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Susitna-Watana Hydroelectric Project Document
ARLIS Uniform Cover Page
Title:
Technical memorandum: Characterization and mapping of aquatic habitats
SuWa 186
Author(s) – Personal:
Author(s) – Corporate:
HDR [i.e. HDR Alaska Inc.]
AEA-identified category, if specified:
Fisheries
AEA-identified series, if specified:
Series (ARLIS-assigned report number):
Susitna-Watana Hydroelectric Project document number 186
Existing numbers on document:
Published by:
[Anchorage, Alaska : Alaska Energy Authority, 2013]
Date published:
June 2013
Published for:
Prepared for Alaska Energy Authority
Date or date range of report:
Volume and/or Part numbers:
[Main report]
Final or Draft status, as indicated:
Document type:
Technical memorandum
Pagination:
iii, 9 p.
Related work(s):
Appendix A (SuWa 187), Appendix B (SuWa 188)
Pages added/changed by ARLIS:
Notes:
All reports in the Susitna-Watana Hydroelectric Project Document series include an ARLIS-
produced cover page and an ARLIS-assigned number for uniformity and citability. All reports
are posted online at http://www.arlis.org/resources/susitna-watana/
Susitna-Watana Hydroelectric Project
(FERC No. 14241)
Technical Memorandum:
Characterization and Mapping of Aquatic Habitats
Prepared for
Alaska Energy Authority
Prepared by
HDR
June 2013
TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM CHARACTERIZATION AND MAPPING OF AQUATIC HABITATS TM
Susitna-Watana Hydroelectric Project Alaska Energy Authority
FERC Project No. 14241 Page i June 2013
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Background ............................................................................................................................ 1
2. FERC Staff Recommendations ............................................................................................. 1
3. Proposed Tributaries for Habitat Mapping in the Upper River/Middle River above
Devils Canyon......................................................................................................................... 2
Description of Specific Methods Used for Selection of a Representative Sample of 3.1
Small and Low-order Upper River Tributaries .............................................................. 3
Tributaries above Devils Canyon Proposed in Response to FERC Study Plan 3.2
Determination ................................................................................................................. 4
TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM CHARACTERIZATION AND MAPPING OF AQUATIC HABITATS TM
Susitna-Watana Hydroelectric Project Alaska Energy Authority
FERC Project No. 14241 Page ii June 2013
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1. Tributaries above Devils Canyon
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1. Locations of 20 tributaries upstream of Devils Canyon
APPENDICES
Appendix A: Description of 31 Primary and Secondary Tributaries above Devils Canyon from
which 20 Tributaries were Selected for Habitat Mapping
Appendix B: Map of Tributaries in the Middle and Upper Susitna River above Devils Canyon
TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM CHARACTERIZATION AND MAPPING OF AQUATIC HABITATS TM
Susitna-Watana Hydroelectric Project Alaska Energy Authority
FERC Project No. 14241 Page iii June 2013
LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS
Abbreviation Definition
AEA Alaska Energy Authority
AWC Anadromous Waters Catalog
FDAIP Fish Distribution and Abundance Implementation Plan
FERC Federal Energy Regulatory Commission
HRM historic river mile
ISR Initial Study Report
PRM Project river mile
Project Susitna-Watana Hydroelectric Project
RSP Revised Study Plan
TM Technical memorandum
ZHI zone of hydraulic influence
TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM CHARACTERIZATION AND MAPPING OF AQUATIC HABITATS TM
Susitna-Watana Hydroelectric Project Alaska Energy Authority
FERC Project No. 14241 Page 1 June 2013
1. BACKGROUND
On December 14, 2012, Alaska Energy Authority (AEA) filed with the Federal Energy
Regulatory Commission (FERC) its Revised Study Plan (RSP), which included 58 individual
study plans (AEA 2012). Included within the RSP was the Characterization of Aquatic Habitats
Study, Section 9.09. This study focuses on the characterization and mapping of aquatic habitats
with the potential to be altered and/or lost as the result construction and operation of the
proposed Susitna-Watana Hydroelectric Project (Project). Alteration or loss could result from
changes in habitat access, as well as changes in flow, water surface elevation, sediment regime,
and temperature regimes associated with reservoir filling and hydropower operations.
RSP Section 9.09 provides goals, objectives, and proposed methods for identification,
classification, and measurement of habitats in the area potentially affected by the proposed
Project.
On February 1, 2013 FERC issued its Study Plan Determination (SPD) for 44 of the 58 studies,
approving 31 studies as filed and 13 with modifications (FERC 2013a). A decision on the
remaining 14 studies was deferred until AEA filed additional information and held meetings with
stakeholders to discuss the new information. RSP Section 9.09 was one of the 14 deferred.
On April 1, 2013, FERC issued its SPD for 14 of the 58 proposed individual studies in the RSP
(FERC 2013b). When approving the Characterization of Aquatic Habitats Study, RSP Section
9.09, FERC made certain recommendation.
In accordance with FERC’s SPD, the recommended modifications have been incorporated into
the draft Final Study Plan.
2. FERC STAFF RECOMMENDATIONS
In its April 1 SPD, FERC recommended seven modifications to RSP Section 9.09. This
technical memorandum (TM) addresses one of those six recommended modifications in detail.
As stated in the SPD, FERC recommended the following:
We recommend that AEA consult with the TWG and file no later than June 30, 2012, the
following information to quantify small and low-order tributaries in the Upper River
study area:
a. A detailed description of the specific methods to be used for selecting a representative
sample of small and low-order Upper River tributaries for aquatic habitat mapping.
b. Documentation of consultation with the TWG, including how its comments were
addressed.
AEA addressed the other five recommended modifications as follows:
a. We recommend that AEA remove the level 5 calculation of edge habitat from the
habitat classification system. See April 1 SPD at 208.
AEA Response: Level 5 edge habitat was removed from the classification system
See Section 9.1.4.5 and Table 9.9-4 of the Final Study Plan.
TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM CHARACTERIZATION AND MAPPING OF AQUATIC HABITATS TM
Susitna-Watana Hydroelectric Project Alaska Energy Authority
FERC Project No. 14241 Page 2 June 2013
b. We recommend changing the classification of backwater, beaver complex, and
clearwater plume habitats from level 3 (mainstem habitat) to level 4 (mainstem and
tributary mesohabitats). See April 1 SPD at 210.
AEA Response: Classification of mainstem backwater, beaver complex, and
clearwater plume habitats in the mainstem was revised from Level 3 to Level 4. See
Section 9.1.4.5 and Table 9.9-4 of the Final Study Plan.
c. We recommend modifying the study plan to have AEA identify and give specific
consideration to backwater habitats, as defined by the agencies (i.e., the confluence
of off-channel habitats with main channel habitats), as a unique habitat feature and
ensure a representative subsample of these locations when selecting transect
locations for one-dimensional or two-dimensional aquatic habitat modeling within
Middle River and Lower River instream flow study sites. See April 1 SPD at 212.
AEA Response: The RSP has been revised to identify backwater as a unique habitat
feature and to ensure modeling of backwater habitat in Focus Areas. See Section
9.1.4.5 and Table 9.9-4 of the Final Study Plan.
d. We recommend modifying the study plan to have AEA classify Middle River tributary
reaches within the zone of hydrologic influence into geomorphic reaches based on
tributary basin drainage area and stream gradient to provide a general
understanding of the relative potential value to fish and aquatic resources, and report
on these attributes in the initial and updated study reports. See April 1 SPD at 213.
AEA Response: The RSP has been revised to state that Middle River tributary
reaches within the zone of hydrologic influence will be classified into geomorphic
reaches based on tributary basin drainage area and stream gradient and that these
attributes will be reported in the Characterization of Aquatic Habitats Study Initial
Study Report (ISR) to be filed with FERC in February 2014.
e. We recommend that AEA provide a detailed description of methods and results of
2012 and 2013 habitat mapping in the initial study report, including a complete set of
photographic base maps delineating macrohabitats (level 3) and mesohabitats (level
4) for all mapped locations. See April 1 SPD at 214.
AEA Response: The RSP has been revised to state that a detailed description of
methods and results of 2012 and 2013 habitat mapping will be provided in the
Characterization of Aquatic Habitats Study ISR to be filed with FERC in February
2014
3. PROPOSED TRIBUTARIES FOR HABITAT MAPPING IN THE
UPPER RIVER/MIDDLE RIVER ABOVE DEVILS CANYON
Habitat in 20 primary and secondary tributaries will be typed to the mesohabitat level shown in
Table 1 using a combination of video and ground mapping sampling methods. Tributaries in the
list of 20 that are not conducive to aerial video mapping, such as those with obscured view of the
river due to riparian vegetation, will be mapped using ground methods only.
TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM CHARACTERIZATION AND MAPPING OF AQUATIC HABITATS TM
Susitna-Watana Hydroelectric Project Alaska Energy Authority
FERC Project No. 14241 Page 3 June 2013
The 20 tributaries proposed for mapping include a combination of smaller- and larger-primary
tributaries and four secondary (lower order) tributaries that are known to support Chinook or are
in watersheds known to support Chinook. These tributaries are the same 20 tributaries that were
selected for fish sampling as described in Susitna River Fish Distribution and Abundance
Implementation Plan (FDAIP) (AEA 2013).
Tributaries upstream of Devils Canyon selected for fish distribution and
abundance sampling include all known Chinook salmon-bearing tributaries and
other tributaries that are not currently listed in ADF&G’s Anadromous Waters
Catalog (AWC; ADF&G 2012). Initially 20 tributary streams were selected for
sampling based on: AWC catalog listings, drainage basin, historical sampling
efforts, and the potential for impact/inundation from the project.
The selection of these tributaries as being representative for upper river fish distribution and
abundance sampling was approved by FERC in the April 1, 2013 RSP 9.5 SPD (FERC 2013b),
page B-121.
Description of Specific Methods Used for Selection of a 3.1
Representative Sample of Small and Low-order Upper River
Tributaries
Four of the 20 tributaries proposed for mapping in this TM and the draft Final Study Plan were
added in response to FERC’s April 1, 2013 RSP 9.09 Study Plan Determination that
recommended mapping additional smaller and lower order tributaries. The four tributaries were
also added to be consistent with sample site selection in Study 9.5 – FDAIP. The added four
tributaries are shown as shaded grey in Table 1. Note that the added four tributaries are smaller
primary tributaries. No lower-order (secondary) tributaries were added for reasons described in
Section 3.2 below.
In addition to the selection criteria used by fish distribution and abundance (Study RSP 9.5), the
method or rational used for selecting representative tributaries to habitat map above Devils
Canyon is described as follows, in order of priority.
1) Select primary tributaries that represent a range of larger and smaller tributaries that, in
combination, are known to support the species assemblage in the Susitna River watershed
above Devils Canyon.
2) Select primary and secondary (lower order) tributaries that are known to support Chinook
salmon.
3) Select a sub-set of secondary tributaries (lower order) that are in watersheds that are
known to support Chinook salmon.
4) Select tributaries that are within the zone of direct Project impact (reservoir inundation
zone).
TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM CHARACTERIZATION AND MAPPING OF AQUATIC HABITATS TM
Susitna-Watana Hydroelectric Project Alaska Energy Authority
FERC Project No. 14241 Page 4 June 2013
Tributaries above Devils Canyon Proposed in Response to FERC 3.2
Study Plan Determination
The 20 tributaries listed in Table 1 represent the set of selection priorities described above. As
seen in Figure 1 below and in more detail in Appendix B, most smaller- and lower-order
tributaries that have any part in the inundation zone are short, appear to be steep, and only have a
small portion in the inundation zone.
PRM 155.0 to PRM1 187.1 (Appendix B – pgs. 1 and 2): This section of river is below
the proposed dam location. There are no secondary (lower order tributaries) within the
zone of hydrologic influence (ZHI2) in this reach. Fog Creek secondary tributary L1 was
selected for mapping as representative of a secondary tributary in a watershed known to
support Chinook salmon.
PRM 187.1 to PRM 204.0 (Appendix B – pg. 3): This section of river is within the
proposed reservoir inundation zone. There are several secondary tributaries in this reach.
With the exception of Watana Creek, which is documented to support Chinook,
secondary tributary sections within the inundation zone (below 2050 feet elevation) are
mostly short and/or steep. With the exception of Watana Creek, habitat mapping of the
secondary tributaries within the inundation zone was considered to be of lower value so it
is not proposed.
PRM 204.0 to PRM 217.0 (Appendix B – pg. 4 and 6): This section of river is within the
proposed reservoir inundation zone. There are fewer secondary tributaries in this reach.
Secondary tributary sections within the inundation zone (below 2050 feet elevation) are
mostly short and/or steep. Habitat mapping of the secondary tributaries within the
inundation zone was considered to be of lower value so it is not proposed.
PRM 217.0 to PRM 235.2 (Appendix B – pg. 5 and 6): Except for the upper 2 miles, this
section of river is within the proposed reservoir inundation zone. However, in this upper
reach the inundation boundaries do not extend far up the tributaries. All of Oshetna River
and Goose Creek are above inundation zone. Two secondary tributaries, Tsisi Creek on
Kosina Creek and Black River on Oshetna River, were selected in this upper reach,
outside of the inundation zone, because of the known or potential use by Chinook
salmon.
The four smaller primary tributaries that were added in response to the FERC SPD are briefly
described below.
1 Project River Mile (PRM) based on the digitized wetted width centerline of the main channel from 2012 Matanuska-Susitna
Borough digital orthophotos. PRM 0.0 is established as mean lower low water of the Susitna River confluence at Cook Inlet.
2 The ZHI (zone of hydrologic influence) is defined as the approximated section of tributary extending from the Susitna River’s
modeled water’s edge at a 1.5 year flow return interval downstream to the tributary’s confluence with the Susitna River at a base
flow.
TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM CHARACTERIZATION AND MAPPING OF AQUATIC HABITATS TM
Susitna-Watana Hydroelectric Project Alaska Energy Authority
FERC Project No. 14241 Page 5 June 2013
A detailed inventory and description of tributaries above Devils Canyon sampled for fish in 2012
is provided in Appendix A. Appendix A visually demonstrates that the relative size of the 20
tributaries selected for habitat mapping and for 2013/2014 fish distribution and abundance is a
good representation of size in comparison to the range of tributaries. The description includes a
video capture image of the tributary mouth.
Unnamed Tributary - 206.0 (HRM3 203.7)
This unnamed tributary flows into the Susitna River from the south at PRM 206.0. The
stream drains less than 31 mi² and includes a few tributaries and lakes, including Watana
Lake. The main channel of the stream is roughly 7.4 mi long. This stream was assessed
for the presence of adult salmon passage barriers in 2012; no barriers were identified.
Fish distribution sampling occurred downstream of an elevation of 2,050-feet.
Backpack electrofishing was conducted in the main channel over a distance of 100 ft of
stream. Mesohabitat sampled was defined as cascade and pocket-water run (60.0 percent
and 40.0 percent, respectively). A total of 29 fish were captured or observed, all of which
were sculpin. The tributary plume was also sampled with a boat-mounted electrofisher.
Sculpin was the only fish captured or observed.
Unnamed Tributary - 204.3 (HRM 201.8)
This unnamed tributary flows into the Susitna River from the southwest at PRM 204.3.
The stream drains less than 31 mi² and includes a few tributaries and lakes. The main
channel of the stream is roughly 6.2 mi long. High gradient cascades and falls located
roughly 0.4 and 0.6 mi upstream from the Susitna River were identified as potential
barriers to adult salmon. These habitats are located below, or downstream of an elevation
of 2,050-feet. Sampling occurred downstream of these barriers.
Backpack electrofishing was conducted in the main channel of the stream over a total
distance of 33 ft. Mesohabitat sampled was documented as 100 percent riffle. No fish
were captured or observed. The tributary plume was sampled with a backpack
electrofisher. A total of 35 fish were captured or observed, including Arctic grayling
(n=21), sculpin (n=13), and burbot (n=1).
Unnamed Tributary - 197.6 (HRM 194.9)
This unnamed tributary flows into the Susitna River from the south at PRM 197.6. The
stream drains less than 31 mi², and includes a number of tributaries. The main channel of
the stream is roughly 5.4 mi. The channel forks at a point roughly 0.75 mi upstream from
the Susitna River. Multiple falls located on the main (west) channel roughly 1.3 mi
upstream from the Susitna River confluence likely present a barrier to adult salmon. This
habitat is located below, or downstream of the proposed reservoir elevation of 2,050-feet.
Fish distribution sampling was conducted in two segments in this tributary, one located
near the mouth and the other located farther upstream (above an elevation of 2,050-feet),
on the east channel. Sampling was not conducted upstream of the suspected barrier in the
west channel.
3 Historic River Mile (HRM) referencing those of the 1980s APA Project.
TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM CHARACTERIZATION AND MAPPING OF AQUATIC HABITATS TM
Susitna-Watana Hydroelectric Project Alaska Energy Authority
FERC Project No. 14241 Page 6 June 2013
Backpack electrofishing was conducted over a total combined distance of 490 ft.
Sampling occurred at nine discrete mesohabitat units; mesohabitat was defined as run
(n=5, 64.0 percent), riffle (n=3, 26.9 percent), and scour pool (n=3, 9.1 percent).
Additionally, two minnow traps were used at the upper segment. A total of 17 fish were
captured or observed at the downstream site; no fish were captured or observed at the
upstream segment. Fish captured or observed near the mouth included Arctic grayling
(n=3) and sculpin (n=14).
The boat-mounted electrofisher was used to sample habitat in the direct vicinity of
tributary mouths within the Susitna River. The size of the plume was very small. Only
one fish, an Arctic grayling, was captured; one additional unidentified fish was observed
but not netted.
Unnamed Tributary - 194.8 (HRM 192.0)
This unnamed tributary flows into the Susitna River from the north at PRM 194.8. The
tributary drains 124 mi2 and includes a few tributaries and many lakes. The main stream
channel is roughly 7.1 mi long. This stream was assessed for the presence of adult salmon
passage barriers in 2012; no barriers were identified.
Backpack electrofishing was conducted in two discrete segments over a total distance of
677 ft. Runs were the dominant mesohabitat sampled percent. The remaining
mesohabitat sample units were riffle, pocket-water riffle, backwater pool, and scour pool.
A total of 34 fish were captured or observed, including Dolly Varden (n=2), Arctic
grayling (n=3) and sculpin (n=28).
One sample segment was located downstream of the proposed inundation zone and the
other was located upstream of the 2,050-foot elevation. Arctic grayling and sculpin were
present in both segments; the presence of Dolly Varden was documented only at the
upstream segment.
TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM RESPONSE TO FERC STUDY PLAN DETERMINATION – APRIL 1, 2013
Susitna-Watana Hydroelectric Project Alaska Energy Authority
FERC Project No. 14241 Page 7 June 2013
Table 1. Tributaries above Devils Canyon selected for aerial video and ground mapping. Grey shaded tributaries are in addition to those liste d in AEA December 14, 2012 Revised Study Plan.
Primary
Tributary
Secondary
Tributary
Geomorphic
Reach
Project
River
Mile
Total
Stream
Length
Drainage
Area Mi
Approximate
Elevation and
River Mile of
Anadromous
Barrier
Habitat Mapping
Study Area1
Documented
Chinook in
Watershed
Mapping
Method
Species Known to be Present in Tributary or Plume2 Chinook Dolly Varden Lake Trout Arctic Grayling Round Whitefish Humpback Whitefish Whitefish spp. Salmonid spp. Burbot Longnose Sucker Slimy Sculpin Sculpin spp. Rainbow Trout Sampled [NO FISH} Oshetna River – LB UR 3 235.2 55.6 550 None PRM 0.0 to 3.000 ft Yes Aerial and Ground X X X X X X X X
Black River - LB UR 3 12.7 (LB) NI NI None PRM 0.0 to 3,000 ft Yes Aerial and Ground
Goose Creek – LB UR 3 232.6 25.2 103.9 None PRM 0.0 to 2,200 ft NI Aerial and Ground X X X X X
Jay Creek - RB UR 4 211.0 19.6 61.8 None PRM 0.0 to 2,200 ft NI Aerial and Ground X X X X X X X X
Kosina Creek - LB UR 4 206.8 39.5 400.2 None PRM 0.0 to 3,000 ft Yes Aerial and Ground X X X X X X X X X
Tsisi Creek1 - LB UR 4 7.4 (LB) NI NI None PRM 0.0 to 3,000 ft Yes Aerial and Ground
Unnamed Tributary - LB UR 5 206.2 7.43 <31 None PRM 0.0 to 2,200 ft NI Ground only X X
Unnamed Tributary - LB UR 5 204.3 6.2 <31 Possible – PRM 0.5 PRM 0.0 to 2,200 ft NI Ground only X X X
Unnamed Tributary - LB UR 6 197.6 5.4 <31 PRM 1.3 PRM 0.0 to 2,200 ft NI Ground only X X X X
Watana Creek - RB UR 6 196.8 26.9 174.8 None PRM 0.0 to 3,000 Yes Aerial and Ground X X X X X X X X
Watana Tributary -
RB UR 6 8.7 (RB) UNI NI None PRM 0.0 to 3,000 ft Yes Aerial and Ground
Unnamed Tributary - RB UR 6 194.7 7.1 124 None PRM 0.0 to 2,200 ft NI Ground only X X X X X X X
Deadman Creek - RB UR 6 189.3 41.9 175.1 ≈1,700 ft - PRM 0.4 PRM 0.0 to 2,200 ft NI Aerial and Ground X X X X X
Tsusena Creek - RB MR 2 184.6 30.7 145.3 ≈1,700 ft – PRM 3.8 PRM 0.0 to barrier Yes Aerial and Ground X X X X X X X X
Unnamed Tributary - RB MR 2 184.0 10.4 <31 ≈1700 ft – PRM 1.8 PRM 0.0 to barrier NI Aerial and Ground X X X X X X X
Fog Creek2 - LB MR 2 179.3 27.8 147.2 None PRM 0.0 to 3,000 ft Yes Aerial and Ground X X X X X X X X X
Fog Tributary3 - LB MR 2 5.2 (LB) NI NI None PRM 0.0 to 3,000 ft Yes Aerial and Ground X
Devil Creek - RB MR 4 164.8 15.8 74.8 ≈1,400 – PRM 2.2 PRM 0.0 to barrier NI Aerial and Ground X X X X X
Chinook Creek - LB MR 4 160.5 10.6 24.7 None PRM 0.0 to 3,000 ft Yes Aerial and Ground X X
Cheechako Creek - LB MR 4 155.9 10.7 36.4 ≈1,500 – PRM 2.5 PRM 0.0 to barrier Yes Aerial and Ground X X X X
1 Above the proposed dam, for streams in watersheds known to support Chinook salmon, the habitat mapping study area will extend to 3,000 feet unles there is a confirmed Chinook barrier between 2,200 and 3,000 feet elevation; in which case the study area will terminate at the impassable barrier. For streams above
the proposed dam in watersheds not known to support Chinook salmon, the habitat mapping study area will terminate at 2,200 feet elevation. For streams in the Middle River above Devils Canyon that are known to support Chinook salmon, the habitat mapping study area will temrinate at 3,000 feet or the first confirmed Chinook barrier,
whichever is lower in the watershed.
2 Fish species presence based on historical and current surveys. Streams between the low the proppsed dam
3Fog Creek and Fog Creek Tributary were unintionally omitted from this table in the December 14, 2012 Revised Study Plan.
NI: No information available at this time.
TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM RESPONSE TO FERC STUDY PLAN DETERMINATION – APRIL 1, 2013
Susitna-Watana Hydroelectric Project Alaska Energy Authority
FERC Project No. 14241 Page 8 June 2013
Figure 1. Locations of 20 tributaries upstream of Devils Canyon selected for habitat mapping.
TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM RESPONSE TO FERC STUDY PLAN DETERMINATION – APRIL 1, 2013
Susitna-Watana Hydroelectric Project Alaska Energy Authority
FERC Project No. 14241 Page 9 June 2013
4. REFERENCES
ADF&G (Alaska Department of Fish and Game). 2012. Anadromous Waters Catalog.
http://www.sf.adfg.state.ak.us/SARR/AWC/index.cfm. Accessed May 2013.
AEA (Alaska Energy Authority). 2012. Susitna-Watana Hydroelectric Project No 14241-000.
Revised Study Plan (RSP) submitted to FERC December 2012.
AEA. 2013. Susitna River Fish Distribution and Abundance Implementation Plan: Susitna-
Watana Hydroelectric Project FERC Project No. 14241. March 31, 2013.
FERC (Federal Energy Regulatory Commission). Office of Energy Projects. 2013a. February 1,
2013 Study Plan Determination for the Susitna-Watana Hydroelectric Project No 14241-
000. Federal Energy Regulatory Commission.
FERC. Office of Energy Projects. 2013b. April 01, 2013 Study Plan Determination for the
Susitna-Watana Hydroelectric Project No 14241-000. Federal Energy Regulatory
Commission.