj3. st- ~mtliif second largest tr.lbutat*j/ belov: 1-alkeetna. S~nce
\-.- st.- 19-3 I-e tSGS has marntained a contincaous I-ecotding ciischarge
3 2-3s"- T 5 m:ies c12sti-eart7 on the C?shka R~ver frorn rts coniluenct with
t*? S>irsc- 3 9:vei. (figtires 3.2 throu5h 2 3). There rS sufflc~ent depth to
r;.. f 5- access a+ 21,1i50 cfs. t3f;cl,wi\idter extended apprcxrrnateiy G,f'i(fCi
:EX ~;str-?z:;i ft-OT: ;be coriifcisnce while the rnalnstern ciiscilarge was '?? GOO
C-S ad .,or 4 IFtc;er-e A-3) has actively rncrcssed in size since 191,
- *?*; r-ecent'y tt has stc. .ted erodtng.
. -5 t>r-2:, c*, flo\rs ~:iit?! d~rr-psse the size of the backwater zone. Tke
- - p1 s zs, i?ot$eiter-, deyerrds on many faclnr.; pi-irnat rly marnslcrn
,;;-: *'I""
L3 ~acji~~r~cdc of rr-iburat-y fiow irnd the dect.cased backwater area
L - 3j: ..:ic.ct al;cesi: The trr'3iiiar-y rnouttl rnay beco~re more stable
: ,+usc ir it-i,,.~i-"ly /owe(- peak n~atns:am ilcj~is. ?lie e~.usrnn rate nVslarrd
-., ,/ 6-.<,
Looking trpstream at the rnotith of the Destll:a River fRWl 40.6). The
SusiLna River mainstem flows from right to left in tlie foregroutid, Pt~oto
taken 8/31/84, discharge at Sunshine 38,flCfU cCs.
2
LOWER SUSBTNA RIVER
- -" - c "1 "-CTOaRAPY"S: 5EPTEbfBER 'I@, 5983 DI8CHARaE AT BUINSW1NE: 21,900 c9@ _ - --" ___i----- --- -
,.>I--- - -- - -. 8.f FIiQURE A-8 PREPARED FOR:
- -- -- -
-- - - - -
kOCATlON OF DESWKA RIVER
-- %,P ,--< - ;- . +,c, l~S~LTPPFJjTSI IDVC.
MARZAQ EBASC@
+ ^ z-G c.'S 5Tt UIC?O.OD IIm 5-RlOli-rSZ-9
';lf$l 1 N~G JfllNI VI rJ1 Ujif
* --a- --As--- !- --
'- 1 0 f 5 9 Y FIGURE A-4 PREPARED FQR: - - DATE QF PHOTOGRAPHY: SEPT. 14th, $983
- -- - _ -- - - -- --- - SCALE: 5"= 5o01 DESHKA R HARZAa EBASGa
I r , LTC>;GBULTAikJTS, 1WC.
, -73. >J *,a "ral?-CS a-S Bd"*FiO*a
DlSCHARCE at f UNSHINE: :: 1,16O cfa SLJSI I Nil 1iIlNT VI Nl tfilf
- -------- -- .* - .-- -
1 3 -= Crof)* originares ~n the TaIkeetna f;lountains and flows w~st t:lt.ough
-- S_IS'T'~~ JO\~~;~QCST t.3 the Susltna River. (Flgt~re ,A,-5). Pink, and c17um
c --"SCs **dsB-e ~bse:-ved spawnrng in the trtbutary just upstream of the
- -,-t i ;. -x tti~i~si*~ Cr-eel; in 1934 (Barf-ett tet al, 1955j. Ct~inook, sockeye,
a YX, c it:?; ar2d coho salmon spawn IQ the upstt-earn trab~tat~. Since .June
-3 --
G A,~. i:;e L1S35 has natntaalncd a contfnuous I-ecot-ding drstt~arge station on
iiiz.4 Z :-eek. aspt-oxtmately 15 rnsle.: :ipstt-earn f r-orn its confluence tvrth the
Sdstrna 2i~er (FICJU:.F"S 2.2 thr~ugh 2 5). The confluence of two of the
2r-i>,:bs oV,;6. 11~~ Crt3ek 'rsl&h tl's side cl~;tnrtel are showrr or1 Photo A-3,
ti .2iPS -r (:-?pt;;s ar 31,lRO cis sr-e suffic:c-nt to allow passage fl-om the
r 51 -szwn rn:s \ti:ioiv Cree::. AT a 6iti:v of 17,81>0 cfs, ti,? Fdssage Jcpth
2 3 *:pet arld 7 9 feet at cross-sections A and B, r-espectively (Fryure
e - --
-I I hi-7~2 CIOSS-S*=IC~~~~TIS arc :-t or- rieclt- the shalfowest depth tn the
i -.zr," '!-e mean veiiicjty was 2 -1 per' second for an aver-age depth of 2.8
"e* 21 A ar3 3 0 ips i2r the rnaxlrnltrn deptlt nf 2.2 feet at 13. TI-re
c ~,si-~:c r-sngad from sdrid t~ sandy gr-aye! at both A and B. The mouth
-, "_ce-m 3er;~i-aliy n?Oi ph~,it>gi~alit stable SiriGe 1951.
-~XG~PPC: : iii%s L%II~ CdrlZE3 :-educed backir;aler= zones but w!jI not affect
3 r- py1*t - .- Lr> pt-c,jett flows shouiif riot cl~ange tile pr-eserrt stabllrty of tire
= , , d.-, v-toiti? PHOTO A-3
Looking upstream a4 Willow Creek confluence ( RM 49.1 ) . Willow Gr-eek
flows fr-om lowet* right to the center- of the photo, Photo taken (4/3i/84,
discharge at Sunshine 38,000 cfs,
SZ 75 2; aH370SRWPH"d SEPTEMBER 36, 12983
LOWER SU%IgTNA RIVER
B18CWAWQE AT SWWSHIHEr 21,1186) c8e SCALE IN FEET
PREPARED FOR:
MARZ/A~ER&SC~~~)
- - -- DATE OF PHQTOGfiAPWY: SEPT. "16th, 4983
- - SCALE: 1"= 500'
Jk7-B"FJTS* IPVG* DISCHARGE at SUNSHINE: 2 3 a 103 cfs - fGD.*Ja-m ._l+CIOPS
WILLOW CREEK
FIGURE A-6 PREPARED FOR:
HARZAQ
I \'IT{ i i j,*, If )lbj
r b - ~~te \+*c,iiei;u Creek: originates :n the Tslkeetna Mountains and flows west
:i-:-;.:~~h The Suziina iov;!aiids to thz Susitna River (Figures A--7 and A-6).
? iz**r,ur, sere o5ser\ed near point A during 198-1 (Barrett et al, 1985).
Et- ;=OK, scckeve ptnk, c!-turn and coho salmon spawn 1r-1 the upstream
T - ra~;tsts s r7e ;lo\\ ti-egime 1s s'rrilar to that of Ltilliow Creeic (Ftgures 2.2
- -- + - +I 2 5 \?late1- depths for a mainsten :!ow of 27,100 cfs are
s-*<r_*ani: IC aIiav+ passage from the mainstern to Littie Wrllow Creek.
'1zc?ss ro itrtle i"ii:iIow Cr~ek is thrchgh a side channel from the Susitna
=i sf-. 4e a fic~~ of 17,890 cis t!:ere were no shallow riffles which would
mcece :he passage oi fish through the side channel. At a flow of 17,800
,L,
.I =, :he aassage depth was 1.5 feet at cr-oss-section A (figure A-8) and
- . - E r-esrr .;e:o~aty a.2~ 3 feet per second at the maxirncam depth 1.6 feet.
-
J re 3u5;.sh-zte gvas a si!ty ;ai,d with some gravel covered with a iayer of
A :L-p* a. The noi~lh has been generaliy mot-phologtca?!y stable since 1951.
-
i kte 5~"n: of Sa~kwat~r- at 23,600, 38,000 and 52,000 cfs are marked in
f *re A-6
I.. 1~11- 3r-s9ect fi~livs may cause reduced backwater zones, but will not affect
; 2 ,irtL2-project Cir,vs.,s sfsouid rtnt sffec'c the present stabil~ty of the
:. 3.>a';a-,, ~~42th
2
LOWER SUSBTNA ROVER
DISCHARGE AT SUMSHINE: 21,180 cfs
FtGURE 8-7 PREPARED FOR:
- - - .---- --
L06RTBOH QF rt,lT^FrkE WBLLOW GREEK MAWZA- EBAs@$@
r r ZCS ~.i.-C--~,*5s '%.vLI10-oU,nT* tlUIVbTOStS
SCJSITNA JOINT VkbP\I1 i!i3I:
-- --"--
-----~-----
;';;?3P:;iES BY DATE 06 PHOTOGRAPHY: SEPT, lath, $983 FlQVRE P.-8 PREPARED FOR: -- -
-, - --- --- - -- SCALE: tD= 5oos LITTLE bV LbOW CREEK HARZAa EBAS~~ - -. - e -- er - - %,v2 .yBbpJSUiYA&"blTSI IE%~.
j -r a,rrraa L~JC;~C~IOT~ ~wm~n..omaa~m ZIUPYI- :Oms
DISCHARGE at SUNSHINE: 2 1.4 OOcfs S1JS;TNA JOINT VE NTLJRE
"-- ----
-a ., - ne "iasv%itna Rrver or-rgznates in the Taikeetna i'~lounta~ns and fiows west
;rlr-~-s"r 132e Susi-tna iowlands ta the Susitna River (Figure A-91. Chinook,
DJ~: ;b~- and coho salmon spawn in upstrezm habitats. Glacier meit in
- '-" a . a- ~~ad~+,ba"rers r-esi!ts rn a higher baseflotv during July and August tban
21; :"per eas? bzriih tr~butat-ges without giaciet-s The rrver responds to
s-.-*-e- rains in a manner s;miiar to i$lrllow Creek. Fish access IS "trough
2 C- be cklanrer fr-om xhe mainstow (figure A-40). Th~s channel provides
access ;;.r;-; *:I-e b.asDwixqa Rrver to the mannstnm (Photo .A-4).
A t,--~*--j~z~ fi~3i*~s wiII desr-ease tile size of the backwater zone. The
.sd~c:~?aa tr: s ze depends en many factors, pr-~rnarily marnstem stage and
;i->sri.tic4r- 3L tributar-y flow. The bar to the west of the boat ramp has
--i- :~c:-~asrng :n size s:nce 1951. The rate of growth of the bar rnay - L
d.-:r-l;se jrtd~r 5:lth-pi-nject floi;~.
PHOTO A-4
Looking upstream at the Kashwitna River (RM 61.0). S~lsitna Landing boat
ramp is on the gravel bat. in the lop centet- to lower right. Photo taken
9/11/84, discharge at Si~nsliine 23,600 cfs.
LOWER SUSITNA RIVER
3 ,al 7" - j-, i;, pt+Cf0GRAPr-IV: SEPTEMBER 16, 1983 DISCHARUE AT SUMSHINE: 2 f ,100 cfs SCALE IN FEET
---*------ -
3QcPe;;iED EY FIGURE A-9 PREPARED FOR: -----
--
A -
kOeATEiON QF KASHWlTMA RlVEW
-26 p42 zar\Jk,"SULTArdTS, IMC,
MAWZQ-E%AOC@
511~1 I NA ir P VI IC-I I IFXI-
-+* -- -- - - -. , *CF"'"" -9 Bf FIGURE A-I0 PREPARED FOR:
--- - -- -- -- DATE CF PWOTQGRAPhY: SEP7. 'ESth, $983
-.------- SCALE: .3"= 508'
& r& C~~GSULTAWTS~ !#WE.
HARZAa EBA$G@
DISCHARGE at SUNSHINE: 2 3.1 06 cis 51JSI I Mi\ dOINT Vf Nt !-If?[
-- * I
t 7.. "zaswsierc ,if Csswei! Creek are in the Susttna River iowlands in the
3~~'~~1r -dke area ffigure A-?I! Pink and churn salmon were observ~d
??-A -st-C *n the t:-?batat-y just up~tr-earn of the mouth. Ch~riootc, sockeye,
p "-- :%-,r and coho sajrnoii spawn in tlpstt-earn habitats. Gaswell Creek
:.as s~=e:- peak floits after rarnfa!! events than does Deshka River or Willow
-, r-sz -v--r. c-e ro the jnfiuence of lakes In "Ihe basin. Baseflow during the
*L rk=r bid dartrig dry surnmet-s iA+c;tiid be i-e!a"crvely higher due 40 the
-$I ,e6,:+ ai E2s:te" laalte
<- --?,--I ,= g~aT i FI~UJ-CI A-121 is den re^ cd at ppt-csrr~nateiy 35,000 cfs tf-)ereby
,. --sc' ci; - tui-3 rite i:-iSutar-\/ rn3ciutl-1 avproxtnrately 8fiG feet to the southwest
&,. G -A A- The i3w aster insurk IS a mob~le bed of s~ltaand sand wl~icti
,---1.;72s +hv.,i",i- pack+ it~gh fiotv event Dgr-ing our site vis~t (Septem-
( _ -- _I*- .~;4, 17,8C19 cfsj there was a ivdter depth sf 11.2 to 0.4 feet for a
- i "i 22(? feet 3.: tile motrth. \I,crter- velocrt~es were low, 0.2 to 0.6
e;-F could be diiiiciilty in passage di 2 to shallow depths at 17,801)
I: 3' i ,.I cfs t!iiji*e wz, id be sufftc~ent r!epths and veloc~ties to
cf i'~+%s i*,til affect tIi9 extent of backwater up Caswell Creek.
.- - r :j7~ area bh,.,h~ch :y~!~frJ change would be 600 to 8110 feet ukstrcarn
1:-:s-rt.r-3; irrgi;?h The s2aLiltty of the tt-tbutar-y inouth would not
L.l *+.. ..,-, ysp+ L d, -.,"ih-pzrbject firi~s ihe shape of the side channei tmmcdl-
fl-t , -,ce,rbsrr ?in .jf rhe tributary mouth changes w~th each h~gh flow and
rrj- __ - , -5 7.1 ci~;lnge j+ape tlrider wr"ch-pr*oject condrt~ons.
PHOTO A-5
Gaswell Cr-eek IRM 64.0) flows ft-orn right to left. This ptloto shows the
side channel below the creek mouth. Photo taken 9/11/84, discharge at
Sunshine 23,600 cfs.
CA~~~~ELT. GBEEK LW ww ~SB WWPJ~W D R"Jr7L U1
C~,-< i",F PW3TOO3b-PXY: SEPTEMBER 18, 1983 DtSCHARE$E AT SU-^-"'-" - -
--
P-
I~ \\ SHEEP GREEK
/ \ L
ha &wem Q~IQcTMA
nyrrsass: z 7, -105 cfa
------ ---..-a
FIGURE a-1 1 PREP11 RED FOR:
- - -- ---- ---- --- - - -- - - HARZAaEBA@G@
z:ns,te*; ~~~~f~u~pA~fTSJ ISxJC, tXi",;l rNA irllNI Vt N1Cib3i
P - - -.--r-
- . - , -* -- --- ..- - -P--P-P -- --a P
-d;;~c-~z - 5%; FIGURE A- 12 PREPARED FOR: DATE OF Tal4OT00RAPHY: AUQ. 271f?, 16883 - - - - -
_ -_ - - - - - -_ --- - - - __ - - scA:.E: tb =ij(Iiog CASWEL CREEK MAWZA. ~R~~~~
--* -. - , z~=rx~~~r YS, g~j-c.
* := * -*- - "L .rXWrnL?* *.-* *de,="oaa
DISCHARGE at Stlt4Si.ilNE: 5e,?os cts f;iJSll Nii lOltJ1 VI Nl I IH~
5 " a -* es . -,ric. oates ir- tiie TaiLeetna 95ounta*ns anrd flows west tll t.ough
: i St:~:r:a fi+lber- i0-&~.,'~n4.; -to the Susitna RIVP~. Pink salrnon t4iet.e
-
--A= .- .rj -3a\tr, Jtisi i13str-ecin 3f tit: t..~hutary rrtouth, Chinook,
- - -u= - :a ti . pk~rr, and coi~o spa".tri in upstream habttat: . As S17~di"p
7 ,=a - - P -absc t"-. iTtO"-i!ltalri~, a secrndary channel fto~vs to Goose Creek.
- ,a iCi12 c- 2--2 eyL ~f v~iiter going to Goose Creek varies, depcndir~g on
_- I - -i rn;a7rs~i sh :rins and man made diver.sions at the confiitencc of the
:.t _ - 2.1.i s The fl~i~ i-E- re ,S stm~lar to \t'~llow CI-eek (F~gut-e~ 2.2
, P ,-t, . 2 , Tke ?%a:! a:ea of giact~rs In the l-readwatei-s w~il nralnta!n a
-rr 3 7 .,I:, i ;i;fi- 53si=ij0\+, cjilrtn~ ~uiy and Ai~g~t.,+r C/:~II that at Willow
a;; a
- .-?.ti ;:-st2 IFtgixre A 131 rs 59,100 cfs, as the area was rzot covet-ed - ., - A? -- - z , b' i,fs ;i-5tog.r-d;)hv At 37,lliii cis tltzr-e 1.1 a contiriuous water
- .. LC ..tie sldc rt:arrnei do,: rist i-t%am if-orn Sheep Greek (Photo PI-8).
* - .., .tee- i; &! ia ti'i5;l~t~l.y uCGLI: s at ii,rtrnstLrri ~~~~~~~~~~ges above 23,OClO cfs
-. _ A 6, a:td ii;;.jP.e A - 12 j At ji,fJi)~l L~S the bsck,water zone extcncls
, T , it p . re . The exterlt of backwater for
"-3 i
;brer,; f3 *iii:% u: Li,ril;E I-pi. at-r iric3t-iii.d in F~gur-e A.13.
,l --, :'I ;~-s-L , - I r' **VS .**!I/ be lilri~ted to I-educed backwater rorres,
r ce ;r~~r*~q rjr- tri >i-l~lcgi., ~tabt11ty of the ti-ibiltary mouth
Sheep Ct-eek [RWI 66.1) flows from rigkt to left. Sheep Creelc side channe,
+!ow, ir-om top to lower left. Photo taken 9,!1'/84, discharge at Sunshine
2.3, cf)O cf s .
_*- l I I_I md --- --- --- ---
--i3-;ac"_T' DATE ?3F Pt3O"fOGP"tbPHY: AUG. 27th, 2883 FlQURE A-13 PREPARED FOR:
- --
-- - SCALE: 1"= 500" -- .-, -,/: ~~is-dS,Jt_5--FI:]zbx-i"6a irdc,
3HEEP CREEK HAWXA- rsB&@c@
. . , . , , DiSCtJARGE itit SUMSHINE: 59,? $0 cfa '31~~~i fhJ~'1 kOl?Jl \I[ %+;\* tf{k
- ___ I _ ___*--- --- -- - ,- ---.-w P --
-- r i--,, - "" - Zci 3>-!9i'?at2~ in r?e f~,~tl7~1;~ Of tile la!i,eetnrp &loiln:aIns and
%- ha -- .- rhrz~s" ;he S~siZr:a R',,\er i~;vla!ids to the Susltfia River (Figure
-- * - -- - - __ _-i,\ -- pink sairnon :%?re observed to spakvn near the tributary
-C - ~SCS~ ~3ci~ye, plr?iir C!-ILJ+-T~ and coho satrnon soawn in upstream
,.- d. --S T"E ~i.ar*iel stat-ts at the pojnt tvhel-e Sheep Creek lea~les the
- q T~)~ D2+-.-0-,4.- ibtIki.cje oi :t<~rer evtet-rng Goose Creak from Sheep
--. - :-WES depscding on ncltural cI-iannei sh~fting and inan niade
-- - - r- lc
- ? *- r - -'a,*" .egirr;e is si:i-i~i~r- to i.i:iic~~ Creek (Figirres 2.2 through
? - - - "ksa - rs -icdth, Gco:e C:-ee:, spiirs into four- lain ciiannels, wrtt-I
+. a% ,.. a '3 "to tl?e rndi7sr-.rn of the Sus tna R~ver and tl,*~o flowing into a
. - ---f8e (?,-,-t2 A-;; ~f,~ sldp cr-anriel o~ef-tops at appt-o~rrnately
- - - - C -) -rtc? ;ic:r;at a\ ei:.ipc:i 9 ii3b.i c at-res fr-on year to year due to
=.I c 3 ;=.s ;.i-rcf di151is acc,i:nilia:ing ai the head of tGIe side channel
+- - - 5 .=e cstarnel 1s 3\rt;;,p~d, 1?-13i-e IS suffi~lent water- depth and
\ -I~-~:~-?S 7; erls ,I-~ fish rassa~e ~nto Goose Greek. hiiter
I - -, *~'sc t fis *%er F irr--i~1*i*; i *ri Ibc s.de channel downstream of the
r-; :Cb ia, is~r ti>e 3e9-m ;. 4 rivt o~ge;tupped. At c:-05s-s ct~on A
* *- *a - @ . I 2' 7-2 r -it,czl s,-,"rrc,n ha~ a i~atet- depth of i il feet, a velaclty
I ,; s :-p~c~: ers- I >i 71) fee; Sect~nn 8 f t-tyure A-16) Iiad a
- ,.,Ji~: c;p+t?; ;i - - fwi, a ~2113city ~f 4.6 fps and a reach
$ 7 > r: - , . 2 4isch;jtye in ::I;. 5:de cllanncl was 39 cfs 4ut-rng
- -5 TI:E shdiicj:;e;t iv.;t~i depth, 0 4 feet, was at Sect~on
L -:i ,, a i: .ter \rlocit*/ of 'i 0 fps a1.d a react1 length of 50
?. i. 1 a-T?(. v':;ht;l has ctidnc;ed consrdetab!~ since 1951 due to
- :l. -; 10. Cs,s.; Cr5eL.. and elevating the old rriouth where I:
- a G rt -i r;: p, i k !T~CJUI-C A-18) From point A water flows
-* -
+:);,r--i~ -,~2 ;-id:? been a log jam wh~cll drverted frow
, --- + ;--iari.ir: 51 -i-,!~ine fions v:li!l excpecl 27,C)tIfl cfs 50 percent
- 7 -.-- "lay Z3*+ :r, Septptnber 3fitis 510ce most of the aduil
inmigration occurs during the period when the side ct1annt.f berm is
overtopped (June 3 to September 8), there is little chance sf fish passage
p:-oblems. The slight change ir: stage wit!> with-pr~ject ~!OWS will ~Iiy htly
alter the backwater in the channels flowing into the mainstem, but q' '
not severely affect potential holding areas. With- -1roject flows she 4.
affect the stability of the tributary r~ ,.
PHOTO 14-7
Looking upstream at the confluence of Goose Creek and Goose Creek side
channel (RM 72.0). Goose Creek flows from top right towards bottom
certter. The side channel was barely overtopped at 23,600 cfs, at
Sunshine on 9/11/84.
- ..- , r : 2s C7r3G9Ar"H-b"j": SEPTEMBER :6, I983
LOWER SUSBTNA RIVER
DOSCHARQE AT SUHSHBKE: 29,900 cfril
2
SCALE FEET
2
SCALE IN FEET
- -- - ---- --
"1. "2 "E2 s5" --ycIIIIII..*II----c
FIGURE A-45 PREPARED FOR: ----
- - - - -- - - - -
k868786N OF QOBBE CREEK
- -
Id :- ,-.j:\36CL-ffit"*.4YSI -- Efi- ce
3ARZA=EBAgG@
r OPLL~~~B~. BVF~X -GUS 2 of 2 SUSI [NA JCllNT V1 N TtJ13F
f
- --*--*---&---- t
-- *- * * = - - * A =-- % -* _ .- i -- - - - - - - --
" -
, .--- Ls_^%ml "..--we- --- - -- I-
2zz3-FzL E: FOR -
_ - DATE Of PHO'i CFSFsWPHV: SEBT, ?@th, $883
__- __ -___- _-__(__^___- - -..- SCALE: 1" = 5oo* GOOSE CREEK A rgk2~z~o EB~~G~I - <*-=sf ~~YC7>~~-~~T&XTSn 3FdC. : ,", " DISCHARGE at SUkJSWINE: 2 4.1 QQ cfs , .., .I ~$h~ ' ' ', ' '42"
T~~-_ji&~-.-s---*
i*-ru-
>?";L"E> B{ FIGURE A-37 PREPARED FOR:
-- --~.p---- DATE OF PHOTOGRAPHY: 8EPT. 16th, 1983
-___ _______--- ---_____-.-- =- -- .- SCALE: I"= 500' - #-F*T:
GOOSE CREEK B MARZAU EDASGO
, , , , 3U4,TAN"3?-Si IMG. DtSGKARQE a2 SUNSHINE: 2 1, la~cfs SlJSl TNA JOlrdT VFNTIIRI
> - ~?s..iioi--m r'i71TAcS ?T;t. SW"f'* fQCI*
- *-- -a-------""-=- --
,"E;.-Pp"? 3, FDQURE A-1% PREPARED FOR: - -- ----- DATE OF PHOTOGRAPHY: SEPT. 'iSth, 1883
-- -- - z.:-*.Lz: $a~E2Q* - dl -- -, :EULTAPdTS, Jrve. GOOSE CREEK C: HARZ&aEBASGa
QSSCFIARGE aGSIJNSHINE: 2 3-3 QQ G~S CJlJSlTNA JT?I1\11- VFN l"lJP€
'-;sria~a ci-e~i- os-igin.!f-=.s Efi P,he Talkeetna Mountains a~d flows west
A 5; : -= .z r- *h S~usitna !o;viands to the S.i;sit,na Rivfia. (Figure A-19). Pink
, , z:.- r;-..73 C;,/7C .. .- ...Z.J~.~ ,_,.. r,,~i; i*s.~~-~ o~s+~:.,~-J spa&\ rting jushupstr-ean it-om the tributary
.- A' r. i .- i - . *, rt, -. 8 :*it -,ar:. anc: coi?~, salmon spa:sn ir-i upstr-eanj h-tbit~",. -The flow
r.~..~. -. (72 IS sfi~il ,. to thar r>i ;C~!!olv C!-?eL. [Figi.,--es 2.2 t]>ri-ugh 2.5). water
-:--..t. . ;.r,. -..- ring 21. :!:'I cfs ,sr-e srrff;i7iFrit ailow passage fr-orn the mainstem
C- .u i:o:~taria Crezk. $:~a;ana (3:-r.i-L i-ras a t-?lative!y steep gradiect, with
tlss~~t13Iiy 7;. 3acL:viit~:- zGne at i~ra!~-?s:e~n T~OVJS of up to 38,000 cfs, a;ld
;:, 1i-t .3r;3r--.;iirnat.3iy Sf)() fe;r ,>-f baci.,ivaisr- at 52,G;jO cfs. The side cha;~rels
i?r;yc..-.r- k E
<. . .,. .*.s .,i~r;~cana Crzeic i:.o;r: r:?~ r~arth are overtopped between 38,000 cfs
-- 3 :I . a 33, i:fiv) cds. Our-ing "re pas: 3!; ) ears the sandbars at the confluence
-- 21- -,a- c.
_,: , ,,t -dr;=. :-r-~'t?F\ ank i;7e S~jsltncl C?,:,er have bcc~me more vegetated and
"... - . ~ ,.,..-sc.r>ios;c,a:i:, ttaiC,ie. H~::e\:?r-, the mot-pirolo~y of the channel between
,-?,;5.,-f-q~~? rites 9 art6 8 ar..! the confiuence change each year (Figure
c. ., ., - " 1 -, PI-r:to ,A,-S). 1.t ;-ia2:r;t A arid B the ivatel- depth and velocity
.\----2 : 5 fv:et .rid 3.i :i;7~~, arid 1.2 feet and 2.E fps, respectively. At
<_ _. '-
:li . - c-;? ;%are[- d=.pt& ";r~d 1,elocity iver-e 1.3 feet and 7.1 fps, while at
.. - - - !3 Ti- Zi.' ,a,""? 1 .: if';t ;jT?d 3 2 :;-is.
. . .. ,~f"srr . - -,, .jf .v:itii-~r-~.y.+ ,. CI.ii*,s wri! be liin:ted to slightly r-educed
,\_,' .-, ~ - I : s, 2 , !! i.r~t affect access. With-project flows will
- _, , , -disc -- d~~~clti3ii iif the hiloniana Creek bedload closer to the
- I* ti-? f~iai7~t~i~i, \\+ereis r,ow xhe bedload 1s depos~ted
;A - , ss~rea-r z?i~ii i!sik,i n? '~lrjr*tana Creek will be atilt. to move the
- - - -+; -3-a-laI ;ct of ti:? :norj:h ev.c.7 th~u3h ~t is depos~led further ,
Montana Creek (UM 77.0) flows from right to left center. The Susitna
River rnairaste~n flows fr-om upper left to lower left. Photo taken 9/11/84,
d~scttat-ge at Sunshine 23,600 cfs.
- -7 5" =-;Si.TD&RiaFHY: SEPTEMBER 'I.@, 9983 SCALE llkd FEET
-- ---
" --- .- - - d" 7E J I"
- -- FDQUGIE A-l
_ .._____-----
LaQCATfON OF MONTANA CREEK
- - -- - - - - --J.-<n =*-3 ,,---a
-< *_> 1 - ,-,, '.,1T-,"d"_,MPif SD #Pa=-
-?-* -*- -(; Zvi 5FlO la S7Si 81-*VXIIXU
,< *- "- r.ruu..rr+-m-n.C--.-- ---- - * -"- -:"EZ Bf FllGUPlkE A-20 PREPARED FOR: -- DATE OF PHOTOGRAPHY: SEPS. 1StPI, $983
- - -=-==-.----&-.==-- SCALE: I*= 500'
-. T ; ~--r;s:S~-rv.rJTs~ ir+dc. MONTANA CREEK
DISCHARGE a9 SUNSHINE: 2 ' ,108 cfs ';\JSI IRA I~!I?JI .I[ NTIJP[
b - -r-> 2~'-x C:-?P~ o-491-ates $3 the Susttna lowtands azd flows southeast to - -.. - 2-5 rye 2 <e,- (Fl~,-:re A-21 1 Ciirnook, sockeye, pink, chum and coho
5- -- ss~:i- .?st .i..>rn *-,aSihats The floii; reylme is similar to that of
- - - -= +s-- 2 - 2 be- iF s.irf5 2 2 thi-0uc~1-1 2.5). at 2l,?oc cfs passage
-- -,-3F- Fcaz rll~ -* ;.a-e 8s or,? i-eacii t\~ai may pr-ovide pt-obiens The bdr
-: -".a - -2-i- ~i--?rgss sha;>e \ear to :,eat- deper~ding on the high flows
.,. . - -i f~ ce~~ 7,121, f Ftgiir-e 3. 23 art " Photo A-9). The con+luence w~th
- .- - L-5 *- , tc - F, ei- la~~ bee~ norpt>c>*l2g caily stable sirice 1951.
-i_ -I 1 - =& 55; OT ,~ltI> prcllec,t fio:-,s A;{; be Iimried to reducing the backwater
--* , 21. , -- -, ;.,T ; , ,, ,--r~-:t: acrtss ~'r- mot-ph010~:c stabiiity of the trlblntary
PHOTO A-9
Looking upstt-earn at Rabideux Creek CRM 83.1). The Susitna River
inarnstern flows fr-on1 center r'igt~t: to bottom center, Photo taken 8/31/84,
dischat-ge at Sunsh~ne 38,000 cfs.
LOWER SUWBNA RIVER
*h - /_- -- - - " -,4=>$,rAPSilY: STPTELtbiEZSrr 3 6, f @83 D13GHPaRQE 84 Bldfia%HtHE: 21,daO SCALE 1P4 FEET
-- -__- ^---------- - - - --- - - ----- -^_____-- *-- --p P --.--
--< 3 f FIQIJF ... A-21 PREPARED FOR:
.- -
-- . -- - --
LQGATlOM OF RABlDEUX CREEK
; >;tjs, ' Tat - *.aJC.
M@ ?ZAaEBA@GO _ _ ; *r* * --- fi+ s*-L t e-+r=-v
'i\jf>l 1 %J6\ iclf!$i '$1 hi7 lJ[?F
_ __ - _I__; ------ 1__1..-__1 -74-1- --- ----m p- -- *I*C
- __" - _---_*-_- ----1---
- ___Y~~"-a~~-CI--~-"I.^PI -
---
-&*--- zz, 5'' FJQ"riiRE A-22 Pi-ttPARiED F3R:
- -- -- DAf E OF Pb-IQTBGRAPHV: SEPT, ISlh, 1983
- - -- - --- - SGALE: 2": 560" DEU>S CW a/&ig]zAm @@&se@
/-"" " # ---- ma+- 3{5:2:mTAp4-7ss !PdG, BlSCHARCf at SUNSHINE: 2 3,11)8 cfs ,I #'*i fb<,*, !lll?J 1 */I *,# 1 I i!{f
,E:-ee~ o;-lc~;fiarzs tire S~C;+-,- 8,c.r !QV. iaitds and F!o'i~.c, soub11-
,".?,; *"' - j!?? Ld~ri:,3 !3:/?r- [Figuf-2 4-23). i)ir-ik ar,d chi~rn salmGn ~vsre
- ., =; ,-, . -. . SpSi%:;;r?s ij~~'~f'~~;l -jf .tile t3 i~ii~~f-~ fn0brh da;-,n9 IC,'$q.
. L SLck?'y~+, ?i:iL, ~/;rji: ;irl._. c~tr:o spa::.;? iir tile urlistr.eail-; habitats.
,---..-> . ri,:.:::.- is 51:i1;!31- t3 tl-..a: of the Drsi1l.a River. (Flgilf-es 2.2
-j -,; -"! r- -..-,. i r?i? QT:T.C: of i;'aajy idk.i.5 iri tile i-?aslii {r; lo flatten
. -' 3. ?,:-ck T;;.\*.S ;ra:;i;? r-rlii-faib e,w,. .i.. 3;;s r.-- :n;?,::t;+ir: a r-c.;;?t:{ , i3igJier t:? -,--
'. -‘a:;-. :+it, , 85 .=o-:Fz:-ed a !,-.c , ,,::+ .,\;? h.ri;~?. ,ai;.s A: ,? iriar;?f:c!:? f!oL~ of
(3 SIdC* L~"li3nrIel :<>
:: f $.c?;;j ?>,- ; :< . - ..i 5-P arjci t4-35).
* ,. $*)c{; -,i >m~4?.~*:3~~L=: ::> cri:5 r %..e rriiri4rnr1rn
,n -.. - ' *, y !::.&* +,a* ci~;,;: fl.c :?I tiGt- -r:-3 {:icer- is .tjle -- , _, -*. -*
a , >{.>cs:\!s+ ci-<-p;.
LOWER SUSITNA RIVER
- 2 * _ 2 - >(14-C* ~~~~--jjplf: SEpfF+zzeR 96, "983 DiSGHARQE A% SUW8141NE: 2t,2 00 cf~s
- -- -- --- ----- -- --
;-p9-ac5 3" FlGURE A-23
--- -- -- - -
- - -- - - - --- -- - - -
LOCATOOS OF SUMSHINE CREEK 8 BiWGH CREEK
*- -- - -- r",? "z LB iiTCC F*.1 T.5 i b?\i 6,
HARZAa EBASGO
1 fli;, If IPjT "JL- Pdi 2 ji>r
_ __ _ ~__ls_"._ll__.~- --- -"Pa
A - _* ___- --- --------" --- P- - - *-,--
3CiZ >><dEC 57 FBBURE A-24 PREPARED FOR:
- - - - --- -- -- - AYE OF PkOTGGRA@Pi.IY: SfP4. 1Eti3, 198Z
- - SCALE. 5"= 506" -_ _ E CREEK A MABZAa EBASC@
- a- -- -c-- J~~*$J~'A>!TS~ t&JC. ZISCHAGGE el SUIdSp-P"ifGE: 2 $ i 00 cfa :;tSlTiilA :C,it.l r '(i hJTiJH * -=> & * 3 d*<*cx.-2 -- 3 *",-<a *-d=s _ I - -.------ --- PP -- -
:. , -- ,r' .- - ~.rrn. ci';qiFP'es in t:-$e Susi:fia F,lbver iov+j,,ds dnj fjcws southwest
.. " *' 2- - . ,- >._.;;:na G,.b@r. [F~~gr-e ir;-23 zr:-j A-7i'" -3 j . -. "ink sriiir~on tver-2 observed
i;?'.*.r.7i; ;-e;;r i,i-2 [:-s~i:th of 3i,-ck: Creek c:;d 8jr-ci: (zr-eei; SIougb below
+ .- >r: :; -,.>Pee & [-, j ucjsq .. . Chi~!csk, socA;1ye, pin!-:, chum and cijho salmon
C-\3. .- ... I .F: 1_.1-str-esri 3abi;ais. Ti?e fioi.i : et;,me is sjin:!ar that 9: the
.- -. ~- i,.-..,c. - ;?;.ice- # L~.-,:-- r.,,,~s 2.2 ~~~-oc?Q!-I 2.5). Ti-ie effect c;f the mariy lakes in
*.- l'c - : .- , esp~c~aily ?:sir Lake, 1s :lo flatten out :he peak f!ows fr-om
.. : . -2iI 3%, ?:.;S apd to rr;agn+;alfi a r-siat.i~ htgil basefi~:r, 3s comparec to a
t, :-5 n ,5';17~;: iah~~. Cyeri-: (Flyc:-e .4-2;) into Birch Creek
3'; -37 - ; *= j: ci-; ~:G\$s c=.n,n ~f .:>>, r--iaincte.--r ctta;lilels [Photo "A-lo].
. I/
< r =, --.-I- ",:-e-:: 51(2:.sh has ju;;rcie?t ;&;arer- fpr fish ac.cess 2"; ,lo(; cfs.
4
.. .. - +;:,:-.: 9°F;; Saziitare:- ar-5~ Fir.-(: Cl.eeic. Sl,:jgl: may be reduced
2 ~-, ;- ' - -- , .. - , , , 591 th:~ i not ;lif.;c,f access corrd?tions.
*' ;. - --- I, _. ;+;- '-1 +=$: :9ii .a~ !siar?d betr;.,eFn the r;-outi.-r of Bii-ch Creei, S!ough
-.- - 3: :-a -;s"z ~~.~si:~;: i-:cs ercderJ a:-;ay. Since 797.4 ?he triSut-a!-y
. - +- .: 2 5 - - ~t3t'-~ie and sb.:,u" rtn.ct be affected by
. -. *.- _l.Tr+ *- . . . - ,* 5. ' . ,
PHOTO A-149
Looking ~pstr-earn tvtth Birch Ct-eek 5lough (RM 89.2) flowirtg from center
right to certtev. Phcrra taken 8/11/84, discharge at Sunshine 23,600 cfs.
2
LOWER C$USGTNA RlVER
> -= - : 3 ,#- --r?>'lp3 r pqy- -, ,-a,, . . SEPTEM6EFt %a?, $933 DBSGHABf3E A4 SUNSHtNE: 2 4,500 c44 --
-2 id==' Id
Ld - FIGURE 83-26 PREPARED FOR:
- - - - - - - - -. -- --- -
LOGATfOH OF TRAPPER GREEK & BIRCH CREEK
-- %-ar ..: ' L- *S*-*LT~+TdT'Ss fPdC.
MARZAmE@ASCQ
a ,, --9 --- 11oaC-CaS70 a.sPsri3Bb
(,i 1 ;I I !r)i!k:; \!I *;;l)I?[
-- . -- , :.;= l- -.;a !- t '-c+p; - - crrslnares in ih susiins. !o:v~ai~ds and ffo~ situt[ieast to
: "* 5 :.,~s.tC?i ;\i3~er (Figi:re A-26). Pink and chum sairnon &r,,terc obsorve-j
-- - >..c',i,~i~~ -, ;.->I .a,i- tipsb:i'~aia sf lise tr-ibutay?; r-i:outil durjng 198.4. Cilinook,
-. L1. .ck .EL 3, pfnk, c;-..-- t:lii;~ and coho saimon spawn in upstr~ain f.iabi:aT;s. Tf>e
t-?-,frne 1s si~lias ~o ?!:at of tile Deshka Rivet-, bat a s~~aifer
.,">. - ? 7
3 -2 f ! 2.2 :- ) At 3,100 cis, -frappe,-
-, ,.-=:, 2><Te7<4- - .- - -.-.
i'=h c~rbfi 6 side ci:anrei the maifistern Susitna River.
. . 2 :-s - >-,-: - ;r-a:;sil.,i-),, ",i,::i.: trs shL,pe 2r.c" be,ate,- depiil ..iat.yipg ft-::.la year
+ 6 :- ,- ,> ,-. -, r~ ,-* ;- ,- . , - L: .:, or; tiis msg?it~c!e of ti~@ peak fioit. titat year. l:~n-,pat*igg
m -,-
"r~.,--.~ -~-:,3 i;-iti? P3rto sf;A3,,4,; hgiv the ctlannei (;hanged shape fr-om
. - ":3 tr: ;LC" --*, ~,JF.;~G t\$ ltpis-< t+,., i,~s!t $3' 5~stem'r;c-r 18 1934, the channel
4
-.* =-= . * -. ..,- a?a,--$ ~:i:~?t-e~; fr.:qi i!:at Sfiobbv~ tn the anriai photg. fvlinirnurn depths
, *-< ' , .- .J~~, ~,*.il;tel- i+2qeiei ;ar-in,J )-aA.r.i?.o uLCb.--ij 0.3 and 0.6 ieet. At 3Q,rJOO cfs
~- - - 5.. -%sf-< -,\t-I~.?:---,*~l.d accessiiic 3cih ir..c.pp-i- Ci-pep, and the AQPiG IFIPJI
: i I--,- '3r 4ek st,~d.,. +i5L1:-a ,- f- -35 Since 1951 the main ctian~nl oi
- ._. - ji5i;~a ,=il<;~r ha5 riiif:~d fr.,>rn the ives'r side to tile east s~de of the
' ( - ,-. .-, - . , .* i.~~-~.~ic.i!;~ ri;e ienstii 05 tile side ck~arincl fr-om the mouth of
-:,,r,;r: C~.;-E!, 15 tj?e SLij:i:>~ Ri\rz:-.
, ,
I --. -L.--i,-- ,.,_i ,- ,s ;i-,-;ji-~~j~t","i*i,~,~ :*.!ii 5.3 to r-educe the rnagnltude cti the
- :: .: .;;; n- i;.s.ns :ni.i-;;I,-. .; c r;i>a:-~gss 1;) the channel downstream of
. -, ~ .. Sea. C- , +,?: 7.' lie ti\ic!r:ei :,.,3tiir4 tend to brcr~rle r-elattkeiy [nore stable
.',' ""F . .-,<;:.13*., .- - .,:.-a rr;ay onci~acii 9,. :he chinn-c-i. The backwratet- zones
, -- ~ .~ .-:A '. -:-A b.y :~,~;:j-~!-:~jc~t fl.2i*,s, this s[,r;uld nr~t affect accpss .- .*.-.
1-mk~ng ~lpstt-earn at l-!uapper Creek Side Channel ADFCG IFlM Study S~te,
Tr-spper Cre~k (KM 91.5) flows fron~ center left to bott.orn center. Photo
t;lken 8/31!24, d~schat-ge at Scrnsl~rne 38,000 cfs.
i
__(- " -_C/_I--*.=- -- ---------_I
--- -.= - * .", - - * - --#-
F :-..-:A 2# iClauRE 4-28 PIIEPAPEC '
---- --- DATE 3F hfH%rTrJGRWPKY: SEPT. ?nth, 4383 TRAPPER CREEK IC I, .* +
$~'- : k*: , ; . *."is _ --_ - - - _-_. -- _ SCALE: :"= 500"