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ALASKA DEPARTMENT OF FISH AND GAME
SUSITNA HYDRO AOUA TIC STUDIES
REPORT NO.3 Part II,Chapter 11
AQUATIC HABITAT AND INSTREAM FLOW
lNVESTIGA TrONS (MA Y-OCTOBER 1983)
Edited by:
Christopher C.Estes
and
Douglas S.Vincent-Lang
Prepared for:
ALASKA POWER POWER AUTHORITY
334 W.FIFTH AVE.
ANCHORAGE.ALASKA 99501
ARLIS
Alaska Resources
Library &Informatlon ServIces
Anchorage,Alaska
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DRAFT Apri 1 30 ~1984
INVESTIGATIONS OF EULACHON SPAWNING
HABITAT IN THE LOWER SUSITNA RIVER.
1984 Report No.3,Chapt~r 11
By:Douglas Vincent-Lang
and
Isaac Queral
Alaska Department of Fish and Game
Susitna Hydro Aquatic Studies
2207 Spena rd Road
Anchorage,Alaska 99503
ARLIS
Alaska Resources
blbfftcry &,Infonnatlon ServiceS
Anchorage.Alaska
.-
.....
.-
DRAFT
.ABSTRACT
(To Be Written)
Apr;1 30,1984
DRAFT
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Apri 1 30,1984
PAGE
.-ABSTRACT ..i
TABLE OF COI~TENTS................................................i i
LIST OF FIGURES..................................................iii
LIST OF TABLES...................................................v
1.0 INTRODUCTION................................................1
-
1.1 Background ...•..•.:..........•...•.........•..........•
1.2 Objectives ....••••..•.......••........•..•.............
2.0 METH·ODS ..
1
2
4
3.0
4.0
5.0-6.0
7.0
8.0'
,~
...
2.1 Site Selection.........................................4
2.2 Field Data Collection..................................5
RESULTS.. •. . . . . . . . . . •. . •. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .••. .•.. . . . . . •. . . . . . • . 8
DISCUSSION.........•..........•••........•......•.......27
CONTRIBUTORS..........••....•..........••...........••..31
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.. . . . . . . . . . . . . •. . . . •. . . ••. . . •. . . . . . . . •. . . . . .32
LITERATURE CITED............................................33
APPENDICES........••••........•...••........••............. .A-I
i i
DRAFT
LIST OF FIGURES
.A.pril 3D,1984
-
-
.-.
,~
FIGURE
11-1
11-2
11-3
11-4
11-5
11-6
11-7
11-8
Instantaneous measurements of surface water
temperature and dissolved oxygen collected at sites
at which eulachon spawning habitat surveys were
conducted on dates field surveys were performed:
May 23-26,1983 .
Instantaneous measurements of pH and specific
conductance collected at sites at which eulachon
spawning habitat surveys were conducted on dates
field surveys were performed:May 23-26,1983 .
Means and ranges of water depths and velocities at
sites at which eulachon spawning habitat surveys
were conducted on dates field surveys were
performed:May 23-26,1983 .
Compositions of substrates at sites at which
eulachon spawning habitat surveys were conducted on
dates field surveys were performed:May 23-26,
1983 "..
Provisional mainstem discharge of the Susitna River
(USGS provisional data)at Susitna Station and
daily mean surface water temperature of the Susitna
River at RM 4.5 compared at catch per unit effort
for the gill net set at RM 5.0:(see Report #1 of
this report series)May II-June 14,1983 .
Frequency distributions of instantaneous water
depths measured at sites at which eulachon spawning
habitat surveys were conducted during 1982(A)and
1983(B).These data have been combined to form a
frequency distribution for the 1982 and 1983 data
bases (C)..
Frequency distributions of instantaneous water
velocities measured at sites at which eulachon
spawning habitat surveys were conducted during
1982(A)and 1983(B).These data were combined to
form a frequency distribution for the 1982 and 1983
data bases (C)..
Frequency distributions of instantaneous water
depths '(A)and velocities (8)obtained at the time
of eulachon spawning at the eulachon spawning study
site at RM 12.8.Ranges and means of instantaneous
water depths and velocities measured along study
transects during subsequent visits are also shown ....
iii
PAGE
11
12
14
15
16
18
19
22
DRAFT Apri 1 30,1984
FIGURES (continued)Page
11-9 Frequency distributions of instantaneous water
depths (A)and velocities (B)obtained at the time
~'"of eulachon spawning at the eulachon spawning study
site at RM 16.2.Ranges and means of instantaneous
water depths and velocities measured along study
transects during subsequent visits are also shown ....23
11-10 Frequency distributions of instantaneous water
depths (A)and velocities (B)obtained at the time.....of eulachon spawning at the eulachon spawning study
s ite at RM 23.O.Ranges and means of instantaneous
water depths and velocities measured along study
r'--transects during subsequent visits are also shown ....24
11-11 Frequency distributions of instantaneous water-depths (A)and velocities (B)obtained at the time
of eulachon spawning at the eulachon spawning study
site at RM 23.1.Ranges and means of instantaneous
water depths and velocities measured along study-transects during subsequent visits are also shown ....25
11-12 Frequency distributions of instantaneous water-depths (A)and velocities (B)obtained at the time
of eulachon spawning at the eulachon spawning study
site at RM 36.5.Ranges and means of instantaneous
r~
water depths and velocities measured along study
transects during subsequent visits are also shown ....26
~
I
iv
DRAFT
LIST OF TABLES
TABLE
Apri 1 30,1984
PAGE
.-
-
-I
-
11-1
11-2
11-3
11-4
Sites and dates at which eulachon spawning habitat
surveys were conducted:May 23-26,1983 .
Instantaneous measurements of water quality
variables collected at sites at which eulachon
spawning habitat surveys were conducted on dates
field surveys were performed:May 23-26,1983 .
Ranges,means (x),and standard deviations (s)of
instantaneous water depths and velocities at sites
at which eulachon spawning habitat surveys were
performed:May 23-26,1983 .
Eulachon spawning study sites selected for further
study ..
v
9
10
13
20
DRAFT
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background
April 30,1984
-
.-
.This chapter reports the habitat characteristics associated with
eulachon [Thaleichthys pacificus (Richardson)]spawning in the lower
Susitna River.Eulachon are an anadromous member of the smelt family.
Surveys conducted during 1982 by the Al aska Department of Fi sh and Game
(ADF&G 1983a,1983b)confirmed previous reports (Morrow 1980,Lee et.
al.1980)that this smelt utilizes the lower Susitna River basin for
spawning.These surveys included preliminary investigations of the
extent and timing of the eulachon run in the Susitna River and of the
various habitat and environmental parameters associated with the
eulachon spawning run.Results of these 1982 surveys indicated that two
runs of eulachon utilizing the Susitna River for spawning.It was also
determined that eulachon are probably the most abundant species of fish
in the Susitna River drainage with spawning occurring over a broad range
of conditions in mainstem habitats.Specific findings of the 1982
surveys are summarized in the ADF&G Phase II Basic Data Report t Volumes
2 and 4 (ADF&G 1983a t 1983b).
Post project changes associated with the development and operation of
the Susitna Hydroelectric Project may have impacts on the eulachon
spawning run entering the Susitna River and on the habitats utilized by
eulachon for spawning.Two of the major changes expected include
decreased di scharge flows and increased water temperatures duri ng the
period of the eulachon spawning run (May-June).Studies to determine
1
the re 1ati onshi p of preproj ect di scharge and temperature re 1ati onshi ps
to spawning were initiated in 1982 and continued in 1983 to enable other
project participants to evaluate post project impacts.
1.2 Objectives
Special objective of the 1983 evaluation of the eulachon spawning run in
the lower Susitna River were conducted to further:
1.Determine the extent,timing,and numbers of the spawning runs
of eulachon in the Susitna River;
-
....
-
2.
3.
4.
5.
Identify habitats uti1ized by eulachon for spawning;
Determine the habitat and environmental parameters associated
with eulachon spawning;
Monitor mainstem stage and surface water temperatures
associ ated with the timi ng,movement,and spawni n9 of
eulachon;and
Determine whether simi1ar physical habitat conditions might
exist under varied mainstem f10w regimes to support impact and
mitigation assessments by other project personnel.
....
The first and second objectives were addressed by the Adult Anadromous
Fish Studies section and results are presented in Report #1 of this
2
-
report series (Barrett,Thompson t and Wick 1984).The second through
fifth objectives were addressed by the Aquatic Habitat and Instream Flow
Studies section and results are presented below.
3
_.
2.0 METHODS
2.1 Site Selection
Dip nets and boat mounted electrofishing gear were used to identify
sites utilized by eulachon for spawning.Capture sites were not assumed
to be spawning sites unless the following criteria were met:
1.A single sampling effort at the catch site produced at least
25 eulachon;
..-
,~
2.At least one male eulachon,one pre-spawning condition female,
and either one spawning or post-spawning condition female were
captured in a single sampling effort at a catch site;and,
3.All eulachon captured at the catch site were in a vigorous
free-swimming condition.
These criteria were modifi ed from those used in the 1982 ADF&G study
(ADF&G 1983b).The basis for implementing these criteria can be found
in the ADF&G FY84 Basic Data Report,Volume 2 (ADF&G 1983a).
Twenty spawning sites,representative of the spawning sites identified,
were then selected for evaluation of utilized spawning habitat.Studies
were scheduled to coincide with the second run between 1982
investigations indicated this was the most advantageous period for
sampling.
4
2.2 Field Data Collection
To determine habitat and environmental parameters associated with
eul achon spawni ng,habitat surveys were conducted at the 20 eul achon
spawning ~ites selected for study.The procedures followed in each
habitat survey consisted of:
-1.
2.
The spawning site was assigned a sample number and the river
mile (RM),geographic code (GC)t and time and date of sampling
were determined and recorded;
A map of the site was drawn depicting the general habitat
characteristics of the site and areas of sampling and
measurements;
3.A qualitative description of the general habitat
characteristics of the site and the sampling methods and gear
used was recorded;
4.The typical substrate composition of the site was visually
determined using methods described in the Phase II Procedures
Manual (ADF&G 1982)and recorded:
5.Representative measurements of the following water qual ity
variables were collected at each site using procedures
described in the FY84 Procedures Manual (ADF&G 1982)air and
surface water temperature,pH t dissolved oxygen,and specific
conductance;
5
6.A sampling grid for the collection of water depth and veloc~ty
data was developed based on procedures described in the FY84
Procedures Manual (ADF&G 1982).
-
-
,~
"..,.
7.~~ater depth and velocity data were collected and recorded.
8.Representati ve photographs of the site were taken.(A
complete set of photographs are on file at the ADF&G Su Hydro
office,2207 Spenard Road,Anchorage,Alaska 99503).
To determine surface water temperatures associated with eulachon
spawning runs,a Peabody-Ryan model J-90 thermograph was placed along
the east bank of the Susitna River at RM 4.5.Peabody-Ryan thermographs
continuously monitor and record surface water temperatures.From these
continuous records,daily mean temperatures were calculated as the mean
of four,6-hour,point temperature readings.
To determine mainstem Susitna River discharges associated with eulachon
spawning runs,provisional discharge data (U.S.Geological Survey,USGS,
1983 provisional data)for the Susitna River at Susitna Station was
obtained from the USGS.These data were converted to mean daily
discharge readings.
A representative sub-sample of the surveyed spawning sites was chosen
for further study to determine whether similar suitable physical habitat
condi ti ons that were present at the time of spawni n9 mi ght exi st at
different mainstem discharges.At each study site selected for further
study,two representative transects were selected for streambankj
6
-
-
-I
r
streambed surveys.Headpi ns were estab1i shed at a poi nt s'uffi ci ently
-above the high water marks on each transect.These headpins were then
referenced to a benchmark (8M)with an assumed elevation of 100.00 feet.
Streambank/streambed profiles were then surveyed using the basic
techniques of differential leveling.The substrate composition along
each transect was also determined and recorded.Water surface elevation
and distance to water's edge from headpin at each transect at the time
of spawning were determined and recorded.A representative number of
water depth and velocities measurements were then obtained along each
transect and recorded.The mainstem discharge associated with these
measurements was later obtained and incorporated with these data.
Additional measurements of water surface elevation,distance to water's
edge from headpin,and water depth and velocity along each transect were
later obtained at different levels of mainstem discharge.
7
.-
-
,,-
3.0 RESULTS
Spawni ng habitat surveys were conducted at 20 sites between RM 10 and
RM 20 during the second (two eulachon runs exist in the Susitna River,
see Report #1 this report series 1983 eulachon spawning run (Table
11-1).Maps of each surveyed eulachon spawning site surveyed depicting
the general habitat characteristics of the site and areas of measurement
and sampling are presented in Appendix Figures ll-A-l abd ll-A-20.
Representative measurements of water quality (surface water temperature,
pH,specific conductance,and dissolved oxygen)collected at each
surveyed spawning site at the time of spawning are summarized in Table 2
and Figures 11-1 and 11-2.The means and ranges of instantaneous water
depths and velocities measured at the time of eulachon spawning at each
site are summarized in Table 11-3 and Figure 11-3.
i
The general
-
substrate composition observed at the time of spawning at each site is
presented in Figure 11-4.
To compare the mainstem surface water temperatures and discharges
associated with the movement patterns and timing of spawning of
eulachon,average daily surface water temperature of the mainstem
Susitna River at RM 4.5 and mean daily discharge of mainstem Susitna
River at Susitna Station (USGS 1983 provisional data)were plotted with
catch per unit effort (see Barrett,Thompson and Wi ck,1984)for the
gill net sets at high tides May 10 through June 8,1983.These data are
presented in Figure 11-5.
8
Table 11-1.Sites and dates at which eulachon spawning habitat surveys
were conducted:May 23-26,1983.
Site Ri ver Mil e Geographic Code Date Time
1 20.0 S16N07W09DDB 830523 1445
2 12.8 S15N07W12BCB 830524 0930
3 13.8 S15N07W02DAC 830524 1100-4 15.0 S16N07W35LDA 830524 1135
5 15.0 S16N07W35BDA 830524 1215
6 16.2 S16N07W26BDB 830524 1300
7 18.1 S16N07W15CCB 830524 1430
8 19.5 S16N07W16AAA 830524 1530
9 21.5 S16N07W04DBB 830524 1630
10 23.0 S17N07W33DBB 830524 1700-11 20.5 S16N07W08DCA 830525 1030
12 22.8 S17N07W32DDA 830525 1130
13 23.1 S17N07W33BCD 830525 1230
~14 24.9 S17N07W27BBD 830525 1530
15 26.2 S17N07W22ADA 830525 1600
16 26.5 S17N07W23BDD 830525 1700
17 28.0 S17N07W13BAD 830526 1000
18 30.1 S17N06W08CBD 830526 1100
19 33.4 S18N06W33ABD 830526 1130
20 36.5 S18N06W15BBA 830526 1230
F'"
9
Table 11-2.Instantaneous measurements of water quality variables collected
at sites at which eulachon spawning habitat surveys were
conducted on dates field surveys were performed:May 23-26,1983.
Specific
Water Conductance Dissolved
Site Date Temp.(OC)~(umhos)Oxygen (mg/l)
1 830523 8.1 6.6 95 10.2
2 830524 6.5 6.8 93 6.4
3 830524 6.7 6.9 93 8.1
4 830524 6.5 6.9 93 8.6
5 830524 7.5 6.8 94 8.7
6 830524 7.8 6.9 94 8.3
7 830524 7.2 6.9 94 7.3
8 830524 8.6 6.9 96 6.1
r~9 830524 9.3 6.9 99 6.1
10 830524 8.1 6.8 95 8.9
11 830525 10.8 7.2 98 10.6,-12 830525 9.3 7.0 99 10.3
13 830525 7.8 7.0 98 10.3
14 830525 9.8 7.0 101 9.4
15 830525 8.0 6.7 102 5.9
16 830525 9.5 6.8 102 6.5
17 830526 8.6 7.2 103 11.3
18 830526 8.6 7.2 103 10.8
r-19 830526 9.1 6.8 108 6.2
20 830526 8.8 7.1 103 10.1
~mean:8.3 6.9 98 8.5
range:6.5-10.8 6.7-7.2 93-108 5.9-11.3
--.
-
10
..-
••••
•
••••
RANGE:6.5-10.8
i:8.3
5:I.I
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t-.....--mea n --:---.-=;,.--'1i.r----------..:.!L~.~-....:.=---
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uu
ct!"
Ll.LIJ 10
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cnl-8cten0::
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00.6LL1:E
ZLrJ«I-
1-0:4
ZLrJ«I-1-«en3 2
Z-0
2 :3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 II 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
SAMPLING SITE NUMBER
12-"'-•••01 t.O •••e •-•
Z ••ILl
C)8
mean
>-~
X
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6 ••
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UJ
>4...J
0enen-2 RANGE:5.9 -II.30i:8.5
s:1.8
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2 3 4 5 6 7
8 9 10 II 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
SAMPLING SITE NUMBER
..-
I
,.,...
!
I
r
-
1\-1 Instantaneous measurements of surface water
temperature and dissolved oxygen collected at sites
at which eulachon spawning habitat surveys were
conducted on dates field surveys were performed:
May 23-26,1983.
,....,
8
6
4
•
• ••••••........"..........._L-_......._~......~-.-_-...:::....-...:...--.;;,,__..mea n -.....---
2 RANGE:6.6-7.2
i':6.9
O......-r_,.s_:""T0_.2~_,......,-~_,....."T---r_,.....,..-.,_..............._.........-._...
-E 120
u......oE 100
::s-
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 II 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
SAMPLING SITE NUMBER
• • • ••••1---.----------.......-.----.----.--4Il--~-mea n ----•••••••
-
LU
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Z
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80
60
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20 RANGE:93-104
i:98
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2 :3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
SAMPLING SITE NUMBER
-
I 1-2 Instantaneous measurements of pH and specific
conductance collected at sites at which eulachon
spawning habitat surveys were conducted on dates
field surveys were performed:May 23-26,1983.
Table 11-3.Ranges,means (x),and standard deviations (s)of
instantaneous water depths and velocities at sites at which
spawning at habitat surveys were conducted on dates field
surveys were performed:May 23-26,1983.
~Mainstem 1
Discharge
Site Date (cfs)Range x s Range x s----,~
1 830523 66,000 0.5-2.3 1.3 0.6 0.8-2.5 1.6 0.5
2 830525 62,000 0.8-3.8 2.5 0.9 0.1-1.1 0.7 0.3
~3 830524 64,000 1.1-4.0 2.3 1.0 0.1-1.9 1.0 0.5
4 830524 64,000 0.7-3.9 2.3 1.1 0.8-2.0 1.4 0.5
5 830524 64,000 0.6-3.8 2.2 1.1 0.2-2.0 1.2 0.6
6 830524 64,000 0.8-3.4 2.1 0.9 0.2-2.1 1.2 0.6
~7 830524 64,000 1.1-3.8 2.6 0.8 0.8-2.2 1.4 0.3
8 830524 64,000 0.4-3.6 1.7 0.9 0.0-2-3 1.2 0.7
9 830524 64,000 0.6-2.9 1.5 0.7 0.4-2.3 1.4 0.6
10 830524 64,000 0.5-4.5 1.8 1.0 0.5-2.6 1.3 0.8
11 830525 62,000 0.7-2.9 1.7 0.6 0.6-1.5 1.1,0.2
12 830525 62,000 0.3-1.9 1.0 0.4 0.1-3.5 1.6 1.0
rOl~12 830525 62,000 0.6-3.9 2.3 1.1 0.1-2.9 2.0 0.8
14 830525 62,000 0.5-2.7 1.6 0.7 0.6-3.2 2.1 0.9
15 830525 62,000 0.6-4.4 2.1 1.2 0.0-2.5 1.7 0.6
16 830525 62,000 1.1-4.1 2.7 1.1 0.4-1.7 1.1 0.4
17 830526 64,000 0.5-2.8 1.5 0.6 0.1-2.7 1.5 0.7
18 830526 64,000 1.3-4.0 2.6 0.9 0.1-2.3 0.81 0.6
19 830526 64,000 0.6-3.0 1.7 0.8 0.4-2.6 1.4 0.6
,~20 830526 64,000 0.5-3.9 2.3 1.2 0.4-3.4 2.4 0.9
Overa 11 range:0.3-4.5 1.0-2.7 0.0-3.4 0.7-2.4
1 mean daily mainstem discharge at the USGS Susitna Station gaging station
(USGS,provisional data)
-
13
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5
~--~4
f I
:I:....
0.3
ILl
0
a:2
ILltt 1
~
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2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 II 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
SAMPLING SITE NUMBER
..~
.-.
~5........£4
'>-
I ~t t ttl tit II tIt 1111
~0
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 II 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
SAMPLING SITE NUMBER
ir i \~3 Means and ranges of water depths and velocities at
sites at which eulachon spawning habitat surveys
were conducted on dates field surveys were
performed:May 23-26.1983.
....
-
RU
SI-SILT
SA-SAND
GR-GRAVEL
RU-RUBBLE
.,,"-11·4 Compositions of substrates at sites at which
eulachon spawning habitat surveys were conducted on
dates field surveys were performed:May 23-26,
1983 ..
1 j )J I ]J )J 1 )1 i )
o-f i -iii Iii iii iii ,Iii iii iii , ,'n ,iii iii i I
10 15 20 25 30 5 10 15
I...MAY --,..JUNE .1
1983
50
1!50,15,........Temperature
11-II Discha rge-1 .........CPUE(,)-0
C/)-lL laJ
(,)a::
...,100 ~10,0 «-a::
laJ laJ
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.'j 1-5 Provisional mainstem discharge of the Susitna River
(USGS provisional data)at Susitna Station and
daily mean surface water temperature of the Susitna
River at RM 4.5 compared at catch per unit effort
for the gill net set at RM 5.0:(see Report #1 of
this report series)May II-June 14,1983.
-
To determine water depths and velocities utilized and preferred for spawning,
frequency distributions of measured instantaneous water depths and velocities
were constructed.Frequency distributions of instantaneous water depths
measured at sites at which spawning habitat surveys were conducted during
1983 are compared to those developed from 1982 data (ADF&G 1983b)in Figures
11-6a and 11-6b.The 1982 and 1983 data were combined to form an overall
data base for the years 1982 through 1983 in Figure·11-6c.Frequency
distributions of instantaneous water velocities measured at sites at which
spawning habitat surveys were conducted during 1983 are compared to those
developed from 1982 data (ADF&G 1983b)in Figure 11-7a and I1-7b.The 1982
and 1983 data were combined to form an overall data base for the years 1982
through 1983 in Figure 1I-7c.
A representati ve sub-sampl e of the surveyed eul achon spawni ng sites were
chosen for further study (Table 11-4)to determine whether physical habitat
conditions similar to those that were present at the time of eulachon
spawning might exist under different mainstem flow conditions.At each of
these sites,survey data were co 11 ected along two study transects to develop
streambank/streambed profiles.These profiles are presented in Appendix
Figures I1-A-21 through ll-A-26.Water surface elevations were obtained on
each transect when spawning occurred and during subsequent visits to
determine the effect of different mainstem discharge levels on water surface
levels at each cross section.These data are provided as insert tables in
each appendix figure.Measurements of instantaneous water depths and
velocities were also obtained at the time of eulachon spawning at each study
site selected for further study.Frequency distributions of these
instantaneous water depths and velocities obtained at the time of spawning at
17
-
0~~::::.:::L.:~4~~~~~~~::ZZ::Z~~
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0
WATER DEPTHlftl
;'i!'-~30
1982 DATA
)-
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z
l&J
:l 20
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l&Ja:u.
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l&J 10
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Q.
0
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0
WATER DEPTH 1ft 1
30
1983 DATA
)-n =465
uz
W 20:l
0
l&J
F'"a::
LL
~
Z
ILl 10
Ua::
ILl
Q.
0-0.0 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0
WATER DEPTH 1ft 1
30
1982 B 1983 DATA
)-
'-'n =804
z..-W
:l 20
0
ILl
a:
LL
~
Z
W 10
Ua::
ILl
Q.
Frequency distributions of instantaneous water
depths measured at sites at which eulachon spawning
habitat surveys were conducted during 1982(A)and
1983(8).These data have been combined to form a
frequency distribution for the 1982 and 1983 data
bases (C).
20-
30
>-u
Z
i&J
:Jo
i&Jcr
IJ....
Z
i&J 10
Ua::
i&J
Il.
1982 DATA
n -339
1.0 I.~2.0 2.~3.0 3.~4.0
WATER VELOCITY(ft/sec)
30
>-u
Z
i&J:J 20
o
i&Ja::
u..
f-
Z
W 10
(,)
crwc..
1983 DATA
n -465
1.5 2.0 2.~3·0 3.~4.0
WATER VELOCITY(ft/sec)
1982 a 1983 DATA
n -S04
0.~1.0 l.~2.0 2.~3.0 3.~4.0
WATER VELOCITY (ft/sec)
30
>-(,)
Z
LlJ
:J 20o
LlJcru.....z
~10--<-__r
cr
LlJ
Il.
"""
Frequency distributions of instantaneous water
velocities measured at sites at which eulachon
spawning habitat surveys were conducted during
1982(A)and 1983(B).These data were combined to
form a frequency d.istribution for the 1982 and 1983
data bases (C).
Table 11-4.Eulachon spawning study sites selected for further study.
Site River Mile Geographic Code
..-2 12.8 S15N07W12BCB
6 16.2 S16N07W26BDB
10 23.0 S17N07W33DBB
Ill1!Sllfl 13 23.1 S17N07W33BCD
20 36.5 S18N06W15BBA
~"
....
..."
,.""
......
.....
20
30 1----.~---_11A
1---...----11 B
TRANSECT DATA
A-OCT.7,l~a3
g-SEPT.7,I ~a3
c-.sUNE 15,1~a3
0-.sUNE -I,l~a3
r-Rallge--,
I •'
'Mean
t------•.-----~I C
t-----~---.------~I D
10
~20
z
I£J
;:)
o
I£J
a:
IL
0,.,
0.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0
(0 )WATER DEPTH (feet),n =22
,ro~
•IA
•18
60 •IC-I D
..0
>-0,...,Z
I£J
;:)
0
I£J 30a:
IL
~
20
F
1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0
o-+'"""'..,.."""""+~f."+--_r-____r-~.._-__
(b)0.0 0.5 1.0
WATER VELOCITY (ft/"c),n=22
~,
I ,'e.....Frequency distributions of:instantaneous water
depths (A)and velocities (B)obtained at the time
of eulachon spawning at the eulachon spawning study
site at RM 12.8.Ranges and means of instantaneous
water depths and velocities measured along study
transects during subsequent visits are also shown.
-,._--------~._---,-------------
~)J.-
TRANSECT DATA
A-OCT.7,1••3
B-SEPT.7,'••3
C-JUNE Ill,I983
D-JUNE 1,1983
r-RaRl~.-,
I • I
'Mean
0
(0)0.0 0.5 1.0 I.ll 2.0 2.ll 3.0 3.ll 4.0 4.ll ll.O
WATER DEPTH (feet),,,=22
"...
60 .A
B
C
D
~
0 40z
kI
::::l
0
kIa:u.
F'"~200
O-J-"""',+,rI.J,,;'"4'I./aI.""¥-"""',,+,"""',+-..,...-...,..--,
(b)0.0 0.!5 \.0 1.!5 2.0 2.!5 3.0 3.!5 4.0
WATER VELOCITY (ft/uc),n=22
Frequency distributions of instantaneous water
depths (A)and velocities (B)obtained at the time
of eulachon spawning at the eulachon spawning study
site at RM 16.2.Ranges and means of instantaneous
water depths and velocities measured along study
transects during subsequent visits are also shown.
,~
......
TRANSECT DATA
A-OCT.7.1.IS
B-~EPT.7."IS
C-,jUNE 1l!.I1tIS
D-~UNE I.Ins
r-Ronge-...,
I •'
Mean1----------;1 B1--....1----11 C
1-----8-----;1 A
40
0
(0)0.0 0.1I 1.0 1.1I 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.1I 4.0 4.1I !l.0
WATER DEPTH (fut),n"27
•IA-!•18
40 Ie
10
>-0
Z
ILl
Ja 20
ILl
"""'a:
II.
~0
0
(b)0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.11 3.0 3.1I 4.0·
WATER VELOCITy{ft/"c}t n .27
""'"
30
.~>-
0
Z
ILl
Ja 20·
ILla:
II.
~0
10
~r ~.~...,\}l'C"Frequency distributions of instantaneous water
depths (A)and velocities (B)obtained at the time
of eulachon spawning at the eulachon spawning study
site at RM 23.0.Ranges and means of instantaneous
water depths and velocities measured along study
transects during subsequent visits are also shown.
-
1------41------11A
1------.....'------11 8
1------...---------11 c
TRANSECT DATA
A -,OCT.7,1983
B·SEPT.71 1983
C-JUNE '1:),1 ••3
D-JUNE I,'••3
,-Ronge --,
I • I
"'Mean
1------------------110
30
0-(a)0.0 O.ll 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0
WATER DEPTH (f ••t),n =33
,~60 •IA
•18
•IC
•10~
>-400
Z
\1,1
:;)
0
\1,1
a:::
IL.
~20
~>-
0 20
Z
\1,1
:;)
0
\1,1
c::
IL.
~10
1.0 us 2.0 2.11 3.0 3.5 4.0
o-f'o"-'-'~.....i.J.J."""'''-'-''+'_'.....''+'~'''_'f....''-'-''t--..,...-...,
(b)0.0 0.5
WATER VELOCITY (ft/tee),n.33
-r.t-#','1(:'-11 -11 Frequency distributions of instantaneous water
depths (A)and velocities (6)obtained at the time
of eulachon spawning at the eulachon spawning study
site at RM 23.1.Ranges and means of instantaneous
water depths and velocities measured along study
transects during subsequent visits are also shown.
24
TRANSECT DATA
A~OCT.T,11113
B-SEPT.T,llt85
O·,JUNE liS,I•••o ,JUNE I,11t85
,--Ran\le--,
I -I
'Mean
t-----------~IA
1---------4_-.------l1 B
1-------.------11 C
30
10fIl.
>-o 20
Z
la.I
~a
la.I
0:
~
0
(0)0.0 4.0 4.5
WATER DEPTH (feet),n=·21
"""
60 •IA
I -I B
I -Ie
>-
0 40
Z....
~a....
0:
~
20
fIl.
r"
I
I
I
(b)2.5 3.0 5.!!4.0
WATER VELOCITY (ft/uc),n=21
1)·-12 Frequency distributions of instantaneous water
depths (A)and velocities (8)obtained at the time
of eulachon spawning at the eulachon spawning study
site at RM 36.5.Ranges and means of instantaneous
water depths and velocities measured along study
transects during subsequent visits are also shown.
--
,~
-
-
these sites are presented in Figures 11-8 through 11-12.Additional
instantaneous water depth and velocity measurements were collected along
study transects during subsequent samplings at different mainstem
discharge levels.Ranges and means of instantaneous water depths and
velocities obtained during subsequent samplings are also presented on
Figures 11-8 through 11-12.
26
,....
,......
,....
I
r
-
4.0 DISCUSSION
Based on 1982 (ADF&G 1983a)and 1983 (Report #1 of this report series)catch
data at gi 11 net sets in the ti da 11y i nfl uenced zone of the mouth of the
Susitna River,eulachon begin their spawning migration into the Susitna River
during early to mid May.The earliest capture of eulachon during 1982 and
1983 occurred on May 16 and May 11,respectively.Because both these dates
correspond to the first sampling effort for each year,the actual dates of
the·beginning of the spawning migration actually precede these dates.
Earlier sampling both years was precluded due to river ice conditions.
The 1982 and 1983 catch data also show that two runs of eulachon,use the
Susitna River for spawning.During both years,the second or later run was
larger than the first or earlier run.During 1982,the first run occurred
from approximately May 16 to May 30 with the second run occurring from June 1
r
r
to June 8.This compares with 1983 data which shows the two runs occurring
earlier,with the first run 1asting from approximately May 10 to May 18 and
the second from May 19 to June 6.The reason for the di fferences in the
timing of the runs between 1982 and 1983 may be linked to the surface water
temperature of the mainstem Susitna River.During 1983,the surface water
temperature of the mainstem warmed faster than it did during 1982.For
example,the surface water temperature of the mainstem did not reach 6°C
until May 29 in 1982 while in 1983 it reached 6°C on May 21.However,there
appears to be no definite correlation between the timing of the eulachon
spawning runs entering the Susitna River with either mainstem discharge or
surface water temperature (Figure 11-5).
27
.....
-
Duri ng 1983,eu 1achon were observed from the mouth of the Sus itna Ri ver
(RM 0)to a point upstream on the east channel of the Susitna River.to
RM 50.3.This compares to 1982 findings which showed an upstream limit of
migration to RM 49.5 (ADF&G 1983a).
Eulachon utilized the majority of the mainstem Susitna River and its
associated side channels for passage and spawning during both 1982 and 1983.
However,as in 1982,eulachon did not utilize the clear water tributaries
upstream of the confluence zones for either passage of spawning.The reasons
for this are presently unknown,however,differences in turbidity and
temperature between the tributaries and mainstem may be partially
responsible.
During both 1982 and 1983,eulachon were seldom observed in areas of low
water velocity (less than 0.3 feet/second),backwater,or eddy habitat.The
majority of the upstream migration occurred along the banks of the river in
areas with water velocities exceeding 0.3 feet/second.Thus,it appears the
eulachon key on water velocity for upstream orientation during their spawning
migration run.
Eulachon have been reported to spawn over course sand and pea-sized gravel in
water up to 7.6 feet deep.(Morrow 1980).During both 1982 and 1983,
spawning occurred throughout the mainstem Susitna River and its associated
side channels below RM 45.0.Bar and riffle zone were most commonly
utilized.No spawning was documented in clear water tributaries or sloughs
during either 1982 or 1983.Based on 1982 (ADF&G 1983b)and 1983 habitat
data collected at spawning sites,the habitat requirements necessary for
28
,~
.....
eulachon spawning appear quite broad.Substrates used for spawning during
1982 (ADF&G 1983b)and 1983 (Figure 11-4)ranged from 100%silt to
gravel/rubble with substrates most commonly used for spawning ranging from
silt to silty sand intermixed with gravel and rubble.
The mean water depth measured at surveyed spawning sites during 1983 (Table
3)ranged from 1.1-2.7 feet with the range of depths varying at all survey
sites from 0.3-4.5 feet over a range of mainstem discharges from 62,000 -
64,000 cfs as measured at the USGS Susitna Station monitoring station.These
values compare with values obtained during the 1982 study of 1.1-3.1 feet and
0.3-4.3 feet,respectively (ADF&G 1983b)over a range of mainstem discharges
from 65,000 -110,000 cfs as measured at the USGS Susitna Station monitoring
station.Frequency distributions of water depths measured at surveyed
spawning sites during 1982 and 1983 show that depths ranging from 0.5-3.0
feet appear to be preferred (i .e.,10%frequency)for spawn-ing (Figure
11-6).
The mean water velocity measured at surveyed spawning sites during 1983
(Table 3)ranged from 0.7-2.4 feet/second with the range of velocities
varying at all survey sites from 0.0-3.4 feet/second over a range of mainstem
discharges from 62,000 -64,000 cfs as measured at the USGS Susitna Station
monitoring station.These values compare with values obtained during the
1982 study of 0.6-1.9 feet/second and 0.0-3.2 feet/second,respectively
(ADF&G 1983)over a range of mainstem discharges from 65,000 -110,000 cfs as
measured at the USGS Susitna Station monitoring station.Frequency
distributions of water velocities measured at surveyed spawning sites during
1982 and 1983 show that water velocities ranging from 0.5-2.5 feet/second
appear to be preferred (i.e.,10%frequency)for spawning (Figure 11-7).
29
-__=-.....:<:n_w"......,.......~._-_
Water temperatures at spawning sites surveyed during 1982 (ADF&G 1983b)and
1983 (Table 11-2)ranged from 6.2-11.2°C with a mean of 8.SoC with a mean of
8.3°e,respectively.These observed water temperatures are higher than
previously reported preferred spawning temperatures of 4.7-7.8°C
-
I.~
"(Morrow 1980).
To determine whether similar suitable physical habitat conditions that were
present at the time eulachon spawning occurred might exist at different
mainstem flow conditions,a representative number of the surveyed spawning
sites were chosen for further study.Based on the data obtained during these
studies (Figure 11-8 through 11-17),it a~pears that similar physical habitat
conditions will be present under both decreased and increased mainstem
discharge conditions.The data show similar water depths and velocities were
available along study transects under both decreased and increased mainstem
discharge conditions.These data however should not be interpreted to mean
that eu 1achon spawni ng wi 11 not be affected by the proposed hydroe 1ectri c
development.Other possible impacts such as altered water temperatures and
its impact on timing of eulachon spawning and migration,must first be
addressed.
30
,~
I
......
5.0 CONTRIBUTORS
PROJECT LEADER
Aquatic Habitat and Instream Flow
Project Leader
PRIMARY AUTHORS
REPORT COORDINATORS
EDITORS
DATA PROCESSING
DATA COLLECTION
DRAFTING
TYPING
31
Christopher Estes
Douglas Vincent-Lang
Isaac Queral
Christopher Estes
Douglas Vincent-Lang
Andrew Hoffmann
Camille Stephens
Christopher Estes
Douglas Vincent-Lang
Allen Bingham
Camille Stephens
Douglas Vincent-Lang
Isaac Queral
Christopher Estes
Sally Donovan
Mary Gressett
Vicki Cunningham
....
,....
6.0 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Funding for this study was provided by the State of Alaska t Alaska Power
Authority.Input into study design and editorial review of text was
provided by E.W.Trihey &Associates .
32
-
.....
-
-
-
7.0 LITERATURE CITED
Alaska Department of Fish and Game (ADF&G).1982.Aquatic Studies
Procedures Manual.Phase II Final Draft.Alaska Department of
Fi sh and GamejSusitna Hydro Aquati c Studi es Program.Anchorage,
Alaska.
______1983a.Adult anadromous fish studies,1982.Volume 2 of Phase
II Final Report.Alaska Department of Fish and GalllejSusitna Hydro
Aquatic Studies Program.Anchorage,Alaska .
1983b.Aquatic habitat and instream flow studies,1982.Volume
4 of Phase II Basic Data Report.Alaska Department of Fish and
GamejSusitna Hydro Aquatic Studies Program.Anchorage,Alaska.
Lee,D.S.,C.R.Gilbert,C.H.Hocutt,R.E.Jenkins,D.E.McAllister,and
J.R.Stauffer,Jr.1980.Atlas of North American freshwater
fishes.Publication #1980-12.North Carolina State Museum of
Natural History.854 pp.
Morrow,J.E.1980.The freshwater fishes of Alaska.Alaska Northwest
Publishing Co.,Anchorage,Alaska.248 pp.
33
.....
8.0 APPENDICES
A-I
LIST OF APPENDIX FIGURES
FIGURE PAGE
11-A-1 Eulachon spawning area on the Susitna River at RM
21.0 (GC S16N07W09DDB):May 23,1983 ...................A-4
11-A-2 Eulachon spawning area on the Susitna River at RM
12.8 (GC S15N07W12BCB):May 24,1983 ...................A-5
11-A-3 Eulachon spawning area on the Susitna River at RM
13.8 (GC S15N07W02DAC):r~ay 24,1983 ...................A-6
11-A-4 Eulachon spawning area on the Susitna River at RM
15.0 (GC S16N07W35CDA):May 24,1983 ...................A-7
11-A-5 Eulachon spawning area on the Susitna River at RM
15.0 (GC S16N07W35BDA):May 24,1983 ...................A-8
11-A-6 Eulachon spawning area on the Susitna River at RM
16.2 (GC S16N07W26BDB):May 24,1983 ...................A-9
f""
11-A-7 Eulachon spawning area on the Susitna River at RM
18.1 (GC S16N07W15CCB):May 24,1983 ...................A-10
,~
11-A-8 Eulachon spawning area on the Susitna River at RM
19.5 (GC S16N07W16AAA):May 24,1983 ...................A-l1
r"'"11-A-9 Eulachon spawning area on the Susitna River at RM
21.5 (GC S16N07W04DBB):May 24,1983 ...........•..•....A-12
11-A-10 Eulachon spawning area on the Susitna River at RM
23.0 (GC S17N07W33DBB):May 24,1983 ...................A-13
l1-A-l1 Eulachon spawning area on the Susitna River at RM
20.5 (GC S16N07W08DCA):May 25,1983 ...................A-14
11-A-12 Eulachon spawning area on the Susitna River at RM
22.8 (GC S17N07W32DDA):May 25,1983 ...................A-15
l1-A-13 Eulachon spawning area on the Susitna River at RM
23.1 (GC S17N07W33BCD):May 25,1983 ...................A-16
11-A-14 Eula'hon spawning area on the Susitna River at RM
24.9 (GC S17N07W27BBD):May 25,1983 ...................A-17
"""ll-A-15 Eulachon spawning area on the Susitna River at RM
26.2 (GC S17N07W22ADA):May 25,1983 ...................A-18
11-A-16 Eulachon spawning area on the Susitna River at RM
26.5 (GC S17N07W23BDD):May 25,1983 ................•..A-19
JPliI~l1-A-17 Eulachon spawning area on the Susitna River at RM
28.0 (GC S17N07W13BAD):May 26,1983 ......•............A-20
A-2
LIST OF APPENDIX FIGURES (continued)
FIGURE PAGE
11-A-17 Eulachon spawning area on the Susitna River at RM
28.0 (GC S17N07W13BAD):May 26,1983 A-21
11-A-18 Eulachon spawning area on the Susitna River at RM
30.1 (GC S17N06W08CBD):May 26,1983..................A-22
11-A-19 Eulachon spawning area on the Susitna River at RM
33.4 (GC S18N06W33ABD):May 26,1983 ............•.....A-23
11-A-20 Eulachon spawning area on the Susitna River at RM
36.5 (GC S18N06W15BBA):May 26,1983 A-24
11-A-21 Streambank/streambed profiles obtained at two
transects at the eulachon spawning study site
located at RM 16.2.Water surface elevations (WSEL)
obtained on each transect at the time of measurement
and during subsequent visits along with corresponding
mainstem discharges at Susitna Station (provisional
USGS data)are presented in the insert table A-25
ll-A-22 Streambank/streambed profil es obtained at two
transects at the eulachon spawning study site
located at RM 23.1.Water surface elevations (WSEL)
obtained on each transect at the time of measurement
and during subsequent visits along with corresponding
mainstem discharges at Susitna Station (provisional
USGS data)are presented in the insert table A-26
11-A-23 Streambank/streambed profiles obtained at two
transects at the eulachon spawning study site
located at RM 36.5.Water surface elevations (WSEL)
obtained on each transect at the time of measurement
and during subsequent visits along with corresponding
mainstem discharges at Susitna Station (provisional
USGS data)are presented in the insert table A-27
11-A-24 Streambank/streambed profiles obtained at two
transects at the eulachon spawning study site
located at RM 12.8.Water surface elevations (WSEL)
obtained on each transect at the time of measurement
and during subsequent visits along with corresponding
mainstem discharges at Susitna Station (provisional
USGS data)are presented in the insert table A-28
11-A-25 Streambank/streambed profiles obtained at two
transects at the eulachon spawning study site
located at RM 16.2.Water surface elevations (WSEL)
obtained on each transect at the time of measurement
and during subsequent visits along with corresponding
mainstem discharges at Susitna Station (provisional
USGS data)are presented in the insert table A-29
A-3
-....
oo
rt'l
"....
.;....:.",
£J.1.4
2.0 1.6
2.0 1.2 0.5
2.0 f9 0.8 .::
2.1 1.3 0.8
2'~~U TA
LOG
2.2 1.4 0.7---2.1 1.7 1.1
2.0 1.1*
lo6E)1.6
2.1 1.3 0.7
I.8 1.3 1.0 ','
',:.
1.9 1.3 0.6-1.5 1.3 1.0
2.2
2.1
~40ft~
l
APPROX.300ft..
TO WEST BANK
SITE NO.I 2.3 1.2
2.6 2.2
o Water Qual ity ,.
Measurement Site ....;..
"~'."
*Depth (ft)/Mean Water 1.2
.~.
Column Velocity (ftlsec)1.3 1.1 .,
1.7 2.2 06 ~'I..
,F"
,.-
j.,"'•.'.,<,,-11_:;",_I Eulachon spawning area on the Susitna River at RM
21.0 (GC S16N07W09DDB):May 23,1983.
--It -A <1..Eulachon spawning area on the Susitna River at RM
12.8 (GC S15N07W12BCB):May 24.1983.
A-~
I I 1 ~'
l "I ,111
-----SUSITNA RIVER
El Water Quality
Measu rement S ita
SITE NO.3
*Depth (ft)/Mean Water
Column Velocity (ftlsec)
,....200ft "I
/',...I ..,
<...../OLD CAR
i 3.6 *3.9 4.0 3.2 2.7
1.1 TI TO T.1 T:9
4:1.3 2.4 2.7 2.2 1.9
0 0.4 0.9 1.1 1:2 T:4N
1.1 [::J 1.1 1.4 1.4 1.2 •..
1.0 0.2 0.6 1.1 1.1
'..:..,i~:..'!':'~:'~";.;yl;::,·:··~::;j'.::·.,·H"·/,:·jl·,.·..;·:',;..','.~I"·:··',.'.'i:'':;:."~;.;j,,,::;'.:"'.'::.d':.:,~'.';.,'."::.'~-..',''::'.'z:.~,,,.••'.::~:.;:~.;',':.-:./(·t ..;.'•.~.::.j••:;"~,,,~,\':.:.;.!..:,"'.,:'.!';-:',
\
~)"'
.-4.J.
,:''.'!.-I I •'\-!,Eulachon spawning area on the Susitna River at RM
13.8 (GC S15N07W02DAC):May 24,1983.
j 'l 'I 1 J I c-i J
I
sus/rNA RIVER ...
SITE NO.4
GWater Quality
Measurement Site*Depth (ftl/Mean Water
Column Velocity(ft/sec)
I 3.9*3.3
1.4 2.0
2.5 2.2
15ft 1.9 1.9
L1 8 0.9
0.8 1.0
VEGETATION
3.7
1.3
2.1
1.5
0.7
0.8
V EGETATI ON
-300 ft
!
2001t "I
S I LT AN D G RAVEL BAR
I~
I~
3.6
1.9 3.3
2.4 T:9
1.6 2.3
0.9 I.7
-'-I 0.9
.T....,•••'.:::':i .....~·;···~..;..::;::;;:..:/:~~'::..';!:•.:!....:...:'.:'.....~':'l:'~';"'!~_:':i";"d'_'!"~~
:1,;..,
-l.
..~Ii -/\-Li Eulachon spawning area on the Susitna River at RM
15.0 (GC S16N07W35CDA):May 24,1983.
l 1 J '-I J J »1 1 ']1 I 1
/'
-I~I
0.6
0.3
1.4
1.1
2.3
1.9
3.8
2.0
,'~'•.":';"'j.::";"i~"~'("'''~'~'''-':".~;'.'
0.6
0.2
1.3
0.7
2.2
1.5
3.2
1.5
300 ft
~1.1
0.3
2.1-1.2
M
1.4
BAR
2.5
Q.6
2.6
1.5
3.6
1.5
G
I~
,~
I.3 -If.
1.1
2.4
1.5
3.7
1.7
,.
~:'::'''';';i ;;;;'.'~'::':.:,....;;.'.~;;{:(:."~..:'S
I
l{-'
~ry
¢:~C:Jo
/
.....
0
'"-::L....I 1I
l_~":~
sus/rNA R/VER
SITE NO.5
El Water Quality
Measurement Site*Depth (tt)/Mean Water
Col urnn Velocity (ft/sec)
i .......-r
r,..,"I\''-\-,:'Eulachon spawning area on the Susitna River at RM
15.0 (GC S16N07W35BDA):May 24,1983.
":
LOG
","
",.
'.:
",
2.9 1.9 0.7*ii
I.I 0.7 0.5 ~'
3.6
1.8
g 2.6 20 li 0.8?
2,1 1.9 1.6 0.9 0.3;:TRANSECT I-
:::
"
f+------30 ft -----..t''::
'"
"
0.;.
~~::-.'
-
Q;:
lc.J
:::::.......
Q;:
~~
h........
V)
::::>
V)
""""
--o
o
C\I
3.2 2.1
1.8 1.6
1.6 1.4
o,a 0.5
"
.~~
','.:
"'.::
~
SILT VEGETATION
"
"
...-
I
TRANSECT 2
..
"~,..
3.4 3.2 2.4 1.1 0.8 ','
1,5 1.6 2.3 0.9 0.2 "
'.
o
\..',,':i SITE NO,6
'2.9
1.9
2.5 1.9
1.8 1.6
"
"
"..,
1.0
0.5 "
"
'.
~8USh with flagging
.BM-ADFaG
@ (Tree wifh nail)
r:l Water Quality
L:...J Measurement Site*Dept h (ft)/Mean Water
Column Velocity (ft/sec)
-t.'Eulachon spawning area on the Susitna River at RM
16.2 (GC S16N07W26BDB):May 24,1983.
~.q
"
",,
','
"..
"•...
!JOG
.-.:.
".:;
,..
.::
::.•..,"
2.7 2.1 1.8 ','
1.5 1.2 0.8 ':~'....
150 ft -----~~~~LOG
oo
N
--
'..
':"
2.8 2.5 :"
'.:1.9 r.2 ,,',
,
'J.,
:.
•1
2.8 I.7 ~:
13 1.1;!
;:.o .~
~;..
\',
~~
3.8
1.6
3.6
1.5
r
:'1
::.:,"....
':.
3.8 2.7 2.1 1.8_,
J .9 I.8 1.1 1.2 ~
',',":.:
':
~1.
'.
-1
3.8
1.8
2.9
1.7
.'
.!.:!.!.J.§
1.5 r ,2 :~
~I
:~:.:
"
W:.:
.:.
",
--
SITE NO.7
EJ Water Qual ity
Measurement Site
*Dept h (ft)/Mean Water
Column Velocity{ftlsec)
"1'",",~(~\\ -;~--I',-r-1 ,.--',
Eulachon spawning area on the Susitna River at RM
18.1 (GC S16N07W15CCB):May 24,1983.
/
'"I r',1 -.v
'.:.
;';'I.1 2.1 3.6:-.,'
2 0.7 1.1 1.5
'.'
;=:VEGETATION
'.1'.,",',
"',',
.~.
:
.''.,
Q::0':
~'.
::::::.:~.
.....,..J..,'
Q::.:';
~
.,..z~..;
"0
'"
.:~-'.'~.....'.~«
V),~
:.::LLI~~
V)~\LLI
>
"
'..
2.8 *
2.2
2.2 2.8
0.7 1.6
i-:
,.
";..
:,047 1.7
.::0.0 0.9
~':
'".'
;.'.~.
','~,~.
...•
·"7
~,,,:
'~"1.3
~;.<1i
'.,
j
~.::
:~..'.'..
:~.
:~.
l'
~~
:~.,':':H---20 f t --I
',:'.
'.'"
.",~....
:1:0.4 1.2 2.5.."
.'0.9 1.6 1.6
,'.
.:!.,
to··
;:'0.7 1.2 1.9
:~0.7 I.6 2.3
!.;.
.....oo
N
\
\
SILT
~.'
,..;
."
,:".
:;
",
~..
....SILT
"
Depth (tt)/Mean Water*Column Velocity (ttl!;;)
E:I Water Quality
Measurement Sit e
SITE NO.8
"~,.
'.
:0'.::
."p
~::
...'.:.;::\+-------A PPROX.150 ft -------.........;:
,,:',
VEGETATION
'.".
Eulachon spawning area on the Susitna River at RM
19.5 (GC S16N07W16AAA):May 24,1983.
1 1 l ~)1 J J ,
-
1 I 'J J 1 J
U.6 0.6
0.4
1.0
0.8
1.4 -....
1.3 It)....
2.2
11.6
2.9*
1.8
300 ft~.-~~~.
.l1&.'...•.','"'.",,',',.,.....".."--0.5 [J ,.'-.~,.,,"I ~
O
,.,.".,1.1 •~.,';.,.•-.....""..lOGS_0 -...\'"07.
5
'":;...I -·,·,:.·~·.I:·.···I
1.5 .2 0,7 .,.....;.".., ./4 IT I I -.--,."""".
2'.....:....~/.6 /.0
2./,~/.5
2.4 2./~21"G 2.1Uf9
1.8 2.5~
0.7
Q;f
~0.9
U1.5
-4.l1.4
~1.7
~0.7'
I~
1'0
1.6r.~
~1.9
~1.<
.£,.
'.1"
R.:9
I.I"
..!.:.~'.6'
~O<.~
k!<'3
'L
\,-l
SITE NO.9 SUSlrNA RIVER ...
[J Water Quality
Measurement Site
Depth (ft)1 Mean Water
"1(.Column Velocity (ft/sec)
t-r <;:~.i \<i\''1 Eulachon spawning area on the Susitna River at RM
21.5 (GC S16N07W04DBB):May 24,1983.
*Depth(ft)/Mean Water
Colu mn Veloe ity (ftlsee)
1.2 1.1 1.9 3.6
1.3 1.5 1.7 2.6
.M"----30 ft .1
1.0 1.2 1.2 1.8 3~1 *---0.4 1.1 0.8 1.3 1.5
f.0.6 1.1 1.7 1.5 2.8 3.5
~-TRANSECT 2,0.8 0.6 1.0 0.7 1.6 1.9
'~,.''.)
~ct
*~*:1.2 1.0 1.1 2.4 2.2 ~
.~..........;,0.4 0.7 0.8 1.6 1.9 ct.~~'...'G "l:'.'
~".:;;;;:
........h.
,'...........V)
::0.5 0.9 1.4 1.7 3.4 4.5 ~
.,V).r.0.5 0.6 1.I 1.6 2.1 2.1 TRANSECT
+--oo
~
','
"
;.
'.~'
,,'
','..'
"
VEGETATION
VEGETATION
1-SIT E NO.10
(f)Bush with Flagg in g
O Temporary BM-ADF8G
•(Tree wi~h flagging)
@ BM-ACF8G
•{Tree with nail)
[]WaterQuality
.Measurement Site
-
-
-
-"-,
!-'«('••,~\\-~\-IO Eulachon spawning area on the Susitna River at RM
23.0 (GC S17N07W33DBB):May 24,1983.
2.3*2.0 1.6 1.4 1.2
1.1 1.2 1.0 I.I 0.6
2.2 2.0 1.9 1.5 1.0
1.1 I.I 1.1 1.0 0.8
SILT
BAR
ooro
--
..:~
'.-,
~:
'"'.'-,.:0.
"
0'
.;=
~.
"
0.7 .~.
:>:".048 :l;..:....
1.1
1.0
1.7
1.1
2.1
1.1
2.5
0.8
......
......
:;:;
"....:
50ft ----~~::,
I':·
/~
:":
h.',
",:',!
"".":.4
-:5
",
~~.
..,i':.i\-/1-1 \Eulachon spawning area on the Susitna River at RM
20.5 (GC S16N07W080CA):May 25,1983.
ct
r ~
:::::..
.......
ct
"'l:
~
"-.......
V)
~
CI)
.:'.:.~...
\
SILT,GRAVEL a
RUBBLE BAR
SITE NO.12
EJ Water Quality
Measurement Site
%Depth (ft)/Mean Water
Column Velocity (ft/sec)
Eulachon spawning area on the Susitna River at RM
22.8 (GC S17N07W32DDA):May 25,1983.
J ....-I·"\.:;...
J 1 J "~--i )-)1 '1 .~'-11;»]1 I j
-....
Il)
I
._.~_.~.•,-.r,..
3.7
2.6
3.0
2.6
2.0
2.4
0.6
T:4
.;.,''',:':;"''':';'''~''''''';'!'1{::'''''~''''~::.,:':':"':'!':~:'~'..',.:.'?::?•...;"'.'!:\':\~.':~'.:,I .:..:~..::;:..:.:.\R('.•::.:.,:•...,:.:',.'(:-.:,'.,.'·······2··~~'.;.~;'::r::::.:J::y.::"'.u
--~SUSlrNA RIVER-
I-~I0w
(f)
Z lJ.'.
<;{UI
et Z
l-et
0::
3.9 *"3.3 I-
2.7 2.9 3.0 3.4 3.5 3.9
3.1 3.2
2.8 2.5 2.3 U
-2.3 3.5 3.12.6 3.1 3.0 g
2.0 2.4 2.6 2.1 2.2 2.6 2.5
2.3 2.6 1.8 2.2 1.8 3.4 2.0
1.1 1.3 -2.5 f6..\-..I T:4 2.0 2.0 2.6 1.5
0.9 0.8 0.6 0.7 0.8 c:J 0.7 0.7--",.-•0.6 0.1 1.5 0.9 0.1 1.5 0:0
I~r
SILT
120 f t ~l
'1
SITE NO.13
(1)shrub with flaggingoTBM-ADF6G
.(Nail in log)
@ 8M-ADF6G (Tree with nail)
EJ Water Quality
Measurement Site*Deplh(ft)/Mean Water
Column Velocity (t1/sec)
;-\\.1"1'I';Eulachon spawning area on the Susitna River at RM
23.1 (GC S17N07W33BCD):May 25,1983.
-
.-.
'\"
'1..
~c
"
TO HEAD OF VEGErATIO};,0.6 0.8 1.2 2.8 2.1*
.,':--
ON ISLAND f-1.1 1.4 2.4 2.8 2.6:;~'i
".:
~t
"..'.,....:
"'."..'
.1
'::0.5 0.9 1.2 1.6 2.2 2.5",.--- -
!~1.0 1.2 2.1 2.8 2.9 3.2
~:..•..
EJ".,w:..
J.'Q:::
i-~
:;".....
:..0.6 1.0 1.6 1.9 2.2 2.7 Q::::/~-~.--.-- ----'.,0.7 1.4 2.1 2.5 3.2 3.2 "'t:0 ~'::
0 ~.~.;"
N ':;......
~:.{50 ft --I
CI)
,'.~.,<.t)
.''j:.!
Or:...........'.
"0.8 1.2 1.6 1.7 2.1 2.4.,-',.0.7 1.3 1.7 2.7 2.8 3.2.'
':..'
,:,,:.
".,..
".:'.",..~.
~'.
::~.
','0.8 1.2 1.6 1.8 2.3 2.5
_I-.,':0,0.6 1.1 2.1 2.4 IT 2.9
;,..~'SITE NO.0::14
'~.8 Water Qual ity.-Measurement Site
"...-,Depth (ft)/Mean Water)i:*~""'.Column Velocity(ft/sec)::;
Eulachon spawning area on t~e Susitna River at RM
24.9 (GC S17N07W27BBO):May 25,1983.
A-II
--_..------------------------------------------
::,
,0.6 0.9 2.5
:',-
,~.0.0 0.9 2.5
0.6 2.2 2.6 2.7 ~..~----......
1.1 1.7 1.7 1.9 0 Q::
0 "'t
~
..j
~
15 ft ......
CJ)
~
V)
0.6 1.8 2.6 2.8
1.6 1.8 2.1 1.7
[]
Depth (ttl I Mean Water*Column Velocity (ft/sec)
SITE NO.15
G Water Qua I ity
Measurement Site
3.a 3.3
2.I 2..2
3.3 4.4
2.2 2.1
0.9 2.2
1.4 I.a
"..'
~:.'
:.
'..
~.0.7 2.J
~.0.9 \.7
~;:
,'.
.",'.
..'
".'
,,
.;
",
,',
...J ::.
lIJ ,"
>,"
oCt .,
0::
(!).~
c '.'-
Z ::
oCt '.'..
'"
lIJ .~.~
...J ;t:m ",m ",
"::l ",
0::",..\
::.,"
;.~
~.~
:.'
",..
",.
".,'
",
.";
,"
,";.
'"
'.,
:~
"'::,,',....
'.~
..:......
','~..:'
":"
"':':!"
'~..'.',
,..
:;~
,t':
"
SILT
STEEP
BANK
"
,.....
I
I
Eulachon spawning area on the Susitna River at RM
26.2 (GC S17N07W22AOA):May 25,1983.
A-i~
-
-
";:.:',1
,',
~.~
.~
,',,.
"
SILT
*4,1 3.4
1.6 I.2
~~
VEGETATION
,',
.'......
oo
--
","
"
,',
"
::=S I LT'-':
3.0 3.0 1.3
1.2 1.0 0.4
3~~__\,4
\,1
'"
".;:
,-,'
.,.2_.4 1,\
4 2 3·"-',~,'-1,\0,6T7\.4
*Depth(ft)/Mean Water
Column Velocity (ft/sec)
EI Water Quality
Measurement Site
SITE NO.16
..-
-
Eulachon spawning area on the Susitna River at RM
26.5 (GC S17N07W23BOD):May 25,1983.
A-I i
~--............;_--.-----~------------------l
SITE NO,17
\
BAR
..:
..
~..\
..~
~"':.'-:",:.:
.;
.,".'.
"/
......
,RIVER
G Water Quality
,Measurement Site
Depth (ft)/Mean Water*Column Velocity(ft/sec)
','TO YENTNA ~,..
-
-
--
-
Eulacbon spawning areq on the Susl'tna River at RM28.0 {GC S17N07W13BADJ:May 26,983.
X10,,
.:=VEGETATION,
LOGS a DEBRIS
3.5 2.5 1.8 ;:
-=0.7 2.9 0.9 ."
~.-,.,
:~.',::.
:=-,.
",,
:...::,c,
3.9 2.5 1.5 -:','---':"0.5 0.1 0.1 '~:'"
:.~
~.~
""",'.
"
t<,-20 ft .:;:
It.J :-
:::...":'.SILT
........'
I't<.'
.~:
"t 4.0 2.9 1.3 :;--"-~0.3 0.3 0.1 -.~0
......."0
V).-N
~:.':CLIFF
tJ)::-".:
c::J
:';
~:
"
";.
3.6 2.6 1.8 "
1.4 0.8 0.9 "-~
*2.5
2.3
SITE NO.18
r;1 Water Qua I ity
L:J Measurement'Site
Depth (ft)/Mean Water*Column Velocity(ft/sec)
2.8
1.3
SILT
Eulachon spawning area on the Susitna River at RM
30.1 (GC S17N06W08CBD):May 26,1983.
~__,",4M""__¢&-----~_
.!d.~2.5 3.0 *
1.2 1.8 2.a 2.I-
1.3 1.8 2.4 2.9
1.3 1.6 1.2 2.6
[3 Q:;:...lu
"~."
.=.,'......,Q:::
"-..-~0 .'
0 ~~.
N .;0.6 0.9 1.5 2.0 2.6 I--..
:0.4 ......
~0.9 1.4 1.5 1.9 CI)
"~"'.Ct)-."P
t·
',-
".
.....,'.
:..~
"0.6 1.0 1.5 2.2"2.9
:",-----0.5 0.9 1.2 1.5 1.9
.\
","::.v
1.0 1.3 1.4 2.1 2.3--0.8 1.1 1.7 2.2 2.2
f+----50ft -
SITE NO.19
[3 Water Qua Iity
Measurement Site
*Depth (ft)/Mean Water
Column Velocity(ft/sec)
Eulachon spawning area on the Susitna River at RM
33.4 (GC S18N06W33ABD):May 26,1983.
J -7:i1"..--1/
3.2
3.4
15ft ----'l...~1
3.2 3.9
3.1 3.4 TRANSECT I
0.5 1.9 3.2 3.6
1.1 2.2 2.6 3.1
0.7 1.9 2.9 3.7
0.4 D 3.2 TI TRANSECT 2
",
".
'.O~6 I.B 2.5 2.9
1.2 3.0 3.2 3.2
,.
.;
,-
;,
.'
"j'.
";,
;,0.6 2.1
t:'O~7 22
::f-*-----
,"
,'..:-
._0.7 2.3 M M"J\'.
;~1.8 1.9 2.2 2.6;.,',
I":
~.
','.'.
"
-;:-.'0
0
N ""....
ILl
\:~
..J :;
m ,'.lD ..
~:'"a:'.,
......."..J "
ILl .'>"
«..
a:0:.
(,!)'.:
.'.
"..~~
,.
..
LOG
0')
LOG WITH NAIL
AND FLAGGING
SILT
(nail
SITE NO.20
(!)Sh ,0 with Flagging
G TB i>1-ADF6G
(Nail in log)
~BM-ADFaG
'e'(Nail in tree)
c:::J Water Qual ity
.Measurement Site*Depth (ft)/Mean Water
Column Velocity(ft!sec)
..-,
-
Eulachon spawning area on the Susitna River at RM
36.5 (GC SlBN06W15BBA):May 26,1983.
1 -1 1 1 1 ]1 1 ."D )J 1
TRANSECT 2
WSEL Discharge
90.74 66,000
95.63 105,000
92.13 80,000
88.82 60,100
87.02 36,600
/TRANSECT
TRANSECT I
WSEL pischorge
90.77 66,000
95.62 105,000
92.16 80,000
88.80 60,100
86.98 36,600
Dote
830524
830601
830615
830907
831007
,
",....
...,.........
/....-...---~
TRAN SECT 2 \,\
\
\
",,
'-
,........
....,
",,
",
'\.,
'-----........
"
86.0
98.0
100.0
96.0
-+-
Q)
Q)94.0....-c
0
+-
0 92.0
>
Q)-
",,-~
W
t
l;,!'_._,J
90.0
_s;~
88.0
84.0 'iii iii iii iii
o 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110
1!...?I \'i "\,~~r\--."-..
Distance from Headpin (feet)
Streambank/streambed profiles obtained at two
transects at the eulachon spawning study site
located at RM 23.0.Water surface elevations (WSEL)
obtained on each transect at the time of measurement
and during subsequent visits along with corresponding
mainstem discharges at Susitna Station (provisional
1tC'f"C'-..a-\u.,..,...:-1-1-...:l...,.....
..
I 1 J 1 )I ]
TRANSECT 2
WSEL Discharge
90.82 62,000
96.25 105,000
92.83 80,000
89.93 60,100
88.36 36,600
/TRANSECT I
TRANSECT I
WSEL Discharge
90.82 62,000
96.26 105,000
92.81 80,000
89.91 60,100
88.42 36,600
Date
830525
830601
830615
830907
831007
"\
\2~''e...
...........,
'...."........
TRANSECT
,
\
\
\
\
\
\
\
\...------...............................
""....
'---
88.0
98.0
100.0
96.0
----C1l 94.0C1l...........
c::
0-92.0
0
;>
I .."C1l\-#o.J LJJ-,r,90.0
86.0 'iii Iii iii iii
o 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 56
Distance from Headpin (feet)
p,..,f.)i-A-Xl-Streambank/streambed profiles obtained at two
transects at the eulachon spawning study site
located at RM 23.1.Water surface elevations (WSEL)
obtained on each transect at the time of measurement
and during subsequent visits along with corresponding
mainstem discharges at Susitna Station (provisional
USGS data)are presented in the insert table.
I I 1 ]I I 1 I 1J ,1 ~
100908070
~,,
.....
",
.....•\...,
"\
\
~....
",
'-
6050
TRANSECT 2
WSEL Discharge
92.74 64,000
95.46 105,000
93.78 80,000
93.10 66,200
91 .72 36,600
4030
---------
TRANSECT 2/__.....~TRANSECT
..........
20
TRANSECT I
WSEL Discharge
92.81 64,000
95.49 105,000
93.81 80,000
93.16 66,200
91.79 36,600
92.0
Date-
830526
830601
90.0-1 830615
830906
831007
I
88.0
0 10
96.0
94.0
98.0
100.0
--CD
Q)
lit--C
0.--0
"+~>
Q)
"1-·'-
<Ii'"W
".'(~},\,C 1\A-"',I ~/_........_
Distance from Headpin (feet)
Streambank/streambed profiles obtained at two
transects at the eulachon spawning study site
located at RM 36.5.Water surface elevations (WSEL)
obtained on each transect at the time of measurement
and during subsequent visits along with corresponding
mainstem discharges at Susitna Station (provisional
IISGS dilh \ilrP nrp"pntpl'l ; n thp ;n<;prt tilh 1p_
)J J ]I J J J J )1
102.0.TRANSECT.I TRANSECT 2
Date WSEL Discharge WSEL Discharge
830624 94.02 64000 94.00 64,000
830601 91.40 105:000 91.36 1<;>5,000
100.0 -i ~830615 95.00 80,000 94.98 80,000
830907 92.36 60,100 92.30 60,100
831007 90.95 36,600 90.93 36,600
I '~--98.0Q)
Q).....-c
0-96.0.-'-........._TRANSECT 2t:J>
Q)
)::::..-1 lLJ
,...l
-J 94.0
Distance from Headpin (feet)
F-';:;"\,{:...
I
\\-/'1~iLI Streambank/streambed profiles obtained at two
transects at the eulachon spawning study site
located at RM 12.8.Water surface elevations (WSEL)
obtained on each transect at the time of measurement
and during SUbsequent visits along with corresponding
mainstem discharges at Susitni Station (provisional
USGS data)are presented in,~he insert table.
r·I
l-~J 1 B ~J 1 I J ~]~~--~l
~
91.50
95.58
92.14
89.41
87.52
TRANSECT 2
-...
G)
G)--c:~.2I...t-l 0OC'>
G)-w
100.0
98.0
96.0
94.0
92.0
90.0
88.0
Date
830524
83060 I
830615
830907
831007
TRANSECT ,/
TRANSECT I
Discharge
64,000
105,000
80,000
60,100
36,600
WSEL
91.47
95.58
92.75
89.47
87.47
Discharge
64,000
105,000
80,000
60,100
36,600
..
86.0 r iii iii iii i i
o 10 20 30 40 50 60 10 80 90 100 110
'-.r~.','/':.:.-'""".~,.~.}\\-J~-~lf.)
Distance from Head pin (feet)
Streambank/streambed profiles obtained at two
transects at the eulachon spawning study site
located at RM 16.2.Water surface elevations (WSEL)
obtained on each transect at the time of measurement
and during subsequent visits along with corresponding
mainstem discharges at Susitna Station (provisional
USGS data)are presented in the insert table.