HomeMy WebLinkAboutAEA Susitna-Watana Report to the Legislature - 2011REPORT TO THE LEGISLATURE
SUSITNA-WATANA
HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT
SUSITNA-WATANA
HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT
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REPORT
TO
THE
-. LEGISLATURE
Introduction............................................................................4
Summary of Project Design and Operation...................6
Key Resource Issues and Potential Impacts....................9
Design..................................................................................... 14
Need for Power................................................................... 17
ProjectSizing........................................................................21
Expenditures......................................................................... 21
Status......................................................................................22
PublicOutreach...................................................................22
SUSITNA-WATANA
HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT
Alaska Energy Authority Board of Directors
Hugh Short. chairman
Commissioner Susan Bell, vice chair
Commissioner Bryan Butcher, member
Ron Arvin, public member
Wilson Hughes, public member
Robert Sheldon, public member
Gary Wilken, public member
Staff
Sara Fisher -Goad
executive director
Alaska Energy Authority
Project Team
Wayne Dyok
project manager
907-771-3965
wdyok@aidea.org
Bryan Carey
engineering manager
907-771-3 065
bcarey@aidea.org
Betsy McGregor
environmental manager
907-771-3957
bmcgregor@aidea.org
Emily Ford
public outreach liaison
907-771-3961
eford@aidea.org
Sandie Hayes
administrative assistant
907-771-3965
shays@aidea.org
2 1 SUSITNA-WATANA REPORT TO THE LEGISLATURE
Members of the 27th Alaska Legislature:
Alaska is fortunate to have some of the largest opportunities for energy development
in the country. In addition to oil and natural gas, the state has great potential for
renewable energy sources. The Alaska Energy Authority (AEA) assists Alaskans in
developing alternative energy projects across the state. AEA actively supports and
develops viable wind, geothermal, tidal, hydrokinetic, biomass and hydro projects,
Concern about the future cost and supply of fuel and electrical energy generation
for Southcentral and Interior Alaska prompted the Alaska State Legislature to task
AEA with reevaluating hydropower from the Susitna River and developing a Regional
Integrated Resource Plan (RIRP).
The Susitna-Watana Hydroelectric Project will help provide reliable power for future
generations of Alaskans, diversify Alaska's energy portfolio and move toward the State
Energy Policy goal of having 50 percent renewable electric energy sources by 2025.
We present this 2011 Report to the Legislature, pursuant to AS 44.83.085, to provide
a snapshot of where the project is to date. This report summarizes the Susitna-
Watana Hydroelectric Project and activities that are moving the Federal Energy
Regulatory Commission (FERC) licensing process forward.
The AEA Board of Directors and staff are committed to an open, honest and
transparent development process. We are in the initial stages and welcome the
opportunity for input from Alaskans about one of the state's largest infrastructure
projects in recent memory.
Please contact the project team or me with any additional questions.
Sincerely,
ALASKA ENERGY AUTHORITY
Sara Fisher -Goad
Executive Director
SUSITNA-WATANA REPORT TO THF I EGISLATURE 1 3
INTRODUCTION
Project History
The hydroelectric potential of the Susitna River has been studied since
the early 1950s, The first study was completed by the U.S. Bureau of
Reclamation and subsequent reviews were completed by the U.S. Army
Corps of Engineers in the 1970s. Many Alaskans remember the efforts of
the Alaska Power Authority (APA)—now the Alaska Energy Authority —to
develop a two -dam project on the Susitna River in the 1980s. At that time,
the APA submitted a license application to FERC in 1983 for the Watana-
Devils Canyon Project on the Susitna River.
The license application was withdrawn in March 1986, largely due to the
relatively low cost of gas -fired electricity in the Railbelt and the declining
price of oil throughout the 1980s and its impact on the State budget. The
APA concluded that the project's environmental impacts could be mitigated,
but the project was not financially feasible at that time.
Project Need
As the cost of energy continues to increase statewide, long-term, stable
sources of energy are important. Further, much of the generation
and transmission infrastructure of the Railbelt is aging and in need of
replacement. The retiring of the older generation will create a substantial
new demand for Railbelt generation 10 to 20 years from now, regardless of
electricity demand increases.
2011 Progress
AEA was authorized to advance the Susitna-Watana Hydroelectric Project in
Senate Bill 42, which became effective on July 14, 2011. From that date, AEA
focus has been to hire an experienced team, engage stakeholders, complete
data gap analyses to build on the quality data from the 1980s Susitna Project
and to begin the licensing process with FERC.
4 1 SUSITNA-WATANA REPORT TO THE LEGISLATURE
Staffing
AEA opened a project office in October
2011 and added staff in October and
November. Wayne Dyok was selected
as project manager, based on more than
35 years of experience in FERC licensing,
engineering design, environmental studies
and energy planning on hydroelectric
projects. Dyok also served as chief
hydraulic engineer and assistant manager,
and worked on the APA Susitna
Hydroelectric Project in the 1980s.
2011 Highlights
Opened project office and hired staff
Developed website and
communications tools
:+ Prepared data gap analyses
❖ Filed preliminary permit application
with FERC Oct. 25, 2011
❖ Filed Pre -Application Document
(PAD) with FERC Dec. 29, 2011
Investigated dam types and sizes and
assessed energy generation potential
Initiated stakeholder consultation to
Other project -specific staff added in 2011 develop study plans
include the engineering and environmental + Conducted public outreach
managers, public outreach liaison and
administrative assistant. Several AEA staff
play a support role in procurement, Alaska Native issues and technology.
Engaging Stakeholders
A more detailed description of public outreach is outlined later in this report.
Key components of the public outreach efforts were developed in 2011,
including the project website (Susitna-watanahydro.org), a list of stakeholders
who receive up-to-date information, a site visit for FERC staff, agencies and
interested parties and an agreement with the Alaska Resource Library and
Information Services to host historical documents online.
Building on Quality Data
The Susitna Basin was extensively studied during the licensing process of the
1980s Susitna Hydroelectric Project, including more than 3,500 individual
study reports on the river system, wildlife and resources in the region.
Data gap analyses were performed in 2011 in the areas of aquatics, wildlife,
hydrology, water quality, subsistence, socioeconomics, transportation,
SUSITNA-WATANA REPORT TO THE LEGISLATURE 1 5
recreation and cultural resources identifying what we know about the project area
and what data gaps may require additional studies.
Engineering contractor MWH Americas, Inc., was selected as the engineering and
licensing contractor forthe FERC licensing process. Four environmental consulting
firms were selected in a competitive process.
Beginning Licensing Process
AEA filed the Preliminary Permit Application with FERC on Oct. 27, 2011, and
the PAD was fled with FERC on Dec. 29, 2011, beginning the formal licensing
process. While the entire project is still being evaluated and developed, the PAD
provides detailed descriptions of the envisioned project facilities and operations and
information about environmental and socioeconomic conditions that may be affected
by the project. The PAD sets a series of project deadlines in motion and begins an
estimated six -year licensing and design process. The full PAD is available at Susitna-
watanahydro.org.
SUMMARY
OF
PROJECT
DESIGN
AN
D
OPERATION
The proposed Susitna-Watana Hydroelectric Project dam would be located at river
mile 184, which is roughly 90 river miles northeast of Talkeetna. Different dam type
and height configurations are still under consideration, but the Watana Dam height
is expected to be about 700 feet above bedrock. The project would also have a
39-mile-long reservoir, with a maximum width of about two miles.
Preliminary studies indicate that the surface powerhouse should have a nominal
installed capacity of about 600 megawatts (MW). However, optimization studies are
ongoing. For purposes of the PAD, three 200 MW units were selected, but the unit
sizes may be reduced to better accommodate the Railbelt transmission infrastructure
system. Recent studies have placed the annual generation of the plant at 2.5 million
megawatt hours. This amount is nearly 50 percent of the Railbelt's current annual
generation.
6 [ SUSITNA-WATANA REPORT TO THE LEGISLATURE
The current plan is to maximize firm energy of the Susitna-Watana Project during the
critical winter months of November through April. During this time, approximately
44 percent of the energy output, or I.I million MWh, would be delivered to meet
electrical load demands when Railbelt electricity needs are at their highest levels.
The project would operate in a load -following mode, meaning that the amount of
electric power generated would adjust as the demand for Railbelt energy fluctuates
throughout a day. Load -following would be used to the extent permitted based on
the environmental constraints established during the licensing process.
The reservoir would be drafted (i.e. water level fluctuation) annually by an average
of 120 feet. Minimum required instream flow releases from the project have yet to
be determined, but are essential to protecting sensitive aquatic and riparian habitat
and recreation flow requirements, The project would maintain these minimum flows
by releasing water through the powerhouse or low-level outlet works during an
emergency outage of the powerhouse. High flows, during times of maximum power
generation, would be about 14,500 cubic feet per second (cfs).
Flow levels would vary throughout a 24-hour period. Initial models have been made
using the flow criteria developed during the 1980s project studies and specified a
minimum wintertime flow release of 2,000 cfs and a minimum summertime flow
release of varying amounts at or above 9,000 cfs.
SUSITNA-WATANA REPORT TO THE LEGISLATURE 1 7
There are three possible alternatives for road and transmission lines. The Chulitna
Corridor runs west from the project site along the north side of the Susitna River,
connecting to the Alaska Intertie and the Alaska Railroad nearthe Chulitna station.
The second possibility is the Gold Creek Corridor, which runs west from the project
site along the south side of the Susitna River, connecting to the Alaska Intertie and the
Alaska Railroad near the Gold Creek station. A third corridor, the Denali Corridor,
runs north and would connect the dam site to the Denali Highway by road over
about 44 miles. If transmission lines are run north up the Denali Corridor, they would
need to also run west along the existing Denali Highway to connect to the Alaska
Intertie near Cantwell.
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8 1 SUSITNA-\VATANA REPORT TO THE LEGISLATURE
The proposed project is on land owned partly by Alaska Native Claims Settlement
Act (ANCSA) regional and village corporations, the Bureau of Land Management
(BLM) and State -selected lands.
AEA determined it would follow the FERC Integrated Licensing Process (ILP) as the
most appropriate licensing process for the Susitna-Watana Hydroelectric Project,
The ILP is the FERC default process and an applicant cannot use any other licensing
process without FERC approval.
The ILP provides a defined structure for the licensing process, including timeframes
for licensing activities, formal study plan determination and early National
Environmental Protection Act (NEPA) scoping. As part of its commitment to provide
ample opportunities for public and agency input throughout the process, AEA
initiated informal consultation with resource agencies, Alaska Native entities and the
public before filing the PAD with FERC.
KEY RESOURCE ISSUES AND
POTENTIAL IMPACTS
The Susitna-Watana Hydroelectric Project will be located in a remote region of
Alaska on the Upper Susitna River and will impact the natural resources in positive
and adverse ways during construction and long-term operations.
AEA has attempted to identify potential natural resource issues for the licensing
process and has reviewed existing information, performed data gap analyses and held
preliminary discussions with agencies, Alaska Native entities and other stakeholders.
These efforts have identified preliminary resource issue topics that will continue to be
developed and refined through the ILP and preparation of the study plan.
The Project Study Plan will be fled with FERC in June 2012 and AEA intends on
holding advance resource workgroup meetings to facilitate consultation with licensing
participants on the development of the study designs and subsequently the Revised
Study Plan. As studies are completed, some potential issues may be identified as not
having impacts on the project area.
SUSITNA-VVATANA REPORT TO THE LEGISLATURE 1 9
Issues to be evaluated and potential project -related impacts will likely include the
following:
❖ Geology and soil issues covering direct short-term effects of
construction activities on the landscape as well as long-term effects of
project operation, including altered river flows and reservoir fluctuations.
Potential impacts to be analyzed may include reservoir -induced seismicity,
reservoir bank instability, sediment transport blockage and surface soil
erosion.
❖ Water resource issues covering flow timing and quantity changes, river
ice formation and changes in downstream flows and water levels.
❖ Water quality issues including effects of construction and long-term
operation on key water quality parameters such as turbidity, temperature,
dissolved solids, nutrients and dissolved gas. Potential impacts might involve
changes in water temperature affecting aquatic species and overall water
quality changes impacting aquatic and terrestrial habitats. It is possible a
reduction in turbidity downstream of the dam could benefit some fishery
resources.
:• Geomorphology issues covering sediment transport, changes in
upstream and downstream river channel morphology and shoreline erosion.
Potential impacts may involve changes in aquatic habitat in the Middle and
Lower Susitna River, changes in spawning due to altered river morphology
and reduced sediment loading and woody debris as a result of dam
construction blocking transport.
❖ Fisheries resource issues including changes to aquatic habitats,
evaluation of fish distribution, composition, and migration considerations,
instream flow requirements, and impacts to special status species. Potential
changes might include enhanced quality of downstream habitat through
moderation of natural high flows. There may also be changes to riverine
habitat, varying access to spawning sloughs and impediments to salmon
migration.
❖ Wildlife resource issues including alteration and/or loss of habitat,
effects of the reservoir, roads and transmission lines on wildlife movement
and migration patterns, potential increased mortality and impacts to
10 1 SUSITNA-WATANA REPORT TO THE LI GISLATURE
special status species. Potential impacts may include loss of habitats, habitat
degradation, hazards and barriers to animal movements and migration and
effects of an expected gradual increase in human use of the area.
❖ Botanical resource issues including changes to vegetation, wetlands
and riparian assemblages, and potential impacts to special status species.
Potential impacts may include loss of wetlands, vegetation and riparian
habitats from construction of the reservoir and other project features and
from changes in the natural, historic river flow patterns.
❖ Recreation, land use and aesthetic issues including direct short-
term effects of construction activities as well as the long-term effects
of operation, including altered river flows and reservoir fluctuations.
Potential impacts might include changes in river access and downstream
navigation during certain periods, winter use of the river corridor, effects
on fishing, hunting and trapping opportunities, changes in future land use
and ownership due to increased access to the area, visibility of the dam,
powerhouse, road and transmission lines from important viewpoints and
visual effects of fluctuating reservoir elevations throughout the year.
Cultural resource issues covering construction and operation effects
on cultural resource sites, including prehistoric, protohistoric or historic
properties. Potential impacts may include inadvertent site damage or
alteration during construction, vandalism, inundation of known sites by the
reservoir and adverse effects of increased human use on traditional spiritual
areas. Aesthetic changes to a surrounding historic landscape may also affect
the historic and cultural significance of a property.
❖ Subsistence resource issues covering changes in subsistence fishing
and hunting opportunities due to effects on fish and wildlife populations.
Subsistence activities would be affected if there was a change in animal
populations, or distribution of animals, if access to subsistence resources
were changed, or if it disrupted traditional subsistence activities.
❖ Socioeconomic and transportation resource issues including
those related to construction activities and long-term operation. Potential
impacts may include demands on resources and local economic effects of a
large construction workforce rapidly being mobilized and then demobilized
when construction is completed, increased visitation to the area both during
construction and as a result of the project's presence and secondary land
SUSITNA-WATANA REPORT TO THE LEGISLATURE 1 11
development impacts on the areas economy. Potential beneficial effects
include creation of jobs, increased economic activity and long-term lower
cost electricity.
Fish and Wildlife
Greater potential impacts on aquatic habitats downstream from the dam site are
expected more within the Middle Susitna River reach than in other areas. The Middle
Susitna River encompasses the 86-mile section between the proposed dam site and
Chulitna River confluence. The river flows from Watana Canyon into Devils Canyon,
the narrowest and steepest reach on the Susitna River. Devils Canyon rapids form a
barrier to the migration of pink, chum, coho and sockeye salmon. Only a few Chinook
salmon have been documented migrating above Devils Canyon.
Downstream from Talkeetna, the inflow from the Talkeetna and Chulitna Rivers
reduce the magnitude of impact that could be caused by project operations. Previous
studies focused on the Middle Susitna River. The study area will be expanded to
include assessment during the licensing studies of potential impacts downstream of
the Talkeetna River, including possible impacts on the Cook Inlet Beluga Whale, which
has recently been listed as endangered under the Endangered Species Act.
At least 38 species of terrestrial mammals occur in the Susitna River Basin. The bulk
of studies completed to this point have focused on mammals —especially big game —
because of its ecological importance and management concerns for human use
including subsistence, sport hunting and wildlife viewing. This includes moose, caribou,
Dall's sheep, brown bear, black bear, wolf and wolverine.
At least 142 bird species are known or are likely to occur in the Susitna Basin. All
migratory species of birds are protected under the federgal Migratory Bird Treaty Act
and several migratory bird conventions. Eagles are also protected under the federal
Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act.
Alaska Native Resources
The Susitna River Basin has been used for subsistence hunting, fishing and gathering,
12 1 SUSITNA-wATANA REPORT TO THE LEGISLATURE
travel to other areas and settlement. It is an area with a long traditional history and
cultural importance to Alaska Natives.
Alaska Native interests encompass fish and aquatic resources, wildlife and botanical
resources, subsistence resources, cultural resources and recreation and land use
resources.
Of the more than 229 Alaska Native groups federally recognized as Indian tribes
in Alaska, 22 are located within, or in close proximity to, the Susitna-Watana
Hydroelectric Project areas that may be affected by project operations. There are
also three regional corporations, 14 village corporations, five group corporations, and
one urban corporation with land or other resource interests that may be affected by
the project. These Alaska Native entities are identified in detail in the PAD found at
Susitna-watanahydro.o rg.
To understand the specific nature of their respective interests and land ownership, it
will be important to effectively communicate and engage in further consultation with
these Alaska Native entities, in a manner consistent with not only government -to -
government policies, but within the public involvement framework.
Environmental Commitments
AEA is committed to mitigating adverse impacts and enhancing environmental
resources when possible in developing the Susitna-Watana Hydroelectric Project.
As part of its FERC licensing proposal, AEA will work toward developing a
comprehensive resource management plan for protection and enhancement of
environmental resources. This may include control plans for sediment and erosion and
revegetation; instream flow release plans; historic properties management; road and
access management; avoiding and/or minimizing impacts associated with construction
activities; restoring disturbed river areas to provide fish habitat and reestablishing
fish in restored areas; addressing aesthetic concerns; developing cultural resource
protection measures; and avoiding negative traffic and population impacts on nearby
communities.
SUSITNA-WATANA REPORT TO THE LEGISLATURE 1 13
Early Start 2012 Studies
AEA intends to initiate certain studies early to jumpstart the licensing process. Under
the formal FERC licensing process, it takes almost a year from the issuance of the PAD
to when FERC will approve the Susitna-Watana Hydroelectric Project Study Plan.
Field work and formal studies will be conducted in 2013 and 2014.
To avoid losing a year of potential environmental data collection, AEA will begin
collecting data in 2012. Some of this early data may be critical for other studies,
particularly if 2013 or 2014 have abnormal weather, runoff or other environmental
factors. As a result, AEA is planning on conducting studies on fisheries, water quantity
and quality, sediment transport and geomorphology, wildlife and botanical studies,
cultural resources and recreation in 2012. The complete list of planned studies is
included in the PAD at Susitna-watanahydro.org.
DESIGN
The proposed dam site is to be located on the Susitna River at river mile 184
above the river mouth, in a broad U-shaped valley, approximately halfway between
Anchorage and Fairbanks.
The Watana Dam will be a concrete gravity structure, most likely constructed by
roller compacted concrete (RCC). Different dam type and height configurations are
still under consideration, but the dam height is expected to be about 700 feet above
bedrock. Optimization studies of the project during licensing may result in a proposal
for a nominal curve in the dam resulting in an arch -gravity structure that would
benefit the stability of the dam. The project would also have a 39-mile-long reservoir,
with a maximum width of about two miles.
To the extent possible, construction materials for the dam and appurtenant structures
will consist of rock from the structure excavations in an effort to minimize quarry
development. Stable excavations and rock cuts will be designed with suitable rock
reinforcement and berms.
During construction, the Susitna River will be diverted through an approximately
1,800-foot concrete -lined diversion tunnel on the north side of the river, together
with a sluice through the base of the concrete dam.
14 1 SUSITNA-WATANA REPORT TO THI. I EGISLATURE
Support Facilities
Construction of the Watana Dam site development will require various temporary
and permanent facilities relating to the operation and maintenance of the
Susitna-Watana Hydroelectric Project.
The most significant item among the temporary site facilities will be a construction
camp, which will largely be a self-sufficient community. It will normally house about
800 workers during the construction of the project, but with a peak capacity of up to
1,000 people.
After construction, it is planned to remove most of the construction camp facility.
Permanent facilities will be retained to support the small number of permanent
operation and maintenance staff, including community facilities for staff and family
members, maintenance buildings and an airstrip.
Power
Studies to determine the optimum size of the project are ongoing, The capacity of the
Susitna-Watana Hydroelectric Project eventually proposed for licensing is expected
to be 600- to 800 MW. The actual proposed size will depend on results of studies on
future electrical demand needs and environmental considerations.
The primary operating objectives of the Susitna-Watana Hydroelectric Project
include:
❖ Maximize firm power generation from November through April.
❖ Generate power while meeting minimum flow requirements at Gold
Creek (determined during the licensing process and based primarily on
environmental considerations).
❖ Maximize power generation from May through October without reducing
the firm power generation November through April.
❖ Generate power according to Railbelt-area power requirements, within
restrictions arising from the other operating objectives to the extent
possible.
SUSITNA-WATANA REPORT TO THt I. EGISLATURE 1 15
The powerhouse will be located immediately downstream of the dam. With a
600 MW installed capacity, the powerhouse would initially contain three
200 MW turbine -generator sets and would be constructed with an additional bay
to accommodate a potential capacity increase. The exact number and size of the
generating units to be installed will be determined during the feasibility studies
conducted prior to submitting the license application.
The firm energy of the project during the critical November through April time frame
is anticipated to be I.1 million MWh. As currently envisioned, up to three 230-kilovolt
(W) primary transmission lines will be constructed. They will travel westward to a
point of interconnection with the Alaska Intertie near Chulitna or Gold Creek, or
northward to a point of interconnection with the Railbelt Intertie near Cantwell to
deliver project output to the existing Railbelt electrical system.
There would be two outlet works facility structures, used only during emergencies
and high -flow events, and four power intake structures. The outlet works facility, in
conjunction with the three powerhouse units, will be sized to allow for the discharge
of a 50-year flood before flow would be discharged over the spillway.
Site Access and Transmission Facilities
The primary objective of both temporary and permanent site access facilities is to
provide a transportation system to support construction, operation and maintenance
activities of the Susitna-Watana Hydroelectric Project. Another goal is to co -
locate access roads and transmission facilities in the same corridor to minimize
environmental impacts and reduce current and future costs. (See map on page 8 for
reference)
AEA proposes studying three corridor options, all evaluated in 2011 by the Alaska
Department of Transportation and Public Facilities (ADOT&PF):
I. The Denali Corridor: A new 44-mile road includes a railhead facility at
Cantwell and would start at milepost 113.7 of the Denali Highway. It is
assumed that there would be improvements to approximately 30 miles of
16 1 SUSITNA-WATANA RFPORT TO THE LEGISI ATURE
the Denali Highway near Cantwell to support the increased traffic during
construction. This route was selected as the preferred route during the
1980s Susitna Project.
2. Chulitna: Starting at a new railroad facility at the Chulitna station, the
45-mile road runs east -west along the north side of the Susitna River,
crossing Indian River before heading into the Portage Creek Valley, and
crossing Devil and Tsusena Creeks before reaching Watana Camp.
3. Gold Creek: This road runs east -west along the south side of the Susitna
River, starting at a new railroad facility to be constructed at the Gold Creek
station. From Gold Creek, the route follows the Susitna River to the south
bank and is approximately 50 miles long.
The two east -west routes would not connect with a public road, but would terminate
at the railhead at Chulitna or Gold Creek.
NEED FOR POWER
The Railbelt Region covers a significant area of Alaska and has large population
centers. It extends from Homer to Fairbanks and includes Anchorage and the Mat -
Su Valley. Demand for electric power in the Railbelt potentially includes military
bases, which are currently considering privatizing their utility operations. The Railbelt
currently generates about I I percent of its electric energy needs from renewable
sources that come primarily from the Bradley Lake, Cooper Lake and Eklutna
Hydroelectric Projects,
The Railbelt Integrated Resources Plan (RIRP) assumed future development of a
combination of large hydroelectric, wind and geothermal resources to achieve the
State's 50 percent renewable energy target. For development of the RIRP, load
forecasts were provided by the Railbelt utilities. Because the RIRP Study has a 50-year
planning horizon, load forecast data was extrapolated through 2060.
SUSITNA-WATANA RI PORT TO THE LEGISLATURE 1 17
Projected Annual Railbelt Electrical Energy Load
Year I Load (MWh)
2011
5,377,800
2025
5,636,000
2030
5,806,300
2040
6,157,400
2050
6,523,200
2060
6,905,000
Source: RIRP Table 6-4
Winter Peak Demand Forecast for Combined Railbelt Utilities
Currently, the Railbelt utilities maintain a 30 percent reserve margin above these
peak load values.
Year I Load (MW)
2011
869.3
2025
927.5
2030
959.0
2040
1,024.1
2050
1,092.0
2060
1,163.0
Source: RIRP Table 6-1
The following load projection from the RIRP illustrates the scenario used to model
the various future supply options and compare total system power costs under a
wide variety of underlying assumptions.
18 1 SUSITNA-WATANA REPORT TO THE LEGISLATLIRE
Capacity Requirements
Capacity Requirements Including Committed Units with Demand Side Management/
Energy Efficiency (DSM/EE)
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As indicated, even with DSM/EE reductions, existing resources are only sufficient to
meet overall demands, including reserve requirements, until about the year 2029.
Without these demand reductions, new generating resources will be needed much
sooner. As indicated, with DSM/EE reductions, total capacity requirements, including
a 30 percent reserve margin allowance, are estimated to be 1,400 MW by the year
2060. This assumes that DSM/EE measures are implemented to reduce demand
over that time frame. Without this level of DSM/EE load reductions, total capacity
requirements would be about 130 MW higher, totaling close to 1,530 MW.
The primary operating objective for the Susitna-Watana Hydroelectric Project is to
maximize firm power generation during the winter months of November through
April. The reservoir would be drafted on a daily and seasonal basis to meet this
objective. The average annual total generation is estimated to be 2.5 million MWh,
corresponding to an average of 285 MW of continuous power. Firm power (98
percent reliable) output averages 250 MW from November through April and
223 MW for the entire year.
SUSITNA-WATANA REPORT TO THE LEGISLATURE 1 19
AEA filed the PAD based on a 700-foot-high Watana Dam with a 600 MW
powerhouse, leaving open the possibility of constructing a project with greater
powerhouse capacity. The final decision on dam height will need to be made by the
time the license application is filed in 2015, preferably sooner to minimize study costs.
Key parameters in deciding project size include:
•3 Projected future Railbelt electrical load
Annual, daily and hourly project generation relative to system needs to
account for energy diversity and reliability
❖ Utility commitments to other generations
4- Project firm energy during the November through April critical energy
period
❖ Required minimum environmental flows, particularly during the summer
months
❖ Incremental project cost
:• State of Alaska investment
••• Financing costs
Initial project cost data will not be available until early February 2012 and the State
investment and financing costs may not be known for several years. The assumption
is that the State would make an investment in the project similarto the Bradley Lake
financing approach.
The Susitna-Watana energy rates would remain stable overtime. The financing
rate also could influence the selected project size. Today's bond financing rates are
less than 6 percent, but they could be higher in the future. A sensitivity analysis
was conducted with capital cost financing at both 6 and 4 percent. With the U.S.
Department of Agriculture Rural Utilities Service (RUS) financing at about 3 percent
today, an overall rate of 4 percent may be achievable with a blended financing rate
of RUS and State -issued bonds. The 6 percent case is a conservative rate in today's
market.
Based on the initial project estimates of $4.5 billion and no State investment:
20 1 SUSITNA-WATANA REPORT TO THE LEGISLATURE
PROJ ECT SIZI N G
❖ 6 percent financing would result in —$13 cents/kWh
❖ 4 percent financing (available through RUS) would result in --$ I I cents/kWh
Based on the initial project estimates of $4.5 billion and $2-3 billion in State
investment (similarto the Bradley Lake financing model):
❖ 6 percent financing would result in —$6 cents/kWh
❖ 4 percent financing would result in —$5 cents/kWh
These wholesale costs do not include operations and maintenance, although
hydropower statistically has low operations and maintenance costs. This also does not
include any necessary upgrades to the transmission system.
EXPENDITURES
Susitna-Watana Hyrdoelectric Project
Status Report as of Dec. 31, 2011
Project Costs
(in thousands of dollars)
Travel
Personal Services
Contractual
Supplies
Equipment
Total Project Costs
Funding Sources
FY2009IFY2011
FY2011
FY2012
Subtotal
ACTUAL
ACTUAL
To Date
Actuals
Encumbrance Commitment
Total
11.1
6.0
12.9
40.0
- -
40.0
69.4
73.7
39.0
182.1
0.0 0.0
182.1
1,057.5
1,243.6
3,100.3
5,401.1
4,253.8 561.4
10,216.6
0.8
14.9
18.2
33.8
-
33.8
-
62.1
62.1
5.7
67.7
1,138.8 1,348.2 3,232.4 5,719.4 4,253.8 567.0 10,540.2
(in thousands of dollars)
FY2009 FY2011 FY2012
Total
Railbelt Energy Fund
1,500.0 - -
1.500.0
General Fund
- 5.640.0 3,130.4
8,770.4
Railbelt Energy Fund
- - 65,700.0
65,700.0
Total Funding Sources
1,500.0 5,640.0 68,830.4
75,970.4
SUSITNA-WATANA REPORT TO THE LEGISLATURE 1 21
STATUS
The filing of the PAD begins the formal design and licensing process that is anticipated
to take six years. In order to facilitate the licensing process, AEA will conduct select
studies in 2012 and FERC-approved study plans will be executed in 2013 and 2014.
The license application will be filed in 2015, with the FERC license anticipated
early in 2017. Construction would begin later that year and the project would be
commissioned in 2023.
Ftqure 2-1, Susitna-Watans Licensing Schedule Sumatary'
LicensingActivitiesFeb Mar '' ®f:'JINS=� t
NRIIPAIi Filed 17F 14
In.mal4..tasr-az Katlr ranso;aa
U j
FERC Scoping Document 1 j
FERC Scaping Meetings
l
PAD Comments u Study Requests Due
AEA Study ?tan & ".:ep-mng 15a ura;ai 2 to
d
Initiat Study Plan Meetings
i
Study Plan Comments Due
AEA Revised Study Plan Due
1
R wised Study Plan r%MMLOS 13ue
Ft=£tC SwAy Plan Det,er;eraabiurr
Implement Studies
--
ABf3
implement ILP Studies
AEA initial Study Report Due
Study Plan Moutings I
❑
AEA Updated Study Plan & Notes Due i
201) —...
FERC Approves Study Plan Modifications I ❑I I I I
Implement ILP Studies
A€A Updated Study Report Due j }
Study Plan Meetings I I
I
❑
AEA Updated Study Plan Sr Notes Due
201'a
FERC Approves Notes & Implement Study Plan Al I II
Complete ILP Studies
Ar4Ps�climanarytacens,;egl�aGcsal;PHrt I
Comments an PLP Due I
AEA Files. License Application
O Study Ruiois A XaCates El Mee5ngs ttlVixkiek: =rH:a'gs 0 b� otatnct;; ...-a 18il-41?I E5
PUBLIC OUTREACH
AEA is committed to an open and honest dialogue with multiple opportunities for
public contribution. It is essential to engage stakeholders early and often throughout
the process and incorporate feedback into the project development.
22 1 SUSITNA-WATANA REPORT TO THE LI GISLATURE
In 2011, AEA staff and contractors began informal outreach in advance of the
FERC licensing process. This outreach included stakeholder meetings with Alaska
Native entities, impacted communities, resource agencies, lawmakers and utilities.
Presentations were made to trade groups and environmental organizations. Roughly
30 stakeholder meetings and presentations were held during the last quarter of 2011.
The formal public outreach plan and effort was being developed at the time this
publication was being printed. As part of the FERC licensing process, consultation
records will be maintained for subsequent filing with FERC.
Site Visit
A FERC site visit was conducted on Aug. 29, 2011. This provided interested parties
an opportunity to view the project site conditions and surrounding area. The public
was noticed and invited to participate at their own expense. That same day and again
on Sept. I, 2011, FERC staff also conducted public meetings to provide information
and answer questions about FERC licensing processes and the ILP process. Attendees
of the site visit and public meetings included FERC staff, Alaska Legislators, State and
federal resource agencies, AEA and the public.
As part of the FERC ILP, the project site visit is normally conducted within 90 days
after filing the Notice of Intent and is typically held in conjunction with the scoping
visit. AEA informed FERC of its intent to file the PAD and Notice of Intent in late
2011, and filed them on Dec. 29. The site visit was conducted early to accommodate
FERC staff who attended a hydropower conference in August and to avoid logistical
and safety risks if the site visit had been conducted during winter months or in the
early spring.
Alaska Native Entities
As owners of land surrounding the Susitna-Watana Hydroelectric Project, and lands
that will be impacted by its construction, collaborative relationships with Alaska
Native entities will be key to a successful licensing process. Emphasis has been placed
on understanding the complex relationships between tribes, villages and regional
SUSITNA-WATANA REPORT TO THE LEGISLATURE 1 23
corporations in the project area, In addition to having a full-time public outreach
liaison dedicated to the Susitna-Watana Hydroelectric Project, the team is drawing
from the expertise of the AEA rural community outreach coordinator and vice
president of rural energy.
Between November I and December 14, project staff met with representatives
from Cook Inlet Region, Inc., Ahtna, Inc., Tyonek, Inc., Knikatnu and the Native Village
of Cantwell. Outreach will be ongoing with the goal of developing collaborative
relationships.
Impacted Communities
The Susitna-Watana Hydroelectric Project is a Railbelt energy project and as such,
impacted communities span from Fairbanks to Homer, up to the Copper River Basin.
In 2011, AEA gave presentations about the project in the following communities:
Fairbanks, Cantwell, Talkeetna, Chugiak-Eagle River, Anchorage and Kenai. Additional
outreach is planned for 2012 including Copper River communities.
In the PAD, AEA has recommended FERC scoping meetings at the following locations:
March 27: Anchorage, Loussac Public Library
March 27: Wasilla, Menard Sports Center
March 28: Talkeetna, Su -Valley Jr/Sr High School
March 29: Fairbanks, Carlson Center
March 30: Glennallen, Bureau of Land Management Office
Agencies
Successful collaboration with State and federal resource agencies is essential, especially
recognizing deadlines in the FERC ILP. Two-day agency work sessions were held
in October and December with a goal of gathering input from resource agencies
to shape future work plans and identify potential needs. AEA has met with federal
agencies, including the Department of Interior, to coordinate federal efforts and to
ensure effective communication.
24 1 SUSITNA-WATANA REPORT TO THE LEGISLATURE
Access to Information
A project of this size generates volumes of data and reports, both current and
historical. Providing access to this information is important to the resource agencies
and members of the public. AEA entered an agreement with Alaska Resources
Library and Information Services (ARLIS) to house historical information online at
Arlis.org. These documents can be searched by title and topic.
Information is updated frequently at Susitna-watanahydro.org, including meeting
schedules, notes, documents and frequently asked questions. Interested parties can
also sign up for online email notices.
SUSITNA-WATANA REPORT TOT] I E LEGISLATURE 1 25
Vendors Engaged in the Process
•8 ABR, Inc. (wildlife data gap analysis and environmental
technical assistance)
❖ CardnoEntrix (project management support and study plan
development)
❖ DOWL HKM (technical assistance and study plan
development)
•3 Electric Power Systems (transmission study)
❖ HDR Alaska, Inc. (coordination and data review, technical
assistance, stakeholder engagement, aquatic, air and
transportation, social and tribal resources gap analyses)
:• MWH America's Inc (FERC licensing services, surveying
and mapping, geotechnical services, planning and
management support)
❖ R&M Consultants, Inc (report and document review,
conceptual design and cost estimate, research)
Seattle Northwest Securities (cost of power estimate)
:• URS Alaska LLC (sediment and water quality data gap
analysis)
❖ Prism Helicopters (site visits)
:• Evergreen Helicopters (site visits)
❖ Last Frontier Air Ventures (site visits)
❖ Van Ness Feldman (counsel)
26 1 SUSITNA-WATANA REPORT TO THE LEGISLATURE