HomeMy WebLinkAboutWater_Sewer_MMBTU Estimate_FormattedWater & Sewer Estimated Energy Use
The attached documentation presents an estimate of energy use as found in water and sewer systems throughout
Alaska, including large water and sewer systems in the railbelt and southeast Alaska and rural Alaska Water and Sewer
Systems.
Large Alaska Water and Sewer Systems. The energy data, as found in the Large Alaska Community Water and
Sewer table, was collected in January/February 2012. An energy specialist contacted the engineering and billing
departments in the respective utilities. Actual data was included for those utilities that provided the
information. For those utilities that did not provide data or provided incomplete information, estimates were
made based upon comparably sized utilities with some adjustments based upon community served and
population. The adjustments are noted in the tables. Energy estimates were made based upon the data
provided.
Rural Alaska Water and Sewer Systems. Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, Division of Environmental
Health and Engineering, provided a listing of all rural Alaska communities served by piped water and sewer.
Septic systems and haul systems are not included in this analysis. The results of the water and sewer energy
models for New Stuyahok, Savoonga, Selawik, and Bethel were used as comparable communities. For each
community found on the water and sewer master list, adjustments were made based on the number of
occupied homes as it compares to the energy model. Therefore, occupied homes in both the comparable
communities and the water and sewer system communities were used as the unit of analysis. The energy
outputs from the energy model were used as proxy data.
The estimates for the water and sewer energy use can be found in the following pages. We are estimating this at a
+/50% level of accuracy.
Water & Sewer Estimate Water and Sewer Energy Use
Power
(MMBtu)
Heat
(MMBtu)
MMBTU/YR
Estimate for all
water and sewer
systems in AK
Total population
% of total
by
population
% of total
by
MMBTU/YR
Large Community Water
& Sewer 131,937 128,137 260,074 403,568 87.92% 61.30%
Rural Water & Sewer
Communities 25221 138996 164,216.39 55,449.00 12.08% 38.70%
Total MMBTU/YR 157157 267133 424,291 459,017 100.00% 100.00%
Notes
Rural Water and Sewer systems was derived upon ANTHC reports on total water
and sewer systems
No septic s systems or haul systems were included in this
analysis
Estimates were based upon modeled energy use for comparable communities
Actual data was collected for Alaska's top ten communities
by population
Rough order of magnitude energy estimate
(+/-50%)
Power(kWh)Heat ‐ Diesel #1 (GAL)Heat ‐ Diesel #2 (GAL)Heat ‐ Natural Gas (CCF)Heat ‐ Propane (GAL)Power(MMBtu)Heat(MMBtu)Total Consumption (MMBtu) for City% of Total Consumption, All Cities1Anchorage City291826 2010 R 15,740,285833,32453,722 83,332 137,054 52.7% Eklutna Water Plant & possibly northern Pump Stations are served by MEA. The Eklutna water plant provides (credit) MEA grid with electricity generated from turbine as water enters plant from Eklutna Lake.None, actual consumption #s were provided.2Fairbanks City31535E23,196 13,309 36,505 14.0% Conversion from diesel to NG in progress, to be completed in 2012. Unable to submit info by deadline. Wasilla used as a proxy with population adjustment.3Juneau City & Borough 3127512,485 8,332 20,817 8.0% Ketchikan used a proxy with prorated population as an estimate4Wasilla City7831 2010 R+E 1,687,69433,0515,760 3,305 9,065 3.5% City provided bills for all meters, but none were complete for the entire year. Each sewer line has a pump at the service end; electricity is paid by homeowner. City estimates 700 pumps, 0.5 hp, operate 1 hour/day, year‐round.Incomplete data were supplied by City. Obtained consumption reports for Gas, but used assumptions to complete data gaps for electric. See tab, "Wasilla ‐ Raw." Also, estimated electric consumption from sewer pumps @ homes, as customer pays the electric for these pumps. 5Sitka City & Borough8881E5,760 3,305 9,065 3.5% Sitka Used as a proxy for estimating purposes6Kenai City7100 2011 R 4,104,19036,24714,008 3,625 17,632 6.8% Total KWh and CCF reported from Finance invoices, per Terry Eubank.None, actual consumption #s were provided.7Ketchikan City8050 2011 E 941,55615,5403,214 2,145 5,358 2.1% Only the Wastewater Utility Provided DataNone, actual consumption #s were provided.8Palmer City5937 2011 E 1,073,96050,5003,665 5,050 8,715 3.4% City of Palmer provided a total cost ($) for MEA and Enstar billings for water utility and wastewater utility. No bills were provided.City provided total costs only. Enstar: Obtained consumption reports, so data are accurate. MEA: Back‐calculated based on MEA rate structure. Assumed (arbitrary) 25% of pre‐tax bills are demand charges, and that G4 meter rate applied. Awaiting consumption reports from utility for more accurate data.7Kodiak City6130 2011 R+E23,0763,665 3,184 6,850 2.6% Submitted heating oil data after deadline. Electricity still pending.10Homer City5003 2011 R 1,893,53117,0962,076 6,463 2,550 9,012 3.5% Detailed data spreadsheet for all facilities provided by Engineering Dept. captured 2005‐2012. Data here are subset of 2011 data.None, actual consumption #s were provided in spreadsheet. Summed as needed to obtain total Kwh and Gal diesel and/or propane.TOTALSPopulation, All Cities403,56825,441,21755,712 953,122 2,076 131,937 128,137 260,074Consumption, All EnergyWater & SewerLarge Alaska Community Water & Sewer Estimated Energy UseCommunity #Notes AssumptionsPopulation (2010 Census)Energy Data Year Estimated or Reported?
BTU/H kWH/yr MMBTU/yr BTU/h kWh/yr MMBTU/yr6Elfin Cove New Stuyahok 35Piped13 1.001311411%1533 393613.43 7619 19562 66.756Hydaburg New Stuyahok 388Piped128 0.87111114112%1509438752132.22 75021 192611 657.196Saxman New Stuyahok 414Piped120 0.96115114105%14151 36330123.96 70333 180573 616.116ManokotakNew Stuyahok 459Piped121 1.00121114106%14268 36633124.99 70919 182077 621.256Thorne BayNew Stuyahok 474Piped214 1.00214114188%25235 64789221.06 125427 322021 1098.746Kake New Stuyahok 568Piped213 0.98209114187%25117 64486220.03 1248403205161093.607Dot Lake New Stuyahok 13Piped71.0071146%1376 353212.05 6838 17556 59.907False Pass New Stuyahok 37Piped15 1.001511413%2948 756925.82 14653 37619 128.367Karluk New Stuyahok 48Piped12 0.831011411%2358 605520.66 11722 30095 102.697Port Protection New Stuyahok 49Piped26 0.792111423%5110 1311944.76 25398 65207 222.497Kasaan New Stuyahok 52Piped23 0.892011420%4520 1160539.60 22467 57683 196.817Nelson Lagoon New Stuyahok 52Piped22 0.881911419%4324 1110137.88 21491 55175 188.267Port Alexander New Stuyahok 61Piped22 0.972111419%4324 1110137.88 21491 55175 188.267Atka New Stuyahok 69Piped24 0.942311421%4717 1211041.32 2344460191 205.377lgiugig New Stuyahok 71Piped16 1.001611414%3145 807327.55 15629 40127 136.917Akhiok New Stuyahok 73Piped19 0.951811417%3734 958732.71 18560 47651 162.597Chignik Lake New Stuyahok 74Piped27 0.962611424%5306 1362446.48 26375 67715 231.047Twin Hills New Stuyahok 76Piped29 1.002911425%5700 1463349.93 28328 72731 248.167Chenega New Stuyahok 78Piped31 1.003111427%6093 1564253.37 30282 77747 265.277Chignik Lagoon New Stuyahok 79Piped29 0.962811425%5700 1463349.93 28328 72731 248.167Larsen Bay New Stuyahok 88Piped34 0.943211430%6682 1715658.54 33213 85270 290.947Pelican New Stuyahok 88Piped41 1.004111436%8058 2068870.59 40051 102826350.847Tatitlek New Stuyahok 91Piped36 1.003611432%7075 1816561.98 35166 90286 308.067Chignik New Stuyahok 95Piped41 0.933811436%8058 2068870.59 40051 102826350.847Northway Village New Stuyahok 108Piped30 0.882611426%5896 1513851.65 29305 75239 256.717Cold Bay New Stuyahok 109Piped46 0.572611440%9041 2321179.20 44935 115366393.637Egigik New Stuyahok 113Piped29 0.762211425%5700 1463349.93 28328 72731 248.167Perryville New Stuyahok 119Piped38 1.003811433%7468 1917465.42 37120 95302 325.177Gulkana New Stuyahok 122 Sewer, Covered Haul 36 0.963511432%7075 1816561.98 35166 90286 308.067Tetlin New Stuyahok 136Piped43 1.004311438%8451 2169774.03 42004107842 367.967Ouzinkie New Stuyahok 164Piped56 0.995511449%11006 2825796.41 54703 140445 479.207Nondalton New Stuyahok 166Piped57 0.895111450%11203 2876198.13 55680 142953 487.767Kokhanok New Stuyahok 171Piped52 1.005211446%10220 2623889.53 50796 130414444.977Tyonek New Stuyahok 176Piped70 0.805611461%13757 35321120.52 68379 175557 599.007Coffman Cove New Stuyahok 177Piped89 1.008911478%17492 44908153.23 86939 223208 761.597Port Graham New Stuyahok 178Piped79 0.987711469%15526 39862136.01 77171 198128 676.017Holy Cross New Stuyahok 187Piped64 0.764911456%12578 32294110.19 62518 160509 547.667Port Lions New Stuyahok 209Piped77 0.987511468%15133 38853132.57 75217 193112 658.907Old Harbor New Stuyahok 220Piped84 1.008411474%16509 42385144.62 82055 210668 718.807Whittier New Stuyahok 233Piped114 0.95108114100%22405 57523196.27 111360285907 975.517Glennallen New Stuyahok 239Piped203 0.97197114178%39897 102431349.49 198299 509115 1737.107Nanwalek New Stuyahok 255Piped55 1.005511448%10809 2775294.69 53726 137937 470.647Seldovia New Stuyahok 258Piped121 0.7388114106%23781 61055208.32 118198 303462 1035.417Saint Paul New Stuyahok 318Piped162 0.63102114142%31839 81743278.91 158248 406288 1386.267Nikolaevsk New Stuyahok 324Piped107 0.9610311494%21029 53991184.22 104522 268351 915.617Adak New Stuyahok 330Piped44 0.944111439%8648 2220275.75 42981 110350376.517Akiak New Stuyahok 346Piped90 1.009011479%17688 45413154.95 87916 225716770.147Napakiak New Stuyahok 361Piped96 0.777411484%18867 48440165.28 93777 240764821.497King Salmon New Stuyahok 376Piped157 1.00157114138%30856 79220270.30 153364393749 1343.477Angoon New Stuyahok 470Piped167 0.90150114146%32821 84266287.52 163133 418828 1429.047New Stuyahok New Stuyahok 514Piped114 0.89101114100%22405 57523196.27 111360285907 975.517Naknek New Stuyahok 556Piped231 0.95219114203%45400 116559397.70 225651 579337 1976.707Fox River New Stuyahok 688Piped146 1.00146114128%2869473670251.36 142619 366161 1249.347Dillingham New Stuyahok 18Piped855 100.00%114750%168038 4314211472.01 83520021443007316.357Nikolski New Stuyahok 20Piped1,689 1.0016891141482%331948 8522462907.86 16498864235933 14453.008Bethel Bethel 3598 Piped 1896100897259044884 640367 164408456108Nome Kotzebue 3201 Piped 1216100897259044884 640367 164408456108Tanacross New Stuyahok 151Piped53 0.844511446%10416 2674391.25 51773 132922 453.538Shungnak New Stuyahok 264Piped62 0.764711454%12185 31284106.74 60564155493 530.548Kiana New Stuyahok 374Piped101 0.989911489%19850 50963173.89 98661 253303 864.278Akutan New Stuyahok 6080 Piped4011435%7861 2018368.87 39074100318 342.298Beaver Savoonga 86 Piped 36 0.90 32 166 22%7921 2033669.38 44331 113817 3888Sleetmute Savoonga 87 Piped 36 1.00 36 166 22%7921 2033669.38 44331 113817 3888Kobuk Savoonga 156 Piped 36 0.55 20 166 22%7921 2033669.38 44331 113817 388Rural Water and Sewer Estimated Energy Use2010 PopulationClimate ZoneElectrical Energy Use Fuel UseCommunityComparable Community Existing Primary Type of SystemOccupied # of homes% Homes of served# homes served by water and sewerComparable Community # Homes Served by Water and SewerHomes served as comparison to comparable community
BTU/H kWH/yr MMBTU/yr BTU/h kWh/yr MMBTU/yr2010 PopulationClimate ZoneElectrical Energy Use Fuel UseCommunityComparable Community Existing Primary Type of SystemOccupied # of homes% Homes of served# homes served by water and sewerComparable Community # Homes Served by Water and SewerHomes served as comparison to comparable community 8Golovin Savoonga 161 Piped 49 1.00 49 166 30%10781 2767994.44 60340 154917 5298Nunam Iqua Savoonga 189Piped43 0.974216626%9461 2429082.88 52951 135948 4648Point Lay Savoonga 190Piped60 0.985916636%13201 33893115.64 73886 189695 6478KaltagSavoonga 190Piped70 1.007016642%15401 39541134.92 86200 221311 7558Newhalen Savoonga 190Piped50 0.623116630%11001 2824496.37 61571 158079 5398Mekoryuk Savoonga 194 Piped 70 1.00 70 166 42%15401 39541134.92 86200 221311 7558Grayling Savoonga 194 Piped 55 1.00 55 166 33%12101 31068106.00 67729 173887 5938Koliganek Savoonga 210 Piped 55 0.90 50 166 33%12101 31068106.00 67729 173887 5938Minto Savoonga 210 Piped 65 0.98 64 166 39%14301 36717125.28 80043 205503 7018Upper Kalskag Savoonga 218Piped60 0.925516636%13201 33893115.64 73886 189695 6478Goodnews BaySavoonga 246Piped76 0.574316646%16721 42931146.48 93589 2402808208Tanana Savoonga 251 Piped 100 0.98 98 166 60%22002 56488192.74 123143 316158 10798Shaktoolik Savoonga 254 Piped 64 0.87 56 166 39%14081 36152123.35 78811 202341 6908Koyuk Savoonga 346 Piped 89 0.55 49 166 54%19582 50274171.53 109597 281381 9608Brevig Mission Savoonga 402Piped93 0.918516656%20462 52534179.24 114523 294027 10038TuntutuliakSavoonga 411Piped96 1.009616658%21122 54228185.03 118217 303512 10368Marshall Savoonga 442Piped100 0.999916660%22002 56488192.74 123143 316158 10798NunapitchukSavoonga 501Piped124 0.789716675%27282 70045238.99 152697 39203613388Aniak Savoonga 510 Piped 166 0.99 164 166 100%36523 93769319.94 204417 524822 17918Pilot Station Savoonga 577Piped121 0.759116673%26622 68350233.21 149003 382551 13058KotlikSavoonga 583Piped128 0.8010216677%28162 72304246.70 157623 404682 13818Emmonak Savoonga 813 Piped 185 0.95 176 166 111%40703 104502356.56 227814584892 19968Mountain Village Savoonga 817Piped184 0.98180166111%40483 103937354.63 226583 58173019858Togiak Savoonga 829 Piped 231 0.92 213 166 139%50824130486445.22 284460730325 24928Chevak Savoonga 1027 Piped 209 1.00 209 166 126%45984118059402.82 257368 66077022558Atqasuk Selawik 234 Piped 64 0.93 60 186 34%13667 35089119.72 81621 209555 7158Ambler Selawik 262 Piped 75 0.91 68 186 40%16016 41120140.30 95650 245573 8388Nulato Selawik 275 Piped 92 0.87 80 186 49%19646 50440172.10 117331 30123610288Nightmute Selawik 312 Piped 59 1.00 59 186 32%12599 32348110.37 75245 1931846598Russian Mission Selawik312Piped73 0.765518639%15589 40023136.56 93099 2390248168Saint George Selawik312Piped42 0.933918623%8969 2302778.57 53564137521 4698Saint Mary's Selawik312Piped151 0.9614518681%32246 82788282.47 192575 49442016878Saint Michael Selawik312Piped96 0.838018652%20501 52634179.59 122432 314333 10738Elim Selawik 332 Piped 89 0.86 77 186 48%19006 48796166.49 113505 291413 9948Galena Selawik 471 Piped 190 1.00 190 186 102%40574104171355.43 242313 622117 21238Noatak Selawik 544 Piped 114 1.00 114 186 61%24345 62502213.26 145388 37327012748Fort Yukon Selawik590Piped246 0.83204186132%52533 134873460.19 313732 805478 27488Toksook BaySelawik668Piped125 0.9311618667%2669468533233.84 159417 409288 13968Noorvik Selawik 671 Piped 153 0.99 151 186 82%32673 83885286.21 195126500968 17098Savoonga Selawik 674 Piped 166 0.92 153 186 89%35449 91012310.53 211705 54353418558Alakanuk Selawik 681 Piped 160 0.76 122 186 86%34168 87723299.31 204053 523888 17888Gambell Selawik 685 Piped 164 0.98 161 186 88%35022 89916306.79 209155 53698618328Unalakleet Selawik 762 Piped 225 0.97 218 186 121%48048 123360420.90 286950736718 25148Selawik Selawik 938 Piped 186 0.96 179 186 100%39720 101977347.95 237212 60902020788Kotzebue Bethel 4212 Piped 954100897259043.8804883.86 640367 16440845609.614929Kaktovik Selawik 243 Piped 72 0.55 40 186 39%15375 39475134.69 918242357508049Anaktuvuk Pass Selawik326Piped99 1.009918653%21141 54278185.20 126258 32415611069Wainwright Selawik 557 Piped 147 1.00 147 186 79%31392 80595274.99 187474481322 16429Point Hope Selawik677Piped186 0.90167186100%39720 101977347.95 237212 60902020789BarrowBethel2329 Piped1280100897259043.8804883.86 640367 16440845609.61492Totals2879066 7391740 25221 15867097 40737330 138996Occupied homes used as the unit of analysisBTU/HkWH/yr MMBTU/yr BTU/h kWh/yr MMBTU/yrServed water and sewer communities provided by ANTHCAll septic system and haul communities are filtered out and not included in the analysis‐ only piped water and sewer.Total number of communities estimated is 113. Comparable communities are the detailed water and sewer analysis conducted by WHPacific for the commuities of Bethel, New Stuyahok, Savoonga, and Selawik.
COMMUNITY BETHEL
NEW
STUYAHOK SAVOONGA SELAWIK KOTZEBUE
AVG ANNUAL TEMP,
DEG F 31 31 28 24 24
TOTAL ENERGY
DEMAND, BTU/h 741,000 134,000 241,000 277,000 1,976,000
TOTAL ENERGY
DEMAND,
MMBTU/yr
6,491 1,174 2,111 2,427 17,310
EST. ENERGY
PRODUCTION
EFFICIENCY
0.65 0.65 0.65 0.65 0.65
TOTAL ENERGY USE,
MMBTU/yr 9,989 1,803 3,269 3,860 26,630
COMMUNITY BETHEL
NEW
STUYAHOK SAVOONGA SELAWIK KOTZEBUE
AVG ANNUAL TEMP,
DEG F 31 31 28 24 24
TOTAL ENERGY
DEMAND, BTU/h 999,000 179,000 308,000 345,000 2,679,000
TOTAL ENERGY
DEMAND,
MMBTU/yr
8,751 1,568 2,698 3,022 23,468
EST. ENERGY
PRODUCTION
EFFICIENCY
0.65 0.65 0.65 0.65 0.65
TOTAL ENERGY USE,
MMBTU/yr 13,463 2,412 4,151 4,650 36,105
COMMUNITY BETHEL
NEW
STUYAHOK SAVOONGA SELAWIK KOTZEBUE
AVG ANNUAL TEMP,
DEG F 31 31 28 24 24
TOTAL ENERGY
DEMAND, BTU/h 1,257,000 223,000 375,000 413,000 3,383,000
TOTAL ENERGY
DEMAND,
MMBTU/yr
11,011 1,953 3,285 3,618 29,635
EST. ENERGY
PRODUCTION
EFFICIENCY
0.65 0.65 0.65 0.65 0.65
TOTAL ENERGY USE,
MMBTU/yr 16,940 3,005 5,054 5,566 45,592
Notes
Heat trace loads not included because heat trace should not be needed for normal operating conditions
Energy Demand is calculated in terms of net energy, without regard to Energy Production Efficiency
Energy Use is Energy Demand divided by Energy Production Efficiency
Typical Operating Temperatures are in the range 45 F to 55 F
MODEL RESULTS AT AVG ANNUAL TEMP AND 45 DEG F OPERATING TEMPERATURE
MODEL RESULTS AT AVG ANNUAL TEMP AND 50 DEG F OPERATING TEMPERATURE
MODEL RESULTS AT AVG ANNUAL TEMP AND 55 DEG F OPERATING TEMPERATURE
Water & Sewer Energy Model Results
Various operating temperatures
BTU/h kWh/yr MMBTU/yrBTU/h kWh/yr MMBTU/yrBethel31 100,897 259,044884640,367 1,644,084561053,939188New Stuyahok31 22,405 57,523 196111,360285,907 9769,38033Savoonga28 36,523 93,769 320204,417 524,822 179117,21860Selawik24 39,720 101,977 348237,212 609,020207819,98170Fuel Conversion 1 gallon = 130,000BTU1 kWh = 3412 BTU deliveredDirect conversionFuel Heating Efficiency =0.8 BTU delivered/BTU burned1 MMBTU = 293.1 kWhNo efficiencies consideredPower Conversion Efficiency=0.35 BTU delivered/BTU burned1 kWh = 9,749 BTU burned =0.075 gallon fuel burnedBoiler fuel use = 9.62 gallon/MMBTU delivered0.8 efficiencyElectricity used for heating is reported in the Fuel Power Use categoryElectrical Power Use includes Raw water pumping, pressurization pumping, loop pumping, sewage pumping and sewage lift station heatingFuel Power Use includes raw water heating, buildingsand storage tanks heating, loops heating and services heatingThis is based on the asumption that energy use at annual average temperature conditions reflects annual average daily fuel and electricity useWATER AND SEWER ANNUAL ENERGY USE BREAKDOWNat Average Annual Temperature and Operating Temperature of 45 deg FElectrical Energy UseFuel Power UseConversion FactorsCommunityAvg T, deg FFuel Check KWHeating Fuel Use (gal/yr)