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Home My WebLink AboutAPA33054 2 75 DATE DUE RINTED IN U.S.A. r ALASKA'S ENERGY AND MINERAL POTENTIAL ARL JJIJ 75 Alaska Resources Library ~, In formation Services JUlcnor~e ,!U aska Alaska Field Operation Center U.S. Bureau of Mines Juneau , Alaska Oil and Gas Geothermal Uranium Metals Coal 62' A 00 176" Greenwich 17f!' PROPOSALS AUTHORIZED BY 180' ALASKA NATIVE CLAIMS SETTLEMENT ACT P.L. 92-203, December 18, 1973 Proposal Boundary 178' Proposa 1 flame National Park System Millions of Acres 1. Gates of the Arctic National Park 2. Kobuk Valley National Monument 3. Cape Krusenstern National Monument ~: ~~~~h~~t~~~~r'"~a~tlonal Monument 6. Harding Icefield-Kenai fjords National Monument 2 7. Lake Clark National Park. B. Mt. McKinley National Park Additions 9. Wrangell-St. Elias National Park to. Yukon-Charley National Rivers 11. Chukchi Inuruk National Reserve 2 National Wfldl He Refuge System SubTotal 12. Yukon Flats National Wildlife Refuge 13. Arct1c National Wildlife Refuge Additions 14. Koyukuk National Wildlife Refuge 15. Selawik National Wildlife Refuge 16. Coastal National Wildlife Refuge 17. Yukon Delta National Wildlife Refuge 18. Togiak National Wlldl ife Refuge 19. Noatak National Arctic Range 3 20. I1 iamna National Resource Range 3 National Forest Systerr 21. Porcupine National Forest 22. Yukon-Kuskow~i"' National Forest 23. Wrangell Mountain National Forest 24. Chugach National Forest fl.dditions National Wild and Scenic River System 4 25. Fortymile National Wild and Scenic River 26. Birch Creek National Wild River 27. Beaver Creek National Wild River 28. Unalakleet National Wild River Additions to. 1Ex1stino KatMai National "1onlP!ent SubTotal SubTotal Total B.36 1.85 0.35 0.44 1.87 0.30 2.61 3.18 8.64 1.97 2.69 ~ 3. 59 3.76 4.43 1 .40 0.07 5.16 2. 74 7. 59 2 .as .!1.59" s. so 7.30 S. SO 0.50 i8.80 IO,OU 0.32 0.20 0.20 0.10 "'lJ.B2 83.47 2Joint Administration by ~ational Park Service and Fish and Wildlife Service 3Joint A<trlinistration by Fish and Wildlife <;erYice and Bureau of Land L '1anaoe ... ent 4 rn addition, 16 Wild and Scenic ~ivers also oroposed within Parks, Refuges and Forests E t' " 0 ){ '-< 1- 7(1' 176" 17(1' 156' 154' T# G E d-l.f ,1"\"1 ~5<>L-B I 'P-5 s r 0 G I ~··· .~ .,.,. ,.,J- ISLANDS ,.,-~u4 0 0 p A c I 158' 156' 154' 152' 150' FIGURE 1.-Relative importance for oil and 0 R T OF F I G 0 G E R I N G s E A E u T I N s A ~, .,--4,. , .-ISLAN.'>S ~ = = d'Amo~ ~ A !< 0 l A -~ .. 0 0 G I c 148' 144• gas development in Alaska N UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR BUREAU OF MINES ALASKA 1975 COMPILED FROM THE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY ALASKA RECONNAISSANCE TOPOGRAPHIC SERIES. SCALE I. 250 OCO. AND OTHER OFFICIAL SOURCES 1 INCH APPROXIMATELY 80 MILES 50 100 150 MILES --""""=""""~~ 150 KILOM£T£RS DATUM IS MEAN SEA LEVEL BASE MAP ADAPTED FROM U.S. GEOlOGICAL SURVEY MAP E. 1954 EDITION U.S. BUREAU OF MINES DETERMINATION OF RELATIVE IMPORTANCE.!/ FOR OIL Alii> GAS DEVELOPMENT IN ALASKA 13 .. Very important Important Moderate to low impatance Proposed corridor system, Bureau of Land Management Province boundary POSSIBL~ PETROLEUM PROVINC~S (adapted rom USGS Builetin094) A. Heceta Island area B. keku Islands area C. Gulf of Alaska Tertiary province D. Cook Inlet Mesozoic province E. Cook Inlet Tertiary provina! F. Copper River basin G. kandik HesQzoic and Paleozoic province H. Yukon-Koyukuk Cretaceous province I. lnnoko basin J. Kobuk Cretaceous province k. Southern section of the Arctic Foothills province l. Northern section of the Arctic Foothills province M. Teshekpuk Lake section of the Arctic Coastal Plains province N. White Hills section of the Arctic Coastal Plains province 0. Nushagak basin P. Bethel basin Q. Norton basin R. Selawik basin S. Galena basin T. Ho11tna basfn U. Minchumina basin Y. Lower Tanana basin W. Middle Tanana basin X. Upper Tanana basin 'f. Yukon Flats basin NOTE: 0-Y are Cenozoic Basin Provinces .!f Importance is based upon both potential for economic viability and national or local economic or strategic need for developm~nt 134• 132' IJO' 66' I 64' 56' 54' 3 f ~.---~"~··--~u='='~''--~1,~6-· __ ~"·~·~~M~·'~'--~--------~1~=---~----~1~,~~--~7~~--~','~~-/J~w~"='~m--~'~'·~·~"~·"~"·=·~'~1~,~~------~'~'~~------~------~r-------~~----~~------~~------~------~1T~~·------~'r~-·------~'sr~--O ____ _,,~"-G-----~T-£------~"r•-·------~------~r-----~1~«r~------1~~~------~"~~-------1~~~·------~~-------'~3~~--------~''~~--------~''~~----~--~'~'·~·--~,~~--~''=~--------~1=~~------~'~'~~--------~'~'·~·--------~~--~ PR OPOSA LS AUTHORIZED BY ALASKA NATtiE CLAIMS SETILEMENT ACT ~"' UNITED STATES ... ... P.l. 92-203, December 18, 1973 Proposal Bound.,ry Proposa 1 Name National Park System 1, Gates of the Arctic National Park 2. Kobuk Valley National Monument 3. Cap e Krusens tern National Monument ~: ~~~~h~~ t ~~~~~r~a~! tlona 1 Monument 6 . Harding lcefield-Kenai Fjord s Kationa l Monument 2 7. lake Cla rk National Pa rk 8. Mt. "'cKfnley Nationa l Park Addi t ions 9. Wr an gell-St. Elias National Park 10. Yukon-Charley National Rivers 11. Chukchi ll'luruk N~!!tional Reserve 2 National Wfldl ife Refuge System 12. Yukon Flats Natio nal Wildlife Refuge Millions of Acres SubTotal 8.36 1.85 0.35 0.44 1.87 0.30 2.61 3.18 8.64 1.97 1.69 ~ 13. Arctic tlat1ona1 Wildlife Refuge Add 1tions 3.59 3. 76 4.43 1 .40 0.07 5 .16 2. 74 7.59 2.85 Jl.59 14. Koyukuk tlational Wildlife Refuge 1 5. Selawik National Wildlife Refuge 16. Coastal National Wildlife Refuge 17, ~ukon Delta National Wildlife R:efuge ~~: ~~~:~ ~:~~~~:~ ~;~~~~f:4 ~~:uje 20. Iliamna National Resou r ce Range 3 National Forest Systerr 21. Porcupine National Forest 22 . Yukon-KuskowUm National Forest 23. Wrangell Mountain ~lational Forest 24. Chugach Natio nal Forest ~dd iti ons National Wild and Scenic River System 4 SubTota 1 SubTotal 5.50 7.30 5. 50 0. so fB.1iO 25. Fortymile flat iona l Wild and Scenic River 0.32 26. Birch Creek National Wild River 0.20 27. Seaver Creek National Wild River 0.20 28. Unalakleet National Wild River 0.10 SubTotal ~ Total 83.47 Additions to : l[)l:istina KatMai National "1onl.l'1ent 2Joint Adm i nistration by "lationa l Park Serv i ce and Fi sh and Wild li fe Service 3~Qi n ~ ~9-n ~niHr.H i Q .I) !?y fi}.~ ~.rl~ ~j)g)jf~ )~ryj~~ ~.nQ §!:lr~~!:l gf ~~."!~ "'ana a e!"ent 4 In addition, 16 i,..1ild a nd Scenic Qi vers also proposed wi thin Parks, and Forests A L E DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR .A'/ BUREAU OF MINES u6~ 1 q-:rs FIGURE 2.-Relative ~·" ... ,.,.,.. NEAR ISL.Af'IDS ··"' ...... t\114 p A 15~ importance I jc G 150" for I OF G F I I I N G E: u T I A N ~ ~ ~<47' 1 SLAN!,)S I /~ IF Amchltkal • I G 148" 146. coal development In 0 G s E A s L A : ~· ~ = ~ ., A N 0 N ~ • ·\> A ~ 0 0 G 144• Alaska 13~ ALASKA 1975 COMPILED FRO M THE GEOlOGICAL SURVEY ALASKA RECONNAISSANCE TOPOGRAPHIC SERIES. SCALE I 250 001). AND OTHER OFFICIAL SOURCES 1 INCH APPROXIMATELY 80 M ILES 50 ==>'"'""""""""'""'sl50 Mll[S "'"===E,.,55ei50'===1 00e..,="'~l 50 KILOMET ER S DATUM IS MEAN SEA LEVEL BASE MAP ADAPTED FROM U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY MAP E, 1954 EDITION ----------------- U.S. BUREAU OF MINES DETERMINATION OF RELATIVE IMPORTANCE_LI FOR COAL DEVELOPMENT IN ALASKA~ A Anthracite B Bituminous C Subbituminous D Lignite D Very important Important Moderate to low importance Proposed corridor system, Bureau of Land Manage- ment _!j Importance is based upon both potential for economic viability and national or local economic or strategic need for development YMap based on Plate I "Map of Alaska, showing distribution 0f coal-bearing rocks", USGS Bulletin 1242-B 134. 13~ 130" ... ... fiJ" ~· ~· I ·,---~4-·--~'="~''~'--~'~'·~·--~G~·~='~~=·'~"--~~--------~1~~----L---~1~7~~----~'~~--~T---.~~~--~~~==~~'~'~~-------1~7~~--------~~-------7=--- PROPOS ALS f'l AUTHORIZED BY ALASKA NATIVE CLAIMS SET TLEMENT ACT ;;. ~ 66" 64• ·~ 58" 54" A P.L. 92-203, Dec ember 18, 1973 Proposa 1 Boundary Propos a 1 Na~ Mill ions of Acres National Park System 1. Gat es of the Arctic National Park 8.36 2. Kobuk Valley National Monument 1.85 3. Cape Krusenstern National Monument 0.35 4. Anlakchak Caldera National Monument 0.44 5. Katmai National Park 1 1.87 6. Harding Icefield-Kenai Fjords National Monument 2 0.30 7. lake Cla rk National Park 2.61 8. Mt. McKinley National Park Additions 3.18 9. Wrangell-St. Elias National Park 8.64 10. Yukon-Cha r ley National Rivers 1 .97 11. Chukchi Imuruk National ReserYe 2 2.69 Sub Tota 1 32."26 National Wildllfe Refuge System 12. Yukon Flats National Wildlife Refuge 13. Arctic National Wi ldlife Refuge Additions 3.59 3.76 4.43 1.40 0.07 5.16 1. 74 7.59 1.85 14. Koyukuk Nat i onal Wildlife Refuge 15. Selawik National Wildlife Refuge 16. Coastal National Wildlife Refuge 17. vukon Delta National Wildlife Refuge l~: ~~i~:~ ~:i~~~:~ ~~~~~~f~a~~:u~e 20. I1 iamna National Resource Range 3 National Forest Systell' 21. Po r cupine National Forest 22. Yukon-Kuskowkim National Forest 23. Wra ngell Mountain National Forest 24. Chugach National Forest A.dditions National Wild and Scenic River System 4 25. Fortymile National Wild and Scenic River 26. Birch Creek National Wild River 27. Beaver Creek National Wild River 28. Una lak leet National Wild River Additions to: l[xistino KatMai National "''onuMe nt SubTotal SubTotal SubTotal Tota 1 :JT:W 5 . 50 7.30 5. 50 0. 50 18.80 0.31 0.10 0.20 0.10 ~ 83.47 2Joint Administration by National Park Service and Fish and Wildlife Service .)Joint Administration bj Fish af'ld Wildlife ';ervice and Bureau of land ~anaoer-ent 4 Jn addition, 16 ~.rild and Scenic l'?i,ers also proposed within Parks, Refuges and Forests L E t" 00 ~ t. 0 '/.. 17~ 166" 9 .A l.f L6C:V /"'F-15 164" s T 0 156" 154" ,..,... ~·" NEAR ISLANDS 'i>l~~ Joiatl"~ p A 158" 156" 152" FIGURE 3.-Relative importance for 14~ 14~ 138" G E B A 0 R T A OF I I F G G B E R I N G A L. E u T I A N Q •' ,. ~ ·~ ~ c e ~ I 14~ 146• 144• geothermal development tn 136" 134" 1 3~ 12~ 126" 0 G s E A s L A N T•nac& = 'b N A ·\> G 0 14~ Alaska ~~ 50 120" 11~ ~ITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR BUREAU OF MINES ALASKA 1975 CO MPILED FROM THE GEOLOGICAL SURV£'1' ALASKA RECONNAISSANCE TOPOGRAPHIC SERIES . SC AL E I ; 250 COJ . AND OTHER OFFICIAL SOURCES 1 INCH APPROXIMATELY 80 MILES 50 100 150 MILES 50 50 100 150 KILOMETERS DATUM IS MEAN SEA LEVEL BASE MAP ADAPTED FROM U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY MAP E, 1954 EDITION U. S. BUREAU OF MINES DETERMINATION OF RELATIVE IMPORTANCEJI FOR FUTURE DEVELOPMENT OF GEOTHERMAL AREAS IN ALASKAV D ·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:·:::: ·.·.·:·:·:·:-:-:·:·:-:· Very lmportoot Moderate to low importance Geothermal potential Proposed corridor system, Bureau of Land Management J; Importance is based upon both potential for economic viability and national or local economic or strategic need for dewlopment y Adopted from infO!'TnOtion supplied to the Resource Planning Team, Federal-State Land Use Planning Commission 13~ 130" 66" ... I 62" 60" 56" 54" --~ I ~,_--~1~,·~·----~~----~1'~··--~G~~~·~,M~·,~·--~~--------~1~~~--_j----~~----~'~~~~1~,6~·---w~·~··~~~~1!''~·~c~'~"~"M~·~,·~~1'~~~------~1~,~~------~~~------~~------~~-------7=-------~~------~~------~17~~·------~1TM~·------~~------~or --------~~-------~~-------~r-------~r-------~=-------~1~,~~------~=-------~~--------~c_ ______ ~,Mr~--------~'~'~~--------~1 ~~--------~12~,~·--~~~----~1~,~~--------~1~~~--------~11~~~--------~1='~~----------~~--__,~ ~ T'1 G I AUTHORIZED BY fV ... 6~ A ALASKA NATIVE CLAIMS SETTLEMENT ACT ".., P.L. 92·203, December 18, 1973 Proposa 1 Boundary Proposa 1 tlame National Park Sys tem Millions of Acres 1. Gates of the Arctic National Park 2. Kobuk Valley National Monument 3. Cape Krusenstern National Monument ~: ~~:~h:;t;~~~~r;a~tlonal Monument 6. Harding Icefield-Kenai fjords National "'onument 2 7. Lake Clark National Park 8. Mt. McKinley National Pa rk Add it ions 9. Wrangell-St. Elias National Park 10. Yukon-Cha r ley Nationa l Rivers 11. Chukchi Imu ru k Na t io nal Reserve SubTotlll Nlltionll1 Wild life Refuge Systen 12. Yukon Flats National Wildlife Refuge 13. Arctic Nat1onal Wildlife Refuge Addit io ns 14. Koyukuk National Wildlife Refuge 15. Se lawik National Wildlife Re fuge 16. Coastal National Wildlife Refuge 17. Yuko n Delta National Wildlife Refuge 18 . Togiak National Wildlife Refuge 19. Noatak Nationa l Arctic Range 3 20. Iliamna National Resou r ce Range National Forest SystE!fl' 21. Porcupine National Fore st 22. Yukon-Kuskowk in National Fo r est 23. Wrangell Mountain llational Forest 24. Chugach National Forest O..dditions ~~~~e~:! :·11g ~ng ~Een1c ~1~~~ ~ntm~ ~ 25. Fortymile National Wfld and Scenic River 26. Birch Cree k National Wild River 27. Beave r Creek National Wi ld River 28. Unalakleet National ~ild River Additions to: lEKistino Kat"'iii National "'onul'lent SubTotal SubTotal SubTotal Tota l 8.36 1.85 0.35 0.44 1.87 0.30 2.61 3.18 8.64 1. 97 2.69 Y2.26 3.59 3 . 76 4.43 1 .40 0.07 5.16 2. 74 7. 59 2.85 ~ 5 . 50 7.30 5. 50 0.50 18.80 0.32 0.2() 0.20 0.10 ~ 83.47 2Joil"lt Adninistration by National Park Service and Fish an d Wi ld life Service 3Joint Ad'ninistration by Fish al'ld Wildl ife Se rv ice and Bureau of Land L "1anaaeT"ent 4 In add ition, 16 Wild and Scenic Q.ivers also proposed within Parks, Refuges and Forests E 0 X .A Lf uStL- JCJ-:J-5 s T 0 .,... 158' 1~' 1M' FIG URE 4 .-Mineral potential 0 R T A OF G G I F I ~~p· I N G . .~ A t-IEAR ISLANDS T ,.,~u 4 I N 0 ~·~~""' § p ! A c lp "mchl\hl • I "' I c 15~ 150' 148' 144• reg tons and historical mintng regions UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE IN TE RIO R BU REA U O F MINES ALASKA 1975 COMPILED FRO M THE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY ALASKA RECONNAISSANC E TOPOGRAPHIC SER IE S. SCALE 1: 250CXXJ . AND OT HER OFFICIAL SOURCES 1 INCH APPROXIMATELY 80 MILES 50~===i~~~;i50~==~100~~~~1SO KILOMETERS DATUM IS MEAN SEA LEVEL BASE MAP ADAPTED FROM U.S. GEOlOGICAl SURVEY MAP E, 1954 EDITION MINERAL POTENTIAL REGIONS AND HISTORIC MINING REGIONS MAP by C. C. Hawley-1975 Highly favorable for metallic mi neral deposits FaYOrable for metallic mineral deposits Less favorable for Jneta111c mineral dl!pos1ts Unfavorable for metallic mi neral deposits ~undary of mfneral potential area EXPLANATION D ,.....--- ( Au-7 _) Boundary of historical mining region--named in explanation ---- :;:;:::;::::&:;:::;:;=.::;:;:;::) Proposed corr1dor system. Bureau of land Management Miltorfc Mining Regions • Copper Regions Cu·l. Kennecott 2. ~1ta11 Sound i.tnamar----- b . Latouche 3. Prince of Wales Island •Copper production, greater than $1,000,000,000 _____ •Copper production, greater than $100,000,000 D T1n Regions Sn-1. Cape Mountain-Lost Rher 2. Tofty Tin Belt • MercurY Regions Hg·l. Red 0eY1l·Sleetl!llte 2. Cinnabar Creek Gold Regions Relative Importance of Placer (P) and Lode (L) Au-1. Kame-So lo110n-Bl uff P)L 2. Port Clarence (Teller) P)L 3 . f~~~:~~n P)L 4 . P)L 5. Ko:Yuf--P)L 6. Klery Creek (Kiana) P)L 7. Ko,tukuk P)L a. cnandalar P:l B. Hughes (Hog Rher) P)L 9. Rub~-Poorman PSL 10. Cripple Creek p L 11. Tolstoi P)L 12 . Io110ko-(Ophtr) 13. ~ey-Nixon Fork Ptl 14. Moore Creek 15. Flat P)L 16 . ~a!l.:.N!ft_S!_ul.a~! P)L 17. PSL 18. C{nyon Creek p L 19. Butte Creek P)L 20. Hot S~rf ngs-Ram!;!rt P)l 21. l1ve~ood P)L 22. raTrbailkS P)L* 23. ~k :St 24 . Circle 25. Seventy Mile-Woodchopper P)L 26. Fort~1le P)L 27. lf1CharQsOn P)L 28 . 8onn1ffeld P)l* 29. Kantfshna P)L* 30. Chulitna L)P 3L Yentna P)L 32 . i1fno.t Creek L)P 33 . Val del Creek P)L 34 • Chf~tochtna P)L J5. Chi)4IICI P)L 36. Nabesna L)P 37-!!fi.i!l.ll P)L 38. Haganfta LoP 39. E. Chugach L)P 40 . West Chugach L)P 41. Ken.1i L'P 42. Nuka Bay L)P 43 . Kodiak P)L 44. ~hM.ma_gin_ll.l!.n~ LSP 45. Porcupine p L 46 . Juneau gQld belt L)f> 47. Reid Inlet L)P 48, I ~11~90f L>P 49. L>P 50. Ketchikan L> p 5L Hyder L>P *Lode potential ) placer l As soc fa ted Elements (W,Sb) (Pt) (W) (Sn,Pt) (Pt) (W,H9,Sb) (Pt) (Pt) (Sn) (W) (Pt) !A9,Pb,Sb) Cu,Ag,Sn) (Pt,So) (W) Cu,Fe (Pt) (~g .Pb,Zn,W,U) ------:· Gold production, greater than 500,000 oz. ______ • Gold production, between 100,000 and 500,000 oz. 0 G s E s L ~ "' A tl N -),' A G 0 0 134' 13~ 130' tn Alas ka ... 64' ~ 56' 54' 66" ... A 00 7'J" 176• Westof 174• Greenw ich 17'l" PROPOSALS AUTHOI<IZ ED BY ALAS!A NATIVE CLAIMS SETILEMEN T ACT P.L. 92-203, December 18, 1973 Proposa 1 Boundary Propasa 1 Name National Park System Mfllions of Acres 1. Gates of the Arctic National Perk 2. Kobuk Valley National Monument 3. Cape Kr usenstern National Monument :: ~i~~h~~t~~~~~r~a~tl onal Monument 6 . Harding I cefield -Kenai Fjords National Monument 2 7. lake Clark National Park B. "'t. McKinley National Park Additions 9. Wrangell-St. Elias Natio nal Park 10. 't'ukon-Charley National Rivers 11. Ch ukchi Imuruk National Reserve 2 National Wildlife Refu9e Systefll SubTotal 8.36 1.85 0. 35 0.44 1.87 0.30 2 .61 3 .1 8 8 .64 1.97 2.69 j"U6 12. Yukon Flats National Wildl ife Refuge 13. Arctic National Wildlife Refuge Additions 3. 59 3.76 4,43 1 .40 0 .07 5.16 2. 74 7.59 2.85 ~ 14. Koyukuk National Wildlife Refuge 15. Se law ik National Wildlife Refu9e 16 . Co astal Natio na l Wildlife Refuge 17. Yukon Delta National Wildlife Refuge 18. Togiak National Wild11fe Refuge 19 . lioatak National Arctic Range 3 20. 11 iamna National Resource Range 3 National Forest System 21. Porcupine National Forest 22. Yukon-Kuskowlim National Forest 23. Wrangell Mountain tlational Forest 24. Chugach National Forest ~dditions National Wild and Scenic River System 4 SubTotal SubTotal s. so 7.30 s. 50 Q. 50 f8.80 2S. Fortymile National Wild and Scenic River 0.32 26. Birch Creek National Wild River 0.20 27 . Beaver Creek National Wild River 0.20 28. Unalakleet National Wild River 0.10 SubTotal """'0'":82 Total 83.47 Addit ions to: l[,dstino Katnai National ~on ul"'ent 2Jo1nt AZillinistratfon by .. ational Park Service and Fish and Wildlife Service 3Jolnt AOriinistration by Fish a,d Wildlife <;ervice and Bul"eau of la nd '1a nage"'ent Srn ~88Hion, 16 WHO ana ~Cenic ~i'vers a iso crOposed wHhin Parks , dnd Forests L E. 0 J(. ~ " I) 110' 156" 154" 152" 148' 0 G E B 0 B s T I I lc I I I ~··· .• ,.. ·"" NEAR ISLANDS '"''"<:(I p A c I 158" 152" FIGURE 5. Sedimentary basins having 146" 140' 138" A oF F I G 0 G E R I N G s E A E u T I N s L A : ~ ,,p ~~1" ISl. ~· / A.M os ~ A~~ ~ ~ ~ ·i> .. 0 I G 148" 144" uran1um potential In Alaska 134" 128" 12 .. 70' ., 1> A A tl D N A 0 G 136" 122" 120" liS' UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR BUREAU OF MINES ALASKA 1975 COMPILED FROM THE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY ALASKA RECONNAISSANCE TOPOGRAPHIC SERIES. SCALE 1 . 250 CXX>. AND OTHER OFFICIAL SOURCES 1 INCH APPROXIMATELY 80 MILES 50<"====E""~~50=====''i00""'="'==3150 KILOMET[RS DATUM IS MEAN SEA LEVEL BASE MAP ADAPTED FROM U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY MAP E, 1954 EDITION SEDIMENTARY BASINS HAVING URANIUM POTENTIAL by CC Hawley-1975 Potential uranium areas Proposed corridor sys tem, Bureau of Land Manageme nt 132" - 66• 64• 62" 54" 1>0" 66" ... 54" A 00 PROPOSALS AUTHORIZED BY ALASKA NATIVE CLAIMS SETILEMENT ACT P.L. 92·203, December 18, 1973 Proposa 1 Boundary Proposal Name National Park System Millions of Acres 1 . Gates of the Arctic National Park 2. Kobuk Valley National Monument 3. Cape Krusenstern National Monument ~: ~~:!~h~t~~~~~r;1 ~t{ona1 Monument 6. Harding lcefteld-Kenaf Fjords National loton~nt 2 7. Lake Clark Nationol Park B. 11t. Mckinley National Park Additions 9. Wrangell-St. Elt'u National Park 10. Yukon-Charley National Rivers 11. Chukchi Imuruk fYtional Reserve 2 National Wildlife Refuge System SubTotal 8.36 1.85 0.35 0.44 1 .87 0.30 2.61 3.18 8,64 1.97 2.69 !DO 12. Yukon Flats National Wtldltfe Refuge 3.59 13. Arctic National Wildlife Refuge Additions 3.76 14 . Koyukuk tlational Wildlife Refuge 4 .43 lS. Sela"'1k National Wildlife Refuge 1.40 16. Coastal National W1lctl fft Refuge 0.07 17. 't'ukon Delta National W11dltfe Refuge 5.16 18 . Togiak National Wildl tfe Refuge 2 .74 1.9. Noatak National Arctic Range 3 7.59 20. Iliamna National Resource Range 3 2.85 SubTotal ~ National Forest System 21. Porcupine National Forest 22. Yukon·Kuskowkim National Forest 23. Wrangell Mountain National Forest 24, Chugach National forest ~dd1tions National Wild and Scenic River Sys tem 4 25. Fortyrni le National Wild and Scenic River 26. Birch Cr~k National Wild River 27. Beaver Creek National Wild River 28. Unalakleet National Wtld River Additions to : l[Kfst ina KHNI National lollonll"'ent SubTotal SubTotal ToUl 5.50 7.30 5. 50 0.50 18.80 0.32 0 .20 0.20 0.10 ~ 83.47 2Jofnt ACintnlstratfon by ~ational Park Ser vice and Fish and Wildlife Servi ce 3Jofn t Actnfnlstratfon by fish ar'ld Wildlife Service and Bureau of Land 4 tn~~~i~~~~ 16 Wild and Scenic ':tivers also proposed within and Forests \.. L E " ~ 0 X 166" '0 TtJ d-'1 .AL.f lt6~ 11"16 s T 0 1~ 156" d 1~ 156" 154" FIGURE 154" 15r 150" 0 G B G 17~ 174' Attu ltiiLnd ~-~~· .,.. ~·~ "' ISLANDS ~··11-U ~ p A G 17~ 174' 15~ 150" 6.-Metallogenic --~~------~~------~1·~~~------~1~~~------~1~~------~1~,·~·--------~1Jg~:_ ______ ~13~~--------~1~~--------~1~2·~·--------~1~2·~·--~7~~~--~1~2r~--------~1~~ ________ __c11~ 1~ 146" 144" I 1£ u F 0 R T s E A GVLF ALAS OF F I 0 G I 176' Ent of Greenwich 17~ 180" B E R I N G s A L E u T I A N s " l ~.,. "-tr ,~ ISJ.AN .')S ~ ~.~~ ., If • o'(:' I F ., I G 176' 17~ 180' 14~ 146' 144' prov1nces In Alaska A G 17~ West ol Greenwich E A ~ D A L A tl N A 0 G 17!1" .. ~ 1~ 138" l.Jo.IITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR BUREAU OF MINES ALASKA 1975 COMPILED FROt.l THE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY ALASKA RECO NNAISSANC f TOPOGRAPHIC S£RIES . SCALE 1 250 000. AND OTHER OffiCIAL SOURCES 1 INCH APPROXIMATELY 80 MILES 50~==~""'""'""',;;50~==~100~="'=~150 KILOMETERS MTUM IS MEAN SEA LEVEL BASE MAP ADAPTED FROM U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY MAP E, 1954 EDITION METALLOGENIC PROVINCES MAP by c c Hawley -1975 EXPLANATION 1. Provinces Associated with Specific Rock Sequences - Implied Syngenetic Affinity --"'Igneous .. , po sn-g ra-i gn Volcanic· sedimentary st-v Sedimentary Element (Mineral) Assoc. Ni,Cr,Cu,Pt-metals, asbestos, Fe,Tt Cu,Ho (Fe,Pb,Zn,Ag,Au) Sn,W (Ag,Pb,Zn,As·,U) U,Th,Rare Earths (Mo, Sn) Cu.zn.Pb (Ag.Au,Ba) Cu,S (Au,Ag) An.Pb.Bo,Cu (Ho ,Y ,Pz05• U) u,v (Cu,Ho.Se) 2 . Provinces Independent of Rock Sequences • Implied Epigenetic Aff11'J1 ty ~ert-ou ------l~::::Hg Au.Ag (W,Ho,Sb.As) (Sb,As) (Ag,Cu) Rock Assoc . Maftc-ul tramaff c complexes I ntennedt ate-act d 1 c intrusives Highly acidic Intrusives Pera 1 ka li ne-syent tic fntrusvies 1. Calc-alkaline volcanics 2. Ophfolttfc volcanics Marine sedimentary rocks, restricted basins Continental arkosic, tuff.\ceous rocks ;;:~~:~:::;~:~ Proposed corridor systt!ll, Bureau of ~and Man~gnent 136" 134' 13~ 114· ... 66" ... 54" 13!1" 17(" Entof 176" GreenwiCh l7a-180" 171J6 7(1 176" Westof 174" GrMnwiel'l 172" 17()-156" 154" 152-150-1~ ~.-~~~~~~~~~~o~~-~L-s--~~-L~~--~~~--~~~#~~~~~--~~---T~--~----T---~r----T----~--~r---~----T-0--~G-~~ AUTHOIUZEO BY 66' ... A {jo P.l. 92-203. December 18. 1973 ,A 'f Proposa 1 Boundary ALASKA NATIVE CLAIMS SET!LEMEHT ACT J L.f t ~6~ B A Proposal ru.me Millions of Acres Nat tonal Park System / ~ 1"5 1 . Gates of the Arctic National Park 2. ll'.obuk Valley National Monument 3. Cape Krusenstern PCattonal Monument ~: ~~:!~h:!t~!~~r:1 ~tlonal Monument 6. Ha.-dtng Icefield-Kenai Fjords National fltonumtnt 2 7. lake Clark Nationtl Park 8. Mt. McKinley National Park Addtttons 9. Wrangell-St. E111s National Park 10. Yukon-Charley National Rivers 11. Chukchi Imuruk National Reserve 2 SubTotal National W11dl tfe Refuge System lZ. Yukon Flats National W1ldltfe Refuge 13. Arctic Nattonal W11d11h Refuge Additions 14. koyukuk National Wildlife Refuge 15. Selawik National W11d1ife Refuge 16. CoasUl Nattonal Wildlife Refuge 17. Yukon Delta National Wildlife Refuge 18. Togiak National Wildlife Refuge 19. Noatak National A.rcttc Range 3 20. Iliamna National Resource Range 3 National Forest System 21. Porcuptnt Nati ona l Forest 22. Yukon-Kuskowkim National Forest 23. Wrangell Mounta.tn National Fo.-est 24 . Chugach National rorest 1\ddittons National Wild and Sc enic River System 4 25. Fortym11e Nlttonal Wtld and Scenic River 26. Birch Creft. National Wtld River 27 . Beaver Creek National Wild River 28. Unalakleet National Wtld River Additions to : l[,dstino Katl'll1 National "'ont,M~tent SubTOtiJl SubTotal SubTotal Tota 1 8.36 1.85 0.35 0.44 1.87 0 .30 2.61 3.18 8.64 1.97 2.69 :!r.n' 3.59 3.76 4.43 1 .40 0.07 5.16 2.74 7.59 2.85 rr:w S.IO 7.30 s. 50 D. SO i8.8lf 0.32 0 .20 0.20 0.10 "'Q.M 83.47 2Jo fnt A.dmin1st1'1tion by ~t1ona1 Park Service and rish and Wildlife Service }Join! 41tfifnii!Fitfofi 6i ff!~ ~~d W!ldlift ~mf€tllld §umu of LIM ll1anaget"ent 4 In addition. 16 Wfld and Scenic ~tvers also proposed ~o~fthfn Parks. Refuges 11nd Forests L E ~ ,.. s 0 X 17cr ~ G I 172' 174" 176" Attu la!Uld B (] ~~· ,. .... ,.,.. A L NEAR ISl.ANOS ,....,4 0 p A c I F 172' 174" 176" !58' !56' 154' !52' !50' ,..,. U F 0 R T OF F I G Ust of Gr~wich 178' 180' E R I N G 12 u T I A N -o-: ~ <f"" ~ ... 1' ISLAM')S •• ,: ""'~ AmciiL;~-i ~ I c 178' lBO' 148' 146" 144" FIGURE 7.-Summary of corridor concepts in Alaska 138" 136' ,,.. 132' 13cr 128' ., 1- 0 G A 178' West of Greenwich s E A s L A. N D "' " p R E. l A N G 1<2' 14<r 138" '" 122' 12cr 118' 116" 114" __________ ___:.:..:.._-, ... 50 l.NITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR BUREAU OF MINES ALASKA 1975 COMPILED FROM THE GEOlOGICAL SURVEY ALASKA RECONN AI SSANCE TOPOGRAPHIC SERIES SC ALE 1 250 000. AND OTHER OtFICIAL SOU RCES 1 INCH APPROXIMATELY 80 MILES 50 100 150 Mll[S ,__., 50 50 LOO 150 KILOMETERS =+E' ~ DATUM IS MEAN SEA LEVEL BASE MAP ADAPTED FROM U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY MAP E, 1954 EDITION SUMMARY OF CORRIDOR CONCEPTS 136' as Bureau ·-· ~ -· 11111111111111 = 134" compiled of Land by the Management Oil md gas pipelines Highways Railroads Coal slurry Copper slurry Navigation I winter Power ~,-~ \ J 132' no· 66' ... 62' 56' ... ALASKA•s ENERGY AND MINERAL POTENTIAL, 1975 A Situation Report by the Alaska Field Operation Center U.S. Bureau of Mines Juneau, A 1 aska nv ;pf . !PI ua:u lqt 5 ARLIS Alaska Resources Library & Information Services Anchr\''"3/!t -!::~clr-::: Table of Contents Page Introduction. 1 Acknowledgments 1 Oil and gas 2 Resource quality. . 2 Productive areas. 2 Potential areas 2 Coal. 3 Resource quality. 3 Productive areas. 3 Potential areas 3 Geothennal areas. 4 Resource quality. 4 Productive areas. 4 Potentia 1 areas 4 Metallic minerals 4 Productive areas. 4 Potential areas 5 Uranium 5 Productive areas. 5 Potential areas 5 Metallogenic provinces. 6 Corridors . 6 References. 7 i Table of Contents, Continued ILLUSTRATIONS Figure 1. Relative importance for oil and gas development in Alaska Figure 2. Relative importance for coal development in Alaska Figure 3. Relative i~portance for geothermal development in Alaska Figure 4. Mineral potential regions and historical mining regions in Alaska Figure 5. Sedimentary basins having uranium potential in Alaska Figure 6. Metallogenic provinces in Alaska Figure 7. Summary of corridor concepts in Alaska ;; ALASKA'S ENERGY AND MINERAL POTENTIAL, 1975 by Robert Bottge1! INTRODUCTION In December 1971, the U.S. Congress passed the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act (Public Law 92-203). Section 17 of that Act provides for a Joint Federal-State Land Use Planning Commission for Alaska. The Bureau of Mines Alaska Field Operation Center has worked with the Commission since its inception. The role of the Commission has been that of counselor to the Federal and State governments, the native villages, and the native regional corporations on matters of land-use planning and land selections. The Bureau of Mines has been designated to supply mineral and energy data. This report summarizes currently available data on the mineral and energy potential of Alaska as it relates to the so-called D-2 withdrawals and the transportation-corridor concepts. The so-called D-2 lands consist of 83.47 million acres of land proposed for national parks, forests, wildlife refuges and wild and scenic rivers withdrawn for study as authorized under section 17 of the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act. The Act also &uthorized the reservation of transportation corridors. This report contains seven desk-size maps. Figures 1 through 3 show areas of petroleum and natural gas, coal, and geothermal energy potential color coded to indicate the relative importance for develop- ment. The term "importance" is based upon potential economic viability, accessibility and national or local need. Map 4 shows metallic mineral areas color coded in order of potential productivity. Map 5 shows sedimentary basins considered to have potential for uranium, but data is too scanty to make any estimate of relative importance or potential productivity. Map 6 outlines the metallogenic areas upon which maps 4 and 5 are based. Map 7 shows the principal transportation corridor concepts. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The maps showing metallic minerals, sedimentary basins favorable for uranium, and the metallogenic provinces were compiled by Charles C. Hawley of C. C. Hawley and Associates, consulting geologists located in Anchorage, Alaska. An evaluation of coal potential for each coalfield !I Mining Engineer, Alaska Field Operation Center. 1 was performed by Robert Warfield, Mining Engineer, Alaska Field Operation Center, Juneau, Alaska. OIL AND GAS Resource Quality The quality of the crude oil and natural gas in Alaska is good. The basic characteristics of the crude oil that make it desirable are low sulfur content and moderate to high gravity, averaging less than 1 percent sulfur and about 29° API. The natural gas is high in methane with no sulfur. The caloric content averages over 950 Btu/cu.ft. Productive Areas There is only one area in Alaska where significant commerical production is taking place. This is the Upper Cook Inlet area which includes the Kenai Peninsula, offshore Cook Inlet and the west shore of Cook Inlet. The first well that produced commercial quantities of oil in the Cook Inlet Basin was completed in 1957. Since that time five major oilfields have been developed. Estimated reserves of recoverable oil by primary and secondary recovery methods total 2.7 billion barrels, or 36 percent of the estimated oil originally in place(~. Sixteen dry natural gasfields have been discovered in the Cook Inlet Basin area, but only five fields are being actively produced. Most of the remaining fields are one-well fields which have never been linked to transmission facilities mainly because of a lack of market. Total combined remaining reserves of all natural gasfields in the Cook Inlet Basin are estimated to be nearly 6.7 trillion cubic feet of gas (2). Several areas north of the Brooks Range have the potential for production once transmission {pipeline) facilities have been installed. Exploratory drilling on the North Slope (outside of NPR-4) was started in 1963 and ranged from the northern foothills of the Brooks Range to the Arctic Coast. The giant of Alaska and North America, the Prudhoe Bay field, was discovered in 1968. The discovery at Prudhoe Bay insti- gated a new rush of exploratory drilling that resulted in the discovery of additional gasfields and po~sibly new oilfields. Prudhoe Bay reserves are thought to be near 9.6 billion barrels of oil and 26 trillion cubic feet of gas (6). Reserves in the undeveloped fields are unknown. Potential Areas More than 20 sedimentary basins and provinces are known in Alaska. Only six have had any serious drilling; of these, two have proven produc- tion capability. Figure 1 shows the areal extent of the various basins and provinces. Color coding indicates those areas deemed to have 2 a high potential for development. Uncolored areas within a basin or province may also have oil and gas but present knowledge suggests that the likelihood is very low. COAL Resource Quality Alaskan coals are characterized by low sulfur content, large tonnages, and predominately subbituminous grades. In general, most subbituminous coals have high water and ash contents. Most of the coals are not of metallurgical grade, but potentially important deposits of coals having coking characteristics may occur on the North Slope of the Brooks Range. Productive Areas The two coalfields that have produced the greatest quantities of coal are the Matanuska field north of Anchorage and the Nenana field south of Fairbanks. From 1916 to 1969, approximately 7.5 million tons of coal were produced from the Matanuska field. Most of this was bitumi- nous coal from the Jonesville area, but some anthracite was produced in the early years. Original reserves of bituminous coals in this field totaled 137 million tons (1). Nearly all activity ceased in 1969 when the powerplants at And1orage were converted from coal to natural gas. The Nenana field came into production in 1918 and is productive today. Approximately 16.5 million tons of subbituminous coal have been produced. Annual production is about 700,000 tons (!). The principal markets are electric generating plants at Fairbanks and at the military bases near Fairbanks, and a mine-mouth electric generating plant. Original reserve estimates for this field totaled approximately 6.9 billion tons (1}. The coal-bearing formations contain a large number of coalbeds ranging in thickness from a few inches to 60 feet. Potentia 1 Areas Estimated coal resources of Alaska total 130 billion tons, roughly equivalent to 350 billion barrels of crude oil. About 85 percent of these resources are subbituminous and lignite coals, and over 90 percent occur north of the Brooks Range and west of the Colville River (l). Figure 2 shows the distribution of coal-bearing rocks in Alaska and the estimated relative importance for development. The area considered to have the greatest potential for immediate development is the Susitna field west of Anchorage. Other areas of high potential are the Matanuska field north of Anchorage and the Nenana field south of Fairbanks. The close proximity of these deposits to tidewater or rail transportation is a major factor favoring their utilization. 3 GEOTHERMAL AREAS · Resource Qua 1 i ty Most of the known hot springs in Alaska have been characterized as water dominant with relatively low temperatures and limited reservoir capacities. Those geothermal resources located in the Wrangell Mountains or along the Pacific Ocean and, in particular, the Aleutian Island chain, may be exceptions; some may contain greater quantities of hot water and may produce steam when brought to the surface. Productive Areas Geothermal hot water has been used on a small scale for space heating, bathing and growing vegetables at many places including Circle, Chena and Manley north of Fairbanks, Baranof and Tenakee in Southeastern Alaska, and at Pilgrim Springs on the Seward Peninsula north of Nome. · Potential Areas Figure 3 shows the distribution of geothermal sties in Alaska with an assessment of the relative importance for development indicated by color coding. Under the Geothermal Steam Act of 1970, 492,572 acres have been classified as known geothermal resource areas: Pilgrim Springs on the Seward Peninsula and Geyser Spring Basin and Okmok Caldera on Umnak Island in the Aleutian Island chain (7). An additional 10.8 million acres have been classified as geothermal resources provinces (L). METALLIC MINERALS Productive Areas Historically, the metallic minerals that have been most important in Alaska have been gold, copper, silver, mercury, tin and platinum. The Fairbanks and Nome regions have been the most productive of the placer gold areas, accounting for 60 percent of the 21 million ounces produced. The Juneau region produced 75 percent of Alaska•s lode gold production of 9 million ounces. The Copper River area including Prince William Sound provided 97 percent of Alaska•s total copper production of 690,000 tons. Nearly 86 percent of the State•s total came from the Kennecott mines near McCarthy. These mines also accounted for nearly one-half of Alaska•s total silver production of 20 million ounces. The primary area for mercury has been the Kuskokwim River region; for tin, the Seward Peninsula; and for platinum, Goodnews Bay. Metallic mineral production in 1975 was principally placer gold produced in many of the historic mining regions. The gold belt north of the Alaska Range was the scene of most activity. In the Nome area, 4 one dredge began operating, another was being reconditioned and plans were being made to bring in a third dredge. The Goodnews Bay Mining Company, the only primary producer of platinum in the United States, completed its 41st year of operation. Potential Areas Figure 4 shows areas in Alaska having metallic mineral potential as well as historic mining regions. Potential productivity is denoted by color coding. Historical mining regions are shown by a variety of colors, the most widespread being the gold regions shown in yellow. Mineral exploration has been increasing throughout Alaska in recent years. In 1975 the Brooks Range was the scene of the greatest activity. The Kennecott Copper Corporation has two high-grade copper deposits near Kobuk. Anaconda Copper Company, which recently bought a part interest in the Sunshine Mining Company claims located nearby, announced discovery of a potentially major high~grade copper ore body. The Bureau of Mines anounced discovery of a deposit containing barite, lead, zinc and silver 35 miles north of Noatak in the proposed Noatak National Arctic Range. To the east operators exploring the Little Squaw Mine near Chandalar reported ore containing two ounces of gold per ton. URANIUM Productive Areas The only uranium produced in Alaska was from the Kendrick Bay deposit 35 miles southwest of Ketchikan. Discovere~ in May 1955, the mine produced approximately 39,000 tons of ore averaging 1 percent U30 8 between 1957 and 1964 (5). In 1971, an additional 55,000 tons of ore were mined and shippea to a mill near Spokane, Washington for concentrating (§). Potentia 1 Areas Figure 5 depicts the sedimentary basins in the State which may have uranium potential. Information on uranium concentrations in these sedimentary basins is very scarce. Therefore, no attempt was made to rank the various basins as to their relative importance or favorabil ity for development. Sedimentary-type uranium deposits are usually formed by the dissolving of uranium from a source and its being concentrated in a host rock. In the Western United States the source rocks are generally acidic volcanics or granites and the host rocks are sandstones. The resulting mines and concentrating mills are large installations requiring ground access to supply the needs of the mining complex and accompanying town. 5 METALLOGENIC PROVINCES Figure 6 is a matallogenic province map of Alaska. This map pro- vides additional data for those readers who need detailed information that could not be shown on Figures 4 and 5. Metallogenic provinces are areas where one or more periods of metalliferous mineralization have resulted in the occurrences of certain types of minerals and mineral deposits. CORRIDORS Under the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act, the Secretary of the Interior was instructed to reserve public easement across national interest lands and Native-selected lands before issuance of patents. On October 24, 1974, the Corridor Planning Team of the Bureau of Land Management submitted a report to the Director, Bureau of Land Management, that summarized the numerous corridor concepts. The principal purpose of corridors is to transport energy. Figure 7 shows the details of the principal concepts as compiled by the Bureau of Land Management. The corridors shown on this figure also appear in outline on the preceding six figures. For some large areas natural constraints such as mountain passes limit access to a single corridor while for other areas there is opportunity to se 1 ect one of the sever a 1 concepts shown. 6 REFERENCES 1. Barnes, F. F. Coal Resources of Alaska. U.S. Geol. Survey Bull. 1242-B, 1967, 36 pp. 2. Blasko, D. P. Natural Gas Fields -Cook Inlet Basin, Alaska. BuMines Open File Rept. 35-74, 1974, 32 pp; available for consultation at the Central Library, U.S. Department of Interior, Washington, D.C.; and at Bureau of Mines offices in Juneau, Anchorage, and Fairbanks, Alaska. 3. Blasko, D. P., W. J. Wenger and J. C. Morris. Oilfields and Crude Oil Characteristics. BuMines RI 7688, 1972, p. 24. 4. Conwell, C. Coal Resource Abundant in Alaska. Fairbanks Daily News Miner. 24th Annual Progress Edition, 1974, p. A7. 5. Stephens, F. H. The Kendrick Bay Project. Western Miner, Oct. 1971, p. 152. 6. U.S. Bureau of Mines. Yearbook, vol. 1, Metals, Minerals and Fuels, for 1970, pp. 760, 836. 7. Wanek, A. Geothermal Areas by Meridians and Acreages. U.S. Geol. Survey for Alaska Land Use Planning Comm., 1973, 28 pp. Obtainable from files, Joint Federal-State Land Use Planning Comm., Anchorage, Alaska. 7