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Bradley Lake Spill Prevention Control SPCC PLan 1994
Alaska Energy Authority March 14,1994 Mr.Mike Yerkes Bradley Lake Project Manager Homer Electric Association 3977 Lake Street Homer,Alaska 99603 Subject:Bradley Lake SPCC Plan Dear Mr.Yerkes: Enclosed for Homer Electric's use are five (5)updated copies of the SPCC Plan for the Bradley Lake Hydroelectric Project and associated SVC's. If you have any questions,please do not hesitate to call me. Permits &Rights-of-Way Specialist Enclosure as stated WP0068.DOC 480 West Tudor Road,Anchorage,Alaska 99503-6690 (907)561-8050 ALASKA E}NERGY AUTHORITY a Spill Prevention Control and Countermeasure Plan (SPCC Plan) Bradley Lake Hydroelectric Power Facility Kachemak Bay Near Homer,Alaska Including Daves Creek SVC Station Soldotna SVC Station February 1994 OIL SPILL NOTIFICATION LIST SPILL OBSERVERS: 1.Locate and control leak 2.Alert site foreman | | | I BRADLEY LAKE Site FOREMAN: 235-4444 SITE FOREMAN: 1.Determines emercency safety response and initial response 2.Alerts the Alaska Energy Authority 3.Directs the cleanup ALERT AEA ANCHORAGE OFFICE:REQUEST CLEANUP ASSISTANCE FROM: 907-561-8050 VCRA Environmental Services,Anchorage,907-349-4827 1.AEA notifies regulatory agencies Abbott Environmental,Anchorage,907-344-7027 Underwater Construction,Anchorage,907-349-7588 FOR REGULATORY AGENCIES See Table 3 Note:Procurement of services must be done in compliance with State procurement codes. BRAOLEY LAKE HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT HOMER ,ALASKA, OIL SPILL PREVENTION CONTROL AND COUNTERMEASURES PLAN,FEBRUARY 1994 SPILL PREVENTION CONTROL AND COUNTERMEASURES PLAN (SPCC PLAN) BRADLEY LAKE HYDROELECTRIC POWER FACILITY KACHEMAK BAY NEAR HOMER AND INCLUDING DAVES CREEK SVC STATION SOLDOTNA SVC STATION Alaska Energy Authority 480 West Tudor Road Anchorage,Alaska 99503-6690 Revised February 1994 CERTIFICATION SPILL PREVENTION CONTROL AND COUNTERMEASURES PLAN BRADLEY LAKE HYDROELECTRIC PLANT Owner:Alaska Energy Authority (AEA)Operator:Homer Electric Assoc. 480 West Tudor Road 3977 Lake Street Anchorage,Alaska 99503-6690 Homer,Alaska 99603 (907)561-8050 (907)235-3335 Type of facility:Hydroelectric Power Generation and Transmission Date of initial operations:September,1991 Location of facility:Hydroelectric plant at Kachemak Bay near Homer,Alaska Designated person responsible for oil spill prevention: Mr.Mike Yerkes,Bradley Lake Project Manager Homer Electric Association Office -(907)235-3335 24 Hour -(907)235-4444 Oil spill history:Refer to Appendix D Management approval:This spill prevention control and countermeasures (SPCC) plan and accompanying recommendations for the Bradley Lake hydroelectric project will be implemented as described herein. Date:3/lol 94Signature: William R.Snell,Executive Director Alaska Energy Authority Certification: l,Remy G.Williams,a registered Professional Engineer in the State of Alaska, hereby certify that |have reviewed this SPCC plan,and,being familiar with the provisions of 40 CFR 112,attest that this SPCC plan has been prepared in accordance with good engineering practices. Signature:Com LEM.Date:3-O-94AlaskaReg.No.47p4 BRADLEY LAKE HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT HOMER ,ALASKA, OIL SPILL PREVENTION CONTROL AND COUNTERMEASURES PLAN,FEBRUARY 1994 Page i TABLE OF CONTENTS Page CERTIFICATION ........ccccccscccesccscnssceesscntsceeeseeeeeeseseeseeceseseseeeeeseseseeneseneueneeees i 1.0 INTRODUCTION .........cccccccescecescsecestseeecnerecesneensecenseeseseereeeaeessereseneneuaee 1 2.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION ........cccccsccscccescecsccscecccceceesetsersesaessustsensssceaeeones 1 2.1 FUEL STORAGE AREA ........ccccccesecsceccececneeseetecsceanesseneessceseeseseseneess 2 2.2 POWERHOUSE........:cceccsscevssccssscceccncncsessecesetessceceecesseeeusseeeeeeneneeess 2 2.3 DAM SITE .....ccsccsscccessccccccssenterececussenrssereneesseeeseneesenseseuseseurecueeseree 2 2.4 BRADLEY SWITCHYARD ..........:ecesecsccceceteccceseeeeeasesscneessseasenessneesers 2 2.5 DAVES CREEK SVC STATION .........cccscecscesscsececesecencceseseeserscuenseesers 3 2.6 SOLDOTNA SVC STATION ........cccsccccecscscescnccseneeeesccncecceseccesecceeneses 3 3.0 SPILL PREVENTION AND CONTROL .........cccccscececetscsesecesecesseseseuessesenenes 6 3.1 PLAN FOR PREVENTION ........:csccessscecscccsssceueusetersescecesesessesesnsasesees 6 3.2 REGULAR INSPECTION .........ccccccecetscececsscrercseueseseneeesensacasersteresaeones 6 3.3 PROVIDE TRAINING.........sccccssccscvscscecseecsessvetscssecneeceeseenensessseeseesees 6 3.4 KNOW SPILL CONTROL MEASURES ...........ccccccssccscesscsceessceseseseeeseses 6 3.5 NOTIFICATION AND SPILL REPORTING ............scscsccscescecesescsscveserssees 8 3.B DISPOSAL......cccccecesecccncscscnentsrsreeeeeeueeesenenssesseeeeesesneeeneeseaseeeeesensers 8 APPENDICES APPENDIX A:TITLE 40,CODE OF FEDERAL REGULATIONS,PART 112 - OIL POLLUTION PREVENTION APPENDIX B:AEA BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES MANUAL,OIL SPILL CONTINGENCY PLANNING APPENDIX C:TITLE 40,CODE OF FEDERAL REGULATIONS,PART 266, SUBPART H,HAZARDOUS WASTE BURNED IN BOILERS AND INDUSTRIAL FURNACES,AND SUBPART E,USED OIL BURNED FOR ENERGY RECOVERY APPENDIX D:OIL SPILL HISTORY BRADLEY LAKE HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT HOMER ,ALASKA, OIL SPILL PREVENTION CONTROL AND COUNTERMEASURES PLAN,FEBRUARY 1994 Page ii NOohOND4ahwh=LIST OF TABLES Page MASTER LIST OF OIL STORAGE ..........:ccccecsescesececceceevecerssseesecseeeeseeseens 4 OIL SPILL NOTIFICATION LIST ............cscccessccccscececececescnsececessecssesessosseas 9 AGENCY NOTIFICATION CHART ..........cceseceseecececcscseseesseecserstnuseeseasees 10 INITIAL SPILL REPORT .........cccccccccsccscusceseecessenscesesssecsecssececeuceecteceerees 11 WRITTEN REPORT INFORMATION REQUIREMENTS FOR ADEC............00 12 SUMMARY OF DISPOSAL OPTIONS .........cccecescscesescccceccnceeesccecesseseseeeees 13 POTENTIAL ORGANIZATION FOR DISPOSAL/RECOVERY OF OIL SPILL MATERIALS.........cccccescecescecseneesenceesecensenseeseneeeseceesereaseereseesneseees 13 LIST OF FIGURES Following Page BRADLEY LAKE PROJECT LOCATION MAP...........csccsseccscsccscsccnsecvensssenes 2 SVC STATION LOCATION MAP........cccsccscscessenrecssessecesesceeessacessceersseees 2 BRADLEY LAKE HYDRO PROJECT SITE PLAN ...........cccceccscsceseeeeceseneeeees 2 DAVES CREEK SVC STATION SITE PLAN ........cccsesceccecsccceccecesceesenseseeees 3 BRADLEY LAKE HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT HOMER ,ALASKA, OIL SPILL PREVENTION CONTROL AND COUNTERMEASURES PLAN,FEBRUARY 1994 Page iii 1.0 INTRODUCTION In 1974,Title 40,Code of Federal Regulations,Part 112 (appendix A)went into effect requiring the owners and operators of facilities with above ground oil storage in excess of 660 gallons in a single tank or 1,320 gallon aggregate storage to prepare and implement a Spill Prevention Control and Countermeasures (SPCC) Plan. The purpose of the regulations is to prevent oil spills into waters of the United States and to reduce the extent of damage if a spill should occur.Prevention of oil spills is accomplished by ensuring that oil storage is properly constructed, operated,and maintained.The regulation requires that the facilities have a means of secondary containment around any storage tanks. This plan has been prepared for the Alaska Energy Authority (AEA)Bradley Lake Hydroelectric Plant.An inspection of this facility was completed on September 24,1991.Daves Creek and Soldotna SVC stations were not inspected and the plan for these sites was prepared based on drawings.This report describes the site oil storage facilities,makes recommendations to reduce the likelihood of a spill occurring,and provides a plan of action if a spill should occur. In this report the term oil is used to cover a range of petroleum products which are used as fuel or lubricants.These may include gasoline,diesel fuel,hydraulic oil, motor oil,or equipment coolant oils. 2.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION The Bradley Lake hydroelectric project is located at tidewater on Kachemak Bay, 27 air miles northeast of Homer (figure 1).The Bradley Lake project is owned by the Alaska Energy Authority (AEA)and operated and maintained by Homer Electric Association (HEA).The power plant is continuously manned by a general foreman and maintenance personnel who are rotated periodically.The project has a maximum reservoir elevation of 1,180 feet and has a nominal rating of 90 MW. The project site is accessible by wheel or float plane or boat.The project facilities include the powerhouse with attached substation,employee housing,a shop/warehouse building,a fuel storage area,incinerator,gate house with generators,an airstrip,and a barge dock.These facilities are located at tidewater. The facility stores diesel fuel and gasoline for use in its standby generator and vehicles and has oil filled transformers.An uncontained spill of oil at these facilities would flow toward Kachemak Bay. All oil storage facilities present during the field inspection of September,1991,are described below,listed in table 1 and their locations shown in figure 3. BRADLEY LAKE HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT HOMER ,ALASKA, OIL SPILL PREVENTION CONTROL AND COUNTERMEASURES PLAN,FEBRUARY 1994 Page 1 - 2.1 FUEL STORAGE AREA Diesel fuel for the standby generators and gasoline for vehicles is stored in two above ground storage tanks located to the south side of the powerhouse. Concrete secondary containment is furnished for these tanks.The containment area for the 10,000 gallon diesel tank has a capacity of 13,500 gallons with one foot of freeboard.The containment area for the 5,000 gallon gasoline tank has a capacity of 8,400 gallons with one foot of freeboard.Both basins are completely sealed,roofed,and have provisions for sump pumps.A 1-1/4 inch buried fuel line connects the diesel tank to the powerhouse.This line is contained in a four inch iron pipe.This containment line has a 3/4"drain at its low point which drains to a floor drain in the oil room and has an air gap for visual monitoring if a leak should occur.Fuel is transported to the site in a fuel truck loaded on a barge.The truck is able to drive directly to the tanks for refilling. 2.2 POWERHOUSE Within the powerhouse there is a 350-gallon day tank for the standby generators. This tank has a concrete secondary containment basin with a capacity of 500 gallons.The containment tank is isolated from the powerhouse drainage system by a six inch gate valve.In the southeast corner of the powerhouse there is an oil storage room which contains the plant drainage oil water separator and storage of miscellaneous barrels of oil.A portion of this room has floor grates over a containment basin.This basin drains directly to the plant drainage system.A spill in any part of the powerhouse would enter a floor drain system draining to a sump,which is pumped through an oil-water separator prior to discharge to the tailrace. 2.3 DAM SITE A 1,000 gallon above ground diesel tank is located near the south abutment of the dam.This tank has built-in secondary containment. 2.4 BRADLEY SWITCHYARD Three transformers are located inside a switchyard attached to the north end of the powerhouse.The transformers at this switchyard each contain 8,600 gallons of ten weight mineral oil.The transformers are surrounded by concrete containment basins.Precipitation or a spill is drained from these basins through 8- inch piping to a 10,000 gallon capacity sump.Water from this sump is pumped through an oil water separator before discharge to the tailrace. All drain valves are capped with screw-in plugs.The site is enclosed by an eight- foot chain link fence topped with barbed wire and is locked and lighted. BRADLEY LAKE HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT HOMER ,ALASKA, OIL SPILL PREVENTION CONTROL AND COUNTERMEASURES PLAN,FEBRUARY 1994 Page 2 e,aS Aw Xn,N t 4p,o NOT TO SCALE ee gLey g "ee %sey a N |Ly ee morsne pa P ess CAMSITE KACheway f Cove Rary9°2, .*">le on -aN ALASKA ENERGY AUTHORITY eet LOCATION MAP Figure HOA Engineering,inc.BRADLEY LAKE HYDRO PROJECT 1 NOT TO SCALE SOLDOTNA SVC STATION MP 91.5 HDR Engineering,Inc. OAVE CREEK SVC STATION ALASKA ENERGY AUTHORITY LOCATION MAP SVC STATIONS N ® NOT TO SCALE TRANSFORMERSaa8600GALLONSSTANOBYONiffMINERALOiLGENERATORSUBSTATEasy(TYP.OF 3) 4 350 GALLON iwrDIESELTANK @®WITH SECONDARY h--24'x29"x2" "CONTAINMENT SECONDARY .POWER CONTAINMENT Y TAILRACE house BASIN o*OIL STORAGE ROOM WITH BARREL¥*STORAGE AND OiL--{WATER SEPARATOR 10,000 GALLON hamtge,L--40'x15'x4soeGrandNyeee=CONTAINMENT ,SHOREUNE a BASIN 5000 GALLON ----/PW 95'995'x 4" ABOVE GROUND 25 x5 x4 SECONDARYGASOLINETANKCONTAINMENT BASIN t \ TO BARGE DOCK,AIRSTRIP AND DAM "*-----_ACCESS_ROAD BR ALASKA ENERGY AUTHORITYBRADLEYLAKEHYDROPROJECT HDR Engineering,Inc.|SPILL PREVENTION PLAN SITE MAP 2.5 DAVES CREEK SVC STATION The Daves Creek SVC station is located on the Kenai Peninsula,approximately 200 feet north of the Sterling Highway,about three miles southeast of the Seward Y,and approximately 800 feet before the Sterling highway crossing at Quartz Creek.The area is unpopulated and remote to any established community. The Daves Creek SVC station is a type of electrical substation and is constructed adjacent to the existing Daves Creek substation.The facility is located within a few hundred feet of Quartz Creek,but site drainage is towards the Sterling highway. Oil filled equipment at the SVC facility consists of both large and small power transformers,instrumentation transformers and capacitor banks.The oil distillate used in the transformers is a mixture of hydrotreated light napthenic and middle distillates.Isopropylbiphenyl is used in the capacitor banks. The main transformer contains 4,937 gallons of oil and has a 25"x 25"x 6'deep concrete secondary containment basin.This basin is lined with an impervious oil resistant liner is filled with 3/4"drain rock.The basin is designed to accommodate the total volume of oil contained in the main power transformer plus sufficient free board to contain 1/4 the annual precipitation.The basin is continuously drained through an imbiber bead valve to a drainfield.The imbiber bead valve will pass water but the beads will expand and close off flow to the drain field if oil is present.The valve is accessible through a precast manhole.The main power transformer cannot be drained of oil unless the drain valve is turned to the open position and a drain plug removed from the end of the drain line. The grounding,main and auxiliary station service,and voltage transformers require the removal of the drain plug before these transformers can be drained of oil.To minimize the potential of flooding,the SVC station gravel pad was constructed to a finished grade of approximately 559 feet MSL,which is approximately three feet higher than the elevation of the existing substation.The site is enclosed by a ten- foot perimeter fence and is locked and lighted. 2.6 SOLDOTNA SVC STATION The Soldotna SVC station is located near Soldotna roughly three miles east of Kenai Spur Road and Sterling Highway intersection,approximately 1,100 feet south of the Sterling Highway and about 50 feet east of Boundary Street (figure 2). Oil filled equipment at the SVC facility consists of both large and small power transformers and capacitor banks.The oil distillate used in the transformers is a mixture of hydrotreated light napthenic and middle distillates.lsopropylbiphenyl is BRADLEY LAKE HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT HOMER ,ALASKA, OIL SPILL PREVENTION CONTROL AND COUNTERMEASURES PLAN,FEBRUARY 1994 Page 3 Ay NOT TO SCALE fie INNER FENCE10°PERIMETER FENCE oAf a"aT-0MAIN POWER TRANSFORMER4937GALLONSMINERALaw 25'x33'x4.5°SOSECONDARYCONTAINMENTBASIN ]ld -eeeeeeee ALASKA ENERGY AUTHORITY DAVES CREEK SVC STATION SPILL PREVENTION PLAN SITE MAP "© NOT TO SCALE DIRECTION OF DRAINAGE | rs L LL | SK Ba ra MAIN TRANSFORMER/7240 GALLONS MINERAL OIL > (vd rad }[|\10°INNER FENCE f XN 35'x38'x5'CONTAINMENT BASIN yy,*CONTROL BUILDING 10'PERIMETER FENCE*Lo 4 %%*4)i f ]ACCESSROAD| 1/2 Mi.TO STERLING HWY. --T YT.TY.TT fT ALASKA ENERGY AUTHORITY SOLDOTNA SVC STATION SPILL PREVENTION PLAN SITE MAP AK HDR Engineering,Inc. S Oo used in the capacitor banks. The main transformer contains 7,240 gallons of oil and has a 35°x 38°x 6.5' deep concrete secondary containment basin.This basin is lined with an impervious oil-resistant liner,is filled with 3/4-inch drain rock,and is designed to accommodate the total volume of oil contained in the main power transformer plus sufficient free board to contain 1/4 the annual precipitation.A four-inch standpipe is installed on the wall along the lowest side of the dike enclosure.Water is removed from the dike enclosure with the aid of a small lift pump which is manually inserted into the standpipe. The main power transformer cannot be drained of oi!unless the drain valve is turned to the open position and a drain plug removed from the end of the drain line.The grounding and auxiliary station service transformers require the removal of the drain plug before these transformers can be drained of oil.The site is enclosed by a 10-foot perimeter fence and is locked and lighted. BRADLEY LAKE HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT HOMER ,ALASKA, OIL.SPILL PREVENTION CONTROL AND COUNTERMEASURES PLAN,FEBRUARY 1994 Page 4 TABLE 1 MASTER LIST OF OIL STORAGE BRADLEY HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT Capacity Year Secondary Location Type Tank Type (Gallons)Installed Use Containment Bradley Fuel Storage Area Diesel AST steel 1 @ 10,000 1991 Standby Yes Generator Bradley Fuel Storage Area Gasoline AST steel 1 @ 5,000 1991 Vehicles Yes Bradley Powerhouse,inside Diesel AST steel 1 @ 350 1991 Standby Yes Generator Bradley Powerhouse,inside Hydraulic Drums Misc @ 55 N/A Turbine lube Yes Oil Bradley Dam Site Diesel AST steel 1 @ 1,000 1991 Emergency Yes Generator Bradley Switchyard Mineral oil Transformers 3 @ 8,600 1991 Cooling Yes Bradley Incinerator Diesel AST Steel 1 @ 300 1991 Incinerator Yes Daves Creek SVC Station Mineral oil Main 1 @ 4,937 1992 Cooling Yes Transformer Soldotna SVC Station Mineral Oil Main 1 @ 7,240 1992 Cooling Yes Transformer NOTES: N/A =Not applicable AST =Above ground storage tank BRADLEY LAKE HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT HOMER ,ALASKA, OIL SPILL PREVENTION CONTROL AND COUNTERMEASURES PLAN,FEBRUARY 1994 Page 5 % (or oO 3.0 SPILL PREVENTION AND CONTROL Spills can be prevented and controlled by following the steps outlined below. 3.1 PLAN FOR PREVENTION This SPCC report is the first step in a planning process to prevent spills of petroleum products.In section 4 of this report is a number of site specific recommendations which should be followed to prevent spills.As required by 40 CFS,Part 112.7,the basic requirement of spill prevention is to provide secondary containment for all oil storage.Only where it is impractical to provide secondary containment due to severe space limitations is there an option to take a contingency plan approach.Secondary containment exists for all fuel storage at the project site at the time of preparation of this plan.Future installation of oil tanks should also be provided with secondary containment. 3.2 REGULAR INSPECTION Inspection of oil storage facilities shall be incorporated into regular plant inspections.Inspectors should use standardized checklists that cue them to examine tanks,piping,valves,hoses,and pumps for signs of leakage,rust,and corrosion;secondary containment dike valves to ensure that they are closed and locked;and secondary containment dikes or liners for erosion,tears,and degradation. Accurate accounting of fuel purchased versus fuel used should be done for all fuel tanks but is mandatory for any underground fuel tanks or tanks with underground piping. 3.3 PROVIDE TRAINING All present on-site personnel shall be trained in oil spill prevention and control. This training shall also be included for all new employees.Training shall cover the purpose and operation of secondary containment,the procedures to be followed in case of a spill at each oil storage area,and the use of respirators and other safety equipment on a spill scene.Practice in the use of booms and sorbents shall be included in their training. 3.4 KNOW SPILL CONTROL MEASURES In order to contro!an oil spill,the following oil spill responses have been developed for each oil storage site.Simple signs shall be located at major oil storage locations identifying the contents of tank(s)and the actions to be taken if a spill should occur. BRADLEY LAKE HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT HOMER ,ALASKA, OIL SPILL PREVENTION CONTROL AND COUNTERMEASURES PLAN,FEBRUARY 1994. Page 6 ford Oo The highest priority is to protect the safety of the plant personnel.No spill cleanup that will endanger employees shall be undertaken. The next priority is to prevent any spill from reaching surface waters.Secondary or sump containment has been provided for all major fuel storage at the project Site.If a spill should occur,the following initial steps shall be taken to prevent loss of fuel beyond the secondary containment. Outside Fue!Storage:Ensure that drain valves for containment structures are closed. Inside Fuel Storage:Block off floor drains and turn off sump pumps. Once fuel is adequately contained,personnel should alert site supervisors who will direct all further cleanup and notify the appropriate agencies.Table 2 identifies responsible personnel at the various facilities,firms capable of performing cleanup, and regulatory agencies that require notification. if the spilled material is highly flammable (gasoline or solvents)no smoking,use of metal or electrical tools or operation of equipment with combustion engines shall be allowed near the spill.Site personnel shall be trained in recognition of the potential for the existence of trapped vapors and associated hazards of explosion, asphyxiation,and poisoning. lf fuel spills outside a contained area,efforts shall be focused on containing the spread of fuel,and particularly on keeping it from surface waters.The specific action taken will vary for each site.Some site specific initial responses to spills outside containment areas are discussed briefly in the following paragraphs. Techniques of spill control are described in the Alaska Energy Authority's best management practices manual,Oil Spill Contingency Planning (appendix B). Bradley Lake Powerhouse -Immediately shut off sump pump and deploy absorbent boom in the tailrace. Bradley Lake Fuel Storage Area -Contact spill contractor (see table 2).Deploy absorbent boom offshore below site. Bradley Lake Switchyard -Deploy absorbent boom in the tailrace. BRADLEY LAKE HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT HOMER ,ALASKA, OIL SPILL PREVENTION CONTROL AND COUNTERMEASURES PLAN,FEBRUARY 1994 Page 7 ro oO 3.5 NOTIFICATION AND SPILL REPORTING Federal and state regulations require that various regulatory agencies,including the Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC),the U.S.Coast Guard, and the U.S.Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)be notified in the event of a spill.Most agencies require immediate verbal reporting depending upon the size of the spill.It is the intent of this plan that AEA Anchorage office operations personnel provide all spill notification to agencies so that coordinated factual spill information is reported.DEC and,in some instances,EPA also require written reporting of spills and spill response undertaken.Spill reporting protocol is shown in table 3.The information to be reported verbally is outlined in table 4.The information required by ADEC in a written follow up report is listed in table 5. 3.6 DISPOSAL Store all recovered oil and oil contaminated materials in closed containers in a secure area at a safe distance away from any building.These can later be recycled or disposed of in accordance with the recommendations below. Selection of specific disposal methods for recovered oil and oil contaminated materials depends on various factors,including the nature of the oil and oil contaminated materials,the location of the spill,logistics and economic considerations.The available disposal options for the Bradley Lake Hydroelectric Project and its related substations include: ¢Reuse on site ¢Recycling *On-site burning for energy recovery *On-site incineration ¢Bioremediation ¢Off-site disposal at landfill or treatment facility These options are described below.Table 6 summarizes the options available for disposal,and table 7 lists some organizations potentially available for disposal. Reuse on Site.A recovered oil is not considered waste if it is used for its original intended purpose.Thus reuse on site is often the best method of "disposal”.If an oil product has been recovered from a lined secondary basin it can often be decanted and,depending on its end use,filtered and reused.Methods of decanting are detailed the AEA best management practices manual,Oil Spill Contingency Planning (appendix B).Sorbents can often be reused numerous times by squeezing out excess oil. Recycling.Recycling of clean recovered oil should be attempted if services are available and economically feasible.Oil must be packaged in closed drums. BRADLEY LAKE HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT HOMER ,ALASKA, OIL SPILL PREVENTION CONTROL AND COUNTERMEASURES PLAN,FEBRUARY 1994 Page 8 &Oo On-site Burning for Energy Recovery.On-site burning of recovered oil may be done if the: Oil is burned for energy recovery; EPA is notified of the activity; Oil is burned in an approved boiler,industrial furnace,or space heater; Oil is tested;and, Records are kept.MOO@D>The specifics of burning recovered oil for energy recovery are detailed in 40 CFR (Code of Federal Regulations)266 subpart E,RCRA (appendix C). On-site Incineration.On-site incineration of recovered oil (as opposed to burning it as fuel in an approved device)is not allowed unless a hazardous waste determination is made or a permit is attained from the EPA to incinerate hazardous waste.Recovered oil will likely fail a hazardous waste determination due to the presence of benzene and would be classified as a hazardous waste.Hazardous waste fuel may only be incinerated in an EPA permitted facility.Incineration may be an option for disposal for a large spill where the recovered product is contaminated.Table 7 provides a list of companies which may be considered for this work. Bioremediation.Bioremediation is a process in which microorganisms are used to biodegrade oil contaminated soils.It is advisable to bring in a specialist to assess that the site conditions will allow successful implementation of this process. Off-site Disposa!at Landfill or Treatment Facility.Table 7 provides a list of companies which may be considered for off-site disposal of recovered oil or materials from oil spill cleanup efforts. BRADLEY LAKE HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT HOMER ,ALASKA, OIL SPILL PREVENTION CONTROL AND COUNTERMEASURES PLAN,FEBRUARY 1994 Page 9 &oO OIL SPILL NOTIFICATION LIST TABLE 2 SPILL OBSERVERS: 1.Locate and control leak 2.Alert site foreman | BRADLEY LAKE SITE FOREMAN: 235-4444 SITE FOREMAN: 1,Determines emercency safety response and initial response 2.Alerts the Alaska Energy Authority 3.Directs the cleanup ALERT AEA ANCHORAGE OFFICE:REQUEST CLEANUP ASSISTANCE FROM: 907-561-8050 VCRA Environmental Services,Anchorage,907-349-4827 1.AEA notifies regulatory agencies Abbott Environmental,Anchorage,907-344-7027 Underwater Construction,Anchorage,907-349-7588 FOR REGULATORY AGENCIES See Table 3 Note:Procurement of services must be done in compliance with State procurement codes. BRADLEY LAKE HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT HOMER ,ALASKA, OIL SPILL PREVENTION CONTROL AND COUNTERMEASURES PLAN,FEBRUARY 1994 Page 10 TABLE 3 & AGENCY NOTIFICATION CHART © AGENCY SPILL SIZE VERBAL TELEPHONE ALASKA WRITTEN REPORT NUMBER CONTACT REPORT Alaska Department of |>55 gals on water or |Immediately |800-478-9300 Within 15 days Environmental Conservation 1,000 ft?sheen (State Troopers of end of 24 hours)cleanup for 0.5 pint -55 gals on |24 hours any spill water 907-262-5210 (see figure 10) (Kenai) <0.5 pint or 100 ft?|7 days sheen 907-563-6775 (Anchorage) >55 gals on land 5 hours 10-55 gals and leaks from |24 hours underground storage tanks <10 gals on land 7 days National Response Center: U.S.Coast Guard Any spill in or threatening |Immediately |800-424-8802 |On duty |Not required navigable waters,(NRC)24 hours |officer including adjoining shorelines J.S.Environmental Immediately |800-424-8802 For a_facility *rotection Agency Any _spill on land (NRC)24 hours with an SPCC threatening or in surface Plan,report waters any spill > 1,000 gals or when 2 reportable spills occur in any 12 month period Local U.S.Coast Guard Any spill in or threatening |fmmediately |907-283-3292 |Lt.John |Not required Marine Safety Detachment navigable waters,(24 hours)Kwietniak (Kenai)including adjoining 800-424-8802 shorelines NOTE: The National Response Center must be called even if the release is reported to a local number. alternate telephone number for the NRC is (202)426-2675. The It is imperative that spill observers and site supervisors report all spills immediately to the AEA Anchorage office so that reporting deadlines outlined in the chart above will be met. BRADLEY LAKE HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT HOMER ,ALASKA, OIL SPILL PREVENTION CONTROL AND COUNTERMEASURES PLAN,FEBRUARY 1994 Page 11 &© TABLE 4 INITIAL SPILL REPORT A DATE AND TIME SPILL OCCURRED DATE AND TIME FIRST OBSERVED |REPORT NO &DATE SPILL DATE BY AND TIME B LOCATION LATITUDE LONGITUDE SPILL LOCATION Cc OPERATOR OR OWNER D TYPE VOLUME SPILL TYPE AND VOLUME E APPARENT CAUSE OF SPILL F ____.TERMINATED SPILL STATUS CONTINUING G NATURE AND EXTENT OF CONTAMINATED AREA CONTAMINATION AREA H WIND SPEED GENERAL CONDITIONS FOR OPERATIONS (Visibility,weather, ENVIRONMENTAL WIND DIRECTION ice,currents) CONDITIONS SEA STATE AIR TEMP 1 IS THE SPILL CONTAINED?iF YES,HOW? SPILL ___.YES CONTROL NO J ACTION TAKEN IN RESPONSE TO SPILL (Stop leak,skimming,absorbent,recovery) ACTION TAKEN K IS GOVERNMENT ASSISTANCE REQUIRED?(Type of assistance necessary) ASSISTANCE ___YES NO L ANY HAZARDS TO PERSONS OR PROPERTY?(Drinking water,fire hazard,etc.) HAZARDS M RECOMMENDATIONS AND/OR REMARKS N REPORTED TO- VIA REPORTED BY: NAME DATE: POSITION SPILL NUMBER CONSERVATION: ASSIGNED BY DEPARTMENT SIGNATURE OF BRADLEY LAKE HYDROELECTRIC PR OJECT HOMER ,ALASKA, OIL SPILL PREVENTION CONTROL AND COUNTERMEASURES PLAN,FEBRUARY 1994 Page 12 ENVIRONMENTAL TABLE 5 WRITTEN REPORT INFORMATION REQUIREMENTS FOR ALASKA DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION A final written report containing the following must be submitted to the nearest regional office of ADEC within 15 days after cleanup has been completed or,if no cleanup occurs,within 15 days of the discharge.The written report must contain the following information: 1. 2. 3. 10. Date and time of discharge. Location of discharge. Person(s)causing or responsible for discharge. Type(s)and amount(s)of hazardous substance(s)discharged. Cause(s)of discharge. Environmental damage caused by discharge,to the extent ascertainable. Cleanup actions undertaken. Location and method of ultimate disposal of the hazardous substance and contaminated cleanup materials,including date of disposal. Actions being taken to prevent recurrence of discharge. Other information the department requires in order to fully assess the cause and impact of the discharge. Reference 18 AAC 75.100 and 18 AAC 75.110 BRADLEY LAKE HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT HOMER ,ALASKA, OIL SPILL PREVENTION CONTROL AND COUNTERMEASURES PLAN,FEBRUARY 1994 Page 13 TABLE 6 SUMMARY OF DISPOSAL OPTIONS MATERIALS DISPOSAL OPTIONS Recaptured Oil Products Reuse Recycle Burn for energy recovery On-site incineration Transfer to disposal facilities Sorbent Materials Reuse and process On-site incineration Transfer to disposal facilities Contaminated Soils On-site treatment On-site incineration Transfer to disposal facilities BRADLEY LAKE HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT HOMER ,ALASKA, OIL SPILL PREVENTION CONTROL AND COUNTERMEASURES PLAN,FEBRUARY 1994 Page 14 TABLE 7 POTENTIAL ORGANIZATIONS FOR DISPOSAL/RECOVERY OF OIL SPILL MATERIALS ORGANIZA LOCATION CONTACT MATERIAL TION Ss Alaska Pollution Anchorage,Alaska (907)344-5036 Contaminated water Control Emulsified oil Contaminated soil Anchorage Sand and Gravel Anchorage,Alaska (907)274-5691 Contaminated sand and gravel Chemical Waste Management Arlington,Oregon (907)563-5648 All materials Chempro Environmental Services Anchorage,Alaska (907)522-1981 All materials Northwest Enviro Services Anchorage,Alaska (907)272-9007 All materials BRADLEY LAKE HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT HOMER ,ALASKA, OIL SPILL PREVENTION CONTROL AND COUNTERMEASURES PLAN,FEBRUARY 1994 Page 15 APPENDIX A TITLE 40 CODE OF FEDERAL REGULATIONS PART 112 -OIL POLLUTION PREVENTION §112.3 (h)Transportation-related and non-transportation-related as applied to anonshoreoroffshorefacility,are de- fined in the Memorandum of Under- standing between the Secretary of Transportation and the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency,dated November 24,1971,36 FR 24080, ()Spill event means a discharge of oll Into or upon the navigable waters of the United States or adjoining shorelines fn harmful quantities,as defined at 40 CFR part 110. ())Untled States means the States, the District of Columbia,the Com- monwealth of Puerto Rico,the Canal Zone,Guam,American Samoa,the Virgin Islands,and the Trust Terri- tory of the Pacific Islands. (k)The term navigable waters of the United States means navigable waters as defined in section 602(7)of the FWPCA,and includes: (1)All navigable waters of the United States,as defined in judicial decisions prior to passage of the 1972 Amendments to the FWPCA (Pub.L. 92-600),and tributaries of such waters; (2)Interstate waters; (3)Intrastate lakes,rivers,and streams which are utilized by tnter- state travelers for recreational or other purposes;and (4)Intrastate lakes,rivers,and streams from which fish or shellfish are taken and sold in interstate com- merce. (1)Vessel means every description of watercraft or other artificial contriv- ance used,or capable of being used as &means of transportation on water, other than a public vessel. £112.83 Requirements for preparation and Implementation of Spill Prevention Control and Countermeasure Plane. (a)Owners or operators of onshore and offshore facilities in operation on or before the effective date of this part that have discharged or,due totheirlocation,could reasonably be ex- pected to discharge oll in harmfulquantities,as defined In 40 CFR part110,into or upon the navigable watersoftheUnitedStatesoradjoining shorelines,shall prepare a Spill Pre- vention Control and Countermeasure 40 CPR Ch.1 (7-1-91 Edition) Plan (hereinafter "SPCC Plan”),in writing and in accordance with §112.7. Except as provided for in paragraph CD of this section,such SPCC Plan shall be prepared within six months after the effective date of this part and shall be fully implemented as soon as possible,but not later than one year after the effective date of this (b)Owners or operators of onshore and offshore facilities that become operational after the effective date of this part,and that have discharged or could reasonably be expected to dis-charge oll in harmful quantities,as de-fined in 40 CFR part 110,into or upon the navigable waters of the United States or adjoining shorelines,shall prepare an BPCC Pian in accordance with §112.7.Except as provided for in paragraph ({)of this section,such SPCC Plan shall be prepared within six months after the date such facility begins operations and shall be fully implemented as soon as possible,but not later than one year after such fa- cility begins operations. (c)Owners or operators of onshore and offshore mobile or portable facill- ties,such as onshore drilling or wor- kover rigs,barge mounted offshore drilling or workover rigs,and portable fueling facilities shall prepare and tm- plement an SPCC Pian as required by paragraphs (a),(b)and (d)of this sec- tion.The owners or operators of such facility need not prepare a new SPCC Plan each time the facility is moved to a new site.The SPCC Pian may be a genera!plan,prepared in accordance with §112.7,using good engineering practice.When the mobile or portable facility le moved,it must be located and installed using the spill preven- tion practices outlined In the BPCC Plan for the facility.No mobile or portable facility subject to this regula- tion shall operate unleas the SPCC Plan has been implemented.The 8PCC Plan shall only apply while the facility ts in a fixed (non-transporta- tion)operating mode. (4)No 8PCC Pian shall be effective to satisfy the requirements of this part unless it has been reviewed by a Registered Professional Engineer and certified to by such Professional Engi- neer.By means of this certification 20 Environmental Protection Agency the engineer,having examined the fa-cility and being familiar with the pro-vistons of this part,shall attest that nginee practices.Such certification shall tnnoWayrellevetheowneroroperator of an onshore or offshore facility of his duty to prepare and fully imple- ment such Pian in accordance with 9112.7,as required by paragraphs (a),(b)and (c)of this section.; (e)Owners or operators of a facilityforwhichanSPCCPlanisrequiredpursuanttoparagraph(a),(b)or (c)of this section shall maintain a complete copy of the Plan at such facility if the facility la normally attended at least 8 hours per day,or at the nearest fleld office If the facility is not s0 attended,and shall make such Pian available to the Regional Administrator for on-site review during norma!working hours. (f)Extensions of time. (1)The Regional Administrator mayauthoriseanextensionoftimeforthe preparation and full implementation of an SPCC Pian beyond the time per-mitted for the preparation and imple-mentation of an SPCC Plan pursuant to paragraph (a),(b)or (c)of this seo-tion where he finds that the owner oroperatorofafacilitysubjecttopara-graphs (a),(b)or (ce)of this sectioncannotcomplywiththerequire-ments of part as a result of either ponavallability of qualified personnel,or delays in construction or equipmentdeliverybeyondthecontrolandwith- out the fault of such owner or opera-tor or thelr respective agents or em- ployees. (3)Any owner or operator seeking an extension of time pursuant to para-graph (1X1)of this section may submit a letter of request to the Regional Ad- ministrator.Such letter shall inalude:..(@)A complete copy of the SPCC Pian,if completed: (i)A full explanation of the cause for any such delay and the specific as- pects of the SPCC Plan affected by the delay;(i)A full discussionof actions beingtakenorcontemplatedtominimizeor mitigate such delay; (lv)A proposed time schedule fortheimplementationofanycorrective actions being taken or contemplated, 21 .§112.4 including interim dates for completionoftestsorstudies,installation and op-eration of any necessary equipment or other preventive measures. In addition,such owner or operator may present additional oral or written 'statements in support of his letter of request, (3)The submission of a letter of re- quest for extension of time pursuanttoparagraph({X2)of this section shall in no way relieve the owner or operator from his obligation to complywiththerequirementsof§112.3 (a),(b)or (c).Where an extension of time ia authorized by the Regional Admin- latrator for particular equipment or other specific aspects of the SPCCPian,such extension shal]in no wayaffecttheowner's or operator's obliga-tion to comply with the requirements of §112.3 (a),(b)or (c)with respect to other equipment or other specific as- pecta of the SPCC Pian for which an extension of time has not been ex- presaly authorized.. (28 FR 24168,Dec,11,1973,as amended at41FR12657,Mar.36,1976) #1124 Amendment of SPCC Plans by Re-gional Administrator.. (a)Notwithstanding compliance with §112.3,whenever a facility sub-Joct to §112.3 (a),(b)or (co)has:Dis- charged more than 1,000 U.S.gallonsofollintooruponthenavigablewatersoftheUnitedStatesoradjbin-ing shorelines tn a singlé spill event,ordischargedollinharmfulquantities,on defined in 40 CFR part 110,into or upon the navigable waters of the United States or adjoining shorelines in two spill eventa,reportable under section 311(b 8)of the FWPCA,oo- curring within any twel¥e month period,the owner or operator of such facility shall submit to the Regional Administrator,within 60 days from the time such facility becomes subjecttothissection,the following: (1)Name of the facility; (2)Name(s)of the owner or operatorofthefacility; (3)Location of the facility; (4)Date and year of initial facilityoperation; §112.4 (8)Maximum storage or handling capacity of the facility and norma) daily throughput;(6)Description of the facility,in- cluding maps,flow diagrams,and topo- graphical maps;(1)A complete copy of the BPCC Plan with any amendments; (8)The cause(s)of such spill,includ- Ing a failure analysis of system or sub-system in which the faflure occurred;.(9)The corrective actions and/or countermeasures taken,including an adequate description of equipment re- pairs and/or replacements; (10)Additional preventive measures taken or contemplated to minimize the possibility of recurrence;° (11)Such other information as the Regional Administrator may reason- ably require pertinent to the Plan or spillevent.. (b)Section 112.4 shall not apply until the expiration of the time per- mitted for the preparation and imple- mentation of an SPCC Plan pursuant to §112.3 (a),(b),(e)and (f). (c)A complete copy of all informa- tion provided to the Regional Adminis- trator pursuant to paragraph (a)of this section shall be sent at the same time to the Btate agency in charge of water pollution control activities In and for the 8tate In which the facility is located.Upon receipt of such infor- mation such State agency may con- duct a review and make recommenda- tions to the Regional Administrator as to further procedures,methods,equip- ment and other requirements for equipment necessary to prevent and to contain discharges of oll from such fa- cllity. (d)After review of the SPCC Plan for a facility subject to paragraph (a) of this section,together with all other _Information submitted by the owner or operator of such facility,and by the Btate agency under paragraph (c)of this section,the Regional Administra- tor may require the owner or operator of such facility to amend the SPCC Pian if he finds that the Plan does not meet the requirements of this part or that the amendment of the Plan is necessary to prevent and to contain discharges of ofl from such facility. (e)When the Regiona)Administra- tor proposes to require an amendment 40 CFR Ch.1 (7-1-91 Edition) to the SPCC Plan,he shall notify thefacilityoperatorbycertifiedmallad- dressed to,or by personal delivery to,'the facility owner or operator,that he proposes to require an amendment to the Plan,and shall specify the termsofsuchamendment.If the facility owner or operator is a corporation,acopyofsuchnoticeshallalsobe mailed to the registered agent,if any,of such corporation tn the State where such facility is located.Within 30 daysfromreceiptofsuchnotice,the facili- ty owner or operator may submit writ-ten information,views,arf arguments on the amendment,After considering all relevant material presented,the Regional Administrator shall notifythefacilityowneroroperatorofany amendment required or shall rescind the notice.The amendment requiredbytheRegionalAdministratorshall become part of the Plan 30 days after such notice,unless the Regional Ad- ministrator,for good cause,shall specify another effective date.The owner or operator of the facility shall implement the amendment of the Pian as soon as possible,but not later than six months after the amendment becomes part of the Plan,unless the Regional Administrator specifies an- other date. (f)An owner or operator may appeal a decision made by the Regional Ad- ministrator requiring an amendmenttoanSPCCPlan.The appeal!shall bemadetotheAdministratorofthe United States Environmental!Protec- tion Agency and must be made in writ- ing within 30 days of receipt of the notice from the Regional Administra- tor requiring the amendment.A com- plete copy of the appeal must be sent to the Regional Administrator at the time the appeal is made.The appeal shall contain a clear and concise state- -ment of the issues and points of fact in the case.It may also contain addi- tional information from the owner or operator,or from any other person. The Administrator or his designed may request additional tnformation from the owner or operator,or from any other person.The Administrator or his designee shall render a decision within 60 days of receiving the appealandshallnotifytheowneroroperator of his decision, 22 Environmental Pretection Agency (36 FR 34165,Dec.11,1973,as amended41PR12658,Mar,26,1976)." O1125 Amendment of Spill PreventionControlandCountermeasurePlansbyownersoroperators. (a)Owners or operators of facilitiessubjectto$112.3 (a),(b)or (e)shallamendtheSPCCPlanforsuchfacilityinaccordancewith§112.7 wheneverthereisachangeinfacilitydesign,construction,operation or mainte.nance which materially affects the fa-ellity's potential for the discharge ofollintooruponthenavigablewatersoftheUnitedStatesoradjoiningshorelines.Such amendmentg shall befullyimplementedassoonaspossible,but not later than six months afterauchchangeoccurs. (b)Notwithstanding compliancewithparagraph(a)of this section,owners and operators of facilities sub-Ject to §112.3 (a),(b)or (c)shall com-plete a review and evaluation of theSPCCPlanatleastonceeverythreeyearsfromthedatesuchfacilitybe-comes subject to this part.As a resultofthisreviewandevaluation,theowneroroperatorshallamendtheSPCCPlanwithinsixmonthsofthereviewtoincludemoreeffectivepre-vention and control technology tf:(1)Such technology will significantlyreducethelikelihoodofaspillevent'from the facility,and (2)if such tech-nology has been field-proven at thetimeofthereview. (c)No amendment to an SPCC Planshallbeeffectivetosatlafythere-quirementa of this section unleas ithasbeencertifiedbyaProfessionalreer,in BRocordance with O1126 Civil penalties for violation of ollpollutionpreventionregulations. Owners or operators of facilities sub-Ject to'§112.3 (a),(b)or (c)who vio-late the requirements of this pert 112byfailingorrefusingtocomplywithanyoftheprovisionsof§112.3,§112.4or§112.5 shall be lable for a cfvil pen-alty of not more than $6,000 for eachdaysuchviolationcontinues.Civilpenaltiesshallbeimposedinaccord:ance with procedures set out in part114ofthissubchapterD. 23 0-144 O-01--2 §112.7 (Sees.311()),601(a),Pub.L.92-500,86 Stat.668,885 (33 U.B.C,1921()),1361(a))){30 FR 31602,Aug.29,1974) @112.7 Guldelines for the preparation andimplementationof«Spill PreventionControlandCountermeasurePtan.The SPCC Pian shall be a carefullythought-out plan,prepared in accord-ance with good engineering practices,and which has the full approval ofmanagementatalevelwithauthoritytocommitthenresources.IftheplancallsforadditionalfactlitiesOFprocedures,methods,or equipmentnotyetfullyoperational,these itemsshouldbeinseparatepara-graphs,and the details of installationandoperationalstart-up should be ex-plained seperately.The completeSPCCPlanshallfollowthesequenceoutlinedbelow,and include a discus-ston of the facility's conformance withtheappropriateguidelineslisted:(a)A facility which has experiencedoneormorespilleventswithintwelvemonthspriortotheeffectivedateofthispartshouldincludeawrittende-scription of each such spill,correctiveactiontakenandplansforpreventingrecurrence,.-(b)Where experience indicates areasonablepotentialforequipmentfallure(such as tank overflow,rup-ture,or leakage),the plan should in-clude a prediction of the direction,rate of flow,and total quantity of ollwhichcouldbedischargedfromthefacilityasaresultofeachmajortypeoffailure. .(c)Appropriate containment and/ordiversionarystructuresorequipmenttopreventdischargedofffromreach-ing a navigable water course should beprovided.One of the following preven-tive systems or {ts equivalent shouldbeusedasaminimum: (1)Onshore facilities:(1)Dikea,berms or retaining wallssufficientlyimpervioustocontainspilledoll; (1)Curbing:au)Culverting,gutters or othere@systems;.(iv)Weira,booms or other barriers;(v)Bpill diversion ponds;(vl)Retention ponds;(vil)Sorbent materials. (2)Offshore facilities: §112.7 (i)Curbing,drip pans;db)Sumps and collection systems.(d)When it ts determined that the installation of structures or equipment listed in §112.7(c)to prevent dis- charged o!]from reaching the naviga-ble waters is not practicable from any onshore or offshore facility,the owner or operator should clearly:demon-'strate such impracticability and pro- vide the following:(1)A strong of]spill contingencyplanfollowingtheprovisionof40CFR part 109.(2)A written commitment of man- power,equipment and materials re-quired to expeditiously control and remove any harmful quantity of oil discharged. (e)In addition to the minimal pre- vention standards Iisted under $112.7(c),sections of the Plan should include a complete discussion of con- formance with the following applica- ble guidelines,other effective apill pre- vention and containment procedures (or,if more stringent,with State rules, regulations and guidelines): (1)Facility drainage (onshore);(ez- cluding productton facilities).(1) Drainage from diked storage areas should be restrained by valves or other positive means to prevent a spill or other excessive leakage of oll into the drainage system or tnplant effluent treatment system,except where plan systems are designed to handle such leakage.Diked areas may be emptied by pumps or ejectors;however,these should be manually activated and the condition of the accumulation should be examined before starting to be sure no oll will be discharged into the water. (i)Flapper-type drain valves should not be used to drain diked areas. Valves used for the drainage of diked areas should,as far as practical,be of manual,open-and-closed design.When plant drainage drains directly into water courses and not into wastewater treatment plants,retained storm water should be inspected as provided in paragraphs (eX2Xil1)(B),(C)and(D)of this section before drainage. aD Plant drainage systems from un- diked areas should,!f possible,flow Into ponds,lagoons or catchmentbasins,des{gned to retain oll or return 40 CFR Ch.1 (7-1-91 Edition) it to the facility.Catchment basins should not be located in areas subject to periodic Nooding. (iv)If plant drainage is not engt- neered as above,the final discharge of all in-plant ditches should be equipped _with a diversion system that could,intheeventofanuncontrolledspill, return the oil to the plant. (v)Where drainage waters are treat- ed in more than one treatment unit, natural hydraulic flow should be used. If pump transfer is needed,two "lift” pumps should be provided,and at least one of the pumps should be perma- nently installed when such treatment is continuous.In any event,whatever techniques are used facility drainage systems should be adequately engi- Nneered to prevent oll]from reaching navigable waters In the event of equip- ment failure or human error at the fa- ellity., (2)Bulk storage tanks (onshore);(ex- cluding production factitties).(1)No tank should be used for the storage of oll unless ita material and construction are compatible with the material stored and conditions of storage such as pressure and temperature,etc. dt)All bulk storage tank installa- tlons should be constructed so that a secondary means of containment Is provided for the entire contents of the largest single tank plus sufficient free- board to allow for precipitation.Diked areas should be suffictently impervi- ous to contain spilled ofl.Dikes,con- tailnment curbs,and pits are common- ly employed for this purpose,but they may not always be appropriate.An al- ternative system could consist of a complete drainage trench enclosure arranged so that a spill could termi- nate and be safely confined {fn an in- plant catchment basin or holding pond.. dill)Drainage of rainwater from the diked area into a storm drain or an ef- fluent discharge that empties into an open water course,lake,or pond,and bypassing the in-plant treatment syatem may be acceptable if:° (A)The bypass valve is normally sealed closed.° (B)Inspection of the run-off rain water ensures compliance with appli- cable water quality standards and will 24 Environmental Protection Agency not cause a harmful discharge as de- .fined in 40 CFR part 110, (C)The bypass valve is opened,and resealed following drainage under re- sponsible supervision. (D)Adequate records are kept of such events,div)Burled metallic storage tanksrepresentapotentialforundetected spills.A new buried installation should be protected from corrosion by coat- ings,cathodie protection or other ef- fectlve methods compatible with local soil conditions.Such buried tanks should at least be subjected to regular pressure testing. (v)Partially buried metallic tanks for the storage of ofl should be avold- ed,unleas the buried section of the shell is adequately coated,since par-tial burial in damp earth can cause rapid corrosion of metallic surfaces,eapecially at the earth/alr interface. (vi)Aboveground tanks should be subject to periodic integrity testing, taking into account tank design (Noat- ing roof,etc.)and using such tech- niques as hydrostatic testing,visual in- spection or a system of non-destruc- tive shell thickness testing.Compari- son records should be kept where ap- propriate,and tank supports and foun- dations should be included in these in- spections.In addition,the outside of the tank should frequently be ob- served by operating personnel for signs of deterioration,leaks which might cause a spill,or accumulation of oll Inside diked areas. (vit)To control leakage through de- fective internal heating colls,the fol- lowing factors should be considered and applied,as appropriate. (A)The steam return or exhaust lines from internal heating colls which discharge into an open water course should be monitored for contamina- tion,or .passed through a settlingtank,skimmer,or other separation or retention system. (B)The feasibility of installing an external heating system should also be considered. (vill)New and old tank installations should,as far as practical,be fall-safe engineered or updated Into a fail-safe engineered installation to avoid spills. Conalderation should be given to pro- §112.7 viding one or more of the following de-vices: (A)High Naquid Jevel alarms with an audible or visual signal at a constantlymannedoperationorsurveillancesta- tion;in smaller plants an audible air vent may suffice, (B)Considering size and complexityofthefacility,high Hquid level pumpcutoffdevicessettostopflowatapre-determined tank content level. (C)Direct audible or code signalcommunicationbetweenthetank gauger and the pumping station. (D)A fast response system for deter-mining the Iquid level of each bulk storage tank such as digital comput-ers,telepulse,or direct vision gaugesortheirequivalent. (EZ)Liquid level sensing devicesshouldberegularlytestedtoinsure proper operation.. (ix)Plant effluents which are dis- charged into navigable waters should have disposal facilities obeerved fre- quently enough to detect possible system upsets that could cause an ol! spill event. (x)Visible ofl leaks which result in a loss of oll from tank seams,gaskets,rivets and bolts sufficiently large to cause the accumulation of oll in diked areas should be promptly corrected. (x1)Mobtle or portable oll storage tanks (onshore)should be positioned or located so as to prevent spilled oll from reaching navigable waters.A sec- ondary means of containment,such as dikes or catchment basins,should be furnished for the largest single com- partment or tank.These facilities should be located where they will not be subject to periodic Mooding or washout, (3)Facility transfer operations, pumping,and in-plant process (on- shore);(excluding production Jacili- tes),(1)Buried piping Installations should have a protective wrapping andcoatingandshouldbecathodicallyprotectedifsollconditionswarrant.If a section of burted line is exposed for any reason,it should be carefully ex-amined for deterioration.If corrosion damage is found,additional examina- tion and corrective action should be taken as indicated by the magnitude . of the damage.An alternative would 25 $112.7 be the more frequent use of exposedpipecorridorsorgalleries.(i)When a pipeline is not in service,or in standby service for an extendedtimetheterminalconnectionatthetransferpointshouldbecappedorblank-flanged,and marked as to origin.(i)Pipe supports should be proper:ly designed to minimize abrasion andcorrosionandallowforexpansionand contraction.(ly)All aboveground valves and pipe-lines should be subjected to regularexaminationsbyoperatingpersonnelatwhichtimethegeneralconditionofitems,such as flange joints,expansionjoints,valve glands and bodies,catchpans,pipeline supports,locking ofvalves,and metal surfaces 'should beassessed.In addition,periodic pressuretestingmaybewarrantedforpipinginareaswherefacilitydrainageIssuchthatafailuremightleadtoaspill event.(v)Vehicular traffic granted entryIntothefacilityshouldbewarnedver-bally or by appropriate signs to besurethatthevehicle,because of itssize,will not endanger above ground piping.(4)Facility tank car and tank truckloading/unloading rack (onshore).(1)Tank car and tank truck loading/un-Joading procedures should meet theminimumrequirementsandregulationestablishedbytheDepartmentof Transportation.(i)Where rack area drainage doesnotflowintoacatchmentbasinortreatmentfacilitydesignedtohandlespills,a quick drainage system shouldbeusedfortanktruckloadingandun-loading areas.The containmentsystemshouldbedesignedtoholdatleastmaximumcapacityofanysinglecompartmentofatankcarortanktruckloadedorunloadedintheplant.(HD)An tnterlocked warning light orphysicalbarriersystem,or warningsigns,should be provided in loading/unloading areas to prevent vehiculardeparturebeforecompletedisconnectofNexibieorfixedtransferlines.dv)Prior to filling and departure ofanytank-car or tank truck,the lower-most drain and all outlets of such ve-hicles should be closely examined forleakage,and !f necessary,tightened, 40 CFR Ch.1 (7-1-91 Edition) adjusted,or replaced to prevent liquidleakagewhileintransit.(5)Ot!production factlities (on-shore)-()Definition,An onshore pro-duction facility may include all weils,flowllnes,separation equipment,stor-age facilities,gathering lines,and aux- illary non-transportation-relatedequipmentandfacilitiesinasinglegeographicalollorgasfieldoperatedbyasingleoperator.(il)Ot production factlity (onshore)drainage.(A)At tank batteries andcentraltreatingstationswhereanac-cidental discharge of ofl would have &reasonable possibility of reaching navi-gable waters,the dikes or equivalentrequiredunder§112.7(cX1)shouldhavedrainsclosedandsealedatalltimesexceptwhenrainwaterisbeingdrained.Prior to drainage,the dikedareashouldbeinspectedasprovidedinparagraphs(eX2X1i1)(B),(C),and(D)of this section.Accumulated oll ontherainwatershouldbepickedupandreturnedtostorageordisposedofinaccordancewithapprovedmethods.(B)Field drainage ditches,roadditches,and oll traps,sumps or skim-mers,if such exist,should be inspectedatregularlyscheduledIntervalsforac-cumulation of of)that may have es-caped from amall leaks.Any such ac-cumulations should be removed.(i)Oll production factlity (onshore)bulk storage tanks.(A)No tank shouldbeusedforthestorageofoflunlessitsmaterialandconstructionarecompati-ble with the material stored and the conditions of storage.(B)All tank battery and centraltreatingplantinstallationsshouldbeprovidedwithasecondarymeansofcontainmentfortheentirecontentsofthelargestsingletankiffeasible,oralternatesystemssuchasthoeeout-lined In §112.7(cX1)Drainage fromundikedareasshouldbesafelycon-fined in a catchment basin or holding pond.(C)All tanks containing oll shouldbevisuallyexaminedbyacompetentpersonforconditionandneedformaintenanceonascheduledperiodicbasis.Such examination should in-clude the foundation and supports oftanksthatareabovethesurfaceof the ground. 26 -Envirenmental Protection Agency (D)New and old tank battery inatal-lations should,as far as practical,befail-safe ongineered or updated into afail-safe engineered installation to pre-vent spills.Consideration should begiventooneormoreofthefollowing:(1)Adequate tank capacity to assure that a tank will not overfill should a pumper/gauger be delayed in makinghisregularrounds. (2)Overflow equalizing lines be- tween tanks so that a full tank can overfiow to an adjacent tank. (3)Adequate vacuum protection to prevent tank collapse during a pipeline run. (®High level sensors to generate and transmit an alarm signal to the computer where facilities are a part of a computer production control system. (iv)Factlity transfer operations,oil production facility (onshore).(A)All above ground valves and pipelines should be examined periodically on a scheduled basis for genéral condition of items such as flange joints,valve glands and bodies,'drip pans,pipeline supports,pumping well polish rod stuffing boxes,bleeder and gauge valves. (B)Balt water (oll field brine)dis- posal facilities should be exained often,particularly following a sudden change in atmospheric temperature to detect possible system upeets that could cause an o!]discharge. (C)Production facilities should have &program of flowline maintenance to prevent spills from this source.The program should include periodic ex-aminations,corrosion protection,fow- line replacement,and adequate records,as appropriate,for the indi- vidual facility: . (6)Ot!drilling and workover factlt- Mes (onshore).(1)Mobile drilling or workover equipment should be posi- tloned or located so as to prevent spilled ol 'from reaching navigablewaters. dah Depending on the location, catchment basins or diversion struc- tures may be n to Intercept and contain spills of fuel,crude oll,or olly drilling fluids.(il)Before drilling below any casing string or during workover operations, 8 blowout prevention (BOP)assembly and well control system should be !n- §112.7 stalled that is capable of controlling any well head pressure that is expect- ed to be encountered while that BOP assembly is on the well.Casing and BOP Installations should be in accord- ance with State regulatory agency re- quirementa. (1)Off drilling,production,or work-over facilities (offshore).()Definition:An oll drilling,production or wor- kover facility (offshore)may includealldrillingorworkoverequipment,wells,flowlines,gathering lines,plat- forms,and auxiliary nontransporta- tion-related equipment and facilities in a single geographical oil or gas field operated by a single operator. dal)OF drainage collection equ' ment should be used to prevent a control small oll spillage arou... pumps,glands,valves,flanges,expan- sion joints,hoses,drain lines,separa- tors,treaters,tanks,and allied equip- ment.Drains on the facility should be controlled and directed toward a cen- tral collection sump or equivalent col- lection system sufficient to prevent discharges of oll into the navigable waters of the United States.Where drains and sumpe are not practicable oll contained in collection equipment should be removed as often as neces- sary to prevent overflow. (iW)For facilities employing a sump system,sump and drains should be adequately sized and a spare pump or equivalent method should be avaliable to remove Nquid from the sump and assure that ofl does not escape.A regu- lar scheduled preventive maintenance inspection and testing program should be employed to assure reliable oper- ation of the liquid removal system ai pump start-up device.Redunda automatic sump pumps and contro!ae- vices may be required on some instal- lations. dv)In areas where separators and treaters are equipped with dump valves whose predominant mode of failure is in the closed position and pollution risk {is high,the facility should be specially equipped to pre- vent the escape of oll.This could be accomplished by extending the flare line to a diked area {f the separator is near shore,equipping !t with a high Hquid level sensor that will automatl- cally shutin wells producing to the 27 §112.7 separator,parallel redundant dumpvalves,or other feasible alternatives to prevent oi)discharges. (v)Atmospheric storage or surge tanks should be equipped with high liquid level sensing devices or other ac- ceptable alternatives to prevent oll dls- charges. (vt)Pressure tanks should be equipped with high and low pressure sensing devices to activate an alarm and/or control the flow or other ac- ceptable alternatives to prevent oi!dis- charges. (vil)Tanks should be equipped with suitable corrosion protection.(vill)A written procedure for In- specting and testing pollution preven- .tion equipment and systems should be prepared and maintained at the facill- ty.Such procedures should be Includ- ed as part of the SPCC Plan. (ix)Testing and Inspection of the pollution prevention equipment and systems at the facility should be con- ducted by the owner or operator on a scheduled periodic basis commensu- rate with the complexity,conditions and circumstances of the facility or other appropriate regulations. (x)Surface and subsurface well shut-in valves and devices In use at the facility should be sufficiently de- acribed to determine method of activa- tion or control,e.g.,pressure differen- tlal,change in Nuild or Mow conditions, combination of pressure and flow, manual or remote control mecha- nisms,Detalled records for each well, while not necessarily part of the plan should be kept by the owner or opera- tor. (xi)Before drilling below any casing string,and during workover operations a blowout preventer (BOP)assembly and well control system should be In- stalled that is capable of controlling any well-head pressure that ls expect- ed to be encountered while that BOP assembly is on the well.Casing and BOP installations should be In accord- ance with State regulatory agency re- quirements. Ox)Extraordinary well control measures should be provided should emergency conditions,Including fire, loss of control and other abnormal conditions,occur.The degree of con- 'trol system redundancy should vary 40 CFR Ch.I (7-1-91 Edition) with hazard exposure and probable consequences of failure.It is recom- mended that surface shut-in systems have redundant or "fail close”valving. Subsurface safety valves may not be needed in producing wells that will not flow but should be installed as re- quired by applicable State regulations. (xii)In order that there will be no misunderstanding of Joint and sepa- rate duties and obligations to perform work in a safe and pollution free manner,written instructions should be prepared by the owner or operator for contractors and subcontractors to follow whenever contract activities tn- clude servicing a well or systems ap- purtenant to a well or pressure veasel. Such instructions and procedures should be maintained at the offshore production facility.Under certain clr- cumstances and conditions such con- tractor activities may require the pres- ence at the facility of an authorized representative of the owner or opera- tor who would intervene when neces- sary to prevent a spill event. (xiv)All manifolds (headers)should be equipped with check valves on Indi- vidual flowlines. (xv)If the shut-in well pressure Is greater than the working pressure of the flowline and manifold valves up to and Including the header valves associ- ated with that Individual Nowline,the Nowline should be equipped with a high pressure sensing device and shut- in valve at the wellhead unless provid- ed with a pressure relief system to pre- vent over pressuring. (xvi)All pipelines appurtenant to the facility should be protected from corrosion,Methods used,such aa pro- tective coatings or cathodic protection, should be discussed. (xvil)Sub-marine pipelines appurte- nant to the facility should be ade- quately protected against environmen- tal stresses and other activities such as fishing operations, (xviil)Sub-marine plpelines appurte- nant to the facility should be In good operating condition at all times and In- spected on a scheduled periodic basis for fallures.Such Inspections should be documented and maintained at the facility. (8)Inspections and records.Inspec- tions required by this part should be 28 Environmental Protection Agency in accordance with written procedures developed for the facility by the owner or operator.These written procedures and a record of the inspections,signed by the appropriate supervisor or in- spector,should be made part of theSPCCPlanandmaintainedfora period of three years. (9)Security (excluding ofl produc-tion facilities).(1)All plants handling,proceasing,and storing of]should be fully fenced,and entrance gatesshouldbelockedand/or guarded when the plant fs not in production or is un- attended. a)The maater flow and drain valves and any other valves that will permit direct outward flow of the tank's con- tent to the surface should be securelylockedintheclosedpositionwhenin non-operating or non-standby status. dill)The starter control on all oll pumps should 'be locked tn the "off” position or located at a alte accessible only to authorized personnel when the pumps are in a non-operating or non- standby status, (iv)The loading/unioading connetec-tions of of]pipelines should be secure- ly capped or blank-flanged when not in service or standby service for an ex- tended time.This acécurity practice should also apply to pipelines that are emptied of liquid content either bydrainingorbyinertgaspressure. (v)Facility Nghting should be com- mensurate with the type and location of the facility.Consideration should be given to:(A)Discovery of spills 'oo- curring during hours of darkness,both by operating personnel,if present,and by non-operating personne!(the gen- eral public,local police,ete.)and (B) prevention of spills occurring through acts of vandalism, *(10)Personnel,training and spill prevention procedures.(1)Ownera or operators are responsible for properly instructing their personnel in the op- eration and maintenance of equipment to prevent the discharges of ol]and applicable pollution control laws,rules and regulations. (iD)Each applicable facility should have a designated person who Is ac- countable for of]spill prevention and who reports to line management. aii)Owners or operators should schedule and conduct spill prevention Pt.112,App. briefings for their operating personne!at intervals frequent enough to assureadequateunderstandingoftheSPCC Plan for that factlity.Such briefingsshouldhighlightanddescribeknown spill events or failures,malfunctioning components,and recently developedprecautionarymeasures. Arrrenvix-Mrmoranpum or Unprn- STANDING BETWEEN THE SECRETARY OF TRANSPORTATION AND THE Ap- MINISTRATOR OF THE ENVIROWMEN- TAL Proreorion AGency SECTION 13-DEFINTTIONS The Environmental Protection AgencyandtheDepartmentofTransportation agree that for the purpoees of ExecutiveOrder11648,the term: (LD "Non-transportation-related onshore and offshore facilities”means: (A)Fixed onshore and offshore oil well Grilling facilities including all equipmentandappurtenancesrelatedtheretousedin Grilling operations for exploratory or devel- opment wells,but excluding any terminalfacility,unit or process integrally associatedwiththehandiingortransferringofoffin bulk to or from a vessel. (CB)Mobile onshore and offshore oil well drilling platforms,barges,trucks,or other mobile facilities including al)equipment and appurtenances related thereto when such mobile facilities are fixed in position for the purpose of drilling operations for explorato- ry or development wells,but excluding anyterminalfacility,unit or process integrallyassociatedwiththehandlingortransferringofol]in buik to or from a vessel, (C)Pixed onshore and offshore ol]pro-duction structures,'platforms,derricks,and rigs including all equipment and appurte-nances related thereto,as well as completed wells and the wellhead separators,ofl sepa- rators,and storage facilities used in the pro- duction of oll,but excluding any termina! facility,unit or proceas integrally associated with the handling or transferring of ol!in bulk to or from a vessel. (D)Mobile onshore and offshore of!pro- duction facilities including all equipment and appurtenances related thereto as wel) as completed wells and wellhead equipment, piping from wellheads to oll separators,oil separators,and storage facilities used in the production of of]when such mobile facilities are fixed in position for the purpose of oil production operations,but excluding anyterminalfacility,unit or process integrallyassociatedwiththehandlingortransferringofoflinbulktoorfromavessel. 29 §113.1 (E)Off refining facilities including allequipmentandappurtenancesrelatedthere-to as well as in-plant processing unita,stor-age units,piping,drainage systems andwastetreatmentunltausedintherefiningofoll,but excluding any terminal facility,unit or process integrally associated withthehandlingortransferringofoliinbulkto or from a vessel.(F)Oll storage facilities Including allequipmentandappurtenancesrelatedthere-to as well as fixed bulk plant storage,terml- nal oii storage facilities,consumer storage,pumps and drainage systems used In thestorageofoft,but excluding inline or break-out storage tanks needed for the continuousoperationofapipelinesystemandanyter-minal facility,unit or process integrally as-sociated with the handling or transferring of off in bulk to or from a vessel.(Q)Industrial,commercial,agricultural orpubllefacilitieswhichuseandstoreol},butexcludinganyterminalfacliity,unit orprocessintegrallyassociatedwiththehan-dling or transferring of oil in bulk to or from a vessel. (H)Waste treatment facilities includingin-plant pipelines,efMuent discharge lines,and storage tanks,but excluding wastetreatmentfacilitieslocatedonvesselsand termina)storage tanks and appurtenances for the reception of ofly ballast water or tank washings from v ls and associated aystems used for off-loading vessels,(1)Loading racks,transfer hoses,loading arms and other equipment which are appur-tenant to a nontransportation-related facill- ty or terminal facility and which are used totranaferoflinbulktoorfromhighwayvehil- cles or railroad cara. Gd)Highway vehicles and raliroad carswhichareusedforthetransportofoffex- clusively within the confines of a nontrans-portation-related facility and which are notintendedtotransportoflininterstateor intrastate commerce.(K)Pipeline systema which are used forthetransportofollexclusivelywithintheconfinesofsnontransportation-related fa-cility or terminal facility and which are notintendedtotransportoilininterstateorIntrastatecommerce,but excluding pipeline systems used to transfer oll in bulk to or from a vessel.. (2)"Transportation-related onshore and offshore facilities"means:(A)Onshore and offshore terminal faciil-{lea including transfer hoses,loading arms and other equip ¢and appurtenances used for the purpose of handling or trans-ferring oil In bulk to or from a vessel as weilasstoragetanksandappurtenancesforthereceptionofollyballastwaterortankwash-ings from vessels,but excluding terminalwastetreatmentfacilitiesandterminaloll atorage facilities. 40 CFR Ch.f (7-1-91 Edition) (B)Transfer hoses,loading arms and other equipment appurtenant to a non-transportation-related facility which ls usedtotransferoil{n bulk to or from a vessel. (C)Interstate and intrastate onshore and offshore pipeline systems including pumpsandappurtenancesrelatedtheretoaswellasin-line or breakout storage tanks neededforthecontinuousoperationofapipelinesystem,and pipelines from onshore and off-shore olf production facilities,but excludingonshoreandoffshorepipingfromwellheads to oli separators and pipelines which areusedforthetransportofollexclusively within the confines of a nontransportation- related facility or terminal facility and which are not intended to transport ol!in interstate or intrastate commerce or to transfer oll in bulk to or from a vessel. (D)Highway vehicles and railroad carswhichareusedforthetransportofof!In interstate or intrastate commerce and the equipment and appurtenances related there-|to,and equipment used for the fueling of lo-comotive units,as well ae the rights-of-way on which they operate.Excluded are high-way vehicles and railroad care and motivepowerusedexclusivelywithintheconfinesofanontransportation-related facility orterminalfacilityandwhicharenotintended for use In interstate or Intrastate commerce. PART 113-LIABILITY LIMITS FOR SMALL ONSHORE STORAGE FA- CILITIES Subpert A-Oll Storage Facilities Bec. 113.1 Purpose. 113.2 Applicabillty. 113.3 Definitions. 113.4 Size classes and associated IabilityHmitsforfixedonshoreoilstoragefa- cllittes,1,000 barrels or less capacity. 113.6 Exclusions. 113.6 Effect on other laws. Avrnonrty:Sec.311(12),86 Stat.867 (33 U.8.C,1261 (1072)). Bounce:38 FR 25440,Bept.13,1973, unless otherwise noted. Subpart A-Oll Storage Facilities 0113.1 Purpose. This subpart establishes alze classlfi- cations and associated Hability Mmits for small onshore ol]storage facilities with fixed capacity of 1,000 barrels or less. 30 Envirenmental Protection Agency 113.2 Applicability. This subpart applies to all onshoré oll storage facilities with fixed capac- ity of 1,000 barrels or leas.When a dis- charge to the waters of the United States occurs from such facilities and when removal of said discharge is per- formed by the United States Govern- ment pursuant to the provisions of subsection 311(c1)of the Act,the Ii- ability of the owner or operator and the facility will be limited to the amounts specified in §113.4. $118.3 Definitions. As used in this subpart,the follow- ing terms shal!have the meanings in- dicated below: (a)Aboveground storage facbity means a tank or other container,the bottom of which is on a plane not more than 6 inchea below the sur- rounding surface. (b)Act means the Federal Water Pollution Control Act,as amended,33 U.S.C.1181,et seq. (c)Barrel means 42 United States gallons at 60 degrees Fahrenheit. (d)Belotwoground storage facility means a tank or other container locat- ed other than as defined as "Above- ground”, (e)Discharge Includes,but is not limited to any spilling,leaking,pump- ing,pouring,emitting,emptying or dumping. ()Onshore Otl Storage Facility means any facility (excluding motor vehiclea and rolling stock)of any kind located tn,on,or under,any land within the United States,other than submerged land. (g)On-Scene Coordinator ts the single Federal representative dealgnat- ed pursuant to the National Oil andHazardousSubstancesPollutionCon- tingency Plan and identified in ap- proved Regional Ot!and Hazardous Substances Pollution Contingency Plans. c(h)Ot!means ol]of any kind or In any form,including but no Imited to, petroleum,fuel oll,sludge,oll refuse, and ol]mixed with wastes other than dredged spoll. ()Remove or removal means the re- moval of the oll from the water and shorelines or the taking of such other actions as the Federal On-Scene Coor- 31 dinator may determine to be necessary to minimize or mitigate damage to the public health or welfare,including but not Iimited to,fish,shellfish,wildlife, and public and private property,shorelines,and beaches. "Additionally,the terms not otherwise defined herein shall have the mean- ings assigned them by section 311(a)of the Act. 9113.4 Size cl and lated Mability mite for fixed onshore olf storage fa- eillties,1,000 barrels or less capacity. Unless the United States can show that oll was discharged as a result of willful negligence or willful miscon- duct within the privity and knowledge of the owner or operator,the follow- ing Mmits of lability are established for fixed onshore facilities in the class- es specified: (a)Aboveground storage. Sire cheese aur |Ure 'Up to to 4,000 a F900 IFO ..cco00.§00,000«171 &600.........4 160,000 wv $01 to 1,000.......]200,000 (b)Belowground storage. UnaSirechessSoran(OoRers) 'Up to 10 6,200 fans 11 90 970...)78,000 a 171 to $00...)185,000vv$01 to 1,000......]260,000 $113.56 Exclusions. This subpart does not apply to: (a)Those facilities whose average dally ofl throughout is more than thelr fixed of]storage capacity. (b)Vehicles and rolling stock. O113.6 Effect on other laws. Nothing herein shall be construed to limit the Hability of any facility under State or local law or under any Feder- al law other than section 311 of the Act,nor shall the lability of any facil- ity for any charges or damages under State or local law reduce its Mability to the Federal Government under section APPENDIX B AEA BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES MANUAL OIL SPILL CONTINGENCY PLANNING noite hey:yet: 5 in HCO anergy.;3g 10 ice iv;se a Nn ee ete pecen | il Spill;Cont CINGER BEA Be Pere eae ALASKA POWER AUTHORITY BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES MANUAL OIL SPILL CONTINGENCY PLANNING Febuary 1985 Prepared by Frank Moolin &Associates,Inc. under contract to Harza-Ebasco Susitna Joint Venture PREFACE This manual is one of a series of "best management practices"manuals to be usedinthedesign,construction,and maintenance of Alaska Power Authority projects.It represents a coordinated effort involving federal,state and local governmentagencies,and special interest groups. .The Alaska Power Authority intends that applicable guidelines and state-of-the- art techniques contained in the manuals will be incorporated where appropriateintothecontractualdocumentsforprojectsconstructed,maintained,or operatedbyorunderthedirectionoftheAlaskaPowerAuthority. PREFACE CHAPTER 1 CHAPTER 2 CHAPTER 3 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 TABLE OF CONTENTS -INTRODUCTION -POLICY GUIDELINES -ELEMENTS OF A CONTINGENCY PLAN PROJECT DESCRIPTION SPILL ASSESSMENT TRAINING PROGRAM RESPONSE ORGANIZATION © EMERGENCY NOTIFICATION AND COORDINATION REPORTING PROCEDURES SAFETY GUIDELINES CONTROL ACTIONS 3.8.1 Emergency Containment Sites 3.8.2 Containment Methods &Implementation Guidelines 3.8.2.1 Techniques 3.8.2.2 Implementation Guidelines CLEANUP ACTIONS 3.971 Techniques 3.10 3.11 3.9.2 Implementation Guidelines DISPOSAL 3.10.1 O11 and Water Separation 3.10.2 Temporary Waste Storage3.10.3 Final Disposal RECLAMATION REFERENCES PAGE naHDDnOoOHWDOF Table Figure owOnnnoOfFWwWDYFFporeeeeoeeeeONAoOPWNFYOoList of Tables Potential Containment Sites in Waterbodies List of Figures Contingency Response Organization and Responsibilities Spill Notification and Coordination System Water By-Pass Dam (Valved Pipe) Water By-Pass Dam (Inclined Tube) Underflow Weir Diversion Berms Overflow Berm On-Land Berm Culvert Blocking Culvert Underflow Device Interception Barriers Containment Booms Diversion Booming The STot Frozen Barrier on River or Lake Ice Sorbent Fence Skimming Contained Spills Skimming Uncontained Spills CHAPTER 1 -INTRODUCTION The Alaska Power Authority has prepared this best management practices (BMP) manual as one of a series of manuals to be used in design,construction,opera- 'tion,and maintenance of Power Authority projects in Alaska.This BMP manual identifies the major elements that comprise an oi1*spill contingency planning document and describes specific techniques for spill containment,cleanup, disposal and reclamation. The U.S.Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)has regulatory jurisdiction over discharges into navigable waters of the United States and adjoining shorelines. EPA requires a Spill Prevention,Containment,and Countermeasure Plan (SPCC)for any above-ground petroleum storage greater than 660 gallons in a single tank or 1,320 gallons in more than one tank and for underground tanks greater than 42,000 gallons.The Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation (ADEC) requires a spill contingency plan for any facility with a storage capacity of 420,000 gallons or greater of petroleum products.The U.S.Coast Guard (USCG) requires an operations manual for facilities that transfer oil in bulk to or from any vessel.Each of the three documents must contain specific information as required by regulations and,for EPA and USCG documents,the information must be presented in a prescribed format.- *For readability,this document uses the term "oil”spill.It is recognized, however,that other petroleum products,such as gasoline,will be used and stored at project sites.The guidelines and techniques discussed in this manual also apply to these other products. The information presented in this manual,therefore,should be used only as a guide in preparing contingency or operations plans for specific projects.Not all the techniques discussed may be suitable for a particular project,some of them may not be acceptable from an environmental standpoint for a specific situation,and new techniques developed after publication of this manual may be more effective than those mentioned herein.Moreover,not all of the elements required by state and federal regulations to be included in a contingency or operations plan are discussed. Following are the regulations governing of]spill contingency and-operations plans: Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 40 CFR 110 40 CFR 112 33 CFR 153-156 Alaska Administrative Code (AAC) 18 AAC 75 CHAPTER 2 -POLICY GUIDELINES It is the policy of the Power Authority to require every reasonable action to prevent spills of petroleum products and if they do occur,to minimize environ- mental'damage and assure the safety of project workers and the public.The Power Authority and its contractors will comply with relevant pollution laws for the protection and conservation of environmental resources. Prevention of spills associated with energy facilities is a prime objective of the Power Authority.(Many of the techniques and practices related to spill prevention are contained in a companion BMP manual on fuels and hazardous materials.)To assist in accomplishing this objective,the Power Authority and its contractors will: -Incorporate state-of-the-art spill prevention measures in the design and construction of new facilities and improvements to existing facilities. -Inspect facilities to determine potential sources of spills and remedial measures. -Review construction,operation,and maintenance procedures with respect to prevention of spills. -Establish formal training sessions for project personnel to ensure familiarity with facilities,equipment,procedures,and contingency response plans. In the event of a spill,the Power Authority and its contractors will take all measures necessary to minimize damage to the environment and to protect project workers and the public.Priority will be given to safety considerations followed by a commitment to prevent spills from reaching environmentally sensitive areas. Project-specific contingency plans will be developed,as required by federal and state regulations,and will be ready for implementation before construction is initiated.These plans will specify procedures to: Ensure worker and public safety -Rapidly and accurately.detect and locate spills -Minimize spill volume and spread -Clean up,rehabilitate and restore affected areas -Notify and cooperate with applicable regulatory agencies CHAPTER 3 -ELEMENTS OF A CONTINGENCY PLAN This chapter discusses the major elements of contingency planning and operations documents,as required by EPA,ADEC,and USCG regulations.Once again,the reader {is cautioned that not all required elements are included and that the regulations listed in Chapter 1 of this manual should be used in preparation of plans for specific projects.Further,the techniques presented may not be applicable to specific projects or sites or may be superceded by new technology developed since publication of this manual. 3.1 PROJECT DESCRIPTION Project contingency or operations plans should describe in detail those components involved with the storage,transfer and transport of petroleum products.Information should include: -Physical and chemical characteristics of the material -Location at facility -Design,materials,and engineering features -Volume -Containment and drainage systems -Inspection methods and Frocedures -Security and fire fighting systems -Leak detection and emergency shutdown systems 3.2 SPILL ASSESSMENT Project contingency or operations plans must include an assessment of most likely discharges and the greatest possible discharge that could occur at the facility.This information is not only required by government regula- tion,but also is necessary in planning containment methods and structures, estimating response times,and determining cleanup equipment requirements. Factors that contribute to an assessment of potential discharges are: -Physical and chemical characteristics of the substance -Spill locations -Spill volumes -Amount of area covered by spill -Rate of release -Direction of movement -Description of contaminated area -Proximity to environmentally sensitive areas,and trails,roads, waterbodies -Equipment,storage tanks or containers,vehicles involved -Availability of personnel -Weather and seasonal conditions 3.3 TRAINING PROGRAM Training and advance preparation are integral factors in a spill contingency plan to insure that personnel respond rapidly and effectively,utilize material and equipmént in an efficient manner,follow the actions specified -6- 3.4 in the plan,and are able to handle situations not foreseen in the plan. Both classroom and field training sessions must be provided to insure that all involved personnel will be prepared to react to a spill and that they are educated in the hazardous tasks to be performed as well as with the use of any personal safety equipment required for the spill response. Classroom discussion sessions should include familfarization with a1] aspects of the contingency plan,the legal and environmental implications of spills,and the importance of successfully executing the plan in the event of a spill.Personnel should be assigned specific tasks and be | provided with detailed instruction to insure that they are familiar with their task and associated spill control equipment,and how these tasks relate to the overall plan. Field training sessions should be held to familiarize personnel with containment equipment and their deployment,use of sorbents,and recovery equipment.Actual field-deployment of containment and cleanup equipment at a containment site should be included in these sessions.Full-scale drills to include all response actions involved in an actual spill should be conducted periodically. RESPONSE ORGANIZATION _ Sequential actions and responsibilities in the event of a spill should be clearly defined to enable rapid and effective response.A.project contin- gency or operations plan should specify immediate response action responsi- bilities to: -Verify and locate leaks -Alert supervisory personnel -Provide initial assessment information -Initiate control actions -Initiate cleanup actions -.Notify applicable regulatory agencies Figure 1 depicts a typical contingency response organization and action responsibilities for facilities operated by the Power Authority.As shown, actions to minimize a spill should be taken as soon as a spill is detected. If a spill can be stopped or brought under control without undue hazards to on-scene personnel,they should take prompt action to do so and notify their shift supervisor as soon as possible.If on-scene personnel are unable to completely handle a spill,the shift supervisor should notify both the spill director and the spill coordinator who will be responsible for initiating the subsequent actions indicated on Figure 1.All discharges should be reported to the spill coordinator who would be responsible for notifying applicable government agencies and the Power Authority. Because spills are not routine occurrences,personnel assigned key roles in a response organization will normally have other full-time responsibilities.It is therefore important that job descriptions be developed for each position in the event of a spill.These job descriptions should specify the planning functions,emergency functions, and the primary and alternate operating positions assigned to each key role. SPILL OETECTION e .” ON-SCENE MONITORING PERSONNEL IWSTRUMENTS TAKE INITIAL Sut ACTIONS SUPERVISOR NOTIFY ADEC USCG EPA wf, SPILL DIRECTOR COORDINATOR MANAGER LEGALPERSONNELGov'r.Liaison |ACTIVATE SAFETY SUPPORT:ADVISORY:PUBLIC RELATION RESPONSE TEAM VERIFY SPRL Locistics SAFETYSTOP/LIMIT FLlow MANPOWER TRAINING COMMUNICATION ||ENVIRONMENTAL! ASSESS SPRL DOCUMENTATIO ENGINEERINGMATERIAL ©VOLUME °MOVEMENT©THREATENEDAREAS Response ACTIONS: *CONTAINMENT*EXCLUSION*CLEANUP *RESTORATIONS ALASKA POWER AUTHORITY CONTINGENCY RESPONSE ORGANIZATION AND RESPONSIBILITIES -_s meee oe = 3.5 EMERGENCY NOTIFICATION AND COORDINATION Emergency notification and coordination procedures stipulate who will be notified in the event of a spill,the sequence of notificaticn,and commu- nication methods.Using the spill response organization shown in Figure 1, and recognizing that primary and alternate personnel will be designated for key response positions,Figure 2 depicts a typical notification and coor- dination system. It may also be appropriate to coordinate with other state and federal agencies in addition to EPA,ADEC,and USCG.For instance,the Alaska Department of Fish and Game may be able to provide advice regarding cleanup procedures in particularly environmentally sensitive areas.The Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities may be able to support cleanup operations with equipment,traffic control,and snow removal. Communication methods to be discussed in a contingency or operations plan include any telephone networks,voice dispatch circuits,VHF mobile radio systems,UHF radio systems,or marine radios. Provisions should also be included in the contingency or operations plan to produce,update,and distribute notification lists that include names of personnel assigned to key roles,on and off-duty telephone numbers,and radiz frequencies. -10- SHIFT SUPERVISORS SPILL DIRECTOR - SPILL COORDINATOR LEGAL -Rial APARESPONSEaadonPROJECT1¢ TEAM RELATIONS MANAGER ENVIRONMENTAL ON-SITE GOV'T.AND ENGINEERING REPRESENTATIVES)ADVISORS ALASKA POWER AUTHORITY SPILL NOTIFICATION AND COORDINATION SYSTEM 3.6 REPORTING PROCEDURES Reporting procedures should be established in the contingency or operations plan to ensure documentation of discharges as required by EPA,ADEC,or USCG regulations.Documentation will also provide a means of measuring the success of the containment,exclusion and cleanup operations and thus suggest modifications or improvements to the plan.The following example of reporting procedures is based on the response organization depicted in Figure 1. |Documentation would commence when spills are reported to the shift supervi- sor.The shift supervisor would complete a written report to include the name and address of the person reporting the spill,approximate location of the spill,approximate quantity of spill,and type of substance.This report would be submitted to the spill coordinator who would be responsible for compiling ail documentation of the incident from spill occurrence through cleanup actions to final post-spill assessment.Among the types of information required to provide documentation are: -Cause of spill (equipment failure,persons causing spill,viola- tion of safety or operational practices,vandalism) 2 Spill characteristics (spill volume and direction of movement, type of substance,rate of release,proximity to waterbodies, effectiveness of containment) -Photographs (identified per location,date,time,subject, direction) -Weather conditions an -Equipment performance records -Cost incurred -Record of contacts with regulatory agencies -Reports to government agencies Information gathered for the documentation effort would be used to prepare the following formal reports required by the regulatory agencies: Oil discharges on land of less than 10 gallons. Spill coordinator will submit a completed report to ADEC within 7 days after the reported spill.Copy to Power Authority project manager. Qil discharges on land of 10 gallons or greater,any oil discharges on water,and all other hazardous substances discharges of any quantity on land or water. Spill coordinator will immediately notify ADEC,EPA and/or USCG by telephone (or other designated emergency contact system)followed by written notification as soon as possible.Spill coordinator will make a formal report to ADEC and EPA,and to the USCG (tidewater spills only)within 15 days of the discharge or completion of cleanup,after review by Power Authority legal advisors.Copy to Power Authority project manager. The following information is required in reports to government agencies: -13-. -Date and time spill occurred or was observed -Location of spill -Person responsible for discharge -Estimate of amount spilled and type of substance -Cause of discharge -Environmental damage -Cleanup actions undertaken | -Location and method of ultimate disposal of the substance and contaminated cleanup material,including date of disposal -Action being taken to prevent recurrence of the discharge 3.7 SAFETY GUIDELINES Human safety should always have first priority in a spill situation.This safety interest extends to public exposure as well as to the safety of project personnel.The following guidelines should be considered jin formulating safety practices and procedures for spill activities. -Prior to starting the job,personnel should be informed on-site of the potential hazards and trained in the use of spill cleanup equipment,safety measures,and fire suppression practices. -Procedures should be developed for safety review and enforcement of practices. -Potentially hazardous areas and conditions should be defined and restrictions placed upon personnel and operations to be allowed. Personnel should be specifically designated to provide safety and security actions with instructions to restrict unrequired people from access. Equipmentto be employed will be checked to prohibit ignition of the residue product. Nosmoking areas should be designated. In addition to human safety,potential hazards and wildlife concerns should be noted and preventative safety measures initiated. Repair operations,particularly the use of cutting torches and welding equipment must be recognized as having an ignition potential. Equipment should be cleaned prior to storage. Measurements should be made to test for explosive conditions and hydrocarbon vapor concentrations whenever possible. Nighttime operations must be approached with extra care.The use of field lighting introduces a possible ignition hazard. -15- -Clean-up operations on rivers,in rugged terrain,and during adverse winter weather conditions requires special safety in- structions and equipment such as life preservers and special clothing. 3.8 CONTROL ACTIONS Efforts to minimize a spill and control its spread can be the most signifi- cant reactions in implementing a response plan.Design features such as containment dikes constructed around fuel storage tanks,automatic con- trols,monitoring procedures,and on-scene source control will limit losses and environmental contamination once a.Teak occurs.These are discussed in a companion BMP manual on fuels and hazardous materials.It is also crucial to anticipate and provide for emergency containment alternatives for spills occurring outside of designed storage areas. 3.8.1 Emergency Containment Sites Criteria for selecting emergency containment sites include access and sensitive areas,waterbody characteristics,topography,man-made struc- tures,potential spill volume,and response time,weather conditions,and spilled product characteristics. Access and sensitive areas are probably the most critical factors in selecting a containment site.Wherever possible,access to containment sites should be via existing roads and pads.If off-road operation is required,adverse impacts can be lessened by using old survey trails,fire -16- breaks and seismic trails.Particularly sensitive areas are those where removal of organic layers,ground covers,and shrubs expose the soil. Areas that should be avoided during summer activities are wetlands,slopes in excess of 10 percent,and riparian and alpine tundra communicies. During winter,areas to avoid are slopes in excess of 10 percent and alpine tundra communities. Site selection within waterbodies must consider seasonal characteristics as well as access,working space requirements,and environmental constraints. Potential containment sites during seasonal periods are shown on Table 1. Natural terrain features,such as depressions or old moraine ridges,may be suitable for containment sites.Man-made barriers,such as work pads, roads,culverts,bridges,spur dikes,and low water crossings could provide excellent sites.Additional possibilities include old survey and seismic trails,fire breaks,material sites,and other cleared areas. The potential volume of a spill is an obvious factor in selecting contain- ment sites large enough to cope with containment,cleanup and disposal activities.Response times to reach a containment site,especially given any weather or transportation delays should also be considered. 3.8.2 Containment Methods and Implementation Guidelines __The following discussion describes various methods to limit the spread of a spill and guidelines for selecting appropriate techniques at potential spill locations. _°17- TABLE 1 POTENTIAL CONTAINMENT SITES IN WATERBODIES Season Summer Low Flow Period High Flow Period Freezeup Before Ice Cover After Ice Cover Winter Flow Beneath Ice Flow at Open Leads Intragravel Flow Breakup Before Ice Movement During/After Ice Movement T crossings. Potential Site Man-made structures!,natural pools,backwaterareas,gravel and sand bars Man-made structures,side channels,backwater areas,vegetated banks Man-made structures,natural pools,ice jams, gravel and sand bars Man-made structures,side channels,backwater areas _Man-made structures,side channels,backwaterareas,upstream end of aufeis areas Upstream entry Trenches in streambed,man-made structures, upstream end of aufeis areas Man-made structures,backwater areas,side channels Man-made structures,backwater areas,side channels,vegetated backs Man-made structures include bridges,culverts,spur dikes,low water -18- 3.8.2.1 Techniques DAMS -There are two types of dam construction appropriate for containing spills of petroleum products:complete blocking of an actual or potential drainage course (a blocking dam),and blocking of oil flow while letting water continue downslope (an underflow dam)or downstream (an underflow weir). Blocking Dams -Blocking dams should be constructed only across drainage courses which have little or no water flow.The dam should be situated at an accessible point where there are high banks on the upstream side.It must be well keyed into the banks and buttressed to support the ofl and water pressure.It can be constructed from several types of materials -earth,snow,sandbags,sheets of metal or wood,or any material that blocks flow. The dam can be built across the drainage course to form a holding pond or reservoir to contain the oil and water.Water trapped behind the dam can be pumped out by placing the suction (intake)hose at the base of the dam on the upstream side,leaving oil trapped behind the dam for subsequent removal.The discharge (outlet)hose should be placed on the downstream side.Trapped water can also be moved across the dam with one or more siphons. Underflow Dams and Weirs -For waterways with higher stream flcw rates,an underflow dam or weir.can be used (Figures 3,4,and 5 ). If these techniques are to be effective,the surface of the oi]must _ta_ VALVED PIPE(S)OF ADEQUATE CAPACITY TO BY-PASS WATER Oil Layer Water flow ot stream or surtace water drainage is byspassed to maintain reservoir lave},Oil is skimmed off or absorbed as conditions dictate. Crest of dam should be of sufficient width to accommodate compaction vehicle. Height of fill is 2 to 3 feet above fluid fevel.Normal fall angle of fill will suffice Jor sloping. ALASKA POWER AUTHORITY WATER BY-PASS DAM (VALVED PIPE) FIGURE 3 Oil Layer Water flow of stream is by-passed to maintain reservoir level.Elevate discharge end of tube(s)to desired reservoir tevel, ALASKA POWER AUTHORITY WATER BY-PASS DAM (INCLINED TUBE) FIGURE 4 always be below the lip of the dam or weir,and the oil/water inter- face must be above the top of the underflow opening. The underflow dam can be constructed by placing pipes of appropriate size on the streambed and building an earthen or sandbag dam over the Pipe across the waterway.The diameter of the pipe will depend on the flow rate of the stream and the depth of the water behind the dam. For example,24-to 30-inch diameter pipe will have sufficient capacity for a flow rate of up to 30 cubic feet per second.If time does not allow for pipe diameter calculations,a diameter larger than required will control flow if it is inclined at the proper angle or if a valve is used.A pair or series of dams may be required downstream if sufficient underflow cannot be maintained. An underflow weir can be simple yet effective technique in small streams.A piece of wood or sheet metal placed across the stream and firmly anchored to the banks will stop the ofl flow while allowing water to continue downstream. BERMS -Berms are constructed to control flow by diversion or overflow. For creeks and rivers,overflow berms (weirs)or diversion berms can be constructed from materials in the floodplains;for terrestrial spills, earth berms canbe built to divert or impede flow.In fast-moving streams, berms may have to be continually maintained. Diversion Berms -Diversion berms would be constructed from floodplain materials on large rivers (Figure 6).In most situations,they should -23- Wood or Sheet Metal ALASKA POWER AUTHORITY UNDERFLOW WEIR Oil Skimmer Collection Point RIVER FLOW. This represents a series of diversion berms joined by booms.They are positioned so that a spill can be diverted to a location with adeauate storage and accessability to removal equipment.{if stream and spill conditions permit,one berm may be all that is required. ALASKA POWER AUTHORITY DIVERSION BERMS FIGURE 6 Eabe constructed in a series,connected with short pieces of boom in a pattern that forces oil to flow into a containment pit,side channel, or similar feature for temporary storage.The spacing between each berm should allow water to flow under the connecting booms while forcing oil to the side.The size and angle of the berms will be dictated by stream velocity,channel size,and of]spill volume.As these factors increase,the required size of the berms will increase, and the angle between the upstream side of the berms and the stream bank will decrease. Overflow Berms (weirs)-The purpose of overflow berms or weirs is to reduce water velocity by widening and deepening the stream.They can be constructed in smaller streams or in the sfde channels of larger rivers (Figure 7).Overflow berms must be constructed across the entire channel.Materials should be excavated from the upstream side of the berm,creating a pool where stream flow will be retarded, permitting boom deployment and oil removal upstream from the berm. The required height and width of the berm will increase with stream depth and water velocity. Berms Built on Land -Land berms act as barriers to spill flow and may also be used to divert the flow to protect a sensitive area.Windrows along a road can prevent a spill from crossing the road or divert it into a storage area (Figure 8). CULVERT BLOCKING -The most effective way to block culverts is to pile _98_ YEUpUeViz)TOP VIEW Oil Layer Overtiow Berm ALASKA POWER AUTHORITY OVERFLOW BERM FIGURE 7 OlkL FLOW ALASKA POWER AUTHORITY ON-LAND BERM FIGURE 8 dirt,sand,or other earthen materials over the end of the culvert (Figure 9).A pump or siphon may be required to remove impounded water from the blocked culvert.Small volumes of water can be passed through a pipe covered with sandbags or dirt.Large culverts such as those that transport entire streams can be blocked with an underflow device (Figure 10).It may also be possible to install an inverted elbow on a culvert intake which will pass water below the oil layer. INTERCEPTION BARRIERS +Interception barriers,such as trenches and sheet barriers (Figure 11),are used to intercept subsurface flow of spilled oi] through a permeable layer that may or may not be transporting groundwater or between the vegetative mat and the ground surface.The actual direction of subsurface flow must be determined before a barrier is installed as the subsurface geology may permit oi]to flow in directions that do not coincide with surface gradients. TRENCHES -While a trench can be an effective technique for containing the flow of oi]through a subsurface layer,excavating a trench in permanently frozen soils may cause more damage than the migration of the oil.The trench should be excavated at right angles to subsurface flow,extend about 18 inches below the oi]level,and be wide enough to accommodate the anticipated method of removing the oily water.The downstream side and bottom of the trench should be covered with visqueen or a similar imper- meable material. SHEET BARRIERS Sheet barriers constructed of metal or plywood driven into the ground can be used where the flow is near the surface.The overlapped . 28- SAND BAGS PLYWOOD SHEET The blocking devices should be covered with earthen materials. ALASKA POWER AUTHORITY CULVERT BLOCKING ALASKA POWER AUTHORITY CULVERT UNDERFLOW DEVICE FIGURE 10 TRENCH SKIMMER _VISQUEEN (OR SIMILAR MATERIAL) METAL SHEETS Oil Pooling VEGETATIVE MAT v : >4 <4<7 7 4 <¢t viat tvia <Se Oe2aSl a>.¥ac4 ALASKA POWER AUTHORITY INTERCEPTION BARRIERS Prmemn 424 sheets should extend down to about 18 inches below the oil level,and up from the ground surface to create a ponding area for the oil.Sheet barriers should be installed at right angles to the subsurface flow and may bend upslope at the ends.° BOOMS-Booms are used to contain oi]spills on water by either blocking the flow or diverting it to a collection point.Many different types of booms are commercially available or can be fabricated on site.All booms have a means of flotation,a barrier extending below (a skirt)and above the water surface,and a means of achieving longitudinal strength. Containment Booms -Booms to contain the flow of oil are generally deployed from bank to bank or from shore.to shore (Figure 12). Booms deployed across the inlet stream to a lake may prevent oil from reaching the lake itself.Booming the outlet of a lake will create a large storage area where the decrease in current velocity will facili- tate easier cleanup..Once it has reached a lake,two boats towing a long boom can encircle the slick and prevent it from spreading. Booms deployed across a river or stream will usually contain the flow 'of of]if current velocity is less than about 1 knot (1.7 feet per second).Wind will affect surface water velocity by a factor of approximately 3 percent of the wind speed.This should be taken into consideration when wind is blowing downstream,upstream,or across a lake.If this technique is used,the oil will have to be removed rapidly from the upstream side of the boom.Containment booming is -32- Maoet Anchor )-- coltection Point V (SHORE-TO-SHORE) Oil Stick ALASKA POWER AUTHORITY CONTAINMENT BOOMS not likely to be useful on large rivers or whenever current velocities are over 1 knot;diversion booming will be necessary. Where oil is flowing into a lake or stream over the bank or leaking from the ground into a water body,booms placed parallel to the bank can create a quiet surface area from which the oil may be skimmed. Booms can also be placed parallel to shorelines and banks to exclude oil from sensitive areas. Diversion Booms -Diversion booms (Figure 13)are deployed to direct oil towards a containment pit/collection area,or to divert oil away from environmentally sensitive areas.Depending on river -characteris- |tics and size,diversion booms can be deployed as single or connected sections of booms,multiple booms staggered across main or side channels,or in conjunction with berms or river bars.When using diversion booms to divert oi]towards a containment pit/collection area,the downstream end at the collection area is anchored by natural features,steel pipes,or tracked vehicles.The upstream end is fixed to a berm,boat,or tracked vehicle.Diversion booms deployed to protect environmentally sensitive areas will usually be fixed between boats,natural features,or berms. COLLECTION AREAS AND DIVERSION PITS -Of1 spills reaching moving bodies of water can be contained by diverting the spill with berms and booms to a collection area or containment pit adjacent.to the affected water system. In incised river systems,of]may have to be diverted to high water channels,oxbow lakes,or areas of relatively quiet water.In braided QA Anchor Collection Point Anchor Collection Point Anchor Anchor DIVERSION -RIVER (SUMMER) DIVERSION -LAKE (SUMMER) ALASKA POWER AUTHORITY DIVERSION BOOMING FIGURE 13 river systems,existing or abandoned material sites should be used wherever feasible.If conditions allow,containment pits should be excavated in the floodplain at approximately the same angle as the berms and booms have been constructed and deployed in the river channel.Containment pits excavated in floodplain materials will have to be made impermeable either by excavat- ing the pit below the groundwater table or by covering the walls of the pit with plastic sheeting,clays,or similar materials.If the water level of the pit becomes too high,excess water can be discharged via underflow Siphons or pumps.Also,if the water level cannot be maintained,additional water can be added to the pit with pumps or by adjusting the booms divert- ing oi]into the pit,or the pit can be deepened moving the bottom closer to the water table. CONTAINING OIL UNDER ICE -Two methods,a slot and a frozen barrier,can be used to divert of]from water flowing under ice to a location where it can be contained and cleaned up. The Slot -This method requires a high velocity current and involves cutting a slot in river ice that will allow ofl to flow "out and over" the surface of the ice (Figure 14).The slot should be rectangular and span the width of the highest current velocity.The longitudinal walls of the.sTot should be cut at right angles to the current and slope towards the center with the downstream wall dipping at least 45 degrees upstream.It is essential that any void between the surface of the stream and the bottom of the ice be minimal or that actual flowing water-ice contact is made.If possible,the slot should be cut above a natural highpoint in the streambed so that water flowing -36- RIVER BANK { bCe Pod=*WameN Nat olayoAaim-'4wrom-ae= Is oF viCeevoles7Btesaas72rm"a iN Pi Bad we aN>ow of ron AAGN2 7t"V\Witeyiae,RIVER BANK ALASKA POWER AUTHORITY THE SLOT FIGURE 14 over the highpoint will force the floating oi]"out and over"the ice. Alternatively,an artificial highpoint can be constructed by dropping heavy sandbags through the slot along the downstream wall so they come in contact with the flowing water. Frozen Barrier -A conventional boom,plywood or steel sheeting,or wooden planks can be frozen in place on a lake or a river to divert oil to a collection point (Figure 15).A slot wide enough to accommo- date the barrier is cut in the ice.The barrier is then placed in the slot so that it protrudes into the water for about 6 inches,and is allowed to freeze in place.Ice is removed along the shoreline to create an area to store and remove the diverted oil. SORBENTS -A sorbent is any material which absorbs oi]or to which oil adheres.While sorbents can be used as a protective barrier during containment activities to keep ofl from uncontaminated areas,they should never be used on water unless there is a definite way to recover them.On small streams,fences constructed with stakes,wire mesh and sorbent material can be used effectively (Figure 16).The mesh will hold the sorbent material while allowing passage of water.The sorbents must be removed and replaced as they become saturated with oil. 3.8.2.2 Implementation Guidelines Pads and Roads -Elevated pads and roads can serve as containment barriers for spills occurring upslope if drainage structures passing beneath them are blocked.Dams should be constructed across the ditches on the upslope -38- ALASKAPOWERAUTHORITYSORBENTFENCEFIGURE16 side of the elevated pads or roads to provide containment.Spills occur- ring on pads or roads can be confined with berms or dams.Construction of a dam across a pad or road is especially important where it slopes toward a river,creek or low-water crossing. Tundra _and Forest -Natural features such as tussocks,deadfalls,vegeta- tion,and snow will retard or stop surface flow of oil and retain it. Visqueen and/or sorbent materials should be placed on the uphill side of naturally occurring barriers except snow. Interception trenches can be excavated in non-permafrost areas to divert or contain of].Barriers can be placed in the vegetative mat to limit subsur- face oil migration. Small]drainage courses and rivulets of meltwater can be blocked,using sandbags,earth,snow,sheets of plywood or metal,sorbents,or materials found on-site such as brush and logs.Drainage with flowing water will have to be dammed,either conventionally or with an underflow device.Oi] flowing down a dry drainage course can be partially contained by placing a sorbent boom directly in the drainage course and/or by damming. Small Creeks,Ponds,and Bogs -Containment of spills on small creeks generally requires an underflow dam,an overflow berm,or a dam in conjunc- tion with a pump or siphon.These barriers should be located so that a pond will form upstream from the barrier.Containment can also be achieved in pools behind log debris or jams.On fast-flowing creeks,a series of containment barriers such as chicken wire (with sorbents)structures should -41- be used.During periods of high flow,it may be necessary to install steel nets,chicken wire,or similar devices upstream of containment devices and areas In order to protect both equipment and personnel from floating debris. Outlets of ponds should be boomed to collect the oil on the surface of the pond;additional booms should be deployed around the slick and around sensitive areas.Sorbent booms and conventional booms can be deployed in tandem across the pond outlet.The sorbent booms should be farther down- stream where they will collect portions of the spill that may have passed beneath or around the conventional boom. Containment in bogs will most likely be limited to interception with 'barriers and sorbent materials. Large Rivers and Floodplains -Oil approaching the floodplain should be contained within the drainage course by constructing berms between the. spill and the main river channel.Diversion berms can be built to direct the spill to a side channel,abandoned meander or channel,oxbow or oxbow lake or excavated diversion pit.Log jams on sand or gravel bars and side channels create pools where oil can be contained;berms should be con- structed downstream from the debris to act as a backup containment barrier. In some cases,aufeis can assist in blocking subsurface of]flow along river channels and force it to the surface where sorbents,sorbent booms, and manual methods could be used to contain the oi].If ofl becomes trapped between layers of aufeis,especially when aufeis is formed by an aquifer discharging into a river from the bank,discoloration should be -42 detectable and sorbents and barriers could be employed. Intragravel flow may exist beneath the ice,even if flowing water is not detected,and could provide a route for oil.The streambed would have to be trenched deep enough to intercept the intragravel flow of oil,so it can then be ponded. Spills on the main river channel will be difficult to contain,and can be treated several ways.During periods of high stream flow and velocity,a series of diversion berms and booms should be used to divert the spill to a containment pit or floodplain feature.Digging a pit across the main river channel will create eddies and pools of quieter water.This is practical only on smaller rivers where equipment can be used.This technique is more effective when used with an overflow dam directly downstream.The pit should be located where:rapid removal of the oil is possible.While the usefulness of booms on fast-flowing large rivers is limited,they can be deployed in containment pits,upstream from natural or created pools,and near sandbars.O11 should be removed from behind the boom as rapidly as possible to prevent loss of oil and to keep the strain on the boom to a minimum.A spill entering the river can be partially controlled by deploy- ing booms parallel to the riverbank downstream from the point of entry. Under some circumstances,side channels can be converted to containment ponds if the following procedures are used:1)berm or dike the downstream end of the side channel;2)blast or construct a suitable channel for a "diversion skimmer in conjunction with an overflow berm so that the flowing oil is diverted into the mouth of the side channel,but the majority of water is allowed to flow down the main channel.Under most circumstances, -43- containment barriers will have to be continually maintained.Their resis- tance to erosive forces can be increased if the upstream portion of earth barriers is covered with rip-rap. Spill travel beneath ice can be diverted by inserting sheets of plywood or metal into slots cut in the ice and allowing them to freeze in place.When ice is to thin to support heavy equipment and there are leads of open water,summer containment and diversion techniques with ice diversion barriers can be used.Breakup poses the greatest hazard for personnel and Teast chance for containment.On some small rivers or channels of larger rivers,it might be possible to install steel nets upstream of a boom to protect it and personnel from debris and ice.While temporary ponding of water will exist behind log,debris,and ice jams,these jams may release at unpredictable times. Large Lakes -Booms are the most useful means of containment on large Takes.The most effective technique is to encircle the spill with booms. If of]is flowing into the lake,a boom should be secured to the shore on one side of the point of entry and deployed around the periphery of the ) slick by boat until the spill is encircled.As in containing oi]on small lakes,sorbent booms and conventional booms deployed in tandem may be effective.Both should be deployed across the lake outlet with the sorbent boom downstream.Sorbent pads can be distributed between the two booms. This technique will pick up some of the oil that passes the conventional boom. -44-| 3.9 CLEANUP ACTIONS This section discusses the basic techniques to clean up a spill and guide- lines for implementing appropriate techniques at potential spill locations. In most instances,cleanup and removal of petroleum products should be initiated immediately following implementation of containment measures as changing weather conditions or containment equipment failures may expand a controlled spill unless the free substance can be removed.In some cases, however,the cleanup of spill residue may cause more environmental damage than either natural dissipation or some form of treatment in place.The spill director will determine the most appropriate cleanup alternative in these instances. 3.9.1 Techniques The basic techniques used singly or in combination to clean up a spill include the use of heavy equipment,pressurized equipment,manual methods, skimmers,pumps,burning,sorbents,and pumping and flotation.To supple- ment these techniques,which are discussed below,provisions should be made for storing the recovered substance and contaminated materials before transporting.them to disposal areas.Typical storage equipment would include 55-gallon drums,pillow tanks,and fuel trucks. Heavy Equipment -Motorized graders and paddle-wheel scrapers can be used in combination to remove continuous contaminated sands from river deltas and floodplains.The graders cut and remove the contaminated layer and put -45- it into windrows for pickup and transport to the disposal area by the paddle-wheel scrapers.While scrapers alone can remove and haul the material,they cannot control their depth of cut as well as graders and operate less efficiently than the motor grader-scraper combination.For spotty contamination of sands,front-end loaders and dump trucks would be the most efficient clean-up combination. Bulldozers and front-end loaders can be used to remove contaminated gravels from floodplains and for cleaning up spills along roads.The bulldozers excavate the contaminated gravels,which are picked up by front-end loaders and loaded into dump trucks. Backhoes,draglines,back-fillers,or grade-alls can be used in areas that are inaccessible to large pieces of equipment,but adjacent to a floodplain, road,or pad.Operating from these access points,the equipment can scoop out the contaminated material and place it into a dump truck. Motorized graders,loaders,and dump trucks can be used to clean up conta- minated snow and ice along a pad or road,or on lake or river ice thick enough to support heavy equipment.The technique fis the same as used for contaminated sand:windrow the material,pick it up,and transport it. Contaminated snow overlaying vegetated areas should be removed with low ground pressure loaders to avoid damaging the vegetative mat or insulative layer underlying the snow.In areas adjacent to a roadway or graded surface,a dragline or a back-filler could be used. Pressurized Equipment -Hydroblasting,air blasting,sand blasting,and -46- steam cleaning can be used with prior approval from state and federal agencies to remove oil from man-made structures and rocks.Care should be )taken to ensure that the cleaning techniques do not do more harm to the surface than leaving the oil in place.Sorbents should always be used when hydroblasting and steam cleaning as these techniques will create pools of oil below the surface being cleaned. Manual Methods -Areas that are inaccessible to equipment,or with only small amounts of surface to be cleaned should be cleaned by hand with hand scrapers,wire brushes,shovels,rakes and sorbents. Removal of contaminated vegetation or snow overlying vegetative cover might also require manual methods. Skimmers -Skimmers are.normally used in conjunction with booms or ice diversion barriers to remove oil from the surface of the water and deposit it in a sump tank.(Explosion-proof skimmers are required for gasoline spills.)A spill which is fully contained by booms is best removed by a skimmer placed downwind from the highest concentration of of](Figure 17) within the boomed area.If the slick is too wide for the boom,skimming should begin on the downwind side of the slick,move along the slick,and stay on the downwind side with each pass (Figure 18).The velocity of the boats and skimmer should not exceed 1 knot (1.7 feet per second). Weir-type skimmers,which operate on the principle of gravity,work best in calm waters with thick of]slicks.The top of the weir is positioned as close as possible to the oil/water interface and the skimmer moves through -47- Skimmer ALASKA POWER AUTHORITY SKIMMING CONTAINED SPILLS FIGURE 17 °@ "” "” «amo>® " oCca46EcvCr)a””°to0°E4” |Skimmer ALASKA POWER AUTHORITY SKIMMING UNCONTAINED SPILLS FIGURE 18 wre?the slick or is positioned in the current to intercept the oil.O11 and water flow across the weir into a sump or enclosed area.With careful adjustment of the weir,the maximum amount of oil and minimum amountof water can be skimmed. Rotating disc or endless belt skimmers remove oil from the water surface by material oleophilic properties.Oi]adhering to surface of the skimmer is subsequently removed and deposited in a sump or collection tank. Pumps -Vacuum trucks can be used to remove oil from behind a boom and pump the oil into a containment pit,another truck,or into their own storage tanks.(Explosion-proof pumps are required for gasoline spills.)Diaphragm pumps are most efficient when the intake head is entirely submerged in the spill.The discharge nose can lead into a truck,containment pit,or bladder. Burning -Burning as a cleanup technique should be limited to small pools of oil or gasoline that have collected on noncombustible surfaces such as floodplains,sand bars,and ice sheets.Burning should not be used to clean up.spills on vegetative covering.Human safety should always be a major consideration. Sorbents -Commercially available sorbents,packaged as rolls,pads,and booms,shouldbe used immediately to be effective.They may be used to clean up residual slicks on waterbodies,shorelines,small pools of oi]on land,and small seeps.Snow berms constructed to contain a spill will absorb the spill and can be removed when saturated. -50- Pumping and Flotation -In areas where a spill may migrate to significant depths (bogs,sand and gravel bars,elevated pads,etc.),some of the spill may be forced to the surface by waterflooding the area.Water pumped onto the area will raise the groundwater table and force the oil to the surface. 'Then the oil can be removed with booms,skimmers,and sorbents.In areas where the contaminated material is consolidated,the water may have to be pumped into the ground through one or more holes drilled into the ground- water table.Pumping will lower the groundwater table,forming a depres- sion that will trap the spilled oil so that it can be pumped out.The discharge hose of the pump will be connected directly to at least two large storage containers.Cessation in pumping before all the oil is removed will cause the groundwater table to resume its former position and allow the once-pooled oil to migrate farther in the aquifer.Water used for the purposes of flooding and pumping should be properly treated before being discharged. 3.9.2 Implementation Guidelines Cleanup activities at a given potential spill location may involve several of the techniques mentioned in the previous discussion.Except where noted,the procedures can be used throughout the year. Pads and Roads Contaminated material on the surface of gravel roads and pads can be windrowed by a motorized grader,picked up by loaders,and transported by dump trucks.Small pools on paved surfaces can be cleaned up with sorbents.Contaminated material along the edges of roads and pads -51- can be pulled out with a backhoe or grade-all or by hand with rakes and shovels. Tundra_and Forest -Cleanup activities in tundra and forest regimes will normally require use of light equipment and hand cleaning techniques. Excessive vehicle traffic and trampling should be avoided. A spill will likely kill low-lying shrubs and grasses,and any plant that absorbs oil through its roots.Large trees with oi]on their trunks should be left alone.Pools of ofl can be removed with sorbents,small hand- operated pumps with skimming heads,and rakes and shovels.During the winter,contaminated snow cover can be carefully removed with heavy equip- ment or manual methods.. If a spill flows beneath the vegetative mat,it may be feasible to flood the area with water,float some of the oil to the surface,and remove it with sorbents and small pumps and by hand. Creeks,Ponds and Bogs -Clean-up operations in bogs and marshes will be limited,generally,to the use of sorbents,hand-operated pumps with skimming heads,and small tools.Waterflooding may be useful if large amounts of oil have reached a depression and lie beneath the vegetative cover.Contaminated vegetative cover can be removed by hand. Shorelines of ponds can be cleaned by hand or with sorbents and hand-oper- ated pumps with skimming heads.Contaminated grasses and debris will'have to be removed by hand.The banks of creeks can be treated in much the same -52- °.sfreot"JBOY.Preee|fi.vote*3.10 way.In addition,if the creek bed is wide enough,front-end loaders and draglines can remove large quantities of contaminated sand and gravel. Small slicks can be removed from the water surfaces with sorbents,small skimmers and booms,and hand-operated pumps with skimming heads.= Floodplains and Large Rivers -Spills on the surface of large rivers can be cleaned up by skimmers used with booms and berms.Rocks and boulders can be cleaned by hand scraping or pressurized equipment.Contaminated gravelbarscanberemovedwithfront-end loaders,draglines and backhoes. Contamination at depth in floodplain gravels can be treated by removing the gravel,flotation,or pumping.Sorbent booms and pads should be deployed © around these work areas to prevent 'contamination of downstream areas. Breakup poses the greatest hazard to personnel and the least success for cleanup.Little can be done in the case of a spill directly into a major river during breakup,other than cleaning up any residue left on the floodplain as the river subsides. Large Lakes -The primary means of cleaning up spills or large lakes is the use of booms,sorbents and skimmers.Contaminated vegetation along the shoreline can be clipped and removed.Sand and gravel can be removed and replaced. DISPOSAL Provisions for temporary and final disposal of oi]and the debris associ- ated with cleanup must be included in a project contingency plan.In most spill situations,recovered material is temporarily stored at a local site. -53- while arrangements are made for transport to a final disposal site.Also, recovered liquid wastes can undergo primary separation to reduce the amount of liquid requiring transport.All disposal plans must be reviewed and approved by ADEC prior to implementation. 3.10.1 Oil and Water Separation Effective ofl/water separators can be constructed under field conditions to recover oil from oil/water mixtures.Fifty-five gallon drums or sheet metal welded together into a 4 x 8 x 4-foot transportable container can be used as separators,after being fitted with a bottom draining pipe with valve.The oil/water mixture would enter the container from the top,be allowed to settle,and water then drained off the bottom through the drain pipe.The oil can be pumped to a storage tank or tank truck. A second method can be used to remove oi]from a natural or excavated sump pit.A 55-gallon drum fitted with a small pump and hose and a 4-x 18-inch slot cut from the top third jis suspended upright into the sump pit, positioned such that the bottom of the slot remains just below the surface of the of]layer.Oi]flowing into the drum is then pumped into a storage tank or tank truck. A tank or any portable tank can also be used to provide oil/water sepa- ration.If water in ofl emulsions is recovered,chemical de-emulsifiers can be added to the separator tanks to aid in breaking the emulsions and providing more effective water/oil separation. -54- 3.10.2 Temporary Waste Storage The purpose of a temporary storage site is to provide a location to accumu- Tate debris removed during cleanup operations until arrangements are made for final disposal.Temporary storage sites should be located in an area with good access to the cleanup operation and to nearby roads. Temporary storage sites should be selected and prepared to minimize conta- mination of surrounding areas.Storage sites should not be located on or adjacent to ravines,gullies,streams,or the sides of hills,but on flat areas with a minimum of slope.Once a location is selected,certain site preparation is usually necessary.An earth berm should be constructed around the perimeter of the storage site.Material can be excavated from the site itself and pushed to the perimeter,thereby forming a small basin. Entrance and exit gaps should be left in the berm to allow cleanup equip- ment access to the site.If the substrate or berm material jis permeable, plastic liners should be spread over the berms and across the floor of the storage site. 3.10.3 Final Disposal In some instances ,-contaminated debris can be incinerated on site,but only with prior approval from the Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation and other authorities.Otherwise,arrangements must be made with transpor- ters and disposal site operators approved by EPA. -55- 3.11 RECLAMATION Initial reclamation of lands affected by spills and cleanup operations should be aimed at removing structures and equipment used in the cleanup and at preventing erosion.Techniques for preventing erosion include tilling or scarifying the surface,mulching,fertilizing,seeding and transplanting vegetation.These techniques and others are described in a companion best management practices manual on erosion and sedimentation control.Final reclamation efforts should be postponed until the next growing season when an evaluation can be conducted to determine whether or not natural recovery will be sufficient to prevent erosion and allow development of a satisfactory plant cover. Restoration activities for affected waterbodies include removal of any structures and equipment used during cleanup operations.Excavations in streambeds shall -be sloped to prevent fish entrapment. -56- REFERENCES American Petroleum Institute,1976.Suggested procedure for development ofspillpreventioncontrolandcountermeasureplans. Alyeska Pipeline Service Co.,1980.Oil spill contingency plan general provisions. Husky O11 NPR Operations,Inc.,1976.Spill prevention control and countermeasure plan for Lonely POL facility. Klipp,J.E.,1973.Oil spill contingency and response plan for a proposedpipelinesystem,Colony Development Operation. Woodward-Clyde Consultants,1979.Manual of practice for protection and cleanupofshorelines:Volumes I and II. APPENDIX C TITLE 40 CODE OF FEDERAL REGULATIONS PART 266 SUBPART H HAZARDOUS WASTE BURNED IN BOILERS AND INDUSTRIAL FURNACES AND SUBPART E USED OIL BURNED FOR ENERGY RECOVERY §266.35 (The notification requirements contained Inparagraph(b)of this section were approvedbytheOfficeofManagementandBudgetundercontrolnumber2050-0028.The stor-age requirements contained in paragraph (c)of this section were approved by the OfficeofManagementandBudgetundercontrolnumber2060-0009.The manifest and in-volce requirements contained in paragraph(a)of this section were approved by theOfficeofManagementandBudgetundercontrolnumbers2050-0039 end 2060-0047,respectively.The certification requirementscontainedInparagraph(e)were approvedbytheOfficeofManagementandBudget.under control number 2050-0047,The reo-ordkeeping requirements contained in para-graph (f)were approved by the Office ofManagementandBudgetundercontrolnumber2050-0047.) (50 FR 49204,Nov.20,1085,as amended at62PR11621,Apr.13,1987) 9266.35 Standards applicable to burnersofhazardouswastefuel. Owners and operators of industrialfurnacesandboilersIdentifiedin§266.31(b)that burn hazardous wastefuelare"burners”and are subject tothefollowingrequirements:(a)Prohibitions,The prohibitions under §2€6.31(b);(b)Nottfication.Notification of haz-ardous waste fuel activities.Even {f aburnerhaspreviouslynotifiedEPAofhishazardouswastemanagementac-tivities and obtained a U.S.EPA Iden-tification Number,he must renotify toidentifyhishazardouswastefuelac- tivities.(ce)Storage.(1)For short term accu-mulation by generators who burntheirhazardouswastefuelonsite,theapplicableprovisionsof§262.34 of this chapter,(2)For existing storage facilities,theapplicableprovisionsofsubpartsAthroughLofpart265,and parts 270and124ofthischapter:and(3)For new storage facilities,the ap-plicable provisions of subparts AthroughLofpart264,and parts 270and124ofthischapter,(4)Requtred notices.Before &burner accepts the first shipment ofhazardouswastefuelfromamarketer,he must provide the marketer &one-time written and signed notice certify- ing that:()He has notified EPA and I{dentl-fled his waste-as-fuel activities;and 40 CFR Ch.1 (7-1-91 Edition) (2)He will burn the fuel only in aboilerorfurnaceidentifiedin 4 266.31(b).(e)Recordkeeping.In addition to theapplicablerecordkeepingrequirementsofparts264and265ofthischapter,aburnermustkeepacopyofeachcert{.fication notice that he sends to @ mar.keter for three years from the date heJastreceiveshazardouswastefuel from that marketer. (The notification requirements contained tnparagraph(b)of this section were approvedbytheOfficeofManagementandBudgetundercontrolnumber2050-0028.The ator.age requirements contained In paragraph (c)of this section were approved by the OfficeofManagementandBudgetundercontrolnumber2050-0000.The certification re.quirements contained in paragraph (4)ofthissectionwereapprovedbytheOfficeofManagementandBudgetundercontrolnumber2060-0047,The recordkeeping re-quirements contained in paragraph (e)ofthissectionwereapprovedbytheOfficeofManagementandBudgetundercontrolnumber2060-0047.) (60 FR 49204,Nov,29,1965,as amended at62FR11621,Apr.13,1987) Subpart E-Used Oil Burned forEnergyRecovery Bovace:60 PR 49205,Nov.29,1985,untess otherwise noted. 8266.40 Applicability. (a)The regulations of this subpartapplytousedolfthattsburnedforenergyrecoveryinanyboilerorindus-trial furnace that is not regulatedundersubpartOofpart264or265ofthischapter,except as provided byparagraphs(c)and (e)of this section.Such used ofl ts termed "used oll fuel”.Used oll fuel includes any fuel pro-duced from used oll by processing,blending,or other treatment.(b)"Used ofl”means any oll that hasbeenrefinedfromcrudeoll,used,and,as a result of such use,is contaminat-ed by physical or chemical impurities.(c)Except as provided by paragraph(d)of this section,used ofl that 1smixedwithhazardouswasteanburnedforenergyrecoveryIssubjecttoregulationashazardouswaste{fuelundersubpartHofpart266,Used ollcontainingmorethan1000ppm© 436 Envirenmental Pretection Agency total halogens is presumed to be a has- ardous waste because it has been mixed with halogenated hazardous waste Ilsted in subpart D of part 261 of this chapter.Persons may rebut this presumption by demonstrating thattheusedolldoesnotcontainhazard- ous waste (for example,by showing that the used ol]does not contain sig- nificant concentrations of halogenated hazardous constituents Msted in ap-pendix VIII of part 261 of this chap-r). (d)Used oll burned for energy recov- ery is subject to regulation under this subpart rather than as hazardous waste fuel under subpart H of this part if it is a hazardous waste solelybecauseit: (1)Exhibits a characteristic of has- ardous waste identified in subpart C of part 261 of this chapter,provided thatitisnotmixedwithahazardouswaste; or (2)Contains hazardous waste gener- ated only by a person subject to the special requirements for amall quantl- ty generators under §261.5 of this chapter, (e)Except as provided by paragraph (ce)of this section,used oll burned for energy recovery,and any fuel pro- duced from used ol]by processing, blending,or other treatment,is sub- ject to regulation under this subpartunlessitisshownnottoexceedanyof the allowable levels of the constitu- ents and properties In the specifica- tion shown in the following table. Used oll fuel that meets the specifica- ton ts subject only to the analysis and recordkeeping requirements under §266.43(b)(1)and (6).Used oll fuel that exceeds any specification level isfmed"off-epecification.used oll'ue ” Useo On EXxcCeeowa any SPECINCATION Lever «SUuBJecT To Tire SuePART WHENBURNEDFORENERGYRECOVERY* Constnuert/property Altowebte level Cones $p9m mentee ppm mente Overt 10 ppm oreLong100ppmmando Pash Point 100 °F edréveVoutHatog4,000 ppm * Stipe te 1 te pat ie mopertwhenburnedforrecoveryunieespreeumptionbarecanbesuccessdyretusteed.ed bl {60 FR 49205,Nov.29,1965,as amended66FR32602,July 17,1001} " Errectrvs Dare More At 6@ FR 3269July17,1091,in §266.40,the first pesteance "subpart D”with "subpart H”, August 31,1901, effective 6266.41 Prohibitions. (a)A person may market off-specifl- cation used oll for energy recovery only: q1)To burners or other marketers who have notified EPA of their used of]management activities stating the location and general description of such activities,and who have an EPA identification number;and (2)To burners who burn the used oll in an industrial furnace or boiler iden- tified in paragraph (b)of this section.bAn Ott-epecification used ofl may beorenergyrecoveryinonl following devices:ad y the (1)Industrial furnaces Identified in §260.10 of this chapter;or (2)Boilers,as defined in §260.10 ofphischapter,that are identified as fol- ()Industrial boilers located on the site of a facility engaged in a manufac- turing process where substances are transformed into new products,includ- ing the component parta of products, by mechanical or chemical processes; (1)Utillty botlers used to produce electric power,ateam,or heated or cooled alr or other gases or fluids for sale;or seddipU0 oll-fired space heate vided that: P re Pro- (A)The heater burns only used ofl that the owner or operator generates or used oll received from do-it-yourself oll changers who generate used oll as household waste; (B)The heater Is designed to have a maximum capacity of not more than 0.6 million Btu per hour;and (C)The combustion gases from the heater are vented to the ambient air. 437 §266.42 926642 Standards applicable to geners-tore of used ol)burned for energy re- covery.(a)Except as provided in paragraphs(b)and (c)of this section,generatorsofusedof]are not subject to this sub- part.(b)Generators who market used ofl -directly to @ burner are subject to 4 266.43.(c)Generators who burn used oll aresubjectto§366.44. 0266.43 Standards applicable to market-ers of used ol!burned for energy recev- ery. are termprovided below,generators who market used oll fueldirectlytoaburner,persons who re-ceive used oll from generators andproduce,process,OF blend used ofl fuelfromtheseusedolls(including personssendingblendedorprusedolltobrokersorotherintermediaries).and persons who distribute but do notprocessorblendusedollfuel.The fol-lowing persons are not marketers sub-fect to this subpart:C1)Used ofl generators,and collec-tors who transport used oll receivedonlyfromgenerators,unless the gen-erator or collector markets theofldirectlytoapersonwhoburns itforenergyrecovery.However,personswhoburnsomeusedol}fuel for pur- poses of p or other treatment_to produce used oll fuel for marketingareconsideredtobeburningInciden-tally to processing.Thus,generatorsandcollectorswhomarkettosuchin-cidental burners are not marketersaubjecttothissubpart;(2)Persons who market only used ollfuelthatmeetathespecificationunder§266.40e)and who are not the firstpersontoclaimtheollmeetsthespec-ification (Le.,marketers who do not re-celve used ofl from generators or Inl-tial transporters and marketers whoneitherreceivenormarketoff-specif!-cation used off fuel).(b)Marketers are subject to the fol-lowing requirements:(1)Analysts of used oil fuel.Used oilfuelissubjecttoreguiationunderthissubpartunlessthemarketerobtainsanalysesorotherInformationdocu- 40 CFR Ch.1 (7-1-91 Edition) menting that the used oll fuel meetsthespecificationprovidedunder §266.40(e).(2)Prohibitions.The prohibitionsunder§266.41(8); (4)Invotce system.When a marketershipmentofoff-specifica-prepareaendthereceivingfacilityaninvoicecontainingthefollowinginformation:a)An involce number;Gd)His own EPA identificationnumberandtheEPAidentificationnumberofthereceivingfacility;(iil)The names and addresses of theshippingandreceivingfacilities;(vy)The quantity of off-specificationusedolltobedelivered;(v)The date(s)of shipment or deliv- ry;and(Wb)The following atatement:"This'used ofl is subject to EPA regulationunder40CFRpart266%Nore:Used oll that meets the definition ofcombustibleliquid(flash point below 200 ibutatorgreaterthan100°F)or NammableHiquid(flash point below 100 °F)is subjecttionHaszard-partment of at 49 CFR parts marketer initiates the firat shipmentofoff-specification used oll to a burnerorothermarketer,he must obtain 8one-time written and signed noticefromtheburnerormarketercertify- ing that:(A)The burner or marketer has no-tifled EPA stating the location andgeneraldescriptionofhisusedollmanagementactivities;and(B)If the recipient ts burner,theburnerwillburntheoff-specification f y in an industrial furnaceorboilerIdentifiedin§266.41(b);andGt)Before a marketer accepts thefiratshipmentofoff-specificationollfromanothermarketersubjecttherequirementsofthissection,he 438 Environmental Protection Agency must provide the marketer with a one- on written and signed notice certify-that he has notified EPA of hisusedoffmanagementactivities;and (6)Recordkeeping-(1)Used ot!fuel that meets the specification.A market- er who first claims under paragraph (bX 1)of this section that used oll fuel meets the specification must keep eoples of analysis (or other informa. tion used to make the determination) of used oll for three years.Such mar-keters must also record in an operat-ing log and keep for three years thefollowinginformationoneach.ship- ment of used oll fuel that meets thespecification.Buch used oll fuel is notsubjecttofurtherregulation,unless itissubsequentlymixedwithhazardouswasteoFuntoesitismixedwithusednolongermeetsspeci-fication."ne(A)The name and address of the fa- city ronvng the anipmentequanWea:y of oll fuel de- (C)The date of shierrand pment or deliv- cross-reference to the record of used of]analysis (or other informa- tion used to make the dotermination bend the of]meets the specification)uired under paragraph .,tion used ollmarketerwhoreceivesorinitistee aninvoloeundertherequirementsofthis section must keep a copy of each in- woloe for three years from the date the invoice is received or prepared.In ad- dition,a marketer must keep a copy of each certification notice that he re- ceives or sends for three years from the date he last engages in an off-speo- if{teation used oll fuel marketing trans-action with the person who sends orreceivesthecertificationnotice. (The analysis requirements containedparagraph(bX1)of this section were aprovedbyOMBundercontrolnumber2060-0047.The notification requirements oon- tained In paragraph (bX3)of this sectionwereapprovedbyOMBundercontrolmamber2060-0038.The invoice require-ments contained In paragraph (bX)of thistrolwereapprovedbyOMBundercon-number 2060-0047.The certification re-Silrements contained in peresraph (bX5)ofwereapprovedbyOMBunder control number 2050-0047,The recordkeep- §266.44 ing te containedTeno)ef thls wontionware cemoveabyOMeundercontrolnumber2080-0047.) {86 PR 49206,Nov.20,1065, 53 PR 11822.Ape.13,1967] amended at 0286.64 Standards applicable to burn ere of used oll burned for energy recovery. Owners and operators of facilitiesthetaresubjecttofuelare"burners”au .ate the following re- a {dition.Thsei308tos e prohibition 0!tion.Burners of off.{fication used oi]fuel,and burners ofteedolfuelwhoarethefirsttaclaimhattheof]meets the specificationPunder§266.40e),exceptburneirswhoburnspecificationoi!ey generate,must notify EPA stating the location and general de- scription of used oll management ac- tivities.Burners of used oll fuel that meets the specification who recelve such ofl from a marketer that previ- ously notified EPA are not required to notify.Owners and operators of used oll-flred space heaters that burn used oi]fuel under the provisions of §266.41(b2)are exempt from this no- tification requirement.Even if apumerhaspreviouslynotifiedEPAofharionabedwastemanagementac-wi ies under section 3010 of RCRAobtainedanidentification number,he must renotify to identify his used oll management activities. (c)Required notices.Before a burnerwoceptsthefirstshipmentofoff-speci-ication used oil fuel from a marketer,he must,provide the marketer a one-ing that ed notice certify- )He has notified EPA stating thlocationandgeneraldescriptionofhisusedol!management activities;and(2)He will burn the used oil only in an industrial furnace or boller {dent!- fog ini1 266.41(0);andSualanalysis.(1ol]fuel burned by the wonerator ls wutjocttoregulationunderthissubpart unless the burner obtains analysis (or other information)documenting that the used ol]meeta the specificationprovidedunder§266.40(e).urners who treat of -tion used oll fuel by heen are pers 439 wT O-M1-1b §266.70 ing,or other treatment to meet thespecificationprovided-under266.40(e)must obtain analyses (orVinerinformation)documenting thattheusedollmeetsthespecification.(e)Recordkeeping.A burner who re-ceives an involce under the require-ments of this section must keep a copyofeachinvoiceforthreeyearsfromthedatetheinvoiceisreceived.Burn-ere must also keep for three years.coples of analyses of used of)fuel asmayberequiredbyparagraph(a)ofthissection.In addition,he must keepacopyofeachcertificationnoticethathesendstoamarketerforthreeyearsfromthedatehelastreceivesoff-spec-ification used oll from that marketer. in paragraph (e)of this section were ap-proved by OMB under contro!number 2060- 0047.) {50 PR 49205,Nov.29,1986,as amended at62FPR11622,Apr.13,1087) Subpart F-Recydable Materials Uti-.Fised fer Precious Metal Recev- ery 6266.70 Applicability and requirements.(a)The regulations of this subpartapplytorecyclablematerialsthatarereclaimedtorecovereconomicallysig-nificant amounts of gold,sliver,plati-num,paladium,irridium,osmium,rho-dium,ruthenium,or any combination these.oD Persons who generate,transport,or store recyclable materials that areregulatedunderthissubpartaresub-ject to the following requirements:(1)Notification requirements undersection3010ofRCRA;(2)Subpart B of part 262 (for gen-erators),§§263.20 and 263.21 (fortransporters),and §§365.71 and 265.72(for persons who store)of this chap- ter;(c)Persons who store recycled mate-rials that are regulated under this sub- 40 CFR Ch.1 (7-1-91 Edition) part must keep the following recordstodocumentthattheyarenotaccu-mulating these materials speculatively(as defined in §261.1(c)of this chap- ter); these materials stored at the begin-ning of the calendar year;(2)The amount of these materialsgeneratedorreceivedduringthecal-endar year;and_@)The amount of materials remain-ing at the end of the calendar year,(a)Recyclable materials that areregulatedunderthissubpartthatareaccumulatedspeculatively(as definedin§261.1(c)of this chapter)are sub-Ject to all applicable provisions ofparts262through265,270 and 134 ofthischapter. Subpert G-Spent Leed-AdidRetteriesBeingRecleimed 0266.80 Applicability and requirements, (a)The regulations of this subpartspent RCRA.(b)Owners or operators of facilitiesthatstorespentbatteriesbeforere-claiming them are subject to the fol-lowing requirements.(1)Notification requirements undersection3010ofRCRA;(2)All applicable provisions in sub-parts A,B (but not 4264.13 (wasteanalyats)),C,D,KE (but not §264.71 or§264.72 (dealing with the use of themanifestandmanifestdiscrepencies)).and F through L of part 264 of this chapter, (60 PR 666,Jan.4,1985,as amended at 50FR33643,Aug.20,1965) Subpert H-Haxerdeus Waste BurnedInBollersandIndustrielFurnaces Bounce:86 PR 7208,Feb.21,1001,unless otherwise noted, 440 (1)Records showing the volume of : Envirenmental Pretection Agency Evvacrrvs Dare Nore At 86 PR 7208,Feb.31,1901,§§206.100 through 366.113 (sub-Pa H)were added,effective August 21, 0266.100 Applicability. (a)The regulations of this subpart apply to hazardous waste burned or processed in a boiler or industrial fur- nace (as defined in §260.10 of this chapter)irrespective of the purpose of burning or processing,except as pro- vided by paragraphs (b),(c),and (d)of this section.In this subpart,the term "burn”means burning for energy re- covery or destruction,or processing for materials recovery or as an ingredi- ent.The emissions standards of $6266.104,266.105,266.106,and 266.107 apply to facilities operating under interim status or under a RCRA operating permit as specified in 0§266.102 and 266.103. (b)The following hazardous wastes and facilities are not subject to regula- tion under this subpart: (1)Used of}burned for energy recov- ery that fs also a hazardous waste solely because it exhibits a character- istic of hazardous waste identified in subpart C of part 261 of this chapter. Buch used oll ls subject to regulation under subpert E of part 266 rather than this subpart; (2)Gas recovered from hasardous orsolidwastelandfillswhensuchgasisburnedforenergyrecovery; (3)Hazardous wastes that are exempt from regulation under §§261.4 and 261.6(aX3)(v-vill)of this chapter, and hasardous wastes that are subject to the special requirements for condi- tlonally exempt small quantity genera- tors under §261.6 of this chapter;and (4)Coke ovens,if the only hasardous waste burned ie EPA Hazardous Waste No.K087,decanter tank tar sludge from ooking operations.(ce)Owners and operators of amelt- ing,melting,and refining furnaces (in- cluding pyrometallurgical devices such as cupolas,sintering machines,roast- era,and foundry furnaces,but not in- cluding cement kilns,aggregate kiins, or halogen acid furnaces burning has- ardous waste)that process hazardous waste solely for metal recovery are conditionally exempt from regulation §266.100 (1)To be exempt from §§266.102 through 266.111,an owner or operator must: ()Provide a one-time written notice to the Director indicating the follow- (A)The owner or operator claims ex- emption under this paragraph; (B)The hasardous waste is burned solely for metal recovery consistent with the provisions of paragraph (cX2) of this section; (C)The hasardous waste contains recoverable levels of metals;and (D)The owner or operator will comply with the sampling and analysis and recordkeeping requirements of this paragraph; (i)Sample and analyze the hazard- ous waste and other feedstocks as nec- essary to comply with the require- ments of this paragraph under proce- dures specified by Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste,Physical/ Chemical Methods,SW-846,incorpo- rated by reference in §260.11 of this chapter;and (l)Maintain at the facility for at least three years records to document compliance with the provisions of this peragraph including limits on levels of toxic organic constituents and Btu value of the waste,and levels of recov- erable metals in the hazardous waste - compared to norma)nonhazardous waste feedstocks, (2)A hasardous waste meeting either of the following criteria is not processed solely for metal recovery: ()The hazardous waste has a total concentration of organic compounds Usted in part 261,appendix VIII,of this chapter exceeding 500 ppm by weight,as-generated,and so is consid- ered to be burned for deatruction;or (i)The hasardous waste has a heat- ing value of 6,000 Btu/Ib or more,as- generated or as-fired into the furnace,end #0 Is considered to be burned asuel.. (a)The standards for direct transfer operations under §266.111 apply only to factlittes subject to the permit standards of §266.102 or the interim status standards of §266.103. (e)The management standards for realdues under §266.112 apply to any under this subpart,except for boiler or tndustrial furnace burning §§266.101 and 266.212.hazardous waste. 441 APPENDIX D OIL SPILL HISTORY -[ * Y State of AiasxaDNWalterJkickel.Go.ernor Alaska Energy Authority September 15,1993 A Public Corporation FILE COPY )Sar EE)EE 'Spill Reso? v AEA/OTHR/1493 Mr.Gary Foley Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation Kenai District Office 35390 K-Beach Road,Suite 11 Red Diamond Center Soldotna,Alaska 99669 Subject:Oil Spill Report -Bradley Lake Hydroelectric Project ADEC Oil Spill No.93-23-1-239-2 Dear Mr.Foley: This confirms our verbal notification to you of a minor oil spill at Bradley Lake Hydroelectric project on August 27,1993. The incident occurred when a dump truck was unloading soil directly into the bucket of a from end loader.As the dump truck was unloading the material,a hydraulic hose on it was broken and a quantity of hydraulic oil,estimated to be 5 gallons,was discharged directly into the loader bucket.Very little,if any,hydraulic fluid reached the ground, however,up to 3 cubic yards of soils in the bucket was contaminated.This contaminated material has been placed on a plastic liner and covered. To remediate the soil,we intend to incinerate small quantities (about one cubic foot at a time)in a Therm-Tec,Model G-6 incinerator we have on site.I am attaching the specifications of that type of unit for your information. After the material is incinerated it can be held for testing to verify clean-up,if you require.Otherwise,we would intend to return the remediated material back to a stockpile for future use at the site. Please provide me with your requirements with respect to testing and disposition of the remediated soils. PO.Box 190869 704 East Tudor Road Anchorage,Alaska 99519-0869 (907)564-7877 Fax:(907)561-858493Q3/BC5387(1): Letter to: Mr.Gary Foley,ADEC September 15,1993 Page 2 I am enclosing a copy of our initial spill report for your records and if you have any questions,please do not hesitate to contact me at (907)561-7877. Sincerely, / Thomas J.Arminski Permits and Right of Way Specialist TJA:be Enclosures as stated. 93Q3/BC5387(2) SPECIFICATIONS Incinerator,Therm-Tec Model G-6 or equal.The Incinerator shall meet,but not be limited to the following requirements: 1. 2. 11. 12. 13. 91Q4\J01819 Must be EPA Approved. Shall be controlled atmosphere design equipped with refuse chamber,control chamber,controls,burners and refractory lined stacks. Burners shall burn No.1 diesel fuel. Primary chamber shall have a volume of 25 cubic feet with a burner capacity of 800,000 BTUs per hour. Combustion Area Temperature shall be maintained at 1800°F through the complete combustion cycle. After burner shall be capable of producing 800,000 BTUs per hour. Feed door shal]have a minimum opening of 48"by 40". The incinerator shall have a minimum burn rate of 500 lbs.per day of general waste. Main chamber shall be constructed of 3/16"steel or thicker,shall be lined with a minimum of 3"of high heat refractory ceramic. The controls shall safely monitor and operate the incinerator system and shall include,but not be limited to: System ON/OFF Switch Sequential burner timer with indicator light for each burner Draft gauge indicatorChambertemperaturecontroller Door safety limit switch NEMA 4 enclosure,suitable for washdown.> AoDanOoee°.eeeThe stack shall be 16"inside diameter and have a minimum of 1/2 second retention time in secondary.The top stack sectionshallhaveanaccessportforsourcetesting,spark arrestor and storm collar with guy ring. A complete set of stoking tools shall be furnished for each unit. The Seller shall provide other materials and drawings notspecificallydescribedbutrequiredforacompleteandproper installation. -13- TABLE 4 Peeps INITIAL SPILL REPORT _.ere ome .ache'eee&Aeotthe"otagnateMieUtena8ad- A OATE AND TIME SPILL OCCURRED OATE ANO TIME FIRST OBSERVED REPORT NO &CATE SPILL OATE BY « AND TIME August 27,1993 11:00 a.m,same August 27,1993 - 8 LOCATION LATITUDE LONGITUOE SPILL LOCATION Bradley Lake Hydro Airstrip = c OPERATOR OR OWNER Alaska Energy Authority 0 TYPE VOLUME SPILL TYPE ANO VOLUME hydraulic fluid approx.5 gallons E APPARENT CAUSE OF broken equipment hose SPILL F _x*%TERMINATED SPILL STATUS CONTINUING G NATURE ANDO EXTENT OF CONTAMINATED AREA CONTAMINATION AREA gravel pad next to airstrip waiting building H WAND SPEED GENERAL CONDITIONS FOR OPERATIONS (Visibility,weather, ENVIRONMENTAL WAND DIRECTION ice,currents). CONDITIONS SEA STATE AIR TEMP t IS THE SPILL CONTAINED?IF YES,HOW? SPILL xx,YES contaminated gravel scooped up and placed on plastic linerCONTROL__.NO ° J ACTION TAKEN IN RESPONSE TO SPILL (Stop leek,skimming,absorbent,recovery} ACTION TAKEN as above K 1S GOVERNMENT ASSISTANCE REQUIRED?(Type of aesietance necessary) ASSISTANCE YES xx NO L ANY HAZAROS TO PERSONS OR PROPERTY?(Drinking water,fire hazerd,etc.)HAZAROS no M Spill reported to Gary Foley,DEC,Soldotna.Mr.Foley suggested that up to twoRECOMMENDATIONS|cubic yards of material could be treated by landspreading if there are no waterAND/OR REMARKS wells within &mile of the spreading area.Also,incinerate small quantities at a Lime. N Mr.Cary Foley,DEC,Soldotna REPORTED TO- VIA ; REPORTED BY:Tom Arminski Permits &ROW Specialist :A_O NAME POSITION SIGNATYRE DATE:August 27,1993 SPILL NUMBER ASSIGNED BY DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION:__93-23-1-239-2 BRADLEY LAKE HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT OIL SPILL PREVENTION CONTROL ANO COUNTERMEASURES PLAN Homer,.Aleeka Auguet 1992 N:07072.005-5:010 Page 12 STATE Gy ALASIA 7 meme onme262-5210 P.O.Box 1207DEPT.OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION Soldotna,Alaska 99669 RECORD UOPYRECEIVEDFILENO July 15,1992 mt z-2le (om)PMT 2-3.)APECY JUL 17 1992 .Alaska Energy AuthorityTomArminski Alaska Energy Authority Ps.O.Box 190869 Anchorage,AK 99519-0869 RE:Bradley Lake POL Facility Spill #91-23-01-273-01 POL Closure- Dear Mr.Arminski: On June 17,1992,the Kenai District Office of the Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation (ADEC)conducted a site inspection of the POL yard.Five test pits were excavated below groundwater in locations that appeared to be downgradient of the POL yard,to verify the actual depth to groundwater and to determine whether or not groundwater quality has been impacted by contaminants released at the POL site.No evidence of groundwater contamination was detected in any of the downgradient test holes. Based on the results of this inspection,in conjunction with previously submitted information,it has been determined that no further assessment or cleanup actions are required at the POL yard at this time. However,a work plan for the remediation of the petroleum contaminated soils that were excavated from the POL facilities spill needs to be submitted to this office.'The Department requires that remediation work plans be submitted to,and approvedby,*this Cffice prior to implementation.The werk plan shouldaddressthedesign,construction,implementation,and operation of the remediation system,and monitoring of remediation progress. I appreciate the tour of the Bradley Lake facility that you provided,and-look forward to working with you toward remediation of the stockpiled LUST and POL soils.If you have any questions or need additional information feel free to contact me at the Kenai District Office. CORRESPONDENCE DISTRIBUTION 3 'COPIES:ACTION:of 497 Donald G.FritzWOLF7/#5 Fogzipauis|pp Iratd 5:ERERLE 'Environmental Specialist ARMINSK Diy Date:&printed on recycled paper b y C.D. Y State of AlaskaDNWalterJ.Hicke!,Governor at, Alaska Energy Authority RECORD VCOPY A Public Corporation FILE NO AEA/OTHR/1339 pr A-2.1 AdTL February 4,1992 A" Ms.Monica EnglishAlaskaDepartment of Environmental ConservationKenaiAreaOffice P.O.Box 1207 Soldotna,Alaska 99669 Subject:Underground Storage Tank (UST)ClosureBradleyLakeHydroelectricProjectADECSpill#92-23-01-017-02 Dear Ms.English: We are submitting the following documents regarding closure of four (4)on-siteundergroundstoragetanksandrelatedpetroleumreleaseattheBradleyLakeHydroelectricProject: 1.Underground Storage Tank (UST)Site Assessment Report,Bradley LakeHydroelectricProject,Kachemak Bay,Alaska,Northern Test Lab,January1992. 2.Data Deliverable Package,Bradley Lake Project,Chemical &GeologicalLaboratoriesofAlaska,Inc.,November 1991. 3.Preliminary Risk Evaluation Form,(included within Item 1:AssessmentReport.) 4.Post-Closure Information Form,(included within Item 1:AssessmentReport.) All underground storage tanks at the Bradley Lake Project site have now been removed.Soil contamination was discovered at both the shop/warehouse tank area and at theincinerationbuildingtankarea.Soil contamination appeared to be solely the product oftankoverfillsorspillswhilefuelingvehicles.No leaks were observed in tanks or associatedpiping.All contaminated soils,approximately 160 cubic yards from the shop/warehousearea,and 80 cubic yards from the incinerator building area were removed and stockpiled intheDepartmentofEnvironmentalConservation(DEC)approved long-term stockpileslocatedatthesite.After excavations were verified as clean,they were backfilled with new, clean material.Piping was cleaned and disposed of on-site ina DEC approved solid wastelandfill.Tanks have become the property of Doyle Construction,Inc.and are stored intheirconstructionyardinKenai,Alaska. O PO.Box 110809 Juneau,Alaska 99844-0809 (907)465-35755°PO.Box 190869 704 East Tudor Road Anchorage,Alaska 99519-0869 (907)564-7877 92Q1\JD2405(1)Page 1 e Ms.Monica EnglishBLHPUSTClosure February 4,1992 The above described actions,and as further elaborated upon in the site assessment report,constitute the Spill Abatement and Release Investigation for this tank removal action.No further activities,other than remediation of contaminated soils in Summer 1992 are anticipated. If you have any questions or comments please do not hesitate to contactMr.Tom Arminski at 561-7877. Sincerely, David R.Eberle Project Manager TJA:DRE:jd Enclosures as stated. cc:Stanley E.Sieczkowski,Alaska Energy Authority,w/o enclosuresLarryWolf;Alaska Energy Authority,w/o enclosuresUSTDecommissioning,ADEC,Juneau,w/Post Closure Notice 92Q1\D2408(2)Page2 "Decommission #;(Please print) Facilitv-Location ank Owne (Please do not use P.0.Box)Name Beollen Lily.Con Wideceinn G24 Name Q\,,-¢q £s rors fa:4 {Address 97 MW OSE AS or”Addressoe:=Suter EenaDiassinean:=.av Qg ENG Phone__Q29 -GU arr ed (2.E bosle Facility ID #:Phone__$¢.'-VE77 Tank Closure was performed by: Sealy Cncotton st+mS lew Address (1CC:e zy \Qes(Company name)Keray de A%e iOai/S/9 Phone_225-SUS(Date) Tank/piping was:Removed _X Closed In Place Fiil Material NOTE:SITE ASSESSMENT REPORT MUST BE ATTACHED. ite Assessment Performed Bv:- Company_Nerterns Text Lolo Phone__DOa-WGQuMethodused_Qum +balerate i Enalu:riuSWastheclosedtankreplacedbynewUST?Yes_'No_X% If yes,please submit a new notification form containing information on the new tanks. Where and how was the old tank,piping,and equipment disposed? Scrap Name Location Landfill Name -LocationStoredName_Deuie.CosstencioLocation Kero,Al.Other Comment _ Were any signs of leaks or spills found?A __If yes,were the Preliminary Risk Evaluation Form,Release Investigation Report,and Corrective Action Report submittedtotheappropriateDistrictOffice?_A If not submitted,please explain All releases should be reported to a DEC District Office within 24 hours.For further information refer to the Interim Requirements For Regulated Underground StorageTanksorcontacttheDepartmentofEnvironmentalConservation. :uw _\'.;.Submitted By:"Peter Caono)'ye \_Petherd Vek Lis 9¢2-46904(Please print)(Firm)(Phor:e) Retura Completed Form with Attached Site Assessment to: Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation UST Decommissioning Notice P.O.Box O Juneau,Alaska 99811-1800 eee eT ee a7"oe ;WALTERJ.HICKEL,GOVERNORrr3eieoonPoa=262-5210 P O Box 1207 otna,Alaskaf99669sOCT251853 DEPT.OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATIONRE C E |VE Ds October 23,1994°¢ERNSY Authority,RECORD VOPYFILE'NO Mr.David R.Eberle par.Asay AGESAlaskaEnergyAuthority_---P.O.Box 190869 - 701 East Tudor Road Anchorage,Alaska 99519-0869 RE:Bradley Lake Hydroelectric Project POL Facilities Spill, ADEC Spill Number 91-2-3-1-273-1. Dear Mr.Eberle: The Department is in receipt of and has reviewed the final spill report and attached analytical results for the spill as referenced above.Based upon the information submitted,the Department finds that the clean up of this spill has been conducted in accordance with it's guidelines and regulations and that no further action is warranted at this spill site.I would also like to confirm my verbal 'approval to backfill the excavation in this letter. Thank you for the efficient clean up of this spill.Per our previous conversations,it is understood that the Alaska Energy Authority will be storing the excavated contaminated soils in a temporary storage facility until they can be remediated in the spring.I would like to acknowledge also in this letter that the Department reviewed the long-term stockpiling plan that was submitted by AEA and have previously forwarded a conditional approval for this plan. Please be advised that AEA will be required to submit to the Department a plan for the remediation of these soils.AEA should contact Mr.Paul Horwaith of this office regarding the remediation of these soils. Please feel free to call me at 262-5210 if you have any questions. Sincerely, 7 Viucd SteLecsenCFNafSilaarmyCORRESPONDENCEDISTRIFATKMaykSienkiewicz ACTION:Copbsvirgnmental Specialist cc:Paul Horwaith,ADEC LEP yet i .SS pester ees vated pager ts CF.vx