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Home My WebLink AboutAPA2845[}{]&\[ffi~£o§[ID£®@(0 Susitna Joint Venture Document Number Please Return To ICE SIMULATIONS: ES FOR SUSITNA Report by Ebasco Susitna Joint Ventu:.e Prepa Power F na l P..-~ po r. t it 04i'cument No .. Susitm:t Fila No.. 42 .. 2<)5 PAGE ii iii iv 1 3 l !:: - 2el 5 FLOW 6 6 DESIGNS FOR 7 2 .. 5 STAGED CONSTRUCTION 7 PROJECT 9 9 2 10 3o 0 1 ana 0 th 2 ,.., ,2 ~JatanE~ 12 .:; (eonti.nued) PAGE 3~3 FLOW 13 3o3~1 Watana Operating Alone 13 2001 Demand 30311,2 and Devil Canyon 14 Oparating with 2002 Energy 3o4 WATANA 14 14 Devil Canyon 15 with 2002 DESIGNS 16 16 18 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 10 LIST OF '!'ABLES Scope of Supplementaty River Ice Simulat5.ons Watana Power Intake Designs ~~~A~u~ Simulated Winter River Stages~ Alternative Power Intake Operating Policies and Instream Flow Requirements ~-~·~~u~ Simulated Total Ice Thicknesses: Alternative Power Intake Operating Policies and Instream F'low Requirements Solid Ice Thicknesses: Intake Operating Policies and Stages: 1 Canyon Cone 1 ckenesses: r Intake Devil Winter cense Application Project f"C.t Maximum e LIST OF 1 Susitna River 2 Constraints 3 Case C V:So Case E-VI Simulated Flows: Operating Alone 4 c vs .. Case E-VI Simulated Flows: Watana. Devil Canyon Operating 5 Intake License Des Release Temperatures: License Project 1 Canyon Operating Cone Valve Case c Alternat Pres.ant 7 ·watana Case Alternatives Pres,~nt Present c ives Present 9 c Present Present Canyon 10 e E=VI Alternatives ent ent 11 ternat ent 12 ·~l""nat t ent resent {-later 13 ternat s ent ent 1 De~ vi Alterna~ ves Warmest Present c 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 10 11 12 3 OF Susitna River Release Constraints C vso Case E-VI Simulated ""Q~ .. au•c:;r. Operating Alone E-VI Simulated Flows: Devil Canyon Operating Multilevel Intake cer1se Application Design Reservoir Temperatures: License Application Project Watana Operating Case C ~latana e E-VI c ives Case C Alternatives ives ent t t ent t rnat 1 Present Present ent ent ~lumber 16 17 18 19 20 21-24 23 LIST FIGURES (continued) Wa.tana Devil Canyon Dev5 .. 1 Canyon Canyon Devil Canyon Case C Case C Case C Case C Case C Operating Warmest Water Warmest Water Wat~est Water Warmest Watet" t Water Watana Power Devil Canyon Cone Valve Alternatives Present Alternatives Present Alternatives High Present Alternatives 1800/1770 Alternatives Simulated ervoir Release Temperatures: Project Stage I Devil Canyon II Devil II Simulated 2lfl£"1 vs I E-~vr Q .. ~ 9 Devil Canyon ft 50 ftc Devil Power 1 2 VSo 3-alevel 1 OF !CECAL SIMULATION RESULTS Devil Canyon Intake Watana Project :Energy Weather Flow Operating Intake Valve Period Regui rement_ A 2001 1 1-82 Case C Inflow-PreErent Present Only Matching B 2001 1-82 c Warmest PresJent Present Only Water c 2001 1981-82 Case C Lowest Pre~&ent Only Port D 2001 1981-82 Case E-VI Inflow-Present Present Only Matching E 2001 1 1-82 Case E-VI Warmest Present Present Only Water F 2001 1971..,·72 c t ent Watana & 2002 1 1 c t ent (H1t Devil H 2002 1 Case E-VI Present I & 2002 1981 e E-VI ent e 'ltJater J 2001 1981 Case c \-Ja rmes t l I t•Jate K l 19 l"'-82 c s 1 /1 0 ent l 7 1 /l LIST OF EXHIBITS (continued) ICECAL SIMULATION RESULTS Devil Canyon Intake Wataru:t Cone Px:oject Energy \~eat her Flow Operating Intake Valve Demand Desi..g:n -- Watana 2001 1971-72 Case c Warmest 1800/1770 Present Only Water N 200ll 1971-72 Cas-e c Warmest 1800/1500 Present Only Water 0 2001 1971-72 Case C Warmest 1636/1470 Present Water p & 2002 1981-82 Case (" Warmest 1800/1770 Present "" Canyon Q t.Jata.na & 2002 1981-82 Case C Warmest Present High \~ater & 2002 =82 c t 1800/1770 Canyon Devil Energy FJc'W Demand -~_..,... ... """""_ s I l l Infl.o"~:v- Matching '1' II 2 1 I .I. 1 u 1 2002 I l9Bl Case E-VI a) c) d) e r ice simulation results are presented herein as a supplement to tl-tose the '"Instream Ice Simulation St:ttdyn (Harza-Ebasco 1984b) ~ · The simulations are intended to evaluate the sensi.tivity of Susitna ice. pr~ocesses to the following parameters: C VISe E-VI instream flow requirements operating policies for multi-level power intakes Project .. vs., '"License Applicaton Project"" of river ice simulations following conclusions: ice f significant ternat1 cies cons ive in reducing river s ts t t t r n consi redll an int t on 16 6 fte s expe te o be most e ectiv in r ive t 4Q An alternative high cone v~"'ue (elevation 1425) at Devil Canyon h~s no significant effect on exp~ct.:ed river ice conditions relative to the elevation 990 cone valve. So Stage I and Stage II of the uStaged Projectn are expected to result grea.ter ice front extent and greater potential io1; overto- ppings :relative to the License Application Project" Stage III cted to be simi to the completed License Application Project with to river ice. leO INTRODUCTION pre~ents the results of river ice simulations for the middle rea of the Sus!tna Riv~r (ioe~, downstream of th~ proposed Susitna Hy~roelectri(; Project and upstream of the Chulitna River confluence -see e 1).. These ver ice simulations are provided as a suppl*ament to ;..he p~tblished .. Instream Ice Simulation Study·• (Harza-Ebasct:> 1~84b) and are int to evaluate the sens ty Sucitna River ice processes to several beyond the scope of the original report. In particular~ present report considers the effects on river ice of alternative ~nstream requlrements~ alternative designs for the proposed multi-level r at Dam, alternative operating policies for the powe1r intakes at Canyon and alternative intake elevations foJr the Devil outlet works~ Tne scope of these river ice in Table 1 and details of these alternatives are ter 2e In addition, thic report considers the river ice construction" of the Susitna Hydroe ctric Project as an alternative to the .. e Application The taged Pro .as The 19 in construction of a lot.~er Wa.tana that the fo 1 river ice Ice fi.cal ions herein is identi- t ( 1 za-·Ebasco ) is sult i model For a more complete description of the background, methodology, capabilities and limitations of the river ice modeling process, it is recommended that the reader review the previously published reports (Harza-Ebasco 1984a, Hayza- Ebasf"o 1984b) before iJroceeding with th~ present reporto OF RIVER ICE er temperatures within the proposed Watana and Devil Cartyon reser- voirs will vary with time and with depth.. The multi-level intake structures proposed for the Wata.na and Devil Canyon reservoirs are therefore intended to provide some degree of control over tl1te reservoir release temperatures discharged to the river through the powerhouse .. ternative policies considered herein for operat the power lude Uinflow-matchingU "warmest water" IOlowest port"e yea int parti The "inflow-matching" policy, whi was assumed for the Simulation Study"' (Harza-Ebasco 1984b)~ a t to match reservoir release temperatures of flow entering the reservoiro effect, ................ &·P.,·· results in winter release of the coldest '"rater power intakesa The st water" policy represents releasing warmest water to the power t water" poli es $! e 11 vary with the ng reservoir levels and t iles, The ·· owest port·· operat policy means t t the lowest the i-level power be ope of water temperaturesQ river ice e three ternative cies are on a + Devil Canyon op rati g e rements (see ct and 2 ve te air 2o2 Alternative Instream Flow Requirements 2 .. 3 River ice simulations based on the .. Case C" and .. Case E-VI .. alternative inst1ream flow requirements are compared in this reports The ··case C" instream flow requirement (Figure 2) is proposed in the Susitna Hydroelectric Project License Application (Alaska Power Authority, 1983) is assumed for the "Instream Ice Simulation Study .. (Harza-Ebasco 1 4b)& The .. Case E-Vlu flow requirement (Figure 2) represents a re~commended refinement of "Case C" as described in the report uEvaluation of Alternative E'low Pequirements'" (Harza-gbasco 1984c). C arisons of river ice simulations for '"Cas : c·· and --case E-VI" are based. on both "inflow-matching" and ··warmest water" operating policies (Section 2el)~ Watana and Watana + Devil Canyon project stages, the 1 i·-82 weather conditions (an average winter in terms of mean air temperatures)" Figure 3 shows a comparison of the simulat Case C Case E-VI flow rates released from Watana reservoir for Watana a lorte th 2001 energy demand and the 19 1-82 weather conditionso 4 shows corresponding flows released from Devil th the 2002 energy demande reservoir River ice simulations are provided for several alternative designs the 1~-Jatana multi-level power int structure as detailed in Table 2w The resent desi in re 5 corresponds to proposed in Susitna Hydroelectric Project License plication ( aska Power thority, 1983) and inc des int pots ate ions 215lj) 2114, 7 ft~ with an app oa 1 at elevation 20 5 fta nstream Ice Simulation 1 84b), powe in desl conside d rei cover development down~tream relative to that with the ~tpresent design" a Comparisons of ri.ver ice simulations for the alternative power intake designs are based on the GOwarmest water'" operatlng policy (Section 2ol)~ "Case Cu flow requirements (Section 2q2), Watana and Watana +Devil Canyon operating and the 1971-72 and 1981-82 weather conditions!! 2.,4 Alternative Designs for Devil Canyon Cone Valve Intakes River ice simulations are included for two alternative designs for the to the Devil Canyon cone valves o The "present design: .. provides the con1e valve· intake at elevation 990 ft., MSL and was used for the ream Ice Simulation Study .. (Harza-Ebascop 1984b)., An alternative ·mhigh l~evelu cone valve intake at elevation 1425 ft" MSJ[., was later for the purpose of improving summer release temperatureso River ice results for the ··present design.. and '"high level'" cone valves are herein on the basis of the .. warmest water"' powe intake operat policy (Se:ction 2.1), '"Case C .. flow requirements (Section 2<l2)» .. present .. and Elev .. 1800 Watana power intake designs (Section 2o3) and average 1981-82 winter weather conditions" The Susitna Hydroelectric reject as presented in t License cation (Alaska Power 198 3) \•.rould be cons ruct in two eso Watana to its full (normal ~~xi- mum 2185 feet MSL) for ion in 1996 and Devil :ls cu s comp previous Applic on Project s 1 mu l a t :l o rt s trtt t:lon" 11S vlou.ld i operation in in his repo 2G The river ice ons L:tc nse ba d I ad ition~ s report n OllS Susitna Dam ( the e ct f n lte roelectric maxi mum 0 v c:; l1 t iver ice th this 20 o ,:)pe 2002 (Stage II) and finally the raising of Wat:ana to tes full (normal maximum pool elevation 2185 feet MSL) for operation in 2008 (Stage III)o The 'QStaged Project .. , when co~pleted, would there~ore equivalent to the 11License Application Project .. but would be completed at later dat:eo ice simulations for Stage I and Stage II '· the "Staged Project"' are included in this report for comparison with the "Lice:nse Aplication Projecte ·· Comparisons are bas~d on the 1981-82 weather conditions (ave in terms of mean winter air temperatures) 11 the inflow-matching power intake operating policy a the Case E-V I ins t ream flow re.ment s e In accordance with the License Applicatio~n, simulations Devil Canyon included a. maximum drawdown of 50 feet a 2-level power intake (port elevations 1425 and 1375 feet HSL)a In an effort to improve summer release temperatures Devil Canyon during Stage II, an lternative 9 foot maximum and an alternative 3-level intake (port elevations 1425, 1400 and 1375 feet MSL) were also consi. redo ice simulations for these alternatives are therefore also included in this _report& The supplementary river ice simulation results are presented in Exhibits A through V 3 These exhibits are presented in the same for mat as those of the .. Instt·eam Ice Simulation Study"' (Harza-Ebasco~ 1984b) and include the following plotted informati-on: lo Profile of maximum river stages which occurred during the simulation period and the corresponding ice cover thickness which existed on the date of maximum stageo 2G Location of the ice front and 0°C water isotherm throughout the s 3o history of water surface elevation, ice thickness and wate rature at selected slough side channel locationsQ J ~ 6 9 sent a summa r:y the maximum simulated rive st s and s ice on the ous ves in study (see Chapter 2) .. With a similar format, 4 'b 7 and 10 summarize t maximum s ice thicknesses and _,_,_~ Tab .~ .) ' 8 1 1 show the ma.xinum ice thi nesses for the ernatives.- ive purposes, 1 1 summary ts r ce simul tions presented in tream s co ) 302el Wat:ana Op'!!'ating Alone with 2001 Ene,r_&y Demand Ri'lrer ice simulation results for the alternative power jlntake operat- ing policies for Watana operating alone (License Applic:.ation Project) are~ presented in Exhibits A through Fe A summary of th•~se results is in Tables 3, 4 and Se (Note that these exhibits and tables also consider the effects of the alternative instream flow requirements - see Section 3e3.) Review of Tables 3, 4 and S suggests that the relati.ve effects on ri,.rer ice of the alternative Watana power intake ope1rattng policies (ie.e\1! '"inflow-matching .. , '"warmest water" and ··lowest t" -see Se4:.tion 2 e 1) do not follow a simple general trend., These river ice results, however~ are consistent with the corresponding results the reservoir t rature simulations (DYRESM model) and can best be di~Jcussed in conjunction with the DYRESM results o Figures 6 ~ 7 and 8 these corresponding reservoir temperature simulation results for t alternative p r intake erati licies ed on W tan alone with 2001 6 shows that, based on Case C and 1981 vleat her co i- t ons$1 h "'lot<Iest or " opera :tng policy provi s significant wax.'iller re es ( ten an eit r flow~mat or rmest wat policies~ This is s (Tables 3, 4 5) ~J hi c h s h o\~i a xt n t .~ i f ve t: h po lat ve o s "lot<\Ye n s 1 a relat:tvely large amount of thermal energy (compared to the alterna- tive policies) which can subsequently be released in the form of warmer water the following winter.. Based on Case C flows and the 1981-82 weather conditions, it therefore appears that the "lowest portn policy is more effaetive than the other policies in 1reducing the extent of river ice deve,lopment o Environmental effects the rela~ tively cold summer releases with the nlowest port·· policy are beyond the scope of this reporte Based on the Case C flows and 1981-82 weather conditions, Tables 3~ 4 and 5 show that the "'warmest watern operating policy is not effectiv~ in reducing river ice development relative to "inflow-matching .. " In fact, simulated results of the nwarmest water" policy at some loca- tions show greater ice thicknesses and river stages than the .. inf matching" policy., These river ice results are consistent with the corresponding reservoir temperature simulation results (see Figure 6) ch sho'\Y tjl) for' Case C flows and 1981-82 weather, the t water .. policy provides winter re ases which are often cooler than those of ··inflot.J=matching" rolicy.. Although this result may unusual, it should be emphasized that these alternative power are policies o shmm in Figure 6, summer releases of the ~~warmest wateru policy are often sig- nificantly \Jarmer t ose with "inflow-matching"o The t wateru po cy may cause faster depletion of t rmal energy s orage in the reservoir and colder water available for the f winter® A compar son for t n. s po es and 1 8 ~-82 river ice I warmer than these of ":inflow-matching", but also shows warmer winter rel~eases. In this case, release of warmer water during the summer may have resulted in earlier formation of the reservoir i.ce cover which subsequently tended to insulate the reservoir from the further cooling fects of wind and air temperature0 As shown in Tables 3, 4 and 5, simulated river ice results for Case E-VI with the uwarmest wate:t·u policy show reduced ice thicknesses, river stages and ic:e front extent and fewer slough overtoppings relative to 'Qinflow-matchi.ngu ~~ ernative operating policies for Watana operating alone with 2001 demand and Case C flows are also simulated for 19171-72 weather conditionso For these conditions~ Figure 8 shows that reservoir releases with the "warmest water'" policy are warmer duri.ng the winter months than those with the .. inflow-matching"' policyo These release teruperatures are again reflected in the simulated river ice results. As shown in Tables 3!1 4 and 5~ the .. warmest water" policy (with Case C flows, 2001 energy de~1nd~ 1971-72 weather) results in reduced ice thicknesses and river stages and fewer slough overtoppings in the reach upstream of River Mile 126 relative to the "inflow-matching" ver ice s mulation results for the inf ching" and "warmest power intake operating policies for Watana and Devil Canyon operating (License plication Project) with 2002 ene are in ts H I.. results are sed on Case C and Case s 1 81 r s 3 4 5, t i r ice resu t for policy a near identical to thos th wi s rese:rvo hat t 1 es to mpe:r tur t.ionso As shown in st te i i 3e3 Alternative Instream Flow Reguirements 3~3.1 Watana Operating Alone with 2001 Energy Demand River ice simulation results for Watana operating alone w:lth the Case C and Case E-VI alternative flow requirements are presented in Exhibits A~ B, D and E. These comparisons are based on the License Application Projectj) the 1981-82 weather conditions and :2001 energy demand and consider both e'inflow-matching" and Glwarmest Wiater" intake operating policiesa Results are summarized in Tables 3, 4 and 5e discussed in Section 3.2.1 11 trends in river ice simulation results reflec.t the corresponding trends in the reservoir te:mperature simula- tion ~results o Simulated Watana reservoir release temperatures for the alternative instream flow requirements are compared in Figures 11 12o on the "'inflow-matching" policy, simulated reservoir release temperatures during the winter for Case C and Case E-VI show sig- nificant time-variation (Fi 11) but t average winter release te ratures for the two flow cases quite similarQ The cor- river ice simulations for "inflow-matching" show that Case E-VI causes slight ice thicknesses and river stages upstream of Ri v'er Mi 126 and sli t reduced ice thicknesses and river s downstream of the ice cover on r s u 1 t s l n waJ:me r Mile 126 relative to Case C The extent of ion and the occurrences same for slough overtoppings, e E-Vl., fewer sl t po River ice simulation results for the alternative fl~:>w requirements with both dams operating are presented in Exh.i bit s1 G, H and I. Comparisons of Case C and Case E-VI are based on the License Application Project, the 1981-82 weather conditions and 2002 energy demand and include "inflow-matching" and "warmest water" operating policies (II Corresponding results of the Devil Canyon reser,roir release teljtlperature simulations are shown in Figures 13 and 14 a Figures 13 and 14 show that the simulated winter releas;es from Devil Canyon reservoir for Case E-VI are generally quite similar or only sllghtly colder than those of Case Co This trend is reflected in the r r ice simulations which show generally similar ri·11er stages, ice thjlcknesses and slough overtoppings for Case C and Case E-VI flow requirements .. River ice simulation results for alternative Watana powe intake 0 Fi s (see Section 2~3) are presented in Exhibits B, F and J on Watana operating alone cense Application Project) 2 1 de 15 , Case C flows the "\t~armest water" operating policy are summarized for arison in Tab s 6~ 7 and 8 16 show s mulat reservoir for alternatives and are consisten with the trends in river ice $ on So 1 nt p 0 ver c e 1 0 nt the addition of an in.take port at elevation 1636 ftc For this alter- na,tive~ the ice cover extent is reduced by 9 miles and simulated o'.rel"'topping at sloughs 9Al) 11 p 20 and 21 is prevented, relative t:o the present intake designo Provision of a lower level intake port, however, does not necessarily result in significantly reduced river ice development. Based on the 1971-72 weather conditions, for example~ an additional intake at elevation 1880 ft .. provides no reduction in river ice extent or slough overtoppings relative to the present intake design., A lower level intake at elevation 1800 fto shows only a very slight reduction in river ice extent and prevents at most only one additional slough (Slough 21-A6) from overtopping relative to the present designc It therefore appears that the addition of lower level ports to Watana power intake may not be a dependable method for reducing tne extent of river ice development~ Also, further consideration of the alternative low intakes, particularly at elevation 1636, will require evaluation of other environmental effects (e,g .. , high turbidity~ low dissolved oxygen) associated with relsases from such gr~at ice simulation results for alternative Hatana intake designs are presented in Exhi ts G~ P, Q and R based on Watana and Devil ope rat cation Project), 2 ene demands 198 2 weather con tions~ Case C flows mest water" int e ing po cy"' se results are summarized for comparison in bles 7 Note th; comparisons are based on both resent alternat the Devil on cone valve (see i s 1 7 and l s h he correspondi rvoir emperature s lation s e 1800 :resu. in 0 re ive to the existing Watana intake designs.. For the most part_, river stages and slough overt.oppings with the lower (Elevation 1 ) :f.ntake are the same as those with the present design... 7his tr:end occurs based on both the upresent design'" and the "high level·· Devi.l Canyon cone valves. It therefore again appears that lower level power intakes for Watana may not be effective in reducing river ice developmento r ice s:lmulation results for the .. pre.aent"' and "high level · designs for the Devil Canyon cone valve intake (see Section 2. 4) are ; .. esented in Exhibits G, P, Q and Re These alternatives are based on 1981-82 weather conditions, the License Case C flows and uwarmest water" operating policy'" The are summarized for comparison in Tables 6 9 7 and Be Corresponding ts of reservoir release temperature simulations are in 19 and 20" As shown in Figures 6, 7 and 8, is no difference in river ice results between the alter;-uative Devil Canyon cona valve is true on both the native "Elo 1800'" design for the Wata.na power intakes, The simi rity of winter reservoir release eratures for the alternative Devil cone is apparent from Figures 19 and 20~ e.ct r ice ion results or Staged Canst ion sitna ts s~ T~ s I and t e I I and a. sed on thf:! 1981 2 s E--VI f r(~ q u1 anJ tb~ ting poli The Staged. p 0 ct ·ri. v e e. su s 10 and 1 1 \.J :i e ()11 p rrt> ond re temperature simulac1.ons are shown ir1 Figur.cs 21, 22, 23, and 24., Simulated flow rates released from the rest:rvoirs for the Staged Project and License Appl.~..cation Project are show-n in Figures 25 and 21& .. As shown Tables 9; 10 and 11~ expected river ice thickness1es and ice co>,t~r progression with Stage I and Stage II are generally greate:r. than those with the License Application Project.. Stage I (laM Watana) results mv approximately 3 additional miles of ice front p1rogression, higher rtver stages between 130 and &'1 137 ~ and an additttOral over- t at Slough 11, relative to high Watana (License Application) .. II ( Watana + Devil Canyon) results show 7 additi.ona.l miles of ice front progression, greater maxinrum river stages downstream of l and additional overtoppinr events at Sloughs 8A and 9 relat.i ve to the phase of the License Application Projecto For t • river ice ts l~how no jcant difference between the alternative 9 fcot 50 f oat dra\<Idown p ·)lic..L'?s at Devil Canyon Also, ther1e no parent effect on river ice due to 3-level Devil Canyon int e relative tc 2-level intake" trenrls of these river ice results are consistent wi:h the correspon reservoir ) ., TheBe results rature ral ons (Fi res 21, 22, 23 colder ~inter releases with S aged Pr e~t (Stages I an I) re at v~ to the License pli.cation Pr ect. For St e 11 1 simulated winter release tempe tures are simil r amot~g the alternative Devil po cies int des on the:: above simnl ons i.t is t st ct to r he 0 4QO CONCLUSIONS The following conclusions are based on the supplementary river ice simula- presented in this studyo 1 e !lternative Operating Policies for Watana and Devil Canyon Multi-Level Power Intakes -License~ _Application Projec.t With Wat:ana operating alone, the .. warmest water" and ulowest port .. alter- native operating policl'.!S may reduce river ice development somewhat relativE~ to that of the "inflow-matching .. policy.. Based on 1981-82 weather conditions and Case E·-VI flows, for example, the "warmest water" policy reduced the expected ice cover progression by 11 miles and prevented overtopping of sloughs , 9 and 9A relative to policy" This trendi however, does not hold for all cases and should not be counted on as a general ruleo River ice development is sensitive to wtnter reservoir release temperatures which, in turn, are influenced by the precceding summer release temperatures and the timing of the ice cover formation, among other factors., combination of Lhese factors is complex and may not fol!ow a re tern in terms of winter release Of alterna ive operating policies considered, it appears that the '"lowest port'' policy may be most effective in reducing river ce dt;;velopment" This policy, ho~..rever~ also results in the coldest summe releases which must be e luated in te ms of effect on the ummer in- tream :ronment i h Wa ana and Dev 1 anyon op r e 1 r t t to i t t., equivalent to or less than that with the Case C flowso ~'ith Wat.ana Devil Canyon operating and the 1981-82 weather conditions, the Case flows result in slightly greater expected ice front progression and jce thickn;esses, cut no significant difference in slough overtoppings rela- tive t:o Case C~~ It therefore appears that the Case E-VI instream flow requirements are generally similar to Case C with regared to river ice, 3., Alternative Designs for t-latana Multi -level Power Intake -L.icense Relative to the present design of the Watana power intake~ the addition of level intake ports wit.h Watana operating alone tends to reduce the expected ice front progression and the corresponding river sta~es near the upstream extent of the covera Based on 1971~72 weather conditions, the most significant reduction in river ice occurs for the lowest the alternative intake ports (elevo 1636 fta)~ With this alternative~ the expected ice cover progression is reduced 9 miles and overtopping of sloughs 9A, 11, 20 and 21 is prevented relative to the present power intake designo Based on 1971 2 weather conditions~ the alternative lower at elevo 1880 and 1800 are mu less fective than the e v. 1636 alternative and may not significant s overtoppings relat to existing Hith vJatana , based on the 1981 weather conditions} th6 and DE~vi 1 Canyon alternative ower level r:tver ice deve at elevg 1800 also is quite ineffective in relative to the present des It ore that except the alternative lower int des reducing 1 36 :ln ronmenta ed r ic.e alternat ve w 11 r r the very no fur uire eva bidit:y~ lntake v 636) for ide ration the elev .. of potent ive ss lved 4~ ~lternative Designs £or Devil Canyon Cone Valve Intake -Lice1nse Based on Wa.tana and Devil Canyon operating with the 2002 en1ergy demand and the 1981-82 weather conditions, the alternative high cone valve intake at elev .. 1425 has no significant effect on river ice relative to the present cone valve design at elevs 990~ lative to the .. License Application Project .. , Stages I and II of the nStaged Project" are expected to result in somewhat greater ice front progression~ greater river stages and increased slough overtopping eventso Based on the 1981-82 winter (average air temperatures)9 the additional expected ice front progression is approximately 3 I and 7 miles for Stage IIo Additional overtoppings events 1981-82 winter include Slough 11 for Stage I and Sloughs 8A and 9 for Stage II, relative to the License Application Projecte Stage III is expected to result in river ice pleted License Application Projectm to those the com- With the taged Project .. ~ addition of Devil Canyon Dam tage II) to reduce the expected ice cover extent~ river stages and s overto- relative to Watana alone (Stage I)D This trend is similar to that of the cense lication Project.,n 5~0 REFERENCES Alaska PowEar Authority, 1983 ... Susitna Hydroelectric Project, .. Application far FERC Licenses Alaska Power Authority 1984~ "Susitna Hydroelectric Project, AJLaska Power Authority Comments on the Federal Energy Regulatory Comm:tssion Draft Environme~ntal Impact Statement of May 1984, .. Appendices IV and V. Arctic Environmental Information and Data Center, 1984! "Assessment of the Effects of the Proposed Susitna Hydroelectric Project on Instream Temperature and Fishery Resources in the Watana. to Talkeetna Reach .. Draft Report fc>r Rcirza-Ebasco for Alaska Power Authoritya Karza-Ebaaco, 198~·a, ;·rnstream Ice, Calibration of Computer Model" Document No~ 1122, for Alaska Power Authority~ Harza-E co~ 1984bll .. Instream Ice Simulation Study" Final ReportTI Document " 1986 9 for Alaska Power Authori l ~ '"Evaluation of ernati\1 e Flow Requirements.'' 110 l Channel I ~. SUSITNA HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT ALTERNATIVE WATANA POWER INTAKE DESIGNS PORT ELEVATIONS IN FEET M .. S .. L .. Present Alto Alta AltQ 1850 1800/1770 1800/1500 2151 2151 2151 2151 2114 2114 2114 2114 2077 2077 2077 2077 2040 2040 2040 2040 1880 1 1800 2025 1850 1770 1500 Alt .. 163\6/1470 2.151 1964o5 2Jl4 1926 .. 5 2077 1888.5 2040 1850o5 1636 1812"5 1470 1800 THRESHOlD WINTER 19AHJ2 ELEV"b.TiON CASE E-VI w I w NOTES: 5 357 ~] [36]1 !3691 1. CJ lOCATIOiilS WHERE MAXIMUM Un!-<:no~~·n 461 453 458 458 457 459 459 456 455 456 455 RIVER STAGE OVERTOPS A 3 \Upland I 464 461 460 46G 460 461 461 468 458 459 458 KNOWN SlOUGH THRESHOLD 114.1 475 W&J 475 47S 475 [ill] l477j 475 475 476 476 ELEVATION" 115.5 1487! l487l l489j l4B9! f4a?l (4851 {4asl l4asl 2" OPERATING POLICIES FOR WATANA AND DEVIl CANYON POWER INTAKES: 115.9 1491! @@] I~ l490j [4$) ~91] WJ @fuiJ [@ @aal 487 INF lOW·MATCI-UNG 1200 b25 525 522 524 f•22 525 527 520 520 520 520 5 Unknown 553 556 552 552 546 555 556 540 548 548 548 w WARMEST WATER {574} 569 @ji] 575 568 568 571 571 l LOWEST PORT 573 @_si] lsssf 582 [5s6! 585 580 581 581 581 3. All RJVER STAGES IN FEET MSL. 582 [@ !60§.} [®2J 603 [§iQ] 601 601 4. "PRESENT DESIGN" FOR WATANA SM 607 601 601 POWER INTAKE IS ASSUMED 1.3C ~3 620 620 617 621 617 625 622 616 616 616 616 THROUGHOUT. a 632 533 628 628 636 633 627 627 627 627 5. WINTER AlA TEMPERATURES: \654) 650 650 @5ii] I&@ 650 649 649 649 1981-82 AVERAGE I 656 656 @hl 655 1355 655 655 1971-72 COLD .__~~Q _ _.J 568 668 668 67i1 674 667 %7 667 667 6 .. LICENSE APPLICATION PROJECT. 683 584 684 684 684 ~ @] 682 682 682 682 715 71:. 715 715 115 727 718 714 714 714 714 729 729 729 729 [EO fill] 728 728 ne 728 rzw 745 746 746 746 rs_ti_ 754 752 752 752 752 787 785 785 785 785 -UPSTREAM EXTENT Of ICE COVE A PROGRESSION 3 11 28 12 1 12 30 l 1 12·30 1311 136 12f) 134 123 142 1141 l24 !24 126 4 ~j 3 ''"' L'J 3 19 323 39 fJ 15 53 3 12 3 13 3 19 THRES:oiGlD WrNTER 1981~2 WINTER ~971·72 WINTER 1981-82 MilE ELEVATION CASE C flOWS CASE E-Vi CASE C CASfC CASE E-Vi w w w 367 3 3 2 3 2 5 5 2 2 3 2 3 3 2 'l 5 5 2 2 3 2 112.3 (Upland 4 3 2 2 5 5 3 2 4 3 4 3 3 2 5 5 3 3 4 3 4.82 5 4 4 3 5 5 3 2 3 NOTES: 487 6 6 6 3 5 6 4 3 4 3 OPERATtNG POLICIES FOR WATANA i2QJ) Unknown 6 3 4 2 5 l AND DEVIL CANYON POWER !NT AKES: 5 g 5 4 6 6 3 3 I JNF LOW-MATCHING 573 2 3 2 2 5 4 1 WARMEST WATER 2 2 2 4 3 l LOWEST PORT !29.3 2 2 6 2 2 ALL ICE THICKNESSES IN FEET 2 2 6 3 3. "PRESENT DESIGN" FOR 130 II WATANA POWER INTAKE IS 131 'l 3 3 3 ASSUMED THROUGHOUT 3 2 8 5 4. WINTER AIR TEMPERATURE: 557 3 2 9 7 198Hl2 AVERAGE 2 B !) 1971-72 COLD 587 5 3 5. liCENSE APPLICATION PROJECT. 3 Unl<nown 13 3 12 5 a 747 3 755 .a 7S8 WINTER 1981-82 CASE C CASEC CASE E-VI w w w 367 2 5 5 2 2 3 2 Uwanown 3 3 2 2 5 5 2 2 2 2 3 3 2 2 5 5 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 5 5 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 5 4 NOTES: 2 2 2 5 5 1. OPERATING POLICIES FOR WATANA 2 2 0 5 4 1 AND DEVIL CANYON POWER INTAKES. 4 3 0 0 1 I INFlOW-MATCHING 0 4 3 0 w WARMEST WATER 4 3 l L-OWEST PORT 2 2. ALL ICE THICKNESSES IN FEET. 4 0 4 2 3. "PRESENT DESIGN" FOR WATANA POWER INTAKE IS ASSUMED 0 4 2 THROUGHOUT. 7 0 0 0 4 2 4. WINTER AIR TEMPERATURE. 657 0 0 I) 3 2 1981-82 AVERAGE 3 Unkno~"Vn 0 3 2 1971·72 COLD 3 5. LICENSE APPLICATION PROJECT. 2 2 0 0 THRESHOlD ELEVATION 367 0 Lln!GH)Wfl 3 1141 476 115.5 ~82 p:, 9 <1J.87 120 u UnJ,wown 123.5 Unknown 573 582 604 fi UnhnoV<Jn 13113 1337 551 3 657 l\n!-oo~tm 136 687 458 458 458 459 461 459 461 460 455 455 455 45:5 461 461 460 461 464 461 464 452 458 458 458 45U I47BI 475 474 475 474 [4~71 14851 l4asl @ Hill (4921 f487l liiD 486 525 522 524 527 526 528 527 525 520 520 520 520 ~56 551 5b2 555 555 557 556 555 I 54~544 s~_f545 (574! ®51 ~u 568 568 568 568 {5B5j [®]} 581 581 581 581 @] lsool 1605] 601 601 601 601 622 624 62'1 621 620 616 616 6Hl 616 63] 628 633 635 633 633 631 627 627 627' 627 [["~ ls~j ~1 ~650 650 650 556 656 668 667 6 74 584 683 683 715 715 715 729 729 729 747 747 747 753 753 753 75./l 78/ 707 787 12 28 1? ll6 126 [s6"JI 672 l&tl 753 787 787 673 I ~~ 7Hi l73o] 747 753 787 657 668 683 715 729 747 753 787 12 6 133 45 NOTES: WHERE MAXIMUi',1 HIVF.R F f MSL 3 CASE C INSTAEAM FLOW AfOU!BEMfNTS AND "WARMEST WATHl" POWER INTAKE OPHlATING POLICY IS ASSUMED , HAOUGHOUT Li WINTER AIR Ta:MPEHATUAf 1981 AVERAGE, 1971 72 COLD 649 655 667 682 714 728 746 752 785 1 '1 !24 3·13 649 655 667 682 714 na 746 75'1. 785 1-1 122 3-9 649 655 667 682 7t4 728 746 752 7'85 5. liCENSE PPPUCA TION PROJECT 649 fi55 667 682 714 728 746 752 785 , ·1 122 .310 WATANA POWfR INTAKE DESIGN DEVIl CANYOf\1 CONE VALVE UPSTREAM EXTENT Of ICE COVER PROGRESSION 367 3 2 2 5 3 4 .5 4 5 J 5 3 3 3 5 4 3 [J 5 6 5 () fj Unknown 2 :, 9 4 5 B 3 3 4 2 /. 3 2 2 2 3 3 3 5 657 3 135.3 5 3 3 5 155 ALL RIVER STAGES IN FEET MSL. 5 7 6 6 7 13 2 2 3 5 4 J 4 3 3 4 5 5 4 4 4 11 9 9 3 2 3 2 4 3 2 5 2 7 5 2 5 4 3 5 2 8 6 3 7 5 8 (3 3 3 2 2 3 3 3 5 6 4 3 ~~OTES: 2. CASE C INSTREAM FlOW HEOUIHEMENTS AND" WARMEST W;\TER" POWEH INTAKE OPERAf!NG POLICY IS ASSUMED THROUGH. WINTEn Aln HMPERATUflE 198182 AVEBAGE 1971 n COLD 4. UCENSI-APPLICATION PROJECT WATANA POWER INTAKE OESIG;\l DltVIL CANYON CONE VAlVE 2 2 2 2 1 2 3 1 2 3 2 2 2 3 482 487 651 657 2 2 0 0 Ur.~nown 0 136.5 687 788 RIVER STAGES IN FEET MSL 0 5 <l 4 3 4 4 4 3 5 3 4 3 3 J 3 3 3 3 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 'l 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 0 0 NOTES: 2 CASE C INSlAEAM FLOW REOUitiEMENrS AND 'WARMEST WATER" POWER INTAKE OPE: AA TING POliCY IS ASSUMED l HROUGH 3 WINTER AIR TEMPEA/-HUHE l9B1 82 AVERAGE 1971 7'1 COtiJ 4 LICENSE AJ-?liGATlON PROJECT 3 2 J 3 3 1 2 0 'I 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 WATANA POWER INTAKE OEStGN DEVIL CAf\IYON CONE VALVE 17 1/29 1? 7H 1:n 4 I DEViL CM,NOf\1: IIIiA X. l'RAWDOWN POWER INTAKE IENf.HGY DEMAND nmESt·;OUl liCENSE liCENSE DEVIL CANYON: APPtiCAT:ON APPL tC/\ TWI'J MAK DRAWDOWN PROJECT PHOJECl' POWER INTAKE 367 3 3 3 3 3 3 12.0 2 3 3 6 G 0 (Upland) 2 3 6 5 416 2 3 4 4 3 4 482 3 5 3 4 4 4 .(, 3 9 4 8 6 6 0 Unf<rwwn 4 2 3 123.5 4 6 5 573 2 3 3 J 3 58:> 2 / 2 2 2 1293 604 2 2 3 2 tJnhnown I'! 2 2 2 131 4 ; 2 2 fJ 2 8 Unknow.: NOTES: 136.5 6U7 L ALL RIVER STAGES IN FEET MSL. ] Unknowr, 2. ASSUMED CONDITIONS THROUGHOUT: 1981·82 WINTER 'AVEAAGE);CASE E VI 141 F'.OW REOUIREMENTS;INHOW 2 MATCHiNG OP~Ht,Tft-~G POLICY. f44J3 188 9:~, 20 THRESHOLD EUVAl l? 3 (llp!andi 432 487 12'0 0 Unlr.nown 127 604 130 5 651 tJnknO,'•VU t3U7 140 730 Ul 741 144 8 liCEr\ISE APPLICATION 2 2 p 0 0 0 (l 11 NOTES: ALL RIVE~ STAGES IN FEET MSL. 2. ASSUMED CONDITIONS THROUGHOUT: 1981·8,2 WINTER (AVEAAGEiiCASE-EVI ftOW REOUiHEMENfS;INHO\~L MATCHING OPERATING POLICY. DAM SITES c / 01 ) . I I I --~--1------1-------· ·-: I ' .JI. ~-!--·-------·-, ______ ~-------I L\ . ' " . I I .I ~--~"7!··· -----,.. .,. -.. -- ~"-~ l - I ~--~ :;L -u··---t~· --~-. - 1 l ~~--~- ,., . t -' . . I 1 J lh F --- I il I ,' i: I ' ~ r-·-·-1------~------ ' ' t; ~ -. J ~ ,'l_ r-: ~-I ... ,....,."'"\ t:---=-::.- ~ . ... .. IIIII-.,. ..-~·--~-~k .r- , .. -. .. --"'I """ .... ~~ r----- .. JLL OEC ----- ) .• ) SEP OEC J .• w .• .• ""'f"'='" ! I ~ I ll M I ~ I I ~~ -_, __ '-----· --~ I 0 ~ I ! • "'""b .• . e c g m- I . 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